cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Separation of variables for the generalized Henon-Heiles system and system with quartic potential
Creators: name: Grigoryev, Yu. A.
name: Tsiganov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70H06, 37K10

description: We consider two well-known integrable systems on the plane using the concept of natural Poisson bivectors on Riemaninan manifolds. Geometric approach to construction of variables of separation and separated relations for the generalized Henon-Heiles system and the generalized system with quartic potential is discussed in detail.
description: 9 pages, LaTeX with AMS fonts
Autonomous, wireless sensor network-assisted target search and mapping
Creators: name: Beyme, Steffen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The requirements of wireless sensor networks for localization applications are largely dictated by the need to estimate node positions and to establish routes to dedicated gateways for user communication and control. These requirements add significantly to the cost and complexity of such networks. In some applications, such as autonomous exploration or search and rescue, which may benefit greatly from the capabilities of wireless sensor networks, it is necessary to guide an autonomous sensor and actuator platform to a target, for example to acquire a large data payload from a sensor node, or to retrieve the target outright. We consider the scenario of a mobile platform capable of directly interrogating individual, nearby sensor nodes. Assuming that a broadcast message originates from a source node and propagates through the network by flooding, we study applications of autonomous target search and mapping, using observations of the message hop count alone. Complex computational and communication tasks are offloaded from the sensor nodes, leading to significant simplifications of the node hardware and software. This introduces the need to model the hop count observations made by the mobile platform to infer node locations. Using results from first-passage percolation theory and a maximum entropy argument, we formulate a stochastic jump process which approximates the message hop count at distance r from the source. We show that the marginal distribution of this process has a simple analytic form whose parameters can be learned by maximum likelihood estimation. Target search involving an autonomous mobile platform is modeled as a stochastic planning problem, solved approximately through policy rollout. The cost-to-go at the rollout horizon is approximated by an open-loop search plan in which path constraints and assumptions about future information gains are relaxed. It is shown that the performance is improved over typical information-driven approaches. Finally, the hop count observation model is applied to an autonomous mapping problem. The platform is guided under a myopic utility function which quantifies the expected information gain of the inferred map. Utility function parameters are adapted heuristically such that map inference improves, without the cost penalty of true non-myopic planning.
Magnetic Fluctuations and Correlations in MnSi - Evidence for a Skyrmion Spin Liquid Phase
Creators: name: Pappas, C.
name: Lelièvre-Berna, E.
name: Bentley, P.
name: Falus, P.
name: Fouquet, P.
name: Farago, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive analysis of high resolution neutron scattering data involving Neutron Spin Echo spectroscopy and Spherical Polarimetry which confirm the first order nature of the helical transition and reveal the existence of a new spin liquid skyrmion phase. Similar to the blue phases of liquid crystals this phase appears in a very narrow temperature range between the low temperature helical and the high temperature paramagnetic phases.
description: 11 pages, 16 figures
Type Ia Supernovae as Sites of p-process: Two-Dimensional Models Coupled to Nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Travaglio, Claudia
name: Roepke, Fritz
name: Gallino, Roberto
name: Hillebrandt, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore SNe Ia as p-process sites in the framework of two-dimensional SN Ia delayed detonation and pure deflagration models. The WD precursor is assumed to have reached the Chandrasekhar mass in a binary system by mass accretion from a giant/main sequence companion. We use enhanced s-seed distributions, obtained from a sequence of thermal pulse instabilities both in the AGB phase and in the accreted material. We apply the tracer-particle method to reconstruct the nucleosynthesis by the thermal histories of Lagrangian particles, passively advected in the hydrodynamic calculations. For each particle we follow the explosive nucleosynthesis with a detailed network for all isotopes up to 209Bi. We find that SNe Ia can produce a large amount of p-nuclei, both the light p-nuclei below A=120 and the heavy-p nuclei, at quite flat average production factors, tightly related to the s-process seed distribution. For the first time, we find a stellar source able to produce both, light and heavy p-nuclei almost at the same level as 56Fe, including the very debated neutron magic 92,94Mo and 96,98Ru. We also find that there is an important contribution from p-process nucleosynthesis to the s-only nuclei 80Kr, 86Sr, to the neutron magic 90Zr, and to the neutron-rich 96Zr. Finally, we investigate the metallicity effect on p-process. Starting with different s-process seed distributions, for two metallicities Z = 0.02 and Z = 0.001, running SNe Ia models with different initial composition, we estimate that SNe Ia can contribute to, at least, 50% of the solar p-process composition.
description: 62 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables, ApJ in press
NLO QCD corrections to WZ+jet production with leptonic decays
Creators: name: Campanario, F.
name: Englert, C.
name: Kallweit, S.
name: Spannowsky, M.
name: Zeppenfeld, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the next-to-leading order QCD corrections to WZ+jet production at the Tevatron and the LHC, including decays of the electroweak bosons to light leptons with all off-shell effects taken into account. The corrections are sizable and have significant impact on the differential distributions.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Anomalous transport of a tracer on percolating clusters
Creators: name: Spanner, Markus
name: Höfling, Felix
name: Schröder-Turk, Gerd
name: Mecke, Klaus
name: Franosch, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of a single tracer exploring a course of fixed obstacles in the vicinity of the percolation transition for particles confined to the infinite cluster. The mean-square displacement displays anomalous transport, which extends to infinite times precisely at the critical obstacle density. The slowing down of the diffusion coefficient exhibits power-law behavior for densities close to the critical point and we show that the mean-square displacement fulfills a scaling hypothesis. Furthermore, we calculate the dynamic conductivity as response to an alternating electric field. Last, we discuss the non-gaussian parameter as an indicator for heterogeneous dynamics.
Spectrum standardization for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy measurements
Creators: name: Wang, Zhe
name: Li, Lizhi
name: West, Logan
name: Li, Zheng
name: Ni, Weidou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a spectra normalization method for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) measurements by converting the recorded characteristic line intensity at varying conditions to the intensity under a standard condition with standard plasma temperature, degree of ionization, and total number density of the interested species to reduce the measurement uncertainty. The characteristic line intensities of the interested species are first converted to the intensity at a fixed temperature and standard degree of ionization but varying total number density for each laser pulse analysis. Under this state, if the influence of the variation of plasma morphology is neglected, the sum of multiple spectral line intensities for the measured element can be regarded proportional to the total number density of the specific element, and the fluctuation of the total number density, or the variation of ablation mass, was compensated for by the application of this relationship. In the experiments with 29 brass alloy samples, the application of this method to determine Cu concentration shows a significant improvement over generally applied normalization method for measurement precision and accuracy. The average RSD value, average value of the error bar, R2, RMSEP, and average value of the maximum relative error were: 5.29%, 0.68%, 0.98, 2.72%, 16.97%, respectively, while the above parameter values for normalization with the whole spectrum area were: 8.61%, 1.37%, 0.95, 3.28%, 29.19%, respectively.
description: LIBS; Normalization; quantitative measurement; plasma property
Strain in Semiconductor Core-Shell Nanowires
Creators: name: Grönqvist, Johan
name: Søndergaard, Niels
name: Boxberg, Fredrik
name: Guhr, Thomas
name: Åberg, Sven
name: Xu, H. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute strain distributions in core-shell nanowires of zinc blende structure. We use both continuum elasticity theory and an atomistic model, and consider both finite and infinite wires. The atomistic valence force-field (VFF) model has only few assumptions. But it is less computationally efficient than the finite-element (FEM) continuum elasticity model. The generic properties of the strain distributions in core-shell nanowires obtained based on the two models agree well. This agreement indicates that although the calculations based on the VFF model are computationally feasible in many cases, the continuum elasticity theory suffices to describe the strain distributions in large core-shell nanowire structures. We find that the obtained strain distributions for infinite wires are excellent approximations to the strain distributions in finite wires, except in the regions close to the ends. Thus, our most computationally efficient model, the finite-element continuum elasticity model developed for infinite wires, is sufficient, unless edge effects are important. We give a comprehensive discussion of strain profiles. We find that the hydrostatic strain in the core is dominated by the axial strain-component, $\varepsilon_{\z \z}$. We also find that although the individual strain components have a complex structure, the hydrostatic strain shows a much simpler structure. All in-plane strain components are of similar magnitude. The non-planar off-diagonal strain-components ($\varepsilon_{\x \z}$ and $\varepsilon_{\y \z}$) are small but nonvanishing. Thus the material is not only stretched and compressed but also warped. The models used can be extended for study of wurtzite nanowire structures, as well as nanowires with multiple shells.
Additional file 1: of Type 1 diabetes-associated cognitive impairment and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Chinese adults: results from a prospective cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Ding, Xin
name: Fang, Chen
name: Li, Xiang
name: Cao, Yong-Jun
name: Zhang, Qi-Lin
name: Huang, Yun
name: Pan, Jian
name: Zhang, Xia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: The cut off points for NCV measures of peripheral nerves. (DOCX 22 kb)
Quantum Counterfeit Coin Problems
Creators: name: Iwama, Kazuo
name: Nishimura, Harumichi
name: Raymond, Rudy
name: Teruyama, Junichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The counterfeit coin problem requires us to find all false coins from a given bunch of coins using a balance scale. We assume that the balance scale gives us only ``balanced'' or ``tilted'' information and that we know the number k of false coins in advance. The balance scale can be modeled by a certain type of oracle and its query complexity is a measure for the cost of weighing algorithms (the number of weighings). In this paper, we study the quantum query complexity for this problem. Let Q(k,N) be the quantum query complexity of finding all k false coins from the N given coins. We show that for any k and N such that k < N/2, Q(k,N)=O(k^{1/4}), contrasting with the classical query complexity, Ω(k\log(N/k)), that depends on N. So our quantum algorithm achieves a quartic speed-up for this problem. We do not have a matching lower bound, but we show some evidence that the upper bound is tight: any algorithm, including our algorithm, that satisfies certain properties needs Ω(k^{1/4}) queries.
description: 18 pages
Placing limits on the stochastic gravitational-wave background using European Pulsar Timing Array data
Creators: name: van Haasteren, R.
name: Levin, Y.
name: Janssen, G. H.
name: Lazaridis, K.
name: Stappers, M. Kramer B. W.
name: Desvignes, G.
name: Purver, M. B.
name: Lyne, A. G.
name: Ferdman, R. D.
name: Jessner, A.
name: Cognard, I.
name: Theureau, G.
name: D'Amico, N.
name: Possenti, A.
name: Burgay, M.
name: Corongiu, A.
name: Hessels, J. W. T.
name: Smits, R.
name: Verbiest, J. P. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct detection of low-frequency gravitational waves ($10^{-9} - 10^{-8}$ Hz) is the main goal of pulsar timing array (PTA) projects. One of the main targets for the PTAs is to measure the stochastic background of gravitational waves (GWB) whose characteristic strain is expected to approximately follow a power-law of the form $h_c(f)=A (f/\hbox{yr}^{-1})^α$, where $f$ is the gravitational-wave frequency. In this paper we use the current data from the European PTA to determine an upper limit on the GWB amplitude $A$ as a function of the unknown spectral slope $α$ with a Bayesian algorithm, by modelling the GWB as a random Gaussian process. For the case $α=-2/3$, which is expected if the GWB is produced by supermassive black-hole binaries, we obtain a 95% confidence upper limit on $A$ of $6\times 10^{-15}$, which is 1.8 times lower than the 95% confidence GWB limit obtained by the Parkes PTA in 2006. Our approach to the data analysis incorporates the multi-telescope nature of the European PTA and thus can serve as a useful template for future intercontinental PTA collaborations.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, mnras accepted
Generalized partial measurements
Creators: name: Paraoanu, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a type of measurements that generalize the so-called "partial measurements" performed in recent years with phase qubits. While in the case of partial measurements it has been demonstrated that one could undo the effect of the measurement only for non-switching events, we show here that generalized partial measurements can be reversed probabilistically for both switching and non-switching events. We calculate the associated Fisher information and discuss the estimation sensitivity for quantum tomography. Two ways of implementing this type of measurements with superconducting qubits are proposed.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Fault tolerance for distributed explicit-state model checking
Creators: name: Ishida, Valerie Lynn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: PReach, developed at the University of British Columbia and Intel, is a state of the art parallel model checker. However, like many model checkers, it faces reliability problems. A single crash causes the loss of all progress in checking a model. For computations that can take days, restarting from the beginning is a problem. To solve this, we have developed PReachDB, a modified version of PReach. PReachDB maintains the state of the model checking computation even across program crashes by storing key data structures in a database. PReachDB uses the Mnesia distributed database management system for Erlang. PReachDB replicates data to allow the continuation of the computation after a node failure. This project provides a proof-of-concept implementation with performance measurements.
Business model change in dynamic environments –  the case of distributed solar energy
Creators: name: Wadin, Jessica Lagerstedt
name: Ahlgren, Kajsa
Publisher: name: Journal of Business Models
Year: 2019

description: Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to enrich the debate on business models for sustainability in contingent situations.

Approach

We employ literature on business model and business model for sustainability theory and a contingency framework advanced in previous literature, and apply qualitative methods of multiple cases of four solar companies in two distinct dynamic business environments to examine how business models develop to align with changes in the business environment.

Findings

We provide empirical evidence that confirm and support for the contingency framework on business model dynamics and how it can be extended.

1) Adding a conceptual framework helps us understand the roles of the components in a more detail, which reveals that 2) in a hypercompetitive situation there is a focus on adapting the customer interface and business structure, while in an environmental shift situation innovating the value proposition and revenue model is needed.

3) Overall value creation activities should not be limited to the value proposition, intangible values in the customer interface also need to be addressed suggesting customer sensitivity in the customer interface. as a way to better understand the interaction between the firm and the customer in the customer interface.

Originality

Jointly, our findings provide new insights on business model for sustainability changes in dynamic business environments thereby the spread of and scale up of sustainable technologies.
description: Journal of Business Models, Vol 7 No 1 (2019): Special Issue: Sustainable value creation through business models - Online first
Building Sustainable Value Propositions for Multiple Stakeholders: A Practical Tool
Creators: name: Vladimirova, Doroteya
Publisher: name: Journal of Business Models
Year: 2019

description: This study explores a practical approach for helping innovation leaders to build value propositions that result in more sustainable businesses. The Sustainable Value Proposition Builder is a new tool developed to support the development and communication of value propositions to multiple change stakeholders participating in business model transformations.
description: Journal of Business Models, Vol 7 No 1 (2019): Special Issue: Sustainable value creation through business models - Online first
Business models for sustainable development: a process perspective
Creators: name: Boons, Frank
name: Laasch, Oliver
Publisher: name: Journal of Business Models
Year: 2019

description: The process-oriented conceptualization of business models presented here resonates with the original formulation of sustainable development as a process. We draw on Actor-Network-Theory and Theories of Practices and illustrate with data on Bike-business models in the costal city of Ningbo China.
description: Journal of Business Models, Vol 7 No 1 (2019): Special Issue: Sustainable value creation through business models - Online first
Assessing the multilevel validity of program-level inferences based on aggregate student perceptions about their general learning
Creators: name: Barclay McKeown, Stephanie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Aggregate survey results are commonly used by universities in Canada to compare effective educational practices across program majors within a university and between equivalent majors across campuses. Despite this recurrent practice, many researchers neglect to examine the multilevel validity of inferences made from program-level responses. This study illustrates the importance of determining the multilevel validity of program-level inferences prior to making conclusions based on survey data. Survey responses regarding student perceptions about their general learning outcomes and ratings about the learning environment were collected from the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) and the Undergraduate Experience Survey (UES). The analytic procedures used in this study included two-level exploratory multilevel factor analyses (MFA) and three statistical approaches to determine the appropriateness of aggregation: analysis of variance (ANOVA), the within and between analysis (WABA), and the unconditional multilevel model. Multilevel regression models were applied to survey data to examine the relationships of program-level characteristics with perceived student learning outcomes. The results led to four conclusions regarding the use of student survey results aggregated to the program level. First, results from the MFA revealed that the multilevel structure of items regarding perceived learning were consistent across the student and program levels for most samples, but the multilevel structure of items regarding the learning environment was not supported at the program level. Second, results from the ANOVA and unconditional multilevel models indicated that aggregation to the program level for perceived learning was statistically appropriate for three out of the four study samples; however, WABA results indicated that aggregation to a level lower than the program major was more suitable. Aggregation to the program level was not supported for any the learning environment scales across all three procedures. Third, aggregation was variable dependent as demonstrated by lower levels of within-program agreement on ratings of the learning environment, but larger levels of agreement with perceived learning outcomes. Finally, student-level perceptions about learning were partially influenced by student- and program-level characteristics; however, program means were not highly reliable and results did not support making program comparisons. Implications for educational research and recommendations for further research were discussed.
KBS Soils
Creators: name: Crum, J.R.
name: Collins, H.P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1995
Subjects: Kalamazoo County, Michigan
soil profile
soil type
Kalamazoo series
Oshtemo series
soil taxonomy
geomorphology
soil description
pedon

description: A taxonomic survey of the physical, morphological, and chemical attributes of soils of the Kellogg Biological Station (KBS), site of the KBS Long-term Ecological Research (LTER) program, in southwest Michigan, USA.
Soils of the Kellogg Biological Station (KBS)
Creators: name: Crum, J.R.
name: Collins, H.P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1995
Subjects: Kalamazoo County, Michigan
soil profile
soil type
Kalamazoo series
Oshtemo series
soil taxonomy
geomorphology
soil description
pedon

description: A taxonomic survey of the physical, morphological, and chemical attributes of soils of the Kellogg Biological Station (KBS), site of the KBS Long-term Ecological Research (LTER) program, in southwest Michigan, USA.
title: Regionale und nationale Identitätsbildung im
„Nihon Minka Shūraku Hakubutsukan“
(Freilichtmuseum japanischer Bauernhäuser) in
Toyonaka
Creators: name: Bichler, Regina
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Japan; museuology; museum studies; open-air museum; national identity; local identity; folklore
subject: Japan; Museologie; Museumswissenschaften; Freilandmuseum; nationale Identität; lokale Identität; Volkskunde
subject: 060
subject: 370
subject: 390
subject: 710
subject: 720

description: A distinct feature of the museum culture in Japan is the existence of both open-air museums focused on local or regional exhibits, and focused on exhibits collected from across the nation. With many of them established after the Second Word War, this poses the question if there has been the intent to (re-)construct an either local-regional or national identity through the narrative of the exhibition.
This hypothesis has been tested on the Nihon Minka Shūraku Hakubutsukan 日本民家集落博物館 („Open-Air Museum of Old Japansese Farm Houses”) in Toyonaka, an architectural open-air museum in the Osaka prefecture covering farm houses from various regions of Japan as old as from the early Edo period, which has been founded in 1956 and has been largely unchanged since then. Its exhibition was analysed by using recent and past museological concepts to assess both the exhibition’s effectiveness in identity construction as well as the contemporary cultural background during the museum’s establishment. Presentational techniques, texts and educational means were scrutinized for their form and content, and also the general mechanisms of identity construction in museums were applied to the exhibition in Toyonaka. 
The findings point out that although only few museological concepts seem to have been incorporated in the exhibition, identification with Japan as a homogenous cultural space is being evoked by attributing congruent values and ways of thinking to different parts of Japan and focusing on the invented tradition of a common Edo period culture continuing until today. Additionally, through a variety of exhibits from the Kansai area and the presentation of local aspects in national historic events, an ultimate japaneseness is expressed in a peasantly lifestyle at rural sites. Furthermore, participation of locals in administration and maintenance of the museum as well as regular events for both adults and children makes the museum a platform for local activities and communication between residents, fortifying the potential for identification with the Kansai region. 
Regardless of the prevalence of either national or regional identification, the museum provides a site for nostalgic immersion and offers to its visitors a refuge of entertaiment and an idyllic world uneffected and incorrupted by the events of WWII and the problems of modern life.
Computing the speed of convergence of ergodic averages and pseudorandom points in computable dynamical systems
Creators: name: Galatolo, Stefano
name: Hoyrup, Mathieu
name: Rojas, Cristóbal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.0; G.3

description: A pseudorandom point in an ergodic dynamical system over a computable metric space is a point which is computable but its dynamics has the same statistical behavior as a typical point of the system. It was proved in [Avigad et al. 2010, Local stability of ergodic averages] that in a system whose dynamics is computable the ergodic averages of computable observables converge effectively. We give an alternative, simpler proof of this result. This implies that if also the invariant measure is computable then the pseudorandom points are a set which is dense (hence nonempty) on the support of the invariant measure.
Finite-size effects in Anderson localization of one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Cestari, J. C. C.
name: Foerster, A.
name: Gusmão, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the disorder-induced localization transition in Bose-Einstein condensates for the Anderson and Aubry-Andre models in the non-interacting limit using exact diagonalization. We show that, in addition to the standard superfluid fraction, other tools such as the entanglement and fidelity can provide clear signatures of the transition. Interestingly, the fidelity exhibits good sensitivity even for small lattices. Effects of the system size on these quantities are analyzed in detail, including the determination of a finite-size-scaling law for the critical disorder strength in the case of the Anderson model.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Size Dependence of the Multiple Exciton Generation Rate in CdSe Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Lin, Zhibin
name: Franceschetti, Alberto
name: Lusk, Mark T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multiplication rates of hot carriers in CdSe quantum dots are quantified using an atomistic pseudopotential approach and first order perturbation theory. Both excited holes and electrons are considered, and electron-hole Coulomb interactions are accounted for. We find that holes have much higher multiplication rates than electrons with the same excess energy due to the larger density of final states (positive trions). When electron-hole pairs are generated by photon absorption, however, the net carrier multiplication rate is dominated by photogenerated electrons, because they have on average much higher excess energy. We also find, contrary to earlier studies, that the effective Coulomb coupling governing carrier multiplication is energy dependent. We show that smaller dots result in a decrease in the carrier multiplication rate for a given absolute photon energy. However, if the photon energy is scaled by the volume dependent optical gap, then smaller dots exhibit an enhancement in carrier multiplication for a given relative energy.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures
Meaning making within the social activity domain of health maintenance : the role of social networks
Creators: name: Nimmon, Laura Eileen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: This research explores how people embedded in their social networks actively engage in human meaning making about information and issues of health. Framed by a theoretical perspective of literacy as socially situated, it sought to investigate the ways that social network interactions mediate meaning making within the social activity domain of health maintenance. Using an ethnographic research design and a social network analysis orientation, this study explores patterns of social interaction and both macro- and micro-level aspects of social relations as they occur within socially situated contexts. Data collection involved social network surveys, interviews, field notes, transcribed spontaneous talk, and the focal participant’s health maintenance literacy practices diary from December 2011 to December 2012. Analysis of data included a social network analysis approach that gave macro level insights into the social structure of networks, as well as ethnographic qualitative analysis that explored the meanings by which participants understood and constructed their life worlds and the social meanings they linked to health information exchanges. Analysis revealed how exchanges of health information within social networks were accomplished primarily through oral interactions, and how multiple individual and social factors intersected to create patterns of knowledge construction and meaning making around health information and issues in social network interactions. Insights drawn from the data analysis also illustrated the ways health information flows through social networks that were shaped by different gradients of institutional and relational power dynamics. These results of the analysis suggested that the processes of making meaning around health information and issues cannot be extricated from structures of power and the social networks within which these processes occur.
Rare case report of Coexistence of Poland syndrome and Moebius syndrome
Creators: name: Moharram-zadeh, Sanaz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Diseases
subject: 111401 Foetal Development and Medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases

description: Poland syndrome (PS) and Moebius syndrome (MS) are both considered rare diseases and this case report focuses on the coexistence of these two rare syndromes in one patient. Since the disease is congenital and nonprogressive, no further treatment has been described. Careful monitoring of the complications that might set in depending on the severity of the patient’s deficits, patient and parents’ education, and a multidisciplinary approach by health professionals help to reduce the morbidity.
A domain-theoretic investigation of posets of sub-sigma-algebras (extended abstract)
Creators: name: Battenfeld, Ingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a measurable space (X, M) there is a (Galois) connection between sub-sigma-algebras of M and equivalence relations on X. On the other hand equivalence relations on X are closely related to congruences on stochastic relations. In recent work, Doberkat has examined lattice properties of posets of congruences on a stochastic relation and motivated a domain-theoretic investigation of these ordered sets. Here we show that the posets of sub-sigma-algebras of a measurable space do not enjoy desired domain-theoretic properties and that our counterexamples can be applied to the set of smooth equivalence relations on an analytic space, thus giving a rather unsatisfactory answer to Doberkat's question.
Reply to "Avoiding the Detector Blinding Attack on Quantum Cryptography"
Creators: name: Lydersen, Lars
name: Wiechers, Carlos
name: Wittmann, Christoffer
name: Elser, Dominique
name: Skaar, Johannes
name: Makarov, Vadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a reply to the comment by Yuan et al. [arXiv:1009.6130v1] on our publication [arXiv:1008.4593].
description: 1 page
Political party formation by former armed opposition groups after civil war
Creators: name: Manning, Carrie
name: Smith, Ian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Under what conditions are rebel groups successfully incorporated into democratic politics when civil war ends? Using an original cross-national, longitudinal dataset, we examine political party formation by armed opposition groups over a 20-year period, from 1990 to 2009. We find that former armed opposition groups form parties in more than half of our observations. A rebel group’s pre-war political experience, characteristics of the war and how it ended outweigh factors such as the country’s political and economic traits and history. We advance a theoretical framework based on rebel leaders’ expectations of success in post-war politics, and we argue that high rates of party formation by former armed opposition groups are likely a reflection of democratic weakness rather than democratic robustness in countries emerging from conflict.
The Cosmic Far-Infrared Background Buildup Since Redshift 2 at 70 and 160 microns in the COSMOS and GOODS fields
Creators: name: Jauzac, M.
name: Dole, H.
name: Floc'h, E. Le
name: Aussel, H.
name: Caputi, K.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Salvato, M.
name: Bavouzet, N.
name: Beelen, A.
name: Béthermin, M.
name: Kneib, J. -P.
name: Lagache, G.
name: Puget, J. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cosmic Far-Infrared Background (CIB) at wavelengths around 160 μm corresponds to the peak intensity of the whole Extragalactic Background Light, which is being measured with increasing accuracy. However, the build up of the CIB emission as a function of redshift, is still not well known. Our goal is to measure the CIB history at 70 μm and 160 μm at different redshifts, and provide constraints for infrared galaxy evolution models. We use complete deep Spitzer 24 μm catalogs down to about 80 μJy, with spectroscopic and photometric redshifts identifications, from the GOODS and COSMOS deep infrared surveys covering 2 square degrees total. After cleaning the Spitzer/MIPS 70 μm and 160 μm maps from detected sources, we stacked the far-IR images at the positions of the 24 μm sources in different redshift bins. We measured the contribution of each stacked source to the total 70 and 160 μm light, and compare with model predictions and recent far-IR measurements made with Herschel/PACS on smaller fields. We have detected components of the 70 and 160 μm backgrounds in different redshift bins up to z ~ 2. The contribution to the CIB is maximum at 0.3 <= z <= 0.9 at 160μm (and z <= 0.5 at 70 μm). A total of 81% (74%) of the 70 (160) μm background was emitted at z < 1. We estimate that the AGN relative contribution to the far-IR CIB is less than about 10% at z < 1.5. We provide a comprehensive view of the CIB buildup at 24, 70, 100, 160 μm. IR galaxy models predicting a major contribution to the CIB at z < 1 are in agreement with our measurements, while our results discard other models that predict a peak of the background at higher redshifts. Our results are available online http://www.ias.u-psud.fr/irgalaxies/ .
description: Accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Cyclic cocycles on twisted convolution algebras
Creators: name: Angel, Eitan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a construction of cyclic cocycles on convolution algebras twisted by gerbes over discrete translation groupoids. For proper étale groupoids, Tu and Xu provide a map between the periodic cyclic cohomology of a gerbe-twisted convolution algebra and twisted cohomology groups which is similar to a construction of Mathai and Stevenson. When the groupoid is not proper, we cannot construct an invariant connection on the gerbe; therefore to study this algebra, we instead develop simplicial techniques to construct a simplicial curvature 3-form representing the class of the gerbe. Then by using a JLO formula we define a morphism from a simplicial complex twisted by this simplicial curvature 3-form to the mixed bicomplex computing the periodic cyclic cohomology of the twisted convolution algebras. The results in this article were originally published in the author's Ph.D. thesis.
description: 39 pages
Photosensitivity at 1550 nm and Bragg grating inscription in As2Se3 microwires
Creators: name: Ahmad, Raja
name: Rochette, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first experimental observation of photosensitivity in As2Se3 glass at a wavelength of 1550 nm. We utilize this photosensitivity to induce the first Bragg gratings using a laser source at a wavelength of 1550 nm. We quantify the photosensitivity thresholds related to exposition intensity and exposition time. Finally, we demonstrate that As2Se3 Bragg gratings are widely tunable in wavelength as the microwire can withstand an applied longitudinal strain of 4 \times 104 με.
Singing in Life's Twilight: Serious Karaoke as Everyday Aging Practice in Urban Japan
Creators: name: Tong, Koon Fung Benny
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Serious leisure
aging
elderly well-being
social gerontology
anthropology of Japan
karaoke
Japanese popular music
ethnomusicology

description: Being an avid karaoke singer, I was intrigued to come across what are known in Japan as karaoke classrooms and kissas (a bar/café hybrid), during my periods of fieldwork in Tokyo and Osaka in 2013 and 2016. In my visits to these places, I watched (and participated in) how regulars at these karaoke venues, mostly working-class men and women between 60 to 80 years old, sang over the microphone, and chatted and laughed with each other over drinks. Their vivacity and enthusiasm were far removed from the doom and gloom that characterized many media and academic accounts of elderly life in Japan (Coulmas 2007). To these elderly karaoke participants, music and leisure serve as important cultural resources that allow them to build and maintain identities and lifestyles as they age (Bennett 2012; Koizumi 2013). In this thesis, I explore how and why regular participation in the spaces and activities of the karaoke classroom and kissa enable the elderly participants to attain sense of well-being and ikigai, the commitment and direction which makes life worth living (Mathews 1996). To capture the unique modes of engagement that influence the individual and social aspects of these participants’ karaoke participation, I mobilize the conceptual lenses of “musicking” as constructed by Small (1998) and “serious leisure” as elaborated by Stebbins (2015), in analyzing the data I obtained from the intensive ethnographic fieldwork I conducted in 2013 and 2016. By detailing the karaoke regulars’ attainment of senses of well-being and ikigai through “serious” musical engagement, I paint a livelier picture of elderly life in urban Japan, by not treating old age simply as a crisis to be solved, but rather a period of life that can be negotiated proactively.
On the Weak Computability of Continuous Real Functions
Creators: name: Bauer, Matthew S.
name: Zheng, Xizhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In computable analysis, sequences of rational numbers which effectively converge to a real number x are used as the (rho-) names of x. A real number x is computable if it has a computable name, and a real function f is computable if there is a Turing machine M which computes f in the sense that, M accepts any rho-name of x as input and outputs a rho-name of f(x) for any x in the domain of f. By weakening the effectiveness requirement of the convergence and classifying the converging speeds of rational sequences, several interesting classes of real numbers of weak computability have been introduced in literature, e.g., in addition to the class of computable real numbers (EC), we have the classes of semi-computable (SC), weakly computable (WC), divergence bounded computable (DBC) and computably approximable real numbers (CA). In this paper, we are interested in the weak computability of continuous real functions and try to introduce an analogous classification of weakly computable real functions. We present definitions of these functions by Turing machines as well as by sequences of rational polygons and prove these two definitions are not equivalent. Furthermore, we explore the properties of these functions, and among others, show their closure properties under arithmetic operations and composition.
Ionization in the atmosphere, comparison between measurements and simulations
Creators: name: Sloan, T.
name: Bazilevskaya, G. A.
name: Makhmutov, V. S.
name: Stozhkov, Y. I.
name: Svirzhevskaya, A. K.
name: Svirzhevsky, N. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A survey of the data on measured particle fluxes and the rate of ionization in the atmosphere is presented. Measurements as a function of altitude, time and cut-off rigidity are compared with simulations of particle production from cosmic rays. The simulations generally give a reasonable representation of the data. However, some discrepancies are found. The solar modulation of the particle fluxes is measured and found to be a factor 2.7$\pm$0.8 greater than that observed for muons alone near sea level.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science Transactions. Typographical errors fixed
Exotic phenomena in topological states of matter
Creators: name: Vazifeh, Mohammad Mahmoudzadeh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Electronic states in band insulators and semimetals can form nontrivial topological structures which can be classified by introducing a set of well defined topological invariants. There are interesting experimentally observable phenomena tied to these topological invariants which are robust as long as the invariants remain well-defined. One important class manifesting these topological phenomena in the bulk and at the edges is the time reversal invariant topological band insulators first discovered in HgTe in 2007. Since then, there have been enormous efforts from both the experimental and the theoretical sides to discover new topological materials and explore their robust physical signatures. In this thesis, we study one important aspect, i.e., the electromagnetic response in the bulk and at the spatial boundaries. First we show how the topological action, which arises in a time reversal invariant three dimensional band insulator with nontrivial topology, is quantized for open and periodic boundary conditions. This confirms the Z2 nature of the strong topological invariant required to classify time-reversal invariant insulators. Next, we introduce an experimentally observable signature in the response of electronic spins on the surface of these materials to the perpendicular magnetic field. We proceed by considering electromagnetic response in the bulk of topological Weyl semimetals in a systematic way by considering a lattice model and we address important questions on the existence or absence of the Chiral anomaly. In the end, we show how a topological phase in a one dimensional system can be an energetically favourable state of matter and introduce the notion of self-organized topological state by proposing an experimentally feasible setup.