cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 2: Table S2. of Thyroid function and metabolic syndrome in the population-based LifeLines cohort study
Creators: name: Wolffenbuttel, Bruce
name: Wouters, Hanneke
name: Slagter, Sandra
name: Waateringe, Robert Van
name: Kobold, Anneke Muller
name: Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana Van
name: Links, Thera
name: Klauw, Melanie Van Der
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Thyroid hormone parameters and components of the metabolic syndrome â   women. Thyroid hormone parameters and components of the metabolic syndrome for TSH, FT4, TF3 and FT3FT4 quartiles, respectively, separately for women only. (DOCX 11Â kb)
Terebra loisae Smith 1903
Creators: name: Salvador, Andreia
name: Pickering, Joan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Terebridae
Terebra
Terebra loisae

description: Terebra loisae Smith, 1903
Smith, 1903: 360, pl. 15, fig. 1.
Type locality: ‘ Umkomaas, Natal (Burnup)’.
Label locality: ‘Umkomaas’, ‘Natal’.
Type material: Lectotype NHMUK 1901.9.23.81 (J.H. Ponsonby collection). Indirect lectotype selection by inference of holotype (Cernohorsky, 1969: 217).
description: Published as part of Salvador, Andreia & Pickering, Joan, 2017, Type catalogue of Terebridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London, U. K., pp. 101-142 in Zootaxa 4250 (2) on page 125, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4250.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/450745
Growth of Light-Seed Black Holes in Gas-Rich Galaxies at High Redshift
Creators: name: Mehta, Daxal
name: Regan, John A.
name: Prole, Lewis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations by the James Webb Space Telescope confirm the existence of massive black holes ($>10^6$ $\rm{M_{\odot}}$) beyond the redshift of $z=10$. However, their formation mechanism(s) still remain an open question. Light seed black holes are one such formation pathway, forming as the end stage of metalfree (Population III) stars. Light seed black holes can grow into massive black holes as long as they accrete near the Eddington limit for substantial periods or undergo several bursts of super-Eddington accretion. In this work, our aim is to ascertain if light seeds can grow in gas rich galaxies - similar to those expected at high redshift (z $\gtrsim 10$). Using the Arepo code, we follow self-consistently the formation of Population III stars and black holes in galaxies with total masses in the range $10^8$ $\rm{M_{\odot}}$. We find that in the absence of feedback, black holes can grow to $10^5$ $\rm{M_{\odot}}$ in just $10^4$ years. These black holes do not decouple from the gas clumps in which they are born and are able to accrete at hyper-Eddington rates. In the presence of supernova feedback, the number of actively growing black holes diminishes by an order of magnitude. However, we still observe hyper-Eddington accretion in approximately 1 % of the black hole population despite supernova feedback. This (idealised) work lays the foundation for future works, where we will test our models in a cosmological framework. In this work, we neglect radiative feedback processes from stellar evolution and from accretion onto the growing black holes. This likely means that our results represent an upper limit to light seed growth. We will address these shortcomings in future work.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in the Open Journal of Astrophysics
Terebra luctuosa Hinds 1844
Creators: name: Salvador, Andreia
name: Pickering, Joan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Terebridae
Terebra
Terebra luctuosa

description: Terebra luctuosa Hinds, 1844
Hinds, 1844: 157.
Type material: ‘ Gulf of Nicoya; Puerto Portrero, west coast of America; in twelve fathoms’.
Label locality: ‘ Puerto Portrero, Central America, 12 fms’.
Type material: Lectotype NHMUK 1968246/1 and 2 paralectotypes NHMUK 1968246/2-3 (H. Cuming collection). Indirect lectotype selection by inference of holotype (Cernohorsky, 1969: 217).
description: Published as part of Salvador, Andreia & Pickering, Joan, 2017, Type catalogue of Terebridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London, U. K., pp. 101-142 in Zootaxa 4250 (2) on page 125, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4250.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/450745
Additional file 4: Table S4. of The association between high birth weight and the risks of childhood CNS tumors and leukemia: an analysis of a US case-control study in an epidemiological database
Creators: name: Tran, Long
name: Lai, Hang
name: Chihaya Koriyama
name: Uwatoko, Futoshi
name: Suminori Akiba
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: The risk of CNS tumors or leukemia among small-for-gestational-age and large-for-gestational-age children with gestational age of 37–42 weeks. When compared to the results in Tables 5 and 6, the ORs for LGA/SGA did not change appreciably. (DOCX 27 kb)
Terebra longiscata Deshayes 1859
Creators: name: Salvador, Andreia
name: Pickering, Joan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Terebridae
Terebra
Terebra longiscata

description: Terebra longiscata Deshayes, 1859
Deshayes, 1859: 294.
Type locality: ‘Les Iles Philippines’.
Label locality: ‘ Philippines’.
Type material: Probable syntype NHMUK 1979101 (H. Cuming collection).
Remarks: Cernohorsky (1969: 217): ‘there is one specimen in the type collection which is most probably the holotype and measures 24.4X 4.8 mm. Deshayes’ stated dimensions [29X 9 mm] are obvious an error, since the given width in relation to the total length is out of proportion for such a slender species of Terebra ’.
description: Published as part of Salvador, Andreia & Pickering, Joan, 2017, Type catalogue of Terebridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London, U. K., pp. 101-142 in Zootaxa 4250 (2) on page 125, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4250.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/450745
Additional file 4: Table S3. of Effectiveness and safety of vitamin K antagonists and new anticoagulants in the prevention of thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation in older adults – a systematic review of reviews and the development of recommendations to reduce inappropriate prescribing
Creators: name: Sommerauer, Christina
name: Schlender, Lisa
name: Krause, Mark
name: Weißbach, Sabine
name: Rieckert, Anja
name: Martinez, Yolanda
name: Reeves, David
name: Renom-Guiteras, Anna
name: Kunnamo, Ilkka
name: Sönnichsen, Andreas
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Summary of study findings for the comparison of VKA vs. placebo. Table S4. Summary of study findings for the comparison of VKA vs. antiplatelets. (DOCX 28 kb)
Boolean Functions with Small Approximate Spectral Norm
Creators: name: Cheung, Tsun-Ming
name: Hatami, Hamed
name: Zhao, Rosie
name: Zilberstein, Itai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The sum of the absolute values of the Fourier coefficients of a function $f:\mathbb{F}_2^n \to \mathbb{R}$ is called the spectral norm of $f$. Green and Sanders' quantitative version of Cohen's idempotent theorem states that if the spectral norm of $f:\mathbb{F}_2^n \to \{0,1\}$ is at most $M$, then the support of $f$ belongs to the ring of sets generated by at most $\ell(M)$ cosets, where $\ell(M)$ is a constant that only depends on $M$.
 We prove that the above statement can be generalized to \emph{approximate} spectral norms if and only if the support of $f$ and its complement satisfy a certain arithmetic connectivity condition. In particular, our theorem provides a new proof of the quantitative Cohen's theorem for $\mathbb{F}_2^n$.
Terebra (Myurella) macandrewii Smith 1877
Creators: name: Salvador, Andreia
name: Pickering, Joan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Terebridae
Terebra
Terebra macandrewii

description: Terebra (Myurella) macandrewii Smith, 1877
Smith, 1877: 228.
Type locality: ‘ Persian Gulf (Colonel Pelly)’.
Label locality: ‘Persian Gulf’.
Collector: Pelly.
Presented: R. MacAndrew.
Type material: Lectotype NHMUK 1873.7.5.5/1 and 1 paralectotype NHMUK 1873.7.5.5/2. Indirect lectotype selection by inference of holotype (Cernohorsky, 1969: 217).
description: Published as part of Salvador, Andreia & Pickering, Joan, 2017, Type catalogue of Terebridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London, U. K., pp. 101-142 in Zootaxa 4250 (2) on page 125, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4250.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/450745
title: Una possibile forma di sostegno fiscale: la Zona Culturale Speciale. Tra recupero urbanistico, sviluppo programmato del territorio e sostegno alla cultura
Creators: name: Biondi, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: Italian Society for Law and Literature (ISLL)
Year: 2025

description: [An available form of fiscal support: the Special Cultural Zone. Urban renewal, planned local development and support for culture] One of the key objectives in the coming years should be the recovery of urban spaces and their allocation to the development of art and culture, in particular in areas of our cities where places in which citizens can enjoy or experience art and culture are completely or severely lacking. Taxation can play a fundamental role and support local administrations in planning urban renovation and development in favour of the areas of culture and art: culture, art, urban environment and inclusion are the real challenge for the development of society during this millennium, especially in the most marginalized areas of our large cities. Therefore local administrators should be albe, within their territory, to establish "special cultural zones", in which highly preferential taxation - inspired by what is already provided for “special economic zones” – acts as a driving force and incentive for the recovery of urban spaces and of forms of art and culture in poor quarters and on the urban periphery. On the one hand, these are often large portions of urban territory without theatres, music, and art schools, or locations for events and exhibitions, but, on the other hand, they are full of disused or ruined buildings and land. Fiscal and administrative support to private individuals, associations, or public bodies, to enable them to obtain funds, both at a national and European level, can push for new forms of inclusion and, at the same time, for high-quality economic development.
Terebra (Myurella) macgillivrayi Smith 1873
Creators: name: Salvador, Andreia
name: Pickering, Joan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Terebridae
Terebra
Terebra macgillivrayi

description: Terebra (Myurella) macgillivrayi Smith, 1873
Smith, 1873: 267.
Type locality: ‘ Bruinie Island, south coast of New Guinea, 35 fathoms (J. Macgillivray, Esq., Voy. Rattlesnake ’)’.
Label locality: ‘ Brought up on the anchor 35 fms clay bottom. Bruinie Is, South coast of New Guinea. H.M.S. Rattlesnake’.
Collector: J. Macgillivray. H.M.S. Rattlesnake, 1849
Type material: Lectotype NHMUK 1856.12.8.93. Indirect lectotype selection by inference of holotype (Cernohorsky, 1969: 217).
description: Published as part of Salvador, Andreia & Pickering, Joan, 2017, Type catalogue of Terebridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London, U. K., pp. 101-142 in Zootaxa 4250 (2) on page 126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4250.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/450745
Mimodromius altus Liebke 1941
Creators: name: Delgado, Pedro
name: Ruiz-Tapiador, Ildefonso
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Mimodromius
Mimodromius altus

description: Mimodromius altus Liebke, 1941
Material estudiado:
Azángaro:
x La Florida-Arapa, 15°09’52”S, 70°13’01”W, 3910 m, 16-VII-2012, 1 ♀; 23-II-2013, 3 ♂♂ y 5 ♀♀.
x MAcAYA Piripirini, 14°53’05”S, 70°08’23”W, 3888 m, 15-XII-2011, 3 ♂♂ y 1 ♀; 04-V-2014, 4 ♂♂ y 8 ♀♀.
x PuntA JAllApishi, 14°57’57”S, 70°17’34”W, 3871 m, 16-VII-2012, 3 ♂♂ y 8 ♀♀; 25-III-2015, 3 ♂♂ y 4 ♀♀.
Chucuito:
x BAtAllA, 16°19’33”S, 69°14’50”W, 3880 m, 27-III-2012, 1 ♂.
x Pallca, 16°51’43”S, 69°31’22”W, 3940 m, 21-IX-2010, 1 ♀.
x PuertA del DiAblo, 16°20’21”S, 69°35’12”W, 3875 m, 16-XII-2009, 1 ♂.
El Collao:
x YungutA, 16°03’38”S, 69°34’48”W, 3853 m, 21-X-2009, 1 ♂.
Moho:
x Cuchillumita, 15°20’21”S, 69°28’05”W, 3956 m, 26-VII-2012, 1 ♀.
Puno:
x AtuncollA, 15°43’18”S, 70°09’34”W, 3822 m, 10-V-2010, 1 ♀; 06-IV-2010, 12 ♂♂ y 18 ♀♀.
x CAmAcAni, 15°82’09”S, 69°54’36”W, 3835 m, 18-V-2010, 3 ♂♂ y 1 ♀; 25-IV-2014, 6 ♂♂ y 9 ♀♀.
x CApAchicA, 15°38’30”S, 69°49’50”W, 3880 m, 09-VI-2010, 2 ♂♂ y 2 ♀♀; 05-I-2011, 1 ♂, 27-III-2015, 3 ♀♀.
x CAritAmAYA, 16°00’06”S, 69°49’12”W, 3854 m, 10-XI-2011, 2 ♀♀.
x CArr. Cutimbo km 12, 15°56’24”S, 70°01’33”W, 4027 m, 4 ♂♂ y 2 ♀♀; 18-X-2014, 5 ♂♂ y 3 ♀♀. Catahuichina-AcorA, 15°58’13”S, 69°49’40”W, 3865 m, 09-XI-2010, 5 ♂♂ y 4 ♀♀; 18-X-2014, 3 ♂♂ y 5 ♀♀.
x Cutimbo, 16°15’33”S, 70°06’46”W, 3948 m, 10-I-2012, 1 ♀; 23-XII-2013, 4 ♂♂ y 8 ♀♀.
x HuArijuYo, 16°15’32”S, 70°01’41”W, 4031 m, 10-I-2012, 4 ♂♂ y 5 ♀♀; 29-III-2015, 3 ♂♂ y 2 ♀♀.
x LArAQueri, 16°11’10”S, 70°06’50”W, 3975 m, 10-I-2012, 12 ♂♂ y 16 ♀♀.
x Loripongo, 16°16’06”S, 70°08’26”W, 4083 m, 10-I-2012, 1 ♂.
x MAlcomAYo, 15°56’51”S, 70°01’24”W, 4042 m, 04-I-2011, 3 ♂♂ y 3 ♀♀.
x OjerAni, 15°68’21”S, 69°66’29”W, 3850 m, 10-IV-2010, 1 ♀; 15-VII-2013, 10 ♂♂ y 6 ♀♀.
x PAucArcollA, 15°44’46”S, 70°03’33”W, 3874 m, 06-IV-2010, 2 ♂♂ y 10 ♀♀; 10-XII-2010, 15 ♂♂ y 9 ♀♀; 27-III-2015, 11 ♂♂ y 13 ♀♀.
x QuenAFAjA, 16°08’00”S, 69°42’04”W, 3844 m, 09-XI-2010, 8 ♂♂ y 10 ♀♀; 26-III-2015, 4 ♂♂ y 7 ♀♀.
x SAlcedo Alto, 15°53’33”S, 70°00’53”W, 4023 m, 09-XII-2010, 4 ♂♂ y 2 ♀♀; 05-VIII-2014, 15 ♂♂ y 18 ♀♀.
x Siale-Cotos, 16°39’32”S, 69°48’01”W, 3833 m, 05-XI-2011, 1 ♂ y 1 ♀.
San Román:
x Cabana, 15°39’07”S, 70°18’53”W, 3925 m, 12-III-2010, 1 ♂ y 2 ♀♀; 12-VII-2011, 7 ♀♀, 31-I-2014; 5 ♂♂ y 9 ♀♀.
x Collana, 15°18’14”S, 70°21’36”W, 3895 m, 22-IX-2010, 2 ♂♂ y 2 ♀♀.
description: Published as part of Delgado, Pedro & Ruiz-Tapiador, Ildefonso, 2016, Nuevos datos para el conocimiento de la distribución del género Mimodromius Chaudoir, 1873 (Coleoptera: Carabidae) en el altiplano peruano., pp. 189-196 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 16 on pages 190-191, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12765590
Additional file 2: Table S2. of Thyroid function and metabolic syndrome in the population-based LifeLines cohort study
Creators: name: Wolffenbuttel, Bruce
name: Wouters, Hanneke
name: Slagter, Sandra
name: Waateringe, Robert Van
name: Kobold, Anneke Muller
name: Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana Van
name: Links, Thera
name: Klauw, Melanie Van Der
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Thyroid hormone parameters and components of the metabolic syndrome â   women. Thyroid hormone parameters and components of the metabolic syndrome for TSH, FT4, TF3 and FT3FT4 quartiles, respectively, separately for women only. (DOCX 11Â kb)
Mimodromius aptinoides
Creators: name: Delgado, Pedro
name: Ruiz-Tapiador, Ildefonso
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Mimodromius
Mimodromius aptinoides

description: Mimodromius aptinoides (Brullé, 1837)
Material estudiado:
Puno:
x HuArijuYo, 16°15’32”S, 70°01’41”W, 4031 m, 29-III-2015, 1 ♀.
x Loripongo, 16°16’06”S, 70°08’26”W, 4083 m, 10-I-2012, 1 ♀; 21-VI-2012, 1 ♀.
x MAlcomAYo, 15°56’51”S, 70°01’24”W, 4042 m, 04-01-2011, 1 ♂♂ y 3 ♀♀, 26-X-2014, 1 ♀.
description: Published as part of Delgado, Pedro & Ruiz-Tapiador, Ildefonso, 2016, Nuevos datos para el conocimiento de la distribución del género Mimodromius Chaudoir, 1873 (Coleoptera: Carabidae) en el altiplano peruano., pp. 189-196 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 16 on page 191, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12765590
The fundamental difference between logical and thermodynamic irreversibilities, or, Why Landauer's result cannot be a physical principle
Creators: name: Lairez, Didier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Landauer's "principle" claims that erasing one bit of information necessarily dissipates at least Tln2 of heat into the surroundings, making a possibly logically irreversible operation also thermodynamically irreversible. It is commonly accepted that this result is a fundamental principle of physics that definitively establishes the link between information and energy. Here we show that this result cannot be general. In fact it comes: 1) from a confusion between logical and thermodynamic irreversibilities and between logical and thermodynamic states, which is reminiscent of the classic Gibbs' paradox about the joining of two volumes of the same gas; and 2) from two unnecessary constraints imposed on the erase procedure. Clarifying these points permits: to dissociate the notions of logical and thermodynamic irreversibilities; to invalidate Landauer's result as being a general physical principle; and to open the door to hardware implementations allowing erasure to follow a thermodynamically reversible, or at least quasistatic, path.
Terebra (Myurella) mamillata Watson 1885
Creators: name: Salvador, Andreia
name: Pickering, Joan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Terebridae
Terebra
Terebra mamillata

description: Terebra (Myurella) mamillata Watson, 1885
Watson, 1885: 381, pl. 16, fig. 1.
Type locality: ‘ Station 204 A or B. Nov. 2, 1874. Lat. 12° 43’ S., long. 122° 10’ E. Philippines. 100 to 115 fathoms’.
Label locality: ‘Philippines, 100-110 fath., ‘Challenger’ Exped.’, ‘St.204’.
Collected: Challenger Expedition, 1873-1876.
Type material: Lectotype NHMUK 1887.2.9.1159 and 1 paralectotype NHMUK 1887.2.9.1160. Indirect lectotype selection by inference of holotype (Cernohorsky, 1969: 217).
description: Published as part of Salvador, Andreia & Pickering, Joan, 2017, Type catalogue of Terebridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London, U. K., pp. 101-142 in Zootaxa 4250 (2) on page 126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4250.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/450745
Terebra marginata Deshayes 1857
Creators: name: Salvador, Andreia
name: Pickering, Joan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Terebridae
Terebra
Terebra marginata

description: Terebra marginata Deshayes, 1857
Deshayes, 1857: 86, pl. 4, fig. 8.
Type locality: ‘l’embouchure de la Gambie’.
Label locality: ‘ Gambia’.
Type material: Lectotype NHMUK 197966/1 and 1 paralectotype NHMUK 197966/2 (H. Cuming collection). Indirect lectotype selection by inference of holotype (Cernohorsky, 1969: 217).
description: Published as part of Salvador, Andreia & Pickering, Joan, 2017, Type catalogue of Terebridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London, U. K., pp. 101-142 in Zootaxa 4250 (2) on page 126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4250.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/450745
Irrelevant Alternatives Bias Large Language Model Hiring Decisions
Creators: name: Valkanova, Kremena
name: Yordanov, Pencho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate whether LLMs display a well-known human cognitive bias, the attraction effect, in hiring decisions. The attraction effect occurs when the presence of an inferior candidate makes a superior candidate more appealing, increasing the likelihood of the superior candidate being chosen over a non-dominated competitor. Our study finds consistent and significant evidence of the attraction effect in GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 when they assume the role of a recruiter. Irrelevant attributes of the decoy, such as its gender, further amplify the observed bias. GPT-4 exhibits greater bias variation than GPT-3.5. Our findings remain robust even when warnings against the decoy effect are included and the recruiter role definition is varied.
Exploring Hint Generation Approaches in Open-Domain Question Answering
Creators: name: Mozafari, Jamshid
name: Abdallah, Abdelrahman
name: Piryani, Bhawna
name: Jatowt, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automatic Question Answering (QA) systems rely on contextual information to provide accurate answers. Commonly, contexts are prepared through either retrieval-based or generation-based methods. The former involves retrieving relevant documents from a corpus like Wikipedia, whereas the latter uses generative models such as Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate the context. In this paper, we introduce a novel context preparation approach called HINTQA, which employs Automatic Hint Generation (HG) techniques. Unlike traditional methods, HINTQA prompts LLMs to produce hints about potential answers for the question rather than generating relevant context. We evaluate our approach across three QA datasets including TriviaQA, NaturalQuestions, and Web Questions, examining how the number and order of hints impact performance. Our findings show that the HINTQA surpasses both retrieval-based and generation-based approaches. We demonstrate that hints enhance the accuracy of answers more than retrieved and generated contexts.
description: Accepted at EMNLP 2024
Naineris Blainville 1828
Creators: name: Alvarez, Ricardo Castro
name: Miranda, Vinícius Da Rocha
name: Brasil, Ana Claudia Dos Santos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Orbiniida
Orbiniidae
Naineris

description: Genus: Naineris Blainville, 1828
Type species: Naineris quadricuspida (Fabricius, 1780).
description: Published as part of Alvarez, Ricardo Castro, Miranda, Vinícius Da Rocha & Brasil, Ana Claudia Dos Santos, 2019, Redescription of Naineris aurantiaca (Müller, 1858) and designation of a neotype from the Brazilian coast (Annelida: Orbiniidae), pp. 125-136 in Zootaxa 4571 (1) on page 128, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/2606104
Faithfulness and the Notion of Adversarial Sensitivity in NLP Explanations
Creators: name: Manna, Supriya
name: Sett, Niladri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Faithfulness is arguably the most critical metric to assess the reliability of explainable AI. In NLP, current methods for faithfulness evaluation are fraught with discrepancies and biases, often failing to capture the true reasoning of models. We introduce Adversarial Sensitivity as a novel approach to faithfulness evaluation, focusing on the explainer's response when the model is under adversarial attack. Our method accounts for the faithfulness of explainers by capturing sensitivity to adversarial input changes. This work addresses significant limitations in existing evaluation techniques, and furthermore, quantifies faithfulness from a crucial yet underexplored paradigm.
description: Accepted as a Full Paper at EMNLP 2024 Workshop BlackBoxNLP
Climate Adaptation with Reinforcement Learning: Experiments with Flooding and Transportation in Copenhagen
Creators: name: Costa, Miguel
name: Petersen, Morten W.
name: Vandervoort, Arthur
name: Drews, Martin
name: Morrissey, Karyn
name: Pereira, Francisco C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to climate change the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events, which contribute to urban flooding, are expected to increase in many places. These floods can damage transport infrastructure and disrupt mobility, highlighting the need for cities to adapt to escalating risks. Reinforcement learning (RL) serves as a powerful tool for uncovering optimal adaptation strategies, determining how and where to deploy adaptation measures effectively, even under significant uncertainty. In this study, we leverage RL to identify the most effective timing and locations for implementing measures, aiming to reduce both direct and indirect impacts of flooding. Our framework integrates climate change projections of future rainfall events and floods, models city-wide motorized trips, and quantifies direct and indirect impacts on infrastructure and mobility. Preliminary results suggest that our RL-based approach can significantly enhance decision-making by prioritizing interventions in specific urban areas and identifying the optimal periods for their implementation. Our framework is publicly available: \url{https://github.com/MLSM-at-DTU/floods_transport_rl}.
description: Accepted for presentation at Tackling Climate Change with Machine Learning workshop at NeurIPS 2024
Terebra mariesi Smith 1880
Creators: name: Salvador, Andreia
name: Pickering, Joan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Terebridae
Terebra
Terebra mariesi

description: Terebra mariesi Smith, 1880
Smith, 1880: 480, pl. 48, fig. 5.
Type locality: ‘ Japan (Mr. Maries)’.
Label locality: ‘Japan’.
Collector: Maries.
Presented: Maries.
Type material: Lectotype NHMUK 1880.3.1.94. Indirect lectotype selection by inference of holotype (Cernohorsky, 1969: 217).
description: Published as part of Salvador, Andreia & Pickering, Joan, 2017, Type catalogue of Terebridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London, U. K., pp. 101-142 in Zootaxa 4250 (2) on page 126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4250.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/450745
Terebra marmorata Deshayes 1859
Creators: name: Salvador, Andreia
name: Pickering, Joan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Terebridae
Terebra
Terebra marmorata

description: Terebra marmorata Deshayes, 1859
Deshayes, 1859: 279.
Type locality: ‘ Moreton Bay’.
Label locality: ‘Moreton Bay’, ‘ Port Curtis’.
Type material: Lectotype NHMUK 1979102 (H. Cuming collection). Indirect lectotype selection by inference of holotype (Cernohorsky, 1969: 217).
description: Published as part of Salvador, Andreia & Pickering, Joan, 2017, Type catalogue of Terebridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London, U. K., pp. 101-142 in Zootaxa 4250 (2) on page 126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4250.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/450745
title: Ein Koffer voller Träume
Creators: name: Firth, Will
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst Slavistik
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Dodovski, Ivan
subject: Mazedonisch
subject: Schriftsteller
subject: Interview
subject: 491.8

description: Über die Lebenden, Toten und Totgesagten, die ihre Suche nach Glück nicht beerdigen wollen und die einen jungen Autor im Nachwende-Mazedonien auf seiner Suche nach einer authentischen Stimme begleiten. Ein Interview mit Ivan Dodovski.
description: novinkizurückgefragt
Neural Decompiling of Tracr Transformers
Creators: name: Thurnherr, Hannes
name: Riesen, Kaspar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, the transformer architecture has enabled substantial progress in many areas of pattern recognition and machine learning. However, as with other neural network models, there is currently no general method available to explain their inner workings. The present paper represents a first step towards this direction. We utilize \textit{Transformer Compiler for RASP} (Tracr) to generate a large dataset of pairs of transformer weights and corresponding RASP programs. Based on this dataset, we then build and train a model, with the aim of recovering the RASP code from the compiled model. We demonstrate that the simple form of Tracr compiled transformer weights is interpretable for such a decompiler model. In an empirical evaluation, our model achieves exact reproductions on more than 30\% of the test objects, while the remaining 70\% can generally be reproduced with only few errors. Additionally, more than 70\% of the programs, produced by our model, are functionally equivalent to the ground truth, and therefore a valid decompilation of the Tracr compiled transformer weights.
Hastula (Hastula) maryleeae Burch 1965
Creators: name: Salvador, Andreia
name: Pickering, Joan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Terebridae
Hastula
Hastula maryleeae

description: Hastula (Hastula) maryleeae Burch, 1965
Burch, 1965: 242, pl. 31, fig. 4.
Type locality: ‘ Surfside Beach, Freeport, Texas. Lat. 28°57’N; Long. 95°38’W’.
Label locality: ‘Surfside Beach, Freeport, Texas’.
Collector: M.L. Burch, 16 March 1961.
Presented: R.D. Burch.
Type material: 2 paratypes NHMUK 1966193.
Remarks: Holotype MCZ 251235.
description: Published as part of Salvador, Andreia & Pickering, Joan, 2017, Type catalogue of Terebridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London, U. K., pp. 101-142 in Zootaxa 4250 (2) on page 126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4250.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/450745
Tradisi Saur Matua Sebagai Warisan Budaya dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat Batak Toba
Creators: name: nadeak, rut
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Saur Matua adalah sebuah tradisi yang terdapat dalam budaya masyarakat Batak, khususnya dalam rangkaian perayaan agama dan adat. Tradisi ini melibatkan kegiatan makan bersama yang biasanya dilakukan pada saat malam sebelum hari besar keagamaan, seperti Idul Fitri atau Natal. Dalam konteks Batak, Saur Matua tidak hanya sekadar makan bersama, tetapi juga menjadi momen penting untuk mempererat hubungan sosial dan kekeluargaan antaranggota masyarakat. Kegiatan ini menjadi simbol keharmonisan keluarga dan kedekatan spiritual, di mana anggota keluarga, terutama yang sudah berkeluarga, berkumpul untuk berbagi hidangan khas dengan doa dan rasa syukur
Terebra melanacme Smith 1875
Creators: name: Salvador, Andreia
name: Pickering, Joan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Terebridae
Terebra
Terebra melanacme

description: Terebra melanacme Smith, 1875
Smith, 1875: 415.
Type locality: ‘ Cape Sima, 18 fathoms’.
Label locality: ‘ Cape Sima 18fms’, ‘Japan’.
Collector: H.C. St. John.
Presented: J.G. Jeffreys.
Type material: Lectotype NHMUK 1873.8.6.11/1 and 1 paralectotype NHMUK 1873.8.6.11/2. Indirect lectotype selection by inference of holotype (Cernohorsky, 1969: 217).
description: Published as part of Salvador, Andreia & Pickering, Joan, 2017, Type catalogue of Terebridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London, U. K., pp. 101-142 in Zootaxa 4250 (2) on pages 126-127, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4250.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/450745
Glyptosmia Engel & Xie 2024, new genus
Creators: name: Engel, Michael S.
name: Xie, Jiaying
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Glyptosmia

description: Glyptosmia Engel, new genus
TYPE SPECIES: Glyptosmia hemiaspis Engel, new species.
DIAGNOSIS: As for the tribe (above).
ETYMOLOGY: The new genus-group name is a combination of ancient Greek adjective γλυπτός (glyptos, meaning “engraved”) and Osmia Panzer (derived from ὀσμή/ osme, meaning “odor”). The gender of the name is feminine.
description: Published as part of Engel, Michael S. & Xie, Jiaying, 2024, The Bee Fauna Of Eocene Fushun Amber (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), pp. 1-81 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2024 (469) on page 24, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090.469.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14658466
Additional file 5: Table S5. of Effectiveness and safety of vitamin K antagonists and new anticoagulants in the prevention of thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation in older adults – a systematic review of reviews and the development of recommendations to reduce inappropriate prescribing
Creators: name: Sommerauer, Christina
name: Schlender, Lisa
name: Krause, Mark
name: Weißbach, Sabine
name: Rieckert, Anja
name: Martinez, Yolanda
name: Reeves, David
name: Renom-Guiteras, Anna
name: Kunnamo, Ilkka
name: Sönnichsen, Andreas
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: Medicine
Developmental Biology
Science Policy

description: Heterogenity. (DOCX 52 kb)
Terebra micans Hinds 1844
Creators: name: Salvador, Andreia
name: Pickering, Joan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Terebridae
Terebra
Terebra micans

description: Terebra micans Hinds, 1844
Hinds, 1844: 157.
Type locality: ‘-?’.
Label locality: ‘ Cape Palmas, W. Africa’.
Type material: Lectotype NHMUK 1968248/1 and 2 paralectotypes NHMUK 1968248/2-3 (H. Cuming collection). Indirect lectotype selection by inference of holotype (Cernohorsky, 1969: 217).
description: Published as part of Salvador, Andreia & Pickering, Joan, 2017, Type catalogue of Terebridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London, U. K., pp. 101-142 in Zootaxa 4250 (2) on page 127, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4250.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/450745
Terebra (Myurella) miranda Smith 1873
Creators: name: Salvador, Andreia
name: Pickering, Joan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Terebridae
Terebra
Terebra miranda

description: Terebra (Myurella) miranda Smith, 1873
Smith, 1873: 267.
Type locality: ‘Malacca’.
Label locality: ‘ Malacca’.
Type material: Lectotype NHMUK 1979136/1 and 1 paralectotype NHMUK 1979136/2 (H. Cuming collection). Indirect lectotype selection by inference of holotype (Cernohorsky, 1969: 217).
description: Published as part of Salvador, Andreia & Pickering, Joan, 2017, Type catalogue of Terebridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London, U. K., pp. 101-142 in Zootaxa 4250 (2) on page 127, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4250.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/450745
Application of NotebookLM, a Large Language Model with Retrieval-Augmented Generation, for Lung Cancer Staging
Creators: name: Tozuka, Ryota
name: Johno, Hisashi
name: Amakawa, Akitomo
name: Sato, Junichi
name: Muto, Mizuki
name: Seki, Shoichiro
name: Komaba, Atsushi
name: Onishi, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Purpose: In radiology, large language models (LLMs), including ChatGPT, have recently gained attention, and their utility is being rapidly evaluated. However, concerns have emerged regarding their reliability in clinical applications due to limitations such as hallucinations and insufficient referencing. To address these issues, we focus on the latest technology, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), which enables LLMs to reference reliable external knowledge (REK). Specifically, this study examines the utility and reliability of a recently released RAG-equipped LLM (RAG-LLM), NotebookLM, for staging lung cancer.
 Materials and methods: We summarized the current lung cancer staging guideline in Japan and provided this as REK to NotebookLM. We then tasked NotebookLM with staging 100 fictional lung cancer cases based on CT findings and evaluated its accuracy. For comparison, we performed the same task using a gold-standard LLM, GPT-4 Omni (GPT-4o), both with and without the REK.
 Results: NotebookLM achieved 86% diagnostic accuracy in the lung cancer staging experiment, outperforming GPT-4o, which recorded 39% accuracy with the REK and 25% without it. Moreover, NotebookLM demonstrated 95% accuracy in searching reference locations within the REK.
 Conclusion: NotebookLM successfully performed lung cancer staging by utilizing the REK, demonstrating superior performance compared to GPT-4o. Additionally, it provided highly accurate reference locations within the REK, allowing radiologists to efficiently evaluate the reliability of NotebookLM's responses and detect possible hallucinations. Overall, this study highlights the potential of NotebookLM, a RAG-LLM, in image diagnosis.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, 3 ancillary files
Terebra modesta Deshayes 1859
Creators: name: Salvador, Andreia
name: Pickering, Joan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Terebridae
Terebra
Terebra modesta

description: Terebra modesta Deshayes, 1859
Deshayes, 1859: 288.
Type locality: ‘L’embouchure de l’Indus’.
Label locality: ‘ Mouth of the Indus’.
Type material: Lectotype NHMUK 1979104 / and 1 paralectotype NHMUK 1979104/2 (H. Cuming collection). Indirect lectotype selection by inference of holotype (Cernohorsky, 1969: 217).
description: Published as part of Salvador, Andreia & Pickering, Joan, 2017, Type catalogue of Terebridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London, U. K., pp. 101-142 in Zootaxa 4250 (2) on page 127, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4250.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/450745
Nonresonant renormalization scheme for twist-$2$ operators in SU($N$) Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Scardino, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the short-distance asymptotics of the generating functional of $n$-point correlators of twist-$2$ operators in SU($N$) Yang-Mills (YM) theory has been worked out in [1]. The above computation relies on a basis change of renormalized twist-$2$ operators, where $-γ(g)/ β(g)$ reduces to $γ_0/ (β_0\,g)$ to all orders of perturbation theory, with $γ_0$ diagonal, $γ(g) = γ_0 g^2+\ldots$ the anomalous-dimension matrix and $β(g) = -β_0 g^3+\ldots$ the beta function. The construction is based on a novel geometric interpretation of operator mixing [2], under the assumption that the eigenvalues of the matrix $γ_0/ β_0$ satisfy the nonresonant condition $λ_i-λ_j\neq 2k$, with $λ_i$ in nonincreasing order and $k\in \mathbb{N}^+$. The nonresonant condition has been numerically verified up to $i,j=10^4$ in [1]. In the present paper we provide a number theoretic proof of the nonresonant condition for twist-$2$ operators essentially based on the classic result that Harmonic numbers are not integers. Our proof in YM theory can be extended with minor modifications to twist-$2$ operators in $\mathcal{N}=1$ SUSY YM theory, large-$N$ QCD with massless quarks and massless QCD-like theories.
Additional file 1: of A systematic investigation of the maximum tolerated dose of cytotoxic chemotherapy with and without supportive care in mice
Creators: name: Aston, Wayne
name: Danika Hope
name: Nowak, Anna
name: Robinson, Bruce
name: Lake, Richard
name: W. Lesterhuis
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional information regarding the clinical severity score used to determine wellbeing of the mice and a comprehensive list of the chemotherapeutic drugs used in this study. (PDF 82Â kb)
"What is the value of {templates}?" Rethinking Document Information Extraction Datasets for LLMs
Creators: name: Zmigrod, Ran
name: Shetty, Pranav
name: Sibue, Mathieu
name: Ma, Zhiqiang
name: Nourbakhsh, Armineh
name: Liu, Xiaomo
name: Veloso, Manuela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The rise of large language models (LLMs) for visually rich document understanding (VRDU) has kindled a need for prompt-response, document-based datasets. As annotating new datasets from scratch is labor-intensive, the existing literature has generated prompt-response datasets from available resources using simple templates. For the case of key information extraction (KIE), one of the most common VRDU tasks, past work has typically employed the template "What is the value for the {key}?". However, given the variety of questions encountered in the wild, simple and uniform templates are insufficient for creating robust models in research and industrial contexts. In this work, we present K2Q, a diverse collection of five datasets converted from KIE to a prompt-response format using a plethora of bespoke templates. The questions in K2Q can span multiple entities and be extractive or boolean. We empirically compare the performance of seven baseline generative models on K2Q with zero-shot prompting. We further compare three of these models when training on K2Q versus training on simpler templates to motivate the need of our work. We find that creating diverse and intricate KIE questions enhances the performance and robustness of VRDU models. We hope this work encourages future studies on data quality for generative model training.
description: Accepted to EMNLP Findings 2024
MOESM2 of Malaria risk factors and care-seeking behaviour within the private sector among high-risk populations in Vietnam: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Chen, Ingrid
name: Thanh, Huong
name: Lover, Andrew
name: Thao, Phung
name: Luu, Tang
name: Thang, Hoang
name: Ngo Thang
name: Neukom, Josselyn
name: Bennett, Adam
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 2. Semistructured Interview Guide: private provider.
Perceptions of and preparedness for cross-cultural care: a survey of final-year medical students in Ireland
Creators: name: O’Brien, Lesley
name: Wassall, Nicola
name: Cadoret, Danielle
name: Petrović, Aleksandra
name: O'Donnell, Patrick
name: Neville, Siobhán
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background Migration is increasing globally, and societies are becoming more diverse and multi-ethnic. Medical school curricula should prepare students to provide high-quality care to all individuals in the communities they serve. Previous research from North America and Asia has assessed the efectiveness of medical cultural competency training, and student preparedness for delivery of cross-cultural care. However, student preparedness has not been explored in the European context. The aim of this study was to investigate how prepared fnal-year medical students in the Republic of Ireland (ROI) feel to provide care to patients from other countries, cultures, and ethnicities. In addition, this study aims to explore students’ experiences and perceptions of cross-cultural care.Methods Final-year medical students attending all six medical schools within the ROI were invited to participate in this study. A modifed version of the Harvard Cross-Cultural Care Survey (CCCS) was used to assess their preparedness, skill, training/education, and attitudes. The data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 28.0, and Fisher’s Exact Test was employed to compare diferences within self-identifed ethnicity groups and gender.Results Whilst most respondents felt prepared to care for patients in general (80.5%), many felt unprepared to care for specifc ethnic patient cohorts, including patients from a minority ethnic background (50.7%) and the Irish Traveller Community (46.8%). Only 20.8% of fnal-year students felt they had received training in cross-cultural care during their time in medical school. Most respondents agreed that they should be assessed specifcally on skills in cultural compe?tence whilst in medical school (83.2%).Conclusions A large proportion of fnal-year medical students surveyed in Ireland feel inadequately prepared to care for ethnically diverse patients. Similarly, they report feeling unskilled in core areas of cross-cultural care, and a majority agree that they should be assessed on aspects of cultural competency. This study explores shortcomings in cultural competency training and confdence amongst Irish medical students. These fndings have implications for future research and curricular change, with opportunities for the development of relevant educational initiatives in Irish medical schools.
Local stress in cylindrically curved lipid membrane: insights into local versus global lateral fluidity models
Creators: name: Pinigin, Konstantin V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lipid membranes, fundamental to cellular function, undergo various mechanical deformations. Accurate modeling of these processes necessitates a thorough understanding of membrane elasticity. The lateral shear modulus, a critical parameter describing membrane resistance to lateral stresses, remains elusive due to the membrane's fluid nature. Two contrasting hypotheses, local fluidity and global fluidity, have been proposed. While the former suggests a zero local lateral shear modulus anywhere within lipid monolayers, the latter posits that only the integral of this modulus over the monolayer thickness vanishes. These differing models lead to distinct estimations of other elastic moduli and affect the modeling of biological processes, such as membrane fusion/fission and membrane-mediated interactions. Notably, they predict distinct local stress distributions in cylindrically curved membranes. The local fluidity model proposes isotropic local lateral stress, whereas the global fluidity model predicts anisotropy due to anisotropic local lateral stretching of lipid monolayers. Using molecular dynamics simulations, this study directly investigates these models by analyzing local stress in a cylindrically curved membrane. The results conclusively demonstrate the existence of a static local lateral shear stress and anisotropy in local lateral stress within the monolayers of the cylindrical membrane, strongly supporting the global fluidity model. These findings have significant implications for the calculation of surface elastic moduli and offer novel insights into the fundamental principles governing lipid membrane elasticity.