cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Microvascular Ultrasonic Imaging of Angiogenesis Identifies Tumors in a Murine Spontaneous Breast Cancer Model
Creators: name: Stone, J.
name: Shelton, S.E.
name: Gao, F.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Dayton, P.A.
Publisher: name: Hindawi Limited
Year: 2020

description: The purpose of this study is to determine if microvascular tortuosity can be used as an imaging biomarker for the presence of tumor-associated angiogenesis and if imaging this biomarker can be used as a specific and sensitive method of locating solid tumors. Acoustic angiography, an ultrasound-based microvascular imaging technology, was used to visualize angiogenesis development of a spontaneous mouse model of breast cancer (n=48). A reader study was used to assess visual discrimination between image types, and quantitative methods utilized metrics of tortuosity and spatial clustering for tumor detection. The reader study resulted in an area under the curve of 0.8, while the clustering approach resulted in the best classification with an area under the curve of 0.95. Both the qualitative and quantitative methods produced a correlation between sensitivity and tumor diameter. Imaging of vascular geometry with acoustic angiography provides a robust method for discriminating between tumor and healthy tissue in a mouse model of breast cancer. Multiple methods of analysis have been presented for a wide range of tumor sizes. Application of these techniques to clinical imaging could improve breast cancer diagnosis, as well as improve specificity in assessing cancer in other tissues. The clustering approach may be beneficial for other types of morphological analysis beyond vascular ultrasound images.
PROGRAMA DE INTERVENCIÓN PSICOSOCIAL EN PACIENTES CON HIPERTENSIÓNE INTERVENCIÓN PSICOSOCIAL EN PACIENTES CON HIPERTENSIÓN
Creators: name: SARMIENTO, MARIELA
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420606
subject: Social determinants of health

description: Este programa psicológico, es propuesta por los diferentes problemas sociales y salud que presenta la comunidad, por lo tanto, se ha denominado: “QUIERO VIVIR LIBRE DE PRESIÓN ALTA”, el cual está estructurado por objetivos, características de la población, línea operativa, estrategias y módulos. A continuación, se detalla los seis temas que se desarrollaran en cada módulo.
Ética y responsabilidad social de las Instituciones de Educación Superior y políticas científicas
Creators: name: Martínez-Domínguez, Néstor Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390201
subject: Education policy

description: En esta contribución nos preguntarnos ¿bajo qué condiciones, la formación y el desempeño científico y tecnológico se apegan a los principios de la ética?, ¿por qué sería conveniente que así fuera?, y ¿qué papel pueden jugar para ello algunas medidas de política pública como la institucionalización y transversalización de los Códigos de Ética en las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) y en los Centros Públicos de Investigación (CPI)?
(102552) Daniel Joseph Fitzgerald
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Comparing the Diagnostic Accuracy of PI-RADS Version 1 and PI-RADS Version 2
Creators: name: Ushinsky, Alexander
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Pelvis
subject: MR
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer death in American men[1]. Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (mpMRI) of the prostate coupled with MRI/US fusion biopsy has been proposed to improve PCa detection rates[2]. mpMRI...
Experimental implementation of maximally synchronizable networks
Creators: name: Sevilla-Escoboza, R.
name: Buldú, J. M.
name: Boccaletti, S.
name: Papo, D.
name: Hwang, D. -U.
name: Huerta-Cuellar, G.
name: Gutiérrez, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Maximally synchronizable networks (MSNs) are acyclic directed networks that maximize synchronizability. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of transforming networks of coupled oscillators into their corresponding MSNs. By tuning the weights of any given network so as to reach the lowest possible eigenratio $λ_N/λ_2$, the synchronized state is guaranteed to be maintained across the longest possible range of coupling strengths. We check the robustness of the resulting MSNs with an experimental implementation of a network of nonlinear electronic oscillators and study the propagation of the synchronization errors through the network. Importantly, a method to study the effects of topological uncertainties on the synchronizability is proposed and explored both theoretically and experimentally.
Leisure-time physical activity volume, intensity, and duration from mid-to late-life in U.S. subpopulations by race and sex. The Atherosclerosis Risk in communities (ARIC) study
Creators: name: Avery, C.L.
name: Kats, D.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Heiss, G.
name: Palta, P.
name: Kritchevsky, S.B.
name: Evenson, K.R.
Publisher: name: Impact Journals LLC
Year: 2020

description: Mitigating age-related disease and disability presents challenges. Physical activity (PA) may be influential for prolonging health and functioning, warranting characterization of its patterns over the life course in population-based data. With the availability of up to three self-reported assessments of past year leisuretime PA (LTPA) over multiple decades in 15,036 participants (26% African American; 55% women; mean baseline age=54; median follow-up=23 years) from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study sampled from four U.S. communities, race-sex-stratified trajectories of average weekly intensity (metabolic equivalent of task (MET), duration (hours), and energy expenditure or volume (MET-h) of LTPA were developed from age 45 to 90 using joint models to accommodate expected non-ignorable attrition. Declines in weekly LTPA intensity, duration, and volume from age 70 to 90 were observed in white women (2.9 to 1.2 MET; 2.5 to 0.6 h; 11.1 to 2.6 MET-h), white men (2.5 to 1.0 MET; 3.5 to 1.8 h; 15.5 to 6.4 MET-h), African American women (2.5 to 2.4 MET; 0.8 to 0.1 h; 6.7 to 6.0 MET-h), and African American men (2.3 to 1.4 MET; 1.5 to 0.6 h; 8.0 to 2.3 MET-h). These data reveal population-wide shifts towards less active lifestyles in older adulthood.
Spectroscopic analysis of the thermal and optical effects of plasmon absorption in semiconductor metal oxide nanocrystals
Creators: name: Blemker, Michelle Ann
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: LSPR
Metal-oxide nanocrystals
Plasmonic nanocrystals

description: Plasmonically active materials have the unique ability to use photons to drive a collective multi-electronic oscillatory response. On the nanoscale, this plasmon response gives rise to absorption features previously unseen in bulk materials. This brilliant optical effect has been seen for centuries; suspensions of metallic nanocrystals have been used as a way to achieve beautiful coloration in glassware and art. The nature of this phenomena has only recently been explained in the last century, however, the physics behind the relaxation of electrons driven by this response, and how to exploit them, still desire elucidation. Here, the energetic pathways of electronic absorption and relaxation in plasmonically-active doped semiconductor nanocrystals are studied using spectroscopic and computational methods. We explore the material-dependent properties of the localized surface plasmon resonance in doped metal-oxide nanoparticles, and how to optimize a material for a desired effect. We find that compared to their metallic counterparts, metal oxide nanoparticles have the unique ability to absorb near-infrared light while elevating their electrons to exceedingly high energies. The intense changes in electronic temperatures result in various optical and thermal changes necessary for applications such as electron transfer, biological phototherapies, and optical switching. Next, observable variations to the material’s extinction profile driven by plasmon excitation, whether absorption or reflectivity, are detected using ultrafast spectroscopic methods. The changes are due to alterations in the nanocrystal’s dielectric function due to heating of its electronic and lattice temperatures. We are able to successfully model the ultrafast response of these materials by determining several material constants, that allows us to predict how different materials will behave under plasmon excitation. Lastly, utilization of these plasmonically-active charge carriers for photocatalytic processes is explored. Knowledge of the physics behind how plasmonically-driven electrons respond to photoexcitation allows us to confidently move forward complexing these semiconductors with organic molecules with the goal of directing electron and/or hole transfer with low-energy photons. We find there is much to explore in this area, as the preliminary data suggests plasmonically-enhanced multiphoton absorption by organic semiconductors. The fundamentals of plasmon resonances in semiconductor nanoparticles is vast, yet current research, including this work, suggests their future as a photoactive material is bright.
title: Dose optimization of coronary computed tomography angiography with dual-source CT
Creators: name: Arslan, Aydan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Kv imaging

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Introduction The new third-generation dual-source computed tomographic (CT) scanners and third-generation iterative reconstruction software enable substantial reductions in radiation dose. Reduction in the amount of ionizing radiation to the general...
title: 256-slice MDCT in suspected lumbar spine disorder: Comparison of standard and reduced-Dose settings using iterative reconstruction
Creators: name: Weinrich, Julius
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Trauma
subject: CT
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Trauma
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Even though there are a few studies about dose reduction of MDCT for imaging the lumbar spine (1-5), there are currently no studies evaluating its implementation in emergency patients with suspected fracture. Therefore, the aim of this study was to...
Generating Functionals for Quantum Field Theories with Random Potentials
Creators: name: Jain, Mudit
name: Vanchurin, Vitaly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider generating functionals for computing correlators in quantum field theories with random potentials. Examples of such theories include condensed matter systems with quenched disorder (e.g. spin glass) or cosmological systems in context of the string theory landscape (e.g. cosmic inflation). We use the so-called replica trick to define two different generating functionals for calculating correlators of the quantum fields averaged over a given distribution of random potentials. The first generating functional is appropriate for calculating averaged (in-out) amplitudes and involves a single replica of fields, but the replica limit is taken to an (unphysical) negative one number of fields outside of the path integral. When the number of replicas is doubled the generating functional can also be used for calculating averaged probabilities (squared amplitudes) using the in-in construction. The second generating functional involves an infinite number of replicas, but can be used for calculating both in-out and in-in correlators and the replica limits are taken to only a zero number of fields. We discuss the formalism in details for a single real scalar field, but the generalization to more fields or to different types of fields is straightforward. We work out three examples: one where the mass of scalar field is treated as a random variable and two where the functional form of interactions is random, one described by a Gaussian random field and the other by a Euclidean action in the field configuration space.
description: 21 pages. Made some changes in Introduction, Sec 5 and discussion. An appendix added. Accepted in JHEP
title: Influence of Exposure Parameters and Iterative Reconstruction on MDCT-based Lung Densitometry – An ex vivo Phantom Study
Creators: name: Leutz, Patricia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Chronic obstructive airways disease
subject: Physics
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: CT
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Radiation physics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To evaluate the influence of exposure parameters and raw-data-based iterative reconstruction (IR) on lung densitometry on multidetector CT (MDCT) by dedicated in-house...
title: Multiparametric MRI utilizing PI-RADSv2 has high sensitivity and negative predictive value: A validation study using MRI/transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) fusion biopsy.
Creators: name: Ushinsky, Alexander
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Oncology
subject: MR
subject: Biopsy
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer among men [1]. Current standard screening tests include prostate specific antigen monitoring, digital rectal exam, and 12-core biopsy [2-4]. However, to help eliminate unnecessary biopsy...
Symmetry consideration in the problem of wave modes of thin viscous liquid layer flow
Creators: name: Arkhipov, Dmitry
name: Vozhakov, Ivan
name: Markovich, Dmitry
name: Tsvelodub, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equations in conservative form for nonlinear waves modeling on a liquid film flowing down a vertical plane have been investigated. It has been found that in the computational domain extended along the transverse axis the equations with boundary conditions are invariant under parity transformation. It is numerically shown that for moderate Reynolds numbers the steady-state travelling solutions of the equations have the detected symmetry. It is demonstrated that using this symmetry for the numerical solution of the problem by Galerkin methods significantly increases the efficiency of calculations.
title: Ultrasound-guided dry needling and high volume stripping for Achilles tendinopathy: outcomes for our cohort
Creators: name: Hameed, Maira
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Outcomes
subject: Connective tissue disorders
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Musculoskeletal system

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Chronic Achilles tendinopathy is a prevalent overuse injury most commonly observed in 30-55 year olds and often in athletes. The condition presents with pain in the tendon during initial loading which subsides with continued activity, and can become...
Towards three-loop QCD corrections to the time-like splitting functions
Creators: name: Gituliar, Oleksandr
name: Moch, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the status of a direct computation of the time-like splitting functions at next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD. Time-like splitting functions govern the collinear kinematics of inclusive hadron production and the evolution of the parton fragmentation distributions. Current knowledge about them at three loops has been inferred by means of crossing symmetry from their related space-like counterparts, which has left certain parts of the off-diagonal quark-gluon splitting function undetermined. This motivates an independent calculation from first principles. We review the tools and methods which are applied to attack the problem.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures; presented at the Epiphany Conference 2015 (Cracow, Poland); additional files: MassFactorization.nb
Correlated electron dynamics with time-dependent quantum Monte Carlo: three-dimensional helium
Creators: name: Christov, Ivan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here the recently proposed time-dependent quantum Monte Carlo method is applied to three dimensional para- and ortho-helium atoms subjected to an external electromagnetic field with amplitude sufficient to cause significant ionization. By solving concurrently sets of up to 20 000 coupled 3D time-dependent Schroedinger equations for the guide waves and corresponding sets of first order equations of motion for the Monte Carlo walkers we obtain ground state energies in close agreement with the exact values. The combined use of spherical coordinates and B-splines along the radial coordinate proves to be especially accurate and efficient for such calculations. Our results for the dipole response and the ionization of an atom with un-correlated electrons are in good agreement with the predictions of the conventional time-dependent Hartree-Fock method while the calculations with correlated electrons show enhanced ionization that is due to the electron-electron repulsion.
Reducing the Population Burden of Coronary Heart Disease by Modifying Adiposity: Estimates From the ARIC Study
Creators: name: Gellert, K.S.
name: Keil, A.P.
name: Siega-Riz, A.M.
name: Aubert, R.E.
name: Windham, B.G.
name: Heiss, G.
name: Avery, C.L.
name: Lutsey, P.L.
name: Lesko, C.R.
name: Zeng, D.
Publisher: name: American Heart Association Inc.
Year: 2020

description: Background: Excess adiposity, which affects 69% of US adults, increases coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in an association that manifests below conventional obesity cut points. The population-level impact on CHD risk that is attainable through modest adiposity reductions in populations is not well characterized. We estimated the effect of hypothetical reductions in both body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) on CHD incidence. Methods and Results: The study population included 13 610 ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) participants. Our hypothetical reduction in BMI or WC was applied relative to the temporal trend, with no hypothetical reduction among those with BMI >24 or WC >88 cm, respectively. This threshold for hypothetical reduction is near the clinical guidelines for excess adiposity. CHD risk differences compared the hypothetical reduction with no reduction. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to estimate the effect of applying the hypothetical BMI reduction at the established overweight cut point of 25. Cumulative 12-year CHD incidence with no intervention was 6.3% (95% CI, 5.9–6.8%). Risk differences following the hypothetical BMI and WC reductions were −0.6% (95% CI, −1.0% to −0.1%) and −1.0% (95% CI, −1.4% to −0.5%), respectively. These results were robust for the sensitivity analyses. Consequently, we estimated that this hypothetical reduction of 5% in BMI and WC, respectively, could have prevented 9% and 16%, respectively, of the CHD events occurring in this study population over 12 years, after adjustment for established CHD risk factors. Conclusions: Meaningful CHD risk reductions could derive from modest reductions in adiposity attainable through lifestyle modification.
Inversion symmetry of Josephson current as test of chiral domain wall motion in Sr$_{2}$RuO$_{4}$
Creators: name: Saitoh, Kohta
name: Kashiwaya, Satoshi
name: Kashiwaya, Hiromi
name: Mawatari, Yasunori
name: Asano, Yasuhiro
name: Tanaka, Yukio
name: Maeno, Yoshiteru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Clarifying the chiral domains structure of superconducting Sr$_{2}$RuO$_{4}$ has been a long-standing issue in identifying its peculiar topological superconducting state. We evaluated the critical current $I_{c}$ versus the magnetic field $H$ of Nb/Sr$_{2}$RuO$_{4}$ Josephson junctions, changing the junction dimension in expectation of that the number of domains in the junction is controlled. $I_{c}(H)$ exhibits a recovery from inversion symmetry breaking to invariance when the dimension is reduced to several microns. This inversion invariant behavior indicates the disappearance of domain walls; thus, the size of a single domain is estimated at approximately several microns.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B: Rapid communications
Neutron Electric Dipole Moment and Tensor Charges from Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Tanmoy
name: Cirigliano, Vincenzo
name: Gupta, Rajan
name: Lin, Huey-Wen
name: Yoon, Boram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Lattice QCD results on the neutron tensor charges including, for the first time, a simultaneous extrapolation in the lattice spacing, volume, and light quark masses to the physical point in the continuum limit. We find that the "disconnected" contribution is smaller than the statistical error in the "connected" contribution. Our estimates in the $\bar{\text{MS}}$ scheme at $2$ GeV, including all systematics, are $g_T^{d-u}=1.020(76)$, $g_T^d = 0.774(66)$, $g_T^u = - 0.233(28)$, and $g_T^s = 0.008(9)$. The flavor diagonal charges determine the size of the neutron electric dipole moment (EDM) induced by quark EDMs that are generated in many new scenarios of CP-violation beyond the Standard Model (BSM). We use our results to derive model-independent bounds on the EDMs of light quarks and update the EDM phenomenology in split Supersymmetry with gaugino mass unification, finding a stringent upper bound of $d_n < 4 \times 10^{-28} \, e$ cm for the neutron EDM in this scenario.
description: Final published version
(102553) Hector Karl Valentine Reisert
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE): what we should not miss on x-rays.
Creators: name: How Kit, Nicolas
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Paediatric
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the most common signs of SCFE on plain films. To describe the radiological signs when Klein’s line fails. Get the frog leg view (FLV) when SCFE is...
Improving the chest pain arrival to ECG completion time in a sports complex medical unit
Creators: name: Robinson, Robert
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: Purpose of the Project: The purpose of this project was to improve the processes at the project site from patient arrival to electrocardiogram (ECG) completion to better align with the standards of care. The primary aim was to reduce the patient medical department arrival to ECG time to 10 minutes or less for patients presenting with chest pain or ACS symptoms.Methodology: The project site is a sport, shopping, and entertainment complex in the Northeast. The data were collected before and after implementing the intervention, a workflow redesign. The data on the patients were obtained through a review of the medical records. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between door to ECG times between the 2019 and 2022 groups, U = (N1 = 25, N2 = 50) = 247.5, p < 0.001, showing a reduction in the mean from 12.4 to 8.58. In addition, there was a statistically significant difference between the 2018 and 2022 groups of participants, U = (N1 = 25, N2 = 50) = 207.0, p < 0.001, showing in reduction of mean from 12.16 to 8.58. The 2018 and 2019 were used as preintervention since sports events were on lockdown due to the covid pandemic in 2020. There was no statistically significant difference between door to ECG time in 2018 and 2019 groups U = (N1 = 25, N2 = 25) = 289.5, p = 0.652.Implications for Practice: The implementation of this project will lead to improved clinical practice, patient safety, quality, and medical costs. The findings lead to implementing a policy that will support the incorporation of the intervention at the project site and other institutions. Therefore, the intervention of implementing a new workflow design in the triage area is effective in the reduction of the mean time it takes for patients to receive the ECG after arrival
(102554) Karl August Reisert
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(102547) Sarah Ann Phipp
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Consciousness and life after death in evolution of intelligence
Creators: name: K.L. Senarath Dayathilake
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cognitive psychology, determinism, materialism, meditation, mind viruses, new physics, philosophy, theoretical hypothesis, thought experiment, ultraquantum particles.

description: To date, no scientific study has found evidence of an afterlife, and the mechanism of consciousness is two of the most challenging questions. Here, I show a hypothesis for consciousness and the probability of an afterlife through three simple thought experiments and theoretical evidence. More studies are needed to understand the mechanism precisely. I found that consciousness can be discussed based on a new theory. Here, I hypothesize that when a person or animal dies, the selection of a new nervous system characteristic of a new life might depend on the characteristics of the final evolved yet unknown particle. Here, I suggest that the positive or adverse evolution of the said particle depends on the natural evolution of the materialistic brain's cognition, including Intelligence. The most intelligent persons, those with a higher potential scan mind virus, may survive happier and help others improve their psychological well-being in the evolution of Intelligence. Here, when a brain dies, the two microparticles might emit at infinite speed from the dead brain and simultaneously bond with a naturally select suitable zygote or early nervous system somewhere in the universe/s, forming a new life with the impact of new nurture.
Initial characterization of the soft X-ray spectral resolution of back-illuminated CMOS sensors for solar physics
Creators: name: Pandohie, Ritesh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Solar instrumentation
solar physics
solar x-ray emission

description: Current solar soft X-ray (SXR) satellite observatories perform measurements in either of two regimes: (1) spatially integrated and spectrally resolved measurements or (2) spatially separated and spectrally integrated via a filter. The combination of imaging spectral measurements from a satellite platform does not exist. We, at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO), are testing silicon-based CMOS detectors as a baseline for future solar SXR missions to perform spatial and spectrally resolved measurements. Silicon-based CMOS sensors offer higher intrinsic dispersive energy resolution than previously used germanian sensors and higher speed readout capabilities than current CCD detectors. This allows for higher resolution spectral imaging and higher dynamic range than previous solar physics SXR detectors. SAO and SRI International have developed back-illuminated CMOS detectors for SXR direct detection, combined with high gain pixels with relatively lower noise. We provide insight on current development of SAO/SRI CMOS detector spectral resolution in response to 55Fe characteristic x-ray emission spectra, namely the K-⍺ and K-𝛽 emission lines at 5.9 keV and 6.4 keV, respectively. Through the statistical analysis of Gaussian model fitting, we characterized the CMOS detector response to these 55Fe emission lines. This research is funded through NASA grant number 80NSSC20K0919 and NSF-REU Solar Physics Program@SAO AGS-1850750.
title: SUBTLE LISFRANC INJURY IN MRI: specific protocol for a detailed report
Creators: name: SANCHO GARCIA, FRANCISCO DANIEL
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Trauma
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal bone

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To offer advanced knowledge to bring of a well-propound MRI study in order to have a precise diagnosis of subtle Lisfranc injury and avoid the current 50%...
Modelling LARES temperature distribution and thermal drag
Creators: name: Nguyen, Phuc H.
name: Matzner, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LARES satellite, a laser-ranged space experiment to contribute to geophysics observation, and to measure the general relativistic Lense-Thirring effect, has been observed to undergo an anomalous along-track orbital acceleration of -0.4 pm/s$^2$ (pm := picometer). This "drag" is not surprising; along track drag has previously been observed with the related LAGEOS satellites (-3.4 pm/s$^2$). It is hypothesized that the drag is principally due to anisotropic thermal radiation from the satellite's exterior. We report the results of numerical computations of the along-track orbital decay of the LARES satellite during the first 126 days after launch. The results depend to a significant degree on the visual and IR absorbance $α$ and emissivity $ε$ of the fused silica Cube Corner Reflectors. We present results for two values of $α_{IR}$ = $ε_{IR}$: 0.82, a standard number for "clean" fused silica; and 0.60, a possible value for silica with slight surface contamination subjected to the space environment. The heating and the resultant along-track acceleration depend on the plane of the orbit, the sun position, and in particular on the occurrence of eclipses, all of which are functions of time. Thus we compute the drag for specific days. We compare our model to observational data, available for a 120-day period starting with the 7th day after launch, which shows the average acceleration of -0.4 pm/s$^2$. With our model the average along-track drag over this 120-day period for CCR $α_{IR}$ = $ε_{IR}$ = 0.82 was computed to be -0.59 pm/s$^2$. For CCR $α_{IR}$ = $ε_{IR}$ = 0.60 we compute -0.36 pm/s$^2$. Thus, our model demonstrates that most of the anomalous along-track acceleration can be explained by thermal thrust, but there could be smaller contributions from unmodelled effects.
description: 24 pages, multiple figures. v4: typos in footnote 1 corrected
title: Evaluation of streak artifacts using structural similarity (SSIM) in CT image with iterative reconstruction methods: A phantom study
Creators: name: miyamae, yuta
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Technology assessment
subject: CT
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Radiographers
subject: Artifacts

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Recently, various iterative reconstruction methods have been used for reducing the scanning dose because of the lower image noise compared to filtered back projection (FBP) [1, 2]. Furthermore, iterative reconstruction methods are expected to reduce...
(102551) Eileen Grace Mary Fitzgerald
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Comparing Deadlock-Free Session Typed Processes
Creators: name: Dardha, Ornela
name: Pérez, Jorge A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.2

description: Besides respecting prescribed protocols, communication-centric systems should never "get stuck". This requirement has been expressed by liveness properties such as progress or (dead)lock freedom. Several typing disciplines that ensure these properties for mobile processes have been proposed. Unfortunately, very little is known about the precise relationship between these disciplines--and the classes of typed processes they induce. In this paper, we compare L and K, two classes of deadlock-free, session typed concurrent processes. The class L stands out for its canonicity: it results naturally from interpretations of linear logic propositions as session types. The class K, obtained by encoding session types into Kobayashi's usage types, includes processes not typable in other type systems. We show that L is strictly included in K. We also identify the precise condition under which L and K coincide. One key observation is that the degree of sharing between parallel processes determines a new expressiveness hierarchy for typed processes. We also provide a type-preserving rewriting procedure of processes in K into processes in L. This procedure suggests that, while effective, the degree of sharing is a rather subtle criteria for distinguishing typed processes.
description: In Proceedings EXPRESS/SOS 2015, arXiv:1508.06347
High Density Noise Removal by Cascading Algorithms
Creators: name: Dash, Arabinda
name: Sathua, Sujaya Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An advanced non-linear cascading filter algorithm for the removal of high density salt and pepper noise from the digital images is proposed. The proposed method consists of two stages. The first stage Decision base Median Filter (DMF) acts as the preliminary noise removal algorithm. The second stage is either Modified Decision Base Partial Trimmed Global Mean Filter (MDBPTGMF) or Modified Decision Based Unsymmetric Trimmed Median Filter (MDBUTMF) which is used to remove the remaining noise and enhance the image quality. The DMF algorithm performs well at low noise density but it fails to remove the noise at medium and high level. The MDBPTGMF and MDUTMF have excellent performance at low, medium and high noise density but these reduce the image quality and blur the image at high noise level. So the basic idea behind this paper is to combine the advantages of the filters used in both the stages to remove the Salt and Pepper noise and enhance the image quality at all the noise density level. The proposed method is tested against different gray scale images and it gives better Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Image Enhancement Factor (IEF) than the Adaptive Median Filter (AMF), Decision Base Unsymmetric Trimmed Median Filter (DBUTMF), Modified Decision Base Unsymmetric Trimmed Median Filter (MDBUTMF) and Decision Base Partial Trimmed Global Mean Filter (DBPTGMF).
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
title: Gender-responsive Budgeting
title: Auf dem Weg zu einer gerechten Entwicklungszusammenarbeit
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Fankhauser, Lilian
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Entwicklungszusammenarbeit
subject: Gender Pay Gap
subject: Gender Mainstreaming
subject: Arbeit
subject: Bildung
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Diesen Frühling hat die Sektion Gouvernanz der Direktion für Entwicklung und Zusammenarbeit DEZA in Zusammenarbeit mit dem IZFG einen Bericht zu Gender Mainstreaming in ihrer Ausgabenpolitik verfasst. Grundlage der Studie waren Projektdokumente von 60 an einen Kredit geknüpfte Aktivitäten der DEZA, die darauf untersucht wurden, inwiefern sie der Kategorie Geschlecht Rechnung tragen.
Design and analysis of bridging studies with prior probabilities on the null and alternative hypotheses
Creators: name: Zeng, D.
name: Pan, Z.
name: Lin, D.Y.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Inc.
Year: 2020

description: The pharmaceutical industry and regulatory agencies are increasingly interested in conducting bridging studies in order to bring an approved drug product from the original region (eg, United States or European Union) to a new region (eg, Asian-Pacific countries). In this article, we provide a new methodology for the design and analysis of bridging studies by assuming prior knowledge on how the null and alternative hypotheses in the original, foreign study are related to the null and alternative hypotheses in the bridging study and setting the type I error for the bridging study according to the strength of the foreign-study evidence. The new methodology accounts for randomness in the foreign-study evidence and controls the average type I error of the bridging study over all possibilities of the foreign-study evidence. In addition, the new methodology increases statistical power, when compared to approaches that do not use foreign-study evidence, and it allows for the possibility of not conducting the bridging study when the foreign-study evidence is unfavorable. Finally, we conducted extensive simulation studies to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed methodology.
(102545) Gertrude Sarah Agar
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Counting process-based dimension reduction methods for censored outcomes
Creators: name: Sun, Q.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Wang, T.
name: Zhu, R.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2019

description: We propose counting process-based dimension reduction methods for right-censored survival data. Semiparametric estimating equations are constructed to estimate the dimension reduction subspace for the failure time model. Our methods address two limitations of existing approaches. First, using the counting process formulation, they do not require estimation of the censoring distribution to compensate for the bias in estimating the dimension reduction subspace. Second, the nonparametric estimation involved adapts to the structural dimension, so our methods circumvent the curse of dimensionality. Asymptotic normality is established for the estimators. We propose a computationally efficient approach that requires only a singular value decomposition to estimate the dimension reduction subspace. Numerical studies suggest that our new approaches exhibit significantly improved performance. The methods are implemented in the {R} package {orthoDr}.
Outcome prediction models in AQP4-IgG positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
Creators: name: Zeng, D.
name: Whittam, D.
name: Nakashima, I.
name: Misu, T.
name: Hamid, S.
name: Sagen, J.
name: Messina, S.
name: Elsone, L.
name: Fujihara, K.
name: Weinshenker, B.
name: Takai, Y.
name: Cabre, P.
name: Lin, D.-Y.
name: Leite, M.I.
name: Palace, J.
name: Pittock, S.J.
name: Jacob, A.
name: Majed, M.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2019

description: Pathogenic antibodies targeting the aquaporin-4 water channel on astrocytes are associated with relapsing inflammatory neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. The clinical phenotype is characterized by recurrent episodes of optic neuritis, longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, area postrema attacks and less common brainstem and cerebral events. Patients often develop major residual disability from these attacks, so early diagnosis and initiation of attackpreventing medications is important. Accurate prediction of relapse would assist physicians in counselling patients, planning treatment and designing clinical trials. We used a large multicentre dataset of 441 patients from the UK, USA, Japan and Martinique who collectively experienced 1976 attacks, and applied sophisticated mathematical modelling to predict likelihood of relapse and disability at different time points. We found that Japanese patients had a lower risk of subsequent attacks except for brainstem and cerebral events, with an overall relative relapse risk of 0.681 (P = 0.001) compared to Caucasians and African patients, who had a higher likelihood of cerebral attacks, with a relative relapse risk of 3.309 (P = 0.009) compared to Caucasians. Female patients had a higher chance of relapse than male patients (P = 0.009), and patients with younger age of onset were more likely to have optic neuritis relapses (P < 0.001). Immunosuppressant drugs reduced and multiple sclerosis disease-modifying agents increased the likelihood of relapse (P < 0.001). Patients with optic neuritis at onset were more likely to develop blindness (P < 0.001), and those with older age of onset were more likely to develop ambulatory disability. Only 25% of long-term disability was related to initial onset attack, indicating the importance of early attack prevention. With respect to selection of patients for clinical trial design, there would be no gain in power by selecting recent onset patients and only a small gain by selecting patients with recent high disease activity. We provide risk estimates of relapse and disability for patients diagnosed and treated with immunosuppressive treatments over the subsequent 2, 3, 5 and 10 years according to type of attack at onset or the first 2-year course, ethnicity, sex and onset age. This study supports significant effects of onset age, onset phenotype and ethnicity on neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders outcomes. Our results suggest that powering clinical treatment trials based upon relapse activity in the preceding 2 years may offer little benefit in the way of attack risk yet severely hamper clinical trial success.