cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sizing up the tariff : an econometric inquiry into the effect of Kennedy round tariff concessions on productivity in the Canadian manufacturing sector
Creators: name: Pipe, Roger Daviss
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Evidence suggests that productivity in the Canadian manufacturing sector has been consistently lower than in the United States. During the past two decades, a concensus has arisen among mainstream Canadian economists that the tariff, in conjunction with other forces, is largely responsible for these interindustry productivity differences and, by corollary, that tariff reductions would lead to improved performance in Canadian manufacturing. However, despite numerous econometric studies, no statistical evidence has ever been found to conclusively support this view. This thesis builds upon these earlier studies to construct a model of inter-industry relative productivity change in the Canadian manufacturing sector for the years 1970 to 1979. This was the period following the substantial tariff concessions made during the 1965 Kennedy Round of tariff negotiations of the signatories of General Agreement on "Trade and Tariffs, and thus provided an ideal time period in which to analyze the effect of tariff reductions on industrial structure and performance. The study makes two important contributions: first, newly collected trade data on the tariff items and commodities affected by the Kennedy Round enabled the construction of variables to measure the impact of the Kennedy Round reductions on individual industries, permitting the construction of a more finely-tuned model than was previously possible. Second, the thesis goes beyond the static models developed in earlier studies by creating a dynamic model of inter-industry relative productivity change. One of the main findings was that industries that were significantly affected by the Kennedy Round tariff concessions showed a tendency to be less productive than unaffected industries, suggesting that concessions were made in uncompetitive industries, either because they faced little competition from foreign markets or because of a political decision to reduce tariff support to chronically uncompetitive manufacturers. Furthermore, productivity growth was found to be negatively correlated to the breadth of tariff concession made in an industry, suggesting that other, non-tariff, forms of protection may have protected highly affected industries in the ensuing years. The other finding concerned the role of the tariff in productivity change. No evidence was found to support the view that large productivity gains could be expected from a reduction in the tariff. For highly concentrated industries, a one percent decrease in the tariff was estimated to result in a productivity increase on the order of 0.013% for the period 1970 to 1979.
Adiabatic quantum pumping at the Josephson frequency
Creators: name: Russo, S.
name: Tobiska, J.
name: Klapwijk, T. M.
name: Morpurgo, A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze theoretically adiabatic quantum pumping through a normal conductor that couples the normal regions of two superconductor/normal metal/superconductor Josephson junctions. By using the phases of the superconducting order parameter in the superconducting contacts as pumping parameters, we demonstrate that a non zero pumped charge can flow through the device. The device exploits the evolution of the superconducting phases due to the ac Josephson effect, and can therefore be operated at very high frequency, resulting in a pumped current as large as a few nanoAmperes. The experimental relevance of our calculations is discussed.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Measuring the Momentum of a Nanomechanical Oscillator through the Use of Two Tunnel Junctions
Creators: name: Doiron, C. B.
name: Trauzettel, B.
name: Bruder, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a way to measure the momentum p of a nanomechanical oscillator. The p-detector is based on two tunnel junctions in a Aharonov-Bohm-type setup. One of the tunneling amplitudes depends on the motion of the oscillator, the other one not. Although the coupling between the detector and the oscillator is assumed to be linear in the position x of the oscillator, it turns out that the finite-frequency noise output of the detector will in general contain a term proportional to the momentum spectrum of the oscillator. This is a true quantum phenomenon, which can be realized in practice if the phase of the tunneling amplitude of the detector is tuned by the Aharonov-Bohm flux Phi to a p-sensitive value.
description: New title. Published version
Phases of three dimensional large N QCD on a continuum torus
Creators: name: Narayanan, R.
name: Neuberger, H.
name: Reynoso, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is established by numerical means that continuum large N QCD defined on a three dimensional torus can exist in four different phases. They are (i) confined phase; (ii) deconfined phase; (iii) small box at zero temperature and (iv) small box at high temperatures.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Local cloning of genuine entangled states of three qubit
Creators: name: Choudhary, Sujit K.
name: Kar, Guruprasad
name: Kunkri, Samir
name: Rahaman, Ramij
name: Roy, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss (im)possibility of the exact cloning of orthogonal but genuinely entangled three qubit states aided with entangled ancila under local operation and classical communication. Whereas any two orthogonal GHZ states taken from the canonical GHZ basis, can be cloned with the help of a known GHZ state, surprisingly we find that no two W states can be cloned by using any known three qubit (possibly entangled) state as blank copy.
description: 4 pages
Transport properties of chemically synthesized polypyrrole thin films
Creators: name: Bufon, C. C. Bof
name: Heinzel, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic transport in polypyrrole thin films synthesized chemically from the vapor phase is studied as a function of temperature as well as of electric and magnetic fields. We find distinct differences in comparison to the behavior of both polypyrrole films prepared by electrochemical growth as well as of the bulk films obtained from conventional chemical synthesis. For small electric fields F, a transition from Efros-Shklovskii variable range hopping to Arrhenius activated transport is observed at 30 K. High electric fields induce short range hopping. The characteristic hopping distance is found to be proportional to F^(-1/2). The magnetoresistance R(B) is independent of F below a critical magnetic field, above which F counteracts the magnetic field induced localization.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
CPT and lepton number violation in neutrino sector: Modified mass matrix and oscillation due to gravity
Creators: name: Sinha, Monika
name: Mukhopadhyay, Banibrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the consequences of CPT and lepton number violation in neutrino sector. For CPT violation we take gravity with which neutrino and antineutrino couple differently. Gravity mixes neutrino and antineutrino in an unequal ratio to give two mass eigenstates. Lepton number violation interaction together with CPT violation gives rise to neutrino-antineutrino oscillation. Subsequently, we study the neutrino flavor mixing and oscillation under the influence of gravity. It is found that gravity changes flavor oscillation significantly which influences the relative abundance of different flavors in present universe. We show that the neutrinoless double beta decay rate is modified due to presence of gravity- the origin of CPT violation, as the mass of the flavor state is modified.
description: 16 pages, no figure. A new section included describing effect of gravity on flavor oscillation; title, abstract, discussion section modified. Final version to appear in Physical Review D
Additional file 1: of Activation of LXRɑ/β by cholesterol in malignant ascites promotes chemoresistance in ovarian cancer
Creators: name: Kim, Soochi
name: Lee, Maria
name: Dhanasekaran, Danny
name: Song, Yong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Virology

description: Figure S1. Cholesterol loading and ovarian cancer cell viability. PA-1, OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cell lines treated with indicated concentration of water soluble cholesterol (A) and cholesterol loading control, MβCD (B) for 48 h. Cell viability were measured using MTT assay. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001. Figure S2. Cholesterol increase CDDP and PAC resistance in ovarian cancer cells. (A-B) The indicated concentrations of CDDP and PAC were treated to three ovarian cancer cell lines (PA-1, OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3) and ascites derived ovarian cancer cells (A8, A39 and A53) with or without cholesterol (5 μg/ml) pre-treatment for 24 h. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Figure S3. Cholesterol in ovarian cancer patient derived ascites promotes resistance to CDDP and PAC combination. (A) The indicated combination concentration of CDDP and PAC were treated to PA-1 cell. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. (B1) CDDP and PAC combination induced apoptotic cell death determined by Annexin V/PI staining for 24 h after treatment with each respective malignant ascites. (Black box indicate control without CDDP+PAC combination treatment). (B2) Correlation between cholesterol levels in malignant ascites and relative ratio o number of CDDP and PAC combination induced apoptotic cell death. The correlation coefficient square (R2) was determined by Pearson’s correlation coefficient test. Significant differences are indicated as follows. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. (DOCX 335 kb)
HARMONI at ELT: tolerance analysis and expected as-build imaging performance of the infrared spectrograph
Creators: name: Muslimov, Eduard
name: Castillo-Dominguez, Edgar
name: Kariuki, James
name: Chao-Ortiz, Jorge
name: Tecza, Matthias
name: Meyer, Elliot
name: Ozer, Zeynep
name: Clarke, Fraser
name: Thatte, Niranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HARMONI is the first light visible and near-IR integral field spectrograph for the ELT. It covers a large spectral range from 470nm to 2450nm with resolving powers from 3300 to 18000 and spatial sampling from 60mas to 4mas. It can operate in two Adaptive Optics modes - SCAO (including a High Contrast capability) and LTAO - or with NOAO. The project is preparing for Final Design Reviews. The integral field spectrograph is a key sub-system of HARMONI instrument, which forms the 2D spectral image and projects it onto the scientific detector. It has 40 operational modes with different platescales and gratings covering the band of 811-2450 nm with three resolution grades. In each of this configurations the as-built spectrograph wave-front error is strictly limited. We perform the sensitivity analysis for measurable and unknown errors and build the errors budget on this basis. Then we correct the values for the actual technological limits and perform a three-stage Monte-Carlo analysis combined with simulation of a few specific effect as the holographic grating wavefront error. Eventually, we show that it is possible to reach the target image quality in terms of the wavefront error and spectral resolution for the entire sub-system with practically feasible tolerances on design parameters.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, 1 table
Metastable Vacua and Complex Deformations
Creators: name: Tatar, Radu
name: Wetenhall, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the non-normalizable complex deformations to describe the stringy realizations of the metastable vacua in N = 1, SU(N_c) SUSY theories with N_f > N_c massive fundamental flavors. The consideration of the non-normalizable deformations requires a modified Toric duality. The new approach considers the tachyon condensation between pairs of wrapped D5 branes and anti D5 branes and the resulting mixing between some cycles in the geometry. We enlarge the class of metastable vacua to the case of branes-antibranes wrapped on cycles of deformed A_n singularities.
description: 22 Pages, Latex
Iterated Local Search with Linkage Learning
Creators: name: Tinós, Renato
name: Przewozniczek, Michal W.
name: Whitley, Darrell
name: Chicano, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In pseudo-Boolean optimization, a variable interaction graph represents variables as vertices, and interactions between pairs of variables as edges. In black-box optimization, the variable interaction graph may be at least partially discovered by using empirical linkage learning techniques. These methods never report false variable interactions, but they are computationally expensive. The recently proposed local search with linkage learning discovers the partial variable interaction graph as a side-effect of iterated local search. However, information about the strength of the interactions is not learned by the algorithm. We propose local search with linkage learning 2, which builds a weighted variable interaction graph that stores information about the strength of the interaction between variables. The weighted variable interaction graph can provide new insights about the optimization problem and behavior of optimizers. Experiments with NK landscapes, knapsack problem, and feature selection show that local search with linkage learning 2 is able to efficiently build weighted variable interaction graphs. In particular, experiments with feature selection show that the weighted variable interaction graphs can be used for visualizing the feature interactions in machine learning. Additionally, new transformation operators that exploit the interactions between variables can be designed. We illustrate this ability by proposing a new perturbation operator for iterated local search.
Additional file 2 of Regulation of Miwi-mediated mRNA stabilization by Ck137956/Tssa is essential for male fertility
Creators: name: Chen, Yu
name: Zhang, Xiangzheng
name: Jiang, Jiayin
name: Luo, Mengjiao
name: Tu, Haixia
name: Xu, Chen
name: Tan, Huanhuan
name: Zhou, Xin
name: Chen, Hong
name: Han, Xudong
name: Yue, Qiuling
name: Guo, Yueshuai
name: Zheng, Ke
name: Qi, Yaling
name: Situ, Chenghao
name: Cui, Yiqiang
name: Guo, Xuejiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. siRNA oligonucleotides. Table S2. Gene-specific primers used in qRT-PCR. Table S3. piRNA specific primers used in qRT-PCR. Table S4. Antibodies used in this study.
Literacy as a learner variable in the use of salient letter codes for dedicated speech computers
Creators: name: Rao, Sudha Suzanne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Literacy level is an important user variable in the process of selecting an appropriate augmentative communication device for a nonspeaking individual. This study investigated how much literacy was sufficient for a child to learn and remember salient letter codes to access prestored communicative messages from the memory of dedicated speech computers. Recent investigations (Light et al., 1988) have demonstrated that salient letter codes are the type of code most easily and accurately remembered by nonspeaking, literate adults. The present study examined the use of the salient letter encoding technique by children with varying degrees of literacy. The performance of three groups of normal children (19 literate, 21 emergent literate and 21 preliterate) was measured in terms of error rate and strategy use as a function of literacy ability after specific codes and the salient letter encoding strategy were explicitly taught for accessing ten communicative messages. Error analysis showed that the emergent literate and literate groups used the salient letter encoding strategy whereas the preliterate group used two ineffective visual strategies. Mean accuracy scores indicated mastery of the salient letter encoding technique by literate subjects (89% correct), sufficient performance by emergent literate subjects (66% correct) and very poor performance by preliterate subjects (27% correct). The accuracy scores and patterns of strategy use indicated that emergent literacy skills were sufficient for use of salient letter codes. It seems likely that future research using personalized codes with emergent literate children may demonstrate improved accuracy. The generalizability of these results to disordered populations and application to iconic systems was discussed. Extrapolated to the nonspeaking population, the results indicate that literate or emergent literate nonspeaking children would be capable users of salient letter codes. The performance of the three experimental groups was compared from the heuristic of a procedural view of memory with regard to opposing views of the nature of psycholinguistic and literacy development.
A NICER View of the Massive Pulsar PSR J0740+6620 Informed by Radio Timing and XMM-Newton Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Riley, Thomas E.
name: Watts, Anna L.
name: Ray, Paul S.
name: Bogdanov, Slavko
name: Guillot, Sebastien
name: Morsink, Sharon M.
name: Bilous, Anna V.
name: Arzoumanian, Zaven
name: Choudhury, Devarshi
name: Deneva, Julia S.
name: Gendreau, Keith C.
name: Harding, Alice K.
name: Ho, Wynn C. G.
name: Lattimer, James M.
name: Loewenstein, Michael
name: Ludlam, Renee M.
name: Markwardt, Craig B.
name: Okajima, Takashi
name: Prescod-Weinstein, Chanda
name: Remillard, Ronald A.
name: Wolff, Michael T.
name: Fonseca, Emmanuel
name: Cromartie, H. Thankful
name: Kerr, Matthew
name: Pennucci, Timothy T.
name: Parthasarathy, Aditya
name: Ransom, Scott
name: Stairs, Ingrid
name: Guillemot, Lucas
name: Cognard, Ismael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on Bayesian estimation of the radius, mass, and hot surface regions of the massive millisecond pulsar PSR J0740$+$6620, conditional on pulse-profile modeling of Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer X-ray Timing Instrument (NICER XTI) event data. We condition on informative pulsar mass, distance, and orbital inclination priors derived from the joint NANOGrav and CHIME/Pulsar wideband radio timing measurements of arXiv:2104.00880. We use XMM European Photon Imaging Camera spectroscopic event data to inform our X-ray likelihood function. The prior support of the pulsar radius is truncated at 16 km to ensure coverage of current dense matter models. We assume conservative priors on instrument calibration uncertainty. We constrain the equatorial radius and mass of PSR J0740$+$6620 to be $12.39_{-0.98}^{+1.30}$ km and $2.072_{-0.066}^{+0.067}$ M$_{\odot}$ respectively, each reported as the posterior credible interval bounded by the 16% and 84% quantiles, conditional on surface hot regions that are non-overlapping spherical caps of fully-ionized hydrogen atmosphere with uniform effective temperature; a posteriori, the temperature is $\log_{10}(T$ [K]$)=5.99_{-0.06}^{+0.05}$ for each hot region. All software for the X-ray modeling framework is open-source and all data, model, and sample information is publicly available, including analysis notebooks and model modules in the Python language. Our marginal likelihood function of mass and equatorial radius is proportional to the marginal joint posterior density of those parameters (within the prior support) and can thus be computed from the posterior samples.
description: 40 pages, 16 figures (3 of which are figure sets), 1 animation, 2 tables. ApJL accepted version. Software: https://github.com/ThomasEdwardRiley/xpsi. Zenodo: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4697624. (v1 = submitted version; v2 = accepted version; v3 = metadata edits)
Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project - Volume 58
Creators: name: Klein, G. deV.
name: Kobayashi, K.
name: The Leg 58 Science Party
Publisher: name: U.S. Government Printing Office
Year: 1980
Subjects: Deep Sea Drilling Project
Glomar Challenger
DSDP
Leg 58
Site 442
Site 443
Site 444
Site 445
Site 446
Shikoku Basin
Daito Ridge
Philippine Sea

description: This volume covers Leg 58 of the cruises of the Drilling Vessel Glomar Challenger. Leg 58 began in Yokohama, Japan in December 1977 and terminated in Okinawa, Japan in January 1978. A total of 9 holes were drilled at 5 sites. Several objectives were developed by the JOIDES Active Margin Panel for Leg 58 in the north Philippine Sea. Drilling concentrated in the Shikoku Basin and the Daito Ridge and Basin province of the northwestern part of the Philippine Sea. The Shikoku Basin sites were selected to solve several problems concerning back-arc basins formed by ocean-floor spreading. It was expected that drilling would result in recovery of basement basalts to determine the age of oceanic crust, and to answer some petrogenetic questions. Also, it was expected that drilling might resolve some outstanding problems related to sediment evolution during the rifting of the basin, as well as some general problems related to paleocirculation in the basin. Therefore, our principal objectives in the Shikoku Basin were (1) to determine the age of the oldest sediment, so as to calibrate magnetic-anomaly ages and to provide a test for various spreading models suggested for the basin; (2) to investigate the mineralogy, petrology, and chemistry of basalt samples recovered by drilling, and to compare there basalts with those of mid-ocean ridges, so as to understand the nature and source of magmatic materials in these basins; (3) to determine the distribution of sediment types in time, and to relate that distribution to the tectonic history of the basin; and (4) to determine the paleocirculation within the basin during its initial rifting history and during its post-rifting history. Sites in the Daito Ridge and Basin province were drilled with various objectives relevant to the origin of back-arc basins and related tectonic features. Objectives of drilling in the Daito Ridge and Basin province were (1) to determine the age of acoustic basement, so as to establish the time of arc and back-arc-basin development; (2) to determine the mineralogy, petrology, and chemistry of acoustic-basement rocks and to compare them with mid-ocean basalts; (3) to determine the amount of subsidence of Daito Ridge since the Eocene; (4) to determine the relationships of sedimentation events to the tectonic evolution of this region; and (5) to investigate the paleoceanography of the region.
Wet Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals May Be More Common For Spaceborne Gravitational Wave Detection
Creators: name: Pan, Zhen
name: Lyu, Zhenwei
name: Yang, Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals (EMRIs) can be classified as dry EMRIs and wet EMRIs based on their formation mechanisms. Dry (or the "loss-cone") EMRIs, previously considered as the main EMRI sources for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, are primarily produced by multi-body scattering in the nuclear star cluster and gravitational capture. In this work, we highlight an alternative EMRI formation channel: (wet) EMRI formation assisted by the accretion flow around accreting galactic-center massive black holes (MBHs). In this channel, the accretion disk captures stellar-mass black holes that are intially moving on inclined orbits, and subsequently drives them to migrate towards the MBH - this process boosts the formation rate of EMRIs in such galaxies by orders of magnitude. Taking into account the fraction ($\mathcal O(10^{-2}-10^{-1})$) of active galactic nuclei where the MBHs are expected to be rapidly accreting, we forecast that wet EMRIs will contribute an important or even dominant fraction of all detectable EMRIs by spaceborne gravitational wave detectors.
description: matching prd version
Topological Protection in a Strongly Nonlinear Interface Lattice
Creators: name: Tempelman, Joshua R.
name: Matlack, Kathryn H.
name: Vakakis, Alexander F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanical topological insulators are well understood for linear and weakly nonlinear systems, however traditional analysis methods break down for strongly nonlinear systems since linear methods can not be applied in that case. We study one such system in the form of a one-dimensional mechanical analog of the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger interface model with strong nonlinearity of the cubic form. The frequency-energy dependence of the nonlinear bulk modes and topologically insulated mode is explored using Numerical continuation of the system's nonlinear normal modes (NNMs), and the linear stability of the NNMs are investigated using Floquet Multipliers (FMs) and Krein signature analysis. We find that the nonlinear topological lattice supports a family of topologically insulated NNMs that are parameterized by the total energy of the system and are stable within a range of frequencies. Next, it is shown that empirical calculations of the geometric Zak Phase can define an energy threshold to predict the excitability of the nonlinear topological mode, and that this threshold coincides with the energy that the topological NNM intersects the linear bulk-spectrum. These predictions are validated with numerical simulations of the nonlinear topological system. These results are also tested for parametric perturbations which preserve and break chirality in the system. Thus, we provide a new method for analyzing and predicting the existence of topologically insulated modes in a strongly nonlinear lattice based on the physical observable of band topology.
description: 16 Pages, 10 figures
Optimized sampling patterns for the sparse recovery of system matrices in Magnetic Particle Imaging
Creators: name: Grosser, Mirco
name: Knopp, Tobias
Publisher: name: International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging
Year: 2021

description: In Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI), the system matrix plays an important role, as it encodes the relationship between particle concentration and the measured signal. Its acquisition requires a time-consuming calibration scan, which can be a limiting factor in practical applications. Calibration time can be reduced using compressed sensing, which exploits the knowledge that the MPI system matrix has a sparse representation in a suitably chosen domain. This work seeks to further enhance sparse system matrix recovery by optimizing the sampling points to the signal class at hand. For this purpose we introduce an experiment design method based on the Bayesian Fisher information matrix. Our technique uses a previously measured system matrix to tailor the sampling pattern to the signal class at hand. Our tests show that the optimized sampling patterns lead to a more accurate system matrix recovery than popular random sampling approaches. Moreover, our tests demonstrate that the optimized sampling patterns are sufficiently robust to enhance the recovery of system matrices for other types of particles or other experimental conditions. Int. J. Mag. Part. Imag. 7(2), 2021, Article ID: 2112001, DOI: 10.18416/IJMPI.2021.2112001
description: International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, Vol 7 No 2 (2021)
HPC Cloud traces for better cloud service reliability
Creators: name: Dehury, Chinmaya Kumar
name: Chhetri, Tek Raj
name: Lind, Artjom
name: Srirama, Satish Narayana
name: Fensel, Anna
Publisher: name: Semantic Technology Institute (STI) Innsbruck, Department of Computer Science, University of Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Estonia; School of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Hyderabad, India
Year: 2021
Subjects: Failure Prediction
Fault-tolerance
Cloud computing
Artificial Intelligence
Reliability

description: This data is in support of the research on "A combined system metrics approach to cloud service reliability using artificial intelligence" (doi: 10.20944/preprints202111.0548.v1)
A case study for identifying the efficiency of protected-permitted over protected only left turn signal design for various traffic flow conditions
Creators: name: Hossain, Ahmed
name: Afaq, Muhammad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90507 Transport Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: For varied traffic situations, a case study was conducted to determine the efficiency of protected/permitted (PP) over protected only (PO) left turn signal design using Synchro Studio software. The traffic flow was designed as a base traffic flow and increased traffic flow conditions (10% volume increase up to 200%). Two different cycle length criteria were considered including starting length of 60 seconds and optimized cycle length. Several parameters were used as efficiency measures including volume/capacity ratio, intersection capacity utilization, signal delay, and level of service. The findings yielded several noteworthy indicators for assessing the effectiveness of PO and PP signal design. For 60 seconds cycle length, the v/c ratio reaches 1 for 10% and 60% volume increase for PO and PP respectively. For optimized cycle length design, the v/c ratio reached 1 for a 100% volume increase under PO while the same ratio reached 1 for a 120% volume increase under PP. For maximum flow conditions (200% volume increase), the intersection average delay is obtained as 418 seconds for the PO signal which is approximately 38% more than the PP signal. For optimized cycle length design under maximum flow condition (200% volume increase), the obtained intersection average delay was found as 140 seconds for PO which is around 12% more than the PP. Based on the obtained results, PP works more efficiently than PO under the specified flow conditions.
The Evolution of Dark Matter Halo Properties in Clusters, Filaments, Sheets and Voids
Creators: name: Hahn, Oliver
name: Carollo, C. Marcella
name: Porciani, Cristiano
name: Dekel, Avishai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a series of N-body simulations of the LCDM cosmology to investigate the redshift evolution since z=1 of the properties and alignment with the large-scale structure of haloes in clusters, filaments, sheets and voids. We find that: (i) Once a rescaling of the halo mass with M*, the mass scale collapsing at redshift z, is performed, there is no further significant redshift dependence in the halo properties; (ii) The environment influences halo shape and formation time at all investigated redshifts for haloes with masses MM* in filaments spin more rapidly than similar mass haloes in clusters; haloes in voids have the lowest median spin parameters; c) Haloes with MM* perpendicular to it. For masses M>M*, the major axis of haloes in filaments and sheets is strongly aligned with the filament or the sheet. Such halo-LSS alignments may be of importance in weak lensing analyses of cosmic shear. A question that is opened by our study is why, in the 0 < z < 1 redshift regime that we have investigated, the mass scale M* sets roughly the threshold below which the LSS-environment either begins to affect, or reverses, the properties of dark matter haloes.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures. Version accepted for publication in MNRAS. Version with high-resolution figures available at http://www.exp-astro.phys.ethz.ch/hahn/pub/HCPD07.pdf
Time Dependent Local Field Distribution and Metastable States in the SK-Spin-Glass
Creators: name: Horner, Heinz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different sets of metastable states can be reached in glassy systems below some transition temperature depending on initial conditions and details of the dynamics. This is investigated for the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin glass model with long ranged interactions. In particular, the time dependent local field distribution and energy are calculated for zero temperature. This is done for a system quenched to zero temperature, slow cooling or simulated annealing, a greedy algorithm and repeated tapping. Results are obtained from Monte-Carlo simulations and a Master-Fokker-Planck approach. A comparison with replica symmetry broken theory, evaluated in high orders, shows that the energies obtained via dynamics are higher than the ground state energy of replica theory. Tapping and simulated annealing yield on the other hand results which are very close to the ground state energy. The local field distribution tends to zero for small fields. This is in contrast to the Edwards flat measure hypothesis. The distribution of energies obtained for different tapping strengths does again not follow the canonical form proposed by Edwards.
description: Minor changes and journal reference added. 10 pages 6 figures
Condensation of Ideal Bose Gas Confined in a Box Within a Canonical Ensemble
Creators: name: Glaum, Konstantin
name: Kleinert, Hagen
name: Pelster, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We set up recursion relations for the partition function and the ground-state occupancy for a fixed number of non-interacting bosons confined in a square box potential and determine the temperature dependence of the specific heat and the particle number in the ground state. A proper semiclassical treatment is set up which yields the correct small-T-behavior in contrast to an earlier theory in Feynman's textbook on Statistical Mechanics, in which the special role of the ground state was ignored. The results are compared with an exact quantum mechanical treatment. Furthermore, we derive the finite-size effect of the system.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Computing Extensions of Linear Codes
Creators: name: Grassl, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper deals with the problem of increasing the minimum distance of a linear code by adding one or more columns to the generator matrix. Several methods to compute extensions of linear codes are presented. Many codes improving the previously known lower bounds on the minimum distance have been found.
description: accepted for publication at ISIT 07
Control of bifurcation structures using shape optimization
Creators: name: Boullé, Nicolas
name: Farrell, Patrick E.
name: Paganini, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65P30, 65P40, 37M20, 65K10

description: Many problems in engineering can be understood as controlling the bifurcation structure of a given device. For example, one may wish to delay the onset of instability, or bring forward a bifurcation to enable rapid switching between states. We propose a numerical technique for controlling the bifurcation diagram of a nonlinear partial differential equation by varying the shape of the domain. Specifically, we are able to delay or advance a given branch point to a target parameter value. The algorithm consists of solving a shape optimization problem constrained by an augmented system of equations, the Moore--Spence system, that characterize the location of the branch points. Numerical experiments on the Allen--Cahn, Navier--Stokes, and hyperelasticity equations demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique in a wide range of settings.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures
High-Frequency Oscillations in a Solar Active Region observed with the Rapid Dual Imager
Creators: name: Jess, D. B.
name: Andic, A.
name: Mathioudakis, M.
name: Bloomfield, D. S.
name: Keenan, F. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-cadence, synchronized, multiwavelength optical observations of a solar active region (NOAA 10794) are presented. The data were obtained with the Dunn Solar Telescope at the National Solar Observatory/Sacramento Peak using a newly developed camera system : the Rapid Dual Imager. Wavelet analysis is undertaken to search for intensity related oscillatory signatures, and periodicities ranging from 20 to 370 s are found with significance levels exceeding 95%. Observations in the H-alpha blue wing show more penumbral oscillatory phenomena when compared to simultaneous G-band observations. The H-alpha oscillations are interpreted as the signatures of plasma motions with a mean velocity of 20 km/s. The strong oscillatory power over H-alpha blue-wing and G-band penumbral bright grains is an indication of the Evershed flow with frequencies higher than previously reported.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Multimodal Clustering Networks for Self-supervised Learning from Unlabeled Videos
Creators: name: Chen, Brian
name: Rouditchenko, Andrew
name: Duarte, Kevin
name: Kuehne, Hilde
name: Thomas, Samuel
name: Boggust, Angie
name: Panda, Rameswar
name: Kingsbury, Brian
name: Feris, Rogerio
name: Harwath, David
name: Glass, James
name: Picheny, Michael
name: Chang, Shih-Fu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multimodal self-supervised learning is getting more and more attention as it allows not only to train large networks without human supervision but also to search and retrieve data across various modalities. In this context, this paper proposes a self-supervised training framework that learns a common multimodal embedding space that, in addition to sharing representations across different modalities, enforces a grouping of semantically similar instances. To this end, we extend the concept of instance-level contrastive learning with a multimodal clustering step in the training pipeline to capture semantic similarities across modalities. The resulting embedding space enables retrieval of samples across all modalities, even from unseen datasets and different domains. To evaluate our approach, we train our model on the HowTo100M dataset and evaluate its zero-shot retrieval capabilities in two challenging domains, namely text-to-video retrieval, and temporal action localization, showing state-of-the-art results on four different datasets.
description: To be presented at ICCV 2021
COGNITIVE SCREENING TESTS FOR PATIENTS WITH EPILEPSY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW FOCUSING ON TEST VALIDITY AND DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY
Creators: name: Kladi, Anastasia
name: Campbell, Iain
name: Evans, Jonathan
name: Moraitou, Despina
Publisher: name: Hellenic Journal of Psychology
Year: 2021
Subjects: cognitive screening tools; epilepsy; EpiTrack; quality assessment; validation studies.

description: Epilepsy often affects cognition. The goal of this review was to systematically examine evidence for the validity of cognitive screening tests currently being used in epilepsy. MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched from 1946/1947 until the 12th of March 2019. Only studies that met the eligibility criteria and which reported at least some diagnostic accuracy data were included. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria, relating to five screening tools. The EpiTrack was the most commonly used tool, while the test most frequently used as a reference standard was the Digit Span. Diagnostic accuracy of cognitive screening tools in epilepsy remains limited and the risk of bias is generally high. EpiTrack is suggested as the appropriate screening tool to begin the assessment with, as it is specifically constructed for and validated on patients with epilepsy, it provides specific cutoff points and a satisfactory level of reliability.
description: Hellenic Journal of Psychology, Vol 18, No 3 (2021)
Prospects for chargino pair production at CEPC
Creators: name: Yuan, Jia-Rong
name: Cheng, Hua-Jie
name: Zhuang, Xu-Ai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proposed Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC), with a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s} = 240$ GeV, will primarily serve as a Higgs factory. At the same time, it can offer good opportunities to search for new physics phenomena at low energy, which can be challenging to discover at hadron colliders, but well motivated by some theoretical models developed to explain, e.g., the relic abundance of dark matter. This paper presents sensitivity studies of chargino pair production, considering scenarios for both a Bino-like and a Higgsino-like neutralino as the lightest supersymmetric particle, using full Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. With the assumption of systematic uncertainties at the level of 5%, the CEPC has the ability to discover chargino pair production up to the kinematic limit of $\sqrt{s}/2$ for both scenarios. The results have a minor dependence on the reconstruction model and detector geometry. These results can also be considered as a reference and benchmark for similar searches at other proposed electron-positron colliders, such as the Future Circular Collider ee (FCC-ee) or the International Linear Collider (ILC), particularly given the similar nature of the facilities, detectors, center-of-mass energies, and target luminosities.
Functional morphology of egg capsules in a marine gastropod Nucella emarginata
Creators: name: Rawlings, Timothy Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Egg capsules of the marine whelk Nucella emarqinata were examined with respect to intraspecific variation in capsule morphology and resistance to intertidal predators. Capsules were collected from three intertidal populations separated along a wave-exposure gradient. Wall thickness, dry weight, and protective quality of capsules differed extensively among these populations; however, these capsular properties did not reflect differences in wave-exposure levels. Capsule size was found to increase from wave-exposed to wave-sheltered shores and paralleled differences in snail size among sites. Laboratory experiments, and field tests incorporating predator-exclusion cages, were used to determine the extent of predation on Nucella emarqinata capsules and to identify capsule predators. Capsule cases were regularly eaten by intertidal predators such as shore crabs, Hemiqrapsus spp., and isopods, Idotea wosnesenskii. These invertebrates were responsible for opening a maximum of 32% of capsules present at two study sites. Despite differences in thickness and strength of capsules among populations, no capsules were completely resistant to these predators; however, thick capsule walls did appear to convey some protective advantage. Preliminary laboratory tests indicated that thin-walled capsules were preferentially opened by Idotea wosnesenskii.
Employing Secondary and Approximate Authorizations to Improve Access Control Systems
Creators: name: Beznosov, Konstantin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: SAAM
JAMES
access control
Bell-LaPadulla
BLP
CSAR
access control models and languages

description: The request-response paradigm used for developing access control solutions commonly leads to point-to-point (PTP) architectures, with security enforcement logic obtaining decisions from authorization servers through remote procedure calls. In massive-scale and complex enterprises, PTP authorization architectures result in fragile and inefficient solutions. They also fail to exploit virtually free CPU resources and network bandwidth. This talk introduces a three-fold approach to improving availability and performance of authorization solutions: employing publish-subscribe technologies, *actively* recycling authorizations, and flooding policy enforcement points with speculatively precomputed *junk* authorizations.  After introducing the approach, the talk describes in detail the active authorization recycling part. Specifically, it defines the secondary and approximate authorization model (SAAM). In SAAM, approximate authorization responses are inferred from cached primary responses, and therefore provide an alternative source of access control decisions in the event that the authorization server is unavailable or slow. The ability to compute approximate authorizations is expected to improve the reliability and performance of access control sub-systems and ultimately the application systems themselves. The operation of a system that employs SAAM depends on the type of access control policy it implements. We propose and analyze algorithms for computing secondary authorizations in the case of policies based on the Bell-LaPadula model. In this context, we define a dominance graph, and describe its construction and usage for generating secondary responses to authorization requests. We discuss preliminary results of evaluating stand-alone and distributed versions of SAAM-BLP algorithms.
Separability, entanglement and full families of commuting normal matrices
Creators: name: Samsonowicz, Jan
name: Kus, Marek
name: Lewenstein, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reduce the question whether a given quantum mixed state is separable or entangled to the problem of existence of a certain full family of commuting normal matrices whose matrix elements are partially determined by components of the pure states constituting a decomposition of the considered mixture. The method reproduces many known entanglement and/or separability criteria, and provides yet another geometrical characterization of mixed separable states.
description: 14 pages, some typos corrected, a reference added, in print in Phys. Rev. A