cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Light Z' Heterotic-String Derived Model
Creators: name: Faraggi, Alon E.
name: Rizos, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of an extra Z' inspired from heterotic-string theory at accessible energy scales attracted considerable interest in the particle physics literature. Surprisingly, however, the construction of heterotic--string derived models that allow for an extra Z' to remain unbroken down to low scales has proven to be very difficult. The main reason being that the U(1) symmetries that are typically discussed in the literature are either anomalous or have to be broken at a high scale to generate light neutrino masses. In this paper we use for that purpose the self duality property under the spinor vector duality, which was discovered in free fermionic heterotic-string models. The chiral massless states in the self--dual models fill complete 27 representations of E6. The anomaly free gauge symmetry in the effective low energy field theory of our string model is $SU(4)_C\times SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_R\times U(1)_ζ$, where $U(1)_ζ$ is the family universal $U(1)$ symmetry that descends from E6, and is typically anomalous in other free fermionic heterotic-string models. Our model therefore allows for the existence of a low scale Z', which is a combination of $B-L$, $T_{3_L}$ and $T_{3_R}$. The string model is free of exotic fractionally charged states in the massless spectrum. It contains exotic SO(10) singlet states that carry fractional, non--E6 charge, with respect to $U(1)_ζ$. These non-E6 states arise in the string model due to the breaking of the E6 symmetry by discrete Wilson lines. They represent a distinct signature of the string vacua and cannot arise in E6 Grand Unified Theories. They may provide viable dark matter candidates.
description: 18 pages. Standard LaTeX. 3 tables
Fat Bodies Made Small: A Content Analysis of Fat Literature Classed in Medicine
Creators: name: Lott, Kaye Marie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cataloging
Subject headings, Library of Congress
Classification, Library of Congress

description: This study is a content analysis of print materials about fatness classed in Medicine according to the Library of Congress Subject Headings and Classification. Research about the marginalizing power of information systems has centered around gender identity, sexuality, race, non-dominant cultures, and disability, while fat bodies have been largely overlooked. Previous literature on information organization principles, critical cataloging, and fat stigma are reviewed. A qualitative content analysis of fatness in print materials across four class numbers shelved in Davis Library at the University of North Carolina follows. Titles, tables of contents, introductory material, and cover images and summaries are coded for problem and blame frames, attitude, and class. This study brings awareness to the stigmatization of fat bodies by information organization standards and shows the need for new subject headings and class numbers for fat materials.
IPBES invasive alien species assessment, data management report for Chapter 3. Section 3.3.4.4: Carbon dioxide enrichment in air and water
Creators: name: Pergl, Jan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Data management report

description: Section 3.3.4.4 assesses the role of carbon dioxide enrichment in air and water as a driver of biological invasions. The experts conducted a systematic review to report on the existing knowledge on this driver. This systematic review consists in the main source of evidence for the section.
Burgerschap in het montessorionderwijs: Terugkoppeling NMV 24-uursconferentie
Creators: name: de Brouwer, Jaap
name: Klaver, Lida
Publisher: name: Saxion
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Educational sciences
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: Citizenship
subject: Montessori

description: Op 24 maart 2024 was de 24-uurs conferentie van de Nederlandse Montessori Vereniging (NMV), waar wij (Jaap de Brouwer en Lida Klaver) een werksessie over burgerschapsonderwijs verzorgden. De NMV organiseert jaarlijks een 24-uursconferentie. Deze is bedoeld om directeuren van montessorischolen met elkaar in contact te brengen en samen te verdiepen op een onderwerp. In 2024 stond burgerschap centraal. Tijdens de werksessie met Jaap de Brouwer en Lida Klaver hebben de deelnemers met elkaar nagedacht over burgerschapsonderwijs in montessorionderwijs aan de hand van twee opdrachten. De eerste opdracht ging over activiteiten passend bij burgerschap in het montessorionderwijs. De tweede activiteit was een waardevol gesprek over burgerschapsonderwijs. Tijdens deze twee activiteiten hebben wij data verzameld om daarmee meer zicht te krijgen op burgerschapsonderwijs in montessorischolen.In deze publicatie leggen we uit hoe de data verzameld is, hoe we deze hebben geanalyseerd en wat de resultaten zijn. In de kaders zijn enkele door de deelnemers beschreven activiteiten weergegeven die zij goed vonden passen in het montessorionderwijs.
Organizing Apples: A Qualitative Content Analysis of Pomological Descriptive Metadata
Creators: name: Melton, Thomas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: Agricultural literature
Content analysis (Communication)
Metadata

description: The apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) has maintained a position of significant historical and cultural importance across several eras in the United States. Because apples only maintain their genetics through human cultivation, their fruit is generally categorized and organized as cultivars which have differentiated themselves from the rest of the species over generations of selective breeding. Experts and amateurs alike have written and systematized descriptions of apple cultivars for various purposes but attempts to standardize organization of the resulting metadata have been infrequent and lack utility across multiple contexts. This paper will assess the descriptive schemas of six pomological description resources ranging from the late 19th century to the present day through qualitative content analysis and metadata crosswalking. The resulting attribute set will then be compared with an existing descriptive schema for plant breeders, the UPOV Convention, with an eye towards exploring the viability of a more universal system for organizing descriptive metadata for physical descriptions of apples.
A large deviations principle for the Maki-Thompson rumour model
Creators: name: Lebensztayn, Elcio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F10, 60J27 (Primary), 60K30 (Secondary)

description: We consider the stochastic model for the propagation of a rumour within a population which was formulated by Maki and Thompson. Sudbury established that, as the population size tends to infinity, the proportion of the population never hearing the rumour converges in probability to $0.2032$. Watson later derived the asymptotic normality of a suitably scaled version of this proportion. We prove a corresponding large deviations principle, with an explicit formula for the rate function.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures
Association of the platelet GPIIb/IIIa polymorphism with atherosclerotic plaque morphology. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Creators: name: Boerwinkle, Eric
name: Campbell, Stephen
name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Monda, Keri L.
name: Bradshaw, Patrick T.
name: Wagenknecht, Lynne E.
name: Kucharska-Newton, Anna M.
name: Wasserman, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Platelet activation and aggregation play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. We examined the association of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the GPIIIa platelet glycoprotein (Leu33Pro) with carotid artery plaque morphology and with expression of platelet markers using data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Carotid MRI study.
title: Pharmakokinetik von Phenylbutazon, Indometazin und 14C-Aminopyrin bei Rheumakranken: Bioverfügbarkeit und Interaktionen bei Kombinationstherapie
Creators: name: Reinicke, Claus
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Pharmakologie
subject: Pharmakokinetik
subject: Phenylbutazon
subject: Rheumatismus
subject: 610

description: Die vorliegenden Untersuchungen wurden mit dem Ziel durchgeführt, die pharmakokinetischen Grundlagen für bestimmte Applikationsformen, Dosierungen und therapeutische Kombinationen von Phenylbutazon und Indometazin für die praktische Therapie zu erarbeiten. Durch eine kritische Überprüfung empirischer Anwendungsarten und Behandlungsschemata sollen sie einen Beitrag zur weiteren Optimierung der antirheumatischen Pharmakotherapie leisten.
Existence of mark functions in marked metric measure spaces
Creators: name: Kliem, Sandra
name: Löhr, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35 (Primary), 60J25, 60G17, 60G57 (Secondary)

description: We give criteria on the existence of a so-called mark function in the context of marked metric measure spaces (mmm-spaces). If an mmm-space admits a mark function, we call it functionally-marked metric measure space (fmm-space). This is not a closed property in the usual marked Gromov-weak topology, and thus we put particular emphasis on the question under which conditions it carries over to a limit. We obtain criteria for deterministic mmm-spaces as well as random mmm-spaces and mmm-space-valued processes. As an example, our criteria are applied to prove that the tree-valued Fleming-Viot dynamics with mutation and selection from [Depperschmidt, Greven, Pfaffelhuber, Ann. Appl. Probab. '12] admits a mark function at all times, almost surely. Thereby, we fill a gap in a former proof of this fact, which used a wrong criterion. Furthermore, the subspace of fmm-spaces, which is dense and not closed, is investigated in detail. We show that there exists a metric that induces the marked Gromov-weak topology on this subspace and is complete. Therefore, the space of fmm-spaces is a Polish space. We also construct a decomposition into closed sets which are related to the case of uniformly equicontinuous mark functions.
description: 22 pages. Journal version, only minor changes
Impact of body mass index levels on lipid abnormalities in Chinese Asians, American Blacks and American Whites: The People's Republic of China (PRC) and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Studies
Creators: name: Stevens, June
name: Cai, Jianwen
name: Truesdale, Kimberly P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Several researchers have reported that Chinese adults may have a greater chronic disease burden than Whites, especially at lower body mass index (BMI) levels.
Positive Unlabelled Learning to discover hybrid pulsating stars in the TESS catalogue
Creators: name: Kliapets, Mykyta
name: Huijse, Pablo
name: Tkachenko, Andrew
name: Aerts, Conny
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Existence of stellar pulsations allows to use asteroseismology to learn about the interiors of stars that otherwise could not be discovered with classic observational methods. Hybrid pulsating stars that exhibit both pressure and gravity modes are of utmost astrophysical interest owing to the fact that joint interpretation of p and g modes in these stars tells us about their interior physics across the entire mass coordinate. Hybrid pulsators amongst OBAF-type stars are relatively rare. Automatic detection of rare stars in large astronomical surveys faces significant challenges of manual labelling for supervised and low interpretability for unsupervised machine learning methods. In this study, we propose Positive Unlabelled (PU) Learning as a semi-supervised learning setting for the identification of hybrid pulsators, which are crucial from the perspective of stellar structure and evolution studies. We work with QLP light curves, from which we remove instrumental noise and extract astrophysical frequencies. Next, we use PU-bagging to train an ensemble of decision trees (DTs). Each DT is trained using the entire positive and a bootstrapped sample of unlabelled light curves from a single TESS sector. New positive candidates are found by selecting the unlabelled instances with the highest average out-of-bag scores. We validate the model by injecting the unlabelled set with known labelled non-hybrids and establish a probabilistic threshold on the final probability distribution.
Polymorphisms in the ICAM1 gene predict circulating soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(sICAM-1)
Creators: name: Lange, Leslie A.
name: Thyagarajan, Bharat
name: Jacobs, David R.
name: Carlson, Chris
name: Nickerson, Deborah
name: Reiner, Alex P.
name: Bailey, Kent R.
name: Boerwinkle, Eric A.
name: Gross, Myron D.
name: Bielinski, Suzette J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Polymorphisms within the ICAM1 structural gene have been shown to influence circulating levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule -1 (sICAM-1) but their relation to atherosclerosis has not been clearly established. We sought to determine whether ICAM1 SNPs are associated with circulating sICAM-1 concentration, coronary artery calcium (CAC), and common and internal carotid intima medial thickness (IMT).
Gestational Phthalate Exposure and Preschool Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Norway
Creators: name: Overgaard, K.
name: Hoppin, J.A.
name: Aase, H.
name: Sakhi, A.K.
name: Zeiner, P.
name: Villanger, G.D.
name: Drover, S.S.M.
name: Reichborn-Kjennerud, T.
name: Herring, A.H.
name: Knudsen, G.P.
name: Thomsen, C.
name: Nethery, R.C.
name: Engel, S.M.
name: Kamai, E.M.
Publisher: name: Wolters Kluwer Health
Year: 2021

description: Prenatal phthalate exposure has been linked to altered neurobehavioral development in both animal models and epidemiologic studies, but whether or not these associations translate to increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders is unclear. We used a nested case-cohort study design to assess whether maternal urinary concentrations of 12 phthalate metabolites at 17 weeks gestation were associated with criteria for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) classified among 3-year-old children in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Between 2007 and 2011, 260 children in this substudy were classified with ADHD using a standardized, on-site clinical assessment; they were compared with 549 population-based controls. We modeled phthalate levels both linearly and by quintiles in logistic regression models adjusted for relevant covariates and tested for interaction by child sex. Children of mothers in the highest quintile of di-iso-nonyl phthalate (∑DiNP) metabolite levels had 1.70 times the odds of being classified with ADHD compared with those in the lowest quintile (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03 to 2.82). In linear models, there was a trend with the sum of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate metabolites (∑DEHP); each natural log-unit increase in concentration was associated with 1.22 times the odds of ADHD (95% CI = 0.99 to 1.52). In boys, but not girls, mono-n-butyl phthalate exposure was associated with increased odds of ADHD (odds ratio [OR] 1.42; 95% CI = 1.07 to 1.88). Additional adjustment for correlated phthalate metabolites attenuated estimates. These results suggest gestational phthalate exposure may impact the behavior of children as young as 3 years.
title: Risikoneutrale Bewertung unter rauer Volatilität
Creators: name: Heiland, Benedikt
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Stochastik
subject: Finanzmathematik
subject: Volatilität
subject: Gebrochene Brownsche Bewegung
subject: 330
subject: 510

description: Historische und aktuelle Marktdaten lassen darauf schließen, dass die klassische Annahme einer konstanten Volatilität für die meisten Assets zu stark vereinfachend ist. Stattdessen scheint auch die Volatilität selbst ein stochastischer Prozess zu sein. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird anhand von zwei Datensätzen gezeigt, dass sich der Volatilitätsprozess sehr gut mit Hilfe einer fraktalen Brownschen Bewegung modellieren lässt. Für ein besseres Verständnis wird zunächst die fraktale Brownsche Bewegung formal eingeführt und genauer untersucht. Weiterhin wird gezeigt, wie sich der Volatilitätsprozess eines Assets mit Hilfe der realisierten Volatilität auf Basis von hochfrequenten Marktdaten schätzen lässt. In einem letzten Abschnitt wird untersucht, wie es sich auf die risikoneutrale Bewertung von Derivaten auswirkt, wenn die Volatilität mit Hilfe einer fraktalen Brownschen Bewegung modelliert wird und eine Methode zur schnelleren Kalibrierung des Modells mit Hilfe von künstlichen neuronalen Netzen grob skizziert.
Meta-analysis of ratios of sample variances
Creators: name: Prendergast, Luke A.
name: Staudte, Robert G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62F03

description: When conducting a meta-analysis of standardized mean differences (SMDs), it is common to assume equal variances in the two arms of each study. This leads to Cohen's $d$ estimates for which interpretation is simple. However, this simplicity should not be used as a justification for the assumption of equal variances in situations where evidence may suggest that it is incorrect. Until now, researchers have either used an $F$-test for each individual study as a justification for the equality of variances or perhaps even conveniently ignored such tools altogether. In this paper we propose using a meta-analysis of F-test statistics to estimate the ratio of variances prior to the combination of SMD's. This procedure allows some studies to be included that might otherwise be omitted by individual fixed level tests for unequal variances, sometimes occur even when the assumption of equal variances holds. The estimated ratio of variances, as well as associated confidence intervals, can be used as guidance as to whether the assumption of equal variances is violated. The estimators considered include variance stabilization transformations (VST) of the $F$-test statistics as well as MLE estimators. The VST approaches enable the use of QQ-plots to visually inspect for violations of equal variances while the MLE estimator easily allows for the introduction of a random effect. When there is evidence of unequal variances, this work provides a means to formally justify the use of less common methods such as log ratio of means when studies are measured on a different scale.
Relation of cholesterol and lipoprotein parameters with carotid artery plaque characteristics: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) carotid MRI study
Creators: name: Pompeii, Lisa A.
name: Sharrett, A. Richey
name: Mosley, Thomas H.
name: Nambi, Vijay
name: Ballantyne, Christie M.
name: Boerwinkle, Eric
name: Coresh, Josef
name: Virani, Salim S.
name: Otvos, James D.
name: Hoogeveen, Ron C.
name: Wasserman, Bruce A.
name: Catellier, Diane J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: There is a paucity of data regarding relations of apolipoproteins (apolipoprotein B [ApoB] and apolipoprotein A-1 [Apo A-1]), lipoprotein particle measures (low-density lipoprotein particle concentration [LDLp] and high-density lipoprotein particle concentration [HDLp]), and lipoprotein cholesterol measures (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [non– HDL-C], and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C]) with atherosclerotic plaque burden, plaque eccentricity, and lipid-rich core presence as a marker of high-risk plaques.
Uniform framework for the recurrence-network analysis of chaotic time series
Creators: name: Jacob, Rinku
name: Harikrishnan, K. P.
name: Misra, R.
name: Ambika, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a general method for the construction and analysis of unweighted $ε$ - recurrence networks from chaotic time series. The selection of the critical threshold $ε_c$ in our scheme is done empirically and we show that its value is closely linked to the embedding dimension $M$. In fact, we are able to identify a small critical range $Δε$ numerically that is approximately the same for the random and several standard chaotic time series for a fixed $M$. This provides us a uniform framework for the non subjective comparison of the statistical measures of the recurrence networks constructed from various chaotic attractors. We explicitly show that the degree distribution of the recurrence network constructed by our scheme is characteristic to the structure of the attractor and display statistical scale invariance with respect to increase in the number of nodes $N$. We also present two practical applications of the scheme, detection of transition between two dynamical regimes in a time delayed system and identification of the dimensionality of the underlying system from real world data with limited number of points, through recurrence network measures. The merits, limitations and the potential applications of the proposed method have also been highlighted.
description: 26 pages, 18 figures
Interference Mitigation In Wireless Mesh Networks Through Radio Co-location Aware Conflict Graphs
Creators: name: Kala, Srikant Manas
name: Reddy, M. Pavan Kumar
name: Musham, Ranadheer
name: Tamma, Bheemarjuna Reddy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) have evolved into a wireless communication technology of immense interest. But technological advancements in WMNs have inadvertently spawned a plethora of network performance bottlenecks, caused primarily by the rise in prevalent interference. Conflict Graphs are indispensable tools used to theoretically represent and estimate the interference in wireless networks. We propose a generic algorithm to generate conflict graphs which is independent of the underlying interference model. Further, we propose the notion of radio co-location interference, which is caused and experienced by spatially co-located radios in multi-radio multi-channel (MRMC) WMNs. We experimentally validate the concept, and propose a new all-encompassing algorithm to create a radio co-location aware conflict graph. Our novel conflict graph generation algorithm is demonstrated to be significantly superior and more efficient than the conventional approach, through theoretical interference estimates and comprehensive experiments. The results of an extensive set of ns-3 simulations run on the IEEE 802.11g platform strongly indicate that the radio co-location aware conflict graphs are a marked improvement over their conventional counterparts. We also question the use of total interference degree as a reliable metric to predict the performance of a Channel Assignment scheme in a given WMN deployment.
description: The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11276-015-1002-4
Hydrachna conjecta Koenike 1895
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Hydrachnidae
Hydrachna
Hydrachna conjecta

description: Hydrachna conjecta Koenike, 1895
Records from the study area: Kashmir—Lundblad (1934); Prasad (1974).
Habitat: Ponds.
Distribution: Palaearctic, India.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 4, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
IPBES Invasive alien species assessment, data management report for Chapter 3. Section 3.3.4.3: Climate extremes
Creators: name: Koyama, Asuka
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Data management report

description: Section 3.3.4.3 assesses the role of extreme events as drivers of biological invasions in Chapter 3 of IPBES thematic assessment of invasive alien species and their control. The experts conducted a systematic review to report on the existing knowledge on this driver. This systematic review consists in the main source of evidence for the section.
Strengthening Causal Inference in Exposomics Research: Application of Genetic Data and Methods
Creators: name: Howard, A.G.
name: Gordon-Larsen, P.
name: Lilly, A.G.
name: Lu, K.
name: Downie, C.G.
name: Avery, C.L.
name: Buchanan, V.L.
name: Ballou, A.F.
name: Highland, H.M.
name: Rager, J.E.
name: Lee, M.P.
name: North, K.E.
name: Staley, B.S.
name: Graff, M.
name: Engel, S.M.
name: Collins, J.M.
Publisher: name: Public Health Services, US Dept of Health and Human Services
Year: 2022

description: Advances in technologies to measure a broad set of exposures have led to a range of exposome research efforts. Yet, these efforts have insufficiently integrated methods that incorporate genetic data to strengthen causal inference, despite evidence that many exposome-associated phenotypes are heritable. OBJECTIVE: We demonstrate how integration of methods and study designs that incorporate genetic data can strengthen causal inference in exposomics research by helping address six challenges: reverse causation and unmeasured confounding, comprehensive examination of phenotypic effects, low efficiency, replication, multilevel data integration, and characterization of tissue-specific effects. Examples are drawn from studies of biomarkers and health behaviors, exposure domains where the causal inference methods we describe are most often applied. DISCUSSION: Technological, computational, and statistical advances in genotyping, imputation, and analysis, combined with broad data sharing and cross-study collaborations, offer multiple opportunities to strengthen causal inference in exposomics research. Full application of these opportunities will require an expanded understanding of genetic variants that predict exposome phenotypes as well as an appreciation that the utility of genetic variants for causal inference will vary by exposure and may depend on large sample sizes. However, several of these challenges can be addressed through international scientific collaborations that prioritize data sharing. Ultimately, we anticipate that efforts to better integrate methods that incorporate genetic data will extend the reach of exposomics research by helping address the challenges of comprehensively measuring the exposome and its health effects across studies, the life course, and in varied contexts and diverse populations.
Evaluation of cytochrome P450-derived eicosanoids in humans with stable atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Creators: name: Edin, Matthew L.
name: Schuck, Robert N.
name: Poloyac, Samuel M.
name: Theken, Katherine N.
name: Lee, Craig R.
name: Bass, Almasa
name: Lih, Fred B.
name: Tran, Bryant
name: Zeldin, Darryl C.
name: Stouffer, George A.
name: Tomer, Kenneth B.
name: Ellis, Kyle
name: Wu, Michael C.
name: Hinderliter, Alan L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Preclinical and genetic epidemiologic studies suggest that modulating cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated arachidonic acid metabolism may have therapeutic utility in the management of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, predictors of inter-individual variation in CYP-derived eicosanoid metabolites in CAD patients have not been evaluated to date. Therefore, the primary objective was to identify clinical factors that influence CYP epoxygenase, soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), and CYP ω-hydroxylase metabolism in patients with established CAD.
Genetic determinants of the ankle-brachial index: A meta-analysis of a cardiovascular candidate gene 50K SNP panel in the candidate gene association resource (CARe) consortium
Creators: name: Meisinger, Christa
name: Ferguson, Jane F.
name: Redline, Susan
name: Wassel, Christina L.
name: Cupples, L. Adrienne
name: Papanicolaou, George J.
name: Gibson, Quince
name: Nambi, Vijay
name: Hwang, Shih-Jen
name: Kaplan, Robert C.
name: Crawford, Dana C.
name: van der Harst, Pim
name: Li, Mingyao
name: Eraso, Luis H.
name: Lamina, Claudia
name: Franceschini, Nora
name: Mukamal, Kenneth J.
name: Yanek, Lisa R.
name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Mehra, Reena
name: Coassin, Stefan
name: Boerwinkle, Eric
name: Taylor, Herman A.
name: Ganesh, Santhi K.
name: O’Connell, Jeffrey R.
name: Jacobs, David R.
name: Allison, Matthew A.
name: Waite, Lindsay L.
name: Rotter, Jerome I.
name: McDermott, Mary M.
name: Haun, Margot
name: Criqui, Michael H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Candidate gene association studies for peripheral artery disease (PAD), including subclinical disease assessed with the ankle-brachial index (ABI), have been limited by the modest number of genes examined. We conducted a two stage meta-analysis of ~50,000 SNPs across ~2100 candidate genes to identify genetic variants for ABI.
Clustering Longitudinal Blood Pressure Trajectories to Examine Heterogeneity in Outcomes among Preeclampsia Cases and Controls
Creators: name: Harmon, Q.E.
name: Magnus, P.
name: Klungsøyr, K.
name: Engel, S.M.
name: Bauer, A.E.
name: Roell, K.R.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2021

description: Preeclampsia is a heterogeneous disease characterized by new onset of hypertension along with signs of organ damage, affects 2% to 8% of pregnancies, and can result in serious complications to the mother and her child. There is little empirical evidence on the clinical importance of differences in blood pressure trajectories over the course of pregnancy, particularly in pregnancies affected by preeclampsia. We undertook an investigation of longitudinal changes in gestational blood pressure in a nested case-control study of preeclampsia in MoBa (Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study). We included 1906 validated preeclampsia cases and 1413 validated controls. We derived blood pressure trajectory clusters using longitudinal k-means clustering and examined demographic and early-pregnancy predictors and birth outcomes, in relation to clusters. Maternal age, prepregnancy body mass index, and parity were substantially different across blood pressure clusters of cases. Pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth, small for gestational age, and birthweight Z score, were meaningfully worse for individuals with a more rapid increase in blood pressure, as well as for individuals with a high starting blood pressure. For example, risk of preterm birth was 11-fold to 35-fold higher for steep and high trajectory clusters, and risk of small for gestational age was 2-fold higher compared with the reference cluster. Future studies may leverage these trajectories to differentiate preeclampsia cases in relation to circulating biomarkers, which may help in the development of preeclampsia prediction tools.
Solitary electromechanical pulses in Lobster neurons
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Perez, Alfredo
name: Mosgaard, Lars D.
name: Budvytyte, Rima
name: Villagran-Vargas, Edgar
name: Jackson, Andrew D.
name: Heimburg, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Investigations of nerve activity have focused predominantly on electrical phenomena. Nerves, however, are thermodynamic systems, and changes in temperature and in the dimensions of the nerve can also be observed during the action potential. Measurements of heat changes during the action potential suggest that the nerve pulse shares many characteristics with an adiabatic pulse. First experiments in the 1980s suggested small changes in nerve thickness and length during the action potential. Such findings have led to the suggestion that the action potential may be related to electromechanical solitons traveling without dissipation. However, they have been no modern attempts to study mechanical phenomena in nerves. Here, we present ultrasensitive AFM recordings of mechanical changes on the order of 2 - 12 Å in the giant axons of the lobster. We show that the nerve thickness changes in phase with voltage change. When stimulated at opposite ends of the same axon, colliding action potentials pass through one another and do not annihilate. These observations are consistent with a mechanical interpretation of the nervous impulse.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
The relationship of cumulative psychosocial adversity with antepartum depression and anxiety
Creators: name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Meltzer-Brody, S.
name: Thorp, J.M.
name: Engel, S.M.
name: Pence, B.W.
name: Barrios, Y.V.
name: Maselko, J.
name: Dole, N.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: Background: Exposure to multiple psychosocial risk factors may increase vulnerability for mental health conditions during pregnancy. This analysis examined the relationship of a novel psychosocial adversity index with the co-occurrence and persistence of depression and anxiety throughout pregnancy. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 1797 pregnant women screened in the second/third trimesters for depression and anxiety symptoms and for eight contextual and individual psychosocial factors. The factors were summed to create a psychosocial adversity index; reporting four or more factors indicated high adversity. Elevated symptoms in both trimesters indicated persistent depression/anxiety and elevated symptoms at the same trimester indicated comorbid symptoms. The associations between the psychosocial adversity index and mental health were estimated. Results: Compared with a low psychosocial adversity index, women reporting a high level of psychosocial adversities had 2.06 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.51–2.82) times higher adjusted odds of only depressive or anxiety symptoms, and 5.57 (95% CI: 3.95–7.85) times higher adjusted odds of comorbid symptoms. The associations for persistent symptoms were of similar direction and magnitude. Conclusion: High psychosocial adversity was associated with persistent and comorbid depressive symptoms and anxiety during pregnancy. Assessing psychosocial adversity can help identify women at increased risk who would benefit from tailored mental health interventions.
Partnering for hope: Critical participatory action research with young people seeking asylum in Australia
Creators: name: MORGAN, SALLY
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390407
subject: Inclusive education
classificationCode: 440303
subject: Migration
classificationCode: 480704
subject: Migration, asylum and refugee law
classificationCode: 500104
subject: Human rights and justice issues (excl. law)

description: This critical participatory action research was conducted with 27 members of the Hope Co-Operative, an emerging grassroots organisation in Australia. Adopting the theory of practice architectures, it examined how a group of young people seeking asylum worked in solidarity with citizens to navigate the oppressive conditions of Australia's harsh asylum-seeker policy regime. This included working around barriers to education and meaningful employment to sustain the lifeworlds of Hope Co-operative's members.
Impact of long-term measures of glucose and blood pressure on the retinal microvasculature
Creators: name: Mosley, Thomas H.
name: Monda, Keri L.
name: Klein, Ronald
name: Wong, Tien Y.
name: Avery, Christy L.
name: Kucharska-Newton, Anna
name: Richey Sharrett, A.
name: Klein, Barbara E.
name: Cotch, Mary Frances
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Retinopathy and retinal microvascular abnormalities are common in adult populations, yet few long-term predictors have been identified. We therefore examined the association between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and fasting plasma glucose, assessed over 18 years, with retinopathy and retinal vascular caliber in 2,066 Carotid MRI participants, an Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities ancillary study.
Ondansetron use in early pregnancy and the risk of late pregnancy outcomes
Creators: name: Funk, M.J.
name: Suarez, E.A.
name: Stürmer, T.
name: Engel, S.M.
name: Lund, J.L.
name: Boggess, K.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Year: 2021

description: Background: The effects of ondansetron, used off-label to treat nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, on common pregnancy complications are understudied. Modest effects of a commonly used drug could result in adverse events for large numbers of pregnant women. Therefore, our objective was to compare the risk of stillbirth, preterm birth, gestational hypertensive disorders, small for gestational age, and differences in birth weight between women prescribed ondansetron and women prescribed alternative antiemetics in early pregnancy. Methods: A cohort of pregnant women receiving a prescription for ondansetron or comparator antiemetics (metoclopramide or promethazine) during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy was identified using electronic health record data from a health care system in North Carolina, USA. Confounding by multiple covariates was controlled using stabilized inverse probability of treatment weights. Weighted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) accounted for competing events. Results: We identified 2677 eligible pregnancies with antiemetic orders, 66% for ondansetron. The small number of stillbirths (n = 15) resulted in an imprecise estimate of the association with ondansetron (HR = 1.60; 95%CI 0.51, 4.97). No association was observed for preterm birth (HR = 0.90; 95%CI 0.67, 1.20) or gestational hypertensive disorders (HR = 0.87; 95%CI 0.68, 1.12). We observed an association with small for gestational age (HR = 1.37; 95%CI 0.98, 1.90), however mean birth weight among term births was similar between groups. Conclusions: Our results do not suggest that ondansetron increases the risk of preterm birth or gestational hypertensive disorders. The weak association observed between ondansetron use and small for gestational age warrants further investigation.
Reduced alpha-lipoic acid synthase gene expression exacerbates atherosclerosis in diabetic apolipoprotein E-deficient mice
Creators: name: Kim, Hyung-Suk
name: Maeda, Nobuyo
name: Xu, Longquan
name: Hiller, Sylvia
name: Yi, Xianwen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: To study the effects of reduced lipoic acid gene expression on diabetic atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E null mice (Apoe−/−).
Analysis of the Thermonuclear Instability including Low-Power ICRH Minority Heating in IGNITOR
Creators: name: Cardinali, Alessandro
name: Sonnino, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear thermal balance equation for classical plasma in a toroidal geometry is analytically and numerically investigated including ICRH power. The determination of the equilibrium temperature and the analysis of the stability of the solution are performed by solving the energy balance equation that includes the transport relations obtained by the classical kinetic theory. An estimation of the confinement time is also provided. We show that the ICRH heating in the IGNITOR experiment, among other applications, is expected to be used to trigger the thermonuclear instability. Here a scenario is considered where IGNITOR is led to operate in a slightly sub-critical regime by adding a small fraction of ${}^3He$ to the nominal $50$$\%$-$50$$\%$ Deuterium-Tritium mixture. The difference between power lost and alpha heating is compensated by additional ICRH heating, which should be able to increase the global plasma temperature via collisions between ${}^3He$ minority and the background $D-T$ ions.
description: 23 pages, 13 Figures
Relationship between hemodynamics and atherosclerosis in aortic arches of apolipoprotein E-null mice on 129S6/SvEvTac and C57BL/6J genetic backgrounds
Creators: name: Friedman, Morton H.
name: Maeda, Nobuyo
name: Tomita, Hirofumi
name: Hagaman, John
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: We investigated the relationships between hemodynamics and differential plaque development at the aortic arch of apolipoprotein E (apoE)-null mice on 129S6/SvEvTac (129) and C57BL/6J (B6) genetic backgrounds.
Invisible Labor in coastal fisheries gender perspectives from small scale fishers in Mullaitheevu district
Creators: name: Ramesh, Ramachchanthiran
name: Bandara, A.M.S.M.R.S.G.
name: Wattage, P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 169901 Gender Specific Studies
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: women play a significant role in small-scale fisheries worldwide.Similalry,with the resettlement of families in Northen Province of Sri lanka,and an icreeased level of unemployment,most of the vulnerable groups have shifted themselves to coastals fishing,portraying snall-scale fisheries as a crucial livelihood meeans in Mullaiteevu.Hence this study intended to identify the role of gender in small-scale fisheries in Mullaiteevu with a particular concern for women in the value chain.Primary data for the analysis wa gathered through a survey using a simple random sampling technique. In the survey,200 small-scale fisheries in the main fishing grounds of Mullaitivu North,Nayaru,and Kollilai were interviewed with a structured questionnaire.Further qualitative data were recorded through informal discussions with selected respindents.According to the results,the value chain had distinctive gendered roles for men and women.Men specifically engaged with marine harvesting and fishing stage that demanded more physical strength.The part of women mainly focused on posharvest stages(sorting,gutting,cleaning,repairing nets),preharvest stages(net making),and a few of the women-headed households engaged in normed masculine fish harvesting.Though the role of women in the value chain contributes toward increased economic gains and reducing the post-harvest losses,their contribution is under-evaluated.Women received less pay for the same work and had littel decision-making power.gendered market forces were also revealed with poor market access and poor bargaining power among fisherwomen.This issue is also affected by cultural procsriptions,religion,and caste.Womr=en play a vital role in the value chain amidst the unpaid household chores of caring for the children and families.Hence the women's respresentation in invisible,yet their role remains uncountable.
COVRIN-D1.2.1 Interlaboratory Testing SARS-CoV-2 Antigen detection - Final Report
Creators: name: Keller, Markus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: SARS-CoV-2
COVRIN
Antigen detection methods
Interlaboratory testing

description: Specific and highly sensitive diagnostic methods are particularly needed during the acute phase of an outbreak. This is all the more true when diseases of pandemic proportions are involved and both humans and animals are affected. During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the COVRIN project focuses on the detection and characterization of SARS-CoV-2 in animal and environmental samples. From these data, risk assessments can be made and strategies developed that will lead to increased vigilance against coronavirus outbreaks and more rapid responses. This report describes the results of an interlaboratory testing addressing the immunological detection of the SARS-CoV-2 antigens, which can be used for detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigens in samples from animals (D.1.2.1 of the COVRIN project).
The 9p21 genetic variant is additive to carotid intima media thickness and plaque in improving coronary heart disease risk prediction in white participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Creators: name: Brautbar, Ariel
name: Franeschini, Nora
name: Nambi, Vijay
name: Lawson, Kim
name: Virani, Salim S.
name: Ballantyne, Christie M.
name: Boerwinkle, Eric
name: Folsom, Aaron R.
name: Chambless, Lloyd
name: North, Kari E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: We evaluated whether the addition of carotid intima media thickness and plaque (CIMT-P), and, a single nucleotide polymorphism on chromosome 9p21 (9p21) together improve coronary heart disease (CHD) risk prediction in the ARIC study.
Anisotropic parton escape is the dominant source of azimuthal anisotropy in transport models
Creators: name: He, Liang
name: Edmonds, Terrence
name: Lin, Zi-Wei
name: Liu, Feng
name: Molnar, Denes
name: Wang, Fuqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We trace the development of elliptic anisotropy ($v_2$) via parton-parton collision history in two transport models. The parton $v_2$ is studied as a function of the number of collisions of each parton in Au+Au and $d$+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}}=200$ GeV. It is found that the majority of $v_2$ comes from the anisotropic escape probability of partons, with no fundamental difference at low and high transverse momenta. The contribution to $v_2$ from hydrodynamic-type collective flow is found to be small. Only when the parton-parton cross-section is set unrealistically large does this contribution start to take over. Our findings challenge the current paradigm emerged from hydrodynamic comparisons to anisotropy data.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures. Version update: v2: extended study using both AMPT and MPC; varied parton cross sections; conclusions unchanged and scope expanded. v3: title made more
Cytochrome P450-derived eicosanoids and vascular dysfunction in coronary artery disease patients
Creators: name: Simmons, Brian P.
name: Ellis, Kyle
name: Lih, Fred B.
name: Bass, Almasa
name: Theken, Katherine N.
name: Lee, Craig R.
name: Stouffer, George A.
name: Steele, Savanna
name: Zeldin, Darryl C.
name: Edin, Matthew L.
name: Tomer, Kenneth B.
name: Tran, Bryant
name: Hinderliter, Alan L.
name: Wu, Michael C.
name: Caughey, Melissa
name: Schuck, Robert N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Accumulating preclinical and epidemiologic evidence has emerged to suggest that modulation of cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated eicosanoid metabolism may be a viable vascular protective therapeutic strategy for the secondary prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD). The functional relationship between CYP-derived eicosanoid metabolite levels and vascular dysfunction in humans with established CAD, however, has not been evaluated. Therefore, we characterized the relationship between inter-individual variation in soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and CYP ω-hydroxylase metabolism and established vascular function phenotypes predictive of prognosis in a cohort of patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.