cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Multispecies Exclusion Model Inspired By Transcriptional Interference
Creators: name: Ghosh, Soumendu
name: Bameta, Tripti
name: Ghanti, Dipanwita
name: Chowdhury, Debashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We introduce exclusion models of two distinguishable species of hard rods with their distinct sites of entry and exit under open boundary conditions. In the first model both species of rods move in the same direction whereas in the other two models they move in the opposite direction. These models are motivated by the biological phenomenon known as Transcriptional Interference. Therefore, the rules for the kinetics of the models, particularly the rules for the outcome of the encounter of the rods, are also formulated to mimic those observed in Transcriptional Interference. By a combination of mean-field theory and computer simulation of these models we demonstrate how the flux of one species of rods is completely switched off by the other. Exploring the parameter space of the model we also establish the conditions under which switch-like regulation of two fluxes is possible; from the extensive analysis we discover more than one possible mechanism of this phenomenon.
description: This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article published in the Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it
Ipomoea megalantha J. R. I. Wood & Scotland 2017
Creators: name: Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña
name: Egea, Juana De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Convolvulaceae
Ipomoea
Ipomoea megalantha

description: Ipomoea megalantha J.R.I.Wood & Scotland, Kew Bull. 72(1)-9: 18. 2017.
Subshrub.
 Vouchers: Caaguazú: Balansa 1174 (P); Hassler 9114, type (BM, K, MO, NY, S, SI, US); Jörgensen 4859 (A, F, S); Krapovickas et al. 45769 (CTES, K).
description: Published as part of Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña & Egea, Juana De, 2018, Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 384 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.384.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13725946
Constraints on the Combined Models with $R^{2-q}$ Inflation and Viable $f(R)$ Dark Energy
Creators: name: Geng, Chao-Qiang
name: Lee, Chung-Chi
name: Lin, Shan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the observational constraints on the modified gravity, which combines the $R^{2-q}$ inflation with the power-law (exponential) type of the viable $f(R)$ dark energy models. We discuss the difference between the combined model and $R^{2-q}$ gravity in the inflationary epoch and obtain the constraints on the deviation power $q$ as well as the parameters in $f(R)$ by using the CosmoMC package. The allowed ranges of the spectral index and tensor-to-scalar ratio from the Planck data are highly restricted, resulting in $q < 2.66 \times 10^{-2}$ and $2.17 \times 10^{-2}$ for the power-law and exponential types of $f(R)$ gravity, respectively.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, revised version accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science
3D climate modeling of Earth-like extrasolar planets orbiting different types of host stars
Creators: name: Godolt, M.
name: Grenfell, J. L.
name: Hamann-Reinus, A.
name: Kitzmann, D.
name: Kunze, M.
name: Langematz, U.
name: von Paris, P.
name: Patzer, A. B. C.
name: Rauer, H.
name: Stracke, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The potential habitability of a terrestrial planet is usually defined by the possible existence of liquid water on its surface. The potential presence of liquid water depends on many factors such as, most importantly, surface temperatures. The properties of the planetary atmosphere and its interaction with the radiative energy provided by the planet's host star are thereby of decisive importance. In this study we investigate the influence of different main-sequence stars upon the climate of Earth-like extrasolar planets and their potential habitability by applying a 3D Earth climate model accounting for local and dynamical processes. The calculations have been performed for planets with Earth-like atmospheres at orbital distances where the total amount of energy received from the various host stars equals the solar constant. In contrast to previous 3D modeling studies, we include the effect of ozone radiative heating upon the vertical temperature structure of the atmospheres. The global orbital mean results obtained have been compared to those of a 1D radiative convective climate model. The different stellar spectral energy distributions lead to different surface temperatures and due to ozone heating to very different vertical temperature structures. As previous 1D studies we find higher surface temperatures for the Earth-like planet around the K-type star, and lower temperatures for the planet around the F-type star compared to an Earth-like planet around the Sun. However, this effect is more pronounced in the 3D model results than in the 1D model because the 3D model accounts for feedback processes such as the ice-albedo and the water vapor feedback. Whether the 1D model may approximate the global mean of the 3D model results strongly depends on the choice of the relative humidity profile in the 1D model, which is used to determine the water vapor profile.
description: in press in Planetary and Space Science
Summation of p-Adic Functional Series in Integer Points
Creators: name: Dragovich, Branko
name: Khrennikov, Andrei Yu.
name: Misic, Natasa Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Summation of a large class of the functional series, which terms contain factorials, is considered. We first investigated finite partial sums for integer arguments. These sums have the same values in real and all p-adic cases. The corresponding infinite functional series are divergent in the real case, but they are convergent and have p-adic invariant sums in p-adic cases. We found polynomials which generate all significant ingredients of these series and make connection between their real and p-adic properties. In particular, we found connection of one of our integer sequences with the Bell numbers.
description: 9 pages, accepted for publication in Filomat. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1411.4195
Symmetry energy at subsaturation densities and the neutron skin thickness of 208Pb
Creators: name: Fan, Xiaohua
name: Dong, Jianmin
name: Zuo, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass-dependent symmetry energy coefficients $a_{sym}(A)$ has been extracted by analysing the heavy nuclear mass differences reducing the uncertainties as far as possible in our previous work. Taking advantage of the obtained symmetry energy coefficient $a_{sym}(A)$ and the density profiles obtained by switching off the Coulomb interaction in $^{208}\text{Pb}$, we calculated the slope parameter $L_{0.11}$ of the symmetry energy at the density of $0.11\text{fm}^{-3}$. The calculated $L_{0.11}$ ranges from 40.5 MeV to 60.3 MeV. The slope parameter $L_{0.11}$ of the symmetry energy at the density of $0.11\text{fm}^{-3}$ is also calculated directly with Skyrme interactions for nuclear matter and is found to have a fine linear relation with the neutron skin thickness of $^{208}\text{Pb}$, which is the difference of the neutron and proton rms radii of the nucleus. With the linear relation the neutron skin thickness $ ΔR_{np} $ of $^{208}\text{Pb}$ is predicted to be 0.15 - 0.21 fm.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
On a viable first order formulation of relativistic viscous fluids and its applications to cosmology
Creators: name: Disconzi, Marcelo M.
name: Kephart, Thomas W.
name: Scherrer, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a first order formulation of relativistic fluids with bulk viscosity based on a stress-energy tensor introduced by Lichnerowicz. Choosing a barotropic equation of state, we show that this theory satisfies basic physical requirements and, under the further assumption of vanishing vorticity, that the equations of motion are causal, both in the case of a fixed background and when the equations are coupled to Einstein's equations. Furthermore, Lichnerowicz's proposal does not fit into the general framework of first order theories studied by Hiscock and Lindblom, and hence their instability results do not apply. These conclusions apply to the full-fledged non-linear theory, without any equilibrium or near equilibrium assumptions. Similarities and differences between the approach here explored and other theories of relativistic viscosity, including the Mueller-Israel-Stewart formulation, are addressed. Cosmological models based on the Lichnerowicz stress-energy tensor are studied. Finally, it is also shown how the present model can be generalized to a second order formulation.
description: 43 pages, 1 figure, discussion added, references updated, to appear in IJMPD
Packing convex bodies by cylinders
Creators: name: Bezdek, Karoly
name: Litvak, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52A40, 46B07, 46B20, 52C17

description: In [BL] in relation to the unsolved Bang's plank problem (1951) we obtained a lower bound for the sum of relevant measures of cylinders covering a given d-dimensional convex body. In this paper we provide the packing counterpart of these estimates. We also extend bounds to the case of r-fold covering and packing and show a packing analog of Falconer's results ([Fa]).
description: 14 pages
Mesoscopic correlations in Tb2Ti2O7 spin liquid
Creators: name: Guitteny, S.
name: Mirebeau, I.
name: de Réotier, P. Dalmas
name: Colin, C.
name: Bonville, P.
name: Porcher, F.
name: Grenier, B.
name: Decorse, C.
name: Petit, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the spin correlations with $\bf{k}$= ($\frac12$, $\frac12$, $\frac12$) propagation vector which appear below 0.4\, K in \tbti\ spin liquid by combining powder neutron diffraction and specific heat on Tb$_{2+x}$Ti$_{2-x}$O$_{7+y}$ samples with $x$=0, 0.01, -0.01. The $\bf{k}$= ($\frac12$, $\frac12$, $\frac12$) order clearly appears on all neutron patterns by subtracting a pattern at 1.2(1)\,K. Refining the subtracted patterns at 0.07\,K yields two possible spin structures, with spin-ice-like and monopole-like correlations respectively. Mesoscopic correlations involve Tb moments of 1 to 2 \mub\ ordered on a length scale of about 20 Å. In addition, long range order involving a small spin component of 0.1 to 0.2 \mub\ is detected for the $x$= 0 and 0.01 samples showing a peak in the specific heat. Comparison with previous single crystals data suggests that the ($\frac12$, $\frac12$, $\frac12$) order settles in through nanometric spin textures with dominant spin ice character and correlated orientations, analogous to nanomagnetic twins.
Ipomoea morongii Britton, Ann.
Creators: name: Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña
name: Egea, Juana De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Convolvulaceae
Ipomoea
Ipomoea morongii

description: Ipomoea morongii Britton, Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 7: 171. 1893.
Subshrub.
 Vouchers: Central: Morong 303, type (BM, GH, MO, NY, PH, US, WIS). Cordillera: Basualdo 1021 (FCQ); Mereles 1136 (FCQ); Ortiz 690 (FCQ); Rojas 11473 (BAF); Rojas 1694 (BAF, LIL, MONT, NY, SI); Soria 3456 (FCQ); Wood et al. 28145 (FCQ); Wood et al. 28146 (FCQ).
description: Published as part of Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña & Egea, Juana De, 2018, Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 384 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.384.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13725946
Deficiency, commensurators and 4-dimensional infrasolvmanifolds
Creators: name: Hillman, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F99

description: We show that if $π$ is the fundamental group of a 4-dimensional infrasolvmanifold then $-2\leq{def(π)}\leq0$, and give examples realizing each of these values. We also determine the abstract commensurators of such groups. Finally we show that if $G$ is a finitely generated group the kernel of the natural homomorphism from $G$ to its abstract commensurator $Comm(G)$ is locally nilpotent by locally finite, and is finite if $\mathrm{def}(G)>1$.
description: Introduction and \S3.6 expanded; minor corrections. Estimates for torsion-free nilpotent groups (\S3.6) added in v3, and improved in v4
title: Towards understanding the dissolution mechanism of clay minerals – An ab initio simulations study
Creators: name: Schliemann, René Jens
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 550 Earth sciences & geology

description: Clay minerals can be abundantly found in sediments, soils and argillaceous rock formations. Together with their sorption capability, pH-buffering effects and other properties they dominate the geochemistry of aforementioned soils and subsurface formations. Many applications of clay minerals rely on their specific reactivity or ability to retain transition and heavy metals through sorption, surface complexation or even incorporation. The dissolution of such structures would lead to the release of potentially hazardous elements back into the environment, which is why the knowledge of the dissolution mechanism is of utter importance to make predictions of the retention time of detained elements.
Batch experiments to determine dissolution rates in different temperature and pH conditions revealed an initial incongruent dissolution while long term observations show stoichiometric dissolution for different types of clay minerals. Quantum mechanical simulations offer the possibility to investigate phenomena at the atomic scale to gain deeper insight into the reaction mechanism.
This study utilizes ab initio simulations to investigate the atomistic scale dissolution mechanism of pyrophyllite in pure water at neutral pH, where the pyrophyllite is considered as a proxy for 2:1 clay minerals. The dissolution has been studied starting from the two most stable edge faces (110) and (010) with different water pressure configurations. The Metadynamics approach was used to sample the free energy surface of the system with three different coordination numbers of the detaching species as collective variables that span the reaction space.
The results show a clear preference for octahedral Al over tetrahedral Si detachment in either configuration. The dissolution reaction itself is a multistep process with several reaction intermediates in which the connectivity of the detaching complex to the edge surface changes step-by-step. The overall mechanism in all setups can be considered as a sequence of concurrent, reversible elementary reactions:
1) H2O molecules or OH groups perform a nucleophilic attack on the dissolving surface site.
2) One or more ligand exchange reactions in the first coordination shell of the reacting sites lead to changes of its conformation and denticity at the mineral edge surface.
3) Collective proton transfer reactions between acidic and basic oxygen sites mediated via a chain of the hydrogen bonded molecules in the first and second coordination shell of the reacting site binds otherwise dangling bonds of the exchanged ligand.
Some specific phenomena connected to the pressure settings of the bulk water molecules are otherwise rarely observed octahedral coordinated Si and tetrahedral coordinated Al sites as intermediate complexes during the respective detachment reaction.
Ipomoea rojasii Hassl., Feddes Repert. 2018, Spec. Nov.
Creators: name: Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña
name: Egea, Juana De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Convolvulaceae
Ipomoea
Ipomoea rojasii

description: Ipomoea rojasii Hassl., Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 152. 1911.
Vine.
 Vouchers: Amambay: Brunner 1416 (MO, PY); Hassler & Rojas 10752, type (BM, G); Hassler & Rojas 10891 (BM, G, K); Schinini & Dematteis 33798 (CTES, FCQ, G); Soria 6377 (FCQ, MO); Soria 6400 (FCQ); Soria 7667 (FCQ). Caazapá: Ortiz 852 (MO). Cordillera: Degen 1385 (FCQ).
description: Published as part of Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña & Egea, Juana De, 2018, Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 384 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.384.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13725946
Probing vortex Majorana fermions and topology in semiconductor-superconductor heterostructures
Creators: name: Björnson, Kristofer
name: Black-Schaffer, Annica M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the local density of states, spectral function, and superconducting pair amplitudes for signatures of Majorana fermions in vortex cores in ferromagnetic and spin-orbit coupled semiconductor-superconductor heterostructures. We show that the Majorana fermion quasiparticle momentum distribution is always symmetrically distributed at a finite radius around a high symmetry point, thereby providing a necessary condition for a low-energy state to be a Majorana fermion. In real space profiles of the local density of states through the vortex core the Majorana fermion, together with other finite-energy vortex states, form a characteristic x-shape structure only present at non-trivial topology. Moreover, we find that the Mexican hat band structure property of the topologically non-trivial phase translates into multiple high-intensity band edges and also vortex core states located above the superconducting gap in the local density of states. Finally, we find no strong correlation between odd-frequency pairing and the appearance of Majorana fermions, but odd-frequency pairing exists as soon as ferromagnetism is present. In fact, we find that the only vortex superconducting pair amplitude directly related to any phase transition, is the appearance of certain spin-triplet $p$-wave pairing components in the vortex core at a pre-topological vortex core widening transition.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Emergent Kondo scaling in iron-based superconductors AFe2As2 (A = K, Rb, Cs)
Creators: name: Wu, Y. P.
name: Zhao, D.
name: Wang, A. F.
name: Wang, N. Z.
name: Xiang, Z. J.
name: Luo, X. G.
name: Wu, T.
name: Chen, X. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unconventional superconductivity from heavy fermion (HF) is always observed in f-electron systems, in which Kondo physics between localized f-electrons and itinerant electrons plays an essential role. Whether HF superconductivity could be achieved in other systems without f electrons, especially for d-electron systems, is still elusive. Here, we experimentally study the origin of d-electron HF behavior in iron-based superconductors (FeSCs) AFe2As2 (A = K, Rb, Cs). Nuclear magnetic resonance on 75As reveals a universal coherent-incoherent crossover with a characteristic temperature T*. Below T*, a so-called 'Knight shift anomaly' is first observed in FeSCs, which exhibits a scaling behavior similar to f-electron HF materials. Furthermore, the scaling rule also regulates the manifestation of magnetic fluctuation. These results undoubtedly support an emergent Kondo scenario for the d-electron HF behavior, which suggests the AFe2As2 (A = K, Rb, Cs) as the first material realization of d-electron HF superconductors.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, including supplementary information with 9 figures
Ipomoea theodori O'Donell, Lilloa
Creators: name: Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña
name: Egea, Juana De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Convolvulaceae
Ipomoea
Ipomoea theodori

description: Ipomoea theodori O’Donell, Lilloa 14: 191, t. 12. 1948.
Herb.
 Vouchers: Caaguazú: Rojas 5036, type (LIL); Schinini & Caballero Marmori 30164 (CTES, G).
description: Published as part of Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña & Egea, Juana De, 2018, Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 384 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.384.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13725946
Identification of Chlamydia trachomatis Antigens Recognized by T Cells From Highly Exposed Women Who Limit or Resist Genital Tract Infection
Creators: name: Taylor, Brandie D.
name: O'Connell, Catherine M.
name: Wiesenfeld, Harold C.
name: Russell, Ali N.
name: Flechtner, Jessica B.
name: Zheng, Xiaojing
name: Darville, Toni
name: Picard, Michelle D.
name: Hillier, Sharon L.
name: Zhong, Wujuan
name: Frazer, Lauren C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Background. Natural infection induces partial immunity to Chlamydia trachomatis. Identification of chlamydial antigens that induce interferon γ (IFN-) secretion by T cells from immune women could advance vaccine development.
Incidence of AIDS-Defining Opportunistic Infections in a Multicohort Analysis of HIV-infected Persons in the United States and Canada, 2000–2010
Creators: name: Gandhi, Neel
name: Cescon, Angela
name: Saag, Michael S.
name: Harrigan, P. Richard
name: Boswell, Stephen
name: Haas, David
name: Gebo, Kelly A.
name: Crane, Heidi M.
name: Anastos, Kathryn
name: Rodriguez, Benigno
name: Montaner, Julio S.G.
name: Fiellin, David
name: Drozd, Daniel R.
name: Lau, Bryan
name: Kirk, Gregory D.
name: Brooks, John T.
name: Klein, Marina B.
name: Horberg, Michael A.
name: Sterling, Timothy R.
name: Gange, Stephen J.
name: D'Souza, Gypsyamber
name: Goedert, James J.
name: Rachlis, Anita
name: Benson, Constance A.
name: Grasso, Chris
name: Willig, James
name: Bebawy, Sally
name: Jacobson, Lisa P.
name: Kitahata, Mari M.
name: Moore, Richard D.
name: Bosch, Ronald J.
name: Thorne, Jennifer E.
name: Mugavero, Michael J.
name: Burchell, Ann N.
name: Silverberg, Michael J.
name: Napravnik, Sonia
name: Eron, Joseph J.
name: Jing, Yuezhou
name: Turner, Megan
name: Carey, John T.
name: Gill, M. John
name: Abraham, Alison G.
name: Gebo, Kelly
name: Justice, Amy C.
name: Patel, Pragna
name: Mayer, Kenneth H.
name: Samji, Hasina
name: Henry, Keith
name: Mayor, Angel
name: Dubrow, Robert
name: Hogg, Robert S.
name: Burkholder, Greer
name: Rebeiro, Peter F.
name: Bosch, Ronald
name: Rachlis, Anita R.
name: Martin, Jeffrey N.
name: Deeks, Steven G.
name: Buchacz, Kate
name: Hunter-Mellado, Robert F.
name: Rourke, Sean B.
name: Mayor, Angel M.
name: Althoff, Keri N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Background. There are few recent data on the rates of AIDS-defining opportunistic infections (OIs) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected patients in care in the United States and Canada.
Interface exchange processes in LaAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ induced by oxygen vacancies
Creators: name: Behrmann, Malte
name: Lechermann, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the role of defects in oxide heterostructures is crucial for future materials control and functionalization. We hence study the impact of oxygen vacancies (OVs) at variable concentrations on orbital- and spin exchange in the LaAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ interface by first principles many-body theory and real-space model-Hamiltonian techniques. Intricate interplay between Hubbard $U$ and Hund's coupling $J_{\rm H}$ for OV-induced correlated states is demonstrated. Orbital polarization towards an effective $e_g$ state with predominant local antiferromagnetic alignment on Ti sites near OVs is contrasted with $t_{2g}(xy)$ states with ferromagnetic tendencies in the defect-free regions. Different magnetic phases are identified, giving rise to distinct net-moment behavior at low and high OV concentrations. This provides a theoretical basis for prospective tailored magnetism by defect manipulation in oxide interfaces.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Microscopic Plasmodium falciparum Gametocytemia and Infectivity to Mosquitoes in Cambodia
Creators: name: Chuor, Char Meng
name: Gosi, Panita
name: Somethy, Sok
name: Heng, Thay Kheang
name: Meshnick, Steven R.
name: Spring, Michele
name: Saunders, David L.
name: Lon, Chanthap
name: Parobek, Christian
name: Ubalee, Ratawan
name: Lanteri, Charlotte
name: Nuom, Sarath
name: Vy, Dav
name: Ponsa, Chanudom
name: San, Savoeun
name: Lin, Jessica T.
name: Balasubramanian, Sujata
name: Kuntawunginn, Worachet
name: Chanarat, Nitima
name: Rahman, Rifat
name: Levitz, Lauren
name: Saingam, Piyaporn
name: Burkly, Hana
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Although gametocytes are essential for malaria transmission, in Africa many falciparum-infected persons without smear-detectable gametocytes still infect mosquitoes. To see whether the same is true in Southeast Asia, we determined the infectiousness of 119 falciparum-infected Cambodian adults to Anopheles dirus mosquitoes by membrane feeding. Just 5.9% of subjects infected mosquitoes. The 8.4% of patients with smear-detectable gametocytes were >20 times more likely to infect mosquitoes than those without and were the source of 96% of all mosquito infections. In low-transmission settings, targeting transmission-blocking interventions to those with microscopic gametocytemia may have an outsized effect on malaria control and elimination.
20221215 - Ladlow et al MCOVID 12 month follow up Supplementary File 4: Longitudinal changes based on recovery status
Creators: name: Ladlow, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Exercise physiology

description: Changes in patient-reported and functional outcomes of individuals who ‘did’ and ‘did not’ recover between 5 and 12 month follow-up assessments
Ipomoea valenzuelensis Chodat & Hassl., Bull. Herb. Boissier
Creators: name: Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña
name: Egea, Juana De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Convolvulaceae
Ipomoea
Ipomoea valenzuelensis

description: Ipomoea valenzuelensis Chodat & Hassl., Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2(5): 687. 1905.
Herb.
 Vouchers: Cordillera: Hassler 7035 (BM, G); Vanni et al. 1154 (G, MO). Guairá: Hassler 8577 (BM); Hassler 8827 (BM, G); Mereles 7561 (FCQ); Soria 4233 (FCQ); Zardini & Aguayo 14896 (FCQ, MO). Paraguarí: Hassler 7036, type (BM, G, MO).
description: Published as part of Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña & Egea, Juana De, 2018, Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 384 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.384.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13725946
20221215 - Ladlow et al MCOVID 12 month follow up Supplementary File 3: Outcomes - medical history, PROMs, CPET, Occupation, METS
Creators: name: Ladlow, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Exercise physiology

description: All outcome tables from the MCOVID 12 month follow-up study. Including basic medical history, PROMs, CPET, occupation and METS
Strategic Investment in Protection in Networked Systems
Creators: name: Leduc, Matt V.
name: Momot, Ruslan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 91D30, 05C82, 91A43

description: We study the incentives that agents have to invest in costly protection against cascading failures in networked systems. Applications include vaccination, computer security and airport security. Agents are connected through a network and can fail either intrinsically or as a result of the failure of a subset of their neighbors. We characterize the equilibrium based on an agent's failure probability and derive conditions under which equilibrium strategies are monotone in degree (i.e. in how connected an agent is on the network). We show that different kinds of applications (e.g. vaccination, malware, airport/EU security) lead to very different equilibrium patterns of investments in protection, with important welfare and risk implications. Our equilibrium concept is flexible enough to allow for comparative statics in terms of network properties and we show that it is also robust to the introduction of global externalities (e.g. price feedback, congestion).
description: 32 pages, 3 figures
Severe Flooding and Malaria Transmission in the Western Ugandan Highlands: Implications for Disease Control in an Era of Global Climate Change
Creators: name: Band, Lawrence
name: Ntaro, Moses
name: Matte, Michael
name: Metlay, Joshua P.
name: Siedner, Mark J.
name: Reyes, Raquel
name: Mulogo, Edgar
name: Boyce, Ross
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Background. There are several mechanisms by which global climate change may impact malaria transmission. We sought to assess how the increased frequency of extreme precipitation events associated with global climate change will influence malaria transmission in highland areas of East Africa.
Fourier integral operators algebra and fundamental solutions to hyperbolic systems with polynomially bounded coefficients on R^n
Creators: name: Ascanelli, A.
name: Coriasco, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the composition of an arbitrary number of Fourier integral operators $A_j$, $j=1,\dots,M$, $M\ge 2$, defined through symbols belonging to the so-called SG classes. We give conditions ensuring that the composition $A_1\circ\cdots\circ A_M$ of such operators still belongs to the same class. Through this, we are then able to show well-posedness in weighted Sobolev spaces for first order hyperbolic systems of partial differential equations with coefficients in SG classes, by constructing the associated fundamental solutions.
description: 34 pages
Validation of the Cepheid GeneXpert for Detecting Ebola Virus in Semen
Creators: name: Otieno, Yonnie
name: Wohl, David A.
name: Toukolon, Mason
name: Dube, Karine
name: Fischer, William A.
name: Chason, Kelly
name: Hobbs, Marcia M.
name: Loftis, Amy James
name: Sumo, Emmanuel
name: Quellie, Saturday
name: Hoover, David
name: Ellerbrok, Heinzfried
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Background: Ebola virus (EBOV) RNA persistence in semen, reported sexual transmission, and sporadic clusters at the end of the 2013-2016 epidemic have prompted recommendations that male survivors refrain from unprotected sex unless their semen is confirmed to be EBOV free. However, there is no fully validated assay for EBOV detection in fluids other than blood.

Methods: The Cepheid Xpert Ebola assay for EBOV RNA detection was validated for whole semen and blood using samples obtained from uninfected donors and spiked with inactivated EBOV. The validation procedure incorporated standards from Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute and Good Clinical Laboratory Practices guidelines for evaluating molecular devices for use in infectious disease testing.

Results: The assay produced limits of detection of 1000 copies/mL in semen and 275 copies/mL in blood. Limits of detection for both semen and blood increased with longer intervals between collection and testing, with acceptable results obtained up to 72 hours after specimen collection.

Conclusions: The Cepheid Xpert Ebola assay is accurate and precise for detecting EBOV in whole semen. A validated assay for EBOV RNA detection in semen informs the care of male survivors of Ebola, as well as recommendations for public health.
Electronic and Nuclear Quantum Effects on the Ice XI/Ice Ih Phase Transition
Creators: name: Pamuk, Betül
name: Allen, Philip B.
name: Fernández-Serra, M. -V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the isotope effect on the temperature of the proton order/disorder phase transition between ice XI and ice Ih, using the quasiharmonic approximation combined with \textit{ab initio} density functional theory calculations. We show that this method is accurate enough to obtain a phase transition temperature difference between light ice (H$_2$O) and heavy ice (D$_2$O) of 6 K as compared to the experimental value of 4 K. More importantly, we are able to explain the origin of the isotope effect on the much debated large temperature difference observed in the phase transition. The source of the difference is directly linked to the physics behind the anomalous isotope effect on the volume of hexagonal ice that was recently explained in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 193003 (2012)]. These results indicate that the same physics might be behind the isotope effects in transition temperatures between other ice phases.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
A refined realization theorem in the context of the Schur-Szegő composition
Creators: name: Kostov, Vladimir Petrov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Every polynomial of the form $P=(x+1)(x^{n-1}+c_1x^{n-2}+\cdots +c_{n-1})$ is representable as Schur-Szegő composition of $n-1$ polynomials of the form $(x+1)^{n-1}(x+a_i)$, where the numbers $a_i$ are unique up to permutation. We give necessary and sufficient conditions upon the possible values of the $8$-vector whose components are the number of positive, zero, negative and complex roots of a real polynomial $P$ and the number of positive, zero, negative and complex among the quantities $a_i$ corresponding to $P$. A similar result is proved about entire functions of the form $e^xR$, where $R$ is a polynomial.
Jacquemontia anomala O'Donell, Lilloa
Creators: name: Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña
name: Egea, Juana De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Convolvulaceae
Jacquemontia
Jacquemontia anomala

description: Jacquemontia anomala O’Donell, Lilloa 23: 460. 1950.
Vine.
 Vouchers: Alto Paraná: Fiebrig 6278, type (BM, SI).
description: Published as part of Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña & Egea, Juana De, 2018, Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 384 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.384.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13725946
Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Is Initiated During Primary HIV Infection and Not Rapidly Altered by Antiretroviral Therapy
Creators: name: Fuchs, Dietmar
name: Zetterberg, Henrik
name: Spudich, Serena
name: Price, Richard W.
name: Robertson, Kevin
name: Rahimy, Elham
name: Hagberg, Lars
name: Gisslén, Magnus
name: Meyerhoff, Dieter J.
name: Li, Fang-Yong
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: BACKGROUND: We explored the establishment of abnormal blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and its relationship to neuropathogenesis during primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection by evaluating the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to serum albumin quotient (QAlb) in patients with primary HIV infection. We also analyzed effects of initiating combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). METHODS: The QAlb was measured in longitudinal observational studies of primary HIV infection. We analyzed trajectories of the QAlb before and after cART initiation, using mixed-effects models, and associations between the QAlb and the CSF level of neurofilament light chain (NFL), the ratio of N-acetylaspartate to creatinine levels (a magnetic resonance spectroscopy neuronal integrity biomarker), and neuropsychological performance. RESULTS: The baseline age-adjusted QAlb was elevated in 106 patients with primary HIV infection (median time of measurement, 91 days after infection), compared with that in 64 controls (P = .02). Before cART initiation, the QAlb increased over time in 84 participants with a normal baseline QAlb (P = .006) and decreased in 22 with a high baseline QAlb (P = .011). The QAlb did not change after a median cART duration of 398 days, initiated at a median interval of 225 days after infection (P = .174). The QAlb correlated with the NFL level at baseline (r = 0.497 and P < .001) and longitudinally (r = 0.555 and P < .001) and with the ratio of N-acetylaspartate to creatinine levels in parietal gray matter (r = −0.352 and P < .001 at baseline and r = −0.387 and P = .008 longitudinally) but not with neuropsychological performance. CONCLUSION: The QAlb rises during primary HIV infection, associates with neuronal injury, and does not significantly improve over a year of treatment. BBB-associated neuropathogenesis in HIV-infected patients may initiate during primary infection.
Crystal chemistry of three-component white dwarfs and neutron star crusts: phase stability, phase stratification, and physical properties
Creators: name: Engstrom, T. A.
name: Yoder, N. C.
name: Crespi, V. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic search for multicomponent crystal structures is carried out for five different ternary systems of nuclei in a polarizable background of electrons, representative of accreted neutron star crusts and some white dwarfs. Candidate structures are "bred" by a genetic algorithm, and optimized at constant pressure under the assumption of linear response (Thomas-Fermi) charge screening. Subsequent phase equilibria calculations reveal eight distinct crystal structures in the $T=0$ bulk phase diagrams, five of which are complicated multinary structures not before predicted in the context of compact object astrophysics. Frequent instances of geometrically similar but compositionally distinct phases give insight into structural preferences of systems with pairwise Yukawa interactions, including and extending to the regime of low density colloidal suspensions made in a laboratory. As an application of these main results, we self-consistently couple the phase stability problem to the equations for a self-gravitating, hydrostatically stable white dwarf, with fixed overall composition. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to incorporate complex multinary phases into the equilibrium phase layering diagram and mass-radius-composition dependence, both of which are reported for He-C-O and C-O-Ne white dwarfs. Finite thickness interfacial phases ("interphases") show up at the boundaries between single-component bcc crystalline regions, some of which have lower lattice symmetry than cubic. A second application -- quasi-static settling of heavy nuclei in white dwarfs -- builds on our equilibrium phase layering method. Tests of this nonequilibrium method reveal extra phases which play the role of transient host phases for the settling species.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Submitted to ApJ
Diversity in the US Infectious Diseases Workforce: Challenges for Women and Underrepresented Minorities
Creators: name: Aberg, Judith A
name: Marrazzo, Jeanne
name: Blankson, Joel
name: Adimora, Adaora A
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Research documents significant gender-based salary inequities among physicians and ongoing inadequacies in recruitment and promotion of physicians from underrepresented minority groups. Given the complexity of the social forces that promote these disparities, their elimination will likely require quantitative and qualitative research to understand the pathways that lead to them and to develop effective solutions. Interventions to combat implicit bias will be required, and structural interventions that hold medical school leadership accountable are needed to achieve and maintain salary equity and racial and gender diversity at all levels.
Impact of Pre-Exposure History and Host Genetics on Antibody Avidity Following Norovirus Vaccination
Creators: name: Jones, Taylor A.
name: Mallory, Michael L.
name: Baehner, Frank
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Lindesmith, Lisa C.
name: Bargatze, Robert F.
name: Goodwin, Robert R.
name: Richardson, Charles
name: Mendelman, Paul M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Background: Development of high avidity, broadly neutralizing antibodies (Abs) is a priority after vaccination against rapidly evolving, widely disseminated viruses like human norovirus. After vaccination with a multivalent GI.1 and GII.4c norovirus virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine candidate adjuvanted with alum and monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL), blockade Ab titers peaked early, with no increase in titer following a second vaccine dose.

Methods: Blockade Ab relative avidity was evaluated by measuring the slope of blockade Ab neutralization curves.

Results: Blockade Ab avidity to the GI.1 vaccine component peaked at day 35 (7 days after dose 2). Avidities to heterotypic genogroup I VLPs were not sustained at day 35 after vaccination or GI.1 infection, as measured from archived sera. Only secretor-positive participants maintained high avidity blockade Ab to GI.1 at day 180. Avidity to the GII.4c vaccine component peaked at day 7, remained elevated through day 180, and was not secretor dependent. Avidity to an immunologically novel GII.4 strain VLP correlated with preexisting Ab titer to an ancestral strain Epitope A.

Conclusions: Host genetics and pre-exposure history shape norovirus vaccine Ab responses, including blockade Ab avidity. Avidity of potentially neutralizing Ab may be an important metric for evaluating vaccine responses to highly penetrant viruses with cross-reactive serotypes.
Universal edge information from wave-function deformation
Creators: name: Ho, Wen Wei
name: Cincio, Lukasz
name: Moradi, Heidar
name: Vidal, Guifre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the bulk physics of a topological phase constrains its possible edge physics through the bulk-edge correspondence. Therefore, the different types of edge theories that a topological phase can host constitute a universal piece of data which can be used to characterize topological order. In this paper, we argue that, beginning from only the fixed-point wave function (FPW) of a nonchiral topological phase and by locally deforming it, all possible edge theories can be extracted from its entanglement Hamiltonian (EH). We give a general argument, and concretely illustrate our claim by deforming the FPW of the Wen-plaquette model, the quantum double of $\mathbb{Z}_2$. In that case, we show that the possible EHs of the deformed FPW reflect the known possible types of edge theories, which are generically gapped, but gapless if translational symmetry is preserved. We stress that our results do not require an underlying Hamiltonian--thus, this lends support to the notion that a topological phase is indeed characterized by only a set of quantum states and can be studied through its FPWs.
description: 7+1 pages, 2 figures
Information on the Bismuth price development and mine production (2024)
Creators: name: Handschuh-Wang, Stephan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 401999
subject: Resources engineering and extractive metallurgy not elsewhere classified

description: This is supporting material to a review article and details the price development of bismuth and the reasons for the changing prices.This is the supporting information for the article: Bismuth – Production, market and price development, and applications published in Canadian Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly
In Vivo Models of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Persistence and Cure Strategies
Creators: name: Mavigner, Maud
name: Nixon, Christopher C.
name: Garcia, J. Victor
name: Silvestri, Guido
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Current HIV therapy is not curative regardless of how soon after infection it is initiated or how long it is administered, and therapy interruption almost invariably results in robust viral rebound. Human immunodeficiency virus persistence is therefore the major obstacle to a cure for AIDS. The testing and implementation of novel yet unproven approaches to HIV eradication that could compromise the health status of HIV-infected individuals might not be ethically warranted. Therefore, adequate in vitro and in vivo evidence of efficacy is needed to facilitate the clinical implementation of promising strategies for an HIV cure. Animal models of HIV infection have a strong and well-documented history of bridging the gap between laboratory discoveries and eventual clinical implementation. More recently, animal models have been developed and implemented for the in vivo evaluation of novel HIV cure strategies. In this article, we review the recent progress in this rapidly moving area of research, focusing on the two most promising model systems: humanized mice and nonhuman primates.
Explicit Local Integrals of Motion for the Many-Body Localized State
Creators: name: Rademaker, Louk
name: Ortuño, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it has been suggested that the Many-Body Localized phase can be characterized by local integrals of motion. Here we introduce a Hilbert space preserving renormalization scheme that iteratively finds such integrals of motion exactly. Our method is based on the consecutive action of a similarity transformation using displacement operators. We show, as a proof of principle, localization and the delocalization transition in interacting fermion chains with random onsite potentials. Our scheme of consecutive displacement transformations can be used to study Many Body Localization in any dimension, as well as disorder-free Hamiltonians.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, and Supplementary Information. Second version contains new numerical results