cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Subitizing with Variational Autoencoders
Creators: name: Wever, Rijnder
name: Runia, Tom F. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Numerosity, the number of objects in a set, is a basic property of a given visual scene. Many animals develop the perceptual ability to subitize: the near-instantaneous identification of the numerosity in small sets of visual items. In computer vision, it has been shown that numerosity emerges as a statistical property in neural networks during unsupervised learning from simple synthetic images. In this work, we focus on more complex natural images using unsupervised hierarchical neural networks. Specifically, we show that variational autoencoders are able to spontaneously perform subitizing after training without supervision on a large amount images from the Salient Object Subitizing dataset. While our method is unable to outperform supervised convolutional networks for subitizing, we observe that the networks learn to encode numerosity as basic visual property. Moreover, we find that the learned representations are likely invariant to object area; an observation in alignment with studies on biological neural networks in cognitive neuroscience.
Effect of a rigid nonpolar solute on the splay, bend elastic constants and on rotational viscosity coefficient of 4-4^\prime -n-octyl-cyanobiphenyl
Creators: name: DasGupta, Sudeshna
name: Chattopadhyay, Pinku
name: Roy, Soumen Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of a rigid nonpolar non-mesogenic solute, ``biphenyl'' which is (C_{6}H_{5}-C_{6}H_{5}), on the splay and bend elastic constants and on the rotational viscosity coefficient of (4,4^{\prime})-n-octyl-cyano biphenyl (8CB) is reported. The experiments involve the measurement of voltage dependence of capacitance of a cell filled with the mixture. Anomalous behavior of both (K_{11}) and (Δε) near the (N-S_{A}) transition have been observed.
description: RevTeX - 8 figures. Accepted to be published in Physical Review E
Campanula rhomboidalis Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Campanulaceae
Campanula
Campanula rhomboidalis

description: Campanula rhomboidalis Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 165. 1753.
"Habitat in alpibus Helvetiae, Italiae." RCN: 1305.
Lectotype (designated here by Pistarino & Jarvis): Herb. Linn. No. 221.18, right specimen (LINN).
 Current name:  Campanula rhomboidalis  L. (Campanulaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part C), pp. 370-473 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 379, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
CHIRRUP: a practical algorithm for unsourced multiple access
Creators: name: Calderbank, Robert
name: Thompson, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Unsourced multiple access abstracts grantless simultaneous communication of a large number of devices (messages) each of which transmits (is transmitted) infrequently. It provides a model for machine-to-machine communication in the Internet of Things (IoT), including the special case of radio-frequency identification (RFID), as well as neighbor discovery in ad hoc wireless networks. This paper presents a fast algorithm for unsourced multiple access that scales to $2^{100}$ devices (arbitrary $100$ bit messages). The primary building block is multiuser detection of binary chirps which are simply codewords in the second order Reed Muller code. The chirp detection algorithm originally presented by Howard et al. is enhanced and integrated into a peeling decoder designed for a patching and slotting framework. In terms of both energy per bit and number of transmitted messages, the proposed algorithm is within a factor of $2$ of state of the art approaches. A significant advantage of our algorithm is its computational efficiency. We prove that the worst-case complexity of the basic chirp reconstruction algorithm is $\mathcal{O}[nK(\log_2 n + K)]$, where $n$ is the codeword length and $K$ is the number of active users, and we report computing times for our algorithm. Our performance and computing time results represent a benchmark against which other practical algorithms can be measured.
Cosmic Colored Black Holes
Creators: name: Torii, Takashi
name: Maeda, Kei-ichi
name: Tachizawa, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spherically symmetric static solutions (a particle-like solution and a black hole solution) in the Einstein-Yang-Mills system with a cosmological constant.Although their gravitational structures are locally similar to those of the Bartnik-McKinnon particles or the colored black holes, the asymptotic behavior becomes quite different because of the existence of a cosmological horizon. We also discuss their stability by means of a catastrophe theory as well as a linear perturbation analysis and find the number of unstable modes.
description: 12 pages, latex, 4 figures (available upon request)
Application of Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARSplines) for Predicting Hansen Solubility Parameters Based on 1D and 2D Molecular Descriptors Computed from SMILES String
Creators: name: Przybyłek, Maciej
name: Jeliński, Tomasz
name: Cysewski, Piotr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 30301 Chemical Characterisation of Materials
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30602 Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetics
subject: Cheminformatics
subject: 30404 Cheminformatics and Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships
subject: Computational Chemistry
subject: 30304 Physical Chemistry of Materials
subject: 30605 Solution Chemistry
subject: 30799 Theoretical and Computational Chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: A new method of Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs) prediction was developed by combining the multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARSplines) methodology with a simple multivariable regression involving 1D and 2D PaDEL molecular descriptors. In order to adopt the MARSplines approach to QSPR/QSAR problems, several optimization procedures were proposed and tested. The effectiveness of the obtained models was checked via standard QSPR/QSAR internal validation procedures provided by the QSARINS software and by predicting the solubility classification of polymers and drug-like solid solutes in collections of solvents. By utilizing information derived only from SMILES strings, the obtained models allow for computing all of the three Hansen solubility parameters including dispersion, polarization, and hydrogen bonding. Although several descriptors are required for proper parameters estimation, the proposed procedure is simple and straightforward and does not require a molecular geometry optimization. The obtained HSP values are highly correlated with experimental data, and their application for solving solubility problems leads to essentially the same quality as for the original parameters. Based on provided models, it is possible to characterize any solvent and liquid solute for which HSP data are unavailable.
SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS OF LATERITIC SOILS IN CONSTRUCTION OF ROAD EMBANKMENTS (THE CASE OF NEJO-MENDI)
Creators: name: GEMECHIS ADULA DUGUMA
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019
Subjects: Lateritic soils, Strength Parameters, GeoStudio Software, Slope Stability.

description: Embankments are key elements in the development of structures such as dams and roads in infrastructure. Residual soils are generally used as fills in the construction of embankments in areas where residual soils are the dominant soil types, such as lateritic soil. The characteristics of lateritic soils are that they lose their shear strength under fully saturated conditions and their properties vary from region to region. The chemical composition and the environment influence the property of the soil. In such soils, the binding agent iron oxide changes its composition with time and in the presence of moisture. Failures of lateritic-based embankments have been observed, and found to be safe with a high safety factor. This study is carried out to investigate the stability of embankments with sudden loss of strength when they are completely saturated.
 The research includes an analysis of the properties of lateritic soils with particular emphasis on Nejo-Mendi. The strength-based properties of such soils are achieved from laboratory work results of sample collected along Nejo-Mendi road. GeoStudio with shear strength parameters for total stress (short-term) and effective stress (long-term) conditions are then used to perform stability analyses. Due to the variability in the input parameters, a probability analysis is performed. Four slope configurations ‘vertical to horizontal’ (1:2, 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1) are considered. The study showed that the embankments of lateritic soils lose most of their stability in full saturation. This condition affects the strength of the soil and the related stability of the slopes significantly. And also, when the slope geometry increases, factor of safety decreases. Factor safety is decreased by 45.95% when slope changed from 2:1 to 1:3, decreased by 40.72% when slope changed from 2:1 to 1:2 and decreased by 26.2% when slope changed from 2:1 to 1:1.
Campanula rotundifolia Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Campanulaceae
Campanula
Campanula rotundifolia

description: Campanula rotundifolia Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 163. 1753.
"Habitat in Europae pascuis." RCN: 1298.
 Lectotype (Böcher in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 3: 292. 1966): Herb. Linn. No. 221.5 (LINN).
 Current name:  Campanula rotundifolia  L. (Campanulaceae).
 Note: See also Shetler (in Phanerog. Monogr. 11: 55. 1982) for a discussion of the identity of the various elements involved.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part C), pp. 370-473 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 379, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
$SU(5)\times SU(5)$ Unification, Seesaw Mechanism and R-Conservation
Creators: name: Mohapatra, R. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new supersymmetric grand unified model based on the gauge group $SU(5)\times SU(5)$ is discussed. The model has the feature that the conventional seesaw mechanism for neutrino masses is implemented using the $(15, 1)+(1,\bar{15)}$ representation. This multiplet may have a better chance of arising from level two compactification of superstring theories than the the ${bf \bar{126}}$ representation used in the SO(10) model. The model also naturally suppresses all R-parity violating interactions.
description: Plain latex, 9 pages; No figures
A variational formula for risk-sensitive control of diffusions in $\mathbb{R}^d$
Creators: name: Arapostathis, Ari
name: Biswas, Anup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60J60, Secondary 60J25, 35P15, 60F10, 49G05

description: We address the variational problem for the generalized principal eigenvalue on $\mathbb{R}^d$ of linear and semilinear elliptic operators associated with nondegenerate diffusions controlled through the drift. We establish the Collatz-Wielandt formula for potentials that vanish at infinity under minimal hypotheses, and also for general potentials under blanket geometric ergodicity assumptions. We also present associated results having the flavor of a refined maximum principle.
description: 19 pages
GENERAL PHYSICAL STRENGTH CAPABILITIES OF 13-15-YEAR-OLD JUDOKAS
Creators: name: Toshboyeva, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article is devoted to the problem of increasing the efficiency of the process of physical training of judokas aged 13-15 years. The study presents a methodology for developing speed-strength abilities of young wrestlers. The peculiarity of the methodology is that the combination of a set of general preparatory exercises performed by the method of dynamic efforts and shortened bouts carried out with maximum intensity will have a positive effect on the development of speed-strength capabilities of wrestlers aged 13 and 15 years.
A Four-Fermi Model in 0+1 Dimensions in Matter
Creators: name: Janik, Romuald A.
name: Nowak, Maciej A.
name: Papp, Gabor
name: Zahed, Ismail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of a number of constituent quark models in matter may be understood in the mean-field approximation by using a simple four-fermi model in 0+1 dimensions.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Talk presented at the workshop "QCD" at finite baryon density", Zif, Bielefeld, Apr 27-30, 1998; submitted to Nucl. Phys. A
NMR relaxation rates in spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic chains
Creators: name: Barzykin, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the low-temperature behavior of NMR relaxation rates $T_1$ and $T_{2G}$ in the spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic chain. We find that $T_1 \propto const$ and $T_{2G} \propto \sqrt{T}$, with logarithmic corrections. We determine both constants and logarithmic terms by matching perturbative RG with exact results, so that the final expressions for the relaxation rates do not contain any free parameters. Our theoretical results are in excellent agreement with NMR experiments in Sr$_2$CuO$_3$.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
${\it Ab \: initio}$ density-functional studies of 13-atom Cu and Ag clusters
Creators: name: Limbu, Dil K.
name: Madueke, Michael U.
name: Atta-Fynn, Raymond
name: Drabold, David A.
name: Biswas, Parthapratim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The putative ground-state structures of 13-atom Cu and Ag clusters have been studied using ${\it ab \: initio}$ molecular-dynamics (AIMD) simulations based on the density-functional theory (DFT). An ensemble of low-energy configurations, collected along the AIMD trajectory and optimized to nearest local minimum-energy configurations, were studied. An analysis of the results indicates the existence of low-symmetric bilayer structures as strong candidates for the putative ground-state structure of Cu$_{13}$ and Ag$_{13}$ clusters. These bilayer structures are markedly different from a buckled bi-planar (BBP) configuration and energetically favorable, by about 0.4$-$0.5 eV, than the latter proposed earlier by others. Our study reveals that the structure of the resulting putative global-minimum configuration is essentially independent of the nature of basis functions (i.e., plane waves versus pseudoatomic orbitals) employed in the calculations, for a given exchange-correlation functional. The structural configurations obtained from plane-wave-based DFT calculations show a slightly tighter or dense first-shell of Cu and Ag atoms than those from local-basis functions. A comparison of our results with recent full-potential DFT simulations is presented.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
title: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 12 No. 1 (2006): Cross national transfer of planning ideas and local identity
title: Cross national transfer of planning ideas and local identity
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2019

description: Proceedings of the 12th International Planning History Society Conference
New Delhi, India.
December 11-14, 2006
Conference theme: ‘Cross national transfer of planning ideas and local identity’.
Convenors: Binayaki Rath.
The asymptotic dynamics of three-dimensional Einstein gravity with a negative cosmological constant
Creators: name: Coussaert, O.
name: Henneaux, M.
name: van Driel, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Liouville theory is shown to describe the asymptotic dynamics of three-dimensional Einstein gravity with a negative cosmological constant. This is because (i) Chern-Simons theory with a gauge group $SL(2,R) \times SL(2,R)$ on a space-time with a cylindrical boundary is equivalent to the non-chiral $SL(2,R)$ WZW model; and (ii) the anti-de Sitter boundary conditions implement the constraints that reduce the WZW model to the Liouville theory.
description: 10 pages in LaTeX, LaTeX problem fixed
Additional file 1 of Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals the significant pleiotropic regulatory effects of LmbU on lincomycin biosynthesis
Creators: name: Lin, Chun-Yan
name: Pang, Ai-Ping
name: Zhang, Yue
name: Qiao, Jianjun
name: Zhao, Guang-Rong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Semi-quantitative PCR of the non-lmb genes in strains SyBE2901 and SyBE2904 for 30 and 34 thermocycles, respectively. In each case the experiments were repeated three times. Table S1. The actinomycetes with 16S rRNA genes and LmbU-like proteins used for constructing the phylogenetic trees in Fig.Â 1. Table S2. Primers used in this study.
Finite Groups and Quantum Yang-Baxter Equation
Creators: name: Varga, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct integrable modifications of 2d lattice gauge theories with finite gauge groups.
description: revised version, some errors were corrected, 3 pages
Campanula saxatilis subsp. saxatilis Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Campanulaceae
Campanula
Campanula saxatilis
Campanula saxatilis l. subsp. saxatilis

description: Campanula saxatilis Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 167. 1753.
"Habitat in Cretae scopulis saxosis." RCN: 1323.
 Lectotype (Turland in Willdenowia 36: 304, f. 1. 2006): [icon] "Traicheliu saxat Bellid fol caeruleum creticum" in Boccone, Mus. Piante Rar. Sicilia: 76, t. 64. 1697.
 Current name:  Campanula saxatilis  L. subsp.  saxatilis  (Campanulaceae).
 Note: An image of the lectotype is also reproduced by Lack (in Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 98B, Suppl.: 195. 1996).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part C), pp. 370-473 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 379, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Binding Energy of Impurity in a Size Quantized Coated Semiconductor Wire: Role of the Dielectric-Constant Mismatch
Creators: name: Aghasyan, Mher M.
name: Kirakosyan, Albert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of staircase infinitely deep (SIW) potential well model the effect of dielectric constant mismatch between the size-quantized semiconducting wire, coating and surrounding environment on impurity binding energy is considered. Calculations are done in both the absence and presence of magnetic field applied along the wire axis. By the variation method the dependences of binding energy of hydrogen-like impurity located on the wire axis on the alloy concentration, effective mass ratio, dielectric constant mismatch and magnetic field are found for the GaAs-Ga_{1-x}Al_{x}AS system.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures. PACS Classification: 72.15.Nj; 72.90+y; 73.40.Gk Keywords: Quantum wire, nanostructure, binding energy
ARAB-WEST INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: JÜRGEN HABERMAS TO BALANCE FUTURE WESTERN FOREIGN POLICIES TOWARDS THE MENA REGION
Creators: name: Al-Jararwah, Mohammad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Throughout history, many political observers in the Arab-Islamic and Western worlds have held prospects for cooperative and benevolent socio-political and cultural relations between the respective regions. In the fields of Western public diplomacy and foreign policy, there exists a considerable amount of academic research that has been conducted in order to enhance ArabWest inter-governmental and inter-ambassadorial relations. In spite of this, political observers have subsequently become discouraged by the tenuous outcomes of Arab-West international dialogues, especially when reflecting upon the devastating situation currently facing Arab nations in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Therefore, it has become pivotal to transition the old-fashioned Western foreign policies into more accommodating policies, predominantly since the approaches of Western international relations theory (IRT) have been designated as Eurocentric, prejudiced and inadequate. In addition, this theory is claimed to be derived from the philosophical foundations of international relations, where the ontological foundations have received little attention. Considering this, the paper proposes that Jürgen Habermas’s critical theory and the theory of communicative action; present rational and urgent notions for Western inter-governmental and inter-ambassadorial relations with Arab nations, provide contemporary ramifications for future Western diplomacy and foreign policies and offer opportunities to inform Western representatives about the vital and constructive Habermasian intuitions in order to guide Western inter-governmental and inter-ambassadorial relations towards the MENA region. The findings exposed blind spots and various biases that invariably sit at the heart of Western foreign policies towards the MENA region, and revealed vigorous elucidations that safeguard Arab-West international relations. Finally, the paper concentrates on applying rational Habermasian epistemologies in order to constructively contribute towards the desired strengthened Arab-West international relations and to bridge the gap of existing apprehensions.
Template bank for spinning compact binary mergers in the second observation run of Advanced LIGO and the first observation run of Advanced Virgo
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Debnandini
name: Caudill, Sarah
name: Magee, Ryan
name: Messick, Cody
name: Privitera, Stephen
name: Sachdev, Surabhi
name: Blackburn, Kent
name: Brady, Patrick
name: Brockill, Patrick
name: Cannon, Kipp
name: Chamberlin, Sydney J.
name: Chatterjee, Deep
name: Creighton, Jolien D. E.
name: Fong, Heather
name: Godwin, Patrick
name: Hanna, Chad
name: Kapadia, Shasvath
name: Lang, Ryan N.
name: Li, Tjonnie G. F.
name: Lo, Rico K. L.
name: Meacher, Duncan
name: Pace, Alex
name: Sadeghian, Laleh
name: Tsukada, Leo
name: Wade, Leslie
name: Wade, Madeline
name: Weinstein, Alan
name: Xiao, Liting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the methods used to construct the aligned-spin template bank of gravitational waveforms used by the GstLAL-based inspiral pipeline to analyze data from the second observing run of Advanced LIGO and the first observing run of advanced Virgo. The bank expands upon the parameter space covered during the first observing run, including coverage for merging compact binary systems with total mass between 2 $\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$ and 400 $\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$ and mass ratios between 1 and 97.988. Thus the systems targeted include merging neutron star-neutron star systems, neutron star-black hole binaries, and black hole-black hole binaries expanding into the intermediate-mass range. Component masses less than 2 $\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$ have allowed (anti-)aligned spins between $\pm0.05$ while component masses greater than 2 $\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$ have allowed (anti-)aligned between $\pm0.999$. The bank placement technique combines a stochastic method with a new grid-bank method to better isolate noisy templates, resulting in a total of 677,000 templates.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures
B decays and models for CP violation
Creators: name: He, Xiao-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decay modes $B$ to $ππ$, $ψK_S$, $K^- D$, $πK$ and $ηK$ are promising channels to study the unitarity triangle of the CP violating CKM matrix. In this paper I study the consequences of these measurements in the Weinberg model. I show that using the same set of measurements, the following different mechanisms for CP violation can be distinguished: 1) CP is violated in the CKM sector only; 2) CP is violated spontaneously in the Higgs sector only; And 3) CP is violated in both the CKM and Higgs sectors.
description: 18 pagers, Revtex, Four compressed figures. Some typos in the figure captions are corrected
CONSOLIDATING ARAB-WEST INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: A HABERMASIAN APPROACH FOR OUR TIMES
Creators: name: Al-Jararwah, Mohammad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Pondering the fragile outcomes of current Arab-West inter-governmental and inter- ambassadorial relations, it has become essential for Western diplomats and politicians to be well informed about the current framework of Western foreign policies and applicability towards Arab countries. The article suggests that the application of Jürgen Habermas’s critical theory and the theory of communicative action presents a vital if not urgent mission for enhanced Western foreign policies towards Arab nations. It facilitates rational prospects to enlighten Western diplomats and politicians about vigorous Habermasian notions in the development of future Western foreign policies; to challenge the blind spots that exist at the centre of Western foreign policies; to form cooperative policies away from Eurocentric and prejudiced orientations of Western international relations theory; and to offer contemporary approaches that safeguard Arab-West inter- governmental and inter-ambassadorial relations. The paper concentrates on various Habermasian intuitions in order to constructively improve future Arab-West international relations and to enhance the interpretations that have captured the minds of non-Muslim spectators.
The black hole fifty years after: Genesis of the name
Creators: name: Herdeiro, Carlos A. R.
name: Lemos, José P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black holes are extreme spacetime deformations where even light is imprisoned. There is an extensive astrophysical evidence for the real and abundant existence of these prisons of matter and light in the Universe. Mathematically, black holes are described by solutions of the field equations of the theory of general relativity, the first of which was published in 1916 by Karl Schwarzschild. Another highly relevant solution, representing a rotating black hole, was found by Roy Kerr in 1963. It was only much after the publication of the Schwarzschild solution, however, that the term black hole was employed to describe these objects. Who invented it? Conventional wisdom attributes the origin of the term to the prominent North American physicist John Wheeler who first adopted it in a general audience article published in 1968. This, however, is just one side of a story that begins two hundred years before in an Indian prison colloquially known as the Black Hole of Calcutta. Robert Dicke, also a distinguished physicist and colleague of Wheeler at Princeton University, aware of the prison's tragedy began, around 1960, to compare gravitationally completely collapsed stars to the black hole of Calcutta. The whole account thus suggests reconsidering who indeed coined the name black hole and commends acknowledging its definitive birth to a partnership between Wheeler and Dicke.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
Campanula sibirica Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Campanulaceae
Campanula
Campanula sibirica

description: Campanula sibirica Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 167. 1753.
"Habitat in Sibiria. D. Gmelin: & Messanae." RCN: 1324.
Type not designated.
Original material: [icon] in Morison, Pl. Hist. Univ. 2: 459, s. 5, t. 3, f. 26. 1680; [icon] in Boccone, Icon. Descr. Rar. Pl. Siciliae: 83, 84, t. 45, f. 1. 1674.
 Current name:  Campanula sibirica  L. (Campanulaceae).
 Note: Although Victorov (in Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 163. 2000; 34: 217. 2003) indicated 221.59 (LINN) as lectotype, the material came from Scopoli and, as it was not received by Linnaeus until 1762, it cannot be original material for the name.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part C), pp. 370-473 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 379, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Lifetime of quasiparticles in hot QED plasmas
Creators: name: Blaizot, Jean-Paul
name: Iancu, Edmond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The calculation of the lifetime of quasiparticles in a QED plasma at high temperature remains plagued with infrared divergences, even after one has taken into account the screening corrections. The physical processes responsible for these divergences are the collisions involving the exchange of very soft, unscreened, magnetic photons, whose contribution is enhanced by the thermal Bose-Einstein occupation factor. The self energy diagrams which diverge in perturbation theory contain no internal fermion loops, but an arbitrary number of internal magnetostatic photon lines. By generalizing the Bloch-Nordsieck model at finite temperature, we can resum all the singular contributions of such diagrams, and obtain the correct long time behaviour of the retarded fermion propagator in the hot QED plasma: $S_R(t)\sim \exp\{-αT \, t\, \lnω_pt\}$, where $ω_p=eT/3$ is the plasma frequency and $α=e^2/4π$.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX
Legousia speculum-veneris Chaix 1786
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Campanulaceae
Legousia
Legousia speculum-Veneris

description: Campanula speculum-veneris Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 168. 1753.
"Habitat inter segetes Europae australis." RCN: 1329.
Lectotype (designated here by Pistarino & Jarvis): Herb. Linn. No. 221.68 (LINN).
 Current name:  Legousia speculum-veneris  (L.) Chaix (Campanulaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part C), pp. 370-473 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 379, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
The Crossing Tverberg Theorem
Creators: name: Fulek, Radoslav
name: Gärtner, Bernd
name: Kupavskii, Andrey
name: Valtr, Pavel
name: Wagner, Uli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.2.2; G.2.1
subject: 05A18, 68R05

description: Tverberg's theorem is one of the cornerstones of discrete geometry. It states that, given a set $X$ of at least $(d+1)(r-1)+1$ points in $\mathbb R^d$, one can find a partition $X=X_1\cup \ldots \cup X_r$ of $X$, such that the convex hulls of the $X_i$, $i=1,\ldots,r$, all share a common point. In this paper, we prove a strengthening of this theorem that guarantees a partition which, in addition to the above, has the property that the boundaries of full-dimensional convex hulls have pairwise nonempty intersections. Possible generalizations and algorithmic aspects are also discussed. As a concrete application, we show that any $n$ points in the plane in general position span $\lfloor n/3\rfloor$ vertex-disjoint triangles that are pairwise crossing, meaning that their boundaries have pairwise nonempty intersections; this number is clearly best possible. A previous result of Rebollar et al.\ guarantees $\lfloor n/6\rfloor$ pairwise crossing triangles. Our result generalizes to a result about simplices in $\mathbb R^d,d\ge2$.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
F-term Hybrid Inflation in Effective Supergravity Theories
Creators: name: Bastero-Gil, M.
name: King, S. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a particular class of effective low energy supergravity theories motivated by string theory can provide a promising framework for models of hybrid inflation in which the potential energy which drives inflation originates from the F-term of the effective supergravity theory. In the class of models considered the inflaton is protected from receiving mass during inflation by a generalisation of the Heisenberg symmetry present in no-scale supergravity models. The potential during inflation takes the positive definite form $V\sim |F_S|^2 + |F_T|^2 -3$, which allows the possibility that $V\ll m_{3/2}^2 M_P^2$ through the cancellation of the positive dilaton and moduli contribution against the negative term. We discuss a toy example where this is realised, then describe the application of this result to realistic models focusing on a particular example in which the $μ$ problem and the strong CP-problem are addressed.
description: 23 pages, Latex, 4 eps new figures included; an improved no-scale SUGRA model is presented; section 3 and 5 are new; accepted for publication in Nucl. Phys. B
Critical behavior for the dilaton black holes
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Myung, Y. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the critical behavior in the black p-branes and four dimensional charged dilaton black holes. We calculate the thermodynamic fluctuations in the various (microcanonical, canonical, and grandcanonical) ensembles. It is found that the extremal limit of some black configurations has a critical point and a phase transition takes place from the extremal to nonextremal black configurations. Some critical exponents are obtained, which satisfy the scaling laws. This is related to the fact that the entropy of these black configurations is a homogeneous function.
description: 33 pages, RevTex, no figures
Boundary Critical Phenomena in SU(3) "Spin" Chains
Creators: name: Affleck, Ian
name: Oshikawa, Masaki
name: Saleur, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SU(3)-invariant "spin" chains with a single impurity, such as a modified exchange coupling on one link, are analyzed using boundary conformal field theory techniques. These chains are equivalent to a special case of the "tJV" model, i.e. the t-J model with a nearest neighbour repulsion added. In the continuum limit they are equivalent to two free bosons at a special value of the compactification radii. The SU(3) symmetry, which is made explicit in this formulation, provides insight into the exact solution of a non-trivial boundary critical point found earlier in another formulation of this model as a theory of quantum Brownian motion.
description: 19 pages, Rev Tex
Diving Right In: ORCID Plans for 2019
Creators: name: Haak Laurel
Publisher: name: ORCID
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description:
A New Year begins, and work continues toward achieving ORCID’s mission. In this post we celebrate a few 2018 milestones, lay out our 2019 roadmap, and share our new infographic.
Towards Automated Customer Support
Creators: name: Hardalov, Momchil
name: Koychev, Ivan
name: Nakov, Preslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent years have seen growing interest in conversational agents, such as chatbots, which are a very good fit for automated customer support because the domain in which they need to operate is narrow. This interest was in part inspired by recent advances in neural machine translation, esp. the rise of sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) and attention-based models such as the Transformer, which have been applied to various other tasks and have opened new research directions in question answering, chatbots, and conversational systems. Still, in many cases, it might be feasible and even preferable to use simple information retrieval techniques. Thus, here we compare three different models:(i) a retrieval model, (ii) a sequence-to-sequence model with attention, and (iii) Transformer. Our experiments with the Twitter Customer Support Dataset, which contains over two million posts from customer support services of twenty major brands, show that the seq2seq model outperforms the other two in terms of semantics and word overlap.
description: Accepted as regular paper at AIMSA 2018
Pair production of black holes on cosmic strings
Creators: name: Hawking, S. W.
name: Ross, Simon F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the pair creation of black holes by the breaking of a cosmic string. We obtain an instanton describing this process from the $C$ metric, and calculate its probability. This is very low for the strings that have been suggested for galaxy formation.
description: 9 pages, Latex, no figures. Major revision: we have retracted our argument that splitting of topologically stable strings is impossible
Campanula spicata Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Campanulaceae
Campanula
Campanula spicata

description: Campanula spicata Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 166. 1753.
"Habitat in Vallesia." RCN: 1320.
Lectotype (designated here by Pistarino & Jarvis): Herb. Burser IV: 37 (UPS).
 Current name:  Campanula spicata  L. (Campanulaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part C), pp. 370-473 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 379, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAME UNDER IMPACT LOADING
Creators: name: WOLDEYES TILAYE DIFE
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018
Subjects: Reinforced concrete portal frame, Impact Force, Lateral displacement, Finite element simulation, Vehicle collision, Gravitational Load, Column, Impact Velocity, Time

description: This thesis focus on the performance of a 3D reinforced concrete portal frame subjected to vehicle collision by numerical simulation using ABAQUS (2013) software. The finite element software ABAQUS is utilized to simulate and analyze the vehicle collisions to obtain accurate and detailed results. Vehicle collision is a short duration dynamic load that could involve very large deformations and damage to the reinforced concrete structure. Simulation of vehicle collision on the reinforced concrete portal frame column is carried out by varying the speed of the vehicle, shape of portal frame column and by adding gravitational load on the portal frame. The portal frame selected for this study consists of square and circular reinforced concrete column cross-section with the rectangular beam cross section. The gravitational load on reinforced concrete portal frame was considered by taking 0%, 25% and 50% of vehicle mass. Vehicle collisions are carried out with three different car speeds: 30km/hr, 60km/hr, and 120 km/hr. A total of sixty analyses were conducted; two portal frame column shapes with two mass of vehicle, three different gravitational loads at three vehicle impact velocities. The finite element modeling controls and material properties are validated by conducting an impact drop hammer experiment. The finite element modeling is validated by comparing with an impact drop hammer experiment from literature. The accuracy and stability of impact simulation is checked using conservation of energy.
 From the finite element analysis results, it can be concluded that as the impact velocity increases, the impact force and lateral displacement of the reinforced concrete portal frames increase. The higher the impact velocity, the large the amount of damage caused throughout the portal frame. The lateral displacement decreases with an increase in portal frame column cross-section. The lateral displacement curve from the impact load was larger for the circular column portal frame than the square column portal frame with average difference of 2%, which implies square columns of portal frame performed better than the circular columns of portal frame due to shapes of the column.
Evolution of the propagation vector of antiferroquadrupolar phases in Ce3Pd20Si6 with magnetic field
Creators: name: Portnichenko, P. Y.
name: Nikitin, S. E.
name: Prokofiev, A.
name: Paschen, S.
name: Mignot, J. -M.
name: Ollivier, J.
name: Podlesnyak, A.
name: Meng, Siqin
name: Lu, Zhilun
name: Inosov, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hidden-order phases that occur in a number of correlated f-electron systems are among the most elusive states of electronic matter. Their investigations are hindered by the insensitivity of standard physical probes, such as neutron diffraction, to the order parameter that is usually associated with higher-order multipoles of the f-orbitals. The heavy-fermion compound Ce3Pd20Si6 exhibits magnetically hidden order at subkelvin temperatures, known as phase II. Additionally, for magnetic field applied along the [001] cubic axis, another phase II' was detected, but the nature of the transition from phase II to phase II' remained unclear. Here we use inelastic neutron scattering to demonstrate that this transition is associated with a change in the propagation vector of the antiferroquadrupolar order from (111) to (100). Despite the absence of magnetic Bragg scattering in phase II', its ordering vector is revealed by the location of an intense magnetic soft mode at the (100) wave vector, orthogonal to the applied field. At the II-II' transition, this mode softens and transforms into quasielastic and nearly Q-independent incoherent scattering, which is likely related to the non-Fermi-liquid behavior recently observed at this transition. Our experiment also reveals sharp collective excitations in the field-polarized paramagnetic phase, after phase II' is suppressed in fields above 4 T.
description: V2: Updated and extended version to be published in Phys. Rev. B (9 pages, 8 figures), S.I. merged with the main text
Collaborative Composition with Paynter
Creators: name: Williams, Alan
Publisher: name: University of Salford
Year: 2019
Subjects: classificationCode: 360302
subject: Music composition and improvisation

description: This is a blog post description of the process of collaborative composition in the Paynter project, and how this resulted in a collaboratively sourced music composition for an ensemble from the BBC Philharmonic, The Rivet's Tale.
Disentangling the complexity of socio-cultural values of temporary rivers
Creators: name: Jorda-Capdevila, Didac
name: Iniesta-Arandia, Irene
name: Quintas-Soriano, Cristina
name: Basdeki, Aikaterini
name: Calleja, Eman J.
name: DeGirolamo, Anna Maria
name: Gilvear, David
name: Ilhéu, Maria
name: Kriaučiūniene, Jūratė
name: Logar, Ivana
name: Loures, Luis
name: Padło, Tomasz
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecosystem services
subject: ephemeral streams
subject: intermittent rivers
subject: non-monetary valuation
subject: participatory approach
subject: socio-cultural valuation
subject: temporal variability
subject: water management
subject: 300
subject: 333
subject: Wasserwirtschaft
subject: Ökosystemdienstleistung
subject: Umweltökonomie
subject: Leistung
subject: Bewertung
subject: Soziologie
subject: Fluss

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
Campanula stricta Linnaeus 1762
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Campanulaceae
Campanula
Campanula stricta

description: Campanula stricta Linnaeus, Species Plantarum, ed. 2, 1: 238. 1762.
"Habitat in Syria, Palaestina." RCN: 1327.
 Neotype (Damboldt in Davis, Fl. Turkey 6: 43. 1978): " Campanula orientalis, folio oblongo rigido asper, flore sursum spectante", Herb. Tournefort No. 336 (P-TOURN).
 Current name:  Campanula stricta  L. (Campanulaceae).
 Note: As there is no original material extant for this name, Damboldt’s treatment of a Tournefort collection as “type” is accepted as a neotypification under Art. 9.8.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part C), pp. 370-473 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 379, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971