cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Red list of threatened vascular plants in Italy
Creators: name: Orsenigo, Simone
name: Fenu, Giuseppe
name: Gargano, Domenico
name: Montagnani, Chiara
name: Abeli, Thomas
name: Alessandrini, Alessandro
name: Bacchetta, Gianluigi
name: Bartolucci, Fabrizio
name: Carta, Angelino
name: Miris Castello
name: Cogoni, Donatella
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Gianniantonio Domina
name: Foggi, Bruno
name: Gennai, Matilde
name: Gigante, Daniela
name: Iberite, Mauro
name: Peruzzi, Lorenzo
name: Pinna, Maria Silvia
name: Prosser, Filippo
name: Santangelo, Annalisa
name: Selvaggi, Alberto
name: Stinca, Adriano
name: Mariacristina Villani
name: Wagensommer, Robert P.
name: Tartaglini, Nicoletta
name: Duprè, Eugenio
name: Blasi, Carlo
name: Rossi, Graziano
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Italy has a rich natural heritage, which is dangerously under pressure. In recent years, there is an increased awareness of the crucial role of plants in ecosystem functioning and in providing ecosystem services. Consequently, an updated Red List of the Italian vascular flora was compiled in this work, at the request of the Ministry for Environment, Land and Sea Protection, with the scientific support of the Italian Botanical Society. The IUCN Red List criteria were applied to 2,430 Italian native vascular plant taxa to assess their current extinction risk and to highlight the major threats affecting the Italian flora. Our results revealed that 54 taxa (2.2% of the assessed taxa) are extinct or possibly extinct at regional level, while 590 taxa (24.3%) were assigned to a risk category. Moreover, 404 taxa (16.6%) were categorized as Data Deficient. The Italian vascular flora is primarily threatened by habitat modifications due to anthropic disturbance and, especially, to agriculture, tourism and residential development. Coastal areas and lowlands, where anthropogenic impacts and ecosystem destruction are more pronounced, host the greatest number of extinct or declining taxa. Our results represent an important baseline to establish conservation priorities, legislative choices and intervention strategies on a national scale.
SUSY-QCD effects on neutralino dark matter annihilation beyond scalar or gaugino mass unification
Creators: name: Herrmann, Bjorn
name: Klasen, Michael
name: Kovarik, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe in detail our calculation of the full supersymmetric (SUSY) QCD corrections to neutralino annihilation into heavy quarks and extend our numerical analysis of the resulting dark matter relic density to scenarios without scalar or gaugino mass unification. In these scenarios, the final state is often composed of top quarks and the annihilation proceeds through Z^0-boson or scalar top-quark exchanges. The impact of the corrections is again shown to be sizable, so that they must be taken into account systematically in global analyses of the supersymmetry parameter space.
description: 27 pages
Measurement of the Nucleon Structure Function F2 in the Nuclear Medium and Evaluation of its Moments
Creators: name: Osipenko, M.
name: Collaboration, CLAS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the measurement of inclusive electron scattering off a carbon target performed with CLAS at Jefferson Laboratory. A combination of three different beam energies 1.161, 2.261 and 4.461 GeV allowed us to reach an invariant mass of the final-state hadronic system W~2.4 GeV with four-momentum transfers Q2 ranging from 0.2 to 5 GeV2. These data, together with previous measurements of the inclusive electron scattering off proton and deuteron, which cover a similar continuous two-dimensional region of Q2 and Bjorken variable x, permit the study of nuclear modifications of the nucleon structure. By using these, as well as other world data, we evaluated the F2 structure function and its moments. Using an OPE-based twist expansion, we studied the Q2-evolution of the moments, obtaining a separation of the leading-twist and the total higher-twist terms. The carbon-to-deuteron ratio of the leading-twist contributions to the F2 moments exhibits the well known EMC effect, compatible with that discovered previously in x-space. The total higher-twist term in the carbon nucleus appears, although with large systematic uncertainites, to be smaller with respect to the deuteron case for n<7, suggesting partial parton deconfinement in nuclear matter. We speculate that the spatial extension of the nucleon is changed when it is immersed in the nuclear medium.
description: 37 pages, 15 figures
title: Quantifying and Typifying Image Use in Television News Coverage of Mass Shootings
Creators: name: Hudd, Ellie Catherine
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Increasing research supports the presence of a contagion effect among mass shootings, wherein extensive media coverage of mass shootings may inspire future mass shooters, many of whom view this coverage as a form of reward. Furthermore, two awareness campaigns–one from the private sector and one from law enforcement–have advocated against naming and depicting the shooter in media coverage of mass shootings. This study is theoretically grounded in second-level agenda-setting as the basis for a content analysis of three days of television news coverage of two mass shootings in the United States (one in El Paso, Texas and one in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) across six channels. News segments were coded for how often they depicted the shooter, first responders, victims (those in the facility during the shooting who survived the event), deceased, and the shooter’s manifesto. Segments were also coded for whether they contained graphic imagery and whether they depicted dead bodies. The results of this analysis show that while the shooter was the least frequently depicted of the individuals coded, mentions of the shooter reached a mean of 8 depictions per segment. Findings on graphic image use suggest that in the shooting where use of graphic imagery is high (El Paso), it was significantly higher on the first two days of coverage than on the third.
description: © 2020 Ellie Catherine Hudd
The Fayet-Iliopoulos term and nonlinear self-duality
Creators: name: Kuzenko, Sergei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The N = 1 supersymmetric Born-Infeld action is known to describe the vector Goldstone multiplet for partially broken N = 2 rigid supersymmetry, and this model is believed to be unique. However, it can be deformed by adding the Fayet-Iliopoulos term without losing the second nonlinearly realized supersymmetry. Although the first supersymmetry then becomes spontaneously broken, the deformed action still describes partial N = 2 to N = 1 supersymmetry breaking. The unbroken supercharges in this theory correspond to a different choice of N = 1 subspace in the N = 2 superspace, as compared with the undeformed case. Implications of the Fayet-Iliopoulos term for general models for self-dual nonlinear supersymmetric electrodynamics are discussed. The known ubiquitous appearance of the Volkov-Akulov action in such models is explained. We also present a two-parameter duality-covariant deformation of the N = 1 supersymmetric Born-Infeld action as a model for partial breaking of N = 2 supersymmetry.
description: 12 pages, no figures; V2: references and comments added; V3: published version
A comparative study of phytotoxic effects of metal oxide (CuO, ZnO and NiO) nanoparticles on in-vitro grown Abelmoschus esculentus
Creators: name: Venkidasamy Baskar
name: Nayeem Safia
name: Kuppuraj Sree Preethy
name: Selvaraj Dhivya
name: Thiruvengadam, Muthu
name: Sathishkumar, Ramalingam
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: The extensive use of nanoparticles (NPs) in various industrial and household products pose a threat of their release into the environment. Plants being sessile are prone to be directly affected by these nanomaterials in polluted soils, which may represent possible risks to food safety and human health. In the present study, we compared the phytotoxic effects of metal oxide NPs namely nickel oxide (NiO), copper oxide (CuO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs at four varying concentrations (100, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/L) on in-vitro grown seedlings of Abelmoschus esculentus (okra). All the NPs tested demonstrated a suppressed plant growth in a concentration-dependent manner which was evidenced from the repression of shoot and root length. A decrease in chlorophyll content was recorded in the NP-treated plants. Anthocyanin contents, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were significantly altered in the NP-treated plants. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was monitored in the roots of NP-treated plants using 4-nitro blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) and 3, 3′-diaminobenzidine (DAB) staining, demonstrated an increase in ROS production in a dose-dependent manner in plants exposed to all three NPs. Enhanced ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) production was recorded in A. esculentus seedlings when exposed to NPs. Among the three metal oxide NPs compared in the study, NiO NPs were found to be more toxic than CuO and ZnO ones.
Theory for stability and regulation of epigenetic landscapes
Creators: name: Micheelsen, Mille A.
name: Mitarai, Namiko
name: Sneppen, Kim
name: Dodd, Ian. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cells can often choose among several stably heritable phenotypes. Examples are the expression of genes in eukaryotic cells where long chromosomal regions can adopt persistent and heritable silenced or active states, that may be associated with positive feedback in dynamic modification of nucleosomes. We generalize this mechanism in terms of bistability associated with valleys in an epigenetic landscape. A transfer matrix method was used to rigorously follow the system through the disruptive process of cell division. This combined treatment of noisy dynamics both between and during cell division provides an efficient way to calculate the stability of alternative states in a broad range of epigenetic systems.
description: references added
Rational approximations in Analytic QCD
Creators: name: Cvetic, Gorazd
name: Martinez, Hector E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the ``modified Minimal Analytic'' (mMA) coupling that involves an infrared cut to the standard MA coupling. The mMA coupling is a Stieltjes function and, as a consequence, the paradiagonal Pade approximants converge to the coupling in the entire $Q^2$-plane except on the time-like semiaxis below the cut. The equivalence between the narrow width approximation of the discontinuity function of the coupling, on the one hand, and this Pade (rational) approximation of the coupling, on the other hand, is shown. We approximate the analytic analogs of the higher powers of mMA coupling by rational functions in such a way that the singularity region is respected by the approximants.Several comparisons, for real and complex arguments $Q^2$, between the exact and approximate expressions are made and the speed of convergence is discussed. Motivated by the success of these approximants, an improvement of the mMA coupling is suggested, and possible uses in the reproduction of experimental data are discussed.
description: 12 pages,9 figures (6 double figures); figs.6-8 corrected due to a programming error; analysis extended to two IR cutoffs; Introduction rewritten; to appear in J.Phys.G
Additional file 2 of The effect of hemolysis on quality control metrics for noninvasive prenatal testing
Creators: name: Guo, Yaya
name: Yu, Dandan
name: Zhou, Kaisu
name: Wang, Jie
name: Lei, Dongzhu
name: Xu, Zhenpeng
name: Tang, Weijiang
name: Wu, Miaofeng
name: Fang, Xingxing
name: Shen, Jiankun
name: Peng, Zhiyu
name: Xiang, Jiale
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 2. The CNV plot of NIPT and prenatal diagnosis of sub-chromosomal CNVs hemolyzed sample 2.
Uncovering the community structure associated with the diffusion dynamics of networks
Creators: name: Cheng, Xue-Qi
name: Shen, Hua-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As two main focuses of the study of complex networks, the community structure and the dynamics on networks have both attracted much attention in various scientific fields. However, it is still an open question how the community structure is associated with the dynamics on complex networks. In this paper, through investigating the diffusion process taking place on networks, we demonstrate that the intrinsic community structure of networks can be revealed by the stable local equilibrium states of the diffusion process. Furthermore, we show that such community structure can be directly identified through the optimization of the conductance of network, which measures how easily the diffusion occurs among different communities. Tests on benchmark networks indicate that the conductance optimization method significantly outperforms the modularity optimization methods at identifying the community structure of networks. Applications on real world networks also demonstrate the effectiveness of the conductance optimization method. This work provides insights into the multiple topological scales of complex networks, and the obtained community structure can naturally reflect the diffusion capability of the underlying network.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of InflamNat: web-based database and predictor of anti-inflammatory natural products
Creators: name: Zhang, Ruihan
name: Ren, Shoupeng
name: Dai, Qi
name: Shen, Tianze
name: Li, Xiaoli
name: Li, Jin
name: Xiao, Weilie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Introduction and user guide of the InflamNat website was also provided as supporting information.
Significant reduction of electronic correlations upon isovalent Ru substitution of BaFe2As2
Creators: name: Brouet, V.
name: Rullier-Albenque, F.
name: Marsi, M.
name: Mansart, B.
name: Aichhorn, M.
name: Biermann, S.
name: Faure, J.
name: Perfetti, L.
name: Taleb-Ibrahimi, A.
name: Fevre, P. Le
name: Bertran, F.
name: Forget, A.
name: Colson, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed investigation of Ba(Fe0.65Ru0.35)2As2 by transport measurements and Angle Resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We observe that Fe and Ru orbitals hybridize to form a coherent electronic structure and that Ru does not induce doping. The number of holes and electrons, deduced from the area of the Fermi Surface pockets, are both about twice larger than in BaFe2As2. The contribution of both carriers to the transport is evidenced by a change of sign of the Hall coefficient with decreasing temperature. Fermi velocities increase significantly with respect to BaFe2As2, suggesting a significant reduction of correlation effects. This may be a key to understand the appearance of superconductivity at the expense of magnetism in undoped iron pnictides.
Comparisons of the radial distributions of core-collapse supernovae with those of young and old stellar populations
Creators: name: Anderson, J. P.
name: James, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observational constraints on the nature of core-collapse supernovae through an investigation into their radial distributions with respect to those of young and old stellar populations within their host galaxies, as traced by H-alpha emission and R-band light respectively. We discuss results and the implications they have on the nature of supernova progenitors, for a sample of 177 core-collapse supernovae. We find that the radial positions of the overall core-collapse population closely follow the radial distribution of H-alpha emission, implying that both are excellent tracers of star formation within galaxies. Within this overall distribution we find that there is a central deficit of SNII which is offset by a central excess of SNIb/c. This implies a strong metallicity dependence on the relative production of the two types, with SNIb/c arising from higher metallicity progenitors than SNII. Separating the SNIb/c into individual classes we find that a trend emerges in terms of progenitor metallicity going from SNII through SNIb to SNIc, with the latter arising from the highest metallicity progenitors.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
R^4 counterterm and E7(7) symmetry in maximal supergravity
Creators: name: Broedel, J.
name: Dixon, L. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coefficient of a potential R^4 counterterm in N=8 supergravity has been shown previously to vanish in an explicit three-loop calculation. The R^4 term respects N=8 supersymmetry; hence this result poses the question of whether another symmetry could be responsible for the cancellation of the three-loop divergence. In this article we investigate possible restrictions from the coset symmetry E7(7)/SU(8), exploring the limits as a single scalar becomes soft, as well as a double-soft scalar limit relation derived recently by Arkani-Hamed et al. We implement these relations for the matrix elements of the R^4 term that occurs in the low-energy expansion of closed-string tree-level amplitudes. We find that the matrix elements of R^4 that we investigated all obey the double-soft scalar limit relation, including certain non-maximally-helicity-violating six-point amplitudes. However, the single-soft limit does not vanish for this latter set of amplitudes, which suggests that the E7(7) symmetry is broken by the R^4 term.
description: 33 pages, typos corrected, published version
QUANTUM TUNNELING SENSORS
Creators: name: Marek, Michalewicz
name: Glowacki, P.
name: Singh, N.
name: Balakumar, S.
name: Gosvami, N.N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007

description: Realisation of the first working sensor based on quantum tunneling between arrays of nanowires[1,2,3] is presented. The sensing element consists of 12,000 nanowires, each 90 nm wide and 5 mm long (~1:55,000 aspect ratio), on an area
 of 5 x 4.3 mm. The sensing element was fabricated using phase shift mask lithography and dry etch processes followed by CMP. Characterisation was carried with SEM and AFM.
 The first devices we built were configured as linear encoders of position and motion. The devices performance was demonstrated with electrical testing using an independent nanopositioner. Strong signals in μA range were obtained on scans from several hundred nm to several mm range.
 The principle of operation can be utilized for trunsduction of dynamic quantities such as vibration, acceleration, pressure, flow and others when timer mechanism is inbuilt or harmonic analysis of signal is implemented. Dynamic quantum tunneling nanoTrek® devices depending on final configuration may be designed and built to function as:
 • wireless networks smart sensors for motion detection and perimeter security;
 • sonobuoys for Navy;
 • vibration sensors in perimeter security sensing, ship building, air-foil testing, building stability;
 • accelerometers and gyroscopes for inertial guidance systems, missile guidance, aviation, shipping and automotive;
 • image stabilization systems in optical devices in infra-red, night vision, vehicle mounted, cameras and video;
 • ultra sensitive microphones for intelligence, medicine or mobile phones;
 • displacement and tremor sensors in nuclear test monitoring, mining, mineral exploration, geology, tectonics; or
 • seismometers for early earthquake warning systems or tsunami detection.
Helis Academy: Data Analysis and Stewardship Training
Creators: name: Neves, Rita
name: Dupuis, Lauren
name: Ehrhart, Friederike
name: Botzki, Alexander
name: Tuur Muyldermans
name: Baute, Joke
name: Bosnacki, Dragan
name: Staiger, Christine
name: Weffers, Harold
name: Chirs Evelo
name: Gelder, Celia Van
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Life Sciences
subject: Health
subject: Machine Learning
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Omics Data Analysis
subject: Fair Data Stewardship
subject: Career development
subject: Virtual Trainings

description: Presentation at the ELIXIR-NL Session about Data Analysis and Stewardship Training at the BioSB Conference 2020 (https://www.aanmelder.nl/biosb2020).
Additional file 1 of The effect of hemolysis on quality control metrics for noninvasive prenatal testing
Creators: name: Guo, Yaya
name: Yu, Dandan
name: Zhou, Kaisu
name: Wang, Jie
name: Lei, Dongzhu
name: Xu, Zhenpeng
name: Tang, Weijiang
name: Wu, Miaofeng
name: Fang, Xingxing
name: Shen, Jiankun
name: Peng, Zhiyu
name: Xiang, Jiale
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. The CNV plot of NIPT and prenatal diagnosis of sub-chromosomal CNVs hemolyzed sample 1.
Sequential multi-photon strategy for semiconductor-based terahertz detectors
Creators: name: Castellano, F.
name: Iotti, R. C.
name: Rossi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A semiconductor-based terahertz-detector strategy, exploiting a bound-to-bound-to-continuum architecture, is presented and investigated. In particular, a ladder of equidistant energy levels is employed, whose step is tuned to the desired detection frequency and allows for sequential multi-photon absorption. Our theoretical analysis demonstrates that the proposed multi-subband scheme could represent a promising alternative to conventional quantum-well infrared photodetectors in the terahertz spectral region.
description: Submitted to Journal of Applied Physics
Luttinger-Ward functional approach in the Eliashberg framework : A systematic derivation of scaling for thermodynamics near a quantum critical point
Creators: name: Benlagra, A.
name: Kim, K. -S.
name: Pépin, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scaling expressions for the free energy are derived, using the Luttinger-Ward (LW) functional approach in the Eliashberg framework, for two different models of quantum critical point (QCP). First, we consider the spin-density-wave (SDW) model for which the effective theory is the Hertz-Moriya-Millis (HMM) theory, describing the interaction between itinerant electrons and collective spin fluctuations. The dynamic of the latter are described by a dynamical exponent $z$ depending on the nature of the transition. Second, we consider the Kondo breakdown model for QCP's, one possible scenario for heavy-fermion quantum transitions, for which the effective theory is given by a gauge theory in terms of conduction electrons, spinons for localized spins, holons for hybridization fluctuations, and gauge bosons for collective spin excitations. For both models, we construct the thermodynamic potential, in the whole phase diagram, including all kinds of self-energy corrections in a self-consistent way, at the one loop level. We show how Eliashberg framework emerges at this level and use the resulting Eliashberg equations to simplify the LW expression for free energy . it is found that collective boson excitations play a central role. The scaling expression for the singular part of the free energy near the Kondo breakdown QCP is characterized by two length scales : one is the correlation length for hybridization fluctuations, and the other is that for gauge fluctuations, analogous to the penetration depth in superconductors.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures + 1 added in final version as published in J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
Positrons from cosmic rays interactions and dark matter annihilations
Creators: name: Lineros, Roberto Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron and positron cosmic rays puzzle has triggered a revolution in the field of astroparticle physics. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain the unexpected rise of the positron fraction, observed by HEAT and PAMELA experiments, for energies larger than few GeVs. In this work, we study sources of positron cosmic rays related to annihilation of dark matter and secondary production. In both cases, we consider the impact of uncertainties related to dark matter physics, nuclear physics and propagation of cosmic rays, finding that the largest uncertainties come from propagation. We find that some key features present in the positron signal from dark matter annihilation are preserved even though the uncertainties. In addition, we study the stability of the positron fraction under small variations of the electron flux, which is usually considered as known, we found that considering just the observational uncertainties in the electron flux is enough to changed dramatically the positron fraction in the energy range were the excess is observed.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures. Accepted in Nuovo Cimento B for the INFN "Sergio Fubini Award" 2009. Revised version
Deconfinement of neutron star matter within the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model
Creators: name: Lugones, G.
name: Grunfeld, A. G.
name: Scoccola, N. N.
name: Villavicencio, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the deconfinement transition of hadronic matter into quark matter under neutron star conditions assuming color and flavor conservation during the transition. We use a two-phase description. For the hadronic phase we use different parameterizations of a non-linear Walecka model which includes the whole baryon octet. For the quark matter phase we use an SU(3)_f Nambu-Jona-Lasinio effective model including color superconductivity. Deconfinement is considered to be a first order phase transition that conserves color and flavor. It gives a short-lived transitory colorless-quark-phase that is not in beta-equilibrium, and decays to a stable configuration in tau ~ tau_{weak} ~ 10^{-8} s. However, in spite of being very short lived, the transition to this intermediate phase determines the onset of the transition inside neutron stars. We find the transition free-energy density for temperatures typical of neutron star interiors. We also find the critical mass above which compact stars should contain a quark core and below which they are safe with respect to a sudden transition to quark matter. Rather independently on the stiffness of the hadronic equation of state (EOS) we find that the critical mass of hadronic stars (without trapped neutrinos) is in the range of ~ 1.5 - 1.8 solar masses. This is in coincidence with previous results obtained within the MIT Bag model.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Datura stramonium-tropic acid biosynthesis
Creators: name: Johnson, Anker Lenard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A pathway for the biosynthesis of tropic acid from tryptophan in Datura Stramonium has been proposed by Goodeve, and was supported by Hamon. The purpose of this investigation was to determine quantitatively the percentage of incorporation of tryptophan into tropic acid. This was attempted using vacuum infiltration and sterile root culture techniques with autoradiography being utilized to identify the radioactive metabolites. Tryptophan was not found to be converted to tropic acid under the experimental conditions used in this investigation. The purpose of this investigation was also to extract crude enzyme preparations which would convert certain postulated intermediate compounds into tropic acid. The conversion of a-phenyl-3-aminopropionic acid to atropic acid and the conversion of atropic acid to tropic acid was attempted. The enzyme extracts of Datura Stramonium root tissues were prepared from acetone powders, from fresh tissue, and from freeze-dried tissues. These extracts did not show any activity in vitro. It is concluded that some differences existed between the tissues used in the present investigation and those used in previous work.
A Universal Inequality for CFT and Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Hellerman, Simeon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that every unitary two-dimensional conformal field theory (with no extended chiral algebra, and with central charges c_L, c_R > 1) contains a primary operator with dimension Delta_1 that satisfies 0 < Delta_1 < (c_L + c_R)/12 + 0.473695. Translated into gravitational language using the AdS_3 /CFT_2 dictionary, our result proves rigorously that the lightest massive excitation in any theory of 3D gravity with cosmological constant Lambda < 0 can be no heavier than 1/(4 G_N) + o(|Lambda|^(1/2)). In the flat-space approximation, this limiting mass is twice that of the lightest BTZ black hole. The derivation of the bound applies at finite central charge for the CFT, and does not rely on an asymptotic expansion at large central charge. Neither does our proof rely on any special property of the CFT such as supersymmetry or holomorphic factorization, nor on any bulk interpretation in terms of string theory or semiclassical gravity. Our only assumptions are unitarity and modular invariance of the dual CFT. Our proof demonstrates for the first time that there exists a universal center-of-mass energy beyond which a theory of "pure" quantum gravity can never consistently be extended.
description: 40 pages, 4 figures, minor changes
Dynamical self-stabilization of the Mott insulator: Time evolution of the density and entanglement entropy of out-of-equilibrium cold fermion gases
Creators: name: Karlsson, Daniel
name: Verdozzi, Claudio
name: Odashima, Mariana M.
name: Capelle, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time evolution of the out-of-equilibrium Mott insulator is investigated numerically through calculations of space-time resolved density and entropy profiles resulting from the release of a gas of ultracold fermionic atoms from an optical trap. For adiabatic, moderate and sudden switching-off of the trapping potential, the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of the Mott insulator is found to differ profoundly from that of the band insulator and the metallic phase, displaying a self-induced stability that is robust within a wide range of densities, system sizes and interaction strengths. The connection between the entanglement entropy and changes of phase, known for equilibrium situations, is found to extend to the out-of-equilibrium regime. Finally, the relation between the system's long time behavior and the thermalization limit is analyzed.
description: 5 color figures
A computational pipeline to identify complex disease signals in whole exome sequencing data
Creators: name: Wang, Yanran
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: The recent improvement in high throughput sequencing technologies has led to the sharp decrease in the cost of sequencing and, thus, to accumulation of large deposits of genome sequence data. Protein coding DNA accounts for roughly 2% of the entire human genome and is often assessed using whole exome sequencing (WES). Genetic variants within the coding regions may have an effect on protein function, as well as contribute to disease. Unlike Mendelian diseases, which are caused by alterations of a single gene, complex diseases are determined by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Traditional linkage or association analysis may thus not be able to capture the biological pathways underlying disease pathogenesis. Here I hypothesize that function-driven machine learning-based analysis of the exome data can help elucidate these pathogenesis pathways underlying complex diseases.I built a computational pipeline, AVA,Dx (Analysis of Variation for Association with Disease), a machine learning based method for identifying disease signal. AVA,Dx also estimates predisposition for complex diseases, including Crohn’s disease (CD), Venous Thromboembolism (VTE), and Tourette’s disorder (TD). AVA,Dx was initially developed using exomes of CD vs. HC (healthy control) individuals and showed excellent performance in discriminating between the two classes in all training and testing sets. Genes identified by AVA,Dx were statistically significantly overrepresented in known CD pathways. Additionally, the method pinpointed several novel, i.e. previously unidentified, CD genes. I further evaluated unsupervised AVA,Dx using VTE exome data attaining better risk estimates than genome wide association study (GWAS)-based polygenic risk scoring. Lastly, I built a generalized AVA,Dx pipeline and tested it with the TD exome data, identifying several likely pathogenesis pathways. These pathways overlapped across two independent cohorts and indicated a shared genetic background for TD predisposition. The collection of these results confirms my hypothesis, highlighting the relevance of genome-encoded functional changes to disease predisposition.
A study of the autonomous behaviour of sex-linked temperature-sensitive lethal mutants in drossophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Hayashi, Shizu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The autonomous behaviour of sex-linked recessive temperature-sensitive lethal mutants in Drosophila melanogaster could be demonstrated by the presence of mosaic patches of tissue hemizygous for the mutant created by loss of a ring X chromosome in cells at the permissive temperature (21.5°C) and the absence of such patches at the restrictive temperature (29°C), The presence of patches at both temperatures indicated that the mutant was non-autonomous. Such non-autonomous behaviour might be attributed to the existence of a substance capable of diffusing from the wild type tissue to supplement the mutant tissue. The experiments carried out showed that the presence or absence of mosaic patches could not be directly interpreted as demonstration of autonomous or non-autonomous properties of the mutant. Other factors such as the time of activity of the ts mutant and the type of tissue undergoing ring X loss affected mosaic tissue production. Therefore, the mere presence of mosaic tissue at 29°C could not be used as a criterion for the non-autonomous behaviour of the ts mutants. However, these mutants can be graded according to the degree of autonomy of ts lethality after alterations due to XO survival frequencies, lethal periods, and temperature-sensitive periods have been placed onmosaic frequencies at 29°C. Of the thirteen ts mutants studied, six can he classed as autonomous lethals. The others are equally autonomous as lethals but only in specific tissues, while others do not appear to be as autonomous. In fact, one of these may be considered non-autonomous.
The Role of Design Complexity in Technology Improvement
Creators: name: McNerney, James
name: Farmer, J. Doyne
name: Redner, Sid
name: Trancik, Jessika E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a simple model for the evolution of the cost (or more generally the performance) of a technology or production process. The technology can be decomposed into $n$ components, each of which interacts with a cluster of $d-1$ other, dependent components. Innovation occurs through a series of trial-and-error events, each of which consists of randomly changing the cost of each component in a cluster, and accepting the changes only if the total cost of the entire cluster is lowered. We show that the relationship between the cost of the whole technology and the number of innovation attempts is asymptotically a power law, matching the functional form often observed for empirical data. The exponent $α$ of the power law depends on the intrinsic difficulty of finding better components, and on what we term the {\it design complexity}: The more complex the design, the slower the rate of improvement. Letting $d$ as defined above be the connectivity, in the special case in which the connectivity is constant, the design complexity is simply the connectivity. When the connectivity varies, bottlenecks can arise in which a few components limit progress. In this case the design complexity is more complicated, depending on the details of the design. The number of bottlenecks also determines whether progress is steady, or whether there are periods of stasis punctuated by occasional large changes. Our model connects the engineering properties of a design to historical studies of technology improvement.
description: Fixed figure labels
PInDtegration: Dropping PIDs into Web Applications
Creators: name: Myers, James
name: Karcher, Sebastian
name: Weber, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: ORCID
persistent identifiers

description: No one memorizes their co-authors’ ORCIDs, yet we ask people to enter them into forms in data
 and publication systems. Why? While PIDs are unique, they aren’t user friendly. What if users
 could start typing a name or email and select from a list of matching ORCID entries? What if
 applications could store only the ORCID but display the name, email, and link to an ORCID
 profile? What if such capabilities could be added without a lot of custom programming? What if
 all PIDs worked this way? We are exploring the potential to use a generic Javascript library to
 provide these capabilities, using the Qualitative Data Repository at Syracuse University and the
 open-source Dataverse software as an initial platform. This presentation will include a simple
 demonstration using ORCID and raise the question as to whether PID providers should start
 providing such libraries to simplify adoption and increase the value of PIDs.
description: Powerpoint includes short videos
Strongly coupled Skyrme-Faddeev-Niemi hopfions
Creators: name: Adam, C.
name: Sanchez-Guillen, J.
name: Romanczukiewicz, T.
name: Wereszczynski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strongly coupled limit of the Skyrme-Faddeev-Niemi model (i.e., without quadratic kinetic term) with a potential is considered on the spacetime S^3 x R. For one-vacuum potentials two types of exact Hopf solitons are obtained. Depending on the value of the Hopf index, we find compact or non-compact hopfions. The compact hopfions saturate a Bogomolny bound and lead to a fractional energy-charge formula E \sim |Q|^{1/2}, whereas the non-compact solitons do not saturate the bound and give E \sim |Q|. In the case of potentials with two vacua compact shell-like hopfions are derived. Some remarks on the influence of the potential on topological solutions in the full Skyrme-Faddeev-Niemi model or in (3+1) Minkowski space are also made.
description: Latex, 25 pages, 9 figures, extensive revision; a section on the comparison with the full model added
Pygophora maculipennis Stein 1909
Creators: name: Yoshizawa, Satoshi
name: Tachi, Takuji
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Muscidae
Pygophora
Pygophora maculipennis

description: Pygophora maculipennis Stein, 1909
(Figs. 8a–d, 12)
 Pygophora maculipennis Stein, 1909: 271. Lectotype male (Zoological Museum, Amsterdam, Netherlands), by designation of Crosskey (1962: 428). Type locality: Krakatau Islands, Indonesia.
  Redescription. Male.  Differing from P. boninensis as follows: vertex approximately 1/5 of head width; hind tibia with 3–4 posteroventral setae; abdominal sternite 5 broad posteriorly in ventral view; surstylus broad and nearly straight in dorsal view; cerci round apically in dorsal view.
 Female. Unknown.
 Body length. 5.3–5.7 mm.
 Material examined. JAPAN: 1 male (NIAES), Kabira, Ishigaki city, Ishigakijima Is., Okinawa pref., 12. II. 1953; 1 male (NIAES), Sonai, Taketomi town, Iriomotejima Is., Yaeyama-gun, Okinawa pref., 29. XII. 1952; 1 male (EUM), Ôhara, Taketomi town, Yaeyama-gun, Iriomotejima Is., Okinawa pref., 2. V. 1990. THAILAND: 3 males (EUM), Khao Yai 30 Km, S. of Pak Chong, 24–26. XII. 1975.
 Distribution. Japan (Honshu, Ryukyu), China, Taiwan, India, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand.
 Bionomics. Unknown.
 Remarks. This species resembles Pygophora boninensis and P. macularis, but it is distinguished from them by having 3–4 posteroventral setae on the hind tibia in male.
description: Published as part of Yoshizawa, Satoshi & Tachi, Takuji, 2018, Taxonomic review of the genus Pygophora Schiner of Japan (Diptera: Muscidae), pp. 449-468 in Zootaxa 4418 (5) on page 460, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/1244994
Surface links which are coverings over the standard torus
Creators: name: Nakamura, Inasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a new construction of a surface link in the 4-space. We construct a surface link as a branched covering over the standard torus, which we call a torus-covering link. We show that a certain torus-covering $T^2$-link is equivalent to the split union of spun $T^2$-links and turned spun $T^2$-links. We show that a certain torus-covering $T^2$-link has a non-classical link group. We give a certain class of ribbon torus-covering $T^2$-links. We present the quandle cocycle invariant of a certain torus-covering $T^2$-link obtained from a classical braid, by using the quandle cocycle invariants of the closure of the braid.
description: 32 pages, 26 figures, Section 1 is reorganized. Theorem 4.2 is generalized
ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE COMPUTATIONS OF VERY LARGE NONPERIODIC ATOMIC SYSTEMS ON CRAY PVP AND MPP ARCHITECTURES
Creators: name: Marek, Michalewicz
name: Brown Roger, W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1996

description: A program for electronic structure computations, which scales linearly (O(N)) with the number of atoms in a system, has been implemented on a parallel-vector CRAY C90. The method is suitable for disordered systems, transition metal oxides, inter­ faces, superlattices, extended surface defects such as steps, microfacets and islands, and in general for nanometer-scale engineered structures consisting of millions of atoms. The program runs at a speed of 8.5 GFLOP/s on a 16-CPU CRAY C90.
 We believe that the computation performed using this program (1,105,920 atoms of rutile Ti02) is the largest quantum-mechanical electronic structure calculation reported so far. We report on our experiences of porting and optimizing this code on C90 and T3D architectures.
Colors of a Second Earth: Estimating the fractional areas of ocean, land, and vegetation of Earth-like exoplanets
Creators: name: Fujii, Y.
name: Kawahara, H.
name: Suto, Y.
name: Taruya, A.
name: Fukuda, S.
name: Nakajima, T.
name: Turner, E. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characterizing the surfaces of rocky exoplanets via the scattered light will be an essential challenge to investigate the existence of life on habitable exoplanets. We present a simple reconstruction method for fractional areas of different surface types from photometric variations, or colors, of a second Earth. We create mock light curves for Earth without clouds using empirical data. Then these light curves are fitted to the isotropic scattering model consisting of 4 surface types: ocean, soil, snow and vegetation. In an idealized situation where the photometric errors are only photon shot noise, we are able to reproduce the fractional areas of those components fairly well. We may be even able to detect a signature of vegetation from the distinct feature of photosynthesis on the Earth, known as the red edge. In our reconstruction method, Rayleigh scattering due to the atmosphere has an important effect, and for terrestrial exoplanets with atmosphere similar to our Earth, it is possible to estimate the presence of oceans and an atmosphere simultaneously.
description: 39 pages, 18 figures, matches published version in ApJ
Additional file 1: of â Our voices matterâ : a before-after assessment of the effect of a community-participatory intervention to promote uptake of maternal and child health services in Kwale, Kenya
Creators: name: Mochache, Vernon
name: Irungu, Eunice
name: El-Busaidy, Hajara
name: Temmerman, Marleen
name: Gichangi, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Medicine
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Science Policy

description: Study-specific procedures for conducting a dialogue model session. This file contains procedures developed to guide in organizing and moderating a dialogue model session. (DOCX 104â kb)