cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ACADEMIC SELF-EFFICACY AMONG JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN GHANA: EVALUATING FACTOR STRUCTURE AND MEASUREMENT INVARIANCE ACROSS GENDER
Creators: name: Masa, R.D.
name: Ansong, D.
name: Eisensmith, S.R.
name: Chowa, G.A.
Publisher: name: Wiley-Liss Inc.
Year: 2016

description: Self-efficacy is a universal construct, but few validated measures exist for researchers in developing countries to use in assessing youths’ perceptions of their ability to achieve academic success. This study examined the cross-cultural suitability and psychometric properties of an academic self-efficacy scale (ASES) adapted for the Ghanaian context. ASES construct validity was assessed with a sample of 4,289 Ghanaian junior high-school students and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Invariance testing assessed the scale's measurement equivalence by gender and temporal stability of gender equivalence. The ASES is a valid, reliable one-dimensional scale for assessing young Ghanaians’ perceptions of their academic capabilities, and it works equally well across genders. As adapted, ASES is a valid scale with utility for researchers examining predictors and effects of academic self-efficacy. The ASES has important implications for decisions regarding investment in programs aimed at improving academic self-efficacy of youth, both in sub-Saharan Africa and the increasingly diverse American public schools.
The Roman road to stellar rotation: Rotation and spots with Roman's Time Domain Surveys
Creators: name: Claytor, Zach
name: Tayar, Jamie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: We have used machine learning to study stellar rotation in TESS despite the mission's complicated systematics. The upcoming Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will perform time-domain surveys at multiple wavelengths that stand to increase the number of period measurements and offer temperature resolution for star spot properties, shedding light on the connections between rotation and magnetism. However, the survey design is not yet decided, and certain choices may be critical to ensure sufficient cadence, baseline, and wavelength coverage for stellar rotation science. We are using the simulation and machine learning framework developed for TESS to predict the optimal Roman survey design for stellar rotation. I will discuss our framework and illustrate how existing machine learning tools can inform decisions for survey design. I will consider the stellar populations and periods Roman will be sensitive to and preview the transformational science Roman will enable.
The Role of Protein Fluctuation Correlations in Electron Transfer in Photosynthetic Complexes
Creators: name: Nesterov, Alexander I.
name: Berman, Gennady P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the dependence of the electron transfer in photosynthetic complexes on correlation properties of random fluctuations of the protein environment. The electron subsystem is modeled by a finite network of connected electron (exciton) sites. The fluctuations of the protein environment are modeled by random telegraph processes, which act either collectively (correlated) or independently (uncorrelated) on the electron sites. We derived an exact closed system of first-order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, for the average density matrix elements and for their first moments. Under some conditions, we obtain analytic expressions for the electron transfer rates. We compare the correlated and uncorrelated regimes, and demonstrated numerically that the uncorrelated fluctuations of the protein environment can, under some conditions, either increase or decrease the electron transfer rates.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
title: Incentivising owner occupiers and residential landlords to undertake retrofit in the UK
Creators: name: Handford, Tom
Publisher: name: University of Southampton
Year: 2022
Subjects: retrofit, incentive, landlord, homeowner, Net-zero

description: In 2022, owner occupiers and private landlords are insufficiently attracted to the retrofit proposition. These sectors represent approximately 82% of the UK housing stock and contribute an estimated 25% of the UK's total carbon footprint. Through secondary research, the advantages and disadvantages associated with retrofit are reviewed in detail alongside a range of important factors, including policy and industry guidance.
Through literature research, 17 financial models that could be used to incentivise retrofit are defined. These models can be allocated into the following four categories: government financing, borrowing, taxation, and 'All- in Rental Agreements'.
In response to a defined list of advantages, disadvantages, case-specific variables and financial models, quantitative data is gathered from 115 owner occupiers and private landlords. As well as providing a clear 'hierarchy of preference' within these two sectors, the results provide valuable insight into 'knowledge and opportunity' and 'affordability and financial motivation'.
Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Commitment-to-School Scale Using a Sample of Junior High School Youth in Ghana
Creators: name: Chowa, G.A.
name: Ansong, D.
name: Masa, R.D.
Publisher: name: Routledge
Year: 2016

description: Empirical evidence from developed countries suggests that students' commitment to school is fundamental to their academic success. However, in developing countries, validated measures of student commitment to school do not exist. The current study helps fill this research gap by examining the validity and reliability of a commitment-to-school scale (CSS) adapted for the Ghanaian context. With a sample of 6,252 middle school–age students, the study employs exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses with weighted least squares means and variance adjusted (WLSMV) to establish and validate the construct as bidimensional. Measurement invariance tests confirm that the two-factor commitment model is generalizable across grade levels but not genders. Given its parsimony and good fit, the adapted CSS might be useful for future research in Ghana. Similarity of the model across grade levels suggests that the scale has potential uses in education research among diverse groups. We suggest that the CSS be developed further for better understanding of students' commitment to school.
Supplementary Materials on the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Human Rights
Creators: name: Ogundokun, Roseline Oluwaseun
name: Adelodun, Abdulwasiu Bolakale
name: Yekini, Akeem Olatunji
name: Akinyemi Omololu Akinrotimi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The document is on supplementary materials on the results obtained on analyzing and investigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the policies made by the government on human rights.
Development and Validation of a New Self-Report Measure of Maladaptive Overcontrol: Item Development
Creators: name: Lambert, Aleksandra
name: Winder, Belinda
name: Norman, Christine
name: Hamilton, Laura
name: Pires, Pedro
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Urban Studies and Planning
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: deductive
subject: focus group
subject: inductive
subject: instrument
subject: item development
subject: measure
subject: overcontrol
subject: personality
subject: psychometrics

description: This study is being conducted as the first stage in the process of developing and validating a new self-report measure of maladaptive overcontrol. The aim of the study is to develop an initial item pool for the new measure.
Top-down Holographic Glueball Decay Rates
Creators: name: Brünner, F.
name: Parganlija, D.
name: Rebhan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new results on the decay patterns of scalar and tensor glueballs in the top-down holographic Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto model. This model, which has only one free dimensionless parameter, gives semi-quantitative predictions for the vector meson spectrum, their decay widths, and also a gluon condensate in agreement with SVZ sum rules. The holographic predictions for scalar glueball decay rates are compared with experimental data for the widely discussed gluon candidates f0(1500) and f0(1710).
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables; to appear in the Proceedings of the XIth Conference Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum, St. Petersburg, September 8-12, 2014
Educational progression in Ghana: Gender and spatial variations in longitudinal trajectories of Junior High School Completion rate.
Creators: name: Ansong, David
name: Alhassan, Mustapha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Completion of junior high school is a critical milestone in every Ghanaian child's educational trajectory and a critical step toward the transition to higher education. However, the rate of children completing junior high school still lags behind most educational indicators in Ghana. Far more attention is paid to ensuring that students enroll in school, with very little investment or commitment paid toward ensuring that they graduate or complete junior high school. Part of the problem is that there is little to no research on the challenges that children, especially girls, face in completing school. This study aims to bring school completion trends and related challenges to the forefront of research and policy discourse. Thus, the study uses multilevel growth curve modeling, spatial hot spot analysis, and school completion data (from 2009 through 2013) to offer longitudinal insights into (a) the scale and trajectories of junior high school completion in Ghana, and (b) the gender and spatial nuances in the trends. Findings suggest that the completion rate is steadily improving but still low. Findings also reveal unequivocal gender and spatial disparities in the completion rate and the rate's trajectories, although the spatial inequalities between northern and southern Ghana are more severe compared to the gender inequalities. Suggestions for how Ghana's government and its development partners can bridge the gender and spatial gaps are discussed.
Measuring the duration of Kangaroo Mother Care received by low birthweight infants: A scoping review
Creators: name: Tumukunde, Victor
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pediatrics
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties

description: A scoping review of published papers to describe the methods used to measure the duration of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) and their reliability. The search for relevant studies will be conducted with assistance of a library clinical research specialist. Selection of relevant papers, screening and data charting will be conducted by two independent reviewers to minimise selection bias. We will search the following databases: Medline, Embase, Cochrane library, PsycINFO, African Index Medicus (AIM) and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS). Trials registries were searched for relevant papers and these were included; clinicaltrials.gov, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO ICTRP) and the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) Registry. We will also search medrxiv and OpenGrey libraries for relevant unpublished studies. Eligibility Criteria Original research publications, conference abstracts, trial protocols, guidelines, position statements and grey literature with no restrictions to language or timeframe of publication were included. Below is the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Included publications; 1. Referring to KMC duration or KMC monitoring/measuring/adherence in the methods or results 2. Related to babies born preterm OR with low birthweight infants (<2500g) 3. With primary data on KMC duration Excluded publications; 1. Related to full term and/or normal birthweight (≥2500g) 2. Short procedural skin-to-skin intervention, such as pain control, and postnatal care with no KMC package as part of outcomes 3. That are systematic reviews or scoping reviews (reference lists of review articles were manually searched for relevant publications)
Numerical Stability of Explicit Off-lattice Boltzmann Schemes: A comparative study
Creators: name: Rao, Parthib R.
name: Schaefer, Laura A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The off-lattice Boltzmann (OLB) method consists of numerical schemes which are used to solve the discrete Boltzmann equation. Unlike the commonly used lattice Boltzmann method, the spatial and time steps are uncoupled in the OLB method. In the currently proposed schemes, which can be broadly classified into Runge-Kutta-based and characteristics-based, the size of the time-step is limited due to numerical stability constraints. In this work, we systematically compare the numerical stability of the proposed schemes in terms of the maximum stable time-step. In line with the overall LB method, we investigate the available schemes where the advection approximation is explicit, and the collision approximation is either explicit or implicit. The comparison is done by implementing these schemes on benchmark incompressible flow problems such as Taylor vortex flow, Poiseuille flow and, lid-driven cavity flow. It is found that the characteristics-based OLB schemes are numerically more stable than the Runge-Kutta-based schemes. Additionally, we have observed that, with respect to time-step size, the scheme proposed by Bardow et al. [1] is the most numerically stable and computationally efficient scheme compared to similar schemes, for the flow problems tested here.
description: 18 pages
Observational constraints on the progenitors of core-collapse supernovae : the case for missing high mass stars
Creators: name: Smartt, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the last 15 years, the supernova community has endeavoured to identify progenitor stars of core-collapse supernovae in high resolution archival images of their galaxies.This review compiles results (from 1999 - 2013) in a distance limited sample and discusses the implications. The vast majority of the detections of progenitor stars are of type II-P, II-L or IIb with one type Ib progenitor system detected and many more upper limits for progenitors of Ibc supernovae (14). The data for these 45 supernovae progenitors illustrate a remarkable deficit of high luminosity stars above an apparent limit of Log L ~= 5.1 dex. For a typical Salpeter IMF, one would expect to have found 13 high luminosity and high mass progenitors. There is, possibly, only one object in this time and volume limited sample that is unambiguously high mass (the progenitor of SN2009ip). The possible biases due to the influence of circumstellar dust and sample selection methods are reviewed. It does not appear likely that these can explain the missing high mass progenitor stars. This review concludes that the observed populations of supernovae in the local Universe are not, on the whole, produced by high mass (M > ~18Msun) stars. Theoretical explosions of model stars also predict that black hole formation and failed supernovae tend to occur above M > ~18Msun. The models also suggest there are islands of explodability for stars in the 8-120Msun range. The observational constraints are quite consistent with the bulk of stars above M > ~18Msun collapsing to form black holes with no visible supernovae. (Abridged).
description: Invited review article for Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia, to be published in a special PASA collection on "SN1987A and Supernovae in the Local Universe". This is the accepted version, after referee review. Additional minor corrections to match proofs. (25 pages)
title: Between Stone and Screen: The Rise of Printmaking in Post-War Britain with a New Emphasis on Robert Erskine and St. George's Gallery Prints (1955-1963)
Creators: name: Naish, Natalia
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: This thesis documents the rise of printmaking in post-war Britain that culminated in the print boom of the 1960s, focusing on the activities of the print dealer Robert Erskine and his gallery St. George's Gallery Prints in London. Chapter 1 outlines the British print scene in the decades prior to the founding of St. George's Gallery Prints in 1955, acknowledging the overlap between the two periods while drawing attention to a shift in attitudes that enabled printmaking to flourish. Chapter 2 describes Erskine's background, the set-up of St. George's Gallery Prints and the campaign he waged to prove that prints were original works of art rather than reproductions. Chapter 3, in addition to recounting three early exhibitions and the creation of the gallery's brand identity, is about the challenges Erskine faced in establishing a professional print publishing industry in Britain that could compete internationally. Chapter 4 analyses Erskine's core artists -Merlyn Evans, Ceri Richards, Anthony Gross, Edwin La Dell, Michael Rothenstein and Julian Trevelyan - as a group who served as allies in his printmaking movement. This is confirmed in Chapter 5 where I demonstrate that these same artists helped transform the printmaking departments of key London art colleges. Chapters 6 and 7 return to Erskine's exhibition programme, with the former analysing his curatorial choices within the context of post-war art and culture. The latter is an in-depth study of The Graven Image exhibitions, which I argue, marked the beginning of a new era in printmaking and helped launched the printmaking career of David Hockney. Chapter 8 shows how Erskine engaged with the limited sources of public patronage available to printmakers while simultaneously developing a new model of corporate patronage. In order to analyse Erskine's role in the rise of printmaking during this period, the thesis adopts a methodological approach that features both archival research and material gathered from the author's original interviews with some of Erskine's circle. Key themes and insights emerge through analysis of this material, including the role that cross-cultural exchange between English and international printmakers played in the evolution of the global print boom of the 1960s. While the 1960s are often written about in terms of rupture, I will argue for continuity or at least evolution by proving that the seeds of the print boom were planted in the proceeding decade. The tension between the print as an agent of mass dissemination and as an original work of art is highlighted throughout the dissertation. This tension did not dissipate until the mid-to-late 1960s when the print was celebrated rather than denigrated for its mechanical and commercial aspects and the emphasis on originality diminished.
Consumer Preferences
Creators: name: Moniyka Sachar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We built data analysis software to 1) extract categorizable data under all product descriptors (ingredients, vehicle, price per ounce and marketing claims) for 149 products and 2) classify product sentiments from the text of 267,000 product reviews for these 149 products and 3) match product descriptors to consumer sentiments. Under 1), ingredients were further classified as either “active ingredients,” meaning that there was an active ingredient (i.e. benzoyl peroxide) present and “natural ingredients,” meaning there were no listed active ingredients but the listed ingredients were associated with efficacy in acne treatment in peer-reviewed literature (i.e. sodium bentonite clay). The categories of marketing claims include: “dermatologist recommended”, “dermatologist tested”, “FDA-approved”, “prescription strength”, “new technology”, “natural and/or organic”, “no parabens”, “pH balanced”, “fragrance free.” Under 2), we built a text analysis algorithm including both an aspect classifier (identifying which product aspects (product effectiveness, general effect on skin appearance, side effects, application ease, scent) consumers reported on) and a sentiment classifier (for each of the aforementioned aspects, classifying consumer sentiments as either positive or negative). The algorithm was trained via machine learning to extract the aspects and sentiments from each review in our cohort, which were then 3) matched to the product descriptors to study the relationship between product descriptors (i.e. ingredient of benzoyl peroxide) and consumer-reported effects (i.e. side effect of dryness). An inter-rater reliability test was done to compare the reliability of text analysis between a human rater and the software (p<0.001).
title: A case of non-resolving pneumonia
Creators: name: Bell, Thomas Anthony
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chest imaging
subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: Endoscopy
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: An 85 year old lady presented with generalised abdominal pain, confusion and a productive cough. Following a chest X-ray and blood tests she was treated for community acquired pneumonia. Despite treatment with 6 days of IV Tazocin, there was no significant clinical improvement.

description: 85 years, female
Son-Yamamoto relation and Holographic RG flows
Creators: name: Dubinkin, O.
name: Gorsky, A.
name: Milekhin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the Son-Yamamoto (SY) relation which connects the three point and two-point correlators we consider the holographic RG flows in the bottom-up approach to holographic QCD via the Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) equation with respect to the radial coordinate . It is shown that the SY relation is diagonal with respect to the RG flow in the 5d YM-CS model while the RG equation acquires the inhomogeneous term in the model with the additional scalar field which encodes the chiral condensate.
description: 12 pages, no figures
Determinants of saving among low-income individuals in rural Uganda: Evidence from AssetsAfrica.
Creators: name: Ansong, David
name: Chowa, Gina A.N.
name: Masa, Rainier D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Although research has shown that poor people in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), including those living in rural areas save, little is known about the factors that influence saving and asset accumulation among this population. Using three theoretical perspectives on saving and asset accumulation, this study examines the broader determinants of saving and asset accumulation among low-income individuals in rural Uganda. Compared with the individual-oriented and sociological perspectives, institutional theory explains a large part of the variance in saving outcome among rural, low-income households. Wealth, proximity to financial institutions, financial education, and financial incentives are positively associated with higher saving performance. Findings suggest that poor people can and do save, particularly when institutional barriers to saving are removed. Institutional structures, which encourage low-income individuals to save, may contribute to a poverty reduction policy that shifts from just income supplementation to a more inclusive wealth promotion policy that assists people in creating their own pathways out of poverty.
Investigating the tax challenges of introducing VAT in Saudi Arabia: the case of social media influencers and word-of-mouth e-Marketing
Creators: name: Kaabi, Ashwaq
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4704
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Since the 2017 announcement of its introduction to Saudi Arabia, there has been considerable speculation as to how the value-added tax system will be implemented in the country. This has given rise to a wave of insecurity and uncertainty in terms of who will be most impacted by the new taxation system. It has therefore become essential to study the subject.Social media is widely perceived as an effective platform for marketing through electronic networks in Saudi Arabia. As such, one of the major objectives of this study is to identify and explore the level of tax challenges presented by applying VAT via e-marketing on social media. The study also investigates the potential role the application of VAT may play in consumer economic behaviour in Saudi Arabia. The mixed methods research approach was chosen to gather the quantitative and qualitative data. The numerical data of the quantitative research approach was conducted through questionnaires with consumers (online) and Chartered Accountants (online). This was supplemented with qualitative descriptive data derived a number of semi-structured interviews with shop owners and social media celebrities Some interviews were conducted with shop owners and social media celebrities via electronic media due to Covid restrictions. The results show a much stronger trend in responses towards e-marketing on social media on the part of shop owners and social media celebrities. This insight into the behaviour of consumers in response to social media advertising demonstrates that a large majority of the population sample strongly agree that e-marketing through social media language makes purchasing decisions much easier.Finally, it confirms a number of significant differences in the type of tax challenges faced when applying VAT via e-marketing in Saudi Arabia, particularly from the point of view of Chartered Accountants.
Student Perceptions of Racial Microaggressions
Creators: name: Wainwright, Anna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: In order to begin to comprehend the extent of racism and inequality today, scholars must analyze the various aspects of racism that exist in contemporary society. Not simply institutional forces, but also individual level practices and acts at the micro-level that perpetuate racist structures. Racial microaggressions (RM) are part of these micro-level forces. Racial microaggressions can be defined as daily interactions that target a particular racial or ethnic group and communicate hostile or negative insults to a targeted group (Pierce 1969). In order to better understand the phenomenon of RM, I conducted a survey on undergraduate students at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Looking particularly at RM against black students from a white aggressor, I analyze various perceptions of RM scenarios from a number of key demographics. This study replicates the work of Tao and colleagues (2017) and expands the scope of their study. I find that negative emotional reactions and critiques of cultural competency become more likely when individuals are presented with RM scenarios while positive emotional reactions and feelings of neutrality become less common. I found inconsistent results when looking at how demographics affect this relationship. Variables such as sexual orientation and political ideology produced more significant results compared to that of race, gender, high school minority enrollment and year in school.
Charmed baryon spectroscopy and light flavour symmetry from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Bali, Gunnar
name: Collins, Sara
name: Pérez-Rubio, Paula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the ground state and first excited state masses of singly and doubly charmed spin 1/2 and 3/2 baryons with positive and negative parity. Configurations with $N_f=2+1$ non-perturbatively improved Wilson-clover fermions were employed, with the same quark action also being used for the valence quarks, including the charm. The spectrum is calculated for pion masses in the range $M_π\sim 259-460$ MeV at a lattice spacing $a\sim 0.075$ fm. Finite volume effects are studied comparing lattices with two different linear spatial extents ($1.8\,{\rm fm}$ and $2.4\,{\rm fm}$). The physical point is approached from the SU(3) limit keeping the flavour averaged light quark mass fixed. The baryon masses are extrapolated using expansions in the strange-light quark mass difference. Most particles fall into the expected SU(3) multiplets with well constrained extrapolations, the exceptions having a possibly more complex internal structure. Overall agreement is found with experiment for the masses and splittings of the singly charmed baryons. As part of the calculation an analysis of the lower lying charmonium, $D$ and $D_s$ spectra was performed in order to assess discretisation errors. The gross spectra are reproduced, including the $D^*_{s0}$, $D_{s1}$ and $D_1$ mesons, while at this single lattice spacing hyperfine splittings come out $10-20$ MeV too low.
description: 35 pages, 14 tables, 20 figures. Published version, added figures, small changes to text
Interactive effects of maternal postnatal depression and breastfeeding status on multi-informant reports of child irritability at age 7
Creators: name: Braithwaite, Elizabeth
name: Sharp, Helen
name: Hill, Jonathan
name: Pickles, Andrew
name: Wright, Nicola
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Life Sciences
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Mental Disorders
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Depression
subject: Development
subject: developmental psychopathology
subject: Emotional Difficulties
subject: Maternal mental health
subject: Sex differences

description: Using data from the WCHADS cohort, we plan to examine whether associations between maternal postnatal depression and child irritability at age 7 are moderated by breastfeeding and differ by child sex.
The Journey to Midwifery: North Carolina Nurse-Midwives of Color Share their Experience of Midwifery Education
Creators: name: Hutchings, Genevieve
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Maternal and infant mortality rates have progressively worsened in the United States, disproportionately affecting women of color. While many nations with significantly better maternity care outcomes have systems in which midwives attend most births, in the U.S., less than ten percent of births are attended by midwives and most midwives self-identify as White. Research shows that midwives have better birth outcomes and greater racial diversity amongst providers leads to better patient outcomes. The purpose of this study is to learn about the midwifery school experiences of midwives of color to help inform the development of an educational mobility program for nursing students of color who plan to pursue a career in midwifery. The study consisted of two parts: a mixed-methods survey and an optional follow-up interview. Nine nurse-midwives participated in the survey and four participated in an interview. The survey consisted of 17 questions and the interviews ranged in length from 23 to 30 minutes. Major findings included the importance of cost, location, and familial considerations in choosing a midwifery program. Respondents described barriers such as difficulty finding preceptors and clinical sites as well as a lack of racial diversity in their midwifery program. To increase racial diversity in the midwifery workforce, many midwives believed there should be greater publicity of midwifery in all types of schools. Finally, respondents noted that a successful educational mobility program should include linkages with several nursing programs across the state, leadership that includes persons of color, and institutional resources to support student midwives of color.
Investigation of the Progenitors of the Type Ia Supernovae Associated With the LMC Supernova Remnants 0505-67.9 and 0509-68.7
Creators: name: Pagnotta, Ashley
name: Schaefer, Bradley E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although Type Ia supernovae have been heavily scrutinized due to their use in making cosmological distance estimates, we are still unable to definitively identify the progenitors for the entire population. While answers have been presented for certain specific systems, a complete solution remains elusive. We present observations of two supernova remnants (SNRs) in the Large Magellanic Cloud, SNR 0505-67.9 and SNR 0509-68.7, for which we have identified the center of the remnant and the 99.73% containment central region in which any companion star left over after the supernova must be located. Both remnants have a number of potential ex-companion stars near their centers; all possible single and double degenerate progenitor models remain viable for these two supernovae. Future observations may be able to identify the true ex-companions for both remnants.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables, ApJ In Press; Table 2 truncated, full version available in published paper or directly from authors
FoamPi: An open-source Raspberry Pi based apparatus for monitoring polyurethane foam reactions.
Creators: name: Wright, Harry
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemistry
subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Materials Chemistry
subject: Polymer Science
subject: Polymer Chemistry
subject: Engineering
subject: Chemical Engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Adiabatic temperature rise (ATR) is an important method for determining isocyanate conversion in polyurethane foam reactions as well as many other exothermic chemical reactions. ATR can be used in conjunction with change in height and mass measurements to gain understanding into the blowing and gelling reactions that occur during polyurethane foaming as well as give important information on cell morphology. FoamPi is an open-source Raspberry Pi device for monitoring polyurethane foaming reactions. The device effectively monitors temperature rise, change in foam height as well as changes in the mass during the reaction. Three Python scripts are also presented. The first logs raw data during the reaction. The second corrects temperature data such that it can be used in ATR reactions for calculating isocyanate conversion; additionally this script reduces noise in all the data and removes erroneous readings. The final script extracts important information from the corrected data such as maximum temperature change and maximum height change as well as the time to reach these points. Commercial examples of such equipment exist however the price (£10000) of these equipment make these systems inaccessible for many research laboratories. The FoamPi build presented is inexpensive (£350).
Psychological and Social Effects of Sexual Violence: Review of Qualitative Literature
Creators: name: Gabrielle Grant
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Experiencing sexual violence can result in serious psychosocial conditions, such as depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress symptoms. To date, no psychometrically-sound assessment tool of survivors’ experiences and psychosocial sequelae has been located. The aims of this review were to identify research that included qualitative methods that focused on the influences of sexual violence on psychosocial outcomes and to review how these influences impacted recovery.
Electronic databases, PubMed, PsycInfo, and CINAHL, were searched with key terms related to sexual violence research, e.g., sexual assault, qualitative methods, and survivors. Data extracted for the subsequent review included study purpose, sample, methodology, main findings, and outcome measurements utilized. 
A total of 767 potentially-relevant studies were identified, with 14 studies being included in the final (full-text) review. Two broad themes were identified from the findings in these studies: psychological effects and social effects. Psychological effects were subdivided into six subthemes: posttraumatic stress symptoms, depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, coping, anxiety symptoms, and internalization. Five subthemes emerged from social effects: social isolation, fear of others’ perceptions, impacts of personal connections, impacts of disclosure, and experiences of betrayal. Of the 14 outcome measurements utilized across studies, the Sexual Experiences Survey was used most frequently (n = 4). 
Despite the thematic umbrella developed in this review, there remains a paucity of qualitative research in the sexual violence literature. Further exploration of the lived experiences of survivors is needed to obtain greater understanding of the negative outcomes following sexual violence. Until this is done, there is an insufficient basis upon which to develop a relevant and psychometrically-sound measure of the psychosocial outcomes of sexual violence survivors.
The non-convex shape of (234) Barbara, the first Barbarian
Creators: name: Tanga, P.
name: Carry, B.
name: Colas, F.
name: Delbo, M.
name: Matter, A.
name: Hanus, J.
name: Lagoa, V. Ali
name: Andrei, A. H.
name: Assafin, M.
name: Audejean, M.
name: Behrend, R.
name: Camargo, J. I. B.
name: Carbognani, A.
name: Reyes, M. Cedres
name: Conjat, M.
name: Cornero, N.
name: Coward, D.
name: Crippa, R.
name: Fantin, E. de Ferra
name: Devogele, M.
name: Dubos, G.
name: Frappa, E.
name: Gillon, M.
name: Hamanowa, H.
name: Jehin, E.
name: Klotz, A.
name: Kryszczynska, A.
name: Lecacheux, J.
name: Leroy, A.
name: Manfroid, J.
name: Manzini, F.
name: Maquet, L.
name: Morelle, E.
name: Mottola, S.
name: Polinska, M.
name: Roy, R.
name: Todd, M.
name: Vachier, F.
name: Hernandez, C. Vera
name: Wiggins, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asteroid (234) Barbara is the prototype of a category of asteroids that has been shown to be extremely rich in refractory inclusions, the oldest material ever found in the Solar System. It exhibits several peculiar features, most notably its polarimetric behavior. In recent years other objects sharing the same property (collectively known as "Barbarians") have been discovered. Interferometric observations in the mid-infrared with the ESO VLTI suggested that (234) Barbara might have a bi-lobated shape or even a large companion satellite. We use a large set of 57 optical lightcurves acquired between 1979 and 2014, together with the timings of two stellar occultations in 2009, to determine the rotation period, spin-vector coordinates, and 3-D shape of (234) Barbara, using two different shape reconstruction algorithms. By using the lightcurves combined to the results obtained from stellar occultations, we are able to show that the shape of (234) Barbara exhibits large concave areas. Possible links of the shape to the polarimetric properties and the object evolution are discussed. We also show that VLTI data can be modeled without the presence of a satellite.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
लिखित भाषा का उद्भव एवं विकास
Creators: name: DR.LAKSHMI.V
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: अधिकतम अनुसंधान मौखिक भाषाओं के उद्भव एवं विकास पर किए गए हैं । लेकिन लिखित भाषा का उद्भव भी किसी क्रमानुसार परंपरा से ही जन्मा होगा, इसमें संदेह नहीं । लिखित भाषा का रूप पहले-पहल वाणिज्य के माध्यम से शुरू हुआ । किसी व्यापारी ने पहले-पहल अपने सामानों के आयात-निर्यात में हुई परेशानी को कम करने के विक्रय किए गए सामानों का चित्र बनाकर भेजते थे । यही चित्रHieroglyphsका आधारभूत रूप माना जाता है । आगे चलकर यही चित्ररूप लिखित भाषा का आधार बना। कुछ सालों पहले तक विद्वानों का यह विचार था कि लिखित भाषा की शुरूआत दक्षिणी मेसोपोटामिया के प्रांतों में हुई । लेकिन अब सबूतों के तौर पर यह कहा जा सकता है कि लिखित भाषा की शुरूआत मिस्र से लेकर सिंधु नदी के प्रांतों तक फैली हुई थी । यह भाषा STIMULUS DIFFUSION.(एक व्यक्ति दूसरे व्यक्ति के संस्कार को नए तरीके से अपनाना) के माध्यम से एक प्रांत से दूसरे प्रांत तक फैला होगा । लिखित भाषा को जादू जैसे समझा जाता था । साधारण बोलचाल के अवसरों के लिए लिखित भाषा का प्रयोग नहीं होता था । Pictographic System से लिखित भाषा में बहुत सारे शब्दकोशों का निर्माण हुआ। जैसे किसी ने परिचित वस्तु को देखा और उस वस्तु का नाम बोल दिया और उसे चित्रों के सहारे मिट्टी के फलक पर उतार दिया । इस तरह की व्यवस्था को चित्रात्मक प्रणाली कहा जाता है । 1520 तक सुमेरियन में लिखित भाषा का विकास हुआ । 1420 तक इसी सुमेरियन लिखित भाषा का प्रयोग कई प्रदेशों में विकसित हुआ जिसका प्रयोग अंतर्राष्ट्रीय व्यापार के क्षेत्र में भी किया गया । यहां तक कि मिस्र के लोगों ने भी इस सुमेरियन भाषा को अपनाया । 50 ई०पू० तक Diplomatic Communication में Cuneiform Script (कीलाकारलिपि) का इस्तेमाल हुआ । इसके बाद a, e, i, o, u का अविष्कार ग्रीक से विकसित C को अलग Sorry दिया जहां‘K’Sound का प्रयोग होता है । W, U, Jका अविष्कार लैटिन लिखित प्रणाली कोसबसे बेहतर माना गया । 1905-1909 के दौरान लैटिन वर्णमाला में परिवर्तन किया गया । Asian Language कैसे एशियाई भाषा का विकास हुआ ?
The Leadership Role of the Nurse in Providing Care for Women and Neonates Experiencing the Adverse Effects of Opioid Use Disorder: A Scoping Review of the Literature
Creators: name: Brittany L. Tart
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is an epidemic in the United States. In 2019, more than 50,000 Americans died from an opioid-related drug overdose. Women are more likely than men to develop OUD. For pregnant women, OUD is also on the rise. Between 1999-2014, the number of births impacted by OUD has more than quadrupled. Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) has increased alongside OUD. Nurse-led models of care can result in improved outcomes for both mothers and babies affected by OUD. Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) is one therapy that is showing promise with 142% increase in patients receiving MAT from 2016-2018. This review summarizes relevant literature addressing the leadership role of nurses in the management of mothers and babies experiencing OUD and its adverse effects. A search of the literature was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, and related articles. The common themes present in the articles include: utilization of screening tools and assessments at prenatal care visits, the importance of educating both patients and providers, addressing common potential barriers to care, and the benefits associated with interprofessional collaboration. More research is needed, however, to fully examine how the nurse impacts patient care for this specific population. the role of the nurse and the impact they have on caring for this particular population. In addition, nurses in perinatal and NICU settings should educate themselves about perinatal opioid use, methods for management, and the role they can play in supporting patients as the opioid crisis continues.
Holographic entropy of Warped-AdS$_3$ black holes
Creators: name: Donnay, Laura
name: Giribet, Gaston
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the asymptotic symmetries of three-dimensional Warped Anti-de Sitter (WAdS) spaces in three-dimensional New Massive Gravity (NMG). For a specific choice of asymptotic boundary conditions, we find that the algebra of charges is infinite-dimensional and coincides with the semidirect sum of Virasoro algebra with non-vanishing central charge and an affine $\hat{u}(1)_k$ Kač-Moody algebra. We show that the WAdS black hole configurations organize in terms of two commuting Virasoro algebras. We identify the Virasoro generators that expand the associated representations in the dual Warped Conformal Field Theory (WCFT) and, by applying the Warped version of the Cardy formula, we prove that the microscopic WCFT computation exactly reproduces the entropy of black holes in WAdS space.
description: 13 pages. v2 minor typos corrected
Overcoming order reduction in diffusion-reaction splitting. Part 1: Dirichlet boundary conditions
Creators: name: Einkemmer, Lukas
name: Ostermann, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65M20, 65M12, 65L04

description: For diffusion-reaction equations employing a splitting procedure is attractive as it reduces the computational demand and facilitates a parallel implementation. Moreover, it opens up the possibility to construct second-order integrators that preserve positivity. However, for boundary conditions that are neither periodic nor of homogeneous Dirichlet type order reduction limits its usefulness. In the situation described the Strang splitting procedure is not more accurate than Lie splitting. In this paper, we propose a splitting procedure that, while retaining all the favorable properties of the original method, does not suffer from order reduction. We demonstrate our results by conducting numerical simulations in one and two space dimensions with inhomogeneous and time dependent Dirichlet boundary conditions. In addition, a mathematical rigorous convergence analysis is conducted that confirms the results observed in the numerical simulations.
Nurse-Led Mechanical Ventilation Weaning and Spontaneous Breathing Trial Protocols: A Literature Review
Creators: name: Shirley Lu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Mechanical ventilation (MV) delivers life-sustaining ventilation to assist or replace spontaneous breathing in patients undergoing surgery and in patients experiencing respiratory emergencies. Extended use of MV increases the patient’s risk of ventilator-associated complications so early MV weaning is strongly recommended. Spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs) are conducted to assess the likelihood of successful extubation. Weaning protocols and SBTs are typically initiated by physicians and exclude the nurse. Nevertheless, nurses are uniquely equipped to meet the needs of patients throughout the weaning process and may play a pivotal role through nurse-led MV weaning and SBT protocols. 
	The aim of this literature review is to investigate the efficacy and safety of nurse-led MV weaning and SBT protocols in order to inform future practice. This literary review was conducted using CINAHL, PubMed, and OVID databases with key MeSH terms. All studies were published between 2011 and 2021 with the exception of a seminal 1997 article to establish a historical background. The literary synthesis revealed four primary themes: (a) nurse-led MV weaning and SBT protocols can provide more rapid extubation than physician-led protocols, (b) nurse-led MV weaning and SBTs protocols are safe, (c) nurses improve patient outcomes by providing patient-centered, holistic care during the weaning process, (d) nurse-led MV weaning and SBT protocols are enhanced by interprofessional communication. The implementation of nurse-led MV weaning and SBT protocols can help decrease extubation times and ultimately decrease the incidence of the ventilator-associated complications. Future research is needed to examine nursing attitudes and nurse readiness to participate in nurse-led mechanical ventilation weaning and SBT protocols.