cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Active Learning of Convex Halfspaces on Graphs
Creators: name: Thiessen, Maximilian
name: Gärtner, Thomas
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2021
Subjects: active learning
learning theory
semi-supervised learning
transduction
vertex classification
graphs
convexity theory
geodesic convexity
shortest paths
halfspaces
query complexity

description: We systematically study the query complexity of learning geodesically convex halfspaces on graphs. Geodesic convexity is a natural generalisation of Euclidean convexity and allows the definition of convex sets and halfspaces on graphs. We prove an upper bound on the query complexity linear in the treewidth and the minimum hull set size but only logarithmic in the diameter. We show tight lower bounds along well-established separation axioms and identify the Radon number as a central parameter of the query complexity and the VC dimension. While previous bounds typically depend on the cut size of the labelling, all parameters in our bounds can be computed from the unlabelled graph. We provide evidence that ground-truth communities in real-world graphs are often convex and empirically compare our proposed approach with other active learning algorithms.
On the transition between the disordered and antiferroelectric phases of the 6-vertex model
Creators: name: Glazman, Alexander
name: Peled, Ron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K35, 82B20, 82B27

description: The symmetric six-vertex model with parameters $a,b,c>0$ is expected to exhibit different behavior in the regimes $a+bc$ (ferroelectric). In this work, we study the way in which the transition between the regimes $a+b=c$ and $a+b
description: v2: Improvements to the exposition, minor enhancements to the main results. Added a short proof for the delocalization of the height function of square-ice via triangular circuits. v3: Minor edits, published version
Construction of a Soluble Reactive Phosphate Analyzer for in situ Measurements in Natural Waters
Creators: name: Wahl, Timothy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The goal of Honors project was to modify an in situ Nitrate/Nitrite autoanalyzer to enable in situ measurements of Soluble Reactive Phosphates (SRP). The purpose for this project was to create instrumentation able to determine concentrations of SRP, a crucial nutrient element for both freshwater and marine environments. The Redfield atomic ratio of plankton averages approximately 106 C: 16 N: 1 P and has often been used to determine whether the limiting element needed for primary production is N or P. Improved technologies for rapid, in situ determination of SRP concentrations are needed. One of two Nitrate/Nitrite analyzers in our laboratory was redesigned to accurately measure the SRP at nanomolar concentrations. The analyzer, a Mini Spectrophotometric Elemental Analysis System (M-SEAS), utilized a molybdate-based color reagent to react with SRP in water samples followed by absorbance at 680, 700, and 720 nm wavelengths. Using a system of peristaltic pumps, the M-SEAS, was able to reproducibly measure SRP concentrations down to 80 ± 9.6 nM PO[4]3-. As a result of the experiment additional nutrient analysis of marine samples can be conducted to better understand biological and geochemical cycling in the environment.
Prominence Visibility in Hinode/XRT images
Creators: name: Schwartz, Pavol
name: Jejcic, Sonja
name: Heinzel, Petr
name: Anzer, Ulrich
name: Jibben, Patricia R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the soft X-ray (SXR) signatures of one particular prominence. The X-ray observations used here were made by the Hinode/XRT instrument using two different filters. Both of them have a pronounced peak of the response function around 10 A. One of them has a secondary smaller peak around 170 A, which leads to a contamination of SXR images. The observed darkening in both of these filters has a very large vertical extension. The position and shape of the darkening corresponds nicely with the prominence structure seen in SDO/AIA images. First we have investigated the possibility that the darkening is caused by X-ray absorption. But detailed calculations of the optical thickness in this spectral range show clearly that this effect is completely negligible. Therefore the alternative is the presence of an extended region with a large emissivity deficit which can be caused by the presence of cool prominence plasmas within otherwise hot corona. To reproduce the observed darkening one needs a very large extension along the line-of-sight of the region amounting to around 10$^5$ km. We interpret this region as the prominence spine, which is also consistent with SDO/AIA observations in EUV.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
On the role of theory and modeling in neuroscience
Creators: name: Levenstein, Daniel
name: Alvarez, Veronica A.
name: Amarasingham, Asohan
name: Azab, Habiba
name: Chen, Zhe Sage
name: Gerkin, Richard C.
name: Hasenstaub, Andrea
name: Iyer, Ramakrishnan
name: Jolivet, Renaud B.
name: Marzen, Sarah
name: Monaco, Joseph D.
name: Prinz, Astrid A.
name: Quraishi, Salma
name: Santamaria, Fidel
name: Shivkumar, Sabyasachi
name: Singh, Matthew F.
name: Traub, Roger
name: Rotstein, Horacio G.
name: Nadim, Farzan
name: Redish, A. David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In recent years, the field of neuroscience has gone through rapid experimental advances and a significant increase in the use of quantitative and computational methods. This growth has created a need for clearer analyses of the theory and modeling approaches used in the field. This issue is particularly complex in neuroscience because the field studies phenomena across a wide range of scales and often requires consideration of these phenomena at varying degrees of abstraction, from precise biophysical interactions to the computations they implement. We argue that a pragmatic perspective of science, in which descriptive, mechanistic, and normative approaches each play a distinct role in defining and bridging levels of abstraction will facilitate neuroscientific practice. This analysis leads to methodological suggestions, including selecting a level of abstraction that is appropriate for a given problem, identifying transfer functions to connect models and data, and the use of models themselves as a form of experiment.
Centre for Applied Cross-cultural Research - Evaluating cultural distance research in multi-site studies from the top journals of pertinent scientific disciplines: A scoping review
Creators: name: McNamara, Rita
name: Fischer, Ronald
name: Neha, Tia
name: Milfont, Taciano
name: Ward, Colleen
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: This project is focused on outlining how the considerations of cultural context impact variance detected and how it is accounted for.
Building prime models in fully good abstract elementary classes
Creators: name: Vasey, Sebastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C48 (Primary), 03C45, 03C52, 03C55, 03C75, 03E55 (Secondary)

description: We show how to build primes models in classes of saturated models of abstract elementary classes (AECs) having a well-behaved independence relation: $\mathbf{Theorem.}$ Let $K$ be an almost fully good AEC that is categorical in $\text{LS} (K)$ and has the $\text{LS} (K)$-existence property for domination triples. For any $λ> \text{LS} (K)$, the class of Galois saturated models of $K$ of size $λ$ has prime models over every set of the form $M \cup \{a\}$. This generalizes an argument of Shelah, who proved the result when $λ$ is a successor cardinal.
description: 15 pages. This was previously called "On prime models in totally categorical abstract elementary classes"
EVENT TOURISM: STATEMENTS AND QUESTIONS ABOUT ITS IMPACTS ON RURAL AREAS
Creators: name: Skoultsos, Sofoklis
name: Tsartas, Paris
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2009

description: This paper focuses on event tourism sector and its affection on the economy and the society of the rural community. The significance of events for rural development is argued by various researchers. In the current paper several cases from the event tourism literature and their results are studied. A general conclusion is that rural events affect host communities mainly by building community commitment. Cash injection is significant but not at a level that can lead to rural development. So, impacts on local population should be at the centre of event management in order to achieve development of destination. Further research is needed to be done in order to support such a statement.
description: tourismos, Vol. 4 No. 4 (2009)
Crescerin: Growing the Understanding of Microtubule Dynamics in Neural Primary Cilia
Creators: name: Corella, Sofia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Eukaryotic primary cilia are microtubule (MT)-based organelles that project from the cell-surface of most mammalian cell types, including neural cells. Primary cilia are known to modulate key signaling pathways including Hedgehog signaling, involved in central nervous system development and homeostasis. Additionally, defects in primary cilia structure and function are known to cause genetic disorders commonly known as ciliopathies, which share abnormal central nervous system architecture and intellectual deficits as common clinical features. The ubiquity of primary cilia across mammalian cell types and the role of primary cilia in proper neurodevelopment and homeostasis underscores the importance of investigating the organelle and its molecular components. Crescerin is a cilia-specific microtubule associated protein family that regulates ciliary microtubules using arrayed tubulin-binding TOG domains. Prior research has discovered that, Crescerin1, through use of its arrayed tubulin-binding TOG domains, is essential for proper primary cilia structure and function as well as for promoting C. elegans ability to sense and respond to its environment.  Since C. elegans serve as prime model organisms for better understanding the nervous system in higher organisms, these results imply that Crescerin1 and its TOG domains’ roles in the formation and function of primary cilia and in neurophysiological and behavioral responses are as essential in humans as they are in C. elegans. Thus, to better understand neural primary cilia, microtubule dynamics, and TOG domain-containing protein families in brain development and for diverse aspects of brain function, we employ a structure-function molecular-based approach. In the current study, we consider that solving and analyzing the structure-function of Crescerin1’s TOG 4 domain will advance knowledge of the role of TOG domains across TOG domain-containing protein families in regulating microtubule dynamics. It will advance understanding of the role of Crescerin1 in establishing proper neural primary cilia structure and function. We postulate that a functional understanding of Crescerin’s TOG domains at the atomic level will provide a framework to further investigate the structural microtubule dynamics mechanisms employed by neural primary cilia to promote proper central nervous system development and prevent central nervous system-related disorders. Therefore, using X-ray crystallography, we have purified multiple constructs of the predicted TOG domain and have used these purified proteins to obtain crystal structures. Through our work, we have begun to characterize Crescerin1 TOG 4 domain and its interactions with microtubules in the primary cilium.
Global wellposedness for the energy-critical Zakharov system below the ground state
Creators: name: Candy, Timothy
name: Herr, Sebastian
name: Nakanishi, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Cauchy problem for the Zakharov system in the energy-critical dimension $d=4$ is considered. We prove that global well-posedness holds in the full (non-radial) energy space for any initial data with energy and wave mass below the ground state threshold. The result is based on a Strichartz estimate for the Schrödinger equation with a potential. More precisely, a Strichartz estimate is proved to hold uniformly for any potential solving the free wave equation with mass below the ground state constraint. The key new ingredient is a bilinear (adjoint) Fourier restriction estimate for solutions of the inhomogeneous Schrödinger equation with forcing in dual endpoint Strichartz spaces.
description: Partly, the notation in Section 2 is adopted from arXiv:1912.05820. v2: references fixed, further minor corrections. v3: Minor change of Theorem 4.1 and its proof, which includes low frequeny cases now. v4: fixed references to [7]
Exit Time Analysis for Approximations of Gradient Descent Trajectories Around Saddle Points
Creators: name: Dixit, Rishabh
name: Gurbuzbalaban, Mert
name: Bajwa, Waheed U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 90C26, 15Axx, 41A58, 65Hxx

description: This paper considers the problem of understanding the exit time for trajectories of gradient-related first-order methods from saddle neighborhoods under some initial boundary conditions. Given the 'flat' geometry around saddle points, first-order methods can struggle to escape these regions in a fast manner due to the small magnitudes of gradients encountered. In particular, while it is known that gradient-related first-order methods escape strict-saddle neighborhoods, existing analytic techniques do not explicitly leverage the local geometry around saddle points in order to control behavior of gradient trajectories. It is in this context that this paper puts forth a rigorous geometric analysis of the gradient-descent method around strict-saddle neighborhoods using matrix perturbation theory. In doing so, it provides a key result that can be used to generate an approximate gradient trajectory for any given initial conditions. In addition, the analysis leads to a linear exit-time solution for gradient-descent method under certain necessary initial conditions, which explicitly bring out the dependence on problem dimension, conditioning of the saddle neighborhood, and more, for a class of strict-saddle functions.
description: 70 pages; pre-print of the journal paper published in Information and Inference: A Journal of the IMA, 2023
Macroscopic description of the two-dimensional LaAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ interface
Creators: name: Stephanovich, V. A.
name: Dugaev, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple analytical model to explain possible appearance of the metallic conductivity in the two-dimensional (2D) LaAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ interface. Our model considers the interface within a macroscopic approach which is usual to semiconductor heterojunctions and is based on drift-diffusion equations. The solution of these equations allows to obtain the positions of band edges as a function of distances from the interface. We show that for the 2D metallic conductivity to appear at the interface, the constituting substances should have the same type (either electronic or hole) of conductivity; in the opposite case the possible transition to metallic phase has a three-dimensional character. The results of our model calculations are in agreement with available experimental data.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
020417.pdf
Creators: name: Rajput, Kumkum
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Crop and pasture improvement (incl. selection and breeding)

description: ABSTRACT Most of the studies have been conducted on the vertical distribution of migratory ecto and semi endoparasites than with any other groups of nematodes. From the various experiments, it has been found that the population density of nematodes was greatest in top 30 cm of soil and generally declined to 30-60 cm depths. It has been also demonstrated that nematodes distribution often is correlated with root distribution. In some cases (Rhodopholus similes) it has been observed that the nematode population increased with the deeper strata of soil. Temperature is one of the important edaphic factors that acts as a stimulus of vertical distribution. We have seen that nematodes do have different levels of temperature preference and that there is undoubtedly active migration under some circumstances. It is often stated that nematodes move downward in winter “to get away from cold” but assuming that there is considerable vertical migration at least more than we know about how much due to temperature changes and how much to other factors. But now a days it is possible to find out the precise role of one specific factor out of various edaphic factors through using various statistical tools like multivariate analyses and ANOVA. Ecological study of plant parasitic nematodes plays an important role in minimizing the infestation of almost all the parasitic forms of Phyto nematodes. The nematode population size depends on action and reaction of edaphic factors including the host plant itself. Analysis of relationship between variation in soil parameters and the irregular pattern should lead to an improved understanding of how these organisms interact with the soil environment. In the present work the population density of major parasitic Phyto nematodes was studied in respect of soil edaphic factors. Soil samples were collected from three vertical depths (0.0-20.0 cm; 20.01- 40.0 cm 40.01- 60.0 cm) and three horizontal distances (30 cm; 60 cm; and 90 cm) from the stem of the host i. e., mango (Mangifera indica). Functional linear relationships confirmed inverse relationship with soil temperature with that of the total nemic population. Few positive thermo -response were observed at 40.01-60.0 cm vertical depth (P<0.20) at 30 cm distance.
Time Spent Reading Outside School and Comprehension: A Longitudinal Analysis
Creators: name: Robertson, William A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The purpose of this thesis is to determine whether or not reading outside of school is associated with changes in reading comprehension performance. My study addresses this question by examining student participants of the National Educational Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88) in their eighth and tenth grade years. Using nationally representative data from both student questionnaires and cognitive tests to construct the independent and dependent variables of interest, I estimate a series of multivariate regressions to examine the relationship between time spent reading outside of school and reading comprehension. Using probability weights, the study can be generalized to the entire United States. The analyses provide empirical evidence time spent reading outside of school is associated with a 0.27 point increase in reading test scores for every additional hour tenth graders spent reading, holding all other factors constant. Moreover, non-linear regressions reveal that the greatest increases in reading comprehension occur in the first few hours a student reads outside of school on a weekly basis, holding all else constant. All else held equal, the first hour a student spends reading each week outside of school in tenth grade is associated with a 1.13 point increase in reading test scores. These findings support policies that encourage reading outside of school in the later grades for the purpose of boosting reading comprehension.
Why Haven't Many of the Brightest Radio Loud Blazars Been Detected by Fermi ?
Creators: name: Lister, M. L.
name: Hovatta, M. F. Aller. H. D. Aller. T.
name: Max-Morbeck, W.
name: Readhead, A. C. S.
name: Richards, J. L.
name: Ros, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the complete MOJAVE 1.5 Jy sample of active galactic nuclei (AGN) to examine the gamma-ray detection statistics of the brightest radio-loud blazars in the northern sky. We find that 23% of these AGN were not detected above 0.1 GeV by the Fermi LAT during the 4-year 3FGL catalog period partly because of an instrumental selection effect, and partly due to their lower Doppler boosting factors. Blazars with synchrotron peaks in their spectral energy distributions located below $10^{13.4}$ Hz also tend to have high-energy peaks that lie below the 0.1 GeV threshold of the LAT, and are thus less likely to be detected by Fermi. The non-detected AGN in the 1.5 Jy sample also have significantly lower 15 GHz radio modulation indices and apparent jet speeds, indicating that they have lower than average Doppler factors. Since the effective amount of relativistic Doppler boosting is enhanced in gamma-rays (particularly in the case of external inverse-Compton scattering), this makes them less likely to appear in the 3FGL catalog. Based on their observed properties, we have identified several bright radio-selected blazars that are strong candidates for future detection by Fermi.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters
Interpolatory Projection Techniques for $\mathcal{H}_2$ Optimal Structure-Preserving Model Order Reduction of Second-Order Systems
Creators: name: Rahman, Md. Motlubar
name: Uddin, M. Monir
name: Andallah, L. S.
name: Uddin, Mahtab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper focuses on exploring efficient ways to find $\mathcal{H}_2$ optimal Structure-Preserving Model Order Reduction (SPMOR) of the second-order systems via interpolatory projection-based method Iterative Rational Krylov Algorithm (IRKA). To get the reduced models of the second-order systems, the classical IRKA deals with the equivalent first-order converted forms and estimates the first-order reduced models. The drawbacks of that of the technique are failure of structure preservation and abolishing the properties of the original models, which are the key factors for some of the physical applications. To surpass those issues, we introduce IRKA based techniques that enable us to approximate the second-order systems through the reduced models implicitly without forming the first-order forms. On the other hand, there are very challenging tasks to the Model Order Reduction (MOR) of the large-scale second-order systems with the optimal $\mathcal{H}_2$ error norm and attain the rapid rate of convergence. For the convenient computations, we discuss competent techniques to determine the optimal $\mathcal{H}_2$ error norms efficiently for the second-order systems. The applicability and efficiency of the proposed techniques are validated by applying them to some large-scale systems extracted form engineering applications. The computations are done numerically using MATLAB simulation and the achieved results are discussed in both tabular and graphical approaches.
description: It was a duplicate version
Heavy Quarkonium in a Holographic Basis
Creators: name: Li, Yang
name: Maris, Pieter
name: Zhao, Xingbo
name: Vary, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the heavy quarkonium within the basis light-front quantization approach. We implement the one-gluon exchange interaction and a confining potential inspired by light-front holography. We adopt the holographic light-front wavefunction (LFWF) as our basis function and solve the non-perturbative dynamics by diagonalizing the Hamiltonian matrix. We obtain the mass spectrum for charmonium and bottomonium. With the obtained LFWFs, we also compute the decay constants and the charge form factors for selected eigenstates. The results are compared with the experimental measurements and with other established methods.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, texts and figures updated
Infinitesimal Torelli for elliptic surfaces revisited
Creators: name: Kloosterman, Remke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we give a new proof for the infinitesimal Torelli theorem for minimal elliptic surfaces without multiple fibers with Euler number at least 24 for nonconstant $j$-invariant. In the case of constant $j$-invariant we find a new proof in the case of Euler number at least 72. We also discuss several new counterexamples.
Training Medical Professionals in Japan and the US: Changing Medical Education Curricula
Creators: name: Powell, Juliana Ruth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: It would be safe to assume that the reader of this thesis has at one point played the
role of a patient and visited the doctor for a particular illness. As a patient who navigates
the healthcare system, he or she is not unfamiliar with present issues in the healthcare
system of his or her country. In fact, patients navigating healthcare systems in other
nations, particularly Japan, are experiencing the same types of situations and encounters
as patients in the United States. This is happening at a time when medical education, for
the first time in a century, is actively making changes to its curricula. When defined by
licensure, the practice of professional medical care has only existed in Japan and the
United States for approximately one hundred and thirty years.
This thesis and its argument will reinforce the importance in comparing
biomedicine in Japan and the US,1 not because they are the same system, but because the
same symptoms continue to present within these differing systems, much like a recurring
illness. After a brief introduction to current topics in healthcare for these two nations, this
thesis will reveal the origins of biomedicine as a professional practice in Japan and the
United States that is less than two hundred years old. There is some evidence to suggest
that during this change, the licensure and professional status of physicians at the end of
the nineteenth century has had lasting effects on healthcare today, specifically by creating
an abstracted concept of what it means to be a professional. Medical training of
physicians has perpetuated a doctrine governed by “professionalism,” a sense of
appropriate manner, a qualitative measure that has since been quantified. Even so, since
the concession of physicians as licensed professionals and the standardization of medical
education, only now are medical schools adjusting curricula for future physicians. Now
that medical education is changing, this thesis will caution against the use of subjective
definitions of professionalism when teaching future physicians and will propose four
suggestions for changing curricula. Ultimately, this thesis will explore the
“professionalism” of professionals in healthcare and compare medical education curricula
in Japan and the US through preliminary research in Japan and unstructured interviews
with physicians in the US. The main objective of this thesis is to address the conundrum
of professionals being unaware of their own “professionalism.”
Measuring the Right to Food: A U.S. Policy Perspective
Creators: name: Night, Samantha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The right to food is recognized by international law as a fundamental human right of all people. Three conditions must be met for the right to food to be realized; food must be available, accessible, and adequate. While food policy research in the United States has focused on specific elements of these conditions, the right to food has not been measured in a substantive and comprehensive way. This paper discusses the normative implications of the right to food in the United States and proposes a framework for operationalizing and measuring it domestically. I argue that right to food standards should apply in the United States, and that a substantive and comprehensive right to food assessment should be undertaken. Incorporating right to food principles into the development of U.S. food policy, particularly at the state and local levels, may address both structural and direct determinants of food insecurity and the prevalence of overweight and obesity. The goal of right to food policies in the U.S. should be to facilitate conditions such that people are able to provide a healthy diet for themselves. This paper takes the first step in a substantive right to food assessment of U.S. food policy by introducing an evaluation framework for use in future policy research and analysis.
Stricosus madanii Sabir and Theriot 2018, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Sabir, J. S. M.
name: Theriot, E. C.
name: Lobban, C. S.
name: Alhebshi, A. M.
name: Al-Malki, A. L.
name: Hajrah, N. H.
name: Khiyami, M. A.
name: Obaid, A. Y.
name: Jansen, R. K.
name: Ashworth, M. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Licmophorales
Ulnariaceae
Stricosus
Stricosus madanii

description: Stricosus madanii Sabir and Theriot sp. nov. (Figs 104–111)
 Holotype: — ANSP G.C. 38101
 Isotype: — UTKSA 0065
 Type locality: —Obhur near Jeddah, Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia (21° 43.535’ N, 39° 06.949’ E).
 Material studied: Wild and cultured (UTKSA 0065, KSA 0171) material isolated from type locality: SA 29, sediment collected from the submerged rocky bottom at the Obhur area of Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (21° 43.535’ N, 39° 06.949’ E).
 Description: —Valves of this robustly shaped species were observed to be 51.9–137.4 μm long and 6.1–9.2 μm wide. Sides were parallel for much of the valve length for most valves; a few valves were even slightly concave in the middle, widening towards the poles (Figs 104–108). Margins became slightly convex towards the apices and converged to a rounded end. Apices were never observed to be capitate. The sternum was prominent but evenly thin along the length of the valve (Figs 104–107). Virga spacing was visible in the LM, more prominently than on the valves of most other species, and was measured at 40–43 in 10 μm. The deeply sunken ocellulimbi were 6–14 pores wide and 6–8 pores tall, and overhung by 1–3 spines (Fig. 109). The specimens had a rimoportula at each pole with unusual internal morphology. The covers bordering the aperture were elongated and oblique to the transapical axis, but the slit and covers were sinuous (Figs 110, 111). The external rimoportula pores were about 1.6–2.4 μm from the end of the valve (Fig. 109). Striae were biseriate and walls were bilayered, again with a single pore internally. Girdle bands were open and without pores (Fig 109).
 Remarks: —Unlike other the species studied here, S. madanii has a very distinct outline and robust appearance, and was relatively wide for its length. The sinuous rimoportula lips and slit were also unique among diatoms studied.
 Etymology: —Named in honor of Prof. Dr. Ghazi Obaid Madani, Former President of King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, for his contributions to scientific research.
description: Published as part of Sabir, J. S. M., Theriot, E. C., Lobban, C. S., Alhebshi, A. M., Al-Malki, A. L., Hajrah, N. H., Khiyami, M. A., Obaid, A. Y., Jansen, R. K. & Ashworth, M. A., 2018, Systematics of araphid diatoms with asymmetric rimoportulae or densely packed virgae, with particular attention to Hyalosynedra (Ulnariaceae, Bacillariophyta), pp. 1-49 in Phytotaxa 347 (1) on pages 40-42, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.347.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13707999
COGNITIVE COMPONENTS OF RURAL TOURISM DESTINATION IMAGES: THE CASE OF LAKE PLASTIRAS, GREECE
Creators: name: Kokkali, Panagiota
name: Koutsouris, Alex
name: Chrysochou, Polymeros
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2009

description: This paper aims at exploring issues related to rural tourism destination image (TDI) focusing on the cognitive component. By means of empirical research addressing tourists visiting the Lake Plastiras area, Central Greece, factors comprising the cognitive component of the area’s TDI were identified along with their effect on destination attractiveness. Furthermore, the influence of tourists’ characteristics on their cognitive TDI was explored. The results indicate that: (1) the area’s TDI can be delineated in six cognitive factors; (2) the area’s attractiveness is significantly influenced by three of these factors; (3) visitors can be classified in four clusters according to the cognitive factors; (4) tourists’ clusters differ in terms of age, education and income as well as number of visits and perception of the area’s attractiveness. Such findings point towards the need of both a new strategy for the area’s placement within the tourist market and further research.
description: tourismos, Vol. 4 No. 4 (2009)
Functional, rheological, and microstructural properties of hydrothermal puffed and raw amaranth flour suspensions
Creators: name: Lux (Neé Bantleon), Tanja
name: Kardell, Martha
name: Reimold, Frederike
name: Erdoes, Adam
name: Floeter, Eckhard
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: color change
subject: pasting properties
subject: pseudocereal suspension
subject: puffed amaranth
subject: water absorption
subject: 660 Chemische Verfahrenstechnik und verwandte Technologien

description: The pseudocereal amaranth is commonly used in food as whole puffed grain. To improve the utilization of amaranth, hydrothermally treated suspensions of puffed and raw Amaranthus caudatus flour and their blends were investigated in this study. The suspensions were hydrothermally treated at 20, 50, and 80°C for 1, 5, and 24 h. The blends were treated at 80°C for 1 h. The effect of hydrothermal treatments of the suspensions on their morphological (color, SEM), water‐binding, and rheological‐functional properties was studied. The puffed amaranth suspensions exhibited cold swelling properties by rapid viscosity increase and significant water absorption properties. It was found that hydrothermal treatment at 80°C for 1 h significantly increased water absorption and viscosity in puffed and raw flour suspensions. However, the puffed suspensions showed significantly higher values in water binding and viscosity. Suspensions of raw amaranth flour showed increasing color differences with increasing temperature. Blends of raw and puffed amaranth flour resulted in a decreasing color change with increasing puffed flour content. Water absorption of the samples increased with an increasing puffed flour content. Raw amaranth flour and the 50/50 (puffed/raw) blend had the lowest, 10/90 and 20/80 (puffed/raw), and showed similar viscosity profiles to suspensions of pure puffed flour.
Channel-wise Subband Input for Better Voice and Accompaniment Separation on High Resolution Music
Creators: name: Liu, Haohe
name: Xie, Lei
name: Wu, Jian
name: Yang, Geng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a new input format, channel-wise subband input (CWS), for convolutional neural networks (CNN) based music source separation (MSS) models in the frequency domain. We aim to address the major issues in CNN-based high-resolution MSS model: high computational cost and weight sharing between distinctly different bands. Specifically, in this paper, we decompose the input mixture spectra into several bands and concatenate them channel-wise as the model input. The proposed approach enables effective weight sharing in each subband and introduces more flexibility between channels. For comparison purposes, we perform voice and accompaniment separation (VAS) on models with different scales, architectures, and CWS settings. Experiments show that the CWS input is beneficial in many aspects. We evaluate our method on musdb18hq test set, focusing on SDR, SIR and SAR metrics. Among all our experiments, CWS enables models to obtain 6.9% performance gain on the average metrics. With even a smaller number of parameters, less training data, and shorter training time, our MDenseNet with 8-bands CWS input still surpasses the original MMDenseNet with a large margin. Moreover, CWS also reduces computational cost and training time to a large extent.
description: Accepted in INTERSPEECH 2020
Complexity Equals Action
Creators: name: Brown, Adam R.
name: Roberts, Daniel A.
name: Susskind, Leonard
name: Swingle, Brian
name: Zhao, Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conjecture that the quantum complexity of a holographic state is dual to the action of a certain spacetime region that we call a Wheeler-DeWitt patch. We illustrate and test the conjecture in the context of neutral, charged, and rotating black holes in AdS, as well as black holes perturbed with static shells and with shock waves. This conjecture evolved from a previous conjecture that complexity is dual to spatial volume, but appears to be a major improvement over the original. In light of our results, we discuss the hypothesis that black holes are the fastest computers in nature.
description: published as "Holographic Complexity Equals Bulk Action?"
PARTICIPANTS IN THE ECOTOURISM ACTIVITY AND ECO-TOUR PLANNING
Creators: name: Petrovska, Elena
name: Reckoski, Risto
name: Reckoska, Gordana
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2009

description: Ecotourism is a concept that evolved in the past 20 years as the conservation community, people living in and around protected areas, and the travel industry witnessed a boom in nature tourism and realized their mutual interests in directing its growth. It provides opportunities for visitors to experience powerful manifestations of nature and culture and to learn about the importance of biodiversity conservation and local cultures. At the same time, ecotourism generates income for conservation and economic benefits for communities living in rural or remote areas. The attributes of ecotourism make it a valuable tool for conservation. Also, ecotourism process embraces a huge range of participants doing different parts of the whole development stages. Of all the participants in the ecotourism activity, the tourism industry is perhaps the most important and the least appreciated by conservationists.
description: tourismos, Vol. 4 No. 4 (2009)
Development of a Glucose-Free Cell Culture Media for Primary Colonocytes
Creators: name: Driscoll, Katherine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Development of lab on a chip technology, specifically for the colon, has great potential to elucidate mechanisms for chronic illness as well as to serve as a screening study for colonic drugs and causes for infection. For this technology to be representative of the colon, the environment to which colonocyte cells are exposed must be similar to in-vivo conditions. Thus, glucose must not be present in solution, as it is not naturally found in the lumen of the colon. This study focused on the development of a glucose-free cell culture medium.
VLANet: Video-Language Alignment Network for Weakly-Supervised Video Moment Retrieval
Creators: name: Ma, Minuk
name: Yoon, Sunjae
name: Kim, Junyeong
name: Lee, Youngjoon
name: Kang, Sunghun
name: Yoo, Chang D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Video Moment Retrieval (VMR) is a task to localize the temporal moment in untrimmed video specified by natural language query. For VMR, several methods that require full supervision for training have been proposed. Unfortunately, acquiring a large number of training videos with labeled temporal boundaries for each query is a labor-intensive process. This paper explores methods for performing VMR in a weakly-supervised manner (wVMR): training is performed without temporal moment labels but only with the text query that describes a segment of the video. Existing methods on wVMR generate multi-scale proposals and apply query-guided attention mechanisms to highlight the most relevant proposal. To leverage the weak supervision, contrastive learning is used which predicts higher scores for the correct video-query pairs than for the incorrect pairs. It has been observed that a large number of candidate proposals, coarse query representation, and one-way attention mechanism lead to blurry attention maps which limit the localization performance. To handle this issue, Video-Language Alignment Network (VLANet) is proposed that learns sharper attention by pruning out spurious candidate proposals and applying a multi-directional attention mechanism with fine-grained query representation. The Surrogate Proposal Selection module selects a proposal based on the proximity to the query in the joint embedding space, and thus substantially reduces candidate proposals which leads to lower computation load and sharper attention. Next, the Cascaded Cross-modal Attention module considers dense feature interactions and multi-directional attention flow to learn the multi-modal alignment. VLANet is trained end-to-end using contrastive loss which enforces semantically similar videos and queries to gather. The experiments show that the method achieves state-of-the-art performance on Charades-STA and DiDeMo datasets.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, European Conference on Computer Vision, 2020
Forecasting the cost of processing multi-join queries via hashing for main-memory databases (Extended version)
Creators: name: Liu, Feilong
name: Blanas, Spyros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Database management systems (DBMSs) carefully optimize complex multi-join queries to avoid expensive disk I/O. As servers today feature tens or hundreds of gigabytes of RAM, a significant fraction of many analytic databases becomes memory-resident. Even after careful tuning for an in-memory environment, a linear disk I/O model such as the one implemented in PostgreSQL may make query response time predictions that are up to 2X slower than the optimal multi-join query plan over memory-resident data. This paper introduces a memory I/O cost model to identify good evaluation strategies for complex query plans with multiple hash-based equi-joins over memory-resident data. The proposed cost model is carefully validated for accuracy using three different systems, including an Amazon EC2 instance, to control for hardware-specific differences. Prior work in parallel query evaluation has advocated right-deep and bushy trees for multi-join queries due to their greater parallelization and pipelining potential. A surprising finding is that the conventional wisdom from shared-nothing disk-based systems does not directly apply to the modern shared-everything memory hierarchy. As corroborated by our model, the performance gap between the optimal left-deep and right-deep query plan can grow to about 10X as the number of joins in the query increases.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, extended version of the paper to appear in SoCC'15
DYNASOR -- A tool for extracting dynamical structure factors and current correlation functions from molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Fransson, Erik
name: Slabanja, Mattias
name: Erhart, Paul
name: Wahnström, Göran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perturbative treatments of the lattice dynamics are widely successful for many crystalline materials, their applicability is, however, limited for strongly anharmonic systems, metastable crystal structures and liquids. The full dynamics of these systems can, however, be accessed via molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using correlation functions, which includes dynamical structure factors providing a direct bridge to experiment. To simplify the analysis of correlation functions, here the dynasor package is presented as a flexible and efficient tool that enables the calculation of static and dynamical structure factors, current correlation functions as well as their partial counterparts from MD trajectories. The dynasor code can handle input from several major open source MD packages and thanks to its C/Python structure can be readily extended to support additional codes. The utility of dynasor is demonstrated via examples for both solid and liquid single and multi-component systems. In particular, the possibility to extract the full temperature dependence of phonon frequencies and lifetimes is emphasized.
On symmetries of the non-stationary PIIn hierarchy and their applications
Creators: name: Bobrova, Irina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the current paper we study auto-Bäcklund transformations of the non-stationary second Painlevé hierarchy $\text{P}_\text{II}^{(n)}$ depending on $n$ parameters: a parameter $α_n$ and times $t_1, \dots, t_{n-1}$. Using generators $s^{(n)}$ and $r^{(n)}$ of these symmetries, we have constructed an affine Weyl group $W^{(n)}$ and its extension $\tilde{W}^{(n)}$ associated with the $n$-th member considered hierarchy. We determined $\text{P}_\text{II}^{(n)}$ rational solutions via Yablonskii-Vorobiev-type polynomials $u_m^{(n)} (z)$. We brought out a correlation between Yablonskii-Vorobiev-type polynomials and polynomial $τ$-functions $τ_m^{(n)} (z)$ and found their determinant representation in the Jacobi-Trudi form.
description: Some typos were fixed. The proof of Theorem 1.1 has been rewritten
Practical Bayesian Tomography
Creators: name: Granade, Christopher
name: Combes, Joshua
name: Cory, D. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, Bayesian methods have been proposed as a solution to a wide range of issues in quantum state and process tomography. State-of-the-art Bayesian tomography solutions suffer from three problems: numerical intractability, a lack of informative prior distributions, and an inability to track time-dependent processes. Here, we address all three problems. First, we use modern statistical methods, as pioneered by Huszár and Houlsby and by Ferrie, to make Bayesian tomography numerically tractable. Our approach allows for practical computation of Bayesian point and region estimators for quantum states and channels. Second, we propose the first priors on quantum states and channels that allow for including useful experimental insight. Finally, we develop a method that allows tracking of time-dependent states and estimates the drift and diffusion processes affecting a state. We provide source code and animated visual examples for our methods.
description: 25 pages, quite a lot of figures, two videos, a tutorial, and a partridge in a pear tree