cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Teacher's Practices through Adaptation of Open Educational Resources for Online Language Teaching
Creators: name: Pulker, Hélène
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2019

description: One significant development that has recently come to disrupt teaching practices is the emergence of Open Educational Resources (OER). In the last 15-20 years, researchers have mainly focused on the creation, reuse and sharing of OER. However, little attention has been paid to what users do with the resources in their classroom and to date, there is scant evidence of OER reuse impacting on teaching practices. This study examines the process that a group of online synchronous language teachers undergo while adapting and repurposing digital resources. The research participants are part-time language teachers, with a range of experiences and cultural backgrounds, who teach online across a range of languages and levels at the Open University, a distance learning Higher Education institution in the UK. Data were collected and analysed within a constructivist grounded theory methodology. The experience of teachers’ reuse of OER was explored via seventeen semi-structured interviews. Consistent with a grounded theory approach, conceptual categories for the analysis of data were allowed to emerge, rather than initially driven by a theoretical framework. The findings can be summarised as follows: 1) As previously found in OER reuse studies in language teaching, teachers select resources they can adapt to suit their teaching styles and students’ needs; at the same time, teachers are reluctant to share their adapted resources publicly; 2) OER reuse promotes self-reflection and can play a significant role in teachers’ development as online educators; however, findings also challenge the assumption that teachers develop open educational practices as a result of working with OER; and, 3) OER reuse supports teachers’ development of technical online skills, but without necessarily resulting in changes in online teaching methodologies or beliefs. These findings therefore provide insights into the connection between OER reuse and reflections on practices, while raising questions with regard to the apparent normalisation of OER reuse and its promise to improve the quality of teaching.
Fourth post-Newtonian effective-one-body Hamiltonians with generic spins
Creators: name: Khalil, Mohammed
name: Steinhoff, Jan
name: Vines, Justin
name: Buonanno, Alessandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a compact binary coalescence, the spins of the compact objects can have a significant effect on the orbital motion and gravitational-wave (GW) emission. For generic spin orientations, the orbital plane precesses, leading to characteristic modulations of the GW signal. The observation of precession effects is crucial to discriminate among different binary formation scenarios, and to carry out precise tests of General Relativity. Here, we work toward an improved description of spin effects in binary inspirals, within the effective-one-body (EOB) formalism, which is commonly used to build waveform models for LIGO and Virgo data analysis. We derive EOB Hamiltonians including the complete fourth post-Newtonian (4PN) conservative dynamics, which is the current state of the art. We place no restrictions on the spin orientations or magnitudes, or on the type of compact object (e.g., black hole or neutron star), and we produce the first generic-spin EOB Hamiltonians complete at 4PN order. We consider multiple spinning EOB Hamiltonians, which are more or less direct extensions of the varieties found in previous literature, and we suggest another simplified variant. Finally, we compare the circular-orbit, aligned-spin binding-energy functions derived from the EOB Hamiltonians to numerical-relativity simulations of the late inspiral. While finding that all proposed Hamiltonians perform reasonably well, we point out some interesting differences, which could guide the selection of a simpler, and thus faster-to-evolve EOB Hamiltonian to be used in future LIGO and Virgo inference studies.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures, supplementary material. v2: fixed typos
Is the Zee model neutrino mass matrix ruled out?
Creators: name: He, Xiao-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A very economic model of generating small neutrino masses is the Zee model. This model has been studied extensively in the literature with most of the studies concentrated on the simplest version of the model where all diagonal entries in the mass matrix are zero. SNO, and KamLAND data disfavor this simple version, but only when one also combines information from atmospheric and K2K data, can one rule out this model with high confidence level. We show that the simplest version of Zee model is ruled out at $3σ$ level. The original Zee model, however, contains more than enough freedom to satisfy constraints from data. We propose a new form of mass matrix by naturalness consideration. This new form of mass matrix predicts that $m_{ν_3} = 0$, and $\tan^2θ_{solar}$ increases with $|V_{e3}|$. For the best fit value of $\tan^2θ_{solar}$, $|V_{e3}|$ is sizeable but below the upper bound.
description: RevTex 13 pages, figure with new data, more discussions added and minor errors corrected
Agrilus spinipennis Lewis 1893
Creators: name: Curletti, Gianfranco
name: Migliore, Letizia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Buprestidae
Agrilus
Agrilus spinipennis

description: Agrilus spinipennis Lewis, 1893
 Agrilus spinipennis Lewis, 1893: 332.
 Material examinado: JAPÃO, Tokyo, 6 exs.
description: Published as part of Curletti, Gianfranco & Migliore, Letizia, 2014, O gênero Agrilus Curtis, 1829 nas coleções do Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), pp. 81-106 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) (São Paulo) 54 (8) on page 104, DOI: 10.1590/0031-1049.2014.54.08, http://zenodo.org/record/4656297
IMPACT OF DUAL PRICING POLICIES ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCER INCENTIVES IN INDIA
Creators: name: Gunjal, Kisan R.
name: Gunjal, Kisan R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis

description: This paper examines the theoretical and practical effects of the government procurement and dual pricing on the producer prices for rice and wheat in India. Contrary' to the previous research this paper shows that the impact depends on whether the subsidies are infra-marginal or extra-marginal in nature. Econometric analysis of the pooled cross sectional and time series data for the selected states reveals a negative impact of the grain procurement on the weighted average prices of rice and wheat. Thus, the so called Dantwala-Mellor hypothesis of positive impact is not supported by the data.
Improved tests of extra-dimensional physics and thermal quantum field theory from new Casimir force measurements
Creators: name: Decca, R. S.
name: Fischbach, E.
name: Klimchitskaya, G. L.
name: Krause, D. E.
name: Lopez, D. L.
name: Mostepanenko, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new constraints on extra-dimensional models and other physics beyond the Standard Model based on measurements of the Casimir force between two dissimilar metals for separations in the range 0.2--1.2 $μ$m. The Casimir force between an Au-coated sphere and a Cu-coated plate of a microelectromechanical torsional oscillator was measured statically with an absolute error of 0.3 pN. In addition, the Casimir pressure between two parallel plates was determined dynamically with an absolute error of $\approx 0.6$ mPa. Within the limits of experimental and theoretical errors, the results are in agreement with a theory that takes into account the finite conductivity and roughness of the two metals. The level of agreement between experiment and theory was then used to set limits on the predictions of extra-dimensional physics and thermal quantum field theory. It is shown that two theoretical approaches to the thermal Casimir force which predict effects linear in temperture are ruled out by these experiments. Finally, constraints on Yukawa corrections to Newton's law of gravity are strengthened by more than an order of magnitude in the range 56 nm to 330 nm.
description: Revtex 4, 35 pages, 14 figures in .gif format, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
title: Identification and Assessment of Social Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties (SEBD) Among Children With and Without Special Educational Needs (SEN) based on Parent and Teacher Perceptions: A Comparison Study
Creators: name: Charalambous, Angeliki
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2019

description: Parents and teachers define, identify and perceive in various and diverse ways the concept of ‘special educational needs’ (SEN), which might lead to different interpretations as to what can be considered problematic and what cannot (Laluvein, 2010; Kristoffersen, et al., 2015). This study aimed to assess and compare the views and perceptions of parents and teachers of children with and without Special Educational Needs, on Social, Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties (SEBD). The purpose is to present an overall picture of the situation, to provide an indication of the existence or absence of agreement between parents and teachers concerning children’s social emotional and behavioural problems and subsequently make suggestions and recommendations to facilitate both educators and parents to acknowledge and attend more efficiently to children’s needs. Parents and teachers of 77 children, aged 6 to 13 years, with (n = 24) and without (n = 53) Special Educational Needs from a mainstream school in the rural area of Nicosia, Cyprus, took part in the study. Assessment of behaviour problems from both parents and teachers were obtained from the Child Behaviour CheckList 6/18 (Achenbach and Rescorla, 2001) and the Teacher Reference Form 6/18 (Achenbach and Rescorla, 2001) respectively. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were used with 5 parents and teachers, complementary of the questionnaires. The data were analysed using the Assessment Data Manager software and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences 21. The key findings suggest that parents and teachers of children with SEN agree more compared to parents and teachers of children with NoSEN. It also emerged that parents of children with SEN tend to report more internalizing, externalizing and total/overall problems compared to teachers (e.g. anxiety, depression, withdrawal, rule breaking and aggressive behaviour, jealousy, social issues). Furthermore, gender variance was found, with parents of children in both groups (SEN and NoSEN) viewing boys differently compared to girls. Regarding the latter, parents of children in the SEN group view girls as exhibiting more internalizing and overall difficulties (which is the sum of all scales namely internalizing, externalizing, thought problems, attention problems and social problems) compared to boys, while parents of children in the NoSEN group view boys as exhibiting more internalizing and overall difficulties.
TRADE AND PRICING POLICY OF FOODGRAINS IN INDIA— ISSUES AND STRATEGIES
Creators: name: Sharma, K. D.
name: Saini, A. S.
name: Sharma, K. D.
name: Saini, A. S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
International Relations/Trade

description: This pap er examines three broad issues (i) exisating foo dgraims market mechanism, (ii) price trends and terms of trade in foodgrains and (iii) government interventions in foodgrains marketing mechanism along with distortions and possible remedies. The results revealed that the restrictive policies in agriculture andrelatively liberalpolicies innon-agriculturalpric es have risen at a faster rate, turning the terms of trade against agriculture. The study suggests that to provide impetus to agriculture, the sectoral terms of trade should bemaintained; pro curementprices offoodgrains should be raised every year in consonance with general price level. The government must ensure zone-free trading of foo dgrains onp arwith the industrial goods. The public distribution system of foodgrains needs to be revamped and made efficient, accountable and cost effective. The new concept of ceiling/ maximum sale price shouldbe intro ducedkeep ing inviewthe marketing costs andreasonable profits/margins oftraders and the ruling/consumerspric e be allowed to operate in between procurement price and ceiling price.
Community Service Learning (CSL) Project Portable Shelving Units
Creators: name: Baugh, Nathan
name: Emslie, Greg
name: Gudsson, Jordaan
name: De Hart, Mike
name: Hu, Leo
name: Tang, Terrence
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Anti-charmed pentaquark $Θ_c (3099)$ from QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Kim, Hungchong
name: Lee, Su Houng
name: Oh, Yongseok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct QCD sum rules for the anti-charmed pentaquark $Θ_c (3099)$, recently reported at HERA. The sum rules are constructed similarly with the $Θ^+ (1540)$ sum rules using the anti-charmed analogue of the $Θ^+$ interpolating field. The strange quark and quark-gluon mixed condensates, which were important in the $Θ^+$ sum rules, are replaced by the gluon condensates whose contribution to the OPE is suppressed due to the heavy quark mass. Our result suggests that the parity of $Θ_c$ is positive. We identify the difference from the $Θ^+$ sum rule, which leads to the positive parity in this heavy-light pentaquark system. The obtained mass is similar to the experimental value.
description: 10 pages, the revised version to appear in PLB
Interface Studies of Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) Grown ZnSe-GaAs Heterovalent Structures
Creators: name: Fan, Zongjian
name: Yaddanapudi, Krishna
name: Bunk, Ryan
name: Mahajan, Subhash
name: Woodall, Jerry M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comprehensive investigations on ZnSe/GaAs and GaAs/ZnSe interfaces were carried out by photoluminescence (PL) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), as a part of realizing high quality ZnSe-GaAs (100) hetero-valent structures (HS). The nature of ZnSe/GaAs interface under different surface terminations of GaAs was examined. The ZnSe/Ga-terminated GaAs was found to have a superior optical and microstructural quality, with a chemical interface consisting of a mixture of both the GaAs and ZnSe atomic constituents. For GaAs/ZnSe interface studies, a low-temperature migration enhanced epitaxy (LT-MEE) growth technique was used to grow GaAs layers under the conditions compatible to the growth of ZnSe. Both Ga and As-initialized LT-MEE GaAs/ZnSe interfaces were investigated. A defective transition layer was observed along the As-initialized GaAs/ZnSe interface, which may be attributed to the formation Zn$_3$As$_2$ compound. The correlation between the observed optical as well as structural properties of both the (GaAs/ZnSe and ZnSe/GaAs) interfaces and the growth conditions used in this study are discussed in detail. This study could provide a valuable insight on the interface nature of ZnSe-GaAs HS.
Zeeman levels with exotic field dependence in the high field phase of a S=1 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chain
Creators: name: Hagiwara, M.
name: Honda, Z.
name: Katsumata, K.
name: Kolezhuk, A. K.
name: Mikeska, H. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed electron spin resonance measurements over a wide frequency and magnetic field range on a single crystal of the S=1 quasi-one-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet $\rm Ni(C_5H_{14}N_2)_2N_3(PF_6)$. We observed gapped excitation branches above the critical field ($H_{\rm c}$) where the Haldane gap closes. These branches are analyzed by a phenomenological field-theory using complex-field $ϕ^{4}$ model. A satisfactory agreement between experiment and theory is obtained.
description: 4 revtex pages, 3 eps figures included
title: Impact of a Post Registration Degree Programme for Occupational Therapists in Sri Lanka
Creators: name: Gardner, Marjorie Helen
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2019

description: This study evaluates the impact of a post registration degree programme in Occupational Therapy (OT) run by the University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, on the professional lives and professional practice of the first batch of students to complete the course (n=19). The students were all experienced, practising occupational therapists holding a Diploma in Occupational Therapy from the School of Occupational Therapy in Colombo, Sri Lanka. The degree programme was supported by Voluntary Services Overseas (VSO), the World Health Organisation (WHO), and the European Union (EU). Within a Realist Impact Evaluation (RIE) methodology, three strands of enquiry were synthesised: documentary analysis of documents relating to the course development, delivery and evaluation; qualitative semi-structured interviews with graduate first batch students (n=17); and qualitative semi-structured interviews with a range of stakeholders in the course (n=12). Expectations of impacts prior to course delivery were expressed by non-student stakeholders in broad terms such as ‘more comprehensive services of a better quality’ whereas students were more concerned with professional development. Specific outcomes reported by students included a stronger professional identity, increased confidence in their professional practice, opportunities for career development and a sense of what occupational therapy, as a profession, could achieve in Sri Lanka. Outcomes reported by non-student stakeholders related to service and societal benefit and capacity building within the occupational therapy profession. The mechanisms by which degree level education supported these outcomes were explored as well as the influence of contextual supports and barriers to transferring learning into practice. The overall impact of educating diploma holding occupational therapists to degree level has been to build capacity and capability in the profession, developing confident, client-centred, evidence-based practitioners and educators, such that future degree programmes are now sustainable without support from outside of Sri Lanka.
title: RNA Interference Approaches and Assessment of New Delivery Systems to Target Heparanase in Soft-tissue Sarcomas
Creators: name: Arrighetti, Noemi
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2019

description: Soft tissue sarcomas are rare tumours of mesenchymal origin characterised by high biomolecular complexity and heterogeneity. The clinical management of advanced diseases remains a major challenge which needs new therapeutic strategies.

 Mounting evidence supports that the heparanase/heparan sulfate proteoglycan system plays a key role in sustaining tumour progression and dissemination and preclinical studies suggest its potential relevance as a therapeutic target.

 To better understand the specific role of heparanase, we performed RNA interference in rhabdoid tumour and synovial sarcoma models, and assessed the functional effects of heparanase silencing. We tested both miRNA and siRNA targeting heparanase, but only siRNAs were able to silence mRNA and down-regulate the protein following transient transfection. The reduced expression and enzymatic activity of secreted heparanase observed upon siRNA transfection were consistent with a strong inhibition of cell migration and invasion capability. The expression of pro-angiogenic factors was also reduced both in rhabdoid tumour and synovial sarcoma cell lines. In contrast, we observed that heparanase localised in specific subcellular compartments was resistant to the siRNA effect.

 The clinical application of siRNA-based therapeutic strategies faces significant challenges, mainly due to siRNA in vivo poor stability and inefficient delivery. In this work, we evaluated the use of different nanodelivery systems aimed at overcoming these limitations.

 The first approach consisted of hybrid nanoparticles with a silica core and a pH-responsive hydrogel shell. These nanoparticles showed promising features, such as remarkable loading and efficient release of siRNA, endo-lysosomal escape and in vivo accumulation at the tumour site. Nevertheless, siRNA delivered through this approach did not inhibit heparanase expression. The second nanodelivery system was leukosome, a biomimetic nanoparticle with leukocyte proteins included in a phospholipidic bilayer. Leukosomes efficiently delivered siRNA into the cells avoiding the endo-lysosomal entrapment. Moreover, these biomimetic nanoparticles mainly accumulated at the tumour primary and metastatic sites. Despite these promising features, also leukosomes were unable to deliver an active siRNA.

 Overall, these findings demonstrate that specific inhibition of heparanase by gene silencing is a potential therapeutic approach for soft tissue sarcoma treatment. However, the siRNA delivery systems tested in this work, although promising in terms of tumour and metastasis targeting, still need further improvement to be suitable for nucleic acid delivery.
Heavy quark masses from Fermilab Fermions
Creators: name: Nobes, Matthew
name: Trottier, Howard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using automated perturbation theory techniques, we have computed the one-loop mass of Fermilab fermions, with an improved gluon action. We will present the results of these calculations, and the resulting predictions for the charm and bottom quark masses in the MSbar scheme. We report mc(mc) = 1:22(9) GeV and mb(mb) = 4:7(4) GeV. In addition we present results for the one-loop coeffcients of the Fermilab action.
description: 6 pages, contribution to Lattice 2005 (Heavy Quarks)
title: An Investigation Into the Existence of an Association of Neutrality With Four Difference Human Figure Prototype Drawings
Creators: name: Galpin, James
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2008

description: The current study was designed to investigate the outline human figure drawing, from a set of 4 human figure prototypes, which has the most neutral emotional associations for children. This will then enable future research to use this figure in drawing perception tasks. As a baseline figure with neutral association it can then have positive or negative characterisations projected onto, without the possible confound of the children having either a positive or negative preconception of the figure. This will improve the reliability of results gained in future drawing perception tasks, and therefore help to increase our understanding both of children’s drawing perception and drawing production. Seventy-eight children were assessed for their perception of each figure and asked to rate it on a seven-point Likert scale, with the figure being rated from ‘happy’ to ‘unhappy’. No one figure was universally viewed neutrally. The results are discussed in terms of which of the four figures would be the most reliable figure to be used in future studies.
An X-ray View of the Hot Circum-Galactic Medium
Creators: name: Li, Jiang-Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hot circum-galactic medium (CGM) represents the hot gas distributed beyond the stellar content of the galaxies while typically within their dark matter halos. It serves as a depository of energy and metal-enriched materials from galactic feedback and a reservoir from which the galaxy acquires fuels to form stars. It thus plays a critical role in the coevolution of galaxies and their environments. X-rays are one of the best ways to trace the hot CGM. I will briefly review what we have learned about the hot CGM based on X-ray observations over the past two decades, and what we still do not know. I will also briefly prospect what may be the foreseeable breakthrough in the next one or two decades with future X-ray missions.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables; AN in press; invited review for the XMM-Newton 2019 science workshop "Astrophysics of Hot Plasma in Extended X-ray Sources"
title: The History of Water at Lyot Crater, Mars: Possible Surface Manifestations of Ancient Groundwater and/or Recent Climate Change
Creators: name: Brooker, Laura
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2019

description: This thesis explores the history of water in and around Lyot crater (50°N, 30°E), a ~215 km impact crater on Mars. The primary research objective is to understand whether the landscape records the actions of both ancient subsurface water and recent atmospherically-derived water, to help determine whether the study area contains material of astrobiological interest. I first mapped the distribution of landforms and surface types potentially indicative of water and/or ice across the interior and ejecta blanket of Lyot crater. I identified landforms of particular interest to this study – fluvial channels, fan deposits and clastic polygonal networks – and recognised that the majority of fluvial features are within the crater interior. Using geomorphological mapping, I constructed a stratigraphic history of the units and landforms in the crater interior, providing context for the fluvial activity. Morphological study of the small channels and fan deposits suggests they have a subaerial origin, with water sourced from the melting of atmospherically-deposited ice-rich material, and reveals the presence of potential standing bodies of water within closed basins during the mid- to late- Amazonian. Clastic polygonal networks in the outer ejecta blanket were analysed: their spatial distribution indicates a genetic link to the impact event. A mechanism is proposed whereby thermal contraction cracks in ice-rich ground are modified to form angular clastic margins. Impact models, using iSALE hydrocode, show a maximum exhumation depth of 10-12 km for the Lyot-forming event, indicating that the cryosphere was penetrated and that outflow channels to the north could be groundwater related. Furthermore, pore ice/water in the inner ejecta might have been stable as liquid water, and later flowed into the region where the polygons formed. These results indicate a history of both ancient subsurface water and recent atmospheric water, and that Lyot Crater is a site of significant astrobiological interest.
Dipole and monopole modes in the Bose-Hubbard model in a trap
Creators: name: Lundh, Emil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lowest-lying collective modes of a trapped Bose gas in an optical lattice are studied in the Bose-Hubbard model. An exact diagonalization of the Hamiltonian is performed in a one-dimensional five-particle system in order to find the lowest few eigenstates. Dipole and breathing character of the eigenstates is confirmed in the limit where the tunneling dominates the dynamics, but under Mott-like conditions the excitations do not correspond to oscillatory modes.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures; submitted to Phys. Rev. A
Agrilus sulcatulus Chevrolat 1835
Creators: name: Curletti, Gianfranco
name: Migliore, Letizia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Buprestidae
Agrilus
Agrilus sulcatulus

description: Agrilus sulcatulus Chevrolat, 1835
 Agrilus sulcatulus Chevrolat, 1835: 139.
 Material examinado: MÉXICO, 3 exs.
description: Published as part of Curletti, Gianfranco & Migliore, Letizia, 2014, O gênero Agrilus Curtis, 1829 nas coleções do Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), pp. 81-106 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) (São Paulo) 54 (8) on page 104, DOI: 10.1590/0031-1049.2014.54.08, http://zenodo.org/record/4656297
Troubles with Spacetime Noncommutative Theories: Tachyons or S-branes?
Creators: name: Bak, Dongsu
name: Kim, Seok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find Lorentzian solutions of spacetime noncommutative gauge theories that are localized exponentially in space and time. Together with time translational invariance of the theories, we argue that perurbative S matrix formulation of such theories is problematic in the sense that the S matrix based on free in and out states misses the spacetime localized degrees. We show that, in 3+1 dimensions, the problem disappears for the cases where the noncommutativity becomes purely spatial by an appropriate Lorentz transformation or the noncommutativity is lightlike with its electric and magnetic parts orthogonal to each other.
description: 10 pages, references added, more solutions added, reference added
A Cornucopia of AdS$_5$ Vacua
Creators: name: Bobev, Nikolay
name: Fischbacher, Thomas
name: Gautason, Fridrik Freyr
name: Pilch, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a systematic search for AdS$_5$ vacua corresponding to critical points of the potential in the five-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=8$ SO(6) gauged supergravity. By employing Google's TensorFlow Machine Learning library, we find the total of 32 critical points including 5 previously known ones. All 27 new critical points are non-supersymmetric. We compute the mass spectra of scalar fluctuatons for all points and find that the non-supersymmetric AdS$_5$ vacua are perturbatively unstable. Many of the new critical points can be found analytically within consistent truncations of the $\mathcal{N}=8$ supergravity with respect to discrete subgroups of the S(O(6)$\times$ GL(2,$\mathbb{R}$)) symmetry of the potential. In particular, we discuss in detail a $\mathbb{Z}_2^3$-invariant truncation with 10 scalar fields and 15 critical points. We also compute explicitly the scalar potential in a $\mathbb{Z}_2^2$-invariant extension of that truncation to 18 scalar fields and reproduce 17 of the 32 critical points from the numerical search. Finally, we show that the full potential as a function of 42 scalar fields can be studied analytically using the so-called solvable parametrization. In particular, we find that all critical points lie in a $\mathbb{Z}_2$-invariant subspace spanned by 22 scalar fields.
description: 48 pages. v2: Corrections made and a new section added
title: Ecology of Cryptococcus neoformans in Vietnam
Creators: name: Phan, Hai-Trieu
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2019

description: Cryptococcal meningitis is an infection with Cryptococcus species; almost all disease occurs in immunosuppressed patients due to C. neoformans. Cryptococcus spp are environmental saprophytes; the ability to cause disease is considered an accident of adaptation to their ecological niche.

 In Southeast Asia, cryptococcal meningitis in immunocompetent individuals is well-described and is almost always due to the C. neoformans ST5 (VNIa-5) lineage. I hypothesize this lineage has relative increased pathogenicity. The aims of this thesis were to: identify the ecological niche of C. neoformans; define the diversity of C. neoformans in Vietnam; compare the virulence of different genotypes, and; define transcriptional differences associated with virulence.

 I identified spatial clustering of lineages VNIa-4, VNIa-5 and VNIa-32. Environmental sampling yielded 123 cryptococci the majority of which were non-pathogenic.

 Using the G. mellonella infection model I identified an ‘ecological imprint’ on isolates. Within a lineage, the virulence of an isolate is determined by its source – environmental, immunosuppressed or immunocompetent patient. Moreover, the virulence of environmental C. neoformans can be upregulated by clinical strains of that lineage. This ‘induction’ effect is regulated by a protein/peptide signaling system. Comparative transcriptomics revealed 1700 genes differentially expressed between clinical and environmental isolates. Gene ontology (GO) terms relevant to metabolism and cellular biosynthesis were enriched in clinical isolates; GO terms relevant to cell cycle and cell division were significantly enriched in induced environmental isolates. Clinical and induced environmental isolates had highly similar transcriptomes. A number of genes previously confirmed as virulence determinants were upregulated in clinical and induced environmental isolates; a third of differentially expressed genes between the induced and `naive' isolates were hypothetical proteins. These are novel candidates implicated in the upregulation of virulence. My findings provide insight into ecology of C. neoformans in Vietnam and the genetic control of virulence.
Disorder-induced phases in the S=1 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain
Creators: name: Lajkó, Péter
name: Carlon, Enrico
name: Rieger, Heiko
name: Iglói, Ferenc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use extensive density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) calculations to explore the phase diagram of the random S=1 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain with a power-law distribution of the exchange couplings. We use open chains and monitor the lowest gaps, the end-to-end correlation function, and the string order parameter. For this distribution at weak disorder, the systems is in the gapless Haldane phase with a disorder dependent dynamical exponent, z, and z=1 signals, the border between the nonsingular and singular regions of the local susceptibility. For strong enough disorder, which approximately corresponds to a uniform distribution, a transition into the random singlet phase is detected, at which the string order parameter as well as the average end-to-end correlation function are vanishing and at the same time the dynamical exponent is divergent. Singularities of physical quantities are found to be somewhat different in the random singlet phase and in the critical point.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Characterizing the spatial pattern of solar supergranulation using the bispectrum
Creators: name: Böning, Vincent G. A.
name: Birch, Aaron C.
name: Gizon, Laurent
name: Duvall, Thomas L.
name: Schou, Jesper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Context. The spatial power spectrum of supergranulation does not fully characterize the underlying physics of turbulent convection. For example, it does not describe the non-Gaussianity in the horizontal flow divergence. Aims. Our aim is to statistically characterize the spatial pattern of solar supergranulation beyond the power spectrum. The next-order statistic is the bispectrum. It measures correlations of three Fourier components and is related to the nonlinearities in the underlying physics. Methods. We estimated the bispectrum of supergranular horizontal surface divergence maps that were obtained using local correlation tracking (LCT) and time-distance helioseismology (TD) from one year of data from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on-board the Solar Dynamics Observatory starting in May 2010. Results. We find significantly nonzero and consistent estimates for the bispectrum. The strongest nonlinearity is present when the three coupling wave vectors are at the supergranular scale. These are the same wave vectors that are present in regular hexagons, which were used in analytical studies of solar convection. At these Fourier components, the bispectrum is positive, consistent with the positive skewness in the data and with supergranules preferentially consisting of outflows surrounded by a network of inflows. We use the bispectrum to generate synthetic divergence maps that are very similar to the data by a model that consists of a Gaussian term and a weaker quadratic nonlinear component. Thereby, we estimate the fraction of the variance in the divergence maps from the nonlinear component to be of the order of 4-6%. Conclusions. We propose that bispectral analysis is useful for understanding solar turbulent convection, for example for comparing observations and numerical models of supergranular flows. This analysis may also be useful to generate synthetic flow fields.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication by A&A
title: The Humoral Response against Salmonella Typhi Protein Antigens During Acute, Convalescent, and Chronic Typhoid Fever
Creators: name: Tran, Vu Thieu Nga
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2019

description: Enteric (typhoid) fever is a life-threatening disease caused by the Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovars Typhi (S. Typhi) and Paratyphi A, B, and C (S. Paratyphi A, B, and C). The disease still causes major public health problems in low- and middle-income countries, principally in Asia and Africa. The increasing frequency of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extended-drug resistant isolates (XDR) of S. Typhi and an increasing incidence of S. Paratyphi A mean that the international dynamics of enteric fever are changing. These changes add urgency to the demand for more efficient enteric fever control campaigns. The aim of this thesis was to assess control measures for enteric fever in Vietnam and to develop techniques that can be used as further control methods. I firstly systemically reviewed retrospective information regarding enteric fever in Vietnam and combined these data with data on economic development. This investigation revealed that national economic growth, the provision of improved quality drinking water, and better sanitation were likely the greatest contributors to the decline and ultimate elimination of enteric fever in Vietnam. My work then evaluated the serodiagnostic potential of a panel of novel S. Typhi protein antigens and the Vi capsular polysaccharide (Vi) in a group of patients with febrile diseases in Bangladesh. These data demonstrated the utility of serology for typhoid diagnostics when exploiting a combination of Vi and at least one protein antigen. I then assessed the acquisition of antibody against typhoid toxin during natural S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A infections and measured the capability of these antibodies to neutralise the toxin. The data provided supporting evidence for generating an antitoxin treatment for enteric fever (caused by both S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A), and potentially encourages the use of typhoid toxin in vaccine formulations. Within the scope of searching for vaccine novel candidates, my work further identified a panel of immunogenic antigens shared between S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A that can stimulate an antibody response which can instigate bactericidal killing during natural infection. Finally, by exploiting the unique immunological profiles of S. Typhi carriers (cytokines and antibody), I developed a method of identifying S. Typhi carriers and estimating the prevalence of S. Typhi carriage in a typhoid endemic population. My findings will potentially lead to the development of novel enteric fever control strategies. I conclude that improved case detection and widespread vaccination campaigns using polyvalent Salmonella vaccines should be initiated for reducing the burden of enteric fever in endemic areas.
Blepharidatta W. M. Wheeler 1915
Creators: name: Ulysséa, Mônica Antunes
name: Prado, Lívia P.
name: Brandão, Carlos Roberto F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Blepharidatta

description: Genus Blepharidatta W.M. Wheeler, 1915: 484
 Blepharidatta brasiliensis W.M. Wheeler, 1915: 484. Syntype: 1W, [BRAZIL], Pa [rá], Belém, 15.v.1915, C.W. Beebe [leg.]. Worker with disarticulated postpetiole and gaster.
 Blepharidatta conops Kempf, 1967: 355. Holotype: 1W, Paratypes: 3W, [BRAZIL], MT[the correct locality is Mato Grosso do Sul /MS], Três Lagoas, 28.v.1964, [K. Lenko leg.], Exp [dição do] Depto [Departamento de] Zool [ogia], #4131.
description: Published as part of Ulysséa, Mônica Antunes, Prado, Lívia P. & Brandão, Carlos Roberto F., 2015, Type specimens of the traditional Myrmicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) ant tribes deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil: Adelomyrmecini, Basicerotini, Blepharidatt ini, Crematogastrini, Formicoxenini, Lenomyrmecini, Myrmicini, Phalacromyrmecini, Pheidolini, Stegomyrmecini, Stenammini and Tetramoriini, pp. 175-204 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) (São Paulo) 55 (12) on pages 181-182, DOI: 10.1590/0031-1049.2015.55.12, http://zenodo.org/record/4656343
Deriving Theoretically Sound Price Series for Hypothetical Futures Contracts
Creators: name: Thompson, Robert
name: Harri, Ardian
name: Maples, Joshua
name: Park, Eunchun
name: Thompson, Robert
name: Harri, Ardian
name: Maples, Joshua
name: Park, Eunchun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: futures
subject: risk management

description: Changing the underlying spot prices that a futures contract is based upon is sometimes considered. However, it is uncertain whether the new contract will outperform the existing contract until it is implemented. A tool that could derive a different futures contract’s price series, that is, one based on a different underlying spot price, from the existing futures price series could be useful in evaluating the potential of a new futures contract. In this paper, using Schwartz and Smith (2000) and Schwartz (1997) two factor model, we develop methods to derive a price series for a futures contract that is based on a different spot price than an existing futures contract. Live hog futures underwent this change in 1996, going from being based on the live hog price to the lean hog index price and being renamed lean hog futures. In 1996 there was a period of time when both live hog futures contracts and lean hog futures contracts were trading. We use our methods to generate the lean hog futures price series and compare our generated lean hog futures price series to the observed prices of the lean hog futures contract during 1996.
Cosmological acceleration, varying couplings, and Lorentz breaking
Creators: name: Bertolami, Orfeu
name: Lehnert, Ralf
name: Potting, Robertus
name: Ribeiro, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many candidate fundamental theories contain scalar fields that can acquire spacetime-varying expectation values in a cosmological context. Such scalars typically obey Lorentz-violating effective dispersion relations. We illustrate this fact within a simple supergravity model that also exhibits the observed late-time cosmological acceleration and implies varying electromagnetic couplings.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
Two-moment scheme for general-relativistic radiation hydrodynamics: a systematic description and new applications
Creators: name: Weih, Lukas R.
name: Olivares, Hector
name: Rezzolla, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a systematic description of the steps necessary -- and of the potential pitfalls to be encountered -- when implementing a two-moment scheme within an Implicit-Explicit (IMEX) scheme to include radiative-transfer contributions in numerical simulations of general-relativistic (magneto-)hydrodynamics. We make use of the M1 closure, which provides an exact solution for the optically thin and thick limit, and an interpolation between these limits. Special attention is paid to the efficient solution of the emerging set of implicit conservation equations. In particular, we present an efficient method for solving these equations via the inversion of a $4\times 4$-matrix within an IMEX scheme. While this method relies on a few approximations, it offers a very good compromise between accuracy and computational efficiency. After a large number of tests in special relativity, we couple our new radiation code, \texttt{FRAC}, with the general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamics code \texttt{BHAC} to investigate the radiative Michel solution, namely, the problem of spherical accretion onto a black hole in the presence of a radiative field. By performing the most extensive exploration of the parameter space for this problem, we find that the accretion's efficiency can be expressed in terms of physical quantities such as temperature, $T$, luminosity, $L$, and black-hole mass, $M$, via the expression $\varepsilon=(L/L_{\rm Edd})/(\dot{M}/\dot{M}_{\rm Edd})= 7.41\times 10^{-7}\left(T/10^6\,\mathrm{K}\right)^{0.22} \left(L/L_\odot\right)^{0.48} \left(M/M_\odot\right)^{0.48}$, where $L_{\mathrm{Edd}}$ and $\dot{M}_{\mathrm{Edd}}$ are the Eddington luminosity and accretion rate, respectively. Finally, we also consider the accretion problem away from spherical symmetry, finding that the solution is stable under perturbations in the radiation field.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures, matches version accepted to MNRAS
Kondo lattice model with a direct exchange interaction between localized moments
Creators: name: Kim, Mun Dae
name: Kim, Chul Koo
name: Hong, Jongbae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Kondo lattice model with a direct antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between localized moments. Ferromagnetically long-range ordered state coexisting with the Kondo screening shows a continuous quantum phase transition to the Kondo singlet state. We obtain the value of the critical point where the magnetizations of the localized moments and the conduction electrons vanish. The magnetization curves yield a universal critical exponent independent of the filling factors and the strength of the interaction between localized moments. It is shown that the direct exchange interaction between localized moments introduces another phase transition from an antiferromagnetic ordering to a ferromagnetic ordering for small Kondo exchange interaction. We also explain the local minimum of the Kondo temperature in recent experiments.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, final version