cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analytical Models of the Performance of IEEE 802.11p Vehicle to Vehicle Communications
Creators: name: Sepulcre, Miguel
name: Gonzalez-Martin, Manuel
name: Gozalvez, Javier
name: Molina-Masegosa, Rafael
name: Coll-Perales, Baldomero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The critical nature of vehicular communications requires their extensive testing and evaluation. Analytical models can represent an attractive and cost-effective approach for such evaluation if they can adequately model all underlying effects that impact the performance of vehicular communications. Several analytical models have been proposed to date to model vehicular communications based on the IEEE 802.11p (or DSRC) standard. However, existing models normally model in detail the MAC (Medium Access Control), and generally simplify the propagation and interference effects. This reduces their value as an alternative to evaluate the performance of vehicular communications. This paper addresses this gap, and presents new analytical models that accurately model the performance of vehicle-to-vehicle communications based on the IEEE 802.11p standard. The models jointly account for a detailed modeling of the propagation and interference effects, as well as the impact of the hidden terminal problem. The model quantifies the PDR (Packet Delivery Ratio) as a function of the distance between transmitter and receiver. The paper also presents new analytical models to quantify the probability of the four different types of packet errors in IEEE 802.11p. In addition, the paper presents the first analytical model capable to accurately estimate the Channel Busy Ratio (CBR) metric even under high channel load levels. All the analytical models are validated by means of simulation for a wide range of parameters, including traffic densities, packet transmission frequencies, transmission power levels, data rates and packet sizes. An implementation of the models is provided openly to facilitate their use by the community.
Photon emission rate from atomic systems in the CSL model
Creators: name: Adler, Stephen L.
name: Ramazanoglu, Fethi M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the photon emission rate from a general atomic system in the mass- proportional CSL model. For an isolated charged particle emitting kilovolt gamma rays, our results agree with those obtained by Fu. For a neutral atomic system, photon emission is strongly suppressed for photon wavelengths much larger than the atomic radius. However, for kilovolt gamma rays, Fu's result is modified by a structure factor that is of order unity, giving no rate suppression. Our calculation is readily generalized to the case of non-white noise, noise couplings that are not mass-proportional, and general (non-Gaussian) spatial correlation functions, and corresponding results are given. We briefly discuss the implications of our calculation for upper bounds on the CSL model parameters.
description: LaTex 16pages; minor revisions in published version v3, Added Note in v4
Catalogue of wide binary, trinary and quaternary candidates from the Gaia data release 2 (region $\left\vert b\right\vert >25\,°$)
Creators: name: Zavada, Petr
name: Píška, Karel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The occurrence of multiple stars, dominantly binaries, is studied using the \textit{Gaia}-ESA DR2 catalogue. We apply the optimized statistical method that we previously developed for the analysis of 2D patterns. The field of stars is divided into a mosaic of small pieces, which represent a statistical set for analysis. Specifically, data input is represented by a grid of circles (events) with radius $0.02\,°$ covering the sky in the field of galactic latitude $\left\vert b\right\vert >25\,°$. The criteria for selecting candidates for multiple stars are based on two parameters: angular separation and collinearity of proper motion. Radial separation, due to limited accuracy, is used only as a weaker supplementary constraint. Due attention is paid to the accurate calculation of the background, which is a necessary input for evaluating the quality of the candidates. Our selection algorithm generates the catalogue of candidates: $900,842$ binaries, $5,282$ trinaries and $30$ quaternaries.
description: The second and extended version (20 pages, 21 figures, 6 tables) is accepted by the Astronomical Journal
English for specific purposes in Tertiary Education: an experimental study on needs analysis and course design
Creators: name: Χοστελίδου, Θεοδώρα Β.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2013
Subjects: Αγγλικά για Ειδικούς
Ανίχνευση αναγκών
Σχεδιασμός προγράμματος σπουδών
Πειραματική μελέτη
English for specific purposes
Needs analysis
Course design
Experimental research

description: The study aims to provide a detailed demonstration of how needs analysis (NA) can be carried out and utilized for creating a needs-based experimental ESAP course. In particular, the major goals of this study were: to identify the needs of accontancy students in the context of Greek tertiary education (TEI); determine how these needs can be best addressed
Additional file 4: of The relationship between latex metabolism gene expression with rubber yield and related traits in Hevea brasiliensis
Creators: name: Wu, Chuntai
name: Lan, Li
name: Li, Yu
name: Nie, Zhiyi
name: Zeng, Rizhong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Table S4. Variability in dry rubber yield per tree per tapping from different cultivars and different harvest months. (DOC 33 kb)
Algebraic Bethe ansatz for the elliptic quantum group $E_{τ,η}(A_2^{(2)})$
Creators: name: Manojlovic, Nenad
name: Nagy, Zoltan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B23; 81R12; 81R50

description: We implement the Bethe anstaz method for the elliptic quantum group $E_{τ,η}(A_2^{(2)})$. The Bethe creation operators are constructed as polynomials of the Lax matrix elements expressed through a recurrence relation. We also give the eigenvalues of the family of commuting transfer matrices defined in the tensor product of fundamental representations.
description: 15 pages; v2: minor corrections. A reference is added, a more precise abstract is written, a section title is changed and typos are corrected
Stress Tensor of Static Dipoles in strongly coupled $\cal{N}$=4 Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Lin, Shu
name: Shuryak, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence we calculate the induced stress tensor of static dipoles (electric-electric and electric-magnetic) in a strongly coupled ${\cal N}=4$ SYM gauge theory, by solving the linearized Einstein equation with Maldecena string as a source. Analytic expressions are given for the far-field and a near-field close to one charge, and compared to what one has in weak coupling. The result can be compared to lattice results for QCD-like theories in a deconfined but strongly coupled regime.
Impact of preceding noncurative endoscopic submucosal dissection on patients with early gastric cancer who undergo subsequent surgery: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jiao, Jian
name: Li, Han
name: Shang, Liang
name: Ren, Huicheng
name: Ye, Chunshui
name: Zhang, Ronghua
name: Xiao, Kun
name: Dong, Kangdi
name: Liu, Jin
name: Li, Leping
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology

description: The influence of preceding noncurative endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) on the efficacy of subsequent surgery is still controversial among early gastric cancer (EGC), especially for laparoscopic gastrectomy. The present meta-analysis was conducted to compare clinical outcomes between patients with EGC who underwent noncurative ESD before surgery (ESD group) and those who underwent direct surgery (non-ESD group). Related databases were searched, and articles comparing differences between ESD and non-ESD groups were included for meta-analysis. Ten retrospective studies with 3465 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with the non-ESD group, the ESD group was older and had more males, smaller tumors, more differentiated tumors and a higher proportion of pT1b, a shorter operation time, fewer dissected lymph nodes, a lower rate of positive lymph nodes and a lower rate of D2 dissection. There was no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complication rate, postoperative hospital stay or long-term prognosis, etc. Preceding noncurative ESD has no negative impact on the short- and long-term results of additional gastrectomy (open surgery or laparoscopic surgery).
Auto-Differentiable Spectrum Model for High-Dispersion Characterization of Exoplanets and Brown Dwarfs
Creators: name: Kawahara, Hajime
name: Kawashima, Yui
name: Masuda, Kento
name: Crossfield, Ian J. M.
name: Pannier, Erwan
name: Bekerom, Dirk van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an auto-differentiable spectral modeling of exoplanets and brown dwarfs. This model enables a fully Bayesian inference of the high--dispersion data to fit the ab initio line-by-line spectral computation to the observed spectrum by combining it with the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo in recent probabilistic programming languages. An open source code, exojax, developed in this study, was written in Python using the GPU/TPU compatible package for automatic differentiation and accelerated linear algebra, JAX (Bradbury et al. 2018). We validated the model by comparing it with existing opacity calculators and a radiative transfer code and found reasonable agreements of the output. As a demonstration, we analyzed the high-dispersion spectrum of a nearby brown dwarf, Luhman 16 A and found that a model including water, carbon monoxide, and $\mathrm{H_2/He}$ collision induced absorption was well fitted to the observed spectrum ($R=10^5$ and 2.28-2.30 $μ$m). As a result, we found that $T_0=1295_{-32}^{+35}$ K at 1 bar and C/O $=0.62 \pm 0.03$, which is slightly higher than the solar value. This work demonstrates the potential of full Bayesian analysis of brown dwarfs and exoplanets as observed by high-dispersion spectrographs and also directly-imaged exoplanets as observed by high-dispersion coronagraphy.
description: 29 pages, 18 figures, Accepted by ApJS. ExoJAX can now handle a large number of lines, thanks to a new rapid opacity calculator. Available at https://github.com/HajimeKawahara/exojax
UBVRI Photometric Standard Stars Around the Sky at -50 Degrees Declination
Creators: name: Landolt, Arlo U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: UBVRI photoelectric observations have been made of 109 stars around the sky, centered more or less at -50 degrees declination. The majority of the stars fall in the magnitude range 10.4 < V < 15.5 and in the color index range -0.33 < (B - V) < +1.66. These new broadband photometric standard stars average 16.4 measurements each from data taken on 116 different nights over a period of 4 yr. Similar data are tabulated for 19 stars of interest that were not observed often enough to make them well-defined standard stars.
description: 80 pages, 57 figures - published version available here: http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/AJ/journal/issues/v133n6/205795/205795.html
Improved log-Gaussian approximation for over-dispersed Poisson regression: application to spatial analysis of COVID-19
Creators: name: Murakami, Daisuke
name: Matsui, Tomoko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the era of open data, Poisson and other count regression models are increasingly important. Still, conventional Poisson regression has remaining issues in terms of identifiability and computational efficiency. Especially, due to an identification problem, Poisson regression can be unstable for small samples with many zeros. Provided this, we develop a closed-form inference for an over-dispersed Poisson regression including Poisson additive mixed models. The approach is derived via mode-based log-Gaussian approximation. The resulting method is fast, practical, and free from the identification problem. Monte Carlo experiments demonstrate that the estimation error of the proposed method is a considerably smaller estimation error than the closed-form alternatives and as small as the usual Poisson regressions. For counts with many zeros, our approximation has better estimation accuracy than conventional Poisson regression. We obtained similar results in the case of Poisson additive mixed modeling considering spatial or group effects. The developed method was applied for analyzing COVID-19 data in Japan. This result suggests that influences of pedestrian density, age, and other factors on the number of cases change over periods.
Parity violating magnetization at neutrino pair emission using trivalent lanthanoid ions
Creators: name: Hara, H.
name: Yoshimi, A.
name: Yoshimura, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new detection method using magnetization generated at triggered radiative emission of neutrino pairs (RENP), $ |e \rangle \rightarrow | g \rangle + γ+ \sum_{ij}ν_i \barν_j $ (atomic de-transition from state $|e \rangle $ to state $|g \rangle$ emitting sum of neutrino pairs $\sum_{ij}ν_i\barν_j$ accompanied by a photon $γ$), is investigated in order to determine unknown neutrino properties; absolute neutrino masses of $ν_i$ and Majorana/Dirac distinction. Magnetization associated with RENP events has parity violating component intrinsic to weak interaction enforced by crystal field effect in solids, and greatly helps background rejection of quantum electrodynamic (QED) origin even when these backgrounds are amplified. In proposed experiments we prepare a coherently excited body of trivalent lanthanoid ions, Er$^{3+}$ (a best candidate ion so far found), doped in a transparent dielectric crystal. The magnetic moment $μ\langle \vec{S}\cdot\vec{k} \rangle/k $ arising from generated electron spin $\vec{S}$ parallel to trigger photon direction $\vec{k}/k$ is parity odd, and is absent in QED processes. The generated magnetic field of order nano gauss is stored in crystals long after pair emission event till spin relaxation time. An improved calculation method of coherent rate and angular distribution of magnetization is developed in order to incorporate finite size effect of crystal target beyond the infinite size limit in previous calculations.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures. Simulation bug corrected. Manuscript adapted to publication
Volumetric Reduced-Order Models of Zero-Net Mass-Flux Synthetic Jet Actuators
Creators: name: Messahel, Ramzi
name: Bury, Yannick
name: Bodart, Julien
name: Doue, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: presentation made at the 2018 AIAA Aviation Forum, Atlanta, USA In the framework of an optimization study based on a multi-objective optimization formula- tion, the consideration of optimization parameters such as the actuator location and the outlet design implies a re-meshing procedure that add complexity (even if the actuator is modeled with simple boundary conditions at the jet orifice exit since, locally, the re-mesh is still required). This strongly impacts the global computational cost, in particular if the considered geometry is complex. In this paper we propose an alternative method to model ZNMF synthetic jet actuators through the implementation of volumetric reduced-order models of ZNMF synthetic jet actuators as an additional source terms, in the form of body forces on given local control volumes corresponding to the actual locations of the actuators. This approach is promising as it allows to skip re-meshing procedures (velocity inlet boundaries or full synthetic jet actu- ator modeling) by directly plugging the volumetric source terms at appropriate locations and, consequently, save a considerable computational time during the optimization process.  10.2514/6.2018-3058
Metabolic profiling of industrial Pb-removing microbes
Creators: name: Cilliers, Carla
name: Chirwa, Evans
name: Brink, Hendrik
Publisher: name: University of Pretoria
Year: 2022
Subjects: Bioremediation

description: Data set linked to published journal article.The objective of the study was to gather insight into the metabolism of lead-removing microorganisms, coupled with Pb(II) removal, biomass viability and nitrate concentrations for Pb(II) bioremoval using an industrially obtained microbial consortium. The consortium used for study has proven to be highly effective at removing aqueous Pb(II) from solution. Anaerobic batch experiments were conducted with Luria-Bertani broth as rich growth medium over a period of 33 h, comparing a lower concentration of Pb(II) with a higher concentration at two different nutrient concentrations. Metabolite profiling and quantification were conducted with the aid of both liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectroscopy (UPLC-HDMS) in a “non-targeted” fashion and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in a “targeted” fashion. Four main compounds were identified, and a metabolic study was conducted on each to establish their possible significance for Pb(II) bioremoval. The study investigates the first metabolic profile to date for Pb(II) bioremoval, which in turn can result in a clarified understanding for development on an industrial and microbial level
The Smallest Neutrino Mass Revisited
Creators: name: Zhou, Shun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As is well known, the smallest neutrino mass turns out to be vanishing in the minimal seesaw model, since the effective neutrino mass matrix $M^{}_ν$ is of rank two due to the fact that only two heavy right-handed neutrinos are introduced. In this paper, we point out that the one-loop matching condition for the effective dimension-five neutrino mass operator can make an important contribution to the smallest neutrino mass. By using the available one-loop matching condition and two-loop renormalization group equations in the supersymmetric version of the minimal seesaw model, we explicitly calculate the smallest neutrino mass in the case of normal neutrino mass ordering and find $m^{}_1 \in [10^{-10}, 10^{-8}]~{\rm eV}$ at the Fermi scale $Λ^{}_{\rm F} = 91.2~{\rm GeV}$, where the range of $m^{}_1$ results from the uncertainties on the choice of the seesaw scale $Λ^{}_{\rm SS}$ and on the input values of relevant parameters at $Λ^{}_{\rm SS}$.
description: 13 pages, no figures, references added, minor revisions to match the version accepted for publication in JHEP
Temperature selective thermometry with sub-microsecond time resolution using dressed-spin states in diamond
Creators: name: Yun, Jiwon
name: Kim, Kiho
name: Park, Sungjoon
name: Kim, Dohun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Versatile nanoscale sensors that are susceptible to changes in a variety of physical quantities often exhibit limited selectivity. This paper reports a novel scheme based on microwave-dressed spin states for optically probed nanoscale temperature detection using diamond quantum sensors, which provides selective sensitivity to temperature changes. By combining this scheme with a continuous pump-probe scheme using ensemble nitrogen-vacancy centers in nanodiamonds, a sub-microsecond temporal resolution with thermal sensitivity of 3.7 K$\cdot$Hz$^{-1/2}$ that is insensitive to variations in external magnetic fields on the order of 2 G is demonstrated. The presented results are favorable for the practical application of time-resolved nanoscale quantum sensing, where temperature imaging is required under fluctuating magnetic fields.
Response to Reviewers Final from Microstructure-based numerical simulation of the mechanical behaviour of ocular tissue
Creators: name: Zhou, Dong
name: Abass, Ahmed
name: Eliasy, Ashkan
name: Studer, Harald P.
name: Movchan, Alexander
name: Movchan, Natalia
name: Elsheikh, Ahmed
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019

description: The manuscript has been improved significantly based on reviewers' comments. The questions by reviewers were answered with the relevant content in the manuscript attached. The comments by reviewers appeared in red.and the response by the author in black. The relevant content in the manuscript was brought in the ESM file with revised text in blue.
Accurate theoretical fits to laser ARPES EDCs in the normal phase of cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: Casey, Philip A.
name: Koralek, J. D.
name: Dessau, D. S.
name: Anderson, Philip W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anderson has recently proposed a theory of the strange metal state above Tc in the high Tc superconductors. [arXiv:cond-mat/0512471] It is based on the idea that the unusual transport properties and spectral functions are caused by the strong Mott- Hubbard interactions and can be computed by using the formal apparatus of Gutzwiller projection. In ref. 1 Anderson computed only the tunneling spectrum and the power-law exponent of the infrared conductivity. He had calculated the energy distribution curves (EDCs) in angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) but was discouraged when these differed radically from the best ARPES measurements available at the time, and did not include them. In this letter we compare the spectral functions computed within this model to the novel laser-ARPES data of the Dessau group.These are found to capture the shape of the experimental EDCs with unprecedented accuracy and in principle have only one free parameter.
Evaluating Query Languages and Systems for High-Energy Physics Data [Extended Version]
Creators: name: Graur, Dan
name: Müller, Ingo
name: Proffitt, Mason
name: Fourny, Ghislain
name: Watts, Gordon T.
name: Alonso, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the domain of high-energy physics (HEP), query languages in general and SQL in particular have found limited acceptance. This is surprising since HEP data analysis matches the SQL model well: the data is fully structured and queried using mostly standard operators. To gain insights on why this is the case, we perform a comprehensive analysis of six diverse, general-purpose data processing platforms using an HEP benchmark. The result of the evaluation is an interesting and rather complex picture of existing solutions: Their query languages vary greatly in how natural and concise HEP query patterns can be expressed. Furthermore, most of them are also between one and two orders of magnitude slower than the domain-specific system used by particle physicists today. These observations suggest that, while database systems and their query languages are in principle viable tools for HEP, significant work remains to make them relevant to HEP researchers.
description: This is the extended version of a full paper to appear in PVLDB 15.2 (VLDB 2022)
Avian brainstem and descending spinal projections associated with locomotion
Creators: name: Webster, Deirdre M.S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Electrical microstimulation studies in the decerebrate bird have previously identified brainstem regions that play a role in the initiation of locomotion. This thesis was designed to identify the neuroanatomical connections of these physiologically defined locomotor regions. The experiments were conducted on the Pekin duck, Anas platyrhynchos; Canada goose, Branta canadensis; Sulphur-crested cockatoo, Cacatua galerita; and Eastern rosella, Platycercus eximius. A variety of retrograde tracer chemicals (e.g. wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase and fluorescent tracer True Blue) were injected into either the cervical or lumbar spinal cord alone or in conjunction with a more rostral subtotal lesion of the spinal cord to determine (1) the origins of spinal projections to the spinal cord, and (2) the funicular organization of these pathways at the lumbar level. The distribution of retrogradely labelled neurones was similar in all avian species examined. There were no direct telencephalic projections to the spinal cord. Descending brainstem-spinal spinal pathways from previously identified "locomotor sites" in the ventromedial medulla (nucleus reticularis medullaris centralis and nucleus reticularis, gigantocellularis) projected to the lumbar level via the ventrolateral funiculus, whereas dorsolateral "locomotor sites" (nucleus reticularis parvocellularis, nucleus and descending tract of the trigeminal nerve) only projected as far as the cervical spinal cord. The afferent projections to these identified brainstem locomotor regions were determined by discrete injections of retrograde fluorescent tracers into the ventromedial or dorsolateral pontomedullary locomotor sites. Afferent input originated principally from the pontomedullary reticular formation and the mesencephalon. The similarity of avian spinal and brainstem connections to those previously described for mammals indicates considerable conservation of the origins and organization of descending locomotor pathways between mammalian and non-mammalian species.
Discreteness effects in a reacting system of particles with finite interaction radius
Creators: name: Berti, Stefano
name: Lopez, Cristobal
name: Vergni, Davide
name: Vulpiani, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An autocatalytic reacting system with particles interacting at a finite distance is studied. We investigate the effects of the discrete-particle character of the model on properties like reaction rate, quenching phenomenon and front propagation, focusing on differences with respect to the continuous case. We introduce a renormalized reaction rate depending both on the interaction radius and the particle density, and we relate it to macroscopic observables (e.g., front speed and front thickness) of the system.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures
Hyperbolicity-Preserving and Well-Balanced Stochastic Galerkin Method for Two-Dimensional Shallow Water Equations
Creators: name: Dai, Dihan
name: Epshteyn, Yekaterina
name: Narayan, Akil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Stochastic Galerkin formulations of the two-dimensional shallow water systems parameterized with random variables may lose hyperbolicity, and hence change the nature of the original model. In this work, we present a hyperbolicity-preserving stochastic Galerkin formulation by carefully selecting the polynomial chaos approximations to the nonlinear terms in the shallow water equations. We derive a sufficient condition to preserve the hyperbolicity of the stochastic Galerkin system which requires only a finite collection of positivity conditions on the stochastic water height at selected quadrature points in parameter space. Based on our theoretical results for the stochastic Galerkin formulation, we develop a corresponding well-balanced hyperbolicity-preserving central-upwind scheme. We demonstrate the accuracy and the robustness of the new scheme on several challenging numerical tests.
Relating measurement disturbance, information and orthogonality
Creators: name: Liu, Yizhou
name: DeBrota, John B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the general theory of quantum measurement, one associates a positive semidefinite operator on a $d$-dimensional Hilbert space to each of the $n$ possible outcomes of an arbitrary measurement. In the special case of a projective measurement, these operators are pairwise Hilbert--Schmidt orthogonal, but when $n>d$, orthogonality is restricted by positivity. This restriction allows us to more precisely state the quantum adage: information gain of a system is always accompanied by unavoidable disturbance. Specifically, we investigate three properties of a measurement with Lüders rule updating: its disturbance, a measure of how the expected post-measurement state deviates from the input; its measurement strength, a measure of the intrinsic information producing capacity of the measurement; and its orthogonality, a measure of the degree to which the measurement operators differ from an orthonormal set. These quantities satisfy an information-disturbance trade-off relation that highlights the additional role played by orthogonality. Finally, we assess several classes of measurements on these grounds and identify symmetric informationally complete quantum measurements as the unique quantum analogs of a perfectly informative and nondisturbing classical ideal measurement.
description: 8 pages, 0 figure
Statistical description of coalescing magnetic islands via magnetic reconnection
Creators: name: Zhou, Muni
name: Wu, David H.
name: Loureiro, Nuno F.
name: Uzdensky, Dmitri A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physical picture of interacting magnetic islands provides a useful paradigm for certain plasma dynamics in a variety of physical environments, such as the solar corona, the heliosheath, and the Earth's magnetosphere. In this work, we derive an island kinetic equation to describe the evolution of the island distribution function (in area and in flux of islands) subject to a collisional integral designed to account for the role of magnetic reconnection during island mergers. This equation is used to study the inverse transfer of magnetic energy through the coalescence of magnetic islands in 2D. We solve our island kinetic equation numerically for three different types of initial distribution: delta-distribution, Gaussian and power-law distribution. The time evolution of several key quantities is found to agree well with our analytical predictions: magnetic energy decays as $\tilde t^{-1}$, the number of islands decreases as $\tilde t^{-1}$, and the averaged area of islands grows as $\tilde t$, where $\tilde t$ is the time normalized to the characteristic reconnection time scale of islands. General properties of the distribution function and the magnetic energy spectrum are also studied.
description: 38 pages; 10 figures; Accepted by Journal of Plasma Physics
Safety and immunogenicity of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in people living with HIV
Creators: name: Ao, Ling
name: Lu, Ting
name: Cao, Yu
name: Chen, Zhiwei
name: Wang, Yuting
name: Li, Zisheng
name: Ren, Xingqian
name: Xu, Pan
name: Peng, Mingli
name: Chen, Min
name: Zhang, Gaoli
name: Xiang, Dejuan
name: Cai, Dachuan
name: Hu, Peng
name: Shi, Xiaofeng
name: Zhang, Dazhi
name: Ren, Hong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: It is important to know the safety and efficacy of vaccination in immunocompromised people living with HIV (PLWH), but currently, there is limited data on the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines’ safety and immune responses in PLWH. In this prospective observational study, 139 PLWH and 120 healthy controls were enrolled and monitored for 21–105 days after a two-dose vaccination. The safety, anti-receptor binding domain IgG (anti-RBD-IgG) and anti-spike-IgG responses, and RBD-specific memory B cell (MBC) responses were evaluated. The overall adverse events within seven days were reported in 12.9% (18/139) of PLWH and 13.3% (16/120) of healthy controls. No serious adverse events occurred in both groups. Overall, the seroprevalence of anti-RBD-IgG in PLWH was significantly decreased (87.1% vs. 99.2%; p < 0.001). The geometric mean end-point titer (GMT) of anti-RBD-IgG in PLWH was also reduced, especially in patients with CD4 counts <200 cells/µL, regardless of age, gender, or HIV viral load. GMTs of anti-RBD-IgG in both PLWH and healthy controls declined gradually over time. Similar results were also observed in the anti-spike-IgG response. The frequency of RBD-specific MBCs in PLWH decreased (p < 0.05), and then remained stable over time. Lastly, through multivariate analysis, we found the factors that predicted a less robust response to inactivated vaccines in PLWH were a low CD4 count and long time interval after vaccination. In conclusion, inactivated vaccines are well-tolerated in PLWH but with low immunogenicity. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and booster doses should be given priority in PLWH, especially in patients with low CD4 counts. Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05043129..
The entanglement entropy of typical pure states and replica wormholes
Creators: name: Urbach, Erez Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a 1+1 dimensional QFT on a circle, we consider the von Neumann entanglement entropy of an interval for typical pure states. As a function of the interval size, we expect a Page curve in the entropy. We employ a specific ensemble average of pure states, and show how to write the ensemble-averaged Renyi entropy as a path integral on a singular replicated geometry. Assuming that the QFT is a conformal field theory with a gravitational dual, we then use the holographic dictionary to obtain the Page curve. For short intervals the thermal saddle is dominant. For large intervals (larger than half of the circle size), the dominant saddle connects the replicas in a non-trivial way using the singular boundary geometry. The result extends the `island conjecture' to a non-evaporating setting.
description: 14 pages + appendices (7 figures); v2: minor changes and added references
Spectral Analysis of GRBs Measured by RHESSI
Creators: name: Wigger, C.
name: Hajdas, W.
name: Zehnder, A.
name: Hurley, K.
name: Bellm, E.
name: Boggs, S.
name: Bandstra, M.
name: Smith, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ge spectrometer of the RHESSI satellite is sensitive to Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) from about 40 keV up to 17 MeV, thus ideally complementing the Swift/BAT instrument whose sensitivity decreases above 150 keV. We present preliminary results of spectral fits of RHESSI GRB data. After describing our method, the RHESSI results are discussed and compared with Swift and Konus.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, conference proceedings, 'Swift and GRBs: Unveiling the Relativistic Universe', San Servolo, Venice, 5-9 June 2006, to appear in Il Nouvo Cimento
Μελέτη αλληλεπίδρασης μεταλλοϊόντων με Η-ras και Κ-ras ογκογονίδια: εστίαση στο καρκινογόνο κάδμιο και στην ανάπτυξη αντικαρκινικών μεταλλοφαρμάκων βαναδίου
Creators: name: Πετανίδης, Σάββας Β.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2013
Subjects: Ογκογονίδια
Καρκίνος παχέος εντέρου
Βανάδιο
Κάδμιο
Μεταλλοφάρμακα
Oncogenes
Colorectal cancer
Vanadium
Cadmium
Metallodrugs

description: In this thesis the interaction of metal ions with H-ras and K-ras oncogene was studied, focusing on carcinogenic cadmium and the development of vanadium-based drugs. The results shed light on the functional link between oncogenes and interleukins, inflammation, ras-signaling and colon carcinogenesis, thereby contributing to the future development of cancer detection methods and oligonucleotide therapy for K-ras. To this end, specially designed vanadium-based metallodrugs targeting mutated K-ras in various cancer types have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach.
description: Στην παρούσα έρευνα μελετήθηκε η αλληλεπίδραση μεταλλοϊόντων με τα Η-ras και Κ-ras ογκογονίδια, εστιάζοντας στο καρκινογόνο κάδμιο και στην ανάπτυξη αντικαρκινικών φαρμάκων βαναδίου. Τα αποτελέσματα αναδεικνύουν τη σχέση μεταξύ των ογκογονιδίων και ιντερλευκινών, στη φλεγμονή, στη ras-σηματοδότηση και στην καρκινογένεση του παχέος εντέρου, συμβάλλοντας στην ανάπτυξη μεθόδων ανίχνευσης του καρκίνου και της ολιγονουκλεοτιδικής θεραπείας κατά του K-ras. Έτσι, αναπτύχθηκαν ειδικά σχεδιασμένα μεταλλοφάρμακα βαναδίου με στόχο το K-ras σε διάφορους τύπους καρκίνου.
Guarding Dogs Protect Sheep from Predators
Creators: name: Green, Jeffrey S.
name: Woodruff, Roger A.
name: Green, Jeffrey S.
name: Woodruff, Roger A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Excerpts from the report Introduction: In the mid-1970's, there began a resurgence in the use of an ancient form of sheep protection, the guarding dog. Several factors contributed to this phenomenon, including federal restrictions on the use of substances to kill predators, the relative inability of existing techniques to provide adequate relief from predation, and a desire by some to use nonlethal methods of reducing the loss of livestock to predators. There are few hard and fast rules with respect to dogs and sheep. Many variables interact to produce successful guarding dogs. This report presents a viewpoint based on experiences with a number of dogs with varying temperaments. Although some of the information may be speculative, most is supported by the experience and research of the authors, other researchers, and by a growing number of people who successfully use dogs to protect their livestock.
Relation between Light Cone Distribution Amplitudes and Shape Function in B mesons
Creators: name: Yaouanc, A. Le
name: Oliver, L.
name: Raynal, J. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bakamjian-Thomas relativistic quark model provides a Poincaré representation of bound states with a fixed number of constituents and, in the heavy quark limit, form factors of currents satisfy covariance and Isgur-Wise scaling. We compute the Light Cone Distribution Amplitudes of $B$ mesons $ϕ_{\pm}^B(ω)$ as well as the Shape Function $S(ω)$, that enters in the decay $B \to X_s γ$, that are also covariant in this class of models. The LCDA and the SF are related through the quark model wave function. The former satisfy, in the limit of vanishing constituent light quark mass, the integral relation given by QCD in the valence sector of Fock space. Using a gaussian wave function, the obtained $S(ω)$ is identical to the so-called Roman Shape Function. From the parameters for the latter that fit the $B \to X_sγ$ spectrum we predict the behaviour of $ϕ_{\pm}^B(ω)$. We discuss the important role played by the constituent light quark mass. In particular, although $ϕ_-^B(0) \not= 0$ for vanishing light quark mass, a non-vanishing mass implies the unfamiliar result $ϕ_-^B (0) = 0$. Moreover, we incorporate the short distance behaviour of QCD to $ϕ_+^B (ω)$, which has sizeable effects at large $ω$. We obtain the values for the parameters $\barΛ \cong 0.35$ GeV and $λ_B^{-1} \cong 1.43$ GeV$^{-1}$. We compare with other theoretical approaches and illustrate the great variety of models found in the literature for the functions $ϕ_{\pm}^B (ω)$; hence the necessity of imposing further constraints as in the present paper. We briefly review also the different phenomena that are sensitive to the LCDA.
description: 6 figures
HBert + BiasCorp -- Fighting Racism on the Web
Creators: name: Onabola, Olawale
name: Ma, Zhuang
name: Xie, Yang
name: Akera, Benjamin
name: Ibraheem, Abdulrahman
name: Xue, Jia
name: Liu, Dianbo
name: Bengio, Yoshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Subtle and overt racism is still present both in physical and online communities today and has impacted many lives in different segments of the society. In this short piece of work, we present how we're tackling this societal issue with Natural Language Processing. We are releasing BiasCorp, a dataset containing 139,090 comments and news segment from three specific sources - Fox News, BreitbartNews and YouTube. The first batch (45,000 manually annotated) is ready for publication. We are currently in the final phase of manually labeling the remaining dataset using Amazon Mechanical Turk. BERT has been used widely in several downstream tasks. In this work, we present hBERT, where we modify certain layers of the pretrained BERT model with the new Hopfield Layer. hBert generalizes well across different distributions with the added advantage of a reduced model complexity. We are also releasing a JavaScript library and a Chrome Extension Application, to help developers make use of our trained model in web applications (say chat application) and for users to identify and report racially biased contents on the web respectively.
Yield design for porous media subjected to unconfined flow: construction of approximate pressure fields
Creators: name: Corfdir, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the stability of a porous medium submitted to a steady-state flow with free-boundary. Assuming some hypotheses, it is possible to implement the kinematic method by using an approximate pressure field bounding the true pressure field from below. We are interested in finding such approximate pressure fields and in proving that they bound the true pressure field from below without knowing the true pressure field. We use fields which are solutions of a problem with relaxed conditions with regard to the real problem. Under a uniqueness condition of the solution of a weak formulation of the problem, such fields are lower bounds for the true pressure field. Finally, we give the example of a vertical dam.
Lattice structure of modular vertex algebras
Creators: name: Huang, Haihua
name: Jing, Naihuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study the integral form of the lattice vertex algebra $V_L$. We show that divided powers of general vertex operators preserve the integral lattice spanned by Schur functions indexed by partition-valued functions. We also show that the Garland operators, counterparts of divided powers of Heisenberg elements in affine Lie algebras, also preserve the integral form. These construe analogs of the Kostant $\mathbb Z$-forms for the enveloping algebras of simple Lie algebras and the algebraic affine Lie groups in the situation of the lattice vertex algebras.
description: 17 pages; final version
Exact N=4 correlators of AdS(3)/CFT(2)
Creators: name: Pakman, Ari
name: Sever, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend to chiral N=4 operators the holographic agreement recently found between correlators of the symmetric orbifold of M^4 at large N and type IIB strings propagating in AdS(3) x S^3 x M^4, where M^4=T^4 or K3. We also present expressions for some bulk correlators not yet computed in the boundary.
description: 3 pages. v2:minor changes
Steady and Unsteady compressible Reduced-Order Models of a Zero-Net Mass-Flux Synthetic Jet Actuator
Creators: name: Messahel, Ramzi
name: Bury, Yannick
name: Bodart, Julien
name: Doue, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: presentation made at the 2019 AIAA Aviation Forum, Dallas, USA n the framework of an optimization study of a Zero-Net-Mass-Flux fluidic, synthetic jet ac- tuator, based on a multi-objective optimization formulation, the consideration of optimization parameters such as the actuator location and the outlet design implies a re-meshing procedure that adds complexity. It is still the case even if the actuator is modeled with simple boundary conditions at the jet orifice exit since, locally, the re-mesh is still required. This strongly im- pacts the global computational cost, in particular if the considered geometry is complex. In a previous study, we proposed an alternative method to model Zero-Net Mass Flux synthetic jet actuators through the implementation of volumetric reduced-order models (ROM) as addi- tional source terms. The previous reduced-order model consisted in a simplified ROM model where a constant-in-space momentum quantity was imposed in the ROM formulation and the compressible effects were neglected. In this paper, we propose to extend the previous work in an attempt to apply this ROM strategy to higher Mach number flows, where compressibility effects at the outlet of the pulsed jets can no more be neglected, while improving the early interaction of the pulsed jet with the surrounding flow by considering the starting jet influence when the actuators are operated in a pulsed manner.  10.2514/6.2019-3500