cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Creating a Novel Origin of Replication through Modulating DNA-Protein Interfaces
Creators: name: Samulski, R. Jude
name: Hewitt, F. Curtis
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: BackgroundWhile the molecular mechanisms of DNA-protein specificity at the origin of replication have been determined in many model organisms, these interactions remain unknown in the majority of higher eukaryotes and numerous vertebrate viruses. Similar to many viral origins of replication, adeno-associated virus (AAV) utilizes a cis-acting origin of replication and a virus specific Replication protein (Rep) to faithfully carry out self-priming replication. The mechanisms of AAV DNA replication are generally well understood. However, the molecular basis of specificity between the Rep protein and the viral origin of replication between different AAV serotypes remains uncharacterized.Methodology/Principal FindingsBy generating a panel of chimeric and mutant origins between two AAV serotypes, we have mapped two independent DNA-Protein interfaces involved in replicative specificity. In vivo replication assays and structural modeling demonstrated that three residues in the AAV2 Rep active site are necessary to cleave its cognate origin. An analogous origin (AAV5) possesses a unique interaction between an extended Rep binding element and a 49 aa region of Rep containing two DNA binding interfaces.Conclusions/SignificanceThe elucidation of these structure-function relationships at the AAV origin led to the creation of a unique recombinant origin and compatible Rep protein with properties independent of either parent serotype. This novel origin may impact the safety and efficacy of AAV as a gene delivery tool. This work may also explain the unique ability of certain AAV serotypes to achieve site-directed integration into the human chromosome. Finally, this result impacts the study of conserved DNA viruses which employ rolling circle mechanisms of replication.
Defining the Functional Domain of Programmed Cell Death 10 through Its Interactions with Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate
Creators: name: Park, Kun
name: Temple, Brenda
name: Bencharit, Sompop
name: Cheeseman, Holly
name: Barbaro, Justin R.
name: Horst, Jeremy A.
name: Johnson, Gary L.
name: Dibble, Christopher F.
name: Malone, Michael H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are vascular abnormalities of the central nervous system predisposing blood vessels to leakage, leading to hemorrhagic stroke. Three genes, Krit1 (CCM1), OSM (CCM2), and PDCD10 (CCM3) are involved in CCM development. PDCD10 binds specifically to PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and OSM. Using threading analysis and multi-template modeling, we constructed a three-dimensional model of PDCD10. PDCD10 appears to be a six-helical-bundle protein formed by two heptad-repeat-hairpin structures (α1–3 and α4–6) sharing the closest 3D homology with the bacterial phosphate transporter, PhoU. We identified a stretch of five lysines forming an amphipathic helix, a potential PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 binding site, in the α5 helix. We generated a recombinant wild-type (WT) and three PDCD10 mutants that have two (Δ2KA), three (Δ3KA), and five (Δ5KA) K to A mutations. Δ2KA and Δ3KA mutants hypothetically lack binding residues to PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 at the beginning and the end of predicted helix, while Δ5KA completely lacks all predicted binding residues. The WT, Δ2KA, and Δ3KA mutants maintain their binding to PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. Only the Δ5KA abolishes binding to PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. Both Δ5KA and WT show similar secondary and tertiary structures; however, Δ5KA does not bind to OSM. When WT and Δ5KA are co-expressed with membrane-bound constitutively-active PI3 kinase (p110-CAAX), the majority of the WT is co-localized with p110-CAAX at the plasma membrane where PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 is presumably abundant. In contrast, the Δ5KA remains in the cytoplasm and is not present in the plasma membrane. Combining computational modeling and biological data, we propose that the CCM protein complex functions in the PI3K signaling pathway through the interaction between PDCD10 and PtdIns(3,4,5)P3.
Noise enhanced spontaneous chaos in semiconductor superlattices at room temperature
Creators: name: Alvaro, M.
name: Carretero, M.
name: Bonilla, L. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physical systems exhibiting fast spontaneous chaotic oscillations are used to generate high-quality true random sequences in random number generators. The concept of using fast practical entropy sources to produce true random sequences is crucial to make storage and transfer of data more secure at very high speeds. While the first high-speed devices were chaotic semiconductor lasers, the discovery of spontaneous chaos in semiconductor superlattices at room temperature provides a valuable nanotechnology alternative. Spontaneous chaos was observed in 1996 experiments at temperatures below liquid nitrogen. Here we show spontaneous chaos at room temperature appears in idealized superlattices for voltage ranges where sharp transitions between different oscillation modes occur. Internal and external noises broaden these voltage ranges and enhance the sensitivity to initial conditions in the superlattice snail-shaped chaotic attractor thereby rendering spontaneous chaos more robust.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, revtex
Continual Horizontal Federated Learning for Heterogeneous Data
Creators: name: Mori, Junki
name: Teranishi, Isamu
name: Furukawa, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated learning is a promising machine learning technique that enables multiple clients to collaboratively build a model without revealing the raw data to each other. Among various types of federated learning methods, horizontal federated learning (HFL) is the best-studied category and handles homogeneous feature spaces. However, in the case of heterogeneous feature spaces, HFL uses only common features and leaves client-specific features unutilized. In this paper, we propose a HFL method using neural networks named continual horizontal federated learning (CHFL), a continual learning approach to improve the performance of HFL by taking advantage of unique features of each client. CHFL splits the network into two columns corresponding to common features and unique features, respectively. It jointly trains the first column by using common features through vanilla HFL and locally trains the second column by using unique features and leveraging the knowledge of the first one via lateral connections without interfering with the federated training of it. We conduct experiments on various real world datasets and show that CHFL greatly outperforms vanilla HFL that only uses common features and local learning that uses all features that each client has.
description: Published at IJCNN 2022
Canadian Gallup Poll # 334
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); strikes in public services(2); Medicare(2); opinion about Prime Minister Trudeau(3); legalizing sweepstakes and lotteries(1); federal government job performance(3); recognizing China(1); area courts(2); threat of dissolution of the Confederation(2). Note: Demographics(11). .
Differences in Efficacy and Safety of Pharmaceutical Treatments between Men and Women: An Umbrella Review
Creators: name: Chapman, Andrea
name: Strobelberger, Michaela
name: Gartlehner, Gerald
name: Thaler, Kylie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Being male or female is an important determinant of risks for certain diseases, patterns of illness and life expectancy. Although differences in risks for and prognoses of several diseases have been well documented, sex-based differences in responses to pharmaceutical treatments and accompanying risks of adverse events are less clear. The objective of this umbrella review was to determine whether clinically relevant differences in efficacy and safety of commonly prescribed medications exist between men and women. We retrieved all available systematic reviews of the Oregon Drug Effectiveness Review Project published before January 2010. Two persons independently reviewed each report to identify relevant studies. We dually abstracted data from the original publications into standardized forms. We synthesized the available evidence for each drug class and rated its quality applying the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach. Findings, based on 59 studies and data of more than 250,000 patients suggested that for the majority of drugs no substantial differences in efficacy and safety exist between men and women. Some clinically important exceptions, however, were apparent: women experienced substantially lower response rates with newer antiemetics than men (45% vs. 58%; relative risk 1.49, 95% confidence interval 1.35–1.64); men had higher rates of sexual dysfunction than women while on paroxetine for major depressive disorder; women discontinued lovastatin more frequently than men because of adverse events. Overall, for the majority of drugs sex does not appear to be a factor that has to be taken into consideration when choosing a drug treatment. The available body of evidence, however, was limited in quality and quantity, confining the range and certainty of our conclusions.
Deep learning and Bayesian inference of gravitational-wave populations: Hierarchical black-hole mergers
Creators: name: Mould, Matthew
name: Gerosa, Davide
name: Taylor, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The catalog of gravitational-wave events is growing, and so are our hopes of constraining the underlying astrophysics of stellar-mass black-hole mergers by inferring the distributions of, e.g., masses and spins. While conventional analyses parametrize this population with simple phenomenological models, we propose an emulation-based approach that can compare astrophysical simulations against gravitational-wave data. We combine state-of-the-art deep-learning techniques with hierarchical Bayesian inference and exploit our approach to constrain the properties of repeated black-hole mergers from the gravitational-wave events in the most recent LIGO/Virgo catalog. Deep neural networks allow us to (i) construct a flexible single-channel population model that accurately emulates simple parametrized numerical simulations of hierarchical mergers, (ii) estimate selection effects, and (iii) recover the branching ratios of repeated-merger generations. Among our results, we find the following: The distribution of host-environment escape speeds favors values less than $100~\mathrm{km\,s^{-1}}$ but is relatively flat, with around $37\%$ of first-generation mergers retained in their host environments; first-generation black holes are born with a maximum mass that is compatible with current estimates from pair-instability supernovae; there is multimodal substructure in both the mass and spin distributions, which, in our model, can be explained by repeated mergers; and binaries with a higher-generation component make up at least $14\%$ of the underlying population. Though these results are inferred through emulation of a simplified model, the deep-learning pipeline we present is readily applicable to realistic astrophysical simulations
description: 29 pages, 17 figures, 5 tables. Accepted in PRD
Dynamic Subunit Exchange and the Regulation of Microtubule Assembly by the Stress Response Protein Human αB Crystallin
Creators: name: Clark, John I.
name: Houck, Scott A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: BackgroundThe small heat shock protein (sHSP), human αB crystallin, forms large, polydisperse complexes that modulate the tubulin-microtubule equilibrium using a dynamic mechanism that is poorly understood. The interactive sequences in αB crystallin for tubulin are surface exposed, and correspond to interactive sites for the formation of αB crystallin complexes.Methodology/Principal FindingsThere is sequence homology between tubulin and the interactive domains in the β8-strand of the core domain and the C-terminal extension of αB crystallin. This study investigated the hypothesis that the formation of tubulin and αB crystallin quaternary structures was regulated through common interactive domains that alter the dynamics of their assembly. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC), SDS-PAGE, microtubule assembly assays, aggregation assays, multiple sequence alignment, and molecular modeling characterized the dynamic response of tubulin assembly to increasing concentrations of αB crystallin. Low molar ratios of αB crystallin∶tubulin were favorable for microtubule assembly and high molar ratios of αB crystallin∶tubulin were unfavorable for microtubule assembly. Interactions between αB crystallin and unassembled tubulin were observed using SEC and SDS-PAGE.Conclusions/SignificanceSubunits of αB crystallin that exchange dynamically with the αB crystallin complex can interact with tubulin subunits to regulate the equilibrium between tubulin and microtubules.
Transverse distinguishability of entangled photons with arbitrarily shaped spatial near- and far-field distributions
Creators: name: Elsner, Robert
name: Puhlmann, Dirk
name: Pieplow, Gregor
name: Heuer, Axel
name: Menzel, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entangled photons generated by spontaneous parametric down conversion inside a nonlinear crystal exhibit a complex spatial photon count distribution. A quantitative description of this distribution helps with the interpretation of experiments that depend on this structure. We developed a theoretical model and an accompanying numerical calculation that includes the effects of phase matching and the crystal properties to describe a wide range of spatial effects in two-photon experiments. The numerical calculation was tested against selected analytical approximations. We furthermore performed a double-slit experiment where we measured the visibility V and the distinguishability D and obtained $D^2 + V^2 = 1.43$. The numerical model accurately predicts these experimental results.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
PSR J1738+0333: The First Millisecond Pulsar + Pulsating White Dwarf Binary
Creators: name: Kilic, Mukremin
name: Hermes, J. J.
name: Gianninas, A.
name: Brown, Warren R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of the first millisecond pulsar with a pulsating white dwarf companion. Following the recent discoveries of pulsations in extremely low-mass (ELM, <0.3 Msol) white dwarfs (WDs), we targeted ELM WD companions to two millisecond pulsars with high-speed Gemini photometry. We find significant optical variability in PSR J1738+0333 with periods between roughly 1790-3060 s, consistent in timescale with theoretical and empirical observations of pulsations in 0.17 Msol He-core ELM WDs. We additionally put stringent limits on a lack of variability in PSR J1909-3744, showing this ELM WD is not variable to <0.1 per cent amplitude. Thanks to the accurate distance and radius estimates from radio timing measurements, PSR J1738+0333 becomes a benchmark for low-mass, pulsating WDs. Future, more extensive time-series photometry of this system offers an unprecedented opportunity to constrain the physical parameters (including the cooling age) and interior structure of this ELM WD, and in turn, the mass and spin-down age of its pulsar companion.
description: MNRAS Letters, in press. Fixed a small error at the end of section 5.1
Canadian Gallup Poll # 380
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); conversion to metric system(1); causes leading to increase in crime(6); Prime Minister job performance(1); retirement(3); church/synagogue attendance(1); Montreal Olympic Games 1976(2); alternative energy resources(1); personal beliefs(5). Note: Demographics(14).
Dynamics of an open quantum system interacting with a quantum environment
Creators: name: Shankar, Athreya
name: Lakshmibala, S.
name: Balakrishnan, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the dynamics of subsystems of bipartite and tripartite quantum systems with nonlinear Hamiltonians. We consider two models which capture the generic features of open quantum systems: a three-level atom interacting with a single-mode radiation field, and a three-level atom interacting with two field modes which do not directly interact with each other. The entanglement of specific initially unentangled states of the atom-field system is examined through the time-varying subsystem von Neumann entropy (SVNE). The counterparts of near-revivals and fractional revivals of the initial state are clearly identifiable in the SVNE in all cases where revival phenomena occur. The Mandel $Q$ parameter corresponding to the photon number of a radiation field is obtained as a function of time in both models. In those cases where revivals are absent, a time series analysis of the mean photon number reveals a variety of ergodicity properties (as manifested in return maps, recurrence-time distributions and Lyapunov exponents), depending on the strength of the nonlinearity and the degree of coherence of the initial state of the radiation field(s).
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
Evolutionary Characters, Phenotypes and Ontologies: Curating Data from the Systematic Biology Literature
Creators: name: Engeman, Jeffrey
name: Mabee, Paula M.
name: Kothari, Cartik
name: Lapp, Hilmar
name: Balhoff, James P.
name: Vision, Todd J.
name: Hilton, Eric J.
name: Westerfield, Monte
name: Grande, Terry
name: Dahdul, Wasila M.
name: Lundberg, John G.
name: Midford, Peter E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: BackgroundThe wealth of phenotypic descriptions documented in the published articles, monographs, and dissertations of phylogenetic systematics is traditionally reported in a free-text format, and it is therefore largely inaccessible for linkage to biological databases for genetics, development, and phenotypes, and difficult to manage for large-scale integrative work. The Phenoscape project aims to represent these complex and detailed descriptions with rich and formal semantics that are amenable to computation and integration with phenotype data from other fields of biology. This entails reconceptualizing the traditional free-text characters into the computable Entity-Quality (EQ) formalism using ontologies.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe used ontologies and the EQ formalism to curate a collection of 47 phylogenetic studies on ostariophysan fishes (including catfishes, characins, minnows, knifefishes) and their relatives with the goal of integrating these complex phenotype descriptions with information from an existing model organism database (zebrafish, http://zfin.org). We developed a curation workflow for the collection of character, taxonomic and specimen data from these publications. A total of 4,617 phenotypic characters (10,512 states) for 3,449 taxa, primarily species, were curated into EQ formalism (for a total of 12,861 EQ statements) using anatomical and taxonomic terms from teleost-specific ontologies (Teleost Anatomy Ontology and Teleost Taxonomy Ontology) in combination with terms from a quality ontology (Phenotype and Trait Ontology). Standards and guidelines for consistently and accurately representing phenotypes were developed in response to the challenges that were evident from two annotation experiments and from feedback from curators.Conclusions/SignificanceThe challenges we encountered and many of the curation standards and methods for improving consistency that we developed are generally applicable to any effort to represent phenotypes using ontologies. This is because an ontological representation of the detailed variations in phenotype, whether between mutant or wildtype, among individual humans, or across the diversity of species, requires a process by which a precise combination of terms from domain ontologies are selected and organized according to logical relations. The efficiencies that we have developed in this process will be useful for any attempt to annotate complex phenotypic descriptions using ontologies. We also discuss some ramifications of EQ representation for the domain of systematics.
Canadian Gallup Poll # 377
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); US capital in Canada(2); family spending on food(1); racially mixed neighborhoods(2); birth control(1); immigration to Canada(4); curfew for children under 16(1); public attitudes to foreign countries(8); shorter work-week in industry(2). Note: Demographics(14). Added: year of birth; number of people in the household, children under 10, between 10-17.
QCD inequalities for hadron interactions
Creators: name: Detmold, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive generalisations of the Weingarten--Witten QCD mass inequalities for particular multi-hadron systems. For systems of any number of identical pseudo-scalar mesons of maximal isospin, these inequalities prove that interactions between the constituent mesons must be repulsive and that no bound states can form in these channels. Similar constraints in less symmetric systems are also extracted. These results are compatible with experimental results (where known) and recent lattice QCD calculations, and also lead to a more stringent bound on the nucleon mass than previously derived, $m_N \ge 3/2 m_π$.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Autofocusing+: Noise-Resilient Motion Correction in Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Creators: name: Kuzmina, Ekaterina
name: Razumov, Artem
name: Rogov, Oleg Y.
name: Adalsteinsson, Elfar
name: White, Jacob
name: Dylov, Dmitry V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Image corruption by motion artifacts is an ingrained problem in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). In this work, we propose a neural network-based regularization term to enhance Autofocusing, a classic optimization-based method to remove motion artifacts. The method takes the best of both worlds: the optimization-based routine iteratively executes the blind demotion and deep learning-based prior penalizes for unrealistic restorations and speeds up the convergence. We validate the method on three models of motion trajectories, using synthetic and real noisy data. The method proves resilient to noise and anatomic structure variation, outperforming the state-of-the-art demotion methods.
Expression Levels of a Kinesin-13 Microtubule Depolymerase Modulates the Effectiveness of Anti-Microtubule Agents
Creators: name: Rogers, Stephen L.
name: Currie, Joshua D.
name: Schimizzi, Gregory V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: BackgroundChemotheraputic drugs often target the microtubule cytoskeleton as a means to disrupt cancer cell mitosis and proliferation. Anti-microtubule drugs inhibit microtubule dynamics, thereby triggering apoptosis when dividing cells activate the mitotic checkpoint. Microtubule dynamics are regulated by microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs); however, we lack a comprehensive understanding about how anti-microtubule agents functionally interact with MAPs. In this report, we test the hypothesis that the cellular levels of microtubule depolymerases, in this case kinesin-13 s, modulate the effectiveness of the microtubule disrupting drug colchicine.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe used a combination of RNA interference (RNAi), high-throughput microscopy, and time-lapse video microscopy in Drosophila S2 cells to identify a specific MAP, kinesin-like protein 10A (KLP10A), that contributes to the efficacy of the anti-microtubule drug colchicine. KLP10A is an essential microtubule depolymerase throughout the cell cycle. We find that depletion of KLP10A in S2 cells confers resistance to colchicine-induced microtubule depolymerization to a much greater extent than depletion of several other destabilizing MAPs. Using image-based assays, we determined that control cells retained 58% (±2%SEM) of microtubule polymer when after treatment with 2 µM colchicine for 1 hour, while cells depleted of KLP10A by RNAi retained 74% (±1%SEM). Likewise, overexpression of KLP10A-GFP results in increased susceptibility to microtubule depolymerization by colchicine.Conclusions/SignificanceOur results demonstrate that the efficacy of microtubule destabilization by a pharmacological agent is dependent upon the cellular expression of a microtubule depolymerase. These findings suggest that expression levels of Kif2A, the human kinesin-13 family member, may be an attractive biomarker to assess the effectiveness of anti-microtubule chemotherapies. Knowledge of how MAP expression levels affect the action of anti-microtubule drugs may prove useful for evaluating possible modes of cancer treatment.
Mermin and Svetlichny inequalities for non-projective measurement observables
Creators: name: Siddiqui, Mohd Asad
name: Sazim, Sk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The necessary and sufficient criteria for violating the Mermin and Svetlichny inequalities by arbitrary three-qubit states are presented. Several attempts have been made, earlier, to find such criteria, however, those extant criteria are neither tight for most of the instances, nor fully general. We generalize the existing criteria for Mermin and Svetlichny inequalities which are valid for the local projective measurement observables as well as for the arbitrary ones. We obtain the maximal achievable bounds of the Mermin and Svetlichny operators with unbiased measurement observables for arbitrary three-qubit states and with arbitrary observables for three-qubit states having maximally mixed marginals. We find that for certain ranges of measurement strengths, it is possible to violate Mermin and Svetlichny inequalities only by biased measurement observables. The necessary and sufficient criteria of violating any one of the six possible Mermin and Svetlichny inequalities are also derived.
description: 17+13+epsilon pages, close to published version
I covenants finanziari
Creators: name: Maglio, Claudia
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: IUS/01 DIRITTO PRIVATO
subject: Covenants
subject: Covenant

description: 2020 - 2021
description: The term Covenants refers to a series of different and multiple accessory agreements, characterizing the liquidity loan contracts to companies, with which the financed party assumes explicit commitments connected, directly or indirectly, to the obligation to repay the supplied sum. This work first of all has the purpose of analyzing the system of guarantees in force within our civil system and therefore of relating it to the covenants, in order to identify a possible usefulness of the latter within our current system. We will then proceed to the analysis of the main types of clauses, widespread in practice, attempting a possible individualization by macro-categories. Finally, the last chapter will be dedicated to the evaluation of the possible consequences deriving from the legal classification that concretely will be given to the control exercised by the creditor over the company. More precisely, we will try to create a borderline between those clauses that will lead to an activity of marked interference of the lender on the business activity, such as to misrepresent the management authority of its powers, and those that will lead to a less invasive behavior that will allow the management to keep a certain discretion in the choice, even if bound by the awareness of the consequences that a certain conduct may have for the company. This analysis is essential as it represents the real driving force for the diffusion of these instruments on the market, being key for the lender to immediately verify what the consequences of the introduction of covenants may be within financial loan contracts. [edited by author]
Is It Possible to Achieve Profound Pulpal Anesthesia in Deep Carious Young Permanent Molars? A Review of the Literature
Creators: name: Chanika Manmontri
Publisher: name: Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University
Year: 2021
Subjects: inferior alveolar nerve block
local anesthesia
pediatric patients
pulpal anesthesia
supplement injection

description: Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 42, 2, 32-43
First Qualification Study of Serum Biomarkers as Indicators of Total Body Burden of Osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Jordan, Joanne
name: Kraus, Virginia B.
name: Renner, Jordan
name: Kepler, Thomas B.
name: Stabler, Thomas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: BackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating chronic multijoint disease of global proportions. OA presence and severity is usually documented by x-ray imaging but whole body imaging is impractical due to radiation exposure, time and cost. Systemic (serum or urine) biomarkers offer a potential alternative method of quantifying total body burden of disease but no OA-related biomarker has ever been stringently qualified to determine the feasibility of this approach. The goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of three OA-related biomarkers to predict various forms or subspecies of OA and total body burden of disease.Methodology/Principal FindingsFemale participants (461) with clinical hand OA underwent radiography of hands, hips, knees and lumbar spine; x-rays were comprehensively scored for OA features of osteophyte and joint space narrowing. Three OA-related biomarkers, serum hyaluronan (sHA), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (sCOMP), and urinary C-telopeptide of type II collagen (uCTX2), were measured by ELISA. sHA, sCOMP and uCTX2 correlated positively with total osteophyte burden in models accounting for demographics (age, weight, height): R2 = 0.60, R2 = 0.47, R2 = 0.51 (all p<10−6); sCOMP correlated negatively with total joint space narrowing burden: R2 = 0.69 (p<10−6). Biomarkers and demographics predicted 35–38% of variance in total burden of OA (total joint space narrowing or osteophyte). Joint size did not determine the contribution to the systemic biomarker concentration. Biomarker correlation with disease in the lumbar spine resembled that in the rest of the skeleton.Conclusions/SignificanceWe have suspected that the correlation of systemic biomarkers with disease has been hampered by the inability to fully phenotype the burden of OA in a patient. These results confirm the hypothesis, revealed upon adequate patient phenotyping, that systemic joint tissue concentrations of several biomarkers can be quantitative indicators of specific subspecies of OA and of total body burden of disease.
Relativistic calculations of the isotope shifts in highly charged Li-like ions
Creators: name: Zubova, N. A.
name: Kozhedub, Y. S.
name: Shabaev, V. M.
name: Tupitsyn, I. I.
name: Volotka, A. V.
name: Plunien, G.
name: Brandau, C.
name: Stöhlker, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic calculations of the isotope shifts of energy levels in highly charged Li-like ions are performed. The nuclear recoil (mass shift) contributions are calculated by merging the perturbative and large-scale configuration-interaction Dirac-Fock-Sturm (CI-DFS) methods. The nuclear size (field shift) contributions are evaluated by the CI-DFS method including the electron-correlation, Breit, and QED corrections. The nuclear deformation and nuclear polarization corrections to the isotope shifts in Li-like neodymium, thorium, and uranium are also considered. The results of the calculations are compared with the theoretical values obtained with other methods.
description: 28 pages
Canadian Gallup Poll # 290
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Upcoming federal election: vote intent, predicted winner(2); unemployment(1); current party preference(1); Prime Minister and the opposition leader job performance(4); political parties(2); racial politics in South Africa(2); Canadian Senate(3); immigration(1); Canada and the Common Market(3). Note: Demographics(11).
Canadian Gallup Poll # 320
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); auto safety(2); labor unions(7); Prime Minister and the opposition leader job performances4); US war in Vietnam(1); old age pensions(1); government assistance to railroads(1). Note: Demographics(11).
Canadian Gallup Poll # 327
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); inflation(2); attributes of a good Member of Parliament(7); free trade with US(1); bilingual signs(1); Medicare(2); government's treatment of Indians(1); taxes(1). Note: Demographics(11).
Generation of IL-23 Producing Dendritic Cells (DCs) by Airborne Fungi Regulates Fungal Pathogenicity via the Induction of TH-17 Responses
Creators: name: Gilliet, Michel
name: Chamilos, Georgios
name: Goldman, William E.
name: Ganguly, Dipyaman
name: Gregorio, Josh
name: Meller, Stephan
name: Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P.
name: Lande, Roberto
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Interleukin-17 (IL-17) producing T helper cells (TH-17) comprise a newly recognized T cell subset with an emerging role in adaptive immunity to a variety of fungi. Whether different airborne fungi trigger a common signaling pathway for TH-17 induction, and whether this ability is related to the inherent pathogenic behavior of each fungus is currently unknown. Here we show that, as opposed to primary pathogenic fungi (Histoplasma capsulatum), opportunistic fungal pathogens (Aspergillus and Rhizopus) trigger a common innate sensing pathway in human dendritic cells (DCs) that results in robust production of IL-23 and drives TH-17 responses. This response requires activation of dectin-1 by the fungal cell wall polysaccharide b-glucan that is selectively exposed during the invasive growth of opportunistic fungi. Notably, unmasking of b-glucan in the cell wall of a mutant of Histoplasma not only abrogates the pathogenicity of this fungus, but also triggers the induction of IL-23 producing DCs. Thus, b-glucan exposure in the fungal cell wall is essential for the induction of IL-23/TH-17 axis and may represent a key factor that regulates protective immunity to opportunistic but not pathogenic fungi.
Canadian Gallup Poll # 332
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); US draft dodgers(2); churches and social affairs(1); NATO(2); Prime Minister and the opposition leader job performance(2); church and birth control(4); satisfaction with housing(1); students' participation in running universities(2). Note: Demographics(11).
Towards electronic microplates with multimodal sensing for bioassays
Creators: name: Nieder, Daniel
name: Janićijević, Željko
name: Cela, Isli
name: Baraban, Larysa
Publisher: name: Rodare
Year: 2024

description: Scientists and clinicians across various disciplines rely on the use of microplates in laboratories and clinical settings. Traditional optical measurement techniques involving cumbersome microplate readers and advanced microscopes, offer valuable insights into biological systems. These techniques typically require trained personnel, often limiting their use to dedicated core laboratories. In addition, many bioassays require staining, increasing complexity, and sample processing times. We introduce a novel thermal-based readout method that offers a cost-effective, user-friendly, and real-time alternative to complement the traditional techniques. This new approach has the potential to broaden the accessibility and simplify the bioassay analysis. Thermal sensors can be seamlessly integrated into standardized microplate formats. The sensing principle relies on the inversely proportional relationship between resistance change and heating pulses, generated through Joule heating. The so-called modified Transient Plane Source technique is sensitive to changes in the thermal effusivity of the sample, which can be related to changes in biological properties. Additionally, by precisely regulating the current flowing through the single-element sensor between the measured pulses, we gain the capability to control temperature, providing both, incubation and sensing functions using a single thermal element. This added versatility enhances the potential applications of thermal-based readouts in various bioassays. We aim to demonstrate our proof-of-concept using a straightforward and reliable biological system tracking bacterial growth. Yet, our approach extends beyond the integration of thermal sensors. Our device The overarching vision is to create a versatile multimodal sensing interface capable of not only controlling the environment but also measuring a range of factors, including thermal bulk properties, electrical bulk properties, and specific biomarkers.
Canadian Gallup Poll # 301
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Upcoming federal election: interest, vote intent, predicted winner(9); past federal elections vote(1); party preference(1); nuclear weapons for Canadian armed forces(1); Prime Minister and the opposition leader job performances(4). Note: Demographics(15). Dropped: drivers' license, country of origin. Added: voting eligibility, number of people over 21 in the household, staying home.
Glucose Attenuation of Auxin-Mediated Bimodality in Lateral Root Formation Is Partly Coupled by the Heterotrimeric G Protein Complex
Creators: name: Jones, Alan M.
name: Booker, Katherine S.
name: Garrett, Michelle B.
name: Schwarz, John
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Auxin and glucose are both essential elements in normal root development. The heterotrimeric G protein complex in Arabidopsis thaliana, defined as containing alpha (AtGPA1), beta (AGB1), and gamma (AGG) subunits and a GTPase accelerating protein called Regulator of G Signaling 1 protein (AtRGS1), are involved in glucose signaling and regulate auxin transport.
How to write a contemporary scientific article
Creators: name: Krasnov, Vladimir M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Today scientists are drowned in information and have no time for reading all publications even in a specific area. The information is sifted and only a small fraction of articles is being read. Under circumstances, scientific articles have to be properly adjusted to pass through the superficial sifting. Here I present written down instructions that I used to give to my students with almost serious advises on how to write (and how not to write) a contemporary scientific article. I argue that it should tell a story and should answer on the three main questions: Why, What and So what?
description: Almost serious advices to PhD students: 3 pages, 1 Fig
Explaining Jupiter's magnetic field and equatorial jet dynamics
Creators: name: Gastine, T.
name: Wicht, J.
name: Duarte, L.
name: Heimpel, M.
name: Becker, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spacecraft data reveal a very Earth-like Jovian magnetic field. This is surprising since numerical simulations have shown that the vastly different interiors of terrestrial and gas planets can strongly affect the internal dynamo process. Here we present the first numerical dynamo that manages to match the structure and strength of the observed magnetic field by embracing the newest models for Jupiter's interior. Simulated dynamo action primarily occurs in the deep high electrical conductivity region while zonal flows are dynamically constrained to a strong equatorial jet in the outer envelope of low conductivity. Our model reproduces the structure and strength of the observed global magnetic field and predicts that secondary dynamo action associated to the equatorial jet produces banded magnetic features likely observable by the Juno mission. Secular variation in our model scales to about 2000 nT per year and should also be observable during the one year nominal mission duration.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Geophysical Research Letters
Strain Sensitivity in the Nitrogen 1s NEXAFS Spectra of Gallium Nitride
Creators: name: Ritchie, Andrew
name: Eger, Shaylin
name: Wright, Chelsey
name: Chelladurai, Daniel
name: Borrowman, Cuyler
name: Olovsson, Weine
name: Magnuson, Martin
name: Verma, Jai
name: Jena, Debdeep
name: Xing, Huili Grace
name: Dubuc, Christian
name: Urquhart, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Nitrogen 1s near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) of gallium nitride (GaN) shows a strong natural linear dichroism that arises from its anisotropic wurtzite structure. An additional spectroscopic variation arises from lattice strain in epitaxially grown GaN thin films. This variation is directly proportional to the degree of strain for some spectroscopic features. This strain variation is interpreted with the aid of density functional theory calculations.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169433214015980 or Applied Surface Science 316, 232 (2014)
Canadian Gallup Poll # 346
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); equal job opportunity for women(3); immigration to Canada(1); wage freeze(3); party preference(1); Arab-Israeli conflict(2); day-care centers(2); inflation, unemployment(2); Quebec's separatism(1). Note: Demographics(11).
Granuloma Formation and Host Defense in Chronic Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Requires PYCARD/ASC but Not NLRP3 or Caspase-1
Creators: name: Sandor, Matyas
name: Braunstein, Miriam
name: Ting, Jenny P.-Y.
name: Hulseberg, Paul D.
name: McCann, Jessica R.
name: McElvania TeKippe, Erin
name: Allen, Irving C.
name: Sullivan, Jonathan T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The NLR gene family mediates host immunity to various acute pathogenic stimuli, but its role in chronic infection is not known. This paper addressed the role of NLRP3 (NALP3), its adaptor protein PYCARD (ASC), and caspase-1 during infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Mtb infection of macrophages in culture induced IL-1β secretion, and this requires the inflammasome components PYCARD, caspase-1, and NLRP3. However, in vivo Mtb aerosol infection of Nlrp3−/−, Casp-1−/−, and WT mice showed no differences in pulmonary IL-1β production, bacterial burden, or long-term survival. In contrast, a significant role was observed for Pycard in host protection during chronic Mtb infection, as shown by an abrupt decrease in survival of Pycard−/− mice. Decreased survival of Pycard−/− animals was associated with defective granuloma formation. These data demonstrate that PYCARD exerts a novel inflammasome-independent role during chronic Mtb infection by containing the bacteria in granulomas.
Hierarchy of Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorems for the Classical One-Component Plasma
Creators: name: Golden, Kenneth
name: Heath, Joshuah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have derived tractable cubic (p=3) and quartic (p=4) fluctuation-dissipation theorems (FDTs) for the classical one-component plasma in a form that links a single (p+1)-point dynamical structure function to a linear combination of pth-order density response functions amenable to calculation from model plasma kinetic equations. For p greater than or equal to 3, we note the emergence of "remainder" contributions comprised of clusters of lower-order dynamical structure functions which can be ultimately traded for response functions vis-a-vis the linear and quadratic FDTs. Our analysis paves the way for gaining a clear understanding of the structure of the FDT hierarchy.