cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Using age structure to create projections of vehicle miles of travel in Rhode Island
Creators: name: Knee, Karen
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This study investigated the relationship between demographic variables, specifically age and gender, and travel demand in Rhode Island. The data sources were the Census Bureau and the Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey (NPTS). Annual vehicle miles of travel (VMT) per driver was used as a measure of travel demand. The goal of the study was to assess the importance of incorporating age and gender into projections of greenhouse gases resulting from future personal vehicle use. I created projections of future VMT in Rhode Island through 2025, varying assumptions about population growth and change in VMT per driver, and either incorporating age structure or using only aggregate population. Values of VMT/driver in 1995, as well as the direction and magnitude of historical trends of VMT/driver, differed by age and gender. The range of travel demand projected for Rhode Island for 2025 was 8 to 12 billion vehicle miles of travel (compared to 7.9 billion in 2000). In projections where VMT/driver was held constant at 1995 levels, including age structure did not affect the outcome; however, when VMT/driver was assumed to grow according to past trends, age structure affected results substantially. The effect of including age structure was to increase projected VMT for Rhode Island as a whole by as much as 400 million VMT annually in 2025. There was also a marked difference between the projections I created and ones constructed by Tellus for the Rhode Island Greenhouse Gas Process. This study highlighted the importance of making well-founded assumptions in travel demand modeling, particularly about how VMT/driver will change over time. It also indicated that, if VMT/driver follows different trajectories of change for different age groups, including age structure may improve the accuracy of baseline travel demand projections for Rhode Island.
Continuous melting of a driven two-dimensional flux lattice with strong pins
Creators: name: Fruchter, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase diagram of a driven two-dimensional vortex lattice in the presence of dense quasi-point pins is investigated. The transition from the crystal to the liquid is found continuous at intermediate inductions. The correlations in the pseudo random force that allow for an uncomplete unbinding of the dislocations is proposed as a key mechanism to account for the continuous transition.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Using age structure to create projections of vehicle miles of travel in Rhode Island
Creators: name: Knee, Karen
Publisher: name: Brown University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3509
subject: Transportation, logistics and supply chains

description: This study investigated the relationship between demographic variables, specifically age and gender, and travel demand in Rhode Island. The data sources were the Census Bureau and the Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey (NPTS). Annual vehicle miles of travel (VMT) per driver was used as a measure of travel demand. The goal of the study was to assess the importance of incorporating age and gender into projections of greenhouse gases resulting from future personal vehicle use. I created projections of future VMT in Rhode Island through 2025, varying assumptions about population growth and change in VMT per driver, and either incorporating age structure or using only aggregate population. Values of VMT/driver in 1995, as well as the direction and magnitude of historical trends of VMT/driver, differed by age and gender. The range of travel demand projected for Rhode Island for 2025 was 8 to 12 billion vehicle miles of travel (compared to 7.9 billion in 2000). In projections where VMT/driver was held constant at 1995 levels, including age structure did not affect the outcome; however, when VMT/driver was assumed to grow according to past trends, age structure affected results substantially. The effect of including age structure was to increase projected VMT for Rhode Island as a whole by as much as 400 million VMT annually in 2025. There was also a marked difference between the projections I created and ones constructed by Tellus for the Rhode Island Greenhouse Gas Process. This study highlighted the importance of making well-founded assumptions in travel demand modeling, particularly about how VMT/driver will change over time. It also indicated that, if VMT/driver follows different trajectories of change for different age groups, including age structure may improve the accuracy of baseline travel demand projections for Rhode Island.
The Sustainability of White Potato Production in St. Kitts
Creators: name: Thomas, Jerome C.
name: Thomas, Jerome C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy
International Development

description: White potato production in St. Kitts was re-introduced in 1985 and has shown dramatic increases during its first five years from 15,875 kg in 1986 to 303,907 kg in 1990 but declined to 243,580 kg in 1991. White potato production was re-introduced as part of the Agricultural Diversification Programme with the main target being to meet half of the annual domestic demand of 544,300 kg by 1990. To support the activity, Government provided incentives including subsidised seed, land for potato production as well as research and developmental support. The initial success of the white potato activity resulted in the private sector becoming involved in seed importation while farmers found potato production highly profitable with a relatively large domestic market. The sustainability of white potato production in St. Kitts is dependent on continued Government support, increased private sector involvement and development of export marketing. There is also need to improve storage facilities, to further develop cultural practices using appropriate technology and to ensure that increased production has no negative impact on the environment.
title: Statistical analysis of quantitative seroepidemiological data
Creators: name: Kafatos, George
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2011

description: The material for this thesis is based on the European Sero-Epidemiology Network 2 (ESEN2), a study funded by the European Commission. As part of the ESEN2 project, age-specific population seroprevalence of 8 antigens tested in 22 national laboratories was estimated and compared between countries. To achieve harmonised serological results, a reference panel was tested by each participant laboratory. Each laboratory's panel results were regressed against the reference centre, thus obtaining standardisation equations. These equations were used to convert the quantitative measurements of the serosurveys into common units that were subsequently classified into negative (susceptible) or positive (protected) according to a serological cut-off. The aim of this thesis was to further develop and validate the methodology for standardising serological outcomes, and to propose alternative methods for achieving comparable population seroprevalence. As part of this thesis, a statistical algorithm was established to standardise serological results. Censored regression methods were considered to account for measurements outside the assay detection range. The impact of standardisation on seroprevalence was examined. Mixture modelling of the serological results was proposed as an alternative method to standardisation for estimating seroprevalence. Although mixture modelling may provide better seroprevalence estimates in certain situations, it is heavily dependent on model assumptions, mainly of well-separated underlying distributions. In terms of seroprevalence estimation using standardisation, the validity of the assay cut-off point was examined. A method for re-estimating cut-offs was proposed based on mixture modelling that improved seroprevalence estimates under certain distributional assumptions. The impact of variability occurring due to serum testing in batches (plate-to-plate variability) on seroprevalence was assessed. The method currently used by the laboratories was examined, and a new method was proposed to adjust for this based on mixture models. In conclusion, the standardisation method used for the ESEN2 project was validated and some improvements were proposed.
Enhancement of Pairing Correlation by t' in the Two-Dimensional Extende d t-J Model
Creators: name: Shih, C. T.
name: Lee, T. K.
name: Eder, R.
name: Mou, C. -Y.
name: Chen, Y. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of the next-nearest-neighbor ($t'$) and the third-nearest-neighbor (t") hopping terms on superconductivity (SC) correlation in the 2D hole-doped extended t-J model based on the variational Monte-Carlo (VMC), mean-field (MF) calculation, and exact diagonalization (ED) method. Despite of the diversity of the methods employed, the results all point to a consistent conclusion: While the d-wave SC correlation is slightly suppressed by t' and t" in underdoped regions, it is greatly enhanced in the optimal and overdoped regions. The optimal T_c is a result upon balance of these two opposite trends.
description: 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Hydrodynamics of massive particles with spin 1/2
Creators: name: Florkowski, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formulation of relativistic hydrodynamics for massive particles with spin 1/2 is shortly reviewed. The proposed framework is based on the Wigner function treated in a semi-classical approximation or, alternatively, on a classical treatment of spin 1/2. Several theoretical issues regarding the choice of the energy-momentum and spin tensors used to construct the hydrodynamic framework with spin are discussed in parallel.
description: contribution to QM2019 Proceedings
Stizocera poeyi
Creators: name: García, Kimberly
name: Nascimento, Francisco Eriberto de Lima
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Stizocera
Stizocera poeyi

description: Stizocera poeyi (Chevrolat, 1838)
 Geographical distribution: Cuba; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Bolívar, Tolima), new department record (Bolívar); Venezuela; French Guiana; Brazil (Acre, Amazonas, Rondônia); Bolivia (Santa Cruz).
 Specimens examined: Colombia, Bolívar: San Jacinto (Reserva La Flecha, 09°51′12.4″N, 75°10′41.4″W, tropical dry forest), 23-16.IV.2017, K. García col., white light trap (1♀ UARC), manual capture (1♀ UARC).
description: Published as part of García, Kimberly & Nascimento, Francisco Eriberto de Lima, 2020, Elaphidiini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) from the Caribbean region of Colombia: New species, taxonomic notes and new geographical records, pp. 1-8 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Pap. Avulsos Zool., S. Paulo) (Pap. Avulsos Zool., S. Paulo) 60 (23) on page 8, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.special-issue.23, http://zenodo.org/record/4615223
title: Κοινωνικές δομές και δράσεις στην τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση: ιστορική διαμόρφωση – προοπτικές
title: Social structures and actions in local government: historical configuration - perspectives
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Πάνου, Φλωρεντία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2021
Subjects: Τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση
Κοινωνική πολιτική
Κράτος πρόνοιας
Κοινωνικές δομές

description: Στόχος της παρούσης έρευνας είναι η μελέτη της Κοινωνικής Πολιτικής που ασκείται από τους Οργανισμούς Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης (O.T.A) μέσω προγραμμάτων που αναλαμβάνουν οι Ο.Τ.Α. κυρίως επιδοτούμενων από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση, αλλά όχι μόνο. Η τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση έχει τις αρχές της ήδη από τα αρχαία χρόνια και αποτελούσε ανέκαθεν σημαντικό και αναπόσπαστο κομμάτι της διοίκησης κρατών. Είναι πολλοί οι νόμοι και οι μεταρρυθμίσεις που έγιναν μέχρι να καταλήξει η Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση στη σημερινή της μορφή, τόσο στην Ελλάδα όσο και στο εξωτερικό. Αξίζει να δει κανείς τις μορφές τής αυτοδιοίκησης που ισχύουν και σε άλλες χώρες και ειδικά στην Ευρώπη, καθώς και τις αρμοδιότητες του κάθε φορέα, αναλόγως αν ανήκει στην Πρωτοβάθμια ή Δευτεροβάθμια τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση. Μια από τις αρμοδιότητες της τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης αφορά στην εφαρμογή μέτρων σχετικών με την κοινωνική πολιτική. Η κοινωνική πολιτική αναφέρεται σε εκείνες τις πρακτικές που στόχο έχουν την κάλυψη των βασικών αναγκών των ατόμων που ανήκουν κυρίως σε ευπαθείς κοινωνικά ομάδες. Η εφαρμογή της κοινωνικής πολιτικής γίνεται έτσι ώστε να αποκτήσουν ευημερία οι πολίτες ενός κράτους. Το κράτος το οποίο εφαρμόζει τις κοινωνικές πολιτικές με στόχο την παροχή κοινωνικών δικαιωμάτων στην υγεία, στην εργασία, στην παιδεία και γενικότερα στην μείωση του κοινωνικού αποκλεισμού χαρακτηρίζεται ως κράτος πρόνοιας. Μερικά από τα σημαντικότερα προγράμματα ή υπηρεσίες της κοινωνικής πολιτικής στην Ελλάδα είναι τα Κ.Α.Π.Η., τα Κ.Η.Φ.Η. το Βοήθεια στο Σπίτι, προγράμματα ένταξης ΑμΕΑ, υποστήριξης οικογενειών και νέων, το ΚΕ.Θ.Ε.Α, τα ΚΕΚ, η Εναρμόνιση Επαγγελματικής και Οικογενειακής Ζωής, προγράμματα Εκπαίδευσης και Δια Βίου Μάθησης, Κέντρα Συμβουλευτικής Υποστήριξης Γυναικών Θυμάτων Βίας, Κοινωνικοί Συνεταιρισμοί Περιορισμένης Ευθύνης (Κοιν.Σ.Ε.Π.), κ.α.
Don't start the party : Assessing the electoral effect of legal provisions impeding ethnoregional parties : Assessing the electoral effect of legal provisions impeding ethnoregional parties
Creators: name: Lublin, David
name: Wright, Matthew
name: Yoshinaka, Antoine
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Around the world ‘free’ democracies actively seek to undermine the political influence of ethnic and regional minorities by impeding the formation of parties aimed at furthering their interests. Here, we assess the impact of two kinds of legal provisions against ethnoregional parties—outright bans and ballot-access requirements that indirectly impede their ability to win votes and legislative seats. Despite being less direct, we theorize ballot-access requirements should be much more effective at undermining ethnoregional parties as they provide seemingly objective rules that are easy to enforce. In contrast, outright bans require difficult subjective decisions on parties with a non-ethnoregional façade. Combining in-depth case analysis with multivariate models based on a comprehensive dataset of election results spanning 73 countries between 1990 and 2012, we find that party bans do little to curb ethnoregional party influence. By contrast, registration and ballot-access requirements are much more effective.
Evolution of a Molecular Shape Resonance along a Stretching Chemical Bond
Creators: name: Brausse, Felix
name: Bach, Florian
name: Krečinić, Faruk
name: Vrakking, Marc J. J.
name: Rouzée, Arnaud
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Electronic excitation & ionization
subject: Interatomic & molecular potentials
subject: Multiphoton or tunneling ionization & excitation
subject: Scattering theory
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: We report experiments on laser-assisted electron recollisions that result from strong-field ionization of photoexcited I2 molecules in the regime of low-energy electron scattering (<25 eV impact energy). By comparing differential scattering cross sections extracted from the angle-resolved photoelectron spectra to differential scattering cross sections from quantum-scattering calculations, we demonstrate that the electron-scattering dynamics is dominated by a shape resonance. When the molecular bond stretches during the evolution of a vibrational wave packet this shape resonance shifts to lower energies, both in experiment and theory. We explain this behavior by the nature of the resonance wave function, which closely resembles an antibonding molecular orbital of I2.
Stizocera rugicollis
Creators: name: García, Kimberly
name: Nascimento, Francisco Eriberto de Lima
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Stizocera
Stizocera rugicollis

description: Stizocera rugicollis (Guérin-Méneville, 1844)
 Geographical distribution: Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Atlántico), new department record (Atlántico).
 Specimens examined: Colombia, Atlántico: Usiacurí; (Reserva Campesina La Montaña, 10°46.0′02.6″N, 75°00.2′34.0″W, tropical dry forest), 14.V.2018, K. García col., manual capture (1♂, 1♀ UARC), UV light trap (1♀ UARC).
description: Published as part of García, Kimberly & Nascimento, Francisco Eriberto de Lima, 2020, Elaphidiini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) from the Caribbean region of Colombia: New species, taxonomic notes and new geographical records, pp. 1-8 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Pap. Avulsos Zool., S. Paulo) (Pap. Avulsos Zool., S. Paulo) 60 (23) on page 8, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.special-issue.23, http://zenodo.org/record/4615223
Performance recovery of long CsI(Tl) scintillator crystals with APD-based readout
Creators: name: Cabanelas, P.
name: González, D.
name: Alvarez-Pol, H.
name: Boillos, J. M.
name: Casarejos, E.
name: Cederkall, J.
name: Cortina, D.
name: Feijoo, M.
name: Galaviz, D.
name: Galiana, E.
name: Gernhäuser, R.
name: Golubev, P.
name: Hartig, A. -L.
name: Klenze, P.
name: Knyazev, A.
name: Kröll, T.
name: Nácher, E.
name: Park, J.
name: Perea, A.
name: Pietras, B.
name: Ponnath, L.
name: Rhee, H. -B.
name: Rodríguez-Sánchez, J. L.
name: Suerder, C.
name: Tengblad, O.
name: Teubig, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CALIFA is the high efficiency and energy resolution calorimeter for the R3B experiment at FAIR, intended for detecting high energy light charged particles and gamma rays in scattering experiments, and is being commissioned during the Phase-0 experiments at FAIR, between 2018 and 2020. It surrounds the reaction target in a segmented configuration with 2432 detection units made of long CsI(Tl) finger-shaped scintillator crystals. CALIFA has a 10 year intended operational lifetime as the R3B calorimeter, necessitating measures to be taken to ensure enduring performance. In this paper we present a systematic study of two groups of 6 different detection units of the CALIFA detector after more than four years of operation. The energy resolution and light output yield are evaluated under different conditions. Tests cover the aging of the first detector units assembled and investigates recovery procedures for degraded detection units. A possible reason for the observed degradation is given, pointing to the crystal-APD coupling.
Exploring the complex X-ray spectrum of NGC 4051
Creators: name: Pounds, K. A.
name: Reeves, J. N.
name: King, A. R.
name: Page, K. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Archival XMM-Newton data on the nearby Seyfert galaxy NGC 4051, taken in relatively high and low flux states, offer a unique opportunity to explore the complexity of its X-ray spectrum. We find the hard X-ray band to be significantly affected by reflection from cold matter, which can also explain a non-varying, narrow Fe K fluorescent line. We interpret major differences between the high and low flux hard X-ray spectra in terms of the varying ionisation (opacity) of a substantial column of outflowing gas. An emission line spectrum in the low flux state indicates an extended region of photoionised gas. A high velocity, highly ionised outflow seen in the high state spectrum can replenish the gas in the extended emission region over ~10^3 years, while having sufficient kinetic energy to contribute significantly to the hard X-ray continuum.
description: substantial revisions and some figures replaced. 12 pages, 15 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Don't start the party : Assessing the electoral effect of legal provisions impeding ethnoregional parties : Assessing the electoral effect of legal provisions impeding ethnoregional parties
Creators: name: Lublin, David
name: Wright, Matthew
name: Yoshinaka, Antoine
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Around the world ‘free’ democracies actively seek to undermine the political influence of ethnic and regional minorities by impeding the formation of parties aimed at furthering their interests. Here, we assess the impact of two kinds of legal provisions against ethnoregional parties—outright bans and ballot-access requirements that indirectly impede their ability to win votes and legislative seats. Despite being less direct, we theorize ballot-access requirements should be much more effective at undermining ethnoregional parties as they provide seemingly objective rules that are easy to enforce. In contrast, outright bans require difficult subjective decisions on parties with a non-ethnoregional façade. Combining in-depth case analysis with multivariate models based on a comprehensive dataset of election results spanning 73 countries between 1990 and 2012, we find that party bans do little to curb ethnoregional party influence. By contrast, registration and ballot-access requirements are much more effective.
Food Assistance Expenditures Increase in 2001
Creators: name: Oliveira, Victor
name: Oliveira, Victor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance

description: In fiscal 2001, Federal expenditures for domestic food assistance programs grew 4 percent, to $34 billion, the first increase in annual food assistance expenditures since fiscal 1996 (fig. 1). The Food Stamp Program accounted for much of the increase in fiscal 2001 expenditures, as declining economic conditions in the United States increased the number of people receiving food stamps. However, nearly all of the individual programs comprising the Nation's food assistance system expanded to varying degrees in fiscal 2001. USDA's Food and Nutrition Service administers an array of food assistance programs that differ by size, target population group, and type of benefits provided (see box). The goals of these programs are to provide needy persons with access to a more nutritious diet, to improve the eating habits of the Nation's children, and to help America's farmers by providing an outlet for the distribution of food purchased under farmer assistance authorities. Five programs-Food Stamp Program, National School Lunch Program, Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (commonly known as WIC), Child and Adult Care Food Program, and School Breakfast Program-together account for 92 percent of all Federal Government expenditures for food assistance. This article discusses how each of the individual programs expanded or contracted in fiscal 2001 (October 2000 through September 2001). The data cited in this article are based in part on preliminary data submitted by various reporting agencies as of November 2001 and are subject to change as reporting agencies finalize data.
Probing multiphoton light-induced molecular potentials
Creators: name: Kübel, M.
name: Spanner, M.
name: Dube, Z.
name: Naumov, A. Yu.
name: Chelkowski, S.
name: Bandrauk, A. D.
name: Vrakking, Marcus
name: Corkum, P. B.
name: Villeneuve, D. M.
name: Staudte, A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic and molecular interactions with photons
subject: Attosecond science
subject: Nonlinear optics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: The strong coupling between intense laser fields and valence electrons in molecules causes distortions of the potential energy hypersurfaces which determine the motion of the nuclei and influence possible reaction pathways. The coupling strength varies with the angle between the light electric field and valence orbital, and thereby adds another dimension to the effective molecular potential energy surface, leading to the emergence of light-induced conical intersections. Here, we demonstrate that multiphoton couplings can give rise to complex light-induced potential energy surfaces that govern molecular behavior. In the laser-induced dissociation of H2+, the simplest of molecules, we measure a strongly modulated angular distribution of protons which has escaped prior observation. Using two-color Floquet theory, we show that the modulations result from ultrafast dynamics on light-induced molecular potentials. These potentials are shaped by the amplitude, duration and phase of the dressing fields, allowing for manipulating the dissociation dynamics of small molecules.
Designer Bloch Plasmon Polariton Dispersion in Hyperbolic Meta-Gratings
Creators: name: Maccaferri, Nicolò
name: Isoniemi, Tommi
name: Hinczewski, Michael
name: Iarossi, Marzia
name: Strangi, Giuseppe
name: De Angelis, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) represent a novel class of fascinating anisotropic plasmonic materials, supporting highly confined propagating plasmon polaritons in addition to surface plasmon polaritons. However, it is very challenging to tailor and excite these modes at optical frequencies by prism coupling because of the intrinsic difficulties in engineering non-traditional optical properties with artificial nanostructures and the unavailability of high refractive index prisms for matching the momentum between the incident light and the guided modes. Here, we report the mechanism of excitation of high-k Bloch-like Plasmon Polariton (BPPs) modes with ultrasmall modal volume using a meta-grating, which is a combined structure of a metallic diffraction grating and a type II HMM. We show how a 1D plasmonic grating without any mode in the infrared spectral range, if coupled to a HMM supporting high-k modes, can efficiently enable the excitation of these modes via coupling to far-field radiation. Our theoretical predictions are confirmed by reflection measurements as a function of angle of incidence and excitation wavelength. We introduce design principles to achieve a full control of high-k modes in meta-gratings, thus enabling a better understanding of light-matter interaction in this type of hybrid meta-structures. The proposed spectral response engineering is expected to find potential applications in bio-chemical sensors, integrated optics and optical sub-wavelength imaging.
Millennial Preference for the Type of Film They Will be Interested In
Creators: name: Yohanes, Kevin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 199999 Studies in the Creative Arts and Writing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 190299 Film, Television and Digital Media not elsewhere classified

description: In this day, we know that technology provides many conveniences for every people in the world. Distance and time span are no longer a problem because there are many solutions offered by technology. Including for people who like to watch movies, almost everyone likes to watch movies and one of them is millennial. How not, we can forget for a moment the various pressures from work, study, and various other problems, then we are brought into the witness of new things that can be witnessed from a film art and we will be presented with our favorite actor or actress. But the fact is we certainly have different tastes in watching various types of films. There are so many types of films that we can enjoy for use with family or relatives, depending on our own interests. There are various types of films that we can make as a favorite, there is science fiction / fantasy, comedy, action / adventure, horror, romantic drama, history and documentaries, musicals, drama, even animation provided for those who are still under age / children.
Lattice calculation of SU(3) flavor breaking ratios in B - anti-B mixing
Creators: name: Gadiyak, Valeriya
name: Loktik, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an unquenched lattice calculation for the SU(3) flavor breaking ratios of the heavy-light decay constants and the $ΔB = 2$ matrix elements. The calculation was performed on $16^3 \times 32$ lattices with two dynamical flavors of domain-wall quarks and inverse lattice spacing $1/a = 1.69(5)$ GeV. Heavy quarks were implemented using an improved lattice formulation of the static approximation. In the infinite heavy-quark mass limit we obtain $f_{B_s}/f_{B_d} = 1.29(4)(6)$, $B_{B_s}/B_{B_d} = 1.06(6)(4)$, $ξ= 1.33(8)(8)$ where the first error is statistical and the second systematic.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, RevTeX4; mentioned existence of 1/m_b corrections, minor changes improving readability
Quantum-Enhanced Fiber-Optic Gyroscopes Using Quadrature Squeezing and Continuous Variable Entanglement
Creators: name: Grace, Michael R
name: Gagatsos, Christos N.
name: Zhuang, Quntao
name: Guha, Saikat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a fiber-optic gyroscope design enhanced by the injection of quantum-optical squeezed vacuum into a fiber-based Sagnac interferometer. In the presence of fiber loss, we compute the maximum attainable enhancement over a classical, laser-driven fiber-optic gyroscope in terms of the angular velocity estimate variance from a homodyne measurement. We find a constant enhancement factor that depends on the degree of squeezing introduced into the system but has diminishing returns beyond $10$--$15$ dB of squeezing. Under a realistic constraint of fixed total fiber length, we show that segmenting the available fiber into multiple Sagnac interferometers fed with a multi-mode-entangled squeezed vacuum, thereby establishing quantum entanglement across the individual interferometers, improves the rotation estimation variance by a factor of $e\approx2.718$.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Propagation-assisted generation of intense few-femtosecond high-harmonic pulses
Creators: name: Major, B.
name: Kretschmar, M.
name: Ghafur, O.
name: Hoffmann, A.
name: Kovács, K.
name: Varjú, K.
name: Senfftleben, B.
name: Tümmler, J.
name: Will, I.
name: Nagy, T.
name: Rupp, D.
name: Vrakking, M. J. J.
name: Tosa, V.
name: Schütte, B.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: high-harmonic generation
subject: extreme-ultraviolet pulses
subject: non-linear optics
subject: pulse reshaping,fluorescence
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: The ongoing development of intense high-harmonic generation (HHG) sources has recently enabled highly non-linear ionization of atoms by the absorption of at least 10 extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) photons within a single atom (Senfftleben et al, arXiv:1911.01375). Here we investigate how the generation of these very intense HHG pulses in our 18-m-long beamline is aided by the reshaping of the fundamental, few-cycle, near-infrared (NIR) driving laser within a 30-cm-long HHG Xe medium. Using an incident NIR intensity that is higher than what is required for phase-matched HHG, signatures of reshaping are found by measuring the NIR blueshift and the fluorescence from the HHG medium along the propagation axis. These results are well reproduced by numerical calculations that show temporal compression of the NIR pulses in the HHG medium. The simulations predict that after refocusing an XUV beam waist radius of 320 nm and a clean attosecond pulse train can be obtained in the focal plane, with an estimated XUV peak intensity of 9 × 1015 W cm−2. Our results show that XUV intensities that were previously only available at large-scale facilities can now be obtained using moderately powerful table-top light sources.
Highly non-linear ionization of atoms induced by intense high-harmonic pulses
Creators: name: Senfftleben, B.
name: Kretschmar, M.
name: Hoffmann, A.
name: Sauppe, M.
name: Tümmler, J.
name: Will, I.
name: Nagy, T.
name: Vrakking, M. J. J.
name: Rupp, D.
name: Schütte, B.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: high-harmonic generation
subject: extreme-ultraviolet pulses
subject: non-linear optics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: Intense extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) pulses enable the investigation of XUV-induced non-linear processes and are a prerequisite for the development of attosecond pump - attosecond probe experiments. While highly non-linear processes in the XUV range have been studied at free-electron lasers (FELs), high-harmonic generation (HHG) has allowed the investigation of low-order non-linear processes. Here we suggest a concept to optimize the HHG intensity, which surprisingly requires a scaling of the experimental parameters that differs substantially from optimizing the HHG pulse energy. As a result, we are able to study highly non-linear processes in the XUV range using a driving laser with a modest (≈ 10 mJ) pulse energy. We demonstrate our approach by ionizing Ar atoms up to Ar5 + , requiring the absorption of at least 10 XUV photons.
A Regret Minimization Approach in Product Portfolio Management with Respect to Customers’ Price-sensitivity
Creators: name: Esmaeili, Maryam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 120305 Industrial Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: In an uncertain and competitive environment, product portfolio management (PPM) becomes more challenging for manufacturers to decidewhat to make and establish the most beneficial product portfolio. In this paper, a novel approach in PPM is proposed in which theenvironment uncertainty, competitors’ behavior and customer’s satisfaction are simultaneously considered as the most importan t criteria inachieving a successful business plan. In terms of uncertainty, the competitors’ product portfolios are assumed as different scenarios with discrete occurrence probabilities. In order to consider various customer preferences, three different market segments are assumed in which the sensitivity of customers towards the products price are considered as high, medium and low and modeled by means of a modified utility functions. The best product portfolio with minimum risk of loss and maximum customer satisfaction is then established by means of anovel regret minimization index. The proposed index aims at finding the best product portfolio which minimizes the total possible loss and regret of the manufacturer, with respect to the other competitors of the market. To better illustrate the practicality of the approach, a numerical example is presented. The results show that the selected products in the suggested portfolio have the highest utility value in allmarket segments and also they are expected to achieve the highest expected payoff in each possible marketing scenario.
Data-driven MHD Simulation of the Formation and Initiation of a Large-scale Pre-flare Magnetic Flux Rope in Solar Active Region 12371
Creators: name: He, Wen
name: Jiang, Chaowei
name: Zou, Peng
name: Duan, Aiying
name: Feng, Xueshang
name: Zuo, Pingbing
name: Wang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar eruptions are the most powerful drivers of space weather. To understand their cause and nature, it is crucial to know how the coronal magnetic field evolves before eruption. Here we study the formation process of a relatively large-scale magnetic flux rope (MFR) in active region NOAA~12371 that erupts with a major flare and coronal mass ejection on 2015 June 21. A data-driven numerical magnetohydrodynamic model is employed to simulate three-dimensional coronal magnetic field evolution of one-day duration before the eruption. Comparison between the observed features and our modeled magnetic field discloses how the pre-eruption MFR forms. Initially, the magnetic field lines were weakly twisted as being simple sheared arcades. Then a long MFR was formed along the polarity inversion line due to the complex photospheric motion, which is mainly shearing rather than twisting. The presence of the MFR is evidenced by a coherent set of magnetic field lines with twist number above unity. Below the MFR a current sheet is shown in the model, suggesting that tether-cutting reconnection plays a key role in the MFR formation. The MFR's flux grows as more and more field lines are twisted due to continuous injection of magnetic helicity by the photospheric motions. Meanwhile, the height of the MFR's axis increases monotonely from its formation. By an analysis of the decay index of its overlying field, we suggest that it is because the MFR runs into the torus instability regime and becomes unstable that finally triggers the eruption.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accept by ApJ
On meson resonances and chiral symmetry
Creators: name: Lutz, M. F. M.
name: Kolomeitsev, E. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study meson resonances with quantum numbers J^P=1^+ in terms of the chiral SU(3) Lagrangian. At leading order a parameter-free prediction is obtained for the scattering of Goldstone bosons off vector mesons with J^P=1^- once we insist on approximate crossing symmetry of the unitarized scattering amplitude. A resonance spectrum arises that is remarkably close to the empirical pattern. In particular, we find that the strangeness-zero resonances h_1(1380), f_(1285) and b_1(1235) are formed due to strong K \bar K_μand \bar K K_μchannels. This leads to large coupling constants of those resonances to the latter states.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures, more detailed discussions are given
Localized associations in market based analysis
Creators: name: Li, Xiaojun
name: Mazvancheryl, Sanal
name: Prasad, Srinivas Y.
name: Rau, Pradeep
Publisher: name: The Institute for Integrating Statistics in Decision Sciences
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3506
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Association rule mining approaches have been proposed in the data mining liter- ature to analyze market basket data. The outputs of such approaches are rules that identify pairs of associated products that imply the co-occurrence of particular prod- ucts in a basket. As established in the marketing research literature, several factors can influence the co-occurrence of products. First, marketing mix activities such as pricing and promotions in one product category may influence a consumer’s purchase decision of products in other categories. Second, due to consumer heterogeneity, the association of a set of products may vary across customer segments. Third, a basket of products may just be purchased together coincidentally since the consumer wants to spread the shopping cost of one trip. Finally, aggregate associations (or correlations) may dif- fer from localized associations. In the extreme case, we may see Simpson’s paradox, which means that a pair of products is positively correlated in every consumer seg- ment but shows negative correlation in the aggregate data or vice versa. This happens when market baskets from multiple sources are pooled into one aggregate database. Thus product associations may be distorted in two ways - change of magnitude, or change of direction. As a result, association rules discovered by existing association rule mining may be spurious. We develop an exploratory rule mining algorithm based on transaction attributes such as consumer demographics or marketing mix variables that identifies segments of the data (a subset of the baskets) which exhibit strong asso- ciations between pairs of products that are not seen in the aggregate data set. Results are presented using an IRI market basket data set that contains transactions including 22 categories over 2 years for 500 panelists.
Synthesis of novel metal organic framework (MOF) materials from s-block metals
Creators: name: Ashworth, Emma
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are a subset of coordination polymers comprising of metal nodes, often transition metals, and functionalised organic linkers, such as carboxylates, which are coordinatively bonded to form an extended structure. Main group metals are generally less toxic, and lighter than their transition metal analogues, and thus MOFs containing s-block metals may be advantageous in MOF synthesis and application, specifically those with alkoxide linkers, as they form strong, water stable bonds with ions like Na+ and Mg2+. However main group metal MOFs are not as widespread as transition metal MOFs, and s-block metal MOFs with alkoxide linkers are rare in the literature. In this work, five new s-block metal MOF structures have been synthesised and structurally determined by Single Crystal X-Ray Diffraction, and two alkoxide compounds are reported. Bis-(3-methoxy,4-hydroxyphenyl)dimethylsilane and tris-(3-methoxy,4-hydroxyphenyl)methylsilane were both synthesised from guaiacol in a two-step synthesis. One alkoxide based MOF is reported, [Mg(C6H3(O)(OCH3)(CO2))(H2O)(DMF)], which is a 2D MOF with vanillate linkers containing both carboxylate and alkoxide functionality. Two s-block metal MOF structures have been synthesised from bis-(4-carboxyphenyl)dimethylsilane: A 3D Na-MOF, [Na2(Me2Si(C6H4CO2)2)(DMF)2·0.38DMF] and a 2D Mg MOF with formula [Mg(Me2Si(C6H4CO2)2)(DMF)0.5]. Additionally, a crystal structure of bis-(4-carboxyphenyl)dimethylsilane was obtained. Two 3D Na MOFs are reported with the linker tris-(4-carboxyphenyl)methylsilane; [Na3(MeSi(C6H4CO2)3)(DMF)0.75] and [Na3(MeSi(C6H4CO2)3)(H2O)0.21]·1.3DMF both display interesting nodal structures, the latter of which contains a rare 3D node.
The magnetic field of M31 from multi-wavelength radio polarization observations
Creators: name: Fletcher, A.
name: Berkhuijsen, E. M.
name: Beck, R.
name: Shukurov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The configuration of the regular magnetic field in M31 is deduced from radio polarization observations at the wavelengths 6, 11 and 20 cm. By fitting the observed azimuthal distribution of polarization angles, we find that the regular magnetic field, averaged over scales 1--3 kpc, is almost perfectly axisymmetric in the radial range 8 to 14 kpc, and follows a spiral pattern with pitch angles of $p\simeq -19\degr$ to $p\simeq -8\degr$. In the ring between 6 and 8 kpc a perturbation of the dominant axisymmetric mode may be present, having the azimuthal wave number m=2. A systematic analysis of the observed depolarization allows us to identify the main mechanism for wavelength dependent depolarization -- Faraday rotation measure gradients arising in a magneto-ionic screen above the synchrotron disk. Modelling of the depolarization leads to constraints on the relative scale heights of the thermal and synchrotron emitting layers in M31; the thermal layer is found to be up to three times thicker than the synchrotron disk. The regular magnetic field must be coherent over a vertical scale at least similar to the scale height of the thermal layer, estimated to be $h\therm\simeq 1$ kpc. Faraday effects offer a powerful method to detect thick magneto-ionic disks or halos around spiral galaxies.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Agenda building
Creators: name: Nisbet, Matthew C.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4701
subject: Communication and media studies

description: Agenda building refers to the process by which news organizations and journalists feature, emphasize, and/or select certain events, issues, or sources to cover over others. Research in the area is closely linked to but distinct from the agenda-setting tradition which examines the connection between the issues portrayed in the news media and the issue priorities of the public (McCombs 2004). Agenda building is also related to work in political science on policy agenda setting , which focuses on how news coverage both reflects and shapes the priorities of government officials, decision-makers, and elites (Baumgartner & Jones 1993; → Agenda-Setting Effects). The news agenda is defined as the list of events or issues that are portrayed in coverage at one point in time or across time. Events are discrete occurrences, such as the release of a government report on greenhouse gas emissions or a presidential speech on Iraq. An issue can be a series of related events that are grouped together within a larger category of meaning such as climate change, the environment, the war in Iraq, or foreign policy. Sources include the voices, actors, or groups featured in news coverage such as government officials, environmentalists, or antiwar protestors (Reese 1991; → News Sources). The agenda-building literature is characterized by a diversity of theoretical and methodological approaches. However, a common thread is that news coverage is not a reflection of reality, but rather a manufactured product, determined by a hierarchy of social influences that span levels of analysis ( → Reality and Media Reality). Macro-level factors involve economic, cultural, and ideological variables along with ownership structure and industry trends. Mid-range influences include organizational routines, professional norms, → journalist role perceptions, and source strategies. Individual-level influences derive from socio-economic, political, and psychological orientations of journalists (Shoemaker & Reese 1996).