cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A pilot investigation into brain-computer interface use during a lucid dream
Creators: name: Mallett, Remington
Publisher: name: International Journal of Dream Research
Year: 2020

description: During lucid moments of a dream, the sleeper is aware of the dream as it is occurring, and as a result can often perform predetermined actions within the dream. This provides a unique opportunity for dream research, as lucid dreamers can send real-time signals from sleep to the external world. Historically, such sleep-to-wake communication from a lucid dream is executed via left-right eye movements, which places hard limitations on information transfer. Recent advances in biomedical equipment — specifically brain-computer interfaces — have resulted in headsets that use neural recordings to translate mental imagery into computer commands. In light of evidence suggesting that dreamed and imagined actions recruit similar neural resources, I considered the possibility that the same mental commands that are collected and translated from waking imagery could be similarly performed and detected from within a lucid dream. In this exploratory study with proof-of-concept intent, three participants were asked to use an Emotiv EPOC+ headset and companion software to map a mental motor command (pushing a block) with a resulting computer action (graphic of block moving forward). After waking training, participants attempted to induce a lucid dream while wearing the headset, and upon lucidity perform the same mental command. In two participants, subjectively reported lucid dream task completion was corroborated with video footage of the resulting computer graphic. These preliminary results suggest that a wake-trained brain-computer interface can be controlled from sleep and offer important directions for future dream communication and research.
description: International Journal of Dream Research, Vol 13, No 1 (April 2020)
Frequency of sport dreams in Japanese college athletes
Creators: name: Erlacher, Daniel
name: Fujii, Masato
name: Tazuke, Shunichi
name: Sugiyama, Tetsuji
name: Ganzert, Florian
name: Schredl, Michael
Publisher: name: International Journal of Dream Research
Year: 2020

description: In a previous study with German athletes we could show that, the amount of time spent with sport activity in wakefulness is related to the percentage of corresponding dreams about one’s own sport. The present study applied a Japanese translation of the same questionnaire to a Japanese sample of college athletes to explore cultural differences for the frequency of sport dreams. Results showed that Japanese athletes dream about sports as often as German athletes. Furthermore, the duration of sport career, the amount of competitions and the practice hours during wakefulness was related to the frequency of sport dreams, thus supporting the continuity hypothesis of dreaming. The findings indicated that cultural differences are rather small and that other factors like competitions in addition with the emotional involvement might explain better the relationship between waking sport activity and sport dreams.
description: International Journal of Dream Research, Vol 13, No 1 (April 2020)
A comparative study of clusterhead selection algorithms in wireless sensor networks
Creators: name: Ramesh, K.
name: Somasundaram, Dr. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.4.4; D.4.7; D.4.8; H.2.4
subject: 00B55

description: In Wireless Sensor Network, sensor nodes life time is the most critical parameter. Many researches on these lifetime extension are motivated by LEACH scheme, which by allowing rotation of cluster head role among the sensor nodes tries to distribute the energy consumption over all nodes in the network. Selection of clusterhead for such rotation greatly affects the energy efficiency of the network. Different communication protocols and algorithms are investigated to find ways to reduce power consumption. In this paper brief survey is taken from many proposals, which suggests different clusterhead selection strategies and a global view is presented. Comparison of their costs of clusterhead selection in different rounds, transmission method and other effects like cluster formation, distribution of clusterheads and creation of clusters shows a need of a combined strategy for better results.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables, Int JournaL, International Journal of Computer Science & Engineering Survey (IJCSES) Vol.2, No.4, November 2011
Enhanced Dissipation Rate of Magnetic Field in Striped Pulsar Winds by the Effect of Turbulence
Creators: name: Takamoto, Makoto
name: Inoue, Tsuyoshi
name: Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we report on turbulent acceleration of the dissipation of magnetic field in the postshock re- gion of a Poynting flux-dominated flow, such as the Crab pulsar wind nebula. We have performed two- dimensional resistive relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations of subsonic turbulence driven by the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability at the shock fronts of the Poynting flux-dominated flows in pulsar winds. We find that turbulence stretches current sheets which substantially enhances the dissipation of magnetic field, and that most of the initial magnetic field energy is dissipated within a few eddy-turnover times. We also develop a simple analytical model for turbulent dissipation of magnetic field that agrees well with our simulations. The analytical model indicates that the dissipation rate does not depend on resistivity even in the small resistivity limit. Our findings can possibly alleviate the σ-problem in the Crab pulsar wind nebulae.
description: 6 pages, 11 figures, accepted to ApJ
Wide-field imaging of NGC 4365's globular cluster system: The third subpopulation revisited
Creators: name: Blom, Christina
name: Spitler, Lee R.
name: Forbes, Duncan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analysis of the globular cluster (GC) system of the giant elliptical (E3) galaxy NGC 4365, from eight Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) pointings and a wide-field Subaru/SuprimeCam (S-Cam) image, is presented. We determine the lower limit on the number of GCs to be 6450+-110 and show that the GC system extends beyond 134 kpc (9.5 galaxy effective radii). We revisit the question of whether NGC 4365 has a bimodal or trimodal GC colour distribution and find support for three distinct GC colour subpopulations (i.e. blue, green and red). Sersic profile fits to the radial surface density of each subpopulation reveal that the blue GCs are more extended than either red or green GCs. We find significant differences in the median half light radii for GCs in the blue, green and red subpopulations as well as in the subpopulation ellipticities. A KS test on the mass functions show >98 per cent probability that all three subpopulations are distinct from one another. We also find radial gradients of GC size and colour (metallicity) and a blue tilt. The properties, including surface density profile, position angle, ellipticity and radial colour gradient, of the red GC subpopulation are very similar to the properties of NGC 4365's starlight. This result supports the hypothesis that red GCs are formed along with the bulk of the diffuse starlight in the galaxy. NGC 4365 has a kinematically distinct core and a significant misalignment between the photometric and kinematic major axes. We discuss the possibility that these kinematic features are related to the presence of the distinct third GC subpopulation. We briefly discuss implications for the formation of NGC 4365. (Condensed from original.)
description: 27 pages, 28 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Electronic beam shifts in monolayer graphene superlattice
Creators: name: Chen, Xi
name: Zhao, Pei-Liang
name: Lu, Xiao-Jing
name: Wang, Li-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic analogue of generalized Goos-Hänchen shifts is investigated in the monolayer graphene superlattice with one-dimensional periodic potentials of square barriers. It is found that the lateral shifts for the electron beam transmitted through the monolayer graphene superlattice can be negative as well as positive near the band edges of zero-$\bar{k}$ gap, which are different from those near the band edges of Bragg gap. These negative and positive beam shifts have close relation to the Dirac point. When the condition $q_A d_A= -q_B d_B= m π$ ($m=1,2,3...$) is satisfied, the beam shifts can be controlled from negative to positive when the incident energy is above the Dirac point, and vice versa. In addition, the beam shifts can be greatly enhanced by the defect mode inside the zero-$\bar{k}$ gap. These intriguing phenomena can be verified in a relatively simple optical setup, and have potential applications in the graphene-based electron wave devices.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted on Oct. 15, 2011
Zum Denkmal-, Naturschutz- und Forstrecht beim historischen Grün
Creators: name: Hönes, Ernst-Rainer
Publisher: name: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2020

description: -
description: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 45 Nr. 2 (2004): Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Tulpomanie. Die Tulpe in der Kunst des 16. und 17. Jahrhunderts
Creators: name: Hildebrandt, Siegfried
Publisher: name: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2020

description: -
description: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 45 Nr. 2 (2004): Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Landgraf Philipp der Großmütige 1504 bis 1567 – Hessen im Zentrum der Reform
Creators: name: Die Redaktion
Publisher: name: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2020

description: -
description: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 45 Nr. 3 (2004): Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Bleidenberg und Burg Thurant – Belagerungsburgen an der Mosel, in Rheinland-Pfalz und in Europa
Creators: name: Die Redaktion
Publisher: name: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2020

description: -
description: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 45 Nr. 4 (2004): Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
A diffusion-induced transition in the phase separation of binary fluid mixtures subjected to a temperature ramp
Creators: name: Benczik, Izabella J.
name: Vollmer, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Demixing of binary fluids subjected to slow temperature ramps shows repeated waves of nucleation which arise as a consequence of the competition between generation of supersaturation by the temperature ramp and relaxation of supersaturation by diffusive transport and flow. Here, we use an advection-reaction-diffusion model to study the oscillations in the weak- and strong-diffusion regime. There is a sharp transition between the two regimes, which can only be understood based on the probability distribution function of the composition rather than in terms of the average composition. We argue that this transition might be responsible for some yet unclear features of experiments, like the appearance of secondary oscillations and bimodal droplet size distributions.
description: 6 pages, 3 color figures
Sandnessjøen : [reguleringsplaner]
Creators: name: Pedersen, Sverre
name: Nordhagen, Olaf
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1919

description: Inneholder forslag til reguleringsplan 1919, regulering av Stamnes kirkegård 1936-1937, forslag til reguleringsplan 1946-1948, skisse til generalplan 1950, kart samlet av Sverre Pedersen. Håndskrevne plantegninger og skisser (noen kopier).
Fortegnelse over den trondjemske Kathedralskoles gamle Bogsamling som til Skolen blev skjenket af Rector Kleist
Creators: name: Boye, Engelbreth
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Kleist, Søren Peder

description: Vedl.: Brev fra rektor E. Boye til "Ephoratet", dat. 8/2 1819. Rektor Boyes redegjørelse for boksamlingens registrering på tittelsiden og tittelsidens bakside
Sacred Mountains of the Lizu b
Creators: name: Chirkova, Katia
Publisher: name: Pangloss
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Linguistique
subject: Chinese, Mandarin
subject: Lizu
subject: Rites et cérémonies
subject: sacred mountain names

description: Elan annotation file for the audio file with the same name. Transcribed and translated with Wang Dehe in November 2014
Phase Transition in an Exactly Solvable Extinction Model
Creators: name: Bagchi, Debarshee
name: Mohanty, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We introduce a model of biological evolution where species evolve in response to biotic interactions and a fluctuating environmental stress. The species may either become extinct or mutate to acquire a new fitness value when the effective stress level is greater than their individual fitness. The model exhibits a phase transition to a completely extinct phase as the environmental stress or the mutation rate is varied. We discuss the generic conditions for which this transition is continuous. The model is exactly solvable and the critical behavior is characterized by an unusual dynamic exponent z=1/3. Apart from predicting large scale evolution, the model can be applied to understand the trends in the available fossil data.
description: 5 pages, 3 eps figures, revtex4-1
Non-Geometric Fluxes in Supergravity and Double Field Theory
Creators: name: Andriot, David
name: Hohm, Olaf
name: Larfors, Magdalena
name: Lust, Dieter
name: Patalong, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we propose ten-dimensional realizations of the non-geometric fluxes Q and R. In particular, they appear in the NSNS Lagrangian after performing a field redefinition that takes the form of a T-duality transformation. Double field theory simplifies the computation of the field redefinition significantly, and also completes the higher-dimensional picture by providing a geometrical role for the non-geometric fluxes once the winding derivatives are taken into account. The relation to four-dimensional gauged supergravities, together with the global obstructions of non-geometry, are discussed.
description: 43 pages
Lizu traditional clothing b
Creators: name: Chirkova, Katia
Publisher: name: Pangloss
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Linguistique
subject: Lizu
subject: traditional customs
subject: clothing
subject: Description
subject: Narration

description: Elan annotation file for the audio file with the same name. Transcribed and translated with Wang Xuecai in October 2015
Graph-Based Random Access for the Collision Channel without Feedback: Capacity Bound
Creators: name: Paolini, Enrico
name: Liva, Gianluigi
name: Chiani, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A random access scheme for the collision channel without feedback is proposed. The scheme is based on erasure correcting codes for the recovery of packet segments that are lost in collisions, and on successive interference cancellation for resolving collisions. The proposed protocol achieves reliable communication in the asymptotic setting and attains capacities close to 1 [packets/slot]. A capacity bound as a function of the overall rate of the scheme is derived, and code distributions tightly approaching the bound developed.
description: in Proc. IEEE Globecom 2011, Houston, TX
Rotating Disks and Non-Kinematic Double Peaks
Creators: name: Elitzur, Moshe
name: Ramos, Andres Asensio
name: Ceccarelli, Cecilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Double-peaked line profiles are commonly considered a hallmark of rotating disks, with the distance between the peaks a measure of the rotation velocity. However, double-peaks can arise also from radiative transfer effects in optically thick non-rotating sources. Utilizing exact solutions of the line transfer problem we present a detailed study of line emission from geometrically thin Keplerian disks. We derive the conditions for emergence of kinematic double peaks in optically thin and thick disks, and find that it is generally impossible to disentangle the effects of kinematics and line opacity in observed double-peaked profiles. Unless supplemented by additional information, a double-peaked profile alone is not a reliable indicator of a rotating disk. In certain circumstances, triple and quadruple profiles might be better indicators of rotation in optically thick disks.
description: MNRAS, to be published
overview on non-Apis bees vis-à-vis the exploration of integrated taxonomic approach (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)
Creators: name: FALSWAL, Jyoti
name: DEY, Debjani
name: KUMAR, Sarita
Publisher: name: Fragmenta entomologica
Year: 2022

description: Easy and proficient identification of species or organisms is important for various users, such as conservationists, physiologists and ecologists, etc. Taxonomy is a significant branch of biological sciences to classify the different species and understand their relationships. Currently, taxonomy’s existence is under crisis and its future protection is required in coming times. Majority of taxonomists are using phylogenetic approach for classifying different species. However, scientists believe that taxonomy should be integrative based on a comprehensive framework for delimiting and describing taxa through integrated information using various data and methodologies. This novel approach does not aim to replace the traditional taxonomy but stresses upon the delineation of species over naming new species. Integrative taxonomy defines the units of species diversity employing multiple approaches; like population genetics, phylogeography, ecology, comparative morphology, development and behaviour, etc. Disagreements among disciplines over the number and demarcation of species can be resolved by using molecular data explaining the evolutionary relationships among species. We present a comprehensive review to explore and identify various non-Apis bees and their relationships using integrated taxonomical approaches. We believe that the phylogenies and supportive data can collectively provide a comparative framework for understanding the evolutionary relationships among bee families.
description: Fragmenta entomologica, Vol. 54 No. 2 (2022)
Stochastic Sensor Scheduling for Energy Constrained Estimation in Multi-Hop Wireless Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Mo, Yilin
name: Garone, Emanuele
name: Casavola, Alessandro
name: Sinopoli, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) enable a wealth of new applications where remote estimation is essential. Individual sensors simultaneously sense a dynamic process and transmit measured information over a shared channel to a central fusion center. The fusion center computes an estimate of the process state by means of a Kalman filter. In this paper we assume that the WSN admits a tree topology with fusion center at the root. At each time step only a subset of sensors can be selected to transmit observations to the fusion center due to a limited energy budget. We propose a stochastic sensor selection algorithm that randomly selects a subset of sensors according to certain probability distribution, which is opportunely designed to minimize the asymptotic expected estimation error covariance matrix. We show that the optimal stochastic sensor selection problem can be relaxed into a convex optimization problem and thus solved efficiently. We also provide a possible implementation of our algorithm which does not introduce any communication overhead. The paper ends with some numerical examples that show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, complete version of a technical note for the IEEE transactions on automatic control
new species of Reticulana from the Bismarck Archipelago (Lepidoptera: Erebidae)
Creators: name: Zilli, Alberto
Publisher: name: Fragmenta entomologica
Year: 2022

description: Reticulana sculpta sp. n., a second species of the hitherto monobasic genus Reticulana, is described from New Ireland (Bismarck Archipelago). The new species is similar to the congener R. costilinea from New Guinea, from which it can easily be distinguished by features of the wing pattern and the genitalia
description: Fragmenta entomologica, Vol. 54 No. 1 (2022)
Corrigendum to “A new hypothesis on the evolution of the hybosorid beetle capacity to conglobate their bodies into a tight ball (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea)”
Creators: name: Grebennikov, Vasily V.
name: Smith, Andrew B.T.
Publisher: name: Fragmenta entomologica
Year: 2022

description: Corrigendum to “A new hypothesis on the evolution of the hybosorid beetle capacity to conglobate their bodies into a tight ball (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea)”
description: Fragmenta entomologica, Vol. 54 No. 1 (2022)
Electronic band gap and transport in Fibonacci quasi-periodic graphene superlattice
Creators: name: Zhao, Pei-Liang
name: Chen, Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate electronic band gap and transport in Fibonacci quasi-periodic graphene superlattice. It is found that such structure can possess a zero-$\bar{k}$ gap which exists in all Fibonacci sequences. Different from Bragg gap, zero-$\bar{k}$ gap associated with Dirac point is less sensitive to the incidence angle and lattice constants. The defect mode appeared inside the zero-$\bar{k}$ gap has a great effect on transmission, conductance and shot noise, which can be applicable to control the electron transport.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
new taxon of the soldier beetles’ genus †Poinarelektronmiles from Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Cantharidae)
Creators: name: BRAMANTI, Andrea
name: FANTI, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: Fragmenta entomologica
Year: 2022

description: Poinarelektronmiles cuaroni sp. n., a new fossil species of soldier beetles from the Cretaceous Burmese amber is diagnosed and illustrated, in this document. It is characterized by the antennomeres V-IX with an extremely long antennal process, and the last antennomere is very robust. Unlike what some authors have recently proposed, and as in other genera of Cretaceous soldier beetles, the antennal processes are evidently inserted at the apex of the antennomeres, in the intersegmental zone between the apex and the base of the next antennomere.
description: Fragmenta entomologica, Vol. 54 No. 2 (2022)
A broken solar type II radio burst induced by a coronal shock propagating across the streamer boundary
Creators: name: Kong, Xiang-Liang
name: Chen, Yao
name: Li, Gang
name: Feng, Shi-Wei
name: Song, Hong-Qiang
name: Guo, Fan
name: Jiao, Fang-Ran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss an intriguing type II radio burst that occurred on 2011 March 27. The dynamic spectrum was featured by a sudden break at about 43 MHz on the well-observed harmonic branch. Before the break, the spectrum drifted gradually with a mean rate of about -0.05 MHz/s. Following the break, the spectrum jumped to lower frequencies. The post-break emission lasted for about three minutes. It consisted of an overall slow drift which appeared to have a few fast drift sub-bands. Simultaneous observations from the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO) and the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) were also available and are examined for this event. We suggest that the slow-drift period before the break was generated inside a streamer by a coronal eruption driven shock, and the spectral break as well as the relatively wide spectrum after the break is a consequence of the shock crossing the streamer boundary where density drops abruptly. It is suggested that this type of radio bursts can be taken as a unique diagnostic tool for inferring the coronal density structure, as well as the radio emitting source region.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, accepted by ApJ 2012
ECOSMOG: An Efficient Code for Simulating Modified Gravity
Creators: name: Li, Baojiu
name: Zhao, Gong-Bo
name: Teyssier, Romain
name: Koyama, Kazuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new code, ECOSMOG, to run N-body simulations for a wide class of modified gravity and dynamical dark energy theories. These theories generally have one or more new dynamical degrees of freedom, the dynamics of which are governed by their (usually rather nonlinear) equations of motion. Solving these non-linear equations has been a great challenge in cosmology. Our code is based on the RAMSES code, which solves the Poisson equation on adaptively refined meshes to gain high resolutions in the high-density regions. We have added a solver for the extra degree(s) of freedom and performed numerous tests for the f(R) gravity model as an example to show its reliability. We find that much higher efficiency could be achieved compared with other existing mesh/grid-based codes thanks to two new features of the present code: (1) the efficient parallelisation and (2) the usage of the multigrid relaxation to solve the extra equation(s) on both the regular domain grid and refinements, giving much faster convergence even under much more stringent convergence criteria. This code is designed for performing high-accuracy, high-resolution and large-volume cosmological simulations for modified gravity and general dark energy theories, which can be utilised to test gravity and the dark energy hypothesis using the upcoming and future deep and high-resolution galaxy surveys.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, 1 table
Sensitivity study of explosive nucleosynthesis in Type Ia supernovae: I. Modification of individual thermonuclear reaction rates
Creators: name: Bravo, Eduardo
name: Martínez-Pinedo, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the sensitivity of the nucleosynthesis due to type Ia supernovae with respect to uncertainties in nuclear reaction rates. We have adopted a standard one-dimensional delayed detonation model of the explosion of a Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf, and have post-processed the thermodynamic trajectories of every mass-shell with a nucleosynthetic code, with increases (decreases) by a factor of ten on the rates of 1196 nuclear reactions. We have computed as well hydrodynamic models for different rates of the fusion reactions of 12C and of 16O. For selected reactions, we have recomputed the nucleosynthesis with alternative prescriptions for their rates taken from the JINA REACLIB database, and have analyzed the temperature ranges where modifications of their rates have the strongest effect on nucleosynthesis. The nucleosynthesis resulting from the Type Ia supernova models is quite robust with respect to variations of nuclear reaction rates, with the exception of the reaction of fusion of 12C nuclei. The energy of the explosion changes by less than \sim4%. The changes in the nucleosynthesis due to the modification of the rates of fusion reactions are as well quite modest, for instance no species with a mass fraction larger than 0.02 experiences a variation of its yield larger than a factor of two. We provide the sensitivity of the yields of the most abundant species with respect to the rates of the most intense reactions with protons, neutrons, and alphas. In general, the yields of Fe-group nuclei are more robust than the yields of intermediate-mass elements. Among the charged particle reactions, the most influential on supernova nucleosynthesis are 30Si + p \rightleftarrows 31P + γ, 20Ne + α \rightleftarrows 24Mg + γ, and 24Mg + α \rightleftarrows 27Al + p. The temperatures at which a modification of their rate has a larger impact are in the range 2 < T < 4 GK. (abridged)
description: 33 pages, 15 figures, 22 tables, submitted to Physical Review C
Boundary stress tensor and asymptotically AdS3 non-Einstein spaces at the chiral point
Creators: name: Giribet, Gaston
name: Goya, Andrés
name: Leston, Mauricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral gravity admits asymptotically AdS3 solutions that are not locally equivalent to AdS3; meaning that solutions do exist which, while obeying the strong boundary conditions usually imposed in General Relativity, happen not to be Einstein spaces. In Topologically Massive Gravity (TMG), the existence of non-Einstein solutions is particularly connected to the question about the role played by complex saddle points in the Euclidean path integral. Consequently, studying (the existence of) non-locally AdS3 solutions to chiral gravity is relevant to understand the quantum theory. Here, we discuss a special family of non-locally AdS3 solutions to chiral gravity. In particular, we show that such solutions persist when one deforms the theory by adding the higher-curvature terms of the so-called New Massive Gravity (NMG). Moreover, the addition of higher-curvature terms to the gravity action introduces new non-locally AdS3 solutions that have no analogues in TMG. Both stationary and time-dependent, axially symmetric solutions that asymptote AdS3 space without being locally equivalent to it appear. Defining the boundary stress-tensor for the full theory, we show that these non-Einstein geometries have associated vanishing conserved charges.
description: 8 pages. v2 minor typos corrected
Externally driven one-dimensional Ising model
Creators: name: Aghamohammadi, Amir
name: Aghamohammadi, Cina
name: Khorrami, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A one dimensional kinetic Ising model at a finite temperature on a semi-infinite lattice with time varying boundary spins is considered. Exact expressions for the expectation values of the spin at each site are obtained, in terms of the time dependent boundary condition and the initial conditions. The solution consists of a transient part which is due to the initial condition, and a part driven by the boundary. The latter is an evanescent wave when the boundary spin is oscillating harmonically. Low- and high-frequency limits are investigated with greater detail. The total magnetization of the lattice is also obtained. It is seen that for any arbitrary rapidly varying boundary conditions, this total magnetization is equal to the the boundary spin itself, plus essentially the time integral of the boundary spin. A nonuniform model is also investigated.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Coherent energy scale revealed by ultrafast dynamics of UX$_{3}$ (X=Al, Sn, Ga) single crystals
Creators: name: Nair, Saritha K.
name: Zhu, J. -X.
name: Sarrao, J. L.
name: Taylor, A. J.
name: Chia, Elbert E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Temperature dependence of relaxation dynamics of UX$_{3}$ (X = Al, Ga, Sn) compounds is studied using time resolved pump-probe technique in the reflectance geometry. UGa$_{3}$ is an itinerant antiferromagnet, while UAl$_{3}$ and USn$_{3}$ are spin fluctuation systems. For UGa$_{3}$, our data are consistent with the formation of a spin density wave SDW gap as evidenced from the quasidivergence of the relaxation time $τ$ near the Néel temperature $T_{N}$. For UAl$_{3}$ and USn$_{3}$, the relaxation dynamics shows a change from single exponential to two exponential behavior below a particular temperature, suggestive of coherence formation of the 5\textit{f} electrons with the conduction band electrons. This particular temperature can be attributed to the spin fluctuation temperature $T_{sf}$, a measure of the strength of Kondo coherence. Our $T_{sf}$ is consistent with other data such as resistivity and susceptibility measurements. The temperature dependence of the relaxation amplitude and time of UAl$_{3}$ and USn$_{3}$ were also fitted by the Rothwarf-Taylor model. Our results show ultrafast optical spectroscopy is sensitive to c-\textit{f} Kondo hybridization in the \textit{f}-electron systems.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Diagnostic accuracy of machine learning classifiers for cataracts: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Cheung, Ronald
name: So, Samantha
name: Malvankar-Mehta, Monali S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The objective of this study was to systematically review and meta-analyze the diagnostic accuracy of current machine learning classifiers for pediatric and adult cataracts. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses were searched systematically and thoroughly. Conferences held through Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, American Academy of Ophthalmology, and Canadian Society of Ophthalmology were searched. Studies were screened using Covidence software and data on sensitivity, specificity and area under curve were extracted from the included studies. STATA 15.0 was used to conduct the meta-analysis. Our search strategy identified 150 records from databases and 35 records from gray literature. Total of 21 records were used for the qualitative analysis and 11 records (100 134 images) were used for the quantitative analysis. In adult patients with cataracts, the pooled estimate for sensitivity was 0.948 [95% CI: 0.815–0.987] and specificity was 0.960 [95% CI: 0.924–0.980] for cataract screening using machine learning classifiers. For pediatric cataracts, the pooled estimate for sensitivity was 0.882 [95% CI: 0.696–0.960] and specificity was 0.891 [95% CI: 0.807–0.942]. The included studies show promising results for the diagnostic accuracy of the machine learning classifiers for cataracts and its potential implementation in clinical settings. CRD42020219316
Period decrease in three SuperWASP eclipsing binary candidates near the short-period limit
Creators: name: Lohr, M. E.
name: Norton, A. J.
name: Kolb, U. C.
name: Anderson, D. R.
name: Faedi, F.
name: West, R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SuperWASP light curves for 53 W UMa-type eclipsing binary (EB) candidates, identified in previous work as being close to the contact binary short-period limit, were studied for evidence of period change. The orbital periods of most of the stars were confirmed, and period decrease, significant at more than 5 sigma, was observed in three objects: 1SWASP J174310.98+432709.6 (-0.055 \pm0.003 s/yr), 1SWASP J133105.91+121538.0 (-0.075 \pm0.013 s/yr) and 1SWASP J234401.81-212229.1 (-0.313 \pm0.019 s/yr). The magnitudes of the observed period changes cannot be explained by magnetic braking or gravitational radiation effects, and are most likely primarily due to unstable mass transfer from primary to secondary components, possibly accompanied by unstable mass and angular momentum loss from the systems. If these period decreases persist, the systems could merge on a relatively short timescale.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A (3 May 2012)
On the Waring problem for polynomial rings
Creators: name: Fröberg, Ralf
name: Ottaviani, Giorgio
name: Shapiro, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C20, 11P05, 13F20, 15A21

description: In this note we discuss an analog of the classical Waring problem for C[x_0, x_1,...,x_n]. Namely, we show that a general homogeneous polynomial p \in C[x_0,x_1,...,x_n] of degree divisible by k\ge 2 can be represented as a sum of at most k^n k-th powers of homogeneous polynomials in C[x_0, x_1,...,x_n]. Noticeably, k^n coincides with the number obtained by naive dimension count.
description: 6 pages
The CHESS survey of the L1157-B1 shock: the dissociative jet shock as revealed by Herschel--PACS
Creators: name: Benedettini, Milena
name: Busquet, Gemma
name: Lefloch, Bertrand
name: Codella, Claudio
name: Cabrit, Silvie
name: Ceccarelli, Cecilia
name: Giannini, Teresa
name: Nisini, Brunella
name: Vasta, Magda
name: Cernicharo, Jose
name: Lorenzani, Andrea
name: di Giorgio, Anna Maria
name: team, the CHESS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Outflows generated by protostars heavily affect the kinematics and chemistry of the hosting molecular cloud through strong shocks that enhance the abundance of some molecules. L1157 is the prototype of chemically active outflows, and a strong shock, called B1, is taking place in its blue lobe between the precessing jet and the hosting cloud. We present the Herschel-PACS 55--210 micron spectra of the L1157-B1 shock, showing emission lines from CO, H2O, OH, and [OI]. The spatial resolution of the PACS spectrometer allows us to map the warm gas traced by far-infrared (FIR) lines with unprecedented detail. The rotational diagram of the high-Jup CO lines indicates high-excitation conditions (Tex ~ 210 +/- 10 K). We used a radiative transfer code to model the hot CO gas emission observed with PACS and in the CO (13-12) and (10-9) lines measured by Herschel-HIFI. We derive 20010^5 cm-3. The CO emission comes from a region of about 7 arcsec located at the rear of the bow shock where the [OI] and OH emission also originate. Comparison with shock models shows that the bright [OI] and OH emissions trace a dissociative J-type shock, which is also supported by a previous detection of [FeII] at the same position. The inferred mass-flux is consistent with the "reverse" shock where the jet is impacting on the L1157-B1 bow shock. The same shock may contribute significantly to the high-Jup CO emission.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
ERK1/2 signalling dynamics promote neural differentiation by regulating chromatin accessibility and the polycomb repressive complex.
Creators: name: Semprich, Claudia I
name: Davidson, Lindsay
name: Torres, Adriana Amorim
name: Patel, Harshil
name: Briscoe, James
name: Metzis, Vicki
name: Storey, Kate G
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Model organisms
subject: Synthetic Biology
subject: Tumour Biology
subject: Signalling & Oncogenes
subject: Gene Expression
subject: Genetics & Genomics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Genome Integrity & Repair
subject: Chemical Biology & High Throughput
subject: Computational & Systems Biology

description: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) is a neural inducer in many vertebrate embryos, but how it regulates chromatin organization to coordinate the activation of neural genes is unclear. Moreover, for differentiation to progress, FGF signalling must decline. Why these signalling dynamics are required has not been determined. Here, we show that dephosphorylation of the FGF effector kinase ERK1/2 rapidly increases chromatin accessibility at neural genes in mouse embryos, and, using ATAC-seq in human embryonic stem cell derived spinal cord precursors, we demonstrate that this occurs genome-wide across neural genes. Importantly, ERK1/2 inhibition induces precocious neural gene transcription, and this involves dissociation of the polycomb repressive complex from key gene loci. This takes place independently of subsequent loss of the repressive histone mark H3K27me3 and transcriptional onset. Transient ERK1/2 inhibition is sufficient for the dissociation of the repressive complex, and this is not reversed on resumption of ERK1/2 signalling. Moreover, genomic footprinting of sites identified by ATAC-seq together with ChIP-seq for polycomb protein Ring1B revealed that ERK1/2 inhibition promotes the occupancy of neural transcription factors (TFs) at non-polycomb as well as polycomb associated sites. Together, these findings indicate that ERK1/2 signalling decline promotes global changes in chromatin accessibility and TF binding at neural genes by directing polycomb and other regulators and appears to serve as a gating mechanism that provides directionality to the process of differentiation.
Strong interactions between g- and p-modes in the hybrid gamma Doradus-delta Scuti CoRoT star ID105733033
Creators: name: Chapellier, E.
name: Mathias, P.
name: Weiss, W. W.
name: Contel, D. Le
name: Debosscher, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CoRoT ID 105733033 is an excellent example of hybrid pulsators as it shows g- and p-modes with almost similar amplitudes in two clearly distinct frequency domains. Classical Fourier analysis allows the dectection of frequencies with an amplitude as small as 0.1 mmag up to 50c/d. The frequency spectrum of CoRoT ID 105733033 clearly consists of two distinct ranges, which are typical of gamma Doradus and delta Scuti pulsation. Focus was placed on the identification of linear combinations and frequencies due to the coupling between gamma Doradus and delta Scuti modes. We detect 198 gamma Doradus type frequencies in the range [0.25;4]c/d, of which 180 are not combination frequencies, and 24 of them are separated by a constant period-interval Delta P=0.03074d. According to the asymptotic theory, these 24 frequencies correspond to a series of g-modes of the same ell-degree and different radial orders n. We also detect 246 delta Scuti type frequencies in the range [10.1;63.4]c/d. The dominant frequency F=12.6759c/d was identified as the fundamental radial mode. Our most noteworthy result is that all the main gamma Doradus frequencies f_i are also detected in the delta Scuti domain as F +- f_i with four times smaller amplitudes. Once these frequencies were removed, only 59 can be considered as individual delta Scuti frequencies. A coupling between g- and p-modes is proposed to be a tool for detecting g-modes in the Sun, but this coupling has never yet been observed. Our present study may be valuable input to theoretical studies, addressing the mutual influence of g- and p-mode cavities and the deviation from classical theory. Furthermore, we identify a sequence of g-modes belonging to the same ell but with consecutive orders n.
Time evolution of entanglement entropy from a pulse
Creators: name: Roberts, Matthew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the time evolution of the entanglement entropy in a 1+1 CFT with a holographic dual when there is a localized left-moving packet of energy density. We find the gravity result agrees with a field theory result derived from the transformation properties of Rényi entropy. We are able to reproduce behavior which qualitatively agrees with CFT results of entanglement entropy of a system subjected to a local quench. In doing so we construct a finite diffeomorphism which tales three-dimensional anti-de Sitter space in the Poincaré patch to a general solution, generalizing the diffeomorphism that takes the Poincaré patch a BTZ black hole. We briefly discuss the calculation of correlation functions in these backgrounds and give results at large operator dimension.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
LHC Signals of a Heavy CP-even Higgs Boson in the NMSSM via Decays into a $Z$ and a Light CP-odd Higgs State
Creators: name: Almarashi, Mosleh M.
name: Moretti, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the $Za_1$ decay mode of a heavy CP-even Higgs boson of the NMSSM, $h_2$, where $a_1$ is the lightest CP-odd Higgs state of this scenario, the former produced in association with a bottom-antibottom pair, and find that, despite small event rates, a significant (in fact essentially background free) signal should be extractable at the LHC with very high luminosity, so long that a $Z\to jj$ (where $j$ represents a jet) and $a_1\to τ^+τ^-$ final state is exploited, in presence of $b$-tagging
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Mapping the Universe: The 2010 Russell Lecture
Creators: name: Geller, Margaret J.
name: Diaferio, Antonaldo
name: Kurtz, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Redshift surveys are a powerful tool of modern cosmology. We discuss two aspects of their power to map the distribution of mass and light in the universe: (1) measuring the mass distribution extending into the infall regions of rich clusters and (2) applying deep redshift surveys to the selection of clusters of galaxies and to the identification of very large structures (Great Walls). We preview the HectoMAP project, a redshift survey with median redshift z = 0.34 covering 50 square degrees to r= 21. We emphasize the importance and power of spectroscopy for exploring and understanding the nature and evolution of structure in the universe.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures (2 videos available in the on-line journal article)