cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A new correction of stellar oscillation frequencies for near-surface effects
Creators: name: Ball, Warrick H.
name: Gizon, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Space-based observations of solar-like oscillations present an opportunity to constrain stellar models using individual mode frequencies. However, current stellar models are inaccurate near the surface, which introduces a systematic difference that must be corrected. We introduce and evaluate two parametrizations of the surface corrections based on formulae given by Gough (1990). The first we call a cubic term proportional to $ν^3/\mathcal{I}$ and the second has an additional inverse term proportional to $ν^{-1}/\mathcal{I}$, where $ν$ and $\mathcal{I}$ are the frequency and inertia of an oscillation mode. We first show that these formulae accurately correct model frequencies of two different solar models ... We then incorporate the parametrizations into a modelling pipeline that simultaneously fits the surface effects and the underlying stellar model parameters. We apply this pipeline to synthetic observations of a Sun-like stellar model, solar observations degraded to typical asteroseismic uncertainties, and observations of the well-studied CoRoT target HD52265. For comparison, we also run the pipeline with the scaled power-law correction proposed by Kjeldsen et al. (2008). The fits to synthetic and degraded solar data show that the method is unbiased and produces best-fit parameters that are consistent with the input models and known parameters of the Sun. Our results for HD52265 are consistent with previous modelling efforts and the magnitude of the surface correction is similar to that of the Sun. The fit using a scaled power-law correction is significantly worse but yields consistent parameters ... We find that the cubic term alone is suitable for asteroseismic applications and it is easy to implement in an existing pipeline. ... This parametrization is thus a useful new way to correct model frequencies so that observations of individual mode frequencies can be exploited.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 10 pages, 8 figures, 1 full page table
A cross-national comparison of income gradients in oral health quality of life in four welfare states: application of the Korpi and Palme typology
Creators: name: Sanders, A E
name: Allen, P F.
name: Lahti, S
name: Slade, G D
name: Nuttall, N M
name: Steele, J G
name: Suominen-Taipale, A L
name: John, M T
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The extent to which welfare states may influence health outcomes has not been explored. It was hypothesised that policies which target the poor are associated with greater income inequality in oral health quality of life than those that provide earnings-related benefits to all citizens.
title: Endovascular treatment of distal cerebral aneurysms using flow diverting devices - Our experience
Creators: name: Vitosevic, Filip
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Aneurysms
subject: Stents
subject: Embolisation
subject: Arterial access
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Arteries / Aorta

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Assessthe main morphological characteristics of distal cerebral aneurysms. Evaluate the safety and possible complications of using flow diverting stents in endovascular treatment of distal cerebral aneurysms. Determine the outcomes of distal...
Continuity of adolescent and early adult partner violence victimisation: association with witnessing violent crime in adolescence
Creators: name: Martin, S L
name: Halpern, C T
name: Spriggs, A L
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Although exposure to peer and family violence are documented risk factors for adolescent dating violence, less is known about the relationship between violent crime exposure and dating violence victimization.
title: Role of MR enterography in the assessment of acute and chronic stages of Crohn's disease.
Creators: name: Yasin, Rabab
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Comparative studies
subject: Small bowel
subject: Inflammation
subject: MR-Enterography

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To evaluate the role of the MR enterography in the assessment of the acute and the chronic stages of Crohn's disease and it's...
HD-TESS: An Asteroseismic Catalog of Bright Red Giants within TESS Continuous Viewing Zones
Creators: name: Hon, Marc
name: Kuszlewicz, James S.
name: Huber, Daniel
name: Stello, Dennis
name: Reyes, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present HD-TESS, a catalog of 1,709 bright ($V\sim3-10$) red giants from the Henry Draper (HD) Catalog with asteroseismic measurements based on photometry from NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Using light curves spanning at least six months across a single TESS observing cycle, we provide measurements of global asteroseismic parameters ($ν_{\mathrm{max}}$ and $Δν$) and evolutionary state for each star in the catalog. We adopt literature values of atmospheric stellar parameters to estimate the masses and radii of the giants in our catalog using asteroseismic scaling relations, and observe that HD-TESS giants on average have larger masses compared to Kepler red giants. Additionally, we present the discovery of oscillations in 99 red giants in astrometric binary systems, including those with subdwarf or white dwarf companions. Finally, we benchmark radii from asteroseismic scaling relations against those measured using long-baseline interferometry for 18 red giants and find that correction factors to the scaling relations improve the agreement between asteroseismic and interferometric radii to approximately 3%.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal. Table of asteroseismic masses and radii is available as an ancillary file
title: Diagnostic imaging of complications after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in bariatric surgery
Creators: name: Lesko, Konstantin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Hernia
subject: Fistula
subject: Dilatation
subject: Contrast agent-oral
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Abdomen
subject: Stomach (incl. Oesophagus)

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Obesity is a multifactorial disease, which gradually turning into an epidemic condition throughout the world and has become a social, psychological, and economic burden of growing proportions.The rate of obesity increases, at least 300 million...
title: Use of neonatal chest US to predict non invasive ventilation failure in the respiratory distress
Creators: name: Carbone, Mariangela
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Developmental disease
subject: Acute
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Health policy and practice
subject: Cost-effectiveness
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Paediatric
subject: Lung

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: This work on neonatal chest ultrasound has shown that the persistence of a hyperechogenic, "white lung" image correlates with severe distress in 28 infants. We investigate the persistent “white lung” ultrasound image in predicting the success or...
SNGuess: A method for the selection of young extragalactic transients
Creators: name: Miranda, N.
name: Freytag, J. C.
name: Nordin, J.
name: Biswas, R.
name: Brinnel, V.
name: Fremling, C.
name: Kowalski, M.
name: Mahabal, A.
name: Reusch, S.
name: van Santen, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With a rapidly rising number of transients detected in astronomy, classification methods based on machine learning are increasingly being employed. Their goals are typically to obtain a definitive classification of transients, and for good performance they usually require the presence of a large set of observations. However, well-designed, targeted models can reach their classification goals with fewer computing resources. This paper presents SNGuess, a model designed to find young extragalactic nearby transients with high purity. SNGuess works with a set of features that can be efficiently calculated from astronomical alert data. Some of these features are static and associated with the alert metadata, while others must be calculated from the photometric observations contained in the alert. Most of the features are simple enough to be obtained or to be calculated already at the early stages in the lifetime of a transient after its detection. We calculate these features for a set of labeled public alert data obtained over a time span of 15 months from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). The core model of SNGuess consists of an ensemble of decision trees, which are trained via gradient boosting. Approximately 88% of the candidates suggested by SNGuess from a set of alerts from ZTF spanning from April 2020 to August 2021 were found to be true relevant supernovae (SNe). For alerts with bright detections, this number ranges between 92% and 98%. Since April 2020, transients identified by SNGuess as potential young SNe in the ZTF alert stream are being published to the Transient Name Server (TNS) under the AMPEL_ZTF_NEW group identifier. SNGuess scores for any transient observed by ZTF can be accessed via a web service. The source code of SNGuess is publicly available.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A), Forthcoming article, source code https://github.com/nmiranda/SNGuess
Voting Behavior, Coalitions and Government Strength through a Complex Network Analysis
Creators: name: Maso, Carlo Dal
name: Pompa, Gabriele
name: Puliga, Michelangelo
name: Riotta, Gianni
name: Chessa, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We analyze the network of relations between parliament members according to their voting behavior. In particular, we examine the emergent community structure with respect to political coalitions and government alliances. We rely on tools developed in the Complex Network literature to explore the core of these communities and use their topological features to develop new metrics for party polarization, internal coalition cohesiveness and government strength. As a case study, we focus on the Chamber of Deputies of the Italian Parliament, for which we are able to characterize the heterogeneity of the ruling coalition as well as parties specific contributions to the stability of the government over time. We find sharp contrast in the political debate which surprisingly does not imply a relevant structure based on establised parties. We take a closer look to changes in the community structure after parties split up and their effect on the position of single deputies within communities. Finally, we introduce a way to track the stability of the government coalition over time that is able to discern the contribution of each member along with the impact of its possible defection. While our case study relies on the Italian parliament, whose relevance has come into the international spotlight in the present economic downturn, the methods developed here are entirely general and can therefore be applied to a multitude of other scenarios.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Generalization of polarized spin excitations for asymmetric dimeric systems
Creators: name: Houchins, G.
name: Haraldsen, J. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through the use of Heisenberg spin-spin interactions, we provide analytical representations for inelastic neutron scattering eigenstates and excitation cross-sections of the general $S_1$-$S_2$ spin dimeric systems. Using an exact diagonalization approach to the spin Hamiltonian, we analyze various spin coefficients to provide general representations for the neutron scattering cross-sections of two interacting spins. We also detail a generalized method for the determination of $S_z$ polarized excitations, which provide an approximation for the excitations within an applied $z$-axis magnetic field. These calculations provide a general understanding of the interactions between two individual or compound spin systems, which can help provide insight into condensed matter systems like molecular magnets, quantum dots, and spintronic systems, as well as particle physics investigations into quark matter and meson interactions.
description: 9 pages (including Supplemental Material), 3 figures, Submitted for Publication)
Environmental hazards and stress: evidence from the Texas City Stress and Health Study
Creators: name: Goodwin, J S
name: Stowe, R P
name: Cutchin, M P
name: Peek, M K
name: Freeman, D
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Substantial research has suggested that exposure to environmental health hazards, such as polluting industrial activity, has deleterious effects on psychological and physiological well-being. However, one gap in the existing literature is comparative analysis of objective and subjective exposure's relative association with various measurable outcomes of exposure.
Herpesvirus reactivation and socioeconomic position: a community-based study
Creators: name: Perez, N. A.
name: Stowe, R. P.
name: Cutchin, M. P.
name: Goodwin, J. S.
name: Peek, M. K.
name: Yetman, D. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Elevated antibodies to latent herpesviruses have been demonstrated to be a reliable marker of diminished cellular immunity and recently have been associated with low socioeconomic position (SEP) in older adults. Extending these observations in a community-based study over a wide age range would provide an important new direction for investigating mechanisms underlying poor health outcomes in individuals with low SEP.
title: European Guidelines compliant, AEC compatible, retrofit mammo detector
Creators: name: Wanninger, Friedrich
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Mammography
subject: Screening
subject: Diagnostic procedure

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The retrofit mammo DR detectors, DR 24M & DR 18M, can support a fluent upgrade of a mammography room from screen-film or CR to DR. They have AED functionality (auto-exposure detection), and therefore there is no need for connection to the...
D1.9 Communication and Dissemination Strategy
Creators: name: García Cid, Marta Irene
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: dissemination
performance indicators
communication
audience
templates
social media
press releases

description: This deliverable analyses the role of communication and dissemination activities as project-wide coordinated endeavours committed to maximize the impact of VALKYRIES, which lead to draw a baseline of performance indicators and different strategies to engage key stakeholders in the dissemination and communication initiatives undertaken from the consortium. All these to come up with tailored plans to reach wider targeted audiences via suitable communication channels, fostering also the interaction with relevant parties of the first responders' sector, as broadly documented in the forthcoming sections of this document.
title: Follow-up examinations after primary treatment for women with breast cancer
Creators: name: Drago, Angelica
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Management
subject: Oncology
subject: Mammography
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Cost-effectiveness
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Cancer
subject: Developmental disease
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: As the number of breast cancer survivors increases, patient management and surveillance after primary treatment has come under the spotlight. Evidence-based post-treatment surveillance protocol is needed to manage patients with breast cancer after...
Atmospheric Thermal Emission Effect on Chandrasekhar's Finite Atmosphere Problem
Creators: name: Sengupta, Soumya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solutions of the \textit{diffuse reflection finite atmosphere problem} are very useful in the astrophysical context. Chandrasekhar was the first to solve this problem analytically, by considering atmospheric scattering. These results have wide applications in the modeling of planetary atmospheres. However, they cannot be used to model an atmosphere with emission. We solved this problem by including \textit{thermal emission effect} along with scattering.Here, our aim is to provide a complete picture of generalized finite atmosphere problem in presence of scattering and thermal emission, and to give a physical account of the same. For that, we take an analytical approach using the invariance principle method to solve the diffuse reflection finite atmosphere problem in the presence of atmospheric thermal emission. We established the general integral equations of modified scattering function $S(τ; μ, ϕ; μ_0, ϕ_0)$, transmission function $T(τ; μ, ϕ; μ_0, ϕ_0)$ and their derivatives with respect to $τ$ for a thermally emitting atmosphere. We customize these equations for the case of isotropic scattering and introduce two new functions $V(μ)$ and $W(μ)$, analogous to Chandrasekhar $X(μ)$, and $Y(μ)$ functions respectively. We also derive a transformation relation between the modified S-T functions and give a physical account of $V(μ)$ and $W(μ)$ functions. Our final results are consistent with those of Chandrasekhar at low emission limit (i.e. only scattering). From the consistency of our results, we conclude that the consideration of thermal emission effect in diffuse reflection finite atmosphere problem gives more general and accurate results than considering only scattering.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
New biocojugates for targeted anticancer therapy
Creators: name: Migliorini, Francesca
Publisher: name: Università di Siena
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: CHIM/06 CHIMICA ORGANICA

description: The Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) is one of the novel therapeutic strategies with a great potential in many medicinal treatments. ADCs are composed of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) connected to a drug (payload) through a properly designed linker. The mAb is responsible for the selective transport of the drug into target cells expressing the specific antigen; in this way, the off-target toxicity of the drug can be avoided. The linker plays an important role due to its dual features: stability in blood and ability to release the payload into the target cells thanks to its degradation. In this thesis, several different aspects of the ADC development are explored. Different ADCs charged with SMO inhibitors as payload are investigated for the treatment of melanoma, and novel multifunctional linkers with trigger groups are designed for the drug release in different environments in a very elegant and controlled way. Besides the work on bioconjugates aforementioned, micellar catalysis is also investigated to perform catalytic transformations in water media avoiding the use of organic solvents. Micellar catalysis is applied in the presence of a proper rhodium salt to develop a suitable hydroformylation process with very good results.
Heavy drinking in early adulthood and outcomes at mid life
Creators: name: Malone, P. S.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Holmberg, E.
name: Costanzo, P. R.
name: Kertesz, S.
name: Belsky, D.
name: Sloan, F. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Heavy drinking in early adulthood among Blacks, but not Whites, has been found to be associated with more deleterious health outcomes, lower labor market success and lower educational attainment at mid-life. This study analysed psychosocial pathways underlying racial differences in the impact of early heavy alcohol use on occupational and educational attainment at mid-life.
title: Sacrococcygeal teratoma: A new grading system
Creators: name: Mohammad, Shaimaa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Paediatric
subject: Oncology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: MRI is a superior modality for the preoperative assessment of sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) by delineating the size, extension, and consistency of the mass. Our proposed grading system includes the following criteria: tumor size (T1, T2, T3); level...
title: Lipid-poor adrenal lesion: Differentiation of benign from malignant disease by using imaging features on routine contrast-enhanced CT
Creators: name: Thiravit, Phakphoom
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Perception image
subject: CT
subject: Abdomen
subject: Retroperitoneum

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The most common incidental adrenal masses discovered on CT images are benign adenomas. [1] Diagnosis of adrenal adenoma can be done with specificity of 98% by measuring internal attenuation ≤ 10 Hounsfield Unit (HU) on unenhanced CT images. [2,3]...
Life stage and sex specificity in relationships between the built and socioeconomic environments and physical activity
Creators: name: Gordon-Larsen, P.
name: Boone-Heinonen, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: In the largely cross-sectional literature, built environment characteristics such as walkability and recreation centers are variably related to physical activity. Subgroup-specific effects could help explain inconsistent findings, yet few studies have compared built environment associations by key characteristics such as sex or life stage.
Supporting evidence for species attribution from Mid-frequency song and low-frequency calls of sei whales in the Falkland Islands
Creators: name: Cerchio, Salvatore
name: Weir, Caroline R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: One table and two figures, illustrating the positive relationship between the number of sei whales sighted during visual surveys concurrent with recording and the detection of calls and song, while no other baleen whale species were sighted.
Turán type inequalities for confluent hypergeometric functions of the second kind
Creators: name: Baricz, Árpád
name: Ponnusamy, Saminathan
name: Singh, Sanjeev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 39B62, 33C10, 42A05

description: In this paper we deduce some tight Turán type inequalities for Tricomi confluent hypergeometric functions of the second kind, which in some cases improve the existing results in the literature. We also give alternative proofs for some already established Turán type inequalities. Moreover, by using these Turán type inequalities, we deduce some new inequalities for Tricomi confluent hypergeometric functions of the second kind. The key tool in the proof of the Turán type inequalities is an integral representation for a quotient of Tricomi confluent hypergeometric functions, which arises in the study of the infinite divisibility of the Fisher-Snedecor $F$ distribution.
description: 9 pages
Josephson junction microwave amplifier in self-organized noise compression mode
Creators: name: Lähteenmäki, Pasi
name: Vesterinen, Visa
name: Hassel, Juha
name: Seppä, Heikki
name: Hakonen, Pertti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fundamental noise limit of a phase-preserving amplifier at frequency $ω/2π$ is the standard quantum limit $T_{q}=\hbar ω/2k_{B}$. In the microwave range, the best candidates have been amplifiers based on superconducting quantum interference devices (reaching the noise temperature $T_{n} \sim 1.8 T_{q}$ at 700 MHz), and non-degenerate parametric amplifiers (reaching noise levels close to the quantum limit $T_{n}\approx T_{q}$ at 8 GHz). We introduce a new type of an amplifier based on the negative resistance of a selectively damped Josephson junction. Noise performance of our amplifier is limited by mixing of quantum noise from Josephson oscillation regime down to the signal frequency. Measurements yield nearly quantum-limited operation, $T_{n}=(3.2\pm 1.0) T_{q}$ at 2.8 GHz, owing to self-organization of the working point. Simulations describe the characteristics of our device well and indicate potential for wide bandwidth operation.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, supplementary information found in the published version
Coherent terahertz radiation with 2.8-octave tunability through chip-scale photomixed microresonator optical parametric oscillation
Creators: name: Wang, Wenting
name: Lu, Ping-Keng
name: Vinod, Abhinav Kumar
name: Turan, Deniz
name: McMillan, James
name: Liu, Hao
name: Yu, Mingbin
name: Kwong, Dim-Lee
name: Jarrahi, Mona
name: Wong, Chee Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High spectral purity frequency agile room temperature sources in the terahertz spectrum are foundational elements for imaging, sensing, metrology, and communications. Here we present a chip scale optical parametric oscillator based on an integrated nonlinear microresonator that provides broadly tunable single frequency and multi frequency oscillators in the terahertz regime. Through optical to terahertz down conversion using a plasmonic nanoantenna array, coherent terahertz radiation spanning 2.8 octaves is achieved from 330 GHz to 2.3 THz, with 20 GHz cavity mode limited frequency tuning step and 10 MHz intracavity mode continuous frequency tuning range at each step. By controlling the microresonator intracavity power and pump resonance detuning, tunable multi frequency terahertz oscillators are also realized. Furthermore, by stabilizing the microresonator pump power and wavelength, sub 100 Hz linewidth of the terahertz radiation with 10-15 residual frequency instability is demonstrated. The room temperature generation of both single frequency, frequency agile terahertz radiation and multi frequency terahertz oscillators in the chip scale platform offers unique capabilities in metrology, sensing, imaging and communications.
Tribological characterization and in-silico wear assessment of lower limb joint prosthesis
Creators: name: Merola, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: ING-IND/13 MECCANICA APPLICATA ALLE MACCHINE
subject: Implant
subject: Biomechanics
subject: Tribology

description: 2016 - 2017
description: Hip and knee articulations are the main joints in human body and they have the duty of sustaining heavy loads. This task is normally well performed by a healthy joint but, in some cases, the occurrence of diseases can affect the functionality of the joint: when ambulation is limited, surgery is required. Even if the orthoprosthesis is one of the most effective and successful surgical procedure in the modern medicine, around the 10% of the implanted devices will fail and so require a second surgery. The revision operation is a difficult procedure which needs a long scheduling prior to surgery. Currently, hip and knee joint prostheses are analysed and subjected to simulation tests before receiving the required approval for clinical use. These tests are performed with the aim of establish the behaviour of the prosthesis, assess the wear rate of the components and the surface finishing. However, wear tests on a simulator are long and expensive due to the large number of cycles at low frequency that must be executed. The idea was to move toward an in-silico wear assessment. In order to define which are the most influencing parameters on the tribology of the implants it was investigated the Metal Transfer. It is a migration phenomenon of metal particles found on femoral heads and on acetabular cups of retrieved ceramic hip prostheses, which implies an important alteration of the bearing surface. The presence of transferred metal on ceramic heads changes the surface properties and thus affects lubrication, friction and wear. They were studied 35 ceramics femoral heads of different materials, including zirconia, Biolox® Delta, Biolox® and Biolox® Forte. Differences in surface characteristic appear, as an evidence of the phenomenon, between the affected and unaffected areas... [edited by Author]
Design and Analysis of Wireless Communication Systems Using Diffusion-Based Molecular Communication Among Bacteria
Creators: name: Einolghozati, Arash
name: Sardari, Mohsen
name: Fekri, Faramarz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The design of biologically-inspired wireless communication systems using bacteria as the basic element of the system is initially motivated by a phenomenon called \emph{Quorum Sensing}. Due to high randomness in the individual behavior of a bacterium, reliable communication between two bacteria is almost impossible. Therefore, we have recently proposed that a population of bacteria in a cluster is considered as a bio node in the network capable of molecular transmission and reception. This proposition enables us to form a reliable bio node out of many unreliable bacteria. In this paper, we study the communication between two nodes in such a network where information is encoded in the concentration of molecules by the transmitter. The molecules produced by the bacteria in the transmitter node propagate through the diffusion channel. Then, the concentration of molecules is sensed by the bacteria population in the receiver node which would decode the information and output light or fluorescent as a result. The uncertainty in the communication is caused by all three components of communication, i.e., transmission, propagation and reception. We study the theoretical limits of the information transfer rate in the presence of such uncertainties. Finally, we consider M-ary signaling schemes and study their achievable rates and corresponding error probabilities.
description: IEEE Transactions on Wireless communication Vol. 12, 2013. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1209.2688
Revising Properties of Planet-host Binary Systems II: Apparent Near-Earth Analog Planets in Binaries Are Often Sub-Neptunes
Creators: name: Sullivan, Kendall
name: Kraus, Adam L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Identifying rocky planets in or near the habitable zones of their stars (near-Earth analogs) is one of the key motivations of many past and present planet-search missions. The census of near-Earth analogs is important because it informs calculations of the occurrence rate of Earth-like planets, which in turn feed into calculations of the yield of future missions to directly image other Earths. Only a small number of potential near-Earth analogs have been identified, meaning that each planet should be vetted carefully and then incorporated into the occurrence rate calculation. A number of putative near-Earth analogs have been identified within binary star systems. However, stellar multiplicity can bias measured planetary properties, meaning that apparent near-Earth analogs in close binaries may have different radii or instellations than initially measured. We simultaneously fit unresolved optical spectroscopy, optical speckle and near-infrared AO contrasts, and unresolved photometry, and retrieved revised stellar temperatures and radii for a sample of 11 binary Kepler targets that host at least one near-Earth analog planet, for a total of 17 planet candidates. We found that 10 of the 17 planets in our sample had radii that fell in or above the radius gap, suggesting that they are not rocky planets. Only 2 planets retained super-Earth radii and stayed in the habitable zone, making them good candidates for inclusion in rocky planet occurrence rate calculations.
description: Accepted to AJ. 11 pages + 1 appendix. The most up-to-date version of the analysis code is available at https://github.com/kendallsullivan/mcmc_spec
Passive Lossless Huygens Metasurfaces for Conversion of Arbitrary Source Field to Directive Radiation
Creators: name: Epstein, Ariel
name: Eleftheriades, George V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a semi-analytical formulation of the interaction between a given source field and a scalar Huygens metasurface (HMS), a recently introduced promising concept for wavefront manipulation based on a sheet of orthogonal electric and magnetic dipoles. Utilizing the equivalent surface impedance representation of these metasurfaces, we establish that an arbitrary source field can be converted into directive radiation via a passive lossless HMS if two physical conditions are met: local power conservation and local impedance equalization. Expressing the fields via their plane-wave spectrum and harnessing the slowly-varying envelope approximation we obtain semi-analytical formulae for the scattered fields, and prescribe the surface reactance required for the metasurface implementation. The resultant design procedure indicates that the local impedance equalization induces a Fresnel-like reflection, while local power conservation forms a radiating virtual aperture which follows the total excitation field magnitude. The semi-analytical predictions are verified by finite-element simulations of HMSs designed for different source configurations. Besides serving as a flexible design procedure for HMS radiators, the proposed formulation also provides a robust mechanism to incorporate a variety of source configurations into general HMS models, as well as physical insight on the conditions enabling purely reactive implementation of this novel type of metasurfaces.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
title: MDCT in evaluation of treatment criterion of pulmonary mucormycosis in immunocompromised patients with reversed halo sign.
Creators: name: Petrenko, Dmytro
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Infection
subject: Pathology

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) is a life-threatening and uncommon opportunistic fungal infection, which is caused by fungi of the order Mucorales [1,2]. PM mostly occurs in immunocompromised patients, such as patients after organ or hematopoietic stem...
Home and work neighbourhood environments in relation to body mass index: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Creators: name: Mujahid, Mahasin
name: Diez Roux, Ana V
name: Moore, Kari
name: Kaufman, Joel
name: Auchincloss, Amy
name: Evenson, Kelly R
name: Williams, Kayleen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Little is known about neighborhood characteristics of workplaces, the extent to which they are independently and synergistically correlated with residential environments, and their impact on health.
Dietary pattern trajectories during 15 years of follow-up and HbA1c, insulin resistance and diabetes prevalence among Chinese adults
Creators: name: Mendez, Michelle A
name: Batis, Carolina
name: Sotres-Alvarez, Daniela
name: Gordon-Larsen, Penny
name: Popkin, Barry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Most research on dietary patterns and health outcomes does not include longitudinal exposure data. We used an innovative technique to capture dietary pattern trajectories and their association with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and prevalence of newly diagnosed diabetes.
title: Radial Reformation of 3D Fat-suppressed Multi-echo Gradient-recalled-echo Images in the Evaluation of Acetabular Labral Injuries and Femoroacetabular Impingement
Creators: name: Tanitame, Keizo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Trauma
subject: Athletic injuries

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The evaluation of acetabular labral injuries and femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is difficult using standard 2D MRI sequences. Although radial 2D MRI is useful for evaluating acetabular labral injury [1], slice acquisition is limited within...
Socioeconomic gradients in body mass index (BMI) in US immigrants during the transition to adulthood: examining the roles of parental education and intergenerational educational mobility
Creators: name: Albrecht, Sandra S
name: Gordon-Larsen, Penny
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Despite comparatively lower socioeconomic status (SES), immigrants tend to have lower body weight and weaker SES gradients relative to U.S.-born individuals. Yet, it is unknown how changes in SES over the life-course relate to body weight in immigrants versus US-born individuals.
Scaling asymptotics of heat kernels of line bundles
Creators: name: Ma, Xiaonan
name: Marinescu, George
name: Zelditch, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a general Hermitian holomorphic line bundle $L$ on a compact complex manifold $M$ and let ${\Box}^q_p$ be the Kodaira Laplacian on $(0,q)$ forms with values in $L^p$. The main result is a complete asymptotic expansion for the semi-classically scaled heat kernel $\exp(-u{\Box}^q_p/p)(x,x)$ along the diagonal. It is a generalization of the Bergman/Szegö kernel asymptotics in the case of a positive line bundle, but no positivity is assumed. We give two proofs, one based on the Hadamard parametrix for the heat kernel on a principal bundle and the second based on the analytic localization of the Dirac-Dolbeault operator.
description: Dedicated to D.H. Phong on his 60th birthday. To appear in the Contemp. Math. volume in honor of Phong (Paul Feehand, ed.)
Probing New Physics with $B^0_s\to μ^+μ^-$: Status and Perspectives
Creators: name: Fleischer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rare decay $B^0_s \to μ^+μ^-$ plays a key role for the testing of the Standard Model. It is pointed out that the sizable decay width difference $ΔΓ_s$ of the $B_s$-meson system affects this channel in a subtle way. As a consequence, its calculated Standard Model branching ratio has to be upscaled by about 10%. Moreover, the sizable $ΔΓ_s$ makes a new observable through the effective $B^0_s\to μ^+μ^-$ lifetime accessible, which probes New Physics in a way complementary to the branching ratio and adds an exciting new topic to the agenda for the high-luminosity upgrade of the LHC. Further probes of New Physics are offered by a CP-violating rate asymmetry. Correlations between these observables and the $B^0_s \to μ^+μ^-$ branching ratio are illustrated for specific models of New Physics.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, invited talk at the International Conference on Flavor Physics and Mass Generation, Singapore, 10-14 February 2014, to appear in the Proceedings
title: Emergency ultrasound assessment of acute scrotal pain, a pictorial and pathological review.
Creators: name: Brassil, Michael
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Emergency

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: In this educational exhibit we aim to discuss the role of ultrasound assessment of the acute scrotum in the paediatric and adult population using image examples.Recognition of specific sonographic features of both common and uncommon pathologies...
title: Diagenetic evolution and implications for the reservoir properties of selected shallow marine and aeolian sandstones.
Creators: name: Robert. Cooper, Mark
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: Three sandstones of varying complexity have been examined with the aim of quantifying the effects of compaction and quartz cementation upon their diagenetic evolution. Emphasis has been placed on the scales of heterogeneity, determination of the physical controls on cement distribution, porosity and permeability. The shallow marine, Fontainebleau Sandstone provides a relatively simple system in which to examine progressive porosity and permeability reduction as a result of compaction and quartz cementation. Cement was precipitated as lenses in response to ground water outflow during the recent morphological development of the Paris Basin. Conventional modal and textural analyses using transmitted light proved difficult, because grain/overgrowth boundaries are poorly defined. However, combined SEM BSE CL and image analysis enabled accurate quantification of detrital and authigenic quartz, minus-cement porosity and intergranular porosity. Analyses indicate an extremely mature sand in terms of both mineralogy (100% quartz) and texture (Fine Upper, Well Sorted). Minus-cement porosity values are high (-33%bv) indicating that cementation occurred at a shallow depth. The degree of silicification is the dominant variable control on permeability. Helium porosity and liquid permeability measurements are in the range of 8.6% and 114mO to 26% and 60, the data agree with predicted values. The distribution of quartz cement, in relation to the Eden Valley Basin structure and stratigraphy, for the Penrith Sandstone has been examined via literature review, fieldwork and aerial photographs. Quartz cement is found dominantly north of Cliburn and towards the top of the formation; the base of the formation lacks quartz cement and has undergone greater pressure solution. Models for convective fluid flow are proposed to account for the distribution of cement observed. The Bowscar dune study examines how quartz cement influences dune-scale diagenetic evolution within a transverse aeolian dune. The Locharbriggs dune is used to compare porosity and permeability characteristics. SystematiC sampling of cores cut parallel to lamination and collected horizontally and vertically over the preserved dunes ensured adequate and unbiased sampling. Modal and textural analysis of the Bowscar dune indicate that dune-scale controls on quartz cement distribution include effects of primary depOSitional fabric, detrital mineralogy and compaction. Porosity and permeability measured from the cores give a three-dimensional (3-~) analysis and demonstrates lateral and vertical variations associated with the distribution of lamination types within the dunes. At the lamina scale, 3-D geometrical quantification of detrital framework, quartz cement, minus-cement and intergranular porosity networks has been achieved using preciSion serial grinding/polishing, coupled with SEM BSE CL imaging and 3-~ reconstruction techniques.
Feasible quantum engineering of quantum multiphoton superpositions
Creators: name: Stobińska, Magdalena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine an experimental setup implementing a family of quantum non-Gaussian filters. The filters can be applied to an arbitrary two-mode input state. We assume realistic photodetection in the filtering process and explore two different models of inefficient detection: a beam splitter of a small reflectivity located in front of a perfect detector and a Weierstrass transform applied to the unperturbed measurement outcomes. We explicitly give an operator which describes the coherent action of the filters in the realistic experimental conditions. The filtered states may find applications in quantum metrology, quantum communication and other quantum tasks.
description: 24 pages, 13 figures, Special Issue on Macroscopic Quantumness, Opt. Commun. (2014)