cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cosmological Constant Problem and Renormalized Vacuum Energy Density in Curved Background
Creators: name: Kohri, Kazunori
name: Matsui, Hiroki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current vacuum energy density observed as dark energy ${ ρ}_{ \rm dark }\simeq 2.5\times10^{-47}\ {\rm GeV^{4}}$ is unacceptably small compared with any other scales. Therefore, we encounter serious fine-tuning problem and theoretical difficulty to derive the dark energy. However, the theoretically attractive scenario has been proposed and discussed in literature: In terms of the renormalization-group (RG) running of the cosmological constant, the vacuum energy density can be expressed as ${ ρ}_{ \rm vacuum }\simeq m^{2}H^{2}$ where $m$ is the mass of the scalar field and rather dynamical in curved spacetime. However, there has been no rigorous proof to derive this expression and there are some criticisms about the physical interpretation of the RG running cosmological constant. In the present paper, we revisit the RG running effects of the cosmological constant and investigate the renormalized vacuum energy density in curved spacetime. We demonstrate that the vacuum energy density described by ${ ρ}_{ \rm vacuum }\simeq m^{2}H^{2}$ appears as quantum effects of the curved background rather than the running effects of cosmological constant. Comparing to cosmological observational data, we obtain an upper bound on the mass of the scalar fields to be smaller than the Planck mass, $m \lesssim M_{\rm Pl}$.
description: 32 pages, references added, version accepted for publication in JCAP
Non-universality in the erosion of tilted landscapes
Creators: name: Duclut, Charlie
name: Delamotte, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anisotropic model for landscapes erosion proposed by Pastor-Satorras and Rothman in [R. Pastor-Satorras and D. H. Rothman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 4349 (1998)] is believed to capture the physics of erosion at intermediate length scale ($\lesssim3$ km), and to account for the large value of the roughness exponent $α$ observed in real data at this scale. Our study of this model -- conducted using the nonperturbative renormalization group (NPRG) -- concludes on the nonuniversality of this exponent because of the existence of a line of fixed points. Thus the roughness exponent depends (weakly) on the details of the soil and the erosion mechanisms. We conjecture that this feature, while preserving the generic scaling observed in real data, could explain the wide spectrum of values of $α$ measured for natural landscapes.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, published version
Architectural Beeprints
Creators: name: Olson, Tod
name: Bareau, Vince
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: FOLIO
subject: architectural blueprint

description: FOLIO has reached a certain level of maturity, and is in production at a significant number of libraries. FOLIO is at a plateau but needs to evolve further to support increasing needs of scale and complexity. This forum will look at some aspects of FOLIO that need to mature, building on ideas presented last year and on recent work.
Stability analysis of vehicle motions with roll center analysis
Creators: name: Guan, Qiming
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: Stability of land vehicle motions consisting of yaw, sideslip, and roll motion of the sprung mass is analyzed in this study. In the first part of the dissertation, a three degrees-of-freedom bicycle model of a land vehicle is developed. The equations of motion are derived by Kane's equations. Eigenvalue analyses are conducted on the linearized model to investigate the influence of the vehicle parameters on the natural frequency and damping properties, which is followed by analysis of the eigenvalue sensitivity to perturbation of each vehicle parameter aiming to quantify the extent parameter perturbation affects the eigenvalues of the vehicle motions at different vehicle speeds. The second part of the dissertation formulates four common driver models which act as controllers of the nonlinear and linearized vehicle models developed in the first part. Stability properties of the linearized vehicle model with different driver models, as well as the variations of the vehicle and driver parameters, are ascertained via eigenvalue analysis. Two existing maneuvers in ISO standards are introduced and the linearized and nonlinear vehicle models' responses to one of the maneuvers are obtained by numerical integration. Observations and comments in regard to the aforementioned eigenvalue analysis are validated by response of the linearized model. It is also observed that there are apparent discrepancies between the nonlinear and linearized models in response characteristics. Stability and bifurcation analyses of the vehicle models with nonlinearities that exist in the internal dynamics of the vehicle, as well as in the tire forces and moments, are investigated in the third part of this dissertation. The linearized vehicle model with nonlinear tire model is considered first and subjected to a variety of steering inputs with different amplitudes and frequencies. Stability of the vehicle motions under such circumstances can be quantitatively determined by computing Floquet multipliers. They also can be qualitatively verified by plotting bifurcation diagrams, steady-state phase portraits, as well as Poincare sections. The frequency and time responses are analyzed for different vehicle speeds and steer types to demonstrate effects of nonlinearities in the tire model. Nonlinearities in the internal dynamics of the vehicle are also investigated for comparison with the nonlinearities in the tire model to determine which factors dominate the motion characteritics.
Why PeV scale left-right symmetry is a good thing
Creators: name: Yajnik, Urjit A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Left-right symmetric gauge theory presents a minimal paradigm to accommodate massive neutrinos with all known conserved symmetries duly gauged. The work presented here is based on the argument that the see-saw mechanism does not force the new right handed symmetry scale to be very high, and as such some of the species from the spectrum of the new gauge and Higgs bosons can have masses within a few orders of magnitude of the TeV scale. The scale of the left-right parity breaking in turn can be sequestered from the Planck scale by supersymmetry. We have studied several formulations of such Just Beyond Standard Model (JBSM) theories for their consistency with cosmology. Specifically the need to eliminate phenomenologically undesirable domain walls gives many useful clues. The possibility that the exact left-right symmetry breaks in conjunction with supersymmetry has been explored in the context of gauge mediation, placing restrictions on the available parameter space. Finally we have also studied a left-right symmetric model in the context of metastable supersymmetric vacua and obtained constraints on the mass scale of Right handed symmetry. In all the cases studied, The mass scale of right handed neutrino $M_R$ remains bounded from above, and in some of the cases the scale $10^9$ GeV favourable for supersymmetric thermal leptogenesis is disallowed. On the other hand PeV scale remains a viable option, and the results warrant a more detailed study of such models for their observability in collider and astroparticle experiments.
description: 18 pages. Presented at \textsl{Pheno1} First Workshop on Beyond Standard Model Physics, IISER Mohali April 2016 and at the program Exploring the Energy Ladder of the Universe at Mainz Institute for Theoretical Physics June 2016. To appear in proceedings. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1401.8063
Grothendieck ring of varieties, D- and L-equivalence, and families of quadrics
Creators: name: Kuznetsov, Alexander
name: Shinder, Evgeny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss a conjecture saying that derived equivalence of simply connected smooth projective varieties implies that the difference of their classes in the Grothendieck ring of varieties is annihilated by a power of the affine line class. We support the conjecture with a number of known examples, and one new example. We consider a smooth complete intersection $X$ of three quadrics in ${\mathbf P}^5$ and the corresponding double cover $Y \to {\mathbf P}^2$ branched over a sextic curve. We show that as soon as the natural Brauer class on $Y$ vanishes, so that $X$ and $Y$ are derived equivalent, the difference $[X] - [Y]$ is annihilated by the affine line class.
description: Exposition improved, main conjecture slightly updated
Tunesi, Ant. qm/de Carlo
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1824

description: Ort: Chiavenna
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire 05.07.2020 Automatisiert nach HAN-Import
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire ISAD(G) / HAN Katalogisierungsregeln für Archivbestände Detailliert
Domain walls in a chiral d-wave superconductor on the honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Awoga, Oladunjoye A.
name: Bouhon, Adrien
name: Black-Schaffer, Annica M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a fully self-consistent study of domain walls between different chiral domains in chiral $d_{x^2-y^2} \pm id_{xy}-wave superconductors with an underlying honeycomb lattice structure. We investigate domain walls along all possible armchair and zigzag directions and with a finite global phase shift across the domain wall, in addition to the change of chirality. For armchair domain walls we find the lowest domain wall energy at zero global phase shift, while the most favorable zigzag domain wall has a finite global phase shift dependent on the doping level. Below the van Hove singularity the armchair domain wall is most favorable, while at even higher doping the zigzag domain wall has the lowest energy. The domain wall causes a local suppression of the superconducting order parameter, with the superconducting recovery length following a universal curve for all domain walls. Moreover, we always find four subgap states crossing zero energy and well localized to the domain wall. However, the details of their energy spectrum vary notably, especially with the global phase shift across the domain wall.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Fast vortex wall motion in wide Permalloy strips from double switching of the vortex core
Creators: name: Estévez, Virginia
name: Laurson, Lasse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study vortex domain wall dynamics in wide Permalloy strips driven by applied magnetic fields and spin-polarized electric currents. As recently reported [V. Estévez and L. Laurson, Phys. Rev. B, 93, 064403 (2016)], for sufficiently wide strips and above a threshold field, periodic dynamics of the vortex core are localized in the vicinity of one of the strip edges, and the velocity drop typically observed for narrow strips is replaced by a high-velocity plateau. Here, we analyze this behavior in more detail by means of micromagnetic simulations. We show that the high-velocity plateau originates from a repeated double switching of the magnetic vortex core, underlying the periodic vortex core dynamics in the vicinity of the strip edge, i.e., the "attraction-repulsion" effect. We also discuss the corresponding dynamics driven by spin-polarized currents, as well as the effect of including quenched random structural disorder to the system.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo calculation of multi-orbital vertex asymptotics
Creators: name: Kaufmann, Josef
name: Gunacker, Patrik
name: Held, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the equations for calculating the high-frequency asymptotics of the local two-particle vertex function for a multi-orbital impurity model. These relate the asymptotics for a general local interaction to equal-time two-particle Green's functions, which we sample using continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo simulations with a worm algorithm. As specific examples we study the single-orbital Hubbard model and the three $t_{2g}$ orbitals of SrVO$_3$ within dynamical mean field theory (DMFT). We demonstrate how the knowledge of the high-frequency asymptotics reduces the statistical uncertainties of the vertex and further eliminates finite box size effects. The proposed method benefits the calculation of non-local susceptibilities in DMFT and diagrammatic extensions of DMFT.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
Bet-hedging against demographic fluctuations
Creators: name: Xue, BingKan
name: Leibler, Stanislas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Biological organisms have to cope with stochastic variations in both the external environment and the internal population dynamics. Theoretical studies and laboratory experiments suggest that population diversification could be an effective bet-hedging strategy for adaptation to varying environments. Here we show that bet-hedging can also be effective against demographic fluctuations that pose a trade-off between growth and survival for populations even in a constant environment. A species can maximize its overall abundance in the long term by diversifying into coexisting subpopulations of both "fast-growing" and "better-surviving" individuals. Our model generalizes statistical physics models of birth-death processes to incorporate dispersal, during which new populations are founded, and can further incorporate variations of local environments. In this way we unify different bet-hedging strategies against demographic and environmental variations as a general means of adaptation to both types of uncertainties in population growth.
description: minor revisions
Scalable Nernst Thermoelectric Power using a Coiled Galfenol Wire
Creators: name: Yang, Zihao
name: Codecido, Emilio A.
name: Marquez, Jason
name: Zheng, Yuanhua
name: Heremans, Joseph P.
name: Myers, Roberto C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Nernst thermopower usually is considered far too weak in most metals for waste heat recovery. However, its transverse orientation gives it an advantage over the Seebeck effect on non-flat surfaces. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the scalable generation of a Nernst voltage in an air-cooled metal wire coiled around a hot cylinder. In this geometry, a radial temperature gradient generates an azimuthal electric field in the coil. A Galfenol (Fe$_{0.85}$Ga$_{0.15}$) wire is wrapped around a cartridge heater, and the voltage drop across the wire is measured as a function of axial magnetic field. As expected, the Nernst voltage scales linearly with the length of the wire. Based on heat conduction and fluid dynamic equations, finite-element method is used to calculate the temperature gradient across the Galfenol wire and determine the Nernst coefficient. A giant Nernst coefficient of -2.6 $μ$V/KT at room temperature is estimated, in agreement with measurements on bulk Galfenol. We expect that the giant Nernst effect in Galfenol arises from its magnetostriction, presumably through enhanced magnon-phonon coupling. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of a transverse thermoelectric generator capable of scalable output power from non-flat heat sources.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, and Supplementary Information
Senn, Guebhard & Co., in Liquidation
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1824

description: Ort: Livorno
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire 05.07.2020 Automatisiert nach HAN-Import
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire ISAD(G) / HAN Katalogisierungsregeln für Archivbestände Detailliert
Schulthess, Caspar, & Co
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1824

description: Ort: Zürich
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Tobler-Stalder
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1824

description: Ort: Zürich
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Sevin, J. N., Spitalapotheker
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1824

description: Ort: Basel
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Boomerang RG flows in M-theory with intermediate scaling
Creators: name: Donos, Aristomenis
name: Gauntlett, Jerome P.
name: Rosen, Christopher
name: Sosa-Rodriguez, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct novel RG flows of D=11 supergravity that asymptotically approach $AdS_4\times S^7$ in the UV with deformations that break spatial translations in the dual field theory. In the IR the solutions return to exactly the same $AdS_4\times S^7$ vacuum, with a renormalisation of relative length scales, and hence we refer to the flows as `boomerang RG flows'. For sufficiently large deformations, on the way to the IR the solutions also approach two distinct intermediate scaling regimes, each with hyperscaling violation. The first regime is Lorentz invariant with dynamical exponent $z=1$ while the second has $z=5/2$. Neither of the two intermediate scaling regimes are associated with exact hyperscaling violation solutions of $D=11$ supergravity. The RG flow solutions are constructed using the four dimensional $N=2$ STU gauged supergravity theory with vanishing gauge fields, but non-vanishing scalar and pseudoscalar fields. In the ABJM dual field theory the flows are driven by spatially modulated deformation parameters for scalar and fermion bilinear operators.
description: 26 pages, 12 figures. Minor typos corrected
Sarasin, Felix, & Heussler
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1824

description: Ort: Basel / Neue Welt
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Schiff-Trier, Joseph Moses
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1824

description: Ort: Frankfurt a. M.
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Steiner, Diethelm
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1824

description: Ort: Bergamo
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Two-photon exchange corrections to $γ^*NΔ$ form factors for $Q^2\leq 4 $ (Gev/$c$)$^2$
Creators: name: Zhou, Hai-Qing
name: Yang, Shin Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the corrections of the two-photon exchange (TPE) process on the $γ^* NΔ$ transition form factors. The contributions of the TPE process to the $eN\rightarrow eΔ(1232)\rightarrow eNπ$ are calculated in a hadronic model with the inclusion of only the elastic nucleon intermediate states, to estimate its effects on the multipoles $M^{(3/2)}_{1^+}, E^{(3/2)}_{1^+}, S^{(3/2)}_{1^+}$ at the $Δ$ peak. We find that TPE effects on $G^*_M$ is very small. $G^*_E,$ and $ G^*_C$ are also little affected at small $Q^2 $. For $G^*_E$, the TPE effects reach about $3 - 8\%$ near $Q^2\sim 4$ GeV$^2$, depending on the model, MAID or SAID, used to emulate the data. For $G^*_C$, the TPE effects decrease rapidly with increasing $ε$ while growing with increasing $Q^2$ to reach $\sim 6 - 15\%$ with $Q^2 \sim 4$ GeV$^2$ at $ε= 0.2$. Sizeable TPE corrections to $G^*_E$ and $G^*_C$ found here points to the need of including TPE effects in the multipole analysis in the region of high $Q^2$ and small $ε$. The TPE corrections to $R_{EM}$ and $R_{SM}$ obtained in our hadronic calculation are compared with those obtained in a partonic calculation for moderate momentum transfer of $2
description: 4 figures
title: Metasomatic Overprint by Carbonatite derived CaO in Kaiserstuhl Phonolites, Germany
Creators: name: Jentzsch, Carsten
name: Pakulla, Josua
name: Spürgin, Simon
name: Gäb, Fabian
name: Lagos, Markus
name: Wombacher, Frank
name: Münker, Carsten
name: Ballhaus, Chris
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Carbonatites and silica-undersaturated rocks are closely related and occur in rift-related volcanic provinces. The proposed driving mechanism linking both magmatic series is that they share a common source which is driven by fractionation into a two-liquid solvus (Brooker & Kjarsgaard, JPet 52:1281-1305). Carbonatites and phonolites are, in consequence, closely related to each other. However, the interaction of both magmatic series after their separation and the role fluids play in this process are not fully understood. One location characterized by these types of rocks is the Kaiserstuhl volcanic complex (KVC) in Germany.

For the KVC we use Sr-Nd-Hf isotope, major and trace element data from phonolites, wollastonite-phonolites, carbonaceous sedimentary rocks and carbonatites to disentangle the possible effect of crustal contamination from primary mantle signatures. We found that the magmatic products show an overall EM-like signature. Moreover, the phonolites are enriched in CaO reaching up to 9.5 wt.% in the wollastonite-bearing phonolite. Previously it was thought that wollastonite formed due to contamination by carbonaceous sedimentary rocks, but this would not lead to EM-like signatures. This suggests that phonolitic melt became contaminated by carbonatitic melt, leading to a decarbonization reaction that caused the CaO enrichment. We therefore show that metasomatic processes can lead to mineral assemblages that are otherwise typical for Skarns. Furthermore, the role of metasomatic overprint could have been overlooked in other carbonatite-related volcanic provinces as well. This emphasizes the influence of melt and fluid phases on the formation of carbonatitic-related volcanic provinces, providing a cogenetic link between both magmatic series.
Schaedler, Notar/Fürsprech
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1824

description: Ort: Solothurn
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Entanglement scaling of operators: a conformal field theory approach, with a glimpse of simulability of long-time dynamics in 1+1d
Creators: name: Dubail, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In one dimension, the area law and its implications for the approximability by Matrix Product States are the key to efficient numerical simulations involving quantum states. Similarly, in simulations involving quantum operators, the approximability by Matrix Product Operators (in Hilbert-Schmidt norm) is tied to an operator area law, namely the fact that the Operator Space Entanglement Entropy (OSEE)---the natural analog of entanglement entropy for operators, investigated by Zanardi [Phys. Rev. A 63, 040304(R) (2001)] and by Prosen and Pizorn [Phys. Rev. A 76, 032316 (2007)]---, is bounded. In the present paper, it is shown that the OSEE can be calculated in two-dimensional conformal field theory, in a number of situations that are relevant to questions of simulability of long-time dynamics in one spatial dimension. It is argued that: (i) thermal density matrices $ρ\propto e^{-βH}$ and Generalized Gibbs Ensemble density matrices $ρ\propto e^{- H_{\rm GGE}}$ with local $H_{\rm GGE}$ generically obey the operator area law; (ii) after a global quench, the OSEE first grows linearly with time, then decreases back to its thermal or GGE saturation value, implying that, while the operator area law is satisfied both in the initial state and in the asymptotic stationary state at large time, it is strongly violated in the transient regime; (iii) the OSEE of the evolution operator $U(t) = e^{-i H t}$ increases linearly with $t$, unless the Hamiltonian is in a localized phase; (iv) local operators in Heisenberg picture, $ϕ(t) = e^{i H t} ϕe^{-i H t}$, have an OSEE that grows sublinearly in time (perhaps logarithmically), however it is unclear whether this effect can be captured in a traditional CFT framework, as the free fermion case hints at an unexpected breakdown of conformal invariance.
description: v1: 38 pages, 10 figures. Invited contribution to the special issue of J. Phys. A: "John Cardy's scale-invariant journey in low dimensions: a special issue for his 70th birthday". v2: an error about locality of H_GGE corrected in section 3.1, results unchanged. References added. v3: published version
Schrepffer & Sohn
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1824

description: Ort: Leipzig
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Different universality classes at the yielding transition of amorphous systems
Creators: name: Jagla, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the yielding transition of a two dimensional amorphous system under shear by using a mesoscopic elasto-plastic model. The model combines a full (tensorial) description of the elastic interactions in the system, and the possibility of structural reaccommodations that are responsible for the plastic behavior. The possible structural reaccommodations are encoded in the form of a "plastic disorder" potential, which is chosen independently at each position of the sample to account for local heterogeneities. We observe that the stress must exceed a critical value $σ_c$ in order for the system to yield. In addition, when the system yields a flow curve relating stress $σ$ and strain rate $\dotγ$ of the form $\dotγ\sim(σ-σ_c)^β$ is obtained. Remarkably, we observe the value of $β$ to depend on some details of the plastic disorder potential. For smooth potentials a value of $β\simeq 2.0$ is obtained, whereas for potentials obtained as a concatenation of smooth pieces a value $β\simeq 1.5$ is observed in the simulations. This indicates a dependence of critical behavior on details of the plastic behavior that has not been pointed out before. In addition, by integrating out non-essential, harmonic degrees of freedom, we derive a simplified scalar version of the model that represents a collection of interacting Prandtl-Tomlinson particles. A mean field treatment of this interaction reproduces the difference of $β$ exponents for the two classes of plastic disorder potentials, and provides values of $β$ that compare favorably with those found in the full simulations.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures
Fu-Kane-Mele monopoles in semimetals
Creators: name: Thiang, Guo Chuan
name: Sato, Koji
name: Gomi, Kiyonori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 55N91, 81Q70, 81V70

description: In semimetals with time-reversal symmetry, the interplay between Weyl points and Fu-Kane-Mele indices results in coexisting surface Dirac cones and Fermi arcs that are transmutable without a topological phase transition. We show that Weyl points act as a new type of monopole, and that their connectivity is essential for capturing the full topology of semimetals and their role as intermediaries of topological insulator transitions. The history of Weyl point creation-annihilation provides a simple and mathematically equivalent way to classify semimetals, and directly prefigures the surface state topology. We further predict the possibility of a topological Dirac cone on the interface between two Weyl semimetals.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures, expanded version, to appear in Nucl. Phys. B
Probing Noncommutativities of Phase Space by Using Persistent Charged Current and Its Asymmetry
Creators: name: Ma, Kai
name: Ren, Ya-Jie
name: Wang, Ya-Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the physical properties of the persistent charged current in a metal ring on a noncommutative phase space, and temperature dependence of the noncommutative corrections are also analyzed. We find that the coordinate noncommutativity only affects the total magnitude of the current, and it is difficult to observe it. In contrast, the momentum noncommutativity can violate symmetry property of the current, and this violation of symmetry holds at a finite temperature. Based on this violation effect, we introduce an asymmetry observable to measure the momentum noncommutativity.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures. v2: typos and a sign in Eq.(5) are corrected, a figure is revised correspondingly; v3: texts are improved, and references are added
Scattering of a composite quasiparticle by an impurity on a lattice
Creators: name: Suzuki, Fumika
name: Litinskaya, Marina
name: Unruh, William G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study scattering of a composite quasiparticle, which possesses a degree of freedom corresponding to relative separation between two bound excitations, by a delta-like impurity potential on a one-dimensional discrete lattice. Firstly, we show that, due to specific properties of their dispersion, lattice excitations bind to impurities with both negative and positive potentials. We demonstrate that the finite size of the composite excitation leads to formation of multiple excitation-impurity bound states. The number and the degree of localization of these bound states depend on the signs and relative magnitudes of the impurity potential and the binding strength of two quasiparticles. We also report the existence of excitation-impurity bound states whose energies are located in the continuum band. Secondly, we study a change in the entanglement between the centre of mass and relative coordinate degrees of freedom of a biexciton wave packet during single impurity scattering and decoherence caused by it. For a composite quasiparticle on a lattice, the entanglement between its relative and centre of mass coordinate degrees of freedom arises naturally due to inseparability of the two-particle Hamiltonian. One of the main focuses of our study is to investigate how this inseparability affects the creation of the biexciton-impurity bound states and the entanglement dynamics.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, accepted by PRB
Black holes with halos
Creators: name: Monten, Ruben
name: Toldo, Chiara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new AdS4 black hole solutions in N = 2 gauged supergravity coupled to vector and hypermultiplets. We focus on a particular consistent truncation of M-theory on the homogeneous Sasaki-Einstein seven-manifold M111, characterized by the presence of one Betti vector multiplet. We numerically construct static and spherically symmetric black holes with electric and magnetic charges, corresponding to M2 and M5 branes wrapping non-contractible cycles of the internal manifold. These configurations have nonzero temperature and are moreover surrounded by a massive vector field halo. For these solutions we verify the first law of black hole mechanics and we analyze the thermodynamics and phase transitions in the canonical ensemble, interpreting the process in the corresponding dual field theory.
description: 33 pages, 6 figures, v2: typos fixed, references added
Magnetometry via spin-mechanical coupling in levitated optomechanics
Creators: name: Kumar, Pardeep
name: Bhattacharya, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze magnetometry using an optically levitated nanodiamond. We consider a configuration where a magnetic field gradient couples the mechanical oscillation of the diamond with its spin degree of freedom provided by a Nitrogen vacancy center. First, we investigate measurement of the position spectrum of the mechanical oscillator. We find that conditions of ultrahigh vacuum and feedback cooling allow a magnetic field gradient sensitivity of 1 $μ$Tm$^{-1}$/$\sqrt{\mbox{Hz}}$. At high pressure and room temperature, this sensitivity degrades and can attain a value of the order of 100 $m$Tm$^{-1}$/$\sqrt{\mbox{Hz}}$. Subsequently, we characterize the magnetic field gradient sensitivity obtainable by maneuvering the spin degrees of freedom using Ramsey interferometry. We find that this technique can offer photon-shot noise and spin-projection noise limited magnetic field gradient sensitivity of 100 $μ$Tm$^{-1}$/$\sqrt{\mbox{Hz}}$. We conclude that this hybrid levitated nanomechanical magnetometer provides a favorable and versatile platform for sensing applications.
VI Reunión de Coordinación de las Redes LILACS y BVS: 2020 - Celebración de LILACS 35 años
Creators: name: BIREME/OPS/OMS
name: Suga, Sueli Mitiko Yano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: LILACS database
LILACS network coordination
LILACS methodology

description: VI Reunión de Coordinación de la Red LILACS - 11/08/2020 Tema: Celebración de LILACS 35 años Sepa más en: https://lilacs.bvsalud.org/es/reunion-de-coordinacion-de-la-red-lilacs-2020/
Phoretic Interactions Generically Induce Dynamic Clusters and Wave Patterns in Active Colloids
Creators: name: Liebchen, Benno
name: Marenduzzo, Davide
name: Cates, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a representative minimal model for phoretically interacting active colloids. Combining kinetic theory, linear stability analyses, and a general relation between self-propulsion and phoretic interactions in auto-diffusiophoretic and auto-thermophoretic Janus colloids collapses the parameter space to two dimensions: area fraction and Péclet number. This collapse arises when the lifetime of the self-generated phoretic fields is not too short, and leads to a universal phase diagram showing that phoretic interactions {\it generically} induce pattern formation in typical Janus colloids, even at very low density. The resulting patterns include waves and dynamic aggregates closely resembling the living clusters found in experiments on dilute suspension of Janus colloids.
description: Movies are (temporarily) available at: https://www.dropbox.com/sh/fijdvtuukpntfs9/AAA-Nu5yNP_vhDBE0Rf01i65a?dl=0
Factor Ordering and Path Integral Measure for Quantum Gravity in (1+1) Dimensions
Creators: name: Haga, John
name: Maitra, Rachel Lash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a mathematically rigorous path integral representation of the time evolution operator for a model of (1+1) quantum gravity that incorporates factor ordering ambiguity. In obtaining a suitable integral kernel for the time-evolution operator, one requires that the corresponding Hamiltonian is self-adjoint; this issue is subtle for a particular category of factor orderings. We identify and parametrize a complete set of self-adjoint extensions and provide a canonical description of these extensions in terms of boundary conditions. Moreover, we use Trotter-type product formulae to construct path-integral representations of time evolution.
Revealing the Large-Scale Kinematic Structure of the Galactic Center with the Roman Space Telescope
Creators: name: Hosek, Matthew
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Surveys within the Milky Way and Nearby Galaxies

description: The Milky Way Galactic Center provides a unique opportunity to study resolved stellar populations within a galactic nucleus. With an unprecedented combination of a large field-of-view and high spatial resolution, the Roman Space Telescope will allow us to measure the proper motions for over 16 million stars in the inner 50 - 100 pc of the Galaxy. This lays the foundation to address key questions such as (1) How did our galactic nucleus form?; (2) What is the mass distribution in the central region of the galaxy?; (3) How do star clusters form and tidally disrupt near the Galactic Center; and (4) What is the production rate of hypervelocity stars, the long-theorized byproduct of dynamical interactions between stars and the central supermassive black hole? The Roman Space Telescope will place results from current and planned JWST, HST, and ground-based studies in the broader context of the large-scale kinematic structure of the Galactic Center.
Cutoff-free Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Malekakhlagh, Moein
name: Petrescu, Alexandru
name: Türeci, Hakan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Any quantum-confined electronic system coupled to the electromagnetic continuum is subject to radiative decay and renormalization of its energy levels. When coupled to a cavity, these quantities can be strongly modified with respect to their values in vacuum. Generally, this modification can be accurately captured by including only the closest resonant mode of the cavity. In the circuit quantum electrodynamics architecture, where the coupling strengths can be substantial, it is however found that the radiative decay rates are strongly influenced by far off-resonant modes. A multimode calculation accounting for the infinite set of cavity modes leads to divergences unless a cutoff is imposed. It has so far not been identified what the source of divergence is. We show here that unless gauge invariance is respected, any attempt at the calculation of circuit QED quantities is bound to diverge. We then present a theoretical approach to the calculation of a finite spontaneous emission rate and the Lamb shift that is free of cutoff.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures. Revised sections I,II and IV of the Supplementary Material rely on and summarize formalism developed in 1609.00359
Teste
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1824

description: Ort: Neapel
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire 05.07.2020 Automatisiert nach HAN-Import
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire ISAD(G) / HAN Katalogisierungsregeln für Archivbestände Detailliert
Schira & Boroschi
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1824

description: Ort: Mailand
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire 05.07.2020 Automatisiert nach HAN-Import
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire ISAD(G) / HAN Katalogisierungsregeln für Archivbestände Detailliert
Controllability and optimal control of the transport equation with a localized vector field
Creators: name: Duprez, Michel
name: Morancey, Morgan
name: Rossi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study controllability of a Partial Differential Equation of transport type, that arises in crowd models. We are interested in controlling such system with a control being a Lipschitz vector field on a fixed control set $ω$. We prove that, for each initial and final configuration, one can steer one to another with such class of controls only if the uncontrolled dynamics allows to cross the control set $ω$. We also prove a minimal time result for such systems. We show that the minimal time to steer one initial configuration to another is related to the condition of having enough mass in $ω$ to feed the desired final configuration.
Stettler, Carl Friedrich
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1824

description: Ort: Schmiedeberg / Breslau
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire 05.07.2020 Automatisiert nach HAN-Import
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire ISAD(G) / HAN Katalogisierungsregeln für Archivbestände Detailliert
Formation of runaway stars in a star-cluster potential
Creators: name: Ryu, Taeho
name: Leigh, Nathan W. C.
name: Perna, Rosalba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation of runaway stars due to binary-binary (2+2) interactions in young star-forming clusters and/or associations. This is done using a combination of analytic methods and numerical simulations of 2+2 scattering interactions, both in isolation and in a homogeneous background potential. We focus on interactions that produce two single stars and a binary, and study the outcomes as a function of the depth of the background potential, within a range typical of cluster cores. As reference parameters for the observational properties, we use those observed for the system of runaway stars AE Aur and $μ$ Col and binary $ι$ Ori. We find that the outcome fractions have no appreciable dependence on the depth of the potential, and neither do the velocities of the ejected single stars. However, as the potential gets deeper and a larger fraction of binaries remain trapped, two binary populations emerge, with the escaped component having higher speeds and shorter semi-major axes than the trapped one. Additionally, we find that the relative angles between the ejected products are generally large. In particular, the angle between the ejected fastest star and the escaped binary is typically $\gtrsim 120-135^{\circ}$, with a peak at around $160^{\circ}$. However, as the potential gets deeper, the angle distribution becomes broader. Finally, we discuss the implications of our results for the interpretation of the properties of the runaway stars AE Aur and $μ$ Col.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures, 4 tables, accepted to MNRAS
Full-gap superconductivity robust against disorder in heavy-fermion CeCu2Si2
Creators: name: Takenaka, T.
name: Mizukami, Y.
name: Wilcox, J. A.
name: Konczykowski, M.
name: Seiro, S.
name: Geibel, C.
name: Tokiwa, Y.
name: Kasahara, Y.
name: Putzke, C.
name: Matsuda, Y.
name: Carrington, A.
name: Shibauchi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A key aspect of unconventional pairing by the antiferromagnetic spin-fluctuation mechanism is that the superconducting energy gap must have opposite sign on different parts of the Fermi surface. Recent observations of non-nodal gap structure in the heavy-fermion superconductor CeCu$_2$Si$_2$ were then very surprising, given that this material has long been considered a prototypical example of a superconductor where the Cooper pairing is magnetically mediated. Here we present a study of the effect of controlled point defects, introduced by electron irradiation, on the temperature-dependent magnetic penetration depth $λ(T)$ in CeCu$_2$Si$_2$. We find that the fully-gapped state is robust against disorder, demonstrating that low-energy bound states, expected for sign-changing gap structures, are not induced by nonmagnetic impurities. This provides bulk evidence for $s_{++}$-wave superconductivity without sign reversal.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures + Supplemental Material (1 page, 1 figure). Will appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Efficiency versus Speed in Quantum Heat Engines: Rigorous Constraint from Lieb-Robinson Bound
Creators: name: Shiraishi, Naoto
name: Tajima, Hiroyasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A long standing open problem whether a heat engine with finite power achieves the Carnot efficiency is investigated. We rigorously prove a general trade-off inequality on thermodynamic efficiency and time interval of a cyclic process with quantum heat engines. In a first step, employing the Lieb-Robinson bound we establish an inequality on the change in a local observable caused by an operation far from support of the local observable. This inequality provides a rigorous characterization of the following intuitive picture that most of the energy released from the engine to the cold bath remains near the engine when the cyclic process is finished. Using the above description, we finally prove an upper bound on efficiency with the aid of quantum information geometry. In addition, since our inequality falls down into the conventional second law of thermodynamics in Markovian limit, we adopt a completely different treatment which is developed in the context of classical stochastic processes. Our result generally excludes the possibility of a process with finite speed at the Carnot efficiency in quantum heat engines. In particular, the obtained constraint covers engines evolving with non-Markovian dynamics, which almost all previous studies on this topics fail to address.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures
Seigneuret, R
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1824

description: Ort: Saarbrücken
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire 05.07.2020 Automatisiert nach HAN-Import
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire ISAD(G) / HAN Katalogisierungsregeln für Archivbestände Detailliert