cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Oblique DLCQ M-theory and Multiple M2-branes
Creators: name: Cho, Jin-Ho
name: Shin, Sunyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an oblique DLCQ as a limit to realize a theory of multiple M2-branes in M(atrix)-theory context. The limit is a combination of an infinite boosting of a space-like circle and a tuned tilting of the circle direction. We obtain a series of supergravity solutions describing various dual configurations including multiple M2-branes. For an infinite boosting along a circle wrapped obliquely around a rectangular torus, Seiberg's DLCQ limit distorts the torus modulus. In the context of supergravity, we show explicitly how this torus modulus of $\widetilde{\text M}$-theory is realized as the vacuum modulus of dual IIB-theory.
description: v3: 25pages, extended version, References added
Chemistry of nitrilohexaphosphonitrilic chloride
Creators: name: Oakley, Richard Thomas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The isolation of nitrilohexaphosphonitrilic chloride is reported in this work, and its structure shown to be a tricyclic condensed ring. The physical and chemical properties of this molecule are unlike the monocyclic phosphonitrilic chlorides. The reasons for this are not fully understood, but are thought to involve the weakness of the central P-N bond; the crystal structure and mass spectrum of the molecule show that this central bond is long and weak. Substitution reactions, common in the monocyclic chlorides, bring about either a partial or total break-down of the tricyclic P₆N₇ skeleton. In the case of electron-withdrawing substituents (e.g. -F,OMe), complete loss of the phosphonitrilic skeleton is achieved, and, in the case of electron-donating groups (-NMe₂), substitution onto the ring brings about cleavage of one of the internal P-N bonds. The molecule that is formed during the dimethylamination of P₆N₇Cℓ₉ is unique in phosphonitrilic chemistry and its suggested structure visually emphasizes the weakness of the central P-N bond in P₆N₇Cℓ₉. A series of molecular orbital calculations on the P₆N₇Cℓ₉ molecule were carried out in this study, and it is suggested that the observed structural trends in the molecule can be attributed to the properties of the phosphorus 3d[subscript]yz orbital on the bridgehead atoms.
Soricidae G. Fischer 1814
Creators: name: Aidek, Ahmad E.
name: Ibrahim, Amir
name: Amr, Zuhair
name: Hutterer, Rainer
name: Kryštufek, Boris
name: Serra, Gianluca
name: Benda, Petr
name: Shkaky, Yesra
name: Barbanera, Filippo
name: Al-Sheikhly, Omar F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Soricomorpha
Soricidae

description: Family: Soricidae
Remarks:The current knowledge of distribution was interpreted cautiously for the two rarer shrew species (Crocidura katinka and C. leucodon).
description: Published as part of Aidek, Ahmad E., Ibrahim, Amir, Amr, Zuhair, Hutterer, Rainer, Kryštufek, Boris, Serra, Gianluca, Benda, Petr, Shkaky, Yesra, Barbanera, Filippo & Al-Sheikhly, Omar F., 2025, Checklist of Mammals of Syria, pp. 1-130 in Zootaxa 5580 (1) on page 58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5580.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14797597
Pion Mass Shift and the Kinetic Freeze Out Process
Creators: name: Zschocke, Sven
name: Csernai, Laszlo P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinetic Freeze Out process of a pion gas through a finite layer with time-like normal is considered. The pion gas is described by a Boltzmann gas with elastic collisions among the pions. Within this model, the impact of the in-medium pion mass modification on the Freeze Out process is studied. A marginal change of the Freeze Out variables temperature and flow velocity and an insignificant modification of the frozen out particle distribution function has been found.
description: European Physical Journal A (2009), in press
title: A Comparison of Tests Used in the Selection of Milk
Creators: name: Stephens, Roger L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1966

description: The selection of milk has for many years been based upon the use of bacteriological tests such as the standard plate count, methylene blue, and resazurin tests. Such tests demoted the numbers of bacteria in milk and thus were well accepted as a close correlation of sanitary practices on the farm.
However, improvements in equipment, cleaning procedures, sanitizers and handling methods have greatly improved milk quality over the past decade. The farm bulk tank is a much more efficient system of cooling use in many areas. However, its very efficiency in cooling milk poses many new problems for those engaged in the selection of milk. Since the low storage temperatures associated with bulk tanks practically eliminate growth as a cause of high bacterial count, milk producers may neglect various sanitary precautions and still meet current bacterial-count standards. Thus, since efficient cooling can mask faulty production practices, the results of the standard plate count, methylene blue, and resazurin tests as currently conducted non longer portray the true quality of milk supply because they are a measure of number rather than types of bacteria.
title: Partnership, Production & Exchange of Knowledges
Creators: name: Kepa, Mere
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2020

description: ABSTRACT
The authors’ mission is to describe the partnership, production, and exchange of knowledges between the Māori and non-Māori people in the project entitled, Te Puāwaitanga o Ngā Tapuwae Kia Ora Tonu. Life and Living in Advanced Age: A Cohort Study in New Zealand (LiLAC Study NZ). LiLACS NZ is an investigation of the successful factors and trends of [advanced] ageing of two groups of people who are 80 plus years old and more. In the project, the two groups may be considered the elite of the oldest old since they are 1% of their cohort in their birth year still living. Currently, the longitudinal study is in the 5 th year of operation. The focus of the article is on the lived experience narrated by the advisory group of Elders called, Te RōpūKaitiaki o ngā tikanga Māori (the protectors of principles of conduct in Māori research) at the Gerontological Society of America’s conference in New Orleans in 2013.
title: Food Security, Depression and Quality of Life in Northern Plains Indians
Creators: name: Gray, Jacqueline S.
name: Gonzaga, Kevin
name: Penland, James G.
name: Lukaski, Henry C.
name: Stensland, Patty
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2020

description: Major health disparities, high levels of poverty and food insecurity exist in many Native American and Alaskan Native (AI/AN) communities. Relatively little research has been done on these issues and possible relationships between them. A research program was designed with the objective of exploring the relationships between these various issues, if any existed, in one sub-group of AI/AN. In the study, the incidence of food insecurity was determined in a convenience sample of Northern Plains Indians (NPI) and correlated with measures of physical and mental health, body composition, quality of life, cultural identification and dietary intakes. Participants were 458 adult attendees at summer powwows and health fairs held at 5 reservations and 3 tribal colleges in North Dakota and western Minnesota. Participants completed various measurements and assessments and pertinent health and demographic data were recorded. Observed incidences of “food insecurity” overall and “very low food security” in particular (26.4% and 10.4%, respectively) were in sharp contrast to recently reported rates for North Dakota (8.7% and 3.4%) and the U.S. population as a whole (14.7% and 5.6%). In this manuscript, analysis revealed a positive relationship between food insecurity and depression and a negative relationship between food insecurity and quality of life. The findings emphasize the need to address food insecurity when designing research and service programs to address depression in AI/AN populations.
OpenAIRE - Ein Einblick in die Ergebnisse des Aufgabenbereiches 'Next Generation Repositories' von OpenAIRE-Advance
Creators: name: Czerniak, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: OpenAIRE-Advance
Next Generation Repositories

description: OpenAIRE, Akronym für “Open Access Infrastructure for Research in Europe”, ist der größte Aufbereiter von EU-geförderten und anderen, nationalen Forschungsergebnissen. OpenAIRE unterstützt Open Access und Open Science in ganz Europa und bietet außerdem bedarfsbasierte Dienste wie beispielsweise den OpenAIRE Research Graph für Forschungsgemeinschaften, Institutionen/Organisationen und Förderer an. Im Jahr 2009 wurde OpenAIRE als Projekt der Europäischen Kommission zur Begleitung des wissenschaftlichen Prozesses in Richtung Open Access und Open Science etabliert. Und im September 2018 stellt die Gründung der "OpenAIRE AMKE" die Verstetigung der OpenAIRE Intiative dar. Während der letzte Förderungsphase beschäftigte sich OpenAIRE-Advance im Arbeitspaket 6 unter andrem mit der Weiterentwicklung der "OpenAIRE Guidelines", der Entwicklung im Bereich "Next Generation Repositories" und der Transparenz von "Article Processing Charges" (APCs). Der Vortrag stellt OpenAIRE kurz vor und widmet sich den Ergebnissen des Arbeitspaket 6 speziell den "Next Generation Repositories", wobei auch die Themenpunkte wie die Aggregation und Harmonisierung von Metadaten angesprochen werden.
description: Präsentation an der ZB MED, Köln am 04. November 2021.
Nature-based Enterprise Platform
Creators: name: McQuaid, Siobhán
name: Fletcher, Isobel
name: Cooper, Fiona
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Nature-based Enterprise
Nature-based solutions
Connecting Nature
Green infrastructure
Climate Change

description: Welcome to the Connecting Nature, Nature-based Enterprise Platform. Infographic on five reasons to get involved. For additional information on the Connecting Nature project see here, or email marcus.collier@tcd.ie.
description: Suggested citation: McQuaid, S. (2020) Connecting Nature, Nature-based Enterprise platform. Infographic prepared by the Connecting Nature Project. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3952185
Crocidura katinka Bate 1937
Creators: name: Aidek, Ahmad E.
name: Ibrahim, Amir
name: Amr, Zuhair
name: Hutterer, Rainer
name: Kryštufek, Boris
name: Serra, Gianluca
name: Benda, Petr
name: Shkaky, Yesra
name: Barbanera, Filippo
name: Al-Sheikhly, Omar F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Soricomorpha
Soricidae
Crocidura
Crocidura katinka

description: 43. Katinka’s White-toothed Shrew, Crocidura katinka Bate, 1937
(IUCN Red List: DD)
Distribution: A rare species, originally known from the Upper Pleistocene remains from the Tabun Cave (Palestine), but retrieved subsequently from owl pellets collected in Halabiyyeh and 2 km to the southwest of Qal’at Sukkara in Jebel Abd Al-Aziz (Hutterer & Kock 2002). Presumably of a wider occurrence in Mesopotamia and the Euphrates Valley. (Fig. 49)
description: Published as part of Aidek, Ahmad E., Ibrahim, Amir, Amr, Zuhair, Hutterer, Rainer, Kryštufek, Boris, Serra, Gianluca, Benda, Petr, Shkaky, Yesra, Barbanera, Filippo & Al-Sheikhly, Omar F., 2025, Checklist of Mammals of Syria, pp. 1-130 in Zootaxa 5580 (1) on page 58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5580.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14797597
title: A Comparison of Sweet Cream Buttermilk Powder with Nonfat Dried Milk Solids in the Manufacture of Ice Cream
Creators: name: Yanasugondha, Davi
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1951

description: Properly dried sweet cream buttermilk, because of its high fat and lecithin contents, should make superior ice cream. Its use as a source of serum solids in ice cream. Its use as a source of serum solids in ice cream mix would open an outlet for this butter by-product and would serve the needs of ice cream manufacturers during nonfat dry milk solids shortage and it may make a higher score ice cream. The demand for milk solids shortage and it may make a higher score ice cream.
The demand for milk solids has been increasing so rapidly that today the by-products of the dairy industry are being utilized as sources of human food to a much greater extent than before. In past years the greater bulk of creamery buttermilk has been utilized as animal feeds. Attempts are being made to convert more of this by-product into channels of human consumption. As the manufacture of sweet cream butter is increasing at a rapid pace, a larger supply of buttermilk product of high quality which is fit for human consumption is available in the market.
Many previous investigators have used buttermilk products as a source of serum solids in ice cream mix with favorable results. The advantage claimed has been that it tends to improve the whipping ability of ice cream mixes and to impart richer flavor to the product. These beneficial qualities have been attributed to the butterfat and the phospholipids, of which lecithin is predominant. The work of Chapman and Supplee shows that buttermilk and cream contins several times as much licithin as skimmilk. The amounts of total phospholipids reported by Holm et al and Wright et al are approximately 1.77 per cent in dry buttermilk and 1.06 per cent in dry skim milk.
The early UV/Optical emission from core-collapse supernovae
Creators: name: Rabinak, Itay
name: Waxman, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a simple approximate model describing the early, hours to days, UV/optical supernova emission, which is produced by the expansion of the outer
description: 18 pages, 13 figures. Expanded discussion of diffusion
title: The Effect of Common Contaminants on Cheese Starter
Creators: name: Miller, Ivan R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1951

description: Problem and its importance:
Starter is the "heart" of the cheese making industry. only by proper handling of starter can good quality cheese be made. The economic loss from contaminated starter may prove disastrous to a cheese plant if proper corrective measures are not taken.
Milk usually contains a variety of bacteria. Under plant conditions some of these bacteria get into the mother starter or bulk starter unless extreme caution is used. Comparatively little is known about how one organism influences another when grown in milk. This problem is important in the cheese industry.
Purpose:
The purpose of this research project is to determin the effect of some common contaminants on cheese starters. Some of the off flavors and slow acid production found in cheese making may be due to the results of contaminant organisms growing with the starter organisms. If this be true, more information on this subject will prove valuable.
Some organisms have detrimental effects on milk. The question arises: What will two different organisms do when grown together in milk? Streptococcus lactis is important in the cheese industry because it satisfactorily produces the acid necessary in cheese making. If some organism inhibits or stimulates this acid production when grown with Streptococcus lactis, it is important that the cheesemaker know this.
Scope:
Only those contaminants commonly found in dairy products are considered in this project. Simulated plant conditions are used; that is, the starter being tested is contaminated one evening and the results checked and read the next day. Commercial lactic acid cheese starter from the Hansen's Laboratories and milk from the Utah State Agricultural College Creamery are used to propagate the starter. Different percentages of the contaminant are added to the starter to determine the effects of varying numbers of the contaminant on the starter organisms. A control starter is incubated and tested along with the contaminated starter. After the starters have been incubated at 70°F. Overnight, the following tests are run on each one: activity, acidity, pH, creatine, odor and appearance, and microscopic count.
Starter vitality may be determined by the above tests; however, these do not indicate how the contaminant organisms affect cheese when carried on into the cheese making process. Therefore, this project is limited to the effects of contaminants on the starter and not on cheese. This latter problem is reserved for future investigators.
Induction of Word and Phrase Alignments for Automatic Document Summarization
Creators: name: Daumé, Hal
name: Marcu, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current research in automatic single document summarization is dominated by two effective, yet naive approaches: summarization by sentence extraction, and headline generation via bag-of-words models. While successful in some tasks, neither of these models is able to adequately capture the large set of linguistic devices utilized by humans when they produce summaries. One possible explanation for the widespread use of these models is that good techniques have been developed to extract appropriate training data for them from existing document/abstract and document/headline corpora. We believe that future progress in automatic summarization will be driven both by the development of more sophisticated, linguistically informed models, as well as a more effective leveraging of document/abstract corpora. In order to open the doors to simultaneously achieving both of these goals, we have developed techniques for automatically producing word-to-word and phrase-to-phrase alignments between documents and their human-written abstracts. These alignments make explicit the correspondences that exist in such document/abstract pairs, and create a potentially rich data source from which complex summarization algorithms may learn. This paper describes experiments we have carried out to analyze the ability of humans to perform such alignments, and based on these analyses, we describe experiments for creating them automatically. Our model for the alignment task is based on an extension of the standard hidden Markov model, and learns to create alignments in a completely unsupervised fashion. We describe our model in detail and present experimental results that show that our model is able to learn to reliably identify word- and phrase-level alignments in a corpus of pairs.
Crocidura leucodon
Creators: name: Aidek, Ahmad E.
name: Ibrahim, Amir
name: Amr, Zuhair
name: Hutterer, Rainer
name: Kryštufek, Boris
name: Serra, Gianluca
name: Benda, Petr
name: Shkaky, Yesra
name: Barbanera, Filippo
name: Al-Sheikhly, Omar F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Soricomorpha
Soricidae
Crocidura
Crocidura leucodon

description: 44. Bicolored White-toothed Shrew, Crocidura leucodon (Hermann, 1780)
(IUCN Red List: LC)
Subspecies: C. l. judaica Thomas, 1919.
Distribution: Uncertain status but apparently rare (Fig. 50).
Previous records: Known largely from owl pellets collected from north of Idleb, Qal’at Al-Hosson, retrieved from several archaeological sites along the Syrian coast (Shehab 2002).
Recent record: ash-Sheikh Badr (2019).
description: Published as part of Aidek, Ahmad E., Ibrahim, Amir, Amr, Zuhair, Hutterer, Rainer, Kryštufek, Boris, Serra, Gianluca, Benda, Petr, Shkaky, Yesra, Barbanera, Filippo & Al-Sheikhly, Omar F., 2025, Checklist of Mammals of Syria, pp. 1-130 in Zootaxa 5580 (1) on page 58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5580.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14797597
Studies related to natural products : part I selected electrophilic substitution reactions of 3-methylfuran part II structural elucidation of oxygen heterocycles from Zeyhera tuberculosa
Creators: name: Hanssen, Harald Wilhelm
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Part I describes an investigation of the following electrophilic substitution reactions of 3-methylfuran. Acylation under Friedel-Crafts conditions yielded 3-methyl-2-acetylfuran (8) and 3-methyl-5-acetylfuran (9) in the ratio 65:35. Vilsmeier and Gatterman formylation procedures yielded 3-methylfurfural (10) and 3-methyl-5-furfural (11) in the same ratio, 93.5:6.5. Mercuration of 3-methylfuran yielded only the 2-mercuro derivative. Part II describes the isolation and structural elucidation of two major oxygen heterocyclic compounds C and D occurring in the leaves of Zeyhera tuberculosa Bur. et Verlot (Bignoniaceae). Compound C is assigned the structure 5,6,7,8-tetramethoxyflavone (25) on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. Compound D is shown to possess the structure 5,6,7-trimethoxyflavone (35). In this latter instance spectroscopic and chemical evidence could be obtained in support of the structural assignment. In particular, alkaline hydrolysis of D yielded 2,3,4-trimethoxy-6-hydroxyacetophenone (34), the identity of which was established by an unambiguous synthesis. In the synthesis of the acetophenone derivative (34), the key intermediate is 2,6-dimethoxyhydroquinone diacetate (31) which was subjected to Fries rearrangement conditions, followed by acid hydrolysis, to give 2,4-dimethoxy-3,6-dihydroxyacetophenone (33). Partial methylation of (33) yielded (34).
Electrostatic force microscopy and potentiometry of realistic nanostructured systems
Creators: name: Lucchesi, M.
name: Privitera, G.
name: Labardi, M.
name: Prevosto, D.
name: Capaccioli, S.
name: Pingue, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dependency of electrostatic interaction forces on applied potentials in Electrostatic Force Microscopy (EFM) as well as in related local potentiometry techniques like Kelvin Probe Microscopy (KPM). The approximated expression of electrostatic interaction between two conductors, usually employed in EFM and KPM, may loose its validity when probe-sample distance is not very small, as often realized when realistic nanostructured systems with complex topography are investigated. In such conditions, electrostatic interaction does not depend solely on the potential difference between probe and sample, but instead it may depend on the bias applied to each conductor. For instance, electrostatic force can change from repulsive to attractive for certain ranges of applied potentials and probe-sample distances, and this fact cannot be accounted for by approximated models. We propose a general capacitance model, even applicable to more than two conductors, considering values of potentials applied to each of the conductors to determine the resulting forces and force gradients, being able to account for the above phenomenon as well as to describe interactions at larger distances. Results from numerical simulations and experiments on metal stripe electrodes and semiconductor nanowires supporting such scenario in typical regimes of EFM investigations are presented, evidencing the importance of a more rigorous modelling for EFM data interpretation. Furthermore, physical meaning of Kelvin potential as used in KPM applications can also be clarified by means of the reported formalism.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
title: Effects of Aureomycin in Milk Used for the Manufacture of Cheese
Creators: name: Banghart, James A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1951

description: Importance of project:
In recent years many antibiotics have come to the foreground as a treatment for mastitis. Aureomycin is one of the more recent antibiotics that has been used for this purpose.
Aureomycin has been reported to be successful in curing some types of mastitis, but milk produced by cows that have been treated with Aureomycin does not act normal in the cheese manufacturing process. The most noticeable effect in milk from cows treated with Aureomycin has been slow or complete cessation of acid production by bacteria in cultured dairy products; this has been especially true in the cheese manufacturing process.
In the even of slow acid production, or complete cessation of acid production, the cheese produced is either of lower quality than would normally be exected, or the entire vat of cheese may be lost. In either case there is a definite advers effect on the dairy industry.
Purpose of investigation:
The purpose of this problem is to determine the percentage of Aureomycin necessary in milk to cause slow or complete cessation of acid production in the cheese manufacturing process, and to find a chemical or heat treatment that can be used to inactivate the aureomycin so that there will be no harmful effect in milk used to manufacture cheese.
Ethical Hacking and Bug Bounty Programs: Enhancing Software Security Effectively
Creators: name: Mohammed, Anwar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 460403
subject: Data security and protection

description: As the digital landscape evolves, so too do the threats faced by organizations. Ethical hacking and bug bounty programs have emerged as significant strategies to bolster cybersecurity. This paper explores the effectiveness of these programs in identifying security vulnerabilities and examines their contribution to overall software security enhancement. Through a review of existing literature, case studies, and statistical analyses, this research aims to present a comprehensive overview of the role of ethical hackers and bug bounty initiatives in the contemporary cybersecurity framework.
The Cheshire Cat Principle from Holography
Creators: name: Nielsen, Holger Bech
name: Zahed, Ismail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cheshire cat principle states that hadronic observables at low energy do not distinguish between hard (quark) or soft (meson) constituents. As a result, the delineation between hard/soft (bag radius) is like the Cheshire cat smile in Alice in wonderland. This principle reemerges from current holographic descriptions of chiral baryons whereby the smile appears in the holographic direction. We illustrate this point for the baryonic form factor.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Abdominal fat and muscle distributions in different stages of colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Han, Jun
name: Liu, Xinyang
name: Tang, Min
name: Yang, Fan
name: Ding, Zuoyou
name: Wu, Guohao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
A joint behavioral choice model of carpool formation and frequency
Creators: name: Verma, Vivek (M.S. In Engineering)
name: 0000-0002-8882-9918
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Carpooling
subject: Travel demand management
subject: Multinomial probit model
subject: Discrete choice modeling
subject: Econometrics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Joint modeling

description: The future of transportation is often characterized by a vision of shared mobility in which multiple individuals ride in the same vehicle together. The most prevalent form of such shared personal mobility is carpooling. Despite decades of efforts to increase carpool mode shares, the share of carpooling for most travel, and especially work travel, has decreased. There is a need for a deeper understanding of the phenomenon and the drivers that influence carpool choice behavior. To this end, this paper presents an examination of carpool choice behavior with a focus on three critical dimensions of interest: frequency of carpooling, choice of companion for carpooling, and the choice of platform or method for making the carpool arrangement. Using a novel data set derived from a survey of commuters, this paper presents a simultaneous equations model of carpool frequency, companion, and formation method with a view to investigate the carpool choice phenomenon in a more holistic behavioral framework that incorporates a multitude of critical carpool choice dimensions. Results show that individuals do not embrace carpooling with strangers and do not use formal carpool programs to arrange their carpool arrangements. Model results show that a host of socio-demographics and built environment and workplace characteristics affect all three dimensions of carpool behavior. Insights from this study would help in identifying policies and technological platforms that would promote carpooling for disparate population subgroups.
title: Use of Gamma Radiation, Chemicals, and Packaging Films to Control Post Harvest Diseases and to Extend Refrigerated Life of Strawberries and Cherries
Creators: name: Cooper, Gerald M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1961

description: In recent years there has been a considerable amount of work done on developing chemicals that would inhibit mold growth when applied to fresh fruit, and at the same time, be acceptable to man when taken orally. This would save many thousands of tons of fresh produce that are lost each year by spoilage before it ever reaches the consumer. Along with the development of new chemicals to inhibit mold growth there is a substantial amount of research being done on developing a packaging film that will prevent recontamination of the produce, at the same time allowing the passage of gasses into and out of the package to allow respiration of the fruit. During the present century much emphasis has been placed on growing certain varieties of fruit for our specific needs. It has been found that particular varieties are better for canning and that other varieties are better for freezing.
With the release of atomic energy for peaceful use in 1933 by the United States Congress, a new era of food preservation was introduced. Men in the scientific fields believe it is possible to extend the shelf-life of fresh fruits without altering their physical condition to great extent. Many institutions have been awarded grants and contracts to work on various phases of food preservation with atomic energy. Utah State University was awarded a contract by the United States Army Quartermaster Corp to study the use of gamma radiation for extending the shelf-life of fresh produce.
It was with this idea in mind that work for this thesis was conducted to study the effects of gamma radiation, fungicides, and packaging film on the microbial growth on certain varieties of strawberries and cherries. In addition, experiments were conducted using fungicides and packaging films in order to lower the dose of radiation necessary to prevent mold growth. In order for this method of preserving fresh fruit to become successful, new and more economical methods and techniques in handling the materials will have to be developed.
Background oriented schlieren technique with fast Fourier demodulation for measuring large density-gradient fields of fluids
Creators: name: Shimazaki, Takaaki
name: Ichihara, Sayaka
name: Tagawa, Yoshiyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to measure the large density-gradient fields of fluids such as underwater shock waves, we employed a fast Fourier demodulation called Fast Checkerboard Demodulation (FCD) method in Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) technique. BOS is a simple image-based measurement technique that detects the apparent displacement (local distortion) of a background image caused by the density gradient of the fluid in front of the background. The cross-correlation particle image velocimetry (PIV) method, which is commonly employed in the BOS technique for detecting the apparent displacement, uses a random-dot background, whereas FCD uses a periodic pattern as the background (e.g., checkerboard pattern, lattice grid pattern (grid scale)) to detect the apparent displacement as the phase change of the pattern in the Fourier space. In this study, we measured the apparent displacement, which is proportional to density gradient of fluid, of an underwater shock wave using FCD and PIV. The results showed that FCD can measure a displacement gradient of up to 2.5 times larger than that which PIV can measure. Furthermore, we systematically investigated the measurement limit of FCD-BOS by changing several parameters of the periodic patterns, such as the grid size. Also, we explored the related parameters in the Fourier space to understand the limitations. It is worth noting that FCD-BOS with lattice grid pattern (grid scale) can measure the apparent displacement as accurately as that with a custom-made pattern, indicating that large density-gradient fields of fluids can be measured using a simple setup with a commercially available (inexpensive) pattern.
description: 13 pages, 15 figures
Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Achiral Unsymmetrical Four-ring based Hockey-stick Shaped Liquid Crystals: Structure-Property relationship
Creators: name: Jain, Varsha
name: Kaur, Supreet
name: Mohiuddin, Golam
name: Pal, Santanu Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Hockey-stick-shaped liquid crystals are interesting due to their unusual physical properties. Nematic phase observed in these materials have shown promising ferroelectric-like switching, ease of alignment in a planar and homeotropic cell, large flexoelectricity, etc. Polar moieties viz. F, Cl, NO2, etc., in their molecular architecture lead to the development of permanent dipole moment which in turn affects the phase structure and physical properties. Herein, we have designed and synthesised a new series of four-ring-based hockey-stick-shaped molecules having polar Cl group at one end and variable aliphatic chains at another end of the molecular long axis. The four phenyl rings are attached via one ester and two imine linkages. All the compounds exhibited enantiotropic mesomorphism. The lower homologs (1–5 to 1–8) exclusively showed nematic phase whereas other higher homologs either exhibited nematic and/or smectic A phase. Compound 1–5 showed a stable nematic phase with the highest phase range of about 110 °C upon cooling. Detailed X-ray diffraction revealed the internal arrangement of molecules in layers. Density functional theory study confirmed the resultant dipole moment of the molecules (approximately 6 Debye) which in turn cancelled out in the bulk phase due to preferable antiparallel arrangement as a dimer.
Weak indestructibility and reflection
Creators: name: Holland, James
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: We establish an equiconsistency between 1. a proper class of cardinals that are strong reflecting strongs exists2. a proper class of strong cardinals exists while all κ that are κ+2-strong have weakly indestructible κ+2-strength. Replacing κ+2 in (2) with λ makes no difference in consistency strength for sufficiently small λ. Indeed, this equiconsistency holds for λ well beyond the next measurable limit of measurables above κ, but λ must be below the next cardinal μ that is μ+2-strong. One direction of the equiconsistency of (1) and (2) is proven using forcing and the other using core model techniques from inner model theory. Additionally, connections between weak indestructibility and the reflection properties associated with Woodin cardinals are discussed, and similar results are derived for supercompacts and supercompacts reflecting supercompacts.
title: Effects on Urinary Metabolites of Rats Fed Various Edible Fats
Creators: name: Winkel, Cleve
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1955

description: For many years, substitutes for butterfat have been the subject of much controversy. Their acceptance as being nutritionally equal to butterfat has often been question. The importance of this problem lies primarily in its economic and nutritional significance.
A recent study of pulic attitudes toward dairy products conducted by Alfred Politz Research, Inc. for the American Dairy Association, shows that 48.4 per cent of the poulation believed that butter is a more nutritions food than oleomargarine. Only 6 per cent thought that oleomargarine is more nutritious while 27.2 per cent believed they are about the same. The remainder, 18.4 per cent, stated that they did not know.
Margarine tax laws were in force for some time while vegetable oils were being tested as a human food. In addition to chemical examination, many investigations were conducted with rats, calves, and humans. Although there were still conflicting results, the tax laws were repealed and substitutes wen on the market to compete with butter. Many investigators still question the decision that substitutes are qual to butter, nutritionwise.
Many investigations (4, 6, 21, 34) have shown that butter contains one or more growth factors which have not, as yet been identified. Chemical methods have failed to identify any of these factors, and so other methods have been considered. It is a well known fact that interrelationships exist between fat metabolism and the metabolism of other substances. It has been shown (11) that dietary fat affects the metabolism of other nutrients such as calcium and phosphorus. Although not clearly understood, it has been demonstrated (25, 37) that the kidney plays an important role in fat transport and metabolism. The value of urinalysis as a method of indicating the metabolism as a whole is well known, as well as is the high sensitivity of metabolic systems to minute quantities of some substances. The possibility of detecting growth factors or other substances through a study of excreted metabolites seems worthy of consideration in this study.
Recent work with paper chromatography at the University of Texas (48) has indicated that each individual has a specific urinary metabolic pattern. Similarities have been found in the patterns of identical twins and schizophrenics. It was also found that the diet changed this pattern to a certain extent, although this was not studied extensively.
The problem reported here is a study of urine obtained from highly inbred rats fed animal and vegetable fats analyzed by use of paper chromatography.
title: The Influence of Amounts of Propionibacterium Shermanii on Eye Formation and Flavor of Swiss Cheese
Creators: name: Turner, Dan G.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1953

description: Swiss cheese has been rightly called "king of the cheeses." It has been prized the world over for its stately appearance and sweet "hazelnut" flavor. In grading Swiss cheese, these two things,appearance and flavor, are important considerations in determining the cheese score. Appearance is judges according to the number, type, and size of eyes present in the cheese, with color and body and texture also considered. Flavor is judges according to the degree of sweetness and the amount and kinds of off flavors present.
In the past, there has been considerable variation in the quality of the Swiss cheese produces. Causes of this variation were little understood, since wide ranges in grades of cheese were obtained from seemingly similar milk and manufacturing precedures. Technique has been greatly improved by research conducted in both private industry and experiment stations. Much has been done to produce beneficial effects in the cheese, and to reduce detrimental effects.
One question, still debated, is the amount of eye forming bacteria necessary to produce the best eye formation. Propionibacterium shermanii, by its production of carbon dioxide, is thought to be the most important bacteria in producing the eyes. Some Swiss cheese makers see no necessity in adding prepared culture of E. shermanii to their milk. They allow the milk to become "seeded" from organisms already present in the vets and on the equipment. Other cheese makers add small amounts of prepared cultures of T. shermanii, whil still others add rather large quantities. Procedure varies from plant to plant.
Propionic acid and acetic acid are also produced in the life processes of P. shermanii. These two acids are important factors in the development of flavor in Swiss cheese. Therefore, a change in the amount of P. shermanii in the Swiss cheese, and the subsequent effect on eye formation and flavor.
It is the purpose of this experiment to determine the general effects that variations in the size of the inoculation of P. shermanii will produce on eye formation and flavor development. The effects, if any, of the three milk treatments mentioned above will also be noted.
Crocidura gueldenstaedtii
Creators: name: Aidek, Ahmad E.
name: Ibrahim, Amir
name: Amr, Zuhair
name: Hutterer, Rainer
name: Kryštufek, Boris
name: Serra, Gianluca
name: Benda, Petr
name: Shkaky, Yesra
name: Barbanera, Filippo
name: Al-Sheikhly, Omar F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Soricomorpha
Soricidae
Crocidura
Crocidura gueldenstaedtii

description: 45. Güldenstädt’s White-toothed Shrew, Crocidura gueldenstaedtii (Pallas, 1811)
(IUCN Red List: LC)
Subspecies: C. g. monacha Thomas, 1906.
Distribution: Abundant with a wide distribution from Mesopotamia, Aleppo, along the coastal region, Orontes Basin, towards southwestern region (Fig. 51).
Previous records: Al-Furunlok and Qastal Maaf (Lehmann 1965), Maquam Assayed, Qastal Maaf, Rabi’ah, Qal’at Al-Hosson, Homs, 25 km to the northwest of Aleppo, Jarablus, ar-Raqqa, Qanawat-Houran Mount, and Tell Al-Buderi (Hutterer & Kock 2002), Al-Mozirieb and Kharabow (Shehab 2005), and Yahmool (Shehab & Charabi 2006).
Recent record: Shamseen (2021).
Remarks: Until recently this species was classified as C. suaveolens (Bannikova et al., 2001). There were significant changes in both the taxonomic status of the taxa and their distribution (see Hutterer 1993) supported by phylogenetic research on the Palaearctic White-toothed shrews (suaveolens sp. group) (Bannikova et al. 2006).
description: Published as part of Aidek, Ahmad E., Ibrahim, Amir, Amr, Zuhair, Hutterer, Rainer, Kryštufek, Boris, Serra, Gianluca, Benda, Petr, Shkaky, Yesra, Barbanera, Filippo & Al-Sheikhly, Omar F., 2025, Checklist of Mammals of Syria, pp. 1-130 in Zootaxa 5580 (1) on page 58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5580.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14797597
The influences of lateral groups on 4-cyanobiphenyl-benzonitrile- based dimers
Creators: name: K, Srinatha M
name: Zeba, Ayesha
name: Ganjiwale, Anjali
name: Gowda, Ashwathanarayana
name: Hegde, Gurumurthy
name: Alaasar, Mohamed
name: Shanker, G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cyanobiphenyl-based compounds are known to display RT or low melting liquid crystals in a single-component system or composites. Herein, we discuss the influence of laterally substituted groups (-CN, -F, -H) on 4-[ω-(4-cyanobiphenyl-4’-yloxy)alk-1-yloxy]benzonitrile. Three series of new dimers were synthesised by using 4-cyano-4’-hydroxybiphenyl connected via flexible spacers with different number of carbon atoms to 4-hydroxyphthalonitrile/ 2-fluoro-4-hydroxy benzonitrile/ 4-hydroxy benzonitrile. Their self-assembly in LC phases assessed by polarising optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction studies, and their behaviours are compared with related non-substituted (-H) model compound. UV-Visible and fluorescent experiments confirm the strong aggregation, the intensities of emission decrease as we move from CN→F→H substitutions. A representative dimer from each series covering the aspect of polarity and flexibility have been simulated using 1000 minimisation steepest descent and CHARMM force filed to examine their self-assembly. This work helps to understand the influence of lateral groups, connecting spacers on the LC behaviour of dimers.
title: H.O.P.E. for Indigenous People Battling Intergenerational Trauma:  The Sweetgrass Method
Creators: name: Baez, Mark Standing Eagle
name: Isaac, Patricia
name: Baez, Carla Allison
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2020

description:
H.O.P.E. for Indigenous People Battling Intergenerational Trauma: The Sweetgrass Method
The Sweetgrass Method, when applied to practitioners/clinicians, embraces the three strands. The first strand in the braid (Introspection) focuses one’s mental state by grounding the self to the present moment with healthy/healing approaches, in addition to recognizing and reflecting on one's thoughts, emotions and actions. The second strand in the braid (Collaboration) weaves the importance as professionals in the area consultation (with other professionals or traditional practitioners) for support on services that are working for the client, as well as receiving feedback on services that may need to be tailor-made or improved. The third strand in the braid (Continuity) directs us as practitioners/clinicians on the prominence of continuum of care with Indigenous clients in the areas working from a cultural responsive lens. No matter how successful or how much experience we as practitioners/ clinicians may have, we will all benefit by learning from the partnership we share with our clients, their communities, and from our own capabilities.