cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 2 of Optical tissue measurements of invasive carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ for surgical guidance
Creators: name: De Boer, Lisanne L.
name: Kho, Esther
name: Van De Vijver, Koen K.
name: Marie-Jeanne T. F. D. Vranken Peeters
name: Van Duijnhoven, Frederieke
name: Hendriks, Benno H. W.
name: Sterenborg, Henricus J. C. M.
name: Ruers, Theo J. M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2. Mean DRS spectra and histopathology examples of ‘Fat’, ‘Connective’, ‘IC’, and ‘DCIS’ that were used for extracting the spectral features. This figure displays the mean spectra of the four tissue types and the standard deviation, as well as examples of the corresponding HE samples.
Modeling the Louisiana Local Government Fiscal Module in a Disequilibrium Environment: A Modified COMPAS Model Approach
Creators: name: Adhikari, Arun
name: Fannin, J. Matthew
name: Adhikari, Arun
name: Fannin, J. Matthew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Public Economics

description: Abstract. The objective of this study is to assess and measure the relative forecasting performance of local government expenditures in Community Policy Analysis Models (COMPAS) during periods of supply/demand disequilibrium. We evaluate whether a fiscal module under the COMPAS framework (an equilibrium model) fits better under a disequilibrium economic en- vironment. We find that both a simple naïve model with one year lagged expenditure and a lagged expenditure model with revenue capacity variables significantly increased forecasting performance relative to the traditional supply/demand equilibrium model of the public sec- tor. We also found weak evidence suggesting that in cases where the equilibrium model is used in a cross-sectional setting, quantile regression may improve forecasting performance given the heterogeneity in the quantity and quality of preferences in public services.
Coexistence of nontrivial topological properties and strong ferromagnetic fluctuations in $A_2$Cr$_3$As$_3$ ($A$=Na, K, Rb and Cs)
Creators: name: Xu, Chenchao
name: Wu, Ninghua
name: Zhi, Guo-Xiang
name: Lei, Bing-Hua
name: Duan, Xu
name: Ning, Fanlong
name: Cao, Chao
name: Chen, Qijin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductivity in crystals without inversion symmetry has received extensive attention due to its unconventional pairing and possible nontrivial topological properties. Using first-principles calculations, we systemically study the electronic structure of noncentrosymmetric superconductors $A_2$Cr$_3$As$_3$ ($A$=Na, K, Rb and Cs). Topologically protected triply degenerate points connected by one-dimensional arcs appear along the $C_{3}$ axis, coexisting with strong ferromagnetic (FM) fluctuations in the non-superconducting state. Within random phase approximation, our calculations show that strong enhancements of spin fluctuations are present in K$_2$Cr$_3$As$_3$ and Rb$_2$Cr$_3$As$_3$, and are substantially reduced in Na$_2$Cr$_3$As$_3$ and Cs$_2$Cr$_3$As$_3$. Symmetry analysis of spin-orbit coupling $g_{k}$ suggests that the arc surface states might remain stable in the superconducting state, giving rise to possible nontrivial topological properties.
description: We have some typos corrected and add discussion about the effect of ferromagnetic fluctuations on the band topology. We also add discussion on the topological property in the superconducting state with the symmetry indicators method recently proposed
MOESM1 of Engaging patients and the public in Health Research: experiences, perceptions and training needs among Manitoba health researchers
Creators: name: Crockett, Leah
name: Shimmin, Carolyn
name: Wittmeier, Kristy
name: Sibley, Kathryn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Survey Questionnaire.
Using Revealed Preference Behavioral Models to Correctly Account for Substitution Effects in Economic Impact Analysis
Creators: name: Deisentroth, Daniel B.
name: Loomis, John B.
name: Bond, Craig A.
name: Deisentroth, Daniel B.
name: Loomis, John B.
name: Bond, Craig A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This study presents a methodology to correctly account for substitution patterns in estimates of final demand used in economic impact analysis. Then, this methodology is demonstrated empirically using recreational tourism data. Specifically, this study a) presents the results of a behavioral model for recreation demand; b) uses the predictions from this model to drive changes in final demand for an input-output economic impact model; and c) presents results from this impact model, contrasting them with the naïve assumption of no/limited substitution. Empirical results indicate that failure to account for substitution in final demand could result in gross overestimates of economic impacts.
The dual of nothing
Creators: name: Balasubramanian, Vijay
name: Ross, Simon F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider ``bubbles of nothing'' constructed by analytically continuing black hole solutions in Anti-de Sitter space. These provide interesting examples of smooth time-dependent backgrounds which can be studied through the AdS/CFT correspondence. Our examples include bubbles constructed from Schwarzschild-AdS, Kerr-AdS and Reissner-Nordstrom AdS. The Schwarzschild bubble is dual to Yang-Mills theory on three dimensional de Sitter space times a circle. We construct the boundary stress tensor of the bubble spacetime and relate it to the properties of field theory on de Sitter.
description: 15 pages, 1 eps figure, LaTeX
Targeting melanoma’s MCL1 bias unleashes the apoptotic potential of BRAF and ERK1/2 pathway inhibitors
Creators: name: Sale, Matthew J.
name: Minihane, Emma
name: Monks, Noel R.
name: Gilley, Rebecca
name: Richards, Frances M.
name: Schifferli, Kevin P.
name: Andersen, Courtney L.
name: Davies, Emma J.
name: Vicente, Mario Aladren
name: Ozono, Eiko
name: Markovets, Aleksandra
name: Dry, Jonathan R.
name: Drew, Lisa
name: Flemington, Vikki
name: Proia, Theresa
name: Jodrell, Duncan I.
name: Smith, Paul D.
name: Cook, Simon J.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/631/67/1059/602
/631/80/82
/631/80/86
/13/2
/13/31
/13/106
/13/109
/14/34
/38
/38/39
/42
/45
/45/41
/96/95
article

description: Funder: AstraZeneca
description: Abstract: BRAF and MEK1/2 inhibitors are effective in melanoma but resistance inevitably develops. Despite increasing the abundance of pro-apoptotic BIM and BMF, ERK1/2 pathway inhibition is predominantly cytostatic, reflecting residual pro-survival BCL2 family activity. Here, we show that uniquely low BCL-XL expression in melanoma biases the pro-survival pool towards MCL1. Consequently, BRAF or MEK1/2 inhibitors are synthetic lethal with the MCL1 inhibitor AZD5991, driving profound tumour cell death that requires BAK/BAX, BIM and BMF, and inhibiting tumour growth in vivo. Combination of ERK1/2 pathway inhibitors with BCL2/BCL-w/BCL-XL inhibitors is stronger in CRC, correlating with a low MCL1:BCL-XL ratio; indeed the MCL1:BCL-XL ratio is predictive of ERK1/2 pathway inhibitor synergy with MCL1 or BCL2/BCL-w/BCL-XL inhibitors. Finally, AZD5991 delays acquired BRAFi/MEKi resistance and enhances the efficacy of an ERK1/2 inhibitor in a model of acquired BRAFi + MEKi resistance. Thus combining ERK1/2 pathway inhibitors with MCL1 antagonists in melanoma could improve therapeutic index and patient outcomes.
Controlled self-aggregation of polymer-based nanoparticles employing shear flow and magnetic fields
Creators: name: Toneian, David
name: Likos, Christos N.
name: Kahl, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Star polymers with magnetically functionalized end groups are presented as a novel polymeric system whose morphology, self-aggregation, and orientation can easily be tuned by exposing these macromolecules simultaneously to an external magnetic field and to shear forces. Our investigations are based on a specialized simulation technique which faithfully takes into account the hydrodynamic interactions of the surrounding, Newtonian solvent. We find that the combination of magnetic field (including both strength and direction) and shear rate controls the mean number of magnetic clusters, which in turn is largely responsible for the static and dynamic behavior. While some properties are similar to comparable non-magnetic star polymers, others exhibit novel phenomena; examples of the latter include the breakup and reorganization of the clusters beyond a critical shear rate, and a strong dependence of the efficiency with which shear rate is translated into whole-body rotations on the direction of the magnetic field.
Empirical Evidence Regarding Regional Political Convergence in the United States
Creators: name: Heckelman, Jac
name: Dinan, John
name: Heckelman, Jac
name: Dinan, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
Political Economy

description: Previous studies of U.S. political polarization have examined state-level convergence and divergence. Increasingly, scholars have turned from state-level analyses to regional analyses and advanced claims as to whether regions are becoming more similar or dissimilar. Yet, formal testing has remained largely absent. Using panel unit root tests, we determine whether regional political convergence is occurring between 1970 and 2004. Our results suggest the importance of distinguishing between ideological convergence and partisan convergence. We find the four regions and eight subregions are stochastically converging to a national norm in regard to ide-ology but not with regard to partisanship. Convergence for partisanship is, however, occurring within three of the regions, but not within the Midwest.
A Simple Test of σ-Convergence in U.S. Housing Prices across BEA Regions
Creators: name: Nissan, Edward
name: Payne, James E.
name: Nissan, Edward
name: Payne, James E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Public Economics

description: This study probes the convergence of housing prices at the regional and the state levels. Regional classification follows the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) designation of eight regions using quarterly data from 1975:1 to 2012:3. The statistical approach employed is σ-convergence, where regional and state variances are computed for testing the hypotheses. The results indicate that housing prices in nine states converge to the overall U.S. housing prices while the remaining forty-one states fail to do so. At the regional level, housing prices in the Great Lakes, Plains, Southeast, Rocky Mountains, and Southwest regions diverge from overall U.S. housing prices, while housing prices in New England, Mideast, and Far West tend to converge.
Additional file 2: of Avoidable waste of research related to outcome planning and reporting in clinical trials
Creators: name: Yordanov, Youri
name: Dechartres, Agnes
name: Atal, Ignacio
name: Tran, Viet-Thi
name: Boutron, Isabelle
name: Crequit, Perrine
name: Ravaud, Philippe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Qualifications and areas of expertise of the experts involved in the final step of the study. (DOCX 15 kb)
Listronotus lutulentus
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Listronotus
Listronotus lutulentus

description: Listronotus lutulentus (Boheman, 1843)
 Erirhinus lutulentus Boheman, 1843: 165 (type locality: USA: Pennsylvania; type material: H: NHRS).
 Anchodemus angustus LeConte, 1876: 181 (type locality: USA: Michigan, Illinois, and New York; type material: S: MCZ); O’Brien and Wibmer, 1982: 71 (= L. lutulentus).
 Lixellus lutulentus; O’Brien and Wibmer, 1982: 71.
 Listronotus lutulentus; Morrone et al., 1995: 111.
 Distribution. Widespread in North America: Mexico and USA (O’Brien and Wibmer, 1982; Anderson, 1992).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257
Analysis of ordinary and radiative muon capture in liquid hydrogen
Creators: name: Ando, Shung-ichi
name: Myhrer, Fred
name: Kubodera, Kuniharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simultaneous analysis is made of the measured rates of ordinary muon capture (OMC) and radiative muon capture (RMC) in liquid hydrogen, using theoretical estimates for the relevant atomic capture rates that have been obtained in chiral perturbation theory with the use of the most recent values of the coupling constants. We reexamine the basic formulas for relating the atomic OMC and RMC rates to the liquid-hydrogen OMC and RMC rates, respectively. Although the analysis is significantly influenced by ambiguity in the molecular state population, we can demonstrate that, while the OMC data can be reproduced, the RMC data can be explained only with unrealistic values of the coupling constants; the degree of difficulty becomes even more severe when we try to explain the OMC and RMC data simultaneously.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Listronotus maculatus
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Listronotus
Listronotus maculatus

description: Listronotus maculatus (Hatch, 1971)
 Hyperodes maculatus Hatch, 1971: 294 (type locality: USA: Oregon; type material: H: USNM).
 Listronotus maculatus; O’Brien and Wibmer, 1982: 69.
 Distribution. USA (O’Brien and Wibmer, 1982).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257
Evidence for the two fluid scenario in solar prominences
Creators: name: Wiehr, Eberhard
name: Stellmacher, Götz
name: Bianda, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents observational evidence of the different dynamical behavior of neutral and ionized species in solar prominences. The analysis of a time-series of Sr II 4078 A and Na D spectra in a quiescent prominence yields systematically larger Doppler shifts (line-of-sight velocities) for the ions V_LOS(Sr II)= 1.22 x V_LOS (Na D). Both lines show a 30 min oscillation of good coherence. Sixteen hours later the same prominence underwent marked morphological changes (with a rising dome), and the Sr II velocity excess drops to V_LOS(Sr II)=1.11 x V_LOS(Na D). The same excess is found for the line pair Fe II 5018 A and He I 5015 A. The widths of the ionic lines, mainly non-thermally broadened, are not related to the macro velocities. The emission ratio of Na D and Sr II, a measure of the electron density, yields n_e = 4 x 10^10 1/cm, shows no relation with the V_LOS variation or with height above the limb, and seems to be reduced 16 hr later during the active phase. We apply a new wavelength reference from aureola spectra, which is independent of photospheric velocity fields.
Penrose Limits of the Baryonic D5-brane
Creators: name: Mateos, David
name: Ng, Selena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Penrose limits of a D5-brane wrapped on the sphere of AdS_5 x S^5 and connected to the boundary by M fundamental strings, which is dual to the baryon vertex of the N=4 SU(M) super Yang-Mills theory, are investigated. It is shown that, for null geodesics that lead to the maximally supersymmetric Hpp-wave background, the resulting D5-brane is a 1/2-supersymmetric null brane. For an appropriate choice of radial geodesic, however, the limiting configuration is 1/4-supersymmetric and closely related to the Penrose limit of a flat space BIon.
description: LaTeX, 1+18 pages, 1 figure; v2: obvious misquotation of the number of preserved supersymmetries corrected
Genome-wide association analysis of type 2 diabetes in the EPIC-InterAct study
Creators: name: Cai, Lina
name: Wheeler, Eleanor
name: Kerrison, Nicola D.
name: Luan, Jian’an
name: Deloukas, Panos
name: Franks, Paul W.
name: Amiano, Pilar
name: Ardanaz, Eva
name: Bonet, Catalina
name: Fagherazzi, Guy
name: Groop, Leif C.
name: Kaaks, Rudolf
name: Huerta, José María
name: Masala, Giovanna
name: Nilsson, Peter M.
name: Overvad, Kim
name: Pala, Valeria
name: Panico, Salvatore
name: Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel
name: Rolandsson, Olov
name: Sacerdote, Carlotta
name: Schulze, Matthias B.
name: Spijkerman, Annemieke M. W.
name: Tjonneland, Anne
name: Tumino, Rosario
name: Van Der Schouw, Yvonne T.
name: Sharp, Stephen J.
name: Forouhi, Nita G.
name: Riboli, Elio
name: McCarthy, Mark I.
name: Barroso, Inês
name: Langenberg, Claudia
name: Wareham, Nicholas J.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Data Descriptor
/692/308/174
/692/308/2056
/692/699/2743/137/773
data-descriptor

description: Funder: European Union FP6 programme grant number LSHM_CT_2006_037197
description: Abstract: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global public health challenge. Whilst the advent of genome-wide association studies has identified >400 genetic variants associated with T2D, our understanding of its biological mechanisms and translational insights is still limited. The EPIC-InterAct project, centred in 8 countries in the European Prospective Investigations into Cancer and Nutrition study, is one of the largest prospective studies of T2D. Established as a nested case-cohort study to investigate the interplay between genetic and lifestyle behavioural factors on the risk of T2D, a total of 12,403 individuals were identified as incident T2D cases, and a representative sub-cohort of 16,154 individuals was selected from a larger cohort of 340,234 participants with a follow-up time of 3.99 million person-years. We describe the results from a genome-wide association analysis between more than 8.9 million SNPs and T2D risk among 22,326 individuals (9,978 cases and 12,348 non-cases) from the EPIC-InterAct study. The summary statistics to be shared provide a valuable resource to facilitate further investigations into the genetics of T2D.
Additional file 5 of Optical tissue measurements of invasive carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ for surgical guidance
Creators: name: De Boer, Lisanne L.
name: Kho, Esther
name: Van De Vijver, Koen K.
name: Marie-Jeanne T. F. D. Vranken Peeters
name: Van Duijnhoven, Frederieke
name: Hendriks, Benno H. W.
name: Sterenborg, Henricus J. C. M.
name: Ruers, Theo J. M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 5. Method of extracting spectral features based on local minima and local maxima in the mean spectra of Fat, Connective, IC, and DCIS. The figure explains the method for extracting spectral features that are related to the local minima and local maxima in the mean spectra of ‘Fat’, ‘Connective’, ‘IC’, and ‘DCIS’.
Value of Internet Connectivity Uptime for Multiple Vehicles using Automated Section Control
Creators: name: Bennett, Jeff
name: Griffin, Terry
name: Sharda, Ajay
name: Bennett, Jeff
name: Griffin, Terry
name: Sharda, Ajay
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: precision agriculture
subject: automated swatch control
subject: automated guidance
subject: broadband
subject: connectivity
subject: wireless
subject: data transfer

description: Larger acreage farms and even moderate sized farms employing custom applicators and harvesters often have multiple machinery in the same field at the same time conducting the same field operation. For nearly all these multiple-vehicle operations, over application is a concern especially for irregularly shaped fields however modern technology including automated guidance and automatic section control allow reduced doubling of input application including seeds and spray. However, this technology relies upon coverage maps to be continually updated and shared between the machinery; and utilizing cellular connectivity in rural areas known to have reduced service levels. We evaluate the benefit of using multiple planters and sprayers in the same field at the same time, and estimate the cost of experiencing cellular connectivity outages over a range of expected uptimes. We report on the willingness-to-pay for guaranteed connectivity uptime by farmers.
THE DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY AND NATURAL GAS IN THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES
Creators: name: Gautam, Tej
name: Paudel, Krishna
name: Gautam, Tej
name: Paudel, Krishna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Electricity
subject: Natural gas
subject: Residential
subject: Commercial
subject: Industrial
subject: PMG
subject: Panel data
subject: cointegration.

description: This paper examines the demand for natural gas and electricity in residential, commercial and industrial sectors of the Northeastern United States comprising seven states using annual state-level panel data over the period between 1997and 2011. It applies panel unit root and cointegration tests and then estimates the parameters using four alternative estimators: dynamic fixed effect (DFE), mean group (MG), pooled mean group (PMG) and Common correlated effect mean group (CCEMG). PMG showed better performance compared to estimators obtained from other three models. The panel unit root and cointegration tests show that the series are I (1) and variables are cointegrated. The estimated results show that long-run price elasticity for natural gas in residential, commercial and industrial sectors are -0.05, -0.96 and -0.20; and for electricity they are -0.11, 0.10 and -2.07 respectively. The corresponding long-run income elasticities are 3.05, 0.86, & 0.07 for natural gas and 0.93, 0.53 and 0.18 for electricity, respectively. The cooling degree days (CDD) and heating degree days (HDD) have positive effects on demand for electricity and natural gas in all but not for electricity in industrial sector.
description: Paper removed at author's request.
Image amplification in a self-imaging degenerate optical cavity
Creators: name: Ryou, Albert
name: Colburn, Shane
name: Majumdar, Arka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Image-amplifying optical cavities offer an intriguing platform for nonlinear optical processing of two-dimensional signals, with potential applications in optical information processing and optically implemented artificial neural networks. Here, we analyze the performance of a self-imaging degenerate cavity via numerical simulations and show the existence of a cavity size-dependent minimum spread in the transverse mode resonances. This non-degeneracy, in turn, leads to an inherent trade-off between the amplification and the fidelity of the intracavity image as the cavity finesse changes. Our results point to a promising path to nonlinear image processing in a low-power, small-form-factor optical cavity.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Applying Data Envelopment Analysis Methodology to Site-specific Precision Agriculture Data
Creators: name: Maurer, Jacob
name: Griffin, Terry
name: Sharda, Ajay
name: Maurer, Jacob
name: Griffin, Terry
name: Sharda, Ajay
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: data envelopment analysis
subject: technical efficiency
subject: precision agriculture
subject: variable rate

description: Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been applied to agricultural decision making units (DMU) such as individual farmers, groups of farmers, or other firms. Rather than firms as the DMU, each sub-field region within a farmer’s field can be evaluated as the DMU such that the efficiency of different management practices are evaluated. A hypothetical grid superimposed upon a field creates the DMU’s so that scale efficiency can be visually assessed in a map. Input variables include as-applied maps of inputs, geospatial data on soil characteristics, and remotely sensed imagery. Output variables are based upon yield monitor sensors from harvest equipment from one or more years and therefore one or more crops grown in rotation. Both bio-physical agronomic relationships and economic characteristics are evaluated. Based on our novel technique for evaluating geo-referenced technical efficiency scores, tests for global and local spatial autocorrelation indicate presence of spatial effects; thereby providing insights into natural versus man-made variability.
Microcredit Programs, Poverty and Vulnerability in Rural Iran
Creators: name: Tayebi, Zahra
name: Onel, Gulcan
name: Tayebi, Zahra
name: Onel, Gulcan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Development
subject: Microcredit Programs
subject: Poverty
subject: Vulnerability
subject: Iran

description: The main purpose of this paper is to study if two major microcredit programs, namely Women Microcredit Funds (WMF) and Self-Help Groups (SHG), in Southern Iran reach rural poor and vulnerable households. We use primary panel data that consist of monthly consumption and income information for 280 households. The results showed that although both programs are successful at reaching poor, evidence on propensity of vulnerable households joining programs is relatively limited. Furthermore, results indicate that vulnerable households are more likely to join SHG, while poor households mostly choose to join WMF program.
Listronotus manifestus Henderson 1940
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Listronotus
Listronotus manifestus

description: Listronotus manifestus Henderson, 1940
 Listronotus manifestus Henderson, 1940: 269 (type locality: USA: Texas, Gregory; type material: H: USNM and P: 7 MCZ, SEMC, and USNM).
 Host plants. Sagittaria longiloba Engelm. ex J. G. Sm. (Alismataceae) (O’Brien, 1977).
 Distribution. Northern Mexico, and the Gulf Coast and plains of Texas in the USA (O’Brien, 1977, 1981; O’Brien and Wibmer, 1982).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257
Who Benefits from Tariff Reduction by KOR-US FTA? – In the Case of Korean Orange Market
Creators: name: Choi, Yongho
name: Yun, YeongSeok
name: Lee, Sang Hyeon
name: Choi, Yongho
name: Yun, YeongSeok
name: Lee, Sang Hyeon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: imperfect competition
subject: tariff reduction
subject: exporting price
subject: FTA
subject: consumer welfare

description: This paper analyzes how tariff reductions on fresh oranges by KOR-US FTA has changed each economic player's welfare. By reviews on the characteristics of Korea's orange-import-market, we first detect that a small number of US exporters have relatively much stronger market power than Korean importers, implying imperfect competition. Second, we theoretically explain and empirically examine that exporters may adjust exporting prices based on the size of tariff reduction. Finally, we hire Equilibrium Displacement Model to estimate each economic player's welfare and discuss the implications on the changes in the welfare under imperfect competition, compared to perfect competition. This paper provides the evidence that the tariff reduction affects the price decision of the U.S. orange exporters. The main results furthermore suggest that under imperfect competition, import price in Korean market is higher and consumer welfare is lower than under perfect competition.
Nonaxisymmetric Evolution of Magnetically Subcritical Clouds: Bar Growth, Core Elongation, and Binary Formation
Creators: name: Nakamura, Fumitaka
name: Li, Zhi-Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have begun a systematic numerical study of the nonlinear growth of nonaxisymmetric perturbations during the ambipolar diffusion-driven evolution of initially magnetically subcritical molecular clouds, with an eye on the formation of binaries, multiple stellar systems and small clusters. In this initial study, we focus on the $m=2$ (or bar) mode, which is shown to be unstable during the dynamic collapse phase of cloud evolution after the central region has become magnetically supercritical. We find that, despite the presence of a strong magnetic field, the bar can grow fast enough that for a modest initial perturbation (at 5% level) a large aspect ratio is obtained during the isothermal phase of cloud collapse. The highly elongated bar is expected to fragment into small pieces during the subsequent adiabatic phase. Our calculations suggest that the strong magnetic fields observed in some star-forming clouds and envisioned in the standard picture of single star formation do not necessarily suppress bar growth and fragmentation; on the contrary, they may actually promote these processes, by allowing the clouds to have more than one (thermal) Jeans mass to begin with without collapsing promptly. Nonlinear growth of the bar mode in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field, coupled with flattening along field lines, leads to the formation of supercritical cores that are triaxial in general. It removes a longstanding objection to the standard scenario of isolated star formation involving subcritical magnetic field and ambipolar diffusion based on the likely prolate shape inferred for dense cores. Continuted growth of the bar mode in already elongated starless cores, such as L1544, may lead to future binary and multiple star formation.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted by ApJL
Heterodyne detection of radio-frequency electric fields using point defects in silicon carbide
Creators: name: Wolfowicz, Gary
name: Anderson, Christopher P.
name: Whiteley, Samuel J.
name: Awschalom, David D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sensing electric fields with high sensitivity, high spatial resolution and at radio frequencies can be challenging to realize. Recently, point defects in silicon carbide have shown their ability to measure local electric fields by optical charge conversion of their charge state. Here we report the combination of heterodyne detection with charge-based electric field sensing, solving many of the previous limitations of this technique. Owing to the non-linear response of the charge conversion to electric fields, the application of a separate "pump" electric field results in a detection sensitivity as low as 1.1 (V/cm)/$\sqrt{Hz}$, with near-diffraction limited spatial resolution and tunable control of the sensor dynamic range. In addition, we show both incoherent and coherent heterodyne detection, allowing measurements of either unknown random fields or synchronized fields with higher sensitivities. Finally, we demonstrate in-plane vector measurements of the electric field by combining orthogonal pump electric fields. Overall, this work establishes charge-based measurements as highly relevant for solid-state defect sensing.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 6 of Optical tissue measurements of invasive carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ for surgical guidance
Creators: name: De Boer, Lisanne L.
name: Kho, Esther
name: Van De Vijver, Koen K.
name: Marie-Jeanne T. F. D. Vranken Peeters
name: Van Duijnhoven, Frederieke
name: Hendriks, Benno H. W.
name: Sterenborg, Henricus J. C. M.
name: Ruers, Theo J. M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 6. List of spectral features derived from the local minima and maxima of Fat, Connective, IC, and DCIS. This table contains a complete list of the local minima and local maxima that were used for extracting spectral features. The table also shows from which mean spectra of a tissue type the local minima and local maxima originated.
Liquid water contains the building blocks of diverse ice phases
Creators: name: Monserrat, Bartomeu
name: Brandenburg, Jan Gerit
name: Engel, Edgar A.
name: Cheng, Bingqing
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/639/638/440
/639/638/563/606
/639/638/563/981
/639/301/119
/141
/119/118
article

description: Abstract: Water molecules can arrange into a liquid with complex hydrogen-bond networks and at least 17 experimentally confirmed ice phases with enormous structural diversity. It remains a puzzle how or whether this multitude of arrangements in different phases of water are related. Here we investigate the structural similarities between liquid water and a comprehensive set of 54 ice phases in simulations, by directly comparing their local environments using general atomic descriptors, and also by demonstrating that a machine-learning potential trained on liquid water alone can predict the densities, lattice energies, and vibrational properties of the ices. The finding that the local environments characterising the different ice phases are found in water sheds light on the phase behavior of water, and rationalizes the transferability of water models between different phases.
Farmers’ willingness-to-pay for farmland based on machinery efficiency and precision technology adoption
Creators: name: Griffin, Terry
name: Shockley, Jordan
name: Griffin, Terry
name: Shockley, Jordan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: precision agriculture
subject: automated guidance
subject: automatic section control
subject: machinery
subject: field efficiency
subject: farmland values

description: With farmland prices near record highs and machinery management becoming critical to whole farm profitability, understanding the interactions between the two becomes important. Machinery costs are one of the largest factors influencing the variation in net farm income among farmers. For a given machinery complement, the field efficiency is a leading factor in the value of the machinery to the farm. Field efficiency will vary based on field geometry such as shape and size. Farmers with a large proportion of small irregularly shaped fields would have lower realized field efficiencies compared to farmers with more acres in rectangular shaped fields. The ability to capture maximum machinery efficiency, hence lower machinery costs, should impact the willingness to pay for farmland. We evaluate the relationship between field shape and size and the associated willingness-to-pay for that land given a representative equipment set. Building upon the baseline scenarios for a range of field characteristics, we evaluate the relative benefit of adding precision technologies such as automated guidance and automatic section control that potentially increase field efficiency. Along with input savings, we evaluate how much farmers would be willing-to-pay for farmland given an increase in machinery efficiency in the field due to these technologies.
Impact of Aid for Trade to Agricultural Development and Trade
Creators: name: Ahn, Soojung
name: Lee, Sang Hyeon
name: Ahn, Soojung
name: Lee, Sang Hyeon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Aid for Trade in Agriculture
subject: Agricultural Development
subject: Food Trade
subject: Global Value Chain

description: Aid for Trade (AfT) has emerged as a significant mechanism for development of developing countries by helping them to participate in the global value chain. Grants on agricultural part in AfT has been gradually increased since 2002 and invested in various ways from agrarian reform, agricultural education and training to plant and post-harvest protection and pest control. In spite of the increase, there were only few researches on significance between AfT and agricultural development. This research aims to evaluate whether AfT has significant relation with agricultural development and trade. It also examines whether there is heterogeneity in the response to AfT across recipient countries with different national characteristics. We conducted a subgroup analysis using a panel tobit model. Also, UN COMTRADE(PC-TAS) for the export data, the World Bank data for agricultural GDP, OECD QWIDS for AfT data from 2002 to 2013 were used. Our results show that AfT in agriculture has increased both agricultural GDP and exports of the recipient countries. This study also found the most effective form of AfT in agriculture which differs from country to country depending on the characteristics of each country.
Molecular mechanisms governing offspring metabolic programming in rodent models of in utero stress
Creators: name: Christoforou, Efthimia R.
name: Sferruzzi-Perri, Amanda N.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Review
Development
Programming
Metabolism
DOHAD
Fetal
Animal models

description: Abstract: The results of different human epidemiological datasets provided the impetus to introduce the now commonly accepted theory coined as ‘developmental programming’, whereby the presence of a stressor during gestation predisposes the growing fetus to develop diseases, such as metabolic dysfunction in later postnatal life. However, in a clinical setting, human lifespan and inaccessibility to tissue for analysis are major limitations to study the molecular mechanisms governing developmental programming. Subsequently, studies using animal models have proved indispensable to the identification of key molecular pathways and epigenetic mechanisms that are dysregulated in metabolic organs of the fetus and adult programmed due to an adverse gestational environment. Rodents such as mice and rats are the most used experimental animals in the study of developmental programming. This review summarises the molecular pathways and epigenetic mechanisms influencing alterations in metabolic tissues of rodent offspring exposed to in utero stress and subsequently programmed for metabolic dysfunction. By comparing molecular mechanisms in a variety of rodent models of in utero stress, we hope to summarise common themes and pathways governing later metabolic dysfunction in the offspring whilst identifying reasons for incongruencies between models so to inform future work. With the continued use and refinement of such models of developmental programming, the scientific community may gain the knowledge required for the targeted treatment of metabolic diseases that have intrauterine origins.
Listronotus marginalis O'Brien 1977
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Listronotus
Listronotus marginalis

description: Listronotus marginalis O’Brien, 1977
 Listronotus marginalis O’Brien, 1977: 810 (type locality: Nicaragua: Matagalpa Department, 3 mi. W Sebaco, 1500 feet; type material: H: CWOB and P: 1 BMNH and 1 CWOB).
 Distribution. Mexico and Nicaragua (O’Brien, 1977, 1981; O’Brien and Wibmer, 1982).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257
The response of the Fe Kαline to changes in the X-ray illumination of accretion discs
Creators: name: Ballantyne, D. R.
name: Ross, R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray reflection spectra from photoionized accretion discs in active galaxies are presented for a wide range of illumination conditions. The energy, equivalent width (EW) and flux of the Fe K line are shown to depend strongly on the ratio of illuminating flux to disc flux, Fx/Fdisc, the photon index of the irradiating power-law, Γ, and the incidence angle of the radiation, i. When Fx/Fdisc \leq 2 a neutral Fe K line is prominent for all but the largest values of Γ. At higher illuminating fluxes a He-like Fe K line at 6.7 keV dominates the line complex. With a high-energy cutoff of 100 keV, the thermal ionization instability seems to suppress the ionized Fe K line when Γ\leq 1.6. The Fe K line flux correlates with Fx/Fdisc, but the dependence weakens as iron becomes fully ionized. The EW is roughly constant when Fx/Fdisc is low and a neutral line dominates, but then declines as the line progresses through higher ionization stages. There is a strong positive correlation between the Fe K EW and Γwhen the line energy is at 6.7 keV, and a slight negative one when it is at 6.4 keV. This is a potential observational diagnostic of the ionization state of the disc. Observations of the broad Fe K line which take into account any narrow component would be able to test these predictions. Ionized Fe K lines at 6.7 keV are predicted to be common in a simple magnetic flare geometry. A model which includes multiple ionization gradients on the disc is postulated to reconcile the results with observations.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures. Fig. 10 on page 9 in colour. Accepted by MNRAS
Geometric and chemical non-uniformity may induce the stability of more than one wetting state in the same hydrophobic surface
Creators: name: Lazzari, Davi
name: Brito, Carolina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is established that roughness and chemistry play a crucial role in the wetting properties of a substrate. Yet, few studies have analyzed systematically the effect of the non-uniformity in the distribution of texture and surface tension of substrates on its wetting properties. In this work we investigate this issue theoretically and numerically. We propose a continuous model that takes into account the total energy required to create interfaces of a droplet in two possible wetting states: Cassie-Baxter(CB) with air pockets trapped underneath the droplet; and the other characterized by the homogeneous wetting of the surface, the Wenzel(W) state. To introduce geometrical non-regularity we suppose that pillar heights and pillar distances are Gaussian distributed instead of having a constant value. Similarly, we suppose a heterogeneous distribution of Young's angle on the surface to take into account the chemical non-uniformity. This allows to vary the "amount" of disorder by changing the variance of the distribution. We first solve this model analytically and then we also propose a numerical version of it, which can be applied to study any type of disorder. In both versions, we employ the same physical idea: the energies of both states are minimized to predict the thermodynamic wetting state of the droplet for a given volume and surface texture. We find that the main effect of disorder is to induce the stability of both wetting states on the same substrate. In terms of the influence of the disorder on the contact angle of the droplet, we find that it is negligible for the chemical disorder and for pillar-distance disorder. However, in the case of pillar-height disorder, it is observed that the average contact angle of the droplet increases with the amount of disorder. We end the paper investigating how the region of stability of both wetting states behaves when the droplet volume changes.
Listronotus marginicollis
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Listronotus
Listronotus marginicollis

description: Listronotus marginicollis (Hustache, 1926)
 Hyperodes marginicollis Hustache, 1926: 209 (type locality: Argentina: Buenos Aires; type material: H: MNHN). Listronotus marginicollis; O’Brien, 1979: 267.
 Host plants. Myriophyllum aquaticum (Velloso) Verde (Haloragaceae) (Cordo and DeLoach, 1982).
 Distribution. Argentina and Uruguay (Wibmer and O'Brien, 1986).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257
Accuracy and Computational Efficiency of Various Methods for Atmospheric Turbulence Structure Function Computation
Creators: name: Malone, Deborah
name: Devaney, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Proceedings of AO4ELT7 conference 2023 - Editors: Thierry Fusco and Benoit Neichel
Year: 2023
Subjects: ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS
STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS
TURBULENCE CHARACTERIZATION

description: Structure functions are used to characterise spatial variations in turbulent quantities such as air temperature, density, refractive index and wavefront phase. They are often used to verify numerically generated phase screens for use in numerical simulations or with, for example, spatial light modulators. The usual method of calculating the structure function of such a screen in principle requires the comparison of each pixel with every other pixel, a computationally complex and time-consuming process. This paper will compare alternative methods for calculating the structure function of numerically generated atmospheric turbulence. Specifically, it evaluates the efficiency and accuracy of the methods and highlights the strengths and limitations of each. The study aims to help researchers select the appropriate method for their specific needs, choosing between faster computation, or higher accuracy.