cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ РАССТРОЙСТВА КИШЕЧНИКА У ДЕТЕЙ РАННЕГО ВОЗРАСТА - ТЕРМИНОЛОГИЯ, КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ, ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ, ЭТИОЛОГИЯ, ПАТОГЕНЕЗ
Creators: name: Расулов, С.К.
name: Исламова, Д.С.
name: Ибрагимова, Ю.Б.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Клинические руководства по диагностике функциональных нарушений органов пищеварения у детей, разработанные ведущими местными специалистами в области педиатрической гастроэнтерологии, обобщены  практическими навыками и зарубежными рекомендациями которые используются в повседневной практической педиатрии. В рекомендациях освещены IV-Римские и Российские классификации, критерии, а также обсуждаются  современные взгляды о терминологии, эпидемиологии, этиологии и механизмы развития функциональных нарушений  органов пищеварения.
Chemical evolution of $^{26}$Al and $^{60}$Fe in the Milky Way
Creators: name: Vasini, A.
name: Matteucci, F.
name: Spitoni, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present theoretical mass estimates of $^{26}$Al and $^{60}$Fe throughout the Galaxy, performed with a numerical chemical evolution model including detailed nucleosynthesis prescriptions for stable and radioactive nuclides. We compared the results for several sets of stellar yields taken from the literature, for massive, low and intermediate mass stars, nova systems (only for $^{26}$Al) and supernovae Type Ia.We then computed the total masses of $^{26}$Al and $^{60}$Fe in the Galaxy. We studied the bulge and the disc of the Galaxy in a galactocentric radius range 0-22 kpc. We assumed that the bulge region (within 2 kpc) evolved quickly suffering a strong star formation burst, while the disc formed more slowly and inside-out. We compared our results with the $^{26}$Al mass observed by the $γ$-ray surveys COMPTEL and INTEGRAL to select the best model. Concerning $^{60}$Fe, we do not have any observed mass value so we just performed a theoretical prediction for future observations. In conclusion, low, intermediate mass stars and Type Ia supernovae contribute negligibly to the two isotopes, while massive stars are the dominant source. The nova contribution is, however, necessary to reproduce the observations of $^{26}$Al. Our best model predicts $2.12$ M$_{\odot}$ of $^{26}$Al, in agreement with observations, while for $^{60}$Fe our best mass estimate is $\sim 1.05$ M$_{\odot}$. We also predicted the present injection rate of $^{26}$Al and $^{60}$Fe in the Galaxy and compared it with previous results, and we found a larger present time injection rate along the disc.
description: accepted,10 pages, 6 figures
Military occupation as a moderator between combat exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in US Army personnel
Creators: name: Kok, Brian C.
name: Wilk, Joshua E.
name: Wickham, Robert E.
name: Bongar, Bruce
name: Riviere, Lyndon A.
name: Brown, Lisa M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Cardiology

description: Military occupational designations are standardized classifications that help define and convey a service member’s expected duties and responsibilities. The present study examined how occupational designation was related to adverse combat-reactions, specifically posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It was hypothesized that at comparable levels of combat, non-combat units would display greater symptomology than combat units. The study sample consisted of 785 combat-deployed, active-duty enlisted US Army personnel. Participants were administered self-report questionnaires, including the Combat Experiences Scale and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5. Occupation was coded using the three-branch system (i.e., Operations, Support, & Force Sustainment). Hierarchical multiple linear regression (MLR) was run to examine the effect of occupation, combat, and unit cohesion on PTSD symptoms. Operations units reported the highest frequency of combat exposure; however, Force Sustainment units displayed the highest PTSD symptoms. In MLR analysis, there was a significant interaction between Force Sustainment units and combat exposure (β = 0.10, p = .019), that was not observed in Operations or Support units. These findings demonstrate that PTSD symptom intensity is not solely a function of combat exposure, and that non-combat units may react differently when exposed to elevated levels of combat.
Black holes as clouded mirrors: the Hayden-Preskill protocol with symmetry
Creators: name: Nakata, Yoshifumi
name: Wakakuwa, Eyuri
name: Koashi, Masato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hayden-Preskill protocol is a qubit-toy model of the black hole information paradox. Based on the assumption of scrambling, it was revealed that quantum information is instantly leaked out from the quantum many-body system that models a black hole. In this paper, we extend the protocol to the case where the system has symmetry and investigate how the symmetry affects the leakage of information. We especially focus on the conservation of the number of up-spins. Developing a partial decoupling approach, we first show that the symmetry induces a delay of leakage and an information remnant. We then clarify the physics behind them: the delay is characterized by thermodynamic properties of the system associated with the symmetry, and the information remnant is closely related to the symmetry-breaking of the initial state. These relations bridge the information leakage problem to macroscopic physics of quantum many-body systems and allow us to investigate the information leakage only in terms of physical properties of the system.
description: Ver.1: 7 pages + Supplementary. Ver.2: short version (14 pages) + long version (47 pages). Presentation improved. Connection to thermodynamics is much more elaborated. Ver.3: Substantial update of presentation. 21 pages + 6 pages of appendices. Ver 4-7: improved. Ver 8: Published version
Fluctuation-dissipation relations for spiking neurons
Creators: name: Lindner, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous fluctuations and stimulus response are essential features of neural functioning but how they are connected is poorly understood. I derive fluctuation-dissipation relations (FDR) between the spontaneous spike and voltage correlations and the firing rate susceptibility for i) the leaky integrate-and-fire (IF) model with white noise; ii) an IF model with arbitrary voltage dependence, an adaptation current, and correlated noise. The FDRs can be used to derive correlation statistics or to infer the system's response from observations of its spontaneous activity.
Authentication System for Smart Homes Based on ARM7TDMI-S and IRIS-Fingerprint Recognition Technologies
Creators: name: Ishengoma, Fredrick Romanus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the rapid advancement in technology, smart homes have become applicable and so the need arise to solve the security challenges that are accompanied with its operation. Passwords and identity cards have been used as traditional authentication mechanisms in home environments, however, the rise of misuse of these mechanisms are proving them to be less reliable. For instance, ID cards can be misplaced, copied or counterfeited and being misused. Conversely, studies have shown that biometrics authentication systems particularly Iris Recognition Technology (IRT) and Fingerprint Recognition Technology (FRT) have the most reliable mechanisms to date providing tremendous accuracy and speed. As the technology becomes less expensive, application of IRT& FRT in smart-homes becomes more reliable and appropriate solution for security challenges. In this paper, we present our approach to design an authentication system for smart homes based on IRT, FRT and ARM7TDMI.The system employs two biometrics mechanisms for high reliability whereby initially, system users must enroll their fingerprints and eyes into the camera. Iris and fingerprint biometrics are scanned and the images are stored in the database. In the stage of authentication, FRT and IRT fingerprint scan and analyze points of the user's current input iris and fingerprint and match with the database contents. If one or more captured images do not match with the one in the database, then the system will not give authorization.
On the X-ray, optical and radio afterglows of the BdHN I GRB 180720B generated by the synchrotron emission
Creators: name: Rueda, J. A.
name: Li, Liang
name: Moradi, R.
name: Ruffini, R.
name: Sahakyan, N.
name: Wang, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are systems of unprecedented complexity across all the electromagnetic spectrum, including the radio, optical, X-rays, gamma-rays in the megaelectronvolt (MeV) and gigaelectronvolt (GeV) regime, as well as ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), each manifested in seven specific physical processes with widely different characteristic evolution timescales ranging from $10^{-14}$ s to $10^{7}$ s or longer. We here study the long GRB 180720B originating from a binary system composed of a massive carbon-oxygen (CO) star of about $10 M_\odot$ and a companion neutron star (NS). The gravitational collapse of the CO star gives rise to a spinning newborn NS ($ν$NS), with an initial period of $P_0=1$ ms that powers the synchrotron radiation in the radio, optical, and X-ray wavelengths. We here only investigate the GRB 180720B afterglows and present a detailed treatment of its origin based on the synchrotron radiation released by the interaction of the $ν$NS and the SN ejecta. We show that in parallel to the X-ray afterglow, the spinning $ν$NS also powers the optical and radio afterglows and allows us to infer the $ν$NS and ejecta parameters that fit the observational data.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Synthetic five-wave mixing in an integrated microcavity for visible-telecom entanglement generation
Creators: name: Wang, Jia-Qi
name: Yang, Yuan-Hao
name: Li, Ming
name: Zhou, Hai-Qi
name: Xu, Xin-Biao
name: Zhang, Ji-Zhe
name: Dong, Chun-Hua
name: Guo, Guang-Can
name: Zou, Chang-Ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear optics processes lie at the heart of photonics and quantum optics for their indispensable role in light sources and information processing. During the past decades, the three- and four-wave mixing ($χ^{(2)}$ and $χ^{(3)}$) effects have been extensively studied, especially in the micro-/nano-structures by which the photon-photon interaction strength is greatly enhanced. So far, the high-order nonlinearity beyond the $χ^{(3)}$ has rarely been studied in dielectric materials due to their weak intrinsic nonlinear susceptibility, even in high-quality microcavities. Here, an effective five-wave mixing process ($χ^{(4)}$) is synthesized for the first time, by incorporating $χ^{(2)}$ and $χ^{(3)}$ processes in a single microcavity. The coherence of the synthetic $χ^{(4)}$ is verified by generating time-energy entangled visible-telecom photon-pairs, which requires only one drive laser at the telecom waveband. The photon pair generation rate from the synthetic process shows an enhancement factor over $500$ times upon intrinsic five-wave mixing. Our work demonstrates a universal approach of nonlinear synthesis via photonic structure engineering at the mesoscopic scale rather than material engineering, and thus opens a new avenue for realizing high-order optical nonlinearities and exploring novel functional photonic devices.
description: 4 figures
Multilateral Assistance for Agricultural Development
Creators: name: Economic Research Service
name: Economic Research Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Agricultural development
subject: Multilateral assistance
subject: International organizations

description: This publication surveys major multilateral agencies concerned with agricultural development in low-income countries. The survey covers objectives of the multilateral agencies, the types of programs they conduct, and their operational procedures. Included in the discussions are: the United Nations Development Program and the Food and Agriculture Organization; the World Bank and the major regional development banks; the Organization of American States and the international agricultural research centers. An account is given of the trends toward multilateral assistance for agriculture and some emerging issues as the international organizations put more of their resources into agricultural development projects.
Fanning out of the $f$-mode in presence of nonuniform magnetic fields
Creators: name: Singh, Nishant K.
name: Brandenburg, Axel
name: Rheinhardt, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in the presence of a harmonically varying magnetic field the fundamental or $f$-mode in a stratified layer is altered in such a way that it fans out in the diagnostic $kω$ diagram, but with mode power also within the fan. In our simulations, the surface is defined by a temperature and density jump in a piecewise isothermal layer. Unlike our previous work (Singh et al. 2014) where a uniform magnetic field was considered, we employ here a nonuniform magnetic field together with hydromagnetic turbulence at length scales much smaller than those of the magnetic fields. The expansion of the $f$-mode is stronger for fields confined to the layer below the surface. In some of those cases, the $kω$ diagram also reveals a new class of low frequency vertical stripes at multiples of twice the horizontal wavenumber of the background magnetic field. We argue that the study of the $f$-mode expansion might be a new and sensitive tool to determining subsurface magnetic fields with longitudinal periodicity.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Astrophysical Journal Letters
Nanomechanical damping via electron-assisted relaxation of two-level systems
Creators: name: Maillet, Olivier
name: Cattiaux, Dylan
name: Zhou, Xin
name: Gazizulin, Rasul R.
name: Bourgeois, Olivier
name: Fefferman, Andrew D.
name: Collin, Eddy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on measurements of dissipation and frequency noise at millikelvin temperatures of nanomechanical devices covered with aluminum. A clear excess damping is observed after switching the metallic layer from superconducting to the normal state with a magnetic field. Beyond the standard model of internal tunneling systems coupled to the phonon bath, here we consider the relaxation to the conduction electrons together with the nature of the mechanical dispersion laws for stressed/unstressed devices. With these key ingredients, a model describing the relaxation of two-level systems inside the structure due to interactions with electrons and phonons with well separated timescales captures the data. In addition, we measure an excess 1/f-type frequency noise in the normal state, which further emphasizes the impact of conduction electrons.
description: 7 pages (main text) + 9 pages (SI), same as published version
A Weak Galerkin Mixed Finite Element Method for second order elliptic equations on 2D Curved Domains
Creators: name: Liu, Yi
name: Chen, Wenbin
name: Wang, Yanqiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This article concerns the weak Galerkin mixed finite element method (WG-MFEM) for second order elliptic equations on 2D domains with curved boundary. The Neumann boundary condition is considered since it becomes the essential boundary condition in this case. It is well-known that the discrepancy between the curved physical domain and the polygonal approximation domain leads to a loss of accuracy for discretization with polynomial order $α>1$. The purpose of this paper is two-fold. First, we present a detailed error analysis of the original WG-MFEM for solving problems on curved domains, which exhibits an $O(h^{1/2})$ convergence for all $α\ge 1$. It is a little surprising to see that even the lowest-order WG-MFEM ($α=1$) experiences a loss of accuracy. This is different from known results for the finite element method (FEM) or the mixed FEM, and appears to be a combined effect of the WG-MFEM design and the fact that the outward normal vector on the polygonal approximation domain is different from the one on the curved domain. Second, we propose a remedy to bring the approximation rate back to optimal by employing two techniques. One is a specially designed boundary correction technique. The other is to take full advantage of the nice feature that weak Galerkin discretization can be defined on polygonal meshes, which allows the curved boundary to be better approximated by multiple short edges without increasing the total number of mesh elements. Rigorous analysis shows that a combination of the above two techniques renders optimal convergence for all $α$. Numerical results further confirm this conclusion.
Constraints on the galaxy "main sequence" at z>5: the stellar mass of HDF850.1
Creators: name: Serjeant, Stephen
name: Marchetti, Lucia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present rest-frame optical and near-infrared detections of one of the highest redshift submm-selected galaxies to date, HDF850.1. We do not detect the previously proposed counterpart HDF850.1K in new deep J and H-band HST WFC3 data, placing a strong limit of H-K>3.8, concluding that the K-band source is spurious. However, we detect 5.8um and 8um emission co-located with the submm in deblended images. After modelling and removing the flux contributions from another foreground galaxy, we constrain the stellar mass of HDF850.1 to be (2.5+/-1)x10^{11} Msun/mu for a lensing magnification mu=1.9+/-0.3, with a specific star formation rate of 8.5 Gyr^{-1}, faster than the 1-4 Gyr^{-1} observed for UV-selected galaxies at this epoch.
description: MNRAS in press
The white dwarf cooling sequence of 47 Tucanae
Creators: name: García-Berro, Enrique
name: Torres, Santiago
name: Althaus, Leandro G.
name: Bertolami, Marcelo M. Miller
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 47 Tucanae is one of the most interesting and well observed and theoretically studied globular clusters. This allows us to study the reliability of our understanding of white dwarf cooling sequences, to confront different methods to determine its age, and to assess other important characteristics, like its star formation history. Here we present a population synthesis study of the cooling sequence of the globular cluster 47 Tucanae. In particular, we study the distribution of effective temperatures, the shape of the color-magnitude diagram, and the corresponding magnitude and color distributions. We do so using an up-to-date population synthesis code based on Monte Carlo techniques, that incorporates the most recent and reliable cooling sequences and an accurate modeling of the observational biases. We find a good agreement between our theoretical models and the observed data. Thus, our study, rules out previous claims that there are still missing physics in the white dwarf cooling models at moderately high effective temperatures. We also derive the age of the cluster using the termination of the cooling sequence, obtaining a good agreement with the age determinations using the main-sequence turn-off. Finally, we find that the star formation history of the cluster is compatible with that btained using main sequence stars, which predict the existence of two distinct populations. We conclude that a correct modeling of the white dwarf population of globular clusters, used in combination with the number counts of main sequence stars provides an unique tool to model the properties of globular clusters.
description: 6 pages and 4 figures accepted for publication in A & A
Airy Point Process via Supersymmetric Lifts
Creators: name: Ahn, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the local asymptotics at the edge for particle systems arising from: (i) eigenvalues of sums of unitarily invariant random Hermitian matrices and (ii) signatures corresponding to decompositions of tensor products of representations of the unitary group. Our method treats these two models in parallel, and is based on new formulas for observables described in terms of a special family of lifts, which we call supersymmetric lifts, of Schur functions and multivariate Bessel functions. We obtain explicit expressions for a class of supersymmetric lifts inspired by determinantal formulas for supersymmetric Schur functions due to \cite{MJ03}. Asymptotic analysis of these lifts enable us to probe the edge. We focus on several settings where the Airy point process arises.
description: 58 pages, 5 figures
Non-LTE analysis of the Si II lines in iota Her with various atomic data sets
Creators: name: Mashonkina, L.
name: Sitnova, T.
name: Korotin, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study shows that the statistical equilibrium of Si II in the atmosphere of a B3 IV type star iota Her is extremely sensitive to a variation in photoionization cross-sections for the Si II levels. The difference in abundances derived from absorption lines of Si II between applying the data from two equal accuracy sources, namely, the Opacity Project (OP) and the NORAD database, amounts to 0.18 dex, on average. Using the hydrogenic approximation for photoionization cross-sections, we obtain the departure coefficients for the Si II \eu{4s}{2}{S}{}{} level, the source function for Si II 6371 A, and the abundance derived from this line, which are very similar to the corresponding values computed by Takeda (2022). We suppose that close-to-solar abundance obtained by Takeda (2022) from Si II 6371 A in iota Her is due to using the hydrogenic photoionization cross-sections for the Si II levels. However, emission lines of Si II observed in iota Her can only be reproduced with the OP photoionization cross-sections. Photoionization cross-sections for the Si II levels need further improvements.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication by Astronomy Letters
New BVIc Photometry of Low-mass Pleiades Stars: Exploring the Effects of Rotation on Broadband Colors
Creators: name: Kamai, Brittany L.
name: Vrba, Frederick J.
name: Stauffer, John R.
name: Stassun, Keivan G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new BVIc photometry for 350 Pleiades proper-motion members with 9 < V < 17. Importantly, our new catalog includes a large number of K and early-M type stars, roughly doubling the number of low-mass stars with well calibrated Johnson/Cousins photometry in this benchmark cluster. We combine our new photometry with existing photometry from the literature to define a purely empirical isochrone at Pleiades age (~100 Myr) extending from V=9 to 17. We use the empirical isochrone to identify 48 new probable binaries and 14 likely non-members.The photometrically identified single stars are compared against their expected positions in the color-magnitude diagram (CMD). At 100 Myr, the mid K and early M stars are predicted to lie above the zero-age main sequence (ZAMS) having not yet reached the ZAMS. We find in the B-V vs. V CMD that mid K and early M dwarfs are instead displaced below (or blueward of) the ZAMS. Using the stars' previously reported rotation periods, we find a highly statistically significant correlation between rotation period and CMD displacement, in the sense that the more rapidly rotating stars have the largest displacements in the B- V CMD.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
A classification of the weak Lefschetz property for almost complete intersections generated by uniform powers of general linear forms
Creators: name: Boij, Mats
name: Lundqvist, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13E10, 14C20, 13C40, 13C13, 13D40

description: We use Macaulay's inverse system to study the Hilbert series for almost complete intersections generated by uniform powers of general linear forms. This allows us to give a classification of the Weak Lefschetz property for these algebras, settling a conjecture by Migliore, Miró-Roig, and Nagel.
description: 15 pages. v2: clarifications and extra references. To appear in Algebra & Number Theory
Characterization of surface motion patterns in highly deformable soft tissue organs from dynamic MRI: An application to assess 4D bladder motion
Creators: name: Makki, Karim
name: Bohi, Amine
name: Ogier, Augustin . C
name: Bellemare, Marc Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Dynamic MRI may capture temporal anatomical changes in soft tissue organs with high contrast but the obtained sequences usually suffer from limited volume coverage which makes the high resolution reconstruction of organ shape trajectories a major challenge in temporal studies. Because of the variability of abdominal organ shapes across time and subjects, the objective of this study is to go towards 3D dense velocity measurements to fully cover the entire surface and to extract meaningful features characterizing the observed organ deformations and enabling clinical action or decision. We present a pipeline for characterization of bladder surface dynamics during deep respiratory movements. For a compact shape representation, the reconstructed temporal volumes were first used to establish subject-specific dynamical 4D mesh sequences using the LDDMM framework. Then, we performed a statistical characterization of organ dynamics from mechanical parameters such as mesh elongations and distortions. Since we refer to organs as non flat surfaces, we have also used the mean curvature changes as metric to quantify surface evolution. However, the numerical computation of curvature is strongly dependant on the surface parameterization. To cope with this dependency, we employed a new method for surface deformation analysis. Independent of parameterization and minimizing the length of the geodesic curves, it stretches smoothly the surface curves towards a sphere by minimizing a Dirichlet energy. An Eulerian PDE approach is used to derive a shape descriptor from the curve-shortening flow. Intercorrelations between individual motion patterns are computed using the Laplace Beltrami operator eigenfunctions for spherical mapping. Application to extracting characterization correlation curves for locally controlled simulated shape trajectories demonstrates the stability of the proposed shape descriptor.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2003.08332
Mock-integrability and stable solitary vortices
Creators: name: Koike, Yukito
name: Nakamula, Atsushi
name: Nishie, Akihiro
name: Obuse, Kiori
name: Sawado, Nobuyuki
name: Suda, Yamato
name: Toda, Kouichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Localized soliton-like solutions to a $(2+1)$-dimensional hydro-dynamical evolution equation are studied numerically. The equation is so-called Williams-Yamagata-Flierl equation, which governs geostrophic fluid in a certain parameter range. Although the equation does not have an integrable structure in the ordinary sense, we find there exist shape-keeping solutions with very long life in a special background flow and an initial condition. The stability of the localization at the fusion process of two soliton-like objects is also investigated. As for the indicator of the long-term stability of localization, we propose a concept of configurational entropy, which has been introduced in analysis for non-topological solitons in field theories.
description: 36 pages, 14 figures; typos and mistakes were corrected, references added
Distinction inside L-packets of SL(n)
Creators: name: Anandavardhanan, U. K.
name: Matringe, Nadir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F70, 22E50

description: If $E/F$ is a quadratic extension $p$-adic fields, we first prove that the $\mathrm{SL}_n(F)$-distinguished representations inside a distinguished unitary L-packet of $\mathrm{SL}_n(E)$ are precisely those admitting a degenerate Whittaker model with respect to a degenerate character of $N(E)/N(F)$. Then we establish a global analogue of this result. For this, let $E/F$ be a quadratic extension of number fields and let $π$ be an $\mathrm{SL}_n(\mathbb{A}_F)$-distinguished square integrable automorphic representation of $\mathrm{SL}_n(\mathbb{A}_E)$. Let $(σ,d)$ be the unique pair associated to $π$, where $σ$ is a cuspidal representation of $\mathrm{GL}_r(\mathbb{A}_E)$ with $n=dr$. Using an unfolding argument, we prove that an element of the L-packet of $π$ is distinguished with respect to $\mathrm{SL}_n(\mathbb{A}_F)$ if and only if it has a degenerate Whittaker model for a degenerate character $ψ$ of type $r^d:=(r,\dots,r)$ of $N_n(\mathbb{A}_E)$ which is trivial on $N_n(E+\mathbb{A}_F)$, where $N_n$ is the group of unipotent upper triangular matrices of $\mathrm{SL}_n$. As a first application, under the assumptions that $E/F$ splits at infinity and $r$ is odd, we establish a local-global principle for $\mathrm{SL}_n(\mathbb{A}_F)$-distinction inside the L-packet of $π$. As a second application we construct examples of distinguished cuspidal automorphic representations $π$ of $\mathrm{SL}_n(\mathbb{A}_E)$ such that the period integral vanishes on some canonical copy of $π$, and of everywhere locally distinguished representations of $\mathrm{SL}_n(\mathbb{A}_E)$ such that their L-packets do not contain any distinguished representation.
description: Merged with withdrawn arXiv:1906.11560. We simplified some arguments and removed an unnecessary Grunwald-Wang assumption
A Generative Deep Learning Approach to Stochastic Downscaling of Precipitation Forecasts
Creators: name: Harris, Lucy
name: McRae, Andrew T. T.
name: Chantry, Matthew
name: Dueben, Peter D.
name: Palmer, Tim N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite continuous improvements, precipitation forecasts are still not as accurate and reliable as those of other meteorological variables. A major contributing factor to this is that several key processes affecting precipitation distribution and intensity occur below the resolved scale of global weather models. Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have been demonstrated by the computer vision community to be successful at super-resolution problems, i.e., learning to add fine-scale structure to coarse images. Leinonen et al. (2020) previously applied a GAN to produce ensembles of reconstructed high-resolution atmospheric fields, given coarsened input data. In this paper, we demonstrate this approach can be extended to the more challenging problem of increasing the accuracy and resolution of comparatively low-resolution input from a weather forecasting model, using high-resolution radar measurements as a "ground truth". The neural network must learn to add resolution and structure whilst accounting for non-negligible forecast error. We show that GANs and VAE-GANs can match the statistical properties of state-of-the-art pointwise post-processing methods whilst creating high-resolution, spatially coherent precipitation maps. Our model compares favourably to the best existing downscaling methods in both pixel-wise and pooled CRPS scores, power spectrum information and rank histograms (used to assess calibration). We test our models and show that they perform in a range of scenarios, including heavy rainfall.
description: Revised version 28/7/22
The Peripheral Vortex Biome of Confined Quantum Fluids and Its Influence on Vortex Pair Annihilation
Creators: name: Zhu, Chuanzhou
name: Ford, Patrick C.
name: Siemens, Mark E.
name: Lusk, Mark T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The self-annihilation of oppositely charged optical vortices in a quantum fluid is hindered by nonlinearity and promoted by radial confinement, resulting in rich life-cycle dynamics of such pairs. The competing effects generate a biome of peripheral vortices that can directly interact with the original pair to produce a sequence of surrogation events. Numerical simulation is used to elucidate the role of the vortex biome as a function of nonlinearity strength and the initial spacing between the engineered vortices. The results apply directly to other nonlinear quantum fluids as well and may be useful in the control of complex condensates in which vortex dynamics produce topologically protected phases.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Biocuration Careers Workshop
Creators: name: Vasilevsky, Nicole
name: Hosseini, Mohammad
name: Holmes, Kristi
name: Tuli, Mary Ann
name: Vita, Randi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: biocuration

description: Based on the results from the 2020-2021 ISB survey, Biocurators contribute to a wide range of scholarly outputs other than traditional ones such as manuscripts, presentations, and grant funding. Furthermore, biocurators play leadership roles in various capacities that enhance the research process. However, only half of the survey respondents reported being promoted during their careers. The objective of this workshop is to determine ways the ISB can assist Biocurators in our community with career progression. At this workshop, we: - Provided an overview of and discuss varying job titles and roles of Biocurators - Introduced contributor roles and ways we can get better credit and attribution for our work - Provided an overview of different ways to track metrics/share scholarly products More information here: https://www.biocuration.org/careers-in-biocuration-workshop-september-21st-2022/
Quantum gas microscopy for single atom and spin detection
Creators: name: Gross, Christian
name: Bakr, Waseem S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A particular strength of ultracold quantum gases are the versatile detection methods available. Since they are based on atom-light interactions, the whole quantum optics toolbox can be used to tailor the detection process to the specific scientific question to be explored in the experiment. Common methods include time-of-flight measurements to access the momentum distribution of the gas, the use of cavities to monitor global properties of the quantum gas with minimal disturbance and phase-contrast or high-intensity absorption imaging to obtain local real space information in high-density settings. Even the ultimate limit of detecting each and every atom locally has been realized in two-dimensions using so-called quantum gas microscopes. In fact, these microscopes not only revolutionized the detection, but also the control of lattice gases. Here we provide a short overview of this technique, highlighting new observables as well as key experiments that have been enabled by quantum gas microscopy.
description: Community comments welcome!
Plasmonic eigenmodes in individual and bow-tie graphene nanotriangles
Creators: name: Wang, Weihua
name: Christensen, Thomas
name: Jauho, Antti-Pekka
name: Thygesen, Kristian S.
name: Wubs, Martijn
name: Mortensen, N. Asger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Serving as a new two-dimensional plasmonic material, graphene has stimulated an intensive study of its optical properties which benefit from the unique electronic band structure of the underlying honeycomb lattice of carbon atoms. In classical electrodynamics, nanostructured graphene is commonly modeled by the computationally demanding problem of a three-dimensional conducting film of atomic-scale thickness. Here, we propose an efficient alternative two-dimensional electrostatic approach where all the calculation procedures are restricted to the plane of the graphene sheet. To explore possible quantum effects, we perform tight-binding calculations, adopting a random-phase approximation. We investigate the multiple plasmon modes in triangles of graphene, treating the optical response classically as well as quantum mechanically in the case of both armchair and zigzag edge termination of the underlying atomic lattice. Compared to the classical plasmonic spectrum which is "blind" to the edge termination, we find that the quantum plasmon frequencies exhibit blueshifts in the case of armchair edge termination, while redshifts are found for zigzag edges. Furthermore, we find spectral features in the zigzag case which are associated with electronic edge states not present for armchair termination. Merging pairs of such triangles into dimers, the plasmon hybridization leads to energy splitting in accordance with plasmon-hybridization theory, with a lower energy for the antisymmetric modes and a smaller splitting for modes with less confinement to the gap region. The hybridization appears strongest in classical calculations while the splitting is lower for armchair edges and even more reduced for zigzag edges. Our various results illustrate a surprising phenomenon: Even 20 nm large graphene structures clearly exhibit quantum plasmonic features due to atomic-scale details in the edge termination.
description: 27 pages including 7 figures. Supplementary information available upon request to authors
Critical behavior of isotropic systems with strong dipole-dipole interaction: three-loop study
Creators: name: Kudlis, A.
name: Pikelner, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the critical behavior of isotropic systems with dipole-dipole interaction by renormalization-group methods in fixed space-time dimensions. Working in three-dimensional theory we analytically find three-loop expressions for critical exponents in the limit of dominating dipole-dipole forces. Resummation of the series obtained provides numerical values close to $O(3)$-theory predictions, justifying the applicability of such a simplified model to systems with strong dipole-dipole interaction.
A common fixed point theorem for a commuting family of weak$^{\ast }$ continuous nonexpansive mappings
Creators: name: Borzdyński, Sławomir
name: Wiśnicki, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is shown that if $S$ is a commuting family of weak$^{\ast }$ continuous nonexpansive mappings acting on a weak$^{\ast }$ compact convex subset $C$ of the dual Banach space $E$, then the set of common fixed points of $S$ is a nonempty nonexpansive retract of $C$. This partially solves a long-standing open problem in metric fixed point theory in the case of commutative semigroups.
Blow-Up of Positive Solutions to Wave Equations in High Space Dimensions
Creators: name: Takamura, Hiroyuki
name: Rammaha, Mohammad
name: Uesaka, Hiroshi
name: Wakasa, Kyouhei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 35L05, 35L20, Secondary: 58J45

description: This paper is concerned with the Cauchy problem for the semilinear wave equation: $u_{tt}-Δu=F(u) \ \mbox{in} \ R^n\times[0, \infty)$, where the space dimension $n \ge 2$, $F(u)=|u|^p$ or $F(u)=|u|^{p-1}u$ with $p>1$. Here, the Cauchy data are non-zero and non-compactly supported. Our results on the blow-up of positive radial solutions (not necessarily radial in low dimensions $n=2, 3$) generalize and extend the results of Takamura(1995) and Takamura, Uesaka and Wakasa(2011). The main technical difficulty in the paper lies in obtaining the lower bounds for the free solution when both initial position and initial velocity are non-identically zero in even space dimensions.
description: 16pages
Quantitative fluid approximation in transport theory: a unified approach
Creators: name: Bouin, Emeric
name: Mouhot, Clément
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a unified method for the large space-time scaling limit of \emph{linear} collisional kinetic equations in the whole space. The limit is of \emph{fractional} diffusion type for heavy tail equilibria with slow enough decay, and of diffusive type otherwise. The proof is constructive and the fractional/standard diffusion matrix is obtained. The method combines energy estimates and quantitative spectral methods to construct a `fluid mode'. The method is applied to scattering models (without assuming detailed balance conditions), Fokker-Planck operators and L{é}vy-Fokker-Planck operators. It proves a series of new results, including the fractional diffusive limit for Fokker-Planck operators in any dimension, for which the formulas for the diffusion coefficient were not known, for L{é}vy-Fokker-Planck operators with general equilibria, and for scattering operators including some cases of infinite mass equilibria. It also unifies and generalises the results of previous papers with a quantitative method, and our estimates on the fluid approximation error also seem novel.
Kinematics of molecular gas in star-forming galaxies with large-scale ionised outflows
Creators: name: Hogarth, Lucy M.
name: Saintonge, Amelie
name: Davis, Tim A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the kinematics of the molecular gas in a sample of seven edge-on (i>60°) galaxies identified as hosting large-scale outflows of ionised gas, using ALMA CO(1-0) observations at ~ 1kpc resolution. We build on Hogarth et al. (2021; H21), where we find that molecular gas is more centrally concentrated in galaxies which host winds than in control objects. We perform full 3-dimensional kinematic modelling with multiple combinations of kinematic components, allowing us to infer whether these objects share any similarities in their molecular gas structure. We use modelling to pinpoint the kinematic centre of each galaxy, in order to interpret their minor- and major-axis position velocity diagrams (PVDs). From the PVDs, we find that the bulk of the molecular gas in our galaxies is dynamically cold, tracing the rotation curves predicted by our symmetric, rotation-dominated models, but with minor flux asymmetries. Most notably, we find evidence of radial gas motion in a subset of our objects, which demonstrate a characteristic "twisting" in their minor-axis PVDs generally associated with gas flow along the plane of a galaxy. In our highest S/N object, we include bi-symmetric radial flow in our kinematic model, and find (via the Bayesian Information Criterion) that the presence of radial gas motion is strongly favoured. This may provide one mechanism by which molecular gas and star formation are centrally concentrated, enabling the launch of massive ionised gas winds. However, in the remainder of our sample, we do not observe evidence that gas is being driven radially, once again emphasising the variety of physical processes that may be powering the outflows in these objects, as originally noted in H21.
description: 18 pages, 11 supplemental pages, 8 figures
Trace and flux a priori error estimates in finite element approximations of Signorni-type problems
Creators: name: Steinbach, Olaf
name: Wohlmuth, Barbara
name: Wunderlich, Linus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J86, 65N30

description: Variational inequalities play in many applications an important role and are an active research area. Optimal a priori error estimates in the natural energy norm do exist but only very few results in other norms exist. Here we consider as prototype a simple Signorini problem and provide new optimal order a priori error estimates for the trace and the flux on the Signorini boundary. The a priori analysis is based on the exact and a mesh-dependent Steklov-Poincaré operator as well as on duality in Aubin-Nitsche type arguments. Numerical results illustrate the convergence rates of the finite element approach.