cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sparsity-based methods for image reconstruction and processing in cone-beam computed tomography
Creators: name: Karimi, Davood
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: X-ray computed tomography (CT) is an essential tool in modern medicine. As the scale and diversity of the medical applications of CT continue to increase, the quest for reducing the radiation dose becomes of extreme importance. However, producing high-quality images from low-dose scans has proven to be a serious challenge. Therefore, further research in developing more effective image reconstruction and processing algorithms for CT is necessary. This dissertation explores the potential of patch-based image models and total variation (TV) regularization for improving the quality of low-dose CT images. It proposes novel algorithms for 1) denoising and interpolation of CT projection measurements (known as the sinogram), 2) denoising and restoration of reconstructed CT images, and 3) iterative CT image reconstruction. For sinogram denoising, patch-based and TV-based algorithms are proposed. For interpolation of undersampled projections, an algorithm based on both patch-based and TV-based image models is proposed. Experiments show that the proposed algorithms substantially improve the quality of CT images reconstructed from low-dose scans and achieve state-of-the-art results in sinogram denoising and interpolation. To suppress streak artifacts in CT images reconstructed from low-dose scans, an algorithm based on sparse representation in coupled learned dictionaries is proposed. Moreover, a structured dictionary is proposed for denoising and restoration of reconstructed CT images. These algorithms significantly improve the image quality and prove that highly effective CT post-processing algorithms can be devised with the help of learned overcomplete dictionaries. This dissertation also proposes two iterative reconstruction algorithms that are based on variance-reduced stochastic gradient descent. One algorithm employs TV regularization only and proposes a stochastic-deterministic approach for image recovery. The other obtains better results by using both TV and patch-based regularizations. Both algorithms achieve convergence behavior and reconstruction results that are better than widely used iterative reconstruction algorithms compared to. Our results show that variance-reduced stochastic gradient descent algorithms can form the basis of very efficient iterative CT reconstruction algorithms. This dissertation shows that sparsity-based methods, especially patch-based methods, have a great potential in improving the image quality in low-dose CT. Therefore, these methods can play a key role in the future success of CT.
title: Telling Her People's Story: Mae Timbimboo Parry, Matriarch of the Northwestern Band of the Shoshone Nation, 1919-2007
Creators: name: McGuire, Dean
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Mae Timbimboo Parry played a significant role in changing the public’s narrative about the Bear River Massacre and shaping the current knowledge about Northwestern Shoshone history. According to Mae Parry, Northwestern Shoshones were not desperate victims of violence but rather Native Americans who adapted from a great tragedy and survived on their own terms. This thesis explores the meaning of her work for Northwestern Shoshones today.
Spontaneous symmetry breaking in linearly coupled disk-shaped Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Salasnich, Luca
name: Malomed, Boris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study effects of tunnel coupling on a pair of parallel disk-shaped Bose-Einstein condensates with the self-attractive intrinsic nonlinearity. Each condensate is trapped in a combination of in-plane and transverse harmonic-oscillator potentials. It is shown that, depending on the self-interaction strength and tunneling coupling, the ground state of the system exhibits a phase transition which links three configurations: a symmetric one with equal numbers of atoms in the coupled condensates, an asymmetric configuration with a population imbalance (a manifestation of the macroscopic quantum self-trapping), and the collapsing state. A modification of the phase diagram of the system in the presence of vortices in the disk-shaped condensates is reported too. The study of dynamics around the stationary configurations reveals properties which strongly depend on the symmetry of the configuration.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Molecular Physics, special issue "Luciano Reatto Festschrift" [LS thanks Luciano Reatto for 9 years of fruitful scientific collaboration at the Physics Department of the University of Milano]
Hydrodynamics of RN AdS$_4$ black hole and Holographic Optics
Creators: name: Ge, Xian-Hui
name: Jo, Kwanghyun
name: Sin, Sang-Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the AdS$_4$ RN black hole and work out the momentum dependent hydrodynamic analysis for the vector modes. We also perform the spectral function calculation of the dual field theory. As an application, we consider the permittivity and permeability and find that for low frequency regime, the index of refraction is found to be negative, supporting the claim made in ref.\cite{amariti} for AdS$_5$. We also find that at static limit the medium has the zero permeability, a character of the superconductivity .
description: 18+1 pages, 6 figures
title: Development of an Anisotropic Thermal Stress Model for a Low-Erosion Hybrid Rocket Nozzle System
Creators: name: Stephens, Judson C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Hybrid rockets are rockets which employ a solid fuel grain with a liquid oxidizer. Hybrids have many promising potential applications, however they also have a few drawbacks. Of interest to this research is the increased rate of nozzle erosion inherent to hybrid rockets. In order to address this issue, a low-erosion nozzle is proposed and evaluated.
Near-Field Effects of Cherenkov Radiation Induced by Ultra High Energy Cosmic Neutrinos
Creators: name: Hu, Chia-Yu
name: Chen, Chih-Ching
name: Chen, Pisin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radio approach for detecting the ultra-high energy cosmic neutrinos has become a mature field. The Cherenkov pulse in radio detection originates from the charge excess of particle showers due to Askaryan effect. The conventional way of calculating the Cherenkov pulse by making far- field approximation fails when the size of elongated showers become comparable with detection distance. We investigate the Cherenkov pulse in near-field by a numerical code based on the finite- difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Our study shows that the near-field radiation exhibits very different behaviors from the far-field one and therefore can be easily recognized. For ground array neutrino detectors, the near-field radiation would provide a unique signature for ultra high energy electromagnetic showers induced by the electron neutrino charge-current interaction. This can be useful in neutrino flavor identification.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
Simulation of melting of two dimensional Lennard-Jones solids
Creators: name: Wierschem, Keola
name: Manousakis, Efstratios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nature of melting of a two dimensional (2D) Lennard-Jones solid using large scale Monte Carlo simulation. We use systems of up to 102,400 particles to capture the decay of the correlation functions associated with translational order (TO) as well as the bond-orientational (BO) order. We study the role of dislocations and disclinations and their distribution functions. We computed the temperature dependence of the second moment of the two order parameters, i.e., of the TO order parameter as well as of the order parameter associated with BO order and using finite-size scaling we determined the corresponding two anomalous dimension critical exponents eta. We also computed the temperature dependent distribution of these two order parameters on the complex plane which support a two stage melting with a hexatic phase as an intermediate phase. The analysis of our results leads to a consistent picture strongly supporting a two stage melting scenario as predicted by the Kosterlitz, Thouless, Halperin, Nelson, and Young (KTHNY) theory. We find that the two correlation lengths associated with translational and bond-orientational order have a distinctly different temperature dependence each diverging at different temperature and that their finite size scaling properties are consistent with the KTHNY theory. We also used the temperature dependence of etas and their theoretical bounds to provide estimates for the two critical temperatures, which are found to be in agreement with those determined from the divergent correlation lengths and from the Binder ratio.
description: 14 two-column revtex pages and 20 figures
title: Don't Get Me Started About the Water: Foodways and Power in Juvenal's Satire V
Creators: name: Reese, Alex
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Don’t Get Me Started About the Water analyzes the food in the dinner of Juvenal’s fifth satire from the perspective of Roman foodways in the first and second centuries. This analysis provides a surprising conclusion: although the guest and host are served dishes differing vastly in quality, neither man gets a nutritious meal. This follows with arguments elsewhere in the Satires, namely that Rome itself kills its occupants and the best course of action is to abandon the city for the countryside.
Confinement-induced Resonances in Quasi-one-dimensional Traps with Transverse Anisotropy
Creators: name: Zhang, Wei
name: Zhang, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study atom-atom scattering in quasi-one-dimensional geometries with transverse anisotropy. By assuming an s-wave pseudo-potential of contact interaction, we show that the system would exhibit a single confinement-induced resonance, where the scattering process degenerates to a total reflection as a one-dimensional gas of impenetrable bosons. For a general form of interaction, we present a formal calculation based on the two-channel model and conclude the existence of only one confinement-induced resonance. Our findings are inconsistent with a recent experiment by Haller et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 153203 (2010)], where a splitting of confinement-induced resonances has been observed in an anisotropic quasi-one-dimensional quantum gas of Cs atoms.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Cardiorespiratory responses to hypoxia in high- and low-altitude geese and ducks
Creators: name: Laguë, Sabine Lina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: High-altitude (HA) life is challenging due to the reduced partial pressure of oxygen (hypoxia). Hence, HA vertebrates have evolved increased capacities in their oxygen transport cascade enhancing oxygen transfer. The extent of interspecies variation in these responses within waterfowl, a taxon prolific at HA, remains largely unknown. This thesis investigated 17 waterfowl groups at different altitudes to address the overarching hypotheses that waterfowl use multiple cardiorespiratory strategies to maintain oxygen supply during hypoxia, and that HA exposure alters the waterfowl hypoxic ventilatory and cardiovascular responses. A comprehensive analysis of metabolic, cardiovascular, and ventilatory responses to progressive decreases in equivalent fractional composition of inspired oxygen was made on resting low-altitude (LA) barnacle geese, LA bar-headed geese, HA bar-headed geese, Andean geese, and crested ducks. Andean geese and crested ducks, lifelong HA residents, exhibited fundamentally different mechanisms for maintaining oxygen supply during hypoxia than bar-headed geese, transient HA migrators. Bar-headed geese robustly increased ventilation and heart rate, whereas Andean species increased lung oxygen extraction and stroke volume. Also, HA-reared bar-headed geese exhibited reduced oxygen consumption during hypoxia compared to LA-reared bar-headed geese. Similar cardiovascular studies were performed on five HA duck species (yellow-billed pintail, cinnamon teal, ruddy duck, speckled teal, and Puna teal) in Peru and six related LA duck species (northern pintail, cinnamon teal, ruddy duck, green-winged teal, gadwall, and mallard duck) in the USA. Heart rate and oxygen pulse remained generally unchanged. Instead, most HA ducks exhibited higher blood-oxygen carrying capacity and lower heart rate variability than LA ducks. While heart rate, stroke volume, oxygen pulse, and blood-oxygen carrying capacity contributed to all 17 groups’ hypoxic cardiovascular responses, the predominant responses were increased stroke volume and, in HA taxa, blood-oxygen carrying capacity. Only bar-headed geese increased heart rate appreciably. This thesis identifies multiple cardiovascular and respiratory strategies by which waterfowl maintain oxygen supply during hypoxia, and provides insight into how HA rearing impacts these responses. This thesis also suggests that short-term HA performance utilizes primarily functional enhancements (e.g. rapid heart rate and ventilation increases), whereas lifelong HA residency is supported predominantly by structural changes (e.g. lung and cardiac morphology enhancements).
title: Instructional Logistics and Chunque-Based Learning Systems
Creators: name: McArthur, Ian A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1991

description: Existing instructional design and curriculum design strategy components were synthesized to provide a comprehensive set of design models for the development of learning systems. The term instructional logistics was coined to define the management of student progress through a series of customized learning experiences. Strategies were developed for the design of student-centered learning systems by partitioning a curriculum into meaningful and manageable pieces (called chunques) and by manipulating those pieces to create personalized and individualized paths through a series of self-contained learning experiences. Strategies were developed to organize a collection of chunques into a path based on initial simplified mental models designed specifically to make the subject matter more appropriate for novice learners. Two types of paths were proposed: paths created prior to instruction based on the best guess at what is optimal for the particular circumstances (anticipatory paths) and paths modified on the fly based on diagnostic information gathered during the learning process (adaptive paths).
Curriculum design decisions were based on two propositions: that curriculum decisions can be categorized as value-laden decisions, based on some conception of worth, or as technical decisions, based on instructional needs. The three souls proposition was developed, which proposes that educational goals can be categorized as education-to-be, sagacity-to-know, or training-to-do.
title: Risk Factors for Early and Late Onset Depression and Subsequent Risk for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias in an Older Adult Population
Creators: name: Kugler, Jordan
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: The Cache County Study on Memory in Aging (CCSMA) was a research study that followed 5092 participants aged 65 or older over the course of 12 years, examining risk and protective factors for dementia. One of these factors was depression history, which has evidence for a connection with dementia, such that those with a history of depression are more likely to develop dementia later in life. However, the existing literature has yet to examine sex differences, genetic and psychosocial factors that contribute to earlier or later onset of depression and how these factors in turn might later increase risk for dementia.
The current research contained two related studies. The fist study looked at how several life events, such as death of a spouse, chronic conditions, such as having diabetes, and genetic factors, such as the presence and of certain genes related to brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), related to depression in early life and late life. The second study looked at how depression in early life and late life related to risk for dementia. The results of these studies showed that certain life events reliably led to depression in early life and late life for males and females, specifically death of a spouse. In late life depression, death of a mother (males only), death of a spouse, death of a child, hospitalizations of self and family and corticosteroid use (females only) were associated with increased risk of late life depression. Chronic pain conditions and number of vascular health conditions were associated with reduced likelihood of having late life depression for both males and females. Further, the presence of some BDNF-related genes changed the relationship of stressful life events and depression. Finally, late life depression was associated with increased risk of dementia only in males and having both early and late life depression was associated with reduced likelihood of having dementia among females. These results provide evidence that early identification of depression and awareness of risk factors for depression is important, particularly as history of depression may increase risk for dementia among males.
On religion and language evolutions seen through mathematical and agent based models
Creators: name: Ausloos, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: (shortened version) Religions and languages are social variables, like age, sex, wealth or political opinions, to be studied like any other organizational parameter. In fact, religiosity is one of the most important sociological aspects of populations. Languages are also a characteristics of the human kind. New religions, new languages appear though others disappear. All religions and languages evolve when they adapt to the society developments. On the other hand, the number of adherents of a given religion, the number of persons speaking a language is not fixed. Several questions can be raised. E.g. from a macroscopic point of view : How many religions/languages exist at a given time? What is their distribution? What is their life time? How do they evolve?. From a microscopic view point: can one invent agent based models to describe macroscopic aspects? Does it exist simple evolution equations? It is intuitively accepted, but also found through from statistical analysis of the frequency distribution that an attachment process is the primary cause of the distribution evolution : usually the initial religion/language is that of the mother. Later on, changes can occur either due to heterogeneous agent interaction processes or due to external field constraints, - or both. Such cases can be illustrated with historical facts and data. It is stressed that characteristic time scales are different, and recalled that external fields are very relevant in the case of religions, rending the study more interesting within a mechanistic approach
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, invited paper at CHESS 2009; Proceedings of the First Interdisciplinary Chess Interactions Conference: Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada 17-20 August 2009 ; pp. 157-182
title: MetaXMorph: Hierarchical Transformation of Data with Metadata
Creators: name: Airan, Shubham
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: This research is about transforming data. Data comes in different shapes; it can be structured as a graph, a tree, a collection of tables, or some other shape. In this thesis, we focus on data structured as a tree, which is known as hierarchical data. The same data could be structured in many different tree shapes. Previously it was shown how to transform data from one tree shape, one hierarchy to another without losing any information. But sometimes the pieces of the hierarchy are annotated or associated with metadata, that is, with data about the data itself. The metadata can have special semantics that must be preserved when the data is transformed. Previous research also sketched how to transform hierarchical data annotated with metadata without losing information while preserving the semantics of the metadata. In this thesis, we implement the research on transforming data with metadata by extending XMorph, a data transformation language. And we evaluate the extension showing that the overhead is modest.
A Genetic Algorithm for the Multi-Pickup and Delivery Problem with time windows
Creators: name: Dridi, Imen Harbaoui
name: Kammarti, Ryan
name: Ksouri, Mekki
name: Borne, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In This paper we present a genetic algorithm for the multi-pickup and delivery problem with time windows (m-PDPTW). The m-PDPTW is an optimization vehicles routing problem which must meet requests for transport between suppliers and customers satisfying precedence, capacity and time constraints. This paper purposes a brief literature review of the PDPTW, present our approach based on genetic algorithms to minimizing the total travel distance and thereafter the total travel cost, by showing that an encoding represents the parameters of each individual.
title: A Program Evaluation of Competency Training Within a College Student Health Center
Creators: name: Randazzo, Kala E.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Integrated primary care (IPC) is a method for providing medical and psychotherapy services within a single primary care setting. Doctoral psychology students pursuing a career in psychotherapy may receive training in IPC as doctoral students. However, the field of IPC has a limited understanding of the current quality of IPC training for doctoral psychology students. The current study utilized professional competency guidelines for practicing psychology in IPC settings to evaluate doctoral training provided at the Utah State University Student Health Center. Doctoral psychology training at the Student Health Center was evaluated for how well it provides training in IPC competencies and how well it develops competencies among students who have competed the training. Competency training provided and developed in doctoral students was measured using existing student evaluations, the training course syllabus, and surveys of 14 doctoral students, 4 medical providers, and the training supervisor. Moderate examples of training and competence skills were found in the Science and Systems competency clusters, consistently high ratings of training and competence were found in the Professionalism, Relationships, and Application clusters, and minimal evidence of training was found in the Education cluster. Future development of training is suggested in the team approach to patient care, communication of expectations for students and medical providers, and teaching about IPC. This study contributes to the understanding of the current state of IPC training and the degree to which doctoral psychology students are prepared for careers in IPC.
Cohomological Representations and Twisted Rankin-Selberg Convolutions
Creators: name: Kasten, Hendrik
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2007

description: Wir zeigen, dass jede mit bestimmten Dirichletcharakteren getwistete Rankin-Selberg-L-Funktion zweier kohomologischer automorpher Darstellungen an der Stelle 1/2 bis auf eine von den Charakteren unabhängige Periode einen algebraischen Funktionswert hat. Hierbei heißt eine automorphe Darstellung kohomologisch, wenn ihre relative Liealgebrenkohomologie nicht trivial ist. In speziellen Fällen zeigen wir außerdem, dass die oben erwähnte Periode nicht Null wird.
Epitaxial strain effects in the spinel ferrites CoFe2O4 and NiFe2O4 from first principles
Creators: name: Fritsch, Daniel
name: Ederer, Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inverse spinels CoFe2O4 and NiFe2O4, which have been of particular interest over the past few years as building blocks of artificial multiferroic heterostructures and as possible spin-filter materials, are investigated by means of density functional theory calculations. We address the effect of epitaxial strain on the magneto-crystalline anisotropy and show that, in agreement with experimental observations, tensile strain favors perpendicular anisotropy, whereas compressive strain favors in-plane orientation of the magnetization. Our calculated magnetostriction constants $λ_{100}$ of about -220 ppm for CoFe2O4 and -45 ppm for NiFe2O4 agree well with available experimental data. We analyze the effect of different cation arrangements used to represent the inverse spinel structure and show that both LSDA+U and GGA+U allow for a good quantitative description of these materials. Our results open the way for further computational investigations of spinel ferrites.
title: An Analysis of Electromagnetic Flowmeters: A Numerical Study
Creators: name: Beck, Kade J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: As water scarcity increases, improved water management through better water measurement is of critical global significance. Today, the most common way to measure water in drinking water and wastewater systems is to use an electromagnetic (magnetic) flowmeter. A magnetic flowmeter has many components, and their accuracy can be compromised if not installed or calibrated correctly. The purpose of the present study was threefold. Each of the three components has been named to help the reader understand the context of the study without getting lost in the details.
The Idealist. Using mathematical programs, the spacing of two types of magnetic flowmeter sensors was optimized and the performance of these sensors was numerically compared to the standard sensors in use today.
The Egalitarian. Not all researchers who are interested in magnetic flowmeter analysis are trained to understand how they work. Thus, some researchers are limited in their abilities to identify improvements to water measurement practices. Consequently, an alternative magnetic flowmeter analysis method was compared to the traditional magnetic flowmeter analysis method and found good agreement, thereby enabling a new group of researchers to analyze magnetic flowmeters.
The Capitalist. Computer models can be used to predict the flow of water through pipes. Some models match laboratory observations better than others but are more ex-pensive to use. This segment of research explored how sensitive magnetic flowmeters are to less expensive and more expensive models and found that they appear to exhibit some sensitivity to the choice of model.
Interplay between stress granules, cellular stress response, and coxsackievirus B3 infection
Creators: name: Fung, Gabriel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Viral infection affects a multitude of cellular processes to facilitate successful replication. Such responses include the formation of stress granules (SGs) and the activation of autophagy. SGs are stalled translational complexes and function to restore cellular homeostasis after stress. Autophagy is a cellular process that recycles misfolded proteins and damaged organelles and plays an important role in various stress responses. We previously demonstrated that infection with Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), a common human pathogen for viral myocarditis, disrupts the autophagic process to support effective viral replication. However, the interplay between CVB3 and SGs, and the ability of SGs to regulate autophagy have not been investigated. Here we showed that SGs are formed early and actively disassembled late during CVB3 infection due to viral protease 3Cpro-mediated cleavage of Ras-GAP SH3 domain binding protein 1 (G3BP1), a key nucleating protein of SGs. Overexpression of G3BP1 inhibits CVB3 replication, indicating an anti-viral function of SGs. We further demonstrated that the C-terminal product of G3BP1 has a toxic gain-of-function that further inhibits SG formation. We also examined the interaction between CVB3 and the transactive response DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43), an RNA binding protein that mislocates to SGs under cellular stress. We found that TDP-43 is translocated from the nucleus to SGs upon infection through the activity of viral protease 2Apro, followed by cleavage by protease 3Cpro. The C-terminal product of TDP-43 is quickly degraded by the proteasome, whereas the N-terminal truncate acts as a dominant-negative mutant that inhibits the function of native TDP-43 in alternative RNA splicing. Knockdown of TDP-43 results in an increase in viral titres, suggesting a protective role for TDP-43 in CVB3 infection. Lastly, we explored the possible role of G3BP1-SGs in regulating autophagy. We showed that G3BP1 inhibits autophagic flux, likely by binding to cytoplasmic signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Taken together, our results reveal that the host SGs and associated proteins, including G3BP1 and TDP-43, are utilized and modified during CVB3 infection to promote efficient viral replication and induce viral pathogenesis. Moreover, we propose a novel mechanism by which G3BP1 binds cytoplasmic STAT3 to inhibit autophagy.
title: Effect of High-Intensity Ultrasound on Bubble Dynamics, Oxidation, and Crystallization Behavior of Fats
Creators: name: Lee, Juhee
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Partially hydrogenated oils (PHOs) provide desired texture, stability, and extended shelf life in food products. These types of lipids have been commonly used in food industry. However, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) decided to remove generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status of PHOs in 2015 due to the association between PHOs and coronary heart disease (CHD), type 2 diabetes and other metabolic diseases. Hence, it is necessary to find alternative new healthy lipids or novel processing conditions that can be used to replace the functionality of PHO. Among the processing methods to be used in alternative PHOs fats, high-intensity ultrasound (HIU) has been studied to change physical properties of several lipids, including palm kernel oil (PKO), palm oil, cocoa butter, and anhydrous milk fat (AMF) in out laboratory. However, application of HIU is associated with generating high energy (temperature, pressure, etc.) into the samples and oxidation in lipids has been a concern among researchers using HIU.
Moreover, long-term storage effects of sonicated lipids have not been evaluated yet, and more studies are required to use of HIU on various edible lipids. Therefore, in this study, HIU was used to change the physical properties of interesterified soybean oil (IESBO), all-purpose shortening (APS), and fish oil with low contents of saturated fatty acids (structure lipids, SLs). The result from this research indicated that the application of HIU increased hardness, elasticity, and solid fat content in the sonicated lipids without affecting oxidative stability of the samples. In addition, this research showed that changes in physical properties obtained from sonication did not change during storage. During sonication, bubbles are formed in the system, and although these bubbles are responsible for changes in the physical properties, this research has shown that these bubble events are not the only factors that affect the crystallization behavior of fats. Overall, this research shows that HIU can be used as potential processing tool to develop alternative PHOs.
Spazio pubblico e coscienza individuale: l’espansione del penalmente rilevante nel diritto canonico e nel diritto ecclesiastico
Creators: name: Berlingò, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014
Subjects: Tutela penale

description: Il contributo, accettato dal Direttore, riproduce il testo, rivisto e integrato, con le note aggiornate, della relazione al Convegno Nazionale dell’ADEC sul tema “Per una disciplina che cambia. Il diritto canonico e il diritto ecclesiastico nel tempo presente” (Bologna, 7-9 novembre 2013), ed è destinato alla pubblicazione negli Atti del Convegno e alla Raccolta di scritti in onore di Giuseppe Dalla Torre.
SOMMARIO: 1. Privata libertà di coscienza ed ethos sociale collettivo - 2. La libertà di formazione della coscienza - 3. Gli indirizzi giurisprudenziali a sostegno del pluralismo culturale e religioso. - 4. Il penalmente rilevante nel diritto canonico - 5.Salus animarum e sanzioni penali canoniche - 6. La normativa penale vaticana e i suoi riflessi nell’ordinamento della Chiesa - 7. Il processo di riforma del diritto penale canonico - 8. Il principio di legalità e la tutela dell’umana dignità di tutti i fedeli - 9. Per una lettura il più possibile sostanziale e dinamica della legalità in ambito canonico e in ambito civile.
  Public space and the individual conscience: the expansion of the act criminally considerable in canon and ecclesiastical law.

  ABSTRACT: The autonomous existence of religious groups is an essential and constitutive element of public space as an irreplaceable sustenance for the pluralism in a democratic society and for the empowerment of a synthesis of values shared by all and continually in progress.

It is necessary, however, that all groups use a legal language or, like this one rationally understandable; and therein the Catholic Church can take advantage of the tools offered by the canonistic tradition.

Therefore, the comparison between the most recent developments of the canonical law in criminal matters and those recorded in parallel by the criminal law of the State, may be useful, especially in respect of a reading of the principle of legality as much as possible significant and dynamic.

  KEYWORDS: Public space, pluralism in a democratic society, legal and rational language, criminal law, canonistic tradition, principle of legality.
description: Stato, Chiese e pluralismo confessionale, 2014: 17 febbraio
Relaxation of ideal classical particles in a one-dimensional box
Creators: name: Gebhard, Florian
name: Muenster, Kevin zu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the deterministic dynamics of non-interacting classical gas particles confined to a one-dimensional box as a pedagogical toy model for the relaxation of the Boltzmann distribution towards equilibrium. Hard container walls alone induce a uniform distribution of the gas particles at large times. For the relaxation of the velocity distribution we model the dynamical walls by independent scatterers. The Markov property guarantees a stationary but not necessarily thermal velocity distribution for the gas particles at large times. We identify the conditions for physical walls where the stationary velocity distribution is the Maxwell distribution. For our numerical simulation we represent the wall particles by independent harmonic oscillators. The corresponding dynamical map for oscillators with a fixed phase (Fermi--Ulam accelerator) is chaotic for mesoscopic box dimensions.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Re/Os Cosmochronometer: Measurement of Neutron Cross Sections
Creators: name: Mosconi, Marita
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2007

description: The Re/Os cosmochronometer is a dating technique based on the decay of 187Re into 187Os. It determines the age of the universe by the time of onset of nucleosynthesis. The nucleosynthesis mechanisms, which are responsible for the 187Re/187Os pair, provide the possibility to identify the radiogenic fraction of 187Os by nuclear physics considerations. The neutron capture cross sections averaged over the stellar conditions of the s-process are the input for the calculations of the 187Os abundance.
Non-Equilibrium Electron Transport through a Double Quantum Dot System: Study of Two Exchange Coupled Quantum Dots in a 4-Terminal Geometry
Creators: name: Koerting, Verena
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2007

description: In this thesis we study two exchange-coupled quantum dots with an emphasis on non-equilibrium physics. Assuming a single electron on each quantum dot, the double quantum dot system is characterized by an interplay between the Kondo spin coupling of the dots with the leads and the spin-exchange coupling between the dots. We find that a finite voltage on one quantum dot drives the other quantum dot out of equilibrium.
Additional file 1 of Incidence of acute otitis media in children in the United States before and after the introduction of 7- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines during 1998–2018
Creators: name: Hu, Tianyan
name: Done, Nicolae
name: Petigara, Tanaz
name: Mohanty, Salini
name: Song, Yan
name: Liu, Qing
name: Lemus-Wirtz, Esteban
name: Signorovitch, James
name: Sarpong, Eric
name: Weiss, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary methods and results.
title: Measuring, Mapping, and Managing Outdoor Recreation on Public Lands in Utah with Social Media Data
Creators: name: Zhang, Hongchao
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Social media platforms allow people to post photos, text, and video clips that include embedded information about the geographic location, time, and date that of the posts. Recently, researchers have utilized these data to study outdoor recreation management. In particular, geotagged social media posts can be used to understand outdoor recreation behavior and visitation patterns on public lands. Consequently, it can be used to inform the decisions of agencies and organizations that manage recreational uses of public land. I conducted three studies to explore the ways social media information can help provide recreation managers with a better understanding of visitor use. First, I tracked the locations of recreation users’ social media posts to describe how their visits are distributed across the public lands in the state of Utah (USA). Next,I combined social media data with a tool that recreation managers often use called the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum (ROS), proposing a way to improve the ROS so it can be used to proactively guide management actions at different spatial scales. Finally, I convened workshops with recreation managers, business owners, and government leaders to if and how social media can be used to inform decisions about recreation management within Utah. In sum this dissertation presents the variety of ways social media can be used to measure, map, and manage outdoor recreation on public lands.
Super star clusters and Supernovae in interacting LIRGs unmasked by NIR adaptive optics
Creators: name: Vaisanen, Petri
name: Randriamanakoto, Zara
name: Kankare, Erkki
name: Mattila, Seppo
name: Ryder, Stuart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on an on-going near-IR adaptive optics survey targeting interacting luminous IR galaxies. High-spatial resolution NIR data are crucial to enable interpretation of kinematic, dynamical and star formation (SF) properties of these very dusty objects. Whole progenitor nuclei in the interactions can be missed if only optical HST imaging is used. Here we specifically present the latest results regarding core-collapse supernovae found within the highly extincted nuclear regions of these galaxies. Direct detection and study of such highly obscured CCSNe is crucial for revising the optically-derived SN rates used for providing an independent measurement of the SF history of the Universe. We also present thus-far the first NIR luminosity functions of super star cluster (SSC) candidates. The LFs can then be used to constrain the formation and evolution of SSCs via constraints based on initial mass functions and cluster disruption models.
description: 6 pages. To appear in proceedings of 'Galaxies and their Masks' (Namibia, April 2010), published by Springer, New York, eds. D.L. Block, K.C. Freeman, I. Puerari
La coesistenza delle religioni in Albania. Le religioni in Albania prima e dopo la caduta del comunismo
Creators: name: Belgiorno De Stefano, Maria Gabriella
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014
Subjects: Diritto ecclesiastico comparato e straniero

description: Il contributo, accettato dal Direttore, riproduce il testo della Relazione al Convegno sul tema “Libertà Religiosa, Secolarizzazione e Sviluppi recenti in Albania” (Roma, Sala della Protomoteca in Campidoglio, 3 febbraio 2014), organizzato dall’Ambasciata della Repubblica di Albania presso la Santa Sede e presso il Sovrano Militare Ordine di Malta e dalla Presidenza Assemblea Capitolina (Roma Capitale).
SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. Le origini del Kanun albanese - 3. La fratellanza religiosa albanese - 4. Il primo comunismo albanese e la libertà religiosa - 5. L’ateocrazia albanese - 6. La fratellanza albanese e la Costituzione del 1998.
description: Stato, Chiese e pluralismo confessionale, 2014: 17 febbraio
title: The Effect of a Narrative Intervention on the Production of Complex Utterances by Children At-Risk for Language Disorders
Creators: name: Wada, Rebekah
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: The ability to produce complex sentences with a variety of complex clauses is essential for children’s academic success in topics such as science and language arts. Previous research suggests that improving children’s ability to create narratives (stories) results in increased use of sentences with multiple clauses. This study examined the effect of the Supporting Knowledge in Language and Literacy (SKILL) narrative intervention on participant’s use of complex sentences. Participants were 120 monolingual English speakers between the ages of 8;0 and 10;11 who participated in a larger randomized control trial. Participants were randomly assigned to the treatment group or the control group. Each participant created two stories after viewing a picture before being assigned to either the treatment or control group. They then created two more stories in response to the same pictures after the intervention group completed the SKILL program. The stories produced by participants were transcribed and divided into sentences. The use of five complex clause types were coded and examined. Controlling for story length at pretest, participants in the treatment group produced significantly more complex utterances than the control group at posttest. Additionally, participants in the treatment group produced more coordinated conjunctions and complement clauses. This study provides preliminary evidence that the SKILL program can be used to improve both narrative ability and syntactic ability in monolingual children.
On-line voltage stability assessment and preventive control action recommendations based on artificial neural network
Creators: name: Wang, Zemeng
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Many power systems are being operated close to their security limits, which makes the reliable operation more challenging than ever. Voltage instability has been a major problem faced by many utilities. Many blackouts involved with voltage instability have been reported around the world. There is an increasing demand of accurate and up-to-date assessment for power system voltage stability and recommendations of preventive control actions. On-line voltage stability monitoring tools have been largely matured recently. They are typically integrated with the energy management system (EMS) and assess the voltage stability of the present operation condition based on the load-flow solution generated by state estimator. Preventive control actions to enhance voltage stability against potential contingencies still need to be developed off-line through extensive studies. They are usually presented to the operators in the form of bounds set of key parameters for voltage security monitoring and control action execution. However, these methods are limited by computation cost, extensive simulations, or conservative operation. This thesis proposes an artificial neural network (ANN) based framework to achieve on-line loading limit assessment and preventive control action recommendations for a practical power system. Firstly, an operation knowledge database consisting of interested operation conditions and loading limits is developed offline. Then an ANN model is trained to map the operation conditions with the corresponding loading limits. Finally, the proposed framework is applied in BC Hydro Vancouver Island system operation for on-line loading limit assessment and preventive control action recommendations.
Note su matrimonio e unioni civili nella concezione cattolica e nel diritto canonico
Creators: name: Parlato, Vittorio
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014
Subjects: Diritti delle religioni

description: Contributo accettato dal Direttore
SOMMARIO: 1. Il matrimonio civile e forme diverse di unioni eterosessuali, unioni omosessuali nelle concezione della Chiesa cattolica – 2. La posizione dell’Ortodossia - 3. Matrimonio canonico e matrimonio civile: due concezioni essenzialmente diverse per contenuti, finalità, forma di celebrazione. Contratto monogamico e perpetuo, elevato a sacramento, produttore di grazia ex opere operato, il primo; negozio giuridico, monogamico dissolubile da cui derivano alcuni diritti e obblighi per i contraenti, il secondo – 4. Altre tipologie di unioni more uxorio – 5. La normativa – 6. I soggetti alla normativa – 7. La pastorale: atteggiamento di benevola carità e comprensione; lo scioglimento del matrimonio in base al principio dell’oiconomia nelle Chiese ortodosse; l’opportuno diverso atteggiamento nei confronti di chi celebra il matrimonio civile o convive in unioni omosessuali; il battesimo dei minori.
Abstract. Viene presentata la concezione della Chiesa cattolica e ortodossa in merito al matrimonio civile e forme diverse di unioni eterosessuali e unioni omosessuali. In particolare viene evidenziata la differenza sostanziale tra matrimonio contratto-sacramento religioso e matrimonio civile: si espone la normativa vigente in tema di celebrazione canonica e si indicano i soggetti alla normativa stessa. Infine si tratta dell’ atteggiamento pastorale di benevola carità e comprensione verso i conviventi le diverse tipologie di unioni; dello scioglimento del matrimonio in base al principio dell’oiconomia nelle Chiese ortodosse; dell’opportuno diverso atteggiamento nei confronti di chi celebra il matrimonio civile o convive in unioni omosessuali; da ultimo si espongono le perplessità nel battezzare i minori di coppie che, con il loro modo di vita, si sono staccate di fatto dalla Chiesa.
description: Stato, Chiese e pluralismo confessionale, 2014: 17 febbraio