cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Conditions for separability in generalized Laplacian matrices and nonnegative matrices as density matrices
Creators: name: Wu, Chai Wah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Laplacian matrices of graphs are studied as density matrices in quantum mechanics. We continue this study and give conditions for separability of generalized Laplacian matrices of weighted graphs with unit trace. In particular, we show that the Peres-Horodecki positive partial transpose separability condition is necessary and sufficient for separability in ${\mathbb C}^2\otimes {\mathbb C}^q$. In addition, we present a sufficient condition for separability of generalized Laplacian matrices and diagonally dominant nonnegative matrices.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Temporarily enhanced superconductivity from magnetic fields
Creators: name: Fyhn, Eirik Holm
name: Linder, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Contrary to the expected detrimental influence on superconductivity when applying a magnetic field, we predict that the abrupt onset of such a field can temporarily strongly enhance the superconducting order parameter. Specifically, we find that the supercurrent in a Josephson junction with a normal metal weak link can increase more than twentyfold in this way. The effect can be understood from the interplay between the energy-dependence of Andreev reflection and the abrupt spin-dependent shift in the distribution functions for excitations in the system. The duration of the increase depends on the inelastic scattering rate in the system and is estimated to be in the range of nanoseconds. We demonstrate this by developing a method which solves the Usadel equation for an arbitrary time-dependence. This enables the study of ultrafast time-dependent physics in heterostructures combining superconductors with different types of materials.
description: 5 (10) pages, 1 (2) figures
Spectroscopy of Four Cataclysmic Variables with Periods above 7 Hours
Creators: name: Peters, Christopher S.
name: Thorstensen, John R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectroscopy of four cataclysmic variables. Using radial velocity measurements, we find orbital periods for the first time. The stars and their periods are GY Hya, 0.347230(9) d; SDSS J204448-045929, 1.68(1) d; V392 Hya, 0.324952(5) d; and RX J1951.7+3716, 0.492(1) d. We also detect the spectra of the secondary stars, estimate their spectral types, and derive distances based on surface brightness and Roche lobe constraints.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables, to be published in December 2006 PASP
Energy Barrier Scalings in Driven Systems
Creators: name: Maloney, Craig E.
name: Lacks, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Energy landscape mappings are performed for two different molecular systems under mechanical loads. Barrier heights are observed to scale as $ΔU\simδ^{3/2}$, where $δ$ is a residual load. Catastrophe theory predicts that this scaling should arise for vanishing $δ$, however, this region is irrelevant in physical processes at finite temperature because thermal fluctuations cause the system to cross over the barrier before reaching the small $δ$ regime. Surprisingly, we find that the $ΔU\simδ^{3/2}$ scaling is valid far beyond the vanishing $δ$ regime described by catastrophe theory. This scaling will therefore be relevant at finite temperatures, and can be the basis for corrections to standard rate theoretic approaches.
description: 4 pages; 5 figures
AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUBSTITUTES WITH SOME ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE BEEF INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Spriggs, John
name: Spriggs, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Livestock Production/Industries

description: There are three main parts to this paper. The first concerns the adaptation of conventional demand and supply theory to explain why and when the development of substitutes occurs. The second part is a discussion of four examples of substitutes that appear to have completed their developmental process. This is to see how the theory fares in practice. In the third part, implications of the theory are drawn for the beef industry which recently had its first serious encounter with substitutes.
A Least Squares Functional for Solving Inverse Sturm-Liouville Problems
Creators: name: Roehrl, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65L09; 34A55

description: We present a variational algorithm for solving the classical inverse Sturm-Liouville problem in one dimension when two spectra are given. All critical points of the least squares functional are at global minima, which which suggests minimization by a (conjugate) gradient descent algorithm. Numerical examples show that the resulting algorithm works quite reliable without tuning for particular cases, even in the presence of noise. With the right choice of parameters the minimization procedure converges very quickly.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, corrected typos, minor clarifications
Effective field theory of stochastic diffusion from gravity
Creators: name: Ghosh, Jewel K.
name: Loganayagam, R.
name: Prabhu, Siddharth G.
name: Rangamani, Mukund
name: Sivakumar, Akhil
name: Vishal, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planar black holes in AdS have long-lived quasinormal modes which capture the physics of charge and momentum diffusion in the dual field theory. How should we characterize the effective dynamics of a probe system coupled to the conserved currents of the dual field theory? Specifically, how would such a probe record the long-lived memory of the black hole and its Hawking fluctuations? We address this question by exhibiting a universal gauge invariant framework which captures the physics of stochastic diffusion in holography: a designer scalar with a gravitational coupling governed by a single parameter, the Markovianity index. We argue that the physics of gauge and gravitational perturbations of a planar Schwarzschild-AdS black hole can be efficiently captured by such designer scalars. We demonstrate that this framework allows one to decouple, at the quadratic order, the long-lived quasinormal and Hawking modes from the short-lived ones. It furthermore provides a template for analyzing fluctuating open quantum field theories with memory. In particular, we use this set-up to analyze the diffusive Hawking photons and gravitons about a planar Schwarzschild-AdS black hole and derive the quadratic effective action that governs fluctuating hydrodynamics of the dual CFT. Along the way we also derive results relevant for probes of hyperscaling violating backgrounds at finite temperature.
description: 57 pages + appendices. v2: typos fixed. v3: minor changes, published version
USER'S GUIDE TO SEGREG
Creators: name: Stinson, Thomas F.
name: Fang, Kweiwu
name: Lubov, Andrea
name: Stinson, Thomas F.
name: Fang, Kweiwu
name: Lubov, Andrea
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: SEGREG is a computer program which enables users to perform segmented regression on ordered data sets, given that the boundaries of each segment, or subset point that defines the two best subsets and for the two switching points that define the three best subsets.
Cosmological perturbations in the Tsallis holographic dark energy scenarios
Creators: name: da Silva, W. J. C.
name: Silva, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Tsallis holographic dark energy (THDE) models in the context of perturbations' growth. We assume the description of dark energy by considering the holographic principle and the nonadditive entropy to carry out this. We implement the perturbed relativistic equations to achieve the growth of matter fluctuations, being the growth rate of the cosmic structures is non-negligible at low redshifts. To constrain and compare the models, we carry out the Bayesian analysis using the recent geometrical and growth rate observational data. The main results are: (i) the models are compatible with cosmological observations, (ii) the cosmological constant recovered with a $1σ$ confidence level, furthermore (iii) they could cross the phantom barrier. Finally, the models can relieve $\approx 1σ$ the $σ_8$ tension in the non-clustered case and can alleviate in $\approx 2.8σ$ the $H_0$ tension. From the model selection viewpoint, the data discarded the THDE models.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables. Updated to match the published version
$J/ψ$-$p$ Scattering Length from the Total and Differential Photoproduction Cross Sections
Creators: name: Pentchev, Lubomir
name: Strakovsky, Igor I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $J/ψ$-$p$ scattering length, $α_{J/ψp}$, can be extracted from the $J/ψ$ photoproduction cross section near threshold using the Vector Meson Dominance (VMD) model to relate the reaction $γp \to J/ψp$ to $J/ψp \to J/ψp$. Such estimates based on experimental data result in values for $|α_{J/ψp}|$, which are much lower than most of the theoretical predictions. In this work, we study the relations between the different results, depending on the use of the total or the differential cross sections, and the method of extrapolating the data to threshold in the case of a low-statistics data sample, such as the near threshold $J/ψ$ photoproduction dataset. We estimate a range for $|α_{J/ψp}|$ of $0.003$ to $0.025$~fm as extracted from experimental data within the VMD model and discuss possible reasons for such lower values compared to the theoretical results.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Hypoelliptic heat kernel inequalities on Lie groups
Creators: name: Melcher, Tai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E30 (Primary); 60H07 (Secondary)

description: This paper discusses the existence of gradient estimates for second order hypoelliptic heat kernels on manifolds. It is now standard that such inequalities, in the elliptic case, are equivalent to a lower bound on the Ricci tensor of the Riemannian metric. For hypoelliptic operators, the associated "Ricci curvature" takes on the value -\infty at points of degeneracy of the semi-Riemannian metric associated to the operator. For this reason, the standard proofs for the elliptic theory fail in the hypoelliptic setting. This paper presents recent results for hypoelliptic operators. Malliavin calculus methods transfer the problem to one of determining certain infinite dimensional estimates. Here, the underlying manifold is a Lie group, and the hypoelliptic operators are invariant under left translation. In particular, "L^p-type" gradient estimates hold for p\in(1,\infty), and the p=2 gradient estimate implies a Poincaré estimate in this context.
description: 22 pages, 0 figures; final journal version
ZAMONAVIY BINOLARNI SEYSMIK IZOLYATSIYA QILISH TIZIMLARINI RIVOJLANTIRISH ISTIQBOLLARI
Creators: name: Xalilov, Xusanboy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Zilziladan himoyalovchi tayanch izolyatsiya qurilmalari bilan binolarni hisoblashning amaliy usullari bo'yicha tadqiqotlar seysmik moyil hududlarda strukturaviy barqarorlikni yaxshilash uchun juda muhimdir.
A retrotransposon gag-like-3 gene RTL3 and SOX-9 co-regulate the expression of COL2A1 in chondrocytes
Creators: name: Ball, Hope C.
name: Ansari, Mohammad Y.
name: Ahmad, Nashrah
name: Novak, Kimberly
name: Haqqi, Tariq M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Transposable elements are known to remodel gene structure and provide a known source of genetic variation. Retrotransposon gag-like-3 (RTL3) is a mammalian retrotransposon-derived transcript (MART) whose function in the skeletal tissue is unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the biological significance of RTL3 in chondrogenesis and type-II collagen (COL2A1) gene expression in chondrocytes. Expression of RTL3, SOX-9 and COL2A1 mRNAs was determined by TaqMan assays and the protein expression by immunoblotting. RTL3 and Sox-9 depletion in human chondrocytes was achieved using validated siRNAs. An RTL3 mutant (∆RTL3) lacking the zinc finger domain was created using in vitro mutagenesis. Forced expression of RTL3, ∆RTL3, and SOX-9 was achieved using CMV promoter containing expression plasmids. CRISPR-Cas9 was utilized to delete Rtl3 and create a stable ATDC5Rlt3-/- cell line. Matrix deposition and Col2a1 quantification during chondrogenesis were determined by Alcian blue staining and Sircol™ Soluble Collagen Assay, respectively. RTL3 is not ubiquitously expressed but showed strong expression in cartilage, chondrocytes and synoviocytes but not in muscle, brain, or other tissues analyzed. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies demonstrated a critical role of RTL3 in the regulation of SOX-9 and COL2A1 expression and matrix synthesis during chondrogenesis. Both RTL3 and SOX-9 displayed co-regulated expression in chondrocytes. Gene regulatory activity of RTL3 requires the c-terminal CCHC zinc-finger binding domain. Our results identify a novel regulatory mechanism of COL2A1 expression in chondrocytes that may help to further understand the skeletal development and the pathogenesis of diseases with altered COL2A1 expression.
Near threshold expansion of Feynman diagrams
Creators: name: Mendels, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The near threshold expansion of Feynman diagrams is derived from their configuration space representation, by performing all x integrations. The general scalar Feynman diagram is considered, with an arbitrary number of external momenta, an arbitrary number of internal lines and an arbitrary number of loops, in n dimensions and all masses may be different. The expansions are considered both below and above threshold. Rules, giving real and imaginary part, are derived. Unitarity of a sunset diagram with I internal lines is checked in a direct way by showing that its imaginary part is equal to the phase space integral of I particles.
description: 57 pages, 7 figures
Formation of supermassive black hole seeds in nuclear star clusters via gas accretion and runaway collisions
Creators: name: Das, Arpan
name: Schleicher, Dominik R. G.
name: Leigh, Nathan W. C.
name: Boekholt, Tjarda C. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: More than two hundred supermassive black holes (SMBHs) of masses $\gtrsim 10^9\,\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$ have been discovered at $z \gtrsim 6$. One promising pathway for the formation of SMBHs is through the collapse of supermassive stars (SMSs) with masses $\sim 10^{3-5}\,\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$ into seed black holes which could grow upto few times $10^9\,\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$ SMBHs observed at $z\sim 7$. In this paper, we explore how SMSs with masses $\sim 10^{3-5}\,\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$ could be formed via gas accretion and runaway stellar collisions in high-redshift, metal-poor nuclear star clusters (NSCs) using idealised N-body simulations. We explore physically motivated accretion scenarios, e.g. Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton accretion and Eddington accretion, as well as simplified scenarios such as constant accretions. While gas is present, the accretion timescale remains considerably shorter than the timescale for collisions with the most massive object (MMO). However, overall the timescale for collisions between any two stars in the cluster can become comparable or shorter than the accretion timescale, hence collisions still play a crucial role in determining the final mass of the SMSs. We find that the problem is highly sensitive to the initial conditions and our assumed recipe for the accretion, due to the highly chaotic nature of the problem. The key variables that determine the mass growth mechanism are the mass of the MMO and the gas reservoir that is available for the accretion. Depending on different conditions, SMSs of masses $\sim10^{3-5} \,\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$ can form for all three accretion scenarios considered in this work.
Controllable coherent population transfers in superconducting qubits for quantum computing
Creators: name: Wei, L. F.
name: Johansson, J. R.
name: Cen, L. X.
name: Ashhab, S.
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose an approach to coherently transfer populations between selected quantum states in one- and two-qubit systems by using controllable Stark-chirped rapid adiabatic passages (SCRAPs). These {\it evolution-time insensitive} transfers, assisted by easily implementable single-qubit phase-shift operations, could serve as elementary logic gates for quantum computing. Specifically, this proposal could be conveniently demonstrated with existing Josephson phase qubits. Our proposal can find an immediate application in the readout of these qubits. Indeed, the broken parity symmetries of the bound states in these artificial "atoms" provide an efficient approach to design the required adiabatic pulses.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures. to appear in Physical Review Letters
Discovery of a Very Young Field L Dwarf, 2MASS J01415823-4633574
Creators: name: Kirkpatrick, J. Davy
name: Barman, Travis S.
name: Burgasser, Adam J.
name: McGovern, Mark R.
name: McLean, Ian S.
name: Tinney, Christopher G.
name: Lowrance, Patrick J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While following up L dwarf candidates selected photometrically from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, we uncovered an unusual object designated 2MASS J01415823-4633574. Its optical spectrum exhibits very strong bands of vanadium oxide but abnormally weak absorptions by titanium oxide, potassium, and sodium. Morphologically such spectroscopic characteristics fall intermediate between old, field early-L dwarfs (log(g)~5) and very late M giants (log(g)~0), leading us to favor low gravity as the explanation for the unique spectral signatures of this L dwarf. Such a low gravity can be explained only if this L dwarf is much lower in mass than a typical old field L dwarf of similar temperature and is still contracting to its final radius. These conditions imply a very young age. Further evidence of youth is found in the near-infrared spectrum, including a triangular-shaped H-band continuum reminiscent of young brown dwarf candidates discovered in the Orion Nebula Cluster. Using the above information along with comparisons to brown dwarf atmospheric and interior models, our current best estimate is that this L dwarf has an age of 1-50 Myr and a mass of 6-25 M_Jupiter. The location of 2MASS 0141-4633 on the sky coupled with a distance estimate of ~35 pc and the above age estimate suggests that this object may be a brown dwarf member of either the 30-Myr-old Tucana/Horologium Association or the ~12-Myr-old beta Pic Moving Group.
description: Accepted for publication in the 10 March 2006 issue (volume 639) of the Astrophysical Journal
Biophysical characterization of catonic liposome/plasmid DNA complexes for gene therapy
Creators: name: Wasan, Ellen K.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The goal of gene therapy is to achieve expression of an exogenous gene that results in a specific functional change. Cationic liposome-based carriers of plasmid DNA ("lipoplexes") are the most widely used method of nonviral DNA delivery. Lipoplexes form through electrostatic interactions between DNA and liposomes. This thesis investigates how lipid composition and ionic environment affect the biophysical behavior of lipoplexes and their transfection ability. A major concern regarding lipoplex development is their instability in a physiological environment or salt solutions. Lipoplexes containing a cationic lipid and the transfection-helper lipid dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) exhibit heterogeneous morphology and variable activity. A charge ratio near neutrality or the presence of salts promotes super-aggregation (particle mean diameter > 1 µm). Cryo-transmission electron microscopy showed that liposome morphology differs when plasmid, oligodeoxynucleotides or phosphate anions are added. In conjunction with lipid mixing assays and particle size analysis, these observations demonstrate that charge ratio and charge density are critical for lipoplex structure. The extent of lipid mixing and aggregation, during or after lipoplex formation, is influenced by lipid composition as well as the presence of salt or serum. A multi-step lipid-mixing assay to model in vitro transfection demonstrated that lipoplexes with relatively high in vitro transfection undergo lipid-mixing reactions after salt or serum interactions. Significantly, liposomal internal aqueous contents were retained in the lipoplexes. This may allow the codelivery of drugs within the lipoplexes during transfection of cells. Smaller, salt-stable lipoplexes are desirable for systemic in vivo use. It was also of great interest to pursue development of lipoplexes capable of trapping drugs for codelivery (e.g. transfection enhancers). Such lipoplexes must be transfection-competent, possess a large trapped volume and have the ability to maintain an ion gradient for drug loading. This was achieved by replacing DOPE with cholesterol and including poly(ethylene glycol) to stabilize the lipoplexes against aggregation. A model amine drug, vincristine, was loaded into lipoplexes via a pH gradient. This research introduces the novel concept that salt-stable lipoplexes can be generated which can be loaded with secondary compounds for codelivery, adding a new functionality to cationic liposomes as carriers of DNA for gene therapy.
Transport characterization of magnetic states in Superconductor/Ferromagnet Nb/Co multilayers
Creators: name: Kapran, Olena M.
name: Morari, Roman
name: Golod, Taras
name: Borodianskyi, Evgenii A.
name: Boian, Vladimir
name: Prepelita, Andrei
name: Klenov, Nikolay
name: Sidorenko, Anatoli
name: Krasnov, Vladimir M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employment of the non-trivial proximity effect in Superconductor/Ferromagnet (S/F) heterostructures for creation of novel superconducting devices requires an accurate control of magnetic states in complex thin-film multilayers composing such devices. In this work we study experimentally in-plane transport properties of micro-structured Nb/Co multilayers. We apply various experimental techniques for characterization of multilayers, including the anisotropic magnetoresistance, the Hall effect and the first-order-reversal-curves analysis. We demonstrate that a combination of those techniques can provide a detailed knowledge of the magnetic state of the multilayer. In particular, we identify the range of existence of the coherently rotating, monodomain scissor-like state. It is anticipated, that in this noncollinear magnetic state the unconventional odd-frequency spin-triplet order parameter should appear. The non-hystertic nature of this state allows reversible tuning of the magnetic orientation. Thus, we identify the range of parameters and the procedure for controllable operation of devices based on such S/F heterostructures.
description: V2: 9 pages, 3 figures
Cimolomys Marsh 1889
Creators: name: Sahni, Ashok
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1972
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Multituberculata
Cimolomyidae
Cimolomys

description: CIMOLOMYS MARSH, 1889b
Cimolomys MARSH, 1889b, p. 84.
Cimolomys: CLEMENS, 1963b, p. 75.
TYPE-SPECIES: Cimolomys gracilis Marsh, 1 889b.
description: Published as part of Sahni, Ashok, 1972, The vertebrate Fauna of the Judith River formation, Montana, pp. 319-416 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 147 (6) on page 371, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3382461
PLANETOR: THE POTENTIAL TO ADAPT IT FOR ITALY
Creators: name: Boggia, Antonio
name: Klair, Kevin S.
name: Boggia, Antonio
name: Klair, Kevin S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Farm Management

description: This paper will discuss some of the results from studying Planetor, a computer program that the Center for Farm Financial Management is working on, to try to use it with Italian farm data, and to test if and how it would be possible to develop an Italian version of the program. Planetor is a computer program designed to help farmers evaluate the impacts of implementing sustainable farming practices.
Class elicitation session
Creators: name: O'Hagan, Zachary James
name: Otaegui, Alfonso
name: Rolle, Nicholas Revett
name: Schinzel, Eva
name: Zapana Almanza, Hector
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2016
Subjects: Aymara language

description: Question words; motion; verb inflection (ES); /tʃ/ vs. /tʃʰ/, /k'/ vs. /q'/ (NR); kinship terms (ZO)
Learning-based attacks in Cyber-Physical Systems: Exploration, Detection, and Control Cost trade-offs
Creators: name: Rangi, Anshuka
name: Khojasteh, Mohammad Javad
name: Franceschetti, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of learning-based attacks in linear systems, where the communication channel between the controller and the plant can be hijacked by a malicious attacker. We assume the attacker learns the dynamics of the system from observations, then overrides the controller's actuation signal, while mimicking legitimate operation by providing fictitious sensor readings to the controller. On the other hand, the controller is on a lookout to detect the presence of the attacker and tries to enhance the detection performance by carefully crafting its control signals. We study the trade-offs between the information acquired by the attacker from observations, the detection capabilities of the controller, and the control cost. Specifically, we provide tight upper and lower bounds on the expected $ε$-deception time, namely the time required by the controller to make a decision regarding the presence of an attacker with confidence at least $(1-ε\log(1/ε))$. We then show a probabilistic lower bound on the time that must be spent by the attacker learning the system, in order for the controller to have a given expected $ε$-deception time. We show that this bound is also order optimal, in the sense that if the attacker satisfies it, then there exists a learning algorithm with the given order expected deception time. Finally, we show a lower bound on the expected energy expenditure required to guarantee detection with confidence at least $1-ε\log(1/ε)$.
description: To appear in L4DC 2021. First two authors contributed equally
Südwestdeutsche Beiträge zur historischen Bauforschung, Bd. 9 (2024)
Creators: name: Südwestdeutsche Beiträge Zur Historischen Bauforschung
Publisher: name: Südwestdeutsche Beiträge zur historischen Bauforschung
Year: 2024

description: Anhang...215-224
Baugeschichtlicher Stadtkataster...25-214
Grundzüge der Stadtgeschichte Staufens...13-24
Vorbemerkungen...9-12
Inhalt
Vorwort
Titel
From Ultracompact to Extended HII Regions. II: Cloud Gravity and Stellar Motion
Creators: name: Franco, Jose
name: Garcia-Segura, Guillermo
name: Kurtz, Stan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical evolution of HII regions with and without stellar motion in dense, structured molecular clouds is studied. Clouds are modeled in hydrostatic equilibrium, with gaussian central cores and external halos that obey r**-2 and r**-3 density power laws. The cloud gravity is included as a time-independent, external force. Stellar velocities of 0, 2, 8, and 12 km/s are considered. When stellar motion is included, stars move from the central core to the edge of the cloud, producing transitions from ultracompact to extended HII regions as the stars move into lower density regions. The opposite behavior occurs when stars move toward the cloud cores. The main conclusion of our study is that ultracompact HII regions are pressure-confined entities while they remain embedded within dense cores. The confinement comes from ram and/or ambient pressures. The survival of ultracompact regions depends on the position of the star with respect to the core, the stellar life-time, and the core crossing time. Stars with velocities less than the cloud dispersion velocity can produce cometary shapes smaller than 0.1 pc at times of 20,000 yr or more. The sequence Ultracompact to Compact to Extended HII region shows a variety of unpredictable structures due to ionization-shock front instability. Some ultracompact HII regions with a core-halo morphology might be explained by self-blocking effects, when stars overtake and ionize leading, piled-up clumps of neutral gas. We use thermal energy to support the cloud against gravity; the results remain the same if other types of isotropic cloud support are used.
description: 27 pages, 7 ps figures, 5 png figures; submitted to Astrophysical Journal
The D3/D7 Background and Flavor Dependence of Regge Trajectories
Creators: name: Kirsch, Ingo
name: Vaman, Diana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of AdS/CFT with flavor, we consider the type IIB supergravity solution corresponding to a fully localized D3/D7 intersection. We complete the standard metric ansatz by providing an analytic expression for the warp factor, under the assumption of a logarithmically running axion-dilaton. From the gauge dual perspective, this behavior is related to the positive beta function of the N=4, d=4 SU(N_c) super Yang-Mills gauge theory, coupled to N_f fundamental N=2 hypermultiplets. We comment on the existence of tadpoles and relate them to the same gauge theory beta function. Next we consider a classical spinning string configuration in the decoupling limit of the D3/D7 geometry and extract the flavor (N_f) dependence of the associated meson Regge trajectory. Including the backreaction of the D7-branes in the supergravity dual allows for going beyond the quenched approximation on the dual gauge theory side.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures
The strong $L^p$-closure of vector fields with finitely many integer singularities on $B^3$
Creators: name: Caniato, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is aimed to investigate the strong $L^p$-closure $L_{\mathbb{Z}}^p(B)$ of the vector fields on the open unit ball $B\subset\mathbb{R}^3$ that are smooth up to finitely many integer point singularities. First, such strong closure is characterized for arbitrary $p\in[1,+\infty)$. Secondly, it is shown what happens if the integrability order $p$ is large enough (namely, if $p\ge 3/2$). Eventually, a decomposition theorem for elements in $L_{\mathbb{Z}}^1(B)$ is given, conveying information about the possibility of connecting the singular set of such vector fields by a mass-minimizing, integer 1-current on $B$ with finite mass.
From Entropy and Jet Quenching to Deconfinement?
Creators: name: Muller, Berndt
name: Rajagopal, Krishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The challenge of demonstrating that the matter produced in heavy ion collisions is a deconfined quark-gluon plasma, as predicted by lattice QCD calculations, is the challenge of measuring the number of thermodynamic degrees of freedom ν~ ε/T^4 at the time t0 at which the matter comes into approximate local thermal equilibrium and begins to behave like a hydrodynamic fluid. Data from experiments done at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider have been used to estimate t0 and to put a lower bound on the energy density ε(t0). However, measuring νhas seemed out of reach, because no current data serve even as qualitative proxies for the temperature T(t0). We point out that νmay equally appropriately be defined via ν~s^4/epsilon^3, where s is the entropy density, which can be estimated from the measured final state entropy. This estimate is based on the testable assumption of an isentropic expansion. The observation of jet quenching has the potential to provide an upper bound on the energy density at early times. Our goal is to motivate such an analysis by pointing out that it would set a lower bound on ν.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, JHEP style
Around the variational principle for metric mean dimension
Creators: name: Gutman, Yonatan
name: Śpiewak, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 37A05, 37A35, 37B40, 94A34

description: We study variational principles for metric mean dimension. First we prove that in the variational principle of Lindenstrauss and Tsukamoto it suffices to take supremum over ergodic measures. Second we derive a variational principle for metric mean dimension involving growth rates of measure-theoretic entropy of partitions decreasing in diameter which holds in full generality and in particular does not necessitate the assumption of tame growth of covering numbers. The expressions involved are a dynamical version of Renyi information dimension. Third we derive a new expression for Geiger-Koch information dimension rate for ergodic shift-invariant measures. Finally we develop a lower bound for metric mean dimension in terms of Brin-Katok local entropy.
description: Final authors' version with minor corrections. Accepted for publication in Studia Mathematica
Observation of the Anisotropy of 10 TeV Primary Cosmic Ray Nuclei Flux with the Super-Kamiokande-I Detector
Creators: name: Guillian, Gene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relative sidereal variation in the arrival direction of primary cosmic ray nuclei of median energy 10 TeV was measured using downward, through-going muons detected with the Super-Kamiokande-I detector. The projection of the anisotropy map onto the right ascension axis has a first harmonic amplitude of $(6.64 \pm 0.98 {stat.} \pm 0.55 {syst.}) \times 10^{-4}$ and a phase at maximum at $(33.2^\circ \pm 8.2^\circ {stat.} \pm 5.1^\circ {syst.})$ right ascension. A sky map in equatorial coordinates indicates an excess region in the constellation of Taurus and a deficit region toward Virgo. The excess region is centered at $(α_T, δ_T) = (75^\circ \pm 7^\circ, -5^\circ \pm 9^\circ)$ with a half opening angle $χ_T = (39 \pm 7)^\circ$; the excess flux is ($0.104 \pm 0.020$)% above the isotropic expectation. The corresponding parameters for the deficit region are $(α_V, δ_V) = (205^\circ \pm 7^\circ, 5^\circ \pm 10^\circ)$, $χ_V = (54 \pm 7)^\circ$, and $(-0.094 \pm 0.014)$%. The data do not allow us to rule out a pure dipole form for the anisotropy (allowed at 13% confidence level); they are better described by the excess and deficit cones described above. We explored the implications under the assumption that the true anisotropy is not distorted too much by the analysis filter so that it is well-described by the observed excess and deficit cones.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, submitted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Majorana multipole response: General theory and application to wallpaper groups
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Shingo
name: Yamazaki, Yuki
name: Yamakage, Ai
name: Sato, Masatoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whereas identification of Cooper pair symmetry is the first and crucial step in the investigation of unconventional superconductors, only a few have been established so far because of its own difficulties. To solve this problem, we develop a theory for identification of pairing symmetry using knowledge of topological superconductivity. Establishing the multipole theory of emergent Majorana fermions in time-reversal-invariant topological superconductors, we discover a one-to-one correspondence between the electromagnetic response of Majorana fermions and Cooper pair symmetry. The emergent Majorana fermions host magnetic structures that share the same irreducible representation with Cooper pairs under crystalline symmetry. We furthermore reveal that Majorana fermions in high-spin or nonsymmorphic superconductors may exhibit magnetic octupole responses, which give a direct evidence of these exotic superconducting states. Electric responses of multiple Majorana Kramers pairs are also clarified. Our theory provides the fundamentals for identification of unconventional Cooper pairings through surface-spin-sensitive measurements as well as that for manipulation of Majorana fermions by external electromagnetic fields.
description: 26 pages, 2 figures
USING PRIMARY AND SECONDARY DATA TO CONSTRUCT AN INPUT-OUTPUT TABLE--A CASE STUDY OF FOUR CITIES IN NORTHEASTERN MINNESOTA AND DOUGLAS COUNTY, WISCONSIN
Creators: name: Fox, Norman E.
name: Fox, Norman E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: The purpose of this paper is report on the construction of the thirty-five sector input-output table which represents the interindustry flows in a four-city area. The incorporated areas of the cities of Duluth, Two Harbors, and Cloquet in Minnesota, and Superior in Wisconsin are included in the study.
PUBLIC SUPPORT OF EXPERIMENT STATIONS
Creators: name: Peterson, Willis L.
name: Peterson, Willis L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Demand functions for teaching, research and extension (TRE) personnel in seven administrative units of U.S. agricultural experiment stations are estimated from panel data, decennial observations, 1950 to 1987. The results reveal that the demand for the services of TRE personnel has not declined in the 1980s, given the demographic and economic conditions of the times. Moreover, there is no evidence to suggest that the long run demand elasticities have declined during the post-World War II period in spite of economic growth. From these results one might conclude that the demand for the services produced by experiment stations will continue to increase as the real value of agricultural production, population, and real per capita income increase. However, substantial variation exists among states in their propensity to support their experiment stations and the various administrative units within the stations.
The need for dark matter in galaxies
Creators: name: Garfinkle, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cooperstock and Tieu have proposed a model to account for galactic rotation curves without invoking dark matter. I argue that no model of this type can work.
Anomalous Hall and Nernst effects in ferrimagnetic Mn$_4$N films: possible interpretation and prospect for enhancement
Creators: name: Isogami, Shinji
name: Masuda, Keisuke
name: Miura, Yoshio
name: Nagalingam, Rajamanickam
name: Sakuraba, Yuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ferrimagnetic Mn$_4$N is a promising material for heat flux sensors based on the anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) because of its sizable uniaxial magnetic anisotropy ($K_{\rm u}$) and low saturation magnetization ($M_{\rm s}$). We experimentally and theoretically investigated the ANE and anomalous Hall effect in sputter-deposited Mn$_4$N films. It was revealed that the observed negative anomalous Hall conductivity ($σ_{xy}$) could be explained by two different coexisting magnetic structures, that is, a dominant magnetic structure with high $K_{\rm u}$ contaminated by another structure with negligible $K_{\rm u}$ owing to an imperfect degree of order of nitrogen. The observed transverse thermoelectric power ($S_{\rm ANE}$) of $+0.5\, μ{\rm V/K}$ at $300\, {\rm K}$ gave a transverse thermoelectric coefficient ($α_{xy}$) of $+0.34\, {\rm A/(m \cdot K)}$, which was smaller than the value predicted from first-principles calculation. The interpretation for $α_{xy}$ based on the first-principles calculations led us to conclude that the realization of single magnetic structure with high $K_{\rm u}$ and optimal adjustment of the Fermi level are promising approaches to enhance $S_{\rm ANE}$ in Mn$_4$N through the sign reversal of $σ_{xy}$ and the enlargement of $α_{xy}$ up to a theoretical value of $1.77\, {\rm A/(m \cdot K)}$.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures, 1 table (including supplemental material)
Accuracy of Numerical Solution to Dynamic Programming Models
Creators: name: King, Robert P.
name: Lohano, Heman D.
name: King, Robert P.
name: Lohano, Heman D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Dynamic programming models with continuous state and control variables are solved approximately using numerical methods in most applications. We develop a method for measuring the accuracy of numerical solution of stochastic dynamic programming models. Using this method, we compare the accuracy of various interpolation schemes. As expected, the results show that the accuracy improves as number of nodes is increased. Comparison of Chebyshev and linear spline indicates that the linear spline may give higher maximum absolute error than Chebyshev, however, the overall performance of spline interpolation is better than Chebyshev interpolation for non-smooth functions. Two-stage grid search method of optimization is developed and examined with accuracy analysis. The results show that this method is more efficient and accurate. Accuracy is also examined by allocating a different number of nodes for each dimension. The results show that a change in node configuration may yield a more efficient and accurate solution.
Bounds on multiscalar CFTs in the epsilon expansion
Creators: name: Hogervorst, Matthijs
name: Toldo, Chiara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study fixed points with N scalar fields in $4 - \varepsilon$ dimensions to leading order in $\varepsilon$ using a bottom-up approach. We do so by analyzing O(N) invariants of the quartic coupling $λ_{ijkl}$ that describes such CFTs. In particular, we show that $λ_{iijj}$ and $λ_{ijkl}^2$ are restricted to a specific domain, refining a result by Rychkov and Stergiou. We also study averages of one-loop anomalous dimensions of composite operators without gradients. In many cases, we are able to show that the O(N) fixed point maximizes such averages. In the final part of this work, we generalize our results to theories with N complex scalars and to bosonic QED. In particular we show that to leading order in $\varepsilon$, there are no bosonic QED fixed points with N < 183 flavors.
description: 29 pages + appendices, 10 figures. v2: misprints corrected; v3: added comparison between complex and real bounds, minor edits, version to appear in JHEP
Assessment of the Suomi NPP VIIRS Land Surface Albedo Data Using Station Measurements and High-Resolution Albedo Maps
Creators: name: Zhou, Yuan
name: Wang, Dongdong
name: Liang, Shunlin
name: Yu, Yunyue
name: He, Tao
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2016
Subjects: albedo
Suomi NPP
VIIRS
Landsat
accuracy assessment

description: Land surface albedo (LSA), one of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) environmental data records (EDRs), is a fundamental component for linking the land surface and the climate system by regulating shortwave energy exchange between the land and the atmosphere. Currently, the improved bright pixel sub-algorithm (BPSA) is a unique algorithm employed by VIIRS to routinely generate LSA EDR from VIIRS top-of-atmosphere (TOA) observations. As a product validation procedure, LSA EDR reached validated (V1 stage) maturity in December 2014. This study summarizes recent progress in algorithm refinement, and presents comprehensive validation and evaluation results of VIIRS LSA by using extensive field measurements, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) albedo product, and Landsat-retrieved albedo maps. Results indicate that: (1) by testing the updated desert-specific look-up-table (LUT) that uses a stricter standard to select the training data specific for desert aerosol type in our local environment, it is found that the VIIRS LSA retrieval accuracy is improved over a desert surface and the absolute root mean square error (RMSE) is reduced from 0.036 to 0.023, suggesting the potential of the updated desert LUT to the improve the VIIRS LSA product accuracy; (2) LSA retrieval on snow-covered surfaces is more accurate if the newly developed snow-specific LUT (RMSE = 0.082) replaces the generic LUT (RMSE = 0.093) that is employed in the current operational LSA EDR production; (3) VIIRS LSA is also comparable to high-resolution Landsat albedo retrieval (RMSE < 0.04), although Landsat albedo has a slightly higher accuracy, probably owing to higher spatial resolution with less impacts of mixed pixel; (4) VIIRS LSA retrievals agree well with the MODIS albedo product over various land surface types, with overall RMSE of lower than 0.05 and the overall bias as low as 0.025, demonstrating the comparable data quality between VIIRS and the MODIS LSA product.