cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Product repair in a circular economy: exploring public repair behavior from a systems perspective
Creators: name: Parajuly, Keshav
name: GREEN, JAMES
name: Richter, Jessika
name: Johnson, Michael
name: Rückschloss, Jana
name: Peeters, Jef
name: Kuehr, Ruediger
name: FITZPATRICK, COLIN
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Repair practices are driven not only by consumers’ internal motivation, but also by external infrastructural, social including cultural, financial, and political factors. We explore these factors with the goal of understanding the public repair of electrical and electronic products (e-products) from a systems perspective to help devise appropriate change interventions. We document (a) behavioral aspects, (b) techno-economic factors, and (c) intervention strategies aimed at promoting repair practices. To gauge this, a survey was administered among 922 volunteers across 14 countries with experience in repairing e-products at public repair events. Findings suggest that while behavioral constructs including personal values, beliefs, and attitudes toward product repair are the main proximal drivers of intention to repair, the ability to repair plays an important role. Further, these individual factors are influenced by the techno-economic settings such as access to repair services, economic benefits, and the ease of product repair stands out as the key enablers for product lifetime extension. As per intervention strategies, the results highlight economic incentives, regulatory requirements, and public awareness as the key drivers. However, influencing repair behavior directly may not always be the most effective strategy. New initiatives to improve involvement should focus on more repairable products, exploiting the innovative potentials of commercial as well as non-profit repair initiatives, education, and supporting the development of skills among volunteer repairers.
MPEC 2023-F228 : 2023 FW10
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 FW10

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A Novel Pseudopodial Component of the Dendritic Cell Anti-Fungal Response: The Fungipod
Creators: name: Neumann, Aaron K.
name: Jacobson, Ken
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Fungal pathologies are seen in immunocompromised and healthy humans. C-type lectins expressed on immature dendritic cells (DC) recognize fungi. We report a novel dorsal pseudopodial protrusion, the “fungipod”, formed by DC after contact with yeast cell walls. These structures have a convoluted cell-proximal end and a smooth distal end. They persist for hours, exhibit noticeable growth and total 13.7±5.6 µm long and 1.8±0.67 µm wide at the contact. Fungipods contain clathrin and an actin core surrounded by a sheath of cortactin. The actin cytoskeleton, but not microtubules, is required for fungipod integrity and growth. An apparent rearward flow (225±55 nm/second) exists from the zymosan contact site into the distal fungipod. The phagocytic receptor Dectin-1 is not required for fungipod formation, but CD206 (Mannose Receptor) is the generative receptor for these protrusions. The human pathogen Candida parapsilosis induces DC fungipod formation strongly, but the response is species specific since the related fungal pathogens Candida tropicalis and Candida albicans induce very few and no fungipods, respectively. Our findings show that fungipods are dynamic actin-driven cellular structures involved in fungal recognition by DC. They may promote yeast particle phagocytosis by DC and are a specific response to large (i.e., 5 µm) particulate ligands. Our work also highlights the importance of this novel protrusive structure to innate immune recognition of medically significant Candida yeasts in a species specific fashion.
Interplay between antiferrodistortive, ferroelectric and superconducting instabilities in Sr_{1-x}Ca_{x}$TiO_{3-δ}
Creators: name: de Lima, B. S.
name: da Luz, M. S.
name: Oliveira, F. S.
name: Alves, L. M. S.
name: Santos, C. A. M. dos
name: Jomard, F.
name: Sidis, Y.
name: Bourges, P.
name: Harms, S.
name: Grams, C. P.
name: Hemberger, J.
name: Lin, X.
name: Fauque, B.
name: Behnia, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SrTiO$_{3}$ undergoes a cubic-to-tetragonal phase transition at 105K. This antiferrodistortive transition is believed to be in competition with incipient ferroelectricity. Substituting strontium by isovalent calcium induces a ferroelectric order. Introducing mobile electrons to the system by chemical non-isovalent doping, on the other hand, leads to the emergence of a dilute metal with a superconducting ground state. The link between superconductivity and the other two instabilities is an open question, which gathers momentum in the context of the growing popularity of the paradigm linking unconventional superconductors and quantum critical points. We present a set of specific-heat, neutron-scattering and dielectric permittivity and polarization measurements on Sr$_{1-x}$Ca$_{x}$TiO$_{3}$ ($0
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Effect of quenched disorder in the entropy-jump at the first-order vortex phase transition of Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8 + δ}$
Creators: name: Dolz, M. I.
name: Pedrazzini, P.
name: Pastoriza, H.
name: Konczykowski, M.
name: Fasano, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of quenched disorder in the thermodynamic magnitudes entailed in the first-order vortex phase transition of the extremely layered Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8 + δ}$ compound. We track the temperature-evolution of the enthalpy and the entropy-jump at the vortex solidification transition by means of AC local magnetic measurements. Quenched disorder is introduced to the pristine samples by means of heavy-ion irradiation with Pb and Xe producing a random columnar-track pins distribution with different densities (matching field $B_Φ$). In contrast with previous magneto-optical reports, we find that the first-order phase transition persists for samples with $B_Φ$ up to 100\,Gauss. For very low densities of quenched disorder (pristine samples), the evolution of the thermodynamic properties can be satisfactorily explained considering a negligible effect of pinning and only electromagnetic coupling between pancake vortices lying in adjacent CuO planes. This description is not satisfactory on increasing magnitude of quenched disorder.
description: submitted to Journal of Low Temperature Physics
High Multiplicity Infection by HIV-1 in Men Who Have Sex with Men
Creators: name: Hraber, Peter
name: Shaw, George M.
name: Perelson, Alan S.
name: Decker, Julie M.
name: Korber, Bette T.
name: Giorgi, Elena E.
name: Cohen, Myron S.
name: Keele, Brandon F.
name: Hahn, Beatrice H.
name: Markowitz, Martin
name: Salazar-Gonzalez, Jesus F.
name: Hicks, Charles B.
name: Bhattacharya, Tanmoy
name: Morgan, Charity J.
name: Schumacher, Joseph E.
name: Salazar, Maria G.
name: Wang, Shuyi
name: Li, Hui
name: Haynes, Barton F.
name: Learn, Gerald H.
name: Sun, Chuanxi
name: Bar, Katharine J.
name: Eron, Joseph J.
name: Chen, Yalu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Elucidating virus-host interactions responsible for HIV-1 transmission is important for advancing HIV-1 prevention strategies. To this end, single genome amplification (SGA) and sequencing of HIV-1 within the context of a model of random virus evolution has made possible for the first time an unambiguous identification of transmitted/founder viruses and a precise estimation of their numbers. Here, we applied this approach to HIV-1 env analyses in a cohort of acutely infected men who have sex with men (MSM) and found that a high proportion (10 of 28; 36%) had been productively infected by more than one virus. In subjects with multivariant transmission, the minimum number of transmitted viruses ranged from 2 to 10 with viral recombination leading to rapid and extensive genetic shuffling among virus lineages. A combined analysis of these results, together with recently published findings based on identical SGA methods in largely heterosexual (HSX) cohorts, revealed a significantly higher frequency of multivariant transmission in MSM than in HSX [19 of 50 subjects (38%) versus 34 of 175 subjects (19%); Fisher's exact p = 0.008]. To further evaluate the SGA strategy for identifying transmitted/founder viruses, we analyzed 239 overlapping 5′ and 3′ half genome or env-only sequences from plasma viral RNA (vRNA) and blood mononuclear cell DNA in an MSM subject who had a particularly well-documented virus exposure history 3–6 days before symptom onset and 14–17 days before peak plasma viremia (47,600,000 vRNA molecules/ml). All 239 sequences coalesced to a single transmitted/founder virus genome in a time frame consistent with the clinical history, and a molecular clone of this genome encoded replication competent virus in accord with model predictions. Higher multiplicity of HIV-1 infection in MSM compared with HSX is consistent with the demonstrably higher epidemiological risk of virus acquisition in MSM and could indicate a greater challenge for HIV-1 vaccines than previously recognized.
MPEC 2023-F229 : 2023 FX10
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 FX10

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
New insight into $nd\rightarrow$ $^3Hγ$ process at thermal energy with pionless effective field theory
Creators: name: Arani, M. Moeini
name: Nematollahi, H.
name: Mahboubi, N.
name: Bayegan, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We take a new look at the neutron radiative capture by a deuteron at thermal energy with the pionless effective field theory (EFT($π\!\!\!/$)) approach. We present in detail the calculation of $nd\rightarrow$ $^3Hγ$ amplitudes for incoming doublet and quartet channels leading to the formation of a triton fully in the projection method based on the cluster-configuration space approach. In the present work, we consider all possible one-body and two-body photon interaction diagrams. In fact, additional diagrams that make significant changes in the results of the calculation of the total cross section in the $nd\rightarrow$ $^3Hγ$ process are included in this study. The properly normalized triton wave function is calculated and taken into consideration. We compare the cross section of the dominant magnetic M1-transition of $nd\rightarrow$ $^3Hγ$ up to next-to-next-to-leading order $\textrm{N}^2\textrm{LO}$ with the results of the previous model-dependent theoretical calculations and experimental data. The more acceptable results for cross section $σ^{(2)}_{tot}=0.297\;(\textrm{LO})+0.124\;(\textrm{NLO})+0.048\;(\textrm{N}^2\textrm{LO})=[0.469\pm0.033]\:\textrm{mb}$ show order by order convergence and cutoff independence. No three-body currents are needed to renormalize observables up to $\textrm{N}^2\textrm{LO}$ in this process.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables
HIV-1 Populations in Semen Arise through Multiple Mechanisms
Creators: name: Jones, Corbin D.
name: Jabara, Cassandra B.
name: Ping, Li-Hua
name: Borrow, Persephone
name: Kincer, Laura
name: Arney, Leslie
name: Anderson, Jeffrey A.
name: Tang, Yuyang
name: Hobbs, Marcia
name: Fiscus, Susan
name: Hoffman, Irving
name: Swanstrom, Ronald
name: Cohen, Myron S.
name: Kazembe, Peter
name: Dibben, Oliver
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: HIV-1 is present in anatomical compartments and bodily fluids. Most transmissions occur through sexual acts, making virus in semen the proximal source in male donors. We find three distinct relationships in comparing viral RNA populations between blood and semen in men with chronic HIV-1 infection, and we propose that the viral populations in semen arise by multiple mechanisms including: direct import of virus, oligoclonal amplification within the seminal tract, or compartmentalization. In addition, we find significant enrichment of six out of nineteen cytokines and chemokines in semen of both HIV-infected and uninfected men, and another seven further enriched in infected individuals. The enrichment of cytokines involved in innate immunity in the seminal tract, complemented with chemokines in infected men, creates an environment conducive to T cell activation and viral replication. These studies define different relationships between virus in blood and semen that can significantly alter the composition of the viral population at the source that is most proximal to the transmitted virus.
Fehler sind zum Lernen da. Ein Bilderbuch zur Diskussionsanregung über den Umgang mit Fehlern
Creators: name: Schanz, Simon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Masterarbeit
Bilderbuch
Umgang mit Fehlern

description: In der Schule werden Schüler*innen täglich mit ihren Fehlern konfrontiert. Fehler werden oftmals mit Misserfolg assoziiert und nicht als Lernchance gesehen, welche einen Einblick ins Lernen ermöglichen können. Eine positive Fehlerkultur ist für das Lernen essenziell. Es wurde deshalb eine Bilderbuchgeschichte für die Unterstufe entwickelt, um über Fehler ins Gespräch zu kommen. Die Erhebungen zur Wirkung des Bilderbuches fanden mittels Leitfaden-Interviews statt und umfassten eine Präkonzept-Erhebung und vier Fokus-Gruppen Interviews mit Schüler*innen sowie drei Experten-Interviews. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Fehler aufgrund von Emotionen mit der Person verknüpft, Nutzen von Fehlern erkannt, jedoch der Verbesserungsprozess von den befragten Schüler*innen nicht erwähnt werden. Die Evaluation lässt Rückschlüsse auf die Bedeutung der Fehlerkultur und des aus Fehlern resultierenden Verbesserungs- resp. Lernprozesses zu, und liefert Ideen zur Überarbeitung des Bilderbuches
Intracellular Proton Conductance of the Hepatitis C Virus p7 Protein and Its Contribution to Infectious Virus Production
Creators: name: Wozniak, Ann L.
name: Weinman, Steven A.
name: Rowlands, David
name: Yi, MinKyung
name: Lemon, Stanley M.
name: Griffin, Stephen
name: Harris, Mark
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The hepatitis C virus (HCV) p7 protein is critical for virus production and an attractive antiviral target. p7 is an ion channel when reconstituted in artificial lipid bilayers, but channel function has not been demonstrated in vivo and it is unknown whether p7 channel activity plays a critical role in virus production. To evaluate the contribution of p7 to organelle pH regulation and virus production, we incorporated a fluorescent pH sensor within native, intracellular vesicles in the presence or absence of p7 expression. p7 increased proton (H+) conductance in vesicles and was able to rapidly equilibrate H+ gradients. This conductance was blocked by the viroporin inhibitors amantadine, rimantadine and hexamethylene amiloride. Fluorescence microscopy using pH indicators in live cells showed that both HCV infection and expression of p7 from replicon RNAs reduced the number of highly acidic (pH<5) vesicles and increased lysosomal pH from 4.5 to 6.0. These effects were not present in uninfected cells, sub-genomic replicon cells not expressing p7, or cells electroporated with viral RNA containing a channel-inactive p7 point mutation. The acidification inhibitor, bafilomycin A1, partially restored virus production to cells electroporated with viral RNA containing the channel inactive mutation, yet did not in cells containing p7-deleted RNA. Expression of influenza M2 protein also complemented the p7 mutant, confirming a requirement for H+ channel activity in virus production. Accordingly, exposure to acid pH rendered intracellular HCV particles non-infectious, whereas the infectivity of extracellular virions was acid stable and unaffected by incubation at low pH, further demonstrating a key requirement for p7-induced loss of acidification. We conclude that p7 functions as a H+ permeation pathway, acting to prevent acidification in otherwise acidic intracellular compartments. This loss of acidification is required for productive HCV infection, possibly through protecting nascent virus particles during an as yet uncharacterized maturation process.
Proximity induced ferromagnetism, superconductivity, and finite-size effects on the surface and edge states of topological insulator nanostructures
Creators: name: Sengupta, Parijat
name: Kubis, Tillmann
name: Tan, Yaohua
name: Klimeck, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bi$_{2}$Te$_{3}$ and Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ are well known 3D-topological insulators. Films made of these materials exhibit metal-like surface states with a Dirac dispersion and possess high mobility. The high mobility metal-like surface states can serve as channel material for TI-based field effect transistors. While such a transistor offers superior terminal characteristics, they suffer from an inherent zero band gap problem. The absence of a band gap for the surface states prevents an easy turn-off mechanism. In this work, techniques that can be employed to easily open a band gap for the TI surface states is introduced. Two approaches are described: 1) Coating the surface states with a ferromagnet which has a controllable magnetization axis. The magnetization strength of the ferromagnet is incorporated as an exchange interaction term in the Hamiltonian. 2) An \textit{s}-wave superconductor, because of the proximity effect, when coupled to a 3D-TI opens a band gap on the surface. This TI-superconductor heterostructure is modeled using the Bogoliubov-de Gennes Hamiltonian. A comparison demonstrating the finite size effects on surface states of a 3D-TI and edge states of a CdTe/HgTe/CdTe-based 2D-TI is also presented. 3D-TI nanostructures can be reduced to dimensions as low as 10.0 $ \mathrm{nm} $ in contrast to 2D-TI structures which require a thickness of at least 100.0 $ \mathrm{nm} $. All calculations are performed using the continuum four-band k.p Hamiltonian.
description: 9 pages,12 figures
The anomaly Cu doping effects on LiFeAs superconductors
Creators: name: Xing, L. Y.
name: Miao, H.
name: Wang, X. C.
name: Ma, J.
name: Liu, Q. Q.
name: Deng, Z.
name: Ding, H.
name: Jin, C. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cu substitution effect on the superconductivity of LiFeAs has been studied in comparison with Co/Ni substitution. It is found that the shrinking rate of the lattice parameter c for Cu substitution is much smaller than that of Co/Ni substitution. This is in conjugation with the observation of ARPES that shows almost the same electron and hole Fermi surfaces (FSs) size for undoped and Cu substituted LiFeAs sample except for a very small hole band sinking below Fermi level with doping, indicating little doping effect at Fermi surface by Cu substitution, in sharp contrast to the much effective carrier doping effect by Ni or Co.
description: 19 pages + 5 Figures Accepted by JPCM
Origin and Evolution of Sulfadoxine Resistant Plasmodium falciparum
Creators: name: Ariey, Frederick
name: Sem, Rithy
name: Wongsrichanalai, Chansuda
name: Rogers, William O.
name: Barnwell, John W.
name: Muth, Sinuon
name: Vinayak, Sumiti
name: Meshnick, Steven R.
name: McCollum, Andrea M.
name: Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam
name: Fandeur, Thierry
name: Lim, Pharath
name: Escalante, Ananias A.
name: Shah, Naman K.
name: Alam, Md Tauqeer
name: Mixson-Hayden, Tonya
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The Thailand-Cambodia border is the epicenter for drug-resistant falciparum malaria. Previous studies have shown that chloroquine (CQ) and pyrimethamine resistance originated in this region and eventually spread to other Asian countries and Africa. However, there is a dearth in understanding the origin and evolution of dhps alleles associated with sulfadoxine resistance. The present study was designed to reveal the origin(s) of sulfadoxine resistance in Cambodia and its evolutionary relationship to African and South American dhps alleles. We sequenced 234 Cambodian Plasmodium falciparum isolates for the dhps codons S436A/F, A437G, K540E, A581G and A613S/T implicated in sulfadoxine resistance. We also genotyped 10 microsatellite loci around dhps to determine the genetic backgrounds of various alleles and compared them with the backgrounds of alleles prevalent in Africa and South America. In addition to previously known highly-resistant triple mutant dhps alleles SGEGA and AGEAA (codons 436, 437, 540, 581, 613 are sequentially indicated), a large proportion of the isolates (19.3%) contained a 540N mutation in association with 437G/581G yielding a previously unreported triple mutant allele, SGNGA. Microsatellite data strongly suggest the strength of selection was greater on triple mutant dhps alleles followed by the double and single mutants. We provide evidence for at least three independent origins for the double mutants, one each for the SGKGA, AGKAA and SGEAA alleles. Our data suggest that the triple mutant allele SGEGA and the novel allele SGNGA have common origin on the SGKGA background, whereas the AGEAA triple mutant was derived from AGKAA on multiple, albeit limited, genetic backgrounds. The SGEAA did not share haplotypes with any of the triple mutants. Comparative analysis of the microsatellite haplotypes flanking dhps alleles from Cambodia, Kenya, Cameroon and Venezuela revealed an independent origin of sulfadoxine resistant alleles in each of these regions.
The Killing of African Trypanosomes by Ethidium Bromide
Creators: name: Jensen, Robert E.
name: Shapiro, Theresa A.
name: Tolun, Gökhan
name: Bakshi, Rahul
name: Pappas-Brown, Valeria
name: Griffith, Jack D.
name: Liu, Beiyu
name: Wang, Jianyang
name: Yildirir, Gokben
name: Roy Chowdhury, Arnab
name: Englund, Paul T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Introduced in the 1950s, ethidium bromide (EB) is still used as an anti-trypanosomal drug for African cattle although its mechanism of killing has been unclear and controversial. EB has long been known to cause loss of the mitochondrial genome, named kinetoplast DNA (kDNA), a giant network of interlocked minicircles and maxicircles. However, the existence of viable parasites lacking kDNA (dyskinetoplastic) led many to think that kDNA loss could not be the mechanism of killing. When recent studies indicated that kDNA is indeed essential in bloodstream trypanosomes and that dyskinetoplastic cells survive only if they have a compensating mutation in the nuclear genome, we investigated the effect of EB on kDNA and its replication. We here report some remarkable effects of EB. Using EM and other techniques, we found that binding of EB to network minicircles is low, probably because of their association with proteins that prevent helix unwinding. In contrast, covalently-closed minicircles that had been released from the network for replication bind EB extensively, causing them, after isolation, to become highly supertwisted and to develop regions of left-handed Z-DNA (without EB, these circles are fully relaxed). In vivo, EB causes helix distortion of free minicircles, preventing replication initiation and resulting in kDNA loss and cell death. Unexpectedly, EB also kills dyskinetoplastic trypanosomes, lacking kDNA, by inhibiting nuclear replication. Since the effect on kDNA occurs at a >10-fold lower EB concentration than that on nuclear DNA, we conclude that minicircle replication initiation is likely EB's most vulnerable target, but the effect on nuclear replication may also contribute to cell killing.
Phase Characteristics of the ALMA 3 km Baseline Data
Creators: name: Matsushita, Satoki
name: Asaki, Yoshiharu
name: Kawabe, Ryohei
name: Fomalont, Ed
name: Barkats, Denis
name: Corder, Stuartt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the phase characteristics study of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) long (up to 3 km) baseline, which is the longest baseline tested so far using ALMA. The data consist of long time-scale (10 - 20 minutes) measurements on a strong point source (i.e., bright quasar) at various frequency bands (bands 3, 6, and 7, which correspond to the frequencies of about 88 GHz, 232 GHz, and 336 GHz). Water vapor radiometer (WVR) phase correction works well even at long baselines, and the efficiency is better at higher PWV (>1 mm) condition, consistent with the past studies. We calculate the spatial structure function of phase fluctuation, and display that the phase fluctuation (i.e., rms phase) increases as a function of baseline length, and some data sets show turn-over around several hundred meters to 1 km and being almost constant at longer baselines. This is the first millimeter/submillimeter structure function at this long baseline length, and to show the turn-over of the structure function. Furthermore, the observation of the turn-over indicates that even if the ALMA baseline length extends to the planned longest baseline of 15 km, fringes will be detected at a similar rms phase fluctuation as that at a few km baseline lengths. We also calculate the coherence time using the 3 km baseline data, and the results indicate that the coherence time for band 3 is longer than 400 seconds in most of the data (both in the raw and WVR-corrected data). For bands 6 and 7, WVR-corrected data have about twice longer coherence time, but it is better to use fast switching method to avoid the coherence loss.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Droht das freiwillige Engagement in Jungwacht Blauring Region Basel durch aktuelle Herausforderungen zu schwinden? Eine Analyse und Handlungsempfehlung für die Soziokulturelle Animation
Creators: name: Stebler, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Der Verband Jungwacht Blauring Schweiz, welcher seine Gründung im Jahre 1932 im Baselbiet verzeichnet, ist mittlerweile der zweitgrösste der Schweiz. Mit dem Fokus auf die lokalen Ortsgruppen von Jungwacht Blauring Region Basel, untersucht diese Bachelorarbeit deren aktuelle Situation. Viele aktuellen Themen, wie der Pluralismus, die Digitalisierung und der Leistungsdruck, fordern das freiwillige Engagement der Leitungspersonen heraus. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem freiwilligen Engagement in der verbandlichen Jugendarbeit am Beispiel von Leitungspersonen in Jungwacht Blauring Region Basel. Im Rahmen einer qualitativen Sozialforschung sollen die Ergebnisse Aufschluss über die aktuellen Chancen und Herausforderungen der Scharen geben. Mit sechs auserwählten Scharleitungspersonen aus unterschiedlichen Scharen der Jubla Region Basel, wurden Leitfadeninterviews durchgeführt, welche die Grundlage für die Forschung ergeben haben. Im Diskussionsteil wurden die Ergebnisse unter anderem mit Theorien aus dem Bereich der Freiwilligenarbeit, der Sozialen Arbeit und der Gruppendynamik verglichen. Ziel der Forschung ist die Aufdeckung und damit auch Prävention möglicher schwerwiegender Probleme im freiwilligen Engagement von Jungwacht Blauring Region Basel. Ausserdem werden Empfehlungen an die Praxis der Soziokulturellen Animation abgegeben, wie sie im beschriebenen Rahmen freiwilliges Engagement unterstützen und begleiten kann.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa bask + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Soziokultur, 2023 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202303
MPEC 2023-F230 : 2023 FY10
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 FY10

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Baseline Executive Report on Present Skills Gaps in Shipbuilding and Offshore Renewables Value Chains
Creators: name: Sdoukopoulos, Eleftherios
name: Tsafonias, Giorgos
name: Perra, Vasiliki-Maria
name: Boile, Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: skill gaps
offshore renewable energy
shipbuilding
skills supply
skills mismatch
skills strategy
maritime technologies
occupational profiles
educational and training

description: The objective of the MATES Baseline Report on Present Skill Gaps is to deliver a critical review and analysis of the skills supply and demand mismatch in Europe for the two sectors addressed i.e. shipbuilding and offshore renewable energy. The report is the result of extensive desktop research, industry engagement through regional workshops, a validation workshop, surveys, expert interviews, Focus Group meetings and builds upon the MATES State of the Art Report (D1.2). Access the Full Baseline Report. The MATES Baseline Report on Present Skill Gaps: (a) provides an overview of the current status of the targeted sectors, focusing on aspects that can be mostly affected by skills gaps (e.g. current technological trends, economic growth, sector’s potential for further development, etc.) (b) specifies and describes the phases/segments of the sectors’ value chains (c) maps the existing occupational profiles that are involved in the main sectors’ activities and their corresponding skills and competences, based on European Skills/Competences, Qualifications and Occupations (ESCO) classification (d) examines skills supply by identifying educational and training offers for the academic year of 2018-2019 relevant to these sectors and assessing their curricula and the qualifications they provide (e) investigates skills demand through consultation with the aforementioned industries (i.e. companies, industry associations, industry experts, etc.) (f) identifies skills gaps of the sectors’ workforce and skills mismatch between education and training providers and the industries’ relevant requirements The report provides a solid foundation upon which future MATES activities are based; the building of future scenarios for forecasting skills requirements in the short, medium and long-term as well as the development of relevant Lines of Actions and best practices for effectively addressing these skills gaps through the MATES Pilot Experiences.
MPEC 2023-D63 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 February 25)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
AAV Exploits Subcellular Stress Associated with Inflammation, Endoplasmic Reticulum Expansion, and Misfolded Proteins in Models of Cystic Fibrosis
Creators: name: Samulski, R. Jude
name: Johnson, Jarrod S.
name: Kafri, Tal
name: Zhang, Liqun
name: Kantor, Boris
name: Gentzsch, Martina
name: Pickles, Raymond J.
name: Ribeiro, Carla M. P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Barriers to infection act at multiple levels to prevent viruses, bacteria, and parasites from commandeering host cells for their own purposes. An intriguing hypothesis is that if a cell experiences stress, such as that elicited by inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) expansion, or misfolded proteins, then subcellular barriers will be less effective at preventing viral infection. Here we have used models of cystic fibrosis (CF) to test whether subcellular stress increases susceptibility to adeno-associated virus (AAV) infection. In human airway epithelium cultured at an air/liquid interface, physiological conditions of subcellular stress and ER expansion were mimicked using supernatant from mucopurulent material derived from CF lungs. Using this inflammatory stimulus to recapitulate stress found in diseased airways, we demonstrated that AAV infection was significantly enhanced. Since over 90% of CF cases are associated with a misfolded variant of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (ΔF508-CFTR), we then explored whether the presence of misfolded proteins could independently increase susceptibility to AAV infection. In these models, AAV was an order of magnitude more efficient at transducing cells expressing ΔF508-CFTR than in cells expressing wild-type CFTR. Rescue of misfolded ΔF508-CFTR under low temperature conditions restored viral transduction efficiency to that demonstrated in controls, suggesting effects related to protein misfolding were responsible for increasing susceptibility to infection. By testing other CFTR mutants, G551D, D572N, and 1410X, we have shown this phenomenon is common to other misfolded proteins and not related to loss of CFTR activity. The presence of misfolded proteins did not affect cell surface attachment of virus or influence expression levels from promoter transgene cassettes in plasmid transfection studies, indicating exploitation occurs at the level of virion trafficking or processing. Thus, we surmised that factors enlisted to process misfolded proteins such as ΔF508-CFTR in the secretory pathway also act to restrict viral infection. In line with this hypothesis, we found that AAV trafficked to the microtubule organizing center and localized near Golgi/ER transport proteins. Moreover, AAV infection efficiency could be modulated with siRNA-mediated knockdown of proteins involved in processing ΔF508-CFTR or sorting retrograde cargo from the Golgi and ER (calnexin, KDEL-R, β-COP, and PSMB3). In summary, our data support a model where AAV exploits a compromised secretory system and, importantly, underscore the gravity with which a stressed subcellular environment, under internal or external insults, can impact infection efficiency.
Quality of patient-reported outcome measures for fatigue and ME/CFS in individuals with Post- COVID-19 vaccination syndrome or post COVID-19 condition: Protocol for a systematic review
Creators: name: Piontek, Katharina
name: Feißel, Annemarie
name: Apfelbacher, Christian
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Virus Diseases
subject: Public Health
subject: Diseases
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: COVID-19
subject: ME/CFS
subject: patient-reported outcomes
subject: sytematic review
subject: fatigue

description: This protocol outlines the anticipated steps needed to conduct a systematic review of the quality of all available PROMs for fatigue and ME/CFS in individuals with PCVS or PCC. To find the most suitable PROM, the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) methodology for the systematic assessment of measurement properties of PROMs will be used.
Making Your Data FAIR - Showcase of the DANS Data Station for the Social Sciences and Humanities
Creators: name: Braukmann, Ricarda
name: Touber, Jetze
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Trustworthy Digital Repository
FAIR Data
Open Science

description: This flashtalk presentation was created for the ODISSEI Conference 2023 taking place on the 2nd of november 2023 in Utrecht. 
Abstract of the presentation:
Showcase of the DANS Data Station for the Social Sciences and HumanitiesRicarda Braukmann, Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS); Jetze Touber, Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)DANS is the Dutch national centre of expertise and repository for research data. Our domain-specific data archiving and publishing services enable researchers and data stewards to make their data FAIR and share them for reuse where possible. In this presentation, we would like to showcase our new repository: the DANS Data Station Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH). The release of the DANS Data Station SSH is part of the transition from our previous system EASY to a new repository system based on the open source software Dataverse. The Data Station has a number of new features and improvements that make it easier to archive, publish and find data:– When depositing data, researchers have the option to restrict access to particular files if they cannot be openly shared. The data station also allows for new versions of a dataset if the research is updated.– Detailed information about the datasets can be added in various metadata fields and we support SSH-specific vocabularies such as the European Language Social Science Thesaurus (ELSST) and vocabularies from CESSDA, the Consortium of European Social Science Data Archives.– Datasets are assigned with Persistent Identifiers and the metadata is automatically transferred to the ODISSEI Portal and European data portals to make data findable for others.– Finding relevant data in the Data Station is supported through full text and advanced search and various filter options. PDFs, images and videos can be previewed directly.In this presentation, we will demo these and other features of the Data Station and guide the audience through the process of archiving and finding data for reuse. We will elaborate on the importance of archiving and publishing data in a trustworthy digital repository like our Data Station and how this supports FAIR data and Open Science.
F-Theory on all Toric Hypersurface Fibrations and its Higgs Branches
Creators: name: Klevers, Denis
name: Pena, Damian Kaloni Mayorga
name: Oehlmann, Paul-Konstantin
name: Piragua, Hernan
name: Reuter, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider F-theory compactifications on genus-one fibered Calabi-Yau manifolds with their fibers realized as hypersurfaces in the toric varieties associated to the 16 reflexive 2D polyhedra. We present a base-independent analysis of the codimension one, two and three singularities of these fibrations. We use these geometric results to determine the gauge groups, matter representations, 6D matter multiplicities and 4D Yukawa couplings of the corresponding effective theories. All these theories have a non-trivial gauge group and matter content. We explore the network of Higgsings relating these theories. Such Higgsings geometrically correspond to extremal transitions induced by blow-ups in the 2D toric varieties. We recover the 6D effective theories of all 16 toric hypersurface fibrations by repeatedly Higgsing the theories that exhibit Mordell-Weil torsion. We find that the three Calabi-Yau manifolds without section, whose fibers are given by the toric hypersurfaces in P^2, P^1x P^1 and the recently studied P^2(1,1,2), yield F-theory realizations of SUGRA theories with discrete gauge groups Z_3, Z_2 and Z_4. This opens up a whole new arena for model building with discrete global symmetries in F-theory. In these three manifolds, we also find codimension two I_2-fibers supporting matter charged only under these discrete gauge groups. Their 6D matter multiplicities are computed employing ideal techniques and the associated Jacobian fibrations. We also show that the Jacobian of the biquadric fibration has one rational section, yielding one U(1)-gauge field in F-theory. Furthermore, the elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau manifold based on dP_1 has a U(1)-gauge field induced by a non-toric rational section. In this model, we find the first F-theory realization of matter with U(1)-charge q=3.
description: 129 pages, 32 figures, 44 tables v2: minor changes, references added
Disruption of TLR3 Signaling Due to Cleavage of TRIF by the Hepatitis A Virus Protease-Polymerase Processing Intermediate, 3CD
Creators: name: Feng, Zongdi
name: Lemon, Stanley M.
name: Li, Kui
name: Qu, Lin
name: Liang, Yuqiong
name: Yamane, Daisuke
name: Lanford, Robert E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and cytosolic RIG-I-like helicases (RIG-I and MDA5) sense viral RNAs and activate innate immune signaling pathways that induce expression of interferon (IFN) through specific adaptor proteins, TIR domain-containing adaptor inducing interferon-β (TRIF), and mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS), respectively. Previously, we demonstrated that hepatitis A virus (HAV), a unique hepatotropic human picornavirus, disrupts RIG-I/MDA5 signaling by targeting MAVS for cleavage by 3ABC, a precursor of the sole HAV protease, 3Cpro, that is derived by auto-processing of the P3 (3ABCD) segment of the viral polyprotein. Here, we show that HAV also disrupts TLR3 signaling, inhibiting poly(I:C)-stimulated dimerization of IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3), IRF-3 translocation to the nucleus, and IFN-β promoter activation, by targeting TRIF for degradation by a distinct 3ABCD processing intermediate, the 3CD protease-polymerase precursor. TRIF is proteolytically cleaved by 3CD, but not by the mature 3Cpro protease or the 3ABC precursor that degrades MAVS. 3CD-mediated degradation of TRIF depends on both the cysteine protease activity of 3Cpro and downstream 3Dpol sequence, but not 3Dpol polymerase activity. Cleavage occurs at two non-canonical 3Cpro recognition sequences in TRIF, and involves a hierarchical process in which primary cleavage at Gln-554 is a prerequisite for scission at Gln-190. The results of mutational studies indicate that 3Dpol sequence modulates the substrate specificity of the upstream 3Cpro protease when fused to it in cis in 3CD, allowing 3CD to target cleavage sites not normally recognized by 3Cpro. HAV thus disrupts both RIG-I/MDA5 and TLR3 signaling pathways through cleavage of essential adaptor proteins by two distinct protease precursors derived from the common 3ABCD polyprotein processing intermediate.
HIV-1 Replication in the Central Nervous System Occurs in Two Distinct Cell Types
Creators: name: Swanstrom, Ronald
name: Schnell, Gretja
name: Spudich, Serena
name: Joseph, Sarah
name: Price, Richard W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of the central nervous system (CNS) can lead to the development of HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD). We examined the virological characteristics of HIV-1 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of HAD subjects to explore the association between independent viral replication in the CNS and the development of overt dementia. We found that genetically compartmentalized CCR5-tropic (R5) T cell-tropic and macrophage-tropic HIV-1 populations were independently detected in the CSF of subjects diagnosed with HIV-1-associated dementia. Macrophage-tropic HIV-1 populations were genetically diverse, representing established CNS infections, while R5 T cell-tropic HIV-1 populations were clonally amplified and associated with pleocytosis. R5 T cell-tropic viruses required high levels of surface CD4 to enter cells, and their presence was correlated with rapid decay of virus in the CSF with therapy initiation (similar to virus in the blood that is replicating in activated T cells). Macrophage-tropic viruses could enter cells with low levels of CD4, and their presence was correlated with slow decay of virus in the CSF, demonstrating a separate long-lived cell as the source of the virus. These studies demonstrate two distinct virological states inferred from the CSF virus in subjects diagnosed with HAD. Finally, macrophage-tropic viruses were largely restricted to the CNS/CSF compartment and not the blood, and in one case we were able to identify the macrophage-tropic lineage as a minor variant nearly two years before its expansion in the CNS. These results suggest that HIV-1 variants in CSF can provide information about viral replication and evolution in the CNS, events that are likely to play an important role in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.
In vivo Hypoxia and a Fungal Alcohol Dehydrogenase Influence the Pathogenesis of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis
Creators: name: Cramer, Robert A.
name: Grahl, Nora
name: Gamcsik, Michael P.
name: Puttikamonkul, Srisombat
name: Hohl, Tobias M.
name: Ngo, Lisa Y.
name: Macdonald, Jeffrey M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Currently, our knowledge of how pathogenic fungi grow in mammalian host environments is limited. Using a chemotherapeutic murine model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) and 1H-NMR metabolomics, we detected ethanol in the lungs of mice infected with Aspergillus fumigatus. This result suggests that A. fumigatus is exposed to oxygen depleted microenvironments during infection. To test this hypothesis, we utilized a chemical hypoxia detection agent, pimonidazole hydrochloride, in three immunologically distinct murine models of IPA (chemotherapeutic, X-CGD, and corticosteroid). In all three IPA murine models, hypoxia was observed during the course of infection. We next tested the hypothesis that production of ethanol in vivo by the fungus is involved in hypoxia adaptation and fungal pathogenesis. Ethanol deficient A. fumigatus strains showed no growth defects in hypoxia and were able to cause wild type levels of mortality in all 3 murine models. However, lung immunohistopathology and flow cytometry analyses revealed an increase in the inflammatory response in mice infected with an alcohol dehydrogenase null mutant strain that corresponded with a reduction in fungal burden. Consequently, in this study we present the first in vivo observations that hypoxic microenvironments occur during a pulmonary invasive fungal infection and observe that a fungal alcohol dehydrogenase influences fungal pathogenesis in the lung. Thus, environmental conditions encountered by invading pathogenic fungi may result in substantial fungal metabolism changes that influence subsequent host immune responses.