cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The antineutrino energy structure in reactor experiments
Creators: name: Novella, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent observation of an energy structure in the reactor antineutrino spectrum is reviewed. The reactor experiments Daya Bay, Double Chooz and RENO have reported a consistent excess of antineutrinos deviating from the flux predictions, with a local significance of about 4$σ$ between 4 and 6 MeV of the positron energy spectrum. The possible causes of the structure are analyzed in this work, along with the different experimental approaches developed to identify its origin. Considering the available data and results from the three experiments, the most likely explanation concerns the reactor flux predictions and the associated uncertainties. Therefore, the different current models are described and compared. The possible sources of incompleteness or inaccuracy of such models are discussed, as well as the experimental data required to improve their precision.
Loss-difference-induced localization in a non-Hermitian honeycomb photonic lattice
Creators: name: Feng, Yuan
name: Liu, Zhenzhi
name: Liu, Fu
name: Yu, Jiawei
name: Liang, Shun
name: Li, Feng
name: Zhang, Yanpeng
name: Xiao, Min
name: Zhang, Zhaoyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Hermitian systems with complex-valued energy spectra provide an extraordinary platform for manipulating unconventional dynamics of light. Here, we demonstrate the localization of light in an instantaneously reconfigurable non-Hermitian honeycomb photonic lattice that is established in a coherently-prepared atomic system. One set of the sublattices is optically modulated to introduce the absorptive difference between neighboring lattice sites, where the Dirac points in reciprocal space are extended into dispersionless local flat bands. When these local flat bands are broad enough due to larger loss difference, the incident beam is effectively localized at one set of the lattices with weaker absorption, namely, the commonly seen power exchange between adjacent channels in photonic lattices is effectively prohibited. The current work unlocks a new capability from non-Hermitian two-dimensional photonic lattices and provides an alternative route for engineering tunable local flat bands in photonic structures.
A Deep Learning-based Global and Segmentation-based Semantic Feature Fusion Approach for Indoor Scene Classification
Creators: name: Pereira, Ricardo
name: Barros, Tiago
name: Garrote, Luis
name: Lopes, Ana
name: Nunes, Urbano J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work proposes a novel approach that uses a semantic segmentation mask to obtain a 2D spatial layout of the segmentation-categories across the scene, designated by segmentation-based semantic features (SSFs). These features represent, per segmentation-category, the pixel count, as well as the 2D average position and respective standard deviation values. Moreover, a two-branch network, GS2F2App, that exploits CNN-based global features extracted from RGB images and the segmentation-based features extracted from the proposed SSFs, is also proposed. GS2F2App was evaluated in two indoor scene benchmark datasets: the SUN RGB-D and the NYU Depth V2, achieving state-of-the-art results on both datasets.
description: Published at Pattern Recognition Letters 2024 (DOI: 10.1016/j.patrec.2024.01.022)
Surface acoustic wave generation and detection in quantum paraelectric regime of SrTiO$_3$-based heterostructure
Creators: name: Yang, Dengyu
name: Yu, Muqing
name: Pai, Yun-Yi
name: Irvin, Patrick
name: Lee, Hyungwoo
name: Eom, Kitae
name: Eom, Chang-Beom
name: Levy, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strontium titanate (STO), apart from being a ubiquitous substrate for complex-oxide heterostructures, possesses a multitude of strongly-coupled electronic and mechanical properties. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) generation and detection offers insight into electromechanical couplings that are sensitive to quantum paraelectricity and other structural phase transitions. Propagating SAWs can interact with STO-based electronic nanostructures, in particular LaAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ (LAO/STO). Here we report generation and detection of SAW within LAO/STO heterointerfaces at cryogenic temperatures ($T\ge$~2 K) using superconducting interdigitated transducers (IDTs). The temperature dependence shows an increase in the SAWs quality factor that saturates at $T\approx 8 $ K. The effect of backgate tuning on the SAW resonance frequency shows the possible acoustic coupling with the ferroelastic domain wall evolution. This method of generating SAWs provides a pathway towards dynamic tuning of ferroelastic domain structures, which are expected to influence electronic properties of complex-oxide nanostructures. Devices which incorporate SAWs may in turn help to elucidate the role of ferroelastic domain structures in mediating electronic behavior.
Biases in Inverse Ising Estimates of Near-Critical Behaviour
Creators: name: Kloucek, Maximilian Benedikt
name: Machon, Thomas
name: Kajimura, Shogo
name: Royall, C. Patrick
name: Masuda, Naoki
name: Turci, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Inverse Ising inference allows pairwise interactions of complex binary systems to be reconstructed from empirical correlations. Typical estimators used for this inference, such as Pseudo-likelihood maximization (PLM), are biased. Using the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick (SK) model as a benchmark, we show that these biases are large in critical regimes close to phase boundaries, and may alter the qualitative interpretation of the inferred model. In particular, we show that the small-sample bias causes models inferred through PLM to appear closer-to-criticality than one would expect from the data. Data-driven methods to correct this bias are explored and applied to a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) dataset from neuroscience. Our results indicate that additional care should be taken when attributing criticality to real-world datasets.
Construction of uniformly bounded periodic continued fractions
Creators: name: Mercat, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We build, for real quadratic fields, infinitely many periodic continuous fractions uniformly bounded, with a seemingly better bound than the known ones. We do that using continuous fraction expansions with the same shape as those of real numbers sqrt(n) + n. It allows us to obtain that there exist infinitely many quadratic fields containing infinitely many continuous fraction expansions formed only by integers 1 and 2. We also prove that a conjecture of Zaremba implies a conjecture of McMullen, building periodic continuous fractions from continued fraction expansions of rational numbers.
description: in French
On a Finite Population Variation of the Fisher-KPP Equation
Creators: name: Griffin, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we formulate a finite population variation of the Fisher-KPP equation using the fact that the reaction term can be generated from the replicator dynamic using a two-player two-strategy skew-symmetric game. We use prior results from Ablowitz and Zeppetella to show that the resulting system of partial differential equations admits a travelling wave solution, and that there are closed form solutions for this travelling wave. Interestingly, the closed form solution is constructed from a sign-reversal of the known closed form solution of the classic Fisher equation. We also construct a closed form solution approximation for the corresponding equilibrium problem on a finite interval with Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. Two conjectures on these corresponding equilibrium problems are presented and analysed numerically.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Resolving the emission transition dipole moments of single doubly-excited seeded nanorods via heralded defocused imaging
Creators: name: Amgar, Daniel
name: Lubin, Gur
name: Yang, Gaoling
name: Rabouw, Freddy T.
name: Oron, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor nanocrystal emission polarization is a crucial probe of nanocrystal physics and an essential factor for nanocrystal-based technologies. While the transition dipole moment of the lowest excited state to ground state transition is well characterized, the dipole moment of higher multiexcitonic transitions is inaccessible via most spectroscopy techniques. Here, we realize direct characterization of the doubly-excited state relaxation transition dipole by heralded defocused imaging. Defocused imaging maps the dipole emission pattern onto a fast single-photon avalanche diode detector array, allowing the post-selection of photon pairs emitted from the biexciton-exciton emission cascade and resolving the differences in transition dipole moments. Type-I1/2 seeded nanorods exhibit higher anisotropy of the biexciton-to-exciton transition compared to the exciton-to-ground state transition. In contrast, type-II seeded nanorods display a reduction of biexciton emission anisotropy. These findings are rationalized in terms of an interplay between transient dynamics of the refractive index and the excitonic fine structure.
Heralded single-photon source utilizing highly nondegenerate, spectrally factorable spontaneous parametric downconversion
Creators: name: Kaneda, Fumihiro
name: Garay-Palmett, Karina
name: U'Ren, Alfred B.
name: Kwiat, Paul G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the generation of an indistinguishable heralded single-photon state, using highly nondegenerate spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC). Spectrally factorable photon pairs can be generated by incorporating a broadband pump pulse and a group-velocity matching (GVM) condition in a periodically-poled potassium titanyl phosphate (PPKTP) crystal. The heralding photon is in the near IR, close to the peak detection efficiency of off-the-shelf Si single-photon detectors; meanwhile, the heralded photon is in the telecom L-band where fiber losses are at a minimum. We observe spectral factorability of the SPDC source and consequently high purity (90%) of the produced heralded single photons by several different techniques. Because this source can also realize a high heralding efficiency (> 90%), it would be suitable for time-multiplexing techniques, enabling a pseudo-deterministic single-photon source, a critical resource for optical quantum information and communication technology.
Electric dipole polarizability of $^{40}$Ca
Creators: name: Fearick, R. W.
name: von Neumann-Cosel, P.
name: Bacca, S.
name: Birkhan, J.
name: Bonaiti, F.
name: Brandherm, I.
name: Hagen, G.
name: Matsubara, H.
name: Nazarewicz, W.
name: Pietralla, N.
name: Ponomarev, V. Yu.
name: Reinhard, P. -G.
name: Roca-Maza, X.
name: Richter, A.
name: Schwenk, A.
name: Simonis, J.
name: Tamii, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electric dipole strength distribution in $^{40}$Ca between 5 and 25 MeV has been determined at RCNP, Osaka, from proton inelastic scattering experiments at very forward angles. Combined with total photoabsorption data at higher excitation energy, this enables an extraction of the electric dipole polarizability $α_\mathrm{D}$($^{40}$Ca) = 1.92(17) fm$^3$. Together with the measured $α_{\rm D}$ in $^{48}$Ca, it provides a stringent test of modern theoretical approaches, including coupled cluster calculations with chiral effective field theory interactions and state-of-the art energy density functionals. The emerging picture is that for this medium-mass region dipole polarizabilities are well described theoretically, with important constraints for the neutron skin in $^{48}$Ca and related equation of state quantities.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Astronomical Observing Conditions at Xinglong Observatory from 2007 to 2014
Creators: name: Zhang, Ji-Cheng
name: Ge, Liang
name: Lu, Xiao-Meng
name: Cao, Zi-Huang
name: Chen, Xu
name: Mao, Yong-Na
name: Jiang, Xiao-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Xinglong Observatory of the National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAOC), is one of the major optical observatories in China, which hosts nine optical telescopes including the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) and the 2.16 m reflector. Scientific research from these telescopes is focused on stars, galaxies, and exoplanets using multicolor photometry and spectroscopic observations. Therefore, it is important to provide the observing conditions of the site, in detail, to the astronomers for an efficient use of these facilities. In this article, we present the characterization of observing conditions at Xinglong Observatory based on the monitoring of meteorology, seeing and sky brightness during the period from 2007 to 2014. Results suggest that Xinglong Observatory is still a good site for astronomical observations. Our analysis of the observing conditions at Xinglong Observatory can be used as a reference to the observers on targets selection, observing strategy, and telescope operation.
description: 29 pages, 19 figures
Psilus fortis Muesebeck 1980
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Mymaridae
Psilus
Psilus fortis

description: Psilus fortis Muesebeck, 1980: 4, 5, 11, figs 10, 27, 37, 51.
Valid name
Psilus fortis Muesebeck, 1980.
Summary of types
Paratype ♂.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 84, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Fractional Marcus-Hush-Chidsey-Yakopcic current-voltage model for redox-based resistive memory devices
Creators: name: Paradezhenko, Georgii
name: Prodan, Dmitrii
name: Pervishko, Anastasiia
name: Yudin, Dmitry
name: Allagui, Anis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a circuit-level model combining the Marcus-Hush-Chidsey electron current equation and the Yakopcic equation for the state variable for describing resistive switching memory devices of the structure metal-ionic conductor-metal. We extend the dynamics of the state variable originally described by a first-order time derivative by introducing a fractional derivative with an arbitrary order between zero and one. We show that the extended model fits with great fidelity the current-voltage characteristic data obtained on a Si electrochemical metallization memory device with Ag-Cu alloy.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
A quantitative approach to weighted Carleson Condition
Creators: name: Rivera-Ríos, Israel P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Quantitative versions of weighted estimates obtained by F. Ruiz and J.L. Torrea in the 80's for the operator \[ \mathcal{M}f(x,t)=\sup_{x\in Q,\,l(Q)\geq t}\frac{1}{|Q|}\int_{Q}|f(x)|dx \qquad x\in\mathbb{R}^{n}, \, t \geq0 \] are obtained. As a consequence, some sufficient conditions for the boundedness of $\mathcal{M}$ in the two weight setting in the spirit of the results obtained by C. Pérez and E. Rela and very recently by M.T. Lacey and S. Spencer for the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator are derived. As a byproduct some new quantitative estimates for the Poisson integral are obtained.
Chlorodesmis Harvey & Bailey 1841
Creators: name: Mora-Valdés, Laura Areli
name: Riosmena-Rodríguez, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Chlorophyta
Ulvophyceae
Bryopsidales
Udoteaceae
Chlorodesmis

description: Chlorodesmis Harvey & Bailey (1841: 373)
 Chlorodesmis hildebrandtii A. Gepp & E.S. Gepp (1911: 16, 137).
 TAXONOMIC STATUS:According to Pedroche et al. (2005) and Guiry & Guiry (2014) the name C. hildebrandtii is currently valid; however no one has recently reviewed the taxonomic status in the Gulf of California.
 RECORDS IN THE GULF OF CALIFORNIA: ND (González-González et al. 1996: 129), Isla San Francisco, Isla Espíritu Santo and Isla La Partida (Dawson 1959: 5, 14), Bahía de Banderas (Serviere-Zaragoza et al. 1993: table 2, Serviere-Zaragoza et al. 1998: 169), Punta Areas and Cabo Pulmo (Mateo-Cid et al. 2000: table 1), Southern Gulf (Norris 2010: 94). Unpublished data: Castillo-Álvarez (1990: 48, table 1).
 Chlorodesmis mexicana W.R. Taylor (1945: 64–67).
 TAXONOMIC STATUS: Pedroche et al. (2005) reported this species as a synonym of Chlorodesmis caespitosa J. Agardh, however according to Guiry & Guiry (2014) the name C. mexicana is currently taxonomicaly valid.
 RECORDS IN THE GULF OF CALIFORNIA: Bahía de Banderas (Serviere-Zaragoza et al. 1993). Unpublished data: Castillo-Álvarez (1990: 48, table1).
description: Published as part of Mora-Valdés, Laura Areli & Riosmena-Rodríguez, Rafael, 2016, Checklist of the green (Ulvophyceae) macroalgae from the Gulf of California, México, pp. 203-247 in Phytotaxa 246 (4) on page 218, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.246.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13678608
Rank gradients of infinite cyclic covers of Kaehler manifolds
Creators: name: Friedl, Stefan
name: Vidussi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C55, 20F65

description: Given a Kaehler group $G$ and a primitive class $ϕ\in H^1(G;Z)$, we show that the rank gradient of $(G;ϕ)$ is zero if and only if Ker $ϕ$ is finitely generated. Using this approach, we give a quick proof of the fact (originally due to Napier and Ramachandran) that Kaehler groups are not properly ascending or descending HNN extensions. Further investigation of the properties of Bieri-Neumann-Strebel invariants of Kaehler groups allows us to show that a large class of groups of orientation-preserving PL homeomorphisms of an interval, which generalize Thompson's group $F$, are not Kaehler.
description: 16 pages, to appear in J. Group Theory
Preterm formula, human donor milk, and breast milk fortification for preterm infants
Creators: name: Mills, Luke
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Evidence is lacking to inform on optimal very preterm diet and growth in relation to functional outcomes. Early adiposity is a potential biomarker of later metabolic disease, but its modification by early nutrition is unknown. The aims of the thesis were to (i) investigate relationships between early diet, macronutrient intake, growth, body composition, and insulin sensitivity, and (ii) evaluate the feasibility of a larger randomised controlled trial powered to detect differences in functional health outcomes. Infants <32 weeks gestation were randomised within 48 hours of birth to receive unfortified human milk (UHM) (unfortified mother’s own milk [MOM] +/- unfortified pasteurised donor milk [pHDM]) supplement), fortified human milk (FHM) (fortified MOM +/- fortified pHDM supplement), and unfortified MOM +/- preterm formula (PTF) supplement from birth to 35+0 weeks post-menstrual age (PMA). Primary outcome was total adipose tissue (TAT) volume at term, measured by whole body magnetic resonance imaging. Secondary outcomes were regional adipose tissue volumes and anthropometry at term and term plus 6 weeks, and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index at 35 weeks PMA. Thirty-five infants were randomised to UHM, 34 to FHM, and 34 to PTF groups, of which 21, 19, and 24 infants completed imaging at term, and 14, 5, and 19 respectively, at term plus 6 weeks. There were no significant between-group differences in TAT at term (mean (sd): UHM: 0.870L (0.35L); FHM: 0.889L (0.31L); PTF: 0.809L (0.25L), p=0.66) or in any other outcome. Agreement to participate in the feeding intervention using an opt-out process was 62%, and 55% consented to imaging using an opt-in approach. Two infants developed severe necrotising enterocolitis, and 2 met a predefined weight gain threshold to receive rescue fortifier/formula. Early macronutrient intake had no persistent effect on body composition, with an early preferential adipose tissue deposition changing to non-adipose tissue mass gains by 35 weeks PMA. Very preterm infants fed UHM, FHM, or PTF as supplements to MOM have comparable body composition and growth at term and term plus 6 weeks. Trial design and feeding interventions were safe, feasible, and acceptable to parents and clinical teams. Modification of body composition by prolonged, or later in-hospital use of fortifier, and relation to functional outcomes are important research questions.
Primordial inhomogeneities from massive defects during inflation
Creators: name: Firouzjahi, Hassan
name: Karami, Asieh
name: Rostami, Tahereh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the imprints of local massive defects, such as a black hole or a massive monopole, during inflation. The massive defect breaks the background homogeneity. We consider the limit that the physical Schwarzschild radius of the defect is much smaller than the inflationary Hubble radius so a perturbative analysis is allowed. The inhomogeneities induced in scalar and gravitational wave power spectrum are calculated. We obtain the amplitudes of dipole, quadrupole and octupole anisotropies in curvature perturbation power spectrum and identify the relative configuration of the defect to CMB sphere in which large observable dipole asymmetry can be generated. We observe a curious reflection symmetry in which the configuration where the defect is inside the CMB comoving sphere has the same inhomogeneous variance as its mirror configuration where the defect is outside the CMB sphere.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures
Correlations of multiplicative functions and applications
Creators: name: Klurman, Oleksiy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N37, 11N64

description: We give an asymptotic formula for correlations \[ \sum_{n\le x}f_1(P_1(n))f_2(P_2(n))\cdot \dots \cdot f_m(P_m(n))\] where $f\dots,f_m$ are bounded "pretentious" multiplicative functions, under certain natural hypotheses. We then deduce several desirable consequences:\ First, we characterize all multiplicative functions $f:\mathbb{N}\to\{-1,+1\}$ with bounded partial sums. This answers a question of Erdős from $1957$ in the form conjectured by Tao. Second, we show that if the average of the first divided difference of multiplicative function is zero, then either $f(n)=n^s$ for $\operatorname{Re}(s)<1$ or $|f(n)|$ is small on average. This settles an old conjecture of Kátai. Third, we apply our theorem to count the number of representations of $n=a+b$ where $a,b$ belong to some multiplicative subsets of $\mathbb{N}.$ This gives a new "circle method-free" proof of the result of Brüdern.
Authoritative Works and Texts in the Second Temple Period
Creators: name: Tigchelaar, Eibert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Authority
Dead Sea Scrolls
Canonicity
Textual fluidity

description: Paper at conference at Agder University, Kristiansand, Norway, on what scholars mean when they are searching for authoritative works and manuscripts among the Dead Sea Scrolls.
Graph entropies in texture segmentation of images
Creators: name: Welk, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.7; I.4.6; G.2.2; I.2.10; G.1.2

description: We study the applicability of a set of texture descriptors introduced in recent work by the author to texture-based segmentation of images. The texture descriptors under investigation result from applying graph indices from quantitative graph theory to graphs encoding the local structure of images. The underlying graphs arise from the computation of morphological amoebas as structuring elements for adaptive morphology, either as weighted or unweighted Dijkstra search trees or as edge-weighted pixel graphs within structuring elements. In the present paper we focus on texture descriptors in which the graph indices are entropy-based, and use them in a geodesic active contour framework for image segmentation. Experiments on several synthetic and one real-world image are shown to demonstrate texture segmentation by this approach. Forthermore, we undertake an attempt to analyse selected entropy-based texture descriptors with regard to what information about texture they actually encode. Whereas this analysis uses some heuristic assumptions, it indicates that the graph-based texture descriptors are related to fractal dimension measures that have been proven useful in texture analysis.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures
A geometric approach to alternating $k$-linear forms
Creators: name: Cardinali, Ilaria
name: Giuzzi, Luca
name: Pasini, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A75, 14M15, 15A69

description: Given an $n$-dimensional vector space $V$ over a field $\mathbb K$, let $2\leq k < n$. There is a natural correspondence between the alternating $k$-linear forms $φ$ of $V$ and the linear functionals $f$ of $\bigwedge^kV$. Let $\varepsilon_k:{\mathcal G}_k(V)\rightarrow {\mathrm{PG}}(\bigwedge^kV)$ be the Plucker embedding of the $k$-Grassmannian ${\mathcal G}_k(V)$ of $V$. Then $\varepsilon_k^{-1}(\ker(f)\cap\varepsilon_k(\mathcal{G}_k(V)))$ is a hyperplane of the point-line geometry ${\mathcal G}_k(V)$. All hyperplanes of ${\mathcal G}_k(V)$ can be obtained in this way. For a hyperplane $H$ of ${\mathcal G}_k(V)$, let $R^\uparrow(H)$ be the subspace of ${\mathcal G}_{k-1}(V)$ formed by the $(k-1)$-subspaces $A\subset V$ such that $H$ contains all $k$-subspaces that contain $A$. In other words, if $φ$ is the (unique modulo a scalar) alternating $k$-linear form defining $H$, then the elements of $R^\uparrow(H)$ are the $(k-1)$-subspaces $A = \langle a_1,\ldots, a_{k-1}\rangle$ of $V$ such that $φ(a_1,\ldots, a_{k-1},x) = 0$ for all $x\in V$. When $n-k$ is even it might be that $R^\uparrow(H) = \emptyset$. When $n-k$ is odd, then $R^\uparrow(H) \neq \emptyset$, since every $(k-2)$-subspace of $V$ is contained in at least one member of $R^\uparrow(H)$. If every $(k-2)$-subspace of $V$ is contained in precisely one member of $R^\uparrow(H)$ we say that $R^\uparrow(H)$ is spread-like. In this paper we obtain some results on $R^\uparrow(H)$ which answer some open questions from the literature and suggest the conjecture that, if $n-k$ is even and at least $4$, then $R^\uparrow(H) \neq \emptyset$ but for one exception with ${\mathbb K}\leq{\mathbb R}$ and $(n,k) = (7,3)$, while if $n-k$ is odd and at least $5$ then $R^\uparrow(H)$ is never spread-like.
description: 29 Pages
$T \overline{T}$-Like Flows and $3d$ Nonlinear Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Ferko, Christian
name: Hu, Yangrui
name: Huang, Zejun
name: Koutrolikos, Konstantinos
name: Tartaglino-Mazzucchelli, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the $3d$ Born-Infeld theory can be generated via an irrelevant deformation of the free Maxwell theory. The deforming operator is constructed from the energy-momentum tensor and includes a novel non-analytic contribution that resembles root-$T \overline{T}$. We find that a similar operator deforms a free scalar into the scalar sector of the Dirac-Born-Infeld action, which describes transverse fluctuations of a D-brane, in any dimension. We also analyse trace flow equations and obtain flows for subtracted models driven by a relevant operator. In $3d$, the irrelevant deformation can be made manifestly supersymmetric by presenting the flow equation in $\mathcal{N} = 1$ superspace, where the deforming operator is built from supercurrents. We demonstrate that two supersymmetric presentations of the D2-brane effective action, the Maxwell-Goldstone multiplet and the tensor-Goldstone multiplet, satisfy superspace flow equations driven by this supercurrent combination. To do this, we derive expressions for the supercurrents in general classes of vector and tensor/scalar models by directly solving the superspace conservation equations and also by coupling to $\mathcal{N} = 1$ supergravity. As both of these multiplets exhibit a second, spontaneously broken supersymmetry, this analysis provides further evidence for a connection between current-squared deformations and nonlinearly realized symmetries.
description: 68 pages; LaTeX; v4: references and comments added
Quantum Cognition Beyond Hilbert Space I: Fundamentals
Creators: name: Aerts, Diederik
name: Beltran, Lyneth
name: de Bianchi, Massimiliano Sassoli
name: Sozzo, Sandro
name: Veloz, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formalism of quantum theory in Hilbert space has been applied with success to the modeling and explanation of several cognitive phenomena, whereas traditional cognitive approaches were problematical. However, this 'quantum cognition paradigm' was recently challenged by its proven impossibility to simultaneously model 'question order effects' and 'response replicability'. In Part I of this paper we describe sequential dichotomic measurements within an operational and realistic framework for human cognition elaborated by ourselves, and represent them in a quantum-like 'extended Bloch representation' where the Born rule of quantum probability does not necessarily hold. In Part II we apply this mathematical framework to successfully model question order effects, response replicability and unpacking effects, thus opening the way toward quantum cognition beyond Hilbert space.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Stacking-dependent nonreciprocal transport in magnetic skyrmions
Creators: name: Hayami, Satoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I theoretically propose an emergence of nonlinear nonreciprocal transport in centrosymmetric magnets with topological spin textures. By focusing on the stacking degree of freedom of the skyrmion crystals on a layered triangular lattice, I find that the ABC-stacking structure of the skyrmion crystals gives rise to out-of-plane nonreciprocal transport without the relativistic spin-orbit coupling. I show that such nonreciprocal transport is caused by an asymmetric band modulation due to the stacking structure, where the scalar chirality across the layers is a key ingredient. I also show an effective spin model to stabilize the ABC-stacking skyrmion structure. The present results indicate that the stacking structure of the skyrmion crystal becomes a source of further intriguing transport properties.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures. To appear in JMMM
A Subgeometric Convergence Formula for Total-variation Error of the Level-increment Truncation Approximation of M/G/1-type Markov Chains
Creators: name: Ouchi, Katsuhisa
name: Masuyama, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper considers the level-increment (LI) truncation approximation of M/G/1-type Markov chains. The LI truncation approximation is usually used to implement Ramaswami's recursion for the stationary distribution in M/G/1-type Markov chains. The main result of this paper is a subgeometric convergence formula for the total-variation distance between the stationary distribution and its LI truncation approximation.
description: 20 pages
Psilus masneri Muesebeck 1980
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Mymaridae
Psilus
Psilus masneri

description: Psilus masneri Muesebeck, 1980: 4, 12, figs 11, 38, 52.
Valid name
Psilus masneri Muesebeck, 1980.
Summary of types
Paratype ♀.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on pages 84-85, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
The Wigner function of a semiconfined harmonic oscillator model with a position-dependent effective mass
Creators: name: Nagiyev, S. M.
name: Jafarova, A. M.
name: Jafarov, E. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81S30, 81Q80, 33C10, 33C45

description: We propose a phase-space representation concept in terms of the Wigner function for a quantum harmonic oscillator model that exhibits the semiconfinement effect through its mass varying with the position. The new method is used to compute the Wigner distribution function exactly for such a semiconfinement quantum system. This method suppresses the divergence of the integrand in the definition of the quantum distribution function and leads to the computation of its analytical expressions for the stationary states of the semiconfined oscillator model. For this quantum system, both the presence and absence of the applied external homogenous field are studied. Obtained exact expressions of the Wigner distribution function are expressed through the Bessel function of the first kind and Laguerre polynomials. Furthermore, some of the special cases and limits are discussed in detail.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
A DDI-L based Data Portal for the European Social Survey
Creators: name: Beuster, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: DDI

description: In June 2022, the ESS archive launched its new Data Portal where users can browse and download variables from more than 60 data files. Study documentation and information about fieldwork in each country is also available. The Portal also contains a Data Wizard that allow users to download a subset dataset by choosing a selection of rounds, variables and/or countries. The portal was mainly developed due to the storage of data being moved from on-premises servers to a new cloud platform. The changes also include an upgrade of the ESS metadata, moving from DDI-Codebook to DDI-Lifecycle. DDI-Lifecycle is specifically designed for cross-national and longitudinal surveys since it allows documentation of data across the entire life cycle. This presentation describes the metadata structure of the ESS Data Portal, and it shows the main metadata elements behind the ESS Data Wizard as an example for applied DDI-variable concordance.
Unusual anisotropic magnetoresistance due to magnetization-dependent spin-orbit interactions
Creators: name: Dong, M. Q.
name: Guo, Zhi-Xin
name: Wang, X. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of recent surprising discoveries is the unusual anisotropic magnetoresistance (UAMR) that depends on two magnetization components perpendicular to the current differently, in contrast to the conventional anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) that predicts no change in resistance when the magnetization varies in the plane perpendicular to the current. Using density functional theory and Boltzmann transport equation calculations for bcc Fe, hcp Co, and bcc FeCo alloys, we show that UAMR can be accounted by the magnetization-dependent spin-orbit interactions (SOI): Magnetization-dependent SOI modifies electron energy bands that, in turn, changes resistance. A phenomenological model reveals the intrinsic connection between SOI and order-parameters. Such a mechanism is confirmed by the strong biaxial stain effect on UAMR. Our findings provide an efficient way of searching and optimizing materials with large UAMR, important in the design of high-performance spintronic devices.
description: 4 figures
Nonlinear constructive observer design for direct homography estimation
Creators: name: Bouazza, Tarek
name: Van Goor, Pieter
name: Mahony, Robert
name: Hamel, Tarek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Feature-based homography estimation approaches rely on extensive image processing for feature extraction and matching, and do not adequately account for the information provided by the image. Therefore, developing efficient direct techniques to extract the homography from images is essential. This paper presents a novel nonlinear direct homography observer that exploits the Lie group structure of $\mathbf{SL}(3)$ and its action on the space of image maps. Theoretical analysis demonstrates local asymptotic convergence of the observer. The observer design is also extended for partial measurements of velocity under the assumption that the unknown component is constant or slowly time-varying. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the performance of the proposed solutions on real images.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Proceedings of IFAC World Congress 2023
Equivalence Principles, Spacetime Structure and the Cosmic Connection
Creators: name: Ni, Wei-Tou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After reviewing the meaning of various equivalence principles and the structure of electrodynamics, we give a fairly detailed account of the construction of the light cone and a core metric from the equivalence principle for the photon (no birefringence, no polarization rotation and no amplification/attenuation in propagation) in the framework of linear electrodynamics using cosmic connections/observations as empirical support. The cosmic nonbirefringent propagation of photons independent of energy and polarization verifies the Galileo Equivalence Principle [Universality of Propagation] for photons/electromagnetic wave packets in spacetime. This nonbirefringence constrains the spacetime constitutive tensor to high precision to a core metric form with an axion degree and a dilaton degree of freedom. Thus comes the metric with axion and dilation. Constraints on axion and dilaton from astrophysical/cosmic propagation are reviewed. Eötvös-type experiments, Hughes-Drever-type experiments, redshift experiments then constrain and tie this core metric to agree with the matter metric, and hence a unique physical metric and universality of metrology. We summarize these experiments and review how the Galileo equivalence principle constrains the Einstein Equivalence Principle (EEP) theoretically. In local physics this physical metric gives the Lorentz/Poincaré covariance. Understanding that the metric and EEP come from the vacuum as a medium of electrodynamics in the linear regime, efforts to actively look for potential effects beyond this linear scheme are warranted.
description: 47 pages, 3 tables
On the distribution of the Cold Neutral Medium in galaxy discs
Creators: name: Smith, Rowan J.
name: Tress, Robin
name: Soler, Juan D.
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
name: Glover, Simon C. O.
name: Hennebelle, Patrick
name: Molinari, Sergio
name: Mac Low, Mordecai-Mark
name: Whitworth, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cold Neutral Medium (CNM) is an important part of the galactic gas cycle and a precondition for the formation of molecular and star forming gas, yet its distribution is still not fully understood. In this work we present extremely high resolution simulations of spiral galaxies with time-dependent chemistry such that we can track the formation of the CNM, its distribution within the galaxy, and its correlation with star formation. We find no strong radial dependence between the CNM fraction and total HI due to the decreasing interstellar radiation field counterbalancing the decreasing gas column density at larger galactic radii.However, the CNM fraction does increase in spiral arms where the CNM distribution is clumpy, rather than continuous, overlapping more closely with H2. The CNM doesn't extend out radially as far as HI, and the vertical scale height is smaller in the outer galaxy compared to HI with no flaring. The CNM column density scales with total midplane pressure and disappears from the gas phase below values of PT/kB =1000 K/cm3. We find that the star formation rate density follows a similar scaling law with CNM column density to the total gas Kennicutt-Schmidt law. In the outer galaxy we produce realistic vertical velocity dispersions in the HI purely from galactic dynamics but our models do not predict CNM at the extremely large radii observed in HI absorption studies of the Milky Way. We suggest that extended spiral arms might produce isolated clumps of CNM at these radii.
description: 13 pages, 20 figures, accepted by MNRAS
jmni_18_543.pdf
Creators: name: Mohamed, Rasha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Physiotherapy

description: o evaluate the effectiveness of twister wrap orthosis (TWO) on foot pressure distribution and postural balance in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: Thirty children with spastic diplegic CP, with ages ranging from 6 to 8 years, were assigned randomly into two groups. The control group received the conventional physical therapy and ankle foot orthosis (AFO), whereas the study group received the same program as the control group in addition to TWO. Measurement of foot pressure distribution using a pressure platform as well as stability indices using the Biodex Stability System was performed before and after 12 weeks of the treatment program. Results: Both groups showed a significant increase in mean and peak planter pressure on forefoot and rear foot with a significant decrease on mid foot after treatment (P<0.05). The study group showed a significant improvement in balance after treatment (P<0.05) while there was no significant difference in the control group. After treatment, the study group showed significant improvement in planter pressure and balance compared with the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: TWO could provide correction of foot pressure distribution and improve postural balance in children with spastic diplegic CP.
Densifying the sparse cloud SimSaaS: The need of a synergy among agent-directed simulation, SimSaaS and HLA
Creators: name: Azevedo, Tiago
name: Rossetti, Rosaldo J. F.
name: Barbosa, Jorge G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modelling & Simulation (M&S) is broadly used in real scenarios where making physical modifications could be highly expensive. With the so-called Simulation Software-as-a-Service (SimSaaS), researchers could take advantage of the huge amount of resource that cloud computing provides. Even so, studying and analysing a problem through simulation may need several simulation tools, hence raising interoperability issues. Having this in mind, IEEE developed a standard for interoperability among simulators named High Level Architecture (HLA). Moreover, the multi-agent system approach has become recognised as a convenient approach for modelling and simulating complex systems. Despite all the recent works and acceptance of these technologies, there is still a great lack of work regarding synergies among them. This paper shows by means of a literature review this lack of work or, in other words, the sparse Cloud SimSaaS. The literature review and the resulting taxonomy are the main contributions of this paper, as they provide a research agenda illustrating future research opportunities and trends.
Adjoint-based variational optimal mixed models for large-eddy simulation of turbulence
Creators: name: Yuan, Zelong
name: Wang, Yunpeng
name: Wang, Xiaoning
name: Wang, Jianchun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An adjoint-based variational optimal mixed model (VOMM) is proposed for subgrid-scale (SGS) closure in large-eddy simulation (LES) of turbulence. The stabilized adjoint LES equations are formulated by introducing a minimal regularization to address the numerical instabilities of the long-term gradient evaluations in chaotic turbulent flows. The VOMM model parameters are optimized by minimizing the discrepancy of energy dissipation spectra between LES calculations and a priori knowledge of direct numerical simulation (DNS) using the gradient-based optimization. The a posteriori performance of the VOMM model is comprehensively examined in LES of three turbulent flows, including the forced homogeneous isotropic turbulence, decaying homogenous isotropic turbulence, and temporally evolving turbulent mixing layer. The VOMM model outperforms the dynamic Smagorinsky model (DSM), dynamic mixed model (DMM) and approximate deconvolution model (ADM) in predictions of various turbulence statistics, including the velocity spectrum, structure functions, statistics of velocity increments and vorticity, temporal evolutions of the turbulent kinetic energy, dissipation rate, momentum thickness and Reynolds stress, as well as the instantaneous vortex structures at different grid resolutions and times. In addition, the VOMM model only takes up 30% time of the DMM model for all flow scenarios. These results demonstrate that the proposed VOMM model improves the numerical stability of LES and has high a posteriori accuracy and computational efficiency by incorporating the a priori information of turbulence statistics, highlighting that the VOMM model has a great potential to develop advanced SGS models in the LES of turbulence.
description: 77 pages, 29 figures, 9 tables