cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Separation of Propulsive and Adhesive Traction Stresses in Locomoting Keratocytes
Creators: name: Oliver, Tim
name: Jacobson, Ken
name: Dembo, Micah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Strong, actomyosin-dependent, pinching tractions in steadily locomoting (gliding) fish keratocytes revealed by traction imaging present a paradox, since only forces perpendicular to the direction of locomotion are apparent, leaving the actual propulsive forces unresolved. When keratocytes become transiently “stuck” by their trailing edge and adopt a fibroblast-like morphology, the tractions opposing locomotion are concentrated into the tail, leaving the active pinching and propulsive tractions clearly visible under the cell body. Stuck keratocytes can develop ∼1 mdyn (10,000 pN) total propulsive thrust, originating in the wings of the cell. The leading lamella develops no detectable propulsive traction, even when the cell pulls on its transient tail anchorage. The separation of propulsive and adhesive tractions in the stuck phenotype leads to a mechanically consistent hypothesis that resolves the traction paradox for gliding keratocytes: the propulsive tractions driving locomotion are normally canceled by adhesive tractions resisting locomotion, leaving only the pinching tractions as a resultant. The resolution of the traction pattern into its components specifies conditions to be met for models of cytoskeletal force production, such as the dynamic network contraction model (Svitkina, T.M., A.B. Verkhovsky, K.M. McQuade, and G.G. Borisy. 1997. J. Cell Biol. 139:397–415). The traction pattern associated with cells undergoing sharp turns differs markedly from the normal pinching traction pattern, and can be accounted for by postulating an asymmetry in contractile activity of the opposed lateral wings of the cell.
New species of Cumella (Crustacea: Cumacea: Nannastacidae) from mesophotic habitats of Mona Island, Puerto Rico, Caribbean Sea
Creators: name: PETRESCU, Iorgu
name: CHATTERJEE, Tapas
name: SCHIZAS, Nikolaos V.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2014

description: Two new species of the genus Cumella G.O. Sars, C. gurui and C. pagani are described from the mesophotic coral ecosystem of Mona island, Puerto Rico, Caribbean. Similarities and dissimilarities with related species are discussed.
Devil's staircase phase diagram of the fractional quantum Hall effect in the thin-torus limit
Creators: name: Rotondo, Pietro
name: Molinari, Luca Guido
name: Ratti, Piergiorgio
name: Gherardi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After more than three decades the fractional quantum Hall effect still poses challenges to contemporary physics. Recent experiments point toward a fractal scenario for the Hall resistivity as a function of the magnetic field. Here, we consider the so-called thin-torus limit of the Hamiltonian describing interacting electrons in a strong magnetic field, restricted to the lowest Landau level, and we show that it can be mapped onto a one-dimensional lattice gas with repulsive interactions, with the magnetic field playing the role of a chemical potential. The statistical mechanics of such models leads to interpret the sequence of Hall plateaux as a fractal phase diagram, whose landscape shows a qualitative agreement with experiments.
description: 5 pages main text, 11 pages supplementary, 2 figures
Infection of Anguilla anguilla by the parasite Anguillicoloides crassus in Portuguese brackish water systems
Creators: name: NETO, Ana Filipa
name: PASSOS, Diana
name: COSTA, José Lino
name: COSTA, Maria José
name: DOMINGOS, Isabel
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2014

description: Infection of the European eel, Anguilla anguilla, by the swimbladder nematode Anguillicoloides crassus was investigated in Portuguese brackish water systems. A total of 315 yellow eels was examined, revealing a prevalence of 30% and an intensity of 3.1 worms per swimbladder. Prevalence (P) values were higher in both estuarine systems studied: Tagus estuary (P = 42%) and Mira estuary (P = 55%) whereas the highest mean intensity (I) was found in Aveiro lagoon (I = 3.78 ± 1.96). Considering the entire sample, a mean swimbladder degenerative index (SDI) of 1.31 ± 1.23 was obtained. The proportion of eels per SDI class revealed that 67% of the swimbladders was damaged. Despite the lack of nematodes in eels from Óbidos lagoon, moderate injuries were observed in the swimbladder of 23% of the individuals captured. Overall, it seems that A. crassus infection is widely spread in Portuguese brackish water systems.
Explaining rural household financial health: Evidence from Kenya
Creators: name: Wandeda, Dickson Onyango
name: Ogalo, Harriet Tzindoli
name: Odima, Arthur
name: Wandeda, Dickson Onyango
name: Ogalo, Harriet Tzindoli
name: Odima, Arthur
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Financial Economics
subject: financial health
subject: binary model
subject: rural Kenya households

description: This paper uses binary logit model to estimate rural Kenya household financial health. The data used in this study are taken from Kenya financial access household survey 2019. The estimated results from logit model show that social-economic factors significantly explain rural Kenya financial health. Specifically, rural Kenya financial health is positively influenced by education level, wealth, joint financial decision, income, pension and national health insurance fund uptake. On the other hand, individuals who are low-income earners and are excluded from national health insurance fund and pension schemes are more likely to be financially unhealthy. Financial access, education level, wealth and joint financial decision significantly explains the variation in the financial health among women. Further, education level, wealth, financial decision, income, national health insurance fund uptake, and pension usage significantly contribute to the financial health of the youths. The study recommended increased financial access, literacy campaigns, universal health coverage among the households.
Integrin-Mediated Survival Signals Regulate the Apoptotic Function of Bax through Its Conformation and Subcellular Localization
Creators: name: Metcalfe, Anthony D.
name: Streuli, Charles H.
name: Gilmore, Andrew P.
name: Romer, Lewis H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Most normal cells require adhesion to extracellular matrix for survival, but the molecular mechanisms that link cell surface adhesion events to the intracellular apoptotic machinery are not understood. Bcl-2 family proteins regulate apoptosis induced by a variety of cellular insults through acting on internal membranes. A pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family protein, Bax, is largely present in the cytosol of many cells, but redistributes to mitochondria after treatment with apoptosis-inducing drugs. Using mammary epithelial cells as a model for adhesion-regulated survival, we show that detachment from extracellular matrix induced a rapid translocation of Bax to mitochondria concurrent with a conformational change resulting in the exposure of its BH3 domain. Bax translocation and BH3 epitope exposure were reversible and occurred before caspase activation and apoptosis. Pp125FAK regulated the conformation of the Bax BH3 epitope, and PI 3-kinase and pp60src prevented apoptosis induced by defective pp125FAK signaling. Our results provide a mechanistic connection between integrin-mediated adhesion and apoptosis, through the kinase-regulated subcellular distribution of Bax.
Nischarin, a Novel Protein That Interacts with the Integrin α5 Subunit and Inhibits Cell Migration
Creators: name: Alahari, Suresh K.
name: Lee, Jung Weon
name: Juliano, Rudy L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Integrins have been implicated in key cellular functions, including cytoskeletal organization, motility, growth, survival, and control of gene expression. The plethora of integrin α and β subunits suggests that individual integrins have unique biological roles, implying specific molecular connections between integrins and intracellular signaling or regulatory pathways. Here, we have used a yeast two-hybrid screen to identify a novel protein, termed Nischarin, that binds preferentially to the cytoplasmic domain of the integrin α5 subunit, inhibits cell motility, and alters actin filament organization. Nischarin is primarily a cytosolic protein, but clearly associates with α5β1, as demonstrated by coimmunoprecipitation. Overexpression of Nischarin markedly reduces α5β1-dependent cell migration in several cell types. Rat embryo fibroblasts transfected with Nischarin constructs have “basket-like” networks of peripheral actin filaments, rather than typical stress fibers. These observations suggest that Nischarin might affect signaling to the cytoskeleton regulated by Rho-family GTPases. In support of this, Nischarin expression reverses the effect of Rac on lamellipodia formation and selectively inhibits Rac-mediated activation of the c-fos promoter. Thus, Nischarin may play a negative role in cell migration by antagonizing the actions of Rac on cytoskeletal organization and cell movement.
BENTHIC BIONOMY OF THE NORTH AEGEAN SEA .3. A COMPARISON OF THE MACROBENTHIC ANIMAL ASSEMBLAGES ASSOCIATED WITH 7 SPONGE SPECIES
Creators: name: Koukouras, A.
name: Voultsiadoukoukoura, E.
name: Chintiroglou, H.
name: Dounas, C.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1985

Abstract
An artificial Rb atom in a semiconductor with lifetime-limited linewidth
Creators: name: Jahn, Jan-Philipp
name: Munsch, Mathieu
name: Béguin, Lucas
name: Kuhlmann, Andreas V.
name: Renggli, Martina
name: Huo, Yongheng
name: Ding, Fei
name: Trotta, Rinaldo
name: Reindl, Marcus
name: Schmidt, Oliver G.
name: Rastelli, Armando
name: Treutlein, Philipp
name: Warburton, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results important for the creation of a best-of-both-worlds quantum hybrid system consisting of a solid-state source of single photons and an atomic ensemble as quantum memory. We generate single photons from a GaAs quantum dot (QD) frequency-matched to the Rb D2-transitions and then use the Rb transitions to analyze spectrally the quantum dot photons. We demonstrate lifetime-limited QD linewidths (1.48 GHz) with both resonant and non-resonant excitation. The QD resonance fluorescence in the low power regime is dominated by Rayleigh scattering, a route to match quantum dot and Rb atom linewidths and to shape the temporal wave packet of the QD photons. Noise in the solid-state environment is relatively benign: there is a blinking of the resonance fluorescence at MHz rates but negligible upper state dephasing of the QD transition. We therefore establish a close-to-ideal solid-state source of single photons at a key wavelength for quantum technologies.
(3831) Jane[t] E[dith?] Kerr Duff
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Online appendix for: Hybridization and transgressive evolution as drivers of adaptive radiations: Reticulate evolution generates diversity in the Puerto Rican Anolis lizards
Creators: name: Wogan, Guinevere
name: Yuan, Michael
name: Mahler, Luke
name: Wang, Ian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: introgression
Reticulation
phylogenetic network
Multispecies network coalescent
transgressive segregation
phenotypic evolution
syngameon
adaptive radiation

description: Interspecific hybridization may act as a major force contributing to the evolution of biodiversity. Although generally thought to reduce or constrain divergence between two species, hybridization can, paradoxically, promote divergence by increasing genetic variation or providing novel combinations of alleles that selection can act upon to move lineages toward new adaptive peaks. Hybridization may, then, play a key role in adaptive radiation by allowing lineages to diversify into new ecological space. Here, we test for signatures of historical hybridization in the Anolis lizards of Puerto Rico and evaluate two hypotheses for the role of hybridization in facilitating adaptive radiation – the hybrid swarm origins hypothesis and the syngameon hypothesis. Using whole genome sequences from all ten species of Puerto Rican anoles, we calculated D and f-statistics (from ABBA-BABA tests) to test for introgression across the radiation and employed multispecies network coalescent methods to reconstruct phylogenetic networks that allow for hybridization. We then analyzed morphological data for these species to test for patterns consistent with transgressive evolution, a phenomenon in which the trait of a hybrid lineage is found outside of the range of its two parents. Our analyses uncovered strong evidence for introgression at multiple stages of the radiation, including support for an ancient hybrid origin of a clade comprising half of the extant Puerto Rican anole species. Moreover, we detected significant signals of transgressive evolution for two ecologically-important traits, head length and toepad width, the latter of which has been described as a key innovation in Anolis.
description: Funding provided by: National Science Foundation
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001
Award Number: 1542534
description: We collected whole genome sequences from species of Puerto Rican Anolis lizards. From the resulting data, we inferred gene trees using RAxML and a species tree using ASTRAL. We then calculated D and f-statistics (from ABBA-BABA tests) to test for introgression across the Puerto Rican Anolis radiation and employed multispecies network coalescent methods (SNaQ, PhyloNet, and NANUQ) to reconstruct phylogenetic networks that allow for hybridization. We examined modes of speciation using likelihood ratio tests of speciation with gene flow. Finally, we reconstructed ancestral states for ecologically-important traits under a Brownian motion model on phylogenetic networks implemented in PhyloNetworks and then tested for transgressive evolution in these traits.
(3832) Violet Winifred Duff
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Diet of Scorpaena porcus and Scorpaena notata (Pisces: Scorpaenidae) in the western Mediterranean
Creators: name: MORTE, Salomé
name: REDON, Manuel J.
name: SANZ-BRAU, Antonio
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2001

description: Food preferences of 230 Scorpaena porcus and 576 S. notata were investigated from the stomach contents of fish
 caught in the Gulf of Valencia (Spain), between October 1991 and October 1994. Our aim was to study the effects of predator
 size and season on the feeding habits of both species, the existence of a possible dietary overlap between species, and to
 compare our results with those of other studies in the Mediterranean. Crustacea Decapoda constituted the preferential prey
 of both fish species, whereas Amphipoda were secondary prey. However, these two scorpaenids had different diets, shown
 by the prey species composition of the stomach contents. Scorpaena notata had a more diverse diet (67 different species)
 than S. porcus (44 different species). The vacuity index was low for both species, although it varied significantly over the
 year, with a maximum during the reproductive period. Little variation was found in the food composition of different
S. porcus size groups: brachyura dominated in number and occurrence in the diet of all size classes. A variation was found
 in the food composition of different S. notata size groups: the frequency of occurrence of reptantia and brachyura increased
 with increasing S. notata size, whereas the frequency of amphipods, mysids, isopods, and copepods decreased. In both
 species, seasonal dietary changes were also recorded. There was a moderate dietary overlap between these two species.
What is the Right Policy-mix for Macroeconomic Stabilization in Tanzania?
Creators: name: Mwamkonko, Mussa Ally
name: Mwamkonko, Mussa Ally
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: fiscal policy
subject: monetary policy
subject: policy-mix
subject: macroeconomic stability
subject: Tanzania

description: The purpose of this paper was to find out the right policy-mix for macroeconomic stabilization in Tanzania. The paper employed the co-integration and error correction modeling approach to analyze the interaction effects of fiscal and monetary policies on macroeconomic stability. The results show that fiscal and monetary expansion characterized by high government expenditure and high broad money supply deteriorates macroeconomic stability, but fiscal and monetary expansion characterized by low tax buoyancy and low interest rate enhances macroeconomic stability. The results further indicate that fiscal and monetary tightening characterized by low government expenditure coupled with low broad money supply strengthens macroeconomic stability, but fiscal and monetary tightening characterized by high tax buoyancy and high interest rate weakens macroeconomic stability. Furthermore, the results reveal that fiscal expansion and monetary contraction characterized by high government expenditure and high interest rate improves macroeconomic stability, but fiscal expansion and monetary contraction characterized by low tax buoyancy accompanied by low broad money supply dampens macroeconomic stability. Moreover, the results show that fiscal contraction and monetary expansion characterized by low government expenditure and low interest rate impairs macroeconomic stability, but fiscal contraction and monetary expansion characterized by high tax buoyancy coupled with high broad money supply drives macroeconomic stability. Lastly and more importantly, the study found that out of all policy-mix options and strategies under investigation, the right policy-mix is fiscal contraction and monetary expansion characterized by high tax buoyancy and high broad money supply. The policy implication of the findings is that in order to stabilize macroeconomic environment in Tanzania, fiscal and monetary authorities have to widen both tax base and monetary base.
Cytoplasmic dynein/dynactin drives kinetochore protein transport to the spindle poles and has a role in mitotic spindle checkpoint inactivation
Creators: name: Farrar, E. M.
name: Canman, J. C.
name: Rieder, C. L.
name: Howell, B. J.
name: Salmon, E. D.
name: McEwen, B. F.
name: Hoffman, D. B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: We discovered that many proteins located in the kinetochore outer domain, but not the inner core, are depleted from kinetochores and accumulate at spindle poles when ATP production is suppressed in PtK1 cells, and that microtubule depolymerization inhibits this process. These proteins include the microtubule motors CENP-E and cytoplasmic dynein, and proteins involved with the mitotic spindle checkpoint, Mad2, Bub1R, and the 3F3/2 phosphoantigen. Depletion of these components did not disrupt kinetochore outer domain structure or alter metaphase kinetochore microtubule number. Inhibition of dynein/dynactin activity by microinjection in prometaphase with purified p50 “dynamitin” protein or concentrated 70.1 anti-dynein antibody blocked outer domain protein transport to the spindle poles, prevented Mad2 depletion from kinetochores despite normal kinetochore microtubule numbers, reduced metaphase kinetochore tension by 40%, and induced a mitotic block at metaphase. Dynein/dynactin inhibition did not block chromosome congression to the spindle equator in prometaphase, or segregation to the poles in anaphase when the spindle checkpoint was inactivated by microinjection with Mad2 antibodies. Thus, a major function of dynein/dynactin in mitosis is in a kinetochore disassembly pathway that contributes to inactivation of the spindle checkpoint.
Characteristics of hybrid compact stars with a sharp hadron-quark interface
Creators: name: Alford, Mark G.
name: Han, Sophia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe two aspects of the physics of hybrid stars that have a sharp interface between a core of quark matter and a mantle of nuclear matter. Firstly, we analyze the mass-radius relation. We describe a generic "Constant Speed of Sound" (CSS) parameterization of the quark matter equation of state (EoS), in which the speed of sound is independent of density. In terms of the three parameters of the CSS EoS we obtain the phase diagram of possible forms of the hybrid star mass-radius relation, and we show how observational constraints on the maximum mass and typical radius of neutron stars can be expressed as constraints on the CSS parameters. Secondly, we propose a mechanism for the damping of density oscillations, including r-modes, in hybrid stars with a sharp interface. The dissipation arises from the periodic conversion between quark matter and nuclear matter induced by the pressure oscillations in the star. We find the damping grows nonlinearly with the amplitude of the oscillation and is powerful enough to saturate an r-mode at very low saturation amplitude, of order $10^{-10}$, which is compatible with currently-available observations of neutron star spin frequencies and temperatures.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures. Published version
A Short Survey on Arithmetic Transforms and the Arithmetic Hartley Transform
Creators: name: Cintra, R. J.
name: de Oliveira, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42Bxx, 65Txx

description: Arithmetic complexity has a main role in the performance of algorithms for spectrum evaluation. Arithmetic transform theory offers a method for computing trigonometrical transforms with minimal number of multiplications. In this paper, the proposed algorithms for the arithmetic Fourier transform are surveyed. A new arithmetic transform for computing the discrete Hartley transform is introduced: the Arithmetic Hartley transform. The interpolation process is shown to be the key element of the arithmetic transform theory.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
(3827) Mary Davis
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: A moment of weakness: The anomalous geomagnetic field in the Ediacaran period
Creators: name: Thallner, Daniele
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2022

description: Long-term variations in geomagnetic field behaviour can contain essential information on deep Earth processes. A major topic of debate has been the age of the onset of Earth’s inner core nucleation, as uncertainty in the value of thermal conductivity of the core allows for a wide range in age estimates. Recently, an inner core age in the late Ediacaran period (635-538 Ma) has been inferred from an ultra-weak palaeointensity estimate at 565 Ma. Palaeomagnetic investigations using rocks from this time are known to give anomalous results and show ambiguous apparent polar wander paths in a hyper-reversing field. To date, a full characterisation of the geomagnetic field at that time has been prevented by a lack of field strength estimates. The studies presented in this thesis add 27 new and reliable field strength estimates between 0.31 ± 0.11 and 2.25 ± 0.39 ×10^22Am^2 to the record. These exceptionally weak estimates were obtained from rocks of the Grenville dykes (Canada), the Skinner Cove Formation (Newfoundland) and the Volyn traps (Ukraine). These cover the time period between 550 - 600 Ma and suggest that the geomagnetic field has been remarkably weak over a much longer time period than previously seen from palaeointensity data and starts to increase in strength at the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition, as suggested by less chaotic palaeomagnetic directions. These results could correspond to considerably lower field strengths predicted by geodynamo simulations for fields with low dipolarity before the onset of inner core nucleation. However, the context of these extremely weak palaeointensities is still unclear, as field strengths are still mostly unexplored for the time periods that surround the Ediacaran, highlighting the ubiquitous need for additional high quality palaeointensity data. New estimates of VGP dispersion and dipole moment variance for the Ediacaran were calculated using filtered data from the literature combined with the new data from this thesis. These estimates, although based on a low number of data, suggest enhanced palaeosecular variation in the Ediacaran compared to other time periods. With the high reversal frequencies, the field might have been in a transitional state throughout the Ediacaran and none of the currently available geodynamo model solutions was able to capture the full range of the unique Ediacaran field behaviour.
Reproduction and growth in the lesser-spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula (Elasmobranchii; Scyliorhinidae), from the west coast of Ireland
Creators: name: HENDERSON, Aaron C.
name: CASEY, Áine
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2001

description: The reproductive biology and von Bertalanffy growth parameters were investigated in lesser-spotted dogfish from
 the west coast of Ireland. The length at 50% maturity was similar for both sexes, occurring at 57.5 cm in males and at 58.1
 cm in females. Age at maturity was estimated as six years. The number of oocytes displayed a marked seasonal cycle, which
 was lowest in March, and highest in November. Observations on maximum oocyte diameter indicate that ovulation occurs
 at 1.7 – 1.8 cm, and oocytes of this diameter were recorded throughout the study. Additionally, females with egg-cases in
 utero were also observed throughout the year, indicating a protracted breeding season, although peak egg-laying occurred in
 May, and was minimal in October. Gonad indices indicated that the male and female gonadal cycles were not synchronous,
 supporting the idea that females store spermatozoa. Based on this and previous studies, it appears that there are geographical
 variations in certain aspects of the reproductive biology. Vertebral bands were enhanced using an acid decalcification
 technique, and for the purpose of the study, bands were assumed to be annual in nature. The von Bertalanffy equation was
 estimated as lt = 82.7(1– e-0.15(t + 1.36)), and was similar to a length-frequency generated equation calculated for dogfish in
 Spanish waters.
Luminosity goals for a 100-TeV pp collider
Creators: name: Hinchliffe, Ian
name: Kotwal, Ashutosh
name: Mangano, Michelangelo L.
name: Quigg, Chris
name: Wang, Lian-Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider diverse examples of science goals that provide a framework to assess luminosity goals for a future 100-TeV proton-proton collider.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures. Discussion white paper, arising from the programme on "The future of high energy physics", January 5-30, 2015, Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,
Yeast Cdc42 functions at a late step in exocytosis, specifically during polarized growth of the emerging bud
Creators: name: Moskow, John J.
name: Lew, Daniel J.
name: Viterbo, Domenic
name: Gladfelter, Amy S.
name: Adamo, Joan E.
name: Brennwald, Patrick J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: The Rho family GTPase Cdc42 is a key regulator of cell polarity and cytoskeletal organization in eukaryotic cells. In yeast, the role of Cdc42 in polarization of cell growth includes polarization of the actin cytoskeleton, which delivers secretory vesicles to growth sites at the plasma membrane. We now describe a novel temperature-sensitive mutant, cdc42-6, that reveals a role for Cdc42 in docking and fusion of secretory vesicles that is independent of its role in actin polarization. cdc42-6 mutants can polarize actin and deliver secretory vesicles to the bud, but fail to fuse those vesicles with the plasma membrane. This defect is manifested only during the early stages of bud formation when growth is most highly polarized, and appears to reflect a requirement for Cdc42 to maintain maximally active exocytic machinery at sites of high vesicle throughput. Extensive genetic interactions between cdc42-6 and mutations in exocytic components support this hypothesis, and indicate a functional overlap with Rho3, which also regulates both actin organization and exocytosis. Localization data suggest that the defect in cdc42-6 cells is not at the level of the localization of the exocytic apparatus. Rather, we suggest that Cdc42 acts as an allosteric regulator of the vesicle docking and fusion apparatus to provide maximal function at sites of polarized growth.
Analysis of oxysterol binding protein homologue Kes1p function in regulation of Sec14p-dependent protein transport from the yeast Golgi complex
Creators: name: Marchena, Jennifer
name: Rivas, Marcos P.
name: Li, Xinmin
name: Prestwich, Glenn D.
name: Mehrotra, Bharat
name: Fang, Min
name: Bankaitis, Vytas A.
name: Li, Feng
name: Chaudhary, Anu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Oxysterol binding proteins (OSBPs) comprise a large conserved family of proteins in eukaryotes. Their ubiquity notwithstanding, the functional activities of these proteins remain unknown. Kes1p, one of seven members of the yeast OSBP family, negatively regulates Golgi complex secretory functions that are dependent on the action of the major yeast phosphatidylinositol/phosphatidylcholine Sec14p. We now demonstrate that Kes1p is a peripheral membrane protein of the yeast Golgi complex, that localization to the Golgi complex is required for Kes1p function in vivo, and that targeting of Kes1p to the Golgi complex requires binding to a phosphoinositide pool generated via the action of the Pik1p, but not the Stt4p, PtdIns 4-kinase. Localization of Kes1p to yeast Golgi region also requires function of a conserved motif found in all members of the OSBP family. Finally, we present evidence to suggest that Kes1p may regulate adenosine diphosphate-ribosylation factor (ARF) function in yeast, and that it may be through altered regulation of ARF that Kes1p interfaces with Sec14p in controlling Golgi region secretory function.
(3829) james Roberts Cairns
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
CD46 is phosphorylated at tyrosine 354 upon infection of epithelial cells by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Creators: name: Lee, Shaun W.
name: Bonnah, Robert A.
name: So, Magdalene
name: Milgram, Sharon L.
name: Atkinson, John P.
name: Higashi, Dustin L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: The Neisseria type IV pilus promotes bacterial adhesion to host cells. The pilus binds CD46, a complement-regulatory glycoprotein present on nucleated human cells (Källström et al., 1997). CD46 mutants with truncated cytoplasmic tails fail to support bacterial adhesion (Källström et al., 2001), suggesting that this region of the molecule also plays an important role in infection. Here, we report that infection of human epithelial cells by piliated Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) leads to rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of CD46. Studies with wild-type and mutant tail fusion constructs demonstrate that Src kinase phosphorylates tyrosine 354 in the Cyt2 isoform of the CD46 cytoplasmic tail. Consistent with these findings, infection studies show that PP2, a specific Src family kinase inhibitor, but not PP3, an inactive variant of this drug, reduces the ability of epithelial cells to support bacterial adhesion. Several lines of evidence point to the role of c-Yes, a member of the Src family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases, in CD46 phosphorylation. GC infection causes c-Yes to aggregate in the host cell cortex beneath adherent bacteria, increases binding of c-Yes to CD46, and stimulates c-Yes kinase activity. Finally, c-Yes immunoprecipitated from epithelial cells is able to phosphorylate the wild-type Cyt2 tail but not the mutant derivative in which tyrosine 354 has been substituted with alanine. We conclude that GC infection leads to rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of the CD46 Cyt2 tail and that the Src kinase c-Yes is involved in this reaction. Together, the findings reported here and elsewhere strongly suggest that pilus binding to CD46 is not a simple static process. Rather, they support a model in which pilus interaction with CD46 promotes signaling cascades important for Neisseria infectivity.
Reduced sensitivity to charge noise in semiconductor spin qubits via symmetric operation
Creators: name: Reed, M. D.
name: Maune, B. M.
name: Andrews, R. W.
name: Borselli, M. G.
name: Eng, K.
name: Jura, M. P.
name: Kiselev, A. A.
name: Ladd, T. D.
name: Merkel, S. T.
name: Milosavljevic, I.
name: Pritchett, E. J.
name: Rakher, M. T.
name: Ross, R. S.
name: Schmitz, A. E.
name: Smith, A.
name: Wright, J. A.
name: Gyure, M. F.
name: Hunter, A. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate improved operation of exchange-coupled semiconductor quantum dots by substantially reducing the sensitivity of exchange operations to charge noise. The method involves biasing a double-dot symmetrically between the charge-state anti-crossings, where the derivative of the exchange energy with respect to gate voltages is minimized. Exchange remains highly tunable by adjusting the tunnel coupling. We find that this method reduces the dephasing effect of charge noise by more than a factor of five in comparison to operation near a charge-state anti-crossing, increasing the number of observable exchange oscillations in our qubit by a similar factor. Performance also improves with exchange rate, favoring fast quantum operations.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Le memorie di educazione familiare: voci, autobiografie, suoni e immagini. Prospettive di ricerca
Creators: name: Macinai, Emiliano
name: Oliviero, Stefano
Publisher: name: Rivista Italiana di Educazione Familiare
Year: 2017

description: The paper introduces the thematic session of the current volume of RIEF, no. 1/2017, which is dedicated to the memories of family education. Oral and Visual History found especially in recent years “citizenship” also in the historical-educational field, at national and international level. The most recent prospects of historical research are actually moving towards the use of voices, sounds and images for the reconstruction of the transformation of individual and collective identity processes, in public and private everyday contexts, and also through the collective vision. Families, family relationships and cultures, and the universe of intergenerational relations as well are fields of research that can be enriched by the use of this type of sources.
description: Rivista Italiana di Educazione Familiare, n° 1 gennaio-giugno 2017
(3826) Thomas Ray Cavaghan
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Dual role for phosphoinositides in regulation of yeast and mammalian phospholipase D enzymes
Creators: name: Morris, Andrew J.
name: Sciorra, Vicki A.
name: McLaughlin, Stuart
name: Rudge, Simon A.
name: Engebrecht, Jo Anne
name: Wang, Jiyao
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Phospholipase D (PLD) generates lipid signals that coordinate membrane trafficking with cellular signaling. PLD activity in vitro and in vivo is dependent on phosphoinositides with a vicinal 4,5-phosphate pair. Yeast and mammalian PLDs contain an NH2-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain that has been speculated to specify both subcellular localization and regulation of PLD activity through interaction with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI[4,5]P2). We report that mutation of the PH domains of yeast and mammalian PLD enzymes generates catalytically active PI(4,5)P2-regulated enzymes with impaired biological functions. Disruption of the PH domain of mammalian PLD2 results in relocalization of the protein from the PI(4,5)P2-containing plasma membrane to endosomes. As a result of this mislocalization, mutations within the PH domain render the protein unresponsive to activation in vivo. Furthermore, the integrity of the PH domain is vital for yeast PLD function in both meiosis and secretion. Binding of PLD2 to model membranes is enhanced by acidic phospholipids. Studies with PLD2-derived peptides suggest that this binding involves a previously identified polybasic motif that mediates activation of the enzyme by PI(4,5)P2. By comparison, the PLD2 PH domain binds PI(4,5)P2 with lower affinity but sufficient selectivity to function in concert with the polybasic motif to target the protein to PI(4,5)P2-rich membranes. Phosphoinositides therefore have a dual role in PLD regulation: membrane targeting mediated by the PH domain and stimulation of catalysis mediated by the polybasic motif.
(3828) Edith Stewart Cairns
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Voci narranti. Memorie e migrazioni familiari tra Otto e Novecento
Creators: name: Di Giacinto, Maura
Publisher: name: Rivista Italiana di Educazione Familiare
Year: 2017

description: The most recent historical studies agreed on asserting that the history of the Italian emigration, despite the silence and the removal attempts, represents «one of the pillars of the national history» (Bevilacqua, De Clementi, Franzina, 2001, p. XI). In this context, the essay, through the interpretation of different sources (archive documentation, letters, autobiographies, life stories, papers), aims at retracing the private life as well as the relationships of Italian families that have migrated abroad, between the XIX and XX Century. Through the narration, the collected private stories can contain elements of common historical and social events, becoming an extraordinary tool to emerge feelings, moods, desire, pain, and nostalgia.
description: Rivista Italiana di Educazione Familiare, n° 1 gennaio-giugno 2017
Careables Interim Impact Assessment Report
Creators: name: Schaefer, Teresa
name: Kieslinger, Barbara
name: Fabian, Claudia M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This report presents the outcomes from the first evaluation activities conducted
 in the careables project, which were based on a set of quantitative and
 qualitative data collection instruments and a defined set of indicators presented
 in D4.1 Evaluation and Impact Assessment Framework.
 The evaluation activities aimed to collect formative feedback on careables co-
 creation events organized in three European countries, namely Italy, Germany
 and the Netherlands. These co-creation events assembled people with specific
 health needs, makers, designers, health professionals and European citizens in
 trans-disciplinary teams which successfully co-created open healthcare
 solutions. These solutions addressed very specific needs of people who suffer
 from disabilities or illness.
(3824) Mary Mackintosh
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
hNuf2 inhibition blocks stable kinetochore–microtubule attachment and induces mitotic cell death in HeLa cells
Creators: name: Kilmartin, John V.
name: Moree, Ben
name: Hickey, Jennifer M.
name: Salmon, E. D.
name: DeLuca, Jennifer G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Identification of proteins that couple kinetochores to spindle microtubules is critical for understanding how accurate chromosome segregation is achieved in mitosis. Here we show that the protein hNuf2 specifically functions at kinetochores for stable microtubule attachment in HeLa cells. When hNuf2 is depleted by RNA interference, spindle formation occurs normally as cells enter mitosis, but kinetochores fail to form their attachments to spindle microtubules and cells block in prometaphase with an active spindle checkpoint. Kinetochores depleted of hNuf2 retain the microtubule motors CENP-E and cytoplasmic dynein, proteins previously implicated in recruiting kinetochore microtubules. Kinetochores also retain detectable levels of the spindle checkpoint proteins Mad2 and BubR1, as expected for activation of the spindle checkpoint by unattached kinetochores. In addition, the cell cycle block produced by hNuf2 depletion induces mitotic cells to undergo cell death. These data highlight a specific role for hNuf2 in kinetochore–microtubule attachment and suggest that hNuf2 is part of a molecular linker between the kinetochore attachment site and tubulin subunits within the lattice of attached plus ends.
Memorie mobili: voci di nipoti e nonni nelle famiglie transnazionali
Creators: name: Cima, Rosanna
Publisher: name: Rivista Italiana di Educazione Familiare
Year: 2017

description: The paper presents a section of a quantitative and qualitative research, which took place in the Italian North-eastern region between 1982 and 2013, aiming at finding the images and relationship that grandchildren live with their grandparents (Gecchele, 2015). The essay takes into account stories written by pupils of primary and secondary schools, children of migrant parent who were born in Italy or that came through family reunification. The younger ones, engaged together with their parents in the complex process of interacting and integrating with the realities of the host country, express the relationship with their grandparents by showing a cultural and a value-based crossbreeding passing through at least three generations. In the migration process, how does the generational transmission of family educational models get activated? What role is reserved for the elderly who normally remain in the country of origin? Which in the “weight” of oral memories when the youngsters during the migration process tend to forget the language of the elderly? The voices of the older and younger people, geographically distant and always in tension between a before-migration period and a contemporary now, call for expanding the queries on the relationship between the memories of family education and the forging of mobile individual and family identities.
description: Rivista Italiana di Educazione Familiare, n° 1 gennaio-giugno 2017