cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Spotlight on Generative Artificial Intelligence Technology
Creators: name: Saunders, Sam
name: Lindsay, Rob
name: McGrae, Ben
Publisher: name: Edge Hill University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 390303
subject: Higher education

description: A short Spotlight Guide produced by the Centre for Innovation in Education (CIE) at the University of Liverpool that provides an overview of the technology and some ideas for putting it into practice within teaching, learning and assessment.
U.S.-CHINA AGRICULTURAL TRADE: CONSTRAINTS AND POTENTIAL
Creators: name: Wailes, Eric J.
name: Fang, Cheng
name: Tuan, Francis C.
name: Wailes, Eric J.
name: Fang, Cheng
name: Tuan, Francis C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Agricultural trade
subject: China
subject: Reform
subject: Trade barriers
subject: United States
subject: World Trade Organization

description: China's agricultural trade expanded rapidly following economic reforms and the open-door policy adopted in the late 1970s. The composition of agricultural trade with China follows its labor-abundant and land-scarce resource endowment with imports of bulk and processed intermediates and exports of consumer-ready and processed goods. Constraints on U.S.-China agricultural trade include tariffs, state trading, food security policies, and other nontariff barriers. Growth potential is based on China's fundamental demand forces including the world's largest population, a high real-income growth rate, an emerging urban middle class, and further trade reforms to be implemented through accession to the World Trade Organization.
Production of orbitally excited vector mesons in diffractive DIS
Creators: name: Caporale, F.
name: Ivanov, I. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the k_t-factorization framework, we study diffractive production of orbitally excited vector mesons and compare it with the production of radial excitations, focusing on the rho(1450)/rho(1700) case. At small Q^2, orbital excitation of light quarkonia is found to dominate over radial excitations in diffractive production. We predict strong suppression of the production of orbital excitations by longitudinal photons, which leads to very small sigma_L/sigma_T ratio. At small Q^2, the s-channel helicity violating transitions contribute \sim 10-15% of the transverse cross section and \sim 50% of the longitudinal cross section. We also study mixing between radial and orbital excitations and determine strategies towards clarification of S-wave/D-wave assignment to rho(1450) and rho(1700) mesons. The results are compared with the experimental data available, and predictions for future experiments are given.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
THE POTENTIAL FOR REVENUE INSURANCE POLICIES IN THE SOUTH
Creators: name: Skees, Jerry R.
name: Harwood, Joy L.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Perry, Janet E.
name: Skees, Jerry R.
name: Harwood, Joy L.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Perry, Janet E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Agricultural policy
subject: Crop insurance
subject: Revenue insurance
subject: Risk
subject: Southern agriculture

description: The 1996 Farm Act and the 1994 Crop Insurance Reform Act are recent examples of policy changes that have increased risks for U.S. farmers. New products are emerging to help farmers manage risks. This article examines some of the policy changes, farmer responses, and new risk-sharing products. The focus turns to the new revenue insurance products and their potential in the South. While there are reasons to believe revenue insurance should be attractive in the South, any revenue products that use existing crop insurance rates will face difficulties since poor actuarial performance in the South has resulted in relatively high rates.
Level densities and thermodynamical quantities of heated 93-98Mo isotopes
Creators: name: Chankova, R.
name: Schiller, A.
name: Agvaanluvsan, U.
name: Algin, E.
name: Bernstein, L. A.
name: Guttormsen, M.
name: Ingebretsen, F.
name: Loennroth, T.
name: Messelt, S.
name: Mitchell, G. E.
name: Rekstad, J.
name: Siem, S.
name: Larsen, A. C.
name: Voinov, A.
name: Odegaard, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Level densities for 93-98Mo have been extracted using the (3He,alpha gamma) and (3He,3He' gamma) reactions. From the level densities thermodynamical quantities such as temperature and heat capacity can be deduced. Data have been analyzed by utilizing both the microcanonical and the canonical ensemble. Structures in the microcanonical temperature are consistent with the breaking of nucleon Cooper pairs. The S-shape of the heat capacity curves found within the canonical ensemble is interpreted as consistent with a pairing phase transition with a critical temperature for the quenching of pairing correlations at T_c ~ 0.7-1.0 MeV.
description: 21 pages, including 12 figures
EXPERIMENTAL MARKETS USING THE ELECTRONIC MARKET PLACE (EMP)
Creators: name: Fackler, Paul L.
name: McNew, Kevin
name: Fackler, Paul L.
name: McNew, Kevin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Computer software
subject: Experimental economics
subject: Simulations

description: A computer system for implementing electronic markets on networks of personal computers is described. The program allows a researcher or teacher to design market simulations to meet a variety of goals, and records a complete set of market activities for analysis. Illustrations of example markets are provided, and the classroom application of market simulations in teaching agricultural economics is discussed.
SEZIONE III - L'ARTIVISMO NEL TEATRO POLITICO
Creators: name: Sansone, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: Connessioni remote. Artivismo_Teatro_Tecnologia
Year: 2021

description: Connessioni remote. Artivismo_Teatro_Tecnologia, V. 2 N. 2 (2021): L’artivismo: forme, esperienze, pratiche e teorie
Additional file 1 of Clinical features as predictors of histologically confirmed inflammation in patients with lumbar disc herniation with associated radiculopathy
Creators: name: Ford, Jon J.
name: Kaddour, Omar
name: Gonzales, Michael
name: Page, Patrick
name: Hahne, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. All significant univariate predictors of histologically confirmed inflammation.
COMMUNITY NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: THE CASE OF WOODLOTS IN NORTHERN ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: Gebremedhin, Berhanu
name: Pender, John L.
name: Tesfaye, Girmay
name: Gebremedhin, Berhanu
name: Pender, John L.
name: Tesfaye, Girmay
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper examines the nature of community management of woodlots and investigates the determinants of collective action and its effectiveness in managing woodlots, based on a survey of 100 villages in Tigray, northern Ethiopia. We find that collective management of woodlots generally functions well in Tigray. Despite limited current benefits received by community members, the woodlots contribute substantially to community wealth, increasing members willingness to provide collective effort to manage the woodlots. We find that benefits are greater and problems less on woodlots managed at the village level than those managed at a higher municipality level, and that the average intensity of management is greater on village-managed woodlots. Nevertheless, we find little evidence of differences in collective management of woodlots or its effectiveness on village vs. municipality-managed woodlots, after controlling for other factors. The factors that do significantly affect collective action include population density (higher collective labor input and lower planting density at intermediate than at low or high density), market access (less labor input, planting density and tree survival where market access is better), and presence of external organizations promoting the woodlot (reduces local effort to protect the woodlot and tree survival). The finding of an inverse U-shaped relationship between population density and collective labor input is consistent with induced innovation theory, with the increased labor/land ratio promoting collective effort to invest in resources as population density grows to a moderate level, while incentive problems may undermine collective action at high levels of population density. The negative effect of market access suggests that higher opportunity costs of labor and/or increased exit options undermine collective resource management. The negative effect of external organizational presence suggests that external organizations are displacing local efforts to protect woodlots. These findings suggest collective action may be more beneficial and more effective when managed at a more local level, when the role of external organizations is more demand-driven, and when promoted in intermediate population density communities more remote from markets. In higher population density settings and areas closer to markets, private-oriented approaches are likely to be more effective.
SEZIONE II - ARTE E ATTIVISMO
Creators: name: Sansone, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: Connessioni remote. Artivismo_Teatro_Tecnologia
Year: 2021

description: Connessioni remote. Artivismo_Teatro_Tecnologia, V. 2 N. 2 (2021): L’artivismo: forme, esperienze, pratiche e teorie
HOW FAST HAVE CHINA'S AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY REALLY BEEN GROWING? NEW MEASUREMENT AND EVIDENCE
Creators: name: Fan, Shenggen
name: Fan, Shenggen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Productivity Analysis

description: Output in Chinese agriculture has grown rapidly for the last several decades, as reported by the Statistical System in China. However, reported total output is aggregated using constant prices, which has been proven to be inappropriate by many economists. As a result, growth rates of output reported by the government may be biased. This bias can be large, particularly at a time when relative prices of agricultural products were changed substantially as part of the policy reforms during the 1980s and 1990s. A similar problem exists in the aggregation of total input. Consequently, estimates of total factor productivity, an index of output minus input, can also be biased. This study uses a more appropriate approach to measure growth in output, input and total factor productivity for Chinese agriculture. Using newly estimated production and productivity growth indexes, the impact of rural reforms are reassessed. The conventional approach overestimates the impact of the rural reforms on both production and productivity growth. Nevertheless, both production and productivity still grew at respectable rates during the reform period.
Artivismo antimilitarista
Creators: name: Presotto, Carlo
name: Pizzolato, Rosella
name: Spadaro, Chiara
name: Peruffo, Alberto
Publisher: name: Connessioni remote. Artivismo_Teatro_Tecnologia
Year: 2021

description: L'esperienza del Movimento No Dal Molin nasce a Vicenza nel 2006 contro la costruzione di una nuova base militare Usa nell’ex aeroporto Dal Molin. Da allora il Presidio Permanente No Dal Molin diventa la casa comune di diverse realtà antimilitariste e lo spazio della creatività del movimento. L'arte ha un ruolo fondativo di tale attivismo politico, in diverse forme riconducibili alla sfera della public art. Mentre le basi militari vicentine imitano l'arte di Andrea Palladio, infatti, il Movimento No Dal Molin attraversa la città con performance e produzioni artistiche partecipative. L’articolo intende approfondire alcune delle forme artistiche proposte dal 2006 al 2014 e indagarne l’attuale eredità. Tra queste: le azioni di Teatro invisibile e teatro di strada che le donne del movimento hanno usato per stimolare inizialmente il dibattito pubblico sulla base militare; i contributi di artisti locali, come l’azione rivolta all’Unesco The Burning Cemetery, di Alberto Peruffo; infine Silent Play, un percorso audioguidato coordinato da Carlo Presotto e scritto collettivamente: nella fase di costruzione della base, ripercorreva luoghi ed eventi simbolo del movimento.
description: Connessioni remote. Artivismo_Teatro_Tecnologia, V. 2 N. 2 (2021): L’artivismo: forme, esperienze, pratiche e teorie
Task Agnostic Continual Learning Using Online Variational Bayes with Fixed-Point Updates
Creators: name: Zeno, Chen
name: Golan, Itay
name: Hoffer, Elad
name: Soudry, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background: Catastrophic forgetting is the notorious vulnerability of neural networks to the changes in the data distribution during learning. This phenomenon has long been considered a major obstacle for using learning agents in realistic continual learning settings. A large body of continual learning research assumes that task boundaries are known during training. However, only a few works consider scenarios in which task boundaries are unknown or not well defined -- task agnostic scenarios. The optimal Bayesian solution for this requires an intractable online Bayes update to the weights posterior. Contributions: We aim to approximate the online Bayes update as accurately as possible. To do so, we derive novel fixed-point equations for the online variational Bayes optimization problem, for multivariate Gaussian parametric distributions. By iterating the posterior through these fixed-point equations, we obtain an algorithm (FOO-VB) for continual learning which can handle non-stationary data distribution using a fixed architecture and without using external memory (i.e. without access to previous data). We demonstrate that our method (FOO-VB) outperforms existing methods in task agnostic scenarios. FOO-VB Pytorch implementation will be available online.
description: The arXiv paper "Task Agnostic Continual Learning Using Online Variational Bayes" is a preliminary pre-print of this paper. The main differences between the versions are: 1. We develop new algorithmic framework (FOO-VB). 2. We add multivariate Gaussian and matrix variate Gaussian versions of the algorithm. 3. We demonstrate the new algorithm performance in task agnostic scenarios
A Principal Component Analysis approach to the Star Formation History of elliptical galaxies in Compact Groups
Creators: name: Ferreras, I.
name: Pasquali, A.
name: de Carvalho, R. R.
name: de la Rosa, I. G.
name: Lahav, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) Environmental differences in the stellar populations of early-type galaxies are explored using principal component analysis (PCA), focusing on differences between elliptical galaxies in Hickson Compact Groups (HCGs) and in the field. The method is model-independent and relies on variations between the observed spectra. The projections (PC1,PC2) reveal a difference with respect to environment, with a wider range in PC1 and PC2 in the group sample. We define a spectral parameter (zeta=0.36PC1-PC2) which simplifies this result to a single number: field galaxies have a very similar value of zeta, whereas HCG galaxies span a wide range in this parameter. We obtain a strong correlation between the values of zeta and the mass fraction in younger stars, so that some group galaxies present a higher fraction of them. PCA is more sensitive than other methods based on a direct analysis of observables such as the structure of the surface brightness profile or the equivalent width of absorption lines. The latter do not reveal any significant variation between field and compact group galaxies. Our results imply that the presence of young stars only amounts to a fraction of a percent in its contribution to the total variance.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
MONITORING SYSTEMS FOR MANAGING NATURAL RESOURCES: ECONOMICS, INDICATORS AND ENVIRONMENTAL EXTERNALITIES IN A COSTA RICAN WATERSHED
Creators: name: Hazell, Peter B.R.
name: Chakravorty, Ujjayant
name: Dixon, John
name: Celis, Rafael
name: Hazell, Peter B.R.
name: Chakravorty, Ujjayant
name: Dixon, John
name: Celis, Rafael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The worsening degradation of natural resources urgently requires the adoption of more sustainable management practices. This need has led to growing interest and investment in monitoring systems for tracking the condition of natural resources. Although grounded in concepts of sustainability, the application of monitoring systems has progressed little beyond the identification and measurement of large numbers of potentially interesting indicators. Most monitoring activities are also passive and do not lead to the changes needed to rectify the problems they identify. Too often monitoring becomes an end in itself and an expensive claim on public funds. This study is concerned with the design of monitoring systems that have direct relevance for the management of natural resources. We call these Policy Relevant Monitoring Systems (PRMS). Such systems have several key characteristics. They provide: a) a decision framework for selecting resource problems to monitor that offer potentially large social payoffs relative to the costs of monitoring, b) timely, including early warning information on emerging problems, c) a means of identifying the causes of an emerging problem, d) an analytical framework for identifying options for corrective action, e) an institutional framework for achieving ownership among key stakeholders (the resource users and those affected by the resource use) and agreement about emerging problems, the corrective actions to take, and effective implementation, and f) a built-in mechanism for learning from past experience to improve the performance of the monitoring system over time. The design and implementation of a PRMS is complicated in reality by the presence of multiple resource users with often conflicting interests, and by the presence of environmental externalities. The approach is developed and illustrated through detailed examination of the Arenal-Tempisque watershed in Costa Rica. This watershed exhibits classic multiple user and externality problems: deforestation by dairy and cattle farmers in the upper watershed leads to soil erosion and siltation of the various reservoirs that feed an important hydro-electric power generation system, and agro-chemical use by irrigated farmers has adverse impacts on a highly valued wetlands park and on wildlife and fishing in the lower reaches of the watershed.
LOCAL GOVERNANCE AND PUBLIC GOODS PROVISION IN RURAL CHINA
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiaobo
name: Fan, Shenggen
name: Zhang, Linxiu
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Zhang, Xiaobo
name: Fan, Shenggen
name: Zhang, Linxiu
name: Huang, Jikun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: Governance
subject: Democracy
subject: Public goods provision
subject: China

description: In developing countries, identifying the most effective community-level governance structure is a key issue and, increasingly, empirical evaluation of the effects of democratization on the provision of local public goods is needed. Since the early 1990s, tens of thousands of villages in rural China have held local-government elections, providing a good opportunity to investigate the effect of democratization on the level of public goods provision. Using a recent village survey conducted over a significant period of time, this paper compares governance by elected officials with that of appointed cadres and finds that elected officials tend to tax constituents less and provide them with higher levels of public services.
Averbeck, Wilhelm: Der Opfercharakter des Abendmahls in der neueren evangelischen Theologie
Creators: name: Schmidt-Lauber, Hans-Christoph
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 17 Nr. 1 (1968): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 17, Heft 1
ТОВАР-МОДДИЙ ЗАХИРАЛАР АУДИТИНИ ХАЛҚАРО СТАНДАРТЛАР АСОСИДА ТАШКИЛ ЭТИШ ЙЎНАЛИШЛАРИ
Creators: name: Содиқова, Диёра
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Мамлакатимизда кейинги йилларда аудиторлик фаолиятини халқаро стандартлар асосида ташкил этишга кенг эътибор қаратилмоқда. Бу борада давлатимиз раҳбари ва ҳукуматимиз томонидан кўпгина ҳужжатлар қабул қилинди.
Interference pattern and visibility of a Mott insulator
Creators: name: Gerbier, Fabrice
name: Widera, Artur
name: Foelling, Simon
name: Mandel, Olaf
name: Gericke, Tatjana
name: Bloch, Immanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze theoretically the experiment reported in [F. Gerbier et al, cond-mat/0503452], where the interference pattern produced by an expanding atomic cloud in the Mott insulator regime was observed. This interference pattern, indicative of short-range coherence in the system, could be traced back to the presence of a small amount of particle/hole pairs in the insulating phase for finite lattice depths. In this paper, we analyze the influence of these pairs on the interference pattern using a random phase approximation, and derive the corresponding visibility. We also account for the inhomogeneity inherent to atom traps in a local density approximation. The calculations reproduce the experimental observations, except for very large lattice depths. The deviation from the measurement in this range is attributed to the increasing importance of non-adiabatic effects.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE ETHIOPIAN HIGHLANDS
Creators: name: Pender, John L.
name: Gebremedhin, Berhanu
name: Benin, Samuel
name: Ehui, Simeon K.
name: Pender, John L.
name: Gebremedhin, Berhanu
name: Benin, Samuel
name: Ehui, Simeon K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Development
subject: Land degradation
subject: sustainable agriculture
subject: population pressure
subject: Ethiopian highlands

description: This paper investigates the impacts of population growth, market access, agricultural credit and technical assistance programs, land policies, livelihood strategies and other factors on changes in land management, natural resource conditions and human welfare indicators since 1991 in the northern Ethiopian highlands, based on a survey of 198 villages. We find that population growth has contributed significantly to land degradation, poverty and food insecurity in this region. In contrast, better market access and some credit and technical assistance programs were associated with improvement (or less decline) in land quality, wealth and food security; suggesting the possibility of "win-win-win" development outcomes with appropriate interventions. Land redistribution was associated with adoption of inorganic fertilizer, but also with declining use of fallow and declining soil fertility. We find also that different land management practices are adopted where different livelihood strategies are pursued, suggesting the importance of considering livelihood strategies in technical assistance programs. Development strategies should be tailored to the different comparative advantages of different locations; no "one-size-fits-all" strategy will work everywhere.
The Hamburg/ESO R-process Enhanced Star survey (HERES) III. HE 0338-3945 and the formation of the r+s stars
Creators: name: Jonsell, K.
name: Barklem, P. S.
name: Gustafsson, B.
name: Christlieb, N.
name: Hill, V.
name: Beers, T. C.
name: Holmberg, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have derived abundances of 33 elements and upper limits for 6 additional elements for the metal-poor ([Fe/H] = -2.42) turn-off star HE 0338-3945 from high-quality VLT-UVES spectra. The star is heavily enriched, by about a factor of 100 relative to iron and the Sun, in the heavy s-elements (Ba, La, ..). It is also heavily enriched in Eu, which is generally considered an r-element, and in other similar elements. It is less enriched, by about a factor of 10, in the lighter s-elements (Sr, Y and Zr). C is also strongly enhanced and, to a somewhat lesser degree, N and O. These abundance estimates are subject to severe uncertainties due to NLTE and thermal inhomogeneities which are not taken into detailed consideration. However, an interesting result, which is most probably robust in spite of these uncertainties, emerges: the abundances derived for this star are very similar to those of other stars with an overall enhancement of all elements beyond the iron peak. We have defined criteria for this class of stars, r+s stars, and discuss nine different scenarios to explain their origin. None of these explanations is found to be entirely convincing. The most plausible hypotheses involve a binary system in which the primary component goes through its giant branch and asymptotic giant branch phases and produces CNO and s-elements which are dumped onto the observed star. Whether the r-element Eu is produced by supernovae before the star was formed (perhaps triggering the formation of a low-mass binary), by a companion as it explodes as a supernova (possibly triggered by mass transfer), or whether it is possibly produced in a high-neutron-density version of the s-process is still unclear. Several suggestions are made on how to clarify this situation.
description: Accepted for A&A; 22 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables. Table 2 is in electronic form and available at http://www.astro.uu.se/~karin/table2.dat with description at http://www.astro.uu.se/~karin/jonsellReadMe)
Generalized Konishi anomaly, Seiberg duality and singular effective superpotentials
Creators: name: Argyres, Philip C.
name: Edalati, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the generalized Konishi anomaly (GKA) equations, we derive the effective superpotential of four-dimensional N=1 supersymmetric SU(n) gauge theory with n+2 fundamental flavors. We find, however, that the GKA equations are only integrable in the Seiberg dual description of the theory, but not in the direct description of the theory. The failure of integrability in the direct, strongly coupled, description suggests the existence of non-perturbative corrections to the GKA equations.
description: 20 pages; v3: corrected the comparison to the SU(2) case
Megahertz emission of massive early-type stars in the Cygnus region
Creators: name: Benaglia, Paula
name: De Becker, Michäel
name: Ishwara-Chandra, C. H.
name: Intema, Huib
name: Isequilla, Natacha L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive, early type stars have been detected as radio sources for many decades. Their thermal winds radiate free-free continuum and in binary systems hosting a colliding-wind region, non-thermal emission has also been detected. To date, the most abundant data have been collected from frequencies higher than 1 GHz. We present here the results obtained from observations at 325 and 610 MHz, carried out with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope, of all known Wolf-Rayet and O-type stars encompassed in area of ~15 sq degrees centred on the Cygnus region. We report on the detection of 11 massive stars, including both Wolf-Rayet and O-type systems. The measured flux densities at decimeter wavelengths allowed us to study the radio spectrum of the binary systems and to propose a consistent interpretation in terms of physical processes affecting the wide-band radio emission from these objects. WR 140 was detected at 610 MHz, but not at 325 MHz, very likely because of the strong impact of free-free absorption. We also report - for the first time - on the detection of a colliding-wind binary system down to 150 MHz, pertaining to the system of WR 146, making use of complementary information extracted from the TIFR GMRT Sky Survey. Its spectral energy distribution clearly shows the turnover at a frequency of about 600 MHz, that we interpret to be due to free-free absorption. Finally, we report on the identification of two additional particle-accelerating colliding-wind binaries, namely Cyg OB2 12 and ALS 15108 AB.
description: 20 pages, 20 figures, 6 tables, accepted in PASA
THE ROLE OF TREES FOR SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF LESS-FAVORED LANDS: THE CASE OF EUCALYPTUS IN ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: Jagger, Pamela
name: Pender, John L.
name: Jagger, Pamela
name: Pender, John L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: In recent years, the planting of eucalyptus trees in Ethiopia has expanded from State owned plantations to community woodlots and household compounds. In an environment suffering from severe woody biomass shortages water scarcity, erosion and land degradation, fast growing and resilient eucalyptus species perform better than most indigenous woodland and forest tree species (as well as most crops). In addition to increasing biomass and providing ground cover, the sale of eucalyptus poles and products has substantial potential to raise farm incomes, reduce poverty, increase food security and diversify smallholder-farming systems in less-favored areas of northern Ethiopia. Despite the potential for eucalyptus to improve rural livelihoods in northern Ethiopia in 1997, the regional government of Tigray imposed a ban on eucalyptus tree planting on farmlands. This ban is related to concerns regarding potential negative environmental externalities associated with eucalyptus and also due to the desire to reserve productive farmland for crop production. The regional government promotes planting of eucalyptus and other species in community woodlots, and has recently begun to allow private planting of eucalyptus on community wasteland and steep hillsides. In this paper, we review the debate about the ecological impacts of eucalyptus trees, as well as the economic factors that influence whether smallholders invest in these trees. Ex ante benefit-cost analysis based on community level survey data from Tigray illustrates that under most conditions planting eucalyptus trees yields high rates of return, well above 20% under most circumstances. The effect of variable harvest rates, the costs of decreased crop production when eucalyptus trees are planted on farmlands, and differences between administrative zones are considered relative to our base case in our rate of return estimates. The importance of fast growing tree species that can accommodate the high discount rates associated with smallholders in this region is emphasized. Based upon the review of ecological and economic impacts of eucalyptus, several policy options are considered. The policy option with the largest potential economic benefits appears to be increasing allocation of wastelands for private tree planting. This option could increase average household income and wealth substantially, and offers large potential direct benefits to landless and land poor households who could be priority recipients of such land. The ecological risks are limited and the potential ecological benefits are large since this option would be implemented in degraded areas. This and other options could help make eucalyptus growing an important pathway of development in northern Ethiopia.
Molecular characterization of the interaction between cucumber necrosis virus and zoospores of the fungal vector olpidium bornovanus
Creators: name: Robbins, Marjorie Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this thesis, the molecular biology of the interaction between Cucumber necrosis tombusvirus (CNV) and zoospores of its fungal vector, Olpidium bornovanus, was examined. Serial passage in the absence of O. bornovanus produced a pool of C NV variants deficient in fungus transmission. Variants of CNV had mutations and/or deletions in genomic RNA that affected various stages of the virus multiplication-cycle, thereby decreasing transmissibility. One transmission mutant, LL5, was selected for further characterization since this mutant retained stable, intact particles and was as infectious as wild-type CNV. Sequencing of the LL5 coat protein (CP) and subsequent site-directed mutagenesis of the CNV CP indicated that a single nucleotide substitution resulting in a Glu to Lys substitution in the CNV CP shell domain was responsible for the reduced transmission of LL5. An in vitro binding assay was developed to determine if LL5 was deficient at the level of attachment to fungal zoospores. LL5 bound zoospores at approximately 50% the level of wild-type CNV indicating that the reduced ability to bind zoospores was at least partially responsible for the reduced transmission. Further examination of the binding of several O. bornovanus-transmitted viruses to O. bornovanus zoospores indicated that the ability to bind zoospores in vitro correlates with the known biological specificity of transmission. Additionally, it was found that binding of CNV to O. bornovanus was saturable, with a maximum of 1.75 X 10[superscript 4] virus particles bound per zoospore. It was also determined that CNV can competitively inhibit binding of another O. bornovanus-transmitted virus, Melon necrotic spot carmovirus. Taken together, these results suggest that O. bornovanus zoospores contain specific receptor molecule(s) for attachment of C N V particles. Amino acid sequence relationships among the coat proteins of several small spherical plant RNA viruses including four known to be transmitted by O. bornovanus were examined. Interestingly, the coat protein sequences of the four O. bornovanus transmitted viruses were closely related, despite the affinities of these viruses to distinct taxonomic groups. Two regions within the otherwise non-conserved coat protein protruding domain were particularly conserved. These data further suggest the involvement of specific coat protein sequences in the fungus transmission process.
HOW AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AFFECTS URBAN POVERTY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE CASE OF CHINA
Creators: name: Fan, Shenggen
name: Fang, Cheng
name: Zhang, Xiaobo
name: Fan, Shenggen
name: Fang, Cheng
name: Zhang, Xiaobo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: developing countries
subject: China
subject: agricultural research
subject: urban
subject: poverty

description: This paper develops a framework to measure the impact of agricultural research on urban poverty. Increased investments in agricultural R&D can lower food prices by increasing food production, and lower food prices benefit the urban poor because they often spend more than 60% of their income on food. Application of the framework to China shows that these food price effects are large and that the benefits for the urban poor have been about as large as the benefits for the rural poor.
Lo spazio pubblico come luogo della frizione e della finzione. Pratiche artistiche e attiviste che confondono il reale.
Creators: name: Meschini, Emanuele Rinaldo
Publisher: name: Connessioni remote. Artivismo_Teatro_Tecnologia
Year: 2021

description: Il testo si propone di analizzare l’attivismo come forma di relazione complessa all’interno di quelle pratiche artistiche che, facendo uso di approcci partecipativi e azioni performative hanno messo in discussione il ruolo dello spazio pubblico. In particolare dopo aver ripercorso il dibattito critico artistico in merito all’autonomia dell’arte e la sua valenza etica attraverso la querelle tra i due critici Claire Bishop e Grant Kester, il testo propone l’analisi di due interventi che hanno ridiscusso lo spazio pubblico nella sua logica di spazio del consenso e della rappresentazione lavorando sulla marginalità delle comunità non rappresentate e non rappresentabili. Gli interventi che verranno analizzati sono: Art. 2 realizzato dall’artista Adriana Torregrossa (Torino, 1999) e Bitte liebt Österreich realizzato dall’artista tedesco Christop Schlingensief (Vienna, 2000). I due interventi in questione verranno soprattutto analizzati alla luce del meccanismo di imprevedibilità del loop di feedback, teorizzato dalla studiosa Erika Fischer-Lichte nel suo Estetica del Performativo (2004) ovvero, l’impossibilità di collegare una determinata azione a una diretta conseguenza dal momento che i due quadri - quello performativo e quello della realtà - non vengono apertamente dichiarati, chiamando di fatto in causa lo spettatore a prendere consapevolezza della sua risposta in base al quadro d’azione che decide di seguire.
description: Connessioni remote. Artivismo_Teatro_Tecnologia, V. 2 N. 2 (2021): L’artivismo: forme, esperienze, pratiche e teorie
MANAGING PRICE VOLATILITY IN AN OPEN ECONOMY ENVIRONMENT: THE CASE OF EDIBLE OILS AND OILSEEDS IN INDIA
Creators: name: Srinivasan, P.V.
name: Srinivasan, P.V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: This study examines the impact of alternative price stabilization policies for edible oils and oilseeds in India on the farmers growing oilseeds, the consumers of edible oils and the processing sector with the help of a multi market equilibrium dynamic simulation model. Price stability in the edible oil sector is important at least for two reasons. It can help realize the growth potential in the production of edible oils and improve the nutritional security of Indian households. While efficiency considerations suggest the linking of domestic to world prices, extreme fluctuations in price have to be avoided, for they can lead to undesirable consequences both at the macro and micro levels. The questions addressed in this study include the following. What is the effectiveness of alternative price stabilization mechanisms in stabilizing oilseed/ edible oil prices? Can variable levies that vary within the bound tariff level provide adequate protection against world price fluctuations? What are the costs to the government, benefits to producers and consumers? What is the impact on prices of oilseeds due to the operation of variable levies edible oil imports and vice versa? The following are some of the results obtained from the model. Higher import tariffs on edible oils lead to more variable domestic prices. This indicates that a fixed level of tariff even at a higher level is not useful in stabilizing oil prices. A system of variable levies which adjust to international price and domestic supply situation is what would be required. Tariff protection on oils mainly benefits the processing sector and the benefits to oilseed growers are relatively smaller. Tariff protection to growers by iii increasing tariffs on oilseed imports helps the producers of oilseeds, but at the cost of consumers and the processing sector. The distribution of benefits to different agents varies with the different alternative mechanisms used for price stabilization. As the bound rates of tariffs under WTO are fixed quite high for all edible oils with the exception of soy oil, there is enough room to adjust import duties for price stabilization purposes. The maximum import tariff rate required to stabilize prices within a reasonable price band is as low as 25%.
Neural Additive Vector Autoregression Models for Causal Discovery in Time Series
Creators: name: Bussmann, Bart
name: Nys, Jannes
name: Latré, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Causal structure discovery in complex dynamical systems is an important challenge for many scientific domains. Although data from (interventional) experiments is usually limited, large amounts of observational time series data sets are usually available. Current methods that learn causal structure from time series often assume linear relationships. Hence, they may fail in realistic settings that contain nonlinear relations between the variables. We propose Neural Additive Vector Autoregression (NAVAR) models, a neural approach to causal structure learning that can discover nonlinear relationships. We train deep neural networks that extract the (additive) Granger causal influences from the time evolution in multi-variate time series. The method achieves state-of-the-art results on various benchmark data sets for causal discovery, while providing clear interpretations of the mapped causal relations.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
L’artivismo. Forme, esperienze, pratiche e teorie. Introduzione
Creators: name: Sansone, Vincenzo
name: Gemini, Laura
name: D'Amico, Flavia Dalila
Publisher: name: Connessioni remote. Artivismo_Teatro_Tecnologia
Year: 2021

description: Introduzione al numero 2 della rivista
description: Connessioni remote. Artivismo_Teatro_Tecnologia, V. 2 N. 2 (2021): L’artivismo: forme, esperienze, pratiche e teorie
Parole di VerdeGiac, artivista (1956-2020)
Creators: name: Sansone, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: Connessioni remote. Artivismo_Teatro_Tecnologia
Year: 2021

description: Selezione di parole di Giacomo Verde, artivista (1956-2020). A cura della redazione
description: Connessioni remote. Artivismo_Teatro_Tecnologia, V. 2 N. 2 (2021): L’artivismo: forme, esperienze, pratiche e teorie
A Norm Compression Inequality for Block Partitioned Positive Semidefinite Matrices
Creators: name: Audenaert, Koenraad M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 15A60

description: Let $A$ be a positive semidefinite matrix, block partitioned as $$ A=\twomat{B}{C}{C^*}{D}, $$ where $B$ and $D$ are square blocks. We prove the following inequalities for the Schatten $q$-norm $||.||_q$, which are sharp when the blocks are of size at least $2\times2$: $$ ||A||_q^q \le (2^q-2) ||C||_q^q + ||B||_q^q+||D||_q^q, \quad 1\le q\le 2, $$ and $$ ||A||_q^q \ge (2^q-2) ||C||_q^q + ||B||_q^q+||D||_q^q, \quad 2\le q. $$ These bounds can be extended to symmetric partitionings into larger numbers of blocks, at the expense of no longer being sharp: $$ ||A||_q^q \le \sum_{i} ||A_{ii}||_q^q + (2^q-2) \sum_{i
description: 24 pages
From Bianco to Shock and Back. L’oscillazione fra due poli di creazione che svela il reale tra le pieghe della realtà imposta
Creators: name: Ioalè, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Connessioni remote. Artivismo_Teatro_Tecnologia
Year: 2021

description: Il testo comprende un'analisi critica del lavoro di Biancoshock, artivista milanese che opera nello spazio pubblico dal 2004, arricchito da un’intervista per approfondirne le peculiarità della pratica di creazione multidisciplinare. Creatore del non-movimento Ephemeralism, l’artista sviluppa la sua ricerca nel segno dell’azione temporanea di riappropriazione nello spazio pubblico, in cui l’uso dei media digitali, come strumenti per la critica o come oggetto della critica stessa, ha risvolti estetico-concettuali originali, concretizzando un inedito rapporto tra spazio reale e spazio virtuale e perpetuando nel tempo il segno effimero. Dalle installazioni, alle performance online, alle azioni di urban-hacking, compiute spesso in collaborazione con altri artisti sia in Italia che all’estero, Biancoshock pone l’accento su quanto in una società iperconnessa, la dimensione URL possa essere realmente invasiva e devastante per il mondo IRL (abbr. per In Real Life, ndr), ma anche come la prima possa essere un’estensione a supporto del secondo con un uso diverso delle tecnologie.
description: Connessioni remote. Artivismo_Teatro_Tecnologia, V. 2 N. 2 (2021): L’artivismo: forme, esperienze, pratiche e teorie
Editoriale
Creators: name: Monteverdi, Anna Maria
Publisher: name: Connessioni remote. Artivismo_Teatro_Tecnologia
Year: 2021

description: Un mondo davvero irrespirabile quello del 2020, immaginato negli anni Novanta da uno dei più grandi artisti visivi underground italiani, Gianluca Lerici (aka Professor Bad Trip). In questo secondo numero dedicato all’Artivismo (attivismo artistico ovvero, l’arte in azione e l’arte di relazione come ci piace definirla, mutuando la definizione proprio da Giacomo Verde) -curato insieme a Laura Gemini, Vincenzo Sansone e Dalila D’Amico-, ospitiamo testi che sviluppano le varie declinazioni del tema, da quello storico della sua “nascita” (i movimenti, gli autori, i gruppi), ai progetti di comunità digitali e di mediattivismo, dalle manifestazioni antiglobalizzazione, all’Urban Hacking e alle azioni di “datapoiesis” e “dataperformance” fino alle cosiddette “corpografie” artiviste.
description: Connessioni remote. Artivismo_Teatro_Tecnologia, V. 2 N. 2 (2021): L’artivismo: forme, esperienze, pratiche e teorie
PerceptionGAN: Real-world Image Construction from Provided Text through Perceptual Understanding
Creators: name: Garg, Kanish
name: Singh, Ajeet kumar
name: Herremans, Dorien
name: Lall, Brejesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4; I.5; I.3; I.2
subject: 68Txx, 68-XX

description: Generating an image from a provided descriptive text is quite a challenging task because of the difficulty in incorporating perceptual information (object shapes, colors, and their interactions) along with providing high relevancy related to the provided text. Current methods first generate an initial low-resolution image, which typically has irregular object shapes, colors, and interaction between objects. This initial image is then improved by conditioning on the text. However, these methods mainly address the problem of using text representation efficiently in the refinement of the initially generated image, while the success of this refinement process depends heavily on the quality of the initially generated image, as pointed out in the DM-GAN paper. Hence, we propose a method to provide good initialized images by incorporating perceptual understanding in the discriminator module. We improve the perceptual information at the first stage itself, which results in significant improvement in the final generated image. In this paper, we have applied our approach to the novel StackGAN architecture. We then show that the perceptual information included in the initial image is improved while modeling image distribution at multiple stages. Finally, we generated realistic multi-colored images conditioned by text. These images have good quality along with containing improved basic perceptual information. More importantly, the proposed method can be integrated into the pipeline of other state-of-the-art text-based-image-generation models to generate initial low-resolution images. We also worked on improving the refinement process in StackGAN by augmenting the third stage of the generator-discriminator pair in the StackGAN architecture. Our experimental analysis and comparison with the state-of-the-art on a large but sparse dataset MS COCO further validate the usefulness of our proposed approach.
description: Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Imaging, Vision & Pattern Recognition, (IVPR 2020, Japan)