cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Essays on Social Media-Based Customer Service
Creators: name: Al Balawi, Ramah
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Providing good customer service that maintains customer relationships has always been a valuable and important aspect of a firm’s marketing strategy. Through effective implementations of customer complaint management strategies that address customers’ requests and complaints, firms can enhance brand image, maintain customer satisfaction, and, ultimately, increase a firm’s economic performance. With the advances in mobile technologies and the internet, social media platforms, such as Twitter and Facebook, emerged as new channels for customer service and relationship marketing offering a transparent and convenient method for customers to engage and interact with firms, as well as view firm responses to customers’ complaints. This public and open communication brings both opportunities and challenges for firms delivering customer service on social media. Therefore, one of the biggest challenges for firms is to identify opportunities while avoiding risks. In this dissertation, I examine how events or changes that are external to firms could influence their social media-based customer service efforts. Exogenous or external shocks can have a profound effect on how firms manage customer complaints and requests on social media. Building on the literature on organizational responses to service requests and customers’ evaluations of perceived justice, I empirically investigate the impact of a brand crisis on social media customer relationship management (social CRM) efforts by examining how a brand crisis affects three dimensions of social CRM efforts: informativeness, timeliness, and attentiveness. I then extend this study to further examine how the changes in the social CRM efforts mediate the negative impact of the brand crisis on customer satisfaction. Furthermore, and building on psychology-based linguistic theories, I examine the effect of the unexpected change to Twitter’s post character limit, a platform design feature, on social media-based customer service. Extending post character limits may instigate changes to the linguistic styles of firm responses on social media platforms to influence consumers’ perceptions. In addition, I examine the effectiveness of the linguistic style changes on customer satisfaction. This research contributes to our understanding of the unique nature of social media platforms and the dynamics of customer service delivered on these platforms. The results provide useful insights for practitioners and social media managers.
Rural Interfaces - A Learning Agenda
Creators: name: Potters, Jorieke
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: SHERPA Multi-Actor Platforms (MAPs) are the main fora for co-learning and co- creation of knowledge with actors at European and regional levels. During the first phase of the project, 20 MAPs were established or consolidated, a SHERPA process and MAP cycle was developed and tested. This short document is based on Deliverable 6.2 on Findings of Monitoring and Evaluation of MAPs looking at the functioning and the results of the SHERPA MAPs during Phase 1 of implementation between M3 (December 2019) and M22 (July 2021).
Involvement of the Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortex in Drug Context-induced Reinstatement of Cocaine-seeking Behavior in Rats
Creators: name: Ramirez, Donna R.
name: Fuchs, Rita A.
name: Xie, Xiaohu
name: Lasseter, Heather C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) damage produces impaired decision-making, impulsivity, and perseveration and potentially contributes to compulsive drug seeking in cocaine users. To further explore this phenomenon, we assessed the role of the lateral OFC (lOFC) in drug context-induced cocaine-seeking behavior in the reinstatement model of drug relapse. Rats were trained to lever press for intravenous cocaine infusions in a distinct environmental context (cocaine-paired context) followed by extinction training in a different context (extinction-paired context). Reinstatement of cocaine seeking (non-reinforced lever presses) was assessed in the cocaine context in the absence of response-contingent stimuli. In experiment 1, we evaluated whether acute inhibition of lOFC output alters context-induced cocaine-seeking behavior by infusing the GABAB+A agonists, baclofen+muscimol, or vehicle into the lOFC immediately before exposure to the cocaine-paired context. In experiments 2–3, we assessed how prolonged loss of lOFC output affects drug context-induced cocaine seeking by administering bilateral NMDA or sham lesions of the lOFC either before or after self-administration and extinction training. Remarkably, OFC functional inactivation attenuated, post-training lesions failed to alter, and pre-training lesions potentiated drug context-induced cocaine seeking without altering responding in the extinction context. These results suggest that neural activity in the lOFC promotes context-induced cocaine-seeking behavior. However, prolonged loss of lOFC output enhances the motivational salience of cocaine-paired contextual stimuli likely by eliciting compensatory neuroadaptations, with the effects of post-training lOFC lesions reflecting an intermediate state of compensatory neuroplasticity. Overall, these findings support the idea that OFC dysfunction may promote cue reactivity and enhance relapse propensity in cocaine users.
Percepção dos docentes e investigadores da Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, em relação ao auto arquivo de publicações científicas e académicas no RIUEM
Creators: name: Mussá, Irzelinda
name: Maússe, Alda Rafael
name: Manhiça, Alda Cossa
name: Marrengula, Maria Abigail
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão Pecha Kucha IV da 13ª Conferência Lusófona de Ciência Aberta, formato híbrido, de 10 a 12 de outubro de 2022.
Quantum superposition of causal structures as a universal resource for local implementation of nonlocal quantum operations
Creators: name: Ghosal, Pratik
name: Ghosal, Arkaprabha
name: Das, Debarshi
name: Maity, Ananda G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatial separation restricts the set of locally implementable quantum operations on distributed multipartite quantum systems. We propose that indefinite causal structure arising due to quantum superposition of different space-time geometries can be used as an independent universal resource for local implementation of any quantum operation on spatially distributed quantum systems. Consequently, all such quantum tasks that are not accomplishable by local operations and classical communication (LOCC) only also become locally accomplishable. We show that exploiting indefinite causal structure as the sole resource, it is possible to perfectly teleport the state of one agent's subsystem to the other distant laboratory in such a way that the agent at the distant laboratory can have access to the whole initially shared state in his or her laboratory and can perform any global quantum operation on the joint state locally. We further find that, after the teleportation process, the resource -- indefinite causal structure of the space-time does not get consumed. Hence, after implementing the desired quantum operation the state of the first agent's subsystem can be teleported back to its previous laboratory using the same resource. We show that this two-way teleportation is not always necessary for locally executing all nonlocal quantum tasks that are not realisable by LOCC only. Without invoking any kind of teleportation, we present a protocol for perfect local discrimination of the set of four Bell states that exploits indefinite causal structure as the sole resource. As immediate upshots, we present some more examples of such nonlocal tasks as local discrimination of the set of states exhibiting ``quantum nonlocality without entanglement" and activation of bound entangled states that are also achievable by our proposed protocol incorporating indefinite causal structure as a resource.
description: Revised to closely match the published version, Added: discussions, diagram, and references
Reconstruction Algorithm for a Novel Cherenkov Scintillation Detector
Creators: name: Luo, Wentai
name: Liu, Qian
name: Zheng, Yangheng
name: Wang, Zhe
name: Chen, Shaomin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For future MeV-scale neutrino experiments, a Cherenkov scintillation detector, CSD, is of particular interest for its capability to reconstruct both energy and direction for charged particles. A type of new target material, slow liquid scintillator, SlowLS, which can be used to separate Cherenkov and scintillation lights, is one of the options for the neutrino detectors. A multi-hundred ton spherical CSD is simulated using a Geant4-based Monte Carlo software, which handles the detailed the micro processes of MeV particles and optical photons and the functions for photomultiplier, PMT, and readout electronics. Twelve SlowLS samples are simulated and studied to cover a wide range of scintillation light yields and scintillation emission time constants. Based on the detailed knowledge of the signal processes, simplified functions are constructed to predict the charge and time signals on the PMTs to fulfill an efficient reconstruction for the energy, direction, and position of charged particles. The performance of the SlowLS reconstruction, including the resulting energy, angular, and position resolution, and particle identification capability, is presented for these samples. The dependence of the performance on the scintillation light yield and emission time constants is understood. This study will be a guideline for future MeV-scale neutrino CSD design and SlowLS development for the interested physics goals.
Linear line spectropolarimetry of Herbig Ae/Be stars
Creators: name: Vink, Jorick S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accretion is the prime mode of star formation, but the exact mode has not yet been identified in the Herbig Ae/Be mass range. We provide evidence that the the maximum variation in mass-accretion rate is reached on a rotational timescale, which suggests that rotational modulation is the key to understanding mass accretion. We show how spectropolarimetry is uniquely capable of resolving the innermost (within 0.1 AU) regions between the star and the disk, allowing us to map the 3D geometry of the accreting gas, and test theories of angular momentum evolution. We present Monte Carlo line-emission simulations showing how one would observe changes in the polarisation properties on rotational timescales, as accretion columns come and go into our line of sight.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures, ESO Herbig Ae/Be star conference
Neural encoding of cocaine-seeking behavior is coincident with phasic dopamine release in the accumbens core and shell
Creators: name: Stuber, Garret D.
name: Cheer, Joseph F.
name: Carelli, Regina M.
name: Cleaveland, Nathan A.
name: Mark Wightman, R.
name: Owesson-White, Catarina A.
name: Ariansen, Jennifer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Mesolimbic dopamine neurons projecting from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) are part of a complex circuit mediating cocaine-directed behaviors. However, the precise role of rapid (subsecond) dopamine release within the primary sub-regions of the NAc, the core and shell, and its relationship to NAc cell firing during this behavior remain unknown. Here, using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) we report rapid dopamine signaling in both the core and shell, however, significant differences were observed in the timing of dopamine release events within seconds of the cocaine reinforced response during self-administration sessions. Importantly, simultaneous voltammetric and electrophysiological recordings from the same electrode reveal that, at certain sites within both sub-regions, neurons exhibiting patterned activation were observed at locations where rapid dopamine release was present; the greater the strength of the neural signal the larger the dopamine release event. In addition, it was at those locations that electrically-evoked stimulated release was greatest. No changes in dopamine were observed where nonphasic neurons were recorded. Thus, although differences are evident in dopamine release dynamics relative to cocaine-reinforced responding within the core and shell, dopamine release is heterogeneous within each structure and varies as a function of precise neuronal targets during cocaine-seeking behavior.
Advances in Methods of Synthesis and Spatial Characterization for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Creators: name: Allen, Eva M
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Lithium-ion batteries currently have the highest power and energy densities compared to other battery chemistries, making them the choice solution for renewable energy storage and electric vehicles. Unfortunately, cathode materials available for commercial batteries still suffer from capacity fade caused by mechanisms of irreversible degradation. The electrode-electrolyte interface presents an area of increased instability at high voltage and cycling rates. To improve the stability of cathode materials, it is essential to explore both structural and chemical influences. The following thesis details synthetic routes, advanced X-ray imaging, and deep learning methods of quantification to develop a comprehensive understanding of the synthetic, electrochemical influences, and modes of degradation that affect capacity retention for Li-ion batteries. The first study examines the synthetic optimization of a new cathode composition following the influence of synthetic parameters on chemistry and structure. Tomographic transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM) with methods of deep learning segmentation were used to quantify changes in three-dimensional morphology during high-temperature lithiation. The results led to the second synthetic study with the goal of surface stabilization. A novel cathode material with an aluminum gradient structure was synthesized through continuous growth from core to surface layer, which exhibited longer life capability and decreased impedance over the bare material during repeat cycling. Further surface stabilization efforts have led to the development of complex cathode heterostructures, targeting architectures of multiple compositional shells. For the third project, multi-shelled cathodes were used to develop a new tomographic TXM method to fully quantify the spatial dependence of elemental composition, allowing the complete interrogation of the role of transition metal diffusion after high-temperature synthesis. Lastly, signs of morphological degradation in anode and cathode composites were explored in an 18650 battery during fast charge cycling using operando micro-computed tomography. Deep learning segmentation was used to identify signs of electronic isolation and irreversible electrode expansion. A greater understanding of the structure and underlying influences of battery chemistry was achieved using approaches spanning multiple imaging scales with the development of statistically significant quantification. The combination of synthesis and imaging creates a feedback loop that informs the design of new cathode materials with increased stability.
Regional specificity in the real-time development of phasic dopamine transmission patterns during acquisition of a cue-cocaine association in rats
Creators: name: Aragona, Brandon J.
name: Mark Wightman, R.
name: Carelli, Regina M.
name: Roitman, Mitchell F.
name: Day, Jeremy J.
name: Cleaveland, Nathan A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Drug seeking is significantly regulated by drug-associated cues and associative learning between environmental cues and cocaine reward is mediated by dopamine transmission within the nucleus accumbens (NAc). However, dopamine transmission during early acquisition of a cue-cocaine association has never been assessed because of the technical difficulties associated with resolving cue-evoked and cocaine-evoked dopamine release within the same conditioning trial. Here, we used fast-scan cyclic voltammetry to measure sub-second fluctuations in dopamine concentration within the NAc core and shell during the initial acquisition of a cue-cocaine Pavlovian association. Within the NAc core, cue-evoked dopamine release developed during conditioning. However, within the NAc shell, the predictive cue appeared to cause an unconditioned decrease in dopamine concentration. The pharmacological effects of cocaine also differed between sub-regions, as cocaine increased phasic dopamine release events within the NAc shell but not the core. Thus, real-time measurements not only revealed the initial development of a conditioned neurochemical response but also demonstrated differential phasic dopamine transmission patterns across NAc sub-regions during the acquisition of a cue-cocaine association.
Graph-Based Minimum Dwell Time and Average Dwell Time Computations for Discrete-Time Switched Linear Systems
Creators: name: İlhan, Ferruh
name: Karabacak, Özkan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discrete-time switched linear systems where switchings are governed by a digraph are considered. The minimum (or average) dwell time that guarantees the asymptotic stability can be computed by calculating the maximum cycle ratio (or maximum cycle mean) of a doubly weighted digraph where weights depend on the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of subsystem matrices. The graph-based method is applied to systems with defective subsystem matrices using Jordan decomposition. In the case of bimodal switched systems scaling algorithms that minimizes the condition number can be used to give a better minimum (or average) dwell time estimates.
Intermediate-mass black holes in globular clusters: observations and simulations
Creators: name: Lützgendorf, Nora
name: Kissler-Patig, Markus
name: Gebhardt, Karl
name: Baumgardt, Holger
name: Kruijssen, Diederik
name: Noyola, Eva
name: Neumayer, Nadine
name: de Zeeuw, Tim
name: Feldmeier, Anja
name: van der Helm, Edwin
name: Pelupessy, Inti
name: Zwart, Simon Portegies
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) is a young and promising field of research. Formed by runaway collisions of massive stars in young and dense stellar clusters, intermediate-mass black holes could still be present in the centers of globular clusters, today. Our group investigated the presence of intermediate-mass black holes for a sample of 10 Galactic globular clusters. We measured the inner kinematic profiles with integral-field spectroscopy and determined masses or upper limits of central black holes in each cluster. In combination with literature data we further studied the positions of our results on known black-hole scaling relations (such as M_bh - sigma) and found a similar but flatter correlation for IMBHs. Applying cluster evolution codes, the change in the slope could be explained with the stellar mass loss occurring in clusters in a tidal field over its life time. Furthermore, we present results from several numerical simulations on the topic of IMBHs and integral field units (IFUs). We ran N-body simulations of globular clusters containing IMBHs in a tidal field and studied their effects on mass-loss rates and remnant fractions and showed that an IMBH in the center prevents core collapse and ejects massive objects more rapidly. These simulations were further used to simulate IFU data cubes. For the specific case of NGC 6388 we simulated two different IFU techniques and found that velocity dispersion measurements from individual velocities are strongly biased towards lower values due to blends of neighbouring stars and background light. In addition, we use the Astrophysical Multipurpose Software Environment (AMUSE) to combine gravitational physics, stellar evolution and hydrodynamics to simulate the accretion of stellar winds onto a black hole.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. To be published in the Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 312, Star Clusters and Black Holes in Galaxies and Across Cosmic Time
Hydrological modeling of spatial and temporal variations in streamflow due to multiple climate change scenarios in northwestern Morocco
Creators: name: Acharki, Siham
name: Taia, Soufiane
name: Arjdal, Youssef
name: Hack, Jochen
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Climate change
subject: CMIP6
subject: Sentinel-2
subject: Streamflow
subject: SWAT model
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft::333 | Boden- und Energiewirtschaft::333,7 | Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie und Umwelt
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Climate change is one of the most important factors impacting hydrological regimes. In this paper, climate change impact on streamflow of Loukkos basin (northwestern Morocco) is evaluated using SWAT model for three future periods: near (2021–2040), mid (2041–2070), and far (2071–2100), compared to baseline 1981–2020. A set of bias-corrected climate models was used: five regional climate models (EURO-CORDEX), four global climate models (CMIP6) and their ensemble mean, under two representative concentration pathways respectively (RCP 4.5; RCP 8.5) and (SSP2-4.5; SSP5-8.5). Furthermore, SUFI-2 algorithm in SWAT-CUP was performed to calibrate (1981–1997), validate (1998–2015), and analyze uncertainty for each dataset at ten hydrological stations. In most stations, statistical performance indicated a good simulation, with a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) greater than 0.77 and percent bias (PBIAS) within ±10% on a monthly basis. Overall, 82% of models indicated that future climate could decline streamflow. The largest decrease would be for 2071–2100 and under RCP 8.5/SSP5-8.5. Our findings could help planners and policymakers in developing reasonable water management policies and climate change adaptation measures.
Clinical practice guidelines for refractory epilepsy: A scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Alva-Diaz, Carlos
name: Cabanillas-Lazo, Miguel
name: Guillermo-Roman, Martina
name: Zumarán-Nuñez, Carlos J.
name: Vargas-Cabrera, Cindy Elizabeth
name: Grados-Espinoza, Pamela
name: Cruz-Ordinola, Maria Celinda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: We aimed to make a scoping review to characterize and assess the quality of the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for epilepsy with a focus on refractory epilepsy.
A New Group of Two-Dimensional Non-van der Waals Materials with Ultra Low Exfoliation Energies
Creators: name: Barnowsky, Tom
name: Krasheninnikov, Arkady V.
name: Friedrich, Rico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exfoliation energy - quantifying the energy required to extract a two-dimensional (2D) sheet from the surface of a bulk material - is a key parameter determining the synthesizability of 2D compounds. Here, using ab initio calculations, we present a new group of non-van der Waals 2D materials derived from non-layered crystals which exhibit ultra low exfoliation energies. In particular for sulfides, surface relaxations are essential to correctly describe the associated energy gain needed to obtain reliable results. Taking into account long-range dispersive interactions has only a minor effect on the energetics and ultimately proves that the exfoliation energies are close to the ones of traditional van der Waals bound 2D compounds. The candidates with the lowest energies, 2D SbTlO$_3$ and MnNaCl$_3$, exhibit appealing electronic, potential topological, and magnetic features as evident from the calculated band structures making these systems an attractive platform for fundamental and applied nanoscience.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures
A Taxonomy of Semantic Information in Robot-Assisted Disaster Response
Creators: name: Ruan, Tianshu
name: Wang, Hao
name: Stolkin, Rustam
name: Chiou, Manolis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a taxonomy of semantic information in robot-assisted disaster response. Robots are increasingly being used in hazardous environment industries and emergency response teams to perform various tasks. Operational decision-making in such applications requires a complex semantic understanding of environments that are remote from the human operator. Low-level sensory data from the robot is transformed into perception and informative cognition. Currently, such cognition is predominantly performed by a human expert, who monitors remote sensor data such as robot video feeds. This engenders a need for AI-generated semantic understanding capabilities on the robot itself. Current work on semantics and AI lies towards the relatively academic end of the research spectrum, hence relatively removed from the practical realities of first responder teams. We aim for this paper to be a step towards bridging this divide. We first review common robot tasks in disaster response and the types of information such robots must collect. We then organize the types of semantic features and understanding that may be useful in disaster operations into a taxonomy of semantic information. We also briefly review the current state-of-the-art semantic understanding techniques. We highlight potential synergies, but we also identify gaps that need to be bridged to apply these ideas. We aim to stimulate the research that is needed to adapt, robustify, and implement state-of-the-art AI semantics methods in the challenging conditions of disasters and first responder scenarios.
Estradiol-dependent Catecholaminergic Innervation of Auditory Areas in a Seasonally Breeding Songbird
Creators: name: Salvante, Katrina G.
name: Maney, Donna L.
name: Sanford, Sara E.
name: Sockman, Keith W.
name: Matragrano, Lisa L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: A growing body of evidence suggests that gonadal steroids such as estradiol (E2) alter neural responses not only in brain regions associated with reproductive behavior, but also in sensory areas. Because catecholamine systems are involved in sensory processing and selective attention, and because they are sensitive to E2 in many species, they may mediate the neural effects of E2 in sensory areas. Here, we tested the effects of E2 on catecholaminergic innervation, synthesis, and activity in the auditory system of white-throated sparrows, a seasonally breeding songbird in which E2 promotes selective auditory responses to song. Non-breeding females with regressed ovaries were held on a winter-like photoperiod and implanted with silastic capsules containing either no hormone or E2. In one hemisphere of the brain, we used immunohistochemistry to quantify fibers immunoreactive for tyrosine hydroxylase or dopamine beta-hydroxylase in the auditory forebrain, thalamus, and midbrain. E2 treatment increased catecholaminergic innervation in the same areas of the auditory system in which E2 promotes selectivity for song. In the contralateral hemisphere, we quantified dopamine, norepinephrine and their metabolites in tissue punches using HPLC. Norepinephrine increased in the auditory forebrain, but not the midbrain, after E2 treatment. We found evidence of interhemispheric differences, both in immunoreactivity and catecholamine content did not depend on E2 treatment. Overall, our results show that increases in plasma E2 typical of the breeding season enhance catecholaminergic innervation and synthesis in some parts of the auditory system, raising the possibility that catecholamines play a role in E2-dependent auditory plasticity in songbirds.
Neural correlates of Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer in the nucleus accumbens shell are selectively potentiated following cocaine self-administration
Creators: name: Saddoris, Michael P.
name: Carelli, Regina M.
name: Stamatakis, Alice
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: During Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT), learned Pavlovian cues significantly modulate ongoing instrumental actions. This phenomenon is suggested as a mechanism under which conditioned stimuli may lead to relapse in addicted populations. Following discriminative Pavlovian learning and instrumental conditioning with sucrose, one group of rats (naive) underwent electrophysiological recordings in the nucleus accumbens core and shell during a single PIT session. Other groups, following Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning, were subsequently trained to self-administer cocaine with nosepoke responses, or received yoked saline infusions and nosepoked for water rewards, and then performed PIT while electrophysiological recordings were taken in the nucleus accumbens. Behaviorally, although both naive and saline-treated groups showed increases in lever pressing during the conditioned stimulus cue, this effect was significantly enhanced in the cocaine-treated group. Neurons in the core and shell tracked these behavioral changes. In control animals, core neurons were significantly more likely to encode general information about cues, rewards and responses than those in the shell, and positively correlated with behavioral PIT performance, whereas PIT-specific encoding in the shell, but not core, tracked PIT performance. In contrast, following cocaine exposure, there was a significant increase in neural encoding of all task-relevant events that was selective to the shell. Given that cocaine exposure enhanced both behavior and shell-specific task encoding, these findings suggest that, whereas the core is important for acquiring the information about cues and response contingencies, the shell is important for using this information to guide and modulate behavior and is specifically affected following a history of cocaine self-administration.
Triumph Over Fear: Is the Experience of Fear Essential to Courage?
Creators: name: Li, Tianyi
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Against the stark backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, civil unrest, and economic hardships, we are living in a time of unprecedented uncertainty and vulnerability—a time where we have no choice but to confront the physical, emotional, and psychological toll that the pandemic is exacting on us. The understanding of the construct of courage, a virtue that allows us to flourish and thrive under challenging times, thus seems more relevant and important than ever. However, the factors that determine whether an action is perceived as courageous are not well understood. In particular, conceptual accounts differ as to whether the perception that an actor has experienced fear is essential to the actor being perceived as courageous. The current dissertation examines this fundamental question. The main conclusion is that it is not the experience of fear that is essential for an actor to be viewed as having courage; rather, it is the belief that an actor has overcome the fear that is quintessential to the perception of courage.
FIT4RRI D3.2: Experiment 3 Report Material Science
Creators: name: Riccio, Andrea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: RRI
Open Science
co-creation
governance
quadrupel helix

description: The experiment wanted to demonstrate that RFPOs could offer an innovative range of public services,
 often business-based, capable of enhancing competitiveness and social value of their reference
 territories. As a result, Saperi&Co. structure and objectives make it suitable for the establishment of a responsible
 governance. Hence, the underlying idea for putting into practice FIT4RRI Sapienza co-creation
 experiment is to implement at Saperi&Co. the first RRI-ruled Sapienza research centre, thus
 addressing the RRI key of governance, establishing at the same time, through the keys of science
 education and public engagement, a new dialogue with stakeholders on sustainability and bio-materials
 engineering, based on inclusiveness, idea co-generation and awareness.
Almost sure multifractal spectrum of SLE
Creators: name: Gwynne, Ewain
name: Miller, Jason
name: Sun, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Suppose that $η$ is a Schramm-Loewner evolution (SLE$_κ$) in a smoothly bounded simply connected domain $D \subset {\mathbb C}$ and that $ϕ$ is a conformal map from ${\mathbb D}$ to a connected component of $D \setminus η([0,t])$ for some $t>0$. The multifractal spectrum of $η$ is the function $(-1,1) \to [0,\infty)$ which, for each $s \in (-1,1)$, gives the Hausdorff dimension of the set of points $x \in \partial {\mathbb D}$ such that $|ϕ'( (1-ε) x)| = ε^{-s+o(1)}$ as $ε\to 0$. We rigorously compute the a.s. multifractal spectrum of SLE, confirming a prediction due to Duplantier. As corollaries, we confirm a conjecture made by Beliaev and Smirnov for the a.s. bulk integral means spectrum of SLE and we obtain a new derivation of the a.s. Hausdorff dimension of the SLE curve for $κ\leq 4$. Our results also hold for the SLE$_κ(\underline ρ)$ processes with general vectors of weight $\underlineρ$.
description: 92 pages and 18 figures
NONLINEAR BAYESIAN CONTROL FRAMEWORK FOR PARALLEL REAL-TIME HYBRID SIMULATION
Creators: name: Uribe, Johnny Wilfredo Condori
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400509
subject: Structural dynamics
classificationCode: 400510
subject: Structural engineering
classificationCode: 401702
subject: Dynamics, vibration and vibration control

description: The development of an increasingly interconnected infrastructure and its rapid evolution demands engineering testing solutions capable of investigating realistically and with high accuracy the interactions among the different components of the problem to study. The examination of any of these components without losing the interaction of the other surroundings components is not only realistic, but also desirable. The more interconnected the whole system is, the greater the dependencies. Real-time Hybrid Simulation (RTHS) is a disruptive technology that has the potential to address this type of complex interactions or internal couplings by partitioning the system into numerical (better understood) substructures and experimental (unknown) substructures, which are built physically in the laboratory. These two types of substructures are connected through a transfer system (e.g., hydraulic actuators) to enforce boundary conditions in their common interfaces creating a synchronized cyber-physical system. However, despite the RTHS community has been improving these hybrid techniques, there are still important barriers in their core methodologies. Current control approaches developed for RTHS were validated mainly for linear applications with limited capabilities to deal with high uncertainties, hard nonlinearities, or extensive damage of structural elements due to plasticity. Furthermore, capturing the realistic dynamics of a structural system requires the description of the motion using more than one degree of freedom, which increases the number of hydraulic actuators needed to enforce additional degrees of freedom at boundary condition interface. As these requirements escalate for larger or more complex problems, the computational cost can turn into a prohibitive constraint. In this dissertation, the main research goal is to develop and validate a nonlinear controller with capabilities to control highly uncertain nonlinear physical substructures with complex boundary conditions and its parallel computational implementation for accurate and realistic RTHS. The validation of the proposed control system is achieved through a set of real-time tracking control and RTHS experiments that explore robustness, accuracy performance, and their trade-off
Interplay of nonlocality and incompatibility breaking qubit channels
Creators: name: Kumari, Swati
name: Naikoo, Javid
name: Ghosh, Sibasish
name: Pan, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Incompatibility and nonlocality are not only of foundational interest but also act as important resources for quantum information theory. In the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) scenario, the incompatibility of a pair of observables is known to be equivalent to Bell nonlocality. Here, we investigate these notions in the context of qubit channels. The Bell-CHSH inequality has a greater perspective--compared to any genuine tripartite nonlocality scenario--while determining the interplay between nonlocality breaking qubit channels and incompatibility breaking qubit channels. In the Bell-CHSH scenario, we prove that if the conjugate of a channel is incompatibility breaking, then the channel is itself nonlocality breaking and vice versa. However, this equivalence is not straightforwardly generalized to multipartite systems, due to the absence of an equivalence relation between incompatibility and nonlocality in the multipartite scenario. We investigate this relation in the tripartite scenario by considering some well-known states like Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger and $W$ states and using the notion of Mermin and Svetlichny nonlocality. By subjecting the parties in question to unital qubit channels, we identify the range of state and channel parameters for which incompatibility coexists with nonlocality. Further, we identify the set of unital qubit channels that is Mermin or Svetlichny nonlocality breaking irrespective of the input state.
Fabrication of hybrid molecular devices using multi-layer graphene break junctions
Creators: name: Island, Joshua O.
name: Holovchenko, Anastasia
name: Koole, Max
name: Alkemade, Paul F. A.
name: Menelaou, Melita
name: Aliaga-Alcalde, Nuria
name: Burzuri, Enrique
name: van der Zant, Herre S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the fabrication of hybrid molecular devices employing multilayer graphene (MLG) flakes which are patterned with a constriction using a helium ion microscope (HIM) or an oxygen plasma etch. The patterning step allows for the localization of a few-nanometer gap, created by electroburning, that can host single molecules or molecular ensembles. By controlling the width of the sculpted constriction, we regulate the critical power at which the electroburning process begins. We estimate the flake temperature given the critical power and find that at low powers it is possible to electroburn MLG with superconducting contacts in close proximity. Finally, we demonstrate the fabrication of hybrid devices with superconducting contacts and anthracene-functionalized copper curcuminoid molecules. This method is extendable to spintronic devices with ferromagnetic contacts and a first step towards molecular integrated circuits.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Detaching and Boosting: Dual Engine for Scale-Invariant Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimation
Creators: name: Jiang, Peizhe
name: Yang, Wei
name: Ye, Xiaoqing
name: Tan, Xiao
name: Wu, Meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Monocular depth estimation (MDE) in the self-supervised scenario has emerged as a promising method as it refrains from the requirement of ground truth depth. Despite continuous efforts, MDE is still sensitive to scale changes especially when all the training samples are from one single camera. Meanwhile, it deteriorates further since camera movement results in heavy coupling between the predicted depth and the scale change. In this paper, we present a scale-invariant approach for self-supervised MDE, in which scale-sensitive features (SSFs) are detached away while scale-invariant features (SIFs) are boosted further. To be specific, a simple but effective data augmentation by imitating the camera zooming process is proposed to detach SSFs, making the model robust to scale changes. Besides, a dynamic cross-attention module is designed to boost SIFs by fusing multi-scale cross-attention features adaptively. Extensive experiments on the KITTI dataset demonstrate that the detaching and boosting strategies are mutually complementary in MDE and our approach achieves new State-of-The-Art performance against existing works from 0.097 to 0.090 w.r.t absolute relative error. The code will be made public soon.
description: Accepted by ICLR and IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RAL)
Differential Regulation of Synaptic Transmission through Tomosyn/Synaptotagmin Interactions in C. elegans
Creators: name: Jeon, Sohee
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Synaptic transmission is an essential process for neuronal communication in which neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft in response to an action potential, resulting in the activation of postsynaptic receptors. Impairment in this process has been linked to multiple disorders. Thus, investigating the mechanism of neurotransmitter release is important for understanding and developing therapeutics for these diseases. Both tomosyn and synaptotagmin are highly-conserved proteins that are involved in the regulation of neurotransmitter release. While in vitro studies in mammalian cultured neurons demonstrate that tomosyn directly binds to synaptotagmin-1, resulting in inhibition of neurotransmitter release, whether this interaction is maintained in vivo remains to be investigated. The goal of this thesis was to investigate the potential functional interactions of tomosyn with two synaptotagmin isoforms (SNT-1 and SNT-3) that act as a dual calcium sensing system in C. elegans. We demonstrate that TOM-1 differentially interacts with both SNT-1 and SNT-3 to regulate synaptic transmission. Specifically, SNT-1 regulates transport of TOM-1 to synapses, while TOM-1 regulates SNT-3 expression levels. Additional evidence suggests that TOM-1 impacts both SNT-1 and SNT-3 roles in both exocytosis and endocytosis. Together, my work suggests novel differential regulation of synaptic transmission through the interaction of tomosyn with a calcium sensor system.
Russian-Doll Risk Models
Creators: name: Kakushadze, Zura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We give a simple explicit algorithm for building multi-factor risk models. It dramatically reduces the number of or altogether eliminates the risk factors for which the factor covariance matrix needs to be computed. This is achieved via a nested "Russian-doll" embedding: the factor covariance matrix itself is modeled via a factor model, whose factor covariance matrix in turn is modeled via a factor model, and so on. We discuss in detail how to implement this algorithm in the case of (binary) industry classification based risk factors (e.g., "sector -> industry -> sub-industry"), and also in the presence of (non-binary) style factors. Our algorithm is particularly useful when long historical lookbacks are unavailable or undesirable, e.g., in short-horizon quant trading.
description: 25 pages; expanded version
Nanotube Generation on Titanium Kirschner Wire and Electrophoretic Deposition of Gentamicin and Chitosan
Creators: name: Della Fara, Greta
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) occurs in around 1-2% of primary total hip and knee arthroplasties, but rates of PJI can be greater than 20% in individuals with a combination of demographic, surgical, and/or comorbidity risk factors. Development of PJI can lead to devastating complications including requirement of multiple operations, poor outcomes and morbidity, and mortality. Systemic antimicrobials are routinely utilized as a preventative measure and treatment for PJI. However, systemic drug treatments can provide low bioavailability of antimicrobial drugs around the implant and can fail to prevent or eradicate the infection. Therefore, the development of localized drug delivery systems is of great clinical signifcance. Titanium (Ti) is known to form a nanotubular oxide layer under electric potential; this layer can be exploited as pockets for localized drug delivery. The aim of the present work was to use electrophoretic deposition (EPD) as drug loading and coating of nantoubes (NT) on a mouse femural nail to establish a local application of antibiotic capable of prolonged antimicrobial drug delivery. The NTs were created on Ti wire with two-step anodization process and were characterized by a 100 nm diameter and 7 µm length. This process allowed a highly ordered nanotube morphology maintaining a high diameter but with lower variability with respect to the other methods tested. EPD resulted in a higher amount of gentamicin deposited with all parameters tested as compared to the air-dry method, up to 10x higher values were obtained. The amount of antibiotic with EPD was controllable by adjusting the two parameters of the deposition, increasing voltage and duration led to more drug loaded. The application of a crosslinked chitosan layer allowed logarithmic release kinetics for up to 3 days. Gentamicin-loaded Ti wires signifcantly inhibited S. aureus growth in liquid culture and resulted in a larger elliptical inhibition zone (4.5 cm x 3.5 cm) compared to anodized but unloaded wires. Toxicity analysis resulted in 93% viability in osteoblast cultures. Antibiotic loaded Ti nanotubes created on Ti surface might represent a powerful tool for prevention of PJI; we plan to test this technology next in a murine PJI model.
Higgs mass 125 GeV and g-2 of the muon in Gaugino Mediation Model
Creators: name: Harigaya, Keisuke
name: Yanagida, Tsutomu T.
name: Yokozaki, Norimi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gaugino mediation is very attractive since it is free from the serious flavor problem in the supersymmetric standard model. We show that the observed Higgs boson mass at around 125 GeV and the anomaly of the muon g-2 can be easily explained in gaugino mediation models. It should be noted that no dangerous CP violating phases are generated in our framework. Furthermore, there are large parameter regions which can be tested not only at the planned International Linear Collider but also at the coming 13-14 TeV Large Hadron Collider.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures