cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electronic structure of FeS
Creators: name: Miao, J.
name: Niu, X. H.
name: Xu, D. F.
name: Yao, Q.
name: Chen, Q. Y.
name: Ying, T. P.
name: Li, S. Y.
name: Fang, Y. F.
name: Zhang, J. C.
name: Ideta, S.
name: Tanaka, K.
name: Xie, B. P.
name: Feng, D. L.
name: Chen, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we report the electronic structure of FeS, a recently identified iron-based superconductor. Our high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy studies show two hole-like ($α$ and $β$) and two electron-like ($η$ and $δ$) Fermi pockets around the Brillouin zone center and corner, respectively, all of which exhibit moderate dispersion along $k_z$. However, a third hole-like band ($γ$) is not observed, which is expected around the zone center from band calculations and is common in iron-based superconductors. Since this band has the highest renormalization factor and is known to be the most vulnerable to defects, its absence in our data is likely due to defect scattering --- and yet superconductivity can exist without coherent quasiparticles in the $γ$ band. This may help resolve the current controversy on the superconducting gap structure of FeS. Moreover, by comparing the $β$ bandwidths of various iron chalcogenides, including FeS, FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_x$, FeSe, and FeSe$_{1-x}$ Te$_x$, we find that the $β$ bandwidth of FeS is the broadest. However, the band renormalization factor of FeS is still quite large, when compared with the band calculations, which indicates sizable electron correlations. This explains why the unconventional superconductivity can persist over such a broad range of isovalent substitution in FeSe$_{1-x}$Te$_{x}$ and FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_{x}$.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Lattice Calculations of Heavy Quark Potential at Finite Temperature
Creators: name: Petreczky, P.
name: Weber, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the lattice calculations of the heavy quark potential at $T>0$ in 2+1 flavor QCD at physical quark masses using the Highly Improved Staggered Quark discretization. We study in detail the systematic effects in the determination of the real and imaginary parts of the potential when using the moment method.
description: 4pages, LaTeX, uses elsarticle.cls, contribution to the XXVI International Conference on Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2017), Chicago, USA, February 6-11, 2017
Young neutron stars with soft gamma ray emission and anomalous X-ray pulsar
Creators: name: Bisnovatyi-Kogan, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observational properties of Soft Gamma Repeaters and Ano\-malous X-ray Pulsars (SGR/AXP) indicate to necessity of the energy source different from a rotational energy of a neutron star. The model, where the source of the energy is connected with a magnetic field dissipation in a highly magnetized neutron star (magnetar) is analyzed. Some observational inconsistencies are indicated for this interpretation. The alternative energy source, connected with the nuclear energy of superheavy nuclei stored in the nonequilibrium layer of low mass neutron star is discussed.
description: 29 pages, 13 figures, Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 A.W. Alsabti, P. Murdin (eds.), Handbook of Supernovae
Dense array EEG measures of infant sleep: microstructure and topography as biomarkers of cognitive development
Creators: name: Peters, Suzanne E.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2017

description: The research presented here addresses topical and critical questions regarding the role of sleep as a facilitator of brain maturation and cognitive outcomes and examines how the topography and microstructure (i.e. sleep spindles and slow waves) of infant sleep brain rhythms may support these developmental processes. Although extensive research has been conducted on sleep in animal models, in adults and in premature neonates, very little is known about the neurophysiology of sleep in healthy human infants. Current research suggests that alterations in sleep pattern or duration play a role in almost all known mental disorders and furthermore, that virtually all of these disorders are rooted in a miswiring of the brain during development. Therefore, it is understandable that variability in sleep patterns has gained attention as a possible early biomarker for a number of neurodevelopmental disorders. Identification of reliable biomarkers could lead to targeted diagnostic tools that would be useful in diagnosing a number of developmental disorders. This dissertation is a first step toward a more comprehensive understanding of sleep microstructure (e.g. sleep spindles and slow waves), which is hypothesized to play a critical role in infant brain maturation. We have examined infant daytime sleep (non-rapid-eye-movement, NREM) in a rarely studied age group (3.5 and 6.5 months), using advanced dense-array electroencephalographic recording (dEEG) and analytic techniques seldom used in sleep studies, in combination with concurrent standardized assessments of cognition, language, and motor skill development. In this thesis, we have characterized spectral power and frequency changes of brain activity across the frequency spectrum (0.25-35Hz), in both a cross-sectional and a longitudinal group. From these analyses, we demonstrate that both maturational and trait-like aspects of regional NREM sleep oscillations are present in our sample of typically developing infants. Further, at 6.5 months-of-age, sleep spindle topography is sexually dimorphic, correlated with language measures, and functionally left-lateralized. In both the cross-sectional and longitudinal groups, and in both age ranges, there are significant positive and negative correlations of spectral power at different frequencies with differing behavioral measures. We anticipate that the outcomes of this ongoing study will accelerate our understanding of infant brain development across the first year of life, delineating the emergence, function and maturation of changing oscillatory sleep patterns, while simultaneously facilitating future translational approaches (e.g. interventional strategies for slow wave and spindle enhancement) targeting developmental sleep as it relates to the prevention of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Crust-core transition of a neutron star: effects of the symmetry energy and temperature under strong magnetic fields
Creators: name: Fang, Jianjun
name: Pais, Helena
name: Pratapsi, Sagar
name: Providência, Contança
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the simultaneous effects of the symmetry energy and temperature on the crust-core transition of a magnetar. The dynamical and the thermodynamical spinodals are used to calculate the transition region within a relativistic mean-field approach for the equation of state. Quantizing magnetic fields with intensities in the range of $ 2\times 10^{15}
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, submitted for publication in Phys. Rev. C
Study on the Constitutive Relationship between Ordinary Concrete and Nano-Titanium Dioxide-Modified Concrete at High Temperature
Creators: name: Wu, Dongpeng
name: Wang, Zhicheng
name: Pan, Yungui
name: Huang, Jian
name: Fernández-Steeger, Tomás Manuel
name: Xu, Chao
name: Tang, Xinlong
name: Long, Zhiyu
name: Tang, Yufei
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: concrete
subject: nano SiO2
subject: high temperature
subject: stress–strain relationship
subject: damage model

description: After high-temperature treatment, both nano-titanium dioxide-modified concrete and ordinary concrete exhibit typical splitting failure. High-temperature heating reduces the mechanical properties and brittleness of concrete and improves the ductility of concrete. The stress–strain relationship of the specimens was obtained through the uniaxial compression test of ordinary concrete and nano-titanium dioxide-modified concrete cube specimens under normal temperature and high-temperature conditions. In addition, the relationship between temperature and damage variables was established, and the unified constitutive model containing damage variables after room temperature and high-temperature treatment of ordinary concrete and nano-titanium dioxide-modified concrete were established. It provides a reference for future research on the mechanical properties of high-performance concrete structures after high temperatures (fire).
Molecular Simulation of Caloric Properties of Fluids Modelled by Force Fields with Intramolecular Contributions: Application to Heat Capacities
Creators: name: Smith, William R.
name: Jirsák, Jan
name: Nezbeda, Ivo
name: Qi, Weikai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The calculation of caloric properties such as heat capacity, Joule-Thomson coefficients and the speed of sound by classical force-field-based molecular simulation methodology has received scant attention in the literature, particularly for systems composed of complex molecules whose force fields (FFs) are characterized by a combination of intramolecular and intermolecular terms (referred to herein as "flexible FFs"). The calculation of a thermodynamic property for a system whose molecules are described by such a FF involves the calculation of the residual property prior to its addition to the corresponding ideal-gas (IG) property, the latter of which is separately calculated, either using thermochemical compilations or nowadays accurate quantum mechanical calculations. Although the simulation of a volumetric residual property proceeds by simply replacing the intermolecular FF in the rigid molecule case by the total (intramolecular plus intermolecular) FF, this is not the case for a caloric property. We discuss the methodology required in performing such calculations, and focus on the example of the molar heat capacity at constant pressure, $c_P$, one of the most important caloric properties. We also consider three approximations for the calculation procedure, and illustrate their consequences for the examples of the relatively simple molecule 2-propanol, ${\rm CH_3CH(OH)CH_3}$, and for monoethanolamine, ${\rm HO(CH_2)_2NH_2}$, an important fluid used in carbon capture.
The evolution of red supergiants to supernovae
Creators: name: Beasor, Emma R.
name: Davies, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With red supergiants (RSGs) predicted to end their lives as Type IIP core collapse supernova (CCSN), their behaviour before explosion needs to be fully understood. Mass loss rates govern RSG evolution towards SN and have strong implications on the appearance of the resulting explosion. To study how the mass-loss rates change with the evolution of the star, we have measured the amount of circumstellar material around 19 RSGs in a coeval cluster. Our study has shown that mass loss rates ramp up throughout the lifetime of an RSG, with more evolved stars having mass loss rates a factor of 40 higher than early stage RSGs. Interestingly, we have also found evidence for an increase in circumstellar extinction throughout the RSG lifetime, meaning the most evolved stars are most severely affected. We find that, were the most evolved RSGs in NGC2100 to go SN, this extra extinction would cause the progenitor's initial mass to be underestimated by up to 9M$_\odot$.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, to appear in proceedings IAUS 329, The Lives and Death-throes of Massive Stars
Experimental Test of Born's Rule by Inspecting Third-Order Quantum Interference on a Single Spin in Solids
Creators: name: Jin, Fangzhou
name: Liu, Ying
name: Geng, Jianpei
name: Huang, Pu
name: Ma, Wenchao
name: Shi, Mingjun
name: Duan, Chang-Kui
name: Shi, Fazhan
name: Rong, Xing
name: Du, Jiangfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a fundamental postulate of quantum mechanics, Born's rule assigns probabilities to the measurement outcomes of quantum systems and excludes multi-order quantum interference. Here we report an experiment on a single spin in diamond to test Born's rule by inspecting the third-order quantum interference. The ratio of the third-order quantum interference to the second-order in our experiment is ceiled at the scale of $10^{-3}$, which provides a stringent constraint on the potential breakdown of Born's rule.
Physiology of the extended amygdala
Creators: name: Haufler, Darrell
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2017

description: Based on anatomical similarities, it has been argued that the amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) and adjacent components of the basal forebrain constitute a single system, termed the extended amygdala, which plays a critical role in emotions. In the first part of this thesis, I studied the role of BNST in the genesis of conditioned fear by recording neurons in the anterolateral (AL) and anteromedial (AM) regions of BNST in rats. During habituation, few neurons were responsive to the conditioned stimulus (CS). After fear conditioning, 20% of BNST-AL neurons developed inhibitory responses to the CS. In BNST-AM, 26% of neurons developed positive CS responses. Activity of BNST-AM and AL neurons during contextual fear paralleled their CS responsiveness, suggesting they exert opposite influences on fear output networks. During these experiments, I observed a hitherto unreported rhythm at ~140 Hz (termed high frequency oscillations or HFOs) in the local field potential of BNST. The second part of my thesis characterized HFOs, revealing a systematic dependence on behavioral state, a pronounced relationship to extended amygdala unit activity, coherence between distant sites, and coupling with lower frequency gamma activity. However, the origin, and nature of the HFO-gamma relationship remained unclear. This was explored in the last part of my thesis. I found that HFOs and gamma are related through a generic phenomenon, manifest throughout the brain, whereby novel rhythms arise when signals combine in the presence of a non-linearity.
Essays on central bank communication
Creators: name: Carneiro Mira Godinho, Frederico
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Monetary economics
Central bank communication
Randomized Controlled Trial
Monetary policy
Currency union
European Central Bank
Event study
High frequency identification

description: This dissertation consists in three chapters addressing the relationship between central bank communication and the transmission of monetary policy to a range of different audiences. In the first chapter, I show that once one incorporates country-specific yields into the identification of monetary factors for the European Central Bank, a new factor arises which plays a quantitatively important role in explaining the end of the sovereign debt crisis and the resulting convergence in economic outcomes across the Euro block. Specifications that exclude this novel factor instead imply that the central bank played little role in ending the crisis. I argue that this new factor reflects ECB communications that respond to certain countries’ conditions beyond their share of Euro area activity, mostly during the crisis period. In the second and third chapters, I address how the complexity in the language used in policy statements affects economic outcomes. More specifically, in the second chapter I look at the textual information in monetary policy announcements to show that complex language reduces the effects of monetary policy shocks on asset prices. Finally, in the third chapter I look at how the general public, a non-specialized audience, reacts to distinct policy statements that only differ in the complexity of the words used, by making use of a novel Randomized Control Trial experiment with new survey data. For this audience, a simpler message is more effective in shaping households’ expectations and enhancing understanding, but it reduces the credibility of the Federal Reserve relative to more complex, and less easily understood, communication.
Barjols, place des Greniers, réserve de bois pour l'atelier Fabre
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
title: Hadron spectroscopy of pseudoscalar and vector meson photoproduction using linearly polarised photons at CLAS
Creators: name: Clark, Louise
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2022

description: The field of hadron spectroscopy is informed by experiments which study excited states of the nucleon by detecting the decay products following excitation with a hadronic, leptonic or electromagnetic probe. Experiments using a polarised beam of photons provide an important contribution to the world data. This thesis describes the analysis of data from one such experiment, the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer at Jefferson Laboratory, Virginia, USA. In the experiment, an incident beam of electrons passes through a diamond radiator producing a linearly polarised photon beam of energy from 1.1 to 2.1 GeV on a liquid hydrogen target. The analysis method and results for two reaction channels are presented. In the first analysis, the polarisation observables {Σ,P,T,Ox,Oz} for the reaction −→γ p → K 0 S Σ + are extracted simultaneously using likelihood sampling with Markov-Chain Monte-Carlo. The results are presented as angular distributions (cosθK 0 S ) for bins in photon energy Eγ for a total of 21 bins. The values extracted for T, Ox and Oz are a first measurement of these quantities for this reaction and the beam asymmetry (Σ) measurement supplements the one previous measurement for this quantity and extends the energy range over which it has been extracted. The measurement of the recoil polarisation, P, is consistent with previous measurements. In a second analysis, the spin density matrix elements (SDMEs) for γ p → p φ are extracted using similar analysis techniques. The results are presented as angular distributions (cosθφ ) for bins in photon energy Eγ for a total of 24 bins. This work is the first to extract all nine SDMEs for the full angular range of the φ meson production. A comparison is made to the predictions of the Vector Meson Dominance (VMD) model and the results provide evidence for contributing processes other than VMD, particularly at more backward angles of the φ meson production. The data also indicate non-helicity conserving process in both the s-channel and the t-channel. The results from the first analysis have been passed to the Juelich-Bonn theory group and the effect of including the new data within their dynamical coupled channel model is described. Several nucleon resonances are affected and the impact on the pole positions, widths and photon decay amplitudes of the affected resonances is described.
Modified quantum-speed-limit bounds for open quantum dynamics in quantum channels
Creators: name: Liu, Xin
name: Wu, Wei
name: Wang, Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The minimal evolution time between two distinguishable states is of fundamental interest in quantum physics. Very recently Mirkin et al. argue that some most common quantum-speed-limit (QSL) bounds which depend on the actual evolution time do not cleave to the essence of the QSL theory as they grow indefinitely but the final state is reached at a finite time in a damped Jaynes-Cummings (JC) model. In this paper, we thoroughly study this puzzling phenomenon. We find the inconsistent estimates will happen if and only if the limit of resolution of a calculation program is achieved, through which we propose that the nature of the inconsistency is not a violation to the essence of the QSL theory but an illusion caused by the finite precision in numerical simulations. We also present a generic method to overcome the inconsistent estimates and confirm its effectiveness in both amplitude-damping and phase-damping channels. Additionally, we show special cases which may restrict the QSL bound defined by "quantumness".
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Scalable quantum computation based on quantum actuated nuclear-spin decoherence-free qubits
Creators: name: Rong, Xing
name: Dong, Lihong
name: Geng, Jianpei
name: Shi, Fazhan
name: Li, Zhaokai
name: Duan, Changkui
name: Du, Jiangfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel architecture for scalable quantum computation based on quantum actuated decoherence-free (DF) qubits. Each qubit is encoded by the DF subspace of a nuclear spin pair and has long coherence time. A nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond is chosen as the quantum actuator to realize initialization, readout and universal control of DF qubits with fidelities higher than 99%. It reduces the challenge of classical interfaces from controlling and observing complex quantum systems down to a simple quantum actuator. Our scheme also provides a novel way to handle complex quantum systems.
Construction of a stable blowup solution with a prescribed behavior for a non-scaling invariant semilinear heat equation
Creators: name: Duong, G. K.
name: Nguyen, V. T.
name: Zaag, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K50, 35B40

description: We consider the semilinear heat equation \begin{eqnarray*} \partial_t u = Δu + |u|^{p-1} u \ln ^α( u^2 +2), \end{eqnarray*} in the whole space $\mathbb{R}^n$, where $p > 1$ and $ α\in \mathbb{R}$. Unlike the standard case $α= 0$, this equation is not scaling invariant. We construct for this equation a solution which blows up in finite time $T$ only at one blowup point $a$, according to the following asymptotic dynamics: \begin{eqnarray*} u(x,t) \sim ψ(t) \left(1 + \frac{(p-1)|x-a|^2}{4p(T -t)|\ln(T -t)|} \right)^{-\frac{1}{p-1}} \text{ as } t \to T, \end{eqnarray*} where $ψ(t)$ is the unique positive solution of the ODE \begin{eqnarray*} ψ' = ψ^p \ln^α(ψ^2 +2), \quad \lim_{t\to T}ψ(t) = + \infty. \end{eqnarray*} The construction relies on the reduction of the problem to a finite dimensional one and a topological argument based on the index theory to get the conclusion. By the interpretation of the parameters of the finite dimensional problem in terms of the blowup time and the blowup point, we show the stability of the constructed solution with respect to perturbations in initial data. To our knowledge, this is the first successful construction for a genuinely non-scale invariant PDE of a stable blowup solution with the derivation of the blowup profile. From this point of view, we consider our result as a breakthrough.
description: 26 pages
Dynamic Canonical and Microcanonical Transition Matrix Analyses of Critical Behavior
Creators: name: Yevick, David
name: Lee, Yong Hwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By monitoring the sampling of states with different magnetizations in transition matrix procedures a family of accurate and easily implemented techniques are constructed that automatically control the variation of the temperature or energy as the calculation proceeds. The accuracy of the method for a single Markov chain exceeds that of standard transition matrix procedures that accumulate elements from multiple chains.
description: 17 pagess 10 figures
Phononic Josephson oscillation and self-trapping with two-phonon exchange interaction
Creators: name: Xu, Xun-Wei
name: Chen, Ai-Xi
name: Liu, Yu-xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a bosonic Josephson junction (BJJ) in two nonlinear mechanical resonator coupled through two-phonon exchange interaction induced by quadratic optomechanical couplings. The nonlinear dynamic equations and effective Hamiltonian are derived to describe behaviors of the BJJ. We show that the BJJ can work in two different dynamical regimes: Josephson oscillation and macroscopic self-trapping. The system can transfer from one regime to the other one when the self-interaction and asymmetric parameters exceed their critical values. We predict that a transition from Josephson oscillation to macroscopic self-trapping can be induced by the phonon damping in the asymmetric BJJs. Our results opens up a way to demonstrate BJJ with two-phonon exchange interaction and can be applied to other systems, such as the optical and microwave systems.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Barjols, atelier Fabre, fabrication du tambourin, moule extensible à placer à l'intérieur de l'instrument
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Sardinia Radio Telescope observations of Abell 194 - the intra-cluster magnetic field power spectrum
Creators: name: Govoni, F.
name: Murgia, M.
name: Vacca, V.
name: Loi, F.
name: Girardi, M.
name: Gastaldello, F.
name: Giovannini, G.
name: Feretti, L.
name: Paladino, R.
name: Carretti, E.
name: Concu, R.
name: Melis, A.
name: Poppi, S.
name: Valente, G.
name: Bernardi, G.
name: Bonafede, A.
name: Boschin, W.
name: Brienza, M.
name: Clarke, T. E.
name: Colafrancesco, S.
name: de Gasperin, F.
name: Eckert, D.
name: Ensslin, T. A.
name: Ferrari, C.
name: Gregorini, L.
name: Johnston-Hollitt, M.
name: Junklewitz, H.
name: Orru', E.
name: Parma, P.
name: Perley, R.
name: Rossetti, M.
name: Taylor, G. B
name: Vazza, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the intra-cluster magnetic field in the poor galaxy cluster Abell 194 by complementing radio data, at different frequencies, with data in the optical and X-ray bands. We analyze new total intensity and polarization observations of Abell 194 obtained with the Sardinia Radio Telescope (SRT). We use the SRT data in combination with archival Very Large Array observations to derive both the spectral aging and Rotation Measure (RM) images of the radio galaxies 3C40A and 3C40B embedded in Abell 194. The optical analysis indicates that Abell 194 does not show a major and recent cluster merger, but rather agrees with a scenario of accretion of small groups. Under the minimum energy assumption, the lifetimes of synchrotron electrons in 3C40B measured from the spectral break are found to be 157 Myrs. The break frequency image and the electron density profile inferred from the X-ray emission are used in combination with the RM data to constrain the intra-cluster magnetic field power spectrum. By assuming a Kolmogorov power law power spectrum, we find that the RM data in Abell 194 are well described by a magnetic field with a maximum scale of fluctuations of Lambda_max=64 kpc and a central magnetic field strength of =1.5 microG. Further out, the field decreases with the radius following the gas density to the power of eta=1.1. Comparing Abell 194 with a small sample of galaxy clusters, there is a hint of a trend between central electron densities and magnetic field strengths.
description: Accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysics, 29 pages, 15 figures. Abstract abridged. A pdf version with high-quality figures can be downloaded from http://erg.oa-cagliari.inaf.it/preprints/a194_paper.pdf
Is there a narrow $N(1685)$?
Creators: name: Anisovich, A. V.
name: Burkert, V.
name: Klempt, E.
name: Nikonov, V. A.
name: Sarantsev, A. V.
name: Thoma, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The helicity-dependent observable $E$ for the reaction $γd\to ηn (p)$ with a spectator proton was recently measured by the A2 Collaboration at MAMI in Mainz. The data were interpreted as further evidence for a narrow resonance with spin and parity $J^P=1/2^+$ ($P_{11}$ wave). However, a full partial wave analysis without any narrow resonance leads to an excellent description of the data, imposing a narrow resonance with the properties suggested by the A2 Collaboration leads to a significant deterioration of the fit quality: there is no need for a narrow resonance.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures
Non proportionality dependence on shaping time
Creators: name: Beretta, M.
name: Capelli, S.
name: Gironi, L.
name: Previtali, E.
name: Sisti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years the scintillation mechanism of inorganic crystals has been extensively investigated in different studies. The main issues are the non-proportionality mechanism of the light response versus energy and its connection with the shaping time used for the scintillation signals. In this study the Compton coincidence technique has been used to measure the relative non-proportionality of three crystals: CdWO$_{4}$, BGO, and NaI(Tl). To test the non-proportionality dependence on shaping time, the preamplified scintillator pulses have been digitized and shaped with a digital trapezoidal filter. Since no analogic shaping occurs the majority of the scintillation components are digitized, thus avoiding major information losses. The obtained results suggest the existence of a correlation between the time constant of the scintillation emission and light yield.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Determining the minimum embedding dimension for state space reconstruction through recurrence networks
Creators: name: Harikrishnan, K. P.
name: Jacob, Rinku
name: Misra, R.
name: Ambika, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of observed time series from nonlinear systems is usually done by making a time-delay reconstruction to unfold the dynamics on a multi-dimensional state space. An important aspect of the analysis is the choice of the correct embedding dimension. The conventional procedure used for this is either the method of false nearest neighbors or the saturation of some invariant measure, such as, correlation dimension. Here we examine this issue from a complex network perspective and propose a recurrence network based measure to determine the acceptable minimum embedding dimension to be used for such analysis. The measure proposed here is based on the well known Kullback-Leibler divergence commonly used in information theory. We show that the measure is simple and direct to compute and give accurate result for short time series. To show the significance of the measure in the analysis of practical data, we present the analysis of two EEG signals as examples.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Pramana( J Phys)
Recurrent network dynamics in visual cortex: a neural mechanism for spatiotemporal integration
Creators: name: Joukes, Jeroen
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2016

description: We present a data-driven computational approach for studying neural systems. In this approach one starts with experimental stimuli (inputs) and measured neuronal responses (outputs). The relationship between the inputs and outputs is modeled with an artificial recurrent neural network (ARNN). A detailed investigation of the network weights and response properties of the connected elements, together with simulated experiments performed on the ARNN leads to significant new insights and new hypotheses about the underlying neural mechanisms. We first applied this approach to motion responses of neurons in the macaque middle temporal area (MT). This provided the novel insight that recurrent networks dynamics can explain complex motion tuned response dynamics found in MT neurons, without the need for feedforward temporal delay lines. In our second study we used this approach to model the early visual form processing pathway of the macaque brain. Neurons in the secondary visual cortex (V2) were stimulated with textured stimuli designed to probe the visual systems for complex visual shapes. The approach led to the novel hypothesis that selectivity for complex form depends on selectivity for motion. For the third study we extended the approach by taking advantage of chronically implanted microelectrode arrays (FMA) in primary visual cortex (V1) of the awake behaving macaque. With the FMA we collected V1 responses on day one, fitted an ARNN, explored the detailed properties of the ARNN the following days, and tested model predictions with a V1 validation experiment within the same week. We found that V1 selectivity for form is much more complex than commonly thought and includes spatiotemporal interactions between multiple hotspots in the receptive field. With this approach we found complex V1 tuning properties that are currently thought to primarily arise higher up in the visual processing stream. We conclude that ARNNs can offer a useful tool set for systems neuroscience; the powerful computational approach, together with carefully designed experiments, provides novel hypotheses and insights into the complexity of neural function.
Measurement of gamma quantum interaction point in plastic scintillator with WLS strips
Creators: name: Smyrski, J.
name: Alfs, D.
name: Bednarski, T.
name: Białas, P.
name: Czerwiński, E.
name: Dulski, K.
name: Gajos, A.
name: Głowacz, B.
name: Gupta-Sharma, N.
name: Gorgol, M.
name: Jasińska, B.
name: Kajetanowicz, M.
name: Kamińska, D.
name: Korcyl, G.
name: Kowalski, P.
name: Krzemień, W.
name: Krawczyk, N.
name: Kubicz, E.
name: Mohammed, M.
name: Niedźwiecki, Sz.
name: Pawlik-Niedźwiecka, M.
name: Raczyński, L.
name: Rudy, Z.
name: Salabura, P.
name: Silarski, M.
name: Strzelecki, A.
name: Wieczorek, A.
name: Wiślicki, W.
name: Wojnarska, J.
name: Zgardzińska, B.
name: Zieliński, M.
name: Moskal, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrated the feasibility of measuring the axial coordinate of a gamma quantum interaction point in a plastic scintillator bar via the detection of scintillation photons escaping from the scintillator with an array of wavelength-shifting (WLS) strips. Using a test set-up comprising a BC-420 scintillator bar and an~array of sixteen BC-482A WLS strips we achieved a spatial resolution of~5\,mm~($σ$) for annihilation photons from a $^{22}$Na isotope. The studied method can be used to improve the spatial resolution of a plastic-scintillator-based PET scanner which is being developed by the J-PET collaboration.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures; Submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A
Modeling Events as Machines
Creators: name: Al-Fedaghi, Sabah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The notion of events has occupied a central role in modeling and has an influence in computer science and philosophy. Recent developments in diagrammatic modeling have made it possible to examine conceptual representation of events. This paper explores some aspects of the notion of events that are produced by applying a new diagrammatic methodology with a focus on the interaction of events with such concepts as time and space, objects. The proposed description applies to abstract machines where events form the dynamic phases of a system. The results of this nontechnical research can be utilized in many fields where the notion of an event is typically used in interdisciplinary application.
Magnetopumping current in graphene Corbino pump
Creators: name: Abdollahipour, Babak
name: Moomivand, Elham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study conductance and adiabatic pumped charge and spin currents in a graphene quantum pump with Corbino geometry in the presence of an applied perpendicular magnetic field. The pump is driven by the periodic and out of phase modulations of the magnetic field and an electrostatic potential applied to the ring area of the pump. We show that the Zeeman splitting, despite of its smallness, can suppress the conductance oscillations at the zero doping and in a threshold value for the flux piercing the ring area which depends on the inner lead radius and thus on the flux penetrating in it. Moreover, it generates a considerable spin conductance at infinitesimal nonzero doping and at the magnetic flux, that charge conductance starts to suppress. We find that the pumped charge and spin currents increase by the magnetic field with small oscillations until they start to suppress due to the effect of the nonzero doping and the Zeeman splitting. In graphene Corbino pumps with small inner leads the Zeeman splitting shows its effect in a large value of the magnetic field and thus we can get a considerable pumped charge and spin currents at the enough small magnetic fields.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
The role of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in fear and anxiety
Creators: name: Gungor, Nur Zeynep
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2016

description: The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is a poorly understood brain structure. Most prior behavioral studies used experimental manipulations that affected the entire BNST. However recent research has made it clear that different BNST subdivisions, as well as different cell types within these divisions, serve different functions. Also, although the roles of BNST and central amygdala (CeA) in negative emotions are well established, little is known about their influence on each other. In this thesis, using in vitro whole cell patch clamp recordings, I investigated (1) how a particular peptide, called calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), regulates anxiety by acting on the neurons in the anterolateral BNST (BNST -AL), (2) BNST's projections to CeA, (3) the characteristics of different cell types in anteroventral BNST (BNST-AV) and their modulation by noradrenaline (NA) .
Determination of oxygen vacancy limit in Mn substituted YSZ ceramics
Creators: name: Stępień, Joanna
name: Sikora, Marcin
name: Kapusta, Czesław
name: Pomykalska, Daria
name: Bućko, Mirosław M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The series of Mnx(Y0.148Zr0.852)1-xO2-δ ceramics was systematically studied by means of X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy and DC magnetic susceptibility. XAS and XES results show changes in manganese oxidation state and a gradual evolution of the local atomic environment around Mn ions upon increasing dopants content, which is due to structural relaxation caused by growing amount of oxygen vacancies. Magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal that Mn3O4 precipitates are formed for x greater than or equal to 0.1 and enable independent determination of actual quantity of Mn ions dissolved in YSZ solid solution. We show that amount of oxygen vacancies generated by manganese doping into YSZ is limited to 0.19 per formula unit.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Monmouth University Poll: Maryland GOP Primary, April 2016
Creators: name: Monmouth University Polling Institute
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2024

description: Registered to vote (1); voter likelihood (1); Republican/Democratic presidential primary (2); Republican presidential primary candidates (3); Businessman Donald Trump vs. Former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton vs. an Independent (1); Senator Ted Cruz vs. Clinton vs. an Independent (1); Ohio Governor John Kasich vs. Clinton vs. an Independent (1); Maryland Governor Larry Hogan Trump Support (2).
Voltage dependence and activation mechanisms of the neuromodulatory inward current (IMI) in the stomatogastric ganglion of C. borealis
Creators: name: Gray, Michael
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2015

description: The Neuromodulatory Inward Current (IMI) of the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) in Cancer borealis is an inward difference current elicited by neuromodulators whose current voltage relation (IV curve) has been shown to be crucial to transitioning the pyloric network of this system from non-oscillating to oscillating states. Here, models of the second messenger signaling of both this current’s activation and voltage dependence are constructed and tested. First, we examine how the proctolin receptor activates IMI with the hypothesis that it signals through an intermediate signaling component. This is tested by bath application and pressure injection of agonists and antagonists of second messenger systems and examining their effect on neuromodulator induced IMI. Consistent with this hypothesis, it is found that this proctolin-induced IMI is sensitive to modulators of G-protein function. Also consistent with this hypothesis, it is found that proctolin-induced IMI is sensitive to modulators of intracellular calcium concentration and calmodulin activated kinases. In contrast, there seems to be no effect to acute applications of pharmaceutical activators and inhibitors of cyclic nucleotides, Phospholipase C, and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. Next, we examine the mechanism of IMI voltage dependence that has been shown to be dependent upon extracellular calcium level and calmodulin signaling which we show is necessary for IMI voltage dependence by finding that application of calmodulin antagonists in normal calcium reduces IMI voltage dependence. However, it is found that calmodulin activators do not rescue IMI voltage dependence in low calcium so we propose that a Calcium Sensitive Receptor (CaSR) maintains IMI voltage dependence by active detection of extracellular calcium. This hypothesis is supported by several lines of evidence. First, IMI slope was increased by the specific calcium sensitive receptor antagonist NPS-2143 suggesting CaSR involvement. Second, IMI slope conductance was increased by exposure to the βγ-subunit inhibitor, gallein, suggesting that voltage dependence can be modulated by the βγ-subunit of trimeric g-proteins. Third, W7 induced linearization of IMI was reduced by pre-incubation of preparations with endocytosis inhibitors, suggesting that downregulation of a receptor is mediating W7 induced changes in IMI voltage dependence. Together, these results support the hypothesis that IMI voltage dependence is mediated at least in part by a CaSR-like G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR).
Laboratory and telescope demonstration of the TP3-WFS for the adaptive optics segment of AOLI
Creators: name: Colodro-Conde, C.
name: Velasco, S.
name: Valdivia, J. J. F.
name: López, R. L.
name: Oscoz, A.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Femenía, B.
name: King, D. L.
name: Labadie, L.
name: Mackay, C.
name: Muthusubramanian, B.
name: Garrido, A. Pérez
name: Puga, M.
name: Rodríguez-Coira, G.
name: Rodríguez-Ramos, L. F.
name: Rodríguez-Ramos, J. M.
name: Toledo-Moreo, R.
name: Villó-Pérez, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AOLI (Adaptive Optics Lucky Imager) is a state-of-art instrument that combines adaptive optics (AO) and lucky imaging (LI) with the objective of obtaining diffraction limited images in visible wavelength at mid- and big-size ground-based telescopes. The key innovation of AOLI is the development and use of the new TP3-WFS (Two Pupil Plane Positions Wavefront Sensor). The TP3-WFS, working in visible band, represents an advance over classical wavefront sensors such as the Shack-Hartmann WFS (SH-WFS) because it can theoretically use fainter natural reference stars, which would ultimately provide better sky coverages to AO instruments using this newer sensor. This paper describes the software, algorithms and procedures that enabled AOLI to become the first astronomical instrument performing real-time adaptive optics corrections in a telescope with this new type of WFS, including the first control-related results at the William Herschel Telescope (WHT).
description: 15 pages, 18 figures, Accepted 2017 January 27
A Good Neighbor With a Gun? Experiments on Preferences for Social Proximity and Interaction
Creators: name: Pickett, Justin
name: Sola, Justin
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Race and Ethnicity
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Social Psychology and Interaction
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Inequality and Stratification
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Law
subject: Social Control, Law, Crime, and Deviance
subject: Conjoint analysis
subject: Gun desirabiliity
subject: Gun safety
subject: Gun storage
subject: Neighbor preferences
subject: Party preferences
subject: Racial inequality

description: Two survey experiments, conjoint and pictured-based vignette, with US residents designed to:
● Test the effect of gun ownership on US residents' neighbor preferences
● Test how party affiliation, gun ownership, childhood socialization, and gun desirability moderate the above effects, under the expectation that they will
● Test how a gun-owning neighbor's gun storage practices affect US residents' (dis)comfort socializing with that neighbor
● Test how party affiliation, gun ownership, childhood socialization, and gun desirability moderate the above effects, under the expectation that they will NOT
Long-lived mesoscopic entanglement between two damped infinite harmonic chains
Creators: name: Benatti, F.
name: Carollo, F.
name: Floreanini, R.
name: Surace, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two chains, each made of $N$ independent oscillators, immersed in a common thermal bath and study the dynamics of their mutual quantum correlations in the thermodynamic, large-$N$ limit. We show that dissipation and noise due to the presence of the external environment are able to generate collective quantum correlations between the two chains at the mesoscopic level. The created collective quantum entanglement between the two many-body systems turns out to be rather robust, surviving for asymptotically long times even for non vanishing bath temperatures.
description: LaTeX, 38 pages, 7 figures