cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ARGONAUT-I: Activity of cefiderocol (s-649266), a siderophore cephalosporin, against gram-negative bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant nonfermenters and enterobacteriaceae with defined extended-spectrum β-lactamases and carbapenemases
Creators: name: Greco C.
name: Rhoads D.D.
name: Hujer K.M.
name: Good C.E.
name: Jacobs M.R.
name: Richter S.S.
name: Bonomo R.A.
name: Domitrovic T.N.
name: Kreiswirth B.N.
name: Hujer A.M.
name: Abdelhamed A.M.
name: van Duin D.
name: Fouts D.E.
name: Rudin S.D.
Publisher: name: American Society for Microbiology
Year: 2019

description: The activity of the siderophore cephalosporin cefiderocol is targeted against carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, the activity of cefiderocol against characterized carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii complex, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacteriaceae strains was determined by microdilution in iron-depleted Mueller-Hinton broth. The MIC90s against A. baumannii, S. maltophilia, and P. aeruginosa were 1, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/ liter, respectively. Against Enterobacteriaceae, the MIC90 was 1 mg/liter for the group harboring OXA-48-like, 2 mg/liter for the group harboring KPC-3, and 8 mg/liter for the group harboring TEM/SHV ESBL, NDM, and KPC-2.
Supplementary materials from The role of biofilm matrix composition in controlling colony expansion and morphology
Creators: name: Charlton, Samuel G.V.
name: Kurz, Dorothee L.
name: Geisel, Steffen
name: Jimenez-Martinez, Joaquin
name: Secchi, Eleonora
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biophysics

description: Biofilms are biological viscoelastic gels composed of bacterial cells embedded in a self-secreted polymeric extracellular matrix (ECM). In environmental settings, such as in the rhizosphere and phyllosphere, biofilm colonization occurs at the solid–air interface. The biofilms’ ability to colonize and expand over these surfaces depends on the formation of osmotic gradients and ECM viscoelastic properties. In this work, we study the influence of biofilm ECM components on its viscoelasticity and expansion, using the model organism Bacillus subtilis and deletion mutants of its three major ECM components, TasA, EPS and BslA. Using a multi-scale approach, we quantified macro-scale viscoelasticity and expansion dynamics. Furthermore, we used a microsphere assay to visualize the micro-scale expansion patterns. We find that the viscoelastic phase angle, Φ is likely the best viscoelastic parameter correlating to biofilm expansion dynamics. Moreover, we quantify the sensitivity of the biofilm to changes in substrate water potential as a function of ECM composition. Finally, we find that the deletion of ECM components significantly increases the coherence of micro-scale colony expansion patterns. These results demonstrate the influence of ECM viscoelasticity and substrate water potential on the expansion of biofilm colonies on wet surfaces at the air–solid interface, commonly found in natural environments.
Polarization and speed of gravitational waves in hybrid metric-Palatini f(R)-gravity
Creators: name: Dyadina, P. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of the correspondence between the number of degrees of freedom and the number of polarization states in hybrid metric-Palatini f(R)-gravity is considered. It is shown that the scalar transverse breathing and longitudinal modes are a mixture of one polarization state. The speed of gravitational waves propagation in hybrid f(R)-gravity is calculated.
description: 6 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1907.06919
Preventing infectious complications when treating non-malignant immune-mediated hematologic disorders
Creators: name: Van Duin D.
name: Malpica L.
name: Moll S.
Publisher: name: Wiley-Liss Inc.
Year: 2019

description: Immunosuppressants, targeted antibody therapies, and surgical splenectomy are amongst the treatment choices for immune-mediated non-malignant hematologic disorders, with infection being the most common non-hematological adverse event from these therapies. Corticosteroids are associated with a length-of-treatment and dose-dependent risk for infection, including opportunistic infections. Screening and antimicrobial prophylaxis against tuberculosis, Strongyloides stercoralis, and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, are indicated in selected patients on steroids and with certain risk factors for infection. Rituximab is associated with hepatitis B virus reactivation. All patients planned to be started on rituximab should be screened for hepatitis B surface antigen and total core antibody, with antiviral prophylaxis given depending on test results. In eculizumab treated patients, immunization against meningococcal serogroups ACWY and B is recommended. In addition, some guidelines suggest antibiotic prophylaxis for the duration of eculizumab treatment. In splenectomized patients, counseling and immunization are cornerstones of infection prevention. Several federal and society guidelines about immunizations and prophylactic antimicrobial therapies for patients treated with various immunosuppressive agents exist and are summarized in this manuscript in a clinical-focused table. In addition, management suggestions are made where no formal guidelines exist.
Additional file 1 of Prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET and PET/CT for assessment of treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Sangwon Han
name: Choi, Joon Young
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. The queries and results of electronic searches of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. We provided queries and results of electronic searches of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases as tables.
SOCIAL STATUS ON CONCEPTION, CONCEPTION COMPLICATIONS AND USES OF CONTRACEPTIVES: A SURVEY IN KHULNA, JASHORE AND DHAKA DISTRICTS IN BANGLADESH
Creators: name: Bhuia, Md. Shimul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420603
subject: Health promotion

description: Background: The act of conceiving a child is referred to as conception, and the purposeful use of artificial methods or other approaches to avoid pregnancy is referred to as contraception. Aim: This study aims to determine women’s knowledge of conception, reasons for conception complications, and knowledge as well as attitudes about different contraception methods among 300 women. Methods: A total of 300 women are included in this study, and they are from different socioeconomic classes in Khulna, Jashore, and Dhaka districts in Bangladesh. Information was acquired through direct interviews conducted by utilizing a prefixed questionnaire between July 2021 and January 2022. Results: The results indicate that 27.70% of women experienced a miscarriage, and 27.30% is the frightening statistic for women who had a late pregnancy. The satisfactory news is that 96% of women think contraception knowledge is necessary, and 45.7% of women are using contraception methods. Among them, 22.7, 12.3, 5.7 and 3% were found using pills, condoms, injections, and caps, respectively. But the concern is that only 53% of women use these methods regularly, and about 13.7% of them have experienced health problems after using contraception, such as 4.3% experiencing missed periods, 15.3% gaining weight, and 18% facing dizziness and vomiting. It also suggests that around 32.3% of women have not used any type of contraceptive method. Conclusion: Inadequate education, specifically a lack of knowledge about conception and contraception, is a significant factor that is linked to all of the issues in this topic, such as unconsidered contraceptive choices. By spreading women’s education, these issues can be eliminated.
Sequential, Multiple-Assignment, Randomized Trials for COMparing Personalized Antibiotic StrategieS (SMART-COMPASS)
Creators: name: Fowler V.G.
name: Jiang Y.
name: Boucher H.
name: Paterson D.L.
name: Van Duin D.
name: Follmann D.
name: Lok J.J.
name: Rouphael N.
name: Doernberg S.B.
name: Tran T.T.T.
name: Hamasaki T.
name: Chambers H.
name: Liu Y.
name: Holland T.
name: Evans S.R.
name: Kreiswirth B.N.
name: Harris A.D.
name: Bonomo R.A.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2019

description: Patient management is not based on a single decision. Rather, it is dynamic: Based on a sequence of decisions, with therapeutic adjustments made over time. Adjustments are personalized: Tailored to individual patients as new information becomes available. However, strategies allowing for such adjustments are infrequently studied. Traditional antibiotic trials are often nonpragmatic, comparing drugs for definitive therapy when drug susceptibilities are known. COMparing Personalized Antibiotic StrategieS (COMPASS) is a trial design that compares strategies consistent with clinical practice. Strategies are decision rules that guide empiric and definitive therapy decisions. Sequential, multiple-assignment, randomized (SMART) COMPASS allows evaluation when there are multiple, definitive therapy options. SMART COMPASS is pragmatic, mirroring clinical, antibiotic-treatment decision-making and addressing the most relevant issue for treating patients: Identification of the patient-management strategy that optimizes the ultimate patient outcomes. SMART COMPASS is valuable in the setting of antibiotic resistance, when therapeutic adjustments may be necessary due to resistance.
Perspectives on quality of service in distributed and embedded real-time systems
Creators: name: Schönberger, Lea
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Embedded system
subject: Distributed system
subject: Real-time system
subject: Quality of service
subject: 004
subject: Eingebettetes System
subject: Verteiltes System
subject: Echtzeitsystem
subject: Dienstgüte

description: As a consequence of technological advancements, a trend towards the development of smart cities has emerged, i.e., towards urban areas that comprise a multitude of sensors, actuators as well as computation and communication resources. Being integrated into buildings, infrastructure elements, and other objects, these components constitute a large and heterogeneous distributed hardware platform. Traffic participants and other actors of a smart city can use this platform in an on-demand fashion to make use of advanced functionalities such as, for instance, smart means of transportation. In fact, vehicles of different levels of autonomy rely on a smart city's distributed infrastructure when performing sophisticated operations that come with specific quality of service (QoS) requirements, including a multitude of parameters such as timing and reliability constraints. Against the background of a shared, heterogeneous hardware infrastructure, however, guaranteeing the satisfaction of QoS requirements and, thus, ensuring the operations' correctness is an intricate matter. This dissertation addresses selected challenges arising in the context of smart cities, focusing on the underlying distributed system as well as on individual systems interacting with it. All challenges contemplated are related to the notion of quality of service and aim to either guarantee the satisfaction of applications' QoS requirements or to enable the system(s) to enhance the level of service provided to (specific types of) applications. Concretely, a concept of QoS contracts concluded between the distributed system and each executed application is proposed that allows to provide QoS guarantees and, moreover, to detect contract violations. An extension of this concept including applications with robustness requirements is provided as well. For individual systems, focusing especially on smart vehicles, recovery protocols are proposed that enable the system to safely offload parts of critical applications to a smart city's distributed system, even under unreliable connections, while ensuring the temporal correctness. In addition, an approach for the optimization of hardware message filters in controller area network is proposed by means of which the overhead due to unnecessary message inspection can be reduced, allowing to spend the saved resource capacity on the execution of other applications. All concepts and approaches contributed in this dissertation have been evaluated and shown to be effective.
A note on invariant temporal functions
Creators: name: Müller, Olaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C50

description: The purpose of this article is to present a result on the existence of Cauchy temporal functions invariant by the action of a compact group of conformal transformations in arbitrary globally hyperbolic manifolds. Moreover, the previous results about the existence of Cauchy temporal functions with additional properties on arbitrary globally hyperbolic manifolds are unified in a fully general theorem. The article is written as self-contained as possible, no prior knowledge on Lorentzian geometry is assumed.
description: 14 pages, no figures
Additional file 2 of Development and validation of the prenatal activity restriction stress questionnaire: a Rasch rating scale analysis
Creators: name: Hsiao-Ying Hung
name: Su-Pin Hung
name: Chang, Ying-Ju
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Prenatal Activity Restriction Stress Questionnaire (PARSQ).
Representation Selective Self-distillation and wav2vec 2.0 Feature Exploration for Spoof-aware Speaker Verification
Creators: name: Lee, Jin Woo
name: Kim, Eungbeom
name: Koo, Junghyun
name: Lee, Kyogu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Text-to-speech and voice conversion studies are constantly improving to the extent where they can produce synthetic speech almost indistinguishable from bona fide human speech. In this regard, the importance of countermeasures (CM) against synthetic voice attacks of the automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems emerges. Nonetheless, most end-to-end spoofing detection networks are black-box systems, and the answer to what is an effective representation for finding artifacts remains veiled. In this paper, we examine which feature space can effectively represent synthetic artifacts using wav2vec 2.0, and study which architecture can effectively utilize the space. Our study allows us to analyze which attribute of speech signals is advantageous for the CM systems. The proposed CM system achieved 0.31% equal error rate (EER) on ASVspoof 2019 LA evaluation set for the spoof detection task. We further propose a simple yet effective spoofing aware speaker verification (SASV) method, which takes advantage of the disentangled representations from our countermeasure system. Evaluation performed with the SASV Challenge 2022 database show 1.08% of SASV EER. Quantitative analysis shows that using the explored feature space of wav2vec 2.0 advantages both spoofing CM and SASV.
description: Accepted to be published in the Proceedings of Interspeech 2022
Additional file 1 of A machine learning analysis of serious misconduct among Australian police
Creators: name: Cubitt, Timothy I. C.
name: Wooden, Ken R.
name: Roberts, Karl A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file1: Variables included for analysis and definitions.
ICCAS 2019 - Proceedings.pdf
Creators: name: Snae, Adriana
name: Haven-Tang, Claire
name: Gibbs, Darryl
name: Ritchie, Caroline
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 150401 Food and Hospitality Services
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 90804 Food Packaging, Preservation and Safety
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 90899 Food Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 90802 Food Engineering
subject: 90805 Food Processing
subject: 90803 Food Nutritional Balance
subject: 150402 Hospitality Management

description: The concept of an International Conference on Culinary Arts and Sciences (ICCAS) was initiated in 1993 when the Worshipful Company of Cooks of London established a Centre for Culinary Research at Bournemouth University as a forum for culinary artists and scientists from academia and industry to present their work and share ideas.
The first ICCAS was held at Bournemouth University in 1996 since when a total of ten ICCAS conferences have been held around the world in countries which include England, Egypt, Sweden, Norway, Portugal, the USA and Denmark. It remains the only international conference whose key aim is to bring together the two sides of the international food industry; food sciences and food services.

This, the 11th ICCAS was hosted by Cardiff Metropolitan University on 27-28th June 2019. It was organised by the Welsh Centre for Tourism Research (WCTR) in conjunction with the ZERO2FIVE Food Industry Centre. WCTR has expertise in the areas of hospitality and frontline food service sector operations whilst ZERO2FIVE specialises in food manufacture, new product development, food safety and food science.
The conference theme, Food and Society, reflects the key role the food and drink industries play in society. In Wales, for example, the 2017 Welsh Government economic action plan, Prosperity for All, is based on four foundational sectors, two of which are food and tourism. These are recognised as being crucial to the lives of people and communities across Wales and are instrumental in creating long-term sustainable local economies and a more hospitable society.

#ICCAS2019
Crystal-based pair production for a lepton collider positron source
Creators: name: Bandiera, L.
name: Bomben, L.
name: Camattari, R.
name: Cavoto, G.
name: Chaikovska, I.
name: Chehab, R.
name: De Salvador, D.
name: Guidi, V.
name: Haurylavets, V.
name: Lutsenko, E.
name: Mascagna, V.
name: Mazzolari, A.
name: Prest, M.
name: Romagnoni, M.
name: Ronchetti, F.
name: Sgarbossa, F.
name: Soldani, M.
name: Sytov, A.
name: Tamisari, M.
name: Tikhomirov, V.
name: Vallazza, E.
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 530
subject: positron: particle source
subject: tungsten: crystal
subject: tungsten: target
subject: radiation: channeling
subject: photon: production
subject: photon: yield
subject: pair production
subject: numerical calculations
subject: DESY Lab

description: An intense positron sources is a demanding element in the design of future lepton colliders. A crystal-based hybrid positron source could be an alternative to a more conventional scheme based on the electron conversion into positron in a thick amorphous target. The conceptual idea of the hybrid source is to have two separate objects, a photon radiator and a photon-to-positron converter target. In such a scheme an electron beam crosses a thin axially oriented crystal with the emission of a channeling radiation, characterized by a considerably larger amount of photons if compared to Bremsstrahlung. The net result is an increase in the number of produced positrons at the converter target. In this paper we present the results of a beam test conducted at the DESY TB 21 with 5.6 GeV electron beam and a crystalline tungsten radiator. Experimental data clearly highlight an increased production of photons and they are critically compared with the outcomes of novel method to simulate the number of radiated photons, showing a very good agreement. Strong of this, the developed simulation tool has been exploited to design a simple scheme for a positron source based on oriented crystal, demonstrating the advantages in terms of reduction of both deposited energy and the peak energy deposition density if compared to conventional sources. The presented work opens the way for a realistic and detailed design of a hybrid crystal-based positron source for future lepton colliders.
Uncertainty Quantification in Breakup Reactions
Creators: name: Sürer, Özge
name: Nunes, Filomena M.
name: Plumlee, Matthew
name: Wild, Stefan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Breakup reactions are one of the favored probes to study loosely bound nuclei, particularly those in the limit of stability forming a halo. In order to interpret such breakup experiments, the continuum discretized coupled channel method is typically used. In this study, the first Bayesian analysis of a breakup reaction model is performed. We use a combination of statistical methods together with a three-body reaction model (the continuum discretized coupled channel method) to quantify the uncertainties on the breakup observables due to the parameters in the effective potential describing the loosely bound projectile of interest. The combination of tools we develop opens the path for a Bayesian analysis of not only breakup processes, but also a wide array of complex processes that require computationally intensive reaction models.
ICCAS 2019 - Proceedings
Creators: name: Snae, Adriana
name: Haven-Tang, Claire
name: Gibbs, Darryl
name: Ritchie, Caroline
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 150401 Food and Hospitality Services
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 90804 Food Packaging, Preservation and Safety
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 90899 Food Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 90802 Food Engineering
subject: 90805 Food Processing
subject: 90803 Food Nutritional Balance
subject: 150402 Hospitality Management

description: The concept of an International Conference on Culinary Arts and Sciences (ICCAS) was initiated in 1993 when the Worshipful Company of Cooks of London established a Centre for Culinary Research at Bournemouth University as a forum for culinary artists and scientists from academia and industry to present their work and share ideas.
The first ICCAS was held at Bournemouth University in 1996 since when a total of ten ICCAS conferences have been held around the world in countries which include England, Egypt, Sweden, Norway, Portugal, the USA and Denmark. It remains the only international conference whose key aim is to bring together the two sides of the international food industry; food sciences and food services.

This, the 11th ICCAS was hosted by Cardiff Metropolitan University on 27-28th June 2019. It was organised by the Welsh Centre for Tourism Research (WCTR) in conjunction with the ZERO2FIVE Food Industry Centre. WCTR has expertise in the areas of hospitality and frontline food service sector operations whilst ZERO2FIVE specialises in food manufacture, new product development, food safety and food science.
The conference theme, Food and Society, reflects the key role the food and drink industries play in society. In Wales, for example, the 2017 Welsh Government economic action plan, Prosperity for All, is based on four foundational sectors, two of which are food and tourism. These are recognised as being crucial to the lives of people and communities across Wales and are instrumental in creating long-term sustainable local economies and a more hospitable society.

#ICCAS2019
Additional file 3 of Prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET and PET/CT for assessment of treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Sangwon Han
name: Choi, Joon Young
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Meta-regression analyses of nine studies where hazard ratios for the influence of %ΔSUVmax on disease-free survival at interim PET scan were available. We provided detailed results of meta-regression analyses including regression coefficients and P values.
Latent Variable Method Demonstrator -- Software for Understanding Multivariate Data Analytics Algorithms
Creators: name: Schaeffer, Joachim
name: Braatz, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 15-01, 15-04, 62-04

description: The ever-increasing quantity of multivariate process data is driving a need for skilled engineers to analyze, interpret, and build models from such data. Multivariate data analytics relies heavily on linear algebra, optimization, and statistics and can be challenging for students to understand given that most curricula do not have strong coverage in the latter three topics. This article describes interactive software - the Latent Variable Demonstrator (LAVADE) - for teaching, learning, and understanding latent variable methods. In this software, users can interactively compare latent variable methods such as Partial Least Squares (PLS), and Principal Component Regression (PCR) with other regression methods such as Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (lasso), Ridge Regression (RR), and Elastic Net (EN). LAVADE helps to build intuition on choosing appropriate methods, hyperparameter tuning, and model coefficient interpretation, fostering a conceptual understanding of the algorithms' differences. The software contains a data generation method and three chemical process datasets, allowing for comparing results of datasets with different levels of complexity. LAVADE is released as open-source software so that others can apply and advance the tool for use in teaching or research.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures, code available: https://github.com/JoachimSchaeffer/LAVADE, preprint submitted to Computers & Chemical Engineering
Carbapenemase-producing organisms in solid organ transplantation
Creators: name: Wong D.
name: van Duin D.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2019

description: Purpose of review Carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are a critical healthcare threat. Infections caused by CRE disproportionately affect transplant patients. Retrospective case studies suggest that up to 10% of transplant recipients develop a CRE infection. The current literature is reviewed with a particular focus on transplant-specific implications. Recent findings There are specific risks inherent to transplant recipients that result in an elevated risk for CRE carriage and subsequent infection. Additionally, the manifestations of these infections are dependent on the specific transplant type. The optimal treatment of CRE infections in transplant recipients has not been defined. Summary A reduction in the regional community CRE burden can lead to a secondary reduction in their occurrence within vulnerable transplant populations. Therefore, core principles of antibiotic stewardship and infection control within all levels of the healthcare system remains the most effective strategy for addressing the current health crisis. Simultaneously, an integrated approach to risk stratification and an approach to treatment is postulated for management of CRE infection within the solid-organ transplant population.
Additional file 2 of Health-related quality of life in patients with inoperable malignant bowel obstruction: secondary outcome from a double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled randomised trial of octreotide
Creators: name: McCaffrey, Nikki
name: Asser, Tegan
name: Fazekas, Belinda
name: Muircroft, Wendy
name: Agar, Meera
name: Clark, Katherine
name: Eckermann, Simon
name: Lee, Jessica
name: Rohit Joshi
name: Allcroft, Peter
name: Sheehan, Caitlin
name: Currow, David C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table A2. Baseline and post-treatment EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL completion rates.
Newtonian Fractional-Dimension Gravity and the External Field Effect
Creators: name: Varieschi, Gabriele U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We expand our analysis of Newtonian Fractional-Dimension Gravity (NFDG), an extension of the classical laws of Newtonian gravity to lower dimensional spaces, including those with fractional (i.e., non-integer) dimension. We apply our model to four rotationally supported galaxies (NGC 5033, NGC 6674, NGC 5055, NGC 1090), in addition to other three galaxies (NGC 7814, NGC 6503, NGC 3741) which were analyzed in previous studies. NFDG is able to fit the rotation curves of all these galaxies without any dark matter component. We also investigate the possible violation of the strong equivalence principle, in relation to the External Field Effect (EFE), i.e., the dependence of the internal motion of a self-gravitating system under freefall on an external gravitational field. This effect is not present in Newtonian or Einstein gravity, but is predicted by some alternative theories of gravity. On the contrary, we show that NFDG does not imply the EFE, at least for values of the fractional dimension in the range $1 \leq D \leq 3$. Using improved NFDG numerical computations, we analyze the rotation curves of the aforementioned galaxies and obtain perfect fits to the experimental data, by using a fractional-dimension function $D\left (R\right )$ which characterizes each individual galaxy. In the galactic sample studied here with NFDG methods, we do not detect any significant differences between galaxies that are supposed to show/not show the EFE according to other alternative theories. A larger sample of galaxies will be needed to fully determine the absence of any external field effect in NFDG.
description: 27 pages, including 8 figures. Fifth paper on NFDG. Added: two appendices, one figure, and new references
Non-equilibrium universality in the dynamics of dissipative cold atomic gases
Creators: name: Marcuzzi, Matteo
name: Levi, Emanuele
name: Li, Weibin
name: Garrahan, Juan P.
name: Olmos, Beatriz
name: Lesanovsky, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theory of continuous phase transitions predicts the universal collective properties of a physical system near a critical point, which for instance manifest in characteristic power-law behaviours of physical observables. The well-established concept at or near equilibrium, universality, can also characterize the physics of systems out of equilibrium. The most fundamental instance of a genuine non-equilibrium phase transition is the directed percolation universality class, where a system switches from an absorbing inactive to a fluctuating active phase. Despite being known for several decades it has been challenging to find experimental systems that manifest this transition. Here we show theoretically that signatures of the directed percolation universality class can be observed in an atomic system with long range interactions. Moreover, we demonstrate that even mesoscopic ensembles --- which are currently studied experimentally --- are sufficient to observe traces of this non-equilibrium phase transition in one, two and three dimensions.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Operando X-ray scattering elucidates the photocorrosion mechanism of $CuBi_2O_4$ films
Creators: name: Derelli, Davide
name: Caddeo, Francesco
name: Frank, Kilian
name: Krötzsch, Kilian
name: Ewerhardt, Patrick
name: Krüger, Marco
name: Medicus, Sophie
name: Klemeyer, Lars
name: Skiba, Marvin
name: Gutowski, Olof
name: Dippel, Ann-Christin
name: Parak, Wolfgang J.
name: Nickel, Bert
name: Koziej, Dorota
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023

description: doi:10.26434/chemrxiv-2023-j1q9w
description: CuBi2O4 has recently emerged as a promising photocathode for photo-electrochemical (PEC) water splitting. However, its fast degradation under operation currently poses a limit to its application. Here, we report a novel method to study operando the semiconductor-electrolyte interface during PEC operation by surface-sensitive high-energy X-ray scattering. We find that a fast decrease in the generated photocurrents correlates directly with the formation of a metallic Bi phase. We further show that the slower formation of metallic Cu, as well as the dissolution of the electrode in contact with the electrolyte, further affect the CuBi2O4 activity and morphology. Our study provides a comprehensive picture of the degradation mechanisms affecting CuBi2O4 electrodes under operation and poses the methodological basis to investigate the photocorrosion processes affecting a wide range of PEC materials.
Current trends in the treatment of pneumonia due to multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria
Creators: name: Watkins R.R.
name: Van Duin D.
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Ltd
Year: 2019

description: Pneumonia is one of the most common infections worldwide. Morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs increase substantially when pneumonia is caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB). The ongoing spread of antimicrobial resistance has made treating MDR-GNB pneumonia increasingly difficult. Fortunately, there have been some recent additions to our antibiotic armamentarium in the US and Europe for MDR-GNB, along with several agents that are in advanced stages of development. In this article, we review the risk factors for and current management of MDR-GNB pneumonia as well as novel agents with activity against these important and challenging pathogens.
Mip-NeRF RGB-D: Depth Assisted Fast Neural Radiance Fields
Creators: name: Dey, Arnab
name: Ahmine, Yassine
name: Comport, Andrew I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural scene representations, such as Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF), are based on training a multilayer perceptron (MLP) using a set of color images with known poses. An increasing number of devices now produce RGB-D(color + depth) information, which has been shown to be very important for a wide range of tasks. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to investigate what improvements can be made to these promising implicit representations by incorporating depth information with the color images. In particular, the recently proposed Mip-NeRF approach, which uses conical frustums instead of rays for volume rendering, allows one to account for the varying area of a pixel with distance from the camera center. The proposed method additionally models depth uncertainty. This allows to address major limitations of NeRF-based approaches including improving the accuracy of geometry, reduced artifacts, faster training time, and shortened prediction time. Experiments are performed on well-known benchmark scenes, and comparisons show improved accuracy in scene geometry and photometric reconstruction, while reducing the training time by 3 - 5 times.
მედია ეთიკა და პოლიტიკური არჩევნები
Creators: name: Mosashvili, Gia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200104 Media Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 190301 Journalism Studies
subject: 190399 Journalism and Professional Writing not elsewhere classified
subject: 160699 Political Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: საბაკალავრო ნაშრომი მედია ეთიკა და პოლიტიკური არჩევნები განიხილავს იმ ეთიკურ ნორმებსა და რეგულაციებს, რომლითაც მედიამ უნდა იხელმძღვანელოს არჩევნების პროცესში. ნაშრომი შედგება ექვსი თეორიული და ერთი პრაქტიკული ნაწილისგან. პირველი და მეორე ნაწილი შეეხება მედიის გავლენას პოლიტიკურ პროცესებზე. მესამე საკითხი მოიცავს ეთიკის კოდექსსა და საერთაშორისო რეგულაციებს. მეოთხე და მეხუთე ნაწილი პოლიტიკური რეკლამებისა და დებატებისგან შედგება. მეექვსე ნაწილი აღწერს მედია მონიტორინგის მნიშვნელობას. ძირითად კვლევაში განხილულია: მეცხრე არხის როლი 2012 წლის საპარლამენტო არჩევნებში; თურქეთი ოპოზიციური მედიის გარეშე დარჩა; როგორ შეცვალა დონალდ ტრამპმა ამერიკული მედია; სოციალური მედია და საქართველო.
Anomaly Cancelation in Field Theory and F-theory on a Circle
Creators: name: Grimm, Thomas W.
name: Kapfer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the manifestation of local gauge anomalies of four- and six-dimensional field theories in the lower-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory obtained after circle compactification. We identify a convenient set of transformations acting on the whole tower of massless and massive states and investigate their action on the low-energy effective theories in the Coulomb branch. The maps employ higher-dimensional large gauge transformations and precisely yield the anomaly cancelation conditions when acting on the one-loop induced Chern-Simons terms in the three- and five-dimensional effective theory. The arising symmetries are argued to play a key role in the study of the M-theory to F-theory limit on Calabi-Yau manifolds. For example, using the fact that all fully resolved F-theory geometries inducing multiple Abelian gauge groups or non-Abelian groups admit a certain set of symmetries, we are able to generally show the cancelation of pure Abelian or pure non-Abelian anomalies in these models.
description: 48 pages, 2 figures; v2: typos corrected, comments on circle fluxes added
Additional file 2 of Pharmacist and patient perspectives on recruitment strategies for randomized controlled trials: a qualitative analysis
Creators: name: Fletcher, Jane M.
name: Saunders-Smith, Terry
name: Manns, Braden J.
name: Tsuyuki, Ross
name: Hemmelgarn, Brenda R.
name: Tonelli, Marcello
name: Campbell, David J. T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Agenda - ACCESS Study-Recruitment material Focus Group.
Does the New Science GCSE Curriculum Improve The Effectiveness of Practical Work In Key Stage 4 Classes?
Creators: name: Viswarajan, Sheeba
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2023

description: This study was designed to consider the effectiveness of practical work under the Key Stage 4 (KS4) science curriculum implemented from September 2016 in England. Science practical work, despite being widely used in English schools, though reasonably effective at teaching manipulative skills, is considered largely ineffective in developing understanding of the underpinning concepts (Abrahams and Millar, 2008). However, the written exam now incorporates questions worth 15% of the GCSE grade on ‘required or ‘core’ practicals owing to the modifications to the practical work assessment introduced in September 2016. These modifications necessitate students to thoroughly comprehend specific practicals, which could increase the effectiveness of practical work.

This study took a multi-method approach for data collection using observation of a sequence of lessons involving GCSE required practicals in four different schools in England, teacher interviews and focus group interviews with students. The data was analysed by adapting the framework used by Abrahams and Millar (2008) to accommodate ideas from cognitive load theory (CLT) (Sweller, 2020). This study concludes that teachers are the driving force, using a range of strategies, for ensuring practical work is carried out as intended. However, there is less emphasis on the development and monitoring of students’ apparatus use and techniques outlined in the curriculum. There is a focus on developing the underlying scientific concepts in post-practical sessions, largely using exam-style questions, which the study found facilitated a deep understanding of aspects of practicals through the application of ideas. However, this is only effective if they are part of a balanced spread of retrieval tasks that includes class discussion about practical results. Memorising a large volume of practical methods is causing anxiety for teachers and pupils. The study finds regular use of CLT strategies develops recall and retention of knowledge. Class discussion effects measurable epistemic progress, but effectiveness is reduced when teachers’ objectives are not clearly defined in both the ‘hands-on’ and ‘minds-on’ domains of practical work.
A generalized Jaynes-Cummings model: The relativistic parametric amplifier and a single trapped ion
Creators: name: Ojeda-Guillén, D.
name: Mota, R. D.
name: Granados, V. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a generalization of the Jaynes-Cummings model and study some of its properties. We obtain the energy spectrum and eigenfunctions of this model by using the tilting transformation and the squeezed number states of the one-dimensional har- monic oscillator. As physical applications, we connect this new model to two important and novelty problems: the relativistic parametric amplifier and the quantum simulation of a single trapped ion.
description: This paper was published onder the title "A generalized Jaynes-Cummings model: The relativistic parametric amplifier and a single trapped ion"
DETERMINING THE ENVIRONMENTAL WATER REQUIREMENT VIA HYDRAULIC AND HYDROLOGICAL METHODS
Creators: name: Abrari, Ladan
name: Parvan, Majed
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 91503 Engineering Practice
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: This study has used a general-purpose multi-objective programming model to determine the minimum human-ecological water balance and ecosystems to determine at least jericanological or minimal blue-water levels. As the two target functions are, respectively, the blue index for humans and the ecosystem index. A case study on the Sufi Chai River. To determine the environmental water requirement of the Sufi River tea, it has been wetted with a hydrostatic method and hydrologic methods of flow transmission curve continuity and tonnage have been used. In the hydraulic method, the soaked environment was used to determine the breaking point from 4 practices: curve slope, maximum curvature, ideal point with scale factor 1 and ideal point with scale factor 2. The results indicate that the Tenant method has shortcomings in estimating the environmental water requirement. Based on the results, the values obtained from the flow transmission curve method are preferable to ecological management conditions than other methods.
Memory training with the method of loci for children and adolescents with ADHD—A feasibility study
Creators: name: Ruchkin, Vladislav
name: Wallonius, Marwin
name: Odekvist, Emma
name: Kim, Sharmeen
name: Isaksson, Johan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The aim of this study was to investigate if training with the memory technique Method of Loci (MoL) is feasible for children and adolescents with ADHD. Twelve children (aged 9–17 years) with ADHD participated. Training with MoL was done using a mobile application, memorizing a sequence of 20–80 pictures, intended to be carried out five times per week for 4 weeks. Feasibility was assessed with pre- and post-intervention ratings, and with interviews after the training. Qualitative data were analyzed with content analysis. Those who trained with MoL performed better on memory test and reported fewer ADHD symptoms after completing the training, as compared to their baseline levels. All of these children would recommend the training to peers but the duration of training varied considerably. The participants and their parents reported that the MoL training was easy and fun to use, although lack of motivation, distractions in every-day life, and lack of routines created challenges. We conclude that training with MoL was considered feasible by most of the participants. Future research should try to make the intervention more acceptable by motivating the participants and limiting potential distractions and involving larger study groups and controls to study the efficacy of the training.
The Role of Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole in the Treatment of Infections Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae
Creators: name: Kalayjian R.C.
name: Fowler V.G., Jr.
name: Watkins R.R.
name: Rudin S.D.
name: Hujer A.M.
name: Domitrovic T.N.
name: Hujer K.M.
name: Doi Y.
name: Luterbach C.L.
name: Kaye K.S.
name: Boshe A.
name: Evans S.
name: Bonomo R.A.
name: Henderson H.I.
name: Cober E.
name: Salata R.A.
name: Van Duin D.
name: Richter S.S.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2019

description: In the Consortium on Resistance Against Carbapenems in Klebsiella and other Enterobacteriaceae (CRACKLE), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) had a limited role in the treatment of less severe carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections, especially urinary tract infections. Of tested CRE, only 29% were susceptible to TMPSMX. Development of resistance further limits the use of TMPSMX in CRE infections.
Pseudospin-valve effect on transport in junctions of three-dimensional topological insulator surfaces
Creators: name: Roy, Sthitadhi
name: Roychowdhury, Krishanu
name: Das, Sourin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the surface states of pristine 3D topological insulators (TIs) are analogs of ferromagnetic half metals due to complete polarization of an emergent momentum independent pseudospin (SU(2)) degree of freedom on the surface. To put this claim on firm footing, we present results for TI surfaces perpendicular to the crystal growth axis, which clearly show that the tunneling conductance between two such TI surfaces of the same TI material is dominated by this half metallic behavior leading to physics reminiscent of a spin-valve. Further using the generalized tunnel magnetoresistance derived in this work we also study the tunneling current between arbitrary TI surfaces. We also perform a comprehensive study of the effect of all possible surface potentials allowed by time reversal symmetry on this spin-valve effect and show that it is robust against most of such potentials.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, version published in New Journal of Physics