cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sizes of protoplanetary discs after star-disc encounters
Creators: name: Breslau, Andreas
name: Steinhausen, Manuel
name: Vincke, Kirsten
name: Pfalzner, Susanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most stars do not form in isolation, but as part of a star cluster or association. These young stars are initially surrounded by protoplanetary discs. In these cluster environments tidal interactions with other cluster members can alter the disc properties. Besides the disc frequency, its mass, angular momentum, and energy, in particular the disc's size is prone to being changed by a passing star. So far the change in disc size was only investigated for a small number of very specific encounters. Several studies investigated the effect of the cluster environment on the sizes of planetary systems, like our own solar system, based on a generalisation of information from this limited sample. We performed numerical simulations covering the wide parameter space typical for young star clusters, to test the validity of this approach. Here the sizes of discs after encounters are presented, based on a size definition which is comparable to that one used in observational studies. We find that, except for encounters between equal-mass stars, the usually applied estimates are insufficient. They tend to severely overestimate the remaining disc size. We show that the disc size after an encounter can be described by a relatively simple dependence on the periastron distance and the mass ratio of the encounter partners. This knowledge allows, for example, to pin down the types of encounter possibly responsible for the structure of today's solar system.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, + 2 pages Online material, accepted by A&A
Additional file 3 of Adverse effects of Z-drugs for sleep disturbance in people living with dementia: a population-based cohort study
Creators: name: Richardson, Kathryn
name: Loke, Yoon K.
name: Fox, Chris
name: Maidment, Ian
name: Howard, Robert
name: Steel, Nicholas
name: Arthur, Antony
name: Boyd, Penelope J.
name: Aldus, Clare
name: Ballard, Clive
name: Savva, George M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3. Read codes in CPRD and ICD-10 codes in HES and ONS to define the outcomes.
Entropic stress of grafted polymer chains in shear flow
Creators: name: Mees, Jan
name: O'Connor, Thomas C.
name: Pastewka, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the shear response of grafted polymer chains in shear flow via coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. Our simulations confirm that the shear response is dominated by the brush's outermost correlation volume, which depends on shear rate at high Weissenberg number. The system's shear stress can be approximated by the brush's entropic stress. The simulations further reveal that at low Weissenberg number, the entropic shear stress of grafted chains is independent of the Weissenberg number. Increasing the Weissenberg number leads to Wi-dependent behavior: chains first reorient along the shear direction and elongate at higher Wi. The entropic shear stress increases linearly with Weissenberg number in this regime. We relate these calculations to experimental observations on the velocity dependence of brush and hydrogel friction.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
title: The New England States Collaborative For Insurance Exchange Systems: Supporting Massachusetts and National Health Reform Through Technology Innovation
Creators: name: Himmelstein, Jay S.
name: Tutty, Michael A.
name: Keays, Scott
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2011

description: Project Goal: To create Health Insurance Exchange (HIX) Information Technology components in Massachusetts that are consumer-focused, cost-effective, reusable, and sustainable and that can be leveraged by New England and other states to operate Health Insurance Exchanges. The NESCIES project approach will be to create and build a flexible HIX Information Technology framework in Massachusetts designed to connect consumers, small businesses, and health plans that can be tailored to the needs of the New England states and beyond.Achieving this goal will require the creation of solutions that are component based, adaptable, and based on the standards required by the ACA.
title: Integrating Patient-reported Symptoms in the Arthritis Care Record
Creators: name: Zheng, Hua
name: Ayers, David C.
name: Milner, Janel
name: Yang, Wenyun
name: Franklin, Patricia D.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2011

description: Background

For knee and hip arthritis patients, self-assessed pain and physical function are central to treatment decisions as well as to clinical and outcomes research.

Both paper and electronic health records capture the clinician’s summary of the patient symptoms.

Brief patient-reported arthritis symptom assessments have been broadly tested and validated in clinical research, yet have not been integrated into routine office practice.

The introduction of electronic health records offers an opportunity for patient direct-entry and real-time scores of standardized symptom assessments to be included in the routine health record.

Purpose

To both support patient-centered health care in arthritis care and to track aggregate outcomes for longitudinal research, a comprehensive arthritis care record system was designed and implemented with the goal of integrating standardized symptom assessments and clinical metrics in an individual patient health record.

    Trend pain and function metrics over time,

    Provide real-time data to patients and clinicians to inform treatment decisions, and,

    Track aggregate outcomes for quality assessment and research.

Study Design

The data collection and management system was implemented in the Arthritis and Total Joint Center (TJC) ambulatory clinic at UMass Medical Center.

The host system allows development and delivery of custom web-based surveys and serves as a database archive system with interfaces to hospital information services (HIS) and a data storage location.

The survey data are divided into 21 tables representing clinical categories (e.g., pain, function, clinical diagnoses) with 259 measures, and 66 among them are used for QA reports.

The patient-entered survey data are merged with the clinical data in a structured format, providing comprehensive longitudinal records for individual patients. In addition, real-time symptom trend reports are produced using query, search and analysis functions.

System Use

The core system was established in 2007, fully operational in 2008, and by June 2010, over 1,000,000 clinical measures had been collected from over 30,000 patients visiting the Arthritis and Total Joint Center (TJC). Among patient measures, around 400,000 measures (28,500 surveys) are related to patient self-assessed symptoms.

Conclusions

The system implemented in our clinic is a successful model for collecting and integrating patient symptom data with clinical data as part of a patient health record.

This template is the foundation for a newly funded national research registry for comparative effectiveness in total joint replacement surgery (FORCE-TJR).
Additional file 2 of Adverse effects of Z-drugs for sleep disturbance in people living with dementia: a population-based cohort study
Creators: name: Richardson, Kathryn
name: Loke, Yoon K.
name: Fox, Chris
name: Maidment, Ian
name: Howard, Robert
name: Steel, Nicholas
name: Arthur, Antony
name: Boyd, Penelope J.
name: Aldus, Clare
name: Ballard, Clive
name: Savva, George M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2. Dementia and sleep disturbance validation study.
Necessary Conditions for Short Gamma-Ray Burst Production in Binary Neutron Star Mergers
Creators: name: Murguia-Berthier, Ariadna
name: Montes, Gabriela
name: Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
name: De Colle, Fabio
name: Lee, William H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The central engine of short gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs) is hidden from direct view, operating at a scale much smaller than that probed by the emitted radiation. Thus we must infer its origin not only with respect to the formation of the {\it trigger} - the actual astrophysical configuration that is capable of powering a sGRB - but also from the consequences that follow from the various evolutionary pathways that may be involved in producing it. Considering binary neutron star mergers we critically evaluate, analytically and through numerical simulations, whether the neutrino-driven wind produced by the newly formed hyper-massive neutron star can allow the collimated relativistic outflow that follows its collapse to actually produce a sGRB or not. Upon comparison with the observed sGRB duration distribution, we find that collapse cannot be significantly delayed (<=100 ms) before the outflow is choked, thus limiting the possibility that long-lived hyper-massive remnants can account for these events. In the case of successful breakthrough of the jet through the neutrino-driven wind, the energy stored in the cocoon could contribute to the precursor and extended emission observed in sGRBs.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJL
H2Ohio Wetland Monitoring Program Monitoring Framework (2024)
Creators: name: Lake Erie and Aquatic Research Network (LEARN): Wetlands and Water Quality Group (H2Ohio Wetland Monitoring Program)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This document, the Monitoring Framework, describes the guiding principles, program structure, scientific rationale, monitoring goals, data collection techniques, and data management systems for the Monitoring Program.
Oversight and Review of Clinical Gene Transfer Protocols: Assessing the Role of the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: Controversies
Emerging Technologies
Ethics and Society
Governance
Human Enhancement
Human Rights
Human Subjects Research
Law and Public Policy
Responsible Innovation
Risk
Security

description: Link to the National Academies Report,Oversight and Review of Clinical Gene Transfer Protocols: Assessing the Role of the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee
Additional file 1 of Adverse effects of Z-drugs for sleep disturbance in people living with dementia: a population-based cohort study
Creators: name: Richardson, Kathryn
name: Loke, Yoon K.
name: Fox, Chris
name: Maidment, Ian
name: Howard, Robert
name: Steel, Nicholas
name: Arthur, Antony
name: Boyd, Penelope J.
name: Aldus, Clare
name: Ballard, Clive
name: Savva, George M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Read codes to define dementia in CPRD, excluded patients and sleep disturbance.
Characterizing network circuity among heterogeneous urban amenities
Creators: name: Poudyal, Bibandhan
name: Ghoshal, Gourab
name: Kirkley, Alec
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The spatial configuration of urban amenities and the streets connecting them collectively provide the structural backbone of a city, influencing its accessibility, vitality, and ultimately the well-being of its residents. Most accessibility measures focus on the proximity of amenities in space or along transportation networks, resulting in metrics largely determined by urban density alone. These measures are unable to gauge how efficiently street networks can navigate between amenities, since they neglect the circuity component of accessibility. Existing measures also often require ad hoc modeling choices, making them less flexible for different applications and difficult to apply in cross-sectional analyses. Here we develop a simple, principled, and flexible measure to characterize the circuity of accessibility among heterogeneous amenities in a city, which we call the pairwise circuity (PC). The PC quantifies the excess travel distance incurred when using the street network to route between a pair of amenity types, summarizing both spatial and topological correlations among amenities. Measures developed using our framework exhibit significant statistical associations with a variety of urban prosperity and accessibility indicators when compared to an appropriate null model, and we find a clear separation in the PC values of cities according to development level and geographic region.
title: Lessons from the Field: Parasite DNA Drives the Innate Immune Response to Malaria (it's not just the caiparinhas)
Creators: name: Golenbock, Douglas
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2011

description: The World Health Organization reported 780,000 deaths due to malaria in 2009, mostly in children under 5 years of age residing in 106 countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Even though there have been impressive global strides to increase the delivery of malaria interventions such as insecticide treated bednets, rapid diagnostic tests, antimalarial drugs and indoor residual spraying - every 40 seconds a child still dies from malaria. In order to make further progress toward malaria eradication, a better understanding of the dynamic relationship between the Plasmodium parasite and its human host is required.

Since malaria has such a complex life cycle, research on malaria is often multifaceted. The research presented focused on understanding how malaria is recognized by innate immune cells that may shape adaptive immunity and combined inform malaria vaccine design strategies. In addition, the parasite genetically adapts to environmental pressures such as antimalarial drugs, further thwarting eradication efforts.
Perspectives on Research with H5N1 Avian Influenza: Scientific Inquiry, Communication, Controversy: Summary of a Workshop
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: Community and Participatory Research
Ethics and Society
Public Well-being
Risk
Safety

description: Link to the National Academies Report,Perspectives on Research with H5N1 Avian Influenza: Scientific Inquiry, Communication, Controversy: Summary of a Workshop
title: Healthy Out of School Time: Developing National Quality Standards for Healthy Eating and Physical Activity
Creators: name: Gannett, Ellen
name: Hall, Georgia
name: Roth, Barb
name: Wiecha, Jean
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2011

description: Afternoon programs are an important venue for promoting healthy eating and physical activity in children and youth. This project, co-led by investigators at the Institute on Out-of-School Time (NIOST), UMass Boston, and YMCA of the USA, used quantitative and qualitative methods to assess and respond to the need for national standards for healthy eating and physical activity in afterschool programs. This presentation provides an overview of this translational research with emphasis on development and dissemination of the evidence-based national guidelines for health eating and physical activity in afterschool programs.
Stable String Bit Models
Creators: name: Sun, Songge
name: Thorn, Charles B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In string bit models, the superstring emerges as a very long chain of "bits", in which s fermionic degrees of freedom contribute positively to the ground state energy in a way to exactly cancel the destabilizing negative contributions of d=s bosonic degrees of freedom. We propose that the physics of string formation be studied nonperturbatively in the class of string bit models in which s>d, so that a long chain is stable, in contrast to the marginally stable (s=d=8) superstring chain. We focus on the simplest of these models with s=1 and d=0, in which the string bits live in zero space dimensions. The string bit creation operators are N X N matrices. We choose a Hamiltonian such that the large N limit produces string moving in one space dimension, with excitations corresponding to one Grassmann lightcone worldsheet field (s=1) and no bosonic worldsheet field (d=0). We study this model at finite N to assess the role of the large N limit in the emergence of the spatial dimension. Our results suggest that string-like states with large bit number M may not exist for N
description: 26 pages, 7 figures, error corrected in eq (81) and typos corrected
title: Activated Innate Immunity in Childhood: A Novel Treatment Target
Creators: name: Hardy, Olga T.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2011

description: Obesity is a state of chronic low grade inflammation with elevated cytokines that contribute to obesity-related co-morbidities. This presentation will include an overview of a Life Sciences Moment Fund project that examined the effects of a multi-component wellness intervention designed to increase physical activity and reduce risk for cardiometabolic disease in overweight adolescents. Selected results suggesting the potential of activated innate immunity in childhood as a novel treatment target will be emphasized.
title: Targeted Therapies in RA: Real World Comparative Effectiveness Research
Creators: name: Harrold, Leslie R.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2011

description: The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of abatacept to anti-TNFs using the following: Change in disease activity based on the Clinical Disease Activity Index, and (CDAI) Achievement of remission based on the CDAI.

Among this small sample of RA patients in a real-world setting, treatment with abatacept was not associated with any differences in response or remission rates from those seen with anti-TNFs based on mean change in CDAI and achievement of CDAI remission. This study suggests similar effectiveness of abatacept and anti-TNFs in biologic naïve RA patients. Further research with a larger sample size is needed to confirm these findings.
A first look of new MC samples for $h \to \mu ^+ \mu ^-$ analysis
Creators: name: Kawada, Shin-Ichi
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: ALCW2018, ALCW2018, Fukuoka, Japan, 28 May 2018 - 1 Jun 2018
Dynamical symmetry of a semiconfined harmonic oscillator model with a position-dependent effective mass
Creators: name: Jafarov, E. I.
name: Nagiyev, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 12D05, 12H05, 33C45, 34L40, 47A68

description: Dynamical symmetry algebra for a semiconfined harmonic oscillator model with a position-dependent effective mass is constructed. Selecting the starting point as a well-known factorization method of the Hamiltonian under consideration, we have found three basis elements of this algebra. The algebra defined through those basis elements is a $\mathfrak{su}\left(1,1 \right)$ Heisenberg-Lie algebra. Different special cases and the limit relations from the basis elements to the Heisenberg-Weyl algebra of the non-relativistic quantum harmonic oscillator are discussed, too.
description: 20 pages
Additional file 1 of How can technology support ageing in place in healthy older adults? A systematic review
Creators: name: Ollevier, Aline
name: Aguiar, Gabriel
name: Palomino, Marco
name: Simpelaere, Ingeborg Sylvia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental Data.
Searching for new light scalars at the ILC
Creators: name: Wang, Yan
name: List, Jenny
name: Berggren, Carl Mikael
name: Kawada, Shin-Ichi
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: ALCW2018, Fukuoka, Japan, 28 May 2018 - 1 Jun 2018
Biotechnology: Science, Engineering, and Ethical Challenges for the 21st Century
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: Controversies
Dual Use Research
Embryo Research
Emerging Technologies
Ethics and Society
Human Enhancement
Public Well-being
Research Misconduct
Safety
Security

description: Link to the National Academies Report,Biotechnology: Science, Engineering, and Ethical Challenges for the 21st Century
Universal frequency-dependent conduction of electron glasses
Creators: name: Amir, Ariel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characterizing the frequency-dependent response of amorphous systems and glasses can provide important insights into their physics. Here, we study the response of an electron glass, where Coulomb interactions are important and have previously been shown to significantly modify the conductance and lead to memory effects and aging. We propose a model which allows us to take the interactions into account in a self-consistent way, and explore the frequency-dependent conduction at all frequencies. At low frequencies conduction occurs on the percolation backbone, and the model captures the variable-range-hopping behavior. At high frequencies conduction is dominated by localized clusters. Despite the difference in physical mechanisms at low and high frequency, we are able to scale all numerical data onto a single curve, using two parameters: the DC conduction and dielectric constant. The behavior follows the universal scaling that is experimentally observed for a large class of amorphous solids.
title: Why don’t more people use this drug? Myths, Evidence & Policy
Creators: name: Clark, Robin E.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2011

description: This presentation describes barriers to evidence-based medication development, availability, and use; and introduces some of the scientific tools and approaches, such as comparative effectiveness research, that address these barriers. Context: Medication-assisted treatment for opioid dependence.
Weyl Neutrinos In Plane Symmetric Spacetimes
Creators: name: Dereli, Tekin
name: Senikoglu, Yorgo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate complex quaternion-valued exterior differential forms over 4-dimensional Lorentzian spacetimes and explore Weyl spinor fields as minimal left ideals within the complex quaternion algebra. The variational derivation of the coupled Einstein-Weyl equations from an action is presented, and the resulting field equations for both first and second order variations are derived and simplified. Exact plane symmetric solutions of the Einstein-Weyl equations are discussed, and two families of exact solutions describing left-moving and right-moving neutrino plane waves are provided. The study highlights the significance of adjusting a quartic self-coupling of the Weyl spinor in the action to ensure the equivalence of the field equations.
description: Matches published version
title: Mechanics of Living, Squishy Materials
Creators: name: Crosby, Alan
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2011

description: Living materials respond to stresses, or forces, surrounding them. If we aim to promote the growth of healthy tissue, such as in the field of tissue engineering, or limit the growth of unwanted tissue, e.g. cancerous tumors, we must understand the stresses that these tissues experience as they grow and live. How do we measure the elastic modulus of a living material? We will discuss a novel measurement technique that we developed, called cavitation rheology, which can quantitatively measure the mechanical environment of soft tissues from sub-cellular to multi-cellular length scales at arbitrary locations. We are particularly interested in applying this technique to study processes of development, disease, and damage, such as traumatic brain injuries.
Additional file 1 of MINISTOP 2.0: a smartphone app integrated in primary child health care to promote healthy diet and physical activity behaviours and prevent obesity in preschool-aged children: protocol for a hybrid design effectiveness-implementation study
Creators: name: Henriksson, Hanna
name: Alexandrou, Christina
name: Henriksson, Pontus
name: Henström, Maria
name: Bendtsen, Marcus
name: Thomas, Kristin
name: Müssener, Ulrika
name: Nilsen, Per
name: Löf, Marie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Challenges and Opportunities in Using Residual Newborn Screening Samples for Translational Research: Workshop Summary
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: Conflict of Interest
Emerging Technologies
Ethics and Society
Human Rights
Human Subjects Research
Privacy and Surveillance
Public Well-being
Responsible Innovation
Security
Social Responsibility
Vulnerable Populations

description: Link to the National Academies Report,Challenges and Opportunities in Using Residual Newborn Screening Samples for Translational Research: Workshop Summary
title: Patient Adherence to Laboratory Tests to Monitor Medication Therapy: A Mixed-Methods Study
Creators: name: Fischer, Shira H.
name: Field, Terry S.
name: Gagne, Shawn J.
name: Mazor, Kathleen M.
name: Preusse, Peggy
name: Reed, George
name: Peterson, Daniel J.
name: Gurwitz, Jerry H.
name: Tjia, Jennifer
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2012

description: Background

Little is known about the contribution of patient behavior to incomplete laboratory monitoring and the reasons for patient non-completion of ordered laboratory tests remain unclear.

Objective

To describe factors, including patient-reported reasons, associated with non-completion of ordered laboratory tests.

Design

Mixed-methods study including a quantitative assessment of the frequency of patient adherence to ordered monitoring tests combined with qualitative, semi-structured, patient interviews.

Participants

Quantitative assessment included patients 18 years or older from a large multispecialty group practice prescribed a medication requiring monitoring. Qualitative interviews included a subset of adherent and non-adherent patients prescribed a cardiovascular, anti-convulsant, or thyroid replacement medication.

Main Measures

Proportion of recommended monitoring tests for each medication not completed, factors associated with patient non-adherence, and patient-reported reasons for non-adherence.

Results

Of 27,802 patients who were prescribed one of 34 medications, patient non-completion of ordered tests varied (range: 0% to 29%, by drug-test pair). Factors associated with higher odds of test non-completion included younger patient age (< 40 years vs. ≥80 years, adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.52, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.27-1.83), lower medication burden (1 medication vs. more than 1 drug, AOR for non-completion 1.26, 95% CI 1.15-1.37), and lower visit frequency (0-5 visits/year vs. ≥19 visits/year, AOR 1.41, 95% CI 1.25 to 1.59). Drug-test pairs with black box warning status were associated with greater odds of non-completion compared to drugs included only in the PDR (AOR 1.91, 95% CI 1.66-2.19). Qualitative interviews, with 16 non-adherent and 7 adherent patients, identified forgetting as the main cause of non-adherence.

Conclusions

Patient non-adherence contributed to missed opportunities to monitor medications and was associated with younger patient age and lower medication burden and black box warning status. Interventions to improve laboratory monitoring should target patients as well as physicians.
Open-world Semi-supervised Generalized Relation Discovery Aligned in a Real-world Setting
Creators: name: Hogan, William
name: Li, Jiacheng
name: Shang, Jingbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: Open-world Relation Extraction (OpenRE) has recently garnered significant attention. However, existing approaches tend to oversimplify the problem by assuming that all unlabeled texts belong to novel classes, thereby limiting the practicality of these methods. We argue that the OpenRE setting should be more aligned with the characteristics of real-world data. Specifically, we propose two key improvements: (a) unlabeled data should encompass known and novel classes, including hard-negative instances; and (b) the set of novel classes should represent long-tail relation types. Furthermore, we observe that popular relations such as titles and locations can often be implicitly inferred through specific patterns, while long-tail relations tend to be explicitly expressed in sentences. Motivated by these insights, we present a novel method called KNoRD (Known and Novel Relation Discovery), which effectively classifies explicitly and implicitly expressed relations from known and novel classes within unlabeled data. Experimental evaluations on several Open-world RE benchmarks demonstrate that KNoRD consistently outperforms other existing methods, achieving significant performance gains.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 5 of The effect of statin treatment on intratumoral cholesterol levels and LDL receptor expression: a window-of-opportunity breast cancer trial
Creators: name: Feldt, Maria
name: Menard, Julien
name: Rosendahl, Ann H.
name: Lettiero, Barbara
name: Pär-Ola Bendahl
name: Belting, Mattias
name: Borgquist, Signe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5: Figure 4. LDLR expression in MCF-7 cells after atorvastatin treatment. (A) Atorvastatin moderately increased LDLR protein expression in MCF-7 cells treated with atorvastatin (10 μM) after 48 h of treatment, but no statistical difference was found (student’s T-test). Values are expressed as the geometric mean ± 95% confidence interval of the geometric mean of three independent experiments. (B) LDLR relative abundance was measured using Western blot analysis normalized to GAPDH.
title: Biosensing using Particle-(Bio)Polymer Sensor Arrays
Creators: name: Rotello, Vincent
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2011

description: We have developed sensor arrays containing non-covalent gold nanoparticle-fluorescent polymer assemblies to identify and quantify biological targets in minutes using a platreader platform. These sensors can identify protein targets at nanomolar concentrations in both buffer and human serum, and to differentiate between species and even different strains of bacteria. In more recent studies we have demonstrated that these sensor systems can discriminate between isogenic healthy, cancerous and metastatic cells.
Localization of a spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate in a bichromatic optical lattice
Creators: name: Cheng, Yongshan
name: Tang, Gaohui
name: Adhikari, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the localization of a noninteracting and weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate with spin-orbit coupling loaded in a quasiperiodic bichromatic optical lattice potential using the numerical solution and variational approximation of a binary mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equation with two pseudo-spin components. We confirm the existence of the stationary localized states in the presence of the spin-orbit and Rabi couplings for an equal distribution of atoms in the two components. We find that the interaction between the spin-orbit and Rabi couplings favors the localization or delocalization of the BEC depending on the the phase difference between the components. We also studied the oscillation dynamics of the localized states for an initial population imbalance between the two components.
Effect of speed fluctuations on the collective dynamics of active disks
Creators: name: Kailasham, R.
name: Khair, Aditya S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations are performed on the collective dynamics of active disks, whose self-propulsion speed ($U$) varies in time, and whose orientation evolves according to rotational Brownian motion. Two protocols for the evolution of speed are considered: (i) a deterministic one involving a periodic change in $U$ at a frequency $ω$; and (ii) a stochastic one in which the speeds are drawn from a power-law distribution at time-intervals governed by a Poissonian process of rate $β$. In the first case, an increase in $ω$ causes the disks to go from a clustered state to a homogeneous one through an apparent phase-transition, provided that the direction of self-propulsion is allowed to reverse. Similarly, in the second case, for a fixed value of $β$, the extent of cluster-breakup is larger when reversals in the self-propulsion direction are permitted. Motility-induced phase separation of the disks may therefore be avoided in active matter suspensions in which the constituents are allowed to reverse their self-propulsion direction, immaterial of the precise temporal nature of the reversal (deterministic or stochastic). Equally, our results demonstrate that phase separation could occur even in the absence of a time-averaged motility of an individual active agent, provided that the rate of direction reversals is smaller than the orientational diffusion rate.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures, 8 supplementary videos
title: Surveillance of Smokeless Tobacco Products Sold in Massachusetts (1997-2010)
Creators: name: Cullen, Doris
name: Kane, Kevin J.
name: Keithly, Lois
name: Land, Thomas
name: Paskowsky, Mark
name: Li, Wenjun
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2012

description: Background: Moist snuff and snus are smokeless tobacco products that are marketed toward smokers for use at times smoking is prohibited. Little information is available about the nicotine content and design features of these products, particularly snus.

Methods: Data on free nicotine levels and design features (pH, total nicotine content, tobacco leaf cut and flavor) of smokeless tobacco products were obtained from manufactures’ annual reports to Massachusetts Department of Public Health between 1997 and 2010. Descriptive statistics were provided overall, and by manufacturer and product type.

Results: Mean level of free nicotine in moist snuff remained relatively constant within the range of 3 to 5 mg/g between 1997 and 2010, although this varies by manufacturer, brand, and design characteristics. Mean free nicotine was higher in snus than in moist snuff and increased over time. Average free nicotine content of Swedish Match snus increased sharply since 2003 and reached >6 mg/g in 2010 while that of American brands of snus decreased from 2.9 mg/g in 2001 to 1.7 mg/g in 2010. Swedish Match snus had significantly higher pH than American brands of snus and moist snuff, and experienced a sharp increase from 7.3 in 2003 to 8.3 in 2010. Wide variations in nicotine and pH levels were present among manufacturers. Free nicotine level was associated with pH level of both snus and moist snuff products, and with tobacco leaf-cut for moist snuff. The number of sub-brands of both snus and moist snuff products increased during the study period.

Conclusion: There was notable increasing trend in free nicotine concentration in Swedish Match snus that are marketed to US consumers. The increase in number sub-brands suggests greater marketing efforts by the manufacturers in recent years. Continued surveillance of smokeless tobacco products in MA is an important component of the State’s control effort.
Conducting Biosocial Surveys: Collecting, Storing, Accessing, and Protecting Biospecimens and Biodata
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: Ethics and Society
Governance
Human Rights
Human Subjects Research
Law and Public Policy
Privacy and Surveillance
Responsible Innovation
Social Justice
Social Responsibility

description: Link to the National Academies Report,Conducting Biosocial Surveys: Collecting, Storing, Accessing, and Protecting Biospecimens and Biodata
Conflict of Interest and Medical Innovation: Ensuring Integrity While Facilitating Innovation in Medical Research
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: Conflict of Interest
Corruption
Ethics and Society
Human Rights
Human Subjects Research
Public Well-being
Responsible Innovation
Social Justice
Social Responsibility

description: Link to the National Academies Report,Conflict of Interest and Medical Innovation: Ensuring Integrity While Facilitating Innovation in Medical Research
Magnetothermodynamics of BPS baby skyrmions
Creators: name: Adam, C.
name: Romanczukiewicz, T.
name: Sanchez-Guillen, J.
name: Wereszczynski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetothermodynamics of skyrmion type matter described by the gauged BPS baby Skyrme model at zero temperature is investigated. We prove that the BPS property of the model is preserved also for boundary conditions corresponding to an asymptotically constant magnetic field. The BPS bound and the corresponding BPS equations saturating the bound are found. Further, we show that one may introduce pressure in the gauged model by a redefinition of the superpotential. Interestingly, this is related to non-extremal type solutions in the so-called fake supersymmetry method. Finally, we compute the equation of state of magnetized BSP baby skyrmions inserted into an external constant magnetic field $H$ and under external pressure $P$, i.e., $V=V(P,H)$, where $V$ is the "volume" (area) occupied by the skyrmions. We show that the BPS baby skyrmions form a ferromagnetic medium.
description: Latex, 39 pages, 14 figures. v2: New results and references added, physical interpretation partly changed
title: Increased oxidative capacity of circulating polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in non-diabetic NASH patients
Creators: name: Csak, Timea
name: Kodys, Karen
name: Dolganiuc, Angela
name: Lippai, Dora
name: Ganz, Michal
name: Marshall, Christopher
name: Szabo, Gyongyi
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2012

description: Background: Inflammation and oxidative stress are key factors in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Polymorphonuclear neutrophils are capable to produce significant amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the NADPH oxidase complex. Increased hepatic neutrophil infiltration has been described in steatohepatitis. We aimed to investigate the in vitro ROS generation by neutrophils of NASH patients and the hepatic NADPH oxidase activity in murine steatohepatitis.

Material and methods: PMNs were isolated from peripheral blood of NASH patients (n=16) and healthy controls (n=16). In vitro ROS production was measured by luminol chemiluminescence after phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or opsonized zymosan stimulation. Hepatic lipid peroxidation and NADPH oxidase activation were measured in mice fed with methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) or -supplemented (MCS) diets.

Results: PMA activated oxidative burst both in patients and controls. However, ROS production was significantly increased in non-diabetic NASH patients (n=9) compared to controls 30 min after the PMA stimulation. PMNs from NASH patients with diabetes mellitus (n=7) did not have higher ROS production after PMA-stimulation compared to controls. The PMA-induced peak chemiluminescence was significantly higher in the non-diabetic NASH patients compared to controls and diabetic NASH patients. No significant difference was observed without any stimulation and in opsonized zymosan induced chemiluminescence. Consistent with the increased oxidative capacity of PMNs in NASH patients, we found increased hepatic lipid peroxidation, higher expression and activation of the NADPH oxidase complex in MCD-steatohepatitis.

Conclusion: Our finding supports the role of neutrophil oxidative stress in NASH. Our novel data suggests that the increased oxidative capacity of the PMNs it is not only localized to the liver but can have systemic effects and serve as a potential biomarker of NASH.
title: International trends in pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality rates
Creators: name: DeJesus-Monge, Wilfredo E.
name: Barton, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2012

description: Background: Pancreatic cancer is a rare disease, with a lifetime risk of 1.45%. However, it is deadly, with a 1-year relative survival rate of 20% and a 5-year rate of 4% in the US. Risk factors for pancreatic cancer are cigarette smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, among others. Associated with developed countries, these risk factors are increasing in less developed and economically transitioning countries. Therefore, the objective of this presentation is to show international trends in pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality rates.

Method: The pancreatic cancer incidence rates were collected from the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5) report and the mortality rates were collected from the World Health Organization cancer mortality database, both by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, for the periods 1988-1992 to 1998-2002 (10-year) and 1978-1982 to 1998-2002 (20-year). The statistics are provided countrywide or for specific regions within a country.

Results: In America, 50% of evaluated countries/regions showed decreased pancreatic cancer incidence rates in any or both sexes during the 10-year period. In Northern Europe, one-third of the evaluated countries/regions showed decreased pancreatic cancer incidence rates in any or both sexes during the 10-year period. In Southern Europe, 44% of the evaluated countries/regions showed increased pancreatic cancer incidence rates in any or both sexes during the 10-year period. Both Chinese regions show increased pancreatic cancer incidence rates in both sexes during the 20-year period. Twenty-seven percent of the evaluated world countries/regions show decreased pancreatic cancer mortality rates in both sexes during the 20-year period.

Discussion: There is international/regional variation in pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality rates. Specific protective or risk (like acquiring developed-country lifestyles or high life expectancy) factors could explain these differences.

Conclusion: The findings of this study provide preliminary evidence to reassess pancreatic cancer prevention strategies worldwide.
Introduction to $τ$-tilting theory
Creators: name: Iyama, Osamu
name: Reiten, Idun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: From the viewpoint of mutation, we will give a brief survey of tilting theory and cluster-tilting theory together with a motivation from cluster algebras. Then we will give an introdution to τ-tilting theory which was recently developed in [AIR].
description: 8 pages. To appear in Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
title: Health Links: Who Acts as a Source of Health Information in a Social Network?
Creators: name: Cutrona, Sarah L.
name: Greene, Sarah M.
name: Williams, Andrew E.
name: Roblin, Douglas W.
name: Wagner, Joann L.
name: Gaglio, Bridget
name: Han, Paul K. J.
name: Mazor, Kathleen M.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2012

description: Background: Members of a social network can influence the preventive health choices and cancer screening behaviors of other network members.

Study Design: We conducted in-person interviews with 438 insured adults ages 40-70 in Massachusetts, Hawaii, and Georgia. We gathered information on social network communication regarding routine health topics and cancer screening. Participants reported whether family members and friends ask them for information or advice on health topics. Characteristics of each respondent’s social network were explored, including number of people with whom the participant has discussed colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Participants were asked whether communication with social network members had ever led them to seek cancer screening.

Principal Findings:80% of respondents in our group described themselves as a source of health information or advice for others in their social network (89% of women vs. 68% of men, p

Conclusions: People who identified themselves as a source of health information within their social network were more likely to have discussed CRC screening with others and communicated with more people. Further study is necessary to understand the roles played by these individuals. As “health information ambassadors,” they may be effective targets for interventions that promote preventive screening.
Additional file 4 of The effect of statin treatment on intratumoral cholesterol levels and LDL receptor expression: a window-of-opportunity breast cancer trial
Creators: name: Feldt, Maria
name: Menard, Julien
name: Rosendahl, Ann H.
name: Lettiero, Barbara
name: Pär-Ola Bendahl
name: Belting, Mattias
name: Borgquist, Signe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Figure 3. Total cholesterol levels in MCF-7 cells after treatment with atorvastatin. No statistical difference was found between the total cholesterol levels in MCF-7 cells after treatment with 10 μM atorvastatin for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively, compared to MCF-7 cells cultured in absence of atorvastatin (2-way ANOVA). Values are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments.