cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The effect of direction of background noise, background noise type, and signal type on the acceptable noise level in individuals with normal hearing
Creators: name: Moore, Colleen Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011

description: Acceptable Noise Levels (ANLs) were examined for 19 participants with normal hearing using three types of stimuli (speech, music, phone ring) presented in the sound field at 0? and two types of noise (babble, white noise) presented in the sound field via three different direction conditions: 0? only, 180? only, and surround (0?, 90?, 180?, 270?). Results showed no significant differences in ANLs across noise type or stimulus type, but a significant difference for surround sound loudspeaker array compared with speakers from one direction, with a larger ANL associated with multiple loud speakers. The main conclusion was that an individual?s tolerance for background noise is not affected by signal type or type of background noise but is affected by the direction of the noise source.
description: (Au. D.) -- Towson University, 2011.
title: Rezension: Fandrych, Christian & Thurmair, Maria (2011), Textsorten im Deutschen. Linguistische Analysen aus sprachdidaktischer Sicht.
Creators: name: Kassem, Amani
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Seit langem wird in der Textsortenlinguistik der Versuch unternommen, Textsorten theoretisch-deduktiv nach uni- versell anwendbaren Kategorien in ein übergreifendes Klassifikationsmodell einzuordnen (vgl. Fandrych & Thurmair: 13). Die Autoren des Buches Textsorten im Deutschen schlagen allerdings einen anderen Weg ein. Für den Zweck ihrer Untersuchung ziehen sie empirisch-induktive Methoden vor und definieren Textsorten als „Bündel verschiedener Merkmale, als spezifische Kombination unterschiedlichster Eigenschaften“ (14). Basierend auf dieser Definition werden aus der Analyse konkreter Textsorten relevante Beschreibungskriterien abgeleitet, die kombinato- risch in einer Textsortenanalyse berücksichtigt werden müssen.
The relationship between acute stress, chronic stress, and spatial performance
Creators: name: Mitchell, Margo Page
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011

description: Many theories differentiate the cognitive impacts of acute versus chronic stress. For example,  acute stress has been suggested to alter visual attention (Williams & Anderson, 1997), and  chronic stress has been implicated in hippocampal atrophy by means of hypercortsolism  (Sapolsky, 1999). This study related the stress indicators blood pressure, heart rate, and selfreport  questionnaires, with performance in a spatial navigation task, the virtual Morris Water  Maze. Fifty-four university students participated. Significant positive relationships found  between the questionnaires and two of the physiological measurements lend physiologic support  to the questionnaires. Some support was found for the relatedness of acute and chronic stress  measurements (hypothesis one). This study shows that a coalescence of chronic and acute stress  indicators relates more closely with performance than either chronic or acute stress exclusively  (hypothesis two). This uniquely suggests that acute and chronic stress are both instrumental to  the stress-performance relationship. A quadratic relationship found between the main  performance variable, mean time latency, and a combination of chronic and acute stress variables  indicates the lowest stress levels corresponded with the lowest performance, and highest stress  levels with both the poorest and best performance (F (2, 46) = 3.57, p
description: (M.A.) -- Towson University, 2011.
Reducing misinformation effects while maintaining accurate recall in eyewitness memory
Creators: name: Matsiyevskaya, Irina
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011

description: A witness to a crime may mistakenly recall the events and relay those misrepresentations to their co-witnesses. This becomes problematic when witnesses provide testimonies to police officers; witnesses are likely to include the misinformation obtained during the discussion in their report. Previous studies attempted to reduce the misinformation effect using warnings, however, this methodology also reduced the amount of accurate information recalled, causing a tainted truth effect. In this study, participants witnessed a simulated crime, received post-event information (PEI) in the form of a narrative, then the warning, followed by a memory test. Optimum testimony was achieved by providing non-discrediting warnings about possible inaccuracies in the co-witness?s report. The warning reduced the misinformation effect observed in participants who received misleading information. Participants who received all accurate PEI had similar accuracy rates in the warning and no warning conditions, displaying a reduced tainted truth effect.
description: (M.A.) -- Towson University, 2011.
Optical properties of UO2 and PuO2
Creators: name: Shi, Hongliang
name: Chu, Mingfu
name: Zhang, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform first-principles calculations of electronic structure and optical properties for UO2 and PuO2 based on the density functional theory using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA)+\emph{U} scheme. The main features in orbital-resolved partial density of states for occupied \emph{f} and \emph{p} orbitals, unoccupied \emph{d} orbitals, and related gaps are well reproduced compared to experimental observations. Based on the satisfactory ground-state electronic structure calculations, the dynamical dielectric function and related optical spectra, i.e., the reflectivity, adsorption coefficient, energy-loss, and refractive index spectrum, are obtained. These results are consistent well with the attainable experiments.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Koszul cohomology and applications to moduli
Creators: name: Aprodu, Marian
name: Farkas, Gavril
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss recent progress on syzygies of curves, including proofs of Green's and Gonality Conjectures as well as applications of Koszul cycles to the study of the birational geometry of various moduli spaces of curves. We prove a number of new results, including a complete solution to Green's Conjecture for arbitrary hexagonal curves. Finally, we propose several new conjectures on syzygies, including a Prym-Green conjecture for l-roots of trivial bundles as well as a strong Maximal Rank Conjecture for generic curves. To appear in the Proceedings of Clay Mathematical Institute.
description: 26 pages
CDH Project Charter — Princeton Prosody Archive 2017-18
Creators: name: Martin, Meredith
name: Wilson, Meagan
name: Koeser, Rebecca Sutton
name: Munson, Rebecca
name: Li, Xinyi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: project charter

description: Project charter for CDH sponsored project Princeton Prosody Archive 2017-18. The charter is the foundational document that describes the rationale, goals, plan of work, resources needed, terms and conditions, and outcomes of a Center for Digital Humanities at Princeton (hereafter CDH) project. Charters are written by core members of a project team in a series of planning meetings taking place over the course of a month. The planning process is intensive, collaborative and requires substantial input from everyone on a team. Charters serve as formalized agreements among all team members on such crucial questions as scope, technical design, infrastructural needs, and success criteria. A draft of each project charter is peer-reviewed by all CDH staff, and optionally by additional partners or stakeholders, at a “design review” before the start of project work. It is circulated at least one week before the review takes place in an open comment period. Questions and concerns from this period may be raised at the design review. Project teams have two weeks after the design review to address any issues raised and make any requested changes. Project work only begins (and funds are released) once the charter has been finalized and signed by the Project Director (PI) and the CDH Faculty Director. Charters are amended as necessary throughout the project lifecycle to document major changes and note when “Built by CDH” Software Warranty and “Built by CDH” Long Term Service Agreement take effect, and serve as part of the CDH project archive. CDH charters and their planning documents exist in several forms as we have refined them over the years and tailored them to the several types of projects we have supported. For more about CDH project management, including the charter process, visit: https://cdh.princeton.edu/research/project-management/ Cite this document: Martin, Meredith, Meagan Wilson, Rebecca Sutton Koeser, Rebecca Munson, and Xinyi Li. CDH Project Charter — Princeton Prosody Archive 2017-18. Center for Digital Humanities at Princeton. 2017. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3359172
title: Rezension: Bongartz, Christiane M. & Rymarczyk, Jutta (Hrsg.) (2010), Languages Across the Curriculum. Ein multiperpektivischer Zugang.
Creators: name: Gadow, Anne
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Nach 40 Jahren Erfahrung in Deutschland ist bilingualer Sachfachunterricht gegenwärtig aktuell und beliebt wie nie zuvor. Ursprünglich als Konsequenz aus dem Freundschaftsvertrag zwischen Frankreich und Deutschland entstan- den, hat sich der zielsprachliche Fokus seither stetig erweitert. Zum einen sind mehr Sprachen in das Programm aufgenommen worden, zum anderen soll bilingualer Sachfachunterricht auch zunehmend für den Spracherhalt von Kindern mit Migrationshintergrund genutzt werden (vgl. Rymarczyk & Bongartz: 8). Der Tagungsband Languages Across the Curriculum versucht, dieser Vielfalt in einer Sammlung von vielfältigen Beiträgen über die gegenwärtige Situation des mehrsprachigen Sachfachunterrichts, die im Jahr 2007 im Rahmen des 22. Kongresses für Fremdspra- chendidaktik der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Fremdsprachenforschung (DGFF) entstanden sind, gerecht zu werden. In lesenswerten Einzeldarstellungen beziehen sich die AutorInnen hierbei auf integriertes Sprach-Sach-Lernen in verschiedenen Schularten und Ausbildungsstufen, dokumentieren die Ausweitung des bilingualen Fächerkanons und formulieren Standards für bilinguales Lernen in der Lehrerbildung.
title: Landeskunde—eine transkulturelle, vergleichende Wissenschaft
Creators: name: Wormer, Jörg
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Die Wucht der Globalität macht es deutlich: in der Mitte der ersten Dekade des 21. Jahrhunderts verständigen sich Menschen immer häufiger mittels Mobiltelefon, E-Mail und Fax und überwinden dabei kleine bis weiteste räumliche Entfernungen innerhalb kürzester Zeit. Der zeitgenössische Fremdsprachenunterricht nutzt diese neuen technischen Möglichkeiten, indem er die traditionelle unterrichtliche Lernraumsituation zwischen Lernenden und Lehrenden um Komponenten elektronischen Lernens ergänzt bis hin zum vollständigen Fernlernen, bei dem die Lernenden während des gesamten Kurses Tausende von Kilometern vom Lehrpersonal entfernt sind, aber trotzdem rund um die Uhr mit ihm in Kontakt treten können. Spätestens im globalen Miteinander wird klar, daß das Lernen fremder Sprachen mehr beinhaltet als Sprache, Literatur und Landeskunde der jeweiligen Zielsprache. Das Erlernen einer Zielsprache, z.B. des Deutschen, kann die raum-zeitliche Kontextfrage nicht außer acht lassen. Für das Deutsche heißt das: die Lehr-/Lernperspektive zeichnet die Wirklichkeit der Regionen, in denen Deutsch gesprochen wird, als Teil von Europa und Europa in seiner weltweiten Verflochtenheit. Zeitgemäßer Unterricht des Deutschen nimmt eine europäische, letztlich kosmopolitische und damit eine transnational-transkulturelle Perspektive ein.
Catastrophic photometric redshift errors: weak lensing survey requirements
Creators: name: Bernstein, Gary
name: Huterer, Dragan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the sensitivity of weak lensing surveys to the effects of catastrophic redshift errors - cases where the true redshift is misestimated by a significant amount. To compute the biases in cosmological parameters, we adopt an efficient linearized analysis where the redshift errors are directly related to shifts in the weak lensing convergence power spectra. We estimate the number Nspec of unbiased spectroscopic redshifts needed to determine the catastrophic error rate well enough that biases in cosmological parameters are below statistical errors of weak lensing tomography. While the straightforward estimate of Nspec is ~10^6 we find that using only the photometric redshifts with z<=2.5 leads to a drastic reduction in Nspec to ~30,000 while negligibly increasing statistical errors in dark energy parameters. Therefore, the size of spectroscopic survey needed to control catastrophic errors is similar to that previously deemed necessary to constrain the core of the z_s-z_p distribution. We also study the efficacy of the recent proposal to measure redshift errors by cross-correlation between the photo-z and spectroscopic samples. We find that this method requires ~10% a priori knowledge of the bias and stochasticity of the outlier population, and is also easily confounded by lensing magnification bias. The cross-correlation method is therefore unlikely to supplant the need for a complete spectroscopic redshift survey of the source population.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
title: Rezension: Schäfer, Susanne & Heinrich, Dietmar, Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten an deutschen Universitäten. Eine Arbeitshilfe für ausländische Studierende im geistes- und gesellschaftswissenschaftlichen Bereich. Mit Übungsaufgaben.
Creators: name: Mitschian, Haymo
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Die beiden Autoren möchten mit ihrem „Handbuch, das im Wesentlichen aus unseren eigenen Veranstaltungen zum wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten und Schreiben für ausländische Studierende heraus entstanden ist, [...] Studierenden, die sich im Rahmen eines Auslandssemesters oder eines Studiums an einer deutschen Universität aufhalten, eine Arbeitshilfe an die Hand geben“ (7). Sie beziehen sich dabei auf ihre Tätigkeit in der Deutschabteilung am Spra- chenzentrum der KU Eichstätt. Daraus erklärt sich, weshalb sie sich hauptsächlich auf sprachliche Problembereiche konzentrieren, während sie die Aspekte des im eigentlichen Sinn wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens an deutschen Univer- sitäten knapp behandeln. Von den 125 nummerierten Seiten des Büchleins werden zehn von Titelei, Inhaltsver- zeichnis, Bibliografie und Danksagung in Anspruch genommen, ca. 34 von Beispieltexten und Übungsaufgaben sowie elf von den Lösungen dazu. Es bleiben also nur mehr 70 Seiten übrig, auf denen „einige Überlegungen zum wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten im interkulturellen Vergleich“, „Grundlagen des wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens“ (8) und auf den abschließenden 29 Seiten auf „typische wissenschaftssprachliche Elemente und Strukturen“ (6, 81) des Deutschen eingegangen wird. Einen das Ganze abrundenden Schlussteil sucht man vergebens, denn mit Abschnitt „6.2.6 Passivkonstruktionen“ (107) enden die Ausführungen.
"Built by CDH" Long Term Software Agreement
Creators: name: Bauer, Jean
name: Koeser, Rebecca Sutton
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: support agreement

description: “Built by CDH” Software Warranty and “Built by CDH” Long Term Service Agreement document Center for Digital Humanities at Princeton (hereafter CDH) commitment to and responsibilities for maintaining and supporting applications developed by the CDH Development & Design Team. These documents also spell out corresponding Project Director (PI) responsibilities toward the same goal, as well as the conditions under which a project will no longer be maintained by CDH, including the possibility that a site may eventually be archived and turned off, should it become unmaintainable or a security risk. Maintenance plans are based on infrastructure provided by Princeton University Office of Information Technology (OIT), which provides Virtual Server hosting to faculty and departments with no cost or annual fee.
Heegaard splittings with large subsurface distances
Creators: name: Johnson, Jesse
name: Minsky, Yair
name: Moriah, Yoav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M

description: We show that sub-surfaces of a Heegaard surface for which the relative Hempel distance of the splitting is sufficiently high have to appear in any Heegaard surface of genus bounded by half that distance.
description: 23 pages and 5 figures
title: Rezension: Trim, John; North, Brian; Coste, Daniel (Hg.) (2001), Gemeinsamer europäischer Referenzrahmen für Sprachen: lernen, lehren, beurteilen
Creators: name: Altmayer, Claus
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Was der Gemeinsame Referenzrahmen ist und was er will, kann wohl heute in der Fachwelt als bekannt vorausgesetzt werden, weshalb eine ausführliche Vorstellung und Besprechung dieser Publikation hier auch unterbleiben kann. Als Kernstück und eigentliche Leistung des Referenzrahmens, so viel vielleicht nur noch einmal zur Erinnerung, gilt die einzelsprachenunabhängige Differenzierung von sechs Niveaustufen der sprachlichen Kompetenz und die genauere Ausgestaltung dieser Niveaustufen durch einzelne und zum Teil recht detaillierte Kann-Beschreibungen. Die in fremdsprachenunterrichtlichen Kontexten lange Zeit gültige und bis heute nahezu ungebrochene Orientierung an dem, was Lerner (noch) nicht können, hat hier also einer Orientierung am Positiven Platz gemacht. Die Kann-Beschreibungen geben an, was Fremdsprachenlerner in bestimmten Bereichen sprachlichen Handelns in der Sprache X tatsächlich können: Sie können sich beispielsweise „auf einfache Art verständigen“, „einfache Fragen stellen und beantworten“ (Stufe A 1, mündliche Interaktion), sie können „sehr selbstständig lesen, Lesestil und –tempo verschiedenen Texten und Zwecken anpassen“ (Stufe B 1, Leseverstehen), oder sie können „klare, flüssige, komplexe Texte in angemessenem und effektivem Stil schreiben“ (Stufe C 2, schriftliche Produktion). Wer sich die neueste Lehrwerkproduktion insbesondere im Bereich Deutsch als Fremdsprache oder die ersten Ergebnisse der durch PISA ausgelösten Diskussion über Bildungsstandards in Deutschland anschaut, der wird, bei aller Problematik und teilweise auch Unklarheit und Verschwommenheit mancher dieser Kann-Beschreibungen, doch nicht leugnen können, dass der Referenzrahmen offenbar einem verbreiteten Bedürfnis nach Konkretisierung und europaweiter Vereinheitlichung von Lehrzielbeschreibungen für den Fremdsprachenunterricht innerhalb und außerhalb der Schulen entgegen kommt. Er hat hier vor allem Diskussionen angestoßen, und darin wird man wohl nicht zuletzt sein wichtigstes Verdienst sehen.
Examining the relation between social skill acquisition and attachment status in children at-risk for the development of emotional and behavioral disorders
Creators: name: Teetsel, Rebekah
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011

description: Risk factors such as low academic performance, poor relationships with peers, parents, and teachers have been documented to negatively impact the mental health and development of children over time (Buchanan, Flouri & Brink, 2002). This study implemented a 4-week summer program intervention with 19 children who had a variety of risk factors in their lives. The aims of this study were to increase the participant?s frequency of pro-social behavior by teaching a manualized social skills curriculum; and to explore the role of caregiver attachment in relation to social skill acquisition. Information from multiple informants was used to assess children?s social and behavioral performance from the beginning to the end of the program. Results indicate that for this sample the intervention was effecting in increasing pro-social behavior for some of the participants and that the attachment status of children was not related to their ability to make pro-social gains.
description: (M.A.) -- Towson University, 2011.
Additional file 10 of Metagenomic insights into the microbial communities of inert and oligotrophic outdoor pier surfaces of a coastal city
Creators: name: Tong, Xinzhao
name: Leung, Marcus H. Y.
name: Shen, Zhiyong
name: Lee, Justin Y. Y.
name: Mason, Christopher E.
name: Lee, Patrick K. H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10: Figure S7. Genomic comparison between each MAG and its closest relative. Each point indicates the average nucleotide identity (ANI) value (x-axis) and the alignment fraction (y-axis) between an MAG and its closest relative according to the GTDB database. The MAGs without the closest genomic relative were excluded. The ANI threshold used for species delineation is 95% (blue dotted line). MAGs that were below the threshold could not be assigned to a known species.
Physical conditions in the ISM of intensely star-forming galaxies at redshift~2
Creators: name: Lehnert, M. D.
name: Nesvadba, N. P. H.
name: Tiran, L. Le
name: Di Matteo, P.
name: van Driel, W.
name: Douglas, L. S.
name: Chemin, L.
name: Bournaud, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the physical conditions in the interstellar gas of 11 actively star-forming galaxies at z~2, based on integral-field spectroscopy from the ESO-VLT and HST/NICMOS imaging. We concentrate on the high H-alpha surface brightnesses, large line widths, line ratios and the clumpy nature of these galaxies. We show that photoionization calculations and emission line diagnostics imply gas pressures and densities that are similar to the most intense nearby star-forming regions at z=0 but over much larger scales (10-20 kpc). A relationship between surface brightness and velocity dispersion can be explained through simple energy injection arguments and a scaling set by nearby galaxies with no free parameters. The high velocity dispersions are a natural consequence of intense star formation thus regions of high velocity dispersion are not evidence for mass concentrations such as bulges or rings. External mechanisms like cosmological gas accretion generally do not have enough energy to sustain the high velocity dispersions. In some cases, the high pressures and low gas metallicites may make it difficult to robustly distinguish between AGN ionization cones and star formation, as we show for BzK-15504 at z=2.38. We construct a picture where the early stages of galaxy evolution are driven by self-gravity which powers strong turbulence until the velocity dispersion is high. Then massive, dense, gas-rich clumps collapse, triggering star formation with high efficiencies and intensities as observed. At this stage, the intense star formation is likely self-regulated by the mechanical energy output of massive stars.
description: ApJ accepted main journal, 21 pages, 12 figures
Biosynthesis of the phenzaine pigment pyocyanine
Creators: name: Grant, Geoffrey Frank
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Metabolic changes which occur in cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa prior to, and during, pyocyanine production, as well as the biochemical precursors of the pigment, were investigated. Production of the pigment was found to occur at the end of the logarithmic growth phase and was paralleled by cell death and autolysis. The degradation products of L-tryptophan, namely 3-hydroxyanthranilate and anthranilate were shown to be precursors of the pyocyanine molecule. It is proposed that anthranilate is methylated, at the expense of L-methionine, and that 3-hydroxyanthranilate and N-methyl anthranilate condense to form the phenazine nucleus. The suggestion of this pathway was based on enhancement studies, use of methyl analogues and isomeric forms of L-tryptophan in inhibition studies, and the use of auxotrophic strains. A correlation between the levels of pyocyanine and oxidized nicotinamide nucleotides was also reported.
A new class of integrable defects
Creators: name: Corrigan, E.
name: Zambon, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An alternative Lagrangian definition of an integrable defect is provided and analyzed. The new approach is sufficiently broad to allow a description of defects within the Tzitzeica model, which was not possible in previous approaches, and may be generalizable. New, two-parameter, sine-Gordon defects are also described, which have characteristics resembling a pair of 'fused' defects of a previously considered type. The relationship between these defects and Backlund transformations is described and a Hamiltonian description of integrable defects is proposed.
description: 24 pages
title: Rezension: Stickel, Gerhard (Hrsg.) (2003), Deutsch von außen
Creators: name: Traoré, Salifou
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Der vorliegende Sammelband geht auf die gleichnamige Jahrestagung 2002 des Instituts für Deutsche Sprache zurück. Generell werden in den Beiträgen die Außenperspektiven des Deutschen unter verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten beleuchtet. Die Gliederung des Bandes orientiert sich an der traditionellen Form der IDS-Tagungen, die Plenarvorträge bevorzugen.
title: Rezension: Heimes, Alexander, Psycholinguistic Thought Meets Sociocultural Theory. Die integrative Zusammenhänge von Fachmethodik und Fremdsprachenlernen im bilingualen (Geschichts-) Unterricht.
Creators: name: Kaluza, Manfred
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Der ambitioniert formulierte Titel der Dissertationsschrift von Alexander Heimes weckt hohe Erwartungen, die, das sei hier vorweggenommen, in fast allen Punkten erfüllt werden. Es handelt sich um eine empirische Untersuchung, deren Zielsetzung und Methodologie Hinweise darauf geben, warum dieser Titel gewählt wurde. Die Untersuchung geht deduktiv vor und testet Hypothesen, deren wesentliche Begriffe fachlich-theoretisch kontextualisiert und expli- ziert werden. Den theoretischen Kontext liefern psycholinguistische und soziokulturelle Theoreme. In einem zwei- ten, etwa gleich langen Teil sollen diese Hypothesen mit Hilfe qualitativer Erhebungsmethoden getestet werden, weshalb „keine repräsentativen Beweise, sondern lediglich Indizien“ (95) gesammelt werden, und zwar „im Hin- blick auf eine Verifizierung, Modifizierung oder Falsifizierung“ (ebd.). Die Darstellung der Ergebnisse, bei qualita- tiven Untersuchungen immer schwieriger als die Erhebung, greift die fünf als „Annahmenkomplexe“ differenziert dargestellten Hypothesen am Beispiel von Einzelfallanalysen wieder auf. Am Ende werden in einem kürzeren drit- ten Teil Folgerungen und Konsequenzen der Untersuchungsergebnisse dargestellt.
Specification testing in nonlinear and nonstationary time series autoregression
Creators: name: Gao, Jiti
name: King, Maxwell
name: Lu, Zudi
name: Tjøstheim, Dag
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62M10, 62G07 (Primary) 60F05 (Secondary)

description: This paper considers a class of nonparametric autoregressive models with nonstationarity. We propose a nonparametric kernel test for the conditional mean and then establish an asymptotic distribution of the proposed test. Both the setting and the results differ from earlier work on nonparametric autoregression with stationarity. In addition, we develop a new bootstrap simulation scheme for the selection of a suitable bandwidth parameter involved in the kernel test as well as the choice of a simulated critical value. The finite-sample performance of the proposed test is assessed using one simulated example and one real data example.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOS698 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
VoIP on a bare PC
Creators: name: Khaksari, Gholam Hossien
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Internet telephony
subject: Speech processing systems

description: This dissertation proposes a novel VoIP softphone architecture for a bare Intel-386 (or above) based PC without an operating system. First, we provide an overview of bare PC computing and note the advantages of a bare PC softphone including its inherent simplicity and ability to provide secure, reliable and efficient voice communication. Next, we discuss the design of a bare PC softphone and describe its architecture and implementation. We then present performance measurements from LAN and Internet experiments, which consider delay, jitter, packet loss, and MOS. They indicate that a bare PC softphone has less jitter, less security overhead, and is able to sustain larger voice packet sizes and a heavier load than a WinRTP softphone while maintaining acceptable call quality with or without background traffic. A bare PC softphone also has acceptable call quality when running Voice over Ethernet (voice packets with Ethernet headers only) on a LAN.
description: Softphone design -- Architecture and implementation -- Performance
description: (D.Sc.) -- Towson University, 2007. Thesis approval page signed by thesis committee members and the Dean of the College of Graduate Studies and Research included in print copy of thesis.
title: Rezension: Aguado, Karin; Schramm, Karen & Vollmer, H. Johannes (Hrsg.) (2010), Fremd- sprachliches Handeln beobachten, messen und evaluieren. Neue methodische Ansätze der Kompetenzforschung und Videographie.
Creators: name: Vorndran, Björn
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Band 37 der Reihe „Kolloquium Fremdsprachenunterricht“ dokumentiert die Ergebnisse der zweiten Novembertagung (21. bis 22.11.2008) in Kassel, wo junge NachwuchswissenschaftlerInnen auf forschungserfahrene KollegInnen trafen, um sich über Herausforderungen und Aufgaben empirischer Forschung im Bereich Fremdsprachendidaktik auszutauschen. Die Gliederung der Ausgabe in die zwei Themenbereiche „Kompetenzforschung“ und „Videographie“ orientiert sich am Aufbau der Tagung, wobei in beiden Blöcken die forschungsmethodologische Reflexion im Mittelpunkt steht. So arbeiten die HerausgeberInnen in der Einleitung nicht nur konzeptionelle Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Forschungsinteressen und Fragestellungen beider Bereiche heraus, sondern betonen die Notwendigkeit der Verknüpfung von Kompetenzforschung und Videographie, um Zusammenhänge zwischen interaktionalem Unterrichtsgeschehen und kognitiven Erwerbsprozessen aufzuzeigen. Im Sinne der AutorInnen ergänzen sich die jeweiligen Forschungsansätze und eröffnen so Möglichkeiten, theoretische Modelle besser mit empirischen Daten und didaktischen Handlungsmodellen zu verknüpfen. Die Komplementarität beider Forschungsrichtungen bietet daher ein besonderes Potential, um Kompetenzdaten stärker im Kontext ihrer Entstehungsbedingungen zu reflektieren, und so bisherige Desiderate der Kompetenzforschung zu erschließen.
Audiologic phenotype in individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1
Creators: name: Corse, Laize Ferraz Dias Barcelos
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013

description: Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a common autosomal dominant multisystemic disorder. Auditory dysfunction is characteristic of Neurofibromatosis Type 2; however, some limited evidence suggested the auditory system may also be affected in NF1. One study reported patients with NF1 had elevated pure-tone thresholds and abnormal auditory brainstem response (ABRs); however, the audiologic phenotype has not been thoroughly characterized. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively describe the audiologic phenotype of NF1 and its impact on the auditory system. Forty individuals with NF1 were evaluated at the Audiology Unit of the Otolaryngology Branch, NIDCD/NIH. Results indicated hearing loss (> 15 dB HL) for the four frequency puretone average in 9(11.3%) ears, although hearing loss was present for at least one frequency in 29(36%) ears. Only 6(7.5%) ears had normal findings on all audiological measures. Of the 65(81.2%) ears with normal hearing sensitivity, other abnormal findings were consistent with cochlear dysfunction in 13(16.2%) ears, extra-axial pathology in 7(8.7%) ears, auditory neuropathy/dys-synchrony in 2(2.5%) ears, retrocochlear dysfunction involving VIII cranial nerve and/or the auditory brainstem tracts in 9(11.3%) ears. 15(18.8%) ears with abnormal ABRs findings were supported by findings on imaging results. These data confirmed that auditory dysfunction is often a complication in NF1. Health professionals should be aware of potential effects of NF1 on the auditory system.
description: (Au. D.) -- Towson University, 2013.
"Built by CDH" Software Warranty
Creators: name: Bauer, Jean
name: Koeser, Rebecca Sutton
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: support agreement

description: “Built by CDH” Software Warranty and “Built by CDH” Long Term Service Agreement document CDH's commitment to and responsibilities for maintaining and supporting applications developed by the CDH Development & Design Team. These documents also spell out corresponding Project Director (PI) responsibilities toward the same goal, as well as the conditions under which a project will no longer be maintained by CDH, including the possibility that a site may eventually be archived and turned off, should it become unmaintainable or a security risk. Maintenance plans are based on infrastructure provided by Princeton University Office of Information Technology (OIT), which provides Virtual Server hosting to faculty and departments with no cost or annual fee.
title: Individual motivational profiles: the interaction between external and internal factors
Creators: name: Edmondson, Willis
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: The concept of motivation in the context of second/foreign language acquisition is in flux. More particularly, the socio-psychological conceptualisation encapsulated in the work of Robert Gardner has been and is currently being extended and revised (not least by Gardner and his associates). This conceptual shift is accompanied by a re-consideration of the role and relevance of motivational research and a concomitant discussion of the appropriate research methodology and data-collection. (These shifts are documented inter alia in Crookes & Schmidt 1991, Tremblay & Gardner 1995, Edmondson 1999b, 139-162, Dörnyei & Schmidt 2001, Riemer 2001, Dörnyei 2001a, Riemer 2004). The purpose of this paper is to contribute to this ongoing debate, specifically via an exploration of how different motivating factors impact collectively on individual learner motivation, especially along the dimensions internal/external, positive/negative, and shortterm/long-term effects. In the first section of the paper, some aspects of the ongoing debate on the role of motivation in different areas of second language research are reviewed, and the focus taken in this paper is developed. Section 2 of the paper discusses the data source and research strategy employed in the present study, and is followed in section 3 by an elaboration of a motivational hierarchy, first postulated in Edmondson & House (2003) and based on the same type of data. In Section 4, the complex ‘motivation’ is broken down into three kinds of motivation that may be affected by three kinds of external influences. In this framework, the fifth and major part of the paper characterises individual motivational sets or ‘syndromes’, exemplifying how individuals react in different ways to conflicting motivational circumstances, particularly whether and how they achieve some degree of internal motivation despite external demotivators. A brief summary follows in section 6.
Asymmetrical dynamics of voltage spread in retinal horizontal cell networks
Creators: name: Benda, Jan
name: Bock, Roland
name: Rujan, P.
name: Ammermüller, J.
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Turtle retina
subject: Gap junctions
subject: Electrical coupling
subject: Continuum model
subject: Length constant
subject: 570 Biologie

description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: Lateral voltage spread in electrically coupled retinal horizontal cell networks is the substrate of center-surround antagonism in bipolar and ganglion cells. We studied its spatial and temporal properties in more detail in turtle L1 horizontal cells by using a contrast border as light stimulus. Experimental data were contrasted with expectations from a linear continuum model to specify the impact of nonlinearities. The assumptions for the diffusion term of the continuum model were justified by neurobiotin labeling. Measured voltage spread revealed two different length constants Λ+ and Λ0, under illuminated and nonilluminated regions of the retina, respectively, as predicted by the linear model. Length constants in the illuminated region showed strong temporal dynamics. For the initial phase of the horizontal cell responses Λ+ was larger than Λo. This was also in accordance with the model. Right at the peak of the response, however, Λ+ dropped below Λo and did not change any more. It is this temporal reversal of asymmetry in voltage spread and not the decrease of Λ+ itself that is lacked by the linear model. The observed independence of the mean ratio Λ+/Λo from light intensity in both the peak and the plateau phases of horizontal cell responses contradicts the linear assumption, too. These two effects have to be addressed to local nonlinearities in the horizontal cell network like a negative feedback loop from photoreceptors and/or voltage-dependent conductances. Due to the failure of the linear model, firm conclusions about the membrane resistance and the coupling resistance of the horizontal cell network cannot be drawn from length constant measurements.
Placebo effect: impact of the expectation of caffeine on reaction time and mood
Creators: name: Riloff, Tracy L.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011

description: The placebo effect is a physiological and/or psychological response to an inert substance that is believed to contain active ingredients. A body of placebo research has linked this phenomenon to the expectancy theory. The present study investigated the impact of expectations about the effects of caffeine on subjectivity (e.g., mood) and objectivity (e.g., reaction time). Subjects (n = 90) were asked to consume decaffeinated club soda and were either falsely informed that the drink contained caffeine equivalent to one cup or four cups of caffeinated coffee or were accurately told that the drink did not contain caffeine. Mood and reaction time were measured by a subjective mood scale and a lexical decision task, respectively. Results demonstrated no significant main effects or interaction effects. Although the hypotheses were not supported, the placebo effect is a highly researched occurrence and has been demonstrated in a variety of fields including pharmacology, psychology, and medicine.
description: (M.A.) -- Towson University, 2011.
title: Motivation beim Fremdsprachenerwerb. Eine qualitative Pilotstudie zur Motivation schwedischer Deutschlerner
Creators: name: Kirchner, Katharina
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Beim Erlernen einer Sprache spielen eine Vielzahl an internen und externen Variablen eine Rolle, die zudem in Wechselwirkung zueinander stehen und somit den Lernprozess hochgradig individualisieren. Einen ganz wesentlichen Faktor stellt in diesem Zusammenhang die Motivation eines Lerners dar. Sie liefert nicht nur den Anreiz zum Lernen einer Sprache, sondern ist das Rädchen, das das Lernen vorantreibt, das den Lerner zum Durchhalten bewegt. Für die hier vorgestellte Pilotstudie wurden schwedische DaF-Lerner hinsichtlich ihrer Motivation beim Deutschlernen befragt. Die Vorgehensweise war qualitativ, es wurden Interviews mit vier Studierenden der Universität Uppsala durchgeführt und anschließend für jeden Untersuchungsteilnehmer ein Motivationsprofil erstellt. Neben internen Persönlichkeitsfaktoren wie Erfolgs-/Misserfolgsattribuierung, Selbstbewusstsein, Selbstbestimmungsgrad u.a wurde auch das spezielle schwedische Umfeld der Lerner berücksichtigt, so dass auch eine Reihe externer Faktoren in die Untersuchung mit eingingen (z. B. Schulsystem, Kontakt, andere Fremdsprachen). Die explorative Vorgehensweise der Studie knüpfte dabei an die bestehenden Theorien und Annahmen der Motivationsforschung an und ermöglichte es darüber hinaus, der Individualität der Untersuchungsteilnehmer und dem speziellen schwedischen Kontext gerecht zu werden. Ziel der Untersuchung war es, neben dem Erstellen individueller Motivationsprofile, durch Vergleich der Profile untereinander, eine Antwort auf die Frage zu finden, in wie weit sich der soziale Kontext (Gesellschaft, Bildungssystem, Medien in Schweden) auf die Motivation der Lerner auswirkt und ob diesbezüglich allgemeine Aussagen möglich sind.
Conventional Superconductivity in Fe-Based Pnictides: the Relevance of Intra-Band Electron-Boson Scattering
Creators: name: Kulic, M. L.
name: Drechsler, S. -L.
name: Dolgov, O. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various recent experimental data and especially the large Fe-isotope effect point against unconventional pairings, since the large intra-band impurity scattering is strongly pair-breaking for them. The strength of the inter-band impurity scattering in some single crystals may be strong and probably beyond the Born scattering limit. In that case the proposed s(+-) pairing (hole(h)- and electron(el)-gaps are of opposite signs) is suppressed but possibly not completely destroyed. The data imply that the intra-band pairing in the h- and in the el-band, which are inevitably due to some nonmagnetic el-boson interaction (EBI), must be taken into account. EBI is either due to phonons (EPI) or possibly due to excitons (EEI), or both are simultaneously operative. We discuss their interplay briefly. The large Fe-isotope effect favors the EPI and the s(+) pairing (the h- and el-gaps are in-phase).
description: 7 pages, no figures, explanations and argumentations improved, references added
Additional file 12 of Metagenomic insights into the microbial communities of inert and oligotrophic outdoor pier surfaces of a coastal city
Creators: name: Tong, Xinzhao
name: Leung, Marcus H. Y.
name: Shen, Zhiyong
name: Lee, Justin Y. Y.
name: Mason, Christopher E.
name: Lee, Patrick K. H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 12: Figure S8. Relative abundance of COG categories in the MAGs differed by phylum. The distribution of the data and its probability density are indicated by a violin plot, and the interquartile range of the data is shown by a standard boxplot. Differences between phyla were statistically significant (KW test, p < 0.05) for all COG categories except [Z]. The statistical p-value for each individual COG comparison is provided in Table S4. For Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, and Gemmatimonadetes (each with a single MAG), the relative abundance in each COG category is indicated by a gray point. The absence of any symbol represents a COG category that is not found in a phylum.
Orbit functions of SU(n) and Chebyshev polynomials
Creators: name: Nesterenko, M.
name: Patera, J.
name: Tereszkiewicz, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Orbit functions of a simple Lie group/Lie algebra L consist of exponential functions summed up over the Weyl group of L. They are labeled by the highest weights of irreducible finite dimensional representations of L. They are of three types: C-, S- and E-functions. Orbit functions of the Lie algebras An, or equivalently, of the Lie group SU(n+1), are considered. First, orbit functions in two different bases - one orthonormal, the other given by the simple roots of SU(n) - are written using the isomorphism of the permutation group of n elements and the Weyl group of SU(n). Secondly, it is demonstrated that there is a one-to-one correspondence between classical Chebyshev polynomials of the first and second kind, and C- and $S$-functions of the simple Lie group SU(2). It is then shown that the well-known orbit functions of SU(n) are straightforward generalizations of Chebyshev polynomials to n-1 variables. Properties of the orbit functions provide a wealth of properties of the polynomials. Finally, multivariate exponential functions are considered, and their connection with orbit functions of SU(n) is established.
description: 15 pages, we have rewritten and reorganized all the manuscript
Spatial and temporal distribution of invertebrate organisms inhabiting the Chara zone
Creators: name: Humphreys, Robert David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Two methods of collection were employed in the investigation of the density, distribution, and movements of invertebrates inhabiting the Chara zone of lakes: (1) Chara samples were obtained at regular depth intervals over the Chara shoals with the aid of Scuba gear, partitioning the Chara stand into two approximately equal vertical halves - top half and bottom half; (2) a long-handled dipnet was used to sample the surface of the Chara stand and the waters above the stand. Sampling with the dipnet on a 24-hour basis provided data on the diel movements of organisms in the Chara zone. The density of the invertebrate populations was lowest in June due to the reduction of stocks over the winter months by predation and other causes of death. The high numbers in September were attributed to the results of early summer reproduction. Fluctuations in density over the summer months were traced to the changing interplay between hatching and emergence of various invertebrate groups. Eradication of fish from one of the lakes resulted in an increase in numbers of the major fish-food organisms, indicating predation by fish as an important factor controlling density of invertebrate stocks. The distribution of invertebrate organisms over the Chara shoal from shore to the limit of the vegetation offshore and vertically within the Chara bed itself was remarkably homogeneous. Minor differences in distribution of several invertebrate groups were demonstrated by statistical means. Daily vertical and horizontal movements of many of the organisms were shown to produce large density fluctuations on the Chara surface.