cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Congenital adrenal lesions: diagnostic approach and management
Creators: name: Veiga Canuto, Diana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Foetal imaging
subject: Paediatric
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: eLearning
subject: Congenital
subject: Foetus
subject: Haemorrhage

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: To perform a descriptive retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital of patients diagnosed with congenital adrenal lesion in a 10-year period. To identify suprarenal masses in fetal and neonatal ultrasound (US) and Magnetic Resonance (MR) to...
title: Unusual radiological abnormalities in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis at the Central Military Hospital: Three years of experience.
Creators: name: Alvarez, Natalia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Mediastinum
subject: Pulmonary vessels
subject: CT
subject: Education
subject: Cavitation
subject: Infection
subject: Pathology

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Tuberculosis is a chronic infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, being the frequent pulmonary form, with a high prevalence in low- and middle-income countries, especially in conditions of low economic resources, overcrowding, low...
DNA replication in early S phase pauses near newly activated origins
Creators: name: Chastain II, Paul D.
name: Cohen, Stephanie M.
name: Kaufman, David G.
name: Qu, Pingping
name: Frum, Rebecca A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: During the S phase of the cell cycle, the entire genome is replicated. There is a high level of orderliness to this process through the temporally and topologically coordinated activation of many replication origins situated along chromosomes. We investigated the program of replication from origins initiating in early S phase by labeling synchronized normal human fibroblasts (NHF1) with nucleotide analogs for various pulse times and measuring labeled tracks in combed DNA fibers. Our analysis showed that replication forks progress 9–35 kilobases from newly initiated origins, followed by a pause in synthesis before replication resumes. Pausing was not observed near origins that initiated in the middle of S phase. No evidence for pausing near origins was found at the beginning of the S phase in glioblastoma T98G cells. Treatment with the S phase checkpoint inhibitor caffeine abrogated pausing in NHF1 cells in early S phase. This suggests that pausing may comprise a novel aspect of the intra-S phase checkpoint pathway or a related new early S checkpoint. Further, it is possible that the loss of this regulatory process in cancer cells such as T98G could be a contributing factor in the genetic instability that typifies cancers.
title: Soil Microbial Diversity Impacts Plant Microbiota More than Herbivory
Creators: name: Malacrinò, Antonino
name: Karley, Alison J.
name: Schena, Leonardo
name: Bennett, Alison E.
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 570 Biology

description: Interactions between plants and microbiomes play a key role in ecosystem functioning and are of broad interest due to their influence on nutrient cycling and plant protection. However, we do not yet have a complete understanding of how plant microbiomes are assembled. Here, we tested and quantified the effect of different factors driving the diversity and composition of plant-associated microbial communities. We manipulated soil microbial diversity (high or low diversity), plant species ('Solanum tuberosum' or 'S. vernei'), and herbivory (presence or absence of a phloem-feeding insect, 'Macrosiphum euphorbiae') and found that soil microbial diversity influenced the herbivore-associated microbiome composition but also plant species and herbivory influenced the soil microbiome composition. We quantified the relative strength of these effects and demonstrated that the initial soil microbiome diversity explained the most variation in plant- and herbivore-associated microbial communities. Our findings strongly suggest that soil microbial community diversity is a driver of the composition of multiple associated microbiomes (plant and insect), and this has implications for the importance of management of soil microbiomes in multiple systems.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
Amyloid deposits: Protection against toxic protein species?
Creators: name: Lindquist, Susan
name: Treusch, Sebastian
name: Cyr, Douglas M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Neurodegenerative diseases ranging from Alzheimer disease and polyglutamine diseases to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are associated with the aggregation and accumulation of misfolded proteins. In several cases the intracellular and extracellular protein deposits contain a fibrillar protein species called amyloid. However while amyloid deposits are hallmarks of numerous neurodegenerative diseases, their actual role in disease progression remains unclear. Especially perplexing is the often poor correlation between these deposits and other markers of neurodegeneration. As a result the question remains whether amyloid deposits are the disease-causing species, the consequence of cellular disease pathology or even the result of a protective cellular response to misfolded protein species. Here we highlight studies that suggest that accumulation and sequestration of misfolded protein in amyloid inclusion bodies and plaques can serve a protective function. Furthermore, we discuss how exceeding the cellular capacity for protective deposition of misfolded proteins may contribute to the formation of toxic protein species.
Human papilloma virus type16 E6 deregulates CHK1 and sensitizes human fibroblasts to environmental carcinogens independently of its effect on p53
Creators: name: Mitchell, David L.
name: Kaufmann, William K.
name: Simpson, Dennis A.
name: Chen, Bo
name: Mitra, Amritava
name: Zhou, Yingchun
name: Cordeiro-Stone, Marila
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: After treatment with ultraviolet radiation (UV), human fibroblasts that express the HPV type 16 E6 oncoprotein display defects in repair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, hypersensitivity to inactivation of clonogenic survival and an inability to sustain DNA replication. To determine whether these effects are specific to depletion of p53 or inactivation of its function, fibroblast lines were constructed with ectopic expression of a dominant-negative p53 allele (p53-H179Q) to inactivate function or a short-hairpin RNA (p53-RNAi) to deplete expression of p53. Only the expression of HPV16E6 sensitized fibroblasts to UV or the chemical carcinogen, benzo[a]pyrene diolepoxide I (BPDE). Carcinogen-treated cells expressing p53-H179Q or p53-RNAi were resistant to inactivation of colony formation and did not suffer replication arrest. CHK1 is a key checkpoint kinase in the response to carcinogen-induced DNA damage. Control and p53-RNAi-expressing fibroblasts displayed phosphorylation of Ser345 on CHK1 45–120 min after carcinogen treatment with a return to near baseline phosphorylation by 6 h after treatment. HPV16E6-expressing fibroblasts displayed enhanced and sustained phosphorylation of CHK1. This was associated with enhanced phosphorylation of Thr68 on CHK2 and Ser139 on H2AX, both markers of severe replication stress and DNA double strand breaks. Incubation with the phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid produced more phosphorylation of CHK1 in UV-treated HPV16E6-expressing cells than in p53-H179Q-expressing cells suggesting that HPV16E6 may interfere with the recovery of coupled DNA replication at replication forks that are stalled at [6-4]pyrimidine-pyrimidone photoproducts and BPDE-DNA adducts. The results indicate that HPV16E6 targets a protein or proteins other than p53 to deregulate the activity of CHK1 in carcinogen-damaged cells.
Correlation functions and correlation widths in Quantum-Chaotic Scattering for mesoscopic systems and nuclei
Creators: name: Ramos, J. G. G. S.
name: Barbosa, A. L. R.
name: Carlson, B. V.
name: Frederico, T.
name: Hussein, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive analytical expressions for the correlation functions of the electronic conductance fluctuations of an open quantum dot under several conditions. Both the variation of energy and that of an external parameter such as an applied perpendicular or parallel magnetic fields are considered in the general case of partial openness.. These expressions are then used to obtain the ensemble averaged density of maxima, a measure recently suggested to contain invaluable information concerning the chaoticity of the system. The correlation width is then calculated for the case of energy variation and a significant deviation from the Weisskopf estimate is found in the case of two terminals. The results are extended to more than two terminals. All our results are analytical.The use of these results in other fields, such as nuclei, where the system can only be studied through a variation of the energy, is then discussed.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, changes made include the inclusion of a second figure
title: Method of ring artifact reduction in X-ray CT using 2-directional Fourier transform filter
Creators: name: Yoneyama, Akio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: CT
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Artifacts

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Synchrotron radiation (SR) based micro-computed tomography (SR micro-CT) is a powerful tool for non-destructive observation of samples with micron-order spatial resolution and is widely used in many fields as biomedical, material, and...
Holographic Interpretation of Acoustic Black Holes
Creators: name: Ge, Xian-Hui
name: Sun, Jia-Rui
name: Tian, Yu
name: Wu, Xiao-Ning
name: Zhang, Yun-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the attempt to find the holographic description of usual acoustic black holes in fluid, we construct an acoustic black hole formed in the $d$-dimensional fluid located at the timelike cutoff surface of a neutral black brane in asymptotically AdS$_{d+1}$ spacetime, the bulk gravitational dual of the acoustic black hole is presented at first order of the hydrodynamic fluctuation. Moreover, the Hawking-like temperature of the acoustic black hole horizon is showed to be connected to the Hawking temperature of the real AdS black brane in the bulk, and the duality between the phonon scattering in the acoustic black hole and the sound channel quasinormal mode propagating in the bulk perturbed AdS black brane is extracted. We thus point out that, the acoustic black hole appeared in fluid, which was originally proposed as an analogous model to simulate Hawking radiation of the real black hole, is not merely an analogy, it can indeed be used to describe specific properties of the real AdS black holes, in the spirits of the fluid/gravity duality.
description: 25 pages, no figures; title changed, minor changes, version to appear in PRD
Quantum Bilinear Optimization
Creators: name: Berta, Mario
name: Fawzi, Omar
name: Scholz, Volkher B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study optimization programs given by a bilinear form over non-commutative variables subject to linear inequalities. Problems of this form include the entangled value of two-prover games, entanglement-assisted coding for classical channels and quantum-proof randomness extractors. We introduce an asymptotically converging hierarchy of efficiently computable semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxations for this quantum optimization. This allows us to give upper bounds on the quantum advantage for all of these problems. Compared to previous work of Pironio, Navascues and Acin, our hierarchy has additional constraints. By means of examples, we illustrate the importance of these new constraints both in practice and for analytical properties. Moreover, this allows us to give a hierarchy of SDP outer approximations for the completely positive semidefinite cone introduced by Laurent and Piovesan.
description: v3: published version
Formal Groups and $Z$-Entropies
Creators: name: Tempesta, Piergiulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We shall prove that the celebrated Rényi entropy is the first example of a new family of infinitely many multi-parametric entropies. We shall call them the $Z$-entropies. Each of them, under suitable hypotheses, generalizes the celebrated entropies of Boltzmann and Rényi. A crucial aspect is that every $Z$-entropy is composable [1]. This property means that the entropy of a system which is composed of two or more independent systems depends, in all the associated probability space, on the choice of the two systems only. Further properties are also required, to describe the composition process in terms of a group law. The composability axiom, introduced as a generalization of the fourth Shannon-Khinchin axiom (postulating additivity), is a highly non-trivial requirement. Indeed, in the trace-form class, the Boltzmann entropy and Tsallis entropy are the only known composable cases. However, in the non-trace form class, the $Z$-entropies arise as new entropic functions possessing the mathematical properties necessary for information-theoretical applications, in both classical and quantum contexts. From a mathematical point of view, composability is intimately related to formal group theory of algebraic topology. The underlying group-theoretical structure determines crucially the statistical properties of the corresponding entropies.
description: 20 pages, no figures
Analysis of exclusive $k_T$ jet algorithms in electron-positron annihilation
Creators: name: Chay, Junegone
name: Kim, Chul
name: Kim, Inchol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the factorization of the dijet cross section in $e^+ e^-$ annihilation using the generalized exclusive jet algorithm which includes the cone-type, the JADE, the $k_T$, the anti-$k_T$ and the Cambridge/Aachen jet algorithms as special cases. In order to probe the characteristics of the jet algorithms in a unified way, we consider the generalized $k_T$ jet algorithm with an arbitrary weight of the energies, in which various types of the $k_T$-type algorithms are included for specific values of the parameter. We show that the jet algorithm respects the factorization property for the parameter $α<2$. The factorized jet function and the soft function are well defined and infrared safe for all the jet algorithms except the $k_T$ algorithm. The $k_T$ algorithm ($α=2$) breaks the factorization since the jet and the soft functions are infrared divergent and are not defined for $α=2$, though the dijet cross section is infrared finite. In the jet algorithms which enable factorization, we give a phenomenological analysis using the resummed and the fixed-order results.
description: 35 pages, 9 figures, Journal version (PRD)
Complementarity relations for quantum coherence
Creators: name: Cheng, Shuming
name: Hall, Michael J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various measures have been suggested recently for quantifying the coherence of a quantum state with respect to a given basis. We first use two of these, the l_1-norm and relative entropy measures, to investigate tradeoffs between the coherences of mutually unbiased bases. Results include relations between coherence, uncertainty and purity; tight general bounds restricting the coherences of mutually unbiased bases; and an exact complementarity relation for qubit coherences. We further define the average coherence of a quantum state. For the l_1-norm measure this is related to a natural 'coherence radius' for the state, and leads to a conjecture for an l_2-norm measure of coherence. For relative entropy the average coherence is determined by the difference between the von Neumann entropy and the quantum subentropy of the state, and leads to upper bounds for the latter quantity. Finally, we point out that the relative entropy of coherence is a special case of G-asymmetry, which immediately yields several operational interpretations in contexts as diverse as frame-alignment, quantum communication and metrology, and suggests generalising the property of quantum coherence to arbitrary groups of physical transformations.
description: v2: Generalisation of coherence to groups of physical transformations. v3: close to published version (including corrected Eq. 6)
title: Pulmonary sarcoidosis - The many faces of a "great mimicker"
Creators: name: Oliveira, Helder
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: Mediastinum
subject: CT
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Education
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Illustrate typical and atypical features of pulmonary sarcoidosis on high-resolution computed tomography...
Resonant Tunneling and Intrinsic Bistability in Twisted Graphene Structures
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Nieva, Joaquin F.
name: Dresselhaus, Mildred S.
name: Levitov, Leonid S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict that vertical transport in heterostructures formed by twisted graphene layers can exhibit a unique bistability mechanism. Intrinsically bistable $I$-$V$ characteristics arise from resonant tunneling and interlayer charge coupling, enabling multiple stable states in the sequential tunneling regime. We consider a simple trilayer architecture, with the outer layers acting as the source and drain and the middle layer floating. Under bias, the middle layer can be either resonant or non-resonant with the source and drain layers. The bistability is controlled by geometric device parameters easily tunable in experiments. The nanoscale architecture can enable uniquely fast switching times.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Origin licensing and p53 status regulate Cdk2 activity during G1
Creators: name: Nevis, Kathleen R.
name: Cordeiro-Stone, Marila
name: Cook, Jeanette Gowen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Origins of DNA replication are licensed through the assembly of a chromatin-bound prereplication complex. Multiple regulatory mechanisms block new prereplication complex assembly after the G1/S transition to prevent rereplication. The strict inhibition of licensing after the G1/S transition means that all origins used in S phase must have been licensed in the preceding G1. Nevertheless mechanisms that coordinate S phase entry with the completion of origin licensing are still poorly understood. We demonstrate that depletion of either of two essential licensing factors, Cdc6 or Cdt1, in normal human fibroblasts induces a G1 arrest accompanied by inhibition of cyclin E/Cdk2 activity and hypophosphorylation of Rb. The Cdk2 inhibition is attributed to a reduction in the essential activating phosphorylation of T160 and an associated delay in Cdk2 nuclear accumulation. In contrast, licensing inhibition in the HeLa or U2OS cancer cell lines failed to regulate Cdk2 or Rb phosphorylation, and these cells died by apoptosis. Co-depletion of Cdc6 and p53 in normal cells restored Cdk2 activation and Rb phosphorylation, permitting them to enter S phase with a reduced rate of replication and also to accumulate markers of DNA damage. These results demonstrate dependence on origin licensing for multiple events required for G1 progression, and suggest a mechanism to prevent premature S phase entry that functions in normal cells but not in p53-deficient cells.
MODERN METHODS OF TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS
Creators: name: Aminova, Mohinur
name: Nuraliyeva, Madina
name: Ergashov, Alibek
name: Orifboyev, Jamshidbek
name: Sobirov, Ogʻabek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Congenital heart defects are a group of diseases characterized by an anatomical deficiency of the heart (valve, vessel), which occurs in the mother's womb, and is characterized by heart and hemodynamic disorders. The main symptoms are pale skin, bruising, heart murmurs, growth retardation, shortness of breath and signs of heart failure. If a congenital heart defect is suspected, ECG, FKG, X-ray, ExoKG, cardiac catheterization, aortagraphy, cardiography, cardiac MRI are performed. Cardiosurgical treatment is used in many cases.
Addendum to "The Kolmogorov--Riesz compactness theorem" (Expo. Math. 28:385--394 (2010))
Creators: name: Hanche-Olsen, Harald
name: Holden, Helge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E30, 46E35 (Primary), 46N20 (Secondary)

description: We show how to improve on Theorem 10 in [arXiv:0906.4883], describing when subsets in $W^{1,p}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ are totally bounded subsets of $L^q(\mathbb{R}^n)$ for $p
description: 2 pages. This is an addendum to our paper arXiv:0906.4883 . To appear in Expo. Math. Revision 2 fixes a minor mistake in the final estimate (pointed out by the referee)
Replication licensing promotes cyclin D1 expression and G 1 progression in untransformed human cells
Creators: name: Vaziri, Cyrus
name: Cook, Jeanette Gowen
name: Nevis, Kathleen
name: Slater, Damien M.
name: Liu, Peijun
name: Lenburg, Marc
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Defects in DNA replication are implicated as early and causal events in malignancy. However, the immediate effects of impaired DNA replication licensing on cell cycle progression of non-malignant human cells are unknown. Therefore, we have investigated the acute effects of Mcm7 ablation using synchronized cultures of untransformed Human Dermal Fibroblasts (HDF). Mcm7 ablation elicited a G1 delay associated with impaired activation of CDK4 and CDK2 and reduced Rb phosphorylation. The cell cycle delay of Mcm7-ablated cells was not associated with a DNA damage response. However, levels of cyclin D1 mRNA were specifically reduced and binding of RNA Polymerase II to the CYCD1 promoter was decreased in Mcm7-depleted cells. Similar to Mcm7-deficiency, Mcm2- or Cdc6-depletion led to impaired cyclin D expression. Ectopic overexpression of Cdc6 in quiescent cells promoted cyclin D1 expression, CDK4 activation and G1 progression. Therefore timely and efficient expression of cyclin D1 during G1 phase requires replication licensing. Reconstitution of cyclin D1 expression was insufficient to correct the G1 delay of Mcm7-depleted cells, indicating that additional cell cycle events during G1 are dependent on replication licensing. However, ectopic expression of the HPV-E7 oncoprotein, and the resulting bypass of the requirement for cyclin D1-Rb signaling enabled Mcm7-depleted cells to enter S-phase. HPV-E7-induced S-phase entry of Mcm7-depleted cells led to a DNA damage response, a hallmark of pre-malignancy. Taken together, our results suggest the existence of a ‘replication licensing restriction point’ that couples pre-RC assembly with G1 progression in normal cells to minimize replication stress, DNA damage and tumorigenesis.
Inclusion of Forbidden Minors in Random Representable Matroids
Creators: name: Altschuler, Jason
name: Yang, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In 1984, Kelly and Oxley introduced the model of a random representable matroid $M[A_n]$ corresponding to a random matrix $A_n \in \mathbb{F}_q^{m(n) \times n}$, whose entries are drawn independently and uniformly from $\mathbb{F}_q$. Whereas properties such as rank, connectivity, and circuit size have been well-studied, forbidden minors have not yet been analyzed. Here, we investigate the asymptotic probability as $n \to \infty$ that a fixed $\mathbb{F}_q$-representable matroid $M$ is a minor of $M[A_n]$. (We always assume $m(n) \geq \text{rank}(M)$ for all sufficiently large $n$, otherwise $M$ can never be a minor of the corresponding $M[A_n]$.) When $M$ is free, we show that $M$ is asymptotically almost surely (a.a.s.) a minor of $M[A_n]$. When $M$ is not free, we show a phase transition: $M$ is a.a.s. a minor if $n - m(n) \to \infty$, but is a.a.s. not if $m(n) - n \to \infty$. In the more general settings of $m \leq n$ and $m > n$, we give lower and upper bounds, respectively, on both the asymptotic and non-asymptotic probability that $M$ is a minor of $M[A_n]$. The tools we develop to analyze matroid operations and minors of random matroids may be of independent interest. Our results directly imply that $M[A_n]$ is a.a.s. not contained in any proper, minor-closed class $\mathcal{M}$ of $\mathbb{F}_q$-representable matroids, provided: (i) $n - m(n) \to \infty$, and (ii) $m(n)$ is at least the minimum rank of any $\mathbb{F}_q$-representable forbidden minor of $\mathcal{M}$, for all sufficiently large $n$. As an application, this shows that graphic matroids are a vanishing subset of linear matroids, in a sense made precise in the paper. Our results provide an approach for applying the rich theory around matroid minors to the less-studied field of random matroids.
description: to appear in Discrete Mathematics
title: Imaging diagnosis of common lung nodule: Comparison of ultra-high resolution CT / MRI / PET / pathology
Creators: name: Moriya, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: MR
subject: PET-CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Screening
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Education points With the spread of CT screening, the chances of small lung nodule and early lung cancer are increasing. Therefore, the following points are presented by comparing the ultra-high resolution CT / MRI / PET / excision pathology of...
Chiral damping of magnetic domain walls
Creators: name: Jué, Emilie
name: Safeer, C. K.
name: Drouard, Marc
name: Lopez, Alexandre
name: Balint, Paul
name: Buda-Prejbeanu, Liliana
name: Boulle, Olivier
name: Auffret, Stephane
name: Schuhl, Alain
name: Manchon, Aurelien
name: Miron, Ioan Mihai
name: Gaudin, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structural symmetry breaking in magnetic materials is responsible for a variety of outstanding physical phenomena. Examples range from the existence of multiferroics, to current induced spin orbit torques (SOT) and the formation of topological magnetic structures. In this letter we bring into light a novel effect of the structural inversion asymmetry (SIA): a chiral damping mechanism. This phenomenon is evidenced by measuring the field driven domain wall (DW) motion in perpendicularly magnetized asymmetric Pt/Co/Pt trilayers. The difficulty in evidencing the chiral damping is that the ensuing DW dynamics exhibit identical spatial symmetry to those expected from the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). Despite this fundamental resemblance, the two scenarios are differentiated by their time reversal properties: while DMI is a conservative effect that can be modeled by an effective field, the chiral damping is purely dissipative and has no influence on the equilibrium magnetic texture. When the DW motion is modulated by an in-plane magnetic field, it reveals the structure of the internal fields experienced by the DWs, allowing to distinguish the physical mechanism. The observation of the chiral damping, not only enriches the spectrum of physical phenomena engendered by the SIA, but since it can coexists with DMI it is essential for conceiving DW and skyrmion devices.
(401680) James Coupar
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Temporal differences in DNA replication during the S phase using single fiber analysis of normal human fibroblasts and glioblastoma T98G cells
Creators: name: Kaufman, David G.
name: Frum, Rebecca A.
name: Khondker, Zakaria S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: We have recently shown that replication forks pause near origins in normal human fibroblasts (NHF1-hTERT) but not glioblastoma T98G cells. This observation led us to question whether other differences in the replication program may exist between these cell types that may relate to their genetic integrity. To identify differences, we detected immunoflourescently the sequential incorporation of the nucleotide analogs IdU and CldU into replicating DNA at the start of every hour of a synchronized S phase. We then characterized the patterns of labeled replicating DNA tracks and quantified the percentages and lengths of the tracks found at these hourly intervals. From the directionality of labeling in single extended replicating DNA fibers, tracks were categorized as single bidirectional origins, unidirectional elongations, clusters of origins firing in tandem, or merging forks (terminations). Our analysis showed that the start of S phase is enriched in single bidirectional origins in NHF1-hTERT cells, followed by an increase in clustering during mid S phase and an increase in merging forks during late S phase. Early S phase in T98G cells also largely consisted of single bidirectional origin initiations; however, an increase in clustering was delayed until an hour later, and clusters were shorter in mid/late S phase than in NHF1-hTERT cells. The spike in merging forks also did not occur until an hour later in T98G cells. Our observations suggest models to explain the temporal replication of single and clustered origins, and suggest differences in the replication program in a normal and cancer cell line.
(401675) Robert McGavin
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Chromatin unfolding by Cdt1 regulates MCM loading via opposing functions of HBO1 and HDAC11-geminin
Creators: name: Vaziri, Cyrus
name: Alexandrow, Mark G.
name: Cao, Thinh V.
name: Seto, Edward
name: Glozak, Michele A.
name: Wong, Philip G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The efficiency of metazoan origins of DNA replication is known to be enhanced by histone acetylation near origins. Although this correlates with increased MCM recruitment, the mechanism by which such acetylation regulates MCM loading is unknown. We show here that Cdt1 induces large-scale chromatin decondensation that is required for MCM recruitment. This process occurs in G1, is suppressed by Geminin and requires HBO1 HAT activity and histone H4 modifications. HDAC11, which binds Cdt1 and replication origins during S phase, potently inhibits Cdt1-induced chromatin unfolding and re-replication, suppresses MCM loading and binds Cdt1 more efficiently in the presence of Geminin. We also demonstrate that chromatin at endogenous origins is more accessible in G1 relative to S phase. These results provide evidence that histone acetylation promotes MCM loading via enhanced chromatin accessibility. This process is regulated positively by Cdt1 and HBO1 in G1 and repressed by Geminin-HDAC11 association with Cdt1 in S phase and represents a novel form of replication licensing control.
(401676) Kenneth Walker Henderson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Large-scale structure and the intrinsic alignment of galaxies
Creators: name: Blazek, Jonathan
name: Seljak, Uroš
name: Mandelbaum, Rachel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent alignments of galaxy shapes, often called "intrinsic alignments" (IA), are the most significant source of astrophysical uncertainty in weak lensing measurements. We develop the tidal alignment model of IA and demonstrate its success in describing observational data. We also describe a technique to separate IA from galaxy-galaxy lensing measurements. Applying this technique to luminous red galaxy lenses in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we constrain potential IA contamination from associated sources to be below a few percent.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Proceedings of IAU Symposium 308 "The Zeldovich Universe: Genesis and Growth of the Cosmic Web", 23-28 June 2014, Tallinn, Estonia
title: MR imaging and CT findings in case of brain injury after acute carbon monoxide poisoning, correlation with carboxyhemoglobin levels and clinical outcomes
Creators: name: Peterfelds, Martins
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Toxicity

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: External inhalation of CO is the most common cause of fatal poisoning worldwide. Brain is most heavily affected due to its high oxygen demand. The diagnosis can be quickly confirmed with blood gases, but it doesn't show what to expect in...
Coordinate regulation of histone mRNA metabolism and DNA replication: Cyclin A/cdk1 is involved in inactivation of histone mRNA metabolism and DNA replication at the end of S phase
Creators: name: Dong, Jian
name: Koseoglu, M. Murat
name: Marzluff, William F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: S phase is characterized by the replication of DNA and assembly of chromatin. This requires the synthesis of large amounts of histone proteins to package the newly replicated DNA. Histone mRNAs are the only mRNAs that do not have polyA tails, ending instead in a conserved stemloop sequence. The stemloop binding protein (SLBP) that binds the 3′ end of histone mRNA is cell cycle regulated and SLBP is required in all steps of histone mRNA metabolism. Activation of cyclin E/cdk2 prior to entry into S-phase is critical for initiation of DNA replication and histone mRNA accumulation. At the end of S phase SLBP is rapidly degraded as a result of phosphorylation of SLBP by cyclin A/cdk1 and CK2 effectively shutting off histone mRNA biosynthesis. E2F1, which is required for expression of many S-phase genes, is regulated in parallel with SLBP and its degradation also requires a cyclin binding site, suggesting that it may also be regulated by the same pathway. It is likely that activation of cyclin A/cdk1 helps inhibit both DNA replication and histone mRNA accumulation, marking the end of S phase and entry into G2-phase.
(401673) Jessie Ogilvie
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Design and practical Realization of an innovative Flywheel Concept for industrial Applications
Creators: name: Quurck, Lukas
name: Richter, Michael
name: Schneider, Maximilian
name: Franz, Daniel
name: Rinderknecht, Stephan
Publisher: name: Magdeburger Verein für Technische Mechanik e.V. & Institut für Mechanik, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2023

description: The joint industry project ‘ETA-Fabrik’ at TU Darmstadt demonstrates different approaches to improve the energy efficiency of manufacturing processes. Within this project an innovative flywheel concept was designed and realized in order to provide energy storage and load smoothing services. The flywheel design is an outerrotor setup. The rotor is a hubless hollow cylinder made of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP). All functional components are fully integrated into the rotor. For the radial suspension homopolar active magnetic bearings (AMBs) made of soft magnetic composite are used. A permanent magnetic bearing provides axial levitation. In order to increase the systems robustness a newly developed backup bearing system in a planetary arrangement with multiple independent bearing elements is integrated. The motor generator unit is a permanent magnet synchronous machine which is connected to the factory gird via a frequency inverter. The system is operated in high vacuum in order to reduce gaseous friction. Design challenges are the segmented sensor planes for the AMBs, the diametric enlargement of the rotor due to centrifugal forces, the anisotropic FRP as well as the thermal stability of the rotor in vacuum environment which leads to the demand of very low rotor losses. The paper describes the system and component design process and solutions which were incorporated in order to meet the design restrictions and challenges.
Kinematical Uniqueness of Loop Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Fleischhack, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C45 (Primary) 46L60, 46L30, 58D05, 81R15 (Secondary)

description: We review uniqueness results for the kinematical part of loop quantum gravity. After sketching the general loop formalism, the holonomy-flux and the Weyl algebras are introduced. In both cases, then, diffeomorphism invariant representations are described.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX with Birkh\"auser style. Uploaded version as accepted for publication in 2006, only modifications: present address added, journal information added to references if published in the meantime
Imikute protseduurivalu hindamine ja mittefarmakoloogiline valutustamine Eesti haiglates – õdede vaatekoht
Creators: name: Treiman-Kiveste, Airin
name: Pölkki, Tarja
name: Kalda, Ruth
name: Kangasniemi, Mari
Publisher: name: Eesti Arst
Year: 2023

description: Eesti Arst 2023; 102(1):45
description: Eesti Arst, 2023: Jaanuar
Revised genetic requirements for the decatenation G2 checkpoint: The role of ATM
Creators: name: Cordeiro-Stone, Marila
name: Zhou, Tong
name: Zhou, Yingchun
name: Simpson, Dennis A.
name: Arlander, Sonnet J.
name: Paules, Richard S.
name: Kaufmann, William K.
name: Bower, Jacquelyn J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The decatenation G2 checkpoint is proposed to delay cellular progression from G2 into mitosis when intertwined daughter chromatids are insufficiently decatenated. Previous studies indicated that the ATM- and Rad3-related (ATR) checkpoint kinase, but not the ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) kinase, was required for decatenation G2 checkpoint function. Here, we show that the method used to quantify decatenation G2 checkpoint function can influence the identification of genetic requirements for the checkpoint. Normal human diploid fibroblast (NHDF) lines responded to the topoisomerase II (topo II) catalytic inhibitor ICRF-193 with a stringent G2 arrest and a reduction in the mitotic index. While siRNA-mediated depletion of ATR and CHEK1 increased the mitotic index in ICRF-193 treated NHDF lines, depletion of these proteins did not affect the mitotic entry rate, indicating that the decatenation G2 checkpoint was functional. These results suggest that ATR and CHEK1 are not required for the decatenation G2 checkpoint, but may influence mitotic exit after inhibition of topo II. A re-evaluation of ataxia telangiectasia (AT) cell lines using the mitotic entry assay indicated that ATM was required for the decatenation G2 checkpoint. Three NHDF cell lines responded to ICRF-193 with a mean 98% inhibition of the mitotic entry rate. Examination of the mitotic entry rates in AT fibroblasts upon treatment with ICRF-193 revealed a significantly attenuated decatenation G2 checkpoint response, with a mean 59% inhibition of the mitotic entry rate. In addition, a normal lymphoblastoid line exhibited a 95% inhibition of the mitotic entry rate after incubation with ICRF-193, whereas two AT lymphoblastoid lines displayed only 36% and 20% inhibition of the mitotic entry rate. Stable depletion of ATM in normal human fibroblasts with short hairpin RNA also attenuated decatenation G2 checkpoint function by an average of 40%. Western immunoblot analysis demonstrated that treatment with ICRF-193 induced ATM autophosphorylation and ATM-dependent phosphorylation of Ser15-p53 and Thr68 in CHEK2, but no appreciable phosphorylation of Ser139 on H2AX. The results suggest that inhibition of topo II induces ATM to phosphorylate selected targets that contribute to a G2 arrest independently of DNA damage.
Ekstrakorporaalse membraanoksügenisatsiooni rakendamine COVID-19-ga kaasneva kopsupõletikuga rasedatele patsientidele – ülevaade ja haigusjuhtude kirjeldus
Creators: name: Appelberg, Oskar
name: Padar, Martin
name: Maasikas, Olavi
Publisher: name: Eesti Arst
Year: 2023

description: Ekstrakorporaalne membraanoksügenisatsioon ehk EKMO on ravimeetod, millega toetatakse kriitilises seisundis patsientide vereringet ja/või gaasivahetust olukorras, kus raske südame- või hingamispuudulikkus ei ole muude intensiivravi võtetega ravitav. EKMO kasutamine hoogustus 21. sajandi algul seoses A-gripi puhangutega ning ka käesoleva COVID-19-pandeemia ajal on seda ravimeetodit laialdaselt kasutatud kõige raskemas seisundis patsientidel. Artiklis on kirjeldatud EKMO kasutamist kahel COVID19-ga kaasnenud kopsupõletikuga rasedal. Lisatud on kirjanduse ülevaade.
description: Eesti Arst, 2023: Jaanuar
First polarised light with the NIKA camera
Creators: name: Ritacco, A.
name: Adam, R.
name: Adane, A.
name: Ade, P.
name: André, P.
name: Beelen, A.
name: Belier, B.
name: Benoît, A.
name: Bideaud, A.
name: Billot, N.
name: Bourrion, O.
name: Calvo, M.
name: Catalano, A.
name: Coiffard, G.
name: Comis, B.
name: D'Addabbo, A.
name: Désert, F. -X.
name: Doyle, S.
name: Goupy, J.
name: Kramer, C.
name: Leclercq, S.
name: Macías-Pérez, J. F.
name: Martino, J.
name: Mauskopf, P.
name: Maury, A.
name: Mayet, F.
name: Monfardini, A.
name: Pajot, F.
name: Pascale, E.
name: Perotto, L.
name: Pisano, G.
name: Ponthieu, N.
name: Rebolo-Iglesias, M.
name: Réveret, V.
name: Rodriguez, L.
name: Savini, G.
name: Schuster, K.
name: Sievers, A.
name: Thum, C.
name: Triqueneaux, S.
name: Tucker, C.
name: Zylka, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NIKA is a dual-band camera operating with 315 frequency multiplexed LEKIDs cooled at 100 mK. NIKA is designed to observe the sky in intensity and polarisation at 150 and 260 GHz from the IRAM 30-m telescope. It is a test-bench for the final NIKA2 camera. The incoming linear polarisation is modulated at four times the mechanical rotation frequency by a warm rotating multi-layer Half Wave Plate. Then, the signal is analysed by a wire grid and finally absorbed by the LEKIDs. The small time constant (< 1ms ) of the LEKID detectors combined with the modulation of the HWP enables the quasi-simultaneous measurement of the three Stokes parameters I, Q, U, representing linear polarisation. In this paper we present results of recent observational campaigns demonstrating the good performance of NIKA in detecting polarisation at mm wavelength.
description: 7 pages, Proceeding for Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Kroonilise insomnia farmakoloogilised ravivõimalused
Creators: name: Skarlet, Jeva
name: Põld, Katrin
Publisher: name: Eesti Arst
Year: 2023

description: Insomnia ehk unetus on üks sagedasematest kaebustest, mille tõttu patsiendid arsti poole pöörduvad. Kuigi farmakoteraapia ei ole unetuse ravis esmane valik, võib õige farmakoloogiline ravi olla üks osa unetuse multimodaalsest käsitlusest. Artikli eesmärk on anda ülevaade kõige sagedamini kasutatavatest ravimitest insomnia ravis ning jagada soovitusi ravi alustamiseks.
description: Eesti Arst, 2023: Jaanuar