cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Connections between Floer-type invariants and Morse-type invariants of Legendrian knots
Creators: name: Henry, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R17 (Primary), 57M25, 53D40 (Secondary)

description: We define an algebraic/combinatorial object on the front projection $Σ$ of a Legendrian knot called a Morse complex sequence, abbreviated MCS. This object is motivated by the theory of generating families and provides new connections between generating families, normal rulings, and augmentations of the Chekanov-Eliashberg DGA. In particular, we place an equivalence relation on the set of MCSs on $Σ$ and construct a surjective map from the equivalence classes to the set of chain homotopy classes of augmentations of $L_Σ$, where $L_Σ$ is the Ng resolution of $Σ$. In the case of Legendrian knot classes admitting representatives with two-bridge front projections, this map is bijective. We also exhibit two standard forms for MCSs and give explicit algorithms for finding these forms.
description: 54 pages, 32 figures; v3. Definition of main object generalized slightly, other minor revisions, to appear in Pacific J. Math
Looping on the Bloch sphere: Oscillatory effects in dephasing of qubits subject to broad-spectrum noise
Creators: name: Zhou, Dong
name: Joynt, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For many implementations of quantum computing, 1/f and other types of broad-spectrum noise are an important source of decoherence. An important step forward would be the ability to back out the characteristics of this noise from qubit measurements and to see if it leads to new physical effects. For certain types of qubits, the working point of the qubit can be varied. Using a new mathematical method that is suited to treat all working points, we present theoretical results that show how this degree of freedom can be used to extract noise parameters and to predict a new effect: noise-induced looping on the Bloch sphere. We analyze data on superconducting qubits to show that they are very near the parameter regime where this looping should be observed.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Heat Transfer Operators Associated with Quantum Operations
Creators: name: Aksak, Ç.
name: Turgut, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Any quantum operation applied on a physical system is performed as a unitary transformation on a larger extended system. If the extension used is a heat bath in thermal equilibrium, the concomitant change in the state of the bath necessarily implies a heat exchange with it. The dependence of the average heat transferred to the bath on the initial state of the system can then be found from the expectation value of a hermitian operator, which is named as the heat transfer operator (HTO). The purpose of this article is the investigation of the relation between the HTOs and the associated quantum operations. Since, any given quantum operation on a system can be realized by different baths and unitaries, many different HTOs are possible for each quantum operation. On the other hand, there are also strong restrictions on the HTOs which arise from the unitarity of the transformations. The most important of these is the Landauer erasure principle. This article is concerned with the question of finding a complete set of restrictions on the HTOs that are associated with a given quantum operation. An answer to this question has been found only for a subset of quantum operations. For erasure operations, these characterizations are equivalent to the generalized Landauer erasure principle. For the case of generic quantum operations however, it appears that the HTOs obey further restrictions which cannot be obtained from the entropic restrictions of the generalized Landauer erasure principle.
description: A significant revision is made; 33 pages with 2 figures
Authentication and Secrecy Codes for Equiprobable Source Probability Distributions
Creators: name: Huber, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We give new combinatorial constructions for codes providing authentication and secrecy for equiprobable source probability distributions. In particular, we construct an infinite class of optimal authentication codes which are multiple-fold secure against spoofing and simultaneously achieve perfect secrecy. Several further new optimal codes satisfying these properties will also be constructed and presented in general tables. Almost all of these appear to be the first authentication codes with these properties.
description: 5 pages (double-column); to appear in Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT 2009, Seoul, South Korea)
Spatially resolved mid-infrared observations of the triple system T Tauri
Creators: name: Ratzka, Th.
name: Schegerer, A. A.
name: Leinert, Ch.
name: Ábrahám, P.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Herbst, T. M.
name: Köhler, R.
name: Wolf, S.
name: Zinnecker, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To enhance our knowledge of the characteristics and distribution of the circumstellar dust associated with the individual components of the young hierarchical triple system T Tau, observations in the N-band with MIDI at the VLTI were performed. Our study is based on both the interferometric and the spectrophotometric measurements and is supplemented by new visual and infrared photometry. Also, the phases were investigated to determine the dominating mid-infrared source in the close southern binary. The data were fit with the help of a sophisticated physical disc model. This model utilises the radiative transfer code MC3D that is based on the Monte-Carlo method. Extended mid-infrared emission is found around all three components of the system. Simultaneous fits to the photometric and interferometric data confirm the picture of an almost face-on circumstellar disc around T Tau N. Towards this star, the silicate band is seen in emission. This emission feature is used to model the dust content of the circumstellar disc. Clear signs of dust processing are found. Towards T Tau S, the silicate band is seen in absorption. This absorption is strongly pronounced towards the infrared companion T Tau Sa as can be seen from the first individual N-band spectra for the two southern components. Our fits support the previous suggestion that an almost edge-on disc is present around T Tau Sa. This disc is thus misaligned with respect to the circumstellar disc around T Tau N. The interferometric data indicate that the disc around T Tau Sa is oriented in the north-south direction, which favours this source as launching site for the east-western jet. We further determine from the interferometric data the relative positions of the components of the southern binary.
description: 24 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
title: Ontwikkeling LATIS 4: deelrapport 3e. Update van de schadefuncties
Creators: name: Beullens, Jochem
name: Broidioi, Silke
name: De Sutter, Renaat
name: De Maeyer, Philippe
name: Pereira, Fernando
name: Mostaert, Frank
Publisher: name: Flanders Hydraulics Research
Year: 2021

description: Title : WL Rapporten. Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium: Antwerpen Volume : 13_159_10 Issue : Pagination : VII, 24 + 4 p. bijl.
Wave propagation on a random lattice
Creators: name: Sahlmann, Hanno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by phenomenological questions in quantum gravity, we consider the propagation of a scalar field on a random lattice. We describe a procedure to calculate the dispersion relation for the field by taking a limit of a periodic lattice. We use this to calculate the lowest order coefficients of the dispersion relation for a specific one-dimensional model.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures. v3: Some minor changes and clarifications. Virtually identical with the version published in Physical Review D
A Review on Vitamin D Deficiency Associated Metabolic Diseases
Creators: name: Paranjape, Shweta
name: Shanware, Arti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Vitamin-D or Calciferol, a fat-soluble vitamin, which is also called sunshine vitamin, as it is synthesized in the skin on sun exposure and is very necessary for the absorption of calcium in the gut and to maintain calcium, magnesium and phosphate levels in the body. Vitamin D is also responsible for bone mineralization and to prevent various bone associated diseases like osteoporosis, osteomalacia etc. According to the expert committee of Food and Nutrition Board at the National Academics of Services, engineering and Management, an individual below the concentration of 30nmole/litre is considered to be at greater risk of developing deficiency of Vitamin D. Spending more time indoors, unhealthy food habits, use of sunscreen, less exposure to sunlight, high level of melanin pigments are some of the reasons of developing Vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is found to be associated with various metabolic syndromes which include a set of conditions where people are at higher risk of heart attack and stroke. Metabolic syndromes include conditions like increase in the waist circumference, higher level of Fasting High Density Lipopolysaccharides, hypertension, inactiveness, overweight or obesity, higher sugar levels and many more. Studies have suggested that Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency also leads to subclinical atherosclerosis. The deficiency of Vitamin D also seems to be associated with the vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression in adipose tissue, food intake and exercise levels in obese people. Invitro studies on animals including human adipocyte cell lines revealed interference of Vitamin D by inhibiting the adipocytes differentiation hence inhibiting adipogenesis in a mice model as well as in human study. Vitamin D is also found to be directly linked with thermogenesis and fat oxidation rates. Furthermore, Vitamin D levels are also observed to be associated with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure as both gets decreased with administration of Vitamin D in person with existing high blood pressure. The evidence suggests that lower level of vitamin D triggers the development of insulin resistance thus non-insulin dependent diabetic mellitus (NIDDM) by deregulating the insulin sensitivity or β-cell function, or both. This review paper aims to study the association between levels of Vitamin D and various metabolic diseases and to develop strategies for the prevention in order to decrease the risk of development of metabolic diseases.
MPEC 2023-Y07 : 2023 XX14
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 XX14

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
On the Hadwiger numbers of starlike disks
Creators: name: Langi, Zsolt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52A30, 52A10, 52C15

description: The Hadwiger number $H(J)$ of a topological disk $J$ in $\Re^2$ is the maximal number of pairwise nonoverlapping translates of $J$ that touch $J$. It is well known that for a convex disk, this number is six or eight. A conjecture of A. Bezdek., K. and W. Kuperberg says that the Hadwiger number of a starlike disk is at most eight. A. Bezdek proved that this number is at most seventy five for any starlike disk. In this note, we prove that the Hadwiger number of a starlike disk is at most thirty five. Furthermore, we show that the Hadwiger number of a topological disk $J$ such that $(\conv J) \setminus J$ is connected, is six or eight.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Plant Biostimulants & their role in mitigating abiotic stress
Creators: name: , Sudha
name: , Monika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The different abiotic factors like soil composition, salinity level, soil pH, temperature flactuations, water deficiency, pollution, moisture content in air, rain, wind or ultraviolet radiation effects both the quality and quantity of plant yield. This is because of the plant response to fight stress instead of focussing on yielding. Novel innovations are done by biotechnology to enhance the plant characteristics towards such stress conditions. Plant biostimulants (PBs) appears as a eco-friendly, sustainable and innovative way in enhancing tolerance to abiotic stresses and along with this elevating the quality of agricultural and horticultural crops. Plant biostimulants can be categorised into microbial and non-microbial biostimulants on the basis of their preparation source. Microbial biostimulants includes VAM fungi and soil bacteria having synergistic association with plants whereas non-microbial biostimulants includes organic (botanicals & seaweed extract from algae, terrestrial plants; protein hydrolysates, chitosan, humic & fulvic acids) and inorganic(silica & cobalt)substances. These can be used in the form of powder, granules, solution, foliar spray. Generally humic and nitrogenous biostimulants are mixed in soil directly while botanicals & seaweed derived biostimulants are used as spray over leaves. PBs can also be applied through water channel to plant rhizosphere for fast uptake. Biostimulants reduce abiotic stress in plants by interacting with various physio-chemical processes such as (i) reduced membrane lipid peroxidation, (ii) increased chlorophyll level (iii) improved antioxidant activities and (iv) an improved afflux and channelizing the intracellular ions. The prime objective of this review is to understand the role of plant biostimulants in mitigating the abiotic stress.
Evolution of cytokinin degrading CKX gene family in plants
Creators: name: Khuman, Aniruddhabhai Kanubhai
name: Chaudhary, Bhupendra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Cytokinins (CKs) are important plant hormones those regulate plant growth and development, including cell division, shoot meristem initiation, leaf senescence, chloroplast biogenesis, also regulate a host of additional development events such as de novo bud formation, release of buds from apical dominance, seed germination, CKs play vital role in the interaction of plant system with biotic and abiotic factors. Cytokinin oxidases/dehydrogenases (CKX) is quint essential in irreversible degradation of the isopentenyladenine, zeatin, and their ribosides in a single enzymatic step by oxidative side chain cleavage. To comprehend the evolutionary consequences of CKX genes during plant development, a meta-phylogenetic profile of at least 163 CKX amino acid sequences of monocot and eudicots plant species was analyzed. Bayesian phylogenetic algorithm-based mapping of 163 homologous and orthologous CKX sequences enumerated site-specific conservation scoring of individual amino acids. Paralogous gene divergences of CKX gene family had evolved essentially under the purifying selection along with the evolutionary trajectory of monocot and eudicot plant species. Gene structure and motif analyses indicated that most of the CKX genes showed a relatively conserved exon/intron arrangement and motif composition. Exon/intron organization in the CKX genes was mainly through gain/loss and insertion/deletions, which reflected the evolutionary diversification of these genes, that may also be related to their functional evolution. Expression profiling displayed CKX1 gene expression in root tissues of different members of family Brassicaceae. These evidences strongly support the hypothesis that CKX gene might play an essential role in modulating CK levels in plant root organization; and propound its potential for the future crop improvement programs, particularly in the major oil-producing mustard species.
title: From sortilegio to diabolical sorcery: theological and canonistic developments from Lombard and Gratian to Inquisitorial handbooks
Creators: name: Page, Victoria
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2021

description: The aim of this thesis is to explore the role of theology in the changing perceptions of 
magic throughout the medieval period and to demonstrate that this laid the foundations for 
the later emergence of the witchcraft stereotype. The way in which magic was perceived by 
various authorities in the medieval period has been addressed in a wide range of modern 
literature. The role of theological texts and commentaries in these changes has been largely 
overlooked, however. This thesis thus seeks to make a new contribution by tracing 
developments from Peter Lombard’s twelfth century Sententiarum through its commentaries 
in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. The Malleus maleficarum is utilised as the end 
point of this study and as representative of the understanding of demonic magic in fifteenth-century Europe. This study demonstrates that theology provides many significant 
developments regarding the medieval understanding of magic between the twelfth and 
fifteenth centuries. It explains that Lombard’s Sententiarum, drawing from the Church Fathers,
describes magic as an entirely demonic construct which could not be utilising any other source 
of power. This idea was built on by the theological commentaries, resulting in the concept of 
the demonic pact as a fundamental element of magic. Similarly, it is shown that that the range 
of practices identified as demonic magic in the theological texts dictates those associated with 
magic by the end of the fifteenth century, and that the explicit identification of demonic magic 
as a form of heresy in the thirteenth century led to the interest in magic from the Inquisition 
and the eventual rise of the witch trials. The significance of this study is its demonstration of 
the importance of medieval theology to the evolving perceptions of magic and its demonic 
nature which ultimately led to the emergence of the witchcraft stereotype in the Early Modern 
period.
Bouncing universe with the non-minimally coupled scaler field and its reconstructing
Creators: name: Sadeghi, J.
name: Milani, F.
name: Amani, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider a non-minimally coupled scaler field, and show its equation of state parameter can crossing over -1, $ω\to -1$, and bouncing condition. Also we obtain the stability conditions and consider reconstructing for our model.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures. Accepted in MPLA
Biodiversity and the need for the conservation of endangered medicinal plants
Creators: name: Darro, Sharda
name: Khan, Naureen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Medicinal plants form a major part of natural biodiversity throughout the globe. Medicinal plants can be described as plants comprising of natural bioactive compounds and phytochemicals that can be actively used to cure several diseases. India is a country with rich biodiversity and a strong traditional medicinal system which employs the use of locally available medicinal plants for treatment purpose however, due to the over exploitation of forests there are several medicinal plant species that have become endangered and rare. It has been estimated that in developing countries around 80% of the population is dependent on medicinal plants for their primary healthcare and with the increasing growth in the use of herbal products the need of medicinal plants for the formulations of drugs will also increase. Hence, there is a dire need for the conservation of endangered medicinal plants to protect our natural biodiversity and also to meet the ever-increasing demand for the raw material. In the present review, we emphasize on the endangered medicinal plants observed in our natural biodiversity and are used in our traditional medicinal system, the need for the conservation of endangered medicinal plants. Effective conservation strategies like in situ and ex situ conservation, education, research, and biotechnological approaches for conservation like tissue culture, micropropagation, and synthetic seeds will also be discussed in brief.
Determination of the chiral condensate from 2+1-flavor lattice QCD
Creators: name: The JLQCD Collaboration
name: Fukaya, H.
name: Aoki, S.
name: Hashimoto, S.
name: Kaneko, T.
name: Noaki, J.
name: Onogi, T.
name: Yamada, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a precise calculation of the chiral condensate in QCD using lattice QCD with 2+1 flavors of dynamical overlap quarks. Up and down quark masses cover a range between 3 and 100 MeV on a 16^3x48 lattice at a lattice spacing around 0.11 fm. At the lightest sea quark mass, the finite volume system on the lattice is in the epsilon-regime. By matching the low-lying eigenvalue spectrum of the Dirac operator with the prediction of chiral perturbation theory at the next-to-leading order, we determine the chiral condensate in 2+1-flavor QCD with strange quark mass fixed at its physical value as Sigma (MS-bar at 2 GeV) = [242(04)(^+19_-18}) MeV}]^3, where the errors are statistical and systematic, respectively.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, errors in table 1 and fig.3 corrected. Published in PRL
Taxonomy of Bias in AI: Systemic Bias Explained
Creators: name: Maio, Paola Di
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: The System Level, systemic bias, systemic deviation

description: This note provides a top level taxonomy for categorizing AI Bias Low level developers of ML AI can struggle to grasp the overall system level due to poor neuronal connectivity in their brains. This note illustrates and explains systemic bias in a simple direct way so that even intellectually challenged low level thinkers can figure it out without too much effort.
Beta-delayed deuteron emission from 11Li: decay of the halo
Creators: name: Raabe, R.
name: Andreyev, A.
name: Borge, M. J. G.
name: Buchmann, L.
name: Capel, P.
name: Fynbo, H. O. U.
name: Huyse, M.
name: Kanungo, R.
name: Kirchner, T.
name: Mattoon, C.
name: Morton, A. C.
name: Mukha, I.
name: Pearson, J.
name: Ponsaers, J.
name: Ressler, J. J.
name: Riisager, K.
name: Ruiz, C.
name: Ruprecht, G.
name: Sarazin, F.
name: Tengblad, O.
name: Van Duppen, P.
name: Walden, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The deuteron-emission channel in the beta-decay of the halo-nucleus 11Li was measured at the ISAC facility at TRIUMF by implanting post-accelerated 11Li ions into a segmented silicon detector. The events of interest were identified by correlating the decays of 11Li with those of the daughter nuclei. This method allowed the energy spectrum of the emitted deuterons to be extracted, free from contributions from other channels, and a precise value for the branching ratio B_d = 1.30(13) x 10-4 to be deduced for E(c.m.) > 200 keV. The results provide the first unambiguous experimental evidence that the decay takes place essentially in the halo of 11Li, and that it proceeds mainly to the 9Li + d continuum, opening up a new means to study of the halo wave function of 11Li.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
A Look On Vital Role Of Microbiology In Contamination And Sterilization Under Plant Tissue Culture
Creators: name: Sharma, Priya
name: Mishra, Sugandha
name: Sharma, Asha
name: Dutta, Amit Kumar
name: Jain, Dharmendra
name: Kumar, Dhirendra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The plant tissue culture is the growing of plant cells, tissues or organs on artificial nutrient media under controlled or sterile aseptic conditions. With the help of tissue culture thousands of small sized plants or plantlets can be produced in shorter time duration known as micro propagation. There are basically four requirements of plant tissue culture i.e. selection of explant, preparation of nutrient media, sterilization and culturing of explant (i.e. regeneration or organogenesis). Here we are going to discuss two main success determining factors firstly, preparation and selection of suitable nutrient media secondly sterilization techniques for explants. Nutrient media or tissue culture media is the source of nutrition which helps in the growth and establishment of explant. Composition of the culture media is dependent on two factors i.e. the particular species of a plant, and the type of material used for culture such as cells, tissues, organs, protoplast, etc. Depending on the requirement media used may be either solid or liquid and can be obtained naturally or may be composed of chemicals called as synthetic media. Basic components of culture media are macronutrients, micronutrients, carbon sources, Iron (as chelating agent), vitamins, plant growth regulators and hormones, organic nitrogen and agar (if need to grow in solid media). Other factors include temperature, pH, photoperiod should also be maintained during tissue culture along with nutrient media. Next significant part is sterilization, refers killing of microbes to maintain aseptic condition during tissue culture. Contamination is a common problem in tissue culture that affects the yield of cultured plants. Therefore, sterilization is the primary requirement of tissue culture. It very much determines the success percentage of the process and impacts the production of the end products. Sterilization can be achieved by a combination of heat, chemicals, filtration, UV rays, chlorine dioxide gas etc. Through this paper we are going to discuss different explant sterilization techniques. Sterilization of explant is done by surface sterilization method by using different sterilizing agents like Mercuric chloride, ethanol, sodium hypochlorite etc.
Mapping the Progression of Non-carious Cervical Lesions
Creators: name: Grenness, MJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Dental materials and equipment

description: 'Non-carious cervical lesion’ (NCCL) is a term used to describe loss of hard tissue in the cervical one-third of teeth. NCCLs are commonly encountered in dental practice and frequently require clinical intervention. There are few reports of high quality mapping and monitoring of NCCLs, and dental practitioners currently have no reliable method for measuring and monitoring their progress. Improved understanding of the underlying causes and progression of NCCLs will rely on reliable and practical methods of mapping their topography and monitoring their progress. NCCLs on the facial surfaces of teeth can be easily imaged, either directly or on cast replicas, and therefore may be well suited to mapping using a photogrammetric approach. A preliminary investigation led to the development of a casting material that incorporated optical texture so that photogrammetric image-matching techniques could be utilized. Three-dimensional coordinate data for tooth replicas was successfully generated using the casting material, convergent stereoscopic photography and commercial digital photogrammetric software. Imaging was performed initially using a semi-metric 35 mm film camera, then a high-resolution digital SLR camera, and finally a fixed-base digital SLR stereo camera. The quality of the surface data and the capacity to align tooth surfaces was investigated. Two specific examples of NCCLs were mapped and monitored at baseline, 12 month and 24 month time periods. For the film camera and the single digital camera, the photogrammetric solutions were not highly stable, with systematic height errors of up to 80 ìm attributed to unstable exterior orientation. However, for the fixed-base stereo camera, model precision was shown to be in the order of 13 ìm and the accuracy of surfaces derived from automatic measurement was approximately 3 ìm. The error associated with aligning independent measurements of tooth surfaces was approximately 17 ìm. Change detection of the two NCCL surfaces was sensitive to 30 ìm, with change ranging from 30 to 320 ìm per annum for one surface and 30 to 70 ìm per annum for the second surface. Different rates of change were clearly evident in different areas of the same surfaces. The replication, stereoimagery, photogrammetric processing, and detection of changes to the surfaces were shown to be reliable and convenient. The results of this investigation show that stereo-photogrammetric techniques can be applied to the mapping of NCCLs, and that the surfaces can be mapped at sufficient accuracy to enable change to be monitored. The two examples suggest that annual change detection studies will provide a clearer picture of the rate of progression and the geometry of progression and, in combination with other analytical techniques, a more detailed explanation of the natural history of non carious cervical lesions.
Non-parametric modeling of the intra-cluster gas using APEX-SZ bolometer imaging data
Creators: name: Basu, K.
name: Zhang, Y. -Y.
name: Sommer, M. W.
name: Bender, A. N.
name: Bertoldi, F.
name: Dobbs, M.
name: Eckmiller, H.
name: Halverson, N. W.
name: Holzapfel, W. L.
name: Horellou, C.
name: Jaritz, V.
name: Johansson, D.
name: Johnson, B.
name: Kennedy, J.
name: Kneissl, R.
name: Lanting, T.
name: Lee, A. T.
name: Mehl, J.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Navarrete, F. P.
name: Pacaud, F.
name: Reichardt, C. L.
name: Reiprich, T. H.
name: Richards, P. L.
name: Schwan, D.
name: Westbrook, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the usability of mm-wavelength imaging data obtained from the APEX-SZ bolometer array to derive the radial temperature profile of the hot intra-cluster gas out to radius r_500 and beyond. The goal is to study the physical properties of the intra-cluster gas by using a non-parametric de-projection method that is, aside from the assumption of spherical symmetry, free from modeling bias. We use publicly available X-ray imaging data from the XMM-Newton observatory and our Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect (SZE) imaging data from the APEX-SZ experiment at 150 GHz to de-project the density and temperature profiles for the relaxed cluster Abell 2204. We derive the gas density, temperature and entropy profiles assuming spherical symmetry, and obtain the total mass profile under the assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium. For comparison with X-ray spectroscopic temperature models, a re-analysis of the recent Chandra observation is done with the latest calibration updates. Using the non-parametric modeling we demonstrate a decrease of gas temperature in the cluster outskirts, and also measure the gas entropy profile. These results are obtained for the first time independently of X-ray spectroscopy, using SZE and X-ray imaging data. The contribution of the SZE systematic uncertainties in measuring T_e at large radii is shown to be small compared to the Chandra systematic spectroscopic errors. The upper limit on M_200 derived from the non-parametric method is consistent with the NFW model prediction from weak lensing analysis.
description: Replaced with the published version; A&A 519, A29 (2010)
Newer View on Sustainable Development Through Biotechnology and Socio-Economic Analysis
Creators: name: Chawla, Ankita
name: Bharatwal, Sunita
name: Kumar, Dhirendra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The evolutionary biology interprets the capability to make choices in a fast-changing environment as a key adaptation. The ability to think about new problems and to choose under uncertain and unfamiliar conditions helps us to survive and reproduce. In this paper, stress has been laid on externalities (both positive and negative) and its implications for sustainability. Now as almost all the activities are being carried out in eco-friendly manner thereby promoting sustainability. Therefore, it becomes important to ascertain the reasonable implications of it on the generations to come. The presence of external effects that minimize environmental exposure are also an important issue in terms of sustainability. The relevance of this study is enhanced in recent times as many of the consumers as well as firms are becoming increasingly aware of the green practices being made and as a result there is increase in green enterprises. The present study also confirmed there is likelihood of people being attracted towards organic/green products. The findings of the study also revealed youth of the nation willing to pay extra amount in name of green practices followed by the enterprise; also, literacy remains a key factor in backing sustainability. Economics and Human Biology is devoted to the exploration of the effect of socio-economic processes on human beings as biological organisms. The effects of government intervention programs, as well as macroeconomic and public health policy on the human organism at either the individual or the population level. One aspect of biotechnology which has been used for centuries is the selective breeding of crop plants and farm animals to produce improved food. Its purpose is to educate people about biotechnology and its role in the socio-economic advancement and development of a nation so that they can make informed choices. Keywords: Sustainability, Green practices, Resources, Externalities, Organic foods, Ecofriendly
Non-coding RNAs in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
Creators: name: Kishore, Shristi
name: Kumari, Anjali
name: Malik, Sumira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Cancer is one of the major causes of death all around the world. Cancer invasion comprises a heterogeneous series of basal stages, each of which differs in its type with respect to its dependence on different carcinogenic pathways. To date, various types of RNAs have been explored in cancer research. Recent reports suggest the role of non-coding (ncRNAs) as key regulators of gene expression. They affect a number of oncogenic pathways through a variety of epigenetic mechanisms. These regulatory RNAs make up a large part of the human transcriptional system and are reported to play an important role in tumor physiology and pathogenesis. Increasing evidence on the functional role of ncRNAs in cancer progression indicates their potential in cancer therapy. Although small ncRNAs remain the most studied ones, long ncRNAs are also been explored for possible application in the development of cancer therapeutics. Here, we review the potential roles of different types of ncRNAs in cancer research, focusing on their clinical relevance in cancer therapy, prognosis, and diagnosis.
An exploratory comprehensive media study and review of tribal communities of Jharkhand: Ethno - Herbs, Shrubs and Medicinal Plants perspective
Creators: name: Kumar, Sudhir
name: Chaudhury, Sumedha
name: Shome, Priya
name: Malik, Sumira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The State of Jharkhand is blessed with immense biodiversity, moderate climate, rich cultural and historical heritage, religious places of worship and ethnic aspects to make the State the ultimate destination for bio-scientists & tourists. The lush green forests, rivers and waterfalls of this primeval land are home to many kinds of spectacular flora and fauna. Age-old tribes are the major inhabitants of Jharkhand dominated by tribals (32 tribal community) enriched in terms of cultural heritage and natural resources includes minerals and biodiversity. The wide range of herbs, shrubs and medicinal plants are seen here, to which tribal and local peoples have a lot of acquaintance. However, the medicinal value and conservation of such natural resources needs to be addressed as many of these plants are used for prevention and treatment of various diseases by traditional practitioners and healers since ancient times. Our present review focuses on documentation of ethno-medicinal herbs, shrubs and medicinal plants that can be used for further research through the lens of media.
Large-System Analysis of Joint Channel and Data Estimation for MIMO DS-CDMA Systems
Creators: name: Takeuchi, Keigo
name: Vehkaperae, Mikko
name: Tanaka, Toshiyuki
name: Mueller, Ralf R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a large-system analysis of the performance of joint channel estimation, multiuser detection, and per-user decoding (CE-MUDD) for randomly-spread multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) systems. A suboptimal receiver based on successive decoding in conjunction with linear minimum mean-squared error (LMMSE) channel estimation is investigated. The replica method, developed in statistical mechanics, is used to evaluate the performance in the large-system limit, where the number of users and the spreading factor tend to infinity while their ratio and the number of transmit and receive antennas are kept constant. The performance of the joint CE-MUDD based on LMMSE channel estimation is compared to the spectral efficiencies of several receivers based on one-shot LMMSE channel estimation, in which the decoded data symbols are not utilized to refine the initial channel estimates. The results imply that the use of joint CE-MUDD significantly reduces rate loss due to transmission of pilot signals, especially for multiple-antenna systems. As a result, joint CE-MUDD can provide significant performance gains, compared to the receivers based on one-shot channel estimation.
description: The paper was resubmitted to IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory
A search for disk-galaxy lenses in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Creators: name: Féron, Chloé
name: Hjorth, Jens
name: McKean, John P.
name: Samsing, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first automated spectroscopic search for disk-galaxy lenses, using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey database. We follow up eight gravitational lens candidates, selected among a sample of ~40000 candidate massive disk galaxies, using a combination of ground-based imaging and long-slit spectroscopy. We confirm two gravitational lens systems: one probable disk galaxy, and one probable S0 galaxy. The remaining systems are four promising disk-galaxy lens candidates, as well as two probable gravitational lenses whose lens galaxy might be an S0 galaxy. The redshifts of the lenses are z_lens ~ 0.1. The redshift range of the background sources is z_source ~ 0.3 - 0.7. The systems presented here are (confirmed or candidate) galaxy-galaxy lensing systems, that is, systems where the multiple images are faint and extended, allowing an accurate determination of the lens galaxy mass and light distributions without contamination from the background galaxy. Moreover, the low redshift of the (confirmed or candidates) lens galaxies is favorable for measuring rotation points to complement the lensing study. We estimate the rest-frame total mass-to-light ratio within the Einstein radius for the two confirmed lenses: we find M_tot/L_I = 5.4 +- 1.5 within 3.9 +- 0.9 kpc for SDSS J081230.30+543650.9, and M_tot/L_I = 1.5 +- 0.9 within 1.4 +- 0.8 kpc for SDSS J145543.55+530441.2 (all in solar units). Hubble Space Telescope or Adaptive Optics imaging is needed to further study the systems.
description: ApJ, accepted
Tev Neutrino Physics at the Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Xing, Zhi-zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I argue that TeV neutrino physics might become an exciting frontier of particle physics in the era of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The origin of non-zero but tiny masses of three known neutrinos is probably related to the existence of some heavy degrees of freedom, such as heavy Majorana neutrinos or heavy Higgs bosons, via a TeV-scale seesaw mechanism. I take a few examples to illustrate how to get a balance between theoretical naturalness and experimental testability of TeV seesaws. Besides possible collider signatures at the LHC, new and non-unitary CP-violating effects are also expected to show up in neutrino oscillations for type-I, type-(I+II) and type-III seesaws at the TeV scale.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures. Invited talk given at the International Conference on Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Quantum Field Theory: 75 Years since Solvay, 27--29 November 2008, Singapore
Review on Anti-Neoplastic Properties of Some Selected Indian Medicinal Plants
Creators: name: Belapurkar, Pranoti
name: Dubey, Shivani
name: Nair, Rati Trivedi
name: Sharma, Pushpanjali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Ayurveda since ages has been treating various diseases. Medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds have been reported to prevent and cure several ailments. In today’s context where cancer is claiming millions of lives and the existing therapies are not only out of reach of many due to cost involved, but also cause several unwanted, dreadful side effects, it is imperative to search for alternative therapies. Ayurveda is an answer to this, where various medicinal plants, their secondary metabolites alone or together with other plant extracts have shown promising anti-tumorigenic and anti-neoplastic properties. The present review has reported such promising properties of few selected Indian medicinal plants. The secondary metabolites of these plants have shown great potential as anti-neoplastic phytochemicals as effective and cheaper alternative of cancer treatment in developing and under developed countries. For instance, andrographolide drug discovery is a promising strategy for the development of a novel class of anti‐inflammatory and anticancer drugs. These are also better alternatives in terms of producing no dreadful, lifelong side effects which are commonly encountered with the current cancer therapies. Anticancer activities of plant derived drugs can be enhanced using novel technologies including use of nano-particles as nano-medicines for targeted, controlled and sustained release of compound. The metadata analysis has shown the evidence and significant potential of plant derived metabolites for the cancer therapy and its management. The review focuses on few important ayurvedically acclaimed medicinal plants already documented well for their disease treating abilities and have presented them as strong candidates for cancer treatment as well as supportive therapy.
Construction of normal numbers with respect to the $Q$-Cantor series expansion for certain $Q$
Creators: name: Mance, Bill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A. Renyi \cite{Renyi} made a definition that gives one generalization of simple normality in the context of $Q$-Cantor series. Similarly, in this paper we give a definition which generalizes the notion of normality in the context of $Q$-Cantor series. We will prove a theorem that allows us to concatenate sequences of digits that have a special property to give us the digits of a $Q$-normal number for certain $Q$. We will then use this theorem to construct a Q and a real number $x$ that is $Q$-normal.
Additional file 1 of External validation of multimodal termination of resuscitation rules for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients in the COVID-19 era
Creators: name: Jung, Haewon
name: Lee, Mi Jin
name: Cho, Jae Wan
name: Lee, Sang Hun
name: Lee, Suk Hee
name: Mun, You Ho
name: Chung, Han-Sol
name: Kim, Yang Hun
name: Kim, Gyun Moo
name: Park, Sin-Youl
name: Jeon, Jae Cheon
name: Kim, Changho
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
‘My dream was lengthened after life’: sleep, hallucinations and the supernatural in early modern drama
Creators: name: Owen, Chloe
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 199999 Studies in the Creative Arts and Writing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: This thesis considers the ways in which the supernatural in early modern drama is connected to sleep paralysis and hypnagogic/hypnopompic hallucinations. Using modern psychological studies alongside early modern medical treatises, dietaries, and supernatural pamphlets, I consider the impact that sleep paralysis and sleep-related hallucinations have had on early modern drama. Despite lacking modern science with which to explain the phenomena, early modern playwrights were able to draw on contemporary culture in order to represent this innate part of the human condition on the stage. Regardless of the differences between early modern and modern beliefs, this thesis argues that we may recognise sleep paralysis in this drama because playwrights were astute observers of the human condition, allowing them to depict the parasomnias without knowing the science behind them. Chapter One looks at plays from the 1590s: Shakespeare’s Richard III, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, and Julius Caesar. Chapter Two examines plays by the children’s companies in the indoor playhouses from the early 1600s: Marston’s Antonio’s Revenge and Sophonisba, and Chapman’s Bussy D’Ambois. Chapter Three considers plays by the adult companies after their acquisition of an indoor playhouse: Tourneur’s The Atheist’s Tragedy, and Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale, The Tempest, Pericles, Cymbeline, and Henry VIII. Finally, Chapter Four looks at plays written after Shakespeare’s death in 1616: Middleton’s The Witch and his revisions of Macbeth, Rowley, Dekker, and Ford’s The Witch of Edmonton, Sampson’s The Vow Breaker, and Newdigate’s The Twice-Chang’d Friar.
A Tunable Phonon-Exciton Fano System in Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Tang, Tsung-Ta
name: Zhang, Yuanbo
name: Park, Cheol-Hwan
name: Geng, Baisong
name: Girit, Caglar
name: Hao, Zhao
name: Martin, Michael C.
name: Zettl, Alex
name: Crommie, Michael F.
name: Louie, Steven G.
name: Shen, Y. Ron
name: Wang, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interference between different possible paths lies at the heart of quantum physics. Such interference between coupled discrete and continuum states of a system can profoundly change its interaction with light as seen in Fano resonance. Here we present a unique many-body Fano system composed of a discrete phonon vibration and continuous electron-hole pair transitions in bilayer graphene. Mediated by the electron-phonon interactions, the excited state is described by new quanta of elementary excitations of hybrid phonon-exciton nature. Infrared absorption of the hybrid states exhibit characteristic Fano lineshapes with parameters renormalized by many-body interactions. Remarkably, the Fano resonance in bilayer graphene is continuously tunable through electrical gating. Further control of the phonon-exciton coupling may be achieved with an optical field exploiting the excited state infrared activity. This tunable phonon-exciton system also offers the intriguing possibility of a 'phonon laser' with stimulated phonon amplification generated by population inversion of band-edge electrons.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures