cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bond percolation on isoradial graphs: criticality and universality
Creators: name: Grimmett, Geoffrey
name: Manolescu, Ioan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K35, 82B43

description: In an investigation of percolation on isoradial graphs, we prove the criticality of canonical bond percolation on isoradial embeddings of planar graphs, thus extending celebrated earlier results for homogeneous and inhomogeneous square, triangular, and other lattices. This is achieved via the star-triangle transformation, by transporting the box-crossing property across the family of isoradial graphs. As a consequence, we obtain the universality of these models at the critical point, in the sense that the one-arm and 2j-alternating-arm critical exponents (and therefore also the connectivity and volume exponents) are constant across the family of such percolation processes. The isoradial graphs in question are those that satisfy certain weak conditions on their embedding and on their track system. This class of graphs includes, for example, isoradial embeddings of periodic graphs, and graphs derived from rhombic Penrose tilings.
description: In v2: extended title, and small changes in the text
FED-AMR D1.4 Webinars Annex1
Creators: name: Rathammer, Krista
name: Rainer, Karin
name: Oleastro, Mónica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: OHEJP
FED-AMR
Webinar

description: Agenda of the first webinar on the topic of "Environmental reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes" by professor Elizabeth Wellington.
Learning Based Food Image Analysis - Detection, Recognition and Segmentation
Creators: name: Mao, Runyu
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Signal processing

description: Advances of mobile and wearable technologies have enabled a wide range of new methods for dietary assessment and monitoring, such as active or passive capturing of food images of an eating scene. Compared to traditional methods, these approaches are less burdensome and can reduce biased measurements. Food image analysis, consists of food region detection, food category classification, and food segmentation, can benefit subsequent nutrient analysis. However, due to the different complexity levels of food images and inter-class similarity of food categories, it is challenging for an image-based food analysis system to achieve high performance outside of a lab setting. In this thesis, we investigate four research topics related to image-based dietary assess- ment: (1) construction of the VIPER-FoodNet dataset, (2) food recognition, (3) nutrient integrated hierarchy food classification, and (4) weakly supervised segmentation. For topic (1), we developed a learning-based method to automatically remove non-food images for dataset construction. For topic (2), we proposed a novel two-step food recognition system that consists of food localization and hierarchical food classification. For topic (3), we de- veloped a cross-domain food classification framework that integrates nutrition information to help the classification system make better mistakes. Finally, for topic (4), a weakly- supervised segmentation system is developed which only requires image-level supervision during training. In addition, we developed a high-quality Photoplethysmography (PPG) signal selection method for a wearable device when subjects are undergoing daily life activities, which could be used to inform the health status of the individual.
NanoMod: a computational tool to detect DNA modifications using Nanopore long-read sequencing data
Creators: name: Liu, Qian
name: Georgieva, Daniela C.
name: Egli, Dietrich Meinrad
name: Wang, Kai
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nanopores
subject: DNA--Computer simulation
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Molecular biology

description: Background Recent advances in single-molecule sequencing techniques, such as Nanopore sequencing, improved read length, increased sequencing throughput, and enabled direct detection of DNA modifications through the analysis of raw signals. These DNA modifications include naturally occurring modifications such as DNA methylations, as well as modifications that are introduced by DNA damage or through synthetic modifications to one of the four standard nucleotides. Methods To improve the performance of detecting DNA modifications, especially synthetically introduced modifications, we developed a novel computational tool called NanoMod. NanoMod takes raw signal data on a pair of DNA samples with and without modified bases, extracts signal intensities, performs base error correction based on a reference sequence, and then identifies bases with modifications by comparing the distribution of raw signals between two samples, while taking into account of the effects of neighboring bases on modified bases (“neighborhood effects”). Results We evaluated NanoMod on simulation data sets, based on different types of modifications and different magnitudes of neighborhood effects, and found that NanoMod outperformed other methods in identifying known modified bases. Additionally, we demonstrated superior performance of NanoMod on an E. coli data set with 5mC (5-methylcytosine) modifications. Conclusions In summary, NanoMod is a flexible tool to detect DNA modifications with single-base resolution from raw signals in Nanopore sequencing, and will facilitate large-scale functional genomics experiments that use modified nucleotides.
S-duality of color-ordered amplitudes
Creators: name: Garousi, Mohammad R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it has been proposed that the S-matrix elements on the world volume of an abelian D$_3$-brane are consistent with the Ward identity associated with the S-duality. In this paper we extend this study to the case of multiple D$_3$-branes. We speculate that the S-matrix elements are consistent with the S-dual Ward identity irrespective of the ordering of the external states. Imposing this symmetry on the particular case of the S-matrix element of one Kalb-Ramond, one transverse scalar and two nonabelian gauge bosons, we will find the linear S-duality transformation of the commutator of two nonabelian gauge field strengths. Using this transformation and the standard S-duality transformations of the supergravity fields, all other nonabelian S-matrix elements of one closed and three open string states can be found by the S-duality proposal. We will show that the predicted S-matrix elements are reproduced exactly by explicit calculations.
description: 20 pages, latex file, no figure, v3: The study of nonabelian S-matrix element of one closed and three open strings has been added in favor of the S-duality proposal,v4:the title is changed, the version appears in npb
title: Trendwende in der Bauwirtschaft in Sicht – politischer Handlungsdruck nimmt dennoch zu
Creators: name: Danne, Christian
name: Gornig, Martin
name: Pagenhardt, Laura
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: E32 Business Fluctuations; Cycles
subject: E66 General Outlook and Conditions
subject: Construction industry
subject: residential construction
subject: public infrastructure
subject: economic outlook

description: Das reale Bauvolumen wird 2025 das fünfte Jahr in Folge schrumpfen: Es dürfte um knapp ein Prozent sinken. Im vergangenen Jahr lag das Minus wohl bei fast vier Prozent. Allerdings dürfte die Bauwirtschaft im kommenden Jahr die Trendwende schaffen. Das reale Bauvolumen wird 2026 voraussichtlich um zwei Prozent wachsen. Dies darf aber nicht darüber hinwegtäuschen, dass die Rückgänge der letzten Jahre eine noch größere Lücke zwischen Baubedarf und Bauleistung gerissen haben. Die Infrastruktur ist vielerorts marode, die Dämmung älterer Gebäude oft unzureichend und Wohnraum in den Städten so knapp wie lange nicht. Der politische Druck, insbesondere den Wohnungsmangel zu lindern, steigt. Erhöhte degressive Abschreibung von Investitionen in den Wohnungsneubau oder Maßnahmen zur Begrenzung der Baukostensteigerungen und zur Beschleunigung der Verfahren sind wichtig, um die strukturellen Investitionsbedingungen im Wohnungsbau zu verbessern. Sie helfen aber wenig, in absehbarer Zeit den Wohnungsmangel in den Städten zu beheben. Notwendig ist hier ein Sofortprogramm zum Wiederhochfahren des sozialen Wohnungsbaus.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 92 (2025), 1/2, S. 3-14
Mixing of blackbodies: entropy production and dissipation of sound waves in the early Universe
Creators: name: Khatri, Rishi
name: Sunyaev, Rashid A.
name: Chluba, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mixing of blackbodies with different temperatures creates a spectral distortion which, at lowest order, is a y-type distortion, indistinguishable from the thermal y-type distortion produced by the scattering of CMB photons by hot electrons residing in clusters of galaxies. This process occurs in the radiation-pressure dominated early Universe, when the primordial perturbations excite standing sound waves on entering the sound horizon. Photons from different phases of the sound waves, having different temperatures, diffuse through the electron-baryon plasma and mix together. This diffusion, with the length defined by Thomson scattering, dissipates sound waves and creates spectral distortions in the CMB. Of the total dissipated energy, 2/3 raises the average temperature of the blackbody part of spectrum, while 1/3 creates a distortion of y-type. It is well known that at redshifts 10^5< z< 2x10^6, comptonization rapidly transforms y-distortions into a Bose-Einstein spectrum. The chemical potential of the Bose-Einstein spectrum is again 1/3 the value we would get if all the dissipated energy was injected into a blackbody spectrum but no extra photons were added. We study the mixing of blackbody spectra, emphasizing the thermodynamic point of view, and identifying spectral distortions with entropy creation. This allows us to obtain the main results connected with the dissipation of sound waves in the early Universe in a very simple way. We also show that mixing of blackbodies in general, and dissipation of sound waves in particular, leads to creation of entropy.
FED-AMR D4.1 Annex 2
Creators: name: Brandtner, Martin
name: Felipe-Sotelo, Monica
name: Cabal Rosel, Adriana
name: Rathammer, Krista
name: Caniça, Manuela
name: FED-AMR Consortium
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: FED-AMR

description: Protocol for elements quantification
title: Life in the big blue box: studying the marine life of European eels
Creators: name: Righton, David
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session B
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The European eel (Anguilla Anguilla) is commercially and ecologically important. It has a remarkable catadromous lifecycle: mature adult eels spawn in the sea from which the resulting larvae migrate to the rivers of Europe, grow to partial maturity in freshwater for a period of 5 to 15 years (although sometimes much longer), then return once again to the marine environment to make their second longdistance migration to spawning grounds, where they die after reproduction. So, whilst most of the eel population's growth and production occurs in freshwater, the key life history events of reproduction and recruitment take place in the marine environment. However, despite more than a century of research, much of the ecology, life history and biology of European eels remains a mystery because traditional methods of research have not proved reliable or cost-effective. To solve some of this mystery, the EU has co-funded a large project called that brings together several cutting-edge technologies and research laboratories across Europe.
Testing the isotropy of high energy cosmic rays using spherical needlets
Creators: name: Faÿ, Gilles
name: Delabrouille, Jacques
name: Kerkyacharian, Gérard
name: Picard, Dominique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For many decades, ultrahigh energy charged particles of unknown origin that can be observed from the ground have been a puzzle for particle physicists and astrophysicists. As an attempt to discriminate among several possible production scenarios, astrophysicists try to test the statistical isotropy of the directions of arrival of these cosmic rays. At the highest energies, they are supposed to point toward their sources with good accuracy. However, the observations are so rare that testing the distribution of such samples of directional data on the sphere is nontrivial. In this paper, we choose a nonparametric framework that makes weak hypotheses on the alternative distributions and allows in turn to detect various and possibly unexpected forms of anisotropy. We explore two particular procedures. Both are derived from fitting the empirical distribution with wavelet expansions of densities. We use the wavelet frame introduced by [SIAM J. Math. Anal. 38 (2006b) 574-594 (electronic)], the so-called needlets. The expansions are truncated at scale indices no larger than some ${J^{\star}}$, and the $L^p$ distances between those estimates and the null density are computed. One family of tests (called Multiple) is based on the idea of testing the distance from the null for each choice of $J=1,\ldots,{J^{\star}}$, whereas the so-called PlugIn approach is based on the single full ${J^{\star}}$ expansion, but with thresholded wavelet coefficients. We describe the practical implementation of these two procedures and compare them to other methods in the literature. As alternatives to isotropy, we consider both very simple toy models and more realistic nonisotropic models based on Physics-inspired simulations. The Monte Carlo study shows good performance of the Multiple test, even at moderate sample size, for a wide sample of alternative hypotheses and for different choices of the parameter ${J^{\star}}$. On the 69 most energetic events published by the Pierre Auger Collaboration, the needlet-based procedures suggest statistical evidence for anisotropy. Using several values for the parameters of the methods, our procedures yield $p$-values below 1%, but with uncontrolled multiplicity issues. The flexibility of this method and the possibility to modify it to take into account a large variety of extensions of the problem make it an interesting option for future investigation of the origin of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOAS619 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
FED-AMR D4.1 Annex 1
Creators: name: Brandtner, Martin
name: Felipe-Sotelo, Monica
name: Cabal Rosel, Adriana
name: Rathammer, Krista
name: Canica, Manuela
name: FED-AMR Consortium
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: FED-AMR
Antibiotic
Quantification

description: Protocol for Antibiotics Quantification
KREDIT SHARTNOMALARDAN KELIB CHIQADIGAN NIZOLAR
Creators: name: Murodov, Muxlis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Kredit shartnomalari zamonaviy iqtisodiy munosabatlarning ajralmas qismi bo‘lib, ular orqali tadbirkorlik sub’ektlari va jismoniy shaxslar moliyaviy resurslarga ega bo‘lish imkoniyatiga ega bo‘ladilar. Ushbu shartnomalar iqtisodiy barqarorlikni ta’minlashda, xususiy sektorga qo‘llab-quvvatlash ko‘rsatishda, aholini moliyaviy xizmatlardan kengroq foydalanishiga xizmat qiladi. Ammo, kredit shartnomalari bilan bog‘liq huquqiy nizolar so‘nggi yillarda tez-tez uchrab turibdi. Ushbu muammo nafaqat kredit olish jarayonlarida shartnoma taraflari o‘rtasidagi tushunmovchiliklar, balki iqtisodiy, huquqiy va ijtimoiy omillar bilan ham bog‘liq. Shuning uchun ushbu sohadagi protsessual mexanizmlarni takomillashtirish dolzarb masala hisoblanadi.
Performance evaluation of Bragg coherent diffraction imaging
Creators: name: Ozturk, Hande
name: Huang, X.
name: Yan, H.
name: Robinson, I. K.
name: Noyan, Ismail C.
name: Chu, Y. S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Three-dimensional imaging
Microscopy
X-rays--Diffraction--Data processing

description: In this study, we present a numerical framework for modeling three-dimensional (3D) diffraction data in Bragg coherent diffraction imaging (Bragg CDI) experiments and evaluating the quality of obtained 3D complex-valued real-space images recovered by reconstruction algorithms under controlled conditions. The approach is used to systematically explore the performance and the detection limit of this phase-retrieval-based microscopy tool. The numerical investigation suggests that the superb performance of Bragg CDI is achieved with an oversampling ratio above 30 and a detection dynamic range above 6 orders. The observed performance degradation subject to the data binning processes is also studied. This numerical tool can be used to optimize experimental parameters and has the potential to significantly improve the throughput of Bragg CDI method.
Robust detection of exotic infectious diseases in animal herds: A comparative study of three decision methodologies under severe uncertainty
Creators: name: Troffaes, Matthias C. M.
name: Gosling, John Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.3
subject: 62C10, 62C20, 62P10

description: When animals are transported and pass through customs, some of them may have dangerous infectious diseases. Typically, due to the cost of testing, not all animals are tested: a reasonable selection must be made. How to test effectively whilst avoiding costly disease outbreaks? First, we extend a model proposed in the literature for the detection of invasive species to suit our purpose. Secondly, we explore and compare three decision methodologies on the problem at hand, namely, Bayesian statistics, info-gap theory and imprecise probability theory, all of which are designed to handle severe uncertainty. We show that, under rather general conditions, every info-gap solution is maximal with respect to a suitably chosen imprecise probability model, and that therefore, perhaps surprisingly, the set of maximal options can be inferred at least partly---and sometimes entirely---from an info-gap analysis.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables; v2: 15 pages, minor corrections, references added
title: Conformation and Dynamics of Long-Chain End-Tethered Polymers in Microchannels
Creators: name: Roy, Tamal
name: Szuttor, Kai
name: Smiatek, Jens
name: Holm, Christian
name: Hardt, Steffen
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: Polyelectrolytes constitute an important group of materials, used for such different purposes as the stabilization of emulsions and suspensions or oil recovery. They are also studied and utilized in the field of microfluidics. With respect to the latter, a part of the interest in polyelectrolytes inside microchannels stems from genetic analysis, considering that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules are polyelectrolytes. This review summarizes the single-molecule experimental and molecular dynamics simulation-based studies of end-tethered polyelectrolytes, especially addressing their relaxation dynamics and deformation characteristics under various external forces in micro-confined environments. In most of these studies, DNA is considered as a model polyelectrolyte. Apart from summarizing the results obtained in that area, the most important experimental and simulation techniques are explained.
High mortality rates in men initiated on anti-retroviral treatment in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Creators: name: Naidoo, Kogieleum
name: Hassan-Moosa, Razia
name: Yende-Zuma, Nonhlanhla
name: Govender, Dhineshree
name: Padayatchi, Nesri
name: Dawood, Halima
name: Adams, Rochelle Nicola
name: Govender, Aveshen
name: Chinappa, Tilagavathy
name: Abdool Karim, Salim
name: Abdool Karim, Quarraisha
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Antiretroviral agents
Mortality
HIV infections--Treatment
Epidemiology

description: In attaining UNAIDS targets of 90-90-90 to achieve epidemic control, understanding who the current utilizers of HIV treatment services are will inform efforts aimed at reaching those not being reached. A retrospective chart review of CAPRISA AIDS Treatment Program (CAT) patients between 2004 and 2013 was undertaken. Of the 4043 HIV-infected patients initiated on ART, 2586 (64.0%) were women. At ART initiation, men, compared to women, had significantly lower median CD4+ cell counts (113 vs 131 cells/mm3, p <0.001), lower median body mass index (BMI) (21.0 vs 24.2 kg/m2, p<0.001), higher mean log viral load (5.0 vs 4.9 copies/ml, p<0.001) and were significantly older (median age: 35 vs. 32 years, p<0.001). Men had higher mortality rates compared to women, 6.7 per 100 person-years (p-y), (95% CI: 5.8–7.8) vs. 4.4 per 100 p-y, (95% CI: 3.8–5.0); mortality rate ratio: 1.54, (95% CI: 1.27–1.87), p <0.001. Age-standardised mortality rate was 7.9 per 100 p-y (95% CI: 4.1–11.7) for men and 5.7 per 100 p-y (95% CI: 2.7 to 8.6) for women (standardised mortality ratio: 1.38 (1.15 to 1.70)). Mean CD4+ cell count increases post-ART initiation were lower in men at all follow-up time points. Men presented later in the course of their HIV disease for ART initiation with more advanced disease and experienced a higher mortality rate compared to women.
Ketogenic Diet: Its Impact on Lifestyle and Health
Creators: name: Lalhmangaihzuali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The ketogenic diet, characterized by high fat and low carbohydrate intake, induces ketosis. Initially proposed in the 1920s for diabetes and epilepsy, it emphasizes specific fat-to-carbohydrate ratios. Ketogenic diets have demonstrated efficacy in weight loss, impacting metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Glycerol from triglycerides generates glucose, benefiting central nervous system function. Ketone bodies, produced during fat metabolism, serve as a "super fuel" with potential benefits for various conditions. Ketogenic diet, coupled with exercise, shows mixed effects on cholesterol and cortisol levels. Ketogenic diets exhibit promises in addressing epilepsy by modulating nerve cell excitation. In cancer, the diet's glucose-limiting effects create an unfavorable environment for cancer cells, suggesting a potential adjuvant therapy. Despite its therapeutic potential, controversies persist regarding hormonal changes and outcomes. The ketogenic diet emerges as a multifaceted approach with diverse applications, warranting further research and clinical exploration.
How to distinguish starbursts and quiescently star-forming galaxies: The `bimodal' submillimetre galaxy population as a case study
Creators: name: Hayward, Christopher C.
name: Jonsson, Patrik
name: Kereš, Dušan
name: Magnelli, Benjamin
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Cox, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent work (arXiv:1101.0002) we have suggested that the high-redshift (z ~ 2-4) bright submillimetre galaxy (SMG) population is heterogeneous, with major mergers contributing both at early stages, where quiescently star-forming discs are blended into one submm source (`galaxy-pair SMGs'), and late stages, where mutual tidal torques drive gas inflows and cause strong starbursts. Here we combine hydrodynamic simulations of major mergers with 3-D dust radiative transfer calculations to determine observational diagnostics that can distinguish between quiescently star-forming SMGs and starburst SMGs via integrated data alone. We fit the far-IR SEDs of the simulated galaxies with the optically thin single-temperature modified blackbody, the full form of the single-temperature modified blackbody, and a power-law temperature-distribution model. The effective dust temperature, T_dust, and power-law index of the dust emissivity in the far-IR, β, derived can significantly depend on the fitting form used, and the intrinsic β of the dust is not recovered. However, for all forms used here, there is a T_dust above which almost all simulated galaxies are starbursts, so a T_dust cut is very effective at selecting starbursts. Simulated merger-induced starbursts also have higher L_IR/M_gas and L_IR/L_FUV than quiescently star-forming galaxies and lie above the star formation rate-stellar mass relation. These diagnostics can be used to test our claim that the SMG population is heterogeneous and to observationally determine what star formation mode dominates a given galaxy population. We comment on applicability of these diagnostics to ULIRGs that would not be selected as SMGs. These `hot-dust ULIRGs' are typically starburst galaxies lower in mass than SMGs, but they can also simply be SMGs observed from a different viewing angle.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Minor changes to text but otherwise identical to v1
Rendering the visible world : a critical examination of internalization, representation, order, and naming in a selection of contemporary metafictive alphabet books
Creators: name: LeMoal, Lara Lise
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This study seeks answer the question of what metafictive alphabet books offer outside of the aim of literacy education. The alphabet picturebook is often treated as irrelevant beyond its didactic purpose due to its seemingly transparent nature. Because alphabet books exist in theory as a purposive tool to aid in the learning of literacy skills, other attributes of alphabet books are overlooked. The relationships between signs and symbols found in conceptual alphabet picturebooks are complex and worthy of close examination. This research investigates how the four inherent functions of alphabet books (internalization, representation, order and naming) work in contemporary, non-traditional, metafictive alphabet picturebooks. The research uses a close reading of four primary texts utilizing a theoretical framework centred in the poetics of alphabetization. This study explores the ways in which the apparent simplicity of the alphabet picturebook masks its underlying structures, and how those structures contribute to our understanding of language.
title: Ecological Forecasting under Climate Change - the case of Baltic cod
Creators: name: Lindegren, Martin
name: Möllmann, Christian
name: Nielsen, Anders
name: Brander, Keith
name: MacKenzie, Brian
name: Stenseth, Nils Chr.
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Ecosystems worldwide have already shown clear evidence of change in response to global warming. Since ecosystems provide vital goods and services, our ability to anticipate future changes is of great concern. In order to be of value in decision making and management, ecological forecasts should explicitly account for uncertainties and provide quantitative assessments of the risks associated with management actions.
Dziasek_et_al_Source_data
Creators: name: Dziasek, Katarzyna
name: Santos-González, Juan
name: Qiu, Yichun
name: Rigola, Diana
name: Nijbroek, Koen
name: Köhler, Claudia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310803
subject: Plant cell and molecular biology

description: Files contain source data for the manuscript "Dosage sensitive maternal siRNAs determine hybridization success in Capsella" by Dziasek et al.
Reducing therapeutic misconception: A randomized intervention trial in hypothetical clinical trials
Creators: name: Christopher, Paul P.
name: Appelbaum, Paul S.
name: Truong, Debbie
name: Albert, Karen
name: Maranda, Louise
name: Lidz, Charles
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Clinical trials
Informed consent (Medical law)
Educational attainment
Psychiatry

description: Background:
Participants in clinical trials frequently fail to appreciate key differences between research and clinical care. This phenomenon, known as therapeutic misconception, undermines informed consent to clinical research, but to date there have been no effective interventions to reduce it and concerns have been expressed that to do so might impede recruitment. We determined whether a scientific reframing intervention reduces therapeutic misconception without significantly reducing willingness to participate in hypothetical clinical trials.

Methods:
This prospective randomized trial was conducted from 2015 to 2016 to test the efficacy of an informed consent intervention based on scientific reframing compared to a traditional informed consent procedure (control) in reducing therapeutic misconception among patients considering enrollment in hypothetical clinical trials modeled on real-world studies for one of five disease categories. Patients with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, head/neck cancer, breast cancer, and major depression were recruited from medical clinics and a clinical research volunteer database. The primary outcomes were therapeutic misconception, as measured by a validated, ten-item Therapeutic Misconception Scale (range = 10–50), and willingness to participate in the clinical trial.

Results:
154 participants completed the study (age range, 23–87 years; 92.3% white, 56.5% female); 74 (48.1%) had been randomized to receive the experimental intervention. Therapeutic misconception was significantly lower (p = 0.004) in the scientific reframing group (26.4, 95% CI [23.7 to 29.1] compared to the control group (30.9, 95% CI [28.4 to 33.5], and remained so after controlling for education (p = 0.017). Willingness to participate in the hypothetical trial was not significantly different (p = 0.603) between intervention (52.1%, 95% CI [40.2% to 62.4%]) and control (56.3%, 95% CI [45.3% to 66.6%] groups.

Conclusions:
An enhanced educational intervention augmenting traditional informed consent led to a meaningful reduction in therapeutic misconception without a statistically significant change in willingness to enroll in hypothetical clinical trials. Additional study of this intervention is required in real-world clinical trials.
Beyond the Planar Limit in ABJM
Creators: name: Koch, Robert de Mello
name: Mohammed, Badr Awad Elseid
name: Murugan, Jeff
name: Prinsloo, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we consider gauge theories with a U(N)X U(N) gauge group. We provide, for the first time, a complete set of operators built from scalar fields that are in the bi fundamental of the two groups. Our operators diagonalize the two point function of the free field theory at all orders in 1/N. We then use this basis to investigate non-planar anomalous dimensions in the ABJM theory. We show that the dilatation operator reduces to a set of decoupled harmonic oscillators, signaling integrability in a nonplanar large N limit.
description: v2: minor revisisons
title: Cod versus shrimp dominance in West Greenland waters: Can climate change reverse the regime shift from a cod to a shrimp dominated ecosystem off West Greenland?
Creators: name: Wieland, Kai
name: Hovgård, Holger
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Relative warm conditions prevailed at Greenland from the beginning to the mid of the 20th century and in this period a self-sustaining and very abundant cod stock existed in West Greenland offshore waters. A prolonged period of decline in stock biomass was observed from 1950 to 1975 at intense fishing. The West Greenland cod stock collapsed completely in the beginning of the 1990s when colder conditions prevailed and mean size at age declined drastically. Air and ocean temperature increased again above average in the end of the 1990s but first in 2005 an initial sign for a rebuilding of the stock has been seen. However, a self-sustaining spawning stock has yet not been re-established in Greenland offshore waters. An offshore fishery for Northern shrimp began in the 1970s and a threefold increase in stock biomass at West Greenland occurred from 1997 to 2003 at moderate fishing levels. In the most recent years, shrimp disappeared from Southwest Greenland where relative high temperatures were recorded, and the stock became more concentrated in the northern areas. Further, recruitment and subsequently stock biomass have decreased considerably in the past and this has raised concerns that the current level of exploitation of the shrimp stock may not be maintained in the future. The cod stock has actually a pronounced southern distribution at West Greenland and spatial overlap with the shrimp stock is therefore quite limited. However, the current temperature conditions and recruitment from a growing spawning stock notably off East Greenland may alter this in the coming years
The hierarchy of equivalence relations on the natural numbers under computable reducibility
Creators: name: Coskey, Samuel
name: Hamkins, Joel David
name: Miller, Russell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C57, 03D45, 03D55, 03E15

description: The notion of computable reducibility between equivalence relations on the natural numbers provides a natural computable analogue of Borel reducibility. We investigate the computable reducibility hierarchy, comparing and contrasting it with the Borel reducibility hierarchy from descriptive set theory. Meanwhile, the notion of computable reducibility appears well suited for an analysis of equivalence relations on the c.e.\ sets, and more specifically, on various classes of c.e.\ structures. This is a rich context with many natural examples, such as the isomorphism relation on c.e.\ graphs or on computably presented groups. Here, our exposition extends earlier work in the literature concerning the classification of computable structures. An abundance of open questions remains.
description: To appear in Computability
Charge dynamics in half-filled Hubbard chains with finite on-site interaction
Creators: name: Pereira, R. G.
name: Penc, K.
name: White, S. R.
name: Sacramento, P. D.
name: Carmelo, J. M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the charge dynamic structure factor of the one-dimensional Hubbard model with finite on-site repulsion U at half filling. Numerical results from the time-dependent density matrix renormalization group are analyzed by comparison with the exact spectrum of the model. The evolution of the line shape as a function of U is explained in terms of a relative transfer of spectral weight between the two-holon continuum that dominates in the limit U\to \infty and a subset of the two-holon-two-spinon continuum that reconstructs the electron-hole continuum in the limit U\to 0. Power-law singularities along boundary lines of the spectrum are described by effective impurity models that are explicitly invariant under spin and η-spin SU(2) rotations. The Mott-Hubbard metal-insulator transition is reflected in a discontinuous change of the exponents of edge singularities at U=0. The sharp feature observed in the spectrum for momenta near the zone boundary is attributed to a Van Hove singularity that persists as a consequence of integrability.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures
title: DEPRECATED: Active security vulnerability notification and resolution
Creators: name: Alayed, Abdulaziz Ibrahim
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2006

description: The early version of the Internet was designed for connectivity only, without the consideration of security, and the Internet is consequently an open structure. Networked systems are vulnerable for a number of reasons; design error, implementation, and management. A vulnerability is a hole or weak point that can be exploited to compromise the security of the system. Operating systems and applications are often vulnerable because of design errors. Software vendors release patches for discovered vulnerabilities, and rely upon system administrators to accept and install patches on their systems. Many system administrators fail to install patches on time, and consequently leave their systems vulnerable to exploitation by hackers. This exploitation can result in various security breaches, including website defacement, denial of service, or malware attacks. The overall problem is significant with an average of 115 vulnerabilities per week being documented during 2005. This thesis considers the problem of vulnerabilities in IT networked systems, and maps the vulnerability types into a technical taxonomy. The thesis presents a thorough analysis of the existing methods of vulnerability management which determine that these methods have failed to mange the problem in a comprehensive way, and show the need for a comprehensive management system, capable of addressing the awareness and patch deploymentp roblems. A critical examination of vulnerability databasess tatistics over the past few years is provided, together with a benchmarking of the problem in a reference environment with a discussion of why a new approach is needed. The research examined and compared different vulnerability advisories, and proposed a generic vulnerability format towards automating the notification process. The thesis identifies the standard process of addressing vulnerabilities and the over reliance upon the manual method. An automated management system must take into account new vulnerabilities and patch deploymentt o provide a comprehensives olution. The overall aim of the research has therefore been to design a new framework to address these flaws in the networked systems harmonised with the standard system administrator process. The approach, known as AVMS (Automated Vulnerability Management System), is capable of filtering and prioritising the relevant messages, and then downloading the associated patches and deploying them to the required machines. The framework is validated through a proof-of-concept prototype system. A series of tests involving different advisories are used to illustrate how AVMS would behave. This helped to prove that the automated vulnerability management system prototype is indeed viable, and that the research has provided a suitable contribution to knowledge in this important domain.
Multiplanar strain quantification for assessment of right ventricular dysfunction and non-ischemic fibrosis among patients with ischemic mitral regurgitation
Creators: name: Di Franco, Antonino
name: Kim, Jiwon
name: Rodriguez-Diego, Sara
name: Khalique, Omar
name: Siden, Jonathan Y.
name: Goldburg, Samantha R.
name: Mehta, Neil K.
name: Srinivasan, Aparna
name: Ratcliffe, Mark B.
name: Levine, Robert A.
name: Crea, Filippo
name: Devereux, Richard B.
name: Weinsaft, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Heart--Right ventricle
Cardiology
Medicine
Echocardiography

description: Background:
Ischemic mitral regurgitation (iMR) predisposes to right ventricular (RV) pressure and volume overload, providing a nidus for RV dysfunction (RVDYS) and non-ischemic fibrosis (NIF). Echocardiography (echo) is widely used to assess iMR, but performance of different indices as markers of RVDYS and NIF is unknown.

Methods:
iMR patients prospectively underwent echo and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) within 72 hours. Echo quantified iMR, assessed conventional RV indices (TAPSE, RV-S’, fractional area change [FAC]), and strain via speckle tracking in apical 4-chamber (global longitudinal strain [RV-GLS]) and parasternal long axis orientation (transverse strain). CMR volumetrically quantified RVEF, and assessed ischemic pattern myocardial infarction (MI) and septal NIF.

Results:
73 iMR patients were studied; 36% had RVDYS (EF<50%) on CMR among whom LVEF was lower, PA systolic pressure higher, and MI size larger (all p<0.05). CMR RVEF was paralleled by echo results; correlations were highest for RV-GLS (r = 0.73) and lowest for RV-S’ (r = 0.43; all p<0.001). RVDYS patients more often had CMR-evidenced NIF (54% vs. 7%; p<0.001). Whereas all RV indices were lower among NIF-affected patients (all p≤0.006), percent change was largest for transverse strain (48.3%). CMR RVEF was independently associated with RV-GLS (partial r = 0.57, p<0.001) and transverse strain (r = 0.38, p = 0.002) (R = 0.78, p<0.001). Overall diagnostic performance of RV-GLS and transverse strain were similar (AUC = 0.93[0.87–0.99]|0.91[0.84–0.99], both p<0.001), and yielded near equivalent sensitivity and specificity (85%|83% and 80%|79% respectively).

Conclusion:
Compared to conventional echo indices, RV strain parameters yield stronger correlation with CMR-defined RVEF and potentially constitute better markers of CMR-evidenced NIF in iMR.
The Reversal Ratio of a Poset
Creators: name: Brightwell, Graham
name: Keller, Mitchel T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06A07

description: Felsner and Reuter introduced the linear extension diameter of a partially ordered set $\mathbf{P}$, denoted $\mbox{led}(\mathbf{P})$, as the maximum distance between two linear extensions of $\mathbf{P}$, where distance is defined to be the number of incomparable pairs appearing in opposite orders (reversed) in the linear extensions. In this paper, we introduce the reversal ratio $RR(\mathbf{P})$ of $\mathbf{P}$ as the ratio of the linear extension diameter to the number of (unordered) incomparable pairs. We use probabilistic techniques to provide a family of posets $\mathbf{P}_k$ on at most $k\log k$ elements for which the reversal ratio $RR(\mathbf{P}_k)\leq C/\log k$, where $C$ is a constant. We also examine the questions of bounding the reversal ratio in terms of order dimension and width.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures; Accepted for publication in ORDER
On AdS/CFT without Massless Gravitons
Creators: name: Apolo, Luis
name: Porrati, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that it is possible to define CFT duals to AdS theories with massive gravitons only. This is achieved by considering the product of two or more CFTs on the boundary, each possessing a large-N expansion and a corresponding bulk dual. It is possible to couple the CFTs through a marginal perturbation that makes all but one of the bulk gravitons massive. In the infinite-N limit for one of the CFTs the massless graviton decouples.
description: 4 pages; v2: minor typos corrected, version accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Partizipation stärken - Schule entwickeln (1. Ausgabe)
Creators: name: Häbig, Julia
name: Zala-Mezö, Enikö
name: Müller-Kuhn, Daniela
name: Strauss, Nina-Cathrin
name: Herzig, Pascale
name: Kuster, Reto
name: Unterweger, Gisela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: Eine Projektzeitung des Zentrums für Schulentwicklung der Pädagogischen Hochschule Zürich.
description: +repphzhbib2016F
Association Between Assisted Reproductive Technology Conception and Autism in California, 1997–2007
Creators: name: Fountain, Christine
name: Zhang, Yujia
name: Kissin, Dmitry M.
name: Schieve, Laura A.
name: Jamieson, Denise J.
name: Rice, Catherine
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: ART
Autism in children
Autism spectrum disorders
Human reproductive technology

description: Objectives. We assessed the association between assisted reproductive technology (ART) and diagnosed autistic disorder in a population-based sample of California births. Methods. We performed an observational cohort study using linked records from the California Birth Master Files for 1997 through 2007, the California Department of Developmental Services autism caseload for 1997 through 2011, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National ART Surveillance System for live births in 1997 through 2007. Participants were all 5 926 251 live births, including 48 865 ART-originated infants and 32 922 cases of autism diagnosed by the Department of Developmental Services. We compared births originated using ART with births originated without ART for incidence of autism.Results. In the full population, the incidence of diagnosed autism was twice as high for ART as non-ART births. The association was diminished by excluding mothers unlikely to use ART; adjustment for demographic and adverse prenatal and perinatal outcomes reduced the association substantially, although statistical significance persisted for mothers aged 20 to 34 years. Conclusions. The association between ART and autism is primarily explained by adverse prenatal and perinatal outcomes and multiple births.
Complex Random Energy Model: Zeros and Fluctuations
Creators: name: Kabluchko, Zakhar
name: Klimovsky, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60G50 (Primary) 82B44, 60E07, 30B20, 60F05, 60F17, 60G15 (Secondary)

description: The partition function of the random energy model at inverse temperature $β$ is a sum of random exponentials $Z_N(β)=\sum_{k=1}^N \exp(β\sqrt{n} X_k)$, where $X_1,X_2,...$ are independent real standard normal random variables (= random energies), and $n=\log N$. We study the large $N$ limit of the partition function viewed as an analytic function of the complex variable $β$. We identify the asymptotic structure of complex zeros of the partition function confirming and extending predictions made in the theoretical physics literature. We prove limit theorems for the random partition function at complex $β$, both on the logarithmic scale and on the level of limiting distributions. Our results cover also the case of the sums of independent identically distributed random exponentials with any given correlations between the real and imaginary parts of the random exponent.
description: 31 pages, 1 figure