Excavation of the Gibbon Springs Site: A Classic Period Village in the Northeastern Tuson Basin
Creators: name: Slaughter, Mark
name: Roberts, Heidi
Publisher: name: SWCA, Inc. Environmental Consultants
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Arizona Upland Subdivision
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/83821/arizona-upland-subdivision
subject: Sonoran Desert
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2772/sonoran-desert
subject: Tucson Basin
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2758/tucson-basin
subject: Pima (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/7353/pima-county
subject: Tucson, AZ
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/76651/tucson-az
subject: Classic Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/125/classic-period
subject: Rincon Phase
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5632/rincon-phase
subject: Tanque Verde Phase
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/6021/tanque-verde-phase
subject: Mogollon
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/34/mogollon
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/21/hohokam
subject: Huhugam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/8166/huhugam
subject: Archaic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/8/archaic
subject: Gibbon Springs Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/101144/gibbon-springs-site
subject: AZ BB:9:50 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/101143/az-bb950-asm
subject: Cremation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/880/cremation
subject: Inhumation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/947/inhumation
subject: Trash Dump
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/1011/trash-dump
subject: Rock Pile
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/1077/rock-pile
subject: Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/251/domestic-structure-or-architectural-complex
subject: Compound Wall
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/955/compound-wall
subject: Adobe Wall
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/1339/adobe-wall
subject: Settlements
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/252/settlements
subject: Hamlet / Village
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/254/hamlet-village
subject: Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/256/domestic-structures
subject: Adobe House
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/1345/adobe-house
subject: Rock Concentration
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/1291/rock-concentration
subject: Resource Extraction / Production / Transportation Structure or Features
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/272/resource-extraction-production-transportation-structure-or-features
subject: Agricultural or Herding
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/273/agricultural-or-herding
subject: Archaeological Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/339/archaeological-feature
subject: Terrace
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/278/terrace
subject: Hearth
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/343/hearth
subject: Midden
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/347/midden
subject: Check Dam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/1244/check-dam
subject: Stain
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/3356/stain
subject: Trash Midden
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/351/trash-midden
subject: Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/355/pit
subject: Roasting Pit / Oven / Horno
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/357/roasting-pit-oven-horno
subject: Post Hole / Post Mold
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/359/post-hole-post-mold
subject: Rock Alignment
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/360/rock-alignment
subject: Compound
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/746/compound
subject: Plainware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/174/plainware
subject: Tabular Tool
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2734/tabular-tool
subject: Mortar
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/177/mortar
subject: Dragoon Ware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/945/dragoon-ware
subject: Cibola Whiteware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/562/cibola-whiteware
subject: San Simon Red-on-Brown
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2809/san-simon-red-on-brown
subject: Redware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/444/redware
subject: Lapstone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2688/lapstone
subject: Ceramic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1/ceramic
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Fauna
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/4/fauna
subject: Fire Cracked Rock
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/5/fire-cracked-rock
subject: Ground Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/7/ground-stone
subject: Human Remains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/9/human-remains
subject: Brownware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/457/brownware
subject: Core
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2121/core
subject: San Carlos Redware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2825/san-carlos-redware
subject: Macrobotanical
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/10/macrobotanical
subject: Tularosa Black-on-White
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2826/tularosa-black-on-white
subject: Red-on-Brown
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2635/red-on-brown
subject: Pollen
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/13/pollen
subject: Handstone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2637/handstone
subject: Shell
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/14/shell
subject: Textile
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/16/textile
subject: Pestle
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2192/pestle
subject: Bone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/19/bone
subject: Wingfield Plainware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/472/wingfield-plainware
subject: Bone Awl
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2650/bone-awl
subject: Hammerstone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/94/hammerstone
subject: Ax
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2591/ax
subject: Papago Plainware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/800/papago-plainware
subject: Grinding Slab
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1440/grinding-slab
subject: Papago Redware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/801/papago-redware
subject: metate
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/167/metate
subject: Archaeological Overview
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/1/archaeological-overview
subject: Historic Background Research
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/18/historic-background-research
subject: Architectural Survey
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/2/architectural-survey
subject: Data Recovery / Excavation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/5/data-recovery-excavation
subject: Records Search / Inventory Checking
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/8/records-search-inventory-checking
subject: Research Design / Data Recovery Plan
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/9/research-design-data-recovery-plan
subject: Site Evaluation / Testing
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/10/site-evaluation-testing

description: This volume summarizes data recovered from the Gibbon Springs site, AZ BB:9:50 (ASM), located in the northeastern Tucson Basin. This large Classic period site had a central compound surrounded by houses. Data and materials were obtained from 24 structures and hundreds of other features (e.g., pits, cremations, middens). Materials from Gibbon Springs suggest that either a non-indigenous population inhabited the site or there was another social arrangement between the Tucson Basin Hohokam and prehistoric peoples from the San Pedro Valley (such as through intermarriage). Evidence of this contact comes from ceramics and structures. During the Classic period, social systems changed and the conflict and interaction between groups increased. Gibbon Springs was founded and abandoned during these times by peoples who migrated to the site and formed a new village in an area void of other settlements. Perhaps the most important discovery was tree-ring-datable wood artifacts. Cutting-dates (A.D. 1247 and 1249) were identified from two of the samples. Gibbon Springs, and its sister site of Whiptail Ruin, yielded the first reported tree-ring dates from the southern desert regions of the Southwest.