cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Permutation-based stochastic ordering using pairwise comparisons
Ordinamento stocastico basato sulle permutazioni utilizzando confronti a coppie
Creators: name: Mattiello, Federico <1985>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: SECS-S/01 Statistica

description: The topic of this work concerns nonparametric permutation-based methods aiming to find a ranking (stochastic ordering) of a given set of groups (populations), gathering together information from multiple variables under more than one experimental designs.
The problem of ranking populations arises in several fields of science from the need of comparing G>2 given groups or treatments when the main goal is to find an order while taking into account several aspects. As it can be imagined, this problem is not only of theoretical interest but it
also has a recognised relevance in several fields, such as industrial experiments or behavioural sciences, and this is reflected by the vast literature on the topic, although sometimes the problem is associated with different keywords such as: "stochastic ordering", "ranking", "construction
of composite indices" etc., or even "ranking probabilities" outside of the strictly-speaking statistical literature.
The properties of the proposed method are empirically evaluated by means of an extensive simulation study, where several aspects of interest are let to vary within a reasonable practical range. These aspects comprise: sample size, number of variables, number of groups, and distribution of noise/error.
The flexibility of the approach lies mainly in the several available choices for the test-statistic and in the different types of experimental design that
can be analysed. This render the method able to be tailored to the specific problem and the to nature of the data at hand.
To perform the analyses an R package called SOUP (Stochastic Ordering Using Permutations) has been written and it is available on CRAN.
Failure of the collinear expansion in calculation of the induced gluon emission
Creators: name: Aurenche, P.
name: Zakharov, B. G.
name: Zaraket, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the collinear expansion fails in the case of gluon emission from a fast quark produced in $eA$ DIS. In this approximation the N=1 rescattering contribution to the gluon spectrum vanishes. We show that the higher-twist approach by Guo, Wang and Zhang [4,5] based on the collinear expansion is wrong. The nonzero gluon spectrum obtained in [4,5] is a consequence of unjustified neglecting some important terms in the collinear expansion.
description: 10 pages, 2 eps figures
Circumstellar Interaction Powers the Light Curves of Luminous Rapidly Evolving Optical Transients
Creators: name: Pellegrino, C.
name: Howell, D. A.
name: Vinkó, J.
name: Gangopadhyay, A.
name: Xiang, D.
name: Arcavi, I.
name: Brown, P.
name: Burke, J.
name: Hiramatsu, D.
name: Hosseinzadeh, G.
name: Li, Z.
name: McCully, C.
name: Misra, K.
name: Newsome, M.
name: Gonzalez, E. Padilla
name: Pritchard, T. A.
name: Valenti, S.
name: Wang, X.
name: Zhang, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rapidly evolving transients, or objects that rise and fade in brightness on timescales two to three times shorter than those of typical Type Ia or Type II supernovae (SNe), have uncertain progenitor systems and powering mechanisms. Recent studies have noted similarities between rapidly evolving transients and Type Ibn SNe, which are powered by ejecta interacting with He-rich circumstellar material (CSM). In this work we present multiband photometric and spectroscopic observations from Las Cumbres Observatory and Swift of four fast-evolving Type Ibn SNe. We compare these observations with those of rapidly evolving transients identified in the literature. We discuss several common characteristics between these two samples, including their light curve and color evolution as well as their spectral features. To investigate a common powering mechanism we construct a grid of analytical model light curves with luminosity inputs from CSM interaction as well as $^{56}$Ni radioactive decay. We find that models with ejecta masses of $\approx 1-3$ M$_\odot$, CSM masses of $\approx 0.2-1$ M$_\odot$, and CSM radii of $\approx 20-65$ au can explain the diversity of peak luminosities, rise times, and decline rates observed in Type Ibn SNe and rapidly evolving transients. This suggests that a common progenitor system$-$the core collapse of a high-mass star within a dense CSM shell$-$can reproduce the light curves of even the most luminous and fast-evolving objects, such as AT 2018cow. This work is one of the first to reproduce the light curves of both SNe Ibn and other rapidly evolving transients with a single model.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures, published in ApJ
Survey of six metal contaminants and impurities and eleven metals and alloy components released from stainless-steel sheets on the Chinese market
Creators: name: Qiu, Kai
name: Yang, Daoyuan
name: Zhu, Xiaoyan
name: Sui, Haixia
name: Wu, Gang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The release of metal elements from stainless-steel products in contact with food may endanger human health. To protect human health, different countries or international organisations have formulated corresponding regulations or technical guidelines. Limits for only five metal elements are stipulated in the China National Food Safety Standard (GB 4806.9) and food simulants and test conditions are fixed regardless of the actual use condition. In this study, inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy were used to measure the concentrations of six metal contaminants and impurities and 11 metals and alloy component released from stainless-steel sheets on Chinese market. The effects were also investigated on metal release of six grades (201, 202, 304, 430, 443, and 30Cr13) and 6 exposure conditions (food simulant 5 g L−1 citric acid or 4 vol% acetic acid, contact temperature 70 °C or 100 °C, and contact time 2 h, 0.5 h, or 0.5 h followed by ambient temperature for 24 h). For reusable stainless-steel sheets, especially for grade 30Cr13, it was essential to perform three consecutive release tests to check compliance. However, there was no need to conduct three consecutive release tests for the other five grades if the results of the first test met the regulations. It was recommended that 5 g L−1 citric acid should be used as food simulant and contact temperature and time should be based on the actual using conditions. No relationships were found between metal release amounts and contact test temperature or time. The specific release limits for Pb, Cr, As, Cd, and Ni should be lowered and Al, Mn, and Fe be added in GB 4806.9. The results of this study can be a reference for further analysis of the release behaviour of metal elements in actual stainless-steel products.
Two-component Magnetic Field along the Line of Sight to the Perseus Molecular Cloud: Contribution of the Foreground Taurus Molecular Cloud
Creators: name: Doi, Yasuo
name: Hasegawa, Tetsuo
name: Bastien, Pierre
name: Tahani, Mehrnoosh
name: Arzoumanian, Doris
name: Coudé, Simon
name: Matsumura, Masafumi
name: Sadavoy, Sarah
name: Hull, Charles L. H.
name: Shimajiri, Yoshito
name: Furuya, Ray S.
name: Johnstone, Doug
name: Plume, Rene
name: Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro
name: Kwon, Jungmi
name: Tamura, Motohide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical stellar polarimetry in the Perseus molecular cloud direction is known to show a fully mixed bi-modal distribution of position angles across the cloud (Goodman et al. 1990). We study the Gaia trigonometric distances to each of these stars and reveal that the two components in position angles trace two different dust clouds along the line of sight. One component, which shows a polarization angle of -37.6 deg +/- 35.2 deg and a higher polarization fraction of 2.0 +/- 1.7%, primarily traces the Perseus molecular cloud at a distance of 300 pc. The other component, which shows a polarization angle of +66.8 deg +/- 19.1 deg and a lower polarization fraction of 0.8 +/- 0.6%, traces a foreground cloud at a distance of 150 pc. The foreground cloud is faint, with a maximum visual extinction of < 1 mag. We identify that foreground cloud as the outer edge of the Taurus molecular cloud. Between the Perseus and Taurus molecular clouds, we identify a lower-density ellipsoidal dust cavity with a size of 100 -- 160 pc. This dust cavity locates at l = 170 deg, b = -20 deg, and d = 240 pc, which corresponds to an HI shell generally associated with the Per OB2 association. The two-component polarization signature observed toward the Perseus molecular cloud can therefore be explained by a combination of the plane-of-sky orientations of the magnetic field both at the front and at the back of this dust cavity.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Excimer Laser Ablation of Dielectric Films
Creators: name: Walter, D.
name: Fell, A.
name: Franklin, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1704-1707
description: In this paper, we present an analysis of the ablation of silicon nitride (SiNx) and titanium dioxide
(TiO2) dielectric films with a 248nm krypton fluoride (KrF) excimer laser system. It is observed for a SiNx / silicon
dioxide (SiO2) dielectric stack that there is a threshold fluence for which there is no measurable lifetime degradation
at the substrate, despite evidence of surface melting and recrystallisation. Ablation performed with multiple pulses
below this threshold more completely removes the dielectric layer, but does not contribute to a measurable decrease
in effective lifetime values. Ablation of single layer aluminium oxide (Al2O3) or Al2O3 / TiO2 dielectric stacks result
in the diffusion of aluminium atoms into the silicon substrate, suitable for p-type doping. These results are evidence
of the potential suitability of deep ultraviolet nanosecond laser systems as a high-throughput substitute for
lithography-based dielectric etching.
A Bayesian changepoint analysis on spatio-temporal point processes
Creators: name: Altieri, Linda <1986>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: SECS-S/01 Statistica

description: Changepoint analysis is a well established area of statistical research, but in the context of spatio-temporal point processes it is as yet relatively unexplored. Some substantial differences with regard to standard changepoint analysis have to be taken into account: firstly, at every time point the datum is an irregular pattern of points; secondly, in real situations issues of spatial dependence between points and temporal dependence within time segments raise. Our motivating example consists of data concerning the monitoring and recovery of radioactive particles from Sandside beach, North of Scotland; there have been two major changes in the equipment used to detect the particles, representing known potential changepoints in the number of retrieved particles. In addition, offshore particle retrieval campaigns are believed may reduce the particle intensity onshore with an unknown temporal lag; in this latter case, the problem concerns multiple unknown changepoints. We therefore propose a Bayesian approach for detecting multiple changepoints in the intensity function of a spatio-temporal point process, allowing for spatial and temporal dependence within segments. We use Log-Gaussian Cox Processes, a very flexible class of models suitable for environmental applications that can be implemented using integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA), a computationally efficient alternative to Monte Carlo Markov Chain methods for approximating the posterior distribution of the parameters. Once the posterior curve is obtained, we propose a few methods for detecting significant change points. We present a simulation study, which consists in generating spatio-temporal point pattern series under several scenarios; the performance of the methods is assessed in terms of type I and II errors, detected changepoint locations and accuracy of the segment intensity estimates. We finally apply the above methods to the motivating dataset and find good and sensible results about the presence and quality of changes in the process.
Life Cycle Assessment of Utility-Scale CdTe PV Balance of Systems
Creators: name: Sinha, P.
name: De Wild-Scholten, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV - a Major Electricity Source
Sustainability Aspects

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4657-4660
description: The LCA carbon footprint of utility-scale CdTe PV BOS consists predominantly (50-66%) of mounting materials (e.g., steel, aluminum, synthetic rubber), with smaller important contributions from cabling, inverters, transformers, and raw material transport. Construction and operations and maintenance (O&M) only
contribute to 4-7% of the total BOS carbon footprint. Previous analysis of roof-mount and ground-mount CdTe PV BOS ranges from carbon footprint of 5.7-8.5 g CO2e/kWh and energy payback time and non-renewable energy payback time (EPBT/NREPBT) of 0.20-0.32 yr. The BOS LCA carbon footprint (4.0-6.0 g CO2e/kWh) and EPBT/NREPBT (0.21-0.28 yr) in this evaluation is consistent with these estimates, after harmonizing to the same irradiation levels. Because the LCA carbon footprint and EPBT/NREPBT of utility-scale CdTe PV BOS is not considerably higher than that of rooftop CdTe PV BOS, utility scale deployment of CdTe PV can provide rapid grid penetration with comparable environmental benefits to roof-top CdTe PV.
Boundary three-point function on AdS2 D-branes
Creators: name: Ribault, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the H3+-Liouville relation, I explicitly compute the boundary three-point function on AdS2 D-branes in H3+, and check that it exhibits the expected symmetry properties and has the correct geometrical limit. I then find a simple relation between this boundary three-point function and certain fusing matrix elements, which suggests a formal correspondence between the AdS2 D-branes and discrete representations of the symmetry group. Concluding speculations deal with the fuzzy geometry of AdS2 D-branes, strings in the Minkowskian AdS3, and the hypothetical existence of new D-branes in H3+.
description: 27 pages, v2: significant clarifications added in sections 4.3 and 5
Advanced Solar Cell with Back Side Engineering and Implanted Phosphorus Emitter
Creators: name: Bounaas, L.
name: Auriac, N.
name: Grange, B.
name: Pirot, M.
name: Jourdan, J.
name: Mialon, S.
name: Lanterne, A.
name: Cabal, R.
name: Monna, R.
name: Ribeyron, P.J.
name: De Magnienville, S.
name: Pasquinelli, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1489-1493
description: In this paper the high potential of solar cells with homogeneous implanted emitters and screen printed
metallization is assessed on p-type wafers 239 cm2. A 0.8% absolute gain efficiency is achieved compared to a
standard solar cell including a phosphorus diffused emitter, leading the efficiency up to 19.2%. In order to improve
the solar cell efficiency, focus is placed on well known advanced PERC solar cell architecture with optimized back
side passivation. The approach is to combine the surface passivation provided by a thin oxide layer grown during the
post-implantation annealing process with a deposited capping silicon nitridre layer. This paper presents the influence
of the silicon nitride layer content on passivation and optical properties of solar cells. Laser ablation is also studied
and conditions are found to properly remove the dielectric layers without inducing silicon surface damages. Based on
this development, implanted emitter and local Al-BSF with SiO2/SiNx back passivation are integrated in solar cells
reaching 19.4% efficiency. The presence of a detrimental parasitic shunting effect finally highlights the importance of
developing dielectric layers less positively charged to lead the way on achieving 20% efficiency.
Cardio-respiratory responses to mental challenge : high, moderate, and low heart rate reactors
Creators: name: Hait, Aaron Vincent
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Three issues were examined in this study: (1) the extent to which psychological challenge or stress elicits changes in the breathing patterns of normal subjects; (2) whether breathing pattern changes covary with cardiovascular arousal; and (3) whether individuals identified as being potentially at-risk for developing hypertension respond to mental challenge tasks with breathing pattern and cardiovascular changes that are reliably different from those of lower risk individuals. Subjects were 100 healthy young men divided into reactor quintiles on the basis of their heart rate (HR) changes to a 1-minute cold pressor test. Those in the upper quintile were designated as being at-risk for developing hypertension. Their cardiovascular and respiratory changes to two counterbalanced versions of a 5-minute mental arithmetic test (Easy & Hard) were compared with those of the third and fifth quintile subjects. Marked individual differences were evident in the direction and extent of breathing changes. Overall, the rate, amplitude, variability, and predominant mode of breathing increased substantially over resting levels in response to the math tasks. Only breathing rate and variability reliably covaried with task difficulty. Little correspondence was found between breathing changes and cardiovascular arousal. The data did indicate a trend for breathing to shift towards greater ribcage dominance as task difficulty increased. This was especially true for the at-risk group and least true for the low reactor quintile. The expected group differences in cardiovascular reactivity were not found however, implying that the HR reactivity to cold stimulation is not a good predictor of reactivity to acute mental challenge or stress. Overall, the results suggest that breathing patterns change in response to psychological stress but are not clearly associated with cardiovascular arousal. The attempt to identify subgroups of aberrant breathers on the basis of HR reactivity also yielded equivocal results.
End-of-Life CdTe PV Recycling with Semiconductor Refining
Creators: name: Sinha, P.
name: Cossette, M.
name: Ménard, J.-F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV - a Major Electricity Source
Sustainability Aspects

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4653-4656
description: End-of-life photovoltaic (PV) module recycling is important to the long-term sustainability of the PV industry with respect to managing large future waste volumes and conserving valuable raw materials. While the life cycle assessment of cadmium telluride (CdTe) PV module recycling has been previously described by Held (2009), this evaluation also considers the refining of recycled semiconductor material to semiconductor grade CdTe. End-of-life collection and recycling, including semiconductor refining, accounts for approximately 10% of the total life cycle carbon footprint and energy payback time of CdTe PV. Specifically, semiconductor refining accounts for approximately 20% of end-of-life impacts (or approximately 2% of total life cycle impacts), but also contributes to resource efficiency by allowing recycled semiconductor material to be reused in new CdTe PV modules. Currently, the fraction of recycled content in CdTe PV semiconductor material is small (approximately 6%) as most deployed modules have not yet reached end-of-life. In a future market projection (in 2050) in which new module production and end-of-life collection and
recycling volumes are more closely matched, the recycled semiconductor content in manufacturing new CdTe PV
modules is estimated to be over 60%. The high recycled semiconductor content will provide a significant future source of tellurium. Using a strict attributional approach, it will also reduce cadmium emissions to air in CdTe PV life cycles related to upstream zinc and copper refining, from which cadmium and tellurium are currently obtained as waste byproducts.
Energy Payback Time and Carbon Footprint of Elkem Solar Silicon®
Creators: name: Gløckner, R.
name: De Wild-Scholten, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV - a Major Electricity Source
Sustainability Aspects

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4661-4666
description: Elkem Solar has completed a life cycle assessment (LCA) study on the environmental footprint of
Elkem Solar Silicon® (ESS™) based on full scale commercial operation of plant #1 in Norway. The results from this
study verify the earlier results from the 2008 pilot plant study and show even lower energy usage and carbon footprint
due to a higher realised plant capacity.
In this study energy payback time (EPBT) and green-house gas (GHG) emissions for the 7500 MT per year
production capacity of plant #1 in Kristiansand is calculated using standard LCA methodology. For comparison
EPBT and GHG emissions for poly-silicon from a state-of-the-art Siemens process based on hydropower for
electricity and co-generation power plant for electricity and heat is calculated.
The results show that the EPBT and GHG emissions from production of ESS™ is a factor 3 to 4 lower than for
Siemens based poly-silicon. In fact, the energy pay-back time for the energy invested in the production of ESS™ is
only 1 month. The GHG emissions for ESS™ are estimated to approximately 10 kg CO2-eq/ kg ESS™ or ~1.4 g
CO2-eq / kWh at 1700 kWh/m2.year in-plane irradiation. For the calculations an average module efficiency of 14.3%
and a module expected lifetime of 30 years is used.
Recyclability Challenges in “Abundant” Material-Based Technologies
Creators: name: Anctil, A.
name: Fthenakis, V.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV - a Major Electricity Source
Sustainability Aspects

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4352-4358
description: Much current research in photovoltaic technology is directed towards using “abundant” base metals
like copper and zinc (e.g., CZTS or more recently CZTSSe) to overcome the the challenges of material scarcity
posed by the use of tellurium, indium, germanium, and gallium in current generation products (e.g., CdTe, CIGS, a-
Si/thin-film Si). The supply of these materials is limited because they are minor byproducts of the production of
copper, zinc, lead. and aluminum, so that their economic production inherently is linked to that of the base metals.
But, although the base metals currently are abundant, their reserves are not inexhaustible. In addition to concerns on
resource availability, the main sustainability metrics for large-scale PV growth are low cost and minimum
environmental impact. As the numbers of photovoltaic installations grow, greatly displacing traditional powergeneration
infrastructures, recycling will play an increasingly important role in managing their end-of-life fate, so
relieving pressure on the prices of critical materials. Identifying the potential issues in current technologies can help
implement a take-back- or recycling-program ahead of time. Our work explores the potential for material recycling of
various established commercial photovoltaic technologies, along with those under development. It sheds light on a
dimension of sustainability that has not been investigated before. Based on entropy analyses, documented by the
experience of recycling electronic products, we show that recycling some types of PV modules based on “abundant”
materials could be burdened by complexity and lack of value, thereby creating concerns about end-of-life
environmental impacts, and resource availability.
Additional file 3 of The relationship between disability and parental status: a register study of the 1968 to 1970 birth cohorts
Creators: name: Namatovu, Fredinah
name: Lundevaller, Erling Häggström
name: Vikström, Lotta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Hazard results of later having a first child for men that receive a disability benefit at 20–22 years of age in Sweden. Interaction between disability benefit and marriage. CHR = Crude Hazard Ratio; AOR = Adjusted Hazard Ratio; CI=Confidence Interval.
Cosmic Acceleration Data and Bulk-Brane Energy Exchange
Creators: name: Bogdanos, C.
name: Nesseris, S.
name: Perivolaropoulos, L.
name: Tamvakis, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a braneworld model with bulk-brane energy exchange. This allows for crossing of the w=-1 phantom divide line without introducing phantom energy with quantum instabilities. We use the latest SnIa data included in the Gold06 dataset to provide an estimate of the preferred parameter values of this braneworld model. We use three fitting approaches which provide best fit parameter values and hint towards a bulk energy component that behaves like relativistic matter which is propagating in the bulk and is moving at a speed v along the fifth dimension, while the bulk-brane energy exchange component corresponds to negative pressure and signifies energy flowing from the bulk into the brane. We find that the best fit effective equation of state parameter $w_{eff}$ marginally crosses the phantom divide line w=-1. Thus, we have demonstrated both the ability of this class of braneworld models to provide crossing of the phantom divide and also that cosmological data hint towards natural values for the model parameters.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, added comments, references updated
Flavor and CP conserving moduli mediated SUSY breaking in flux compactification
Creators: name: Choi, Kiwoon
name: Jeong, Kwang Sik
name: Okumura, Ken-Ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In certain class of flux compactification, moduli mediated supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking preserves flavor and CP at leading order in the perturbative expansion controlled by the vacuum expectation value of the messenger modulus. Nevertheless there still might be dangerous flavor or CP violation induced by higher order Kähler potential. We examine the constraints on such SUSY breaking scheme imposed by low energy flavor and/or CP violating observables. It is found that all phenomenological constraints can be satisfied even for generic form of higher order Kähler potential and sparticle spectra in the sub-TeV range, under plausible assumptions on the size of higher order correction and flavor mixing angles. This implies for instance that mirage mediation scheme of SUSY breaking, which involves such modulus mediation together with an anomaly mediation of comparable size, and also the modulus-dominated mediation realized in flux compactification can be free from the SUSY flavor and CP problems, while giving gaugino and sfermion masses in the sub-TeV range.
description: 27 pages; corrected typos, added references
Rainfall spatial predictions: a two-part model and its assessment
Creators: name: Scardovi, Elena <1987>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: SECS-S/01 Statistica

description: Spatial prediction of hourly rainfall via radar calibration is addressed. The change of support problem (COSP), arising when the spatial supports of different data sources do not coincide, is faced in a non-Gaussian setting; in fact, hourly rainfall in Emilia-Romagna region, in Italy, is characterized by abundance of zero values and right-skeweness of the distribution of positive amounts. Rain gauge direct measurements on sparsely distributed locations and hourly cumulated radar grids are provided by the ARPA-SIMC Emilia-Romagna. We propose a three-stage Bayesian hierarchical model for radar calibration, exploiting rain gauges as reference measure. Rain probability and amounts are modeled via linear relationships with radar in the log scale; spatial correlated Gaussian effects capture the residual information. We employ a probit link for rainfall probability and Gamma distribution for rainfall positive amounts; the two steps are joined via a two-part semicontinuous model. Three model specifications differently addressing COSP are presented; in particular, a stochastic weighting of all radar pixels, driven by a latent Gaussian process defined on the grid, is employed. Estimation is performed via MCMC procedures implemented in C, linked to R software. 
Communication and evaluation of probabilistic, point and interval predictions is investigated. A non-randomized PIT histogram is proposed for correctly assessing calibration and coverage of two-part semicontinuous models. Predictions obtained with the different model specifications are evaluated via graphical tools (Reliability Plot, Sharpness Histogram, PIT Histogram, Brier Score Plot and Quantile Decomposition Plot), proper scoring rules (Brier Score, Continuous Rank Probability Score) and consistent scoring functions (Root Mean Square Error and Mean Absolute Error addressing the predictive mean and median, respectively). Calibration is reached and the inclusion of neighbouring information slightly improves predictions. All specifications outperform a benchmark model with incorrelated effects, confirming the relevance of spatial correlation for modeling rainfall probability and accumulation.
Interplay between field-induced and frustration-induced quantum criticalities in the frustrated two-leg Heisenberg ladder
Creators: name: Ramakko, Brandon W.
name: Azzouz, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The antiferromagnetic Heisenberg two-leg ladder in the presence of frustration and an external magnetic field is a system that is characterized by two sorts of quantum criticalities, not only one. One criticality is the consequence of intrinsic frustration, and the other one is a result of the external magnetic field. So the behaviour of each of them in the presence of the other deserves to be studied. Using the Jordan-Wigner transformation in dimensions higher than one and bond-mean-field theory we examine the interplay between the field-induced and frustration-induced quantum criticalities in this system. The present work could constitute a prototype for those systems showing multiple, perhaps sometimes competing, quantum criticalities. We calculate several physical quantities like the magnetization and spin susceptibility as functions of field and temperature.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, submitted to the Canadian Journal of Physics
Finite representations of continuum environments
Creators: name: Zwolak, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding dissipative and decohering processes is fundamental to the study of quantum systems. An accurate and generic method for investigating these processes is to simulate both the system and environment, which, however, is computationally very demanding. We develop a novel approach to constructing finite representations of the environment based on the influence of different frequency scales on the system's dynamics. As an illustration, we analyze a solvable model of an optical mode decaying into a reservoir. The influence of the environment modes is constant for small frequencies, but drops off rapidly for large frequencies, allowing for a very sparse representation at high frequencies that gives a significant computational speedup in simulating the environment. This approach provides a general framework for simulating open quantum systems.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, updated to fix fonts
Performance Results from Micro-Cell Based HCPV RD&D Systems
Creators: name: Ghosal, K.
name: Burroughs, S.
name: Heuser, K.
name: Setz, D.
name: Garralaga Rojas, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 122-127
description: Semprius has a novel micro-cell based approach that addresses the cost, performance and reliability
requirements of High Concentration Photovoltaic (HCPV) systems. A design that has a geometric concentration ratio of
>1,100 Suns and 3-junction 0.36 mm2 micro-transfer printed cells is now complete. A module efficiency of 33.9% at a
DNI of 850 W/m2 and cell temperature of 25°C has been independently validated for this design by the Instituto de
Energia Solar at the Universidad Politecnica de Madrid (IES-UPM). This is the highest measured module efficiency for
any PV module, designed for commercial use. Several Research, Development and Demonstration (RD&D) systems have
been installed with these modules to collect early on-sun data and validate the technology. This paper presents module
characterization and on-sun system results from a 3.5 kWp RD&D system installed at ISFOC, Puertollano, Spain by
Semprius and Siemens. In addition, results from cleaning experiments and thermal performance of the system are
presented from another RD&D system in Tucson. Comparisons of the performance of the Tucson RD&D system with
co-located 1-axis Si and fixed-tilt Si systems are also presented.
QCD sum rules study of Ξ_c and Ξ_b baryons
Creators: name: Durães, Francisco O.
name: Nielsen, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use QCD sum rules to study the masses of the baryons $Ξ_c$ and $Ξ_b$. We work with a current where the strange and the light quarks are in a relative spin zero, at leading order in $α_s$. We consider the contributions of condensates up to dimension six. For $Ξ_b$ we get $m_{Ξ_{b}}= (5.75\pm 0.25) {\rm GeV}$, and for $Ξ_c$ we get $m_{Ξ_{c}}= (2.5\pm 0.2) {\rm GeV}$, both in excelent agreement with the experimental values. We also make predictions to the state $Ω_b(ssb)$ obtaining m_{Ω_{b}}= (5.82\pm 0.23) GeV.
description: revised version accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B. Includes a prediction to the state Omega_b(ssb)
Novel Screen Printing Technology to Make High-Aspect-Ratio Electrodes and to Fill a Paste Into a Hole for Metal-Wrap-Through (MWT)
Creators: name: Itoh, U.
name: Ushifusa, N.
name: Tokuhisa, H.
name: Yoshida, M.
name: Sumita, I.
name: Aoki, M.
name: Ohshita, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 825-827
description: We have developed a novel screen printing technology to make finger electrode with around 30μm
height after sintering by using single printing and reducing the bleeding from the edge of electrode. The emulsion
layer of screen mask is composed of double layers, hard layer with 30 μm thick and soft layer with 10 μm thick. This
structure prevents the bleeding of paste. The surface of the mask is coated by ADC with repellent character to organic
solvent containing in the Ag paste to prevent adherence of the paste to the mask. It allows to make the finger
electrode around 30 μm height. It suggests that novel screen mask does not require specific paste to make electrode
with high aspect ratio. We succeeded to fill the paste into the hole for MWT solar cell using novel screen printing
technology. Diameter of the hole from 60 μm to 200 μm was confirmed to fill the paste to the depth of 530 μm.
Assessing Various Industrial Emitter Isolation Techniques for MWT Cz Silicon Solar Cells – In Search of a Simple and Cost-Effective Process Flow
Creators: name: De Keersmaecker, K.
name: Nwofa, L.E.
name: Van Der Heide, A.
name: Mohanan, S.
name: Gribenski, D.
name: Borgers, T.
name: Ruythooren, W.
name: Szlufcik, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2039-2043
description: The Metal Wrap Through (MWT) cell architecture is a prime candidate for the next step in the race for
higher solar module efficiency but, like all new technology, it still has to pass the cost-per-watt-peak litmus test.
Process flow complexity and cost will be key factors for successful introduction into the market. In this work we look
at the isolation process as an opportunity for reducing the cost-per-watt-peak, and experimentally compare laser
groove versus wet chemical isolation, two industrially mature isolation technologies, by weighing their potential for
cost-effective industrialization in a process flow for Cz silicon MWT cells. We show that each isolation process can
produce equally good cells, but that they are faced with different challenges in respect to loss mechanisms, and that
process flows based on either isolation technique each have their merits and banes. We believe that the apparent
simplicity of wet chemical isolation seems to favor it over laser isolation for MWT process integration, offering the
opportunity of a simple upgrade to a standard Al-BSF production line.
Additional file 1 of Neonatal near misses and associated factors among mother’s who give a live neonate at Hawassa City governmental hospitals, 2019: a facility based cross-sectional study design
Creators: name: Anteneh Fikrie Tekola
name: Genet Baye
name: Amaje, Elias
name: Kebede Tefera
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. English version questionnaire.
A comparison of retained biomass anaerobic digester designs
Creators: name: Stephenson, Robert John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The principles behind anaerobic digestion are fairly well understood, but the limits of application of each digester design are not known. Because there are significant differences in the properties of the many wastewaters requiring treatment optimal anaerobic digester performance requires the matching of feed characteristics to a digester design and mode of operation. No consensus has yet emerged on digester design, operating conditions or feed/digester match-ups. In this study, three bench scale retained biomass anaerobic digester designs were examined for their response to a sequence of varied hydraulic retention times (HRTs) and influent wastewater concentrations. The digester designs studied were the upflow anaerobic filter, the upflow anaerobic expanded bed and the upflow anaerobic sludge bed. The wastewater was screened and diluted dairy cow manure obtained from the UBC dairy barn. The parameters monitored included the total and soluble chemical oxygen demand (TCOD and SCOD), volatile and suspended solids (VS and SS), total volatile fatty acids (VFAs), total Kjeldahl and ammonia nitrogen (TKN and NH₃-N), pH, biogas production, and the methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (C0₂) content of the biogas. Wastewater treatment efficiencies, measured in terms of TCOD, SCOD, VS, and TVFA removals, and methane productivity and methane yield for each of the digester designs were examined for the range of the operating conditions. The anaerobic filter digester effected a mean TCOD removal efficiency of 47% ± 14% at a mean 4.0 day HRT, 51% ± 9% at a mean 2.3 day HRT and 35% ± 11% at a mean 1.3 day HRT. The expanded bed digester effected a mean TCOD removal of 45% ± 15% at a mean 4.3 day HRT, 38% ± 12% at a mean 2.5 day HRT and 28% ± 9% at a mean 1.3 day HRT. The sludge bed digester effected a mean TCOD removal of 53% ± 9% at a mean 3.8 day HRT, 45% ± 12% at a mean 2.2 day HRT and 32% ± 10% at a mean 1.2 day HRT. For all three digesters, the difference in the treatment efficiency over the range of HRTs tested, from 5 to 1.25 days was not in proportion to the change in HRT. Methane productivity, measured against either the removal or addition of substrate in terms of TCOD, SCOD, VS and TVFA, demonstrated considerable variability. Methane production increased with both substrate addition and substrate removal. Methane yield increased with increasing HRT. The sludge bed digester generally exhibited the greatest but most variable methane yields. It produced 0.095 L CH₄/g VS added at a mean 3.8 day HRT and 0.037 L CH₄/g VS added at a mean 1.2 day HRT. The anaerobic filter delivered the greatest methane yield at the intermediate HRT, 0.044 L CH₄/g VS added at a mean 2.3 day HRT. The expanded bed demonstrated low methane yields over the range of feed strengths and HRTs tested. Biogas composition averaged 62.1% methane and 17.1% carbon dioxide for the anaerobic filter, 43.6% methane and 5.3% carbon dioxide for the expanded bed. and 61.1% methane and 18.9% carbon dioxide for the sludge bed.
Additional file 4 of The relationship between disability and parental status: a register study of the 1968 to 1970 birth cohorts
Creators: name: Namatovu, Fredinah
name: Lundevaller, Erling Häggström
name: Vikström, Lotta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Hazard results of later having a first child for women that receive a disability benefit at 20–22 years of age in Sweden. Interaction between disability benefit and marriage. CHR = Crude Hazard Ratio; AOR = Adjusted Hazard Ratio; CI=Confidence Interval.
Blueprint: Cyberinfrastructure Center of Excellence
Creators: name: Deelman, Ewa
name: Mandal, Anirban
name: Murillo, Angela P.
name: Nabrzyski, Jarek
name: Pascucci, Valerio
name: Ricci, Robert
name: Baldin, Ilya
name: Sons, Susan
name: Christopherson, Laura
name: Vardeman, Charles
name: da Silva, Rafael Ferreira
name: Wyngaard, Jane
name: Petruzza, Steve
name: Rynge, Mats
name: Vahi, Karan
name: Whitcup, Wendy R.
name: Drake, Josh
name: Scott, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In 2018, NSF funded an effort to pilot a Cyberinfrastructure Center of Excellence (CI CoE or Center) that would serve the cyberinfrastructure (CI) needs of the NSF Major Facilities (MFs) and large projects with advanced CI architectures. The goal of the CI CoE Pilot project (Pilot) effort was to develop a model and a blueprint for such a CoE by engaging with the MFs, understanding their CI needs, understanding the contributions the MFs are making to the CI community, and exploring opportunities for building a broader CI community. This document summarizes the results of community engagements conducted during the first two years of the project and describes the identified CI needs of the MFs. To better understand MFs' CI, the Pilot has developed and validated a model of the MF data lifecycle that follows the data generation and management within a facility and gained an understanding of how this model captures the fundamental stages that the facilities' data passes through from the scientific instruments to the principal investigators and their teams, to the broader collaborations and the public. The Pilot also aimed to understand what CI workforce development challenges the MFs face while designing, constructing, and operating their CI and what solutions they are exploring and adopting within their projects. Based on the needs of the MFs in the data lifecycle and workforce development areas, this document outlines a blueprint for a CI CoE that will learn about and share the CI solutions designed, developed, and/or adopted by the MFs, provide expertise to the largest NSF projects with advanced and complex CI architectures, and foster a community of CI practitioners and researchers.
A Quantitative Analysis of the Ignition Characteristics of Fine Iron Particles
Creators: name: Mi, Xiaocheng
name: Fujinawa, Aki
name: Bergthorson, Jeffrey M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ignition of iron particles in an oxidizing environment marks the onset of a self-sustained combustion. The objective of the current study is to quantitatively examine the ignition characteristics of fine iron particles governed by the kinetics of solid-phase iron oxidation. The oxidation rates are inversely proportional to the thickness of the oxide layer and calibrated using the experimentally measured growth of iron-oxide layers over time. Steady-state and unsteady analysis have been performed to probe the dependence of the critical gas temperature required to trigger a thermal runaway (namely, the ignition temperature $T_\mathrm{ign}$) on particle size, initial thickness of oxide layer, inert gas species, radiative heat loss, and the collective heating effect in a suspension of particles. Both analyses indicate that $T_\mathrm{ign}$ depends on $δ_0$, i.e., the ratio between the initial oxide layer thickness and particle size, regardless of the absolute size of the particle. The unsteady analysis predicts that, for $δ_0 \lesssim 0.003$, $T_\mathrm{ign}$ becomes independent of $δ_0$. Under standard conditions in air, $T_\mathrm{ign}$ is approximately 1080 K for any particle size greater than 5 microns. Radiative heat loss has a minor effect on $T_\mathrm{ign}$. The collective effect of a suspension of iron particles in reducing $T_\mathrm{ign}$ is demonstrated. The transition behavior between kinetic-controlled and external-diffusion-controlled combustion regimes of an ignited iron particle is systematically examined. The influences of initial oxide-layer thickness and particle temperature on the ignition delay time, $τ_\mathrm{ign}$, of iron particles are parametrically probed. A $d^2$-law scaling between $τ_\mathrm{ign}$ and particle size is identified.
title: Analyse der Customer Journey bei Logistikdienstleistungsunternehmen am Beispiel der cargopartner GmbH
Creators: name: Binder, Christian
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: customer journey
subject: Logistik
subject: touch points
subject: case study

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