cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Backreaction Effects on Nonequilibrium Spectral Function
Creators: name: Mendizabal, Sebastian
name: Rojas, Juan Cristobal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to compute the spectral function for a scalar theory in two different scenarios: one which disregards back-reaction i.e. the response of the environment to the external particle, and the other one where back-reaction is considered. The calculation was performed using the Kadanoff-Baym equation through the Keldysh formalism. When back-reaction is neglected, the spectral function is equal to the equilibrium one, which can be represented as a Breit-Wigner distribution. When back-reaction is introduced we observed a damping in the spectral function of the thermal bath. Such behavior modifies the damping rate for particles created within the bath. This certainly implies phenomenological consequences right after the Big-Bang, when the primordial bath was created.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 14 of Dimensionality of genomic information and its impact on genome-wide associations and variant selection for genomic prediction: a simulation study
Creators: name: Jang, Sungbong
name: Tsuruta, Shogo
name: Leite, Natalia Galoro
name: Misztal, Ignacy
name: Lourenco, Daniela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 14: Tables S1. a–d Number of significantly identified QTN, SNPs and the variance explained by QTN (mean ± SE) of five replicates: (a) Ne20Q200, (b) Ne20Q2000, (c) Ne200Q200, and (d) Ne200Q2000. Tables S2. a–d Estimated sample size using local polynomial regression $$\left( {{\text{Sample}}_{{{\text{app}}1}} } \right)$$ Sample app 1 and for each feasible scenario: (a) Ne20 Q200, (b) Ne20 Q2000, (c) Ne200 Q200, and (d) Ne200 Q2000. %Var1: percentage of variance explained by significantly identified QTN; $${\text{SS}}_{{{\text{pol}}}}$$ SS pol 2: estimated sample size using local polynomial regression; $${\text{EIGx}}_{{{\text{app}}1}}$$ EIGx app 1 3: EIGx scenario range including $${\text{Sample}}_{{{\text{app}}1}}$$ Sample app 1 .
The Vlasov-Poisson-Boltzmann system for a disparate mass binary mixture
Creators: name: Duan, Renjun
name: Liu, Shuangqian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Vlasov-Poisson-Boltzmann system is often used to govern the motion of plasmas consisting of electrons and ions with disparate masses when collisions of charged particles are described by the two-component Boltzmann collision operator. The perturbation theory of the system around global Maxwellians recently has been well established in [42]. It should be more interesting to further study the existence and stability of nontrivial large time asymptotic profiles for the system even with slab symmetry in space, particularly understanding the effect of the self-consistent potential on the non-trivial long-term dynamics of the binary system. In the paper, we consider the problem in the setting of rarefaction waves. The analytical tool is based on the macro-micro decomposition introduced in [59] that we can be able to develop into the case for the two-component Boltzmann equations around local bi-Maxwellians. Our focus is to explore how the disparate masses and charges of particles play a role in the analysis of the approach of the complex coupling system time-asymptotically toward a non-constant equilibrium state whose macroscopic quantities satisfy the quasineutral nonisentropic Euler system.
description: 64 pages
Orbital Stability of Multi-Planet Systems: Behavior at High Masses
Creators: name: Morrison, Sarah J.
name: Kratter, Kaitlin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the coming years, high contrast imaging surveys are expected to reveal the characteristics of the population of wide-orbit, massive, exoplanets. To date, a handful of wide planetary mass companions are known, but only one such multi-planet system has been discovered: HR8799. For low mass planetary systems, multi-planet interactions play an important role in setting system architecture. In this paper, we explore the stability of these high mass, multi-planet systems. While empirical relationships exist that predict how system stability scales with planet spacing at low masses, we show that extrapolating to super-Jupiter masses can lead to up to an order of magnitude overestimate of stability for massive, tightly packed systems. We show that at both low and high planet masses, overlapping mean motion resonances trigger chaotic orbital evolution, which leads to system instability. We attribute some of the difference in behavior as a function of mass to the increasing importance of second order resonances at high planet-star mass ratios. We use our tailored high mass planet results to estimate the maximum number of planets that might reside in double component debris disk systems, whose gaps may indicate the presence of massive bodies.
description: Accepted to ApJ
The spectacular evolution of Supernova 1996al over 15 years: a low energy explosion of a stripped massive star in a highly structured environment
Creators: name: Benetti, Stefano
name: Chugai, Nikolai N.
name: Utrobin, Victor P.
name: Cappellaro, Enrico
name: Patat, Ferdinando
name: Pastorello, Andrea
name: Turatto, Massimo
name: Cupani, Guido
name: Neuhauser, Ralph
name: Caldwell, Nelson
name: Pignata, Giuliano
name: Tomasella, Lina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectrophotometry of SN 1996al carried out throughout 15 years is presented. The early photometry suggests that SN 1996al is a Linear type-II supernova, with an absolute peak of Mv ~ -18.2 mag. Early spectra present broad, asymmetric Balmer emissions, with super-imposed narrow lines with P-Cygni profile, and He I features with asymmetric, broad emission components. The analysis of the line profiles shows that the H and He broad components form in the same region of the ejecta. By day +142, the Halpha profile dramatically changes: the narrow P-Cygni profile disappears, and the Halpha is fitted by three emission components, that will be detected over the remaining 15 yrs of the SN monitoring campaign. Instead, the He I emissions become progressively narrower and symmetric. A sudden increase in flux of all He I lines is observed between 300 and 600 days. Models show that the supernova luminosity is sustained by the interaction of low mass (~1.15 Msun) ejecta, expelled in a low kinetic energy (~ 1.6 x 10^50 erg) explosion, with highly asymmetric circumstellar medium. The detection of Halpha emission in pre-explosion archive images suggests that the progenitor was most likely a massive star (~25 Msun ZAMS) that had lost a large fraction of its hydrogen envelope before explosion, and was hence embedded in a H-rich cocoon. The low-mass ejecta and modest kinetic energy of the explosion are explained with massive fallback of material into the compact remnant, a 7-8 Msun black hole.
description: 27 pages, 23 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The discovery and characterisation of binary central stars in planetary nebulae
Creators: name: Jones, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Close binary central stars of planetary nebulae are key in constraining the poorly-understood common-envelope phase of evolution, which in turn is critical in understanding the formation of a wide-range of astrophysical phenomena (including cataclysmic variables, low-mass X-ray binaries and supernovae type Ia). Here, I present the results of our on-going, targeted search for close-binaries in planetary nebulae which has led to the discovery of more than 10 new central binaries in just the last few years (almost the same as the total discovered during the 1980s and 1990s together). This success has been rooted in the targeted selection of objects for study, based on morphological features deemed typical of binarity, as well as novel observing strategies (including the employment of narrow-band filters for photometry to minimise nebular contamination), both of which are discussed. These new discoveries, coupled with the painstaking characterisation of both newly discovered systems and those from the literature, mean that we are now in a position to begin to probe the physics of the common-envelope phase.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, To appear in the proceedings of the 11th Pacific Rim Conference on Stellar Astrophysics
Angular momentum transport efficiency in post-main sequence low-mass stars
Creators: name: Spada, F.
name: Gellert, M.
name: Arlt, R.
name: Deheuvels, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Using asteroseismic techniques, it has recently become possible to probe the internal rotation profile of low-mass (~1.1-1.5 Msun) subgiant and red giant stars. Under the assumption of local angular momentum conservation, the core contraction and envelope expansion occurring at the end of the main sequence would result in a much larger internal differential rotation than observed. This suggests that angular momentum redistribution must be taking place in the interior of these stars. Aims. We investigate the physical nature of the angular momentum redistribution mechanisms operating in stellar interiors by constraining the efficiency of post-main sequence rotational coupling. Methods. We model the rotational evolution of a 1.25 Msun star using the Yale Rotational stellar Evolution Code. Our models take into account the magnetic wind braking occurring at the surface of the star and the angular momentum transport in the interior, with an efficiency dependent on the degree of internal differential rotation. Results. We find that models including a dependence of the angular momentum transport efficiency on the radial rotational shear reproduce very well the observations. The best fit of the data is obtained with an angular momentum transport coefficient scaling with the ratio of the rotation rate of the radiative interior over that of the convective envelope of the star as a power law of exponent ~3. This scaling is consistent with the predictions of recent numerical simulations of the Azimuthal Magneto-Rotational Instability. Conclusions. We show that an angular momentum transport process whose efficiency varies during the stellar evolution through a dependence on the level of internal differential rotation is required to explain the observed post-main sequence rotational evolution of low-mass stars.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures; accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Estimating stellar effective temperatures and detected angular parameters using stochastic particle swarm optimization
Creators: name: Zhang, Chuan-Xin
name: Yuan, Yuan
name: Zhang, Hao-Wei
name: Shuai, Yong
name: Tan, He-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering features of stellar spectral radiation and survey explorers, we established a computational model for stellar effective temperatures, detected angular parameters, and gray rates. Using known stellar flux data in some band, we estimated stellar effective temperatures and detected angular parameters using stochastic particle swarm optimization (SPSO). We first verified the reliability of SPSO, and then determined reasonable parameters that produced highly accurate estimates under certain gray deviation levels. Finally, we calculated 177,860 stellar effective temperatures and detected angular parameters using the Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) catalog data. These derived stellar effective temperatures were accurate when we compared them to known values from literatures. This research made full use of catalog data and presented an original technique for studying stellar characteristics. It proposed a novel method for calculating stellar effective temperatures and detected angular parameters, and provided theoretical and practical data support for finding radiation flow information for any band.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, http://www.acm.org/about/class/1998
Deep Chandra study of the truncated cool core of the Ophiuchus cluster
Creators: name: Werner, N.
name: Zhuravleva, I.
name: Canning, R. E. A.
name: Allen, S. W.
name: King, A. L.
name: Sanders, J. S.
name: Simionescu, A.
name: Taylor, G. B.
name: Morris, R. G.
name: Fabian, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a deep (280 ks) Chandra observation of the Ophiuchus cluster, the second-brightest galaxy cluster in the X-ray sky. The cluster hosts a truncated cool core, with a temperature increasing from kT~1 keV in the core to kT~9 keV at r~30 kpc. Beyond r~30 kpc the intra-cluster medium (ICM) appears remarkably isothermal. The core is dynamically disturbed with multiple sloshing induced cold fronts, with indications for both Rayleigh-Taylor and Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities. The sloshing is the result of the strongly perturbed gravitational potential in the cluster core, with the central brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) being displaced southward from the global center of mass. The residual image reveals a likely subcluster south of the core at the projected distance of r~280 kpc. The cluster also harbors a likely radio phoenix, a source revived by adiabatic compression by gas motions in the ICM. Even though the Ophiuchus cluster is strongly dynamically active, the amplitude of density fluctuations outside of the cooling core is low, indicating velocities smaller than ~100 km/s. The density fluctuations might be damped by thermal conduction in the hot and remarkably isothermal ICM, resulting in our underestimate of gas velocities. We find a surprising, sharp surface brightness discontinuity, that is curved away from the core, at r~120 kpc to the southeast of the cluster center. We conclude that this feature is most likely due to gas dynamics associated with a merger and not a result of an extraordinary active galactic nucleus (AGN) outburst. The cooling core lacks any observable X-ray cavities and the AGN only displays weak, point-like radio emission, lacking lobes or jets, indicating that currently it may be largely dormant. The lack of strong AGN activity may be due to the bulk of the cooling taking place offset from the central supermassive black hole.
description: submitted for publication in MNRAS
Weighted Schatten $p$-Norm Minimization for Image Denoising and Background Subtraction
Creators: name: Xie, Yuan
name: Gu, Shuhang
name: Liu, Yan
name: Zuo, Wangmeng
name: Zhang, Wensheng
name: Zhang, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Low rank matrix approximation (LRMA), which aims to recover the underlying low rank matrix from its degraded observation, has a wide range of applications in computer vision. The latest LRMA methods resort to using the nuclear norm minimization (NNM) as a convex relaxation of the nonconvex rank minimization. However, NNM tends to over-shrink the rank components and treats the different rank components equally, limiting its flexibility in practical applications. We propose a more flexible model, namely the Weighted Schatten $p$-Norm Minimization (WSNM), to generalize the NNM to the Schatten $p$-norm minimization with weights assigned to different singular values. The proposed WSNM not only gives better approximation to the original low-rank assumption, but also considers the importance of different rank components. We analyze the solution of WSNM and prove that, under certain weights permutation, WSNM can be equivalently transformed into independent non-convex $l_p$-norm subproblems, whose global optimum can be efficiently solved by generalized iterated shrinkage algorithm. We apply WSNM to typical low-level vision problems, e.g., image denoising and background subtraction. Extensive experimental results show, both qualitatively and quantitatively, that the proposed WSNM can more effectively remove noise, and model complex and dynamic scenes compared with state-of-the-art methods.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 1 of The mirror like expression of genes involved in the FOXO signaling pathway could be effective in the pathogenesis of human lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) through disruption of the downstream pathways
Creators: name: Yaslianifard, Sahar
name: Movahedi, Monireh
name: Yaslianifard, Somayeh
name: Mozhgani, Sayed‑Hamidreza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
classificationCode: 110309
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 60506
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary 1. The expression levels of ATM (a) and CDKN2D (B) in HAM/TSP and ATLL individuals.
Probing unconventional superconductivity in inversion symmetric doped Weyl semimetal
Creators: name: Kim, Youngseok
name: Park, Moon Jip
name: Gilbert, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unconventional superconductivity has been predicted to arise in the topologically non-trivial Fermi surface of doped inversion symmetric Weyl semimetals (WSM). In particular, Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) and nodal BCS states are theoretically predicted to be possible superconductor pairing states in inversion symmetric doped WSM. In an effort to resolve preferred pairing state, we theoretically study two separate four terminal quantum transport methods that each exhibit a unique electrical signature in the presence of FFLO and nodal BCS states in doped WSMs. We first introduce a Josephson junction that consists of a doped WSM and an s-wave superconductor in which we show that the application of a transverse uniform current in s-wave superconductor effectively cancels the momentum carried by FFLO states in doped WSM. From our numerical analysis, we find a peak in Josephson current amplitude at finite uniform current in s-wave superconductor that serves as an indicator of FFLO states in doped WSMs. Furthermore, we show using a four terminal measurement configuration that the nodal points may be shifted by an application of transverse uniform current in doped WSM. We analyze the topological phase transitions induced by nodal pair annihilation in non-equilibrium by constructing the phase diagram and we find a characteristic decrease in the density of states that serves as a signature of the quantum critical point in the topological phase transition, thereby identifying nodal BCS states in doped WSM.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures (5 pages, 2 figures for supplementary material)
Health needs prompting the search for care by category: adolescents using outpatient services. Ensanut 2018, Mexico
Creators: name: Montañez, Julio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420605
subject: Preventative health care

description: This table presents the health needs prompting adolescents to seek care distributed by category.* Percentages were estimated taking into account the survey design.
Ontogeny of teaching behaviour in early childhood: What type of information do young children transmit to others?
Creators: name: Karadag Akkaya, Didar
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2024

description: Children effectively acquire knowledge from others and transmit the
 knowledge

 that they possess to others around them. Even though children’s abilities
 as active learners have been investigated vastly, research on children’s
 role as active transmitters of information remained scarce. This thesis
 explored the role of children, especially in the first two years of life,
 as active transmitters of

 information. The first chapter reviewed the literature on the development
 of

 teaching behaviour and factors influencing children's information
 transmission,

 focusing on the types of information young children choose to transmit.
 The second chapter investigated if toddlers preferred to transmit
 generalisable information. The findings of this study showed that a
 preference for transmitting generalisable information was not yet observed
 in toddlers. The third chapter examined how the method of learning about
 novel objects affected 2-year-olds' and 5-year-olds'
 transmission of information to a naïve learner. Results showed toddlers
 preferentially transmitted information they were taught, unlike
 5-year-olds. The fourth chapter analysed home videos of infants aged 13 to
 23 months to document natural information-transmission behaviours,
 revealing an increase in such activities from 13 months. The final chapter
 discussed the main findings from the studies reported here and evaluated
 how these findings fit with our current understanding. Combined, these
 findings provided useful insights on the role of information
 generalisability, learning context and early communicative interactions on
 the development of information transmission in early childhood. Overall,
 this thesis aimed to contribute to the conceptualisation of teaching as an
 information transmission mechanism embedded in social interactions.
A theoretical investigation on the transport properties of armchair biphenylene nanoribbons
Creators: name: Ge, Hongyu
name: Wang, Guo
name: Liao, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Armchair biphenylene nanoribbons are investigated by using density functional theory. The nanoribbon that contains one biphenylene subunit in a unit cell is a semiconductor with a direct band gap larger than 1 eV, while that containing four biphenylene subunits is a metal. The semiconducting nanoribbon has high electron mobility of 57174 cm2V-1s-1, superior to armchair graphene nanoribbons. Negative differential resistance behavior is observed in two electronic devices composed of the semiconducting and metallic nanoribbons. The on/off ratios are in the order of 10^3. All these indicate that armchair biphenylene nanoribbons are potential candidates for ultra-small logic devices.
A prevalence of dynamo-generated magnetic fields in the cores of intermediate-mass stars
Creators: name: Stello, D.
name: Cantiello, M.
name: Fuller, J.
name: Huber, D.
name: Garcia, R. A.
name: Bedding, T. R.
name: Bildsten, L.
name: Aguirre, V. Silva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic fields play a role in almost all stages of stellar evolution. Most low-mass stars, including the Sun, show surface fields that are generated by dynamo processes in their convective envelopes. Intermediate-mass stars do not have deep convective envelopes, although 10% exhibit strong surface fields that are presumed to be residuals from the stellar formation process. These stars do have convective cores that might produce internal magnetic fields, and these might even survive into later stages of stellar evolution, but information has been limited by our inability to measure the fields below the stellar surface. Here we use asteroseismology to study the occurrence of strong magnetic fields in the cores of low- and intermediate-mass stars. We have measured the strength of dipolar oscillation modes, which can be suppressed by a strong magnetic field in the core, in over 3600 red giant stars observed by Kepler. About 20% of our sample show mode suppression but this fraction is a strong function of mass. Strong core fields only occur in red giants above 1.1 solar masses (1.1Msun), and the occurrence rate is at least 60% for intermediate-mass stars (1.6--2.0Msun), indicating that powerful dynamos were very common in the convective cores of these stars.
description: Published in Nature on January 4, 2016, available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature16171 . This is the authors' version of the manuscript. 4 pages, 4 figures. Submitted Authorea version of the paper is available at https://www.authorea.com/37186
Influence of the water content in protoplanetary discs on planet migration and formation
Creators: name: Bitsch, Bertram
name: Johansen, Anders
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temperature and density profiles of protoplanetary discs depend crucially on the mass fraction of micrometre-sized dust grains and on their chemical composition. A larger abundance of micrometre-sized grains leads to an overall heating of the disc, so that the water ice line moves further away from the star. An increase in the water fraction inside the disc, maintaining a fixed dust abundance, increases the temperature in the icy regions of the disc and lowers the temperature in the inner regions. Discs with a larger silicate fraction have the opposite effect. Here we explore the consequence of the dust composition and abundance for the formation and migration of planets. We find that discs with low water content can only sustain outwards migration for planets up to 4 Earth masses, while outwards migration in discs with a larger water content persists up to 8 Earth masses in the late stages of the disc evolution. Icy planetary cores that do not reach run-away gas accretion can thus migrate to orbits close to the host star if the water abundance is low. Our results imply that hot and warm super-Earths found in exoplanet surveys could have formed beyond the ice line and thus contain a significant fraction in water. These water-rich super-Earths should orbit primarily around stars with a low oxygen abundance, where a low oxygen abundance is caused by either a low water-to-silicate ratio or by overall low metallicity.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, accepted by A&A
Evolution of Binary Stars in Multiple-Population Globular Clusters - II. Compact Binaries
Creators: name: Hong, Jongsuk
name: Vesperini, Enrico
name: Sollima, Antonio
name: McMillan, Stephen L. W.
name: D'Antona, Franca
name: D'Ercole, Annibale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a survey of N-body simulations aimed at exploring the evolution of compact binaries in multiple-population globular clusters.We show that as a consequence of the initial differences in the structural properties of the first-generation (FG) and the second-generation (SG) populations and the effects of dynamical processes on binary stars, the SG binary fraction decreases more rapidly than that of the FG population. The difference between the FG and SG binary fraction is qualitatively similar to but quantitatively smaller than that found for wider binaries in our previous investigations.The evolution of the radial variation of the binary fraction is driven by the interplay between binary segregation, ionization and ejection. Ionization and ejection counteract in part the effects of mass segregation but for compact binaries the effects of segregation dominate and the inner binary fraction increases during the cluster evolution. We explore the variation of the difference between the FG and the SG binary fraction with the distance from the cluster centre and its dependence on the binary binding energy and cluster structural parameters. The difference between the binary fraction in the FG and the SG populations found in our simulations is consistent with the results of observational studies finding a smaller binary fraction in the SG population.
description: 9 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Effect of SW defect on structural and transport properties of silicene nanoribbons
Creators: name: Zha, Dace
name: Chen, Changpeng
name: Wang, Manman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using density functional theory and non-equilibrium Greens function technique, we performed theoretical investigations on the structural and transport properties of zigzag silicene nanoribbons with Stone-Wales defect. The calculated formation energy is significantly lower than that of graphene and silicene, which implies the high stability of such defect in SiNRs. Negative differential resistance can be observed within certain bias voltage range in both perfect and SW defected SiNRs. In order to elucidate the mechanism the NDR behavior,the transmission spectra and molecular projected self-consistent Hamiltonian states are discussed in details.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures,1 table
Additional file 2 of All professions can benefit — a mixed-methods study on simulation-based teamwork training for operating room teams
Creators: name: Escher, Cecilia
name: Rystedt, Hans
name: Creutzfeldt, Johan
name: Meurling, Lisbet
name: Hedman, Leif
name: Felländer-Tsai, Li
name: Kjellin, Ann
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Scenario 1: Wrong patient ID and hypotension during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Scenario 2: Pneumothorax during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Messung und Bewertung der Schadstoffemissionen von Holzfeuerungen in Innenräumen
Creators: name: Schürmann, Stefan
name: Straub, Dieter
name: Vogt, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Holzfeuerungen, Belastung durch Abgase im Innenraum, partikelförmige Emissionen und Immissionen, gasförmige Emissionen und Immissionen

description: Fragestellung: Kommt es zu signifikanten Konzentrationen beim Betrieb von Einzelraumfeuerungsanlagen aus Öfen in Innenräumen? Gemessene Parameter:
 Feinstaub (PM10,PM2,5,PM1)
 Ultrafeinstaub (UFP)
 Ruß als Black Carbon (BC)
 Stickstoffoxide (NO2,NOx)
 Kohlenstoffmonoxid (CO) Definierte Bedingungen im Modellraum:
 Kaminofen mit Verbrennungsluftansaugung von außen
 Kaminofenbetrieb und Nachlegeprozess gemäß Bedienungsanleitung
 Buchenholzscheitemit12%Restfeuchte
 Messung in der Aufenthaltszone
 (EntfernungzumOfen:1-2m;Höhe:1-1,5m)
 Ein Messpunkt -> vollständige Durchmischung der Raumluft nach kurzer Zeit
 Zeitgleiche Innen- und Außenluftmessungen
 Messung mit und ohne Kaminofenbetrieb
 Bestimmung der Luftwechselrate
Auf der Suche nach einer Methode, um Wirtschaftsprobleme als ethische Probleme zu behandeln
Creators: name: Wogaman, J. Philip
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 16 Nr. 12 (1980): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 16, Heft 12
Thermodynamic conditions during growth determine the magnetic anisotropy in epitaxial thin-films of La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_{3}$
Creators: name: Vila-Fungueiriño, J. M.
name: Bu, Cong Tinh
name: Rivas-Murias, B.
name: winkler, E.
name: Milano, J.
name: Santiso, J.
name: Rivadulla, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The suitability of a particular material for use in magnetic devices is determined by the process of magnetization reversal/relaxation, which in turn depends on the magnetic anisotropy. Therefore, designing new ways to control magnetic anisotropy in technologically important materials is highly desirable. Here we show that magnetic anisotropy of epitaxial thin-films of half-metallic ferromagnet La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_{3}$ (LSMO) is determined by the proximity to thermodynamic equilibrium conditions during growth. We performed a series of X-ray diffraction and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) experiments in two different sets of samples: the first corresponds to LSMO thin-films deposited under tensile strain on (001) SrTiO$_{3}$ by Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD; far from thermodynamic equilibrium); the second were deposited by a slow Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) method, under quasi-equilibrium conditions. Thin films prepared by PLD show a in-plane cubic anisotropy with an overimposed uniaxial term. A large anisotropy constant perpendicular to the film plane was also observed in these films. However, the uniaxial anisotropy is completely suppressed in the CSD films. The out of plane anisotropy is also reduced, resulting in a much stronger in plane cubic anisotropy in the chemically synthesized films. This change is due to a different rotation pattern of MnO$_{6}$ octahedra to accomodate epitaxial strain, which depends not only on the amount of tensile stress imposed by the STO substrate, but also on the growth conditions. Our results demonstrate that the nature and magnitude of the magnetic anisotropy in LSMO can be tuned by the thermodynamic parameters during thin-film deposition.
description: 6 pages, 8 Figures
A Visual Exploration of a Logo and Visual Identity System for William Hawrelak Park
Creators: Elio Baradarijomehri
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

This research project is concerned with enhancing identity and visibility

for William Hawrelak Park, recognizing its pivotal role in connecting people,

especially students, with the natural environment. As urban areas expand,

people’s interaction with nature dwindles, affecting their well-being.

University students, constitute a vital demographic that stands to benefit

from nature’s positive impact on mental and physical health.

The project originated from the researcher’s personal journey as a

newcomer to Canada, seeking solace in nature. William Hawrelak Park

emerged as a sanctuary, nurturing connections and inspiring an interest

in park identity. Presently, the park lacks an identity that encapsulates

its essence. This exploratory research aims to rectify this by crafting

a distinctive visual identity for the park, targeting students, especially

international students, to foster a sense of connection, belonging, and

well-being.

To achieve these objectives, qualitative research methods were used.

Interviews with students elucidate their perceptions and expectations

regarding the park’s visual identity, helping design an engaging visual

brand. Observational research documents unique park elements,

enriching the design process. A follow-up interview gauges the impact of

the new design. Thematic analysis and mind mapping guide data synthesis

and the design process.

By establishing a robust visual identity, this research project strives

to attract students to William Hawrelak Park, thereby enhancing their

interaction with nature and improving their overall health and well-being.
Topological Structure of the Vacuum, Cosmological Constant and Dark Energy
Creators: name: Sidharth, B. G.
name: Das, A.
name: Das, C. R.
name: Laperashvili, L. V.
name: Nielsen, H. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review we present a theory of cosmological constant and Dark Energy (DE), based on the topological structure of the vacuum. The Multiple Point Principle (MPP) is reviewed. It demonstrates the existence of the two vacua into the SM. The Froggatt-Nielsen's prediction of the top-quark and Higgs masses is given in the assumption that there exist two degenerate vacua in the SM. This prediction was improved by the next order calculations. We also considered B.G. Sidharth's theory of cosmological constant based on the non-commutative geometry of the Planck scale space-time, what gives an extremely small DE density providing the accelerating expansion of the Universe. Theory of two degenerate vacua - the Planck scale phase and Electroweak (EW) phase - also is reviewed, topological defects in these vacua are investigated, also the Compton wavelength phase suggested by B.G. Sidharth was discussed. A general theory of the phase transition and the problem of the vacuum stability in the SM is reviewed. Assuming that the recently discovered at the LHC new resonance with mass $m_S \simeq 750$ GeV is a new scalar $S$ bound state $6t + 6\bar t$, earlier predicted by C.D. Froggatt, H.B. Nielsen and L.V. Laperashvili, we try to provide the vacuum stability in the SM and exact accuracy of the MPP.
description: 37 pages and 7 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1601.03231; text overlap with arXiv:1302.2716 by other authors
A Young Cluster With an Extended Main Sequence Turnoff: Confirmation of a Prediction of the Stellar Rotation Scenario
Creators: name: Bastian, N.
name: Niederhofer, F.
name: Kozhurina-Platais, V.
name: Salaris, M.
name: Larsen, S.
name: Cabrera-Ziri, I.
name: Cordero, M.
name: Ekstrom, S.
name: Geisler, D.
name: Georgy, C.
name: Hilker, M.
name: Kacharov, N.
name: Li, C.
name: Mackey, D.
name: Mucciarelli, A.
name: Platais, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Hubble Space Telescope photometry of NGC1850, a ~100 Myr, ~10^5 Msun cluster in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The colour magnitude diagram clearly shows the presence of an extended main sequence turnoff (eMSTO). The use of non-rotating stellar isochrones leads to an age spread of ~40 Myr. This is in good agreement with the age range expected when the effects of rotation in MSTO stars are wrongly interpreted in terms of age spread. We also do not find evidence for multiple, isolated episodes of star-formation bursts within the cluster, in contradiction to scenarios that invoke actual age spreads to explain the eMSTO phenomenon. NGC 1850 therefore continues the trend of eMSTO clusters where the inferred age spread is proportional to the age of the cluster. While our results confirm a key prediction of the scenario where stellar rotation causes the eMSTO feature, direct measurements of the rotational rate of MSTO stars is required to definitively confirm or refute whether stellar rotation is the origin of the eMSTO phenomenon or if it is due to an as yet undiscovered effect.
description: MNRAS letters, in press
Neutrino-Deuteron Reactions in the $Δ$(1232) Region
Creators: name: Lee, T. -S. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results from an investigation of the incoherent single pion electroweak production on the deuteron in the $Δ$(1232) region are reported. The importance of including the nucleon-nucleon final state interactions in extracting the neutrino-nucleon cross sections from the data obtained from the experiments on the deuteron target is demonstrated.
description: conference proceeding
Spin textures on general surfaces of the correlated topological insulator SmB6
Creators: name: Baruselli, Pier Paolo
name: Vojta, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing the $\mathbf{k}\cdot\mathbf{p}$ expansion for a family of tight-binding models for SmB$_6$, we analytically compute topological surface states on a generic $(lmn)$ surface. We show how the Dirac-cone spin structure depends on model ingredients and on the angle $θ$ between the surface normal and the main crystal axes. We apply the general theory to $(001)$, $(110)$, $(111)$, and $(210)$ surfaces, for which we provide concrete predictions for the spin pattern of surface states which we also compare with tight-binding results. As shown in previous work, the spin pattern on a $(001)$ surface can be related to the value of mirror Chern numbers, and we explore the possibility of topological phase transitions between states with different mirror Chern numbers and the associated change of the spin structure of surface states. Such transitions may be accessed by varying either the hybridization term in the Hamiltonian or the crystal-field splitting of the low-energy $f$ multiplets, and we compute corresponding phase diagrams.
The limitations of discrete-time approaches to continuous-time contagion dynamics
Creators: name: Fennell, Peter G.
name: Melnik, Sergey
name: Gleeson, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Continuous-time Markov process models of contagions are widely studied, not least because of their utility in predicting the evolution of real-world contagions and in formulating control measures. It is often the case, however, that discrete-time approaches are employed to analyze such models or to simulate them numerically. In such cases, time is discretized into uniform steps and transition rates between states are replaced by transition probabilities. In this paper, we illustrate potential limitations to this approach. We show how discretizing time leads to a restriction on the values of the model parameters that can accurately be studied. We examine numerical simulation schemes employed in the literature, showing how synchronous-type updating schemes can bias discrete-time formalisms when compared against continuous-time formalisms. Event-based simulations, such as the Gillespie algorithm, are proposed as optimal simulation schemes both in terms of replicating the continuous-time process and computational speed. Finally, we show how discretizing time can affect the value of the epidemic threshold for large values of the infection rate and the recovery rate, even if the ratio between the former and the latter is small.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Elevated FAM134B expression induces radiation-sensitive in hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Xie, Binhui
name: Xie, Yuankang
name: Fang, Cuifu
name: Zhong, Baiyin
name: Ye, Rong
name: Zhang, Jianhong
name: Liu, Qingquan
name: Li, Heping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
classificationCode: 60506
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 1
A tabulation of the bound-state energies of atomic hydrogen
Creators: name: Horbatsch, M.
name: Hessels, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present tables for the bound-state energies for atomic hydrogen. The tabulated energies include the hyperfine structure, and thus this work extends the work of Rev. Mod. Phys. {\bf 84}, 1527 (2012), which excludes hyperfine structure. The tabulation includes corrections of the hyperfine structure due to the anomalous moment of the electron, due to the finite mass of the proton, and due to off-diagonal matrix elements of the hyperfine Hamiltonian. These corrections are treated incorrectly in most other works. Simple formulas valid for all quantum numbers are presented for the hyperfine corrections. The tabulated energies have uncertainties of less than 1 kHz for all states. This accuracy is possible because of the recent precision measurement [Nature, {\bf 466}, 213 (2010); Science, {\bf 339}, 417] of the proton radius. The effect of this new radius on the energy levels is also tabulated, and the energies are compared to precision measurements of atomic hydrogen energy intervals.
A Bollobás-type theorem for affine subspaces
Creators: name: Hegedüs, Gábor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $W$ denote the $n$-dimensional affine space over the finite field $\mathbb F_q$. We prove here a Bollobás-type upper bound in the case of the set of affine subspaces. We give a construction of a pair of families of affine subspaces, which shows that our result is almost sharp.
description: 7 pages
Epidemics in networks: A master equation approach
Creators: name: Cotacallapa, M
name: Hase, M O
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A problem closely related to epidemiology, where a subgraph of 'infected' links is defined inside a larger network, is investigated. This subgraph is generated from the underlying network by a random variable, which decides whether a link is able to propagate a disease/information. The relaxation timescale of this random variable is examined in both annealed and quenched limits, and the effectiveness of propagation of disease/information is analyzed. The dynamics of the model is governed by a master equation and two types of underlying network are considered: one is scale-free and the other has exponential degree distribution. We have shown that the relaxation timescale of the contagion variable has a major influence on the topology of the subgraph of infected links, which determines the efficiency of spreading of disease/information over the network.