cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum Computational Complexity and Symmetry
Creators: name: Rethinasamy, Soorya
name: LaBorde, Margarite L.
name: Wilde, Mark M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Testing the symmetries of quantum states and channels provides a way to assess their usefulness for different physical, computational, and communication tasks. Here, we establish several complexity-theoretic results that classify the difficulty of symmetry-testing problems involving a unitary representation of a group and a state or a channel that is being tested. In particular, we prove that various such symmetry-testing problems are complete for BQP, QMA, QSZK, QIP(2), QIP_EB(2), and QIP, thus spanning the prominent classes of the quantum interactive proof hierarchy and forging a non-trivial connection between symmetry and quantum computational complexity. Finally, we prove the inclusion of two Hamiltonian symmetry-testing problems in QMA and QAM, while leaving it as an intriguing open question to determine whether these problems are complete for these classes.
description: 28 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, submission to the journal special issue honoring A. Ravi P. Rau
Clarifying Mixed Messages: International Scholarship Programmes in the Sustainable Development Agenda
Creators: name: Campbell, Anne
name: Mawer, Matt
Publisher: name: Middlebury
Year: 2022
Subjects: Education policy
History and philosophy of education
Sociology of education
International relations

description: The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) include an explicit commitment to "substantially expand" the study-abroad scholarships available to developing countries (Target 4b). Although this Target indicates a level of consensus about the benefits of scholarship programmes, it is made ambiguous by assuming coherence among many types of scholarship programme with different aims, approaches, and undergirding theories. In this paper, we examine the potential consequences of underpinning Target 4b through three theories: human capital, human rights, and human capabilities. Through the lenses of these three theories, we find significantly different outcomes projected for the ways that scholarship programs are linked to sustainable development. Additionally, failing to comprehend the theoretical frames that undergird scholarship programs creates an opportunity for diverse (and sometimes perverse) outcomes that may not serve the world's compact for a sustainable future. We propose a way forward through a human capabilities approach.
Edge-aware Feature Aggregation Network for Polyp Segmentation
Creators: name: Zhou, Tao
name: Zhang, Yizhe
name: Chen, Geng
name: Zhou, Yi
name: Wu, Ye
name: Fan, Deng-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Precise polyp segmentation is vital for the early diagnosis and prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC) in clinical practice. However, due to scale variation and blurry polyp boundaries, it is still a challenging task to achieve satisfactory segmentation performance with different scales and shapes. In this study, we present a novel Edge-aware Feature Aggregation Network (EFA-Net) for polyp segmentation, which can fully make use of cross-level and multi-scale features to enhance the performance of polyp segmentation. Specifically, we first present an Edge-aware Guidance Module (EGM) to combine the low-level features with the high-level features to learn an edge-enhanced feature, which is incorporated into each decoder unit using a layer-by-layer strategy. Besides, a Scale-aware Convolution Module (SCM) is proposed to learn scale-aware features by using dilated convolutions with different ratios, in order to effectively deal with scale variation. Further, a Cross-level Fusion Module (CFM) is proposed to effectively integrate the cross-level features, which can exploit the local and global contextual information. Finally, the outputs of CFMs are adaptively weighted by using the learned edge-aware feature, which are then used to produce multiple side-out segmentation maps. Experimental results on five widely adopted colonoscopy datasets show that our EFA-Net outperforms state-of-the-art polyp segmentation methods in terms of generalization and effectiveness. Our implementation code and segmentation maps will be publicly at https://github.com/taozh2017/EFANet.
description: Accepted by Machine Intelligence Research (2025)
Quantum Process Tomography of a Molmer-Sorensen Interaction
Creators: name: Navon, Nir
name: Akerman, Nitzan
name: Kotler, Shlomi
name: Glickman, Yinnon
name: Ozeri, Roee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the quantum process tomography of a M$ø$lmer-S$ø$rensen entangling gate. The tomographic protocol relies on a single discriminatory transition, exploiting excess micromotion in the trap to realize all operations required to prepare all input states and analyze all output states. Using a master-slave diode lasers setup, we demonstrate a two-qubit entangling gate, with a fidelity of Bell state production of 0.985(10). We characterize its $χ$-process matrix, the simplest for an entanglement gate on a separable-states basis, and we observe that the dominant source of error is accurately modelled by a quantum depolarization channel.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of DNA methylation patterns of β-globin cluster in β-thalassemia patients
Creators: name: Xiuqin Bao
name: Yangjin Zuo
name: Diyu Chen
name: Zhao, Cunyou
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Phenotypic data of human subjects (Tables S1 and S2) and sequences of primers (Table S3) employed in this study.
A novel knee joint model in FEBio with inhomogeneous fibril-reinforced biphasic cartilage simulating tissue mechanical responses during gait: data from the osteoarthritis initiative
Creators: name: Paz, Alexander
name: Orozco, Gustavo A.
name: Tanska, Petri
name: García, José J.
name: Korhonen, Rami K.
name: Mononen, Mika E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: We developed a novel knee joint model in FEBio to simulate walking. Knee cartilage was modeled using a fibril-reinforced biphasic (FRB) formulation with depth-wise collagen architecture and split-lines to account for cartilage structure. Under axial compression, the knee model with FRB cartilage yielded contact pressures, similar to reported experimental data. Furthermore, gait analysis with FRB cartilage simulated spatial and temporal trends in cartilage fluid pressures, stresses, and strains, comparable to those of a fibril-reinforced poroviscoelastic (FRPVE) material in Abaqus. This knee joint model in FEBio could be used for further studies of knee disorders using physiologically relevant loading.
Monotone $T$-convex $T$-differential fields
Creators: name: Kaplan, Elliot
name: Pynn-Coates, Nigel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $T$ be a complete, model complete o-minimal theory extending the theory of real closed ordered fields and assume that $T$ is power bounded. Let $K$ be a model of $T$ equipped with a $T$-convex valuation ring $\mathcal{O}$ and a $T$-derivation $\partial$ such that $\partial$ is monotone, i.e., weakly contractive with respect to the valuation induced by $\mathcal{O}$. We show that the theory of monotone $T$-convex $T$-differential fields, i.e., the common theory of such $K$, has a model completion, which is complete and distal. Among the axioms of this model completion, we isolate an analogue of henselianity that we call $T^{\partial}$-henselianity. We establish an Ax--Kochen/Ershov theorem and further results for monotone $T$-convex $T$-differential fields that are $T^{\partial}$-henselian.
description: 28 pages; v4: typos corrected
The p-cohomology of algebraic varieties and special values of zeta functions
Creators: name: Milne, James S.
name: Ramachandran, Niranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G15, 11G25

description: The p-cohomology of an algebraic variety in characteristic p lies naturally in the category $D_{c}^{b}(R)$ of coherent complexes of graded modules over the Raynaud ring (Ekedahl-Illusie-Raynaud). We study homological algebra in this category. When the base field is finite, our results provide relations between the the absolute cohomology groups of algebraic varieties, log varieties, algebraic stacks, etc. and the special values of their zeta functions. These results provide compelling evidence that $D_{c}^{b}(R)$ is the correct target for p-cohomology in characteristic p.
description: Because of font differences, the pagination of the arXiv version is different from other versions
Karl Ubl, Sinnstiftungen eines Rechtsbuchs. Die Lex Salica im Frankenreich. (Quellen und Forschungen zum Recht im Mittelalter, Bd. 9.) Ostfildern, Thorbecke 2017
Creators: name: Borgolte, Michael
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 900 Geschichte, Geografie und Hilfswissenschaften
subject: 944 Frankreich und Monacos

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
Internationalization of Georgian Higher Education: National and International Influences
Creators: name: Campbell, Anne
name: Gorgodze, Sophia
Publisher: name: Middlebury
Year: 2022
Subjects: Education policy
History and philosophy of education
Sociology of education
International relations

description: In response to the scant academic research about higher education internationalization in Eastern Europe and the Caucasus, this paper investigates the characteristics and influences of internationalization in the Republic of Georgia. Based on interviews with Georgian government representatives and university faculty and administrators, this research identified the perceived benefits of internationalization and the effectiveness of its implementation. The research findings indicate that three main engines are driving internationalization in Georgia: western influences through modeling and international programs; national higher education accreditation processes; and the academic programs, courses, and partnerships developed by internationally-mobile Georgian faculty and students. In addition, two recent opportunities for additional growth in internationalization are described â€" international students in Georgia and joint and dual degrees â€" along with recommendations on how to further enhance internationalization efforts.
Unsupervised Accent Adaptation Through Masked Language Model Correction Of Discrete Self-Supervised Speech Units
Creators: name: Poncelet, Jakob
name: Van hamme, Hugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-supervised pre-trained speech models have strongly improved speech recognition, yet they are still sensitive to domain shifts and accented or atypical speech. Many of these models rely on quantisation or clustering to learn discrete acoustic units. We propose to correct the discovered discrete units for accented speech back to a standard pronunciation in an unsupervised manner. A masked language model is trained on discrete units from a standard accent and iteratively corrects an accented token sequence by masking unexpected cluster sequences and predicting their common variant. Small accent adapter blocks are inserted in the pre-trained model and fine-tuned by predicting the corrected clusters, which leads to an increased robustness of the pre-trained model towards a target accent, and this without supervision. We are able to improve a state-of-the-art HuBERT Large model on a downstream accented speech recognition task by altering the training regime with the proposed method.
description: Submitted to ICASSP2024
Tight conic approximation of testing regions for quantum statistical models and measurements
Creators: name: Dall'Arno, Michele
name: Buscemi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum statistical models (i.e., families of normalized density matrices) and quantum measurements (i.e., positive operator-valued measures) can be regarded as linear maps: the former, mapping the space of effects to the space of probability distributions; the latter, mapping the space of states to the space of probability distributions. The images of such linear maps are called the testing regions of the corresponding model or measurement. Testing regions are notoriously impractical to treat analytically in the quantum case. Our first result is to provide an implicit outer approximation of the testing region of any given quantum statistical model or measurement in any finite dimension: namely, a region in probability space that contains the desired image, but is defined implicitly, using a formula that depends only on the given model or measurement. The outer approximation that we construct is minimal among all such outer approximations, and close, in the sense that it becomes the maximal inner approximation up to a constant scaling factor. Finally, we apply our approximation formulas to characterize, in a semi-device independent way, the ability to transform one quantum statistical model or measurement into another.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 2 of Effectiveness of blended learning versus lectures alone on ECG analysis and interpretation by medical students
Creators: name: Viljoen, Charle André
name: Millar, Rob Scott
name: Manning, Kathryn
name: Burch, Vanessa Celeste
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Material 2. Example of a ‘take-home message’ that could be downloaded from the web application once the ECG was analysed and interpreted.
A novel knee joint model in FEBio with inhomogeneous fibril-reinforced biphasic cartilage simulating tissue mechanical responses during gait: data from the osteoarthritis initiative
Creators: name: Paz, Alexander
name: Orozco, Gustavo A.
name: Tanska, Petri
name: García, José J.
name: Korhonen, Rami K.
name: Mononen, Mika E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: We developed a novel knee joint model in FEBio to simulate walking. Knee cartilage was modeled using a fibril-reinforced biphasic (FRB) formulation with depth-wise collagen architecture and split-lines to account for cartilage structure. Under axial compression, the knee model with FRB cartilage yielded contact pressures, similar to reported experimental data. Furthermore, gait analysis with FRB cartilage simulated spatial and temporal trends in cartilage fluid pressures, stresses, and strains, comparable to those of a fibril-reinforced poroviscoelastic (FRPVE) material in Abaqus. This knee joint model in FEBio could be used for further studies of knee disorders using physiologically relevant loading.
Additional file 1 of Treatment of established status epilepticus in the elderly - a study protocol for a prospective multicenter double-blind comparative effectiveness trial (ToSEE)
Creators: name: Müller, Annekatrin
name: Schmiedeknecht, Anett
name: Mende, Meinhard
name: Awissus, Carolin
name: Rosenow, Felix
name: Hamer, Hajo
name: Classen, Joseph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. Trial protocol Treatment of Established Status Epilepticus in the Elderly – a prospective, randomized, double-blind comparative effectiveness trial ToSEE, Date: 2020-05-18, Version: final 4.0.
Cylindrical Algebraic Sub-Decompositions
Creators: name: Wilson, D. J.
name: Bradford, R. J.
name: Davenport, J. H.
name: England, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: I.1.2
subject: 68W30

description: Cylindrical algebraic decompositions (CADs) are a key tool in real algebraic geometry, used primarily for eliminating quantifiers over the reals and studying semi-algebraic sets. In this paper we introduce cylindrical algebraic sub-decompositions (sub-CADs), which are subsets of CADs containing all the information needed to specify a solution for a given problem. We define two new types of sub-CAD: variety sub-CADs which are those cells in a CAD lying on a designated variety; and layered sub-CADs which have only those cells of dimension higher than a specified value. We present algorithms to produce these and describe how the two approaches may be combined with each other and the recent theory of truth-table invariant CAD. We give a complexity analysis showing that these techniques can offer substantial theoretical savings, which is supported by experimentation using an implementation in Maple.
description: 26 pages
title: Passio apostolorum Petri et Pauli; [1000-1099]
title: (Fragment)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Entstehungsort: Unbekannt. - Entstehungszeit: 11. Jahrhundert
Bandstructure and mobility variations in p-type Silicon nanowires under electrostatic gate field
Creators: name: Neophytou, Neophytos
name: Baumgartner, Oskar
name: Stanojevic, Zlatan
name: Kosina, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sp3d5s*-spin-orbit-coupled atomistic tight-binding (TB) model is used for the electronic structure calculation of Si nanowires (NWs), self consistently coupled to a 2D Poisson equation, solved in the cross section of the NW. Upon convergence, the linearized Boltzmann transport theory is employed for the mobility calculation, including carrier scattering by phonons and surface roughness. As the channel is driven into inversion, for [111] and [110] NW devices of diameters D>10nm the curvature of the bandstructure increases and the hole effective mass becomes lighter, resulting in a approx. 50% mobility increase. Such improvement is large enough to compensate for the detrimental effect of surface roughness scattering. The effect is very similar to the bandstructure variations and mobility improvement observed under geometric confinement, however, in this case confinement is caused by electrostatic gating. We provide explanations for this behavior based on features of the heavy-hole band. This effect could be exploited in the design of p-type NW devices. We note, finally, that the 'apparent' mobility of low dimensional short channel transistors is always lower than the intrinsic channel diffusive mobility due to the detrimental influence of the so called 'ballistic' mobility.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures Solid-State Electronics, 2013
How international scholarship recipients perceive their contributions to the development of their home countries: Findings from a Comparative Study of Georgia and Moldova
Creators: name: Campbell, Anne
Publisher: name: Middlebury
Year: 2022
Subjects: Economics of education

description: International scholarships support higher education abroad, often with the expectation that recipients will ultimately â€œgive backâ€ to their home countries. Little is known about how scholarship alumni from low- and middle-income countries view their contributions and whether activities differ between countries. By comparing Georgia and Moldova, this research indicates that employment is the central way that alumni perceive that they â€œgive back,â€ with government positions deemed most influential. In Georgia, alumni assumed federal posts, whereas in Moldova, alumni sought positions in international organizations and businesses, resulting in differing contributions to national development. Findings aim to inform sponsored student mobility programs promoting socioeconomic development in participantsâ€™ countries.
Additional file 1 of Reconstructing the early global dynamics of under-ascertained COVID-19 cases and infections
Creators: name: Russell, Timothy W.
name: Golding, Nick
name: Hellewell, Joel
name: Abbott, Sam
name: Wright, Lawrence
name: Pearson, Carl A. B.
name: Zandvoort, Kevin Van
name: Jarvis, Christopher I.
name: Gibbs, Hamish
name: Liu, Yang
name: Eggo, Rosalind M.
name: Edmunds, W. John
name: Kucharski, Adam J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1 : Supplementary Appendix 1–4. Figure S1: Figure S1. Temporal variation in under-reporting for all countries with greater than 10 deaths for more than 50 days. Figure S2: Temporal variation in testing effort for all countries there was data for in the Our World In Data database [18]. Figure S3. the relationship between case ascertainment and testing effort. We define testing effort as the 7-day moving average of the number of new tests per new case each day. We plot the under-ascertainment estimates along with the testing effort estimates for all countries we have both data for. We then fit, using a loess curve to highlight the positive but weak relationship (, where is Kendall’s rank coefficient). Figure S4. Temporal variation in under-ascertainment and testing effort for the nine countries with the maximum total cases that we have reliable testing effort estimates for. This figure differs from Fig. 1 as the results are computed using the indirectly age-adjusted baseline CFR for each country. Figure S5. Confirmed case curves adjusted for temporal under-ascertainment adjusted indirectly for age. The results are similar to those in Fig. 2 but have been computed using an indirectly age-adjusted baseline CFR for each country. Figure S6. Estimated infection prevalence curves compared with observed seroprevalence data. The results are similar to those in Fig. 3 but have been computed using an indirectly age-adjusted baseline CFR for each country. Figure S7. Temporal variation in under-reporting for all countries with greater than 10 deaths for more than 50 days. The results are similar to those in Figure S1 but have been computed using an indirectly age-adjusted baseline CFR for each country. Table S1. A summary of the country-level serological studies we used for comparison against our model estimates. Table S2. A summary of the city-level or regional-level serological studies we used for comparison against our model estimates. Table S3. A summary of the parameters, distributions and output quantities either as inputs or outputs of our under-ascertainment model.
Asymptotic expansion of the invariant measurefor Markov-modulated ODEs at high frequency
Creators: name: Monmarché, Pierre
name: Strickler, Edouard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider time-inhomogeneous ODEs whose parameters are governed by an underlying ergodic Markov process. When this underlying process is accelerated by a factor $\varepsilon^{-1}$, an averaging phenomenon occurs and the solution of the ODE converges to a deterministic ODE as $\varepsilon$ vanishes. We are interested in cases where this averaged flow is globally attracted to a point. In that case, the equilibrium distribution of the solution of the ODE converges to a Dirac mass at this point. We prove an asymptotic expansion in terms of $\varepsilon$ for this convergence, with a somewhat explicit formula for the first order term. The results are applied in three contexts: linear Markov-modulated ODEs, randomized splitting schemes, and Lotka-Volterra models in random environment. In particular, as a corollary, we prove the existence of two matrices whose convex combinations are all stable but such that, for a suitable jump rate, the top Lyapunov exponent of a Markov-modulated linear ODE switching between these two matrices is positive.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures
Exploring the attributes and practices of alumni associations that advance social change
Creators: name: Campbell, Anne
name: Baxter, Aryn R.
Publisher: name: Middlebury
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sociology of education

description: Through a multi-case study, this research explores how three higher education alumni associations organize to influence social change in Georgia, Ghana, and Mongolia. All organizations started as international scholarship program alumni associations, yet findings show they developed into social change organizations over time. In the absence of extensive financial support, these associations sustained their network based on close personal relationships among members. Targeted social issues varied by country, as did relationships with the scholarship funder. Results aim to inform those who consider how international higher education contributes to social change in low- and middle-income countries, especially through alumni networks.
Reliability characterization of MRI measurements for analyses of brain networks on a single human [Registered Report Stage 1 manuscript]
Creators: name: Provins, Céline
name: Lajous, Hélène
name: Savary, Elodie
name: Fornari, Eleonora
name: Franceschiello, Benedetta
name: Alemán-Gómez, Yasser
name: Thompson, William H.
name: Jelescu, Ileana
name: Hagmann, Patric
name: Esteban, Oscar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Neuroscience

description: Network-based approaches are widely adopted to model functional and structural ‘connectivity’ of the living brain, extracted noninvasively with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, these analyses —on functional and structural networks— render unreliable at the finer temporal, spatial, and brain-parcellation scales. Consequently, the clinical translation of these analyses has yet to materialize meaningfully, and interpretation of the skyrocketing production of scientific literature requires caution. We will characterize relevant sources of variability and assess the reliability of structural and functional networks extracted from MRI with the repeated acquisition of a single, healthy individual, whom we regard as the ‘Human Connectome Phantom’. Two comprehensive MRI protocols will be executed across three different devices (48, 12, and 12 sessions, respectively) while recording a wealth of physiological signals to help model corresponding spurious effects on brain networks. To maximize reuse, e.g., as a benchmark reference, a baseline for machine learning models, or a source of prior knowledge, we will openly share all data and their derivatives. By systematically assessing spurious sources of variability throughout the neuroimaging workflow, we will deliver reliability margins of brain networks that inform future research and contribute to the standardization of ‘connectivity measurement’.
Monte Carlo simulation with aspect ratio optimization: Anomalous anisotropic scaling in dimerized antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Yasuda, Shinya
name: Todo, Synge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method that optimizes the aspect ratio of a spatially anisotropic quantum lattice model during the quantum Monte Carlo simulation, and realizes the virtually isotropic lattice automatically. The anisotropy is removed by using the Robbins-Monro algorithm based on the correlation length in each direction. The method allows for comparing directly the value of critical amplitude among different anisotropic models, and identifying the universality more precisely. We apply our method to the staggered dimer antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model and demonstrate that the apparent non-universal behavior is attributed mainly to the strong size correction of the effective aspect ratio due to the existence of the cubic interaction.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
A community of practice for social justice: Examining the case of an international scholarship alumni association in Ghana
Creators: name: Campbell, Anne
name: Lavallee, Chelsea A.
Publisher: name: Middlebury
Year: 2022
Subjects: History and philosophy of education
Sociology of education
International relations

description: International student mobility outcomes can lead to social change in the studentsâ€™ home countries. This paper examines the case of the Ford Foundationâ€™s International Fellows Program alumni association in Ghana and how it has organized to affect change. Findings show that this association has assimilated many of the attributes of Wengerâ€™s (1998) community of practice model (CoP). These characteristics include building strong communication systems, learning together in workshops, and solving problems through regular communication: activities that have improved their â€œpracticeâ€ of social justice advocacy. The study also challenges the CoP model in three key ways relevant to international higher education, including highlighting how graduates incorporate their overseas education in their social justice practice and the limitations of diaspora engagement. Findings aim to inform administrators and participants of international higher education schemes, with a particular focus on international scholarship programs and those seeking to promote social justice.
Additional file 1 of Impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on bariatric care in Poland: results of national survey
Creators: name: Major, Piotr
name: Stefura, Tomasz
name: Michał Wysocki
name: Małczak, Piotr
name: Rzepa, Anna
name: Proczko-Stepaniak, Monika
name: Szeliga, Jacek
name: Michał Pędziwiatr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Survey.
Hard Lefschetz property for $\mathbb{S}^3$-actions
Creators: name: Prieto, JosÉ Ignacio Royo
name: Saralegi-Aranguren, Martintxo
name: Wolak, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25 (Primary), 37C85, 58D19 (secondary)

description: The Hard Lefschetz Property (HLP) has recently been formulated in the context of isometric flows without singularities on manifolds. In this category, two versions of the HLP (transverse and not) have been proven to be equivalent, thus generalizing what happens in the important cases of both K-contact and Sasakian manifolds. In this work we define both versions of the HLP for almost-free S3 -actions, and prove that they agree for actions satisfying a cohomological condition, which includes the important category of 3-Sasakian manifolds, where those two versions of the HLP are shown to be held. We also provide a family of examples of free actions of the 3-sphere which are not 3-Sasakian manifolds, but satisfy the HLP.
description: 8 pages
Smith-Gysin Sequence
Creators: name: Prieto, J. I. Royo
name: Aranguren, M. Saralegi
name: Wolak, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58D05 (Primary) 14F05, 55N10 (Secondary)

description: Starting with a manifold $M$ and a semi-free action of $S^3$ on it, we have the Smith-Gysin sequence: $$ \cdots \to H^{*}( M) \to
 H^{*-3}(M/S^3, M^{S^3}) \oplus H^{*} (M^{S^3}) \to H^{*+1}(M/S^3, M^{S^3}) \to
 H^{*+1}(M) \to \cdots $$ In this paper, we construct a Smith-Gysin sequence that does not require the semi-free condition. This sequence includes a new term, referred to as the "exotic term," which depends on the subset $M^{S^1}$: $$ \cdots \to H^{*}(M) \to H^{*-3} (M/S^3, Σ/S^3) \oplus H^{*}(M^{S^3}) \oplus \left( H^{*-2}(M^{S^1})\right)^{-\mathbb{Z}_2} \to H^{*+1}(M/S^3,M^{S^3}) \to H^{*+1}(M) \to \cdots $$
 Here, $Σ\subset M$ is the subset of points in $M$ whose isotropy groups are infinite. The group $\mathbb{Z}_2$ acts on $M^{S^1}$ by $j \in S^3$.
description: We have changed the abstrast, which was unreadable
Frontal Sinus Mucocele with Intracranial Extension Causing Frontal Lobe Syndrome.
Creators: name: Weidmayer, SL
Publisher: name: Wolters Kluwer
Year: 2015
Subjects: Aged
Brain Diseases
Endoscopy
Frontal Lobe
Frontal Sinus
Humans
Male
Mucocele
Paranasal Sinus Diseases
Tomography, X-Ray Computed

description: Purpose. Mucoceles are mucus-containing cysts that form in paranasal sinuses; although mucoceles themselves are benign, this case report highlights the extensive damage they can cause as their expansion may lead to bony erosion and extension of the mucocele into the orbit and cranium; it also presents a rarely reported instance of frontal sinus mucocele leading to frontal lobe syndrome. A thorough discussion and review of mucoceles is included. Case Report. A 68-year-old white man presented with intermittent diplopia and a pressure sensation in the right eye. He had a history of chronic sinusitis and had had endoscopic sinus surgery 5 years prior. A maxillofacial computed tomography scan revealed a large right frontal sinus mucocele, which had caused erosion along the medial wall of the right orbit and the outer and inner tables of the right frontal sinus. The mucocele had protruded both into the right orbit and intracranially, causing mass effect on the frontal lobe, which led to frontal lobe syndrome. The patient was successfully treated with endoscopic right ethmoidectomy, radial frontal sinusotomy, marsupialization of the mucocele, and transcutaneous irrigation. Conclusions. Paranasal sinus mucoceles may expand and lead to bony erosion and can become very invasive in surrounding structures such as the orbit and cranium. This case not only exhibits a very rare presentation of frontal sinus mucocele with intracranial extension and frontal lobe mass effect causing a frontal lobe syndrome but also demonstrates many of the ocular and visual complications commonly associated with paranasal sinus mucoceles. Early identification and surgical intervention is vital for preventing and reducing morbidity associated with invasive mucoceles, and the patient must be followed regularly to monitor for recurrence.
Large-deviation statistics of a diffusive quantum spin chain and the additivity principle
Creators: name: Znidaric, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the large-deviation formalism, we study the statistics of current fluctuations in a diffusive nonequilibrium quantum spin chain. The boundary-driven XX chain with dephasing consists of a coherent bulk hopping and a local dissipative dephasing. We analytically calculate the exact expression for the second current moment in a system of any length and then numerically demonstrate that in the thermodynamic limit higher-order cumulants and the large-deviation function can be calculated using the additivity principle or macroscopic hydrodynamic theory. This shows that the additivity principle can also hold in systems that are not purely stochastic, and can in particular be valid in quantum systems. We also show that in large systems the current fluctuations are the same as in the classical symmetric simple exclusion process.
description: 11 pages
[Briefe]; [1491-1494/96]
Creators: name: Celtis, Konrad
name: Tucher, Sixt
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Entstehungsort: Ingolstadt, Regensburg u.a. - Entstehungszeit: 1491-1494/96
Unimodular rows over affine algebras over algebraic closure of a finite field
Creators: name: Sharma, Sampat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13C10

description: In this article, we prove that if $R$ is an affine algebra of dimension $d\geq 4$ over $\overline{\mathbb{F}}_{p}$ and $1/(d-1)! \in R,$ then any unimodular row over $R$ of length $d$ can be mapped to a factorial row by elementary transformations.
Additional file 2 of Treatment of established status epilepticus in the elderly - a study protocol for a prospective multicenter double-blind comparative effectiveness trial (ToSEE)
Creators: name: Müller, Annekatrin
name: Schmiedeknecht, Anett
name: Mende, Meinhard
name: Awissus, Carolin
name: Rosenow, Felix
name: Hamer, Hajo
name: Classen, Joseph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 2. SPIRIT Checklist: Treatment of Established Status Epilepticus in the Eldery – a prospective multicentre double-blind comparative effectiveness trial (ToSEE, EudraCT-No.: 2018–003917-16).
University teaching and citizenship education as sustainable development in Ghana and Nigeria: Insight from International Scholarship Program Alumni
Creators: name: Campbell, Anne
name: Kelly-Weber, Erin
name: Lavallee, Chelsea A.
Publisher: name: Middlebury
Year: 2022
Subjects: Education policy
Sociology of education
Higher education
International relations

description: The Sustainable Development Goals call for a â€œsubstantial increaseâ€ of international scholarships. However, the links between international student mobility and sustainable development remain unclear. By examining the perceived outcomes of a closed higher education scholarship program, this study explores the ways that alumni perceive their contributions to the development of their home countries of Ghana and Nigeria. Findings indicate that scholarship alumni from Ghana and Nigeria value and advocate for education as a mechanism for social change and view both formal and informal education as significant mechanisms for development. Specifically, Ghanaian and Nigerian alumni noted two discrete ways that education leads to social change: (1) university teaching and (2) citizenship, voter, and human rights education. This research aims to contribute to literature about the influence of scholarship program alumni on their home countries and to contribute to understanding of international higher educationâ€™s role in the sustainable development agenda.
Scalar bosons in Bonnor-Melvin-$Λ$ universe: Exact solution, Landau levels and Coulomb-like potential
Creators: name: Barbosa, L. G.
name: Barros, C. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study spin-0 particles in a spacetime whose structure is determined by a homogeneous magnetic field and a cosmological constant. For this purpose, we take into account a framework based on the Bonnor-Melvin solution with the inclusion of the cosmological constant. We write the Klein-Gordon equation, solve it, and determine the Landau levels. The effects of scalar and vector potentials are considered, and we investigate the influence of the parameters of the theory on the results, which present observable effects. The implications of the physics of a stellar model based on this framework are also discussed.
Scaling limit of multi-type invariant measures via the directed landscape
Creators: name: Busani, Ofer
name: Seppäläinen, Timo
name: Sorensen, Evan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper studies the large scale limits of multi-type invariant distributions and Busemann functions of planar stochastic growth models in the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) class. We identify a set of sufficient hypotheses for convergence of multi-type invariant measures of last-passage percolation (LPP) models to the stationary horizon (SH), which is the unique multi-type stationary measure of the KPZ fixed point. Our limit theorem utilizes conditions that are expected to hold broadly in the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang class, including convergence of the scaled last-passage process to the directed landscape. We verify these conditions for the six exactly solvable models whose scaled bulk versions converge to the directed landscape, as shown by Dauvergne and Virág. We also present a second, more general, convergence theorem with potential future applications to polymer models and particle systems. Our paper is the first to show convergence to the SH without relying on information about the structure of the multi-type invariant measures of the prelimit models. These results are consistent with the conjecture that the SH is the universal scaling limit of multi-type invariant measures in the KPZ class.
description: Final version. To appear in Int. Math. Res. Not. IMRN
Spontaneous Stochasticity and Anomalous Dissipation for Burgers Equation
Creators: name: Eyink, Gregory L.
name: Drivas, Theodore D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop a Lagrangian approach to conservation-law anomalies in weak solutions of inviscid Burgers equation, motivated by previous work on the Kraichnan model of turbulent scalar advection. We show that the entropy solutions of Burgers possess Markov stochastic processes of (generalized) Lagrangian trajectories backward in time for which the Burgers velocity is a backward martingale. This property is shown to guarantee dissipativity of conservation-law anomalies for general convex functions of the velocity. The backward stochastic Burgers flows with these properties are not unique, however. We construct infinitely many such stochastic flows, both by a geometric construction and by the zero-noise limit of the Constantin-Iyer stochastic representation of viscous Burgers solutions. The latter proof yields the spontaneous stochasticity of Lagrangian trajectories backward in time for Burgers, at unit Prandtl number. It is conjectured that existence of a backward stochastic flow with the velocity as martingale is an admissibility condition which selects the unique entropy solution for Burgers. We also study linear transport of passive densities and scalars by inviscid Burgers flows. We show that shock solutions of Burgers exhibit spontaneous stochasticity backward in time for all Prandtl numbers, implying conservation-law anomalies for linear transport. We discuss the relation of our results for Burgers with incompressible Navier-Stokes turbulence, especially Lagrangian admissibility conditions for Euler solutions and the relation between turbulent cascade directions and time-asymmetry of Lagrangian stochasticity.
description: minor revisions, paper will appear in JSP
Evidence for skyrmions in the high-temperature superconductors
Creators: name: Vargas-Paredes, Alfredo A.
name: Cariglia, Marco
name: Doria, Mauro M.
name: Rodrigues, Edinardo I. B.
name: Romaguera, A. R. de C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We claim that the charge density wave recently found by resonant soft x-ray scattering in layered copper oxides is the tetragonal symmetry defined by the distance between neighbor Cu$^{3+}$ ions in the CuO$_2$ layer that determines the critical temperature. We find evidence that this tetragonal symmetry is a skyrmionic state, which is responsible for an unusual magnetic order and charge flow in the layers that leads to the breaking of the time reversal symmetry below the pseudogap line. The core of the skyrmions form pockets of local magnetic field piercing the superconducting layers in opposite direction to the rest of the unit cell.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
A Structurally Flexible Halide Solid Electrolyte with High Ionic Conductivity and Air Processability
Creators: name: Karkera, Guruprakash
name: Soans, Mervyn
name: Akbaş, Ayça
name: Witter, Raiker
name: Euchner, Holger
name: Diemant, Thomas
name: Cambaz, Musa Ali
name: Meng, Zhen
name: Dasari, Bosubabu
name: Chandrappa, Shivaraju Guddehalli
name: Menezes, Prashanth W.
name: Fichtner, Maximilian
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: all solid‐state batteries
subject: cesium tin chloride
subject: chloride‐ion conduction
subject: halide solid electrolytes
subject: ion transport in halide perovskites
subject: solid‐state 35Cl NMR

description: In this work, a structurally revivable, chloride‐ion conducting solid electrolyte (SE), CsSn0.9In0.067Cl3, with a high ionic conductivity of 3.45 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 25 °C is investigated. The impedance spectroscopy, density functional theory, solid‐state 35Cl NMR, and electron paramagnetic resonance studies collectively reveal that the high Cl− ionic mobility originates in the flexibility of the structural building blocks, Sn/InCl6 octahedra. The vacancy‐dominated Cl− ion diffusion encompasses co‐ordinated Sn/In(Cl) site displacements that depend on the exact stoichiometry, and are accompanied by changes in the local magnetic moments. Owing to these promising properties, the suitability of the CsSn0.9In0.067Cl3, as an electrolyte is demonstrated by designing all‐solid‐state batteries, with different anodes and cathodes. The comparative investigation of interphases with Li, Li–In, Mg, and Ca anodes reveals different levels of reactivity and interphase formation. The CsSn0.9In0.067Cl3 demonstrates an excellent humidity tolerance (up to 50% relative humidity) in ambient air, maintaining high structural integrity without compromises in ionic conductivity, which stands in contrast to commercial halide‐based lithium conductors. The discovery of a halide perovskite conductor, with air processability and structure revival ability paves the way for the development of advanced air processable SEs, for next‐generation batteries.