cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Recurrent Super-Resolution Method for Enhancing Low Quality Thermal Facial Data
Creators: name: O'Callaghan, David
name: Ryan, Cian
name: Shariff, Waseem
name: Farooq, Muhammad Ali
name: Lemley, Joseph
name: Corcoran, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The process of obtaining high-resolution images from single or multiple low-resolution images of the same scene is of great interest for real-world image and signal processing applications. This study is about exploring the potential usage of deep learning based image super-resolution algorithms on thermal data for producing high quality thermal imaging results for in-cabin vehicular driver monitoring systems. In this work we have proposed and developed a novel multi-image super-resolution recurrent neural network to enhance the resolution and improve the quality of low-resolution thermal imaging data captured from uncooled thermal cameras. The end-to-end fully convolutional neural network is trained from scratch on newly acquired thermal data of 30 different subjects in indoor environmental conditions. The effectiveness of the thermally tuned super-resolution network is validated quantitatively as well as qualitatively on test data of 6 distinct subjects. The network was able to achieve a mean peak signal to noise ratio of 39.24 on the validation dataset for 4x super-resolution, outperforming bicubic interpolation both quantitatively and qualitatively.
description: In proceedings of the 24th Irish Machine Vision and Image Processing Conference, Belfast Ireland, 31 August - 2nd September 2022
A comparison between the one- and two-step spin-orbit coupling approaches based on the ab initio Density Matrix Renormalization Group
Creators: name: Zhai, Huanchen
name: Chan, Garnet Kin-Lic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The efficient and reliable treatment of both spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and electron correlation is essential for understanding f-element chemistry. We analyze two approaches to the problem, the one-step approach where both effects are treated simultaneously, and the two-step state interaction approach. We report an implementation of the ab initio density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) with a one-step treatment of the SOC effect which can be compared to prior two-step treatments on an equal footing. Using a dysprosium octahedral complex and bridged dimer as benchmark systems, we identify characteristics of problems where the one-step approach is beneficial for obtaining the low-energy spectrum.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Fremdplatzierte Kinder und  Jugendliche hochstrittiger Eltern im Zwangskontext: Aus Sicht der Sozialpädagogik
Creators: name: Köller, Livia
Publisher: name: Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit
Year: 2024

description: Diese Bachelorarbeit untersucht das Thema "Fremdplatzierte Kinder und Jugendliche
hochstrittiger Eltern im Zwangskontext". Die Autorin Livia Köller analysiert, wie die Betreuung
von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit hochstrittigen Eltern die Arbeit von Fachpersonen in der
stationären Kinder- und Jugendhilfe beeinflusst und deren professionelles Rollenverständnis
prägt. Zur Beantwortung dieser Frage werden die Begriffe Hochstrittigkeit, Fremdplatzierung
und Zwangskontext anhand von Fachliteratur erläutert und die Auswirkungen auf Eltern und
Kind dargestellt. Der Umgang mit hochstrittigen Eltern ist für die Fachpersonen aus der
Sozialpädagogik eine Herausforderung. Diese Arbeit untersucht, wie in der stationären Kinderund
Jugendhilfe die hochstrittigen Eltern deeskalierend und kindeswohlorientiert begleitet und
deren Kinder gestärkt und geschützt werden können. Durch das Hervorheben der
unterschiedlichen Merkmale von Hochstrittigkeit und dessen Auswirkungen auf Kinder und
Eltern, sowie die rechtlichen Grundlagen einer Fremdplatzierung werden diverse Methoden
der Zusammenarbeit mit hochstrittigen Eltern vorgestellt. Die Fragestellung mit den
Unterfragen wird anhand einer Literaturarbeit behandelt. Die Arbeit soll Möglichkeiten zur
Einordnung des elterlichen Konfliktniveaus aufzeigen und befasst sich mit dem
Rollenverständnis der Sozialpädagog*innen in der stationären Kinder- und Jugendhilfe im
Bezug auf die Begleitung der Kinder und Eltern. Eine universelle Vorgehensweise wird nicht
präsentiert, da jeder Fall individuell betrachtet werden muss und stark vom Verhalten der Eltern
abhängt.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basp be + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialpädagogik, 2024 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202409
Polychromatic Excitation of Delocalized Long-Lived Proton Spin States in Aliphatic Chains
Creators: name: Sonnefeld, Anna
name: Bodenhausen, Geoffrey
name: Sheberstov, Kirill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-lived states (LLS) involving pairs of magnetically inequivalent but chemically equivalent proton spins in aliphatic (CH$_2$)$_n$ chains can be excited by simultaneous application of weak selective radio-frequency (RF) fields at n chemical shifts by polychromatic spin lock induced crossing (poly-SLIC). The LLS are delocalized throughout the aliphatic chain by mixing of intrapair singlet states and by excitation of LLS comprising products of four or six spins. The measured lifetimes T$_{LLS}$ in a model compound are about 5 times longer than T1, and are strongly affected by interactions with macromolecules.
Assessment of Personality Dimensions in Children and Adolescents with Bipolar Disorder Using the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory
Creators: name: Hunter, Kristina
name: Cloninger, C. Robert
name: Fonseca, Manoela
name: Hatch, John P.
name: Pliszka, Steven R.
name: Caetano, Sheila C.
name: Soares, Jair C.
name: Nicoletti, Mark
name: Olvera, Rene L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: We compared temperament and character traits in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder (BP) and healthy control (HC) subjects.
An Open-Label Study of Aripiprazole in Children with a Bipolar Disorder
Creators: name: Rowles, Brieana M.
name: Demeter, Christine A.
name: Youngstrom, Eric A.
name: Calabrese, Joseph R.
name: Frazier, Thomas W.
name: Otto, Benjamin D.
name: Findling, Robert L.
name: Stansbrey, Robert J.
name: Lingler, Jacqui
name: McNamara, Nora K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The purpose of this open-label study was to describe the effectiveness of aripiprazole (APZ) in the treatment of children with bipolar disorders suffering from manic symptomatology.
Modelling Electrical Car Diffusion Based on Agents
Creators: name: Yu, Lei
name: Zhang, Tao
name: Siebers, Peer-Olaf
name: Aickelin, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Replacing traditional fossil fuel vehicles with innovative zero-emission vehicles for the transport in ci ties is one of the major tactics to achieve the UK government 2020 target of cutting emission. We are developing an agent-based simulation model to study the possible impact of different governmental interventions on the diffusion of such vehicles. Options that could be studied with our what-if analysis to include things like car parking charges, price of electrical car, energy awareness and word of mouth. In this paper we present a first case study related to the introduction of a new car park charging scheme at the University of Nottingham. We have developed an agent based model to simulate theimpact of different car parking rates and other incentives on the uptake of electrical cars. The goal of this case study is to demonstrate the usefulness of agent-based modelling and simulation for such investigations.
Multi-frequency optical lattice for dynamic lattice-geometry control
Creators: name: Kosch, Marcel N.
name: Asteria, Luca
name: Zahn, Henrik P.
name: Sengstock, Klaus
name: Weitenberg, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold atoms in optical lattices are pristine model systems with a tunability and flexibility that goes beyond solid-state analogies, e.g., dynamical lattice-geometry changes allow tuning a graphene lattice into a boron-nitride lattice. However, a fast modulation of the lattice geometry remains intrinsically difficult. Here we introduce a multi-frequency lattice for fast and flexible lattice-geometry control and demonstrate it for a three-beam lattice, realizing the full dynamical tunability between honeycomb lattice, boron-nitride lattice and triangular lattice. At the same time, the scheme ensures intrinsically high stability of the lattice geometry. We introduce the concept of a geometry phase as the parameter that fully controls the geometry and observe its signature as a staggered flux in a momentum space lattice. Tuning the geometry phase allows to dynamically control the sublattice offset in the boron-nitride lattice. We use a fast sweep of the offset to transfer atoms into higher Bloch bands, and perform a new type of Bloch band spectroscopy by modulating the sublattice offset. Finally, we generalize the geometry phase concept and the multi-frequency lattice to three-dimensional optical lattices and quasi-periodic potentials. This scheme will allow further applications such as novel Floquet and quench protocols to create and probe, e.g., topological properties.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures
Clinical Characteristics of Children Receiving Antipsychotic Medication
Creators: name: Youngstrom, Eric A.
name: Ryan, Neal
name: Arnold, L. Eugene
name: Fristad, Mary A.
name: Deyling, Elizabeth A.
name: Kowatch, Robert A.
name: Gill, Mary Kay
name: Demeter, Christine A.
name: Fields, Benjamin
name: Findling, Robert L.
name: Birmaher, Boris
name: Depew, Judith
name: Horwitz, Sarah McCue
name: Frazier, Thomas W.
name: Axelson, David
name: Rowles, Brieana M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: This study explored the demographic and diagnostic features of children who were currently receiving antipsychotics compared to children who were receiving other psychotropics in a cohort of children with and without elevated symptoms of mania (ESM). Participants were recruited from 10 child outpatient mental health clinics associated with four universities. Guardians with children between 6–12 years who presented for new clinical evaluations completed the Parent General Behavior Inventory-10 Item Mania Scale (PGBI-10M). All children who scored ≥12 on the PGBI-10M and a select demographically matched comparison group of patients who scored ≤11 were invited to participate. Children were divided into two groups: those receiving at least one antipsychotic medication and those receiving other psychotropic medications. The groups were compared on demographics, diagnoses, psychiatric symptoms, functioning, and past hospitalizations. Of the 707 children enrolled in the Longitudinal Assessment of Manic Symptoms (LAMS) study, 443 (63%) were prescribed psychotropic medication at baseline: 157 (35%) were receiving an antipsychotic and 286 (65%) were prescribed other agents. Multivariate results indicated that being prescribed antipsychotics was related to being white, previous hospitalization, having a psychotic or bipolar 1 disorder and the site where the child was receiving services (p
Kinematic-Chemical analysis and Time tagging for the Diagonal Ridge Structure of the Galactic Outer Disk with LAMOST Red Giant Branch Stars
Creators: name: Yang, Peng
name: Wang, Hai-Feng
name: Luo, Zhi-Quan
name: Tepper-García, Thor
name: Luo, Yang-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the kinematic-chemical distribution of Red Giant Branch (RGB) stars from the LAMOST survey crossed matched with Gaia DR2 proper motions, and present time tagging for the well-known ridge structures (diagonal distributions for $V_R$ in the $R$, $V_ϕ$ plane) in the range of Galactocentric distance $R$ = 8 to 15 kpc. We detect six ridge structures, including five ridges apparent in the radial velocity distribution and three ridges apparent in the vertical velocity, the sensitive time of which to the perturbations are from young population (0$-$3 Gyr) to old population (9$-$14 Gyr). Based on an analysis of the evolution of angular momentum distribution, we find that four ridges are relatively stationary, while another is evolving with time, which is confirmed by the difference analysis at different populations and supporting that there might be two kinds of dynamical origins. Furthermore, ridge features are also vividly present in the chemical properties ([Fe/H], [$α$/Fe]). The comparison between the north and south hemispheres of the Galaxy does show some differences and the ridge features are asymmetrical. Moreover, we find that diagonal ridge structures may affect the shape of the rotation curve, which is manifested as fluctuations and undulations on top of a smooth profile. Finally we speculate that the bar dynamics should be not enough to explain all ridge properties including the break feature in the $V_Z$-$L_Z$ plane.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures. Accepted publication in The Astronomical Journal
In-gap Bound States Induced by Interstitial Fe Impurities in Iron-based Superconductors
Creators: name: Zhang, Degang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a two-orbit four-band tight binding model, we investigate the low-lying electronic states around the interstitial excess Fe ions in the iron-based superconductors by using T-matrix approach. It is shown that the local density of states at the interstitial Fe impurity (IFI) possesses a strong resonance inside the gap, which seems to be insensitive to the doping and the pairing symmetry in the Fe-Fe plane, while a single or two resonances appear at the nearest neighboring (NN) Fe sites. The location and height of the resonance peaks only depend on the hopping $t$ and the pairing parameter $Δ_I$ between the IFI and the NN Fe sites. These in-gap resonances are originated in the Andreev's bound states due to the quasiparticle tunneling through the IFI, leading to the change of the magnitude of the superconducting order parameter. When both $t$ and $Δ_I$ are small, this robust zero-energy bound state near the IFI is consistent with recent scanning tunneling microscopy observations.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Steady-state entanglement generation for non-degenerate qubits
Creators: name: Oliveira, Murilo H.
name: Higgins, Gerard
name: Zhang, Chi
name: Predojević, Ana
name: Hennrich, Markus
name: Bachelard, Romain
name: Villas-Boas, Celso J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme to dissipatively produce steady-state entanglement in a two-qubit system, via an interaction with a bosonic mode. The system is driven into a stationary entangled state, while we compensate the mode dissipation by injecting energy via a coherent pump field. We also present a scheme which allows us to adiabatically transfer all the population to the desired entangled state. The dynamics leading to the entangled state in these schemes can be understood in analogy with electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP), respectively.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Amplification of OAM Radiation by Astrophysical Masers
Creators: name: Gray, Malcolm
name: Pisano, Giampaolo
name: Maccalli, Stefania
name: Schemmel, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the theory of astrophysical maser propagation through a medium with a Zeeman-split molecular response to the case of a non-uniform magnetic field, and allow a component of the electric field of the radiation in the direction of propagation: a characteristic of radiation with orbital angular momentum. A classical reduction of the governing equations leads to a set of nine differential equations for the evolution of intensity-like parameters for each Fourier component of the radiation. Four of these parameters correspond to the standard Stokes parameters, whilst the other five represent the $z$-component of the electric field, and its coupling to the conventional components in the $x-y$-plane. A restricted analytical solution of the governing equations demonstrates a non-trivial coupling of the Stokes parameters to those representing orbital angular momentum: the $z$-component of the electric field can grow from a background in which only Stokes-$I$ is non-zero. A numerical solution of the governing equations reveals radiation patterns with a radial and angular structure for the case of an ideal quadrupole magnetic field perpendicular to the propagation direction. In this ideal case generation of radiation orbital angular momentum, like polarization, can approach 100 per cent.
Tab2vox: CNN-Based Multivariate Multilevel Demand Forecasting Framework by Tabular-To-Voxel Image Conversion
Creators: name: Lee, Euna
name: Nam, Myungwoo
name: Lee, Hongchul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Since demand is influenced by a wide variety of causes, it is necessary to decompose the explana-tory variables into different levels, extract their relationships effectively, and reflect them in the forecast. In particular, this contextual information can be very useful in demand forecasting with large demand volatility or intermittent demand patterns. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been successfully used in many fields where important information in data is represented by images. CNNs are powerful because they accept samples as images and use adjacent voxel sets to integrate multi-dimensional important information and learn important features. On the other hand, although the demand-forecasting model has been improved, the input data is still limited in its tabular form and is not suitable for CNN modeling. In this study, we propose a Tab2vox neural architecture search (NAS) model as a method to convert a high-dimensional tabular sam-ple into a well-formed 3D voxel image and use it in a 3D CNN network. For each image repre-sentation, the 3D CNN forecasting model proposed from the Tab2vox framework showed supe-rior performance, compared to the existing time series and machine learning techniques using tabular data, and the latest image transformation studies.
Dynamics of flare processes and variety of the fine structure of solar radio emission over a wide frequency range of 30 - 7000 MHz
Creators: name: Chernov, Gennady
name: Fomichev, Valery
name: Tan, Baolin
name: Yan, Yihua
name: Tan, Chengming
name: Fu, Qijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiobursts exibiting fine structure observed over two years during the rising phase of Cycle 24 by the SBRS are analyzed. In five events zebra structure, various fiber bursts and fast pulsations were observed. Events on 15 and 24 February 2011 are of the greatest interest. The polarization of radio emission in all three cases is related to the ordinary wave mode of radio emission.Almost all events in the microwave range contain superfine structure. It is possible that each type of fine structure is excited by the same mechanism, and the broad variety of events is related to the dynamics of flare processes.
description: 22 pages, 16 figures, accepted in "Solar Physics", 1 September 2014
Dosing Strategies for Lithium Monotherapy in Children and Adolescents with Bipolar I Disorder
Creators: name: Lingler, Jacqui
name: Rowles, Brieana M.
name: Faber, Jon
name: Kowatch, Robert
name: McClellan, Jon
name: Pavuluri, Mani
name: Kafantaris, Vivian
name: Findling, Robert L.
name: Taylor-Zapata, Perdita
name: McNamara, Nora K.
name: Sikich, Linmarie
name: Clemons, Traci E.
name: Frazier, Jean A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The primary goal of this exploratory study was to obtain data that could lead to evidence-based dosing strategies for lithium in children and adolescents suffering from bipolar I disorder.
NED-AdS black holes, extended phase space thermodynamics and Joule--Thomson expansion
Creators: name: Kruglov, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study and discuss the critical behavior of charged by nonlinear electrodynamics (NED) AdS black holes in an extended phase space. The negative cosmological constant is treated as a thermodynamic pressure and the black hole mass is considered as the chemical enthalpy. We show the analogy of thermodynamics and phase transitions studied with the Van der Waals liquid-gas system. We introduce new thermodynamic quantities conjugated to the NED coupling and a magnetic charge. It was demonstrated that the first low of black hole thermodynamics and the Smarr relation hold. We have calculated the Joule--Thomson thermodynamic coefficient and inversion temperature and the Joule--Thomson adiabatic expansion is investigated.
description: 9 pages (two columns), 9 figures, 2 tables
SpeeDF - A Speech De-identification Framework
Creators: name: Veerappan, Chandra Sekar
name: Dhingra, Priyanshu
name: Wang, Zhengkui
name: Tong, Rong
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460208
subject: Natural language processing
classificationCode: 460212
subject: Speech recognition

description: This paper proposes SpeeDF, a novel three-step framework for anonymizing speech data, particularly focusing on Singaporean English (Singlish). SpeeDF tackles the challenge of protecting less-studied Personally Identifiable Information (PII) like NRIC and passport numbers, which often go overlooked by traditional de-identification methods. Unlike approaches focused solely on entity extraction, SpeeDF leverages a combination of automatic speech recognition (ASR), named entity recognition (NER), and information anonymization. This comprehensive approach ensures thorough PII redaction while preserving the naturalness and usability of the anonymized speech data for research and various downstream applications.
The Physics of Pulsar Halos: Research Progress and Prospect
Creators: name: Liu, Ruo-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusive TeV gamma-ray emissions have been recently discovered extending beyond the pulsar wind nebulae of a few middle-aged pulsars, implying that energetic electron/positron pairs are escaping from the pulsar wind nebulae and radiating in the ambient interstellar medium. It has been suggested that these extended emissions constitute a distinct class of nonthermal sources, termed "pulsar halos". In this article, I will review the research progress on pulsar halos and discuss our current understanding on their physics, including the multiwavelength observations, different theoretical models, as well as implications for the origin of cosmic-ray positron excess and Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables; invited review for International Journal of Modern Physics A
Cosmology and Non-additive Entropy
Creators: name: Martínez-Merino, A.
name: Sabido, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-additive entropies have been proposed as alternatives to understanding the thermodynamics of Black Holes. Moreover, it has been suggested that the difficulties of quantization of gravity are an indication that gravity is an emergent phenomenon, and therefore an entropic formulation is warranted. In this work, we explore cosmologies that come from non-additive entropies. We focus our study on the cosmologies derived from entropies in superstatistics.
description: & pages, no figures
Spatial populations with seed-banks in random environment: III. Convergence towards mono-type equilibrium
Creators: name: Nandan, Shubhamoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 92D10

description: We consider the spatially inhomogeneous Moran model with seed-banks introduced in den Hollander and Nandan (2021). Populations comprising $active$ and $dormant$ individuals are structured in colonies labelled by $\mathbb{Z}^d,~d\geq 1$. The population sizes are drawn from an ergodic, translation-invariant, uniformly elliptic field that form a random environment. Individuals carry one of two types: $\heartsuit$, $\spadesuit$. Dormant individual resides in what is called a seed-bank. Active individuals exchange type from seed-bank of their own colony and resample type by choosing parent from the active populations according to a symmetric migration kernel. In den Hollander and Nandan (2021) by using a dual (an interacting coalescing particle system), we showed that the spatial system exhibits a dichotomy between $clustering$ (mono-type equilibrium) and $coexistence$ (multi-type equilibrium). In this paper we identify the domain of attraction for each mono-type equilibrium in the clustering regime for a $fixed$ environment. We also show that when the migration kernel is $recurrent$, for a.e. realization of the environment, the system with an initially $consistent$ type distribution converges weakly to a mono-type equilibrium in which the fixation probability to type-$\heartsuit$ configuration does not depend on the environment. A formula for the fixation probability is given in terms of an annealed average of type-$\heartsuit$ densities in dormant and active population biased by ratio of the two population sizes at the target colony. For the proofs, we use duality and environment seen by particle introduced in Dolgopyat and Goldsheid (2019) for RWRE on a strip. A spectral analysis of Markov operator yields quenched weak convergence of the environment process associated with single-particle dual to a reversible ergodic distribution which we transfer to the spatial system by using duality.
description: 33 pages
Identifying the Event Horizons of Parametrically Deformed Black-Hole Metrics
Creators: name: Heumann, Dirk
name: Psaltis, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advancements in observational techniques have led to new tests of the general relativistic predictions for black-hole spacetimes in the strong-field regime. One of the key ingredients for several tests is a metric that allows for deviations from the Kerr solution but remains free of pathologies outside its event horizon. Existing metrics that have been used in the literature often do not satisfy the null convergence condition that is necessary to apply the strong rigidity theorem and would have allowed us to calculate the location of the event horizon by identifying it with an appropriate Killing horizon. This has led earlier calculations of event horizons of parametrically deformed metrics to either follow numerical techniques or simply search heuristically for coordinate singularities. We show that several of these metrics, almost by construction, are circular. We can, therefore, use the weak rigidity and Carter's rotosurface theorem and calculate algebraically the locations of their event horizons, without relying on expansions or numerical techniques. We apply this approach to a number of parametrically deformed metrics, calculate the locations of their event horizons, and place constraints on the deviation parameters such that the metrics remain regular outside their horizons. We show that calculating the angular velocity of the horizon and the effective gravity there offers new insights into the observational signatures of deformed metrics, such as the sizes and shapes of the predicted black-hole shadows.
Informants Are Not All Equal: Predictors and Correlates of Clinician Judgments About Caregiver and Youth Credibility
Creators: name: De Los Reyes, Andres
name: Feeny, Norah C.
name: Findling, Robert L.
name: Youngstrom, Eric A.
name: Freeman, Andrew J.
name: Youngstrom, Jennifer Kogos
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The objectives of this study were to examine how often clinicians judged youths or caregivers to not be credible informants, to identify the associated features of youth or caregiver credibility, and to examine credibility's impact on the validity of mood and behavior checklists.
Tripling down on the $W$ boson mass
Creators: name: Bahl, Henning
name: Chiu, Wen Han
name: Gao, Christina
name: Wang, Lian-Tao
name: Zhong, Yi-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new precision measurement of the $W$ boson mass has been announced by the CDF collaboration, which strongly deviates from the Standard Model prediction. In this article, we study the implications of this measurement on the parameter space of the $SU(2)_L$ triplet extension (with hypercharge $Y=1$) of the Standard Model Higgs sector, focusing on a limit where the new triplet is approximate $\mathbb{Z}_2$-odd while the SM is $\mathbb{Z}_2$-even. We study the compatibility of the triplet spectrum preferred by the $W$ boson mass measured by the CDF-II experiment with other electroweak precision observables and Higgs precision data. We comprehensively consider the signals of new Higgs states at the LHC and highlighted the promising search channels. In addition, we also investigate the cosmological implications of the case in which the lightest new Higgs particle is either late decaying or cosmologically stable.
description: 59 pages, 10 figures; v2: matches published version
A theoretical calculation of the cosmological constant based on a mechanical model of vacuum
Creators: name: Wang, Xiao-Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lord Kelvin believed that the electromagnetic aether must also generate gravity. Presently, we have no methods to determine the density of the electromagnetic aether, or we say the $Ω(1)$ substratum. Thus, we also suppose that vacuum is filled with another kind of continuously distributed substance, which may be called the $Ω(2)$ substratum. Based on a theorem of V. Fock on the mass tensor of a fluid, the contravariant energy-momentum tensors of the $Ω(1)$ and $Ω(2)$ substrata are established. Quasi-static solutions of the gravitational field equations in vacuum are obtained. Based on an assumption, relationships between the contravariant energy-momentum tensors of the $Ω(1)$ and $Ω(2)$ substrata and the contravariant metric tensor are obtained. Thus, the cosmological constant is calculated theoretically. The $Ω(1)$ and $Ω(2)$ substrata may be a possible candidate of the dark energy. According to the theory of vacuum mechanics, only those energy-momentum tensors of discrete or continuously distributed sinks in the $Ω(0)$ substratum are permitted to act as the source terms in the generalized Einstein's equations. Thus, the zero-point energy of electromagnetic fields is not qualified for a source term in the generalized Einstein's equations. Some people believed that all kinds of energies should act as source terms in the Einstein's equations. It may be this unwarranted belief that leads to the cosmological constant problem. The mass density of the $Ω(1)$ and $Ω(2)$ substrata is equivalent to that of around $3$ protons contained in a box with a volume of $1$ cubic metre.
description: 12 pages, 0 figures,Version 4.0 of REVTeX
Symmetrien, Teilchen und Felder
Creators: name: Aste, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmetries are playing a very prominent role in natural sciences. In mathematics as the language of physics, symmetries are treated within the framework of group theory, which provides the tools to classify natural laws and physical objects like elementary particles. The present work discusses aspects of relativistic quantum field theory as the mathematical theory of particle physics which are relevant for the modern description of elementary particles and their associated fields hitherto considered as fundamental building blocks of the theory. Due to the abstract nature of quantum field theory, these aspects can only be touched by their exemplification within a review.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, Latex, review article in German
Is Caregiver-Adolescent Disagreement Due to Differences in Thresholds for Reporting Manic Symptoms?
Creators: name: Freeman, Megan J.
name: Freeman, Andrew J.
name: Youngstrom, Eric A.
name: Youngstrom, Jennifer Kogos
name: Findling, Robert L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Cross-informant disagreement is common and results in different interpretations of a youth's behavior. Theoretical explanations for discrepancies typically rely on scale level analyses. This article explores whether caregivers and adolescents differ in when they notice and report symptoms of youth mania depending on the severity of overall manic disturbance.
Emergence of mass in the gauge sector of QCD
Creators: name: Papavassiliou, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is widely accepted nowadays that gluons, while massless at the level of the fundamental QCD Lagrangian,acquire an effective mass through the non-Abelian implementation of the classic Schwinger mechanism. The key dynamical ingredient that triggers the onset of this mechanism is the formation of composite massless poles inside the fundamental vertices of the theory. These poles enter in the evolution equation of the gluon propagator, and affect nontrivially the way the Slavnov-Taylor identities of the vertices are resolved,inducing a smoking-gun displacement in the corresponding Ward identities. In this article we present a comprehensive review of the pivotal concepts associated with this dynamical scenario, emphasizing the synergy between functional methods and lattice simulations, and highlighting recent advances that corroborate the action of the Schwinger mechanism in QCD.
description: 45 pages, 13 figures, Minor typos corrected, version to appear in Chinese Physics C
Echoes from backreacting exotic compact objects
Creators: name: Vellucci, Vania
name: Franzin, Edgardo
name: Liberati, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possible detection of echoes in late gravitational-wave signals is the most promising way to test horizonless alternatives to general relativistic black holes, and probe the physics of these hypothetical ultra-compact objects. While there is currently no evidence for the presence of such signatures, better accuracy is expected with the growing wealth of data from gravitational waves observatories. So far, several searches for these specific signals have been performed considering equidistant intervals between consecutive echoes, i.e. quasi-periodic wave-forms, and ignoring possible backreaction effects of the incoming waves. Here we study scalar perturbations in exotic compact object scenarios that account for possible backreaction phenomena. In particular, we find that if one considers the increase of the central object mass due to the partial absorption of the energy carried by the perturbation, the echo signal can be quite different and non-periodic. Apart from this simple scenario, we also consider the case in which, in order to preserve its compactness above the black hole limit, the compact object absorption shuts down in a finite amount of time or leads to an expansion. In both these cases we find interesting new features that should be taken into account in future searches.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Exact $T\bar{T}$-deformation of two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory on the sphere
Creators: name: Griguolo, Luca
name: Panerai, Rodolfo
name: Papalini, Jacopo
name: Seminara, Domenico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the $T\bar{T}$ deformation of two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory at genus zero by carrying out the analysis at the level of its instanton representation. We first focus on the perturbative sector by considering its power expansion in the deformation parameter $μ$. By studying the resulting asymptotic series through resurgence theory, we determine the nonperturbative contributions that enter the result for $μ<0$. We then extend this analysis to any flux sector by solving the relevant flow equation. Specifically, we impose boundary conditions corresponding to two distinct regimes: the quantum undeformed theory and the semiclassical limit of the deformed theory. The full partition function is obtained as a sum over all magnetic fluxes. For any $μ>0$, only a finite portion of the quantum spectrum survives and the partition function reduces to a sum over a finite set of representations. For $μ<0$, nonperturbative contributions regularize the partition function through an intriguing mechanism that generates nontrivial subtractions.
description: 36 pages, 4 figures
Evolutionarily stable strategies of random games, and the vertices of random polygons
Creators: name: Hart, Sergiu
name: Rinott, Yosef
name: Weiss, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 91A22, 60D05 (Primary); 60F99, 52A22 (Secondary)

description: An evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) is an equilibrium strategy that is immune to invasions by rare alternative (``mutant'') strategies. Unlike Nash equilibria, ESS do not always exist in finite games. In this paper we address the question of what happens when the size of the game increases: does an ESS exist for ``almost every large'' game? Letting the entries in the $n\times n$ game matrix be independently randomly chosen according to a distribution $F$, we study the number of ESS with support of size $2.$ In particular, we show that, as $n\to \infty$, the probability of having such an ESS: (i) converges to 1 for distributions $F$ with ``exponential and faster decreasing tails'' (e.g., uniform, normal, exponential); and (ii) converges to $1-1/\sqrt{e}$ for distributions $F$ with ``slower than exponential decreasing tails'' (e.g., lognormal, Pareto, Cauchy). Our results also imply that the expected number of vertices of the convex hull of $n$ random points in the plane converges to infinity for the distributions in (i), and to 4 for the distributions in (ii).
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AAP455 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Atomoxetine Improved Attention in Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Dyslexia in a 16 Week, Acute, Randomized, Double-Blind Trial
Creators: name: Williams, David
name: Shaywitz, Bennett
name: Hooper, Stephen R.
name: Shaywitz, Sally
name: Wietecha, Linda
name: Wigal, Sharon B.
name: Dunn, David
name: McBurnett, Keith
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The purpose of this study was to evaluate atomoxetine treatment effects in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD-only), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with comorbid dyslexia (ADHD+D), or dyslexia only on ADHD core symptoms and on sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT), working memory, life performance, and self-concept.
Nonlinear stability of the two-jet Kolmogorov type flow on the unit sphere under a perturbation with nondissipative part
Creators: name: Miura, Tatsu-Hiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q30, 76D05, 35B35, 35R01

description: We consider the vorticity form of the Navier-Stokes equations on the two-dimensional unit sphere and study the nonlinear stability of the two-jet Kolmogorov type flow which is a stationary solution given by the zonal spherical harmonic function of degree two. In particular, we assume that a perturbation contains a nondissipative part given by a linear combination of the spherical harmonics of degree one and investigate the effect of the nondissipative part on the long-time behavior of the perturbation through the convection term. We show that the nondissipative part of a weak solution to the nonlinear stability problem is preserved in time for all initial data. Moreover, we prove that the dissipative part of the weak solution converges exponentially in time towards an equilibrium which is expressed explicitly in terms of the nondissipative part of the initial data and does not vanish in general. In particular, it turns out that the asymptotic behavior of the weak solution is finally determined by a system of linear ordinary differential equations. To prove these results, we make use of properties of Killing vector fields on a manifold. We also consider the case of a rotating sphere.
description: 24 pages, Abstract revised, Acknowledgments added, References added and updated
Imaging the localization of the quasi-bound states in graphene antidots
Creators: name: Mreńca, Alina
name: Kolasiński, Krzysztof
name: Szafran, Bartłomiej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider charge transport across a finite graphene flake with a circular antidot defined in its center. The flake is connected to thin metallic armchair nanoribbons and the study covers the energy range within the neighborhood of the neutrality point. We solve the scattering problem using the tight-binding Hamiltonian and find that conductance of the system is non-zero only near narrow resonances which are quasi-bound in either the entire cavity or the antidot itself. We demonstrate that the scanning probe technique can be used for the purpose of determination whether the state is localized within the antidot or in the entire cavity. We indicate that the potential of the perturbation shifts the position of the resonances and that the shifts are related to the localization of the scattering probability density. The resonance lifetime can be both decreased or increased as the perturbation introduced by the probe interferes with the current vortices inside the antidot.
The mechanism of coherent radio emission in some classes of pulsar
Creators: name: Jones, P. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio luminosities have been estimated from published data for a well-defined homogeneous set of 29 normal pulsars. The radio-frequency energies per unit charge in the primary accelerated particle beam are given for each pulsar and form a distribution more than two orders of magnitude in width. The values found show that pulsars are extremely efficient generators of radiation below 1 - 10 GHz given the kinematic constraints which are obtained here in the cases of electron-positron and ion-proton plasmas. Our conclusion is that only the ion-proton plasma source is consistent with the spectra of normal and millisecond pulsars and we list and describe the factors which together support this conclusion.
description: 9 pages
Mechanistic framework for reduced-order models in soft materials: Application to three-dimensional granular intrusion
Creators: name: Agarwal, Shashank
name: Goldman, Daniel I
name: Kamrin, Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft materials often display complex behaviors that transition through apparent solid- and fluid-like regimes. While a growing number of microscale simulation methods exist for these materials, reduced-order models that encapsulate the global-scale physics are often desired to predict how external bodies interact with soft media, as occurs in diverse situations from impact and penetration problems to locomotion over natural terrains. This work proposes a systematic program to develop three-dimensional reduced-order models for soft materials from a fundamental basis using continuum symmetries and rheological principles. In particular, we derive a reduced-order technique for modeling intrusion in granular media which we term three-dimensional Resistive Force Theory (3D-RFT), which is capable of accurately and quickly predicting the resistive stress distribution on arbitrary-shaped intruding bodies. Aided by a continuum description of the granular medium, a comprehensive set of spatial symmetry constraints, and a limited amount of reference data, we develop a self-consistent and accurate 3D-RFT. We verify the model capabilities in a wide range of cases and show it can be quickly recalibrated to different media and intruder surface types. The premises leading to 3D-RFT anticipate application to other soft materials with strongly hyperlocalized intrusion behavior.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 1 SI document (12 pages, 8 figures, and 4 tables)