cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Laguerre-Gaussian wave propagation in parabolic media
Creators: name: Cruz, S. Cruz y
name: Gress, Z.
name: Jimenez-Macias, P.
name: Rosas-Ortiz, Oscar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q60, 78A60 (Primary) 35Q40, 81V80 (Secondary)

description: We report a new set of Laguerre-Gaussian wave-packets that propagate with periodical self-focusing and finite beam width in weakly guiding inhomogeneous media. These wave-packets are solutions to the paraxial form of the wave equation for a medium with parabolic refractive index. The beam width is defined as a solution of the Ermakov equation associated to the harmonic oscillator, so its amplitude is modulated by the strength of the medium inhomogeneity. The conventional Laguerre-Gaussian modes, available for homogenous media, are recovered as a particular case.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Planetary nebulae with Wolf-Rayet-type central stars -- IV. NGC 1501 and its mixing layer
Creators: name: Rubio, G.
name: Toalá, J.
name: Todt, H.
name: Sabin, L.
name: Santamaría, E.
name: Ramos-Larios, G.
name: Guerrero, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theory predicts that the temperature of the X-ray-emitting gas ($\sim$10$^{6}$ K) detected from planetary nebulae (PNe) is a consequence of mixing or thermal conduction when in contact with the ionized outer rim ($\sim$10$^{4}$ K). Gas at intermediate temperatures ($\sim$10$^{5}$ K) can be used to study the physics of the production of X-ray-emitting gas, via C IV, N V and O VI ions. Here we model the stellar atmosphere of the CSPN of NGC 1501 to demonstrate that even this hot H-deficient [WO4]-type star cannot produce these emission lines by photoionization. We use the detection of the C IV lines to assess the physical properties of the mixing region in this PNe in comparison with its X-ray-emitting gas, rendering NGC 1501 only the second PNe with such characterization. We extend our predictions to the hottest [WO1] and cooler [WC5] spectral types and demonstrate that most energetic photons are absorbed in the dense winds of [WR] CSPN and highly ionized species can be used to study the physics behind the production of hot bubbles in PNe. We found that the UV observations of NGC 2452, NGC 6751 and NGC 6905 are consistent with the presence mixing layers and hot bubbles, providing excellent candidates for future X-ray observations.
description: To appear in MNRAS; 14 pages, 10 figures, 6 tables
Detailed explanation of the proposed model from Modelling the direct virus exposure risk associated with respiratory events
Creators: name: wang, Jietuo
name: Dalla Barba, Federico
name: Roccon, Alessio
name: Sardina, Gaetano
name: Soldati, Alfredo
name: picano, Francesco
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Environmental Science
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In the Supplementary Material we provide all details needed for understanding and possibly implementing our proposed model
Parallel two-qubit entangling gates via a quantum nondemolition interaction controlled by rotation
Creators: name: Vashukevich, E. A.
name: Golubeva, T. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents an analysis of entangling and nonlocal operations in a quantum nondemolition (QND) interaction between multimode light with orbital angular momentum and an atomic ensemble. A protocol consists of two QND operations with rotations of quadratures of atomic spin coherence and light between them. This protocol provides a wide range of two-qubit operations, while the multimode nature of the chosen degrees of freedom allows the implementation of parallel operations over multiple two-qubit systems. We have used the formalism of equivalence classes and local invariants to evaluate the properties of two-qubit transformations. It is shown that, when selecting suitable values of the governing parameters, such as the duration of each of the two QND interactions and the rotation angles of the qubits, the protocol allows to realize a deterministic nonlocal $SWAP$ operation and entangling $\sqrt{SWAP}$ operation with probability 1/3.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Native Plant Resources and Garden Landscaping in Longnan of Gansu Province
Creators: name: LIU, Quan
name: LI, Zhanpeng
name: LI, Xiaolin
name: YAN, Huili
name: LIU, Hong
name: LIU, Quan
name: LI, Zhanpeng
name: LI, Xiaolin
name: YAN, Huili
name: LIU, Hong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Western plants, Reasonable combination, Cultivation techniques

description: Qinba Mountain Area is rich in plant resources. It is of great significance to study how to combine arbors, shrubs, and herbs in different regions and different climatic regions, reflect the beauty of color, form, and charm. Besides, under different climatic and geomorphological conditions, adopting different land preparation methods and different cultivation techniques is helpful for increasing the survival rate and preservation rate, so as to provide certain technical basis for revitalizing development of rural areas and building the ecological barriers.
Study on Landscape Construction of Sustainable Urban Rooftop Farms
Creators: name: LIU, Li
name: LIU, Li
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Rooftop farms, Landscape construction, Sustainability

description: the perspective ecological benefit, economic benefit and social benefit, this paper analyzes the necessity of building urban rooftop farm under the demand of sustainable life of urban residents, and puts forward the design strategy of rooftop farm landscape construction, in order to provide a scientific basis for the construction of sustainable roof farm landscape, and to achieve the planning and design of the future lifestyle of urban residents.
X-ray spectral evolution of SAX J1747.0-2853 during outburst activity and confirmation of its transient nature
Creators: name: Werner, N.
name: Zand, J. J. M. in 't
name: Natalucci, L.
name: Markwardt, C. B.
name: Cornelisse, R.
name: Bazzano, A.
name: Cocchi, M.
name: Heise, J.
name: Ubertini, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SAX J1747.0-2853 is an X-ray transient which exhibited X-ray outbursts yearly between 1998 and 2001, and most probably also in 1976. The outburst of 2000 was the longest and brightest. We have analyzed X-ray data sets that focus on the 2000 outburst and were obtained with BeppoSAX, XMM-Newton and RXTE. The data cover unabsorbed 2--10 keV fluxes between 0.1 and 5.3 X 10^-9 erg/s/cm^2. The equivalent luminosity range is 6 X 10^35 to 2 X 10^37 erg/s. The 0.3--10 keV spectrum is well described by a combination of a multi-temperature disk blackbody, a hot Comptonization component and a narrow Fe-K emission line at 6.5 to 6.8 keV with an equivalent width of up to 285 eV. The hydrogen column density in the line of sight is (8.8+/-0.5) X 10^22 cm^-2. The most conspicuous spectral changes in this model are represented by variations of the temperature and radius of the inner edge of the accretion disk, and a jump of the equivalent width of the Fe-K line in one observation. Furthermore, 45 type-I X-ray bursts were unambiguously detected between 1998 and 2001 which all occurred during or close to outbursts. We derive a distance of 7.5+/-1.3 kpc which is consistent with previous determinations. Our failure to detect bursts for prolonged periods outside outbursts provides indirect evidence that the source returns to quiescence between outbursts and is a true transient.
description: accepted by A&A, minor adjustments incorporated from copy editing process
Negotiating Post-Feminism in Contemporary Film and Television: A Critical Analysis of Selected Works
Creators: name: Βράκα, Μαρκέλλα Δημήτρη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2025
Subjects: Μεταφεμινισμός
Τηλεοπτικές σειρές
Νεοφιλελεύθερος
Post-feminism
Television series
Neoliberal

description: The present thesis aims to show how post-feminist discourse interacts with neoliberal concepts of “agency” and autonomy in television. This study examines how post-feminist media connects with neoliberalism, aiming to contribute to continuing discussions regarding the impact on gender norms and neoliberal ideology. It analyses the post-feminist media, specifically the TV series Girls, and argues that it reinforces neoliberal principles of individualism while limiting collective feminist action. Based on the analyses conducted, Girls serves as an exemplar of how neoliberal feminism empowers individuals by emphasizing personal choices, careers, and self-actualization. The criticism of Girls regarding its deficiency in racial and class diversity aligns with Rottenberg’s claim that neoliberalism prioritizes elite welfarism. In summary, Girls serves as a pertinent example for the analysis of popular culture regarding the merits and drawbacks of neoliberal feminism.
description: Η παρούσα διατριβή στοχεύει να δείξει πώς ο μεταφεμινιστικός αλληλεπιδρά με τις νεοφιλελεύθερες έννοιες “agency” και της αυτονομίας στην τηλεόραση. Αυτή η μελέτη εξετάζει τον τρόπο με τον οποίο τα μεταφεμινιστικά ΜΜΕ συνδέονται με τον νεοφιλελευθερισμό, με στόχο να συμβάλει στη συνέχιση των συζητήσεων σχετικά με τον αντίκτυπο στα πρότυπα του φύλου και τη νεοφιλελεύθερη ιδεολογία. Αναλύει τα μεταφεμινιστικά μέσα, συγκεκριμένα την τηλεοπτική σειρά Girls, και υποστηρίζει ότι ενισχύει τις νεοφιλελεύθερες αρχές του ατομικισμού ενώ περιορίζει τη συλλογική φεμινιστική δράση. Με βάση τις αναλύσεις της διατριβής, το Girls χρησιμεύει ως παράδειγμα για το πώς ο νεοφιλελεύθερος φεμινισμός ενδυναμώνει τα άτομα δίνοντας έμφαση στις προσωπικές επιλογές, σταδιοδρομίες και στην αυτοπραγμάτωση. Παρόλα αυτά, η κριτική των Girls σχετικά με την ανεπάρκειά που αφορά τη φυλετική και ταξική διαφορετικότητα ευθυγραμμίζεται με τον ισχυρισμό της Rottenberg ότι ο νεοφιλελευθερισμός δίνει προτεραιότητα στην ευημερία των ελίτ. Συνοπτικά, το Girls χρησιμεύει ως κατάλληλο παράδειγμα για την ανάλυση της λαϊκής κουλτούρας σχετικά με τα πλεονεκτήματα και τα μειονεκτήματα του νεοφιλελεύθερου φεμινισμού.
Censored Quantile Regression Forest
Creators: name: Li, Alexander Hanbo
name: Bradic, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Random forests are powerful non-parametric regression method but are severely limited in their usage in the presence of randomly censored observations, and naively applied can exhibit poor predictive performance due to the incurred biases. Based on a local adaptive representation of random forests, we develop its regression adjustment for randomly censored regression quantile models. Regression adjustment is based on a new estimating equation that adapts to censoring and leads to quantile score whenever the data do not exhibit censoring. The proposed procedure named {\it censored quantile regression forest}, allows us to estimate quantiles of time-to-event without any parametric modeling assumption. We establish its consistency under mild model specifications. Numerical studies showcase a clear advantage of the proposed procedure.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1902.03327
Long-term trends of light pollution assessed from SQM measurements and an empirical atmospheric model
Creators: name: Puschnig, Johannes
name: Wallner, Stefan
name: Schwope, Axel
name: Näslund, Magnus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present long-term (4-10 years) trends of light pollution observed at 26 locations, covering rural, intermediate and urban sites, including the three major European metropolitan areas of Stockholm, Berlin and Vienna. Our analysis is based on i) night sky brightness (NSB) measurements obtained with Sky Quality Meters (SQMs) and ii) a rich set of atmospheric data products provided by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. We describe the SQM data reduction routine in which we filter for moon- and clear-sky data and correct for the SQM "aging" effect using an updated version of the twilight method of Puschnig et al. (2021). Our clear-sky, aging-corrected data reveals short- and long-term (seasonal) variations due to atmospheric changes. To assess long-term anthropogenic NSB trends, we establish an empirical atmospheric model via multi-variate penalized linear regression. Our modeling approach allows to quantitatively investigate the importance of different atmospheric parameters, revealing that surface albedo and vegetation have by far the largest impact on zenithal NSB. Additionally, the NSB is sensitive to black carbon and organic matter aerosols at urban and rural sites respectively. Snow depth was found to be important for some sites, while the total column of ozone leaves impact on some rural places. The average increase in light pollution at our 11 rural sites is 1.7 percent per year. At our nine urban sites we measure an increase of 1.8 percent per year and for the remaining six intermediate sites we find an average increase of 3.7 percent per year. These numbers correspond to doubling times of 41, 39 and 19 years. We estimate that our method is capable of detecting trend slopes shallower/steeper than 1.5 percent per year.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
Optimizing optical trap stiffness for Rayleigh particles with a array of Airy beams
Creators: name: Suarez, Rafael A. B.
name: Neves, Antonio A. R.
name: Gesualdi, Marcos R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Airy array beams are attractive for optical manipulation of particles owing to their non-diffraction and auto-focusing properties. An Airy array beams is composed of $N$ Airy beams which accelerate mutually and symmetrically in opposite direction, for different ballistics trajectories, that is, with different initial launch angles. Based on this, we investigate the optical force distribution acting on Rayleigh particles. Results show that is possible to obtain greater stability, for optical trapping, increasing the number of beams in the array. Also, the intensity focal point and gradient and scattering force of array on Rayleigh particles can be controlled through a launch angle parameter.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Effects of Biogas Slurry Recirculation on Anaerobic Digestion Performance of Maize Straw Silage
Creators: name: LIU, Xinhe
name: LI, Nan
name: YANG, Mengya
name: ZHANG, Benyue
name: XU, Guangbo
name: PIAO, Renzhe
name: ZHAO, Hongyan
name: LIU, Xinhe
name: LI, Nan
name: YANG, Mengya
name: ZHANG, Benyue
name: XU, Guangbo
name: PIAO, Renzhe
name: ZHAO, Hongyan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Biogas slurry recirculation, Maize straw silage, Anaerobic digestion performance, Biomass resources

description: In order to investigate the effects of slurry recirculation technology on anaerobic digestion performance of maize straw silage, maize straw silage was fermented with recirculated biogas slurry, and the gas production, pH value, methane content, volatile organic acids (VFAs) contents, chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate and other indicators were studied. The results showed that the fermentation time was positively correlated with daily gas production, methane content, cumulative gas production, VFAs and COD removal rate. Although the pH value fluctuated, it was still in the normal reaction range. The daily gas production was about 1.26 L. The acetic acid content increased first, then decreased, then increased, and finally stabilized. The biogas slurry recirculation technology saves water resources by 40 mL/d without affecting the normal gas production of anaerobic fermentation, and reduces the consumption of environmental resources. It has important development significance for the sustainable use of biomass resources.
DIFFERENTIAL IMPACTS OF USE VALUE TAXATION ON LOCAL PROPERTY TAX BASES OVER TIME
Creators: name: Yamauchi, Hiroshi
name: Yamauchi, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: taxation
subject: agricultural lands
subject: use value
subject: effective tax rates
subject: distributional impacts
subject: capitalization
subject: foregone growth rates
subject: transfer effects
subject: simulation

description: Relative distributional impacts are measured by comparing effective tax rates with vs without (simulated) the use value program in Hawaii. Economic growth and capitalization of taxes both tend to lessen long term transfer effects and more so in SMSA than rural counties even if the growth potentials of foregone taxes are taken into account.
Hubble Space Telescope Imaging in the Chandra Deep Field South: III. Quantitative Morphology of the 1Ms Chandra Counterparts and Comparison with the Field Population
Creators: name: Grogin, N. A.
name: Koekemoer, A. M.
name: Schreier, E. J.
name: Bergeron, J.
name: Giacconi, R.
name: Hasinger, G.
name: Kewley, L.
name: Norman, C.
name: Rosati, P.
name: Tozzi, P.
name: Zirm, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present quantitative morphological analyses of 37 HST/WFPC2 counterparts of X-ray sources in the 1 Ms Chandra Deep Field-South (CDFS). We investigate: 1) 1-D surface brightness profiles via isophotal ellipse fitting; 2) 2-D, PSF- convolved, bulge+disk+nucleus profile-fitting; 3) asymmetry and concentration indices compared with all ~3000 sources in our three WFPC2 fields; and 4) near- neighbor analyses comparing local environments of X-ray sources versus the field control sample. Significant nuclear point-source optical components appear in roughly half of the resolved HST/WFPC2 counterparts, showing a narrow range of F_X/F_{opt,nuc} consistent with the several HST-unresolved X-ray sources (putative type-1 AGN) in our fields. We infer roughly half of the HST/WFPC2 counterparts host unobscured AGN, which suggests no steep decline in the type-1/type-2 ratio out to the redshifts z~0.5-1 typical of our sources. The concentration indices of the CDFS counterparts are clearly larger on average than those of the field distribution, at 5-sigma, suggesting that the strong correlation between central black hole mass and host galaxy properties (including concentration index) observed in nearby galaxies is already evident by z~0.5-1. By contrast, the asymmetry index distribution of the 21 resolved CDFS sources at I<23 is indistinguishable from the I<23 field. Moreover, the frequency of I<23 near neighbors around the CDFS counterparts is not significantly different from the field sample. These results, combined with previous similar findings for local samples, suggest that recent merger/ interaction history is not a good indicator of AGN activity over a substantial range of look-back time.
description: 30 pages, incl. 8 figures; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Unbiasing the initiator approximation in Full Configuration Interaction Quantum Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Ghanem, Khaldoon
name: Lozovoi, Alexander Y.
name: Alavi, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify and rectify a crucial source of bias in the initiator FCIQMC algorithm. Non-initiator determinants (i.e. determinants whose population is below the initiator threshold) are subject to a systematic {\em undersampling} bias, which in large systems leads to a bias in the energy when an insufficient number of walkers is used. We show that the acceptance probability ($p_{acc}$), that a non-initiator determinant has its spawns accepted, can be used to unbias the initiator bias, in a simple and accurate manner, by reducing the applied shift to the non-initiator proportionately to $p_{acc}$. This modification preserves the property that in the large walker limit, when $p_{acc}\rightarrow1$, the unbiasing procedure disappears, and the initiator approximation becomes exact. We demonstrate that this algorithm shows rapid convergence to the FCI limit with respect to walker number, and furthermore largely removes the dependence of the algorithm on the initiator threshold, enabling highly accurate results to be obtained even with large values of the threshold. This is exemplified in the case of butadiene/ANO-L-pVDZ and benzene/cc-pVDZ, correlating 22 and 30 electrons in 82 and 108 orbitals respectively. In butadiene $5\times 10^7$ and in benzene $10^8$ walkers suffice to obtain an energy to within a milli-Hartree of the CCSDT(Q) result, in Hilbert spaces of $10^{26}$ and $10^{35}$ respectively. Essentially converged results require $\sim 10^8$ walkers for butadiene and $\sim 10^9$ walkers for benzene, and lie slightly lower than CCSDT(Q). Owing to large-scale parallelisability, these calculations can be executed in a matter of hours on a few hundred processors. The present method largely solves the initiator-bias problems that the initiator method suffered from when applied to medium-sized molecules.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
A new look at the infrared properties of z $\sim$ 5 galaxies
Creators: name: Sommovigo, L.
name: Ferrara, A.
name: Carniani, S.
name: Pallottini, A.
name: Dayal, P.
name: Pizzati, E.
name: Ginolfi, M.
name: Markov, V.
name: Faisst, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent ALMA large surveys unveiled the presence of significant dust continuum emission in star-forming galaxies at $z>4$. Unfortunately, such large programs -- i.e. ALPINE ($z\sim 5$) and REBELS ($z \sim 7$) -- only provide us with a single Far-Infrared (FIR) continuum data point for their individual targets. Therefore, high-$z$ galaxies FIR spectral energy densities (SEDs) remain mostly unconstrained, hinging on an assumption for their dust temperature ($T_{\rm d}$) in the SED fitting procedure. This introduces uncertainties in the inferred dust masses ($M_{\rm d }$), infrared luminosities ($L_{\rm IR}$), and obscured Star Formation Rate (SFR) fraction at $z > 4$. In this work we use a method that allows us to constrain $T_{\rm d}$ with a single band measurement by combining the $158\ \mathrm{μm}$ continuum information with the overlying [CII] emission line. We analyse the $21$ [CII] and FIR continuum detected $z\sim 5$ galaxies in ALPINE, finding a range of $T_{\rm d}=25-60\ \mathrm{K}$ and $M_{\rm d} = 0.6-25.1\ \times 10^{7}\ \mathrm{M_{\odot}}$. Given the measured stellar masses of ALPINE galaxies, the inferred dust yields are around $M_{\rm d}/M_{\star} = (0.2-8) \times 10^{-3}$, consistent with theoretical dust-production constraints. We find that $8$ out of $21$ ALPINE galaxies have $L_{\rm IR} \geq 10^{12}\ \mathrm{L_{\odot}}$, comparable to UltraLuminous IR Galaxies (ULIRGs). Relying on ultraviolet-to-optical SED fitting, the SFR was underestimated by up to $2$ orders of magnitude in $4$ of these $8$ ULIRGs-like galaxies. We conclude that these $4$ peculiar sources should be characterised by a two-phase interstellar medium structure with "spatially-segregated" FIR and ultraviolet emitting regions.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 13 pages, 4 figures
A study of the fine-structure constant dependence of radiative capture in Halo-EFT
Creators: name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
name: Metsch, Bernard Ch.
name: Meyer, Helen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the fine-structure constant dependence of the rates of some selected radiative capture reactions within the framework of so-called Halo Effective Field Theory in order to assess the adequacy of some assumptions made on the Coulomb penetrability. We find that this dependence deviates from that implied by a parameterization of the cross sections of this effect via a simple penetration factor. Some features of this fine-structure dependence are discussed, in particular its potential impact on the abundances of the light elements in primordial nucleosynthesis.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures, references updated
Acadia Park 2030 : a vibrant celebration of sustainable community supporting UBC's place and promise
Creators: name: University Of British Columbia. School Of Community And Regional Planning
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Acadia Park is one of UBC’s oldest, most vibrant and diverse neighbourhoods. It is home to students and student families from all over the world and is the epitome of walkability and human scale design. As with every other neighbourhood on the UBC campus, it faces pressures to accommodate a fair share of the university’s commitment to increasing opportunities for students, staff and faculty to live close to work and school. The challenge for the Acadia Park Neighbourhood is to develop a vision of growth that maintains its remarkable and unique community character and spectacular natural setting. Urban design students in the School of Community and Regional Planning, under the direction of professor Maged Senbel, took on this challenge and produced the three designs presented in these pages.
Phase transitions and topology changes in configuration space
Creators: name: Casetti, Lapo
name: Pettini, Marco
name: Cohen, E. G. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between thermodynamic phase transitions in classical systems and topological changes in their configuration space is discussed for two physical models and contains the first exact analytic computation of a topologic invariant (the Euler characteristic) of certain submanifolds in the configuration space of two physical models. The models are the mean-field XY model and the one-dimensional XY model with nearest-neighbor interactions. The former model undergoes a second-order phase transition at a finite critical temperature while the latter has no phase transitions. The computation of this topologic invariant is performed within the framework of Morse theory. In both models topology changes in configuration space are present as the potential energy is varied; however, in the mean-field model there is a particularly "strong" topology change, corresponding to a big jump in the Euler characteristic, connected with the phase transition, which is absent in the one-dimensional model with no phase transition. The comparison between the two models has two major consequences: i) it lends new and strong support to a recently proposed topological approach to the study of phase transitions; ii) it allows us to conjecture which particular topology changes could entail a phase transition in general. We also discuss a simplified illustrative model of the topology changes connected to phase transitions using of two-dimensional surfaces, and a possible direct connection between topological invariants and thermodynamic quantities.
description: 37 pages, REVTeX4, 9 ps/eps figures, to appear in Journal of Statistical Physics (scheduled for June 2003)
Phantoms for performance verification and quality control in developing a photonics-based medical device (VASCOVID): a regulatory driven approach
Creators: name: Konugolu Venkata Sekar, Sanathana
name: Guadagno, Claudia Nunzia
name: Zanoletti, Marta
name: Cortese, Lorenzo
name: Pagliazzi, Marco
name: Lanka, Sri Rama Pranav Kumar
name: Munoz, Rainer Rothe
name: Garrido, Eduardo
name: Carteano, Talyta
name: Lacerenza, Michele
name: Buttafava, Mauro
name: Parsa, Shahrzad
name: M. Weigel, Udo
name: Torricelli, Alessandro
name: Pifferi, Antonio
name: Contini, Davide
name: Durduran, Turgut
name: Andersson-Engels, Stefan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 29903 Medical Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 20504 Photonics, Optoelectronics and Optical Communications

description: We propose a standardized approach for performance assessment and quality-control of the novel VASCOVID system based on optical phantoms. This approach is tailored to meet the requirements of the Medical Device Regulation, and is extendable to other biophotonics devices.
Simple Communication Complexity Separation from Quantum State Antidistinguishability
Creators: name: Havlíček, Vojtěch
name: Barrett, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A set of $n$ pure quantum states is called antidististinguishable if there exists an $n$-outcome measurement that never outputs the outcome `$k$' on the $k$-th quantum state. We describe sets of quantum states for which any subset of three states is antidistinguishable and use this to produce a two-player communication task that can be solved with $\log d$ qubits, but requires one-way communication of at least $\log (4/3) (d-1) - 1 \approx 0.415 (d-1) - 1$ classical bits. The advantages of the approach are that the proof is simple and self-contained -- not needing, for example, to rely on hard-to-establish prior results in combinatorics -- and that with slight modifications, non-trivial bounds can be established in any dimension $\geq 3$. The task can be framed in terms of the separated parties solving a relation, and the separation is also robust to multiplicative error in the output probabilities. We show, however, that for this particular task, the separation disappears if two-way classical communication is allowed. Finally, we state a conjecture regarding antidistinguishability of sets of states, and provide some supporting numerical evidence. If the conjecture holds, then there is a two-player communication task that can be solved with $\log d$ qubits, but requires one-way communication of $Ω(d \log d)$ classical bits.
LHCb gets closer to discovering the second doubly charmed baryon
Creators: name: Karliner, Marek
name: Rosner, Jonathan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We comment on the results of the recent search by the LHCb collaboration for the doubly charmed baryon $Ξ_{cc}^+$.
Artifact for "Automating Cookie Consent and GDPR Violation Detection" (Final)
Creators: name: Bollinger, Dino
name: Kubicek, Karel
name: Cotrini, Carlos
name: Basin, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Privacy
Browser Cookies
Cookies
GDPR
Machine Learning

description: This package was created for the 31st USENIX Security Symposium Artifact submission. It is the final version of the artifact, uploaded under a new DOI, and contains four files: README_Native.md: A step-by-step guide on how to reproduce and replicate the results of the paper "Automating Cookie Consent and GDPR Violation Detection" by installing the components on a native Linux machine. Contains links to the repositories holding the source code. README_VM.md: A step-by-step guide on how to reproduce and replicate the results of the paper "Automating Cookie Consent and GDPR Violation Detection", by using the included virtual machine image. Contains links to the repositories holding the source code. USENIX Security '22 - Automating Cookie Consent.ova : A virtual machine image providing all components used in the paper as a single package, and which has all dependencies installed. Allows the user to reproduce the results with no setup required. datasets.zip: Dataset package, contains the databases, tables, log files and other reports detailing the results of the classifier. The README and datasets are included inside the virtual machine image as well.
Low-loss Zero-Index Materials
Creators: name: Tang, Haoning
name: DeVault, Clayton
name: Camayd-Munoz, Phil
name: Liu, Yueyang
name: Jia, Danchen
name: Du, Fan
name: Mello, Olivia
name: Vulis, Daryl I.
name: Li, Yang
name: Mazur, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Materials with a zero refractive index support electromagnetic modes that exhibit stationary phase profiles. While such materials have been realized across the visible and near-infrared spectral range, radiative and dissipative optical losses have hindered their development. We reduce losses in zero-index, on-chip photonic crystals by introducing high-Q resonances via resonance-trapped and symmetry-protected states. Using these approaches, we experimentally obtain quality factors of 2.6*10^3 and 7.8*10^3 at near-infrared wavelengths, corresponding to an order-of-magnitude reduction in propagation loss over previous designs. Our work presents a viable approach to fabricate zero-index on-chip nanophotonic devices with low-loss.
description: 35 pages, 16 figures
Parameter study for hot spot trajectories around Sgr$A*$
Creators: name: Antonopoulou, Eleni
name: Nathanail, Antonios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intense flaring events in the near-infrared and X-ray wavebands of our Galactic Center have been the subject of research for decades. In recent years, the GRAVITY instrument of the Very Large Telescope captured the motion and polarimetric signature of such a flare in close proximity to the supermassive black hole. This study aims to investigate a broad parameter space for hot spot motion in the vicinity of Sgr$A*$ and reproduce the observed flaring behavior. To this end, we have developed a General Relativistic Radiative Transfer code and conducted a parameter study including both planar and ejected hot spot configurations around supermassive black holes. Super-Keplerian orbital frequencies are favored by circular equatorial, cylindrical and parabolic models, whereas conical hot spot trajectories provide a better fit for orbital frequencies below the Keplerian value. Additionally, a distant observer cannot effectively differentiate between Schwarzschild and Kerr black holes, as well as face-on orbits at different observation angles.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
Highlights of soil and water conservation investments in four regions of Ethiopia
Creators: name: Adimassu, Zenebe
name: Langan, Simon
name: Barron, Jennie
name: Adimassu, Zenebe
name: Langan, Simon
name: Barron, Jennie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Farm Management
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Public Economics
subject: Soil conservation
subject: Water conservation
subject: Waterways
subject: Financing
subject: Investment
subject: Land degradation
subject: Land productivity
subject: Land management
subject: Landscape
subject: Farmland
subject: Farm management
subject: Hillside operations
subject: Sloping land
subject: Gully erosion
subject: Runoff
subject: Rural areas
subject: Rural communities
subject: Living standards
subject: Farmers
subject: Terraces
subject: Watershed management
subject: Dam construction
subject: Environmental monitoring
subject: Sediment
subject: Capacity building
subject: Nongovernmental organizations

description: This paper provides details of soil and water conservation (SWC) investments in Ethiopia over the past 20 years. It presents SWC practices and estimates the level of SWC investments in different regions. The paper focuses on four principal agricultural regions: Amhara, Oromia, SNNPR and Tigray. Primary and secondary data were collected for the analysis, and consultations were conducted at regional levels. Primary data on diverse SWC practices, their numbers and areal extent were obtained from the archives of regional Bureaus of Agriculture (BoAs). The results of this study show that several projects involving significant financial investment have been implemented to reverse land degradation and improve land productivity in Ethiopia since the 1970s. The list of projects is not comprehensive due to a lack of documentation at all levels, but it does provide some insights into the scale of SWC investments and implementation. The projects analyzed in the four regions fall into the following categories: farmland management, hillside management and gully rehabilitation practices, including check dams and cut-off drains. The analysis shows that these practices involved both paid and unpaid labor, together representing an estimated investment of more than ETB 25 billion (or approximately USD 1.2 billion) per year over the past 10 years. It is clear that large investments have been made in SWC activities in Ethiopia. However, the outcomes in terms of impact on yield and livelihood benefits are yet to be fully understood. A comprehensive assessment is needed to measure the impact of SWC activities on farmers’ livelihoods and the environment. A key recommendation arising from the analysis is that more data and information are needed on the successes and failures of SWC practices, which will assist stakeholders to better guide and target future projects and investments. An additional recommendation is to consider the biophysical and financial impact of soil erosion, both on and off farm.
description: IWMI Working Paper 182
Raising the Dead: Clues to Type Ia Supernova Physics from the Remnant 0509-67.5
Creators: name: Warren, Jessica S.
name: Hughes, John P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Chandra X-ray observations of the young supernova remnant (SNR) 0509-67.5 in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), believed to be the product of a Type Ia supernova (SN Ia). The remnant is very round in shape, with a distinct clumpy shell-like structure. Our Chandra data reveal the remnant to be rich in silicon, sulfur, and iron. The yields of our fits to the global spectrum confirm that 0509-67.5 is the remnant of an SN Ia and show a clear preference for delayed detonation explosion models for SNe Ia. We study the spectrum of the single brightest isolated knot in the remnant and find that it is enhanced in iron by a factor of roughly two relative to the global remnant abundances. This feature, along with similar knots seen in Tycho's SNR, argues for the presence of modest small-scale composition inhomogeneities in SNe Ia. The presence of both Si and Fe, with abundance ratios that vary from knot to knot, indicates that these came from the transition region between the Si- and Fe-rich zones in the exploded star, possibly as a result of energy input to the ejecta at late times due to the radioactive decay of 56Ni and 56Co. Two cases for the continuum emission from the global spectrum were modeled: one where the continuum is dominated by hydrogen thermal bremsstrahlung radiation; another where the continuum arises from non-thermal synchrotron radiation. The former case requires a relatively large value for the ambient density (~1 cm^-3). Another estimate of the ambient density comes from using the shell structure of the remnant in the context of dynamical models. This requires a much lower value for the density (<0.05 cm^-3) which is more consistent with other evidence known about 0509-67.5. We therefore conclude that the bulk of the continuum emission from 0509-67.5 has a non-thermal origin.
description: 34 pages, 9 figures (1 color), accepted to ApJ (10 June 2004 issue); correction made to calculation of magnetic field, small sentence changes
Investigation of the modalities for an innovative financing mechanism for participatory natural resource management in the Bale Eco-region, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Hagos, Fitsum
name: Van Rooijen, Daniel
name: Haileslassie, Amare
name: Yehualashet, H.
name: Indries, H.
name: Hagos, Fitsum
name: Van Rooijen, Daniel
name: Haileslassie, Amare
name: Yehualashet, H.
name: Indries, H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Natural resources management
subject: Environmental policy
subject: Participatory approaches
subject: Financing
subject: Payment for ecosystem services
subject: Legal aspects
subject: Stakeholders
subject: Hydropower
subject: Water supply
subject: Water institutions
subject: Forest management
subject: Deforestation
subject: Carbon stock assessments
subject: Watershed management
subject: Community involvement
subject: Urban areas
subject: Soil erosion
subject: Farmers’ income
subject: Nongovernmental organizations
subject: Dam construction
subject: Market economies
subject: Land degradation
subject: Reservoirs
subject: Land use

description: This study reviewed the status of natural resources and the driving forces for change, as well as past and ongoing approaches in natural resource management at the watershed scale in Ethiopia. First, we reviewed established environmental policy tools and the legal and policy framework, and determined whether innovative financing mechanisms are working in other areas with a similar context. We undertook stakeholder analyses and mapping to identify key stakeholders, and to assess their possible roles in the implementation of a sustainable financing mechanism for watershed rehabilitation. We also determined whether opportunities exist for financing mechanisms involving hydropower and urban water supply in payments for ecosystem services (PES), and the global community in the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) in the context of the Bale Eco-region. The study identified major constraints to designing an appropriate financing mechanism. Finally, the study drew important conclusions and key policy implications that are relevant for Ethiopia and perhaps other areas in a similar context.
Spatio-temporal Dynamics in the Origin of Genetic Information
Creators: name: Kim, Pan-Jun
name: Jeong, Hawoong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study evolutionary processes induced by spatio-temporal dynamics in prebiotic evolution. Using numerical simulations we demonstrate that hypercycles emerge from complex interaction structures in multispecies systems. In this work we also find that `hypercycle hybrid' protects the hypercycle from its environment during the growth process. There is little selective advantage for one hypercycle to maintain coexistence with others. This brings the possibility of the outcompetition between hypercycles resulting in the negative effect on information diversity. To enrich the information in hypercycles, symbiosis with parasites is suggested. It is shown that symbiosis with parasites can play an important role in the prebiotic immunology.
Efficient acousto-optical light modulation at the mid-infrared spectral range by planar semiconductor structures supporting guided modes
Creators: name: Sopko, Ivan M.
name: Ignatyeva, Daria O.
name: Knyazev, Grigory A.
name: Belotelov, Vladimir I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Acousto-optical devices, such as modulators, filters or deflectors, implement a simple and effective way of light modulation and signal processing techniques. However, their operation wavelengths are restricted to visible and near-infrared frequency region due to a quadratic decrease of the efficiency of acousto-optical interaction with the wavelength increase. At the same time, almost all materials with high value of acousto-optic figure of merit are non-transparent at wavelengths larger than 5 μm, while the transparent materials possess significantly lower acousto-optic figure of merit. Here we propose and demonstrate by calculations how these limitations could be overcome using specially designed planar semiconductor structures supporting electromagnetic modes strongly coupled to the incident light in the Otto configuration. Such approach could be used for a novel efficient acousto-optical device operating in middle infrared range of 8-14 μm. Acoustic wave excited by a piezoelectric transducer in a semi-conductor prism is utilized to modulate the coupling coefficient of the incident light to the semiconductor structure which results in up to 100% modulation of the transmitted light at the spatial scale less than the ultrasound wavelength. It allows to utilize acoustic waves with short decay distance and therefore, it provides a unique possibility to achieve an efficient acousto-optical modulation at frequencies over several gigahertz, which are unreachable for traditional acousto-optics.
In-medium effects on the $K^-/K^+$ ratio at GSI
Creators: name: Tolos, L.
name: Polls, A.
name: Ramos, A.
name: Schaffner-Bielich, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The in-medium modifications on the $K^-/K^+$ ratio produced at GSI are studied. Particular attention is paid to the properties of antikaons, which determine the chemical potential and temperature at freeze-out conditions. Different approaches have been considered: non-interacting $K^-$, on-shell self-energy and single-particle spectral density. We observe that the full off-shell approach reproduces the "broad-band equilibration" advocated by Brown being the spectral density crucial to explain an enhanced $K^-/K^+$ ratio.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Contributed parallel talk to the International Conference on Hypernuclear and Strange Particle Physics (HYP2003), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia (USA), Oct 14-18, 2003
Development of Soft Skills via IYPT
Creators: name: Aneva, Boyka
name: Faletič, Sergej
name: Hömöstrei, Mihály
name: Jenei, Péter
name: Kundracik, František
name: Kyuldjiev, Assen
name: Lindner, Thomas
name: Němec, Hynek
name: Puhr, Harald
name: Plesch, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated how students perceive the role of IYPT (www.iypt.org) participation in their development of soft skills. We also investigated how students teachers assess the contribution of YPT participation to students soft skills development. Third, we link self-reported soft-skill development to performance in research tasks, as assessed by international panels of experts in the context of a physics competition. Taken together, the three steps, by triangulating the relationship between inquiry-based learning and soft-skill development, allow building inference about how inquiry-based learning helps students build soft skills, and how these soft skills influence student performance in research tasks. The data for the three stages includes 308 student responses for stage one, 33 teacher responses for stage two, and 794 expert (teachers, researchers, and university professors) assessments of student performance for stage three. Condensing the detailed findings from our analysis, we suggest thirteen guidelines for developing soft skills in students below.
description: 95 pages, affiliations corrected