cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Waste Not, Want Not: Why Rarefying Microbiome Data is Inadmissible
Creators: name: McMurdie, Paul J.
name: Holmes, Susan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62P10

description: The interpretation of count data originating from the current generation of DNA sequencing platforms requires special attention. In particular, the per-sample library sizes often vary by orders of magnitude from the same sequencing run, and the counts are overdispersed relative to a simple Poisson model These challenges can be addressed using an appropriate mixture model that simultaneously accounts for library size differences and biological variability. This approach is already well-characterized and implemented for RNA-Seq data in R packages such as edgeR and DESeq. We use statistical theory, extensive simulations, and empirical data to show that variance stabilizing normalization using a mixture model like the negative binomial is appropriate for microbiome count data. In simulations detecting differential abundance, normalization procedures based on a Gamma-Poisson mixture model provided systematic improvement in performance over crude proportions or rarefied counts -- both of which led to a high rate of false positives. In simulations evaluating clustering accuracy, we found that the rarefying procedure discarded samples that were nevertheless accurately clustered by alternative methods, and that the choice of minimum library size threshold was critical in some settings, but with an optimum that is unknown in practice. Techniques that use variance stabilizing transformations by modeling microbiome count data with a mixture distribution, such as those implemented in edgeR and DESeq, substantially improved upon techniques that attempt to normalize by rarefying or crude proportions. Based on these results and well-established statistical theory, we advocate that investigators avoid rarefying altogether. We have provided microbiome-specific extensions to these tools in the R package, phyloseq.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures, 2 supplementary sections
Additional file 4 of Targeted expression profiling reveals distinct stages of early canine fibroblast reprogramming are regulated by 2-oxoglutarate hydroxylases
Creators: name: Tobias, Ian C.
name: Mian-Mian C. Kao
name: Parmentier, Thomas
name: Hunter, Hailey
name: LaMarre, Jonathan
name: Betts, Dean H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Supplemental Table 1. Oligonucleotide primers used for RT-qPCR. Supplemental Table 2. Oligonucleotide primers used for bisulfite PCR. *Primer sequences obtained from [15]. Supplemental Table 3. Transcript targets for custom RT2 Profiler qPCR Array.
Melomys lutillus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Melomys
Melomys lutillus

description: Melomys lutillus (Thomas, 1913). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 12:216. TYPE LOCALITY: Papua New Guinea, Central Prov., Angabunga River, Owgarra. DISTRIBUTION: N. and C. Queensland and Hinchinbrook Isl. (Australia); New Guinea; Murray Isl. (Torres Strait). COMMENT: Baverstock et al., 1980, Aust. J. Zool., 28:553, 568, presented evidence that lutillus in Australia is probably conspecific with burtoni. May prove to be a subspecies of burtoni (CHSW). ISIS NUMBER: 5301410011038010001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 5), pp. 504-560 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 529, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353037
description: {"references": ["Baverstock, P. R., C. H. S. Watts, M. Adams, and M. Gelder. 1980. Chromosomal and electrophoretic studies of Australian Melomys (Rodentia: Muridae). Australian Journal of Zoology, 28: 553 - 574."]}
The Thanatourist: Collected tales of the thanatourism experience
Creators: name: Dunkley, Ria Ann
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Tourism not elsewhere classified

description: Whilst tourists' fascination with visiting sites associated with death and human tragedy has received considerable academic and media attention, the scholarly literature on socalled 'dark' or thanatourism remains fragmented. Subsequently, this thesis draws on a wide range of interdisciplinary literature and in depth, qualitative fieldwork to provide insights into thanatourism experience. The research was conducted in three phases. During the first phase I developed a thanatourism framework which recognises thanatourism as a complex and variegated concept. The framework was used as a conceptual starting point through which I identified a range of thanatourism sites at which to conduct my fieldwork. Thanatourist experiences are exceptionally personal and emotional and thus required a 'hot approach' to research in order to reach the deep wells of tourist emotion. In the second and third phases I involved nine thanatourists in an iterative series of creative conversations before, during and after visits to various sites. Adopting a reflexive approach and using the participants' own photographs I focus on understanding the motivations and the emotional perceptions of those who visit thanatourist sites. Also, using autoethnography enabled me to vividly reconstruct my experiences, enriching the study and providing valuable insights into my own motivations and emotions. The research is underpinned by an interpretivist paradigm, and I use a bricolage of fieldwork and writing methods. Co-constructing the participants' narratives strengthens the reflexivity and ensures that the researcher's voice is not privileged, and thus the voices of the participants are heard alongside mine. Finally, the accounts of the thanatourists are presented creatively through narrative, poem and play. Adopting this interesting and compelling way to present material allowed me to be playful in my fieldwork and to present emotionally evocative stories of thanatourism experience through a chorus of voices. The study illustrates that thanatourism experiences are complex and deeply meaningful for the individuals who choose to embark on them.
The least eigenvalue of signless Laplacian of non-bipartite graphs with given domination number
Creators: name: Fan, Yi-Zheng
name: Tan, Ying-Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50

description: Let $G$ be a connected non-bipartite graph on $n$ vertices with domination number $γ\le \frac{n+1}{3}$. We investigate the least eigenvalue of the signless Laplacian of $G$, and present a lower bound for such eigenvalue in terms of the domination number $γ$.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1310.8533
Melomys moncktoni
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Melomys
Melomys moncktoni

description: Melomys moncktoni (Thomas, 1904). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 14: 399. TYPE LOCALITY: Papua New Guinea, Northern Prov., about 8° 30' S.z 148° E. (= 8° 20' S „ 148° 20' E., near loma and Buna; alternatively 8° 30' S., 148° 20' E„ Kumusi River). DISTRIBUTION: S. and E. New Guinea; D'Entrecasteaux Isis. COMMENT: Possibly two specifically distinct forms are presently included under this name (ACZ). Type locality discussed by Tate, 1951, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 97: 296, and Laurie and Hill, 1954:123. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410011038011001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 5), pp. 504-560 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 529, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353037
description: {"references": ["Tate, G. H. H. 1951. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 65. The rodents of Australia and New Guinea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 97: 183 - 430.", "Laurie, E. M. O., and J. E. Hill. 1954. List of land mammals of New Guinea, Celebes and adjacent islands 1758 - 1952. British Museum (Natural History) Publications, London, 175 pp."]}
title: Analysis of clinical outcomes in autologous stem cell transplant in relation to CD34+ cell count: A retrospective chart review
Creators: name: Small, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2023

description: Background: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (Auto-HSCT) is a well-established treatment for various hematologic malignancies, such as lymphoma and multiple myeloma (MM). Auto-HSCT requires stem cells to be collected from the patient themselves after undergoing a conditioning regimen. At our facility, the adequacy of the collected product is assessed through the measurement of CD34+ cells within a sample, as the product must be cryopreserved and subsequently thawed prior to re-infusion into the patient. Rationale: This study aims to determine if our current collection methods reflect an accurate measurement of the number of viable CD34+ cells collected within the product the patient receives. Additionally, we determine if a higher CD34+ cell count correlates with improved clinical outcomes such as time to neutrophil and platelet engraftment, treatment-related infection, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and platelet transfusion. Methodology: This study was a retrospective chart review of patients who received Auto-HSCT at the Health Sciences Centre in St. John’s, NL, between January 2014 and August 2019. Results: We found that post-thaw viable CD34+ cell count was positively correlated with time to neutrophil engraftment but not to time to platelet engraftment. There was no correlation between post-thaw viable CD34+ cell count and treatment-related infection, ICU admission or platelet transfusion. Conclusion: We did not find any evidence to support a correlation between post-thaw viable CD34+ cell count and clinical outcome; therefore, exploring other means of quality assurance for autologous stem cell transplant products at our institution may be beneficial.
Left-Right Symmetry and the Charged Higgs Bosons at the LHC
Creators: name: Bambhaniya, G.
name: Chakrabortty, J.
name: Gluza, J.
name: Kordiaczynska, M.
name: Szafron, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The charged Higgs boson sector of the Minimal Manifest Left-Right Symmetric model (MLRSM) is investigated in the context of LHC discovery search for new physics beyond Standard Model. We discuss and summarise the main processes within MLRSM where heavy charged Higgs bosons can be produced at the LHC. We explore the scenarios where the amplified signals due to relatively light charged scalars dominate against heavy neutral $Z_2$ and charged gauge $W_2$ as well as heavy neutral Higgs bosons signals which are dumped due to large vacuum expectation value $v_R$ of the right-handed scalar triplet. In particular, production processes with one and two doubly charged Higgs bosons are considered. We further incorporate the decays of those scalars leading to multi lepton signals at the LHC. Branching ratios for heavy neutrino $N_R$, $W_2$ and $Z_2$ decay into charged Higgs bosons are calculated. These effects are substantial enough and cannot be neglected. The tri- and four-lepton final states for different benchmark points are analysed. Kinematic cuts are chosen in order to strength the leptonic signals and decrease the Standard Model (SM) background. The results are presented using di-lepton invariant mass and lepton-lepton separation distributions for the same sign (SSDL) and opposite sign (OSDL) di-leptons as well as the charge asymmetry are also discussed. We have found that for considered MLRSM processes tri-lepton and four-lepton signals are most important for their detection when compared to the SM background. Both of the signals can be detected at 14 TeV collisions at the LHC with integrated luminosity at the level of $300 fb^{-1}$ with doubly charged Higgs bosons up to approximately 600 GeV. Finally, possible extra contribution of the charged MLRSM scalar particles to the measured Higgs to di-photon ($H_0^0 \to γγ$) decay is computed and pointed out.
description: FCNC analysis is incorporated while fitting the scalar spectrum. Light doubly charged scalars are still compatible with FCNC. Accepted in JHEP. New References and figures are added. The fitted scalar spectrum is given in detail in appendix
Extension of "Model Parameter Adaptive Approach of Extended Object Tracking Using Random Matrix"
Creators: name: Li, Borui
name: Mu, Chundi
name: Han, Shuli
name: Bai, Tianming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This is a draft of summary of multi-model algorithm of extended object tracking based on random matrix (RMF-MM).
description: This paper has been withdrawn by the authors due to an error in simulation parameter seeting, which might be misleading
Chemo-dynamical simulations of dwarf galaxy evolution
Creators: name: Recchi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review I give a summary of the state-of-the-art for what concerns the chemo-dynamical numerical modelling of galaxies in general and of dwarf galaxies in particular. In particular, I focus my attention on (i) initial conditions; (ii) the equations to solve; (iii) the star formation process in galaxies; (iv) the initial mass function; (v) the chemical feedback; (vi) the mechanical feedback; (vii) the environmental effects. Moreover, some key results concerning the development of galactic winds in galaxies and the fate of heavy elements, freshly synthesised after an episode of star formation, have been reported. At the end of this review, I summarise the topics and physical processes, relevant for the evolution of galaxies, that in my opinion are not properly treated in modern computer simulations of galaxies and that deserve more attention in the future.
description: 26 pages, 6 figure, review article to appear in the special issue of Advances in Astronomy "Metals in 3D: A Cosmic View from Integral Field Spectroscopy". Revised version after minor revisions requested by a referee
Scaling of the largest dynamical barrier in the one-dimensional long-range Ising spin-glass
Creators: name: Monthus, Cecile
name: Garel, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The long-range one-dimensional Ising spin-glass with random couplings decaying as $J(r) \propto r^{-σ}$ presents a spin-glass phase $T_c(σ)>0$ for $0 \leq σ<1$ (the limit $σ=0$ corresponds to the mean-field SK-model). We use the eigenvalue method introduced in our previous work [C. Monthus and T. Garel, J. Stat. Mech. P12017 (2009)] to measure the equilibrium time $t_{eq}(N)$ at temperature $T=T_c(σ)/2$ as a function of the number $N$ of spins. We find the activated scaling $\ln t_{eq}(N) \sim N^ψ$ with the same barrier exponent $ψ\simeq 0.33$ in the whole region $0\leqσ<1$.
description: v3=final version (12 pages)
Application of Magnetic Fields To Aid The Detection and Diagnosis of Induction Motor Drive Faults
Creators: name: Pole, Glyn
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Engineering electromagnetics

description: A novel approach to the collection of fault related data associated with induction motor drives is presented. The stator to rotor magnetic flux of an induction motor is monitored by a number of strategically positioned search coils, each wound around a single stator pole. The data collected is in the form of time records of the induced voltage in the coils and is subsequently used to form the data base for a fault detection and diagnosis strategy. Voltage waveforms obtained from a single coil and from two coils connected in series are obtained whilst the system is subjected to a range of applied electro-mechanical faults. The applied faults are applied both to the mechanical load and to the induction motor itself. A comparison is made of the efficacy of using two search coils compared to employing a single coil for fault detection. The fault related data is collected under both steady-state and accelerating running conditions. Strictly the acceleration period waveforms are non-stationary, however, since the time dependant frequency changes are relatively slow, the author applied the FFT technique to both steady-state derived data and the acceleration period derived data. Processing is carried out on both the time domain and the corresponding frequency domain data. The non-stationary nature of the acceleration period records is taken into account and the Wigner-Ville technique is employed to establish a time-frequency-distribution. Amplitude-time-frequency 3-D representations are produced, from which the amplitude versus time activity of a typical acceleration period component frequency is presented.
The restrictions of the Maximum Entropy Production Principle
Creators: name: Martyushev, Leonid M.
name: Seleznev, Vladimir D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We tried to explain our point of view on this principle and answer a number of critical questions in this comment. It is the first time we have clearly presented all the existing restrictions of MEPP application and briefly explained them; this will help to avoid misunderstandings connected with its use.
description: 7 pages, Added arguments
Emergent Kinetics and Fractionalized Charge in 1D Spin-Orbit Coupled Flatband Optical Lattices
Creators: name: Lin, Fei
name: Zhang, Chuanwei
name: Scarola, V. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent ultracold atomic gas experiments implementing synthetic spin-orbit coupling allow access to flatbands that emphasize interactions. We model spin-orbit coupled fermions in a one-dimensional flatband optical lattice. We introduce an effective Luttinger-liquid theory to show that interactions generate collective excitations with emergent kinetics and fractionalized charge, analogous to properties found in the two-dimensional fractional quantum Hall regime. Observation of these excitations would provide an important platform for exploring exotic quantum states derived solely from interactions.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
The excitation spectrum of rotating strings with masses at the ends
Creators: name: Zahn, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the spectrum of excitations of the rotating Nambu-Goto string with masses at the ends. We find interesting quasi-massless modes in the limit of slow rotation and comment on the nontrivial relation between world-sheet and target space energy.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, v2: Typos corrected, v3: final
Spatiotemporal Evolution of Urban Agglomeration and Its Impact on Landscape Patterns in the Pearl River Delta, China
Creators: name: Wu, Jiong
name: Wu, Caiyan
name: Zhang, Qi
name: Zhuang, Minghao
name: Xiao, Huirong
name: Wu, Hui
name: Ouyang, Linke
name: Liu, Yuhan
name: Meng, Chen
name: Song, Conghe
name: Haase, Dagmar
name: Li, Junxiang
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: urban agglomeration
subject: urban growth
subject: landscape expansion index
subject: diffusion and coalescence hypothesis
subject: spatiotemporal evolution
subject: Pearl River Delta
subject: PRDUA
subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: An urban agglomeration is the engine of regional and national economic growth, but also causes many ecological and environmental issues that emerge from massive land changes. In this study, the spatiotemporal evolution of an urban agglomeration was quantified and its impacts on the urban and regional landscape patterns were evaluated. It showed that the urbanized land area of the Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration (PRDUA) in China nearly quadrupled, having linearly increased from 1819.8 km2 to 7092.2 km2 between 1985 and 2015. The average annual growth rate presented a bimodal wave-like pattern through time, indicating that the PRDUA has witnessed two rounds of the urbanization process. The growth modes (e.g., leapfrog, edge-expansion, infilling) were detected and they exhibited co-existing but alternating dominating patterns during urbanization, demonstrating that the spatiotemporal evolution of the urban development of the PRDUA follows the “spiral diffusion-coalescence” hypothesis. The morphology of the PRDUA presented an alternating dispersal-compact pattern over time. The city-level and regional-level landscape patterns changed synchronously with the spatiotemporal evolution of the PRDUA over time. The urbanization of the PRDUA increased both the complexity and aggregation of the landscape, but also resulted in an increasing fragmentation and decreasing connectivity of the natural landscape in the Pearl River Delta region. These findings are helpful for better understanding how urban agglomerations evolve and in providing insights for regional urban planning and sustainable land management.
Melomys obiensis
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Melomys
Melomys obiensis

description: Melomys obiensis (Thomas, 1911). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, 7: 208. TYPE LOCALITY: Indonesia, Moluccas, Obi Isl. DISTRIBUTION: Obi Isl. (Halmahera Isis., Indonesia). ISIS NUMBER: 5301410011038012001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 5), pp. 504-560 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 529, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353037
Ethnic discrimination unlearned: experience in the repeated Trust Game reduces trust bias
Creators: name: Duncan, Caitlin
name: Tölch, Ulf
name: Walter, Henrik
name: Dziobek, Isabel
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Trust Game
subject: ethnic bias
subject: trust learning
subject: reinforcement learning models
subject: ingroup outgroup
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Introduction Discrimination toward ethnic minorities is a persistent societal problem. One reason behind this is a bias in trust: people tend to trust their ingroup and comparatively distrust outgroups. Methods In this study, we investigated whether and how people change their explicit trust bias with respect to ethnicity based on behavioral interactions with in- and outgroup members in a modified Trust Game. Results Subjects’ initial explicit trust bias disappeared after the game. The change was largest for ingroup members who behaved unfairly, and the reduction of trust bias generalized to a small sample of new in- and outgroup members. Reinforcement learning models showed subjects’ learning was best explained by a model with only one learning rate, indicating that subjects learned from trial outcomes and partner types equally during investment. Discussion We conclude that subjects can reduce bias through simple learning, in particular by learning that ingroup members can behave unfairly.
Using MiniBooNE neutral current elastic cross section results to constrain 3+1 sterile neutrino models
Creators: name: Wilkinson, Callum
name: Cartwright, Susan
name: Thompson, Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MiniBooNE Neutral Current Elastic (NCEL) cross section results are used to extract limits in the $Δm^{2}-\sin^{2}\vartheta_{μs}$ plane for a 3+1 sterile neutrino model with a mass splitting $0.1 \leq Δm^{2} \leq 10.0$ eV$^{2}$. GENIE is used with a cross section model close to the one employed by MiniBooNE to make event rate predictions using simulations on the MiniBooNE target material CH$_{2}$. The axial mass is a free parameter in all fits. Sterile modifications to the flux and changes to the cross section in the simulation relate the two and allow limits to be set on sterile neutrino mixing using cross section results. The large axial mass problem makes it necessary for experiments to perform their own axial mass fits, but a prior fit to the same dataset could mask a sterile oscillation signal if the sterile and cross section model parameters are not independent. We find that for the NCEL dataset there are significant correlations between the sterile and cross section model parameters, making a fit to both models simultaneously necessary to get robust results. Failure to do this results in stronger than warranted limits on the sterile parameters. The general problems that the current uncertainty on charged-current quasi-elastic (CCQE) and NCEL cross sections at MiniBooNE energies pose for sterile neutrino measurements are discussed.
description: Final version accepted for publication in JHEP
Lower-limb biomechanical asymmetry in maximal velocity sprint running
Creators: name: Exell, Timothy
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biomechanics

description: Biomechanical asymmetry analyses have provided valuable insight into submaximal running and walking gait. Knowledge of asymmetry in sprint running is limited due to traditional unilateral methods of data collection. The overall aim of this research was to develop insight into kinematic and kinetic asymmetry in sprint running, with the purpose of informing future research specifically into maximal velocity sprint running. Asymmetry was quantified for a group of trained sprint runners (mean velocity = 9.03 m∙s-1) using anexisting symmetry angle (θSYM)measure. Biomechanical methods were developed to maximise the collection of kinematic data utilising both marker-based and non-intrusive techniques, and kinetic data using multiple force plates. Calculationswere extended, to build on the θSYM, and used for quantifying overall kinematic and kinetic asymmetry for individual athletes. Novel asymmetry scores were developed that incorporated the previously negated consideration of intra-limb variability. The interaction of kinematic and kinetic asymmetry was compared for a range of sprint runnersusing the newly created asymmetry scores.θSYM values were larger for key kinematic variables than step characteristics; values of 6.7% and 1.7% were reported for touchdown distance and step frequency, respectively. The largest asymmetry values were kinetic, with some θSYM values exceeding 90%. The magnitude of asymmetry and variables that displayed significant asymmetry varied on an inter-athlete basis. Kinematic and kinetic asymmetry scores developed within this researchranged from 4.5 to 27.6 and 6.3 to 28.7,respectively; however, no consistent relationship between kinematic and kinetic asymmetry was found. Compensatory kinetic mechanisms may serve to reduce the effects of asymmetry on step characteristics and the performance outcome of step velocity. The novel bilateral analyses performed in this researchidentified the presence of asymmetry, indicating that unilateral analyses of sprint running may lead to important information being overlooked.
Computing model independent perturbations in dark energy and modified gravity
Creators: name: Battye, Richard A.
name: Pearson, Jonathan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a methodology for computing model independent perturbations in dark energy and modified gravity. This is done from the Lagrangian for perturbations, by showing how field content, symmetries, and physical principles are often sufficient ingredients for closing the set of perturbed fluid equations. The fluid equations close once "equations of state for perturbations" are identified: these are linear combinations of fluid and metric perturbations which construct gauge invariant entropy and anisotropic stress perturbations for broad classes of theories. Our main results are the proof of the equation of state for perturbations presented in a previous paper, and the development of the required calculational tools.
description: typos corrected; updated to match version in JCAP
Interpreting the new lower primary art and craft component of the Creative and Performing Arts, the Botswana National Curriculum. Case studies of four primary schools in the South Central and Central North Regions. An illuminative evaluation.
Creators: name: Mannathoko, Magdeline Chilalu
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Primary education

description: This thesis seeks to examine how lower primary school teachers in the South Central and Central North regions of Botswana have met the recommended learning outcomes of art and craft, as a discipline within the Creative and Performing Arts programme that was introduced in 2002. The study took place in four geographically and socio-economically representative schools. The literature review provides insights into history and current practices regarding teaching art and craft in primary education, in Botswana and comparatively throughout the world. The review material conditions the content of the study in terms of the aims and objectives of the subject in varying contexts, and establishes potential research methodology to be used in the recovery of essential data. The research methodology was framed within Parlett and Hamilton's concept of "Illuminative Evaluation" accompanied by classroom participant observation additionally recorded on video, semi-structured interviews recorded by audio-recorder and case studies. Government documents were considered in this study as they inform the curriculum developers on the country's requirements in each sector. The retrieved and recorded data was analysed across the four schools in terms of responses to interviews and first-hand classroom observation of art and craft lessons. The findings focus upon the key issues and problems identified and discussed that include curriculum planning, national and local interfaces, integration within the arts, resources, time allocation to the arts, and teacher ownership of schemes of work and their significant lack of confidence in teaching art and craft in which they remain marginalised because of inadequate prior training or guidance. Since participants were not all art and craft specialists some expressed concern about difficulties of content in the curriculum and referred to a lack of knowledge, understanding and skills in art and craft. The study concludes with a summary and recommendations that provides ways forward in the future for stimulating the teaching of art and craft in primary education in Botswana.
Melomys platyops
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Melomys
Melomys platyops

description: Melomys platyops (Thomas, 1906). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 17:327. TYPE LOCALITY: Papua New Guinea, Central Prov., head of Aroa River. DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea. COMMENT: Probably at least two specifically distinct forms are presently included under this name (ACZ). ISIS NUMBER: 5301410011038013001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 5), pp. 504-560 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 529, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353037
Multiorbital effects in the functional renormalization group: A weak-coupling study of the Emery model
Creators: name: Maier, Stefan A.
name: Ortloff, Jutta
name: Honerkamp, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform an instability analysis of the Emery three-band model at hole doping and weak coupling within a channel-decomposed functional renormalization group flow proposed in Phys. Rev. B 79, 195125 (2009). In our approach, momentum dependences are taken into account with improved precision compared to previous studies of related models. Around a generic parameter set, we find a strong competition of antiferromagnetic and d-wave Cooper instabilities with a smooth behavior under a variation of doping and additional hopping parameters. For increasingly incommensurate ordering tendencies in the magnetic channel, the d-wave pairing gap is deformed at its maxima. Comparing our results for the Emery model to those obtained for the two-dimensional one-band Hubbard model with effective parameters, we find that, despite considerable qualitative agreement, multi-orbital effects have a significant impact on a quantitative level.
description: revised version: 22 pages, 11 figures
Hospital surfaces and their importance in cross contamination and the spread and transmission of bacteria
Creators: name: Obee, Peter
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Bacteriology

description: Healthcare associated infections (HCAI) place an economic burden on health services, and cause distress to patients and relatives. The recent rise in HCAI rates has been linked to poor standards of environmental hygiene, but clear evidence is lacking. This thesis explores contamination on environmental and other surfaces, how it can be monitored, and its role in the spread of bacteria. Possible control measures and their incorporation into management strategy are also examined. Investigations into different methods for sampling surfaces revealed that sampling efficiency could vary by 1000-fold. Such variation would hamper the management of decontamination intervention and highlights the need for standard methodologies. The decontamination of medical instruments was assessed against an established standard, using methods developed in this study, and failure rates up to 45% were detected. Poor implementation, caused by poor process management and absence of routine monitoring, was a contributory factor. Methods developed in this study were used to investigate the cleaning of ward surfaces. For some sites, benchmark cleaning values for bacteria were exceeded on 86% of occasions, and 100% of occasions for ATP. Simple modifications to cleaning practice produced significant improvements, but disinfectants did not offer advantages over detergents for routine cleaning. Surface touches and their subsequent potential to contribute to the spread of bacteria was quantified using novel methodology, and it was found that the vicinity of the patientsâ€Ÿ beds was of key importance in the transfer of bacteria to patients. Data gathered in preceding work was used to model exposure routes and determine the effect of implementing control measures. Effective hand decontamination reduced the mean transfer of bacteria to patients by 98.7%, but reductions in surface contamination also reduced the spread of bacteria. The benefits of hand decontamination could be undone with 2 touches of contaminated surfaces. Overall, evidence was found to support the theory that hospital surfaces contribute to the spread of bacteria, and that surface cleaning may have some role in the control of HCAI.
On the Probability Distributions of Ellipticity
Creators: name: Viola, Massimo
name: Kitching, Thomas
name: Joachimi, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we derive an exact full expression for the 2D probability distribution of the ellipticity of an object measured from data, only assuming Gaussian noise in pixel values. This is a generalisation of the probability distribution for the ratio of single random variables, that is well-known, to the multivariate case. This expression is derived within the context of the measurement of weak gravitational lensing from noisy galaxy images. We find that the third flattening, or epsilon-ellipticity, has a biased maximum likelihood but an unbiased mean; and that the third eccentricity, or normalised polarisation chi, has both a biased maximum likelihood and a biased mean. The very fact that the bias in the ellipticity is itself a function of the ellipticity requires an accurate knowledge of the intrinsic ellipticity distribution of the galaxies in order to properly calibrate shear measurements. We use this expression to explore strategies for calibration of biases caused by measurement processes in weak gravitational lensing. We find that upcoming weak lensing surveys like KiDS or DES require calibration fields of order of several square degrees and 1.2 magnitude deeper than the wide survey in order to correct for the noise bias. Future surveys like Euclid will require calibration fields of order 40 square degree and several magnitude deeper than the wide survey. We also investigate the use of the Stokes parameters to estimate the shear as an alternative to the ellipticity. We find that they can provide unbiased shear estimates at the cost of a very large variance in the measurement. The python code used to compute the distributions presented in the paper and to perform the numerical calculations are available on request.
description: 24 pages, 18 figures, 2 Tables. Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Main Journal
The development of a rapid prototyping selection system for small companies
Creators: name: Bibb, Richard
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Computer aided design

description: This research describes the development of a computer based design advice system intended specifically to aid small companies in the application of rapid prototyping. To accomplish this firstly required a thorough review of the current stateof the art in prototyping technologies and associated processes. Through interviews with industry professionals this review included an assessment of the actual operational capabilities found in industry as opposed to theoretical performance measures. From this data, rules were created to quantify and rank the performance of the different technologies according to parameters that are the most readily available and easily understood by the user. It was also necessary to devise a method of specifying the users' requirements of the prototype.Providing as much automation as possible, required the development of software capable of reading in CAD data and deriving from it the parameters that would most affect the suitability of a rapid prototyping process. Further software was developed to calculate realistic and reliable estimations for the costs and lead times associated with different possible routes. Explanatory material was added to the system to describe and illustrate how the different technologies worked, such that with continued use, the user could become familiar with rapid prototyping.Untike previous attempts at producing a rapid prototyping selection system, the one described here was tested with target users and verified against the opinion of an industry expert. The resulting system was found to be quick and simple to operate providing all of the required information whilst incurring the minimum of hindrance to the users' normal tasks.
Melomys porculus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Melomys
Melomys porculus

description: Melomys porculus (Thomas, 1904). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 14:400. TYPE LOCALITY: Solomon Isis., Guadalcanal Isl., Aola. DISTRIBUTION: Guadalcanal Isl. (Solomon Isis.). COMMENT: Tate, 1951, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 97:314, placed this species in Uromys, but Laurie and Hill, 1954:126, and subsequent authors included it in Melomys. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410011038014001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 5), pp. 504-560 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 529, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353037
description: {"references": ["Tate, G. H. H. 1951. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 65. The rodents of Australia and New Guinea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 97: 183 - 430.", "Laurie, E. M. O., and J. E. Hill. 1954. List of land mammals of New Guinea, Celebes and adjacent islands 1758 - 1952. British Museum (Natural History) Publications, London, 175 pp."]}
Additional file 1 of The epidemiology of tuberculosis-associated hyperglycemia in individuals newly screened for type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Menon, Sonia
name: Rossi, Rodolfo
name: Dusabimana, Alfred
name: Zdraveska, Natasha
name: Samit Bhattacharyya
name: Francis, Joel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Search strategy.
Melomys rubex Thomas 1922
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Melomys
Melomys rubex

description: Melomys rubex Thomas, 1922. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 9:263. TYPE LOCALITY: Indonesia, Irian Jaya, Djajawidjaja Div., Doormanpad-bivak (3° 30' S., 138° 30' E „ 1410 m). DISTRIBUTION: Interior New Guinea. COMMENT: For information supplementing the original description, see Thomas, 1922, Nova Guinea, 13:730 (JIM). Type locality discussed by Laurie and Hill, 1954:124. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410011038015001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 5), pp. 504-560 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 529, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353037
description: {"references": ["Laurie, E. M. O., and J. E. Hill. 1954. List of land mammals of New Guinea, Celebes and adjacent islands 1758 - 1952. British Museum (Natural History) Publications, London, 175 pp."]}
Is charged lepton flavour violation a high energy phenomenon?
Creators: name: Deppisch, Frank F.
name: Desai, Nishita
name: Valle, Jose W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searches for rare processes such as mu --> e gamma put stringent limits on lepton flavour violation expected in many Beyond the Standard Model physics scenarios. This usually precludes the observation of flavour violation at high energy colliders such as the LHC. We here discuss a scenario where right-handed neutrinos are produced via a Z' portal but which can only decay via small flavour violating couplings. Consequently, the process rate is unsuppressed by the small couplings and can be visible despite unobservably small mu --> e gamma rates.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, matches published version
Holographic RG flows and nearly-marginal operators
Creators: name: Bourdier, Jun
name: Kiritsis, Elias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The holographic renormalization group flows associated with marginally relevant operators are analyzed. The associated perturbative and non-perturbative beta-functions are calculated and the consistent scalar potentials are identified. The presence of a Zamolodchikov metric in the multiscalar case is shown to affect beta-functions starting at two loops.
description: Latex, 23 pages. Minor corrections. Version to be published in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Additional file 2 of The epidemiology of tuberculosis-associated hyperglycemia in individuals newly screened for type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Menon, Sonia
name: Rossi, Rodolfo
name: Dusabimana, Alfred
name: Zdraveska, Natasha
name: Samit Bhattacharyya
name: Francis, Joel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
FDR, an easier way to NNLO calculations: a two-loop case study
Creators: name: Donati, Alice Maria
name: Pittau, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we illustrate the simplifications produced by FDR in NNLO computations. We show with an explicit example that - due to its four-dimensionality - FDR does not require an order-by-order renormalization and that, unlike the one-loop case, FDR and dimensional regularization (DR) generate intermediate two-loop results which are no longer linked by a simple subtraction of the ultraviolet (UV) poles in epsilon. Our case study is the two-loop amplitude for H -> gamma gamma, mediated by an infinitely heavy top loop, in the presence of gluonic corrections. We use this to elucidate how gauge invariance is preserved with no need of introducing counterterms in the Lagrangian. In addition, we discuss a possible four-dimensional approach to the infrared (IR) problem compatible with the FDR treatment of the UV infinities.
description: 34 pages, 8 figures, version enlarged to be published in EPJC
Additional file 1 of Selection and validation of a classification system for a child-centred preference-based measure of oral health-related quality of life specific to dental caries
Creators: name: Rogers, Helen J.
name: Gilchrist, Fiona
name: Marshman, Zoe
name: Rodd, Helen D.
name: Rowen, Donna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplement 1. Topic guide used during validation interviews with children and young people