cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the gravitomagnetic clock effect
Creators: name: Iorio, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To the first post-Newtonian order, if two test particles revolve in opposite directions about a massive, spinning body along two circular and equatorial orbits with the same radius, they take different times to return to the reference direction relative to which their motion is measured: it is the so-called gravitomagnetic clock effect. The satellite moving in the same sense of the rotation of the primary is slower, and experiences a retardation with respect to the case when the latter does not spin, while the one circling in the opposite sense of the rotation of the source is faster, and its orbital period is shorter than it would be in the static case. The resulting time difference due to the stationary gravitomagnetic field of the central spinning body is proportional to the angular momentum per unit mass of the latter through a numerical factor which so far has been found to be $4π$. A numerical integration of the equations of motion of a fictitious test particle moving along a circular path lying in the equatorial plane of a hypothetical rotating object by including the gravitomagnetic acceleration to the first post-Newtonian order shows that, actually, the gravitomagnetic corrections to the orbital periods are larger by a factor of $4$ in both the prograde and retrograde cases. Such an outcome, which makes the proportionality coefficient of the gravitomagnetic difference in the orbital periods of the two counter-revolving orbiters equal to $16π$, confirms an analytical calculation recently published in the literature by the present author.
description: LaTex2e, 17 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Figures of the counter-revolving particles replaced. Some other changes made
The Double Chooz Experiment
Creators: name: Kaplan, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is broad consensus in the worldwide physics community as to the need for a new reactor-neutrino experiment to measure or limit the neutrino mixing angle $θ_{13}$. The Double Chooz Experiment, planned for operation in the years 2008-2011, will search for values of $\sin^2{2θ_{13}}$ down to $\approx$0.03. This will be the first new information on $θ_{13}$ in over a decade and will cover most of the remaining parameter space. A quick and relatively inexpensive project is made possible by the existing neutrino laboratory at the Chooz site.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Proceedings of the Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Puerto Rico, May 30 - June 3, 2006
Monodromy of the Casimir connection of a symmetrisable Kac-Moody algebra
Creators: name: Appel, Andrea
name: Toledano-Laredo, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let g be a symmetrisable Kac-Moody algebra and V an integrable g-module in category O. We show that the monodromy of the (normally ordered) rational Casimir connection on V can be made equivariant with respect to the Weyl group W of g, and therefore defines an action of the braid group B_W of W on V. We then prove that this action is canonically equivalent to the quantum Weyl group action of B_W on a quantum deformation of V, that is an integrable, category O-module V_h over the quantum group U_h(g) such that V_h/hV_h is isomorphic to V. This extends a result of the second author which is valid for g semisimple.
description: Some details added. Minor revisions throughout. Published version. 107 pages
On Tensionless Strings in $3+1$ Dimensions
Creators: name: Hanany, Amihay
name: Klebanov, Igor R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue for the existence of phase transitions in $3+1$ dimensions associated with the appearance of tensionless strings. The massless spectrum of this theory does not contain a graviton: it consists of one $N=2$ vector multiplet and one linear multiplet, in agreement with the light-cone analysis of the Green-Schwarz string in $3+1$ dimensions. In M-theory the string decoupled from gravity arises when two 5-branes intersect over a three-dimensional hyperplane. The two 5-branes may be connected by a 2-brane, whose boundary becomes a tensionless string with $N=2$ supersymmetry in $3+1$ dimensions. Non-critical strings on the intersection may also come from dynamical 5-branes intersecting the two 5-branes over a string and wrapped over a four-torus. The near-extremal entropy of the intersecting 5-branes is explained by the non-critical strings originating from the wrapped 5-branes.
description: latex, 16 pages; version to appear in Nucl. Phys. B
การสร้างแบบประเมินตามสภาพจริงทักษะกีฬาเทควันโดสำหรับนักเรียน โรงเรียนเบญจมราชานุสรณ์
Creators: name: เต็มยศ แก้วเกมทอง
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยวลัยลักษณ์
Year: 2019
Subjects: แบบประเมินตามสภาพจริง
ทักษะกีฬาเทควันโด

description: วารสารนวัตกรรมการเรียนรู้ มหาวิทยาลัยวลัยลักษณ์, 5, 2, 1-26
Matrix approach to hypercomplex Appell polynomials
Creators: name: Aceto, Lidia
name: Malonek, Helmuth Robert
name: Tomaz, Graça
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F60, 30G35, 11B83

description: Recently the authors presented a matrix representation approach to real Appell polynomials essentially determined by a nilpotent matrix with natural number entries. It allows to consider a set of real Appell polynomials as solution of a suitable first order initial value problem. The paper aims to confirm that the unifying character of this approach can also be applied to the construction of homogeneous Appell polynomials that are solutions of a generalized Cauchy-Riemann system in Euclidean spaces of arbitrary dimension. The result contributes to the development of techniques for polynomial approximation and interpolation in non-commutative Hypercomplex Function Theories with Clifford algebras.
Logarithmic Operators and Dynamical Extention of The Symmetry Group in the Bosonic SU(2)_0 and SUSY SU(2)_2 WZNW Models
Creators: name: Caux, J. -S.
name: Kogan, I.
name: Lewis, A.
name: Tsvelik, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the operator product expansion in the bosonic $SU(2)_0$ and SUSY $SU(2)_2$ WZNW models. We find that these OPEs contain both logarithmic operators and new conserved currents, leading to an extension of the symmetry group.
description: 16 pages, Latex
Deep Echelle Spectrophotometry of S 311, a galactic H II Region Outside the Solar Circle
Creators: name: Garcia-Rojas, J.
name: Esteban, C.
name: Peimbert, A.
name: Peimbert, M.
name: Rodriguez, M.
name: Ruiz, M. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present echelle spectrophotometry of the Galactic H II region S 311. The data have been taken with the Very Large Telescope UVES echelle spectrograph in the 3100 to 10400 angstroms range. We have measured the intensities of 263 emission lines, 178 are permitted lines of H0, D0 (deuterium), He0, C0, C+, N0, N+, O0, O+, S+, Si0, Si+, Ar0 and Fe0; some of them are produced by recombination and others mainly by fluorescence. Physical conditions have been derived using different continuum and line intensity ratios. We have derived He+, C++ and O++ ionic abundances from pure recombination lines as well as abundances from collisionally excited lines for a large number of ions of different elements. We have obtained consistent estimations of t2 applying different methods. We have found that the temperature fluctuations paradigm is consistent with the t2(He I) vs. t2(H I) relation for H II regions, in contrast with what has been found for planetary nebulae. We report the detection of deuterium Balmer lines up to D6 in the blue wings of the hydrogen lines, which excitation mechanism seems to be continuum fluorescence.
description: 13 pages, 12 tables, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Topological Phase Transition in Layered XIn$_2$P$_2$ (X = Ca, Sr)
Creators: name: Wang, Zhenwei
name: Wang, Guangtao
name: Shi, Xianbiao
name: Wang, Dongyang
name: Tian, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on fully relativistic first-principles calculations, we studied the topological properties of layered XIn$_2$P$_2$ (X = Ca, Sr). Band inversion can be induced by strain without SOC, forming one nodal ring in the k$_z$ = 0 plane, which is protected by the coexistence of time-reversal and mirror-reflection symmetry. Including SOC, a substantial band gap is opened along the nodal line and the line-node semimetal would evolve into a topological insulator. These results reveal a category of materials showing quantum phase transition from trivial semiconductor and topologically nontrivial insulator by the tuneable elastic strain engineering. Our investigations provide a new perspective about the formation of topological line-node semimetal under stain.
Branes Intersecting at Angles
Creators: name: Berkooz, Micha
name: Douglas, Michael R.
name: Leigh, Robert G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that configurations of multiple D-branes related by SU(N) rotations will preserve unbroken supersymmetry. This includes cases in which two D-branes are related by a rotation of arbitrarily small angle, and we discuss some of the physics of this. In particular, we discuss a way of obtaining 4D chiral fermions on the intersection of D-branes. We also rephrase the condition for unbroken supersymmety as the condition that a `generalized holonomy group' associated with the brane configuration and manifold is reduced, and relate this condition (in Type IIA string theory) to a condition in eleven dimensions.
description: 17 pages, harvmac
Additional file 1: of Schistosomiasis in Zambia: a systematic review of past and present experiences
Creators: name: Kalinda, Chester
name: Chimbari, Moses
name: Mukaratirwa, Samson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Multilingual abstract in the five official working languages of the United Nations. (PDF 762Â kb)
Coastal Margin Reservoir Quality: Subsurface Analysis of the Late Cretaceous John Henry Member, Kaiparowits Plateau, Southern Utah
Creators: name: Johnson, Cory James
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Core and outcrop exposures of the late Cretaceous John Henry Member (JHM) of the Straight Cliffs Formation, located in the Kaiparowits Plateau of southern Utah, offer an excellent opportunity to evaluate reservoir quality of paralic deposits. Paralic deposits are inherently complex due to multiple active depositional processes which impact the reservoir quality on inter- and intra-geobody (depositional element) scales. Facies and rock property data from core and outcrop of the JHM provides insight into the impact of depositional processes on reservoir quality. Five cores from the JHM were described in this study. In these cores, three facies associations: FA-1: shoreface, FA-2: channelized deposits, and FA-3: marine influenced back-barrier and coastal plain were delineated. Porosity, permeability, and thin section analysis from 87 1-inch core plugs are combined with interpretations of inferred facies associations and depositional processes. Outcrop data are used to supplement core data and confirm subsurface interpretations. The results of this study show that middle-upper shoreface and fluvial channel deposits represent higher quality reservoir sandstone within the JHM. Middle-upper shoreface deposits have the most favorable geometric characteristics with thicknesses up to 24.1 m and lateral extents reaching 10s of kilometers. Fluvial channel deposits reach lateral extents of 100s of m and can amalgamate to reach thicknesses greater than 45 m. Tidal channel deposits have a comparable lateral extent but are generally less than 2 m thick, at times amalgamating to exceed 13 m. Rock property analyses show that middle-upper shoreface and fluvial channel deposits have higher average porosity of ∼ 27 % and average permeability values of 411.8 and 367.5 mD, respectively. Tidal deposits have lower reservoir qualities of an average porosity below 20 % and average permeability of 70.69 mD. The lower reservoir quality of these deposits is attributed to slackwater periods during which mud laminae are deposited and the relatively lower energy regime associated with a marine influenced back-barrier environment.
Beyond Amplitudes' Positivity and the Fate of Massive Gravity
Creators: name: Bellazzini, Brando
name: Riva, Francesco
name: Serra, Javi
name: Sgarlata, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We constrain effective field theories by going beyond the familiar positivity bounds that follow from unitarity, analyticity, and crossing symmetry of the scattering amplitudes. As interesting examples, we discuss the implications of the bounds for the Galileon and ghost-free massive gravity. The combination of our theoretical bounds with the experimental constraints on the graviton mass implies that the latter is either ruled out or unable to describe gravitational phenomena, let alone to consistently implement the Vainshtein mechanism, down to the relevant scales of fifth-force experiments, where general relativity has been successfully tested. We also show that the Galileon theory must contain symmetry-breaking terms that are at most one-loop suppressed compared to the symmetry-preserving ones. We comment as well on other interesting applications of our bounds.
description: 10 pages + 3 appendices and references, 4 figures; v2: bounds optimized, improved discussion, extended outlook, conclusion unchanged. Extra appendix and references added
Rational approximation to the fractional Laplacian operator in reaction-diffusion problems
Creators: name: Aceto, Lidia
name: Novati, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F60, 35R11, 65D32

description: This paper provides a new numerical strategy to solve fractional in space reaction-diffusion equations on bounded domains under homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions. Using the matrix transform method the fractional Laplacian operator is replaced by a matrix which, in general, is dense. The approach here presented is based on the approximation of this matrix by the product of two suitable banded matrices. This leads to a semi-linear initial value problem in which the matrices involved are sparse. Numerical results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed solution strategy.
Additional file 5 of Gene S-phase kinase associated protein 2 is a novel prognostic marker in human neoplasms
Creators: name: Li, Guo-Sheng
name: Huang, Tao
name: Zhou, Hua-Fu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 5. The potential association between transcription factor FOXM1 and SKP2 in pan-cancer. Panel A: Expression of FOXM1 was significantly upregulated in 15 human cancer types, as determined by Wilcoxon rank-sum test (multiple comparison test by false discovery rate, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001). Panel B: The mRNA expression levels of FOXM1 were positively correlated with those of SKP2 in 15 cancer types (Spearman correlation coefficients are indicated as numerical values). Panel C: ChIP-Seq binding peaks of FOXM1 were observed upstream of SKP2 transcriptional start sites
Microfabricated high-finesse optical cavity with open access and small volume
Creators: name: Trupke, M.
name: Hinds, E. A.
name: Eriksson, S.
name: Curtis, E. A.
name: Moktadir, Z.
name: Kukharenka, E.
name: Kraft, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel microfabricated optical cavity, which combines a very small mode volume with high finesse. In contrast to other micro-resonators, such as microspheres, the structure we have built gives atoms and molecules direct access to the high-intensity part of the field mode, enabling them to interact strongly with photons in the cavity for the purposes of detection and quantum-coherent manipulation. Light couples directly in and out of the resonator through an optical fibre, avoiding the need for sensitive coupling optics. This renders the cavity particularly attractive as a component of a lab-on-a-chip, and as a node in a quantum network.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
Inclusive D* Meson Cross Sections and D* Jet Correlations in Photoproduction at HERA
Creators: name: H1 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differential photoproduction cross sections are measured for events containing D* mesons. The data were taken with the H1 detector at the ep collider HERA and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 51.1 pb-1. The kinematic region covers small photon virtualities Q^2 < 0.01 GeV^2 and photon-proton centre-of-mass energies of 171 < W_gammap < 256 GeV. The details of the heavy quark production process are further investigated in events with one or two jets in addition to the D* meson. Differential cross sections for D* jet production are determined and the correlations between the D* meson and the jet(s) are studied. The results are compared with perturbative QCD predictions applying collinear- or kt -factorisation.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures, 8 tables, submitted to EPJ
Shift Aggregate Extract Networks
Creators: name: Orsini, Francesco
name: Baracchi, Daniele
name: Frasconi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce an architecture based on deep hierarchical decompositions to learn effective representations of large graphs. Our framework extends classic R-decompositions used in kernel methods, enabling nested part-of-part relations. Unlike recursive neural networks, which unroll a template on input graphs directly, we unroll a neural network template over the decomposition hierarchy, allowing us to deal with the high degree variability that typically characterize social network graphs. Deep hierarchical decompositions are also amenable to domain compression, a technique that reduces both space and time complexity by exploiting symmetries. We show empirically that our approach is able to outperform current state-of-the-art graph classification methods on large social network datasets, while at the same time being competitive on small chemobiological benchmark datasets.
Additional file 1: of Human antibodies activate complement against Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites, and are associated with protection against malaria in children
Creators: name: Liriye Kurtovic
name: Behet, Marije
name: Gaoqian Feng
name: Reiling, Linda
name: Kiprotich Chelimo
name: Dent, Arlene
name: Mueller, Ivo
name: Kazura, James
name: Sauerwein, Robert
name: Fowkes, Freya
name: Beeson, James
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary figures: Supporting data. (DOCX 1232Â kb)
Kinetics of the simplest Criegee intermediate reaction with ozone studied by mid-infrared quantum cascade laser spectrometer
Creators: name: Chang, Yuan-Pin
name: Chang, Hsun-Hui
name: Lin, Jim Jr-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinetics of CH$_2$OO reaction with ozone has been studied by monitoring CH$_2$OO with time-resolved infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopy, which utilized fast chirped IR pulse train from a quantum cascade laser [J. Chem. Phys. 146, 244302 (2017)]. CH$_2$OO was prepared by photolyzing a gas mixture of CH$_2$I$_2$/O$_2$/O$_3$ at 352 nm; the photolysis wavelength was chosen to minimize the photodissociation of O$_3$. The measured rate coefficient at 298 K and 30 Torr is (6.7$\pm$0.5)x10$^{-14}$ cm$^3$sec$^{-1}$, independent of pressure from 30 to 100 Torr. The result indicates that previous ab initio calculations either underestimated or overestimated this reaction rate by one order of magnitude or more. The result also implies that in laboratory studies of ozonolysis of alkenes, the reaction of Criegee intermediate with ozone may play a role. However, this reaction would not compete with other CH$_2$OO sinks in the atmosphere.
title: Alternative criteria for centralization of accounting subledger for financial products
Creators: name: Rakova, Viktoriia
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Blockchain architechture
subject: financial products
subject: central subledger
subject: finance transfromation

description: This thesis aimed to identify, categorize and evaluate the decision-making factors and approaches for the centralization of subledger for financial products utilized by financial service companies in Europe. The central research question was to find the common alternative decision-making criteria when it comes to the centralization of subledger for financial products. The master thesis based the research on qualitative methods, namely context analysis of data collected with a non-probability sampling strategy. In order to reach the aims of this master thesis, the data collected from various literature sources, including academic literature, interviews with industry experts, and IT software vendor websites was synthesized to build a general framework regarding alternative criteria for the centralization of subledger for financial products. The results indicate that there are two alternatives to the centralization of financial product subledger. The data suggests that in the financial area, multiple important criteria and aspects are influencing the decision to centralize the subledger for financial products. Using context analysis the criteria could be categorized into five thematic groups, namely strategic and economic factors, business and technical functionality, and vendor criteria. The data indicates that the strategic criteria group holds the highest importance and weight, where the financial institutions are mapping the strategic targets and goals of the company to the functionalities and capabilities of the subledger for financial products. The other criteria groups are commonly considered within the process of deciding about the centralization of financial subledger after the majority of strategic indicators are met. The criteria catalog created within the research and weighting of the importance of different factors for centralization of a subledger for financial products can be applied in practice by financial institutions in the form of guidance or a benchmark, supporting senior management decision referring to centralization of a subledger for financial products. Future research might be focused on other alternatives to the centralized subledger. The research can be also expanded with additional sampling and the implementation aspects of subledger for financial products in other regions like Asia, Africa, North and South America, and the Middle East. Their regional aspects might be further analyzed and discovered.
Chromosomal Inversions Facilitate the Accumulation of Divergence and Hybrid Incompatibilities Between Species
Creators: name: Leonard, Christopher
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolution & development

description: The chromosomal inversions of D. persimilis and D. pseudoobscura have deeply influenced our understanding of the evolutionary forces that shape natural variation, speciation, and selfish chromosome dynamics. Here, we perform a comprehensive reconstruction of the evolutionary histories of the chromosomal inversions in these species and provide a solution to the puzzling origins of the selfish Sex-Ratio chromosome in D. persimilis. We show that this Sex-Ratio chromosome directly descends from an ancestrally-arranged chromosome, suggesting that unsuppressed selfish chromosomes may remain polymorphic within populations for long periods of time. We further show that all fixed inversions between D. persimilis and D. pseudoobscura were segregating in the ancestral population long before speciation, and that the genes contributing to reproductive barriers must have evolved within them afterwards. We propose a new model for the role of chromosomal inversions in speciation and suggest that higher levels of divergence and an over-abundance of hybrid incompatibilities are emergent properties of ancestrally segregating inversions. Our findings force a reconsideration of the role of chromosomal inversions in speciation, not as a protector of existing hybrid incompatibility alleles, but as fertile ground for their formation.
Non-Gaussianity of Large-Scale Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies beyond Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Bartolo, N.
name: Matarrese, S.
name: Riotto, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the fully non-linear Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies on scales larger than the horizon at last-scattering in terms of only the curvature perturbation, providing a generalization of the linear Sachs-Wolfe effect at any order in perturbation theory. We show how to compute the n-point connected correlation functions of the large-scale CMB anisotropies for generic primordial seeds provided by standard slow-roll inflation as well as the curvaton and other scenarios for the generation of cosmological perturbations. As an application of our formalism, we compute the three- and four-point connected correlation functions whose detection in future CMB experiments might be used to assess the level of primordial non-Gaussianity, giving the theoretical predictions for the parameters of quadratic and cubic non-linearities f_NL and g_NL.
description: 24 pages, LaTeX file; Revised to match the final version accepted for publication on JCAP (some comments added in Sec.II and V)
Mechanics of collapsing cavitation bubbles
Creators: name: van Wijngaarden, Leen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A brief survey is given of the dynamical phenomena accompanying the collapse of cavitation bubbles. The discussion includes shock waves, microjets and the various ways in which collapsing bubbles produce damage.
Childhood Undernutrition within the Dry Zone of Myanamr: Does Geographic Location Influence Health Outcomes?
Creators: name: Davis, Andrea Nicole
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2019
Subjects: Southeast Asian studies
Geography
Nutrition

description: Food security is dependent on ecological conditions and alterations to local environments, including impacts from climate change. Myanmar is experiencing the second highest rate of extreme weather events in the world and a high level of food insecurity, which threatens the nutritional supply for its population, especially children. The primary purpose of this study is to understand environmental risk factors and develop a visualization tool that captures the spatial distribution of childhood undernutrition within the Dry Zone of Myanmar. Of particular interest is the first 1,000 days of development. This study uses geographic and spatial statistics methods to examine the association of child undernutrition and environmental risk factors in the study area. Results suggest a decrease in stunting and underweight with increased precipitation and increased cultivated land.
From N=2 strings to F&M theory
Creators: name: Ketov, Sergei V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Taking the N=2 strings as the starting point, we discuss the equivalent self-dual field theories and analyse their symmetry structure in 2+2 dimensions. Restoring the full `Lorentz' invariance in the target space necessarily leads to an extension of the N=2 string theory to a theory of 2+2 dimensional supermembranes propagating in 2+10 dimensional target space. The supermembrane requires maximal conformal supersymmetry in 2+2 dimensions, in the way advocated by Siegel. The corresponding self-dual N=4 Yang-Mills theory and the self-dual N=8 (gauged) supergravity in 2+2 dimensions thus appear to be naturally associated to the membrane theory, not a string. Since the same theory of membranes seems to represent the M-theory which is apparently underlying the all known N=1 string theories, the N=2 strings now appear on equal footing with the other string models as particular limits of the unique fundamental theory. Unlike the standard 10-dimensional superstrings, the N=2 strings seem to be much closer to a membrane description of F&M theory.
description: 9 pages, LaTeX, talk given at the International Workshop `Integrable Models and Strings', Garbsen, Germany, June 24--25, 1996
Explicit calculations with Eisenstein series
Creators: name: Young, Matthew P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We find explicit change-of-basis formulas between Eisenstein series attached to cusps, and newform Eisenstein series attached to pairs of primitive Dirichlet characters. As a consequence, we prove a Bruggeman-Kuznetsov formula for newforms of square-free level and trivial nebentypus. We also derive, in explicit form, the Fourier expansion, Hecke eigenvalues, Atkin-Lehner pseudo-eigenvalues, and other data associated to these Eisenstein series, with arbitrary integer weight, level, and nebentypus.
description: 37 pages. v2: implements some corrections and improvements to exposition
NMR analogues of the quantum Zeno effect
Creators: name: Xiao, Li
name: Jones, Jonathan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) demonstrations of the quantum Zeno effect, and discuss briefly how these are related to similar phenomena in more conventional NMR experiments.
description: 8 pages including 4 figures; intended as a possible answer to Malcolm Levitt's question at the 2005 Magnetic Resonanace GRC: "What is the NMR analogue of the quantum Zeno effect?". In press at Physics Letters A
A Logarithmic Conformal Field Theory Solution For Two Dimensional Magnetohydrodynamics In Presence of The Alf'ven Effect
Creators: name: Tabar, M. R. Rahimi
name: Rouhani, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When Alf`ven effect is peresent in magnetohydrodynamics one is naturally lead to consider conformal field theories, which have logarithmic terms in their correlation functions. We discuss the implications of such logarithmic terms and find a unique conformal field theory with centeral charge $c=-\frac{209}{7}$, within the border of the minimal series, which satisfies all the constraints. The energy espectrum is found to be \newline $E(k)\sim k^{-\frac{13}{7}} \log{k}$.
description: Latex, 9 pages
Extinction properties of the X-ray bright/optically faint afterglow of GRB 020405
Creators: name: Stratta, G.
name: Perna, R.
name: Lazzati, D.
name: Fiore, F.
name: Antonelli, L. A.
name: Conciatore, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an optical-to-X-ray spectral analysis of the afterglow of GRB 020405. The optical spectral energy distribution not corrected for the extragalactic extinction is significantly below the X-ray extrapolation of the single powerlaw spectral model suggested by multiwavelength studies. We investigate whether considerable extinction could explain the observed spectral ``mismatch'' by testing several types of extinction curves. For the first time we test extinction curves computed with time-dependent numerical simulations of dust grains destruction by the burst radiation. We find that an extinction law weakly depen dent on wavelength can reconcile the unabsorbed optical and X-ray data with the expected synchrotron spectrum. A gray extinction law can be provided by a dust grain size distribution biased toward large grains.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication on A&A
Growth exponents of the etching model in high dimensions
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Evandro A
name: Mello, Bernardo A
name: Oliveira, Fernando A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we generalize the etching model (Mello et al 2001 Phys. Rev. E 63 041113) to d + 1 dimensions. The dynamic exponents of this model are compatible with those of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class. We investigate the roughness dynamics with surfaces up to d=6. We show that the data from all substrate lengths and for all dimensions can be collapsed into one common curve. We determine the dynamic exponents as a function of the dimension. Moreover, our results suggest that d=4 is not an upper critical dimension for the etching model, and that it fulfills the Galilean invariance.
Magnetospheric Multi-Scale Observations of High-Energy Electrons and Protons in the Vicinity of Southern High-Altitude Cusp Boundaries
Creators: name: Nykyri, Katariina
name: Chu, Christina
name: Ma, Xuanye
name: Rice, Rachel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent Magnetosphere Multiscale (MMS) observations found 238 high energy (> 40 keV) electron "leaking" events in the the magnetosheath [Cohen et al., 2017]. While several sources have been proposed, the dominant mechanism or origin of these particles is not well understood. We have analyzed MMS locations during these these events and found that most of these electron leaking events were observed close to the southern high-altitude cusp and associated boundaries, so these events may have a high-latitude source. Here we present a new case study of observations of a MMS encounter of southern magnetospheric cusp boundaries. In the magnetosheath side of the southern cusp, MMS observes both parallel streaming energetic ions, as well as a population with 90 degree pitch angles. Subsequently, MMS detects plasma flows and magnetic field rotation consistent with magnetic reconnection (operating above and dawn-ward of the MMS spacecraft), finally entering a depressed magnetic field region with nearly stagnant flow. The depressed field region is occupied by high-fluxes of trapped high-energy electrons and protons, which resemble the Cluster observations of cusp diamagnetic cavities at the northern hemisphere [Nykyri et al., 2011a]. However, the local magnetic field geometry during the prevailing IMF orientation is not favorable for magnetic reconnection to directly create a cavity in this location. We show that the plasma flows that were observed prior to cavity observation satisfy the onset condition for the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability for 50 percent of all available k-vector directions.
description: To be submitted to Geophysical Research Letters
Big Weather Web: A Common and Sustainable Big Data Infrastructure in Support of Weather Prediction Research and Education in Universities
Creators: name: Maltzahn, Carlos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Computer Science
subject: Computer Software
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80302 Computer System Architecture
subject: Distributed Computing
subject: 80306 Open Software
subject: 80707 Organisation of Information and Knowledge Resources
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 80110 Simulation and Modelling
subject: Atmospheric Sciences
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: 2018 update lightening talk slide for the SI2 NSF Big Weather Web Project, bigweatherweb.org
Experimental Constraints on the Spin and Parity of the Lambda_c(2880)
Creators: name: Mizuk, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of several studies of the Lambda_c+pi+pi-X final state in continuum e+e- annihilation data collected by the Belle detector. An analysis of angular distributions in Lambda_c(2880)->Sigma_c(2455)pi decays strongly favors a Lambda_c(2880) spin assignment of 5/2 over 3/2 or 1/2. We find evidence for Lambda_c(2880)->Sigma_c(2520)pi decay and measure the ratio of Lambda_c(2880) partial widths Gamma[Sigma_c(2520)pi]/Gamma[Sigma_c(2455)pi]=0.225+-0.062+-0.025. This value favors the Lambda_c(2880) spin-parity assignment of 5/2+ over 5/2-. We also report the first observation of Lambda_c(2940)->Sigma_c(2455)pi decay and measure Lambda_c(2880) and Lambda_c(2940) parameters. These studies are based on a 553/fb data sample collected at or near the Upsilon(4S) resonance, at the KEKB collider.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures; submitted to PRL
Suppression of quantum noises in coherent atom lithography through squeezing
Creators: name: Zhang, Anqi
name: Liao, Zeyang
name: Chen, Rongxin
name: Wang, Da-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Abbe's diffraction limit restricts the resolution of an optical imaging and lithography system. Coherent Rabi oscillation is shown to be able to overcome the diffraction limit in both optical and atom lithography. In previous studies, semiclassical theory is applied where the driving field is treated as a classical light and quantum fluctuation is neglected. Here, we show that the quantum fluctuation may reduce the visibility of the superresolution pattern. However, by squeezing the photon number fluctuation we are able to significantly increase its visibility.
Entanglement between Collective Operators in a Linear Harmonic Chain
Creators: name: Kofler, Johannes
name: Vedral, Vlatko
name: Kim, Myungshik S.
name: Brukner, Caslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate entanglement between collective operators of two blocks of oscillators in an infinite linear harmonic chain. These operators are defined as averages over local operators (individual oscillators) in the blocks. On the one hand, this approach of "physical blocks" meets realistic experimental conditions, where measurement apparatuses do not interact with single oscillators but rather with a whole bunch of them, i.e., where in contrast to usually studied "mathematical blocks" not every possible measurement is allowed. On the other, this formalism naturally allows the generalization to blocks which may consist of several non-contiguous regions. We quantify entanglement between the collective operators by a measure based on the Peres-Horodecki criterion and show how it can be extracted and transferred to two qubits. Entanglement between two blocks is found even in the case where none of the oscillators from one block is entangled with an oscillator from the other, showing genuine bipartite entanglement between collective operators. Allowing the blocks to consist of a periodic sequence of subblocks, we verify that entanglement scales at most with the total boundary region. We also apply the approach of collective operators to scalar quantum field theory.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, significantly revised version with new results, journal reference added
Chemical reactions of some non-aromatic radical anions.
Creators: name: Myers, Drewfus Young Jr.
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2019
Subjects: Radicals (Chemistry)

description: The chemical behavior of some nonaromatic radical anions was investigated by optimizing their lifetimes using inverse metalammonia reduction techniques. By varying reaction conditions such as substrate concentration, proton source, reaction temperature, counter ion, and solvent it was possible to show that the radical anion of 1,3-cyclohexadiene can undergo the same reactions observed for the more stable aromatic radical anions, in addition to the normally observed reduction to cyclohexene. The identification of a minor product from the inverse sodiumamonia reduction of 1,3-cyclohexadiene, lead to the discovery that, under proper conditions, nonaromatic radicals and anions could undergo a coupling reaction, presumably via an intermediate radical anion. A series of experiments was run using various saturated and unsaturated radicals and anions to determine the scope of the reaction. Results indicated that either the radical or the anion must have a site of unsaturation sufficiently close to the incipient bond as to impart some stability to the intermediate radical anion. A study of the reduction of nortricyclanone under various conditions showed that the cyclopropyl ring opening occurs via the radical anion. Conditions which maximized the lifetime of the radical anion produced almost complete ring opened products, while conditions which minimized the lifetime resulted in little or no ring opening. A study of the Birch reduction products of [2.2Jparacyclophane showed that two products were formed. The major product was identified as the tetrahydroparacyclophane, and was assigned the structure based upon its ultraviolet and 13C NMR spectra, and some chemical reactions. The minor product was identifed as the dihydroparacyclophane. Some compounds which possessed nonconjugated, but spacially close, sites of unsaturation were studied electrochemically and chemically to determine the effectiveness of homoconjugation in promoting reduction by electron addition. The results for each compound were compared to those for the saturated analogue.
MOESM1 of Prognostic value of adiponectin level in patients with coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Yang, Lili
name: Li, Bin
name: Zhao, Yuan
name: Zhang, Zhengyi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Search strategy developed for the meta-analysis.
PBH abundance from random Gaussian curvature perturbations and a local density threshold
Creators: name: Yoo, Chul-Moon
name: Harada, Tomohiro
name: Garriga, Jaume
name: Kohri, Kazunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production rate of primordial black holes is often calculated by considering a nearly Gaussian distribution of cosmological perturbations, and assuming that black holes will form in regions where the amplitude of such perturbations exceeds a certain threshold. A threshold $ζ_{\rm th}$ for the curvature perturbation is somewhat inappropriate for this purpose, because it depends significantly on environmental effects, not essential to the local dynamics. By contrast, a threshold $δ_{\rm th}$ for the density perturbation at horizon crossing seems to provide a more robust criterion. On the other hand, the density perturbation is known to be bounded above by a maximum limit $δ_{\rm max}$, and given that $δ_{\rm th}$ is comparable to $δ_{\rm max}$, the density perturbation will be far from Gaussian near or above the threshold. In this paper, we provide a new plausible estimate for the primordial black hole abundance based on peak theory. In our approach, we assume that the curvature perturbation is given as a random Gaussian field with the power spectrum characterized by a single scale, while an optimized criterion for PBH formation is imposed, based on the locally averaged density perturbation. Both variables are related by the full nonlinear expression derived in the long-wavelength approximation of general relativity. We do not introduce a window function, and the scale of the inhomogeneity is introduced as a random variable in the peak theory. We find that the mass spectrum is shifted to larger mass scales by one order of magnitude or so, compared to a conventional calculation. The abundance of PBHs becomes significantly larger than the conventional one, by many orders of magnitude, mainly due to the optimized criterion for PBH formation and the removal of the suppresion associated with a window function.
description: 31 pages, 11 figures, significant modification from the first version, comments on the effect of critical behavior and related refs are added, errata are reflected
Generalized string compactifications with spontaneously broken supersymmetry
Creators: name: Nilles, Hans-Peter
name: Spalinski, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Narain lattice construction of string compactifications is generalized to include spontaneously broken supersymmetry. Consistency conditions from modular invariance and Lorentz symmetry are solved in full generality. This framework incorporates models where supersymmetry breaking is inversely proportional to the radii of compact dimensions. The enhanced lattice description, however, might allow for models with a different geometrical or even non-geometrical interpretation.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX, no figures