Porteria ajimayo Morrill & Crews & Esposito & Ramírez & Griswold 2023, SP. NOV.
Creators: name: Morrill, Elizabeth
name: Crews, Sarah
name: Esposito, Lauren
name: Ramírez, Martín J.
name: Griswold, Charles
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Desidae
Porteria
Porteria ajimayo

description: PORTERIA AJIMAYO SP. NOV.
FIGS 1E, 2C, F, 4A, 13D, F, 37–42, 73 75
Zoobank registration: urn: lsid: zoobank. org:act: 96A1E419-5BF3-4880-8B9D-6398AC69652A.
Types: Holotype male and paratype female collected together on the same web, from Chile, Region IX de la Araucanía, Monumento Natural Contulmo, S38.0130º, W73.1876º, collected 19–21 December 1998 by M. Ramírez, L. Compagnucci, C. Grismado, L. Lopardo. Deposited in MHNS (ex MACN-Ar 21073).
Etymology: Named after the typical Chilean condiment mixture of mayonnaise and pepper ‘aji chileno’. A noun in apposition.
Diagnosis: Males of this species can be distinguished from all other species by the extremely long, hair-like embolus (Figs 38A, D, 39 A-C, 40A, D), reduced embolus base (Figs 38A, C, 40B) and large spiralling conductor (Figs 38B, D, 39A, C, 40D). The epigyne has a wide, fleshy median septum and two prominent copulatory openings (Figs 41A, 42A, C); distinguished from P. misbianka by the minute anterior scape (Fig. 42A) and extremely long copulatory ducts (Figs 41B, D, 42B, D).
Description: Male: based on CASENT9053784, from Concepción. Markings as in Figure 37 A-C, two yellow anterolateral lines and a pair of median spots on dorsum of abdomen. Total length 5.36. Carapace length 1.31 times width. Clypeus height 1.88 times AME diameter. ALE diameter 1.38 times AME diameter. Chelicera length 6.06 times clypeus height. Sternum 1.11 long as wide. Femur I 1.24 times carapace length. Leg formula 4123. Cymbium length 2.25 times length of bulb. Cheliceral promargin with four teeth and one denticle. Plumose hairs present on legs and palp. Leg spination as follows: palp: femur d1-1-1(p)-1, patella d1-1, tarsus p0-0-1, r0-0-1; leg I: femur d1-1-1(p)-1(p)-2, patella 1-1, tibia d1(r)-0- 0, p0-0-1-0, v0-2-2, metatarsus r0-0-1, v2-2-2; leg II: femur d1-2-1-1(p)-2, patella d1-1, d1(r)-0-0, p0-1-0-1- 0, v0-2-2, metatarsus p0-1-1, r0-1-1, v2-2-2; leg III: femur d1-2-1-1(p)-1(r)-2, patella d1-1, tibia d1(r)-0- 1-0, p0-1-1-0, r0-0-1-0, v1(p)-2-2, metatarsus d2-0-1, p0-1-1, r0-1-1, v2-2-2; leg IV: femur d1-1-1(r)-1(r)-2, patella d1-1, d1(r)-0-1-0, p0-1-1-0, r0-1-1-0, v1(p)-2- 2, metatarsus d2-2-2-1, r0-0-1, v2-2-2, tarsus r0-1. Palp as in Figures 38–40, with three tibial apophyses: long acuminate RTA; VTA darkly sclerotized and rounded like those of the bunnyana species group; LRTA straight, projecting out from tibia parallel to frontal plane, ending in a fine point. DTA absent. Embolus base highly reduced into a mound situated on retrobasal aspect of bulb. Conductor sinuous, extending far beyond bulb, deeply grooved and tapered to a point. Embolus thread like, tip fine and elongated. Tegulum darkened, with shallow if any, median concavity; obscured in retrolateral view by base of conductor. Paracymbium absent.
Leg measurements (left): leg I 12.26 (3.15, 4.15, 3.02, 1.94); leg II 10.18 (2.81, 3.22, 2.55, 1.61); leg III 9.18 (2.55, 2.75, 2.61, 1.27); leg IV 12.46 (3.28, 3.82, 3.62, 1.74); palp 6.10 (2.14, 1.54, –, 2.41).
Variation: (N = 4). Total length 4.68–6.00. Carapace length 1.28–1.51 times width. Clypeus height 1.88– 2.60 times AME diameter. ALE diameter 1.38–2.00 times AME diameter. Chelicera length 5.15–6.08 times clypeus height. Sternum length 1.03–1.10 times width. Femur I 1.24–1.35 times carapace length. Cymbium length 2.22–3.48 times length of bulb. Cheliceral promargin with four to six teeth and one denticle.
Description: Female: based on CASENT9053784, from Concepción. Markings as in Figure 37 D-F. Total length 5.90. Carapace length 1.38 times width. Clypeus height 2.46 times AME diameter. ALE diameter 1.54 times AME diameter. Chelicera length 6.28 times clypeus height. Sternum 1.17 long as wide. Femur I 1.03 times carapace length. Leg formula 4123. Cheliceral promargin with five teeth and one denticle. Plumose hairs present on legs and palp. Leg spination as follows: palp: femur d1-1-3, patella d1-1, tibia d1-1, p1-0, tarsus p2-1-2-1, r1-1-1-1, v0-0-1; leg I: femur d1-1-2(p)-2, patella d1-1, tibia d1(r)-0-1(p)-0, v1(r)-2-2, metatarsus p0-0-1, v2-2-2; leg II: femur d1-2-1-1(p)- 1(r)-2, patella d1-1, tibia d1(r)-0-1-0, p0-1-0-1-0, r-0-1- 0-1-0, v1(p)-1(p)-2, metatarsus d2-2-2, p0-0-1, v2-2-2, tarsus r0-1; leg III: femur d1-2-1-1(p)-2, patella d1-1, tibia d1(r)-1(p)-0-0, p0-0-1-0, v1(r)-2-1(p), metatarsus p0-1-0-1, r0-1-0-0, v2-2-2; leg IV: d1-1-1(p)-1(r)-2, patella d1-1, tibia d1(r)-0-1-0, p0-1-0-1-0, r0-1-0-1-0, v2-1(p)-2, metatarsus d2-1-1, p0-1-1, r0-0-1-1, v2-2- 2, tarsus r0-1. Epigyne as in Figures 41A and 42A, C, simple with two copulatory openings and median septum. Scape reduced to tiny nub visible in lateral and posterior views; difficult to see in ventral view except with SEM (Figs 41A, 42A). Vulva with long, coiled copulatory ducts leading into stalk of spermatheca adjacent to differentiated head of spermatheca. Pores present on head and stalk of spermatheca, pores of stalk obscured by copulatory ducts in dorsal view but visible in lateral view, see Figure 42D; Bennett’s gland pore not present in strict dorsal view, can be seen laterally on Base 1 just posterior to Base 2 (Fig. 41C). Right and left Base 1 contiguous, no gap (Fig. 41B). Fertilization ducts situated posteriorly on the large Base 1. Base 2 dwarfed by the size of much larger Base 1.
Leg measurements (left): leg I 10.18 (2.75, 3.42, 2.41, 1.61); leg II 8.91 (2.55, 2.95, 2.08, 1.34); leg III 8.24 (2.34, 2.55, 2.21, 1.14); leg IV 11.19 (3.02, 3.42, 3.29, 1.47); palp 3.48 (1.07, 1.14, –, 1.27).
Variation: (N = 5). Total length 4.20–6.10. Carapace length 1.25–1.36 times width. Clypeus height 1.83– 2.83 times AME diameter. ALE diameter 1.54–2.00 times AME diameter. Chelicera length 4.94–6.31 times clypeus height. Sternum 1.03–1.11 times as long as wide. Femur I 1.03–1.27 times carapace length. Cheliceral promargin with five teeth and one denticle or four teeth and three denticles. Epigynal scape shows variation, sometimes scape broken off (Figs 41A, 42A, C); loops of copulatory ducts can vary slightly in position (Figs 41B, 42B).
Distribution: Coastal region of Chile in Region VII (del Maule), VIII (del Bío Bío), IX (de La Araucanía). A single record from Region XIV (de Los Ríos) (Fig. 76D).
Other material examined: Region VII del Maule: Reserva Nacional Los Ruiles, W Cauquenes, S35º49.998’, W72º31’, elev. 135 m, November 15, 1993, N. Platnick, K. Catley, M. Ramírez and T. Allen, one female, AMNH (CASENT9044701); Region VIII del Bío: Parque Pedro del Río Zañartu, 9.5 km W Concepción, S36º47.778’, W73º09.251’, elev. 53 m, general collecting in disturbed native forest and plantation, January 29–30, 2013, E. Morrill, D. Faber and C. Griswold, six males, 26 females, CAS (CASENT9053784, 9055535, 9053793); Concepción, Estero Nonquen, December 8, 1993, T. Cekalovic, one female, AMNH (CASENT9044712); Region IX de la Araucanía: Monumento Natural Contulmo: S38º00.78’, W73º11.257’, elev. 360 m. February 10–11, 2005, M. Ramírez and F. Labarque, two males MACN (CASENT9025766, SEM images by Fernando Alvarez Padilla), elev. 350 m, December 11, 1984 - February 13, 1985, S. and J. Peck, ‘mixed evergreen forest’, two males, AMNH (CASENT9044646), S38º01’, W73º10.998’, elev. 340 m, November 18, 1993, N. Platnick, K. Catley, M. Ramírez and T. Allen, one male, AMNH (CASENT9044684), December 19–21, 1998, M. Ramírez, L. Compagnucci, C. Grismado, L. Lopardo, two males, seven females, MACN [MACN-Ar 21070, MACN-Ar 21073, MACN-Ar 21074 (MJR-19-12-98/14 photo frames 11-15), MACN-Ar 21074, MACN-Ar 21075 (collected Sofanapis antillanca on its web), MACN-Ar 21076 (observed walking on top of web), MACN-Ar 21081]; Nahuelbuta National Park, 40 km Angol, elev. 1200-1500 m, December 9, 1984 - February 17, 1985, S. and J. Peck, ‘ Nothofagus - Araucaria forest,’ two males, AMNH (CASENT9044662); Nahuelbuta, December 21, 1996 - February 7, 1997, four males, FMHD (FMHD96-219); Cordillera Nahuelbuta, February 14–24, 1977, G. Moreno, one female, AMNH (CASENT9044705); Nahuelbuta National Park: 26.13 km W Angol, S37º49.989, W73º00.578, elev. 1328 m, January 27, 2013, E. Morrill, D. Faber, C. Griswold, ‘general collecting in native forest dominated by Nothofagus ’, two females, CAS (CASENT9053810), Piedra del Aguila, 28 km W Angol, S37º49.434’, W73º02.025’, elev. 1405 m, January 27, 2013, E. Morrill, D. Faber and C. Griswold, ‘general collecting in native forest dominated by Araucaria ’, three females, CAS (CASENT9055528, 9055614), 26.13 km W Angol, S37º48.989’, W73º00.578’, elev. 1328 m, January 27, 2013, E. Morrill, D. Faber and C. Griswold, ‘general night collecting in native forest dominated by Nothofagus’, three females, CAS (CASENT9055685); Region XIV de los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana, 15 km WSW of Corral, S39º58.173’, W73º34.225’, elev. 5 m, November 24, 2009, H. Wood, L. Almeida and C. Griswold, ‘general collecting in native forest’, one female, CAS (CASENT9036438). PN Alerce Costero, Sendero Los Melíes, Sector Chaihuín, S39.95181°, W73.55325° (GPS ± 200 m), elev. 40 m, January 7, 2020, ‘Valdivian forest’, M.J. Ramírez, E. Soto, J. Wilson, D. Poy (MJR-loc-340), one female with embolus broken inserted in copulatory duct (MACN-Ar 41016, vchMJR-2454, photos 170056-170329).
Notes: Porteria ajimayo densely populates the area outside of Concepción and are abundant in Nahuelbuta, though sympatric with P. contulmo and P. bunnyana. Two specimens from Valdivia suggest that the species has a wider distribution; this includes one female with a characteristically elongated male embolus stuck in the epigyne. Males and females are associated with high confidence based on collecting males and females on the same web as well as the highly elongated embolus and the equally long copulatory ducts, much longer than in any other species. A few webs of this species in MN Contulmo contained from one to three individuals of Sofanapis antillanca Platnick & Forster, 1989, but those kleptoparasite spiders were much more abundant in webs of Austrochilus forsteri Grismado, Lopardo & Platnick, 2003 (see Ramírez & Platnick, 1999).
description: Published as part of Morrill, Elizabeth, Crews, Sarah, Esposito, Lauren, Ramírez, Martín J. & Griswold, Charles, 2023, A revision of the genus Porteria and the phylogeny and biogeography of Porteriinae (Araneae: Desidae), pp. 368-461 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 198 (2) on pages 413-418, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac093, http://zenodo.org/record/8007404