cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tagiades menaka subsp. menaka Spotted Snow Flat
Creators: name: Bhowmik, Suman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Hesperiidae
Tagiades
Tagiades menaka
Tagiades menaka menaka (moore, [1866]) (spotted snow flat)

description: 18. Tagiades menaka menaka (Moore, [1866]) (Spotted Snow Flat)
Remarks. One individual was recorded in Jampui Hills (24°2’20” N & 92°16’19” E, ca. 329 m above msl.) till 05.xi.2019. On 07.xi.2019, two more individuals were recorded in the same area. This species is very rare throughout the state.
Current known distribution. Bhutan, Myanmar, India (Kashmir to Northeast India) (Van Gasse 2013; Varshney & Smetacek 2015).
description: Published as part of Bhowmik, Suman, 2021, Fifty-one new additions to the butterfly (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) fauna of Tripura, North-east India, pp. 35-60 in Revista Chilena de Entomología (Rev. Chil. Entomol.) (Rev. Chil. Entomol.) 47 (1) on page 46, DOI: 10.35249/rche.47.1.21.04, http://zenodo.org/record/10950112
Protodasyapha (Protodasyapha) hirtuosa
Creators: name: González, Christian R.
name: Elgueta, Mario
name: Krolow, Tiago K.
name: Henriques, Augusto L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tabanidae
Protodasyapha
Protodasyapha hirtuosa

description: Protodasyapha (Protodasyapha) hirtuosa (Philippi, 1865)
Tabanus hirtuosus Philippi, 1865: 719–720.
Tabanus? obscuratus Philippi, 1865: 720 (preocc. Walker, 1854). Syntypes. Two females (one in MNNC), Chile: Santiago. Hunter, 1901: 142 (cat.); Porter, 1902: 248 (Chile spp.); Kertész, 1908: 266 (cat.); Stuardo: 1946: 69 (cat.); Philip, 1968a: 11 (tax., Philippi’s types).
Veprius rufopilosus Bigot, 1892: 620–621. Holotype. Male (NHMUK), “ Chile ”. Kertész, 1900: 26 (cat., Silvius); Ricardo, 1901: 293 (com., Silvius), 294 (in key, redes.); Porter, 1902: 246 (Chile spp., Silvius); Kertész, 1908: 179 (cat., Silvius); Surcouf, 1921: 144 (dist., Mesomyia); Enderlein, 1925: 315 (tax.); Kröber, 1930c: 236–237 (redes.); Kröber, 1930e: 139 (in key, diag.); Kröber, 1934: 231 (cat.); Fraga, 1937a: 192 (in key), 194 (com., dist.); Fairchild, 1956: 28 (com.); Fairchild, 1971: 4 (cat.); Moucha, 1976: 17 (cat.); Chainey, 1990: 305 (NHMUK types).
Syntypes. Two males (one in MNNC). Type-locality: Chile, Santiago.
Distribution. Chile: Región Metropolitana (Cordillera, Santiago); Región de O’Higgins (Cachapoal); Región del Maule (Curicó); Región de la Araucanía (Malleco).
References. Kertész, 1900: 54 (cat., Tabanus); Hunter, 1901: 141 (cat., Tabanus); Kertész, 1908: 249 (cat., Tabanus); Surcouf, 1921: 71 (dist., Tabanus); Kröber, 1930b: 169 (in key), 170 (redes.); Kröber, 1930e: 122 (in key); Kröber, 1934: 238 (cat.); Philip, 1968a: 11 (dist., tax., Philippi’s types); Fairchild, 1971: 4 (cat.); Coscarón, 1976: 79–82 (redes., figs. 1A–E, 2A–H); Coscarón et al., 1979: 303 (com.); Coscarón & González, 1991: 127 (Chile spp.); González, 1993: 110–111 (sea. occ.); Fairchild & Burger, 1994: 30 (cat.); Coscarón, 1998: 349 (list, dist.); González, 1998: 466 (imm. sta.); González & Flores, 2004: 6–7 (mou. par., figs. 8–13); Coscarón & Papavero, 2009a: 35 (female, figs. 7A–H), 36 (male, figs. 8A–E); Coscarón & Papavero, 2009b: 32 (cat.).
description: Published as part of González, Christian R., Elgueta, Mario, Krolow, Tiago K. & Henriques, Augusto L., 2022, Catalog of the horse-flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) of Chile, pp. 201-257 in Zootaxa 5091 (2) on page 214, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5091.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5843635
The use of single-molecule DNA nanomanipulation to study transcription kinetics
Creators: name: Liu, Chen-Yu
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: Transcription involves many reaction steps and intermediates. Many phenomena in transcription kinetics are covered by ensemble average. Single-molecule DNA nanomanipulation techniques uncover these transcription kinetic events via determination of a transcription bubble in real time. In this dissertation, we focus on the transcription kinetics of bacterial RNAP. The study of transcription kinetics in this thesis can be divided into 4 main subjects: 1) The study of abortive initiation mechanism: Through a single-molecule DNA nanomanipulation technique, we tested the three models proposed for the mechanism of abortive initiation - inchworming, scrunching and transient excursion - on T5 N25 promoter. Of the three models, only the scrunching model involves a change in the size of the transcription bubble during abortive initiation, which was observed by single-molecule DNA nanomanipulation technique. 2) The study of the kinetics of elongation and termination: By introducing varying transcribed region lengths into DNA templates, the kinetics of elongation and terminator rewinding were studied. The resulting kinetics, determined by the single-molecule nanomanipulation technique, was analyzed by different regression methods. In the normal regression, the elongation velocity is 10 b/s and terminator rewinding takes 3.4 s on a tR2 terminator. Contrarily, through Poisson regression, the elongation velocity ranges from 6.4 b/s to 12.5 b/s and terminator rewinding takes 11.9 s on a tR2 terminator. 3) The study of a promoter sequence's effect: The effect from sequence of the T5 N25 promoter and T5 N25 antiDSR promoter in transcription was evaluated. The transcription bubble sizes of open complex and initial transcribing complex using the T5 N25 antiDSR promoters are larger than the ones from the T5 N25 promoter. The difference in the two promoter sequences does not have an effect on the transcription bubble size of an elongation complex. And elongation and terminator rewinding kinetics are not affected. On the other hand, abortive initiation and promoter escape are affected by the difference in the promoter sequence. 4) The study of the effect of transcription factor-GreB: The effect of transcription factor-GreB on abortive initiation was evaluated by the single-molecule DNA nanomanipulation technique. GreB does not affect the transcription bubble size during abortive initiation, but does reduce the lifetime of initial transcribing complex.
Application and development of NMR spectroscopy to study the conformation and dynamics of collagen-like triple helical peptides
Creators: name: Li, Yingjie
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: This work describes the NMR conformational and dynamic characterization of collagen-like triple helical peptides.  The unique features of triple helices result in limited interproton distance information and the lack of long range contacts, so the solution structure of triple helical peptides can not be solved by NMR. Alternative strategies have been developed and applied on selectively 13C/15N doubly labeled synthetic peptides, to allow the visualization of peptide solution models. This approach, including the stagger chain identification, measurement of NMR conformational parameters, molecular modeling incorporating NMR data, and dynamic and hydrogen bonding investigation, provided the detailed structural and dynamic characterization of the triple helix system. This method is applied to two families of peptides: peptides that model natural interruptions in the non-fibrillar collagen (Gly-X-Y)n repeats and peptides that model Gly to X substitutions in fibrillar collagen disease.  NMR studies are presented to define the structural and dynamic effects that small breaks have on triple-helix structure, and allow the visualization of peptide models with two most common types of breaks with different lengths. Both breaks allow continuation of rod-like helices and maintenance of the 1-residue stagger, and have a highly localized perturbation in dihedral angle and hydrogen bonding. However, the conformation of residues within the breaks is different for the two kinds of breaks. This work has provided clues on the molecular basis of collagen binding at specific recognition sites.  The NMR methodology was also applied on peptides that model Gly to X mutations in fibrillar collagen diseases.  Mutation-specific equilibrium states were identified for peptides with different Gly to X substitutions, indicating mutation specific abilities for the peptides to fold around the substitution. The first visualization of the solution conformation of a model peptide with a Gly to Ser substitution in a physiological sequence context was obtained, demonstrating the disturbed conformation and dynamic features and hydrogen bonding at the substitution site. It suggested that the substitution could alter the appearance of the exterior of the triple helix molecule as it is seen by binding partners, and represented a first step in clarifying how mutations could result in collagen disease.
Pharmacological Interventions for Heavy Drinking Smokers
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Smokers who drink heavily have a more difficult time quitting smoking. In fact, smokers who drink heavily are five times more likely to relapse into smoking during drinking days than on non-drinking days. Treatments for these smokers who drink heavily may require new approaches that can help them with both drinking and smoking problems. This New Investigator study will combine a medication that have been shown helpful for smoking, called veranicline and a medication that helps individuals reduce their drinking, called naltrexone. In this study, smokers who drink heavily will be assigned to one of the following medication groups: (1) varenicline only; (2) naltrexone only; (3) varenicline plus naltrexone; (4) placebo (a sugar pill). Smokers will come to the laboratory after abstaining from smoking for 12 hours. In the laboratory we will measure their symptoms of nicotine withdrawal and their desire to smoke during this abstinence period. We will then ask them to have an alcoholic drink and will again measure their symptoms of nicotine withdrawal and their desire to drink. Then, we will ask them to smoke a cigarette in the laboratory and to report on how much they enjoyed smoking the cigarette. This study will test whether these medications, alone and in combination, help alleviate nicotine withdrawal and urge to smoke, and whether they reduce the positive effects of cigarettes. We will also study genes that may predict who responds better to each medication. This research is designed to improve medication treatments for smoking cessation among smokers who drink heavily, as they represent a large and hard-to-treat group of smokers.
Protodasyapha (Protodasyapha) rufipes
Creators: name: González, Christian R.
name: Elgueta, Mario
name: Krolow, Tiago K.
name: Henriques, Augusto L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tabanidae
Protodasyapha
Protodasyapha rufipes

description: Protodasyapha (Protodasyapha) rufipes (Macquart, 1850)
Silvius rufipes Macquart, 1850: 37.
Holotype. Female (MNHN). Type-locality: Argentina, Corrientes (in error, actually Chile).
Distribution. Chile.
References. Lynch Arribálzaga, 1882: 131 (cat., Silvius); Ricardo, 1901: 293 (com., Silvius), 294 (in key); Hunter, 1901: 136 (cat., Silvius); Brèthes, 1907: 284 (cat., Silvius); Kertész, 1908: 179 (cat., Silvius); Kröber, 1934: 231 (cat., incertae sedis); Fairchild, 1956: 27 (com.,? Veprius); Fairchild, 1971: 5 (cat.,? Veprius); Moucha, 1976: 17 (cat., Veprius); Coscarón & Fairchild, 1979: 298 (tax., figs. 1–8 Protodasyapha); Coscarón & González, 1991: 127 (Chile spp., Protodasyapha); Fairchild & Burger, 1994: 30 (cat.); Coscarón, 1998: 349 (list, dist.); Coscarón & Papavero, 2009b: 32 (cat.).
description: Published as part of González, Christian R., Elgueta, Mario, Krolow, Tiago K. & Henriques, Augusto L., 2022, Catalog of the horse-flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) of Chile, pp. 201-257 in Zootaxa 5091 (2) on page 214, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5091.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5843635
Nicotinic Regulation of GABAergic Signaling
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Nicotine, the addictive component of tobacco, has numerous effects in the nervous system, in addition to promoting the addiction itself. A surprising new development is that nicotine may access key pathways that control major transitions in the developing nervous system. It is now widely accepted that brain chemicals such GABA and glycine, which normally cause inhibition or a quieting down of brain networks, actually have the opposite effect in the developing fetus and newborn. During this early period, GABA and glycine excite the networks. The excitatory phase of these chemicals is essential for normal development. They appear to determine, in part, how the cells of the nervous system extend branches and receive connections from other cells. If, on the other hand, the transition to the inhibitory phase did not properly occur, it also would have disastrous effects. At the very least the system would be vulnerable to monumental epileptic seizures; death would be almost certain.

 We find, quite unexpectedly, that this key transition from GABA excitation to GABA inhibition appears to be under the control of pathways that nicotine stimulates. Blockade of the pathways delays the transition from GABA excitation to inhibition, and that in turn appears to have significant consequences for the cells and connections of the developing nervous system. Moreover, even neurons newly born in the adult brain from precursor cells display the same transitions, and may also be vulnerable to perturbation by nicotine.

 This proposal will examine the key pathways responsible for the transition of GABA from being excitatory to being inhibitory. It will examine the underlying mechanisms and the cells at risk. Further, the proposal will examine the consequences of perturbing normal activity in the pathways during development. It will do this by combining a number of cellular and molecular approaches, and manipulating activity in the pathways responding to nicotine. This will provide new information about fundamental processes in the developing fetus and neonate affected by nicotine.

 The experiments define new areas and may potentially change how we think about the wiring up of the nervous system. The biomedical implications are also significant. If these pathways have the kinds of pervasive effect in development that the preliminary results suggest, early exposure to nicotine would be a very serious matter. Indirect exposure of the fetus or newborn to nicotine, e.g. nicotine either in the maternal blood or milk or airborne via tobacco smoke, could have deleterious effects, activating the pathways inappropriately or desensitizing them so that normal signaling is impaired. The developing nervous system would be uniquely vulnerable to this exposure if in fact these pathways normally play a broad instructional role at early times.
Heliophorus indicus subsp. indicus Indian Purple Sapphire
Creators: name: Bhowmik, Suman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Lycaenidae
Heliophorus
Heliophorus indicus
Heliophorus indicus indicus (fruhstorfer, 1908) (indian purple sapphire)

description: 19. Heliophorus indicus indicus (Fruhstorfer, 1908) (Indian Purple Sapphire)
Remarks. A mating couple was sighted from Jampui Hills (23°59’17” N & 92°16’46” E, ca. 350 m above msl.) on 07.xi.2019. Immediately after mating, the male flew away and perched on a Colocasia leaf with his wing wide open, where it was photographed. This species is very rare throughout the state.
Current known distribution. Nepal, Myanmar, India (Sikkim, Assam) (Van Gasse 2013; Varshney & Smetacek 2015).
description: Published as part of Bhowmik, Suman, 2021, Fifty-one new additions to the butterfly (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) fauna of Tripura, North-east India, pp. 35-60 in Revista Chilena de Entomología (Rev. Chil. Entomol.) (Rev. Chil. Entomol.) 47 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.35249/rche.47.1.21.04, http://zenodo.org/record/10950112
Change impact analysis for Java programs and applications
Creators: name: Ren, Xiaoxia
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: Small changes can have major and nonlocal effects in object oriented languages, due to the extensive use of subtyping and dynamic dispatch. This makes it difficult to understand value flow through a program and complicates life for maintenance programmers. Change impact analysis provides feedback on the semantic impact of a set of program changes.The change impact analysis method presented in this thesis presumes the existence of a suite of regression tests associated with a Java program and access to the original and edited versions of the code. The primary goal of our research is to provide programmers with tool support that can help them understand why a test is suddenly failing after a long editing session by isolating the changes responsible for the failure. The tool analyzes two versions of an application and decomposes their difference into a set of atomic changes. Change impact is then reported in terms of affected tests whose execution behavior may have been modified by the applied changes. For each affected test, it also determines a set of affecting changes that were responsible for the test's modified behavior.The first contribution of this thesis is the demonstration of the utility of the basic change impact analysis framework of [51], by implementing a proof-of-concept prototype, Chianti, and applying it to Daikon, for an experimental validation.The second contribution is the definition and implementation of the dependences between atomic changes. Extensive experiments show that our dependences can help build the intermediate programs automatically in most cases.Another contribution is the heuristics for ranking the atomic changes for fault localization. This thesis proposes a heuristic that ranks method changes that might have affected a failed test, indicating the likelihood that they may have contributed to a test failure. Our results indicate that when a failure is caused by a single method change, our heuristic ranked the failure-inducing change as number 1 or number 2 of all the method changes in 67% of the delegate tests (i.e., representatives of all failing tests).
Relay cooperation in multiaccess networks
Creators: name: Sankar, Lalitha
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: Cooperation in communication networks results when terminals use their energy and bandwidth resources to mutually enhance their transmissions. Cooperation can be induced in many ways and each approach entails a different tradeoff of power, bandwidth, complexity, and costs to achieve spatial diversity gains characteristic of antenna arrays. In this dissertation, we study a specific cooperative network - a multiaccess relay channel (MARC) where cooperation is induced via a dedicated relay node in a network where multiple users communicate with one destination. We extend the relaying strategies of decode-and-forward (DF), compress-and-forward (CF), and amplify-and-forward (AF) to the MARC. Specifically, for DF we show that real-time decoding at the destination using a sliding-window incurs a rate loss relative to an offline backward decoding technique. We develop an offset encoding technique that improves sliding window decoding and achieves the corner points of the backward decoding rate region with significantly smaller delay.Next we compare two approaches to inducing cooperation in a multiaccess channel. In one approach we allow the users to cooperate while in the other we induce cooperation via a relay when the users cannot or do not cooperate. Using the total transmit and processing power consumed at all nodes as a cost metric, we compare the DF and AF sum-rates and outage probabilities for the two networks. Our results show that cooperation is most desirable in the regime where processing power is significantly smaller than the transmit power. We also show that relay cooperation is on average more energy efficient than user cooperation. Finally, we develop a capacity result for the MARC. The MARC belongs to a class of multi-terminal networks whose capacity is, in general, not known. For a degraded Gaussian K-user MARC, we use max-min optimization techniques to show that DF achieves the K-user sum-capacity.
Veprius Rondani 1863
Creators: name: González, Christian R.
name: Elgueta, Mario
name: Krolow, Tiago K.
name: Henriques, Augusto L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tabanidae
Veprius

description: Genus Veprius Rondani, 1863: 83–84.
Type-species: Veprius presbiter Rondani, 1863 (orig. des.).
Dasyapha Enderlein, 1922: 343 (in key). Type-species: Dasyapha bisulcata Enderlein, 1925 (sub. des., Enderlein, 1925: 315) = Veprius presbiter Rondani, 1863. Fraga, 1936: 248 (in key), 248–249 (traduction of des.).
References. Enderlein, 1925: 306 (in key), 315 (diag.); Kröber, 1930c: 226 (in key), 227 (redes.), 235 (com.); Kröber, 1930e: 138–139 (redes., key to species); Ruíz, 1929 238 (list); Borgmeier, 1933: 303 (tax); Kröber, 1934: 230 (cat.); Fraga, 1936b: 248 (in key), 248–249 (redes.); Fraga, 1937a: 191–192 (redes., key to species); Barretto, 1960: 61 (list), 62 (in key); Fairchild, 1969: 200 (diag., com.), 224 (in key); Fairchild, 1971: 4 (cat.); Coscarón, 1976: 77 (in key), 86–89 (redes.); Coscarón & González, 1991: 134 (in key); Coscarón & Papavero, 1993: 15 (in key); Fairchild & Burger, 1994: 31 (cat.); Coscarón, 1998: 349 (list, dist.); Coscarón & Papavero, 2009a: 8 (in key); Coscarón & Papavero, 2009b: 33 (cat.).
description: Published as part of González, Christian R., Elgueta, Mario, Krolow, Tiago K. & Henriques, Augusto L., 2022, Catalog of the horse-flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) of Chile, pp. 201-257 in Zootaxa 5091 (2) on page 214, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5091.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5843635
Computational approaches to identifying molecular associations in high-throughput biological data
Creators: name: Huang, Yang
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: Biomolecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids, are the building blocks of living organisms.Their complex interactions and associations are the key to understanding the basic mechanisms of life. Recently, high-throughput biological experiments allow to study thousands of biomolecules simultaneously, yielding a large amount of data that may reveal essential molecular associations. The work in this dissertation will focus on analyzing protein-protein interaction and gene-expression data obtained from these experiments.To identify temporal associations among proteins in pathways, the temporal order, by which proteins enter and exit the pathways, is needed. For this purpose, an interval graph model is presented for molecular pathways using protein-protein interactions.Based on this model, a tool, XRONOS, is developed to compute possible orderings ofproteins in pathways. XRONOS is then applied to the yeast ribosome assembly pathway and develop several tests based on graph theory, statistics and biological knowledge to validate the computed orderings.In a gene-expression matrix, rows correspond to genes and columns correspond to measuring conditions. An association coefficient is defined for a pair of genes in a discretized gene-expression matrix. These association coefficients are then applied to define dissimilarity measure between two discretized gene-expression matrices. We are able to effectively compute the dissimilarity between gene-expression matrices using concept lattices. With the dissimilarity measure, a tool, LABSTER, is developed to cluster a set of gene-expression matrices for class discovery. LABSTER is successfully used on simulation and clinical gene-expression data sets to discover different cell phenotypes.Since concept lattices prove useful in many areas and the size of them can be exponentialto the input, it has become important to construct concept lattices efficiently.An algorithm is designed with delay-time complexity O(|G||M|) given an input binary matrix of size |G||M|. Based on the characterization of irregular concepts, the algorithm improves the previous best delay-time complexity O(|G||M|2). In addition, a method to represent concept lattices in a compact representation is proposed. This method can save storage space compared to the full representation normally used. The algorithm for the full representation of concept lattices is modified to generate a compactrepresentation.
Tobacco Industry Political Strategies After the 1998 MSA
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Historically, one of the two major barriers to passing tobacco control legislation has been the political activity of tobacco firms and trade associations. The 1998 Master Settlement Agreement between 46 state Attorneys General and the major U.S. tobacco firms placed restrictions on tobacco industry activities in order to serve multiple goals, one of which was to restrict the political power of tobacco firms. This project will provide data to determine the effectiveness of these restrictions. Reports in the popular press suggest that in the wake of the 1998 MSA and lacking a trade association, the major tobacco companies have at least occasionally been pursuing different political agendas. However, there has been no systematic evaluation of whether tobacco firms have changed their goals and activities in the wake of the 1998 MSA.

 Therefore, this project will: (1) analyze changes in tobacco industry political strategies before and after the 1998 Master Settlement Agreement; (2) compare the extent to which tobacco firms continue to coordinate their political activities; and (3) survey perceptions of tobacco industry political influence in the wake of the settlement. The Master Settlement Agreement has made millions of internal industry documents available to the public as part of the intended reforms of tobacco industry corporate culture. This research will use these documents to identify the tobacco industry’s goals and intentions, and records of campaign contributions, as well as the perceptions of policy-makers, to judge whether their plans were executed.

 It is important to address this issue because advocates for the 1998 MSA believed that the restrictions imposed on the tobacco industry would reduce its ability to present biased research and limit its political power. If the industry still engages in the kind of political behavior that led to the settlement, tobacco firms will continue to prevent the passage of effective tobacco control policies. In addition to identifying whether the industry has continued its past activities, this research will identify new strategies used by the tobacco industry to maintain its political influence. If the corporate culture reforms have been ineffective, tobacco control advocates may wish to seek additional restrictions on tobacco industry activities.
The marker level set method: applications to simulation of liquids
Creators: name: Mihalef, Viorel
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: Interface advection methods are important tools with applications in computer graphics and computer vision, as well as in computational fluid dynamics and other engineering domains. Theclassic level set method in particular is one of the most widely used methods for interfacial advection; however, this method is less successful in tracking high-curvature regions and thin sheets, and it completely discards information tangential to the interface.In this thesis we introduce a new method for advection of interfaces by an external velocity field with improved performance in the problematic areas of the classic level set method mentioned above, and present several applications to simulation of liquids. We show that our method, which we term the Marker Level Set (MLS),provides an accurate, simple, and efficient alternative to the present technology for interfacial advection. Moreover, MLS features several capabilities that are quite important for computer graphics, such as automatic surface texture transport and an easy way of generating spray and small bubbles during simulation of liquids. We introduce as well a new MLS-based levelset reinitialization procedure which gives improved performance over classical reinitialization procedures used in the context ofthe level set method alone.
Improving on-line learning
Creators: name: Mesterharm, Chris
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: In this dissertation, we consider techniques to improve the performance and applicability of algorithms used for on-line learning. We organize these techniques according to the assumptions they make about the generation of instances.  Our first assumption is that theinstances are generated by a fixed distribution.  Many algorithms are designed to perform well when instances are generated by an adversary;we give two techniques to modify these algorithms to improve performance when the instances are instead generated by a distribution.  We validate these techniques with extensive experiments using a wide range of real world data sets.  Our second assumption isthat the target concept the algorithm is attempting to learn changes over time.  We give a modification of the Winnow algorithm and show ithas good bounds for tracking a shifting concept when instances are generated by an adversary.  We also consider the case that the instances are generated by a shifting distribution.  We applyvariations of the previous fixed distribution techniques and show, with real data derived experiments, that these techniques continue tosignificantly improve performance.  Last, we assume that the labels for instances may be delayed for a number of trials.  We give techniques to modify an on-line algorithm so that it has good performance even when the labels are delayed.  We derive upper-bounds on the performance of these modifications and show through lower-bounds that these modifications are close to optimal.
Smoke and ES Cell-derived Airway Mucous Cell Regeneration
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: A large literature links both prenatal and early childhood exposures to hazardous air pollutants, such as smoke, ozone and microorganisms, to decreased lung growth and increased rates of respiratory infections, otitis media, and early childhood asthma. The nature of the developmental effect by these environmental pollutants is incompletely understood. One of the major changes is the epigenomic change which affects the gene expression level in the absence of any genetic mutation or alteration.

 The present system using embryonic stem (ES) cell-derived regeneration of matured airway epithelial cell types provides a great opportunity to study the nature of the epigenomic change associated with the airway cell development. ES cells are self-renewable and pluripotent cells derived from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst-stage embryo. Our laboratory has recently developed a defined serum-free hormone-supplemented medium that can direct the mouse ES cell line, the D3 cells, to express various airway epithelial cell markers, which include CC10, a Clara cell-specific marker, muc5b and muc5ac, the goblet and submucosal gland mucous cell markers, surfactant D and C, markers of alveolar epithelial cells, and Foxj1, a marker related to ciliogenesis. Preliminary studies, using smoke products as an example of environmental agents to regulate ES cell-derived airway epithelial cell regeneration. We observed smoke to stimulate muc5ac expression, but decrease muc5b and SPD expression. These changes are most effective in the early treatment of ES cell regeneration. Late smoke exposure has no effect. These results provided an evidence of epigenetic change associated with smoke-mediated ES cell regeneration.

 The central hypothesis is that smokes as well as other air pollutants have a profoundly epigenetic effect on the regeneration of airway epithelial cells from ES cells. To test this hypothesis, we propose to use smoke exposure as the epigenetic agent to render ES cell differentiation and to examine what epigenetic changes occur in ES cells in relating to their ability to regenerate different airway mucous cell types. Three specific aims are proposed: 1) To test whether or not that changes in DNA methylation pattern at the promoter and first exon regions of muc5ac and muc5b genes occur in smoke-exposed ES cells; 2) To test whether or not that changes in chromatin structure of muc5ac and muc5b genes occur in smoke-exposed ES cells; and 3) To test whether or not that changes in cell signaling genes associated with the development of airway mucous cells occur in smoke-exposed ES cells. These studies should provide the basis of epigenetic change in airway cell regeneration. The information can also be applied to other hazardous air pollutants and human ES cell-based airway cell regeneration.
Veprius acroterius
Creators: name: González, Christian R.
name: Elgueta, Mario
name: Krolow, Tiago K.
name: Henriques, Augusto L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tabanidae
Veprius
Veprius acroterius

description: Veprius acroterius (Philip, 1958)
Chaetopalpus acroterius Philip, 1958: 69–70.
Holotype. Female (not at CAS). Type-locality: Chile, Valparaíso.
Distribution. Chile: Región de Valparaíso (Valparaíso).
References. Fairchild, 1971: 4 (cat.); Coscarón, 1976: 89 (com.); Moucha, 1976: 17 (cat.); Arnaud, 1985: 95 (Philip’s species); Coscarón & González, 1991: 127 (Chile spp.); Fairchild & Burger, 1994: 31 (cat.); Coscarón, 1998: 349 (list, dist.); Coscarón & Papavero, 2009b: 33 (cat.).
description: Published as part of González, Christian R., Elgueta, Mario, Krolow, Tiago K. & Henriques, Augusto L., 2022, Catalog of the horse-flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) of Chile, pp. 201-257 in Zootaxa 5091 (2) on page 215, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5091.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5843635
Allotinus drumila subsp. drumila Great Darkie
Creators: name: Bhowmik, Suman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Lycaenidae
Allotinus
Allotinus drumila
Allotinus drumila drumila (moore, [1866]) (great darkie)

description: 20. Allotinus drumila drumila (Moore, [1866]) (Great Darkie)
Remarks. This species is legally protected under schedule I of the Indian Wildlife (Protected) Act, 1972 (Anonymous 1997). One individual was recorded perching on bushes in Jampui Hills (23°59’17” N & 92°16’46” E, ca. 350 m above msl.), on 06.xi.2019. Recently in October 2020 eight individuals were sighted at Betlingchhip in Jampui Hills. The species is quite rare in the state.
Current known distribution. Bangladesh, India (Uttarakhand, Northeast India) (Van Gasse 2013; Varshney & Smetacek 2015).
description: Published as part of Bhowmik, Suman, 2021, Fifty-one new additions to the butterfly (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) fauna of Tripura, North-east India, pp. 35-60 in Revista Chilena de Entomología (Rev. Chil. Entomol.) (Rev. Chil. Entomol.) 47 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.35249/rche.47.1.21.04, http://zenodo.org/record/10950112
A generic domain specific language for financial contracts
Creators: name: Mediratta, Anupam
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: Financial contracts require management, such as valuation, scheduling and generating legal documents. The current approach for managing financial contracts is inefficient, for lack of a universal language for representing contracts. Peyton Jones et al.'s proposed such a language, even though contracts are diverse and new ones are introduced often. We verify that Peyton Jones et al.'s language is expressive enough by using it to represent two new contracts: credit default swap and power reverse dual currency swap. We demonstrate its advantage by using the sameprogram to value all contracts represented. More generally, we need only one program for each contract management task.
Niphanda asialis subsp. marcia
Creators: name: Bhowmik, Suman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Lycaenidae
Niphanda
Niphanda asialis
Niphanda asialis marcia (fawcett, 1904)

description: 21. Niphanda asialis marcia (Fawcett, 1904) (Fawcett’s Pierrot)
Remarks. At 11:30 am, one individual was observed, when nectaring on a wild flowering plant in Jampui Hills (24°2’20” N & 92°16’18” E, ca. 335 m above msl.), on 31.xii.2017. The species is rare in Tripura as well all throughout India.
Current known distribution. Myanmar, India (Assam) (Van Gasse 2013; Varshney & Smetacek 2015).
description: Published as part of Bhowmik, Suman, 2021, Fifty-one new additions to the butterfly (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) fauna of Tripura, North-east India, pp. 35-60 in Revista Chilena de Entomología (Rev. Chil. Entomol.) (Rev. Chil. Entomol.) 47 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.35249/rche.47.1.21.04, http://zenodo.org/record/10950112
Veprius apatolesteus Coscaron, Philip & Fairchild 1979
Creators: name: González, Christian R.
name: Elgueta, Mario
name: Krolow, Tiago K.
name: Henriques, Augusto L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tabanidae
Veprius
Veprius apatolesteus

description: Veprius apatolesteus Coscarón, Philip & Fairchild, 1979: 301–303, figs. 1–4.
Holotype. Female (CAS), paratype female (FSCA). Type-locality: Chile, Coquimbo, Peñón; paratype female (FSCA).
Distribution. Argentina: Provincia de Neuquén. Chile: Región de Coquimbo (Elqui).
References. Arnaud, 1985: 99 (Philip’s species); Coscarón & González, 1991: 127 (Chile spp.); Fairchild & Burger, 1994: 31 (cat.); Coscarón, 1998: 349 (list, dist.); Coscarón & Papavero, 2009b: 33 (cat.).
description: Published as part of González, Christian R., Elgueta, Mario, Krolow, Tiago K. & Henriques, Augusto L., 2022, Catalog of the horse-flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) of Chile, pp. 201-257 in Zootaxa 5091 (2) on page 215, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5091.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5843635
Additional file 1: of Vascular function in asthmatic children and adolescents
Creators: name: Augusto, Leonardo
name: Grazielle Silva
name: Pinho, José
name: Aires, Rosária
name: Lemos, Virgínia
name: Ramalho, Lidiana Fátima Correa
name: Nulma Jentzsch
name: Rodrigues-Machado, Maria
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplemental material. (DOCX 1048 kb)
Additional file 1: of Vascular function in asthmatic children and adolescents
Creators: name: Augusto, Leonardo
name: Grazielle Silva
name: Pinho, José
name: Aires, Rosária
name: Lemos, Virgínia
name: Ramalho, Lidiana Fátima Correa
name: Nulma Jentzsch
name: Rodrigues-Machado, Maria
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplemental material. (DOCX 1048 kb)
Additional file 2: Table S1. of Development of an algorithm for phenotypic screening of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the routine laboratory
Creators: name: Robert, Jérôme
name: Pantel, Alix
name: Merens, Audrey
name: Meiller, Elodie
name: Jean-Philippe Lavigne
name: Marie-Hélène Nicolas-Chanoine
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Formulas to calculate post-test probabilities with positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR+ and LR−). (DOCX 11 kb)
Subscale validation of the drinking patterns questionnaire
Creators: name: Menges, David P.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: The current study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Drinking Patterns Questionnaire (DPQ; Zitter &amp;amp; McCrady, 1979), a self-report instrument designed to identify high-risk drinking situations.  The DPQ consists of 189 items representing possible drinking antecedents from eight distinct categories: Work-Related, Financial, Physiological, Interpersonal, Marital, Parents, Children, and Emotional.  While prior research has supported the construct validity of the Physiological, Interpersonal, Marital, and Emotional subscales (Zweig, 2005), no validation studies have been conducted on the remaining subscales.  The primary aim of the current study was to evaluate the construct validity of the Work-Related, Financial, Parents, and Children subscales of the DPQ.  This evaluation was conducted via analyses of convergence between DPQ subscales scores and scores on correlate measures of the same or similar construct.  A secondary aim was to evaluate the internal consistency of all eight DPQ subscales.  Participants were 134 adult residents of an inpatient substance abuse treatment center who scored [greater than or equal to] 9 on the Alcohol Dependence Scale (a marker highly predictive of DSM-IV diagnosis of alcohol dependence; Chantarujikapong, Smith, &amp;amp; Fox, 1997).  The mean age of participants was 40.0 (SD = 11.4), 48.5% were female, 94.8% were Caucasian, and 59.7% were employed.  Five group administrations were conducted with approximately 30 residents participating on each occasion.  Upon providing informed consent, participants completed a demographics questionnaire, the DPQ, and the four correlate measures corresponding to each DPQ subscale under evaluation.  Results indicated that DPQ subscales evidenced adequate to strong internal consistency (i.e., coefficient alphas ranging from .691 to .921).  Pearson's r correlations were then used to evaluate subscale convergent validity and significant correlations were found between scores on the Work-Related (n = 89, r = -.213, p [less than] .05), Financial (n = 130, r = .423, p [less than] .001), and Children (n = 62, r = -.510, p [less than] .001) subscales and scores on their respective correlate measures.  Findings for the validity of the Parents subscale were mixed.  Overall, study results provide strong evidence of construct validity for the Financial and Children subscales and modest evidence for the Work-Related subscale, and indicate that all DPQ subscales exhibit solid internal consistency.
A fourier transform - infrared spectroscopy study of hydrogen interaction with metal-organic-frameworks
Creators: name: Mayer, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: In the following the interaction of hydrogen with Metal-Organic-Frameworks investigated by Fourier-Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy is presented.The study was performed using two different compounds: (Zn(BDC)(TED)0.5) ·2DMF·0.2 ·H2O and the very similar Ni(NDC)(TED), whose exact structure was not characterized yet.The removal of the solvent N,N-dimethylformide (DMF) was shown during the initial activation procedure. In addition, the decrease of an adsorbed water mode between 2000 and 4000 cm [superscript -1] could be confirmed while the benzene ring structure of the organic linkers (1610-1550 cm [superscript -1] and 1420-1335 cm [superscript -1]) stayed intact. Furthermore the MOFs were exposed to high-pressure hydrogen (300-1000 psi) while performing in-situ FT-IR measurements. For the Zn-MOF new modes in the range from 4000 to 4300 cm [superscript -1] were observed and are believed to represent modes related to adsorption sites of hydrogen inside the MOF. After decreasing the pressure, these modes disappear slowly. No such results could be found for the Ni-MOF.While the MOFs were exposed to high-pressure hydrogen a very intensive feature around 3400 cm [superscript -1] was observed. This mode was growing over time without any saturation and was identified as water inside the MOF whose origin was determined to be the hydrogen gas.An additional feature extending from 2900 to 3200 cm [superscript -1] was associated with the destruction of C-H bonds. This development might be attributed to destructive effects of the water adsorption on the MOF or due to contaminations.When considering MOF materials for storage application it hast be noted that the adsorption properties for water can interfere with other properties of the material.
Transcription Regulation of Inflammation by Glucocorticoids
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic lung disease in which lungs are damaged and make it hard to breathe. Inflammation plays an important part in the development of COPD. Currently there is no cure for COPD. However, we can slow down or relieve the symptom by decreasing inflammation.

 MKP-1 is a protein that can suppress inflammation. The activity of MKP-1 mainly depends on its amount in cells. Changing the amount of MKP-1 protein, thus, strongly influences how our body handles inflammatory responses. The production of MKP-1 protein in cells is stringently controlled. The information that tells the body which proteins to make is stored in the form of DNA; the information for each protein is coded for by a specific piece of DNA called a gene. There are two biochemical processes involved in converting the DNA code into a protein molecule. These are called 'transcription' and 'translation'. The production of MKP-1 protein is regulated at the 'transcription' process.

 This proposal will explore how MKP-1 gene transcription is regulated. Notably, MKP-1 gene transcription is induced by steroid hormones, glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids are commonly used to treat a wide variety of inflammatory diseases, including COPD, because of their strong ability to inhibit inflammation. One reason that glucocorticoids can suppress inflammation is because they increase MKP-1 gene transcription. However, “how” glucocorticoids increase MKP-1 gene transcription is not known. In this proposal, we will also study this question.

 Overall, this proposal is important from both basic science and clinical perspective. A potential therapy for treating inflammatory diseases, such as COPD, is to increase MKP-1 protein levels in cells. Therefore, understanding how MKP-1 gene transcription is regulated is an important topic.