Croton (sect. Cleodora) Baillon 1858
Creators: name: Caruzo, Maria Beatriz Rossi
name: Cordeiro, Inês
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Croton

description: Key to the subsections and species of Croton section Cleodora   
 1. Sepals of pistillate flowers with quincuncial aestivation. Fruits globose or ellipsoid, never trigonal (except C. rufolepidotus).............................................................................................................. 2 (Croton subsect. Sphaerogyni)   
 - Sepals of pistillate flowers with imbricate aestivation, rarely reduplicate-valvate. Fruits subglobose, usually trigonal...................................................................................................................................... 10 (Croton subsect. Spruceani)   
2. Leaf glands acropetiolar............................................................................................................................................... 3  
 - Leaf glands basilaminar (in C. organensis the glands are maculate, inconspicuous).................................................. 5   
 3. Branchlets angular. Pistillate flowers flask-shaped; disk 5-segmented; calyx lobes not accrescent ........... C. salutaris   
- Branchlets cylindrical. Pistillate flowers campanulate; disk entire, deeply 5-lobed; calyx lobes strongly accrescent...................................................................................................................................................................................... 4  
 4. Indument rufous-silvery. Leaf margin entire. Stamens ca. 25. Pistillate flowers with styles included in calyx............ ............................................................................................................................................................. C. campanulatus   
 - Indument silvery. Leaf margin finely serrate. Stamens ca. 15. Pistillate flowers with styles exserted from calyx........ .............................................................................................................................................................. C. hemiargyreus   
5. Styles 4-fid (12 terminal arms)..................................................................................................................................... 6  
- Styles multifid (> 12 terminal arms)............................................................................................................................ 7  
 6. Branchlets flattened. Leaf glands globose. Staminate flowers campanulate. Pistillate flowers flask-shaped. Atlantic rain forest........................................................................................................................................ 8. C. sphaerogynus   
 - Branchlets cylindrical. Leaf glands saucer-shaped. Staminate flowers subcampanulate. Pistillate flowers ovoid. Amazon rain forests .................................................................................................................................... C. cajucara   
 7. Indument lepidote. Colombia .............................................................................................................. C. rufolepidotus   
- Indument non lepidote. Eastern Brazil........................................................................................................................ 8  
 8. Branchlets cylindrical. Staminate flowers cup-shaped. Pistillate flowers subsessile. ............................ C. heterocalyx   
- Branchlets flattened. Staminate flowers subcampanulate. Pistillate flowers pedicellate........................................... 9  
 9. Venation eucamptodromous; foliar glands maculate, inconspicuous. Bracts not foliaceous, without glands. Staminate flowers subcampanulate. Sepals of the pistillate flowers united only at the base.................. C. organensis   
 - Venation brochidodromous; foliar glands globose, conspicuous. Bracts foliaceous, with a pair of globose glands at the base. Staminate flowers campanulate. Sepals of the pistillate flowers united up to half of their length................. ..................................................................................................................................................... C. stellatoferrugineus   
10. Leaf glands acropetiolar............................................................................................................................................ 11  
- Leaf glands basilaminar.............................................................................................................................................. 13  
 11. Stipules lacerate. Pistillate flowers reduplicate-valvate; styles multifid (> 12 terminal arms) ................... C. fragrans   
- Stipules entire. Pistillate flowers imbricate; styles 4-fid (12 terminal arms).............................................................. 12  
 12. Branchlets flattened. Anthers ellipsoid. Pistillate flowers subcampanulate; petals with rounded apex....................................................................................................................................................................................... C. fragrantulus   
 - Branchlets cylindrical. Anthers arrow-headed. Pistillate flowers campanulate; petals with wavy and indented apex.................................................................................................................................................................. C. hoffmannii   
13. Styles multifid (> 12 terminal arms).......................................................................................................................... 14  
- Styles 4-fid (12 terminal arms).................................................................................................................................. 15  
 14. Indument ferrugineous. Staminate flowers campanulate; calyx lobes not deflexed in fruit. Epicarp smooth.............. ................................................................................................................................................................. C. sexmetralis   
 - Indument whitish. Staminate flowers subcampanulate; calyx lobes deflexed in fruit. Epicarp warty........................... .............................................................................................................................................................. C. billbergianus   
 15. Pistillate flowers urn-shaped ................................................................................................................... C. spruceanus   
- Pistillate flowers campanulate... 16  
 16. Climbing shrubs; branchlets slightly flattened. Stamens ca. 25 ....................................................... C. pseudofragrans   
- Straight trees to shrubs; branchlets cylindric. Stamens ca. 15................................................................................... 17  
 17. Indument lepidote. Leaves elliptical, strongly discolorous. Inflorescences congested. Disk of pistillate flowers 5- segmented. Epicarp warty. Amazonian rain forests ................................................................................. C. orinocensis   
 - Indument pubescent. Leaves ovate, slightly discolorous. Inflorescences lax. Disk of pistillate flowers 5-lobed. Epicarp smooth. Brazilian seasonal dry forests .................................................................................... C. rottlerifolius
description: Published as part of Caruzo, Maria Beatriz Rossi & Cordeiro, Inês, 2013, Taxonomic revision of Croton section Cleodora (Euphorbiaceae), pp. 1-41 in Phytotaxa 121 (1) on pages 3-4, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.121.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5079382