cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analytical solution for the surface states of antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi$_2$Te$_4$
Creators: name: Sun, Hai-Peng
name: Wang, C. M.
name: Zhang, Song-Bo
name: Chen, Rui
name: Zhao, Yue
name: Liu, Chang
name: Liu, Qihang
name: Chen, Chaoyu
name: Lu, Hai-Zhou
name: Xie, X. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the intrinsic magnetic topological insulator MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ has attracted great attention. It has an out-of-plane antiferromagnetic order, which is believed to open a sizable energy gap in the surface states. This gap, however, was not always observable in the latest angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) experiments. To address this issue, we analytically derive an effective model for the two-dimensional (2D) surface states by starting from a three-dimensional (3D) Hamiltonian for bulk MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ and taking into account the spatial profile of the bulk magnetization. Our calculations suggest that the diminished surface gap may be caused by a much smaller and more localized intralayer ferromagnetic order. In addition, we calculate the spatial distribution and penetration depth of the surface states, which indicates that the surface states are mainly embedded in the first two septuple layers from the terminating surface. From our analytical results, the influence of the bulk parameters on the surface states can be found explicitly. Furthermore, we derive a $\bf{k}\cdot \bf{p}$ model for MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ thin films and show the oscillation of the Chern number between odd and even septuple layers. Our results will be helpful for the ongoing explorations of the MnBi$_x$Te$_y$ family.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Ultimate decoherence border for matter-wave interferometry
Creators: name: Lamine, Brahim
name: Hervé, Rémy
name: Lambrecht, Astrid
name: Reynaud, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stochastic backgrounds of gravitational waves are intrinsic fluctuations of spacetime which lead to an unavoidable decoherence mechanism. This mechanism manifests itself as a degradation of the contrast of quantum interferences. It defines an ultimate decoherence border for matter-wave interferometry using larger and larger molecules. We give a quantitative characterization of this border in terms of figures involving the gravitational environment as well as the sensitivity of the interferometer to gravitational waves. The known level of gravitational noise determines the maximal size of the molecular probe for which interferences may remain observable. We discuss the relevance of this result in the context of ongoing progresses towards more and more sensitive matter-wave interferometry.
description: 4 pages
Entwicklung und Realisierung eines Prototyps zur Erfassung einzelner Produktionsabläufe und Protokollierung dieser in einer Datenbank
Creators: name: Schmieder, Eric
Publisher: name: Hochschulbibliothek, Hochschule Magdeburg-Stendal
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Bei der Produktion von elektronischen Geräten werden je nach Komplexität der Baugruppe verschiedene Arbeitsschritte vollzogen. Hierbei ist eine Rückverfolgbarkeit der einzelnen Arbeitsschritte Voraussetzung, um eine höchstmögliche Transparenz der Produktion zu er-halten. Diese ist einerseits für eine preisliche Bewertung und eine maximale Effizienz der Arbeitsschritte unabdingbar, andererseits muss beispielsweise bei möglichen qualitativen Mängeln jederzeit eine Aussage darüber getroffen werden können, welche Produktionsserie von defekten Bauteilen betroffen ist. Um die einzelnen Arbeitsschritte zu protokollieren, wurde ein Einplatinencomputer für verschiedenste Arbeitsplätze entwickelt. Gegenstand dieser Arbeit ist die Erstellung des Betriebssystems auf LINUX-Basis für den Einplatinen-computer, die Konstruktion einer MySQL-Datenbankstruktur und die Programmierung der Anwendungssoftware in Python. Nachfolgend werden die notwendigen Grundlagen zu die-ser Thematik erläutert, die verwendete Hardware mit dazugehörigem Aufbau dargestellt und die einzelnen Softwareaspekte erklärt. Abschließend werden die Ergebnisse der Testmes-sungen von zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsplätzen veranschaulicht, analysiert und verschiedene Erweiterungsmöglichkeiten dargelegt.
The Effect of Charge Discretization on the Electrical Field inside a Conductor
Creators: name: Nguyen, Nam H.
name: Tran, Quy C.
name: Nguyen, Thach A.
name: Phan, Trung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the electrical field inside the conductor changes as a function of the number of charged-particles. We show that the non-vanishing electrical field is concentrated near the surface of the conductor, at a shallow depth on the same order of magnitude as the separation between charges. Our study has illustrated the effect of charge discretization on a fundamental emergent law of electrostatics.
Ages and metallicities of early-type galaxies in the SDSS: new insight into the physical origin of the colour-magnitude and the Mg2-sigmaV relations
Creators: name: Gallazzi, A.
name: Charlot, S.
name: Brinchmann, J.
name: White, S. D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exploit recent constraints on the ages and metallicities of early-type galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) to gain new insight into the physical origin of two fundamental relations obeyed by these galaxies: the colour-magnitude and the Mg2-sigmaV relations. Our sample consists of 26,003 galaxies selected from the SDSS DR2 on the basis of their concentrated light profiles, for which we have previously derived median-likelihood estimates of stellar metallicity, light-weighted age and stellar mass. Our analysis provides the most unambiguous demonstration to date of the fact that both relations are primarily sequences in stellar mass and that total stellar metallicity, alpha-elements-to-iron abundance ratio and light-weighted age all increase with mass along the two relations. For high-mass ellipticals, the dispersion in age is small and consistent with the error. At the low-mass end, there is a tail towards younger ages, which dominates the scatter in colour and index strength at fixed mass. A small, but detectable, intrinsic scatter in the mass-metallicity relation also contributes to the scatter in the two observational scaling relations, even at high masses. Our results suggest that the chemical composition of an early-type galaxy is more tightly related to its dynamical mass (including stars and dark matter) than to its stellar mass. The ratio between stellar mass and dynamical mass appears to decrease from the least massive to the most massive galaxies in our sample.
description: 22 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS, couple of references added and minor changes after proof correction
A microscopic Kondo lattice model for the heavy fermion antiferromagnet CeIn$_3$
Creators: name: Simeth, W.
name: Wang, Z.
name: Ghioldi, E. A.
name: Fobes, D. M.
name: Podlesnyak, A.
name: Sung, N. H.
name: Bauer, E. D.
name: Lass, J.
name: Vonka, J.
name: Mazzone, D. G.
name: Niedermayer, C.
name: Nomura, Yusuke
name: Arita, Ryotaro
name: Batista, C. D.
name: Ronning, F.
name: Janoschek, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrons at the border of localization generate exotic states of matter across all classes of strongly correlated electron materials and many other quantum materials with emergent functionality. Heavy electron metals are a model example, in which magnetic interactions arise from the opposing limits of localized and itinerant electrons. This remarkable duality is intimately related to the emergence of a plethora of novel quantum matter states such as unconventional superconductivity, electronic-nematic states, hidden order and most recently topological states of matter such as topological Kondo insulators and Kondo semimetals and putative chiral superconductors. The outstanding challenge is that the archetypal Kondo lattice model that captures the underlying electronic dichotomy is notoriously difficult to solve for real materials. Here we show, using the prototypical strongly-correlated antiferromagnet CeIn$_3$, that a multi-orbital periodic Anderson model embedded with input from ab initio bandstructure calculations can be reduced to a simple Kondo-Heisenberg model, which captures the magnetic interactions quantitatively. We validate this tractable Hamiltonian via high-resolution neutron spectroscopy that reproduces accurately the magnetic soft modes in CeIn$_3$, which are believed to mediate unconventional superconductivity. Our study paves the way for a quantitative understanding of metallic quantum states such as unconventional superconductivity.
Constraining CPT violation with Hyper-Kamiokande and ESSnuSB
Creators: name: Majhi, Rudra
name: Singha, Dinesh Kumar
name: Deepthi, K. N.
name: Mohanta, Rukmani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CPT invariance is one of the most fundamental symmetries in nature and it plays a major role in the formulation of Quantum Field Theory. Although no definitive signal of CPT violation has been observed so far, there are many reasons to carefully investigate various low-energy phenomena that can provide better probes to test CPT symmetry. In this context, neutrino experiments are expected to provide more stringent bounds on CPT invariance violation when compared to the existing bounds from the Kaon system. In this work, we investigate the sensitivity of the upcoming long-baseline experiments: Hyper Kamiokande (T2HK, T2HKK), ESSnuSB and DUNE to constrain the CPT violating parameters $Δ(δ_{CP})$, $Δ(m^2_{31})$ and $Δ(\sin^2 θ_{23})$, which characterize the difference between neutrino and antineutrino oscillation parameters. Further, we analyse neutrino and antineutrino data independently and constrain the oscillation parameters governing them by considering the combination of these experiments (DUNE+T2HKK and DUNE+ESSnuSB). In addition, assuming CPT symmetry is violated in nature, we study the individual ability of the aforementioned experiments to establish CPT violation. We found that the experiments Hyper-K (T2HK, T2HKK) and ESSnuSB, along with DUNE, will be able to establish CPT violation in their proposed run-times.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Non-Markovian diffusion over a parabolic potential barrier: influence of the friction-memory function
Creators: name: Yilmaz, B.
name: Ayik, S.
name: Abe, Y.
name: Boilley, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The over-passing probability across an inverted parabolic potential barrier is investigated according to the classical and quantal generalized Langevin equations. It is shown that, in the classical case, the asymptotic value of the over-passing probability is determined by a single dominant root of the "characteristic function", and it is given by a simple expression. The expression for the over-passing probability is quite general, and details of dissipation mechanism and memory effects enter into the expression only through the dominant root of the characteristic equation.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, accepted to PRE
Statistical inference of the inter-sample Dice distribution for discriminative CNN brain lesion segmentation models
Creators: name: Raina, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Discriminative convolutional neural networks (CNNs), for which a voxel-wise conditional Multinoulli distribution is assumed, have performed well in many brain lesion segmentation tasks. For a trained discriminative CNN to be used in clinical practice, the patient's radiological features are inputted into the model, in which case a conditional distribution of segmentations is produced. Capturing the uncertainty of the predictions can be useful in deciding whether to abandon a model, or choose amongst competing models. In practice, however, we never know the ground truth segmentation, and therefore can never know the true model variance. In this work, segmentation sampling on discriminative CNNs is used to assess a trained model's robustness by analyzing the inter-sample Dice distribution on a new patient solely based on their magnetic resonance (MR) images. Furthermore, by demonstrating the inter-sample Dice observations are independent and identically distributed with a finite mean and variance under certain conditions, a rigorous confidence based decision rule is proposed to decide whether to reject or accept a CNN model for a particular patient. Applied to the ISLES 2015 (SISS) dataset, the model identified 7 predictions as non-robust, and the average Dice coefficient calculated on the remaining brains improved by 12 percent.
description: Proceedings of the 14th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies, Volume 2: BIOIMAGING 2021
Kinetic Accessibility of Buried DNA Sites in Nucleosomes
Creators: name: Mobius, Wolfram
name: Neher, Richard A.
name: Gerland, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Using a theoretical model for spontaneous partial DNA unwrapping from histones, we study the transient exposure of protein-binding DNA sites within nucleosomes. We focus on the functional dependence of the rates for site exposure and reburial on the site position, which is measurable experimentally and pertinent to gene regulation. We find the dependence to be roughly described by a random walker model. Close inspection reveals a surprising physical effect of flexibility-assisted barrier crossing, which we characterize within a toy model, the "semiflexible Brownian rotor."
description: final version as published in Phys. Rev. Lett
Development and Testing of an LED-Based Near-Infrared Sensor for Human Kidney Tumor Diagnostics
Creators: name: Bogomolov, Andrey
name: Zabarylo, Urszula
name: Kirsanov, Dmitry
name: Belikova, Valeria
name: Ageev, Vladimir
name: Usenov, Iskander
name: Galyanin, Vladislav
name: Minet, Olaf
name: Sakharova, Tatiana
name: Danielyan, Georgy
name: Feliksberger, Elena
name: Artyushenko, Viacheslav
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: 530 Physik
subject: tumor detection
subject: kidney
subject: fiber spectroscopy
subject: optical sensor
subject: near infrared
subject: LED

description: Optical spectroscopy is increasingly used for cancer diagnostics. Tumor detection feasibility in human kidney samples using mid- and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy has been reported (Artyushenko et al., Spectral fiber sensors for cancer diagnostics in vitro. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Biomedical Optics, Munich, Germany, 21–25 June 2015). In the present work, a simplification of the NIR spectroscopic analysis for cancer diagnostics was studied. The conventional high-resolution NIR spectroscopic method of kidney tumor diagnostics was replaced by a compact optical sensing device constructively represented by a set of four light-emitting diodes (LEDs) at selected wavelengths and one detecting photodiode. Two sensor prototypes were tested using 14 in vitro clinical samples of 7 different patients. Statistical data evaluation using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) confirmed the general applicability of the LED-based sensing approach to kidney tumor detection. An additional validation of the results was performed by means of sample permutation.
Reduction and reconstruction of SDEs via Girsanov and quasi Doob symmetries
Creators: name: De Vecchi, Francesco C.
name: Morando, Paola
name: Ugolini, Stefania
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60H10, 58D19

description: A reduction procedure for stochastic differential equations based on stochastic symmetries including Girsanov random transformations is proposed. In this setting, a new notion of reconstruction is given, involving the expectation values of functionals of solution to the SDE and a reconstruction theorem for general stochastic symmetries is proved. Moreover, the notable case of reduction under the closed subclass of quasi Doob transformations is presented. The theoretical results are applied to stochastic models relevant in the applications.
description: We have fixed an error in the proof of Proposition 24 (former Proposition 23) and corrected some typos
The d-bar approach to approximate inverse scattering at fixed energy in three dimensions
Creators: name: Novikov, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the d-bar approach to inverse scattering at fixed energy in dimensions $d\ge 3$ of [Beals, Coifman 1985] and [Henkin, Novikov 1987]. As a result we propose a stable method for nonlinear approximate finding a potential $v$ from its scattering amplitude $f$ at fixed energy $E>0$ in dimension $d=3$. In particular, in three dimensions we stably reconstruct n-times smooth potential $v$ with sufficient decay at infinity, $n>3$, from its scattering amplitude $f$ at fixed energy $E$ up to $O(E^{-(n-3-ε)/2})$ in the uniform norm as $E\to +\infty$ for any fixed arbitrary small $ε>0$ (that is with almost the same decay rate of the error for $E\to +\infty$ as in the linearized case near zero potential).
Dimensions of Commonsense Knowledge
Creators: name: Ilievski, Filip
name: Oltramari, Alessandro
name: Ma, Kaixin
name: Zhang, Bin
name: McGuinness, Deborah L.
name: Szekely, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Commonsense knowledge is essential for many AI applications, including those in natural language processing, visual processing, and planning. Consequently, many sources that include commonsense knowledge have been designed and constructed over the past decades. Recently, the focus has been on large text-based sources, which facilitate easier integration with neural (language) models and application to textual tasks, typically at the expense of the semantics of the sources and their harmonization. Efforts to consolidate commonsense knowledge have yielded partial success, with no clear path towards a comprehensive solution. We aim to organize these sources around a common set of dimensions of commonsense knowledge. We survey a wide range of popular commonsense sources with a special focus on their relations. We consolidate these relations into 13 knowledge dimensions. This consolidation allows us to unify the separate sources and to compute indications of their coverage, overlap, and gaps with respect to the knowledge dimensions. Moreover, we analyze the impact of each dimension on downstream reasoning tasks that require commonsense knowledge, observing that the temporal and desire/goal dimensions are very beneficial for reasoning on current downstream tasks, while distinctness and lexical knowledge have little impact. These results reveal preferences for some dimensions in current evaluation, and potential neglect of others.
Performance of a modified 1.4 MeV/u gas stripper for $^{238}$U$^{4+}$
Creators: name: Scharrer, P.
name: Jäger, E.
name: Barth, W.
name: Bevcic, M.
name: Düllmann, C. E.
name: Groening, L.
name: Horn, K.
name: Jadambaa, K.
name: Krier, J.
name: Yakushev, A.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Modulational instabilities in Josephson oscillations of elongated coupled condensates
Creators: name: Bouchoule, Isabelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Josephson oscillations of two coupled elongated condensates. Linearized calculations show that the oscillating mode uniform over the length of the condensates (uniform Josephson mode) is unstable : modes of non zero longitudinal momentum grow exponentially. In the limit of strong atom interactions, we give scaling laws for the instability time constant and unstable wave vectors. Beyond the linearized approach, numerical calculations show a damped recurrence behavior : the energy in the Josephson mode presents damped oscillations. Finally, we derive conditions on the confinement of the condensates to prevent instabilities.
Inflationary magnetogenesis with reheating phase from higher curvature coupling
Creators: name: Bamba, Kazuharu
name: Elizalde, E.
name: Odintsov, S. D.
name: Paul, Tanmoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the generation of magnetic fields from inflation, which occurs via breakdown of the conformal invariance of the electromagnetic (EM) field, when coupled with the Ricci scalar and the Gauss-Bonnet invariant. For the case of instantaneous reheating, the resulting strength of the magnetic field at present is too small and violates the observational constraints. However, the problem is solved provided there is a reheating phase with a non-zero e-fold number. During reheating, the energy density of the magnetic field is seen to evolve as $(a^3H)^{-2}$ and, after that, as $a^{-4}$ up to the present epoch (here $a$ is the scale factor and $H$ the Hubble parameter). It is found that this reheating phase -- characterized by a certain e-fold number, a constant value of the equation of state parameter, and a given reheating temperature -- renders the magnetogenesis model compatible with the observational constraints. The model provides, in turn, a viable way of constraining the reheating equation of state parameter, from data analysis of the cosmic microwave background radiation. Moreover we discuss the Schwinger backreaction in the present context and determine the necessary constraints on the reheating equation of state parameter.
description: JCAP accepted..(Two sections added in the revised version - "Curvature perturbation induced from EM field" and "Constraints from Schwinger backreaction")
Aufbau eines Antennenmessplatzes, sowie der Entwurf eines Übergangs von Hohlleiter auf Mikrostreifenleitung im Frequenzbereich von 110 GHz- 170 GHz
Creators: name: Binde, Fabian
Publisher: name: Hochschulbibliothek, Hochschule Magdeburg-Stendal
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Die Masterarbeit "Aufbau eines Antennenmessplatzes, sowie der Entwurf eines Übergangs von Hohlleiter auf Mikrostreifenleitung im Frequenzbereich von 110 GHz- 170 GHz" wurde von Fabian Binde verfasst. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist, einen Antennenmessplatz im hochfrequenten Bereich ab 100 GHz aufzubauen, damit die Richtcharakteristik von Antennen bestimmt werden kann. Hinzukommend wird ein Koaxialkabel- Hohlleiter Übergang im Bereich von 18 GHz- 26 GHz simuliert und gefertigt. Anschließend wird ein Entwurf eines Übergangs von Hohlleiter auf Mikrostreifenleitung erstellt und die Simulation einer Patchantenne im Frequenzbereich von 110 GHz- 170 GHz durchgeführt. Dazu werden im ersten Teil der Arbeit die Grundlagen zum Frequenzbereich, Hohlleitern und Streifenleitern erklärt. Im zweiten Teil geht es um die Simulationen der Übergänge und der Patchantenne, dabei wird die Herangehensweise von Simulationen genauer beschrieben. Im letzten Kapitel werden die Planung und der Aufbau eines Antennenmesstisches beschrieben.
Tunneling study in granular aluminum near the Mott metal-to-insulator transition
Creators: name: Moshe, Aviv Glezer
name: Tuvia, Gal
name: Avraham, Shilo
name: Farber, Eli
name: Deutscher, Guy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find excellent agreement between tunneling and optical conductivity gap values in superconducting granular aluminum films, up to the metal-to-insulator transition. This behavior, in strong contrast with that recently reported in atomically disordered samples for which the optical gap becomes smaller than the tunneling gap, suggests that disorder is not at the origin of the transition. The large increase seen in the strong coupling ratio and a finite value of the gap at T_c near the metal-to-insulator transition are consistent with a BCS to BEC crossover.
description: To appear in PRB
High current proton beam operation at GSI UNILAC
Creators: name: Heilmann, M.
name: Barth, W.
name: Adonin, A.
name: Gerhard, P.
name: Hollinger, R.
name: Vinzenz, W.
name: Vormann, H.
name: Yaramyshev, S.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Electric field-induced wave-packet dynamics and geometrical rearrangement of trilobite Rydberg molecules
Creators: name: Hummel, Frederic
name: Keiler, Kevin
name: Schmelcher, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quantum dynamics of ultra-long-range trilobite molecules exposed to homogeneous electric fields. A trilobite molecule consists of a Rydberg atom and a ground-state atom, which is trapped at large internuclear distances in an oscillatory potential due to scattering of the Rydberg electron off the ground-state atom. Within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, we derive an analytic expression for the two-dimensional adiabatic electronic potential energy surface in weak electric fields valid up to 500 V/m. This is used to unravel the molecular quantum dynamics employing the Multi-Configurational Time-Dependent Hartree method. Quenches of the electric field are performed to trigger the wave packet dynamics including the case of field inversion. Depending on the initial wave packet, we observe radial intra-well and inter-well oscillations as well as angular oscillations and rotations of the respective one-body probability densities. Opportunities to control the molecular configuration are identified, a specific example being the possibility to superimpose different molecular bond lengths by a series of periodic quenches of the electric field.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Status of the HE-Linac project at GSI
Creators: name: Mickat, S.
name: Droba, M.
name: Du, X.
name: Groening, L.
name: Hähnel, H.
name: Orzhekovskaya, A.
name: Ratzinger, U.
name: Seibel, A.
name: Tiede, R.
name: Vormann, H.
name: Xiao, C.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Classical and Quantum Magnetic Ground States on an Icosahedral Cluster
Creators: name: Suzuki, Shintaro
name: Tamura, Ryuji
name: Sugimoto, Takanori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent discovery of various magnetism in Tsai-type quasicrystalline approximants, in whose alloys rare-earth ions located on icosahedral apices are coupled with each other via the Ruderman--Kittel--Kasuya--Yosida interaction, opens an avenue to find novel magnetism originating from the icosahedral symmetry. Here we investigate classical and quantum magnetic states on an icosahedral cluster within the Heisenberg interactions of all bonds. Simulated annealing and numerical diagonalization are performed to obtain the classical and quantum ground states. We obtain qualitative correspondence of classical and quantum phase diagrams. Our study gives a good starting point to understand the various magnetism in not only quasicrystalline approximants but also quasicrystals.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Development of a KONUS based High Energy Linac for the UNILAC
Creators: name: Hähnel, H.
name: Ratzinger, U.
name: Tiede, R.
name: Mickat, S.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
From Color Fields to Quark Gluon Plasma
Creators: name: Fries, Rainer J.
name: Kapusta, Joseph I.
name: Li, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a model for the energy distribution and the early space-time evolution of a heavy ion collision. We estimate the gluon field generated in the wake of hard processes and through primordial fluctuations of the color charges in the nuclei. Without specifying the dynamical mechanism of thermalization we calculate the energy momentum tensor of the following plasma phase. The results of this model can be used as initial conditions for a further hydrodynamic evolution.
description: Contribution to Quark Matter 2005; 4 pages, 4 figures
Optimization of the KONUS beam dynamics for the HE-Linac
Creators: name: Orzhekhovskaya, A.
name: Clemente, G.
name: Groening, L.
name: Mickat, S.
name: Schlitt, B.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Status of the cold model for the HE-Linac cavities
Creators: name: Seibel, A.
name: Du, X.
name: Groening, L.
name: Kester, O.
name: Mickat, S.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Conventional Magnetic Superconductors: Coexistence of Singlet Superconductivity and Magnetic Order
Creators: name: Kulic, Miodrag L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The basic physics of bulk magnetic superconductors (MS) related to the problem of the coexistence of singlet superconductivity (SC) and magnetic order is reviewed. The interplay between exchange (EX) and electromagnetic (EM) interaction is discussed and argued that the singlet SC and uniform ferromagnetic (F) order practically never coexist. In case of their mutual coexistence the F order is modified into a domain-like or spiral structure depending on magnetic anisotropy. It turns out that this situation is realized in several superconductors such as $ErRh_{4}B_{4}$, $HoMo_{6}S_{8}$, $HoMo_{6}Se_{8}$ with electronic and in $AuIn_{2}$ with nuclear magnetic order. The later problem is also discussed here. The coexistence of SC and antiferromagnetism is more favorable than with the modified F order. Very interesting physics is realized in systems with SC and weak-ferromagnetism which results in an very reach phase diagram. The properties of magnetic superconductors in magnetic field are very peculiar, especially near the (ferro)magnetic transition temperature where the upper critical field becomes smaller than the thermodynamical critical field. The extremely interesting physics of Josephson junctions based on MS with spiral magnetic order is also discussed. The existence of the triplet pairing amplitude $F_{\uparrow \uparrow}$ ($F_{\downarrow \downarrow}$) in MS with rotating magnetization (the effect recently rediscovered in SFS junctions) gives rise to the so called $π$-contact. Furthermore, the interplay of the superconducting and magnetic phase in such a contact renders possibilities for a new type of coupled Josephson-qubits.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures; submitted for the Special Issue Comptes de l'Academie des Sciences: Problems of the Coexistence of Magnetism and Superconductivity, edited by A. Buzdin
Electron Beam Chirp Dexterity in Staging Laser Wakefield Acceleration
Creators: name: Pathak, N.
name: Zhidkov, A.
name: Hosokai, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle energy chirp is shown to be a useful instrument in the staging laser wake field acceleration directed to generation of high-quality dense electron beams. The chirp is a necessary tool to compensate non-uniformity of acceleration field in longitudinal direction and achieve essential reduction of energy dispersion. This is demonstrated via particle-in-cell simulations exploiting the splitting technique for plasma and beam electrons. Properly chosen beam chirps allow decrease in the energy dispersion of order of magnitude in every single stage during acceleration to the GeV energy range.
An Overview of the Bowen Survey; detecting donor star signatures in Low Mass X-ray Binaries
Creators: name: Cornelisse, Remon
name: Casares, Jorge
name: Munoz-Darias, Teo
name: Steeghs, Danny
name: Charles, Phil
name: Hynes, Rob
name: O'Brien, Kieran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we give a review of the Bowen fluorescence survey, showing that narrow emission lines (mainly NIII and CIII lines between 4630 and 4660 A) appear to be universally present in the Bowen blend of optically bright low mass X-ray binaries. These narrow lines are attributed to reprocessing in the companion star giving the first estimates of K_2, and thereby providing the first constraints on their system parameters. We will give an overview of the constraints on the masses of the compact objects and briefly highlight the most important results of the survey. Furthermore, we will point out the most promising systems for future follow-up studies and indicate how we think their estimates of the component masses can be improved.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of "A Population Explosion: The Nature and Evolution of X-ray Binaries in Diverse Environments", St. Petersburg Beach, Florida, USA, 28 October - 2 November, 2007
title: Rutting, a Case Study
title: (US 23, 1.5 miles north of Louisa)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Havens, James H.
name: Sharpe, Gary W.
name: Allen, David L.
name: Southgate, Herbert F.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This case study of rutting in an asphaltic concrete pavement makes recourse to trenching full width and full depth to expose and observe the entire cross section of the structure. Rutting occurred in the vicinity of Station 59+00 on US 23, 1.5 miles north of Louisa, during August and September 1983 when traffic was diverted onto newly constructed northbound lanes (without final surface and shouldering) while excavation into the hillside was completed for the southbound lanes. Earth movers crossed the northbound lanes going to and from a waste area. Coal trucks (Figures 1 and 2) slowed, stopped, and crept where rutting was greatest. Some rutting had occurred throughout.
Periodic Nondestructive Evaluation of In-Service Metal Bridges
Creators: name: Hopwood, Theodore
name: Deen, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Metal bridges are subject to in-service fracture problems mainly caused by fatigue. This report considers the prevention of bridge failure by the performance of periodic nondestructive evaluations. Differences in visual and other nondestructive inspect ions are discussed. The use of preliminary inspection strategies for proper testing also is presented. The suitability of common types of nondestructive testing for bridge inspections also are included.
Linear and Nonlinear Optical Responses in Kitaev Spin Liquids
Creators: name: Kanega, Minoru
name: Ikeda, Tatsuhiko N.
name: Sato, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study THz-light-driven high-harmonic generation (HHG) in the spin-liquid states of the Kitaev honeycomb model with a magnetostriction coupling between spin and electric polarization. To compute the HHG spectra, we numerically solve the Lindblad equation, taking account of the dissipation effect. We find that isotropic Kitaev models possess a dynamical symmetry, which is broken by a static electric field, analogous to HHG in electron systems. We show that the HHG spectra exhibit characteristic continua of Majorana fermion excitations, and their broad peaks can be controlled by applying static electric or magnetic fields. In particular, the magnetic-field dependence of the HHG spectra drastically differs from those of usual ordered magnets. These results indicate that an intense THz laser provides a powerful tool to observe dynamic features of quantum spin liquids.
description: 8+20 pages, 4+19 figures
Calculation of accurate permanent dipole moments of the lowest $^{1,3} Σ^+$ states of heteronuclear alkali dimers using extended basis sets
Creators: name: Aymar, Mireille
name: Dulieu, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The obtention of ultracold samples of dipolar molecules is a current challenge which requires an accurate knowledge of their electronic properties to guide the ongoing experiments. In this paper, we systematically investigate the ground state and the lowest triplet state of mixed alkali dimers (involving Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs) using a standard quantum chemistry approach based on pseudopotentials for atomic core representation, gaussian basis sets, and effective terms for core polarization effects. We emphasize on the convergence of the results for permanent dipole moments regarding the size of the gaussian basis set, and we discuss their predicted accuracy by comparing to other theoretical calculations or available experimental values. We also revisit the difficulty to compare computed potential curves among published papers, due to the differences in the modelization of core-core interaction.
description: accepted to J. Chem. Phys
Effect of homogenization on the microstructural development in a d.c. cast aa3104 aluminum alloy used for canbody stock
Creators: name: Gandhi, Chetak
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: As customer demands become more stringent for canbody stock, it becomes essential to understand the complex interaction between the processing conditions and resulting product properties. This research focused on investigating the influence of homogenization process parameters (heat-up rate, soak temperature and time) on the microstructural evolution of an AA3104 aluminum alloy used for canbody stock. Experiments were conducted on samples taken from an industrial D.C. cast ingot and homogenized in a programmable temperature controlled laboratory furnace under various thermal profiles (i.e. homogenization temperatures 550°C, 580°C and 610°C at various heating rates and homogenization soak times of up to ten hours). The samples were then characterized in terms of their microstructure (retained manganese in solid solution, percentage a-phase, and size distribution and density of dispersoids). The homogenization process parameters were found to affect the evolving microstructure profoundly with: • An increase in heat-up rate favoring a reduction in the number of evolving dispersoids. • An increase in soak temperature increasing the Mn in solid solution, and decreasing the number of dispersoids that form. • An increase in soak time up to 3 hrs increasing the volume percent of α- Al₁₂(Fe,Mn)₃Si. Based on this work, a homogenization profile for optimum microstructure and texture development would include a fast heat-up rate to a high soak temperature (610°C) with moderate soak times (up to 3 hrs).
Ubiquitous precise tracking: from activity detection over indoor tracking, to outdoor vehicle positioning
Creators: name: Ahmed, Mohamed
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Context awareness and tracking have changed our daily activities and style of living over the last three decades. Many applications have fueled research and industry efforts to establish accurate, energy-efficient, yet scalable and easy to deploy tracking and sensing systems. One of these applications is indoor and outdoor energy saving. For example, precise room occupancy estimation and activity sensing enable better control of indoor amenities such as light, heating, and air conditioning. These indoor applications can be extended to outdoor use for smart cities,e.g., automatic decrease of lighting for empty streets. However, current tracking systems can still not meet the aforementioned stringent requirements, and as a result there are no real world deployments of such applications. For example, conventional wireless tracking relies on WiFi received signal strength, and more recently on channel state information (CSI) offering decimeter level tracking accuracy. However, these tracking systems require either extensive fingerprints collection (wardriving), the knowledge of anchor locations and/or require expensive hardware that prevents wide deployment of such systems. Therefore, these applications with their sensing requirements still demand more accurate and scalable solutions. This thesis focuses on developing wireless tracking solutions targeting submeter accuracy indoors and meter-level accuracy outdoors by leveraging unconventional wireless signals including visible light and WiFi Fine Time Measurements (FTM). These tracking algorithms can adaptively learn and simultaneously map the environment/anchors while tracking users.The goal of this research is to propose tracking and context aware sensing systems that can tweak their parameters and map the environment through crowd-sourcing without the need of offline training. In particular, the proposed solutions include: (i) EyeLight, a device-free sensing system based on visible light to enable accurate tracking indoors and provide occupancy estimation, room activity recognition services; This system integrates photosensors with light bulbs easing its deployment compared to existing systems requiring the deployment of photosensors on the floor, (ii) an open platform for experimenting with WiFi fine time measurements and a general, repeatable, and accurate measurement framework for evaluating time-based ranging systems, (iii) Wi-Go, a system that simultaneously tracks vehicles and maps WiFi access point positions by fusing WiFi FTMs, GPS, and odometry information. We believe these three systems enable energy-efficient, continuous, precise and easy to deploy indoor and outdoor tracking and context awareness sensing solutions.
Microwave spectroscopy of interacting Andreev spins
Creators: name: Wesdorp, J. J.
name: Matute-Caňadas, F. J.
name: Vaartjes, A.
name: Grünhaupt, L.
name: Laeven, T.
name: Roelofs, S.
name: Splitthoff, L. J.
name: Pita-Vidal, M.
name: Bargerbos, A.
name: van Woerkom, D. J.
name: Krogstrup, P.
name: Kouwenhoven, L. P.
name: Andersen, C. K.
name: Yeyati, A. Levy
name: van Heck, B.
name: de Lange, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Andreev bound states are fermionic states localized in weak links between superconductors which can be occupied with spinful quasiparticles. Microwave experiments using superconducting circuits with InAs/Al nanowire Josephson junctions have recently enabled probing and coherent manipulation of Andreev states but have remained limited to zero or small fields. Here we use a flux-tunable superconducting circuit in external magnetic fields up to 1T to perform spectroscopy of spin-polarized Andreev states up to ~250 mT, beyond which the spectrum becomes gapless. We identify singlet and triplet states of two quasiparticles occupying different Andreev states through their dispersion in magnetic field. These states are split by exchange interaction and couple via spin-orbit coupling, analogously to two-electron states in quantum dots. We also show that the magnetic field allows to drive a direct spin-flip transition of a single quasiparticle trapped in the junction. Finally, we measure a gate- and field-dependent anomalous phase shift of the Andreev spectrum, of magnitude up to approximately $0.7π$. Our observations demonstrate new ways to manipulate Andreev states in a magnetic field and reveal spin-polarized triplet states that carry supercurrent.
Implications of the NANOGrav results for inflation
Creators: name: Vagnozzi, Sunny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The NANOGrav pulsar timing array experiment reported evidence for a stochastic common-spectrum process affecting pulsar timing residuals in its 12.5-year dataset, which might be interpreted as the first detection of a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB). I examine whether the NANOGrav signal might be explained by an inflationary SGWB, focusing on the implications for the tensor spectral index $n_T$ and the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$. Explaining NANOGrav while complying with upper limits on $r$ from BICEP2/Keck Array and Planck requires $r \gtrsim {\cal O}(10^{-6})$ in conjunction with an extremely blue tensor spectrum, $0.7 \lesssim n_T \lesssim 1.3$. After discussing models which can realize such a blue spectrum, I show that this region of parameter space can be brought in agreement with Big Bang Nucleosynthesis constraints for a sufficiently low reheating scale, $T_{\rm rh} \lesssim 100\,{\rm GeV}-1\,{\rm TeV}$. With the important caveat of having assumed a power-law parametrization for the primordial tensor spectrum, an inflationary interpretation of the NANOGrav signal is therefore not excluded.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. v2: revised conclusions, NANOGrav can in principle be due to an inflationary SGWB provided the reheating temperature is sufficiently (=very) low. References added, version accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters. Comments are welcome