cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Interstellar Magnetic Field Close to the Sun II
Creators: name: Frisch, P. C.
name: Andersson, B-G
name: Berdyugin, A.
name: Piirola, V.
name: DeMajistre, R.
name: Funsten, H. O.
name: Magalhaes, A. M.
name: Seriacopi, D. B.
name: McComas, D. J.
name: Schwadron, N. A.
name: Slavin, J. D.
name: Wiktorowicz, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A key indicator of the galactic environment of the Sun is provided by the magnetic field in the interstellar medium (ISM), which influences the shape of the heliosphere. The direction of the nearby interstellar magnetic field (ISMF) is determined from starlight polarized in the ISM. The local ISMF direction is found from the ISMF direction that provides the best fit to the polarization position angles of nearby stars, using weighted fits to the data. New polarization observations are included in the analysis. The best-fitting ISMF is close to the magnetic field direction traced by the center of the Ribbon of energetic neutral atoms, discovered by the Interstellar Boundary Explorer spacecraft. Both the magnetic field and kinematics of the local ISM are consistent with a scenario where the local ISM is a fragment of the Loop I superbubble. An ordered component of the local ISMF is found in a region where PlanetPol data show that polarization increases with distance. It extends to within 8 parsecs of the Sun and implies a weak curvature in the nearby ISMF. Variations from the ordered component indicate turbulence of +/-23 deg. The local ISMF is generally uniform in direction over spatial scales of 8-200 parsecs so that it appears similar to interarm magnetic fields. The best-fitting ISMF direction also agrees with the position of tail-in spatial asymmetries in GeV-TeV galactic cosmic rays. The peculiar geometrical relation between the CMB dipole moment, the heliosphere nose, and local ISMF is supported by these new results. Radiative torques are not likely to play a role in grain alignment for these polarizations.
description: Accepted by the Astrophysical Journal. Changes from version 1 include addition of an appendix and fixing typos
Die  Notwendigkeit der Religion in einem Staate
Creators: name: Lambert, Johann Heinrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1728

description: S. 59-71: Verkürzte und veränderte Fassung des Manuskripts Nr. 2; S. 72: leer
description: von [Johann Heinrich Lambert]
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2017 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Original und den beiden Verzeichnissen von Steck
description: Basel UB, L Ia 742:S.41-58
Was ist der Mensch, dass du, o Herr, seiner gedenkst; und das Menschenkind, dass du dich seiner annimmst! Ps.8
Creators: name: Lambert, Johann Heinrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1752

description: von [Johann Heinrich Lambert]
description: S. 115: trägt nur die Aufschrift "Nr. 6" von Lamberts Hand; S. 116: leer; 117-140: wichtige Predigt
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2017 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Original und den beiden Verzeichnissen von Steck
Inscription recording building work by Publius Stertinius Threptus
Creators: name: Prag, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sicily
subject: epigraphy
subject: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300138808
subject: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/462492

description: TEI EpiDoc record
On Communicating Computational Research
Creators: name: Ellis, Daniel P. W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Communication of technical information
Computer science

description: Prof. Ellis's presentation focuses on the challenges, and the benefits, of sharing the results of computational research through various methods, including: traditional publications, public talks, interactive online demos, APIs and libraries, and code sharing. He particularly emphasizes the potential of code sharing in a world where commodity machines can make reproducibility increasingly affordable and attainable.
Predigtentwurf über Psalm 118
Creators: name: Lambert, Johann Heinrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1728

description: von [Johann Heinrich Lambert]
description: Von Lambert als Manuskript Nr. 8 bezeichnet
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2017 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Original und den beiden Verzeichnissen von Steck
Augmenting and Exploiting Auditory Perception for Complex Scene Analysis
Creators: name: Ellis, Daniel P. W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Audiology
Biomechanics

description: I was invited to participate in this workshop that advises DARPA on scientific frontiers; the topic was ways to use technology to enhance individual senses. My talk covers some basics of auditory/acoustic scene analysis in humans and machines, and speculates about future "super sense" augmentations.
Freie französische Gestaltung des 19. Psalms
Creators: name: Lambert, Johann Heinrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1728

description: von [Johann Heinrich Lambert]
description: Von Lambert als Manuskript Nr. 10 bezeichnet
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Französisch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2017 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Original und den beiden Verzeichnissen von Steck
description: Basel UB, L Ia 742:S.177-178
description: Basel UB, L Ia 742:S.181-182
Über das Sein der Wahrheit
Creators: name: Lambert, Johann Heinrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1728

description: S. 107-113: wichtiges philosophisches Manuskript; von Lambert als Manuskript Nr. 5 bezeichnet; S. 114: leer
description: von [Johann Heinrich Lambert]
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2017 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Original und den beiden Verzeichnissen von Steck
The Bootstrapping Result Path Diagram Result of Inner Model Evaluation
Creators: name: Triono, Muhammad Andi Abdillah
name: Ahmad, Selamat Triono
name: Ermiati, Cut
name: Sihombing, Humisar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: 140207 Financial Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140301 Cross-Sectional Analysis

description: This is the first evaluation of inner model. The path diagram is the result of Bootstrapping test on Smart PLS 3.0. Moreover, this is the primary model that contains complete constructs. One endogenous construct (Use of Leans Strategy) with 5 of its' indicators, one mediation construct (Financial Performance) with its' four indicators, two exogenous construct (External and Internal Leansconstructs) with its' four and six indicators, respectively.
Gedanken über die Einstellung der Schriftsteller zu Gott
Creators: name: Lambert, Johann Heinrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1728

description: von [Johann Heinrich Lambert]
description: S. 157-163: Manuskript; S. 164: leer
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2017 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Original und den beiden Verzeichnissen von Steck
Music Information Retrieval for Jazz
Creators: name: Ellis, Daniel P. W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Music
Computer science

description: Despite its promising title, this talk was a first introduction aimed at jazz musicologists explaining what MIR techniques exist and how they might be useful for jazz, as a starting point for a recently-started project where we try applying them to jazz -- i.e., we don't know yet.
Finite-size effects in transport data from Quantum Monte Carlo simulations
Creators: name: Mondaini, Rubem
name: Bouadim, K.
name: Paiva, Thereza
name: Santos, Raimundo R. dos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have examined the behavior of the compressibility, the dc-conductivity, the single-particle gap, and the Drude weight as probes of the density-driven metal-insulator transition in the Hubbard model on a square lattice. These quantities have been obtained through determinantal quantum Monte Carlo simulations at finite temperatures on lattices up to 16 X 16 sites. While the compressibility, the dc-conductivity, and the gap are known to suffer from `closed-shell' effects due to the presence of artificial gaps in the spectrum (caused by the finiteness of the lattices), we have established that the former tracks the average sign of the fermionic determinant (), and that a shortcut often used to calculate the conductivity may neglect important corrections. Our systematic analyses also show that, by contrast, the Drude weight is not too sensitive to finite-size effects, being much more reliable as a probe to the insulating state. We have also investigated the influence of the discrete imaginary-time interval (Δτ) on , on the average density (ρ), and on the double occupancy (d): we have found that and ρare more strongly dependent on Δτaway from closed-shell configurations, but d follows the Δτ^2 dependence in both closed- and open-shell cases.
description: 11 pages and 16 figures. To appear in Phys Rev B
Can budget support to the cotton sector be used more efficiently? An assessment of the policy support measures in Mali and Burkina Faso
Creators: name: Gourichon, Hélène
name:  Bouréma Kone
name: Lanos, Barthélémy
name: Aparisi, Alban Mas
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Can budget support to the cotton sector be used more efficiently? An assessment of the policy support measures in Mali and Burkina Faso
Refractive Index of Light in the Quark-Gluon Plasma with the Hard-Thermal-Loop Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Liu, Juan
name: Luo, M. J.
name: Wang, Qun
name: Xu, Hao-jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electric permittivity and magnetic permeability for the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is calculated within the hard-thermal-loop (HTL) perturbation theory. The refractive indices in the magnetizable and non-magnetizable plasmas are calculated. In a magnetizable plasma, there is a frequency pole $ω_{mp}$ in the magnetic permeability and the refractive index. The refractive index becomes negative in the range $ω\in[k,ω_{mp}]$, where $k$ is the wave number, but no propagating modes are found. In a non-magnetizable plasma, the magnetic permeability and the refractive index are always positive. This marks the main distinction of a weakly coupled plasma from a strongly coupled one, where the negative refraction is shown to exist in a holographic theory.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures; v2: published version, title changed in accordance with PRD editor's suggestion, minor clarifications and references added, figures updated, typos corrected
Sentence alignment for monolingual comparable corpora
Creators: name: Elhadad, Noemie
name: Barzilay, Regina
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: We address the problem of sentence alignment for monolingual corpora, a phenomenon distinct from alignment in parallel corpora. Aligning large comparable corpora automatically would provide a valuable resource for learning of text-to-text rewriting rules. We incorporate context into the search for an optimal alignment in two complementary ways: learning rules for matching paragraphs using topic structure and further refining the matching through local alignment to find good sentence pairs. Evaluation shows that our alignment method outperforms state-of-the-art systems developed for the same task.
Die Histon-H4K20-Methyltransferase Kmt5 des Maispathogens Colletotrichum graminicola ist ein Virulenzfaktor und steuert die Genexpression in vegetativen Hyphen
Creators: name: Gase, Iris
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 571

description: Während der Infektion durchläuft das Maispathogen Colletotrichum graminicola tiefgreifende Veränderungen der Zellmorphologie und Ernährungsweise, wobei zahlreiche Gene differenziell exprimiert werden. Über die epigenetische Regulation der stadienspezifischen Genexpression in C. graminicola ist bisher wenig bekannt. In dieser Arbeit konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Histon-H4K20-Methyltransferase Kmt5 in C. graminicola unabdingbar für die Etablierung der Mono-, Di- und Trimethylierung von H4K20 ist und eine essentielle Rolle für die Regulation zahlreicher Gene in vegetativen Hyphen sowie die Differenzierung intakter Appressorien spielt. Die gezielte Deletion von KMT5 führte zum Verlust der Mono-, Di- und Trimethylierung von H4K20. Die vegetativen Hyphen der Deletionsmutante zeigten eine beeinträchtigte Zellwandintegrität und einen veränderten Sekundärmetabolismus. Untersuchungen infizierter Maisblätter zeigten, dass die KMT5-Deletion in einer reduzierten Virulenz resultierte.
description: During infection the maize pathogen Colletotrichum graminicola undergoes profound changes in cell morphology and nutrition with numerous genes being differentially expressed. Little is known about the epigenetic regulation of stadium-specific gene expression in C. graminicola. In this study it was shown that the histone H4K20 methyltransferase Kmt5 in C. graminicola is indispensable for the establishment of mono-, di- and trimethylation of H4K20 and plays an essential role for the regulation of numerous genes in vegetative hyphae as well as the differentiation of intact appressoria. The targeted deletion of KMT5 led to the loss of mono-, di- and trimethylation of H4K20. The vegetative hyphae of the deletion mutants showed impaired cell wall integrity and altered secondary metabolism. Studies of infected maize leaves showed that KMT5 deletion resulted in reduced virulence.
Introduction of the generalized Lorenz gauge condition into the vector-tensor theory
Creators: name: Gao, Changjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the generalized Lorentz gauge condition in the theory of quantum electrodynamics into the general vector-tensor theories of gravity. Then we explore the cosmic evolution and the static, spherically symmetric solution of the four dimensional vector field with the generalized Lorenz gauge. We find that, if the vector field is minimally coupled to the gravitation, it behaves as the cosmological constant. On the other hand, if it is nonminimally coupled to the gravitation, the vector field could behave as vast matters in the background of spatially flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Universe. But it may be not the case. The weak, strong and dominant energy conditions, the stability analysis of classical and quantum aspects would put constraints on the parameters and so the equation of state of matters would be greatly constrained.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Homogeneous and heterogeneous CuAAC-systems for self-healing and stress-sensing applications
Creators: name: Neumann, Steve
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Self-healing material
subject: Mechanochemie
subject: Katalyse
subject: Click-Chemie
subject: 540

description: Multivalente Verbindungen wurden mit der neuesten „Klick“ Generation ausgestattet und hinsichtlich ihrer Vernetzungseffizienz in der ca-CuAAC untersucht. Eine effiziente Netzwerkbildung in autonomen Selbstheilungs- (SH)-Systemen sollte somit auch bei niedrigen Temperaturen (< 20 °C) die Ausbreitung von Mikrorissen durch Versiegelung verhindern können. Die bei 5 - 10 °C ablaufenden Vernetzungsreaktionen von Picolylazid modifizierten Verbindungen wurden sowohl für ein niedermolekulares als auch ein hochmolekulares System (mittels DSC und Schmelz-Rheologie) nachgewiesen. Für optimale Bedingungen wurden homogene und heterogene Cu(I)-Katalysatoren genutzt. Eine fluorogene SH durch Kratzbeanspruchung konnte durch Einbettung der entsprechenden Komponenten in eine umgebende Matrix erzielt werden. Mit Hilfe eines Cu(I)-Mechanokatalysators konnte ein autonomer Schadenssensor entwickelt werden, welcher eine fluorogene “Klick” Reaktion im Material in Folge von Kompression bewirkt.
description: Multivalent components, equipped with the newest generation of “click” type moiety, suitable for the chelation-assisted copper(I)-alkyne/azide cycloaddition (ca-CuAAC), were investigated in respect to their crosslinking efficiency, addressing autonomous self-healing (SH) of growing microcracks at low temperatures (< 20 °C) via fast network formation reactions. The crosslinking activity at 5 - 10 °C was verified for both, a low and a high molecular weight approach (monitored via DSC and melt-rheology), using picolyl azide modified components. Optimized conditions were established by applying homogeneous or heterogeneous Cu(I)-catalysts. A fluorogenic SH response in turn of scratches was accomplished by incorporation of ca-CuAAC suiting components to a scaffolding matrix. An autonomous sensing tool was designed by taking advantage of a Cu(I)-mechanocatalyst, leading to a fluorogenic “click” response within a material triggered upon compression.
On the structure and stability of magnetic tower jets
Creators: name: Huarte-Espinosa, Martín
name: Frank, Adam
name: Blackman, Eric G.
name: Ciardi, Andrea
name: Hartigan, Patrick M.
name: Lebedev, Sergey
name: Chittenden, Jeremy P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern theoretical models of astrophysical jets combine accretion, rotation, and magnetic fields to launch and collimate supersonic flows from a central source. Near the source, magnetic field strengths must be large enough to collimate the jet requiring that the Poynting flux exceeds the kinetic-energy flux. The extent to which the Poynting flux dominates kinetic energy flux at large distances from the engine distinguishes two classes of models. In magneto-centrifugal launch (MCL) models, magnetic fields dominate only at scales $\lesssim 100$ engine radii, after which the jets become hydrodynamically dominated (HD). By contrast, in Poynting flux dominated (PFD) magnetic tower models, the field dominates even out to much larger scales. To compare the large distance propagation differences of these two paradigms, we perform 3-D ideal MHD AMR simulations of both HD and PFD stellar jets formed via the same energy flux. We also compare how thermal energy losses and rotation of the jet base affects the stability in these jets. For the conditions described, we show that PFD and HD exhibit observationally distinguishable features: PFD jets are lighter, slower, and less stable than HD jets. Unlike HD jets, PFD jets develop current-driven instabilities that are exacerbated as cooling and rotation increase, resulting in jets that are clumpier than those in the HD limit. Our PFD jet simulations also resemble the magnetic towers that have been recently created in laboratory astrophysical jet experiments.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, published in ApJ: ApJ, 757, 66
Implementing Guided Pathways: Early Insights From the AACC Pathways Colleges
Creators: name: Jenkins, Paul Davis
name: Lahr, Hana Elizabeth
name: Fink, John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Labor market
Community colleges
Community college students
Community colleges--Administration

description: This report provides insight into how colleges are planning and implementing “guided pathways” reforms based on the early work of 30 colleges participating in the American Association of Community Colleges’ (AACC) Pathways Project. These colleges have committed to redesigning their programs and support services for all incoming students by fall 2018 according to the guided pathways model adopted by AACC based on CCRC’s research.

Drawing on data from telephone interviews with project teams from all 30 colleges, along with in-depth two-day site visits at six of the colleges, the report describes how the AACC Pathways colleges are approaching guided pathways reforms in each of the model’s four main practice areas:
1. mapping pathways to student end goals;
2. helping students choose and enter a program pathway;
3. keeping students on path; and
4. ensuring that students are learning.
The authors indicate where colleges are taking similar approaches and note novel or innovative strategies, providing examples in each case. They discuss lessons the colleges have learned from their experiences, challenges that they are working to resolve, and strategies they are using to manage the change process. They conclude by examining a key next frontier for pathways colleges: connecting their developmental education reforms to their pathways efforts to better enable students to pass critical program gateway courses and get on a path toward program completion as efficiently as possible.
Investigation on gender and area of study stereotypes among Irish third level students
Creators: name: CHATZI, ANNA
name: Murphy, Catriona
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Gender stereotypes are identified as a significant contributor to persistent inequality and in an educational arena, it has far reaching effects. As third level students select their area of study, their stereotypes can influence the degree of integration or exclusion in a particular area of study. Over the years, this has resulted to multiple research studies in the investigation of gender stereotypes with particular emphasis in the relationship between gender stereotypes and selected areas of study (Sciences and Liberal Arts) among men and women. In this study the implicit stereotypes of participants were targeted as they are indicative of their delicate mental associations. A quantitative survey was conducted to investigate the extent of gender-area of study stereotypes among Irish third level students. Results indicated that participants felt that, even though both genders devote time to their work equally, it is men that spend more time away from their families, are frequent achievers of high levels on performance and show more natural interest in Science, Technology, Engineering or Maths. Especially among female participants, males scored higher as high achievers in Mathematics and were declared to have more ‘natural’ interest in Science. Comparison between this study and another international big scale study was deemed reliable and comparable.
Interactions of Medicago truncatula with soil-borne microbes : role of MtTPS10 in defense against the root pathogen Aphanomyces euteiches
Creators: name: Yadav, Heena
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 572

description: In der Natur leben Pflanzen in komplexen Gemeinschaften mit nützlichen und pathogenen Organismen. Im Laufe der Evolution entwickelten Pflanzen verschiedene Mechanismen, um Nützlinge auszuwählen und Krankheitserreger zu vermeiden. In dieser Arbeit verwendeten wir Medicago truncatula als Modellsystem und untersuchten seine frühen Reaktionen auf eine Infektion mit dem Oomycetenpathogen Aphanomyces euteiches. Eine Transkriptomanalyse von Wurzeln, die für zwei Stunden mit den pathogenen Zoosporen infiziert wurden, ergab eine mutmaßliche Terpensynthase (TPS10). Das MtTPS10-kodierende Gen wurde spezifisch in Wurzeln nach Infektion durch Oomyceten exprimiert, jedoch nicht durch pathogene oder symbiotische Pilze. Die Expression von MtTPS10 in Hefe identifizierte das Enzym als Sesquiterpensynthase mit mehreren Produkten. Die in planta Produkte von TPS10 wurden durch das Auffangen der Volatile von Wurzeln einer tps10-Mutante und Wildtyp-Pflanzen 12 Stunden nach der Infektion identifiziert. Die phänotypische Analyse von infizierten tps10-Mutantenpflanzen zeigte im Vergleich zu Wildtyppflanzen ein verringertes Wachstum. Darüber hinaus hatten Sesquiterpene, die durch TPS10-Expression in Hefe produziert wurden, eine hemmende Wirkung auf das Myzelwachstum und die Keimung der Zoosporen von A. euteiches. Zusammenfassend konnten wir eine Multiprodukt-Sesquiterpensynthase aus M. truncatula identifizieren, die eine Abwehrfunktion in Wurzeln gegen A. euteiches aufweist.
description: In nature, plants live in complex communities with beneficial and pathogenic organisms. During evolution, plants have developed various mechanisms for selecting the beneficial ones and evading away the pathogens. In this work, we used Medicago truncatula as a model system and studied its early responses to infection with the oomycete pathogen Aphanomyces euteiches. Transcriptomics performed on roots infected with the pathogenic zoospores for two hours revealed a putative terpene synthase (TPS10). The MtTPS10-encoding gene was expressed specifically in roots upon infection by oomycetes, but not by pathogenic or symbiotic fungi. Expression of MtTPS10 in yeast identified the enzyme as a multi-product sesquiterpene synthase. In planta products of TPS10 were identified by collecting volatiles from roots of a tps10 mutant and wild type plants 12 hours after infection. Phenotypic analysis of tps10 mutant plants showed reduced growth after infection compared to wild type plants. Moreover, sesquiterpenes produced by TPS10 expression in yeast had inhibitory effects on A. euteiches mycelial growth and zoospore germination. In conclusion, we identified a multi-product sesquiterpene synthase from M. truncatula having a defense function in roots against A. euteiches.
Contributions to Information-Based Complexity, Image Understanding,and Logic Circuit Design
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1985
Subjects: Computer science

description: This work consists of three parts. The first two describe new results In
information-based complexity and applications of the general theory to the field of computer vision. The last presents an average case result of a. different sort: the design of a binary comparator. Part I is joint work with G. W. Wasilkowski. In this part, we study approximation of linear functionals on a separable Banach space equipped with a Gaussian measure. We study optimal information and optimal algorithms in average case, probabilistic and asymptotic settings, for a. general error functional. We prove that adaptive information is Dot more powerful than nonadaptive information and that µ-spline algorithms, which are linear, are optimal in all three settings. We specialize our results to spaces of functions with continuous rth derivatives, equipped with a Wiener measure. In particular, we show that the interpolation by the natural splines of degree r+ 1 yields the optimal algorithmically. We apply the general results to the problem of integration. Part II of this work studies the following image understanding problems 2 &1/2 D sketch, shape from shading, and optical flow. We point out how known general optimality results in the worst case model may be applied to these problems. We indicate some preliminary results and work in progress, concerning the numerical solution of these problems. Algorithms which differ from those currently used in practice are proposed. Part HI provides a design of a binary comparator with completion signal, {or the purpose of optimizing the average processing time. The average propagation delay is a constant, independent of n, the number of inputs, while the logic complexity is a linear function of n.
Characterization of maize production in Southern Africa: synthesis of CIMMYT/DTMA household level farming system surveys in Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia and Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Girma T. Kassie
name: Erenstein, Olaf
name: Mwangi, Wilfred
name: Rovere, Roberto La
name: Setimela, Peter
name: Langyintuo, Augustine
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Characterization of maize production in Southern Africa: synthesis of CIMMYT/DTMA household level farming system surveys in Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia and Zimbabwe
Helium-4 Synthesis in an Anisotropic Universe
Creators: name: Campanelli, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the 4He abundance in a universe of Bianchi type I whose cosmic anisotropy is dynamically generated by a fluid with anisotropic equation of state. Requiring that the relative variation of mass fraction of 4He is less than 4% with respect to the standard isotropic case to be consistent with astrophysical data, we constrain the parameter of cosmic anisotropy, the shear Σ, as |Σ(T_f)| < 0.4, where T_f is the freeze-out temperature of the weak interactions that interconvert neutrons and protons. Anisotropic fluids, whose energy density is subdominant with respect to the energy content of the Universe during inflation and radiation era, generate much smaller shears at the time of freeze-out and then do not appreciably affect the standard 4He production. This is the case of anisotropic dark energy, and of a uniform magnetic field with energy density much smaller than about 1.25 times the energy density of neutrinos.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, typos corrected. To appear in Phys. Rev. D
Untersuchungen zum Einsatz von konjugierten Linolsäuren (CLA) und Vitamin E, sowie deren Wechselwirkungen, als Interventionsmaßnahme zur Verminderung einer ketotischen Stoffwechselbelastung und des oxidativen Stresses bei peripartalen Milchkühen: [kumulative Dissertation]
Creators: name: Schäfers, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften 630 Landwirtschaft 630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Die Energiebilanz der Milchkuh in der peripartalen Phase ist negativ. Die Kühe mobilisieren Körperfett. Diese Mobilisierung führt zu hohen Konzentrationen an unveresterten Fettsäuren (NEFA) und Betahydroxybutyrat (BHB). Trans-10, cis-12 konjugierte Linolsäure (CLA) kann den Milchfettgehalt reduzieren und die Energiebilanz positiv beeinflussen. Vitamin E (Vit. E) ist ein Antioxidans und über die Empfehlung hinausgehende Supplementierung könnte dazu beitragen, den durch die Abkalbung und die hohen NEFA- und BHB-Konzentrationen verursachten oxidativen Stress zu vermindern. In diesem Versuch sollten die Einflüsse einzelner und kombinierter Supplementierung mit CLA und Vit. E auf den Energiestoffwechsel, die Laktationsleistung, das Milchfettprofil sowie das Immunsystem der peripartalen Milchkuh untersucht werden. Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Supplementierung die Lipomobilisierung nicht beeinflusste. Die Reduktion des Milchfettgehalts und der -menge fiel in der Gruppe, die die kombinierte Supplementierung erhielt, geringer aus. Der Serumstatus des Vit. E blieb ebenso wie die Immunfunktion durch die Supplementierungen unbeeinflusst.
description: Energy balance of the dairy cow in the transition period is negative. Cows mobilize adipose tissue, which results in high concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) as well as betahydroxybutyrate (BHB). The trans-10, cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is capable to reduce milk fat content and thereby possibly reduce the negative energy balance. Vitamin E (Vit. E) is an antioxidant and supplementation above the recommendation might counteract the oxidative stress caused by parturition and high NEFA- and BHB-concentrations in serum. This trial aimed to clarify the influences of single and combined supplementations of CLA and Vit. E on the energy metabolism, lactation performance, milk fatty acid profile and immune system of dairy cows during the transition period. Results show that supplementations did not affect lipomobilisation. Reduction of milk fat content and yield in cows supplemented with the combination of CLA + Vit. E was less distinct. Serum status of Vit. E remained unaffected by either treatment. Results suggest that both supplementations did not improve the immune function.
Characterization of maize producing households in Cacuaco and Lobito municipalities of Angola
Creators: name: Manuvanga Kiakanua
name: Chichicuhua, António
name: Pedro, Desideria V.
name: Vuvu Kua Nzambi
name: Jezo, Helder S. C.
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Characterization of maize producing households in Cacuaco and Lobito municipalities of Angola
Has the State takeover of the Newark Public Schools reformed, repaired or impaired the district and influenced graduation rates?
Creators: name: Amparbin, Kenneth A.
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: State school district takeover
subject: Education

description: For more than two decades from 1995 until 2017, the Newark Public Schools (NPS) district has been controlled by the State of New Jersey Department of Education (NJ DOE). It is the largest and one of the oldest school districts in New Jersey. Approximately 2,700 teachers educate 37,000 students in the district’s 64 traditional public schools. The student population is composed of three subgroups that include: General Education, Disabled and Limited English Proficient. The student grade level enrolment consists of 6 % Pre-Kindergarten, 68 % Kindergarten to Eighth, and 36 % Ninth to Twelfth. Each classroom reflects a multi-ethnic population that is predominantly Hispanic, Black, White and the remainder drawn from a combination of Asian, Pacific Islanders and Native-Americans. The district is currently led and managed by an appointed superintendent and a locally elected, Type-2, school board. The superintendent’s efforts are supported by a cabinet that aid with the daily function and operation of the district. The cabinet is composed of the School Business Administrator, Deputy-Superintendent, five Assistant-Superintendents, Chief Strategy Officer, Chief Talent Officer and General Council. This single case study centres on the efforts of the state takeover in reforming the district’s operations and its influence on student achievement from 2011 to 2017. The data analysis focuses on archival data and documents from the state, municipality, district and high schools relating to the New Jersey Quality Single Accountability Continuum (NJ QSAC) District Performance Review Process and the Newark Public Schools (NPS) high school graduation rates. The analysis of the accumulated qualitative and quantitative data from this seven-year period was done by disaggregating, coding and comparing the data from each and across these sources. Through the lens of the open-systems theory conceptual framework, the results of the analysis yielded explanations. The explanations are an insight to the causes and effects of the processes during the state takeover that influenced the district’s operations and high school graduation rates. The outcomes subsequently led to the conditional restoration of the Newark Public School’s (NPS) control to the local board of education in 2018.
On the Performance of Kleinjung’s Quadratic Sieving Method
Creators: name: Luo, Qinglong
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Education--Mathematics
subject: Education--Sciences

description: Kleinjung published a recent improvement in the quadratic sieving step of the self-initialising variant of the quadratic sieve method (SIQS) for computing class groups of orders of quadratic fields. To date, a comprehensive comparison between Kleinjung’s method and SIQS has not been done. Here, we implement a variation of both Kleinjung’s method and the original SIQS method, and run these two methods side by side over a wide range of test parameters to test their relative performance. We observed that Kleinjung’s method performs better than the SIQS method, especially when the number of primes used in constructing the self-initialising polynomial set is high. However, this performance advantage shrinks as the sieving interval increases.
Optimal Algorithms for Image Understanding: Current Status and Future Plans
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1985
Subjects: Computer science

description: We discuss four Image understanding problems: 2 1/2 D sketch, three-dimensional reconstruction from projections, shape from shading, and optical flow. We point out how known general optimality results may be applied to the first three problems. We indicate some preliminary results and work in progress, concerning the numerical solution of all four problems. Algorithms which differ from those currently used in practice are proposed.
The Shaking Table Tests Column Database and evaluation of drift capacity models for non-ductile columns
Creators: name: Li, Yaqiong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: A Shaking Table Tests Column Database comprised of 59 reinforced concrete columns subjected to shaking table tests is compiled in this research. Key geometrical information, material properties and test data of the columns are provided and used to improve the seismic assessment of old reinforced concrete structures. Several structural models estimating the column effective stiffness and drift capacities at shear failure and axial-load failure are evaluated. Models based on the design parameters, such as transverse reinforcement ratio and axial load ratio, generally underestimate the column drift at shear failure (loss of 20% of lateral resistant force) in the dynamic test. Empirical plastic drift capacity models for columns subjected to subduction earthquakes and general types of ground motions are proposed. For column drift at axial-load failure, models based on shear-friction mechanism could capture the drift capacity fairly well. The provisions of the current seismic rehabilitation standard ASCE/SEI 41 Supplement 1 regarding the concrete columns are also evaluated with this dynamic database. It is found that this standard generally overestimates the column effective stiffness and could provide the mean value of the column shear strength. The modeling parameters specified in the standard provide fairly conservative estimate of the column drift capacities and are consistent with the targeted probability of failure. Refinements of the shear strength model and the criteria for column classifications are suggested in this research.
Analyse der mehrjährigen Versuche zur Heterogenität eines Weizenbestandes, deren Detektion mittels Multispektralkamera und die daran angepasste kamerabasierte, teilflächenspezifische Fungizidapplikation : unter Betrachtung klimatischer, bestands- und infektionsspezifischer Unterschiede
Creators: name: Tackenberg, Maria
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 630

description: Zielstellung der Arbeit war die Analyse langjähriger Versuche in heterogenen Weizenfeldern, um einen neuen Ansatz im Pflanzenschutz für die digitale Landwirtschaft zu entwickeln. Dazu wurden Wetterdaten analysiert, deren Einfluss auf Mikroklima und dem damit verbundenen Krankheitsauftreten untersucht. Hierzu wurden Messstationen in unterschiedlichen Biomassebereichen aufgestellt und Krankheiten bonitiert. Zudem ist die Heterogenität durch Pflanzenparameter und Deckungsgrad, ermittelt durch Multispektralkamera, zu beschreiben. Der ermittelte Zusammenhang zwischen diesem Deckungsgrad und Pflanzenparametern ermöglichte den Aufbau der Applikationslogik. Die sensorbasierte variable Applikation von Fungiziden erbrachte Einsparungen der Aufwandmenge im Vergleich zu einer einheitlichen Applikation. Die Bonituren zeigten zudem, dass der Krankheitsdruck in den variablen Varianten nicht erhöht war. Die Ernte zeigte einen vergleichbaren bzw. etwas höheren Ertrag nach variabler Fungizidapplikation.
description: This work was aiming to analyze long-term trials in heterogeneous wheat fields as innovative approach for plant protection in digital farming. For this purpose, weather data was analyzed, and their influence on microclimate as well as the related disease occurrence was evaluated. In this favor, weather stations were placed in different biomass zones and diseases were assessed. Furthermore, the heterogeneity could be described by plant parameters and coverage level, as detected by a multispectral camera. The determined correlation between coverage level and plant parameters enabled the development of the application logic. The sensor based variable-rate application of fungicides could be shown to reduce the application amount as compared to the uniform application. Additionally, assessments showed no changes in disease pressure due to variable application. The harvest showed a comparable or slightly higher yield by applying fungicides variable.
Enigmatic Nature of Diphtheria in Anglo-American Contexts Following the Bacteriological Revolution, 1880s-1940s
Creators: name: Meunier, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: History of Diphtheria
History of Disease
History of Medicine
Concepts of Disease
History of Public Health

description: This thesis examines the history of diphtheria in Ontario between 1880 and 1940. The purpose of this thesis is to look past the bacteriological excitement of the nineteenth century, and the discoveries that have often been reported by historians and popular media and explore why diphtheria remained an enigmatic disease despite the discovery of a single bacterial cause. Drawing on a variety of primary and secondary sources, this thesis also uncovers the social, personal and often fatal consequences that arose following the appearance of diphtheria within communities. The unresolved enigmatic nature of diphtheria allowed for the creation of a conceptual space in which both medical and non-medical members of Ontario’s society often found themselves competing to promote their own conceptualizations of diphtheria. These conceptualizations, combined with the threat diphtheria posed to the health of a community, resulted in further confusion regarding the nature of the disease. Many historical concerns regarding diphtheria and its enigmatic nature have never been resolved.
Lessons for Good Citizenship: Creating Attachments and Sense of Belonging in the Multi-ethnic Countryside of Kazakhstan
Creators: name: Mombayeva, Diana
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This thesis focuses on citizenship education in the post-Soviet Republic of Kazakhstan. By drawing on insights in anthropology and education, I examine the state project to construct the ideal of good citizenship and its transformation through daily practices that shape the social life of school, community, family, and school ecology. My work is grounded in ethnographic fieldwork, most of which was conducted in the multi-ethnic countryside in northern Kazakhstan. Based on testimonies of my project’s participants, including teachers, families, and students as well as the artwork of students, I argue that the state’s ideals of citizenship are localized through place-based practices, which create informal learning spaces informed by class sentiments and ethnic sensibilities of teachers, students, and their families. These practices transform hegemonic narratives of citizenship, generating collaboration, creativity, sustainable lifestyle, and attachment to the place. I believe the focus on place-based education in the thesis can help teachers to design elective courses in curriculum based on localities, involving students and communities.
Hamiltonian Decompositions of Regular Topology Networks with Convergence Routing
Creators: name: Yener, Biilent
name: Boult, Terry
name: Ofek, Yoram
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1994
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper introduces new methods to construct multiple virtual rings for loss-free routing of non-reserved bursty data in high-speed environments such as ATM LANs. The routing algorithm on multiple virtual rings is convergence routing which combines the actual routing decision with the internal flow control state. Multiple virtual rings are obtained on the hypercube and the circulant networks such that each virtual ring is hamiltonian, and are mutually edge-disjoint. It is shown that multiple virtual rings improve (i) the bound on the length of routing, and (ii) the fault tolerance. On the circulant graphs, necessary and sufficient conditions for hamiltonian decomposition is established. On the hypercube, three algorithms are designed for an N-node hypercube with even dimension: (i) an O(N) time algorithm to find two edge-disjoint hamiltonian circuits, (ii) an O(N log N) time algorithm to find I01N hamiltonian circuits with only E ~ 0.1 common edges, and (iii) a recursive algorithm for the hamiltonian decomposition of the hypercube with dimension power of two. It is shown analytically, and verified by simulations on the circulants that with the d virtual ring embeddings, a bound of O( N / d) is established on the maximum length of routing.
Using hybrid topological-spin qubit systems for two-qubit-spin gates
Creators: name: Leijnse, Martin
name: Flensberg, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a hybrid quantum system involving spin qubits, based on the spins of electrons confined in quantum dots, and topological qubits, based on Majorana fermions. In such a system, gated control of the charge on the quantum dots allows transfer of quantum information between the spin and topological qubits, and the topological system can be used to facilitate transfer of spin qubits between spatially separated quantum dots and to initialize entangled spin-qubit pairs. Here, we show that the coupling to the topological system also makes it possible to perform entangling two-qubit gates on spatially separated spin qubits. The two-qubit gates are based on a combination of topologically protected braiding operations, gate-controlled charge transfer between the dots and edge Majorana modes, and measurements of the state of the topological qubits.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. Published version
Organizations On-the-go: Linking Welfare Effects to Strategy
Creators: name: Petkova, Iva Ognianova
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Management
Business

description: In this study, I am interested in discovering alternatives to the Weberian type in which extant management practices are recombined in ways that lead to new goals. The analysis suggests that the emergence of collaborative community forms based around projects and inter-organizational networks facilitates recombinations in practice that are consequential to the success of new organizations in hypercompetitive domains. These non-commercial goals, related to knowledge sharing and learning are then proposed as part of a framework for linking welfare effects to strategy.