cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Canadian Gallup Omnibus Poll # 203-1
Creators: name: Inc., The Canadian Gallup Poll
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Environment(2); voting intentions(2); party preference(4); voting record(4); welfare(3); hockey(2); national budget(2); constitutional reforms(3); political leaders(1); Ontario's premier job performance(1); union membership(1).
Photon-neutrino scattering and the B-mode spectrum of CMB photons
Creators: name: Khodagholizadeh, Jafar
name: Mohammadi, Rohoollah
name: Xue, She-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the basis of the quantum Boltzmann equation governing the time-evolution of the density matrix of polarized CMB photons in the primordial scalar perturbations of metric, we calculate the B-mode spectrum of polarized CMB photons contributed from the scattering of CMB photons and CNB neutrinos (Cosmic Neutrino Background). We show that such contribution to the B-mode spectrum is negligible for small $\ell$, however is significantly large for $50 < \ell< 200$ by plotting our results together with the BICEP2 data. Our study and results imply that in order to theoretically better understand the origin of the observed B-mode spectrum of polarized CMB photons ($r$-parameter), it should be necessary to study the relevant and dominate processes in both tensor and scalar perturbations.
Hole-doping induced ferromagnetism in 2D materials
Creators: name: Meng, R.
name: Pereira, L. M. C.
name: Locquet, J. P.
name: Afanas'ev, V. V.
name: Pourtois, G.
name: Houssa, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnetic materials are considered as promising candidates for the future generations of spintronic devices. Yet, 2D materials with intrinsic ferromagnetism are scarce. High-throughput first-principles simulations are performed in order to screen 2D materials that present a non-magnetic to a ferromagnetic transition upon hole doping. A global evolutionary search is subsequently performed, in order to identify alternative possible atomic structures of the eligible candidates, and 122 materials exhibiting a hole-doping induced ferromagnetism are identified. Their energetic and dynamic stability, as well as their magnetic properties under hole doping are investigated systematically. Half of these 2D materials are metal halides, followed by chalcogenides, oxides and nitrides, some of them having predicted Curie temperatures above 300 K. The exchange interactions responsible for the ferromagnetic order in these 2D materials are also discussed. This work not only provides theoretical insights into hole-doped 2D ferromagnetic materials, but also enriches the family of 2D magnetic materials for possible spintronic applications.
Quantifying Uncertainty in Material Damage from Vibrational Data
Creators: name: Butler, Troy
name: Huhtala, Antti
name: Juntunen, Mika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65Z05, 74R99

description: The response of a vibrating beam to a force depends on many physical parameters including those determined by material properties. Damage caused by fatigue or cracks result in local reductions in stiffness parameters and may drastically alter the response of the beam. Data obtained from the vibrating beam are often subject to uncertainties and/or errors typically modeled using probability densities. The goal of this paper is to estimate and quantify the uncertainty in damage modeled as a local reduction in stiffness using uncertain data. We present various frameworks and methods for solving this parameter determination problem. We also describe a mathematical analysis to determine and compute useful output data for each method. We apply the various methods in a specified sequence that allows us to interface the various inputs and outputs of these methods in order to enhance the inferences drawn from the numerical results obtained from each method. Numerical results are presented using both simulated and experimentally obtained data from physically damaged beams.
Canadian Gallup Poll # 449-2
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); admitting handicapped children into regular schools(3); cutting taxes, reducing services(1); drinking and driving(4); ban on cigarette ads(2); filling out income tax return(3); Prime Minister and the opposition leader job performances(3).
Spectroscopic investigations of detachment on the MAST Upgrade Super-X divertor
Creators: name: Verhaegh, Kevin
name: Lipschultz, Bruce
name: Harrison, James
name: Osborne, Nick
name: Williams, Aelwyn
name: Ryan, Peter
name: Clark, James
name: Federici, Fabio
name: Kool, Bob
name: Wijkamp, Tijs
name: Fil, Alexandre
name: Moulton, David
name: Myatra, Omkar
name: Thornton, Andrew
name: Bosman, Thomas
name: Cunningham, Geof
name: Duval, Basil
name: Henderson, Stuart
name: Scannell, Rory
name: team, the MAST Upgrade
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first analysis of the atomic and molecular processes at play during detachment in the MAST-U Super-X divertor using divertor spectroscopy data. Our analysis indicates detachment in the MAST-U Super-X divertor can be separated into four sequential phases: First, the ionisation region detaches from the target at detachment onset leaving a region of increased molecular densities downstream. The plasma interacts with these molecules, resulting in molecular ions ($D_2^+$ and/or $D_2^- \rightarrow D + D^-$) that further react with the plasma leading to Molecular Activated Recombination and Dissociation (MAR and MAD), which results in excited atoms and significant Balmer line emission. Second, the MAR region detaches from the target leaving a sub-eV temperature region downstream. Third, an onset of strong emission from electron-ion recombination (EIR) ensues. Finally, the electron density decays near the target, resulting in a density front moving upstream. The analysis in this paper indicates that plasma-molecule interactions have a larger impact than previously reported and play a critical role in the intensity and interpretation of hydrogen atomic line emission characteristics on MAST-U. Furthermore, we find that the Fulcher band emission profile in the divertor can be used as a proxy for the ionisation region and may also be employed as a plasma temperature diagnostic for improving the separation of hydrogenic emission arising from electron-impact excitation and that from plasma-molecular interactions. We provide evidences for the presence of low electron temperatures ($<0.5$ eV) during detachment phases III-IV based on quantitative spectroscopy analysis, a Boltzmann relation of the high-n Balmer line transitions together with an analysis of the brightness of high-n Balmer lines.
DIPLOMACY OF THE EMIRATE OF BUKHARA DURING THE REIGN OF AMIR NASRULLAH KHAN (RELATIONS BETWEEN IRAN)
Creators: name: Turayeva, Charos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article is aimed at revealing Nasrullah Khan's tough foreign policy and skillful diplomatic qualities, and the fact that he made convenient and beneficial agreements with Iran for his benefit further increases his power. In the history of the Emirate of Bukhara, even though it has the name "bloody emir", it managed to solve political issues of important geopolitical importance in diplomatic matters.
Risk Factor Analyses for Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in a Randomized Study of Early vs. Deferred ART during an Opportunistic Infection
Creators: name: Powderly, William
name: Sereti, Irini
name: Lederman, Michael M.
name: Suckow, Carol
name: Grant, Philip M.
name: Andersen, Janet
name: Eron, Joseph
name: Hogg, Evelyn
name: Komarow, Lauren
name: Sanne, Ian
name: Pahwa, Savita
name: Zolopa, Andrew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: BackgroundImmune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is reported widely in patients initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, few studies are prospective, and no study has evaluated the impact of the timing of ART when allocated randomly during an acute opportunistic infection (OI).Methodology/Principal FindingsA5164 randomized 282 subjects with AIDS-related OIs (tuberculosis excluded), to early or deferred ART. IRIS was identified prospectively using pre-defined criteria. We evaluated associations between IRIS and baseline variables in subjects with follow-up on ART using Wilcoxon and Fisher's exact tests, logistic regression, and Cox models with time-varying covariates. Twenty of 262 (7.6%) subjects developed IRIS after a median of 33 days on ART. Subjects with fungal infections (other than pneumocystis) developed IRIS somewhat more frequently (OR = 2.7; 95% CI: 1.02, 7.2; p-value = 0.06 (using Fisher's exact test)). In Cox models, lower baseline and higher on-treatment CD4+ T-cell counts and percentage were associated with IRIS. Additionally, higher baseline and lower on-treatment HIV RNA levels were associated with IRIS. Corticosteroids during OI management and the timing of ART were not associated with the development of IRIS.ImplicationsIn patients with advanced immunosuppression and non-tuberculous OIs, the presence of a fungal infection, lower CD4+ T-cell counts and higher HIV RNA levels at baseline, and higher CD4+ T-cell counts and lower HIV RNA levels on treatment are associated with IRIS. Early initiation of ART does not increase the incidence of IRIS, and concern about IRIS should not prompt deferral of ART.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT00055120
Enhanced and stable spin Hall conductivity in a disordered time-reversal and inversion symmetry broken topological insulator thin film
Creators: name: Pooyan, Siamak
name: Hosseini, Mir Vahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a disordered topological insulator thin film placed on the top of a ferromagnetic insulator with a perpendicular exchange field $M$ and subjected to a perpendicular electric field. The presence of ferromagnetic insulator causes that bottom surface states of the topological insulator thin film become spin polarized and the electric field provides a potential difference $V$ between the two surface states, resulting in breaking of time-reversal and inversion symmetry in the system. Using Kubo formalism and employing the first Born approximation as well as the self-consistent Born approximation, we calculate the spin Hall conductivity. We find that for small values of $V$, a large spin conductivity can be generated through large values of $M$ away from the charge neutrality point. But for large values of $V$, the spin conductivity can be promoted even with small values of $M$ around the charge neutrality point. The effect of vertex corrections and the stability of the obtained large spin conductivity against disorders are also examined.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Canadian Gallup Omnibus Poll # 011-1
Creators: name: Inc., The Canadian Gallup Poll
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Federal and provincial elections vote intent(2); past federal and provincial elections vote(2); crime in the community(1); Free Trade Agreement with US(8); Brian Mulroney and Progressive Conservative party(3); shops open on Sundays(1); predictions for 1991(6). Note: Standard demographics(17).
Canadian Gallup Poll # 459-2
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); unemployment(3); minimum family income(1); nuclear war(1); Canadian Prime Ministers(2); world's greatest problem(1); family life(1); drinking habits(1). Note: Demographics(16).
(:unas) unassigned
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2024

description: Partendo da quella che ci è sembrata una delle condizioni esistenziali distintive del nostro tempo, con Heidegger definibile come negatività esisteziale, si tenta in questo saggio di discutere da un punto di vista filosofico, critico ed ermeneutico le forme di tale non in alcuni romanzi della letteratura italiana (Moravia) e francese (Sartre, Camus). Tale ricognizione intende offrire uno spaccato su alcuni stati d’animo riconducibili, con Benjamin, alla descrizione della condizione creaturale e delle vie di riscatto che possono aprirsi. Malinconia, noia, indifferenza, nausea, domesticità, estraneità e accusa sono assurti dunque a tratti rappresentativi, di cui si propone quindi una breve analisi.
description: Starting from what seemed to us to be one of the distinctive existential conditions of our time, with Heidegger definable as existential negativity, the essay attempts to discuss from a philosophical, critical and hermeneutical point of view the forms of this not in some novels of Italian literature (Moravia) and French (Sartre, Camus). This survey intends to offer an insight into some states of mind that can be traced back, with Benjamin, to the description of the creaturely condition and the ways of redemption that can open up. Melancholy, boredom, indifference, nausea, domesticity, extraneousness and accusation have therefore risen to representative traits, of which a brief analysis is therefore proposed.
Effect of diffusion in one-dimensional discontinuous absorbing phase transitions
Creators: name: Fiore, Carlos E.
name: Landi, Gabriel T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that diffusion provokes substantial changes in continuous absorbing phase transitions. Conversely, its effect on discontinuous transitions is much less understood. In order to shed light in this direction, we study the inclusion of diffusion in the simplest one-dimensional model with a discontinuous absorbing phase transition, namely the long-range contact process ($σ$-CP). Particles interact as in the usual CP, but the transition rate depends on the length $\ell$ of inactive sites according to $1 + a \ell^{-σ}$, where $a$ and $σ$ are control parameters. In the absence of diffusion, this system presents both a discontinuous and a continuous phase transition, depending on the value of $σ$. The inclusion of diffusion in this model has been investigated by numerical simulations and mean-field calculations. Results show that there exists three distinct regimes. For sufficiently low and large $σ$'s the transition is respectively always discontinuous or continuous, independently of the strength of the diffusion. On the other hand, in an intermediate range of $σ$'s, the diffusion causes a suppression of the phase coexistence leading to a continuous transition belonging to the DP universality class. This set of results does not agree with mean-field predictions, whose reasons will be discussed further.
Spatial Structure and Activity of Sedimentary Microbial Communities Underlying a Beggiatoa spp. Mat in a Gulf of Mexico Hydrocarbon Seep
Creators: name: Lloyd, Karen G.
name: Biddle, Jennifer F.
name: Albert, Daniel B.
name: Chanton, Jeffrey P.
name: Teske, Andreas
name: Pizarro, Oscar
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: BackgroundSubsurface fluids from deep-sea hydrocarbon seeps undergo methane- and sulfur-cycling microbial transformations near the sediment surface. Hydrocarbon seep habitats are naturally patchy, with a mosaic of active seep sediments and non-seep sediments. Microbial community shifts and changing activity patterns on small spatial scales from seep to non-seep sediment remain to be examined in a comprehensive habitat study.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe conducted a transect of biogeochemical measurements and gene expression related to methane- and sulfur-cycling at different sediment depths across a broad Beggiatoa spp. mat at Mississippi Canyon 118 (MC118) in the Gulf of Mexico. High process rates within the mat (∼400 cm and ∼10 cm from the mat's edge) contrasted with sharply diminished activity at ∼50 cm outside the mat, as shown by sulfate and methane concentration profiles, radiotracer rates of sulfate reduction and methane oxidation, and stable carbon isotopes. Likewise, 16S ribosomal rRNA, dsrAB (dissimilatory sulfite reductase) and mcrA (methyl coenzyme M reductase) mRNA transcripts of sulfate-reducing bacteria (Desulfobacteraceae and Desulfobulbaceae) and methane-cycling archaea (ANME-1 and ANME-2) were prevalent at the sediment surface under the mat and at its edge. Outside the mat at the surface, 16S rRNA sequences indicated mostly aerobes commonly found in seawater. The seep-related communities persisted at 12–20 cm depth inside and outside the mat. 16S rRNA transcripts and V6-tags reveal that bacterial and archaeal diversity underneath the mat are similar to each other, in contrast to oxic or microoxic habitats that have higher bacterial diversity.Conclusions/SignificanceThe visual patchiness of microbial mats reflects sharp discontinuities in microbial community structure and activity over sub-meter spatial scales; these discontinuities have to be taken into account in geochemical and microbiological inventories of seep environments. In contrast, 12–20 cm deep in the sediments microbial communities performing methane-cycling and sulfate reduction persist at lower metabolic rates regardless of mat cover, and may increase activity rapidly when subsurface flow changes.
Additional file 1 of Influence of landscape heterogeneity on entomological and parasitological indices of malaria in Kisumu, Western Kenya
Creators: name: Otambo, Wilfred Ouma
name: Onyango, Patrick O.
name: Wang, Chloe
name: Olumeh, Julius
name: Ondeto, Benyl M.
name: Lee, Ming-Chieh
name: Atieli, Harrysone
name: Githeko, Andrew K.
name: Kazura, James
name: Zhong, Daibin
name: Zhou, Guofa
name: Githure, John
name: Ouma, Collins
name: Yan, Guiyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Anopheles larvae density in various larval habitat types across topography. Table S2. Anopheles species composition and sporozoite rates, human blood meal index, and entomological inoculation rates (EIR).
Fermionic approach to variational quantum simulation of Kitaev spin models
Creators: name: Jahin, Ammar
name: Li, Andy C. Y.
name: Iadecola, Thomas
name: Orth, Peter P.
name: Perdue, Gabriel N.
name: Macridin, Alexandru
name: Alam, M. Sohaib
name: Tubman, Norm M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) to simulate Kitaev spin models with and without integrability breaking perturbations, focusing in particular on the honeycomb and square-octagon lattices. These models are well known for being exactly solvable in a certain parameter regime via a mapping to free fermions. We use classical simulations to explore a novel variational ansatz that takes advantage of this fermionic representation and is capable of expressing the exact ground state in the solvable limit. We also demonstrate that this ansatz can be extended beyond this limit to provide excellent accuracy when compared to other VQE approaches. In certain cases, this fermionic representation is advantageous because it reduces by a factor of two the number of qubits required to perform the simulation. We also comment on the implications of our results for simulating non-Abelian anyons on quantum computers.
Canadian Gallup Omnibus Poll # 109-1
Creators: name: Inc., The Canadian Gallup Poll
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Courts and criminals(1); federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); impressions of political leaders(5); effect of polls during elections(2); job performance of main political leaders(5); Quebec separatism(1); AIDS(1); wage/price controls(1); income taxes(1); postal workers' strike(2); Ontario elections(3). Note: Standard demographics(18).
Canadian Gallup Omnibus Poll # 201-1
Creators: name: Inc., The Canadian Gallup Poll
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Federal election vote intent(2); marriage(8); political leasers(3); sexual behavior(1); football(2); AIDS(6); religion(1); business conditions(1); Soviet Union(1); Ontario elections vote intent(2); Ontario Prime Minister performance(1); Ontario Liberal Party candidates(1). Note: Standard demographics(18).
Spatiotemporal Structure of Molecular Evolution of H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses in Vietnam
Creators: name: Jobe, R. Todd
name: Moody, Aaron
name: Wan, Xiu-Feng
name: Emch, Michael
name: Carrel, Margaret A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: BackgroundVietnam is one of the countries most affected by outbreaks of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses. First identified in Vietnam in poultry in 2001 and in humans in 2004, the virus has since caused 111 cases and 56 deaths in humans. In 2003/2004 H5N1 outbreaks, nearly the entire poultry population of Vietnam was culled. Our earlier study (Wan et al., 2008, PLoS ONE, 3(10): e3462) demonstrated that there have been at least six independent H5N1 introductions into Vietnam and there were nine newly emerged reassortants from 2001 to 2007 in Vietnam. H5N1 viruses in Vietnam cluster distinctly around Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. However, the nature of the relationship between genetic divergence and geographic patterns is still unclear.Methodology/Principal FindingsIn this study, we hypothesized that genetic distances between H5N1 viruses in Vietnam are correlated with geographic distances, as the result of distinct population and environment patterns along Vietnam's long north to south longitudinal extent. Based on this hypothesis, we combined spatial statistical methods with genetic analytic techniques and explicitly used geographic space to explore genetic evolution of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses at the sub-national scale in Vietnam. Our dataset consisted of 125 influenza viruses (with whole genome sets) isolated in Vietnam from 2003 to 2007. Our results document the significant effect of space and time on genetic evolution and the rise of two regional centers of genetic mixing by 2007. These findings give insight into processes underlying viral evolution and suggest that genetic differentiation is associated with the distance between concentrations of human and poultry populations around Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.Conclusions/SignificanceThe results show that genetic evolution of H5N1 viruses in Vietnamese domestic poultry is highly correlated with the location and spread of those viruses in geographic space. This correlation varies by scale, time, and gene, though a classic isolation by distance pattern is observed. This study is the first to characterize the geographic structure of influenza viral evolution at the sub-national scale in Vietnam and can shed light on how H5N1 HPAIVs evolve in certain geographic settings.
Canadian Gallup Poll # 002-1
Creators: name: Inc., The Canadian Gallup Poll
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); influence of movies on young people(2); political parties and their leaders(5); Free Trade Agreement with US(1); US cruise missile tests in Canada(1); Meech Lake Accord(5). Note: Standard demographics(17).
Atomistic calculation of the thickness and temperature dependence of exchange coupling through a dilute magnetic oxide
Creators: name: Evans, R. F. L.
name: Coopman, Q.
name: Devos, S.
name: Fan, W. J.
name: Hovorka, O.
name: Chantrell, R. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exchange coupling of two magnetic layers via a diffuse oxide interlayer is studied with an atomistic spin model. We investigate the effect of magnetic concentration and oxide layer thickness on the effective exchange coupling strength and find an exponential dependence of the coupling strength on the oxide thickness without the need for magnetic pinholes. Furthermore we show that exchange coupling has a strong temperature dependence which is significant for the reversal dynamics during heat assisted magnetic recording.
Factors Influencing the Quality of the User Experience in Ubiquitous Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Polatidis, Nikolaos
name: Georgiadis, Christos K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of mobile devices and the rapid growth of the internet and networking infrastructure has brought the necessity of using Ubiquitous recommender systems. However in mobile devices there are different factors that need to be considered in order to get more useful recommendations and increase the quality of the user experience. This paper gives an overview of the factors related to the quality and proposes a new hybrid recommendation model.
description: The final publication is available at www.springerlink.com Distributed, Ambient, and Pervasive Interactions Lecture Notes in Computer Science Volume 8530, 2014, pp 369-379
SWISS MADE: Standardized WithIn Class Sum of Squares to Evaluate Methodologies and Dataset Elements
Creators: name: Marron, J. S.
name: Li, Jianying
name: Fan, Cheng
name: Hayes, D. Neil
name: Qi, Yuan
name: Bair, Eric
name: Hayward, Michele C.
name: Wilkerson, Matthew D.
name: Perou, Charles M.
name: Cabanski, Christopher R.
name: Yin, Xiaoying
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Contemporary high dimensional biological assays, such as mRNA expression microarrays, regularly involve multiple data processing steps, such as experimental processing, computational processing, sample selection, or feature selection (i.e. gene selection), prior to deriving any biological conclusions. These steps can dramatically change the interpretation of an experiment. Evaluation of processing steps has received limited attention in the literature. It is not straightforward to evaluate different processing methods and investigators are often unsure of the best method. We present a simple statistical tool, Standardized WithIn class Sum of Squares (SWISS), that allows investigators to compare alternate data processing methods, such as different experimental methods, normalizations, or technologies, on a dataset in terms of how well they cluster a priori biological classes. SWISS uses Euclidean distance to determine which method does a better job of clustering the data elements based on a priori classifications. We apply SWISS to three different gene expression applications. The first application uses four different datasets to compare different experimental methods, normalizations, and gene sets. The second application, using data from the MicroArray Quality Control (MAQC) project, compares different microarray platforms. The third application compares different technologies: a single Agilent two-color microarray versus one lane of RNA-Seq. These applications give an indication of the variety of problems that SWISS can be helpful in solving. The SWISS analysis of one-color versus two-color microarrays provides investigators who use two-color arrays the opportunity to review their results in light of a single-channel analysis, with all of the associated benefits offered by this design. Analysis of the MACQ data shows differential intersite reproducibility by array platform. SWISS also shows that one lane of RNA-Seq clusters data by biological phenotypes as well as a single Agilent two-color microarray.
Additional file 1 of Students’ perception and learning experience in the first medical clerkship
Creators: name: Gottschalk, Marc
name: Albert, Christian
name: Werwick, Katrin
name: Spura, Anke
name: Braun-Dullaeus, Ruediger C.
name: Stieger, Philipp
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Categories and items in English translation and original German version. Supplemental Table 2. Extracts from the original German interviews (anchor quotations), referred to in the results section. Supplemental Table 3. Quantitative survey results from the validation cohort evaluated on a five-level Likert scale.
T Cell LFA-1 Engagement Induces HuR-Dependent Cytokine mRNA Stabilization through a Vav-1, Rac1/2, p38MAPK and MKK3 Signaling Cascade
Creators: name: Bender, Jeffrey R.
name: Rao, Gautham K.
name: Ramgolam, Vinod S.
name: Pardi, Ruggero
name: Markovic-Plese, Silva
name: Collinge, Mark
name: DeGregorio, Scott D.
name: Subaran, Sharmila S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: BackgroundEngagement of the β2 integrin, lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), results in stabilization of T cell mRNA transcripts containing AU-rich elements (AREs) by inducing rapid nuclear-to-cytosolic translocation of the RNA-stabilizing protein, HuR. However, little is known regarding integrin-induced signaling cascades that affect mRNA catabolism. This study examines the role of the GTPases, Rac 1 and Rac 2, and their downstream effectors, in the LFA-1-induced effects on mRNA.Methodology/Principal FindingsEngagement of LFA-1 to its ligand, ICAM-1, in human peripheral T cells resulted in rapid activation of Rac1 and Rac2. siRNA-mediated knockdown of either Rac1 or Rac2 prevented LFA-1-stimulated stabilization of the labile transcripts encoding IFN-γ and TNF-α, and integrin mediated IFN-γ mRNA stabilization was absent in T cells obtained from Rac2 gene-deleted mice. LFA-1 engagement-induced translocation of HuR and stabilization of TNF- α mRNA was lost in Jurkat cells deficient in the Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav-1 (J.Vav1). The transfection of J.Vav1 cells with constitutively active Rac1 or Rac2 stabilized a labile β-globin reporter mRNA, in a HuR-dependent manner. Furthermore, LFA-1-mediated mRNA stabilization and HuR translocation in mouse splenic T cells was dependent on the phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, MKK3, and its target MAP kinase p38MAPK, and lost in T cells obtained from MKK3 gene-deleted mice.Conclusions/SignificanceCollectively, these results demonstrate that LFA-1-induced stabilization of ARE-containing mRNAs in T cells is dependent on HuR, and occurs through the Vav-1, Rac1/2, MKK3 and p38MAPK signaling cascade. This pathway constitutes a molecular switch that enhances immune and pro-inflammatory gene expression in T cells undergoing adhesion at sites of activation and effector function.
Tunable Stripe Order and Weak Superconductivity in the Moiré Hubbard Model
Creators: name: Wietek, Alexander
name: Wang, Jie
name: Zang, Jiawei
name: Cano, Jennifer
name: Georges, Antoine
name: Millis, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The moiré Hubbard model describes correlations in certain homobilayer twisted transition metal dichalcogenides. Using exact diagonalization and density matrix renormalization group methods, we find magnetic Mott insulating and metallic phases, which, upon doping exhibit intertwined charge and spin ordering and, in some regimes, pair binding of holes. The phases are highly tunable via an interlayer potential difference. Remarkably, the hole binding energy is found to be highly tunable revealing an experimentally accessible regime where holes become attractive. In this attractive regime, we study the superconducting correlation function and point out the possibility of weak superconductivity.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
A macroscopic quantum state analysed particle by particle
Creators: name: Beduini, Federica A.
name: Zielinska, Joanna A.
name: Lucivero, Vito G.
name: Astiz, Yannick A. de Icaza
name: Mitchell, Morgan W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Explaining how microscopic entities collectively produce macroscopic phenomena is a fundamental goal of many-body physics. Theory predicts that large-scale entanglement is responsible for exotic macroscopic phenomena, but observation of entangled particles in naturally occurring systems is extremely challenging. Synthetic quantum systems made of atoms in optical lattices have been con- structed with the goal of observing macroscopic quantum phenomena with single-atom resolution. Serious challenges remain in producing and detecting long-range quantum correlations in these systems, however. Here we exploit the strengths of photonic technology, including high coherence and efficient single-particle detection, to study the predicted large-scale entanglement underlying the macroscopic quantum phenomenon of polarization squeezing. We generate a polarization-squeezed beam, extract photon pairs at random, and make a tomographic reconstruction of their joint quantum state. We present experimental evidence showing that all photons arriving within the squeezing coherence time are entangled, that entanglement monogamy dilutes entanglement with increasing photon density and that, counterintuitively, increased squeezing can reduce bipartite entanglement. The results provide direct evidence for entanglement of macroscopic numbers of particles and introduce micro-analysis to the study of macroscopic quantum phenomena.
Encoding a one-dimensional topological gauge theory in a Raman-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Chisholm, Craig S.
name: Frölian, Anika
name: Neri, Elettra
name: Ramos, Ramón
name: Tarruell, Leticia
name: Celi, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological gauge theories provide powerful effective descriptions of certain strongly correlated systems, a prime example being the Chern-Simons gauge theory of fractional quantum Hall states. Engineering topological gauge theories in controlled quantum systems is of both conceptual and practical importance, as it would provide access to systems with exotic excitations such as anyons without the need for strong correlations. Here, we discuss a scheme to engineer the chiral BF theory, a minimal model of a topological gauge theory corresponding to a one-dimensional reduction of the Chern-Simons theory, with ultracold atoms. Using the local conservation laws of the theory, we encode its quantum Hamitonian into an ultracold quantum gas with chiral interactions. Building on a seminal proposal by Edmonds et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 085301 (2013)), we show how to implement it in a Raman-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate with imbalanced scattering lengths, as we have recently realized experimentally (Frölian et al., Nature 608, 293 (2022)). We discuss the properties of the chiral condensate from a gauge theory perspective, and assess the validity of the effective quantum description for accessible experimental parameters via numerical simulations. Our approach lays the foundation for realizing topological gauge theories in higher dimensions with Bose-Einstein condensates.
description: Accepted version
Cold Molecular Gas in Merger Remnants: I. Formation of Molecular Gas Disks
Creators: name: Ueda, Junko
name: Iono, Daisuke
name: Yun, Min S.
name: Crocker, Alison F.
name: Narayanan, Desika
name: Komugi, Shinya
name: Espada, Daniel
name: Hatsukade, Bunyo
name: Kaneko, Hiroyuki
name: Matsuda, Yuichi
name: Tamura, Yoichi
name: Wilner, David J.
name: Kawabe, Ryohei
name: Pan, Hsi-An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present < 1 kpc resolution CO imaging study of 37 optically-selected local merger remnants using new and archival interferometric maps obtained with ALMA, CARMA, SMA and PdBI. We supplement a sub-sample with single-dish measurements obtained at the NRO 45 m telescope for estimating the molecular gas mass (10^7 - 10^11 M_sun), and evaluating the missing flux of the interferometric measurements. Among the sources with robust CO detections, we find that 80 % (24/30) of the sample show kinematical signatures of rotating molecular gas disks (including nuclear rings) in their velocity fields, and the sizes of these disks vary significantly from 1.1 kpc to 9.3 kpc. The size of the molecular gas disks in 54 % of the sources is more compact than the K-band effective radius. These small gas disks may have formed from a past gas inflow that was triggered by a dynamical instability during a potential merging event. On the other hand, the rest (46 %) of the sources have gas disks which are extended relative to the stellar component, possibly forming a late-type galaxy with a central stellar bulge. Our new compilation of observational data suggests that nuclear and extended molecular gas disks are common in the final stages of mergers. This finding is consistent with recent major-merger simulations of gas rich progenitor disks. Finally, we suggest that some of the rotation-supported turbulent disks observed at high redshifts may result from galaxies that have experienced a recent major merger.
description: 35 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in ApJS. For high-quality images and data products (in FITS format), see http://alma-intweb.mtk.nao.ac.jp/~jueda/data/mr/index.html
Canadian Gallup Poll # 448-2
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); Canada's Constitution under Canadian control(4); constitutional debate(3); influence of US government spending reduction on Canada(2); US capital in Canada(2); opinion on teaching profession(1). Note: Demographics(15).
Targeting EGFR Induced Oxidative Stress by PARP1 Inhibition in Glioblastoma Therapy
Creators: name: Kesari, Santosh
name: Nitta, Masayuki
name: D'Andrea, Alan
name: Kushwaha, Deepa
name: Stommel, Jayne
name: Furnari, Frank
name: Hoadley, Katherine A.
name: Chin, Lynda
name: Kozono, David
name: Chen, Clark C.
name: Zinn, Pascal O.
name: Cavenee, Webster K.
name: Kennedy, Richard
name: DePinho, Ronald A.
name: Ng, Kimberly
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Despite the critical role of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) in glioblastoma pathogenesis [1], [2], EGFR targeted therapies have achieved limited clinical efficacy [3]. Here we propose an alternate therapeutic strategy based on the conceptual framework of non-oncogene addiction [4], [5]. A directed RNAi screen revealed that glioblastoma cells over-expressing EGFRvIII [6], an oncogenic variant of EGFR, become hyper-dependent on a variety of DNA repair genes. Among these, there was an enrichment of Base Excision Repair (BER) genes required for the repair of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-induced DNA damage, including poly-ADP ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1). Subsequent studies revealed that EGFRvIII over-expression in glioblastoma cells caused increased levels of ROS, DNA strand break accumulation, and genome instability. In a panel of primary glioblastoma lines, sensitivity to PARP1 inhibition correlated with the levels of EGFR activation and oxidative stress. Gene expression analysis indicated that reduced expression of BER genes in glioblastomas with high EGFR expression correlated with improved patient survival. These observations suggest that oxidative stress secondary to EGFR hyper-activation necessitates increased cellular reliance on PARP1 mediated BER, and offer critical insights into clinical trial design.
Canadian Gallup Poll # 457-1
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); parties and issues(4); job opportunities for married women(2); standard of living(1); Canada's relations with US and Britain(2); major party leaders approval(3); paid maternity leave(1). Note: Demographics(16). Same as previous data set.
The Actin Associated Protein Palladin Is Important for the Early Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation
Creators: name: Gan, Qiong
name: Jin, Li
name: Otey, Carol A.
name: Owens, Gary K.
name: Zieba, Bartosz J.
name: Somlyo, Avril V.
name: Goicoechea, Silvia M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Palladin, an actin associated protein, plays a significant role in regulating cell adhesion and cell motility. Palladin is important for development, as knockdown in mice is embryonic lethal, yet its role in the development of the vasculature is unknown. We have shown that palladin is essential for the expression of smooth muscle cells (SMC) marker genes and force development in response to agonist stimulation in palladin deficient SMCs. The goal of the study was to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying palladin's ability to regulate the expression of SMC marker genes. Results showed that palladin expression was rapidly induced in an A404 cell line upon retinoic acid (RA) induced differentiation. Suppression of palladin expression with siRNAs inhibited the expression of RA induced SMC differentiation genes, SM α-actin (SMA) and SM22, whereas over-expression of palladin induced SMC gene expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays provided evidence that palladin bound to SMC genes, whereas co-immunoprecipitation assays also showed binding of palladin to myocardin related transcription factors (MRTFs). Endogenous palladin was imaged in the nucleus, increased with leptomycin treatment and the carboxyl-termini of palladin co-localized with MRTFs in the nucleus. Results support a model wherein palladin contributes to SMC differentiation through regulation of CArG-SRF-MRTF dependent transcription of SMC marker genes and as previously published, also through actin dynamics. Finally, in E11.5 palladin null mouse embryos, the expression of SMA and SM22 mRNA and protein is decreased in the vessel wall. Taken together, our findings suggest that palladin plays a key role in the differentiation of SMCs in the developing vasculature.
Additional file 2 of Students’ perception and learning experience in the first medical clerkship
Creators: name: Gottschalk, Marc
name: Albert, Christian
name: Werwick, Katrin
name: Spura, Anke
name: Braun-Dullaeus, Ruediger C.
name: Stieger, Philipp
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Supplemental Table 4. COREQ checklist.
Lost Vibration Test Data Recovery Using Convolutional Neural Network: A Case Study
Creators: name: Moeinifard, Pouya
name: Rajabi, Mohammad Sadra
name: Bitaraf, Maryam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data loss in Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) networks has recently become one of the main challenges for engineers. Therefore, a data recovery method for SHM, generally an expensive procedure, is essential. Lately, some techniques offered to recover this valuable raw data using Neural Network (NN) algorithms. Among them, the convolutional neural network (CNN) based on convolution, a mathematical operation, can be applied to non-image datasets such as signals to extract important features without human supervision. However, the effect of different parameters has not been studied and optimized for SHM applications. Therefore, this paper aims to propose different architectures and investigate the effects of different hyperparameters for one of the newest proposed methods, which is based on a CNN algorithm for the Alamosa Canyon Bridge as a real structure. For this purpose, three different CNN models were considered to predict one and two malfunctioned sensors by finding the correlation between other sensors, respectively. Then the CNN algorithm was trained by experimental data, and the results showed that the method had a reliable performance in predicting Alamosa Canyon Bridge's missed data. The accuracy of the model was increased by adding a convolutional layer. Also, a standard neural network with two hidden layers was trained with the same inputs and outputs of the CNN models. Based on the results, the CNN model had higher accuracy, lower computational cost, and was faster than the standard neural network.
Non-existence of a ternary constant weight $(16, 5, 15; 2048)$ diameter perfect code
Creators: name: Krotov, Denis S.
name: Östergård, Patric R. J.
name: Pottonen, Olli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ternary constant weight codes of length $n=2^m$, weight $n-1$, cardinality $2^n$ and distance $5$ are known to exist for every $m$ for which there exists an APN permutation of order $2^m$, that is, at least for all odd $m \geq 3$ and for $m=6$. We show the non-existence of such codes for $m=4$ and prove that any codes with the parameters above are diameter perfect.
description: 9 pages. Submitted for publication
Canadian Gallup Poll # 462-1
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); inflation /unemployment(6); economic policies(2); Prime Minister and the opposition leader job performance(3); political leaders approval(4); energy shortage in Canada(1); greatest problem facing Canada(1). Note: Demographics(17). Same as previous data set.