Drosophila ayauma Peñafiel-Vinueza & Rafael 2019, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Peñafiel-Vinueza, Ana Danitza
name: Rafael, Violeta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Drosophilidae
Drosophila
Drosophila ayauma

description: Drosophila ayauma sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5CEBC281-6F5E-41B8-B837-03ABF2237494
Fig. 7
Diagnosis
Body color yellowish brown. Aristae with four dorsal and two ventral branches. Two prominent oral bristles plus terminal fork. Thorax yellowish brown. Abdomen yellow with dorsal midline, 2 nd to 5 th tergites with triangular pigmentation that thins laterally. Cerci not fused to epandrium. Aedeagus wide, with two dorsal sclerotized projections ending in a point, ventrally with two sclerotized rounded sheets. Hypandrium shield-shaped. Gonopod bearing one long bristle. Paraphyses microtrichose, fused to gonopod, bearing one small bristle.
Etymology
The name ‘ ayauma ’ comes from Kichwa ‘ aya ’ = ‘spirit’ and ‘ uma ’ = ‘head’, meaning ‘spirit from the head’. The apex of the aedeagus resembles two demon horns.
Material examined
Holotype
ECUADOR • ♂ (dissected, terminalia in microvial); Loja Prov., Cajanuma, 2800 m a.s.l.; 04°06′58.9″ S, 79°10′11.9″ W; 19 Nov. 2015; A. Peñafiel leg.; A. Peñafiel and V. Rafael det.; QCAZ-I 3336.
Paratypes
ECUADOR • 6 ♂♂ (dissected, terminalia in microvial); same data as for holotype; QCAZ-I 3337 to 3342 • 1 ♂ (dissected, terminalia in microvial); Napo Prov., Río Guango, 2548 m a.s.l.; 00°32′44.0″ S, 77°57′13.4″ W; 19 Sep. 2015; A.B. Manzano leg.; A. Peñafiel and V. Rafael det.; QCAZ-I 3343.
Description
Male Holotype external morphology: total length (body + wings) 7.43 mm, body length 4.22 mm. Body color yellowish brown.
HEAD. Aristae with 4 dorsal and 2 ventral branches plus terminal fork and fine hairs. Orbital plate yellowish brown, frontal length 0.37 mm; frontal index = 1.02; top to bottom width ratio = 1.51. Medial vertical seta closer to lateral vertical seta and slightly towards outer edge of orbital plate; vt index = 0.86; or1–or3 ratio = 0.74; or2–or1 ratio = 0.43. Ocellar triangle brown, ocellus yellow, frontal vitta yellowish brown. Cheek index = 5.9. Two prominent oral bristles of same size, vibrissa index = 0.78. Carina yellowish brown, not sulcate. Eyes bright red, eye index = 1.66.
THORAX. Yellowish brown, acrostichal hairs in 8 rows between two anterior dorsocentral setae that decrease in number towards rear. h index = 1.27; dc index = 0.83. Scut index = 1.09. Medial katepisternal seta same size as previous seta, sterno index = 1.47. Legs yellow.
WINGS. Brown. Alar length 3.55 mm, alar width 1.51 mm. Alar indices: alar = 2.26; C = 4.98; ac = 1.78; hb = 0.20; 4c = 0.43; 4v = 1.20; 5x = 1.15; M = 0.32 and prox. x = 0.34.
ABDOMEN. Yellow with dorsal midline, 1 st tergite brown and 2 nd to 5 th tergites with triangular pigmentation that thins laterally (Fig. 7A).
MALE TERMINALIA. Epandrium dorsally microtrichose, with no upper or lower bristles, ventral lobe fused to surstylus by a membrane bearing one long bristle. Cerci not fused to epandrium, ventral side not microtrichose and with several long bristles towards middle. Surstylus with 9 primary teeth on each side, 15 marginal bristles on right and 14 on left (Fig. 7B). Hypandrium sclerotized, shield-shaped (Fig. 7C).
AEDEAGUS. Wide, with two dorsal sclerotized projections ending in a point, ventrally with two sclerotized rounded sheets, middle part of aedeagus membranous, covered in bright studs. Ventral rod primitive. Aedeagus apodeme slightly sclerotized and straight. Gonopod microtrichose, bearing one long bristle (Fig. 7D–F). Paraphyses microtrichose, fused to gonopod, bearing one small bristle (Fig. 7C).
Variation in paratypes (dry mounted specimens)
Abdomen: other specimens show triangular pigmentation that thins laterally and then reaches and covers exterior margin of each tergite. Head: frontal length 0.22–0.42 mm, frontal index = 0.53–0.84, top to bottom width ratio = 1.2–1.66; cheek index = 5–7.57; vibrissa index = 0.45–0.78; eye index = 1.15–1.64.
Distribution
Known from the type locality and from the montane forest of Río Guango at 2548 m a.s.l.
Relationship to other species
The general shape of the male terminalia does not suggest any relationship to other described species of the Drosophila tripunctata group.
description: Published as part of Peñafiel-Vinueza, Ana Danitza & Rafael, Violeta, 2019, Five new species of the Drosophila tripunctata group (Diptera: Drosophilidae) from Podocarpus National Park, Ecuador, pp. 1-18 in European Journal of Taxonomy 494 on pages 13-14, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.494, http://zenodo.org/record/2561924