cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Probing the Early Universe with the CMB Scalar, Vector and Tensor Bispectrum
Creators: name: Shiraishi, Maresuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although cosmological observations suggest that the fluctuations of seed fields are almost Gaussian, the possibility of a small deviation of their fields from Gaussianity is widely discussed. Theoretically, there exist numerous inflationary scenarios which predict large and characteristic non-Gaussianities in the primordial perturbations. These model-dependent non-Gaussianities act as sources of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) bispectrum; therefore, the analysis of the CMB bispectrum is very important and attractive in order to clarify the nature of the early Universe. Currently, the impacts of the primordial non-Gaussianities in the scalar perturbations, where the rotational and parity invariances are kept, on the CMB bispectrum have been well-studied. However, for a complex treatment, the CMB bispectra generated from the non-Gaussianities, which originate from the vector- and tensor-mode perturbations and include the violation of the rotational or parity invariance, have never been considered in spite of the importance of this information. On the basis of our current studies, this thesis provides the general formalism for the CMB bispectrum sourced by the non-Gaussianities not only in the scalar-mode perturbations but also in the vector- and tensor-mode perturbations. Applying this formalism, we calculate the CMB bispectrum from two scalars and a graviton correlation and that from primordial magnetic fields, and we then outline new constraints on these amplitudes. Furthermore, this formalism can be easily extended to the cases where the rotational or parity invariance is broken. We also compute the CMB bispectra from the non-Gaussianities of the curvature perturbations with a preferred direction and the graviton non-Gaussianities induced by the parity-violating Weyl cubic terms. We also present some unique impacts to the violation of these invariances on the CMB bispectrum.
description: The final version will be published in Springer Theses http://www.springer.com/astronomy/book/978-4-431-54179-0
Model of pp and AA collisions for the description of long-range correlations
Creators: name: Kovalenko, Vladimir
name: Vechernin, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft processes in pp and AA interactions are considered in the framework of phenomenological model with color strings formation and fusion. Elementary parton collisions are realized in the model as the interaction of two colour dipoles from projectile and target nucleons. Modeling of the exclusive distributions of parton momentum fractions and transverse coordinates is performed. The interaction of colour strings in transverse plane is carried out in the framework of local string fusion model with the introduction of the lattice in the impact parameter plane and taking into account the finite rapidity length of strings. The parameters were fixed with experimental data on pp total inelastic cross section and charged multiplicity. The model was used for the calculation of long-range correlations between the multiplicities (n) and the mean transverse momenta (pt) of charged particles. The dependence of n-n, pt-n, pt-pt correlations on the width and position of the backward and forward rapidity windows was studied. Note that the model enables to describe the AA interactions without referring to the Glauber picture based on the concept of elementary nucleon-nucleon collisions. In this connection the charged multiplicity, the mean numbers of participant nucleons and binary collisions and their variances in the case of PbPb collisions were calculated and compared with the predictions of alternative models and the experimental data. The influence of different ways of centrality determination on the multiplicity fluctuations and long-range correlations was also discussed.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, proc. Baldin ISHEPP XXI
Associations of Parent–Child Anxious and Depressive Symptoms When a Caregiver Has a History of Depression
Creators: name: Haker, Kelly
name: Colletti, Christina J. M.
name: Garai, Emily
name: Compas, Bruce E.
name: Potts, Jennifer
name: Forehand, Rex
name: McKee, Laura
name: Champion, Jennifer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: We examined the associations between parent and child anxious and depressive symptoms controlling for co-occurring symptoms in both. One hundred and four families participated, including 131 9–15 year old children considered at risk for anxiety and/or depression due to a history of depression in a parent. Parents and children completed questionnaires assessing depressive and anxious symptoms. Linear Mixed Models analyses controlling for the alternate parent and child symptoms indicated that both parent and child depressive symptoms and parent and child anxious symptoms were positively associated. Parental depressive symptoms were not positively associated with child anxious symptoms, and parental anxious symptoms were not positively associated with child depressive symptoms. The findings provide evidence for positive specific links between parent and child development of same-syndrome, but not cross-syndrome, symptoms when a caregiver has a history of depression.
Using Simulations and kinetic network models to reveal the dynamics and functions of Riboswitches
Creators: name: Lin, Jong-Chin
name: Yoon, Jeseong
name: Hyeon, Changbong
name: Thirumalai, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Riboswitches, RNA elements found in the untranslated region, regulate gene expression by binding to target metaboloites with exquisite specificity. Binding of metabolites to the conserved aptamer domain allosterically alters the conformation in the downstream expression platform. The fate of gene expression is determined by the changes in the downstream RNA sequence. As the metabolite-dependent cotranscriptional folding and unfolding dynamics of riboswitches is the key determinant of gene expression, it is important to investigate both the thermodynamics and kinetics of riboswitches both in the presence and absence of metabolite. Single molecule force experiments that decipher the free energy landscape of riboswitches from their mechanical responses, theoretical and computational studies have recently shed light on the distinct mechanism of folding dynamics in different classes of riboswitches. Here we first discuss the dynamics of water around riboswitch, highlighting that water dynamics can enhance the fluctuation of nucleic acid structure. To go beyond native state fluctuations we used the Self-Organized Polymer (SOP) model to predict the dynamics of add adenine riboswitch under mechanical forces. In addition to quantitatively predicting the folding landscape of add-riboswitch our simulations also explain the difference in the dynamics between pbuE adenine- and add adenine-riboswitches. In order to probe the function {\it in vivo} we use the folding landscape to propose a system level kinetic network model to quantitatively predict how gene expression is regulated for riboswitches that are under kinetic control.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures
Dynamical perturbations around an extreme mass ratio inspiral near resonance
Creators: name: Silva, Makana
name: Hirata, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extreme mass ratio inspirals (EMRIs) -- systems with a compact object orbiting a much more massive (e.g., galactic center) black hole -- are of interest both as a new probe of the environments of galactic nuclei, and their waveforms are a precision test of the Kerr metric. This work focuses on the effects of an external perturbation due to a third body around an EMRI system. This perturbation will affect the orbit most significantly when the inner body crosses a resonance with the outer body, and result in a change of the conserved quantities (energy, angular momentum, and Carter constant) or equivalently of the actions, which results in a subsequent phase shift of the waveform that builds up over time. We present a general method for calculating the changes in action during a resonance crossing, valid for generic orbits in the Kerr spacetime. We show that these changes are related to the gravitational waveforms emitted by the two bodies (quantified by the amplitudes of the Weyl scalar $ψ_4$ at the horizon and at $\infty$) at the frequency corresponding to the resonance. This allows us to compute changes in the action variables for each body, without directly computing the explicit metric perturbations, and therefore we can carry out the computation by calling an existing black hole perturbation theory code. We show that our calculation can probe resonant interactions in both the static and dynamical limit. We plan to use this technique for future investigations of third-body effects in EMRIs and their potential impact on waveforms for LISA.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, to be submitted to PRD
Experimental implementation of Hardy-like quantum pigeonhole paradoxes
Creators: name: Ru, Shihao
name: Huang, Cen-Xiao
name: Hu, Xiao-Min
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Wang, Feiran
name: Liu, Ni
name: Tang, Weidong
name: Zhang, Pei
name: Liu, Bi-Heng
name: Li, Fuli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the general Hardy-like quantum pigeonhole paradoxes for \textit{n}-particle states, and find that each of such paradoxes can be simply associated to an un-colorable solution of a specific vertex-coloring problem induced from the projected-coloring graph (a kind of unconventional graph). Besides, as a special kind of Hardy's paradox, several kinds of Hardy-like quantum pigeonhole paradoxes can even give rise to higher success probability in demonstrating the conflict between quantum mechanics and local or noncontextual realism than the previous Hardy's paradoxes. Moreover, not only multi-qubit states, but high-dimensional states can exhibit the paradoxes. In contrast to only one type of contradiction presented in the original quantum pigeonhole paradox, two kinds of three-qubit projected-coloring graph states as the minimal illustration are discussed in our work, and an optical experiment to verify such stronger paradox is performed. This quantum paradox provides innovative thoughts and methods in exploring new types of stronger multi-party quantum nonlocality and may have potential applications in multi-party untrusted communications and device-independent random number generation.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Character tables (modular data) for Drinfeld doubles of finite groups
Creators: name: Coquereaux, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In view of applications to conformal field theory or to other branches of theoretical physics and mathematics, new examples of character tables for Drinfeld doubles of finite groups (modular data) are made available on a website.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, 7th International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Physics, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, April 2012. Version 2: a misleading sentence was removed from section 2. http://pos.sissa.it/archive/conferences/175/024/ICMP%202012_024.pdf
Children with Special Health Care Needs: Impact of Health Care Expenditures on Family Financial Burden
Creators: name: Mark, Barbara A.
name: Lindley, Lisa C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: We investigated the relationship between health care expenditures for Special Health Care Needs (SHCN) children and family perception of financial burden. Using 2005/2006 National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs data, a multivariate logistic regression model was used to estimate the relationship between the SHCN child’s health care expenditure and perceived financial burden, while controlling for family and child characteristics. Our analysis suggests that health care expenditures for a SHCN child of $250 and more are associated with family perception of financial burden. In addition, families with lower socioeconomic status also perceived financial burden at lower level of expenditures. Members of the health care team who treat children with SHCN have an important role in understanding and assessing family financial burden as part of the care delivery to the child and the family. Our study reinforces the need to treat the whole family as the unit of care, especially when caring for children with special health care needs.
แบบจำลองกำหนดการเชิงเส้นผสมจำนวนเต็มสำหรับการจัดการโครงข่ายโซ่อุปทานหลังการเก็บเกี่ยวผลอินทผลัม
Creators: name: ชัยมงคล  ลิ้มเพียรชอบ
Publisher: name: King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi
Year: 2023
Subjects: Post-harvest Planning
Supply Chain Planning
Mixed-Integer Linear Programming Model

description: KMUTT Research and Development Journal, 46, 3, 253-265
Application of Ewald's Method for Efficient Summation of Dyon Long-Range Potentials
Creators: name: Maier, Benjamin
name: Bruckmann, Falk
name: Dinter, Simon
name: Ilgenfritz, Ernst-Michael
name: Muller-Preussker, Michael
name: Wagner, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a model of dyons for SU(2) Yang-Mills theory at finite temperature T < T_c, in particular its ability to generate a confining force between a static quark antiquark pair. The interaction between dyons corresponds to a long-range 1/r potential, which in naive treatments with a finite number of dyons typically gives rise to severe finite volume effects. To avoid such effects we apply the so-called Ewald method, which has its origin in solid state physics. The basic idea of Ewald's method is to consider a finite number of dyons inside a finite cubic volume and enforce periodicity of this volume. We explain the technicalities of Ewald's method and outline how the method can be applied to a wider class of 1/r^p long-range potentials.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, contribution to conference "Confinement X"
The Role of Implicit Measurement in the Assessment of Risky Behavior: A Pilot Study with African American Girls
Creators: name: Payne, B. Keith
name: Kincaid, Carlye Y.
name: Jones, Deborah J.
name: Gonzalez, Michelle
name: DeVellis, Robert
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: With the aim of developing a novel strategy for identifying vulnerability for early sexual activity and adjustment problems, African American girls (n = 39) completed partially structured scenarios in which female characters of similar age faced circumstances characterized by varying levels of risk. Most girls indicated that they believed the characters would have sex, regardless of their own sexual history or the level of risk in the scenario. However, the combination of girls’ sexual history and girls’ predictions of characters’ behavior in the scenario provided more information regarding the girls at greatest risk for adjustment problems. Implicit techniques offer an additional strategy for identifying girls most vulnerable to adjustment difficulties in the context of early sexual activity.
Enhancing All-Optical Switching of Magnetization by He Ion Irradiation
Creators: name: Li, Pingzhi
name: van der Jagt, Johannes W.
name: Beens, Maarten
name: Hintermayr, Julian
name: Verheijen, Marcel
name: Bruikman, René
name: Barcones, Beatriz
name: Juge, Roméo
name: Lavrijsen, Reinoud
name: Ravelosona, Dafiné
name: Koopmans, Bert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All-optical switching (AOS) of magnetization by a single femtosecond laser pulse in Co/Gd based synthetic ferrimagnets is the fastest magnetization switching process. On the other hand, He ion irradiation has become a promising tool for interface engineering of spintronic material platforms, giving rise to significant modification of magnetic properties. In this paper, we explore the use of He ion irradiation to enhance single pulse AOS of Co/Gd bilayer-based synthetic ferrimagnets. The intermixing of the constituent magnetic layers by He ion irradiation was both numerically simulated and experimentally verified. We theoretically modelled the effects of intermixing on AOS using the layered microscopic 3-temperature model and found that AOS is enhanced significantly by breaking the pristine Co/Gd interface through intermixing. Following this notion, we studied the threshold fluence of AOS as a function of He ion irradiation fluence. We found that the AOS threshold fluence can be reduced by almost 30%. Our study reveals the control of AOS by He ion irradiation, which opens up an industrially compatible approach for local AOS engineering.
Neural network model for imprecise regression with interval dependent variables
Creators: name: Tretiak, Krasymyr
name: Schollmeyer, Georg
name: Ferson, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68T07, 62J02, 62J05

description: This paper presents a computationally feasible method to compute rigorous bounds on the interval-generalisation of regression analysis to account for epistemic uncertainty in the output variables. The new iterative method uses machine learning algorithms to fit an imprecise regression model to data that consist of intervals rather than point values. The method is based on a single-layer interval neural network which can be trained to produce an interval prediction. It seeks parameters for the optimal model that minimizes the mean squared error between the actual and predicted interval values of the dependent variable using a first-order gradient-based optimization and interval analysis computations to model the measurement imprecision of the data. An additional extension to a multi-layer neural network is also presented. We consider the explanatory variables to be precise point values, but the measured dependent values are characterized by interval bounds without any probabilistic information. The proposed iterative method estimates the lower and upper bounds of the expectation region, which is an envelope of all possible precise regression lines obtained by ordinary regression analysis based on any configuration of real-valued points from the respective y-intervals and their x-values.
description: 35 pages, 8 figures
Long Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies and their Environments
Creators: name: Fynbo, Johan P. U.
name: Malesani, Daniele
name: Jakobsson, Páll
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this book-chapter we first briefly discuss some basic observational issues related to what a GRB host galaxy is (whether they are operationally well defined as a class) and sample completeness. We then describe some of the early studies of GRB hosts starting with statistical studies of upper limits done prior to the first detections, the first host detection after the BeppoSAX breakthrough and leading up to the current Swift era. Finally, we discuss the status of efforts to construct a more complete sample of GRBs based on Swift and end with an outlook. We only consider the host galaxies of long-duration GRBs.
description: 31 pages, 14 figures; Chapter 13 in "Gamma-Ray Bursts", eds. C. Kouveliotou, R. A. M. J. Wijers, S. E. Woosley, Cambridge University Press, 2011
Comparing the Host Galaxies of Type Ia, Type II and Type Ibc Supernovae
Creators: name: Shao, X.
name: Liang, Y. C.
name: Dennefeld, M.
name: Chen, X. Y.
name: Zhong, G. H.
name: Hammer, F.
name: Deng, L. C.
name: Flores, H.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Shi, W. B.
name: Zhou, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the host galaxies of 902 supernovae, including SNe Ia, SNe II and SNe Ibc, which are selected by cross-matching the Asiago Supernova Catalog with the SDSS Data Release 7. We further selected 213 galaxies by requiring the light fraction of spectral observations $>$15%, which could represent well the global properties of the galaxies. Among them, 135 galaxies appear on the Baldwin-Phillips-Terlevich diagram, which allows us to compare the hosts in terms of star-forming, AGNs (including composites, LINERs and Seyfert 2s) and "Absorp" (their related emission-lines are weak or non-existence) galaxies. The diagrams related to parameters D$_n$(4000), H$δ_A$, stellar masses, SFRs and specific SFRs for the SNe hosts show that almost all SNe II and most of SNe Ibc occur in SF galaxies, which have a wide range of stellar mass and low D$_n$(4000). The SNe Ia hosts as SF galaxies follow similar trends. A significant fraction of SNe Ia occurs in AGNs and Absorp galaxies, which are massive and have high D$_n$(4000). The stellar population analysis from spectral synthesis fitting shows that the hosts of SNe II have a younger stellar population than hosts of SNe Ia. These results are compared with those of the 689 comparison galaxies where the SDSS fiber captures less than 15% of the total light. These comparison galaxies appear biased towards higher 12+log(O/H) ($\sim$0.1dex) at a given stellar mass. Therefore, we believe the aperture effect should be kept in mind when the properties of the hosts for different types of SNe are discussed.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Electrostatic Coupling between Two Surfaces of a Topological Insulator Nanodevice
Creators: name: Fatemi, Valla
name: Hunt, Benjamin
name: Steinberg, Hadar
name: Eltinge, Stephen L.
name: Mahmood, Fahad
name: Butch, Nicholas P.
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Gedik, Nuh
name: Ashoori, Ray
name: Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on electronic transport measurements of dual-gated nano-devices of the low-carrier density topological insulator Bi1.5Sb0.5Te1.7Se1.3. In all devices the upper and lower surface states are independently tunable to the Dirac point by the top and bottom gate electrodes. In thin devices, electric fields are found to penetrate through the bulk, indicating finite capacitive coupling between the surface states. A charging model allows us to use the penetrating electric field as a measurement of the inter-surface capacitance $C_{TI}$ and the surface state energy-density relationship $μ$(n), which is found to be consistent with independent ARPES measurements. At high magnetic fields, increased field penetration through the surface states is observed, strongly suggestive of the opening of a surface state band gap due to broken time-reversal symmetry.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted to Physical Review Letters
Machine Learning for Detection of 3D Features using sparse X-ray data
Creators: name: Wolfe, Bradley T.
name: Falato, Michael J.
name: Zhang, Xinhua
name: Nguyen-Fotiadis, Nga T. T.
name: Sauppe, J. P.
name: Kozlowski, P. M.
name: Keiter, P. A.
name: Reinovsky, R. E.
name: Batha, S. A.
name: Wang, Zhehui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In many inertial confinement fusion experiments, the neutron yield and other parameters cannot be completely accounted for with one and two dimensional models. This discrepancy suggests that there are three dimensional effects which may be significant. Sources of these effects include defects in the shells and shell interfaces, the fill tube of the capsule, and the joint feature in double shell targets. Due to their ability to penetrate materials, X-rays are used to capture the internal structure of objects. Methods such as Computational Tomography use X-ray radiographs from hundreds of projections in order to reconstruct a three dimensional model of the object. In experimental environments, such as the National Ignition Facility and Omega-60, the availability of these views is scarce and in many cases only consist of a single line of sight. Mathematical reconstruction of a 3D object from sparse views is an ill-posed inverse problem. These types of problems are typically solved by utilizing prior information. Neural networks have been used for the task of 3D reconstruction as they are capable of encoding and leveraging this prior information. We utilize half a dozen different convolutional neural networks to produce different 3D representations of ICF implosions from the experimental data. We utilize deep supervision to train a neural network to produce high resolution reconstructions. We use these representations to track 3D features of the capsules such as the ablator, inner shell, and the joint between shell hemispheres. Machine learning, supplemented by different priors, is a promising method for 3D reconstructions in ICF and X-ray radiography in general.
The Query Complexity of Correlated Equilibria
Creators: name: Hart, Sergiu
name: Nisan, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We consider the complexity of finding a correlated equilibrium of an $n$-player game in a model that allows the algorithm to make queries on players' payoffs at pure strategy profiles. Randomized regret-based dynamics are known to yield an approximate correlated equilibrium efficiently, namely, in time that is polynomial in the number of players $n$. Here we show that both randomization and approximation are necessary: no efficient deterministic algorithm can reach even an approximate correlated equilibrium, and no efficient randomized algorithm can reach an exact correlated equilibrium. The results are obtained by bounding from below the number of payoff queries that are needed.
Exploring stellar and ionized gas non--circular motions in barred galaxies with MUSE
Creators: name: Lopez-Coba, Carlos
name: Sanchez, Sebastian F.
name: Lin, Lihwai
name: Anderson, Joseph P.
name: Lin, Kai-Yang
name: Cruz-Gonzalez, Irene
name: Galbany, L.
name: Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present MUSE integral field stellar and ionized velocity maps for a sample of 14 barred galaxies. Most of these objects exhibit "S"-shape iso-velocities in the bar region indicative of the presence of streaming motions in the velocity fields. % By applying circular rotation models we observe that bars leave symmetric structures in the residual maps of the stellar velocity. %which demonstrates the capabilities of the MUSE instrument for detecting kinematic bar signatures. % We built non-circular rotation models using the \xs~tool to characterize the observed velocity fields. In particular we adopt bisymmetric models and a harmonic decomposition for a bar potential for describing the non-axisymmetric velocities. We find that both models reproduce the observed kinematic features. % The position angle of the oval distortion estimated from the bisymmetric model correlates with the photometric bar position angle $(ρ_{pearson} = 0.95)$, which suggest that non-circular velocities are caused by the bar. However because of the low amplitudes of the $s_3$ harmonic we can not rule out radial flows as possible source. % Because of the weak detection of \ha~in our objects we are not able to compare gas to stellar non-circular motions in our sample, although we show that when galaxies are gas rich the oval distortion is also observed but with larger amplitudes. % Finally, we do not find evidence that the amplitude of the non-circular motions is dependent on the bar size, stellar mass or the global SFR.
description: 17 pages, 11 Figures, submitted to ApJ
First evidence of fully spatially mixed first and second generations in globular clusters: the case of NGC 6362
Creators: name: Dalessandro, E.
name: Massari, D.
name: Bellazzini, M.
name: Miocchi, P.
name: Mucciarelli, A.
name: Salaris, M.
name: Cassisi, S.
name: Ferraro, F. R.
name: Lanzoni, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first evidence of multiple populations in the Galactic globular cluster NGC 6362. We used optical and near-UV Hubble Space Telescope and ground based photometry, finding that both the sub giant and red giant branches are split in two parallel sequences in all color magnitude diagrams where the F336W filter (or U band) is used. This cluster is one of the least massive globulars (M_tot~5x10^4 M_sun) where multiple populations have been detected so far. Even more interestingly and at odds with any previous finding, we observe that the two identified populations share the same radial distribution all over the cluster extension. NGC 6362 is the first system where stars from different populations are found to be completely spatially mixed. Based on N-body and hydrodynamical simulations of multiple stellar generations, we argue that, to reproduce these findings, NGC 6362 should have lost up to the 80% of its original mass
description: Accepted for publication by ApJ Letters; 6 pages, 5 figures
Deep Learning based Direct Segmentation Assisted by Deformable Image Registration for Cone-Beam CT based Auto-Segmentation for Adaptive Radiotherapy
Creators: name: Liang, Xiao
name: Morgan, Howard
name: Bai, Ti
name: Dohopolski, Michael
name: Nguyen, Dan
name: Jiang, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cone-beam CT (CBCT)-based online adaptive radiotherapy calls for accurate auto-segmentation to reduce the time cost for physicians to edit contours. However, deep learning (DL)-based direct segmentation of CBCT images is a challenging task, mainly due to the poor image quality and lack of well-labelled large training datasets. Deformable image registration (DIR) is often used to propagate the manual contours on the planning CT (pCT) of the same patient to CBCT. In this work, we undertake solving the problems mentioned above with the assistance of DIR. Our method consists of three main components. First, we use deformed pCT contours derived from multiple DIR methods between pCT and CBCT as pseudo labels for initial training of the DL-based direct segmentation model. Second, we use deformed pCT contours from another DIR algorithm as influencer volumes to define the region of interest for DL-based direct segmentation. Third, the initially trained DL model is further fine-tuned using a smaller set of true labels. We found that DL-based direct segmentation on CBCT trained with pseudo labels and without influencer volumes shows poor performance compared to DIR-based segmentation. However, adding deformed pCT contours as influencer volumes in the direct segmentation network dramatically improves segmentation performance, reaching the accuracy level of DIR-based segmentation. The DL model with influencer volumes can be further improved through fine-tuning using a smaller set of true labels. Experiments showed that 7 out of 19 structures have an at least 0.2 Dice similarity coefficient increase compared to DIR-based segmentation. A DL-based direct CBCT segmentation model can be improved to outperform DIR-based segmentation models by using deformed pCT contours as pseudo labels and influencer volumes for initial training, and by using a smaller set of true labels for model fine tuning.
Ground state interface exponents of the diluted Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin glass
Creators: name: Wang, Wenlong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a large-scale simulation of the ground state interface properties of the diluted Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin glass of Gaussian disorder for a broad range of the bond occupation probability $p$ using the strong disorder renormalization group and the population annealing Monte Carlo methods. We find that the interface is space-filling independent of $p$, i.e., the fractal dimension $d_s=1$. The stiffness exponent $θ$ is likely also independent of $p$, despite that the energy finite-size correction exponent $ω$ varies with $p$ as recently found. The energy finite-size scaling is also analyzed and compared with that of the $\pm J$ disorder, finding that the thermodynamic energy is universal in both $p$ and the disorder, and the exponent $ω$ varies with $p$ but is universal in the disorder.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Finite size scaling and the effect of the gauge coupling in 12 flavor systems
Creators: name: Hasenfratz, Anna
name: Cheng, Anqi
name: Petropoulos, Gregory
name: Schaich, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finite size scaling is a powerful tool to study the critical properties of systems governed by one relevant operator, assuming all irrelevant operators have scaling dimensions much smaller then zero. This condition is likely not satisfied in many-fermion conformal systems where perturbation theory predicts a nearly-marginal irrelevant gauge coupling. In this work we carry out a new investigation of SU(3) lattice gauge theory with 12 fundamental flavors. Analyzing data at many different gauge couplings, our preliminary results indicate that a finite size scaling analysis that takes into account the effect of a nearly-marginal gauge coupling can resolve many of the inconsistencies observed previously in this system, leading to results consistent with conformal infrared dynamics and predicting a mass scaling anomalous around $γ_m=0.25$.
description: Contribution to 31st International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory - LATTICE 2013
An Enhanced Graph Representation for Machine Learning Based Automatic Intersection Management
Creators: name: Klimke, Marvin
name: Gerigk, Jasper
name: Völz, Benjamin
name: Buchholz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The improvement of traffic efficiency at urban intersections receives strong research interest in the field of automated intersection management. So far, mostly non-learning algorithms like reservation or optimization-based ones were proposed to solve the underlying multi-agent planning problem. At the same time, automated driving functions for a single ego vehicle are increasingly implemented using machine learning methods. In this work, we build upon a previously presented graph-based scene representation and graph neural network to approach the problem using reinforcement learning. The scene representation is improved in key aspects by using edge features in addition to the existing node features for the vehicles. This leads to an increased representation quality that is leveraged by an updated network architecture. The paper provides an in-depth evaluation of the proposed method against baselines that are commonly used in automatic intersection management. Compared to a traditional signalized intersection and an enhanced first-in-first-out scheme, a significant reduction of induced delay is observed at varying traffic densities. Finally, the generalization capability of the graph-based representation is evaluated by testing the policy on intersection layouts not seen during training. The model generalizes virtually without restrictions to smaller intersection layouts and within certain limits to larger ones.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures, to be published in IEEE 25th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)
Pair production in inhomogeneous electric fields with phase modulation
Creators: name: Hu, Li-Na
name: Amat, Orkash
name: Li, Lie-Juan
name: Mohamedsedik, Melike
name: Xie, B. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron-positron pair production is investigated in spatial inhomogeneous electric fields with high or/and low central frequency as well as sinusoidal phase modulation. It is found that the momentum spectrum (the reduced particle number) is more sensitive to the modulated amplitude (modulated frequency) of the phase. The stronger the modulation parameters are applied, the more remarkable the interference effect in momentum spectrum occur. In particular, for high central frequency field, an extremely good symmetry in momentum spectrum is found while it is destroyed severely when the modulated amplitude becomes large. The reduced particle number can be also enhanced greatly at about a few times or/and one order by the modulation parameters. Moreover, the effect of spatial scales on the reduced particle number are examined carefully and found that it increases rapidly at small spatial scales, while it tends to be a constant at large spatial scales. Two interesting features are revealed for the reduced particle number, i.e., the optimal modulation parameters are found and the same particle number can be got through different set of modulation parameters. The latter findings is important because one can choose different ways of phase modulation to realize the required pair number even if for the optimal pair production.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures
A mid-infrared view of the inner parsecs of the Seyfert galaxy Mrk 1066 using CanariCam/GTC
Creators: name: Almeida, C. Ramos
name: Alonso-Herrero, A.
name: Esquej, P.
name: Gonzalez-Martin, O.
name: Riffel, R. A.
name: Garcia-Bernete, I.
name: Espinosa, J. M. Rodriguez
name: Packham, C.
name: Levenson, N. A.
name: Roche, P.
name: Diaz-Santos, T.
name: Aretxaga, I.
name: Alvarez, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present mid-infrared (MIR) imaging and spectroscopic data of the Seyfert 2 galaxy Mrk 1066 obtained with CanariCam (CC) on the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio CANARIAS (GTC). The galaxy was observed in imaging mode with an angular resolution of 0.24 arcsec (54 pc) in the Si-2 filter (8.7 micron). The image reveals a series of star-forming knots within the central ~400 pc, after subtracting the dominant active galactic nucleus (AGN) component. We also subtracted this AGN unresolved component from the 8-13 micron spectra of the knots and the nucleus, and measured equivalent widths (EWs) of the 11.3 micron Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) feature which are typical of pure starburst galaxies. This EW is larger in the nucleus than in the knots, confirming that, at least in the case of Mrk 1066, the AGN dilutes, rather than destroys, the molecules responsible for the 11.3 micron PAH emission. By comparing the nuclear GTC/CC spectrum with the Spitzer/IRS spectrum of the galaxy, we find that the AGN component that dominates the continuum emission at wavelengths below 15 micron on scales of ~60 pc (90-100%) decreases to 35-50% when the emission of the central ~830 pc is considered. On the other hand, the AGN contribution dominates the 15-25 micron emission (75%) on the scales probed by Spitzer/IRS. We find a good match between the MIR morphology of Mrk 1066 and the extended Pab, Brg and [O III] emission. This coincidence implies that the 8.7 micron emission is probing star formation, dust in the narrow-line region, and the oval structure previously detected in the near-infrared. On the other hand, the Chandra soft X-ray morphology does not match any of the previous, contrary to what it is generally assumed for Seyfert galaxies.
description: 16 pages including appendix, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Chiral magnetic skyrmions across length scales
Creators: name: Komineas, Stavros
name: Melcher, Christof
name: Venakides, Stephanos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The profile and energy of chiral skyrmions, found in magnetic materials with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, can be approximated by formulae obtained through asymptotic analysis in the limits of small and large skyrmion radius. Using fitting techniques, we modify these formulae so that their validity extends to almost the entire range of skyrmion radii. Such formulae are obtained for skyrmions that are stabilised in the presence of an external field or easy-axis anisotropy or a combination of these. We further study the effect of the magnetostatic field on the skyrmion profile. We compare the profile of magnetic bubbles, stabilized without the chiral Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction to that of a chiral skyrmion.
Cohomology and relative Rota-Baxter-Nijenhuis structures on LieYRep pairs
Creators: name: Zhao, Jia
name: Qiao, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 17B38, Secondary 17B60, 17A99

description: A LieYRep pair consists of a Lie-Yamaguti algebra and its representation. In this paper, we establish the cohomology theory of LieYRep pairs and characterize their linear deformations by the second cohomology group. Then we introduce the notion of relative Rota-Baxter-Nijenhuis structures on LieYRep pairs, investigate their properties, and prove that a relative Rota-Baxter-Nijenhuis structure gives rise to a pair of compatible relative Rota-Baxter operators under a certain condition. Finally, we show the equivalence between $r$-matrix-Nijenhuis structures and Rota-Baxter-Nijenhuis structures on Lie-Yamaguti algebras.
On the generalizability of machine-learning-assisted anisotropy mappings for predictive turbulence modelling
Creators: name: McConkey, Ryley
name: Yee, Eugene
name: Lien, Fue-Sang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several machine learning frameworks for augmenting turbulence closure models have been recently proposed. However, the generalizability of an augmented turbulence model remains an open question. We investigate this question by systematically varying the training and test sets of several models. An optimal three-term tensor basis expansion is used to develop a model-agnostic data-driven turbulence closure approximation. Then, hyperparameter optimization was performed for a random forest, a neural network, and an eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model. We recommend XGBoost for data-driven turbulence closure modelling owing to its low-tuning cost and good performance. We also find that machine learning models generalize well to new parametric variations of flows seen in the training dataset, but lack generalizability to new flow types. This generalizability gap suggests that machine learning methods are most suited for developing specialized models for a given flow type, a problem often encountered in industrial applications.
description: Article: 40 pages, 15 figures, supplemental (ancillary) file: 29 pages, 60 figures. Accepted in International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics
Multi-pomeron exchange model for $pp$ and $p\bar{p}$ collisions at ultra-high energy
Creators: name: Bodnia, Evgeniia
name: Derkach, Denis
name: Feofilov, Grigory
name: Kovalenko, Vladimir
name: Puchkov, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new variant of the effective pomeron exchange model is proposed for the description of the correlation, observed in $pp$ and $p\bar{p}$ collisions at center-of-mass energy from SPS to LHC, between mean transverse momentum and charged particles multiplicity. The model is based on the Regge-Gribov approach. Smooth logarithmic growth with the collision energy was established for the parameter k, the mean rapidity density of charged particles produced by a single string. It was obtained in the model by the fitting of the available experimental data on charged particles rapidity density in $pp$ and $p\bar{p}$ collisions. The main effect of the model, a gradual onset of string collectivity with the growth of collision energy, is accounted by a free parameter β that is responsible in an effective way for the string fusion phenomenon. Another free parameter, t, is used to define string tension. We extract parameters β and t from the available experimental results on -multiplicity correlation at nucleon collision energy $\sqrt{s}$ from 17 GeV to 7 TeV. Smooth dependence of both β and t on energy allows to make predictions for the correlation behavior at the collision energy of 14 TeV. The indications to the string interaction effects in high multiplicity events in $pp$ collisions at the LHC energies are also discussed.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, to appear in proc. QFTHEP'2013