cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gelatin-Methacryloyl Hydrogel based in vitro blood brain barrier model for studying breast cancer associated brain metastasis
Creators: name: Augustine, Robin
name: Zahid, Alap Ali
name: Hasan, Anwarul
name: Mraiche, Fatima
name: Alam, Khurshid
name: Moustafa, Ala-Eddin Al
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of brain metastasis. Metastasis to the brain occurs if cancer cells manage to traverse the ‘blood-brain barrier’ (BBB), which is a barrier with very tight junction (TJ) of endothelial cells between blood circulation and brain tissue. It is highly important to develop novel in vitro BBB models to investigate breast cancer metastasis to the brain to facilitate the screening of chemotherapeutic agents against it. We herein report the development of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) modified transwell insert based BBB model composed of endothelial and astrocyte cell layers for testing the efficacy of anti-metastatic agents against breast cancer metastasis to brain. We characterized the developed model for the morphology and in vitro breast cancer cell migration. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of cisplatin, a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, on the migration of metastatic breast cancer cells using the model. Our results showed that breast cancer cells migrate across the developed BBB model. Cisplatin treatment inhibited the migration of cancer cells across the model. Findings of this study suggest that our BBB model can be used as a suitable tool to investigate breast cancer associated brain metastasis and to identify suitable therapeutic agents against this.
Culture of the brine shrimp, Artemia salina L., utilizing Dunaliella tertiolecta grown in swine waste-seawater mixtures and in defined inorganic medium
Creators: name: Tiro, Leonardo B.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A comparative study was conducted on the growth of Dunaliella tertiolecta using defined inorganic medium and swine waste-seawater medium as sources of nutrients. The nitrogen concentration was maintained at ca 1200 ± 5° ug~at N 1⁻¹ for both media. There were no significant differences in the daily measurements of cell densities and dry weights of D. tertiolecta grown in defined inorganic medium and swine waste-seawater medium in either hatch or continuous culture systems. The algal biomass produced from continuous culture system was used as food for the brine shrimp, Artemia salina L. The brine shrimp fed with D. tertiolecta grown in swine waste-seawater medium and those fed with _D. tertiolecta cultured in defined inorganic medium showed no significant differences in their daily total length and percentage survival measurements. A 57-58% Artemia biomass conversion efficiency was calculated. Statistical analysis for biomass conversion efficiency showed no significant differences for Artemia fed with D. tertiolecta grown in swine waste-seawater medium and that fed with D. tertiolecta cultured in defined inorganic medium.
Embeddability of multiple cones
Creators: name: Repovš, Dušan
name: Rosicki, Witold
name: Zastrow, Andreas
name: Željko, Matjaž
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57Q35

description: The main result of this paper is that if $X$ is a Peano continuum such that its $n$-th cone $C^n(X)$ embeds into $\RR^{n+2}$ then $X$ embeds into $S^2$. This solves a problem proposed by W. Rosicki.
description: Some minor corrections were made
Metallicity in the half-filled Holstein-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Fehske, H.
name: Hager, G.
name: Jeckelmann, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-examine the Peierls insulator to Mott insulator transition scenario in the one-dimensional Holstein-Hubbard model where, at half-filling, electron-phonon and electron-electron interactions compete for establishing charge- and spin-density-wave states, respectively. By means of large-scale density-matrix renormalization group calculations we determine the spin, single-particle and two-particle excitation gaps and prove--in the course of a careful finite-size scaling analysis--recent claims for an intervening metallic phase in the weak-coupling regime. We show that for large phonon frequencies the metallic region is even more extended than previously expected, and subdivided into ordinary Luttinger liquid and bipolaronic liquid phases.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures, revised (extended) version, accepted for publication in EPL
The Effects of Changes in Reaction Rates on Simulations of Nova Explosions
Creators: name: Starrfield, S.
name: Iliadis, C.
name: Hix, W. R.
name: Timmes, F. X.
name: Sparks, W. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical novae participate in the cycle of Galactic chemical evolution in which grains and metal enriched gas in their ejecta, supplementing those of supernovae, AGB stars, and Wolf-Rayet stars, are a source of heavy elements for the ISM. Once in the diffuse gas, this material is mixed with the existing gases and then incorporated into young stars and planetary systems during star formation. Infrared observations have confirmed the presence of carbon, SiC, hydrocarbons, and oxygen-rich silicate grains in nova ejecta, suggesting that some fraction of the pre-solar grains identified in meteoritic material come from novae. The mean mass returned by a nova outburst to the ISM probably exceeds ~2 x 10^{-4} Solar Masses. Using the observed nova rate of 35 per year in our Galaxy, it follows that novae introduce more than ~7 x 10^{-3} Solar Masses per year of processed matter into the ISM. Novae are expected to be the major source of 15N and 17O in the Galaxy and to contribute to the abundances of other isotopes in this atomic mass range. Here, we report on how changes in the nuclear reaction rates affect the properties of the outburst and alter the predictions of the contributions of novae to Galactic chemical evolution. We also discuss the necessity of including the pep reaction in studies of thermonuclear runaways in material accreted onto white dwarfs.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, as it appeared in the Proceedings of the Tours 2006 Symposium on Nuclear Physics
SUBARU Near-Infrared Multi-Color Images of Class II Young Stellar Object, RNO91
Creators: name: Mayama, Satoshi
name: Tamura, Motohide
name: Hayashi, Masahiko
name: Itoh, Yoichi
name: Ishii, Miki
name: Fukagawa, Misato
name: Hayashi, Saeko S.
name: Oasa, Yumiko
name: Kudo, Tomoyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conducted sub-arcsecond near-infrared imaging observations of RNO91 with CIAO mounted on the SUBARU 8.2 m telescope. We present our JHK band data along with optical images, which when considered together reveal a complex circumstellar structure. We examined the colors of associated nebula and compared the geometry of the outflow/disk system suggested by our data with that already proposed on the basis of previous studies. Our K-band image shows bright circumstellar nebulosity detected within 2"(300AU) around the central source while it is less conspicuous at shorter wavelengths such as J and optical. P.A. and size of this red color nebulosity in our H-K color image agree with those of the previously detected polarization disk. These data agreement indicate that this bright circumstellar nebulosity region which follows the reddening law might be attributed to a disk-like structure. At J and optical wavelengths, several blue knot-like structures are detected around and beyond the bright circumstellar nebulosity. We suggest that these knotty reflection nebulae may represent disintegrating fragments of an infalling envelope. The three-color composite image has an appearance of arc-shaped nebulosity extending to the north and to the east through the central source. On the other end of this arc-shaped structure, the nebula appears to become more extended (2."3 long) to the southwest. We interpret these structures as roots of bipolar cavities opening to the northeast and southwest. The complex distribution of reflection nebulosity seen around RNO91 appears to confirm the interpretation of this source as an object dispersing its molecular envelope while transitioning from protostar to T Tauri star.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, Accepted by Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
Schrödinger equation with delta potential in superspace
Creators: name: De Bie, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A superspace version of the Schrödinger equation with a delta potential is studied using Fourier analysis. An explicit expression for the energy of the single bound state is found as a function of the super-dimension M in case M is smaller than or equal to 1. In the case when there is one commuting and 2n anti-commuting variables also the wave function is given explicitly.
description: 4 pages, accepted for publication in Physics Letters A
Additional file 1 of Study of Thermometry in Two-Dimensional Sb2Te3 from Temperature-Dependent Raman Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Manavendra P. Singh
name: Manab Mandal
name: K. Sethupathi
name: M. S. Ramachandra Rao
name: Nayak, Pramoda K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. The supplementary material contains the optical images & AFM images along with heightprofiles of 80-nm and 400-nm exfoliated Sb2Te3 flakes and Raman peak of silicon at 520.74cm-1.
Measuring thermodynamic length
Creators: name: Crooks, Gavin E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermodynamic length is a metric distance between equilibrium thermodynamic states. Among other interesting properties, this metric asymptotically bounds the dissipation induced by a finite time transformation of a thermodynamic system. It is also connected to the Jensen-Shannon divergence, Fisher information and Rao's entropy differential metric. Therefore, thermodynamic length is of central interest in understanding matter out-of-equilibrium. In this paper, we will consider how to define thermodynamic length for a small system described by equilibrium statistical mechanics and how to measure thermodynamic length within a computer simulation. Surprisingly, Bennett's classic acceptance ratio method for measuring free energy differences also measures thermodynamic length.
description: 4 pages; Typos corrected
Early stages of aggregation in fluid mixtures of dimers and spheres: a theoretical and simulation study
Creators: name: Munaò, Gianmarco
name: Prestipino, Santi
name: Costa, Dino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Monte Carlo simulation and the Reference Interaction Site Model (RISM) theory of molecular fluids to investigate a simple model of colloidal mixture consisting of dimers, made up of two tangent hard monomers of different size, and hard spheres. In addition to steric repulsion, the two species interact via a square-well attraction only between small monomers and spheres. Recently, we have characterized the low-temperature regime of this mixture by Monte Carlo, reporting on the spontaneous formation of a wide spectrum of supramolecular aggregates [Prestipino et al, J. Phys. Chem. B, 2019, 123, 9272]. Here we focus on a regime of temperatures where, on cooling, the appearance of local inhomogeneties first, and the early stages of aggregation thereafter, are observed. In particular, we find signatures of aggregation in the onset of a low-wavevector peak in the structure factors of the mixture, as computed by both theory and simulation. Then, we link the structural information to the microscopic arrangement through a detailed cluster analysis of Monte Carlo configurations. In this regard, we devise a novel method to compute the maximum distance for which two spheres can be regarded as bonded together, a crucial issue in the proper identification of fluid aggregates. The RISM theory provides relatively accurate structural and thermodynamic predictions in comparison with Monte Carlo, but with slightly degrading performances as the fluid progresses inside the locally inhomogeneous phase. Our study certifies the efficacy of the RISM approach as a useful complement to numerical simulation for a reasoned analysis of aggregation properties in colloidal mixtures.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, 69 references. Accepted for publication in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2021
Utility function estimation: the entropy approach
Creators: name: Dionisio, Andreia
name: Reis, A. Heitor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The maximum entropy principle can be used to assign utility values when only partial information is available about the decision maker's preferences. In order to obtain such utility values it is necessary to establish an analogy between probability and utility through the notion of a utility density function. According to some authors [Soofi (1990), Abbas (2006a) (2006b), Sandow et al. (2006), Friedman and Sandow (2006), Darooneh (2006)] the maximum entropy utility solution embeds a large family of utility functions. In this paper we explore the maximum entropy principle to estimate the utility function of a risk averse decision maker.
description: 9 pages, paper presented at APFA 6 conference
Vacuum polarization in graphene with a topological defect
Creators: name: Sitenko, Yu. A.
name: Vlasii, N. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of a topological defect in graphene on the ground state of electronic quasiparticle excitations is studied in the framework of the long-wavelength continuum model originating in the tight-binding approximation for the nearest neighbour interaction in the graphitic lattice. A topological defect that rolls up a graphitic sheet into a nanocone is represented by a pointlike pseudomagnetic vortex with a flux which is related to the deficit angle of the cone. The method of self-adjoint extensions is employed to define the set of physically acceptable boundary conditions at the apex of the nanocone. The electronic system on a graphitic nanocone is found to acquire the ground state condensate and current of special type, and we determine the dependence of these quantities on the deficit angle of the nanocone, continuous parameter of the boundary condition at the apex, and the distance from the apex.
description: 16 pages, submitted to J. Low Temp. Phys
Distortion and preservation of Giant resonances in Endohedral Atoms A@C60
Creators: name: Amusia, M. Ya.
name: Baltenkov, A. S.
name: Chernysheva, L. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is demonstrated in this Letter that the effect of the fullerene shell upon atomic Giant resonance decisively depends upon energy of photoelectrons, by which the resonance decay. According to the prediction in [1], the Giant resonance in Xe is strongly modified in the endohedral Xe@C60 being transformed from a single broad and powerful maximum in Xe into four quite narrow but with almost the same total oscillator strength. On the contrary, the 4d Giant resonances in ions Ce3+ (the electronic structure that Ce has, when stuffed into fullerene), in Ce4+, and Eu are considered. In none of them the 4d Giant resonance in endohedrals is affected essentially. This is because the decay of the Giant resonances in these endohedrals proceeds by emission of fast photoelectrons that are almost unaffected by the C60 shell. The results obtained give at least qualitative explanation to the fact that recent observation of 4d Giant resonance in Ce@C82+, where the Giant resonance was observed as a maximum without noticeable structure.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Quasi-normal modes and Microscopic Structure of the Schwarzschild Black Hole
Creators: name: Cadoni, Mariano
name: Oi, Mauro
name: Sanna, Andrea P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Maggiore observed that, in the high-damping regime, the quasi-normal modes spectrum for the Schwarzschild black hole resembles that of a quantum harmonic oscillator. Motivated by this observation, we describe a black hole as a statistical ensemble of N quantum harmonic oscillators. By working in the canonical ensemble, we show that, in the large-mass black hole limit, the leading contribution to the Gibbs entropy is the Bekenstein-Hawking term, while the subleading one is a logarithmic correction, in agreement with several results in the literature. We also find that the number of oscillators scales holographically with the area of the event horizon.
description: 4 pages, no figures, Revised version: references added
Transport through a multiply connected interacting meso-system using the Keldysh formalism
Creators: name: Dinu, I. V.
name: Tolea, M.
name: Aldea, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the Keldysh formalism in order to derive a current formula easy to use for a system with many sites, one of which is interacting. The main technical challenge is to deal with the lesser Green function. It turns out that, in the case of the left-right symmetry, the knowledge of the lesser Green function is not necessary and an exact current formula can be expressed in terms of retarded Green functions only. The application is done for a triangular interferometer which gives a good account of the Fano-Kondo effect. It is found that the interference effects, in the context of Kondo correlations, give rise to a point in the parameters space where the conductance is temperature-independent. We include a comparison with the results from the Ng's ansatz, which are less accurate, but can be used also in the absence of the above mentioned symmetry.
description: to appear in Phys. Rev. B
Estimating the structure and efficiency of the Canadian foreign exchange market : 1971-1978
Creators: name: Boothe, Paul Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: After eight years under the Bretton Woods system, Canada returned to a regime of flexible exchange rates in May 1970. Over the remainder of the decade many other countries joined Canada in adopting flexible rates, and this movement has opened up a fertile new area for study by economists. This dissertation examines the Canadian foreign exchange market from several different points of view. It begins by comparing a number of theoretical models currently found in the literature, showing the common theoretical core from which the models are derived, as well as the differences among them. The models are then estimated using Canadian and U.S. quarterly data over the period 1971-78, and compared to one another on the basis of fit. The dissertation then turns to the question of prediction. Using the models discussed above, and time-series forecasts of the explanatory variables, monthly forecasts of three-month-ahead exchange rates are constructed for the period 1974-78. Care is taken to ensure that all forecasts are based only on information available to the market at the time the forecast was to have been made. The forecasts of the three-month-ahead exchange rate are compared to one another and also to the three-month forward rate, which is taken to be the market's forecast of the future value of the exchange rate. It is shown that the models' forecasts and the forward rate each contain separate information valuable in forecasting the future spot rate. The models and the forward rate are combined to produce a set of 'optimal' forecasts. The final chapter of the dissertation focuses on speculation and market efficiency. It is shown that the forecasts can be combined with a crude betting strategy to produce speculative profits over the sixty periods from 1974-78. No conventional measure of risk can be constructed, but it is shown that the probability of mean returns being negative after sixty bets is less than one percent. When transaction costs are taken into account, speculative returns are reduced, but the probability of average returns being negative after sixty bets remains less than one percent. Thus all of the estimated models appear to contain information that was not efficiently used by participants in the foreign exchange market between 1974 and 1978. Subsequent research will be required to tell whether this represents a learning period for market participants, or whether exchange market participants will continue to undervalue available information.
Krull dimension for limit groups II: aligning JSJ decompositions
Creators: name: Louder, Larsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65 (Primary); 20E05, 20E06 (Secondary)

description: This is the second paper in a sequence on Krull dimension for limit groups, answering a question of Z. Sela. In it we develop the notion of a resolution of a sequence of limit groups and show how to derive resolutions of low complexity from resolutions of high complexity.
description: Consistent with other papers in the series, I hope. Not a major rewrite. The statement of Theorem 1.4 is consistent with paper 4 (the new one) now. (And they have the same numbering, coincidentally.)
Electron spin manipulation and resonator readout in a double quantum dot nano-electromechanical system
Creators: name: Lambert, N.
name: Mahboob, I.
name: Pioro-Ladrière, M.
name: Tokura, Y.
name: Tarucha, S.
name: Yamaguchi, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetically coupling a nano-mechanical resonator to a double quantum dot confining two electrons can enable the manipulation of a single electron spin and the readout of the resonator's natural frequency. When the Larmor frequency matches the resonator frequency, the electron spin in one of the dots can be selectively flipped by the magnetised resonator. By simultaneously measuring the charge state of the two-electron double quantum dots, this transition can be detected thus enabling the natural frequency of the mechanical resonator to be determined.
description: 7 pages, fixed typos, updated figures 4 and 5
Computability of entropy and information in classical Hamiltonian systems
Creators: name: Kim, Sungyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the computability of entropy and information in classical Hamiltonian systems. We define the information part and total information capacity part of entropy in classical Hamiltonian systems using relative information under a computable discrete partition. Using a recursively enumerable nonrecursive set it is shown that even though the initial probability distribution, entropy, Hamiltonian and its partial derivatives are computable under a computable partition, the time evolution of its information capacity under the original partition can grow faster than any recursive function. This implies that even though the probability measure and information are conserved in classical Hamiltonian time evolution we might not actually compute the information with respect to the original computable partition.
Additional file 1 of Determining sample size for progression criteria for pragmatic pilot RCTs: the hypothesis test strikes back!
Creators: name: Lewis, M.
name: K. Bromley
name: C. J. Sutton
name: G. McCray
name: H. L. Myers
name: G. A. Lancaster
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. R codes used for Fig. 2.
การพัฒนาระบบการสอนนวโกวาทบนอินเทอร์เน็ต
Creators: name: พระทศพล  ตาสาย
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าธนบุรี
Year: 2008
Subjects: นวโกวาท, อินเทอร์เน็ต

description: 1, 2, วารสารวิชาการและวิจัย มทร.พระนคร
Casting exploit analysis as a Weird Machine reconstruction problem
Creators: name: Abela, Robert
name: Vella, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Exploits constitute malware in the form of application inputs. They take advantage of security vulnerabilities inside programs in order to yield execution control to attackers. The root cause of successful exploitation lies in emergent functionality introduced when programs are compiled and loaded in memory for execution, called `Weird Machines' (WMs). Essentially WMs are unexpected virtual machines that execute attackers' bytecode, complicating malware analysis whenever the bytecode set is unknown. We take the direction that WM bytecode is best understood at the level of the process memory layout attained by exploit execution. Each step building towards this memory layout comprises an exploit primitive, an exploit's basic building block. This work presents a WM reconstruction algorithm that works by identifying pre-defined exploit primitive-related behaviour during the dynamic analysis of target binaries, associating it with the responsible exploit segment - the WM bytecode. In this manner any analyst familiar with exploit programming will immediately recognise the reconstructed WM bytecode's semantics. This work is a first attempt at studying the feasibility of this method and focuses on web browsers when targeted by JavaScript exploits.
A multi band study of the optically dark GRB 051028
Creators: name: Urata, Yuji
name: Huang, Kui-Yun
name: Kuo, Ping-Hung
name: Ip, Wing-Huen
name: Qiu, Yulei
name: Masuno, Keisuke
name: Tashiro, Makoto
name: Abe, Keichi
name: Onda, Kaori
name: Kodaka, Natsuki
name: Kuwahara, Makoto
name: Tamagawa, Toru
name: Usui, Fumihiko
name: Ioka, Kunihito
name: Lee, Yi-Hsi
name: Wei, Jianyan
name: Deng, Jinsong
name: Zheng, Weikang
name: Makishima, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations were made of the optical afterglow of GRB 051028 with the Lulin observatory's 1.0 m telescope and the WIDGET robotic telescope system. R band photometric data points were obtained on 2005 October 28 (UT), or 0.095-0.180 days after the burst. There is a possible plateau in the optical light curve around 0.1 days after the burst; the light curve resembles optically bright afterglows (e.g. GRB 041006, GRB 050319, GRB060605) in shape of the light curve but not in brightness. The brightness of the GRB 051028 afterglow is 3 magnitudes fainter than that of one of the dark events, GRB 020124. Optically dark GRBs have been attributed to dust extinction within the host galaxy or high redshift. However, the spectrum analysis of the X-rays implies that there is no significant absorption by the host galaxy. Furthermore, according to the model theoretical calculation of the Ly$α$ absorption to find the limit of GRB 051028's redshift, the expected $R$ band absorption is not high enough to explain the darkness of the afterglow. While the present results disfavor either the high-redshift hypothesis or the high extinction scenario for optically dark bursts, they are consistent with the possibility that the brightness of the optical afterglow, intrinsically dark.
description: 5page, 5 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in PASJ Letter. PASJ style
A single-camera synthetic Schlieren method for the measurement of free liquid surfaces
Creators: name: Li, Huixin
name: Avila, Marc
name: Xu, Duo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A single-camera synthetic Schlieren method is introduced to measure the height of a dynamic free liquid surface in a container with a flat bottom. Markers placed on the bottom, seen through the free surface, are virtually displaced due to light refraction at the surface. According to Snell's law, the marker displacements depend on the refractive indices of the transparent liquid and the air, and on the surface height and its spatial gradients. We solve the resulting governing nonlinear equation with the Newton-Raphson method to obtain the surface height. Our method does not require a reference surface height, which allows the measurement of surfaces topography in situations where the liquid depth is unknown. We demonstrate the accuracy of the method by performing experiments of surface ripples and dam-break flows and discuss the measurement uncertainty, errors and limitations.
Characterizing Long-Period Transiting Planets Observed by Kepler
Creators: name: Yee, Jennifer C.
name: Gaudi, B. Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kepler will monitor a sufficient number of stars that it is likely to detect single transits of planets with periods longer than the mission lifetime. We show that by combining the exquisite Kepler photometry of such transits with precise radial velocity observations taken over a reasonable timescale (~ 6 months) after the transits, and assuming circular orbits, it is possible to estimate the periods of these transiting planets to better than 20%, for planets with radii greater than that of Neptune, and the masses to within a factor of 2, for planets with masses larger than or about equal to the mass of Jupiter. Using a Fisher matrix analysis, we derive analytic estimates for the uncertainties in the velocity of the planet and the acceleration of the star at the time of transit, which we then use to derive the uncertainties for the planet mass, radius, period, semimajor axis, and orbital inclination. Finally, we explore the impact of orbital eccentricity on the estimates of these quantities.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures, Accepted to ApJ
KNN-Averaging for Noisy Multi-objective Optimisation
Creators: name: Klikovits, Stefan
name: Arcaini, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-objective optimisation is a popular approach for finding solutions to complex problems with large search spaces that reliably yields good optimisation results. However, with the rise of cyber-physical systems, emerges a new challenge of noisy fitness functions, whose objective value for a given configuration is non-deterministic, producing varying results on each execution. This leads to an optimisation process that is based on stochastically sampled information, ultimately favouring solutions with fitness values that have co-incidentally high outlier noise. In turn, the results are unfaithful due to their large discrepancies between sampled and expectable objective values. Motivated by our work on noisy automated driving systems, we present the results of our ongoing research to counteract the effect of noisy fitness functions without requiring repeated executions of each solution. Our method kNN-Avg identifies the k-nearest neighbours of a solution point and uses the weighted average value as a surrogate for its actually sampled fitness. We demonstrate the viability of kNN-Avg on common benchmark problems and show that it produces comparably good solutions whose fitness values are closer to the expected value.
description: QUATIC 2021: Quality of Information and Communications Technology
Annotation and Classification of Evidence and Reasoning Revisions in Argumentative Writing
Creators: name: Afrin, Tazin
name: Wang, Elaine
name: Litman, Diane
name: Matsumura, Lindsay C.
name: Correnti, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automated writing evaluation systems can improve students' writing insofar as students attend to the feedback provided and revise their essay drafts in ways aligned with such feedback. Existing research on revision of argumentative writing in such systems, however, has focused on the types of revisions students make (e.g., surface vs. content) rather than the extent to which revisions actually respond to the feedback provided and improve the essay. We introduce an annotation scheme to capture the nature of sentence-level revisions of evidence use and reasoning (the `RER' scheme) and apply it to 5th- and 6th-grade students' argumentative essays. We show that reliable manual annotation can be achieved and that revision annotations correlate with a holistic assessment of essay improvement in line with the feedback provided. Furthermore, we explore the feasibility of automatically classifying revisions according to our scheme.
description: 10 pages, 11 tables, 15th Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications
Regularisation and the Mullineux map
Creators: name: Fayers, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E10, 20C30

description: We classify the pairs of conjugate partitions whose regularisations are images of each other under the Mullineux map. This classification proves a conjecture of Lyle, answering a question of Bessenrodt, Olsson and Xu.
Transient quantum evolution of 2D electrons under photoexcitation of a deep center
Creators: name: Vasko, F. T.
name: Hernandez-Cabrera, A.
name: Aceituno, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have considered the ballistic propagation of the 2D electron Wigner distribution, which is excited by an ultrashort optical pulse from a short-range impurity into the first quantized subband of a selectively-doped heterostructure with high mobility. Transient ionization of a deep local state into a continuum conduction c-band state is described. Since the quantum nature of the photoexcitation, the Wigner distribution over 2D plane appears to be an alternating-sign function. Due to a negative contribution to the Wigner function, the mean values (concentration, energy, and flow) demonstrate an oscillating transient evolution in contrast to the diffusive classical regime of propagation.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, paper
Unsettling Participation - How More-than-Human Entities Shape Digital Forest Practices
Creators: name: Westerlaken, Michelle
Publisher: name: Smart Forests Atlas
Year: 2023
Subjects: Amerindian
Indigenous communities
Algorithm
Bioacoustics
Blockchain
Cicadas
Futures
Monitoring
More-than-human
Multispecies
Ontologies
Participation

description: Forests are not just a collection of plants and trees , they are complex ecosystems with countless entities interacting and participating in their creation, maintenance, and degradation. The Smart Forests Atlas shares different entries that involve human stakeholders, but on a closer look many more-than-human entities are also involved. This Atlas Story summarizes a new publication in Environmental Humanities in which we foreground the critical role of more-than-human entities and relations in shaping digital forest technologies.
Interplay between thermal percolation and jamming upon dimer adsorption on binary alloys
Creators: name: Loscar, Ernesto S.
name: Borzi, R. A.
name: Albano, Ezequiel V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Monte Carlo simulations we study jamming and percolation processes upon the random sequential adsorption of dimers on binary alloys with different degrees of structural order. We obtain the equimolar mixtures used as substrates by applying the isomorphism between an alloy and the Ising model (conserved order parameter). The annealing temperature $T$ of the mixture then is a continuous parameter that characterizes the different sets of substrates, shaping the deposition process. As the alloy undergoes an order-disorder phase transition at the Onsager critical temperature ($T_{c}$), the jamming and percolating properties of the dimers deposited over the substrate are subjected to non-trivial changes. These are reflected in a density-temperature phase diagram with three well-defined regions. We find that for $T < T^* = 1.22 T_{c}$ the occurrence of jamming prevents the onset of percolating clusters, while percolation is possible for $T > T^{*}$. Particular attention is focused close to $T^{*}$, where the interplay between jamming and percolation restricts fluctuations, forcing exponents seemingly different from the standard percolation universality class. By analogy with a thermal transition, we study the onset of percolation by using the {\it temperature} (in this case, the substrate annealing temperature) as a control parameter. By proposing thermal scaling Ansatzes we analyze the behavior of the percolation threshold and its thermally induced fluctuations. Also, the fractal dimension of the percolating cluster is determined. Based on these measurements and the excellent data collapsing, we conclude that the universality class of standard percolation is preserved for all temperatures.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
title: Ο Ναός του Κενού. Μια υποφανής πορεία αναζήτησης του Υπερβατικού στο οροπέδιο των Μουσών.
title: The Temple of Void. A creeping path of pursuit of the Sublime on Muses Plateau
Creators: name: Ναξακης Κυριακος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2021

description: Το θέμα του ναού είναι το ταξίδι της αναζήτησης του υπερβατικού, από τις
ποιότητες της χωρικής αποξένωσης και του Ανοικείου της Πόλης, στο
υπερβατικό που βρίσκεται στη Φύση, στο Οροπέδιο των Μουσών. Πρόκειται
για ένα κτίριο που υποβόσκει στο μεγαλειώδες τοπίο, που πασχίζει να έρθει
στην επιφάνεια καθώς καταβροχθίζεται από το περιβάλλον του και τα στοιχεία
της φύσης. Με μια ρυθμική εσωτερική πορεία, που ενορχηστρώνεται από
πλήρη και κενά, που αφιερώνεται στο σκοτάδι καθώς αναζητεί το φως, που
συνθέτει ένα ταξίδι στο οποίο συνεχώς αντιπαραβάλλονται τα ανοίκεια
βυθιζόμενα κενά της Πόλης με τη μεγαλοπρέπεια της Φύσης. Αυτό το ταξίδι
έχει αφετηρία την ατομική αναζήτηση και την επιβίωση, με τα ατομικά κενά-
κελιά επιβίωσης, στη συνέχεια με τα συλλογικά κενά, φτάνοντας στα κοσμικά
κενά με τους εκθεσιακούς χώρους, για να καταλήξει να απορροφηθεί από το
κεντρικό κενό που αρθρώνει όλες τις διαφορετικές δομές και πορείες του
ναού. Ο ναός του κενού, έχει σκοπό να δημιουργήσει μια υπερβατική πορεία
τοποθέτησης του ατόμου σε σχέση με την Πόλη και τη Φύση, υπονοώντας
την έλλειψη αναγκαιότητας της θρησκευτικής ταυτότητας και των συμβόλων,
για τη δημιουργία ενός κοινού τόπου στον οποίο ο καθένας μπορεί να έχει μια
υπερβατική εμπειρία που είναι προσωπική αλλά ταυτόχρονα συλλογική, που
δεν διαχωρίζει αλλά ενώνει χωρίς διακρίσεις.
Additional file 1 of The influence of QTL allelic diversity on QTL detection in multi-parent populations: a simulation study in sugar beet
Creators: name: Garin, Vincent
name: Wimmer, Valentin
name: Borchardt, Dietrich
name: Malosetti, Marcos
name: Eeuwijk, Fred Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 Figure genetic map information. Genetic map plot with marker density information (PDF 140 kb).
Evolving Digital Circuits for the Knapsack Problem
Creators: name: Oltean, Mihai
name: Groşan, Crina
name: Oltean, Mihaela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi Expression Programming (MEP) is a Genetic Programming variant that uses linear chromosomes for solution encoding. A unique feature of MEP is its ability of encoding multiple solutions of a problem in a single chromosome. In this paper we use Multi Expression Programming for evolving digital circuits for a well-known NP-Complete problem: the knapsack (subset sum) problem. Numerical experiments show that Multi Expression Programming performs well on the considered test problems.
description: 8 pages
Additional file 2 of The influence of QTL allelic diversity on QTL detection in multi-parent populations: a simulation study in sugar beet
Creators: name: Garin, Vincent
name: Wimmer, Valentin
name: Borchardt, Dietrich
name: Malosetti, Marcos
name: Eeuwijk, Fred Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2 Figure simulated QTLs. Visualisation of the different simulated QTL effects (PDF 2833 kb).
Additional file 3 of The influence of QTL allelic diversity on QTL detection in multi-parent populations: a simulation study in sugar beet
Creators: name: Garin, Vincent
name: Wimmer, Valentin
name: Borchardt, Dietrich
name: Malosetti, Marcos
name: Eeuwijk, Fred Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3 Text file phenotype simulation procedure. Detailed description of the procedure used to simulate the phenotypic values (PDF 112 kb).
Additional file 5 of The influence of QTL allelic diversity on QTL detection in multi-parent populations: a simulation study in sugar beet
Creators: name: Garin, Vincent
name: Wimmer, Valentin
name: Borchardt, Dietrich
name: Malosetti, Marcos
name: Eeuwijk, Fred Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5 Histograms distance to the QTL. Histograms of the distribution values of the distance between the simulated and detected QTL (PDF 46 kb).
Additional file 6 of The influence of QTL allelic diversity on QTL detection in multi-parent populations: a simulation study in sugar beet
Creators: name: Garin, Vincent
name: Wimmer, Valentin
name: Borchardt, Dietrich
name: Malosetti, Marcos
name: Eeuwijk, Fred Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6 ANOVA results. ANOVA F-statistics describing the effect of the MPP design, the number of parents, the QTL detection model, the QTL size, and the QTL effect on the TPR at 10 cM for the N = 800 and N = 1600 populations (PDF 73 kb).
The Role of Electrical and Thermal Contact Resistance for Joule Breakdown of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Pop, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several data sets of electrical breakdown in air of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) on insulating substrates are collected and analyzed. A universal scaling of the Joule breakdown power with nanotube length is found, which appears independent of the insulating substrates used or their thickness. This suggests the thermal resistances at the interface between SWNT and insulator, and between SWNT and electrodes, govern heat sinking from the nanotube. Analytical models for the breakdown power scaling are presented, providing an intuitive, physical understanding of the breakdown process. The electrical and thermal resistance at the electrode contacts limit the breakdown behavior for sub-micron SWNTs, the breakdown power scales linearly with length for microns-long tubes, and a minimum breakdown power (~ 0.05 uW) is observed for the intermediate (~ 0.5 um) length range.
description: To appear in Nanotechnology (2008)
Data poetry - Love in the Anthropocene SWISP Lab X Science Carbon Mediator (Anon) x Deep Dream Generator
Creators: name: HEALY, SARAH
name: COLEMAN, KATHRYN
Publisher: name: The University of Melbourne
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 360602
subject: Fine arts
classificationCode: 390405
subject: Educational technology and computing

description: This SWISP Lab postcard Love in the Anthropocene includes a HAK.io 'Hundreds' poem written by a Science Gallery Bengaluru Carbon Mediator (Anon) in WhatsApp (unsent messages) during SWISP Lab's residency in July/August, 2023 and an image generated by SWISP Lab's Deep Dream account in response. On the back of the postcard it says: Hacking the Anthropocene is a speculative inquiry that asks a pressing question of our times: With the whole bloody catastrophe laid out before us, at what point do we intervene? In response, we employ "hacking" as a speculative method for collaborative and creative problem-solving with young people in seven sites across the globe, starting at Science Gallery Bengaluru. An aim is to codesign pluricultural climate curriculum rooted in local issues yet connected to global conversations in partnership with The Science Gallery International Network.​Hacking the Anthropocene is co-located in a purpose built metaverse. Artifacts created by young people while hacking the Anthropocene are digitised and curated into an immersive exhibition hosted by Mozilla HubsTM. Immersive exhibitions that blend art, science, and innovative technologies, make it possible for young people in different parts of the world to gather and shape climate education.​
Additional file 7 of The influence of QTL allelic diversity on QTL detection in multi-parent populations: a simulation study in sugar beet
Creators: name: Garin, Vincent
name: Wimmer, Valentin
name: Borchardt, Dietrich
name: Malosetti, Marcos
name: Eeuwijk, Fred Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7 Empirical confidence intervals. A) Empirical QTL detection confidence intervals using only the results when generating and detection QTL model are the same. B) Confidence intervals for chromosomes with only one detected QTL (PDF 37 kb).