cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sufficiency Class for Global (in Time) Solutions to the 3D-Navier-Stokes Equations
Creators: name: Gill, Tepper L
name: Zachary, Woodford W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A well-known unsolved problem (in the classical theory of fluid mechanics) is to identify a set of initial velocities, which may depend on the viscosity, the body forces and possibly the boundary of the fluid that will allow global in time solutions to the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. (These equations describe the time evolution of the fluid velocity and pressure of an incompressible viscous homogeneous Newtonian fluid in terms of a given initial velocity and given external body forces.) A related problem is to provide conditions under which we can be assured that the weak solution is unique. In this paper we prove that there exists a number u+ such that for all initial velocities in a ball of radius u+, the Navier-Stokes equations have unique strong global in time solutions, and that the corresponding weak solution is unique.
description: Revised and corrected version accepted for publication
The Albedo, Size, and Density of Binary Kuiper Belt Object (47171) 1999 TC36
Creators: name: Stansberry, J. A.
name: Grundy, W. M.
name: Margot, J. L.
name: Cruikshank, D. P.
name: Emery, J. P.
name: Rieke, G. H.
name: Trilling, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured the system-integrated thermal emission of the binary Kuiper Belt Object 1999 TC36 at wavelengths near 24 and 70 microns using the Spitzer space telescope. We fit these data and the visual magnitude using both the Standard Thermal Model and thermophysical models. We find that the effective diameter of the binary is 405 km, with a range of 350 -- 470 km, and the effective visible geometric albedo for the system is 0.079 with a range of 0.055 -- 0.11. The binary orbit, magnitude contrast between the components, and system mass have been determined from HST data (Margot et al., 2004; 2005a; 2005b). Our effective diameter, combined with that system mass, indicate an average density for the objects of 0.5 g/cm3, with a range 0.3 -- 0.8 g/cm3. This density is low compared to that of materials expected to be abundant in solid bodies in the trans-Neptunian region, requiring 50 -- 75% of the interior of 1999 TC36 be taken up by void space. This conclusion is not greatly affected if 1999 TC36 is ``differentiated'' (in the sense of having either a rocky or just a non-porous core). If the primary is itself a binary, the average density of that (hypothetical) triple system would be in the range 0.4 -- 1.1 g/cm3, with a porosity in the range 15 -- 70%.
description: ApJ, in press (May, 2006)
Ordered optimal solutions and applications
Creators: name: Liu, Li
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The Monotone Response and Selection (MRS) Theorems in lattice programming provide a sufficient condition under which the optimal solutions of a parametric optimization problem are monotone in the parameter. The MRS Theorems have many applications. In particular, they explain the monotonicity of minimum cuts in parametric maximum flow problems in certain networks. However, in some parametric optimization problems, monotonicity does not hold. Rather, a totally ordered selection of optimal solutions exists. In Chapter 2, I present some conditions under which there exists a selection of optimal solutions that are totally ordered, but not necessarily monotone. Based on this result, I present necessary and sufficient conditions for some natural classes of parametric maximum flow problems to ensure the existence of a totally ordered selection of minimum cuts. In Chapter 3, I extend the original selection problem studied by Rhys (1970) and Balinski (1970). I introduce the notion of tasks and assume that, facilities are capable of performing multi-tasks. A job then, instead of requiring a fixed set of facilities, requires a set of tasks, which can be performed by different facilities. The objective is to maximize the net return. Although this extended model is NP-hard, by introducing some natural restrictions in the extended selection problem, I obtain two variants thereof, which can be solved as minimum cut problems. A forest-harvest and road-construction scheduling problem can be formulated as one of the two variants and solved as a minimum cut problem. Recently, new legislations have been introduced which require that a logging company cannot harvest a block of forest if an adjacent block has been harvested within the past 20 years. In order to harvest a block of forest, a road must be ready leading from a saw mill to the block. Roads must be constructed from a tree structured network of potential links. Due to the long planning horizon, forest-harvesting and road-construction must be scheduled together in order to maximize the present value of net income. In Chapter 4, I present a tabu search heuristic to generate schedules which compare favorably with previous studies.
TriNE: Network Representation Learning for Tripartite Heterogeneous Networks
Creators: name: Gharibshah, Zhabiz
name: Zhu, Xingquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study network representation learning for tripartite heterogeneous networks which learns node representation features for networks with three types of node entities. We argue that tripartite networks are common in real world applications, and the essential challenge of the representation learning is the heterogeneous relations between various node types and links in the network. To tackle the challenge, we develop a tripartite heterogeneous network embedding called TriNE. The method considers unique user-item-tag tripartite relationships, to build an objective function to model explicit relationships between nodes (observed links), and also capture implicit relationships between tripartite nodes (unobserved links across tripartite node sets). The method organizes metapath guided random walks to create heterogeneous neighborhood for all node types in the network. This information is then utilized to train a heterogeneous skip-gram model based on a joint optimization. Experiments on real-world tripartite networks validate the performance of TriNE for the online user response prediction using embedding node features.
Preconceived Perceptions: Operational Codes and Deterrence in the 2017/18 North Korean Nuclear Crisis
Creators: name: Penn, Edward Michael
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Operational Code
Deterrence Theory
Perceptions
2017/18 North Korean Nuclear Crisis
John Bolton
William Perry

description: Are debates over the deterrence of an adversary reflective of an apparent complexity in its application within a given situation or simply indicative of conflicting preconceived political beliefs? Specifically, can perceptions towards the deterrence of an adversary be traced to an individual’s operational code? This thesis examines the linkages between the operational codes of John Bolton and William Perry and their perceptions of whether the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea can be deterred within the context of the 2017/18 North Korean nuclear crisis. The aim of this study is to explain the specific perceptions held by Bolton and Perry through reference to their operational codes. For this paper, I adopt Stephen Walker and Lawrence Falkowski’s refined typology of the operational code. Deterrence theory literature is examined to establish the principal causes of deterrence failure. These conditions are cross-referenced with the operational code typology to construct the expected perceptions of each belief type, thereby creating a framework against which Bolton and Perry can be measured. I hypothesis that the operational codes of Bolton and Perry will systematically account for their perceptions towards the deterrence of North Korea. A notable contribution of this paper is the specific and unique application of the operational code approach to deterrence. In addition, this thesis adds to the literature emphasising the subjective nature of deterrence, highlighting the inadequacy of traditional rational-actor paradigms. Further, it provides a nuanced account of the role of beliefs as a cause of substantial disagreement in the contemporaneous debate within Washington. Ultimately, this study finds that knowledge of Bolton and Perry’s operational codes is useful for understanding their specific perceptions towards the deterrence of North Korea.
Prejudice towards People with Mental Illness: Measurement, Structure, and Antecedents in Mental Health Professionals and the General Population
Creators: name: Gunningham, Beth
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Mental Illness
Prejudice
Stigma
Attitudes
Mental Health Professionals
Scale Construction and Validation
Psychometrics/Methods

description: This study sought to create and validate a shortened version of the promising Prejudice towards People with Mental Illness (PPMI) scale and use it to measure and compare prejudiced attitudes in mental health professionals and in the general population. An additional goal was to examine the antecedents to prejudice towards people with mental illness. An online survey collected information regarding: demographics; mental health professional-related variables; prejudiced attitudes towards people with mental illness generally and towards people with schizophrenia and depression; and a number of proposed antecedents to prejudice. The proposed antecedents were constructs known to correlate with other forms of prejudice, such as racism and religious intolerance. These were: social dominance orientation; right wing authoritarianism; ethnocentrism; feelings towards other marginalised groups; personality traits of agreeableness and openness to experience; prior contact with people with mental illness; and political ideology. Four hundred and twenty-seven participants from the general population and 299 mental health professionals completed the survey. The shortened scales demonstrated construct validity through factor analysis and convergent validity through correlations with theoretically related variables in both groups. Mental health professionals demonstrated less prejudice overall than the general population. Attitudes in both groups were most negative towards people with schizophrenia and least negative towards people with depression. All proposed antecedents were correlated with prejudiced attitudes. These antecedents were also better predictors of prejudice than were any demographic or profession-related variables examined.
Holomorphic selection rules, the origin of the mu term, and thermal inflation
Creators: name: Morrissey, David E.
name: Wells, James D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When an abelian gauge theory with integer charges is spontaneously broken by the expectation value of a charge Q field, there remains a Z_Q discrete symmetry. In a supersymmetric theory, holomorphy adds additional constraints on the operators that can appear in the effective superpotential. As a result, operators with the same mass dimension but opposite sign charges can have very different coupling strengths. In the present work we characterize the operator hierarchies in the effective theory due to holomorphy, and show that there exist simple relationships between the size of an operator and its mass dimension and charge. Using such holomorphy-induced operator hierarchies, we construct a simple model with a naturally small supersymmetric mu term. This model also provides a concrete realization of late-time thermal inflation, which has the ability to solve the gravitino and moduli problems of weak-scale supersymmetry.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
Is there a prescribed parameter's space for the adiabatic geometric phase?
Creators: name: C, David J Fernandez
name: Breton, Nora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Aharonov-Anandan and Berry phases are determined for the cyclic motions of a non-relativistic charged spinless particle evolving in the superposition of the fields produced by a Penning trap and a rotating magnetic field. Discussion about the selection of the parameter's space and the relationship between the Berry phase and the symmetry of the binding potential is given.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
A proposal for detecting second order topological quantum phase
Creators: name: Buniy, Roman V.
name: Kephart, Thomas W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gaussian linking of a semiclassical path of a charged particle with a magnetic flux tube is responsible for the Aharonov-Bohm effect, where one observes interference proportional to the magnitude of the enclosed flux. We construct quantum mechanical wave functions where semiclassical paths can have second order linking to two magnetic flux tubes, and show there is interference proportional to the product of the two fluxes.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
On the Pytkeev property in spaces of continuous functions (II)
Creators: name: Tsaban, Boaz
name: Zdomskyy, Lyubomyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that for each Polish space X, the space C(X) of continuous real-valued functions on X satisfies a strong version of the Pytkeev property, if endowed with the compact-open topology. (This shows that whereas it need not be metrizable, it is "very close" to that.) We also consider the Pytkeev property in the case where C(X) is endowed with the topology of pointwise convergence.
Supplementary document for A low repetition rate optical frequency comb - 6751939.pdf
Creators: name: Canella, Francesco
name: Weitenberg, Johannes
name: Thariq, Muhammad
name: Schmid, Fabian
name: Dwivedi, Paras
name: Galzerano, Gianluca
name: Haensch, Theodor
name: Udem, Thomas
name: Ozawa, Akira
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement
Stochastic resetting antiviral therapies prevents drug resistance development
Creators: name: Ramoso, Angelo Marco
name: Magalang, Juan Antonio
name: Sánchez-Taltavull, Daniel
name: Esguerra, Jose Perico
name: Roldán, Édgar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study minimal mean-field models of viral drug resistance development in which the efficacy of a therapy is described by a one-dimensional stochastic resetting process with mixed reflecting-absorbing boundary conditions. We derive analytical expressions for the mean survival time for the virus to develop complete resistance to the drug. We show that the optimal therapy resetting rates that achieve a minimum and maximum mean survival times undergo a second and first-order phase transition-like behaviour as a function of the therapy efficacy drift. We illustrate our results with simulations of a population-dynamics model of HIV-1 infection.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
r-mode instability of neutron stars in low-mass X-ray binaries: effects of Fermi surface depletion and superfluidity of dense matter
Creators: name: Dong, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nucleon-nucleon correlation between nucleons leads to the Fermi surface depletion measured by a $Z$-factor in momentum distribution of dense nuclear matter. The roles of the Fermi surface depletion effect ($Z$-factor effect) and its quenched neutron triplet superfluidity of nuclear matter in viscosity and hence in the gravitational-wave-driven $r$-mode instability of neutron stars (NSs) are investigated. The bulk viscosity is reduced by both the two effects, especially the superfluid effect at low temperatures which is also able to reduce the inferred core temperature of NSs. Intriguingly, due to the neutron superfluidity, the core temperature of the NSs in known low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) are found to be clearly divided into two groups: high and low temperatures which correspond to NSs with short and long recurrence times for nuclear-powered bursts respectively. Yet, a large number of NSs in these LMXBs are still located in the $r$-mode instability region. If the density-dependent symmetry energy is stiff enough, the occurence of direct Urca process reduces the inferred core temperature by about one order of magnitude. Accordingly, the contradiction between the predictions and observations is alleviated to some extent, but some NSs are still located inside the unstable region.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Weak Quasi-elastic Production of Hyperons
Creators: name: Singh, S. K.
name: Vacas, M. J. Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quasielastic weak production of $Λ$ and $Σ$ hyperons from nucleons and nuclei induced by antineutrinos is studied in the energy region of some ongoing neutrino oscillation experiments in the intermediate energy region. The hyperon nucleon transition form factors determined from neutrino nucleon scattering and an analysis of high precision data on semileptonic decays of neutron and hyperons using SU(3) symmetry have been used. The nuclear effects due to Fermi motion and final state interaction effects due to hyperon nucleon scattering have also been studied. The numerical results for differential and total cross sections have been presented.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures
New cosmological solutions in hybrid metric-Palatini gravity from dynamical symmetries
Creators: name: Paliathanasis, Andronikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the existence of Liouville integrable cosmological models in hybrid metric-Palatini theory. Specifically we use the symmetry conditions for the existence of quadratic in the momentum conservation laws for the field equations as constraint conditions for the determination of the unknown functional form of the theory. The exact and analytic solutions of the integrable systems which found in this study are presented in terms of quadratics and Laurent expansions.
description: 10 pages, no figures, reference list updated, typos corrected
A history of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies 1959 -1989 : an analysis of how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people achieved control of a national research institute
Creators: name: Lambert, Jacqueline Ann
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: DU123.4.L36 2011
subject: Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies History 20th century
subject: Aboriginal Australians Social conditions
subject: Aboriginal Australians Politics and government

description: The Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies (AlAS) was set up to record Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures before they disappeared forever. Proposed by Liberal parliamentarian WC Wentworth in 1959, the Commonwealth Government established it in 1961 and made it permanent through an Act of Parliament in 1964. This history focuses on its first thirty years, ending in 1989, the year the Institute came under a new Act, which introduced changes to its character and governance. In the 1960s, the Institute's focus was on 'traditional' Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures and most research took place in remote Australia. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people had no input into the Institute's activities other than as 'informants'. By 1989, they were involved in all facets of the Institute's operations including its governance. Informed by the work of Michel Foucault on power/knowledge and truth and on governmentality, and in the context of the broader political and social environment, this thesis will explore the history of AlAS to identify the factors, both internal and external, that led to the changes. It will address the Institute's relationship with the Academy (including the conflict between academic disciplines within AlAS), and the ideological battles for its control between academics; Aboriginal people and the Academy; and Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal scholars and the government. It will seek to explain how a relatively powerless group of Aboriginal people (with the help of their non-Aboriginal supporters) managed, over time and in the face of the power of the Academy, to control the Institute.
Higher order topological actions
Creators: name: Buniy, Roman V.
name: Kephart, Thomas W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In classical mechanics, an action is defined only modulo additive terms which do not modify the equations of motion; in certain cases, these terms are topological quantities. We construct an infinite sequence of higher order topological actions and argue that they play a role in quantum mechanics, and hence can be accessed experimentally.
description: 7 pages
Methods of the Vehicle Re-identification
Creators: name: Nafzi, Mohamed
name: Brauckmann, Michael
name: Glasmachers, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most of researchers use the vehicle re-identification based on classification. This always requires an update with the new vehicle models in the market. In this paper, two types of vehicle re-identification will be presented. First, the standard method, which needs an image from the search vehicle. VRIC and VehicleID data set are suitable for training this module. It will be explained in detail how to improve the performance of this method using a trained network, which is designed for the classification. The second method takes as input a representative image of the search vehicle with similar make/model, released year and colour. It is very useful when an image from the search vehicle is not available. It produces as output a shape and a colour features. This could be used by the matching across a database to re-identify vehicles, which look similar to the search vehicle. To get a robust module for the re-identification, a fine-grained classification has been trained, which its class consists of four elements: the make of a vehicle refers to the vehicle's manufacturer, e.g. Mercedes-Benz, the model of a vehicle refers to type of model within that manufacturer's portfolio, e.g. C Class, the year refers to the iteration of the model, which may receive progressive alterations and upgrades by its manufacturer and the perspective of the vehicle. Thus, all four elements describe the vehicle at increasing degree of specificity. The aim of the vehicle shape classification is to classify the combination of these four elements. The colour classification has been separately trained. The results of vehicle re-identification will be shown. Using a developed tool, the re-identification of vehicles on video images and on controlled data set will be demonstrated. This work was partially funded under the grant.
description: Proceedings of the 2020 Intelligent Systems Conference (IntelliSys) Volume 1-3, 3-4 Sep. 2020 Amsterdam
title: Revolutionary Sn-based photoinitiators: how to combine long wavelengths with reactivity and stability
Creators: name: Haslinger, Carola
name: Liska, Robert
name: Baudis, Stefan
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2024
Subjects: Long Wavelength Photoinitiators
3D Printing
Sn-based Initiators

description: Photopolymerization finds applications in a wide variety of fields, such as coatings,[1] 3D printing,[2] dental materials[3] and many more.[4] The limitation of the thickness of the curable layers is the wavelength of the used light, as light with longer wavelengths can penetrate deeper into materials than light with shorter wavelengths.[5] Therefore, photoinitiators (PI) with red-shifted absorbance are favourable as they enable the use of light with longer wavelengths and therefore higher curing depths. This can be achieved for instance by the introduction of heteroatoms as central atom, typically P or Ge. Generally, the bathochromic shift is higher the bigger the central atom is, as can be seen for stannanes compared to Ge-based PIs.[6] In our work, we synthesized a novel tetraacylstannane with absorbance up to 560 nm, about 70 nm longer than the commercial state-of-the-art PI. Reactivity and photobleaching behaviour were also tested and resulted in outstanding properties at 460 nm compared to three reference compounds. One of the most crucial parameters is the stability, as so far, no literature-known Sn-based PI is stable enough in formulations to make it into industrial application. With our novel tetraacylstannane, we found the first Sn-based PI that is as stable as the current state-of-the-art Ge-based PI and hence fulfills all criteria for industrial photopolymerization processes.
Real-time Ship Recognition and Georeferencing for the Improvement of Maritime Situational Awareness
Creators: name: Perez, Borja Carrillo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In an era where maritime infrastructures are crucial, advanced situational awareness solutions are increasingly important. The use of optical camera systems can allow real-time usage of maritime footage. This thesis presents an investigation into leveraging deep learning and computer vision to advance real-time ship recognition and georeferencing for the improvement of maritime situational awareness. A novel dataset, ShipSG, is introduced, containing 3,505 images and 11,625 ship masks with corresponding class and geographic position. After an exploration of state-of-the-art, a custom real-time segmentation architecture, ScatYOLOv8+CBAM, is designed for the NVIDIA Jetson AGX Xavier embedded system. This architecture adds the 2D scattering transform and attention mechanisms to YOLOv8, achieving an mAP of 75.46% and an 25.3 ms per frame, outperforming state-of-the-art methods by over 5%. To improve small and distant ship recognition in high-resolution images on embedded systems, an enhanced slicing mechanism is introduced, improving mAP by 8% to 11%. Additionally, a georeferencing method is proposed, achieving positioning errors of 18 m for ships up to 400 m away and 44 m for ships between 400 m and 1200 m. The findings are also applied in real-world scenarios, such as the detection of abnormal ship behaviour, camera integrity assessment and 3D reconstruction. The approach of this thesis outperforms existing methods and provides a framework for integrating recognized and georeferenced ships into real-time systems, enhancing operational effectiveness and decision-making for maritime stakeholders. This thesis contributes to the maritime computer vision field by establishing a benchmark for ship segmentation and georeferencing research, demonstrating the viability of deep-learning-based recognition and georeferencing methods for real-time maritime monitoring.
The Weak Field Limit of the Magnetorotational Instability
Creators: name: Krolik, Julian H.
name: Zweibel, Ellen G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the behavior of the magneto-rotational instability in the limit of extremely weak magnetic field, i.e., as the ratio of ion cyclotron frequency to orbital frequency (X) becomes small. Considered only in terms of cold two-fluid theory, instability persists to arbitrarily small values of X, and the maximum growth rate is of order the orbital frequency except for the range m_e/m_i < |X| < 1, where it can be rather smaller. In this range, field aligned with rotation (X > 0) produces slower growth than anti-aligned field (X < 0). The maximum growth rate is generally achieved at smaller and smaller wavelengths as |X| diminishes. When |X| < m_e/m_i, new unstable "electromagnetic-rotational" modes appear that do not depend on the equilibrium magnetic field. Because the most rapidly-growing modes have extremely short wavelengths when |X| is small, they are often subject to viscous or resistive damping, which can result in suppressing all but the longest wavelengths, for which growth is much slower. We find that this sort of damping is likely to curtail severely the frequently-invoked mechanism for cosmological magnetic field growth in which a magnetic field seeded by the Biermann battery is then amplified by the magneto-rotational instability. On the other hand, the small |X| case may introduce interesting effects in weakly-ionized disks in which dust grains carry most of the electric charge.
description: 30 pages, including 4 figures; revised version resubmitted to ApJ
Breathy vs. clear wordlist and vowels (61 M)
Creators: name: Intanai, Thongwilai
name: Sidam, Bun
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: kdt

description: Elicitation of breathy/clear minimal pairs interspersed with other words targeting various vowels. ThwIn in background. Recorder: Zoom H4n. Microphone: C544-L Headset Microphone.
A practical approach of high precision U and Th concentration measurement in acrylic
Creators: name: Cao, Chuanya
name: Li, Nan
name: Yang, Xiaoyu
name: Zhao, Jie
name: Li, Yuanxia
name: Cai, Zhiyan
name: Wen, Liangjian
name: Luo, Xiaolan
name: Heng, Yuekun
name: Ding, Yayun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory will build the world's largest liquid scintillator detector to study neutrinos from various sources. The 20 kt liquid scintillator will be stored in a $\sim$600 t acrylic sphere with 35.4 m diameter due to the good light transparency, chemical compatibility and low radioactivity of acrylic. The concentration of U/Th in acrylic is required to be less than 1 ppt (10$^{-12}$ g/g) to achieve a low radioactive background in the fiducial volume of the JUNO detector. The mass production of acrylic has started, and the quality control requires a fast and reliable radioassay on U/Th in acrylic. We have developed a practical method of measuring U/Th in acrylic to sub-ppt level using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS). The U/Th in acrylic can be concentrated by vaporizing acrylic in a class 100 environment, and the residue will be collected and sent to ICP-MS for measuring U/Th. All the other chemical operation is done in a class 100 clean room, and the ICP-MS measurement is done in a class 1000 clean room. The recovery efficiency is studied by adding the natural nonexistent nuclei $^{229}$Th and $^{233}$U as the tracers. The resulting method detection limit (MDL) with 99% confidence can reach 0.02/0.06 pg $^{238}$U/$^{232}$Th /g acrylic with $\sim$75% recovery efficiency. This equipment and method can not only be used for the quality control of JUNO acrylic, but also be further optimized for the radioassay on other materials with extremely low radioactivity, such as ultra-pure water and liquid scintillator.
Compressed Sensing and Redundant Dictionaries
Creators: name: Rauhut, Holger
name: Schnass, Karin
name: Vandergheynst, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 15A52, 68P30, 68W25

description: This article extends the concept of compressed sensing to signals that are not sparse in an orthonormal basis but rather in a redundant dictionary. It is shown that a matrix, which is a composition of a random matrix of certain type and a deterministic dictionary, has small restricted isometry constants. Thus, signals that are sparse with respect to the dictionary can be recovered via Basis Pursuit from a small number of random measurements. Further, thresholding is investigated as recovery algorithm for compressed sensing and conditions are provided that guarantee reconstruction with high probability. The different schemes are compared by numerical experiments.
description: error in a constant corrected
Frobenius manifold structures on the spaces of abelian integrals
Creators: name: Fedorov, Roman M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53D45 (primary) 14H15, 18E30, 30F30, 32C38 (secondary)

description: Frobenius manifold structures on the spaces of abelian integrals were constructed by I. Krichever. We use D-modules, deformation theory, and homological algebra to give a coordinate-free description of these structures. It turns out that the tangent sheaf multiplication has a cohomological origin, while the Levi-Civita connection is related to 1-dimensional isomonodromic deformations.
description: Expanded version. The case of an abelian integral with multiple poles is treated. Other minor improvements. Final version
Ultra-low-dose estradiol and dydrogesterone for treatment of vasomotor symptoms in Europe and China
Creators: name: Yu, Qi
name: Stevenson, John C.
name: Tatarchuk, Tetiana
name: Nappi, Rossella E.
name: Custodio, Marcelo Graziano
name: Kahler, Elke
name: Simoncini, Tommaso
name: Yang, Junyi
name: Ren, Mulan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Among postmenopausal women, oral, ultra-low-dose continuous combined estradiol (E0.5 mg) plus dydrogesterone (D2.5 mg) reduces vasomotor symptoms (VMS). This study was a post hoc analysis of data from two phase 3, double-blind studies. Postmenopausal women were randomized 2:1:2 to receive E0.5 mg/D2.5 mg, E1 mg/D5 mg (not included in this analysis) or placebo for 13 weeks (European study), or randomized 1:1 to receive E0.5 mg/D2.5 mg or placebo for 12 weeks (Chinese study). Endpoints assessed in ethnicity subgroups (European and Chinese) included changes from baseline in number of hot flushes, number of moderate-to-severe hot flushes and Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) score. Overall, 579 women were included in the analysis (E0.5 mg/D2.5 mg, n = 288; placebo, n = 291). European and Chinese women receiving E0.5 mg/D2.5 mg experienced greater reductions from baseline in mean daily number of hot flushes and mean daily number of moderate-to-severe hot flushes at week 4, week 8 and end of treatment versus those receiving placebo. Significant improvements in the ‘hot flushes, sweating’ MRS item score were reported in both European and Chinese women. Oral, ultra-low-dose continuous combined 0.5 mg 17β-estradiol and 2.5 mg dydrogesterone improved VMS compared with placebo in European and Chinese postmenopausal women, with a positive impact on health-related quality of life.
A general approach to nonautonomous shadowing for nonlinear dynamics
Creators: name: Backes, Lucas
name: Dragičević, Davor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a nonautonomous and nonlinear differential equation \begin{equation}\label{DE} x'=A(t)x+f(t,x) \quad t\geq 0, \end{equation} on an arbitrary Banach space $X$, we formulate very general conditions for the associated linear equation $x'=A(t)x$ and for the nonlinear term $f:[0,+\infty)\times X\to X$ under which the above system satisfies an appropriate version of the shadowing property. More precisely, we require that $x'=A(t)x$ admits a very general type of dichotomy, which includes the classical hyperbolic behaviour as a very particular case. In addition, we require that $f$ is Lipschitz in the second variable with a sufficiently small Lipschitz constant. Our general framework enables us to treat various settings in which no shadowing result has been previously obtained. Moreover, we are able to recover and refine several known results. We also show how our main results can be applied to the study of the shadowing property for higher order differential equations. Finally, we conclude the paper by presenting a discrete time versions of our results.
Wave Modes in the Magnetospheres of Pulsars and Magnetars
Creators: name: Wang, Chen
name: Lai, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the wave propagation modes in the relativistic streaming pair plasma of the magnetospheres of pulsars and magnetars, focusing on the effect of vacuum polarization. We show that the combined plasma and vacuum polarization effects give rise to a vacuum resonance, where ``avoided mode crossing'' occurs between the extraordinary mode and the (superluminous) ordinary mode. When a photon propagates from the vacuum-polarization-dominated region at small radii to the plasma-dominated region at large radii, its polarization state may undergo significant change across the vacuum resonance. We map out the parameter regimes (e.g., field strength, plasma density and Lorentz factor) under which the vacuum resonance occurs and examine how wave propagation is affected by the resonance. Some possible applications of our results are discussed, including high-frequency radio emission from pulsars and possibly magnetars, and optical/IR emission from neutron star surfaces and inner magnetospheres.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures. Accepted by MNRAS
Quantum Frobenius Heisenberg categorification
Creators: name: Brundan, Jonathan
name: Savage, Alistair
name: Webster, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 18M05, Secondary 20C08

description: We associate a diagrammatic monoidal category $\mathcal{H}\textit{eis}_k(A;z,t)$, which we call the quantum Frobenius Heisenberg category, to a symmetric Frobenius superalgebra $A$, a central charge $k \in \mathbb{Z}$, and invertible parameters $z,t$ in some ground ring. When $A$ is trivial, i.e. it equals the ground ring, these categories recover the quantum Heisenberg categories introduced in our previous work, and when the central charge $k$ is zero they yield generalizations of the affine HOMFLY-PT skein category. By exploiting some natural categorical actions of $\mathcal{H}\textit{eis}_k(A;z,t)$ on generalized cyclotomic quotients, we prove a basis theorem for morphism spaces.
description: 44 pages
The "Goldilocks Hypothesis": misspecifications, omissions and errors in "Sparing land for nature"
Creators: name: DelaRosa, Rebecca Neville
name: Moore, James
name: Zemaitis, Jessica
name: M Jahi Chappell
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: The "Goldilocks hypothesis" refers to the idea of “sparing land for nature” as a version of the story of Goldilocks: that there’s an amount of food production that is “just right” such that all the rest of the world’s land-base can be saved for nature while everyone will still be fed. Unfortunately, land-use policy has nothing to do with number of people who are fed, and empirically conservation policy is neither typically nor strongly connected to either agricultural yield or food policy.  Here we attempt to address some of the failings of the land-sparing argument and propose alternatives attempting to address those failings, namely, in the areas of production, waste, equality and biodiversity.
Spectroscopic observations of a flare-related coronal jet
Creators: name: Zhang, Q. M.
name: Huang, Z. H.
name: Hou, Y. J.
name: Li, D.
name: Ning, Z. J.
name: Wu, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coronal jets are ubiquitous in active regions (ARs) and coronal holes. In this paper, we study a coronal jet related to a C3.4 circular-ribbon flare in active region 12434 on 2015 October 16. Two minifilaments were located under a 3D fan-spine structure before flare. The flare was generated by the eruption of one filament. The kinetic evolution of the jet was divided into two phases: a slow rise phase at a speed of $\sim$131 km s$^{-1}$ and a fast rise phase at a speed of $\sim$363 km s$^{-1}$ in the plane-of-sky. The slow rise phase may correspond to the impulsive reconnection at the breakout current sheet. The fast rise phase may correspond to magnetic reconnection at the flare current sheet. The transition between the two phases occurred at $\sim$09:00:40 UT. The blueshifted Doppler velocities of the jet in the Si {\sc iv} 1402.80 Å line range from -34 to -120 km s$^{-1}$. The accelerated high-energy electrons are composed of three groups. Those propagating upward along open field generate type \textrm{III} radio bursts, while those propagating downward produce HXR emissions and drive chromospheric condensation observed in the Si {\sc iv} line. The electrons trapped in the rising filament generate a microwave burst lasting for $\le$40 s. Bidirectional outflows at the base of jet are manifested by significant line broadenings of the Si {\sc iv} line. The blueshifted Doppler velocities of outflows range from -13 to -101 km s$^{-1}$. The redshifted Doppler velocities of outflows range from $\sim$17 to $\sim$170 km s$^{-1}$. Our multiwavelength observations of the flare-related jet are in favor of the breakout jet model and are important for understanding the acceleration and transport of nonthermal electrons.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Investigating Sound Content in Early Visual Cortex
Creators: name: Paton, Angus
name: Petro, Lucy
name: Muckli, Lars
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: V1 neurons receive non-feedforward input from lateral and top-down connections (Muckli & Petro, 2013). Top-down inputs to V1 originate from both visual and non-visual areas, such as auditory cortices. Auditory input to early visual cortex has been shown to contain category-specific information related to complex natural sounds (Vetter, Smith, Muckli, 2014). However, this categorical auditory information in early visual cortex was examined in the absence of visual input (i.e. subjects were blindfolded). Therefore the representation of categorical auditory information in visual cortex during concurrent visual stimulation remains unknown. Using functional brain imaging and multivoxel pattern analysis, we investigated if auditory information can be discriminated in V1 during an eyes-open fixation paradigm, while subjects were independently stimulated with complex aural and visual scenes. We also investigated similarities between auditory and visual stimuli in V1, to compare categorically-matched top-down auditory input with feedforward visual input. Lastly, we compared top-down auditory input to V1 with top-down visual input, by presenting visual scene stimuli with the lower-right quadrant occluded. We suggest that top-down expectations are shared between modalities and contain abstract categorical information. Such cross-modal information could facilitate spatial temporal expectations or more generally facilitate the brain’s inference about the external world (Mumford, 1991).
An open--quantum--system formulation of particle decay
Creators: name: Bertlmann, Reinhold A.
name: Grimus, Walter
name: Hiesmayr, Beatrix C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an open quantum system which contains unstable states. The time evolution of the system can be described by an effective non-hermitian Hamiltonian H_{eff}, in accord with the Wigner--Weisskopf approximation, and an additional term of the Lindblad form, the socalled dissipator. We show that, after enlarging the original Hilbert space by states which represent the decay products of the unstable states, the non-hermitian part of H_{eff} --the ``particle decay''-- can be incorporated into the dissipator of the enlarged space via a specific Lindblad operator. Thus the new formulation of the time evolution on the enlarged space has a hermitian Hamiltonian and is probability conserving. The equivalence of the new formulation with the original one demonstrates that the time evolution which is governed by a non-hermitian Hamiltonian and a dissipator of the Lindblad form is nevertheless completely positive, just as systems with hermitian Hamiltonians.
description: 8 pages
High temperature and pressure thermoelasticity of hcp metals from ab initio quasi-harmonic free energy calculations: the beryllium case
Creators: name: Gong, Xuejun
name: Corso, Andrea Dal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic ab initio study of the temperature and pressure dependent thermoelastic properties of hcp beryllium within the quasi-harmonic approximation (QHA). The accuracy of the Zero Static Internal Stress Approximation (ZSISA) and of the volume-constrained ZSISA that are widely applied in ab initio thermodynamic calculations are quantified. Particularly, the effect of ZSISA for the calculation of $C_{11}$ and $C_{12}$ is compared with a novel numerical approach which minimizes the free energy with respect to the atomic positions at each strain. In beryllium, minor deviations are found within ZSISA, which gives ECs in good agreement with the full free energy minimization (FFEM). A substantial difference is found between QHA and the quasi-static approximation (QSA), with the former closer to experiments. Within QSA, we compare the ECs obtained by interpolating from a set of geometries along the "stress-pressure" isotherm at $0$ K (within V-ZSISA) with a more general interpolation on a two-dimensional grid of crystal parameters which allows the calculation of the ECs along the $0$ kbar isobar. This paper provides a practical approach for the investigation of the thermoelastic properties of hcp metals at extreme conditions.