cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Facilitating healthy choice at the point of sale: fine-tuning nutrition labels versus editing choice?
Creators: name: Aschemann-Witzel, Jessica
name: Aschemann-Witzel, Jessica
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Obesity rates in Europe have lead to a debate on what factors influence consumers’ in-store food choices most. This study aims to assess the contribution of nutrition labels against the impact of choice sets to facilitating healthy decision-making. Different front-of-pack labeling formats were implemented on products that were presented to representative consumer samples. Choice sets and product categories were systematically varied. The results indicate that nutrition information in general contribute only little, while extending choice sets with healthier product alternatives of the same category – i.e., ‘choice editing’ – largely contributes to healthy decision-making.
Electrons in a ferromagnetic metal with a domain wall
Creators: name: Dugaev, V. K.
name: Barnas, J.
name: Lusakowski, A.
name: Turski, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present theoretical description of conduction electrons interacting with a domain wall in ferromagnetic metals. The description takes into account interaction between electrons. Within the semiclassical approximation we calculate the spin and charge distributions, particularly their modification by the domain wall. In the same approximation we calculate local transport characteristics, including relaxation times and charge and spin conductivities. It is shown that these parameters are significantly modified near the wall and this modification depends on electron-electron interaction.
description: 10 pages with 4 figures
Secure Evaluation of Quantized Neural Networks
Creators: name: Dalskov, Anders
name: Escudero, Daniel
name: Keller, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate two questions in this paper: First, we ask to what extent "MPC friendly" models are already supported by major Machine Learning frameworks such as TensorFlow or PyTorch. Prior works provide protocols that only work on fixed-point integers and specialized activation functions, two aspects that are not supported by popular Machine Learning frameworks, and the need for these specialized model representations means that it is hard, and often impossible, to use e.g., TensorFlow to design, train and test models that later have to be evaluated securely. Second, we ask to what extent the functionality for evaluating Neural Networks already exists in general-purpose MPC frameworks. These frameworks have received more scrutiny, are better documented and supported on more platforms. Furthermore, they are typically flexible in terms of the threat model they support. In contrast, most secure evaluation protocols in the literature are targeted to a specific threat model and their implementations are only a "proof-of-concept", making it very hard for their adoption in practice. We answer both of the above questions in a positive way: We observe that the quantization techniques supported by both TensorFlow, PyTorch and MXNet can provide models in a representation that can be evaluated securely; and moreover, that this evaluation can be performed by a general purpose MPC framework. We perform extensive benchmarks to understand the exact trade-offs between different corruption models, network sizes and efficiency. These experiments provide an interesting insight into cost between active and passive security, as well as honest and dishonest majority. Our work shows then that the separating line between existing ML frameworks and existing MPC protocols may be narrower than implicitly suggested by previous works.
description: 22 pages
Additional file 1 of Discovery of dual kinase inhibitors targeting VEGFR2 and FAK: structure-based pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, and molecular docking studies
Creators: name: Fouad, Marwa A.
name: Osman, Alaa A.
name: Abdelhamid, Noha M.
name: Rashad, Mai W.
name: Nabawy, Ashrakat Y.
name: El Kerdawy, Ahmed M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: S1. Training set compounds for VEGFR2 and FAK pharmacophore model generation. S2. Test set compilation. Table S1. VEGFR2 test set active compounds. Table S2. FAK manually collected test set compounds. S3. Pharmacophore model selection and validation. Table S3. Assessment metrics of pharmacophore models performance. Table S4. VEGFR2 pharmacophore model assessment. S4. Molecular docking simulation. S4.1. Self-docking molecular docking validation. S4.1.1. Self-docking validation for VEGFR2. S4.1.2. Self-docking validation for FAK. S4.2. Docking energy score (S) in kcal/mol for the common 13 compounds in VEGFR2 and FAK binding sites.
Scattering theory of interface resistance in magnetic multilayers
Creators: name: Bauer, Gerrit E. W.
name: Schep, Kees M.
name: Xia, Ke
name: Kelly, Paul J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scattering theory of transport has to be applied with care in a diffuse environment. Here we discuss how the scattering matrices of heterointerfaces can be used to compute interface resistances of dirty magnetic multilayers. First principles calculations of these interface resistances agree well with experiments in the CPP (current perpendicular to the interface plane) configuration.
description: submitted to J. Phys. D (special issue at the occasion of Prof. T. Shinjo's 60th birthday)
The learning curves of a validated virtual reality hip arthroscopy simulator
Creators: name: Bartlett, Jonathan D.
name: Lawrence, John E.
name: Yan, Matthew
name: Guevel, Borna
name: Stewart, Max E.
name: Audenaert, Emmanuel
name: Khanduja, Vikas
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine
Virtual reality
Hip arthroscopy
Simulator
Learning curve
Training effect
Scope manipulation
Arthroscope

description: Abstract: Introduction: Decreases in trainees’ working hours, coupled with evidence of worse outcomes when hip arthroscopies are performed by inexperienced surgeons, mandate an additional means of training. Though virtual reality simulation has been adopted by other surgical specialities, its slow uptake in arthroscopic training is due to a lack of evidence as to its benefits. These benefits can be demonstrated through learning curves associated with simulator training—with practice reflecting increases in validated performance metrics. Methods: Twenty-five medical students with no previous experience of hip arthroscopy completed seven weekly simulated arthroscopies of a healthy virtual hip joint using a 70° arthroscope in the supine position. Twelve targets were visualised within the central compartment, six via the anterior portal, three via the anterolateral portal and three via the posterolateral portal. Task duration, number of collisions (bone and soft-tissue), and distance travelled by arthroscope were measured by the simulator for every session of each student. Results: Learning curves were demonstrated by the students, with improvements in time taken, number of collisions (bone and soft-tissue), collision length and efficiency of movement (all p < 0.01). Improvements in time taken, efficiency of movement and number of collisions with soft-tissue were first seen in session 3 and improvements in all other parameters were seen in session 4. No differences were found after session 5 for time taken and length of soft-tissue collision. No differences in number of collisions (bone and soft-tissue), length of collisions with bone, and efficiency of movement were found after session 6. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate learning curves for a hip arthroscopy simulator, with significant improvements seen after three sessions. All performance metrics were found to improved, demonstrating sufficient visuo-haptic consistency within the virtual environment, enabling individuals to develop basic arthroscopic skills.
PEER-EFFECTS IN OBESITY AMONG PUBLIC SCHOOL CHILDREN: A GRADE-LEVEL ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Asirvatham, Jebaraj
name: Nayga, Rodolfo M.
name: Thomsen, Michael R.
name: Asirvatham, Jebaraj
name: Nayga, Rodolfo M.
name: Thomsen, Michael R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: peer-effects
subject: obesity
subject: childhood obesity
subject: overweight

description: We examine the role of peer effects in childhood obesity outcomes by investigating whether obesity rates among the highest graders in a public school has an effect on obesity rates among younger grades. We use a panel dataset with obesity prevalence measured at the grade level. Our data are from Arkansas public schools. Results provide evidence that changes in the obesity prevalence at the highest grade are associated with changes in obesity prevalence at younger grades. The magnitude of the peer effect depends on the type of school, and we find statistically significant peer effects in both elementary and high schools but not in middle schools. These effects are also larger in high schools than in elementary schools. We use falsification tests to provide evidence that these peer effects are more than just a statistical correlation or an association.
Stato fiscale moderno e debito sovrano: un'analisi.pdf
Creators: name: Forconi, Luca
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Economics

description: L'elaborato mira a fornire una comprensione di base sulla genealogia e lo sviluppo dello stato fiscale moderno (specialmente del caso Inglese), attraverso un excursus storico e logico, incentrato sul ruolo centrale che il debito pubblico ela sovranità monetaria hanno avuto in tale processo evolutivo, e che continuano ad avere ancora oggi.
The Next-11 and the BRICs: Are They the Future Markets for Agrifood Trade?
Creators: name: Cairns, Alexander P.
name: Meilke, Karl D.
name: Cairns, Alexander P.
name: Meilke, Karl D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Next-11
subject: BRICs
subject: trade
subject: agrifood
subject: imports

description: In the mid-2000’s, Goldman Sachs identified two groups of emerging economies known as the BRICs and the Next-11. Primarily selected on the basis of having large populations, these countries were heralded as the growth centres of the future with the potential to stimulate increased demand for a wide range of commodities, including food. This study uses an import demand model to estimate how income influences per capita expenditure on agrifood imports in 63 countries. The findings suggest that as groups the BRICs and N-11 do not di↵er from other low, middle, or high income countries with respect to their import behaviour. However, disaggregation of the two groups reveals significantly larger expenditure elasticities for China, India, South Korea and Vietnam. A forecasting exercise reveals the capacity of income and population growth in China, India, Indonesia, Russia, South Korea and Vietnam to substantially increase their expenditure on imported agrifood products.
How Large Are Gender Differences in Toy Preferences? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Toy Preference Research
Creators: name: Davis, Jac T. M.
name: Hines, Melissa
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Original Paper
Gender
Children
Toys
Meta-analysis
Gender identity
Gender role

description: Funder: Gates Cambridge Trust; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100005370
description: Abstract: It is generally recognized that there are gender-related differences in children’s toy preferences. However, the magnitude of these differences has not been firmly established. Furthermore, not all studies of gender-related toy preferences find significant gender differences. These inconsistent findings could result from using different toys or methods to measure toy preferences or from studying children of different ages. Our systematic review and meta-analysis combined 113 effect sizes from 75 studies to estimate the magnitude of gender-related differences in toy preferences. We also assessed the impact of using different toys or methods to assess these differences, as well as the effect of age on gender-related toy preferences. Boys preferred boy-related toys more than girls did, and girls preferred girl-related toys more than boys did. These differences were large (d ≥ 1.60). Girls also preferred toys that researchers classified as neutral more than boys did (d = 0.29). Preferences for gender-typical over gender-atypical toys were also large and significant (d ≥ 1.20), and girls and boys showed gender-related differences of similar magnitude. When only dolls and vehicles were considered, within-sex differences were even larger and of comparable size for boys and girls. Researchers sometimes misclassified toys, perhaps contributing to an apparent gender difference in preference for neutral toys. Forced choice methods produced larger gender-related differences than other methods, and gender-related differences increased with age.
Hesperocorixa sahlbergi AT
Creators: name: Fent, Meral
name: Kment, Petr
name: Çamur-Elipek, Belgin
name: Kirgiz, Timur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Corixidae
Hesperocorixa
Hesperocorixa sahlbergi

description: Hesperocorixa sahlbergi (Fieber, 1848)
 Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Bolu province: Akçaalan env., valley under Abant Gölü [lake], small pool, ca. 1300 m a.s.l., 5.v.2004, 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
 Asian Turkey. This paper. New species for the Turkish fauna.
 General distribution. Euro-Siberian species, distributed in most of Europe, West and East Siberia, Asian part of Kazakhstan, Kirgizia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Iran (Jansson 1995, Protić 1998).
 Identification. Jansson (1986a), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Kanyukova (2006).
description: Published as part of Fent, Meral, Kment, Petr, Çamur-Elipek, Belgin & Kirgiz, Timur, 2011, Annotated catalogue of Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Turkey, with new records 2856, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 2856 (1) on page 18, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5286719
Dynamics of a two-mode Bose-Einstein condensate beyond mean-field theory
Creators: name: Anglin, J. R.
name: Vardi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of a two-mode Bose-Einstein condensate in the vicinity of a mean-field dynamical instability. Convergence to mean-field theory (MFT), with increasing total number of particles $N$, is shown to be logarithmically slow. Using a density matrix formalism rather than the conventional wavefunction methods, we derive an improved set of equations of motion for the mean-field plus the fluctuations, which goes beyond MFT and provides accurate predictions for the leading quantum corrections and the quantum break time. We show that the leading quantum corrections appear as decoherence of the reduced single-particle quantum state; we also compare this phenomenon to the effects of thermal noise. Using the rapid dephasing near an instability, we propose a method for the direct measurement of scattering lengths.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, Phys. Rev. A 64, 0136XX (2001)
A dopamine metabolite stabilizes neurotoxic amyloid-β oligomers
Creators: name: Cataldi, Rodrigo
name: Chia, Sean
name: Pisani, Katarina
name: Ruggeri, Francesco S.
name: Xu, Catherine K.
name: Šneideris, Tomas
name: Perni, Michele
name: Sarwat, Sunehera
name: Joshi, Priyanka
name: Kumita, Janet R.
name: Linse, Sara
name: Habchi, Johnny
name: Knowles, Tuomas P. J.
name: Mannini, Benedetta
name: Dobson, Christopher M.
name: Vendruscolo, Michele
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/92
/631/378
/9
/14
/13
article

description: Abstract: Aberrant soluble oligomers formed by the amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) are major pathogenic agents in the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease. A variety of biomolecules can influence the formation of these oligomers in the brain, although their mechanisms of action are still largely unknown. Here, we studied the effects on Aβ aggregation of DOPAL, a reactive catecholaldehyde intermediate of dopamine metabolism. We found that DOPAL is able to stabilize Aβ oligomeric species, including dimers and trimers, that exert toxic effects on human neuroblastoma cells, in particular increasing cytosolic calcium levels and promoting the generation of reactive oxygen species. These results reveal an interplay between Aβ aggregation and key biochemical processes regulating cellular homeostasis in the brain.
Dynamics of Graphene/Al Interfaces using COMB3 Potentials
Creators: name: Zhang, Difan
name: Fonseca, Alexandre F.
name: Liang, Tao
name: Phillpot, Simon R.
name: Sinnott, Susan B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work describes the development of a third-generation charge optimized many-body (COMB3) potential for Al-C and its application to the investigation of aluminum/graphene nanostructures. In particular, the new COMB3 potential was used to investigate the interactions of aluminum surfaces with pristine and defective graphene sheets. Classical molecular dynamics simulations were performed at temperatures of 300-900K to investigate the structural evolution of these interfaces. The results indicate that although the interfaces between Al and graphene are mostly weakly bonded, aluminum carbide can form under the right conditions, including the presence of vacancy defects in graphene, undercoordinated Al in surface regions with sharp boundaries, and at high temperatures. COMB3 potentials were further used to examine a new method to transfer graphene between Al surfaces as well as between Al and Cu surfaces by controlling the angle of the graphene between the two surfaces. The findings indicate that by controlling the peeling angles it is possible to transfer graphene without any damage from the surface having greater graphene/surface adhesion to another surface with less adhesion.
description: This is the version of the manuscript submitted for publication
A Test For Varying G
Creators: name: Sidharth, B. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we consider a variable $G$ cosmology which is consistent with observation and which had successfully predicted an ever expanding accelerating universe. It is shown that the observed shortening of the orbital periods of binary pulsars is also in good agreement with this model.
description: 5 pages, TeX,Addendum to the paper,Nuovo Cimento,115B 12(2), 2000,pp.115ff
Hydrodynamic Models of Line-Driven Accretion Disk Winds III: Local Ionization Equilibrium
Creators: name: Pereyra, Nicolas A.
name: Kallman, Timothy R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present time-dependent numerical hydrodynamic models of line-driven accretion disk winds in cataclysmic variable systems and calculate wind mass-loss rates and terminal velocities. The models are 2.5-dimensional, include an energy balance condition with radiative heating and cooling processes, and includes local ionization equilibrium introducing time dependence and spatial dependence on the line radiation force parameters. The radiation field is assumed to originate in an optically thick accretion disk. Wind ion populations are calculated under the asumption that local ionization equilibrium is determined by photoionization and radiative recombination, similar to a photoionized nebula. We find a steady wind flowing from the accretion disk. Radiative heating tends to maintain the temperature in the higher density wind regions near the disk surface, rather than cooling adiabatically. For a disk luminosity Ldisk = Lsun, white dwarf mass Mwd = 0.6 Msun, and white dwarf radii Rwd = 0.01 Rsun, we obtain a wind mass-loss rate of dMwind/dt =4E-12 Msun/yr, and a terminal velocity of ~ 3000 km/s. These results confirm the general velocity and density tructures found in our earlier constant ionization equilibrium adiabatic CV wind models. Further we establish here 2.5D numerical models that can be extended to QSO/AGN winds where the local ionization equilibrium will play a crucial role in the overall dynamics.
description: 43 pages, 12 figures, to be published in The Astrophysical Journal
Mechanism of strain relaxation: key to control of structural and electronic transitions in VO2 thin-films
Creators: name: Moatti, Adele
name: Ritesh Sachan
name: Narayan, Jagdish
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: VO2 is a smart transition-metal oxide, which exhibits a tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transition at ∼ 68°C. We report a case where both tetragonal and monoclinic phases exist in relaxed and strained domains, respectively, above the transition temperature. The epitaxial nucleation of these relaxed domains of VO2 over the strained one occurs when the critical thickness criterion is met through the emergence of interfacial dislocations under domain-matching epitaxy paradigm. Below this critical thickness, the film isostructurally (across the transition temperature range) adopts a strained-monoclinic phase. Above the critical thickness, domains are structurally free to transform from tetragonal to monoclinic. We studied formation and atomic-scale characterization of a novel heterostructure of relaxed (tetragonal/monoclinic) and unrelaxed (monoclinic) VO2 phases. The monoclinic-to-tetragonal structural transition occurs at the critical thickness of ∼15 nm.
Additional file 1 of The impact of kidney function on plasma neurofilament light and phospho-tau 181 in a community-based cohort: the Shanghai Aging Study
Creators: name: Wu, Jie
name: Xiao, Zhenxu
name: Wang, Mengjing
name: Wu, Wanqing
name: Ma, Xiaoxi
name: Liang, Xiaoniu
name: Zheng, Li
name: Ding, Saineng
name: Luo, Jianfeng
name: Cao, Yang
name: Hong, Zhen
name: Chen, Jing
name: Zhao, Qianhua
name: Ding, Ding
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Marine Biology
Cancer
Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Profile of plasma biomarker levels and neuropsychological test scores in participants with different cognition diagnosis and eGFR levels. Figure S1. Correlation between renal function-related indicators and plasma NfL and P-tau181 levels.
Drosophila para bss Flies as a Screening Model for Traditional Medicine: Anticonvulsant Effects of Annona senegalensis
Creators: name: Dare, Samuel S.
name: Merlo, Emiliano
name: Rodriguez Curt, Jesus
name: Ekanem, Peter E.
name: Hu, Nan
name: Berni, Jimena
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Neurology
Annona senegalensis
bang sensitive
Drosophila melanogaster
epilepsy
parabss
phenytoin
seizure
eas2F

description: Epilepsy is among the most common serious neurological disorders and affects around 50 million people worldwide, 80% of which live in developing countries. Despite the introduction of several new Anti-Epileptic Drugs (AEDs) in the last two decades, one third of treated patients have seizures refractory to pharmacotherapy. This highlights the need to develop new treatments with drugs targeting alternative seizure-induction mechanisms. Traditional medicine (TM) is used for the treatment of epilepsy in many developing countries and could constitute an affordable and accessible alternative to AEDs, but a lack of pre-clinical and clinical testing has so far prevented its wider acceptance worldwide. In this study we used Drosophila melanogaster paralytic bangsensitive (parabss) mutants as a model for epileptic seizure screening and tested, for the first time, the anti-seizure effect of a non-commercial AED. We evaluated the effect of the African custard-apple, Annona senegalensis, which is commonly used as a TM for the treatment of epilepsy in rural Africa, and compared it with the classical AED phenytoin. Our results showed that a stem bark extract from A. senegalensis was significantly more effective than a leaf extract and similar to phenytoin in the prevention and control of seizure-like behavior. These results support that Drosophila constitutes a robust animal model for the screening of TM with potential value for the treatment of intractable epilepsy.
The Influence of Market Returns and Government Payments on Canadian Farmland Values
Creators: name: Vyn, Richard J.
name: Haq, Zahoor Ul
name: Weerahewa, Jeevika
name: Meilke, Karl D.
name: Vyn, Richard J.
name: Haq, Zahoor Ul
name: Weerahewa, Jeevika
name: Meilke, Karl D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Farmland Values
subject: Government Payments
subject: Market Returns JEL Classifications:

description: This study estimates the impact of changes in market returns and government payments on farmland values across Canada using data from 1959 to 2009. A recursive simultaneous equation model is estimated to account for the counter-cyclical relationship between market returns and government payments. The results indicate that farmland values are more responsive to changes in market returns than in government payments, but both are important drivers of land values. The elasticity of land values with respect to government payments is lower than has been observed in the United States. In addition, the partial decoupling of government payments has not reduced their impact on farmland values.--------------------------------------------Revised and published as: Vyn, Richard J., Zahoor Ul Haq, Jeevika Weerahewa and Karl D. Meilke. 2012. “The Influence of Market Returns and Government Payments on Canadian Farmland Values. Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 37(2):199-212.
Sarcopenia: A Time for Action. An SCWD Position Paper
Creators: name: Juergen Bauer
name: Morley, John
name: Schols, Annemie
name: Ferrucci, Luigi
name: Cruz‐Jentoft, Alonzo
name: Dent, Elsa
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The term sarcopenia was introduced in 1988. The original definition was a “muscle loss” of the appendicular muscle mass in the older people as measured by dual energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA). In 2010, the definition was altered to be low muscle mass together with low muscle function and this was agreed upon as reported in a number of consensus papers. The Society of Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders supports the recommendations of more recent consensus conferences, i.e. that rapid screening, such as with the SARC‐F questionnaire, should be utilized with a formal diagnosis being made by measuring grip strength or chair stand together with DXA estimation of appendicular muscle mass (indexed for height2). Assessments of the utility of ultrasound and creatine dilution techniques are ongoing. Use of ultrasound may not be easily reproducible. Primary sarcopenia is aging associated (mediated) loss of muscle mass. Secondary sarcopenia (or disease‐related sarcopenia) has predominantly focused on loss of muscle mass without the emphasis on muscle function. Diseases that can cause muscle wasting (i.e. secondary sarcopenia) include malignant cancer, COPD, heart failure, and renal failure and others. Management of sarcopenia should consist of resistance exercise in combination with a protein intake of 1 to 1.5 g/kg/day. There is insufficient evidence that vitamin D and anabolic steroids are beneficial. These recommendations apply to both primary (age‐related) sarcopenia and secondary (disease related) sarcopenia. Secondary sarcopenia also needs appropriate treatment of the underlying disease. It is important that primary care health professionals become aware of and make the diagnosis of age‐related and disease‐related sarcopenia. It is important to address the risk factors for sarcopenia, particularly low physical activity and sedentary behavior in the general population, using a life‐long approach. There is a need for more clinical research into the appropriate measurement for muscle mass and the management of sarcopenia. Accordingly, this position statement provides recommendations on the management of sarcopenia and how to progress the knowledge and recognition of sarcopenia.
Cite as:Bauer, J., Morley, J., Schols, A., Ferrucci, L., Cruz‐Jentoft, A., & Dent, E. (2019). Sarcopenia: A Time for Action. An SCWD Position Paper. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle.
Relazione stato fiscale def- Luca Forconi.pdf
Creators: name: Forconi, Luca
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Economics

description: L'elaborato mira a fornire una comprensione di base sulla genealogia e lo sviluppo dello stato fiscale moderno (specialmente del caso Inglese), attraverso un excursus storico e logico, incentrato sul ruolo centrale che il debito pubblico ela sovranità monetaria hanno avuto in tale processo evolutivo, e che continuano ad avere ancora oggi.
Achieving functional neuronal dendrite structure through sequential stochastic growth and retraction
Creators: name: Ferreira Castro, André
name: Baltruschat, Lothar
name: Stürner, Tomke
name: Bahrami, Amirhoushang
name: Jedlicka, Peter
name: Tavosanis, Gaia
name: Cuntz, Hermann
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Developmental Biology
Neuroscience
dendrite function
dendrite growth
dendrite retraction
mechanotransduction
self-organisation
computer model
D. melanogaster

description: Class I ventral posterior dendritic arborisation (c1vpda) proprioceptive sensory neurons respond to contractions in the Drosophila larval body wall during crawling. Their dendritic branches run along the direction of contraction, possibly a functional requirement to maximise membrane curvature during crawling contractions. Although the molecular machinery of dendritic patterning in c1vpda has been extensively studied, the process leading to the precise elaboration of their comb-like shapes remains elusive. Here, to link dendrite shape with its proprioceptive role, we performed long-term, non-invasive, in vivo time-lapse imaging of c1vpda embryonic and larval morphogenesis to reveal a sequence of differentiation stages. We combined computer models and dendritic branch dynamics tracking to propose that distinct sequential phases of stochastic growth and retraction achieve efficient dendritic trees both in terms of wire and function. Our study shows how dendrite growth balances structure–function requirements, shedding new light on general principles of self-organisation in functionally specialised dendrites.
An Empirical Investigation into the Determinants of Trade Policy Bias
Creators: name: Hink, Matthew J.
name: Cardwell, Ryan T.
name: Lawley, Chad
name: Hink, Matthew J.
name: Cardwell, Ryan T.
name: Lawley, Chad
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: trade
subject: policy
subject: bias

description: There exists an extensive literature that attempts to identify important factors that determine trade policies. An understanding of these important factors could be useful when negotiating trade agreements, especially in agriculture, which is a relatively heavily supported industry. Limao and Panagariya (L&P, 2007) modify Grossman and Helpman’s (G&H, 1994) lobbying model in an attempt to understand why anti-trade bias (as opposed to pro-trade bias, which is predicted by the G&H (1994) model) is the predominant pattern in observed trade policy. L&P (2007) propose that governments seek to reduce inequality between sectors by modifying trade policies in a way that reallocates gross revenue from the larger to the smaller sector. We use measures of trade bias calculated in the World Bank Distortions to Agricultural Incentives database (Anderson and Valenzuela, 2008) in an effort to explain trade bias in agriculture. We find little empirical evidence that governments pursue agricultural trade policies to reduce inequality between net-importing and net-exporting sectors in agriculture. Lagged trade policies are significant determinants of current trade-distorting policy, suggesting the presence of policy persistence. We conclude that it is difficult to generalise determinants of trade-distorting policy across a wide and long panel of countries, and that specific knowledge of governments’ priorities are required to explain trade bias.
Density of states in d-wave superconductors disordered by extended impurities
Creators: name: Adagideli, Inanc
name: Sheehy, Daniel E.
name: Goldbart, Paul M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-energy quasiparticle states of a disordered d-wave superconductor are investigated theoretically. A class of such states, formed via tunneling between the Andreev bound states that are localized around extended impurities (and result from scattering between pair-potential lobes that differ in sign) is identified. Its (divergent) contribution to the total density of states is determined by taking advantage of connections with certain one-dimensional random tight-binding models. The states under discussion should be distinguished from those associated with nodes in the pair potential.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
A non-degenerate scattering theory for the wave equation on extremal Reissner-Nordstrom
Creators: name: Angelopoulos, Yannis
name: Aretakis, Stefanos
name: Gajic, Dejan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that sub-extremal black hole backgrounds do not admit a (bijective) non-degenerate scattering theory in the exterior region due to the fact that the redshift effect at the event horizon acts as an unstable blueshift mechanism in the backwards direction. In the extremal case, however, the redshift effect degenerates and hence yields a much milder blueshift effect when viewed in the backwards direction. In this paper, we construct a definitive (bijective) non-degenerate scattering theory for the wave equation on extremal Reissner-Nordstrom backgrounds. We make use of physical-space energy norms which are non-degenerate both at the event horizon and at null infinity. As an application of our theory we present a construction of a large class of smooth exponentially decaying modes. We also derive scattering results in the black hole interior region.
description: 71 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 1 of Efficient production of 1,2,4-butanetriol from corn cob hydrolysate by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Li, Ping
name: Wang, Mengjiao
name: Di, Haiyan
name: Du, Qihang
name: Zhang, Yipeng
name: Tan, Xiaoxu
name: Xu, Ping
name: Gao, Chao
name: Jiang, Tianyi
name: Lü, Chuanjuan
name: Ma, Cuiqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file1: Table S1. The primers used in this study. Figure S1. Effect of gene ptsG deletion on byproducts generation during 1,2,4-BT production from xylose. Figure S2. Selection of integration site of xylBC to increase 1,2,4-BT production. Figure S3. Effect of pgi deletion on byproducts generation during 1,2,4-BT production from xylose.
Niche derived netrin-1 regulates hematopoietic stem cell dormancy via its receptor neogenin-1
Creators: name: Renders, Simon
name: Svendsen, Arthur Flohr
name: Panten, Jasper
name: Rama, Nicolas
name: Maryanovich, Maria
name: Sommerkamp, Pia
name: Ladel, Luisa
name: Redavid, Anna Rita
name: Gibert, Benjamin
name: Lazare, Seka
name: Ducarouge, Benjamin
name: Schönberger, Katharina
name: Narr, Andreas
name: Tourbez, Manon
name: Dethmers-Ausema, Bertien
name: Zwart, Erik
name: Hotz-Wagenblatt, Agnes
name: Zhang, Dachuan
name: Korn, Claudia
name: Zeisberger, Petra
name: Przybylla, Adriana
name: Sohn, Markus
name: Mendez-Ferrer, Simon
name: Heikenwälder, Mathias
name: Brune, Maik
name: Klimmeck, Daniel
name: Bystrykh, Leonid
name: Frenette, Paul S.
name: Mehlen, Patrick
name: De Haan, Gerald
name: Cabezas-Wallscheid, Nina
name: Trumpp, Andreas
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/443/7
/631/532/1542
/631/532/2441
/631/532/2139
/13/31
/38/91
/13/51
/13/100
/13/106
/14/19
/64/60
article

description: Funder: Studienstiftung des Deutschen Volkes (German National Academic Foundation); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004350
description: Funder: Heinrich F.C. Behr Stiftung
description: Funder: Dietmar Hopp Stiftung; doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100005941
description: Abstract: Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are characterized by their self-renewal potential associated to dormancy. Here we identify the cell surface receptor neogenin-1 as specifically expressed in dormant HSCs. Loss of neogenin-1 initially leads to increased HSC expansion but subsequently to loss of self-renewal and premature exhaustion in vivo. Its ligand netrin-1 induces Egr1 expression and maintains quiescence and function of cultured HSCs in a Neo1 dependent manner. Produced by arteriolar endothelial and periarteriolar stromal cells, conditional netrin-1 deletion in the bone marrow niche reduces HSC numbers, quiescence and self-renewal, while overexpression increases quiescence in vivo. Ageing associated bone marrow remodelling leads to the decline of netrin-1 expression in niches and a compensatory but reversible upregulation of neogenin-1 on HSCs. Our study suggests that niche produced netrin-1 preserves HSC quiescence and self-renewal via neogenin-1 function. Decline of netrin-1 production during ageing leads to the gradual decrease of Neo1 mediated HSC self-renewal.
Universal angular magnetoresistance and spin torque in ferromagnetic/normal metal hybrids
Creators: name: Bauer, Gerrit E. W.
name: Tserkovnyak, Yaroslav
name: Huertas-Hernando, Daniel
name: Brataas, Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electrical resistance of ferromagnetic/normal-metal (F/N) heterostructures depends on the nature of the junctions which may be tunnel barriers, point contacts, or intermetallic interfaces. For all junction types, the resistance of disordered F/N/F perpendicular spin valves as a function of the angle between magnetization vectors is shown to obey a simple universal law. The spin-current induced magnetization torque can be measured by the angular magnetoresistance of these spin valves. The results are generalized to arbitrary magnetoelectronic circuits.
Demand Analysis for Air Passenger Service in U.S. City-Pair Markets
Creators: name: Chi, Junwook
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Lim, Siew H.
name: Chi, Junwook
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Lim, Siew H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Public Economics

description: With single- and multi-segment market data, this paper used a heteroskedasticity-adjusted instrumental variable technique to explore the determinants of air passenger service. The results showed that price played a more prominent role than income in both single- and multi-segment markets. The results further indicated that demand of air passengers is price elastic and rises as distance increases. We found evidence that population, tourism, and business factors were significant predictors of demand. Tourism has a larger impact than the local Professional Scientific Technical (PST) industry earnings on airline demand in single-segment markets, while the inverse relationship is found in multi-segment markets. Based on these results, policymakers should focus on continuation, growth, and improvement of their air transportation infrastructure in metropolitan areas that have a high demand for business travel as well as vacation travel.
A CD8 + NK cell transcriptomic signature associated with clinical outcome in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: McKinney, Eoin F.
name: Cuthbertson, Iona
name: Harris, Kristina M.
name: Smilek, Dawn E.
name: Connor, Christopher
name: Manferrari, Giulia
name: Carr, Edward J.
name: Zamvil, Scott S.
name: Smith, Kenneth G. C.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/378/371
/692/617/375/1666
/45/91
/38
article

description: Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with the majority of cases characterised by relapsing/remitting (RRMS) attacks of neurologic dysfunction followed by variable resolution. Improving clinical outcomes in RRMS requires both a better understanding of the immunological mechanisms driving recurrent demyelination and better means of predicting future disease course to facilitate early targeted therapy. Here, we apply hypothesis-generating network transcriptomics to CD8+ cells isolated from patients in RRMS, identifying a signature reflecting expansion of a subset of CD8+ natural killer cells (NK8+) associated with favourable outcome. NK8+ are capable of regulating CD4+ T cell activation and proliferation in vitro, with reduced expression of HLA-G binding inhibitory receptors and consequent reduced sensitivity to HLA-G-mediated suppression. We identify surrogate markers of the NK8+ signature in peripheral blood leucocytes and validate their association with clinical outcome in an independent cohort, suggesting their measurement may facilitate early, targeted therapy in RRMS.
Sigara (Retrocorixa) limitata subsp. limitata limitata (Fieber 1848
Creators: name: Fent, Meral
name: Kment, Petr
name: Çamur-Elipek, Belgin
name: Kirgiz, Timur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Corixidae
Sigara
Sigara limitata
Sigara (retrocorixa) limitata limitata (fieber, 1848)

description: Sigara (Retrocorixa) limitata limitata (Fieber, 1848)
(Figs. 9–10)
 Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Suakacağı village (loc. 35), 1 ♂ 1 ♀, M. Fent det. (TUET). ASIAN TURKEY: Ardahan province: 12 km E ŞavŞat, Çam Geçidi [pass] (N 41°12.0' E 42°30.6'), 2430–2485 m a.s.l., steppes and pastures on N slope, ruins of stony shelters near the stream, small tanks, 2.– 3.vii.2004, 1 ♂ (Figs. 9–10) 2 ♀♀, J. Hájek & J. Růžička lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
 European Turkey. Kment et al. (2005); this paper.
 Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995), Önder et al. (2006); this paper.
 Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, as S. (Sigara) limitata), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Kanyukova (2006).
 General distribution. Distributed in most of European countries, Anatolia, Georgia, Asian part of Kazakhstan, and West Siberia (Jansson 1995, Protić 1998, Gogala 2003, Kanyukova 2008, Prokin et al. 2009).
 Comment. The examined male from ‘ Çam Geçidi’ differs remarkably in the arangement of palar pegs from the typical specimens of the species, but as there is also a large difference between the right and left pala of the same specimen (Figs. 9–10) and the remaining characters fits this species, we interpret this specimen as a case of teratology.
 Identification. Jansson (1986a), Kanyukova (2006).
 Subgenus Sigara s. str.
description: Published as part of Fent, Meral, Kment, Petr, Çamur-Elipek, Belgin & Kirgiz, Timur, 2011, Annotated catalogue of Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Turkey, with new records 2856, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 2856 (1) on page 21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5286719
Discrimination of Quark Stars from Neutron Stars in Quadrupole Oscillations
Creators: name: Kojima, Yasufumi
name: Sakata, Koh-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The frequencies and damping times due to gravitational radiation are calculated for self-bound quark star models. The results are compared with those for neutron star models. They are markedly contrasted in less relativistic cases. The distinction derived here from a simple model of quark stars may be relevant to the future theoretical and observational studies, since the oscillation properties essentially depend on the mass and radius of an equilibrium star.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Prog. Theor. Phys
Fibromodulin and regulation of the intricate balance between myoblast differentiation to myocytes or adipocyte-like cells
Creators: name: Ahmad, Khurshid
name: Lee, Eun Ju
name: Jan, Arif Tasleem
name: Baig, Mohammad Hassan
name: Adeel Malik
name: Rabbani, Gulam
name: Taeyeon Kim
name: Lee, In-Kyu
name: Lee, Yong Ho
name: Park, So-Young
name: Inho Choi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60199 Biochemistry and Cell Biology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 60103 Cell Development, Proliferation and Death
subject: 60104 Cell Metabolism

description: Interactions between myoblasts and the surrounding microenvironment led us to explore the role offibromodulin (FMOD), an extracellular matrix protein, in the maintenance of myoblast stemness and function.Microarray analysis of FMODkd myoblasts and in silico studies were used to identify the top most differentiallyexpressed genes in FMODkd, and helped establish that FMOD-based regulations of integralmembrane protein 2aand clusterin are essential components of the myogenic program. Studies in knockout, obese, and diabetic mousemodels helped characterize the operation of a novel FMOD-based regulatory circuit that controls myoblastswitching from a myogenic to a lipid accumulation fate. FMOD regulation of myoblasts is an essential part of themyogenic program, and it offers opportunities for the development of therapeutics for the treatment of differentmuscle diseases