cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Understanding the pseudocapacitance of RuO2 from joint density functional theory
Creators: name: Zhan, Cheng
name: Jiang, De-en
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pseudocapacitors have been experimentally studied for many years in electric energy storage. However, first principles understanding of the pseudocapacitive behavior is still not satisfactory due to the complexity involved in modeling electrochemistry. In this paper, we applied a novel simulation technique called Joint Density Functional Theory (JDFT) to simulate the pseudocapacitive behavior of RuO2, a prototypical material, in a model electrolyte. We obtained from JDFT a capacitive curve which showed a redox peak position comparable to that in the experimental cyclic voltammetry (CV) curve. We found that the experimental turning point from double-layer to pseudocapacitive charge storage at low scan rates could be explained by the hydrogen adsorption at low coverage. As the electrode voltage becomes more negative, H coverage increases and causes the surface structure change, leading to bended OH bonds at the on-top oxygen atoms and large capacitance. This H coverage-dependent capacitance can explain the high pseudocapacitance of hydrous RuO2. Our work here provides a first principles understanding of the pseudocapacitance for RuO2 in particular and for transition-metal oxides in general.
description: J. Phys. Condens. Matter; in press
Upper respiratory tract microbiota of dairy calves experimentally challenged with BRSV
Creators: name: O'Donoghue, Stephanie
name: Earley, Bernadette
name: McCabe, Matthew S.
name: Johnston, Dayle
name: Ni Dhufaigh, Kerrie
name: Cosby, Sarah L.
name: Morris, Derek W.
name: Waters, Sinead M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Microbiome, Pneumonia, Calf Health

description: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cattle of all ages. The bovine respiratory microbiome plays a critical role in respiratory health. Despite current research, a lack of data exists surrounding the impact of viral infection on the bovine nasal microbiota. A key BRD virus, Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV) is an enveloped, single stranded RNA virus of the order Mononegavirales, amongst the most significant viral agents in BRD cases in Ireland. The objective of this study was to characterise the nasal microbiota of dairy calves following experimental challenge with BRSV. Holstein-Friesian bull calves (mean age (SD) 120.7 days (14.15); mean weight (SD) 154.7 (13.6kg)) were administered either BRSV inoculate (103.5 TCID50/ml × 15 ml) (n=12) or were mock challenged with sterile phosphate buffered saline (n=6). Nasal swab samples were collected prior to euthanasia on day (d) 7 post-challenge. Microbial DNA was extracted from nasal swabs using the Powerlyzer PowerSoil extraction kit. Sequencing libraries were prepared using the Nanopore 16S barcoding kit (SQK-16S024) and amplicons purified using AmPureXP beads. Libraries were pooled and sequenced on a MinION flow cell (9.4 chemistry) using the Mk1C Device. Raw FASTQ files were uploaded to the EPI2ME platform and analysis performed using the Fastq 16S workflow (v2022.01.07). The top genera identified in BRSV challenged animals were Pasteurella, Moraxella and Mannheimia spp. with Pasteurella multocida, Moraxella nonliquefaciens and Mannheimia varigena identified as the most common species. Moraxella, Pasteurella and Mannheimia spp. were the most common genera identified in controls on d7, while Moraxella nonliquefaciens, Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia varigena were the most common species identified. In conclusion, differences were identified in the top genera between BRSV infected and non-infected calves, suggesting that BRSV infection causes a dysbiosis of the nasal microbiome. Understanding the respiratory microbiota dynamics during disease development provides valuable insight into BRD pathogenesis.
description: presented at Session 51 of the 74th annual EAAP meeting (2023).
Test of the Formation mechanism of the Broad Line Region in Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Czerny, Bozena
name: Du, Pu
name: Wang, Jian-Min
name: Karas, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the Broad Line Region (BLR) in active galaxies remains unknown. It seems to be related to the underlying accretion disk but an efficient mechanism is required to rise the material from the disk surface without giving too strong signatures of the outflow in the case of the low ionization lines. We discuss in detail two proposed mechanisms: (i) radiation pressure acting on dust in the disk atmosphere creating a failed wind (ii) the gravitational instability of the underlying disk. We compare the predicted location of the inner radius of the BLR in those two scenarios with the observed position obtained from the reverberation studies of several active galaxies. The failed dusty outflow model well represents the observational data while the predictions of the self-gravitational instability are not consistent with observations. The issue remains why actually we do not see any imprints of the underlying disk instability in the BLR properties.
description: ApJ (in press)
Does Infrastructure Investment Lead to Economic Growth or Economic Fragility? Evidence from China
Creators: name: Ansar, Atif
name: Flyvbjerg, Bent
name: Budzier, Alexander
name: Lunn, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The prevalent view in the economics literature is that a high level of infrastructure investment is a precursor to economic growth. China is especially held up as a model to emulate. Based on the largest dataset of its kind, this paper punctures the twin myths that, first, infrastructure creates economic value, and, second, China has a distinct advantage in its delivery. Far from being an engine of economic growth, the typical infrastructure investment fails to deliver a positive risk adjusted return. Moreover, China's track record in delivering infrastructure is no better than that of rich democracies. Where investments are debt-financed, overinvesting in unproductive projects results in the buildup of debt, monetary expansion, instability in financial markets, and economic fragility, exactly as we see in China today. We conclude that poorly managed infrastructure investments are a main explanation of surfacing economic and financial problems in China. We predict that, unless China shifts to a lower level of higher-quality infrastructure investments, the country is headed for an infrastructure-led national financial and economic crisis, which is likely also to be a crisis for the international economy. China's infrastructure investment model is not one to follow for other countries but one to avoid.
Silver hexacyanoferrate (II) nanocrystals as a new material to improve Raman scattering enhancement during silver surface oxidation
Creators: name: Hernandez, Sheila
name: Cheuquepan, William
name: Perez-Estebanez, Martin
name: Heras, Aranzazu
name: Colina, Alvaro
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Raman spectroscopy is a powerful analysis technique that shows its full potential when a high amplification of the Raman signal is achieved. In this sense, Surface-Enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been the most widely used phenomenon for analysis. SERS provides the amplification of the Raman intensity due to the interaction of molecules with a plasmonic nanostructured surface. The enhancement of the Raman signal can be also obtained during the electrochemical oxidation of a metal electrode; this phenomenon was denoted as Electrochemical-Surface Oxidation Enhanced Raman Scattering (EC-SOERS) and yields a good Raman signal enhancement with high reproducibility. Until now, only chloride and bromide have been employed in EC-SOERS, using a silver electrode to generate silver chloride and silver bromide nanocrystals. In this work, a new EC-SOERS substrate based on the electrogeneration of silver hexacyanoferrate (II) nanocrystals is presented which provides a very sensitive Raman response. The electrogeneration of this new material can be easily followed using spectroelectrochemistry since the characteristic Raman bands of the nanocrystals lie outside of the fingerprint region used for the analysis where the detection of most of the target molecules is performed. Indigo Carmine has been selected as target molecule, obtaining a very good response at nanomolar level under Raman resonance and non-resonance conditions.
Facilitating the Use of the MODIS Aqua L2 SST Dataset
Creators: name: Cornillon, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Short Abstract  The MODIS Aqua L2 SST dataset obtained from the PO-DAAC for the period 2002-2021 is being modified to improve its usability. To begin with the L2 field is being regridded to correct for the bow-tie effect. The bow-tie effect gives rise to an irregular spacing of along-track pixels with the effect increasing away from nadir and, for MODIS, resulting in a non-monotonic ordering of the pixels at distances of about 400 pixels from nadir. This makes estimates of the SST gradient problematic at best. Furthermore, the data are provided in 5 minute granules, resulting in seams every 2030 scan lines. To avoid these seams, the regridded granules are combined into complete orbits starting at 75°S. The starting location minimizes ocean areas exposed to orbit-to-orbit seams. In addition to geometric modifications, pixels mistakenly flagged as bad are unmasked. Such pixels are found in high-gradient regions and dynamic regions where the retrieved values differ by more than 2°C from that of the reference field. To address the high gradient problem, the mask is divided into objects and each object is examined to determine whether or not the associated SST values are reasonable. To address the reference temperature issue the min/max of SSTs in 5°x5° regions were determined from the complete masked dataset and retrieved values >10% below the minimum and <10% above the maximum were retained.
Planets Around Low-Mass Stars (PALMS). VI. Discovery of a Remarkably Red Planetary-Mass Companion to the AB Dor Moving Group Candidate 2MASS J22362452+4751425
Creators: name: Bowler, Brendan
name: Liu, Michael
name: Mawet, Dimitri
name: Ngo, Henry
name: Malo, Lison
name: Mace, Gregory
name: McLane, Jacob
name: Lu, Jessica
name: Tristan, Isaiah
name: Hinkley, Sasha
name: Hillenbrand, Lynne
name: Shkolnik, Evgenya
name: Benneke, Bjorn
name: Best, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of an extremely red planetary-mass companion to 2MASS J22362452+4751425, a $\approx$0.6 $M_{\odot}$ late-K dwarf likely belonging to the $\sim$120 Myr AB Doradus moving group. 2M2236+4751 b was identified in multi-epoch NIRC2 adaptive optics imaging at Keck Observatory at a separation of 3.7$"$, or 230 $\pm$ 20 AU in projection at the kinematic distance of 63 $\pm$ 5 pc to its host star. Assuming membership in the AB Dor group, as suggested from its kinematics, the inferred mass of 2M2236+4751 b is 11-14 $M_\mathrm{Jup}$. Follow-up Keck/OSIRIS $K$-band spectroscopy of the companion reveals strong CO absorption similar to other faint red L dwarfs and lacks signs of methane absorption despite having an effective temperature of $\approx$900-1200 K. With a ($J$-$K$)$_\mathrm{MKO}$ color of 2.69 $\pm$ 0.12 mag, the near-infrared slope of 2M2236+4751 b is redder than all of the HR 8799 planets and instead resembles the $\approx$23 Myr isolated planetary-mass object PSO J318.5-22, implying that similarly thick photospheric clouds can persist in the atmospheres of giant planets at ages beyond 100 Myr. In near-infrared color-magnitude diagrams, 2M2236+4751 b is located at the tip of the red L dwarf sequence and appears to define the "elbow" of the AB Dor substellar isochrone separating low-gravity L dwarfs from the cooler young T dwarf track. 2M2236+4751 b is the reddest substellar companion to a star and will be a valuable benchmark to study the shared atmospheric properties of young low-mass brown dwarfs and extrasolar giant planets.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Crossing Numbers of Random Two-Bridge Knots
Creators: name: Cohen, Moshe
name: Even-Zohar, Chaim
name: Krishnan, Sunder Ram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 57M27, 05C80, 60C05, 60B99

description: In a previous work, the first and third authors studied a random knot model for all two-bridge knots using billiard table diagrams. Here we present a closed formula for the distribution of the crossing numbers of such random knots. We also show that the probability of any given knot appearing in this model decays to zero at an exponential rate as the length of the billiard table goes to infinity. This confirms a conjecture from the previous work.
Two problems from the Polishchuk and Positselski book on Quadratic algebras
Creators: name: Iyudu, Natalia
name: Shkarin, Stanislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16A22, 16S37, 14A22

description: In the book 'Quadratic algebras' by Polishchuk and Positselski [23] algebras with a small number of generators (n=2,3) are considered. For some number r of relations possible Hilbert series are listed, and those appearing as series of Koszul algebras are specified. The first case, where it was not possible to do, namely the case of three generators n=3 and six relations r=6 is formulated as an open problem. We give here a complete answer to this question, namely for quadratic algebras with dim A_1=dim A_2=3, we list all possible Hilbert series, and find out which of them can come from Koszul algebras, and which can not. As a consequence of this classification, we found an algebra, which serves as a counterexample to another problem from the same book [23] (Chapter 7, Sec. 1, Conjecture 2), saying that Koszul algebra of finite global homological dimension d has dim A_1 >= d. Namely, the 3-generated algebra A given by relations xx+yx=xz=zy=0 is Koszul and its Koszul dual algebra A^! has Hilbert series of degree 4: H_{A^!}(t)= 1+3t+3t^2+2t^3+t^4, hence A has global homological dimension 4.
description: 16 pages, to appear in Journal of Noncommutative Geometry
Investigation of a quantitative bioanalytical HPLC method for the assessment of famotidine in pre-clinical samples: application for pharmacokinetic studies
Creators: name: Bharati, Swati
name: Gaikwad, Vinod
name: Chellampillai, Bothiraja
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 19999
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 60506
subject: Virology

description: Famotidine (FAM), a histamine H2 receptor antagonist, is effective against peptic ulcers and Zollinger Ellison syndrome. In the current investigation, a HPLC approach was developed to detect the Famotidine (FAM) in pre-clinical samples (rat plasma). To get rid of any chromatographic solvent effects, methanolic extraction method was used to prepare biological samples. A C18 column was used for chromatographic separation, with a pH-adjusted to 8 as mobile phase of water, methanol, and acetonitrile (70: 20: 10, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min and UV detection at 264 nm. The retention times of FAM was found to be 5.7 min. The technique was linear in the range of 50 to 1400 ng/mL in plasma concentration with R2 of 0.9985. The newly proposed method’s respective limits for quantification and detection were found to be 151.45 ± 6.47 ng/mL and 49.97 ± 2.14 ng/mL. The average recovery rates were discovered to range from 98.06 to 103.56%. After numerous freeze-thaw cycles of the treated plasma samples, analyte was stable and showed no sign of significant deterioration. After a single oral dose of 10 mg/kg of FAM, the approach was effectively used to assess the pharmacokinetic characteristics in Wistar albino rats. Consequently, the straightforward technique would enable quick with affordable detection of the FAM from biological samples.
Algebraic properties of chromatic roots
Creators: name: Cameron, Peter J.
name: Morgan, Kerri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05 C 31

description: A \emph{chromatic root} is a root of the chromatic polynomial of a graph. Any chromatic root is an algebraic integer. Much is known about the location of chromatic roots in the real and complex numbers, but rather less about their properties as algebraic numbers. This question was the subject of a seminar at the Isaac Newton Institute in late 2008. The purpose of this paper is to report on the seminar and subsequent developments. We conjecture that, for every algebraic integer $α$, there is a natural number $n$ such that $α+n$ is a chromatic root. This is proved for quadratic integers, an extension to cubic integers has been found by Adam Bohn. The idea is to consider certain special classes of graphs for which the chromatic polynomial is a product of linear factors and one "interesting" factor of larger degree. We also report computational results on the Galois groups of irreducible factors of the chromatic polynomial for some special graphs. Finally, extensions to the Tutte polynomial are mentioned briefly.
Detection of carbamazepine, diclofenac, and ketoprofen via a SPE-HPLC-PDA method in a municipal wastewater treatment plant in East Texas, USA
Creators: name: Onchoke, Kefa K.
name: Lopez, Gary
name: Broom, Anthony M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology
classificationCode: 60506
subject: Virology

description: Increased demand for water reuse, recycling and reclamation heightens the need for improvements in the design of wastewater treatment plants that minimize or remove toxic pollutants or their metabolites. In this study, solid-phase extraction (SPE) technique utilizing C-18 cartridge was used for separation of three commonly used pharmaceuticals, namely, carbamazepine (CBZ), diclofenac (DF), and ketoprofen (KT) in wastewater samples. High performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA) method was used for detection of CBZ, DF, and KT along the treatment stages (aeration, clarifier, raw activated sludge (RAS), chlorine contact chamber (CCC), and sulfur dioxide chamber) from Nacogdoches wastewater treatment plant (NWWTP), in East Texas, USA. Highest concentrations were found in the RAS followed by influent aeration stage. Pharmaceutical concentrations detected from the influent or RAS samples were 2.115 × 10−3 mg/L, 8.95 × 10−4 mg/L and 8.55 × 10−4 mg/L for CBZ, KT and DF, respectively. Highest detected total concentrations of pharmaceuticals were: carbamazepine (1.285 – 2.117 μg/L), diclofenac (0.600 – 0.865 μg/L), and ketoprofen (0.815 – 0.885 μg/L). The calculated % removal efficiencies along the treatment stages follow the order; CBZ: RAS > SO2 > clarifier ≈ aeration > CCC; KT: RAS > SO2 > aeration > CCC > clarifier; DF: RAS ≈ aeration ≈ CCC > clarifier > SO2. Determined removal efficiencies follow the order carbamazepine (∼ 39.2%) > diclofenac (∼ 30.6%) > ketoprofen (∼8.8%). Removal efficiencies of pharmaceuticals in the NWWTP may be affected by the human body, transition through activated wastewater treatment processes, and their metabolism and/or usage by humans.
Hamiltonian Simulation with Optimal Sample Complexity
Creators: name: Kimmel, Shelby
name: Lin, Cedric Yen-Yu
name: Low, Guang Hao
name: Ozols, Maris
name: Yoder, Theodore J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the sample complexity of Hamiltonian simulation: how many copies of an unknown quantum state are required to simulate a Hamiltonian encoded by the density matrix of that state? We show that the procedure proposed by Lloyd, Mohseni, and Rebentrost [Nat. Phys., 10(9):631--633, 2014] is optimal for this task. We further extend their method to the case of multiple input states, showing how to simulate any Hermitian polynomial of the states provided. As applications, we derive optimal algorithms for commutator simulation and orthogonality testing, and we give a protocol for creating a coherent superposition of pure states, when given sample access to those states. We also show that this sample-based Hamiltonian simulation can be used as the basis of a universal model of quantum computation that requires only partial swap operations and simple single-qubit states.
description: Accepted talk at TQC 2016, 3 Fig, 5 Appendices
Electro-kinetic investigations and voltammetric detection of anti-ulcer drug cinitapride at low-cost pencil graphite electrode
Creators: name: Yadav, Rajesh
name: Jhankal, Deependra
name: Agarwal, Rinky
name: Sharma, D.K.
name: Jhankal, K.K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Herein, we proposed a cost-effective, eco-friendly, fast and sensitive square wave cathodic stripping voltammetry (SWCSV) and differential pulse cathodic stripping voltammetry (DPCSV) methods for the quantification of anti-ulcer drug cinitapride in pharmaceuticals. Cinitapride electrochemically reduced at pencil graphite electrode and gave an irreversible well-defined cathodic peak in cyclic, square wave, and differential pulse voltammograms. The effect of pH of buffer, scan rates, and drug concentration on peak current and peak potential were studied. The reduction of cinitapride at pencil graphite electrode was diffusion controlled and occurred via participation of two electrons and two protons (2e−/2H+). The various electro-kinetic parameters such as diffusion coefficient(Do), surface coverage (To)and electron transfer coefficient (α) were calculated, additionally, the mechanism of reduction of cinitapride at pencil graphite electrode was also proposed. The peak currents vary linearly in the concentration range 2.48 μmolL−1 to 17.39 μmolL−1 for all the voltammetric techniques. The obtained value of LOD for SWCSV and DPCSV techniques were2.48 μmolL−1 and 3.19 μmolL−1, respectively, which proved higher sensitivity of the proposed methods.
Study on characterization and pesticidal evaluation of diterpenes isolated from chloroform extract of Hedychium spicatum Sm. rhizomes
Creators: name: Rawat, Avneesh
name: Prakash, Om
name: Kumar, Ravendra
name: Verma, A.K.
name: Kumar, Satya
name: Nagarkoti, Kirti
name: Srivastava, R.M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 80699
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: A chemical study on the rhizomes of Hedychium spicatum resulted in the isolation and identification of labdane diterpenes, hedychilactone A (1), and B (2). The chemical structure of known compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated based on extensive spectral data analyses and identified by comparing their experimental spectral data with the reported data in the literature. The isolated labdane diterpenes were evaluated for their pesticide effects like nematicidal activity on Meloidogyne incognita, insecticidal activity on Spodoptera litura, and herbicidal activity on Raphanus raphanistrum seeds. The bioactivity of both compounds was predicted with the help of in silico PASS studies. The proteins/enzymes undertaken for docking studies by AutoDock4.2 to validate nematicidal activity was acetylcholinesterase (PBD ID: IC2O), for insecticidal activity was enzyme carboxylesterase (PDB ID: 1CI8), and for herbicidal activity was acetohydroxyacid synthase (PBD ID: 1YHZ). These compounds could be deduced as a viable alternative source of natural pesticidal agents and pave the way for further studies on its mechanistic approaches and field trials to ascertain its pesticidal studies.
A-priori mesh grading for the numerical calculation of the head-related transfer functions
Creators: name: Ziegelwanger, Harald
name: Kreuzer, Wolfgang
name: Majdak, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M38

description: Head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) describe the directional filtering of the incoming sound caused by the morphology of a listener's head and pinnae. When an accurate model of a listener's morphology exists, HRTFs can be calculated numerically with the boundary element method (BEM). However, the general recommendation to model the head and pinnae with at least six elements per wavelength renders the BEM as a time-consuming procedure when calculating HRTFs for the full audible frequency range. In this study, a mesh preprocessing algorithm is proposed, viz., a-priori mesh grading, which reduces the computational costs in the HRTF calculation process significantly. The mesh grading algorithm deliberately violates the recommendation of at least six elements per wavelength in certain regions of the head and pinnae and varies the size of elements gradually according to an a-priori defined grading function. The evaluation of the algorithm involved HRTFs calculated for various geometric objects including meshes of three human listeners and various grading functions. The numerical accuracy and the predicted sound-localization performance of calculated HRTFs were analyzed. A-priori mesh grading appeared to be suitable for the numerical calculation of HRTFs in the full audible frequency range and outperformed uniform meshes in terms of numerical errors, perception based predictions of sound-localization performance, and computational costs.
Late Time Emission of Prompt Fission Gamma Rays
Creators: name: Talou, P.
name: Kawano, T.
name: Stetcu, I.
name: Lestone, J. P.
name: McKigney, E.
name: Chadwick, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emission of prompt fission $γ$ rays within a few nanoseconds to a few microseconds following the scission point is studied in the Hauser-Feshbach formalism applied to the deexcitation of primary excited fission fragments. Neutron and $γ$-ray evaporations from fully accelerated fission fragments are calculated in competition at each stage of the decay, and the role of isomers in the fission products, before $β$-decay, is analyzed. The time evolution of the average total $γ$-ray energy, average total $γ$-ray multiplicity, and fragment-specific $γ$-ray spectra, is presented in the case of neutron-induced fission reactions of $^{235}$U and $^{239}$Pu, as well as spontaneous fission of $^{252}$Cf. The production of specific isomeric states is calculated and compared to available experimental data. About 7% of all prompt fission $γ$ rays are predicted to be emitted between 10 nsec and 5 $μ$sec following fission, in the case of $^{235}$U and $^{239}$Pu $(n_{\rm th},f)$ reactions, and up to 3% in the case of $^{252}$Cf spontaneous fission. The cumulative average total $γ$-ray energy increases by 2 to 5% in the same time interval. Finally, those results are shown to be robust against significant changes in the model input parameters.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures
The Galaxy End Sequence
Creators: name: Eales, Stephen
name: de Vis, Pieter
name: Smith, Matthew
name: Appah, Kiran
name: Ciesla, Laure
name: Duffield, Chris
name: Schofield, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A common assumption is that galaxies fall in two distinct regions on a plot of specific star-formation rate (SSFR) versus galaxy stellar mass: a star-forming Galaxy Main Sequence (GMS) and a separate region of `passive' or `red and dead galaxies'. Starting from a volume-limited sample of nearby galaxies designed to contain most of the stellar mass in this volume, and thus being a fair representation of the Universe at the end of 12 billion years of galaxy evolution, we investigate the distribution of galaxies in this diagram today. We show that galaxies follow a strongly curved extended GMS with a steep negative slope at high galaxy stellar masses. There is a gradual change in the morphologies of the galaxies along this distribution, but there is no clear break between early-type and late-type galaxies. Examining the other evidence that there are two distinct populations, we argue that the `red sequence' is the result of the colours of galaxies changing very little below a critical value of the SSFR, rather than implying a distinct population of galaxies, and that Herschel observations, which show at least half of early-type galaxies contain a cool interstellar medium, also imply continuity between early-type and late-type galaxies. This picture of a unitary population of galaxies requires more gradual evolutionary processes than the rapid quenching processes needed to to explain two distinct populations. We challenge theorists to reproduce the properties of this `Galaxy End Sequence'.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The BRITE Constellation nanosatellite mission: Testing, commissioning and operations
Creators: name: Pablo, H.
name: Whittaker, G. N.
name: Popowicz, A.
name: Mochnacki, S. M.
name: Kuschnig, R.
name: Grant, C. C.
name: Moffat, A. F. J.
name: Rucinski, S. M.
name: Matthews, J. M.
name: Schwarzenberg-Czerny, A.
name: Handler, G.
name: Weiss, W. W.
name: Baade, D.
name: Wade, G. A.
name: Zoclonska, E.
name: Ramiaramanantsoa, T.
name: Unterberger, M.
name: Zwintz, K.
name: Pigulski, A.
name: Rowe, J.
name: Koudelka, O.
name: Orleanski, P.
name: Pamyatnykh, A.
name: Neiner, C.
name: Wawrzaszek, R.
name: Marciniszyn, G.
name: Romano, P.
name: Wozniak, G.
name: Zawistowski, T.
name: Zee, R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: BRITE (BRIght Target Explorer) Constellation, the first nanosatellite mission applied to astrophysical research, is a collaboration among Austria, Canada and Poland. The fleet of satellites (6 launched, 5 functioning) performs precise optical photometry of the brightest stars in the night sky. A pioneering mission like BRITE - with optics and instruments restricted to small volume, mass and power in several nanosatellites, whose measurements must be coordinated in orbit - poses many unique challenges. We discuss the technical issues, including problems encountered during on-orbit commissioning (especially higher-than expected sensitivity of the CCDs to particle radiation). We describe in detail how the BRITE team has mitigated these problems, and provide a complete overview of mission operations. This paper serves as a template for how to effectively plan, build and operate future low-cost niche-driven space astronomy missions.
description: 54 pages, 12 figures, accepted by PASP
Lattice methods and the nuclear few- and many-body problem
Creators: name: Lee, Dean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We begin with a brief overview of lattice calculations using chiral effective field theory and some recent applications. We then describe several methods for computing scattering on the lattice. After that we focus on the main goal, explaining the theory and algorithms relevant to lattice simulations of nuclear few- and many-body systems. We discuss the exact equivalence of four different lattice formalisms, the Grassmann path integral, transfer matrix operator, Grassmann path integral with auxiliary fields, and transfer matrix operator with auxiliary fields. Along with our analysis we include several coding examples and a number of exercises for the calculations of few- and many-body systems at leading order in chiral effective field theory.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures, Submitted to Lect. Notes Phys., "An advanced course in computational nuclear physics: Bridging the scales from quarks to neutron stars", M. Hjorth-Jensen, M. P. Lombardo, U. van Kolck, Editors
Convergence properties of $η\to 3π$ decays in chiral perturbation theory
Creators: name: Kolesar, Marian
name: Novotny, Jiri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical efforts to describe and explain the $η\to 3π$ decays reach far back in time. Even today, the convergence of the decay widths and some of the Dalitz plot parameters seems problematic in low energy QCD. In the framework of resummed CHPT, we explore the question of compatibility of experimental data with a reasonable convergence of a carefully defined chiral series, where NNLO remainders are assumed to be small. By treating the uncertainties in the higher orders statistically, we numerically generate a large set of theoretical predictions, which are then confronted with experimental information. In the case of the decay widths, the experimental values can be reconstructed for a reasonable range of the free parameters and thus no tension is observed, in spite of what some of the traditional calculations suggest. The Dalitz plot parameters $a$ and $d$ can be described very well too. When the parameters $b$ and $α$ are concerned, we find a mild tension for the whole range of the free parameters, at less than 2$σ$ C.L. This can be interpreted in two ways - either some of the higher order corrections are indeed unexpectedly large or there is a specific configuration of the remainders, which is, however, not completely improbable. Also, the distribution of the theoretical uncertainties is found to be significantly non-gaussian, so the consistency cannot be simply judged by the 1$σ$ error bars.
description: 57 pages, 5 figures
MBE growth of self-assisted InAs nanowires on graphene
Creators: name: Kang, Jung-Hyun
name: Ronen, Yuval
name: Cohen, Yonatan
name: Convertino, Domenica
name: Rossi, Antonio
name: Coletti, Camilla
name: Heun, Stefan
name: Sorba, Lucia
name: Kacman, Perla
name: Shtrikman, Hadas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-assisted growth of InAs nanowires on graphene by molecular beam epitaxy is reported. Nanowires with diameter of ~50 nm and aspect ratio of up to 100 were achieved. The morphological and structural properties of the nanowires were carefully studied by changing the substrate from bilayer graphene through buffer layer to quasi-free-standing monolayer graphene. The positional relation of the InAs NWs with the graphene substrate was determined. A 30° orientation configuration of some of the InAs NWs is shown to be related to the surface corrugation of the graphene substrate. InAs NW-based devices for transport measurements were fabricated, and the conductance measurements showed a semi-ballistic behavior. In Josephson junction measurements in the non-linear regime, Multiple Andreev Reflections were observed, and an inelastic scattering length of about 900 nm was derived.
The Candidate Progenitor of the Type IIn SN 2010jl is Not an Optically Luminous Star
Creators: name: Fox, Ori D.
name: Van Dyk, Schuyler D.
name: Dwek, Eli
name: Smith, Nathan
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Andrews, Jennifer
name: Arendt, Richard G.
name: Foley, Ryan J.
name: Kelly, Patrick L.
name: Miller, Adam A.
name: Shivvers, Isaac
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the progenitor star (or system) for the Type IIn supernova (SN) subclass remains uncertain. While there are direct imaging constraints on the progenitors of at least four Type IIn supernovae, one of them being SN 2010jl, ambiguities remain in the interpretation of the unstable progenitors and the explosive events themselves. A blue source in pre-explosion HST/WFPC2 images falls within the 5 sigma astrometric error circle derived from post-explosion ground-based imaging of SN 2010jl. At the time the ground-based astrometry was published, however, the SN had not faded sufficiently for post-explosion HST follow-up observations to determine a more precise astrometric solution and/or confirm if the pre-explosion source had disappeared, both of which are necessary to ultimately disentangle the possible progenitor scenarios. Here we present HST/WFC3 imaging of the SN 2010jl field obtained in 2014 and 2015, when the SN had faded sufficiently to allow for new constraints on the progenitor. The SN, which is still detected in the new images, is offset by 0."099 +/- 0."008 (24 +/- 2 pc) from the underlying and extended source of emission that contributes at least partially, if not entirely, to the blue source previously suggested as the candidate progenitor in the WFPC2 data. This point alone rules out the possibility that the blue source in the pre-explosion images is the exploding star, but may instead suggest an association with a young (<5-6 Myr) cluster and still argues for a massive (>30 solar masses) progenitor. We obtain new upper limits on the flux from a single star at the SN position in the pre-explosion WFPC2 and Spitzer/IRAC images that may ultimately be used to constrain the progenitor properties.
description: Submitted to ApJ/AAS Journals; 6 Pages; 4 figures
Finite Temperature Quantum Effects on Confined Charges
Creators: name: Wrighton, Jeffrey
name: Dufty, James
name: Dutta, Sandipan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum system of N Coulomb charges confined within a harmonic trap is considered over a wide range of densities and temperatures. A recently described construction of an equivalent classical system is applied in order to exploit the rather complete classical description of harmonic confinement via liquid state theory. Here, the effects of quantum mechanics on that representation are described with attention focused on the origin and nature of shell structure. The analysis extends from the classical strong Coulomb coupling conditions of dusty plasmas to the opposite limit of low temperatures and large densities characteristic of "warm, dense matter".
description: 27 pages, 8 figure. Submitted to Physical Review E
Code for Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic have impeded progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals
Creators: name: Li, Cai
name: Deng, Zhongci
name: Wang, Zhen
name: Hu, Yuanchao
name: Wang, Ling
name: Yu, Shuxia
name: Li, Wei
name: Shi, Zhihua
name: Bryan, Brett
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Economic models and forecasting

description: COVID-19 pandemic responses have brought unprecedented challenges to the United Nations 2030 Agenda for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and a quantitative, multi-dimensional assessment of the impacts of these responses on SDG progress is required. Here, we use an adaptive multi-regional input–output model to quantitatively assess the impact of pandemic responses on global and national SDG progress and show that COVID-19 pandemic responses reduced overall progress towards the SDGs by 8.2%, with socio-economic sustainability declining by 18.1% while environmental sustainability improved by 5.1% compared with the business-as-usual trend. Developing countries suffered greater reductions in overall sustainability (9.7%) than developed countries (7.1%). Under all post-pandemic futures, pandemic responses were found to impede overall progress towards the SDGs and worsened inequality between countries, particularly for socio-economic targets. A post-pandemic strategy toward the SDGs requires sustainable pandemic responses which not only address inequality among countries but also lessen the trade-offs between SDGs.
Nuclear relaxation rates in the Herbertsmithite Kagome antiferromagnets ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2
Creators: name: Sherman, Nicholas E.
name: Imai, Takashi
name: Singh, Rajiv R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Local spectral functions and Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation (NMR) rates, 1/T1, for the spin-half Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the Kagome Lattice are calculated using Moriyas Gaussian approximation, as well as through an extrapolation of multiple frequency moments. The temperature dependence of the calculated rates is compared with the oxygen 1/T1 NMR data in Herbertsmithite. We find that the Gaussian approximation for 1/T1 shows behavior qualitatively similar to experiments with a sharp drop in rates at low temperatures, consistent with a spin-gapped behavior. However, this approximation significantly underestimates the magnitude of 1/T1 even at room temperature. Rates obtained from extrapolation of multiple frequency moments give very good agreement with the room temperature NMR data with J = 195 +/- 20 K and hyperfine couplings determined independently from other measurements. The use of multiple frequency moments also leads to additional low frequency weight in the local structure factors. The convergence of our calculations with higher frequency moments breaks down at low temperatures suggesting the existence of longer range dynamic correlations in the system despite the very short-range static correlations.
description: 5 pages 4 figures
title: Research on Risk Sources of Coal- Electricity Supply Chain in China
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: ÐÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð² ÑÐ¸ÑÐºÐ° Ð² ÑÐµÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐºÐµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð¾Ðº ÑÐ³Ð»Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¸Ð¸ Ð² ÐÐ¸ÑÐ°Ðµ
Creators: name: Ð§Ð¶Ð°Ð¾ Ð¦Ð·ÑÑ ÑÐ½
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2024
Subjects: ÐÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¼ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ
Ð­Ð½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°
coal power supply chain
risk management

description: This thesis introduces the current situation of coal power generation in the world and the development status in China, and lists the risks of coal power supply chain. According to the risk management of Chinas coal power energy supply chain, the risk assessment and measurement of the coal power energy supply chain are studied. Samples were collected via the Internet for principal component analysis and structural equation models. Based on the definition of supply chain department relationship, the index system of Chinas coal power and energy supply chain is constructed.
description: Ð ÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð° ââÑÐµÐºÑÑÐ°Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð² Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ³Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð² Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµ Ð¸ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð² ÐÐ¸ÑÐ°Ðµ, Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÐºÐ¸ ÑÐµÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð¾Ðº ÑÐ³Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¸. Ð¡Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð°ÑÐ½Ð¾ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÐºÐ°Ð¼Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð¾Ðº ÑÐ³Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¸ ÐÐ¸ÑÐ°Ñ, Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ° Ð¸ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ¸ÑÐºÐ¾Ð² ÑÐµÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð¾Ðº ÑÐ³Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¸. ÐÐ±ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÑ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¸ ÑÐ¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ· ÐÐ½ÑÐµÑÐ½ÐµÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð° Ð³Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð½ÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹. ÐÐ° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ð·Ð°Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐ´ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð² ÑÐµÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð¾Ðº Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð° ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° Ð¸Ð½Ð´ÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð² ÑÐµÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð¾Ðº ÑÐ³Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð¸ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¸Ð¸ ÐÐ¸ÑÐ°Ñ.
Reissner-Nordstrom Solution from Weyl Transverse Gravity
Creators: name: Oda, Ichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study classical solutions in the Weyl-transverse (WTDiff) gravity coupled to an electro-magnetic field in four space-time dimensions. The WTDiff gravity is invariant under both the local Weyl (conformal) transformation and the volume preserving diffeormorphisms (transverse diffeomorphisms) and is known to be equivalent to general relativity at least at the classical level (perhaps even in the quantum regime). In particular, we find that only in four space-time dimensions, the charged Reissner-Nordstrom black hole metric is a classical solution when it is expressed in the Cartesian coordinate system.
description: 11 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1607.06562
Interference as an origin of the peaked noise in accreting X-ray binaries
Creators: name: Veledina, Alexandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a physical model for the peaked noise in the X-ray power density spectra of accreting X-ray binaries. We interpret its appearance as an interference of two Comptonization continua: one coming from the up-scattering of seed photons from the cold thin disk and the other fed by the synchrotron emission of the hot flow. Variations of both X-ray components are caused by fluctuations in mass accretion rate, but there is a delay between them corresponding to the propagation timescale from the disk Comptonization radius to the region of synchrotron Comptonization. If the disk and synchrotron Comptonization are correlated, the humps in the power spectra are harmonically related and the dips between them appear at frequencies related as odd numbers 1:3:5. If they are anti-correlated, the humps are related as 1:3:5, but the dips are harmonically related. Similar structures are expected to be observed in accreting neutron star binaries and supermassive black holes. The delay can be easily recovered from the frequency of peaked noise and further used to constrain the combination of the viscosity parameter and disk height-to-radius ratio $α(H/R)^2$ of the accretion flow. We model multi-peak power spectra of black hole X-ray binaries GX 339$-$4 and XTE J1748$-$288 to constrain these parameters.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, ApJ accepted