cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Small-scale dynamics and structure of free-surface turbulence
Creators: name: Qi, Yinghe
name: Li, Yaxing
name: Coletti, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of small-scale structures in free-surface turbulence is crucial to large-scale phenomena in natural and industrial environments. Here we conduct experiments on the quasi-flat free surface of a zero-mean-flow turbulent water tank over the Reynolds number range $Re_λ = 207\textrm{--}312$. By seeding microscopic floating particles at high concentrations, the fine scales of the flow and the velocity gradient tensor are resolved. A kinematic relation is derived expressing the contribution of surface divergence and vorticity to the dissipation rate. The probability density functions of divergence, vorticity and strain-rate collapse once normalized by the Kolmogorov scales. Their magnitude displays strong intermittency and follows chi-square distributions with power-law tails at small values. The topology of high-intensity events and two-point statistics indicate that the surface divergence is characterized by dissipative spatial and temporal scales, while the high-vorticity and high-strain-rate regions are larger, long-lived, concurrent, and elongated. The second-order velocity structure functions obey the classic Kolmogorov scaling in the inertial range when the dissipation rate on the surface is considered, with a different numerical constant than in 3D turbulence. The cross-correlation among divergence, vorticity and strain-rate indicates that the surface-attached vortices are strengthened during downwellings and diffuse when those dissipate. Sources (sinks) in the surface velocity fields are associated with strong (weak) surface-parallel stretching and compression along perpendicular directions. The floating particles cluster over spatial and temporal scales larger than those of the sinks. These results demonstrate that, compared to 3D turbulence, in free-surface turbulence the energetic scales leave a stronger imprint on the small-scale quantities.
Potential phosphorus losses from grassland soils irrigated with dairy factory wastewater
Creators: name: Lizarralde, Carolina
name: McDowell, Rich
name: Condron, Leo
name: Brown, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410404
subject: Environmental management

description: Applying phosphorus (P)-rich wastewater to land can significantly enrich P in topsoil and consequently increase the risk of P losses in surface runoff and leaching. We collected 654 samples of wastewater-irrigated and non-irrigated soils at seven sites across New Zealand to assess the potential P mobility in irrigated soils. The risk of P loss to surface runoff was tested by water extractable P (WEP) whereas the risk of P loss by leaching was tested by calcium chloride extractable P (CaCl2-P). The risk of P losses could be predicted only in non-irrigated soils, via a published relationship using anion storage capacity (ASC) and Olsen P. Wastewater-irrigated soils had a greater pH, WEP and CaCl2-P concentration to 30 cm depth. However, in both irrigated and non-irrigated soils a change point or threshold in ASC was found that could be used to show an increased likelihood of enhanced P leaching (as CaCl2-P) to deeper layers. In addition, the WEP and CaCl2-P thresholds can be used to signal the need for management changes to decrease the risk of P losses to surface water and groundwater.
Additional file 1 of Central hepatectomy versus major hepatectomy for patients with centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Gadallah, Edward Atef
name: Elkomos, Beshoy Effat
name: Khalil, Ahmed
name: fawzy, Fawzy Salah
name: Abdelaal, Amr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Mortality for CH and EH.
Supplementary document for Optical readout and actuation of plasmonic nano-optomechanical drum resonators - 6623505.pdf
Creators: name: Vandersmissen, Jente
name: Meijer, Randy
name: Sukham, Johneph
name: Erkelens, Aloys
name: Aans, Jan Bonne
name: Verhagen, Ewold
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary Information
Non-Invertible Peccei-Quinn Symmetry, Natural 2HDM Alignment, and the Visible Axion
Creators: name: Delgado, Antonio
name: Koren, Seth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify $m_{12}^2$ as a spurion of non-invertible Peccei-Quinn symmetry in the type II 2HDM with gauged quark flavor. Thus a UV theory which introduces quark color-flavor monopoles can naturally realize alignment without decoupling and can furthermore revive the Weinberg-Wilczek axion. As an example we consider the $SU(9)$ theory of color-flavor unification, which needs no new fermions. This is the first model-building use of non-invertible symmetry to find a Dirac natural explanation for a small $\textit{relevant}$ parameter.
description: 16 + 7 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables; v2: updated to match JHEP version
Additional file 1 of Neural stem/progenitor cell therapy for Alzheimer disease in preclinical rodent models: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Zhou, Zijing
name: Shi, Ben
name: Xu, Yaxing
name: Zhang, Jinyu
name: liu, Xin
name: Zhou, Xinghong
name: Feng, Baofeng
name: Ma, Jun
name: Cui, Huixian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The detailed search strategy.
Role of organic anions and phosphatase enzymes in phosphorus acquisition in the rhizosphere of legumes and grasses grown in a low phosphorus pasture soil
Creators: name: Touhami, Driss
name: McDowell, Rich
name: Condron, Leo
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410404
subject: Environmental management

description: Rhizosphere processes play a critical role in phosphorus (P) acquisition by plants and microbes, especially under P-limited conditions. Here, we investigated the impacts of nutrient addition and plant species on plant growth, rhizosphere processes, and soil P dynamics. In a glasshouse experiment, blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius), white clover (Trifolium repens L.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were grown in a low-P pasture soil for 8 weeks with and without the single and combined addition of P (33 mg kg‚àí1) and nitrogen (200 mg kg‚àí1). Phosphorus addition increased plant biomass and total P content across plant species, as well as microbial biomass P in white clover and ryegrass. Alkaline phosphatase activity was higher for blue lupin. Legumes showed higher concentrations of organic anions compared to grasses. After P addition, the concentrations of organic anions increased by 11-,10-, 5-, and 2-fold in the rhizospheres of blue lupin, white clover, wheat, and ryegrass, respectively. Despite the differences in their chemical availability (as assessed by P fractionation), moderately labile inorganic P and stable organic P were the most depleted fractions by the four plant species. Inorganic P fractions were depleted similarly between the four plant species, while blue lupin exhibited a strong depletion of stable organic P. Our findings suggest that organic anions were not related to the acquisition of inorganic P for legumes and grasses. At the same time, alkaline phosphatase activity was associated with the mobilization of stable organic P for blue lupin.
PREFER case studies on glucose measurement in diabetes patients
Creators: name: Smith, Ian
name: De Wit, Ardine
name: Veldwijk, Jorien
name: De Bekker-Grob, Esther
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Webinar
Case study
Patient Preference

description: In this presentation, we will present the results of a diabetes case study on patients' preferences for, and the trade-offs they make, when selecting what device to use to monitor their glucose.
Acoustic backscatter communication in metal structures
Creators: name: Oppermann, Peter
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Structural health monitoring
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Wireless power transfer
subject: Backscatter
subject: Wireless communication
classificationCode: 6
subject: Technology::621: Applied Physics::621.3: Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering

description: This dissertation investigates batteryless sensor nodes embedded in metal structures, focusing on acoustic backscatter, active communication, and wireless power transfer. In particular, it analyzes the nonlinear through-metal channel, derives channel models, and proposes in situ channel estimation techniques. Several methods are demonstrated to increase data rates despite reverberation and to improve power-transfer efficiency. In addition to simulation, custom prototypes are designed to verify the method's practical applicability.
description: Diese Dissertation erforscht draht- und batteriefreie Sensoren in Metallstrukturen. Der Fokus liegt auf akustischer (passiver) Kommunikation und Energieübertragung. Der nichtlineare Übertragungskanal wird analysiert und modelliert und ad-hoc Kanalschätzung wird untersucht. Mehrere Methoden zur Erhöhung erreichbarer Datenraten trotz starkem Hall in Metallen, und zur Verbesserung der Energieübertragungseffizienz werden erfolgreich angewandt und ausgewertet. Neben Simulation werden eigens Prototypen gebaut, um die praktische Einsetzbarkeit der Methoden zu validieren.
3D Printed Multi Material Biomimetic Sharkskin for Underwater Applications
Creators: name: Sparks, Sonja
name: Martin, Lyndell
name: Policarpio, Jose
name: Qiu, Kaiyan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Published in NRT-LEAD Annual Expo-2025 Booklet.
description: The drag-reducing properties of sharkskin, which are attributed to its surface covered with tooth-like denticles, have been studied extensively since the 1980s. Most research has focused on individual drag-reducing features, but the combined effects of these features remain underexplored. For example, staggered and overlapping denticle arrangements have been found to provide superior drag reduction, while ribbed surfaces perform better than smooth ones. Additional characteristics, such as denticle size, ridge spacing, thickness, and flexibility, all contribute significantly to drag reduction and antifouling properties. However, most biomimetic designs still fail to integrate these various features in a synergistic way.

Sonja Sargent Sparks’ research seeks to address this gap by investigating how these drag-reducing features interact with one another in biomimetic sharkskin. By examining the correlations among these characteristics, she aims to optimize their combined effects across different Reynolds numbers. Her work has broad implications for underwater applications, including soft robotics, aquatic vehicles, and performance-enhancing swimwear. By improving speed, energy efficiency, and antimicrobial properties, her findings contribute to sustainable and high-performance design.
Supplementary document for Order transfer in a hybrid Raman-laser-optomechanical resonator - 6623642.pdf
Creators: name: Yang, Zhenning
name: zhang, wanzhe
name: Zhu, Changlong
name: WANG, ZHE
name: GUAN, JIANQING
name: HUO, YUE
name: TANG, XIAOHE
name: SHI, WEI
name: Xia, Keyu
name: Liu, Yuxi
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: supplemental document 1
On the Structure of Black Bounces Sourced by Anisotropic Fluids
Creators: name: Lessa, L. A.
name: Olmo, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field equations of static, spherically symmetric geometries generated by anisotropic fluids is investigated with the aim of better understanding the relation between the matter and the emergence of minimal area throats, like in wormhole and black bounce scenarios. Imposing some simplifying restrictions on the matter, which amounts to considering nonlinear electromagnetic sources, we find analytical expressions that allow one to design the type of sought geometries. We illustrate our analysis with several examples, including an asymmetric, bounded black bounce spacetime which reproduces the standard Reissner-Nordstrom geometry on the outside all the way down to the throat.
Temperature and Nitrogen Effects on Phosphorus Uptake by Agricultural Stream-Bed Sediments
Creators: name: McDowell, Rich
name: Elkin, Kyle
name: Kleinman, Peter
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410404
subject: Environmental management

description: Climate change will likely increase the growing season, temperatures, and ratio of nitrogen (N) to phosphorus (P) loss from land to water. However, it is unknown how these factors influence P concentrations in streams. We sought to evaluate differences in biotic and abiotic processes affecting stream sediment P dynamics under different temperature and N-enrichment regimes. Analysis of sediment samples indicated that P uptake via abiotic processes was greater at 19 than at 26¬∞C. The addition of N stimulated P uptake by the microbial biomass at 19¬∞C, but microbial uptake was potentially inhibited at 26¬∞C. Because microbial biomass is a temporary store of P, these data suggest that more P may be available with increasing temperatures during the growing season, especially under baseflow, implying that strategies to mitigate P losses from land to water should be strengthened to prevent potential water quality impairment.
Quenching and recovery of persistent X-ray emission during a superburst in 4U 1820$-$30
Creators: name: Peng, Zhijiao
name: Li, Zhaosheng
name: Pan, Yuanyue
name: Fu, Tao
name: Yu, Wenhui
name: Chen, Yupeng
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Falanga, Maurizio
name: Zhang, Shuang-Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the superburst from 4U 1820--30 in 2021 observed by the Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image and Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER). During the tail of the superburst, we found that the NICER light curve unexpectedly increased from 1080 to 2204 ${\rm counts~s^{-1}}$ over 6.89 hr. From the time-resolved superburst spectra, we estimated the burst decay time of $\approx2.5$ hr, the ignition column depth of $\approx0.3\times 10^{12}~{\rm g ~cm^{-2}}$, the energy release per unit mass of $\approx2.4\times 10^{17}~{\rm erg~g^{-1}}$, the fluence of $\approx4.1\times 10^{-4}~{\rm erg~cm^{-2}}$, and the total energy release of $\approx3.5\times10^{42}$ erg. Notably, we found a gradual increase in the Componization flux from $8.9\times 10^{-10}~{\rm erg~s^{-1}~cm^{-2}}$ to the preburst level during the superburst. This increase can be interpreted as a consequence of superburst radiation depleting the inner accretion disk, leading to a near-complete quenching of the persistent emission. As the burst radiation decayed, the inner accretion disk gradually returned to its preburst state, as evidenced by the best-fit spectral parameters. Additionally, we observed a prominent absorption line that exhibited a gravitational redshift, shifting from 4.15 to 3.62 keV during the recovery phase of persistent emission. This absorption feature likely originates from the inner accretion disk rather than from burst emission on the neutron star (NS) surface. The observed changes in the absorption line energy suggest that the inner disk approached the NS to a distance as close as $\approx17$ km.
description: published in ApJ
Full-colour double-virtual amplitudes for associated production of a Higgs boson with a bottom-quark pair at the LHC
Creators: name: Badger, Simon
name: Hartanto, Heribertus Bayu
name: Poncelet, Rene
name: Wu, Zihao
name: Zhang, Yang
name: Zoia, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the double-virtual amplitudes contributing to the production of a Higgs boson in association with a $b\bar{b}$ pair at the Large Hadron Collider. We perform the computation within the five-flavour scheme, which employs massless bottom quarks and finite bottom-Yukawa coupling, taking into account all the colour structures. We derive the analytic form of the helicity amplitudes through finite-field reconstruction techniques. The analytic expressions have been implemented in a public C++ library, and we demonstrate that evaluations are sufficiently stable and efficient for use in phenomenological studies.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures, 1 appendix, ancillary files available at https://zenodo.org/records/14328503; v2: published version
Probing black holes via quasinormal modes in a dark energy-induced dark matter
Creators: name: Liang, Jie
name: Liu, Dong
name: Lin, Hao-Jie
name: Long, Zheng-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study delves into the existence of dark matter around supermassive black holes in galactic cores using a novel gravitational model. By analyzing gravitational waves emitted during the ringdown phase of black holes under different field perturbations, we explore the potential for detecting dark matter. The model hypothesizes that the dark matter distribution around black hole is driven by a mechanism where dark energy endows gravitons with mass, thereby forming a new spacetime structure. Results reveal that as relevant parameters increase, the quasinormal modes (QNMs) exhibit a gradual reduction in real parts, with negative imaginary parts whose absolute values also decrease. Moreover, compared to gravitational wave signals from Schwarzschild black hole without dark matter, this system demonstrates significant differences in oscillation modes and frequencies. This achievement not only validates the self-consistency of the new gravitational model but also lays a theoretical foundation for subsequent gravitational wave detection within dark matter. Simultaneously, it provides new theoretical support for understanding the mechanism of dark energy in large-scale cosmic structures and broadens the research perspective on the relationships between black hole physics, dark matter, and dark energy.
The ability to reduce soil legacy phosphorus at a country scale
Creators: name: McDowell, Rich
name: Dodd, Rosalind
name: Pletnyakov, Peter
name: Noble, Alasdair
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410404
subject: Environmental management

description: The build-up of soil phosphorus (P) beyond plant requirements can lead to a long-term legacy of P losses that could impair surface water quality. Using a database of ‚àº4,50,000 samples collected from 2001-2015 we report the level of soil P enrichment by soil type, land use and region and the time it would take for Olsen P to decline to agronomic targets (20-0 mg L-1) if P fertilizer was stopped. We also modeled the time it would take for water extractable P (WEP), an indicator of P losses in surface runoff, to decline to an environmental target (0.02 mg L-1). Some 63% of the samples were enriched beyond agronomic targets. The area-weighted median time to reach the agronomic target was predicted to occur within a year for 75% of samples but varied up to 11.8 years in some land uses. However, the area-weighted time to reach an environmental target was 26-55 years for the 50th and 75th percentile of areas. This indicates that while an agronomic target can be easily met, additional strategies other than stopping P fertilizer inputs are required to meet an environmental target.
Supplementary document for Mesoporous black TiO₂ hollow shells with controlled cavity size for enhanced visible light photocatalysis - 6623698.pdf
Creators: name: shi, qiwu
name: Hu, YiWen
name: Yan, Zhiyao
name: Du, Liang-Hui
name: Yu, Yongliu
name: Huang, Wanxia
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Complementary characterization
Additional file 6 of Central hepatectomy versus major hepatectomy for patients with centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Gadallah, Edward Atef
name: Elkomos, Beshoy Effat
name: Khalil, Ahmed
name: fawzy, Fawzy Salah
name: Abdelaal, Amr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6: Fig. S6. Wound infection for CH and EH.
Additional file 7 of Designing a novel multi-epitope vaccine to evoke a robust immune response against pathogenic multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium bacterium
Creators: name: Dey, Jyotirmayee
name: Mahapatra, Soumya Ranjan
name: Raj, T. Kiran
name: Kaur, Taranjeet
name: Jain, Parul
name: Tiwari, Arushi
name: Patro, Shubhransu
name: Misra, Namrata
name: Suar, Mrutyunjay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 7: Table S7. Discontinuous B-cell epitopes with their scores predicted by ElliPro.
Additional file 2 of Central hepatectomy versus major hepatectomy for patients with centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Gadallah, Edward Atef
name: Elkomos, Beshoy Effat
name: Khalil, Ahmed
name: fawzy, Fawzy Salah
name: Abdelaal, Amr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S2. Post-operative complications for CH and EH.
Supplementary document for Deep learning on photoacoustic tomography to remove image distortion due to inaccurate measurement of scanning radius - 6623720.pdf
Creators: name: Mondal, Sudeep
name: Paul, Subhadip
name: Singh, Navjot
name: Saha, Ratan
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Some figures are included in this file so that the texts in the manuscript can be explained better.
Operational Guidance (D4.4)
Creators: name: Radawski, Christine
name: Bullok, Kristin
name: Steinbeisser, Carl
name: Quazi Ataher
name: Veldwijk, Jorien
name: Borchert, Monika
name: Mansfield, Carol
name: Emuella Flood
name: Bhatti, Susan
name: Ecochard, Laurent
name: Naeije, Isabelle
name: Hawkins, Vicky
name: Becher, Anja
name: Pierce, Rowan
name: Huys, Isabelle
name: Cleemput, Irina
name: Muller, Mireille
name: Strauss, Carmit
name: Josepine Fernow
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Patient Preference
Template

description: Along with the PREFER Recommendations, PREFER has developed operational guidance and training material to further assist in a patient preference study. The operational guidance consists of templates to utilize in the development and execution of a patient preference study.
The effect of irrigation and urine application on phosphorus losses to subsurface flow from a stony soil
Creators: name: Gray, Colin
name: McDowell, Rich
name: Carrick, Sam
name: Thomas, Steve
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410404
subject: Environmental management

description: Factors such as irrigation and soil pH can increase the solubility of P and its loss to water. Urine patches are known to alter pH but it is unknown if this increases P loss. This study investigated subsurface P loss from a stony soil under irrigation with or without the application of urine. Results showed that despite receiving urine average concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than non-urine treatments. Increasing the rate (not amount) of irrigation did not affect the load of P lost, thought to be due to attenuation. Lower P losses following urine application were due to the buffering effect of the soil and enhanced P uptake as dry matter production increased in response to N in urine. However, concentrations still exceeded guidelines. Strategies should be considered to decrease losses.
Additional file 1 of Challenges and care strategies associated with the admission to nursing homes in Germany: a scoping review
Creators: name: Skudlik, Stefanie
name: Hirt, Julian
name: Döringer, Tobias
name: Thalhammer, Regina
name: Lüftl, Katharina
name: Prodinger, Birgit
name: Müller, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. The completed PRISMA-ScR checklist.
Additional file 7 of Central hepatectomy versus major hepatectomy for patients with centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Gadallah, Edward Atef
name: Elkomos, Beshoy Effat
name: Khalil, Ahmed
name: fawzy, Fawzy Salah
name: Abdelaal, Amr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 7. Fig. S7. Operative time for CH and EH.
The effect of soil moisture extremes on the pathways and forms of phosphorus lost in runoff from two contrasting soil types
Creators: name: Simmonds, Bernard
name: McDowell, Rich
name: Condron, Leo
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410404
subject: Environmental management

description: Soil moisture and Olsen P concentrations play an important role in phosphorus (P) losses in runoff. Our hypotheses were as follows: (1) rainfall applied to a dry soil would cause greater particulate P losses in surface runoff due to hydrophobicity; (2) P losses from a wet soil would be dominated by drainage and filtered P; and (3) both runoff processes would result in environmentally unacceptable P losses at agronomically productive Olsen P concentrations depending on the sorption capacity of the soil. Compared with dry Organic soil, the wet Brown soil lost a greater proportion of TP as particulate via surface runoff. However the most important pathway for the Organic soil, wet or dry, was filtered P loss in drainage. These data can be used to more effectively target strategies to mitigate P losses.
High-energy Coulomb scattering of spatially extended particles
Creators: name: Nekrasov, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze pure Coulomb high-energy elastic scattering of charged particles (hadrons or nuclei), discarding their strong interactions. We distinguish three scattering modes, determined by the magnitude of the momentum transfer, in which particles behave as point-like, structureless extended, and structured composite objects. The results are compared in the potential and QFT approaches of the eikonal model. In the case of proton Coulomb scattering at the LHC the difference between these two approaches is significant. This indicates the unsuitability of the potential approach. However, in the case of Coulomb scattering of heavy nuclei, the leading one is the optical approximation, which formally reproduces the prescription of the potential approach.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure. More detailed discussion of some issues and 1 reference added
Supplementary document for High-spatial-resolution Distributed Acoustic Sensor based on Time-frequency-multiplexing OFDR - 6623863.pdf
Creators: name: Zhong, Zixuan
name: Liu, Tao
name: Wu, Haoting
name: Qiu, Junjie
name: Du, Boyang
name: Yin, Guolu
name: Zhu, Tao
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement 1
Assessing high-order effects in feature importance via predictability decomposition
Creators: name: Ontivero-Ortega, Marlis
name: Faes, Luca
name: Cortes, Jesus M
name: Marinazzo, Daniele
name: Stramaglia, Sebastiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Leveraging the large body of work devoted in recent years to describe redundancy and synergy in multivariate interactions among random variables, we propose a novel approach to quantify cooperative effects in feature importance, one of the most used techniques for explainable artificial intelligence. In particular, we propose an adaptive version of a well-known metric of feature importance, named Leave One Covariate Out (LOCO), to disentangle high-order effects involving a given input feature in regression problems. LOCO is the reduction of the prediction error when the feature under consideration is added to the set of all the features used for regression. Instead of calculating the LOCO using all the features at hand, as in its standard version, our method searches for the multiplet of features that maximize LOCO and for the one that minimize it. This provides a decomposition of the LOCO as the sum of a two-body component and higher-order components (redundant and synergistic), also highlighting the features that contribute to building these high-order effects alongside the driving feature. We report the application to proton/pion discrimination from simulated detector measures by GEANT.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
The efficacy of good practice to prevent long-term leaching losses of phosphorus from an irrigated dairy farm
Creators: name: McDowell, Rich
name: Gray, Colin
name: Cameron, Keith
name: Pellow, Ron
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410404
subject: Environmental management

description: We measured P fractions in leachate at 70cm depth from two soils of low-P sorption capacity in an intensively grazed dairy farm. In response to best-practice annual applications of P as either fertiliser or a lower rate of fertiliser plus FDE, dissolved and particulate P concentrations increased annually 4% to 7%. Mean total P load over 14 years (2001-2015) from the FDE-treated, free-draining shallow soil was 1.46 kg ha‚àí1 yr‚àí1, much greater than the same soil without FDE (0.25 kg ha‚àí1 yr‚àí1) or the moderately well-drained soil with or without FDE applied (0.12 kg ha‚àí1 yr‚àí1, for both treatments).
Numerical evaluation of two-loop QCD helicity amplitudes for $gg\to t \bar{t} g$ at leading colour
Creators: name: Badger, Simon
name: Becchetti, Matteo
name: Brancaccio, Colomba
name: Hartanto, Heribertus Bayu
name: Zoia, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first benchmark evaluation of the two-loop finite remainders for the production of a top-quark pair in association with a jet at hadron colliders in the gluon channel. We work in the leading colour approximation, and perform the numerical evaluation in the physical phase space. To achieve this result, we develop a new method for expressing the master integrals in terms of a (over-complete) basis of special functions that enables the infrared and ultraviolet poles to be cancelled analytically despite the presence of elliptic Feynman integrals. The special function basis makes it manifest that the elliptic functions appear solely in the finite remainder, and can be evaluated numerically through generalised series expansions. The helicity amplitudes are constructed using four dimensional projectors combined with finite-field techniques to perform integration-by-parts reduction, mapping to special functions and Laurent expansion in the dimensional regularisation parameter.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, ancillary files at https://zenodo.org/records/14473301; v2: published version
THE IMPACT OF VIRTUAL GAMES ON THE PSYCHOLOGY OF YOUTH
Creators: name: Makhramova, Zukhro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article provides a balanced analysis of the positive and negative effects of virtual games on the minds of young people. The positive aspects include the development of cognitive skills, such as problem solving and strategic thinking. It also discusses the fact that multiplayer online games can improve teamwork and communication skills, and the negative consequences of excessive gaming, such as social isolation, psychological dependence, and a tendency to violence.
The error in stream sediment phosphorus fractionation and sorption properties effected by drying pretreatments
Creators: name: Simpson, Zachary
name: McDowell, Rich
name: Condron, Leo
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410404
subject: Environmental management

description: We found that drying sediment significantly influenced EPC0 and P fractions (especially the NH4Cl-P fraction). Air-drying was particularly error-prone and should be avoided. The use of freeze-drying to preserve samples for later analyses and improve ease of handling may be used with appropriate consideration of the research objectives and the error introduced by freeze-drying. However, we recommend using fresh sediments for analyses whenever possible, as they best represent natural conditions.
OPAL system setting and query development (Deliverable 6.2)
Creators: name: Aydogdu, B.
name: Gurbuz, B.
name: Salah, A.A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The deliverable D.6.1 of Work Package 6 described the anonymised and aggregated mobile CDR (Call Detail Record) data processed in the HumMingBird Project, which was prepared and stored at the servers of Turkcell Technology (TTECH), as well as describing the process of segmentation, filtering and subsampling of the data in detail. Due to the sensitivity of the dataset, a limited access model is adopted in the project, where only a few people have access to the anonymised and aggregated data, and none to the original, raw CDR. The deliverable D.6.2 of Work Package 6 explores an approach to establish a system where a Question and Answer (QA) mode of data sharing can be adopted, and data insights can be accessed without accessing the raw data in TTECH servers. For this purpose, a recently developed architecture, called Open Algorithms (OPAL), was initially proposed. At the time of writing of this report, an OPAL-like system is being integrated into the large CDR analysis tool FlowKit, developed by the FlowMinder organization, which defines its mission as ``to enable decision makers to access the data they need to transform the lives of vulnerable people, at scale." In this document, we first explain the process of data preparation, and detail the data sharing models employed during the project. Then we discuss the architecture of FlowKit, and the setup of the proposed data sharing solution. We explain the query repository logic of FlowKit in detail. We also describe some of the existing features and use-case scenarios of FlowKit, which are useful in analyzing migration-related scenarios.
Resistance of high-temperature superconducting tapes triggered by alternating magnetic field
Creators: name: Pham, Quoc Hung
name: Noe, Mathias
name: Nast, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamic resistance occurs in a superconducting tape carrying a dc transport current while being exposed to an alternating magnetic field. This effect is caused by flux movements interacting with the transport current. The dynamic resistance is already applied in many superconducting applications, for example superconducting flux pumps or persistent current switches. The resistance is highly dependent on the magnetic field and the frequency the superconductor is subjected to and its properties. When the dynamic resistance exceeds a certain value and thus enters the magnitude of the resistances of the normal conducting layers of the HTS tape, these normal conducting layers play a significant role in the total resistance of the tape. In this paper, modifications were made to the silver stabilizer and the total resistance of the HTS tape has been investigated. The experimental results with frequencies up to 1000 Hz and magnetic field up to 277 mT show significant increases in resistance. Additionally, a multilayer model based on H-formulation is presented to calculate the losses of the superconductor. The results also show significant heating due to the losses and therefore a temperature rise, which effects the measured total resistance. These results can be further used for applications where high switchable resistances are required with zero dc resistance when the magnet is turned off.
Bridging the Digital Divide through Cybersecurity in Indonesia and Montenegro: From Awareness to Action
Creators: name: Luthfi, Ahmad
name: Ramo Šendelj
name: Dragica Žugić
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The global pace of digital transformation intensifies cybersecurity vulnerabilities, presenting risks to individuals and organizations alike. This study examines the role of cybersecurity skills in addressing the disparities between Indonesia and Montenegro, two nations characterized by significantly different socioeconomic and digital contexts. The objectives are to: (1) compare and contrast the levels of cybersecurity knowledge in the two countries; (2) determine the effectiveness of existing laws and initiatives in enhancing cybersecurity capability; and (3) provide practical strategies for translating awareness into actionable steps toward digital inclusion. This study utilizes a mixed-methods approach, integrating policy analysis, expert interviews, and survey data to discern notable changes in cybersecurity awareness and behavior. This study employs quantitative awareness measures alongside qualitative feedback from stakeholders in government, business, and civil society to pinpoint significant information gaps, behavioral responses to cyber threats, and systemic challenges in policy implementation. This study analyzes how cultural and socioeconomic factors influence individual attitudes and engagement in cybersecurity. The findings suggest that Indonesia and Montenegro, despite their geographical differences, face similar challenges, such as the spread of inaccurate cybersecurity information, unequal access to digital literacy programs, and noncompliance with laws. The expansive digital economy and heightened internet usage in Indonesia may intensify cyber threats, while Montenegro's developing digital infrastructure poses distinct cybersecurity challenges. This investigation aims to demonstrate how effective cybersecurity implementation is hindered by inadequate cross-sector collaboration, biased law enforcement practices, and a lack of cybersecurity education within formal curricula. The investigation may identify effective strategies for promoting behavioral change, including community-led cybersecurity initiatives, public-private partnerships, and capacity-building efforts. The report outlines actionable measures for individuals, organizations, and governments to enhance digital security, following a "from awareness to action" framework. These include legislative proposals that improve legal frameworks while ensuring accessibility and diversity, focused awareness campaigns, and cybersecurity education initiatives. This study presents a solution to the digital divide by providing communities with the knowledge and skills required to effectively navigate the digital landscape, positioning it as a significant resource for cybersecurity professionals, policymakers, and researchers.
Supplementary document for Glaucoma Prognostic Monitor Model by Exploiting Normal OCT Images with Knowledge Transfer Learning - 6624407.pdf
Creators: name: Kai, LIU
name: Zhang, Jicong
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: including a descaription of sample selection method, two tables for results, 1 figures for distribution of samples, and 1 figure for preprocess images.
Impurity-temperature phase diagram with phase crystals and competing time-reversal symmetry breaking states in nodal $d$-wave superconductors
Creators: name: Seja, Kevin Marc
name: Wall-Wennerdal, Niclas
name: Löfwander, Tomas
name: Black-Schaffer, Annica M.
name: Fogelström, Mikael
name: Holmvall, Patric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase crystals are a class of non-uniform superconducting ground states characterized by spontaneous phase gradients of the superconducting order parameter. These phase gradients non-locally drive periodic currents and magnetic fields, thus breaking both time-reversal symmetry and continuous translational symmetry. The phase crystal instability is generally triggered by negative and inhomogeneous superfluid stiffness. Several scenarios have been identified that can realize phase crystals, especially flat bands at specific edges of unconventional nodal superconductors. Motivated by omnipresent disorder in all materials, we employ the ${t}$-matrix approach within the quasiclassical theory of superconductivity to study the emergence of phase crystals at edges of a nodal $d$-wave superconductor. We quantify the full phase diagram as a function of the impurity scattering energy and the temperature, with full self-consistency in the impurity self energies, the superconducting order parameter, and the vector potential. We find that the phase crystal survives even up to $\sim 40-50\%$ of the superconducting critical impurity strength in both the Born and unitary scattering limits. Finally, we show how mesoscopic finite-size effects induce a competition with a state still breaking time-reversal symmetry but with translationally invariant edge currents.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
The mitigation of phosphorus losses from a water repellent soil used for grazed dairy farming
Creators: name: McDowell, Rich
name: Catto, Warwick
name: McDowell, N.L.S.
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410404
subject: Environmental management

description: Soil water repellency (SWR) decreases the infiltration rate of soil, increasing the potential for surface runoff in response to rainfall (Bauters et al., 2000). The likelihood of SWR increases as the soil surface dries out in warmer months. It is common for nutrients such as phosphorus (P) to be applied during hotter months when spreading machinery can cross the farm easily without compacting the soil or getting stuck in mud (Dodds and Smith, 2016). However, simulated rainfall studies have shown that SWR-induced surface runoff can cause considerable P loss from the soil (M√ºller et al., 2018). If connected to a surface water body, the addition of P can cause eutrophication. The likelihood of eutrophication is enhanced by the delivery of P during warmer months when conditions for periphyton growth are greatest and by the delivery of surface runoff-P in dissolved forms, for example from fertiliser, which are much more available to periphyton than particulate P (PP) (Godwin and Carrick, 2008).
A report on legacy media coverage of migrants (Deliverable 7.1)
Creators: name: Mertens, Stefan
name: De Coninck, David
name: d'Haenens, Leen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This report investigates the 2009–2019 migration coverage of 57 newspapers in seven media systems: Dutchand French-language Belgium, Italy, Germany, Spain, Sweden, and Hungary. We analysed all news articles from the reference period that mentioned the words ‘migration’ or ‘migrants’, looking at co-occurrences of the word ‘migration’ with ten migration-related news themes that consistently made the news in the decade: integration, racism, discrimination, labour market, populism, security, terrorism, criminality, refugees, and Islam. We tested whether relative attention to these themes could be predicted based on the newspapers’ political profiles, and data garnered through a public opinion survey fielded in the above six countries (N = 9,079) let us assess the opinion of their readers towards out-groups such as immigrants, refugees, and Muslims with a view to comparing editorial content with reader opinions.
Additional file 2 of Viral histones: pickpocket’s prize or primordial progenitor?
Creators: name: Talbert, Paul B.
name: Armache, Karim-Jean
name: Henikoff, Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Alignment of H4s from bracoviruses, Plutella xylostella and human. Cv: Cotesia vestalis, Cg: Cotesia glomerata, Csk: Cotesia sesamiae kitale, Csm: Cotesia sesamiae Mombasa, Cc: Cotesia congregata. Lysines are marked in blue. Figure S2. Alignment of H2Bs from pandoraviruses, Acanthamoeba castellanii, and human. Lysines are marked in blue. Aspartic and glutamic acids are marked in red. Figure S3. Single viral H3s and eukaryotic H3s. Lysines are marked in blue. Aspartic and glutamic acids are marked in red. The chaperone recognition site is marked in green. A potential phosphorylation hotspot is underlined. The string of acidic residues in place of the αN helix in the H3 of invertebrate iridovirus 31 (IIV31) likely make it unable to form a nucleosome. Figure S4. Marseillevirus doublet histones. Marseilleviridae clades: A-blue; B-magenta; C-khaki; D-green; E-yellow. Eukaryotes-grey. Figure S5. Insect iridovirus H4–H3-like doublets. Lysines are marked in blue. The H3 α2 chaperone recognition site is marked in green. Arginines that contact DNA in H4 and H3 are marked with ^. Figure S6. Medusaviruses and Clandestinovirus Histones. Figure S7. Indivirus and Klosneuvirus H2A–H2B histones. Figure S8. Marine iridovirus histones. Figure S9. Loki’s Castle Histones.
QCD phase diagram from the gluon propagator at finite temperature and density
Creators: name: Comitini, Giorgio
name: Siringo, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The screened massive expansion of full QCD is used in conjunction with a model for infrared quark masses to compute the Landau-gauge gluon propagator at finite temperature and baryonic density. Analytic expressions up to a one-dimensional momentum integral are provided for the propagator, and its behavior is studied at zero Matsubara frequency with respect to temperature, chemical potential, and the parameters of the expansion. The phase diagram of QCD is explored under the assumption that the deconfinement temperature can be identified as the position of the maximum of the longitudinal gluon propagator at zero Matsubara frequency and fixed spatial momentum.