cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Paleo-Rock-Hosted Life on Earth and the Search on Mars: a Review and Strategy for Exploration
Creators: name: Onstott, T. C.
name: Ehlmann, B. L.
name: Sapers, H.
name: Coleman, M.
name: Ivarsson, M.
name: Marlow, J. J.
name: Neubeck, A.
name: Niles, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the abundance and diversity of terrestrial rock hosted life, the environments it inhabits, the evolution of its metabolisms, and its fossil biomarkers to provide guidance in the search for the biomarkers of rock hosted life on Mars. Key finds are metabolic pathways for chemolithotrophic microorganisms evolved much earlier in Earth history than those of surface dwelling phototrophic microorganisms,the emergence of the former occurred at a time when Mars was habitable, whereas that of the latter occurred at a time when the martian surface would have been uninhabitable, subsurface biomass do not correlate with organic carbon and tends to be highest at interfaces where chemical redox gradients are most pronounced, deep subsurface metabolic activity does not rely upon the respiration of organic photosynthate but upon the flux of inorganic energy and the abiotic and biotic recycling of metabolic waste products, and the rock record reveals examples of subsurface life back to 3.45 Ga with several examples of good preservation potential in rock types that are quite different from those preserving the photospheric supported biosphere.These findings suggest that rock hosted life would have likely to emerge and be preserved in a martian context. We thus propose a Mars exploration strategy that scales spatially, focusing initially on identifying rocks with evidence for groundwater flow and low temperature mineralization, then identifying redox and permeability interfaces preserved within rock outcrops, and finally focusing on finding minerals associated with redox reactions and traces of carbon and diagnostic biosignatures. The lessons from Earth show that ancient rock hosted life is preserved in the fossil record and confirmable via a suite of morphologic, organic, mineralogical and isotopic fingerprints and microscopic textures.
description: 55 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
K_{l4} decays
Creators: name: Li, Bing An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An effective theory of large N_{C} QCD of mesons has been used to study six K_{l4} decay modes. It has been found that the matrix elements of the axial-vector current dominate the K_{l4} decays. PCAC is satisfied. A relationship between three form factors of axial-vector current has been found. Non-zero phase shifts are originated in ρ-->ππ. The decay rates are calculated in the chiral limit. In this study there is no adjustable parameter.
description: 29 pages including 12 figures
Additional file 6 of Effectiveness of bazedoxifene in preventing glucocorticoid-induced bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis patients
Creators: name: Cho, Soo-Kyung
name: Kim, Hyoungyoung
name: Lee, Jiyoung
name: Nam, Eunwoo
name: Lee, Seunghun
name: Choi, Yun Young
name: Sung, Yoon-Kyoung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 6. Drug compliance (%).
Climate Change Mitigation Policies: Aggregate and Distributional Effects
Creators: name: Cavalcanti, T.
name: Hasna, Z.
name: Santos, C.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2021
Subjects: Climate change
carbon taxes
worker heterogeneity
labor reallocation

description: We evaluate the aggregate and distributional effects of climate change mitigation policies using a multi-sector equilibrium model with intersectoral input–output linkages and worker heterogeneity calibrated to different countries. The introduction of carbon taxes leads to changes in relative prices and inputs reallocation, including labor. For the United States, reaching its original Paris Agreement pledge would imply at most a 0.6% drop in output. This impact is distributed asymmetrically across sectors and individuals. In the US, workers with a comparative advantage in dirty energy sectors who do not reallocate suffer a welfare loss 12 times higher than workers in non-dirty sectors, but constitute less than 1% of the labor force.
Novel associations between MHC and TRBV gene usage in Chinese newborns
Creators: name: 元伟 章
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2024
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Targeted Locus (Loci)
Multiisolate

description: A large number of highly variable T cell receptors (TCRs) are expressed in each individual, enabling T cells to recognize antigen as peptides bounded to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. It remains controversial whether germline-encoded TCR repertoire is shaped by MHC polymorphism and, if so, what is the preference between different MHC alleles and TCR specificity. Here, we applied quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping to test the associations between MHC polymorphism and TCR beta chain V (TRBV) genes usage in a cohort of 201 Chinese newborns. Our results showed that 14.6% (7/48) of TRBV genes are in association with nucleotide and amino acid variants of the MHC alleles, many of which showed spatial proximities in structural analysis of TCR-pMHC complexes. These results show for the first time that MHC variants bias TRBV gene usage in newborns of Chinese ancestry and indicate that germline-encoded contacts influence TCR-MHC interactions in the neonatal T cell repertoires.
A geometrical 1% distance to the short-period binary Cepheid V1334 Cygni
Creators: name: Gallenne, A.
name: Kervella, P.
name: Evans, N. R.
name: Proffitt, C. R
name: Monnier, J. D.
name: Merand, A.
name: Nelan, E.
name: Winston, E.
name: Pietrzynski, G.
name: Schaefer, G.
name: Gieren, W.
name: Anderson, R. I.
name: Borgniet, S.
name: Kraus, S.
name: Roettenbacher, R. M.
name: Baron, F.
name: Pilecki, B.
name: Taormina, M.
name: Graczyk, D.
name: Mowlavi, N.
name: Eyer, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cepheid stars play a considerable role as extragalactic distances indicators, thanks to the simple empirical relation between their pulsation period and their luminosity. They overlap with that of secondary distance indicators, such as Type Ia supernovae, whose distance scale is tied to Cepheid luminosities. However, the Period-Luminosity (P-L) relation still lacks a calibration to better than 5%. Using an original combination of interferometric astrometry with optical and ultraviolet spectroscopy, we measured the geometrical distance d = 720.35+/-7.84 pc of the 3.33 d period Cepheid V1334 Cyg with an unprecedented accuracy of +/-1 %, providing the most accurate distance for a Cepheid. Placing this star in the P-L diagram provides an independent test of existing period-luminosity relations. We show that the secondary star has a significant impact on the integrated magnitude, particularly at visible wavelengths. Binarity in future high precision calibrations of the P-L relations is not negligible, at least in the short-period regime. Subtracting the companion flux leaves V1334 Cyg in marginal agreement with existing photometric-based P-L relations, indicating either an overall calibration bias or a significant intrinsic dispersion at a few percent level. Our work also enabled us to determine the dynamical masses of both components, M1 = 4.288 +/- 0.133 Msun (Cepheid) and M2 = 4.040 +/- 0.048 Msun (companion), providing the most accurate masses for a Galactic binary Cepheid system.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Approachability with Discounting
Creators: name: Carmona, G.
name: Sabourian, H.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2021
Subjects: Approachability
Repeated Games

description: We establish a version of Blackwell’s (1956) approachability result with discounting. Our main result shows that, for convex sets, our notion of approachability with discounting is equivalent to Blackwell’s (1956) approachability. Our proofs are based on a concentration result for probability measures and on the minmax theorem for two-person, zero-sum games.
Quantifying Volatility Reduction in German Day-ahead Spot Market in the Period 2006 through 2016
Creators: name: Khoshrou, Abdolrahman
name: Pauwels, Eric J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In Europe, Germany is taking the lead in the switch from the conventional to renewable energy. This poses new challenges as wind and solar energy are fundamentally intermittent, weather-dependent and less predictable. It is therefore of considerable interest to investigate the evolution of price volatility in this post-transition era. There are a number of reasons, however, that makes the practical studies difficult. For instance, EPEX prices can be zero or negative. Consequently, the standard approach in financial time series analysis to switch to logarithmic measures is inapplicable. Furthermore, in contrast to the stock market prices which are only available for trading days, EPEX prices cover the whole year, including weekends and holidays. Accordingly, there is a lot of underlying variability in the data which has nothing to do with volatility, but simply reflects diurnal activity patterns. An important distinction of the present work is the application of matrix decomposition techniques, namely the singular value decomposition (SVD), for defining an alternative notion of volatility. This approach is systematically more robust toward outliers and also the diurnal patterns. Our observations show that the day-ahead market is becoming less volatile in recent years.
Political Ideology and Public Views of the Energy Transition in Australia and the UK
Creators: name: Clulow, Z.
name: Ferguson, M.
name: Ashworth, P.
name: Reiner, D.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2021
Subjects: Political parties
public opinion
climate policy
energy policy

description: We explore the relationship between political ideology and public attitudes towards a range of energy technologies (namely: biomass, coal, shale (or coal seam) gas, natural gas, carbon capture and storage, hydroelectricity, nuclear, solar thermal and photovoltaic, wave and wind energy). Our empirical analysis draws on the results of two similar nationally representative public surveys that were conducted in Australia and the UK in 2017. Our findings suggest that political ideology is significantly associated with public attitudes towards energy technologies. Specifically, supporters of left-leaning political parties tend to be more supportive of renewables and opposed to biomass, shale (coal seam) gas, nuclear and fossil fuel energies compared to right-leaning individuals. We also create an alternative ideological proxy to capture the relative emphasis that parties place on the environment and economy and find that supporters of environmentally focused parties generally express similar energy preferences to left-leaning individuals and economy-focused respondents align with right-leaning attitudes. Our findings are robust to different choices of proxy.
Financial Frictions, Firm Dynamics and the Aggregate Economy: Insights from Richer Productivity Processes
Creators: name: Ruiz-García, J. C.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2021
Subjects: Firm Dynamics
Non-Linear Productivity Process
Financial Frictions
Misallocation

description: How do financial frictions affect firm dynamics, allocation of resources across firms, and aggregate productivity and output? Is the nature of productivity shocks that firms face primary for the effects of financial frictions? I first use a comprehensive dataset of Spanish firms from 1999 to 2014 to estimate non-parametrically the firm productivity dynamics. I find that the productivity process is non-linear, as persistence and shock variability depend on past productivity, and productivity shocks are non-Gaussian. These dynamics differ from the ones implied by a standard AR(1) process, commonly used in the firm dynamics literature. I then build a model of firm dynamics with financial frictions in which productivity shocks are non-linear and non-Gaussian. The model is consistent with a host of evidence on firm dynamics, financial frictions, and firms’ financial behaviour. In the model economy, financial frictions affect the firm life cycle. Without financial frictions, the size of an entrant firm will be three times larger. Furthermore, profit accumulation, which allows firms to overcome financial frictions, is slow, and it only speeds up when firms are mature. As a consequence, the average exiting firm is smaller than it would be without financial frictions. The aggregate consequences of financial frictions are significant. They result in misallocation of capital and reduce aggregate productivity by 16%. This figure is only 8% if productivity dynamics evolve according to a standard AR(1) process.
Hadron Formation Time and Dilepton Mass Spectra in Heavy Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Filip, Peter
name: Pisut, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that formation time of pions produced in heavy ion collisions modifies the mass spectrum of dileptons produced via pipi -> ee annihilation. Increasing formation time enhances the production of dileptons with lower masses. The effect offers an explanation of a part of the enhanced production of dileptons below the rho-meson mass as observed by the CERES and HELIOS Collaborations at the CERN SPS.
description: 10 pages, Revtex, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of The genetic basis of adaptation in phenology in an introduced population of Black Cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa, Torr. & Gray)
Creators: name: Apuli, Rami-Petteri
name: Richards, Thomas
name: Rendón-Anaya, Martha
name: Karacic, Almir
name: Rönnberg-Wästljung, Ann-Christin
name: Ingvarsson, Pär K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file1: Table S1: Schematic of crosses and numbers of individuals produced by a cross between the parent individuals. Mothers are on the left (yellow) and fathers on top (blue). The parents in bold and all offspring are present in the Krusenberg field trial. Table S2: Monthly mean temperature and rainfall information for years 2017 and 2018. Table S3: Drawings, pictures and descriptions of the 6 stages of bud burst. The table is reproduced as given to the field scorers with drawing of stage 3 and pictures of stages 5 and 6 missing. Drawings reproduced on permission of the owner Alfas Pliura of Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry. Table S4: Autumn coloration scoring scheme for 2017-2018. Original 2017 and 2018 describe the original scoring systems used in the corresponding years. converted 2017 shows, which stages the original 2017 scores correspond in the 2018 scoring system. Table S5: Phytotron simulated seasons temperature, light conditions and humidity information. The simulated winter shaded in gray. During late July and early August of 2018, a breakdown of the climate chambers occurred causing the simulated winter (marked with *) to be interrupted by high temperatures before resumption of simulated winter temperatures. Table S6: Sequencing breadth and depth coverage of the 121 sequenced individuals. Values have been rounded to three decimals. Genotyped parent and non-parent non-offspring individuals shaded with gray. Table S7: Heritabilites of chosen traits. Broad sense heritability is calculated using the Cullis method. * evident overfitting. Table S8: GO -term enrichment analysis results. Table S9: Hypergeometric test results. Results are rounded to 3 decimals. Table S10: All candidate genes identified within 10 kbp of significant slopes. Table S11: Shared candidate genes between our results and Evans et al. (2014) and McKown et al. (2014). Figure S1: Pearson’s correlation between BLUP and mean values of A) bud burst initation in year 2017 (BB2-17), B) autumn coloring initiation in year 2018 (CO3-18), C) bud set completion (BS7) and D) diameter at breast height (DBH-17). * p < 2.2-16. Figure S2: Spearman’s correlation matrix and heatmap of all our chosen 23 traits. Figure S3: Logarithmic p-value Manhattan plot. Figure S4: Logarithmic p-value QQ-plot. Figure S5: Level of LD as function of distance. Figure S6: Venn diagram of candidate genes for both year for A) bud burst initiation (BB2), B) bud burs completion (BB4) C) autumn coloring initiation (CO3), D) autumn coloring completion (CO8) E) leaf shed initiation (LS2) and F) leaf shed completion (LS5).
A Bias-Corrected CD Test for Error Cross-Sectional Dependence in Panel Data Models with Latent Factors
Creators: name: Pesaran, M. H.
name: Xie, Y.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2021
Subjects: Latent factor models
strong and weak factors
error cross-sectional dependence
spatial and network alternatives

description: In a recent paper Juodis and Reese (2021) (JR) show that the application of the CD test proposed by Pesaran (2004) to residuals from panels with latent factors results in over-rejection and propose a randomized test statistic to correct for over-rejection, and add a screening component to achieve power. This paper considers the same problem but from a different perspective and shows that the standard CD test remains valid if the latent factors are weak, and proposes a simple bias-corrected CD test, labelled CD*, which is shown to be asymptotically normal, irrespective of whether the latent factors are weak or strong. This result is shown to hold for pure latent factor models as well as for panel regressions with latent factors. Small sample properties of the CD* test are investigated by Monte Carlo experiments and are shown to have the correct size and satisfactory power for both Gaussian and non-Gaussian errors. In contrast, it is found that JR's test tends to over-reject in the case of panels with non-Gaussian errors, and have low power against spatial network alternatives. The use of the CD* test is illustrated with two empirical applications from the literature.
Diffraction at HERA, Color Opacity and Nuclear Shadowing
Creators: name: Frankfurt, L.
name: Strikman, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The QCD factorization theorem for diffractive processes in DIS is used to derive formulae for the leading twist contribution to the nuclear shadowing of parton distributions in the low thickness limit. Based on the current analyzes of diffraction at HERA we find that the average strength of the interactions which govern diffraction in the gluon sector at $x \le 10^{-3}, Q_0=2 GeV$ is ~50 mb. This is 3 times larger than in the quark sector and suggests that applicability of DGLAP approximation requires significantly larger $Q_0$ in the gluon sector. We use this information to estimate quark and gluon shadowing for heavy nuclei and to calculate its$Q^2$ depen- dence. For A~200 the amount of the gluon shadowing: $G_A/AG_N\sim 0.25-0.4$ at $x<10^{-3},Q=2GeV$ is sensitive to the probability of the small size configurations within wave function of the gluon "partonometer" at the $Q_0$ scale. At this scale for $A\sim 200$ the nonperturbative contribution to the gluon density is reduced by a factor of 4-5 at $x \le 10^{-3}$ unmasking PQCD physics in the gluon distribution of heavy nuclei. Such shadowing would strongly modify the first stage of the heavy ion collisions at LHC, and would lead to large color opacity effects in $eA$ collisions at x<0.001. The leading twist contribution to the cross section of the coherent $J/ψ$ production off $A\ge 12$ nuclei at $\sqrt s \ge 70$ GeV is strongly reduced as compared to the naive color transparency expectations. The Gribov black body limit for $F_{2A}(x,Q^2)$ is extended to the case of the gluon distributions in nuclei and shown to be relevant for the HERA kinematics of $eA$ collisions. Properties of the final states are also briefly discussed.
description: 42 pages, 10 figures, final version to appear in Europ. Jour.of Phys., discussion of a number of issues is substantially extended, two figures and several references are added
Lactarius dryadophilus Kühner
Creators: name: Jacob Heilmann-Clausen
name: Annemieke Verbeken
name: Jan Vesterholt
Publisher: name: Danish Mycological Society
Year: 1998
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Russulales
Russulaceae
Lactarius
Lactarius dryadophilus

description: Lactarius dryadophilus Kühner
Lactarius dryadophilus Kühner, 1975a: 68. Holotype: Norway, Hardanger (LY). SYNONYM: Lactarius dryadophilus var. saliceticola Bon and Jamoni in Jamoni and Bon, 1992b: 21.
A medium-sized to large, lilac staining Lactarius with cream-coloured, viscid cap with a bearded margin; growing in arctic and alpine areas.
DESCRIPTION: Cap 30-100(-150) mm, at first convex with a slightly depressed centre and decurved or inrolled margin, sometimes slightly umbonate; surface sticky, viscid, at the margin bearded and tomentose with up to 2 mm long hairs, whitish chrome to pale cream or warm buff but more brownish in the centre, azonate or slightly zonate. Gills adnate, medium broad, crowded, often forked, whitish to pale cream, later pinkish buff. Stem 20-30 x 15-20 mm, typically curved and tapering downwards; surface whitish to pale cream, sometimes yellowish at the base, very finely pitted or with ochraceous spots, especially towards the base. Flesh firm, becoming hollow in the stem, white, changing to lilac; smell fruity, sweetish; taste mild, like cedar wood to very slightly acrid. Milk white, changing to lilac in contact with the flesh. Spore deposit cream.
Spores 9.3-11.8 x 7.2-9.2 um, av. 10.2-10.3 x 8.1-8.4 um, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid, Q = 1.15-1.40, av. 1.22-1.27; ornamentation up to 0.3 um high, of rather fine and narrow ridges, often aligned but not forming a reticulum or at most a very incomplete one; isolated warts often elongate; plage inamyloid. Basidia 60-70 x 12-15 um, subclavate, 4-spored. Pleuromacrocystidia moderately abundant, 80-120 x 10-15 um, fusiform, tapering to a mucronate apex. Gill edge sterile; cheilomacrocystidia 40-60 x 7-9 um, fusiform; paracystidia 10-25 x 4-6(-10) um; cylindric to tortuous or clavate. Pileipellis an ixocutis to an ixotrichoderm, 150-200 um thick; hyphae 1-5 um broad, very thin-walled and shrivelled, gelatinized, repent or ascending, some with conspicuous incrustations.
ECOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION: Found in arctic and alpine vegetation types on rich, calcareous soils, often in Dryas-rich grasslands. Rather rare and known from Fennoscandia, the Alps, the Pyrenees and Greenland, and occuring from August to mid September.
DISCUSSION: The cap is tomentose only to a short distance from the margin, unlike in L. repraesentaneus, which also has more yellow colours, a longer stem and a different spore ornamentation.
The original description of L. groenlandicus was partly based on this species, but recently lectotypified as a synonym of L. pubescens (Knudsen nda Lamoure, 1993).
description: Published as part of Jacob Heilmann-Clausen, Annemieke Verbeken & Jan Vesterholt, 1998, The Genus Lactarius, Copenhagen :Danish Mycological Society on page 102
ДИАГНОСТИЧЕСКОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ МРТ-ТРАКТОГРАФИИ ПРИ ПОДОСТРОМ СКЛЕРОЗИРУЮЩЕМ ПАНЭНЦЕФАЛИТЕ У ДЕТЕЙ
Creators: name: Усманов, Хасан
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Подострый склерозирующий панэнцефалит (ПСПЭ) - редкое, но летальное нейродегенеративное заболевание, вызванное мутировавшей формой вируса кори, сохраняющейся в тканях мозга. Заболевание проявляется через несколько лет после первичной инфекции и характеризуется постепенным ухудшением когнитивных, моторных и зрительных функций, судорогами и деменцией.
Detailed study of BBN implications of neutrino oscillation generated neutrino asymmetries in some four neutrino models
Creators: name: Foot, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-examine the evolution of neutrino asymmetries in several four neutrino models. The first case involves the direct creation of $L_{ν_e}$ by $ν_e \leftrightarrow ν_s$ oscillations. In the second case, we consider the mass hierarchy $m_{ν_τ} \gg m_{ν_μ}, m_{ν_e}, m_{ν_s}$ where $ν_τ\leftrightarrow ν_s$ oscillations generate a large $L_{ν_τ}$ and some of this asymmetry is converted into $L_{ν_e}$ by $ν_τ \leftrightarrow ν_{e}$ oscillations. We estimate the implications for BBN for a range of cosmologically interesting $δm^2$ values. The present paper improves on previous published work by taking into account the finite repopulation rate and the time dependence of the distortions to the neutrino momentum distributions. The treatment of chemical decoupling is also improved.
description: Expanded discussion on the sign of the neutrino asymmetry
Additional file 5: of Public health emergency preparedness: a framework to promote resilience
Creators: name: Khan, Yasmin
name: O’Sullivan, Tracey
name: Adalsteinn Brown
name: Tracey, Shannon
name: Gibson, Jennifer
name: Généreux, Mélissa
name: Henry, Bonnie
name: Schwartz, Brian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Coding grid applied for content analysis. (DOCX 41 kb)
Additional file 2 of PML-II regulates ERK and AKT signal activation and IFNα-induced cell death
Creators: name: Meng, Xueqiong
name: Chen, Yixiang
name: Macip, Salvador
name: Leppard, Keith
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. siRNA and qPCR primer sequences used in the study.
Additional file 1: of Diagnostic accuracy of molecular methods for detecting markers of antimalarial drug resistance in clinical samples of Plasmodium falciparum: protocol for an update to a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Burrow, Rebekah
name: Fanshawe, Thomas
name: Humphreys, Georgina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Piloted search terms. (DOCX 15â kb)
重庆市耐多药结核菌全基因组
Creators: name: 李青(Li Qing)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2024
Subjects: Genome sequencing
Multiisolate
Medical

description: 2019年3月-2020年7月重庆地区耐多药结核分枝杆菌全基因组测序序列
Universality and stability phase-diagram of two-dimensional brittle fracture
Creators: name: Lubomirsky, Yuri
name: Chen, Chih-Hung
name: Karma, Alain
name: Bouchbinder, Eran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-dimensional oscillatory crack instability, experimentally observed in a class of brittle materials under strongly dynamic conditions, has been recently reproduced by a nonlinear phase-field fracture theory. Here we highlight the universal character of this instability by showing that it is present in materials exhibiting widely different near crack tip elastic nonlinearity, and by demonstrating that the oscillations wavelength follows a universal master curve in terms of dissipation-related and nonlinear elastic intrinsic length scales. Moreover, we show that upon increasing the driving force for fracture, a high-velocity tip-splitting instability emerges, as experimentally demonstrated. The analysis culminates in a comprehensive stability phase-diagram of two-dimensional brittle fracture, whose salient properties and topology are independent of the form of near tip nonlinearity.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Supplemental Material
Critical activity of the hard-sphere lattice gas on the body-centred cubic lattice
Creators: name: Yamagata, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the first Monte Carlo study of the hard-sphere lattice gas with nearest neighbour exclusion on the body-centred cubic lattice. We estimate the critical activity to be $0.7223 \pm 0.0003$. This result confirms that there is a re-entrant phase transition of an antiferromagnetic Ising model in an external field and a Blume-Emery-Griffiths model on the body-centred cubic lattice.
description: 12 pages(4 LaTeX figures included), LaTeX
From oligarchic reionization to the formation of bulges
Creators: name: Tacchella, Sandro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The protagonists of the last great phase transition of the universe – cosmic reionization – remain elusive. Galaxies at z~2 are already mature: bulges have already formed in the cores of these galaxies. The high stellar mass densities in these systems require a high star-formation rate surface density at earlier times; providing possible candidates of galaxies that drive reionization. Using an empirical model for galaxy evolution at z>4, we constrain the escape fraction by leveraging latest constraints on the reionization timeline, such as the Ly-alpha damping of quasars and galaxies at z>7. Inspired by the emergent sample of Lyman Continuum (LyC) leakers spanning z=0-6.6 that overwhelmingly displays higher-than-average star-formation surface density, we propose a physically motivated model relating f_esc to star-formation surface density. Within this model, strikingly, < 5% of galaxies with M_UV<-18 and log(M)>8 (the “oligarchs”) account for >80% of the reionization budget – a stark departure from the canonical “democratic” reionization led by copious faint sources. We predict that the drivers of reionization do not lie hidden across the faint-end of the luminosity function, but are already known to us.
الأسرى المسيحيين في الجزائر طرق أسرهم وتطور أعدادهم خلال القرنيين16و17م.
Creators: name: صفاح, بوعلام
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430318
subject: Middle Eastern and North African history

description: بسبب النشاط البحري المكثف لأسطول إيالة الجزائر شكل الأسرى السلعة الأكثر رواجا في الجزائر، حيث كانت تعج بأعداد هائلة منهم بلغت الآلاف حسب بعض التقديرات الواردة في المصادر الأوربية، فحين عرفت الجزائر حالة من الانتعاش نتيجة ازدهار نشاط الغزو البحري مطلع القرن السابع عشر الميلادي واستمر طيلة القرن الثامن عشر الميلادي، من خلال هاته الدراسة تطرقنا فيها إلى طريقة وقوعهم في الأسر، كما قمنا بإحصاء أعداد الأسرى المتواجدين بمدينة الجزائر طيلة ثلاثة قرون من الزمن
A New Monetary Policy Shock with Text Analysis
Creators: name: Ochs, A. C.R.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2021

description: Measures of monetary shocks commonly give rise to the puzzling result where a monetary tightening has an expansionary effect. A possible reason is that agents may believe that monetary shocks contain information regarding the central bank’s assessment of the economic environment (Nakamura and Steinsson, 2018). Under this hypothesis, the estimated response to monetary policy shocks would contain two conflating effects: the actual effect of monetary policy and the reaction of private agents to the newly acquired information. This paper overcomes this problem by extracting a novel series of monetary shocks using text analysis methods on central bank documents. The resulting text-based variables contain the informational content from changes in the policy rate. Thus, they can be used to extract exogenous changes in monetary policy that are orthogonal to any central bank information. Using this information-free measure of monetary policy shocks reveals that a monetary tightening is not expansionary, even when estimated on more recent periods.
Additional file 1 of Comparative cytokine profiling identifies common and unique serum cytokine responses in acute chikungunya and dengue virus infection
Creators: name: Dhenni, Rama
name: Yohan, Benediktus
name: Alisjahbana, Bachti
name: Lucanus, Anton
name: Riswari, Silvita Fitri
name: Megawati, Dewi
name: Haryanto, Sotianingsih
name: Gampamole, Dekrit
name: Hayati, Rahma F.
name: Sari, Kartika
name: Witari, Ni Putu Diah
name: Myint, Khin Saw Aye
name: Sasmono, R. Tedjo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Viral load kinetics of CHIKV, DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4 infection on healthy donor-derived PBMC culture. PBMC culture supernatants were analysed for viral RNA load by using real-time quantitative RT-PCR at indicated time points. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM of viral RNA plaque-forming unit equivalent (PFUeq)/ml.
Hayek and the Texas blackout
Creators: name: Littlechild, S.
name: Kiesling, L.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2010
Subjects: Hayek
Texas blackout
scarcity pricing
retail electricity competition

description: Was the Texas blackout a market failure or regulatory failure? The economist Hayek has been adduced in support of both views. Hayek would have approved the competitive Texas system, including ERCOT. His likely view on the scarcity pricing framework is less clear, and the recent regulatory implementation of the “circuit breaker” was problematic. There is now a need to revise the scarcity pricing framework in the light of recent events, and to reflect ever-changing market conditions.
On-Axis scalar absorption cross section of Kerr-Newman black holes: Geodesic analysis, sinc and low-frequency approximations
Creators: name: Benone, Carolina L.
name: Leite, Luiz C. S.
name: Crispino, LuÍs C. B.
name: Dolan, Sam R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate null geodesics impinging parallel to the rotation axis of a Kerr-Newman black hole, and show that the absorption cross section for a massless scalar field in the eikonal limit can be described in terms of the photon orbit parameters. We compare our sinc and low-frequency approximations with numerical results, showing that they are in excellent agreement.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures. Conference proceedings of the 4th Amazonian Symposium on Physics
A Pomeron Approach to Hadron-Nucleus and Nucleus-Nucleus "Soft" Interactions at High Energy
Creators: name: Bondarenko, S.
name: Gotsman, E.
name: Levin, E.
name: Maor, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a generalization of the Glauber formalism for hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions based on the Pomeron approach to high energy interactions. Our treatment is based on two physical assumptions (i.e. two small parameters) : (i) that only sufficiently small distances contribute to the Pomeron structure; and (ii) the triple Pomeron vertex $G_{3P}/g_{P-N} \ll 1$ (where $g_{P-N}$ is the Pomeron-nucleon vertex) is small. A systematic method is developed for calculating the total, elastic and diffractive dissociation cross sections as well as the survival probability of large rapidity gap processes and inclusive observables, both for hadron - nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions. Our approach suggests saturation of the density of the produced hadrons in nucleus-nucleus collisions, the value of the saturation density turns out to be large and depends on the number of nucleons in the lightest nucleus.
description: 54 pages, 63 figures
الطرق الصوفية في مواجهة الاستعمار الفرنسي أواخر القرن 19م.
Creators: name: صفاح, بوعلام
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430318
subject: Middle Eastern and North African history

description: تعددت طرق الصوفية خلال القرن 19م واشتهرت كل طريقة بشيخهم وخليفتها واتباعها وبزوايا التي تقوم بدور الرباطات وأماكن للتعليم، حيث واجه الاحتلال الفرنسي مقاومة شرسة راجعة لانتماء الجزائريين إلى الطرق الصوفية، حيث كانت الصوفية تتحمس للجهاد، وحتى يتم القضاء على هذه الطرق الصوفية عمل الفرنسيين على معرفتها وإدراك أهميتها، حيث تصدى الفرنسيون للصوفية بقوة الجيش والسلاح كما اتخذوا وسائل وطرق أخرى والتي تمثلت في تشتيت وتمزيق وحدة طرق الصوفية بهدف القضاء على الثروات المناوئة لوجودهم
Additional file 1 of Mentalization-based treatment for adolescents with conduct disorder (MBT-CD): protocol of a feasibility and pilot study
Creators: name: Taubner, Svenja
name: Hauschild, Sophie
name: Kasper, Lea
name: Kaess, Michael
name: Sobanski, Esther
name: Gablonski, Thorsten-Christian
name: Schröder-Pfeifer, Paul
name: Volkert, Jana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents*
Lactarius glyciosmus (FL: Fr. ) Fr.
Creators: name: Jacob Heilmann-Clausen
name: Annemieke Verbeken
name: Jan Vesterholt
Publisher: name: Danish Mycological Society
Year: 1998
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Russulales
Russulaceae
Lactarius
Lactarius glyciosmus

description: Lactarius glyciosmus (FL: Fr.) Fr.
Agaricus glyciosmus Fr.: Fr., 1821: 72; Lactarius glyciosmus (FL: Fr.) Fr., 1838: 348. Type: Not selected; described from Sweden.
A small to medium-sized Lactarius with pinkish buff colours and a smell like coconuts; associated with Betula.
DESCRIPTION: Cap 12-45 mm, at first convex with a decurved margin, soon expanded to slightly depressed, sometimes with a small umbo; surface finely velutinous to squamulose, dry, pale to dark pinkish buff, greyish pink, clay-pink, dark greyish buff, smoke-grey, greyish brown or brownish olive, palest near margin, azonate or indistinctly zonate, zones clay-buff to fawn or paler, slightly hygrophanous. Gills slightly decurrent to decurrent, rather narrow to narrow, crowded, not forked, pale to dark pinkish buff, with age becoming spotted clay-buff to greyish brown. Stem 20-70 x 3- 10 mm, cylindric, often compressed or furrowed; surface smooth, slightly pruinose at the top, dry, olivaceous buff or pale to dark pinkish buff, turning greyish pink to clay-buff or cinnamon, often with whitish felt at the base. Flesh soft and fragile, stuffed or hollow in the stem, pale cream to dark pinkish buff, taste mild or slowly becoming slightly acrid; smell sweetish, fruity, like coconuts. Milk sparse to rather abundant. whitish; taste mild, soon moderately acrid. Spore deposit pale cream.
Spores 5.7-8.6 x 4.5-70 um, av. 6.5-8.1 x 5.0-6.3 um, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid. Q = 1.15-1.40, av. 1.26-1.28; ornamentation 0.5-1.0 um high, of elongate warts and ridges, connected to form an incomplete, zebra-like reticulum, closed meshes numerous; plage inamyloid or irregularly amyloid in the distal part. Basidia 35-50 x 7-12 um, mostly subclavate, (2- or) 4-spored. Pleuromacrocystidia uncommon to abundant, 40-70 x 7-12 um, cylindric or subclavate, apex obtuse or mucronate. Gill edge heterogeneous; cheilomacrocystidia scattered to rather numerous, 25-60 x 5-9.5 um, cylindric to subelavate, mostly with obtuse apex. Pileipellis a poorly differentiated cutis with trichoderm-like tufts; hyphae 4-12 um broad.
ECOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION: Typically associated with Betula, but according to Neuhoff (1956) it may also occur under Salix and Alnus. Common from the end of May through October in wet places with Sphagnum, as well as in grassy roadsides.
DISCUSSION: Lactarius glyciosmus is a rather variable species. Typical specimens are easily distinguished from L. mammosus by the much paler colours and more slender stature. For microscopical differences, see under L. mammosus. Both species associate with Betula, but with marked differences in ecological preferences.
description: Published as part of Jacob Heilmann-Clausen, Annemieke Verbeken & Jan Vesterholt, 1998, The Genus Lactarius, Copenhagen :Danish Mycological Society on page 170
Chebyshev approximation and the global geometry of sloppy models
Creators: name: Quinn, Katherine N.
name: Wilber, Heather
name: Townsend, Alex
name: Sethna, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sloppy models are complex nonlinear models with outcomes that are significantly affected by only a small subset of parameter combinations. Despite forming an important universality class and arising frequently in practice, formal and systematic explanations of sloppiness are lacking. By unifying geometric interpretations of sloppiness with Chebyshev approximation theory, we offer such an explanation, and show how sloppiness can be described explicitly in terms of model smoothness. Our approach results in universal bounds on model predictions for classes of smooth models, and our bounds capture global geometric features that are intrinsic to their model manifolds. We illustrate these ideas using three disparate models: exponential decay, reaction rates from an enzyme-catalysed chemical reaction, and an epidemiology model of an infected population.
description: 5 pages and 1 figure in main text, 5 pages and 4 figures in supplemental
$F^0-\bar{F}^0 $ Mixing and CP Violation in the General Two Higgs Doublet Model
Creators: name: Wu, Y. L.
name: Zhou, Y. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A phenomenological analysis of the general two Higgs doublet model is presented. Possible constraints of the Yukawa couplings are obtained from the $K^0-\bar{K}^0, B^0-\bar{B}^0$ and $D^0-\bar{D}^0$ mixings. A much larger $D^0-\bar{D}^0$ mixing than the standard model prediction is possible. It is shown that the emerging of various new sources of CP violation in the model could strongly affect the determination of the unitarity triangle. It can be helpful to look for a signal of new physics by comparing the extracted angle $β$ from two different ways, such as from the process $B\to J/ψK_{S}$ and from fitting the quantities $|V_{ub}|, Δm_{B}$ and $ε$.
description: 16 pages, Revtex, 7 figures, references added
Estimation of Common Factors for Microstructure Noise and Efficient Price in a High-frequency Dual Factor Model
Creators: name: Li, Y-N.
name: Chen, J.
name: Linton, O.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cointegration
Factor model
High-frequency data
Microstructure noise
Non-stationarity

description: We develop the Double Principal Component Analysis (DPCA) based on a dual factor structure for high-frequency intraday returns data contaminated with microstructure noise. The dual factor structure allows a factor structure for the microstructure noise in addition to the factor structure for efficient log-prices. We construct estimators of factors for both efficient log-prices and microstructure noise as well as their common components, and provide uniform consistency of these estimators when the number of assets and the sampling frequency go to infinity. In a Monte Carlo exercise, we compare our DPCA method to a PCA-VECM method. Finally, an empirical analysis of intraday returns of S&P 500 Index constituents provides evidence of co-movement of the microstructure noise that distinguishes from latent systematic risk factors.
Identifying the Effects of Sanctions on the Iranian Economy using Newspaper Coverage
Creators: name: Laudati, D.
name: Pesaran, M. H.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2021
Subjects: Newspaper coverage
identification of direct and indirect effects of sanctions
Iran output growth
exchange rate depreciation and inflation
labor force participation and employment
secondary education
gender bias

description: This paper considers how sanctions affected the Iranian economy using a novel measure of sanctions intensity based on daily newspaper coverage. It finds sanctions to have significant effects on exchange rates, inflation, and output growth, with the Iranian rial over-reacting to sanctions, followed up with a rise in inflation and a fall in output. In absence of sanctions, Iran’s average annual growth could have been around 4-5 per cent, as compared to the 3 per cent realized. Sanctions are also found to have adverse effects on employment, labor force participation, secondary and high-school education, with such effects amplified for females.
Foreign Vulnerabilities, Domestic Risks: The Global Drivers of GDP-at-Risk
Creators: name: Lloyd, S.
name: Manuel, E.
name: Panchev, K.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2021
Subjects: Financial stability
GDP-at-Risk
International spillovers
Local projections
Quantile regression
Tail risk

description: We study how foreign financial developments influence the conditional distribution of domestic GDP growth. Within a quantile regression setup, we propose a method to parsimoniously account for foreign vulnerabilities using bilateral-exposure weights when assessing downside macroeconomic risks. Using a panel dataset of advanced economies, we show that tighter foreign financial conditions and faster foreign credit-to-GDP growth are associated with a more severe left tail of domestic GDP growth, even when controlling for domestic indicators. The inclusion of foreign indicators significantly improves estimates of ‘GDP-at-Risk’, a summary measure of downside risks. In turn, this yields time-varying estimates of higher GDP growth moments that are interpretable and provide advanced warnings of crisis episodes. Decomposing historical estimates of GDP-at-Risk into domestic and foreign sources, we show that foreign shocks are a key driver of domestic macroeconomic tail risks.