cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The role of native defects in the transport of charge and mass and the decomposition of Li$_{4}$BN$_{3}$H$_{10}$
Creators: name: Hoang, Khang
name: Janotti, Anderson
name: Van de Walle, Chris G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Li$_{4}$BN$_{3}$H$_{10}$ is of great interest for hydrogen storage and for lithium-ion battery solid electrolytes because of its high hydrogen content and high lithium-ion conductivity, respectively. The practical hydrogen storage application of this complex hydride is, however, limited due to irreversibility and cogeneration of ammonia (NH$_{3}$) during the decomposition. We report a first-principles density-functional theory study of native point defects and defect complexes in Li$_{4}$BN$_{3}$H$_{10}$, and propose an atomistic mechanism for the material's decomposition that involves mass transport mediated by native defects. In light of this specific mechanism, we argue that the release of NH$_{3}$ is associated with the formation and migration of negatively charged hydrogen vacancies inside the material, and it can be manipulated by the incorporation of suitable electrically active impurities. We also find that Li$_{4}$BN$_{3}$H$_{10}$ is prone to Frenkel disorder on the Li sublattice; lithium vacancies and interstitials are highly mobile and play an important role in mass transport and ionic conduction.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Extracellular vesicles in a maze of glycomic complexity
Creators: name: Danilović Luković, Jelena
name: Janković, Tamara
name: Mitić, Ninoslav
name: Goč, Sanja
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: extracellular vesicle
glycans
prostasomes
seminal plasma
tetraspanin

description: Summary. The carbohydrate portion of proteins and lipids mediates a variety of biological processes. Revealing their underlying principles is a challenging task that could contribute to a better understanding of many patho/physiological conditions. On the other hand, the interest in extracellular vesicles (EVs) has increased in recent years due to their involvement in intercellular communication leading to an array of functional and structural changes in recipient cells. Their characterization uncovered an exceptional diversity in size, morphology, as well as in membrane and cargo content. Monitoring/analysis of surface glycosylation of EVs originating from the prostate, termed prostasomes, revealed their substantial contribution to the complexity of seminal plasma (SP) glycome. Heterogeneity of surface glycans confirm the existence of several prostasome subpopulations. Presentation of surface glycans on prostasomal membrane is strongly affected by co-localized membrane-associated glycoproteins and tetraspanins. They appear to be organized in established/regular distribution patterns on membrane domains. Surface glycans are a component of EVs membrane that affects its functionality and potentially a distinction marker of prostasome subpopulations. Further understanding of the complex composition of glycans on EVs might explain the relation of their structure with functional alterations in distinct patho/physiological conditions.
Strong non-linearity-induced correlations for counter-propagating photons scattering on a two-level emitter
Creators: name: Nysteen, Anders
name: McCutcheon, Dara P. S.
name: Mørk, Jesper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analytically treat the scattering of two counter-propagating photons on a two-level emitter embedded in an optical waveguide. We find that the non-linearity of the emitter can give rise to significant pulse-dependent directional correlations in the scattered photonic state, which could be quantified via a reduction in coincident clicks in a Hong-Ou-Mandel measurement setup, analogous to a linear beam splitter. Changes to the spectra and phase of the scattered photons, however, would lead to reduced interference with other photons when implemented in a larger optical circuit. We introduce suitable fidelity measures which account for these changes, and find that high values can still be achieved even when accounting for all properties of the scattered photonic state.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Effect of pressure on the resistivity and Hall coefficient of amorphous metallic alloys
Creators: name: Lazarus, D.
name: McNeil, L.E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1983

description: Measurements have been made of the resistivity as a function of hydrostatic pressure in the range 0-5 kbar in the temperature interval 180-330 K for the amorphous alloys Fe80B20(Metglas 2605), Fe19Ni61P14B6, Fe32Ni36Cr14P12B6 (Metglas 2826A), Pd82Si18, and Cu42Zr58. Measurements of the Hall coefficient were also made in Fe19Ni61P14B6 and Metglas 2826A. The pressure coefficients of resistivity were uniformly negative and, with the exception of Fe80B20, insensitive to temperature. The contributions of thermal and magnetic scattering to the resistivity are negligible. The simple formulation of the Ziman theory is found to be inadequate to account for the observed pressure dependence of the resistivity.
Phenomenology of Induced Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
Creators: name: Chang, Spencer
name: Galloway, Jamison
name: Luty, Markus
name: Salvioni, Ennio
name: Tsai, Yuhsin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phenomenology of models of electroweak symmetry breaking where the Higgs potential is dominated by a positive quadratic term destabilized by a tadpole arising from the coupling to an "auxiliary" Higgs sector. The auxiliary Higgs sector can be either perturbative or strongly coupled, similar to technicolor models. Since electroweak symmetry breaking is driven by a tadpole, the cubic and quartic Higgs couplings can naturally be significantly smaller than their values in the standard model. The theoretical motivation for these models is that they can explain the 125 GeV Higgs mass in supersymmetry without fine-tuning. The auxiliary Higgs sector contains additional Higgs states that cannot decouple from standard model particles, so these models predict a rich phenomenology of Higgs physics beyond the standard model. In this paper we analyze a large number of direct and indirect constraints on these models. We present the current constraints after the 8 TeV run of the LHC, and give projections for the sensitivity of the upcoming 14 TeV run. We find that the strongest constraints come from the direct searches $A^0 \to Zh$, $A^0 \to t\bar{t}$, with weaker constraints from Higgs coupling fits. For strongly-coupled models, additional constraints come from $ρ^+ \to WZ$ where $ρ^+$ is a vector resonance. Our overall conclusion is that a significant parameter space for such models is currently open, allowing values of the Higgs cubic coupling down to 0.4 times the standard model value for weakly coupled models and vanishing cubic coupling for strongly coupled models. The upcoming 14 TeV run of the LHC will stringently test this scenario and we identify several new searches with discovery potential for this class of models.
description: 35 pages, 10 figures
Genome-resolved metatranscriptomics investigates the influence of carbon source complexity on microbial activity of aerobic granular sludge
Creators: name: Saini, Jaspreet Singh
name: Cardona, Laëtitia
name: Adler, Aline
name: Ramírez, Pilar Natalia Rodilla
name: Ruizhe Pei
name: Maillard, Julien
name: Holliger, Christof
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biofilm, Aerobic granular sludge, Carbon, Metagenomics, Metatranscriptomics, Wastewater treatment

description: Poster Abstract: Swiss Society for Microbiology (SSM), 30-31 August 2023, CHUV Lausanne, Switzerland Aerobic granular sludge (AGS), a granule-forming, microbially driven process, is an emerging alternative for wastewater treatment. These AGS microbial communities have been widely studied using laboratory sequencing batch reactors (SBR) fed with volatile fatty acids (VFAs). However, VFAs are simple and easily degradable carbon substrates, in contrast to the carbon source complexity of wastewater. Our understanding of how different carbon sources modulate microbial activity and metabolism in aerobic granular sludge is limited. In this study, a column reactor in SBR mode was started using VFAs as a carbon source. The carbon source was then complexified by adding the first complex monomeric (CM) and complex polymeric substrates (CP). The return to simple carbon sources has also been studied. Genome-resolved metatranscriptomics was used to examine the overall activity of the microbial community and to investigate how the main metabolic pathways, such as dephosphatation, denitrification, and fermentation, were affected by different carbon sources. The preliminary results from this study suggest that Candidatus Accumulibacter species are amongst the top active members in complex monomeric and volatile fatty acids, whereas Azonexus species dominates in complex polymeric. Principal component analysis suggests that the change in carbon sources drives the activity of microorganisms in aerobic granular sludge and warrants further investigation into their metabolism.  
Employing similarity to highlight differences: On the impact of anatomical assumptions in chest X-ray registration methods
Creators: name: Berg, Astrid
name: Vandersmissen, Eva
name: Wimmer, Maria
name: Major, David
name: Neubauer, Theresa
name: Lenis, Dimitrios
name: Cant, Jeroen
name: Snoeckx, Annemiek
name: Bühler, Katja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.1

description: To facilitate both the detection and the interpretation of findings in chest X-rays, comparison with a previous image of the same patient is very valuable to radiologists. Today, the most common approach for deep learning methods to automatically inspect chest X-rays disregards the patient history and classifies only single images as normal or abnormal. Nevertheless, several methods for assisting in the task of comparison through image registration have been proposed in the past. However, as we illustrate, they tend to miss specific types of pathological changes like cardiomegaly and effusion. Due to assumptions on fixed anatomical structures or their measurements of registration quality, they produce unnaturally deformed warp fields impacting visualization of differences between moving and fixed images. We aim to overcome these limitations, through a new paradigm based on individual rib pair segmentation for anatomy penalized registration. Our method proves to be a natural way to limit the folding percentage of the warp field to 1/6 of the state of the art while increasing the overlap of ribs by more than 25%, implying difference images showing pathological changes overlooked by other methods. We develop an anatomically penalized convolutional multi-stage solution on the National Institutes of Health (NIH) data set, starting from less than 25 fully and 50 partly labeled training images, employing sequential instance memory segmentation with hole dropout, weak labeling, coarse-to-fine refinement and Gaussian mixture model histogram matching. We statistically evaluate the benefits of our method and highlight the limits of currently used metrics for registration of chest X-rays.
Resolved Millimeter Emission from the HD 15115 Debris Disk
Creators: name: MacGregor, Meredith A.
name: Wilner, David J.
name: Andrews, Sean M.
name: Hughes, A. Meredith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the Submillimeter Array (SMA) to make 1.3 millimeter observations of the debris disk surrounding HD 15115, an F-type star with a putative membership in the beta Pictoris moving group. This nearly edge-on debris disk shows an extreme asymmetry in optical scattered light, with an extent almost two times larger to the west of the star than to the east (originally dubbed the "Blue Needle"). The SMA observations reveal resolved emission that we model as a circumstellar belt of thermal dust emission. This belt extends to a radius of ~110 AU, coincident with the break in the scattered light profile convincingly seen on the western side of the disk. This outer edge location is consistent with the presence of an underlying population of dust-producing planetesimals undergoing a collisional cascade, as hypothesized in "birth ring" theory. In addition, the millimeter emission shows a ~3 sigma feature aligned with the asymmetric western extension of the scattered light disk. If this millimeter extension is real, then mechanisms for asymmetry that affect only small grains, such as interactions with interstellar gas, are disfavored. This tentative feature might be explained by secular perturbations to grain orbits introduced by neutral gas drag, as previously invoked to explain asymmetric morphologies of other, similar debris disks.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Hierarchical aging pathways and signatures of thermodynamic transition in molecular glasses [小分子玻璃中的分层老化路径和热力学转变迹象]
Creators: name: Wu, Y.
name: Liu, S.
name: Liu, L.
name: Yu, Y.
Publisher: name: Science in China Press
Year: 2019

description: When a liquid is supercooled, its structural equilibration time τeq increases sharply approaching the glass transition temperature Tg, below which it is kinetically arrested in the out of equilibrium glassy state. Upon annealing below Tg, such glassy state relaxes toward the equilibrium state. There is growing evidence that such relaxation process is quite complex, influenced by the complexity of the potential energy landscape. Here we report the observation of a hierarchical aging pathway in the process of the glass-to-supercooled liquid transition in various molecular glass forming systems. Differential scanning calorimetry reveals that the glassy state upon annealing below Tg firstly enters a transient metastable supercooled liquid state with slightly higher enthalpies than that of the equilibrium supercooled liquid state when extrapolated to below Tg. This observation is also confirmed by structural measurements via Raman scattering. The dynamics of the transient metastable-to-stable supercooled liquid transition exhibits characteristics of thermodynamic transition at spinodal temperature Tsp slightly above Tg, leading to anomalous behaviors such as the appearance of a transition-like behavior in the plot of fragility measurements. These observations imply that the free energy landscape of the supercooled liquid develops complexity with qualitative changes approaching Tg and could have strong influence on the process of the glass transition.
Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Characteristics of Reservoir Rocks Quantified by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Detected Water Isotherms
Creators: name: Song, Y.
name: Kwak, H.T.
name: Wu, Y.
name: Kleinhammes, A.
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society
Year: 2019

description: Accurate determination of rock wettability is crucial for evaluating petroleum reserves and optimizing oil production. Reservoir rocks, formations that contain accumulations of oil or gas, often comprise a large collection of mineral types and a wide range of pore sizes. This heterogeneity makes it difficult to measure the wettability of reservoir rocks by conventional techniques, such as contact angle measurement. Here, we resolve this problem by applying an in situ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) adsorption isotherm technique. Investigations of glass bead phantoms demonstrate that NMR-detected isotherms are capable of distinguishing between hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces within the pore network. This NMR-based isotherm methodology is further applied to reservoir rocks. Water isotherms of the pristine rocks provide information on two important rock properties - wettability and pore-size distribution. Such information can be used, among other things, to model the wettability of the formation and to maximize waterflood recovery efficiency.
Attractors and chaos of electron dynamics in electromagnetic standing wave
Creators: name: Esirkepov, Timur Zh.
name: Bulanov, Stepan S.
name: Koga, James K.
name: Kando, Masaki
name: Kondo, Kiminori
name: Rosanov, Nikolay N.
name: Korn, Georg
name: Bulanov, Sergei V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radiation reaction radically influences the electron motion in an electromagnetic standing wave formed by two super-intense counter-propagating laser pulses. Depending on the laser intensity and wavelength, either classical or quantum mode of radiation reaction prevail, or both are strong. When radiation reaction dominates, electron motion evolves to limit cycles and strange attractors. This creates a new framework for high energy physics experiments on an interaction of energetic charged particle beams and colliding super-intense laser pulses.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Activities in space electric propulsion at the French Space Agency CNES
Creators: name:  ULYSSE WELLER
name:   VAITUA LEROI
name:   FABIEN CASTANET
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: PROPULSION
PLASMA PHYSICS
THRUSTER
ELECTRIC PROPULSION
HALL EFFECT THRUSTER

description: This paper presents an updated overview of the current electric propulsion activities carried out at CNES (Centre National d\'Etudes Spatiales -French Space Agency). The agency supports the development of different types of technologies with different maturity level, from low TRL RT (Research and Technology) activities and scientific research with the supervision of doctoral activities to expend our knowledge of the underlying physical phenomena to higher TRL up to in flight mission demonstration and operational life. Not only focused on the thruster\'s development, efforts are also made to sustain the progress of subsystems such as the fluidic lines (Flow control Regulators, tank ... ) or the power management with the Power Processing Units (PPU). This concerns not only Hall Effect Thrusters (HET) for low power, medium power and high power EP systems but also Gridded Ion Engines (GIE) and other alternative solutions for very low power applications such as micro-propulsion for LEO applications.
Seebeck-driven transverse thermoelectric generation in magnetic hybrid bulk materials
Creators: name: Zhou, Weinan
name: Miura, Asuka
name: Hirai, Takamasa
name: Sakuraba, Yuya
name: Uchida, Ken-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Seebeck-driven transverse thermoelectric generation in magnetic/thermoelectric hybrid materials (STTG) has been investigated in all-bulk hybrid materials. The transverse thermopower in a ferromagnetic Co$_2$MnGa/thermoelectric $n$-type Si hybrid bulk material with the adjusted dimensions reaches 16.0 $μ$V/K at room temperature with the aid of the STTG contribution, which is much larger than the anomalous Nernst coefficient of the Co$_2$MnGa slab (6.8 $μ$V/K). Although this transverse thermopower is smaller than the value for previously reported thin-film-based hybrid materials, the hybrid bulk materials exhibit much larger electrical power owing to their small internal resistance. This demonstration confirms the validity of STTG in bulk materials and clarifies its potential as a thermal energy harvester.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Generative Slate Recommendation with Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Deffayet, Romain
name: Thonet, Thibaut
name: Renders, Jean-Michel
name: de Rijke, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent research has employed reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms to optimize long-term user engagement in recommender systems, thereby avoiding common pitfalls such as user boredom and filter bubbles. They capture the sequential and interactive nature of recommendations, and thus offer a principled way to deal with long-term rewards and avoid myopic behaviors. However, RL approaches are intractable in the slate recommendation scenario - where a list of items is recommended at each interaction turn - due to the combinatorial action space. In that setting, an action corresponds to a slate that may contain any combination of items. While previous work has proposed well-chosen decompositions of actions so as to ensure tractability, these rely on restrictive and sometimes unrealistic assumptions. Instead, in this work we propose to encode slates in a continuous, low-dimensional latent space learned by a variational auto-encoder. Then, the RL agent selects continuous actions in this latent space, which are ultimately decoded into the corresponding slates. By doing so, we are able to (i) relax assumptions required by previous work, and (ii) improve the quality of the action selection by modeling full slates instead of independent items, in particular by enabling diversity. Our experiments performed on a wide array of simulated environments confirm the effectiveness of our generative modeling of slates over baselines in practical scenarios where the restrictive assumptions underlying the baselines are lifted. Our findings suggest that representation learning using generative models is a promising direction towards generalizable RL-based slate recommendation.
description: WSDM 2023, 9 pages, 3 figures
Transfer Learning for Olfactory Object Detection
Creators: name: Zinnen, Mathias
name: Madhu, Prathmesh
name: Bell, Peter
name: Maier, Andreas
name: Christlein, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the effect of style and category similarity in multiple datasets used for object detection pretraining. We find that including an additional stage of object-detection pretraining can increase the detection performance considerably. While our experiments suggest that style similarities between pre-training and target datasets are less important than matching categories, further experiments are needed to verify this hypothesis.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Alteraciones visuales por la radiación de la lámpara halógena y conocimiento de protección oculares en estudiantes de odontología de la Universidad de Cartagena.
Creators: name: Alvis Montes, Jonatan
name: Puello Suarez, Mauren
Publisher: name: Universidad de Cartagena
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Órbita ocular - Enfermedades
subject: Odontología - Aparatos e instrumentos
subject: Escarificadores
subject: Estudiantes de odontología

description: La presente investigación, se trata de un estudio de tipo transversal, de carácter observacional. La población de estudio estará constituida por 27 estudiantes de la facultad de odontología de la universidad de Cartagena escogidos a través de un muestreo aleatorio simple y que acepten ser voluntarios en el estudio. Como criterio de inclusión se tomó ser estudiante de pregrado desde el tercer hasta el quinto año. El estudio excluye a aquellos estudiantes que no realizan las prácticas clínicas, que se encuentren en estado de gestación, aquellos que presentan patologías sistémicas además aquellos que se encuentren consumiendo fármacos. El instrumento de análisis utilizado será un cuestionario estructurado y autoadministrado compuesto por preguntas abiertas y cerradas. Posteriormente llevara a cabo la recolección de los datos para su correcto almacenamiento, organización, depuración y análisis. Todos los datos serán informatizados a partir de una base de datos construida con un software especializado y se representarán los resultados en tablas y gráficos que contengan frecuencia y porcentaje
Mediated Semi-Quantum Key Distribution
Creators: name: Krawec, Walter O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we design a new quantum key distribution protocol, allowing two limited semi-quantum or "classical" users to establish a shared secret key with the help of a fully quantum server. A semi-quantum user can only prepare and measure qubits in the computational basis and so must rely on this quantum server to produce qubits in alternative bases and also to perform alternative measurements. However, we assume that the sever is untrusted and we prove the unconditional security of our protocol even in the worst case: when this quantum server is an all-powerful adversary. We also compute a lower bound of the key rate of our protocol, in the asymptotic scenario, as a function of the observed error rate in the channel allowing us to compute the maximally tolerated error of our protocol. Our results show that a semi-quantum protocol may hold similar security to a fully quantum one.
3D printing of Fe-based bulk metallic glasses and composites with large dimensions and enhanced toughness by thermal spraying
Creators: name: Wang, W.
name: Zhang, C.
name: Wu, Y.
name: Yang, Y.-G.
name: Liu, L.
name: Li, Y.-C.
Publisher: name: Royal Society of Chemistry
Year: 2018

description: Large sized Fe-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) and BMG/stainless steel (SS) composites with excellent mechanical properties were successfully fabricated using a thermal spray three-dimensional (3D) printing (TS3DP) technique. The 3D-printed BMG and BMGC (reinforced with 50% SS powder) parts exhibited high fracture strength (∼2 GPa) and fairly good fracture toughness (13-21 MPa m1/2, which is 200-400% greater than that of the as-cast BMG of the same composition). The enhanced fracture toughness originates from the intrinsically layered structure of the 3D-printed BMG components, which caused crack deflection and thus the increase of energy dissipation during crack propagation. The TS3DP technique developed in this work opens up a new avenue for the production of BMGs and BMG composites of theoretically limitless size, and facilitates their application as structural and functional materials.
Mentale Prozesse beim Übersetzen von deutscher Schriftsprache in Deutschschweizerische Gebärdensprache
Creators: name: Gautschin, Lucia Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Gebärdensprache
Gebärdensprachdolmetschen
Übersetzung
deutsche Schriftsprache
Bachelorarbeit

description: Die vorliegende empirische Bachelorarbeit gibt einen Überblick zu den mentalen Prozessen während der Übersetzung von deutscher Schriftsprache in die Deutschschweizerische Gebärdensprache. Die Arbeit schliesst dabei an bestehende Arbeiten aus der Translationsprozessforschung an. Die Forschungsfrage lautet: „Was sind die mentalen Prozesse eines Deaf Interpreters beim Übersetzen von einem deutschen, geschriebenen Text in die Deutschschweizerische Gebärdensprache?“ Die qualitative Datenerhebung erfolgte anhand der Methode des Lauten Denkens und einem Leitfadeninterview. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass der Ausgangstext verstanden werden muss, um diesen zu übersetzen. Bei der Übersetzung folgt der Zugriff auf das mentale Lexikon der Ziel- und Ausgangssprache. Für die Recherche zum Ausgangstext sind gehörlose Informanten wichtig und der Bezug zum Zielpublikum.
Dynamic signature of orbital selective Mott transition in the metallic phase of VO2
Creators: name: Xi, X.
name: Wang, W.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Yu, Y.
name: Wu, G.
name: Wu, Y.
name: Liu, E.
name: Li, Z.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2018

description: An orbital-selective technique, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, which could simultaneously probe the atomic structure and electronic properties, was employed to address the 'bad metal' behaviors, i.e., negligible electron thermal conductivity in the metallic phase of VO2. The measured electric field gradients at V sites by 51V NMR were found to evolve significantly in the pure metallic phase within the vicinity of structural phase transition temperatures, unexpected in a simple metal within this temperature region according to structural analysis by diffraction. This abnormal temperature-dependent local symmetry evolution can be well explained by a simple phenomenological model of orbital selective Mott transition in this multiorbital system.
Statistical analysis of the velocity and scalar fields in reacting turbulent wall-jets
Creators: name: Pouransari, Z.
name: Biferale, L.
name: Johansson, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of local isotropy in a chemically reacting turbulent wall-jet flow is addressed using direct numerical simulation (DNS) data. Different DNS databases with isothermal and exothermic reactions are examined. The chemical reaction and heat release effects on the turbulent velocity, passive scalar and reactive species fields are studied using their probability density functions (PDF) and higher order moments for velocities and scalar fields, as well as their gradients. With the aid of the anisotropy invariant maps for the Reynolds stress tensor the heat release effects on the anisotropy level at different wall-normal locations are evaluated and found to be most accentuated in the near-wall region. It is observed that the small-scale anisotropies are persistent both in the near-wall region and inside the jet flame. Two exothermic cases with different Damkohler number are examined and the comparison revealed that the Damkohler number effects are most dominant in the near-wall region, where the wall cooling effects are influential. In addition, with the aid of PDFs conditioned on the mixture fraction, the significance of the reactive scalar characteristics in the reaction zone is illustrated. We argue that the combined effects of strong intermittency and strong persistency of anisotropy at the small scales in the entire domain can affect mixing and ultimately the combustion characteristics of the reacting flow.
Extragalactic Jets as Probes of Distant Clusters of Galaxies and the Clusters Occupied by Bent Radio AGN (COBRA) Survey
Creators: name: Blanton, Elizabeth L.
name: Paterno-Mahler, Rachel
name: Wing, Joshua D.
name: Ashby, M. L. N.
name: Golden-Marx, Emmet
name: Brodwin, Mark
name: Douglass, E. M.
name: Randall, Scott W.
name: Clarke, T. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are conducting a large survey of distant clusters of galaxies using radio sources with bent jets and lobes as tracers. These radio sources are driven by AGN and achieve their bent morphologies through interaction with the surrounding gas found in clusters of galaxies. Based on low-redshift studies, these types of sources can be used to identify clusters very efficiently. We present initial results from our survey of 653 bent-double radio sources with optical hosts too faint to appear in the SDSS. The sample was observed in the infrared with Spitzer, and it has revealed $\sim$200 distant clusters or proto-clusters in the redshift range $z\sim0.7 - 3.0$. The sample of bent-doubles contains both quasars and radio galaxies enabling us to study both radiative and kinetic mode feedback in cluster and group environments at a wide range of redshifts.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of the IAU Symposium No. 313: "Extragalactic jets from every angle," Galapagos, Ecuador, 15-19 September 2014, F. Massaro, C. C. Cheung, E. Lopez, and A. Siemiginowska (Eds.), Cambridge University Press
UserSimCRS: A User Simulation Toolkit for Evaluating Conversational Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Afzali, Jafar
name: Drzewiecki, Aleksander Mark
name: Balog, Krisztian
name: Zhang, Shuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present an extensible user simulation toolkit to facilitate automatic evaluation of conversational recommender systems. It builds on an established agenda-based approach and extends it with several novel elements, including user satisfaction prediction, persona and context modeling, and conditional natural language generation. We showcase the toolkit with a pre-existing movie recommender system and demonstrate its ability to simulate dialogues that mimic real conversations, while requiring only a handful of manually annotated dialogues as training data.
description: Proceedings of the Sixteenth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining
Main-Belt Asteroids in the K2 Engineering Field of View
Creators: name: Szabó, R.
name: Sárneczky, K.
name: Szabó, Gy. M.
name: Pál, A.
name: Kiss, Cs. P.
name: Csák, B.
name: Illés, L.
name: Rácz, G.
name: Kiss, L. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unlike NASA's original Kepler Discovery Mission, the renewed K2 Mission will stare at the plane of the Ecliptic, observing each field for approximately 75 days. This will bring new opportunities and challenges, in particular the presence of a large number of main-belt asteroids that will contaminate the photometry. The large pixel size makes K2 data susceptible to the effect of apparent minor planet encounters. Here we investigate the effects of asteroid encounters on photometric precision using a sub-sample of the K2 Engineering data taken in February, 2014. We show examples of asteroid contamination to facilitate their recognition and distinguish these events from other error sources. We conclude that main-belt asteroids will have considerable effects on K2 photometry of a large number of photometric targets during the Mission, that will have to be taken into account. These results will be readily applicable for future space photometric missions applying large-format CCDs, such as TESS and PLATO.
description: accepted for publication in AJ, 6 pages
Additional file 9 of Genome-wide profiling of histone (H3) lysine 4 (K4) tri-methylation (me3) under drought, heat, and combined stresses in switchgrass
Creators: name: Ayyappan, Vasudevan
name: Sripathi, Venkateswara R.
name: Xie, Shaojun
name: Saha, Malay C.
name: Hayford, Rita
name: Serba, Desalegn D.
name: Subramani, Mayavan
name: Thimmapuram, Jyothi
name: Todd, Antonette
name: Kalavacharla, Venu Kal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Mental Health
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 9: Supplemental Table 9. List of HT responsive genes overlapping HT responsive peaks (for MapMan visualization).
Hyperbolicity of High Order Systems of Evolution Equations
Creators: name: Hilditch, David
name: Richter, Ronny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study properties of evolution equations which are first order in time and arbitrary order in space (FTNS). Following Gundlach and Martín-García (2006) we define strong and symmetric hyperbolicity for FTNS systems and examine the relationship between these definitions, and the analogous concepts for first order systems. We demonstrate equivalence of the FTNS definition of strong hyperbolicity with the existence of a strongly hyperbolic first order reduction. We also demonstrate equivalence of the FTNS definition, up to N=4, of symmetric hyperbolicity with the existence of a symmetric hyperbolic first order reduction.
description: 33 pages
Additional file 6 of Music therapy for supporting informal carers of adults with life-threatening illness pre- and post-bereavement; a mixed-methods systematic review
Creators: name: Gillespie, K.
name: McConnell, T.
name: Roulston, A.
name: Potvin, N.
name: Ghiglieri, C.
name: Gadde, I.
name: Anderson, M.
name: Kirkwood, J.
name: Thomas, D.
name: Roche, L.
name: O.’Sullivan, M.
name: McCullagh, A.
name: Graham-Wisener, L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. Meta-synthesis Tables. Tables show synthesised findings, categories, and extracted study findings.
Search strategy of the systematic review on tilting table tests of masonry assemblies
Creators: name: Alejandro, Jiménez Rios
name: Lara, Smit
name: Claire, Ristow
name: Onni, Heino
name: Quentin, Pierson
name: Kathy, Chhean
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Systematic Literature Review
Tilting Table
Masonry

description: This document presents the search strategy adopted to perform the systematic review of the "Tilting Table Tests of Masonry Assemblies" European Project Semester [1] and it is based on the PRISMA-S [2] checklist.
1 http://europeanprojectsemester.eu/
2 Rethlefsen, M.L., et al., PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews. Systematic Reviews, 2021. 10(1): p. 39 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01542-z.
Silver nanowires as the current collector for a flexible in-plane micro-supercapacitor via a one-step, mask-free patterning strategy
Creators: name: Wu, Y.
name: Yu, Y.
name: Liu, L.
name: Liu, L.
name: Li, H.-Y.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2018

description: The fabrication of a current collector-contained in-plane micro-supercapacitor (MSC) usually requires the patterning of the current collector first and then subsequent patterning of the active material with the assistance of a photoresist and mask. However, this two-step patterning process is too complicated and the photoresist used is harmful to the properties of nanomaterials. Here, we demonstrate a one-step, mask-free strategy to pattern the current collector and the active material at the same time, for the fabrication of an all-solid-state flexible in-plane MSC. Silver nanowires (AgNWs) are used as the current collector. An atmospheric pressure pulsed cold micro-plasma-jet is used to realize the one-step, mask-free production of interdigitated multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/AgNW electrodes. Remarkably, the fabricated MWCNT/AgNW-based MSC shows good flexibility and excellent rate capability. Moreover, the performance of properties including cyclic stability, equivalent series resistance, relaxation time and energy/power densities of the MWCNT/AgNW-based MSC are significantly enhanced by the presence of the AgNW current collector.
Automatic Objects Removal for Scene Completion
Creators: name: Yang, Jianjun
name: Wang, Yin
name: Wang, Honggang
name: Hua, Kun
name: Wang, Wei
name: Shen, Ju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the explosive growth of web-based cameras and mobile devices, billions of photographs are uploaded to the internet. We can trivially collect a huge number of photo streams for various goals, such as 3D scene reconstruction and other big data applications. However, this is not an easy task due to the fact the retrieved photos are neither aligned nor calibrated. Furthermore, with the occlusion of unexpected foreground objects like people, vehicles, it is even more challenging to find feature correspondences and reconstruct realistic scenes. In this paper, we propose a structure based image completion algorithm for object removal that produces visually plausible content with consistent structure and scene texture. We use an edge matching technique to infer the potential structure of the unknown region. Driven by the estimated structure, texture synthesis is performed automatically along the estimated curves. We evaluate the proposed method on different types of images: from highly structured indoor environment to the natural scenes. Our experimental results demonstrate satisfactory performance that can be potentially used for subsequent big data processing: 3D scene reconstruction and location recognition.
description: 6 pages, IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM 14), Workshop on Security and Privacy in Big Data, Toronto, Canada, 2014
Additional file 7 of Genome-wide profiling of histone (H3) lysine 4 (K4) tri-methylation (me3) under drought, heat, and combined stresses in switchgrass
Creators: name: Ayyappan, Vasudevan
name: Sripathi, Venkateswara R.
name: Xie, Shaojun
name: Saha, Malay C.
name: Hayford, Rita
name: Serba, Desalegn D.
name: Subramani, Mayavan
name: Thimmapuram, Jyothi
name: Todd, Antonette
name: Kalavacharla, Venu Kal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Mental Health
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 7: Supplemental Table 7. List of DT responsive genes overlapping DT responsive peaks (for MapMan visualization).
Intelligent micro-/nanorobots as smart vehicles for biomedical therapeutic applications.
Creators: name: K.S. Wisdom1*, Hafeef roshan2 and A.K. Singh3
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2023

description:  Nanorobotics is an emerging science that has attracted tremendous interest among research groups. Nanoscale robotics have the ability to transform multiple energy sources into motion and strength. Micro/nanorobots, are regarded as superior delivery system by altering other forms of energy into propulsion and movements. Furthermore, it can be advantageous as it is directed to targeted sites beneath physiological environments and conditions. They have been validated to possess the capability to encapsulate, transport, and supply therapeutic contents directly to the disease sites, minimizing the dosage of drugs with enhancing efficiency of drugs and less side effects.
Effect of Dilute Random Field on Continuous-Symmetry Order Parameter
Creators: name: Proctor, T. C.
name: Chudnovsky, E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: XY and Heisenberg spins, subjected to strong random fields acting at few points in space with concentration $c_r \ll 1$, are studied numerically on 3d lattices containing over four million sites. Glassy behavior with strong dependence on initial conditions is found. Beginning with a random initial orientation of spins, the system evolves into ferromagnetic domains inversely proportional to $c_r$ in size. The area of the hysteresis loop, $m(H)$, scales as $c_r^2$. These findings are explained by mapping the effect of strong dilute random field onto the effect of weak continuous random field. Our theory applies directly to ferromagnets with magnetic impurities, and is conceptually relevant to strongly pinned vortex lattices in superconductors and pinned charge density waves.
description: 5 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 1 of Development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis is associated with gut microbiota but not with oxysterol enzymes CH25H, EBI2, or CYP7B1 in mice
Creators: name: Wyss, Jacqueline
name: Raselli, Tina
name: Wyss, Annika
name: Telzerow, Anja
name: Rogler, Gerhard
name: Krupka, Niklas
name: Yilmaz, Bahtiyar
name: Schmidt, Thomas S. B.
name: Misselwitz, Benjamin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Comparison of samples between diet types according to alpha-diversity measures. Comparison of samples from the standard diet and the high-fat diet by diversity indices (species richness, exponential Shannon index, inverse Simpson index) measured by the effective number of species.
Flexible bimetallic nanoporous Cu-Ag synthesized by electrochemical dealloying for battery-type electrodes with high electrochemical performance
Creators: name: Li, H.-Y.
name: Zhang, Z.-W.
name: Wu, Y.
name: Liu, L.
name: Yu, Y.
name: Liu, L.
name: Wang, S.-S.
Publisher: name: Electrochemical Society Inc.
Year: 2018

description: In this work, a flexible three-dimensional nanoporous bimetallic Cu-Ag (NPCuAg) has been fabricated by a simple electrochemically dealloying Zr45Cu35Ag20 glassy ribbon in HF aqueous solution. The influence of dealloying treatment time on the thickness of nanoporous layer and the flexibility of the dealloyed ribbon was investigated. It is found that the thickness of NPCuAg is approximately proportional to dealloying treatment time, and the NPCuAg shows a maximum nanoporous layer ∼9 μm (one side) while possessing good flexibility. Furthermore, nanoporous CuOAg (NPCuOAg) was obtained through a simple oxidation treatment. The NPCuOAg shows a hierarchical structure where CuO nanosheets are uniformly embedded in 3D nanoporous Ag skeleton. The NPCuOAg battery-type electrode exhibits superior electrochemical performance, which has great potential application in flexible high-performance energy storage devices.
Segmentation of pores in cementitious materials based on backscattered electron measurements: a new proposal of regression-based approach for threshold estimation
Creators: name: Żak, Andrzej M.
name: Wieczorek, Anna
name: Chowaniec, Agnieszka
name: Sadowski, Lukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the following work, we described the problems of porosity analysis of cement materials using backscattered electron images. We noticed that despite its great utility, the overflow porosity segmentation method allows for the introduction of an additional error by the effect of the subjective researcher. For this purpose, two developed variants of this method - regression I and II - were completely algorithmized and compared with the literature methods of overflow, triangle, and method preserving to choose the fastest and most consistent measurement method. Based on the comparison of the two data sets, it was judged that the improved overflow-based methods are the best candidates for the automated porosity assessment, with particular emphasis on regression II. All the algorithms used are summarized as Python source code in Supplementary Material.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures