cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gluon Fragmentation into Heavy Quarkonium
Creators: name: Braaten, Eric
name: Yuan, Tzu Chiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dominant production mechanism for heavy quark-antiquark bound states in very high energy processes is fragmentation, the splitting of a high energy parton into a quarkonium state and other partons. We show that the fragmentation functions $D(z,μ)$ describing these processes can be calculated using perturbative QCD. We calculate the fragmentation functions for a gluon to split into S-wave quarkonium states to leading order in the QCD coupling constant. The leading logarithms of $μ/m_Q$, where $μ$ is the factorization scale and $m_Q$ is the heavy quark mass, are summed up using Altarelli-Parisi evolution equations.
description: LateX 11 pages (3 figures available upon request). NUHEP-TH-92-23
SU(N) Gauge Theories with C-Periodic Boundary Conditions: II. Small Volume Dynamics
Creators: name: Kronfeld, A. S.
name: Wiese, U. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of SU(N) gauge theories, especially for N=3, in a small C-periodic box are investigated. We identify the fields that mimimize the energy---the torons---and determine which of these ``classical'' vacua are stable quantum mechanically. The stable torons break cubic symmetry, which has interesting consequences on the spectrum. At any of the stable torons there are also quartic modes. Since all C-periodic boundary conditions are gauge-equivalent, we choose a convenient version, for which the quartic modes are constant modes, and compute the effective Hamiltonian to one loop in perturbation theory.
description: FERMILAB-PUB-92/255-T and BUTP-92/40. 14 pages LaTeX with 2 figures in encapsulated Postscript appended
Characterizing the Spatiotemporal Neural Representation of Concrete Nouns Across Paradigms
Creators: name: Sudre, Gustavo
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Neuroscience

description: Most of the work investigating the representation of concrete nouns in the brain has focused on the locations that code the information. We present a model to study the contributions of perceptual and semantic features to the neural code representing concepts over time and space. The model is evaluated using magnetoencephalography data from different paradigms and not only corroborates previous findings regarding a distributed code, but provides further details about how the encoding of different subcomponents varies in the space-time spectrum. The model also successfully generalizes to novel concepts that it has never seen during training, which argues for the combination of specific properties in forming the meaning of concrete nouns in the brain. The results across paradigms are in agreement when the main differences among the experiments (namely, the number of repetitions of the stimulus, the task the subjects performed, and the type of stimulus provided) were taken into consideration. More specifically, these results suggest that features specific to the physical properties of the stimuli, such as word length and right-diagonalness, are encoded in posterior regions of the brain in the first hundreds of milliseconds after stimulus onset. Then, properties inherent to the nouns, such as is it alive? and can you pick it up?, are represented in the signal starting at about 250 ms, focusing on more anterior parts of the cortex. The code for these different features was found to be distributed over time and space, and it was common for several regions to simultaneously code for a particular property. Moreover, most anterior regions were found to code for multiple features, and a complex temporal profile could be observed for the majority of properties. For example, some features inherent to the nouns were encoded earlier than others, and the extent of time in which these properties could be decoded varied greatly among them. These findings complement much of the work previously described in the literature, and offer new insights about the temporal aspects of the neural encoding of concrete nouns. This model provides a spatiotemporal signature of the representation of objects in the brain. Paired with data from carefully-designed paradigms, the model is an important tool with which to analyze the commonalities of the neural code across stimulus modalities and tasks performed by the subjects.
title: ADCO, Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0458
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP

description: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0458, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0458, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Orthogonal gauge fixing of first order gravity
Creators: name: Alesci, Emanuele
name: Pacilio, Costantino
name: Pranzetti, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the first order connection formulation of 4D general relativity in the "orthogonal" gauge. We show how the partial gauge fixing of the phase space canonical coordinates leads to the appearance of second class constraints in the theory. We employ the gauge unfixing procedure in order to successfully complete the Dirac treatment of the system. While equivalent to the inversion of the Dirac matrix, the gauge unfixing allows us to work directly with the reduced phase space and the ordinary Poisson bracket. At the same time, we explicitly derive the new set of residual first class constraints preserving the partial gauge fixing, which are linear combinations of the original constraints, and these turn out to contain nonlinear terms. While providing an explicit example of how to consistently recast general relativity in a given partial gauge, the main motivation of this classical analysis is the application of the Quantum Reduced Loop Gravity program to a Schwarzschild black hole geometry.
description: 14 pages; 'radial gauge' replaced with 'orthogonal gauge' to avoid confusion with previous literature, on which we comment on more extensively. Published version
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0025
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2015
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0025, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0025, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Confluent and non-confluent phases in a model of cell tissue
Creators: name: Teomy, Eial
name: Kessler, David A.
name: Levine, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Voronoi-based cellular model is highly successful in describing the motion of two-dimensional confluent cell tissues. In the homogeneous version of this model, the energy of each cell is determined solely by its geometric shape and size, and the interaction between adjacent cells is a byproduct of this additive energy. We generalize this model so as to allow zero or partial contact between cells. We identify several phases, two of which (solid confluent and liquid confluent) were found in previous studies that imposed confluency but others that are novel. Transitions in this model may be relevant for understanding both normal development as well as cancer metastasis.
description: 15 figures + 2 videos
Beyond repositories: enabling actionable FAIR open data reuse services in particle physics
Creators: name: Tsanaktsidis, Ioannis
name: Dallmeier-Tiessen, Sünje
name: Šimko, Tibor
name: van de Sandt, Stephanie
name: Fokianos, Pamfilos
name: Kousidis, Dinos
name: Mačiulaitis, Rokas
name: Rodrı́guez, Diego
name: Trzcińska, Anna
name: Lavasa, Artemis
name: Feger, Sebastian
name: Okraska, Jan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: FAIR data
open data
preservation
reproducibility
reuse

description: We describe experiences from building and operating the CERN Open Data repository platform that manages and disseminates more than one petabyte of open data from particle physics. We discuss the education and research use cases of the platform and we argue that in order to make the FAIR open data fully actionable and reusable by a variety of users, the research data repositories should evolve from focusing on resource-hosting present towards integrated service-provisioning future. We describe examples of an on-demand containerised analysis workflow execution environment that permits users to instantiate and explore the preserved open data in a virtually ``in situ'' manner. We discuss the reuse challenges and the technology solutions designed to overcome them. The developed tools take inspiration from reproducible science practices in the particle physics and life science domains and are applicable to any scientific discipline and any research data repository platform.
Type IIA/M-theory Moduli fixing in a Class of Orientifold Models
Creators: name: Milanesi, Giuseppe
name: Valandro, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the study of type II A flux vacua and their M-theory duals for compactification on a class of Calabi-Yau orientifolds. The Kaehler potential is derived from toroidal compactifications and the superpotential contains a contribution from non-Abelian gauge degrees of freedoms. We obtain complete stabilisation of the moduli. We found one supersymmetric minimum and several non supersymmetric ones. Consistency of the analysis constrains the parameters of the models in a finite region containing a finite, although very large, number of flux vacua. From the M-theory side, we found some differences in the distributions of the physical quantities with respect to the M-theory ensemble studied by Acharya et al. In particular, it is easier to find small supersymmetry breaking scale.
description: 37 pages, 4 figures, LaTeX. Extended one Section, added references
N-break states in a chain of nonlinear oscillators
Creators: name: Rodrigues, A. S.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Dobson, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work we explore a pre-stretched oscillator chain where the nodes interact via a pairwise Lennard-Jones potential. In addition to a homogeneous solution, we identify solutions with one or more (so-called) `breaks', i.e., jumps. As a function of the canonical parameter of the system, namely the precompression strain $d$, we find that the most fundamental one break solution changes stability when the monotonicity of the Hamiltonian changes with $d$. We provide a proof for this (motivated by numerical computations) observation. This critical point separates stable and unstable segments of the one break branch of solutions. We find similar branches for 2 through 5 break branches of solutions. Each of these higher `excited state' solutions possesses an additional unstable pair of eigenvalues. We thus conjecture that $k$ break solutions will possess at least $k-1$ (and at most $k$) pairs of unstable eigenvalues. Our stability analysis is corroborated by direct numerical computations of the evolutionary dynamics.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures, submitted for publication
title: British Journal for Military History, Vol 7 No 2 (2021): Special Issue - New Researchers
title: Special Issue - New Researchers
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: British Journal For Military History
Publisher: name: British Journal for Military History
Year: 2021

description: Editorial...1 ‘The English Fury’ at Mechelen, 1580...166-173 Introduction: New Researchers and the Bright Future of Military History...2-5 ‘Game on!’ A research project on the Prussian Kriegsspiel...174-183 Jus Post Bellum: Justice After War in Fourteenth-Century War Treatises...6-23 Women as Turncoats: Searching for the Women among the Kit Carson Scouts during the Vietnam War, 1966-1973...184-188 Siege Famine in Northern England during the British Civil Wars, 1644–1649...24-41 ‘Fit for immediate service’: Reassessing the Irish Military Establishment of the Eighteenth Century through the 1770 Townshend Augmentation...42-63 Dress, Identity, and Negotiation by British Prisoners of War in France, 1803-1812...64-82 ‘I will remember it as one more to the list of courtesies I have received’: Interactions between the Imperial War Graves Commission and the Bereaved...83-101 Destroyer Flag-Flying Visits, Civic Ceremony, Empire and Identity in interwar Britain...102-121 ‘Going downhill’: the consequences of the Stabilisation Scheme on Fighter Command during the Battle of Britain and into 1941...122-147 Commemoration in the midst of the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict...148-165
Deep and wide gaps by super Earths in low-viscosity discs
Creators: name: Ginzburg, Sivan
name: Sari, Re'em
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planets can open cavities (gaps) in the protoplanetary gaseous discs in which they are born by exerting gravitational torques. Viscosity counters these torques and limits the depletion of the gaps. We present a simple one-dimensional scheme to calculate the gas density profile inside gaps by balancing the gravitational and viscous torques. By generalizing the results of Goodman & Rafikov (2001), our scheme properly accounts for the propagation of angular momentum by density waves. This method allows us to easily study low-viscosity discs, which are challenging for full hydrodynamical simulations. We complement our numerical integration by analytical equations for the gap's steady-state depth and width as a function of the planet's to star's mass ratio $μ$, the gas disc's aspect ratio $h$, and its Shakura & Sunyaev viscosity parameter $α$. Specifically, we focus on low-mass planets ($μ
description: Matched to published version
Women as Turncoats: Searching for the Women among the Kit Carson Scouts during the Vietnam War, 1966-1973
Creators: name: Quiroga, Stefan Aguirre
Publisher: name: British Journal for Military History
Year: 2021

description: This Research Note explores the presence of South Vietnamese women as defectors and addresses the question of whether women combatants were employed by the United States as Kit Carson Scouts during the Vietnam War. Through fragmentary source material, it is possible to determine the presence of women who had fought for the People’s Liberation Armed Forces in every stage of the defection process. The existence of women Kit Carson Scouts is also proven, showing how the initiative and agency of women defectors led their employment but that the United States Army was reluctant to use them in combat.
description: British Journal for Military History, Vol 7 No 2 (2021): Special Issue - New Researchers
Effect of curvature squared corrections in AdS on the viscosity of the dual gauge theory
Creators: name: Kats, Yevgeny
name: Petrov, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the real-time finite-temperature AdS/CFT correspondence to compute the effect of general R^2 corrections to the gravitational action in AdS space on the shear viscosity of the dual gauge theory. The R^2 terms in AdS_5 are determined by the central charges of the CFT. We present an example of a four-dimensional gauge theory in which the conjectured lower bound of 1/(4π) on the viscosity-to-entropy ratio is violated for finite N.
description: 18 pages; v4: added note and references; published version
Could a nearby supernova explosion have caused a mass extinction?
Creators: name: Ellis, John
name: Schramm, David N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the possibility that a nearby supernova explosion could have caused one or more of the mass extinctions identified by palaeontologists. We discuss the likely rate of such events in the light of the recent identification of Geminga as a supernova remnant less than 100 pc away and the discovery of a millisecond pulsar about 150 pc away, and observations of SN 1987A. The fluxes of $γ$ radiation and charged cosmic rays on the Earth are estimated, and their effects on the Earth's ozone layer discussed. A supernova explosion of the order of 10 pc away could be expected every few hundred million years, and could destroy the ozone layer for hundreds of years, letting in potentially lethal solar ultraviolet radiation. In addition to effects on land ecology, this could entail mass destruction of plankton and reef communities, with disastrous consequences for marine life as well. A supernova extinction should be distinguishable from a meteorite impact such as the one that presumably killed the dinosaurs.
description: 10 pages, CERN-TH.6805/93
Characterization and Monitoring of Geochemical and Geophysical Effects of CO2 Leakage from Sequestration Reservoirs
Creators: name: Wang, Zan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 90799 Environmental Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Geological carbon sequestration is considered a promising initial option to slow or reduce global atmospheric CO2 concentrations. To demonstrate that the implementation of carbon sequestration is safe and effective as a greenhouse gas control technology, characterization and monitoring of geochemical and geophysical effects of CO2 leakage from sequestration reservoirs is crucial. A multimodel predictive system (MMoPS) has been developed to predict CO2 solubility in brine more accurately, so that storage capacity and cost estimates could be improved. The CO2 leakage level is characterized through an assessment of the integrity and permeability of the caprock inferred from pressure measurements in the injection zone using a Bayesian approach. The detection power of pressure monitoring is evaluated using the expected distribution of pressure increases in the injection zone for permeable vs. impermeable caprock cases. The distributions of detection power using seismic travel time measurements at different CO2 leakage levels are obtained using a statistical analysis and test. The methodology and results in this work should improve our ability to understand the storage reservoir chemistry and the statistical performance of the sole pressure or seismic monitoring, which could be integrated into a monitoring network, combining multiple monitoring techniques for CO2 leakage detection.
The Savvidy ``ferromagnetic vacuum'' in three-dimensional lattice gauge theory
Creators: name: Trottier, Howard D.
name: Woloshyn, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vacuum effective potential of three-dimensional SU(2) lattice gauge theory in an applied color-magnetic field is computed over a wide range of field strengths. The background field is induced by an external current, as in continuum field theory. Scaling and finite volume effects are analyzed systematically. The first evidence from lattice simulations is obtained of the existence of a nontrivial minimum in the effective potential. This supports a ``ferromagnetic'' picture of gluon condensation, proposed by Savvidy on the basis of a one-loop calculation in (3+1)-dimensional QCD.
description: 9pp (REVTEX manuscript). Postscript figures appended
Diluted magnetic Dirac-Weyl materials: Susceptibility and ferromagnetism in three-dimensional chiral gapless semimetals
Creators: name: Park, Sanghyun
name: Min, Hongki
name: Hwang, E. H.
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the temperature-dependent static susceptibility and long-range magnetic coupling of three-dimensional (3D) chiral gapless electron-hole systems (semimetals) with arbitrary band dispersion [i.e., $\varepsilon(k) \sim k^N$, where $k$ is the wave vector and $N$ is a positive integer]. We study the magnetic properties of these systems in the presence of dilute random magnetic impurities. Assuming carrier-mediated Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida indirect exchange interaction, we find that the magnetic ordering of intrinsic 3D chiral semimetals in the presence of dilute magnetic impurities is ferromagnetic for all values of $N$. Using finite-temperature self-consistent field approximation, we calculate the ferromagnetic transition temperature ($T_{\rm c}$). We find that $T_{\rm c}$ increases with increasing $N$ due to the enhanced density of states, and the calculated $T_{\rm c}$ is experimentally accessible assuming reasonable coupling between the magnetic impurities and itinerant carriers.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Computational Chemotaxis in Ants and Bacteria over Dynamic Environments
Creators: name: Ramos, Vitorino
name: Fernandes, C. M.
name: Rosa, A. C.
name: Abraham, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: I.2; I.2.11; G.1.6

description: Chemotaxis can be defined as an innate behavioural response by an organism to a directional stimulus, in which bacteria, and other single-cell or multicellular organisms direct their movements according to certain chemicals in their environment. This is important for bacteria to find food (e.g., glucose) by swimming towards the highest concentration of food molecules, or to flee from poisons. Based on self-organized computational approaches and similar stigmergic concepts we derive a novel swarm intelligent algorithm. What strikes from these observations is that both eusocial insects as ant colonies and bacteria have similar natural mechanisms based on stigmergy in order to emerge coherent and sophisticated patterns of global collective behaviour. Keeping in mind the above characteristics we will present a simple model to tackle the collective adaptation of a social swarm based on real ant colony behaviors (SSA algorithm) for tracking extrema in dynamic environments and highly multimodal complex functions described in the well-know De Jong test suite. Later, for the purpose of comparison, a recent model of artificial bacterial foraging (BFOA algorithm) based on similar stigmergic features is described and analyzed. Final results indicate that the SSA collective intelligence is able to cope and quickly adapt to unforeseen situations even when over the same cooperative foraging period, the community is requested to deal with two different and contradictory purposes, while outperforming BFOA in adaptive speed. Results indicate that the present approach deals well in severe Dynamic Optimization problems.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, in CEC 07 - IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, ISBN 1-4244-1340-0, pp. 1009-1017, Sep. 2007
From few- to many-body quantum systems
Creators: name: Schiulaz, Mauro
name: Távora, Marco
name: Santos, Lea F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How many particles are necessary to make a quantum system many-body? To answer this question, we take as reference for the many-body limit a quantum system at half-filling and compare its properties with those of a system with $N$ particles, gradually increasing $N$ from 1. We show that convergence for the static properties of the system with few particles to the many-body limit is fast. For $N \gsim 4$, the density of states is already very close to Gaussian and signatures of many-body quantum chaos, such as level repulsion and fully extended eigenstates, become evident. The dynamics, on the other hand, depend on the initial state and time scale. In dilute systems, as the particles move away from each other, the entropy growth changes in time from linear, as typical for many-body systems, to logarithmic.
description: Main paper: 13 pages, 4 figures. Appendix and bibliography: 8 pages, 3 figures
‘Game on!’ A research project on the Prussian Kriegsspiel
Creators: name: Henning, Pia
Publisher: name: British Journal for Military History
Year: 2021

description: The Prussian Kriegsspiel was the very first professional wargame and was originally introduced in the Prussian army in 1824 but has so far seen very little systematic research. This research project has compiled a corpus from all the rulesets currently extant, which was then made subject to formal and linguistic analysis. This yielded results in three important areas: First, by comparing them with a collection of contemporary texts on military theory it was possible to identify Kriegsspiel rulesets as distinctive text types. Second, comparing the rulesets gave valuable insights into the developmental history of the Kriegsspiel. And finally, it was possible to distinguish three distinctive phases in the development of the Kriegsspiel.
description: British Journal for Military History, Vol 7 No 2 (2021): Special Issue - New Researchers
‘The English Fury’ at Mechelen, 1580
Creators: name: Broughton, Michael E
Publisher: name: British Journal for Military History
Year: 2021

description: The late sixteenth-century religious wars prompted a Protestant movement within the Elizabethan regime that sought state-sanctioned military intervention in aid of the Dutch rebels. Printed military news also became a popular genre during this period. This article seeks to re-examine the journalistic legacy of soldier-poet Thomas Churchyard through a close reading of his 1580 account of the English pillaging of Mechelen by a group of English mercenaries. Churchyard’s text was the product of his connections to interventionist statesmen and the widespread vilification of Spaniards. His pamphlet utilised popular motifs that vindicated religious violence and exploited inchoate notions of journalistic credibility.
description: British Journal for Military History, Vol 7 No 2 (2021): Special Issue - New Researchers
Constructing Picard curves with complex multiplication using the Chinese Remainder Theorem
Creators: name: Arora, Sonny
name: Eisentraeger, Kirsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G15, 11G10, 14K22

description: We give a new algorithm for constructing Picard curves over a finite field with a given endomorphism ring. This has important applications in cryptography since curves of genus 3 allow for smaller key sizes than elliptic curves. For a sextic CM-field $K$ containing the cube roots of unity, we define and compute certain class polynomials modulo small primes and then use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to construct the class polynomials over the rationals. We also give some examples.
description: 16 pages
Additional file 3: of A rapid research needs appraisal methodology to identify evidence gaps to inform clinical research priorities in response to outbreaksâ results from the Lassa fever pilot
Creators: name: Sigfrid, Louise
name: Moore, Catrin
name: Salam, Alex
name: Maayan, Nicola
name: Hamel, Candyce
name: Garritty, Chantelle
name: Lutje, Vittoria
name: Buckley, Brian
name: Soares-Weiser, Karla
name: Marshall, Rachel
name: Clarke, Mike
name: Horby, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Articles for which data were not extracted. (PDF 163 kb)
Heavy Quark Solitons
Creators: name: Gupta, Kumar S.
name: Momen, M. Arshad
name: Schechter, J.
name: Subbaraman, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the heavy baryons which arise as solitonic excitations in a ``heavy meson" chiral Lagrangian which includes the light vector particles. It is found that the effect of the light vectors may be substantial. We also present a simple derivation which clearly shows the connection to the Callan-Klebanov approach.
description: 13 pages; LaTex; SU-4240-532; UR 1306/ER-40685-755 (Minor typos corrected)
Commemoration in the midst of the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict
Creators: name: Glew, Anna
Publisher: name: British Journal for Military History
Year: 2021

description: Since the onset of the Russia-Ukraine conflict in 2014, new memory actors in Ukraine (veterans, families of the fallen soldiers, and other activists) seek to commemorate those Ukrainians who lost their lives on the frontline. By examining the construction of memorials in the Poltava oblast (Central Ukraine), the article demonstrates that in the context of the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict the commemorative activity of ordinary people is impacted by the continued human losses, ordinary people’s perception of the future (grounded in their present-day experiences), and their desire to ensure that their memories are preserved for future generations.
description: British Journal for Military History, Vol 7 No 2 (2021): Special Issue - New Researchers
Challenges for Drinking Water Plants from Energy Extraction Activities
Creators: name: Wilson, Jessica M.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 90799 Environmental Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Fossil-fuel associated wastewaters have the potential to affect drinking water quality through surface water disposal. These wastewaters are elevated in certain components, such as bromide, which can affect drinking water quality for consumers. In Pennsylvania, the recent expansion of drilling in the Marcellus Shale has significantly increased the volume of produced water that must be managed. It is essential to determine the potential of this produced water to affect surface water. Assessment of the characteristics of this produced water, as well as other fossil-fuel associated wastewaters, will enable evaluation of the effects of surface water disposal practices on drinking water. The objective of this work is to identify the challenges for drinking water plants from management of wastewaters associated with energy extraction activities. Focusing on regional activity in Pennsylvania, a state with significant energy and water resources, this work has reached three conclusions. First, increases in the volume of oil and gas produced water disposed of to surface water from 2008 to 2010 increased the total dissolved solids and bromide loads in Pennsylvania, which affected concentrations of those constituents at the drinking water intakes. Changes to the management of this produced water in 2011 significantly decreased the total dissolved solids and bromide loads, and thus the concentrations at the drinking water intakes. Second, regional fossil-fuel wastewaters can be differentiated by their anion ratios, and the use of anion ratios in conjunction with concentration data enables evaluation of the extent of mixing between oil and gas produced waters and freshwater. This method can be used to track water quality changes in areas experiencing fossil fuel activity and provide insight into causes of observed changes. Finally, high bromide concentrations at drinking water intakes in 2010 were not attributed solely to low flow conditions in the river. River conditions were similar in 2010 and 2012, but significant load reductions improved water quality in 2012. The decrease in bromide loading is likely associated with a voluntary ban on the use of surface-discharging treatment plants for shale gas produced water disposal in the region.
Assessing Compliance with the UK REF 2021 Open Access Policy
Creators: name: Knoth, Petr
name: Herrmannova, Drahomira
name: Pontika, Nancy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Data Mining
Open Access
Scholarly Data
Research Excellence Framework
Research Evaluation

description: The recent increase in Open Access (OA) policies has brought forth important questions concerning the effect these policies have on the practice of publishing Open Access. In particular, is there evidence to support that mandating OA increases the proportion of OA outputs (in other words, do authors comply with relevant policies)? Furthermore, does mandating OA reduce the time from acceptance to the public availability of research outputs, and can compliance with OA mandates be effectively tracked? This work studies compliance with the UK REF 2021 Open Access policy. We use data from CrossRef and from CORE to create a dataset containing 1.6 million publications. We show that after the introduction of the UK OA policy, the proportion of OA research outputs in the UK has increased significantly, and the time lag between the acceptance of a publication and its Open Access availability has decreased, although there are significant differences in compliance between different repositories. We have developed a tool that can be used to assess publications' compliance with the policy based on a list of DOIs.
Effect of motility on the transport of bacteria populations through a porous medium
Creators: name: Creppy, Adama
name: Clément, Eric
name: Douarche, Carine
name: D'Angelo, Maria Veronica
name: Auradou, Harold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of activity on the hydrodynamic dispersion of bacteria in a model porous medium is studied by tracking thousands of bacteria in a microfluidic chip containing randomly placed pillars. We first evaluate the spreading dynamics of two populations of motile and non-motile bacteria injected at different flow rates. In both cases, we observe that the mean and the variance of the distances covered by the bacteria vary linearly with time and flow velocity, a result qualitatively consistent with the standard geometric dispersion picture. However, quantitatively, the motiles bacteria display a systematic retardation effect when compared to the non-motile ones. Furthermore, the shape of the traveled distance distribution in the flow direction differs significantly for both the motile and the non-motile strain, hence probing a markedly different exploration process. For the non-motile bacteria, the distribution is Gaussian whereas for the motile ones, the distribution displays a positive skewness and spreads exponentially downstream akin to a Gamma distribution. The detailed microscopic study of the trajectories reveals two salient effects characterizing the exploration process of motile bacteria : (i) The emergence of an "active" retention effect due to an extended exploration of the pore surfaces, (ii) an enhanced spreading at the forefront due to the transport of bacteria along "fast-tracks" where they acquire a velocity larger than the local flow velocity. We finally discuss the practical applications of these effects on the large-scale macroscopic transfer and contamination processes caused by microbes in natural environments.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
‘Going downhill’: the consequences of the Stabilisation Scheme on Fighter Command during the Battle of Britain and into 1941
Creators: name: Moore, Stephen
Publisher: name: British Journal for Military History
Year: 2021

description: By September 1940 the quality of pilots supplied to Fighter Command had become unacceptably low. Reducing earlier stages of training was meant to be replaced by increased Operational Training Unit instruction, but this merely provided conversion to operational type. To preserve the first-line fighter force Fighter Command adopted a ‘Stabilisation Scheme’, relegating a third of squadrons to a training role. Pilot demand remained high and the Stabilisation Scheme was retained until pilot numbers in first-line squadrons were finally satisfactory in June 1941, and the need for training squadrons disappeared, despite increases in flying accidents during 1941.
description: British Journal for Military History, Vol 7 No 2 (2021): Special Issue - New Researchers
The Fossil Phase in the Life of a Galaxy Group
Creators: name: von Benda-Beckmann, Alexander M.
name: D'Onghia, Elena
name: Gottloeber, Stefan
name: Hoeft, Matthias
name: Khalatyan, Arman
name: Klypin, Anatoly
name: Mueller, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the origin and evolution of fossil groups in a concordance LCDM cosmological simulation. We consider haloes with masses between $(1-5)\times10^{13} \hMsun$ and study the physical mechanisms that lead to the formation of the large gap in magnitude between the brightest and the second most bright group member, which is typical for these fossil systems. Fossil groups are found to have high dark matter concentrations, which we can relate to their early formation time. The large magnitude-gaps arise after the groups have build up half of their final mass, due to merging of massive group members. We show that the existence of fossil systems is primarily driven by the relatively early infall of massive satellites, and that we do not find a strong environmental dependence for these systems. In addition, we find tentative evidence for fossil group satellites falling in on orbits with typically lower angular momentum, which might lead to a more efficient merger onto the host. We find a population of groups at higher redshifts that go through a ``fossil phase'': a stage where they show a large magnitude-gap, which is terminated by renewed infall from their environment.
description: 9 pages and 8 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Destroyer Flag-Flying Visits, Civic Ceremony, Empire and Identity in interwar Britain
Creators: name: Friend, Jayne
Publisher: name: British Journal for Military History
Year: 2021

description: The interwar period in Britain saw the Royal Navy performing multifarious duties aimed at reaffirming Britain’s naval supremacy and reinforcing a sense of national and imperial unity. As one of the most fascinating and versatile ships, the destroyer had grown to capture the imagination of the British public through tales of courage, heroism and daring. Destroyers conducted many post-war cruises and exercises, and visited numerous regional locations performing mock battles, lighting displays, launches, pageants, sporting events and commemorations. These were ceremonial and interactive events reflecting a symbiosis between naval culture and civilian society. This article explores these regional ceremonies and pageants which showcased the destroyer and considers the agency of the ship in forging symbolic links between local communities, the nation, and the wider empire.
description: British Journal for Military History, Vol 7 No 2 (2021): Special Issue - New Researchers
Some universal features of the effective string picture of pure gauge theories
Creators: name: Caselle, M.
name: Gliozzi, F.
name: Vinti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective string describing the large distance behaviour of the quark sources of gauge field theories in the confining phase in D=3 or D=4 space-time dimensions can be formulated, in the infrared limit, as a suitable 2D conformal field theory on surfaces with quark loops as boundaries. Recent results on self-avoiding random surfaces allow to fix almost uniquely such a conformal theory. As a consequence, some universal relationships among the string tension , the thickness of the colour flux tube, the deconfinement temperature and a lower bound of the glueball mass spectrum are found. The general agreement with the data extracted from recent lattice simulations with different gauge groups is rather impressive.(Talk held by F.Gliozzi at Lattice'92 , Amsterdam)
description: 9 pages(LaTeX),DFTT61/92
‘I will remember it as one more to the list of courtesies I have received’: Interactions between the Imperial War Graves Commission and the Bereaved
Creators: name: Kelleher, Megan
Publisher: name: British Journal for Military History
Year: 2021

description: This article explores the interactions between the Imperial War Graves Commission and the bereaved. It particularly focuses on communications between the Commission and those with loved ones who died as a result of the First World War, as outlined by the Commission’s charter, and who are commemorated across England. Through a close study of some of the recently digitized e-files held in the Commission’s Archives at Maidenhead, broader discussions surrounding the questions commonly asked by members of the public are showcased, thus highlighting the unique nature of the work undertaken by the Commission across England.
description: British Journal for Military History, Vol 7 No 2 (2021): Special Issue - New Researchers
Energy Observable for a Quantum System with a Dynamical Hilbert Space and a Global Geometric Extension of Quantum Theory
Creators: name: Mostafazadeh, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A non-Hermitian operator may serve as the Hamiltonian for a unitary quantum system, if we can modify the Hilbert space of state vectors of the system so that it turns into a Hermitian operator. If this operator is time-dependent, the modified Hilbert space is generally time-dependent. This in turn leads to a generic conflict between the condition that the Hamiltonian is an observable of the system and that it generates a unitary time-evolution via the standard Schrödinger equation. We propose a geometric framework for addressing this problem. In particular we show that the Hamiltonian operator consists of a geometric part, which is determined by a metric-compatible connection on an underlying Hermitian vector bundle, and a non-geometric part which we identify with the energy observable. The same quantum system can be locally described using a time-dependent Hamiltonian that acts in a time-independent state space and is the sum of a geometric part and the energy operator. The full global description of the system is achieved within the framework of a moderate geometric extension of quantum mechanics where the role of the Hilbert space of state vectors is played by a Hermitian vector bundle $\mathcal{E}$ endowed with a metric compatible connection, and observables are given by global sections of a real vector bundle that is determined by $\mathcal{E}$. We examine the utility of our proposal to describe a class of two-level systems where $\mathcal{E}$ is a Hermitian vector bundle over a two-dimensional sphere.
description: 31 pages, 1 figure, slightly expanded version, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Cellular Processing of Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Holt, Brian D.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Nanostructured materials are hailed to be the solutions of the future for many research areas, and single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are one of the more interesting materials due to their highly desirable electronic, optical, thermal and mechanical properties. For instance, this combination of properties is of wide interest for biological applications, including cellular technologies. However, understanding cellular processing of SWCNTs is limited. In this thesis, quantification of sub-cellular events–including SWCNT uptake rates, altered mitosis, redistribution of sub-cellular components and reduced cellular functionalities–is used to formulate insight into how cells internalize and process SWCNTs. By understanding sub-cellular processing of SWCNTs, new basic science endeavors and SWCNT-based biological applications can be more effectively developed, and the insights can be generalized to other nanostructured materials.