cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Making Democracy the Priority in EU Economic Governance: Four Theses on the Foundations of the T-Dem Project
Creators: name: Crum, Ben
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: democratic deficit
subject: EU economic governance
subject: European Parliament
subject: Eurozone crisis
subject: interparliamentary coordination
subject: national Parliaments

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2018 3(1), 59-65
description: I. Introduction. - II. Democracy and economic reforms. - II.1. Democracy needs to take priority over effectiveness in Eurozone governance. - II.2. Disentangle democratization of the Eurozone from any particular policy program. - III. What kind of parliamentarization? - III.1. The parliamentarization of Eurozone governance requires an integrated approach. - III.2. Empower and refocus existing parliamentary institutions instead of creating new ones.
description: The T-Dem project of Hennette, Piketty, Sacriste and Vauchez puts the spotlight on, possibly, the main shortcoming of the flurry of recent Eurozone reforms: the lack of effective democratic controls. I offer a sympathetic comment on the initiative that goes to endorse and reinforce much of its intentions. However, I also raise two criticisms as I insist on the need to disentangle democratic reforms from any substantial policy proposals and advocate strengthening accountability relations between the present institutions rather than establishing a new Parliamentary Assembly for the Eurozone.
A New Hybrid Estimation Method for the Generalized Pareto Distribution
Creators: name: Chunlin Wang
name: Gemai Chen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology

description: ABSTRACTThe generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) is important in analysis of extreme values, especially in modelling exceedances over thresholds. Most of the existing methods for estimating the scale and shape parameters of the GPD suffer from theoretical and/or computational problems. A new hybrid estimation method is proposed in this paper, which minimizes a goodness-of-fit measure and incorporates some useful likelihood information. Compared with the maximum likelihood method and other leading methods, our new hybrid estimation method retains high efficiency, reduces the estimation bias, and is computation friendly.
Salmonella Typhimurium in the Australian Egg Industry: Multidisciplinary Approach to Addressing the Public Health Challenge and Future Directions
Creators: name: Chousalkar, Kapil K.
name: Sexton, Margaret
name: McWhorter, Andrea
name: Hewson, Kylie
name: Martin, Glen
name: Shadbolt, Craig
name: Goldsmith, Paul
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: In Australia, numerous egg related human Salmonella Typhimurium outbreaks have prompted significant interest amongst public health authorities and the egg industry to jointly address this human health concern. Nationwide workshops on Salmonella and eggs were conducted in Australia for egg producers and regulatory authorities. State and National regulators representing Primary Production, Communicable Disease Control, Public Health and Food Safety and Food Standards Australia and New Zealand. All attendees participated in discussions aimed at evaluating current evidence based information, issues related to quality egg production and how to ensure safe eggs in the supply chain, identifying research gaps and practical recommendations. The perceptions from egg producers and regulatory authorities from various states were recorded during the workshops. We presented the issues discussed during the workshops including Salmonella in the farm environment, Salmonella penetration across egg shell, virulence in humans, food/egg handling in the supply chain and intervention strategies. We also discussed the perceptions from egg producers and regulators. Recommendations placed emphasis on future research needs, communication between industry and regulatory authorities and education of food handlers. Communication between regulators and industry is pivotal to control egg borne S. Typhimurium outbreaks and collaborative efforts are required to design effective and appropriate control strategies.
Comparison of common platelet receptors between the chacma baboon (Papio ursinus) and human for use in pre-clinical human-targeted anti-platelet studies
Creators: name: Rensburg, Walter J. Janse Van
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Anti-platelet agents play a central part in the treatment and prevention of acute thrombotic events. Discriminating animal models are needed for the development of novel agents. The chacma baboon has been extensively used as a model to evaluate anti-platelet agents. However, limited data exist to prove the translatability of this species to humans. We aimed to determine the suitability of the chacma baboon in preclinical human targeted GPIIb/IIIa, GPIbα and P2Y12 studies. Light-transmission platelet aggregometry (LTA), whole blood impedance aggregometry, receptor number quantification and genomic DNA sequencing were performed. Baboon ADP and arachidonic acid-induced LTA aggregation results differed significantly from human values, even at increased concentrations. LTA ristocetin-induced agglutination was comparable between species, but baboon platelets needed twice the concentration of ristocetin to elicit a similar response. Citrated baboon blood had significantly less aggregation than humans when evaluated with impedance aggregometry. However, hirudinised baboon whole blood gave similar aggregation as humans at the same agonist concentrations. GPIIb, GPIIIa and GPIbα numbers were significantly more on the baboon platelets. None of the amino acids deemed vital for receptor function, ligand binding or receptor inhibition, were radically different between the species. However, a conservative change in a calcium-binding region of GPIIb may render the baboon platelets more sensitive to calcium-binding agents. The chacma baboon may be used for the evaluation of human-targeted GPIIb/IIIa-, GPIbα- and P2Y12-inhibiting agents. However, the best anticoagulant, optimal agonist concentrations, increase in receptor number and sequence differences must be considered for any future studies.
title: Comments on the Draft Treaty on the Democratization of the Governance of the Euro Area
Creators: name: Joerges, Christian
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: conditionality
subject: emergency
subject: technocracy
subject: economic cultures
subject: social acquis
subject: democratic politicisation

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2018 3(1), 75-81
description: I. The main concerns of the T-Dem initiative. - II. Europe in troubled waters. More Europe the solution? - III. No alternative?
description: With the benefit of hindsight, the multifaceted dimension and the since long creeping causes of Europe's constitutional misery are ever better explored. A rhapsody of well-minded proposals from the many quarters of European studies is available, and economists are providing us with recipes out of their technocratic toolkit. It is not by chance that lawyers seem un-able to act likewise after the deep transformations of Europe's constitutional constellation which European crisis politics has brought about and have been legalised by the Court of Justice in Pringle and Gauweiler. Even those among us who find these developments outrageous simply do not know how to defend the law's integrity. Precisely because of this background, my initial intuition after becoming aware of the Draft Treaty on the Democratization of the Governance of the Euro was an irritated che furbizia: they operate beyond European legal frames. Are they casting out the devil by Beelzebub? They are doing something else. The plea for a Draft Treaty on Democratization is much more than an exercise in elegant craftiness. In the following, I will underline three aspects: (I) the very clear and well-founded rejection of the present state of the Union; (II) the validity of the critique of Europe's supposed post-crisis "normalcy"; (III) the convergence of the multidisciplinary reasoning of the proposal with recent endeavours to re-write the political philosophy of the European Union; and (IV) the challenges of socio-economic divergence and the discrepancies of economic cultures within the Eurozone and the EU more generally.
title: Emergency Measures Against GMOs Between Harmonizing and De-harmonizing Trends: The Case Fidenato et al.
Creators: name: Corcione, Elena
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: precautionary principle
subject: genetically modified food and feed
subject: emergency measures
subject: Regulation 1829/2003
subject: Regulation 178/2002
subject: agriculture

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2018 3(1), 345-356
description: European Forum Insight of 19 March 2018
description: I. Introduction. - II. The context: normative framework and relevant precedents. - II.1. A focus on the EU normative framework on GMOs. - II.2. Setting the (high) standard of proof: the case Monsanto SAS. - III. The judgment. - III.1. Factual background. - III.2. AG Bobek's Opinion. - III.3. The findings of the Court of Justice. - IV. Comment.
description: This Insight comments on the preliminary ruling in the case Fidenato et al. (judgment of 13 September 2017, case C-111/16), in which the Court of Justice excluded that Member States may rely on the precautionary principle enshrined in Art. 7 of Regulation 178/2002 to adopt emergency measures against the cultivation of GMOs, pursuant to Art. 34 of Regulation 1829/2003. The judgment confirms the strict interpretation of the conditions to adopt such measures, already provided by the Court of Justice in the case Monsanto SAS (judgment of 8 September 2011, joined cases C-58/10 and C-68/10), and the will of the EU to maintain full control over the management of scientific risk related to GMOs. At the same time, the ruling calls for some reflections on GMOs regulation in the EU, which has recently undergone some major changes in the sense of leaving much more freedom to Member States to ban the cultivation of GMOs when non-scientific risks are at stake.
title: Between Rhetoric and Reality: Consensus on the UK's Role in Union External Action Post-Brexit?
Creators: name: Pedreschi, Luigi
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Brexit
subject: EU
subject: transition
subject: external action
subject: Draft Withdrawal Agreement
subject: UK

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2018 3(1), 465-466
description: European Forum Highlight of 16 March 2018
description: This Highlight compares the EU Commission's Draft Withdrawal Agreement with the UK's Draft Text for Discussion: Implementation Paper. Specifically, it compares the positions of each as they relate to the role of the UK in EU external action post-Brexit. What is demonstrated is that there is considerable consensus among the two documents as to what this role should be.
title: Beshkov or the Long Road to the Principle of Social Rehabilitation of Offenders
Creators: name: Rosanò, Alessandro
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Framework Decision 2008/675/JHA
subject: taking into account of previous convictions in the Member States of the European Union
subject: principle of social rehabilitation of offenders
subject: Beshkov
subject: Court of Justice
subject: International Covenants on Civil and Political Rights

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2018 3(1), 433-444
description: European Forum Insight of 19 March 2018
description: I. Introduction. - II. The relevant law, the facts, and the questions referred to the Court of Justice. - III. The opinion of AG Bot. - IV. The judgment. - V. Some thoughts on the principle of social rehabilitation of offenders in the case law of the Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights. - VI. Conclusion.
description: This Insight provides an analysis of the first preliminary ruling (Court of Justice, judgment of 21 September 2017, case C-171/16, Beshkov) concerning some provisions of the Council Framework Decision 2008/675/JHA of 24 July 2008 on taking account of convictions in the Member States of the European Union in the course of new criminal proceedings. The Court of Justice was asked: a) to interpret the concept of "criminal proceedings" within the meaning of the Framework Decision; b) to explain whether or not this expression had to be connected to a finding of guilt; c) to make clear whether the procedure for taking into account a previous conviction could be initiated only by the Member State or also by the convicted person; and d) to point out the consequences that taking into account previous convictions could have on the manner of execution of a foreign judgment. In this context, AG Bot recalled the notion of social rehabilitation of offenders as a principle inspiring the Framework Decision that should have been considered in order to answer at least one of the questions referred to the Court. As the Court did not take it into consideration, the purpose of this Insight is to identify a possible interpretative path the Court might follow to acknowledge the social rehabilitation of offenders as a general principle of EU law.
LUIZ RAMOS: A INFÂNCIA DE SUA ARTE E SUA HISTÓRIA ARTÍSTICA
Creators: name: Ed Carlos Alves de Santana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: O presente artigo é um pequeno relato da história e fluxo criativo do artista plástico autodidata, Luiz Ramos e a contribuição da suas experiências artísticas e estéticas vivenciadas em sua infância em Baixa Grande- Inhambupe - BA na sua formação como desenhista, pintor e ilustrador. Este escrito tem por objetivo mostrar a trajetória desse “Mestre“ da pintura Alagoinhense em suas buscas e inquietações plástico-visuais. O método cientifico de pesquisa utilizado foi a entrevista e visitas de ateliê.
title: Genuine Economic and Monetary Union Will Be Federal or It Will Not Be
Creators: name: Duff, Andrew
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Federal Government
subject: Treasury
subject: European Parliament
subject: European Commission
subject: EMU
subject: Eurozone

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2018 3(1), 67-73
description: I. Introduction. - II. Genuine EMU. - III. Wrong Method. - IV. Right Direction.
description: The main problem of Economic Monetary Union (EMU) is not a weakness of parliamentary control but the lack of a strong executive. A fiscal union needs a treasury, housed within the Commission. No new parliamentary assembly is required outside the European Parliament. And no new treaty should be agreed outside the EU framework.
Efficient multi-objective optimization through parallel surrogate-assisted local search with tabu mechanism and asynchronous option
Creators: name: Wang, Wenyu
name: Akhtar, Taimoor
name: Shoemaker, Christine A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Space Science
Medicine
Neuroscience
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Multi-objective optimization is challenging for computationally expensive objectives because most optimization methods rely on a large number of function evaluations to approach the Pareto-optimal front. To this end, this article develops a novel multi-objective optimization algorithm, the Multi-Objective Parallel Local Surrogate-assisted search (MOPLS) algorithm, which combines surrogate approximation and parallel computing. In each iteration, MOPLS incorporates a tabu mechanism to determine new points for expensive evaluations via a series of independent surrogate-assisted local searches. A master–worker architecture in MOPLS allows the algorithm to conduct either synchronous or asynchronous parallel processing. On a number of benchmark problems, MOPLS outperforms recent surrogate-assisted algorithms within a limited computational budget. Empirical results from parallel experiments indicate that MOPLS can significantly improve its efficiency through parallelism, and the asynchronous MOPLS shows advantages in handling objectives with non-constant evaluation times. Finally, the better performance of MOPLS over alternatives in calibrating a complex watershed simulation model demonstrates its competitiveness in solving real-world engineering applications.
Hierarchical and two-stage framework for the paced mixed-model assembly line balancing and sequencing problem considering ergonomic risk
Creators: name: Lin, Libin
name: Wei, Lijun
name: Liu, Ting
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Qin, Peihua
name: Leng, Jiewu
name: Zhang, Ding
name: Liu, Qiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Mental Health

description: Paced mixed-model assembly lines are popular with various manufacturing enterprises. However, they face the weakness that they are at risk of line stoppages owing to the occurrence of workstation work overload situations. Moreover, the consideration of workers' health and ergonomic risk on manual assembly lines is a necessity required by legislation. Therefore, this article addresses mixed-model assembly line balancing and sequencing taking the problem of ergonomic risk into consideration and manages work overloads using a side-by-side policy with utility workers. To solve these problems, this article proposes an hierarchical and two-stage framework. The optimization goals are to minimize the number of workstations and utility workers. Furthermore, this article integrates an iterated greedy algorithm into a genetics algorithm to obtain global exploration and local exploitation ability. Finally, a divide-and-conquer strategy is proposed to meet the challenge of solving a large-scale problem. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the mechanism proposed in this article.
A new hybrid estimation method for the generalized pareto distribution
Creators: name: Chunlin Wang
name: Gemai Chen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) is important in the analysis of extreme values, especially in modeling exceedances over thresholds. Most of the existing methods for estimating the scale and shape parameters of the GPD suffer from theoretical and/or computational problems. A new hybrid estimation method is proposed in this article, which minimizes a goodness-of-fit measure and incorporates some useful likelihood information. Compared with the maximum likelihood method and other leading methods, our new hybrid estimation method retains high efficiency, reduces the estimation bias, and is computation friendly.
title: A New Consensus on the UK’s Role in Union External Action Post-Brexit: Two Wins for…?
Creators: name: Pedreschi, Luigi
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Brexit
subject: EU
subject: UK
subject: withdrawal
subject: transition
subject: trade

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2018 3(1), 461-463
description: European Forum Highlight of 30 March 2018
description: This Highlight provides a brief overview of the changes to the UK’s role in external relations effected by the agreed Withdrawal Agreement released on 19 March 2018. It observes that the consensus described by this author in a previous Insight has changed significantly and questions the extent to which this change can be viewed as a victory for the UK.
Comparison of common platelet receptors between the chacma baboon (Papio ursinus) and human for use in pre-clinical human-targeted anti-platelet studies
Creators: name: Rensburg, Walter J. Janse Van
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry

description: Anti-platelet agents play a central part in the treatment and prevention of acute thrombotic events. Discriminating animal models are needed for the development of novel agents. The chacma baboon has been extensively used as a model to evaluate anti-platelet agents. However, limited data exist to prove the translatability of this species to humans. We aimed to determine the suitability of the chacma baboon in preclinical human targeted GPIIb/IIIa, GPIbα and P2Y12 studies. Light-transmission platelet aggregometry (LTA), whole blood impedance aggregometry, receptor number quantification and genomic DNA sequencing were performed. Baboon ADP and arachidonic acid-induced LTA aggregation results differed significantly from human values, even at increased concentrations. LTA ristocetin-induced agglutination was comparable between species, but baboon platelets needed twice the concentration of ristocetin to elicit a similar response. Citrated baboon blood had significantly less aggregation than humans when evaluated with impedance aggregometry. However, hirudinised baboon whole blood gave similar aggregation as humans at the same agonist concentrations. GPIIb, GPIIIa and GPIbα numbers were significantly more on the baboon platelets. None of the amino acids deemed vital for receptor function, ligand binding or receptor inhibition, were radically different between the species. However, a conservative change in a calcium-binding region of GPIIb may render the baboon platelets more sensitive to calcium-binding agents. The chacma baboon may be used for the evaluation of human-targeted GPIIb/IIIa-, GPIbα- and P2Y12-inhibiting agents. However, the best anticoagulant, optimal agonist concentrations, increase in receptor number and sequence differences must be considered for any future studies.
Scheming preventive maintenance assignments for mass rapid transit (MRT): Taoyuan Metro MRT system
Creators: name: Yan, Shang-Yao
name: Chen, Jieh-Haur
name: Utami, Andina Mugi
name: Young, Ting-Yo
name: Wei, Hsi-Hsien
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: Mass rapid transit (MRT) maintenance systems enable owners to make optimal decisions for site selection and preventive maintenance plans while considering the total operating costs. To ensure that the MRT planning system is effective, it is essential to construct a maintenance cost plan. This study implements the mathematical planning method to establish a comprehensive plan for route maintenance and preventive maintenance for the Taoyuan MRT based on the minimum total operating cost as the target, and meets the practical emergency repair time limit, site location distance and other relevant constraints. This study developed and evaluated novel heuristic algorithms with CPLEX software. Sensitivity analysis was also conducted to test the model’s effectiveness. The proposed model establishes the optimum maintenance cost and finds the critical parameters that affect overall cost within 1% error, maintaining service quality. The proposed model is an accurate tool for engineers to reduce time-consuming procedures.
A new hybrid estimation method for the generalized pareto distribution
Creators: name: Chunlin Wang
name: Gemai Chen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) is important in the analysis of extreme values, especially in modeling exceedances over thresholds. Most of the existing methods for estimating the scale and shape parameters of the GPD suffer from theoretical and/or computational problems. A new hybrid estimation method is proposed in this article, which minimizes a goodness-of-fit measure and incorporates some useful likelihood information. Compared with the maximum likelihood method and other leading methods, our new hybrid estimation method retains high efficiency, reduces the estimation bias, and is computation friendly.
title: The 'T-Dem' for Democratizing the Europe's Economic and Monetary Union - A Critical Appraisal
Creators: name: Brack, Nathalie
name: Costa, Olivier
name: Crespy, Amandine
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: T-Dem
subject: Euro area
subject: parliamentarism
subject: European Union
subject: assembly
subject: democracy

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2018 3(1), 45-57
description: I. Introduction. - II. An intergovernmental parliamentarisation of the Euro area. - III. A new economic Constitution. - IV. Two sets of practical issues. - V. Conclusion: dark matters and alternative paths.
description: The T-Dem is both important and welcome as it is more important than ever for scholars to engage with political debates, in a perspective that constructively puts forward both specific and ambitious reform proposals, designed to meet the acute challenges the EU is facing. We welcome that the four scholars take this seriously enough to propose an actual draft treaty. This gives some fresh air to the debate on the future of the EU and reminds us that treaties are not set in stone. The main thrust of the present commentary argues that the T-Dem goes far beyond its - admittedly central - proposal for the creation of an Assembly of the Euro area composed of national MPs. We argue that the T-Dem envisions a new parliamentary-intergovernmental political order, as well as a new economic constitution for the European Monetary Union composed of 19 of the 27 EU Member States. We try to assess the practical issues involved in the T-Dem especially in relation with the composition of the proposed new Assembly and the ratification process of the treaty. We try to anticipate the unintended but expected effects of the creation of a parliamentary assembly of the Euro area. We identify where the T-Dem could be further elaborated (the economic constitution dimension) and its main problem area (the relation between the new assembly and the European Parliament). Given the difficulties identified, we finally claim that the alternative consisting in empowering the European Parliament, is preferable.
Integrated rescheduling of train timetables and rolling stock circulation for metro line disturbance management: a Q-learning-based approach
Creators: name: Su, Boyi
name: Tang, Tao
name: Su, Shuai
name: Wang, Zhikai
name: Wang, Xuekai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Disturbance occurs inevitably on a metro line, resulting in train delays and low service quality. To improve the efficiency of disturbance management, this article investigates the integrated rescheduling problem of train timetable and rolling stock circulation. To balance service quality and operational cost, the considered problem is formulated as a multi-objective optimization model by capturing train operation processes as running arcs, dwell arcs and coming-out/back arcs based on the classical space–time network. For the purpose of improving computational efficiency, a Q-learning-based solution approach is proposed to derive a hierarchical policy for integrated rescheduling. The decisions on train timetable follow a lower-level policy that can be learned in the pre-training process, and the decisions on rolling stock circulation follow a higher-level policy that can be generated in the real-time planning process. Finally, two sets of numerical examples are carried out to evaluate the proposed method.
title: Brexit: The Impact on Judicial Cooperation in Civil Matters Having Cross-border Implications - A British Perspective
Creators: name: Crawford, Elisabeth B.
name: Carruthers, Janeen M.
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Brexit
subject: judicial cooperation in civil matters
subject: European Union (Withdrawal) Bill
subject: Scottish devolution
subject: Lugano II
subject: Hague Conference on Private International Law

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2018 3(1), 183-202
description: I. Introduction. - II. The Europeanisation programme. - III. The United Kingdom opt-in. - IV. The legislative background. - IV.1. The Brussels instruments. - IV.2. The Rome instruments. - V. Brexit. - V.1. Brexit: the political background. - V.2. The European Union (Withdrawal) Bill. - VI. The position of Scotland within the UK in the matter of private international law. - VI.1. The European Union (Withdrawal) Bill and the Scottish devolution settlement. - VII. The prospective regime: what should be the UK's aim? - VII.1. Unilateralism. - VII.2. Divergence. - VIII. A possible compromise solution: a bespoke UK/EU27 agreement. - VIII.1. The future role and jurisdiction of the CJEU. - IX. An alternative possible compromise solution: a Lugano II template. - IX.1. The role of the CJEU in the Lugano regime. - X. Failing UK/EU27 agreement... - XI. The Hague Conference on Private International Law.
description: Professors Crawford and Carruthers comment, from a British perspective, on the possible effects of Brexit upon European civil justice harmonisation measures, with particular reference to the Brussels I Recast, Brussels II bis, Rome I and Rome II Regulations.
A New Hybrid Estimation Method for the Generalized Pareto Distribution
Creators: name: Chunlin Wang
name: Gemai Chen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) is important in analysis of extreme values, especially in modelling exceedances over thresholds. Most of the existing methods for estimating the scale and shape parameters of the GPD suffer from theoretical and/or computational problems. A new hybrid estimation method is proposed in this paper, which minimizes a goodness-of-fit measure and incorporates some useful likelihood information. Compared with the maximum likelihood method and other leading methods, our new hybrid estimation method retains high efficiency, reduces the estimation bias, and is computation friendly.
title: A New Parliamentary Assembly for the Eurozone: A Wrong Answer to a Real Democratic Problem?
Creators: name: Lupo, Nicola
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: European Parliament
subject: Eurozone
subject: democracy
subject: European Union
subject: national Parliaments
subject: Assembly

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2018 3(1), 83-91
description: I. A crucial European debate. - II. The nature of the democratic problems of the European Union and the Eurozone. - III. Five limits of the proposed new Parliamentary Assembly.
description: The Overview aims to analyze merits and limits of the book Pour un traité de démocratisation de l'Europe (Seuil, Paris, 2017). In the first section, the author argues, in agreement with the theses presented in the first part of the book, that the facile formula of the "democratic deficit" is a misrepresentation of the real democratic problems of the EU institutional system. In the second part, the author takes issue with the proposal to establish a new parliamentary assembly for the Eurozone, composed of four fifth of national MPs delegated by national parliaments from the Eurozone and of one fifth of MEPs, formulated in a new "Draft treaty on the democratization of the governance of the Euro area" (T-Dem), and expounded in the second part of the book.
Práticas de Gestão de Pessoas em Pequenas e Médias Empresas: um instrumento para identificação de suas relações com as estratégias competitivas
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Ivano
name: Roglio, Karina De Déa
name: Junior, José Eduardo Pécora
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: É crescente o interesse de pesquisadores sobre o desenvolvimento das práticas de gestão de pessoas nas organizações. Contudo, poucos estudos têm explorado este tema em Pequenas e Médias Empresas (PMEs), sobretudo no contexto nacional. Existe uma convergência na literatura para o fato de que práticas adequadas de gestão de pessoas podem gerar maior vantagem competitiva para uma organização, seja por gerar maior agilidade em seus processos, melhoria da qualidade de produtos ou serviços, geração de novas competências e redução dos custos. Assim, este trabalho objetiva propor um instrumento de análise das influências das estratégias organizacionais sobre o desenvolvimento das práticas de gestão de pessoas utilizadas pelas PMEs. O instrumento se apóia no modelo de estratégias competitivas (MILES e SNOW, 1978; MINTZBERG et al., 2006; PORTER, 1986). As práticas de gestão de pessoas são abordadas pela perspectiva contingencial de acordo com Schuler e Jackson (1987; 1999) e Sans-Valle et al. (1999) e busca relacionar três estratégias genéricas: inovação, melhoria da qualidade e redução de custos, com cinco práticas tradicionais de gestão de pessoas: recrutamento e seleção, treinamento e desenvolvimento, avaliação de desempenho, remuneração e promoção.
title: Notes on the 'Draft Treaty on the Democratization of the Governance of the Euro Area'
Creators: name: Manzella, Andrea
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: national parliaments
subject: European Parliament
subject: Euro area
subject: interparliamentary cooperation
subject: Interparliamentary Conference ex Art. 13 Fiscal Compact

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2018 3(1), 93-102
description: I. Introduction. - II. Practice and proposals on interparliamentary cooperation following the approval of Art. 13 FC. - III. Criticism on the draft. - IV. Possible alternative solutions under the existing Treaty provisions. - V. Conclusion.
description: The Overview offers a critical appraisal the proposal put forward by the T-Dem to set up a Parliamentary Assembly for the Euro Area. It acknowledges the presence of a democratic problem in the democratic governance of the Economic and Monetary Union, in particular of a black hole in the net of the elective assemblies that are expected to ensure political representation in Europe. The Overview argues that to create a new parallel EU institution next to the European Parliament would make things more complicated rather than filling this gap. By contrast, to work for strengthening the already existent representative network, for example by revising the Rules of procedure of the European Parliament and the Parliament's relationship with the Interparliamentary Conference ex Art. 13 of the Fiscal Compact, may help build a better solution.
title: Freedom of Religion in the Workplace v. Freedom to Conduct a Business, the Islamic Veil Before the Court of Justice: Ms. Samira Achbita Case
Creators: name: Marín Aís, José Rafael
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: religious discrimination
subject: directive 2000/78
subject: fundamental rights
subject: direct and indirect discrimination
subject: Islamic headscarf
subject: freedom to conduct a business

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2018 3(1), 409-417
description: I. Introduction. - II. The facts of the case. - III. The right not to be discriminated on grounds of religion in the workplace v. freedom to conduct a business pursuing a policy of neutrality. - IV. Concluding remarks.
description: The Court of Justice ruled on 14 March 2017 an interesting judgment concerning the dismissal of Ms. Samira Achbita (case C‑157/15, Samira Achbita v. G4S Secure Solutions NV), a Muslim female, who had worked as a receptionist in the private sector. She was dismissed due to her refusal to stop wearing the Islamic headscarf according to an internal rule of the company aimed at establishing a neutral image through the ban of all visible political, religious, and philosophical symbols of its workers in contact with customers. The Court of Justice found that there was not direct discrimination on grounds of religion under Directive 2000/78 and it paved the way for the referring court in order to elucidate if there could have been indirect discrimination by means of the apparently neutral rule of the company.
title: The First Ever Interpretative Preliminary Ruling Concerning the Validity of an International Agreement Between EU Member States: The Achmea Case
Creators: name: Cimiotta, Emanuele
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: autonomy of EU law
subject: interpretative preliminary ruling
subject: declaration of invalidity
subject: national tribunal under Art. 267 TFEU
subject: BIT
subject: arbitration clause

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2018 3(1), 337-344
description: European Forum Insight of 17 May 2018
description: I. The facts of the case. - II. The judgment and its reasoning. - III. Some of the problems related to the scope and consequences of an interpretative preliminary ruling indirectly concerning the validity of an agreement between Member States. - IV. A few brief concluding remarks.
description: In its judgment of 6 March 2018, in Achmea (case C-284/16 [GC]), the CJEU for the first time ruled on the validity, in light of EU law, of an international agreement between Member States. The judgment raises several important legal questions. This Insight concentrates exclusively on those related to the concept of "tribunal" within the meaning of Art. 267 TFEU and the consequences of the declaration of invalidity contained therein.
"I Searched for a Religious Song in Amharic and Got Sexual Content Instead": Investigating Online Harm in Low-Resourced Languages on YouTube
Creators: name: Nigatu, Hellina Hailu
name: Raji, Inioluwa Deborah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Online social media platforms such as YouTube have a wide, global reach. However, little is known about the experience of low-resourced language speakers on such platforms; especially in how they experience and navigate harmful content. To better understand this, we (1) conducted semi-structured interviews (n=15) and (2) analyzed search results (n=9313), recommendations (n=3336), channels (n=120) and comments (n=406) of policy-violating sexual content on YouTube focusing on the Amharic language. Our findings reveal that -- although Amharic-speaking YouTube users find the platform crucial for several aspects of their lives -- participants reported unplanned exposure to policy-violating sexual content when searching for benign, popular queries. Furthermore, malicious content creators seem to exploit under-performing language technologies and content moderation to further target vulnerable groups of speakers, including migrant domestic workers, diaspora, and local Ethiopians. Overall, our study sheds light on how failures in low-resourced language technology may lead to exposure to harmful content and suggests implications for stakeholders in minimizing harm. Content Warning: This paper includes discussions of NSFW topics and harmful content (hate, abuse, sexual harassment, self-harm, misinformation). The authors do not support the creation or distribution of harmful content.
description: To appear in ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (ACM FAccT) 2024
Infrared spectroscopic and chemometric approach for identifying binding medium in Sukias mansion’s wall paintings
Creators: name: Haghighi, Zahra
name: Amir-Hossein Karimy
name: Karami, Farshad
name: Garmarudi, Amir Bagheri
name: Mohammadreza Khanmohammadi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: This paper addresses the application of infrared spectroscopy in combination with chemometrics to identify wall painting’s binding medium while employing pattern recognition techniques to process FTIR data-set of complex samples. In this regard, based on the historical documents and previous researches, firstly 56 standard samples were prepared to represent strata of Persian wall paintings in the Safavid period in addition to real historic samples from the case study; Sukias mansion. Then, each sample was analysed by the means of FTIR and chemometrics. Finally, SIMCA was applied to the whole region of studied IR spectra which predicted egg yolk as the binding medium of Sukias mansion samples.
title: Mapping the Scope of Application of EU Fundamental Rights: A Typology
Creators: name: Pirker, Benedikt
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: EU fundamental rights
subject: scope of application of EU fundamental rights
subject: Art. 51 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union
subject: scope of EU law
subject: EU competences
subject: EU Constitutional law

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2018 3(1), 133-156
description: I. Introduction. - II. The existing approaches and the reasons for a comprehensive typology. - III. The structure of the typology and the four Iida-criteria. - IV. The criterion of the density of EU regulation. - IV.1. Implementation of EU law by the Member States without discretion. - IV.2. Margins of discretion granted to the Member States by EU law. - IV.3. The implementation of EU law through procedures and sanctions established by the Member States. - IV.4. Minimum harmonization by EU law. - IV.5. Partly exercised EU competences. - IV.6. References in EU law to the regulation by means of national law. - IV.7. EU soft law. - IV.8. Member State action in areas outside of the scope of EU law. - IV.9. Charter Rights not addressed to the Member States. - V. The criterion of the character of the rule of national law. - VI. The criterion of the convergence of objectives. - VII. The criterion of the impact on EU law. - VIII. Conclusion.
description: A number of scholars have attempted to delineate the scope of application of EU fundamental rights with regard to the Member States. The present Articleaims to establish a particularly comprehensive typology of situations in which Member States are bound by EU fundamental rights. It is based on an extensive assessment of the CJEU's case law. Developing its own interpretation of the Court's criteria, theArticleestablishes a number of "clusters" of cases. At the same time, it shows the principles for the application of EU fundamental rights which can be observed in action. Some loose ends remain, however, that the Court is called to address.
title: The Danish Ajos Case: The Missing Case from Maastricht and Lisbon
Creators: name: Krunke, Helle
name: Klinge, Sune
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: horizontal relationships
subject: judicial dialogue
subject: constitutional reservations to Union law
subject: comparative legal analysis
subject: political implications

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2018 3(1), 157-182
description: I. Introduction and structure. - II. Brief account on Ajos. - II.1. The reference to the Court of Justice. - II.2. The reasoning of the Supreme Court. - III. Ajosin light of DSC's practise about accession to EU. - III.1. Background on the Danish constitutional context as regards review of constitutionality of legislation. - III.2. Analysis of case law: Maastrichtjudgment, Lisbonjudgment and Ajosjudgment. - III.3. Possible reasons for and scope of the development. - IV. Comparative analysis of the Ajoscase. - IV.1. Upholding legal certainty at a national level. - IV.2. Different approaches to the ongoing dialogue between national courts and the CJEU. - V. Concluding remarks.
description: In the Danish Ajos case the Danish Supreme Court rejected to follow the guidance from the Court of Justice. This Articlewill provide an analysis of the case and reflect on the implications on the European integration and the ongoing dialogue between the European Courts. We will also provide a background and an introduction to the Danish Constitutional Reservations to Union law and the scope and development of the case law regarding the accessions to the European Union treaties. It is considered; whether the Ajoscase was the "missing case" from the Lisbonjudgment. Furthermore, the case will be analysed from a comparative legal perspective relating it to developments seen by other constitutional courts, for instance the Italian Taricco IIcase and the German Honeywellcase both of which can be interpreted as more open toward Union law and European integration.