cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Negotiating Territorial Sovereignty: Pufendorf to Vattel
Creators: Mueser, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Politics and government--Philosophy
subject: World politics--Philosophy

description: It is now taken for granted that the globe is divided into mutually exclusive territories, each of which belong to a particular community. To be a political community, it is thought, means to have sole possession of a piece of the Earth’s surface and to have complete authority over that land. Yet the history of political thought has little to tell us about when and how this conception arose. I argue that the first complete statement of this doctrine of the territorial state emerged with Emer de Vattel’s The Law of Nations in 1758. Vattel’s doctrine synthesized three ideas which had been developing in the genres of natural law and the law of nations since the Peace of Westphalia: the state was supreme over its territory; it possessed independent moral personality; and it was tied to a permanent human community. This dissertation recovers the ideological resources of territorial state formation by tracing the philosophical roots of these ideas in Samuel von Pufendorf, John Locke, and Christian Wolff. I argue that although Vattel’s doctrine would appear as an ideal type, it was in fact provincially rooted in the narrow context of former dynastic fiefdoms in the Holy Roman Empire. I reach this conclusion through a spatial contextualist method of reading canonical texts in the natural law and law of nations traditions. I find that the shared linguistic practices that emerged to conceptualize and defend territorial states often relied upon assuming preexisting communities who laid claim to the land as their ‘native country.’
Magnitude homology of geodesic metric spaces with an upper curvature bound
Creators: name: Asao, Yasuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, we study the magnitude homology of geodesic metric spaces of curvature $\leq κ$, especially ${\rm CAT}(κ)$ spaces. We will show that the magnitude homology $MH^{l}_{n}(X)$ of such a meric space $X$ vanishes for small $l$ and all $n > 0$. Conseqently, we can compute a total $\mathbb{Z}$-degree magnitude homology for small $l$ for the shperes $\mathbb{S}^{n}$, the Euclid spaces $\mathbb{E}^{n}$, the hyperbolic spaces $\mathbb{H}^{n}$, and real projective spaces $\mathbb{RP}^{n}$ with the standard metric. We also show that an existence of closed geodesic in a metric space guarantees the non-triviality of magnitude homology.
description: 16pages
Charles Dawson's rare essay on the hermitage at Buxted.
Creators: name: Miles, Peter
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2008

description: Sussex Archaeological Collections, 145, 195-209
description: The paper discusses an essay on the rock hermitage at Buxted, written by the Sussex antiquarian Charles Dawson (known for his involvement in the Piltdown Man fraud). In particular the author draws attention to the light shed by the essay on Dawson's interests, motivations, scholarly methods and social and professional contacts. The essay was printed in limited numbers early in the twentieth century as the introduction to a group of photograph albums commissioned by the then-owner of the house and estate known as the Hermitage, at High Hurstwood, Buxted. It is also suggested that one of Dawson's footnotes to the essay relates to the forging of inscribed Roman tiles allegedly found at Pevensey Castle. Includes
Existence and Regularity of Weak Solutions for a Thermoelectric Model
Creators: name: Pan, Xing-Bin
name: Zhang, Zhibing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper concerns a time-independent thermoelectric model with two different boundary conditions. The model is a nonlinear coupled system of the Maxwell equations and an elliptic equation. By analyzing carefully the nonlinear structure of the equations, and with the help of the De Giorgi-Nash estimate for elliptic equations, we obtain existence of weak solutions on Lipschitz domains for general boundary data. Using Campanato's method, we establish regularity results of the weak solutions.
description: accepted by Nonlinearity
Vanishing parameter for an optimal control problem modeling tumor growth
Creators: name: Signori, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A distributed optimal control problem for a phase field system which physical context is that of tumor growth is discussed. The system we are going to take into account consists of a Cahn-Hilliard equation for the phase variable (relative concentration of the tumor), coupled with a reaction-diffusion equation for the nutrient. The cost functional is of standard tracking-type and the control variable models the intensity with which it is possible to dispense a medication. The model we deal with presents two small and positive parameters which are introduced in previous contributions as relaxation terms. Here, starting from the already investigated optimal control problem for the relaxed model, we aim at confirming the existence of optimal control and characterizing the first-order optimality condition, via asymptotic schemes, when one of the two occurring parameters goes to zero.
title: Zeitschrift des Allgemeinen Österreichischen Apothekervereines 11. Jahrgang 1873
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Allgemeiner Österreichischer Apothekerverein
Year: 1873
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Zeitschrift des Allgemeinen Österreichischen Apothekervereines: 1. 1863 - 37. 1899, vol. 11. 1873
Negotiating the Scope of Postwar Stalinist Novels
Creators: Hicks, Andrew
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Slavic literature

description: This dissertation challenges dominant perceptions of literary socialist realism by demonstrating how works of official Soviet literature enjoy more scope for individuality and innovation than is commonly acknowledged by structuralist or dissident readings.  It examines how three Stalin Prize-winning novels use the material of recent history, their predecessor works, the tropes and genres of the Soviet literary system, and allegorical reading to comment on Stalinist society, including such concerns as love, the legitimacy of the state, generational conflict, and Bolshevik management techniques.  It traces the textual history of Aleksandr Fadeev's wartime conspiracy novel Young Guard, showing that revision demanded by the state can boost a work's legitimacy, and suggesting that the novel may not always be the most important version of a narrative when alternative versions exist, especially film.  It argues that the first version of a Stalinist novel generally demonstrates more authorial individuality and engagement with Soviet Reality than the later versions that give the impression of homogeneity to Soviet literature.  Semen Babaevskii's agricultural production novel Bearer of the Golden Star, one of the chief targets of Thaw critics, engages the Stalinist literary convention of the positive hero by thematizing the concept of the hero and showing how society's reaction to that status may impeach its ability to enable the rest of its citizenry to carry out post-war reconstruction. Vera Panova's Radiant Shore circumvents the constraints of the doctrine of conflictlessness by delving into the world of a child, but also by creating an allegory that links animal husbandry, Soviet literary history, and Communist management techniques.
Neighborhood effects on children's educational attainment and teenage childbirth
Creators: Kuang, Li
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Public health
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This dissertation study examines the associations between neighborhood economic conditions and children's probability of dropping out of high school before completion and female teenagers' likelihood of giving birth before age 20. This dissertation study makes two major contributions to the current literature.
      First, by taking a longitudinal view of neighborhood socioeconomic situations, this research has demonstrated the advantage and importance of examining the impact of socioeconomic situations in which children are embedded during their entire childhood. Comparing the results from this study with those from using point-in-time measures of neighborhood conditions, I have found estimates of neighborhood effects using longitudinal measures are larger and more efficient.
      Second, unlike prior research that has focused on neighborhood poverty, this study examines three important dimensions of neighborhood economic conditions: poverty, affluence, and economic segregation by using the index of concentration at the extremes. Each of the dimensions has different impact on children's probabilities of quitting high school early and becoming teenage mothers. Neighborhood poverty is curvilinearly related to children's likelihood of dropping out of high school while neighborhood affluence and ICE have linear impact on children's educational attainment. For teenage childbirth outcome, effects of all three economic dimensions are linear. Substantial racial differences in response to neighborhood economic impact have been discovered. Results confirm the prior findings that white children are more responsive to neighborhood affluence. Holding constant individual and family characteristics, and influence from neighborhood racial composition, black children may fare better in their academic achievement than white children. This study fails to provide substantial support for relative deprivation and competition mechanisms of neighborhood economic influence. The neighborhood impact is mainly channeled through social isolation avenue.
      Family economic conditions and the educational attainment of family heads have strong impact on both of the children's outcomes. Residential mobility has negative impact on children's school performance but not on their health risk of teenage childbirth.
title: Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & A. Gray ex Hook & Arn.) Landon
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Digitale Pflanzenbilder: Sammlung Dietmar Brandes
subject: 580

description: Pflanzensammlung Dietmar Brandes: Digitale Pflanzenbilder
Autoparallels From a New Action Principle
Creators: name: Kleinert, H.
name: Pelster, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simpler and more powerful version of the recently-discovered action principle for the motion of a spinless point particle in spacetimes with curvature and torsion. The surprising feature of the new principle is that an action involving only the metric can produce an equation of motion with a torsion force, thus changing geodesics to autoparallels. This additional torsion force arises from a noncommutativity of variations with parameter derivatives of the paths due to the closure failure of parallelograms in the presence of torsion
description: Paper in src. Author Information under http://www.physik.fu-berlin.de/~kleinert/institution.html Read paper directly with Netscape under http://www.physik.fu-berlin.de/~kleinert/kleiner_re243/preprint.html
Farmers’ Willingness to Pay for Crop Insurance: Evidence from Eastern Ghana
Creators: name: Ellis, Emmanuella
name: Ellis, Emmanuella
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Contingent valuation
subject: Heckman two stage analysis
subject: Interval Regression
subject: Weather Index Insurance

description: Crop insurance is a risk management tool with the potential of dealing with risk more efficiently. This study uses a dichotomous contingent valuation method to elicit the willingness to pay for crop insurance among cereal farmers in the Eastern region of Ghana. The study employed descriptive statistical techniques to analyze primary data obtained from 208 sampled farmers in the region. Approximately, 52.9% of the farmers expressed interest in crop insurance. A Heckman two stage approach was employed to estimate the factors influencing the WTP for crop insurance. The results revealed that farmers were willing to pay approximately $18.36 per cropping season. The demand for insurance was found to be negatively correlated with the premium amounts suggesting that it is a normal good. The Probit model revealed that marital status and awareness of crop insurance had a positive correlation with the willingness to purchase insurance. The coefficient for education was positive and statistically significant at the 5% significance level in relation to farmers’ WTP. Borrowing and savings were, however, found to be negative and significant at the 1% and 10% levels respectively in relation to WTP. Farmers’ WTP amount estimated with the interval regression model was shown to be influenced by key variables such as age, crop type, farm size, farm experience, income, weather variation, savings and access to extension agents. Innovative insurance products and the appropriate distribution channels are also recommended to incite demand for crop insurance.
Timing detectors for forward physics
Creators: name: Staszewski, Rafał
name: Chwastowski, Janusz J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of precise time-of-flight (ToF) detectors for measurements of diffractive and electromagnetic processes in proton-proton collisions is discussed. The performance of background rejection exploiting the ToF measurements of the forward protons is derived. The influence of additional timing measurements delivered by the central detectors is presented and the possible gain is studied.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Neighborhood Mapping and Neighborhood Planning: Revealing the Relationship in New York City, 1970-2015
Creators: Serra Coch, Glòria
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: City planning
City planning--Maps
Cities and towns--Maps
Neighborhoods
Community development, Urban

description: Maps are a central tool to explore spatial relationships used both for analysis and implementation within the urban planning field. However, although they tend to be envisioned as scientific, rational, and objective depictions of the ground, the process of mapping follows a set of abstraction steps that imply the subjectivity of the represented. Maps are affected by the context and process of their creation and carry specific understandings or knowledge frameworks. As they are constantly used in the planning practice, this subjectivity intrinsic in the spatial representations can highly affect how the represented spaces are planned. In this way, a feedback loop is initiated, where the context and situation on the ground affects the representation while also this one ends up informing plans and policies that will be applied to the ground. This thesis uncovers the extent and implications of this feedback loop between the represented and representation or between mapping and planning. The research focuses on a specific topic, neighborhoods, and follows it through a case study, planning in New York from 1970 to today. The results of this temporal comparison display patterns that support the existence of a relationship between the goals of each plan, the operationalization of neighborhood that derives from those goals, their representation in the form of maps and the planning practices applied. Therefore, this work shows a case of both how the context can affect the way in which cities are represented and how the representation of cities through mapping has influenced the urban practices deployed in it. This study is essential for planners to understand the underlying mechanism in which power can exert its influence through maps and be aware of the agency that our profession plays in this process.
Effectiveness Evaluation of Rural Extension Education Programs (The Case of Sheep Breeders in Pasargad Township, Iran)
Creators: name: Aziz-Khalkheili, Taher
name: Bikani, Masoud
name: Shahpasand, Mohammad Reza
name: Farbod, Farzad
name: Aziz-Khalkheili, Taher
name: Bikani, Masoud
name: Shahpasand, Mohammad Reza
name: Farbod, Farzad
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: evaluation
subject: educational effectiveness
subject: EEEEP model
subject: Sheep breeding
subject: Pasargad

description: Since a lot of material and human expenditure are spent for implementing extension education programs for rural people, one of the most important aspects of these programs is “effectiveness evaluation” and the rate of accomplishing program objectives, as well as determining program obstacles and solving them for future plans. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of rural extension education programs regarding sheep breeding. To achieve this purpose, the first phase of the present study analyzed effectiveness evaluation models using documentary studies. Then, an Effectiveness Evaluation of Extension Education Programs (EEEEP) model was designed and accomplished in the form of evaluating a rural education program. The second phase used an experimental research method in one-group pretest-posttest design. A purposeful sampling method was used for selecting research sample (n=32) from sheep breeders in Pasargad Township, Fars Province, Iran. The data gathering instrument was a questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed with the Lincoln and Guba assessment method. The results revealed that participants’ satisfaction with the programs was higher than average in three dimensions. Also, these courses had a significant influence on the attitude and knowledge of the participants about the educated subjects. The participants’ main problem was the difficulty of attending the class. Finally, based on the findings, some executive recommendations have been provided.
Using the PILOTE Model to Improve Water Productivity for Rice in Rasht, North of Iran
Creators: name: Shadpour-Rashti, Maryam
name: Khaledian, Mohammadreza
name: Biglouei, Mohammadhassan
name: Rezaei, Mojtaba
name: Shadpour-Rashti, Maryam
name: Khaledian, Mohammadreza
name: Biglouei, Mohammadhassan
name: Rezaei, Mojtaba
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Hashemi variety
subject: irrigation management
subject: Rasht
subject: simulation

description: In order to calibrate and validate the PILOTE model for rice in a humid climate, this study was carried in a randomized complete block design with three replications on a popular local variety, Hashemi, during 2001, 2002, 2005, 2006 and 2007 crop seasons. This research was done at the Rice Research Institute of Rasht, Iran. Evaluation of simulated and measured grain yield and dry matter values was done using Nash- Sutcliffe efficiency (EF), Root Mean Square Errors (RMSE) and normalized root mean square errors (NRMSE) indices. The results revealed that RMSE for validation and calibration were 0.69 and 0.72 Mgha-1, respectively. NRMSE for calibration was 9.5 % and for validation was 14.1 %. NRMSE for grain yield and dry matter were 8.74 and 13.37 %, respectively. EF values were between 0.84 and 0.98. The results showed that the PILOTE model can be used to manage properly rice irrigation in different regimes. Scenario analysis showed that the best irrigation regime was intermittent irrigation with 8- day interval.
title: Oenothera macrocarpa Nutt. subsp. incana (A. Gray) W. L. Wagner
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Digitale Pflanzenbilder: Sammlung Dietmar Brandes
subject: 580

description: Pflanzensammlung Dietmar Brandes: Digitale Pflanzenbilder
Transfer Entropy Rate Through Lempel-Ziv Complexity
Creators: name: Restrepo, Juan F.
name: Mateos, Diego M.
name: Schlotthauer, Gastón
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we present a methodology to estimate the Transfer Entropy Rate between two systems through the Lempel-Ziv complexity. This methodology carries a set of practical advantages: it can be estimated from two single discrete series of measures, it is not computationally expensive and it does not assume any model for the data. The results of simulations over three different unidirectional coupled systems, suggest that this methodology can be used to assess the direction and strength of the information flow between systems.
Deep Generative Design: Integration of Topology Optimization and Generative Models
Creators: name: Oh, Sangeun
name: Jung, Yongsu
name: Kim, Seongsin
name: Lee, Ikjin
name: Kang, Namwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning has recently been applied to various research areas of design optimization. This study presents the need and effectiveness of adopting deep learning for generative design (or design exploration) research area. This work proposes an artificial intelligent (AI)-based design automation framework that is capable of generating numerous design options which are not only aesthetic but also optimized for engineering performance. The proposed framework integrates topology optimization and deep generative models (e.g., generative adversarial networks (GANs)) in an iterative manner to explore new design options, thus generating a large number of designs starting from limited previous design data. In addition, anomaly detection can evaluate the novelty of generated designs, thus helping designers choose among design options. The 2D wheel design problem is applied as a case study for validation of the proposed framework. The framework manifests better aesthetics, diversity, and robustness of generated designs than previous generative design methods.
Crop and Livestock Insurance; A Selected List of References to Literature Issued Since 1898
Creators: name: Colvin, Esther M.
name: Olcott, Margaret T.
name: Colvin, Esther M.
name: Olcott, Margaret T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1936
Subjects: Farm Management
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Excerpts from the Foreword: Although a suggestion for a system of general crop insurance came from Benjamin Franklin as early as 1783, it was not until 1899 that the first experiment in this type of insurance was made in the United States. This bibliography, therefore, is designed to cover the years 1899 to date. However, the student interested in publications issued before 1899, will find valuable material in P. Mayet’s "Agricultural Insurance in Organic Connection with Savings-Banks, Land-Credit, and the Commutation of Debts," translated from the German by Arthur Lloyd, and published in London by Swan Sonnenschein and Co. in 1893. The bibliography includes, as well as a section dealing with crop insurance, that is, all-risk crop insurance, material relating to other forms of agricultural insurance. These forms are: Hail insurance, which is extensively written both in the United States and in foreign countries; livestock insurance, perhaps the oldest type of agricultural insurance; frost insurance which is a development of recent years; and forest fire insurance. References to material relating to the insurance of agricultural labor have been omitted. Material dealing with fire insurance has been included only when it related to growing crops or to standing timber. Only the references relating to material published in foreign languages for which English summaries could be readily obtained, have been included. The need for a comprehensive bibliography dealing with foreign material is recognized and it is hoped that some agency may undertake it in the near future. The bibliography is classified under broad subject headings, with references arranged alphabetically under country in each section.
Neighborhoods and Sleep Health: Mediating Roles of Psychological Distress and Physical Activity
Creators: Kim, Byoungjun
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Epidemiology
Sleep--Health aspects
Mental health
Neighborhoods--Social aspects
Minorities--Health and hygiene

description: Sleep has been recognized as a major determinant of physical and mental health. Emerging studies suggested that social and built environments should be considered as important determinants of sleep health, however causal mechanisms between neighborhood factors and sleep health still remain unclear. The proposed dissertation is a connected set of papers including a systematic review and longitudinal studies investigating associations between neighborhood stressors and sleep health as well as potential causal mechanisms via psychological distress and physical activity. The longitudinal studies employed comprehensive measures of neighborhood characteristics and sleep health along with g-estimation and mediation analysis techniques. Neighborhood social and built environments may contribute to poor sleep health, particularly in low-income and racial/ethnic minority neighborhoods, and psychological distress can be a salient pathway linking these neighborhood characteristics and sleep health. Based on our findings, interventions to improve sleep should target modifiable factors and enhance neighborhood environments. These sorts of strategies have the potential to improve not only sleep health but also other health outcomes.
Neighborhood Rezonings and Historic Preservation In New York City
Creators: Bayers, Whitney N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Historic preservation
Zoning
Neighborhood planning
Cultural property--Protection
City planning--Citizen participation

description: This thesis critically examines how historic preservation and heritage resources are considered in the process of large-scale neighborhood rezonings in New York City. In particular, this research addresses the ongoing city-led effort to identify and rezone fifteen neighborhoods throughout the five boroughs as part of Housing New York, an initiative that began in 2014 with the stated goal to create or preserve 300,000 units affordable housing within 10 years.

Each of the rezonings began with an extensive neighborhood planning process that aimed to engage the community to achieve more equitable outcomes. While this approach is more constructive than the planning initiatives of the mid-twentieth century (such as urban renewal), the process is not fully accounting for the positive impacts historic preservation can have within the communities it seeks to improve.

In neighborhoods that expressed concerns over the loss of important cultural resources, few formal measures were put in place to protect them. In East New York, Brooklyn, where a zoning amendment was approved in 2016, only one property was designated as a landmark as a result of the rezoning process, despite community assertions that the area contained dozens of potentially-eligible historic resources. The Manhattan neighborhoods of East Harlem and Inwood fared similarly when they were rezoned in 2017 and 2018.

This thesis examines the first five neighborhoods rezoned under Housing New York to both document and better understand the process by which these rezonings are undertaken. Interviews with key stakeholders, including city officials and local preservationists provided insight regarding preservation concerns that existed in the neighborhood prior to the rezoning, whether and how those concerns were addressed, and what outcomes were for the community. The purpose of this thesis is to draw attention to a gap in the process and make recommendations for change that are more inclusive of heritage resources.
Analytic and Asymptotic Methods for Nonlinear Singularity Analysis: a Review and Extensions of Tests for the Painlevé Property
Creators: name: Kruskal, Martin D.
name: Joshi, Nalini
name: Halburd, Rod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The integrability (solvability via an associated single-valued linear problem) of a differential equation is closely related to the singularity structure of its solutions. In particular, there is strong evidence that all integrable equations have the Painlevé property, that is, all solutions are single-valued around all movable singularities. In this expository article, we review methods for analysing such singularity structure. In particular, we describe well known techniques of nonlinear regular-singular-type analysis, i.e. the Painlevé tests for ordinary and partial differential equations. Then we discuss methods of obtaining sufficiency conditions for the Painlevé property. Recently, extensions of \textit{irregular} singularity analysis to nonlinear equations have been achieved. Also, new asymptotic limits of differential equations preserving the Painlevé property have been found. We discuss these also.
description: 40 pages in LaTeX2e. To appear in the Proceedings of the CIMPA Summer School on "Nonlinear Systems," Pondicherry, India, January 1996, (eds) B. Grammaticos and K. Tamizhmani
Neighborhood Conservation Districts: An Assessment of Typologies, Effectiveness and Community Response
Creators: Yeston, Max Abraham
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: City planning
Regional planning

description: Neighborhood Conservation Districts (NCDs), a preservation planning tool, have proven to be a valuable approach to neighborhood preservation, and are expanding in their scope. This is significant to planning since it is a land use device intended to combat market pressures in many cases by preventing out-of-scale luxury housing. The strategy gives communities the opportunity to have a more active say in how their neighborhoods are shaped without having the physical identity of their surroundings be determined by market-based, Euclidean zoning, and without the sometimes more onerous rules of historic districts. From a preservation standpoint, an NCD is appropriate for neighborhoods that might not merit traditional historic designation, either because the building stock is not old enough, or the original built fabric has been compromised by extensive alterations. There are three basic types of NCD: the historic preservation model, which uses preservation-based design review processes and guidelines, and the neighborhood planning model, which relies more on zoning techniques and is often part of a comprehensive plan. The third ‘hybrid’ type gives individual districts the ability to choose the degree of design review. Building on previous studies that have taken a comprehensive look at the wide range of NCDs throughout the U.S., this thesis takes a deeper, more focused look at examples in three cities (Cambridge, Massachusetts; Raleigh, North Carolina; and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), each with different criteria and design regulations. In this current assessment of how specific NCDs are performing now, the basic thesis questions are: are some NCDs meeting their self-expressed and explicit goals better than others? How do different standards of design review perform in different NCDs, and how do various community stakeholders view the effects of regulations (intended and unintended)? Through examining the views of various stakeholders on the ordinances against the language and intent of the laws themselves, the thesis evaluated whether NCDs are viewed as an effective preservation tool for areas that might not fit full historic designation requirements. Additionally, by taking into account the demographic and economic data for these particular neighborhoods, in combination with participants’ views, the study assesses any unintentional impacts of the different ordinances, and ascertains whether there is any room for improvement. It was discovered that officials and administrators had a more favorable view than residents. While it was assumed that property owners would be more receptive to planning-oriented conservation districts since there is typically less regulation of construction activities, the opposite turned out to be true, and homeowners in less regulated NCDs wanted more review.
Handicrafts of South Asia: A Reflection
Creators: name: Halliday, Kat
name: Khan, Hiba
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 36
subject: Creative arts and writing

description: Output from the 2025 Talent Match placement with researcher Hiba Khan and the Library. Handicrafts of South Asia: A Reflection is a personal research project which explores the heritage and research themes of the author.Hello there! I'm Hiba, a Creative Writing Master's student with a history of Graphic Design. I've grown up all around the world, which is partially why I am so enthused to share about culture and art from the places I've been but also the ones I never have. As an artist, designer, writer, a craftsperson who explores all forms of creativity, the arts have always been a way to demonstrating my experiences and, in more recent years, a method of sharing culture and histories. It should be highlighted that there are countless fields within the arts and they may be distinguished from craft – generally, when using the term “art” we refer to flat visuals (like paintings or prints) but also to sculptures made for display. The term “craft” encompasses the more tangible and material-heavy methods, such as ceramics, woodwork, metalwork and textiles, which in of itself can include embroidery, dyeing, even crocheting. It is generally understood in the wider public sphere that art is something we revere and gaze at with awe, whereas crafts are hobbies we use to pass the time and "cute" little side-projects. And now, with the rise of generative AI, even art is seen as a silly thing to pursue, leading to already-undervalued artisans becoming even more ignored. Elitism poisons everything it touches, and because of it, some people simply do not understand the delight of creating by hand, of art and craft as respective fields, of creativity as a whole.© The authors
Neighborhood Compositional Characteristics on HIV, Sexual Risk Behaviors, and Prevention Activities among Black and White Young Men Who have Sex with Men
Creators: Jones, Kenneth Terrill
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Public health
subject: Social service

description: This study examined associations between individual and neighborhood compositional characteristics for young black and white men who have sex with men (MSM), ages 15-25 years. Individual baseline data were collected during 1999-2000 as part of a 13-city randomized control trial. Neighborhood composition data at the zip code tabulation area were obtained from the 2000 US Census. Consistent with other studies, individual characteristics--including supportive condom use peer norms--were associated with any unprotected anal sex, HIV testing, having an HIV-positive/unknown test result, recent participation in prevention activities, and knowledge of antiretroviral therapies used to treat HIV. While young black men generally engaged in less risky sexual behaviors, they were more likely to test for HIV than were young white men but were also less likely to have recently participated in prevention programs or have knowledge of drugs used to treat HIV.  Associations were also observed for neighborhood compositional variables and HIV risk. Neighborhood percentage of single-parent female-headed households and neighborhood population turnover were associated with reduced HIV risk; while neighborhood composition measures of poverty and socioeconomic status were associated with increased HIV risk. Neighborhood percentage of same-sex couples, also a measure of neighborhood gay presence, was associated both with factors that increase and factors that decrease risk for HIV transmission or acquisition. Young black men were more likely to live in neighborhoods characterized by increased risk while young white men were more likely to live in neighborhoods that were characterized by decreased risk. These findings suggest that HIV risk disparities experienced among black and white young MSM can be partially explained by the neighborhoods in which these men reside. As such, prevention efforts for MSM should focus on both individual characteristics of these men and the neighborhoods in which they reside.
Heavy pentaquark spectroscopy in the diquark model
Creators: name: Giannuzzi, Floriana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $QQ^\prime qq\bar q$ pentaquarks are studied in a potential model, under the hypothesis that they are composite objects of two diquarks and one antiquark. The interaction between two colored objects includes two contributions, one based on the $q\bar q$ potential in QCD, computed in the gauge/string duality approach, and another describing the spin-spin interaction. The model has been extended to investigate pentaquarks with different quark content, as $Qqqq\bar q$ and $Qqqq\bar Q$, the latter including the states observed by LHCb, $P_c(4380)^+$ and $P_c(4450)^+$, later updated, with a new data sample, to $P_c(4312)^+$, $P_c(4440)^+$, and $P_c(4457)^+$.
description: Matches published version
Isotopic and spin selectivity of H_2 adsorbed in bundles of carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Trasca, R. A.
name: Kostov, M. K.
name: Cole, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to its large surface area and strongly attractive potential, a bundle of carbon nanotubes is an ideal substrate material for gas storage. In addition, adsorption in nanotubes can be exploited in order to separate the components of a mixture. In this paper, we investigate the preferential adsorption of D_2 versus H_2(isotope selectivity) and of ortho versus para(spin selectivity) molecules confined in the one-dimensional grooves and interstitial channels of carbon nanotube bundles. We perform selectivity calculations in the low coverage regime, neglecting interactions between adsorbate molecules. We find substantial spin selectivity for a range of temperatures up to 100 K, and even greater isotope selectivity for an extended range of temperatures,up to 300 K. This isotope selectivity is consistent with recent experimental data, which exhibit a large difference between the isosteric heats of D_2 and H_2 adsorbed in these bundles.
description: Paper submitted to Phys.Rev. B; 17 pages, 2 tables, 6 figures
Late 16th-century domestic wall painting: an example from Fittleworth, West Sussex
Creators: name: Tankard, Danae
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2017

description: Sussex Archaeological Collections, 154, 195-208
description: In 1968 a remarkable wall painting scheme thought to date from around 1580 to 1600 was uncovered during the renovation of Ivy House in Fittleworth, West Sussex. Threatened with destruction, four painted wattle-and-daub panels were removed and are now in the collection of the Weald and Downland Open Air Museum in Singleton, West Sussex. This article examines the wall paintings in the context of what we know about domestic wall painting during this period. It considers the relationship between the Ivy House scheme and other forms of decorative design, in particular block-printed wall papers and black-work embroidery. It offers an overview of the structural history of the house and what is known about the social status of its early occupants. Finally, it considers how the room might have been furnished in the late 16th and early 17th centuries and the relationship between domestic interior design and contemporary clothing fashions.
Employment and education outcomes of transition-age youth with depressive-mood disorders : insights from the federal-state vocational rehabilitation program
Creators: name: Akinola, Olayemi Ajibola
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: Transition-age youth
Depressive-mood disorders
Education
Employment
Federal-state vocational rehabilitation program

description: Transition-age youth (TAY) living with depressive-mood disorders (DMD) experience adverse employment and educational outcomes. Over 30,000 TAY with these conditions enroll in the federal-state vocational rehabilitation (VR) program annually. Yet, little is known about their experiences and outcomes from the program. Using the national Rehabilitation Services Administration (RSA) data for 2015 fiscal year, this study sought to, (a) shed light on the demographic factors that impact education and employment outcomes of TAY with DMD in the federal-state VR program and, (b) investigate associations between VR services and their education and employment outcomes. The analytic sample comprised of 4,772 TAY who had DMD as a primary cause of disability. Descriptive, logistic and multilinear regression analyses were computed to examine the associations between youth-level variables (demographic characteristics and VR services) and successful employment, weekly earnings and postsecondary degree attainment. Results suggest that demographic characteristics such as age, gender, race/ethnicity and level of education are associated with successful employment, weekly earnings and postsecondary degree attainment. The receipt of VR services such as occupational training, job readiness training, supported employment, job search, job placement, on-the-job support, treatment and education support services were also found to be associated with successful employment, weekly earnings and postsecondary degree attainment. The implication of these findings for practice and future research are discussed
Complete Nondiagonal Reflection Matrices of RSOS/SOS and Hard Hexagon Models
Creators: name: Ahn, C.
name: You, C. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we compute the most general nondiagonal reflection matrices of the RSOS/SOS models and hard hexagon model using the boundary Yang-Baxter equations. We find new one-parameter family of reflection matrices for the RSOS model in addition to the previous result without any parameter. We also find three classes of reflection matrices for the SOS model, which has one or two parameters. For the hard hexagon model which can be mapped to RSOS(5) model by folding four RSOS heights into two, the solutions can be obtained similarly with a main difference in the boundary unitarity conditions. Due to this, the reflection matrices can have two free parameters. We show that these extra terms can be identified with the `decorated' solutions. We also generalize the hard hexagon model by `folding' the RSOS heights of the general RSOS(p) model and show that they satisfy the integrability conditions such as the Yang- Baxter and boundary Yang-Baxter equations. These models can be solved using the results for the RSOS models.
description: 18pages,Latex
Setting priorities for health education research: A mixed methods study
Creators: name: Palermo, Claire
name: King, Olivia
name: Brock, Tina
name: Brown, Ted
name: Crampton, Paul
name: Hall, Helen
name: Macaulay, Janet
name: Morphet, Julia
name: Mundy, Matthew
name: Oliaro, Louise
name: Paynter, Sophie
name: Williams, Brett
name: Wright, Caroline
name: Rees, Charlotte E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Introduction: Identifying priority research topics that meet the needs of multiple stakeholders should maximize research investment. Aim: To identify priorities for health education research. Methods: A three-stage sequential mixed methods study was conducted. Priorities for health education research were identified through a qualitative survey with 104 students, patients, academics, and clinicians across five health sciences and 12 professions (stage 1). These findings were analyzed using framework analysis and transposed into a quantitative survey whereby 780 stakeholders rated and ranked the identified priorities. Descriptive statistics identified priorities, exploratory factor analysis grouped priorities and differences between stakeholders were determined using Mann–Whitney U tests (stage 2). Six individual or group interviews with 16 participants (stage 3) further explicated the results from previous stages. Results: Of 30 priorities identified, the top were: how best to ensure students develop the required skills for work; how to promote resiliency and well-being in students; and ensuring the curriculum prepares students for work. For the majority of priorities, no significant differences were found between different stakeholder groups. Conclusions: These findings will be used to inform health educational research strategy both locally and nationally. Further research should explore if setting priorities can be translated effectively into education research policy and practice.
Schwinger Mechanism During Inflation
Creators: name: Shakeri, Soroush
name: Gorji, Mohammad Ali
name: Firouzjahi, Hassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the efficiency of Schwinger mechanism in creating charged pairs during inflation. We consider a minimal setup of inflation in which the inflaton field is a complex scalar field charged under a $U(1)$ gauge field. There is a time dependent conformal coupling which pumps energy from the inflaton field to the gauge field to furnish a nearly constant background electric field energy density to drive the Schwinger mechanism. The coupling between the gauge field and the scalar field induces a time dependent effective mass for the inflaton field. The requirement of a long period of slow-roll inflation causes the Schwinger mechanism to be highly inefficient during inflation. The non-perturbative Schwinger mechanism can be relevant only towards the end of inflation and only on very small scales. This is in contrast to hypothetical models studied in literature in which the complex scalar field is a test field and a constant electric field is imposed on the dS background by hand. We calculate the number of pairs of charged particles created perturbatively during inflation. We show that it is proportional to the amplitude of the quadrupolar statistical anisotropy and it is very small. Consequently, the back-reactions of created particles on magnetogenesis on large scales are negligible.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures, matches published version in PRD