cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Planck scale effects and the suppression of power on the large scales in the primordial spectrum
Creators: name: Shankaranarayanan, S.
name: Sriramkumar, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The enormous red-shifting of the modes during the inflationary epoch suggests that physics at the very high energy scales may modify the primordial perturbation spectrum. Therefore, the measurements of the anisotropies in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) could provide us with clues to understanding physics beyond the Planck scale. In this proceeding, we study the Planck scale effects on the primordial spectrum in the power-law inflation using a model which preserves local Lorentz invariance. While our model reproduces the standard spectrum on small scales, it naturally predicts a suppression of power on the large scales -- a feature that seems to be necessary to explain deficit of power in the lower multipoles of the CMB.
description: 5 Pages, 2 Figures; Talk presented at PASCOS-04; To be published in proceedings (World Scientific, 2004)
Time Series Analysis of Photospheric Magnetic Parameters of Flare-quiet versus Flaring Active Regions: Scaling Properties of Fluctuations
Creators: name: Lee, Eo-Jin
name: Park, Sung-Hong
name: Moon, Yong-Jae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time series of photospheric magnetic parameters of solar active regions (ARs) are used to answer whether scaling properties of fluctuations embedded in such time series help to distinguish between flare-quiet and flaring ARs. We examine a total of 118 flare-quiet and 118 flaring AR patches (called HARPs), which were observed from 2010 to 2016 by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). Specifically, the scaling exponent of fluctuations is derived applying the Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) method to a dataset of 8-day time series of 18 photospheric magnetic parameters at 12-min cadence for all HARPs under investigation. We first find a statistically significant difference in the distribution of the scaling exponent between the flare-quiet and flaring HARPs, in particular for some space-averaged, signed parameters associated with magnetic field line twist, electric current density, and current helicity. The flaring HARPs tend to show higher values of the scaling exponent compared to those of the flare-quiet ones, even though there is considerable overlap between their distributions. In addition, for both the flare-quiet and flaring HARPs the DFA analysis indicates that (1) time series of most of various magnetic parameters under consideration are non-stationary, and (2) time series of the total unsigned magnetic flux and the mean photospheric magnetic free energy density in general present a non-stationary, persistent property, while the total unsigned flux near magnetic polarity inversion lines and parameters related to current density show a non-stationary, anti-persistent trend in their time series.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in the Solar Physics
Nonparametric measures of the impact of public research expenditures on Australian broadacre agriculture
Creators: name: Cox, Thomas L.
name: Mullen, John D.
name: Hu, Wensheng
name: Cox, Thomas L.
name: Mullen, John D.
name: Hu, Wensheng
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Nonparametric methods are used to measure the impact of public research expenditures on Australian broadacre agriculture over the 1953–94 period. Results using both unrestricted and 30‐year lagged specifications of the research impacts on productivity suggest that while certain aspects of the nonparametric multi‐input/output technologies are quite robust to alternative specifications (in particular, the associated Malmquist total factor productivity indexes), other aspects are less stable (in particular, the indexes on input and, to a lesser extent, output biased technical change). Internal rates of return to research expenditures on Australian broadacre agriculture are estimated to be in the 12 per cent to 20 per cent range.
Vortex bound state of Kondo lattice coupled to compensated metal
Creators: name: Iimura, Shoma
name: Hirayama, Motoaki
name: Hoshino, Shintaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study physical properties of the low-energy quasiparticle excitations at the vortex core in the full-gap superconducting state of the Kondo lattice coupled to compensated metals. Based on the mean-field description of the superconducting state, we numerically solve the Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) equations for the tight-binding Hamiltonian. The isolated vortex is characterized by a length scale independent of the magnitude of the interaction and the energy level of the core bound state is the same order as the bulk gap. These properties are in strong contrast to the conventional s-wave superconductor. To gain further insights, we also consider the effective Hamiltonian in the continuous limit and construct the theoretical framework of the quasiclassical Green's function of conduction electrons. With the use of the Kramer-Pesch approximation, we analytically derive the spectral function describing the quasiparticle excitations which is consistent with the numerics. It has been revealed that the properties of the vortex bound state are closely connected to the characteristic odd frequency dependence of both the normal and anomalous self-energies which is proportional to the inverse of frequency.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Metastability on the steady states in a Fermi-like model of counterflowing particles
Creators: name: Stock, E. V.
name: da Silva, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we propose a two-dimensional extension of a previously defined one-dimensional version of a model of counterflowing particles, which considers an adapted Fermi-Dirac distribution to describe the transition probabilities. In this modified and extended version of the model, we consider that only particles of different species interact and they hop through the cells of a two dimensional rectangular lattice with probabilities taking into account diffusive and scattering aspects. We show that for a sufficiently low level of randomness ($α\geq 10$), the system can relax to a mobile self-organized steady state of counterflow (lane formation) or to an immobile state (clog) depending sensitively on the initial conditions if the system has an average density near the crossover value ($ρ_{c}$). We also show that for certain suitable mixing of the species, we peculiarly have 3 different situations: (i) The immobile,(ii) Mobile organized by lanes, and (iii) Mobile without lane formation for the same density value. All of our results were obtained by performing Monte Carlo simulations.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Analysis of OPM potentials for multiplet states of 3d transition metal atoms
Creators: name: Hamamoto, N.
name: Satoko, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the optimized effective potential method (OPM) to the multiplet energies of the 3d$^n$ transition metal atoms, where the orbital dependence of the energy functional with respect to orbital wave function is the single-configuration HF form. We find that the calculated OPM exchange potential can be represented by the following two forms. Firstly, the difference between OPM exchange potentials of the multiplet states can be approximated by the linear combination of the potentials derived from the Slater integrals $F^2({\rm 3d,3d})$ and $F^4({\rm 3d,3d})$ for the average energy of the configuration. Secondly, the OPM exchange potential can be expressed as the linear combination of the OPM exchange potentials of the single determinants.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, to be published in J. Phys. B
Traffic-Aware Multi-Camera Tracking of Vehicles Based on ReID and Camera Link Model
Creators: name: Hsu, Hung-Min
name: Wang, Yizhou
name: Hwang, Jenq-Neng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-target multi-camera tracking (MTMCT), i.e., tracking multiple targets across multiple cameras, is a crucial technique for smart city applications. In this paper, we propose an effective and reliable MTMCT framework for vehicles, which consists of a traffic-aware single camera tracking (TSCT) algorithm, a trajectory-based camera link model (CLM) for vehicle re-identification (ReID), and a hierarchical clustering algorithm to obtain the cross camera vehicle trajectories. First, the TSCT, which jointly considers vehicle appearance, geometric features, and some common traffic scenarios, is proposed to track the vehicles in each camera separately. Second, the trajectory-based CLM is adopted to facilitate the relationship between each pair of adjacently connected cameras and add spatio-temporal constraints for the subsequent vehicle ReID with temporal attention. Third, the hierarchical clustering algorithm is used to merge the vehicle trajectories among all the cameras to obtain the final MTMCT results. Our proposed MTMCT is evaluated on the CityFlow dataset and achieves a new state-of-the-art performance with IDF1 of 74.93%.
description: Accepted by ACM International Conference on Multimedia 2020
Additional file 1 of Health-related quality of life measured using the EQ-5D–5 L: population norms for the capital of Iran
Creators: name: Emrani, Zahra
name: Sari, Ali Akbari
name: Hojjat Zeraati
name: Alireza Olyaeemanesh
name: Daroudi, Rajabali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Asymptotically Optimal Blind Calibration of Uniform Linear Sensor Arrays for Narrowband Gaussian Signals
Creators: name: Weiss, Amir
name: Yeredor, Arie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: An asymptotically optimal blind calibration scheme of uniform linear arrays for narrowband Gaussian signals is proposed. Rather than taking the direct Maximum Likelihood (ML) approach for joint estimation of all the unknown model parameters, which leads to a multi-dimensional optimization problem with no closed-form solution, we revisit Paulraj and Kailath's (P-K's) classical approach in exploiting the special (Toeplitz) structure of the observations' covariance. However, we offer a substantial improvement over P-K's ordinary Least Squares (LS) estimates by using asymptotic approximations in order to obtain simple, non-iterative, (quasi-)linear Optimally-Weighted LS (OWLS) estimates of the sensors gains and phases offsets with asymptotically optimal weighting, based only on the empirical covariance matrix of the measurements. Moreover, we prove that our resulting estimates are also asymptotically optimal w.r.t. the raw data, and can therefore be deemed equivalent to the ML Estimates (MLE), which are otherwise obtained by joint ML estimation of all the unknown model parameters. After deriving computationally convenient expressions of the respective Cramér-Rao lower bounds, we also show that our estimates offer improved performance when applied to non-Gaussian signals (and/or noise) as quasi-MLE in a similar setting. The optimal performance of our estimates is demonstrated in simulation experiments, with a considerable improvement (reaching an order of magnitude and more) in the resulting mean squared errors w.r.t. P-K's ordinary LS estimates. We also demonstrate the improved accuracy in a multiple-sources directions-of-arrivals estimation task.
description: in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
On modelling change and growth when the measures themselves change across waves : methodological and measurement issues and a novel non-parametric solution
Creators: name: Lloyd, Jennifer Elizabeth Victoria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In the past 20 years, the analysis of individual change has become a key focus of research in education and the social sciences. There are several parametric methodologies that centre upon quantifying change. These varied methodologies, known as repeated measures analyses, are commonly used in three research scenarios: In Scenario 1, the exact same measure is used and re-used across waves (testing occasions). In Scenario 2, most of the measures' content changes across waves - typically commensurate with the age and experiences of the test-takers - but the measures retain one or more common items (test questions) across waves. In Scenario 3, the measures either vary completely across waves (i.e., there are no common items) or the sample being tested across waves is small or there is no norming group. Some researchers assert that repeated measures analyses should only occur if the measure itself remains unchanged across waves, arguing that it is not possible to link or connect the scores (either methodologically or conceptually) of measures whose content varies across waves. Because it is not uncommon to face Scenarios 2 and 3 in educational and social science research settings, however, it is vital to explore more fully the problem of analysing change and growth with measures that vary across waves. To this end, the first objective of this dissertation is to weave together the (a) test linking and (b) change/growth literatures for the purpose of exploring this problem in a comprehensive manner. The second objective is to introduce a novel solution to the problem: the nonparametric hierarchical linear model (for multi-wave data) and the non-parametric difference score (for two-wave data). Two case studies that demonstrate the application of the respective solutions are presented, accompanied by a discussion o f the novel solution's strengths and limitations. Also presented is a discussion about what is meant by 'change'.
Economic performance, cost economies and pricing behaviour in the US and Australian meat products industries
Creators: name: Morrison, Catherine J.
name: Morrison, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The cost and demand structures of meat products industries in the US and Australia from 1970 to 1991 are examined. Scale economies, technical change and trade impacts and output pricing behaviour are evaluated, using short‐ and long‐run input cost and input and output demand elasticities. The greatest technological impacts stem from large‐scale economies, which are similar across countries. Unit cost savings from output expansion involve capital investment and materials saving in the long run, although input‐specific patterns vary by country. Import competition appears to motivate capital expansion further. Finally, large mark‐ups of price over marginal cost are found, which are consistent with low profits as a result of the underlying scale economies.
Tight bounds for LDPC and LDGM codes under MAP decoding
Creators: name: Montanari, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method for analyzing low density parity check (LDPC) codes and low density generator matrix (LDGM) codes under bit maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) decoding is introduced. The method is based on a rigorous approach to spin glasses developed by Francesco Guerra. It allows to construct lower bounds on the entropy of the transmitted message conditional to the received one. Based on heuristic statistical mechanics calculations, we conjecture such bounds to be tight. The result holds for standard irregular ensembles when used over binary input output symmetric channels. The method is first developed for Tanner graph ensembles with Poisson left degree distribution. It is then generalized to `multi-Poisson' graphs, and, by a completion procedure, to arbitrary degree distribution.
description: 28 pages, 9 eps figures; Second version contains a generalization of the previous result
Additional file 1 of Efficacy of extended infusion of β-lactam antibiotics for the treatment of febrile neutropenia in haematologic patients: protocol for a randomised, multicentre, open-label, superiority clinical trial (BEATLE)
Creators: name: J. Laporte-Amargos
name: C. Gudiol
name: M. Arnan
name: P. Puerta-Alcalde
name: F. Carmona-Torre
name: M. Huguet
name: A. Albasanz-Puig
name: R. Parody
name: C. Garcia-Vidal
name: J. L. Del Pozo
name: M. Batlle
name: C. Tebé
name: R. Rigo-Bonnin
name: C. Muñoz
name: A. Padullés
name: F. Tubau
name: S. Videla
name: A. Sureda
name: J. Carratalà
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.
The nature of the research‐induced supply shift
Creators: name: Wohlgenant, Michael K.
name: Wohlgenant, Michael K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Differences among firms in a competitive industry can affect the shape of the industry supply curve. It is necessary to know how both production costs and rents are affected by research. Industry response to research will be different depending upon whether entry occurs. If the effect of entry is ignored, then the price decline from research will be overstated. Industry marginal returns can be positive with purely yield‐increasing research, even when industry demand is inelastic. Standard formulas for calculating producer surplus based on linear industry supply and demand curves are strictly valid only if the analysis is restricted to short‐run equilibrium behaviour.
Demonstration of an optical polarization magnifier with low birefringence
Creators: name: Lintz, Michel
name: Guena, Jocelyne
name: Bouchiat, Marie-Anne
name: Chauvat, Dominique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In any polarimetric measurement technique, enhancing the laser polarization change of a laser beam before it reaches the analyzer can help in improving the sensitivity. This can be performed using an optical component having a large linear dichroism, the enhancement factor being equal to the square root of the ratio of the two transmission factors. A pile of parallel plates at Brewster incidence looks appropriate for realizing such a polarization magnifier. In this paper, we address the problem raised by the interference in the plates and between the plates, which affects the measurement by giving rise to birefringence. We demonstrate that wedged plates provide a convenient and efficient way to avoid this interference. We have implemented and characterized devices with 4 and 6 wedged plates at Brewster incidence which have led to a decisive improvement of the signal to noise ratio in our ongoing Parity Violation measurement.
description: 08 october 2004
Υπολογιστική αναλογιστική επιστήμη με το πακέτο actuar της γλώσσας προγραμματισμού R
Creators: name: Μαρκουτσά, Βασιλική
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Θεωρία κινδύνου
subject: Θεωρία χρεοκοπίας
subject: Θεωρία πιθανοτήτων
subject: Συλλογικό μοντέλο κινδύνου
subject: Actuar
subject: R
subject: Panjer
subject: Συνέλιξη
subject: Κλάσεις κατανομών

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η μελέτη ειδικών θεμάτων της θεωρίας κινδύνων και η αριθμητική επίλυση προβλημάτων που σχετίζονται με αυτά με χρήση της γλώσσας προγραμματισμού R. Συγκεκριμένα, η εν λόγω μελέτη εστιάζεται κυρίως στο μοντέλο συλλογικού κινδύνου και την πιθανότητα χρεοκοπίας ενός χαρτοφυλακίου. Η μελέτη μας θα ξεκινήσει δίνοντας μία σύντομη περιγραφή σε βασικές έννοιες της θεωρίας πιθανοτήτων καθώς και στις κλάσεις κατανομών που έχουν εφαρμογή στο μοντέλο συλλογικό κινδύνου. Στη συνέχεια, δίνεται έμφαση στην παρουσίαση της θεωρίας που διέπει το μοντέλο συλλογικό κινδύνου όπου δίνεται έμφαση στις μεθόδους υπολογισμού της κατανομής των συνολικών αποζημιώσεων με χρήση του πακέτου actuar της γλώσσας προγραμματισμού R. Τέλος, εστιάζουμε στο κεντρικό πρόβλημα της θεωρίας χρεοκοπίας που είναι ο ακριβής υπολογισμός της πιθανότητας χρεοκοπίας. Όλα τα θέματα τα οποία παρουσιάζονται στην παρούσα εργασία μελετώνται και ερμηνεύονται τόσο σε θεωρητικό όσο και σε πρακτικό επίπεδο. Έτσι, σε κάθε κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται η σχετική θεωρία και δίνονται και επιλύονται αριθμητικά παραδείγματα για την καλύτερη κατανόησή της.
Optimal Feature Manipulation Attacks Against Linear Regression
Creators: name: Li, Fuwei
name: Lai, Lifeng
name: Cui, Shuguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate how to manipulate the coefficients obtained via linear regression by adding carefully designed poisoning data points to the dataset or modify the original data points. Given the energy budget, we first provide the closed-form solution of the optimal poisoning data point when our target is modifying one designated regression coefficient. We then extend the analysis to the more challenging scenario where the attacker aims to change one particular regression coefficient while making others to be changed as small as possible. For this scenario, we introduce a semidefinite relaxation method to design the best attack scheme. Finally, we study a more powerful adversary who can perform a rank-one modification on the feature matrix. We propose an alternating optimization method to find the optimal rank-one modification matrix. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the analytical results obtained in this paper.
Additional file 3 of Repeated disinfectant use in broiler houses and pig nursery units does not affect disinfectant and antibiotic susceptibility in Escherichia coli field isolates
Creators: name: H. Maertens
name: E. Van Coillie
name: S. Millet
name: S. Van Weyenberg
name: N. Sleeckx
name: E. Meyer
name: J. Zoons
name: J. Dewulf
name: Reu, K. De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 2. Antibiotic use at the broiler pilot farm.
Evidence for Factorization Breaking in Diffractive Low-Q^2 Dijet Production
Creators: name: Klasen, M.
name: Kramer, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate diffractive dijet production in deep-inelastic scattering at next-to-leading order of perturbative QCD, including contributions from direct and resolved photons, and compare our predictions to preliminary data from the H1 collaboration at HERA. In contrast to recent experimental claims, evidence for factorization breaking is found only for resolved, and not direct, photon contributions. No evidence is found for large normalization uncertainties in diffractive parton densities. The results confirm theoretical expectations for the (non-)cancellation of soft singularities in diffractive scattering as well as previous results for (almost) real photoproduction.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
World food markets into the 21st century: environmental and resource constraints and policies
Creators: name: Rosegrant, Mark W.
name: Ringler, Claudia
name: Rosegrant, Mark W.
name: Ringler, Claudia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Projections of global food supply and demand to the year 2020 indicate that food production in the aggregate is likely to keep pace with growing populations and incomes, and that real food prices will be stable or slowly declining. This article examines the possible environmental and resource constraints to long‐term food production growth and explores the implications of these possible constraints for food and resource policies. The article reviews and synthesises the evidence on biophysical limits to crop productivity; plant genetic resources and biotechnology; the availability of plant nutrients; soil and land degradation; the increasing scarcity and declining quality of water; and the impact of global climate change on agriculture.
Blind Determination of the Number of Sources Using Distance Correlation
Creators: name: Weiss, Amir
name: Yeredor, Arie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A novel blind estimate of the number of sources from noisy, linear mixtures is proposed. Based on Székely et al.'s distance correlation measure, we define the Sources' Dependency Criterion (SDC), from which our estimate arises. Unlike most previously proposed estimates, the SDC estimate exploits the full independence of the sources and noise, as well as the non-Gaussianity of the sources (as opposed to the Gaussianity of the noise), via implicit use of high-order statistics. This leads to a more robust, resilient and stable estimate w.r.t. the mixing matrix and the noise covariance structure. Empirical simulation results demonstrate these virtues, on top of superior performance in comparison with current state of the art estimates.
World food markets into the 21st century: commodity risk management policies
Creators: name: Duncan, Ronald C.
name: Duncan, Ronald C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Recent concerns about future global food production seem poorly based. The rapid phase of growth in food consumption is over for most of the world's population because of increased incomes and, besides, population growth rates continue to slow. Thus, the rate of growth of food production needed in the future is much lower than it has been for the past 40 years. Production and price instability will continue, perhaps with lessened intensity because of reduced government intervention. With private agricultural interests now facing greater exposure to price and production risks, especially in developing countries, there needs to be greater emphasis on financial market instruments for managing these risks.
Measurement of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder : an a posteriori content validation of the clinician-administered PTSD scale (CAPS-dxsx)
Creators: name: Thiessen, Lynda Gail
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Many people in society today suffer from the consequences of exposure to a traumatic event in their life of the life of a loved one. These persons are at risk for developing a condition known as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). PTSD is a potentially debilitating disorder that is characterized by three symptoms clusters: reexperiencing, numbing and avoidance, and hyperarousal. To assess PTSD, many practitioners often use semi-structured interviews. The current "gold-standard" instrument for assessing PTSD is the Clinician-Administered Post Traumatic Stress Scale (CAPS; Blake et al., 1995). However, the CAPS has gaps in its validity evidence. In particular, a content validation study has not been performed to assess the ability of the CAPS to produce content-related validity evidence. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate (a) the CAPS adequacy in sampling the entire content domain of PTSD (b) how relevant each of the elements of the CAPS was, and (c) whether our current definitions of trauma and PTSD in the DSM-IV-TR (APA, 2000) are considered adequate by our subject matter experts. Results indicated that the CAPS received high ratings for the relevance of its traumatic events questions, individual items, and Life Events Checklist; however, it received poor ratings for its format, rating scales, global ratings, associated features, time-sampling parameter, scoring and summary chart, and summary sheet. Moreover, the CAPS failed to achieve minimum acceptable levels for its representativeness for the content domain of PTSD. Concordantly, subject-matter experts rated the current definition of PTSD in the DSM-IV-TR (2000) as inadequate. Experts indicated that the current conceptualization of PTSD does not capture the full range of symptoms seen in clients with PTSD. Implications and suggestions for future research are proposed.
Scourge of the Seas - Again! Anti-piracy Services and International Trade Costs
Creators: name: Kerr, William A.
name: Kerr, William A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: international trade
subject: piracy
subject: public goods
subject: shipping costs
subject: suppression

description: After near eradication in the 20th century, piracy is again imposing significant costs on the conduct of international trade in the 21st century. In response, there has been a significant increase in the provision of anti-piracy services from both the private and public sectors. The costs associated with providing these services are considerable and it is difficult to assess their cost-effectiveness. The underlying economic forces that affect the efficacy of anti-piracy measures are explored. The conclusion is that a return to the pirate-free status of the latter part of the 20th century is unlikely.
Hamiltonian Multivector Fields and Poisson Forms in Multisymplectic Field Theory
Creators: name: Forger, Michael
name: Paufler, Cornelius
name: Römer, Hartmann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general classification of Hamiltonian multivector fields and of Poisson forms on the extended multiphase space appearing in the geometric formulation of first order classical field theories. This is a prerequisite for computing explicit expressions for the Poisson bracket between two Poisson forms.
description: 50 pages
Trade Distortion Effects of Average Crop Revenue Election Payment under the 2008 U.S. Farm Bill
Creators: name: Maeda, Koushi
name: Maeda, Koushi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: The purpose of this paper is to quantitatively analyze trade distortion effects of average crop revenue election payment (ACRE) under the 2008 U.S. Farm Bill. A newly developed imperfectly competitive spatial equilibrium model includes the ACRE, in addition to Lerner indices and several kinds of trade policies. The Lerner indices are calibrated with marginal costs by using a new method. The model is applied to international wheat trade. The main results of calibration and policy simulation are as follows. Firstly, the market structure is almost perfectly competitive in developed countries, but imperfectly competitive in developing countries. Secondly, the ACRE will work as an export subsidy. Thirdly, the ACRE will distort international trade remarkably if the participation rate of ACRE increases.
Additional file 1 of Progressive lysosomal membrane permeabilization induced by iron oxide nanoparticles drives hepatic cell autophagy and apoptosis
Creators: name: Levada, Kateryna
name: Pshenichnikov, Stanislav
name: Omelyanchik, Alexander
name: Rodionova, Valeria
name: Nikitin, Aleksey
name: Savchenko, Alexander
name: Schetinin, Igor
name: Zhukov, Dmitry
name: Abakumov, Maxim
name: Majouga, Alexander
name: Mariia Lunova
name: Jirsa, Milan
name: Smolková, Barbora
name: Mariia Uzhytchak
name: Dejneka, Alexandr
name: Lunov, Oleg
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Figure S1. Transmission electron micrographs of the iron core of the nanoparticles. Figure S2. Annexin V-PI staining of Alexander cells. Figure S3. Annexin V-PI staining of Huh7 cells. Figure S4. Annexin V-PI staining of HepG2 cells. Figure S5. Alteration of mitochondrial morphology by IO-cubes and IO-clusters treatment. Figure S6. Colocalization of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles with lysosomes in Alexander cells. Figure S7. Colocalization of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles with lysosomes in Huh7 cells. Figure S8. Colocalization of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles with lysosomes in HepG2 cells. Uncropped immunoblot scans.
Reinforcement of the Basis of Food Supply and Rice Policy
Creators: name: MURATA, Takeshi
name: MURATA, Takeshi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries

description: The neo-liberalistic restructuring policy of the coalition government of the Liberal Democratic Party and the Buddhist Komeito for paddy and rice farming for the last years, which didn't reflect actual small family farming structures, has suffered a setback by a counterattack of the political opposition. First of all a comprehensive development of paddy farming, which contributes to stable food security for Japan, is the problem which now confronts us, and simultaneously should provide a place of work and agricultural income regardless of the amount for permanent residents. The transformation of the single crop farming of rice to diversified crop rotation in a cycle of paddy and normal fields should be the basis of changing production methods. The direction of the policy for paddy farming should be changed to support backbone family farms. The Japanese government can take advantage of border restrictions for rice through an import-prohibiting tariff (¥341/kg). Every year before the planting season, the government should propose the target market price for rice, which covers the average cost of production, and mobilize all political measures to maintain a respectable price level, e.g. the set-aside of acreage under food-rice cultivation and the market intervention of buffer-stock and reserves. In addition, the government should establish a deficient payment system for rice and other strategic crops, namely wheat, barley and soybeans. By this above-mentioned conversion of political course Japan could increase use of paddy resources to 130％, recover the 1975 paddy crop-production level of over 14 million tons and make an advance towards reinforcement of the basis of food supply of Japan.
Realizing gapped surface states in magnetic topological insulator MnBi$_{2-x}$Sb$_{x}$Te$_{4}$
Creators: name: Ko, Wonhee
name: Kolmer, Marek
name: Yan, Jiaqiang
name: Pham, Anh D.
name: Fu, Mingming
name: Lüpke, Felix
name: Okamoto, Satoshi
name: Gai, Zheng
name: Ganesh, Panchapakesan
name: Li, An-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between magnetism and non-trivial topology in magnetic topological insulators (MTI) is expected to give rise to a variety of exotic topological quantum phenomena, such as the quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect and the topological axion states. A key to assessing these novel properties is to tune the Fermi level in the exchange gap of the Dirac surface band. MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ possesses non-trivial band topology with intrinsic antiferromagnetic (AFM) state that can enable all of these quantum states, however, highly electron-doped nature of the MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ crystals obstructs the exhibition of the gapped topological surface states. Here, we tailor the material through Sb-substitution to reveal the gapped surface states in MnBi$_{2-x}$Sb$_{x}$Te$_{4}$ (MBST). By shifting the Fermi level into the bulk band gap of MBST, we access the surface states and show a band gap of 50 meV at the Dirac point from quasi-particle interference (QPI) measured by scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS). Surface-dominant conduction is confirmed below the Néel temperature through transport spectroscopy measured by multiprobe STM. The surface band gap is robust against out-of-plane magnetic field despite the promotion of field-induced ferromagnetism. The realization of bulk-insulating MTI with the large exchange gap offers a promising platform for exploring emergent topological phenomena.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
title: 02_1655
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Reform of Rice Policy and Growth Management of Large-Scale Diversified Farm Using Rice Fields
Creators: name: OHIZUMI, Kazunuki
name: OHIZUMI, Kazunuki
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Production Economics

description: In this paper, I take up the following nine points: 1）The Japanese policy of agricultural protection should be converted from market price support to direct payment. 2）The border protection policy provided by the high tariff rate for rice should be converted per the WTO Doha round in order to decrease the quota on imported rice. 3）Production adjustment should be allowed to be made based on an individual farmer's management. 4）A market environment which reflects rice supply and demand trends should be created. 5）An environments should be maintained which allows for the creation of a competitive rice production structure sensitive to market signals. 6）We should construct a competitive business model for large-scale diversified rice farms. 7）We should construct a rural social system that values large-scale diversified farms. 8）Various suggestions have been made concerning production adjustment and the abolish of the production adjustment policy. 9）The direct payment policy of the JDP (Japan Democratic Party) is discussed.
Teoria Unificada do Spin Informacional e a Estrutura da Realidade: Unificando Astrofísica e Ciência Quântica
Creators: name: Matuchaki
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Teoria Unificada do Spin Informacional e a Estrutura da Realidade: Unificando Astrofísica e Ciência Quântica

Henry Matuchaki – Pesquisador Independente

📅 Fevereiro de 2025

Resumo

A Teoria Unificada do Spin Informacional (TGU) propõe um novo paradigma para a física fundamental, unificando a astrofísica e a mecânica quântica sob um único arcabouço baseado na coerência informacional. Neste trabalho, exploramos como o Spin Informacional atua como elo entre escalas microscópicas e macroscópicas, fornecendo explicações alternativas para a gravitação, a matéria escura e a energia escura, eliminando a necessidade de postulados ad hoc.

O artigo analisa:

✅ A incompatibilidade entre Relatividade Geral e Mecânica Quântica e como a TGU resolve esse problema.✅ A origem da massa das partículas fundamentais sem depender exclusivamente do campo de Higgs.✅ A estrutura das galáxias e aglomerados sem a necessidade de matéria escura, com base na coerência informacional.✅ A expansão acelerada do universo sem energia escura, interpretando-a como um efeito informacional.✅ A formação do universo e os ciclos cósmicos com base na nucleossíntese primordial e radiação cósmica de fundo.✅ Comparação entre a TGU e o modelo ΛCDM, com validações observacionais usando dados do JWST, SDSS e detecções gravitacionais.✅ Sugestões de experimentos para testar o Spin Informacional em aceleradores de partículas, interferometria e observações astronômicas.✅ Aplicações tecnológicas e científicas em computação quântica, exploração espacial e engenharia informacional.

🔬 Referências: O artigo incorpora resultados dos trabalhos mais recentes do autor, publicados na Zenodo, abordando aspectos da TGU desde partículas elementares até superestruturas cósmicas.

📢 Para pesquisadores em física teórica, astrofísica e cosmologia, esta pesquisa propõe um modelo inovador que pode redefinir nossa compreensão sobre o universo e sua estrutura fundamental.
The Articulation of Rice Policy and Rural Social Development Policy Beyond the Discussion on Social Adaptability to the New System
Creators: name: Akitsu, Motoki
name: Akitsu, Motoki
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: I was initially requested by symposium organizers to elaborate on how rural society will react to the new, alternative rice policies described by other discussants. I discuss in this paper, however, not only the social reaction to the policies, but also an introduction to rural social development policy that has rarely been elaborated on in agricultural policy. Like modern society in general, people in rural society have lost many opportunities to cooperate with each other. Rural social development policy should also aim at enriching rural human relationships. When examining the adaptability of rural society to new policies, the desire for social stability more often than not restricts policy choices to a more conservative direction. What is needed is to transform the position that excludes rural society from agricultural policy to a more comprehensive stance. To make agricultural policy more positive, I introduce an ethical perspective, which moves rural people to change their behavior. The ethics of reciprocity is an inherited, adhered-to character in Japan's rural society. Though the ethics of reciprocity works traditionally within small communities, it might be expanded beyond the locally-bonded territory and be the base of generating new relationships with outside people, above all, consumers. Taking rice policy and the ethics of reciprocity into account, we can discover the significance of enkomai, rice that is distributed within extended families. Rice has special meaning as a staple food and the number of farmers that have given rice to their relatives has increased during the last three decades. On the other hand, full-time rice farmers have been increasingly engaged in direct sales, because they wish to compensate for the decline of the price of rice by cutting intermediary margins. If such direct sales become a stable relationship between farmers and consumers, the ethics of reciprocity might gradually work among them as well. The new rice policy should be planned comprehensively, involving production and distribution, and be based on ethical motivation.
Shot noise of inelastic tunneling through quantum dot systems
Creators: name: Dong, Bing
name: Cui, H. L.
name: Lei, X. L.
name: Horing, Norman J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical analysis of the effect of inelastic electron scattering on current and its fluctuations in a mesoscopic quantum dot (QD) connected to two leads, based on a recently developed nonperturbative technique involving the approximate mapping of the many-body electron-phonon coupling problem onto a multichannel single-electron scattering problem. In this, we apply the Büttiker scattering theory of shot noise for a two-terminal mesoscopic device to the multichannel case with differing weight factors and examine zero-frequency shot noise for two special cases: (i) a single-molecule QD and (ii) coupled semiconductor QDs. The nonequilibrium Green's function method facilitates calculation of single-electron transmission and reflection amplitudes for inelastic processes under nonequilibrium conditions in the mapping model. For the single-molecule QD we find that, in the presence of the electron-phonon interaction, both differential conductance and differential shot noise display additional peaks as bias-voltage increases due to phonon-assisted processes. In the case of coupled QDs, our nonperturbative calculations account for the electron-phonon interaction on an equal footing with couplings to the leads, as well as the coupling between the two dots. Our results exhibit oscillations in both the current and shot noise as functions of the energy difference between the two QDs, resulting from the spontaneous emission of phonons in the nonlinear transport process. In the "zero-phonon" resonant tunneling regime, the shot noise exhibits a double peak, while in the "one-phonon" region, only a single peak appears.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, some minor changes, accepted by Phys. Rev. B