cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multiscale analysis of the particles on demand kinetic model
Creators: name: Reyhanian, Ehsan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a thorough investigation of the particles on demand kinetic model. After a brief introduction of the method, an appropriate multiscale analysis is carried out to derive the hydrodynamic limit of the model. In this analysis, the effect of the time-space dependent comoving reference frames are taken into account. This could be regarded as a generalization of the conventional Chapman-Enskog analysis applied to the lattice Boltzmann models which feature global constant reference frames. Further simulations of target benchmarks provide numerical evidence confirming the theoretical predictions.
Beyond Browsing and Reading: The Open Work of Digital Scholarly Editions
Creators: name: Saklofske, Jon
name: Bruce, Jake
name: Team, INKE
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2022
Subjects: Digital humanities

description:
INKE’s Modelling and Prototyping Team is currently motivated by the following research questions: How do we model and enable context within the electronic scholarly edition? And how do we engage knowledge-building communities and capture process, dialogue, and connections in and around the electronic scholarly edition? NewRadial is a prototype scholarly edition environment developed to address such queries. It argues for the unification of primary texts, secondary scholarship, and related knowledge communities, and re-presents the digital scholarly edition as a social edition — an open work and shared space where users collaboratively explore, sort, group, annotate, and contribute to secondary scholarship creation.
Numerical Approximation of Partial Differential Equations by a Variable Projection Method with Artificial Neural Networks
Creators: name: Dong, Suchuan
name: Yang, Jielin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method for solving linear and nonlinear PDEs based on the variable projection (VarPro) framework and artificial neural networks (ANN). For linear PDEs, enforcing the boundary/initial value problem on the collocation points leads to a separable nonlinear least squares problem about the network coefficients. We reformulate this problem by the VarPro approach to eliminate the linear output-layer coefficients, leading to a reduced problem about the hidden-layer coefficients only. The reduced problem is solved first by the nonlinear least squares method to determine the hidden-layer coefficients, and then the output-layer coefficients are computed by the linear least squares method. For nonlinear PDEs, enforcing the boundary/initial value problem on the collocation points leads to a nonlinear least squares problem that is not separable, which precludes the VarPro strategy for such problems. To enable the VarPro approach for nonlinear PDEs, we first linearize the problem with a Newton iteration, using a particular form of linearization. The linearized system is solved by the VarPro framework together with ANNs. Upon convergence of the Newton iteration, the network coefficients provide the representation of the solution field to the original nonlinear problem. We present ample numerical examples with linear and nonlinear PDEs to demonstrate the performance of the method herein. For smooth field solutions, the errors of the current method decrease exponentially as the number of collocation points or the number of output-layer coefficients increases. We compare the current method with the ELM method from a previous work. Under identical conditions and network configurations, the current method exhibits an accuracy significantly superior to the ELM method.
description: 35 pages, 18 figures, 10 tables
Text Analysis and the Dynamic Edition? A Working Paper, Briefly Articulating Some Concerns with an Algorithmic Approach to the Electronic Scholarly Edition
Creators: name: Siemens, Ray
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2021
Subjects: Digital Humanities

description:
Those who work in my specific area of inquiry, English Renaissance literature, and those who worked in literary text analysis in the early 1990s, may recall a largish review article from that time by Whitney Bolton, published in the journal Computers and the Humanities. Entitled “The Bard in Bits: Electronic Editions of Shakespeare and Programs to Analyse Them” (Bolton, 1990) it was in many ways a tour-de-force for the community that was interested in literary studies of the period and textual analysis; the article documented what was then (as it is now) a very fertile area, rife with discussion of a good number of encoded texts – most derived from accepted scholarly editions or prepared to accepted standards for scholarly editing and transcription – and good mention of what, then, was felt to be the natural companion to such electronic texts: useful, integrated text analysis software.
Assembling Auras: Towards a Methodology for the Preservation and Study of Video Games as Cultural Heritage Artefacts
Creators: name: Guay-Bélanger, Dany
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2022
Subjects: Video game preservation

description:
Video games, while a digital art, live on physical media. Whether cartridge, magnetic tape or floppy disk, they degrade. Without care and study, they disappear and cannot be played again. While it might be possible to preserve play using emulation or video captures, scholars need to consider every option at their disposal to preserve video games for future study. This includes securing original versions of games and ephemera, recording play, interviewing game creators, and players, and much more. This article develops a new approach to conceptualise video games as material and cultural heritage, and proposes a methodology for their study, especially those for which there is no original version left.
Utilization of Family Planning Services in Africa’s Most Populous Nation, are we at a tipping point
Creators: name: Orjingene, Obinna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111404 Reproduction
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology

description: Background
 Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa, with a population growth rate of 2.53 percent, one of the highest contributors to the global maternal and new born deaths burden. Family planning service utilization has remained low despite efforts by development partners and the government. Hence, the need to examine the utilization of family planning services in order to understand regional preferences, trends, patterns, and utilization associated factors such as accessibility and availability of the services to the populace.
 Methodology
 Critical analysis regarding the utilization of family planning in Nigeria was used with source data from NDHS 2003, 2008, 2013, and 2018 and DHIS2. The analysis focused on the utilization of family planning services and most utilized family planning options.
 Finding
 Contraceptive use among women of reproductive age is generally higher in the northern region than in the southern region. A five-year trend in the utilization of family planning services by women of reproductive age is showed a slightly declining trend in the utilization of family planning services by women of reproductive age in the country.Injectables and implants were married women’s most utilized family planning options. As reported by health facilities, utilization of family planning services in 2021 showed that condoms and implants were the most utilized family planning options.
 Conclusion The findings urge the need to intensify sensitization among the rural populace on the benefits of family planning, improve female literacy and empowerment, and make easily accessible family planning services and commodities.
The VMC survey -- XLV. Proper motion of the outer LMC and the impact of the SMC
Creators: name: Schmidt, Thomas
name: Cioni, Maria-Rosa L.
name: Niederhofer, Florian
name: Bekki, Kenji
name: Bell, Cameron P. M.
name: de Grijs, Richard
name: Youssoufi, Dalal El
name: Ivanov, Valentin D.
name: Oliveira, Joana M.
name: Ripepi, Vincenzo
name: van Loon, Jacco Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is the most luminous satellite galaxy of the Milky Way and owing to its companion, the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), represents an excellent laboratory to study the interaction of dwarf galaxies. The aim of this study is to investigate the kinematics of the outer regions of the LMC by using stellar proper motions to understand the impact of interactions, e.g. with the SMC about 250 Myr ago. {We calculate proper motions using multi-epoch $K_\mathrm{s}$-band images from the VISTA survey of the Magellanic Clouds system (VMC). Observations span a time baseline of 2$-$5 yr. We combine the VMC data with data from the Gaia early Data Release 3 and introduce a new method to distinguish between Magellanic and Milky Way stars based on a machine learning algorithm. This new technique enables a larger and cleaner sample selection of fainter sources as it reaches below the red clump of the LMC. We investigate the impact of the SMC on the rotational field of the LMC and find hints of stripped SMC debris. The south east region of the LMC shows a slow rotational speed compared to the overall rotation. $N$-body simulations suggest that this could be caused by a fraction of stripped SMC stars, located in that particular region, that move opposite to the expected rotation.
description: 21 pages, 21 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Strange metallicity of moiré twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Sarma, Sankar Das
name: Wu, Fengcheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent measurements in several different laboratories report the observation of an approximately linear-in-temperature resistivity with a large twist-angle-dependent slope (or temperature coefficient) in moiré twisted bilayer graphene (tBLG) down to a few K and sometimes to much lower temperatures. In this note, we theoretically discuss this `strange metal' linear-in-temperature transport behavior from the perspective of resistive scattering by acoustic phonons, emphasizing the aspects of the transport data, which are and which are not consistent with the phonon scattering mechanism. Extensive theoretical comparison with a new experiment [A. Jaoui et al., Nature Physics 18, 633 (2022)] is the central new aspect of this work.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
title:  L’État et le basculement du système politique communautaire irakien
Creators: name: Quesnay, Arthur
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: Attraverso la crisi del sistema politico comunitario post-2003 in Iraq, questo articolo mostra come le strategie degli attori iracheni si dispiegano prima di tutto in rapporto allo Stato e per la sua intermediazione, utilizzando largamente il suo apparato istituzionale e amministrativo per operare nel conflitto. Anche se la banalizzazione della violenza ridefinisce il rapporto allo Stato, quest’ultimo resta la principale posta in gioco del conflitto, il che finisce per smentire una analisi unicamente weberiana del funzionamento delle sue istituzioni.
description: Vers un nouveau Moyen-Orient? États arabes en crise entre logiques de division et sociétés civiles
Improving INTEGRAL/SPI data analysis of GRBs
Creators: name: Biltzinger, Björn
name: Greiner, Jochen
name: Burgess, J. Michael
name: Siegert, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: INTEGRAL/SPI is a coded mask instrument observing since 2002 in the keV to MeV energy range, which covers the peak of the $νFν$ spectrum of most Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). Since its launch in 2008, Fermi/GBM has been the primary instrument for analyzing GRBs in the energy range between $\approx$ 10 keV to $\approx$ 10 MeV. Herein, we show that SPI, covering a similar energy range, can give equivalently constraining results for some parameters if we use an advanced analysis method. Also, combining the data of both instruments reduces the allowed parameter space in spectral fits. The main advantage of SPI as compared to GBM is the energy resolution of $\approx$ 0.2\% at 1.3 MeV compared to $\approx$ 10\% for GBM. Therefore, SPI is an ideal instrument to precisely measure the curvature of the spectrum. This is important, as it has been shown in recent years that physical models rather than heuristic functions should be fit to GRB data to obtain better insights into their still unknown emission mechanism, and the curvature of the peak is unique to the different physical models. To fit physical models to SPI GRB data and get the maximal amount of information from the data, we developed a new open source analysis software {\tt PySPI}. We apply these new techniques to GRB 120711A in order to validate and showcase {\tt PySPI}'s capabilities. We show that {\tt PySPI} improves the analysis of SPI GRB data compared to the {\tt OSA} analysis. In addition, we demonstrate that the GBM and the SPI data of this GRB can be fitted well with a physical synchrotron model. This evinces that SPI can play an important role in GRB spectral model fitting.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures, Accepted by A&A
Aligning Social Media Indicators with the Documents in an Open Access Repository
Creators: name: Meneses, Luis
name: Arbuckle, Alyssa
name: Lopez, Hector
name: Moa, Belaid
name: Furuta, Richard
name: Siemens, Ray
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2021
Subjects: Digital Humanities

description:
In this paper we describe our current efforts towards building a framework that extends the functionality of an Open Access Repository by implementing processes to incorporate the ongoing trends in social media into the context of a digital collection. We refer to these processes collectively as the Social Media Engine. The purpose of our framework is twofold: first, we propose to challenge some of the preconceived notions of digital libraries by making repositories more dynamic; and second, by challenging this notion we want to promote public engagement and open scholarship. As a work in progress, we believe that a real challenge lies in investigating the implications that these two points introduce within the context of the humanities.
Additional file 3 of The burden of legionnaires’ disease in Belgium, 2013 to 2017
Creators: name: Fastl, Christina
name: Devleesschauwer, Brecht
name: Cauteren, Dieter Van
name: Lajot, Adrien
name: Leroy, Mathias
name: Laisnez, Valeska
name: Schirvel, Carole
name: Mahieu, Romain
name: Pierard, Denis
name: Michel, Charlotte
name: Jacquinet, Stéphanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Additional information about the data sources used.
Global Dipole Symmetry, Compact Lifshitz Theory, Tensor Gauge Theory, and Fractons
Creators: name: Gorantla, Pranay
name: Lam, Ho Tat
name: Seiberg, Nathan
name: Shao, Shu-Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study field theories with global dipole symmetries and gauge dipole symmetries. The famous Lifshitz theory is an example of a theory with a global dipole symmetry. We study in detail its 1+1d version with a compact field. When this global symmetry is promoted to a $U(1)$ dipole gauge symmetry, the corresponding gauge field is a tensor gauge field. This theory is known to lead to fractons. In order to resolve various subtleties in the precise meaning of these global or gauge symmetries, we place these 1+1d theories on a lattice and then take the continuum limit. Interestingly, the continuum limit is not unique. Different limits lead to different continuum theories, whose operators, defects, global symmetries, etc. are different. We also consider a lattice gauge theory with a $\mathbb Z_N$ dipole gauge group. Surprisingly, several physical observables, such as the ground state degeneracy and the mobility of defects depend sensitively on the number of sites in the lattice. Our analysis forces us to think carefully about global symmetries that do not act on the standard Hilbert space of the theory, but only on the Hilbert space in the presence of defects. We refer to them as time-like global symmetries and discuss them in detail. These time-like global symmetries allow us to phrase the mobility restrictions of defects (including those of fractons) as a consequence of a global symmetry.
description: 88+1 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables
Additional file 1 of The burden of legionnaires’ disease in Belgium, 2013 to 2017
Creators: name: Fastl, Christina
name: Devleesschauwer, Brecht
name: Cauteren, Dieter Van
name: Lajot, Adrien
name: Leroy, Mathias
name: Laisnez, Valeska
name: Schirvel, Carole
name: Mahieu, Romain
name: Pierard, Denis
name: Michel, Charlotte
name: Jacquinet, Stéphanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Model input and description of the steps to account for the underestimation of the true incidence of Legionnaires’ disease in Belgium, 2017.
ACH / ALLC 2005 Conference Abstracts (2nd Edition)
Creators: name: Centre, Humanities
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Humanities
subject: FOS: Humanities

description:
To those of you reading this on arriving in Victoria for the ACH/ALLC 2005conferencea warm west coast welcome. While you’re here, we hope you will enjoy our campus, the city of Victoria, and the enormous natural bounties of this region. The presentations in this volume — more numerous than at previous conferences, we are told — are ample testimony to the range, depth, and frontline significance of what humanists and their colleagues are achieving with computers. The promise of how much more is to come also resonates through these pages.
Additional file 2 of Evaluation of neurofilament light chain in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood as a biomarker for neuronal damage in experimental pneumococcal meningitis
Creators: name: Le, Ngoc Dung
name: Muri, Lukas
name: Grandgirard, Denis
name: Kuhle, Jens
name: Leppert, David
name: Leib, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. IL-1β significantly correlated with MMP-9 at 18 hpi (p=0.04, r=0.5126; n=17) (A), but showed only a trend at 42 hpi (p=0.07, r=0.3940; n=22) (B).
Anomalous Elasticity in Classical Glass-formers
Creators: name: Kumar, Avanish
name: Moshe, Michael
name: Procaccia, Itamar
name: Singh, Murari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Amorphous solids under mechanical strains are prone to plastic responses. Recent work showed that in amorphous granular system these plastic events, that are typically quadrupolar in nature, can screen the elastic response. When the density of the quadrupoles is high, the gradients of the quadrupole field act as emergent dipole sources, leading to qualitative changes in the mechanical response, as seen for example in the displacement field. In this paper we examine the effect of screening in classical glass formers. These are made of point particles that interact via binary forces. Both inverse power law forces and Lennard-Jones interactions are examined, and it is shown that in both cases the elastic response can be strongly screened, in agreement with the novel theory. The degree of deviation from classical elasticity theory is parameterized by a proposed new measure that is shown to have a functional dependence of on the amount of energy lost to plastic responses.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2111.11198
Additional file 5 of The burden of legionnaires’ disease in Belgium, 2013 to 2017
Creators: name: Fastl, Christina
name: Devleesschauwer, Brecht
name: Cauteren, Dieter Van
name: Lajot, Adrien
name: Leroy, Mathias
name: Laisnez, Valeska
name: Schirvel, Carole
name: Mahieu, Romain
name: Pierard, Denis
name: Michel, Charlotte
name: Jacquinet, Stéphanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5. R Script of the Monte Carlo simulations to account for uncertainty in the estimation of the true burden of Legionnaires’ disease in Belgium, 2017.
Massive Black Hole Binaries from the TNG50-3 Simulation: I. Coalescence and LISA Detection Rates
Creators: name: Li, Kunyang
name: Bogdanović, Tamara
name: Ballantyne, David R.
name: Bonetti, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the cosmological coalescence and detection rates for massive black hole (MBH) binaries targeted by the gravitational wave observatory Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). Our calculation starts with a population of gravitationally unbound MBH pairs, drawn from the TNG50-3 cosmological simulation, and follows their orbital evolution from kpc scales all the way to coalescence using a semi-analytic model developed in our previous work. We find that for a majority of MBH pairs that coalesce within a Hubble time dynamical friction is the most important mechanism that determines their coalescence rate. Our model predicts a MBH coalescence rate < 0.45/ yr and a LISA detection rate < 0.34/ yr. Most LISA detections should originate from 10^6 - 10^6.8 solar masses MBHs in gas-rich galaxies at redshifts 1.6 < z < 2.4, and have a characteristic signal to noise ratio SNR ~ 100. We however find a dramatic reduction in the coalescence and detection rates, as well as the average SNR, if the effects of radiative feedback from accreting MBHs are taken into account. In this case, the MBH coalescence rate is reduced by 78% (to < 0.1/ yr), and the LISA detection rate is reduced by 94% (to 0.02/ yr), whereas the average SNR is ~ 10. We emphasize that our model provides a lower limit on the LISA detection rate, consistent with other works in the literature that draw their MBH pairs from cosmological simulations.
description: Accepted to ApJ, 20 pages, 10 figures
A Tale of Two Cities: Implications of the Similarities and Differences in Collaborative Approaches within the Digital Libraries and Digital Humanities Communities
Creators: name: Siemens, Lynne
name: Cunningham, Richard
name: Duff, Wendy
name: Warwick, Claire
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2022
Subjects: Digital humanities

description:
In addition to drawing upon content experts, librarians, archivists, developers, programmers, managers, and others, many emerging digital projects also pull in disciplinary expertise from areas that do not typically work in team environments. To be effective, these teams must find processes-some of which are counter to natural individually oriented work habits-which support the larger goals and group-oriented work of these digital projects. This article will explore the similarities and differences in approaches within and between members of the Digital Libraries (DL) and Digital Humanities (DH) communities by formally documenting the nature of collaboration in these teams. While there are many similarities in approaches between DL and DH project teams, some interesting differences exist and may influence the effectiveness of a digital project team with membership that draws from these two communities. Conclusions are focused on supporting strong team processes with recommendations for documentation, communication, training, and the development of team skills and perspectives.
Additional file 1 of The awareness, visibility and support for young carers across Europe: a Delphi study
Creators: name: Nap, Henk Herman
name: Hoefman, Renske
name: Jong, Nynke De
name: Lovink, Lieke
name: Glimmerveen, Ludo
name: Feylyn Lewis
name: Santini, Sara
name: D’Amen, Barbara
name: Socci, Marco
name: Boccaletti, Licia
name: Casu, Giulia
name: Manattini, Alessandra
name: Brolin, Rosita
name: Sirk, Karina
name: Hlebec, Valentina
name: Rakar, Tatjana
name: Tjasa Hudobivnik
name: Leu, Agnes
name: Berger, Fabian
name: Magnusson, Lennart
name: Hanson, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. ME-WE interview guide of round 1 in English, The interview guide that was used during the first round of the Delphi study.
Inversion of the chemical environment representations
Creators: name: Cobelli, Matteo
name: Cahalane, Paddy
name: Sanvito, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine-learning generative methods for material design are constructed by representing a given chemical structure, either a solid or a molecule, over appropriate atomic features, generally called structural descriptors. These must be fully descriptive of the system, must facilitate the training process and must be invertible, so that one can extract the atomic configurations corresponding to the output of the model. In general, this last requirement is not automatically satisfied by the most efficient structural descriptors, namely the representation is not directly invertible. Such drawback severely limits our freedom of choice in selecting the most appropriate descriptors for the problem, and thus our flexibility to construct generative models. In this work, we present a general optimization method capable of inverting any local many-body descriptor of the chemical environment, back to a cartesian representation. The algorithm is then implemented together with the bispectrum representation of the local structure and demonstrated for a number of molecules. The scheme presented here, thus, represents a general approach to the inversion of structural descriptors, enabling the construction of efficient structural generative models.
On Finslerian extension of special relativity
Creators: name: Sagaydak, Alina E.
name: Silagadze, Zurab K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that Robb-Geroch's definition of a relativistic interval admits a simple and fairly natural generalization leading to a Finsler extension of special relativity. Another justification for such an extension goes back to the works of Lalan and Alway and, finally, was put on a solid basis and systematically investigated by Bogoslovsky under the name "Special-relativistic theory of locally anisotropic space-time". The isometry group of this space-time, $\mathrm{DISIM}_b(2)$, is a deformation of the Cohen and Glashow's very special relativity symmetry group $\mathrm{ISIM(2)}$. Thus, the deformation parameter b can be regarded as an analog of the cosmological constant characterizing the deformation of the Poincare group into the de Sitter (anti-de Sitter) group. The simplicity and naturalness of Finslerian extension in the context of this article adds weight to the argument that the possibility of a nonzero value of $b$ should be carefully considered.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, version to be published in Modern Physics Letters A
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of neurofilament light chain in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood as a biomarker for neuronal damage in experimental pneumococcal meningitis
Creators: name: Le, Ngoc Dung
name: Muri, Lukas
name: Grandgirard, Denis
name: Kuhle, Jens
name: Leppert, David
name: Leib, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. At 18 hpi, inflammatory cytokines – TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β – correlated with each other (n=17).
Hydrodynamics of Collisions and Close Encounters between Stellar Black Holes and Main-sequence Stars
Creators: name: Kremer, Kyle
name: Lombardi, James C.
name: Lu, Wenbin
name: Piro, Anthony L.
name: Rasio, Frederic A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent analyses have shown that close encounters between stars and stellar black holes occur frequently in dense star clusters. Depending upon the distance at closest approach, these interactions can lead to dissipating encounters such as tidal captures and disruptions, or direct physical collisions, all of which may be accompanied by bright electromagnetic transients. In this study, we perform a wide range of hydrodynamic simulations of close encounters between black holes and main-sequence stars that collectively cover the parameter space of interest, and we identify and classify the various possible outcomes. In the case of nearly head-on collisions, the star is completely disrupted with roughly half of the stellar material becoming bound to the black hole. For more distant encounters near the classical tidal-disruption radius, the star is only partially disrupted on the first pericenter passage. Depending upon the interaction details, the partially disrupted stellar remnant may be tidally captured by the black hole or become unbound (in some cases, receiving a sufficiently large impulsive kick from asymmetric mass loss to be ejected from its host cluster). In the former case, the star will undergo additional pericenter passages before ultimately being disrupted fully. Based on the properties of the material bound to the black hole at the end of our simulations (in particular, the total bound mass and angular momentum), we comment upon the expected accretion process and associated electromagnetic signatures that are likely to result.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
A New Humanism? Toward a Reconsideration of the Ideals and Pragmatics Shaping Electronic Scholarly Publication in the Arts Today
Creators: name: Siemens, Ray
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2021
Subjects: Digital Humanities

description:
In a way that other papers in this volume are not, the focus of this paper is situated temporally and, to a lesser extent, geographically and personally. It is temporally fixed in that it addresses a concern at a precise moment in the development of electronic scholarly publishing in the Humanities and, more specifically, the development of the electronic journal. It is geographically located as it refers chiefly, though not exclusively, to policies and events centred in North America, with the author's chief point of reference being that of Canada. Lastly, it is situated personally in that, though it surveys some developments which have affected and will affect scholarly publishing in the electronic medium, it draws largely on what has been my own encounter with the pragmatic necessities of being an editor of an electronic journal and on experiences that others facing similar pragmatics have shared with me.
Social Media Engine: Extending our Methodology into other Objects of Scholarship
Creators: name: Meneses, Luis
name: Arbuckle, Alyssa
name: Lopez, Hector
name: Moa, Belaid
name: Siemens, Ray
name: Furuta, Richard
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2021
Subjects: Digital Humanities

description:
In this paper we describe our efforts towards building a framework that extends the functionality of an Open Access Repository by implementing processes that integrate the ongoing trends in social media into the context of a digital collection—while taking into account the potential of social media, the relevance of open infrastructures and the accessibility of open knowledge. We refer to these processes collectively as the Social Media Engine. The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, we propose to challenge some of the preconceived notions of digital libraries by making repositories more dynamic; and second, by challenging this notion we want to promote public engagement and open scholarship. As a work in progress, we believe that a real challenge lies in emphasizing the connections between documents that can be treated as objects of study as well.
The velocity structure of the intracluster medium during a major merger: simulated microcalorimeter observations
Creators: name: Biffi, Veronica
name: ZuHone, John A.
name: Mroczkowski, Tony
name: Bulbul, Esra
name: Forman, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Major mergers between galaxy clusters can produce large turbulent and bulk flow velocities in the intra-cluster medium and thus imprint diagnostic features in X-ray spectral emission lines from heavy ions. As demonstrated by Hitomi in observations of the Perseus cluster, measurements of gas velocities in clusters from high-resolution X-ray spectra will be achievable with upcoming X-ray calorimeters like those on board XRISM, Athena, or a Lynx like mission. We investigate this possibility for interesting locations across a major cluster merger from a hydrodynamical simulation, via X-ray synthetic spectra with a few eV energy resolution. We observe the system from directions perpendicular to the plane of the merger and along the merger axis. In these extreme geometrical configurations, we find clear non-Gaussian shapes of the iron He-like K_alpha line at 6.7keV. The velocity dispersion predicted from the simulations can be retrieved for the brightest 100ks pointings with XRISM Resolve, despite some discrepancy related to the complex non-Gaussian line shapes. Measurements in faint regions require however high S/N and the larger collecting area of the Athena X-IFU calorimeter is thus needed. With the latter, we also investigate the gas temperature and velocity gradient across the merger bow shock edge, from 20"-wide annuli extracted from a single 1Ms X-IFU pointing. We find best-fit temperature and velocity dispersion values that are consistent with predictions from the simulations within 1-sigma, but the uncertainties on the inferred velocity dispersion are too large to place any stringent constraints on the shallow gradient downstream of the shock. We also present simulated images of the thermal and kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effects, using the above viewing configurations, and compare the results at angular resolutions appropriate for future observatories such as CMB-S4 and AtLAST.
description: 22 pages, 18 figures, re-submitted after minor revision following referee report
Additional file 2 of The awareness, visibility and support for young carers across Europe: a Delphi study
Creators: name: Nap, Henk Herman
name: Hoefman, Renske
name: Jong, Nynke De
name: Lovink, Lieke
name: Glimmerveen, Ludo
name: Feylyn Lewis
name: Santini, Sara
name: D’Amen, Barbara
name: Socci, Marco
name: Boccaletti, Licia
name: Casu, Giulia
name: Manattini, Alessandra
name: Brolin, Rosita
name: Sirk, Karina
name: Hlebec, Valentina
name: Rakar, Tatjana
name: Tjasa Hudobivnik
name: Leu, Agnes
name: Berger, Fabian
name: Magnusson, Lennart
name: Hanson, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. ME-WE interview guide of round 2 used in the UK, The summary of the results from the first round; 1. General results first round (per topic), 2. Country specific results, and 3. In-depth results from the country where the interview took place (this case UK). After every section, questions where added for the experts.
A Hole in the Wall: The Potential of Persistent Video-enabled Communication Channels to Facilitate Collaboration in Dispersed Teams
Creators: name: Siemens, Lynne
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2021
Subjects: Digital Humanities

description:
With advances in telecommunications and information technology, collaborations and teamwork are no longer bound by geography. However, challenges stemming from distance must be managed to ensure that teams work together successfully. One of the primary challenges is finding ways to facilitate communication and coordination across distance and time. Skype, Zoom, and other internet-enabled tools provide some potential to accomplish this; however, relatively few studies have been completed on the best ways to use a continuously open communication channel to facilitate teamwork within a geographically dispersed collaboration. This study contributes to this discussion by examining the use of such a channel by a dispersed lab. While this paper suggests the potential for similar collaborations, open audio and video communication channels can create the sense of social presence by reminding members that they are part of larger efforts, even when working at a distance. It managed to do so while addressing concerns of privacy and a potential for surveillance culture. These tools also complement the other well-established online ones as well as face-to-face meetings for project coordination and decision-making.
Propagation and excitation properties of nonlinear surface plasmon polaritons in a rectangular barrier
Creators: name: Tian, Xiangchun
name: Zhang, Yundong
name: Duan, Yu
name: Zhou, Yong
name: Tan, Chaohua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme to study the nonlinear propagation properties of nonlinear surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in a three level $Λ$ type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) system with modulation of a rectangular barrier. Based on the multi scale method, the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) describing nonlinear propagation of SPPs is derived, and the rectangular barrier affecting propagation of nonlinear SPPs is provided by an off-resonance Stark field. For the single nonlinear SPPs incident case, by adjusting the height and half width of the barrier, we can realize transmission, trapping and reflection of the nonlinear SPPs. For two nonlinear SPPs symmetrical incident case, we find that a periodic intensity distribution in transverse direction mode can be excited in the rectangular barrier, and we study the relationship between propagation properties of such excited modes in the barrier with nonlinearity, half width of the barrier and phase difference of the initial nonlinear SPPs. In addition, we design an optical switch of nonlinear SPPs based on the above results. The results obtained here not only provide a theoretical basis for the study of the interaction between nonlinear SPPs and external potentials, but also have broad application prospects in the field of optical information at micro/nano scale.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures
Optimization and implementation of a surface-electrode ion trap junction
Creators: name: Zhang, Chi
name: Mehta, Karan K
name: Home, Jonathan P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the design of a surface-electrode ion trap junction, which is a key element for large-scale ion trap arrays. A bi-objective optimization method is used for designing the electrodes, which maintains the total pseudo-potential curvature while minimizing the axial pseudo-potential gradient along the ion transport path. To facilitate the laser beam delivery for parallel operations in multiple trap zones, we implemented integrated optics on each arm of this X-junction trap. The layout of the trap chip for commercial foundry fabrication is presented. This work suggests routes to improving ion trap junction performance in scalable implementations. Together with integrated optical addressing, this contributes to modular trapped-ion quantum computing in interconnected 2-dimensional arrays.
description: 29 pages, 14 figures
A fly in the ointment: Exploring the creative relationship between William Blake and Thomas Gray
Creators: name: Saklofske, Jon
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Humanities
subject: FOS: Humanities

description:
Between 1797 and 1799, William Blake added illustrations and poetic commentary to the poetry of Thomas Gray and presented the composite collaboration to the wife of his friend and supporter, John Flaxman. Although he was largely dependent on such friends for his commissioned work during this time,1 these were productive years for Blake overall: in 1797 he had completed 537 designs for Edward Young's ‘Night Thoughts’, 43 of which were selected to be engraved for a publication that, although financially unsuccessful, would become one of the artistic works by which Blake was chiefly known to his contemporaries. In contrast, Blake's Gray illustrations, a private commission to the Flaxmans, were nearly lost and, following their rediscovery in 1979, remained unpublished until 1922. Although critical interest in the Gray illustrations has slightly increased in the 30 years following the 1971 publication of the full-colour Trianon Press edition and of Irene Tayler's critical volume, these 116 designs are often only briefly considered or mentioned in Blake criticism and remain largely unexplored. This is unfortunate, for not only are the designs excellent examples for those who wish to explore the dynamics of Blake's temporally and methodologically staggered collaborations, but Blake's small textual additions to the Gray volume crucially hint at his own perceptions of the function of illustration.
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension and spinal CSF leak
Creators: name: Naval BaudÃ­N, Pablo
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Fistula

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: male, 67 years
description: Clinical History: 67 year old female presenting with headache, neck pain, double vision and nausea, worsening over several months. Final Diagnosis: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension with spinal CSF leak
Characteristics of Effective Dark Matter in Nonlocal Gravity
Creators: name: Roshan, Mahmood
name: Mashhoon, Bahram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlocal gravity (NLG) is a classical nonlocal generalization of Einstein's theory of gravitation that has been constructed in close analogy with the nonlocal electrodynamics of media. According to NLG, what appears as dark matter in astrophysics and cosmology is in reality the nonlocal aspect of the universal gravitational interaction. We focus here on two main features of the effective dark matter in NLG, namely, (a) the density of effective dark matter in NLG is always finite and therefore cusp-free, and (b) there is less effective dark matter in dwarf galaxies than is generally assumed in the standard particle dark matter paradigm. The corresponding astrophysical implications of NLG in connection with three ultra-diffuse galaxies AGC 114905, 242019, and 219533 are discussed.
description: Comments: 25 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; v2: subsections added to section V, presentation improved; v3: amended version to appear in ApJ
Data from: Neuroanatomy of the mekosuchine crocodylian Trilophosuchus rackhami Willis, 1993
Creators: name: Ristevski, Jorgo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Trilophosuchus
Crocodylomorpha
Crocodylia
Mekosuchinae
palaeoneurology
neuroanatomy

description: Although our knowledge on crocodylomorph palaeoneurology has experienced considerable growth in recent years, the neuroanatomy of many crocodylomorph taxa has yet to be studied. This is true for Australian taxa, where thus far only two crocodylian crocodylomorphs have had aspects of their neuroanatomy explored. Here, the neuroanatomy of the Australian mekosuchine crocodylian Trilophosuchus rackhami is described for the first time, which significantly increases our understanding on the palaeoneurology of Australian crocodylians. The palaeoneurological description is based on the taxon's holotype specimen (QMF16856), which was subjected to a µCT scan. Because of the exceptional preservation of QMF16856, most neuroanatomical elements could be digitally reconstructed and described in detail. Therefore, the palaeoneurological assessment presented here is hitherto the most in-depth study of this kind for an extinct Australian crocodylomorph. Trilophosuchus rackhami has a brain endocast with a distinctive morphology that is characterized by an acute dural peak over the hindbrain region. While the overall morphology of the brain endocast is unique to T. rackhami, it does share certain similarities with the notosuchian crocodyliforms Araripesuchus wegeneri and Sebecus icaeorhinus. The endosseous labyrinth displays a morphology that is typical for crocodylians, although a stand-out feature is the unusually tall common crus. Indeed, the common crus of T. rackhami has one of the greatest height ratios among crocodylomorphs with currently known endosseous labyrinths. The paratympanic pneumatic system of T. rackhami is greatly developed and most similar to those of the extant crocodylians Osteolaemus tetraspis and Paleosuchus palpebrosus. The observations on the neuroanatomy of T. rackhami are also discussed in the context of Crocodylomorpha. The comparative palaeoneurology reinforces previous evaluations that the neuroanatomy of crocodylomorphs is complex and diverse among species, and T. rackhami has a peculiar neuromorphology, particularly among eusuchian crocodyliforms.