cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Minimizing gravitational lensing contributions to the primordial bispectrum covariance
Creators: name: Coulton, William R.
name: Meerburg, P. Daniel
name: Baker, David G.
name: Hotinli, Selim
name: Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J.
name: van Engelen, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The next generation of ground-based CMB experiments aim to measure temperature and polarization fluctuations up to $\ell_{\rm max} \approx 5000$ over half of the sky. Combined with Planck data on large scales, this will provide improved constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity. However, the impressive resolution of these experiments will come at a price. Besides signal confusion from galactic foregrounds, extra-galactic foregrounds and late-time gravitational effects, gravitational lensing will introduce large non-Gaussianity that can become the leading contribution to the bispectrum covariance through the connected 4-point function. Here, we compute this effect analytically for the first time on the full sky for both temperature and polarization. We compare our analytical results with those obtained directly from map-based simulations of the CMB sky for several levels of instrumental noise. Of the standard shapes considered in the literature, the local shape is most affected, resulting in a 35\% increase of the estimator standard deviation for an experiment like the Simons Observatory (SO) and a 110\% increase for a cosmic-variance limited experiment, including both temperature and polarization modes up to $\ell_{\rm max} = 3800$. Because of the nature of the lensing 4-point function, the impact on other shapes is reduced while still non negligible for the orthogonal shape. Two possible avenues to reduce the non-Gaussian contribution to the covariance are proposed. First by marginalizing over lensing contributions, such as the ISW-lensing 3pt function in temperature, and second by delensing the CMB. We show the latter method can remove almost all extra covariance, reducing the effect to below $
description: 22 pages, 9 figures. Abstract abridged
Edge dislocations in crystal structures considered as traveling waves of discrete models
Creators: name: Carpio, A.
name: Bonilla, L. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The static stress needed to depin a 2D edge dislocation, the lower dynamic stress needed to keep it moving, its velocity and displacement vector profile are calculated from first principles. We use a simplified discrete model whose far field distortion tensor decays algebraically with distance as in the usual elasticity. An analytical description of dislocation depinning in the strongly overdamped case (including the effect of fluctuations) is also given. A set of $N$ parallel edge dislocations whose centers are far from each other can depin a given one provided $N=O(L)$, where $L$ is the average inter-dislocation distance divided by the Burgers vector of a single dislocation. Then a limiting dislocation density can be defined and calculated in simple cases.
description: 10 pages, 3 eps figures, Revtex 4. Final version, corrected minor errors
Parity Doubling in the Meson Spectrum
Creators: name: Swanson, Eric S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple argument for the restoration of parity symmetry high in the hadron spectrum is presented. The restoration scale is estimated to be 2.5 GeV. This in turn implies that typical quark model phenomenology such as scalar confinement or the $^3P_0$ decay model are only useful for low lying states. Minimal requirements for constructing more general phenomenologies are discussed. An additional mass degeneracy between $J^{++}$ and $ J^{--}$ states is shown to occur and an isovector $3^{++}$ state is predicted at roughly 1700 MeV, in contradiction with the naive quark model. Similarly, isovector and isoscalar $4^{--}$ states are predicted at 2000 MeV. Finally, these results imply that Regge trajectories must become nonlinear at high spin.
description: 5 pages, revtex, no figures, no tables. Version to appear in PLB
Численное моделирование детонации в газовых смесях
Creators: name: Skob, Yurii
name: Ugryumov, Mykhaylo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91501 Computational Fluid Dynamics
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Numerical modeling of unsteady combustion of reactive gases in the detonation regime is implemented. The solution is obtained on the basis of an explicit finitedifference scheme of Godunov. The verification of the mathematical model by comparing the calculation results with the known analytical solutions of test problems of explosions in constant volume and Chapman-Jouguet detonation conditions in the pipe is completed. The distributions of pressure, temperature, concentration of the reacting gas and combustion products along the computational domain for methane and hydrogen are obtained. The detonation values of the flow parameters can be used to assess the effects of detonation explosions on the environment.
Dipole-dipole correlations and the Debye process in the dielectric response of non-associating glass forming liquids
Creators: name: Pabst, Florian
name: Helbling, Andreas
name: Gabriel, Jan
name: Weigl, Peter
name: Blochowicz, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-exponential shape of the $α$-process observed in supercooled liquids is considered as one of the hallmarks of glassy dynamics and has thus been under study for decades, but is still poorly understood. For a polar van der Waals liquid, we show here - in line with a recent theory - that dipole-dipole correlations give rise to an additional process in the dielectric spectrum slightly slower than the $α$-relaxation, which renders the resulting combined peak narrower than observed by other experimental techniques. This is reminiscent of the Debye process found in monohydroxy alcohols. The additional peak can be suppressed by weakening the dipole-dipole interaction via dilution with a nonpolar solvent.
Mapping large-scale diffuse gamma-ray emission in 10-100 TeV band with Cherenkov telescopes
Creators: name: Neronov, A.
name: Semikoz, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurement of diffuse gamma-ray emission from the Milky Way with Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) is difficult because of high level of charged cosmic ray background and small field-of-view. We show that such a measurement is nevertheless possible in the energy band 10-100 TeV. The minimal charged particle background for IACTs is achieved in event selections used for the analyses of the cosmic ray electrons. Tight cuts on the event quality in these event selections allow to achieve the background level sufficiently low to allow the measurements of the diffuse Galactic gamma-ray flux above 10 TeV. We calculate the sensitivities of different types of IACT arrays for the Galactic diffuse emission measurements and compare them with the diffuse gamma-ray flux from different parts of the sky measured by the Fermi Large Area Telescope below 3 TeV and with the astrophysical neutrino signal measured by IceCube telescope. We show that deep exposure of existing IACT systems is sufficient for detection of the diffuse flux from all the Galactic Plane up to Galactic latitude |b|~ degrees. Medium Size Telescope array of CTA will be able to detect the diffuse flux up 30 degree Galactic latitude. Its sensitivity will be sufficient for detection of the gamma-ray counterpart of the Galactic component of the IceCube astrophysical neutrino signal above 10 TeV. We also propose that a dedicated IACT system composed of small but wide field-of-view telescopes could be used for mapping the 10-100 TeV the diffuse gamma-ray emission from across all the sky.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, version accepted to A&A
Exploring the capability and limits of the feedback mechanism
Creators: name: Guo, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93B52, 93C40

description: Feedback is a most important concept in control systems, its main purpose is to deal with internal and/or external uncertainties in dynamical systems, by using the on-line observed information. Thus, a fundamental problem in control theory is to understand the maximum capability and potential limits of the feedback mechanism. This paper gives a survey of some basic ideas and results developed recently in this direction, for several typical classes of uncertain dynamical systems including parametric and nonparametric nonlinear systems, sampled-data systems and time-varying stochastic systems.
Looking for MACHOs in the Spectra of Fast Radio Bursts
Creators: name: Katz, Andrey
name: Kopp, Joachim
name: Sibiryakov, Sergey
name: Xue, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a novel search strategy for dark matter in the form of massive compact halo objects (MACHOs) such as primordial black holes or dense mini-halos in the mass range from $10^{-4}$ to 0.1 solar masses. These objects can gravitationally lens the signal of fast radio bursts (FRBs), producing a characteristic interference pattern in the frequency spectrum, similar to the previously studied femtolensing signal in gamma ray burst spectra. Unlike traditional searches using microlensing, FRB lensing will probe the abundance of MACHOs at cosmological distance scales (~Gpc) rather than just their distribution in the neighborhood of the Milky Way. The method is thus particularly relevant for dark mini-halos, which may be inaccessible to microlensing due to their finite spatial extent or tidal disruption in galaxies. We find that the main complication in FRB lensing will be interstellar scintillation in the FRB's host galaxy and in the Milky Way. Scintillation is difficult to quantify because it heavily depends on turbulence in the interstellar medium, which is poorly understood. We show that, nevertheless, for realistic scintillation parameters, FRB lensing can set competitive limits on compact dark matter object, and we back our findings with explicit simulations.
description: 34 pages, 11 figures. code available at https://github.com/andrey-katz/FRB_lensing
Revision of the properties of the GRS 1915+105 jets: Clues from the large-scale structure
Creators: name: Kaiser, Christian R.
name: Gunn, Katherine F.
name: Brocksopp, Catherine
name: Sokoloski, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The jets of GRS 1915+105 carry a considerable energy away from the central source into the ISM. The similarity of the jets of this source and jets in radio galaxies or radio-loud quasars suggests that we should detect large-scale, synchrotron emitting radio structures surrounding GRS 1915+105. However, these large structures have not been found. We show that by adapting a model for the radio lobes of extragalatic jet sources we predict a radio surface brightness of the equivalent structures of GRS 1915+105 below the current detection limits. The model uses an energy transport rate of the jets averaged over the jet lifetime. This transport rate is found to be considerably lower than the power of the jets during the rare major ejection events. Thus the lobes contain less energy than would be inferred from these events and produce a lower radio luminosity. The model also predicts a lifetime of the jets of order $10^6$ years and a gas density of the ISM in the vicinity of GRS 1915+105 of $\sim 150$ cm$^{-3}$. The impact sites of the jets are identified with two {\sc iras} regions with a flat radio spectrum located on either side of GRS 1915+105. Observations of molecular lines and dust emission from these objects are consistent with our interpretation. Distance estimates for the {\sc iras} regions give 6.5 kpc and our model implies that this is also the distance to GRS 1915+105. This low distance estimate in combination with the observed motions of jet ejections on small scales yields a jet velocity of about 0.7 c and an angle of $53^{\circ}$ of the jets to our line of sight.
description: replaced with shorter (10 pages) emulateapj version
Patterns in the multi-wavelength behavior of candidate neutrino blazars
Creators: name: Franckowiak, A.
name: Garrappa, S.
name: Paliya, V.
name: Shappee, B.
name: Stein, R.
name: Strotjohann, N. L.
name: Kowalski, M.
name: Buson, S.
name: Kiehlmann, S.
name: Max-Moerbeck, W.
name: Angioni, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the identification of the blazar TXS 0506+056 as the first promising high-energy neutrino counterpart candidate, we search for additional neutrino blazars candidates among the Fermi-LAT detected blazars. We investigate the multi-wavelength behavior from radio to GeV gamma rays of blazars found to be in spatial coincidence with single high-energy neutrinos and lower-energy neutrino flare candidates. In addition, we compare the average gamma-ray emission of the potential neutrino-emitting sources to the entire sample of gamma-ray blazars. We find that neutrino-emitting blazar candidates are statistically compatible with both hypothesis of a linear correlation and of no correlation between neutrino and gamma-ray energy flux.
description: accepted for publication by ApJ
Spatio-temporal dynamics of wormlike micelles under shear
Creators: name: Becu, L.
name: Manneville, S.
name: Colin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Velocity profiles in a wormlike micelle solution (CTAB in D2O) are recorded using ultrasound every 2 s after a step-like shear rate into the shear-banding regime. The stress relaxation occurs over more than six hours and corresponds to the very slow nucleation and growth of the high-shear band. Moreover, oscillations of the interface position with a period of about 50 s are observed during the growth process. Strong wall slip, metastable states and transient nucleation of three-band flows are also reported and discussed in light of previous experiments and theoretical models.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys.Rev.Lett
Charge fluctuations of a Cr atom probed in the optical spectra of a quantum dot
Creators: name: Besombes, L.
name: Boukari, H.
name: Tiwari, V.
name: Lafuente-Sampietro, A.
name: Sunaga, M.
name: Makita, K.
name: Kuroda, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the emission of individual quantum dots in CdTe/ZnTe samples doped with a low concentration of Cr. In addition to dots with a photoluminescence (PL) split by the exchange interaction with a magnetic Cr atom, we observe another type of dots with a complex PL structure composed of a minimum of six lines on the exciton and biexciton and three lines on the charged excitons. In these dots, the linear polarization dependence and the magnetic field dependence of the PL behave like three similar quantum dots emitting at slightly different energies. Cross-correlation intensity measurements show that these emission lines are not independent but exchange intensities in a time scale of a few hundred nanoseconds depending on the optical excitation power. We attribute this PL structure to charge fluctuations of a Cr atom located in the vicinity the CdTe dots in the ZnTe barrier. We present a model which confirms that the presence of a single charge fluctuating between -e (Cr$^{+}$), 0 (Cr$^{2+}$) and +e (Cr$^{3+}$) and located a few nm away from the dot explains the observation of three emission energies. We finally show that the interaction between the confined carriers and the nearby fluctuating localized charge can be modified by an applied static electric field which modulates the splitting of the emission lines.
Nonlinear effects in E$\otimes(b_1+b_2)$ Jahn-Teller model: Variational approach with excited phonon states and mode correlations
Creators: name: Majernikova, Eva
name: Shpyrko, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interplay of nonlinear and quantum effects in the ground state of the E$\otimes (b_1+b_2)$ Jahn-Teller model was investigated by the {\it variational approach and exact numerical simulations}. They result in the recognition of (i) importance of the admixture of {\it the first excited state of the displaced harmonic oscillator} of the symmetric phonon mode in the ground state of the system in the selftrapping-dominated regime; (ii) existence of {\it the region of localized $b_1$-undisplaced oscillator states} in the tunneling-dominated regime. The effect (i) occurs owing to significant decrease of the ground state energy on account of the overlapping contribution of the symmetric phonon mode between the states of the same parity. This contribution considerably improves variational results especially in the selftrapping-dominated regime. Close to the E$\otimes$e limit, the nonlinear effects of {\it two-mode correlations} turn to be effective due to the rotational symmetry of this case. In the tunneling-dominated regime the phonon wave functions behave like the strongly localized harmonic oscillator ground state and the effect (i) looses its significance.
description: 28 pages,6 figures
Investigații funcționale: Spirometria
Creators: name: MUNTEAN, PETRU EMIL
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine

description: Spirometria este un test simplu, nedureros si foarte precis prin care se apreciază funcția pulmonară a unei persoane. Această explorare este recomandată de ghidurile naționale și internaționale drept GOLD Standard pentru diagnosticul BronhoPneumopatiei Obstructive Cronice (BPOC) și pentru diagnosticul și monitorizarea și altor afecțiuni cronice ale bronhiilor și plămânilor, pentru evaluarea riscului preoperator și de barotraumă ori pentru determinarea reactivității bronșice sau pentru a vedea cât de bine acționează medicamentele administrate pacienților cu probleme respiratorii. Determinările se realizează cu ajutorul unui aparat numit Spirometru, care arată cât de mult aer intră în plămâni și cât de mult aer poate intra sau ieși din
plămân, iar datele sunt transmise către un computer, unde sunt stocate și analizate. Situațiile în care spirometria nu trebuie realizată sunt angina pectorală instabilă, anevrismele abdominale, cerebrale și toracice, hemoptiziile, pneumotoraxul și trombembolismele pulmonare recente. Contraindicația absolută a spirometriei este infarctul
miocardic acut în antecedentele recente, de până la o lună.
Searches for Decays of New Particles in the DUNE Multi-Purpose Near Detector
Creators: name: Berryman, Jeffrey M.
name: de Gouvêa, André
name: Fox, Patrick J.
name: Kayser, Boris J.
name: Kelly, Kevin J.
name: Raaf, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One proposed component of the upcoming Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) near detector complex is a multi-purpose, magnetized, gaseous argon time projection chamber: the Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD). We explore the new-physics potential of the MPD, focusing on scenarios in which the MPD is significantly more sensitive to new physics than a liquid argon detector, specifically searches for semi-long-lived particles that are produced in/near the beam target and decay in the MPD. The specific physics possibilities studied are searches for dark vector bosons mixing kinetically with the Standard Model hypercharge group, leptophilic vector bosons, dark scalars mixing with the Standard Model Higgs boson, and heavy neutral leptons that mix with the Standard Model neutrinos. We demonstrate that the MPD can extend existing bounds in most of these scenarios. We illustrate how the ability of the MPD to measure the momentum and charge of the final state particles leads to these bounds.
description: 51 pages + 2 appendices, 33 figures
Investigații funcționale: Puncția pleurală
Creators: name: MUNTEAN, PETRU EMIL
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine

description: Puncția pleurală este o procedură percutană, în care un ac sau cateter este trecut în spațiul pleural pentru evacuarea lichidului pleural în scop diagnostic, evacuator și terapeutic. În practica zilnică este urmată cel mai adesea de evacuarea completă a lichidului pleural, transformând o puncție inițial diagnostică în una terapeutică. Procedura în sine este în general sigură atunci când este efectuată de către medici cu experiență și se respectă anumite reguli de bază. Toracenteza este recomandată în cazul bolilor inflamatorii, tumori pulmonare, insuficiență cardiacă însoțită de colecții lichidiene în cavitatea pleurală, astfel încât să fie eliminată presiunea pe care lichidul pleural o poate exercita asupra plămânului sau a inimii, împiedicându-le să funcționeze normal. Procedura este contraindicată în tulburări de coagulare a sângelui sau dacă pacientul se află sub tratament cu anticoagulante. Puncția pleurală este o tehnică de bază, care trebuie sa fie cunoscută și să poată fi executată în siguranță de aproape toate specialitățile clinice.
A computer verification of the Kepler conjecture
Creators: name: Hales, Thomas C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C17

description: The Kepler conjecture asserts that the density of a packing of congruent balls in three dimensions is never greater than $π/\sqrt{18}$. A computer assisted verification confirmed this conjecture in 1998. This article gives a historical introduction to the problem. It describes the procedure that converts this problem into an optimization problem in a finite number of variables and the strategies used to solve this optimization problem.
Gauge coupling beta functions to four-loop order in the Standard Model
Creators: name: Davies, Joshua
name: Herren, Florian
name: Poole, Colin
name: Steinhauser, Matthias
name: Thomsen, Anders Eller
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the beta functions of the three Standard Model gauge couplings to four-loop order in the modified minimal subtraction scheme. At this order a proper definition of $γ_5$ in $D=4-2ε$ space-time dimensions is required; however, in our calculation we determine the $γ_5$-dependent terms by exploiting relations with beta function coefficients at lower loop orders.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Contribution of point sources to the soft gamma-ray Galactic emission
Creators: name: Terrier, Regis
name: Lebrun, Francois
name: Belanger, Guillaume
name: Goldwurm, Andrea
name: Strong, Andrew W.
name: Schoenfelder, Volker
name: Bouchet, Laurent
name: Roques, Jean-Pierre
name: Parmar, Arvind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the soft gamma-ray (20-200 keV) Galactic emission has been a matter of debate for a long time. Previous experiments have tried to separate the point source contribution from the real interstellar emission, but with a rather poor spatial resolution, they concluded that the interstellar emission could be a large fraction of the total Galactic emission. INTEGRAL, having both high resolution and high sensitivity, is well suited to reassess more precisely this problem. Using the INTEGRAL core program Galactic Center Deep Exposure (GCDE), we estimate the contribution of detected point sources to the total Galactic flux.
description: Proceedings of the 5th INTEGRAL Workshop, Munich 16-20 February 2004. ESA SP-552
Investigations on the etiology of sepsis
Creators: name: MUNTEAN, PETRU EMIL
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine

description: Background: Sepsis can be defined as the bodys reaction to infection (bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic) which may lead to systemic inflamatory reaction and eventually organ disfunction and/or failure. The second place of sepsis after infection is represented by bacteremia caused by this microbe in the blood and objectified by positive blood cultures, which can be transient. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in diagnosis and treatment of sepsis, septic shock, but remains urinary the most common cause of death in patient with urologic pathology. Objective: Microorganisms present in the bloodstream was a marker for this paper in sepsis etiology objectification. Material and methods: we performed a retrospective study during 20.02.2011-21.02.2012 on a group of 603 patients admitted to City Hospital Targu Mures. Results: of all patients, 49 are men/ 33 are women, the age distribution of patients showed that all segments of age are interested. The average hospitalization was 9 days, with limits between 7 and 21 days. The etiology cases of sepsis varied: 23.17% Escherichia coli; 14.63% Staphylococcus hominis; 13.41% Staphylococcus epidermidis; 9.75% Klebsiella pneumoniae of a total of 82 positive cultures. The pathogen etiology was possible only in 13.59% of all cultures analyzed. Gram negative is frequently involved in causing sepsis compared with Gram positive. Conclusions: the study group analysis provided the following conclusions:- sepsis is an important cause of mortality in any medical service;- the most important microorganism was Escherichia coli;- urosepsis represented 17.07% of the 82 positive blood cultures.
A Q-operator for open spin chains I: Baxter's TQ relation
Creators: name: Vlaar, Bart
name: Weston, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 81R10, 81R12, 81R50, Secondary 16T05, 16T25, 39B42

description: We construct a Q-operator for the open XXZ Heisenberg quantum spin chain with diagonal boundary conditions and give a rigorous derivation of Baxter's TQ relation. Key roles in the theory are played by a particular infinite-dimensional solution of the reflection equation and by short exact sequences of intertwiners of the standard Borel subalgebras of $U_q(\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}_2})$. The resulting Bethe equations are the same as those arising from Sklyanin's algebraic Bethe ansatz.
description: 42 pages; added more references, corrected some typos, added Appendix D
Stabilization of Ultracold Molecules Using Optimal Control Theory
Creators: name: Koch, Christiane P.
name: Palao, José P.
name: Kosloff, Ronnie
name: Masnou-Seeuws, Françoise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent experiments on ultracold matter, molecules have been produced from ultracold atoms by photoassociation, Feshbach resonances, and three-body recombination. The created molecules are translationally cold, but vibrationally highly excited. This will eventually lead them to be lost from the trap due to collisions. We propose shaped laser pulses to transfer these highly excited molecules to their ground vibrational level. Optimal control theory is employed to find the light field that will carry out this task with minimum intensity. We present results for the sodium dimer. The final target can be reached to within 99% if the initial guess field is physically motivated. We find that the optimal fields contain the transition frequencies required by a good Franck-Condon pumping scheme. The analysis is able to identify the ranges of intensity and pulse duration which are able to achieve this task before other competing process take place. Such a scheme could produce stable ultracold molecular samples or even stable molecular Bose-Einstein condensates.
title: Statistisches Jahrbuch der Stadt Zürich 1945
title: Stat. Jahrb. Stadt Zür.
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Buchdruckerei Berichthaus Zürich
Year: 1946
Subjects: subject: 314 Allgemeine Statistiken zu Europa
subject: Amtliche Statistik
subject: Bevölkerungsstatistik
subject: Wirtschaftsstatistik
subject: Baustatistik
subject: Stadtleben
subject: Zürich

description: Die in dieser Ausgabe publizierten Daten beziehen sich zum grössten Teil auf folgenden Zeitabschnitt : 1945
description: Wie bereits im Vorjahr wurde auch in dieser Ausgabe die Lohnstatistik weiter ausgebaut und ergänzt. Zudem wurde die Fremdenverkehrsstatistik erstmals mit Ankünften und Übernachtungen nach Hotelkategorien ergänzt.
Rhythms of the nervous system: mathematical themes and variations
Creators: name: Kopell, Nancy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 37N25, 92C20

description: The nervous system displays a variety of rhythms in both waking and sleep. These rhythms have been closely associated with different behavioral and cognitive states, but it is still unknown how the nervous system makes use of these rhythms to perform functionally important tasks. To address those questions, it is first useful to understood in a mechanistic way the origin of the rhythms, their interactions, the signals which create the transitions among rhythms, and the ways in which rhythms filter the signals to a network of neurons. This talk discusses how dynamical systems have been used to investigate the origin, properties and interactions of rhythms in the nervous system. It focuses on how the underlying physiology of the cells and synapses of the networks shape the dynamics of the network in different contexts, allowing the variety of dynamical behaviors to be displayed by the same network. The work is presented using a series of related case studies on different rhythms. These case studies are chosen to highlight mathematical issues, and suggest further mathematical work to be done. The topics include: different roles of excitation and inhibition in creating synchronous assemblies of cells, different kinds of building blocks for neural oscillations, and transitions among rhythms. The mathematical issues include reduction of large networks to low dimensional maps, role of noise, global bifurcations, use of probabilistic formulations.
Quasi-stationary states in low-dimensional Hamiltonian systems
Creators: name: Baldovin, Fulvio
name: Brigatti, Edgardo
name: Tsallis, Constantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address a simple connection between results of Hamiltonian nonlinear dynamical theory and thermostatistics. Using a properly defined dynamical temperature in low-dimensional symplectic maps, we display and characterize long-standing quasi-stationary states that eventually cross over to a Boltzmann-Gibbs-like regime. As time evolves, the geometrical properties (e.g., fractal dimension) of the phase space change sensibly, and the duration of the anomalous regime diverges with decreasing chaoticity. The scenario that emerges is consistent with the nonextensive statistical mechanics one.
description: Latex, 11 pages, 4 figures
Bayesian inference of chaotic dynamics by merging data assimilation, machine learning and expectation-maximization
Creators: name: Bocquet, Marc
name: Brajard, Julien
name: Carrassi, Alberto
name: Bertino, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reconstruction from observations of high-dimensional chaotic dynamics such as geophysical flows is hampered by (i) the partial and noisy observations that can realistically be obtained, (ii) the need to learn from long time series of data, and (iii) the unstable nature of the dynamics. To achieve such inference from the observations over long time series, it has been suggested to combine data assimilation and machine learning in several ways. We show how to unify these approaches from a Bayesian perspective using expectation-maximization and coordinate descents. In doing so, the model, the state trajectory and model error statistics are estimated all together. Implementations and approximations of these methods are discussed. Finally, we numerically and successfully test the approach on two relevant low-order chaotic models with distinct identifiability.
Fractional generalization of the Ginzburg-Landau equation: An unconventional approach to critical phenomena in complex media
Creators: name: Milovanov, Alexander V.
name: Rasmussen, Jens J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Equations built on fractional derivatives prove to be a powerful tool in the description of complex systems when the effects of singularity, fractal supports, and long-range dependence play a role. In this paper, we advocate an application of the fractional derivative formalism to a fairly general class of critical phenomena when the organization of the system near the phase transition point is influenced by a competing nonlocal ordering. Fractional modifications of the free energy functional at criticality and of the widely known Ginzburg-Landau equation central to the classical Landau theory of second-type phase transitions are discussed in some detail. An implication of the fractional Ginzburg-Landau equation is a renormalization of the transition temperature owing to the nonlocality present.
description: 10 pages, improved content, submitted for publication to Phys. Lett. A
On the maxima of continuous and discrete time Gaussian order statistics processes
Creators: name: Tan, Zhongquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F05, 60G15

description: In this paper, we study the asymptotic relation between the maximum of acontinuous order statistics process formed by stationary Gaussian processesand the maximum of this process sampled at discrete time points. It is shown that, these two maxima are asymptotically independent when the Gaussian processes are weakly dependent and the discrete points are sufficient sparse, while for other case, these two maxima are asymptotically dependent.
description: 18
Ultimate Precision of Direct Tomography of Wave Functions
Creators: name: Nguyen, Xuan-Hoai Thi
name: Choi, Mahn-Soo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In contrast to the standard quantum state tomography, the direct tomography seeks the direct access to the complex values of the wave function at particular positions (i.e., the expansion coefficient in a fixed basis). Originally put forward as a special case of weak measurement, it can be extended to arbitrary measurement setup. We generalize the idea of "quantum metrology," where a real-valued phase is estimated, to the estimation of complex-valued phase, and apply it for the direct tomography of the wave function. It turns out that the reformulation can help us easily find the optimal measurements for efficient estimation. We further propose two different measurement schemes that eventually approach the Heisenberg limit. In the first scheme, the ensemble of measured system is duplicated and the replica ensemble is time-reversal transformed before the start of the measurement. In the other method, the pointers are prepared in special entangled states, either GHZ-like maximally entangled state or the symmetric Dicke state. In both methods, the real part of the parameter is estimated with a Ramsey-type interferometry while the imaginary part is estimated by amplitude measurements.
description: 15 pages; 1 figure
A timing study of MAXI J1820+070 based on Swift/XRT and NICER monitoring in 2018/19
Creators: name: Stiele, H.
name: Kong, A. K. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed timing analysis of the bright black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070 (ASASSN-18ey), during its first detected outburst lasting from March 2018 until October 2019 based on Swift/XRT window timing mode observations, corresponding UVOT data and NICER observations. The light curves clearly show four outbursts, with the source remaining in the hard state during its first outburst, while the rise of the second outburst corresponds with the transition to the soft state. A similar double outburst of GX339-4 has been observed in 2004. Here it is followed by two hard-state only outbursts. In many observations the power density spectra showed type-C quasi-periodic oscillations with characteristic frequencies below 1 Hz, which suggests that the source stayed in a state of low effective accretion for large parts of its outburst. The absence of other types of quasi-periodic oscillations hinders a precise determination of the state transitions, but from combining NICER and Swift/XRT data, we find that MAXI J1820+070 went from the hard-intermediate to the soft state in less than one day. The covariance ratios derived from NICER data show an increase towards lower energies, which indicate that the source should make a transition to the soft state. This transition finally took place, after MAXI J1820+070 stayed in the hard state at rather constant luminosity for about 116 days. The steepness of the increase of the covariance ratios is not correlated with the amount of rms variability and it does not show a monotonic evolution along the outburst.
description: 15 pages (+20 pages appendix), 11 figures, accepted by ApJ
Pattern Recognition and Event Reconstruction in Particle Physics Experiments
Creators: name: Mankel, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This report reviews methods of pattern recognition and event reconstruction used in modern high energy physics experiments. After a brief introduction into general concepts of particle detectors and statistical evaluation, different approaches in global and local methods of track pattern recognition are reviewed with their typical strengths and shortcomings. The emphasis is then moved to methods which estimate the particle properties from the signals which pattern recognition has associated. Finally, the global reconstruction of the event is briefly addressed.
description: 101 pages, 58 figures
Shaping caustics into propagation-invariant light
Creators: name: Zannotti, Alessandro
name: Denz, Cornelia
name: Alonso, Miguel A.
name: Dennis, Mark R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structured light has revolutionized optical particle manipulation and nano-scale material processing. In particular, propagation-invariant structured light fields, such as Bessel beams, have enabled applications that require robust intensity distributions. Their self-healing nature facilitates imaging with enhanced resolution e.g. in light-sheet microscopy. The prominent high-intensity features of propagation-invariant fields such as Airy, Bessel, and Mathieu beams can be understood in terms of caustics. While these beams have found many applications in material processing and trapping, these technologies would greatly benefit from structured, controllable intensities in a variety of shapes well beyond the standard families of propagation-invariant beams. Here we generalize propagation-invariant beams by tailoring their caustics through two different methods. We illustrate these approaches by implementing various tailored propagation-invariant beams experimentally, whose patterns range from simple geometric shapes to complex configurations such as words. This approach clarifies that the known solutions are a small subset of a far more general set of propagation-invariant fields with intensity maxima concentrated around any desired curve.
The Effect of Specific Factors on Bank Profitability: Evidence from Nepalese Banks
Creators: name: Budhathoki, Prem Bahadur
name: Rai, Chandra Kumar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper examines the impact of assets quality, capital adequacy ratio, assets diversification and operating efficiency on banks’ profitability. This study employs bank scope data of eight commercial banks during the period of 2002/03 – 2016/17. Altogether, there are 96 observations are made in the study. The ordinary least squares model is used to analyze the data. The results indicate that three predictor variables assets quality, operating efficiency, and capital adequacy ratio significantly affect bank profitability. But the predictor variable diversification does not affect banks’ profitability significantly. The results of this study help the bankers and policymakers to take effective action in order to improve banks’ profitability.
Analysis of energetic models for rate-independent materials
Creators: name: Mielke, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74 C 15

description: We consider rate-independent models which are defined via two functionals: the time-dependent energy-storage functional $\calI:[0,T]\ti X\to [0,\infty]$ and the dissipation distance $\calD:X\ti X\to[0,\infty]$. A function $z:[0,T]\to X$ is called a solution of the {energetic model}, if for all $0\leq s
Umm Wikalah Main Building plan
Creators: name: Sidebotham Et Al.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: The Principia in the western part of the settlement in Wadi Umm Wikala
An Integrated Model for Career Preferences of the Graduates in Bangladesh Taskina Ali
Creators: name: Taskina Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Economics

description: Career selection is one of the most crucial decision made by potential incumbents and graduates in the business world. This decision is generally influenced by the factors like internal (cognitive ability, emotional ability, psychomotor skills) and external environmental (socio-economic condition, academic orientation, motivational factors, urban-rural background, etc.). Little studies have been done on the employment market, job situations, the process and the factors affecting career preferences of business graduates in Bangladesh. The proposed study aims at gaining a better understanding about the career preferences of business graduates in our country. It also intends to identify and analyze the determinants of career choices and find out the relevant major determinants with particular focus on the private and public sectors of Bangladesh. More specifically the study will focus on whether career preferences by the business graduates of Bangladesh are dependent on their family income level, gender, age, educational background, geographical location, individual cognitive ability, emotional intelligence, ethics, values, types of organization and employer’s characteristics. It is further intended to focus on the pattern of variation in career preferences by the business graduates vary due to educational institutional orientation. The study is exploratory in nature. The extensive literature review suggests that, the career preferences of graduates are influenced by their family orientation, educational level, emotional attachment, cognitive ability, organization’s reputation, age, gender.
Pulsating Strings on AdS_5 x S^5
Creators: name: Smedbäck, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find the anomalous dimension and the conserved charges of an R-charged string pulsating on AdS_5. The analysis is performed both on the gauge and string side, where we find agreement at the one-loop level. Furthermore, the solution is shown to be related by analytic continuation to a string which is pulsating on S^5, thus providing an example of the close relationship between the respective isometry groups.
description: 14 pages. v2: minor changes, references added. v3: references added and updated
Finding binary black holes in the Milky Way with LISA
Creators: name: Sesana, Alberto
name: Lamberts, Astrid
name: Petiteau, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the main properties of the Galactic binary black hole (BBH) population detectable by LISA and strategies to distinguish them from the much more numerous white dwarf binaries. We simulate BBH populations based on cosmological simulations of Milky Way-like galaxies and binary evolution models. We then determine their gravitational wave emission as observed by LISA and build mock catalogs. According to our model LISA will detect $\approx4(6)$ binary black holes assuming 4(10) years of operations. Those figures grow to $\approx6(9)$ when models are re-normalized to the inferred LIGO/Virgo merger rates. About 40\%(70\%) of the sources will have a good enough chirp mass measurement to separate them from the much lighter white dwarf and neutron star binaries. Most of the remaining sources should be identifiable by their lack of electromagnetic counterpart within $\approx100$ pc. These results are robust with respect to the current uncertainties of the BBH merger rate as measured by LIGO/Virgo as well as the global mass spectrum of the binaries. We determine there is a 94 per cent chance that LISA finds at least one of these systems, which will allow us to pinpoint the conditions where they were formed and possibly find unique electromagnetic signatures.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, submitted to MNRAS Letters
Vortex structure in d-density wave scenario of pseudogap
Creators: name: Maska, Maciej M.
name: Mierzejewski, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the vortex structure assuming the d-density wave scenario of the pseudogap. We discuss the profiles of the order parameters in the vicinity of the vortex, effective vortex charge and the local density of states. We find a pronounced modification of these quantities when compared to a purely superconducting case. Results have been obtained for a clean system as well as in the presence of a nonmagnetic impurity. We show that the competition between superconductivity and the density wave may explain some experimental data recently obtained for high-temperature superconductors. In particular, we show that the d-density wave scenario explains the asymmetry of the gap observed in the vicinity of the vortex core.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures