cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Calibrated Model-Based Deep Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Malik, Ali
name: Kuleshov, Volodymyr
name: Song, Jiaming
name: Nemer, Danny
name: Seymour, Harlan
name: Ermon, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Estimates of predictive uncertainty are important for accurate model-based planning and reinforcement learning. However, predictive uncertainties---especially ones derived from modern deep learning systems---can be inaccurate and impose a bottleneck on performance. This paper explores which uncertainties are needed for model-based reinforcement learning and argues that good uncertainties must be calibrated, i.e. their probabilities should match empirical frequencies of predicted events. We describe a simple way to augment any model-based reinforcement learning agent with a calibrated model and show that doing so consistently improves planning, sample complexity, and exploration. On the \textsc{HalfCheetah} MuJoCo task, our system achieves state-of-the-art performance using 50\% fewer samples than the current leading approach. Our findings suggest that calibration can improve the performance of model-based reinforcement learning with minimal computational and implementation overhead.
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking for Scalar QED with Non-minimal Chern-Simons Coupling
Creators: name: Irvine, D. S.
name: Carrington, M. E.
name: Kunstatter, G.
name: Pickering, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the two-loop effective potential for both minimally and non-minimally coupled Maxwell-Chern-Simons theories. The non-minimal gauge interaction represents the magnetic moment interaction between a charged scalar and the electromagnetic field. In a previous paper we have shown that the two loop effective potential for this model is renormalizable with an appropriate choice of the non-minimal coupling constant. We carry out a detailed analysis of the spontaneous symmetry breaking induced by radiative corrections. As long as the renormalization point for all couplings is chosen to be the true minimum of the effective potential, both models predict the presence of spontaneous symmetry breaking. Two loop corrections are small compared to the one loop result, and thus the symmetry breaking is perturbatively stable.
description: Revtex 25 pages, 9 figures
Pomadasys incisus
Creators: name: Edwards, A. J.
name: Gill, A. C.
name: Abohweyere, P. O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Haemulidae
Pomadasys
Pomadasys incisus

description: Pomadasys incisus (Bowdich, 1825)
 Reference material. Accra, January 1930 (Irvine 30); Accra, March 1930 (?) (Irvine 57)— BMNH 1930.8.26.31 (one: 119 mm SL); Accra, September 1938 (Irvine 342)— BMNH 1939.7.12.18 (one: 180 mm SL).
 Distribution. Western Mediterranean and eastern Atlantic from Morocco to Angola including the offshore islands (Quéro et al., 1990).
description: Published as part of Edwards, A. J., Gill, A. C. & Abohweyere, P. O., 2003, A revision of F. R. Irvine's Ghanaian marine fishes in the collections of The Natural History Museum, London, pp. 2213-2267 in Journal of Natural History 37 (18) on page 2242, DOI: 10.1080/00222930210138359, http://zenodo.org/record/5263410
Pinch Technique and the Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism
Creators: name: Binosi, Daniele
name: Papavassiliou, Joannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we take the first step towards a non-diagrammatic formulation of the Pinch Technique. In particular we proceed into a systematic identification of the parts of the one-loop and two-loop Feynman diagrams that are exchanged during the pinching process in terms of unphysical ghost Green's functions; the latter appear in the standard Slavnov-Taylor identity satisfied by the tree-level and one-loop three-gluon vertex. This identification allows for the consistent generalization of the intrinsic pinch technique to two loops, through the collective treatment of entire sets of diagrams, instead of the laborious algebraic manipulation of individual graphs, and sets up the stage for the generalization of the method to all orders. We show that the task of comparing the effective Green's functions obtained by the Pinch Technique with those computed in the background field method Feynman gauge is significantly facilitated when employing the powerful quantization framework of Batalin and Vilkovisky. This formalism allows for the derivation of a set of useful non-linear identities, which express the Background Field Method Green's functions in terms of the conventional (quantum) ones and auxiliary Green's functions involving the background source and the gluonic anti-field; these latter Green's functions are subsequently related by means of a Schwinger-Dyson type of equation to the ghost Green's functions appearing in the aforementioned Slavnov-Taylor identity.
description: 45 pages, uses axodraw; typos corrected, one figure changed, final version to appear in Phys.Rev.D
Additional file 1 of A Dirichlet-multinomial mixed model for determining differential abundance of mutational signatures
Creators: name: Morrill Gavarró, Lena
name: Couturier, Dominique-Laurent
name: Markowetz, Florian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Supplementary file 1.
Bayesian graphical compositional regression for microbiome data
Creators: name: Mao, Jialiang
name: Chen, Yuhan
name: Ma, Li
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: An important task in microbiome studies is to test the existence of and give characterization to differences in the microbiome composition across groups of samples. Important challenges of this problem include the large within-group heterogeneities among samples and the existence of potential confounding variables that, when ignored, increase the chance of false discoveries and reduce the power for identifying true differences. We propose a probabilistic framework to overcome these issues by combining three ideas: (i) a phylogenetic tree-based decomposition of the cross-group comparison problem into a series of local tests, (ii) a graphical model that links the local tests to allow information sharing across taxa, and (iii) a Bayesian testing strategy that incorporates covariates and integrates out the within-group variation, avoiding potentially unstable point estimates. With the proposed method, we analyze the American Gut data to compare the gut microbiome composition of groups of participants with different dietary habits. Our analysis shows that (i) the frequency of consuming fruit, seafood, vegetable and whole grain are closely related to the gut microbiome composition and (ii) the conclusion of the analysis can change drastically when different sets of relevant covariates are adjusted, indicating the necessity of carefully selecting and including possible confounders in the analysis when comparing microbiome compositions with data from observational studies.
A microscopic framework for dynamical supersymmetry in nuclei
Creators: name: Cejnar, Pavel
name: Geyer, Hendrik B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss and explore new aspects of the generalized Dyson mapping of nuclear collective superalgebras composed of an arbitrary fermion-pair algebra and a set of single-fermion creation/annihilation operators. It is shown that a direct consequence of the particular mapping procedure is the conservation of the total number of ideal particles in the resulting boson-fermion system. This provides a microscopic framework for the phenomenological supersymmetric models based on the U(6/2Omega) dynamical superalgebras. Attention is paid to the mapping of single-fermion creation and annihilation operators whose detailed form cannot be determined on the phenomenological level. We derive the general expansion of the single-fermion images that result from the similarity transformation employed to ensure non-redundant bosonisation in the ideal space. The method is then illustrated in an application to the SO(4) collective algebra, a natural extension of the SU(2) seniority model.
description: REVTeX, 17 pages, no figure, submitted to Physical Review C
Additional file 9 of New insights of the correlation between AXIN2 polymorphism and cancer risk and susceptibility: evidence from 72 studies
Creators: name: Li, Xi
name: Li, Yiming
name: Liu, Guodong
name: Wu, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 9 : Figure S8. Meta-analysis ofAXIN2-rs4072245 polymorphism and overall cancer risk in 3 genetic models.
Mid-Infrared Imaging of the Protostellar Binary L1448N--IRS3(A,B)
Creators: name: Ciardi, David R.
name: Williams, Jonathan P.
name: Telesco, Charles M.
name: Fisher, R. Scott
name: Packham, Chris
name: Pina, Robert
name: Radomski, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mid-infrared (10-25 \micron) imaging of the protostellar binary system L1448N-IRS3(A,B) is presented. Only one source, IRS3(A), was detected at mid-infrared wavelengths -- all of the mid-infrared emission from IRS3(A,B) emanates from IRS3(A). The mid-infrared luminosity of IRS3(A) is $L_{midir} = 1.3(\frac{d}{300\rm{pc}})^2 L_\sun$, which yields a central source mass, depending on the mass infall rate, of $M_* = 0.2 M_\sun \frac{10^{-6}M_\sun yr^{-1}}{\dot M}$. The envelope mass surrounding IRS3(A) is $\sim 0.15 M_\sun$, suggesting that the central source and the envelope are of comparable mass. The locations of IRS3(A) and IRS3(B) on an $M_{env} - L_{bol}$ diagram indicate that IRS3(A) and IRS3(B) appear to be class I and class 0 protostars, respectively.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Brachydeuterus auritus Valenciennes 1831
Creators: name: Edwards, A. J.
name: Gill, A. C.
name: Abohweyere, P. O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Haemulidae
Brachydeuterus
Brachydeuterus auritus

description: Brachydeuterus auritus Valenciennes, 1831
 Reference material. Locality? (Irvine 52)— BMNH 1930.8.26.36–38 (four: 54.2–90.9 mm SL); Prampram, May 1930 (Irvine 93)— BMNH 1930.8.26.39–40 (two: 115.2, 129.4 mm SL); locality? (Irvine 157)— BMNH 1934.10.10.13–14 (two: 123.3, 139.4 mm SL).
 Distribution. Coast of tropical West Africa from Mauritania to Angola: entering estuaries (Quéro et al., 1990).
On average about 23 000 tonnes of this species are caught in the region each year (FAO, 2000), making it an important fishery species.
description: Published as part of Edwards, A. J., Gill, A. C. & Abohweyere, P. O., 2003, A revision of F. R. Irvine's Ghanaian marine fishes in the collections of The Natural History Museum, London, pp. 2213-2267 in Journal of Natural History 37 (18) on page 2242, DOI: 10.1080/00222930210138359, http://zenodo.org/record/5263410
Spontaneous emission of color centers at 4eV in hexagonal boron nitride under hydrostatic pressure
Creators: name: Koronski, Kamil
name: Kaminska, Agata
name: Zhigadlo, Nikolai D.
name: Elias, Christine
name: Cassabois, Guillaume
name: Gil, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light emission properties of color centers emitting in 3.3-4 eV region are investigated for hydrostatic pressures ranging up to 5GPa at liquid helium temperature. The light emission energy decreases with pressure less sensitively than the bandgap. This behavior at variance from the shift of the bandgap is typical of deep traps. Interestingly, hydrostatic pressure reveals the existence of levels that vary differently under pressure (smaller increase of the emission wavelength compared to the rest of the levels in this energy region or even decrease of it) with pressure. This discovery enriches the physics of the color centers operating in the UV in hBN.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
CP Violation, Neutrino Mixing and the Baryon Asymmetry
Creators: name: Buchmuller, W.
name: Wyler, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study neutrino masses and mixings based on the simplest SO(10) mass relations and the seesaw mechanism. We find that the requirement of large neutrino mixings determines the relative magnitude of the heavy Majorana neutrino masses in terms of the known quark mass hierarchy. This leads to specific predictions for the structure of the neutrino mixing matrix, the light neutrino masses, CP violation in neutrino oscillations, neutrinoless double b-decay and the baryon asymmetry.
description: plain Latex, 11 pages, no figures
Economic geography and human capital accumulation in Turkey: evidence from micro-data
Creators: name: Karahasan, Burhan Can
name: Fırat Bilgel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: This study examines the impact of market access on human capital accumulation in Turkey. Using individual-level data, the analysis explores the background of human capital accumulation, combining market accessibility, wages and human capital development. Upon the treatment of wages as an endogenous covariate of interest and overtime work as an exogenous source of variation, we find evidence that the impact of market access on human capital development vanishes in ways not predicted by the augmented New Economic Geography set-up for human capital accumulation. Findings confirm that economic policies may be effective in reducing regional variation in human capital endowments.
Supplementary Tables.pdf
Creators: name: Headrick, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110201 Cardiology (incl. Cardiovascular Diseases)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary tables for publication submitted by Budiono et al to Am J Physiol (Heart Circ Physiol)
Additional file 1 of Effectiveness of referral to a population-level telephone coaching service for improving health risk behaviours in people with a mental health condition: a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Hanly, Grace
name: Campbell, Elizabeth
name: Bartlem, Kate
name: Dray, Julia
name: Fehily, Caitlin
name: Colyvas, Kim
name: Reynolds, Tahlia
name: Davidson, Sandy
name: Jeong, Sarah Yeun-Sim
name: Wiggers, John
name: Wolfenden, Luke
name: Bowman, Jenny
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
TextCaps : Handwritten Character Recognition with Very Small Datasets
Creators: name: Jayasundara, Vinoj
name: Jayasekara, Sandaru
name: Jayasekara, Hirunima
name: Rajasegaran, Jathushan
name: Seneviratne, Suranga
name: Rodrigo, Ranga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many localized languages struggle to reap the benefits of recent advancements in character recognition systems due to the lack of substantial amount of labeled training data. This is due to the difficulty in generating large amounts of labeled data for such languages and inability of deep learning techniques to properly learn from small number of training samples. We solve this problem by introducing a technique of generating new training samples from the existing samples, with realistic augmentations which reflect actual variations that are present in human hand writing, by adding random controlled noise to their corresponding instantiation parameters. Our results with a mere 200 training samples per class surpass existing character recognition results in the EMNIST-letter dataset while achieving the existing results in the three datasets: EMNIST-balanced, EMNIST-digits, and MNIST. We also develop a strategy to effectively use a combination of loss functions to improve reconstructions. Our system is useful in character recognition for localized languages that lack much labeled training data and even in other related more general contexts such as object recognition.
Additional file 2 of Effectiveness of referral to a population-level telephone coaching service for improving health risk behaviours in people with a mental health condition: a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Hanly, Grace
name: Campbell, Elizabeth
name: Bartlem, Kate
name: Dray, Julia
name: Fehily, Caitlin
name: Colyvas, Kim
name: Reynolds, Tahlia
name: Davidson, Sandy
name: Jeong, Sarah Yeun-Sim
name: Wiggers, John
name: Wolfenden, Luke
name: Bowman, Jenny
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Umbrina canariensis Valenciennes 1843
Creators: name: Edwards, A. J.
name: Gill, A. C.
name: Abohweyere, P. O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Sciaenidae
Umbrina
Umbrina canariensis

description: Umbrina canariensis Valenciennes, 1843
 Reference material. Accra, February 1930 (Irvine 54)— BMNH 1930.8.30.5 (one: 163 mm SL), BMNH 1930.3.24.14 (one: 152 mm SL).
 Distribution. Coast of tropical West Africa from Morocco to Angola (Quéro et al., 1990). Also found in the western Mediterranean and along coast of Europe northwards to the Bay of Biscay (Bauchot, 1966a).
description: Published as part of Edwards, A. J., Gill, A. C. & Abohweyere, P. O., 2003, A revision of F. R. Irvine's Ghanaian marine fishes in the collections of The Natural History Museum, London, pp. 2213-2267 in Journal of Natural History 37 (18) on page 2244, DOI: 10.1080/00222930210138359, http://zenodo.org/record/5263410
A note on the classification of Gamma factors
Creators: name: Sasyk, Román
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L36, 03E15, 37A15

description: One of the earliest invariants introduced in the study of finite von Neumann algebras is the property Gamma of Murray and von Neumann. In this note we prove that it is not possible to classify separable $\rm{II}_1$ factors satisfying the property Gamma up to isomorphism by a Borel measurable assignment of countable structures as invariants. We also show that the same holds true for the full $\rm{II}_1$ factors.
description: Old paper from 2015 that appeared in Revista de la Uni\'on Matem\'atica Argentina
Dynamical behavior of spatially inhomogeneous relativistic $λϕ^4$ quantum field theory in the Hartree approximation
Creators: name: Bettencourt, Luis M. A.
name: Pao, Karen
name: Sanderson, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of a spatially inhomogeneous quantum $λϕ^4$ field theory in 1+1 dimensions in the Hartree approximation. In particular, we investigate the long-time behavior of this approximation in a variety of controlled situations, both at zero and finite temperature. The observed behavior is much richer than that in the spatially homogeneous case. Nevertheless, we show that the fields fail to thermalize in a canonical sense, as expected from analogous results in closely related (mean field) transport theory. We argue that this dynamical approximation is best suited as a means to study the short-time decay of spatially inhomogeneous fields and in the dynamics of coherent quasi-classical inhomogeneous configurations (e.g. solitons) in a background of dynamical self-consistent quantum fluctuations.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, uses Revtex
The large gamma-ray flare of the FSRQ PKS 0346-27
Creators: name: Angioni, R.
name: Nesci, R.
name: Finke, J. D.
name: Buson, S.
name: Ciprini, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we characterize the first $γ$-ray flaring episode of the FSRQ PKS 0346-27 (z=0.991), as revealed by Fermi-LAT monitoring data, and the concurrent multi-wavelength variability observed from radio through X-rays. The quasi-simultaneous multi-wavelength coverage allowed us to construct time-resolved spectral energy distributions (SEDs). PKS 0346-27 entered an elevated $γ$-ray activity state starting from the beginning of 2018. The high-state continued throughout the year, displaying the highest fluxes in May 2018. We find evidence of short-time scale variability down to $\sim$1.5 hours, which constrains the $γ$-ray emission region to be compact. The extended flaring period was characterized by a persistently harder spectrum with respect to the quiescent state, indicating changes in the broadband spectral properties of the source. This was confirmed by the multi-wavelength observations, which show a shift in the position of the two SED peaks by $\sim$2 orders of magnitude in energy and peak flux value. As a result, during the high state the non-thermal jet emission completely outshines the thermal contribution from the dust torus and accretion disk. The broadband SED of PKS 0346-27 transitions from a typical Low-Synchrotron-Peaked (LSP) to the Intermediate-Synchrotron-Peaked (ISP) class, a behavior previously observed in other flaring $γ$-ray sources. Our one-zone leptonic emission model of the high-state SEDs constrains the $γ$-ray emission region to have a lower magnetic field, larger radius, and higher maximum electron Lorentz factors with respect to the quiescent SED. Finally, we note that the bright and hard $γ$-ray spectrum observed during the peak of flaring activity in May 2018 implies that PKS 0346-27 could be a promising target for future ground-based Cherenkov observatories such as the CTA.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Additional file 3: of Involvement of tumor necrosis factor alpha in steroid-associated osteonecrosis of the femoral head: friend or foe?
Creators: name: Fang, Bin
name: Wang, Ding
name: Zheng, Jiaqian
name: Wei, Qiushi
name: Zhan, Dongxiang
name: Liu, Yamei
name: Yang, Xuesong
name: Wang, Haibin
name: Li, Gang
name: He, Wei
name: Xu, Liangliang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S3. Specific primers for bisulfite sequencing PCR and ChIP-PCR. (DOCX 15 kb)
Scalable Verification of Probabilistic Networks
Creators: name: Smolka, Steffen
name: Kumar, Praveen
name: Kahn, David M
name: Foster, Nate
name: Hsu, Justin
name: Kozen, Dexter
name: Silva, Alexandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents McNetKAT, a scalable tool for verifying probabilistic network programs. McNetKAT is based on a new semantics for the guarded and history-free fragment of Probabilistic NetKAT in terms of finite-state, absorbing Markov chains. This view allows the semantics of all programs to be computed exactly, enabling construction of an automatic verification tool. Domain-specific optimizations and a parallelizing backend enable McNetKAT to analyze networks with thousands of nodes, automatically reasoning about general properties such as probabilistic program equivalence and refinement, as well as networking properties such as resilience to failures. We evaluate McNetKAT's scalability using real-world topologies, compare its performance against state-of-the-art tools, and develop an extended case study on a recently proposed data center network design.
description: extended version with appendix
Additional file 3 of Effectiveness of referral to a population-level telephone coaching service for improving health risk behaviours in people with a mental health condition: a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Hanly, Grace
name: Campbell, Elizabeth
name: Bartlem, Kate
name: Dray, Julia
name: Fehily, Caitlin
name: Colyvas, Kim
name: Reynolds, Tahlia
name: Davidson, Sandy
name: Jeong, Sarah Yeun-Sim
name: Wiggers, John
name: Wolfenden, Luke
name: Bowman, Jenny
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3.
Comparison of combustion duration and end-gas autoignition in inwardly and outwardly propagating flames induced by different ignition configurations
Creators: name: Yang, Linlin
name: Wang, Yiqing
name: Chen, Zheng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Recently, multiple spark ignition has received great attention since it helps to increase thermal efficiency and to reduce misfire in engines. Multiple spark ignition also affects the combustion duration and thereby it can be used for knock control. However, previous studies reported opposite trends in terms of how multiple spark ignition affects engine knock. This work aims to assess and interpret the influence of flame propagation direction induced by different ignition configurations on combustion duration and end-gas autoignition/engine knock. Two simplified and idealised ignition configurations are studied theoretically and numerically. One is with infinite number of sparks at side circular wall, which induces an inwardly propagating flame (IPF); and the other is with a single central spark, which induces an outwardly propagating flame (OPF). In the asymptotic theoretical analysis, the canonical 1D formulations for IPF and OPF are reduced to 0D model. Based on the 0D model, OPF and IPF at different initial temperatures are studied and compared. Counterintuitively, it is found that the combustion duration of OPF is shorter than that of IPF when there is no end-gas autoignition. On the other hand, the combustion duration of IPF is shorter than that of OPF when end-gas autoignition occurs. Furthermore, end-gas autoignition is found to be more prone to occur in IPF than OPF. These interesting observations are interpreted through assessing the ignition delay time and different components of the absolute flame propagation speed. The theoretical results are validated by transient simulations considering detailed chemistry and transport which are conducted for IPF and OPF in an iso-octane/air mixture at different initial temperatures and pressures. Both theoretical and numerical results suggest that compared to infinite number of ignition sparks at side wall, the single central ignition has the advantages in shortening the combustion duration and reducing the tendency of end-gas autoignition.
Analyses of protein cores reveal fundamental differences between solution and crystal structures
Creators: name: Mei, Zhe
name: Treado, John D.
name: Grigas, Alex T.
name: Levine, Zachary A.
name: Regan, Lynne
name: O'Hern, Corey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There have been several studies suggesting that protein structures solved by NMR spectroscopy and x-ray crystallography show significant differences. To understand the origin of these differences, we assembled a database of high-quality protein structures solved by both methods. We also find significant differences between NMR and crystal structures---in the root-mean-square deviations of the C$_α$ atomic positions, identities of core amino acids, backbone and sidechain dihedral angles, and packing fraction of core residues. In contrast to prior studies, we identify the physical basis for these differences by modelling protein cores as jammed packings of amino-acid-shaped particles. We find that we can tune the jammed packing fraction by varying the degree of thermalization used to generate the packings. For an athermal protocol, we find that the average jammed packing fraction is identical to that observed in the cores of protein structures solved by x-ray crystallography. In contrast, highly thermalized packing-generation protocols yield jammed packing fractions that are even higher than those observed in NMR structures. These results indicate that thermalized systems can pack more densely than athermal systems, which suggests a physical basis for the structural differences between protein structures solved by NMR and x-ray crystallography.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Arianops alticola Barr 1974
Creators: name: Carlton, Christopher E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Arianops
Arianops alticola

description: Arianops alticola Barr
 Material examined (n 5 1). / USA: NC, Transylvania Co., 0.3 mi W Devils Cthse. [Devils Courthouse, a rock outcrop], 5430 ft., 6-VIII-1970 / u. rocks, T. C. Barr & H. R. Steeves / 1 ♀. Deposited Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL.
 Comments. This female is part of a series of specimens that Barr (1974, p. 22) discussed, but did not include in his type series. I mention it here because of an unusual, dried, sac-like structure that extends from the abdomen of the specimen (Fig. 41). I believe this is the internal sac of a male that had previously mated with this female. If this interpretation is correct, the event could represent an occasional, accidental occurrence. But, it might be a normal consequence of mating, in which case, male and female members of this species probably only mate once in their lifetime, and the detached internal sac might function as a post-mating reproductive barrier (i.e., ‘‘mating plug’’ sensu Fromhage and Schneider 2006).
description: Published as part of Carlton, Christopher E., 2008, Eight New Species ofArianopsBrendel from the Southeastern United States with an Updated Key and Notes on Additional Species (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae), pp. 297-323 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 62 (2) on pages 297-323, DOI: 10.1649/1082.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5370086
Learning from Dispersive Effects in the Nucleon Polarisabilities
Creators: name: Griesshammer, Harald W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cartoon is drawn how and why to define and extract the energy dependence of the nucleon polarisabilities from low energy Compton scattering on the nucleon. The information dynamical polarisabilities contain about the low energy degrees of freedom inside the nucleon is extracted by comparing the chiral effective field theory calculation with dispersion theory results. Dynamical polarisabilities do not contain more or less information than the corresponding Compton scattering amplitudes, but as with any multipole decomposition, the facts are more readily accessible and easier to interpret. Stringent constraints for models and model-independent power countings of a low energy effective field theory of the nucleon follow from their analysis.
description: 5 pages LaTeX2e with 2 figures, using includegraphicx (3 .eps files) and ws-p8-50x6-00.cls (World Scientific conference template, included). Talk held at Baryons 2002, JLab, Newport News (USA), 4-8 March 2002. Final version, to be published in the proceedings. Minor corrections and update of figures
Arianops digitata Barr 1974
Creators: name: Carlton, Christopher E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Arianops
Arianops digitata

description: Arianops digitata Barr
 Material examined (n 5 2). / U.S.A.: TN: Sevier Co.: GSMNP, Buckeye Nature Trail, under rock, 3 Apr. 2007, V. Bayless /. 1 Oi. Deposited Louisiana State Arthropod Museum (LSAM). U.S.A.: /TN: Sevier Co.: GSMNP, near Visitor Center at Little Pigeon River, sifted litter, 18 Jul. 2003, J. F. Cornell. 1 ♀. JFC003- VII-18-1A./ J. F. Cornell personal collection.
 Comments. This species was previously known only from the type series (four specimens, Barr 1974). The male specimen collected by Bayless was from the type locality referred to by Barr as the ‘‘Buckeye Nature Trail.’’ This area no longer contains a formally recognized trail, but is a popular pull off and wildflower spot on the main road through GSMNP. The female collected by Cornell is from near the GSMNP north entrance Visitor Center, and represents a range extension of about 6 km north of the type locality. It agrees in all non-sex dependent characters with the description and the male from the type locality. James Cornell (pers. comm.) provided the following supplementary information from his field notes: ‘‘ This was a small collection of streamside debris along the river right up from the main Park center where we met for the Blitz that year. It was fairly dry, sifted and brought back to berlese here. The pull off is just inside the park on the Gatlinburg Side and leads to a hiking trail along the little Pigeon River …’’
This species was also listed by Dajoz (2005) as occurring at a locality referred to as ‘‘Baxter Cabin.’’ This cabin is located a short distance from the north park boundary approximately 25 km ENE of the type locality. I have not seen the Dajoz specimen (s), and so cannot comment on the veracity of the report. Attempts to collect specimens from the Baxter Cabin locality during several visits have thus far been unsuccessful.
description: Published as part of Carlton, Christopher E., 2008, Eight New Species ofArianopsBrendel from the Southeastern United States with an Updated Key and Notes on Additional Species (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae), pp. 297-323 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 62 (2) on pages 297-323, DOI: 10.1649/1082.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5370086
Additional file 1 of Sex differences in the association of Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers and cognition in a multicenter memory clinic study
Creators: name: Boccalini, Cecilia
name: Peretti, Debora Elisa
name: Scheffler, Max
name: Mu, Linjing
name: Griffa, Alessandra
name: Testart, Nathalie
name: Allali, Gilles
name: Prior, John O.
name: Ashton, Nicholas J.
name: Zetterberg, Henrik
name: Blennow, Kaj
name: Frisoni, Giovanni B.
name: Garibotto, Valentina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Neuroscience
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Regional informal institutions, local governance and gendered entrepreneurship
Creators: name: Nguyen, Bach
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: This study investigates the impacts of regional informal institutions and local governance arrangements on the revenue growth of both male- and female-run firms in Vietnam. Utilizing institutional theory and the literature on feminism, we argue that male- and female-run firms are responsive to different sets of institutions. Analysing more than 1.1 million observations in 11 years (2006–16), we find that female-run firms benefit from collective action norms and non-finance-related governance forces, while male-run firms perform better under pro-entrepreneurship norms and finance-related governance forces.
Additional file 3 of Extracellular vesicles-derived microRNA-222 promotes immune escape via interacting with ATF3 to regulate AKT1 transcription in colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Li, Shiquan
name: Yan, Guoqiang
name: Yue, Meng
name: Wang, Lei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Figure S2 Full-length western blots of Fig. 3e.
Global connectedness, local embeddedness and creative economies in European cities
Creators: name: Xinli Huang
name: Di Fan,
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Embracing the global–local debate, this study examines how cities configure their global connectedness and local embeddedness attributes in order to achieve the high performance of urban creative economies in Europe. Using the configurational approach, a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) is undertaken to investigate urban creative economy performance in a sample of 168 European cities from 30 countries during the period 2000–17. The findings reveal a taxonomy of four distinct types of cities with the high performance of the creative economy and the contingent effects of cultural vibrancy and industrial diversity. This study provides novel insights into the variations among creative cities.
Multi-band optical micro-variability observations of BL Lacertae
Creators: name: Papadakis, I. E.
name: Boumis, P.
name: Samaritakis, V.
name: Papamastorakis, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed BL Lacertae in the B, R and I bands for 2 nights in July, 1999, and 3 nights in July, 2001. The observations resulted in almost evenly sampled light curves, with an average sampling interval of ~5 min. The source is significantly variable in all bands. On average, the variability amplitude increases from ~5% in the I band, to ~5.5% in the R and ~6.5% in the B band light curves. The rising and decaying time scales are comparable within each band, but they increase from the B, to R and I band light curves. The optical power spectrum shows a red noise component with a slope of ~ -2. Cross-correlation analysis shows that in most cases the delay between the variations in the B and I band light curves is less than ~ 0.4 hrs. The cross-correlation functions are asymmetric, implying complex delays of the I band variations with respect to the B band variations. Furthermore, in one case we find that the I band variations are significantly delayed (by ~0.2 hrs) with respect to the B band variations. We also detect significant spectral variations: the spectrum becomes steeper as the flux increases, and the flattest spectral index corresponds to the maximum B band flux. Our results imply that the fast, intra-night variations of the source correspond to perturbations of different regions in the jet which cause localized injections of relativistic particles on time scales much sorter that the average sampling interval of the light curves. The variations are controlled by the cooling and light crossing time scales, which are probably comparable.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Deep Transfer Learning Methods for Colon Cancer Classification in Confocal Laser Microscopy Images
Creators: name: Gessert, Nils
name: Bengs, Marcel
name: Wittig, Lukas
name: Drömann, Daniel
name: Keck, Tobias
name: Schlaefer, Alexander
name: Ellebrecht, David B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Purpose: The gold standard for colorectal cancer metastases detection in the peritoneum is histological evaluation of a removed tissue sample. For feedback during interventions, real-time in-vivo imaging with confocal laser microscopy has been proposed for differentiation of benign and malignant tissue by manual expert evaluation. Automatic image classification could improve the surgical workflow further by providing immediate feedback. Methods: We analyze the feasibility of classifying tissue from confocal laser microscopy in the colon and peritoneum. For this purpose, we adopt both classical and state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks to directly learn from the images. As the available dataset is small, we investigate several transfer learning strategies including partial freezing variants and full fine-tuning. We address the distinction of different tissue types, as well as benign and malignant tissue. Results: We present a thorough analysis of transfer learning strategies for colorectal cancer with confocal laser microscopy. In the peritoneum, metastases are classified with an AUC of 97.1 and in the colon, the primarius is classified with an AUC of 73.1. In general, transfer learning substantially improves performance over training from scratch. We find that the optimal transfer learning strategy differs for models and classification tasks. Conclusions: We demonstrate that convolutional neural networks and transfer learning can be used to identify cancer tissue with confocal laser microscopy. We show that there is no generally optimal transfer learning strategy and model as well as task-specific engineering is required. Given the high performance for the peritoneum, even with a small dataset, application for intraoperative decision support could be feasible.
description: Accepted for publication in the International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery (IJCARS)
Ablennes hians
Creators: name: Edwards, A. J.
name: Gill, A. C.
name: Abohweyere, P. O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Beloniformes
Belonidae
Ablennes
Ablennes hians

description: Ablennes hians (Valenciennes, 1846)
 Reference material. Accra, November 1930 (Irvine 117)— BMNH 1932.2.27.3 (one: 685 mm SL, 524 mm BL).
 Distribution. In the eastern Atlantic known for the Cape Verde Islands and Dakar to southern Angola. Elsewhere found in all tropical and subtropical seas (Collette and Parin, 1970).
description: Published as part of Edwards, A. J., Gill, A. C. & Abohweyere, P. O., 2003, A revision of F. R. Irvine's Ghanaian marine fishes in the collections of The Natural History Museum, London, pp. 2213-2267 in Journal of Natural History 37 (18) on page 2233, DOI: 10.1080/00222930210138359, http://zenodo.org/record/5263410
Pair creation and axial anomaly in light-cone $QED_2$
Creators: name: Tomaras, T. N.
name: Tsamis, N. C.
name: Woodard, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 1+1 dimensional massive Dirac equation is solved exactly in light-cone coordinates for $x^+ > 0$ and $x^- > -L$, in the presence of an arbitrary $x^+$ dependent electric field. Our solution resolves the ambiguity at $p^+ = 0$. We also obtain the one loop rate for pair production for a positive electric field, compute the expectation values of the vector and axial vector currents, and recover the well known anomaly $e^2 E/π$ in the divergence of the latter. A final intriguing result is that the theory seems to exhibit a phase transition in the limit of infinite $L$.
description: 33 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX 2 epsilon, revised for publication
The inclusive b -> s γdecay in the noncommutative standard model
Creators: name: Iltan, E. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the new structures appearing due to noncommutative effects in the inclusive decay b -> s γ^*, in the standard model. We present the corresponding coefficients which carries the space-space and space-time noncommutativity.
description: 5 pages, 2 Figures
SLATE: A Super-Lightweight Annotation Tool for Experts
Creators: name: Kummerfeld, Jonathan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: Many annotation tools have been developed, covering a wide variety of tasks and providing features like user management, pre-processing, and automatic labeling. However, all of these tools use Graphical User Interfaces, and often require substantial effort to install and configure. This paper presents a new annotation tool that is designed to fill the niche of a lightweight interface for users with a terminal-based workflow. Slate supports annotation at different scales (spans of characters, tokens, and lines, or a document) and of different types (free text, labels, and links), with easily customisable keybindings, and unicode support. In a user study comparing with other tools it was consistently the easiest to install and use. Slate fills a need not met by existing systems, and has already been used to annotate two corpora, one of which involved over 250 hours of annotation effort.
description: To appear at ACL as a demo
Lethrinus atlanticus Valenciennes 1830
Creators: name: Edwards, A. J.
name: Gill, A. C.
name: Abohweyere, P. O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Lethrinidae
Lethrinus
Lethrinus atlanticus

description: Lethrinus atlanticus Valenciennes, 1830
 Reference material. Accra, 1930 (Irvine 45); Winneba, 1933 (Irvine 175)— BMNH 1934.10.12.12 (one: 216 mm SL).
 Distribution. Coast of tropical West Africa from Senegal to Gabon including Cape Verde Islands and the islands of the Gulf of Guinea (Carpenter and Allen, 1989).
In recent years the fishery for this species appears to have expanded and now about 250 tonnes on average of this species are caught in the region each year (FAO, 2000).
description: Published as part of Edwards, A. J., Gill, A. C. & Abohweyere, P. O., 2003, A revision of F. R. Irvine's Ghanaian marine fishes in the collections of The Natural History Museum, London, pp. 2213-2267 in Journal of Natural History 37 (18) on page 2245, DOI: 10.1080/00222930210138359, http://zenodo.org/record/5263410