cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Computing Divergences between Discrete Decomposable Models
Creators: name: Lee, Loong Kuan
name: Piatkowski, Nico
name: Petitjean, François
name: Webb, Geoffrey I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There are many applications that benefit from computing the exact divergence between 2 discrete probability measures, including machine learning. Unfortunately, in the absence of any assumptions on the structure or independencies within these distributions, computing the divergence between them is an intractable problem in high dimensions. We show that we are able to compute a wide family of functionals and divergences, such as the alpha-beta divergence, between two decomposable models, i.e. chordal Markov networks, in time exponential to the treewidth of these models. The alpha-beta divergence is a family of divergences that include popular divergences such as the Kullback-Leibler divergence, the Hellinger distance, and the chi-squared divergence. Thus, we can accurately compute the exact values of any of this broad class of divergences to the extent to which we can accurately model the two distributions using decomposable models.
description: 13 pages, 4 Figures, 3 Tables. Accepted to the 37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI 2023)
Identification of the simplest sugar-like molecule glycolaldehyde towards the hot molecular core G358.93-0.03 MM1
Creators: name: Manna, Arijit
name: Pal, Sabyasachi
name: Viti, Serena
name: Sinha, Sekhar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Glycolaldehyde (CH$_{2}$OHCHO) is the simplest monosaccharide sugar in the interstellar medium, and it is directly involved in the origin of life via the 'RNA world' hypothesis. We present the first detection of glycolaldehyde (CH$_{2}$OHCHO) towards the hot molecular core G358.93-0.03 MM1 using the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA). The calculated column density of CH$_{2}$OHCHO towards G358.93-0.03 MM1 is (1.52$\pm$0.9)$\times$10$^{16}$ cm$^{-2}$ with an excitation temperature of 300$\pm$68.5 K. The derived fractional abundance of CH$_{2}$OHCHO with respect to H$_{2}$ is (4.90$\pm$2.92)$\times$10$^{-9}$, which is consistent with that estimated by existing two-phase warm-up chemical models. We discuss the possible formation pathways of CH$_{2}$OHCHO within the context of hot molecular cores and hot corinos and find that CH$_{2}$OHCHO is likely formed via the reactions of radical HCO and radical CH$_{2}$OH on the grain surface of G358.93-0.03 MM1.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS)
Neurocognitive profiles in the prodrome to psychosis in NAPLS-1
Creators: name: Walker, E.F.
name: Perkins, D.O.
name: Addington, J.
name: Seidman, L.J.
name: Tsuang, M.T.
name: McGlashan, T.H.
name: Cadenhead, K.S.
name: Bearden, C.E.
name: Cannon, T.D.
name: Woods, S.W.
name: Velthorst, E.
name: Meyer, E.C.
name: Giuliano, A.J.
name: Cornblatt, B.A.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2019

description: Background: Most studies of neurocognitive functioning in Clinical High Risk (CHR) cohorts have examined group averages, likely concealing heterogeneous subgroups. We aimed to identify neurocognitive subgroups and to explore associated outcomes. Methods: Data were acquired from 324 participants (mean age 18.4) in the first phase of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS-1), a multi-site consortium following individuals for up to 2 1/2 years. We applied Ward's method for hierarchical clustering data to 8 baseline neurocognitive measures, in 166 CHR individuals, 49 non-CHR youth with a family history of psychosis, and 109 healthy controls. We tested whether cluster membership was associated with conversion to psychosis, social and role functioning, and follow-up diagnosis. Analyses were repeated after data were clustered based on independently developed clinical decision rules. Results: Four neurocognitive clusters were identified: Significantly Impaired (n = 33); Mildly Impaired (n = 82); Normal (n = 145) and High (n = 64). The Significantly Impaired subgroup demonstrated the largest deviations on processing speed and memory tasks and had a conversion rate of 58%, a 40% chance of developing a schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis (compared to 24.4% in the Mildly Impaired, and 10.3% in the other two groups combined), and significantly worse functioning at baseline and 12-months. Data clustered using clinical decision rules yielded similar results, pointing to high convergent validity. Conclusion: Neurocognitive profiles vary substantially in their severity and are associated with diagnostic and functional outcome, underscoring neurocognition as a predictor of illness outcomes. These findings, if replicated, are a first step toward personalized treatment for individuals at-risk for psychosis.
Gravitational radiation in massless-particle collisions
Creators: name: Spirin, Pavel
name: Tomaras, Theodore N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The angular and frequency characteristics of the gravitational radiation emitted in collisions of massless particles is studied perturbatively in the context of classical General Relativity for small values of the ratio $α\equiv 2 r_S/b$ of the Schwarzschild radius over the impact parameter. The particles are described with their trajectories, while the contribution of the leading nonlinear terms of the gravitational action is also taken into account. The old quantum results are reproduced in the zero frequency limit $ω\ll 1/b$. The radiation efficiency $ε\equiv E_{\rm rad}/2E$ outside a narrow cone of angle $α$ in the forward and backward directions with respect to the initial particle trajectories is given by $ε\sim α^2$ and is dominated by radiation with characteristic frequency $ω\sim {\mathcal O}(1/r_S)$.
description: Journal version 20 pages, 3 Figures Subsection 4D has been added
Electromagnetic signatures of white dwarf collisions in AGN discs
Creators: name: Zhang, Shu-Rui
name: Luo, Yan
name: Wu, Xiao-Jun
name: Wang, Jian-Min
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Yuan, Ye-Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the inner region of the disc of an active galactic nucleus (AGN), the collision of two white dwarfs (WDs) through Jacobi capture might be inevitable, leading to a Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) explosion. This transient event, influenced by the disc gas and the gravity of the supermassive black hole (SMBH), exhibits distinct characteristics compared to normal SNe Ia. The energy of the explosion is mainly stored in the ejecta in the form of kinetic energy. Typically, the ejecta is not effectively decelerated by the AGN disc and rushes rapidly out of the AGN disc. However, under the influence of the SMBH, most of the ejecta falls back toward the AGN disc. As the fallback ejecta becomes more dispersed, it interacts with the disc gas, converting its kinetic energy into thermal energy. This results in a high-energy transient characterized by a rapid initial rise followed by a decay with $L\propto t^{-2.8}$. The time-scale of the transient ranges from hours to weeks, depending on the mass of the SMBH. This process generates high-energy radiation spanning from hard X-rays to the soft $γ$ range. Additionally, the subsequent damage to the disc may result in changing-look AGNs. Moreover, the falling back of SNe Ia ejecta onto the AGN disc significantly increases the metallicity of the AGN and can even generate heavy elements within the AGN discs.
description: 12 pages, 12 pages
Predicting Performance of Channel Assignments in Wireless Mesh Networks through Statistical Interference Estimation
Creators: name: Kala, Srikant Manas
name: Reddy, M. Pavan Kumar
name: Tamma, Bheemarjuna Reddy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) deployments are poised to reduce the reliance on wired infrastructure especially with the advent of the multi-radio multi-channel (MRMC) WMN architecture. But the benefits that MRMC WMNs offer viz., augmented network capacity, uninterrupted connectivity and reduced latency, are depreciated by the detrimental effect of prevalent interference. Interference mitigation is thus a prime objective in WMN deployments. It is often accomplished through prudent channel allocation (CA) schemes which minimize the adverse impact of interference and enhance the network performance. However, a multitude of CA schemes have been proposed in research literature and absence of a CA performance prediction metric, which could aid in the selection of an efficient CA scheme for a given WMN, is often felt. In this work, we offer a fresh characterization of the interference endemic in wireless networks. We then propose a reliable CA performance prediction metric, which employs a statistical interference estimation approach. We carry out a rigorous quantitative assessment of the proposed metric by validating its CA performance predictions with experimental results, recorded from extensive simulations run on an ns-3 802.11g environment.
Additional file 6 of The dual HDAC-PI3K inhibitor CUDC-907 displays single-agent activity and synergizes with PARP inhibitor olaparib in small cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Liying Ma
name: Bian, Xing
name: Wenchu Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 6: Supplementary Figure 6. Relative amount of DDR proteins were determined by densitometric analysis. The quantification data presented were the average densitometric value of three independent western blotting experiments. One of three experiments with similar results is shown in Fig. 5b.
SLISEMAP: Supervised dimensionality reduction through local explanations
Creators: name: Björklund, Anton
name: Mäkelä, Jarmo
name: Puolamäki, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing methods for explaining black box learning models often focus on building local explanations of model behaviour for a particular data item. It is possible to create global explanations for all data items, but these explanations generally have low fidelity for complex black box models. We propose a new supervised manifold visualisation method, SLISEMAP, that simultaneously finds local explanations for all data items and builds a (typically) two-dimensional global visualisation of the black box model such that data items with similar local explanations are projected nearby. We provide a mathematical derivation of our problem and an open source implementation implemented using the GPU-optimised PyTorch library. We compare SLISEMAP to multiple popular dimensionality reduction methods and find that SLISEMAP is able to utilise labelled data to create embeddings with consistent local white box models. We also compare SLISEMAP to other model-agnostic local explanation methods and show that SLISEMAP provides comparable explanations and that the visualisations can give a broader understanding of black box regression and classification models.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables. This revision replaces the $\lambda_z$ parameter with $z_{radius}$, which is more intuitive and stable. There are also many typographical and clarity improvements. The source code for our implementation of the algorithm (and the experiments) are available from GitHub at https://github.com/edahelsinki/slisemap . Machine Learning (2022)
Comparative multidimensional analysis of agroforestry's impact on food security: A study of households in the Awi Zone Highlands, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Afework, Amene
name: Minale, Amare Sewnet
name: Teketay, Demel
Publisher: name: International Journal on Food System Dynamics
Year: 2024
Subjects: Agroforestry; composite approach; Ethiopia; food security

description: This study assesses the food security condition of Acacia-based agroforestry (ABA) user and non-user households in Awi Zone highlands, Ethiopia, using a composite approach. Purposive and random samplings were employed to select sample districts and households. Data were collected through questionnaires, discussions, and interviews, and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Results showed that 42.2% of the households (46.9% ABA-users, 37.5% non-users) were food-secure, while 57.8% were food-insecure. ABA-users’ composite food security index was significantly higher than non-users (P<0.05), signifying ABA's contributions. Livestock and farmland size, participation in off-farm activities, irrigation access, plantation experiences, and perceived soil quality positively affected food security, while age, family size, credit access, and market distance negatively impacted it. Addressing lavish sociocultural practices, and intensifying agroforestry helps to combat food insecurity.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 15, No 5 (2024)
Stress perception following childhood adversity: Unique associations with adversity type and sex
Creators: name: Cornblatt, B.A.
name: Lopilato, A.M.
name: Woods, S.W.
name: Cadenhead, K.S.
name: McGlashan, T.H.
name: Mathalon, D.H.
name: Cannon, T.D.
name: Walker, E.F.
name: Bearden, C.E.
name: Perkins, D.O.
name: Addington, J.
name: Tsuang, M.T.
Publisher: name: Cambridge University Press
Year: 2019

description: Childhood adversity is associated with poor mental and physical health outcomes across the life span. Alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-Adrenal axis are considered a key mechanism underlying these associations, although findings have been mixed. These inconsistencies suggest that other aspects of stress processing may underlie variations in this these associations, and that differences in adversity type, sex, and age may be relevant. The current study investigated the relationship between childhood adversity, stress perception, and morning cortisol, and examined whether differences in adversity type (generalized vs.Threat and deprivation), sex, and age had distinct effects on these associations. Salivary cortisol samples, daily hassle stress ratings, and retrospective measures of childhood adversity were collected from a large sample of youth at risk for serious mental illness including psychoses (n = 605, mean age = 19.3). Results indicated that childhood adversity was associated with increased stress perception, which subsequently predicted higher morning cortisol levels; however, these associations were specific to threat exposures in females. These findings highlight the role of stress perception in stress vulnerability following childhood adversity and highlight potential sex differences in the impact of threat exposures.
title: Resilient electret film-based vibrational energy harvesters with a V-shaped counter electrode
Creators: name: Yang, Xiaoya
name: Ma, Xingchen
name: Ding, Chuan
name: Sessler, Gerhard M.
name: Seggern, Heinz von
name: Kupnik, Mario
name: Dai, Ying
name: He, Pengfei
name: Zhang, Xiaoqing
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024

description: Vibrational energy harvesters, which can convert mechanical energy distributed widely in the surrounding environment to electrical energy in a convenient, eco-friendly and sustainable way, have attracted great attention in both academia and industry. In this study, a resilient electret film-based vibrational energy harvester with a V-shaped counter electrode is introduced, simulated and constructed. A negatively charged fluorinated polyethylene propylene (FEP) electret film with a wavy shape was adopted in the devices, achieving simultaneously a stable embedded biased voltage and a large tensile deformation during vibration. The influences of the factors on the performance of the device, including the initial stretching state of the resilient electret film, seismic mass and depth of the V-shape counter electrode, were analyzed comprehensively with finite element simulation and compared to experiments. Further, the structure of the device was optimised for generating a high output power, and a good agreement between the simulation and experimental data was achieved. Additionally, the resonant frequency of the device can be easily tuned between 28 and 68 Hz by merely adjusting the initial stretching state of the wavy FEP electret film, guaranteeing great superiority for broad bandwidth energy harvesting applications. For an optimised energy harvester with a volume of only 15 × 5 × 1.7 mm³ and a tiny seismic mass of 25 mg, and a normalized output power referring to 1 × g (g is the gravity of the Earth) up to 547 μW was obtained at its resonant frequency of 28 Hz. These results demonstrate that such a miniaturised vibrational energy harvester is a promising electrical energy supplier for low-power-consumption electronic devices, in particular in wireless sensor networks.
Comparison of Bayesian and particle swarm algorithms for hyperparameter optimisation in machine learning applications in high energy physics
Creators: name: Tani, Laurits
name: Veelken, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When using machine learning (ML) techniques, users typically need to choose a plethora of algorithm-specific parameters, referred to as hyperparameters. In this paper, we compare the performance of two algorithms, particle swarm optimisation (PSO) and Bayesian optimisation (BO), for the autonomous determination of these hyperparameters in applications to different ML tasks typical for the field of high energy physics (HEP). Our evaluation of the performance includes a comparison of the capability of the PSO and BO algorithms to make efficient use of the highly parallel computing resources that are characteristic of contemporary HEP experiments.
description: Accepted by Computer Physics Communications. Changes made compared to previous version: added references to other strategies, added Zenodo entry for the implemented software, added a brief description of PSO, added more explanations regarding the benchmark tasks
On Solving Robust Log-Optimal Portfolio: A Supporting Hyperplane Approximation Approach
Creators: name: Hsieh, Chung-Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A {log-optimal} portfolio is any portfolio that maximizes the expected logarithmic growth (ELG) of an investor's wealth. This maximization problem typically assumes that the information of the true distribution of returns is known to the trader in advance. However, in practice, the return distributions are indeed {ambiguous}; i.e., the true distribution is unknown to the trader or it is partially known at best. To this end, a {distributional robust log-optimal portfolio problem} formulation arises naturally. While the problem formulation takes into account the ambiguity on return distributions, the problem needs not to be tractable in general. To address this, in this paper, we propose a {supporting hyperplane approximation} approach that allows us to reformulate a class of distributional robust log-optimal portfolio problems into a linear program, which can be solved very efficiently. Our framework is flexible enough to allow {transaction costs}, {leverage and shorting}, {survival trades}, and {diversification considerations}. In addition, given an acceptable approximation error, an efficient algorithm for rapidly calculating the optimal number of hyperplanes is provided. Some empirical studies using historical stock price data are also provided to support our theory.
description: submitted for possible publication
Multi-bit quantum random number generator from path-entangled single photons
Creators: name: Shafi, K. Muhammed
name: Chawla, Prateek
name: Hegde, Abhaya S.
name: Gayatri, R. S.
name: Padhye, A.
name: Chandrashekar, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurement outcomes on quantum systems exhibit inherent randomness and are fundamentally nondeterministic. This has enabled quantum physics to set new standards for the generation of true randomness with significant applications in the fields of cryptography, statistical simulations, and modeling of the nondeterministic behavior in various other fields. In this work, we present a scheme for the generation of multi-bit random numbers using path-entangled single photons. Without losing their intrinsic randomness, the protocol allows us to engineer the distribution from which we sample random numbers. For the experimental demonstration, we use single photons generated using spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC), and assign a multi-bit commitment along the path. One-bit and two-bit random numbers are then generated from measuring entangled states in the path basis. In addition to passing the NIST tests for randomness, we also demonstrate the certification of quantumness and self-certification of quantum random number generator (QRNG) using Clauser, Horne, Shimony and Holt (CHSH) inequality violation. The path-entangled states can generate higher bitrates compared to heralded single photon or entangled photon schemes which are limited by the coincidence counts. The scheme involves distribution of photons along multiple paths resulting in multiple bits from one photon and avoids the limitation imposed by the detection dead time of one detector. We demonstrate this by generating a high rate of about 80 Mbps when the single photon detector saturates at around 28 Mcps.
description: 11 Pages, 8 figures, functionally identical to the published version
title: GHz rate neuromorphic photonic spike processor with a single Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) neuron
Creators: name: Owen-Newns, Dafydd
name: Robertson, Joshua
name: Hejda, Matĕj
name: Hurtado, Antonio
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2023

description: Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) are highly promising devices for the construction of neuro- morphic photonic information processing systems, due to their numerous desirable properties such as low power consumption, high modulation speed, and compactness. Of particular interest is the ability of VCSELs to exhibit neuron-like spiking responses at ultrafast sub-nanosecond rates; thus offering great prospects for high-speed light-enabled spike-based processors. Recent works have shown spiking VCSELs are capable of pattern recognition and image processing problems, but additionally, VCSELs have been used as nonlinear elements in photonic reservoir comput- ing (RC) implementations, yielding state of the art operation. This work introduces and experimentally demonstrates for the first time a new GHz-rate photonic spiking neural network (SNN) built with a single VCSEL neuron. The reported system effectively implements a photonic VCSEL-based spiking reser- voir computer, and demonstrates its successful application to a complex nonlinear classification task. Importantly, the proposed system benefits from a highly hardware-friendly, inexpensive realization (a single VCSEL device and off-the-shelf fibre-optic components), for high-speed (GHz-rate inputs) and low-power (sub-mW optical input power) photonic operation. These results open new pathways towards future neuromorphic photonic spike- based processing systems based upon VCSELs (or other laser types) for novel ultrafast machine learning and AI hardware.
Additional file 5 of The dual HDAC-PI3K inhibitor CUDC-907 displays single-agent activity and synergizes with PARP inhibitor olaparib in small cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Liying Ma
name: Bian, Xing
name: Wenchu Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 5: Supplementary Figure 5. Effects of CUDC-907 and olaparib on the expression of MYC targets in vivo. RT-qPCR analysis of the expression of MYC targets in PDX tissues treated as indicated drugs for 15 days. Gene expression was normalized to β-actin. Error bars represent mean ± S.D. *P
Aging behavior of the localization length in a colloidal glass
Creators: name: Angelini, R.
name: Madsen, A.
name: Fluerasu, A.
name: Ruocco, G.
name: Ruzicka, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The localization length r_{loc} associated with a fast secondary relaxation in glassy Laponite is determined by X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) through a Debye-Waller fit of the non-ergodicity parameter. Quantitative differences are observed between the time dependence (aging) of r_{loc} in spontaneously aged and rejuvenated samples. This behavior is also reflected in the calculated shear modulus which matches well with data obtained by rheological measurements.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Toward leveraging human connectomic data in large consortia: Generalizability of fmri-based brain graphs across sites, sessions, and paradigms
Creators: name: Forsyth, J.K.
name: Van Erp, T.G.M.
name: McEwen, S.C.
name: Gee, D.G.
name: Perkins, D.O.
name: Bearden, C.E.
name: Cao, H.
name: Addington, J.
name: Cornblatt, B.A.
name: Cannon, T.D.
name: Mirzakhanian, H.
name: Goodyear, B.
name: Thermenos, H.
name: Carrión, R.E.
name: Mathalon, D.H.
name: Seidman, L.J.
name: Walker, E.F.
name: Cadenhead, K.S.
name: Woods, S.W.
name: Hamann, S.
name: Belger, A.
name: Tsuang, M.T.
name: McGlashan, T.H.
name: Anticevic, A.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2019

description: While graph theoretical modeling has dramatically advanced our understanding of complex brain systems, the feasibility of aggregating connectomic data in large imaging consortia remains unclear. Here, using a battery of cognitive, emotional and resting fMRI paradigms, we investigated the generalizability of functional connectomic measures across sites and sessions. Our results revealed overall fair to excellent reliability for a majority of measures during both rest and tasks, in particular for those quantifying connectivity strength, network segregation and network integration. Processing schemes such as node definition and global signal regression (GSR) significantly affected resulting reliability, with higher reliability detected for the Power atlas (vs. AAL atlas) and data without GSR. While network diagnostics for default-mode and sensori-motor systems were consistently reliable independently of paradigm, those for higher-order cognitive systems were reliable predominantly when challenged by task. In addition, based on our present sample and after accounting for observed reliability, satisfactory statistical power can be achieved in multisite research with sample size of approximately 250 when the effect size is moderate or larger. Our findings provide empirical evidence for the generalizability of brain functional graphs in large consortia, and encourage the aggregation of connectomic measures using multisite and multisession data.
Additional file 2 of The dual HDAC-PI3K inhibitor CUDC-907 displays single-agent activity and synergizes with PARP inhibitor olaparib in small cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Liying Ma
name: Bian, Xing
name: Wenchu Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Figure 2. Effects of CUDC-907 and olaparib on the expression of MYC targets in SCLC cells. RT-qPCR analysis of the expression of MYC targets in SCLC cells treated as indicated drugs for 24 h. Gene expression was normalized to β-actin. Error bars represent mean ± S.D. *P
Approximate quantum gates compiling with self-navigation algorithm
Creators: name: He, Run-Hong
name: Hua, Ren-Feng
name: Ablimit, Arapat
name: Wang, Zhao-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The compiling of quantum gates is crucial for the successful quantum algorithm implementations. The environmental noise as well as the bandwidth of control pulses pose a challenge to precise and fast qubit control, especially in a weakly anharmonic system. In this work, we propose an algorithm to approximately compile single-qubit gates with arbitrary accuracy. Evaluation results show that the overall rotation distance generated by our algorithm is significantly shorter than the commonly used $U3$ gate, then the gate time can be effectively shortened. The requisite number of pulses and the runtime of scheme design scale up as $\mathcal{O}[\mathrm{Log}(1/ε)]$ with very small prefactors, indicating low overhead costs. Moreover, we explore the trade-off between effectiveness and cost, and find a balance point. In short, our work opens a new avenue for efficient quantum algorithm implementations with contemporary quantum technology.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Recommendations and challenges of the clinical services panel of the phenx early psychosis working group
Creators: name: Sale, T.
name: Perkins, D.
name: Hamilton, C.
name: Dixon, L.
name: Huggins, W.
name: Jones, N.
name: Loewy, R.
Publisher: name: American Psychiatric Association
Year: 2019

description: Coordinated specialty care (CSC) is a promising multielement treatment for the care of individuals experiencing the onset of schizophrenia. The community mental health block grant program has increased federal support for CSC programs. In order to maximize the number of sites capable of science-to-service or service-to-science translation, the National Institute of Mental Health funded a supplement to the PhenX toolkit consisting of measures for early psychosis. The early psychosis working group included translational research and clinical services panels. The clinical services panel was charged with identifying low-burden and psychometrically sound measures for use in routine clinical settings. The 19 new clinical measures complement existing measures already in the toolkit. Measures cover a range of domains, including symptoms, social and occupational functioning, well-being, medication adherence and side effects, physical activity, and shared decision making and person-centered care. Several challenges are also discussed. The review process underscored the challenges facing nonacademic sites in collecting even lowburden assessments.
Additional file 7 of The dual HDAC-PI3K inhibitor CUDC-907 displays single-agent activity and synergizes with PARP inhibitor olaparib in small cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Liying Ma
name: Bian, Xing
name: Wenchu Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 7: Supplementary Figure 7. Representative images of H & E and Immunohistochemical staining for c-MYC (1:500, abcam, ab32072) in SCLC primary tumors and PDX specimens.
Steering self-organisation through confinement
Creators: name: Araújo, Nuno A. M.
name: Janssen, Liesbeth M. C.
name: Barois, Thomas
name: Boffetta, Guido
name: Cohen, Itai
name: Corbetta, Alessandro
name: Dauchot, Olivier
name: Dijkstra, Marjolein
name: Durham, William M.
name: Dussutour, Audrey
name: Garnier, Simon
name: Gelderblom, Hanneke
name: Golestanian, Ramin
name: Isa, Lucio
name: Koenderink, Gijsje H.
name: Löwen, Hartmut
name: Metzler, Ralf
name: Polin, Marco
name: Royall, C. Patrick
name: Šarić, Anđela
name: Sengupta, Anupam
name: Sykes, Cécile
name: Trianni, Vito
name: Tuval, Idan
name: Vogel, Nicolas
name: Yeomans, Julia M.
name: Zuriguel, Iker
name: Marin, Alvaro
name: Volpe, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-organisation is the spontaneous emergence of spatio-temporal structures and patterns from the interaction of smaller individual units. Examples are found across many scales in very different systems and scientific disciplines, from physics, materials science and robotics to biology, geophysics and astronomy. Recent research has highlighted how self-organisation can be both mediated and controlled by confinement. Confinement occurs through interactions with boundaries, and can function as either a catalyst or inhibitor of self-organisation. It can then become a means to actively steer the emergence or suppression of collective phenomena in space and time. Here, to provide a common framework for future research, we examine the role of confinement in self-organisation and identify overarching scientific challenges across disciplines that need to be addressed to harness its full scientific and technological potential. This framework will not only accelerate the generation of a common deeper understanding of self-organisation but also trigger the development of innovative strategies to steer it through confinement, with impact, e.g., on the design of smarter materials, tissue engineering for biomedicine and crowd management.
Rebalancing Social Feed to Minimize Polarization and Disagreement
Creators: name: Cinus, Federico
name: Gionis, Aristides
name: Bonchi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social media have great potential for enabling public discourse on important societal issues. However, adverse effects, such as polarization and echo chambers, greatly impact the benefits of social media and call for algorithms that mitigate these effects. In this paper, we propose a novel problem formulation aimed at slightly nudging users' social feeds in order to strike a balance between relevance and diversity, thus mitigating the emergence of polarization, without lowering the quality of the feed. Our approach is based on re-weighting the relative importance of the accounts that a user follows, so as to calibrate the frequency with which the content produced by various accounts is shown to the user. We analyze the convexity properties of the problem, demonstrating the non-matrix convexity of the objective function and the convexity of the feasible set. To efficiently address the problem, we develop a scalable algorithm based on projected gradient descent. We also prove that our problem statement is a proper generalization of the undirected-case problem so that our method can also be adopted for undirected social networks. As a baseline for comparison in the undirected case, we develop a semidefinite programming approach, which provides the optimal solution. Through extensive experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets, we validate the effectiveness of our approach, which outperforms non-trivial baselines, underscoring its ability to foster healthier and more cohesive online communities.
description: Accepted for publication at ACM CIKM 2023
Additional file 4 of The dual HDAC-PI3K inhibitor CUDC-907 displays single-agent activity and synergizes with PARP inhibitor olaparib in small cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Liying Ma
name: Bian, Xing
name: Wenchu Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Figure 4. Relative amount of DDR proteins were determined by densitometric analysis. The quantification data presented were the average densitometric value of three independent western blotting experiments. One of three experiments with similar results is shown in Fig. 2c.
Communicating Risk: Analysis Of The Communication Materials On The Risks Of Using Mercury In Small-Scale Mining
Creators: name: Laroscain, Joseph A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Telecommunication
Communication materials
Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA)
Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change (TTM)
Small-scale Mining

description: Abstract This study entitled Communicating Risk: An Analysis of the Communication Materials on the Risks of using Mercury in Small-Scale Mining, examines the communication materials produced by Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) and Ban Toxics highlighting the risks of using mercury in artisanal and small-scale mining. The study makes use of Norman Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) in the assessment of the communication materials, and the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change (TTM) by Prochaska and DeClemente, in the evaluation of the small-scale miners' response to the communication materials. Through textual analysis, interviews, and focus group discussions (FGDs), the study reveals the linguistic patterns used in the textual materials, the discourses, and the discursive practices behind the production and consumption of the communication materials. The study also narrates the response and experiences of the small-scale miners after being exposed to the communication materials. Lastly, the study reveals that the small-scale miners' decision to accept or reject the message of the communication materials does not solely depend on the linguistic patterns, content, visual images, and other textual properties of the communication materials. And finally, the study recommends that concerned government and non-government agencies should revisit, re-assess, and review their approach, methods, and policies in producing development communication materials on the risks of using mercury in small-scale mining to properly address the needs of the intended audience.
Dark Matter Search Results from the PICO-2L C$_3$F$_8$ Bubble Chamber
Creators: name: Amole, C.
name: Ardid, M.
name: Asner, D. M.
name: Baxter, D.
name: Behnke, E.
name: Bhattacharjee, P.
name: Borsodi, H.
name: Bou-Cabo, M.
name: Brice, S. J.
name: Broemmelsiek, D.
name: Clark, K.
name: Collar, J. I.
name: Cooper, P. S.
name: Crisler, M.
name: Dahl, C. E.
name: Daley, S.
name: Das, M.
name: Debris, F.
name: Dhungana, N.
name: Farine, J.
name: Felis, I.
name: Filgas, R.
name: Fines-Neuschild, M.
name: Girard, F.
name: Giroux, G.
name: Hai, M.
name: Hall, J.
name: Harris, O.
name: Jackson, C. M.
name: Jin, M.
name: Krauss, C. B.
name: Lafrenière, M.
name: Laurin, M.
name: Lawson, I.
name: Levine, I.
name: Lippincott, W. H.
name: Mann, E.
name: Martin, J. P.
name: Maurya, D.
name: Mitra, P.
name: Neilson, R.
name: Noble, A. J.
name: Plante, A.
name: Podviianiuk, R. B.
name: Priya, S.
name: Robinson, A. E.
name: Ruschman, M.
name: Scallon, O.
name: Seth, S.
name: Sonnenschein, A.
name: Starinski, N.
name: Štekl, I.
name: Vàzquez-Jaùregui, E.
name: Wells, J.
name: Wichoski, U.
name: Zacek, V.
name: Zhang, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New data are reported from the operation of a 2-liter C$_3$F$_8$ bubble chamber in the 2100 meter deep SNOLAB underground laboratory, with a total exposure of 211.5 kg-days at four different recoil energy thresholds ranging from 3.2 keV to 8.1 keV. These data show that C3F8 provides excellent electron recoil and alpha rejection capabilities at very low thresholds, including the first observation of a dependence of acoustic signal on alpha energy. Twelve single nuclear recoil event candidates were observed during the run. The candidate events exhibit timing characteristics that are not consistent with the hypothesis of a uniform time distribution, and no evidence for a dark matter signal is claimed. These data provide the most sensitive direct detection constraints on WIMP-proton spin-dependent scattering to date, with significant sensitivity at low WIMP masses for spin-independent WIMP-nucleon scattering.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, v2 to match published version
Influence of Salt on the Formation and Separation of Droplet Interface Bilayers
Creators: name: Huang, Yaoqi
name: Suja, Vineeth Chandran
name: Amirthalingam, Layaa
name: Fuller, Gerald G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phospholipid bilayers are a major component of the cell membrane that is in contact with physiological electrolyte solutions including salt ions. The effect of salt on the phospholipid bilayer mechanics is an active research area due to its implications for cellular function and viability. In this manuscript we utilize droplet interface bilayers(DIBs), a bilayer formed artificially between two aqueous droplets, to unravel the bilayer formation and separation mechanics with a combination of experiments and numerical modelling under the effects of K$^+$, Na$^+$, Li$^+$, Ca$^{2+}$ and Mg$^{2+}$. Initially, we measured the interfacial tension and the interfacial complex viscosity of lipid monolayers at a flat oil-aqueous interface and show that both properties are sensitive to salt concentration, ion size and valency. Subsequently, we measured DIB formation rates and show that the characteristic bilayer formation velocity scales with the ratio of the interfacial tension to the interfacial viscosity. Next, we subjected the system to a step strain by separating the drops in a stepwise manner. By tracking the evolution of the bilayer contact angle and radius, we show that salt influences the bilayer separation mechanics including the decay of the contact angle, the decay of the bilayer radius and the corresponding relaxation time. Finally, we explain the salt effect on the observed bilayer separation by means of a mathematical model comprising of the Young-Laplace equation and an evolution equation.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2010.13237
Greppi- und Stünzi-Häuser - Wollishofer Blog
Creators: name: Brändli, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Zentralbibliothek Zürich
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 720 Architektur
subject: Zürich-Wollishofen
subject: Architektur
subject: Industrialisierung
subject: Aktiengesellschaft Stünzi Söhne

description: Ein Blog zu Geschichte und Quartierleben des Zürcher Stadtquartiers Wollishofen auf wollipedia.ch. Mit Texten von Sebastian Brändli (SB) und Ansichtskarten aus der Sammlung von Markus Zimmermann (MZ).
An analysis of household food waste determinants in Brazilian metropolitan areas
Creators: name: Yu, Aizhi
name: Lima, Ricardo C.
name: Campos, Mayara
name: Liu, Qinghua
Publisher: name: International Journal on Food System Dynamics
Year: 2024
Subjects: Food waste; food security; household behaviour; ordered logit model

description: Data from the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization reveal that about one-third of global food intended for human consumption is wasted annually. This study investigated the determinants of household food waste in Brazilian metropolitan areas using an online survey. An ordered logit model was employed due to the hierarchical nature of the dependent variable. The results indicated that higher income and education levels correlate with increased waste; however, affluent households exhibited an inverse relationship. Effective nutrition planning reduced waste, while certain kitchen tools, training, and socio-environmental awareness also contributed to waste reduction.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 15, No 5 (2024)
Additional file 1 of Completeness of tuberculosis case notifications in Germany in 2013–2017: first results of an inventory study
Creators: name: Domaszewska, Teresa
name: Karo, Basel
name: Preuss, Ute
name: Kollan, Christian
name: Annicka Reuss
name: Hans-Peter Blank
name: Brodhun, Bonita
name: Hauer, Barbara
name: Altmann, Doris
name: Fiebig, Lena
name: Haas, Walter
name: Perumal, Nita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1: List of the institutions from which case-based data on TB patients in Germany was requested. Supplementary Method 1 CRC analysis was performed using R package “Rcapture” [23]. Three closed population models (M0, Mt and Mb) assuming no births, deaths, immigration and emigration affecting capture in both data sources within study period were built for each of the reporting years from 2013 to 2017 using “closedp” function with default parameters. Model presenting minimal AIC was chosen to estimate the number of TB patients in Germany. In the years where two models presented identically low AIC, model Mb was chosen because Mt and M0 models implied unrealistically high number of TB patients. Please see the example below for the year 2013: Supplementary Table 2: TB patients hospitalized in the years 2013–2017.