Eulimnadia bondi Padhye & Rabet & Kulkarni & Pagni 2018, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Padhye, Sameer M.
name: Rabet, Nicolas
name: Kulkarni, Mihir R.
name: Pagni, Marco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Branchiopoda
Diplostraca
Limnadiidae
Eulimnadia
Eulimnadia bondi

description: Eulimnadia bondi sp. nov.
(Figs. 2–5)
Etymology. Species is named after Richard Bond, who carried out an extensive taxonomic work on Indian large branchiopods in 1934.
Type locality. Fig.1 (circles; yellow—type locality). For details please check the study area section in the materials and methods.
Type material. Holotype. One hermaphrodite (in ethanol + glycerin) deposited at the Western Regional station of Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Pune (Registration number: C.1540).
Paratypes. 5 breeding hermaphrodites (in ethanol) were deposited in MNHN (MNHN-IU- 2017-2228)
Material examined. Six hermaphrodites and one male.
Diagnosis. Egg with a cylindrical body and dilated ends; series of longitudinal ridges and narrow furrows present along the length. Adult with twenty to twenty four trunk segments; telson with 16–20 dorsal variable sized spines; telsonic setae arising from a convex mound between 3 and 4th spine; cercopod as long as telson dorsal margin.
Description. Hermaphrodite. Head rectangular with a distinct anteroventral notch; ocular tubercle prominent; moderately sized compound eye nearly 0.8–0.9 times the ocular tubercle; ocellus big, triangular, about 0.9 times the size of rostral tip; rostrum short, rostral tip blunt and slightly upturned; dorsal organ pedunculate, at least thrice as long as broad at the base, height variable (Fig. 3A)
First antenna about twice the length of second antennal peduncle; six lobes, each lobe lined with sensillae (Fig.3B).
Second antenna. Peduncle cylindrical, nearly twice as long as broad and lined with long and fine setae; antennal exopod with 9 and endopod with 10 flagellomeres, each flagellomere elongated and rectangular in shape with 2–6 spines lined on the anterior side and with a row of plumose setae arranged on posterior side (2–7 in number) (Fig.2C & D).
Carapace length, 3.5 to 4.5 mm. Oval and transparent; faint yellow in coloration; carapace surface smooth, maximum height at one third distance from the anterior region of the carapace; ventral margin evenly convex and smooth; umbone not present; about 5–8 carapace growth lines observed (Fig.2A).
Thoracopods. Eighteen to twenty pairs of thoracopods, all thoracopods similar in structure and reducing in size posteriorly (Fig.2A).
Abdomen. Dorsal armature consisting of 4–8 long setiferous setae of varying lengths; size and number of setae diminishes towards the posterior end; last 1–2 segments without any setae.
Telson rectangular in shape; dorsal margin of telson lined with 13–18 spines of variable length [spines of distal 2/3rd (near the mound) slightly re-curved in one of the specimens], distal most pair of spines almost three times longer than spines on dorsum and serrated on its dorsal margin (in one specimen); caudal filaments attached in between 3rd and 5th spines on a low convex mound; prominent spiniform projection present ventrally at the cercopod base, length at least twice the width at the base (Fig.3D). Cercopod as long or slightly longer than telson dorsal margin; about 15–20 setiferous setae on the basal 2/3rd (reaching to the small spine), as long or about 1.2 times the distal most spine of telson (Fig.3D); small spine present immediately posterior to the setae about 0.6–0.8 the width of the cercopod at the point of attachment, apical 1/3rd margin serrated (Fig.3F).
Egg cylindrical with inflated borders and flat ends; ends sometimes with shallow ridges as well. Longitudinal ridges parallel to the length of the cylinder; border of egg with parallel ridges with sometimes irregular or fused ridges forming small crest (Fig.4A–F). Internal structure of egg shell consisting in heterogeneous alveolar layer with vesicles varying in shape and diameter. Largest vesicles are in the middle of the thicker part of the shell and have a perforated membranous border (Fig.4G–I); smallest vesicles are in the most external part of the shell part as well as in the most internal part of the shell (detailed morphometry presented in Table 1).
Male. Length of 3 mm (Fig.2B). Second antennal exopod and endopod with 8 flagellomeres. Seven carapace growth lines. Dorsal margin of telson lined with 14 similar sized spines; caudal filaments attached in between 4th and 5th spines; mound lined with 4 spinules near the point of attachment of caudal filaments (Fig.3E); length of the cercopod about 1.3 times the length of the posterior margin of telson (Fig.2E). Other characters of male are similar to that of the hermaphrodite except that the first two limbs are modified into claspers.
Clasper. Movable finger (endopod) broad basally, tapering and arched distally, apex with many small scales with a suctorial organ apicoventrally; long palp (endite V) gently arcuate; palpomere length subequal in both claspers, palp of first clasper about 1.2 times the length of palm and 1.5 times the length of second clasper; distalmost region of the proximal segment of the large palp (at the point of articulation with distal segment) lined with long setae; apices of both palps setulose; distal palpomere (endite V outgrowth) slightly elongated, apex with fine setae; small palp (endite IV outgrowth) cylindrical, twice as long as broad, directed slightly posteriorly, apex covered with small fine setae; palm (endite IV) broadly rectangular with a convex protrusion distomedially, more pronounced in the second clasper, gripping area as long as broad and covered with stout spines medially and longer thinner spines marginally (Fig.3C).
Remarks. The telson morphology varied within the specimens studied. This species has a unique egg structure not yet reported for any Indian species (Fig.5 for comparison). The closest Indian species in terms of morphology is E. indocylindrova which also has a cylindrical egg lined with ridges and furrows but differs from E. bondi sp.nov. due to its domed shaped ends. By the rest of the morphology the two species are very similar and cannot be distinguished without the egg morphology. The egg morphology of E. bondi with cylindrical egg with flattened ends, matches the neotropical E. colombiensis Roessler, 1989 / E. belki Martin, 1989 (Roessler, 1989; Martin, 1989; Pereira & Garcia 2001), E. cylindrova Belk, 1989 (Belk, 1989) and the Australian E. australiensis Timms, 2016 (Timms, 2016). Nevertheless E. cylindrova can be distinguished by the ridge lines which are oblique and not straight (Belk, 1989). The egg shell layer in E. colombiensis shows smaller vesicles and absence of the perforated membranous aspect (Rabet et al., 2012). The crest at the end of the egg is also generally more developed in E. colombiensis (Rabet et al., 2014) than in E. bondi sp. nov. E. australiensis can be distinguished with adult morphology by few (<7) short weak setae on its cercopods (Timms, 2016) compared with 15–20 long strong setae in E. bondi. It seems E. bondi inhabits a variety of temporary water habitats that are filled by water during the rainy season given the different types of habitats from where it was collected from.
description: Published as part of Padhye, Sameer M., Rabet, Nicolas, Kulkarni, Mihir R. & Pagni, Marco, 2018, A new species of genus Eulimnadia Packard, 1874 (Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata: Limnadiidae) from India with an updated key for some Indian species, pp. 341-350 in Zootaxa 4399 (3) on pages 343-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4399.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/1206698