cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reasoning and Logical-Proofs of the Fundamental Laws: 'No Hope' for the Challengers of the Second Law of Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Kostic, Milivoje M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2

description: This comprehensive treatise is written for the special occasion of the author's 70th birthday. It presents his lifelong endeavors and reflections with original reasoning and re-interpretations of the most critical and misleading issues in thermodynamics; since now, we have the advantage to look at the historical developments more comprehensively and objectively than the pioneers. Starting from Carnot (grandfather of thermodynamics-to-be) to Kelvin and Clausius (fathers of thermodynamics), and other followers, the most relevant issues are critically examined and put in historical and contemporary perspective. From original reasoning of energy forcing and displacement to logical proofs of the fundamental laws, to ubiquity of thermal motion and heat, and indestructibility of entropy, including the new concept of "thermal roughness" and the inevitability of dissipative irreversibility, to "dissecting Carnot true reversible-equivalency" and critical concept of "Carnot-Clausius heat-work equivalency (CCHWE)" regarding the interchangeability of heat and work, and to demonstrating "no hope" for the "challengers" of the Second Law of thermodynamics, among others, are offered. It is hoped that the novel contributions presented will enhance comprehension and resolve some of the fundamental issues, as well as promote collaboration and future progress.
description: This comprehensive treatise is written for the special occasion of the author's 70th birthday, to be submitted for review and publication. It presents his lifelong endeavors and reflections with original reasoning and re-interpretations of the most critical and misleading issues in thermodynamics, and especially the Second Law of thermodynamics and entropy
Additional file 5 of A telemonitoring programme in patients with heart failure in France: a cost-utility analysis
Creators: name: Caillon, Mégane
name: Sabatier, Rémi
name: Legallois, Damien
name: Courouve, Laurène
name: Donio, Valérie
name: Boudevin, Florence
name: de Chalus, Thibault
name: Hauchard, Karine
name: Belin, Annette
name: Milliez, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file5. Relative risks
Disk Inhomogeneities and the Origins of Planetary System Architectures and Observational Properties
Creators: name: Hasegawa, Yasuhiro
name: Pudritz, Ralph E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent high-resolution observations show that protoplanetary disks have various kinds of structural properties or inhomogeneities. These are the consequence of a mixture of a number of physical and chemical processes taking place in the disks. Here, we discuss the results of our comprehensive investigations on how disk inhomogeneities affect planetary migration. We demonstrate that disk inhomogeneities give rise to planet traps - specific sites in protoplanetary disks at which rapid type I migration is halted. We show that up to three types of traps (heat transitions, ice lines and dead zones) can exist in a single disk, and that they move differently as the disk accretion rate decreases with time. We also demonstrate that the position of planet traps strongly depends on stellar masses and disk accretion rates. This indicates that host stars establish preferred (initial) scales of their planetary systems. Finally, we discuss the possible observational signatures of disk inhomogeneities.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure. Contributed talk to appear in Proceedings of IAU Symposium 299, "Exploring the formation and evolution of planetary systems"
Multiple solutions in supersymmetry and the Higgs
Creators: name: Allanach, B. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak-scale supersymmetry is a well motivated, if speculative, theory beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. It solves the thorny issue of the Higgs mass, namely: how can it be stable to quantum corrections, when they are expected to be $10^{15}$ times bigger than its mass? The experimental signal of the theory is the production and measurement of supersymmetric particles in the Large Hadron Collider experiments. No such particles have been seen to date, but hopes are high for the impending run in 2015. Searches for supersymmetric particles can be difficult to interpret. Here, we shall discuss the fact that, even given a well defined model of supersymmetry breaking with few parameters, there can be multiple solutions. These multiple solutions are physically different, and could potentially mean that points in parameter space have been ruled out by interpretations of LHC data when they shouldn't have been. We shall review the multiple solutions and illustrate their existence in a universal model of supersymmetry breaking.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, write-up of talk delivered at the Royal Society Discussion Meeting "Before, behind and beyond the discovery of the Higgs Boson", January 2014
Dynamics of passing-stars-perturbed binary star systems
Creators: name: Bancelin, David
name: Nordlander, Thomas
name: Pilat-Lohinger, Elke
name: Loibnegger, Birgit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the dynamical effects of a sequence of close encounters over 200 Myr varying in the interval of 10000 -- 100000 au between a binary star system and passing stars with masses ranging from 0.1$M_{\odot}$ to 10$M_{\odot}$. We focus on binaries consisting of two Sun-like stars with various orbital separations $a_{\scriptscriptstyle 0}$ from 50 au to 200 au initially on circular-planar orbits. We treat the problem statistically since each sequence is cloned 1000 times. Our study shows that orbits of binaries initially at $a_{\scriptscriptstyle 0}$ = 50 au will slightly be perturbed by each close encounter and exhibit a small deviation in eccentricity (+0.03) and in periapsis distance (+1 and -2 au) around the mean value. However increasing $a_{\scriptscriptstyle 0}$ will drastically increase these variances: up to +0.45 in eccentricity and between +63 au and -106 au in periapsis, leading to a higher rate of disrupted binaries up to 50% after the sequence of close encounters. Even though the secondary star can remain bound to the primary, $\sim$20% of the final orbits will have inclinations greater than 10$^{\circ}$. As planetary formation already takes place when stars are still members of their birth cluster, we show that the variances in eccentricity and periapsis distance of Jupiter- and Saturn-like planets will inversely decrease with $a_{\scriptscriptstyle 0}$ after successive fly-bys. This leads to higher ejection rate at $a_{\scriptscriptstyle 0}$ = 50 au but to a higher extent for Saturn-likes (60%) as those planets' apoapsis distances cross the critical stability distance for such binary separation.
description: Accepted for publication (MNRAS)
2.5PN accurate waveform information for generic-planar-orbit binaries in effective one-body models
Creators: name: Placidi, Andrea
name: Grignani, Gianluca
name: Harmark, Troels
name: Orselli, Marta
name: Gliorio, Sara
name: Nagar, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide the post-Newtonian (PN) waveform for binary systems in motion along generic planar orbits at 2.5PN accuracy, in terms of the dynamical variables of the effective one-body (EOB) formalism. In addition to the calculation of the higher order terms for all the contributions to the waveform that have been already considered in previous avatars of EOB models, we also compute the EOB expression of the oscillatory memory terms. These are purely non-circular contributions, first appearing at 1.5PN order, that have been so far neglected in the EOB literature. This should foster their inclusion in EOB models and the definitive assessment of their role in shaping gravitational wave signals at infinity. To further promote the application of our results, we also derive associated non-circular factors according to the waveform factorization prescription of the non-circular EOB model TEOBResumS-DALI; the result is a set of ready-to-use non-circular factors that can be directly implemented as extra non-circular corrections in the waveform of TEOBResumS-DALI.
description: 14 pages
The Impact of Symbolic and Non-Symbolic Quantity on Spatial Learning
Creators: name: McCrink, Koleen Cathryn
name: Galamba, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Symbolism of numbers
subject: Cognitive psychology
subject: Cognitive maps (Psychology)
subject: Memory--Psychological aspects
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: An implicit mapping of number to space via a “mental number line” occurs automatically in adulthood. Here, we systematically explore the influence of differing representations of quantity (no quantity, non-symbolic magnitudes, and symbolic numbers) and directional flow of stimuli (random flow, left-to-right, or right-to-left) on learning and attention via a match-to-sample working memory task. When recalling a cognitively demanding string of spatial locations, subjects performed best when information was presented right-to-left. When non-symbolic or symbolic numerical arrays were embedded in these spatial locations, and mental number line congruency prompted, this effect was attenuated and in some cases reversed. In particular, low-performing female participants who viewed increasing non-symbolic number arrays paired with the spatial locations exhibited better recall for left-to-right directional flow information relative to right-to-left, and better processing for the left side of space relative to the right side of space. The presence of symbolic number during spatial learning enhanced recall to a greater degree than non-symbolic number—especially for female participants, and especially when cognitive load is high—and this difference was independent of directional flow of information. We conclude that quantity representations have the potential to scaffold spatial memory, but this potential is subtle, and mediated by the nature of the quantity and the gender and performance level of the learner.
The State of the Art in Creating Visualization Corpora for Automated Chart Analysis
Creators: name: Chen, Chen
name: Liu, Zhicheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a state-of-the-art report on visualization corpora in automated chart analysis research. We survey 56 papers that created or used a visualization corpus as the input of their research techniques or systems. Based on a multi-level task taxonomy that identifies the goal, method, and outputs of automated chart analysis, we examine the property space of existing chart corpora along five dimensions: format, scope, collection method, annotations, and diversity. Through the survey, we summarize common patterns and practices of creating chart corpora, identify research gaps and opportunities, and discuss the desired properties of future benchmark corpora and the required tools to create them.
description: To appear at EuroVis 2023
Additional file 1 of Elevated vascular transformation blood biomarkers in Long-COVID indicate angiogenesis as a key pathophysiological mechanism
Creators: name: Patel, Maitray A.
name: Knauer, Michael J.
name: Nicholson, Michael
name: Daley, Mark
name: Van Nynatten, Logan R.
name: Martin, Claudio
name: Patterson, Eric K.
name: Cepinskas, Gediminas
name: Seney, Shannon L.
name: Dobretzberger, Verena
name: Miholits, Markus
name: Webb, Brian
name: Fraser, Douglas D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Function of 16 Vascular Transformation Blood Biomarkers. Table S2. Upper and Lower Limit of Quantification (ng/mL) and the Inter- and Intra-assay %CV for 16 Vascular Transformation Blood Biomarkers. Table S3: Vascular Transformation Blood Biomarker Concentrations. Table S4. Pair-Wise Comparisons of 16 Vascular Transformation Blood Biomarkers. Table S5. Classification Accuracy (Random Forest) and Area-Under-the-Curve (ROC Curve Analyses) of 16 Vascular Transformation Blood Biomarkers. Table S6. Long-COVID Validation Cohort Outpatient Demographics and Clinical Data. Fig. S1. Boxplots and plasma concentrations days after acute infection for ANG-1 and P-SEL in a validation cohort. A) A boxplot demonstrating significantly elevated blood ANG-1 concentrations in Long-COVID outpatients (**** P=0.0001). B) A plot demonstrated ANG-1 concentration versus time after acute infection. A cut-off value adopted from ROC analyses of the test population was calculated. C) A boxplot demonstrating significantly elevated blood P-SEL concentrations in Long-COVID outpatients (**** P=0.0001). D) A plot demonstrated P-SEL concentration versus time after acute infection. A cut-off value adopted from ROC analyses of the test population was calculated.
Newman's conjecture in various settings
Creators: name: Andrade, Julio
name: Chang, Alan
name: Miller, Steven J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M20, 11M26, 11M50, 11Y35, 11Y60, 14G10

description: De Bruijn and Newman introduced a deformation of the Riemann zeta function $ζ(s)$, and found a real constant $Λ$ which encodes the movement of the zeros of $ζ(s)$ under the deformation. The Riemann hypothesis (RH) is equivalent to $Λ\le 0$. Newman made the conjecture that $Λ\ge 0$ along with the remark that "the new conjecture is a quantitative version of the dictum that the Riemann hypothesis, if true, is only barely so." Newman's conjecture is still unsolved, and previous work could only handle the Riemann zeta function and quadratic Dirichlet $L$-functions, obtaining lower bounds very close to zero (for example, for $ζ(s)$ the bound is at least $-1.14541 \cdot 10^{-11}$, and for quadratic Dirichlet $L$-functions it is at least $-1.17 \cdot 10^{-7}$). We generalize the techniques to apply to automorphic $L$-functions as well as function field $L$-functions. We further determine the limit of these techniques by studying linear combinations of $L$-functions, proving that these methods are insufficient. We explicitly determine the Newman constants in various function field settings, which has strong implications for Newman's quantitative version of RH. In particular, let $\mathcal D \in \bbZ[T]$ be a square-free polynomial of degree 3. Let $D_p$ be the polynomial in $\bbF_p[T]$ obtained by reducing $\mathcal D$ modulo $p$. Then the Newman constant $Λ_{D_p}$ equals $\log \frac{|a_p(\mathcal D)|}{2\sqrt{p}}$; by Sato--Tate (if the curve is non-CM) there exists a sequence of primes such that $\lim_{n \to\infty} Λ_{D_{p_n}} = 0$. We end by discussing connections with random matrix theory.
description: Version 1.0, 18 pages, 1 figure
Resonance Graphs and Perfect Matchings of Graphs on Surfaces
Creators: name: Tratnik, Niko
name: Ye, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C70, 05C10, 05C31

description: Let $G$ be a graph embedded in a surface and let $\mathcal F$ be a set of even faces of $G$ (faces bounded by a cycle of even length). The resonance graph of $G$ with respect to $\mathcal F$, denoted by $R(G;\mathcal F)$, is a graph such that its vertex set is the set of all perfect matchings of $G$ and two vertices $M_1$ and $M_2$ are adjacent to each other if and only if the symmetric difference $M_1\oplus M_2$ is a cycle bounding some face in $\mathcal F$. It has been shown that if $G$ is a matching-covered plane bipartite graph, the resonance graph of $G$ with respect to the set of all inner faces is isomorphic to the covering graph of a distributive lattice. It is evident that the resonance graph of a plane graph $G$ with respect to an even-face set $\mathcal F$ may not be the covering graph of a distributive lattice. In this paper, we show the resonance graph of a graph $G$ on a surface with respect to a given even-face set $\mathcal F$ can always be embedded into a hypercube as an induced subgraph. Furthermore, we show that the Clar covering polynomial of $G$ with respect to $\mathcal F$ is equal to the cube polynomial of the resonance graph $R(G;\mathcal F)$, which generalizes previous results on some subfamilies of plane graphs.
Effectiveness of Structure Teaching Program on Knowledge Regarding Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome among Undergraduate Female Students – Narrative Review
Creators: name: Lamnunnem Haokip
name: Ringkangmai Liangkiuwiliu
name: Sapam Debika Devi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Polycystic ovarian syndrome, Hirsutism, Dyslipidaemia, Acanthesis Nigricans, Hyperandrogenism.

description: Abstract
Introduction: The hormonal condition known as PCOS, or polycystic ovarian syndrome, is most prevalent in women between the ages of 18 and 45. Infertility, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, amenorrhea, and signs of hyperandrogenism (HA) are among the possible signs of PCOS. An extended period of continuous anovulation appears to be the underlying cause. Aim: The study's objective was to increase public knowledge of the benefits of using medical professionals for early PCOS detection and management. Methodology: Adopting a quasi-experimental two group pre- and post-test design, the impact of a structured training curriculum on female undergraduate students' understanding of polycystic ovarian syndrome was investigated. The study's target population consisted of female undergraduate students. The sample size of 60 was determined by applying the study's objectives and underlying assumptions to the data analysis. The data was analysed using the Statistical Package EZR - Software version 2.4. Result: The experimental group's pre-test knowledge scores were 12.40 ± 5.19, while the control groups were 11.77 ± 4.36 for the female students. The post-test knowledge scores of the experimental group were statistically significantly different from those of the control group (p=0.00), with the experimental group's mean scores being 23.53±3.51 and the control group's being 14.53±2.93. Outcome: The findings suggest that adolescents need to understand PCOS to understand disease conditions and obtain the right treatment to prevent the development of other life-threatening conditions and infertility in the future.
Enhancement of synthetic magnetic field induced nonreciprocity via bound states in continuum in dissipatively coupled systems
Creators: name: Biehs, S. -A.
name: Agarwal, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonreciprocal propagation of light typically requires use of materials like ferrites or magneto-optical media with a strong magnetic bias or methods based on material nonlinearities which require use of strong electromagnetic fields. A simpler possibility to produce nonreciprocity is to use spatio-temporal modulations to produce magnetic fields in synthetic dimensions. In this paper we show that dissipatively coupled systems can lead to considerable enhancement of nonreciprocity in synthetic fields. The enhancement comes about from the existence of nearly nondecaying mode -bound state in continuum (BIC) in dissipatively coupled systems. The dissipative coupling occurs in a wide class of systems coupled via transmission lines, waveguides, or nano fibers. The systems could be optical resonators or microscopic qubits. Remarkably we find that for specific choice of the modulation amplitudes, the transmission say in forward direction is completely extinguished whereas in the backward direction it becomes maximum. The synthetic fields produce transmission resonances which show significant line narrowing which owe their origin to existence of BIC's in dissipative systems.
Dynamical Constraints on Exoplanets
Creators: name: Horner, Jonti
name: Wittenmyer, Robert A.
name: Tinney, Chris
name: Hinse, Tobias C.
name: Marshall, Jonathan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical studies of new exoplanet systems are a critical component of the discovery and characterisation process. Such studies can provide firmer constraints on the parameters of the newly discovered planets, and may even reveal that the proposed planets do not stand up to dynamical scrutiny. Here, we demonstrate how dynamical studies can assist the characterisation of such systems through two examples: QS Virginis and HD 73526.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication as part of the peer reviewed proceedings of IAU Symposium No. 299, entitled "Exploring the Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems"
The embedding conjecture and the approximation conjecture in higher dimension
Creators: name: Fiacchi, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we show the equivalence among three conjectures (and related open questions), namely, the embedding of univalent maps of the unit ball into Loewner chains, the approximation of univalent maps with entire univalent maps and the immersion of domain biholomorphic to the ball in a Runge way into Fatou-Bieberbach domains.
Reliability Scores from Saliency Map Clusters for Improved Image-based Harvest-Readiness Prediction in Cauliflower
Creators: name: Kierdorf, Jana
name: Roscher, Ribana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cauliflower is a hand-harvested crop that must fulfill high-quality standards in sales making the timing of harvest important. However, accurately determining harvest-readiness can be challenging due to the cauliflower head being covered by its canopy. While deep learning enables automated harvest-readiness estimation, errors can occur due to field-variability and limited training data. In this paper, we analyze the reliability of a harvest-readiness classifier with interpretable machine learning. By identifying clusters of saliency maps, we derive reliability scores for each classification result using knowledge about the domain and the image properties. For unseen data, the reliability can be used to (i) inform farmers to improve their decision-making and (ii) increase the model prediction accuracy. Using RGB images of single cauliflower plants at different developmental stages from the GrowliFlower dataset, we investigate various saliency mapping approaches and find that they result in different quality of reliability scores. With the most suitable interpretation tool, we adjust the classification result and achieve a 15.72% improvement of the overall accuracy to 88.14% and a 15.44% improvement of the average class accuracy to 88.52% for the GrowliFlower dataset.
description: Preprint, 8 pages, 6 figures
Dirac half-semimetallicity and antiferromagnetism in graphene nanoribbon/hexagonal boron nitride heterojunctions
Creators: name: Tepliakov, Nikita V.
name: Ma, Ruize
name: Lischner, Johannes
name: Kaxiras, Efthimios
name: Mostofi, Arash A.
name: Pizzochero, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Half-metals have been envisioned as active components in spintronic devices by virtue of their completely spin-polarized electrical currents. Actual materials hosting half-metallic phases, however, remain scarce. Here, we predict that recently fabricated heterojunctions of zigzag nanoribbons embedded in two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride are half-semimetallic, featuring fully spin-polarized Dirac points at the Fermi level. The half-semimetallicity originates from the transfer of charges from hexagonal boron nitride to the embedded graphene nanoribbon. These charges give rise to opposite energy shifts of the states residing at the two edges while preserving their intrinsic antiferromagnetic exchange coupling. Upon doping, an antiferromagnetic-to-ferrimagnetic phase transition occurs in these heterojunctions, with the sign of the excess charge controlling the spatial localization of the net magnetic moments. Our findings demonstrate that such heterojunctions realize tunable one-dimensional conducting channels of spin-polarized Dirac fermions that are seamlessly integrated into a two-dimensional insulator, thus holding promise for the development of carbon-based spintronics.
Unsustainable Development in the Mekong: The Price of Hydropower
Creators: name: Ho, Ezra
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Sustainable development--Evaluation
Water-power
Sustainability
Renewable energy sources
Hydrology

description: Since the first Earth Summit, “sustainable development” has entered the lexicon of development and global change. However, far from being useful in guiding socially and environmentally sensitive development, sustainable development has remained an elusive notion. The recent conceptualisation of a set of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), replacing the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) shows promise of a framework to unify and operationalise the concept of “sustainable development”. Examining hydropower development in the socially diverse and ecologically complex Mekong River basin, I illustrate the challenges for sustainable development. By using the SDG framework, I highlight the unsustainable trajectory of development in the Mekong basin.
Additional file 1 of The transcriptomic landscape of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense during magnetosome biomineralization
Creators: name: Riese, Cornelius N.
name: Wittchen, Manuel
name: Jérôme, Valérie
name: Freitag, Ruth
name: Busche, Tobias
name: Kalinowski, Jörn
name: Schüler, Dirk
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Cell growth and magnetic response (Cmag) under A) anoxic (dO2 0%, 10 mM nitrate), B) oxic (dO2 95%, 4 mM ammonium), C) microoxic (dO2 1%, 4 mM nitrate), D) oxic with nitrate (dO2 95%, 4 mM nitrate) conditions. (Scale bar 1 μm). Growth (black and grey lines) and Cmag (colored lines) were depicted for each replicate (circles, diamonds and triangles). The black arrow indicates the sampling timepoint for the RNA-seq experiments.
Queergottesdienste: Neue Formen der Spiritualität oder (nur) Wohlfühlabend der einsamen Herzen?
Creators: name: Weible, Marcus
name: Kunze, Axel Bernd
Publisher: name: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie
Year: 1970

description: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Bd. 10 Nr. 1 (2003): Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Band 10, Heft 1
Information reduction in a reverberatory neuronal network through convergence to complex oscillatory firing patterns
Creators: name: Vidybida, A.
name: Shchur, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study dynamics of a reverberating neural net by means of computer simulation. The net, which is composed of 9 leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neurons arranged in a square lattice, is fully connected with interneuronal communication delay proportional to the corresponding distance. The network is initially stimulated with different stimuli and then goes freely. For each stimulus, in the course of free evolution, activity either dies out completely or the network converges to a periodic trajectory, which may be different for different stimuli. The latter is observed for a set of 285290 initial stimuli which constitutes 83% of all stimuli applied. By applying each stimulus from the set, we found 102 different periodic end-states. By analyzing the trajectories, we conclude that neuronal firing is the necessary prerequisite for merging different trajectories into a single one, which eventually transforms into a periodic regime. Observed phenomena of self-organization in the time domain are discussed as a possible model for processes taking place during perception. The repetitive firing in the periodic regimes could underpin memory formation.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables, manuscript accepted by Biosystems. Content of this work was presented at the Twelvth International Neural Coding Workshop in Cologne, Germany
Polarization hydrodynamics in a one-dimensional polariton condensate
Creators: name: Larré, P. -É
name: Pavloff, N.
name: Kamchatnov, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the hydrodynamics of a nonresonantly-pumped polariton condensate in a quasi-one-dimensional quantum wire taking into account the spin degree of freedom. We clarify the relevance of the Landau criterion for superfluidity in this dissipative two-component system. Two Cherenkov-like critical velocities are identified corresponding to the opening of different channels of radiation: one of (damped) density fluctuations and another of (weakly damped) polarization fluctuations. We determine the drag force exerted onto an external obstacle and propose experimentally measurable consequences of the specific features of the fluctuations of polarization.
JCMT/SCUBA-2 uncovers an excess of $850μ$m counts on megaparsec scales around high-redshift quasars. Characterization of the overdensities and their alignment with the quasars' Ly$α$ nebulae
Creators: name: Battaia, Fabrizio Arrigoni
name: Obreja, Aura
name: Chen, Chian-Chou
name: Nowotka, Marta
name: Fumagalli, Michele
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
name: Yang, Yujin
name: Cai, Zheng
name: Muñoz-Elgueta, Nahir
name: Fossati, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conducted a systematic survey of the environment of high-z quasars at submillimeter wavelengths to unveil and characterize the surrounding distribution of dusty submillimeter galaxies (SMGs). We took sensitive JCMT/SCUBA-2 observations for 3 enormous Lyman-alpha nebulae (ELANe) and 17 quasar fields in the redshift range 24 or detected in both bands at S/N>3. We ran Monte Carlo simulations to construct 850$μ$m number counts and unveil an excess of sources in 75% of the targeted fields. Overall, regions around ELANe and quasars are overabundant with respect to blank fields by a factor of $3.4\pm0.4$ and $2.5\pm0.2$, respectively. Therefore, the excess of SMGs is likely part of the Mpc-scale environment around these systems. By combining all fields and repeating the count analysis in radial apertures, we find a decrease in the overdensity factor from >3 within $\sim 2$ cMpc to $\sim2$ at the edge of the surveyed field ($\sim10$ cMpc), suggesting that the physical extent of the overdensities is larger than our maps. We computed preferred directions for the overdensities of SMGs from the positions of the sources and used them to orient and create stacked maps of source densities for the quasars' environment. This stacking unveils an elongated structure reminiscent of a large-scale filament with a scale width of $\approx 3$ cMpc. Finally, the directions of the overdensities are roughly aligned with the major axis of the Ly$α$ nebulae, suggesting that the latter trace, on hundreds of kpc, the central regions of the projected large-scale structure described by the SMGs on Mpc scales. Confirming member associations of the SMGs is required to further characterize their spatial and kinematic distribution around ELANe and quasars.
description: 37 pages, 12 figures, 8 appendix; A&A in press
Variation of the fine structure constant in the light of recent helium abundance measurement
Creators: name: Seto, Osamu
name: Takahashi, Tomo
name: Toda, Yo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that the recent result of primordial helium-4 ($^4$He) abundance measurement by EMPRESS, which has reported a smaller $^4$He abundance than other measurements, can be well fitted by assuming a time-variation of the fine structure constant $α$ which is slightly smaller than the present value during big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). We find that the EMPRESS result in combination with deuterium abundance measurement indicates $-2.6\% <Δα/α<-1.4 \%$ (68\% C.L.) where $Δα$ is the difference between the values of $α$ at the BBN and present epochs, while $-1.2\% <Δα/α<0.4 \%$ (68\% C.L.) is obtained from other previous $^4$He abundance data. We also investigate its effects in the framework where the effective number of neutrino species and the lepton asymmetry, which are other typical interpretations of the EMPRESS result, are allowed to vary. Once a smaller $α$ is adopted, the EMPRESS result can be explained without assuming any non-standard values for the effective number of neutrino species and lepton asymmetry.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Asteroseismic investigation on KIC 10526294 to probe convective core overshoot mixing
Creators: name: Zhang, Qian-Sheng
name: Yan, Li
name: Tao, Wu
name: Chen, Jiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the overshoot mixing model with an exponentially decreasing diffusion coefficient, the initial value of the diffusion coefficient plays a crucial role. According to the turbulent convective mixing model, the characteristic length of convection in the convection zone differs from that in the overshoot region, resulting in a rapid decrease of the diffusion coefficient near the convective boundary. To investigate this quick decrease, we conducted an asteroseismic study on the intermediate-mass SPB star KIC 10526294. We generated stellar models with varied input parameters, including the overshoot parameters, and compared the resulting stellar oscillation periods with observations. To mitigate the potential issue arising from large steps in the stellar parameters and stellar age, we employed a comprehensive interpolation scheme for the stellar oscillatory frequencies, considering all stellar parameters and stellar age. Our analysis revealed that the quick decreasing of the diffusion coefficient has discernible effects on the stellar oscillations and a quick decrease with 4 magnitude orders shows the best oscillatory frequencies compared with the observations. This provides weak evidence in support of the prediction made by the turbulent convective mixing model. Furthermore, we examined the residuals of the oscillation periods and discovered a potential association between abundance anomalies in the buoyancy frequency profile and the oscillation-like patterns observed in the residuals.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
The influence of planetesimal fragmentation on planet formation
Creators: name: Kaufmann, Nicolas
name: Alibert, Yann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The effects of planetesimal fragmentation on planet formation has been studied by various models on single embryos therefore neglecting concurrent effects mostly in the outer disk. They show that planetesimal fragmentation can both hinder or aid planet formation due to the introduction of competing effects, namely speeding up accretion and depleting the feeding zone of forming planets. Aims. We investigate the influence of the collisional fragmentation of planetesimals on the planet formation process using a population synthesis approach. We aim to investigate its effects for a large set of initial conditions and also explore the consequences on the formation of multiple embryos in the same disk. Methods. We run global planet formation simulations including fragmentation, drift and an improved ice line description. To do this we use a fragmentation model in our code. The initial conditions for the simulations that are informed by observations are varied to generate synthetic exoplanet populations. Results. Our synthetic populations show that depending on the typical size of solids generated in collisions, fragmentation in tandem with the radial drift can either enhance or hinder planet formation. For larger fragments we see increased accretion throughout the populations especially beyond the ice line. However, the shorter drift timescale of smaller fragments, due to their stronger coupling to the gas, can hinder the formation process. Furthermore, beyond the ice line fragmentation promotes late growth when the damping by gas drag fades Conclusions. Fragmentation significantly affects the planet formation process in various ways for all types of planet and warrants further investigation.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 22 pages, 16 figures
First results from the CALYPSO IRAM-PdBI survey. I. Kinematics of the inner envelope of NGC1333-IRAS2A
Creators: name: Maret, S.
name: Belloche, A.
name: Maury, A. J.
name: Gueth, F.
name: André, Ph.
name: Cabrit, S.
name: Codella, C.
name: Bontemps, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure and kinematics of Class 0 protostars on scales of a few hundred AU is poorly known. Recent observations have revealed the presence of Keplerian disks with a diameter of 150-180 AU in L1527-IRS and VLA1623A, but it is not clear if such disks are common in Class 0 protostars. Here we present high-angular-resolution observations of two methanol lines in NGC1333-IRAS2A. We argue that these lines probe the inner envelope, and we use them to study the kinematics of this region. Our observations suggest the presence of a marginal velocity gradient normal to the direction of the outflow. However, the position velocity diagrams along the gradient direction appear inconsistent with a Keplerian disk. Instead, we suggest that the emission originates from the infalling and perhaps slowly rotating envelope, around a central protostar of 0.1-0.2 M$_\odot$. If a disk is present, it is smaller than the disk of L1527-IRS, perhaps suggesting that NGC1333-IRAS2A is younger.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A letters
Variation of Pressure-Induced Valence Transition with Approximation Degree in Yb-Based Quasicrystalline Approximants
Creators: name: Imura, Keiichiro
name: Yoneyama, Yuki
name: Ando, Hideyuki
name: Kabeya, Noriyuki
name: Yamaoka, Hitoshi
name: Hiraoka, Nozomu
name: Ishii, Hirofumi
name: Ishimasa, Tsutomu
name: Sato, Noriaki K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have synthesized new Tsai-type Yb-based intermediate-valence approximant crystals (ACs) with different degree of approximation to quasicrystal, Zn--Au--Yb 1/1 and 2/1 AC, and studied the external pressure effect on their Yb mean-valence $ν$. Whereas 1/1 AC distinctly exhibits a first-order-like jump in $ν$ at a transition pressure $P_{\rm v}$, 2/1 AC only shows an indistinct anomaly at $P_{\rm v}$. We have also studied the pressure dependence of the $ν$ of Au--Al--Yb 1/1 AC, which is a prototypal AC exhibiting pressure-induced quantum criticality. It shows a continuous valence anomaly at a critical pressure $P_{\rm c}$ where the magnetic susceptibility diverges toward zero temperature, in contrast to the valence jump in the Zn--Au--Yb 1/1 AC. These results are discussed based on a theoretical model of quantum critical valence fluctuation.
Additional file 3 of The transcriptomic landscape of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense during magnetosome biomineralization
Creators: name: Riese, Cornelius N.
name: Wittchen, Manuel
name: Jérôme, Valérie
name: Freitag, Ruth
name: Busche, Tobias
name: Kalinowski, Jörn
name: Schüler, Dirk
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Comparison between promoter motives of TSS located within (inMAI) and outside (exMAI) of the magnetosome island, cultivated under anoxic (0% dO2) and oxic (95% dO2) conditions. The motif logos were created with Weblogo [58].
Aberrant Lymphatic Endothelial Progenitors in Lymphatic Malformation Development
Creators: name: Wu, June K.
name: Kitajewski, Christopher
name: Reiley, Maia
name: Keung, Connie Heng-Hung
name: Monteagudo, Julie
name: Kandel, Jessica J.
name: Andrews, John P.
name: Wong, Alvin
name: Thirumoorthi, Arul
name: Liou, Peter
name: Shawber, Carrie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Endothelial cells
Cell differentiation
Vascular endothelium
Stem cells
Lymphatics--Diseases
Cytology

description: Lymphatic malformations (LMs) are vascular anomalies thought to arise from dysregulated lymphangiogenesis. These lesions impose a significant burden of disease on affected individuals. LM pathobiology is poorly understood, hindering the development of effective treatments. In the present studies, immunostaining of LM tissues revealed that endothelial cells lining aberrant lymphatic vessels and cells in the surrounding stroma expressed the stem cell marker, CD133, and the lymphatic endothelial protein, podoplanin. Isolated patient-derived CD133+ LM cells expressed stem cell genes (NANOG, Oct4), circulating endothelial cell precursor proteins (CD90, CD146, c-Kit, VEGFR-2), and lymphatic endothelial proteins (podoplanin, VEGFR-3). Consistent with a progenitor cell identity, CD133+ LM cells were multipotent and could be differentiated into fat, bone, smooth muscle, and lymphatic endothelial cells in vitro. CD133+ cells were compared to CD133− cells isolated from LM fluids. CD133− LM cells had lower expression of stem cell genes, but expressed circulating endothelial precursor proteins and high levels of lymphatic endothelial proteins, VE-cadherin, CD31, podoplanin, VEGFR-3 and Prox1. CD133− LM cells were not multipotent, consistent with a differentiated lymphatic endothelial cell phenotype. In a mouse xenograft model, CD133+ LM cells differentiated into lymphatic endothelial cells that formed irregularly dilated lymphatic channels, phenocopying human LMs. In vivo, CD133+ LM cells acquired expression of differentiated lymphatic endothelial cell proteins, podoplanin, LYVE1, Prox1, and VEGFR-3, comparable to expression found in LM patient tissues. Taken together, these data identify a novel LM progenitor cell population that differentiates to form the abnormal lymphatic structures characteristic of these lesions, recapitulating the human LM phenotype. This LM progenitor cell population may contribute to the clinically refractory behavior of LMs.
Is Gauge Mediation in the Swampland?
Creators: name: Dalianis, Ioannis
name: Farakos, Fotis
name: Kehagias, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We note that the typical gauge mediation of supersymmetry breaking is in tension with the global limit of the festina lente swampland bound. The alternatives are mediation/breaking schemes that decouple together with gravity, as for example gravity mediation, for which we highlight some basic phenomenological properties. Gauge mediation remains instead a viable mechanism only in models where supersymmetry is restored in the global limit, as for example in no-scale supergravity.
description: 7 pages, accepted in PLB
Queergemeinde als Gemeinschaft der Heiligen
Creators: name: Terhart, Georg
name: Thoden, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie
Year: 1970

description: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Bd. 10 Nr. 1 (2003): Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Band 10, Heft 1
Impact of central mixing scheme and nuclear reaction network on the extent of convective cores
Creators: name: Noll, Anthony
name: Deheuvels, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Convective cores are the hydrogen reservoirs of main sequence stars that are more massive than around 1.2 solar masses. The characteristics of the cores have a strong impact on the evolution and structure of the star. However, such results rely on stellar evolution codes, in which simplistic assumptions are often made on the physics in the core. Indeed, mixing is commonly considered to be instantaneous and the most basic nuclear networks assume beryllium at its equilibrium abundance. Those assumptions lead to significant differences in the central composition of the elements for which the timescale to reach nuclear equilibrium is lower than the convective timescale. In this work, we show that those discrepancies impact the nuclear energy production and, therefore, the size of convective cores in models computed with overshoot. We find that cores computed with instantaneous mixing are up to 30% bigger than those computed with diffusive mixing. Similar differences are found when using basic nuclear networks. Additionally, we observed an extension of the duration of the main sequence due to those core size differences. We then investigated the impact of those structural differences on the seismic modeling of solar-like oscillators. Modeling two stars observed by Kepler, we find that the overshoot parameter of the best models computed with a basic nuclear network is significantly lower, compared to models computed with a full nuclear network. This work is a necessary step in improving the modeling of convective cores, which is key to determining accurate ages in the framework of future space missions such as Plato.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, accepted in A&A. Second version changes title and corrects language