cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
5th portuguese meting of the Regional Agroforestry Innovation network (RAIN) of the AFINET project - 5ª reunião da rede regional de inovação agroflorestal (RAIN) do projeto AFNET
Creators: name: Paulo, Joana Amaral
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Innovation broker
Portugal
farmer
stakeholder
agroforestry
factsheets
agricultor
produtor
sistemas agroflorestais
folhas informativas

description: Apresentação da 5ª reunião da RAIN do projeto AFINET
Scattering Quantum Random Walks on Square Grids and Randomly Generated Mazes
Creators: name: Koch, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Scattering Quantum Random Walk scheme has found success as a basis for search algorithms on highly symmetric graph structures. In this paper we examine its effectiveness at locating a specially marked vertex on square grid graphs, consisting of N$^2$ nodes. We simulate these quantum systems using classical computational methods, and find that the probability distributions that arise are very favorable for a hybrid quantum / classical algorithm. We then examine how this hybrid algorithm handles varying types of randomness in both location of the special vertex and later random obstacles placed throughout the geometry, showing that that the algorithm is resilient to both cases.
Hairy Black Holes, Horizon Mass and Solitons
Creators: name: Ashtekar, Abhay
name: Corichi, Alejandro
name: Sudarsky, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Properties of the horizon mass of hairy black holes are discussed with emphasis on certain subtle and initially unexpected features. A key property suggests that hairy black holes may be regarded as `bound states' of ordinary black holes without hair and colored solitons. This model is then used to predict the qualitative behavior of the horizon properties of hairy black holes, to provide a physical `explanation' of their instability and to put qualitative constraints on the end point configurations that result from this instability. The available numerical calculations support these predictions. Furthermore, the physical arguments are robust and should be applicable also in more complicated situations where detailed numerical work is yet to be carried out.
description: 25 pages, 5 (new) figures. Revtex file. Final version to appear in CQG
MOESM16 of Utility of 5-(furan-2-yl)-3-(p-tolyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds with antimicrobial activity
Creators: name: Abdelhamid, Abdou
name: Sayed, Ibrahim El
name: Zaki, Yasser
name: Hussein, Ahmed
name: Mangoud Mangoud
name: Hosny, Mona
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 16: Figure S16. 1H NMR, Mass and IR spectra of compound (15).
Mass and Light in the Universe
Creators: name: Wilson, Gillian
name: Kaiser, Nick
name: Luppino, Gerard A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a weak lensing and photometric study of six half by half degree fields observed at the CFHT using the UH8K CCD mosaic camera. The fields were observed for a total of 2 hours each in I and V, resulting in catalogs containing ~ 20 000 galaxies per passband per field. We use V-I color and I magnitude to select bright early type galaxies at redshifts 0.1 < z < 0.9. We measure the gravitational shear from faint galaxies in the range 21 < m_I < 25 from a composite catalog and find a strong correlation with that predicted from the early types if they trace the mass with mass-to-light ratio 300\pm75 h (in solar units) for a flat (Omega_m0 = 0.3, Omega_l0 = 0.7) lambda cosmology and 400\pm100 h for Einstein-de Sitter. We make two-dimensional reconstructions of the mass surface density. Cross-correlation of the measured mass surface density with that predicted from the early type galaxy distribution shows a strong peak at zero lag (significant at the 5.2-sigma level). We azimuthally average the cross- and auto-correlation functions. We conclude that the profiles are consistent with early type galaxies tracing mass on scales of > 45 arcsec (> 200 kpc at z = 0.5). We sub-divide our bright early type galaxies by redshift and obtain similar conclusions. These mass-to-light ratios imply Ω_m0 = 0.10\pm0.02 (Ω_m0 = 0.13\pm0.03 for Einstein-de Sitter) of closure density.
description: 27 pages, 19 figs (4 ps, 15 gif), 4 tables, accepted for publication in Ap.J. (email Gillian for better resolution ps versions of gif greyscale plots)
Quantum disorder versus order-out-of-disorder in the Kugel-Khomskii model
Creators: name: Feiner, Louis Felix
name: Oles, Andrzej M.
name: Zaanen, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kugel-Khomskii model, the simplest model for orbital degenerate magnetic insulators, exhibits a zero temperature degeneracy in the classical limit which could cause genuine quantum disorder. Khaliullin and Oudovenko [Phys. Rev. B 56, R14 243 (1997)] suggested recently that instead a particular classical state could be stabilized by quantum fluctuations. Here we compare their approach with standard random phase approximation and show that it strongly underestimates the strength of the quantum fluctuations, shedding doubts on the survival of any classical state.
description: 4 pages, ReVTeX, 4 figures
Understanding the Dataset Practitioners Behind Large Language Model Development
Creators: name: Qian, Crystal
name: Reif, Emily
name: Kahng, Minsuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As large language models (LLMs) become more advanced and impactful, it is increasingly important to scrutinize the data that they rely upon and produce. What is it to be a dataset practitioner doing this work? We approach this in two parts: first, we define the role of "dataset practitioners" by performing a retrospective analysis on the responsibilities of teams contributing to LLM development at a technology company, Google. Then, we conduct semi-structured interviews with a cross-section of these practitioners (N=10). We find that although data quality is a top priority, there is little consensus around what data quality is and how to evaluate it. Consequently, practitioners either rely on their own intuition or write custom code to evaluate their data. We discuss potential reasons for this phenomenon and opportunities for alignment.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. To be published in In Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '24). Revised to reflect updates from CHI LBW reviewer feedback
Paper III
Creators: name: DAILU GUAN
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70201 Animal Breeding
subject: FOS: Animal and dairy science

description: BackgroundIn this work, our aim was to generate a map of the copy number variations (CNV) segregating in a population of Murciano-Granadina goats, the most important dairy breed in Spain, and to ascertain the main biological functions of the genes that map to copy number variable regions.ResultsUsing a dataset that comprised 1036 Murciano-Granadina goats genotyped with the Goat SNP50 BeadChip, we were able to detect 4617 and 7750 autosomal CNV with the PennCNV and QuantiSNP software, respectively. By applying the EnsembleCNV algorithm, these CNV were assembled into 1461 CNV regions (CNVR), of which 486 (33.3% of the total CNVR count) were consistently called by PennCNV and QuantiSNP and used in subsequent analyses. In this set of 486 CNVR, we identified 78 gain, 353 loss and 55 gain/loss events. The total length of all the CNVR (95.69 Mb) represented 3.9% of the goat autosomal genome (2466.19 Mb), whereas their size ranged from 2.0 kb to 11.1 Mb, with an average size of 196.89 kb. Functional annotation of the genes that overlapped with the CNVR revealed an enrichment of pathways related with olfactory transduction (fold-enrichment = 2.33, q-value = 1.61 × 10−10), ABC transporters (fold-enrichment = 5.27, q-value = 4.27 × 10−04) and bile secretion (fold-enrichment = 3.90, q-value = 5.70 × 10−03).ConclusionsA previous study reported that the average number of CNVR per goat breed was ~ 20 (978 CNVR/50 breeds), which is much smaller than the number we found here (486 CNVR). We attribute this difference to the fact that the previous study included multiple caprine breeds that were represented by small to moderate numbers of individuals. Given the low frequencies of CNV (in our study, the average frequency of CNV is 1.44%), such a design would probably underestimate the levels of the diversity of CNV at the within-breed level. We also observed that functions related with sensory perception, metabolism and embryo development are overrepresented in the set of genes that overlapped with CNV, and that these loci often belong to large multigene families with tens, hundreds or thousands of paralogous members, a feature that could favor the occurrence of duplications or deletions by non-allelic homologous recombination.
A coherent approach to Spacetime Foam
Creators: name: Garattini, Remo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A coherent superposition of N Schwarzschild wormholes is proposed as a model for spacetime foam. Following the subtraction procedure for manifolds with boundaries, we calculate by variational methods the Casimir energy. A proposal for an alternative foamy model formed by N Schwarzschild-Anti-de Sitter wormholes is here considered. Finally, a conjecture about the foam evolution is proposed.
description: 3 pages. To be submitted to the proceedings of the 3rd Workshop of `Mysteries, Puzzles And Paradoxes In Quantum Mechanics' Gargnano (Italy), 17-23 September 2000
A Near-Infrared Stellar Census of Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxies: The Wolf-Rayet Galaxy I Zw 36
Creators: name: Schulte-Ladbeck, Regina E.
name: Hopp, Ulrich
name: Greggio, Laura
name: Crone, Mary M.
name: Drozdovsky, Igor O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of near-IR imaging in J and H, of I Zw 36 ($\approx$Z$_{\odot}$/14) with the Hubble Space Telescope. Whereas imaging with the pre-COSTAR Faint Object Camera (FOC) previously resolved hot and massive stars in the near-UV, the NICMOS data furnish a census of the cool, intermediate- and low-mass stars. There clearly was star formation in I Zw 36 prior to the activity which earned it its Blue Compact Dwarf/Wolf-Rayet galaxy classification. The detection of luminous, asymptotic giant branch stars requires that stars formed vigorously several hundred Myr ago. The well-populated red giant branch indicates stars with ages of at least 1-2 Gyr (and possibly older than 10 Gyr). We use the tip-of-the-red-giant-branch method to derive a distance of $\geq$5.8 Mpc. This is the third in a series of papers on near-IR---resolved Blue Compact Dwarf galaxies. We notice that the color-magnitude diagrams of VII Zw 403, Mrk 178, and I Zw 36 do not exhibit the gaps expected from an episodic mode of star formation. Using simulated color-magnitude diagrams we demonstrate for I Zw 36 that star formation did not stop for more than a few 10$^8$ yrs over the past 10$^9$ yrs, and discuss the implications of this result.
description: accepted for publication in the AJ
Crisis talk: analysis of the public debate around the energy crisis and cost of living
Creators: name: Panchendrarajan, Rrubaa
name: Popova, Geri
name: Russell-Rose, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A prominent media topic in the UK in the early 2020s is the energy crisis affecting the UK and most of Europe. It brings into a single public debate issues of energy dependency and sustainability, fair distribution of economic burdens and cost of living, as well as climate change, risk, and sustainability. In this paper, we investigate the public discourse around the energy crisis and cost of living to identify how these pivotal and contradictory issues are reconciled in this debate and to identify which social actors are involved and the role they play. We analyse a document corpus retrieved from UK newspapers from January 2014 to March 2023. We apply a variety of natural language processing and data visualisation techniques to identify key topics, novel trends, critical social actors, and the role they play in the debate, along with the sentiment associated with those actors and topics. We combine automated techniques with manual discourse analysis to explore and validate the insights revealed in this study. The findings verify the utility of these techniques by providing a flexible and scalable pipeline for discourse analysis and providing critical insights for cost of living - energy crisis nexus research.
Inelastic quantum transport in superlattices: success and failure of the Boltzmann equation
Creators: name: Wacker, A.
name: Jauho, A. -P.
name: Rott, S.
name: Markus, A.
name: Binder, P.
name: D"ohler, G. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrical transport in semiconductor superlattices is studied within a fully self-consistent quantum transport model based on nonequilibrium Green functions, including phonon and impurity scattering. We compute both the drift velocity-field relation and the momentum distribution function covering the whole field range from linear response to negative differential conductivity. The quantum results are compared with the respective results obtained from a Monte Carlo solution of the Boltzmann equation. Our analysis thus sets the limits of validity for the semiclassical theory in a nonlinear transport situation in the presence of inelastic scattering.
description: final version with minor changes, to appear in Physical Review Letters, sceduled tentatively for July, 26 (1999)
On the Incommensurate Phase of Pure and Doped Spin-Peierls System CuGeO_3
Creators: name: Bhattacharjee, Somendra M.
name: Nattermann, Thomas
name: Ronnewinkel, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phases and phase transitions in pure and doped spin-Peierls system CuGeO_3 are considered on the basis of a Landau-theory. In particular we discuss the critical behaviour, the soliton width and the low temperature specific heat of the incommensurate phase. We show, that dilution leads always to the destruction of long range order in this phase, which is replaced by an algebraic decay of correlations if the disorder is weak.
description: 4 pages revtex, no figures
Optical detection of spin orbit torque and current induced heating
Creators: name: Marui, Yukihiro
name: Kawaguchi, Masashi
name: Hayashi, Masamitsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied spin orbit torque in heavy metal (HM)/ferromagnetic metal (FM) bilayers using magneto-optical Kerr effect. A double modulation technique is developed to separate signals from spin orbit torque and Joule heating. At a current density of ~1x10$^{10}$ A/m$^2$, we observe optical signals that scale linearly and quadratically with the current density, both in similar magnitude. The spin orbit torque estimated using this technique is consistent with that evaluated using spin transport measurements. We find that changes in the refractive index of the film with temperature is the main source of the heating induced signal.
MOESM14 of Utility of 5-(furan-2-yl)-3-(p-tolyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds with antimicrobial activity
Creators: name: Abdelhamid, Abdou
name: Sayed, Ibrahim El
name: Zaki, Yasser
name: Hussein, Ahmed
name: Mangoud Mangoud
name: Hosny, Mona
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 14: Figure S14. 1H NMR and Mass spectra of compound (13).
Possible measurement of Quintessence and density parameter using strong gravitational lensing events
Creators: name: Futamase, Toshifumi
name: Yoshida, Shijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a possible measurement of the time variability of the vacuum energy using strong gravitational lensing events. As an example we take an Einstein cross lens HST 14176+5226 and demonstrate that the measurement of the velocity dispersion with the accuracy of $\pm$ 5 km/sec will have a chance to determine the time dependence of the vacuum energy as well as the density parameter with the accuracy of order 0.1 if one fixes the lens model.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Progress of Theoretical Physics
MOESM15 of Utility of 5-(furan-2-yl)-3-(p-tolyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds with antimicrobial activity
Creators: name: Abdelhamid, Abdou
name: Sayed, Ibrahim El
name: Zaki, Yasser
name: Hussein, Ahmed
name: Mangoud Mangoud
name: Hosny, Mona
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 15: Figure S15. 1H NMR and Mass spectra of compound (14).
A systematic study of the factors affecting central depletion in nuclei
Creators: name: Saxena, G.
name: Kumawat, M.
name: Agrawal, B. K.
name: Aggarwal, Mamta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic study of the central depletion of proton density has been performed in the isotonic chains of nuclei with neutron numbers $N = 20$ and $28$ using different variants of the relativistic mean-field (RMF) models. These models include either the non-linear contributions from the mesons with the coupling constants being density independent or the non-linearity of the mesonic fields realized through the density dependent coupling strengths. The central depletion in deformed nuclei tends to disappear irrespective of the occupancy of $2s_{1/2}$ state in contrast to the spherical nuclei in which the unoccupancy of $2s_{1/2}$ state leads to the central depletion. Due to the differences in the strength of spin-orbit potentials in these models, the central depletions are found to be model dependent. The influence of the central depletion on the neutron-skin thickness is also investigated. It appears that the effects of the central depletion do not percolate far enough to display its finger prints on the trends of the neutron-skin thickness.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, Accepted in Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
Take It, Leave It, or Fix It: Measuring Productivity and Trust in Human-AI Collaboration
Creators: name: Qian, Crystal
name: Wexler, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although recent developments in generative AI have greatly enhanced the capabilities of conversational agents such as Google's Gemini (formerly Bard) or OpenAI's ChatGPT, it's unclear whether the usage of these agents aids users across various contexts. To better understand how access to conversational AI affects productivity and trust, we conducted a mixed-methods, task-based user study, observing 76 software engineers (N=76) as they completed a programming exam with and without access to Bard. Effects on performance, efficiency, satisfaction, and trust vary depending on user expertise, question type (open-ended "solve" vs. definitive "search" questions), and measurement type (demonstrated vs. self-reported). Our findings include evidence of automation complacency, increased reliance on the AI over the course of the task, and increased performance for novices on "solve"-type questions when using the AI. We discuss common behaviors, design recommendations, and impact considerations to improve collaborations with conversational AI.
description: 15 pages. Published in the 29th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI '24)
Surface reaction-diffusion kinetics on lattice at the microscopic scale
Creators: name: Chew, Wei-Xiang
name: Kaizu, Kazunari
name: Watabe, Masaki
name: Muniandy, Sithi V.
name: Takahashi, Koichi
name: Arjunan, Satya N. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Microscopic models of reaction-diffusion processes on the cell membrane can link local spatiotemporal effects to macroscopic self-organized patterns often observed on the membrane. Simulation schemes based on the microscopic lattice method (MLM) can model these processes at the microscopic scale by tracking individual molecules, represented as hard-spheres, on fine lattice voxels. Although MLM is simple to implement and is generally less computationally demanding than off-lattice approaches, its accuracy and consistency in modeling surface reactions have not been fully verifed. Using the Spatiocyte scheme, we study the accuracy of MLM in diffusion-influenced surface reactions. We derive the lattice-based bimolecular association rates for two-dimensional surface-surface reaction and one-dimensional volume-surface adsorption according to the Smoluchowski-Collins-Kimball model and random walk theory. We match the time-dependent rates on lattice with off-lattice counterparts to obtain the correct expressions for MLM parameters in terms of physical constants. The expressions indicate that the voxel size needs to be at least 0.6% larger than the molecule to accurately simulate surface reactions on triangular lattice. On square lattice, the minimum voxel size should be even larger, at 5%. We also demonstrate the ability of MLM-based schemes such as Spatiocyte to simulate a reaction-diffusion model that involves all dimensions: three-dimensional diffusion in the cytoplasm, two-dimensional diffusion on the cell membrane and one-dimensional cytoplasm-membrane adsorption. With the model, we examine the contribution of the 2D reaction pathway to the overall reaction rate at different reactant diffusivity, reactivity and concentrations.
Strongly enhanced nonlinear acoustic valley Hall effect in tilted Dirac materials
Creators: name: Wan, Jia-Liang
name: Wu, Ying-Li
name: Chen, Ke-Qiu
name: Yu, Xiao-Qin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been recently established that a nonlinear valley current could be generated through traveling a surface acoustic wave (SAW) in two-dimensional Dirac materials. So far, the SAW-driven valley currents have been attributed to warping Fermi surface or Berry phase effect. Here, we demonstrate that tilt mechanism can also lead to a nonlinear valley Hall current (VHC) when propagating SAW in materials with the tilted Dirac cone placed on a piezoelectric substrate. It's found that the nonlinear VHC exhibits a $\sinθ$ dependence on the orientation of tilt with respect to SAW. In addition, this tilt-induced nonlinear acoustic VHC shows independence on the relaxation time, distinguishing from the contributions from the Berry phase or trigonal warping. Remarkably, the magnitude of the nonlinear acoustic VHC from tilt mechanism in the uniaxially strained graphene is two orders larger than those reported in MoS$_2$ stemmed from the Berry phase effect and the warping effect.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, Accepted by PRB letter
Self-Similar Hot Accretion Flow onto a Neutron Star
Creators: name: Medvedev, Mikhail V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present analytical and numerical solutions which describe a hot, viscous, two-temperature accretion flow onto a neutron star or any other compact star with a surface. We assume Coulomb coupling between the protons and electrons, and free-free cooling from the electrons. Outside a thin boundary layer, where the accretion flow meets the star, we show that there is an extended settling region which is well-described by two self-similar solutions: (1) a two-temperature solution which is valid in an inner zone $r\le10^{2.5}$ ($r$ is in Schwarzchild units), and (2) a one-temperature solution at larger radii. In both zones, $ρ\propto r^{-2}, Ω\propto r^{-3/2}, v\propto r^0,\ T_p\propto r^{-1}$; in the two-temperature zone, $T_e\propto r^{-1/2}$. The luminosity of the settling zone arises from the rotational energy of the star as the star is braked by viscosity; hence the luminosity is independent of $\dot M$. The settling solution is convectively and viscously stable and is unlikely to have strong winds or outflows. The flow is thermally unstable, but the instability may be stabilized by thermal conduction. The settling solution described here is not advection-dominated, and is thus different from the self-similar ADAF found around black holes. When the spin of the star is small enough, however, the present solution transforms smoothly to a (settling) ADAF.
description: 3 pages with 1 eps figure, aipproc.cls. To appear in Proceedings of the 20th Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics, Austin, Texas, 2000, edited by J. Craig Wheeler and Hugo Martel (American Institute of Physics)
Fusion of Gaussian Processes Predictions with Monte Carlo Sampling
Creators: name: Ajirak, Marzieh
name: Waxman, Daniel
name: Llorente, Fernando
name: Djuric, Petar M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In science and engineering, we often work with models designed for accurate prediction of variables of interest. Recognizing that these models are approximations of reality, it becomes desirable to apply multiple models to the same data and integrate their outcomes. In this paper, we operate within the Bayesian paradigm, relying on Gaussian processes as our models. These models generate predictive probability density functions (pdfs), and the objective is to integrate them systematically, employing both linear and log-linear pooling. We introduce novel approaches for log-linear pooling, determining input-dependent weights for the predictive pdfs of the Gaussian processes. The aggregation of the pdfs is realized through Monte Carlo sampling, drawing samples of weights from their posterior. The performance of these methods, as well as those based on linear pooling, is demonstrated using a synthetic dataset.
MOESM12 of Utility of 5-(furan-2-yl)-3-(p-tolyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds with antimicrobial activity
Creators: name: Abdelhamid, Abdou
name: Sayed, Ibrahim El
name: Zaki, Yasser
name: Hussein, Ahmed
name: Mangoud Mangoud
name: Hosny, Mona
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 12: Figure S12. 1H NMR, Mass and IR spectra of compound (12a).
A Study on Kevin Lynch's Urban Design Elements with a Case Study at Taman Seri Juru in Simpang Ampat Town of Penang
Creators: name: Zhin Yang Lau, Xian Yi Tan
Publisher: name: TuEngr Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Garden City
City path
Urban planning
Landmark element
Lynch's elements
Mental image
Edge element
Mind mapping
Urban development
Residential development
Urban elements.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 12, 6, 12A6A: 1-13
Thiotricha hoplomacha Meyrick 1908
Creators: name: Lee, Ga-Eun
name: Li, Houhun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Thiotricha
Thiotricha hoplomacha

description: Thiotricha hoplomacha Meyrick, 1908
(Figs 1C, 21D, 27R, 45B, 66G, H, 73C)
 Thiotricha hoplomacha Meyrick, 1908: 441; 1925: 102; Gaede, 1937: 305; Clarke, 1969: 460; Ivinskis et al., 1984: 39. TL: Assam, India. TD: NHMUK.
 Type material (Figs 66G, H, 73C). Holotype ♂, INDIA, Assam, Khasi Hills, ix.1906, genitalia slide no. J. F.G.C. 8331 (NHMUK).
 Additional material examined. CHINA: Xizang Autonomous Region: 2 ♂♂, 80 K (29.66°N, 95.49°E), 2076 m, Motuo County, 8.viii.2018, leg. Mujie Qi, genitalia slide nos. LGE18611, LGE18612.
 Diagnosis. Adult (Figs 1C, 21D). Wingspan 14.0− 17.5 mm. It is a large and slender moth with round forewing apex. The wing markings are unique in the genus as three transverse streaks are obliquely running from dorsum toward costa. The male genitalia (Fig. 45B) are differentiated from its allies by the large ovate anellus lobe bearing a spine-like apical bristle.
 Variations. The oblique streak near the forewing base is short and almost reached the fold in the holotype whereas the streak is much longer and meets the costal band in two males from China. Also, the Chinese specimens have the forewing apex tinged with rosy pink. In the male genitalia, the aedeagi of Chinese specimens have the ventral surface projected at distal 1/3, but the projection is invisible in the holotype. It is possibly due to the different direction when mounted, but additional specimens need to be examined to confirm the variation of the shape of aedeagus.
 Distribution. China (Xizang), India.
 Remarks. This species is recorded from China for the first time.
description: Published as part of Lee, Ga-Eun & Li, Houhun, 2024, A taxonomic review of Thiotricha Meyrick, 1886 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae, Thiotrichinae) from China, with descriptions of 84 new species, pp. 1-222 in Zootaxa 5449 (1) on page 152, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5449.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/11233121
Probabilistic Inference on Noisy Time Series (PINTS)
Creators: name: Clerx, Michael
name: Robinson, Martin
name: Lambert, Ben
name: Lei, Chon Lok
name: Ghosh, Sanmitra
name: Mirams, Gary R.
name: Gavaghan, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Time series models are ubiquitous in science, arising in any situation where researchers seek to understand how a system's behaviour changes over time. A key problem in time series modelling is \emph{inference}; determining properties of the underlying system based on observed time series. For both statistical and mechanistic models, inference involves finding parameter values, or distributions of parameters values, for which model outputs are consistent with observations. A wide variety of inference techniques are available and different approaches are suitable for different classes of problems. This variety presents a challenge for researchers, who may not have the resources or expertise to implement and experiment with these methods. PINTS (Probabilistic Inference on Noisy Time Series - https://github.com/pints-team/pints is an open-source (BSD 3-clause license) Python library that provides researchers with a broad suite of non-linear optimisation and sampling methods. It allows users to wrap a model and data in a transparent and straightforward interface, which can then be used with custom or pre-defined error measures for optimisation, or with likelihood functions for Bayesian inference or maximum-likelihood estimation. Derivative-free optimisation algorithms - which work without harder-to-obtain gradient information - are included, as well as inference algorithms such as adaptive Markov chain Monte Carlo and nested sampling which estimate distributions over parameter values. By making these statistical techniques available in an open and easy-to-use framework, PINTS brings the power of modern statistical techniques to a wider scientific audience.
MOESM13 of Utility of 5-(furan-2-yl)-3-(p-tolyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds with antimicrobial activity
Creators: name: Abdelhamid, Abdou
name: Sayed, Ibrahim El
name: Zaki, Yasser
name: Hussein, Ahmed
name: Mangoud Mangoud
name: Hosny, Mona
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 13: Figure S13. 1H NMR, Mass and IR spectra of compound (12b).
Effective Interactions Between Rigid Polyelectrolytes and Like-charged Planar Surfaces
Creators: name: Mashl, R. Jay
name: Grønbech-Jensen, Niels
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effective interaction between a planar array of uniformly negatively charged, stiff rods parallel to a negatively charged planar substrate in the absence of salt in a continuous, isotropic dielectric medium. Using Brownian dynamics simulations, we examine the general effects of counterion valence, rod spacing, macroion charge densities, and the rod size on the attractive rod-surface interaction force. At room temperature divalent as well as monovalent counterions mediate an interaction that can be repulsive or attractive upon adjusting either the macroion charge densities or the rod radius. Finally, we examine the effects of discretizing the surface charge as laterally mobile monovalent anions and of electrostatic images in the substrate.
description: Revtex, prb; uses amssymb
Spectrum Cascade Bloch Oscillations in Temporally Modulated Acoustics
Creators: name: Qin, Chengzhi
name: Peng, Yugui
name: Li, Ying
name: Zhu, Xuefeng
name: Wang, Bing
name: Qiu, Cheng-Wei
name: Lu, Peixiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bloch oscillations (BOs) refer to a periodically oscillatory motion of particle in lattice systems driven by a constant force. By temporally modulating acoustic waveguides, BOs can be generalized from spatial to frequency domain, opening new possibilities for spectrum manipulations. The modulation can induce mode transitions in the waveguide band and form an artificial frequency lattice, with the mismatched wave vector during transitions acting as a constant force that drives frequency Bloch oscillations (FBOs). Furthermore, the modulation phase accompanying transitions serves as a gauge potential that controls the initial oscillation phase, providing an additional degree of freedom to tailor FBOs. We report that multiple FBOs with judiciously designed oscillation phases can be further cascaded to realize acoustic spectrum self-imaging, unidirectional transduction and bandwidth engineering. The study proposes the concept of FBOs in acoustic systems and functionalizes its cascade configurations for advanced control of sound spectrum. This paradigm may find versatile applications in underwater secure communication, voice encryption and signal processing.
description: 4 figures
Linear Response Calculations of Spin Fluctuations
Creators: name: Savrasov, S. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A variational formulation of the time--dependent linear response based on the Sternheimer method is developed in order to make practical ab initio calculations of dynamical spin susceptibilities of solids. Using gradient density functional and a muffin-tin-orbital representation, the efficiency of the approach is demonstrated by applications to selected magnetic and strongly paramagnetic metals. The results are found to be consistent with experiment and are compared with previous theoretical calculations.
description: 11 pages, RevTex; 3 Figures, postscript, high-resolution printing (~1200dpi) is desired
Broadening of the DEM by multi-shelled and turbulent loops
Creators: name: Van Doorsselaere, Tom
name: Antolin, Patrick
name: Karampelas, Kostas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Broad differential emission measure (DEM) distributions in the corona are a sign of multi-thermal plasma along the line-of-sight. Traditionally, this is interpreted as evidence of multi-stranded loops. Recently, however, it has been shown that multi-stranded loops are unlikely to exist in the solar corona, because of their instability to transverse perturbations. We aim to test if loop models subject to the Transverse Wave-Induced Kelvin-Helmholtz (TWIKH) instability result in broad DEMs, potentially explaining the observations. We took simulation snapshots and compute the numerical DEM. Moreover, we performed forward-modelling in the relevant AIA channels before reconstructing the DEM. We find that turbulent loop models broaden their initial DEM, because of the turbulent mixing. The width of the DEM is determined by the initial temperature contrast with the exterior. We conclude that impulsively excited loop models have a rather narrow DEM, but that continuously driven models result in broad DEMs that are comparable to the observations.
Entropic Origin of the Growth of Relaxation Times in Simple Glassy Liquids
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Chandan
name: Valls, Oriol T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transitions between ``glassy'' local minima of a model free-energy functional for a dense hard-sphere system are studied numerically using a ``microcanonical'' Monte Carlo method that enables us to obtain the transition probability as a function of the free energy and the Monte Carlo ``time''. The growth of the height of the effective free energy barrier with density is found to be consistent with a Vogel-Fulcher law. The dependence of the transition probability on time indicates that this growth is primarily due to entropic effects arising from the difficulty of finding low-free-energy saddle points connecting glassy minima.
description: Four pages, plus three postscript figures
3D Spinodal Decomposition in the Inertial Regime
Creators: name: Kendon, V. M.
name: Desplat, J-C.
name: Bladon, P.
name: Cates, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate late-stage coarsening of a 3D symmetric binary fluid using a lattice Boltzmann method. With reduced lengths and times l and t respectively (scales set by viscosity, density and surface tension) our data sets cover 1 < l < 10^5, 10 < t < 10^8. We achieve Reynolds numbers approaching 350. At Re > 100 we find clear evidence of Furukawa's inertial scaling (l ~ t^{2/3}), although the crossover from the viscous regime (l ~ t) is very broad. Though it cannot be ruled out, we find no indication that Re is self-limiting (l ~ t^{1/2}) as proposed by M. Grant and K. R. Elder [Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 14 (1999)].
description: 4 pages, 3 eps figures, RevTex, minor changes to bring in line with published version. Mobility values added to Table I
Thermoelectric performance of nano junctions subjected to microwave driven spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Debashree
name: Entin-Wohlman, O.
name: Aharony, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent charge and heat transport through periodically driven nanodevices provide a platform for studying thermoelectric effects on the nanoscale. Here we study a junction comprising a quantum dot connected to two fermionic terminals by two weak links. An AC electric field induces time-dependent spin-orbit interaction in the weak links. We show that this setup supports DC charge and heat currents and that thermoelectric performance can be improved, as reflected by the effect of the spin-orbit coupling on the Seebeck coefficient and the electronic thermal conductance. Our analysis is based on the nonequilibrium Keldysh Green's function formalism in the time domain and reveals an interesting distribution of the power supply from the AC source among the various components of the device, apparently not realized before.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
PREDICTING THE EFFECT OF FOMC WORDING ON THE U.S. TREASURY YIELDS: A MACHINE LEARNING ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Marc, Denisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: monetary policy
financial markets
treasury yields
FOMC statements
machine learning
large language models

description: Central banks have increasingly relied on their post-meeting statements to shape market expectations around future monetary policy. This paper explores how the wording of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) statements impacts the U.S. Treasury markets over the period from 2000 to 2023. Using a state-of-the-art natural language processing (NLP) approach, I develop a custom large language model that captures the effect of the statement’s wording on the change in Treasury yields following its release. To train the model, I build a novel dataset of analysts’ reactions to the FOMC policy statements. These, along with the change in Treasury Yields, serve as a proxy for the change in market expectations. I apply the trained model to analyze the effects across different maturities. The model is able to explain 53%, 58%, and 63% of the variance in 5, 10, and 30-year treasury yields post-FOMC announcement time, which is significantly higher than the variance explained by other econometric approaches. Additionally, I explore the potential impacts of the alternative FOMC statements found in the Tealbook. This paper advances macroeconomic research by providing a modern forecasting methodology technique, while also serving as a tool for policymakers in understanding the formation of monetary policy expectations.
The Spectral Energy Distributions of Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Brown, M. J. I.
name: Duncan, K. J.
name: Landt, H.
name: Kirk, M.
name: Ricci, C.
name: Kamraj, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ongoing work on the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), derived from X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, infrared and radio photometry and spectroscopy. Our work is motivated by new wide-field imaging surveys that will identify vast numbers of AGNs, and by the need to benchmark AGN SED fitting codes. We have constructed 41 SEDs of individual AGNs and 80 additional SEDs that mimic Seyfert spectra. All of our SEDs span 0.09 to 30 microns, while some extend into the X-ray and/or radio. We have tested the utility of the SEDs by using them to generate AGN photometric redshifts, and they outperform SEDs from the prior literature, including reduced redshift errors and flux density residuals.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. To be published in the Proceedings of the IAU symposium 341, Osaka, Japan, 2018
Biometric Characteristics in the Management System of Information Technology Processes
Creators: name: Vladimir Kuzmenko, Madina Alikaeva
Publisher: name: TuEngr Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Coordinate synthesis
Biometric characteristic
Object model
Information security
Point coordinates
Biometric object.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 12, 6, 12A6B: 1-10
Higher-order photonic topological states in surface-wave photonic crystals
Creators: name: Zhang, Li
name: Yang, Yihao
name: Qin, Pengfei
name: Chen, Qiaolu
name: Gao, Fei
name: Li, Erping
name: Jiang, Jian-Hua
name: Zhang, Baile
name: Chen, Hongsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photonic topological states have revolutionized our understanding on the propagation and scattering of light. Recent discovery of higher-order photonic topological insulators opens an emergent horizon for zero-dimensional topological corner states. However, the previous realizations of higher-order photonic topological insulators suffer from either a limited operational frequency range due to the lumped components involved or a bulky structure with a large footprint, which are unfavorable for future integrated photonics. To overcome these limitations, we hereby experimentally demonstrate a planar surface-wave photonic crystal realization of two-dimensional higher-order topological insulators. The surface-wave photonic crystals exhibit a very large bulk bandgap (a bandwidth of 28%) due to multiple Bragg scatterings and host one-dimensional gapped edge states described by massive Dirac equations. The topology of those higher-dimensional photonic bands leads to the emergence of zero-dimensional corner states, which provide a route toward robust cavity modes for scalable, integrated photonic chips and an interface for the control of light-matter interaction.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures