cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PhotoSpec - Comprehensive Ground-Based Studies of Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence: From the New Methods for Measurements of Photosynthesis from Space Study
Creators: name: Frankenberg, Christian
name: Drewry, Darren
name: Stutz, Jochen
Publisher: name: Keck Institute for Space Studies
Year: 2018

description: The major goal of the PhotoSpec program was to develop a set of robust ground-based spectrometers that meet the measurement requirements to retrieve solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence by exploiting solar Fraunhofer lines.
Paternalism and Liberty/Autonomy as Dialectically Related Concepts
Creators: name: Beck, Birgit
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::100 Philosophie::100 Philosophie und Psychologie
subject: paternalism
subject: liberty
subject: autonomy
subject: ethics

description: Following a seminal definition by Gerald Dworkin, paternalism comprises interventions which interfere with the liberty or autonomy of a person, lack the concerned person’s consent and are conducted with benevolent intention. In a paper titled “The Concept of Paternalism” Dominik Düber advises abstaining from applying the notions of liberty and autonomy in a conceptual analysis of paternalism in order to avoid conceptual confusion and moral preconception regarding paternalism. In the present paper, I will argue to the contrary that both the concept and justification of paternalism depend dialectically on the notions of liberty and autonomy, respectively. The concept of paternalism alters its structure and meaning according to these notions. Likewise, the legal and ethical evaluation of particular instances of paternalism depend on the related concepts of liberty and autonomy.
Coupled Quantum Dots Fabricated by Cleaved Edge Overgrowth: From Artificial Atoms to Molecules
Creators: name: Schedelbeck, Gert
name: Wegscheider, Werner
name: Bichler, Max
name: Abstreiter, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Atomically precise quantum dots of mesoscopic size have been fabricated in the gallium arsenide-aluminum gallium arsenide material system by cleaved edge overgrowth, with a high degree of control over shape, composition, and position. The formation of bonding and antibonding states between two such "artificial atoms" was studied as a function of quantum dot separation by microscopic photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The coupling strength within these "artificial molecules" is characterized by a systematic dependence of the separation of the bonding and antibonding levels, and of the PL linewidth, on the "interatomic" distance. This model system opens new insights into the physics of coupled quantum objects.
Mechanics of fiber-reinforced hyperelastic solids
Creators: name: Jimenez, Francisco Lopez
Publisher: name: Keck Institute for Space Studies
Year: 2010

description: Recent designs for deployable space structures include elements that can be folded to high
curvatures and recover elastically. A type of material proposed for such hinges is fiber composites
with a soft silicone matrix. This research focuses on the characterization of this type
of composites. Their mechanical properties during folding have been studied experimentally,
revealing a highly non-linear moment-curvature relationship and stress softening, due to microdamage.
The micromechanics of the problem have also been studied numerically, with a finite
element model that takes into account the arrangement of the fibers. The model predicts most
of the features observed experimentally, including the microbuckling that reduces fiber strain
during folding. The model overestimates the material stiffness, due to its inability to model
the damage taking place in the material. Current efforts are focused on modeling this damage
process. In order to do so, the tension stiffness transverse to the fibers has been measured.
Preliminary results including cohesive elements that delamination show good agreement with
the tests.
Synthesis of thiazolidin-4-ones and thiazinan-4-ones from 1-(2-aminoethyl)pyrrolidine as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Creators: name: Neves, Adriana M. das
name: Berwaldt, Gabriele A.
name: Avila, Cinara T.
name: Goulart, Taís B.
name: Moreira, Bruna C.
name: Ferreira, Taís P.
name: Soares, Mayara S. P.
name: Pedra, Nathalia S.
name: Spohr, Luiza
name: dE Souza, Anita A. A.
name: Spanevello, Roselia M.
name: Cunico, Wilson
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The present study describes the synthesis of a novel series of thiazolidin-4-one and thiazinan-4-one using 1-(2-aminoethyl)pyrrolidine as amine precursor. All compounds were synthesised by one-pot three component cyclocondensation reaction from the amine, a substituted benzaldehyde and a mercaptocarboxylic acid. The compounds were obtained in moderate to good yields and were identified and characterised by 1H, 13 C, 2 D NMR and GC/MS techniques. The compounds also were screened for their in vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in hippocampus and cerebral cortex on Wistar rats. The six most potent compounds have been investigated for their cytotoxicity by cell viability assay of astrocyte primary culture, an important cell of central nervous system. We highlighted two compounds (6a and 6k) that had the lowest IC50 in hippocampus (5.20 and 4.46 µM) and cerebral cortex (7.40 and 6.83 µM). These preliminary and important results could be considered a starting point for the development of new AChE inhibitory agents.
Design, synthesis and cholinesterase inhibitory properties of new oxazole benzylamine derivatives
Creators: name: Šagud, Ivana
name: Hrvat, Nikolina Maček
name: Grgičević, Ana
name: Čadež, Tena
name: Hodak, Josipa
name: Dragojević, Milena
name: Lasić, Kornelija
name: Kovarik, Zrinka
name: Škorić, Irena
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) are primary targets in attenuating the symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases. Their inhibition results in elevated concentrations of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine which supports communication among nerve cells. It was previously shown for trans-4/5-arylethenyloxazole compounds to have moderate AChE and BChE inhibitory properties. A preliminary docking study showed that elongating oxazole molecules and adding a new NH group could make them more prone to bind to the active site of both enzymes. Therefore, new trans-amino-4-/5-arylethenyl-oxazoles were designed and synthesised by the Buchwald-Hartwig amination of a previously synthesised trans-chloro-arylethenyloxazole derivative. Additionally, naphthoxazole benzylamine photoproducts were obtained by efficient photochemical electrocyclization reaction. Novel compounds were tested as inhibitors of both AChE and BChE. All of the compounds exhibited binding preference for BChE over AChE, especially for trans-amino-4-/5-arylethenyl-oxazole derivatives which inhibited BChE potently (IC50 in µM range) and AChE poorly (IC50≫100 µM). Therefore, due to the selectivity of all of the tested compounds for binding to BChE, these compounds could be applied for further development of cholinesterase selective inhibitors.HIGHLIGHTSSeries of oxazole benzylamines were designed and synthesisedThe tested compounds showed binding selectivity for BChENaphthoxazoles were more potent AChE inhibitors Series of oxazole benzylamines were designed and synthesised The tested compounds showed binding selectivity for BChE Naphthoxazoles were more potent AChE inhibitors
Advanced control designs for output tracking of hydrostatic transmissions
Creators: name: Dang, Ngoc Danh
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 600 Technology (Applied sciences)
subject: 620 Engineering & allied operations

description: The work addresses simple but efficient model descriptions in a combination with advanced control and estimation approaches to achieve an accurate tracking of the desired trajectories. The proposed control designs are capable of fully exploiting the wide operation range of HSTs within the system configuration limits. A new trajectory planning scheme for the output tracking that uses both the primary and secondary control inputs was developed. Simple models or even purely data-driven models are envisaged and deployed to develop several advanced control approaches for HST systems.
Does land tenure security reduce deforestation? Evidence for the Brazilian Amazon
Creators: name: Mastrangelo, João Paulo
name: Gori Maia, Alexandre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Land governance
subject: Security of tenure
subject: Deforestation
subject: Brazilian Amazon

description: We evaluate the extent to which farms with secure land rights are less prone to deforest and more likely to comply with the Forest Code in the Brazilian Amazon. We use a unique dataset with farm-level information for the whole population of farms in the state of Acre, Brazil. We work with a proxy for land tenure security defined as the absence of overlapping property rights, which means that for each rural plot, there is only one land title attesting to whom the legal ownership belongs. We evaluate the impacts of secure land right on the farm's share of the deforested area and the likelihood that farmers comply with the Brazilian Forest Code, which defines a limit of 20% of the deforested area in each farm. The non-randomness between the treatment (land security) and control (land insecurity) groups is controlled using the inverse probability weighting regression adjustment. Our results highlight that land tenure security reduces the deforested area and increases compliance with the Forest Code.
Oxy-imino saccharidic derivatives as a new structural class of aldose reductase inhibitors endowed with anti-oxidant activity
Creators: name: D'Andrea, Felicia
name: Sartini, Stefania
name: Piano, Ilaria
name: Franceschi, Matteo
name: Quattrini, Luca
name: Guazzelli, Lorenzo
name: Ciccone, Lidia
name: Orlandini, Elisabetta
name: Gargini, Claudia
name: La Motta, Concettina
name: Nencetti, Susanna
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Aldose reductase is a key enzyme in the development of long term diabetic complications and its inhibition represents a viable therapeutic solution for people affected by these pathologies. Therefore, the search for effective aldose reductase inhibitors is a timely and pressing challenge. Herein we describe the access to a novel class of oxyimino derivatives, obtained by reaction of a 1,5-dicarbonyl substrate with O-(arylmethyl)hydroxylamines. The synthesised compounds proved to be active against the target enzyme. The best performing inhibitor, compound (Z)-8, proved also to reduce both cell death and the apoptotic process when tested in an in vitro model of diabetic retinopathy made of photoreceptor-like 661w cell line exposed to high-glucose medium, counteracting oxidative stress triggered by hyperglycaemic conditions.
Intramedulläre Nagelosteosynthese versus palmare Plattenosteosynthese bei extraartikulären distalen Radiusfrakturen
Creators: name: Mielsch, Nadja
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Schätzungsweise 90% der distalen Radiusfrakturen mit winkelstabiler, palmarer Plattenosteosynthese werden versorgt [44]. Hiernach kommt es jedoch zu einem beachtlichen Anteil an Komplikationen, die vorwiegend Implantat-assoziiert sind. Um dem entgegen zu wirken, wurden intramedulläre Verfahren entwickelt, die bei gleicher Stabilität eine Minimierung der Weichteiltraumatisierung und somit zu insgesamt weniger Komplikationen führen sollen. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde anhand eines prospektiv, randomisierten Patientenkollektivs die winkelstabile, volare Plattenosteosynthese einem intramedullären Marknagel (Targon DR®) funktionell sowie radiologisch gegenübergestellt.
Additional file 1 of The role of saline irrigation prior to wound closure in the reduction of surgical site infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Ambe, Peter C.
name: Rombey, Tanja
name: Julian-Dario Rembe
name: Dörner, Johannes
name: Zirngibl, Hubert
name: Pieper, Dawid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Summary of findings table.
null Bestimmung des Ruheenergieumsatzes über indirekte Kalorimetrie und die daraus abgeleitete Entwicklung einer Praxismethode zur geschlechts-, gewichts- und altersgruppierten Schätzung des Ruheenergieumsatzes bei untergewichtigen bis morbid adipösen Erwachsenen
Creators: name: Ramminger, Sara
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: In der Praxis wird die indirekte Kalorimetrie (IC) zur Ruheenergieumsatz (REE)-Messung kaum genutzt, alternative Schätzungen führen zu Fehleinschätzungen. Ziel war es, eine möglichst genaue/einfache Methode zur geschlechts-, gewichts- und altersangepassten Schätzung des REE zu entwickeln. Der REE wurde bei 2622 untergewichtigen bis adipösen 18-100-jährigen Personen (IC) ermittelt. Es wurden geschlechtsspezifische Tabellen für die praxisorientierte REE-Abschätzung konzipiert. Absolute REE-Angaben kategorisiert nach Gewicht und 3 Alterskategorien schätzen den REE bei 65% der Personen genau ein.
Atomic-scale electron-beam sculpting of defect-free graphene nanostructures
Creators: name: Song, Bo
name: Schneider, Grégory F.
name: Xu, Qiang
name: Pandraud, Grégory
name: Dekker, Cees
name: Zandbergen, Henny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to harvest the many promising properties of graphene in (electronic) applications, a technique is required to cut, shape or sculpt the material on a nanoscale without damage to its atomic structure, as this drastically influences the electronic properties of the nanostructure. Here, we reveal a temperature-dependent self-repair mechanism allowing damage-free atomic-scale sculpting of graphene using a focused electron beam. We demonstrate that by sculpting at temperatures above 600 °C, an intrinsic self-repair mechanism keeps the graphene single-crystalline during cutting, even thought the electron beam induces considerable damage. Self-repair is mediated by mobile carbon ad-atoms constantly repairing the defects caused by the electron beam. Our technique allows reproducible fabrication and simultaneous imaging of single-crystalline free-standing nanoribbons, nanotubes, nanopores, and single carbon chains.
description: 23 pages including supplementary information
null Erfolgsbewertung endodontischer Behandlungen an der Universitätsmedizin Rostock im Zeitraum von 2005 bis 2011
Creators: name: Schulte, Anika
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Studie war die computergestützte Auswertung von an der Universitätsmedizin Rostock in den Jahren 2005 bis 2011 durchgeführten Wurzelkanalbehandlungen mit dem Ziel, die Misserfolgsrate in Abhängigkeit vom Kontrollzeitraum und verschiedenen Einflussfaktoren zu ermitteln. Dabei war zu unterscheiden zwischen absolutem Misserfolg durch Entfernung des betroffenen Zahnes oder Verbleib des Zahnes im Kiefer (relativer Misserfolg) bei erneuter Behandlung durch z.B. Revision oder Wurzelspitzenresektion.
Orbital structure in barred spiral galaxies
Creators: name: Harsoula, Maria
name: Kalapotharakos, Constantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the orbital structure in a series of self-consistent $N$-body configurations simulating rotating barred galaxies with spiral and ring structures. We perform frequency analysis in order to measure the angular and the radial frequencies of the orbits at two different time snapshots during the evolution of each $N$-body system. The analysis is done separately for the regular and the chaotic orbits. We thereby identify the various types of orbits, determine the shape and percentages of the orbits supporting the bar and the ring/spiral structures, and study how the latter quantities change during the secular evolution of each system. Although the frequency maps of the chaotic orbits are scattered, we can still identify concentrations around resonances. We give the distributions of frequencies of the most important populations of orbits. We explore the phase space structure of each system using projections of the 4D surfaces of section. These are obtained via the numerical integration of the orbits of test particles, but also of the real $N$-body particles. We thus identify which domains of the phase space are preferred and which are avoided by the real particles. The chaotic orbits are found to play a major role in supporting the shape of the outer envelope of the bar as well as the rings and the spiral arms formed outside corotation.
description: 15 pages, 20 figures
Pseudoläsionen der distalen Tibia
Creators: name: Arndt, Hanka
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: In der MRT-Bildgebung der Gelenke fallen zunehmend nicht pathologische Normalvarianten der Knorpel-Knochen-Textur auf, die jedoch als pathologische osteochondrale Läsionen missverstanden werden können und somit womöglich vermeidbaren Interventionen zugeführt werden. Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Häufigkeit und den MRT-morphologischen Kriterien einer bislang nur einmal beschriebenen Pseudoläsion im Bereich des distalen Tibiaplateaus. Hierbei wird deutlich, dass es sich um eine seltene Läsion handelt, die unter Umständen sich an der Grenze von Normvariante-Prädilektionsstelle bewegt.
Geometric Dynamics of Plasma in Jet Spaces with Berwald-Moor Metric
Creators: name: Neagu, Mircea
name: Udriste, Constantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B21, 53B40, 53C80

description: In this paper we construct the differential equations of the stream lines that characterize plasma regarded as a non-isotropic medium geometrized by a jet rheonomic time-invariant Berwald-Moor metric. Section 1 contains historical notes regarding the Plasma Physics and its geometrical description. Section 2 analyzes the generalized Lagrange geometrical approach of the non-isotropic plasma on 1-jet spaces. Section 3 studies the non-isotropic plasma as a medium geometrized by the jet rheonomic Berwald-Moor metric.
description: 8 pages, This paper will be presented at the 9th International Conference on System Science and Simulation in Engineering (ICOSSSE-10), Iwate, Japan, October 4-6, 2010.
Lunar University Network for Astrophysics Research: Comprehensive Report to The NASA Lunar Science Institute. March 1, 2012
Creators: name: Burns, Jack
name: Lazio, Joseph
Publisher: name: Keck Institute for Space Studies
Year: 2012

description: The Lunar University Network for Astrophysics Research (LUNAR) is a team of researchers and students at leading universities, NASA centers, and federal research laboratories undertaking investigations aimed at using the Moon as a platform for space science. LUNAR research includes Lunar Interior Physics & Gravitation using Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR), Low Frequency Cosmology and Astrophysics (LFCA), Planetary Science and the Lunar Ionosphere, Radio Heliophysics, and Exploration Science. The LUNAR team is exploring technologies that are likely to have a dual purpose, serving both exploration and science. There is a certain degree of commonality in much of LUNAR’s research. Specifically, the technology development for a lunar radio telescope involves elements from LFCA, Heliophysics, Exploration Science, and Planetary Science; similarly the drilling technology developed for LLR applies broadly to both Exploration and Lunar Science.
Tools and Algorithms for Sampling in Extreme Terrains
Creators: name: Tanner, Melissa
name: Burdick, Joel
name: Nesnas, Issa
Publisher: name: Keck Institute for Space Studies
Year: 2013

description: Extreme-terrain robots such as JPL’s Axel rover are enabling access to new and exciting science opportunities. The goal of this mini-program was to develop a compact sampling instrument for Axel. Over the summer of 2012, a small group of students designed, built, and tested prototype sampling devices. Nikola Georgiev created a versatile four-degree-of-freedom scoop, which can acquire up to 4 different samples in clean self-sealing containers. Hima Hassenruck-Gudipati studied percussive scooping, and prototyped a percussive scoop that takes advantage Axel’s independent body rotation to acquire samples. Kristen Holtz and Yifei Huang collaborated on a pneumatic sampling system, which uses a puff of air to propel loose grains into flexible tubing, and separates the grains into an interchangeable sample container. Each of these sampling systems has been demonstrated, and each proved useful for different conditions. In turn, the students gained valuable design experience and the opportunity to work alongside a number of experts in various fields.
ADVANCING DATA ANALYSIS THROUGH FUZZY PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS: A COMPREHENSIVE EXPLORATION IN CANCER DATA INSIGHTS
Creators: name: HASSANIA HAMZAOUI
name: BOUCHRA DAOUDI
name: MOUNIR GOUIOUEZ
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fuzzy Set Theory, Fuzzy C-Means Clustering Algorithm, Membership Function, Fuzzy Principal Component Analysis.

description: Abstract
This article introduces a novel paradigm in quantitative data analysis by proposing an algorithm that integrates fuzzy set theory with the established Principal Component Analysis (PCA) methodology. This integration is designed to optimize and enhance the latter's ability to capture and interpret complex patterns within quantitative data that may exhibit varying degrees of fuzziness, and imprecision in real-world datasets. Fuzzy set theory, pioneered by Zadeh in 1965, provides a formalism for representing and manipulating uncertainty and imprecision in data. By incorporating this theory into the PCA algorithm, we seek to resolve the practical limitations posed by the deterministic nature of traditional PCA. The proposed algorithm's efficacy is evaluated using a real-world dataset focused on cancer, with results systematically compared against those obtained through the PCA algorithm. The assessment extends to two additional datasets concerning cardiovascular disease and diabetes, ensuring the generalizability and robustness of the findings. Empirical evidence substantiates that the Fuzzy Principal Component Analysis algorithm surpasses the PCA algorithm in terms of efficiency and performance. This superiority persists even when confronted with datasets of increased dimensionality. This research contributes to augmenting analytics capacity for handling imprecise and uncertain data, and substantiating these enhancements through empirical validation on diverse datasets.
Josephson junction chains with long-range interactions: Phase slip proliferation versus Kosterlitz-Thouless transition
Creators: name: Devillard, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of long range badly screened Coulomb interactions in a one-dimensional chain of Josephson junctions is studied. Correlation functions for the phase correlator are obtained as a function of the Josephson coupling energy, the short range part of Coulomb repulsion and its long range component. Though quasi-long range order is no longer possible and the usual Kosterlitz-Thouless transition no longer exists, there are remnants of it. As an application, we calculate the $I-V$ curves for Andreev reflexion when a normal metal is placed in contact with the chain. Formally, there is always an offset voltage $V_0$ below which no current can flow, however, in some regimes $V_0$ can be negligible. Contrary to what happens without long-range interactions, the Andreev current, as a function of applied voltage, increases faster than any power law. Signatures of long range interactions and phase slips appear in the $I-V$ curves. Possible application for quasi one-dimensional thin superconducting wires is outlined.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, accepted in Phys. Rev. B (2011)
Hidden Hot Dark Matter as Cold Dark Matter
Creators: name: Sigurdson, Kris
Publisher: name: Keck Institute for Space Studies
Year: 2009

description: We show that hidden hot dark matter, hidden-sector dark matter with
interactions that decouple when it is relativistic, is a viable dark matter
candidate provided it has never been in thermal equilibrium with the particles
of the standard model. This hidden hot dark matter may reheat to a lower
temperature and number density than the visible Universe and thus account,
simply with its thermal abundance, for all the dark matter in the Universe
while evading the typical constraints on hot dark matter arising from structure
formation. We find masses ranging from ~3 keV to ~10 TeV. While never in
equilibrium with the standard model, this class of models may have unique
observational signatures in the matter power spectrum or via extra-weak
interactions with standard model particles.
Analyse des Krankheitsverlaufs von Patientinnen mit Multipler Sklerose in Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit
Creators: name: Pils, Antonia-Joana
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Bei der vorliegenden Arbeit handelt es sich um eine retrospektive Kohortenstudie, in welcher bei 68 MS-Patientinnen der Universitätsmedizin Rostock der MS-Krankheits- und Schwangerschaftsverlauf sowie mögliche soziodemographische, gynäkologische und krankheitsspezifische Einflussfaktoren analysiert wurden.
Countries’ economic segmentation using k-means clustering for the year 2021
Creators: name: Benbrahim, Souhila
name: Saloua, Chaouche
name: Toumache, Rachid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Applied economics not elsewhere classified

description: In this paper, we have summarized the results of the study that aims to break down countries into several distinct groups using data mining clustering algorithms. This behavioral-based Value segmentation was done using k-means as a data mining clustering algorithm using GDP, GDP per capita, and GDP per area. This analysis classified countries into five value segments using k-means and selected GDP per capita as the best metric to measure the economic axis.
Formation of Dust in the Ejecta of Type Ia Supernovae
Creators: name: Nozawa, Takaya
name: Maeda, Keiichi
name: Kozasa, Takashi
name: Tanaka, Masaomi
name: Nomoto, Ken'ichi
name: Umeda, Hideyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the formation of dust grains in the ejecta of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), adopting the carbon-deflagration W7 model. In the calculations of dust formation, we apply the nucleation and grain growth theory and consider the two cases with and without formation of CO and SiO molecules. The results of the calculations show that for the sticking probability of alpha_j=1, C, silicate, Si, and FeS grains can condense at early times of ~100--300 days after the explosion, whereas Fe and SiC grains cannot form substantially. Due to the low gas density in SNe Ia with no H-envelope, the average radii of the newly formed grains are generally below 0.01 micron, being much smaller than those in Type II-P SNe. This supports our previous conclusion that the radius of dust formed in the ejecta is smaller in SNe with less massive envelopes. The total dust mass ranges from 3x10^{-4} M_sun to 0.2 M_sun for alpha_j=0.1--1, depending on whether or not CO and SiO molecules are formed. We also estimate the optical depths and thermal emission by the newly formed dust and compare to the relevant observations of SNe Ia. We find that the formation of C grains in SNe Ia is suppressed to be consistent with the observational constraints. This implies that energetic photons and electrons heavily depress the formation efficiency of C grains or that the outermost C-O layer of SNe Ia is almost fully burned. Finally, we perform the calculations of dust destruction in the SN remnants and find that dust grains formed in the ejecta of SNe Ia are almost completely destroyed in the shocked gas before being injected into the interstellar medium. This indicates that SNe Ia are unlikely to be the major sources of interstellar dust.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Zusammenhang von arbeits- und personenbezogenen Indikatoren mit psychischer Gesundheit bei verbeamteten und angestellten Gymnasiallehrkräften
Creators: name: Möll, Lucas Fritz
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 370 Education
subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Diese Arbeit untersucht den Zusammenhang von arbeits- und personenbezogenen Indikatoren mit psychischer Gesundheit bei Lehrkräften. Dabei nutzt sie Daten der Studie „Lehrerarbeit im Wandel" von Seibt und Kreuzfeld (2017). Es zeigten sich bei einem Drittel gesundheitsgefährdende Arbeitsbedingungen, 40 % verausgaben sich zu sehr für die Arbeit. Vier Prozent sind stark Burnout gefährdet. Arbeitsbedingungen und Personenmerkmale sind die relevantesten Einflussfaktoren auf die psychische Gesundheit, Beamtenstatus und Arbeitszeitmaße von untergeordneter Bedeutung.
Enhancing the superconducting transition temperature of BaSi2 by structural tuning
Creators: name: Flores-Livas, José A.
name: Debord, Régis
name: Botti, Silvana
name: Miguel, Alfonso San
name: Marques, Miguel A. L.
name: Pailhès, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a joint experimental and theoretical study of the superconducting phase of the layered binary silicide BaSi2. Compared with the layered AlB2 structure of graphite or diboride-like superconductors, in the hexagonal structure of binary silicides the sp3 arrangement of silicon atoms leads to corrugated sheets. Through a high-pressure synthesis procedure we are able to modify the buckling of these sheets, obtaining the enhancement of the superconducting transition temperature from 4 K to 8.7 K when the silicon planes flatten out. By performing ab-initio calculations based on density functional theory we explain how the electronic and phononic properties of the system are strongly affected by changes in the buckling. This mechanism is likely present in other intercalated layered superconductors, opening the way to the tuning of superconductivity through the control of internal structural parameters.
description: Submitted
PECULIAR POLYDOMY IN WOOD ANTS (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE): AN AUXILIARY NEST SEVEN METRES UNDERGROUND - Online media
Creators: name: Maák, Istvan Elek
name: Trigos Peral, Gema
name: Rutkowski, Tomasz
name: Czechowski, Wojciech
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310302
subject: Community ecology (excl. invasive species ecology)
classificationCode: 310403
subject: Biological adaptation
classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: Ant activity recorded in the bunker nest in January 2018.
Lipidomic analysis of cancer cells cultivated at acidic pH reveals phospholipid fatty acids remodelling associated with transcriptional reprogramming
Creators: name: Urbanelli, Lorena
name: Buratta, Sandra
name: Logozzi, Mariantonia
name: Mitro, Nico
name: Sagini, Krizia
name: Di Raimo, Rossella
name: Caruso, Donatella
name: Fais, Stefano
name: Emiliani, Carla
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Cancer cells need to modulate the biosynthesis of membrane lipids and fatty acids to adapt themselves to an accelerated rate of cell division and survive into an extracellular environment characterised by a low pH. To gain insight this crucial survival process, we investigated the lipid composition of Mel 501 melanoma cells cultured at either physiological or acidic pH and observed the remodelling of phospholipids towards longer and more unsaturated acyl chains at low pH. This modification was related to changes in gene expression profile, as we observed an up-regulation of genes involved in acyl chain desaturation, elongation and transfer to phospholipids. PC3 prostate and MCF7 breast cancer cells adapted at acidic pH also demonstrated phospholipid fatty acid remodelling related to gene expression changes. Overall findings clearly indicate that low extracellular pH impresses a specific lipid signature to cells, associated with transcriptional reprogramming.
Additional file 4 of Genetic characterization of Addison’s disease in Bearded Collies
Creators: name: Gershony, Liza C.
name: Belanger, Janelle M.
name: Hytönen, Marjo K.
name: Lohi, Hannes
name: Famula, Thomas R.
name: Oberbauer, Anita M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table 3. Haplotype blocks associated with Addison’s disease in Bearded Collies. Haplotype blocks associated with Addison’s disease on canine chromosomes 11, 16 and 18 in 103 unrelated Bearded Collies (41 cases, 62 controls). Locations represent the position of the first and last single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in each block and are based on the CanFam3.1 reference genome.
A possible correlation between the high energy electron spectrum and the cosmic-ray secondary-to-primary ratios
Creators: name: Thoudam, Satyendra
name: Hörandel, Jörg R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of high energy cosmic-ray electrons by the Fermi-LAT and the HESS experiments between $20$ GeV and $5$ TeV have found that the energy spectrum closely follow a broken power-law with a break at around $1$ TeV. On the other hand, measurements of cosmic-ray secondary-to-primary ratios like the boron-to-carbon ratio seem to indicate a possible change in the slope at energies around $100$ GeV/n. In this paper, we discuss one possible explanation for the observed break in the electron spectrum and its possible correlation with the flattening in the secondary-to-primary ratios at higher energies. In our model, we assume that cosmic-rays after acceleration by supernova remnant shock waves, escape downstream of the shock and remain confined within the remnant until the shock slows down. During this time, the high-energy electrons suffer from radiative energy losses and the cosmic-ray nuclei undergo nuclear fragmentations due to their interactions with the matter. Once the cosmic-rays are released from the supernova remnants, they follow diffusive propagation in the Galaxy where they further suffer from radiative or fragmentation losses.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, Accepted by MNRAS
In search of home : family literacy practices among Iranian refugee and immigrant families
Creators: name: Ghaffartehrani, Mahshid
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: This thesis presents a case study of the family literacy practices of an Iranian refugee family and an Iranian immigrant family, both with a young child (aged between 6-9) in Canada. It also identifies the Iranian immigrant and refugee families’ beliefs about perceptions of their first language (L1) and second language (L2) (English, Farsi ) as well as the needs, resources, barriers, and expectations for addressing their children’s early literacy development. This study addresses a gap in the research with Iranian minority families and draws attention to difference between refugees’ and immigrants’ family literacy practices, considering Ogbu’s differentiation between voluntary/involuntary migration. The study was informed by sociocultural theories of literacy and literacy as a social practice. Data collection included participant observation, field notes, semi-structured interviews, and collection of artifacts such as children’s writing and drawing. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis (LeCompte & Schensul, 1999) with a focus on literacy events. The refugee and the immigrant children shared various literacy practices shaped in their social communities by their family, peers and teachers. However, the children differed in terms of their home literacy practices which were shaped by their parents’ experiences, social position, migrant status, and cultural and social capital. For example, the immigrant family viewed literacy as a skill that needed to be taught and learned, ensured the child practiced at home, and provided tutoring. The refugee family did not expect the children to practice literacy skills at home and were unable to provide tutoring. While the voluntary migrant family ensured the children maintained their first language, the involuntary migrant family did not. Consistent with Ogbu’s hypothesis the child from the voluntary migrant family performed well in school while the child from the involuntary migrant family struggled. Contrary to Ogbu’s hypothesis, the involuntary migrant family were eager to acculturate into the dominant society whereas the voluntary migrant family were less so inclined, maintaining strong links with their homeland, and its culture and language. The findings of this study have implications for future research, families and educators.
Recent Developments in Simulations of Low-mass Star Formation
Creators: name: Machida, Masahiro N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In star forming regions, we can observe different evolutionary stages of various objects and phenomena such as molecular clouds, protostellar jets and outflows, circumstellar disks, and protostars. However, it is difficult to directly observe the star formation process itself, because it is veiled by the dense infalling envelope. Numerical simulations can unveil the star formation process in the collapsing gas cloud. Recently, some studies showed protostar formation from the prestellar core stage, in which both molecular clouds and protostars are resolved with sufficient spatial resolution. These simulations showed fragmentation and binary formation, outflow and jet driving, and circumstellar disk formation in the collapsing gas clouds. In addition, the angular momentum transfer and dissipation process of the magnetic field in the star formation process were investigated. In this paper, I briefly review recent developments in numerical simulations of low-mass star formation.
description: Proceedings of the IAU Symposium 270 "Computational Star Formation" (eds. Alves, Elmegreen, Girart, Trimble)
Investigating the effect of the compression rate on the kinetic response of diamond anvil cell experiments
Creators: name: Plückthun, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 500 Natural sciences
subject: 530 Physics

description: In this work, the high pressure behavior of cubic and hexagonal symmetric samples: Au, Pt, Re, Zn, Fe, [Fe,Mg]O were investigated by means of dynamic compression. The simultaneous use of hard X-ray radiation at synchrotron and free-electron laser (XFEL) facilities allowed time-resolved investigation of the lattice response of these materials. Here, using the membrane-driven and the novel piezo-driven dynamic diamond anvil cell enabled the possibility to directly compare the effect of quasi-static or intermediate compression rates.
MCT4 promotes cell proliferation and invasion of castration-resistant prostate cancer PC-3 cell line
Creators: name: Sun, Qing
name: Hu, Liang-Liang
name: Fu, Qiang
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: prostate cancer
MCT4
aerobic glycolysis
siRNA
cell viability

description: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in men. Blocking androgen receptor (AR) signaling is an effective treatment strategy for the treatment of advanced metastatic disease of PCa in men. However, the method of blocking AR signaling is not suitable for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), and the treatment of CRPC is still clinically difficult. It has recently been reported that MCT4 is a plasma membrane transporter that mediates the secretion of lactic acid from aerobic glycolysis by cancer cells. Its expression is up-regulated in PCa and plays an important role in the carcinogenesis of PCa, but the underlying mechanism is hardly known. The MCT4 gene of PC-3 cell line was knocked down by siRNA, then MCT4 mRNA and protein was detected by real-time PCR and western blotting, respectively. CCK-8, Transwell migration assay, Flow cytometry, and TUNEL methods were used to detect the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of PC-3 cells by MCT4 knockdown, and the expression of invasion-related proteins (MCT4) was detected by western blot analysis. The treatment of PC-3 with candidate MCT4 siRNAs led to marked inhibition of MCT4 expression in both mRNA and protein level. MCT4 knockdown inhibits PC-3 cell proliferation and facilitates apoptosis. Furthermore, MCT4 promoted the invasion capabilities of PC-3 cells by regulating invasion-related genes, such as VEGF, CD147, MMP2 and MMP9. In conclusion, MCT4 promotes oncogenic process of PCa may, as least partially, by inhibiting cell apoptosis and accelerating cell proliferation as well as invasion abilities of PC-3 cells. VEGF, CD147, MMP2 and MMP9 are important downstream genes of MCT4 in facilitating cell invasion.
description: EXCLI Journal; 18:Doc187; ISSN 1611-2156
Synthesis, anticancer evaluation and molecular docking studies of new benzimidazole- 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives as human topoisomerase types I poison
Creators: name: Çevik, Ulviye Acar
name: Sağlık, Begüm Nurpelin
name: Osmaniye, Derya
name: Levent, Serkan
name: Çavuşoğlu, Betül Kaya
name: Karaduman, Abdullah Burak
name: Eklioğlu, Özlem Atlı
name: Özkay, Yusuf
name: Kaplancıklı, Zafer Asım
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: In this study, some benzimidazole-oxadiazole derivatives were synthesised and tested for their in vitro anticancer activities on five cancer cell lines, including HeLa, MCF7, A549, HepG2 and C6. Their structures were elucidated by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 2 D-NMR and HRMS spectroscopic methods. Among all screened compounds; 5a, 5b, 5d, 5e, 5k, 5l, 5n and 5o exhibited potent selective cytotoxic activities against various tested cancer cell lines. Especially, compounds 5l and 5n exhibited the most antiproliferative activity than Hoechst 33342 and doxorubicin against HeLa cell line, with IC50 of 0.224 ± 0.011 µM and 0.205 ± 0.010 µM, respectively. Furthermore, these potent lead cytotoxic agents were evaluated in terms of their inhibition potency against Topoisomerase I and it was determined that selected compounds inhibited the Topoisomerase I. Docking studies were performed and probable interactions in the DNA-Topo I enzyme complex was determined.
Mobilisation des sciences de données, de l'analyse de l'activité et de l'approche systémique comme cadre d'analyse du pilotage des systèmes éducatifs : Enjeux pour l'amélioration de la réussite éducative
Creators: name: ALLADATIN, Judicaël
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: pilotage des systèmes éducatifs
gouvernance scolaire
analyse de l'activité
réussite scolaire
numérique éducatif
approche systémique

description: Judicaël Alladatin est professeur de statistique, de gouvernance et de planification de l'éducation à l'Institut des sciences de l'éducation de l'UM6P depuis avril 2020. Il est aussi chercheur associé à l’observatoire international sur les impacts sociétaux de l’IA et du numérique (OBVIA, U. Laval, Québec). Dans ce document de présentation il propose un résumé de son habilitation à diriger des recherches en sciences de l'éducation et de la formation soutenu le 3 mars 2023 à l'Université Mohammed VI Polytechnique.
Detection of estrogenic substances and their distribution patterns in the marine environment
Creators: name: Deich, Carina
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemistry & allied sciences

description: In addition to endogenous natural sex hormones (estrogens), other substances can also exert an estrogenic effect on organisms. Due to the possible impairment of the endocrine system, these substances are classified as endocrine disruptors. In this work, surface water samples from the Baltic Sea and the South China Sea were analyzed for estrogenic substances and estrogenic activity using instrumental analysis and an effect-based bioassay. It was found that both natural and synthetic estrogenic substances are present in both areas and that they are influenced seasonally and regionally.