Additional file 1 of Influence of taping on force sense accuracy: a systematic review with between and within group meta-analysis
Creators: name: Ghai, Shashank
name: Ghai, Ishan
name: Narciss, Susanne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. PRISMA checklist. Figure S1. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on absolute force sense accuracy (repeated measures design). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S2. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on absolute force sense accuracy (elastic tape). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the elastic taping group. Figure S3. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on absolute force sense accuracy (rigid tape). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the rigid taping group. Figure S4. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on absolute force sense accuracy (healthy individuals). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S5. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on absolute force sense accuracy (individuals with medial epicondylitis). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S6. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on absolute force sense accuracy (healthy individuals with elastic tape). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the elastic taping group. Figure S7. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on absolute force sense accuracy (healthy individuals with rigid tape). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the rigid taping group. Figure S8. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on relative force sense accuracy (repeated measures design). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S9. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on relative force sense accuracy (healthy individuals). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S10. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on relative force sense accuracy (individuals with medial epicondylitis). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S11. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on absolute force sense accuracy. Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the placebo taping group, negative effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S12. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on absolute force sense accuracy (healthy individuals). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the placebo taping group, negative effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S13. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on absolute force sense accuracy (individuals with medial epicondylitis). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the placebo taping group, negative effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S14. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on relative force sense accuracy. Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the placebo taping group, negative effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S15. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on relative force sense accuracy (healthy individuals). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the placebo taping group, negative effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S16. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on relative force sense accuracy (individuals with medial epicondylitis). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the placebo taping group, negative effect size: improved force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S17. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on absolute force sense accuracy (repeated measures design). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: deterioration in force sense accuracy, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy. Figure S18. Forest plot illustrating the effect of taping on absolute force sense accuracy (elastic tape). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: deterioration in force sense accuracy, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy. Figure S19. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for absolute force sense accuracy (taping vs. no comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S20. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for absolute force sense accuracy (repeated measures design, taping vs. no comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S21. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for absolute force sense accuracy (elastic tape, elastic taping vs. no comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the elastic taping group. Figure S22. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for absolute force sense accuracy (rigid tape, rigid taping vs. no comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the rigid taping group. Figure S23. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for absolute force sense accuracy (healthy individuals, taping vs. no comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S24. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for absolute force sense accuracy (individuals with medial epicondylitis, taping vs. no comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S25. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for absolute force sense accuracy (healthy individuals, elastic taping vs. no comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the elastic taping group. Figure S26. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for absolute force sense accuracy (healthy individuals, rigid taping vs. no comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the rigid taping group. Figure S27. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for relative force sense accuracy (taping vs. no comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S28. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for relative force sense accuracy (repeated measures design, taping vs. no comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S29. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for relative force sense accuracy (healthy individuals, taping vs. no comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S30. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for relative force sense accuracy (individuals with medial epicondylitis, taping vs. no comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the no-taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S31. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for absolute force sense accuracy (taping vs. placebo taping comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the placebo taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S32. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for absolute force sense accuracy (healthy individuals, taping vs. placebo taping comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the placebo taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S33. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for absolute force sense accuracy (individuals with medial epicondylitis, taping vs. placebo taping comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the placebo taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S34. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for relative force sense accuracy (taping vs. placebo taping comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the placebo taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S35. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for relative force sense accuracy (healthy individuals, taping vs. placebo taping comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the placebo taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S36. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for between group analysis for relative force sense accuracy (individuals with medial epicondylitis, taping vs. placebo taping comparator). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the placebo taping group, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy for the taping group. Figure S37. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for within group analysis for absolute force sense accuracy. Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: deterioration in force sense accuracy, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy. Figure S38. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for within group analysis for absolute force sense accuracy (repeated measures design). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: deterioration in force sense accuracy, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy. Figure S39. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis for within group analysis for absolute force sense accuracy (elastic tape). Black boxes: individual weighted effect sizes, whiskers: 95% confidence intervals, red diamond: pooled weighted effect size and 95% confidence interval, positive effect size: deterioration in force sense accuracy, negative effect size: improvement in force sense accuracy. Search strategy for individual databases.