cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A record calculus based on symmetric concatenation
Creators: name: Harper, Robert
name: Pierce, Benjamin C.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract: "A number of different formulations of record calculi have been proposed. These may be broadly classified according to whether or not they are based on subsumption and whether they admit the specification of positive or negative information about record type variables. The systems considered by Wand (and their derivatives) may be classified as subsumption-free, negative information calculi. Early systems of bounded quantification are subsumption-based, and admit specification only of positive information. More recently, Cardelli and Mitchell have proposed a subsumption-based system featuring both positive and negative constraints, and, in earlier work, the authors have considered a subsumption-free variant. None of these systems copes well with the "symmetric merge" operation in which two records are considered mergeable only if they have no overlapping fields.To address this question, Cardelli and Mitchell suggest an extension to their subsumption-based calculus to admit mergeability constrains [sic]. In this paper we show that a subsumption-free calculus based only on mergeability constraints suffices not only for symmetric merge, but also for a wide class of other record operations. Moreover, the proposed calculus avoids some known difficulties with recursive types associated with positive-information calculi; in particular, the motivating examples for F-bounded quantification may be readily expressed without extending the language. A number of object oriented features, such as those considered by Wand and Buneman and Ohori, may also be represented naturally in this calculus."
Femmes victimes d’inceste durant l’enfance : Adapter l’intervention féministe à leur réalité
Creators: name: Biron, Camille
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022

description: L’inceste est un sujet tabou et une problématique qui perdure dans la société québécoise. Bien que les agressions sexuelles aient été un sujet de mobilisation dans les dernières années avec le mouvement Me Too et les vagues de dénonciation telles que #Agressionnondénoncée ou #Balancetonporc, il semble y avoir peu de réflexions offertes spécifiquement au regard des victimes d’inceste et leur réalité spécifique, qui se distingue d’autres types d’agressions sexuelles. Les femmes ayant été victimes d’inceste durant l’enfance ne dévoilent parfois que des décennies plus tard. Ce mémoire présente une recension critique des écrits qui a pour objectif de comprendre l’inceste et les conséquences que cela engendre à l’âge adulte afin d’adopter des interventions féministes qui sont adaptées à la réalité des femmes victimes. Bien que l’inceste touche également les jeunes garçons, les jeunes filles demeurent les principales victimes. À partir de concepts issus des théories féministes qui constituent le cadre théorique de ce mémoire tels que la culture du viol, la famille patriarcale ou le consentement, un portrait de l’inceste et des caractéristiques de cette problématique est brossé dans ce mémoire. Cette recherche met en lumière les différentes conséquences en lien avec les événements incestueux comme les difficultés relationnelles, la culpabilité et la honte, le stress post-traumatique, les impacts sur la mémoire, sur la grossesse et sur la maternité ou les obstacles liés au dévoilement des actes incestueux. Par la suite, ce mémoire propose une analyse des fondements de l’intervention féministe ainsi que les différents types d’interventions féministes qui peuvent être mobilisées par les intervenantes au regard de l’inceste telles que l’intervention individuelle, l’intervention de groupe ou l’intervention communautaire et sociale. Le dernier chapitre de ce mémoire propose des recommandations présentées par des chercheur-euses qui se sont penché-es sur le sujet, des intervenantes du milieu qui côtoient des femmes qui ont été victimes d’inceste durant l’enfance et des femmes survivantes elles-mêmes. Ces recommandations visent une intervention juste et adaptée à la réalité de ces femmes, en prenant en compte les systèmes d’oppression dont elles sont victimes et également les particularités liées à l’inceste. Mots-clés : inceste, intervention féministe, impacts, recommandations
title: 02_0499
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Quantifying fluctuations in reversible enzymatic cycles and clocks
Creators: name: Wierenga, Harmen
name: Wolde, Pieter Rein ten
name: Becker, Nils B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Biochemical reactions are fundamentally noisy at a molecular scale. This limits the precision of reaction networks, but also allows fluctuation measurements which may reveal the structure and dynamics of the underlying biochemical network. Here, we study non-equilibrium reaction cycles, such as the mechanochemical cycle of molecular motors, the phosphorylation cycle of circadian clock proteins, or the transition state cycle of enzymes. Fluctuations in such cycles may be measured using either of two classical definitions of the randomness parameter, which we show to be equivalent in general microscopically reversible cycles. We define a stochastic period for reversible cycles and present analytical solutions for its moments. Furthermore, we associate the two forms of the randomness parameter with the thermodynamic uncertainty relation, which sets limits on the timing precision of the cycle in terms of thermodynamic quantities. Our results should prove useful also for the study of temporal fluctuations in more general networks.
On exact correlation functions of chiral ring operators in $2d$ $\mathcal{N}=(2, 2)$ SCFTs via localization
Creators: name: Chen, Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the extremal correlation functions of (twisted) chiral ring operators via superlocalization in $\mathcal{N}=(2, 2)$ superconformal field theories (SCFTs) with central charge $c\geq 3$, especially for SCFTs with Calabi-Yau geometric phases. We extend the method in arXiv:1602.05971 with mild modifications, so that it is applicable to disentangle operators mixing on $S^2$ in nilpotent (twisted) chiral rings of $2d$ SCFTs. With the extended algorithm and technique of localization, we compute exactly the extremal correlators in $2d$ $\mathcal{N}=(2, 2)$ (twisted) chiral rings as non-holomorphic functions of marginal parameters of the theories. Especially in the context of Calabi-Yau geometries, we give an explicit geometric interpretation to our algorithm as the Griffiths transversality with projection on the Hodge bundle over Calabi-Yau complex moduli. We also apply the method to compute extremal correlators in Kähler moduli, or say twisted chiral rings, of several interesting Calabi-Yau manifolds. In the case of complete intersections in toric varieties, we provide an alternative formalism for extremal correlators via localization onto Higgs branch. In addition, as a spinoff we find that, from the extremal correlators of the top element in twisted chiral rings, one can extract chiral correlators in A-twisted topological theories.
description: 50 pages + 3 appendices, typos corrected, the journal version
Smart contracts y los contratos de energía eléctrica en Colombia : efectos y consecuencias ante la incorporación de nuevas tecnologías
Creators: name: Picalúa Angulo, Andrés Felipe
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Actos jurídicos
subject: Innovaciones tecnológicas
subject: Servicios públicos
subject: Smart contracts
subject: Energía eléctrica
subject: Negocio jurídico
subject: Nuevas tecnologías
subject: Contratos inteligentes

description: El presente trabajo de investigación, consiste en la descripción y estudio de las condiciones que circunscriben el sector eléctrico colombiano, y en detalle sobre los distintos contratos de energía eléctrica que lo conforman, junto con el análisis de los contratos inteligentes y su verificación para determinar si dichos contratos son o no homólogos con los anteriores. El problema de la investigación consistió en determinar si los contratos inteligentes son o no contratos, y en caso favorable, determinar si su aplicación supondría un beneficio en los contratos que son propios de este sector.
description: This research, consist of the description and study of the conditions that circumscribe the Colombian electricity sector, and in detail about the different electricity contracts that make it up, together with the analysis of Smart Contracts and their verification to determine if these contracts are or are not homologous with the previous ones.
Kramers' revenge
Creators: name: Li, Pengke
name: Appelbaum, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The combination of space inversion and time reversal symmetries result in doubly-degenerate Bloch states with opposite spin. Many lattices with these symmetries can be constructed by combining a noncentrosymmetric potential (lacking this degeneracy) with its inverted copy. Using simple models, we unravel the evolution of local spin-splitting during this process of inversion symmetry restoration, in the presence of spin-orbit interaction and sublattice coupling. Importantly, through an analysis of quantum mechanical commutativity, we examine the difficulty of identifying states that are simultaneously spatially segregated and spin polarized. We also explain how experimental probes (such as angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, or ARPES) of `hidden spin polarization' in layered materials are susceptible to unrelated spin splitting intrinsically induced by broken inversion symmetry at the surface.
Wilson loops and its correlators with chiral operators in $\mathcal{N}=2, 4$ SCFT at large $N$
Creators: name: Sysoeva, Ekaterina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we compute the vacuum expectation value of the Wilson loop and its correlators with chiral primary operators in $\mathcal{N}=2, 4$ superconformal $U(N)$ gauge theories at large $N$. After localization these quantities can be computed in terms of a deformed $U(N)$ matrix model. The Wilson loops we deal with are in the fundamental and symmetric representations.
title: BRUSHY1/TONSOKU/MGOUN3 is required for heat stress memory
Creators: name: Brzezinka, Krzysztof
name: Altmann, Simone
name: Bäurle, Isabel
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: Plants encounter biotic and abiotic stresses many times during their life cycle and this limits their productivity. Moderate heat stress (HS) primes a plant to survive higher temperatures that are lethal in the naive state. Once temperature stress subsides, the memory of the priming event is actively retained for several days preparing the plant to better cope with recurring HS. Recently, chromatin regulation at different levels has been implicated in HS memory. Here, we report that the chromatin protein BRUSHY1 (BRU1)/TONSOKU/MGOUN3 plays a role in the HS memory in Arabidopsis thaliana. BRU1 is also involved in transcriptional gene silencing and DNA damage repair. This corresponds with the functions of its mammalian orthologue TONSOKU-LIKE/NF Kappa BIL2. During HS memory, BRU1 is required to maintain sustained induction of HS memory-associated genes, whereas it is dispensable for the acquisition of thermotolerance. In summary, we report that BRU1 is required for HS memory in A. thaliana, and propose a model where BRU1 mediates the epigenetic inheritance of chromatin states across DNA replication and cell division.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 788
Software and results for: An agent-based model for simulating the impact of social norms on active commuting interventions
Creators: name: Greener, Robert
name: Lewis, Daniel
name: Reades, Jon
name: Miles, Simon
name: Cummins, Steven
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Interventions to increase active commuting have been recommended as a method to increase population physical activity, but evidence is mixed. Social norms related to travel behaviour may influence the uptake of active commuting interventions but are rarely considered in the design and evaluation of interventions. In this study we develop an agent-based model that incorporates social norms related to travel behaviour and simulate the relative impact of four active commuting interventions. A synthetic population of Waltham Forest, London, UK was generated using a microsimulation approach with data from the UK Census 2011 and UK HLS datasets. An agent-based model was created using this synthetic population which modelled how the actions of peers and neighbours, subculture, habit, weather, bicycle ownership, car ownership, environmental supportiveness, and congestion affect the decision to travel between four modes: walking, cycling, driving, and taking public transport. We examined four scenarios (and a control): car-free days; increasing environmental supportiveness for walking and cycling; decreasing environmental supportiveness for driving; increasing environmental supportiveness for walking and decreasing environmental supportiveness for driving. Compared to the control scenario, the car-free days scenario increased the odds of active commuting by 81.8% (OR 1.818; 95% CrI: [1.816 to 1.820]). Increasing environmental supportiveness for walking and cycling had no effect (OR: 1.000; 95% CrI: [1.000 to 1.001]), as did decreasing environmental supportiveness for driving (OR: 1.000; 95% CrI: [0.999 to 1.001]), and increasing environmental supportiveness for walking and cycling while decreasing environmental supportiveness for driving (OR: 1.000; 95% CrI: [1.000 to 1.001]). These results provide support for car-free days as an intervention to ‘nudge’ people into active commuting. However, why built environment interventions were less effective is unclear. This release contains the agent-based model used for these results. It also contains the raw results, the Stan analysis code, and the Stan chains from the results.
description: This research was funded by KCL–LSHTM seed funding. RG is supported by a Medical Research Council Studentship [grant number: MR/N0136638/1]. SC is funded by Health Data Research UK (HDR-UK). HDR-UK is an initiative funded by the UK Research and Innovation, Department of Health and Social Care (England) and the devolved administrations, and leading medical research charities.
Use of Performance Information and External Accountability: The Role of Citizen Oversight in Mitigating the Motivated Evaluation of Body-Worn Camera Evidence
Creators: name: Ali, Mir Usman
name: Wright, James E.
Publisher: name: Sage
Year: 2024

description: Despite being touted as a game-changing technology, studies on the influence of body-worn cameras (BWCs) on policing outcomes have produced mixed results, with the underlying reasons for such findings unclear. Drawing on the sociology of culture and organizational theory, we argue that BWCs often have mixed impacts due to deeply ingrained, valued occupational assumptions and practices shaped by the structural and organizational context. These assumptions and practices, collectively known as the police metier, are not politically neutral and can lead to motivated decisions rather than accurate ones. We suggest that such motivated reasoning can be mitigated by changing the structural or organizational context, such as establishing a citizen oversight agency (COA), which could decrease racial disparities in policing outcomes. To test these arguments, we examined the impact of BWCs on racial disparities in two types of policing outcomes: police homicides of citizens and disorderly conduct arrests (DCAs). Our findings indicate that while the adoption of BWCs does not impact racial disparities in DCAs or police homicides of citizens, there is a significant decrease in racial disparity in DCAs when BWCs and COAs are used in conjunction. Additionally, while the racial disparity in police homicides of Blacks and Whites does not decrease when BWCs and COAs are used together, there is an overall decrease in police homicides across both racial groups. Overall, our study demonstrates that technology's impact on bureaucratic performance is influenced by occupational assumptions and practices, which can be altered by external accountability mechanisms such as COAs.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les domaines de Beaune (XVe siècle), Cart. 177 (11 H 289), 197 folios, f. 0251
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2015
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les domaines de Beaune (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 177 (11 H 289), 197 folios, f. 0251, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions d’Izeure (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 177 (11 H 289), 197 folios, f. 0251, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
title: Impoverished mothers and poor widows: negotiating images of poverty in Marseille's courts
title: Poor Widows and Impoverished Mothers: Negotiating Images of Poverty in Marseille?s Courts
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: McDonough, Susan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: Charity
Grandmothers
Marseille
Mothers
Poverty

description: In the early fifteenth century, in Marseille's court of first instance, a sailor's wife Margarida Gramone sued her son-in-law's estate to recoup money she had spent nursing her dying daughter and granddaughter. She justified her claim on the money by arguing that she had been completely impoverished by the medicine, doctors and wet nurses that her sick family had needed. She called witnesses to attest to her impoverished state and they told a story of a woman unable to pay her bills and reliant on the charity of her neighbours. Other witnesses in the same case, however, suggest Margarida was not poor, but a woman of means. Attempting to reconcile this discrepancy, this article will examine how Marseille's legally savvy citizens negotiated between at least two different attitudes towards the poor: a Christian celebration of charity and a legal scepticism of a pauper's word. The legal records from late medieval Marseille show a multivalent attitude towards the poor. They suggest that the city's citizens were able to draw on different narratives about poverty in order to win over the presiding judge. At the same time, witness testimony about the poor reminds us that the burden of charity was not always welcomed by Marseille's citizens.
Start2Finish Running and Reading Club Research Report
Creators: name: Shaikh, Majidullah
name: Bean, Corliss
name: Forneris, Tanya
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017

description: This report outlines the two studies conducted with the Start2Finish Running and Reading Clubs of Toronto. The purpose of the first study was to gain an understanding of how youth leadership is experienced in youth programming. The purpose of the second study was to gain a better understanding of youth program quality. The studies were conducted with consenting club members and junior coaches that were involved in the club, collecting data through face-to-face interviews and surveys filled out by the participants. For the first study, junior coaches and club members were asked about their general experiences in the program, their interactions with each other and the adult leaders, and perceptions of their development. Findings indicated that through their interactions with the club members, as well as mentoring and guidance that they received from their previous junior coaches as well as previous and current adult coaches, the junior coaches have developed greater confidence in themselves, and attained life skills (e.g. leadership, communication, responsibility). Junior coaches also perceived that they had an influence on youth, by helping, teaching, and supporting them to develop new skills at the club. Club members led by these junior coaches perceived that their leaders helped to facilitate a more engaging environment, however, they attribute their development more to engagement in the activities themselves and the support of their adult leaders. Furthermore, both the junior coaches and the club members expressed how their involvement in the club and their positive interactions with one another helped them develop strong and trusting relationships. The second study involved measuring youth’s perceptions of the quality of the Running and Reading club, the support they receive, their satisfaction of their needs, and their development of positive outcomes. Results indicated that the program provided opportunities for youth in skill-building and building relationships with one another, that youth perceived they received strong support and satisfaction for their psychological needs of competence, relatedness, and autonomy, and the development of positive outcomes such as developing goal setting skills, initiative, and a stronger sense of one’s self. The final section of this report provides recommendations based on the findings from the two studies, such as providing formal training for junior coaches, ways to provide leadership and mentoring opportunities to coaches, strategies to help encourage life skill development and life skill transfer, and strategies to encourage youth voice.
La incidencia de la adecuada interpretación del marco jurídico de las rondas hídricas para el ordenamiento del territorio
Creators: name: De La Hoz Herrera, Gilberto José
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Balance hídrico
subject: Ordenamiento territorial
subject: Dominio público
subject: Ronda hídrica
subject: Zona de protección o conservación aferente
subject: Recurso hídrico
subject: Faja paralela

description: En la tesis se propone demostrar que la adecuada interpretación del marco jurídico de las rondas hídricas incide de manera directa en la ordenación del territorio. Para tal fin, en la primera parte, se realizará un análisis asociado a identificar la naturaleza jurídica de esta figura, los alcances de la protección, las diferentes posturas acogidas o asumidas por las autoridades judiciales y administrativas y por expertos sobre la materia. Seguidamente, se analizarán los efectos de la protección en el ordenamiento del territorio, las implicaciones de que un bien sea considerado de dominio público y se revisarán algunos POT, con el fin de observar cómo los entes territoriales aplican dicha figura al ejercer la función urbanística. Por último, y a partir de un análisis propio del autor, se brindarán las herramientas jurídicas que permiten interpretar adecuadamente el marco normativo de las rondas hídricas, con el propósito de determinar o conocer cuál es la faja paralela de dominio público, las estrategias de manejo ambiental que deben emplearse y las actividades que se podrán desarrollar en el área delimitada como zona de protección del recurso hídrico.
Amigas and Amichs: Prostitute-Concubines, Strategic Coupling, and Laboring-Class Masculinity in Late Medieval Valencia and the Mediterranean
Creators: name: McDonough, Susan
name: Armstrong-Partida, Michelle
Publisher: name: University of Chicago Press
Year: 2023

description: This article illuminates the experiences of prostitute-concubines in late medieval Valencia and the Mediterranean. It addresses their economic and affective relationships with amichs and argues that the temporary concubinary union between a prostitute and a low-status man, often a foreigner or itinerant laborer, was important to the gender identity of men at the lower levels of medieval society. Our analysis shows that patrician men who comprised the Consell de Valencia worked to denigrate the manhood of poor and laboring men through the criminalization of these short-term relationships.
MedTalks: developing teaching abilities and experience in undergraduate medical students
Creators: name: Bandeali, Suhair
name: Chiang, Albert
name: Ramnanan, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: CanMEDs
Medical student
feedback
scholar
students-as-teachers (SAT)
teaching experience
teaching program
teaching skills
Education, Medical, Undergraduate
Formative Feedback
Humans
Teaching
Students, Medical

description: According to the CanMEDS' Scholar competency, physicians are expected to facilitate the learning of colleagues, patients and other health professionals. However, most medical students are not provided with formal opportunities to gain teaching experience with objective feedback.
Horizontal Symmetry
Creators: name: Lam, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between fermion mixing and horizontal symmetry is discussed.
description: Based on a talk given at the International Conference on Flavor Physics, Beijing, China, September, 2007. To appear in the conference proceedings
Affective networks across the divide: singlewomen, the notarial archive, and social connections in the late medieval Mediterranean
Creators: name: McDonough, Susan
name: Armstrong-Partida, Michelle
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: community
enslaved women
Medieval Mediterranean
memory
singlewomen

description: Though previous scholarship has presumed singlewomen in medieval Southern Europe were nearly non-existent and had few means, notarial sources from the late medieval Mediterranean reveal not only that singlewomen were present in the thriving port cities, but also that they created extensive networks among other women and men in order to survive and in some cases to flourish. Some had children out of wedlock, some were formerly enslaved, others traveled long distances and still remembered family members in their places of origin, and many built new communities in their homes. Indeed, it is remarkable that many of these migrant and formerly enslaved women created deep ties to both local and migrant neighbors, and their actions suggest a sense of responsibility to manumit other enslaved peoples and give charity to poor women. We investigate how singlewomen strategically used their final wills and testaments and other notarial documents to sustain, post-mortem, the networks that nurtured the women in their life, both friends and family members. We consider how women bestowed personal goods and financial legacies to maintain and memorialize their relationships and to sustain community, even in their absence.
Finding Amica in the Archives: Navigating a Path between Strategic Collaboration and Independent Research
Creators: name: Armstrong-Partida, Michelle
name: McDonough, Susan
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2021

description: This article is a call for US-based historians to consider participating in strategic collaboration with fellow academics in their field. Out of a series of lucky encounters in person and with documentary collections, the authors, both archival historians, created a generous and expansive collaboration both in research and writing. Galvanized by the shift in working conditions occasioned by the coronavirus, the authors map out how the field in the United States should change to accommodate and reward such collaboration.
A Real Time Scheduler/Dispatcher
Creators: name: Dannenberg, Roger B
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Real-time systems often spend an inordinate amount of time getting ready to do things in the future and deciding what to do next. Designating a task to be performed at some time in the future, or scheduling, and finding the next task to be run, or dispatching, typically take a total time which is linear in the number of waiting tasks. A new algorithm is presented in which the time for both scheduling and dispatching is bounded by a small constant. An additional constant load is placed on the processor, and a mod- est background processing load is also imposed. The new algorithm is compared to other popular real-time scheduler/dispatcher strategies.
title: Auftrag und Möglichkeiten der Kommission für Friedenskonsolidierung im System der Vereinten Nationen
Creators: name: Berdefy, Alina-Camille
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: Vor dem Hintergrund der international steigenden Zahl an Konfliktrückfällen insbesondere im Anschluss an bereits offiziell für beendet erklärte Bürgerkriege und die daraus folgende zunehmende Relevanz von Peacebuilding-Maßnahmen der internationalen Gemeinschaft, wird in diesem Beitrag die Arbeit der Kommission für Friedenskonsolidierung der Vereinten Nationen untersucht. Einerseits werden hierbei, nach einigen einführenden Erläuterungen zum Begriff der Friedenskonsolidierung an sich sowie der Zusammensetzung und Funktionsweise der Kommission, zunächst ihre einzelnen Aufträge systematisch unter Einordnung in den Kontext des Peacebuilding-Systems der Vereinten Nationen herausgearbeitet und eine auswertende Bilanz unter ihre bisherige Erfüllung gezogen. Daran anschließend erfolgt eine Darstellung der zukünftigen Möglichkeiten der Kommission im Bereich der Friedenskonsolidierung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung ihres Potenzials innerhalb des Systems der Vereinten Nationen sowie der einschlägigen völkerrechtlichen Aspekte.
description: Against the background of the internationally growing number of relapses into conflict, especially following civil wars which have already officially been declared as terminated and the increasing relevance of peacebuilding actions of the international community resulting therefrom, this paper examines the work of the Peacebuilding Commission (PBC) of the United Nations. On the one hand, subsequent to some introductory remarks on the concept of peacebuilding itself as well as on the composition and operating modes of the PBC, its particular mandates are identified systematically while inserting them into the larger context of the peacebuilding system of the United Nations and making an assessment of their fulfilment so far. Thereafter, a description of the future opportunities of the Commission in the field of peacebuilding is given in special consideration of its potential within the system of the United Nations and the respective aspects of international law.
description: Staat, Recht und Politik – Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere = State, Law, and Politics - Research and Discussion Papers, 9
Hubbard pair cluster in the external fields. Studies of the magnetic properties
Creators: name: Balcerzak, T.
name: Szałowski, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic properties of the two-site Hubbard cluster (dimer or pair), embedded in the external electric and magnetic fields and treated as the open system, are studied by means of the exact diagonalization of the Hamiltonian. The formalism of the grand canonical ensemble is adopted. The phase diagrams, on-site magnetization, spin-spin correlations, mean occupation numbers and hopping energy are investigated and illustrated in figures. An influence of temperature, mean electron concentration, Coulomb $U$ parameter and external fields on the quantities of interest is presented and discussed. In particular, the anomalous behaviour of the magnetization and correlation function vs. temperature near the critical magnetic field is found. Also, the effect of magnetization switching by the external fields is demonstrated.
title: Combined hybridization capture and shotgun sequencing for ancient DNA analysis of extinct wild and domestic dromedary camel
Creators: name: Mohandesan, Elmira
name: Speller, Camilla F.
name: Peters, Joris
name: Uerpmann, Hans-Peter
name: Uerpmann, Margarethe
name: De Cupere, Bea
name: Hofreiter, Michael
name: Burger, Pamela A.
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: The performance of hybridization capture combined with next-generation sequencing (NGS) has seen limited investigation with samples from hot and arid regions until now. We applied hybridization capture and shotgun sequencing to recover DNA sequences from bone specimens of ancient-domestic dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) and its extinct ancestor, the wild dromedary from Jordan, Syria, Turkey and the Arabian Peninsula, respectively. Our results show that hybridization capture increased the percentage of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) recovery by an average 187-fold and in some cases yielded virtually complete mitochondrial (mt) genomes at multifold coverage in a single capture experiment. Furthermore, we tested the effect of hybridization temperature and time by using a touchdown approach on a limited number of samples. We observed no significant difference in the number of unique dromedary mtDNA reads retrieved with the standard capture compared to the touchdown method. In total, we obtained 14 partial mitochondrial genomes from ancient-domestic dromedaries with 17-95% length coverage and 1.27-47.1-fold read depths for the covered regions. Using whole-genome shotgun sequencing, we successfully recovered endogenous dromedary nuclear DNA (nuDNA) from domestic and wild dromedary specimens with 1-1.06-fold read depths for covered regions. Our results highlight that despite recent methodological advances, obtaining ancient DNA (aDNA) from specimens recovered from hot, arid environments is still problematic. Hybridization protocols require specific optimization, and samples at the limit of DNA preservation need multiple replications of DNA extraction and hybridization capture as has been shown previously for Middle Pleistocene specimens.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 789
Singlewomen in the Late Medieval Mediterranean
Creators: name: Armstrong-Partida, Michelle
name: McDonough, Susan
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2022

description: This article challenges a long-entrenched model of two discrete marital regimes in northern and southern Europe. Demographer John Hajnal argued in 1965 that a distinctive north-western European Marriage Pattern emerged post-1700 when a large population of unmarried men and women married in their early to late twenties and formed their own household rather than join a multi-generational household. The corollary to this argument is that women in southern Europe married young and universally, and thus rarely entered into domestic service. Medievalists have embraced and repeated this paradigm, shaping assumptions about the Mediterranean as less developed or ?less European? than the north and ignoring the experience of women enslaved throughout the region.Notaries and judicial officials in medieval Barcelona, Valencia, Mallorca, Marseille, Palermo, Venice, Famagusta and Crete recognized singlewomen owning property, buying, selling and manumitting enslaved people, appointing procurators, committing crimes and making wills. We reintegrate the experiences of singlewomen, both enslaved and free, into the daily life of the medieval Mediterranean. Understanding how these women made community, survived economically and participated in the legal and notarial cultures of their cities reframes our understanding of women?s options outside marriage in the medieval past.
Régimen jurídico de aprovechamiento de productos no maderables en Colombia
Creators: name: Alzate Acuña, Laura Marcela
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Forestación
subject: Recursos naturales
subject: Bosques
subject: Productos forestales no maderables
subject: Aprovechamiento de bosque natural
subject: Comunidades
subject: Uso sostenible del bosque

description: En el presente documento, se comprenderá la importancia de los productos forestales no maderables para el país en términos de conservación y uso sostenible del bosque, lo cual se traduce en mejores condiciones de vida para las comunidades locales y aportes a la mitigación del cambio climático que genera una afectación a nivel global. En principio, el aprovechamiento sostenible del bosque natural y de manera específica de los productos forestales no maderables, ha estado históricamente delimitado por la normatividad. A través del presente documento se realiza la conceptualización de los productos forestales no maderables identificando los puntos críticos asociados a la falta de claridad en la normativa asociada a su aprovechamiento, para dar paso a un estudio de caso que evidencia el impacto de esta falta de normatividad en la cual se ha trabajado desde las entidades competentes durante los últimos tres años. Posteriormente se encuentra el análisis de la regulación expedida por el Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible y la resolución que aún se encuentra en proceso de revisión y expedición; finalmente se presentan las conclusiones del proceso.
description: This document will show the importance of non-timber forest products for the country in terms of conservation and sustainable use of the forest, which translates into better living conditions for local communities and contributions to the mitigation of climate change, which has a global impact. In principle, the sustainable use of natural forests and specifically of non-timber forest products has historically been delimited by regulations. This document conceptualizes non-timber forest products and identifies the critical points associated with the lack of clarity in the regulations associated with their harvesting, to give way to a case study that shows the impact of this lack of regulations on which the competent entities have been working for the last three years. Subsequently, there is an analysis of the regulation issued by the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development and the resolution that is still in the process of revision and issuance; finally, the conclusions of the process are presented.
A Random-Surfer Web-Graph Model
Creators: name: Avrim  Blum
name: T-H Hubert Chan
name: Mugizi Robert Rwebangira
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we provide theoretical and experimental results on a random-surfer model for construction of a random graph. In this model, a new node connects to the existing graph by choosing a start node at random and then performing a short random walk. We show that in certain formulations, this results in the same distribution as the preferentialattachment random-graph model, and in others we give a direct analysis of power-law distribution of degrees or “virtual degrees” of the resulting graphs. We also present experimental results for a number of settings of parameters that we are not able to analyze mathematically
Ethical Challenges in the Practice of Journalism in Nigeria
Creators: name: Izuogu, Kingsley Chukwuemeka
name: Omeonu, Dennis Ugo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ethical dilemmas
journalism practice
media laws
Nigerian society
SAD imperative

description: The concept of ethics has grown in significance, as well as complexity and controversy, since philosophers established and dedicated themselves to the study of why human beings behave the way they do, as well as the consequences of such behaviours. Journalism will continue to be at the centre of such complicated and controvertible debates for a long time since it is a public-spheric profession in which truth, fairness, sense of duty and consideration of probable consequences combine to determine the course of a given activity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the ethical dilemmas that impede the practise of journalism in Nigeria. This paper radically investigates the topic matter in relation to the primary reasons that orchestrate journalists' vulnerability to such difficulties, relying on secondary data. In conclusion, the study claims that applying the ‘SAD' formula is a panacea for overcoming the myriad ethical dilemmas that Nigerian journalists face on a daily basis in the performance of their duties.
Large-Scale Analysis of Framework-Specific Exceptions in Android Apps
Creators: name: Fan, Lingling
name: Su, Ting
name: Chen, Sen
name: Meng, Guozhu
name: Liu, Yang
name: Xu, Lihua
name: Pu, Geguang
name: Su, Zhendong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mobile apps have become ubiquitous. For app developers, it is a key priority to ensure their apps' correctness and reliability. However, many apps still suffer from occasional to frequent crashes, weakening their competitive edge. Large-scale, deep analyses of the characteristics of real-world app crashes can provide useful insights to guide developers, or help improve testing and analysis tools. However, such studies do not exist -- this paper fills this gap. Over a four-month long effort, we have collected 16,245 unique exception traces from 2,486 open-source Android apps, and observed that framework-specific exceptions account for the majority of these crashes. We then extensively investigated the 8,243 framework-specific exceptions (which took six person-months): (1) identifying their characteristics (e.g., manifestation locations, common fault categories), (2) evaluating their manifestation via state-of-the-art bug detection techniques, and (3) reviewing their fixes. Besides the insights they provide, these findings motivate and enable follow-up research on mobile apps, such as bug detection, fault localization and patch generation. In addition, to demonstrate the utility of our findings, we have optimized Stoat, a dynamic testing tool, and implemented ExLocator, an exception localization tool, for Android apps. Stoat is able to quickly uncover three previously-unknown, confirmed/fixed crashes in Gmail and Google+; ExLocator is capable of precisely locating the root causes of identified exceptions in real-world apps. Our substantial dataset is made publicly available to share with and benefit the community.
description: ICSE'18: the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering
title: Palaeogenomes of Eurasian straight-tusked elephants challenge the current view of elephant evolution
Creators: name: Meyer, Matthias
name: Palkopoulou, Eleftheria
name: Baleka, Sina
name: Stiller, Mathias
name: Penkman, Kirsty E. H.
name: Alt, Kurt W.
name: Ishida, Yasuko
name: Mania, Dietrich
name: Mallick, Swapan
name: Meijer, Tom
name: Meller, Harald
name: Nagel, Sarah
name: Nickel, Birgit
name: Ostritz, Sven
name: Rohland, Nadin
name: Schauer, Karol
name: Schüler, Tim
name: Roca, Alfred L.
name: Reich, David
name: Shapiro, Beth
name: Hofreiter, Michael
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: The straight-tusked elephants Palaeoloxodon spp. were widespread across Eurasia during the Pleistocene. Phylogenetic reconstructions using morphological traits have grouped them with Asian elephants (Elephas maximus), and many paleontologists place Palaeoloxodon within Elephas. Here, we report the recovery of full mitochondrial genomes from four and partial nuclear genomes from two P. antiquus fossils. These fossils were collected at two sites in Germany, Neumark-Nord and Weimar-Ehringsdorf, and likely date to interglacial periods similar to 120 and similar to 244 thousand years ago, respectively. Unexpectedly, nuclear and mitochondrial DNA analyses suggest that P. antiquus was a close relative of extant African forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis). Species previously referred to Palaeoloxodon are thus most parsimoniously explained as having diverged from the lineage of Loxodonta, indicating that Loxodonta has not been constrained to Africa. Our results demonstrate that the current picture of elephant evolution is in need of substantial revision.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 790