cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The lysosomal proenzyme receptor that binds procathepsin L to microsomal membranes at pH 5 is a 43-kDa integral membrane protein.
Creators: name: McIntyre, G. F.
name: Erickson, A. H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: Two lysosomal proenzymes, procathepsins L and D, bind to mouse fibroblast microsomal membranes at acidic pH. This membrane association is independent of the mannose-6-phosphate receptors and requires the presence of the N-terminal propeptides of the enzymes. We have identified the protein that specifically binds procathepsin L at pH 5. A 43-kDa membrane protein coimmunoprecipitated with procathepsin L at pH 5 but not at pH 7 when cells were denatured with detergents. Similarly, a 43-kDa integral membrane protein bound procathepsin L in three kinds of ligand blots at pH 5 but not at pH 7. A synthetic peptide containing the 24 N-terminal residues of mouse procathepsin L blocked the binding of procathepsin L to this integral membrane protein on ligand blots. These results indicate that the 43-kDa integral membrane protein is a lysosomal proenzyme receptor that specifically binds the procathepsin L activation peptide at acidic pH.
Experimental excitation of multiple surface-plasmon-polariton waves with 2D gratings
Creators: name: Liu, Liu
name: Faryad, Muhammad
name: Hall, A. Shoji
name: Erten, Sema
name: Barber, Greg D.
name: Mallouk, Thomas E.
name: Lakhtakia, Akhlesh
name: Mayer, Theresa S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The excitation of multiple SPP waves as Floquet harmonics was demonstrated in structures fabricated as one-dimensional photonic crystals (PCs) on top of two-dimensional gold gratings. Each period of the PC comprised nine layers of silicon oxynitrides of different compositions, and each PC had either two or three periods. Absorptances for obliquely incident $p$- and $s$-polarized light were measured in the 500--1000-nm wavelength regime and the sharp bands in the absorptance spectra were compared with the solutions of the underlying canonical boundary-value problem. The excitation of multiple surface-plasmon-polariton (SPP) waves as Floquet harmonics was confirmed. The structures demonstrated broadband absorption with overall weak dependences on the incidence angle and the polarization state of the incident light, and has potential application for harvesting solar energy.
title: Electrical impedance based condition monitoring of machine elements – a systematic review
Creators: name: Becker-Dombrowsky, Florian Michael
name: Kirchner, Eckhard
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2024

description: Condition monitoring of machine elements becomes more important over the last years. Different approaches to detect failures in mechanical components have been developed. All these methods are located at a distance from the point of interest, the observed machine element. This leads to uncertainties in the data, which influences the data quality negatively. Using the electrical impedance for condition monitoring enables in situ measurement with reduced uncertainties and higher data quality. In the last years, research considering this topic was done, but a systematic overview is missing. In this article, a systematic literature research according to the PRISMA approach is fulfilled. The main questions are, what application fields for electrical impedance-based condition monitoring approaches exists and which research gaps are not addressed yet. At the end, 21 articles are categorized in their application fields. Analyzing their content, research questions are identified which have to be addressed in further investigations.
Transcription factors are required for the meiotic recombination hotspot at the HIS4 locus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Creators: name: White, M. A.
name: Petes, T. D.
name: Dominska, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: The full activity of a recombination initiation site located 5' of HIS4 requires the binding of the transcription factors RAP1, BAS1, and BAS2. Two RAP1 binding sites can substitute for the wild-type initiation site. A 51-bp region of telomeric DNA inserted upstream of either HIS4 or ARG4 very strongly stimulates recombination. We suggest that the ability of transcription factors to induce recombination is a consequence of an altered chromatin structure that favors the entry of proteins that initiate recombination, rather than an effect of these factors on transcription.
Metadaten lexikalischer Ressourcen. Ausgewählte Herausforderungen bei der einheitlichen Beschreibung lexikalischer Ressourcen in Text+
Creators: name: Kretschmer, Uwe
name: Eckart, Thomas
name: Körner, Erik
name: Klee, Anne
name: Duan, Tinghui
name: Dücker, Lisa
name: Engsterhold, Robert
name: Oberdorfer, Georg
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Datenmodell
Text+
Registry
Metadaten
kontrollierte Vokabulare
Normdaten

description: Posterpräsentation im Rahmen des 2. Text+ Plenarys: Connecting People and Data am 28./29. September an der SUB Göttingen.
Bell Inequalities for Continuously Emitting Sources
Creators: name: Knill, Emanuel
name: Glancy, Scott
name: Nam, Sae Woo
name: Coakley, Kevin
name: Zhang, Yanbao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A common experimental strategy for demonstrating non-classical correlations is to show violation of a Bell inequality by measuring a continuously emitted stream of entangled photon pairs. The measurements involve the detection of photons by two spatially separated parties. The detection times are recorded and compared to quantify the violation. The violation critically depends on determining which detections are coincident. Because the recorded detection times have "jitter", coincidences cannot be inferred perfectly. In the presence of settings-dependent timing errors, this can allow a local-realistic system to show apparent violation--the so-called "coincidence loophole". Here we introduce a family of Bell inequalities based on signed, directed distances between the parties' sequences of recorded timetags. Given that the timetags are recorded for synchronized, fixed observation periods and that the settings choices are random and independent of the source, violation of these inequalities unambiguously shows non-classical correlations violating local realism. Distance-based Bell inequalities are generally useful for two-party configurations where the effective size of the measurement outcome space is large or infinite. We show how to systematically modify the underlying Bell functions to improve the signal to noise ratio and to quantify the significance of the violation.
description: 31 pages
Unconventional processing of the 3' termini of the Epstein-Barr virus DNA polymerase mRNA.
Creators: name: Adams, M. D.
name: Pagano, J. S.
name: Furnari, F. B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: Northern blot analysis of the Epstein-Barr virus DNA polymerase mRNA identified two discrete sizes of virally encoded polymerase transcripts, 5.08 kb detected in strains P3HR1, Raji, W-91, and FF-41 and 3.7 kb detected solely in the prototype B95-8 strain. 3' S1-nuclease mapping and analysis of cDNA sequence generated by RNA-based PCR demonstrated that the 3.7-kb polymerase mRNA from B95-8 terminates 484 base pairs downstream of the open reading frame in a region of the genome remarkable for its lack of an apparent polyadenylylation signal. Moreover, between the cleavage point and the poly(A) tract of the cDNAs are a series of inserted nucleotides, mostly adenosine and uridine residues of unknown origin. A similar analysis of the 3' terminus of the 5.0-kb mRNA from the other cell lines revealed that polyadenylylation occurs 1.4 kb downstream of the B95-8 terminus. This region is deleted in B95-8, which accounts for the alternate upstream terminus used in B95-8. Like the 3.7-kb terminus, the 5.0-kb terminus lacks a canonical polyadenylylation signal, but contains a rarely used UAUAAA sequence 32 bp upstream of the poly(A) tail. These results indicate that the mRNA encoded by the Epstein-Barr virus DNA polymerase gene is polyadenylylated at two different termini without the use of canonical signals, raising the possibility of involvement of a virus-encoded factor in 3' processing of this message.
An equation of state in the limit of high densities
Creators: name: Masoumi, Ali
name: Mathur, Samir D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We take string theory in a box of volume $V$, and ask for the entropy $S(E,V)$. We let $E$ exceed the value $E_{bh}$ corresponding to the largest black hole that can fit in the box. Several approaches in the past have suggested the expression $S\sim \sqrt{EV/G}$. We recall these arguments, and in particular expand on an argument that uses dualities of string theory. We require that expression for $S(E,V)$ be invariant under the T and S dualities, and that it agree with the black hole entropy when $E\sim E_{bh}$. These criteria lead to the above expression for $S$. We note that this expression had been obtained also by a imposing a quite different requirement -- that the entropy within a cosmological horizon be of order the Bekenstein entropy for a black hole of size the cosmological horizon. We recall the earlier proposed model of a `dense gas of black holes' to model this entropy, and discuss its realization as a set of intersecting brane states. Finally we speculate that the cosmological evolution of such a phase may depart from the evolution expected from the classical Einstein equations, since the very large value of the entropy can lead to novel effects similar to the fuzzball dynamics found in black holes.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures. Some changes of presentation arising from our being made aware of prior work in references [2], [6]
A gene phylogeny of the red algae (Rhodophyta) based on plastid rbcL.
Creators: name: Freshwater, D. W.
name: Hommersand, M. H.
name: Fredericq, S.
name: Butler, B. S.
name: Chase, M. W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: A phylogeny for the Rhodophyta has been inferred by parsimony analysis of plastid rbcL sequences representing 81 species, 68 genera, 38 families, and 17 orders of red algae; rbcL encodes the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. Levels of sequence divergence among species, genera, and families are high in red algae, typically much greater than those reported for flowering plants. The Rhodophyta traditionally consists of one class, Rhodophyceae, and two subclasses, Bangiophycidae and Florideophycidae. The Bangiophycidae with three orders (Porphyridiales, Compsopogonales, and Bangiales) appears to be polyphyletic, and the Florideophycidae with 17 orders is monophyletic in this study. The current classification of the Florideophycidae based on ultrastructure of pit connections is supported. With the exception of the Rhodogorgonales, which appears to be misplaced, orders with one or two pit-plug cap layers (Hildenbrandiales, Corallinales, Acrochaetiales, Palmanales, Batrachospermales, and Nemaliales) terminate long branches of basal position within Florideophycidae in the most parsimonious rbcL tree. Orders that lack typical cap layers but possess a cap membrane are resolved as a monophyletic clade sister to the Ahnfeltiales. The large order Gigartinales, which is distributed among five rbcL clades, is polyphyletic. Families that possess typical carrageenan in their cell walls are resolved as a terminal clade containing two family complexes centered around the Solieriaceae and Gigartinaceae.
Overview of ALICE Results at Quark Matter 2014
Creators: name: Grosse-Oetringhaus, Jan Fiete
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results released by the ALICE collaboration at Quark Matter 2014 address topics from identified-particle jet fragmentation functions in pp collisions, to the search for collective signatures in p-Pb collisions to precision measurements of jet quenching with D mesons in Pb-Pb collisions. This paper gives an overview of the contributions (31 parallel talks, 2 flash talks and 80 posters) by the ALICE collaboration at Quark Matter 2014.
description: Proceedings for ALICE overview plenary at Quark Matter 2014
A plasma lipoprotein containing only apolipoprotein E and with gamma mobility on electrophoresis releases cholesterol from cells.
Creators: name: Huang, Y.
name: von Eckardstein, A.
name: Maeda, N.
name: Assmann, G.
name: Wu, S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Previous studies have identified lipid-poor high density lipoproteins with electrophoretic pre-beta mobility as the initial acceptors of cell-derived cholesterol in human plasma. These lipoproteins contain apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) as their sole apolipoprotein. In the present study, incubation of human plasma with [3H]cholesterol-laden skin fibroblasts has led to the identification of another lipoprotein that serves as a potent initial acceptor of cell-derived cholesterol. This lipoprotein, which we term gamma-LpE, exhibits gamma mobility on agarose gel electrophoresis. As determined by nondenaturing PAGE and by electron microscopy, the size of the spherical particle ranges between 12 and 16 nm. SDS/PAGE and subsequent immunoblotting identified apoE as its sole apolipoprotein. Plasma from normal and apoA-I-deficient mice, but not from apoE-deficient mice, released [3H]cholesterol from fibroblasts into a gamma-migrating lipoprotein. Cell culture media from hepatoma cells or mouse peritoneal macrophages, both of which contain apoE of cellular origin, also promoted efflux of [3H]cholesterol from fibroblasts into a gamma-migrating fraction. This was not observed with cell culture medium from fibroblasts alone. In conclusion, our results strongly indicate the presence in human plasma of a lipoprotein containing only apoE, gamma-LpE, which is secreted by peripheral cells and is a potent acceptor of cell-derived cholesterol.
Altered inflammatory responses in leukotriene-deficient mice.
Creators: name: Coffman, T. M.
name: Snouwaert, J. N.
name: Koller, B. H.
name: Goulet, J. L.
name: Latour, A. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Leukotrienes have been implicated in the regulation of immune responses, including inflammation and immediate hypersensitivity reactions. Here, we describe the phenotypic analysis of leukotriene-deficient mice generated by inactivation of the 5-lipoxygenase (5LO) gene. These 5LO(-/-) mice were unable to synthesize detectable levels of leukotrienes and were more resistant to lethal anaphylaxis induced by platelet-activating factor. The intensity of an acute inflammatory response induced by arachidonic acid was similar in 5LO(-/-) mice and controls. However, the response in 5LO(-/-) mice, but not in controls, could be virtually eliminated by a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. These data suggest that inflammatory responses are modulated by arachidonic acid metabolites through a variety of interconnected mechanisms. This has important implications for understanding the early events of an inflammatory response and for designing drugs for use in therapeutic intervention.
Chloroplast and nuclear gene sequences indicate late Pennsylvanian time for the last common ancestor of extant seed plants.
Creators: name: Michaud, M.
name: Strauss, S. H.
name: Chase, M. W.
name: Bousquet, J.
name: Li, P.
name: Savard, L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: We have estimated the time for the last common ancestor of extant seed plants by using molecular clocks constructed from the sequences of the chloroplastic gene coding for the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbcL) and the nuclear gene coding for the small subunit of rRNA (Rrn18). Phylogenetic analyses of nucleotide sequences indicated that the earliest divergence of extant seed plants is likely represented by a split between conifer-cycad and angiosperm lineages. Relative-rate tests were used to assess homogeneity of substitution rates among lineages, and annual angiosperms were found to evolve at a faster rate than other taxa for rbcL and, thus, these sequences were excluded from construction of molecular clocks. Five distinct molecular clocks were calibrated using substitution rates for the two genes and four divergence times based on fossil and published molecular clock estimates. The five estimated times for the last common ancestor of extant seed plants were in agreement with one another, with an average of 285 million years and a range of 275-290 million years. This implies a substantially more recent ancestor of all extant seed plants than suggested by some theories of plant evolution.
Developmentally regulated loss of ubiquitin and ubiquitinated proteins during pollen maturation in maize.
Creators: name: Bedinger, P.
name: Callis, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Eukaryotic cells typically contain 0.2-1.0% of their total protein as the highly conserved protein ubiquitin, which exists both free and covalently attached to cellular proteins. The attachment of ubiquitin to cellular proteins occurs posttranslationally by a three-enzyme pathway and results in a peptide linkage of the C terminus of ubiquitin either to a lysyl epsilon-amino group of a substrate protein or to a lysyl epsilon-amino group of a previously linked ubiquitin molecule. The multiple conjugation of ubiquitin to substrate proteins via ubiquitin-ubiquitin linkages is thought to be necessary, but not sufficient, for recognition and degradation by a ubiquitin-dependent protease. In higher plant cells the steady-state level of ubiquitinated proteins is generally constant and can be readily detected in all somatic tissues. In contrast, we have found that a developmentally regulated loss of free ubiquitin and ubiquitinated proteins occurs during maize (Zea mays L.) pollen maturation. This dramatic loss of ubiquitin correlates temporally with commitment to the gametophytic developmental program. Northern blot analysis indicates that the loss of ubiquitin is not due to low levels of ubiquitin mRNA, suggesting that a posttranscriptional regulatory mechanism is responsible.
Application of a partial differential equation (PDE) to project multiple sclerosis prevalence and cases in Germany (2015 - 2040)
Creators: name: Baginski, Kira
name: Voeltz, Dina
name: Hoyer, Annika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The data and files required to replicate the comprehensive analysis and all the figures and/or tables presented in the article titled "Projected number of people with multiple sclerosis in Germany between 2015 and 2040". The source files, denoted by the extension .R, are intended for use with the open statistical software R (The R Foundation of Scientific Computing). The text files (.txt) contain the projected  age- and sex-specific distribution of the population in Germany for each year of the projection period. These data and files were obtained from the German Federal Statistical Office (FSO) and pertain to variant G2-L2-W2 of the 14th coordinated population projection. 
The main file, MS_PDE_skript.R, utilizes the source() function in R to load MS_PDE_rates.R. This auxiliary file, MS_PDE_rates.R, comprises self-programmed functions that are essential to run the main script. To calculate the confidence intervals through a Monte Carlo simulation, the script MS_bootstrapping.R should be run after MS_PDE_skript.R. In order to access the required functions, MS_bootstrapping.R utilizes the source() function in R to load MS_bootstrapping_rates.R. MS_bootstrapping_rates.R contains self-programmed functions that are essential to run MS_bootstrapping.R.
Estimating the impact of biosimilar entry on prices and expenditures in rheumatoid arthritis: a case study of targeted immune modulators
Creators: name: Hernandez, Ervant J. Maksabedian
name: Graf, Marlon
name: Portelli, Alexandria
name: Shafrin, Jason
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: To model changes in prices, utilization, and expenditures of targeted immune modulators (TIMs) for rheumatoid arthritis, accounting for biosimilar entry. Using IQVIA National Sales Perspective data between 2013 and 2019, we examined sales and expenditures of biologics and non-biological complex molecules, 20 quarters before and after patent exclusivity milestones. We estimated the impact of a molecule’s exclusivity milestones and biosimilar entry on prices, using a regression discontinuity design (RDD). We then combined the RDD estimate with historical trends to assess the impact of adalimumab’s exclusivity milestones on future TIM expenditures. Changes in average molecule prices were associated largely with biosimilar uptake. For molecules with relatively high biosimilar uptake (>60%), prices fell considerably (−21.2% to −59.3%) one year after exclusivity milestones, whereas molecules with lower biosimilar uptake (<10%) experienced smaller price decreases (−2.4% to −8.4%). Average price reduction at the molecule level after biosimilar entry was not significant (−18.6%; p = .657). When applying the RDD results after adalimumab’s exclusivity milestones, its projected share of total TIM market expenditures decreased from 48.0% in 2019 to 26.0% in 2025, whereas expenditures on Janus kinase inhibitors increased from 4.0% to 34.0%. Biologics facing biosimilar competition may experience price decreases, potentially offering substantial savings to payers, patients, and society, although the magnitude of these estimates depends on biosimilar uptake. Formulary placement, along with manufacturer-payer dynamics, may also play a role in determining the impact on price and market uptake of biosimilars.
Substrate Sensitive Mid-Infrared Photoresponse in Graphene
Creators: name: Freitag, Marcus
name: Low, Tony
name: Martin-Moreno, Luis
name: Zhu, Wenjuan
name: Guinea, Francisco
name: Avouris, Phaedon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report mid-infrared photocurrent spectra of graphene nanoribbon arrays on SiO2 dielectrics showing dual signatures of the substrate interaction. First, hybrid polaritonic modes of graphene plasmons and dielectric surface polar phonons produce a thermal photocurrent in graphene with spectral features that are tunable by gate voltage, nanoribbon width, and light polarization. Secondly, phonon-polaritons associated with the substrate are excited, which indirectly heat up the graphene leading to a graphene photocurrent with fixed spectral features. Models for other commonly used substrates show that the responsivity of graphene infrared photodetectors can be tailored to specific mid-IR frequency bands by the choice of the substrate.
Disruption of a topoisomerase-DNA cleavage complex by a DNA helicase.
Creators: name: Neece, S. H.
name: Howard, M. T.
name: Matson, S. W.
name: Kreuzer, K. N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: The type II DNA topoisomerases are targets for a variety of chemotherapeutic agents, including the antibacterial quinolones and several families of antitumor drugs. These agents stabilize an enzyme-DNA cleavage complex that consists of the topoisomerase covalently linked to the 5' phosphates of a double-stranded DNA break. Although the drug-stabilized cleavage complex is readily reversible, it can result in cell death by a mechanism that remains uncertain. Here we demonstrate that the action of a DNA helicase can convert the cleavage complex into a nonreversible DNA break by displacing DNA strands from the complex. Formation of a nonreversible DNA break, induced by a DNA helicase, could explain the cytotoxicity of these topoisomerase poisons.
Electron microscopic studies of the interaction between a Bacillus subtilis alpha/beta-type small, acid-soluble spore protein with DNA: protein binding is cooperative, stiffens the DNA, and induces negative supercoiling.
Creators: name: Santiago-Lara, L.
name: Griffith, J.
name: Makhov, A.
name: Setlow, P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: DNA within spores of Bacillus subtilis is complexed with a group of alpha/beta-type small acid-soluble spore proteins (alpha/beta-type SASPs), which have almost identical primary sequences and DNA binding properties. Here electron microscopic and cyclization studies were carried out on alpha/beta-type SASP-DNA complexes. When an alpha/beta-type SASP was incubated with linear DNA, the protein bound cooperatively, forming a helical coating 6.6 +/- 0.4 nm wide with a 2.9 +/- 0.3 nm periodicity. alpha/beta-Type SASP binding to an 890-bp DNA was weakest at an (A+T)-rich region that was highly bent, but binding eliminated the bending. alpha/beta-Type SASP binding did not alter the rise per bp in DNA but greatly increased the DNA stiffness as measured by both electron microscopic and cyclization assays. Addition of alpha/beta-type SASPs to negatively supertwisted DNA led to protein binding without significant alteration of the plectonemically interwound appearance of the DNA. Addition of alpha/beta-type SASPs to relaxed or nicked circular DNA led to molecules that by electron microscopy appeared similar to supertwisted DNA. The introduction of negative supertwists in nicked circular DNA by alpha/beta-type SASPs was confirmed by ligation of these molecules followed by topoisomer analyses using agarose gel electrophoresis.
CAA Food Toolkit - Methods for exploring Sustainability through Food Systems and Dietary Habits (SL)
Creators: name: Junior Achievement Slovenija/Zavod za spodbujanje podjetnosti mladih
name: BluoVerda Deutschland e.V.
name: 2811 Social Enterprise UG
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This toolkit offers a collection of resources and tools to help formal and informal educators effectively engage young people in discussions about sustainability and climate change. By focusing on food systems and dietary habits, it provides an engaging and relatable entry point to the complex topic of climate change.
Radar orthogonality and radar length in Finsler and metric spacetime geometry
Creators: name: Pfeifer, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The radar experiment connects the geometry of spacetime with an observers measurement of spatial length. We investigate the radar experiment on Finsler spacetimes which leads to a general definition of radar orthogonality and radar length. The directions radar orthogonal to an observer form the spatial equal time surface an observer experiences and the radar length is the physical length the observer associates to spatial objects. We demonstrate these concepts on a forth order polynomial Finsler spacetime geometry which may emerge from area metric or pre-metric linear electrodynamics or in quantum gravity phenomenology. In an explicit generalisation of Minkowski spacetime geometry we derive the deviation from the euclidean spatial length measure in an observers rest frame explicitly.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, axes label in figures corrected, journal references added
Forecasts on the Dark Energy and Primordial Non-Gaussianity Observations with the Tianlai Cylinder Array
Creators: name: Xu, Yidong
name: Wang, Xin
name: Chen, Xuelei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Tianlai experiment is dedicated to the observation of large scale structures (LSS) by the 21 cm intensity mapping technique. In this paper we make forecasts on its capability at observing or constraining the dark energy parameters and the primordial non-Gaussianity. From the LSS data one can use the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) and the growth rate derived from the redshift space distortion (RSD) to measure the dark energy density and equation of state. The primordial non-Gaussianity can be constrained either by looking for scale-dependent bias in the power spectrum, or by using the bispectrum. Here we consider three cases: the Tianlai cylinder array pathfinder which is currently being built, an upgrade of the pathfinder array with more receiver units, and the full-scale Tianlai cylinder array. Using the full-scale Tianlai experiment, we expect $σ_{w_0} \sim 0.082$ and $σ_{w_a} \sim 0.21$ from the BAO and RSD measurements, $σ_{\rm f_{NL}}^{\rm local} \sim 14$ from the power spectrum measurements with scale-dependent bias, and $σ_{\rm f_{NL}}^{\rm local} \sim 22$ and $σ_{\rm f_{NL}}^{\rm equil} \sim 157$ from the bispectrum measurements.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): Stellar mass functions by Hubble type
Creators: name: Kelvin, Lee S.
name: Driver, Simon P.
name: Robotham, Aaron S. G.
name: Taylor, Edward N.
name: Graham, Alister W.
name: Alpaslan, Mehmet
name: Baldry, Ivan
name: Bamford, Steven P.
name: Bauer, Amanda E.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, Joss
name: Brown, Michael J. I.
name: Colless, Matthew
name: Conselice, Christopher J.
name: Holwerda, Benne W.
name: Hopkins, Andrew M.
name: Lara-López, Maritza A.
name: Liske, Jochen
name: López-Sánchez, Ángel R.
name: Loveday, Jon
name: Norberg, Peder
name: Phillipps, Steven
name: Popescu, Cristina C.
name: Prescott, Matthew
name: Sansom, Anne E.
name: Tuffs, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an estimate of the galaxy stellar mass function and its division by morphological type in the local (0.025 < z < 0.06) Universe. Adopting robust morphological classifications as previously presented (Kelvin et al.) for a sample of 3,727 galaxies taken from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly survey, we define a local volume and stellar mass limited sub-sample of 2,711 galaxies to a lower stellar mass limit of M = 10^9.0 M_sun. We confirm that the galaxy stellar mass function is well described by a double Schechter function given by M* = 10^10.64 M_sun, α1 = -0.43, ϕ*1 = 4.18 dex^-1 Mpc^-3, α2 = -1.50 and ϕ*2 = 0.74 dex^-1 Mpc^-3. The constituent morphological-type stellar mass functions are well sampled above our lower stellar mass limit, excepting the faint little blue spheroid population of galaxies. We find approximately 71+3-4% of the stellar mass in the local Universe is found within spheroid dominated galaxies; ellipticals and S0-Sas. The remaining 29+4-3% falls predominantly within late type disk dominated systems, Sab-Scds and Sd-Irrs. Adopting reasonable bulge-to-total ratios implies that approximately half the stellar mass today resides in spheroidal structures, and half in disk structures. Within this local sample, we find approximate stellar mass proportions for E : S0-Sa : Sab-Scd : Sd-Irr of 34 : 37 : 24 : 5.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS (see MNRAS version for high-quality figures)
Evidence for a Ca(2+)-gated ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+ release channel in visceral smooth muscle.
Creators: name: Cohn, A.
name: Lai, F. A.
name: Etter, E.
name: Xu, L.
name: Fay, F. S.
name: Meissner, G.
name: Guerrero, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Although a role for the ryanodine receptor (RyR) in Ca2+ signaling in smooth muscle has been inferred, direct information on the biochemical and functional properties of the receptor has been largely lacking. Studies were thus carried out to purify and characterize the RyR in stomach smooth muscle cells from the toad Bufo marinus. Intracellular Ca2+ measurements with the Ca(2+)-sensitive fluorescent indicator fura-2 under voltage clamp indicated the presence of a caffeine- and ryanodine-sensitive internal store for Ca2+ in these cells. The (CHAPS)-solubilized, [3H]ryanodine-labeled RyR of toad smooth muscle was partially purified from microsomal membranes by rate density centrifugation as a 30-S protein complex. SDS/PAGE indicated the comigration of a high molecular weight polypeptide with the peak attributed to 30-S RyR, which had a mobility similar to the cardiac RyR and on immunoblots cross-reacted with a monoclonal antibody to the canine cardiac RyR. Following planar lipid bilayer reconstitution of 30-S stomach muscle RyR fractions, single-channel currents (830 pS with 250 mM K+ as the permeant ion) were observed that were activated by Ca2+ and modified by ryanodine. In vesicle-45Ca2+ efflux measurements, the toad channel was activated to a greater extent at 100-1000 microM than 1-10 microM Ca2+. These results suggest that toad stomach muscle contains a ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+ release channel with properties similar but not identical to those of the mammalian skeletal and cardiac Ca(2+)-release channels.
Classification of Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Supervised Learning of Brain Connectivity Measures Extracted from Synchrostates
Creators: name: Jamal, Wasifa
name: Das, Saptarshi
name: Oprescu, Ioana-Anastasia
name: Maharatna, Koushik
name: Apicella, Fabio
name: Sicca, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Objective. The paper investigates the presence of autism using the functional brain connectivity measures derived from electro-encephalogram (EEG) of children during face perception tasks. Approach. Phase synchronized patterns from 128-channel EEG signals are obtained for typical children and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The phase synchronized states or synchrostates temporally switch amongst themselves as an underlying process for the completion of a particular cognitive task. We used 12 subjects in each group (ASD and typical) for analyzing their EEG while processing fearful, happy and neutral faces. The minimal and maximally occurring synchrostates for each subject are chosen for extraction of brain connectivity features, which are used for classification between these two groups of subjects. Among different supervised learning techniques, we here explored the discriminant analysis and support vector machine both with polynomial kernels for the classification task. Main results. The leave one out cross-validation of the classification algorithm gives 94.7% accuracy as the best performance with corresponding sensitivity and specificity values as 85.7% and 100% respectively. Significance. The proposed method gives high classification accuracies and outperforms other contemporary research results. The effectiveness of the proposed method for classification of autistic and typical children suggests the possibility of using it on a larger population to validate it for clinical practice.
description: 27 pages, 17 figures
Application of machine learning in glow curve deconvolution
Creators: name: Lienau, Evelin
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Thermoluminscence dosimetry
subject: Machine learning
subject: 530
subject: Thermolumineszenzdosimetrie
subject: Maschinelles Lernen

description: Routine dosimetry aims to estimate the radiation dose of occupationally exposed persons for a monitoring interval of one month. The Material Prüfungsamt NRW (MPA NRW) provides a thermoluminescence (TL) dosimeter based on LiF:Mg,Ti (TL-DOS). Thermal fading causes a time-dependent signal loss when using a TL dosimeter. This signal change is used to gain information about the irradiation event beyond the dose estimate, which can help to improve the radiation protection concept of occupationally exposed persons. In this work, multivariate analysis techniques for glow curve analysis using deep learning approaches are developed to estimate the irradiation day within a monitoring interval of 40 days with single-dose irradiation using a Cs-137 source with a prediction uncertainty of two days. To create a data basis for training the application of deep learning, over 10 000 measurements were performed in cooperation with the MPA NRW and the TL-DOS project. Furthermore, a technique to generate realistic glow curves based on generative adversarial networks (GANs) is presented, which makes it possible to expand the measured data set artificially and thus create a larger database for the deep learning approaches.
Formation of a ternary complex by human XPA, ERCC1, and ERCC4(XPF) excision repair proteins.
Creators: name: Park, C. H.
name: Sancar, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: The xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A (XP-A) protein, XPA, has recently been expressed in Escherichia coli in a soluble and fully functional form. An affinity column was prepared by linking the XPA protein to a solid support. When HeLa cell-free extract capable of excision repair was applied to the column, > 99.9% of the proteins were in the flow-through. However, the flow-through fraction lacked excision activity. The activity was restored by adding the high salt (1 M KCl) eluate of the column to the flow-through fraction. The XPA protein-bound fraction was tested for specific proteins by an in vitro complementation assay with a panel of cell-free extracts from DNA repair-deficient human and rodent cell lines. The XPA-bound fraction complemented cell-free extracts of excision repair cross-complementing 1 (ERCC-1), ERCC-4 (XP-F), and XP-A mutants. We conclude that the XPA damage recognition protein makes a ternary complex with the ERCC1/ERCC4(XPF) heterodimer with a potential nuclease function.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 may preferentially integrate into chromatin occupied by L1Hs repetitive elements.
Creators: name: Stevens, S. W.
name: Griffith, J. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Human DNA flanking sites of eight human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) proviral integrations have been analyzed in isolates derived both from integrations in an infected individual and from tissue culture. Sequence analysis encompassing 80-3000 bp of human DNA on one or both sides of the site of integration revealed that seven of the eight HIV-1 proviruses had integrated directly into or within one nucleosome's distance from an L1Hs or Alu repetitive element. To compare this with the frequency at which human L1 or Alu elements sharing > or = 70% identity with L1Hs and Alu consensus sequences would be encountered at random, > 200 bp from each of 82 individual anonymously cloned segments of human DNA were sequenced: L1Hs elements were encountered in 8.5% of the 82 clones and Alu elements were encountered in 13.4+ by using these homology windows. From these data it appears that HIV-1 integrates into or near L1Hs elements with an approximately 6-fold higher frequency than would be expected if HIV-1 integration events were distributed uniformly throughout the genome. A cumulative binomial probability test shows that there is a 0.26% chance that one would arrive at these figures by chance and puts the data well within a 99% confidence interval. We propose that sites of L1Hs and Alu insertions originally occurred in regions of chromatin that were more easily accessible to the retroposon machinery and that these regions are now acting as preferred integration sites for HIV-1.
Kritik an den heutigen Demokratien und Wege zu ihrer Humanisierung von der biblisch-jesuanischen Tradition her
Creators: name: Sobrino, Jon
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 43 Nr. 4 (2007): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 43, Heft 4
In vivo hepatic gene therapy: complete albeit transient correction of factor IX deficiency in hemophilia B dogs.
Creators: name: Taylor, L. A.
name: Leland, F.
name: Landen, C. N.
name: Wiehle, S.
name: Bellinger, D.
name: Fang, B.
name: Kay, M. A.
name: Rothenberg, S. R.
name: Finegold, M.
name: Thompson, A. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Hemophilia B is a bleeding disorder caused by mutations in the factor IX gene. The disorder is X-linked recessive with a prevalence of about 1 in 30,000 Caucasian males. Factor IX is naturally synthesized in the liver and secreted into blood. Here we report the construction of recombinant adenoviral vectors containing the canine factor IX cDNA that are capable of transducing hepatocytes in mice at high efficiencies in vivo without partial hepatectomy. The recombinant viral vector was used to treat hemophilia B dogs by direct vector infusion into the portal vasculature of deficient animals.
Demystifying Research Data Management: What do you need to know when you start RDM-ing in Norway?
Creators: name: Gabrielsen, Ane Møller
name: Øvrebø, Daniel Henry
name: Ostrop, Jenny
name: Stangeland, Elin
name: Heggland, Ingrid
name: Sundstøl, Shea
name: Kvamme, Trond
name: Kvale, Live
name: Gastinger, Almuth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: RDA, NFR, EOSC, BOTT, NVA, Sikt, NeIC, DigDir, UHR, NIRD, UBs, TSD, NESH, REK, KD, ESFRI, QualiFAIR - are you familiar with all the abbreviations? Are you new to research data management (RDM) in Norway or have been in the field for a long time but are still confused as we are?
Research Data Alliance Norway (NO-RDA) aims to create a structured overview of important actors, infrastructures, networks, services and collaborations in the Norwegian RDM landscape. In this session we will present results from our initial mapping, discuss questions submitted through our survey, and have invited representatives from central actors to present their services and answer questions live.
Topics

Important events and policies
Sorting actors
Infrastructure
Data that needs protection
Where to get help?
Invited guests

Nenitha Dagslott, The Research Council of Norway
Bodil Agasøster, Sikt
Abdulrahman Azab, NeIC
Koenraad de Smedt, CLARINO
Agata Bochynska, QualiFAIR
title: Διερεύνηση τεχνικών που χρησιμοποιούνται στην Ελλάδα για την αφαλάτωση κεραμικών αντικειμένων και προτάσεις ορθής αντιμετώπισης
title: Investigation of techniques used in Greece for the desalination of ceramic objects and suggestions for proper treatment
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ρετσίνα, Άννα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Αφαλάτωση
Απομάκρυνση διαλυτών και αδιάλυτων αλάτων
Πρώτα σωστικά μέτρα
Ανασκαφικό περιβάλλον
Αγωγιμότητα

description: Η παρούσα εργασία ασχολείται με τη διερεύνηση τεχνικών που εφαρμόζονται στην Ελλάδα για την αφαλάτωση των κεραμικών αντικειμένων. Μελετάται η σχετική βιβλιογραφία προκειμένου να εντοπιστούν οι διάφορες τεχνικές που χρησιμοποιούνται για την αφαλάτωση. Μέσα από τη βιβλιογραφία εντοπίζονται τα πλεονεκτήματα και μειονεκτήματα των μεθόδων. Γίνεται πιλοτική έρευνα προκειμένου να διακρίνουμε ποιες από αυτές βρίσκουν συνήθως εφαρμογή στον ελλαδικό χώρο και δίνεται η εντύπωση πως δεν υπάρχει ένα σαφώς καθορισμένο πρωτόκολλο για την αντιμετώπιση της αφαλάτωσης. Από τη μελέτη της σχετικής βιβλιογραφίας διαφαίνεται ότι ενώ είναι αρκετά γνωστή η δράση των διαλυτών αλάτων, δεν έχουν διερευνηθεί επαρκώς οι παράγοντες που θα μπορούσαν να την επηρεάσουν κατά τα διάφορα στάδια χειρισμού των κεραμικών και κυρίως κατά τη διάρκεια της ανασκαφής. Ούτε υπάρχει συγκεκριμένη καθοδήγηση για την αναχαίτιση των παραγόντων αυτών κυρίως όταν δεν υπάρχει εξειδικευμένο προσωπικό παρών σε όλα τα στάδια χειρισμού των κεραμικών αντικειμένων. Για το λόγο αυτό γίνεται προσπάθεια να εντοπιστoύν κάποιες διαδικασίες χειρισμού και συντήρησης (κυρίως κατά την ανασκαφική διαδικασία) που θα μπορούσαν να πυροδοτήσουν τη δράση των διαλυτών αλάτων στα κεραμικά αντικείμενα προκαλώντας φθορά. Επίσης επιχειρείται να εντοπιστεί η αλληλεπίδραση του σταδίου της αφαλάτωσης με τα υπόλοιπα στάδια. Ακολουθούν προτάσεις ορθής διαχείρισης και επισημαίνεται η δυσκολία κατάρτισης ενός πρωτοκόλλου που να εφαρμόζεται σε όλες τις περιπτώσεις καθώς η κάθε περίπτωση είναι μοναδική όσον αφορά τα κεραμικά αντικείμενα ιδιαίτερα εάν προέρχονται από ανασκαφικό περιβάλλον. Όλες οι εργασίες πρέπει να πραγματοποιούνται με σεβασμό στην αισθητική, ιστορική και δομική αρτιότητα του αντικειμένου. Κατά τη διάρκεια των εργασιών οι μέθοδοι και τα υλικά που χρησιμοποιούνται θα πρέπει να έχουν ως στόχο να αναδείξουν την ιστορική πληροφορία. Η εν λόγω μελέτη εκπονήθηκε στο πλαίσιο του πρώτου κύκλου των προπτυχιακών σπουδών μου στο τμήμα Συντήρησης Αρχαιοτήτων και Έργων Τέχνης του Πανεπιστημίου Δυτικής Αττικής και αποτελεί προσπάθεια συνδυασμού γνώσεων της ειδικότητας μου ως Αρχαιολόγου και της νέας ειδικότητας που θα αποκτήσω ως Συντηρήτρια. Σε μελλοντικές έρευνες θα μπορούσε να καταρτιστεί πρωτόκολλο ελέγχου του κινδύνου να ενεργοποιηθούν τα άλατα σε όλα τα στάδια συντήρησης και χειρισμού. Επιπλέον θα μπορούσε να δημιουργηθεί πρωτόκολλο χειρισμού αντικειμένων και κατάλληλης προσαρμογής του σταδίου της αφαλάτωσης ανάλογα με τα χαρακτηριστικά των κεραμικών.
Inducible phosphorylation of I kappa B alpha is not sufficient for its dissociation from NF-kappa B and is inhibited by protease inhibitors.
Creators: name: Finco, T. S.
name: Beg, A. A.
name: Baldwin, A. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: The ubiquitous transcription factor NF-kappa B is regulated by its cytoplasmic inhibitor I kappa B. A variety of cellular stimuli cause the dissociation of NF-kappa B from I kappa B, allowing NF-kappa B to translocate to the nucleus and regulate gene expression. Although the activation of NF-kappa B in vivo is associated with the phosphorylation and degradation of I kappa B alpha, it has remained unclear how each of these events contributes to this process. Recently, studies utilizing protease inhibitors have suggested that the proteolysis of I kappa B alpha is a necessary event in the activation of NF-kappa B. We demonstrate in this study that these and an additional protease inhibitor also completely repress inducible phosphorylation of I kappa B alpha. This surprising result suggests a more complex role of proteases in NF-kappa B activation. In addition, data presented here indicate that many of these inhibitors also directly modify NF-kappa B and inhibit its DNA binding activity. Due to the pleiotropic effects of these protease inhibitors, it is difficult to conclude from their use how I kappa B alpha phosphorylation and degradation contribute to NF-kappa B activation. In the present study, a more direct approach demonstrates that phosphorylation of I kappa B alpha alone is not sufficient for NF-kappa B activation.