cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Associations of Herbal and Specialty Supplements with Lung and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the VITamins And Lifestyle Study
Creators: name: Littman, Alyson
name: Galanko, Joseph A.
name: White, Emily
name: Satia, Jessie A.
name: Slatore, Christopher G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Millions of Americans use dietary supplements with little knowledge about their benefits or risks. We examined associations of various herbal/specialty supplements with lung and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Men and women, 50-76y, in the VITAL (VITamins And Lifestyle) cohort completed a 24-page baseline questionnaire that captured duration (years) and frequency (days/week) of use of commonly used herbal/specialty supplements. Dose was not assessed due to lack of accurate potency information. Supplement exposure was categorized as “no use” or “any use” over the previous 10 years. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated by multivariate Cox regression models. Incident lung (n=665) and CRC cancers (n=428) were obtained from the SEER cancer registry. Any use of glucosamine and chondroitin, which have anti-inflammatory properties, over the previous 10 years, was associated with significantly lower lung cancer risk: HR: 0.74 (95% CI: 0.58, 0.94) and HR: 0.72 (95% CI: 0.54, 0.96) and CRC risk: HR: 0.73 (95% CI: 0.54, 0.98) and HR: 0.65 (95% CI: 0.45, 0.93), respectively. There were also statistically significantly inverse associations of fish oil: HR: 0.65 (95% CI: 0.42, 0.99), methylsulfonylmethane (MSM): HR: 0.46 (95% CI: 0.23, 0.93), and St. John's wort: HR: 0.35 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.85) with CRC risk. In contrast, garlic pills were associated with a statistically significant 35% elevated CRC risk. These results suggest that some herbal/specialty supplements may be associated with lung and CRC risk; however, these products should be used with caution. Additional studies examining the effects of herbal/specialty supplements on risk for cancer/other diseases are needed.
Electronic Supplementary Material Tables from Causes and consequences of adult sex ratio imbalance in a historical US population
Creators: name: Schacht, Ryan
name: Smith, Ken R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: The responsiveness of individuals to partner availability has been well documented across the literature. However, there is disagreement regarding the direction of the consequences of sex ratio imbalance. Specifically, does an excess of males or females promote male–male mating competition? In an attempt to clarify the role of the adult sex ratio (ASR) on behaviour, here we evaluate both competing and complimentary expectations derived from theory across the social and biological sciences. We use data drawn from a historical, nineteenth-century population in North America and target several outcomes thought to be affected by partner availability: age at first birth, longevity, marital status and completed fertility. Furthermore, we assess the role of various contributors to a population's ASR. We find that both the contributors to and consequences of sex ratio imbalance vary over time. Our results largely support predictions of greater male pairbond commitment and lesser male mating effort in response to partner scarcity. After reviewing our findings, and others from across the literature, we highlight the need to adjust predictions in response to ASR imbalance by the: (i) culturally mediated mating arena, (ii) variable role of demographic inputs across time and place, (iii) constraints to behavioural outcomes across species and (iv) ability and accuracy of individuals to assess partner availability.This article is part of the themed issue ‘Adult sex ratios and reproductive decisions: a critical re-examination of sex differences in human and animal societies’.
On the contribution of plasminos to the shear viscosity of a hot and dense Yukawa-Fermi gas
Creators: name: Sadooghi, N.
name: Taghinavaz, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the standard Green-Kubo formalism, we determine the shear viscosity $η$ of a hot and dense Yukawa-Fermi gas. In particular, we study the effect of particle and plasmino excitations on thermal properties of the fermionic part of the shear viscosity, and explore the effects of thermal corrections to particle masses on bosonic and fermionic shear viscosities, $η_b$ and $η_f$. It turns out that the effects of plasminos on $η_f$ become negligible with increasing (decreasing) temperature (chemical potential).
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, Poster presented by F. Taghinavaz at "XIth Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum", Saint-Petersburg, Russia, 8-12 September 2014
Cyclooxygenase-2 Polymorphisms, Aspirin Treatment, and Risk for Colorectal Adenoma Recurrence--Data from a Randomized Clinical Trial
Creators: name: Barry, Elizabeth L.
name: Sandler, Robert S.
name: Saibil, Fred
name: Bresalier, Robert S.
name: Ahnen, Dennis J.
name: Gui, Jiang
name: Ali, Iqbal U.
name: Tsang, Shirley
name: Grau, Maria V.
name: Burke, Carol
name: Sansbury, Leah B.
name: Baron, John A.
name: McKeown-Eyssen, Gail E.
name: Munroe, David J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the production of prostaglandins, potent mediators of inflammation. Chronic inflammation plays an important role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer. Aspirin inhibits COX-2 activity and lowers the risk of colorectal adenomas and cancer. We investigated whether common genetic variation in COX-2 influenced risk of colorectal adenoma recurrence among 979 participants in the Aspirin/Folate Polyp Prevention Study who were randomly assigned to placebo or aspirin and followed for 3 years for the occurrence of new adenomas. Of these participants, 44.2% developed at least one new adenoma during follow-up. Adjusted relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to test the association between genetic variation at six COX-2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and adenoma occurrence and interaction with aspirin treatment. Two SNPs were significantly associated with increased adenoma recurrence: for rs5277 homozygous carriers of the minor C allele had a 51% increased risk compared to GG homozygotes (RR=1.51, 95% CI=1.01–2.25), and for rs4648310 heterozygous carriers of the minor G allele had a 37% increased risk compared to AA homozygotes (RR=1.37, 95% CI=1.05–1.79). (There were no minor allele homozygotes.) In stratified analyses, there was suggestive evidence that rs4648319 modified the effect of aspirin. These results support the hypothesis that that COX-2 plays a role in the etiology of colon cancer and may be a target for aspirin chemoprevention and warrant further investigation in other colorectal adenoma and cancer populations.
Artificial Intelligence for Automated Design of Elevator Systems
Creators: name: MENAPACE, MARCO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Genova
Year: 2021

description: Configuration and design of complex products represents a challenge in many application fields. The designer must take into account many different aspects and make decisions typically driven by experience while taking into account performance constraints and costs. Methods and tools for design automation represents a viable solution to such complex decision problems, giving also the possibility to optimize the performance of the final product on particular context-driven aspects. Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms can help in dealing with complexity and enhance the current tools by supplying solutions in feasible time. My research is concerned with the development and testing of different artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to automate the design of elevators. Elevator design is a problem with many interesting aspects like the need to deal with a hybrid search state space (continuous and discrete variables) constrained by design requirements and safety regulations. The study, design and integration of AI techniques in this particular application field can provide the end user with design automation tools that output feasible solutions within acceptable computation times. My research considered AI techniques such as special-purpose heuristic search, genetic algorithms and constraint satisfaction to solve elevator configuration problems. I tested them considering different setups and parts of the whole design process. I have also implemented a tool L IFT C REATE , available as a web application. L IFT C REATE leverages the findings of my research to automate the design of elevators and, to the best of my knowledge, there is currently no similar tool publicly available from either academia or industry that provides the same level of design automation.
Supplementary Material from Adult sex ratio and social status predict mating and parenting strategies in Northern Ireland.
Creators: name: Uggla, Caroline
name: Mace, Ruth
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Migration information; Figure S1; Tables S1-S6
title: Stentboost live: advanced technology but how the radiation exposure could be kept low?
Creators: name: Kolyda, Angeliki
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Angioplasty
subject: Stents
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Image registration
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: X-rays use inFluoroscopy, which is integral part of diagnostic and therapeutic cardiac procedures. The use of x-rays requires the potential risks from a process to balance the approach's benefits to the patient. Everyone should take into account,...
title: Placenta Accreta Spectrum: signs and pitfalls on ultrasonography and MRI
Creators: name: Ferrando Blanco, David
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Obstetrics (Pregnancy / birth / postnatal period)
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Obstetrics

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The learning objectives of this educational exhibit are: To describe and illustrate the normal appearance of a gravid uterus and placenta. To describe and illustrate the appearance and signs on ultrasonography and MRI of placenta accreta spectrum...
Dietary Patterns, Food Groups, and Rectal Cancer Risk in Whites and African-Americans
Creators: name: Stevens, June
name: Keku, Temitope O.
name: Galanko, Joseph
name: Satia, Jessie A.
name: Sandler, Robert S.
name: Adair, Linda S.
name: Williams, Christina Dawn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Associations between individual foods and nutrients and colorectal cancer have been inconsistent, and few studies have examined associations between food, nutrients, dietary patterns, and rectal cancer. We examined the relationship between food groups and dietary patterns and risk of rectal cancer in non-Hispanic Whites and African Americans.
Acknowledging the gap: a systematic review of micronutrient supplementation in infants under 6 months of age_Extended Data File_Updated.docx
Creators: name: Stelle, Isabella
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Nutritional science

description: This extended datafile entails the PRIMSA checklist, serach terms, registered and on-going trials, risk of bias analysis and table of the results by outcome
IGF-I and IGFBP-3 Polymorphisms in Relation to Circulating Levels among African American and Caucasian Women
Creators: name: Travlos, Gregory S.
name: North, Kari E.
name: West, Suzanne L.
name: D'Aloisio, Aimee A.
name: Poole, Charles
name: Schroeder, Jane C.
name: Baird, Donna D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Circulating insulin-like growth factor-one (IGF-I) and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels have been associated with common diseases. Although family-based studies suggest that genetic variation contributes to circulating IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels, analyses of associations with multiple IGF-I and IGFBP-3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been limited, especially among African Americans. We evaluated 30 IGF-I and 15 IGFBP-3 SNPs and estimated diplotypes in association with plasma IGF-I and IGFBP-3 among 984 premenopausal African American and Caucasian women. In both races, IGFBP-3 rs2854746 (Ala32Gly) was positively associated with plasma IGFBP-3 (CC versus GG mean difference among Caucasians = 631 ng/ml, 95% confidence interval: 398, 864; African Americans = 897 ng/ml, 95% confidence interval: 656, 1138), and IGFBP-3 diplotypes with the rs2854746 GG genotype had lower mean IGFBP-3 levels than referent diplotypes with the CG genotype, while IGFBP-3 diplotypes with the CC genotype had higher mean IGFBP-3 levels. IGFBP-3 rs2854744 (−202 A/C) was in strong linkage disequilibrium with rs2854746 in Caucasians only, but was associated with plasma IGFBP-3 in both races. Eight additional IGFBP-3 SNPs were associated with 5% or greater differences in mean IGFBP-3 levels, with generally consistent associations between races. Twelve IGF-I SNPs were associated with 10% or greater differences in mean IGF-I levels, but associations were generally discordant between races. Diplotype associations with plasma IGF-I did not parallel IGF-I SNP associations. Our study supports that common IGFBP-3 SNPs, especially rs2854746, influence plasma IGFBP-3 levels among African Americans and Caucasians, but provides less evidence that IGF-I SNPs affect plasma IGF-I levels.
Supplementary Material from Adult sex ratio and social status predict mating and parenting strategies in Northern Ireland
Creators: name: Uggla, Caroline
name: Mace, Ruth
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Migration information; Figure S1; Tables S1-S6
title: Urinary diversion surgical techniques and their main complications
Creators: name: Galante Mulki, Maria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: CT
subject: Surgery
subject: Cancer
subject: Outcomes

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: -Review the different surgical techniques of urinary diversion, so that the radiologist can obtain a general knowledge that helps him interpretate postsurgical studies. -Describe the main early and late complications of each urinary diversion...
Interaction between Tobacco and Alcohol Use and the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: Pooled Analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium
Creators: name: Fernandez, Leticia
name: Brennan, Paul
name: Koifman, Sergio
name: McClean, Michael D.
name: Boffetta, Paolo
name: Lence, Juan J.
name: Levi, Fabio
name: Chen, Chu
name: Curado, Maria Paula
name: Daudt, Alexander W.
name: Menezes, Ana
name: Fabianova, Eleonora
name: Vecchia, Carlo La
name: Wünsch-Filho, Victor
name: Zhang, Zuo Feng
name: Wei, Qingyi
name: Pilarska, Agnieszka
name: Eluf-Neto, Jose
name: Chuang, Shu Chun
name: Hayes, Richard B.
name: Ferro, Gilles
name: Olshan, Andrew F.
name: Muscat, Joshua
name: Boccia, Stefania
name: Franceschi, Silvia
name: Herrero, Rolando
name: Rudnai, Peter
name: Winn, Deborah M.
name: Szeszenia-Dabrowska, Neonilia
name: Schwartz, Stephen M.
name: Mates, Dana
name: Matos, Elena
name: Kelsey, Karl
name: Purdue, Mark
name: Lazarus, Philip
name: Castellsague, Xavier
name: Shangina, Oxana
name: Smith, Elaine
name: Sturgis, Erich M.
name: Maso, Luigino Dal
name: Talamini, Renato
name: Berthiller, Julien
name: Hashibe, Mia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The magnitude of risk conferred by the interaction between tobacco and alcohol use on the risk of head and neck cancers is not clear, since studies have used various methods to quantify the excess head and neck cancer burden.
(401854) Jessie Ogilive
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Inflammatory lesions of the brainstem: MRI patterns to success in diagnosis.
Creators: name: García De Andoin Sojo, Carlota
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Acute
subject: Infection
subject: Inflammation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe clinical features and neuroimaging findings in the main spectrum of inflammatory and immune-mediated disorders that affect the...
Reproductive and Hormonal Risk Factors for Ductal Carcinoma In situ of the Breast
Creators: name: Phillips, Lynette S.
name: Schroeder, Jane C.
name: Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill S.
name: Levine, Beverly J.
name: Millikan, Robert C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: One-fifth of all newly diagnosed breast cancer cases are ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), but little is known about DCIS risk factors. Recent studies suggest that some subtypes of DCIS (high grade, or comedo) share histopathologic and epidemiologic characteristics with invasive disease, while others (medium or low grade, or non-comedo) show different patterns. To investigate whether reproductive and hormonal risk factors differ among comedo and non-comedo types of DCIS and invasive breast cancer, we used a population-based case-control study of 1808 invasive and 446 DCIS breast cancer cases and their age and race frequency-matched controls (1564 invasive and 458 DCIS). Three or more full-term pregnancies showed a strong inverse association with comedo-type DCIS (odds ratio (OR) = 0.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.30, 0.95) and a weaker inverse association for non-comedo DCIS (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.42, 1.27). Several risk factors (age at first full-term pregnancy, breastfeeding, and age at menopause) demonstrated similar associations for comedo-type DCIS and invasive breast cancer, but different associations for non-comedo DCIS. Ten or more years of oral contraceptive showed a positive association with comedo-type DCIS (OR = 1.31, 05% CI 0.70, 2.47) and invasive breast cancer (OR = 2.33, 95% CI 1.06, 5.09), but an inverse association for noncomedo DCIS (OR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.25-1.04). Our results support the theory that comedo-type DCIS may share hormonal and reproductive risk factors with invasive breast cancer, while the etiology of non-comedo DCIS deserves further investigation.
Adult Sex Ratios & Partner Scarcity among Hunter-Gatherers: Implications for Dispersal Patterns and the Evolution of Human Sociality.
Creators: name: Kramer, Karen L.
name: Schacht, Ryan
name: Bell, Adrian
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Small populations are susceptible to high genetic loads and random fluctuations in birth and death rates. While these selective forces can adversely affect their viability, small populations persist across taxa. Here, we investigate the resilience of small groups to demographic uncertainty, and specifically to fluctuations in adult sex ratio (ASR), partner availability and dispersal patterns. Using 25 years of demographic data for two Savannah Pumé groups of South American hunter–gatherers, we show that in small human populations: (i) ASRs fluctuate substantially from year to year, but do not consistently trend in a sex-biased direction; (ii) the primary driver of local variation in partner availability is stochasticity in the sex ratio at maturity; and (iii) dispersal outside of the group is an important behavioural means to mediate locally constrained mating options. To then simulate conditions under which dispersal outside of the local group may have evolved, we develop two mathematical models. Model results predict that if the ASR is biased, the globally rarer sex should disperse. The model's utility is then evaluated by applying our empirical data to this central prediction. The results are consistent with the observed hunter–gatherer pattern of variation in the sex that disperses. Together, these findings offer an alternative explanation to resource provisioning for the evolution of traits central to human sociality (e.g. flexible dispersal, bilocal post-marital residence and cooperation across local groups). We argue that in small populations, looking outside of one's local group is necessary to find a mate and that, motivated by ASR imbalance, the alliances formed to facilitate the movement of partners are an important foundation for the human-typical pattern of network formation across local groups.This article is part of the themed issue ‘Adult sex ratios and reproductive decisions: a critical re-examination of sex differences in human and animal societies’.
The Association between Diabetes, Insulin Use, and Colorectal Cancer among Whites and African Americans
Creators: name: Galanko, Joseph A.
name: Long, Millie D.
name: Sandler, Robert S.
name: Vinikoor, Lisa C.
name: Martin, Christopher F.
name: Keku, Temitope O.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Colorectal cancer and diabetes are common diseases that share many risk factors. It has been hypothesized that diabetes is a risk factor for colorectal cancer. We used two large population-based case-control studies from North Carolina to determine whether diabetes and/or insulin therapy were associated with colon cancer and/or rectal cancer (defined as cancer of the sigmoid colon, rectosigmoid, or rectum) and whether this association differed by race. Cases and matched controls from the North Carolina Colon Cancer Studies I and II were interviewed about demographics, dietary factors, diagnosis of diabetes, and use of medications to treat diabetes. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using unconditional logistic regression. Colon and rectal cancer cases reported a higher prevalence of diabetes than their respective control groups. Compared to Whites without diabetes, Whites with diabetes had an adjusted odds ratio of 1.40 (95%CI 0.93, 2.12) for colon cancer and 1.38 (95%CI 1.00, 1.90) for rectal cancer. Diabetes was not associated with colon or rectal cancer among African Americans [OR 1.17 (95%CI 0.81, 1.70) and OR 0.75 (95%CI 0.44, 1.28), respectively]. Among Whites with diabetes, insulin use was positively associated with rectal cancer. The same association was not seen for African American diabetics using insulin however the number of African Americans using insulin was small. In sum, diabetes was positively associated with rectal cancer and approached a positive association with colon cancer among Whites. No association was present among African Americans. Insulin use was also positively associated with rectal cancer among Whites.
Adult Sex Ratios & Partner Scarcity among Hunter-Gatherers: Implications for Dispersal Patterns and the Evolution of Human Sociality
Creators: name: Kramer, Karen L.
name: Schacht, Ryan
name: Bell, Adrian
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Small populations are susceptible to high genetic loads and random fluctuations in birth and death rates. While these selective forces can adversely affect their viability, small populations persist across taxa. Here, we investigate the resilience of small groups to demographic uncertainty, and specifically to fluctuations in adult sex ratio (ASR), partner availability and dispersal patterns. Using 25 years of demographic data for two Savannah Pumé groups of South American hunter–gatherers, we show that in small human populations: (i) ASRs fluctuate substantially from year to year, but do not consistently trend in a sex-biased direction; (ii) the primary driver of local variation in partner availability is stochasticity in the sex ratio at maturation and (iii) dispersal outside of the group is an important behavioural means to mediate locally constrained mating options. To then simulate conditions under which dispersal outside of the local group may have evolved, we develop two mathematical models. Model results predict that if the ASR is biased, the globally rarer sex should disperse. The model's utility is then evaluated by applying our empirical data to this central prediction. The results are consistent with the observed hunter–gatherer pattern of variable, non-sex-specific dispersal. Together, these findings offer an alternative explanation to resource provisioning for the evolution of traits central to human sociality (e.g. flexible dispersal, bilocal post-marital residence and cooperation across local groups). We argue that in small populations, looking outside of one's local group is necessary to find a mate and that, motivated by ASR imbalance, the alliances formed to facilitate the movement of partners are an important foundation for the human-typical pattern of network formation across local groups.This article is part of the themed issue ‘Adult sex ratios and reproductive decisions: a critical re-examination of sex differences in human and animal societies’.
Associations of Cumulative Sun Exposure and Phenotypic Characteristics with Histologic Solar Elastosis
Creators: name: Tucker, Paul
name: Marrett, Loraine D.
name: Berwick, Marianne
name: Mohrenweiser, Harvey
name: Gildea, Maureen
name: Litchfield, Melisa
name: Rebbeck, Timothy R.
name: Hummer, Amanda J.
name: Kricker, Anne
name: Kanetsky, Peter
name: Bonner, Joe
name: Gruber, Stephen B.
name: Anton-Culver, Hoda
name: Madronich, Sasha
name: Goumas, Chris
name: Orlow, Irene
name: Purdue, Mark
name: Begg, Colin B.
name: Thomas, Nancy E.
name: Setlow, Richard
name: Sacerdote, Carlotta
name: Stephens, Nicola
name: Cotignola, Javier
name: Taylor, Julia Lee
name: Lee-Taylor, Julia
name: Kanetsky, Peter A.
name: Switzer, Teresa
name: Monroe, Yvette
name: Chowdhury, Noori
name: Theis, Elizabeth
name: Panossian, Saarene
name: Weiss, Helen
name: Player, Jon
name: Wilcox, Homer
name: Vanasse, Louise
name: Busam, Klaus
name: Dwyer, Terence
name: From, Lynn
name: Ritchey, Mary E.
name: Canchola, Rebecca
name: Tse, Chiu Kit
name: Roy, Pampa
name: Paine, Susan
name: Jeter, Joanne
name: Leighton, Nancy
name: Rosso, Stefano
name: Armstrong, Bruce K.
name: Clas, Brian
name: Mujumdar, Urvi
name: Zanetti, Roberto
name: Millikan, Robert C.
name: Northrup, David
name: Mattingly, Dianne
name: Klotz, Judith
name: Walker, Amy
name: Gallagher, Richard P.
name: Mitra, Nandita
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Solar elastosis adjacent to melanomas in histologic sections is regarded as an indicator of sun exposure although the associations of ultraviolet (UV) exposure and phenotype with solar elastosis are yet to be fully explored.
GEN1 promotes common fragile site expression.
Creators: name: Benitez, Anaid
name: Sebald, Marie
name: Radhakrishnan, Kanagaraj
name: Rodrigo-Brenni, Monica C
name: Chan, Ying Wai
name: Liang, Chih-Chao
name: West, Stephen C
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biochemistry & Proteomics
Genetics & Genomics
Genome Integrity & Repair
Structural Biology & Biophysics
Cell Biology
Cell Cycle & Chromosomes

description: Our genomes harbor conserved DNA sequences, known as common fragile sites (CFSs), that are difficult to replicate and correspond to regions of genome instability. Following replication stress, CFS loci give rise to breaks or gaps (termed CFS expression) where under-replicated DNA subsequently undergoes mitotic DNA synthesis (MiDAS). We show that loss of the structure-selective endonuclease GEN1 reduces CFS expression, leading to defects in MiDAS, ultrafine anaphase bridge formation, and DNA damage in the ensuing cell cycle due to aberrant chromosome segregation. GEN1 knockout cells also exhibit an elevated frequency of bichromatid constrictions consistent with the presence of unresolved regions of under-replicated DNA. Previously, the role of GEN1 was thought to be restricted to the nucleolytic resolution of recombination intermediates. However, its ability to cleave under-replicated DNA at CFS loci indicates that GEN1 plays a dual role resolving both DNA replication and recombination intermediates before chromosome segregation.
title: Imaging in Orbital emergencies - Oh my Sight! Sight!! Sight!!!
Creators: name: Ilangovan, Gurubharath
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Emergency
subject: Eyes
subject: Trauma
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Acute
subject: Foreign bodies
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Recognize the role of imaging modalities in orbital emergencies and select appropriate imaging protocols. Apply a systematic approach to the radiological characterization of orbital...
Constrained adaptive sensing
Creators: name: Davenport, Mark A.
name: Massimino, Andrew K.
name: Needell, Deanna
name: Woolf, Tina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Suppose that we wish to estimate a vector $\mathbf{x} \in \mathbb{C}^n$ from a small number of noisy linear measurements of the form $\mathbf{y} = \mathbf{A x} + \mathbf{z}$, where $\mathbf{z}$ represents measurement noise. When the vector $\mathbf{x}$ is sparse, meaning that it has only $s$ nonzeros with $s \ll n$, one can obtain a significantly more accurate estimate of $\mathbf{x}$ by adaptively selecting the rows of $\mathbf{A}$ based on the previous measurements provided that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is sufficiently large. In this paper we consider the case where we wish to realize the potential of adaptivity but where the rows of $\mathbf{A}$ are subject to physical constraints. In particular, we examine the case where the rows of $\mathbf{A}$ are constrained to belong to a finite set of allowable measurement vectors. We demonstrate both the limitations and advantages of adaptive sensing in this constrained setting. We prove that for certain measurement ensembles, the benefits offered by adaptive designs fall far short of the improvements that are possible in the unconstrained adaptive setting. On the other hand, we also provide both theoretical and empirical evidence that in some scenarios adaptivity does still result in substantial improvements even in the constrained setting. To illustrate these potential gains, we propose practical algorithms for constrained adaptive sensing by exploiting connections to the theory of optimal experimental design and show that these algorithms exhibit promising performance in some representative applications.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
Choline and Betaine Intake and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Men
Creators: name: Lee, Jung Eun
name: Giovannucci, Edward
name: Fuchs, Charles S.
name: Cho, Eunyoung
name: Zeisel, Steven H.
name: Willett, Walter C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Dietary choline and betaine have been hypothesized to decrease the risk of cancer because of their role as methyl donors in the one-carbon metabolism. However, it remains unknown whether dietary intake of choline and betaine is associated with colorectal cancer risk. We prospectively examined the associations between dietary choline and betaine intake and risk of colorectal cancer in men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. We followed 47,302 men and identified a total of 987 incident colorectal cancer cases from 1986 to 2004. We assessed dietary and supplemental choline and betaine intake every four years using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate multivariate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). All statistical tests were two-sided. We did not find any statistically significant associations between choline intake or betaine intake and risk of colorectal cancer. Comparing the top quintile with bottom quintile, multivariate RRs (95% CI) were 0.97 (0.79-1.20; Ptrend = 0.87) for choline intake and 0.94 (0.77-1.16; Ptrend = 0.79) for betaine intake. Similarly, we observed no associations between colorectal cancer risk and choline from free choline, glycerophosphocholine, phosphocholine, phosphatidylcholine, or sphingomyelin. Our data do not support that choline and betaine intake is inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk.
Does Framing Human Papillomavirus Vaccine as Preventing Cancer in Men Increase Vaccine Acceptability?
Creators: name: McRee, Annie Laurie
name: Chantala, Kim
name: Brewer, Noel T.
name: Reiter, Paul L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is now approved for use in males in the United States to prevent genital warts. We conducted an experiment to see whether framing HPV vaccination as also preventing cancer in men would increase men’s vaccination willingness.
Large Carnivore Range Contractions - Supplementary tables and figures from Range contractions of the world's large carnivores.
Creators: name: Wolf, Christopher
name: Ripple, William J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supporting data for our analysis of large carnivore range contractions. Contents include basic data on historic and current range area, maps of predictors used in our models, range contraction summaries by biome, and model output.
Prediction of the Weyl semimetal in the orthorhombic MoTe2
Creators: name: Sun, Yan
name: Wu, Shu-Chun
name: Ali, Mazhar N.
name: Felser, Claudia
name: Yan, Binghai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the orthorhombic phase (Td) of layered transition-metal-dichalcogenide MoTe$_2$ as a Weyl semimetal candidate, which was discovered to be a superconductor in our recent experiment. MoTe$_2$ exhibits four pairs of Weyl points lying slightly ($\sim$ 6 meV) above the Fermi energy in the bulk band structure. Unlike its cousin WTe$_2$, which was predicted to be a type-II Weyl semimetal recently, the spacing between each pair of Weyl points is found to be as large as 4 percent of the reciprocal lattice in MoTe$_2$ (six times larger than that of WTe$_2$). When projected to the surface, Weyl points are connected by Fermi arcs, which can be easily verified by ARPES due to the large Weyl point separation. In addition, we show that the correlation effect or strain can drive MoTe$_2$ from the type-II to type-I Weyl semimetal.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication
title: Congenital inner ear abnormalities: A pictorial review -” Signs are to eyes; what words are to ears!”
Creators: name: Ilangovan, Gurubharath
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Paediatric
subject: CT
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Education
subject: Congenital
subject: Dysplasias
subject: Genetic defects

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Describe the CT and MR imaging features of inner ear malformations by using a standard classification...
KEY ROLE OF QUBE CE'UMSA RING IN OPENING GUUBOO AYYANTU DEVICES OF SCIENCE EDUCATION
Creators: name: Abduselam Mohammed Yasin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Amartii Qubee Ce'umsaa
Science education
Guuboo Ayaantuu
Cushitic Pyramid
Namoratonga Pillars

description: This is the report 18th GA element
ESR1/SYNE1 Polymorphism and Invasive Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk: An Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium Study
Creators: name: Moorman, Patricia G.
name: Berchuck, Andrew
name: Terry, Kathryn L.
name: McGuire, Valerie
name: Menon, Usha
name: Ziogas, Argyrios
name: Beesley, Jonathan
name: Chen, Chu
name: Whittemore, Alice S.
name: Hogdall, Claus
name: Doherty, Jennifer A.
name: Brewster, Wendy
name: Thompson, Pamela J.
name: Vierkant, Robert A.
name: Moysich, Kirsten
name: Chanock, Stephen
name: Hogdall, Estrid
name: Palmieri, Rachel T.
name: Rossing, Mary Anne
name: Ness, Roberta B.
name: Gayther, Simon A.
name: Shah, Mitul
name: Van Den Berg, David J.
name: Wu, Anna H.
name: Anton-Culver, Hoda
name: Cunningham, Julie M.
name: Goodman, Marc T.
name: Wang-Gohrke, Shan
name: Perkins, Barbara
name: Chenevix-Trench, Georgia
name: Goode, Ellen L.
name: Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra
name: Di Cioccio, Richard A.
name: Fridley, Brooke L.
name: Chang-Claude, Jenny
name: Lissowska, Jolanta
name: Yang, Hannah P.
name: Ramus, Susan J.
name: Garcia-Closas, Montserrat
name: Song, Honglin
name: Cramer, Daniel W.
name: Pearce, Celeste Leigh
name: Cushing-Haugen, Kara L.
name: Webb, Penelope M.
name: Pharoah, Paul D.P.
name: Pike, Malcolm C.
name: Carney, Michael E.
name: Kjaer, Susanne Kruger
name: Schildkraut, Joellen M.
name: Lurie, Galina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: We genotyped 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the estrogen receptor alpha gene (ESR1) region in three population-based case-control studies of epithelial ovarian cancer conducted in the United States, comprising a total of 1,128 and 1,866 non-Hispanic white invasive cases and controls, respectively. A SNP 19 kb downstream of ESR1 (rs2295190, G-to-T change) was associated with invasive ovarian cancer risk, with a per-T-allele odds ratio (OR) of 1.24 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06–1.44, p=0.006). rs2295190 is a non-synonymous coding SNP in a neighboring gene called spectrin repeat containing, nuclear envelope 1 (SYNE1) which is involved in nuclear organization and structural integrity, function of the Golgi apparatus, and cytokinesis. An isoform encoded by SYNE1 has been reported to be downregulated in ovarian and other cancers. rs2295190 was genotyped in an additional 12 studies through the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, with 5,279 invasive epithelial cases and 7,450 controls. The per-T-allele OR for this 12-study set was 1.09 (95% CI, 1.02–1.17, p=0.017). Results for the serous subtype in the 15 combined studies were similar to those overall (n=3,545; OR=1.09, 95% CI, 1.01–1.18, p=0.025), and our findings were strongest for the mucinous subtype (n=447; OR=1.32, 95% CI, 1.11–1.58, p=0.002). No association was observed for the endometrioid subtype. In an additional analysis of 1,459 borderline ovarian cancer cases and 7,370 controls, rs2295190 was not associated with risk. These data provide suggestive evidence that the rs2295190 T allele, or another allele in linkage disequilibrium with it, may be associated with increased risk of invasive ovarian cancer.
(401856) Jabez Augustus Bela Palmer
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Genetic Variation in TYMS in the One-Carbon Transfer Pathway Is Associated with Ovarian Carcinoma Types in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium
Creators: name: Stram, Daniel O.
name: Chenevix-Trench, Georgia
name: Anton-Culver, Hoda
name: Menon, Usha
name: Kjær, Susanne Krüger
name: McGuire, Valerie
name: Chang-Claude, Jenny
name: Webb, Penelope M.
name: Kelemen, Linda E.
name: Fredericksen, Zachary S.
name: Wu, Anna H.
name: Tworoger, Shelley S.
name: Ramus, Susan J.
name: Van Den Berg, David
name: Lurie, Galina
name: Beesley, Jonathan
name: Gates, Margaret A.
name: Pharoah, Paul D.P.
name: Schildkraut, Joellen M.
name: Pearce, Celeste L.
name: Høgdall, Estrid
name: Goodman, Marc T.
name: Moysich, Kirsten
name: Doherty, Jennifer A.
name: DiCioccio, Richard A.
name: Vierkant, Robert A.
name: Carney, Michael E.
name: Brar, Sony
name: Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra
name: Cramer, Daniel W.
name: Berchuck, Andrew
name: Whittemore, Alice S.
name: Easton, Douglas F.
name: Rossing, Mary Anne
name: Moorman, Patricia G.
name: Gayther, Simon A.
name: Köbel, Martin
name: Song, Honglin
name: Goode, Ellen L.
name: Palmieri, Rachel T.
name: Wilkens, Lynne R.
name: Ness, Roberta B.
name: Fridley, Brooke L.
name: Wang-Gohrke, Shan
name: Cunningham, Julie M.
name: Sellers, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: We previously reported risks of ovarian carcinoma for common polymorphisms in one-carbon (1-C) transfer genes. We sought to replicate associations for DPYD rs1801265, DNMT3A rs13420827, MTHFD1 rs1950902, MTHFS rs17284990 and TYMS rs495139 with risk of ovarian carcinoma overall, and to utilize the large sample of assembled cases to investigate associations by histological type.
title: Deep learning-based reconstruction of virtual monoenergetic images (dual-energy) for CT-based thermometry of body tissues
Creators: name: Heinrich, Andreas
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Bones
subject: CT
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Physics
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The changes in tissue temperature can be measured indirectly via the Computed Tomography (CT) numbers or Hounsfield units (HU), also called CT-based thermometry. However, the sensitivity (change of HU per °C) depends on the volumetric thermal...
Longitudinal Predictors of Nonadherence to Maintenance of Mammography
Creators: name: Rimer, Barbara K.
name: Brewer, Noel T.
name: Earp, Jo Anne
name: Gierisch, Jennifer M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Regular adherence to screening mammography, also known as maintenance of mammography, reduces breast cancer morbidity and mortality. However, mammography maintenance is uncommon, and little is know about why women do not maintain regular screening schedules. We investigated longitudinal predictors of women not maintaining adherence.
Large Carnivore Range Contractions - Supplementary tables and figures from Range contractions of the world's large carnivores
Creators: name: Wolf, Christopher
name: Ripple, William J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supporting data for our analysis of large carnivore range contractions. Contents include basic data on historic and current range area, maps of predictors used in our models, range contraction summaries by biome, and model output.
title: Artificial Intelligence vs Radiologist in Chest CT: evaluation of emphysema, lung nodules, thoracic aorta and thoracic spine
Creators: name: Marques dos Santos, Filipa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Mediastinum
subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Cancer
subject: Chronic obstructive airways disease
subject: Dilatation

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The objective was to evaluate the performance of AI-Rad Companion(AIRC-cCT)(Siemens Healthineers®) by analyzing chest Computed Tomography(CT) scans and comparing the results against...
(401852) Rosalie Galsworthy
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Meta-analysis of Human Papillomavirus Infection Concordance
Creators: name: Pendergraft III, William F.
name: Brewer, Noel T.
name: Reiter, Paul L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Estimates of human papillomavirus (HPV) concordance among sexual partners are important for various public health activities, from counseling individual patients to predicting the impact of HPV vaccination.
Multiple Genetic Variants in Telomere Pathway Genes and Breast Cancer Risk
Creators: name: Bradshaw, Patrick T.
name: Wang, Qiao
name: Santella, Regina M.
name: Neugut, Alfred I.
name: Teitelbaum, Susan L.
name: Gammon, Marilie D.
name: Wu, Hui Chen
name: Shen, Jing
name: Terry, Mary Beth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: To explore the etiologic role of genetic variants in telomere pathway genes and breast cancer risk.