cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Layer shift factor in layered hybrid perovskites -- univocal quantitative descriptor of composition-structure-property relationships
Creators: name: Marchenko, Ekaterina I.
name: Korolev, Vadim V.
name: Mitrofanov, Artem
name: Fateev, Sergey A.
name: Goodilin, Eugene A.
name: Tarasov, Alexey B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asceding interest of the scientific community in layered hybrid halide perovskites (LHHPs) as materials for innovative photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications led to unprecedented expansion of this family of compounds, reaching now several hundred refined structures. Despite the unique structural diversity of LHHPs, traditional approaches of describing their structures, such as dividing into Dion-Jacobson (DJ) or Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phases for mostt structures are ambiguous and unquantifiable. Here, we introduced a quantitative layer shift factor (LSF) for a univocal classification and quantitative comparison of the structures. We also developed an algorithm for automatic calculation of the LSF for such structures. We demonstrate the application of the proposed approach for an analysis of correlations between LSF and band gap to reveal "structure-property" relationships. Our study gives a simple and useful approach to classify of either the layered perovskite-like structures or other layered compounds composed of layers of vertex-connected octahedra as a structural unit.
Agricultural Trade Preferences and the Developing Countries
Creators: name: Wainio, John
name: Shapouri, Shahla
name: Trueblood, Michael A.
name: Gibson, Paul R.
name: Wainio, John
name: Shapouri, Shahla
name: Trueblood, Michael A.
name: Gibson, Paul R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Tariff
subject: agricultural trade
subject: preferences
subject: least developed countries
subject: market access
subject: World Trade Organization
subject: WTO

description: Nonreciprocal trade preference programs originated in the 1970s under the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) as an effort by high-income developed countries to provide tariff concessions for low-income countries. The goal of the programs was to increase export earnings, promote industrialization, and stimulate economic growth in the lower income countries. This study analyzes detailed trade and tariff data for the United States and the European Union (the two largest nonreciprocal preference donors) to determine the extent to which the programs have increased exports from beneficiary countries. For those products where the margins of preference are large and where beneficiaries have a comparative advantage and the capacity to expand production, these programs can create adequate incentives leading to a growing export market. The analysis finds that the programs offer significant benefits for some countries, mostly the higher income developing countries. Economic benefits in the least developed countries have been modest. An unanswered question is whether these gains will continue after the incentives are reduced.
Additional file 3 of Deep active learning for classifying cancer pathology reports
Creators: name: Angeli, Kevin De
name: Gao, Shang
name: Alawad, Mohammed
name: Yoon, Hong-Jun
name: Schaefferkoetter, Noah
name: Wu, Xiao-Cheng
name: Durbin, Eric B.
name: Doherty, Jennifer
name: Stroup, Antoinette
name: Coyle, Linda
name: Penberthy, Lynne
name: Tourassi, Georgia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 3. Bootstrapping procedure for confidence.
An Investigation of Low-Strength Concrete and Resulting Structural Failure in a Bridge Deck
Creators: name: Havens, James H.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1970
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This investigation concerns the discovery of weak concrete in a portion of the deck of the Elkhorn City bridge, APD 640(4), within a year after it was opened to traffic. The deck concrete was placed between April 14 and June 14, 1968. The bridge serves heavy coal-trucks traffic. Failures occurred in the eastern-most span (No. 5) in April or May of 1969, Undoubtedly, the heavy loading contributed to early disclosure of defective concrete.  A preliminary investigation was made in May 1969, and reported by memorandum May 21, 1969. The bottom third or half of concrete in the affected portion, Span 5, was found to be atypical. The color was light tan -- contradistinctive from a greenish gray prevailing elsewhere.  The bridge is pictured in Fig. 1. Span 5 is at the far end. A coal-truck is shown on Span 2. Fig. 2 shows the failure zone from underneath, Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the approximate limits of the affected area of Span 5 and the location of cores is pictured in Fig. 4.  During the May 1969 investigation, rebound readings were made with a Swiss Hammer, on top of the deck, in the failed area, Low readings were obtained near the hole in the deck and along some transverse cracks. However, in general, the readings were not extremely low nor did the top surface of the deck appear abnormal. The cause of the high rebound readings is revealed by the cores (Nos. 1, 2, and 3). Obviously, the lower portions were not strong enough to withstand coring. Remnants of the bottoms of cores and spells from the deck appeared to be crumbly and light in weight. From microscopic examination, it appeared to contain sufficient -- if not excessive -- cement and also appeared to contain excessive air bubbles. It was hypothesized, in the original report, that either the cement had come from an alien source or was "spent" or "poisoned". The defective concrete was the first poured (April 24, 1968) on the deck and was, possibly, the first hatched in the season. It was spread rather uniformly and covered with normal concrete.  The defective concrete was removed and replaced with new concrete by the contractor later in 1969.  By letter of September 5, 1969, the Bureau of Public Roads urged further inquiry into the matter -- from the standpoint of discerning or defining cause of the trouble.
Cataclysmic and Close Binaries in Star Clusters. V. Erupting Dwarf Novae, Faint Blue Stars, X-ray sources, and the Classical Nova in the Core of M80
Creators: name: Shara, Michael M.
name: Hinkley, Sasha
name: Zurek, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large populations of cataclysmic variables (CVs) in globular clusters have long been predicted, but the number of absolutely certain cluster CVs known in globulars is still less than 10. HST and Chandra observers have recently found dozens of cataclysmic variable candidates in several populous globular clusters. Confirmation and characterization of these candidates are extremely difficult, thus identification of unambiguous CVs remains important. We have searched all archival HST images of the dense globular cluster M80 for erupting dwarf novae (DN), and to check the outburst behaviors of two very blue objects first identified a decade ago. Two new erupting dwarf novae were found in 8 searched epochs, making M80 a record holder for erupting DN. The quiescent classical nova in M80 varies by no more than a few tenths of a magnitude on timescales of minutes to years, and a similar faint, blue object varies by a similar amount. Simulations and completeness tests indicate that there are at most 3 erupting DN like SS Cyg and at most 9 U Gem-like DN in M80. Either this very dense cluster contains about an order of magnitude fewer CVs than theory predicts, or most M80 CVs are extremely faint and/or erupt very infrequently like WZ Sge. We have detected a sequence of 54 objects running parallel to the main sequence and several tenths of a magnitude bluewards of it. These blue objects are significantly more centrally concentrated than the main sequence stars, but not as centrally concentrated as the blue stragglers. We suggest that these objects are white dwarf--red dwarf binaries, and that some are the faint CV population of M80.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 34 pages, 19 figures, 2 tables
Screw dislocations in the X-cube fracton model
Creators: name: Manoj, Nandagopal
name: Slagle, Kevin
name: Shirley, Wilbur
name: Chen, Xie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The X-cube model, a prototypical gapped fracton model, has been shown to have a foliation structure. That is, inside the 3+1D model, there are hidden layers of 2+1D gapped topological states. A screw dislocation in a 3+1D lattice can often reveal nontrivial features associated with a layered structure. In this paper, we study the X-cube model on lattices with screw dislocations. In particular, we find that a screw dislocation results in a finite change in the logarithm of the ground state degeneracy of the model. Part of the change can be traced back to the effect of screw dislocations in a simple stack of 2+1D topological states, hence corroborating the foliation structure in the model. The other part of the change comes from the induced motion of fractons or sub-dimensional excitations along the dislocation, a feature absent in the stack of 2+1D layers.
description: 24+4 pages, 26 figures, 1 table
THE 2005 GULF COAST HURRICANES' EFFECT ON FOOD STAMP PROGRAM CASELOADS AND BENEFITS ISSUED
Creators: name: Hanson, Kenneth
name: Oliveira, Victor
name: Hanson, Kenneth
name: Oliveira, Victor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food Stamp Program
subject: Disaster Food Stamp Program
subject: food stamp caseloads
subject: food stamp benefits issued
subject: hurricanes
subject: Gulf Coast States
subject: Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Program
subject: FANRP

description: In fall 2005, Hurricanes Katrina, Rita, and Wilma devastated areas along much of the Gulf Coast resulting in large increases in food stamp caseloads and benefits issued. In November 2005, the number of people receiving food stamps reached a record 29.7 million, or about 4 million more participants than just 3 months earlier. Most of the increase in caseloads occurred in the Gulf Coast States that were hardest hit by the hurricanes—Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas. The hurricanes’ impact on caseloads in these States, in terms of both magnitude and duration, varied widely. States that received large numbers of evacuees from hurricane-affected areas also experienced disproportionate increases in caseloads relative to the other States. This study estimates that the hurricanes increased total food stamp benefits issued by about $1.2 billion, with most of it going to people located in the five Gulf Coast States.
Median Design and Accident Histories
Creators: name: Garner, Gordon R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1970
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The purpose of this study was to provide information concerning the accident histories of various median types to verify minimum requirements for width and cross section. Previous accident studies failed to disclose significant relationships between median width and accident rates. Those studies did not recognize or control several important variables that were controlled in the present study. The efforts here are to compare median types on rural, four-lane, fully controlled access facilities with similar geometries other than median types. An attempt was made to account for some of the Variability in the accident data. Thus, this study gives information on the operational performances of several medians and offers persuading analyses with respect to the design or styling of medians.
Zur Problematik der Konsensus-Texte über Taufe, Eucharistie und Amt
Creators: name: Konidarēs, Gerasimos I.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 29 Nr. 3 (1980): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 29, Heft 3
Secondary crops based farming systems and their integration with processing and marketing in Sri Lanka
Creators: name: Mahrouf, Abdul R.M.
name: Mahrouf, Abdul R.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Farm Management

description: This reports presents the findings of the Phase II study of the AGRIDIV project (Identification of pulling factors for enhancing sustainable development of diverse agriculture in selected Asian Countries), which provides a descriptive and quantitative assessment of the performance of secondary crops-based farming systems and their horizontal integration in relation to private sectors processing and institutional arrangements. The study will clarify the impact of diversification and policy analysis from a farmer, consumer and industry perspective.
Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement
Creators: name: Havens, James H.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1970
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: A sampling-type crack survey was made in July 1969; 200 feet in each 1000 feet were sampled. The average interval between cracks was 5.78 feet. Paving was completed in late 1968. The average crack interval in July 1970 was 4.14 feet. The 1970 survey was also a sampling type.  It is apparent that cracking approached maturity or equilibrium during the first year. Apparently, too, most of the cracking occurred during the first few weeks after construction – which suggests curing shrinkage as a contributory cause. A discussion of the significance of time and temperature will follow the presentation of other survey observations.  A frequency-distribution graph of crack intervals was prepared (Figure 1) to illustrate the mode. Although no discrete mode is apparent, it is evident that there was a strong tendency for cracks to occur at intervals ranging between 1 and 6 feet. The dominant interval appears to be 2 feet. Typical cracks are illustrated in the accompanying photographs (Figures 2 through 6).
On the dc Magnetization, Spontaneous Vortex State and Specific Heat in the superconducting state of the weakly ferromagnetic superconductor RuSr$_{2}$GdCu$_{2}$O$_{8}$
Creators: name: Papageorgiou, Thomas P.
name: Casini, Ennio
name: Braun, Hans F.
name: Herrmannsdörfer, Thomas
name: Bianchi, Andrea D.
name: Wosnitza, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic-field changes $
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Pass-and-Swap Queues
Creators: name: Comte, Céline
name: Dorsman, Jan-Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.3
subject: 60K25 (Primary), 60K30 (Secondary)

description: Order-independent (OI) queues, introduced by Berezner, Kriel, and Krzesinski in 1995, expanded the family of multi-class queues that are known to have a product-form stationary distribution by allowing for intricate class-dependent service rates. This paper further broadens this family by introducing pass-and-swap (P&S) queues, an extension of OI queues where, upon a service completion, the customer that completes service is not necessarily the one that leaves the system. More precisely, we supplement the OI queue model with an undirected graph on the customer classes, which we call a swapping graph, such that there is an edge between two classes if customers of these classes can be swapped with one another. When a customer completes service, it passes over customers in the remainder of the queue until it finds a customer it can swap positions with, that is, a customer whose class is a neighbor in the graph. In its turn, the customer that is ejected from its position takes the position of the next customer it can be swapped with, and so on. This is repeated until a customer can no longer find another customer to be swapped with; this customer is the one that leaves the queue. After proving that P&S queues have a product-form stationary distribution, we derive a necessary and sufficient stability condition for (open networks of) P&S queues that also applies to OI queues. We then study irreducibility properties of closed networks of P&S queues and derive the corresponding product-form stationary distribution. Lastly, we demonstrate that closed networks of P&S queues can be applied to describe the dynamics of new and existing load-distribution and scheduling protocols in clusters of machines in which jobs have assignment constraints.
description: 44 pages, 15 figures
Orthodoxe Soziallehre und innerweltliche Askese
Creators: name: Savramis, Demosthenes
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 29 Nr. 3 (1980): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 29, Heft 3
Evaluation of Cored Specimens from Timber Caisson Beneath Pier No. 2 of the US 25 Bridge over the Ohio River between Covington and Cincinnati
Creators: name: Havens, James H.
name: Rahal, Assaf S.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1970
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Pier No. 2 of the former C&O Bridge at Covington is off-shore from the Kentucky side of the Ohio River. It was built in 1887. In 1927, this pier was extended downstream to support a new railroad bridge. The other three piers remained independent. The original structure was then converted to highway use and was purchased by the Commonwealth of Kentucky in 1937. In 1968, an engineering analysis of the superstructure indicated critical deficiencies in terms of "safety factors", and the bridge was closed to all traffic. Subsequently, various plans for reconstruction came under consideration. Of greatest significance here is the consideration toward re-use of Pier No. 2 – jointly with a new highway bridge and the existing railroad bridge. Cost estimates appeared persuasive; the structural feasibility remained dependent upon the integrity of the pier -- more specifically, the worthiness of the masonry, concrete, and the underlying timber caisson.  Prior to removal of the steel superstructure (fall of 1970), vertical cores were extracted from Pier No. 2 for evaluation. This report concerns the evaluation of specimens of wood from the timber caisson.  The substructure construction was described by Wm. H. Burr, in the Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. XXIII, 1890; a copy is appended hereto for convenient reference; Plate XIII, therein, is most pertinent.
Heteragrion brianmayi : Lencioni 2013
Creators: name: Vilela, Diogo Silva
name: Lencioni, Frederico A. A.
name: Bota-Sierra, Cornelio A.
name: Ware, Jessica L.
name: Bispo, Pitágoras C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Megapodagrionidae
Heteragrion
Heteragrion brianmayi

description: Heteragrion brianmayi Lencioni, 2013
(Figs. 18a–d)
[Key locator: Key to Group A species, couplet 25’]
 Heteragrion brianmayi: Lencioni 2013: 15–16 (description of ♁ and ♀ from São Paulo state, Brazil; diagnosis, distribution and comparison with other species; figs. 27, 38d–f, 43a–c, 49a–b, 58b–c, 66–67, 76); Ávila-Jr. et al. 2017: 284 (comparison with H. cauei);— Lencioni 2017: 133–134 (general taxonomic information; distribution; figs. 60–61).
 Material examined. 1♁ (HOLOTYPE) BRAZIL, São Paulo state, Caraguatatuba, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar —Núcleo Caraguatatuba, 5.ii.2000, (-23.5933, -45.4186, 61 m asl), F.A.A. Lencioni leg., FAAL; 1♁ (PARATYPE) Ubatuba, 12.i.2011, F.A.A. Lencioni leg., FAAL.
 Known distribution. Brazil (coastal areas of São Paulo state).
 Diagnosis and remarks. The IUCN Red List has classified H. brianmayi as Data Deficient due to a paucity of information on its distribution and potential threats (Vilela & Guillermo-Ferreira 2021b). The species is close to H. itacolomii and can be distinguished from this and the remainder of Group A species by the following combination of characteristics: BP ventral concavity not greatly expanded (Figs. 18c–d); ML upper plate narrow, longer than wide, ridge centered (Fig. 18d).
description: Published as part of Vilela, Diogo Silva, Lencioni, Frederico A. A., Bota-Sierra, Cornelio A., Ware, Jessica L. & Bispo, Pitágoras C., 2023, Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Heteragrion Selys, 1862 (Zygoptera: Heteragrionidae): male morphology, new species and illustrated key, pp. 1-96 in Zootaxa 5356 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5356.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10008529
Dirac Neutrinos and Hybrid Inflation from String Theory
Creators: name: Antusch, Stefan
name: Eyton-Williams, Oliver J.
name: King, Steve F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a possible scenario for the generation of Dirac neutrino masses motivated by Type I string theory. The smallness of the neutrino Yukawa couplings is explained by an anisotropic compactification with one compactification radius larger than the others. In addition to this we utilise small Yukawa couplings to develop strong links between the origin of neutrino masses and the physics driving inflation. We construct a minimal model which simultaneously accommodates small Dirac neutrino masses leading to bi-large lepton mixing as well as an inflationary solution to the strong CP and to the $μ$ problem.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures, typos corrected, reference added to section 1
The Economic Consequences of the Obese
Creators: name: Runge, C. Ford
name: Runge, C. Ford
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy

description: The private and social costs of obesity have many causes, but their consequences can be grimly predicted with rough accuracy. Among the most devastating is the increased incidence of diabetes, of which 60 percent can be directly attributed to weight gain. There are now about a billion people worldwide who are overweight or obese, compared to 850 million who are chronically underweight. It is estimated that the number of people worldwide with diabetes will increase from 175 million in 2000 to 353 million in 2030, with India and China together accounting for 24 percent of the 2050 total. Obesity and its economic costs are borne on three levels. At an individual level, obesity imposes costs by limiting personal opportunity in many ways, some of which can be quantified and some of which cannot. In the workplace (assuming the obese are employed, which they may not be, due in part to their condition), costs are borne by employers due to lost productivity, absences, underperformance, and higher insurance premia which in the aggregate are quite large. Finally, obesity affects expenditures by local, state and national governments, where programs compensate for or cover some of the private and workforce costs of illness and unemployment.
The mad scene from Handel's Orlando: a new attempt at staging
Creators: name: Spencer, Reid Donald
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: There is an increasing interest in the operas of Georg Frideric Handel, both from a scholarly perspective, and that of the modern, professional opera company. Producers of Handelian opera have moved away from productions similar to those staged in Halle, Germany, in the 1920s, which featured vastly reduced recitative and stripped the da capo aria to a single statement of the 'A' section. Modern productions have restored Handel's musical text, and in addition have attempted to recreate the original dramatic conditions and ethos of the work. The problem faced by the Halle producers still exists, however. How does the modern producer satisfy the expectations of the modern audience, while remaining faithful to the intention of the composer and the original production. This paper will investigate a possible approach to staging Handelian opera, with specific reference to the 'Mad Scene' from Handel's opera Orlando. Included in this examination will be a discussion of eighteenth-century British staging practices. These elements will be considered in the light of stage design and scenic practices of the period.
AOUP in the presence of Brownian noise: a perturbative approach
Creators: name: Martin, David
name: de Pirey, Thibaut Arnoulx
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By working in the small persistence time limit, we determine the steady-state distribution of an Active Ornstein Uhlenbeck Particle (AOUP) experiencing, in addition to self-propulsion, a Gaussian white noise modelling a bath at temperature T. This allows us to derive analytical formulas for three quantities: the spatial density of a confined particle, the current induced by an asymmetric periodic potential and the entropy production rate. These formulas disentangle the respective roles of the passive and active noises on the steady state of AOUPs, showing that signatures of non-equilibrium can display surprising behaviors as the temperature is varied. Indeed, depending on the potential in which the particle evolves, both the current and the entropy production rate can be non-monotonic functions of T. The latter can even diverge at high temperature for steep enough confining potentials. Thus, depending on context, switching on translational diffusion may drive the particle closer to or further away from equilibrium. We then probe the range of validity of our quantitative derivations by numerical simulations. Finally, we explain how the method presented here to tackle perturbatively an Ornstein Uhlenbeck (OU) noise could be further generalized beyond the Brownian case.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
D-branes in the Lorentzian Melvin Geometry
Creators: name: Tai, Ta-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider string theory on the Lorentzian Melvin geometry, which is obtained by analytically continuing the two-parameter Euclidean Melvin background. Because this model provides a solvable conformal field theory that describes time-dependent twisted string dynamics, we study the string one-loop partition function and the D-brane spectrum. We found that both the wrapping D2-brane and the codimension-one D-string emit winding strings, and this behavior can be traced to the modified open string Hamiltonian on these probe D-branes.
description: 13 pages, v2,v3,v4: changes and references added, v5: final version in PTP
VALUATION OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY CONTINGENT VALUES, PUBLIC POLICY NEEDS, AND DAMAGE FUNCTIONS
Creators: name: Poe, Gregory L.
name: Poe, Gregory L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: In a departure from past contingent valuation research of groundwater quality, this paper estimates a damage function for nitrate exposures based on actual water test results of individual wells. From the perspective of reliability, it is argued that such a full information approach more closely represents the goal of valuation research in this area -to estimate the economic values that people would place on improving water quality if they were actually experiencing contaminated water. The adoption of a damage function approach linking willingness to pay to actual exposures is also more useful to policy makers at the study site because it potentially provides benefit information to a broad range of policy options. Finally, because the damage function is based on objective data that could be obtained from other sources such as local well test programs, such an approach may be desirable from a benefits transfer perspective. Damages, as measured by willingness to pay for protecting individual well supplies within a 10 mg/L NO,-N health standards are estimated to be a concave function of nitrate exposure levels.
THE EMPIRICAL IMPACT OF BOVINE SOMATOTROPIN ON A GROUP OF NEW YORK DAIRY FARMS
Creators: name: Stefanides, Zdenko
name: Tauer, Loren W.
name: Stefanides, Zdenko
name: Tauer, Loren W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Data from a panel of New York Dairy farms were used to estimate rbST adoption functions, and to measure the impact of rbST on milk output and profitability per cow. Adoption results are consistent with previous rbST adoption studies. Farm size, productivity and education of the principal operator are the most important explanatory variables influencing adoption. The use of rbST was found to significantly increase milk output per cow net of other explanatory variables, correcting for self-selection with respect to rbST use. The impact on profits, was, however, not statistically different from zero at any conventional statistical significance level.
Galaxy evolution across environments as probed by the ages, stellar metallicities and [alpha/Fe] of central and satellite galaxies
Creators: name: Gallazzi, Anna R.
name: Pasquali, Anna
name: Zibetti, Stefano
name: La Barbera, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore how the star formation and metal enrichment histories of present-day galaxies have been affected by environment combining stellar population parameter estimates and group environment characterization for SDSS DR7. We compare stellar ages, stellar metallicities and element abundance ratios [alpha/Fe] of satellite and central galaxies, as a function of their stellar and host group halo mass, controlling for the current star formation rate and for the infall epoch. We confirm that below log(Mstar/Msun)=10.5 satellites are older and metal-richer than equally-massive central galaxies. On the contrary, we do not detect any difference in their [alpha/Fe]: this depends primarily on stellar mass and not on group hierarchy nor host halo mass. We also find that the differences in the median age and metallicity of satellites and centrals at stellar mass below 10^{10.5}Msun are largely due to the higher fraction of passive galaxies among satellites and as a function of halo mass. We argue that the observed trends at low masses reveal the action of satellite-specific environmental effects in a `delayed-then-rapid' fashion. When accounting for the varying quiescent fraction, small residual excess in age, metallicity and [alpha/Fe] emerge for satellites dominated by old stellar populations and residing in halos more massive than 10^{14}Msun, compared to equally-massive central galaxies. This excess in age, metallicity and [alpha/Fe] pertain to ancient infallers, i.e. satellites that have accreted onto the current halo more than 5 Gyr ago. This result points to the action of environment in the early phases of star formation in galaxies located close to cosmic density peaks.
description: accepted for publication on MNRAS, minor revisions after referee report, 24 pages, 12 figures, 3 Appendices
Retrograde Polish Doughnuts around Boson Stars
Creators: name: Teodoro, Matheus C.
name: Collodel, Lucas G.
name: Kunz, Jutta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate Polish doughnuts with a uniform constant specific angular momentum distribution in the space-times of rotating boson stars. In such space-times thick tori can exhibit unique features not present in Kerr space-times. For instance, in the context of retrograde tori, they may possess two centers connected or not by a cusp. Rotating boson stars also feature a static ring, neither present in Kerr space-times. This static ring consists of static orbits, where particles are at rest with respect to a zero angular momentum observer at infinity. Here we show that the presence of a static ring allows for an associated static surface of a retrograde thick torus, where inside the static surface the fluid moves in prograde direction. We classify the retrograde Polish doughnuts and present several specific examples.
Heteragrion calafatiensis Mendoza-Penagos, Juen & Vilela 2022
Creators: name: Vilela, Diogo Silva
name: Lencioni, Frederico A. A.
name: Bota-Sierra, Cornelio A.
name: Ware, Jessica L.
name: Bispo, Pitágoras C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Megapodagrionidae
Heteragrion
Heteragrion calafatiensis

description: Heteragrion calafatiensis Mendoza-Penagos, Juen & Vilela, 2022
(Figs. 19a–d)
[Key locator: Key to Group B species, couplet 21 (20)]
 Heteragrion calafatiensis: Mendoza-Penagos et al. 2022: 223–229 (description of ♁ from Pará state, Brazil; diagnosis and comparison with H. chlorotaeniatum; figs. 1, 2a–d).
 Material examined. 1♁ (HOLOTYPE) BRAZIL, Pará, Magalhães Barata, way to Calafate village, near to the Marapanim River, 26.ix.2021, (-0.8632, -47.6680, 20m asl), C.C. Mendoza-Penagos leg., UFPA.
 Known distribution. Brazil (Northeastern Pará state).
 Diagnosis and remarks. This newly described species, known only from the male holotype (Mendoza-Penagos et al. 2022), can be separated from the remainder of Group B species by the following character combination: BP with a nearly straight margin (Fig. 19c); MP the shortest portion of cercus in length (Fig. 19c); Ridge above ML upcurved, not very long (Fig. 19c); MP–AP junction forming a nearly straight line with AP (Fig. 19c); in lateral view, ML bent downwards (Fig. 19d); ML apex rounded (Fig. 19c).
description: Published as part of Vilela, Diogo Silva, Lencioni, Frederico A. A., Bota-Sierra, Cornelio A., Ware, Jessica L. & Bispo, Pitágoras C., 2023, Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Heteragrion Selys, 1862 (Zygoptera: Heteragrionidae): male morphology, new species and illustrated key, pp. 1-96 in Zootaxa 5356 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5356.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10008529
Controlled switching of intrinsic localized modes in a 1-D antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Wrubel, J. P.
name: Sato, M.
name: Sievers, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nearly steady-state locked intrinsic localized modes (ILMs) in the quasi-1d antiferromagnet (C2H5NH3)2CuCl4 are detected via four-wave mixing emission or the uniform mode absorption. Exploiting the long-time stability of these locked ILMs, repeatable nonlinear switching is observed by varying the sample temperature, and localized modes with various amplitudes are created by modulation of the microwave driver power. This steady-state ILM locking technique could be used to produce energy localization in other atomic lattices.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. v.2 : clarifications of text and figures in response to comments
CAN HYPOTHETICAL, QUESTIONS PREDICT ACTUAL, PARTICIPATION IN PUBLIC PROGRAMS? A FIELD VALIDITY TEST USING A PROVISION POINT MECHANISM
Creators: name: Poe, Gregory L.
name: Clark, Jeremy
name: Schulze, William D.
name: Poe, Gregory L.
name: Clark, Jeremy
name: Schulze, William D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Public Economics
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation utilized a demand revealing public good mechanism to implement a green electricity program for provision of renewable energy and planting trees. This GreenChoiceTM program provided an opportunity to test the reliability of contingent valuation for predicting actual participation levels. In this study, participation levels predicted by hypothetical open-ended and dichotomous choice questions are compared to a reference level obtained from the actual GreenChoiceTM program. This approach represents an important improvement over past public goods contingent valuation validity tests which have relied on voluntary contribution mechanisms to elicit actual willingness to pay, and thus are likely to overestimate hypothetical bias because of free riding. Yet, even with a demand revealing mechanism and controlling for awareness, hypothetical participation levels obtained from dichotomous choice responses are found to significantly exceed actual contributions. In contrast, open-ended responses predict actual contribution levels, in that hypothetical open-ended responses are not significantly different from actual responses. Calibration of hypothetical responses is also explored.
Additional file 1 of Effects of maternal folic acid supplementation during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy on neurocognitive development in the child: an 11-year follow-up from a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Caffrey, Aoife
name: McNulty, Helene
name: Rollins, Mark
name: Girijesh Prasad
name: Gaur, Pramod
name: Talcott, Joel B.
name: Witton, Caroline
name: Cassidy, Tony
name: Marshall, Barry
name: Dornan, James
name: Moore, Adrian J.
name: Ward, Mary
name: J. J. Strain
name: Molloy, Anne M.
name: McLaughlin, Marian
name: Lees-Murdock, Diane J.
name: Walsh, Colum P.
name: Pentieva, Kristina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Methods. Supplementary details in relation to magnetoencephalographic brain imaging. Table S1. Maternal characteristics during pregnancy in all FASSTT trial participants and in the sample whose children completed the FASSTT Offspring trial at 11 years. Table S2. Full Scale IQ, composite and subtest scores for the WISC-IV cognitive assessment in FASSTT Offspring trial participants. Table S3. Maternal characteristics during pregnancy in all FASSTT trial participants and in the sub-sample whose children completed the MEG assessment in the FASSTT Offspring trial.
VOLUNTARY REVELATION OF THE DEMAND FOR PUBLIC GOODS USING A PROVISION POINT MECHANISM
Creators: name: Rondeau, Daniel
name: Schulze, William D.
name: Poe, Gregory L.
name: Rondeau, Daniel
name: Schulze, William D.
name: Poe, Gregory L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: public goods
subject: voluntary contributions
subject: provision point
subject: experiments
subject: information
subject: group size

description: A one-shot provision point mechanism with money-back guarantee and proportional rebate of excess contributions is tested in an induced value framework and in experimental environments chosen to mimic field conditions. The results show that this relatively simple mechanism is empirically demand revealing in the aggregate when used with large groups of students who have heterogenous valuations for the public good. Approximately demand revealing behavior was obtained under three alternative information conditions. These results are an important step in the design of a mechanism simple enough to allow field applications, but capable of efficiently providing public goods through voluntary contributions.
description: Revised July 1998
A BIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE NORTHERN ANCHOVY
Creators: name: Conrad, Jon M.
name: Conrad, Jon M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: A simple bioeconomic model was specified and estimated for the central subpopulation of the northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax). Net population growth was described by a power function and harvest by the U. S. reduction fleet was modelled by an exponential production function. When incorporated into a bioeconomic model they allowed the derivation of two explicit functions, Y = Ö(X) and Y = Ø(X) which could be used to depict the bioeconomic optimum. The roots of Ö(X) have important economic interpretations and can be used to characterize the economic status of the fishery. The positively-sloped segment of the Ö(X) curve may be used as an approximately-optimal adaptive management policy. For the set of bioeconomic parameters circa 1990, anchovy biomass would need to increase to about 1 million metric tons before arousing the economic interest of the wetfish fleet. Alternatively, a price/cost ratio of 0.6 or more would imply positive net revenues at a biomass of 350,000 metric tons. The current price/cost ratio may be as low as 0.1 and the current estimate of biomass is about 300,000 metric tons. Thus, unless there is a dramatic increase in the demand for oil and fish meal or a spectacular increase in biomass, it seems unlikely that there will be a resurgence in the reduction fishery for anchovy in the near future.
Coordination Strategy Decisions in Sao Paulo's Fresh Produce Markets: An Empirical Validation of the Peterson, Wysocki & Harsh Framework
Creators: name: Mainville, Denise Y.
name: Peterson, H. Christopher
name: Mainville, Denise Y.
name: Peterson, H. Christopher
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Coordination strategy
subject: decision-making
subject: fresh produce
subject: transaction cost economics
subject: strategic management

description: This paper provides an empirical validation of the Peterson, Wysocki & Harsh (PWH) framework for coordination strategy decisions, drawing evidence from four firms' procurement strategies in São Paulo's fresh produce markets. The results support the hypothesis that the PWH framework provides empirical and theoretical insight into firm managers' coordination decisions. The cases show how asset specificity and complementarity affect the costliness of coordination decisions, how this costliness drives the decision to change coordination strategies, and how feasibility and risk/return criteria also apply. Additional insights into coordination strategy decisions that were generated in applying the framework and their potential relevance to the framework are discussed.
Guangzhou Buyers Preference for Premium Hawaiian Grown Product Gift Baskets
Creators: name: Chan-Halbrendt, Catherine
name: Yu, Jin
name: Keung, Helen
name: Lin, Tun
name: Ferguson, Carol
name: Chan-Halbrendt, Catherine
name: Yu, Jin
name: Keung, Helen
name: Lin, Tun
name: Ferguson, Carol
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Chinese survey data
subject: conjoint analysis
subject: buyer preference
subject: Hawaii gift baskets

description: Guangzhou buyers' preference for premium Hawaiian grown product gift baskets with conjoint analysis was examined. Relative importance of three gift basket attributes: container type, products origin, and price were examined. Expenditure equivalent index to evaluate how much more each of the gift basket attributes is worth to the buyer was estimated. Main conclusions are: products have to be 'made in Hawaii' to receive the premium price; business buyers are generally less willing to pay a high price; and individual buyers are more willing to pay the higher priced Koa gift basket.
The Amadori Group: Free-Range Chicken and the Impact of Avian Flu
Creators: name: Baker, Gregory A.
name: Braga, Francesco S.
name: Baker, Gregory A.
name: Braga, Francesco S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: avian flu
subject: poultry

description: Amadori is one of three large commercial producers of chickens in Italy and the only commercial producer of free-range chickens. The threat of the avian flu virus poses a challenge to Amadori because of the possibility that authorities may order all birds to be kept indoors. The crux of the case is to identify and analyze alternatives that Amadori should consider for its line of free-range Il Campese chickens in response to an avian flu virus outbreak.
If You Can't Trust the Farmer, Who Can You Trust? The Effect of Certification Types on Purchases of Organic Produce
Creators: name: Ward, Ruby A.
name: Hunnicutt, Lynn
name: Keith, John E.
name: Ward, Ruby A.
name: Hunnicutt, Lynn
name: Keith, John E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Asymmetric information
subject: Certification
subject: Ordered probit
subject: Organic produce

description: An information asymmetry exists in the market for organic produce since consumers cannot determine whether produce is organically or conventionally grown. Various methods may solve this problem including signaling, reputation, and certification. Signaling and reputation may not work well, because signals are noisy, and reputation may be difficult for a producer to establish. Certification of the farm and its growing methods shows the most promise. A survey instrument testing the efficacy of certification is presented along with empirical analysis suggesting that no notable difference existed between independent certification methods, although independent certification had significantly different effects than self-certification.
Developments and Development Directions of Electronic Trade Platforms in US and European Agri-Food Markets: Impact on Sector Organization
Creators: name: Fritz, Melanie
name: Hausen, Tobias
name: Schiefer, Gerhard
name: Fritz, Melanie
name: Hausen, Tobias
name: Schiefer, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Electronic commerce
subject: Electronic trade platforms
subject: Agri-food markets

description: Electronic trade platforms support trading transactions between enterprises. They have entered the business landscape including the agri-food sector only a few years ago. However, there already have been dramatic changes in the agri-food sector's platform infrastructures. This paper analyzes developments in electronic trade platform infrastructures in the agri-food sector of the US and Europe between 2000 and 2002 and identifies development strategies of successful platforms. Of 85 platforms in existence in the year 2000, only 25 remained active in 2002. But there are still market entries of new platforms and existing platforms form various types of partnerships. The analysis could identify a range of strategic development lines of successful platforms. Initiating cooperation with other platforms on the use of specific features and the development and use of standards, gaining support by major market participants, the improvement of trading functionalities and the expansion of value-added services are the primary lines of development and evolvement of platforms. Platform evolvement tendencies and the present occurrence of the trade platform infrastructure allow for projecting the emergence of an agri-food sector with embedded, interconnected e-commerce infrastructure or mega-hub leading towards a more networked agri-food industry.