cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Associations of variability in body mass index with cardiovascular outcomes in the general population
Creators: name: Ansari, Akram
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: In this post hoc analysis involving patients with established coronary artery disease who participated in the TNT trial, fluctuations in body weight were strongly associated with the risk of cardiovascular events and even death. Moreover, body-weight variability was associated with the risk of new-onset diabetes. The associations observed were independent of the mean body weight and appeared to be independent of traditional risk factors. In patients without cardiovascular disease, obesity is a major risk factor for insulin resistance, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, heart failure, and coronary heart disease. In addition, weight gain is associated with an increased risk of illness and death. Dramatic weight loss, as seen after bariatric surgery, has been shown to produce clinically significant improvements related to the risk of cardiovascular disease, including reductions in the risk of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes. As such, weight loss is an important lifestyle intervention. However, in patients with established cardiovascular disease, an obesity paradox has been described in which some adverse findings occur less frequently among those who are overweight or obese than among those of normal weight. In an analysis of the International Verapamil SR-Trandolapril (INVEST) study, a trial involving 22,576 patients with known coronary artery disease, mortality was 30% lower among overweight and obese patients, despite the fact that they had less effective blood-pressure control than a comparative group of patients of normal weight. Similar findings have been described in patients with heart failure and those with coronary artery disease. The concept of an obesity paradox has been debated, and the findings that support it have been attributed to selection bias and confounding. Indeed, weight loss as a lifestyle intervention is recommended in obese patients, even for those with established cardiovascular disease. Although weight loss is recommended, the usual pattern for most patients attempting intentional weight loss is weight loss followed by weight gain. The question of whether such fluctuation is detrimental to health is controversial. In an analysis from the Framingham Heart Study involving patients without known cardiovascular disease, highly variable body weights were associated with higher mortality and morbidity related to coronary heart disease. However, other cohort studies have failed to confirm these findings. Whether weight fluctuation affects prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease — for whom there is emphasis on lifestyle intervention— is not known.
An Evolutionary Pathway for the Quantum Internet Relying on Secure Classical Repeaters
Creators: name: Long, Gui-Lu
name: Pan, Dong
name: Sheng, Yu-Bo
name: Xue, Qikun
name: Lu, Jianhua
name: Hanzo, Lajos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Until quantum repeaters become mature, quantum networks remain restricted either to limited areas of directly connected nodes or to nodes connected to a common node. We circumvent this limitation by conceiving quantum networks using secure classical repeaters combined with the quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) principle, which is a compelling form of quantum communication that directly transmits information over quantum channel. The final component of this promising solution is our classical quantum-resistant algorithm. Explicitly, in these networks, the ciphertext gleaned from a quantum-resistant algorithm is transmitted using QSDC along the nodes, where it is read out and then transmitted to the next node. At the repeaters, the information is protected by our quantum-resistant algorithm, which is secure even in the face of a quantum computer. Hence, our solution offers secure end-to-end communication across the entire network, since it is capable of both eavesdropping detection and prevention in the emerging quantum internet. It is compatible with operational networks, and will enjoy the compelling services of the popular Internet, including authentication. Hence, it smoothens the transition from the classical Internet to the Quantum Internet (Qinternet) by following a gradual evolutionary upgrade. It will act as an alternative network in quantum computing networks in the future. We have presented the first experimental demonstration of a secure classical repeater based hybrid quantum network constructed by a serial concatenation of an optical fiber and free-space communication link. In conclusion, secure repeater networks may indeed be constructed using existing technology and continue to support a seamless evolutionary pathway to the future Qinternet of quantum computers.
Waiting for the Site to Show Up. Henry Luce Makes Frank Lloyd Wright America’s Greatest Architect
Creators: name: Naegele, Daniel
Publisher: name: Histories of Postwar Architecture
Year: 2017
Subjects: Frank Lloyd Wright; Henry Luce; architecture and photography; Fallingwater; architecture and publicity

description: Henry Luce, owner of “Life”, “Time”, “Fortune” and “Architectural Forum”, recognized Frank Lloyd Wright’s immense charisma and talent and featured both the architect and his work in all four of his renowned popular press journals in January 1938 – though clearly he did so for his own ends. Luce believed fervently in America. In 1937, the German architects Mies van der Rohe and Walter Gropius migrated to the USA to assume leadership of two of its nest schools of architecture. Luce countered this promotion of European architecture by featuring Wright in his four journals. Despite Wright’s immense unpopularity at the time, Luce put him on the cover of “Time” and prominently presented him and his work in “Life”, “Fortune”, and “Architectural Forum”. That Luce’s ideals were not the same as those of Wright mattered little. With Luce’s endorsement, Wright became the most popular American architect in history, a position he retains to this day. But how very odd that decidedly arti cial mediation could so effectively disseminate and popularize an architecture whose essence was authenticity.
description: Histories of Postwar Architecture, Issue 0 (2017)
Oklahoma: An Index to the State Official Sources of Agricultural Statistics, Including a List of the Unofficial Sources of Oklahoma Agricultural Statistics
Creators: name: Wright, Icelle E.
name: Walters, Margaret
name: Wright, Icelle E.
name: Walters, Margaret
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1927
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries
Production Economics
Productivity Analysis

description: Excerpts from the report: This is the second of the series of indexes or source books of agricultural statistics which is in progress. This index for Oklahoma is issued in cooperation with the Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College, the work of compilation being done by Icelle E. Wright, Assistant Librarian of that college. State official sources of agricultural statistics have been indexed in so far as these sources were available in the libraries of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, the Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College, the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, the Oklahoma Historical Society, the University of Oklahoma, the Carnegie Library, Oklahoma City, and the Library of Congress. With the exception of certain publications of the U. S. Bureau of Census and a bulletin of the U. S. Geological Survey, which deal wholly with Oklahoma or the Indian Territory, no Federal publications have been indexed. Publications issued by private and commercial agencies have not been indexed but an annotated List of the Unofficial Sources of Oklahoma Agricultural Statistics compiled by Margaret Walters, Reference Librarian of the Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College, has been included as a supplement to the Official Sources.
Eduardo Torroja. 1949 Strategy to Industrialise Housing in Post-World War II
Creators: name: Cassinello, Pepa
Publisher: name: Histories of Postwar Architecture
Year: 2017
Subjects: housing; industrialization; construction; competition; strategy

description: The huge housing demand existing in Spain in 1949 could not be met by traditional construction systems. The severe social problem thus generated was not exclusive to Spain: the countries that had participated in World War II were facing the same challenge, i.e., the need to build large numbers of housing units in record time. Industrialised systems consequently underwent intense development, generating a wide range of alternatives specific to the material and industrial resources and policies in place in each country. In that year, Eduardo Torroja, director of the institute that now bears his name, organised an unprecedented international competition around industrialised housing. A total of 89 designs were submitted by authors from 17 countries. The aim was to establish industrialised housing systems specifically intended for Spain. That competition, today a nearly forgotten chapter in the history of housing industrialisation, is one of the three most significant milestones in Eduardo Torroja’s strategy to drive progress in housing construction. The absence of a single awardee did not detract from the effectiveness of this international competition. Torroja acquired a wealth of relevant information on the most advanced construction systems and patents in use in other countries to build low-cost housing. He also obtained the results of international reflection on how to solve this problem in Spain. This final factor strengthened and broadened the role played by Torroja’s institute as scientific ambassador.
description: Histories of Postwar Architecture, Issue 0 (2017)
Belonging as a Corporate Ideal: Nathaniel A. Owings of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill writes The Spaces in Between (1973)
Creators: name: Adams, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Histories of Postwar Architecture
Year: 2017
Subjects: Nathaniel A. Owings; Louis Skidmore; Skidmore Owings & Merrill (SOM); Gordon Bunshaft; architect’s autobiography; corporate life and culture; american corporation; Library of Congress

description: A study of the autobiography of the American architect Nathaniel A. Owings (1903–1984), founder of the architectural firm Skidmore Owings & Merrill (SOM). In The Spaces in Between: An Architect’s Journey (Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1973) Owings recounts his life from his youth in Indianapolis, Indiana to the foundation of the firm that bears his name in 1936, to the development and expansion of that firm and its role in the construction of large and important post-war buildings (Lever House, New York, 1952; John Hancock Center, Chicago, 1967) and many others. Using a manuscript copy of the text in the Library of Congress, Washington, the article shows Owings’ tortuous experience writing the book. Letters exchanged with the editor, Ruth Hapgood and others are analyzed. A comparison between manuscript and printed version of the book reveals significant differences that probably result from the intervention of SOM’s lawyer, Gross Sampsell. The story Owings wanted to tell was racier and would have been more interesting to readers; the book he published was a compromise, designed to avoid law suits and maintain good relations with colleagues at SOM. Keeping his relation with his colleagues was, in the end, more important to Owings than a spicy narrative.
description: Histories of Postwar Architecture, Issue 0 (2017)
Cortisol response under low intensity exercise during cognitive-behavioral therapy is associated with therapy outcome in Panic Disorder – an exploratory study
Creators: name: Wintermann, Gloria-Beatrice
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences

description: Investigating the salivary cortisol and heart rate response in patients with Panic Disorder and healthy controls and associate the physiologic stress responses with psychopathology, before and after cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Organic or functional?
Creators: name: Rouillard, Dominique
Publisher: name: Histories of Postwar Architecture
Year: 2017
Subjects: chaotism; styling; uncertainty; consumption of architecture; architecture as media

description: In 1952 the MoMa organized the exhibition Built in the USA. Post-war Architecture: a strong affirmation that the battle for the modern architecture had been won. In 1960, less than ten years later, Philip Johnson declared it “terribly boring”, welcoming the “juicy caos” that he observed in the contemporary American architecture. The paper focuses on what was happened during the fifties, looking through the time-old debate between “organic” and “functional”, analyzing in particular the trajectory of Eero Saarinen. Against the myth of the recherche patiente and the extreme coherence of the Mies buildings, the “style for the job” proposed by Saarinen posed a new question to the critics, along the outbreaking buildings of the ‘new’ Louis I. Kahn, or the folies of Morris Lapidus along the east coast.
description: Histories of Postwar Architecture, Issue 0 (2017)
Computational Indentation in Highly Cross-linked Polymer Networks
Creators: name: Maurya, Manoj Kumar
name: Ruscher, Céline
name: Mukherji, Debashish
name: Singh, Manjesh Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Indentation is a common experimental technique to study the mechanics of polymeric materials. The main advantage of using indentation is because this provides a direct correlation between the microstructure and the small-scale mechanical response, which is otherwise difficult within the standard tensile testing. Here, majority of studies have investigated hydrogels, microgels and/or elastomers. However, a lesser investigated system is the indentation in highly cross-linked polymer (HCP) networks, where the complex network structure plays a key role in dictating their physical properties. In this work, we investigate the structure-property relationship in HCP networks using the computational indentation of a generic model. We establish a correlation between the local bond breaking, the network rearrangement, and the small-scale mechanics. The results are compared with the elastic-plastic deformation model. HCPs harden upon indentation.
Modernism
Creators: name: McLeod, Mary
Publisher: name: Histories of Postwar Architecture
Year: 2017
Subjects: Modernism

description: Today we use the word “modernism” when we refer to modern architecture or the Modern Movement, or to what German and Dutch practitioners used to call Neues Bauen or Nieuwe Bouwe. Now, we even say “early modernism” (pre-World War I) and “late modernism” (post-World War II), and even occasionally “high” and “classic” modernism (a seeming oxymoron), echoing the terms that art historians commonly use to characterize certain styles, such as early and late Renaissance. The question is why. Although this shift in vocabulary seems to have occurred almost unconsciously, it might be seen as indicating how the notion of modern architecture itself changed during the twentieth century: from a living movement committed to speci c values and aspirations to a codi ed style and cultural period of the past, usually the two decades between the world wars.
description: Histories of Postwar Architecture, Issue 0 (2017)
Vortex solutions in the presence of Dark Portals
Creators: name: Arias, Paola
name: Arza, Ariel
name: Schaposnik, Fidel A.
name: Vargas-Arancibia, Diego
name: Venegas, Moira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of hidden sectors weakly coupled to the visible one has been extensively studied as a way to extend the Standard Model (SM) and to provide a good dark matter candidate. In this work we analyze two models in which gauge and scalar hidden fields interact with the visible sector which, for simplicity we take as an Abelian Higgs model. In one of them, the hidden sector consists of an uncharged scalar. The connection with the visible Abelian Higgs sector is in this case provided by the interaction between the scalars in the two sectors and also by the coupling between the hidden scalar and the visible squared field strength. This model can be seen as an extension of previously studied ones both in high energy and in condensed matter physics and the solutions that we find indicate that it could be relevant in connection to establishing the dark matter relic density. In the second model, both sectors correspond to spontaneously broken gauge theories and hence they feature classical vortex solutions. Introducing three different portals between the two sectors, we analyze the dependence of the model dynamics on the portal parameters and discuss the physical implications in connection with dark matter and gravitational radiation issues.
description: Matches the final version published in Int.J.Mod.Phys.A 37 (2022)
Electromagnetic and strong isospin breaking in light meson masses
Creators: name: Miramontes, Ángel S.
name: Alkofer, Reinhard
name: Fischer, Christian S.
name: Sanchis-Alepuz, Hèlios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study electromagnetic as well as strong isospin breaking effects in the isospin mass splittings of light pseudoscalar and vector mesons. To this end we employ a coupled system of quark Dyson-Schwinger and meson Bethe-Salpeter equations whose interaction kernels contain gluon, pion and photon exchange interactions. In bound states, QCD-induced isospin breaking is manifest on different levels. On the one hand, a different explicit up- and down-quark mass directly affects the propagators of the constituent quarks. On the other hand, it leads to different interaction kernels within the isospin multiplets. In addition, electromagnetic isospin breaking is induced via a photon exchange diagram. Using the kaon iso-doublet and the charged pion masses as input to determine the up, down and strange quark masses we find for the pion, kaon and rho meson mass splittings different patterns each. In particular, our results provide evidence that the effects from two sources of mass splittings, the different quark masses and the different quark charges, do not add up linearly.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Anonymous as a Theme of Discontinuity in the Culture of Italian Architecture between the First and Second Halves of the 20th Century
Creators: name: Leoni, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Histories of Postwar Architecture
Year: 2017
Subjects: anonymous vs personality; cosmopolitanism vs internationalism; Ernesto N. Rogers; Leonardo Ricci; Gabetti & Isola

description: The physical destruction of the architectural heritage as a result of the war and the experience of political and racial discrimination, then deportation, deeply marked the culture of Italian architecture during the transition between the first and second halves of the 20th century, changing its cultural sensitivity and paradigms. Among the themes that characterise the change there is the reflection on the Anonymous not as an appeal to popular architectural cultures instead of designer-based, but rather as a change in the structure of the creative personality of the designer in the relationship between individual conception of architectural form and the multipersonal dimension of architectural work.
description: Histories of Postwar Architecture, Issue 0 (2017)
Questions That History Cannot Answer. Three Positions from 1981
Creators: name: Van Gerrewey, Christophe
Publisher: name: Histories of Postwar Architecture
Year: 2017
Subjects: historiography; postwar architecture; criticism; theory of history; OMA/Rem Koolhaas

description: The relationship between history and architectural practice is complicated, specifically in the post-war period. By “reviewing” an issue of 1981 of the French magazine “AMC”, in this article some of the questions that history cannot answer are addressed. Three different positions (and three ways of dealing with history at the end of the 20th century), present in this issue of “AMC”, are examined: that of philosopher Hubert Damisch, of historian Manfredo Tafuri, and of OMA/Rem Koolhaas.
description: Histories of Postwar Architecture, Issue 0 (2017)
Two-mirror aplanatic telescopes with a flat field
Creators: name: Terebizh, V. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A complete description is given of two-mirror telescopes with a flat medial focal surface, on which the images of stars are circles of least confusion. Particular attention is paid to aplanats, since their field of view is noticeably larger than that of classical systems. Two sets of appropriate solutions correspond to Schwarzschild and Gregorian telescopes. As a result, it becomes possible to use flat light detectors with wide-field two-mirror telescopes. New designs are of particular interest when as few reflective surfaces as possible are required, which is typical for space exploration and non-optical observations.
Elucidating the rho-meson's role as intermediate resonance in the time-like electromagnetic pion form factor
Creators: name: Alkofer, Reinhard
name: Miramontes, Angel S.
name: Sanchis-Alepuz, Helios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the planned measurements of the time-like electromagnetic proton form factors an exploratory study of the time-like electromagnetic pion form factor is presented in a formalism which describes mesons as Poincaré-invariant bound states. In the respective quark interaction kernel, beyond the gluon-intermediated interactions for valence-type quarks, non-valence effects are included by allowing the pions to couple back in a self-consistent manner to the quarks. Consequently, the opening of the dominant $ρ$ decay channel, $ρ\to ππ$, and the presence of a multi-particle branch cut, setting in when the two-pion threshold is crossed, are included consistently, first in the correspondingly calculated quark-photon vertex, and then consequently in the time-like electromagnetic pion form factor. The obtained results are in agreement with the available experimental data and provide further evidence for the efficacy of a vector-meson dominance model. Effects of going beyond the here employed isospin-symmetric limit are discussed. Last but not least, an outlook is provided on how to include in Poincaré-covariant Faddeev approaches the effects of intermediate resonances in the calculation of baryon properties.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures; submitted to EPJ Web of Conferences
Additional file 1 of Which behaviour change techniques are effective to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour in adults: a factorial randomized trial of an e- and m-health intervention
Creators: name: Schroé, Helene
name: Delfien Van Dyck
name: Paepe, Annick De
name: Poppe, Louise
name: Loh, Wen Wei
name: Maïté Verloigne
name: Loeys, Tom
name: Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse De
name: Crombez, Geert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Completed CONSORT 2010 checklist.
Lattice studies of the $Sp(4)$ gauge theory with two fundamental and three antisymmetric Dirac fermions
Creators: name: Bennett, Ed
name: Hong, Deog Ki
name: Hsiao, Ho
name: Lee, Jong-Wan
name: Lin, C. -J. David
name: Lucini, Biagio
name: Mesiti, Michele
name: Piai, Maurizio
name: Vadacchino, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the $Sp(4)$ gauge theory coupled to $N_f=2$ fundamental and $n_f=3$ antisymmetric flavours of Dirac fermions in four dimensions. This theory serves as the microscopic origin for composite Higgs models with $SU(4)/Sp(4)$ coset, supplemented by partial top compositeness. We study numerically its lattice realisation, and couple the fundamental plaquette action to Wilson-Dirac fermions in mixed representations, by adopting a (rational) hybrid Monte Carlo method, to perform non-trivial tests of the properties of the resulting lattice theory. We find evidence of a surface (with boundaries) of first-order bulk phase transitions in the three-dimensional space of bare parameters (one coupling and two masses). Explicit evaluation of the Dirac eigenvalues confirms the expected patterns of global symmetry breaking. After investigating finite volume effects in the weak-coupling phase of the theory, for the largest available lattice we study the mass spectra of the lightest spin-0 and spin-1 flavoured mesons composed of fermions in each representation, and of the lightest half-integer spin composite particle made of fermions in different representations -- the chimera baryon. This work sets the stage for future systematical studies of the non-perturbative dynamics in phenomenologically relevant regions of parameter space.
description: 44 pages, 20 figures, 6 tables; minor improvements and references added; version accepted for publication in PRD
Creating triple-NOON states with ultracold atoms via chaos-assisted tunneling
Creators: name: Vanhaele, Guillaume
name: Bäcker, Arnd
name: Ketzmerick, Roland
name: Schlagheck, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Triple-NOON states are superpositions of the form $e^{i φ_1} |{N,0,0}\rangle + e^{i φ_2} |{0,N,0}\rangle + e^{i φ_3} |{0,0,N}\rangle$ involving $N$ bosonic quanta distributed over three modes. We theoretically show how such highly entangled states can be generated with interacting ultracold bosonic atoms in a symmetric three-site lattice. The basic protocol consists in preparing all atoms on one site of the lattice and then letting the system evolve during a specific time such that collective tunneling of the atoms to the other two sites takes place. The key point put forward here is that this evolution time can be reduced by several orders of magnitude via the application of a periodic driving of the lattice, thereby rendering this protocol feasible in practice. This driving is suitably tuned such that classical chaos is generated in the entire accessible phase space except for the Planck cells that host the states participating at the above triple-NOON superposition. Chaos-assisted tunneling can then give rise to a dramatic speed-up of this collective tunneling process, without significantly affecting the purity of this superposition. A triple-NOON state containing $N = 5$ particles can thereby be realized with $^{87}$Rb atoms on time scales of the order of a few seconds.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
The Freight Car Situation and Prospects
Creators: name: Gerald, John O.
name: DeWolfe, Mildred R.
name: Gerald, John O.
name: DeWolfe, Mildred R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1966
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Agriculture, and especially grain producers and shippers, have a particular interest in the adequacy of rail transport services. Newspaper headlines of grain and lumber being stored on the ground in the Great Plains and Northwest; testimony of railroad executives, shipper representatives and government officials before Congressional committees in 1965 and 1966; and recent actions by widely scattered shippers, railroads, and government agencies all attest to the fact that there are shortages of railroad freight cars at the present time. In 1964 and 1965, U.S. Class I railroads spent almost $2.5 billion on equipment, yet such expenditures added only 2.7 percent to the carrying capacity of the nation's freight car supply. If shippers' demand for cars continues at recent levels, increases in equipment may not be sufficient to satisfy fully the needs for freight cars during the grain harvests of 1967. This article will present some of the factors which have brought about the current shortages of freight cars; some of the measures already taken that have helped to keep the situation from becoming even more desperate; and a few prospects as to changes in the situation in the immediate years ahead.
description: Reprinted from the Marketing and Transportation Situation November 1966
Picking the low-hanging fruit: testing new physics at scale with active learning
Creators: name: Rocamonde, Juan
name: Corpe, Louie
name: Zilgalvis, Gustavs
name: Avramidou, Maria
name: Butterworth, Jon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the discovery of the Higgs boson, testing the many possible extensions to the Standard Model has become a key challenge in particle physics. This paper discusses a new method for predicting the compatibility of new physics theories with existing experimental data from particle colliders. Using machine learning, the technique obtained comparable results to previous methods (>90% precision and recall) with only a fraction of their computing resources (<10%). This makes it possible to test models that were impossible to probe before, and allows for large-scale testing of new physics theories.
Introducing EMP-Pathfinder: modelling the simultaneous formation and evolution of stellar clusters in their host galaxies
Creators: name: Reina-Campos, Marta
name: Keller, Benjamin W.
name: Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik
name: Gensior, Jindra
name: Trujillo-Gomez, Sebastian
name: Jeffreson, Sarah M. R.
name: Pfeffer, Joel L.
name: Sills, Alison
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation and evolution of stellar clusters is intimately linked to that of their host galaxies. To study this connection, we present the EMP-Pathfinder suite of cosmological zoom-in Milky Way-mass simulations. These simulations contain a sub-grid description for stellar cluster formation and evolution, allowing us to study the simultaneous formation and evolution of stellar clusters alongside their host galaxies across cosmic time. As a key ingredient in these simulations, we include the physics of the multi-phase nature of the interstellar medium (ISM), which enables studies of how the presence of a cold, dense ISM affects cluster formation and evolution. We consider two different star formation prescriptions: a constant star formation efficiency per free-fall time, as well as an environmentally-dependent, turbulence-based prescription. We identify two key results drawn from these simulations. Firstly, we find that tidal shock-driven disruption caused by the graininess of the cold ISM produces old ($τ>10~$Gyr) stellar cluster populations with properties that are in excellent agreement with the observed populations in the Milky Way and M31. Importantly, the addition of the cold ISM addresses the areas of disagreement found in previous simulations that lacked the cold gas phase. Secondly, the formation of stellar clusters is extremely sensitive to the baryonic physics that govern the properties of the cold, dense gas reservoir in the galaxy. This implies that the demographics of stellar cluster populations represent an important diagnostic tool for constraining baryonic physics models in upcoming galaxy formation simulations that also include a description of the cold ISM.
description: 30 pages + appendices, 12 figures. MNRAS submitted, comments and suggestions welcome!
The effect of inter-particle hydrodynamic and magnetic interactions in a magnetorheological fluid
Creators: name: Kumaran, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A magnetorheological fluid, which consists of magnetic particles suspended in a viscous fluid, flows freely with well-dispersed particles in a the absence of a magnetic field, but particle aggregation results in flow cessation when a field is applied. The mechanism of dynamical arrest is examined by analysing interactions between magnetic particles in a magnetic field subject to a shear flow. An isolated spherical magnetic particle undergoes a transition between a rotating state at low magnetic field and a static orientation at high magnetic field. The effect of interactions for spherical dipolar and polarisable particles with static orientation is examined for a dilute viscous suspension. There are magnetic interactions due to the magnetic field disturbance at one particle caused by the dipole moment of another, hydrodynamic interactions due to the antisymmetric force moment of a non-rotating particle in a shear flow, and a modification of the magnetic field due to the particle magnetic moment density. When there is a concentration variation, the torque balance condition results in a disturbance to the orientation of the particle magnetic moment. The net force and the drift velocity due to these disturbances is calculated, and the collective motion generated is equivalent to an anisotropic diffusion process. When the magnetic field is in the flow plane, the diffusion coefficients in the two directions perpendicular to the field direction are negative, implying that concentration fluctuations are unstable in these directions. This instability could initiate field-induced dynamical arrest in a magnetorheological fluid.
Additional file 4 of Which behaviour change techniques are effective to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour in adults: a factorial randomized trial of an e- and m-health intervention
Creators: name: Schroé, Helene
name: Delfien Van Dyck
name: Paepe, Annick De
name: Poppe, Louise
name: Loh, Wen Wei
name: Maïté Verloigne
name: Loeys, Tom
name: Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse De
name: Crombez, Geert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Screenshots of the mobile application.
Gravitational dynamics in Higgs inflation: Preinflation and preheating with an auxiliary field
Creators: name: Joana, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of both the preinflationary and the preheating epochs for a model consisting of a Higgs inflaton plus an additional auxiliary field are studied in full General Relativity. The minimally coupled auxiliary field allows for parametric-type resonances that successfully transfer energy from the inflaton condensate to particle excitations in both fields. Depending on the interaction strengths of the fields, the broad resonance periods lead to structure formation consisting of large under/over-densities, and possibly the formation of compact objects. Moreover, when confronting the same model to multi-field inhomogeneous preinflation, the onset of inflation is shown to be a robust outcome. At relatively large Higgs values, the non-minimal coupling acts as a stabilizer, protecting the dynamics of the inflaton, and significantly reducing the impact of perturbations in other fields and matter sectors. These investigations further confirm the robustness of Higgs inflation to multi-field inhomogeneous initial conditions, while putting in evidence the formation of complex structures during the reheating.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures. Improved discussions, new supplementary figures and references added
(Re)Search Towards Exhibiting Architecture
Creators: name: Casciato, Maristella
Publisher: name: Histories of Postwar Architecture
Year: 2017
Subjects: architectural exhibitions; Getty Research Institute; Canadian Centre for Architecture; archive; research institutes

description: The aim of this text is to provide a reflection on my experience in exhibiting architecture based on research projects, considering my particular vintage point as scholar/curator, who has spent the past years as senior staff in major research institutes. It is indeed a unique circumstance, having been the Director Research at the Canadian Centre for Architecture (CCA) in Montreal, prior to move to become Senior Curator, Head of Architectural Collections at the Getty Research Institute (GRI) in Los Angeles.
description: Histories of Postwar Architecture, Issue 0 (2017)
Creating stars orbiting in AdS
Creators: name: Kaku, Youka
name: Murata, Keiju
name: Tsujimura, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to create a star orbiting in an asymptotically AdS spacetime using the AdS/CFT correspondence. We demonstrate that by applying an appropriate source in the quantum field theory defined on a 2-sphere, the localized star gradually appears in the dual asymptotically AdS geometry. Once the star is created, the angular position can be observed from the response function. The relationship between the parameters of the created star and those of the source is studied. We show that information regarding the bulk geometry can be extracted from the observation of stellar motion in the bulk geometry.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, 6 animated gifs in Ancillary files
Internal stabilization of an underactuated linear parabolic system via modal decomposition (extended version)
Creators: name: Kitsos, Constantinos
name: Fridman, Emilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This work concerns the internal stabilization of underactuated linear systems of $m$ heat equations in cascade, where the control is placed internally in the first equation only and the diffusion coefficients are distinct. Combining the modal decomposition method with a recently introduced state-transformation approach for observation problems, a proportional-type stabilizing control is given explicitly. It is based on a transformation for the ODE system corresponding to the comparatively unstable modes into a target one, where calculation of the stabilization law is independent of the arbitrarily large number of them and it is achieved by solving generalized Sylvester equations recursively. This provides a finite-dimensional counterpart of a recently introduced infinite-dimensional one, which led to Lyapunov stabilization. The present approach answers to the problem of stabilization with actuators not appearing in all the states and when boundary control results do not apply.
title:  Pour une approche relationnelle de la crise de l’État au Moyen-Orient: le cas kurde (1919-2014)
Creators: name: Gorgas, Jordi Tejel
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: Partendo dall’osservazione del caso curdo in Irak e in Siria attraverso un secolo di storia, questo contributo adotta un approccio dinamico e interrelazionale, al fine di studiare la questione della crisi dello Stato-nazione in Medio Oriente a partire da tre premesse.  In primo luogo, la formazione dei gruppi identificati come « minoritari » è il risultato di una storia di relazioni di potere e, di conseguenza, il risultato di un processo sociale. In secondo luogo, i membri delle «maggioranze» e delle «minoranze» non sono ovunque ed ad ogni momento contrapposti. Quindi, la relazione tra «maggioranze» e «minoranze» fa parte di un processo dinamico, di cui dobbiamo prendere in considerazione sia le continuità che le discontinuità. Infine, esiste una forte interrelazione tra i periodi in cui gli Stati, o segmenti dello Stato, si alleano a dei gruppi «esterni» – açabiyyât (gruppi di solidarietà), etc. –, onde supplire alle carenze dello Stato,  e le fasi del consolidamento del movimento curdo, e vice-versa.  Il risultato, a lungo termine, è una trasformazione reciproca, che si manifesta con una frammentazione accentuata e degli Stai e dei movimenti curdi. Paradossalmente, mentre Stati e movimenti curdi sono riusciti  ad assicurare la loro durabilità, essi si sono allontanati dalla loro dottrina originale : la creazione di Stati-nazione omogenei e sovrani su tutto il territorio nazionale. Così, se lo Stato-nazione è in causa, lo è anche il progetto nazionalista curdo.
description: Vers un nouveau Moyen-Orient? États arabes en crise entre logiques de division et sociétés civiles
Slice-reducible conformal Killing tensors, photon surfaces and shadows
Creators: name: Kobialko, Kirill
name: Bogush, Igor
name: Gal'tsov, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize our recent method for constructing Killing tensors of the second rank to conformal Killing tensors. The method is intended for foliated spacetimes of arbitrary dimension $m$, which have a set of conformal Killing vectors. It applies to foliations of a more general structure than in previous literature. The basic idea is to start with reducible Killing tensors in slices constructed from a set of conformal Killing vectors and the induced metric, and then lift them to the whole manifold. Integrability conditions are derived that ensure this, and a constructive lifting procedure is presented. The resulting conformal Killing tensor may be irreducible. It is shown that subdomains of foliation slices suitable for the method are fundamental photon surfaces if some additional photon region inequality is satisfied. Thus our procedure also opens the way to obtain a simple general analytical expression for the boundary of the gravitational shadow. We apply this technique to electrovacuum, and ${\cal N}=2,\,4,\,8$ supergravity black holes, providing a new easy way to establish the existence of exact and conformal Killing tensors.
description: 44 pages, revtex4
Additional file 3 of Which behaviour change techniques are effective to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour in adults: a factorial randomized trial of an e- and m-health intervention
Creators: name: Schroé, Helene
name: Delfien Van Dyck
name: Paepe, Annick De
name: Poppe, Louise
name: Loh, Wen Wei
name: Maïté Verloigne
name: Loeys, Tom
name: Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse De
name: Crombez, Geert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Screenshots of the website.
Additional file 2 of Which behaviour change techniques are effective to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour in adults: a factorial randomized trial of an e- and m-health intervention
Creators: name: Schroé, Helene
name: Delfien Van Dyck
name: Paepe, Annick De
name: Poppe, Louise
name: Loh, Wen Wei
name: Maïté Verloigne
name: Loeys, Tom
name: Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse De
name: Crombez, Geert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Completed TIDieR checklist.
Non-monotonic heat dissipation phenomenon in close-packed quasi-2D and 3D hotspot system
Creators: name: Zhang, Chuang
name: Wu, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82D37, 80A05 80A19

description: Transient heat dissipation in close-packed quasi-2D nanoline and 3D nanocuboid hotspot systems is studied based on phonon Boltzmann transport equation. It is found that, counter-intuitively, the heat dissipation efficiency is not a monotonic function of the distance between adjacent nanoscale heat sources: the heat dissipation efficiency reaches the highest value when this distance is comparable to the phonon mean free path. This is due to the competition of two thermal transport processes: quasiballistic transport when phonons escape from the nanoscale heat source and the scattering among phonons originating from adjacent nanoscale heat source.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Wikipedia en openbare bibliotheken - Kennisbijeenkomst Wikimedia en Bibliotheken, KB, Den Haag, 15 mei 2019
Creators: name: Janssen, Olaf
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Olaf Janssen
subject: Koninklijke Bibliotheek
subject: KB, national library of the Netherlands
subject: Public libraries
subject: public libraries
subject: openbare bibliotheken
subject: Wikipedia

description:  Op woensdagmiddag 15 mei vond er bij de KB een gratis toegankelijke kennisbijeenkomst rondom Wikipedia voor medewerkers van bibliotheken plaats.

"Wanneer delen van de bibliotheekcollectie, vergroten van zichtbaarheid en/of het delen van kennis met de gemeenschap een belangrijke rol speelt of gaat spelen in uw bibliotheek, is deze middag zeer aan te bevelen. Wij nodigen daarom programmamanagers, informatie- en collectiespecialisten, communicatiespecialisten en beleidsmakers van alle bibliotheekvormen of aanverwante organisaties van harte uit om deel te nemen."

Deze presentatie belicht de parallellen tussen openbare bibliotheken en Wikipedia o.b.v. https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:GLAM/Wikipedia_in_de_Openbare_Bibliotheek/WaaromSamenwerken
Amplification of quantum signals by the non-Hermitian skin effect
Creators: name: Wang, Qiang
name: Zhu, Changyan
name: Wang, You
name: Zhang, Baile
name: Chong, Yidong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) is a phenomenon whereby certain non-Hermitian lattice Hamiltonians, particularly those with nonreciprocal couplings, can host an extensive number of eigenmodes condensed to the boundary, called skin modes. Although the NHSE has mostly been studied in the classical regime, we show that it can also manifest in quantum systems containing boson number nonconserving processes arising from uniform parametric driving. We study lattices of coupled nonlinear resonators that can function as reciprocal quantum amplifiers. A one-dimensional chain exhibiting NHSE can perform strong photon amplification, aided by the skin modes, that scales exponentially with the chain length and outperforms alternative lattice configurations that lack the NHSE. We show also that two-dimensional nonlinear lattices can perform directional photon amplification between different lattice corners, due to the two-dimensional NHSE.