cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Novel Test for Host-Symbiont Codivergence Indicates Ancient Origin of Fungal Endophytes in Grasses
Creators: name: Schardl, Chris L.
name: Craven, Kelly D.
name: Lindstrom, Adam
name: Speakman, Skyler
name: Stromberg, Arnold
name: Yoshida, Ruriko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Significant phylogenetic codivergence between plant or animal hosts ($H$) and their symbionts or parasites ($P$) indicate the importance of their interactions on evolutionary time scales. However, valid and realistic methods to test for codivergence are not fully developed. One of the systems where possible codivergence has been of interest involves the large subfamily of temperate grasses (Pooideae) and their endophytic fungi (epichloae). These widespread symbioses often help protect host plants from herbivory and stresses, and affect species diversity and food web structures. Here we introduce the MRCALink (most-recent-common-ancestor link) method and use it to investigate the possibility of grass-epichloë codivergence. MRCALink applied to ultrametric $H$ and $P$ trees identifies all corresponding nodes for pairwise comparisons of MRCA ages. The result is compared to the space of random $H$ and $P$ tree pairs estimated by a Monte Carlo method. Compared to tree reconciliation the method is less dependent on tree topologies (which often can be misleading), and it crucially improves on phylogeny-independent methods such as {\tt ParaFit} or the Mantel test by eliminating an extreme (but previously unrecognized) distortion of node-pair sampling. Analysis of 26 grass species-epichloë species symbioses did not reject random association of $H$ and $P$ MRCA ages. However, when five obvious host jumps were removed the analysis significantly rejected random association and supported grass-endophyte codivergence. Interestingly, early cladogenesis events in the Pooideae corresponded to early cladogenesis events in epichloae, suggesting concomitant origins of this grass subfamily and its remarkable group of symbionts. We also applied our method to the well-known gopher-louse data set.
description: 6 figures and 6 tables
Population Dynamics Model and Analysis for Bacteria Transformation and Conjugation
Creators: name: Dong, J. J.
name: Russo, J. D.
name: Sampson, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a two-species population model in a well-mixed environment where the dynamics involves, in addition to birth and death, changes due to environmental factors and inter-species interactions. The novel dynamical components are motivated by two common mechanisms for developing antibiotic resistance in bacteria: plasmid {\it transformation}, where external genetic material in the form of a plasmid is transferred inside a host cell; and {\it conjugation} by which one cell transfers genetic material to another by direct cell-to-cell contact. Through analytical and numerical methods, we identify the effects of transformation and conjugation individually. With transformation only, the two-species system will evolve towards one species' extinction, or a stable co-existence in the long-time limit. With conjugation only, we discover interesting oscillations for the system. Further, we quantify the combined effects of transformation and conjugation, and chart the regimes of stable co-existence, a result with ecological implications.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, J. Phys. Commun (2020)
Μελέτη Μεθόδων Αυτόματης Ετικετοποίησης σε Βάσεις Δεδομένων Εικόνων
Creators: name: Στρουθόπουλος, Παναγιώτης Χαράλαμπου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: Ετικετοποίηση
Ανάκτηση Εικόνων
Βάσεις Δεδομένων Εικόνων
Annotation
Image Retrieval
Image Databases

description: Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν η μελέτη μεθόδων αυτόματης ετικετοποίησης εικόνων. Στόχος ήταν η εύρεση όσο το δυνατότερο πιο ορθών ετικετών για μια καινούργια μη ετικετοποιημένη εικόνα. Για την προσπάθεια αυτή απαιτήθηκαν γνώσεις τόσο από το χώρο της Ψηφιακής Επεξεργασίας Εικόνας όσο και από τη Θεωριά γράφων και αλυσίδων Markov. Αρχικά παρουσιάζουμε μια ήδη υπάρχουσα μέθοδο και την υλοποιούμε προγραμματιστικά. Στη συνέχεια παραθέτουμε έναν δικό μας αλγοριθμο επεξεργασίας εικόνας για το πρόβλημα αυτό και επεκτείνουμε την υπάρχουσα μέθοδο εισάγοντας στη γράφο που χρησιμοποιεί νέους ορισμούς καταργώντας παλαιότερους. Στόχος αυτής της τροποποίησης είναι η μείωση της χωρικής και χρονικής πολυπλοκότητας του ήδη υπάρχοντος αλγορίθμου. Η τροποποίηση βασίζεται σε έννοιες από το χώρο της μηχανικής μάθησης αφού χρησιμοποιούνται τόσο στάδια ομαδοποίησης όσο και ταξινόμησης προτύπων. Με τον τρόπο αυτό δίνεται η περαιτέρω δυνατότητα βελτιστοποίησης και πειραματισμού λόγω της πληθώρας των μεθόδων που απαντούν στο πρόβλημα της ταξινόμησης και ομαδοποίησης.
description: The aim of the present thesis was the study of Automatic Image Annotation methods. The specific aim was the finding of appropriate annotations for a new un-annotated image. To achieve this we used algorithms from Digital Signal Processing and Graph Theory areas. We also focused on Markov chain principals. In the first part we present an already existing algorithm attacking this problem. We also implement this algorithm in C++. In the second part we provide an enhancement of the existing method, adding new definitions or excluding the old ones. The aim of this modification is the reduction of space and time complexity of the original algorithm. The modification is based on principals taken from machine learning theory. It consists of both classification and clustering stages allowing possible expansions and optimizations due to the wide variance of methods that answer to the problems of classification and clustering.
The stationary phase point method for transitional scattering: diffractive radio scintillation for pulsar
Creators: name: Zhang, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stationary phase point (SPP) method in one-dimensional case is introduced to treat the diffractive scintillation. From weak scattering, where the SPP number N=1, to strong scattering (N$\gg$1), via transitional scattering regime (N$\sim$2,3), we find that the modulation index of intensity experiences the monotonically increasing from 0 to 1 with the scattering strength, characterized by the ratio of Fresnel scale $\rf$ to diffractive scale $\rdiff$.
description: Hanas Meeting paper, appear in ChJAA, 2006, 6, Sup
L'ermeneutica biblico-patristica di Tommaso d'Aquino nel commento al De Divinis Nominibus dello Pseudo-Dionigi Areopagita
Creators: name: Marino, Francesco
Publisher: name: Apulia Theologica
Year: 2025

description: Apulia Theologica, V. 3 N. 2 (2017): Apulia theologica vol. 3, fascicolo 2
Theorizing practice/practicing theorizing: inquiries in global home economics education
Creators: name: Smith, Mary Gale
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Eight home economics teachers and I took up the invitation of Coulter (1993) to explore the work of Mikhail Bakhtin as a way of making us more "wide awake" (Greene, 1978) and "answerable" (Clark & Holquist, 1984) for our teaching and researching practices. The study involved learning from our own experiences inquiring into global home economics education. We met as a group once a month, and I met periodically with each teacher, for one semester. Using action research, conceptualized as grounded ethical practice, the research methods were primarily dialogues as conversational inquiry, whereby greater emphasis was given to listening and hearing than ocularcentric methods of gathering data. The three research questions that guided the study related to learning from experience in: the substantive area, in this case developing curriculum for a global perspective in home economics; the action research process, in this case as a process to effect a specific educational change; and the self or personal growth, in this case primarily professional development (Reinharz, 1992). This research report includes narrative and reflective accounts from three forms of action research within the study: teachers cooperating with an outside researcher where the researcher defines the topic and purpose of the research; teachers collaborating with a researcher where the research is seen as mutually beneficial and the topics and purposes are jointly defined; and teachers defining and conducting their own research independently or in collaboration with one another. It captures the diversity and complexity of the teachers' and the researcher's experiences and explores some of the struggles, the tensions, and the inner turmoil associated with action research for educational change. As a result of this research, we have become more consciously intentional in our practices and more thoughtful and reflective of their consequences. The phrase theorizing practice/practicing theorizing captures this notion as the teachers and I turned/retumed to the ethical questions that hold us in education.
Fluctuations and topological transitions of quantum Hall stripes: nematics as anisotropic hexatics
Creators: name: Ettouhami, A. M.
name: Doiron, C. B.
name: Côté, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study fluctuations and topological melting transitions of quantum Hall stripes near half-filling of intermediate Landau levels. Taking the stripe state to be an anisotropic Wigner crystal (AWC) allows us to identify the quantum Hall nematic state conjectured in previous studies of the 2D electron gas as an {\em anisotropic hexatic}. The transition temperature from the AWC to the quantum Hall nematic state is explicitly calculated, and a tentative phase diagram for the 2D electron gas near half-filling is suggested.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; version published in the Rapid Communications section of Phys. Rev. B
The Reichsrat in 1917/18 and the Beginning of the First Republic
Creators: name: Not Assigned
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: The essays in this volume are dedicated to the ups and downs of 100 years of Austrian democracy. On the occasion of the founding of the First Austrian Republic on November 12, 1918, Austrians celebrated the 100th anniversary of this event in recent Austrian history. Due to the deep divisions of the Austrian political camps (parties) democratic governance was troubled in the 1920s and ended in authoritarian rule in 1933. After World War II, the two principal political parties ÖVP (Christian conservatives) and SPÖ (Socialists), learned to work with one another in grand coalition governments and established a stable democratic regime. With the 'Freedom Party' (FPÖ) turning populist, xenophobic and anti-European Union, paired with the arrival of new parties such as the environmentalist/progressive 'Greens,' the Austrian party system realigned in 1986 and new center-right coalitions (ÖVP and FPÖ) came to govern Austria. Today political campaigns in Austria, too, are run on social media and millennials have less faith in democracy.
Detection power of separability criteria based on a correlation tensor: a case study
Creators: name: Sarbicki, Gniewomir
name: Scala, Giovanni
name: Chruściński, Dariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detection power of separability criteria based on a correlation tensor is tested within a family of generalized isotropic state in $d_1 \otimes d_2$. For $d_1 \neq d_2$ all these criteria are weaker than positive partial transposition (PPT) criterion. Interestingly, our analysis supports the recent conjecture that a criterion based on symmetrically informationaly complete positive operator-valued measure (SIC-POVMs) is stronger than realignment criterion.
Resampling-based confidence regions and multiple tests for a correlated random vector
Creators: name: Arlot, Sylvain
name: Blanchard, Gilles
name: Roquain, Etienne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G09 ; 62H15

description: We derive non-asymptotic confidence regions for the mean of a random vector whose coordinates have an unknown dependence structure. The random vector is supposed to be either Gaussian or to have a symmetric bounded distribution, and we observe $n$ i.i.d copies of it. The confidence regions are built using a data-dependent threshold based on a weighted bootstrap procedure. We consider two approaches, the first based on a concentration approach and the second on a direct boostrapped quantile approach. The first one allows to deal with a very large class of resampling weights while our results for the second are restricted to Rademacher weights. However, the second method seems more accurate in practice. Our results are motivated by multiple testing problems, and we show on simulations that our procedures are better than the Bonferroni procedure (union bound) as soon as the observed vector has sufficiently correlated coordinates.
description: submitted to COLT
Strange Attractors in Complex Networks
Creators: name: Villegas, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disorder and noise in physical systems often disrupt spatial and temporal regularity, yet chaotic systems reveal how order can emerge from unpredictable behavior. Complex networks, spatial analogs of chaos, exhibit disordered, non-Euclidean architectures with hidden symmetries, hinting at spontaneous order. Finding low-dimensional embeddings that reveal network patterns and link them to dimensionality that governs universal behavior remains a fundamental open challenge, as it needs to bridge the gap between microscopic disorder and macroscopic regularities. Here, the minimal space revealing key network properties is introduced, showing that non-integer dimensions produce chaotic-like attractors.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, and Supplemental Material. Accepted in Phys. Rev. E
Μελέτη αλληλεπίδρασης του μη ιονικού Pluronic F68 με τις κατιονικές τασενεργές ουσίες Διδωδεκυλοδιμεθυλαμμώνιο βρωμίδιο και Διδεκατετρακυλοδιμεθυλαμμώνιο βρωμίδιο με μετρήσεις επιφανειακών τάσεων στη διεπιφάνεια διαλύματος-αέρα
Creators: name: Μανώλη, Σπυριδούλα Βασιλείου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: Τασενεργές ουσίες
Επιφανειακή τάση
Κρίσιμη συγκέντρωση μικκυλιοποίησης
Surfactants
Surface Tension
Critical micelle concentration

description: Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν η μελέτη της κινητικής προσρόφησης μειγμάτων ενός πολυμερούς, του Plurοnic F68 με κατιονικές τασενεργές ουσίες (διδωδεκυλοδιμεθυλαμμώνιο βρωμίδιο και διδεκατετρακυλοδιμεθυλαμμώνιο βρωμίδιο) στη διεπιφάνεια διαλύματος-αέρα. Από την μελέτη των μειγμάτων αυτών σε διαφορετικές συγκεντρώσεις προσδιορίστηκε η κρίσιμη συγκέντρωση μικκυλιοποίησης. Επιπλέον εξετάστηκε η αλληλεπίδραση των τασενεργών συστατικών στα μεικτά διαλύματα και η εμφάνιση η μη των φαινομένων συνέργειας ή παρεμπόδισης. Γι αυτό συγκρίναμε τις χαρακτηριστικές καμπύλες των ουσιών αυτών σε διαγράμματα μεταβολής της επιφανειακής τάσης με το χρόνο. Μετά το τέλος των προαναφερθέντων πειραμάτων, παρουσιάσαμε τα αποτελέσματα καθώς και τα συμπεράσματα που προέκυψαν, τα οποία είναι άκρως ενδιαφέροντα για μελλοντικές μελέτες.
description: The aim of the thesis was to study the adsorption kinetics of mixtures of a polymer, Pluronic F68 with cationic surfactants (Didodecyldimethylammonium bromide and Dimethylditetradecylammonium bromide) at the interface air- solution. From the study of these mixtures in different concentrations was determined critical micelle concentration. Moreover it was examined that the interaction of surfactants ingredients in mixed solutions and the appearance or not of the phenomena of synergy or hindrance. Therefore we compared the characteristic curves of these substances in variation diagrams of surface tension versus time. After the completion of the above experiments, we presented the results and the conclusions, which are very interesting for future studies.
Threshold quantum cryptograph based on Grover's algorithm
Creators: name: Du, Jian-Zhong
name: Qin, Su-Juan
name: Wen, Qiao-Yan
name: Zhu, Fu-Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Grover's operator in the two-qubit case can transform a basis into its conjugated basis. A permutation operator can transform a state in the two conjugated bases into its orthogonal state. These properties are included in a threshold quantum protocol. The proposed threshold quantum protocol is secure based the proof that the legitimate participators can only eavesdrop 2 bits of 3 bits operation information on one two-qubit with error probability 3/8. We propose a scheme to detect the Trojan horse attack without destroying the legal qubit.
description: 7 pages, 1 figures
An Empirical Study of Visual Features for DNN based Audio-Visual Speech Enhancement in Multi-talker Environments
Creators: name: Shetu, Shrishti Saha
name: Chakrabarty, Soumitro
name: Habets, Emanuël A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Audio-visual speech enhancement (AVSE) methods use both audio and visual features for the task of speech enhancement and the use of visual features has been shown to be particularly effective in multi-speaker scenarios. In the majority of deep neural network (DNN) based AVSE methods, the audio and visual data are first processed separately using different sub-networks, and then the learned features are fused to utilize the information from both modalities. There have been various studies on suitable audio input features and network architectures, however, to the best of our knowledge, there is no published study that has investigated which visual features are best suited for this specific task. In this work, we perform an empirical study of the most commonly used visual features for DNN based AVSE, the pre-processing requirements for each of these features, and investigate their influence on the performance. Our study shows that despite the overall better performance of embedding-based features, their computationally intensive pre-processing make their use difficult in low resource systems. For such systems, optical flow or raw pixels-based features might be better suited.
Critical Insights into Animal Welfare and Protection Laws in India
Creators: name: Cherryl Miranda, Sushant Handage and Aparna Hebbar H
Publisher: name: Bio Vet Innovator Magazine
Year: 2024

description: Humans first appeared as hunter-gatherers in prehistoric periods, and they have since developed into established groups centred on agriculture. Because they have either tamed animals or made them their prey, they have been linked to animals. Taking care of animals and making oneself comfortable dates back to the Neolithic era, at least 10,000 years ago, when animal husbandry first emerged. People were required to take animal welfare into account in order to accomplish their personal goals by the integrity and ethics of animal welfare that emerged throughout the Neolithic era. "If we take care of animals, animals will take care of us" (Strand, 2014). During the last part of the 20th century, the field of veterinary medicine dedicated to animal welfare has grown into a distinct specialty unto itself.
An automatic system to discriminate malignant from benign massive lesions in mammograms
Creators: name: Delogu, P.
name: Fantacci, M. E.
name: Kasae, P.
name: Retico, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evaluating the degree of malignancy of a massive lesion on the basis of the mere visual analysis of the mammogram is a non-trivial task. We developed a semi-automated system for massive-lesion characterization with the aim to support the radiological diagnosis. A dataset of 226 masses has been used in the present analysis. The system performances have been evaluated in terms of the area under the ROC curve, obtaining A_z=0.80+-0.04.
description: 4 pages, 2 figure; Proceedings of the Frontier Science 2005, 4th International Conference on Frontier Science, 12-17 September, 2005, Milano, Italy
Time--space white noise eliminates global solutions in reaction diffusion equations
Creators: name: Bonder, Julián Fernández
name: Groisman, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H15, 35R60, 35B60

description: We prove that perturbing the reaction--diffusion equation $u_t=u_{xx} + (u_+)^p$ ($p>1$), with time--space white noise produces that solutions explodes with probability one for every initial datum, opposite to the deterministic model where a positive stationary solution exists.
description: New results included. To be published in Physica D
Theoretical Modelling of High-Resolution X-Ray Absorption Spectra at Uranium M4 Edge
Creators: name: Kolorenc, J.
name: Kvashnina, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the origin of satellite features that appear in the high-resolution x-ray absorption spectra measured at the uranium M 4 edge in compounds where the uranium atoms are in the U 6+ oxidation state. We employ a material-specific Anderson impurity model derived from the electronic structure obtained by the density-functional theory.
description: MRS Advances (2018)
Branching Ratio and CP Asymmetry of $B_s \to π^0 η^{(\prime)}$ Decays in the perturbative QCD Approach
Creators: name: Xiao, Zhen-jun
name: Liu, Xin
name: Wang, Hui-sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the branching ratios and CP-violating asymmetries for $B_s^0 \to π^0 η^{(\prime)}$ decays in the perturbative QCD (pQCD) factorization approach here. We not only calculate the usual factorizable contributions, but also evaluate the non-factorizable and annihilation type contributions. The pQCD predictions for the CP-averaged branching ratios are $BR(B_s^0 \to π^0 η) \approx 0.86 \times 10^{-7}$ and $BR(B_s^0 \to π^0 η') \approx 1.86 \times 10^{-7}$. The pQCD predictions for the CP-violating asymmetries are $A_{CP}^{dir}(π^0 η)\sim -4.5 % $, $A_{CP}^{dir}(π^0 η')\sim -9.1% $, $A_{CP}^{mix}(π^0 η)\sim -0.2%$, and $A_{CP}^{mix}(π^0 η')\sim 27.0%$ but with large errors. The above pQCD predictions can be tested in the near future LHC-b experiments at CERN and the BTeV experiments at Fermilab.
description: 15 pages 3 eps figures
Modelo de Plano de Gestão de Dados para Pesquisa Clínica
Creators: name: Veiga, Viviane
name: Pacheco de Moraes, Natalia
name: Penedo, Erick
name: Henning, Patrícia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão Pecha Kucha I, da 15ª Conferência Lusófona de Ciência Aberta, na Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto (ESEP), de 01 a 04 de outubro de 2024.
Αριθμητικός υπολογισμός οικονομικών παράγωγων:
Creators: name: Παπαχρήστου, Αθανάσιος Σταμάτη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: Αριθμητικός
Οικονομικά
Παράγωγα
Numerical
Financial
Derivatives

description: Αντικείμενο της εργασίας είναι ο υπολογισμός οικονομικών παράγωγων με αριθμητική επίλυση της ΜΔΕ Black-Scholes (BS) και με χρήση της διωνυμικής μεθόδου και της μεθόδου Monte Carlo. Αρχικά, παράγεται η ΜΔΕ BS και επιλύεται αναλυτικά. Στην συνέχεια επιλύεται αριθμητικά με άμεσες και έμμεσες αριθμητικές μεθόδους πεπερασμένων διαφορών. Τέλος γίνεται αποτίμηση των παραγώγων με την δυωνυμική μέθοδο και με μέθοδο Monte Carlo. Για να γίνει καλύτερα αντιληπτή η διαδικασία παραγωγής της ΜΔΕ BS, προηγείται μια σύντομη επισκόπηση στις πιθανότητες και στις στοχαστικές ΔΕ. Ο προγραμματισμός των αριθμητικών μεθόδων έγινε στην γλώσσα C++, εκτός της μεθόδου Monte Carlo για αμερικανικά παράγωγα, που έγινε σε Mathematica και Matlab. Τα γραφικά έγιναν στην Mathematica.
description: This thesis is about the numerical computation of financial derivatives by solving the Black-Scholes (BS) PDF, and by using the binomial and Monte Carlo methods. First, the BS PDF is derived and solved analytically. Next, it is solved numerically with explicit and implicit finite difference methods. Finally, the binomial and Monte Carlo methods are used to price the derivatives. For better understanding of the derivation of BS PDF, a brief overview of probabilities and stochastic differential equations are preceding. The programming of numerical methods are made in C++, except from the Monte Carlo for American derivatives, that is made in Mathematica and Matlab. The graphics are made in Mathematica.
The Rolling Tachyon Boundary Conformal Field Theory on an Orbifold
Creators: name: Kawai, Shinsuke
name: Keski-Vakkuri, Esko
name: Leigh, Robert G.
name: Nowling, Sean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the non-trivial boundary conformal field theory with exactly marginal boundary deformation. In recent years this deformation has been studied in the context of rolling tachyons and S-branes in string theory. Here we study the problem directly from an open string point of view, at one loop. We formulate the theory of the Z_2 reflection orbifold. To do so, we extend fermionization techniques originally introduced by Polchinski and Thorlacius. We also explain how to perform the open string computations at arbitrary (rational) radius, by consistently constructing the corresponding shift orbifold, and show in what sense these are related to known boundary states. In a companion paper, we use these results in a cosmological context involving decaying branes.
description: 23 pages
British Columbia principals and the evaluation of teaching
Creators: name: Edgar, William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the views of British Columbia principals with regard to the formal evaluation of teaching. Four major concepts were addressed a) the purpose of evaluation; b) the process of evaluation; c) the need for further principal training in evaluation; and, d) obstacles to carrying out evaluation. The sex of principals and years of experience as a principal were identified for further analysis because these variables are absent in the literature on formal evaluation. The data consisted of relevant clauses from all 75 British Columbia school district collective agreements and responses to a survey sent to the members of the British Columbia Principals' and Vice-Principals' Association. The achieved sample is 188 principals. The findings of this study show the conduct of formal evaluation is a responsibility willingly accepted by principals and that it is a function they consider they carry out well. Collective agreements say little about the purpose of evaluation. The majority of principals believe the most important purpose of evaluation is teacher growth and development. Female principals indicate a stronger orientation towards teacher growth and development than males but this difference may also be related to principals' different experience levels. Relatively few evaluations are carried out and only a very small proportion result in "less than satisfactory" reports. Evaluations leading to "satisfactory" and "less than satisfactory" reports are characterised in very different terms by principals. Anecdotal responses support the assertion made in the literature that principals believe they already know who their 'weak' teachers are before conducting an evaluation. British Columbia principals consider time as the primary obstacle to carrying out formal evaluation. Evaluation cycles and site management responsibilities are perceived as the major time consumers. Neither size of staff nor percentage of teaching time were identified as significant time barriers by the respondents. Principals do not label themselves as under-trained for the responsibility of formal evaluator of teaching. Moreover, master's specialty and previous training are not linked to further training needs nor to how well principals believe they do evaluation. Three policy recommendations emerge from this study: (1) to re-assess the role of principal as evaluator in the light of their wider responsibilities; (2) to consider extending the role of formal evaluator to educators other than school-based administrators; and (3) to re-assess the value of formal evaluation as currently practised.
A Semantic Framework for PEGs
Creators: name: Medeiros, Sérgio
name: Olarte, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.2; F.4.3; D.3.4

description: Parsing Expression Grammars (PEGs) are a recognition-based formalism which allows to describe the syntactical and the lexical elements of a language. The main difference between Context-Free Grammars (CFGs) and PEGs relies on the interpretation of the choice operator: while the CFGs' unordered choice e | e' is interpreted as the union of the languages recognized by e and e, the PEGs' prioritized choice e/e' discards e' if e succeeds. Such subtle, but important difference, changes the language recognized and yields more efficient parsing algorithms. This paper proposes a rewriting logic semantics for PEGs. We start with a rewrite theory giving meaning to the usual constructs in PEGs. Later, we show that cuts, a mechanism for controlling backtracks in PEGs, finds also a natural representation in our framework. We generalize such mechanism, allowing for both local and global cuts with a precise, unified and formal semantics. Hence, our work strives at better understanding and controlling backtracks in parsers for PEGs. The semantics we propose is executable and, besides being a parser with modest efficiency, it can be used as a playground to test different optimization ideas. More importantly, it is a mathematical tool that can be used for different analyses.
Fashioning the Rest: National Ascription in Austria After the First World War
Creators: name: Deak, John
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: The settlement of Versailles was more than a failed peace. What was debated at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919–1920 hugely influenced how nations and empires, sovereignty, and the international order were understood after the Great War—and into the present. Beyond Versailles argues that this transformation of ideas was not the work of the treaty makers alone, but emerged in interaction with nationalist groups, anti-colonial movements, and regional elites who took up the rhetoric of Paris and made it their own. In shifting the spotlight from the palace of Versailles to the peripheries of Europe, Beyond Versailles turns to the treaties' resonance on the ground and shows why the principles of the peace settlement meant different things in different locales. It was in places a long way from Paris—in Polish borderlands and in Portuguese colonies, in contested spaces like Silesia, Teschen and Danzig, and in states emerging from imperial collapse like Austria, Egypt, and Iran—that notions of nation and sovereignty, legitimacy, and citizenship were negotiated and contested.
From Data Harvesting to Querying for Making Urban Territories Smart
Creators: name: Vargas-Solar, Genoveva
name: Castillo-Camporro, Ana-Sagrario
name: Zechinelli-Martini, José
name: Espinosa-Oviedo, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This chapter provides a summarized, critical and analytical point of view of the data-centric solutions that are currently applied for addressing urban problems in cities. These solutions lead to the use of urban computing techniques to address their daily life issues. Data-centric solutions have become popular due to the emergence of data science. The chapter describes and discusses the type of urban challenges and how data science in urban computing can face them. Current solutions address a spectrum that goes from data harvesting techniques to decision making support. Finally, the chapter also puts in perspective families of strategies developed in the state of the art for addressing urban problems and exhibits guidelines that can lead to a methodological understanding of these strategies.
Διαχείριση των φυσικών καταστροφών: εφαρμογή εκτίμησης της πλημμυρικής και κατολισθητικής επικινδυνότητας σε περιοχή του Ν. Χαλκιδικής
Creators: name: Ζωίδου, Κωνσταντίνα Θωμά
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: Διαχείριση φυσικών καταστροφών
Πλημμύρες, κατολισθήσεις
Γεωγραφικά Συστήματα Πληροφοριών, Πολυπαραγοντική ανάλυση
Management of natural hazards
Floods and landslides
Geographical Information Systems, Multicriteria analysis

description: Η παρούσα εργασία αναφέρεται στους σημαντικότερους φυσικούς κινδύνους που πλήττουν τον πλανήτη, καθώς και στις τεχνολογίες και τεχνικές εκτίμησης της επικινδυνότητας τους. Ιδιαίτερη έμφαση δίνεται στις πλημμύρες, τις κατολισθήσεις και τις ροές κορημάτων, φαινόμενα που εμφανίζονται με ολοένα και αυξανόμενη συχνότητα στον ελλαδικό χώρο. Στα πλαίσια αυτά, παρουσιάζεται ένα παράδειγμα εφαρμογής της εκτίμησης της επικινδυνότητας μιας περιοχής της ΒΑ Χαλκιδικής, σε πλημμυρικά και κατολισθητικά φαινόμενα. Συλλέγονται πληροφορίες που αφορούν φυσικούς - τοπιολογικούς παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν τα παραπάνω φαινόμενα, αλλά και τις ανθρωπογενείς επεμβάσεις που λαμβάνουν χώρα στην περιοχή, οι οποίες στη συνέχεια επεξεργάζονται και συσχετίζονται κατάλληλα με τη βοήθεια των Γ.Σ.Π. και συγκεκριμένα του λογισμικού ArcGis 9. Τέλος με τη χρήση της πολυπαραγοντικής ανάλυσης προκύπτει το τελικό μοντέλο επικινδυνότητας και παράγονται ο χάρτες επιδεκτικότητας για την περιοχή, ώστε να αξιολογηθούν και να διεξαχθούν χρήσιμα συμπεράσματα.
description: The present diploma thesis refers to the major natural hazards which affect the planet, as well as the technologies and techniques for their risk assessment. Particular emphasis is given to floods and landslides, phenomena that occur with an increasing frequency in Greece. Within this framework, an application example of hazard estimation of floods, landslides and debris flow is presented, in a region of NE Chalkidiki. Information is collected regarding natural and topological factors which affect the above phenomena, as well as the anthropogenic interventions that take place in the area, which are then processed and correlated properly with the use of GIS and specifically the software ArcGis 9. Finally, with the use of multicriteria analysis results the final hazard model and susceptibility maps are produced for the region, in order to be assessed and to come to useful conclusions.
A HaloSat Analysis of the Cygnus Superbubble
Creators: name: Bluem, Jesse
name: Kaaret, Philip
name: Fuelberth, William
name: Zajczyk, Anna
name: LaRocca, Daniel M.
name: Ringuette, R.
name: Jahoda, Keith M.
name: Kuntz, K. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cygnus Superbubble (CSB) is a region of soft X-ray emission approximately 13 degrees wide in the direction of the local spiral arm. Such a large region might be the result of strong stellar winds and supernovae from nearby stellar nurseries, or it could be the result of a single event - a hypernova. HaloSat observed 4 non-overlapping 10 degree diameter fields in the CSB region over the 0.4-7 keV band. The CSB absorption and temperature was found to be consistent over all 4 fields, with a weighted average of 6.1x10^21 cm^-2 and 0.190 keV, respectively. These observations suggest that the CSB is a cohesive object with a singular origin. The total thermal energy for the CSB is estimated at 4x10^52 erg, based upon a shell-like physical model of the CSB. Absorption and distance estimates to Cyg OB associations are examined. The CSB absorption is found to be most consistent with the absorption seen in Cyg OB1, implying that the CSB lies at a similar distance of 1.1-1.4 kpc.
description: 14 pages. 6 figures
La diffusione della dottrina luterana in Russia e le reazioni ortodosse
Creators: name: Nikitin, Dmitrij Evgenʹevič
Publisher: name: Apulia Theologica
Year: 2025

description: Apulia Theologica, V. 3 N. 2 (2017): Apulia theologica vol. 3, fascicolo 2
Gauge Mediation in Metastable Vacua
Creators: name: Dine, Michael
name: Mason, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Until recently, dynamical supersymmetry breaking seemed an exceptional phenomenon, involving chiral gauge theories with a special structure. Recently it has become clear that requiring only metastable states with broken supersymmetry leads to a far broader class of theories. In this paper, we extend these constructions still further, finding new classes which, unlike earlier theories, do not have unbroken, approximate $R$ symmetries. This allows construction of new models with direct gauge mediation. These theories permit a relatively compact solution to the $μ$ problem.
description: 11 pages, latex. Issues of metastability further elaborated
Impacts of climate change and carp pond farming in Austria
Creators: name: Bauer, Christian
name: Gratzl, Günther
name: Fichtenbauer, Martin
name: Peham, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The Waldviertel in Lower Austria is the most important carp breeding area in Austria, and a large proportion of the approximately 650 tons of table carp produced annually in Austria come from there. The Waldviertel is a highland area with a low mountain range character, which was originally characterized by long, snowy winters. As a result, the production of table carp took four years. However, in recent decades there has been a significant change in climatic conditions, with corresponding effects on fish farming.

The significant increase in temperatures has extended the production period (Fig. 1). This means that carp reach their slaughter weight faster. Often three years are sufficient instead of four.

The higher water temperatures in the fall cause problems when it comes to harvesting, as cooler water temperatures are advantageous at this time. However, harvesting cannot be postponed indefinitely into the fall/winter, as the ponds have to be refilled with water in time for spring. This is becoming increasingly difficult due to the reduced precipitation (snow) in winter.

Higher water temperatures go hand in hand with lower oxygen levels in the water, especially in the summer months. This is increasingly causing problems, not only for the carp but also for sensitive fish species such as whitefishes (Coregonus), which also have a hard time coping with the high temperature peaks in summer.

Blue-green algae blooms occur more frequently into the fall and in deep ponds, stratification occurs with an oxygen-free deep zone.

Pond management is therefore faced with a series of challenges that need to be overcome in order to lead a centuries-old form of aquaculture, which has shaped a whole cultural landscape, into the future.
Lung nodule detection in low-dose and high-resolution CT scans
Creators: name: Delogu, P.
name: Fantacci, M. E.
name: Gori, I.
name: Martinez, A. Preite
name: Retico, A.
name: Tata, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are developing a computer-aided detection (CAD) system for the identification of small pulmonary nodules in screening CT scans. The main modules of our system, i.e. a dot-enhancement filter for nodule candidate selection and a neural classifier for false positive finding reduction, are described. The preliminary results obtained on the so-far collected database of lung CT are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure; Proceedings of the Frontier Science 2005, 4th International Conference on Frontier Science, 12-17 September, 2005, Milano, Italy
Monoenergetic High-energy Ion Source via Femtosecond Laser Incident Parallel to a Microplate
Creators: name: Shen, X. F.
name: Pukhov, A.
name: Qiao, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using fully three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, we show that readily available femtosecond laser systems can stably generate proton beams with hundred MeV energy and low spread at $\sim1\%$ level by parallel irradiation of a tens of micrometers long plasma plate. As the laser pulse sweeps along the plate, it drags out a huge charge ($\sim$100 nC) of collimated energetic electrons and accelerates them along the plate surface to superponderomotive energies. When this dense electron current arrives at the rear end of the plate, it induces a strong electrostatic field. Due to the excessive space charge of electrons, the longitudinal field becomes bunching while the transverse field is focusing. Together, this leads to a highly monoenergetic energy spectrum and much higher proton energy as compared to simulation results from typical target normal sheath acceleration and radiation pressure acceleration at the same laser parameters.
Routh's procedure for non-Abelian symmetry groups
Creators: name: Crampin, M.
name: Mestdag, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34A26; 37J15; 53C05; 70H03

description: We extend Routh's reduction procedure to an arbitrary Lagrangian system (that is, one whose Lagrangian is not necessarily the difference of kinetic and potential energies) with a symmetry group which is not necessarily Abelian. To do so we analyse the restriction of the Euler-Lagrange field to a level set of momentum in velocity phase space. We present a new method of analysis based on the use of quasi-velocities. We discuss the reconstruction of solutions of the full Euler-Lagrange equations from those of the reduced equations.
description: 30 pages, to appear in J Math Phys
The perceptions of female Japanese students on homestays and learning English in Greater Vancouver
Creators: name: Fryer, Chad Gregory Hutson
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Homestay living has long been considered a mainstay of successful English language programs for international students in North America based on the crosscultural experiential learning theory. However, there is a significant knowledge gap of information on the applicability of this theory in the context of nonwestern students living in North America. This study investigated the perceptions of young adult Japanese women who chose to live in homestays while studying English in Greater Vancouver. Eight students were selected primarily based on the number of international students living with their host family. The participants were divided into four categories: one student, two student, three student, and four student homestays. It was found that many of the participants felt that homestays were useful especially in regards to cultural learning and the acquiring of basic life skills needed for life in Greater Vancouver. However, the participants overwhelming felt that students need to have more input on the host family selection process, and that the agencies or schools responsible for organizing homestays must take a greater responsibility in ensuring families offer an acceptable level of homestay care. Finally, only two of the eight participants felt that they would recommend studying English in Greater Vancouver without reservation because of the high number of Japanese students in such programs, there was a feeling amongst the participants that a large contingent of other Japanese students makes it too easy to speak Japanese which reduced their opportunities to befriend Canadians and other international students.
Τεχνικές Σημασιολογικής Ανάλυσης και Διαχείρισης Ηχητικού Περιεχομένου
Creators: name: Τσίπας, Νικόλαος Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: Σημασιολογική Ανάλυση Ήχου
Εντοπισμός Ρεφρέν
Πίνακες ιδιο-διαφορών
Semantic Audio Analysis
Chorus identification
Self Similarity Matrices

description: Με την διπλωματική αυτή εργασία επιχειρούμε να εισάγουμε νέες τεχνικές σημασιολογικής ανάλυσης και διαχείρισης ηχητικού περιεχομένου με στόχο την βελτίωση της πλοήγησης σε βάσεις δεδομένων που περιέχουν μεγάλο όγκο μουσικού ηχητικού περιεχομένου. Η παρούσα εργασία εμπίπτει στο ευρύτερο ερευνητικό πεδίο της εξαγωγής πληροφορίας από την μουσική (Music Information Retrieval, MIR). Προτείνονται δύο συστήματα (σύστημα Α και σύστημα Β) που επιλύουν αντίστοιχα το πρόβλημα του αυτόματου εντοπισμού των ηχητικών τμημάτων που αποτελούν τα ρεφρέν και το πρόβλημα του ημιαυτόματου εντοπισμού των ηχητικών τμημάτων στα οποία υπάρχει ανθρώπινη φωνή σε ένα μουσικό αρχείο ήχου. Η προσέγγιση μας βασίζεται στην χρήση αλγορίθμων ταξινόμησης (μηχανικής μάθησης) και στην ανάλυση πινάκων ιδιο-διαφορών για την εξαγωγή σημασιολογικής πληροφορίας από ένα σύνολο υπολογισμένων ηχητικών χαρακτηριστικών. Για την υλοποίηση των δύο συστημάτων, την πρόσβαση σε εργαλεία δημιουργίας δεδομένων αληθείας (ground truth), τον υπολογισμό της απόδοσης καθώς και την παρουσίαση ενδεικτικών εφαρμογών που αξιοποιούν στην εξαχθείσα σημασιολογική πληροφορία αναπτύχθηκε μια ενοποιημένη, διαδικτυακή πλατφόρμα ανάλυσης (Wekano).
description: The aim of the present thesis is to introduce new techniques for semantic analysis of audio signals in order to provide improved exploration of databases containing large amounts of music data. Our work belongs to the broader research field of Music Information Retrieval (MIR). The two proposed systems (system A and system B) are attempting to solve the problems of automatic chorus identification and semiautomatic detection of singing voice segments within audio tracks, respectively. Our approach is based on the utilization of classification algorithms (machine learning) and self-similarity matrices for the extraction of semantic information from a collection of extracted audio features. In order to implement the proposed systems, provide access to audio annotation tools for the creation of ground truth data, calculate performance and present relevant applications that take advantage of the extracted semantic information, a unified, web based analysis platform (Wekano) has been developed.
description: Σε συνεργασία με το τμήμα Λογιστικής και Χρηματοοικονομικής (Πανεπιστήμιο Μακεδονίας)