cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Primordial non-Gaussian signatures in CMB polarization
Creators: name: Ganesan, Vidhya
name: Chingangbam, Pravabati
name: Yogendran, K. P.
name: Park, Changbom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the signatures of local type primordial non-Gaussianity, parametrized by $\fnl$, of scalar perturbations in CMB polarization using the probability distribution functions, Minkowski Functionals and Betti numbers. We show that the lowest order non-Gaussian deviation of the PDF of the total polarization intensity is at order $(\fnlσ)^2$. We calculate the non-Gaussian deviations of Minkowski Functionals and Betti numbers from simulated polarization maps. We find that $E$ mode polarization provides independent and equally strong constraint on $\fnl$ as temperature fluctuations. The non-Gaussian signal in the total polarization intensity, however, is much weaker and has a relatively large cosmic variance and hence may not be useful for detecting local type non-Gaussianity.
description: 1+16 pages
Additional file 1 of Grapevine bacterial communities display compartment-specific dynamics over space and time within the Central Valley of California
Creators: name: Swift, Joel F.
name: Migicovsky, Zoë
name: Trello, Grace E.
name: Miller, Allison J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Figure S1 Environmental parameters for each vineyard. Figure S2 Collection timeline for 2018 and 2019. Figure S3 Discretization of sugar content values. Figure S4 Out-of-bag error estimates for random forest models across values for the number of trees. Figure S5 Venn diagrams depicting the overlap of ASVs between compartments and soil. Figure S6 Principal coordinate analysis of Bray-Curtis dissimilarity for all compartments. Figure S7 Principal coordinate analysis of Bray-Curtis dissimilarity each experimental factor across compartments. Figure S8 Confusion matrices for each experimental factor. Figure S9 Relative importance of phyla to random forest classifiers for each experimental factor. Figure S10 Individual ASVs contributing to the accuracy of random forest classifiers for each experimental factor.
title: ВАКЦИНАЦИЯ ОТ COVID 19: ПРЕДРАССУДКИ, ПРЕДУБЕЖДЕНИЯ И ИСТИНА
Creators: name: Сергиенко, Диана Фикретовна
name: Кузьмин, Евгений Александрович
name: Эмеева, Зайнаб Юсуповна
name: Косарева, Анастасия Романовна
name: Абдулаева, Патимат Муртазалиевна
name: Погосян, Карина Араратовна
name: Заплавный, Виктор Михайлович
Publisher: name: Астраханский государственный медицинский университет
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Представлен краткий обзор случаев возникновения коронавирусных инфекций, история изучения и современная классификация коронавирусов. Рассмотрены статистические данные по распространенности новой коронавирусной инфекции в Российской Федерации в целом и в Аст- раханской области в частности, а также в ряде других стран. Проанализирован исторический аспект вакцинации, показаны примеры эффективности вакцинопрофилактики как у детей, так и у взрослых по отношению к новой коронавирусной инфекции. Изложены как аргументы, так и контраргументы необходимости вакцинопрофилактики, которые затрагивают вопросы патогенеза, тяжести течения коронавирусной инфекции, модификации вакцины в зависимости от выявления новых штаммов ко- ронавирусов, векторных технологий, способствующих быстрому созданию вакцины, эффективности существующих в России вакцин. Изложены методы борьбы с коронавирусной инфекцией – осущест- вляемая волонтерами-медиками информационно-просветительская деятельность, создание тест- систем для мультиплексных ПЦР.
TILES: An Artistic Exploration into Islamic Geometric Patterns
Creators: name: Omar, Humza
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: This research project intends to educate my community about the art of Islamic geometric patterns, which I first experienced within the tiles of the Alhambra Palace in Grenada, Spain. We will educate by exploring the significance of these patterns and analyzing various styles of this art form. We will use two methods. Firstly, I will create a series of 4 paintings depicting these geometric patterns. These paintings serve as examples of these patterns allowing viewers to analyze and visually explore on their own. Secondly, I will create a website where each work is complemented by a written piece describing the style depicted in that work, its significance, and its origins. QR-codes will accompany each painting connecting viewers directly to the online work.
전망이론에 관한 실험적 연구
Creators: name: Romero Castro, Isidro Galileo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: 전망이론
실험적 연구
효율적 시장가설

description: 효율적 시장가설 (이하 EMH)은 광범위하게 연구된 영역이며 대체로 재무 분야에서 하나의 기술이론(descriptive theory)로 받아들여다. EMH는 주로 정보가 시장에서 가격 변동을 조장하는 일차적인 요소라고 말한다. 뿐만 아니라 투자자들의 재정거래 과정과 합리적인 행동들 역시 시장가격에 영향을 끼친다. EMH에 대한 가장 중요한 비판은 모든 투자자들이 그들의 결정에서 ‚합리적'이며 가격이 항상 실제 주가를 반영한다는 가정이다. 반면, 일부 ‚비합리적인' 투자자들이 있을 경우, 이들의 비합리적인 투자는 다른 비합리적인 투자자들의 비합리적인 결정에 의해 취소될 것이며 시장은 계속해서 합리적이고 효율적인 상태를 유지할 것이다. 만약 한 투자자가 합리적이라고 가정한다면, 그러한 투자자는 기대효용이론(이하 EUT)의 기본 원칙을 따를 것이며, 이것은 전통적인 경제학에서 합리적인 모델이다. 한 실험에서, Kahneman 와 Tversky (1979)는 사람들이 위험과 불확실성이 있는 상황에서 의사결정을 위한 ‚합리적인' 모델을 항상 따르는 것은 아니며, 그들의 의사결정 패턴이 합리적인 모델로 설명되지 않는다는 사실을 알게 되었다. 이러한 결과는 금융시장에 대한 대안적인 설명을 제공하는 심리적 모델을 통합하는 새로운 이론으로 이어진다. 이러한 이론적, 경험적 증거에 대한 연구는 행동재무론 (이하 BF)이라고도 알려져 있다.
The role of field correlations on turbulent dissipation
Creators: name: Pouquet, Annick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear phenomena and turbulence are central to our understanding and modeling the dynamics of fluids and plasmas, and yet they still resist analytical resolutions in many instances. However, progress has been made recently, displaying a richness of phenomena which was somewhat unexpected a few years back, such as the double constant-flux cascades of a same invariant to both the large and to the small scales, or the presence of non-Gaussian wings in the large-scale fields, for fluids and plasmas. Here, I will concentrate on the direct measurement of the magnitude of dissipation and an evaluation of intermittency in a turbulent plasma using exact laws stemming from invariance principles and involving cross-correlation tensors with both the velocity and the magnetic fields. I will illustrate these points through scaling laws, together with data analysis from existing experiments, observations and numerical simulations. Finally, I will also briefly explore the possible implications for validity and use of several modeling strategies. To appear, Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, 2023.
On functions of bounded semivariation
Creators: name: Monteiro, Giselle Antunes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A45

description: The concept of bounded variation has been generalized in many ways. In the frame of functions taking values in Banach space, the concept of bounded semivariation is a very important generalization. The aim of this paper is to provide an accessible summary on this notion, to illustrate it with an appropriate body of examples, and to outline its connection with the integration theory due to Kurzweil.
description: 39 pages, to be submitted to Real Analysis Exchange
Equilibrium Thermodynamic Effects of Sugar-based Polymers on Protein-complex Formation
Creators: name: Redvanly, Thomas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The insides of cells are crowded. To model these conditions, synthetic crowders like Ficoll can be used to create crowded environments in vitro. Classic crowding models suggest that hard-core repulsions have the only effect on protein-complex stability. However, these theories neglect the contribution of “soft” chemical interactions. Such interactions can be stabilizing, if repulsive, and destabilizing, if attractive. To study how protein-protein interactions are affected by crowding, I investigated the effects of Ficoll on the equilibrium thermodynamics of protein complexes. Specifically, I quantified the temperature-dependence of this interaction to determine the enthalpic contribution. I found that Ficoll has a measurable enthalpic contribution to protein complex stability that was otherwise disregarded in classic crowding theories.
Radial pulsations, moment of inertia and tidal deformability of dark energy stars
Creators: name: Pretel, Juan M. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct dark energy stars with Chaplygin-type equation of state (EoS) in the presence of anisotropic pressure within the framework of Einstein gravity. From the classification established by Iyer et al. [Class. Quantum Grav. 2, 219 (1985)], we discuss the possible existence of isotropic dark energy stars as compact objects. However, there is the possibility of constructing ultra-compact stars for sufficiently large anisotropies. We investigate the stellar stability against radial oscillations, and we also determine the moment of inertia and tidal deformability of these stars. We find that the usual static criterion for radial stability $dM/dρ_c >0$ still holds for dark energy stars since the squared frequency of the fundamental pulsation mode vanishes at the critical central density corresponding to the maximum-mass configuration. The dependence of the tidal Love number on the anisotropy parameter $α$ is also examined. We show that the surface gravitational redshift, moment of inertia and dimensionless tidal deformability undergo significant changes due to anisotropic pressure, primarily in the high-mass region. Furthermore, in light of the detection of gravitational waves GW190814, we explore the possibility of describing the secondary component of such event as a stable dark energy star in the presence of anisotropy.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures and 2 tables. Accepted for publication in European Physical Journal C
title: Handlungsrepertoire in herausfordernden Lehr-Lern-Szenarien
title: Reaktionen von Lehramtsstudierenden für sonderpädagogische Förderung auf ängstliche und aggressive Verhaltensweisen
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Jansen, Fabienne
Publisher: name: Universität Paderborn
Year: 2020

description: Paderborner Schriften zur sonderpädagogischen Förderung, Band 4
Experimental evidence of a crossover between cooperative relaxation and liquid growth dynamics
Creators: name: Vila-Costa, Ana
name: Gonzalez-Silveira, Marta
name: Rodríguez-Tinoco, Cristian
name: Rodríguez-López, Marta
name: Rodríguez-Viejo, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In stark contrast with the conventional understanding of the glass transition, where the transition from glass to liquid appears as a dynamic process where atoms/molecules cooperatively relax into the equilibrium phase, we experimentally show that the nature of the glass transition depends at a given temperature on the ratio between the relaxation time of the glass, τ_glass, taken as its transformation time, and the alpha relaxation time, τ_α. Although the relaxation of liquid-cooled glasses is not totally synchronous, due to the existence of a distribution of relaxation times, there has been no clear observation of phase separation. However, at temperatures at which τ_glass/τ_α is large, high mobility regions nucleate into the liquid phase that subsequently grow by dynamic facilitation before, or while, cooperative glass relaxation sets into play. On the contrary, at temperatures associated to smaller τ_glass/τ_α the glass transition proceeds by cooperative relaxation dynamics all across the material. This behavior is independent of the experimental procedure or protocol to produce the glass.
description: This article has been published in Nature Physics (2022)
Learning-based Design and Control for Quadrupedal Robots with Parallel-Elastic Actuators
Creators: name: Bjelonic, Filip
name: Lee, Joonho
name: Arm, Philip
name: Sako, Dhionis
name: Tateo, Davide
name: Peters, Jan
name: Hutter, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Parallel-elastic joints can improve the efficiency and strength of robots by assisting the actuators with additional torques. For these benefits to be realized, a spring needs to be carefully designed. However, designing robots is an iterative and tedious process, often relying on intuition and heuristics. We introduce a design optimization framework that allows us to co-optimize a parallel elastic knee joint and locomotion controller for quadrupedal robots with minimal human intuition. We design a parallel elastic joint and optimize its parameters with respect to the efficiency in a model-free fashion. In the first step, we train a design-conditioned policy using model-free Reinforcement Learning, capable of controlling the quadruped in the predefined range of design parameters. Afterwards, we use Bayesian Optimization to find the best design using the policy. We use this framework to optimize the parallel-elastic spring parameters for the knee of our quadrupedal robot ANYmal together with the optimal controller. We evaluate the optimized design and controller in real-world experiments over various terrains. Our results show that the new system improves the torque-square efficiency of the robot by 33% compared to the baseline and reduces maximum joint torque by 30% without compromising tracking performance. The improved design resulted in 11% longer operation time on flat terrain.
Hubble Space Telescope Spectroscopy of Brown Dwarfs Discovered with the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer
Creators: name: Schneider, Adam C.
name: Cushing, Michael C.
name: Kirkpatrick, J. Davy
name: Gelino, Christopher R.
name: Mace, Gregory N.
name: Wright, Edward L.
name: Eisenhardt, Peter R.
name: Skrutskie, M. F.
name: Griffith, Roger L.
name: Marsh, Kenneth A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a sample of brown dwarfs identified with the {\it Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer} (WISE) for which we have obtained {\it Hubble Space Telescope} ({\it HST}) Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) near-infrared grism spectroscopy. The sample (twenty-two in total) was observed with the G141 grism covering 1.10$-$1.70 $μ$m, while fifteen were also observed with the G102 grism, which covers 0.90$-$1.10 $μ$m. The additional wavelength coverage provided by the G102 grism allows us to 1) search for spectroscopic features predicted to emerge at low effective temperatures (e.g.\ ammonia bands) and 2) construct a smooth spectral sequence across the T/Y boundary. We find no evidence of absorption due to ammonia in the G102 spectra. Six of these brown dwarfs are new discoveries, three of which are found to have spectral types of T8 or T9. The remaining three, WISE J082507.35$+$280548.5 (Y0.5), WISE J120604.38$+$840110.6 (Y0), and WISE J235402.77$+$024015.0 (Y1) are the nineteenth, twentieth, and twenty-first spectroscopically confirmed Y dwarfs to date. We also present {\it HST} grism spectroscopy and reevaluate the spectral types of five brown dwarfs for which spectral types have been determined previously using other instruments.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. 20 pages, 18 figures, 7 tables
Testing Novel Podocyte Slit Diaphragm Protein Conservation in Danio rerio (Zebrafish)
Creators: name: Imseis, Zachary
name: Gerlach, Gary
name: O'Brien, Lori
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Kidneys are vital organs responsible for filtering and removing toxins from the blood. The major filtration unit of the kidney is the nephron. The nephron consists of the glomerulus and tubules. The glomerulus consists of three components: fenestrated endothelium, the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), and podocytes. Podocytes are highly specialized epithelial cells with long protrusions called foot processes that connect to each other via specialized junctions called slit diaphragms (SD). The SD is largely responsible for the integrity of the glomerulus. Lack of the SD contributes to a loss of podocyte integrity; however, only a small number of proteins are known to localize in the SD. One protein known to localize in the SD is podocin. We utilized proximity-dependent Biotin Identification (BioID). We utilized CRISPR-Cas9-based gene editing to knock in the BioID moiety to the endogenous NPHS2 locus (Podocin). BioID allows for the biotinylation of a protein of interest (POI) by fusing a mutated promiscuous prokaryotic biotin ligase to the endogenous locus of our target gene, NPHS2 (Podocin). This biochemical assay allowed us to identify the repertoire of proteins within the podocyte foot process. We identified a novel Immunoglobulin-like domain-containing receptor 2 (Ildr2) within the podocyte SD. Recent data from sc-RNAseq databases evince Ildr2 expression in human podocytes. By utilizing zebrafish and mice, the importance of this novel immunoglobulin family protein can be tested in podocyte integrity. Our innovative method has allowed us to identify novel proteins of the SD and potential new therapeutic targets for kidney disease.
SCENE: Reasoning about Traffic Scenes using Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks
Creators: name: Monninger, Thomas
name: Schmidt, Julian
name: Rupprecht, Jan
name: Raba, David
name: Jordan, Julian
name: Frank, Daniel
name: Staab, Steffen
name: Dietmayer, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Understanding traffic scenes requires considering heterogeneous information about dynamic agents and the static infrastructure. In this work we propose SCENE, a methodology to encode diverse traffic scenes in heterogeneous graphs and to reason about these graphs using a heterogeneous Graph Neural Network encoder and task-specific decoders. The heterogeneous graphs, whose structures are defined by an ontology, consist of different nodes with type-specific node features and different relations with type-specific edge features. In order to exploit all the information given by these graphs, we propose to use cascaded layers of graph convolution. The result is an encoding of the scene. Task-specific decoders can be applied to predict desired attributes of the scene. Extensive evaluation on two diverse binary node classification tasks show the main strength of this methodology: despite being generic, it even manages to outperform task-specific baselines. The further application of our methodology to the task of node classification in various knowledge graphs shows its transferability to other domains.
description: Thomas Monninger and Julian Schmidt are co-first authors. The order was determined alphabetically
title: Recycling Assessment and Intervention on a University Campus in Qatar
Creators: name: Farooqui, Zoya
name:  Zehra, Masooma
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University Libraries Publishing Services
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 5.1
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This study employed mixed methods to understand and improve recycling behavior at Carnegie Mellon University’s campus in Doha, Qatar. Waste audits from the university’s general waste and recycling bins were recorded and contamination rates (i.e. sorting errors) in recycling bins were determined. A campus-wide survey assessed attitudes and reported behaviors related to recycling on campus. The survey was used to inform the content of a student-led intervention that included social influence and education. Overall, waste audits revealed poor recycling behavior and the survey revealed a lack of awareness and distrust of recycling policies at the university. The intervention did not lead to improvements in the amount of material recycled. These findings are discussed against the background of education, awareness, and social influence and provide several suggestions for future research.
Role of multichannel pi pi scattering in decays of bottomia
Creators: name: Surovtsev, Yurii S.
name: Bydzovsky, P.
name: Gutsche, Thomas
name: Kaminski, Robert
name: Lyubovitskij, Valery E.
name: Nagy, Miroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of isoscalar S-wave multichannel pi pi -> pi pi, K antiK, eta eta scattering is considered in the analysis of decay data of the Upsilon-mesons. We show that when allowing for the final state interaction contribution to the decays Upsilon(mS) -> Upsilon(nS) pi pi (m>n, m=2,3, n=1,2) in our model-independent approach, we can explain the two-pion energetic spectra of these Upsilon transitions including the two-humped shape of the di-pion mass distribution in Upsilon(3S) -> Upsilon(1S) pi pi as the coupled-channel effect. It is shown also that the considered bottomia decay data do not offer new insights into the nature of the f0 mesons, which were not already deduced in our previous analyses of pseudoscalar meson scattering data.
description: 4 pages
Additional file 3 of Integrated small RNA, mRNA and protein omics reveal a miRNA network orchestrating metabolic maturation of the developing human heart
Creators: name: Aharon-Yariv, Adar
name: Wang, Yaxu
name: Ahmed, Abdalla
name: Delgado-Olguín, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Fig. S1A-G. Significant differentially expressed genes across gestational age (P value < 0.05) of each small RNA population. Table S1-6. Functional enrichment analysis of miRNAs clustered in each of six clusters of expression pattern. Fig. S2. Gene ontology terms (biological functions) and functional annotations (KW) enriched amongst genes upregulated (A) and downregulated (B) in fetal hearts across gestation. Fig. S3. (A) Analysis pipeline used to correlate miRNA expression data to mRNA expression data. (B, C) Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed miRNA-mRNA targets. Fig. S4A, B. Functional enrichment analysis of top 5% downregulated miRNA-mRNA targets. Fig. S5. Significant differentially expressed proteins between 10- and 18-weeks fetal hearts (P value < 0.05). Fig. S6. Controls for reporter metabolite analysis.
Green's functions for first-order systems of ordinary differential equations without the unique continuation property
Creators: name: Redolfi, Steven
name: Weikard, Rudi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is a contribution to the spectral theory associated with the differential equation $Ju'+qu=wf$ on the real interval $(a,b)$ when $J$ is a constant, invertible skew-Hermitian matrix and $q$ and $w$ are matrices whose entries are distributions of order zero with $q$ Hermitian and $w$ non-negative. Under these hypotheses it may not be possible to uniquely continue a solution from one point to another, thus blunting the standard tools of spectral theory. Despite this fact we are able to describe symmetric restrictions of the maximal relation associated with $Ju'+qu=wf$ and show the existence of Green's functions for self-adjoint relations even if unique continuation of solutions fails.
Etch-stop method for reliably fabricating sharp yet mechanically stable scanning tunneling microscope tips
Creators: name: Basnet, G.
name: Schoelz, J. K.
name: Xu, P.
name: Barber, S. D.
name: Ackerman, M. L.
name: Thibado, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extension of the direct-current, double-lamella drop-off technique for electrochemically etching tungsten scanning-tunneling-microscope tips is presented. The key fabrication step introduced here is the use of an etch stop as a simple but accurate way to optimize the contact area between the etchant and the wire. By restricting the etching process, the final cone angle of the tips can be made sharp and mechanically stable without a lot of finesse from the STM tip maker.
Thermal Hall conductivity of $α$-RuCl$_3$
Creators: name: Kee, Hae-Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal Hall conductivity originating from topological magnons is observed in the Kitaev candidate $α$-RuCl$_3$ in broad intervals of temperature and in-plane magnetic field, raising questions on the role of the Majorana mode in heat conduction.
description: Invited contribution to Nature Materials News & Views section, 3 pages, minor changes, more references added
Minimax Optimal Sparse Signal Recovery with Poisson Statistics
Creators: name: Rohban, Mohammad H.
name: Motamedvaziri, Delaram
name: Saligrama, Venkatesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We are motivated by problems that arise in a number of applications such as Online Marketing and Explosives detection, where the observations are usually modeled using Poisson statistics. We model each observation as a Poisson random variable whose mean is a sparse linear superposition of known patterns. Unlike many conventional problems observations here are not identically distributed since they are associated with different sensing modalities. We analyze the performance of a Maximum Likelihood (ML) decoder, which for our Poisson setting involves a non-linear optimization but yet is computationally tractable. We derive fundamental sample complexity bounds for sparse recovery when the measurements are contaminated with Poisson noise. In contrast to the least-squares linear regression setting with Gaussian noise, we observe that in addition to sparsity, the scale of the parameters also fundamentally impacts $\ell_2$ error in the Poisson setting. We show tightness of our upper bounds both theoretically and experimentally. In particular, we derive a minimax matching lower bound on the mean-squared error and show that our constrained ML decoder is minimax optimal for this regime.
description: Submitted to IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1307.4666
Traductions et reconstructions historiques à l'épreuve du temps: un regard sur le Royaume de Naples
Creators: name: Muto, Giovanni
name: Pisanelli, Simona
name: Tiran, André
Publisher: name: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas
Year: 2023

description: In 2020 André Tiran edited the translation of the Bref traité sur la richesse des royaumes précédé des 1er et 2e discours sur le change by Marc'Antonio de Santis (1605) and published the volume Le Royaume de Naples (1580-1620). Économie, Monnaie et Finance à l’époque d’Antonio Serra, for Classiques Garnier (2020). We present here the dialogue between André Tiran, Simona Pisanelli (both historians of economic thought) and Giovanni Muto (historian of the modern epoch and specialist in the history of the Mezzogiorno), which took place at the University of Turin on 4 October 2021. The authors emphasise the importance of an interdisciplinary approach, both for the faithful translation of classical texts, which must overcome the obstacle made by a vocabulary that has changed, and for the reconstruction of the economic and financial system of the Kingdom of Naples. The three specialists also consider it essential to include the cultural, political, and social dimension in studies of economic issues. English title: Translations and Historical Reconstructions Put to the Test of Time: a Look at the Kingdom of Naples; A Discussion with André Tiran Keywords: Antonio Serra, Marc'Antonio de Santis, Kingdom of Naples, History of Monetary and Banking Systems, Translation Theory and Practices
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, V. 12 N. 23 (2023): Savoirs d’État et sciences de gouvernement à la lumière des Dictionnaires et des Encyclopédies francophones de la fin du XVIIIᵉ siècle
Efficient Attack Detection in IoT Devices using Feature Engineering-Less Machine Learning
Creators: name: Khan, Arshiya
name: Cotton, Chase
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Through the generalization of deep learning, the research community has addressed critical challenges in the network security domain, like malware identification and anomaly detection. However, they have yet to discuss deploying them on Internet of Things (IoT) devices for day-to-day operations. IoT devices are often limited in memory and processing power, rendering the compute-intensive deep learning environment unusable. This research proposes a way to overcome this barrier by bypassing feature engineering in the deep learning pipeline and using raw packet data as input. We introduce a feature engineering-less machine learning (ML) process to perform malware detection on IoT devices. Our proposed model, "Feature engineering-less-ML (FEL-ML)," is a lighter-weight detection algorithm that expends no extra computations on "engineered" features. It effectively accelerates the low-powered IoT edge. It is trained on unprocessed byte-streams of packets. Aside from providing better results, it is quicker than traditional feature-based methods. FEL-ML facilitates resource-sensitive network traffic security with the added benefit of eliminating the significant investment by subject matter experts in feature engineering.
Penser l'État dans le Dictionnaire de Trévoux
Creators: name: Bonin, Pierre
Publisher: name: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas
Year: 2023

description: The last edition of the Dictionnaire de Trévoux, published in 1771, offers a view that remains Catholic of the very objects around which, at the same time, the notion of ‘State knowledge’ was being formed—for example, in the rival but dialogic enterprise of the Encyclopédie. Terms that were at the center of the debate at the time, such as ‘Political Economy’, were presented in a way that neutralized their novelty, while the classical presentation of the ‘Mysteries of the State’, which did not need to be revealed and which concealed—in a rather pessimistic view of power—a necessary evil, remained prevalent. New paradigms, for example that of a society that individuals establish by contract, were subtly resisted. Beyond the classic games of borrowing and circulation among dictionaries, the Dictionnaire de Trévoux, from a perspective of the history of legal thought thus testifies to a mastery of the issues of the time, despite the disrepute into which its opponents tried to cast upon it. English title: Thinking the State in the Dictionnaire de Trévoux: a Catholic Alternative to Burocratic Legitimacy Keywords: Dictionnaire de Trévoux, Encyclopedism, 18th-century Catholicism, History of Law, Science of Government
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, V. 12 N. 23 (2023): Savoirs d’État et sciences de gouvernement à la lumière des Dictionnaires et des Encyclopédies francophones de la fin du XVIIIᵉ siècle
Enhanced Storage of Anaerobic Bacteria through Polymeric Encapsulation
Creators: name: Qiu, K.
name: Anselmo, A.C.
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society
Year: 2021

description: Live microbes such as lactobacilli have long been used as probiotic supplements and, more recently, have been explored as live biotherapeutic products with the potential to treat a range of conditions. Among these microbes is a category of anaerobes that possess therapeutic potential while exhibiting unique oxygen sensitivity and thus requiring careful considerations in the formulation and storage processes. Existing microbial formulation development has focused on facultative anaerobes with natural oxygen tolerance; a few strategies have been reported for anaerobes with demonstrated oxygen intolerance, warranting novel approaches toward addressing the challenges for these oxygen-sensitive anaerobes. Here, we develop a polymeric encapsulation system for the formulation and storage ofBifidobacterium adolescentis(B. adolescentis), a model anaerobe that loses viability in aerobic incubation at 37 °C within 1 day. We discover that this strain remains viable under aerobic conditions for 14 days at 4 °C, enabling formulation development such as solution casting and air drying in an aerobic environment. Next, through a systematic selection of polymer encapsulants and excipients, we show that encapsulation with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) acts as an oxygen barrier and facilitates long-term storage ofB. adolescentis, which is partially attributed to reduced generation of reactive oxygen species. Lastly, PVA-based formulations can produce oral capsule-loaded films and edible gummy bears, demonstrating its compatibility with both pharmaceutical and food dosage forms.
Book Reviews
Creators: name: García-Minguillán, Claudia
name: Pasini, Enrico
name: Scaiola, Francesco Tomaso
Publisher: name: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas
Year: 2023

description: Reviews of Iannuzzi, Geografie del tempo. Viaggiatori europei tra i popoli nativi nel Nord America del Settecento, Viella 2022; Baldassarri & Zampieri (eds.), Scientiae in the History of Medicine, L’erma di Bretschneider 2021; Martin, The Virtuous Physician: A Brief Medical History of Moral Inquiry from Hippocrates to COVID-19, Ethics Press 2023; Whatmore, The History of Political Thought: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford UP 2021; Bussotti & Lotti, Cosmology in the Early Modern Age: A Web of Ideas, Springer Nature 2022.
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, V. 12 N. 23 (2023): Savoirs d’État et sciences de gouvernement à la lumière des Dictionnaires et des Encyclopédies francophones de la fin du XVIIIᵉ siècle
La géographie, instrument de maîtrise de l'espace, savoir d'Etat dans les encyclopédies et les dictionnaires des Lumières
Creators: name: Bruschi, Christian
Publisher: name: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas
Year: 2023

description: Geography is a booming science in the 18th century. It is not in essence a kind of State Knowledge, unlike law and political science. However, without the State, its purpose and its development would not have been the same. The encyclopedias and dictionaries of the Enlightenment devote an important place to it and highlight the close relationship of geography and the State. The State plays a major role in the organization of geography, as it provides it with a purpose by putting it at its own service. Encyclopedias and dictionaries are won over to the idea that this purpose promotes the progress of geography. Geography is thus perceived as a kind of State Knowledge, without this harming it as a science. English title: Geography, a Tool for Mastering Space and as a State Knowledge in Enlightenment Encyclopedias and Dictionaries Keywords: History of Geography, History of French Encyclopedism, History of Maps, History of Academies, History of Borders
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, V. 12 N. 23 (2023): Savoirs d’État et sciences de gouvernement à la lumière des Dictionnaires et des Encyclopédies francophones de la fin du XVIIIᵉ siècle
title: Truthtelling and Seeking Justice from Below: Mayan Women’s Voices on Transitional Justice in Guatemala
Creators: name: Doman, Juliette
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2022

description: This research focuses on Maya Q’eqchi women survivors of wartime sexual violence and their struggle for justice. In particular, I consider their specific experiences and the agency they have been able to realise in the process of bringing to trial two former members of the military. I analyse their participation in this process and their experiences of organising alongside Guatemalan women’s rights organisations and other Mayan women survivors of wartime sexual violence. Furthermore, I consider what justice means for these survivors, focusing, in particular, on the significance of the trial1 and the sentencing both for them and for the women’s rights activists working in the organisations that have supported them. I go on to examine the extent to which the survivors and the activists have achieved their objectives within their particular struggles. Additionally, I consider the extent to which the legal process is able to truly capture the harms that they have experienced and provide redress for those harms. This is a pertinent consideration, given that justice may take on many different meanings; international law and the Guatemalan legal system more closely reflect their European and US counterparts, frameworks far removed from Mayan cosmovisions and customary legal practices. To close, I examine the meaning of the trial for the women’s rights organisations and what they feel has been its real impact, considering, in particular, the silence surrounding wartime sexual violence and widespread impunity for that violence before the trial took place and, in general, the high levels of gender-based violence and attendant impunity in contemporary Guatemala.
Metal loading of giant gas planets
Creators: name: Nayakshin, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of many challenges in forming giant gas planets via Gravitational disc Instability model (GI) is an inefficient radiative cooling of the pre-collapse fragments. Since fragment contraction times are as long at $10^5 -10^7$ years, the fragments may be tidally destroyed sooner than they contract into gas giant planets. Here we explore the role of "pebble accretion" onto the pre-collapse giant planets and find an unexpected result. Despite larger dust opacity at higher metallicities, addition of metals actually accelerates -- rather than slows down -- collapse of high opacity, relatively low mass giant gas planets ($M_p$ below a few Jupiter masses). A simple analytical theory that explains this result exactly in idealised simplified cases is presented. The theory shows that planets with the central temperature in the range between $\sim$ 1000 to 2000K are especially sensitive to pebble accretion: addition of just $\sim 5$ to 10 % of metals by weight is sufficient to cause their collapse. These results show that dust grain physics and dynamics is essential for an accurate modelling of self-gravitating disc fragments and their near environments in the outer massive and cold protoplanetary discs.
description: published as 2015MNRAS.446..459N
TinyVers: A Tiny Versatile System-on-chip with State-Retentive eMRAM for ML Inference at the Extreme Edge
Creators: name: Jain, Vikram
name: Giraldo, Sebastian
name: De Roose, Jaro
name: Mei, Linyan
name: Boons, Bert
name: Verhelst, Marian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Extreme edge devices or Internet-of-thing nodes require both ultra-low power always-on processing as well as the ability to do on-demand sampling and processing. Moreover, support for IoT applications like voice recognition, machine monitoring, etc., requires the ability to execute a wide range of ML workloads. This brings challenges in hardware design to build flexible processors operating in ultra-low power regime. This paper presents TinyVers, a tiny versatile ultra-low power ML system-on-chip to enable enhanced intelligence at the Extreme Edge. TinyVers exploits dataflow reconfiguration to enable multi-modal support and aggressive on-chip power management for duty-cycling to enable smart sensing applications. The SoC combines a RISC-V host processor, a 17 TOPS/W dataflow reconfigurable ML accelerator, a 1.7 $μ$W deep sleep wake-up controller, and an eMRAM for boot code and ML parameter retention. The SoC can perform up to 17.6 GOPS while achieving a power consumption range from 1.7 $μ$W-20 mW. Multiple ML workloads aimed for diverse applications are mapped on the SoC to showcase its flexibility and efficiency. All the models achieve 1-2 TOPS/W of energy efficiency with power consumption below 230 $μ$W in continuous operation. In a duty-cycling use case for machine monitoring, this power is reduced to below 10 $μ$W.
description: Accepted in IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
Haslea silbo, a novel cosmopolitan species of blue diatoms
Creators: name: Turmel, M.
name: Poulin, M.
name: Hardivillier, Y.
name: Fleurence, J.
name: Bardeau, J.-F.
name: Hansen, G.
name: Lemieux, C.
name: Cox, E.J.
name: Kaczmarska, I.
name: Davidovich, O.I.
name: Mouget, J.-L.
name: Mordret, S.
name: Ehrman, J.M.
name: Méléder, V.
name: Witkowski, A.
name: Lindquist, N.L.
name: Kemp, P.S.
name: Falaise, C.
name: Onís, E.S.
name: Davidovich, N.A.
name: Sarno, D.
name: Jacquette, B.
name: Mucko, M.
name: Gastineau, R.
name: Quintana, A.M.
name: Eker-Develi, E.
name: Leignel, V.
name: Séveno, J.
name: Gaudin, P.
name: Morançais, M.
name: Konucu, M.
Publisher: name: MDPI AG
Year: 2021

description: Specimens of a new species of blue diatoms from the genus Haslea Simonsen were discovered in geographically distant sampling sites, first in the Canary Archipelago, then North Carolina, Gulf of Naples, the Croatian South Adriatic Sea, and Turkish coast of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. An exhaustive characterization of these specimens, using a combined morphological and genomic approach led to the conclusion that they belong to a single new to science cosmopolitan species, Haslea silbo sp. nov. A preliminary characterization of its blue pigment shows similarities to marennine produced by Haslea ostrearia, as evidenced by UV–visible spectrophotometry and Raman spectrome-try. Life cycle stages including auxosporulation were also observed, providing data on the cardinal points of this species. For the two most geographically distant populations (North Carolina and East Mediterranean), complete mitochondrial and plastid genomes were sequenced. The mitogenomes of both strains share a rare atp6 pseudogene, but the number, nature, and positions of the group II introns inside its cox1 gene differ between the two populations. There are also two pairs of genes fused in single ORFs. The plastid genomes are characterized by large regions of recombination with plasmid DNA, which are in both cases located between the ycf35 and psbA genes, but whose content differs between the strains. The two sequenced strains hosts three plasmids coding for putative serine recombinase protein whose sequences are compared, and four out of six of these plasmids were highly conserved.
Recognize fish as food in policy discourse and development funding
Creators: name: Thilsted, S.H
name: Rader, D.N.
name: Betances, S.J.
name: Lin, X.
name: Murray, G.D.
name: Kleisner, K.
name: Zoubek, S.
name: Bennett, A.
name: Havice, E.
name: Brownell, K.D.
name: Best, B.A.
name: Lindquist, N.
name: Patil, P.G.
name: Smith, M.D.
name: Virdin, J.
name: Basurto, X.
name: Roady, S.E.
name: Lobo, R.
name: Nowlin, M.
name: Jacques, P.J.
name: Hicks, C.C.
name: Golden, C.D.
name: Campbell, L.M.
name: Allison, E.H.
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media B.V.
Year: 2021

description: The international development community is off-track from meeting targets for alleviating global malnutrition. Meanwhile, there is growing consensus across scientific disciplines that fish plays a crucial role in food and nutrition security. However, this ‘fish as food’ perspective has yet to translate into policy and development funding priorities. We argue that the traditional framing of fish as a natural resource emphasizes economic development and biodiversity conservation objectives, whereas situating fish within a food systems perspective can lead to innovative policies and investments that promote nutrition-sensitive and socially equitable capture fisheries and aquaculture. This paper highlights four pillars of research needs and policy directions toward this end. Ultimately, recognizing and working to enhance the role of fish in alleviating hunger and malnutrition can provide an additional long-term development incentive, beyond revenue generation and biodiversity conservation, for governments, international development organizations, and society more broadly to invest in the sustainability of capture fisheries and aquaculture.
La police du XVIIIᵉ siècle au miroir du Dictionnaire (1786-1789) de Des Essarts
Creators: name: Broch, Julien
Publisher: name: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas
Year: 2023

description: Between 1786 and 1789 Nicolas-Toussaint Lemoyne des Essarts published the seven volumes of his Police Dictionary. He was an employee of former chief of police Lenoir’s. The origin of the ‘police’ is the polis of the Ancient Greeks. It had reappared in French ordinances since the 15th century. It was maintained that a good police is based on the utility or the necessity of the commonweal. Police also meant regulatory power as well as administrative regulation. The cameral sciences influenced it. The police is a "science of detail" because each area of intervention is very specific. Each of them has a corresponding entry. Another objective of the work was to provide publicity for the Paris Metropolitan Police—by protecting the public order it would bring happiness to the inhabitants. This required territorialized action in every domain. Moreover, in order to standardize police practices, Essarts wanted to put in writing knowledge that had long been empirical. English title: 18th-Century Police in the Mirror of Des Essarts’ Dictionnaire (1786-1789) Keywords: History of Police, 18th-Century Police, Cameral Sciences, Francophone Encyclopedism, Des Essart’s Dictionary
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, V. 12 N. 23 (2023): Savoirs d’État et sciences de gouvernement à la lumière des Dictionnaires et des Encyclopédies francophones de la fin du XVIIIᵉ siècle
Sufficient spectral conditions on Hamiltonian and traceable graphs
Creators: name: Liu, Ruifang
name: Shiu, Wai Chee
name: Xue, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we give sufficient conditions on the spectral radius for a bipartite graph to Hamiltonian and traceable, which expand the results of Lu, Liu and Tian (2012) [10]. Furthermore, we also present tight sufficient conditions on the signless Laplacian spectral radius for a graph to Hamiltonian and traceable, which improve the results of Yu and Fan (2012) [12].