cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Voxels Intersecting along Orthogonal Levels Attention U-Net for Intracerebral Haemorrhage Segmentation in Head CT
Creators: name: Liu, Qinghui
name: MacIntosh, Bradley J
name: Schellhorn, Till
name: Skogen, Karoline
name: Emblem, KyrreEeg
name: Bjørnerud, Atle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a novel and flexible attention based U-Net architecture referred to as "Voxels-Intersecting Along Orthogonal Levels Attention U-Net" (viola-Unet), for intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) segmentation task in the INSTANCE 2022 Data Challenge on non-contrast computed tomography (CT). The performance of ICH segmentation was improved by efficiently incorporating fused spatially orthogonal and cross-channel features via our proposed Viola attention plugged into the U-Net decoding branches. The viola-Unet outperformed the strong baseline nnU-Net models during both 5-fold cross validation and online validation. Our solution was the winner of the challenge validation phase in terms of all four performance metrics (i.e., DSC, HD, NSD, and RVD). The code base, pretrained weights, and docker image of the viola-Unet AI tool are publicly available at \url{https://github.com/samleoqh/Viola-Unet}.
description: Accepted by ISBI2023, 5 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables
Current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of armchair graphene nanoribbons under uniaxial strain
Creators: name: Topsakal, Mehmet
name: Bagci, V. M. Kemal
name: Ciraci, Salim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of armchair graphene nanoribbons under a local uniaxial tension are investigated by using first principles quantum transport calculations. It is shown that for a given value of bias-voltage, the resulting current depends strongly on the applied tension. The observed trends are explained by means of changes in the band gaps of the nanoribbons due to the applied uniaxial tension. In the course of plastic deformation, the irreversible structural changes and derivation of carbon monatomic chains from graphene pieces can be monitored by two-probe transport measurements.
description: please see the published version at http://prb.aps.org/abstract/PRB/v81/i20/e205437
Additional file 2 of Communicable disease mortality trends and characteristics of infants in rural China, 1996–2015
Creators: name: Wang, Ke
name: Xiang, Liangcheng
name: Kang, Leni
name: Miao, Lei
name: Li, Qi
name: Li, Xiaohong
name: Zhu, Jun
name: Wang, Yanping
name: Huang, Yan
name: He, Chunhua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2:Table S1. The basic data of infant communicable disease mortality in rural China, 1996–2015.
Understanding, modeling and predicting trophic interactions between marine species
Creators: name: Valls, Audrey Emilie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: In this thesis, I explore and propose new methodologies and intend to provide new insights for understanding, modeling and predicting trophic interactions between marine species. I introduce the importance of trophic interactions in marine ecosystems and the common ecosystem modeling approaches applied to marine food webs. First, I present an attempt to synthetize information from all published Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) models worldwide, gathered in the EcoBase digital repository. Through the compilation and standardization of a suite of metadata, I describe and discuss the usage of the EwE modeling approach and its evolution over time, since its very first application. I also present a meta-analysis of Ecopath models based on these metadata, where I select the models of potential interest, using a scoring method, and focus on one particular aspect of food web modeling, relating to the identification of keystone species. I propose a comprehensive and critical review of the ill-defined concept of keystone species and argue for a restored, exclusive and operational definition of the concept. The proposed definition is placed in a larger framework that considers different categories of ecologically important species. Then, a new functional index of keystoneness is derived from the EwE modeling approach, so as to identify potential keystone species in marine food webs. The proposed index addresses some of the biases observed in previously applied indices. Finally, I present an attempt to predict diet composition for predatory fish species. The intention is to build on existing large datasets, provided in the FishBase biodiversity information system, to identify predictors of fish feeding selectivity. The determination of clear or consistent pattern between biological and ecological species straits and diet composition is challenged by data restrictions, but some recommendations for future studies are provided. In conclusion, data availability may be a critical issue when considering some aspects of trophic interactions, especially for modeling and predictions at the species level. Data sharing within the scientific community, notably through the use of digital and open-access information repositories, is critical for the development of global meta-analyses in marine ecology.
Kamimuria trang Sivec & Stark 2008, sp. n.
Creators: name: Sivec, Ignac
name: Stark, Bill P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Kamimuria
Kamimuria trang

description: Kamimuria trang sp. n. (Figs. 51-54, 82-85) Material examined. Holotype ♂ and 1 ♀ paratype from Thailand, Trang, January-February, 1899, W.L. Abbott (USNM). Actual label location is “Trong lr Siam”. Additional Paratypes: Thailand, Trang, W.L. Abbott, 2 ♂, 1 ♀ (USNM). Adult habitus. General color appears to be pale yellow brown with pale wings, but the color pattern is obscured by specimen condition. Male. Forewing length 20 mm. Hemiterga slender at tip and slightly expanded at base in dorsal aspect; tips with a small cluster of sensilla basiconica (Figs. 51-52). Tergum 9 with median sensilla basiconica patch anterior to hind margin. Aedeagus membranous, armed with small triangular spines and microtrichia in broad central band (Fig. 53); dorsum bearing a pair of small tubercles set posteriorly to a small dorsolateral bare spot. Female. Forewing length 24 mm. Subgenital plate sub-parabolic with narrow median notch (Fig. 54). Sternum 8 with sparse patch of bristles in center of plate but rest of sterna 8 and 9 bearing only fine scattered setae. Egg. Outline oval, length ca. 0.30 mm, width ca. 0.26 mm (Fig. 82). Collar short, ca. 0.11 mm wide and bearing a series of evenly spaced vertical struts which extend to rim (Fig. 83). Chorionic surface covered throughout with coarse pits centered in follicle cell impressions; inner walls of FCIs irregularly punctate (Fig. 84). Micropylar row subequatorial (Figs. 82, 84). Larva. Unknown. Etymology. The species name, used as a noun in apposition, is based on the type locality. Diagnosis. The hemiterga of this species generally resemble those of K. jariyae and K. atra (described above), and K. zonata (described below), and the aedeagal armature is of the same general type for the four, however shape and lobing of the aedeagus differs, and only K. trang has the cylindrical, membranous apical lobe (Fig. 53). The five damaged specimens comprising the type series were previously determined by S.G. Jewett, Jr. as K. kelantonica Klapálek, a species known from “Kelanton, Ost Malakka ” (Klapálek 1912); we assume this site to be on the island of Borneo.
description: Published as part of Sivec, Ignac & Stark, Bill P., 2008, New Species Of Kamimuria Klapálek (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Thailand And Vietnam, With Notes On Chinese Species, pp. 110-138 in Illiesia 4 (12) on pages 124-126, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4758787
description: {"references": ["Klapalek, F. 1912. Plecopterorum genus: Kamimuria Klp. Zvlastni Otisk Casopisu Ceske Spolecnosti Entomologicke, 9: 84 - 110."]}
Combining gravitational lensing and gravitational redshift to measure the anisotropic stress with future galaxy surveys
Creators: name: Tutusaus, Isaac
name: Sobral-Blanco, Daniel
name: Bonvin, Camille
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy surveys provide one of the best ways to constrain the theory of gravity at cosmological scales. They can be used to constrain the two gravitational potentials encoding time, $Ψ$, and spatial, $Φ$, distortions, which are exactly equal at late time within general relativity. Hence, any small variation leading to a nonzero anisotropic stress, i.e. a difference between these potentials, would be an indication for modified gravity. Current analyses usually consider gravitational lensing and redshift-space distortions to constrain the anisotropic stress, but these rely on certain assumptions like the validity of the weak equivalence principle, and a specific time evolution of the functions encoding deviations from general relativity. In this work, we propose a reparametrization of the gravitational lensing observable, together with the use of the relativistic dipole of the correlation function of galaxies to directly measure the anisotropic stress with a minimum amount of assumptions. We consider the future Legacy Survey of Space and Time of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory and the future Square Kilometer Array, and show that combining gravitational lensing and gravitational redshift with the proposed approach we will achieve model-independent constraints on the anisotropic stress at the level of $\sim 20\,\%$.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures. Version accepted in Physical Review D
Robustness of nuclear core activity reconstruction by data assimilation
Creators: name: Bouriquet, Bertrand
name: Argaud, Jean-Philippe
name: Erhard, Patrick
name: Massart, Sébastien
name: Ponçot, Angélique
name: Ricci, Sophie
name: Thual, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a data assimilation techniques, inspired from meteorological applications, to perform an optimal reconstruction of the neutronic activity field in a nuclear core. Both measurements, and information coming from a numerical model, are used. We first study the robustness of the method when the amount of measured information decreases. We then study the influence of the nature of the instruments and their spatial repartition on the efficiency of the field reconstruction.
A two-generational ${\rm SU}(7)$ model with extended weak sector: mass hierarchies, mixings, and the flavor non-universality
Creators: name: Chen, Ning
name: Mao, Ying-nan
name: Teng, Zhaolong
name: Wang, Bin
name: Zhao, Xiangjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a possible gauge symmetry breaking pattern in an ${\rm SU}(7)$ grand unified theory, which describes the mass origins of all electrically charged SM fermions of the second and the third generations. Two intermediate gauge symmetries of ${\cal G}_{341}\equiv {\rm SU}(3)_c \otimes {\rm SU}(4)_W \otimes {\rm U}(1)_{X_0}$ and ${\cal G}_{331}\equiv {\rm SU}(3)_c \otimes {\rm SU}(3)_W \otimes {\rm U}(1)_{X_1}$ arise above the electroweak scale. SM fermion mass hierarchies between two generations can be obtained through a generalized seesaw mechanism. The mechanism can be achieved with suppressed symmetry breaking VEVs from multiple Higgs fields that are necessary to avoid tadpole terms in the Higgs potential. Some general features of the ${\rm SU}(7)$ fermion spectrum will be described, which include the existence of vectorlike fermions, the tree-level flavor changing weak currents between the SM fermions and heavy partner fermions, and the flavor non-universality between different SM generations from the extended weak sector.
description: 55 pages, 1 figure, 14 tables, preprint matches the published version
The Orbifold-String Theories of Permutation-Type: III. Lorentzian and Euclidean Space-Times in a Large Example
Creators: name: Halpern, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To illustrate the general results of the previous paper, we discuss here a large concrete example of the orbifold-string theories of permutation-type. For each of the many subexamples, we focus on evaluation of the \emph{target space-time dimension} $\hat{D}_j(σ)$, the \emph{target space-time signature} and the \emph{target space-time symmetry} of each cycle $j$ in each twisted sector $σ$. We find in particular a gratifying \emph{space-time symmetry enhancement} which naturally matches the space-time symmetry of each cycle to its space-time dimension. Although the orbifolds of $\Z_{2}$-permutation-type are naturally Lorentzian, we find that the target space-times associated to larger permutation groups can be Lorentzian, Euclidean and even null (\hat{D}_{j}(σ)=0), with varying space-time dimensions, signature and symmetry in a single orbifold.
description: 36 pages
Convergence rate of the (1+1)-evolution strategy on locally strongly convex functions with lipschitz continuous gradient and their monotonic transformations
Creators: name: Morinaga, Daiki
name: Fukuchi, Kazuto
name: Sakuma, Jun
name: Akimoto, Youhei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.1.6
subject: 65K05, 90C25, 90C26, 90C56, 90C59

description: Evolution strategy (ES) is one of promising classes of algorithms for black-box continuous optimization. Despite its broad successes in applications, theoretical analysis on the speed of its convergence is limited on convex quadratic functions and their monotonic transformation. In this study, an upper bound and a lower bound of the rate of linear convergence of the (1+1)-ES on locally $L$-strongly convex functions with $U$-Lipschitz continuous gradient are derived as $\exp\left(-Ω_{d\to\infty}\left(\frac{L}{d\cdot U}\right)\right)$ and $\exp\left(-\frac1d\right)$, respectively. Notably, any prior knowledge on the mathematical properties of the objective function such as Lipschitz constant is not given to the algorithm, whereas the existing analyses of derivative-free optimization algorithms require them.
description: 15 pages
Characterization of single shallow silicon-vacancy centers in 4H-SiC
Creators: name: Singh, Harpreet
name: Hollberg, Mario Alex
name: Ghezellou, Misagh
name: Ul-Hassan, Jawad
name: Kaiser, Florian
name: Suter, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shallow negatively charged silicon-vacancy centers have applications in magnetic quantum sensing and other quantum applications. Vacancy centers near the surface (within 100 nm) have different spin relaxation rates and optical spin polarization, affecting the optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) signal. This makes it essential to characterize these centers. Here we present the relevant spin properties of such centers. ODMR with a contrast of up to 6 %, which is better than the state of the art, allowed us to determine the zero field splitting, which is relevant for most sensing applications. We also present intensity-correlation data to verify that the signal originates from a single center and to extract transition rates between different electronic states.
Transitivity and rotation sets with nonempty interior for homeomorphisms of the 2-Torus
Creators: name: Tal, Fabio Armando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37E45

description: We show that, if $f$ is a homeomorphism of the 2--torus isotopic to the identity, and its lift $\widetilde f$ is transitive, or even if it is transitive outside of the lift of the elliptic islands, then $(0,0)$ is in the interior of the rotation set of $\widetilde f.$ This proves a particular case of Boyland's conjecture.
Measurement of the evolving galaxy luminosity and mass function using clustering-based redshift inference
Creators: name: Karademir, Geray S.
name: Taylor, Edward N.
name: Blake, Chris
name: Cluver, Michelle E.
name: Jarrett, Thomas H.
name: Triani, Dian P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a framework for using clustering-based redshift inference (cluster-$z$) to measure the evolving galaxy luminosity function (GLF) and galaxy stellar mass function (GSMF) using WISE W1 ($3.4μm$) mid-infrared photometry and positions. We use multiple reference sets from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey, Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). Combining the resulting cluster-$z$s allows us to enlarge the study area, and by accounting for the specific properties of each reference set, making best use of each reference set to produce the best overall result. Thus we are able to measure the GLF and GSMF over $\sim 7500\, \mathrm{deg}^2 $ of the Northern Galactic Cap (NGC) up to $z<0.6$. Our method can easily be adapted for new studies with fainter magnitudes, which pose difficulties for the derivation of photo-$z$s. The measurement of the GSMF is currently limited by the models for k-corrections and mass-to-light ratios, rather than more complicated effects tied to the evolution of the differential galaxy bias. With better statistics in future surveys this technique is a strong candidate for studies with new emerging data from, e.g. the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, the Euclid mission or the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Kamimuria Klapálek 1912
Creators: name: Sivec, Ignac
name: Stark, Bill P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Kamimuria

description: Kamimuria Th-A (Figs. 90-91) Material examined. Thailand, Unknown locality, 29 November 1985, 1 ♀ (PMSL). Egg. Outline oval with short wide collar. Chorion covered throughout with coarse, more or less circular pits; ca. 13 rows of pits above micropylar line and ca. 10 pits per row below line; below line, surface between pits with irregular texture (Figs. 90-91). Diagnosis. The eggs of this species are generally similar to those of K. jariyae but in that species the egg lacks the irregular appearance of the chorionic surface below the micropylar line, and there are comparatively fewer pits per row above the line than in eggs of this specimen. The specimen is in poor condition and fresh material will be needed for proper evaluation.
description: Published as part of Sivec, Ignac & Stark, Bill P., 2008, New Species Of Kamimuria Klapálek (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Thailand And Vietnam, With Notes On Chinese Species, pp. 110-138 in Illiesia 4 (12) on page 132, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4758787
Surface effects in doping a Mott insulator
Creators: name: Nourafkan, Reza
name: Marsiglio, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physics of doping a Mott insulator is investigated in the presence of a solid-vacuum interface. Using the embedding approach for dynamical mean field theory we show that the change in surface spectral evolution in a doped Mott insulator is driven by a combination of charge transfer effects and enhanced correlation effects. Approaching a Mott insulating phase from the metallic side, we show that a dead layer forms at the surface of the solid, where quasiparticle amplitudes are exponentially suppressed. Surface correlation and charge transfer effects can be strongly impacted by changes of the hopping integrals at the surface.
description: accepted in Phys. Rev. B
Social support, coping, and anxiety in the context of parental divorce and other stressors
Creators: name: Record, Rosalynn M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of social support perception on anxiety and coping in adolescents who have experienced parental divorce compared to adolescents who have not experienced parental divorce and across gender. Surveys were administered to 125 grade 10-12 students from urban high schools. Coping was measured using a revised Coping Scale for Sport (Haney, 2003), anxiety was measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 1983), and social support was measured using the Social Support Questionnaire - Short Form (Sarason, Sarason, Shearin, & Pierce, 1987). Findings indicated a significant main effect for social support number and family status (non-divorce, divorce), indicating that the non-divorce group has a higher mean average number of social supports than the divorce group. A significant main effect was also found for social support number and gender, indicating that females have a higher mean average number of social supports than males. Furthermore, the relationship between engagement coping and social support satisfaction approached significance and a significant relationship was found for the female group, indicating that the greater the perceived quality of social support, the greater the use of engagement coping. Ad-Hoc analyses found significant differences for disengagement coping across gender; significant relationships between disengagement coping and anxiety; and a significant relationship between the qualitative coping scale theme “Illness of a Family Member or Pet” and disengagement coping. Findings are discussed in light of current literature.
Deep Learning-Based Dose Prediction for Automated, Individualized Quality Assurance of Head and Neck Radiation Therapy Plans
Creators: name: Gronberg, Mary P.
name: Beadle, Beth M.
name: Garden, Adam S.
name: Skinner, Heath
name: Gay, Skylar
name: Netherton, Tucker
name: Cao, Wenhua
name: Cardenas, Carlos E.
name: Chung, Christine
name: Fuentes, David
name: Fuller, Clifton D.
name: Howell, Rebecca M.
name: Jhingran, Anuja
name: Lim, Tze Yee
name: Marquez, Barbara
name: Mumme, Raymond
name: Olanrewaju, Adenike M.
name: Peterson, Christine B.
name: Vazquez, Ivan
name: Whitaker, Thomas J.
name: Wooten, Zachary
name: Yang, Ming
name: Court, Laurence E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: This study aimed to use deep learning-based dose prediction to assess head and neck (HN) plan quality and identify suboptimal plans. Methods: A total of 245 VMAT HN plans were created using RapidPlan knowledge-based planning (KBP). A subset of 112 high-quality plans was selected under the supervision of an HN radiation oncologist. We trained a 3D Dense Dilated U-Net architecture to predict 3-dimensional dose distributions using 3-fold cross-validation on 90 plans. Model inputs included CT images, target prescriptions, and contours for targets and organs at risk (OARs). The model's performance was assessed on the remaining 22 test plans. We then tested the application of the dose prediction model for automated review of plan quality. Dose distributions were predicted on 14 clinical plans. The predicted versus clinical OAR dose metrics were compared to flag OARs with suboptimal normal tissue sparing using a 2 Gy dose difference or 3% dose-volume threshold. OAR flags were compared to manual flags by 3 HN radiation oncologists. Results: The predicted dose distributions were of comparable quality to the KBP plans. The differences between the predicted and KBP-planned D1%, D95%, and D99% across the targets were within -2.53%(SD=1.34%), -0.42%(SD=1.27%), and -0.12%(SD=1.97%), respectively, and the OAR mean and maximum doses were within -0.33Gy(SD=1.40Gy) and -0.96Gy(SD=2.08Gy). For the plan quality assessment study, radiation oncologists flagged 47 OARs for possible plan improvement. There was high interphysician variability; 83% of physician-flagged OARs were flagged by only one of 3 physicians. The comparative dose prediction model flagged 63 OARs, including 30 of 47 physician-flagged OARs. Conclusion: Deep learning can predict high-quality dose distributions, which can be used as comparative dose distributions for automated, individualized assessment of HN plan quality.
description: updated to reflect the published peer-reviewed article
Differential influence of instruments in nuclear core activity evaluation by data assimilation
Creators: name: Bouriquet, Bertrand
name: Argaud, Jean-Philippe
name: Erhard, Patrick
name: Massart, Sébastien
name: Ponçot, Angélique
name: Ricci, Sophie
name: Thual, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The global activity fields of a nuclear core can be reconstructed using data assimilation. Data assimilation allows to combine measurements from instruments, and information from a model, to evaluate the best possible activity within the core. We present and apply a specific procedure which evaluates this influence by adding or removing instruments in a given measurement network (possibly empty). The study of various network configurations of instruments in the nuclear core establishes that influence of the instruments depends both on the independant instrumentation location and on the chosen network.
Gravitational memory effects and higher derivative actions
Creators: name: Godazgar, Mahdi
name: Macaulay, George
name: Seraj, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that charges associated with the internal Lorentz symmetries of general relativity, with higher derivative boundary terms included in the action, capture observable gravitational wave effects. In particular, the Gauss-Bonnet charge measures the precession rate of a freely-falling gyroscope, while the Pontryagin charge encodes the relative radial acceleration of freely-falling test masses. This relation highlights the importance of the tetrad formalism and the physical significance of asymptotic internal Lorentz symmetries.
description: 15 pages
Electron-phonon coupling in single walled carbon nanotubes determined by shot noise
Creators: name: Wu, Fan
name: Virtanen, Pauli
name: Andresen, Soren
name: Placais, Bernard
name: Hakonen, Pertti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured shot noise in metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes of length L=1 $μ$m and have found strong suppression of noise with increasing voltage. We conclude that the coupling of electron and phonon baths at temperatures $T_e$ and $T_{ph}$ is described at intermediate bias (20 mV $
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Learning Social Navigation from Demonstrations with Conditional Neural Processes
Creators: name: Yildirim, Yigit
name: Ugur, Emre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sociability is essential for modern robots to increase their acceptability in human environments. Traditional techniques use manually engineered utility functions inspired by observing pedestrian behaviors to achieve social navigation. However, social aspects of navigation are diverse, changing across different types of environments, societies, and population densities, making it unrealistic to use hand-crafted techniques in each domain. This paper presents a data-driven navigation architecture that uses state-of-the-art neural architectures, namely Conditional Neural Processes, to learn global and local controllers of the mobile robot from observations. Additionally, we leverage a state-of-the-art, deep prediction mechanism to detect situations not similar to the trained ones, where reactive controllers step in to ensure safe navigation. Our results demonstrate that the proposed framework can successfully carry out navigation tasks regarding social norms in the data. Further, we showed that our system produces fewer personal-zone violations, causing less discomfort.
description: Author submitted manuscript, accepted for publication in the Special Issue of Interaction Studies, titled "Socially Acceptable Robot Behavior: Approaches for Learning, Adaptation and Evaluation"
Pseudo-Kähler and pseudo-Sasaki structures on Einstein solvmanifolds
Creators: name: Conti, Diego
name: Rossi, Federico A.
name: Dalmasso, Romeo Segnan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25 (Primary) 53C30, 53C50, 22E25 (Secondary)

description: The aim of this paper is to construct left-invariant Einstein pseudo-Riemannian Sasaki metrics on solvable Lie groups. We consider the class of $\mathfrak z$-standard Sasaki solvable Lie algebras of dimension $2n+3$, which are in one-to-one correspondence with pseudo-Kähler nilpotent Lie algebras of dimension $2n$ endowed with a compatible derivation, in a suitable sense. We characterize the pseudo-Kähler structures and derivations giving rise to Sasaki-Einstein metrics. We classify $\mathfrak z$-standard Sasaki solvable Lie algebras of dimension $\leq 7$ and those whose pseudo-Kähler reduction is an abelian Lie algebra. The Einstein metrics we obtain are standard, but not of pseudo-Iwasawa type.
description: 26 pages, 2 figures; v2: corrected Proposition 4.3 and Theorem 4.4 to account for the sign ambiguity; v3: improved notation and presentation; introduction and Section 1 expanded to illustrate the geometric meaning of the construction; Examples 3.9 and 4.6 expanded; title changed for clarity; added Example 2.6 and two figures
Direct evidence for electron hole depletion in La0.5Sr0.5FeO3-d upon B-site cation doping
Creators: name: Braun, Artur
name: Bayraktar, Defne
name: Harvey, Ashley S.
name: Beckel, Daniel
name: Purton, John A.
name: Holtappels, Peter
name: Gauckler, Ludwig J.
name: Graule, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Partial substitution of Fe by Ta in the hole-doped La0.5Sr0.5FeO3 decreases the electric conductivity by up to three orders of magnitude. This decrease is in immediate correlation with a decrease of the electron hole concentration and a shift of the spectral weight within the O(1s)-Fe(3d) mixed states from eg bands near the Fermi energy to t2g bands. Corresponding differences in the Fe(2p) and O(1s) X-ray absorption spectra reveals formation of states with increased covalency in the initial state and states which contain O(2p) character, and that hole states are responsible for transport changes in the material. The intensity ratio of eg and t2g bands appears to be a spectral indicator for hole formation.
description: PACS numbers: 71.27.+a, 71.30.+h, 71.38.-k, 72.10.Fk, 78.70.Dm
Kamimuria klapaleki
Creators: name: Sivec, Ignac
name: Stark, Bill P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Kamimuria
Kamimuria klapaleki

description: Kamimuria klapaleki (Wu & Claassen) (Figs. 94-97) Tylopyge klapaleki Wu & Claassen, 1934:119. Holotype ♂ (USNM), Yao-Gi, Szechuan (Sichuan), China Kamimuria klapaleki: Sivec et al., 1988:32 Material examined. China: Sichuan, Yao-Gi, 3 July 1929, D.C. Graham 1 ♂ (holotype, USNM). Paratypes (all from Sichuan Province): #63, 106, 107, 108,116, 128, 141, 150, 153, 155 Accession number 107737, 10 ♂ (USNM). # 13, Suifu, Accession number 107737, 2 ♂ (USNM). # 97, foot of Washan, 4000-6000’, 28 July 1925, 1 ♂ (USNM). # 114, 118, Songpan, 8000-9000’, 11-16 July 1924, 2 ♂ (USNM). Adult habitus. (Adapted from Wu 1938). General color yellow brown. Head with a dark ocellar spot extending forward to M-line, antennae and palpi dark brown. Legs brown except for narrow distal dark line on femur. Male. Forewing length 21-27 mm. Hemitergal lobes short and somewhat swollen basally on inner margins; swollen base and apex with sensilla basiconica present (Figs. 95-96). Tergum 9 with a mesal patch of sensilla basiconica. Aedeagus membranous and curved ventrad from midlength; armature absent from apex, subapical dorsal section and dorsum from near midlength to base (Fig. 96); triangular spines located adjacent to bare apical zone and smaller microtrichia located near midlength and in more basal zones (Fig. 97). Female. Described by Wu & Claassen (1934) and Wu (1938). No specimens were available for our study. Larva. Unknown.
description: Published as part of Sivec, Ignac & Stark, Bill P., 2008, New Species Of Kamimuria Klapálek (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Thailand And Vietnam, With Notes On Chinese Species, pp. 110-138 in Illiesia 4 (12) on pages 133-134, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4758787
description: {"references": ["Sivec, I., B. P. Stark & S. Uchida. 1988. Synopsis of the world genera of Perlinae (Plecoptera: Perlidae). Scopolia, 16: 1 - 66.", "Wu, C. F. 1938. The stoneflies of China (Order Plecoptera). Bulletin of the Peking Society of Natural History, 13: 53 - 87."]}
Evolution Driven by the Infinity Fractional Laplacian
Creators: name: del Teso, Félix
name: Endal, Jørgen
name: Jakobsen, Espen R.
name: Vázquez, Juan Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the evolution problem associated to the infinity fractional Laplacian introduced by Bjorland, Caffarelli and Figalli (2012) as the infinitesimal generator of a non-Brownian tug-of-war game. We first construct a class of viscosity solutions of the initial-value problem for bounded and uniformly continuous data. An important result is the equivalence of the nonlinear operator in higher dimensions with the one-dimensional fractional Laplacian when it is applied to radially symmetric and monotone functions. Thanks to this and a comparison theorem between classical and viscosity solutions, we are able to establish a global Harnack inequality that, in particular, explains the long-time behavior of the solutions.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures
Kamimuria tuberosa Wu
Creators: name: Sivec, Ignac
name: Stark, Bill P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Kamimuria
Kamimuria tuberosa

description: Kamimuria tuberosa Wu (Figs. 101-103) Kamimuria tuberosa Wu, 1973:117. Holotype ♂ (Academia Sinica, Institute of Zoology), Omei Shan, Szechuan (Sichuan), China Material examined. China: Sichuan Province, Shin Kai Si, Mt. Omei, 4400’, 18-20 August 1934, D.C. Graham, 1 ♂ (pinned USNM). Sichuan Province, Mt. Omei, 11000’, 21 July 1935, D.C. Graham, 1 ♂ (USNM). Sichuan Province, Kwanshien, 2900’, 17 July 1938, D.C. Graham (1 ♂ pinned USNM). Sichuan Province, Kwanshien, 3000’, 22 December 1934, D.C. Graham, 1 ♂ (USNM). Sichuan Province, Suifu, 1000’, 5 November 1929, accession number 108446, 1 ♂ (USNM). Adult habitus. Color pattern obscured by specimen condition. Wu (1973) indicates K. tuberosa in his sample were dark brown with dark wings. 103 Male. Forewing length 16-18 mm. Hemitergal lobes very slender and slightly upturned in lateral aspect (Figs. 101-102). Tergum 9 with a median patch of sensilla basiconica and a much smaller patch sometimes present on tergum 8. Aedeagus with a small dorsobasal sclerite and a prominent pair of long curved spines located near the apical third; apex of aedeagus a slender, unarmed, membranous tube but subapical zone armed along ventral margin with multiple close-set rows of large triangular spines, and a second row of 4-5 lateral spines surrounding a field of microtrichia and small triangular spines; an additional patch of spines and microtrichia is located laterally and extends from proximal to a dorsal and a ventral bare lobe to apex of dorsal sclerite (Fig. 103). Female. Unknown. Larva. Unknown. Comments. Placement of these specimens as K. tuberosa is quite problematic since no less than five species with slender hemiterga have been named from Sichuan province and one of these, K. orthogonia Wu, was proposed from a population on Omei [Emei] Shan, type locality for K. tuberosa. This provisional identification will need verification from study of the holotype specimen, presumed to be in the Zoological Institute, Academia Sinica, Beijing. The Suifu specimen was previously identified as “ Perla simplex ” and the Mt. Omei specimen from 11000’ and the Kwanshien specimen from 3000’ were previously identified by S.G. Jewett, Jr. as “ Kamimuria magna ”.
description: Published as part of Sivec, Ignac & Stark, Bill P., 2008, New Species Of Kamimuria Klapálek (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Thailand And Vietnam, With Notes On Chinese Species, pp. 110-138 in Illiesia 4 (12) on page 136, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4758787
description: {"references": ["Wu, C. F. 1973. New species of Chinese stoneflies (Order Plecoptera). Acta Entomologica Sinica, 16: 111 - 118."]}
Interference of dissimilar photon sources
Creators: name: Bennett, A. J.
name: Patel, R. B.
name: Nicoll, C. A.
name: Ritchie, D. A.
name: Shields, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If identical photons meet at a semi-transparent mirror they appear to leave in the same direction, an effect called "two-photon interference". It has been known for some time that this effect should occur for photons generated by dissimilar sources with no common history, provided the easurement cannot distinguish between the photons. Here we report a technique to observe such interference with isolated, unsynchronized sources whose coherence times differ by several orders of magnitude. In an experiment we interfere photons generated via different physical processes, with different photon statistics. One source is stimulated emission from a tuneable laser, which has Poissonian statistics and a nano-eV bandwidth. The other is spontaneous emission from a quantum dot in a p-i-n diode with a micro-eV linewidth. We develop a theory to explain the visibility of interference, which is primarily limited by the timing resolution of our detectors.
Statistical dynamics of a non-Abelian anyonic quantum walk
Creators: name: Lehman, Lauri
name: Zatloukal, Vaclav
name: Brennen, Gavin K.
name: Pachos, Jiannis K.
name: Wang, Zhenghan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the single particle dynamics of a mobile non-Abelian anyon hopping around many pinned anyons on a surface. The dynamics is modelled by a discrete time quantum walk and the spatial degree of freedom of the mobile anyon becomes entangled with the fusion degrees of freedom of the collective system. Each quantum trajectory makes a closed braid on the world lines of the particles establishing a direct connection between statistical dynamics and quantum link invariants. We find that asymptotically a mobile Ising anyon becomes so entangled with its environment that its statistical dynamics reduces to a classical random walk with linear dispersion in contrast to particles with Abelian statistics which have quadratic dispersion.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Minibiotus bisoctus
Creators: name: Claxton, Sandra K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1998
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Tardigrada
Eutardigrada
Parachela
Macrobiotidae
Minibiotus
Minibiotus bisoctus

description: Minibiotus bisoctus (Homing et al., 1978) n.comh. Macrobiotus bisoctus Homing, Schuster&Grigarick, 1978:236- 237, figs. 114-116. Type material examined. PARATYPE: New Zealand: Snares Islands, Penguin Rookery, 9 October 1972, D.S. Homing, 1 specimen (SA255) in NZM. Diagnosis. Smooth cuticle with pores of irregular size and shape arranged in transverse bands, granulation on all legs; three round granular macroplacoids and an indistinct microplacoid; long robust claws with short, high accessory claws and smooth lunules. Emended description. Body length up to 305 Ilm, colourless. Eyespots absent. Cuticle smooth with transverse bands of pores of irregular shape and size and granulation in small patches on outside of first three pairs oflegs above claws and around claws on fourth pair of legs. Buccal tube narrow (8.3% of buccal tube length). Stylet supports inserted at 60.3% of buccal tube length, ventral support short (42% of buccal tube length). Pharyngeal bulb round containing large granular apophyses, three granular macroplacoids and one microplacoid. Macroplacoid row short (31% ofbuccal tube length); first macroplacoid round partly obscured by apophysis, which is about same size, second macroplacoid small, granular, and third macroplacoid granular with slight caudal bulb, which curves towards the midline. Microplacoid indistinct, lying very close to third macroplacoid. Claws long, robust (fourth pair of claws is 31% of buccal tube length). Accessory claws short, rising high above main branch. Lunules very small and smooth on all claws. Eggs unknown.
description: Published as part of Claxton, Sandra K., 1998, A revision of the genus Minibiotus (Tardigrada: Macrobiotidae) with descriptions of eleven new species from Australia, pp. 125-160 in Records of the Australian Museum 50 (2) on page 157, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.50.1998.1276, http://zenodo.org/record/4652937
description: {"references": ["Homing, D. S., R. O. Schuster & A. A. Grigarick, 1978. Tardigrada of New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 5: 185 - 280."]}
Good neighbours : the role of non-lignified cells in Arabidopsis lignification
Creators: name: Smith, Rebecca Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Lignin is a critical structural component of plants, providing vascular integrity and mechanical strength. Lignin precursors, monolignols, must be exported to the extracellular matrix where random oxidative coupling produces a complex lignin polymer. The objectives of this study were twofold: to determine the timing of lignification, with respect to programmed cell death during Arabidopsis thaliana primary xylem development, and to determine which cells are contributing to the lignification of tracheary elements and fibres. This thesis demonstrates that lignin deposition is not exclusively a post-mortem event, but also occurs prior to programmed cell death. Radiolabelled monolignols were not detected in the cytoplasm or vacuoles of tracheary elements or neighbours. To experimentally define which cells in lignifying tissues contribute to lignification in intact plants, a microRNA against CINNAMOYL CoA-REDUCTASE1, driven by the promoter from CELLULOSE SYNTHASE 7 (proCESA7:miRNA CCR1), was used to silence monolignol biosynthesis in cells developing secondary cell walls. When monolignol biosynthesis was knocked down specifically in the cells with thickened secondary cell walls, but not in the neighbouring cells, lignin was still deposited in the xylem secondary cell walls. This indicates that “good neighbour” cells are sufficient to produce lignin in the vascular bundles. Surprisingly, this was not the case in the interfascicular fibres, where a dramatic reduction in cell wall lignification demonstrates that these extra-xylary fibers undergo cell autonomous lignification. When a fibre-specific promoter (proAtPEROXIDASE64) was used to drive the miRNA, autonomous extraxylary fibre lignification was again observed, as was non-cell autonomous lignification between xylary fibres and neighbouring tracheary elements. These effects may have reflected compensatory mechanisms in response to lignin downregulation, so to demonstrate that discrete cell populations, such as xylem parenchyma, do contribute to lignification, genes encoding enzymes catalyzing the synthesis of novel monolignol conjugates were introduced into wild-type Arabidopsis using cell population-specific promoters. The detection of novel monolignol conjugates in the cell wall by chemical analysis and fluorescence microscopy supported the contribution of tracheary elements and fibres to lignification and also revealed that xylary parenchyma cells are producing monolignol substrates and acting as “good neighbours” to tracheary elements and xylary fibres during lignification.
Microemulsion nanocomposites: phase diagram, rheology and structure using a combined small angle neutron scattering and reverse Monte Carlo approach
Creators: name: Puech, Nicolas
name: Mora, Serge
name: Phou, Ty
name: Porte, Gregoire
name: Jestin, Jacques
name: Oberdisse, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of silica nanoparticles on transient microemulsion networks made of microemulsion droplets and telechelic copolymer molecules in water is studied, as a function of droplet size and concentration, amount of copolymer, and nanoparticle volume fraction. The phase diagram is found to be affected, and in particular the percolation threshold characterized by rheology is shifted upon addition of nanoparticles, suggesting participation of the particles in the network. This leads to a peculiar reinforcement behaviour of such microemulsion nanocomposites, the silica influencing both the modulus and the relaxation time. The reinforcement is modelled based on nanoparticles connected to the network via droplet adsorption. Contrast-variation Small Angle Neutron Scattering coupled to a reverse Monte Carlo approach is used to analyse the microstructure. The rather surprising intensity curves are shown to be in good agreement with the adsorption of droplets on the nanoparticle surface.