cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Systematics of IIB spinorial geometry
Creators: name: Gran, U.
name: Gutowski, J.
name: Papadopoulos, G.
name: Roest, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reduce the classification of all supersymmetric backgrounds of IIB supergravity to the evaluation of the Killing spinor equations and their integrability conditions, which contain the field equations, on five types of spinors. This extends the work of [hep-th/0503046] to IIB supergravity. We give the expressions of the Killing spinor equations on all five types of spinors. In this way, the Killing spinor equations become a linear system for the fluxes, geometry and spacetime derivatives of the functions that determine the Killing spinors. This system can be solved to express the fluxes in terms of the geometry and determine the conditions on the geometry of any supersymmetric background. Similarly, the integrability conditions of the Killing spinor equations are turned into a linear system. This can be used to determine the field equations that are implied by the Killing spinor equations for any supersymmetric background. We show that these linear systems simplify for generic backgrounds with maximal and half-maximal number of $H$-invariant Killing spinors, $H\subset Spin(9,1)$. In the maximal case, the Killing spinor equations factorize, whereas in the half-maximal case they do not. As an example, we solve the Killing spinor equations of backgrounds with two $SU(4)\ltimes \bR^8$-invariant Killing spinors. We also solve the linear systems associated with the integrability conditions of maximally supersymmetric $Spin(7)\ltimes\bR^8$- and $SU(4)\ltimes\bR^8$-backgrounds and determine the field equations that are not implied by the Killing spinor equations.
description: 67 pages
ARE ECO-LABELS VALUABLE? EVIDENCE FROM THE APPAREL INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Nimon, R. Wesley
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Nimon, R. Wesley
name: Beghin, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Eco-labels
subject: organic-cotton apparel
subject: natural dye
subject: hedonic price

description: Using U.S. apparel catalogue data, we estimate hedonic price functions to identify market valuation of environmental attributes of apparel goods. We identify a significant and robust premium for the organic fibers embodied in the apparel goods. We find an additional organic premium for baby items. However, we do not find evidence of a premium for environment-friendly dyes. We further investigate the pricing behavior of apparel suppliers for potential departure from competitive pricing of this environmental attribute and find no evidence different premium across firms, suggesting price-taking behavior in the environmental attribute space.
title: Mobilitätsbildung für Menschen mit geistiger Behinderung
title: Theoretische Reflexion und konzeptionelle Aspekte.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Wolf, Markus
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2024

description: Menschen mit geistiger Behinderung sind häufig in besonderem Maße in ihrer Mobilität eingeschränkt und verfügen über weniger umfangreiche internalisierte Mobilitätskompetenzen als Menschen ohne Behinderung, was ihnen eine selbstständige und sichere Teilhabe im Straßenverkehr erschwert. So greifen sie meist auf organisierte Fahrdienste zurück. 

Um die Möglichkeiten und Chancen zu mehr Selbstständigkeit und mehr gesellschaftlicher Teilhabe für Menschen mit geistiger Behinderung im öffentlichen Raum zu verbessern, sind aus Sicht der Heil- und Sonderpädagogik eine frühzeitige Verkehrserziehung und Mobilitätsbildung mit entscheidend. 

Personen mit geistiger Behinderung haben partielle Bereiche betreffende Lernschwierigkeiten, die sich individuell sehr unterscheiden. Gerade die Transferleistungen von der Theorie zur Praxis sowie von Schonraum (Übungsgelände) zu Realsituation (Straßenverkehr) stellen für sie häufig eine große Herausforderung aufgrund ihrer momentanen Kompetenz und damit für ihre eigenständige Mobilität dar. 
Es werden Vorschläge und Prinzipien ausgearbeitet, wie diesen Herausforderungen im pädagogischen Handeln sinnvoll begegnet werden kann.

Die Thematik Mobilität im Allgemeinen und Mobilität im Kontext geistiger Behinderung wird aufgegriffen. Ausgehend von einem Spannungsverhältnis zwischen der Subjektivität auf der einen sowie den sozial-strukturellen Faktoren auf der anderen Seite, thematisiert das vorliegende Buch eine differenzierte Auseinandersetzung über das Phänomen der (geistigen) Be-hinderung. Dies geschieht sowohl vor dem Hintergrund einer systemtheoretischen Herangehensweise als auch im Hinblick auf pädagogisches Handeln unter heilpädagogischen Leitprinzipien, die im Kontext persönlicher Mobilität reflektiert werden. Kompetenzorientierung und Bildung bei geistiger Behinderung sowie Selbstbestimmung, Selbstständigkeit und Empowerment rücken dabei ebenso in den Fokus, wie eine weitere theoretische Reflexion und kritische Auseinandersetzung über Barrieren, Inklusion und Teilhabe im Blickwinkel eines systemtheoretischen Verständnisses, die weiterführend mit einem Diskurs über Bildung und Mobilitätsbildung bei geistiger Behinderung ihren Abschluss finden.
Continuum Theory for Piezoelectricity in Nanotubes and Nanowires
Creators: name: Michalski, P. J.
name: Sai, Na
name: Mele, E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop and solve a continuum theory for the piezoelectric response of one dimensional nanotubes and nanowires, and apply the theory to study electromechanical effects in BN nanotubes. We find that the polarization of a nanotube depends on its aspect ratio, and a dimensionless constant specifying the ratio of the strengths of the elastic and electrostatic interactions. The solutions of the model as these two parameters are varied are discussed. The theory is applied to estimate the electric potential induced along the length of a BN nanotube in response to a uniaxial stress.
description: 4 pages in RevTex4, 2 epsf figures
CREDIT MARKET CONSTRAINTS AND PROFITABILITY IN TUNISIAN AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Foltz, Jeremy D.
name: Foltz, Jeremy D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Financial Economics

description: This work investigates the link between constraints in agricultural credit markets and farm profitability in a developing country setting. Using data from rural Tunisia in a switching econometric model, this work directly estimates both the determinants of credit constraints and their effects on farm profits. Policy implications are down from the significant differences in estimated profit functions of constrained and unconstrained farmers.
A posteriori tests of subgrid-scale models in an isothermal turbulent channel flow
Creators: name: Dupuy, Dorian
name: Toutant, Adrien
name: Bataille, Françoise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper studies the large-eddy simulation (LES) of isothermal turbulent channel flows. We investigate zero-equation algebraic models without wall function or wall model: functional models, structural models and mixed models. In addition to models from the literature, new models are proposed and their relevance is examined. Dynamic versions of each type of model are also analysed. The performance of the subgrid-scale models is assessed using the same finite difference numerical method and physical configuration. The friction Reynolds number of the simulations is 180. Three different mesh resolutions are used. The predictions of large-eddy simulations are compared to a direct numerical simulation filtered at the resolution of the LES meshes. The results are more accurate than a simulation without model. The predictions of functional eddy-viscosity models can be improved using constant-parameter or dynamic tensorial methods.
THE IMPACT OF THE EXPORT ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM ON INTERNATIONAL FEED BARLEY MARKETS
Creators: name: Schmitz, Troy G.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Wahl, Thomas I.
name: Schmitz, Troy G.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Wahl, Thomas I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
International Relations/Trade

description: A "hybrid" spatial price equilibrium model is developed to evaluate differences in trade flows and equilibrium prices for feed and malting barley exports from the U.S., Canada, Australia, and European Union, caused by the U.S. Export Enhancement Program (EEP). The analysis incorporates the relationships among several policy instruments.
Enhancing spatial and textual analysis with EUPEG: an extensible and unified platform for evaluating geoparsers
Creators: name: Wang, Jimin
name: Hu, Yingjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A rich amount of geographic information exists in unstructured texts, such as Web pages, social media posts, housing advertisements, and historical archives. Geoparsers are useful tools that extract structured geographic information from unstructured texts, thereby enabling spatial analysis on textual data. While a number of geoparsers were developed, they were tested on different datasets using different metrics. Consequently, it is difficult to compare existing geoparsers or to compare a new geoparser with existing ones. In recent years, researchers created open and annotated corpora for testing geoparsers. While these corpora are extremely valuable, much effort is still needed for a researcher to prepare these datasets and deploy geoparsers for comparative experiments. This paper presents EUPEG: an Extensible and Unified Platform for Evaluating Geoparsers. EUPEG is an open source and Web based benchmarking platform which hosts a majority of open corpora, geoparsers, and performance metrics reported in the literature. It enables direct comparison of the hosted geoparsers, and a new geoparser can be connected to EUPEG and compared with other geoparsers. The main objective of EUPEG is to reduce the time and effort that researchers have to spend in preparing datasets and baselines, thereby increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of comparative experiments.
ECOLOGICAL-ECONOMIC MODELING ON A WATERSHED BASIS: A CASE STUDY OF THE CACHE RIVER OF SOUTHERN ILLINOIS
Creators: name: Beaulieu, Jeffrey R.
name: Bennett, David
name: Kraft, Steven E.
name: Sengupta, Raja
name: Beaulieu, Jeffrey R.
name: Bennett, David
name: Kraft, Steven E.
name: Sengupta, Raja
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: A digitally represented watershed landscape (ARC/INFO GIS) is merged with farm optimization (linear programming) and sediment and chemical transport (AGNPS) models. Enhanced targeting of non-point source pollution to remedial policy and management initiatives result. The implications of which are linked back to farm income and forward to the managed ecosystem.
Emergence of hexatic and long-range herringbone order in two-dimensional smectic liquid crystals : A Monte Carlo study
Creators: name: Shahbazi, Farhad
name: Ghanbari, rasool
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a high resolution Monte Carlo simulation technique based on multi-histogram method and cluster-algorithm, we have investigated critical properties of a coupled XY model, consists of a six-fold symmetric hexatic and a three-fold symmetric herringbone field, in two dimensions. The simulation results demonstrate a series of novel continues transitions, in which both long-range hexatic and herringbone orderings are established simultaneously. It is found that the specific-heat anomaly exponents for some regions in coupling constants space are in excellent agreement with the experimentally measured exponents extracted from heat-capacity data near the smecticA-hexaticB transition of two-layer free standing films
Thermal deflection decoupled 6-DOF pose measurement of hexapods
Creators: name: Kalas, Vinayak Jagannathrao
name: Vissiere, Alain
name: Company, Olivier
name: Krut, Sébastien
name: Noiré, Pierre
name: Roux, Thierry
name: Pierrot, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Calibration is crucial for hexapods with high-accuracy positioning capability. Many of these calibration procedures require measurement of hexapod's platform pose (position and orientation) at constant temperature. Consequently, thermal deflection of the hexapod's platform during pose measurements impacts the accuracy of calibrated parameters. This paper presents a method to eliminate the impact of thermal deflection of hexapods on their pose measurement. In this method, a reference pose is measured before each measurement of any particular pose. The measurements of reference pose are used to estimate thermal deflection of hexapod's legs. This is in turn used to estimate and correct the resulting pose error at the particular pose to be measured. The advantage of using the proposed method is demonstrated experimentally by means of pose measurements of a high-precision hexapod using a CMM.
Levels or Differences in Meat Demand Specification
Creators: name: Hahn, William F.
name: Jones, Keithly G.
name: Davis, Christopher G.
name: Hahn, William F.
name: Jones, Keithly G.
name: Davis, Christopher G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: We estimated a wholesale demand system for beef, pork, lamb, chicken, and turkey using quarterly U.S. data and a dynamic, CBS system (Keller and Van Driel). The CBS system is a differential system, which means that it might be more appropriately applied in those situations where the data have unit roots. If there are unit roots, differencing the data can improve the properties of the estimates. If the data do not have unit roots, differencing the data might harm the properties of the estimates. We tested the specification of the model's error terms using state-space techniques. State-space units allow one to deal with roots on the unit circle without filtering the data (See Durbin and Koopman). The demand system has only four independent error terms. The state-space model we used could have decomposed these four independent error terms into four errors with unit roots and four with 0 roots. Adding state-space features to the model greatly improved its performance as measured by the likelihood ratio statistics. The estimates imply that the raw demand data have two unit roots and three 0 roots. Our mixed approach improves the properties of the estimates.
Optimal Traffic Networks
Creators: name: Barthelemy, Marc
name: Flammini, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: General Literature (cs.GL)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Inspired by studies on the airports' network and the physical Internet, we propose a general model of weighted networks via an optimization principle. The topology of the optimal network turns out to be a spanning tree that minimizes a combination of topological and metric quantities. It is characterized by a strongly heterogeneous traffic, non-trivial correlations between distance and traffic and a broadly distributed centrality. A clear spatial hierarchical organization, with local hubs distributing traffic in smaller regions, emerges as a result of the optimization. Varying the parameters of the cost function, different classes of trees are recovered, including in particular the minimum spanning tree and the shortest path tree. These results suggest that a variational approach represents an alternative and possibly very meaningful path to the study of the structure of complex weighted networks.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, final revised version
Composite fermions close to the one-half filling of the lowest Landau level revisited
Creators: name: Farid, Behnam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By strictly adhering to the microscopic theory of composite fermions for the Landau-level filling fractions nu_e = p/(2 p + 1), we reproduce, with remarkable accuracy, the surface-acoustic-wave (SAW)-based experimental results by Willett and co-workers concerning two-dimensional electron systems with nu_e close to 1/2. Our results imply that the electron band mass m_b, as distinct from the composite fermion mass m_*, must undergo a substantial increase under the conditions corresponding to nu_e approximately equal to 1/2. In view of the relatively low aerial electronic densities n_e to which the underlying SAW experiments correspond, our finding conforms with the experimental results by Shashkin et al. [Phys. Rev. B 66, 073303 (2002)], concerning two-dimensional electrons in silicon, that signal sharp increase in m_b for n_e decreasing below approximately 2 x 10^{11} cm^{-2}. We further establish that a finite mean-free path l_0 is essential for the observed linearity of the longitudinal conductivity sigma_{xx}(q) as deduced from the SAW velocity shifts.
description: 5 pages, 2 postscript figures
Preventing CAUTI: improving nursing CAUTI knowledge and use of CAUTI prevention strategies
Creators: name: Antwi, Ruth
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Purpose of Project: The project’s purpose was to increase nursing CAUTI prevention knowledge and compliance and electronic documentation adherence through the implementation of a CAUTI prevention education PowerPoint and an evidenced-based indwelling urinary catheter checklist in two medical-surgical units (MSUs).Methodology: Convenience sampling was used to obtain volunteers. Data from the pre and post-test questionnaire, the pre and post-self-reported compliance survey form, and the electronic documentation were analyzed. Results: The patient care associates’ (PCAs) of Unit A and Units B (t (4) =-3.64, p=0.01) questionnaire scores met the objective of a 30% increase. Unit A’s registered nurses (RNs) (t (10) =-2.95, p=0.01), Unit B’s RNs (t (15) =-2.73, p=0.02) and Unit B’s PCAs (t (4) =-3.28, p=0.01) were statistically significant but did not meet the project’s objectives. Unit A’s electronic documentation compliance increased by 17.8%; no change was noted for Unit B. Unfortunately, the standardized utilization ratio (SUR) was not used because the analysis was suspended by the CDC for the first and second quarter of 2020 due to the coronavirus pandemic.Implications: The project supported current evidence that CAUTI prevention education and checklists can improve knowledge, compliance, and electronic documentation adherence. More research is warranted in MSUs and to determine if such improvement is associated with decreases in SUR.
Willingness to Pay for PEF-processed Orange Juice: Evidence from an Auction Experiment
Creators: name: Chern, Wen S.
name: Kaneko, Naoya
name: Tarakcioglu, Gulay Babadogan
name: Chern, Wen S.
name: Kaneko, Naoya
name: Tarakcioglu, Gulay Babadogan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: This paper presents the results of experimental auctions of the orange juice processed with the pulsed electric field (PEF) technology. A series of experimental auctions are conducted to elicit consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for the PEF orange juice along with WTP for three other types of orange juice: unprocessed (fresh), thermally processed not-from-concentrate, and thermally processed from-concentrate orange juice. We adopt the second-price sealed-bid auction. With this auction method, the highest bidder claims the product at the price equal to the second highest bid. The auction results show that unprocessed "fresh" juice had the highest mean bidding price of $2.68/half gallon. The second-highest mean bidding price was for PEF juice at $2.48/half gallon; the third-highest was for not-from-concentrate juice at $1.95/half gallon; and the lowest was for concentrate juice at $1.31/half gallon. The bids were affected by product tasting. The mean bidding price for PEF juice dropped by nearly 17% after tasting.
ON THE REVELATION OF ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION OF THE PRIVATE INSURANCE COMPANIES IN THE US CROP INSURANCE PROGRAM
Creators: name: Ker, Alan P.
name: Ergun, A. Tolga
name: Ker, Alan P.
name: Ergun, A. Tolga
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: The participation of intermediaries in either public policy or private markets can be justified on the basis of efficiency gains. With respect to private insurance company involvement in the U.S. crop insurance program, efficiency gains may arise from either decreased transaction costs through better established delivery channels and/or the revelation of asymmetric information. Although anecdotal evidence indicates that delivery costs are excessive that question is better left for forensic accountants. We focus on the revelation of asymmetric information. Specifically, we test if insurance companies reveal asymmetric information to the government via their allocation decisions and discuss the policy implications.
SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS OF AGRICULTURAL AND NON-AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN RURAL NORTH DAKOTA
Creators: name: DeVuyst, Cheryl Sinn
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Schepp, Angela
name: DeVuyst, Cheryl Sinn
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Schepp, Angela
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Information from the groups of development communities and control communities is compared and contrasted to discern similarities and differences in the effects of the different types of development initiatives and to develop a set of general principles and recommended actions for community leaders to follow when planning for a new employer.
Theoretical Study of Comb-Polymers Adsorption on Solid Surfaces
Creators: name: Sartori, Anna
name: Johner, Albert
name: Viovy, Jean-Louis
name: Joanny, Jean-Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a theoretical investigation of the physical adsorption of neutral comb-polymers with an adsorbing skeleton and non-adsorbing side-chains on a flat surface. Such polymers are particularly interesting as "dynamic coating" matrices for bio-separations, especially for DNA sequencing, capillary electrophoresis and lab-on-chips. Separation performances are increased by coating the inner surface of the capillaries with neutral polymers. This method allows to screen the surface charges, thus to prevent electro-osmosis flow and adhesion of charged macromolecules (e.g. proteins) on the capillary walls. We identify three adsorption regimes: a "mushroom" regime, in which the coating is formed by strongly adsorbed skeleton loops and the side-chains anchored on the skeleton are in a swollen state, a "brush" regime, characterized by a uniform multi-chains coating with an extended layer of non-adsorbing side-chains and a non-adsorbed regime. By using a combination of mean field and scaling approaches, we explicitly derive asymptotic forms for the monomer concentration profiles, for the adsorption free energy and for the thickness of the adsorbed layer as a function of the skeleton and side-chains sizes and of the adsorption parameters. Moreover, we obtain the scaling laws for the transitions between the different regimes. These predictions can be checked by performing experiments aimed at investigating polymer adsorption, such as Neutron or X-ray Reflectometry, Ellipsometry, Quartz Microbalance, or Surface Force Apparatus.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures, to be published in Macromolecules
MPEC 2024-T238 : 2024 TT9
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 TT9

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Bifurcations of the magnetic axis and the alternating-hyperbolic sawtooth
Creators: name: Smiet, C. B.
name: Kramer, G. J.
name: Hudson, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a sawtooth model that explains observations where the central safety factor, $q_0$, stays well below one, which is irreconcilable with current models that predict a reset to $q_0=1$ after the crash. We identify the structure of the field around the magnetic axis with elements of the Lie group $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$ and find a transition to an alternating-hyperbolic geometry when $q_0=2/3$. This transition is driven by an ideal MHD instability and leads to a chaotic magnetic field near the axis.
Manure Stew - U.S. Ingredients: Carrots, Sticks, and Water
Creators: name: Johansson, Robert C.
name: Kaplan, Jonathan D.
name: Johansson, Robert C.
name: Kaplan, Jonathan D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Increased funding for agri-environmental programs and increased regulation of manure waste will affect the U.S. agricultural sector and environmental quality. This paper explores the economic and environmental consequences from livestock producers' adoption of manure management strategies and crop producers' use of manure nutrients under various payment schemes.
Galaxy Optical Variability of Virgo Cluster: New Tracer for Environmental Influences on Galaxies
Creators: name: Yang, Fan
name: Long, Richard J.
name: Shan, Su-Su
name: Ge, Jun-Qiang
name: Guo, Rui
name: Zhang, Bo
name: Gao, Ji-Hua
name: Ji, Xiang
name: Liu, Ji-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the relationship between the optical variability of galaxies and their distances from the centre of the Virgo Cluster using Palomar Transient Factory data. We define the ratio between the standard deviation of the galaxy brightness and the mean value of the standard deviation as a measure of a galaxy's optical variability. A sample of 814 Virgo galaxies with 230263 observations shows a monotonically decreasing trend of optical variability with increasing clustercentric distance. The variability level inside the cluster is 3.2$σ$ higher than the level outside. We fit the variability with a linear function and find that the data reject a distance-independent model. We examine 217 background galaxies for comparison and find no significant trend in galaxy variability. We assess the relation with Monte Carlo simulation by rebuilding the brightness of each galaxy. The simulation shows a monotonically decreasing relation for member galaxy variability and a distance-independent relation for background galaxies. Our result is consistent with the theory that the cold gas flowing inwards the cluster centre fuels AGN activity. This work is a new implementation of the method using optical variability to investigate the relation between galaxies evolution and their environment.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, in Press (accepted by MNRAS Letters)
Enhanced effective mass in doped SrTiO3 and related perovskites
Creators: name: Wunderlich, Wilfried
name: Ohta, Hiromichi
name: Koumoto, Kunihito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective mass is one of the main factors determining the Seebeck coefficient and electronic conductivity. Nb-doping increases the effective mass because of two reasons, lattice constants increase and electronic effects. In this ab-initio study the effective mass is estimated from the curvature of electronic bands and it could be clarified that the deformation of SrTiO3 crystals has a significant influence on bandgap and effective DOS and band mass, which are both in excellent agreement to experimental data. However, the electronic effect due to the e2g- band flattening near the Gamma-point due to Nb-doping up to 0.2 at% is the main factor for the increase of effective mass. Doping of La shows a linear decrease of the effective mass; this is explained by the different surrounding of A- and B-site. Substitution of other elements like Ba on the A-site and V on the B-site in SrTiO3 were also found to increase the effective mass.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables
MATEMATIKADA СHЕKLI АYIRMАLАR USULINI O`RGANISHNING AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Eronov, Omonboy
name: Raximova, Feruza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Mazkur mаqolаdа сhеklі аyіrmаlаr usulіnіng mohіyаtі ko`rsаtіb bеrіlаdі hаmdа ulаrnіng mаtеmаtіkа vа fіzіkа sohаsіdа mаsаlаlаr yесhіshdаgі аhmіyаtі tаhlіl еtіlаdі.
THE IMPACT OF REFORMING WHEAT IMPORTING STATE-TRADING ENTERPRISES ON THE QUALITY OF WHEAT IMPORTED
Creators: name: Lavoie, Nathalie
name: Lavoie, Nathalie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Recent surveys of wheat importers indicate that countries that import wheat via a state trader are less sensitive to quality issues in import decision making than countries that import wheat through private traders. This study examines conceptually and empirically the impact of the deregulation of wheat imports on the quality and source of wheat imports.
On the geometry of Killing and conformal tensors
Creators: name: Coll, Bartolomé
name: Ferrando, Joan Josep
name: Sáez, Juan Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The second order Killing and conformal tensors are analyzed in terms of their spectral decomposition, and some properties of the eigenvalues and the eigenspaces are shown. When the tensor is of type I with only two different eigenvalues, the condition to be a Killing or a conformal tensor is characterized in terms of its underlying almost-product structure. A canonical expression for the metrics admitting these kinds of symmetries is also presented. The space-time cases 1+3 and 2+2 are analyzed in more detail. Starting from this approach to Killing and conformal tensors a geometric interpretation of some results on quadratic first integrals of the geodesic equation in vacuum Petrov-Bel type D solutions is offered. A generalization of these results to a wider family of type D space-times is also obtained. A generalization of these results to a wider family of type D space-times is also obtained.
description: 18 pages; v-3: minor changes
New Graviton Mass Bound from Binary Pulsars
Creators: name: Shao, Lijing
name: Wex, Norbert
name: Zhou, Shuang-Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Einstein's general relativity, gravity is mediated by a massless metric field. The extension of general relativity to consistently include a mass for the graviton has profound implications for gravitation and cosmology. Salient features of various massive gravity theories can be captured by Galileon models, the simplest of which is the cubic Galileon. The presence of the Galileon field leads to additional gravitational radiation in binary pulsars where the Vainshtein mechanism is less suppressed than its fifth-force counterpart, which deserves a detailed confrontation with observations. We prudently choose fourteen well-timed binary pulsars, and from their intrinsic orbital decay rates we put a new bound on the graviton mass, $m_g \lesssim 2 \times 10^{-28}\,{\rm eV}/c^2$ at the 95% confidence level, assuming a flat prior on $\ln m_g$. It is equivalent to a bound on the graviton Compton wavelength $λ_g \gtrsim 7 \times 10^{21}\,{\rm m}$. Furthermore, we extensively simulate times of arrival for pulsars in orbit around stellar-mass black holes and the supermassive black hole at the Galactic center, and investigate their prospects in probing the cubic Galileon theory in the near future.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures; accepted by PRD
PERSPECTIVES ON COTTON GLOBAL TRADE REFORMS
Creators: name: MacDonald, Stephen
name: Meyer, Leslie A.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: MacDonald, Stephen
name: Meyer, Leslie A.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: World cotton prices fell to nearly unprecedented levels during the 2001/02 marketing year, causing distress to cotton producers and exporters worldwide. In a number of developing countries highly dependent on cotton for export earnings or where cotton is the primary cash crop, this distress was particularly acute. Global trade barriers to cotton are widespread, leading to some concern about the relationship between these trade barriers and global welfare. In particular, with the Doha Development Agenda's negotiations underway, discussion about the impact of trade barriers on the cotton sectors of developing countries has become more intense. A static computable general equilibrium (CGE) model finds that removing cotton tariffs and other trade barriers to cotton by all countries increases global welfare but only slightly. Global welfare improves with liberalization, and the welfare of developing countries in aggregate also improves. However, while some developing countries demonstrably benefit, not all developing countries see welfare gains. In addition to welfare, removing all global cotton trade barriers increases world trade in cotton.
Tracing the Nature of Dark Energy with Galaxy Distribution
Creators: name: Solevi, P.
name: Mainini, R.
name: Bonometto, S. A.
name: Maccio', A. V.
name: Klypin, A.
name: Gottloeber, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical Dark Energy (DE) is a viable alternative to the cosmological constant. Yet, constructing tests to discriminate between Lambda and dynamical DE models is difficult because the differences are not large. In this paper we explore tests based on the galaxy mass function, the void probability function (VPF), and the number of galaxy clusters. At high z the number density of clusters shows large differences between DE models, but geometrical factors reduce the differences substantially. We find that detecting a model dependence in the cluster redshift distribution is a hard challenge. We show that the galaxy redshift distribution is potentially a more sensitive characteristics. We do so by populating dark matter halos in Nbody simulations with galaxies using well-tested Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD). We also estimate the Void Probability Function and find that, in samples with the same angular surface density of galaxies in different models, the VPF is almost model independent and cannot be used as a test for DE. Once again, geometry and cosmic evolution compensate each other. By comparing VPF's for samples with fixed galaxy mass limits, we find measurable differences.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, dependence on mass-luminosity relation discussed, minor changes to match the accepted version by MNRAS
BioExcel-2 Deliverable 2.2 – First release of workflow-ready building blocks library
Creators: name: Hospital, Adam
name: Genís Bayarri
name: Reyes, Stian Soiland-
name: Gelpí, Josep Lluís
name: Andrio, Pau
name: Lezzi, Daniele
name: Butcher, Sarah
name: Niewielska, Ania
name: Westermaier, Yvonne
name: Badia, Rosa Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Building Blocks
Interoperability
FAIR
Tools
Workflows
Workflow managers
Hardware infrastructures
Container technologies

description: This deliverable presents the first release of the workflow-ready BioExcel building blocks library for the BioExcel-2 period. The initial roadmap of the novel identified building blocks presented in D2.1 is revised, and a new, updated roadmap for the rest of the project is presented. The current situation section contains a description of the new release of the BioExcel building blocks library, including the content of the release, the new library modules recently developed, updates on the already existing modules, new functionalities and bug fixes, and work done into increasing its visibility and outreach. The initial and updated roadmap section contains a revision of the initial roadmap presented in the D2.1 document in PM6, highlighting the milestones reached and issues found. From that, an updated roadmap for the development of the software library during the next 2 years is proposed, including a large set of new building blocks.
HOW AN ONLINE COURSE COMPARES
Creators: name: Wachenheim, Cheryl J.
name: Wachenheim, Cheryl J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Student satisfaction with and performance in an on-line agrisales course is compared with that of students enrolled in a simultaneously-taught classroom course. Assessment tools are developed for both sections. Online and classroom students were equally satisfied with the course and the instructor using most measures, but had different motivators for course enrollment. Overall student performance did not differ, but the composition of such was unique for each group. Results suggest instructors be well prepared to handle unique learner situations prior to marketing an online course.
Voltage-controlled binary conductance switching in gold-4,4'-bipyridine-gold single-molecule nanowires
Creators: name: Mezei, Gréta
name: Balogh, Zoltán
name: Magyarkuti, András
name: Halbritter, András
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate gold-4,4'-bipyridine-gold single-molecule junctions with the mechanically controllable break junction technique at cryogenic temperature ($T=4.2\,\text{K}$). We observe bistable probabilistic conductance switching between the two molecular binding configurations, influenced both by the mechanical actuation, and the applied voltage. We demonstrate that the relative dominance of the two conductance states is tunable by the electrode displacement, whereas the voltage manipulation induces an exponential speedup of both switching times. The detailed investigation of the voltage-tunable switching rates provides an insight into the possible switching mechanisms.
Nanotechnology and Society: A discussion-based undergraduate course
Creators: name: Tahan, Charles
name: Leung, Ricky
name: Zenner, G. M.
name: Ellison, K. D.
name: Crone, W. C.
name: Miller, Clark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanotechnology has emerged as a broad, exciting, yet ill-defined field of scientific research and technological innovation. There are important questions about the technology's potential economic, social, and environmental implications. We discuss an undergraduate course on nanoscience and nanotechnology for students from a wide range of disciplines, including the natural and social sciences, the humanities, and engineering. The course explores these questions and the broader place of technology in contemporary societies. The course is built around active learning methods and seeks to develop the students' critical thinking skills, written and verbal communication abilities, and general knowledge of nanoscience and nanoengineering concepts. Continuous assessment was used to gain information about the effectiveness of class discussions and enhancement of student understanding of the interaction between nanotechnology and society.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. Edited and shortened for readability. Visit http://www.tahan.com/charlie/nanosociety/course201/ for more information
Biologically active secondary metabolites isolated from marine and terrestrial sources
Creators: name: Cinel, Bruno
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A series of new and known secondary metabolites were isolated from marine and terrestrial sources guided by two newly developed, cell-based assays. Investigations into the antimitotic properties of a crude extract from the Caribbean octocoral Erythropodium caribaeorum resulted in the isolation and identification of the known antimitotic agent eleutherobin (61) and six novel structural analogues, 69-74. E. caribaeorum proved to be a new and abundant source of eleutherobin (61), whose pre-clinical development had been impeded by its scarcity, and the structural variations of the new diterpenoids offered key insights into proposed pharmacophore models for microtubule-stabilizing compounds. In addition, single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and NOE difference experiments provided the first solid-state and solution conformations for eleutherobin (61) and may aid in the development of new models for microtubule stabilization. [diagram] The crude extract from a marine sponge, Stylissa flabelliformis, exhibited potent activity in a new bioassay for G2 cell cycle checkpoint inhibitors. Bioassay-guided fractionation of this active extract resulted in the isolation and identification of the natural product [diagram] debromohymenialdisine (91) and three related alkaloids (85, 94, 103). These compounds were the first G2 checkpoint inhibitors to be found by a rational screen and were structurally distinct from previously reported G2 checkpoint inhibitors. In addition, debromohymenialdisine (91) was found to specifically act on the protein kinases Chkl and Chk2, thus providing a new biochemical tool to probe the molecular basis of G2 checkpoint inhibition. [diagram] As a result of a large-scale screen of natural extracts for G2 checkpoint inhibitors, a series of a-pyrones from the Taiwanese tree Cryptocarya concinna were found to exhibit potent inhibitory activity. Bioassay-guided purification resulted in the isolation and identification of the natural product cryptofolione (130) and three related polyketide lactones (148, 131, 138). Synthetic modifications on these metabolites yielded four additional analogues and led to mode of action and structure-activity relationship studies. The G2 checkpoint inhibitors isolated from C. concinna were structurally different from previously known inhibitors and appear to act by a novel mechanism of action. [diagram]
Monte Carlo simulation of an strongly coupled XY model in three dimensions
Creators: name: ghanbari, Rasool
name: Shahbazi, Farhad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many experimental studies, over the past two decades, have constantly reported a novel critical behavior for the transition from Smectic-A phase of liquid crystals to Hexatic-B phase with non-XY critical exponents. However according to symmetry arguments this transition must belong to XY universality class. Using an optimized Monte Carlo simulation technique based on multi-histogram method, we have investigated phase diagram of a coupled XY model, proposed by Bruinsma and Aeppli (PRL {\bf 48}, 1625 (1982)), in three dimensions. The simulation results demonstrate the existence of a tricritical point for this model, in which two different orderings are established simultaneously. This result verifies the accepted idea the large specific heat anomaly exponent observed for SmA-HexB transition could be due to the occurrence of this transition in the vicinity of a tricritical point
THE COSTS AND BENEFITS ASSOCIATED WITH ERADICATING CITRUS CANKER IN FLORIDA
Creators: name: Spreen, Thomas H.
name: Zansler, Marisa
name: Muraro, Ronald P.
name: Roka, Fritz M.
name: Spreen, Thomas H.
name: Zansler, Marisa
name: Muraro, Ronald P.
name: Roka, Fritz M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: A cost-benefit analysis of the on-going eradication of citrus canker in Florida is conducted. Costs include the losses incurred from eradicated groves. Benefits include elimination of the adverse effects of canker on citrus production and marketing.
Accessing low-energy magnetic microstates in symmetry-broken isolated square artificial spin ice vertices with magnetic field
Creators: name: Keswani, Neeti
name: Singh, Ranveer
name: Nakajima, Yoshikata
name: Kumar, Sakthi
name: Som, Tapobrata
name: Das, Pintu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In artificial spin ice systems, an interplay of defects and dipolar interactions is expected to play important roles in stabilizing different collective magnetic states. In this work, we investigated the magnetization reversal of individual defective square artificial spin ice vertices where defects break four-fold rotational symmetry of the system. By varying the angle between the applied field and the geometrical axis of the vertices, we observe a change in energy landscape of the system resulting into the stabilization of collective low-energy magnetic states. We also observe that by changing the angle, it is possible to access different vertex configurations. Micromagnetic simulations are performed for varying angle as well as external field, the results of which are consistent with the experimental data.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures and 2 tables
ESTIMATES OF COST FUNCTIONS FOR PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN RURAL AREAS
Creators: name: Hind, Ian W.
name: Hind, Ian W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Rural depopulation has put in question the economic viability of many rural institutions. This paper discusses a number of the important conceptual issues that need to be considered when examining the economics of one group of rural institutions, namely schools. Measurement of educational output in particular is fraught with many difficulties. The paper then presents some estimates of cost functions for primary schools in rural areas of New South Wales. The approach combines conventional statistical methods of deriving cost functions with synthetic procedures based on the technology of schooling. It is found that economies and diseconomies of size do exist with respect to certain costs, but it is not clear whether savings can be realized from consolidation of schools, due to the existence of extra pupil transport costs resulting from consolidation.