Constructive and Destructive Processes During the 2018–2019 Eruption Episode at Shiveluch Volcano, Kamchatka, Studied From Satellite and Aerial Data
Creators: name: Shevchenko, Alina V.
name: Dvigalo, Viktor N.
name: Zorn, Edgar U.
name: Vassileva, Magdalena S.
name: Massimetti, Francesco
name: Walter, Thomas R.
name: Svirid, Ilya Yu.
name: Chirkov, Sergey A.
name: Ozerov, Alexey Yu.
name: Tsvetkov, Valefy A.
name: Borisov, Ilya A.
Publisher: name: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: extrusive eruption
subject: flank collapse
subject: lava dome
subject: photogrammetry
subject: shiveluch volcano
subject: Antennas
subject: Explosives
subject: Satellites
subject: Volcanoes
subject: Destructive process
subject: Explosive eruption
subject: Gravity-driven collapse
subject: Magmatic intrusions
subject: Pyroclastic density currents
subject: Regional structure
subject: Structural architecture
subject: Volcanic activities
subject: Domes
subject: extrusion
subject: igneous intrusion
subject: magmatic differentiation
subject: satellite imagery
subject: volcanic eruption
subject: Kamchatka
subject: Russian Federation
subject: Shiveluch Volcano
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Dome-building volcanoes often develop by intrusion and extrusion, recurrent destabilization and sector collapses, and renewed volcanic growth inside the collapse embayment. However, details of the structural architecture affiliated with renewed volcanic activity and the influences of regional structures remain poorly understood. Here, we analyze the recent activity of Shiveluch volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, characterized by repeated episodes of lava dome growth and destruction due to large explosions and gravity-driven collapses. We collect and process a multisensor dataset comprising high-resolution optical (aerial and tri-stereo Pleiades satellite), radar (TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X satellites), and thermal (aerial and MODIS, Sentinel-2, and Landsat 8 satellites) data. We investigate the evolution of the 2018–2019 eruption episode and evaluate the morphological and structural changes that led to the August 29, 2019 explosive eruption and partial dome collapse. Our results show that a new massive lava lobe gradually extruded onto the SW flank of the dome, concurrent with magmatic intrusion into the eastern dome sector, adding 0.15 km3 to the lava dome complex. As the amphitheater infilled, new eruption craters emerged along a SW-NE alignment close to the amphitheater rim. Then, the large August 29, 2019 explosive eruption occurred, followed by partial dome collapse, which was initially directed away from this SW-NE trend. The eruption and collapse removed 0.11 km3 of the dome edifice and led to the formation of a new central SW-NE-elongated crater with dimensions of 430 m × 490 m, a collapse scar at the eastern part of the dome, and pyroclastic density currents that traveled ∼12 km downslope. This work sheds light on the structural architecture dominated by a SW-NE lineament and the complex interplay of volcano constructive and destructive processes. We develop a conceptual model emphasizing the relevance of structural trends, namely, 1) a SW-NE-oriented (possibly regional) structure and 2) the infilled amphitheater and its decollement surface, both of which are vital for understanding the directions of growth and collapse and for assessing the potential hazards at both Shiveluch and dome-building volcanoes elsewhere. © Copyright © 2021 Shevchenko, Dvigalo, Zorn, Vassileva, Massimetti, Walter, Svirid, Chirkov, Ozerov, Tsvetkov and Borisov.