cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Particle acceleration by relativistic magnetic reconnection driven by kink instability turbulence in Poynting flux dominated jets
Creators: name: Medina-Torrejon, Tania E.
name: Pino, Elisabete M. de Gouveia Dal
name: Kadowaki, Luis H. S.
name: Kowal, Grzegorz
name: Singh, Chandra B.
name: Mizuno, Yosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle acceleration in magnetized relativistic jets still puzzles theorists, specially when one tries to explain the highly variable emission observed in blazar jets or gamma-ray bursts putting severe constraints on current models. In this work we investigate the acceleration of particles injected in a three-dimensional relativistic magnetohydrodynamical jet subject to current driven kink instability (CDKI), which drives turbulence and fast magnetic reconnection. Test protons injected in the nearly stationary snapshots of the jet, experience an exponential acceleration up to a maximum energy. For a background magnetic field of $B \sim 0.1$ G, this saturation energy is $\sim 10^{16}$ eV, while for $B \sim 10$ G it is $\sim 10^{18}$ eV. The simulations also reveal a clear association of the accelerated particles with the regions of fast reconnection. In the early stages of the development of the non-linear growth of CDKI in the jet, when there are still no sites of fast reconnection, injected particles are also efficiently accelerated, but by magnetic curvature drift in the wiggling jet spine. However, they have to be injected with an initial energy much larger than that required for particles to accelerate in reconnection sites. Finally, we have also obtained from the simulations an acceleration time due to reconnection with a weak dependence on the particles energy $E$, $t_A \propto E^{0.1}$. The energy spectrum of the accelerated particles develops a high energy tail with a power law index $p \sim$ -1.2 in the beginning of the acceleration, in agreement with earlier works. Our results provide an appropriate multi-dimensional framework for exploring this process in real systems and explain their complex emission patterns, specially in the very high energy bands and the associated neutrino emission recently detected in some blazars.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
APPLICATION OF MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF NEURAL NETWORKS IN FACE RECOGNITION
Creators: name: Nurjanov, Furkatbek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In this article, solving the problem of neural networks in facial image recognition is becoming increasingly relevant issues in the field of science. In this regard, methods and advantages of using mathematical models of neural networks based on facial image recognition are considered. In addition, the proposed mathematical model and neural network algorithm are very suitable for facial image recognition applications.
First Images of R Aquarii and its Asymmetric H$_{2}$O Shell
Creators: name: Ragland, S.
name: Coroller, H. Le
name: Pluzhnik, E.
name: Cotton, W. D.
name: Danchi, W. C.
name: Monnier, J. D.
name: Traub, W. A.
name: Willson, L. A.
name: Berger, J. -P.
name: Lacasse, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report imaging observations of the symbotic long-period Mira variable R Aquarii (R Aqr) at near-infrared and radio wavelengths. The near-infrared observations were made with the IOTA imaging interferometer in three narrow-band filters centered at 1.51, 1.64, and 1.78 $μ$m, which sample mainly water, continuum, and water features, respectively. Our near-infrared fringe visibility and closure phase data are analyzed using three models. (a) A uniform disk model with wavelength-dependent sizes fails to fit the visibility data, and is inconsistent with the closure phase data. (b) A three- component model, comprising a Mira star, water shell, and an off-axis point source, provide a good fit to all data. (c) A model generated by a constrained image reconstruction analysis provides more insight, suggesting that the water shell is highly non-uniform, i.e., clumpy. The VLBA observations of SiO masers in the outer molecular envelope show evidence of turbulence, with jet-like features containing velocity gradients.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Checking text transcriptions and glosses
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-221217-02: checking transcriptions and glosses from transcribed texts, mostly from VP-121106-01 ("Verdena's Life Story"), also a couple from VP-240208-03 (first narration of the Pear Story Video).
An information-theoretic approach to infer the underlying interaction domain among elements from finite length trajectories in a noisy environment
Creators: name: Basak, Udoy S.
name: Sattari, Sulimon
name: Motaleb, Hossain M.
name: Horikawa, Kazuki
name: Komatsuzaki, Tamiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transfer entropy in information theory was recently demonstrated [Phys. Rev. E 102, 012404 (2020)] to enable us to elucidate the interaction domain among interacting elements solely from an ensemble of trajectories. There, only pairs of elements whose distances are shorter than some distance variable, termed cutoff distance, are taken into account in the computation of transfer entropies. The prediction performance in capturing the underlying interaction domain is subject to noise level exerted on the elements and the sufficiency of statistics of the interaction events. In this paper, the dependence of the prediction performance is scrutinized systematically on noise level and the length of trajectories by using a modified Vicsek model. The larger the noise level and the shorter the time length of trajectories, the more the derivative of average transfer entropy fluctuates, which makes it difficult to identify the interaction domain in terms of the position of global minimum of the derivative of average transfer entropy. A measure to quantify the degree of strong convexity at coarse-grained level is proposed. It is shown that the convexity score scheme can identify the interaction distance fairly well even while the position of global minimum of the derivative of average transfer entropy does not. We also derive an analytical model to explain the relationship between the interaction domain and the change of transfer entropy that supports our cutoff distance technique to elucidate the underlying interaction domain from trajectories.
Adaptive Bernstein Copulas and Risk Management
Creators: name: Pfeifer, Dietmar
name: Ragulina, Olena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 62H05, 62H12, 62H17, 11K45

description: We present a constructive approach to Bernstein copulas with an admissible discrete skeleton in arbitrary dimensions when the underlying marginal grid sizes are smaller than the number of observations. This prevents an overfitting of the estimated dependence model and reduces the simulation effort for Bernstein copulas a lot. In a case study, we compare different approaches of Bernstein and Gaussian copulas w.r.t. the estimation of risk measures in risk management.
description: corrected version; 27 pages, 58 figures, 17 tables
Intrinsic Correlations Among Characteristics of Neutron-rich Matter Imposed by the Unbound Nature of Pure Neutron Matter
Creators: name: Cai, Bao-Jun
name: Li, Bao-An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unbound nature of pure neutron matter (PNM) requires intrinsic correlations between the symmetric nuclear matter (SNM) EOS parameters (incompressibility $K_0$, skewness $J_0$ and kurtosis $I_0$) and those (slope $L$, curvature $K_{\rm{sym}}$ and skewness $J_{\rm{sym}}$) characterizing the symmetry energy independent of any nuclear many-body theory. We investigate these intrinsic correlations and their applications in better constraining the poorly known high-density behavior of nuclear symmetry energy. Several novel correlations connecting the characteristics of SNM EOS with those of nuclear symmetry energy are found. In particular, at the lowest-order of approximations, the bulk parts of the slope $L$, curvature $K_{\rm{sym}}$ and skewness $J_{\rm{sym}}$ of the symmetry energy are found to be $L\approx K_0/3, K_{\rm{sym}}\approx LJ_0/2K_0$ and $J_{\rm{sym}}\approx I_0L/3K_0$, respectively. High-order corrections to these simple relations can be written in terms of the small ratios of high-order EOS parameters. The resulting intrinsic correlations among some of the EOS parameters reproduce very nicely their relations predicted by various microscopic nuclear many-body theories and phenomenological models constrained by available data of terrestrial experiments and astrophysical observations in the literature. The unbound nature of PNM is fundamental and the required intrinsic correlations among the EOS parameters characterizing both the SNM EOS and symmetry energy are universal. These intrinsic correlations provide a novel and model-independent tool not only for consistency checks but also for investigating the poorly known high-density properties of neutron-rich matter by using those with smaller uncertainties.
description: Phys. Rev. C in press
Doping dependence of the superconducting gap in Tl_2Ba_2CuO_{6+delta} from heat transport
Creators: name: Hawthorn, D. G.
name: Li, S. Y.
name: Sutherland, M.
name: Boaknin, Etienne
name: Hill, R. W.
name: Proust, C.
name: Ronning, F.
name: Tanatar, M. A.
name: Paglione, Johnpierre
name: Taillefer, Louis
name: Peets, D.
name: Liang, Ruixing
name: Bonn, D. A.
name: Hardy, W. N.
name: Kolesnikov, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present low-temperature thermal conductivity measurements on the cuprate Tl_2Ba_2CuO_{6+delta} throughout the overdoped regime. In the T -> 0 limit, the thermal conductivity due to d-wave nodal quasiparticles provides a bulk measurement of the superconducting gap, Delta. We find Delta to decrease with increasing doping, with a magnitude consistent with spectroscopic measurements (photoemission and tunneling). This argues for a pure and simple d-wave superconducting state in the overdoped region of the phase diagram, which appears to extend into the underdoped regime down to a hole concentration of 0.1 hole/Cu. As hole concentration is decreased, the gap-to-Tc ratio increases, showing that the suppression of the superconducting transition temperature Tc (relative to the gap) begins in the overdoped regime.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
РАНЯЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА ИНФЕКЦИОННЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ
Creators: name: Набиева, Ф.C.
name: Ташанова, З.И.
name: Мухаммадиев, Н.М.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Как известно многие учёные подтвердили, что в данное время имеется огромная проблема быстрой и точной диагностики многих заболеваний, которые могут представляет угрозу для жизни и привести к ухудшению здоровья всего человечество. Как показал Covid-19, молниеносное и неконтролируемое распространение инфекционных болезней может привести к эпидемии или даже к пандемии. Своевременной и современной диагностикой инфекционных заболеваний является лабораторная диагностика, к которой можно отнести иммуноферментный анализ. Для выявление инфекционных заболеваний иммуноферментный анализ становится одним из главных методов диагностики и в данной статье рассматривается спектр применяемых областей и принцип работы иммуноферментного анализа на современном этапе.
Propagation Effects in Quiet Sun Observations at Meter Wavelengths
Creators: name: Sharma, Rohit
name: Oberoi, Divya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quiet sun meterwave emission arises from thermal bremsstrahlung in the MK corona, and can potentially be a rich source of coronal diagnostics. On its way to the observer, it gets modified substantially due to the propagation effects - primarily refraction and scattering - through the magnetized and turbulent coronal medium, leading to the redistribution of the intensity in the image plane. By comparing the full-disk meterwave solar maps during a quiet solar period and the modelled thermal bremsstrahlung emission, we characterise these propagation effects. The solar radio maps between 100 and 240 MHz come from the Murchison Widefield Array. FORWARD package is used to simulate thermal bremsstrahlung images using the self-consistent Magnetohydrodynamic Algorithm outside a Sphere coronal model. The FORWARD model does not include propagation effects. The differences between the observed and modelled maps are interpreted to arise due to scattering and refraction. There is a good general correspondence between the predicted and observed brightness distributions, though significant differences are also observed. We find clear evidence for the presence of significant propagation effects, including anisotropic scattering. The observed radio size of the Sun is 25--30\% larger in area. The emission peak corresponding to the only visible active region shifts by 8'--11' and its size increases by 35--40\%. Our simple models suggest that the fraction of scattered flux density is always larger than a few tens of percent, and varies significantly between different regions. We estimate density inhomogeneities to be in the range 1--10\%.
Sample-path large deviations for tandem and priority queues with Gaussian inputs
Creators: name: Mandjes, Michel
name: van Uitert, Miranda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K25 (Primary) 60F10\sep 60G15 (Secondary)

description: This paper considers Gaussian flows multiplexed in a queueing network. A single node being a useful but often incomplete setting, we examine more advanced models. We focus on a (two-node) tandem queue, fed by a large number of Gaussian inputs. With service rates and buffer sizes at both nodes scaled appropriately, Schilder's sample-path large-deviations theorem can be applied to calculate the asymptotics of the overflow probability of the second queue. More specifically, we derive a lower bound on the exponential decay rate of this overflow probability and present an explicit condition for the lower bound to match the exact decay rate. Examples show that this condition holds for a broad range of frequently used Gaussian inputs. The last part of the paper concentrates on a model for a single node, equipped with a priority scheduling policy. We show that the analysis of the tandem queue directly carries over to this priority queueing system.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051605000000133 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Polynomial KP and BKP $τ$-functions and correlators
Creators: name: Harnad, J.
name: Orlov, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattices of polynomial KP and BKP $τ$-functions labelled by partitions, with the flow variables equated to finite power sums, as well as associated multipair KP and multipoint BKP correlation functions are expressed via generalizations of Jacobi's bialternant formula for Schur functions and Nimmo's Pfaffian ratio formula for Schur $Q$-functions. These are obtained by applying Wick's theorem to fermionic vacuum expectation value representations in which the infinite group element acting on the lattice of basis states stabilizes the vacuum.
description: 26 pages. References updated. Notations for $Q_{\alpha}$ rendered more consistent. Statement and proof of Propositions 4.1 and 4.2 revised. Eq. (4.6) corrected. Typos corrected
Transcription of the narration of Reel #6 (collection LA 256)
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-221217-03: transcription of VP-190317-10 (narration of Reel #6 from the LA 256 collection at SCOIL, one of six reels of 8mm film created by Verdena in the 1960s, featuring scenes of everyday life around Hoopa Valley as well as Brush Dances). From beginning to 3:18. Due to re-numbering, Reel #6 has been assigned the CLA item number LA 256.045.
Long lasting therapeutic effects of Yoo's solution for ischemic stroke
Creators: name: Yoo, Seo Hong
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: MLPT. Quantitative analysis showed 70% reduction of TUNEL-positive cells in 100mg Yoo's solution group compared to vehicle group. In the 100mg Yoo's solution group 67.4 % decreased caspase-3 activity was found at 7 days after reperfusion compared to the vehicle group. Yoo's solution has long-lasting neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia by direct contact to brain lesions, and has clear advantages in therapeutic application.

Brain tissue and plasma were collected for the analysis of UDCA levels in brain tissue after injection of Yoo's solution. Surprisingly, UDCA was found about one tenth of blood concentration in the brain tissue. The mean infarct volumes of 100 mg Yoo's solution group at 7 days was 29.7% of the infarct volume of the vehicle group (P<0.05). The Rotarod performance of 100mg Yoo's solution group showed 80% improvement, whereas the vehicle group showed 40% and far better performance on the MLPT. Quantitative analysis showed 70% reduction of TUNEL-positive cells in 100mg Yoo's solution group compared to vehicle group. In the 100mg Yoo's solution group 67.4 % decreased caspase-3 activity was found at 7 days after reperfusion compared to the vehicle group. Yoo's solution has long-lasting neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia by direct contact to brain lesions, and has clear advantages in therapeutic application.
Asymptotic properties of mathematical models of excitability
Creators: name: Biktasheva, I. V.
name: Simitev, R. D.
name: Suckley, R.
name: Biktashev, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse small parameters in selected models of biological excitability, including Hodgkin-Huxley (1952) model of nerve axon, Noble (1962) model of heart Purkinje fibres, and Courtemanche et al. (1998) model of human atrial cells. Some of the small parameters are responsible for differences in the characteristic timescales of dynamic variables, as in the traditional singular perturbation approaches. Others appear in a way which makes the standard approaches inapplicable. We apply this analysis to study the behaviour of fronts of excitation waves in spatially-extended cardiac models. Suppressing the excitability of the tissue leads to a decrease in the propagation speed, but only to a certain limit; further suppression blocks active propagation and leads to a passive diffusive spread of voltage. Such a dissipation may happen if a front propagates into a tissue recovering after a previous wave, e.g. re-entry. A dissipated front does not recover even when the excitability restores. This has no analogy in FitzHugh-Nagumo model and its variants, where fronts can stop and then start again. In two spatial dimensions, dissipation accounts for break-ups and self-termination of re-entrant waves in excitable media with Courtemanche et al. (1998) kinetics.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, to appear in Phil Trans Roy Soc London A
Particle separation by Stokes number for small neutrally buoyant spheres in a fluid
Creators: name: Tallapragada, Phanindra
name: Ross, Shane. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is a commonly observed phenomenon that spherical particles with inertia in an incompressible fluid do not behave as ideal tracers. Due to the inertia of the particle, the dynamics are described in a four dimensional phase space and thus can differ considerably from the ideal tracer dynamics. Using finite time Lyapunov exponents we compute the sensitivity of the final position of a particle with respect to its initial velocity, relative to the fluid and thus partition the relative velocity subspace at each point in configuration space. The computations are done at every point in the relative velocity subspace, thus giving a sensitivity field. The Stokes number being a measure of the independence of the particle from the underlying fluid flow, acts as a parameter in determining the variation in these partitions. We demonstrate how this partition framework can be used to segregate particles by Stokes number in a fluid. The fluid model used for demonstration is a two dimensional cellular flow.
Understanding Approximate Fisher Information for Fast Convergence of Natural Gradient Descent in Wide Neural Networks
Creators: name: Karakida, Ryo
name: Osawa, Kazuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Natural Gradient Descent (NGD) helps to accelerate the convergence of gradient descent dynamics, but it requires approximations in large-scale deep neural networks because of its high computational cost. Empirical studies have confirmed that some NGD methods with approximate Fisher information converge sufficiently fast in practice. Nevertheless, it remains unclear from the theoretical perspective why and under what conditions such heuristic approximations work well. In this work, we reveal that, under specific conditions, NGD with approximate Fisher information achieves the same fast convergence to global minima as exact NGD. We consider deep neural networks in the infinite-width limit, and analyze the asymptotic training dynamics of NGD in function space via the neural tangent kernel. In the function space, the training dynamics with the approximate Fisher information are identical to those with the exact Fisher information, and they converge quickly. The fast convergence holds in layer-wise approximations; for instance, in block diagonal approximation where each block corresponds to a layer as well as in block tri-diagonal and K-FAC approximations. We also find that a unit-wise approximation achieves the same fast convergence under some assumptions. All of these different approximations have an isotropic gradient in the function space, and this plays a fundamental role in achieving the same convergence properties in training. Thus, the current study gives a novel and unified theoretical foundation with which to understand NGD methods in deep learning.
description: NeurIPS 2020
Fuzzy Mediation as a Dynamic Extension to Information Fusion
Creators: name: Vincenti, Giovanni
name: Trajkovski, Goran
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2007
Subjects: Fuzzy mediation
Information fusion
Shared control
Supervised learning
Collaborative learning

description: This paper presents an innovative approach to the field of information fusion. Fuzzy mediation differentiates itself from other algorithms, as this approach is dynamic in nature. The experiments reported in this work analyze the interaction of two distinct controllers as they try to maneuver an artificial agent through a path. Fuzzy mediation functions as fusion engine to integrate the two inputs to produce a single output. Results show that fuzzy mediation is a valid method to mediate between two distinct controllers. The work reported in this article lays the foundation for the creation of an effective tool that uses positive feedback systems instead of negative ones to train human and non-human agents in the performance of control tasks.
description: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4408083&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fiel5%2F4407957%2F4407958%2F04408083.pdf%3Farnumber%3D4408083
title: ÐÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð²ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼. ÐÑÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°
title: ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ
titleType: Subtitle
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Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2023
Subjects: ÐÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÑÐµÑÐ¸
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description: Ð£ÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ²ÑÐµÑ ÐºÑÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ñ Â«ÐÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð²ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Â». Ð Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð°ÐµÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÑÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð·Ð°ÐºÑÐµÐ¿Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð² Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°Ð»Ð»ÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ·ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ. Ð Ð½ÑÐ¼ ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ ÐºÑÐ°ÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐµÐ¾ÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐ²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ·ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ. Ð£ÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð², Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐºÐ¸ Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð² 09.04.01 Â«ÐÐ½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ° Ð¸ Ð²ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ°Â», Ð² ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸, Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð»Ñ 09.04.01_15 Â«Ð¢ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÂ».
Two and Three Pseudoscalar Production in $e^{+}e^{-}$ annihilation and their contributions to $(g-2)_μ$
Creators: name: Qin, Wen
name: Dai, Ling-Yun
name: Portoles, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A coherent study of $e^{+}e^{-}$ annihilation into two ($π^{+}π^{-}$,$K^{+}K^{-}$) and three ($π^{+}π^{-}π^{0},π^{+}π^{-}η$) pseudoscalar meson production is carried out within the framework of resonance chiral theory in energy region $E\lesssim 2 \, \mathrm{GeV}$. The work of {[}L. Y. Dai, J. Portolés, and O. Shekhovtsova, Phys. Rev. D 88,056001 (2013){]} is revisited with the latest experimental data and a joint analysis of two pseudoscalar meson production. Hence, we evaluate the lowest order hadronic vacuum polarization contributions of those two and three pseudoscalar processes to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. We also estimate some higher-order additions led by the same hadronic vacuum polarization. Combined with the other contributions from the standard model, the theoretical prediction differs still by $(21.6 \pm 7.4)\times 10^{-10}$ (2.9$σ$) from the experimental value.
description: 41 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables, to be the same as the published version
title: Preußen – ein Konstrukt: Vom Erfolg des borussischen Geschichtsbildes und der Schwierigkeit, ein zeitgemäßes zu etablieren
Creators: name: Luh, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Max Weber Stiftung
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hohenzollern (Dynastie : 1061-)
subject: Preußen
subject: Geschichtsbild
subject: Geschichte 1700-1947
subject: 943
subject: 32

description: Das Bild, das man von Preußen meist hat, ist das des machtvollen Staates, errichtet durch Kurfürst Friedrich Wilhelm und die Könige Friedrich Wilhelm I. und Friedrich II, den Großen; König Friedrich I. wird darin kaum ein Anteil zuerkannt. Dieses Bild ist eine Konstruktion der borussischen, dem preußischen Patriotismus und den Hohenzollern anhängenden Historiker. Gepriesen werden die militärische Stärke und Wehrhaftigkeit des Staates, die Toleranz, das Pflichtdenken von Herrschern und Untertanen. Dass man aufgrund der neueren Forschungen hinter diese angeblichen Charakteristika Fragezeichen setzen muss, wird nur ungern wahrgenommen. Die Menschen tendieren dazu, bei ihrer gewohnten, favorisierten Meinung zu bleiben. Unterstützt durch eine unkritische, nur auf Effekt und Anekdoten bedachte Berichterstattung vor allem in den einflussreichen Filmmedien, hält man in der Öffentlichkeit an dem liebgewonnenen Geschichtsbild fest. Ein zeitgemäßes Preußenbild in der Gesellschaft zu verankern, ist daher nur schwer möglich.
description: Gespräche am Rheinsberger Musenhof – Auftakt: Beiträge des ersten Kolloquiums vom 6. und 7. Mai 2022, p. 4
First principles study of local electronic and magnetic properties in pure and electron-doped Nd$_2$CuO$_4$
Creators: name: Bersier, C.
name: Renold, S.
name: Stoll, E. P.
name: Meier, P. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local electronic structure of Nd2CuO4 is determined from ab-initio cluster calculations in the framework of density functional theory. Spin-polarized calculations with different multiplicities enable a detailed study of the charge and spin density distributions, using clusters that comprise up to 13 copper atoms in the CuO2plane. Electron doping is simulated by two different approaches and the resulting changes in the local charge distribution are studied in detail and compared to the corresponding changes in hole doped La2CuO4. The electric field gradient (EFG) at the copper nucleus is investigated in detail and good agreement is found with experimental values. In particular the drastic reduction of the main component of the EFG in the electron-doped material with respect to LaCuO4 is explained by a reduction of the occupancy of the 3d3z^2-r^2 atomic orbital. Furthermore, the chemical shieldings at the copper nucleus are determined and are compared to results obtained from NMR measurements. The magnetic hyperfine coupling constants are determined from the spin density distribution.
Probing the boundary of phase transition of nuclear matter using proton flows in heavy-ion collisions at 2-8 GeV/nucleon
Creators: name: Guo, Ya-Fei
name: Yong, Gao-Chan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the relativistic transport model ART with the hadronic equation of state extended to have a phase transition via the use of the MIT bag model, properties of phase transition of dense nuclear matter formed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions are investigated. Proton sideward and directed flows are calculated with different equation of states in Au + Au collisions at beam energies of 2, 4, 6 and 8 GeV/nucleon. Compared with AGS experimental data in existence, the boundary of first-order phase transition is roughly confined, i.e., in the range of 2.5-4 times saturation density with temperature about 64-94 MeV. Such constraints are useful for ongoing RHIC Beam Energy Scan-II program to study the QCD matter phase diagram.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
title: 3D Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°. ÐÐ»Ð¾Ð±Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
title: ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÐµÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÐµÐ²Ð°, Ð¢Ð°ÑÑÑÐ½Ð°
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2023
Subjects: ÐÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°
ÐÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ

description: Ð Ð°ÑÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð³Ð»Ð¾Ð±Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑÐ²Ð°ÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ðº ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÑ Ð³Ð»Ð¾Ð±Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¸ Ð¸Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸.
On the gaps between zeros of trigonometric polynomials
Creators: name: Kozma, Gady
name: Oravecz, Ferenc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42A05, 42B99, 30C15, 26C10

description: We show that for every finite symetric set S of integer vectors, every real trigonometric polynomial on the d dimensional torus with spectrum in S has a zero in every closed ball of diameter D, where D is the sum over S of 1 over 4 times the L2 norm of the vector. We investigate tightness in some special cases.
description: 7 pages
Third-order perturbative solutions in the Lagrangian perturbation theory with pressure
Creators: name: Tatekawa, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lagrangian perturbation theory for cosmological fluid describes structure formation in the quasi-nonlinear stage well. We present a third-order perturbative equation for Lagrangian perturbation with pressure in both the longitudinal and transverse modes. Then we derive the perturbative solution for simplest case.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure; accepted for publication in Physical Review D
IZRK Metadata Portal: Cataloguing the multidisciplinarity of karst (meta)data
Creators: name: Năpăruş-Aljancic, Magdalena
name: Kafol, Žan
name: Pipan, Tanja
name: Šebela, Stanka
name: Čeligoj Biščak, Jasmina
name: Ravbar, Nataša
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Karstology is a multidisciplinary science that encompasses a wide range of earth and life sciences: hydrology, geology, biology, geomorphology, ecology, microbiology, speleology, and history of karst science. The Karst Research Institute ZRC SAZU reinforced its long tradition of excellent research by becoming the national coordinator and headquarters of three major environmental European RIs in Slovenia: LifeWatch ERIC, EPOS ERIC and eLTER RI. Karst Research Institute Data Centre recently established the IZRK metadata portal (https://metadata.izrk.zrc-sazu.si).

Built on the GeoNetwork platform, the portal adheres to FAIR data principles, collecting and mapping various datasets, databases, research sites, equipment, virtual labs, models, and codes. GeoNetwork core standards do not appear to be interoperable with DDI standards. Due to the open source nature and broader use of such platforms in various research domains, researchers are constantly confronted with these issues - which platform to use, which standards, so that they are able to satisfy multiple aggregation catalogues at European or global scale.

Here we present our practical approach to publishing metadata using different standards on one platform. We also propose theoretical and practical solutions to be platform independent and/or provide ad hoc conversion web services to transform and export metadata to other standards including DDI.
Quantum Monte Carlo method for models of molecular nanodevices
Creators: name: Arrachea, Liliana
name: Rozenberg, Marcelo J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a quantum Monte Carlo technique to calculate exactly at finite temperatures the Green function of a fermionic quantum impurity coupled to a bosonic field. While the algorithm is general, we focus on the single impurity Anderson model coupled to a Holstein phonon as a schematic model for a molecular transistor. We compute the density of states at the impurity in a large range of parameters, to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the method. We also obtain the conductance of the impurity model and analyze different regimes. The results show that even in the case when the effective attractive phonon interaction is larger than the Coulomb repulsion, a Kondo-like conductance behavior might be observed.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
A Magnetar Flare in the BATSE Catalog?
Creators: name: Crider, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To identify extragalactic magnetar flares, we have searched for their periodic tails by generating Lomb periodograms of the emission following short bursts detected by the Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE). Out of 358 short bursts examined, one has a significant tail periodicity (T = 13.8 s, P = 4 x 10^-5). The most probable host galaxy for this burst is "The Fireworks Galaxy" NGC 6946 (d = 5.9 Mpc). At this distance, the energy of the spike, (2.7 +/- 0.3) x 10^44 ergs, is akin to those of the galactic magnetar giant flares, as are its duration (~ 0.4 s) and temperature (250 +/- 60 keV). For the tail emission, however, our estimated temperature of 60 +/- 5 keV is harder and the energy release of (4.3 +/- 0.8) x 10^45 ergs is larger than those of the galactic magnetar flares. Regardless of the host, such a large ratio of tail-to-spike energy would imply that magnetar flare tails might be detectable out to further distances than previously thought.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, presented at the "Gamma Ray Bursts in the Swift Era" conference
Creating a galaxy lacking dark matter in a dark matter dominated universe
Creators: name: Macciò, Andrea V.
name: Prats, Daniel Huterer
name: Dixon, Keri L.
name: Buck, Tobias
name: Waterval, Stefan
name: Arora, Nikhil
name: Courteau, Stéphane
name: Kang, Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use hydrodynamical cosmological simulations to show that it is possible to create, via tidal interactions, galaxies lacking dark matter in a dark matter dominated universe. We select dwarf galaxies from the NIHAO project, obtained in the standard Cold Dark Matter model and use them as initial conditions for simulations of satellite-central interactions. After just one pericentric passage on an orbit with a strong radial component, NIHAO dwarf galaxies can lose up to 80 per~cent of their dark matter content, but, most interestingly, their central ($\approx 8$~kpc) dark matter to stellar ratio changes from a value of ${\sim}25$, as expected from numerical simulations and abundance matching techniques, to roughly unity as reported for NGC1052-DF2 and NGC1054-DF4. The stellar velocity dispersion drops from ${\sim}30$ ${\rm km\,s^{-1}}$ before infall to values as low as $6\pm 2$~ ${\rm km\,s^{-1}}$. These, and the half light radius around 3 kpc, are in good agreement with observations from van Dokkum and collaborators. Our study shows that it is possible to create a galaxy "without" dark matter starting from typical dwarf galaxies formed in a dark matter dominated universe, provided they live in a dense environment.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures. Two extra figures added, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Acupuncture increases dendritic arborization and dendritic spine density in the CA1 region of the hippocampus in social isolated rats
Creators: name: Dávila-Hernández, Amalia
name: Zamudio, Sergio Roberto
name: González-González, Roberto
name: Pchardo, Luz Adriana
name: Juan, Eduardo Ramírez-San
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Introduction: Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders, displays high rates of lifetime prevalence, early age of onset, high chronicity, and role impairment, and is characterized by a depressed mood and anhedonia. Due the importance of depression and undesirable effects of conventional treatment is necessary to use complementary therapies such as acupuncture, a non-pharmacological treatment, simple procedure and, without adverse effects, which has demonstrated clinical efficacy in depression, and using embedding thread in acupoints can be a prolonged stimulus for at least three weeks.

Objective: to evaluate the effect of embedding thread in acupoints on pyramidal neurons morphology in the hippocampus CA1 region in a depression model.

Conclusions: 1. Social isolation in rats induces dendritic morphology changes, similar to those that have been observed in patients with depression. 2. Embedded thread in acupoints reversed the neuromorphological effects of social isolation.
Manifestations of the absence of spin diffusion in multipulse NMR experiments on diluted dipolar solids
Creators: name: Franzoni, M. B.
name: Levstein, P. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Puzzling anomalies previously observed in multipulse NMR experiments in natural abundance 29Si [A.E. Dementyev, D. Li, K. MacLean, and S.E. Barrett, Phys. Rev. B 68, 153302 (2003)] such as long-lived spin echoes and even-odd asymmetries, are also found in polycrystalline C60. Further experiments controlling the phases and tilting angles of the pulse trains, as well as analytical and numerical calculations allowed us to explain the origin of these anomalies. We prove that the observation of long magnetization tails requires two conditions: i) an rf field inhomogeneity able to produce different tilting angles in different sites of the sample and ii) the absence of spin diffusion (non-effective flip-flop interactions). The last requirement is easily satisfied in diluted dipolar solids, where the frequency differences between sites, caused by disorder or other sources, are usually at least one order of magnitude larger than the dipolar couplings. Both conditions lead to the generation of stimulated echoes in Carr-Purcell (CP) and Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) pulse trains. We show, both experimentally and theoretically, that the stimulated echoes interfere constructively or destructively with the normal (Hahn) echoes depending on the alternation or not of the pi pulse phases in the CP and the CPMG sequences. Constructive interferences occur for the CP and CPMG sequences with and without phase alternation respectively, which are the cases where long magnetization tails are observed. Sequences with two, three and four pi pulses after the pi/2 pulse allow us to disentangle the contributions of the different echoes and show how the stimulated echoes originate the even-odd asymmetry observed in both 29Si and C60 polycrystalline samples.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Mécanismes de l’atténuation naturelle dans la nappe phréatique
Creators: name: Rau, Pedro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 370701
subject: Contaminant hydrology
classificationCode: 410503
subject: Groundwater quality processes and contaminated land assessment

description: Rapport de cas d’étude 2011
Precession of spheroids under Lorentz violation and observational consequences for neutron stars
Creators: name: Xu, Rui
name: Gao, Yong
name: Shao, Lijing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Standard-Model Extension (SME) is an effective-field-theoretic framework that catalogs all Lorentz-violating field operators. The anisotropic correction from the minimal gravitational SME to Newtonian gravitational energy for spheroids is studied, and the rotation of rigid spheroids is solved with perturbation method and numerical approach. The well-known forced precession solution given by Nordtvedt in the parameterized post-Newtonian formalism is recovered and applied to two observed solitary millisecond pulsars to set bounds on the coefficients for Lorentz violation in the SME framework. A different solution, which describes the rotation of an otherwise free-precessing star in the presence of Lorentz violation, is found, and its consequences on pulsar signals and continuous gravitational waves (GWs) emitted by neutron stars (NSs) are investigated. The study provides new possible tests of Lorentz violation once free-precessing NSs are firmly identified in the future.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures; accepted by PRD
Summation, transformation, and expansion formulas for multibasic theta hypergeometric series
Creators: name: Gasper, George
name: Schlosser, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33D65, 33E20

description: After reviewing some fundamental facts from the theory of theta hypergeometric series we derive, using indefinite summation, several summation, transformation, and expansion formulas for multibasic theta hypergeometric series. Some of the identities presented here generalize corresponding formulas given in Chapter 11 of the Gasper and Rahman book [Basic hypergeometric series, 2nd ed., Encyclopedia of Mathematics And Its Applications 96, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004].
description: 18 pages; for the proceedings of the workshop "Elliptic Integrable Systems" (RIMS, Kyoto, November 8-11, 2004), special volume of the Rokko Lectures in Mathematics
Scaling of disorder operator at $(2+1)d$ U(1) quantum criticality
Creators: name: Wang, Yan-Cheng
name: Cheng, Meng
name: Meng, Zi Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study disorder operator, defined as a symmetry transformation applied to a finite region, across a continuous quantum phase transition in $(2+1)d$. We show analytically that at a conformally-invariant critical point with U(1) symmetry, the disorder operator with a small U(1) rotation angle defined on a rectangle region exhibits power-law scaling with the perimeter of the rectangle. The exponent is proportional to the current central charge of the critical theory. Such a universal scaling behavior is due to the sharp corners of the region and we further obtain a general formula for the exponent when the corner is nearly smooth. To probe the full parameter regime, we carry out systematic computation of the U(1) disorder parameter in the square lattice Bose-Hubbard model across the superfluid-insulator transition with large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations, and confirm the presence of the universal corner correction. The exponent of the corner term determined from numerical simulations agrees well with the analytical predictions.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures; published version
How to Evade a No-Go Theorem in Flavor Symmetries
Creators: name: Koide, Yoshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A no-go theorem in flavor symmetries is reviewed. The theorem asserts that we cannot bring any flavor symmetry into mass matrix model in which number of Higgs scalars is, at most, one for each sector (e.g. H_u and H_d for up- and down-quark sectors, respectively). Such the strong constraint comes from the SU(2)_L symmetry. Possible three options to evade the theorem are discussed.
description: 10 pages, no figure, talk given at International Workshop on Grand Unified Theories: Current Status and Future Prospects, Kusatsu, Japan, December 17 - 19, 2007