cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Relatedness, complexity and local growth
Creators: name: Davies, Benjamin
name: Maré, David C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: We derive a measure of the relatedness between economic activities based on weighted correlations of local employment shares. Our approach recognizes variation in the extent of local specialization and adjusts for differences in data quality between cities. We use our measure to estimate activity and city complexity, and examine the contribution of relatedness and complexity to urban employment growth in New Zealand. Relatedness and complexity are complementary in promoting employment growth in New Zealand’s largest cities, but do not contribute to employment growth in its smaller cities.
Privatization, power and place: the distributive politics of asylum dispersal in England
Creators: name: Alonso, José M.
name: Andrews, Rhys
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The paper argues that governing parties can use privatization as a political discipline mechanism to reward core constituents and swing voters by diverting unwanted social and economic costs to other places. This is tested by analysing the dispersal of asylum seekers across English local authorities before and after the Conservative Party-led privatization of the dispersal system in 2011. The findings suggest that asylum dispersals to Labour Party ‘core’ constituencies increased following privatization, but that dispersals to ‘swing’ districts were unchanged. Dispersals to places with high institutional capacity decreased, despite contractors being expected to settle asylum seekers in such areas.
Inter- and intra-city networks: how networks are shaping China’s film industry
Creators: name: Wen, Hu
name: Qiangguo Zhang
name: Shengjun Zhu
name: Yongyuan Huang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: While existing studies have mapped out various networks with some visualization techniques, we move one step forward by examining if city/firm performance is dependent not only on intra-city networks, as proposed by the clustering literature, but also on inter-city networks, the core concept in the world city network literature. Our second contribution is to investigate the complementarity between inter- and intra-city networks, and how it could affect the performance of firms and cities. In doing so, we provide some preliminary evidence that studies on clustering and the world city network could benefit from having more dialogues with each other.
Caranx crysos
Creators: name: Edwards, A. J.
name: Gill, A. C.
name: Abohweyere, P. O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Carangidae
Caranx
Caranx crysos

description: Caranx crysos (Mitchill, 1815)
 Reference material. Accra, March 1930 (Irvine 95); mouth of Ancobra River, January 1939 (Akpabla A 16)— BMNH 1939.7.12.14 (one: 134 mm FL).
 Distribution. Coast of West Africa from Senegal to Angola. Also found in the Mediterranean and western Atlantic (Quéro et al., 1990).
description: Published as part of Edwards, A. J., Gill, A. C. & Abohweyere, P. O., 2003, A revision of F. R. Irvine's Ghanaian marine fishes in the collections of The Natural History Museum, London, pp. 2213-2267 in Journal of Natural History 37 (18) on page 2238, DOI: 10.1080/00222930210138359, http://zenodo.org/record/5263410
Orphaned Exomoons: Tidal Detachment and Evaporation Following an Exoplanet-Star Collision
Creators: name: Martinez, Miguel
name: Stone, Nicholas C.
name: Metzger, Brian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational perturbations on an exoplanet from a massive outer body, such as the Kozai-Lidov mechanism, can pump the exoplanet's eccentricity up to values that will destroy it via a collision or strong interaction with its parent star. During the final stages of this process, any exomoons orbiting the exoplanet will be detached by the star's tidal force and placed into orbit around the star. Using ensembles of three and four-body simulations, we demonstrate that while most of these detached bodies either collide with their star or are ejected from the system, a substantial fraction, ~10%, of such "orphaned" exomoons (with initial properties similar to those of the Galilean satellites in our own solar system) will outlive their parent exoplanet. The detached exomoons generally orbit inside the ice line, so that strong radiative heating will evaporate any volatile-rich layers, producing a strong outgassing of gas and dust, analogous to a comet's perihelion passage. Small dust grains ejected from the exomoon may help generate an opaque cloud surrounding the orbiting body but are quickly removed by radiation blow-out. By contrast, larger solid particles inherit the orbital properties of the parent exomoon, feeding an eccentric disk of solids that drains more gradually onto the star via Poynting-Robertson drag, and which could result in longer-timescale dimming of the star. For characteristic exomoon evaporation times of ~ 1e5-1e6 yr, attenuation of the stellar light arising from one or more out-gassing exomoons provides a promising explanation for both the dipping and secular dimming behavior observed from KIC 8462852 (Boyajian's Star).
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Baryogenesis in theories with large extra spatial dimensions
Creators: name: Allahverdi, Rouzbeh
name: Enqvist, Kari
name: Mazumdar, Anupam
name: Pérez-Lorenzana, Abdel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a simple and predictive scenario for baryogenesis in theories with large extra dimensions which resembles Affleck-Dine baryogenesis. The Affleck-Dine field is a complex scalar field carrying a $U(1)_χ$ charge which is dynamically broken after the end of inflation. This generates an excess of $χ$ over $\bar χ$, which then decays into Standard Model fermions to produce an excess of baryons over anti-baryons. Our model is very constrained because the Affleck-Dine field has to be sufficiently flat during inflation. It is also a source for density fluctuations which can be tested in the coming satellite and balloon experiments.
description: LaTeX file, 24 pages, no figures
Exchange-correlation magnetic fields in spin-density-functional theory
Creators: name: Pluhar, Edward A.
name: Ullrich, Carsten A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In spin-density-functional theory for noncollinear magnetic materials, the Kohn-Sham system features exchange-correlation (xc) scalar potentials and magnetic fields. The significance of the xc magnetic fields is not very well explored; in particular, they can give rise to local torques on the magnetization, which are absent in standard local and semilocal approximations. We obtain exact benchmark solutions for two electrons on four-site extended Hubbard lattices over a wide range of interaction strengths, and compare exact xc potentials and magnetic fields with approximations obtained from orbital-dependent xc functionals. The xc magnetic fields turn out to play an increasingly important role as systems becomes more and more correlated and the electrons begin to localize; the effects of the xc torques, however, remain relatively minor. The approximate xc functionals perform overall quite well, but tend to favor symmetry-broken solutions for strong interactions.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures
Remarks on the f_0(400-1200) scalar meson as the dynamically generated chiral partner of the pion
Creators: name: van Beveren, Eef
name: Kleefeld, Frieder
name: Rupp, George
name: Scadron, Michael D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quark-level linear sigma model is revisited, in particular concerning the identification of the f_0(400-1200) (or σ(600)) scalar meson as the chiral partner of the pion. We demonstrate the predictive power of the linear sigma model through the pi-pi and pi-N s-wave scattering lengths, as well as several electromagnetic, weak, and strong decays of pseudoscalar and vector mesons. The ease with which the data for these observables are reproduced in the linear sigma model lends credit to the necessity to include the sigma as a fundamental q\bar{q} degree of freedom, to be contrasted with approaches like chiral perturbation theory or the confining NJL model of Shakin and Wang.
description: 15 pages, plain LaTeX, 3 EPS figures
The Role of Livestock In the Ethiopian Economy: Policy Analysis Using A Dynamic Computable General Equilibrium Model for Ethiopia
Creators: name: Gelan, Ayele
name: Engida, Ermias
name: Caria, A. Stefano
name: Karugia, Joseph Thuo
name: Gelan, Ayele
name: Engida, Ermias
name: Caria, A. Stefano
name: Karugia, Joseph Thuo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
Livestock Production/Industries
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Researchers and policymakers increasingly recognize that the livestock sector supports the livelihoods of a large proportion of rural households in most African countries and may have an important role to play in rural poverty reduction strategies. In order to develop this insight, economywide models should capture both the biological, dynamic relationships between the stocks and flows of livestock and the economic linkages between the sector and the rest of the economy. We extend an existing dynamic recursive general equilibrium model for the Ethiopian economy which better models the livestock sector. A separate herd dynamics module enables us to specify stock-flow relationship, distinguishing between the capital role of livestock and the flow of livestock products. We also improve the underlying system of economic accounts, to better capture draft power and breeding stocks. We use this model to simulate separate, realistic Total Factor Productivity (TFP) shocks to three agricultural subsectors—cereals, cash crops, and livestock—and compare them with a baseline scenario replicating the 1998 to 2007 productivity trends, following Dorosh and Thurlow (2009) who have examined CAADP productivity scenarios. The results we obtain reveal the important role of the livestock sector in increasing various measures of GDP and combating food insecurity. Agricultural GDP and overall GDP growth levels achieved in the livestock TFP shock scenario are very similar to those achieved in the cereal TFP shock scenario, unlike what previously thought. Importantly, as factors are dynamically re-allocated between agricultural activities, our analysis highlights the inefficiency of strategies focusing on cereal sector development alone. Moreover, livestock sector productivity growth leads to greater factor income growth, particularly labor income, than in the other simulations. Labor is the predominant asset of poor households and hence large income gains and food consumption growth are realized under the livestock-led scenario.
Stromateus fiatola Linnaeus 1758
Creators: name: Edwards, A. J.
name: Gill, A. C.
name: Abohweyere, P. O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Stromateidae
Stromateus
Stromateus fiatola

description: Stromateus fiatola Linnaeus, 1758
 Reference material. Accra, May 1938 (Irvine 78)— BMNH 1930.8.26.68 (one: 281 mm SL).
 Distribution. Mediterranean and eastern Atlantic from Morocco to South Africa (Quéro et al., 1990).
On average about 400 tonnes of this species are caught in the region each year (FAO, 2000), making it a significant fishery species.
description: Published as part of Edwards, A. J., Gill, A. C. & Abohweyere, P. O., 2003, A revision of F. R. Irvine's Ghanaian marine fishes in the collections of The Natural History Museum, London, pp. 2213-2267 in Journal of Natural History 37 (18) on page 2255, DOI: 10.1080/00222930210138359, http://zenodo.org/record/5263410
Optical Photometry of GRB 021004: The First Month
Creators: name: Holland, Stephen T.
name: Weidinger, Michael
name: Fynbo, Johan P. U.
name: Gorosabel, Javier
name: Hjorth, Jens
name: Pedersen, Kristian
name: Alvarez, Javier Mendez
name: Augusteijn, Thomas
name: Cerón, J. M. Castro
name: Castro-Tirado, Alberto
name: Dahle, Haakon
name: Egholm, M. P.
name: Jakobsson, Pall
name: Jensen, Brian L.
name: Levan, Andrew
name: Moller, Palle
name: Pedersen, Holger
name: Pursimo, Tapio
name: Ruiz-Lapuente, Pilar
name: Thomsen, Bjarne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present U,B,V,R_C,and I_C photometry of the optical afterglow of the gamma-ray burst GRB 021004 taken at the Nordic Optical Telescope between approximately eight hours and 30 days after the burst. This data is combined with an analysis of the 87 ksec Chandra X-ray observations of GRB 021004 taken at a mean epoch of 33 hours after the burst to investigate the nature of this GRB. We find an intrinsic spectral slope at optical wavelengths of beta_UH = 0.39 +/- 0.12 and an X-ray slope of beta_X = 0.94 +/- 0.03. There is no evidence for colour evolution between 8.5 hours and 5.5 days after the burst. The optical decay becomes steeper approximately five days after the burst. This appears to be a gradual break due to the onset of sideways expansion in a collimated outflow. Our data suggest that the extra-galactic extinction along the line of sight to the burst is between A_V = 0.3 and A_V = 0.5 and has an extinction law similar to that of the Small Magellanic Cloud. The optical and X-ray data are consistent with a relativistic fireball with the shocked electrons being in the slow cooling regime and having an electron index of p = 1.9 +/- 0.1. The burst occurred in an ambient medium that is homogeneous on scales larger than approximately 10e18 cm but inhomogeneous on smaller scales. The mean particle density is similar to what is seen for other bursts (0.1 < n < 100 cm^{-3}). Our results support the idea that the brightening seen approximately 0.1 days was due to interaction with a clumpy ambient medium within 10^{17} and 10^{18} cm of the progenitor. The agreement between the predicted optical decay and that observed approximately ten minutes after the burst suggests that the physical mechanism controlling the observed flux approximately ten minutes is the same as the one operating at t > 0.5 days.
description: 21 pages with five figures. Uses AASTEX 5.02. To appear in AJ. Minor typographical and grammatical corrections
Additional file 1 of Intraindividual crossover comparison of gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced and gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI for characterizing focal liver lesions
Creators: name: Tang, Wenjie
name: Xiao, Yuanqiang
name: Kuang, Sichi
name: Rong, Dailin
name: He, Bingjun
name: Grazioli, Luigi
name: Hussain, Shahid M.
name: Wang, Jin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Lesions undetected by Readers 1, 2, and 3. Supplemental Table 2. Number and type of misdiagnosis for the most represented FLLs.
Agricultural R&D investment, poverty and economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa: Prospects and needs to 205
Creators: name: Nin Pratt, Alejandro
name: Nin Pratt, Alejandro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: International Development
subject: agriculture
subject: growth
subject: optimization
subject: poverty
subject: R&D investment

description: This paper looks at past trends of agricultural R&D allocation in developing countries, projects future performance of agriculture in these regions based in past investment and determines the optimal allocation of R&D investment across regions to maximize global welfare using a dynamic linear programming model of global agriculture. Results suggest that present allocation of agricultural R&D in SSA is highly inefficient and substantial gains could be obtained by increasing investment in East Africa in the next twenty years. At the global level, differences between efficient and present investment allocation are smaller than those observed within SSA due to the importance of China as an innovator in agriculture.
Everything Must Change with Character-Based Animation Systems to Meet Tomorrows Needs
Creators: name: Kenwright
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 80602 Computer-Human Interaction
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 80103 Computer Graphics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computer Software
subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 190202 Computer Gaming and Animation
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Character-animation is a very broad and heterogeneous form with applications in education, entertainment, medical and military contexts, not forgetting, the newest and most innovative fields of immersive technologies, like augmented and virtual reality. The diversity and complexity of the subject, often make it difficult to identify differences, advancements and challenges, such as, autonomy, creative freedom, control, computational cost, and so on. However, one thing to note, due to the interdisciplinary importance of character animation (in robotics, medical analysis and video games) there has been a large amount of synergistic research which as led to interesting and imaginative new animation techniques. We review and discus existing, current and future trends in character-based animation systems (specifically in the area of intelligent and physics-based approaches). We categorize and examine the different algorithms (such as data-driven and controllerbased models) while comparing the advantages and disadvantages in various contexts (like video games and virtual environments). For example, autonomous self-driven solutions (may employ techniques like neural networks, genetic algorithms and mechanistic models) that are able to automatically adapt and generate movements based upon past experiences (training data), obey constraints and allow user intervention to steer the final animation solution. We scrutinize current and future limitations around synthesizing character motions (creative freedom, realism, production costs, computational limitations and flexibility). For instance, we are currently able to simulate motions that are physically-correct through mechanical laws - yet much research and development still needs to be done on the control logic necessary to steer the motions to accomplish even the simplest tasks that we as humans can perform effortlessly (climbing, walking and jumping). Interactive animation solutions has never been so important (with a new era of digital media, like virtual and augmented reality), furthermore, it is important that these solutions are customizable, dynamic and controllable (while able to ‘adapt’ to unstable environments and overcome changing situations, like obstacle avoidance and external disturbances).
Sphyraena guachancho Cuvier 1829
Creators: name: Edwards, A. J.
name: Gill, A. C.
name: Abohweyere, P. O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Sphyraenidae
Sphyraena
Sphyraena guachancho

description: Sphyraena guachancho Cuvier, 1829
 Reference material. Accra, January 1930 (Irvine 18); Accra, September 1938 (Irvine 339); Accra, January 1938 (Irvine 395)— BMNH 2001.5.2.31 (one: 145 mm SL; in very poor condition and not determinable with certainty); Accra, January 1939 (Irvine 396)— BMNH 1939.7.12.38 (one: 293 mm SL).
 Distribution. Both sides of the tropical Atlantic. On the coast of West Africa known from Senegal to Angola (Quéro et al., 1990).
description: Published as part of Edwards, A. J., Gill, A. C. & Abohweyere, P. O., 2003, A revision of F. R. Irvine's Ghanaian marine fishes in the collections of The Natural History Museum, London, pp. 2213-2267 in Journal of Natural History 37 (18) on page 2255, DOI: 10.1080/00222930210138359, http://zenodo.org/record/5263410
Alavesia myanmarensis Jouault, Ngo-Muller, and Nel
Creators: name: Sinclair, Bradley J.
name: Grimaldi, David A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Atelestidae
Alavesia
Alavesia myanmarensis

description: Alavesia myanmarensis Jouault, Ngô-Muller, and Nel   Figures 1C, 2C, 12D
 Alavesia myanmarensis Jouault, Ngô-Muller, and Nel in Jouault et al., 2020: 205.
 Alavesia n. sp. Grimaldi et al., 2002: 59, fig. 40a, b.
 DIAGNOSIS: A short species (fig. 12D) with a short cell dm and strongly curved and divergent M 1+2. Differs from A. brevipennea by larger size (wing length: 1.1 mm vs. 0.75 mm); M 4 arched; postpedicel straplike, tapered on apical fourth, length of stylus to postpedical 0.32.
 REDESCRIPTION: Male. Coloration not preserved. Head: Scape and pedicel quadrate, subequal in size and length. Postpedicel elongate, straplike (fig. 1C), L/ W 5.5, tapered on apical fourth; stylus short, 0.32 × length of postpedicel, with two basal articles, without apical flaglike expansion. Mouthparts very short; palpus short, not projecting.
 Thorax: Chaetotaxy thickened, in numerous rows (not clearly visible): postpronotum and notopleuron damaged; 1 postalar seta; 2 pairs of scutellar setae.
 Legs: Most setae thickened. Forecoxa with short erect anterior setae; anteroapical setae longer and stouter. Forefemur with anteroventral and posteroventral row of short, slender setae. Mid and hind coxae with 2–3 stout lateral setae on apical half. Tibiae with biserial row of short, stout ventral setae; apex of tibiae with long, apical ventral seta; hind tibia with several dorsal setae, length about half width of tibia.
 Wing: Length ~ 1.1 mm (base obscured) (fig. 2C): Costa terminating slightly beyond M 1+2; Sc nearly reaching costal margin; R 1 distinctly preapically arched to costa; R 4+5 closely associated with M 1+2, divergent apically; M 1+2 strongly curved and divergent from R 4+5 distally; cell dm short, crossvein r-m nearly opposite apex of cell bm; M 4 arched to wing margin; apex of M 4 closer to CuA+CuP than M 1+2; veins at base of wing difficult to observe.
 Abdomen: Setae short, without distinct posteromarginal setae. Segments 1–5 broad. Terminalia with paired, subapical sickle-shaped projections, probably surstyli.
MATERIAL EXAMINED: Male, AMNH Bu-496 (AMNH).
REMARKS: The male terminalia of this species was described in detail by Zhang et al. (2020).
description: Published as part of Sinclair, Bradley J. & Grimaldi, David A., 2020, Cretaceous diversity of the relict genus Alavesia Waters and Arillo (Diptera: Empidoidea: Atelestidae), pp. 1-40 in American Museum Novitates 2020 (3961) on pages 28-29, DOI: 10.1206/3961.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5370399
Compressible multi-component flow in porous media with Maxwell-Stefan diffusion
Creators: name: Ostrowski, Lukas
name: Rohde, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35L65, 76N10, 76S05

description: We introduce a Darcy-scale model to describe compressible multi-component flow in a fully saturated porous medium. In order to capture cross-diffusive effects between the different species correctly, we make use of the Maxwell--Stefan theory in a thermodynamically consistent way. For inviscid flow the model turns out to be a nonlinear system of hyperbolic balance laws. We show that the dissipative structure of the Maxwell-Stefan operator permits to guarantee the existence of global classical solutions for initial data close to equilibria. Furthermore it is proven by relative entropy techniques that solutions of the Darcy-scale model tend in a certain long-time regime to solutions of a parabolic limit system.
From Plot to Plate: Linking Agricultural Productivity and Human Nutrition in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Yu, Bingxin
name: Yu, Bingxin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Bangladesh
subject: nutrition
subject: rice
subject: productivity
subject: endogeneity
subject: elasticity

description: Recent global food crisis combined with a series of natural disasters had a significant impact on the availability and affordability of food in Bangladesh, threatening to reverse the progress made in poverty reduction and hunger elimination achieved in the past decade. In this paper, we examine the direct and indirect linkages between agriculture and nutrition in Bangladeshi households, with a focus on rice. We first investigate the factors of rice productivity at plot, household, and village level by estimating an endogenous switching model of yield by season. Next we inspect the relationship between income and nutrition using a partial linear model to control for household characteristics. Finally we are able to simulate how increased rice yields and elevated rice price affect consumption decisions and nutritional status of households. Estimation results indicate that farmers’ decision to use irrigation and yield response are determined by different factors, including input intensification, land ownership, education, and access to assets and infrastructure. Household nutrition intake is influenced by household asset, household head characteristics, and consumption of own production. Simulation results suggest increasing rice yield is an effective way to improve nutrition intake in Bangladesh. Our results highlight the importance of input availability and timeliness to increase rice production and achieve self-sufficiency. Government investment in rural infrastructure and service proves to increase both food supply and nutrient intake. In the long run, food security and nutrition can only be achieved through adoption of modern technology developed by agricultural R&D and extension activities. There is no evidence of negative impact of rice price on nutrient intake, implying that households are able to cope with high food prices through shifting to less balanced diets or through cutting expenditure in other activities like education and health care. At the same time, policies targeting vulnerable groups are needed to address food insecurity and malnutrition.
$ΔF=2$ processes in the MSSM in large $\tanβ$ limit
Creators: name: Rosiek, Janusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss corrections to $ΔM_{B_d}$, $ΔM_{B_s}$ and to the CP violation parameter $ε$ in two examples of (generalized) minimal flavour violation models: 2HDM and MSSM in the large $\tanβ$ limit. We show that for $H^+$ not too heavy, $ΔM_{B_s}$ in the MSSM with heavy sparticles can be substantially smaller than in the SM due the charged Higgs box contributions and in particular due to the growing like $\tan^4β$ contribution of the double penguin diagrams involving neutral Higgs boson exchanges.
description: 5 pages, 2 Postscript figures, to appear in the proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Supersymmetry and Unification of Fundamental Interactions SUSY'01, June 11-17, Dubna, Russia
Rethinking Assessments: Creating a New Tool Using the Zone of Proximal Development Within a Cultural-Historical Framework
Creators: name: VICTORIA JANE MINSON
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 130102 Early Childhood Education (excl. Maori)
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: This research proposes a new assessment tool, a planning and assessment matrix (PAM), which may be used to redesign Learning Stories to study the process of development. Using the Zone of Proximal Development concept, PAM guides teachers to focus not on what children have already achieved, but on the next steps in their potential developmental trajectory. PAM offers the educational field an alternative assessment methodology and a new perspective that focuses on how the child’s potential level of development may be actualised. From this new perspective, it is not the child’s mastery of a task that is important, it is the distance in development travelled.
Spectral flow of chiral fermions in nondissipative Yang-Mills gauge field backgrounds
Creators: name: Klinkhamer, F. R.
name: Lee, Y. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Real-time anomalous fermion number violation is investigated for massless chiral fermions in spherically symmetric SU(2) Yang-Mills gauge field backgrounds which can be weakly dissipative or even nondissipative. Restricting consideration to spherically symmetric fermion fields, the zero-eigenvalue equation of the time-dependent effective Dirac Hamiltonian is studied in detail. For generic spherically symmetric SU(2) gauge fields in Minkowski spacetime, a relation is presented between the spectral flow and two characteristics of the background gauge field. These characteristics are the well-known ``winding factor,'' which is defined to be the change of the Chern-Simons number of the associated vacuum sector of the background gauge field, and a new ``twist factor,'' which can be obtained from the zero-eigenvalue equation of the effective Dirac Hamiltonian but is entirely determined by the background gauge field. For a particular class of (weakly dissipative) Luscher-Schechter gauge field solutions, the level crossings are calculated directly and nontrivial contributions to the spectral flow from both the winding factor and the twist factor are observed. The general result for the spectral flow may be relevant to electroweak baryon number violation in the early universe.
description: REVTeX, 43 pages, v4: final version
Additional file 1 of Prenatal maternal stress: triangulating evidence for intrauterine exposure effects on birth and early childhood outcomes across multiple approaches
Creators: name: Lund, Ingunn Olea
name: Hannigan, Laurie J.
name: Ask, Helga
name: Askelund, Adrian D.
name: Hegemann, Laura
name: Corfield, Elizabeth C.
name: Wootton, Robyn E.
name: Ahmadzadeh, Yasmin I.
name: Davey Smith, George
name: McAdams, Tom A.
name: Ystrom, Eivind
name: Havdahl, Alexandra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: sTables 1–6, sFigures 1–7, sMethods 1–2, and sEquation 1. sTable 1: Items included in scales assessing maternal work stress, relationship satisfaction, adverse life events, and child behavioral/emotional problems. sFigure 1: Path diagram illustrating the multilevel structural equation model used in sibling control analyses. sMethods 1: Details of inverse probability weighting for the sibling sub-sample in MoBa analyses. sFigure 2: Mean differences between siblings and singletons in the MoBa sample. sFigure 3: Estimation of sibling inclusion probabilities and weight adjustments in MoBa analysis. sFigure 4: Impact of inverse probability sampling weights on unweighted and weighted comparisons. sMethods 2: Assumptions and explanation of polygenic GxE analyses for inferring causal relationships. sEquation 1: Formal specification of the linear model used in polygenic GxE analyses. sFigure 5: Mendelian randomization (MR) results of maternal exposures on offspring outcomes without genotype adjustments. sFigure 6: Directed acyclic graph (DAG) of relationships tested in intergenerational MR analyses. sTable 2: Demographic characteristics of the study sample, including parental education, income, parity, and child sex. sTable 3: Mean differences in prenatal stress exposure by outcome data availability across waves. sFigure 7: Observational estimates of maternal stressors on offspring outcomes using full and weighted sibling samples. sTable 4: Parameter estimates from observational models evaluating maternal stress on offspring outcomes. sTable 5: Parameter estimates from polygenic GxE interaction models analyzing maternal stress and offspring outcomes. sTable 6: Parameter estimates from negative control models comparing maternal stressors with offspring outcomes.
Knowledge flows and technologies in renewable energies at the regional level in Europe
Creators: name: Ocampo-Corrales, Diego B.
name: Moreno, Rosina
name: Suriñach, Jordi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: This study provides a new insight into the impact of knowledge flows for renewable energy (RE) technologies. With patent data for the European regions in the period 2000–10, we observe that RE technologies have more analytical knowledge content than the rest of the technologies. They also seem to benefit highly from both scientific knowledge flows and technological knowledge flows coming from distant places. This pattern is peculiar to the RE field and different from other cutting-edge technologies, and even different from those technologies related to energy generation coming from traditional energy sectors.
An electromagnetic trinity from "negative permittivity" and "negative permeability"
Creators: name: Lakhtakia, Akhlesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An electromagnetic trinity comprising vacuum, anti--vacuum, and nihility is postulated -- after making use of materials with "negative permittivity" and "negative permeability" -- to illuminate the structure of electromagnetic theory, at least insofar as the relationship of phase velocity with Poynting vector is concerned.
description: 5 pages
Mesh-based Camera Pairs Selection and Occlusion-Aware Masking for Mesh Refinement
Creators: name: Romanoni, Andrea
name: Matteucci, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many Multi-View-Stereo algorithms extract a 3D mesh model of a scene, after fusing depth maps into a volumetric representation of the space. Due to the limited scalability of such representations, the estimated model does not capture fine details of the scene. Therefore a mesh refinement algorithm is usually applied; it improves the mesh resolution and accuracy by minimizing the photometric error induced by the 3D model into pairs of cameras. The choice of these pairs significantly affects the quality of the refinement and usually relies on sparse 3D points belonging to the surface. Instead, in this paper, to increase the quality of pairs selection, we exploit the 3D model (before the refinement) to compute five metrics: scene coverage, mutual image overlap, image resolution, camera parallax, and a new symmetry term. To improve the refinement robustness, we also propose an explicit method to manage occlusions, which may negatively affect the computation of the photometric error. The proposed method takes into account the depth of the model while computing the similarity measure and its gradient. We quantitatively and qualitatively validated our approach on publicly available datasets against state of the art reconstruction methods.
description: Accepted for publication in Pattern Recognition Letters
A new model-independent way of extracting |V_ub/V_cb|
Creators: name: Aglietti, Ugo
name: Ciuchini, Marco
name: Gambino, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ratio between the photon spectrum in B -> X_s gamma and the differential semileptonic rate wrt the hadronic variable M_X/E_X is a short-distance quantity calculable in perturbation theory and independent of the Fermi motion of the b quark in the B meson. We present a NLO analysis of this ratio and show how it can be used to determine |V_ub/V_cb| independently of any model for the shape function. We also discuss how this relation can be used to test the validity of the shape-function theory on the data.
description: 20 pages, 3 figs
A Triple Hurdle Analysis of the Use of Electronic-Based Agricultural Market Information Services: The Case of Smallholder Farmers in Kenya
Creators: name: Okello, Julius Juma
name: Kirui, Oliver K.
name: Gitonga, Zachary
name: Okello, Julius Juma
name: Kirui, Oliver K.
name: Gitonga, Zachary
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Smallholder farmers
subject: e-based projects
subject: use of MIS
subject: Kenya

description: Smallholder farmers’ access to markets has traditionally been constrained by lack of market information. The need to facilitate farmers’ access to markets has seen the emergence of many projects that employ electronic tools in the provision of market information services (MIS). This study used a triple hurdle analysis to examine the factors influencing farmer awareness of electronic based (e-based) MIS projects, the decision by smallholder farmers in Kenya to participate in such projects and the use of services they provide. It finds that the drivers of awareness, decision to participate in e-based projects and use of the use of e-based MIS various farmer, farm and location-specific characteristics as well as endowments with physical, financial, human, and social capital. It specifically finds that education, distance to market, membership to farmer organizations, household income and cell phone ownership affect both the decision to participate in e-based projects and the use of MIS services such projects offer. The study concludes that transaction costs and social, financial and human capital endowments play an important role in smallholder farmer participation in e-based projects and the use of e-based MIS. The study discusses the implications of these findings for policy and practice.
Batrachoides liberiensis
Creators: name: Edwards, A. J.
name: Gill, A. C.
name: Abohweyere, P. O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Batrachoidiformes
Batrachoididae
Batrachoides
Batrachoides liberiensis

description: Batrachoides liberiensis (Steindachner, 1867)
 Reference material. Accra, June 1930 (Irvine 102)— BMNH 1930.8.30.11 (1 specimen: 173 mm SL).
 Distribution. Coast of tropical West Africa from Senegal to northern Angola (Roux, 1971; Collette and Russo, 1981).
 Irvine correctly noted that B. beninensis Regan, 1915 is a junior synonym (Collette and Russo, 1981).
description: Published as part of Edwards, A. J., Gill, A. C. & Abohweyere, P. O., 2003, A revision of F. R. Irvine's Ghanaian marine fishes in the collections of The Natural History Museum, London, pp. 2213-2267 in Journal of Natural History 37 (18) on page 2261, DOI: 10.1080/00222930210138359, http://zenodo.org/record/5263410
Non-stiff narrow-stencil finite difference approximations of the Laplacian on curvilinear multiblock grids
Creators: name: Almquist, Martin
name: Dunham, Eric M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M06, 65M12, 35L05

description: The Laplacian appears in several partial differential equations used to model wave propagation. Summation-by-parts--simultaneous approximation term (SBP-SAT) finite difference methods are often used for such equations, as they combine computational efficiency with provable stability on curvilinear multiblock grids. However, the existing SBP-SAT discretization of the Laplacian quickly becomes prohibitively stiff as grid skewness increases. The stiffness stems from the SATs that impose inter-block couplings and Dirichlet boundary conditions. We resolve this issue by deriving stable SATs whose stiffness is almost insensitive to grid skewness. The new discretization thus allows for large time steps in explicit time integrators, even on very skewed grids. It also applies to the variable-coefficient generalization of the Laplacian. We demonstrate the efficacy and versatility of the new method by applying it to acoustic wave propagation problems inspired by marine seismic exploration and infrasound monitoring of volcanoes.
Additional file 4: of Adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes among singleton pregnancies in women of very advanced maternal age: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Wu, Yuelin
name: Chen, Yan
name: Shen, Minxue
name: Guo, Yanfang
name: Wen, Shi
name: Lanes, Andrea
name: White, Ruth
name: Adanlawo, Adewumi
name: Walker, Mark
name: Hua, Xiaolin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S2. Association of advanced and very advanced maternal age with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. (DOCX 19 kb)
Localism is an illusion (of power): the multi-scalar challenge of UK enterprise policy-making
Creators: name: Gherhes, Cristian
name: Brooks, Chay
name: Vorley, Tim
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This paper explores to what extent the new localism has effectively empowered local enterprise partnerships (LEPs) and local communities to deliver localized, place-based enterprise policy at the subnational level. It identifies externally imposed constraints on local enterprise policy-making that have seen this reoriented towards the support of high-growth potential businesses. However, the scope and focus of enterprise policy at the LEP level contrast with heterogeneous local realities and needs, highlighting a pronounced rhetoric–reality gap. With little evidence of local knowledge transcending policy boundaries, the paper reveals that the current arrangements constrain local agency and reduce the effectiveness of enterprise policy-making at the local level. It concludes that the power to develop localized, place-based enterprise policy exists only in rhetoric.
Lagocephalus laevigatus
Creators: name: Edwards, A. J.
name: Gill, A. C.
name: Abohweyere, P. O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Tetraodontiformes
Tetraodontidae
Lagocephalus
Lagocephalus laevigatus

description: Lagocephalus laevigatus (Linnaeus, 1766)
 Reference material. Accra, January 1930 (Irvine 20)— BMNH 1930.3.24.46–47 (two: 81.8, 101.5 mm SL); Winneba, March 1933 (Irvine 169).
 Distribution. Both sides of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic. On the coast of West Africa from Morocco to Angola including offshore islands (Quéro et al., 1990).
description: Published as part of Edwards, A. J., Gill, A. C. & Abohweyere, P. O., 2003, A revision of F. R. Irvine's Ghanaian marine fishes in the collections of The Natural History Museum, London, pp. 2213-2267 in Journal of Natural History 37 (18) on page 2260, DOI: 10.1080/00222930210138359, http://zenodo.org/record/5263410
Performance Comparison Between OpenCV Built in CPU and GPU Functions on Image Processing Operations
Creators: name: Hangün, Batuhan
name: Eyecioğlu, Önder
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Image Processing is a specialized area of Digital Signal Processing which contains various mathematical and algebraic operations such as matrix inversion, transpose of matrix, derivative, convolution, Fourier Transform etc. Operations like those require higher computational capabilities than daily usage purposes of computers. At that point, with increased image sizes and more complex operations, CPUs may be unsatisfactory since they use Serial Processing by default. GPUs are the solution that come up with greater speed compared to CPUs because of their Parallel Processing/Computation nature. A parallel computing platform and programming model named CUDA was created by NVIDIA and implemented by the graphics processing units (GPUs) which were produced by them. In this paper, computing performance of some commonly used Image Processing operations will be compared on OpenCV's built in CPU and GPU functions that use CUDA.
description: Image Processing, CUDA, Parallel Processing, OpenCV, GPU
Halobatrachus didactylus
Creators: name: Edwards, A. J.
name: Gill, A. C.
name: Abohweyere, P. O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Batrachoidiformes
Batrachoididae
Halobatrachus
Halobatrachus didactylus

description: Halobatrachus didactylus (Schneider, 1801)
 Reference material. Accra, March 1930 (Irvine 64)— BMNH 1930.8.30.10 (one: ca 305 mm SL); Winneba, March 1934 (Irvine 168).
 Distribution. Coast of West Africa from Morocco to Ghana. Also occurs in the Mediterranean and along the Atlantic coasts of Spain and Portugal (Roux, 1971).
description: Published as part of Edwards, A. J., Gill, A. C. & Abohweyere, P. O., 2003, A revision of F. R. Irvine's Ghanaian marine fishes in the collections of The Natural History Museum, London, pp. 2213-2267 in Journal of Natural History 37 (18) on page 2261, DOI: 10.1080/00222930210138359, http://zenodo.org/record/5263410