cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effects of propane or ethane additives on laminar burning velocity of methane-air mixtures
Creators: name: Hung, Jocelyn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Laminar burning velocities of stoichiometric methane-air, ethane-air, propane-air as well as methane with propane and ethane additives have been determined from pressure-time records during combustion in a constant-volume spherical combustion bomb with central ignition. Additives up to 20 volume percent were used. Initial pressure ranged from 1 to 8 atm. Results show that these additives increase the burning velocity of methane-air by an amount depending on the concentration and initial pressure. Ethane appeared to be more effective than propane for the same volume percent. Two analytical methods were used to deduce the laminar burning velocity: Metghalchi and Keck (M and K) model and linear model. The M and K model is a procedure to satisfy the conservation of mass and energy for a mixture consisting of two homogeneous regions, burnt and unburnt, separated by a flame of negligible thickness. The linear model, from the assumption that the fractional pressure rise is linearly proportional to the fractional mass burnt, calculates the burning velocity based on the mass conservation equation. Results from these two methods agree to within 5%. Dissociation reactions, when neglected, were found to give values of burning velocities that are 10% too low. Ionization probes were used to detect flame arrival times at specific radial locations. Experimental and calculated results agree to within 2%.
Thematic Relations Between Nouns
Creators: name: Castillo, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2001

description: This dissertation explores some of the traditionally
labeled possessive relations, and proposes a basic
syntactic structure that underlies them. The two nouns act
as subject and predicate in a small clause, dominated by
two functional projections, where reference/agreement and
contextual restrictions are checked.
Looking first at container-content relations, we
propose that the container is always a predicate for the
content. Because in our system selection is determined in
the small clause and agreement is checked in an AgrP,
selection and agreement need not be determined by the same
noun. Selection also distinguishes between a container and
a content reading. The evidence from extraction shows that
container readings are more complex than content readings.
We propose that the container reading adds a higher small
clause whose predicate is the feature number.
Number is thus a predicate, which type-lifts mass
terms to count nouns, the way classifiers do in
languages without number. Evidence from Spanish and
Asturian shows a three-way distinction between absence of
number (mass terms), singular and plural. We also propose
that nouns are not divided into rigid classes, such as
mass/count. Rather, any noun may be used as mass or count,
depending on whether number is added to its syntactic
derivation or not.
An analysis of possessor raising to both nominative
and dative in Spanish also supports the idea that nouns
are not divided into rigid classes with respect to their
ability to enter possessive relations. Relations such as
part/whole, alienable and inalienable possessions, are all
analyzed as small clauses where the possessor is the
subject and the possessed is the predicate.
Finally, we propose a universal principle: possessor
raising can occur in languages that have a structural Case
in a v-projection, in addition to the Case checked by the
direct object. This predicts that causative verbs in
languages with possessor raising should also allow the
Case checking of both the object and the subject of an
embedded transitive clause. The prediction is borne out,
giving rise to four types of languages, according to their
Case system.
Confidence distribution (CD) -- distribution estimator of a parameter
Creators: name: Singh, Kesar
name: Xie, Minge
name: Strawderman, William E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62F03, 62F12, 62G05 (Primary) 62G10, 62G20 (Secondary)

description: The notion of confidence distribution (CD), an entirely frequentist concept, is in essence a Neymanian interpretation of Fisher's Fiducial distribution. It contains information related to every kind of frequentist inference. In this article, a CD is viewed as a distribution estimator of a parameter. This leads naturally to consideration of the information contained in CD, comparison of CDs and optimal CDs, and connection of the CD concept to the (profile) likelihood function. A formal development of a multiparameter CD is also presented.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/074921707000000102 in the IMS Lecture Notes Monograph Series (http://www.imstat.org/publications/lecnotes.htm) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Bubble compression and condensation in single component co-current downflow
Creators: name: Chang, Ian I.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In an investigation of the process termed hydraulic vapour compression (HVC), a photographic study of bubble compression and condensation rates in single component co-current downflow has been performed. Supplemental to the photographic study, measurements of the deliverable mass flowrates of the HVC process were also carried out. The downward flow of a gas and liquid mixture, as occurs in the HVC process, results in the compression of the gas phase because of the increasing hydraulic pressure. Bubble compression heating provides the driving temperature difference for both heat and mass transfer to occur. The minimization of the transfer processes is desirable to ensure a high compression efficiency. Experiments were carried out using near saturated Freon-11 in a 2.54 cm I.D., 1.7 m long glass downcomer. Bubbles were filmed during travel along the downcomer. Histories of the decrease in individual bubble size were determined from silhouette traces obtained from sequenced single frames selected from the exposed films. Bubble volumes and surface areas were inferred by numerically revolving digitized images of the traces about their principal centroidal axes. The inferred volumes and surface areas provided the basis upon which heat and mass transfer rates were calculated. Delivered vapour mass flowrates were measured by hot film anemometry. Results showed that mass condensation rates increased along the length of the downcomer. Local external Nusselt numbers used to characterize the transfer processes at the bubble wall, ranged from 0.1 to 16. The deliverable mass flowrates achieved by the HVC process were found to be comparable to those produced by the well known process of hydraulic air compression.
Aging, End of Life & Narrative Ethics Reading List
Creators: name: Sufian, Sandra
name: Halpern, Jodi
name: Kirschner, Kristi
name: Gramelspacher, Anna Maria
name: Laetham, Erica
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 220106 Medical Ethics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 220101 Bioethics (human and animal)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 110308 Geriatrics and Gerontology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This Health Humanities Portrait-- Aging, End of Life and Narrative Ethics-- uses a narrative ethics framework to explore social and systemic realities that influence care of people as they age and as they face the end of life. It highlights the patient’s voice and organizes patient values and preferences on the matter of aging and end of life. The HHP helps learners appreciate the social, systemic, economic, racial/ethnic, geographic, relational, and developmental stages of a patient’s life that influence care in older age and at the end of life. The portrait applies the virtue of narrative humility to the material so learners recognize the limits of our own knowledge and our inability to completely understand another’s experience. It employs close reading to cultivate empathic curiosity and guard against projection in interpreting a patient’s preferences, values, unmet needs, and experiences of aging and of end of life.
Meteorologically Introduced Impacts on Aerial Channels and UAV Communications
Creators: name: Song, Mengan
name: Huo, Yiming
name: Lu, Tao
name: Dong, Xiaodai
name: Liang, Zhonghua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: As 5G wireless systems and networks are now being globally commercialized and deployed, more diversified application scenarios are emerging, quickly reshaping our societies and paving the road to the beyond 5G (6G) era when terahertz (THz) and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications may play critical roles. In this paper, aerial channel models under multiple meteorological conditions such as rain, fog and snow, have been investigated at frequencies of interest (from 2 GHz to 900 GHz) for UAV communications. Furthermore, the link budget and the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) performance under the existing air-to-ground (A2G) channel models are studied with antenna(s) system considered. The relationship between the 3D coverage radius and UAV altitude under the influence of multiple weather (MW) conditions is simulated. Numerical results show that medium rain has the most effects on the UAV's coverage for UAV communications at millimeter wave (mmWave) bands, while snow has the largest impacts at near THz bands. In addition, when the frequency increases, the corresponding increase in the number of antennas can effectively compensate for the propagation loss introduced by weather factors, while its form factor and weight can be kept to maintain the UAV's payload.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures, accepted by IEEE VTC2020-FALL
Deutschland riskiert seine Zukunftsfähigkeit - Die Belebung der Volkswirtschaft durch Private Equity kommt nur schwer in Gang
Creators: name: Jugel, Stefan
Publisher: name: Wiesbaden Institute of Finance and Insurance
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Private Equity
subject: Venture Capital
subject: Start-up
subject: EXIST
subject: GEM
subject: PPP
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::332 Finanzwirtschaft

description: Früherer Titel der Serie: bis 07/2019 wifi Working Paper
description: In Deutschland wird die Bedeutung von Private Equity für die Belebung der Volkswirtschaft, sei es bei Unternehmensgründungen, in deren Wachstumsfinanzierung oder auch bei der Finanzierung von Infrastrukturprojekten von der Politik seit vielen Jahren gesehen. Verschiedene Programme und Maßnahmen versuchen, eine Belebung dieser Finanzierungsquelle durch private Investoren zu erreichen. Dennoch sind die Erfolge nach beinahe 20 Jahren der Bemühungen im internationalen Vergleich bescheiden. Regulatorische und steuerliche Rahmenbedingungen sowie bürokratische Hürden sind die Ursachen. So droht Deutschland, in wichtigen Bereichen den Anschluss an die Zukunft zu verlieren.
description: In Germany, for many years policymakers have taken into account the importance of private equity for the revitalization of the national economy, be it for business start-ups, growth financing or the financing of infrastructure projects. Various programs and measures in place were supposed to stimulate this source of finance by private investors. Nevertheless, after nearly 20 years of efforts, the successes are modest by international standards. The causes lie in the regulatory and tax framework conditions as well as in the bureaucratic hurdles. As a consequence Germany is running the risk of losing touch with the future in important areas.
Aging, End of Life & Narrative Ethics Reading List
Creators: name: Sufian, Sandra
name: Halpern, Jodi
name: Kirschner, Kristi
name: Gramelspacher, Anna Maria
name: Laetham, Erica
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 220106 Medical Ethics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 220101 Bioethics (human and animal)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 110308 Geriatrics and Gerontology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The Health Humanities Portrait, Aging, End of Life, & Narrative Ethics, examines the social, systemic, economic, racial/ethnic, geographic, relational, and developmental stages of a patient’s life that influence care in older age and at the end of life.
Polarization and SEDs from Microlensing of Circumstellar Envelopes
Creators: name: Ignace, R.
name: Bjorkman, J. E.
name: Bunker, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microlensing surveys have proven to be tremendously fruitful in providing valuable data products for many fields of astrophysics, from eclipse lightcurves for substellar candidates to limb darkening in stellar atmospheres. We report on a program of modeling observables from microlensing of circumstellar envelopes, particularly those of red giant stars that are the most likely to show finite source effects. We will summarize work for how polarization light curves can be used to infer envelope properties and will describe recent modeling of the time dependent spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for microlensing of dusty winds. One of the most exciting developments is the possibility of measuring variable polarization from microlensing in a suitable source using the RINGO polarimeter at La Palma. Also quite interesting is the possibility of probing a dusty wind using IRAC data for a suitable source in the event that Spitzer has a ``warm'' cycle.
description: to appear in the proceedings of The Manchester Microlensing Conference: The 12th International Conference and ANGLES Microlensing Workshop
Slides for: Frequency and Voltage Control in Low-Inertia Weak Power Grids
Creators: Lasantha Meegahapola
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Slides for: Frequency and Voltage Control in Low-Inertia Weak Power Grids
This webinar presents the applications of smart power converters for energy management in low voltage distributions systems with case studies and results. The learning objectives are i) Understanding the applications of modes of operation of smart power converters i.e., grid following mode and grid forming mode. ii) Knowing the impact of smart power converters on voltage profile improvement during steady state operation of low voltage distributions systems. In grid forming mode, the converters are able to maintain the terminal voltage magnitude and frequency as per the given references.  In grid following mode, the converters are able to maintain the active/reactive power references as per the given references. The power converters with this ability of operating in grid forming and grid following modes are considered as smart power converters. These smart power converters are helpful for implementing energy management applications like voltage profile improvement, peak shaving, minimizing energy demand, etc in power distribution systems.
3-dimensional QCD phase diagram with pion condensate in the NJL model
Creators: name: Liu, Lu-Meng
name: Xu, Jun
name: Peng, Guang-Xiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the isovector coupling constants adjusted to reproduce the physical pion mass and lattice QCD results in baryon-free quark matter, we have carried out rigourous calculations for the pion condensate in the 3-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model, and studied the 3-dimensional QCD phase diagram. With the increasing isospin chemical potential $μ_I$, we have observed two nonzero solutions of the pion condensate at finite baryon chemical potentials $μ_B$, representing respectively the pion superfluid phase and the Sarma phase, and their appearance and disappearance correspond to a second-order (first-order) phase transition at higher (lower) temperatures $T$ and lower (higher) $μ_B$. Calculations by assuming equal constituent mass of $u$ and $d$ quarks would lead to large errors of the QCD phase diagram within $μ_B \in (500, 900)$ MeV, and affect the position of the critical end point.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
The Shear Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity of Nuclear Pasta
Creators: name: Horowitz, C. J.
name: Berry, D. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the shear viscosity $η$ and thermal conductivity $κ$ of a nuclear pasta phase in neutron star crusts. This involves complex non-spherical shapes. We use semiclassical molecular dynamics simulations involving 40,000 to 100,000 nucleons. The viscosity $η$ can be simply expressed in terms of the height $Z^*$ and width $Δq$ of the peak in the static structure factor $S_p(q)$. We find that $η$ increases somewhat, compared to a lower density phase involving spherical nuclei, because $Z^*$ decreases from form factor and ion screening effects. However, we do not find a dramatic increase in $η$ from non-spherical shapes, as may occur in conventional complex fluids.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, minor changes, Phys. Rev. C in press
Bures distance as a measure of entanglement for symmetric two-mode Gaussian states
Creators: name: Marian, Paulina
name: Marian, Tudor A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate a Gaussian entanglement measure for a symmetric two-mode Gaussian state of the quantum electromagnetic field in terms of its Bures distance to the set of all separable Gaussian states. The required minimization procedure was considerably simplified by using the remarkable properties of the Uhlmann fidelity as well as the standard form II of the covariance matrix of a symmetric state. Our result for the Gaussian degree of entanglement measured by the Bures distance depends only on the smallest symplectic eigenvalue of the covariance matrix of the partially transposed density operator. It is thus consistent to the exact expression of the entanglement of formation for symmetric two-mode Gaussian states. This non-trivial agreement is specific to the Bures metric.
description: published version
From symmetry break to Poisson point process in 2D Voronoi tessellations: the generic nature of hexagons
Creators: name: Lucarini, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We bridge the properties of the regular square and honeycomb Voronoi tessellations of the plane to those of the Poisson-Voronoi case, thus analyzing in a common framework symmetry-break processes and the approach to uniformly random distributions of tessellation-generating points. We consider ensemble simulations of tessellations generated by points whose regular positions are perturbed through a Gaussian noise controlled by the parameter alpha. We study the number of sides, the area, and the perimeter of the Voronoi cells. For alpha>0, hexagons are the most common class of cells, and 2-parameter gamma distributions describe well the statistics of the geometrical characteristics. The symmetry break due to noise destroys the square tessellation, whereas the honeycomb hexagonal tessellation is very stable and all Voronoi cells are hexagon for small but finite noise with alpha<0.1. For a moderate amount of Gaussian noise, memory of the specific unperturbed tessellation is lost, because the statistics of the two perturbed tessellations is indistinguishable. When alpha>2, results converge to those of Poisson-Voronoi tessellations. The properties of n-sided cells change with alpha until the Poisson-Voronoi limit is reached for alpha>2. The Desch law for perimeters is confirmed to be not valid and a square root dependence on n is established. The ensemble mean of the cells area and perimeter restricted to the hexagonal cells coincides with the full ensemble mean; this might imply that the number of sides acts as a thermodynamic state variable fluctuating about n=6; this reinforces the idea that hexagons, beyond their ubiquitous numerical prominence, can be taken as generic polygons in 2D Voronoi tessellations.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Mobile performance – example of website performance testing
Creators: name: Krol, Karol
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80505 Web Technologies (excl. Web Search)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80502 Mobile Technologies

description: The performance of websites and web applications matters, particularly on mobile devices. The paper presents an experiment consisting of a snapshot measurement of the performance of a website prototype in desktop and mobile modes. The snapshot performance test means that values of selected aggregate indices were measured at a specific moment (a single measurement). The conclusion is that results of such (ad-hoc) measurements can be useful for a quick (overview) diagnosis of a website's or web application's performance. Note that results of performance measurements in the form of aggregate indices can be unreliable or inaccurate.
The Price of Curiosity: Information Recovery in de Sitter Space
Creators: name: Aalsma, Lars
name: Sybesma, Watse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent works have revealed that quantum extremal islands can contribute to the fine-grained entropy of black hole radiation reproducing the unitary Page curve. In this paper, we use these results to assess if an observer in de Sitter space can decode information hidden behind their cosmological horizon. By computing the fine-grained entropy of the Gibbons-Hawking radiation in a region where gravity is weak we find that this is possible, but the observer's curiosity comes at a price. At the same time the island appears, which happens much earlier than the Page time, a singularity forms which the observer will eventually hit. We arrive at this conclusion by studying Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity in de Sitter space. We emphasize the role of the observer collecting radiation, breaking the thermal equilibrium studied so far in the literature. By analytically solving for the backreacted geometry we show how an island appears in this out-of-equilibrium state.
description: v2: updated references. 25 pages including appendix, 10 figures
Speckle Interferometry at SOAR in 2020
Creators: name: Tokovinin, Andrei
name: Mason, Brian D.
name: Mendez, Rene A.
name: Costa, Edgardo
name: Mann, Andrew W.
name: Henry, Todd J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of speckle interferometric observations at the 4.1 m Southern Astrophysical Research Telescope (SOAR) in 2020, as well as earlier unpublished data, are given, totaling 1735 measurements of 1288 resolved pairs and non-resolutions of 1177 targets. We resolved for the first time 59 new pairs or subsystems in known binaries, mostly among nearby dwarf stars. This work continues our long-term speckle program. Its main goal is to monitor orbital motion of close binaries, including members of high-order hierarchies and Hipparcos pairs in the solar neighborhood. We also report observations of 892 members of young moving groups and associations, where we resolved 103 new pairs.
description: Accepted by AJ; 11 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables. The data tables are available at http://www.ctio.noao.edu/~atokovin/papers/datafiles2020.tar.gz. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2005.05305, arXiv:1905.10436
Observations of Very Metal-Poor Stars in the Galaxy
Creators: name: Beers, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I report on recent results from observations of stars with metallicities [Fe/H] <= -2.0. These include a substantial new sample of objects with high-resolution observations obtained as part of a follow-up of the HK Survey, The Hamburg/ESO Survey, and the ongoing survey SEGUE: Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration. Perspectives on the next directions are also provided.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Proceedings of OMEG07, a conference held in December 2007
Analytical solution of the equation of motion for a rigid domain wall in a magnetic material with perpendicular anisotropy
Creators: name: Hickey, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports the solution of the equation of motion for a domain wall in a magnetic material which exhibits high magneto-crystalline anisotropy. Starting from the Landau-Lifschitz-Gilbert equation for field-induced motion, we solve the equation to give an analytical expression, which specifies the domain wall position as a function of time. Taking parameters from a Co/Pt multilayer system, we find good quantitative agreement between calculated and experimentally determined wall velocities, and show that high field uniform wall motion occurs when wall rigidity is assumed.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
breathinggames.net : vers un standard libre pour se soigner par le jeu
Creators: name: Balli, Fabio
name: Voirol, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: interdisciplinarité
coopération
questions PICO
jeux en santé
fibrose kystique
mucoviscidose
jeux vidéo

description: Sur le colloque Enjeux de la recherche : Les sciences sociales et humaines au cœur de l'innovation "Le Conseil de recherches en sciences humaines du Canada (CRSH), le Conseil national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) en France et le Fonds de recherche du Québec – Société et culture (FRQSC) proposent aux congressistes de découvrir des collaborations inédites et surprenantes entre des chercheurs en SSH et des milieux de pratique. [...] Laissez-vous surprendre par le remarquable potentiel de l’intersectorialité!" Résumé de la présentation La fibrose kystique est la maladie génétique la plus fréquente chez les jeunes québécois. Un enfant atteint de fibrose kystique devra, dès l'âge de sept ans, effectuer une heure de thérapie quotidienne afin de libérer ses poumons des mucus qui les entravent. Pour garantir le succès de ce type de traitements, il est capital de se soucier de l'adhérence thérapeutique, c'est-à-dire de la capacité des patients à suivre rigoureusement leur thérapie. Les jeux vidéo ont montré des résultats prometteurs pour rendre l'acquisition de bonnes habitudes ludique. Ainsi, une équipe interdisciplinaire a conçu trois prototypes de jeux et un périphérique, qui ont été testés auprès de dix patients de l'hôpital Sainte-Justine. Concevoir des jeux et périphériques scientifiquement valides requiert cependant de nombreux acteurs ‒ patients, cliniciens, chercheurs, designers, développeurs, artistes et professionnels d'autres domaines ‒, difficiles à réunir dans une structure de recherche ou dans une entreprise seules. Pour favoriser une collaboration interdisciplinaire et mobiliser un maximum de contributeurs, nous avons donc décidé de créer un standard open source, et de rendre notre travail accessible à tous par des licences libres. Nous développons aussi une communauté, qui inclut aujourd'hui des chercheurs en santé, ingénierie, socio-économie et recherche action participative. L'objectif est de disposer d'ici un an de jeux d'une durée de 15 heures pour réaliser une étude au Québec et en Suisse.
description: Cette présentation portait intialement le titre "fibrosekystique.net : vers un standard libre pour se soigner par le jeu". Le nom de domaine fibrosekystique.net a toutefois été abandonné au bénéfice de breathinggames.net.
Theory of Multidimensional Solitons
Creators: name: Carr, L. D.
name: Brand, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review a number of topics germane to higher-dimensional solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates. For dark solitons, we discuss dark band and planar solitons; ring dark solitons and spherical shell solitons; solitary waves in restricted geometries; vortex rings and rarefaction pulses; and multi-component Bose-Einstein condensates. For bright solitons, we discuss instability, stability, and metastability; bright soliton engineering, including pulsed atom lasers; solitons in a thermal bath; soliton-soliton interactions; and bright ring solitons and quantum vortices. A thorough reference list is included.
description: review paper, to appear as Chapter 5a in "Emergent Nonlinear Phenomena in Bose-Einstein Condensates: Theory and Experiment," edited by P. G. Kevrekidis, D. J. Frantzeskakis, and R. Carretero-Gonzalez (Springer-Verlag)
Empirical Bayes methods for controlling the false discovery rate with dependent data
Creators: name: Tang, Weihua
name: Zhang, Cun-Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62H15, 62C10, 62C12, 62C25 (Primary)

description: False discovery rate (FDR) has been widely used as an error measure in large scale multiple testing problems, but most research in the area has been focused on procedures for controlling the FDR based on independent test statistics or the properties of such procedures for test statistics with certain types of stochastic dependence. Based on an approach proposed in Tang and Zhang (2005), we further develop in this paper empirical Bayes methods for controlling the FDR with dependent data. We implement our methodology in a time series model and report the results of a simulation study to demonstrate the advantages of the empirical Bayes approach.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/074921707000000111 in the IMS Lecture Notes Monograph Series (http://www.imstat.org/publications/lecnotes.htm) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
title: Real-time classifiers from free-text for continuous surveillance of small animal disease
Creators: name: Newman, J
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2018

description: A wealth of information of epidemiological importance is held within unstructured narrative clinical records. Text mining provides computational techniques for extracting usable information from the language used to communicate between humans, including the spoken and written word. The aim of this work was to develop text-mining methodologies capable of rendering the large volume of information within veterinary clinical narratives accessible for research and surveillance purposes. The free-text records collated within the dataset of the Small Animal Veterinary Surveillance Network formed the development material and target of this work. The efficacy of pre-existent clinician-assigned coding applied to the dataset was evaluated and the nature of notation and vocabulary used in documenting consultations was explored and described. Consultation records were pre-processed to improve human and software readability, and software was developed to redact incidental identifiers present within the free-text. An automated system able to classify for the presence of clinical signs, utilising only information present within the free-text record, was developed with the aim that it would facilitate timely detection of spatio-temporal trends in clinical signs. Clinician-assigned main reason for visit coding provided a poor summary of the large quantity of information exchanged during a veterinary consultation and the nature of the coding and questionnaire triggering further obfuscated information. Delineation of the previously undocumented veterinary clinical sublanguage identified common themes and their manner of documentation, this was key to the development of programmatic methods. A rule-based classifier using logically-chosen dictionaries, sequential processing and data-masking redacted identifiers while maintaining research usability of records. Highly sensitive and specific free-text classification was achieved by applying classifiers for individual clinical signs within a context-sensitive scaffold, this permitted or prohibited matching dependent on the clinical context in which a clinical sign was documented. The mean sensitivity achieved within an unseen test dataset was 98.17 (74.47, 99.9)% and mean specificity 99.94 (77.1, 100.0)%. When used in combination to identify animals with any of a combination of gastrointestinal clinical signs, the sensitivity achieved was 99.44% (95% CI: 98.57, 99.78)% and specificity 99.74 (95% CI: 99.62, 99.83). This work illustrates the importance, utility and promise of free-text classification of clinical records and provides a framework within which this is possible whilst respecting the confidentiality of client and clinician.
Characterization of minimizers of Aviles-Giga functionals in special domains
Creators: name: Marconi, Elio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L65, 35F20

description: We consider the singularly perturbed problem $F_\varepsilon (u,Ω):=\int_Ω\varepsilon |\nabla^2u| + \varepsilon^{-1}|1-|\nabla u|^2|^2$ on bounded domains $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^2$. Under appropriate boundary conditions, we prove that if $Ω$ is an ellipse then the minimizers of $F_\varepsilon(\cdot,Ω)$ converge to the viscosity solution of the eikonal equation $|\nabla u|=1$ as $\varepsilon \to 0$.
Features of the motion of ultracold atoms in quasiperiodic potentials
Creators: name: Dynnikov, Ivan
name: Maltsev, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider here quasiperiodic potentials on the plane, which can serve as a "transitional link" between ordered (periodic) and chaotic (random) potentials. As can be shown, in almost any family of quasiperiodic potentials depending on a certain set of parameters, it is possible to distinguish a set (in the parameter space) where, according to a certain criterion, potentials with features of ordered potentials arise, and a set where we have potentials with features of random potentials. These sets complement each other in the complete parameter space, and each of them has its own specific structure. The difference between "ordered" and "chaotic" potentials will manifest itself, in particular, in the transport properties at different energies, which we consider here in relation to systems of ultracold atoms. It should be noted here that the transport properties of particles in the considered potentials can be accompanied by the phenomena of "partial integrability" inherent in two-dimensional Hamiltonian systems.
description: 29 pages, 34 figures, revtex
On Performance of Energy Harvested Cooperative NOMA Under Imperfect CSI and Imperfect SIC
Creators: name: Bisen, Shubham
name: Shaik, Parvez
name: Bhatia, Vimal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: With the advent of 5G and the need for energy-efficient massively connected wireless networks, in this work, we consider an energy harvesting (EH) based multi-relay downlink cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system with practical constraints. The base station serves NOMA users with the help of decode-and-forward based multiple EH relays, where relays harvest the energy from the base station's radio frequency. A relay is selected from the multiple K-relay by using a partial relay selection protocol. The system is considered to operate in half-duplex mode over a generalized independent and identical Nakagami$-m$ fading channel. The closed-form expression of outage probability and ergodic rate are derived for users, under the assumption of imperfect channel state information (CSI) and imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) at the receiver node. Expression of outage probability and ergodic rate for both users under the assumption of perfect CSI and perfect SIC are also presented. Further, the asymptotic expression for the outage probability is also shown. The derived analytical expressions are verified through Monte-Carlo simulations.
Selected methods of securing portable computers for transport in the 1980s: a retrospective analysis
Creators: name: Krol, Karol
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 210202 Heritage and Cultural Conservation
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 100699 Computer Hardware not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 80602 Computer-Human Interaction
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Computer Engineering

description: The case handle was a symbol of the portable computer in the 1980s. At that time, portable computer systems folded up into a cuboid and were meant to connote elegance and modernity. The paper's objective is a retrospective analysis of methods for securing portable computers for transport in the 1980s, focusing on suitcases and briefcases. The foundation of the work is a literature review that included research papers and industry literature. Archival materials were obtained from the Internet Archive. The background for the analyses was a characteristic of selected portable computers and presentation of selected socioeconomic phenomena relevant to the sale of computer hardware. The conclusions demonstrate that flagship computer types survived till today, just as their transport backpacks, cases and bags, perhaps except monitor trunks.
Thermodynamical Control by Frequent Quantum Measurements
Creators: name: Erez, Noam
name: Gordon, Goren
name: Nest, Mathias
name: Kurizki, Gershon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heat flow between a large ``bath'' and a smaller system brings them progressively closer to thermal equilibrium while increasing their entropy. Deviations from this trend are fluctuations involving a small fraction of a statistical ensemble of systems interacting with the bath: in this respect, quantum and classical thermodynamics are in agreement. Can there be drastic differences between them? Here we address a distinctly quantum mechanical setting that displays such differences: disturbances of thermal equilibrium between two-level systems (TLS) and a bath by frequent and brief quantum (non-demolishing) measurements of the TLS energy-states. If the measurements are frequent enough to induce either the Zeno or the anti-Zeno regime, namely, the slowdown or speedup of the TLS relaxation, then the resulting entropy and temperature of both the system and the bath are found to be completely unrelated to what is expected by standard thermodynamical rules that hold for memoryless baths. The practical advantage of these anomalies is the possibility of very fast control of heat and entropy, allowing cooling and state-purification of quantum systems much sooner than their thermal equilibration time.
description: 10 Pages. Pre-submission version of Nature {\bf 452}, 724 (2008). Includes Supplementary Information
Continuous biological tank leaching of a refractory arsenical sulphide concentrate to enhance gold extraction by cyanidation : a pilot plant and feasibility study at Equity Silver Mines Limited
Creators: name: Marchant, P. Brad
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Bench and pilot scale testing has shown that biooxidation of a refractory arsenical sulphide concentrate enhanced gold and silver extraction by cyanidation. Direct cyanidation of Southern Tail bulk sulphide concentrate typically resulted in less than 10% gold and silver recovery. Biological pretreatment of the sulphide concentrate resulted in 70% gold extraction and at least 30% silver extraction within economic process constraints. Biooxidation of a low grade arsenical sulphide concentrate, 5.5 g Au/t, 80 g Ag/t, and 2-5% As, was economically attractive due to apparent preferential oxidation of the gold bearing suphide mineral assemblage(s). Selective sulphide oxidation minimized the bioleach residence time, the oxygen/CO₂ requirements, and the costs associated with neutralization of the acidic byproducts of sulphide oxidation. Approximately 15% total sulphide oxidation was required to effect 70% gold extraction and 30-40% silver extraction. Additional sulphide oxidation improved gold extraction slightly and improved silver extraction significantly but was not economically attractive. Complete batch and continuous laboratory bioleach facilities were constructed at Equity. A detailed description of apparatus, methods, and operating data is presented. Critical variables that were studied included temperature, pH, pulp density, particle size, air/CO₂ requirements, nutrients, bioleachate recycle, inoculum source, degree of sulphide oxidation, cyanidation conditions, and bioleachate treatment. The laboratory data provided the design and operating criteria for a continuous bioleach pilot plant. Operation of the continuous pilot circuit, with a nominal design capacity of 2 tonnes per day, showed there was no significant effect of scale on the biohydrometallurgy or resultant precious metals hydrometallurgy. A detailed description of the pilot equipment and steady state operating parameters is presented. Considerations for scaleup and for plant scale design and optimization are discussed. A preliminary feasibility study, based on a conceptual design for an 800 tonne per day bioleach circuit, is detailed. The feasibility analysis showed that it is economically attractive to scavenge gold and silver values from Southern Tail flotation tailing using biooxidation to enhance the gold and silver extraction by cyanidation. The base case cash flow analysis showed a Net Present Value potential of $4,975 x 106 (1985) at 15% discount factor.
Adiabatic Construction of Hierarchical Quantum Hall States
Creators: name: Greiter, Martin
name: Wilczek, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an exact model of anyon ground states including higher Landau levels, and use it to obtain fractionally quantized Hall states at filling fractions $ν=p/(p(m-1)+1)$ with $m$ odd, from integer Hall states at $ν=p$ through adiabatic localization of magnetic flux. For appropriately chosen two-body potential interactions, the energy gap remains intact during the process. The construction hence establishes the existence of incompressible states at these fillings.
description: 12pages
Origin of Star-to-Star Abundance Inhomogeneities in Star Clusters
Creators: name: Palouš, Jan
name: Wünsch, Richard
name: Tenorio-Tagle, Guillermo
name: Silich, Sergyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass reinserted by young stars of an emerging massive compact cluster shows a bimodal hydrodynamic behaviour. In the inner part of the cluster, it is thermally unstable, while in its outer parts it forms an out-blowing wind. The chemical homogeneity/inhomogeneity of low/high mass clusters demonstrates the relevance of this solution to the presence of single/multiple stellar populations. We show the consequences that the thermal instability of the reinserted mass has to the galactic super-winds.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, IAU Symposium 254
Identifying Correlation Clusters in Many-Body Localized Systems
Creators: name: Hémery, Kévin
name: Pollmann, Frank
name: Smith, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce techniques for analysing the structure of quantum states of many-body localized (MBL) spin chains by identifying correlation clusters from pairwise correlations. These techniques proceed by interpreting pairwise correlations in the state as a weighted graph, which we analyse using an established graph theoretic clustering algorithm. We validate our approach by studying the eigenstates of a disordered XXZ spin chain across the MBL to ergodic transition, as well as the non-equilibrium dyanmics in the MBL phase following a global quantum quench. We successfully reproduce theoretical predictions about the MBL transition obtained from renormalization group schemes. Furthermore, we identify a clear signature of many-body dynamics analogous to the logarithmic growth of entanglement. The techniques that we introduce are computationally inexpensive and in combination with matrix product state methods allow for the study of large scale localized systems. Moreover, the correlation functions we use are directly accessible in a range of experimental settings including cold atoms.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
An upper bound for passive scalar diffusion in shear flows
Creators: name: Tran, Chuong V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study is concerned with the diffusion of a passive scalar $Θ(\r,t)$ advected by general $n$-dimensional shear flows $\u=u(y,z,...,t)\hat{x}$ having finite mean-square velocity gradients. The unidirectionality of the incompressible flows conserves the stream-wise scalar gradient, $\partial_xΘ$, allowing only the cross-stream components to be amplified by shearing effects. This amplification is relatively weak because an important contributing factor, $\partial_xΘ$, is conserved, effectively rendering a slow diffusion process. It is found that the decay of the scalar variance $$ satisfies $d/dt\ge -Cκ^{1/3}$, where $C>0$ is a constant, depending on the fluid velocity gradients and initial distribution of $Θ$, and $κ$ is the molecular diffusivity. This result generalizes to axisymmetric flows on the plane and on the sphere having finite mean-square angular velocity gradients.
description: 4 pages, to appear in Phys. Fluids