Thraulodes quevedoensis Flowers 2009
Creators: name: Kluge, Nikita J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Ephemeroptera
Leptophlebiidae
Thraulodes
Thraulodes quevedoensis

description: 8. Thraulodes quevedoensis Flowers 2009
(Figs 250–275)
Thraulodes? sp. 5: Roback 1955: 146, figs 199–2008 (larva).
Thraulodes sp. «allied to T. schlingeri »: Traver & Edmunds 1967: 385, fig. 59 (♂ and ♀ imago, eggs).
Thraulodes quevedoensis Flowers 2009: 56, figs 1–18 (♂ and ♀ imago, larva).
Material examined. PERU, Region Huanuco, Tingo Maria: Rio Cantaria, Puente Perez (9°21’S, 75°58’W), 20.I.2006, coll. N. Kluge: 1 L-S/I ♂, 1 L-S-I ♀; Tingo Maria (9°30’S, 76°00’W), 25.II.2006, coll. N. Kluge: 6 I ♂.
Descriptions. Larva. CUTICULAR COLORATION (Figs 250–255). Dorsal side of head, thorax and abdomen mostly brown with few blanks: pronotum bordered by light laterally, with or without other blanks; fore protoptera with longitudinal veins either invisible, or slightly darker than background; abdominal terga with blanks on lateral parts, area mediad of tergalii attachments nearly unicolor brown. Femora mostly brown with blanks; tibiae and tarsi uniformly light brown.
HYPODERMAL COLORATION. Unknown; probably, abdominal terga with paired blackish spots corresponding to midway gray spots of imago (as in Fig. 227). Tergalii brownish or colorless, tracheae black (Fig. 255).
SHAPE AND SETATION. Clypeus widened distally; labrum 1.15 times wider than clypeus (Fig. 251). Labrum widest at 0.4 length from base; initial fore margin (turned ventrally) without median emargination, with all 5 denticles wide; anterior transverse setal row regular (as in Fig. 88), narrower than 3 denticles. Maxilla with 11 pectinate setae in apical-ventral row.
Femora: Stout setae on anterior surface widened distally and blunt (Fig. 256). Irregular row of hairs near inner margin absent on fore and middle femora, represented by few setae on hind femur.
Fore tibia (Fig. 257): outer hairs form two irregular rows; inner-anterior row of recurved hairs absent; inneranterior row of stout setae represented by few (1–2) blunt stout setae near tibia base; inner field of stout pointed setae moderately dense (setae lengths subequal to distances between them), its setae subequal in lengths, forming 2 rows, setae of both rows smooth.
Hind tibia (Figs 258–259), each of three rows of stout setae—outer-anterior, outer-posterior and inner-anterior ones—consists of blunt stout setae of various lengths; hairs located between outer-anterior and outer-posterior rows, form one irregular row (besides row of hairs posteriad of outer-posterior row of stout setae).
Claws of fore and middle legs with rigid portion bearing 7–6 larger denticles and 3 smaller denticles distad of them (Fig. 273); claw of hind leg with rigid portion bearing 8–9 denticles progressively larger distally; on all claws articulatory portion without denticles.
Tergalii (Fig. 255): each lamella slender, tracheae without side branches.
Male genitalia in last larval instar (Fig. 271): protogonostyli separated one from another by moderately deep emargination. Each protopenes lobe conic, without gonopore-bearing process; gonopore opened caudally.
Subimago. CUTICULAR COLORATION. Cuticle mostly colorless. Mesonotum with antelateroparapsidal suture contrastingly colored with dark brown; chromozones and other areas nearly completely colorless (Fig. 262). On all legs tibia and tarsus tinges with light brownish. Cuticle of wings colorless, microtrichia light brownish. Other cuticle of body and legs colorless.
TEXTURE. On tarsi of all legs, 1st tarsomere with microtrichia (as tibia), 2nd–5th tarsomeres coved by blunt microlepides; pointed microlepides present near apical margins of 2nd–4th tarsomeres of middle and hind legs (as in Fig. 473).
Male imago (Figs 260–272). Head brown. Antenna reddish, scapus apically darker. Dorsal eyes contiguous medially, dull orange.
Pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum brownish orange. Lateral and ventral sides of prothorax uniformly ocher. Lateral sides of pterothorax brownish orange with ocher. Ventral side of pterothorax partly ocher; mesotho- racic episterna, anterior part of basisternum and furcasternal protuberances brown; median furcasternal impression lighter brown.
Cuticle of legs mostly colorless; on fore leg apex of femur, base of tibia, apex of tibia and 1st tarsal segment with cuticle orange. Legs with following hypodermal pigmentation on whitish-ocher background: Fore femur with or without diffusive reddish marking on anterior side of proximal half, with orange apical band, occupying distal 0.4 of femur, darker brown apically. Middle and hind femora with orange pre-apical band within apical 1/3 of femur.
Fore and hind wings with dark reddish-brown macula on costal brace and bases of Sc and R; longitudinal and cross veins colorless. Costal cross veins proximad of bulla either absent, of few, colorless and very thin, so that visible only under high magnification (as in Fig. 142). Pterostigmatic cross veins not dense, perpendicular to longitudinal veins or slightly oblique, non-branched (Fig. 266). Hind wing with prominent costal projection (Fig. 272).
Abdominal hypodermal coloration: Tergum I brownish. Terga II–V ocher, translucent, tinged with orange medi- ally and on posterior margins; terga VI–VII orange; tergum VIII anteriorly-medially orange and posteriorly-laterally whitish; terga XI–X orange; some terga with a pair of small, indistinct midway spots; pleura with gray stigmatic spots. Abdominal sterna I–VI ocher, sterna VII–IX ocher with orange. Caudalii ocher, in proximal part with reddishbrown spot on each 2nd joining, in middle part with reddish-browns spot on each 4th joining, in distal half without spots.
Genitalia (Figs 260–261, 267–270): Styliger, gonostyli and penis ocher. Dorsal margin of styliger either roundish, without median extension (Fig. 269), or with poorly expressed extension (Fig. 268). Penis lobes narrowed and divergent apically, without lateral pouches; apices roundish, with ears not separated by emarginations. Telopenes in form of spear-like rolls, attached on dorsal side and directed medially-dorsally, curved, with groove opened dorsally-laterally.
Female imago. Abdominal terga II–V brownish with ocher; in other respects coloration similar to that of male.
Eggs (Figs 274–275). Mostly barrel-shaped. Each KTC surrounded by ring-like cover. Protuberances densely located close to these rings; other chorion rugose, without protuberances.
Dimension. Fore wing length (and approximate body length) 5–6 mm.
Distribution. Ecuador (Flowers 2009) and Peru (Traver & Edmunds 1967; this study).
Comparison. Traver & Edmunds (1967) reported that this species «bears strong resemblance to T. schlingeri in respect to form of eyes, once-banded femora, and tergum 6 similar in color to 7–10; faint midway spots, very tiny stigmatic dots». Th. quevedoensis well differs both from the sympatric species Th. schlingeri and the related Central American species Th. marreroi by penis structure, whose telopenes are not bent ventrally, but retain a dorsal position (Fig. 267). Traver & Edmunds (1967) correctly stated that «ova appear as in T. schlingeri » (compare Figs 274–275 and 207).
description: Published as part of Kluge, Nikita J., 2020, Systematic position of Thraulodes Ulmer 1920 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) and descriptions of new and little-known species, pp. 1-142 in Zootaxa 4756 (1) on pages 68-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4756.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3736895