cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hydrostatic Mass Profiles of Galaxy Clusters in the eROSITA Survey
Creators: name: Scheck, Dominik
name: Sanders, Jeremy S.
name: Biffi, Veronica
name: Dolag, Klaus
name: Bulbul, Esra
name: Liu, Ang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To assume hydrostatic equilibrium between the intracluster medium and the gravitational potential of galaxy clusters is an extensively used method to investigate their total masses. We want to test hydrostatic masses obtained with an observational code in the context of the SRG/eROSITA survey. We use the hydrostatic modeling code MBProj2 to fit surface-brightness profiles to simulated clusters with idealized properties as well as to a sample of 93 clusters taken from the Magneticum Pathfinder simulations. We investigate the latter under the assumption of idealized observational conditions and also for realistic eROSITA data quality. The comparison of the fitted cumulative total mass profiles and the true mass profiles provided by the simulations allows to gain knowledge about the reliability of our approach. Furthermore, we use the true profiles for gas density and pressure to compute hydrostatic mass profiles based on theory for every cluster. For an idealized cluster that was simulated to fulfill perfect hydrostatic equilibrium, we find that the cumulative total mass at the true $r_{500}$ and $r_{200}$ can be reproduced with deviations of less than 7%. For the clusters from the Magneticum Pathfinder simulations under idealized observational conditions, the median values of the fitted cumulative total masses at the true $r_{500}$ and $r_{200}$ are in agreement with our expectations, taking into account the hydrostatic mass bias. Nevertheless, we find a tendency towards a too high steepness of the cumulative total mass profiles in the outskirts. For realistic eROSITA data quality, this steepness problem intensifies for clusters with high redshifts and thus leads to too high cumulative total masses at $r_{200}$. For the hydrostatic masses based on the true profiles known from the simulations, we find a good agreement with our expectations concerning the hydrostatic mass.
Additional file 2 of Nurse, midwife and patient perspectives and experiences of diabetes management in an acute inpatient setting: a mixed-methods study
Creators: name: Holton, Sara
name: Rasmussen, Bodil
name: Turner, Joy
name: Steele, Cheryl
name: Ariarajah, Deepa
name: Hamblin, Shane
name: Crowe, Shane
name: Schutte, Sandy
name: Wynter, Karen
name: Hussain, Ilyana Mohamed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Supplementary materials - Tables from Colour as a backup for scent in the presence of olfactory noise: testing the efficacy backup hypothesis using bumblebees (Bombus terrestris)
Creators: name: Lawson, David A.
name: Whitney, Heather M.
name: Rands, Sean A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Tables referred to in text
The Spitzer c2d Survey of Large, Nearby, Interstellar Clouds. XII. The Perseus YSO Population as Observed with IRAC and MIPS
Creators: name: Young, Kaisa E.
name: Young, Chadwick H.
name: Lai, Shih-Ping
name: Dunham, Michael M.
name: Evans, Neal J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Spitzer Space Telescope mapped the Perseus molecular cloud complex with IRAC and MIPS as part of the c2d Spitzer Legacy project. This paper combines the observations from both instruments giving an overview of low-mass star formation across Perseus from 3.6 to 70 micron. We provide an updated list of young stellar objects with new classifications and source fluxes from previous works, identifying 369 YSOs in Perseus with the Spitzer dataset. By synthesizing the IRAC and MIPS maps of Perseus and building on the work of previous papers in this series (Jorgensen et al. 2006, Rebull et al. 2007), we present a current census of star formation across the cloud and within smaller regions. 67% of the YSOs are associated with the young clusters NGC 1333 and IC 348. The majority of the star formation activity in Perseus occurs in the regions around the clusters, to the eastern and western ends of the cloud complex. The middle of the cloud is nearly empty of YSOs despite containing regions of high visual extinction. The western half of Perseus contains three-quarters of the total number of embedded YSOs (Class 0+I and Flat SED sources) in the cloud and nearly as many embedded YSOs as Class II and III sources. Class II and III greatly outnumber Class 0+I objects in eastern Perseus and IC 348. These results are consistent with previous age estimates for the clusters. Across the cloud, 56% of YSOs and 91% of the Class 0+I and Flat sources are in areas where Av > 5 mag, indicating a possible extinction threshold for star formation.
description: 23 pages including 10 figures and 4 tables, to be published in the Astronomical Journal
SMEFT deviations
Creators: name: Camponovo, Federico
name: Passarino, Giampiero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work is based on a bottom{-}up approach to the standard{-}model effective field theory (SMEFT), resulting in an equiprobable space of Wilson coefficients. The randomly generated Wilson coefficients of the SMEFT (in the Warsaw basis) are treated as pseudo-data and, for each observable, the corresponding probability density function is computed. The goal has been to understand how large are the deviations from the SM once the SMEFT scale and the range of the Wilson coefficients are selected. Correlations between different observables are also discussed.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
Supplementary Figure S4 from Evolutionary history of enigmatic bears in the Tibetan Plateau-Himalaya Region and the identity of the Yeti.
Creators: name: Tianying Lan
name: Gill, Stephanie
name: Bellemain, Eva
name: Bischof, Richard
name: Nawaz, Muhammad Ali
name: Lindqvist, Charlotte
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: BEAST maximum clade credibility tree based on complete mitochondrial genome sequences only. This is the complete version of the tree in Figure 3 with estimated divergence time shown on all nodes.
A comparative study of source-finding techniques in HI emission line cubes using SoFiA, MTObjects, and supervised deep learning
Creators: name: Barkai, J. A.
name: Verheijen, M. A. W.
name: Martínez, E. T.
name: Wilkinson, M. H. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.6; I.2.10
subject: 85-08

description: The 21 cm spectral line emission of atomic neutral hydrogen (HI) is one of the primary wavelengths observed in radio astronomy. However, the signal is intrinsically faint and the HI content of galaxies depends on the cosmic environment, requiring large survey volumes and survey depth to investigate the HI Universe. As the amount of data coming from these surveys continues to increase with technological improvements, so does the need for automatic techniques for identifying and characterising HI sources while considering the tradeoff between completeness and purity. This study aimed to find the optimal pipeline for finding and masking the most sources with the best mask quality and the fewest artefacts in 3D neutral hydrogen cubes. Various existing methods were explored in an attempt to create a pipeline to optimally identify and mask the sources in 3D neutral hydrogen 21 cm spectral line data cubes. Two traditional source-finding methods were tested, SoFiA and MTObjects, as well as a new supervised deep learning approach, in which a 3D convolutional neural network architecture, known as V-Net was used. These three source-finding methods were further improved by adding a classical machine learning classifier as a post-processing step to remove false positive detections. The pipelines were tested on HI data cubes from the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope with additional inserted mock galaxies. SoFiA combined with a random forest classifier provided the best results, with the V-Net-random forest combination a close second. We suspect this is due to the fact that there are many more mock sources in the training set than real sources. There is, therefore, room to improve the quality of the V-Net network with better-labelled data such that it can potentially outperform SoFiA.
On Conservation Equation Combinations and Closure Relations
Creators: name: Gray, William G.
name: Dye, Amanda L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Fundamental conservation equations for mass, momentum and energy of chemical species can be combined with thermodynamic relations to obtain secondary forms, such as conservation equations for phases, an internal energy balance and a mechanical energy balance. In fact, the forms of secondary equations are infinite and depend on the criteria used in determining which species-based equations to employ and how to combine them. If one uses these secondary forms in developing an entropy inequality to be used in formulating closure relations, care must be employed to ensure that the appropriate equations are used, or problematic results can develop for multispecies systems. We show here that the use of the fundamental forms minimizes the chance of an erroneous formulation in terms of secondary forms and also provides guidance as to which secondary forms should be used if one uses them as a starting point.
Marine snow formation in the aftermath of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico
Creators: name: Ziervogel, K.
name: Asper, V.
name: Passow, U.
name: Diercks, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The large marine snow formation event observed in oil-contaminated surface waters of the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) after the Deepwater Horizon accident possibly played a key role in the fate of the surface oil. We characterized the unusually large and mucus-rich marine snow that formed and conducted roller table experiments to investigate their formation mechanisms. Once marine snow lost its buoyancy, its sinking velocity, porosity and excess density were then similar to those of diatom or miscellaneous aggregates. The hydrated density of the component particles of the marine snow from the GoM was remarkably variable, suggesting a wide variety of component types. Our experiments suggest that the marine snow appearing at the surface after the oil spill was formed through the interaction of three mechanisms: (1) production of mucous webs through the activities of bacterial oil-degraders associated with the floating oil layer; (2) production of oily particulate matter through interactions of oil components with suspended matter and their coagulation; and (3) coagulation of phytoplankton with oil droplets incorporated into aggregates. Marine snow formed in some, but not all, experiments with water from the subsurface plume of dissolved hydrocarbons, emphasizing the complexity of the conditions leading to the formation of marine snow in oil-contaminated seawater at depth.
(2912) Robert Wynne Williams
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Discrete time markovian agents interacting through a potential
Creators: name: Budhiraja, Amarjit
name: Del Moral, Pierre
name: Rubenthaler, Sylvain
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: A discrete time stochastic model for a multiagent system given in terms of a large collection of interacting Markov chains is studied. The evolution of the interacting particles is described through a time inhomogeneous transition probability kernel that depends on the 'gradient' of the potential field. The particles, in turn, dynamically modify the potential field through their cumulative input. Interacting Markov processes of the above form have been suggested as models for active biological transport in response to external stimulus such as a chemical gradient. One of the basic mathematical challenges is to develop a general theory of stability for such interacting Markovian systems and for the corresponding nonlinear Markov processes that arise in the large agent limit. Such a theory would be key to a mathematical understanding of the interactive structure formation that results from the complex feedback between the agents and the potential field. It will also be a crucial ingredient in developing simulation schemes that are faithful to the underlying model over long periods of time. The goal of this work is to study qualitative properties of the above stochastic system as the number of particles (N ) and the time parameter (n) approach infinity. In this regard asymptotic properties of a deterministic nonlinear dynamical system, that arises in the propagation of chaos limit of the stochastic model, play a key role. We show that under suitable conditions this dynamical system has a unique fixed point. This result allows us to study stability properties of the underlying stochastic model. We show that as N → ∞, the stochastic system is well approximated by the dynamical system, uniformly over time. As a consequence, for an arbitrarily initialized system, as N → ∞ and n → ∞, the potential field and the empirical measure of the interacting particles are shown to converge to the unique fixed point of the dynamical system. In general, simulation of such interacting Markovian systems is a computationally daunting task. We propose a particle based approximation for the dynamic potential field which allows for a numerically tractable simulation scheme. It is shown that this simulation scheme well approximates the true physical system, uniformly over an infinite time horizon.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Evolutionary history of enigmatic bears in the Tibetan Plateau-Himalaya Region and the identity of the Yeti.
Creators: name: Tianying Lan
name: Gill, Stephanie
name: Bellemain, Eva
name: Bischof, Richard
name: Nawaz, Muhammad Ali
name: Lindqvist, Charlotte
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Bayesian Inferenced tree based on complete mitochondrial genomes of non-Tibetan-Himalayan bears only and both amplicon and complete mitochondrial sequences of Tibetan and Himalayan bears from GenBank and sequences produced in this study (same dataset as in Figure S2). This is the complete version of the tree in Figure 2B, here with posterior probability values over 0.95 shown.
Additional file 3 of Nurse, midwife and patient perspectives and experiences of diabetes management in an acute inpatient setting: a mixed-methods study
Creators: name: Holton, Sara
name: Rasmussen, Bodil
name: Turner, Joy
name: Steele, Cheryl
name: Ariarajah, Deepa
name: Hamblin, Shane
name: Crowe, Shane
name: Schutte, Sandy
name: Wynter, Karen
name: Hussain, Ilyana Mohamed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3.
Development of a free boundary Tokamak Equilibrium Solver (TES) for Advanced Study of Tokamak Equilibria
Creators: name: Jeon, Y. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A free-boundary Tokamak Equilibrium Solver (TES), developed for advanced study of tokamak equilibra, is described with two distinctive features. One is a generalized method to resolve the intrinsic axisymmetric instability, which is encountered after all in equilibrium calculation with a free-boundary condition. The other is an extension to deal with a new divertor geometry such as snowflake or X divertors. For validations, the uniqueness of a solution is confirmed by the independence on variations of computational domain, the mathematical correctness and accuracy of equilibrium profiles are checked by a direct comparison with an analytic equilibrium known as a generalized Solovev equilibrium, and the governing force balance relation is tested by examining the intrinsic axisymmetric instabilities. As a valuable application, a snowflake equilibrium that requires a second order zero of the poloidal magnetic field is discussed in the circumstance of KSTAR coil system.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
Symmetry protected vortex bound state in superfluid $^3$He B-phase
Creators: name: Tsutsumi, Yasumasa
name: Kawakami, Takuto
name: Shiozaki, Ken
name: Sato, Masatoshi
name: Machida, Kazushige
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superfluid $^3$He formed by spin-triplet $p$-wave Cooper pairs is a typical topological superfluid. In the superfluid $^3$He B-phase, several kinds of vortices classified by spatial symmetries $P_1$, $P_2$, and $P_3$ are produced, where $P_1$ is inversion symmetry, $P_2$ is magnetic reflection symmetry, and $P_3$ is magnetic $π$-rotation symmetry. We have calculated the vortex bound states by the Bogoliubov-de Gennes theory and the quasiclassical Eilenberger theory, and also clarified symmetry protection of the low energy excitations by the spatial symmetries. On the symmetry protection, $P_3$ symmetry plays a key role which gives two-fold degenerate Majorana zero modes. Then, the bound states in the most symmetric $o$ vortex with $P_1$, $P_2$, and $P_3$ symmetries and in $w$ vortex with $P_3$ symmetry have the symmetry protected degenerate Majorana zero modes. On the other hand, zero energy modes in $v$ vortex, which is believed to be realized in the actual B-phase, are not protected, and in consequence become gapped by breaking axial symmetry. The excitation gap may have been observed as the variation of critical velocity. We have also suggested an experimental setup to create $o$ vortex with Majorana zero modes by a confinement and a magnetic field.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
(2908) Marion Maxwell Wyatt
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 1 of Aerosol reduction efficacy of different intra-oral suction devices during ultrasonic scaling and high-speed handpiece use
Creators: name: Piela, Krystyna
name: Watson, Paddy
name: Donnelly, Reuben
name: Goulding, Marilyn
name: Henriquez, Fiona L.
name: MacKay, William
name: Culshaw, Shauna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Study setup within the Clinical Research Facility. Plan and section view of the study setup within the Clinical Research Facility; and figures showing the positioning of the particle sensors relative to the incisal edges, for both the single and dual sensor setups (drawings created by Dr Piotr J. Lesniak).
Ag and Au Atoms Intercalated in Bilayer Heterostructures of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides and Graphene
Creators: name: Iyikanat, F.
name: Sahin, H.
name: Senger, R. T.
name: Peeters, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diffusive motion of metal nanoparticles Au and Ag on monolayer and between bilayer heterostructures of transition metal dichalcogenides and graphene are investigated in the framework of density functional theory. We found that the minimum energy barriers for diffusion and the possibility of cluster formation depend strongly on both the type of nanoparticle and the type of monolayers and bilayers. Moreover, the tendency to form clusters of Ag and Au can be tuned by creating various bilayers. Tunability of the diffusion characteristics of adatoms in van der Waals heterostructures holds promise for controllable growth of nanostructures.
description: accepted, APL Mat
Supplementary Figure S2 from Evolutionary history of enigmatic bears in the Tibetan Plateau-Himalaya Region and the identity of the Yeti.
Creators: name: Tianying Lan
name: Gill, Stephanie
name: Bellemain, Eva
name: Bischof, Richard
name: Nawaz, Muhammad Ali
name: Lindqvist, Charlotte
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Maximum Likelihood tree based on complete mitochondrial genomes of non-Tibetan-Himalayan bears only and both amplicon and complete mitochondrial sequences of Tibetan and Himalayan bears from GenBank and sequences produced in this study. This is the complete version of the tree in Figure 2A, here with bootstrap values over 60 shown.
Supplementary Figure S4 from Evolutionary history of enigmatic bears in the Tibetan Plateau-Himalaya Region and the identity of the Yeti
Creators: name: Tianying Lan
name: Gill, Stephanie
name: Bellemain, Eva
name: Bischof, Richard
name: Nawaz, Muhammad Ali
name: Lindqvist, Charlotte
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: BEAST maximum clade credibility tree based on complete mitochondrial genome sequences only. This is the complete version of the tree in Figure 3 with estimated divergence time shown on all nodes.
Taking a break: paused accretion in the symbiotic binary RT Cru
Creators: name: Pujol, A.
name: Luna, G. J. M.
name: Mukai, K.
name: Sokoloski, J. L.
name: Kuin, N. P. M.
name: Walter, F. M.
name: Angeloni, R.
name: Nikolov, Y.
name: de Oliveira, R. Lopes
name: Nuñez, N. E.
name: Arancibia, M. Jaque
name: Palma, T.
name: Gramajo, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symbiotic binaries sometimes hide their symbiotic nature for significant periods of time. There is mounting observational evidence that in those symbiotics that are powered solely by accretion of red-giant's wind material onto a white dwarf, without any quasi-steady shell burning on the surface of the white dwarf, the characteristic emission lines in the optical spectrum can vanish, leaving the semblance of an isolated red giant spectrum. Here we present compelling evidence that this disappearance of optical emission lines from the spectrum of RT Cru during 2019 was due to a decrease in the accretion rate, which we derive by modeling the X-ray spectrum. This drop in accretion rate leads to a lower flux of ionizing photons and thus to faint/absent photoionization emission lines in the optical spectrum. We observed the white dwarf symbiotic RT Cru with XMM-Newton and Swift in X-rays and UV and collected ground-based optical spectra and photometry over the last 33 years. This long-term coverage shows that during most of the year 2019, the accretion rate onto the white dwarf was so low, $\dot{M}= (3.2\pm 0.06)\, \times$10$^{-11}$ $M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$ (d/2.52 kpc)$^2$, that the historically detected hard X-ray emission almost vanished, the UV flux faded by roughly 5 magnitudes, the $U$, $B$ and $V$ flickering amplitude decreased, and the Balmer lines virtually disappeared from January through March 2019. Long-lasting low-accretion episodes as the one reported here may hamper the chances of RT Cru experiencing nova-type outburst despite the high-mass of the accreting white dwarf.
description: Accepted in A&A
Supplementary Tables S1-S4 from Evolutionary history of enigmatic bears in the Tibetan Plateau-Himalaya Region and the identity of the Yeti.
Creators: name: Tianying Lan
name: Gill, Stephanie
name: Bellemain, Eva
name: Bischof, Richard
name: Nawaz, Muhammad Ali
name: Lindqvist, Charlotte
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Supplementary Material
Supplementary Figure S1 from Evolutionary history of enigmatic bears in the Tibetan Plateau-Himalaya Region and the identity of the Yeti.
Creators: name: Tianying Lan
name: Gill, Stephanie
name: Bellemain, Eva
name: Bischof, Richard
name: Nawaz, Muhammad Ali
name: Lindqvist, Charlotte
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Maximum Likelihood tree based on complete mitochondrial genomes, partial control region sequences, and cytochrome b sequences from GenBank, and all new sequences produced in this study.
(2910) Richard Henry Wyatt
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 2 of Aerosol reduction efficacy of different intra-oral suction devices during ultrasonic scaling and high-speed handpiece use
Creators: name: Piela, Krystyna
name: Watson, Paddy
name: Donnelly, Reuben
name: Goulding, Marilyn
name: Henriquez, Fiona L.
name: MacKay, William
name: Culshaw, Shauna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Creating files for data storage and Bash code for processing of the raw particle sensor data.
Dynamical regimes and transitions in Plio-Pleistocene Asian monsoon
Creators: name: Marwan, N.
name: Zou, Y.
name: Kurths, J.
name: Malik, N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: We propose a novel approach based on the fluctuation of similarity to identify regimes of distinct dynamical complexity in short time series. A statistical test is developed to estimate the significance of the identified transitions. Our method is verified by uncovering bifurcation structures in several paradigmatic models, providing more complex transitions compared with traditional Lyapunov exponents. In a real-world situation, we apply this method to identify millennial-scale dynamical transitions in Plio-Pleistocene proxy records of the South Asian summer monsoon system. We infer that many of these transitions are induced by the external forcing of the solar insolation and are also affected by internal forcing on Monsoonal dynamics, i.e ., the glaciation cycles of the Northern Hemisphere and the onset of the Walker circulation.
Entanglement of the Ising-Heisenberg diamond spin-1/2 cluster in evolution
Creators: name: Kuzmak, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the last two decades, magnetic, thermodynamic properties and bipartite thermal entanglement in diamond spin clusters and chains have been studied. Such spin structures are presented in various compounds. The ions of $Cu^{2+}$ in the natural mineral azurite are arranged in a diamond spin chain. There are no studies of the entanglement behaviour during the quantum evolution of such systems. Herein, we consider the evolution of entanglement in the diamond spin-1/2 cluster. This cluster consists of two central spins described by the anisotropic Heisenberg model, which interact with two side spins via Ising interaction. The influence of the interaction coupling with side spins on the entanglement of central spins is investigated. It is shown that choosing the value of this coupling allows us to control the behaviour of entanglement between central spins. As a result, we find conditions for achieving the maximal values of entanglement. In addition, the entanglement behaviour between the side spins, central and side spins, and between a certain spin and the rest of the system is studied. In these cases, the conditions for achieving maximal entanglement are also obtained.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Employing ternary fission of $^{242}$Pu as a probe of very neutron rich matter
Creators: name: Natowitz, J. B.
name: Pais, H.
name: Röpke, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed assessments of the ability of recent theoretical approaches to modeling existing experimental data for ternary fission confirm earlier indications that the dominant mode of cluster formation in ternary fission is clusterization in very neutron rich, very low density, essentially chemically equilibrated, nucleonic matter. An extended study and comparison of these approaches applied to ternary fission yields in the thermal neutron induced reaction $^{241}$Pu($n_{\rm th}$,f) has been undertaken to refine the characterization of the source matter. The resonance gas approximation has been improved taking in-medium effects on the binding energies into account. A temperature of 1.29 MeV, density of $6.7 \times 10^{-5}$ nucleons/fm$^3$ and proton fraction $Y_p$ = 0.035 are found to provide a good representation of yields of the ternary emitted light particles and clusters. In particular, results for $Z= 1$ and 2 isotopes are presented. Isotopes with larger $Z$ are discussed, and the roles of medium and continuum effects, even at very low density are illustrated.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
HI scaling relations of galaxies in the environment of HI-rich and control galaxies observed by the Bluedisk project
Creators: name: Wang, Enci
name: Wang, Jing
name: Kauffmann, Guinevere
name: Jozsa, Gyula I. G.
name: Li, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our work is based on the "Bluedisk" project, a program to map the neutral gas in a sample of 25 HI-rich spirals and a similar number of control galaxies with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT). In this paper we focus on the HI properties of the galaxies in the environment of our targeted galaxies. In total, we extract 65 galaxies from the WSRT cubes with stellar masses between $10^8M_{\odot}$ and $10^{11}M_{\odot}$. Most of these galaxies are located on the same HI mass-size relation and "HI-plane" as normal spiral galaxies. We find that companions around HI-rich galaxies tend to be HI-rich as well and to have larger R90,HI/R50,HI. This suggests a scenario of "HI conformity", similar to the colour conformity found by Weinmann et al. (2006): galaxies tend to adopt the HI properties of their neighbours. We visually inspect the outliers from the HI mass-size relation and galaxies which are offset from the HI plane and find that they show morphological and kinematical signatures of recent interactions with their environment. We speculate that these outliers have been disturbed by tidal or ram-pressure stripping processes, or in a few cases, by accretion events.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Supplementary Figure S3 from Evolutionary history of enigmatic bears in the Tibetan Plateau-Himalaya Region and the identity of the Yeti
Creators: name: Tianying Lan
name: Gill, Stephanie
name: Bellemain, Eva
name: Bischof, Richard
name: Nawaz, Muhammad Ali
name: Lindqvist, Charlotte
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Bayesian Inferenced tree based on complete mitochondrial genomes of non-Tibetan-Himalayan bears only and both amplicon and complete mitochondrial sequences of Tibetan and Himalayan bears from GenBank and sequences produced in this study (same dataset as in Figure S2). This is the complete version of the tree in Figure 2B, here with posterior probability values over 0.95 shown.
Viable phenomenologies of the normal state of cuprates
Creators: name: Khveshchenko, D. V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We revisit the problem of constructing an elusive scaling theory of the strange metal phase of the cuprates. By using the four robust experimentally established temperature dependencies as the constitutive relations we then predict the scaling behaviors of a number of other observables, all those for which the reliable data are available being in agreement with experiment. Such predictions are also contrasted against the recent proposal inspired by the holographic approach, thus allowing one to critically assess the status of the latter.
Community Participation and Benefits in REDD+: A Review of Initial Outcomes and Lessons
Creators: name: Madeira, Erin Myers
name: Ganz, David J.
name: Lawlor, Kathleen
name: Blockhus, Jill
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The advent of initiatives to reduce emissions from deforestation and degradation and enhance forest carbon stocks (REDD+) in developing countries has raised much concern regarding impacts on local communities. To inform this debate, we analyze the initial outcomes of those REDD+ projects that systematically report on their socio-economic dimensions. To categorize and compare projects, we develop a participation and benefits framework that considers REDD+'s effects on local populations' opportunities (jobs, income), security (of tenure and ecosystem services), and empowerment (participation in land use and development decisions). We find material benefits, in terms of jobs and income, to be, thus far, modest. On the other hand, we find that many projects are helping populations gain tenure rights. A majority of projects are obtaining local populations' free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC). However, for those projects interacting with multiple populations, extent of participation and effects on forest access are often uneven. Our participation and benefits framework can be a useful tool for identifying the multi-faceted socio-economic impacts of REDD+, which are realized under different timescales. The framework and initial trends reported here can be used to build hypotheses for future REDD+ impact evaluations and contribute to evolving theories of incentive-based environmental policy.
Uniaxial negative thermal expansion in an orthorhombic superconductor CoZr3
Creators: name: Arima, Hiroto
name: Inui, Tatsuki
name: Yamashita, Aichi
name: Miura, Akira
name: Itou, Hiroaki
name: Moriyoshi, Chikako
name: Fujihisa, Hiroshi
name: Mizuguchi, Yoshikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the temperature evolution of crystal structure of orthorhombic CoZr3, which is a superconductor with a transition temperature of 4.3 K, by synchrotron and laboratory (CuKα) X-ray diffraction. Uniaxial negative thermal expansion along the c-axis, which is similar to that observed in tetragonal CoZr2, has been observed at a wide temperature range of T = 90-800 K in CoZr3, while a-and b-axis exhibit positive thermal expansion.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, supplemental materials
Multi-Level Policy Dialogues, Processes, and Actions: Challenges and Opportunities for National REDD+ Safeguards Measurement, Reporting, and Verification (MRV)
Creators: name: Lawlor, Kathleen
name: Brockhaus, Maria
name: Gebara, Maria Fernanda
name: Sunderlin, William D.
name: Resosudarmo, Ida Aju Pradnja
name: Duchelle, Amy E.
name: Jagger, Pamela
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: REDD+ social safeguards have gained increasing attention in numerous forums. This paper reviews the evolution of multi-level policy dialogues, processes, and actions related to REDD+ social safeguards (e.g., Cancun Safeguards 1–5) among policy makers, civil society organizations, and within the media in Brazil, Indonesia and Tanzania, three countries with well advanced REDD+ programs. We find that progress on core aspects of social safeguards is uneven across the three countries. Brazil is by far the most advanced having drafted a REDD+ social safeguards policy. Both Brazil and Indonesia have benefited from progress made by strong sub-national entities in the operationalization of REDD+ safeguards including free prior and informed consent (FPIC), participation, and benefit sharing. Tanzania has weakly articulated how social safeguards will be operationalized and has a more top-down approach. We conclude that in all three countries, measuring, reporting and verifying progress on social safeguards is likely to be a complex issue. Stakeholders with vested interests in REDD+ social safeguards operate in polycentric rather than nested systems, suggesting that aggregation of information from local to national-scale will be a challenge. However, polycentric systems are also likely to support more transparent and comprehensive safeguards systems. Clear direction from the international community and financing for REDD+ safeguard MRV is essential if REDD+ social safeguards are to be meaningfully integrated into forest-based climate mitigation strategies.
Supplementary Tables S1-S4 from Evolutionary history of enigmatic bears in the Tibetan Plateau-Himalaya Region and the identity of the Yeti
Creators: name: Tianying Lan
name: Gill, Stephanie
name: Bellemain, Eva
name: Bischof, Richard
name: Nawaz, Muhammad Ali
name: Lindqvist, Charlotte
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Supplementary information
Tenure Issues in REDD+ Pilot Project Sites in Tanzania
Creators: name: Angelsen, Arild
name: Caplow, Susan
name: Sunderlin, William D.
name: Dokken, Therese
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: REDD+ has been proposed as a viable option for addressing climate change in the near term, and at relatively low cost. There is a broad consensus that clearly defined tenure rights are important for the implementation and success of REDD+, both to manage forests effectively and to protect local communities’ livelihoods. We use primary data from 23 villages in six REDD+ pilot sites in Tanzania to identify causes of deforestation and forest degradation, and tenure rights issues, at the village level prior to project implementation. Further, interviews with project proponents and examination of project documents yields insights into how the proponents plan to address tenure issues. Most villages perceive their tenure as secure and have exclusion rights, while collective action challenges are prevalent in villages experiencing deforestation and forest degradation. These findings suggest that the main tenure issues are related to internal institutional arrangements. While we find that tenure is high on the agenda for all the project proponents, they are mainly focusing on formalization and securing tenure rights from state to community level. Though we do find this to be a precondition for reducing deforestation and degradation, some of their focus should be shifted to strengthening village institutions and enhancing internal compliance.
Characterisation of the MUSIC ASIC for large-area silicon photomultipliers for gamma-ray astronomy
Creators: name: De Angelis, Nicolas
name: Gascón, David
name: Gómez, Sergio
name: Heller, Matthieu
name: Montaruli, Teresa
name: Nagai, Andrii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-area silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are desired in many applications where large surfaces have to be covered. For instance, a large area SiPM has been developed by Hamamatsu Photonics in collaboration with the University of Geneva, to equip gamma-ray cameras employed in imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Being the sensor about 1 cm$^2$, a suitable preamplification electronics has been investigated in this work, which can deal with long pulses induced by the large capacitance of the sensor. The so-called Multiple Use SiPM Integrated Circuit (MUSIC), developed by the ICCUB (University of Barcelona), is investigated as a potential front-end ASIC, suitable to cover large area photodetection planes of gamma-ray telescopes. The ASIC offers an interesting pole-zero cancellation (PZC) that allows dealing with long SiPM signals, the feature of active summation of up to 8 input channels into a single differential output and it can offer a solution for reducing power consumption compared to discrete solutions. Measurements and simulations of MUSIC coupled to two SiPMs developed by Hamamatsu are considered and the ASIC response is characterized. The 5$^{th}$ generation sensor of the Low Cross Talk technology coupled to MUSIC turns out to be a good solution for gamma-ray cameras.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures
Gas kinematics around filamentary structures in the Orion B cloud
Creators: name: Gaudel, Mathilde
name: Orkisz, Jan H.
name: Gerin, Maryvonne
name: Pety, Jérôme
name: Roueff, Antoine
name: Marchal, Antoine
name: Levrier, François
name: Miville-Deschênes, Marc-Antoine
name: Goicoechea, Javier R.
name: Roueff, Evelyne
name: Petit, Franck Le
name: Magalhaes, Victor de Souza
name: Palud, Pierre
name: Santa-Maria, Miriam G.
name: Vono, Maxime
name: Bardeau, Sébastien
name: Bron, Emeric
name: Chainais, Pierre
name: Chanussot, Jocelyn
name: Gratier, Pierre
name: Guzman, Viviana
name: Hughes, Annie
name: Kainulainen, Jouni
name: Languignon, David
name: Bourlot, Jacques Le
name: Liszt, Harvey
name: Öberg, Karin
name: Peretto, Nicolas
name: Sievers, Albrecht
name: Tremblin, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the initial properties of star-forming material and how they affect the star formation process is key. From an observational point of view, the feedback from young high-mass stars on future star formation properties is still poorly constrained. In the framework of the IRAM 30m ORION-B large program, we obtained observations of the translucent and moderately dense gas, which we used to analyze the kinematics over a field of 5 deg^2 around the filamentary structures. We used the ROHSA algorithm to decompose and de-noise the C18O(1-0) and 13CO(1-0) signals by taking the spatial coherence of the emission into account. We produced gas column density and mean velocity maps to estimate the relative orientation of their spatial gradients. We identified three cloud velocity layers at different systemic velocities and extracted the filaments in each velocity layer. The filaments are preferentially located in regions of low centroid velocity gradients. By comparing the relative orientation between the column density and velocity gradients of each layer from the ORION-B observations and synthetic observations from 3D kinematic toy models, we distinguish two types of behavior in the dynamics around filaments: (i) radial flows perpendicular to the filament axis that can be either inflows (increasing the filament mass) or outflows and (ii) longitudinal flows along the filament axis. The former case is seen in the Orion B data, while the latter is not identified. We have also identified asymmetrical flow patterns, usually associated with filaments located at the edge of an HII region. This is the first observational study to highlight feedback from HII regions on filament formation and, thus, on star formation in the Orion B cloud. This simple statistical method can be used for any molecular cloud to obtain coherent information on the kinematics.
description: 45 pages. Abridged abstract. Accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysics