cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive review of HIV/STI prevention and sexual and reproductive health services among sex Workers in Conflict-Affected Settings: call for an evidence- and rights-based approach in the humanitarian response
Creators: name: Ferguson, Alyssa
name: Shannon, K.
name: Butler, Jennifer
name: Goldenberg, Shira M.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Background: While the conditions in emergency humanitarian and conflict-affected settings often result in significant sex work economies, there is limited information on the social and structural conditions of sex work in these settings, and the impacts on HIV/STI prevention and access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services for sex workers. Our objective was to comprehensively review existing evidence on HIV/STI prevention and access to SRH services for sex workers in conflict-affected settings globally. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive review of all peer review (both epidemiological and qualitative) and grey literature published in the last 15 years (2000–2015), focusing on 1) HIV/STI vulnerability or prevention, and/or 2) access to SRH services for sex workers in conflict-affected settings. Five databases were searched, using combinations of sex work, conflict/mobility, HIV/STI, and SRH service terms. Relevant peer-reviewed and grey literature were also hand-searched, and key papers were cross-referenced for additional material. Results: Five hundred fifty one records were screened and 416 records reviewed. Of 33 records describing HIV/STI prevention and/or access to SRH services among sex workers in conflict-affected settings, 24 were from sub-Saharan Africa; 18 studies described the results of primary research (13 quantitative, 3 qualitative, 2 mixed-methods) and 15 were non-primary research (e.g., commentaries, policy reports, programmatic manuals). Available evidence indicated that within conflict-affected settings, SWs’ capacity to engage in HIV/STI prevention and access SRH services is severely undermined by social and structural determinants including widespread violence and human rights violations, the collapse of livelihoods and traditional social structures, high levels of displacement, and difficulties accessing already scant health services due to stigma, discrimination and criminalization. Discussion/Conclusions: This review identified significant gaps in HIV/STI and SRH research, policy, and programming for conflict-affected sex workers, highlighting a critical gap in the humanitarian response. Sex worker-informed policies and interventions to promote HIV/STI prevention and access to HIV and SRH services using a rights-based approach are recommended, and further research on the degree to which conflict-affected sex workers are accessing HIV/STI and SRH services is recommended. A paradigm shift from the behavioural and biomedical approach to a human rights-based approach to HIV/STI prevention and SRH is strongly recommended.
title: Factors predicting a change in diagnosis in patients hospitalised through the emergency room
title: a prospective observational study
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hautz, Stefanie C.
name: Schuler, Luca
name: Kämmer, Juliane E.
name: Schauber, Stefan K.
name: Ricklin, Meret E.
name: Sauter, Thomas C.
name: Maier, Volker
name: Birrenbach, Tanja
name: Exadaktylos, Aristomenis
name: Hautz, Wolf E.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction Emergency rooms (ERs) generally assign a preliminary diagnosis to patients, who are then hospitalised and may subsequently experience a change in their lead diagnosis (cDx). In ERs, the cDx rate varies from around 15% to more than 50%. Among the most frequent reasons for diagnostic errors are cognitive slips, which mostly result from faulty data synthesis. Furthermore, physicians have been repeatedly found to be poor self-assessors and to be overconfident in the quality of their diagnosis, which limits their ability to improve. Therefore, some of the clinically most relevant research questions concern how diagnostic decisions are made, what determines their quality and what can be done to improve them. Research that addresses these questions is, however, still rare. In particular, field studies that allow for generalising findings from controlled experimental settings are lacking. The ER, with its high throughput and its many simultaneous visits, is perfectly suited for the study of factors contributing to diagnostic error. With this study, we aim to identify factors that allow prediction of an ER's diagnostic performance. Knowledge of these factors as well as of their relative importance allows for the development of organisational, medical and educational strategies to improve the diagnostic performance of ERs. Methods and analysis We will conduct a field study by collecting diagnostic decision data, physician confidence and a number of influencing factors in a real-world setting to model real-world diagnostic decisions and investigate the adequacy, validity and informativeness of physician confidence in these decisions. We will specifically collect data on patient, physician and encounter factors as predictors of the dependent variables. Statistical methods will include analysis of variance and a linear mixed-effects model. Ethics and dissemination The Bern ethics committee approved the study under KEK Number 197/15. Results will be published in peer-reviewed scientific medical journals. Authorship will be determined according to ICMJE guidelines. Trial registration number The study protocol Version 1.0 from 17 May 2015 is registered in the Inselspital Research Database Information System (IRDIS) and with the IRB (‘Kantonale Ethikkomission’) Bern under KEK Number 197/15.
Análisis comparado de las construcciones causativas del francés, español e inglés.
Creators: name: Pérez-Tattam, Rocío.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Language, Modern.

description: Esta tesis se centra en dos aspectos de la causacion. Por una parte, se analizan desde un punto de vista comparado las propiedades lexicas y mortosintacticas de las construcciones causativas analiticas (El director hizo trabajar a sus empleados), morfologicas (Mtsikana anaugw-ets-a mtsuko: "La chica hizo caer el cantaro") y lexicas (Juan rompio el vaso) en dos lenguas romance (frances y espanol) y una lengua germanica (ingles). Por otra parte, se estudian dos tipos de derivaciones que tienen lugar en la formacion de las causativas: la causafivizacion (la formacion de construcciones causativas a partir de construcciones no causativas) y la anticausativizacion (la formacion de construcciones no causativas a partir de construcciones causativas), que presentan propiedades y estan sometidas a restricciones diferentes. A partir del analisis de las construcciones causativas, este estudio tiene como objetivo encontrar pruebas para confirmar la hipotesis de que hay algunos tipos de causativas que estan sujetas no solo a restricciones de tipo sintactico, sino tambien de tipo lexico, aunque, como afirman Hale y Keyser (1999) en el marco de la Teoria Argumental, no estan sometidas a restricciones de tipo lexico-argumental.
The changing landscape of customer protection in the telecommunications industry
Creators: name: Alderson, Sarah
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: There has been extensive debate in Australia recently about the level of customer service and consumer complaints levels in the telecommunications industry. This debate has focussed on whether the level of customer service provided to consumers is the main cause of a recent increase in consumer complaint levels. This paper argues that it is not only the level of
customer service being provided but that the consumer protection system designed to help complainants is itself struggling to cope with complexity of the telecommunications industry.
Through a comparison of the Australian Telecommunications Industry Ombudsman (TIO) and the United Kingdom’s alternative dispute resolution schemes I highlight some of the key
differences which may illustrate why the operation and establishment of the TIO scheme may be contributing to the high number of complaints in Australia.
title: Hadithi Fupi Za KujiFunza Lugha ya Kiswahili
title: Short Stories for Swahili Reading Comprehension
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Nkurlu, Susana J
name: Peters, Rachel
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2024
Subjects: Swahili Language
Swahili Reading Comprehension
Swahili book
Swahili Reading Stories
Swahili Vocabulary
Swahili Learners
Swahili Learning
Swahili Teaching
Swahili Textbook
openhawks

description: This book applies a visual reading comprehension approach in Swahili teaching using pictures and text. It comprises of pictures accompanied by short texts that clarify what each picture presents in the written story. The book compiled short stories on different topics related to students’ daily lives including but not limited to greetings, self-introduction, transportation, family, weather, attending a class and doing different activities. The book offers students a chance to develop Swahili comprehension skills. It also allows the students to learn how to read and understand the text and exposes them to a wider range of vocabulary and grammar, which are useful elements in forming the correct language structures.
PULSAR OBSERVATIONS of EXTREME SCATTERING EVENTS
Creators: name: Coles, W. A.
name: Kerr, M.
name: Shannon, Ryan
name: Hobbs, G. B.
name: Manchester, R. N.
name: You, X.-P.
name: Bailes, Matthew
name: Bhat, N. D.R.
name: Burke-Spolaor, S.
name: Dai, S.
name: Keith, M. J.
name: Levin, Y.
name: Oslowski, Stefan
name: Ravi, V.
name: Reardon, Daniel
name: Toomey, L.
name: van Straten, Willem
name: Wang, J. B.
name: Wen, L.
name: Zhu, X. J.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5101
subject: Astronomical sciences
classificationCode: 5109
subject: Space sciences

description: Extreme scattering events (ESEs) in the interstellar medium (ISM) were first observed in regular flux measurements of compact extragalactic sources. They are characterized by a flux variation over a period of weeks, suggesting the passage of a 'diverging plasma lens' across the line of sight (LOS). Modeling the refraction of such a lens indicates that the structure size must be of the order of AU and the electron density of the order of 10s of cm-3. Similar structures have been observed in measurements of pulsar intensity scintillation and group delay. Here we report observations of two ESEs, showing increases in both intensity scintillation and dispersion made with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array. These allow us to make more complete models of the ESE, including an estimate of the 'outer-scale' of the turbulence in the plasma lens. These observations clearly show that the ESE structure is fully turbulent on an AU scale. They provide some support for the idea that the structures are extended along the LOS, such as would be the case for a scattering shell. The dispersion measurements also show a variety of AU scale structures that would not be called ESEs, yet involve electron density variations typical of ESEs and likely have the same origin.
The second language acquisition of Irish relative clauses: The morphology/syntax interface.
Creators: name: Scott, Sheila.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Language, Linguistics.

description: The thesis explores whether or not overt bound morphology triggers the acquisition of distinct structural representations or whether these representations are acquired independently of the morphology. Second language learners of Irish were tested to determine their level of sensitivity to distinct complementizer forms in Irish, aL which triggers lenition on the verb in the presence of a gap in the clause and aN which triggers eclipsis on the verb in the presence of a resumptive pronoun in the clause. Adult second language learners of Irish were tested using aural and written acceptability judgements tasks to determine if they had acquired a resumptive strategy according to the form of the complementizer. Results indicated that learners were not sensitive to the distinct complementizer, i.e., to the distinct mutations of the verbs. Gap structures were preferred regardless of the mutation on the verb. An emerging resumptive strategy appears to be present based on the acceptance of resumptive pronouns in the form of prepositional pronouns in the clause. It is argued that access to Universal Grammar has facilitated this development independently of the acquisition of the prescribed morphology. Results also appear to indicate that there is a generation gap between native speakers and their ability to distinguish between the aL and aN complementizers. A lack of sensitivity to the mutations appears to be present in the young bilingual speakers of Irish who grew up with both languages in the home. It is argued that increased exposure to a variety of dialects through the media as well as pressures of language contact, have had an impact.
The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Instrument specification and target selection
Creators: name: Bryant, J. J.
name: Owers, M. S.
name: Robotham, A. S.G.
name: Croom, S. M.
name: Driver, S. P.
name: Drinkwater, M. J.
name: Lorente, N. P.F.
name: Cortese, Luca
name: Scott, N.
name: Colless, M.
name: Schaefer, A.
name: Taylor, Edward
name: Konstantopoulos, I. S.
name: Allen, J. T.
name: Baldry, I.
name: Barnes, L.
name: Bauer, A. E.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Bloom, J. V.
name: Brooks, A. M.
name: Brough, S.
name: Cecil, G.
name: Couch, Warrick
name: Croton, Darren
name: Davies, R.
name: Ellis, S.
name: Fogarty, L. M.R.
name: Foster, C.
name: Glazebrook, Karl
name: Goodwin, M.
name: Green, A.
name: Gunawardhana, M. L.
name: Hampton, E.
name: Ho, I. T.
name: Hopkins, A. M.
name: Kewley, L.
name: Lawrence, J. S.
name: Leon-Saval, S. G.
name: Leslie, S.
name: McElroy, R.
name: Lewis, G.
name: Liske, J.
name: López-Sánchez, R.
name: Mahajan, S.
name: Medling, A. M.
name: Metcalfe, N.
name: Meyer, M.
name: Mould, Jeremy
name: Obreschkow, D.
name: O'Toole, S.
name: Pracy, M.
name: Richards, S. N.
name: Shanks, T.
name: Sharp, R.
name: Sweet, Sarah
name: Thomas, A. D.
name: Tonini, C.
name: Walcher, C. J.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 510103
subject: Cosmology and extragalactic astronomy

description: The SAMI Galaxy Survey will observe 3400 galaxies with the Sydney-AAO Multi- object Integral-field spectrograph (SAMI) on the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT) in a 3-year survey which began in 2013. We present the throughput of the SAMI system, the science basis and specifications for the target selection, the survey observation plan and the combined properties of the selected galaxies. The survey includes four volume- limited galaxy samples based on cuts in a proxy for stellar mass, along with low-stellar- mass dwarf galaxies all selected from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey. The GAMA regions were selected because of the vast array of ancillary data available, including ultraviolet through to radio bands. These fields are on the celestial equator at 9, 12, and 14.5 hours, and cover a total of 144 square degrees (in GAMA-I). Higher density environments are also included with the addition of eight clusters. The clusters have spectroscopy from 2dFGRS and SDSS and photometry in regions covered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and/or VLT Survey Telescope/ATLAS. The aim is to cover a broad range in stellar mass and environment, and therefore the primary survey targets cover redshifts 0.004 < z < 0.095, magnitudes rpet < 19.4, stellar masses 107– 1012M⊙, and environments from isolated field galaxies through groups to clusters of 1015M⊙.
Study of certain aspects of a class of nonlinear multiplicative systems.
Creators: name: Jafri, M. N.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1967
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

description: In this thesis we present a study of certain aspects of a class of nonlinear multiplicative systems. This study is carried out in three directions: (i) linear representation of nonlinear multiplicative systems; (ii) improvement in the performance of systems by introducing intentional multiplicative nonlinearities; (iii) stability study of systems in (ii). In Chapter II, it is shown that an open-loop nonlinear multiplicative system, if excited by a step function input, can be represented exactly by a linear system multiplied by a "gain factor". The method presented here is straightforward, and the representation for the nth order nonlinear multiplicative systems can be written after two complex convolution operations. In Chapter III, it is shown that the performance of linear systems up to third order, and some second order nonlinear differential systems, can be improved by introducing intentional multiplicative nonlinearities in the forward path of the feedback-control system. The resulting control systems are more sensitive to parameter variations than direct feedback control systems. The transient response is extremely insensitive to parameter variations due to high controller gain and presence of multipliers. However, the steady state output of the system changes with parameter variations, but can be corrected by changing the gains of the linear systems H2(s) and H3(s) as discussed in Chapter III. The improvement in the response of the given system, the relation between the number of multipliers and the order of the given linear system, and the relation of the poles of the given linear system to the poles of H2(s) and H3(s), are consistent in every case considered. In Chapter IV, the stability of the systems discussed in Chapter III is studied and shows that, according to Zubov's formulation, a closed form Liapunov function is not possible. However, these systems always have an equilibrium point, which is asymptotically stable and a Liapunov function of the quadratic form can be constructed to give a conservative estimate of the region of asymptotic stability around the equilibrium point.
Complaints handling and telecommunications in the United Kingdom and Australia
Creators: name: Graham, Cosmo
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This paper examines the trends in complaints against telecommunications providers in Australia and the UK. It discusses why complaint handling is important to consumers and then looks at the published available information on complaints in Australia and the UK. Having discussed the number of complaints, it examines the high level principles that internal complaint handling mechanisms ought to be designed around. It concludes that the number of complaints in Australia is exceptionally high and that this seems to be part of a wider issue about complaints handling and customer service in telecommunications in both countries, as well as raising questions about the regulatory arrangements in Australia.
Tight-binding parameters for wurtzite and wurtzite-zincblende crystal phase heterostructures
Creators: name: Sink, Joseph Robert
name: Sink, Joseph Robert
name: Sink, Joseph Robert
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2022
Subjects: Heterostructure
Polytype
Tight Binding
public abstract

description: Advances in growth techniques for group III-V and group IV materials now allows for the fabrication of pure wurtzite nanowires, wurtzite material heterostructures as well as mixed zincblende and wurtzite polytypic heterostructures. While the zincblende phase of these materials are used extensively in modern devices, many have indirect band gaps and long radiative lifetimes, which is detrimental to their efficiency when used in optical applications. By contrast, most of these materials in the wurtzite phase have a direct gap and are promising for use in producing highly efficient LEDs and quantum sensors. In this work, I present a new set of spds∗ empirical tight-binding models for wurtzite III-V (non-nitride) and group-IV materials fit to available experimental and theoretical data. While existing models have been available for the zincblende phase of these materials for many years, previous to this work no tight-binding models were suitable for use in the wurtzite phase. The wurtzite models I produce are constrained to be highly compatible with existing zincblende parameters to encourage maximal compatibility of the tight-binding models at a polytypic interface. While there is no shortage of interesting structures to consider, the structures investigated in this work are limited to axial polytypic heterostructures formed between semibulk regions of wurtzite and zincblende. All the tight-binding programs used to optimize parameters, build the Hamiltonian and otherwise investigate these systems were written by myself during the pursuit of this PhD.
Entwicklung von Indikatoren im Bereich Mobilität für die Nationale Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nachhaltige Entwicklung
subject: Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie
subject: Nachhaltige Mobilität
subject: Nachhaltigkeitsindikator
subject: Europäische Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie
subject: Verkehr
subject: Transport

description: Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Eignung der dort enthaltenen Mobilitätsindikatoren zu analysieren und bei Bedarf entsprechende Vorschläge zur Weiterentwicklung beziehungsweise Neuausrichtung zu entwickeln. Dabei wurden zunächst die für eine nachhaltige Mobilitätsentwicklung wichtigen Handlungsfelder und die dazugehörigen Indikatoren identifiziert. Im Anschluss erfolgten eine Bewertung der identifizierten Indikatoren sowie die Ableitung eines entsprechenden Indikatorvorschlags. Einbezogen wurden dabei die mobilitätsspezifischen Handlungsfelder "Umweltfreundliche Verkehrsabwicklung" und "Mobilität sichern", sowie die sektorübergreifenden Handlungsfelder "Nutzung energetischer Ressourcen", "Klimaschutz", "Luftqualität", "Lärm", "Flächeninanspruchnahme", "Verkehrssicherheit" sowie "finanzielle Nachhaltigkeit".
Quelle: www.umweltbundesamt.de

description: Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Eignung der dort enthaltenen Mobilitätsindikatoren zu analysieren und bei Bedarf entsprechende Vorschläge zur Weiterentwicklung beziehungsweise Neuausrichtung zu entwickeln. Dabei wurden zunächst die für eine nachhaltige Mobilitätsentwicklung wichtigen Handlungsfelder und die dazugehörigen Indikatoren identifiziert. Im Anschluss erfolgten eine Bewertung der identifizierten Indikatoren sowie die Ableitung eines entsprechenden Indikatorvorschlags. Einbezogen wurden dabei die mobilitätsspezifischen Handlungsfelder „Umweltfreundliche Verkehrsabwicklung“ und „Mobilität sichern“, sowie die sektorübergreifenden Handlungsfelder „Nutzung energetischer Ressourcen“, „Klimaschutz“, „Luftqualität“, „Lärm“, „Flächeninanspruchnahme“, „Verkehrssicherheit“ sowie „finanzielle Nachhaltigkeit“.
Choice of surrogate tissue influences neonatal EWAS findings
Creators: name: Lin, Xinyi
name: Teh, Ai L.
name: Chen, Li
name: Lim, Ives Y.
name: Tan, Pei F.
name: MacIsaac, Julia L.
name: Morin, Alexander M.
name: Yap, Fabian
name: Tan, Kok H.
name: Saw, Seang M.
name: Lee, Yung S.
name: Holbrook, Joanna D.
name: Godfrey, Keith M.
name: Meaney, Michael J.
name: Kobor, Michael S. (Geneticist)
name: Chong, Yap S.
name: Gluckman, Peter D.
name: Karnani, Neerja
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Background: Epigenomes are tissue specific and thus the choice of surrogate tissue can play a critical role in interpreting neonatal epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) and in their extrapolation to target tissue. To develop a better understanding of the link between tissue specificity and neonatal EWAS, and the contributions of genotype and prenatal factors, we compared genome-wide DNA methylation of cord tissue and cord blood, two of the most accessible surrogate tissues at birth. Methods: In 295 neonates, DNA methylation was profiled using Infinium HumanMethylation450 beadchip arrays. Sites of inter-individual variability in DNA methylation were mapped and compared across the two surrogate tissues at birth, i.e., cord tissue and cord blood. To ascertain the similarity to target tissues, DNA methylation profiles of surrogate tissues were compared to 25 primary tissues/cell types mapped under the Epigenome Roadmap project. Tissue-specific influences of genotype on the variable CpGs were also analyzed. Finally, to interrogate the impact of the in utero environment, EWAS on 45 prenatal factors were performed and compared across the surrogate tissues. Results: Neonatal EWAS results were tissue specific. In comparison to cord blood, cord tissue showed higher inter-individual variability in the epigenome, with a lower proportion of CpGs influenced by genotype. Both neonatal tissues were good surrogates for target tissues of mesodermal origin. They also showed distinct phenotypic associations, with effect sizes of the overlapping CpGs being in the same order of magnitude. Conclusions: The inter-relationship between genetics, prenatal factors and epigenetics is tissue specific, and requires careful consideration in designing and interpreting future neonatal EWAS. Trial registration This birth cohort is a prospective observational study, designed to study the developmental origins of health and disease, and was retrospectively registered on 1 July 2010 under the identifier NCT01174875 .
Respiratory response to graded FIO2 exposure in mice
Creators: name: Kalra, Hardik
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2025
Subjects: Apnea
Desaturation
Graded hypoxia
Mice
Plethysmograph
Pulse oximetry

description: Chronic intermittent hypoxia, CIH, is widely used in research to examine the physiological effects of sleep apnea. These studies commonly utilize mice as an experimental model. In room air, mice experience periodic apneas and arterial oxygen desaturations (1-3). Activation of the carotid body could stabilize breathing and decrease these events. Therefore, we hypothesized that C57BL/6, CD1, BALB/c, and 129S1 mice will experience fewer arterial desaturation and apnea events with decreasing fractional inspired oxygen (FIO2). We placed mice (5 male, 5 female) between 6 – 12 weeks old from each strain in an Emka® unrestrained barometric plethysmograph and measured pulse oximetry using the STARR LifeSciences MouseOx® Plus system. These mice were exposed to different levels of FIO2 for 10 minutes each: 0.21, 0.15, 0.12, 0.09, 0.30 ± 0.01. We used the American Academy of Sleep Medicine’s (AASM) definition of a desaturation event as a 3% deviation from the average oxygen saturation. An apnea event has previously been defined as a period of suspended breathing lasting 0.5 seconds or longer (2). We found the occurrence of an apnea event was usually followed by a desaturation event at decreasing levels of FIO2. Interestingly, most desaturation events were not preceded by an apnea event, suggesting that an apnea event causes a desaturation but there are desaturation events caused by other factors. Additionally, mice did not show fewer desaturation events when exposed to decreasing levels of FIO2. Actually, mice experienced more desaturation events at low levels of FIO2 (p < 0.001). We did not find a relationship between graded levels of FIO2 and apnea events (p = 0.922). The data demonstrate that most arterial desaturation events occur independent of apneas in mice, suggesting there is another cause for hypoxemia. These conclusions can be used to further investigate the cause of spontaneous desaturation events experienced by mice in room air.
Chemistry of low and medium-valent niobium complexes supported by anionic amides.
Creators: name: Tayebani, Maryam.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Chemistry, Inorganic.

description: Reaction of [NbCl3(TMEDA)]2 with LDA in a stoichiometric ratio of 1:3 Nb/Lithium amide, resulted in a new diamagnetic niobium (II) cluster (TMEDA)3Nb2Cl5Li (2.1) with a very short Nb≡Nb bond. Similarly, reaction of NbCl4(THF) 2 with 2 equiv. of Cy2NLi caused the reduction of the metal center to produce a diamagnetic and tetranuclear cluster, [Nb4Cl 12Li2(THF)8] (2.2). Further reaction of [NbCl3(TMEDA)]2 or (TMEDA)3Nb2Cl 5Li (2.1) with (3,5-Me2Ph)(Ad)NLi in THF yielded the tetravalent, dinuclear and diamagnetic {[(3,5-Me2Ph)(Ad)N]Nb(3,5Me 2Ph)}2(mu-NAd)2.2(ether) (2.3). In the reaction of Nb2Cl6(TMEDA)2 with azobenzene cleavage of the N=N bond results in the formation of the niobium imido complex, NbCl3(C6H5N)(TMEDA) (2.4). The reaction of Nb2Cl6(TMEDA)2 with the potassium salt of tripyrrolylmethane in a 1:1 ratio afforded two products which have been isolated and characterized. The first compound is the dinuclear {[H-C(C4H3N)3]Nb(THF)}2 •2THF (3.1) with two trivalent and diamagnetic metals bridged by two tripyrrolyl trianions. The second product of the reaction is {([H-C(C 4H3N)3]2NbK)2}{Nb4 Cl11[K(THF)2]2}•2THF (3.2 ) which displays some unusual features. The complex is ionic with the cationic {Nb4Cl11[K (THF)2]2} 2+ unit containing the metal in a mixed valence state and the cationic moiety are balanced by two identical anionic {([H-C(C4H3N) 3]2NbK)2}- units each containing Nb in the tetravalent state. A similar reaction carried out with the lithium salt of the tripyrrolide anion led instead to a monomeric tetravalent {[H-C(C 4H3N)3]2Nb}{Li (THF)4} 2 (3.3) complex. Reaction of Nb2Cl5Li(TMEDA)3 with Ph 2NK in THF afforded a complex reaction from which three complex were isolated and characterized. The first compound Cl2Nb 2(mu-Cl)3(TMEDA)2 (4.1) was obtained in analytically pure form as dark purple, paramagnetic and moderately air-sensitive crystals. The second compound is a trivalent and dinuclear {[(Ph2N) 2Nb]2[mu-NPh(mu-eta1:eta2-C 6H4)](mu-H)}{Li(TMEDA)2}.toluene (4.2 ) which was formed via oxidative addition of the two Nb(II) centers to the C--H sigma-bond of one aromatic ring. This species thermally rearranges into the dinuclear and diamagnetic (Ph2N) 2Nb{[mu-NPh(eta6-C6H5)] 2Nb}.ether (4.3). (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Human seroprevalence indicating hantavirus infections in tropical rainforests of Côte d’Ivoire and Democratic Republic of Congo
Creators: name: Witkowski, Peter T.
name: Leendertz, Siv A. J.
name: Auste, Brita
name: Akoua-Koffi, Chantal
name: Schubert, Grit
name: Klempa, Boris
name: Muyembe-Tamfum, Jean-Jacques
name: Karhemere, Stomy
name: Leendertz, Fabian H.
name: Krüger, Detlev H.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: hantavirus
subject: Africa
subject: seroprevalence
subject: Côte d’Ivoire
subject: Democratic Republic of Congo
subject: tropical rain forest
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Hantaviruses are members of the Bunyaviridae family carried by small mammals and causing human hemorrhagic fevers worldwide. In Western Africa, where a variety of hemorrhagic fever viruses occurs, indigenous hantaviruses have been molecularly found in animal reservoirs such as rodents, shrews, and bats since 2006. To investigate the human contact to hantaviruses carried by these hosts and to assess the public health relevance of hantaviruses for humans living in the tropical rainforest regions of Western and Central Africa, we performed a cross-sectional seroprevalence study in the region of Taï National Park in Côte d’Ivoire and the Bandundu region near the Salonga National Park in the Democratic Republic (DR) of Congo. Serum samples were initially screened with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using nucleoproteins of several hantaviruses as diagnostic antigens. Positive results were confirmed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence testing. Seroprevalence rates of 3.9% (27/687) and 2.4% (7/295), respectively, were found in the investigated regions in Côte d’Ivoire and the DR Congo. In Côte d’Ivoire, this value was significantly higher than the seroprevalence rates previously reported from the neighboring country Guinea as well as from South Africa. Our study indicates an exposure of humans to hantaviruses in West and Central African tropical rainforest areas. In order to pinpoint the possible existence and frequency of clinical disease caused by hantaviruses in this region of the world, systematic investigations of patients with fever and renal or respiratory symptoms are required.
The epigenetic studies in peri-implantitis subjects
Creators: name: Sinn, Richard
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Differential methylation
subject: Methylation
subject: Peri-implantitis
subject: Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing
subject: public abstract
subject: Epigenetics
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Aim: To investigate, using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), the differential methylation changes in the tissue samples obtained from peri-implantitis subjects compared to the tissue samples from healthy subjects.
description: Materials and Methods: Systemically healthy subjects (n = 5) with a diagnosis of periodontal health undergoing functional or esthetic crown lengthening and systemically healthy subjects (n = 5) with the diagnosis of peri-implantitis requiring surgical management of peri-implantitis were recruited from the University of Iowa, College of Dentistry Department of Periodontics. The tissue samples were stored in AllProtect Tissue Reagent (Qiagen) and stored in -80°C freezer until DNA extraction. DNA was extracted from each tissue biopsy using QiAmp Mini Spin Column (Qiagen), and the purity was ensured through agarose gel electrophoresis and the concentration was measured using Qubit dsDNA kit (Invitrogen). WGBS and statistical analyses to determine the differential methylation levels between peri-implantitis and control samples were performed at Novogene (Novogene Corporation Inc.)
description: Results: We identified CpG island methylation levels from the level of the entire genome down to the level of KEGG pathways. These methylation levels were compared between the healthy control samples and peri-implantitis samples to identify potential differences. Both hyper- and hypomethylation differences were observed at the chromosomal and KEGG pathway levels, respectively. The following 11 differentially methylated KEGG pathways were identified: autophagy, axon guidance, HPV pathway, MAPK pathway, metabolic pathway, mitophagy, pathways in cancer, PI3k-Akt signaling pathway, proteoglycans in cancer, Rap1 signaling, and Ras signaling.
description: Conclusion: Within the limitations of this pilot study, we have identified Cytosine-phosphate-Guanine (CpG) islands that are differently methylated between age and gender-matched samples from control and peri-implantitis subjects. These differentially methylated regions are associated with KEGG pathways that our data suggests may play a role in the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis and warrant further investigation in a larger sample size.
title: Diaper bags and doctorates
title: a phenomenological case study of doctoral student parents at a research university
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: France-Kelly, Abilasha Aparajithan
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2022
Subjects: asset-based mindset
belonging
doctoral student parents
role conflict
public abstract

description: This phenomenological case study investigated the experiences of doctoral student parents at a research university. Purposeful sampling was used to select six participants for maximum diversity of experience. The participants shared if and how their experience in their academic departments differed from their non-parent peers. The research questions used in this study focused on interactions with faculty to determine if belonging was a crucial element to the overall experience of the doctoral student parents. This study used theories of role conflict, role strain, and the reimagined theory of student departure to determine how the roles of parent and student impacted the ways in which belonging was achieved, or not achieved by the participants. Current literature places a strong emphasis on high rates of attrition, and it was discovered that although parenting while pursuing a doctoral education is challenging, especially during a global pandemic, it is not impossible. It was determined that belonging did not have the influential role in academic success for the doctoral student parents as literature states for undergraduate and masters-level student populations. The three major themes that came from the findings are time management, managing relationships with faculty and peers, and resources and support systems. To support the blending of doctoral student parent’s personal and academic lives, academic departments and the Graduate College could look to increasing resources that address financial support, increased remote learning options, and reimagining space on campus.
"Assistant angels": Canadian women as voluntary aid detachment nurses during and after the Great War, 1914-1930.
Creators: name: Quiney, Linda J.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: History, Canadian.

description: This study recovers the history of Canada's Voluntary Aid Detachment nurses, or VADs, from their creation as a reserve of emergency auxiliary nursing assistants in 1914 under the aegis of the St. John Ambulance Association, to their demobilization and resettlement into peacetime civilian life to 1930. Canada's VAD plan was modelled on a British scheme initiated in 1909 in anticipation of war in Europe. Intended to supplement the domestic military medical services, the role of the Canadian VADs evolved with the advent of the war into fulltime nursing assistance. The research for the study is based on archival sources, including diaries, letters and pre-recorded narratives of VADs who served in Canada and overseas, official government documents, and those of the St. John Ambulance and Red Cross in Canada and Britain, who were responsible for the VAD organisation. In addition to manuscript sources of individuals involved in the VAD movement, the published records from contemporary books, memoirs, journals and newspapers were examined. This research permitted the identification of 808 Canadian VADs, out of an estimated 2,000 primarily young, single, middle-class Anglo-Protestant women, who served as nursing assistants, but also as ambulance drivers and support personnel. The study demonstrates the evolution of Canadian VADs as an extension of the nineteenth century voluntarist traditions of the women's movement. Through patriotic and maternalist ideology, VAD service was legitimised as a form of voluntary active service for women, equating to masculine military service. Excluded from Canada's military hospitals overseas, VADs served in military convalescent hospitals at home, and British military hospitals abroad. As volunteers, they challenged the professional aspirations of Canada's qualified graduate nurses, motivating them to seek regulation of the qualifications for nursing practice, and elevating the educational standards. Volunteering as a VAD offered Canadian women a singular opportunity for active war service. Previously overshadowed by British VAD experience, the study of Canada's VADs restores a dynamic organisation to the history of women and women's work, as well as contributing to scholarship in Canadian medical and military history.
The SLUGGS survey: Combining stellar and globular cluster metallicities in the outer regions of early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Pastorello, N.
name: Forbes, Duncan
name: Usher, C.
name: Brodie, Jean
name: Romanowsky, A. J.
name: Strader, J.
name: Spitler, L. R.
name: Alabi, A. B.
name: Foster, C.
name: Jennings, Z. G.
name: Kartha, S. S.
name: Pota, V.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 510103
subject: Cosmology and extragalactic astronomy

description: The outer halo regions of early-type galaxies carry key information about their past accretion history. However, spectroscopically probing the stellar component at such galactocentric radii is still challenging. Using Keck/DEIMOS, we have been able to measure the metallicities of the stellar and globular cluster components in 12 early-type galaxies out to more than 10 Re. We find similar metallicity gradients for the metal-poor and metal-rich globular cluster subpopulations, suggesting a common formation process for the two subpopulations. This is in conflict with most current theoretical predictions, where the metal-poor globular clusters are thought to be purely accreted and metal-rich globular clusters mostly formed in-situ. Moreover, we find that the globular cluster metallicity gradients show a trend with galaxy mass, being steeper in lower-mass galaxies than in higher-mass galaxies. This is similar to what we find for the outermost galaxy stars and suggests a more active accretion history, with a larger role played by major mergers, in the most massive galaxies. This conclusion is qualitatively consistent with expectations from two-phase galaxy assembly models. Finally, we find that the small difference in metallicity between galaxy stars and metal-rich globular clusters at 1 Re may correlate with galaxy mass. The origin of this difference is not currently clear.
Understanding legal risks facing children and young people using social network sites
Creators: name: Lindsay, David
name: de Zwart, Melissa
name: Henderson, Michael
name: Phillips, Michael
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Children and young people are increasingly participating in everyday use of Social Networking Sites (SNS), such as Facebook or MySpace, to the extent that such interactions have come to be seen as an essential part of growing up. To date, at least in Australia, mainstream discussion and policy debates about young people and SNS have tended to focus on high profile risks associated with these activities, such as cyber-bullying and online grooming of children by adults. While not dismissing the potential risks of SNS use by young people, it is important to understand the potential benefits that may accrue from online social
interactions, including the acquisition of social and technical skills that are likely to be important for future digital citizens. Moreover, it is also important not to ignore other potential, albeit less dramatic, risks that may arise from SNS use. This article, which reports on research conducted for a project funded by the Victorian Law Foundation, focuses on the range of legal risks that children and young people may face in their everyday use of SNS. These legal risks are likely to receive much greater attention as a result of a recent high-profile case involving the posting of nude photographs of Australian footballers to Facebook by a
Melbourne teenager. The article identifies and explains the main areas of the law that may be breached by common uses of SNS, before explaining the legal issues arising from the Melbourne schoolgirl incident. It then summarises the results of surveys and focus groups conducted with Victorian High School students about their perceptions of the risks associated with use of SNS. The article concludes with an analysis of the research findings, and some suggestions as to how the popularity of SNS with young people may be used to engage students in learning about, and debating, the application of the law to online activities, especially the use of SNS. The full findings of the project will be available in a report to be published in early 2011.
The effect of terazosin (TZ) on the PGK1 step of glycolysis
Creators: name: Riley, Mitchell J.
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2022
Subjects: Competitive
Inhibitor
Parkinson's
PGK1
Terazosin
public abstract

description: We begin this thesis with a discussion of how disease can be studied via metabolism and narrow the focus to glycolytic enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1), its role in glycolysis, and its role as a target for drug treatment. In particular, the drug terazosin (TZ) has been used to target PGK1 in an effort to treat metabolic stress caused by diseases such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, ALS, and even ulcerative colitis.
description: The PGK1 step of glycolysis is the first step to produce ATP and it is thought that ATP is helpful in disaggregating disease causing proteins in the aforementioned ailments via its hydrotropic properties. TZ is known to bind directly to PGK1, facilitating its ability to produce ATP. It is not known how TZ causes this increase and TZ only helps at a critical dose, meaning too high or too little TZ can be ineffective or even detrimental. In this thesis we call this non-monotone dose dependence.
description: To find out how TZ could be affecting the PGK1 step of glycolysis, we first build a preliminary kinetic model of the PGK1 step that only includes the reversible binding and unbinding of PGK1 to its substrates, 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-bPG) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). We perform a steady-state and local sensitivity analysis on the kinetic parameters to gain a feel for which parameters could play a role in increasing ATP production in the PGK1 step. Then a fully-fledged PGK1 model is built, allowing also the reversible binding and unbinding of PGK1's products, 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Again, steady-state and local sensitivity analyses are performed and a critical value for a kinetic parameter is shown to produce a non-monotone output in ATP when perturbed. Finally, an explicit dose of TZ is incorporated in the PGK1 step as a competitive inhibitor and, interestingly, TZ doses give a non-monotone output in ATP. Upon this finding, we analyze the detailed balance (or fluxome) of each PGK1 step interaction with a different dose of TZ. This allows us to discover a possible way TZ is boosting ATP output at the PGK1 step as a competitive inhibitor, sometimes called competitive inhibitor stimulation.
Concurrent modulation of anxiety and memory in the infralimbic ventromedial prefrontal cortex.
Creators: name: Wall, Philip M.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Biology, Neuroscience.

description: The present series of experiments systematically investigated the relative contributions of the infralimbic area of the orbitomedial prefrontal cortex to the concurrent modulation of anxiety-like behaviour, aversive learning and active working memory in CD-1 mice. Overlapping neural transmission was evaluated by testing the possibility that the behavioural effects of kappa opioid or muscarinic M1 drug infusions in the infralimbic orbitomedial prefrontal cortex could concurrently influence both cognitive/behavioural processes. The behavioural results derived from Experiments 2a, 2b, 3, 4a, 4b, 4c and 5 provide direct evidence for orbitomedial prefrontal cortical involvement in the concurrent modulation of anxiety and associative working memory. In addition, the aggregate results support the hypotheses that (a) cholinergic muscarinic M1 receptor activation in the infralimbic cortex enhances anxiety, aversive learning and active working memory, (b) kappa opioid receptor activation in the infralimbic cortex reduces anxiety, disrupts aversive learning and enhances active working memory, (c) kappa opioid and muscarinic M1 receptors interact in the infralimbic cortex in the concurrent modulation of anxiety and memory, and (d) basal forebrain-orbitomedial prefrontal cholinergic terminal activation likely influences anxiety and working memory in the orbitomedial prefrontal cortex through effects on attentional processing. Results are discussed in light of theoretical perspectives that view anxiety disorders in the cognitive, rather than the emotional domain. We think our systematic approach to the investigation of the role of the orbitomedial prefrontal cortex in the concurrent modulation of anxiety, working memory and attentional processing, is contributing to the understanding of the complex nature of orbitomedial prefrontal neural circuitry and the complex executive functions subserved by this associative cortical network.