cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supervised Fuzzy Partitioning
Creators: name: Ashtari, Pooya
name: Haredasht, Fateme Nateghi
name: Beigy, Hamid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Centroid-based methods including k-means and fuzzy c-means are known as effective and easy-to-implement approaches to clustering purposes in many applications. However, these algorithms cannot be directly applied to supervised tasks. This paper thus presents a generative model extending the centroid-based clustering approach to be applicable to classification and regression tasks. Given an arbitrary loss function, the proposed approach, termed Supervised Fuzzy Partitioning (SFP), incorporates labels information into its objective function through a surrogate term penalizing the empirical risk. Entropy-based regularization is also employed to fuzzify the partition and to weight features, enabling the method to capture more complex patterns, identify significant features, and yield better performance facing high-dimensional data. An iterative algorithm based on block coordinate descent scheme is formulated to efficiently find a local optimum. Extensive classification experiments on synthetic, real-world, and high-dimensional datasets demonstrate that the predictive performance of SFP is competitive with state-of-the-art algorithms such as SVM and random forest. SFP has a major advantage over such methods, in that it not only leads to a flexible, nonlinear model but also can exploit any convex loss function in the training phase without compromising computational efficiency.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures, 6 tables, 1 algorithm
Catalog of the scientific manuscripts left by Ettore Majorana (with a Recollection of E.Majorana, sixty years after his disappearance)
Creators: name: Recami, Erasmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ettore Majorana, perhaps the greatest Italian theoretical physicist of this century (Enrico Fermi compared him to Galilei and Newton), disappeared misteriously from Naples in 1938, when he was 31. In the first part of this work we outline his scientific personality (on the basis of letters, documents, testimonies collected by us in about twenty years) and the significance of some parts of his publications. In the second part of this paper we set forth some brief information about the unpublished scientific manuscripts left by E.Majorana and known to us till this moment (most of which are deposited at the "Domus Galilaeana" in Pisa, Italy), and present a preliminary Catalogue of them prepared in collaboration with M.Baldo and R.Mignani. [The present material is mainly taken from our book "Il Caso Majorana: Epistolario, Documenti, Testimonianze" (Mondadori, Milan, 1987,1991; Di Renzo, Rome, 2000-2008): We address to such a book (c/o www.direnzo.it, "Arcobaleno" series) all the readers interested in more and deeper information; as well as, for more technical topics, to the subsequent volumes reproducing e.g. part of the scientific manuscripts left unpublished by Ettore Majorana: see, for instance, the e-print arXiv:0709.1183v1[physics.hist-ph].]
description: LaTeX file, in Italian; 81 pages (replaced with some more info on recent literature and about the existing copyrights). A preliminary version of this article appeared in due time in the Journal indicated below
Revised Constraints on the fast radio burst population from the first CHIME/FRB catalog
Creators: name: Lin, Hai-Nan
name: Zou, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the FRB population using the first CHIME/FRB catalog. We first reconstruct the extragalactic dispersion measure -- redshift relation ($\mathrm{DM_E} - z$ relation) from well-localized FRBs, then use it to infer redshift and isotropic energy of the first CHIME/FRB catalog. The intrinsic energy distribution is modeled by the power law with an exponential cutoff, and the selection effect of the CHIME telescope is modeled by a two-parametric function of specific fluence. For the intrinsic redshift distribution, the star formation history (SFH) model, as well as other five SFH-related models are considered. We construct the joint likelihood of fluence, energy and redshift, and all the free parameters are constrained simultaneously using Bayesian inference method. The Bayesian information criterion (BIC) is used to choose the model that best matches the observational data. For comparison, we fit our models with two data samples, i.e. the Full sample and the Gold sample. The power-law index and cutoff energy are tightly constrained to be $1.8 \lesssim α\lesssim 1.9$ and $\mathrm{log}(E_c/{\rm erg}) \approx 42$, which are almost independent of the redshift distribution model and the data sample we choose. The parameters involving the selection effect strongly depends on the data sample, but are insensitive to the redshift distribution model. According to BIC, the pure SFH model is strongly disfavored by both the Full sample and Gold sample. For the rest five SFH-related redshift distribution models, most of them can match the data well if the parameters are properly chosen. Therefore, with the present data, it is still premature to draw a conclusive conclusion on the FRB population.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
On the spectrum of a Hamiltonian defined on su_q(2) and quantum optical models
Creators: name: Ballesteros, Angel
name: Chumakov, Sergei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytical expressions are given for the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a Hamiltonian with su_q(2) dynamical symmetry. The relevance of such an operator in Quantum Optics is discussed. As an application, the ground state energy in the Dicke model is studied through su_q(2) perturbation theory.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX, content changed
Contrast-Phys+: Unsupervised and Weakly-supervised Video-based Remote Physiological Measurement via Spatiotemporal Contrast
Creators: name: Sun, Zhaodong
name: Li, Xiaobai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Video-based remote physiological measurement utilizes facial videos to measure the blood volume change signal, which is also called remote photoplethysmography (rPPG). Supervised methods for rPPG measurements have been shown to achieve good performance. However, the drawback of these methods is that they require facial videos with ground truth (GT) physiological signals, which are often costly and difficult to obtain. In this paper, we propose Contrast-Phys+, a method that can be trained in both unsupervised and weakly-supervised settings. We employ a 3DCNN model to generate multiple spatiotemporal rPPG signals and incorporate prior knowledge of rPPG into a contrastive loss function. We further incorporate the GT signals into contrastive learning to adapt to partial or misaligned labels. The contrastive loss encourages rPPG/GT signals from the same video to be grouped together, while pushing those from different videos apart. We evaluate our methods on five publicly available datasets that include both RGB and Near-infrared videos. Contrast-Phys+ outperforms the state-of-the-art supervised methods, even when using partially available or misaligned GT signals, or no labels at all. Additionally, we highlight the advantages of our methods in terms of computational efficiency, noise robustness, and generalization. Our code is available at https://github.com/zhaodongsun/contrast-phys.
description: Accepted by TPAMI
D7.1 First Dissemination Plan, Clustering en-gagements & Production of Project Web-site, brochure and leaflet
Creators: name: Bortkiewicz, Anna
name: Lezak, Emil
name: Ducma, Vilma
name: Kramar, Sabina
name: Becherini, Francesca
name: Bernardi, Adriana
name: Di Tuccio, Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: InnoWEE
H2020
dissemination
deliverable
report

description: The "First Dissemination Plan, Clustering engagements & Production of Project Website, brochure and leaflet" is a public document delivered in the context of WP7, Task7.1: "Development of the Dissemination Plan and Networking activities" and Task 7.3: "Communication of project’s results with regard to creation of preliminary dissemination plan, training plan, website and dissemination materials in form of leaflet and brochure". This document is directed to public audiences as well as to external stakeholders in order to show basic information about the project market wisely. This deliverable includes information about the planned trainings and workshops so that the targeted groups are well informed about appearance of project in public. Moreover, it includes all detailed information about communication materials and planned future dissemination actions. The reader can find information about frequency of updates in order to follow the project progress.
Additional file 4: of Smoking is associated with quantifiable differences in the human lung DNA virome and metabolome
Creators: name: Gregory, Ann
name: Sullivan, Matthew
name: Segal, Leopoldo
name: Keller, Brian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S3. Viral pneumotype analysis using SPIEC-EASI to examine ecological associations based on abundance profiles. (DOCX 60 kb)
The classification of static vacuum space-times containing an asymptotically flat spacelike hypersurface with compact interior
Creators: name: Chruściel, Piotr T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove non-existence of static, vacuum, appropriately regular, asymptotically flat black hole space-times with degenerate (not necessarily connected) components of the event horizon. This finishes the classification of static, vacuum, asymptotically flat domains of outer communication in an appropriate class of space-times, showing that the domains of outer communication of the Schwarzschild black holes exhaust the space of appropriately regular black hole exteriors.
description: This version includes an addendum with a corrected proof of non-existence of zeros of the Killing vector at degenerate horizons. A problem with yet another Lemma is pointed out; this problem does not arise if one assumes analyticity of the metric. An alternative solution, that does not require analyticity, has been given in arXiv:1004.0513 [gr-qc] under appropriate global conditions
Motacilla emeria Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Motacillidae
Motacilla
Motacilla emeria

description: Motacilla emeria [spec. nov.]
M. grisea, subtus alba, temporibus uropygioque rubris.
Ruticilla bengalensis. Edw. av. 190. t. 190. Alb. av. 3. p. 52. t. 56.
Habitat in Benghala.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 187, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Quantum electrodynamics of a superconductor-insulator phase transition
Creators: name: Kuzmin, Roman
name: Mencia, Raymond
name: Grabon, Nicholas
name: Mehta, Nitish
name: Lin, Yen-Hsiang
name: Manucharyan, Vladimir E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A chain of Josephson junctions implements one of the simplest many-body models undergoing a superconductor-insulator (SI) quantum phase transition between states with zero and infinite resistance. Apart from zero resistance, the superconducting state is necessarily accompanied by a sound-like mode due to collective oscillations of the phase of the complex-valued order parameter. Exciting this phase mode results in transverse photons propagating along the chain. Surprisingly little is known about the fate of this mode upon entering the insulating state, where the order parameter's amplitude remains non-zero, but the phase ordering is "melted" by quantum fluctuations. Here we report momentum-resolved radio-frequency spectroscopy of collective modes in nanofabricated chains of Al/AlOx/Al tunnel junctions. We find that the phase mode survives remarkably far into the insulating regime, such that $\textrm{M}Ω$-resistance chains carry $\textrm{GHz}$-frequency alternating currents as nearly ideal superconductors. The insulator reveals itself through broadening and random frequency shifts of collective mode resonances, originated from intrinsic interactions. By pushing the chain parameters deeper into the insulating state, we achieved propagation with the speed of light down to $8\times 10^5~\textrm{m/s}$ and the wave impedance up to $23~\textrm{k}Ω$. The latter quantity exceeds the predicted critical impedance by an order of magnitude, which opens the problem of quantum electrodynamics of a Bose glass insulator for both theory and experiment. Notably, the effective fine structure constant of such a 1D vacuum exceeds a unity, promising transformative applications to quantum science and technology.
description: Revised with new experiments and theory
Additional file 1: of A qualitative study to explore the attitudes of women and obstetricians towards caesarean delivery in rural Bangladesh
Creators: name: Begum, Tahmina
name: Ellis, Cathryn
name: Sarker, Malabika
name: Jean-Francois Rostoker
name: Aminur Rahman
name: Anwar, Iqbal
name: Reichenbach, Laura
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Code book. Description of A-priori codes and sub-codes. This file detail out the A-priori code and sub code-list that includes definition, when to use and when not use for each of the codes and sub codes. (PDF 773 kb)
Complex localization mechanisms in networks of coupled oscillators: two case studies
Creators: name: Nicolaou, Zachary G.
name: Bramburger, Jason J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Localized phenomena abound in nature and throughout the physical sciences. Some universal mechanisms for localization have been characterized, such as in the snaking bifurcations of localized steady states in pattern-forming partial differential equations. While much of this understanding has been targeted at steady states, recent studies have noted complex dynamical localization phenomena in systems of coupled oscillators. These localized states can come in the form of symmetry-breaking chimera patterns that exhibit a coexistence of coherence and incoherence in symmetric networks of coupled oscillators and gap solitons emerging in the band gap of parametrically driven networks of oscillators. Here, we report detailed numerical continuations of localized time-periodic states in systems of coupled oscillators, while also documenting the numerous bifurcations they give way to. We find novel routes to localization involving bifurcations of heteroclinic cycles in networks of Janus oscillators and strange bifurcation diagrams resembling chaotic tangles in a parametrically driven array of coupled pendula. We highlight the important role of discrete symmetries and the symmetric branch points that emerge in symmetric models.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Towards a classification of static electro-vacuum space-times containing an asymptotically flat spacelike hypersurface with compact interior
Creators: name: Chruściel, Piotr T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that static electro-vacuum black hole space-times containing an asymptotically flat spacelike hypersurface with compact interior and with both degenerate and non-degenerate components of the event horizon do not exist, under the supplementary hypothesis that all degenerate components of the event horizon have charges of the same sign. This extends previous uniqueness theorems of Simon and Masood-ul-Alam (where only non-degenerate horizons were allowed) and Heusler (where only degenerate horizons were allowed).
description: Reverted to original v1; v2 was a result of a manipulation error, and was meant to be an update to gr-qc/9809088. The problems adressed in the addendum in v2 of gr-qc/9809088 apply also to this paper, and are similarly taken care of by the addendum to gr-qc/9809088, and by the analysis in arXiv:1004.0513 [gr-qc]
Speculations on the Evans-Comay Discussion
Creators: name: Dvoeglazov, Valeri V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Reply to G. W. Bruhn is added.
description: ReVTeX file, 7+1 pp., no figures. The Reply to G. W. Bruhn is added
Motacilla phoenicurus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Motacillidae
Motacilla
Motacilla phoenicurus

description: Motacilla phoenicurus [spec. nov.]
M. gula nigra, abdomine rufo, capite dorsoque cano. Fn. svec. 224.
Ruticilla. Will. orn. 159. Raj. av. 78. n. 5. Alb. av. 1. p. 48. t. 50.
Phoenicurus media, penna caudae subnigra. Frisch. av. t. 20. f. 3.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 187, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Stability analysis of line patterns of an anisotropic interaction model
Creators: name: Carrillo, José A.
name: Düring, Bertram
name: Kreusser, Lisa Maria
name: Schönlieb, Carola-Bibiane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B36, 35Q92, 70F10, 70F45, 82C22

description: Motivated by the formation of fingerprint patterns we consider a class of interacting particle models with anisotropic, repulsive-attractive interaction forces whose orientations depend on an underlying tensor field. This class of models can be regarded as a generalization of a gradient flow of a nonlocal interaction potential which has a local repulsion and a long-range attraction structure. In addition, the underlying tensor field introduces an anisotropy leading to complex patterns which do not occur in isotropic models. Central to this pattern formation are straight line patterns. For a given spatially homogeneous tensor field, we show that there exists a preferred direction of straight lines, i.e.\ straight vertical lines can be stable for sufficiently many particles, while many other rotations of the straight lines are unstable steady states, both for a sufficiently large number of particles and in the continuum limit. For straight vertical lines we consider specific force coefficients for the stability analysis of steady states, show that stability can be achieved for exponentially decaying force coefficients for a sufficiently large number of particles and relate these results to the Kücken-Champod model for simulating fingerprint patterns. The mathematical analysis of the steady states is completed with numerical results.
description: 41 pages
Nine tiny star clusters in Gaia DR1, PS1 and DES
Creators: name: Torrealba, G.
name: Belokurov, V.
name: Koposov, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a systematic Milky Way satellite search performed across an array of publicly available wide-area photometric surveys. Our aim is to complement previous searches by widening the parameter space covered. Specifically, we focus on objects smaller than $1'$ and include old, young, metal poor and metal rich stellar population masks. As a result we find 9 new likely genuine stellar systems in data from GAIA, DES, and Pan-STARRS, which were picked from the candidate list because of conspicuous counterparts in the cut-out images. The presented systems are all very compact ($r_h<1'$) and faint ($M_V\gtrsim-3$), and are associated either with the Galactic disk, or the Magellanic Clouds. While most of the stellar systems look like Open Clusters, their exact classification is, as of today, unclear. With these discoveries, we extend the parameter space occupied by star clusters to sizes and luminosities previously unexplored and demonstrate that rather than two distinct classes of Globular and Open clusters, there appears to be a continuity of objects, unmarked by a clear decision boundary.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, accepted in MNRAS. v1 submitted version; v2 accepted Version
Effects of quintessence dark energy on the action growth and butterfly velocity
Creators: name: Ghaffarnejad, Hossein
name: Farsam, Mohammad
name: Yaraie, Emad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we are about to investigate the effects of quintessence dark energy on evolution of the computational complexity relating to the AdS/CFT correspondence. We use $"complexity=action"$ conjecture for a charged AdS black hole surrounded by the dark energy at the quintessence regime. Then we try to find some conditions on the quintessence parameters where the Lloyd bound is satisfied in presence of affects of the quintessence dark energy on the complexity growth at the late time approximations. We compare late time approximation of the action growth by perturbed geometry in small limits of shift function. Actually we investigate the evolution of complexity when thermofield double state on the boundaries is perturbed by local operator corresponding to a shock wave geometry as holographically. Furthermore we seek spread of local shock wave on the black hole horizon in presence of the quintessence dark energy.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure with some revisions
Additional file 3: of Smoking is associated with quantifiable differences in the human lung DNA virome and metabolome
Creators: name: Gregory, Ann
name: Sullivan, Matthew
name: Segal, Leopoldo
name: Keller, Brian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S2. Viral community composition of phage by host genera across all virome (overall) and in smokers and nonsmokers. (DOCX 35 kb)
Motacilla erithacus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Motacillidae
Motacilla
Motacilla erithacus

description: Motacilla erithacus [spec. nov.]
M. dorso remigibusque cinereis, abdomine rectricibusque rufis: extimis duabus cinereis. Fn. svec. 225.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 187, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Physics of the Majorana-superconducting qubit hybrids
Creators: name: Karki, D. B.
name: Matveev, K. A.
name: Martin, Ivar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Manipulation of decoupled Majorana zero modes (MZMs) could enable topologically-protected quantum computing. However, the practical realization of a large number of perfectly decoupled MZMs needed to perform nontrivial quantum computation has proven to be challenging so far. Fortunately, even a small number of imperfect MZMs can be used to qualitatively extend the behavior of standard superconducting qubits, allowing for new approaches for noise suppression, qubit manipulation and read-out. Such hybrid devices take advantage of interplay of Cooper pair tunneling, coherent single electron tunneling, and Majorana hybridization. Here we provide a qualitative understanding of this system, give analytical results for its ground state energy spanning full parameter range, and describe potential sensing applications enabled by the interplay between Majorana and Cooper pair tunneling.
description: 13 pages
Varieties of sums of powers
Creators: name: Ranestad, Kristian
name: Schreyer, Frank-Olaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M

description: The variety of sums of powers of a homogeneous polynomial of degree d in n variables is defined and investigated in some examples, old and new. These varieties are studied via apolarity and syzygies. Classical results of Sylvester (1851), Hilbert (1888), Dixon and Stuart (1906) and some more recent results of Mukai (1992) are presented together with new results for the cases (n,d)=(3,8), (4,2), (5,3). In the last case the variety of sums of 8 powers of a general cubic form is a Fano 5-fold of index 1 and degree 660.
description: Final published version (Crelle)
L2-determinant class and approximation of L2-Betti numbers
Creators: name: Schick, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58G26 (Primary), 55N25, 55P29 (Secondary)

description: A standing conjecture in L2-cohomology is that every finite CW-complex X is of L2-determinant class. In this paper, we prove this whenever the fundamental group belongs to a large class of groups containing e.g. all extensions of residually finite groups with amenable quotients, all residually amenable groups and free products of these. If, in addition, X is L2-acyclic, we also prove that the L2-determinant is a homotopy invariant. Even in the known cases, our proof of homotopy invariance is much shorter and easier than the previous ones. Under suitable conditions we give new approximation formulas for L2-Betti numbers. Errata are added, rectifying some unproved statements about "amenable extension": throughout, amenable extensions should be extensions with \emph{normal} subgroups.
description: amsLaTeX2e, 26 pages; v2: Errata are added, rectifying some unproved statements about "amenable extension"
Governance mechanism for financial markets: fund concentration and risk-taking in tournament
Creators: name: Phan, Thi Kieu Hoa
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 350208
subject: Investment and risk management

description: This thesis investigates an important but rarely studied area on how fund managers’ asset under management (AUM)-linked motivation may influence fund manager’s risk-taking behaviour in his pursuit to maximize compensation in tournament. This study will investigate a form of risk-taking that has so far been neglected in the literature. By focusing on fund concentration changes as a risk-taking strategy, this study also provides a directly observable metrics that differs from the indirect proxies commonly used in the tournament literature. Using a survivorship free-biased dataset of 216 Chinese equity funds between December 2013 and June 2020, the study documents an intentional risk-taking behaviour of fund managers in the form of increasing the level of fund concentration. The midyear winners in the annual tournament are found to be more likely to take higher risk in the following six months. My evidence also shows that such risk taking in tournament competition is more significant for longer tenure-fund managers, funds in larger FMC size, better macroeconomic conditions, and larger industry size. The thesis documents that raising fund concentration does generate greater net fund inflows. However, the thesis shows that fund concentration reduces fund returns in long terms, thus harming fund investor interests.

This thesis contributes to the literature on fund manager risk behaviour by providing an alternative analytical approach incorporating a newly identified form of risk taking and unique data to shed new light for better understanding how the influence of AUM-linked compensation incentives leads managers to adopt fund concentration strategy to maximize their benefits. This thesis also extends the scope and depth of investigation on how a concentration investment strategy in actively managed funds in the in-house fund governance may perform and what factors are responsible for the performance outcomes. Apart from the contribution to the literature, better understanding and new knowledge will provide valuable insights for fund investors, fund managers and regulators to help make functioning of the fund market more efficient in playing a vital part of a country’s important financial system.
Critique of Protective Measurements
Creators: name: Dass, N. D. Hari
name: Qureshi, Tabish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently proposed idea of "protective" measurement of a quantum state is critically examined, and generalized. Earlier criticisms of the idea are discussed and their relevance to the proposal assessed. Several constraints on measuring apparatus required by "protective" measurements are discussed, with emphasis on how they may restrict their experimental feasibility. Though "protective" measurements result in an unchanged system state and a shift of the pointer proportional to the expectation value of the measured observable in the system state, the actual reading of the pointer position gives rise to several subtleties. We propose several schemes for reading pointer position, both when the apparatus is treated as a classical system as well as when its quantum aspects are taken into account, that address these issues. The tiny entanglement which is always present due to deviation from extreme adiabaticity in realistic situations is argued to be the weakest aspect of the proposal. Because of this, one can never perform a protective measurement on a single quantum system with absolute certainty. This clearly precludes an ontological status for the wave function. Several other conceptual issues are also discussed.
description: 14 pages RevTex, published version with change in title
On the procedure for making a will of patients of medical institutions
Creators: name: Gavrylov, E.V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: will
Civil Code of Ukraine
legal transaction in health care institutions
заповіт
Цивільний кодекс України
правочини у закладах охорони здоров'я

description: In English:    [Gavrylov EV. On the procedure for making a will of patients of medical institutions. Proceedings of the XХ International Scientific and Practical Conference "Modern Science and its Impact on Humanity Development" (Ukraine, Kharkiv, April 30, 2020). Bull KhRIPHS (ISSN 2707-9287), 2020;94(2):44-5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4005655] Keywords: will, Civil Code of Ukraine, legal transaction in health care institutions. Українською:    [Гаврилов ЕВ. Про порядок складання заповіту пацієнтів лікувальних закладів. Матеріали XХ Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції «Сучасна наука та її вплив на розвиток людства» (Україна, м. Харків, 30 квітня 2020). Вісник ХРІПГОЗ (ISSN 2707-9287), 2020;94(2):44-5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4005655] Ключові слова: заповіт, Цивільний кодекс України, правочини у закладах охорони здоров’я.
description: {"references": ["\u0413\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0415\u0412. \u041f\u0440\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0443 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u044e, \u044f\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0456\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0456 \u043e\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432'\u044f. \u0412\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0425\u0420\u0406\u041f\u0413\u041e\u0417 (ISSN 2707-9287), 2020;93(1):58-9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4005460", "\u0426\u0438\u0432\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438, \u0432\u0456\u0434 16.01.2003 \u2116 435-IV, \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0437\u0456 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438 19.06.2003-21.07.2020. \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0420\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 (\u0412\u0412\u0420), 2003, \u2116\u2116 40-44, \u0441\u0442. 356. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/435-15"]}
Many-body interactions between contracting living cells
Creators: name: Golkov, Roman
name: Shokef, Yair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The organization of live cells into tissues and their subsequent biological function involves inter-cell mechanical interactions, which are mediated by their elastic environment. To model this interaction, we consider cells as spherical active force dipoles surrounded by an unbounded elastic matrix. Even though we assume that this elastic medium responds linearly, each cell's regulation of its mechanical activity leads to nonlinearities in the emergent interactions between cells. We study the many-body nature of these interactions by considering several geometries that include three or more cells. We show that for different regulatory behaviors of the cells' activity, the total elastic energy stored in the medium differs from the superposition of all two-body interactions between pairs of cells within the system. Specifically, we find that the many-body interaction energy between cells that regulate their position is smaller than the sum of interactions between all pairs of cells in the system, while for cells that do not regulate their position, the many-body interaction is larger than the superposition prediction. Thus, such higher-order interactions should be considered when studying the mechanics of multiple cells in proximity.
Developing small scale fracture tests for polycrystalline diamond
Creators: name: Sernicola, Giorgio
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Opening ceramics up to a wider range of applications, where their high hardness and high strength are required, necessitates our understanding and improving of their fracture properties. In the last three decades, such improvements have been sought through developing our understanding of toughening mechanisms, typically involving microstructure control that focuses on crack deflection and grain bridging at grain boundaries and interfaces. However, these are often difficult to engineer, as changing microstructural processing (e.g. through heat treatment, chemistry or powder processing) does not result in a one-to-one correlation with performance, since the influence of microstructure on crack path is varied and complex. Recent developments on characterisation at the micro-scale therefore present an opportunity to broaden our understanding of the role of individual factors on the bulk performance. To investigate the fracture properties of individual features (i.e. individual crystallographic planes, grain boundaries or interfaces), a testing method was developed. This approach is based on the double cantilever wedging to measure the fracture energy change during stable crack growth and was successfully applied at the micron scale inside a scanning electron microscope. Direct view of the crack growth in the sample and measurement of the energy absorbed during fracture, without use of load-displacement data, is afforded through the combination of a stable test geometry with an image based analysis strategy. In addition to these precise tests, characterisation of the role of microstructure on crack paths in polycrystalline metal-ceramic composites was carried out. The focus has been on using high angular resolution electron backscatter diffraction combined with microindentation, to correlate intragranular residual stress gradients, due to thermal expansion mismatches, to crack deflection. Fracture energy of individual crystallographic planes and interfaces was measured in both brittle and brittle/ductile systems. In addition, local residual stresses and microstructure in diamond were related to fracture path.
PCAS: Pruning Channels with Attention Statistics for Deep Network Compression
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Kohei
name: Maeno, Kurato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Compression techniques for deep neural networks are important for implementing them on small embedded devices. In particular, channel-pruning is a useful technique for realizing compact networks. However, many conventional methods require manual setting of compression ratios in each layer. It is difficult to analyze the relationships between all layers, especially for deeper models. To address these issues, we propose a simple channel-pruning technique based on attention statistics that enables to evaluate the importance of channels. We improved the method by means of a criterion for automatic channel selection, using a single compression ratio for the entire model in place of per-layer model analysis. The proposed approach achieved superior performance over conventional methods with respect to accuracy and the computational costs for various models and datasets. We provide analysis results for behavior of the proposed criterion on different datasets to demonstrate its favorable properties for channel pruning.
description: Accepted at BMVC 2019 (Oral)
Lp-Lq Fourier multipliers on locally compact groups
Creators: name: Akylzhanov, Rauan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: We study the Lp − Lq boundedness of both spectral and Fourier multi- pliers on general locally compact separable unimodular groups G. As a consequence of the established Fourier multiplier theorem we also derive a spectral multiplier theorem on general locally compact separable uni- modular groups. We then apply it to obtain embedding theorems as well as time-asymptotics for the Lp − Lq norms of the heat kernels for general positive unbounded invariant operators on G. We illustrate the obtained results for sub-Laplacians on compact Lie groups and on the Heisenberg group, as well as for higher order operators. With minor modificaitons, our proofs of Paley-type inequalities and Lp − Lq bounds of Fourier multipliers can be adapted to the setting of compact homogeneous manifolds.
A multi-centre randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) on blood and myocardial biomarkers of stress and injury-related signalling in patients having isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or aortic valve replacement (AVR) using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)
Creators: name: Moscarelli, Marco
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Objective: To compare markers of cardiac injury, inflammatory and oxidative responses, and myocardial cellular changes in the left and right ventricles of patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or aortic valve replacement (AVR) using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and cardioplegic arrest with or without remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC). Methods: Two conditions were studied for each surgical stratum (CABG or AVR): (a) no RIPC and (b) RIPC following anaesthesia and before sternotomy. The control group (no RIPC) represented standard clinical practice. Left and right ventricular biopsies were collected before CPB and at the end of ischaemic cardioplegic arrest. Blood samples were collected before, during, and after the operation. Results: Between March 2012 and April 2014, 124 patients agreed to participate in the study; 64 and 60 patients formed the CABG and AVR populations, respectively, and were randomised to receive RIPC or sham treatment. There were no differences in troponin release between groups (geometric mean ratio 0.92 (0.75,1.10), p=0.9; and 0.9 (0.35,1.44), p=0.65 CABG and AVR respectively). The postoperative course in each group was similar with no mortality. There were no significant differences in phosphorylation potential or energy charge in left and right ventricle biopsies or in circulating inflammatory markers between groups. No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusions: RIPC did not confer significant cardioprotection as measured by troponin I release. This result was possibly related to the inability of the study to stratify anaesthesia regimens. Both RIPC and Tru-Cut ventricle biopsy procedures were safe.
The linear stability of the Schwarzschild solution to gravitational perturbations in the generalised wave gauge
Creators: name: Johnson, Thomas William
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: We prove in this thesis that the Schwarzschild family of black holes are linearly stable as solutions to the Einstein vacuum equations as expressed in a generalised wave gauge: all sufficiently regular solutions to the system of equations that result from linearising the Einstein vacuum equations, as expressed in a generalised wave gauge, about a fixed Schwarzschild solution remain uniformly bounded on the Schwarzschild exterior region and in fact decay to a member of the linearised Kerr family. The dispersion is at an inverse polynomial rate and therefore in principle sufficient for future nonlinear applications. The result thus fits into the wider goal of establishing the full nonlinear stability of the exterior Kerr family as solutions to the Einstein vacuum equations by employing a generalised wave gauge.
Regular spherical dust spacetimes
Creators: name: Humphreys, Neil
name: Maartens, Roy
name: Matravers, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physical (and weak) regularity conditions are used to determine and classify all the possible types of spherically symmetric dust spacetimes in general relativity. This work unifies and completes various earlier results. The junction conditions are described for general non-comoving (and non-null) surfaces, and the limits of kinematical quantities are given on all comoving surfaces where there is Darmois matching. We show that an inhomogeneous generalisation of the Kantowski-Sachs metric may be joined to the Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi metric. All the possible spacetimes are explicitly divided into four groups according to topology, including a group in which the spatial sections have the topology of a 3-torus. The recollapse conjecture (for these spacetimes) follows naturally in this approach.
description: Minor improvements, additional references. Accepted by GRG
Motacilla titys Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Motacillidae
Motacilla
Motacilla titys

description: Motacilla titys [spec. nov.]
M. remigibus nigricantibus, rectricibus rufis: intermedio pari nigro extrorsum rufescente. Fn. svec. 227.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 187, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Materials design & modification for a three dimensional hollow fibres bioreactor for the production of blood cells
Creators: name: Tahlawi, Asma Abdulaziz
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: One of the World Health Organization’s biggest concerns is meeting blood demand while ensuring safety and despite the efforts of world blood banks, the gap between supply through donations and demand continues to widen (Nolan, 2017). Hence, a practical and cost-effective alternative to conventional blood donation is essential to meet the demand and reduce patient risks. Previous attempts to recruit blood stem cells to produce blood cells in platforms have achieved limited success specifically in areas of cell-platform interaction, perfusion, and cell harvest. The PhD thesis presented here is aimed at bringing the Bone Marrow (BM) mimicry Bioreactor (BR) developed and patented by BioBlood project closer to physiological representation of the natural human BM niche which hosts blood cells production. This is achieved by focusing on modification and optimization of the synthetic materials used in the bioreactor. Firstly, the polyurethane (PU) scaffold which mimics the BM microenvironment and modulates cell expansion and fate. Secondly, the alumina hollow fibres (HF) representing the vascular system of BM which regulate nutrients and cellular constituents while harvesting mature blood cells. To augment PU bio-functionality and optimize signalling/interaction between cells and scaffold, a novel protocol of RGD surface modification of PU was developed targeting enhancing: cell adhesion, cellular infiltration, and differentiation into blood cell lineages. Adhesion of human umbilical stem cells (hUSC) was improved by more than 85% in RGD-modified PU scaffolds, whereas cell penetration was increased by 4-folds. Alumina hollow fibres’ (HF) structural and filtration characteristics, on the other hand, were improved to support a higher yield and purity of harvested RBC through manipulation and optimization of fabrication parameters. HF improved purity of harvested RBC from 30% to 80% and supported a 1.6 fold increase in cellular density when incorporated in a PU-bioreactor. Combining the two optimized materials in the 3D bioreactor (BR) set-up envisioned to support increased production and selective harvesting of clinically relevant quantities of red blood cells.