Gonatocerus (Lymaenon) thyrides Debauche 1948
Creators: name: Triapitsyn, Serguei V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Mymaridae
Gonatocerus
Gonatocerus thyrides

description: Gonatocerus (Lymaenon) thyrides (Debauche, 1948)   
(Figs 185–194)  
 Lymaenon effusi Bakkendorf [misidentification]: Debauche 1948: 81 (list), 95–97 (redescription) + plate X (illustrations); Mathot 1969: 11 (key, apparently based on misidentified H.R. Debauche’s specimen listed below under “Material examined”).   
 Lymaenon thyrides Debauche 1948: 101 –102 + plate X (illustrations).   
Type locality: Forêt de Loverval, Gerpinnes, Hainaut, Belgium.  
 Lymaenon thyrides Debauche: Mathot 1969: 11 (key); Viggiani 1969: 39 (member of the longicauda species group of Lymaenon), 44 (compared with Lymaenon populi Viggiani).   
 Lymaenon tyrides [sic] Debauche: Boţoc 1974: 104 –105 (?misidentification—record from Romania, illustrations).   
 Gonatocerus thyrides (Debauche): Hellén 1974: 12 (diagnosis of the female, description of the male, distribution); Matthews 1986: 223 –224 (diagnosis, distribution); Dimitriu 2001: 25 (record from Romania); Baquero & Jordana 2003: 10 –12 (diagnosis, redescription of the female, distribution); Donev 2005: 381 –382 (diagnosis, distribution); Pricop 2009b: 126 (list, references on the records from Romania).   
 Type material examined. Holotype female [ISNB] on slide (Fig. 185) labeled: 1. “ Lymaenon thyrides Deb. Ƥ TYPE [on red rectangle glued onto the label]”; 2. “ Forêt de Loverval 14.VIII.41 – n o 147 32 [faint, in pencil]”. The holotype (Fig. 186, a rather small specimen for the species) is complete, uncleared, mounted laterally.   
 Material examined. ARMENIA. SYUNIK, Lichk, 17.vi.1953, V.A. Trjapitzin (on apple tree in kolkhoz orchard) [1 Ƥ, ZIN]. BELGIUM. HAINAUT, Gerpinnes, [Forêt de] Loverval, 10.viii.1941, [H.R. Debauche] [1 Ƥ, ISNB] (misidentified by H.R. Debauche as Lymaenon effusi). LIÈGE, Wanze, Antheit, Corphalie, 3– 17.viii.1990, R. Detry [1 Ƥ, ISNB]. WALLOON BRABANT, Waterloo, 26.vii–2.viii.1992, P. Dessart [1 Ƥ, ISNB]. FRANCE. GIRONDE, Sainte Colombe, 44°54’N 00°02’W, 13.viii.1998, M. van Helden [3 Ƥ, UCRC]. GEORGIA. ADJARA, Keda, 29.viii.1953, V.A. Trjapitzin [2 Ƥ, ZIN]. RUSSIA. MOSCOVSKAYA OBLAST’: Noginskiy rayon, Fryazevo: 1.viii.2002, M.E. Tretiakov [1 Ƥ, UCRC]; 10.viii.2003, S.V. Triapitsyn [1 Ƥ, UCRC]. Pushkinskiy rayon, Pushkino, Mamontovka, E.Ya. Shuvakhina: 10–20.vii.2000 [1 3, UCRC]; 6–26.vi.2001 [1 Ƥ, UCRC]. STAVROPOL’SKIY KRAY, Prietokskiy, V.V. Kostjukov: 14.vii.2003 [2 Ƥ, UCRC]; 7.viii.2003 [1 Ƥ, UCRC]; 12.viii.2003 [3 Ƥ, UCRC, ZIN]. SLOVAKIA. BRATISLAVA, Jurský Šúr Nature Reserve, 48°14’03’’N 17°12’47’’E, 133 m, 8.viii.2008, B.V. Brown (alder forest) [1 Ƥ, UCRC]. UK. WALES, Bridgend Co. Borough, Kenfig Pool National Nature Reserve, 31.viii.1995, J.S. Noyes [1 Ƥ, CNCI].   
 Distribution. PALAEARCTIC: Armenia *, Belgium, Bulgaria (Donev 2001, 2005), Finland (Hellén 1974), France *, Georgia *, Greece (Donev 1988c, 2005), Macedonia (Donev 2005), Romania (Dimitriu 2001; Pricop 2009b), Russia *, Slovakia *, Spain (Baquero & Jordana 2003), Turkey (Donev 2001, 2005), UK: England (Matthews 1986), and Wales *.   
 Redescription. FEMALE (holotype and non-type specimens). Body length 725–890 µm (dry-mounted specimens) or 830–1130 µm (slide-mounted specimens). Head and mesosoma mostly dark brown, gaster brown with base often a little lighter; radicle and also the remainder of scape and pedicel (partially) light brown, remainder of antenna brown; legs light brown to brown.   
Antenna (Figs 187, 188) with radicle about 0.3× total length of scape, rest of scape 3.8–4.1× as long as wide, faintly striate; pedicel much longer than F1; F1–F3 subequal in length and a little shorter than F4, F5 normally slightly longer than following funicle segments (sometimes about as long as F7 and/or F8); mps on F7 (normally 1 or 2 but occasionally 0 on one antenna, rarely lacking mps on both antennae in very small specimens) and F8 (2); clava with 10 mps, 3.2–4.0× as long as wide, a little longer than combined length of F6–F8.  
Mesosoma (Fig. 189). Propodeum with faint submedian lines wide apart. Fore wing (Fig. 190) 2.8–3.1× as long as wide; longest marginal seta 0.25–0.35× maximum wing width. Fore wing disc almost hyaline (at most with a slight brownish tinge), bare behind submarginal vein, at least sparsely setose behind marginal vein (normally leaving a distinct bare area between marginal vein and cubital row of setae), and densely setose elsewhere. Hind wing (Fig. 191) 18–20× as long as wide; disc unevenly setose, almost hyaline; longest marginal seta 2.4–2.8× maximum wing width.  
Metasoma (Fig. 189) longer than mesosoma. Petiole 2.3–2.6× as wide as long. Ovipositor occupying 0.7– 0.8× length of gaster, not exserted; ovipositor length: mesotibia length ratio 1.1–1.6:1 (usually 1.1–1.3:1).  
Measurements of the holotype (µm). Body: 916; mesosoma 320; gaster 437; ovipositor 354. Antenna: radicle 51; rest of scape 110; pedicel 48; F1 24; F2 22; F3 24; F4 37; F5 43; F6 40; F7 44; F8 45; clava 140. Fore wing 880:314; longest marginal seta 79. Hind wing 695:36; longest marginal seta 91. Mesotibia 252.  
MALE (non-type slide-mounted specimen from Moscovskaya oblast’, Russia). Body length 920 µm. Similar to female except for normal sexually dimorphic features and the following. Antenna (Fig. 192) with scape plus radicle about 2.0× as long as wide. Fore wing (Fig. 193) about 3.0× as long as wide. Genitalia as in Fig. 194.  
 Diagnosis. Gonatocerus thyrides is characterized by the female antenna (Fig. 188) with mps normally on F7 and F8, the fore wing (Fig. 190) disc with a more or less distinct bare area between the marginal vein and cubital row of setae, and the ovipositor not exserted (Fig. 189). It differs from G. litoralis in lacking mps on F5 of the female antenna (F5 usually with a mps and the fore wing disc densely setose in G. litoralis). Also see the diagnosis of G. bicoloriventris.   
 Hosts. Unknown.   
 Comments. Debauche (1948) clearly misidentified a poorly slide-mounted, very small female from Forêt de Loverval, Belgium, as Lymaenon effusi. It belongs to G. thyrides as both of its antennae lack mps on F7 and the fore wing has a distinct bare area between the marginal vein and cubital row of setae, whereas in L. effusi, synonymized under G. litoralis by Matthews (1986), the fore wing disc is setose between the marginal vein and the cubital row of setae, as illustrated by Bakkendorf (1934, his Fig. 32, p. 24). It is interesting that H.R. Debauche failed to recognize his own species, particularly as the specimen he misidentified as L. effusi had been collected in the same locality and almost at the same time as the holotype of L. thyrides.   
 The species illustrated by Boţoc (1974) as “ Lymaenon tyrides ” is most likely a misidentification: the fore wing is too narrow to fit G. thyrides. It could rather belong to G. cunctator but that is impossible to determine because the entire M. Boţoc collection of Mymaridae is apparently lost.
description: Published as part of Triapitsyn, Serguei V., 2013, Review of Gonatocerus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) in the Palaearctic region, with notes on extralimital distributions, pp. 1-178 in Zootaxa 3644 (1) on pages 109-113, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3644.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/246888