cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Neuronal Alignment On Asymmetric Textured Surfaces
Creators: name: Beighley, Ross
name: Spedden, Elise M.
name: Sekeroglu, Koray
name: Atherton, Timothy
name: Demirel, Melik C.
name: Staii, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Axonal growth and the formation of synaptic connections are key steps in the development of the nervous system. Here we present experimental and theoretical results on axonal growth and interconnectivity in order to elucidate some of the basic rules that neuronal cells use for functional connections with one another. We demonstrate that a unidirectional nanotextured surface can bias axonal growth. We perform a systematic investigation of neuronal processes on asymmetric surfaces and quantify the role that biomechanical surface cues play in neuronal growth. These results represent an important step towards engineering directed axonal growth for neuro-regeneration studies.
Solving Toda field theories and related algebraic and differential properties
Creators: name: Nie, Zhaohu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Toda field theories are important integrable systems. They can be regarded as constrained WZNW models, and this viewpoint helps to give their explicit general solutions, especially when a Drinfeld-Sokolov gauge is used. The main objective of this paper is to carry out this approach of solving the Toda field theories for the classical Lie algebras. In this process, we discover and prove some algebraic identities for principal minors of special matrices. The known elegant solutions of Leznov fit in our scheme in the sense that they are the general solutions to our conditions discovered in this solving process. To prove this, we find and prove some differential identities for iterated integrals. It can be said that altogether our paper gives complete mathematical proofs for Leznov's solutions.
Self-field effects in window-type Josephson tunnel junctions
Creators: name: Monaco, Roberto
name: Koshelets, Valery P.
name: Mukhortova, Anna
name: Mygin, Jesper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of Josephson devices are strongly affected by geometrical effects such as those associated with the magnetic field induced by the bias current. The generally adopted analysis of Owen and Scalapino [{\it Phys. Rev.}{\bf 164}, 538 (1967)] for the critical current, $I_c$, of an in-line Josephson tunnel junction in presence of an in-plane external magnetic field, $H_e$, is revisited and extended to junctions whose electrodes can be thin and of different materials. We demonstrate that the asymmetry of the magnetic diffraction pattern, $I_c(H_e)$, is ascribed to the different electrode inductances for which we provide empirical expressions. We also generalize the modeling to the window-type junctions used nowadays and discuss how to take advantage of the asymmetric behavior in the realization of some superconducting devices. Further we report a systematic investigation of the diffraction patterns of in-line window-type junctions having a number of diverse geometrical configurations and made of dissimilar materials. The experimental results are found in agreement with the predictions and clearly demonstrate that the pattern asymmetry increases with the difference in the electrode inductances.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, regular paper
Electronic excitation energies of molecular systems from the Bethe-Salpeter equation: Example of the H2 molecule
Creators: name: Rebolini, Elisa
name: Toulouse, Julien
name: Savin, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) approach to the calculation of electronic excitation energies of molecular systems. We recall the general Green's function many-theory formalism and give the working equations of the BSE approach within the static GW approximation with and without spin adaptation in an orbital basis. We apply the method to the pedagogical example of the H2 molecule in a minimal basis, testing the effects of the choice of the starting one-particle Green's function. Using the non-interacting one-particle Green's function leads to incorrect energy curves for the first singlet and triplet excited states in the dissociation limit. Starting from the exact one-particle Green's function leads to a qualitatively correct energy curve for the first singlet excited state, but still an incorrect energy curve for the triplet excited state. Using the exact one-particle Green's function in the BSE approach within the static GW approximation also leads to a number of additional excitations, all of them being spurious except for one which can be identified as a double excitation corresponding to the second singlet excited state.
Asynchronous Fully-Decentralized SGD in the Cluster-Based Model
Creators: name: Attiya, Hagit
name: Schiller, Noa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents fault-tolerant asynchronous Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) algorithms. SGD is widely used for approximating the minimum of a cost function $Q$, as a core part of optimization and learning algorithms. Our algorithms are designed for the cluster-based model, which combines message-passing and shared-memory communication layers. Processes may fail by crashing, and the algorithm inside each cluster is wait-free, using only reads and writes. For a strongly convex function $Q$, our algorithm tolerates any number of failures, and provides convergence rate that yields the maximal distributed acceleration over the optimal convergence rate of sequential SGD. For arbitrary functions, the convergence rate has an additional term that depends on the maximal difference between the parameters at the same iteration. (This holds under standard assumptions on $Q$.) In this case, the algorithm obtains the same convergence rate as sequential SGD, up to a logarithmic factor. This is achieved by using, at each iteration, a multidimensional approximate agreement algorithm, tailored for the cluster-based model. The algorithm for arbitrary functions requires that at least a majority of the clusters contain at least one nonfaulty process. We prove that this condition is necessary when optimizing some non-convex functions.
Noncoplanar multi-k states in frustrated spinel and kagome magnets
Creators: name: Zhitomirsky, M. E.
name: Gvozdikova, M. V.
name: Ziman, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate analytically and numerically the classical ground states of frustrated Heisenberg models on pyrochlore and kagome lattices in zero and finite magnetic fields. Each model has a wide region in the microscopic parameter space, where the propagation vector is turned to a commensurate position equal to a half of the reciprocal lattice vector with a nontrivial star. Within these regions the zero-field ground states for both models correspond to noncoplanar triple-k spin configurations. A universal appearance of the 3-k states can be related to the spin-space dimensionality. A strong magnetic field freezes the longitudinal spin component reducing the spin-space dimensionality. Accordingly, we find transitions into the double-k magnetic structures induced by applied field for both spin models. The predicted transition between 3-k and 2-k states may explain the hitherto unexplained transitions observed experimentally in cubic spinels GeNi2O4 and GeCo2O4 under magnetic field.
description: 10+ pages, submitted to the memorial issue for I. E. Dzyaloshinskii, Annals of Physics
Search for Spontaneous Radiation from Wavefunction Collapse in the Majorana Demonstrator
Creators: name: Arnquist, I. J.
name: Avignone, F. T.
name: Barabash, A. S.
name: Barton, C. J.
name: Blalock, E.
name: Bos, B.
name: Busch, M.
name: Buuck, M.
name: Caldwell, T. S.
name: Chan, Y-D.
name: Christofferson, C. D.
name: Chu, P. -H.
name: Clark, M. L.
name: Cuesta, C.
name: Detwiler, J. A.
name: Efremenko, Yu.
name: Ejiri, H.
name: Elliott, S. R.
name: Giovanetti, G. K.
name: Green, M. P.
name: Gruszko, J.
name: Guinn, I. S.
name: Guiseppe, V. E.
name: Haufe, C. R.
name: Henning, R.
name: Aguilar, D. Hervas
name: Hoppe, E. W.
name: Hostiuc, A.
name: Kim, I.
name: Kouzes, R. T.
name: Lannen, T. E.
name: Lopez, A. M.
name: López-Castaño, J. M.
name: Martin, E. L.
name: Martin, R. D.
name: Massarczyk, R.
name: Meijer, S. J.
name: Oli, T. K.
name: Othman, G.
name: Paudel, L. S.
name: Pettus, W.
name: Poon, A. W. P.
name: Radford, D. C.
name: Reine, A. L.
name: Rielage, K.
name: Ruof, N. W.
name: Tedeschi, D.
name: Varner, R. L.
name: Vasilyev, S.
name: Wilkerson, J. F.
name: Wiseman, C.
name: Xu, W.
name: Yu, C. -H.
name: Zhu, B. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Majorana Demonstrator neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment comprises a 44 kg (30 kg enriched in $^{76}\mathrm{Ge}$) array of $p$-type, point-contact germanium detectors. With its unprecedented energy resolution and ultralow backgrounds, Majorana also searches for rare event signatures from beyond standard model physics in the low energy region below 100 keV. In this Letter, we test the continuous spontaneous localization (CSL) model, one of the mathematically well-motivated wave function collapse models aimed at solving the long-standing unresolved quantum mechanical measurement problem. While the CSL predicts the existence of a detectable radiation signature in the x-ray domain, we find no evidence of such radiation in the 19--100 keV range in a 37.5 kg-y enriched germanium exposure collected between December 31, 2015, and November 27, 2019, with the Demonstrator. We explored both the non-mass-proportional (n-m-p) and the mass-proportional (m-p) versions of the CSL with two different assumptions: that only the quasifree electrons can emit the x-ray radiation and that the nucleus can coherently emit an amplified radiation. In all cases, we set the most stringent upper limit to date for the white CSL model on the collapse rate, $λ$, providing a factor of 40--100 improvement in sensitivity over comparable searches. Our limit is the most stringent for large parts of the allowed parameter space. If the result is interpreted in terms of the Diòsi-Penrose gravitational wave function collapse model, the lower bound with a 95% confidence level is almost an order of magnitude improvement over the previous best limit.
description: This document was corrected in accordance with the erratum: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.239902. The number presented in the recent version of this article is correct
Generalized Wigner-Yanase Skew Information and the Affiliated Inequality
Creators: name: Yang, Ma-Cheng
name: Qiao, Cong-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A family of skew information quantities is obtained, in which the well-known Wigner-Yanase skew information and quantum Fisher information stand as special cases. A transparent proof of convexity of the generalized skew information is given, implying a simple proof of the Wigner-Yanase-Dyson conjecture. We find in this work an exact skew information inequality for qubit system, which may regard as the information counterpart of the uncertainty relation. A lower bound for generalized skew information of a pair of incompatible observables in arbitrary dimension and also the upper bound for qubit system are achieved.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures
Entropy and complexity analysis of hydrogenic Rydberg atoms
Creators: name: López-Rosa, S.
name: Toranzo, I. V.
name: Sánchez-Moreno, P.
name: Dehesa, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 94A17, 81Q05, 42C05

description: The internal disorder of hydrogenic Rydberg atoms as contained in their position and momentum probability densities is examined by means of the following information-theoretic spreading quantities: the radial and logarithmic expectation values, the Shannon entropy and the Fisher information. As well, the complexity measures of Crámer-Rao, Fisher-Shannon and LMC types are investigated in both reciprocal spaces. The leading term of these quantities is rigorously calculated by use of the asymptotic properties of the concomitant entropic functionals of the Laguerre and Gegenbauer orthogonal polynomials which control the wavefunctions of the Rydberg states in both position and momentum spaces. The associated generalized Heisenberg-like, logarithmic and entropic uncertainty relations are also given. Finally, application to linear ($l=0$), circular ($l=n-1$) and quasicircular ($l=n-2$) states is explicitly done.
description: 17 pages
Dynamical quantum phase transitions from quantum optics perspective
Creators: name: Zakrzewski, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that dynamical quantum phase transitions observed as singularities in the Loschmidt rate singularities bear close resemblance to standard Rabi oscillations known from dynamics of two-level systems. For some many-body systems this analogy may go even further and the behaviour observed for e.g. transverse Ising chain can be directly mapped to such simple dynamics. It is explained why A simple link between Loschmidt echo singularities and quantum scars is suggested.
description: This article belongs to the special issue of Acta Physica Polonica A printed in honor of Professor Iwo Bialynicki-Birula on the occasion of his 90th birthday (Ed. Tomasz Sowinski, DOI:10.12693/APhysPolA.143.S0)
Multivariable Grid-Forming Converters with Direct States Control
Creators: name: Chen, Meng
name: Zhou, Dao
name: Blaabjerg, Frede
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A multi-input multi-output based grid-forming (MIMO-GFM) converter has been proposed using multivariable feedback control, which has been proven as a superior and robust system using low-order controllers. However, the original MIMO-GFM control is easily affected by the high-frequency components especially for the converter without inner cascaded voltage and current loops and when it is connected into a strong grid. This paper proposes an improved MIMO-GFM control method, where the frequency and internal voltage are chosen as state variables to be controlled directly. In this way, the impact of high-frequency components is eliminated without increasing the complexity of the control system. The H-infinity synthesis is used to tune the parameters to obtain an optimized performance. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A Survey on Unsupervised Anomaly Detection Algorithms for Industrial Images
Creators: name: Cui, Yajie
name: Liu, Zhaoxiang
name: Lian, Shiguo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In line with the development of Industry 4.0, surface defect detection/anomaly detection becomes a topical subject in the industry field. Improving efficiency as well as saving labor costs has steadily become a matter of great concern in practice, where deep learning-based algorithms perform better than traditional vision inspection methods in recent years. While existing deep learning-based algorithms are biased towards supervised learning, which not only necessitates a huge amount of labeled data and human labor, but also brings about inefficiency and limitations. In contrast, recent research shows that unsupervised learning has great potential in tackling the above disadvantages for visual industrial anomaly detection. In this survey, we summarize current challenges and provide a thorough overview of recently proposed unsupervised algorithms for visual industrial anomaly detection covering five categories, whose innovation points and frameworks are described in detail. Meanwhile, publicly available datasets for industrial anomaly detection are introduced. By comparing different classes of methods, the advantages and disadvantages of anomaly detection algorithms are summarized. Based on the current research framework, we point out the core issue that remains to be resolved and provide further improvement directions. Meanwhile, based on the latest technological trends, we offer insights into future research directions. It is expected to assist both the research community and industry in developing a broader and cross-domain perspective.
Quantum Advantage in Cryptography
Creators: name: Renner, Renato
name: Wolf, Ramona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ever since its inception, cryptography has been caught in a vicious circle: Cryptographers keep inventing methods to hide information, and cryptanalysts break them, prompting cryptographers to invent even more sophisticated encryption schemes, and so on. But could it be that quantum information technology breaks this circle? At first sight, it looks as if it just lifts the competition between cryptographers and cryptanalysts to the next level. Indeed, quantum computers will render most of today's public key cryptosystems insecure. Nonetheless, there are good reasons to believe that cryptographers will ultimately prevail over cryptanalysts. Quantum cryptography allows us to build communication schemes whose secrecy relies only on the laws of physics and some minimum assumptions about the cryptographic hardware - leaving basically no room for an attack. While we are not yet there, this article provides an overview of the principles and state of the art of quantum cryptography, as well as an assessment of current challenges and prospects for overcoming them.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures, 1 table. To appear in the AIAA journal
Measurement of the nuclear modification factor of $b$-jets in 5.02 TeV Pb+Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a measurement of $b$-jet production in Pb+Pb and $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_\textrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurement uses 260 $\textrm{pb}^{-1}$ of $pp$ collisions collected in 2017 and 1.4 $\textrm{nb}^{-1}$ of Pb+Pb collisions collected in 2018. In both collision systems, jets are reconstructed via the anti-$k_{t}$ algorithm. The $b$-jets are identified from a sample of jets containing muons from the semileptonic decay of $b$-quarks using template fits of the muon momentum relative to the jet axis. In $pp$ collisions, $b$-jets are reconstructed for radius parameters $R= 0.2$ and $R= 0.4$, and only $R= 0.2$ jets are used in Pb+Pb collisions. For comparison, inclusive $R= 0.2$ jets are also measured using 1.7 $\textrm{nb}^{-1}$ of Pb+Pb collisions collected in 2018 and the same $pp$ collision data as the $b$-jet measurement. The nuclear modification factor, $R_\textrm{AA}$, is calculated for both $b$-jets and inclusive jets with $R= 0.2$ over the transverse momentum range of 80--290 GeV. The nuclear modification factor for $b$-jets decreases from peripheral to central collisions. The ratio of the $b$-jet $R_\textrm{AA}$ to inclusive jet $R_\textrm{AA}$ is also presented and suggests that the $R_\textrm{AA}$ for $b$-jets is larger than that for inclusive jets in central Pb+Pb collisions. The measurements are compared with theoretical calculations and suggest a role for mass and colour-charge effects in partonic energy loss in heavy-ion collisions.
description: 29 pages, 11 figures, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HION-2018-24/
Wigner dynamics of quantum semi-relativistic oscillator
Creators: name: Larkin, A. S.
name: Filinov, V. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The integral Wigner - Liouwille equation describing time evolution of the semi-relativistic quantum 1D harmonic oscillator have been exactly solved by combination of the Monte-Carlo procedure and molecular dynamics methods. The strong influence of the relativistic effects on the time evolution of the momentum, velocity and coordinate Wigner distribution functions and the average values of quantum operators have been studied. Unexpected 'protuberances' in time evolution of the distribution functions were observed. Relativistic proper time dilation for oscillator have been calculated.
description: 10 pages, 26 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:hep-th/0110114, arXiv:hep-ph/0501268, arXiv:math-ph/0702082 by other authors
Modelling the non-linear motion of the rat central airways
Creators: name: Rona, Aldo
name: Ibrahim, Gihad
name: Hainsworth, Sarah V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: 91501 Computational Fluid Dynamics
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Advances in volumetric medical imaging techniques allowed the subject-specific modelling of the bronchial flow through the first few generations of the central airways using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). However, a reliable CFD prediction of the bronchial flow requires modelling of the inhomogeneous deformation of the central airways during breathing. This paper addresses this issue by introducing two models of the central airways motion. The first model utilises a node-to-node mapping between the discretised geometries of the central airways generated from a number of successive CT images acquired dynamically (without breath hold) over the breathing cycle of two Sprauge-Dawley rats. The second model uses a node-to-node mapping between only two discretised airway geometries generated from the CT images acquired at end-exhale and at end-inhale along with the ventilator measurement of the lung volume change. The advantage of this second model is that it uses just one pair of CT images, which more readily complies with the radiation dosage restrictions for humans. Three-dimensional computer aided design geometries of the central airways generated from the dynamic-CT images were used as benchmarks to validate the output from the two models at sampled time-points over the breathing cycle. The central airway geometries deformed by the first model showed good agreement to the benchmark geometries within a tolerance of 4%. The central airway geometry deformed by the second model better approximated the benchmark geometries than previous approaches that used a linear or harmonic motion model.
Termite-hill: From natural to artificial termites in sensor networks
Creators: name: Zungeru, A. M.
name: Ang, L. -M.
name: Seng, K. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Termites present a very good natural metaphor to evolutionary computation. While each individuals computational power is small compared to more evolved species, it is the power of their colonies that inspires communication engineers. This paper presents a study of artificial termites in sensor networks for the purpose of solving its routing problem. The behaviors of each of the termites in their colony allow their simulation in a restricted environment. The simulating behavior demonstrates how the termites make use of an auto-catalytic behavior in order to collectively find a solution for a posed problem in reasonable time. The derived algorithm termed Termite-hill demonstrates the principle of termites behavior to routing problem solving in the real applications of sensor networks. The performance of the algorithm was tested on static and dynamic sink scenarios. The results as compared with other routing algorithms and with varying network density show that Termite-hill is scalable and improved on network energy consumption with a control over best-effort-service.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures
Counting Markov Equivalent Directed Acyclic Graphs Consistent with Background Knowledge
Creators: name: Sharma, Vidya Sagar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A polynomial-time exact algorithm for counting the number of directed acyclic graphs in a Markov equivalence class was recently given by Wienöbst, Bannach, and Liśkiewicz (AAAI 2021). In this paper, we consider the more general problem of counting the number of directed acyclic graphs in a Markov equivalence class when the directions of some of the edges are also fixed (this setting arises, for example, when interventional data is partially available). This problem has been shown in earlier work to be complexity-theoretically hard. In contrast, we show that the problem is nevertheless tractable in an interesting class of instances, by establishing that it is ``fixed-parameter tractable''. In particular, our counting algorithm runs in time that is bounded by a polynomial in the size of the graph, where the degree of the polynomial does \emph{not} depend upon the number of additional edges provided as input.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure, and 2 tables
The generalized lognormal distribution and the Stieltjes moment problem
Creators: name: Kleiber, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Primary 60E05, Secondary 44A60

description: This paper studies a Stieltjes-type moment problem defined by the generalized lognormal distribution, a heavy-tailed distribution with applications in economics, finance and related fields. It arises as the distribution of the exponential of a random variable following a generalized error distribution, and hence figures prominently in the EGARCH model of asset price volatility. Compared to the classical lognormal distribution it has an additional shape parameter. It emerges that moment (in)determinacy depends on the value of this parameter: for some values, the distribution does not have finite moments of all orders, hence the moment problem is not of interest in these cases. For other values, the distribution has moments of all orders, yet it is moment-indeterminate. Finally, a limiting case is supported on a bounded interval, and hence determined by its moments. For those generalized lognormal distributions that are moment-indeterminate Stieltjes classes of moment-equivalent distributions are presented.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
Hydrostatic strain enhancement in laterally confined SiGe nanostripes
Creators: name: Vanacore, G. M.
name: Chaigneau, M.
name: Barrett, N.
name: Bollani, M.
name: Boioli, F.
name: Salvalaglio, M.
name: Montalenti, F.
name: Manini, N.
name: Caramella, L.
name: Biagioni, P.
name: Chrastina, D.
name: Isella, G.
name: Renault, O.
name: Zani, M.
name: Sordan, R.
name: Onida, G.
name: Ossikovski, R.
name: Drouhin, H. -J.
name: Tagliaferri, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strain-engineering in SiGe nanostructures is fundamental for the design of optoelectronic devices at the nanoscale. Here we explore a new strategy, where SiGe structures are laterally confined by the Si substrate, to obtain high tensile strain avoiding the use of external stressors, and thus improving the scalability. Spectro-microscopy techniques, finite element method simulations and ab initio calculations are used to investigate the strain state of laterally confined Ge-rich SiGe nano-stripes. Strain information is obtained by tip enhanced Raman spectroscopy with an unprecedented lateral resolution of ~ 30 nm. The nano-stripes exhibit a large tensile hydrostatic strain component, which is maximum at the center of the top free surface, and becomes very small at the edges. The maximum lattice deformation is larger than the typical values of thermally relaxed Ge/Si(001) layers. This strain enhancement originates from a frustrated relaxation in the out-of-plane direction, resulting from the combination of the lateral confinement induced by the substrate side walls and the plastic relaxation of the misfit strain in the (001) plane at the SiGe/Si interface. The effect of this tensile lattice deformation at the stripe surface is probed by work function mapping, performed with a spatial resolution better than 100 nm using X-ray photoelectron emission microscopy. The nano-stripes exhibit a positive work function shift with respect to a bulk SiGe alloy, quantitatively confirmed by electronic structure calculations of tensile strained configurations. The present results have a potential impact on the design of optoelectronic devices at a nanometer length scale.
description: 40 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Physical Review B
Transport properties and electrical device characteristics with the TiMeS computational platform: application in silicon nanowires
Creators: name: Sharma, Dimpy
name: Ansari, Lida
name: Feldman, Baruch
name: Iakovidis, Marios
name: Greer, James
name: Fagas, Giorgos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanoelectronics requires the development of a priori technology evaluation for materials and device design that takes into account quantum physical effects and the explicit chemical nature at the atomic scale. Here, we present a cross-platform quantum transport computation tool. Using first-principles electronic structure, it allows for flexible and efficient calculations of materials transport properties and realistic device simulations to extract current-voltage and transfer characteristics. We apply this computational method to the calculation of the mean free path in silicon nanowires with dopant and surface oxygen impurities. The dependence of transport on basis set is established, with the optimized double zeta polarized basis giving a reasonable compromise between converged results and efficiency. The current-voltage characteristics of ultrascaled (3 nm length) nanowire-based transistors with p-i-p and p-n-p doping profiles are also investigated. It is found that charge self-consistency affects the device characteristics more significantly than the choice of the basis set. These devices yield source-drain tunneling currents in the range of 0.5 nA (p-n-p junction) to 2 nA (p-i-p junction), implying that junctioned transistor designs at these length scales would likely fail to keep carriers out of the channel in the off-state.
DSME-LoRa: Seamless Long Range Communication Between Arbitrary Nodes in the Constrained IoT
Creators: name: Álamos, José
name: Kietzmann, Peter
name: Schmidt, Thomas
name: Wählisch, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Long range radio communication is preferred in many IoT deployments as it avoids the complexity of multi-hop wireless networks. LoRa is a popular, energy-efficient wireless modulation but its networking substrate LoRaWAN introduces severe limitations to its users. In this paper, we present and thoroughly analyze DSME-LoRa, a system design of LoRa with IEEE 802.15.4 DSME as a MAC layer. DSME-LoRa offers the advantage of seamless client-to-client communication beyond the pure gateway-centric transmission of LoRaWAN. We evaluate its feasibility via a full-stack implementation on the popular RIOT operating system, assess its steady-state packet flows in an analytical stochastic Markov model, and quantify its scalability in massive communication scenarios using large scale network simulations. Our findings indicate that DSME-LoRa is indeed a powerful approach that opens LoRa to standard network layers and outperforms LoRaWAN in many dimensions.
description: 44 pages (incl. References), 27 figures,8 tables
The air shower maximum probed by Cherenkov effects from radio emission
Creators: name: de Vries, Krijn D.
name: Scholten, Olaf
name: Werner, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio detection of cosmic-ray-induced air showers has come to a flight the last decade. Along with the experimental efforts, several theoretical models were developed. The main radio-emission mechanisms are established to be the geomagnetic emission due to deflection of electrons and positrons in Earth's magnetic field and the charge-excess emission due to a net electron excess in the air shower front. It was only recently shown that Cherenkov effects play an important role in the radio emission from air showers. In this article we show the importance of these effects to extract quantitatively the position of the shower maximum from the radio signal, which is a sensitive measure for the mass of the initial cosmic ray. We also show that the relative magnitude of the charge-excess and geomagnetic emission changes considerably at small observer distances where Cherenkov effects apply.
Alpenröschen : eine Auswahl leichter zwei- und dreistimmiger Lieder für die Jugend in Schule und Haus
Creators: name: Bieri, Samuel Sigmund
Publisher: name: Druck und Verlag von K.J. Wyss
Year: 1877

description: bearbeitet und herausgegeben von S.S. Bieri, Sekundarlehrer in Interlaken
description: Erscheinungsjahr dem Vorwort entnommen
Quasi-compactons and bistability in exciton-polariton condensates
Creators: name: Kartashov, Yaroslav V.
name: Konotop, Vladimir V.
name: Torner, Lluis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address stationary patterns in exciton-polariton condensates supported by a narrow external pump beam, and we discover that even in the absence of trapping potentials, such condensates may support stable localized stationary dissipative solutions (quasi-compactons), whose field decays faster than exponentially or even vanishes everywhere outside the pump spot. More general conditions lead to dissipative solitons which may display bistability. The bistability in exciton-polariton condensates, which manifests itself in simultaneous existence of two stable and one unstable localized solitons with different amplitudes, widths, and exciton-photon fractions under the same physical conditions, strongly depends on the width of pump beam and is found to disappear for sufficiently narrow pump beams.
Antiferromagnetic real-space configuration probed by dichroism in scattered x-ray beams with orbital angular momentum
Creators: name: McCarter, Margaret R.
name: Saleheen, Ahmad I. U.
name: Singh, Arnab
name: Tumbleson, Ryan
name: Woods, Justin S.
name: Tremsin, Anton S.
name: Scholl, Andreas
name: De Long, Lance E.
name: Hastings, J. Todd
name: Morley, Sophie A.
name: Roy, Sujoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) are a promising tool for x-ray characterization techniques. Beams with OAM have a helicity--an azimuthally varying phase--which leads to a gradient of the light field. New material properties can be probed by utilizing the helicity of an OAM beam. Here, we demonstrate a novel dichroic effect in resonant diffraction from an artificial antiferromagnet with a topological defect. We found that the scattered OAM beam has circular dichroism at the antiferromagnetic Bragg peak whose sign is coupled to its helicity, which reveals the real-space configuration of the antiferromagnetic ground state. Thermal cycling of the artificial antiferromagnet can change the ground state, as indicated by reversal of the sign of circular dichroism. This result is one of the first demonstrations of a soft x-ray spectroscopy characterization technique utilizing the OAM of x-rays. This helicity-dependent circular dichroism exemplifies the potential to utilize OAM beams to probe matter in a way that is inaccessible using currently available x-ray techniques.
Voltage control of electron-nuclear spin correlation time in a single quantum dot
Creators: name: Nilsson, J.
name: Bouet, L.
name: Bennett, A. J.
name: Amand, T.
name: Stevenson, R. M.
name: Farrer, I.
name: Ritchie, D. A.
name: Kunz, S.
name: Marie, X.
name: Shields, A. J.
name: Urbaszek, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate bias control of the hyperfine coupling between a single electron in an InAs quantum dot and the surrounding nuclear spins monitored through the positively charged exciton X+ emission. In applied longitudinal magnetic fields we vary simultaneously the correlation time of the hyperfine interaction and the nuclear spin relaxation time and thereby the amplitude of the achieved dynamic nuclear polarization under optical pumping conditions. In applied transverse magnetic fields a change in the applied bias allows to switch from the anomalous Hanle effect to the standard electron spin depolarization curves.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Lessons learnt in setting up a lean institutional repository
Creators: name: Murugesan, Ravi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Auroville is an international township in South India. Over the past five decades, Auroville residents have carried out experiments in a variety of domains, for example, afforestation, water conservation, earthen architecture, collective organisation, waste management, and education. Auroville also attracts researchers from abroad. As a result of these endeavours, there is a large volume of theses, peer-reviewed publications, and grey literature. These are gradually being added to the new Auroville Repository, or AuroRepo (aurorepo.in). AuroRepo is powered by EPrints and runs on a cost-effective cloud server. In this presentation, I share the lessons we have learnt so far in setting up and using the repository.
Antiferromagnetic resonance in $α$-Fe$_2$O$_3$ up to its Néel temperature
Creators: name: Białek, M.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Yu, H.
name: Ansermet, J. -Ph.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hematite ($α$-Fe$_2$O$_3$) is an antiferromagnetic material with a very low spin damping and high Néel temperature. The temperature dependence of the antiferromagnetic resonance in a bulk single crystal of hematite was characterized from room temperature up to the Néel temperature in the frequency range of 0.19-0.5 THz. From these data, the Néel temperature was estimated as 966 K.
Electronic excitations from a linear-response range-separated hybrid scheme
Creators: name: Rebolini, Elisa
name: Savin, Andreas
name: Toulouse, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study linear-response time-dependent density-functional theory (DFT) based on the single-determinant range-separated hybrid (RSH) scheme, i.e. combining a long-range Hartree-Fock exchange kernel with a short-range DFT exchange-correlation kernel, for calculating electronic excitation energies of molecular systems. It is an alternative to the long-range correction (LC) scheme which has a standard full-range DFT correlation kernel instead of only a short-range one. We discuss the local-density approximation (LDA) to the short-range exchange-correlation kernel, and assess the performance of the linear-response RSH scheme for singlet-singlet and singlet-triplet valence and Rydberg excitations in the N2, CO, H2CO, C2H4, and C6H6 molecules, and for the first charge-transfer excitation in the C2H4-C2F4 dimer. The introduction of long-range HF exchange corrects the underestimation of charge-transfer and high-lying Rydberg excitation energies obtained with standard (semi)local density-functional approximations, but also leads to underestimated excitation energies to low-lying spin-triplet valence states which can be cured by the Tamm-Dancoff approximation. This work thus suggests that the present linear-response RSH scheme is a reasonable starting approximation for describing electronic excitation energies, even before adding an explicit treatment of long-range correlation.
Centralisers, complex reflection groups and actions in the Weyl group $E_6$
Creators: name: Niblo, Graham A.
name: Plymen, Roger
name: Wright, Nick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 20G41, 20G07, secondary: 20G05, 20G10

description: The compact, connected Lie group $E_6$ admits two forms: simply connected and adjoint type. As we previously established, the Baum-Connes isomorphism relates the two Langlands dual forms, giving a duality between the equivariant K-theory of the Weyl group acting on the corresponding maximal tori. Our study of the $A_n$ case showed that this duality persists at the level of homotopy, not just homology. In this paper we compute the extended quotients of maximal tori for the two forms of $E_6$, showing that the homotopy equivalences of sectors established in the $A_n$ case also exist here, leading to a conjecture that the homotopy equivalences always exist for Langlands dual pairs. In computing these sectors we show that centralisers in the $E_6$ Weyl group decompose as direct products of reflection groups, generalising Springer's results for regular elements, and we develop a pairing between the component groups of fixed sets generalising Reeder's results. As a further application we compute the $K$-theory of the reduced Iwahori-spherical $C^*$-algebra of the p-adic group $E_6$, which may be of adjoint type or simply connected.
description: J. Homotopy Relat. Struct. (2023)
Daytime sub-ambient radiative cooling with vivid structural colors mediated by coupled nanocavities
Creators: name: Jin, Shenghao
name: Xiao, Ming
name: Zhang, Wenbin
name: Wang, Boxiang
name: Zhao, Changying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Daytime radiative cooling is a promising passive cooling technology for combating global warming. Existing daytime radiative coolers usually show whitish colors due to their broadband high solar reflectivity, which severely impedes applications in real-life situations with aesthetic demands and effective display. However, there is a trade-off between vivid colors and high cooling performance because colors are often produced by absorption of visible light, decreasing net cooling power. To break this trade-off, we design multilayered structures with coupled nanocavities and produce structural colors with high cooling performance. Using this design, we can obtain colorful radiative coolers which show a larger color gamut (occupying 17.7% sRGB area) than reported ones. We further fabricate colorful multilayered radiative coolers (CMRCs) and demonstrate they have temperature drops of 3.4 - 4.4 degrees on average based on outdoor experiments. These CMRCs are promising in thermal management of electronic/optoelectronic devices and outdoor facilities.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures. Comments are welcome. Supporting Material is available upon request
title: Trauma and Self in the Soviet Context: Remarks on Gulag Writings
Creators: name: Gullotta, Andrea
Publisher: name: AvtobiografiЯ
Year: 2012

description: The present paper is a first reflection on the ideal approaches to study the corpus of lagernaia memuaristika. The author proposes the novel concept of ‘Soviet repression literature’ as a new key concept to study the whole corpus of literature related to Soviet repression under a genre perspective. In this context, the author stretches the peculiarities of Gulag memoirs in relation to the corpus of Soviet repression literature, and underlines how trauma studies and autobiographical studies might help assessing the corpus.
Active cancellation of servo-induced noise on stabilized lasers via feedforward
Creators: name: Li, Lintao
name: Huie, William
name: Chen, Neville
name: DeMarco, Brian
name: Covey, Jacob P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many precision laser applications require active frequency stabilization. However, such stabilization loops operate by pushing noise to frequencies outside their bandwidth, leading to large "servo bumps" that can have deleterious effects for certain applications. The prevailing approach to filtering this noise is to pass the laser through a high finesse optical cavity, which places constraints on the system design. Here, we propose and demonstrate a different approach where a frequency error signal is derived from a beat note between the laser and the light that passes through the reference cavity. The phase noise derived from this beat note is fed forward to an electro-optic modulator after the laser, carefully accounting for relative delay, for real-time frequency correction. With a Hz-linewidth laser, we show $\gtrsim20$ dB noise suppression at the peak of the servo bump ($\approx250$ kHz), and a noise suppression bandwidth of $\approx5$ MHz -- well beyond the servo bump. By simulating the Rabi dynamics of a two-level atom with our measured data, we demonstrate substantial improvements to the pulse fidelity over a wide range of Rabi frequencies. Our approach offers a simple and versatile method for obtaining a clean spectrum of a narrow linewidth laser, as required in many emerging applications of cold atoms, and is readily compatible with commercial systems that may even include wavelength conversion.