Sparganothoides lugens
Creators: name: Kruse, James J.
name: Powell, Jerry A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Tortricidae
Sparganothoides
Sparganothoides lugens

description: 12. Sparganothoides lugens (Walsingham)   
Figs. 18, 45, 72  
 Sparganothis lugens Walsingham 1913: 223.   
 Sparganothoides lugens; Powell 1986: 376; Powell et al. 1995: 149; Brown 2005: 564.   
 Diagnosis. The dark brownish gray forewing, with distinct basal/subbasal, median, and subapical fasciae, distinguishes this species from its congeners. The unusual shape of the valva is also distinct.   
 Description. Male. Head: Frons with white-tipped gray to brownish gray scales produced into a weak hood; vertex roughened, with white-tipped gray to brownish gray scales. Labial palpus pale brownish gray mesally, white-tipped gray to brownish gray scales laterally. Antennal scaling gray to dark gray. Thorax: Dorsum smooth scaled, gray to brownish gray. Forewing length 8.1–9.2 mm (= 8.5; n = 9). Forewing lacking costal fold; interfascial regions pale gray, gray, and brownish orange, distinct basal/subbasal median and subterminal fasciae dark grayish brown, well defined at costa, slightly weakened toward dorsum; dark grayish brown transverse strigulae throughout subterminal and terminal areas. Fringe pale orange to yellowish white. Hindwing gray, with dense gray mottling throughout in some specimens. Abdomen: Genitalia (Fig. 18; slide #JAP3175; EME; Mexico, Veracruz, 1 mi W Fortín; n = 7) with uncus long, slender, uniform in width, elbowed at nearly 90° angle at two-thirds distance from base, with long setae dorsally, long lobes laterally and subapically, small setae on lobes ventrally; tegumen raised, squarish at base of uncus; socius rounded posteriorly, secondary arms long, slender, abruptly angled near middle, enlarged apices asymmetrically bilobed, mitten-shaped, thumb portion narrow, widening distally; transtilla sclerotized, straight, spines short, numerous over most of posterior margin, lacking median lobe; valva elongate, subrectangular, without sclerotized crease, costa curved, sacculus sinuate, pulvinus absent; phallus pistol-shaped, aedeagus tapered and slightly curved, shorter than phallobase, attenuate apically, attached to juxta by strongly sclerotized process; cornuti with minute spine near base.   
 Female. Head, Thorax: Essentially as described for male. Forewing length 8.8–11.1 mm (= 10.1; n = 10). Abdomen: Genitalia (Fig. 45; slide #JAP3152; NMNH; Mexico, Oaxaca, Salina Cruz; n = 5) with papillae anales parallel-sided, subtriangular posteriorly; sterigma narrow, strongly sclerotized ventrally, concave anteriorly, weakly bilobed; ductus bursae short, widening anteriorly; corpus bursae large, irregularly rounded; signum ca. three times as long as wide, simple, curved, weakly bilobed, blunt at apices.   
 Type material. Holotype: Female: MEXICO: VERACRUZ: Jalapa, [no date], M. Trujillo (BMNH).   
Paratypes (2M). MEXICO: VERACRUZ: Jalapa, [no date] (1 M; lacking abdomen), [no collector] (BMNH), [no date] (1♂), [no collector] (NMNH).  
 Additional specimens examined (10♂, 11♀). COSTA RICA: PUNTARENAS: Monteverde, 8–10.vi.1986 (2♀), J. Chemsak & H. Katsura (EME), 1400 m, 29–31.iii.1992 (1♀), S. McCarty & J. Powell (EME). MEXICO: OAXACA: Salina Cruz, [no date] (2♀), W. Schaus (NMNH). VERACRUZ: Jalapa, [no date] (1♂, 1♀), M. Trujillo (BMNH), [no date] (1♂), M. Trujillo (NMNH). Orizaba, [no date] (1♂), W. Schaus (NMNH). N. Chocoman, 30.vii.1966 (1♀), O. Flint & Ortiz (NMNH). 1 mi W Fortín, 25.xii.1963, collected as larva on “misc. leaves”, reared on lettuce, emgd. 20.ii.1964 (1♂), C. O’Brien (EME). 4 km SW Fortín, 900 m, 12.viii.1990 (1♂), J. Doyen (EME). Río Metlec, Fortín de las Flores, 15.viii.1987 (1♂), J. Brown (EME). Near Huatusco, 25–26.vii.1965 (1 F), O. Flint & Ortiz (NMNH). Near San Andres, 5 km W Jalapa, 1600 m, 19.viii.1987 (2♀), J. Brown & J. Powell (EME). Las Minas, SE Las Vigas, 18.viii.1987 (1♀), J. Doyen (EME). Coscomatepec, 1.viii.1975 (1♂), T. Taylor (LACM). 5 km S Coscomatepec, 8.vi.1991 (1♂), J. Chemsak (EME). 6 km S Coscomatepec, 1370 m, 12.viii.1987 (2♂), J. Brown & J. Powell (EME).   
 Immature stages. One small larva was found in December by C.W. O’Brien feeding on “miscellaneous leaves” and was reared on lettuce.   
 Biology. Adults have been collected from early June through mid-August in southern Mexico, and in March and June in Costa Rica.   
 Distribution. Sparganothoides lugens has been recorded from southern Mexico to Costa Rica.   
 Remarks. Females from Costa Rica are grayer, the papillae anales are more rounded posteriorly, and male cornuti deposited in the ductus bursae are wider, less curved, and possess a larger spine at the base than those from Mexico. These features suggest that specimens from Costa Rica may not be conspecific with those from Mexico.
description: Published as part of Kruse, James J. & Powell, Jerry A., 2009, Systematics of Sparganothoides Lambert and Powell, 1986 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Sparganothini), pp. 1-78 in Zootaxa 2150 (1) on pages 32-33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2150.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5311432