cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Direct Unsupervised Denoising
Creators: name: Salmon, Benjamin
name: Krull, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Traditional supervised denoisers are trained using pairs of noisy input and clean target images. They learn to predict a central tendency of the posterior distribution over possible clean images. When, e.g., trained with the popular quadratic loss function, the network's output will correspond to the minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimate. Unsupervised denoisers based on Variational AutoEncoders (VAEs) have succeeded in achieving state-of-the-art results while requiring only unpaired noisy data as training input. In contrast to the traditional supervised approach, unsupervised denoisers do not directly produce a single prediction, such as the MMSE estimate, but allow us to draw samples from the posterior distribution of clean solutions corresponding to the noisy input. To approximate the MMSE estimate during inference, unsupervised methods have to create and draw a large number of samples - a computationally expensive process - rendering the approach inapplicable in many situations. Here, we present an alternative approach that trains a deterministic network alongside the VAE to directly predict a central tendency. Our method achieves results that surpass the results achieved by the unsupervised method at a fraction of the computational cost.
Ambiguity Resolution with Precise Point Positioning
Creators: name: Wang, Min
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geodesy
subject: Geotechnology
subject: GNSS
subject: Precise Point Positioning
subject: Ambiguity Resolution
subject: BeiDou
subject: Triple-frequency

description: Ambiguity resolution with PPP aims at effectively reducing the long convergence time. The research in this dissertation explores its potential for both dual-frequency signals and triple-frequency signals. One of the most popular PPP ambiguity resolution strategies with dual-frequency GNSS signals is to first fix the L1/L2 wide-lane ambiguities in the geometry-free approach and then fix the L1 ambiguities in the geometry-based approach. A software package has been developed to evaluate the PPP ambiguity resolution performance with this strategy, including position accuracy, time-to-first-fix and fixing availability of both L1/L2 wide-lane ambiguity and L1 ambiguity, etc. A new model has been developed to improve the performance of PPP ambiguity resolution with dual-frequency signals, in which the L1 fractional bias is split into one direction-independent and three directional-dependent components for each satellite. Better performance can be obtained at both server and client rover side using the new model, but the L1 ambiguity fixing time still requires around 30 minutes on average. A new method of instantaneous PPP ambiguity resolution with triple-frequency signals has been proposed, which involves first fixing the L2/L5 wide-lane ambiguities in geometry-free approach and then fixing the L1/L2 wide-lane ambiguities in geometry-based approach. Based on the test results with extensive MATLAB simulation datasets and newly available BeiDou real signal datasets, both L2/L5 wide-lane ambiguity and L1/L2 wide-lane ambiguity can be fixed instantaneously and reliably using a single epoch of triple-frequency measurements. A carrier smooth carrier technique has been proposed to reduce the measurement noise for PPP ambiguity resolution with triple-frequency signals. PPP can achieve horizontal positioning accuracy better than 5 cm and 3D positioning accuracy better than 10 cm, with the convergence time less than two minutes. This performance is comparable to RTK.
Using Eeg To Investigate Visual Symmetry Perception
Creators: name: Bertamini, Marco
name: Makin, Alexis
name: Rampone, Giulia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Symmetry, ERPs, Alpha Desynchronization, View invariance

description: Poster presented at the AVA 2013 Christmas meeting in Leuven
Supporting the QIIME 2 user and developer communities
Creators: name: Caporaso, J Gregory
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: In this presentation I cover two aspects of the QIIME 2 microbiome bioinformatics project that were funded in round one of EOSS. First, I present our work to support plugin developers in QIIME 2 which is currently focused around the QIIME 2 Library. At the completion of our CZI project, the QIIME 2 Library will build and publish conda packages for plugin developers. It will also support automated testing of plugins and their documentation against release and development builds of QIIME 2. Next, I present a recap of our first ever fully online QIIME 2 workshop, which we hosted in October of 2020. This is something we’ve wanted to do for years, and the pandemic and our CZI funding enabled this. We had 75 participants in the workshop from 20 countries on six continents, and got very good feedback. The most unique aspect of this was that the five-day workshop was focused on hands-on tutorials, which participants ran on an AWS cluster that we built for this workshop.
Statistics of inhomogeneous turbulence in large scale quasi-geostrophic dynamics
Creators: name: Svirsky, Anton
name: Herbert, Corentin
name: Frishman, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A remarkable feature of two-dimensional turbulence is the transfer of energy from small to large scales. This process can result in the self-organization of the flow into large, coherent structures due to energy condensation at the largest scales. We investigate the formation of this condensate in a quasi-geostropic flow in the limit of small Rossby deformation radius, namely the large scale quasi-geostrophic model. In this model potential energy is transferred up-scale while kinetic energy is transferred down-scale in a direct cascade. We focus on a jet mean flow and carry out a thorough investigation of the second order statistics for this flow, combining a quasi-linear analytical approach with direct numerical simulations. We show that the quasi-linear approach applies in regions where jets are strong and is able to capture all second order correlators in that region, including those related to the kinetic energy. This is a consequence of the blocking of the direct cascade by the mean flow in jet regions, suppressing fluctuation-fluctuation interactions. The suppression of the direct cascade is demonstrated using a local coarse-graining approach allowing to measure space dependent inter-scale kinetic energy fluxes, which we show are concentrated in between jets in our simulations. We comment on the possibility of a similar direct cascade arrest in other two-dimensional flows, arguing that it is a special feature of flows in which the fluid element interactions are local in space
description: 19 pages, 13 figures
High fidelity optical preparation and coherent Larmor precession of a single hole in an InGaAs quantum dot molecule
Creators: name: Müller, K.
name: Bechtold, A.
name: Ruppert, C.
name: Hautmann, C.
name: Wildmann, J. S.
name: Kaldewey, T.
name: Bichler, M.
name: Krenner, H. J.
name: Abstreiter, G.
name: Betz, M.
name: Finley, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy with photocurrent readout to directly probe the dynamics of a single hole spin in a single, electrically tunable self-assembled quantum dot molecule formed by vertically stacking InGaAs quantum dots. Excitons with defined spin configurations are initialized in one of the two dots using circularly polarized picosecond pulses. The time-dependent spin configuration is probed by the spin selective optical absorption of the resulting few Fermion complex. Taking advantage of sub-5 ps electron tunneling to an orbitally excited state of the other dot, we initialize a single hole spin with a purity of >96%, i.e., much higher than demonstrated in previous single dot experiments. Measurements in a lateral magnetic field monitor the coherent Larmor precession of the single hole spin with no observable loss of spin coherence within the ~300 ps hole lifetime. Thereby, the purity of the hole spin initialization remains unchanged for all investigated magnetic fields.
What Causes The Kanizsa Stimulus To Break Interocular Suppression?
Creators: name: Moors, Pieter
name: van Crombruggen, Sanne
name: Wagemans, Johan
name: van Ee, Raymond
name: de-Wit, Lee
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: consciousness, continuous flash suppression, kanizsa stimulus, perceptual grouping

description: A regular, grouped Kanizsa triangle has been shown to break through interocular suppression faster than an ungrouped, random Kanizsa triangle [Wang et al., 2012, PLoS ONE, 7(6): e40106]. In an earlier neuropsychological study Conci et al. [2009, Neuropsychologia, 47, 726-732] showed that low-level collinear contour facilitation and high-level surface filling-in both contribute separately to a reduction in extinction in patients with visual neglect when viewing Kanizsa stimuli. Since Wang et al. (2012) did not include control conditions similar to Conci et al. (2009), it is not clear whether the Kanizsa triangle broke through suppression due to collinear contour facilitation or higher-level surface completion mechanisms [Kogo et al., 2010, Psychological Review, 117(2), 406-439]. In this study, we compared suppression times of regular and random versions of a Kanizsa square, a cross stimulus (allowing collinear contour facilitation but no surface completion) and a surface stimulus (allowing surface completion but no collinear contour facilitation). Our results suggest that neither collinear contour facilitation nor surface completion mechanisms play a primary role in determining suppression times. Rather, the regularity of the stimulus seems to play a crucial role. This hypothesis was tested further by breaking down the regularity of the different classes of stimuli.
Trace theorems in harmonic function spaces on (R^n+1)^m,multiplier theorems and related problems
Creators: name: Arsenovic, Milos
name: Shamoyan, Romi F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B15

description: We introduce and study properties of certain new harmonic function spaces on products of upper half-spaces.Norm estimates for the so-called expanded Bergman projections are obtained.Sharp theorems on multipliers acting on certain Sobolev type spaces of harmonic functions on the unit ball are also obtained
description: 17 pages
Framing energy and forest policy : a content analysis of bioenergy in the Vancouver Sun
Creators: name: Amos, Heather Elisabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Burning wood from the province’s forests to produce energy is a growing industry in British Columbia and a fundamental part of the Liberal government’s energy and forest plans. In 2007, the province set new environmental targets and developed new energy policy that highlighted the need for bioenergy in the province. As a result, the 2008 BC Bioenergy Strategy mandated a two part “Bioenergy Call for Power” by BC Hydro, ten new community biomass based energy projects and a $25 million investment into the new Bioenergy Network. As with any topic, the news media can affect its audience’s perspectives and attitudes towards an issue. This study explored the possibility that the news media has been framing wood bioenergy as a solution to the mountain pine beetle epidemic and as a carbon-neutral energy. A keyword search was done to collect articles from The Vancouver Sun, the largest provincial daily newspaper in British Columbia, starting in 2001, when the Liberal government took power in the province. A content analysis was performed on the articles to assess the themes and information conveyed about bioenergy. The study found that prior to 2007, the articles were less likely to suggest bioenergy could make use of mountain pine beetle-killed trees and were less likely to describe it as a carbon-neutral and renewable energy source. The change since 2007 indicates that the issue is being framed as a solution to the province’s problems in the forest and energy industries.
Changing Trends in the Red Meat Distribution System
Creators: name: Duewer, Lawrence A.
name: Duewer, Lawrence A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Meat
subject: distribution
subject: wholesalers
subject: retailers
subject: restaurants
subject: trends
subject: beef
subject: pork

description: Meat wholesalers, grocery retailers, and food service firms are becoming fewer In number but larger In size. Direct sales from packer to retailer are decreasing the number of meat wholesalers. The growth of boxed beef is contributing to the shift to more direct sales from packer to retailer. Away-from-home consumption of red meat Is increasing slowly In relation to at-home consumption. Chains are gradually taking more of the grocery retailing and food service industry market. Fast food outlets are the fastest growing segment of the food service industry
Top Tagging
Creators: name: Plehn, Tilman
name: Spannowsky, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Top tagging is a recent approach to identifying boosted hadronic top quarks. It avoids reconstructing individual top decay products and instead uses a jet algorithm to reconstruct the entire top decay. Quite generally, geometrically large jets including heavy particles (fat jets) can be analyzed on the level of their subjet constituents. LHC data will soon allow us to establish this new analysis method. We discuss different tagging algorithms, their critical QCD aspects, and currently available experimental results. For the development of taggers and their different applications this review should provide a firm theoretical and algorithmic background.
description: Invited review for Journal of Physics G
How Callings Are Expressed in the Workplace
Creators: name: Cohen, Mathew
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: Adult and Continuing
subject: Guidance and Counseling
subject: History of Industrial

description: “How Callings Are Expressed in the Workplace,” addresses the lives, experiences, and objectives of individuals pursuing their calling. Callings are purposeful and meaningful types of work of which many personal and organizational benefits have been attributed to. This research, drawing from phenomenology and hermeneutic philosophy, follows a constructivist epistemology exploring how people- following-their-callings engage their environments. A life history methodology, a methodology sitting at the nexus between phenomenology and sociology, was most appropriate for capturing the interplay between a person’s subjectivity and their context. Five participants from for-profit oil and gas organizations and three participants from not-for-profit organizations were selected using professionally developed surveys to identify individuals who have high levels of calling orientation. A holistic understanding of what callings express and how they are being expressed was developed by understanding the participants’ past, their present worldviews, and future goals. What has been discerned is that people must overcome environmental, self imposed, or socially and institutionally imposed thresholds in order to pursue a calling. A calling is found here to be a way-of-being towards a unity-of-being, expressed as pursuits towards perfection, equality, self/other acceptance, and responsibility for another. Pursuing a calling is what allows people to transform themselves and their perspectives of the world as objects into the possibilities of becoming a force, thus embodying the epigram: ‘Because I am, can we become, therefore a force.’
Combinatorial Channel Signature Modulation for Wireless ad-hoc Networks
Creators: name: Piechocki, Robert
name: Sejdinovic, Dino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we introduce a novel modulation and multiplexing method which facilitates highly efficient and simultaneous communication between multiple terminals in wireless ad-hoc networks. We term this method Combinatorial Channel Signature Modulation (CCSM). The CCSM method is particularly efficient in situations where communicating nodes operate in highly time dispersive environments. This is all achieved with a minimal MAC layer overhead, since all users are allowed to transmit and receive at the same time/frequency (full simultaneous duplex). The CCSM method has its roots in sparse modelling and the receiver is based on compressive sampling techniques. Towards this end, we develop a new low complexity algorithm termed Group Subspace Pursuit. Our analysis suggests that CCSM at least doubles the throughput when compared to the state-of-the art.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, to appear in IEEE International Conference on Communications ICC 2012
Oxygen-limited thermal tolerance in hybrid killfish, Fundulus heteroclitus
Creators: name: Haakons, Kristen Leigh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The oxygen-limited thermal tolerance (OLTT) hypothesis suggests that an organism’s upper and lower thermal tolerance limits are linked to the point at which the organism cannot extract enough oxygen from its environment to meet its metabolic demands. Therefore, one conclusion that could be drawn from this hypothesis is that an organism’s metabolic rate (Mo₂) should be inversely correlated with the maximum environmental temperature it can tolerate. This is because organisms with a higher demand for oxygen will be the first to experience a mismatch between oxygen supply and demand as the amount of dissolved oxygen in water decreases with increasing temperature. The validity of this hypothesis was tested using the common killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus, from a contact zone between the two subspecies: the Northern Fundulus heteroclitus macrolepidotus and the Southern Fundulus heteroclitus heteroclitus. I found that there was a significant inverse correlation (p=0.0192) between the critical thermal maximum (CTMax) and routine metabolic rate (RMR) after controlling for the weight of fish, which supports the OLTT hypothesis. The predictive power of this relationship, however, was low (R²=0.16). In addition, there was a significant effect of collection location on CTMax (p<0.001) with fish that were collected from a more southern marsh having higher thermal tolerance than fish from a more northern marsh within the contact zone. I also examined the relationship between nuclear and mitochondrial genotypes and 3 physiological measurements in fish from the contact zone: RMR, CTMax, and critical oxygen tension (Pcrit). Using 7 nuclear microsatellite markers, a hybrid index was generated for each individual in order to assess nuclear genotype. I found no correlation between nuclear genotype and any of the physiological parameters measured. I did see a trend towards a significant correlation between mitochondrial genotype on RMR, however (p=0.0595). Fish with Northern mitochondrial genotypes tended to have higher RMR’s than Southern fish, as was found in previous work on fish from the Northern and Southern extremes of the range. Together these data suggest that mitochondrial genotype may have some effect on metabolic rate and that metabolic rate has some relationship with thermal tolerance, but that these linkages are subtle.
Vetting Kepler Planet Candidates with Multi-Color Photometry from the GTC: Identification of an Eclipsing Binary Star Near KOI 565
Creators: name: Colon, Knicole D.
name: Ford, Eric B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of an eclipsing binary star (KIC 7025851) near KOI 565 (KIC 7025846) based on photometric observations of KOI 565 and several nearby stars acquired in two narrow bandpasses (790.2 and 794.3\pm2.0 nm) nearly-simultaneously with the GTC/OSIRIS. We use the individual photometry in each bandpass as well as the colors of KOI 565 and other nearby stars to determine that the source of the transit signal initially detected by Kepler is not due to a super-Earth-size planet around KOI 565. Instead, we find the source to be a background eclipsing binary star located \sim15 arcsec to the North of KOI 565. We discuss future prospects for using high-precision multi-color photometry from the GTC to determine whether additional Kepler planet candidates have a planetary nature or are instead false positives (e.g., foreground or background eclipsing binaries or hierarchical triple systems). Our approach is complementary to multi-color follow-up observations of Kepler planet candidates currently being conducted with the Spitzer space telescope in the infrared as well as to other follow-up techniques.
description: 20 pages (preprint format); 4 figures; 2 tables; Accepted for publication in PASP
Measurement of minimum horizontal stress from logging and drilling data in unconventional oil and gas
Creators: name: Song, Lisa
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Petroleum
subject: Minimum horizontal stress, Montney, pore pressure

description: This study utilizes logging data, drilling data and core reports to generate the minimum horizontal stress (Sh) profile for two Montney wells in North East British Columbia. Specific value of tectonic stress or strain determined from injection fall off analysis is included in the calculation. The conventional method calculates Sh by solving the linear poro-elasticity equations. The Blanton Olson method incorporates the tectonic, thermal effect and rock mechanical properties at each incremental depth. The vertical transverse isotropy (VTI) method, assumes different rock properties and tectonic strain in different directions. The Harikrishnan method calculates the Sh from the rock strength value at a given depth obtained either from logging or drilling data. The conventional method yields the Sh magnitude without any distinctive characteristic. VTI method shows higher stress magnitude above the Montney and reveals some good zone containment for hydraulic fracturing design. All methods have equivalent stress magnitude for Montney formation.
The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets XXXI. The M-dwarf sample
Creators: name: Bonfils, X.
name: Delfosse, X.
name: Udry, S.
name: Forveille, T.
name: Mayor, M.
name: Perrier, C.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Gillon, M.
name: Lovis, C.
name: Pepe, F.
name: Queloz, D.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Ségransan, D.
name: Bertaux, J. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) Searching for planets around stars with different masses probes the outcome of planetary formation for different initial conditions. This drives observations of a sample of 102 southern nearby M dwarfs, using a fraction of our guaranteed time on the ESO/HARPS spectrograph (Feb. 11th, 2003 to Apr. 1st 2009). This paper makes available the sample's time series, presents their precision and variability. We apply systematic searches and diagnostics to discriminate whether the observed Doppler shifts are caused by stellar surface inhomogeneities or by the radial pull of orbiting planets. We recover the planetary signals corresponding to 9 planets already announced by our group (Gl176b, Gl581b, c, d & e, Gl674b, Gl433b, Gl 667Cb and c). We present radial velocities that confirm GJ 849 hosts a Jupiter-mass planet, plus a long-term radial-velocity variation. We also present RVs that precise the planetary mass and period of Gl 832b. We detect long-term RV changes for Gl 367, Gl 680 and Gl 880 betraying yet unknown long-period companions. We identify candidate signals in the radial-velocity time series and demonstrate they are most probably caused by stellar surface inhomogeneities. Finally, we derive a first estimate of the occurrence of M-dwarf planets as a function of their minimum mass and orbital period. In particular, we find that giant planets (m sin i = 100-1,000 Mearth) have a low frequency (e.g. f<1% for P=1-10 d and f=0.02^{+0.03}_{-0.01} for P=10-100 d), whereas super-Earths (m sin i = 1-10 Mearth) are likely very abundant (f=0.36^{+0.25}_{-0.10} for P=1-10 d and f=0.35^{+0.45}_{-0.11} for P=10-100 d). We also obtained eta_earth=0.41^{+0.54}_{-0.13}, the frequency of habitable planets orbiting M dwarfs (1
description: 77p, >100 figures, submitted to A&A, typo corrected in conclusion
Rotating Bose-Einstein Condensate Stars at finite temperature
Creators: name: Aswathi, P. S.
name: Keerthi, P. S.
name: Jyothilakshmi, O. P.
name: Naik, Lakshmi J.
name: Sreekanth, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of temperature on the global properties of static and slowly rotating self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) stars within general relativity. We employ a recently developed temperature dependent BEC equation of state (EoS) to describe the stellar matter by assuming that the condensate can be described by a non-relativistic EoS. Stellar profiles are obtained using general relativistic Hartle-Thorne slow rotation approximation equations. We find that with increasing temperatures mass-radius values are found to be decreasing for the static and rotating cases; though presence of temperature supports high mass values at lower central densities. Countering effects of rotation and temperature on the BEC stellar structure have been analysed and quantified. We report that inclusion of temperature has significant effect on the rotating stellar profiles but negligible effect on the maximum mass, as in the case of static system. We have also studied the effect of EoS parameters -- boson mass and strength of the self-interaction -- on global properties of static and rotating BEC stars, in presence of temperature.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
The Association of Physical Activity and Quality of Life in Gastric and Esophageal Cancers
Creators: name: Krenz, Kaitlin
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Oncology
subject: gastric cancer
subject: Physical Activity
subject: Quality of Life
subject: esophageal cancer

description: Patients with esophageal and gastric cancer typically present with an advanced tumour formation and severe symptoms such as progressive dysphagia, nausea, and weight loss (J. Lagergren & Lagergren, 2010; Zali, Rezaei-tavirani, & Azodi, 2011). Surgical treatment is the preference for both diagnoses, however often results in functional digestive complications (Bhargava & Chasen, 2010). Given the myriad of symptoms pre and post treatment, it is clear that health related quality of life (HRQL) is affected for these patients. PA has consistently and repeatedly improved HRQL in cancer patients (Ferrer, Huedo-Medina, Johnson, Ryan, & Pescatello, 2011). Only a few studies have identified potential PA effects in gastric and/or esophageal cancers, with inconsistent results (Bhargava & Chasen, 2010; Feeney, Reynolds, & Hussey, 2011; Lee et al., 2010; Na, Kim, Kim, Ha, & Yoon, 2000; Tatematsu, Park, Tanaka, Sakai, & Tsuboyama, 2013; Tatematsu, Ezoe, et al., 2013; Zalina, Lee, & Kandiah, 2012). To further explore the relationship between PA and HRQL in gastric and esophageal cancers, a cross-sectional one-time survey was completed in a GI outpatient clinic in Calgary, AB. Pearson correlations revealed a positive moderate association between total PA minutes and HRQL (r=.40, p=.03). Future research should consider interventions (education or programming) that promote PA participation in this unique population.
InsPLAD: A Dataset and Benchmark for Power Line Asset Inspection in UAV Images
Creators: name: Silva, André Luiz Buarque Vieira e
name: Felix, Heitor de Castro
name: Simões, Franscisco Paulo Magalhães
name: Teichrieb, Veronica
name: Santos, Michel Mozinho dos
name: Santiago, Hemir
name: Sgotti, Virginia
name: Neto, Henrique Lott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Power line maintenance and inspection are essential to avoid power supply interruptions, reducing its high social and financial impacts yearly. Automating power line visual inspections remains a relevant open problem for the industry due to the lack of public real-world datasets of power line components and their various defects to foster new research. This paper introduces InsPLAD, a Power Line Asset Inspection Dataset and Benchmark containing 10,607 high-resolution Unmanned Aerial Vehicles colour images. The dataset contains seventeen unique power line assets captured from real-world operating power lines. Additionally, five of those assets present six defects: four of which are corrosion, one is a broken component, and one is a bird's nest presence. All assets were labelled according to their condition, whether normal or the defect name found on an image level. We thoroughly evaluate state-of-the-art and popular methods for three image-level computer vision tasks covered by InsPLAD: object detection, through the AP metric; defect classification, through Balanced Accuracy; and anomaly detection, through the AUROC metric. InsPLAD offers various vision challenges from uncontrolled environments, such as multi-scale objects, multi-size class instances, multiple objects per image, intra-class variation, cluttered background, distinct point-of-views, perspective distortion, occlusion, and varied lighting conditions. To the best of our knowledge, InsPLAD is the first large real-world dataset and benchmark for power line asset inspection with multiple components and defects for various computer vision tasks, with a potential impact to improve state-of-the-art methods in the field. It will be publicly available in its integrity on a repository with a thorough description. It can be found at https://github.com/andreluizbvs/InsPLAD.
description: This is an original manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in the International Journal of Remote Sensing on 29 Nov 2023, available online: https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2023.2283900
Development of Non-Noble Metal Oxygen Reduction Catalysts for PEM Fuel Cell Applications
Creators: name: Gharaibeh, Samar Ayesh Mousa
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemistry--Analytical
subject: Chemistry--Physical
subject: Energy
subject: Electrochemistry

description: Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) demonstrate great promise as low emission, high efficiency power sources. However, the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) causes large voltage losses at the cathode. There is thus a need for an active ORR catalyst, preferably lower in cost than the most active catalyst known, Pt. Therefore, the primary goal of this work is the development of a low cost, non-noble metal-based ORR catalyst for PEMFC applications. The secondary goal of this work is to better understand and improve the ORR kinetics at these catalysts, as well as to gain insight into the nature of the active site. The catalysts investigated here have been formed using a modified sol-gel synthesis approach, in which carbon and nitrogen were introduced as specific ligands (ethylenediamine (EN) or o-phenylenediamine (oPDA)) to the metals (Co or Fe) used in the synthesis. After deposition on high surface area carbon supports and heat-treatment, these materials are found to be very active towards the ORR in both acidic and alkaline media. A wide range of methods were used to evaluate the catalysts, including cyclic voltammetry, quartz crystal microbalance, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS), Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES), and more. It was found that the best results were obtained when using oPDA and Fe as the precursors and then heat-treating at 900 oC for 2 h under N2, resulting in a catalyst only a little less active than Pt, with almost no H2O2 produced. It was also found that using the polymeric analogue of oPDA and supporting the precursors on acid leached carbon instead of as-received carbon gave the best ORR activity in both acidic and alkaline media. According to this thesis work, it was found that polymeric oPDA, formed either thermally or by pre-polymerization methods, decomposes at pyrolysis temperatures higher than 700 oC, forming ORR-active N sites that may also contain Fe. It was also found from XPS analysis that the N-species are in the form of graphitic and pyridinic sites embedded into the graphene structure, giving very good ORR performance. XPS also showed the presence of Fe2+/3+, which could be chelated to N as FeNx moieties. The microporosity of these types of catalysts was also shown to be essential, where high ORR catalytic activity was achieved for materials with a high micropore surface area. All of these results suggest that the FeNx moieties are hosted and stabilized in the micropores of the carbon support.
Agricultural Implications of Natural Gas Deregulation
Creators: name: LeBlanc, Michael
name: Lutton, Thomas
name: Prato, Tony
name: Reisner, Gary
name: LeBlanc, Michael
name: Lutton, Thomas
name: Prato, Tony
name: Reisner, Gary
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Natural gas
subject: deregulation policies
subject: agricultural implications

description: This report examines the agricultural implications of three policy options for Federal deregulation of natural gas prices for the period 1983-90: a phased-in price decontrol (a modification of the Natural Gas Policy Act of 1978 (NGPA)); 2-year freeze on gas prices; and accelerated decontrol of wellhead gas prices. Differences among the three policies in crop and livestock production, variable costs of production, prices received by farmers, and net farm income are minor. Because gas prices under the modified NGPA and price freeze policies are lower, net farm income and Government payments would be higher than under accelerated decontrol
Condensate dark matter stars
Creators: name: Li, X. Y.
name: Harko, T.
name: Cheng, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the structure and stability properties of compact astrophysical objects that may be formed from the Bose-Einstein condensation of dark matter. Once the critical temperature of a boson gas is less than the critical temperature, a Bose-Einstein Condensation process can always take place during the cosmic history of the universe. Therefore we model the dark matter inside the star as a Bose-Einstein condensate. In the condensate dark matter star model, the dark matter equation of state can be described by a polytropic equation of state, with polytropic index equal to one. We derive the basic general relativistic equations describing the equilibrium structure of the condensate dark matter star with spherically symmetric static geometry. The structure equations of the condensate dark matter stars are studied numerically. The critical mass and radius of the dark matter star are given by $M_{crit}\approx 2(l_a/1fm)^{1/2}(m_χ/1\;{\rm GeV})^{-3/2}M_{\odot}$ and $R_{crit}\approx 1.1 \times 10^6(l_a/1\;{\rm fm})^{1/2}(m_χ/1\;{\rm GeV})^{-3/2}$ cm respectively, where $l_a$ and $m_χ$ are the scattering length and the mass of dark matter particle, respectively.
description: 19 pages and 6 figures and accepted by Journal of Cosmolgy and Astroparticle Physics. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1105.5189
Imaging de Haas-van Alphen quantum oscillations and milli-Tesla pseudomagnetic fields
Creators: name: Zhou, Haibiao
name: Auerbach, Nadav
name: Uzan, Matan
name: Zhou, Yaozhang
name: Banu, Nasrin
name: Zhi, Weifeng
name: Huber, Martin E.
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Myasoedov, Yuri
name: Yan, Binghai
name: Zeldov, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A unique attribute of atomically thin quantum materials is the in-situ tunability of their electronic band structure by externally controllable parameters like electrostatic doping, electric field, strain, electron interactions, and displacement or twisting of atomic layers. This unparalleled control of the electronic bands has led to the discovery of a plethora of exotic emergent phenomena. But despite its key role, there is currently no versatile method for mapping the local band structure in advanced 2D materials devices in which the active layer is commonly embedded in various insulating layers and metallic gates. Utilizing a scanning superconducting quantum interference device, we image the de Haas-van Alphen quantum oscillations in a model system, the Bernal-stacked trilayer graphene with dual gates, which displays multiple highly-tunable bands. By resolving thermodynamic quantum oscillations spanning over 100 Landau levels in low magnetic fields, we reconstruct the band structure and its controllable evolution with the displacement field with unprecedented precision and spatial resolution of 150 nm. Moreover, by developing Landau level interferometry, we reveal shear-strain-induced pseudomagnetic fields and map their spatial dependence. In contrast to artificially-induced large strain, which leads to pseudomagnetic fields of hundreds of Tesla, we detect naturally occurring pseudomagnetic fields as low as 1 mT corresponding to graphene twisting by just 1 millidegree over one μm distance, two orders of magnitude lower than the typical angle disorder in high-quality twisted bilayer graphene devices. This ability to resolve the local band structure and strain on the nanoscale opens the door to the characterization and utilization of tunable band engineering in practical van der Waals devices.
description: Nature (2023)
Theory of Mind Reasoning and its Relationship to Executive and Social Functioning in 10-Year-Olds
Creators: name: Cassetta, Briana
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Psychology--Clinical
subject: Psychology--Cognitive
subject: Psychology--Developmental
subject: theory of mind
subject: Executive Functioning
subject: social functioning
subject: middle childhood

description: Theory of mind (ToM) is the ability to make inferences about mental states, though little research has examined ToM development in middle childhood. Recent studies have distinguished inferencing about beliefs (cognitive ToM) and emotions (affective ToM). ToM has also been associated with executive and social functioning. The current study examined advanced cognitive and affective ToM in 10-year-olds (N = 56) using false-belief and irony tasks. In addition, working memory, inhibition, and set-shifting abilities were assessed, along with empathy and bullying/victimization. Results show that cognitive ToM is more advanced than affective ToM in this age group. While cognitive false-belief was positively associated with inhibition and set-shifting, irony comprehension was negatively associated with these executive functions. Finally, affective false-belief was associated with less instances of bullying. Taken together, cognitive and affective ToM may develop at different rates and be differentially related to functioning.
Entanglement and Sources of Magnetic Anisotropy in Radical Pair-Based Avian Magnetoreceptors
Creators: name: Hogben, Hannah J.
name: Biskup, Till
name: Hore, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the principal models of magnetic sensing in migratory birds rests on the quantum spin-dynamics of transient radical pairs created photochemically in ocular cryptochrome proteins. We consider here the role of electron spin entanglement and coherence in determining the sensitivity of a radical pair-based geomagnetic compass and the origins of the directional response. It emerges that the anisotropy of radical pairs formed from spin-polarized molecular triplets could form the basis of a more sensitive compass sensor than one founded on the conventional hyperfine-anisotropy model. This property offers new and more flexible opportunities for the design of biologically inspired magnetic compass sensors.
The Role of a Positive Attention Bias in Resiliency to Negative Mood States
Creators: name: Arndt, Jody
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Psychology--Cognitive
subject: Psychology--Personality
subject: resilience
subject: Attention
subject: Depression
subject: dot-probe

description: Psychological resiliency refers to the positive and protective characteristics in an individual's response to stress and adversity while maintaining mental well-being in terms of an absence of psychopathology. Current models of psychopathology suggest a role of attention in determining vulnerability and resiliency to emotional disorders such as depression and anxiety. For example, recent studies in mood research have shown that whereas enhanced attention toward negative emotional information is associated with greater self-reported depression and anxiety, attention toward positive emotional information may play a role in mood repair. Little is known, however, as to whether or not a positive attention bias serves a protective function against negative mood states. To address this question, studies were conducted to validate a measure of psychological resilience in an undergraduate student population (study 1) and to investigate relationships among trait resiliency, selective attention to emotional information, and mood in response to a negative emotional stressor (studies 2, 3 and 4). The results of this set of studies showed that whereas low trait resiliency was associated higher levels of anxiety and depression, enhanced orienting toward negative emotional information, and slower orienting and faster disengagement away from positive emotional information, high trait resiliency was associated with greater mental well-being, and faster orienting toward and slower disengagement away from positive emotional information. Thus, whereas low trait resiliency individuals demonstrated poorer mental well-being along with attention biases toward negative emotional information and away from positive emotional information, high trait resiliency individuals demonstrated better mental well-being and preferentially attended positive emotional information. Finally, although high and low trait resiliency individuals differed in their attention for positive and negative emotional information, high trait resiliency individuals did not differ from low trait resiliency individuals in their self-reported experience of negative mood in response to an emotional stressor. The results of the present studies provide novel evidence for selective attention processing of emotional information in trait resiliency.
Counting Manatee Aggregations using Deep Neural Networks and Anisotropic Gaussian Kernel
Creators: name: Wang, Zhiqiang
name: Pang, Yiran
name: Ulus, Cihan
name: Zhu, Xingquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Manatees are aquatic mammals with voracious appetites. They rely on sea grass as the main food source, and often spend up to eight hours a day grazing. They move slow and frequently stay in group (i.e. aggregations) in shallow water to search for food, making them vulnerable to environment change and other risks. Accurate counting manatee aggregations within a region is not only biologically meaningful in observing their habit, but also crucial for designing safety rules for human boaters, divers, etc., as well as scheduling nursing, intervention, and other plans. In this paper, we propose a deep learning based crowd counting approach to automatically count number of manatees within a region, by using low quality images as input. Because manatees have unique shape and they often stay in shallow water in groups, water surface reflection, occlusion, camouflage etc. making it difficult to accurately count manatee numbers. To address the challenges, we propose to use Anisotropic Gaussian Kernel (AGK), with tunable rotation and variances, to ensure that density functions can maximally capture shapes of individual manatees in different aggregations. After that, we apply AGK kernel to different types of deep neural networks primarily designed for crowd counting, including VGG, SANet, Congested Scene Recognition network (CSRNet), MARUNet etc. to learn manatee densities and calculate number of manatees in the scene. By using generic low quality images extracted from surveillance videos, our experiment results and comparison show that AGK kernel based manatee counting achieves minimum Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The proposed method works particularly well for counting manatee aggregations in environments with complex background.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, 3 algorithms, and it has been accepted for publication in Scientific Reports
NEMO: Extraction and normalization of organization names from PubMed affiliation strings
Creators: name: Jonnalagadda, Siddhartha
name: Topham, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose NEMO, a system for extracting organization names in the affiliation and normalizing them to a canonical organization name. Our parsing process involves multi-layered rule matching with multiple dictionaries. The system achieves more than 98% f-score in extracting organization names. Our process of normalization that involves clustering based on local sequence alignment metrics and local learning based on finding connected components. A high precision was also observed in normalization. NEMO is the missing link in associating each biomedical paper and its authors to an organization name in its canonical form and the Geopolitical location of the organization. This research could potentially help in analyzing large social networks of organizations for landscaping a particular topic, improving performance of author disambiguation, adding weak links in the co-author network of authors, augmenting NLM's MARS system for correcting errors in OCR output of affiliation field, and automatically indexing the PubMed citations with the normalized organization name and country. Our system is available as a graphical user interface available for download along with this paper.