cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Акад. Александар Белић – на размеђу науке и политике : О шездесетогодишњици смрти
Creators: name: Радић, Првослав
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Александар Белић
српски језик
српскохрватски књижевни језик
југословенство
дијалекти

description: Заједно с једним бројем својих сарадника (пре свега Ј. Скерлићем), Белић сноси део одговорности за неговање готово култног односа према „српскохрватском“ књижевном језику, као главном експоненту југословенства, што је готово по аутоматизму за последицу имало држање у неповољном културолошком статусу оних делова Србије чији се дијалекти нису нашли у основици књижевног језика (централни делови, југ и југоисток, Космет, Рашка и др.)
An extensive resonant normal form for an arbitrary large Klein-Gordon model
Creators: name: Paleari, Simone
name: Penati, Tiziano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a finite but arbitrarily large Klein-Gordon chain, with periodic boundary conditions. In the limit of small couplings in the nearest neighbor interaction, and small (total or specific) energy, a high order resonant normal form is constructed with estimates uniform in the number of degrees of freedom. In particular, the first order normal form is a generalized discrete nonlinear Schroedinger model, characterized by all-to-all sites coupling with exponentially decaying strength.
description: Substantial revision in the presentation. Corrected and estimate in Corollary 3.1. To appear in Annali di Matematica Pura e Applicata
Du Val curves and the pointed Brill-Noether Theorem
Creators: name: Farkas, Gavril
name: Tarasca, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that a general curve in an explicit class of what we call Du Val pointed curves satisfies the Brill-Noether Theorem for pointed curves. Furthermore, we prove that a generic pencil of Du Val pointed curves is disjoint from all Brill-Noether divisors on the universal curve. This provides explicit examples of smooth pointed curves of arbitrary genus defined over Q which are Brill-Noether general. A similar result is proved for 2-pointed curves as well using explicit curves on elliptic ruled surfaces.
description: 14 pages, appeared in Selecta Mathematica. Slight inaccuracy in Section 2.1 corrected
Cache policies for cloud-based systems: To keep or not to keep
Creators: name: Scouarnec, Nicolas Le
name: Neumann, Christoph
name: Straub, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study cache policies for cloud-based caching. Cloud-based caching uses cloud storage services such as Amazon S3 as a cache for data items that would have been recomputed otherwise. Cloud-based caching departs from classical caching: cloud resources are potentially infinite and only paid when used, while classical caching relies on a fixed storage capacity and its main monetary cost comes from the initial investment. To deal with this new context, we design and evaluate a new caching policy that minimizes the overall cost of a cloud-based system. The policy takes into account the frequency of consumption of an item and the cloud cost model. We show that this policy is easier to operate, that it scales with the demand and that it outperforms classical policies managing a fixed capacity.
description: Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing 2014 (CLOUD 14)
Future Commons: Summary for Prospective Partners
Creators: name: O'Donnell, Daniel Paul
name: Murphy, Fiona
name: Partnership, The Future Commons
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Scholarly Communication
Open Research Practices
Open Research Culture
Open Science
Open Access
Funding Opportunities
Social Science and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC)
Future Commons

description: A summary of the goals and scope of the Future Commons (http://openresearchculture.org) project.
Аромунске студије
Creators: name: Радић, Првослав
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1989
Subjects: аромунске студије
приказ
Божидар Настев

description: Накнадно и деловито издавање и прештампаваае научних прилога, у данашње време обично onpaвдаваjy два основна разлога — жеља да се на jeдном месту сакупе сви вреднији прилози jeдног научника расути по различитим домаћим и страним часописима, или пак, надограђујући се на ово прво, тежња да се у част jeднor научника jeзrpoвито, каткад и аналитички, ретроспективно представи његово дело као заокружена целина и научни домет у одређеној области. Једно од таквих дела кoje заслужује да се у оквиру ових начела као целина, тј. збир радова, nojaви
 у научној jaвности je књига Аромански студии Божидара Настева
 (1924-1980), истакнутог македонског романисте.
description: Приказ књиге: Божидар Настев, Аромански студии — прилози кон балканистиката (прир. Петар Атанасов), изд. "Огледало", Cкoпje 1988, 256 стр.
Das erste in Regensburg gedruckte Blockbuch (ca. 1470)
Creators: name: Brekle, Herbert E.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 400 Sprachwissenschaft, Linguistik

description: Das erste in Regensburg gedruckte Blockbuch (ca. 1470) Der emeritierte Professor Dr. Herbert E. Brekle entdeckte vor kurzem in der British Library (London) ein in Regensburg gedrucktes Blockbuch marianischen Inhalts (Salve Regina). In dieser Bibliothek wird das weltweit nur in einem Exemplar existierende Werk aus dem Jahre 1465(?) einem gewissen Lienhart Holle zugeschrieben. Brekle – ein gelernter Schriftsetzer – machte sich daran, Näheres über dieses Buch herauszufinden. Unterstützt vom Stadtarchiv, dem Fürstlichen Archiv und der Staatlichen Bibliothek konnte er sowohl Bildmaterial als auch Informationen aktuarischer und bibliographischer Art dingfest machen. In einem längeren Aufsatz beschreibt Brekle detailliert die Herstellungstechnik von Blockbüchern. Er weist nach, daß ein Lienhart Holle in Regensburg nie als Blockbuchdrucker gearbeitet hat, sondern daß Lienhart Wolff, der seit 1463 das Regensburger Bürgerrecht besaß, das Blockbuch 1470 hergestellt hat. Brekle klärt auch die Provenienzgeschichte des Werks auf. Schließlich analysiert er jede der 16 überlieferten Seiten (inklusive zweier Fehldrucke) nach drucktechnischen, schrift- und textphilologischen Kriterien. Jede Seite enthält einen Text und eine dazugehörige Abbildung aus dem Umkreis der Marienverehrung im 15. Jahrhundert. Die wenigen bisher vorliegenden Publikationen beschränken sich ganz überwiegend auf kunsthistorische Beschreibungen der Abbildungen. Brekles Aufsatz hat das Verdienst, erstmalig eine auf der Basis von Farblithographien, Farb- und Schwarzweißfotos komplett bebilderte Darstellung des Blockbuchs Salve Regina geliefert zu haben. Dazu kommen ganz wesentlich seine neuen drucktechnisch und philologisch detaillierten Analysen jeder einzelnen Seite dieses für Regensburgs Kulturgeschichte wichtigen Werkes.
A generalization of moderated statistics to data adaptive semiparametric estimation in high-dimensional biology
Creators: name: Hejazi, Nima S.
name: Boileau, Philippe
name: van der Laan, Mark J.
name: Hubbard, Alan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The widespread availability of high-dimensional biological data has made the simultaneous screening of many biological characteristics a central problem in computational biology and allied sciences. While the dimensionality of such datasets continues to grow, so too does the complexity of biomarker identification from exposure patterns in health studies measuring baseline confounders; moreover, doing so while avoiding model misspecification remains an issue only partially addressed. Efficient estimators capable of incorporating flexible, data adaptive regression techniques in estimating relevant components of the data-generating distribution provide an avenue for avoiding model misspecification; however, in the context of high-dimensional problems that require the simultaneous estimation of numerous parameters, standard variance estimators have proven unstable, resulting in unreliable Type-I error control even under standard multiple testing corrections. We present a general approach for applying empirical Bayes shrinkage to variance estimators of a family of efficient, asymptotically linear estimators of population intervention causal effects. Our generalization of shrinkage-based variance estimators increases inferential stability in high-dimensional settings, facilitating the application of these estimators for deriving nonparametric variable importance measures in high-dimensional biological datasets with modest sample sizes. The result is a data adaptive approach for robustly uncovering stable causal associations in high-dimensional data in studies with limited samples. Our generalized variance estimator is evaluated against alternative variance estimators in numerical experiments. Identification of biomarkers with the proposed methodology is demonstrated in an analysis of high-dimensional DNA methylation data from an observational study on the epigenetic effects of tobacco smoking.
Description and performance of track and primary-vertex reconstruction with the CMS tracker
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A description is provided of the software algorithms developed for the CMS tracker both for reconstructing charged-particle trajectories in proton-proton interactions and for using the resulting tracks to estimate the positions of the LHC luminous region and individual primary-interaction vertices. Despite the very hostile environment at the LHC, the performance obtained with these algorithms is found to be excellent. For ttbar events under typical 2011 pileup conditions, the average track-reconstruction efficiency for promptly-produced charged particles with transverse momenta of pt > 0.9 GeV is 94% for pseudorapidities of abs(eta) < 0.9 and 85% for 0.9 < abs(eta) < 2.5. The inefficiency is caused mainly by hadrons that undergo nuclear interactions in the tracker material. For isolated muons, the corresponding efficiencies are essentially 100%. For isolated muons of pt = 100 GeV emitted at abs(eta) < 1.4, the resolutions are approximately 2.8% in pt, and respectively, 10 microns and 30 microns in the transverse and longitudinal impact parameters. The position resolution achieved for reconstructed primary vertices that correspond to interesting pp collisions is 10-12 microns in each of the three spatial dimensions. The tracking and vertexing software is fast and flexible, and easily adaptable to other functions, such as fast tracking for the trigger, or dedicated tracking for electrons that takes into account bremsstrahlung.
description: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI
Electron-beam dynamics in a strong laser field including quantum radiation reaction
Creators: name: Neitz, Norman
name: Di Piazza, Antonino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of an electron beam colliding head-on with a strong plane-wave field is investigated in the framework of strong-field QED including radiation-reaction effects due to photon emission. Employing a kinetic approach to describe the electron and the photon distribution it is shown that at a given total laser fluence the final electron distribution depends on the shape of the laser envelope and on the pulse duration, in contrast to the classical predictions of radiation reaction based on the Landau-Lifshitz equation. Finally, it is investigated how the pair-creation process leads to a nonlinear coupled evolution of the electrons in the beam, of the produced charged particles, and of the emitted photons.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures
Properties of the density-wave phase of a two-dimensional dipolar Fermi gas
Creators: name: Block, J. K.
name: Bruun, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapid progress in the production and cooling of molecular gases indicates that experimental studies of quantum gases with a strong dipolar interaction is soon within reach. Dipolar gases are predicted to exhibit very rich physics including quantum liquid crystal phases such as density-waves as well as superfluid phases, both of which play an important role for our understanding of strongly correlated systems. Here, we investigate the zero temperature properties of the density-wave phase of a two-dimensional (2D) system of fermonic dipoles using a conserving Hartree-Fock theory. We calculate the amplitude of the density waves as a function of the dipole moment and orientation with respect to the 2D plane. The stripes give rise to a 1D Brillouin zone structure, and the corresponding quasiparticle spectrum is shown to have gapped as well as gapless regions around the Fermi surface. As a result, the system remains compressible in the density-wave phase, and it collapses for strong attraction. We show that the density-waves has clear signatures in the momentum distribution and in the momentum correlations. Both can be measured in time-of-flight experiments. Finally, we discuss how the striped phase can be realised with experimentally available systems.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures. Due to copyright reasons this version is not identical to the published version
Arrival Time Distributions of Spin-1/2 Particles
Creators: name: Das, Siddhant
name: Dürr, Detlef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The arrival time statistics of spin-1/2 particles governed by Pauli's equation, and defined by their Bohmian trajectories, show unexpected and very well articulated features. Comparison with other proposed statistics of arrival times that arise from either the usual (convective) quantum flux or from semiclassical considerations suggest testing the notable deviations in an arrival time experiment, thereby probing the predictive power of Bohmian trajectories. The suggested experiment, including the preparation of the wave functions, could be done with present-day experimental technology.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
The Hadamard gate cannot be replaced by a resource state in universal quantum computation
Creators: name: Jones, Benjamin D. M.
name: Linden, Noah
name: Skrzypczyk, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider models of quantum computation that involve operations performed on some fixed resourceful quantum state. Examples that fit this paradigm include magic state injection and measurement-based approaches. We introduce a framework that incorporates both of these cases and focus on the role of coherence (or superposition) in this context, as exemplified through the Hadamard gate. We prove that given access to incoherent unitaries (those that are unable to generate superposition from computational basis states, e.g. CNOT, diagonal gates), classical control, computational basis measurements, and any resourceful ancillary state (of arbitrary dimension), it is not possible to implement any coherent unitary (e.g. Hadamard) exactly with non-zero probability. We also consider the approximate case by providing lower bounds for the induced trace distance between the above operations and $n$ Hadamard gates. To demonstrate the stability of this result, this is then extended to a similar no-go result for the case of using $k$ Hadamard gates to exactly implement $n>k$ Hadamard gates.
description: 31 pages, 3 figures. Latest version includes an improved bound for Lemma 19, added references, and data access statement. Accepted in Quantum
Compuestos bioactivos de la esponja marina Pseudosuberites pseudos /
Creators: name: Kelly Gutierrez, Liza Danielle
Publisher: name: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Compuestos bioactivos||Esponjas marinas||Oceanología||Biología||Tesis
subject: QP517 .B44 K45 1997

description: En dos extractos etanólicos de la esponja marina Pseudosuberites pseudos, colectada en el Puerto de San Felipe, Baja California en marzo y agosto de 1997 (extractos 1 y 2 respectivamente).
Exact Nonadiabatic Holonomic Transformations of Spin-Orbit Qubits
Creators: name: Cadez, T.
name: Jefferson, J. H.
name: Ramsak, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exact analytical solution is derived for the wavefunction of an electron in a one-dimensional moving quantum dot in a nanowire, in the presence of time-dependent spin-orbit coupling. For cyclic evolutions we show that the spin of the electron is rotated by an angle proportional to the area of a closed loop in the parameter space of the time-dependent quantum dot position and the amplitude of a fictitious classical oscillator driven by the time-dependent spin-orbit coupling. By appropriate choice of parameters, we show that arbitrary spin rotations may be performed on the Bloch sphere. Exact expressions for dynamical and geometrical phases are also derived.
description: 5+4 pages, 1+6 figures
Arithmetic of rational points and zero-cycles on products of Kummer varieties and K3 surfaces
Creators: name: Balestrieri, Francesca
name: Newton, Rachel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G35 (Primary) 14G05, 14G25 (Secondary)

description: Let $k$ be a number field. In the spirit of a result by Yongqi Liang, we relate the arithmetic of rational points over finite extensions of $k$ to that of zero-cycles over $k$ for Kummer varieties over $k$. For example, for any Kummer variety $X$ over $k$, we show that if the Brauer-Manin obstruction is the only obstruction to the Hasse principle for rational points on $X$ over all finite extensions of $k$, then the ($2$-primary) Brauer-Manin obstruction is the only obstruction to the Hasse principle for zero-cycles of any given odd degree on $X$ over $k$. We also obtain similar results for products of Kummer varieties, K3 surfaces and rationally connected varieties.
description: 16 pages. Corrected grant reference number and added journal reference and DOI. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1804.05819
Neutrino yield from Galactic cosmic rays
Creators: name: Kachelriess, M.
name: Ostapchenko, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the neutrino yield from collisions of cosmic ray (CR) nuclei on gas using the event generator QGSJET-II. We present first the general characteristics and numerical results for the neutrino yield assuming power-law fluxes for the primary CR nuclei. Then we use three parameterisations for the Galactic CR flux to derive the neutrino yield for energies around and above the knee. The shape and the normalization of the resulting neutrino flux above $\sim 10^{14}$ eV depends on the composition of the Galactic CR flux employed, but is generally dominated by its proton component. The spectral shape and magnitude of the neutrino flux suggest that the IceCube excess is not connected to interactions of Galactic sea CRs. If a fraction of these events has a Galactic origin, then they may be caused by CR overdensities around recent close-by Galactic sources.
description: 9 pages; 7 eps figures; v2: Hillas model corrected, contains bonus material compared to the published version
Remark on Luo-Hou's ansatz for a self-similar solution to the 3D Euler equations
Creators: name: Chae, Dongho
name: Tsai, Tai-Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q31, 76B03

description: In this note we show that Luo-Hou's ansatz for the self-similar solution to the axisymmetric solution to the 3D Euler equations leads to triviality of the solution under suitable decay condition of the blow-up profile. The equations for the blow-up profile reduces to an over-determined system of partial differential equations, whose only solution with decay is the trivial solution. We also propose a generalization of Luo-Hou's ansatz. Using the vanishing of the normal velocity at the boundary, we show that this generalized self-similar ansatz also leads to a trivial solution. These results show that the self-similar ansatz may be valid either only in a time-dependent region which shrinks to the boundary circle at the self-similar rate, or under different boundary conditions at spatial infinity of the self-similar profile.
description: 9 pages(to appear in the Journal of Nonlinear Science)
Topological skyrmion phases of matter
Creators: name: Cook, Ashley M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce topological phases of matter defined by skyrmions in the ground state spin -- or pseudospin -- expectation value textures in the Brillouin zone, the chiral and helical topological skyrmion phases of matter. These phases are protected by a symmetry present in centrosymmetric superconductors. We consider a tight-binding model for spin-triplet superconductivity in transition metal oxides and find it realizes each of these topological skyrmion phases. The chiral phase is furthermore realized for a parameter set characterizing Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ with spin-triplet superconductivity. We also find two types of topological phase transitions by which the skyrmion number can change. The second type occurs without the closing of energy gaps in a system described by a quadratic Hamiltonian without breaking the protecting symmetries when atomic spin-orbit coupling is non-negligible and there is a suitable additional degree of freedom. This contradicts the ``flat band'' limit assumption important in use of entanglement spectrum and Wilson loops, and in construction of the ten-fold way classification scheme of topological phases of matter. We furthermore predict two kinds of bulk-boundary correspondence signatures -- one for measurements which execute a partial trace over degrees of freedom other than spin, which yields quantized transport signatures -- and a second resulting from skyrmions trapping defects with their own non-trivial topology that is discussed in a second work, which yields generalizations of unpaired Majorana zero-modes.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, version accepted for publication in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, as invited contribution to Special Issue on Solitons (https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-648X/acbffd)
p-adic reconstruction of rational functions in multi-loop amplitudes
Creators: name: Chawdhry, Herschel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical reconstruction techniques are widely employed in the calculation of multi-loop scattering amplitudes. In recent years, it has been observed that the rational functions in multi-loop calculations greatly simplify under partial fractioning. In this article, we present a technique to reconstruct rational functions directly in partial-fractioned form, by evaluating the functions at special integer points chosen for their properties under a p-adic metric. As an application, we apply this technique to reconstruct the largest rational function in the integration-by-parts reduction of one of the rank-5 integrals appearing in 2-loop 5-point full-colour massless amplitude calculations in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). The number of required numerical probes (per prime field) is found to be around 25 times smaller than in conventional techniques, and the obtained result is 130 times smaller. The reconstructed result displays signs of additional structure that could be used to further reduce its size and the number of required probes.
description: 11 pages. v2: published version
Почеци и развој српског књижевног језика
Creators: name: Радић, Првослав
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1996
Subjects: српски књижевни језик
развој језика
приказ

description: Научна публикација с темом развоја српског књижевног језика.
description: Приказ научне публикације: Научни састанак слависта у Вукове дане, 25/2, Међународни славистички центар – Филолошки факултет, Београд 1996, стр. 1–520
Asymmetric Matters from a Dark First-Order Phase Transition
Creators: name: Hall, Eleanor
name: Konstandin, Thomas
name: McGehee, Robert
name: Murayama, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a model for matters-genesis in which both the baryonic and dark matter asymmetries originate from a first-order phase transition in a dark sector with an $SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$ gauge group and minimal matter content. In the simplest scenario, we predict that dark matter is a dark antineutron with mass either $m_{\bar{n}} = 1.36$ GeV or $m_{\bar{n}} = 1.63$ GeV. Alternatively, dark matter may be comprised of equal numbers of dark antiprotons and pions. This model, in either scenario, is highly discoverable through both dark matter direct detection and dark photon search experiments. The strong dark matter self interactions may ameliorate small-scale structure problems, while the strongly first-order phase transition may be confirmed at future gravitational wave observatories.
description: 5+2 pages, 1 figure. v2: published in PRD with minor revisions
Chemical separation of primordial Li$^+$ during structure formation caused by nanogauss magnetic field
Creators: name: Kusakabe, Motohiko
name: Kawasaki, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the structure formation, charged and neutral chemical species may have separated from each other at the gravitational contraction in primordial magnetic field (PMF). A gradient in the PMF in a direction perpendicular to the field direction leads to the Lorentz force on the charged species. Resultantly, an ambipolar diffusion occurs, and charged species can move differently from neutral species, which collapses gravitationally during the structure formation. We assume a gravitational contraction of neutral matter in a spherically symmetric structure, and calculate fluid motions of charged and neutral species. It is shown that the charged fluid, i.e., proton, electron and $^7$Li$^+$, can significantly decouple from the neutral fluid depending on the field amplitude. The charged species can, therefore, escape from the gravitational collapse. We take the structure mass, the epoch of the gravitational collapse, and the comoving Lorenz force as parameters. We then identify a parameter region for an effective chemical separation. This type of chemical separation can reduce the abundance ratio of Li/H in early structures because of inefficient contraction of $^7$Li$^+$ ion. Therefore, it may explain Li abundances of Galactic metal-poor stars which are smaller than the prediction in standard big bang nucleosynthesis model. Amplitudes of the PMFs are controlled by a magneto-hydrodynamic turbulence. The upper limit on the field amplitude derived from the turbulence effect is close to the value required for the chemical separation.
description: 30 pages, 14 figures, manuscript emended, errors fixed, conclusion qualitatively unchanged, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Semi-metric portfolio optimization: a new algorithm reducing simultaneous asset shocks
Creators: name: James, Nick
name: Menzies, Max
name: Chan, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a new method for financial portfolio optimization based on reducing simultaneous asset shocks across a collection of assets. This may be understood as an alternative approach to risk reduction in a portfolio based on a new mathematical quantity. First, we apply recently introduced semi-metrics between finite sets to determine the distance between time series' structural breaks. Then, we build on the classical portfolio optimization theory of Markowitz and use this distance between asset structural breaks for our penalty function, rather than portfolio variance. Our experiments are promising: on synthetic data, we show that our proposed method does indeed diversify among time series with highly similar structural breaks and enjoys advantages over existing metrics between sets. On real data, experiments illustrate that our proposed optimization method performs well relative to nine other commonly used options, producing the second-highest returns, the lowest volatility, and second-lowest drawdown. The main implication for this method in portfolio management is reducing simultaneous asset shocks and potentially sharp associated drawdowns during periods of highly similar structural breaks, such as a market crisis. Our method adds to a considerable literature of portfolio optimization techniques in econometrics and could complement these via portfolio averaging.
description: Accepted manuscript. Substantial additions since v2. Equal contribution from first two authors
Jet-Triggered Photons from Back-Scattering Kinematics for Quark Gluon Plasma Tomography
Creators: name: De, Somnath
name: Fries, Rainer J.
name: Srivastava, Dinesh K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High energy photons created from back-scattering of jets in quark gluon plasma are a valuable probe of the temperature of the plasma, and of the energy loss mechanism of quarks in the plasma. An unambiguous identification of these photons through single inclusive photon measurements and photon azimuthal anisotropies has so far been elusive. We estimate the spectra of back-scattering photons in coincidence with trigger jets for typical kinematic situations at the Large Hadron Collider and the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. We find that the separation of back-scattering photons from other photon sources using trigger jets depends crucially on our ability to reliably estimate the initial trigger jet energy. We estimate that jet reconstruction techniques in heavy ion experiments need to be able to get to jet $R_{AA}\gtrsim 0.7$ in central collisions for viable back-scattering signals.
description: Discussion expanded, one paragraph and two references added
Equivalence relations and $L^p$ distances between time series with application to the Black Summer Australian bushfires
Creators: name: James, Nick
name: Menzies, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper introduces a new framework of algebraic equivalence relations between time series and new distance metrics between them, then applies these to investigate the Australian ``Black Summer'' bushfire season of 2019-2020. First, we introduce a general framework for defining equivalence between time series, heuristically intended to be equivalent if they differ only up to noise. Our first specific implementation is based on using change point algorithms and comparing statistical quantities such as mean or variance in stationary segments. We thus derive the existence of such equivalence relations on the space of time series, such that the quotient spaces can be equipped with a metrizable topology. Next, we illustrate specifically how to define and compute such distances among a collection of time series and perform clustering and additional analysis thereon. Then, we apply these insights to analyze air quality data across New South Wales, Australia, during the 2019-2020 bushfires. There, we investigate structural similarity with respect to this data and identify locations that were impacted anonymously by the fires relative to their location. This may have implications regarding the appropriate management of resources to avoid gaps in the defense against future fires.
description: Minor edits since v2. Equal contribution
Beyond Data Literacy: Helping Nontraditional Students Get "Ready4Research"
Creators: name: Glusker, Ann
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Data literacy
Research assistants

description: The NavCal program at UC Berkeley does exciting work, assisting incoming nontraditional students in navigating the campus through a supportive, hands-on approach. “Non-traditional” includes low-income, first-generation college attendee, transfer and other students who may have challenges adjusting to a large, complex research university environment. A large majority of NavCal participants go on to gain acceptance into research fellowships and nationally-recognized graduate school pipeline programs. The Library has a positive partnership with NavCal and a strong interest in campus-wide information and data literacy, so it made sense for the library to offer customized data literacy workshops for NavCal students… until an advisor said, “what they really need is to get broader training in getting ready to take on research assistant positions.” From this idea, Ready4Research was born: R4R is a 3-hour workshop to support students in learning about and getting ready to participate in research, as research assistants and researchers themselves, with data and data literacy embedded into the content. Since its initial offering in Summer, 2021, Ready4Research has been offered each semester, to positive reviews and robust attendance. Aiming broadly at social sciences research, topics include: how research happens, what kinds of jobs research assistants do, what kind of data they may encounter, some approaches to analyzing and visualizing data, deciding what kinds of jobs to apply for, how to apply for them, how to develop their own research content to present and publish, tips from NavCal alumni, and more. Attendees say that the exposure to the world of research at Berkeley (Cal) has opened their eyes to new possibilities for their academic careers. The workshop has also been revised for different formats and audiences, and ideas for further dissemination are in the works. This poster will outline the program, its development over time, and future plans for improvement.
Generalization Bounds via Information Density and Conditional Information Density
Creators: name: Hellström, Fredrik
name: Durisi, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a general approach, based on exponential inequalities, to derive bounds on the generalization error of randomized learning algorithms. Using this approach, we provide bounds on the average generalization error as well as bounds on its tail probability, for both the PAC-Bayesian and single-draw scenarios. Specifically, for the case of sub-Gaussian loss functions, we obtain novel bounds that depend on the information density between the training data and the output hypothesis. When suitably weakened, these bounds recover many of the information-theoretic bounds available in the literature. We also extend the proposed exponential-inequality approach to the setting recently introduced by Steinke and Zakynthinou (2020), where the learning algorithm depends on a randomly selected subset of the available training data. For this setup, we present bounds for bounded loss functions in terms of the conditional information density between the output hypothesis and the random variable determining the subset choice, given all training data. Through our approach, we recover the average generalization bound presented by Steinke and Zakynthinou (2020) and extend it to the PAC-Bayesian and single-draw scenarios. For the single-draw scenario, we also obtain novel bounds in terms of the conditional $α$-mutual information and the conditional maximal leakage.
description: Published in Journal on Selected Areas in Information Theory (JSAIT). This version incorporates a correction to the JSAIT version. The correction is detailed at https://gdurisi.github.io/files/2021/jsait-correction.pdf
Non-equilibrium steady state phases of the interacting Aubry-Andre-Harper model
Creators: name: Yoo, Yongchan
name: Lee, Junhyun
name: Swingle, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we study the phase diagram of the Aubry-Andre-Harper model in the presence of strong interactions as the strength of the quasiperiodic potential is varied. Previous work has established the existence of many-body localized phase at large potential strength; here, we find a rich phase diagram in the delocalized regime characterized by spin transport and unusual correlations. We calculate the non-equilibrium steady states of a boundary-driven strongly interacting Aubry-Andre-Harper model by employing the time-evolving block decimation algorithm on matrix product density operators. From these steady states, we extract spin transport as a function of system size and quasiperiodic potential strength. This data shows spin transport going from superdiffusive to subdiffusive well before the localization transition; comparing to previous results, we also find that the transport transition is distinct from a transition observed in the speed of operator growth in the model. We also investigate the correlation structure of the steady state and find an unusual oscillation pattern for intermediate values of the potential strength. The unusual spin transport and quantum correlation structure suggest multiple dynamical phases between the much-studied thermal and many-body-localized phases.
description: Published version, 7+2 pages, 8+2 figures
Comparing YOLOv8 and Mask RCNN for object segmentation in complex orchard environments
Creators: name: Sapkota, Ranjan
name: Ahmed, Dawood
name: Karkee, Manoj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Instance segmentation, an important image processing operation for automation in agriculture, is used to precisely delineate individual objects of interest within images, which provides foundational information for various automated or robotic tasks such as selective harvesting and precision pruning. This study compares the one-stage YOLOv8 and the two-stage Mask R-CNN machine learning models for instance segmentation under varying orchard conditions across two datasets. Dataset 1, collected in dormant season, includes images of dormant apple trees, which were used to train multi-object segmentation models delineating tree branches and trunks. Dataset 2, collected in the early growing season, includes images of apple tree canopies with green foliage and immature (green) apples (also called fruitlet), which were used to train single-object segmentation models delineating only immature green apples. The results showed that YOLOv8 performed better than Mask R-CNN, achieving good precision and near-perfect recall across both datasets at a confidence threshold of 0.5. Specifically, for Dataset 1, YOLOv8 achieved a precision of 0.90 and a recall of 0.95 for all classes. In comparison, Mask R-CNN demonstrated a precision of 0.81 and a recall of 0.81 for the same dataset. With Dataset 2, YOLOv8 achieved a precision of 0.93 and a recall of 0.97. Mask R-CNN, in this single-class scenario, achieved a precision of 0.85 and a recall of 0.88. Additionally, the inference times for YOLOv8 were 10.9 ms for multi-class segmentation (Dataset 1) and 7.8 ms for single-class segmentation (Dataset 2), compared to 15.6 ms and 12.8 ms achieved by Mask R-CNN's, respectively.
description: 15 figures, 2 tables
(MC)**3 -- a Multi-Channel Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm for phase-space sampling
Creators: name: Kroeninger, Kevin
name: Schumann, Steffen
name: Willenberg, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new Monte Carlo algorithm for phase-space sampling, named (MC)**3, is presented. It is based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques but at the same time incorporates prior knowledge about the target distribution in the form of suitable phase-space mappings from a corresponding Multi-Channel importance sampling Monte Carlo. The combined approach inherits the benefits of both techniques while typical drawbacks of either solution get ameliorated.
description: version accepted for publication in CPC, largely extended examples section
Transport in two-dimensional disordered semimetals
Creators: name: Knap, Michael
name: Sau, Jay D.
name: Halperin, Bertrand I.
name: Demler, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study transport in two-dimensional semimetals. Typically, electron and hole puddles emerge in the transport layer of these systems due to smooth fluctuations in the potential. We calculate the electric response of the electron-hole liquid subject to zero and finite perpendicular magnetic fields using an effective medium approximation and a complimentary mapping on resistor networks. In the presence of smooth disorder and in the limit of weak electron-hole recombination rate, we find for small but finite overlap of the electron and hole bands an abrupt upturn in resistivity when lowering the temperature but no divergence at zero temperature. We discuss how this behavior is relevant for several experimental realizations and introduce a simple physical explanation for this effect.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, plus supplemental material. V2: minor clarifications and an additional reference. V3: as published
Localization of zeros for Cauchy transforms
Creators: name: Abakumov, Evgeny
name: Baranov, Anton
name: Belov, Yurii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the localization of zeros of Cauchy transforms of discrete measures on the real line. This question is motivated by the theory of canonical systems of differential equations. In particular, we prove that the spaces of Cauchy transforms having the localization property are in one-to-one correspondence with the canonical systems of special type, namely, those whose Hamiltonians consist only of indivisible intervals accumulating on the left. Various aspects of the localization phenomena are studied in details. Connections with the density of polynomials and other topics in analysis are discussed.
description: 31 pages, minor changes
Graded polynomial identities and central polynomials of matrices over an infinite integral domain
Creators: name: Fonseca, Luís Felipe Gonçalves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $K$ be an infinite integral domain and $M_{n}(K)$ be the algebra of all $n\times n$ matrices over $K$. This paper aims for the following goals: Find a basis for the graded identities for elementary grading in $M_{n}(K)$ when the neutral component and diagonal coincide; Describe the $\mathbb{Z}_{p}$-graded central polynomials of $M_{p}(K)$ when $p$ is a prime number; Describe the $\mathbb{Z}$-graded central polynomials of $M_{n}(K)$.
description: 16 pages. Submitted to RCMP
Solitons and entanglement in the double sine-Gordon model
Creators: name: Izquierdo, A. Alonso
name: Guilarte, J. Mateos
name: de Almeida, N. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bipartite ground state entanglement in a finite linear harmonic chain of particles is numerically investigated. The particles are subjected to an external on-site periodic potential belonging to a family parametrized by the unit interval encompassing the sine-Gordon potential at both ends of the interval. Strong correspondences between the soliton entanglement entropy and the kink energy distribution profile as functions of the sub-chain length are found.
description: 11 pages, 28 figures. This version improves the previous one
A Generalized Parallel Replica Dynamics
Creators: name: Binder, Andrew
name: Lelièvre, Tony
name: Simpson, Gideon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65C35 65C05 65C30

description: Metastability is a common obstacle to performing long molecular dynamics simulations. Many numerical methods have been proposed to overcome it. One method is parallel replica dynamics, which relies on the rapid convergence of the underlying stochastic process to a quasi-stationary distribution. Two requirements for applying parallel replica dynamics are knowledge of the time scale on which the process converges to the quasi-stationary distribution and a mechanism for generating samples from this distribution. By combining a Fleming-Viot particle system with convergence diagnostics to simultaneously identify when the process converges while also generating samples, we can address both points. This variation on the algorithm is illustrated with various numerical examples, including those with entropic barriers and the 2D Lennard-Jones cluster of seven atoms.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures, 6 tables