cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rapid intensification of Hurricane Earl in advanced hurricane WRF model simulations
Creators: name: PĂŠrez-Betancourt, Diamilet
name: Davis, Christopher
name: Kosmenko, Kimberly
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2011

Rapid intensification (RI) is a form of tropical cyclone (TC) intensification that is particularly challenging to predict. Understanding RI is essential for improving hurricane intensity forecast skill and hurricane preparedness. However, the physical processes that lead to RI are not well understood. Hurricane Earl, the second-strongest TC of the 2010 North Atlantic basin season, underwent RI on August 29, in its first day as a hurricane. The Advanced Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (AHW) model produced a simulation of Earl that was unsuccessful in predicting intensification, followed closely by a simulation successfully forecasting RI. The purpose of this study is to investigate the environmental and storm structure characteristics that led to Earl's simulated RI. The unsuccessful and successful simulations were first compared in terms of the environmental vertical wind shear, because this parameter is often negatively correlated with TC intensification. Area averages of the deep-layer and mid-layer vertical wind shear over the storm suggest that this parameter did not influence the intensification of the successful simulation. Initially, the successful simulation featured greater relative humidity throughout the troposphere within the storm's circulation. This led to a greater upward mass flux throughout the troposphere and a rapid intensification of circulation in the middle troposphere before any significant change occurred at the surface. After this deep vortex had been established, the mass flux (and lower-tropospheric convergence) continued to increase, leading to RI. These results provide a basis for further research to better understand and predict the development of RI.
Ages and Metallicities of Extragalactic Globular Clusters from Spectral and Photometric Fits of Stellar Population Synthesis Models
Creators: name: Wolf, Marsha J.
name: Drory, Niv
name: Gebhardt, Karl
name: Hill, Gary J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectra of galaxies contain an enormous amount of information about the relative mixture of ages and metallicities of constituent stars. We present a comprehensive study designed to extract the maximum information from spectra of data quality typical in large galaxy surveys. We test fitting techniques using the Bruzual-Charlot 2003 high resolution simple stellar population synthesis models to simultaneously estimate the ages and metallicities of 101 globular clusters in M31 and the Magellanic Clouds. The clusters cover a wide range of ages and metallicities, 4 Myr to 20 Gyr and -1.6 < [Fe/H] < +0.3, estimated by other methods in the literature. We compare results from model fits to both the spectra and photometry and find that fits to continuum-normalized (CN) spectra over the entire range available, typically 350-1000 nm for this sample, provides the best results. For clusters older than 1 Gyr we agree with literature ages to 0.16 dex (35%) and [Fe/H] to 0.12 dex. For younger clusters we agree with literature ages to 0.3 dex (63%), but cannot constrain the metallicity. It is particularly important to use the entire CN spectrum to avoid problems with model continua for young objects and to break age-metallicity degeneracies of broadband photometry. Our required S/N = 15-30 for 20% age uncertainties and 30-55 for 10% uncertainties over spectral resolutions of 5-25 Angstroms. This technique should work well for the age-metallicity parameter space expected for early-type galaxies at z~1, although individual galaxy spectral S/N may require the coaddition of a few like objects.
description: 70 pages, 18 figures, ApJ, in press
Amplicon based 16S Ribosomal RNA sequencing and genus identification
Creators: name: Risinger, Jan
name: Toloue, Masoud
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Next generation sequencing analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is commonly used to identify bacterial species and perform taxonomic studies. Bacterial 16S rRNA genes contain 9 hyper-variable regions with considerable sequence diversity among different bacterial species and can be used for species id. Rapid determination of highly complex bacterial populations through targeted amplification can provide an accurate gauge of diversity at taxonomic hierarchies as low as the genus level. A single 16S rRNA hypervariable domain does not have enough sequence diversity to distinguish genera. With increased read lengths of Illumina MiSeq chemistry, Bioo Scientific has expanded the common analysis of the fourth hyper-variable domain (V4) of prokaryotic 16S rRNA to V1, V2 and V3 regions simultaneously. Optimized preparation through a streamlined 16S V1-V3 procedure allows for high-quality, reproducible libraries. This optimization can be applied to different windows of 16S rRNA as well as other relevant prokaryotic taxonomic markers.
On the Usage of Continual Learning for Out-of-Distribution Generalization in Pre-trained Language Models of Code
Creators: name: Weyssow, Martin
name: Zhou, Xin
name: Kim, Kisub
name: Lo, David
name: Sahraoui, Houari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have become a prevalent technique in deep learning for code, utilizing a two-stage pre-training and fine-tuning procedure to acquire general knowledge about code and specialize in a variety of downstream tasks. However, the dynamic nature of software codebases poses a challenge to the effectiveness and robustness of PLMs. In particular, world-realistic scenarios potentially lead to significant differences between the distribution of the pre-training and test data, i.e., distribution shift, resulting in a degradation of the PLM's performance on downstream tasks. In this paper, we stress the need for adapting PLMs of code to software data whose distribution changes over time, a crucial problem that has been overlooked in previous works. The motivation of this work is to consider the PLM in a non-stationary environment, where fine-tuning data evolves over time according to a software evolution scenario. Specifically, we design a scenario where the model needs to learn from a stream of programs containing new, unseen APIs over time. We study two widely used PLM architectures, i.e., a GPT2 decoder and a RoBERTa encoder, on two downstream tasks, API call and API usage prediction. We demonstrate that the most commonly used fine-tuning technique from prior work is not robust enough to handle the dynamic nature of APIs, leading to the loss of previously acquired knowledge i.e., catastrophic forgetting. To address these issues, we implement five continual learning approaches, including replay-based and regularization-based methods. Our findings demonstrate that utilizing these straightforward methods effectively mitigates catastrophic forgetting in PLMs across both downstream tasks while achieving comparable or superior performance.
Comparison of microphysical cloud properties from the FSSP and CDP during the CAMPS field campaign
Creators: name: Piña, Aaron
name: Salazar, Vidal
name: Hallar, A.
name: Chirokova, Galina
name: Williams, John
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2011

Understanding and accurately sampling microphysical cloud properties for orographic-forced mixed-phase is of crucial importance for an enhanced representation of mixed-phase clouds in global climate models. The Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe (FSSP) has been the most widely used instrument to measure cloud microphysical characteristics for over three decades. The Cloud Droplet Probe (CDP) is a new instrument that was introduced to address mechanical issues the FSSP experienced (e.g. ice shattering). In current work, in-situ cloud data from 9 January 2011 of the Colorado Airborne Multi-Phase Cloud Study (CAMPS) field campaign were used to compare measurements by the FSSP and CDP. For all cloud penetrations considered, the FSSP measured a mean cloud droplet concentration of 131.66 cm⁻³ while the CDP measured a mean concentration of 110.89 cm⁻³. From calibration data, the CDP showed to undersize cloud particles. Results show concentrations measured by the FSSP and CDP, in general, do not agree in clouds comprised mostly of ice. In conclusion, on the considered day, data from the FSSP were significantly affected by ice particle shattering while the CDP undersized particles by 2-3.5 μm.
Reducing biases in small RNA-sequencing
Creators: name: Morris, Adam
name: Obermoeller, Dawn
name: Toloue, Masoud
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: The past decade has seen an explosion of interest in cataloging the small RNA repertoires of animal and plant species, and in understanding the biological function of small RNAs. Distinguishing closely-related small RNAs is difficult using hybridization-based approaches, since imperfectly matched small RNAs may hybridize to primers or immobilized probes. These considerations have led to the realization that high throughput sequencing is the most practical method for large-scale small RNA studies that aim to identify and enumerate small RNAs in various species and tissues.

Unfortunately, NGS approaches for small RNA analysis are not without their own challenges. Several studies have now shown entire datasets, including those in miRBase, to contain severe sequence bias, specifically, small RNA expression that is not accurately represented by sRNA-seq. Significant effort has gone into identifying the cause of this misrepresentation, and it is now generally accepted that bias in sRNA-seq libraries is primarily introduced during the ligation steps in library preparation. Specifically, RNA ligases show sequence-specific preferences toward adapters, resulting in preferential inclusion of some small RNAs in sRNA-seq libraries, at the expense of others. Simply using two different adapter sequences during ligation can result in up to 30-fold differential expression for some microRNAs. No single adapter sequence is able to efficiently ligate to all small RNAs, indicating that the target sequence, as well as adapter sequence, is a source of bias.

Our approach to overcoming ligation bias in sRNA-seq libraries involves using a pool of adapters having randomized sequences at the ligation site, where each adapter sequence is present in vast molar excess over any given small RNA in the sample. Experiments show that most of the bias in adapter ligation is due to the sequence of 2-4 adapter nucleotides adjacent to the target junction.

Using our randomized adapter strategy, small RNA libraries were prepared with both synthetic small RNAs and small RNA isolated from human brain and sequenced. Libraries utilizing randomized adapters demonstrated significantly more even coverage due to reductions in ligase bias. We will demonstrate why our new bias-reducing small RNA-seq protocol is critical for those needing to accurately assess small RNA abundance using high throughput sequencing.
The approximation property for locally compact quantum groups
Creators: name: Daws, Matthew
name: Krajczok, Jacek
name: Voigt, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the Haagerup--Kraus approximation property for locally compact quantum groups, generalising and unifying previous work by Kraus--Ruan and Crann. Along the way we discuss how multipliers of quantum groups interact with the $\mathrm{C}^*$-algebraic theory of locally compact quantum groups. Several inheritance properties of the approximation property are established in this setting, including passage to quantum subgroups, free products of discrete quantum groups, and duals of double crossed products. We also discuss a relation to the weak$^*$ operator approximation property. For discrete quantum groups, we introduce a central variant of the approximation property, and relate this to a version of the approximation property for rigid $\mathrm{C}^*$-tensor categories, building on work of Arano--De Laat--Wahl.
description: 54 pages; accepted version
title: [Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 5 (269)]
title: Carta Renunciacionis facta ut infra
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Johaninus
name: Georgius
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1398
Subjects: subject: Sonstige geistliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Johanninus de Hospinellis, praepositus des Klosters St. Cataldi in Cremona, und Georgius de Hospinellis, canonicus dieses Klosters, verpachten dem Jacobus de Anzolis, Sohn des verstorbenen Simon, aus der Nachbarschaft burgi St. Stefani an der Porta St. Laurentii in Cremona Land, gelegen in burgo sancti Ambroxii in Campobonino prope Campum Guaffum. Es schließt sich ein weiterer Rechtsakt an.
Dynamical systems with internal degrees of freedom in non-Euclidean spaces
Creators: name: Sławianowski, J. J.
name: Kovalchuk, V.
name: Gołubowska, B.
name: Martens, A.
name: Rożko, E. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Presented is description of kinematics and dynamics of material points with internal degrees of freedom moving in a Riemannian manifold. The models of internal degrees of freedom we concentrate on are based on the orthogonal and affine groups. Roughly speaking, we consider infinitesimal gyroscopes and homogeneously deformable gyroscopes (affienly-rigid bodies) in curved manifolds. We follow our earlier models of extended rigid and affinely-rigid bodies moving in a flat space. It is well known that in curved spaces in general there is no well-defined concept of extended rigid or affinely-rigid body. Our infinitesimal models are mathematically well defined and physically they may be interpreted as an approximate description of "small" rigid and affinely-rigid bodies. We derive equations of motion and show how internal degrees of freedom interact with spatial geometry, first of all with the curvature but also with the torsion. Integrability and degeneracy problems are discussed.
A modeling study on ozone formation in the upper troposphere in relation to thunderstorms
Creators: name: Roberts-Gregory, Frances
name: Massie, Steven
name: Wade, Nancy
name: Huang, Wei
name: Barth, Mary
name: Vincente, Vanessa
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2010

Tropospheric ozone is important because of its deleterious effects as urban smog at ground level, its role as a greenhouse gas in the upper troposphere (UT), and its control of the oxidizing capacity of the troposphere through its photochemical derivative hydroxide (OH). Thunderstorms can affect ozone in the UT through production of nitrogen oxides (NOx) by lightning and convective transport of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons, and other volatile organic compounds that produce peroxy radicals. The purpose of this study was to better understand the importance of specific reaction rates in UT ozone chemistry by analyzing data generated by a high-resolution WRF-Chem simulation in which thunderstorms were explicitly represented at a horizontal resolution of 4 km. Our aim was to determine if thunderstorms associated with the annual North American Monsoon influenced the fate of NOx and peroxy radicals in the UT. Using output for a typical summer day, we mapped the most important peroxy radical production reactions and compared these with maps of storms as well as boundary layer and lightning-NOx tracers. The results indicated that the oxidation of CO, methane and short-lived, intermediate species such as formaldehyde and organic peroxides were the most important reactions. Furthermore, higher reaction rates of formation of peroxy radicals were found in areas were the boundary layer tracer was transported by convection. Long term implications of the research include contributing to a growing body of knowledge on ozone formation as ozone has far reaching effects on the quality of life of plant and animal species.
A Classification of Feedback Loops and Their Relation to Biases in Automated Decision-Making Systems
Creators: name: Pagan, Nicolò
name: Baumann, Joachim
name: Elokda, Ezzat
name: De Pasquale, Giulia
name: Bolognani, Saverio
name: Hannák, Anikó
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Prediction-based decision-making systems are becoming increasingly prevalent in various domains. Previous studies have demonstrated that such systems are vulnerable to runaway feedback loops, e.g., when police are repeatedly sent back to the same neighborhoods regardless of the actual rate of criminal activity, which exacerbate existing biases. In practice, the automated decisions have dynamic feedback effects on the system itself that can perpetuate over time, making it difficult for short-sighted design choices to control the system's evolution. While researchers started proposing longer-term solutions to prevent adverse outcomes (such as bias towards certain groups), these interventions largely depend on ad hoc modeling assumptions and a rigorous theoretical understanding of the feedback dynamics in ML-based decision-making systems is currently missing. In this paper, we use the language of dynamical systems theory, a branch of applied mathematics that deals with the analysis of the interconnection of systems with dynamic behaviors, to rigorously classify the different types of feedback loops in the ML-based decision-making pipeline. By reviewing existing scholarly work, we show that this classification covers many examples discussed in the algorithmic fairness community, thereby providing a unifying and principled framework to study feedback loops. By qualitative analysis, and through a simulation example of recommender systems, we show which specific types of ML biases are affected by each type of feedback loop. We find that the existence of feedback loops in the ML-based decision-making pipeline can perpetuate, reinforce, or even reduce ML biases.
Seismic investigation of the Southern Rio Grande Rift
Creators: name: Thompson, Lennox
name: Velasco, Aaron
name: Serpa, Laura
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008

An upwelling of basaltic magma 29 million years ago caused the earth's crust to spread apart and create a region known today as the Rio Grande Rift (RGR). The RGR extends from central Colorado through New Mexico to northern Mexico, near El Paso. The RGR has different geologic features that distinguish it from most other valleys (e.g., RGR was not cut by a river nor does a river branch upstream). A growing body of evidence shows that geologic activity still occurs in the RGR, with a continuation of faulting, seismicity and widening at a small rate. The Southern Rio Grande Rift (SRGR) was the area of focus for this summer research. The goal of this research study will be to develop a contour map of velocity structures and moho depth using data from seismograms that have been installed around the region. The topographic mapping, Vp/Vs ratio, and the crustal thickness of the SRGR will define the crustal structure and the tectonic evolution of the region. The results will assist in understanding the crustal structure of not only the SRGR, but the RGR in general. Results have been obtained for the SRGR using GMT which includes a contour plot of the Vp/Vs ratio and crustal thickness in that region.
Flexible bandwidth 448 Gb/s DMT Transmission for Next Generation Data Center Inter-Connects
Creators: name: Dochhan, Annika
name: Grießer, Helmut
name: Eiselt, Michael
name: Elbers, Jörg-Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We experimentally evaluate a flexible DMT system using 4 to 8 50-GHz-grid C-band channels to transmit 448 Gb/s over up to 240 km SSMF. VSB filtering enabled by detuned lasers significantly reduces the impact of chromatic dispersion.
description: This work was funded by the German ministry of education and research (BMBF) within the SASER ADVAntage-NET project under contract 16BP12400
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 5 (268)]
Creators: name: De Cremonte De Nonis, Johannes
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1398
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Johannes de Cremonte de Nonis, Doktor der Rechte und magister intratarum extraordinariarum, erneuert den Pachtvertrag mit Verdina de Monteneriis, Tochter des Thoma und Witwe des Jacomus, über ein Haus in Pavia.
Beyond the locality approximation in the standard diffusion Monte Carlo method
Creators: name: Casula, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a way to include non local potentials in the standard Diffusion Monte Carlo method without using the locality approximation. We define a stochastic projection based on a fixed node effective Hamiltonian, whose lowest energy is an upper bound of the true ground state energy, even in the presence of non local operators in the Hamiltonian. The variational property of the resulting algorithm provides a stable diffusion process, even in the case of divergent non local potentials, like the hard-core pseudopotentials. It turns out that the modification required to improve the standard Diffusion Monte Carlo algorithm is simple.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Physical Review B
Drilling Induced Fracture (DIF) characterization and stress pattern analysis of the Southern McMurdo Sound (SMS) core, Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica
Creators: name: Patlan, Ezer
name: Wilson, Terry
name: Millan, Christina
name: Carroll, Kelly
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008

There is a significant lack of data about present day stress fields in Antarctica. Stresses provide valuable information data about the forces acting on the plates. In Antarctica, stresses may be related to ridge forces such as rifting and/or uplifting, to ice loading/unloading related processes, or both. This project involves the study of drilling induced fractures from core recovered in the Victoria Land rift basin of Antarctica. Drilling induced fractures form ahead of the drill bit during drilling from stress imbalances due to the removal of excess weight pressure around the rock. Because horizontal stresses strike parallel to the planes made by drilling induced fractures, they can be used to measure modern day stress fields. Whole core images obtained during core logging by digitally scanning the outside of the core are stitched into longer intact intervals. Drilling induced fractures in the core are âpickedâ in order to obtain their azimuth. Magnetically oriented acoustic images of the inside of the drill hole are then compare side by side with the stitched whole core images and visually scanned for matching features. Once the same set of fractures is found in the core and the borehole is then possible to rotate to core images to match the orientation of the borehole image. This will result on a core image with all the fractures in that interval re-oriented to true north. This final orientation of drilling induced fractures in the core will thus provide the direction of maximum horizontal compressional stress in this area.
A new flow-based design for double-lumen needles
Creators: name: Cimpeanu, Radu
name: Castrejon-Pita, Alfonso A.
name: Lim, Lee Nai
name: Vatish, Manu
name: Georgiou, Ektoras X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oocyte retrieval forms a crucial part of in vitro fertilisation treatment and its ultimate outcome. Standard double-lumen needles, which include a sequence of aspiration and flushing steps, are characterised by a similar success rate to single-lumen needles, despite their increased cost. A novel hydrodynamics-based needle called the OxIVF needle is proposed here, which is geared towards the generation of an internal flow field within the full follicular volume via laterally, rather than frontally, oriented flushing, leading to successful retrievals with no additional stress on the oocyte. A two-dimensional digital twin of the follicular environment is created and tested via multi-phase flow direct numerical simulation. Oocyte initial location within the follicle is varied, while quantities of interest such as velocity magnitude and vorticity are measured with a high level of precision. This provides insight into the overall fluid motion, as well as the trajectory and stresses experienced by the oocyte. A comparative benchmark set of tests indicated a higher success rate of the OxIVF needle of up to 100%, marking a significant improvement over the traditional double-lumen design whose success rate of no more than 75% was also highly dependent on the location of the needle tip inside the follicle. All forces measured during these tests showcase how the oocyte experiences stresses which are no larger than at the aspiration point, with the flow field providing a gentle steering effect towards the extraction region. Finally, the flow generation strategy maximises oocyte yield, unlocking new capabilities in both human and veterinary contexts.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Advances in dynamic AFM: from nanoscale energy dissipation to material properties in the nanoscale
Creators: name: Santos, Sergio
name: Gadelrab, Karim
name: Lai, Chia-Yun
name: Olukan, Tuza
name: Font, Josep
name: Barcons, Victor
name: Verdaguer, Albert
name: Chiesa, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the inception of the atomic force microscope AFM, dynamic methods have been very fruitful by establishing methods to quantify dissipative and conservative forces in the nanoscale and by providing a means to apply gentle forces to the samples with high resolution. Here we review developments that cover over a decade of our work on energy dissipation, phase contrast and the extraction of relevant material properties from observables. We describe the attempts to recover material properties via one dimensional amplitude and phase curves from force models and explore the evolution of these methods in terms of force reconstruction, fits of experimental measurements, and the more recent advances in multifrequency AFM.
Convective transport of chemical constituents at Northern Alabama and Central Oklahoma: A numerical analysis
Creators: name: Pardo-Rodriguez, Lumari
name: Barth, Mary
name: Marsh, Daniel
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008

Chemical constituents are transported from the boundary layer to the upper troposphere via deep convection. Once in the upper troposphere these constituents have longer lifetimes and are readily advected. Vertical transport of these constituents is important because they affect the Earthâs radiation budget, the flux of UV radiation to the surface, and the creation of radical species that help in the elimination of certain pollutants. In this paper, carbon monoxide is studied because it is an excellent tracer of convection since its chemical lifetime it is much longer than the lifetime of a thunderstorm. Conversely, ozone was chosen because of its high reactivity and affects both solar and infrared radiation. This research analyzes simulations of constituents from the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with chemistry during two storms; one located in northern Alabama and the other one in central Oklahoma. At these locations carbon monoxide and ozone data are used to understand the effects of the convective transport in the upper troposphere. Constituents' distributions are compared before, during and after the passage of each storm. Results present a stronger, high reaching storm in Oklahoma versus a broader and less energetic storm in Alabama. As a result of these differences the Oklahoma storm transports constituents more effectively in to the upper troposphere. This research concludes that not only the intensity of the storm affects concentrations of a constituent in the upper troposphere but also the original concentration at the boundary layer before convection.
Non-thermal superconductivity in photo-doped multi-orbital Hubbard systems
Creators: name: Ray, Sujay
name: Murakami, Yuta
name: Werner, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductivity in laser-excited correlated electron systems has attracted considerable interest due to reports of light-induced superconducting-like states. Here we explore the possibility of non-thermal superconducting order in strongly interacting multi-orbital Hubbard systems, using non-equilibrium dynamical mean field theory. We find that a staggered $η$-type superconducting phase can be realized on a bipartite lattice in the high photo-doping regime, if the effective temperature of the photo-carriers is sufficiently low. The $η$ superconducting state is stabilized by Hund coupling - a positive Hund coupling favors orbital-singlet spin-triplet $η$ pairing, whereas a negative Hund coupling stabilizes spin-singlet orbital-triplet $η$ pairing.
ESO's Exposure Time Calculator 2.0
Creators: name: Boffin, Henri M. J.
name: Vinther, Jakob
name: Lundin, Lars K.
name: Bazin, Gurvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Users of the La Silla Paranal Observatory have to rely on the ESO Exposure Time Calculator (ETC) to prepare their observations. A project has been started at ESO to modernise the ETC, based on a python backend and an angular-based front-end. The ETC 2.0 will have a programmatic interface to enable the results to be included in an automated quality control loop and to communicate with the Phase 1 proposal preparation and the Phase 2 observation preparation tools, the ESO science archive, as well as with scripts runs by external users or instruments. The first version of an ETC 2.0 has been released for the 4MOST instrument and further versions will be released over the next years for all new La Silla, VLT and ELT instruments. The ETC of the current La Silla and VLT instruments will also be migrated progressively, with improved instrument description.
description: Author version of a paper presented at SPIE
The Vancouver Korean community : reestablishing status within the Canadian context, 1965-1997
Creators: name: Song, Marc
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis examines the social history of the Vancouver Korean community from 1965 to 1997. Within the Canadian context, first generation immigrant Koreans have experienced two key phenomena which have challenged their social status and made for a unique immigrant experience in Canada. First, there has been a negative estimation of Korean cultural merit by the host society. Second, first generation Koreans were highly educated professionals who could not find employment commensurate with their educational and professional backgrounds. Prestige is extremely important for all individuals and groups. In light of the two challenges of cultural devaluation and downward occupational adjustment, the question that this thesis investigates is how Vancouver Koreans have historically reestablished lost prestige within their own community. It is concluded that immigrant generation Koreans have contested for personal status in two ways: by promoting Korean cultural heritage and by pursuing positions of authority within the structure of the Korean community.
Note on local mixing techniques for stochastic differential equations
Creators: name: Veretennikov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10, 60J25

description: This paper discusses several techniques which may be used for applying the coupling method to solutions of stochastic differential equations (SDEs). They all work in dimension $d\ge 1$, although, in $d=1$ the most natural way is to use intersections of trajectories, which requires nothing but strong Markov property and non-degeneracy of the diffusion coefficient. In dimensions $d>1$ it is possible to use embedded Markov chains either by considering discrete times $n=0,1,\ldots$, or by arranging special stopping time sequences and to use local Markov -- Dobrushin's (MD) condition. Further applications may be based on one or another version of the MD condition. For studies of convergence and mixing rates the (Markov) process must be strong Markov and recurrent; however, recurrence is a separate issue which is not discussed in this paper.
description: 20 pages, 16 references
The orders of nonsingular derivations of Lie algebras of characteristic two
Creators: name: Mattarei, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B50 (Primary); 17B40, 12C15, 20C15 (Secondary)

description: Nonsingular derivations of modular Lie algebras which have finite multiplicative order play a role in the coclass theory for pro-$p$ groups and Lie algebras. A study of the set N_p of positive integers which occur as orders of nonsingular derivations of finite-dimensional non-nilpotent Lie algebras of positive characteristic p was initiated by Shalev and continued by the present author. In this paper we continue this study in the case of characteristic two. Among other results, we prove that any divisor n of 2^k-1 with $n^4>(2^k-n)^{3}$ belongs to N_2. Our methods consist of elementary arguments with polynomials over finite fields and a little character theory of finite groups.
description: 11 pages
Lineament analysis for the McMurdo Dry Valleys region, Antarctica
Creators: name: Hernandez, Stephen
name: Wilson, Terry
name: Konfal, Stephanie
name: Carroll, Kelly
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008

Light Detecting and Ranging (LiDAR) data were collected for regions spanning approximately 4000 kmÂ˛ in the McMurdo Dry Valleys region of Antarctica. The efficacy of using digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from these data for geomorphic mapping applications in the Dry Valleys are assessed. Using the ArcGIS Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software suite, we determine optimal image processing techniques to enhance visibility of geologically and geomorphically significant lineaments including faults, dikes, paleoshorelines, and other rifting and glacially induced features. Optimized filters, shadowing parameters, and the determination of positive and negative relief are applied to regions of interest. Results highlight features that can be used to constrain long-term glacial isostatic adjustment and neotectonic processes related to the West Antarctic Rift System (WARS).
Triangular vortex lattices and giant vortices in rotating bubble Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: White, Angela C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that three-dimensional spherical-shell condensates respond to rotation by forming two aligned triangular Abrikosov-like vortex lattices on each hemispherical surface. The centrifugal force due to rotation causes an elliptical deformation of the spherical shell condensate shape and for faster rotation rates, drives the formation of a central multi-charged vortex-antivortex pair at the poles surrounded by a ring of singly charged vortices in the bulk density. The vortex distributions observed in each hemisphere take a similar form to those found in rotating harmonic plus quartic traps.
description: Updated with published version, 6 pages, 2 figures, comments welcome
Fragen und Antworten zur Empfehlung der Bischofskonferenz der VELKD "Ordnungsgemäß berufen"
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 61 Nr. 3 (2012): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 61, Heft 3
Reassessing spatial, temporal, and compositional trends in western North American magmas using NAVDAT
Creators: name: Fornash, Katherine
name: Farmer, G.
name: Eriksson, Susan
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008

Plate tectonic setting and magmatic activity are intimately related, as evidenced by the fact that 95% of all magma generation (by volume) occurs along active continental margins. However, in Cenozoic western North America magmatism occurred over 1000 km from the active continental margin, even after corrections for Basin and Range extension (Grove, 2000). Previous research suggests that these magmas may be the product of changing plate configurations between the Farallon and North American plate, and subduction-related processes. These hypotheses were re-examined using MATLAB-generated animations and visualizations of data in the North American Volcanic and Intrusive Rock Database (NAVDAT, http://navdat.kgs.ku.edu). Continental basaltic rocks (Ages: 200 m.y.-present, SiOâ wt.%: 40-52%, 7,987 samples) and volcanic rocks from four, mid-Tertiary volcanic fields were examined for the presence of a subduction-related geochemical signature. Animations of the temporal and spatial changes in the Na/K ratio of basaltic rocks showed an increase in the prevalence of sodic magmatism through time, as well as a general concentration of more potassic rocks toward the interior of the continent. Also notable was the observation that potassic volcanism in the Sierra Nevadas (~3.5 m.y.) thought to be related to lithospheric delamination, was the only location of potassic volcanism in the entire western United States province present during that time period. Harker variation diagrams of various major and trace element abundances in the mid-Tertiary volcanic fields revealed that the Trans-Pecos volcanic field had a consistently distinct chemical composition, characterized by low Ba/Nb, Th/Nb, and Sr/Ta ratios, low wt.% CaO and wt.% MgO, and high wt.% TiOâ. Differences between the Mogollon-Datil, San Juan, and Challis/Absaroka volcanic fields were subtle, but still evident. Taken together, these observations suggest that (1) spatial variations in the intensity of metasomatism of the mantle might have existed as the time and that (2) magmas in the Trans-Pecos volcanic field may have been generated in a back-arc basin environment.
Hexanic Extract of Serenoa repens (Permixon®): A Review in Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Creators: name: Blair, Hannah A.
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest Hannah Blair is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable.Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here.
Abstract The hexanic extract (HE) of Serenoa repens (Permixon®) is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The drug is the n-hexane lipidosterolic extract of the American dwarf palm tree (also known as saw palmetto). The anti-inflammatory activity of HE S. repens has been demonstrated in vitro, in vivo and in men with prostatic inflammation. In randomised clinical trials, the efficacy of HE S. repens was similar to that of an α-blocker in terms of improving voiding and storage symptoms, increasing urinary flow rate and reducing prostate volume in men with BPH. HE S. repens was also as effective as 5α-reductase inhibitors and/or α-blockers at improving lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and quality of life (QOL) in real-world observational studies. HE S. repens was generally well tolerated, with a lesser impact on male sexual function compared with other available therapies. Thus, HE S. repens is a useful option for the treatment of symptomatic BPH.© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022
Letter from J. E. [John Edgar] McAllister to Mr. [James] Goldie, February 11, 1915
Creators: name: McAllister, John Edgar
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to Mr. [James] Goldie from J. E. [John Edgar] McAllister, dated February 11, 1915, regarding business, issues with finances, and Robert Stanhope Dormer's situation in the war.
Modeling rainfall thresholds for landslide analysis
Creators: name: Corley, Isaiah
name: Baum, Rex
name: Borsa, Adrian
name: Beldyk, Matthew
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008

In essence, the task at hand is to successfully analyze landslide behavior by using a deterministic analysis of rainfall thresholds. An alternative approach for defining rainfall thresholds uses deterministic models for rainfall infiltration and slope stability testing. Deterministic modeling is believed to be less computationally costly than the empirical method. This project aims to define rainfall thresholds in Western Oregon by applying the deterministic modeling technique. The objectives are to use a computer model of landslide initiation and rainfall infiltration to define rainfall thresholds for certain sites in Western Oregon and to compare these thresholds with historically collected rainfall threshold and rainfall amounts data. The project can be better subdivided into a number of subcategories: define landslide provinces based on similar climate, terrain, and geology; compile a database of relevant geotechnical parameters for selected provinces; model rain infiltration and slope stability for representative rainfall intensities and durations, geotechnical parameters, soil thicknesses, and slope angles for selected provinces; define thresholds based on model results; and compare rainfall thresholds defined by computer modeling with published empirically defined thresholds and actual landslide events. Two areas of major research that will be discussed are the rainfall threshold analysis method(s) and how they can be used by the TRIGRS (Transient Rainfall Infiltration and Grid-Based Regional Slope-Stability Analysis) program to compute a factor of safety.
Active-matter isomorphs in the size-polydisperse Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Lennard-Jones model
Creators: name: Jespersen, Daniel
name: Costigliola, Lorenzo
name: Dyre, Jeppe C.
name: Saw, Shibu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper studies size-polydisperse Lennard-Jones systems described by active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particle dynamics. The focus is on the existence of isomorphs (curves of invariant structure and dynamics) in the model's three-dimensional phase diagram. Isomorphs are traced out from a single steady-state configuration by means of the configurational-temperature method. Good invariance of the reduced-unit radial distribution function and the mean-square displacement as a function of time is demonstrated for three uniform-distribution polydispersities, 12%, 23%, and 29%. Comparing to active-matter isomorphs generated by the analytical direct-isomorph-check method, the latter give somewhat poorer invariance of the structure, but better invariance of the dynamics. We conclude that both methods can be used to quickly get an overview of the phase diagram of polydisperse AOUP models involving a potential-energy function obeying the hidden-scale-invariance property required for isomorph theory to apply.
Terrestrial laser scanning study of gully erosion at West Bijou Creek, Arapahoe County, Colorado: An investigation on field acquisition and data processing
Creators: name: Bonilla, Emanuelle
name: Sheehan, Anne
name: Tucker, Gregory
name: Phillips, Dave
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008

Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) or ground based LiDAR (light detection and ranging) is a relatively new technology that digitally maps geological outcrops at a (mm-cm) resolution. This paper reports the results of a trial TLS project that has two main aims: collecting scans for monitoring gully erosion and conducting a survey to connect field methods of TLS with geomorphology. The site of the TLS survey was located at Arapahoe County, Colorado and data collection consisted of a three-day campaign. This project focus is applying a new approach to analyzing and measuring deformation and erosion in gully dominated landscapes. Our approach to make the survey consisted of going to the field with an Optech scanner to acquire the data, searching for different field acquisition strategies, practicing with data processing and making a web page of the project for the scientific community. A preliminary terrain model is made in Polyworks software using only twenty percent of the scans and giving us an insight of how the landscape model can look in the future. The long-term goal of this research is to keep track of the changes in the morphology of the gullies located at the West Bijou Creek in Colorado using Real Time Kinematic GPS (RTK-GPS) and Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS). Because applications of TLS in geology and geophysics are evolving rapidly, in this project a web page including a forum is made to provide the scientific community with a summary of current field acquisition practices for sharing ideas and discoveries.