cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PSF Anisotropy and Systematic Errors in Weak Lensing Surveys
Creators: name: Jain, Bhuvnesh
name: Jarvis, Mike
name: Bernstein, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given the basic parameters of a cosmic shear weak lensing survey, how well can systematic errors due to anisotropy in the point spread function (PSF) be corrected? The largest source of error in this correction to date has been the interpolation of the PSF to the locations of the galaxies. To address this error, we separate the PSF patterns into components that recur in multiple exposures/pointings and those that vary randomly between different exposures (such as those due to the atmosphere). In an earlier study we developed a principal component approach to correct the recurring PSF patterns (Jarvis and Jain 2004). In this paper we show how randomly varying PSF patterns can also be circumvented in the measurement of shear correlations. For the two-point correlation function this is done by simply using pairs of galaxy shapes measured in different exposures. Combining the two techniques allows us to tackle generic combinations of PSF anisotropy patterns. The second goal of this paper is to give a formalism for quantifying residual systematic errors due to PSF patterns. We show how the main PSF corrections improve with increasing survey area (and thus can stay below the reduced statistical errors), and we identify the residual errors which do not scale with survey area. Our formalism can be applied both to planned lensing surveys to optimize instrumental and survey parameters and to actual lensing data to quantify residual errors.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure; revised submission with minor edits
Ground-State Structure in $ν=2$ Bilayer Quantum Hall Systems
Creators: name: Ezawa, Z. F.
name: Eliashvili, M.
name: Tsitsishvili, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ground-state structure of the bilayer quantum Hall system at the filling factor $ν=2$. Making an exact analysis of the ground state in the SU(4)-invariant limit, we include all other interactions as small perturbation. We carry out analytic calculations and construct phase diagrams for nonzero values of the Zeeman, tunneling and bias interactions. In particular we examine carefully how the phase transition occurs by applying the bias voltage and inducing a density imbalance between the two layers. We compare our theoretical result with the experimental data due to Sawada et al. based on the phase diagram in the $σ_{0}$-$ρ_{0}$ plane, where $ρ_{0}$ and $σ_{0}$ are the total electron density and the density difference between the two layers, respectively.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, to be published in PRB
Zeitgenössische syrische Berichte über die Christenverfolgungen der Jahre 1895/96 im Osmanischen Reich
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Hubert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 91 (2007): Oriens christianus, Band 91
PROCUREMENT RISKS AND STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE QUALITY CONSISTENCY IN WHEAT SHIPMENTS
Creators: name: Wilson, William W.
name: Dahl, Bruce L.
name: Wilson, William W.
name: Dahl, Bruce L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Buying Strategies
subject: Location
subject: Variety
subject: Functional Characteristic Tests
subject: Costs
subject: Risks
subject: Simulation
subject: Stochastic Dominance

description: Consistency of functional characteristics in wheat is a concern confronting buyers and sellers. This research analyzes the cost and risk of different procurement strategies for importers. A stochastic simulation model is used to determine the probability of a functional characteristic being satisfied subject to quality targets and costs for alternative purchase strategies (purchase by protein only, variety, location, variety by location, or functional tests). Joint probabilities of meeting specifications and costs were determined for the alternative purchase strategies. Stochastic dominance was used to determine which purchase strategies dominate others, and stochastic efficiency was utilized to determine the degree of preference. Results indicate that, as more specific characteristics are incorporated into a contract, the probabilities of meeting end-use requirements increase. Requirements of specific characteristics come with a higher cost, due to increased testing costs related to identity preservation. Risk premiums for alternative strategies were derived.
Acyclic Jacobi Diagrams
Creators: name: Moskovich, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27, 17B01

description: We propose a simple new combinatorial model to study spaces of acyclic Jacobi diagrams, in which they are identified with algebras of words modulo operations. This provides a starting point for a word-problem type combinatorial investigation of such spaces, and provides fresh insights on known results.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures. Refernces added. Section 2 rewritten. Proof of Theorem 1.1 rewritten. To appear in Kobe J. Math
Hyperon production in near threshold nucleon-nucleon collisions
Creators: name: Shyam, Radhey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the mechanism of the associated Lambda-kaon and Sigma-kaon production in nucleon-nucleon collisions over an extended range of near threshold beam energies within an effective Lagrangian model, to understand of the new data on pp --> p Lambda K+ and pp --> p Sigma0 K+ reactions published recently by the COSY-11 collaboration. In this theory, the hyperon production proceeds via the excitation of N*(1650), N*(1710), and N*(1720) baryonic resonances. Interplay of the relative contributions of various resonances to the cross sections, is discussed as a function of the beam energy over a larger near threshold energy domain. Predictions of our model are given for the total cross sections of pp --> p Sigma+K0, pp --> n Sigma+K+, and pn --> n Lambda K+ reactions.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, one new table added and dicussions are updated, version accepted for publication by Physical Review C
Private family garden + phenomenology + deconstructivism : alias landscape design cooking a la Czech
Creators: name: Kovář, Martin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Private family garden + phenomenology + deconstructivism; alias landscape design cooking a la Czech is a thesis project the main purpose of which was to answer authors questions concerning the practical use of the two design approaches applied to project for a real site through a development of designs driven by the principles of the respective styles/movements. Emphasis were paid to the influence the movements have on architectural and garden design. Second aim was to investigate the appropriateness and usefulness of designing through a model creation in a miniaturised simulation of the real situation in three dimensions. Following, and the last step, was to investigate the effectiveness of the model to communicate and truthfully represent/simulate the impact of the proposed design interventions. Throughout the work on the project, stages and consecutive steps taken were recorded to document the process. Development of the project was divided into several phases. First, suitable site was chosen and data related to the property gathered. Second, phenomenology and deconstructivism had been studied - mainly through looking at precedent design work and development of visual annotated analysis. Third step, happening simultaneously with second, was creation of a model simulating the current state and conditions on the site. Fourth, preliminary design proposals were developed. As a reflection on step four, design guidelines were developed (step five) to provide more steady ground/base for development of a coherent and better focused final design, which was the product of step six. In the seventh step, a rough model of the final design was developed and had been gradually refined into a stage of a final model with minor changes to the design elements occurring throughout the process. The changes were executed as they became desirable after the three dimensional simulation of the proposed design was developed and a higher level of understanding of the spatial relations was achieved. In conclusion, a high effectiveness of the model "to tell the story" was observed and emphasized even further by digital photo-documentation targeted to "draw the viewer into the model space." Lessons about time demands for the model creation were learned and better level of understanding the way deconstructivism and phenomenology reflect in design work was achieved.
Hermitean matrix model free energy: Feynman graph technique for all genera
Creators: name: Chekhov, L.
name: Eynard, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a diagrammatic technique for calculating the free energy of the Hermitian one-matrix model to all orders of 1/N expansion in the case where the limiting eigenvalue distribution spans arbitrary (but fixed) number of disjoint intervals (curves).
description: 14 pages, latex
CANADIAN EXPORTS OF WHEAT AND BARLEY TO THE UNITED STATES AND ITS IMPACTS ON U.S. DOMESTIC PRICES
Creators: name: Mattson, Jeremy W.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Mattson, Jeremy W.
name: Koo, Won W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: bilateral trade
subject: free trade agreement
subject: wheat
subject: barley
subject: farm price

description: Canadian exports of wheat and barley to the United States have increased significantly since the late 1980s. The objectives of this study are to determine the factors that affect trade flows of hard red spring wheat, durum wheat, malting barley, and feed barley from Canada to the United States and to evaluate the impacts of Canadian wheat and barley exports on the U.S. domestic prices of these commodities. Major factors affecting trade flows of these commodities from Canada to the United States include the exchange rate, quality differences, differences in market size, the U.S. Export Enhancement Program, the elimination of Canadian rail subsidies, and trade liberalization under the Canada - United States Free Trade Agreement of 1989 (CUSTA). These factors have positively influenced Canadian exports, resulting in major increases in Canadian exports of agricultural commodities to the United States. The increased Canadian exports have resulted in reduced U.S. domestic prices of wheat.
A radiative seesaw model linking to XENON1T anomaly
Creators: name: Kim, Jongkuk
name: Nomura, Takaaki
name: Okada, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an attractive model that excess of electron recoil events around 1-5 keV reported by the XENON1T collaboration nicely links to the tiny neutrino masses based on a radiative seesaw scenario. Our dark matter(DM) is an isospin singlet inert boson that plays an role in generating non-vanishing neutrino mass at one-loop level, and this DM inelastically interacts with a pair of electrons at one-loop level that is required to explain the XENON1T anomaly. It is also demanded that the mass difference between an excited DM and DM has to be of the order keV. Interestingly, the small mass difference $\sim$keV is proportional to the neutrino masses. It suggests that we have double suppressions through the tiny mass difference and the one-loop effect. Then, we show some benchmark points to explain the XENON1T anomaly, satisfying all the constraints such as the event ratio of electrons of XENON1T, a long lived particle be longer than the age of Universe, and relic density in addition to the neutrino oscillation data and lepton flavor violations(LFVs).
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Additional file 1 of Cost-effectiveness of the PDSAFE personalised physiotherapy intervention for fall prevention in Parkinson’s: an economic evaluation alongside a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Yiqiao Xin
name: Ashburn, Ann
name: Pickering, Ruth M.
name: Seymour, Kim Chivers
name: Hulbert, Sophia
name: Fitton, Carolyn
name: Kunkel, Dorit
name: Marian, Ioana
name: Roberts, Helen C.
name: Lamb, Sarah E.
name: Goodwin, Victoria A.
name: Rochester, Lynn
name: McIntosh, Emma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Table 1 Unit costs for health-care resource use. Supplementary material 2 - NHS and social care resource use per patient over 6-month. Supplementary material 3 Subgroup (a) and sensitivity (b) analyses results (over six-month).
On the singularity probability of random Bernoulli matrices
Creators: name: Tao, Terence
name: Vu, Van
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A52

description: Let $n$ be a large integer and $M_n$ be a random $n$ by $n$ matrix whose entries are i.i.d. Bernoulli random variables (each entry is $\pm 1$ with probability 1/2). We show that the probability that $M_n$ is singular is at most $(3/4 +o(1))^n$, improving an earlier estimate of Kahn, Komlós and Szemerédi, as well as earlier work by the authors. The key new ingredient is the applications of Freiman type inverse theorems and other tools from additive combinatorics.
description: 30 pages, no figures. This is the final version
TIMME: Twitter Ideology-detection via Multi-task Multi-relational Embedding
Creators: name: Xiao, Zhiping
name: Song, Weiping
name: Xu, Haoyan
name: Ren, Zhicheng
name: Sun, Yizhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We aim at solving the problem of predicting people's ideology, or political tendency. We estimate it by using Twitter data, and formalize it as a classification problem. Ideology-detection has long been a challenging yet important problem. Certain groups, such as the policy makers, rely on it to make wise decisions. Back in the old days when labor-intensive survey-studies were needed to collect public opinions, analyzing ordinary citizens' political tendencies was uneasy. The rise of social medias, such as Twitter, has enabled us to gather ordinary citizen's data easily. However, the incompleteness of the labels and the features in social network datasets is tricky, not to mention the enormous data size and the heterogeneousity. The data differ dramatically from many commonly-used datasets, thus brings unique challenges. In our work, first we built our own datasets from Twitter. Next, we proposed TIMME, a multi-task multi-relational embedding model, that works efficiently on sparsely-labeled heterogeneous real-world dataset. It could also handle the incompleteness of the input features. Experimental results showed that TIMME is overall better than the state-of-the-art models for ideology detection on Twitter. Our findings include: links can lead to good classification outcomes without text; conservative voice is under-represented on Twitter; follow is the most important relation to predict ideology; retweet and mention enhance a higher chance of like, etc. Last but not least, TIMME could be extended to other datasets and tasks in theory.
description: In proceedings of KDD'20, Applied Data Science Track; 9 pages, 2 supplementary pages
PRELIMINARY FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS FOR AN INTEGRATED BIOMATERIALS AND ETHANOL BIOREFINERY USING WHEAT STRAW FEEDSTOCK
Creators: name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Senechal, Donald M.
name: Stowers, Mark D.
name: McDonald, William F.
name: Saffron, Chris M.
name: Hodur, Nancy M.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Senechal, Donald M.
name: Stowers, Mark D.
name: McDonald, William F.
name: Saffron, Chris M.
name: Hodur, Nancy M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: biomass
subject: biomaterials
subject: ethanol
subject: wheat straw
subject: cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW)

description: Biobased products and fuels appear to have a very bright future. A consortium led by NDSU is currently engaged in a project that would use cellulose nanofibers derived from wheat straw to make a product that could substitute for fiberglass and plastics in many applications, including automotive parts. The work described here analyzes the economic value of producing cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) as a co-product in an ethanol biorefinery. An ASPEN Plus-based process model was developed to evaluate ethanol production from wheat straw. The base case model generated 54.418 million gallons per year (MGPY) of denatured ethanol, using approximately 900,000 tons per year of wheat straw feedstock. The capital cost was estimated at $185 million. Total operating costs, excluding by-product credits, were $92.4 million per year. Revenue from sales was estimated at $98.0 million per year from ethanol and $7.5 million per year from electricity. The earnings before interest and income tax (EBIT) are $13.1 million per year providing a return on investment (ROI) of 7.06 percent. The production cost of ethanol including by-product credit was determined at $1.56 per gallon. When production of CNW was added to the base case model, the manufacturing cost of producing CNW from wheat straw was estimated to be $.57 per pound. Economic analysis indicated that production of CNW would be an enhancement to the economic performance of a wheat straw to ethanol mill.
NON-TARIFF TRADE BARRIERS IN AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Mattson, Jeremy W.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Mattson, Jeremy W.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: non-tariff barriers
subject: trade
subject: survey
subject: North Dakota exporters

description: As trade agreements lower tariff rates throughout the world, other barriers to trade emerge. These non-tariff barriers can be just as troublesome for exporting companies. Non-tariff barriers include technical measures, customs rules and procedures, transport regulations or costs, lack of knowledge of regional markets, and import policies. The objective of this study is to identify non-tariff barriers faced by U.S., and more specifically North Dakota, exporting businesses, especially those involved in agriculture, and to identify difficulties involved in exporting products. A survey of North Dakota businesses is conducted to identify important trade barriers. Phytosanitary regulations and railroad problems are two frustrating issues that create barriers to export for North Dakota agribusinesses. Other non-tariff barriers mentioned in the survey include labeling, paperwork, registration, and language differences. When entering new markets, the biggest problems exporters have are making contacts, resolving credit issues, and competing with low-cost competitors from foreign countries.
Molecular signatures in the structure factor of an interacting Fermi gas
Creators: name: Combescot, R.
name: Giorgini, S.
name: Stringari, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The static and dynamic structure factors of an interacting Fermi gas along the BCS-BEC crossover are calculated at momentum transfer $\hbar{\bf k}$ higher than the Fermi momentum. The spin structure factor is found to be very sensitive to the correlations associated with the formation of molecules. On the BEC side of the crossover, even close to unitarity, clear evidence is found for a molecular excitation at $\hbar^2 k^2 /4m$, where $m$ is the atomic mass. Both quantum Monte Carlo and dynamic mean-field results are presented.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
COSTS AND RISKS OF TESTING AND SEGREGATING GM WHEAT - SUMMARY
Creators: name: Wilson, William W.
name: Dahl, Bruce L.
name: Wilson, William W.
name: Dahl, Bruce L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Genetically modified organisms
subject: biotechnology
subject: wheat
subject: risk
subject: segregation
subject: identity preservation

description: Development of genetically modified crops is challenging the functions of the grain marketing system with many participants arguing for Identity Preservation (IP) systems prior to release of GM varieties. In this study, a stochastic optimization model was developed to determine optimal testing strategies. The model chooses the optimal testing strategy that maximizes utility (minimizes disutility) of additional system costs due to testing and rejection and allows estimation of the risk premium required for sellers to undertake a dual marketing system with GM/Non-GM segregations over the current Non-GM system. Elements of costs (testing costs, rejection costs, and risk premium) were estimated for a base model representing a grain export chain. The model includes elements of costs and risks for uncertainties within the marketing chain including risk of adventitious commingling at all stages of the marketing chain, grower truth-telling, variety declaration, and accuracy of testing technologies. Sensitivities were evaluated for effects of GM adoption, risk parameters, variety declaration, tolerance levels, and for a domestic market case.
GALEX Observations of an Energetic Ultraviolet Flare on the dM4e Star GJ 3685A
Creators: name: Robinson, Richard D.
name: Wheatley, Jonathan M.
name: Welsh, Barry Y.
name: Forster, Karl
name: Morrissey, Patrick
name: Seibert, Mark
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: Salim, Samir
name: Barlow, Tom A.
name: Bianchi, Luciana
name: Byun, Yong-Ik
name: Donas, Jose
name: Friedman, Peter G.
name: Heckman, Timothy M.
name: Jelinsky, Patrick N.
name: Lee, Young-Wook
name: Madore, Barry F.
name: Malina, Roger F.
name: Martin, D. Christopher
name: Milliard, Bruno
name: Neff, Susan G.
name: Schiminovich, David
name: Siegmund, Oswald H. W.
name: Small, Todd
name: Szalay, Alex S.
name: Wyder, Ted K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) satellite has obtained high time resolution ultraviolet photometry during a large flare on the M4 dwarf star GJ 3685A. Simultaneous NUV (1750 - 2800A) and FUV (1350 - 1750A) time-tagged photometry with time resolution better than 0.1 s shows that the overall brightness in the FUV band increased by a factor of 1000 in 200 s. Under the assumption that the NUV emission is mostly due to a stellar continuum, and that the FUV flux is shared equally between emission lines and continuum, then there is evidence for two distinct flare components for this event. The first flare type is characterized by an exponential increase in flux with little or no increase in temperature. The other involves rapid increases in both temperature and flux. While the decay time for the first flare component may be several hours, the second flare event decayed over less than 1 minute, suggesting that there was little or no confinement of the heated plasma.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DECLINING U.S. AGRICULTURAL TRADE SURPLUS
Creators: name: Mattson, Jeremy W.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Mattson, Jeremy W.
name: Koo, Won W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agricultural trade balance
subject: free trade agreements
subject: consumer-oriented products

description: The U.S. agricultural trade surplus has fallen from $26.9 billion in 1996 to $7.3 billion in 2004, and it is shrinking even further in 2005. The objective of this paper is to examine the characteristics of the decreasing agricultural trade surplus and determine the factors causing this decline. U.S. imports from Canada and Mexico have more than doubled under NAFTA, and imports from non-NAFTA countries have also increased considerably. Most increases in imports are consumer-ready and horticultural products. U.S. exports to Canada and Mexico have also been increasing steadily, but exports to other important markets have been stagnant or declining. Much of the declining trade surplus can be accounted for by trade with the European Union. Results from an econometric analysis indicate that an increase in disposable income and free trade agreements have contributed significantly to the increase in U.S. imports of consumer-oriented products. U.S. exports are found to be significantly influenced by per capita income and free trade agreements. Moreover, a strong U.S. dollar is found to have had a negative impact on the value of exports of consumer-oriented products, but not bulk or intermediate products. Results show that exports of bulk and intermediate products have been trending downward while exports of consumer-oriented products and imports of intermediate and consumer-oriented products have been trending upward.
Hadronization and Quark Probes of Deconfinement at RHIC
Creators: name: Huang, Huan Z.
name: Rafelski, Johann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss experimental features of identified particle production from nucleus-nucleus collisions. These features reflect hadronization from a deconfined partonic matter whose particle formation scheme is distinctly different from fragmentation phenomenology in elementary collisions. Multi-parton dynamics, such as quark coalescences or recombinations, appear to be essential to explain the experimental measurements at the intermediate transverse momentum of 2--5 GeV/c. Constituent quarks seem to be the dominant degrees of freedom at hadronization. Heavy quark production should help quantify deconfined matter properties.
description: 18 pages, This report constitutes the combined contribution of the authors to the "VI Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum" conference, held 21--25 September 2004 in Sardinia, Italy covering their oral presentations and the `Deconfinement' discussion session; proceedings to be published by the American Institute of Physics
Additional file 3 of Modelling the suppression of a malaria vector using a CRISPR-Cas9 gene drive to reduce female fertility
Creators: name: North, Ace R.
name: Burt, Austin
name: H. Charles J. Godfray
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Equations of the population genetics that define the non-spatial model and underlie the spatial model.
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE FARMERS UNION FARM BILL PROPOSAL
Creators: name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Bill
subject: Targeting
subject: Government Agricultural Spending
subject: North Dakota Representative Farms

description: The lack of a safety net for farm income in the FAIR Act has become evident in recent years because of the necessity of federal legislation each year, 1998-2001, to support farm income. In recent years, U.S. agriculture has experienced a rapid loss of mid-size family farms. The number of small-size farms has increased substantially and the number of large farms has increased slowly. The Farmers Union Farm Bill Proposal is a targeted plan which utilizes varying loan rates based on the USDA's full cost of production for program crops and a Farmer Owned Reserve (FOR). The proposed loan rates decrease as the value of the crop loans increase. The FOR is targeted towards a Limited Renewable Energy Reserve and a Humanitarian Assistance Reserve. The objectives of the study were to develop a distribution of farms in North Dakota by size and estimate the statewide government cost of the Farmers Union Proposal under the baseline and Farmers Union price scenario and compare it to the continuation of the FAIR Act.
Understanding the rapidity dependence of the elliptic flow and the HBT radii at RHIC
Creators: name: Csanad, M.
name: Csorgo, T.
name: Lorstad, B.
name: Ster, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pseudo-rapidity dependence of the elliptic flow at various excitation energies measured by the PHOBOS Collaboration in Au+Au collisions at RHIC is one of the surprising results that has not been explained before in terms of hydrodynamical models. Here we show that these data are in agreement with theoretical predictions and satisfy the universal scaling relation predicted by the Buda-Lund hydrodynamical model, based on exact solutions of perfect fluid hydrodynamics. We also show a theoretical prediction on the rapidity and transverse momentum scaling of the HBT radii measured in heavy ion collisions, based on the Buda-Lund model.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, proceedings contribution for M. Csanad's talk at the Workshop on Particle Correlations and Femtoscopy 2005, Kromeriz
Additional file 1 of Modelling the suppression of a malaria vector using a CRISPR-Cas9 gene drive to reduce female fertility
Creators: name: North, Ace R.
name: Burt, Austin
name: H. Charles J. Godfray
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figures S1-S8. Fig. S1. Simulated population suppression from the spatial model after four and eight years of releases of the “ideal” drive allele, depending on the number of release sites per year and the size of the releases. Fig. S2. The non-spatial model shows a high degree of sensitivity to high Cas9 deposition costs, due to alternative equilibria being attractive depending on the precise parameters. In both panels, both and maternal parameters are equal, and we assume there are no somatic expression costs. Fig. S3. If the Cas9 deposition costs are close to, yet below, the threshold for converging to a high drive allele equilibrium (cf. Fig. S2), the genetic load on the population will also be high at equilibrium. However, the convergence to equilibrium is faster if these costs are not present (dashed lines). Fig S4. The joint influence of connectivity and seasonality on average population suppression. Connectivity of a site is defined as the number of neighbouring sites within a radius of 12km, and the three plotted connectivity levels are the tertiles of this measure across the study area. Fig. S5. Showing how the predictions change if mosquito populations are maintained by frequent long-distance migration rather than by small bodies of permanent water, which was the default assumption. (Figure 3. in the paper plots the spatial variance in suppression eight years after releases begin for the default case, thus corresponding to the middle row here). Fig. S6. As Fig. S5, but now assuming mosquito populations are maintained by adult female aestivation. Fig. S7. The transient dynamics of suppression for the three strengths of drive allele (cf. Fig. 2) and for three rates of dispersal. Fig. S8. Allele frequency dynamics predicted by a version of the non-spatial model that includes fully functional r1 alleles as well as non-functional r2 alleles discussed elsewhere in the text. The three drive alleles differ in somatic expression costs (cf. fig. 2). Note the different x-axes ranges among the three plots.
ANALYSIS OF U.S. WHEAT MARKET SHARES IN EAST ASIA
Creators: name: Jin, Hyun Joung
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Jin, Hyun Joung
name: Koo, Won W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: international wheat trade
subject: market share
subject: panel unit-root test
subject: panel estimation

description: The effects of U.S. wheat prices, dollar values, and their volatilities on U.S. wheat market shares in 10 Asian countries are analyzed. The variables are converted to a relative form comparing the U.S. against Australian and Canadian variables in order to incorporate the effects of competition among these countries. The effects of the increased loan rates and target prices in the early 1980s and the U.S. export enhancement program (EEP) are also analyzed. Estimation results show that higher U.S. wheat prices and U.S. dollar appreciation have detrimental effects, while increases in competitors? wheat prices and currency values have cross positive effects on U.S. market shares. The importers are not sensitive to volatility in annual price and exchange rate changes. Dummy variables representing the domestic farm and trade policies are not statistically significant, implying that the two variables do not have a substantial effect on U.S. wheat export performance in the markets.
Non-Markovian channel from the reduced dynamics of coin in quantum walk
Creators: name: Naikoo, Javid
name: Banerjee, Subhashish
name: Chandrashekar, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum channels with memory, known as non-Markovian channels, are of crucial importance for a realistic description of a variety of physical systems, and pave ways for new methods of decoherence control by manipulating the properties of environment such as its frequency spectrum. In this work, the reduced dynamics of coin in a discrete-time quantum walk is characterized as a non-Markovian quantum channel. A general formalism is sketched to extract the Kraus operators for a $t$-step quantum walk. Non-Markovianity, in the sense of P-indivisibility of the reduced coin dynamics, is inferred from the non-monotonous behavior of distinguishably of two orthogonal states subjected to it. Further, we study various quantum information theoretic quantities of a qubit under the action of this channel, putting in perspective, the role such channels can play in various quantum information processing tasks.
2002 NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK: REPRESENTATIVE FARMS, 2002-2011
Creators: name: Koo, Won W.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: net farm income
subject: debt-to-asset ratios
subject: cropland prices
subject: land rental rates
subject: farm operating expenses
subject: capitalization rate

description: Net farm income for most representative farms in 2011 will be lower than in 2002. Low profit farms, which consist of 25% of the farms in the study, may not have financial resiliency to survive. The new farm bill will provide higher net farm income than a continuation of the FAIR Act. Cropland prices and cash rental rates are projected to increase slightly in all regions. Debt-to-asset ratios for most farms will increase slightly throughout the forecast period. Debt-to-asset ratios for the low-profit and small-size farms are higher than those for large and high-profit farms.
[Letter from Giovanni Batista De Toni]
Creators: name: De Toni, Giovanni Batista
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1908
Subjects: Wright, Edward Perceval
Munier-Chalmas

description: Has found a Lithothamnion marmoreum which is described by E. Perceval Wright in “Proceedings Dublin Microscopical Club”, nov. 1880 p. 11: E. Perceval Wright exhibited sections of a small mussel of marble from the “Calcaire carbonifire”, terrain primare of Namur in Belgium. This most ancient seaweed had been described by Munier-Chalmas in 1876 as Lithothamnion marmoreum. Comments the wonderful state of preservation of this fossil plant.
Neutrino propagation and quantum states in matter
Creators: name: Pivovarov, Ivan
name: Studenikin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly review the matter effects in case of Dirac and Majorana neutrino propagation in medium. We develop the quantum treatment of neutrinos in matter: using the generalized Dirac equations for Dirac and Majorana neutrinos wave functions in matter we get the explicit expressions for the corresponding Green functions.
description: 4 pages, talk presented at HEP-2005, Lisbon, Portugal, July 21-27, 2005
Dryland Salinity: Spatial Impacts and Farmers' Options
Creators: name: Kingwell, Ross S.
name: Kingwell, Ross S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Farm Management

description: The salinisation of farmland in Australia is a major natural resource management problem. Over the next 20 years a further 1.1 million hectares of broadacre farmland is predicted to become salt-affected. This paper firstly explores the spatial ramifications of the spread of salinity in Australia's agricultural regions. Some of the nation's most profitable grain growing regions will become seriously affected by salinity over the next 20 years. Secondly this paper outlines the nature, uptake and profitability of various salinity management options available to Australian farmers. These options include preventative and containment measures, such as engineering solutions and adoption of deep-rooted perennials, and other options involving adaptation to more saline environments such as commercial use of saline water and salt tolerant fodder plants. Deep-rooted perennial fodder species appear to offer the best short to medium term prospect for managing salinity in most agricultural zones. However, in many situations perennials may not be profitable at the scale required to have a significant impact on the rate of spread of salinity on farmland, or the rate of increase of saltload in rivers and streams.
Additional file 1 of Hot-Electron-Activated Peroxidase-Mimicking Activity of Ultrathin Pd Nanozymes
Creators: name: Yonghua Tang
name: Xueqing Xiong
name: Chengjie Xu
name: Deshuai Yu
name: Yanyan Huang
name: Changxu Lin
name: Xiangyang Liu
name: Lin, Youhui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Synthesis of Au, Ag, and Cu NPs. Fig. S1 TMB effect on peroxidase-mimicking activity. Fig. S2 Absorption spectrum changes of the reaction solution. (a) Visible light, (b), and (c) Dark. Fig. S3-S5 (a) One-step formation of Au, Ag, and Cu NPs, (b) The UV−vis absorption spectra, (c) The peroxidase mimicking in the assayed reaction system, (d) Time courses for peroxidase-like activity, respectively. Fig. S6 The fluorescence emission spectra in the presence of different concentration Pd NSs. Fig.S7 The UV−vis absorption spectra of Pd NSs. Fig. S8 Experiments in different atmospheres. Table S1 Comparison of the Kinetic Parameters of Pd NSs and HRP. Table S2 Comparison of the linear range of H2O2 by means of different sensors. Table S3 Comparison of the limit of detection of H2O2 by means of different sensors.
Alternative Policies with Complementary Benefits: Targeting Greenhouse Emissions or Water Recharge on Farming Systems?
Creators: name: Flugge, Felicity
name: Schilizzi, Steven
name: Flugge, Felicity
name: Schilizzi, Steven
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Policies introduced to address one environmental objective can often have the side-benefit of also addressing other environmental objectives. This analysis uses a whole farm bioeconomic model to explore the farm level implications, economic and environmental, of a policy initially designed to reduce greenhouse emissions. We model a regulatory policy which imposes an upper limit on farm greenhouse emissions but allows trees to be used as carbon sinks to offset emissions. The implementation of this policy causes a reduction in whole farm profit, but in addition to decreasing emissions it also decreases groundwater recharge from the farming system and therefore contributes to the prevention of dryland salinity. The analysis compares this approach with using a recharge restriction policy to achieve recharge and emissions reductions. The analysis finds that the position of trees in the landscape affects the extent to which groundwater recharge can be reduced for a given reduction in emissions and that there is a three-way trade-off between profit, emissions reduction and recharge.
Correspondence Between $5D$ Ricci-Flat Cosmological Models and Quintessence Dark Energy Models
Creators: name: Xu, Lixin
name: Liu, Hongya
name: Chang, Baorong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the accelerating expansion and the induced dark energy of the $5D$ Ricci-flat universe which is characterized by having a big bounce as opposed to a big bang. We show that the arbitrary function $μ(t)$ contained in the $5D$ solutions can be rewritten in terms of the redshift $z$ as a new arbitrary function $f(z)$, and we find that there is a correspondence between this $f(z)$ and the potential $V(ϕ)$ of the 4D quintessence models. Using this correspondence, the arbitrary function $f(z)$ and the $5D$ solution could be specified for a given form of the potential $V(ϕ)$.
description: ws-mpla.cls, 10 pages, 4 figures, to be published in MPLA, one reference added, four eps figures changed
ҲАВО ТРАНСПОРТИ ОБЪЕКТЛАРИДА ЖИНОЯТЛАРНИНГ ОЛДИНИ ОЛИШ ВА УЛАРГА ҚАРШИ КУРАШИШДА ТЕЗКОР-ҚИДИРУВ ТАДБИРЛАРИНИНГ ЎРНИ
Creators: name: Мавлонов, Авазхон
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ҳаво транспорти объектларида жиноятларнинг олдини олиш ва уларга қарши курашишда тезкор-қидирув тадбирлари муҳим аҳамият касб этади. Бу тадбирлар хавфсизлик тизимини мустаҳкамлаш, жиноятларнинг олдини олиш ва тезкорлик билан бартараф этишга қаратилган. Замонавий технологиялардан фойдаланиш, ахборот тизимларини жорий қилиш ва халқаро ҳамкорлик жиноятчиликка қарши курашда асосий омиллар ҳисобланади.
To Be, or Not To Be, That Is the Question - In a Group That Is
Creators: name: Horne, Renaye
name: Murray-Prior, Roy B.
name: Storer, Christine
name: Poulish, Nikki
name: Horne, Renaye
name: Murray-Prior, Roy B.
name: Storer, Christine
name: Poulish, Nikki
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: There is a perception in Western Australia that some regions do not have many farmer groups and that there are large numbers of farmers who aren't involved with group activities. This was seen to be a problem for government and industry research organisations that are attempting to encourage change in rural communities through group processes. This perception was not supported by the results of a study of in which 172 south western grain belt farmers were surveyed at three major field days in WA during 2002. With 79% of those surveyed currently involved in an average of 1.7 farmer groups, it can be argued they are heavily involved with group activities. Interestingly older farmers tended to be involved in more groups. Those that are involved in groups do so to gain information, social interaction and to improve themselves, their enterprise and the community; whereas those not involved said they have other sources of information, limited time and the groups offered were not perceived to be applicable. Another trend emerging in WA is the increasing role and membership of farmer initiated and managed groups.
Thermal conductance of Andreev interferometers
Creators: name: Jiang, Z.
name: Chandrasekhar, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the thermal conductance $G^T$ of diffusive Andreev interferometers, which are hybrid loops with one superconducting arm and one normal-metal arm. The presence of the superconductor suppresses $G^T$; however, unlike a conventional superconductor, $G^T/G^T_N$ does not vanish as the temperature $T\to0$, but saturates at a finite value that depends on the resistance of the normal-superconducting interfaces, and their distance from the path of the temperature gradient. The reduction of $G^T$ is determined primarily by the suppression of the density of states in the proximity-coupled normal metal along the path of the temperature gradient. $G^T$ is also a strongly nonlinear function of the thermal current, as found in recent experiments.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Osteospermum; Osteospermum x Dimorphotheca :
title: Guidelines for the Conduct of Tests for Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants,
Publisher: name: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,
Year: 0
Subjects: Osteospermum
Group identity.
New Varieties of Plants

description: The purpose of these guidelines (“Test Guidelines”) is to elaborate the principles contained in the General Introduction (document TG/1/3), and its associated TGP documents, into detailed practical guidance for the harmonized examination of distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) and, in particular, to identify appropriate characteristics for the examination of DUS and production of harmonized variety descriptions.
Quantum effects in a half-polarized pyrochlore antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Bergman, Doron L.
name: Shindou, Ryuichi
name: Fiete, Gregory A.
name: Balents, Leon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum effects in a spin-3/2 antiferromagnet on the pyrochlore lattice in an external magnetic field, focusing on the vicinity of a plateau in the magnetization at half the saturation value, observed in CdCr$_2$O$_4$, and HgCr$_2$O$_4$. Our theory, based on quantum fluctuations, predicts the existence of a symmetry-broken state on the plateau, even with only nearest-neighbor microscopic exchange. This symmetry broken state consists of a particular arrangement of spins polarized parallel and antiparallel to the field in a 3:1 ratio on each tetrahedron. It quadruples the lattice unit cell, and reduces the space group from $Fd\bar{3}m$ to $P4_332$. We also predict that for fields just above the plateau, the low temperature phase has transverse spin order, describable as a Bose-Einstein condensate of magnons. Other comparisons to and suggestions for experiments are discussed.
Additional file 2 of Modelling the suppression of a malaria vector using a CRISPR-Cas9 gene drive to reduce female fertility
Creators: name: North, Ace R.
name: Burt, Austin
name: H. Charles J. Godfray
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. The mean, minimum, and maximum predictions of population suppression depending on the dry season ecology and the drive allele strength. Each result is from ten simulation runs.