cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Milling of flexible structures
Creators: name: Montgomery, Darcy Thomas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Current manufacturing research aims at increasing productivity by optimal selection of process parameters. This is accomplished by understanding the fundamental physics of individual manufacturing processes. In this thesis, peripheral milling of very flexible cantilevered plates is studied. The static and dynamic deflections of the plate under periodic milling forces are modelled. A new dynamic cutting force model is developed which considers five discrete zones of relative motion between the tool and the workpiece. The kinematics of both milling and vibratory motions are modelled, which is an original research contribution in this area. It is shown that the penetration of the tool into the workpiece during vibratory cutting has a strong influence on the damping and stiffness characteristics of the milling process. A structural model of a discontinuous cantilevered plate is determined using the finite element method. A reduced order structural model at the tool-workpiece contact zone is implemented for discrete time response analysis of the plate under cutting force excitations during milling. The closed loop dynamic behaviour of the system is modelled and taken into account in the analysis. Simulations of plate machining are compared with experimental results. A model of the surface finish generation mechanism is deduced from the analysis and experimental results. Applications of this research include peripheral milling of integral jet engine impellers, computer disk drives and other flexible mechanical components.
Minimal Cycle Representatives in Persistent Homology using Linear Programming: an Empirical Study with User's Guide
Creators: name: Li, Lu
name: Thompson, Connor
name: Henselman-Petrusek, Gregory
name: Giusti, Chad
name: Ziegelmeier, Lori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cycle representatives of persistent homology classes can be used to provide descriptions of topological features in data. However, the non-uniqueness of these representatives creates ambiguity and can lead to many different interpretations of the same set of classes. One approach to solving this problem is to optimize the choice of representative against some measure that is meaningful in the context of the data. In this work, we provide a study of the effectiveness and computational cost of several $\ell_1$-minimization optimization procedures for constructing homological cycle bases for persistent homology with rational coefficients in dimension one, including uniform-weighted and length-weighted edge-loss algorithms as well as uniform-weighted and area-weighted triangle-loss algorithms. We conduct these optimizations via standard linear programming methods, applying general-purpose solvers to optimize over column bases of simplicial boundary matrices. Our key findings are: (i) optimization is effective in reducing the size of cycle representatives, (ii) the computational cost of optimizing a basis of cycle representatives exceeds the cost of computing such a basis in most data sets we consider, (iii) the choice of linear solvers matters a lot to the computation time of optimizing cycles, (iv) the computation time of solving an integer program is not significantly longer than the computation time of solving a linear program for most of the cycle representatives, using the Gurobi linear solver, (v) strikingly, whether requiring integer solutions or not, we almost always obtain a solution with the same cost and almost all solutions found have entries in {-1, 0, 1} and therefore, are also solutions to a restricted $\ell_0$ optimization problem, and (vi) we obtain qualitatively different results for generators in Erdős-Rényi random clique complexes.
Rene Pfeilschifter, Der Kaiser und Konstantinopel. Kommunikation und Konfliktaustrag in einer spätantiken Metropole
Creators: name: Rollinger, Christian
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Rene Pfeilschifter, Der Kaiser und Konstantinopel. Kommunikation und Konfliktaustrag in einer spätantiken Metropole. Millennium-Studien zu Kultur und Geschichte des ersten Jahrtausends n. Chr. Bd. 44. Berlin/Boston: Walter de Gruyter 2013, XVI + 722 S., mit Einlegekarte
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Phenomenology of Top Partners at the ILC
Creators: name: Kong, Kyoungchul
name: Park, Seong Chan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The assumption of a new symmetry provides a nice explanation of the existence of dark matter and an elegant way to avoid the electroweak constraints. This symmetry often requires the pair production of new particles at colliders and it guarantees that cascade decays down to the lightest particle give rise to missing energy plus jets and leptons. For a long time, supersymmetry with the conserved R-parity was the only candidate for such signals. However, any new physics with this type of new symmetry may show up with similar signals and the discrimination between different models at the LHC is quite challenging. In this paper, we address the problem of discrimination between different models, more concretely, in the little Higgs theory with T-parity (LHT) and the supersymmetric theory with R-parity. We concentrate on the pair production of heavy top partners, e.g., T-odd quarks in LHT and the scalar top quarks in the MSSM at linear colliders (LC).
description: 21 pages, 12 figures
Björn Schöpe, Der römische Kaiserhof in severischer Zeit (193-235 n. Chr.)
Creators: name: Lambrecht, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Björn Schöpe, Der römische Kaiserhof in severischer Zeit (193-235 n. Chr.). Historia-Einzelschriften Bd. 231. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag 2014, 401 S., 4 Abb.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Mischa Meier, Caesar und das Problem der Monarchie in Rom
Creators: name: Lambrecht, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Mischa Meier, Caesar und das Problem der Monarchie in Rom. Schriften der philosophisch-historischen Klasse der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften Bd. 52. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter 2014, 83 S.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Rainer Nickel, Der verbannte Stratege. Xenophon und der Tod des Thukydides
Creators: name: Frisch, Magnus
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Rainer Nickel, Der verbannte Stratege. Xenophon und der Tod des Thukydides. Darmstadt:Philipp von Zabern 2014, 144 S.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Steffen Diefenbach/Gernot Michael Müller (Hgg.), Gallien in der Spätantike und im Frühmittelalter. Kulturgeschichte einer Region
Creators: name: Schipp, Oliver
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Steffen Diefenbach/Gernot Michael Müller (Hgg.), Gallien in der Spätantike und im Frühmittelalter. Kulturgeschichte einer Region. Millennium Studien zu Kultur und Geschichte des ersten Jahrtausends n. Chr. Bd. 43. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter 2013, 492 S.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Summary Legal and Technical Report on Spent Convictions
Creators: name: Casanovas, Pompeu
name: de Koker, Louis
name: Keyzer, Patrick
name: Mendelson, Danuta
name: Watts, David
name: Barnes, Jeffrey
name: O'Toole, Suzanne
name: Stammers, Mira
name: Parsons, David
name: Governatori, Guido
name: Rodríguez-Doncel, Víctor
name: Hashmi, Mustafa
name: Gonzalez-Conejero, Jorge
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Spent convictions modelling
Survey on legal compliance
Spent convictions scheme issues
Legal interpretation
Constitutional problems
Proof of concept
Web of data

description: This legal and technical report on Spent Convictions modelling summarises the findings and results already presented in Deliverables DC3.1 - DC3.6 and provides concluding perspectives. This report includes a brief overview of the preliminary conceptual work and notes on the Spent Convictions Scheme solution prior to its semi-automated modelling. This report should ideally be read in conjunction with the earlier project deliverables: DC3.1 introduces the subject; DC3.2 presents the clustering for the survey on legal compliance; DC3.3 presents the roadmap towards publishing law as data using Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools; DC3.4 describes in more detail the Spent Convictions Scheme; DC3.5 elaborates on the potential interpretative issues and impact of Crimes Act 1914 (Cth) (Part VIIC – Division 3: Sections 85ZV, 85ZW and Associated Definitions); and DC3.6 analyses the case law perspective. This report briefly discusses (i) the survey on legal compliance in which the difference between regulatory and legal compliance is grounded; (ii) the legal issues raised by the Spent Convictions Scheme (steps, interpretations, case law and privacy); (iii) the Spent Convictions Scheme modelling in defeasible semantic logic, (iv) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques and applications. D3C.7 therefore summarises the results and findings of the Project and offers a proof of concept.
description: DC25008: Compliance by Design (CbD) and Compliance through Design (CtD) solutions to support automated information sharing (2018-19). Law and Policy. Project C. Spent Convictions Use Case. Australian Government funded Data to Decisions Cooperative Research Centre (2018-2019), end-user: Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission.
Hellmut Flashar u.a. (Hgg.), Die Philosophie der Antike
Creators: name: Weitz, Friedemann
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Hellmut Flashar u.a. (Hgg.), Die Philosophie der Antike. Frühgriechische Philosophie Bd. 1/1-2. Grundriss der Geschichte der Philosophie. Basel: Schwabe Verlag 2013, LIX + 1061 S.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Multi-Wavelength Photometry Derived from Monochromatic Kepler Data
Creators: name: Hedges, Christina
name: Luger, Rodrigo
name: Dotson, Jessie
name: Foreman-Mackey, Daniel
name: Barentsen, Geert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kepler mission has provided a wealth of data, revealing new insights in time-domain astronomy. However, Kepler's single band-pass has limited studies to a single wavelength. In this work we build a data-driven, pixel-level model for the Pixel Response Function (PRF) of Kepler targets, modeling the image data from the spacecraft. Our model is sufficiently flexible to capture known detector effects, such as non-linearity, intra-pixel sensitivity variations, and focus change. In theory, the shape of the Kepler PRF should also be weakly wavelength dependent, due to optical chromatic aberration and wavelength dependent detector response functions. We are able to identify these predicted shape changes to the PRF using the residuals between Kepler data and our model. In this work, we show that these PRF changes correspond to wavelength variability in Kepler targets using a small sample of eclipsing binaries. Using our model, we demonstrate that pixel-level light curves of eclipsing binaries show variable eclipse depths, ellipsoidal modulation and limb darkening. These changes at the pixel level are consistent with multi-wavelength photometry. Our work suggests each pixel in the Kepler data of a single target has a different effective wavelength, ranging from $\approx$ 550-750 $nm$. In this proof of concept, we demonstrate our model, and discuss possible use cases for the wavelength dependent Pixel Response Function of Kepler. These use cases include characterizing variable systems, and vetting exoplanet discoveries at the pixel level. The chromatic PRF of Kepler is due to weak wavelength dependence in the optical systems and detector of the telescope, and similar chromatic PRFs are expected in other similar telescopes, notably the NASA TESS telescope.
description: 20 pages, 17 figures, 1 table
First-principles calculation of the thermodynamics of In$_x$Ga$_{1-x}$N alloys: Effect of lattice vibrations
Creators: name: Gan, Chee Kwan
name: Feng, Yuan Ping
name: Srolovitz, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermodynamics properties of the wurtzite and zinc-blende \InGaN alloys are calculated using first-principles density-functional calculations. Special quasi-random structures are used to describe the disordered alloys, for $x= 1/4, 1/2$, and 3/4. The effect of lattice vibrations on the phase diagram, commonly omitted from semiconductor alloy phase diagram calculations, are included through first-principles calculations of phonon spectra. Inclusion of lattice vibrations leads to a large reduction in the order-disorder critical temperature ($\sim 29$% and $\sim 26$% for the wurtzite and zinc-blende structures, respectively) and changes the shape of the solubility and spinodal curve through changes in the entropies of the competing phases. Neglect of such effect produces significant errors in the phase diagrams of complex ordered semiconductor compounds. The critical temperature for phase separation is 1654 K (1771 K) for the wurtzite (zinc-blende) structures. The predicted phase diagrams are in agreement with experimental measurements on MOCVD \InGaN\ films.
description: Physical Review B, vol. 73, (2006) 235214
Tobias Mühlenbruch, Baubefunde und Stratigraphie der Unterburg und des nordwestlichen Stadtgebiets (Kampagnen 1976 bis 1983). Teil 2: Die mykenische Nachpalastzeit
Creators: name: Rüden, Constance Von
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Tobias Mühlenbruch, Baubefunde und Stratigraphie der Unterburg und des nordwestlichen Stadtgebiets (Kampagnen 1976 bis 1983). Teil 2: Die mykenische Nachpalastzeit. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag 2013, 448 S.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Benedikt Steierer, Odysseus’ Heimkehr? Medien und Mythos im Film
Creators: name: Bitto, Gregor
name: Grimm, Bruno
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Benedikt Steierer, Odysseus’ Heimkehr? Medien und Mythos im Film. Film – Medium – Diskurs 47. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann 2013, 205 S.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
The COSMOS Survey: Hubble Space Telescope / Advanced Camera for Surveys (HST/ACS) Observations and Data Processing
Creators: name: Koekemoer, A. M.
name: Aussel, H.
name: Calzetti, D.
name: Capak, P.
name: Giavalisco, M.
name: Kneib, J. -P.
name: Leauthaud, A.
name: Fevre, O. Le
name: McCracken, H. J.
name: Massey, R.
name: Mobasher, B.
name: Rhodes, J.
name: Scoville, N.
name: Shopbell, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the details of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys / Wide Field Channel (ACS/WFC) observations of the COSMOS field, including the data calibration and processing procedures. We obtained a total of 583 orbits of HST ACS/WFC imaging in the F814W filter, covering a field that is 1.64 square degrees in area, the largest contiguous field ever imaged with HST. The median exposure depth across the field is 2028 seconds (one HST orbit), achieving a limiting point-source depth AB(F814W) = 27.2 (5 sigma). We also present details about the astrometric image registration, distortion removal and image combination using MultiDrizzle, as well as motivating the choice of our final pixel scale (30 milliarcseconds per pixel), based on the requirements for weak lensing science. The final set of images are publicly available through the archive sites at IPAC and STScI, along with further documentation on how they were produced.
description: Accepted for ApJ COSMOS Special Issue, 17 pages, 4 figures, aastex. A version with higher resolution figures is available at: http://www.stsci.edu/~koekemoe/
Dynamical Modeling of the CIV Broad Line Region of the $z=2.805$ Multiply Imaged Quasar SDSS J2222+2745
Creators: name: Williams, Peter R.
name: Treu, Tommaso
name: Dahle, Håkon
name: Valenti, Stefano
name: Abramson, Louis
name: Barth, Aaron J.
name: Brewer, Brendon J.
name: Dyrland, Karianne
name: Gladders, Michael
name: Horne, Keith
name: Sharon, Keren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present CIV BLR modeling results for the multiply imaged $z=2.805$ quasar SDSS J2222+2745. Using data covering a 5.3 year baseline after accounting for gravitational time delays, we find models that can reproduce the observed emission-line spectra and integrated CIV fluctuations. The models suggest a thick disk BLR that is inclined by $\sim$40 degrees to the observer's line of sight and with a emissivity weighted median radius of $r_{\rm median} = 33.0^{+2.4}_{-2.1}$ light days. The kinematics are dominated by near-circular Keplerian motion with the remainder inflowing. The rest-frame lag one would measure from the models is $τ_{\rm median} = 36.4^{+1.8}_{-1.8}$ days, which is consistent with measurements based on cross-correlation. We show a possible geometry and transfer function based on the model fits and find that the model-produced velocity-resolved lags are consistent with those from cross-correlation. We measure a black hole mass of $\log_{10}(M_{\rm BH}/M_\odot) = 8.31^{+0.07}_{-0.06}$, which requires a scale factor of $\log_{10}(f_{{\rm mean},σ}) = 0.20^{+0.09}_{-0.07}$.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, submitted to ApJL
Elena Cazzuffi, 'Decimi Magni Ausonii Ludus septem sapientum'. Introduzione, testo, traduzione e commento
Creators: name: Dräger, Paul
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Elena Cazzuffi, 'Decimi Magni Ausonii Ludus septem sapientum'. Introduzione, testo, traduzione e commento. Spudasmata, Bd. 160. Hildesheim: Olms Verlag 2014. CLIV + 137 S.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Nicolas Vinel (Hg.), 'In Nicomachi Arithmeticam'. Jamblique. Introduction, Texte critique, Traduction française et Notes
Creators: name: Freibert, Beatrix
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Nicolas Vinel (Hg.), 'In Nicomachi Arithmeticam'. Jamblique. Introduction, Texte critique, Traduction française et Notes. Mathematica Graeca Antiqua Bd. 3. Pisa/Rom: Fabrizio Serra Editore 2014, 348 S., Abb.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Community before computing: reflections on collections as data
Creators: name: Potvin, Sarah E. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: collections as data, community engagement, libraries, cultural heritage

description: How can collection stewards create and serve computationally-accessible collections as data? How can teachers, researchers, journalists, curators, and others who rely on collections as data find and access this data, and communicate their needs? How can collections as data move beyond large and well-resourced institutions and implementations? The Always Already Computational: Collections as Data project, which ran 2016-2018 with generous support from the Institute of Museum and Library Services’ National Digital Platform grant program, sought to address these - and other - questions while documenting and sharing current and potential approaches to collections as data. Always Already Computational convened two national forums, organized multiple workshops, shared project outcomes in professional conferences, sought broad feedback, and generated a framework comprising nearly a dozen publications meant to guide institutions. In this presentation, Always Already Computational project team member Sarah Potvin will situate and summarize the project’s activities and framework, reflect on its critical emphasis on ‘community’ and ‘computing,’ and invite discussion of persistent questions for collections as data.
Blazar Gamma-Rays, Shock Acceleration, and the Extragalactic Background Light
Creators: name: Stecker, Floyd W.
name: Baring, Matthew G.
name: Summerlin, Errol J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed spectra of blazars, their intrinsic emission, and the underlying populations of radiating particles are intimately related. The use of these sources as probes of the extragalactic infrared background, a prospect propelled by recent advances in TeV-band telescopes, soon to be augmented by observations by NASA's upcoming Gamma-Ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST), has been a topic of great recent interest. Here, it is demonstrated that if particles in blazar jets are accelerated at relativistic shocks, then gamma-ray spectra with indices less than 1.5 can be produced. This, in turn, loosens the upper limits on the near infrared extragalactic background radiation previously proposed. We also show evidence hinting that TeV blazars with flatter spectra have higher intrinsic TeV gamma-ray luminosities and we indicate that there may be a correlation of flatness and luminosity with redshift.
description: Version to appear in ApJ Letters, Vol. 667, 20 Sept. 2007
Accretion-Induced Collapse of Neutron Stars in the Disks of Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Perna, Rosalba
name: Tagawa, Hiromichi
name: Haiman, Zoltan
name: Bartos, Imre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The disks of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) have emerged as a rich environment for the evolution of stars and their compact remnants. The very dense medium favors rapid accretion, while torques and migration traps enhance binary formation and mergers. Both long and short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are hence expected. We show that AGN disks constitute an ideal environment for another interesting phenomenon: the accretion induced collapse (AIC) of neutron stars (NSs) to black holes (BHs). Rapid accretion in the dense disks can cause NSs to grow to the point of exceeding the maximum mass allowed by their equation of state. General relativistic magnetohydrodynamical simulations have shown that electromagnetic signatures are expected if the NS is surrounded by a mini-disk prior to collapse, which then rapidly accretes onto the BH, and/or if the NS is highly magnetized, from reconnection of the magnetosphere during collapse. Here we compute the rates of AICs and their locations within the disks for both isolated NSs, and for (initially stable) NSs formed from NS-NS mergers. We find that the global AIC rates are $\sim 0.07-20$~Gpc$^{-3}$~yr$^{-1}$, and we discuss their observable prospects and signatures as they emerge from the dense disk environments.
description: Submitted to AAS Journals. Comments are welcome
Arvid Göttlicher, Ausonius’ Mosella und das antike Seewesen
Creators: name: Dräger, Paul
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Arvid Göttlicher, Ausonius’ Mosella und das antike Seewesen. Gutenberg: Computus Druck 2013, 399 S., 203 Abb.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Badisches Landesmuseum Karlsruhe, Imperium der Götter. Isis, Mithras, Christus. Kulte und Religionen im Römischen Reich
Creators: name: Freyburger, Gérard
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Badisches Landesmuseum Karlsruhe, Imperium der Götter. Isis, Mithras, Christus. Kulte und Religionen im Römischen Reich. Darmstadt: Theiss Verlag 2013, 400 S., 500 Abb.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Possible observational evidence that cosmic filaments spin
Creators: name: Wang, Peng
name: Libeskind, Noam I.
name: Tempel, Elmo
name: Kang, Xi
name: Guo, Quan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most cosmological structures in the universe spin. Although structures in the universe form on a wide variety of scales from small dwarf galaxies to large super clusters, the generation of angular momentum across these scales is poorly understood. We have investigated the possibility that filaments of galaxies - cylindrical tendrils of matter hundreds of millions of light-years across, are themselves spinning. By stacking thousands of filaments together and examining the velocity of galaxies perpendicular to the filament's axis (via their red and blue shift), we have found that these objects too display motion consistent with rotation making them the largest objects known to have angular momentum. The strength of the rotation signal is directly dependent on the viewing angle and the dynamical state of the filament. Just as it is easiest to measure rotation in a spinning disk galaxy viewed edge on, so too is filament rotation clearly detected under similar geometric alignment. Furthermore, the mass of the haloes that sit at either end of the filaments also increases the spin speed. The more massive the haloes, the more rotation is detected. These results signify that angular momentum can be generated on unprecedented scales.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, to appear in the 14 June issue of Nature Astronomy, a version after one round of reviews. The final authenticated version is available online at https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-021-01380-6
Burkhard Emme, Peristyl und Polis. Entwicklungen und Funktionen öffentlicher griechischer Hofanlagen
Creators: name: Russenberger, Christian
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Burkhard Emme, Peristyl und Polis. Entwicklungen und Funktionen öffentlicher griechischer Hofanlagen. Urban Spaces Bd. 1. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter 2013, 487 S., 55 s/w-Abb., 99 s/w-Taf.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
The limits of filopodium stability
Creators: name: Pronk, Sander
name: Geissler, Phillip L.
name: Fletcher, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Filopodia are long, finger-like membrane tubes supported by cytoskeletal filaments. Their shape is determined by the stiffness of the actin filament bundles found inside them and by the interplay between the surface tension and bending rigidity of the membrane. Although one might expect the Euler buckling instability to limit the length of filopodia, we show through simple energetic considerations that this is in general not the case. By further analyzing the statics of filaments inside membrane tubes, and through computer simulations that capture membrane and filament fluctuations, we show under which conditions filopodia of arbitrary lengths are stable. We discuss several in vitro experiments where this kind of stability has already been observed. Furthermore, we predict that the filaments in long, stable filopodia adopt a helical shape.
Floquet Phases of Matter via Classical Prethermalization
Creators: name: Ye, Bingtian
name: Machado, Francisco
name: Yao, Norman Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the prethermal regime of periodically driven (Floquet), classical many-body systems can host nonequilibrium phases of matter. In particular, we show that there exists an effective Hamiltonian that captures the dynamics of ensembles of classical trajectories despite the breakdown of this description at the single trajectory level. In addition, we prove that the effective Hamiltonian can host emergent symmetries protected by the discrete time-translation symmetry of the drive. The spontaneous breaking of such an emergent symmetry leads to a subharmonic response, characteristic of time crystalline order, that survives to exponentially late times in the frequency of the drive. To this end, we numerically demonstrate the existence of classical prethermal time crystals in systems with different dimensionalities and ranges of interaction. Extensions to higher order and fractional time crystals are also discussed.
description: 8+7 pages and 3+6 figures
Markus Wolf, Die Agora von Solunt. Öffentliche Gebäude und öffentliche Räume des Hellenismus im griechischen Westen
Creators: name: Sielhorst, Barbara
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Markus Wolf, Die Agora von Solunt. Öffentliche Gebäude und öffentliche Räume des Hellenismus im griechischen Westen. Sonderschriften des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts Rom Bd. 16. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag 2014, 208 S., 13 s/w-Tab., 1 farb. Abb., 295 s/w-Abb., 2 Pläne als Beilage
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Breakdown of the Narrow Width Approximation for New Physics
Creators: name: Berdine, D.
name: Kauer, N.
name: Rainwater, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The narrow width approximation is used in high energy physics to reduce the complexity of scattering calculations. It is a fortunate accident that it works so well for the Standard Model, but in general it will fail in the context of new physics. We find numerous examples of significant corrections when the calculation is performed fully off-shell including a finite width, notably from effects from the decay matrix elements. If not taken into account, attempts to reconstruct the Lagrangian of a new physics discovery from data would result in considerable inaccuracies and likely inconsistencies.
description: 4 p., 3 figs, comments clarified, version to appear in PRL
Michael Mackensen/Florian Schimmer (Hgg.), Der römische Militärplatz Submuntorium. Burghöfe an der oberen Donau
Creators: name: Gugl, Christian
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Michael Mackensen/Florian Schimmer (Hgg.), Der römische Militärplatz 'Submuntorium'. Burghöfe an der oberen Donau. Archäologische Untersuchungen im spätrömischen Kastell und Vicus 2001-2007, Münchner Beiträge zur Provinzialrömischen Archäologie Bd. 4. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag 2013, 568 S.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
title: Development of Biophysical and Chemical Methods for Investigations into the Polymorphic Nature of Amyloid Fibril Structures
Creators: name: Lutter, Liisa
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: Protein misfolding and self-assembly into the amyloid state is associated with a range of neurodegenerative diseases. These diseases affect an increasing number of patients every year and have significant detrimental human and economic impacts. Despite sharing the cross-β core architecture, amyloid fibrils exhibit polymorphism, which is likely to underpin the relationship between structure, function, and dysfunction. In this work, the nature of amyloid fibril structural polymorphism is investigated using chemical conjugation and biophysical methods. Amyloid-DNA conjugates were made, with the aim of altering amyloid suprastructure and thus modulate the transmission of amyloid between cells, as well as develop modular nanomaterials. A modified variant of the Sup35 prion protein was used as a model system to which complementary DNA strands or a nucleobase analogue were conjugated via thiol-maleimide reactions. Atomic force microscopy, a nanoscale imaging technique, was used to characterise the modified Sup35 fibrils. Furthermore, AFM image analysis methodologies were advanced through the development of image deconvolution and 3D reconstruction algorithms. This approach led to both in silico correction of an imaging artefact and an approximate doubling of local resolution. The AFM analysis approach was further improved by integrating data from cryo-EM with AFM 3D envelopes, in a developed comparative morphometrics approach. This was demonstrated on dGAE tau amyloid and cryo-EM density maps of tau fibrils from various tauopathies, as well as heparin-induced in vitro formed fibrils, showing that in vitro self-assembled dGAE is a physiologically relevant model system as it is similar to PHF fibrils from Alzheimer's disease patient brain tissue. Finally, a systematic meta- analysis of structural features across all amyloid fibril atomic models in the PDB and EMDB was carried out to investigate the structural basis of the different biological effects of amyloid. The work in thesis contributes to improving our fundamental understanding of amyloid structure-function relationships.
Johannes Wienand, Der Kaiser als Sieger. Metamorphosen triumphaler Herrschaft unter Constantin I.
Creators: name: Schneider, Horst
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Johannes Wienand, Der Kaiser als Sieger. Metamorphosen triumphaler Herrschaft unter Constantin I. Klio, Beiträge zur Alten Geschichte, Beihefte, Neue Folge Bd. 19, unter Mitarbeit von M. Clauss und H.-J. Gehrke, herausgegeben von H. Brandt und M. Jehne. Berlin: Akademie Verlag 2012, 617 S., 150 Abb.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Suzanne Frey-Kupper, Die antiken Fundmünzen vom Monte Iato 1971-1990. Ein Beitrag zur Geldgeschichte Westsiziliens
Creators: name: Vitale, Marco
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Suzanne Frey-Kupper, Die antiken Fundmünzen vom Monte Iato 1971-1990. Ein Beitrag zur Geldgeschichte Westsiziliens. Studia Ietina Bd. 10. Prahins: Éditions du Zèbre 2013, 2 Bände: XVI + 522 S., VIII + 294 S.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Johannes Griebel, Der Kaiser im Krieg. Die Bilder der Säule des Marc Aurel
Creators: name: Beckmann, Martin
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Johannes Griebel, Der Kaiser im Krieg. Die Bilder der Säule des Marc Aurel. Image & Context Bd. 11. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter 2013, X + 501 S.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Michael Altripp, Die Basilika in Byzanz. Gestalt, Ausstattung und Funktion sowie das Verhältnis zur Kreuzkuppelkirche
Creators: name: Ousterhout, Robert
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Michael Altripp, Die Basilika in Byzanz. Gestalt, Ausstattung und Funktion sowie das Verhältnis zur Kreuzkuppelkirche. Millennium-Studien Bd. 42. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter 2013, IX + 216 S.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Kai Brodersen (Hg.), Censorinus. Das Geburtstagsbuch
Creators: name: Fetkenheuer, Klaus
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Kai Brodersen (Hg.), Censorinus. Das Geburtstagsbuch. Übersetzt und erläutert von Kai Brodersen. Darmstadt: Primus Verlag 2011, 118 S.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Analytic impurity solver with the Kondo strong-coupling asymptotics
Creators: name: Janis, V.
name: Augustinsky, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytic universal impurity solver for strongly correlated electrons. We extend the many-body perturbation expansion via suitable two-particle renormalizations from the Fermi-liquid regime to the critical region of the metal-insulator transition. The reliability of the approximation in the strong-coupling limit is demonstrated by reproducing the Kondo scale in the single-impurity Anderson model. We disclose the origin of the Kondo resonance in terms of Feynman diagrams and find criteria for the existence of the proper Kondo asymptotic behavior in approximate theories.
description: 7 pages REVTeX4, 5 EPS figures, extended version
Christian Touratier, Lateinische Grammatik. Linguistische Einführung in die lateinische Sprache
Creators: name: Sclavi, Giacomo
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Christian Touratier, Lateinische Grammatik. Linguistische Einführung in die lateinische Sprache. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft 2013, 400 S.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Liba Taub – Aude Doody (Hgg.), Authorial Voices in Greco-Roman Technical Writing
Creators: name: Diederich, Silke
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Liba Taub – Aude Doody (Hgg.), Authorial Voices in Greco-Roman Technical Writing. AKAN-Einzelschriften 7. Trier: Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Trier 2009, 170 S., 4. Abb., Bibliographie, Index
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 17 (2014): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
A Statistical Analysis of the Nulling Pulsar Population
Creators: name: Sheikh, Sofia Z.
name: MacDonald, Mariah G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Approximately 8% of the $\sim$2800 known pulsars exhibit "nulling," a temporary broadband cessation of normal pulsar emission. Nulling behaviour can be coarsely quantified by the nulling fraction, which describes the percentage of time a given pulsar will be found in a null state. In this paper, we perform the most thorough statistical analysis thus far of the properties of 141 known nulling pulsars. We find weak, non-linear correlations between nulling fraction and pulse width, as well as nulling fraction and spin period which could be attributed to selection effects. We also further investigate a recently-hypothesized gap at 40% nulling fraction. While a local minimum does exist in the distribution, we cannot confirm a consistent and unique break in the distribution when we investigate with univariate and multivariate clustering methods, nor can we prove the existence of two statistically distinct populations about this minimum. Using the same methods, we find that nulling pulsars are a statistically different population from normal, radio, non-nulling pulsars, which has never been quantitatively verified. In addition, we summarize the findings of the prior nulling pulsar statistics literature, which are notoriously contradictory. This study, in context, furthers the idea that nulling fraction alone does not contain enough information to describe the behaviour of a nulling pulsar and that other parameters such as null lengths and null randomness, in addition to a better understanding of selection effects, are required to fully understand this phenomenon.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Discordant performances of non-invasive prenatal testing for foetal trisomy 21 screening in subgroups of pregnancies
Creators: name: Suo, Feng
name: Wang, Yi
name: Wang, Na
name: Wang, Yawen
name: Liao, Mingming
name: Wang, Jingjing
name: Wang, Chuanxia
name: Zhang, Yan
name: Zhang, Man
name: Zhang, Chu
name: Gu, Maosheng
name: Gou, Lingshan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) has been widely adopted as an approach for foetal aneuploidy screening. This study was to evaluate the performance of NIPT for foetal T21 detection in subgroups of pregnancies and the correlation between Z-score and discordant positive predictive values (PPVs). We retrospectively reviewed the NIPT results among 22361 pregnancies undergoing combined second-trimester screening (cSTS) previously. Sixty-four cases with positive NIPT results for foetal T21 were validated by invasive prenatal diagnosis. In pregnancies with cSTS-T21 low-, intermediate-, and high-risk, the PPVs at NIPT were 14.3%, 64.3%, and 86.4%, respectively. Mean Z-scores of positive NIPT cases with cSTS-T21 high- and intermediate-risk were comparable, while were higher than that of cases with pre-test low-risk. Furthermore, PPVs for positive NIPT cases at 3 < Z < 5, 5 ≤ Z < 9, and Z ≥ 9 were 16.7%, 63.2%, and 100.0%, respectively. This study suggested that Z-score value of positive cases might be associated with discordant PPVs for T21 screening in subgroups of pregnancies. Non-invasive prenatal testing has been offered as a primary screening option to high-risk or general pregnancy. However, the accuracy of non-invasive prenatal testing in patients with various pre-test risks remained unveiled. The current study revealed that the true positive probability for foetal trisomy 21 screening in pregnancies with prior high-risk was higher than that in pregnancies of intermediate-risk, and both of them were much higher than that of those with pre-test low-risk. The average of Z-score for chromosome 21 of positive non-invasive prenatal testing case in high-risk group was comparable with that of intermediate-risk group, while was higher than that of low-risk group. There was also an upward trend for the true positive probability of foetal trisomy 21 screening with the increase of Z-score. Our study revealed that pre-test risk and Z-score for chromosome 21 were helpful for accurately interpreting the reliability of positive results for foetal trisomy 21.
Astrocladistics of the Jovian Trojan Swarms
Creators: name: Holt, Timothy R.
name: Horner, Jonathan
name: Nesvorný, David
name: King, Rachel
name: Popescu, Marcel
name: Carter, Brad D.
name: Tylor, Christopher C. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Jovian Trojans are two swarms of small objects that share Jupiter's orbit, clustered around the leading and trailing Lagrange points, L$_4$ and L$_5$. In this work, we investigate the Jovian Trojan population using the technique of astrocladistics, an adaptation of the `tree of life' approach used in biology. We combine colour data from WISE, SDSS, Gaia DR2 and MOVIS surveys with knowledge of the physical and orbital characteristics of the Trojans, to generate a classification tree composed of clans with distinctive characteristics. We identify 48 clans, indicating groups of objects that possibly share a common origin. Amongst these are several that contain members of the known collisional families, though our work identifies subtleties in that classification that bear future investigation. Our clans are often broken into subclans, and most can be grouped into 10 superclans, reflecting the hierarchical nature of the population. Outcomes from this project include the identification of several high priority objects for additional observations and as well as providing context for the objects to be visited by the forthcoming \textit{Lucy} mission. Our results demonstrate the ability of astrocladistics to classify multiple large and heterogeneous composite survey datasets into groupings useful for studies of the origins and evolution of our Solar system.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Possible nature of Dark Matter
Creators: name: Husain, Wasif
name: Thomas, Anthony W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: {We present a study of neutron star models that contain dark matter (DM) in the core. The DM is assumed to have a particle nature and to be self-interacting. Using constraints on the mass and radius of neutron stars, we investigate the allowed properties of either bosonic or fermionic DM particles. We consider cases where it constitutes up to 15\% of the mass of the star, even though conventional mechanisms cannot generate such large fractions. For this purpose three different models of neutron stars are considered, the first involving nucleons only, the second including hyperons, and the last involving strange matter in the core. Different EoSs are constructed for the various cases of fermionic and bosonic DM. These EoSs are solved for selected properties of the DM particles and the results are tested against mass, radius and tidal deformability constraints for neutron stars. The distribution of energy density of DM and ordinary matter inside the neutron stars is also presented. It is found that if the DM is fermionic in nature it does not just sit in the core but it is present everywhere in the star, from the centre to outside the surface and may even envelop it.
description: 19 pages, 18 figures