cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Non-cancellable elements in type affine $C$ Coxeter groups
Creators: name: Ernst, Dana C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F55, 06A07, 20C08

description: Let $(W,S)$ be a Coxeter system and suppose that $w \in W$ is fully commutative (in the sense of Stembridge) and has a reduced expression beginning (respectively, ending) with $s \in S$. If there exists $t\in S$ such that $s$ and $t$ do not commute and $tw$ (respectively, $wt$) is no longer fully commutative, we say that $w$ is left (respectively, right) weak star reducible by $s$ with respect to $t$. In this paper, we classify the fully commutative elements in Coxeter groups of types $B$ and affine $C$ that are irreducible under weak star reductions. In a sequel to this paper, the classification of the weak star irreducible elements in a Coxeter system of type affine $C$ will provide the groundwork for inductive arguments used to prove the faithfulness of a generalized Temperley--Lieb algebra of type affine $C$ by a particular diagram algebra.
description: The statement of Proposition 3.2.3 contained a small error in the previous version. This has been addressed in the new version. Thankfully, this error had no impact on the remainder of the paper. The published version in Int. Electron. J. Algebra, 8:191-218, 2010 still contains the error. 21 pages, 22 figures
Nuclei with up to $\boldsymbol{A=6}$ nucleons with artificial neural network wave functions
Creators: name: Gnech, Alex
name: Adams, Corey
name: Brawand, Nicholas
name: Carleo, Giuseppe
name: Lovato, Alessandro
name: Rocco, Noemi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground-breaking works of Weinberg have opened the way to calculations of atomic nuclei that are based on systematically improvable Hamiltonians. Solving the associated many-body Schrödinger equation involves non-trivial difficulties, due to the non-perturbative nature and strong spin-isospin dependence of nuclear interactions. Artificial neural networks have proven to be able to compactly represent the wave functions of nuclei with up to $A=4$ nucleons. In this work, we extend this approach to $^6$Li and $^6$He nuclei, using as input a leading-order pionless effective field theory Hamiltonian. We successfully benchmark their binding energies, point-nucleon densities, and radii with the highly accurate hyperspherical harmonics method.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, invited contribution to the special issue in Few-Body Systems "Celebrating 30 years of Steven Weinberg's papers on Nuclear Forces from Chiral Lagrangians"
L’asimmetria e l’attrazione. Pittura e chimica dei sentimenti in L’amore normale di Alessandra Sarchi
Creators: name: Zinato, Emanuele
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Cagliari
Year: 2014

description: L’amore normale (Einaudi stile libero, 2014) di Alessandra Sarchi è un romanzo che sa guardare, goethianamente, “dietro il sipario” dei sentimenti, spingendosi con coraggio “oltre l’orlo”. La vicenda è bipartita: la prima parte consta di 22 capitoletti, la seconda di 17. Ogni capitolo reca nel titolo il nome di uno dei personaggi a cui vien data voce (la coppia principale, Laura e Davide, le figlie Violetta e Bettina, Mia, Fabrizio, Letizia, Giovanna) e solo per tre volte le voci narranti s’incrociano nell’ambito di un medesimo capitolo.
description: Between, Vol 4, N° 7 (2014): Poteri della retorica
Alcohol and drug use among road users involved in fatal crashes in Norway
Creators: name: Pasnin, Live Tanum
name: Gjerde, Hallvard
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To study the prevalence of alcohol and drugs in biological samples from drivers, motorcycle riders, bicyclists, and pedestrians involved in fatal road traffic crashes (RTCs) during 2016-2018 in Norway, both among fatally injured victims and those who survived fatal RTCs. Anonymous information was extracted from police data. No personal data were recorded. There were 330 fatal RTCs with 349 killed road users and 384 survivors during the study period; this included 179 passengers who were excluded from the study. In total, 90% of the studied killed road users and 67% of the survivors were investigated for alcohol or drug use by analyzing biological samples. Alcohol or drugs in concentrations above the legal limits were detected in 21% of the analyzed samples. The proportion impaired by alcohol or drugs (blood alcohol concentrations equal to or greater than 0.05%, or drug concentrations above equivalent limits) was highest among killed bicyclists (43%), higher than among killed pedestrians (24%), car and van drivers (28%) and motorcyclists (20%), and significantly higher than among drivers who survived fatal crashes (4%). Impairment due to use of alcohol or drugs was often a contributing factor among bicyclists, pedestrians and motor vehicle drivers who died in RTCs. Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs was more often a contributing factor in cases where the motor vehicle driver was killed than in cases where the driver survived.
How to address cellular heterogeneity by distribution biology
Creators: name: Komin, Niko
name: Skupin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cellular heterogeneity is an immanent property of biological systems that covers very different aspects of life ranging from genetic diversity to cell-to-cell variability driven by stochastic molecular interactions, and noise induced cell differentiation. Here, we review recent developments in characterizing cellular heterogeneity by distributions and argue that understanding multicellular life requires the analysis of heterogeneity dynamics at single cell resolution by integrative approaches that combine methods from non-equilibrium statistical physics, information theory and omics biology.
Chern-Simons theory on L(p,q) lens spaces and Gopakumar-Vafa duality
Creators: name: Brini, Andrea
name: Griguolo, Luca
name: Seminara, Domenico
name: Tanzini, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81T45 (Primary), 81T30, 57M27, 17B37, 14N35

description: We consider aspects of Chern-Simons theory on L(p,q) lens spaces and its relation with matrix models and topological string theory on Calabi-Yau threefolds, searching for possible new large N dualities via geometric transition for non-SU(2) cyclic quotients of the conifold. To this aim we find, on one hand, some novel matrix integral representations of the SU(N) CS partition function in a generic flat background for the whole L(p,q) family and provide a solution for its large N dynamics; on the other, we perform in full detail the construction of a family of would-be dual closed string backgrounds via conifold geometric transition from T^*L(p,q). We can then explicitly prove that Gopakumar-Vafa duality in a fixed vacuum fails in the case q>1, and briefly discuss how it could be restored in a non-perturbative setting.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures; references added
Big Data Analytics in the Smart Grid
Creators: IEEE Working Group on Big Data Analytics
Machine Learning & Artificial Intelligence in the Smart Grid
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2018

White Paper
The concept of smart grid incorporates a network of generation, transmission and distribution components that undertake power delivery from bulk generation power plants and distributed generation to various types of loads. The components are governed and managed by intelligent devices from generation to consumption, and can be optimized based on environmental and economic constraints. A smart grid allows utilities to engage consumers in power generation at the residential and industrial level, and may implement a bidirectional power exchange. To enable being smart, a huge amount of data is exchanged between grid components and the enterprise systems that manage these components. Based on the application, information exchanged enables economically optimized bidirectional power flow between a utility and its customers. Data exchange is essential for controlling, monitoring and coordination between smart equipment in a smart grid subsystem. For optimal performance, big data analytics are a necessity, and local autonomous control is achieved when artificial intelligence is applied using machine learning techniques. This paper reviews the applications of big data analytics, machine learning and artificial intelligence in the smart grid. Benefits, challenges, impacts and problems of employing these techniques are presented. Some big data analytics approaches for computing and transmitting data are detailed.
Image Data Augmentation for the TAIGA-IACT Experiment with Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks
Creators: name: Dubenskaya, Yu. Yu.
name: Kryukov, A. P.
name: Gres, E. O.
name: Polyakov, S. P.
name: Postnikov, E. B.
name: Volchugov, P. A.
name: Vlaskina, A. A.
name: Zhurov, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) generate a huge amount of data that must be classified automatically, ideally in real time. Currently, machine learning-based solutions are increasingly being used to solve classification problems. However, these classifiers require proper training data sets to work correctly. The problem with training neural networks on real IACT data is that these data need to be pre-labeled, whereas such labeling is difficult and its results are estimates. In addition, the distribution of incoming events is highly imbalanced. Firstly, there is an imbalance in the types of events, since the number of detected gamma quanta is significantly less than the number of protons. Secondly, the energy distribution of particles of the same type is also imbalanced, since high-energy particles are extremely rare. This imbalance results in poorly trained classifiers that, once trained, do not handle rare events correctly. Using only conventional Monte Carlo event simulation methods to solve this problem is possible, but extremely resource-intensive and time-consuming. To address this issue, we propose to perform data augmentation with artificially generated events of the desired type and energy using conditional generative adversarial networks (cGANs), distinguishing classes by energy values. In the paper, we describe a simple algorithm for generating balanced data sets using cGANs. Thus, the proposed neural network model produces both imbalanced data sets for physical analysis as well as balanced data sets suitable for training other neural networks.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, Proceedings of The 8th International Conference on Deep Learning in Computational Physics, June 19-21, 2024, Moscow, Russia
Purification and properties of choline acetyltransferase from chicken brain
Creators: name: Ma, Kelvin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Choline acetyltransferase (ChAc), the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of acetylcholine (ACh), has been extensively purified from chicken brains. Purification procedures included ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-Sephadex (A-25), hydroxyapatite, Sephadex G-150 column chromatography, and affinity chromatography on agarose-hexane-Coenzyme A column. ChAc activity was measured radiochemically. Due to the instability of the enzyme in the course of purification, the most active fraction obtained after agarose-hexane-Coenzyme A chromatography showed a specific activity of only 0.34 μmoles ACh formed/ min./mg protein which corresponded to a 773 fold purification from homogenate. However, on non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at pH 8.8, the highly purified ChAc preparation showed two distinct bands, and ChAc activity was recovered by slicing and assaying the gel. ChAc activity corresponded to the position of the faster moving band. The same preparation showed one major band and two minor bands on SDS gel electrophoresis. The estimated MW of chicken brain ChAc by gel filtration and SDS gel electrophoresis was 42,500 daltons and no subunit was observed. Two forms of chicken brain ChAc with different Km values for the substrates were eluted from agarose-hexane-CoA column. The pH optimum was estimated to be between pH 7.6-8.0. NaCl, KC1, Ca²⁺ and EDTA stimulated, while Cu²⁺, N-ethylmaleimide and CoA inhibited the enzyme preparation. The apparent Km values for acetyl-CoA and choline were, studied and were found to be similar to those of other mammalian species. The ChAc preparation also showed species specificity by the Ouchterlony double immuno diffusion test. Effect and mechanisms of salt and EDTA activation of ChAc activity are discussed.
IEEE Smart Grid''s 2018 IEEE International Forum on Smart Grids for Smart Cities (SG4SC) - Session 7A
Creators: Thomas Schlecter
Ehsan Sheybani
Ravinder Venugopal
Davood Babazadeh
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2018

Session 7A Slides: Thomas Schlecter - Security is a Quality Criteria Ravinder Venugopal -The Role of Real-Time Simulation Davood Babazadeh-Methods to Enhance Cyber-Physical Resilience in Energy Systems Ehsan Sheybani - AI for Big Data in the Smart Grid
Thomas Schlecter - Security is a Quality Criteria
  Ravinder Venugopal -The Role of Real-Time Simulation
  Davood Babazadeh-Methods to Enhance Cyber-Physical Resilience in Energy Systems
 Ehsan Sheybani - AI for Big Data in the Smart Grid
Building Code For Power System Software Security
Creators: Carl E. Landwehr and Alfonso Valdes
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2017

White Paper
Both the attractiveness of power systems as targets of cyberattack and their vulnerability to remote attack via digital networks are evident from recent world events. While policy makers seek means to deter such attacks politically, the most effective way to reduce their attractiveness as targets is to reduce their vulnerability to such attacks. This can be done.
Impact of adaptive cruise control (ACC) system on fatality and injury reduction in China
Creators: name: Tan, Hong
name: Zhao, Fuquan
name: Liu, Zongwei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The road traffic safety situation around the world is not optimistic. The development of intelligent vehicles has become an ideal way to reduce road traffic crashes. The adaptive cruise control (ACC) system is an effective intelligent vehicle active safety system for avoiding certain types of collisions. This study aimed to assess the safety benefits of ACC in China, including the potential maximum impact and realistic impact. This study applies a national-level safety impact evaluation model to assess the safety benefits of ACC in China, including the potential maximum impact and realistic impact. Road traffic fatality and severe injury trends in China, proportion of different collision types in China, effectiveness of collision avoidance, and market penetration rate of ACC are considered in the potential maximum impact scenario. Furthermore, the ACC activation rate and the technology’s technical limitations, including its effectiveness in different weather, light, speed, and road conditions, are discussed in the realistic scenario. With a 100% market penetration rate, fatalities could be reduced by 5.48%, and injuries could be reduced by 4.91%. With a large increase in market penetration rate of ACC in the coming future, the reductions in fatalities and severe injuries are 324–957 and 1,035–2,737 in 2025 and 531–1,579 and 1,604–4,242 in 2030. Considering ACC’s activation rate and its 4 main limitations, the adjusted realistic result is approximately one-third of the potential maximum result. The result clearly shows that the ACC system can improve road traffic safety in China. Technical limitations have a great impact on ACC’s safety benefits. Of all of the limiting factors, the turn-on rate provides the most room for improvement, and improving the suitability of the ACC system on curved and sloped roads provides the smallest effect.
Generating rational loop groups with noncompact reality conditions
Creators: name: Goertsches, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We find generators for the full rational loop group of GL(n,C) as well as for the subgroup consisting of loops that satisfy the reality condition with respect to the noncompact real form GL(n,R). We calculate the dressing action of some of those generators on the positive loop group, and apply this to the ZS-AKNS flows and the n-dimensional system associated to GL(n,R)/O(n).
description: 15 pages. In v1 and v2 (identical by mistake) the generating theorem for loops satisfying the U(p,q)-reality condition contained a gap. v3: published version
Broadband amplitude squeezing in a periodically poled KTiOPO_4 waveguide
Creators: name: Pysher, Matthew
name: Bloomer, Russell
name: Pfister, Olivier
name: Kaleva, Christopher M.
name: Roberts, Tony D.
name: Battle, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generated -2.2 dB of broadband amplitude squeezing at 1064 nm in a periodically poled KTiOPO_4 (PPKTP) waveguide, by coupling of the fundamental and second harmonic continuous-wave fields. This is the largest amount of squeezing obtained to date in a KTP waveguide, limited by propagation losses. This result paves the way for further improvements by use of lower-loss buried ion-exchanged waveguides.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, submitted for publication
Deeply Buried Nuclei in the Infrared-Luminous Galaxies NGC 4418 and Arp 220: I. ALMA Observations at $λ= $1.4-0.4 mm and Continuum Analysis
Creators: name: Sakamoto, Kazushi
name: Gonzalez-Alfonso, Eduardo
name: Martin, Sergio
name: Wilner, David J.
name: Aalto, Susanne
name: Evans, Aaron S.
name: Harada, Nanase
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed with ALMA three deeply buried nuclei in two galaxies, NGC 4418 and Arp 220, at $\sim$0.2$''$ resolution over a total bandwidth of 67 GHz in $f_{\rm rest}$ = 215 - 697 GHz. Here we (1) introduce our program, (2) describe our data reduction method for wide-band, high-resolution imaging spectroscopy, (3) analyze in visibilities the compact nuclei with line forests, (4) develop a continuum-based estimation method of dust opacity and gas column density in heavily obscured nuclei, which uses the BGN (buried galactic nuclei) model and is sensitive to $\log(N_{\rm H_2}/{\rm cm}^{-2}) \sim $ 25 - 26 at $λ\sim 1$ mm, and (5) present the continuum data and diagnosis of our targets. The three continuum nuclei have major-axis FWHM of $\sim$0.1$''$-0.3$''$ (20-140 pc) aligned to their rotating nuclear disks of molecular gas. However, each nucleus is described better with two or three concentric components than with a single Gaussian. The innermost cores have sizes of 0.05$''$-0.10$''$ (8-40 pc), peak brightness temperatures of ~100-500 K at 350 GHz, and more fractional flux at lower frequencies. The intermediate components correspond to the nuclear disks. They have axial ratios of $\approx$0.5 and hence inclinations $\stackrel{>}{\sim} 60$ deg. The outermost elements include the bipolar outflow from Arp 220W. We estimate 1 mm dust opacity of $τ_{\rm d,1mm} \approx 2.2$, $1.2$, and $\stackrel{
description: 59 pages, 18 figures, 15 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Interplay between strong correlations and magnetic field in the symmetric periodic Anderson model
Creators: name: Parihari, Debabrata
name: Vidhyadhiraja, N. S.
name: Logan, David E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic field effects in Kondo insulators are studied theoretically, using a local moment approach to the periodic Anderson model within the framework of dynamical mean-field theory. Our main focus is on field-induced changes in single-particle dynamics and the associated hybridization gap in the density of states. Particular emphasis is given to the strongly correlated regime, where dynamics are found to exhibit universal scaling in terms of a field-dependent low energy coherence scale. Although the bare applied field is globally uniform, the effective fields experienced by the conduction electrons and the $f$-electrons differ because of correlation effects. A continuous insulator-metal transition is found to occur on increasing the applied field, closure of the hybridization gap reflecting competition between Zeeman splitting and screening of the $f$-electron local moments. For intermediate interaction strengths the hybridization gap depends non-linearly on the applied field, while in strong coupling its field dependence is found to be linear. For the classic Kondo insulator YbB$_{12}$, good agreement is found upon direct comparison of the field evolution of the experimental transport gap with the theoretical hybridization gap in the density of states.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
PoWER: a new concept for DUNE Phase 2 FD PDS
Creators: name: Steklain, A.
name: Segreto, E.
name: Machado, A.
name: Adames, M.
name: Hirsch, L.
name: Di Capua, F.
name: Canci, N.
name: Frandini, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel concept for the future modules of the DUNE Phase 2 Far Detector Photodetection System, namely the Polymer Wavelength shifter and Enhanced Reflection - PoWER. In this concept, the field cage of the LArTPC is entirely covered with polymeric wavelength shifting foils (PolyEthylene Naphthalate - PEN) to convert the liquid argon scintillation light from VUV to visible, and an Enhanced Specular Reflector (ESR) is installed on the membrane aiming to increase the number of reflections and consequently the detection probability. In addition, we use Light Detection Units (LDUs), which are a combination of standard and VUV-sensitive SiPM that can be used as an active veto for events occurring outside the field cage. We present a preliminary study using a Monte Carlo simulation, including a Light Map for photons generated inside the field cage and a demonstration of the active veto.
Cosmological Simulations of Normal-Branch Braneworld Gravity
Creators: name: Schmidt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a cosmological model based on the normal branch of DGP braneworld gravity with a smooth dark energy component on the brane. The expansion history in this model is identical to LambdaCDM, thus evading all geometric constraints on the DGP cross-over scale r_c. This model can serve as a first approximation to more general braneworld models whose cosmological solutions have not been obtained yet. We study the formation of large scale structure in this model in the linear and non-linear regime using N-body simulations for different values of r_c. The simulations use the code presented in (F.S., arXiv:0905.0858) and solve the full non-linear equation for the brane-bending mode in conjunction with the usual gravitational dynamics. The brane-bending mode is attractive rather than repulsive in the DGP normal branch, hence the sign of the modified gravity effects is reversed compared to those presented in arXiv:0905.0858. We compare the simulation results with those of ordinary LambdaCDM simulations run using the same code and initial conditions. We find that the matter power spectrum in this model shows a characteristic enhancement peaking at k ~ 0.7 h/Mpc. We also find that the abundance of massive halos is significantly enhanced. Other results presented here include the density profiles of dark matter halos, and signatures of the brane-bending mode self-interactions (Vainshtein mechanism) in the simulations. Independently of the expansion history, these results can be used to place constraints on the DGP model and future generalizations through their effects on the growth of cosmological structure.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures; v2: minor changes; v3: references added; v4: added appendix on comparison with previous results; matches published version; v5: corrected Eqs. (2.4-2.5) and Fig. 1 following Ref. [28]; all following results unchanged
Correlated continuous time random walks
Creators: name: Meerschaert, Mark M.
name: Nane, Erkan
name: Xiao, Yimin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 60J65, 60K99

description: Continuous time random walks impose a random waiting time before each particle jump. Scaling limits of heavy tailed continuous time random walks are governed by fractional evolution equations. Space-fractional derivatives describe heavy tailed jumps, and the time-fractional version codes heavy tailed waiting times. This paper develops scaling limits and governing equations in the case of correlated jumps. For long-range dependent jumps, this leads to fractional Brownian motion or linear fractional stable motion, with the time parameter replaced by an inverse stable subordinator in the case of heavy tailed waiting times. These scaling limits provide an interesting class of non-Markovian, non-Gaussian self-similar processes.
description: 13 pages
A method for atomistic spin dynamics simulations: implementation and examples
Creators: name: Skubic, B.
name: Hellsvik, J.
name: Nordström, L.
name: Eriksson, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method for performing atomistic spin dynamic simulations. A comprehensive summary of all pertinent details for performing the simulations such as equations of motions, models for including temperature, methods of extracting data and numerical schemes for performing the simulations is given. The method can be applied in a first principles mode, where all interatomic exchange is calculated self-consistently, or it can be applied with frozen parameters estimated from experiments or calculated for a fixed spin-configuration. Areas of potential applications to different magnetic questions are also discussed. The method is finally applied to one situation where the macrospin model breaks down; magnetic switching in ultra strong fields.
description: 14 pages, 19 figures
Resonant Drag Instabilities for Polydisperse Dust, I. The Acoustic Resonant Drag Instability
Creators: name: Paardekooper, Sijme-Jan
name: Aly, Hossam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust grains embedded in gas flow give rise to a class of hydrodynamic instabilities that can occur whenever there exists a relative velocity between gas and dust. These instabilities have predominantly been studied for single grain sizes, for which a strong interaction can be found between drifting dust and a travelling gas wave, leading to fast-growing perturbations (growth rates $\propto \sqrtμ$) even at small dust-to-gas ratios $μ$. They are called resonant drag instabilities. We focus on the acoustic resonant drag instability, which is potentially important in AGB star outflows, around supernova remnants and star clusters in starburst galaxies. We study the acoustic resonant drag instability, taking into account a continuous spectrum of grain sizes, to determine whether it survives in the polydisperse regime and how the resulting growth rates compare to the monodisperse case. We solve the linear equations for a polydisperse fluid for the acoustic drag instability, focusing on small dust-to-gas ratios. Size distributions of realistic width turn the fast-growing perturbations $\propto \sqrtμ$ of the monodisperse limit into slower growing perturbations $\propto μ$ due to the fact that the backreaction on the gas involves an integration over the resonance. Furthermore, the large wave numbers that grow fastest in the monodisperse regime are stabilized by a size distribution, severely limiting the growth rates in the polydisperse regime. The acoustic resonant drag instability turns from a singularly perturbed problem in $μ$ in the monodisperse limit into a regular perturbation for a sufficiently wide size distribution. It can still grow exponentially in the polydisperse regime, but at a slower pace compared to the single size case.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Determinant contributing variables to severity levels of pedestrian crossed the road crashes in three cities in Indonesia
Creators: name: Tjahjono, Tri
name: Swantika, Bhidara
name: Kusuma, Andyka
name: Purnomo, Robby
name: Tambun, Grace Helen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The study has two objectives: (1) to determine the factors on severity levels of pedestrian crossed the road crashes in three cities in Indonesia, (2) to suggest countermeasures at the most crash-prone areas in each city. Study areas are chosen based on the highest pedestrian fatality rate in Central Java Province. The determinant severity levels are based on 19 variables categorized into the pedestrian, road, environment, vehicle, and drivers’ characteristics. The crash data was collected from Indonesia Traffic Corps’ (Korlantas) database and site visits to all crash locations. The data was processed using the Ordered Probit Model (OPM) Method to find the contributing variables to determine Pedestrian Crossing Road crash severity level. The significant variables are different in each city; Tegal is Crash location (0.296) and Type of Vehicle (0.176), Salatiga are Pedestrian age (0.484) and type of vehicle (0.472), Magelang are Road hierarchy (–0.582) and Driving license ownership (–0.262). Each city has unique variables to determine the severity level. Therefore, treatments and countermeasures must be specific to each city based on study findings.
Improving reproducibility of computational analyses performed on the ELIXIR-GR cloud
Creators: name: Aikaterina  Mastoraki
name: Deligiannis, Panagiotis
name: Adamidi, Eleni
name: Vergoulis, Thanasis
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: HYPATIA (https://hypatia.athenarc.gr/) is the Cloud infrastructure that has been developed to support the computational needs of the ELIXIR-GR community. It currently hosts important ELIXIR-GR services and resources (e.g., the national COVID19 Data Portal of Greece), while it undertakes computational tasks in the context of various projects of ELIXIR-GR members. HYPATIA leverages SCHEMA (https://schema.athenarc.gr/), an open-source platform developed by members of the ELIXIR-GR community, to offer to its users a functionality to run on-demand computational analyses on the underlying, heterogeneous cluster. One key feature of SCHEMA is that it exploits containerization (e.g., Docker), experiment packaging (e.g., RO-Crates), and workflow management (e.g., CWL) technologies to facilitate reproducibility of the respective analyses. More specifically, each workflow execution in SCHEMA can be easily transformed into an RO-crate object that incorporates all the metadata that are required for it to be re-executed (i.e., the location of the container images involved, the software configuration used, the respective input and output data, etc.). In this poster, we present this functionality in detail and we elaborate on our plans to extend it in the context of TIER2 (https://tier2-project.eu/), a new Horizon Europe project for research reproducibility into which we participate.
A new model to estimate pedestrian deaths from speed-related interventions
Creators: name: Goel, Rahul
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: The S-shaped function of probability of pedestrian fatality with respect to impact speed of vehicle is well known in road safety literature. However, the implication of this evidence for changes in speed for a population of drivers has not been explored. An integrated model has been developed to estimate pedestrian fatalities resulting from changes in speed of traffic. The model uses combined relative risks of injury crash rate of drivers and probability of pedestrian fatality resulting from an injury crash. Two approaches have been used—an individual approach using probability distribution of speed, and an aggregate approach, using only mean speed. The application of the model has been demonstrated using four case studies with speed of traffic before and after an intervention. It is found that even small reductions in mean speed translate to large reductions in pedestrian fatalities. The risk contributed by speeding vehicles is highly disproportionate to their share in vehicle population. In a case study from Delhi (India), in which at-grade junction was replaced with a grade-separated junction, 74% of risk of pedestrian fatalities is contributed by less than 5% speeding vehicles (>50km/h). Changes in mean speed is a poor indicator of changes in injury risk if the standard deviation of the distribution also changes significantly. A surprising finding was that large variation in the S-shape of pedestrian fatality risk function has relatively small effects on overall results. A new model has been developed to estimate changes in pedestrian fatalities resulting from changes in traffic speed. The application of the model using four speed-related interventions emphasize that deterrence of a small proportion of drivers using speed enforcement can have large implications for pedestrian safety.
Electron emission from conduction band of diamond with negative electron affinity
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Hisato
name: Masuzawa, Tomoaki
name: Nozue, Shuho
name: Kudo, Yuki
name: Saito, Ichitaro
name: Koe, Julian
name: Kudo, Masato
name: Yamada, Takatoshi
name: Takakuwa, Yuji
name: Okano, Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental evidence explaining the extremely low-threshold electron emission from diamond reported in 1996 has been obtained for the first time. Direct observation using combined ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy/field emission spectroscopy (UPS/FES) proved that the origin of field-induced electron emission from heavily nitrogen (N)-doped chemical vapour deposited (CVD) diamond was at conduction band minimum (CBM) utilising negative electron affinity (NEA). The significance of the result is that not only does it prove the utilisation of NEA as the dominant factor for the extremely low-threshold electron emission from heavily N-doped CVD diamond, but also strongly implies that such low-threshold emission is possible from other types of diamond, and even other materials having NEA surface. The low-threshold voltage, along with the stable intensity and remarkably narrow energy width, suggests that this type of electron emission can be applied to develop a next generation vacuum nano-electronic devices with long lifetime and high energy resolution.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, Phys. Rev. B in press
A genetic algorithm for the atomistic design and global optimisation of substitutionally disordered materials
Creators: name: Mohn, Chris E.
name: Kob, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a genetic algorithm for the atomistic design and global optimisation of substitutionally disordered bulk materials and surfaces. Premature convergence which hamper conventional genetic algorithms due to problems with synchronisation is avoided using a symmetry adapted crossover. The algorithm outperforms previously reported Monte Carlo and genetic algorithm simulations for finding low energy minima of two simple alloy models without the need for any redesign.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, presented on E-MRS Fall Meeting 2007
Charged-Rotating Black Holes in Higher-dimensional (A)DS-Gravity
Creators: name: Brihaye, Y.
name: Delsate, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical evidences for the existence of rotating black hole solutions in d-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory with a cosmological constant and for $d$ odd. The metric used possesses $(d+1)/2$ Killing vectors and the solutions have $(d-1)/2$ equal angular momenta. A Schwarschild-type coordinate is used for the radial variable and both signs of the cosmological constant are emphasized. Several properties of the solutions are studied, namely their surface gravity, mass and angular momentum as functions of two parameters: the magnetic field and the angular velocity at the horizon. The influence of the electromagnetic field on the domain of existence of the black holes is studied are compared to the vacuum case where analytic solutions are available.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, results extended, references added
Unveiling and engineering of third order optical nonlinearities in NiCo$_2$O$_4$ nanoflowers
Creators: name: Sharma, Ankit
name: Khan, Pritam
name: Mandal, Dipendranath
name: Pathak, Mansi
name: Rout, C. S.
name: Adarsh, K. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we demonstrate NiCo$_2$O$_4$ (NCO) as an efficient new nonlinear optical material with straightforward potential applications in optical limiting devices. We obtain nonlinear absorption coefficient ($β$) and nonlinear refractive index ($n_2$) in parallel by performing Z-scan technique, in both open and closed aperture configurations, respectively. To understand the mechanism responsible for third order optical nonlinearity in NCO, we excited the sample with contrasting laser pulse durations, 7 ns and 120 fs, at two different off-resonant wavelengths. For ns excitation, nonlinearity is mediated by excited state absorption (ESA) and free-carrier absorption, that gives rise to large \b{eta}ESA and positive $n_2$. On the other hand, when excited with fs laser, two-photon absorption (TPA) takes place and bound carriers induce strong negative $n_2$. The values obtained for $β$ and $n_2$ in NCO are found to be higher among the family of well-known conventional transition metal oxides, therefore are promising for optics and other photonics applications.
description: 6 figures, 4 tables, 24 pages
Process and Synopsis of Collation of Topics
Creators: IEEE Smart Grid R&D Committee Members
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2018

White Paper
This white paper is the second in a series of white papers developed by the IEEE Smart Grid R&D
Committee. The intent of the series is to provide a concise view into the thought process and
the mechanism employed by the R&D committee in its independent survey of Smart Grid
emerging technologies. This white paper discusses the selection, collation and categorization of the individual topics and details of the selection process for the readers to understand how the topics are categorized into their respective domains.
The Impact of Familiarity, English Vocabulary Proficiency, English-Japanese Phonological Similarity, and Context on the Processing of Japanese Loanwords by Chinese JFL Learners
Creators: name: GengYaoyao
name: SongQichao
name: Feixiaodong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This is a supplementary material for the manuscript titled "The Impact of Familiarity, English Vocabulary Proficiency, English-Japanese Phonological Similarity, and Context on the Processing of Japanese Loanwords by Chinese JFL Learners."
High-purity solid parahydrogen
Creators: name: Bhandari, Ashok
name: Rollings, Alexandar P.
name: Ratto, Levi
name: Weinstein, Jonathan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Alkali atoms trapped in solid hydrogen matrices have demonstrated ultralong electron spin coherence times, and are promising as quantum sensors. Their spin coherence is limited by magnetic noise from naturally-occurring orthohydrogen molecules in the parahydrogen matrix. In the gas phase, the orthohydrogen component of hydrogen can be converted to parahydrogen by flowing it over a catalyst held at cryogenic temperatures, with lower temperatures giving a lower orthohydrogen fraction. In this work, we use a single cryostat to reduce the orthohydrogen fraction of hydrogen gas and grow a solid matrix from the resulting high-purity parahydrogen. We demonstrate operation of the catalyst down to a temperature of 8 K, and we spectroscopically verify that orthohydrogen impurities in the resulting solid are at a level < 1e-6. We also find that, at sufficiently low temperatures, the cryogenic catalyst provides isotopic purification, reducing the HD fraction.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Cosmic Ray bubbles from nova super remnants and their contribution to local cosmic ray spectra
Creators: name: López-Coto, Rubén
name: Green, David
name: Méndez-Gallego, Javier
name: Wilhelmi, Emma de Oña
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Several new phenomena have been surrounding the area of study of the repeating thermonuclear explosions called novae. For example, recurrent novae have been proven to be efficient cosmic ray hadronic accelerators thanks to the recent observations of RS Ophiuchi by different gamma-ray instruments. Novae have also demonstrated to have the ability to carve large cavities into the Interstellar Medium with parallelisms with the remnants of supernovae. We aim at calculating what is the effect of novae in their surrounding media and to which distances these effects dominate over the average quantities that are measured in the ISM. We calculate the filling factor of novae and their contribution to cosmic ray fluxes using cosmic ray propagation codes. To limit what is the atomic density of the Interstellar Medium (ISM) surrounding the region around RS Oph, we use Fermi-LAT observations of the region. The filling factor of novae in the Galaxy is not significant under all assumptions done in the paper. They do not dominate over the local cosmic ray fluxes, even at the lowest energies, for distances larger than a few parsec. The particle density of the ISM surrounding them is, however, very much modified, lowering it more than one order of magnitude with respect to galactic averages, confirming estimates done using other observatories. As a conclusion, even though at global galactic distances, novae do not seem to be dominating cosmic ray transport, they have the power to modify the conditions of their surrounding ISM over parsec distances.
description: Accepted by A&A
DNA synthesis on primed template by T4 polymerase with gene product 32
Creators: name: Lee, Donald Dah-Chen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A new approach in mapping restriction fragments by means of primed extension was proposed but was found to be unfeasible after studying the extent of T4 polymerase mediated DNA synthesis. The maximum length of DNA replication mediated by T4 polymerase was studied using ØX-174 DNA as template primed by a restriction fragment of the same DNA. Both nucleotide incorporation kinetics and alkaline gel electrophoresis were used to study the products of DNA synthesis. Although the incorporation kinetics suggested that the primer was extended by approximately 100 nucleotides, the electrophoretic mobilities of the products suggested much less extension. The effect of T4 gene 32 protein (unwinding protein) was also studied. This protein was purified by DNA cellulose chromatography to near homogeneity and was shown to be nuclease free. The purified protein stimulated nucleotide incorporation three-fold when added to the usual T4 polymerase reaction mixture. Contrary to the kinetic results, however, the gel mobilities of the products again showed only limited extension of the primer.