cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Multi-Stop Routing Optimization: A Genetic Algorithm Approach
Creators: name: Hommadi, Abbas
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2018

description: In this research, we investigate and propose new operators to improve Genetic Algorithm’s performance to solve the multi-stop routing problem. In a multi-stop route, a user starts at point x, visits all destinations exactly once, and then return to the same starting point. In this thesis, we are interested in two types of this problem. The first type is when the distance among destinations is fixed. In this case, it is called static traveling salesman problem. The second type is when the cost among destinations is affected by traffic congestion. Thus, the time among destinations changes during the day. In this case, it is called time-dependent traveling salesman problem. This research proposes new improvements on genetic algorithm to solve each of these two optimization problems.
First, the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of the most important and attractive combinatorial optimization problems. There are many meta-heuristic algorithms that can solve this problem. In this paper, we use a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to solve it. GA uses different operators: selection, crossover, and mutation. Sequential Constructive Crossover (SCX) and Bidirectional Circular Constructive Crossover (BCSCX) are efficient to solve TSP. Here, we propose a modification to these crossovers. The experimental results show that our proposed adjustment is superior to SCX and BCSCX as well as to other conventional crossovers (e.g. Order Crossover (OX), Cycle Crossover (CX), and Partially Mapped Crossover (PMX)) in term of solution quality and convergence speed. Furthermore, the GA solver, that is improved by applying inexpensive local search operators, can produce solutions that have much better quality within reasonable computational time.
Second, the Time-Dependent Traveling Salesman Problem (TDTSP) is an interesting problem and has an impact on real-life applications such as a delivery system. In this problem, time among destinations fluctuates during the day due to traffic, weather, accidents, or other events. Thus, it is important to recommend a tour that can save driver’s time and resources. In this research, we propose a Multi-Population Genetic Algorithm (MGA) where each population has different crossovers. We compare the proposed MG against Single-Population Genetic Algorithm (SGA) in terms of tour time solution quality. Our finding is that MGA outperforms SGA. Our method is tested against real-world traffic data [1] where there are 200 different instances with different numbers of destinations. For all tested instances, MGA is superior on average by at least 10% (for instances with size less than 50) and 20% (for instances of size 50) better tour time solution compared to SGA with OX and SGA with PMX operators, and at least 4% better tour time compared toga with SCX operator.
title: Utilidad del AngioTC en el diagnóstico de aneurismas y seudoaneurismas de localización atípica
Creators: name: Serrano Puche, Felix
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Vascular
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Haemorrhage

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Revisar el papel del AngioTC en el diagnóstico de aneurismas y seudoaneurismas en diferentes territorios,
tanto en casos que se manifiestan de forma urgente con sangrado activo como para confirmar su presencia si se sospechan al realizar otras...
title: ¡Atención! Contraste en el lugar equivocado:  Manejo actual del blush arterial y otras lesiones vasculares diagnosticadas mediante TCMD en pacientes politraumatizados graves.
Creators: name: Peghini Gavilanes, Esteban
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Vascular
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Embolisation
subject: Surgery
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Acute
subject: Blood

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
Determinar la incidencia de lesión vascular en pacientes con politraumatismo estudiados mediante tomografía computarizada multi-detector (TCMD) en el servicio de urgencias de nuestro centro,
en un período de 1 año. Analizar la importancia del...
title: Lesión quística en páncreas ¿pseudoquiste o neoplasia quística?
Creators: name: Garrido Blázquez, Montserrat
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Pancreas
subject: Abdomen

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Caracterización de las diferentes lesiones quísticas pancreáticas describiendo los hallazgos radiológicos. Diagnóstico de las lesiones pancreáticas quísticas que necesitan tratamiento...
Constraints on Neutrino Masses from Weak Lensing
Creators: name: Ichiki, Kiyotomo
name: Takada, Masahiro
name: Takahashi, Tomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The weak lensing (WL) distortions of distant galaxy images are sensitive to neutrino masses by probing the suppression effect on clustering strengths of total matter in large-scale structure. We use the latest measurement of WL correlations, the CFHTLS data, to explore constraints on neutrino masses. We find that, while the WL data alone cannot place a stringent limit on neutrino masses due to parameter degeneracies, the constraint can be significantly improved when combined with other cosmological probes, the WMAP 5-year (WMAP5) data and the distance measurements of type-Ia supernovae (SNe) and baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO). The upper bounds on the sum of neutrino masses are m_tot = 1.1, 0.76 and 0.54 eV (95% CL) for WL+WMAP5, WMAP5+SNe+BAO, and WL+WMAP5+SNe+BAO, respectively, assuming a flat LCDM model with finite-mass neutrinos. In deriving these constraints, our analysis includes the non-Gaussian covariances of the WL correlation functions to properly take into account significant correlations between different angles.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures. References added, accepted for publication in PRD
Influence of Lipid Heterogeneity and Phase Behavior on Phospholipase A2 Action at the Single Molecule Level
Creators: name: Gudmand, M.
name: Rocha, S.
name: Hatzakis, N. S.
name: Peneva, K.
name: Muellen, K.
name: Stamou, D.
name: Uji-I, H.
name: Hofkens, J.
name: Bjornholm, T.
name: Heimburg, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We monitored the action of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) on L- and D-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) Langmuir monolayers by mounting a Langmuir-trough on a wide-field fluorescence microscope with single molecule sensitivity. This made it possible to directly visualize the activity and diffusion behavior of single PLA2 molecules in a heterogeneous lipid environment during active hydrolysis. The experiments showed that enzyme molecules adsorbed and interacted almost exclusively with the fluid region of the DPPC monolayers. Domains of gel state L-DPPC were degraded exclusively from the gel-fluid interface where the build-up of negatively charged hydrolysis products, fatty acid salts, led to changes in the mobility of PLA2. The mobility of individual enzymes on the monolayers was characterized by single particle tracking (SPT). Diffusion coefficients of enzymes adsorbed to the fluid interface were between 3 mu m^2/s on the L-DPPC and 4.6 mu m^/s on the D-DPPC monolayers. In regions enriched with hydrolysis products the diffusion dropped to approx. 0.2 mu m^2/s. In addition, slower normal and anomalous diffusion modes were seen at the L-DPPC gel domain boundaries where hydrolysis took place. The average residence times of the enzyme in the fluid regions of the monolayer and on the product domain were between approx. 30 and 220 ms. At the gel domains it was below the experimental time resolution, i.e. enzymes were simply reflected from the gel domains back into solution.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Yoruba Metaphysics, Folkloric Dimensions, Orality and Meaning in Femi Osofisan's Women of Owu
Creators: name: ADEBUA Babatundeolanrewaju
name: ONAJOBI Oluwafunmilolaolayinka
name: OLU-OSAYOMI Olusegun
name: ADISA Akinkorede Somana
name: IKUELOGBON Kehinde
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cultural Ideals, Folklore, Literary Pragmatics, Yoruba Metaphysics, Yoruba Oral Tradition.

description: Abstract

Within African literary architecture, new trends have continually rendered the demarcation among literary genres more opaque. Such opacity is evident in the thinning line between oral and written literary traditions. Many literary writers have adapted the elements of oral literature, such as songs, storytelling, folktales and proverbs in their works. Femi Osofisan, a second generation Nigerian playwright has made use of Yoruba metaphysics and orality extensively in several of his plays. In Women of Owu, an adaptation of The Trojan Women, A Greek tragedy by Euripides, Osofisan borrows greatly from Yoruba traditions to accentuate the meaning potentials and dialectics of his art. There is extensive use of historical resources, tales, proverbs, songs, praise poetry, myths, rituals, dirges, and para-language, which inform the reader and adds aesthetic quality to the play. The paper concludes that, the use of Yoruba metaphysical and folkloric elements lend meaning and help to propagate the cultural ideals and values of the Yoruba people.
Investigating the robustness of the classical enzyme kinetic equations in small intracellular compartments
Creators: name: Grima, Ramon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Classical descriptions of enzyme kinetics ignore the physical nature of the intracellular environment. Main implicit assumptions behind such approaches are that reactions occur in compartment volumes which are large enough so that molecular discreteness can be ignored and that molecular transport occurs via diffusion. Starting from a master equation description of enzyme reaction kinetics and assuming metabolic steady-state conditions, we derive novel mesoscopic rate equations which take into account (i) the intrinsic molecular noise due to the low copy number of molecules in intracellular compartments (ii) the physical nature of the substrate transport process, i.e. diffusion or vesicle-mediated transport. These equations replace the conventional macroscopic and deterministic equations in the context of intracellular kinetics. The latter are recovered in the limit of infinite compartment volumes. We find that deviations from the predictions of classical kinetics are pronounced (hundreds of percent in the estimate for the reaction velocity) for enzyme reactions occurring in compartments which are smaller than approximately 200nm, for the case of substrate transport to the compartment being mediated principally by vesicle or granule transport and in the presence of competitive enzyme inhibitors. This has implications for the common approach of modelling large intracellular reaction networks using ordinary differential equations and also for the calculation of the effective dosage of competitive inhibitor drugs.
Venusian phosphine: a 'Wow!' signal in chemistry?
Creators: name: Bains, William
name: Petkowski, Janusz J.
name: Seager, Sara
name: Ranjan, Sukrit
name: Sousa-Silva, Clara
name: Rimmer, Paul B.
name: Zhan, Zhuchang
name: Greaves, Jane S.
name: Richards, Anita M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The potential detection of ppb levels phosphine (PH3) in the clouds of Venus through millimeter-wavelength astronomical observations is extremely surprising as PH3 is an unexpected component of an oxidized environment of Venus. A thorough analysis of potential sources suggests that no known process in the consensus model of Venus' atmosphere or geology could produce PH3 at anywhere near the observed abundance. Therefore, if the presence of PH3 in Venus' atmosphere is confirmed, it is highly likely to be the result of a process not previously considered plausible for Venusian conditions. The source of atmospheric PH3 could be unknown geo- or photochemistry, which would imply that the consensus on Venus' chemistry is significantly incomplete. An even more extreme possibility is that strictly aerial microbial biosphere produces PH3. This paper summarizes the Venusian PH3 discovery and the scientific debate that arose since the original candidate detection one year ago.
description: A short overview of the Venusian PH3 discovery and the scientific debate that arose since the original candidate detection in September 2020. Additional discussion of possible non-canonical sources of PH3 on Venus is also included. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2009.06499
Numerical study of graphene as a channel material for field-effect transistors
Creators: name: Grassi, Roberto <1982>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: ING-INF/01 Elettronica

description: Graphene excellent properties make it a promising candidate for building future nanoelectronic devices. Nevertheless, the absence of an energy gap is an open problem for the transistor application. In this thesis, graphene nanoribbons and pattern-hydrogenated graphene, two alternatives for inducing an energy gap in graphene, are investigated by means of numerical simulations. A tight-binding NEGF code is developed for the simulation of GNR-FETs. To speed up the simulations, the non-parabolic effective mass model and the mode-space tight-binding method are developed. The code is used for simulation studies of both conventional and tunneling FETs. The simulations show the great potential of conventional narrow GNR-FETs, but highlight at the same time the leakage problems in the off-state due to various tunneling mechanisms. The leakage problems become more severe as the width of the devices is made larger, and thus the band gap smaller, resulting in a poor on/off current ratio. The tunneling FET architecture can partially solve these problems thanks to the improved subthreshold slope; however, it is also shown that edge roughness, unless well controlled, can have a detrimental effect in the off-state performance. In the second part of this thesis, pattern-hydrogenated graphene is simulated by means of a tight-binding model. A realistic model for patterned hydrogenation, including disorder, is developed. The model is validated by direct comparison of the momentum-energy resolved density of states with the experimental angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The scaling of the energy gap and the localization length on the parameters defining the pattern geometry is also presented. The results suggest that a substantial transport gap can be attainable with experimentally achievable hydrogen concentration.
title: Modernizing Composition with an Online Photography-Themed Course
Creators: name: Richards, Sharolyn
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2018

description: In this thesis, I argue that it is important for students in a Freshman English Composition class to learn to compose with images and text. This builds on what other research and professors have done in having students turn in multimedia compositions. Since there is opportunity for students to compose with images and text in print as well as online, it is important for them to know how images and text work together. This thesis includes the research I did and lesson modules for an example semester.
Noise analysis in the European Pulsar Timing Array data release 2 and its implications on the gravitational-wave background search
Creators: name: Chalumeau, A.
name: Babak, S.
name: Petiteau, A.
name: Chen, S.
name: Samajdar, A.
name: Caballero, R. N.
name: Theureau, G.
name: Guillemot, L.
name: Desvignes, G.
name: Parthasarathy, A.
name: Liu, K.
name: Shaifullah, G.
name: Hu, H.
name: van der Wateren, E.
name: Antoniadis, J.
name: Nielsen, A. -S. Bak
name: Bassa, C. G.
name: Berthereau, A.
name: Burgay, M.
name: Champion, D. J.
name: Cognard, I.
name: Falxa, M.
name: Ferdman, R. D.
name: Freire, P. C. C.
name: Gair, J. R.
name: Graikou, E.
name: Guo, Y. J.
name: Jang, J.
name: Janssen, G. H.
name: Karuppusamy, R.
name: Keith, M. J.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Lee, K. J.
name: Liu, X. J.
name: Lyne, A. G.
name: Main, R. A.
name: McKee, J. W.
name: Mickaliger, M. B.
name: Perera, B. B. P.
name: Perrodin, D.
name: Porayko, N. K.
name: Possenti, A.
name: Sanidas, S. A.
name: Sesana, A.
name: Speri, L.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: Tiburzi, C.
name: Vecchio, A.
name: Verbiest, J. P. W.
name: Wang, J.
name: Wang, L.
name: Xu, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) collaboration has recently released an extended data set for six pulsars (DR2) and reported evidence for a common red noise signal. Here we present a noise analysis for each of the six pulsars. We consider several types of noise: (i) radio frequency independent, "achromatic", and time-correlated red noise; (ii) variations of dispersion measure and scattering; (iii) system and band noise; and (iv) deterministic signals (other than gravitational waves) that could be present in the PTA data. We perform Bayesian model selection to find the optimal combination of noise components for each pulsar. Using these custom models we revisit the presence of the common uncorrelated red noise signal previously reported in the EPTA DR2 and show that the data still supports it with a high statistical significance. Next, we confirm that there is no preference for or against the Hellings-Downs spatial correlations expected for the stochastic gravitational-wave background. The main conclusion of the EPTA DR2 paper remains unchanged despite a very significant change in the noise model of each pulsar. However, modelling the noise is essential for the robust detection of gravitational waves and its impact could be significant when analysing the next EPTA data release, which will include a larger number of pulsars and more precise measurements.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, 7 tables, 1 appendix figure and 1 appendix table, accepted for publication to MNRAS
Kaehler Metrics: String vs Field Theoretical Approach
Creators: name: Di Vecchia, P.
name: Liccardo, A.
name: Marotta, R.
name: Pezzella, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use both a string and a field theoretical approach in order to determine respectively the Kaehler metrics of untwisted and twisted open strings attached to magnetized D9 branes in toroidal compactifications.
description: 11 pages, LaTex file. Contribution to the proceedings of the 4th RTN workshop "Forces Universe", Varna, September 2008
Studio del processo CVI/CVD per lo sviluppo di compositi ceramici rinforzati a fibra lunga
Creators: name: Burgio, Federica <1975>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: CHIM/04 Chimica industriale

description: The most relevant thermo-mechanical properties of SiC or C based CFCCs are high strength, high toughness, low weight, high reliability, thermal shock and fatigue resistance. Thanks to these special characteristics, the CFCCs are the best candidates to substitute metals and monolithic ceramics, traditionally employed to realize components in energy, aeronautic and nuclear fields.
Among the commonly techniques for the CFCCs production, CVI still represents the most significant one. Its main advantages are the versatility, the high quality deposits and the fact that it is conducted under mild temperature conditions. On the other hand, this technique is quite complex, therefore the set up of all process parameters needs long development time. 
The main purpose of the present study was to analyze the parameters controlling the CVD and CVI processes. Specifically, deposition and infiltration of SiC and Py-C tests were conducted on non-porous and porous substrates. The experiments were performed with a pilot size Isothermal/Isobaric CVI plant, designed and developed by ENEA. To guarantee the control of the process parameters, a previously optimization of the plant was needed. 
Changing temperature, pressure, flow rates and methane/hydrogen ratio, the Py-C deposition rate value, for an optimal fibre/matrix interphase thickness, was determined. It was also underlined the hydrogen inhibiting effect over the Py-C deposition rate.
Regarding SiC morphologies, a difference between the inner and outer substrate surfaces was observed, as a consequence of a flow rate non-uniformity.
In the case of the Cf/C composites development, the key parameter of the CVI process was the gas residence time. In fact, the hydrogen inhibiting effect was evident only with high value of residence time. Furthermore, lower the residence time more homogeneous the Py-C deposition rate was obtained along the reaction chamber axis. Finally, a CVD and CVI theoretical modelling was performed.
EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE: A HUGE ROLE FOR COLLEGE TEACHERS IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Creators: name: NEHA
name: Dr. PREETHI SHESHADRI
name: Dr. A. CHITRA DEVI
name: Dr. M. SURYAKUMAR
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Abstract

Purpose: This research tries to clarify the elements that influence college professors' worries about hierarchies. The study utilized the GARRETT Ranking and SEM apparatus, known for its ability to provide accurate readings. Educators may maintain a peaceful work environment and manage their duties effectively by possessing adequate knowledge and training in Emotional Intelligence. Design/ methodology/ approach: A disproportionate stratified random sample technique was used to poll 500 respondents for this investigation. Findings:  Results Indicate that college teachers say EI “helps them to have a stress free and have proper engaged work environment if they are given awareness and training on Emotional Intelligence”. Future Implications: To fully grasp how stakeholder expectations affect work-life balance, it is advisable to attend regular training sessions. Future research should use our method and concentrate on educating instructors for special education.
Curvature in the scaling relations of early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Hyde, J. B.
name: Bernardi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We select a sample of about 50,000 early-type galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), calibrate fitting formulae which correct for known problems with photometric reductions of extended objects, apply these corrections, and then measure a number of pairwise scaling relations in the corrected sample. We show that, because they are not seeing corrected, the use of Petrosian-based quantities in magnitude limited surveys leads to biases, and suggest that this is one reason why Petrosian-based analyses of BCGs have failed to find significant differences from the bulk of the early-type population. These biases are not present when seeing-corrected parameters derived from deVaucouleur fits are used. Most of the scaling relations we study show evidence for curvature: the most luminous galaxies have smaller velocity dispersions, larger sizes, and fainter surface brightnesses than expected if there were no curva-ture. These statements remain true if we replace luminosities with stellar masses; they suggest that dissipation is less important at the massive end. There is curvature in the dynamical to stellar mass relation as well: the ratio of dynamical to stellar mass increases as stellar mass increases, but it curves upwards from this scaling both at small and large stellar masses. In all cases, the curvature at low masses becomes apparent when the sample becomes dominated by objects with stellar masses smaller than 3 x 10^10 M_Sun. We quantify all these trends using second order polynomials; these generally provide significantly better description of the data than linear fits, except at the least luminous end.
description: 15 pages, 17 figures, Accepted by MNRAS
GREEN CHEMISTRY AND THE FUTURE OF LITHIUM BATTERY RECYCLING
Creators: name: VANAPARTHI VINEETH
name: KUNTA PRANAV REDDY
name: GADDI VIDYASREE
name: SHAIK IMRAN
name: P. SARATH
name: M. SHIREESHA
name: ARADHYULA JATIN BHANU SHANKAR
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Spent Batteries, Recycling, Sustainable Resource Management, Conservation Of Resources, Dangerous Mining Operations, Carbon Footprint, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Lower Environmental Impact, Hazardous Compounds, Soil Contamination, Water Contamination, Cost-Effectiveness, Global Demand, Public Awareness, Environmental Benefits.

description: Abstract

Spent batteries, which are omnipresent in modern life, have a dual challenge: disposal causes environmental damage, but recycling offers a transformational alternative. Battery recycling is a critical step towards more sustainable resource management. Recycling not only conserves resources, but also reduces the need for dangerous mining operations by preserving important elements like lithium, cobalt, and nickel. This strict recycling strategy dramatically decreases carbon footprint, promoting a circular economy in which materials are used rather than discarded. Nonetheless, life cycle assessment (LCA) is an effective method for guiding the development of higher-performing batteries with a lower environmental impact. This study investigates typical procedures in lithium-ion battery life cycle assessments and gives recommendations for future studies that are more interpretable, representative, and effective. Proper disposal keeps hazardous compounds from seeping into the environment, decreasing soil and water contamination. However, challenges persist, including technological limitations, cost-effectiveness, and the global demand for standard recycling methods. Increased public awareness and concerted efforts among businesses, governments, and consumers are necessary to optimize the environmental benefits of battery recycling, assuring a brighter future for future generations.
Potential of enhanced rock weathering deployed with UK agriculture to sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide
Creators: name: Beerling, David
name: Kantzas, Euripides
name: Val Martin, Maria
name: Espinosa, Rafael
name: pidgeon, nick
name: banwart, steve
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Climate change science not elsewhere classified

description: A major new detailed simulation-based analysis reports the first robust estimates of net carbon sequestration for UK farmland by implementing enhanced rock weathering (EW) with basalt, a common natural silicate rock, between 2020 and 2070.
 Major findings are that EW with UK arable land could sequester a maximum of 6-30 million tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) per year by 2070. This represents up to 45% of the CO 2 emissions removal required for our net-zero by 2050 commitment, with a maximum energy demand of 0.6% of the UK’s power production (i.e. less than 1TWh yr -1 ).
 Costs of CO 2 by EW are highly competitive relative to industrial carbon dioxide removal technologies required to meet our achieve net-zero emissions, such as bioenergy with carbon capture and storage, and direct air capture.
 EW can seamlessly integrate with current agricultural practices to support UK food and soil security whilst simultaneously sequestering carbon, with crushed basalt substituting for expensive imported phosphorus and potassium fertilisers.
 Gaining acceptance of EW across national political, local community and farm scales is crucial, where acceptance means recognition of the need to work with stakeholders and affected publics to identify the conditions under which this technology might proceed.
 EW should be included in future government and Committee on Climate Change pathways to net-zero. It is immediately deployable with multiple co-benefits for agricultural productivity and the environment.
FinRL-Podracer: High Performance and Scalable Deep Reinforcement Learning for Quantitative Finance
Creators: name: Li, Zechu
name: Liu, Xiao-Yang
name: Zheng, Jiahao
name: Wang, Zhaoran
name: Walid, Anwar
name: Guo, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning techniques are playing more and more important roles in finance market investment. However, finance quantitative modeling with conventional supervised learning approaches has a number of limitations. The development of deep reinforcement learning techniques is partially addressing these issues. Unfortunately, the steep learning curve and the difficulty in quick modeling and agile development are impeding finance researchers from using deep reinforcement learning in quantitative trading. In this paper, we propose an RLOps in finance paradigm and present a FinRL-Podracer framework to accelerate the development pipeline of deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-driven trading strategy and to improve both trading performance and training efficiency. FinRL-Podracer is a cloud solution that features high performance and high scalability and promises continuous training, continuous integration, and continuous delivery of DRL-driven trading strategies, facilitating a rapid transformation from algorithmic innovations into a profitable trading strategy. First, we propose a generational evolution mechanism with an ensemble strategy to improve the trading performance of a DRL agent, and schedule the training of a DRL algorithm onto a GPU cloud via multi-level mapping. Then, we carry out the training of DRL components with high-performance optimizations on GPUs. Finally, we evaluate the FinRL-Podracer framework for a stock trend prediction task on an NVIDIA DGX SuperPOD cloud. FinRL-Podracer outperforms three popular DRL libraries Ray RLlib, Stable Baseline 3 and FinRL, i.e., 12% \sim 35% improvements in annual return, 0.1 \sim 0.6 improvements in Sharpe ratio and 3 times \sim 7 times speed-up in training time. We show the high scalability by training a trading agent in 10 minutes with $80$ A100 GPUs, on NASDAQ-100 constituent stocks with minute-level data over 10 years.
Missing bits of the solar jigsaw puzzle: small-scale, kinetic effects in coronal studies
Creators: name: Tsiklauri, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solar corona, anomalously hot outer atmosphere of the Sun, is traditionally described by magnetohydrodynamic, fluid-like approach. Here we review some recent developments when, instead, a full kinetic description is used. It is shown that some of the main unsolved problems of solar physics, such as coronal heating and solar flare particle acceleration can be viewed in a new light when the small-scale, kinetic plasma description methods are used.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Large Inverse Transient Phase Response of Titanium-nitride-based Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors
Creators: name: Hu, Jie
name: Boussaha, Faouzi
name: Martin, Jean-Marc
name: Nicaise, Paul
name: Chaumont, Christine
name: Beldi, Samir
name: Piat, Michel
name: Bonifacio, Piercarlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following optical pulses ($λ=405~\text{nm}$) on titanium nitride (TiN) Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) cooled down at temperatures $T \le T_c / 20$ ($T_c \simeq 4.6~\text{K}$), we observe a large phase-response highlighting two different modes simultaneously that are nevertheless related. The first corresponds to the well-known transition of cooper-pair breaking into quasi-particles which produces a known phase response. This is immediately followed by a large inverse response lasting several hundreds of microseconds to several milliseconds depending on the temperature. We propose to model this inverse pulse as the thermal perturbation of the superconductor and interaction with two level system (TLS) that reduces the dielectric constant which in turns modify the capacitance and therefore the resonance frequency. The ratio of the TLS responding to the illumination is on the order of that of the area of the inductor to the whole resonator
description: Accepted by Applied Physics Letters
A Novel Large-N Reduction on S^3: Demonstration in Chern-Simons Theory
Creators: name: Ishiki, Goro
name: Shimasaki, Shinji
name: Tsuchiya, Asato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the planar Chern-Simons (CS) theory on S^3 can be described by its dimensionally reduced model. This description of CS theory can be regarded as a novel large-N reduction for gauge theories on S^3. We find that if one expands the reduced model around a particular background consisting of multiple fuzzy spheres, the reduced model becomes equivalent to CS theory on S^3 in the planar limit. In fact, we show that the free energy and the vacuum expectation value of unknot Wilson loop in CS theory are reproduced by the reduced model in the large-N limit.
description: 39 pages, 8 figures
title: Nonlinear Schrödinger Type Equations with Asymptotically Linear Terms
Creators: name: van Heerden, Francois A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2002

description: We study the nonlinear Schrödinger type equation
- Δu + (λg(x) + l)u = f(u)
on the whole space R^N. The nonlinearity f is assumed to be asymptotically linear and g(x) ≥ 0 has a potential well. We do not assume a limit for g(x) as lxl →∞ . Using variational techniques, we prove the existence of a positive solution for λ large. In the case where f is odd we obtain multiple pairs of solutions. The limiting behavior of solutions as λ →∞ is also considered.
Deep diffusion-based forecasting of COVID-19 by incorporating network-level mobility information
Creators: name: Roy, Padmaksha
name: Sarkar, Shailik
name: Biswas, Subhodip
name: Chen, Fanglan
name: Chen, Zhiqian
name: Ramakrishnan, Naren
name: Lu, Chang-Tien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.5

description: Modeling the spatiotemporal nature of the spread of infectious diseases can provide useful intuition in understanding the time-varying aspect of the disease spread and the underlying complex spatial dependency observed in people's mobility patterns. Besides, the county level multiple related time series information can be leveraged to make a forecast on an individual time series. Adding to this challenge is the fact that real-time data often deviates from the unimodal Gaussian distribution assumption and may show some complex mixed patterns. Motivated by this, we develop a deep learning-based time-series model for probabilistic forecasting called Auto-regressive Mixed Density Dynamic Diffusion Network(ARM3Dnet), which considers both people's mobility and disease spread as a diffusion process on a dynamic directed graph. The Gaussian Mixture Model layer is implemented to consider the multimodal nature of the real-time data while learning from multiple related time series. We show that our model, when trained with the best combination of dynamic covariate features and mixture components, can outperform both traditional statistical and deep learning models in forecasting the number of Covid-19 deaths and cases at the county level in the United States.
description: 8 pages
title: Tournament Matrices an Overview
Creators: name: Carlson, Russel O.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2002

description: The results of a round robin tournament can be represented as a matrix of zeros and ones, by ordering the players and placing a one in the (i,j) position if player i beat player j, and zeros otherwise. These matrices, called tournament matrices, can be represented by graphs, called tournament graphs. They have been the subject of much research and study, yet there have been few attempts to give a wide exposition on the subject. Those that have been done tend to focus on the graph theoretical aspects of tournaments. S. Ree and Y. Koh did write a brief survey from the matrix viewpoint in 1998, but it was not complete and not published.
This paper is an attempt to give an exposition on tournament matrices. Recent research will be presented, some new ideas and properties will be proposed, and a few applications of the material will be reviewed.
POTENTIAL OF PLANT-DERIVED GHRELIN PROTEIN AS AN ENERGY BALANCE REGULATING MATERIAL FOR FEED EFFICIENCY
Creators: name: Nove  Hidajati
name: Chairul Anwar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ghrelin, Synthetic Ghrelin, Energy Balance, Feed Efficiency.

description: Abstract

The aim of this research is to identify plant-derived ghrelin proteins that could help regulate energy balance and improve the efficiency of broiler chicken feed. The study demonstrated that ghrelin protein is present in natural sources such as kale leaves (Ipomoea aquaticum), water lettuce leaves (Nasturtium officinale), and cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta). Following this, the amino acid sequence of the ghrelin protein was synthesized at Science Genetics. The synthetic ghrelin protein was then tested on various experimental animals. This development of synthetic ghrelin protein offers a means to enhance energy balance regulation, thereby increasing feed efficiency.
Topological analysis of singularity loci for serial and parallel manipulators
Creators: name: Paganelli, Davide <1979>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: ING-IND/13 Meccanica applicata alle macchine

description: Singularities of robot manipulators have been intensely studied in the last
decades by researchers of many fields. Serial singularities produce some local loss of
dexterity of the manipulator, therefore it might be desirable to search for singularityfree
trajectories in the jointspace. On the other hand, parallel singularities are very
dangerous for parallel manipulators, for they may provoke the local loss of platform
control, and jeopardize the structural integrity of links or actuators. It is therefore
utterly important to avoid parallel singularities, while operating a parallel machine.
Furthermore, there might be some configurations of a parallel manipulators that are
allowed by the constraints, but nevertheless are unreachable by any feasible path.
The present work proposes a numerical procedure based upon Morse theory,
an important branch of differential topology. Such procedure counts and identify the
singularity-free regions that are cut by the singularity locus out of the configuration
space, and the disjoint regions composing the configuration space of a parallel
manipulator. Moreover, given any two configurations of a manipulator, a feasible or
a singularity-free path connecting them can always be found, or it can be proved that
none exists.
Examples of applications to 3R and 6R serial manipulators, to 3UPS and
3UPU parallel wrists, to 3UPU parallel translational manipulators, and to 3RRR
planar manipulators are reported in the work.
The Omega Effect for Neutral Mesons
Creators: name: Sarkar, Sarben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possible role of decoherence due to space-time foam is discussed within the context of two models, one based on string/brane theory. and the other based on properties of black hole horizons in general relativity. It is argued that the density matrix satisfies a dissipative master equation, primarily from the study of renormalization group flows in non-critical string theory.This interpretation of the zero mode of the Liouville field as time leads necessarily to the CPT operator being ill defined. One striking consequence is that the quantum mechanical correlations of pair states of neutral mesons produced in meson factories are changed from the usual EPR state. The magnitude of this departure from EPR correlations is characterised by a parameter $ω$. The predicted value of $ω$ is very small or zero. However it is shown explicitly that the the non-vanishing of $ω$ is only a feature of the model based on string/brane theory.
description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Discrete '08, Symposium on Prospects in the Physics of Discrete Symmetries, Valencia, December 2008
Inside-out star formation quenching and the need for a revision of bulge-disk decomposition concepts for spiral galaxies
Creators: name: Papaderos, Polychronis
name: Breda, Iris
name: Humphrey, Andrew
name: Gomes, Jean Michel
name: Ziegler, Bodo L.
name: Pappalardo, Cirino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our knowledge about the photometric properties of bulges in late-type galaxies (LTGs) is founded upon image decomposition into a Sérsic model for the central luminosity excess of the bulge and an exponential model for the underlying disk. We argue that the standard practice of adopting an exponential model for the disk all the way to its center is inadequate because it implicitly neglects the fact of star formation (SF) quenching (SFQ) in the centers of LTGs. Extrapolating the fit for the observable star-forming zone of the disk (outside the bulge) inwardly overestimates the true surface brightness of the disk in its SF-quenched central zone. We refer to this effect as Dio. The primary consequence of the neglect of Dio in bulge-disk decomposition studies is the oversubtraction of the disk underneath the bulge, leading to a systematic underestimation of the luminosity of the latter. Framed in the picture of galaxy downsizing and inside-out SFQ, Dio is expected to differentially impact galaxies across redshift and stellar mass M*, thus leading to systematic and complex biases in the scatter and slope of various galaxy scaling relations. We conjecture that correction for Dio will lead to a downbending of the bulge vs. super-massive black hole (SMBH) relation for galaxies below log(M*/Msolar)~10.7. A decreasing M(SMBH)/M* ratio with decreasing M* would help consistently explain the scarcity and weakness of accretion-powered nuclear activity in low-mass spiral galaxies. A well detectable Dio (~2 r mag) can emerge early on through inward migration of SF clumps from the disk in combination with a strong contrast of emission-line equivalent widths between the quenched proto-bulge and its SF periphery. Spatially resolved studies with the JWST, ELT, and Euclid could therefore offer key insights into the chronology and physical drivers of SFQ in the early phase of galaxy assembly. (abridged)
description: 20 pages, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
A DSL for Monadic Decision Problems, Responsibility under Uncertainty and Tipping Point Notions
Creators: name: Brede, Nuria
name: Botta, Nicola
name: Crucifix, Michel
name: Martínez Montero, Marina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This report is part of TiPES deliverable D6.2. We develop a domain-specific language (DSL) for the specification of decision problems in the context of tipping point research, on top of a lightweight version the generic Botta et al. 2017 framework for specifying and solving monadic sequential decision problems. The aim is to improve accountability in the context of climate policy advice by narrowing the gap between mathematical problem specification and implementation. This is achieved by using a programming language based on Dependent Type Theory, in which it is possible to express specification, implementation and proof that the implementation fulfills certain properties within the same language.
 We extend the Botta et al. theory with generic measures of responsibility and a syntax to transparently express goals of decision making. The usage of the framework is illustrated by the specification of a conceptual stochastic greenhouse gas emission problem. In a further extension of the basic theory, we show the correctness of the generic backward induction algorithm implemented in the framework in a more general setting than commonly considered in control theory.
title: ENGROSAMIENTO DE LA PARED DEL COLON EN TC: Causas, Hallazgos Radiológicos y Diagnóstico Diferencial.
Creators: name: Álvarez de Eulate Santacara, Laura
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Colon
subject: CT

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Revisar las distintas patologías que pueden causar engrosamiento de la pared del colon en Tomografía Computarizada (TC) y describir los hallazgos radiológicos de las mismas,
con énfasis en los patrones de imagen característicos que pueden...
The Indirect Search for Dark Matter with IceCube
Creators: name: Halzen, Francis
name: Hooper, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the prospects for IceCube and similar kilometer-scale telescopes to detect neutrinos produced by the annihilation of weakly interacting massive dark matter particles (WIMPs) in the Sun. We emphasize that the astrophysics of the problem is understood; models can be observed or, alternatively, ruled out. In searching for a WIMP with spin-independent interactions with ordinary matter, IceCube is only competitive with direct detection experiments if the WIMP mass is sufficiently large. For spin-dependent interactions IceCube already has improved the best limits on spin-dependent WIMP cross sections by two orders of magnitude. This is largely due to the fact that models with significant spin-dependent couplings to protons are the least constrained and, at the same time, the most promising because of the efficient capture of WIMPs in the Sun. We identify models where dark matter particles are beyond the reach of any planned direct detection experiments while being within reach of neutrino telescopes. In summary, we find that, even when contemplating recent direct detection results, neutrino telescopes have the opportunity to play an important as well as complementary role in the search for particle dark matter.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, published in the New Journal of Physics 11 105019 http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/1367-2630/11/10/105019, new version submitted to correct Abstract in original