cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sign-Free Determinant Quantum Monte Carlo Study of Excitonic Density Orders in a Two-Orbital Hubbard-Kanamori Model
Creators: name: Huang, Xu-Xin
name: Moritz, Brian
name: Claassen, Martin
name: Devereaux, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While excitonic instabilities in multiorbital systems recently have come under scrutiny in a variety of transition-metal compounds, understanding emergence of these instabilities from strong electronic interactions has remained a challenge. Here, we present a sign-problem-free determinant quantum Monte Carlo study of excitonic density orders in a half-filled two-orbital Hubbard-Kanamori model with broken orbital degeneracy, which accounts for the role of Hund's coupling in transition-metal compounds. For strong inverted (negative) Hund's exchange, we find numerical evidence for the emergence of excitonic density order, with competition between anti-ferro-orbital order and $\mathbf{Q} = (π,π)$ excitonic density order as a function of orbital splitting and Hund's coupling. While inverted Hund's coupling stabilizes a spin-singlet excitonic density phase for weak orbital splitting, positive Hund's coupling favors a spin-triplet excitonic density phase.
Axion cloud evaporation during inspiral of black hole binaries -- the effects of backreaction and radiation
Creators: name: Takahashi, Takuya
name: Omiya, Hidetoshi
name: Tanaka, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultralight scalar fields such as axions can form clouds around rotating black holes (BHs) by the superradiant instability. It is important to consider the evolution of clouds associated with BH binaries for the detectability of the presence of clouds through gravitational wave signals and observations of the mass and spin parameters of BHs. We re-examine the impact on the axion cloud due to the tidal perturbation from the companion in a binary system taking into account the following points. First, we study the influence of higher-multipole moments. Second, we consider the backreaction due to the angular momentum transfer between the cloud and the orbital motion. This angular momentum transfer further causes the backreaction to the hyperfine split through the change in geometry. Finally, we calculate the particle number flux to the infinity induced by the tidal interaction. As a result, we found that the scalar field is not reabsorbed by the BH. Instead, the scalar particles are radiated away to evaporate during the inspiral, irrespectively of the direction of the orbital motion, for almost equal mass binaries.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures
On the topology of the atmosphere advected by a periodic array of axisymmetric thin-cored vortex rings
Creators: name: Masroor, Emad
name: Stremler, Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76B47

description: The fluid motion produced by a periodic array of identical, axisymmetric, thin-cored vortex rings is investigated. It is well known that such an array moves uniformly without change of shape or form in the direction of the central axis of symmetry, and is therefore an equilibrium solution of Euler's equations. In a frame of reference moving with the system of vortex rings, the motion of passive fluid particles is investigated as a function of the two non-dimensional parameters that define this system: $\varepsilon = a/R$, the ratio of minor radius to major radius of the torus-shaped vortex rings, and $λ= L/R$, the separation of the vortex rings normalized by their radii. Two bifurcations in the streamline topology are found that depend significantly on $\varepsilon$ and $λ$; these bifurcations delineate three distinct shapes of the 'atmosphere' of fluid particles that move together with the vortex ring for all time. Analogous to the case of an isolated vortex ring, the atmospheres can be 'thin-bodied' or 'thick-bodied'. Additionally, we find the occurrence of a 'connected' system, in which the atmospheres of neighboring rings touch at an invariant ring of fluid particles that is stationary in a frame of reference moving with the rings.
description: Revised manuscript accepted for publication in Regular and Chaotic Dynamics
Quantum Lyapunov exponents and complex spacing ratios: two measures of Dissipative Quantum Chaos
Creators: name: Yusipov, Igor
name: Ivanchenko, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The agenda of Dissipative Quantum Chaos is to create a toolbox which would allow us to categorize open quantum systems into "chaotic" and "regular" ones. Two approaches to this categorization have been proposed recently. One of them is based on spectral properties of generators of open quantum evolution. The other one utilizes the concept of Lyapunov exponents to analyze quantum trajectories obtained by unraveling this evolution. By using two quantum models, we relate the two approaches and try to understand whether there is an agreement between the corresponding categorizations. Our answer is affirmative.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Gender Equity in Physics Labs: A Review
Creators: name: Doucette, Danny
name: Singh, Chandralekha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review article provides an overview of research on the topic of gender equity in educational physics labs. As many institutions and instructors seek to evolve or transform physics lab learning, it is important that changes are made that improve equity for all students along multiple axes of identity, including gender. The studies highlighted in this review article describe the existence of complex gender-based differences, e.g., in opportunities to tinker with lab equipment, as well as differences in grades, conceptual understanding, and motivational outcomes across a broad range of lab curricula and contexts. The studies also illustrate and explore social interactions and structures that can impact students' experiences based on their gender identities. Although there has been less scholarship focused on proposals to reduce gender-based inequities in labs, this review article also provides an overview of some relevant proposals as well as associated research results. This overview of research on gender equity in physics labs helps to make clear that future scholarship on equity in physics labs should adopt gender frameworks that allow researchers to transcend binary gender identities and student deficit framing of research results. Likewise, a case is made that future research is needed on equity along other axes of identity, as well as research that accounts for intersectionality of different identities, in the physics lab context.
description: Published 30 Jan 2024
Explicit solutions to some fragmentation equations with growth or decay
Creators: name: Banasiak, Jacek
name: Poka, David Wetsi
name: Shindin, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 45K05, 35A24, 33C15, 33C45, 82C70

description: In this paper, we provide a systematic way of finding explicit solutions for a class of continuous fragmentation equations with growth or decay in the state space and derive explicit solutions in the cases of constant and linear growth/decay coefficients.
description: 13 figures
The Contribution of AGN Accretion Disks to Hydrogen Reionization
Creators: name: Zeltyn, Grisha
name: Trakhtenbrot, Benny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the contribution of high-redshift (z>6) active galactic nuclei (AGNs) to cosmic hydrogen reionization, by tracing the growth and ionizing output of the first generation of supermassive black holes (SMBHs). Our calculations are anchored to the observed population of z~6 quasars, and trace back the evolving spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the accretion flows that power these early AGNs and consider a variety of growth histories, including super-Eddington accretion. Compared to a fixed-shape SED, the evolving thin disks can produce ionizing radiation that is higher by up to ~80%. Across a variety of SMBH growth scenarios, the contribution of AGNs to reionization is limited to late epochs (z<7), and remains sub-dominant compared to star-forming galaxies. This conclusion holds irrespective of the (still unknown) space density of low-luminosity z=6 AGNs, and for growth scenarios that allow super-Eddington accretion. The contribution of AGNs to reionization can extend to earlier epochs (z>8) in scenarios with relative slow SMBH mass growth, i.e., for low accretion rates and/or high spins. We finally demonstrate that our framework can reproduce the observed quasar proximity zone sizes, and that compact proximity zones around z=6 quasars can be explained by the late onset of super-Eddington accretion.
description: Resubmitted to ApJ, after addressing referee report
Bifurcation structure of the flame oscillation
Creators: name: Araya, Yuki
name: Ito, Hiroaki
name: Kitahata, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A flame exhibits a limit-cycle oscillation, which is called "flame flickering" or "puffing", in a certain condition. We investigated the bifurcation structure of the flame oscillation in both simulation and experiment. We performed a two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation by employing the flame sheet model. We reproduced the flame oscillation and investigated the parameter dependences of the amplitude and frequency on the fuel-inlet diameter. We also constructed an experimental system, in which we could finely vary the fuel-inlet diameter, and we investigated the diameter-dependences of the amplitude and frequency. In our simulation, we observed the hysteresis and bistability of the stationary and oscillatory states. In our experiments, we observed the switching between the stationary and oscillatory states. As fluctuations can induce the switching in the bistable system, switching observed in our experiments suggested the bistability of the two states. Therefore, we concluded that the oscillatory state appeared from the stationary state through the subcritical Andronov-Hopf bifurcation in both the simulation and experiment. The amplitude was increased and the frequency was decreased as the fuel-inlet diameter was increased. In addition, we visualized the vortex structure in our simulation and discussed the effect of the vortex on the flame dynamics.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures
A Continuous Family of Non-Monotonic Toral Mixing Maps
Creators: name: Hill, Joe Myers
name: Sturman, Rob
name: Wilson, Mark C. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A25

description: We establish the mixing property for a family of Lebesgue measure preserving toral maps composed of two piecewise linear shears, the first of which is non-monotonic. The maps serve as a basic model for the `stretching and folding' action in laminar fluid mixing, in particular flows where boundary conditions give rise to non-monotonic flow profiles. The family can be viewed as the parameter space between two well known systems, Arnold's Cat Map and a map due to Cerbelli and Giona, both of which possess finite Markov partitions and straightforward to prove mixing properties. However, no such finite Markov partitions appear to exist for the present family, so establishing mixing properties requires a different approach. In particular we follow a scheme of Katok and Strelcyn, proving strong mixing properties with respect to the Lebesgue measure on two open parameter spaces. Finally we comment on the challenges in extending these mixing windows and the potential for using the same approach to prove mixing properties in similar systems.
description: 33 pages, 13 figures
From the Podium to the Boardroom: Encouraging Gender Parity in Scholarly Publishing
Creators: name: Meadows, Alice
name: Kane, Lauren
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: Gender studies

description: This is the accepted manuscript of a paper published in the April 2016 issue of Learned Publishing (DOI: 10.1002/leap.1022) Summary: As an industry, scholarly publishing attracts more women than men. Yet despite their majority, there is a concerning dearth of women in the industry’s most senior positions. Furthermore, and, we will posit, contributing to this leadership divide, there is a significant gender gap in speaking opportunities at major industry conferences. In this paper, we will present the research that supports these claims and offer three distinct challenges—to publishing organisations; to the women that work for them; and to the community at large—to help address this imbalance and improve gender parity, both at the podium and in the boardroom.
The dark mass signature in the orbit of S2
Creators: name: Heißel, Gernot
name: Paumard, Thibaut
name: Perrin, Guy
name: Vincent, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We explore a strategy for how the Schwarzschild and mass precessions can be separated from each other despite their secular interference, by pinpointing their signatures within a single orbit. From these insights, we then seek to assess the prospects for improving the dark mass constraints in the coming years. Methods. We analysed the dependence of the osculating orbital elements and of the observables on true anomaly, and we compared these functions for models with and without extended mass. We then translated the maximum astrometric impacts within one orbit to detection thresholds given hypothetical data of different accuracies. These theoretical investigations were then supported and complemented by an extensive mock-data fitting analysis. Results. We have four main results. 1. While the mass precession almost exclusively impacts the orbit in the apocentre half, the Schwarzschild precession almost exclusively impacts it in the pericentre half, allowing for a clear separation of the effects. 2. Data that are limited to the pericentre half are not sensitive to a dark mass, while data limited to the apocentre half are, but only to a limited extent. 3. A full orbit of data is required to substantially constrain a dark mass. 4. For a full orbit of astrometric and spectroscopic data, the astrometric component in the pericentre half plays the stronger role in constraining the dark mass than the astrometric data in the apocentre half. Furthermore, we determine the 1σ dark mass detection thresholds given different datasets on one full orbit. In particular, with a full orbit of data of 50 microarcseconds (VLTI/GRAVITY) and 10 km/s (VLT/SINFONI) precision, the 1σ bound would improve to about 1000 solar masses, for example.
description: 22 pages, 19 figures, 2 tables
Lessons from Transforming Second-Year Honors Physics Lab
Creators: name: Doucette, Danny
name: D'Urso, Brian
name: Singh, Chandralekha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New technology like the Arduino microcontroller platform presents an opportunity to transform Beyond the First Year (BFY) physics labs to better prepare physics students for work in research labs and beyond. The flexibility, low cost, and power of these devices provides an attractive way for students to learn to use and master research-grade instrumentation. Therefore, we introduced new technology, including Arduino Due microcontroller boards, to a second-year honors physics lab in order to provide improved learning experiences for students. This transformation was implemented in three lab modules and focused on diminishing the black box nature of the traditional labs while encouraging students to engage in troubleshooting. The importance of troubleshooting was made evident to students by the instructor emphasizing it as an inevitable and central part of experimentation. This lab transformation also required that students perform work that was `above and beyond' the scope of the assigned experimental work for part of the course credit. While the technological aspects of the transformation were received well by a majority of students, our observations during the initial implementation suggested a need for some modifications to instructional practices in order to improve the learning and experiences for all students. In particular, we find that many students can benefit from additional scaffolding in order to complete `above and beyond' work. Similarly, we find that students in general, and underrepresented students such as women in particular, may need thoughtful intervention from the instructor, e.g., in order to avoid becoming isolated when the lab work is designed for pair work. Otherwise, some students may be left to work alone with a disproportionate work-load if students choose their own partners.
description: Publish 1 Oct 2020
A detailed study of the stability of vortons
Creators: name: Battye, R. A.
name: Cotterill, S. J.
name: Pearson, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct and simulate the dynamics of gauged vortons - circular loops of cosmic string supported by the angular momentum of trapped charge and current and provide additional details on the fully stable vorton that we have previously presented. We find that their existence and dynamical properties can be accurately predicted by an analysis based on infinite, straight superconducting strings if an additional constraint on their phase frequency is satisfied. We show a good quantitative agreement with the thin string approximation (TSA) and provide evidence that curvature corrections are inversely proportional to the vorton radius. This is verified with an energy minimisation algorithm that produces vorton solutions and subsequent axial and full three dimensional evolution codes. We find that we can predict the frequencies of each mode of oscillation, determine which modes are unstable and calculate the growth rate of the unstable modes to a high degree of accuracy.
description: 50 pages, 30 figures
Hierarchical Variational Memory for Few-shot Learning Across Domains
Creators: name: Du, Yingjun
name: Zhen, Xiantong
name: Shao, Ling
name: Snoek, Cees G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural memory enables fast adaptation to new tasks with just a few training samples. Existing memory models store features only from the single last layer, which does not generalize well in presence of a domain shift between training and test distributions. Rather than relying on a flat memory, we propose a hierarchical alternative that stores features at different semantic levels. We introduce a hierarchical prototype model, where each level of the prototype fetches corresponding information from the hierarchical memory. The model is endowed with the ability to flexibly rely on features at different semantic levels if the domain shift circumstances so demand. We meta-learn the model by a newly derived hierarchical variational inference framework, where hierarchical memory and prototypes are jointly optimized. To explore and exploit the importance of different semantic levels, we further propose to learn the weights associated with the prototype at each level in a data-driven way, which enables the model to adaptively choose the most generalizable features. We conduct thorough ablation studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of each component in our model. The new state-of-the-art performance on cross-domain and competitive performance on traditional few-shot classification further substantiates the benefit of hierarchical variational memory.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Thermal Model for Time-Domain Thermoreflectance Experiments in a Laser Flash Geometry
Creators: name: Peng, Wanyue
name: Wilson, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) is a well-established pump/probe method for measuring thermal conductivity and interface conductance of multilayers. Interpreting signals in a TDTR experiment requires a thermal model.In standard front/front TDTR experiments, both pump and probe beams typically irradiate the surface of a multilayer. As a result, existing thermal models for interpreting thermoreflectance experiments assume the pump and probe beams both interact with the surface layer. Here, we present a frequency-domain solution to the heat-diffusion equation of a multilayer in response to nonhomogenous laser heating. This model allows analysis of experiments where the pump and probe beams irradiate opposite sides of a multilayer. We call such a geometry a front/back experiment to differentiate such experiments from standard TDTR experiments. As an example, we consider a 60nm amorphous Si film. We consider how signals differ in a front/front vs. front/back geometry and compare thermal model predictions to experimental data.
A Spurious-Free Characteristic Mode Formulation Based on Surface Integral Equation for Patch Antenna Structures
Creators: name: Fan, Kun
name: Zhao, Ran
name: Cheng, Guang Shang
name: Huang, Zhi Xiang
name: Hu, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional surface integral equation (SIE)-based characteristic mode formulation for the patch antenna structure with a finite substrate is susceptible to the spurious (nonphysical) modes due to the dielectric part. To avoid the contamination of spurious modes, we propose a novel generalized eigenvalue formulation based on the electric field integral equation coupled Poggio-Miller-Chang-Harrington-Wu-Tsai (EFIE-PMCHWT) equation. In this formulation, the real and imaginary parts of the exterior integral operators are chosen to construct the finalized weighting matrices, to connect radiated power of the characteristic current. Compared with other SIE-based methods, this equation doesn't need additional post-processing since it can effectively avoid spurious modes. Numerical results compared with the volume-surface integral equation (VSIE) are investigated to validate the accuracy.
Bembidion (Ocydromus) amnicola Sahlberg 1900
Creators: name: Samin, Najmeh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Bembidion
Bembidion amnicola

description: Bembidion (Ocydromus) amnicola Sahlberg, 1900
 Material examined: Province of East Azarbaijan: AhAr, 38°30′N 47°08′E, 2♀♀, 15 March 2011.
description: Published as part of Samin, Najmeh, 2015, A study on the ground beetles (Coleoptera ¡ Carabidae) from some regions of Northwestern Iran., pp. 365-372 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 366, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12715038
Variational Onsager Neural Networks (VONNs): A thermodynamics-based variational learning strategy for non-equilibrium PDEs
Creators: name: Huang, Shenglin
name: He, Zequn
name: Chem, Bryan
name: Reina, Celia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a thermodynamics-based learning strategy for non-equilibrium evolution equations based on Onsager's variational principle, which allows to write such PDEs in terms of two potentials: the free energy and the dissipation potential. Specifically, these two potentials are learned from spatio-temporal measurements of macroscopic observables via proposed neural network architectures that strongly enforce the satisfaction of the second law of thermodynamics. The method is applied to three distinct physical processes aimed at highlighting the robustness and versatility of the proposed approach. These include (i) the phase transformation of a coiled-coil protein, characterized by a non-convex free-energy density; (ii) the one-dimensional dynamic response of a three-dimensional viscoelastic solid, which leverages the variational formulation as a tool for obtaining reduced order models; and (iii) linear and nonlinear diffusion models, characterized by a lack of uniqueness of the free energy and dissipation potentials. These illustrative examples showcase the possibility of learning partial differential equations through their variational action density (i.e., a function instead), by leveraging the thermodynamic structure intrinsic to mechanical and multiphysics problems.
A Search for H-Dropout Lyman Break Galaxies at z~12-16
Creators: name: Harikane, Yuichi
name: Inoue, Akio K.
name: Mawatari, Ken
name: Hashimoto, Takuya
name: Yamanaka, Satoshi
name: Fudamoto, Yoshinobu
name: Matsuo, Hiroshi
name: Tamura, Yoichi
name: Dayal, Pratika
name: Yung, L. Y. Aaron
name: Hutter, Anne
name: Pacucci, Fabio
name: Sugahara, Yuma
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two bright galaxy candidates at z~12-13 identified in our H-dropout Lyman break selection with 2.3 deg2 near-infrared deep imaging data. These galaxy candidates, selected after careful screening of foreground interlopers, have spectral energy distributions showing a sharp discontinuity around 1.7 um, a flat continuum at 2-5 um, and non-detections at <1.2 um in the available photometric datasets, all of which are consistent with z>12 galaxy. An ALMA program targeting one of the candidates shows a tentative 4sigma [OIII]88um line at z=13.27, in agreement with its photometric redshift estimate. The number density of the z~12-13 candidates is comparable to that of bright z~10 galaxies, and is consistent with a recently proposed double power-law luminosity function rather than the Schechter function, indicating little evolution in the abundance of bright galaxies from z~4 to 13. Comparisons with theoretical models show that the models cannot reproduce the bright end of rest-frame ultraviolet luminosity functions at z~10-13. Combined with recent studies reporting similarly bright galaxies at z~9-11 and mature stellar populations at z~6-9, our results indicate the existence of a number of star-forming galaxies at z>10, which will be detected with upcoming space missions such as James Webb Space Telescope, Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, and GREX-PLUS.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Field Analysis for a Highly-Overmoded Iris Line, with Application to THz Radiation Transport at LCLS
Creators: name: Naji, Adham
name: Stupakov, Gennady
name: Huang, Zhirong
name: Bane, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vector field analysis is presented for a highly overmoded iris-line structure that can act as a medium of transportation for THz radiation. The axisymmetric structure is capable of supporting hybrid modes with desirable features such as low propagation loss, uniformly linear polarization and approximately-Gaussian intensity profile across the iris. A specific application that can benefit from these features is the transportation of THz undulator radiation over hundreds of meters to reach the experimental halls at the LCLS facility, SLAC, Stanford. Such a structure has been modelled before as a boundary-value problem using Vainstein's impedance boundary condition and assuming infinitely-thin screens. Given that physical realizations of such screens must have finite thickness and that the THz wavelength in the 3-15 THz range is expected to be smaller than convenient screen thicknesses in practice, the question of the impact of finite screen thickness on propagation performance becomes rather pressing. To address this question, we present a mode-matching analysis of the structure, with finite screen thickness and perturbatively clustered (localized) field expansions, for computational feasibility. The effect of screen thickness is seen to lower the attenuation constant on the iris line, which is dominated by diffraction loss. The propagation loss predictions based on the Vainstein-model are compared with the numerical results from mode-matching for infinitely-thin screens, where the former method is observed to agree with the numerical results better at higher Fresnel numbers (highly-overmoded structures). The properties of the dominant mode fields are formally derived from first principles and a recommended approach is discussed for the inclusion of screen-thickness effects into propagation loss estimations.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures
Resilient Branching MPC for Multi-Vehicle Traffic Scenarios Using Adversarial Disturbance Sequences
Creators: name: Fors, Victor
name: Olofsson, Björn
name: Frisk, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: An approach to resilient planning and control of autonomous vehicles in multi-vehicle traffic scenarios is proposed. The proposed method is based on model predictive control (MPC), where alternative predictions of the surrounding traffic are determined automatically such that they are intentionally adversarial to the ego vehicle. This provides robustness against the inherent uncertainty in traffic predictions. To reduce conservatism, an assumption that other agents are of no ill intent is formalized. Simulation results from highway driving scenarios show that the proposed method in real-time negotiates traffic situations out of scope for a nominal MPC approach and performs favorably to state-of-the-art reinforcement-learning approaches without requiring prior training. The results also show that the proposed method performs effectively, with the ability to prune disturbance sequences with a lower risk for the ego vehicle.
description: Published in: IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles ( Early Access )
Quintessence and the Swampland: The parametrically controlled regime of moduli space
Creators: name: Cicoli, Michele
name: Cunillera, Francesc
name: Padilla, Antonio
name: Pedro, Francisco G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide evidence that slow roll is not possible in any parametrically controlled regime of the moduli space of string theory. This is proven in full generality in the asymptotic limit of the moduli space of type II and heterotic Calabi-Yau compactifications for the dilaton and any number of Kähler moduli. Our results suggest that in order to build quintessence into string theory one must work in the interior of moduli space where numerical, even if not parametric, control could still be achieved.
description: 7 pages
Quintessence and the Swampland: The numerically controlled regime of moduli space
Creators: name: Cicoli, Michele
name: Cunillera, Francesc
name: Padilla, Antonio
name: Pedro, Francisco G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a detailed discussion of the main theoretical and phenomenological challenges of quintessence model building in any numerically controlled regime of the moduli space of string theory. We argue that a working quintessence model requires a leading order non-supersymmetric (near) Minkowski vacuum with an axionic flat direction. This axion, when lifted by subdominant non-perturbative effects, could drive hilltop quintessence only for highly tuned initial conditions and a very low inflationary scale. Our analysis has two important implications. Firstly, scenarios which are in agreement with the swampland conjectures, such as those that include runaways, or supersymmetric AdS and Minkowski vacua, cannot give rise to phenomenologically viable quintessence with full computational control. This raises doubts on the validity of the swampland dS conjecture since it would imply a strong tension between quantum gravity and observations. Secondly, if data should prefer dynamical dark energy, axion models based on alignment mechanisms look more promising than highly contrived hilltop scenarios.
description: 36 pages
Brachinus (Brachynidius) sclopeta
Creators: name: Samin, Najmeh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Brachinus
Brachinus sclopeta

description: Brachinus (Brachynidius) sclopeta (Fabricius, 1792)
 Material examined: Province of West Azarbaijan: Ourmieh, 37°33′N 45°00′E, 2♀♀, 3-5 August 2013.
description: Published as part of Samin, Najmeh, 2015, A study on the ground beetles (Coleoptera ¡ Carabidae) from some regions of Northwestern Iran., pp. 365-372 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 366, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12715038
Cosmological Constraints on Dark Scalar
Creators: name: Ibe, Masahiro
name: Kobayashi, Shin
name: Nakayama, Yuhei
name: Shirai, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss cosmological constraints on a dark scalar particle mixing with the Standard Model Higgs boson. We pay particular attention to the dark scalar production process when the reheating temperature of the Universe is very low, which allows us to give a conservative limit on the low-mass scalar particle. We also study the effect of the self-interaction of the dark scalars and find this has a significant impact on the cosmological constraints. We obtain the most conservative cosmological constraint on the dark scalar, which is complementary to accelerator experiments and astrophysical observations.
description: 42 pages, 19 figures
Pheropsophus (Stenaptinus) catoirei Dejean 1825
Creators: name: Samin, Najmeh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Pheropsophus
Pheropsophus catoirei

description: Pheropsophus (Stenaptinus) catoirei Dejean, 1825   Material examined: Province of East Azarbaijan: KAleyBAr, 38°54′N 47°03′E, 3♀♀, 7 July 2012.
description: Published as part of Samin, Najmeh, 2015, A study on the ground beetles (Coleoptera ¡ Carabidae) from some regions of Northwestern Iran., pp. 365-372 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 366, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12715038
Instanton effects vs resurgence in the $O(3)$ sigma model
Creators: name: Bajnok, Zoltan
name: Balog, Janos
name: Hegedus, Arpad
name: Vona, Istvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ground-state energy of the integrable two dimensional $O(3)$ sigma model in a magnetic field. By determining a large number of perturbative coefficients we explore the closest singularities of the corresponding Borel function. We then confront its median resummation to the high precision numerical solution of the exact integral equation and observe that the leading exponentially suppressed contribution is not related to the asymptotics of the perturbative coefficients. By analytically expanding the integral equation we calculate the leading non-perturbative contributions up to fourth order and find complete agreement. These anomalous terms could be attributed to instantons, while the asymptotics of the perturbative coefficients seems to be related to renormalons.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Chlaenius (Chlaenius) festivus
Creators: name: Samin, Najmeh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Chlaenius
Chlaenius festivus

description: Chlaenius (Chlaenius) festivus (Panzer, 1796)   Material examined: Province of West Azarbaijan: SAlmAs, 38°11′N 44°44′E, 2♀♀, 3-6 April 2013.
description: Published as part of Samin, Najmeh, 2015, A study on the ground beetles (Coleoptera ¡ Carabidae) from some regions of Northwestern Iran., pp. 365-372 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 366, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12715038
Krylov Localization and suppression of complexity
Creators: name: Rabinovici, E.
name: Sánchez-Garrido, A.
name: Shir, R.
name: Sonner, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum complexity, suitably defined, has been suggested as an important probe of late-time dynamics of black holes, particularly in the context of AdS/CFT. A notion of quantum complexity can be effectively captured by quantifying the spread of an operator in Krylov space as a consequence of time evolution. Complexity is expected to behave differently in chaotic many-body systems, as compared to integrable ones. In this paper we investigate Krylov complexity for the case of interacting integrable models at finite size and find that complexity saturation is suppressed as compared to chaotic systems. We associate this behavior with a novel localization phenomenon on the Krylov chain by mapping the theory of complexity growth and spread to an Anderson localization hopping model with off-diagonal disorder, and find that localization is enhanced in the integrable case due to a stronger disorder in the hopping amplitudes, inducing an effective suppression of Krylov complexity. We demonstrate this behavior for an interacting integrable model, the XXZ spin chain, and show that the same behavior results from a phenomenological model that we define: This model captures the essential features of our analysis and is able to reproduce the behaviors we observe for chaotic and integrable systems via an adjustable disorder parameter.
description: v1: 37 pages, 13 figures. v2: published version
Discrete integrable equations on face-centered cubics: consistency and Lax pairs of corner equations
Creators: name: Kels, Andrew P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new set of discrete integrable equations, called face-centered quad equations, was recently obtained using new types of interaction-round-a-face solutions of the classical Yang-Baxter equation. These equations satisfy a new formulation of multidimensional consistency, known as consistency-around-a-face-centered-cube (CAFCC), which requires consistency of an overdetermined system of fourteen five-point equations on the face-centered cubic unit cell. In this paper a new formulation of CAFCC is introduced where so-called type-C equations are centered at faces of the face-centered cubic unit cell, whereas previously they were only centered at corners. This allows type-C equations to be regarded as independent multidimensionally consistent integrable systems on higher-dimensional lattices and is used to establish their Lax pairs.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, v2: improvements to text, accepted version
Mutations in FUS are the most frequent genetic cause in juvenile sporadic ALS patients of Chinese origin
Creators: name: Zhang-Yu Zou
name: Liu, Ming-Sheng
name: Li, Xiao-Guang
name: Cui, Li-Ying
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Juvenile onset ALS is a very rare form of motor neuron disease, with the first symptoms of motor neuron degeneration manifested before 25 years of age. Mutations in the alsin (ALS2), senataxin (SETX), and spatacsin (SPG11) genes have been associated with familial ALS with juvenile onset and slow progression, whereas the genetic architecture of sporadic juvenile ALS remains unclear. We screened mutations in C9orf72, SOD1, FUS, TARDBP, ANG, VCP and PFN1 in 16 juvenile sporadic ALS patients. Four cases (25%) carrying FUS mutations and one individual (6%) harbouring a SOD1 mutation were identified. All cases had an aggressive disease course. Our results suggest that FUS mutations are the most frequent genetic cause in early-onset sporadic ALS patients of Chinese origin. Genetic testing of FUS should be performed in early-onset ALS patients especially those with an aggressive disease course.
Evolution and trade-off dynamics of functional load
Creators: name: Round, Erich
name: Dockum, Rikker
name: Ryder, Robin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.5

description: Function Load (FL) quantifies the contributions by phonological contrasts to distinctions made across the lexicon. Previous research has linked particularly low values of FL to sound change. Here we broaden the scope of enquiry into FL, to its evolution at all values. We apply phylogenetic methods to examine the diachronic evolution of FL across 90 languages of the Pama-Nyungan (PN) family of Australia. We find a high degree of phylogenetic signal in FL. Though phylogenetic signal has been reported for phonological structures, such as phonotactics, its detection in measures of phonological function is novel. We also find a significant, negative correlation between the FL of vowel length and of the following consonant, that is, a deep-time historical trade-off dynamic, which we relate to known allophony in modern PN languages and compensatory sound changes in their past. The finding reveals a historical dynamic, similar to transphonologization, which we characterize as a flow of contrastiveness between subsystems of the phonology. Recurring across a language family which spans a whole continent and many millennia of time depth, our finding provides one of the most compelling examples yet of Sapir's 'drift' hypothesis, of non-accidentally parallel development in historically related languages.
Artificial Intelligence Supported Shell-Model Calculations for Light Sn Isotopes
Creators: name: Akkoyun, Serkan
name: Yakhelef, Abderrahmane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The region around the doubly magic nuclide $^{100}Sn$ is very interesting for nuclear physics studies in terms of structure, reaction and nuclear astrophysics. The main ingredients in nuclear structure studies using the shell model are the single-particle energies and the two-body matrix elements. To obtain the former, experimental data of $^{101}Sn$ isotope spectrum are necessary. Since there is not enough experimental data, different approaches are used in the literature to obtain single-particle energies. In sn100pn interaction, the hole excitation spectrum was used in $^{131}Sn$ to determine neutron single-particle energies. The other approach is the use of the lightest isotope, $^{107}Sn$, which figures the model space orbitals. In this study, we estimated the spectrum of the $^{101}Sn$ isotope by artificial neural network method in order to obtain neutron single-particle energies. After the training was carried out by using the experimental spectra of the nuclei around $^{100}Sn$ isotope, the $^{101}Sn$ spectrum was obtained. Subsequently, neutron SPEs of the model space orbitals are defined. Shell model calculations for $^{102-108}Sn$ isotopes are carried out and results are compared to the experimental data and results obtained using the widely used interaction in the region, sn100pn. According to the results, it is seen that the Sn isotope spectra obtained with the new SPE values are more compatible with the experimental data.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
The passage of a vortex electron over an inclined grating
Creators: name: Pupasov-Maksimov, A.
name: Karlovets, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Smith-Purcell radiation from a conducting grating generated by an inclined passage of a shaped electron wave packet with an electric quadrupole moment in the non-paraxial regime. Spreading of an asymmetric wave packet induces quadrupole corrections to the radiation field. Although the non-paraxial corrections stay small, they are dynamically enhanced during the interaction of the electron with the grating whose length exceeds the Rayleigh length of the packet. To simplify the possible experimental setup where such effects could be measured, we study the dependence of these effects on the inclination angle, i.e. the angle between the mean velocity of the packet and the surface of the grating. There is a minimal angle such that the multipole expansion always stays valid at the grating surface. In such a regime, the quadrupole contribution to the Smith-Purcell radiation can become the leading one, which represents a novel quantum effect impossible for classical point-like electrons. Thus, the impact of the wave-packet shape (vortex structure or non-spherical shape) can be observed experimentally by comparing the radiation for different orientations of the grating in the single-electron regime.
Chlaenius (Chlaeniellus) vestitus
Creators: name: Samin, Najmeh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Chlaenius
Chlaenius vestitus

description: Chlaenius (Chlaeniellus) vestitus (Paykull, 1790)
 Material examined: Province of East Azarbaijan: MArAgheh, 37°23′N 46°24′E, 1♀, 2 ♂♂, 28-30 May 2011.
description: Published as part of Samin, Najmeh, 2015, A study on the ground beetles (Coleoptera ¡ Carabidae) from some regions of Northwestern Iran., pp. 365-372 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 366, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12715038
Calosoma (Campalita) algiricum Gehin 1885
Creators: name: Samin, Najmeh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Calosoma
Calosoma algiricum

description: Calosoma (Campalita) algiricum Géhin, 1885
 Material examined: Province of West Azarbaijan: Maku, 39°29'N 44.51°E, 1 ♂, 19 July 2011.
description: Published as part of Samin, Najmeh, 2015, A study on the ground beetles (Coleoptera ¡ Carabidae) from some regions of Northwestern Iran., pp. 365-372 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 366, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12715038