cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SiO Maser Survey of the Inner Bar of the Galactic Bulge
Creators: name: Fujii, Takahiro
name: Deguchi, Shuji
name: Izumiura, Hideyuki
name: Kameya, Osamu
name: Miyazaki, Atsushi
name: Nakada, Yoshikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We surveyed 291 MSX/2MASS infrared objects in the 7 x 2 deg area of the galactic center in the 43 GHz SiO J=1--0 v=1 and 2 maser lines, obtaining accurate radial velocities of 163 detected objects. The surveyed area is the region where the IRAS catalog is incomplete due to contamination by high source density. The objects in the present MSX/2MASS sample were chosen to have similar infrared characteristics to those of the previous SiO-maser-survey samples based on the color selected IRAS sources. The sampling based on the 2MASS catalog causes a bias to the foreside objects of the bulge due to heavy obscuration by interstellar dust; the detections are considerably leaned on the V_{lsr}<0 side. The l--v diagram reveals two conspicuous features, which were not present or tenuous in the previous studies: one feature indicating a linear velocity increase with longitude with |l|<1.5 deg, which is likely associated with the inner bar, and the other feature having considerably eccentric velocities more than those of the normal x_1-orbit family feature. The extinction-corrected K magnitudes (if used as a distance modulus) tend to show a sequential deposition of these objects along the line of sight toward the Galactic center depending on their radial velocities. The tendency that appeared in the distance measures is consistent with the bulge-bar dynamical model utilizing the periodic orbit families in the bar potential.
description: Full high resolution figures available as NRO report No.638 at http://www.nro.nao.ac.jp/library/report/list.html. PASJ 58, No. 3 (June 25 issue in press)
Morality in migration : duties of inclusion and exclusion
Creators: name: Ferracioli, Luara Leite
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: JV6271.F47 2011
subject: Emigration and immigration Government policy
subject: Immigrants Government policy

description: My thesis focuses on two questions regarding the permanent movement of persons across international borders: (1) Do states have a right to grant or deny membership to prospective immigrants?; and (2) If states have this right, are there moral requirements regarding how they may exercise it? I begin by discussing and providing a critique of the work of theorists that have advocated open borders arrangements under which states would no longer enjoy rights to allocate membership. I argue that states should have a right to design their own immigration policies given the importance of freedom of association to their exercise of self-determination. Notwithstanding this right, however, I argue that states have positive and negative moral responsibilities to vulnerable people, and this can have implications for the immigration policies which they can permissibly adopt. In particular, I argue that states have a duty to include highly vulnerable people who can only be assisted through immigration so long as they can do so at moderate cost, and that they have a negative duty to exclude prospective immigrants if their departure would contribute to severe and foreseen deprivation in their country of origin.
Proteins and polymers
Creators: name: Banavar, Jayanth R.
name: Hoang, Trinh Xuan
name: Maritan, Amos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proteins, chain molecules of amino acids, behave in ways which are similar to each other yet quite distinct from standard compact polymers. We demonstrate that the Flory theorem, derived for polymer melts, holds for compact protein native state structures and is not incompatible with the existence of structured building blocks such as $α$-helices and $β$-strands. We present a discussion on how the notion of the thickness of a polymer chain, besides being useful in describing a chain molecule in the continuum limit, plays a vital role in interpolating between conventional polymer physics and the phase of matter associated with protein structures.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
A novel approach to the localization and the estimate of radioactivity in contaminated waste packages via imaging techniques
Creators: name: Pastena, Michele
name: Weinhorst, Bastian
name: Kanisch, Günter
name: Lezama, Edgar Perez
name: Ratdke, Johannes
name: Thomas, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dismantling nuclear power plants entails the production of a large amount of contaminated (or potentially contaminated) material whose disposal is of crucial importance. Most of the end products have to be stored in special repositories but it can happen that some of them are slightly contaminated or not contaminated at all, making it possible to free release them. One possible approach to free release measurements uses Large Clearance Monitors, chambers surrounded by plastic scintillation detectors that allow a decision about the clearance of waste packages up to 1000 kg. Due to the composite nature of the detectors in a Large Clearance Monitor, it is easy to imagine that one can apply 3D imaging algorithms to localize radioactive sources inside a waste package. In this work we will show how a special algorithm that maximizes the conditional informational entropy allows decisions about the clearance of portions of the sample.
description: 15 pages
Differences in physical pain, psychological functioning, and negative impression management across gender and trauma group among three Australian compensation-seeking samples
Creators: name: Ness, Alex Adam
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: RC451.4.V53 N47 2010
subject: Accident victims Australia
subject: Victims of crimes Australia
subject: Accident victims Mental health Australia
subject: Victims of crime Mental health Australia
subject: Accident victims Rehabilitation Australia
subject: Victims of crime Rehabilitation Australia
subject: Compensation (Law) Australia

description: This study sought to examine physical pain and psychological presentations of Australian compensation-seeking samples comprising motor vehicle accident survivors (n=242), workplace accident survivors (n=151), and victims of crime (n=94). A major objective was to investigate whether physical pain, prevalence of PTSD and major depressive disorder, and psychological functioning differ between people from these trauma groups. This study also examined whether there were gender differences in reported physical pain, psychological diagnoses, and psychological functioning. Furthermore, given that compensation-seeking samples were examined in this study, another objective was to establish the extent to which negative impression management underpinned reported physical pain and psychological functioning. This study analysed de-identified archival data (N=487) from a psychology practice in an Australian city. Findings indicated that both motor vehicle accident survivors and workplace accident survivors reported more physical pain than victims of crime. A diagnosis of both PTSD and major depressive disorder was more prevalent among victims of crime compared to the other trauma groups. Victims of crime also had higher mean scores on Personality Assessment Inventory scales that are conceptually related to PTSD symptomatology than both motor vehicle accident survivors and workplace accident survivors. Additionally, findings offered limited evidence to suggest that negative impression management underpinned reported physical pain. However, findings offered evidence to suggest that negative impression management underpinned reported psychological functioning. Findings in this study pose practical implications for health professionals when assessing and treating people seeking compensation for injuries sustained in motor vehicle accidents, workplace accidents, and criminal victimisation.
Where is the Radiation Edge in Magnetized Black Hole Accretion discs?
Creators: name: Beckwith, Kris
name: Hawley, John
name: Krolik, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General Relativistic (GR) Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of black hole accretion find significant magnetic stresses near and inside the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO), suggesting that such flows could radiate in a manner noticeably different from the prediction of the standard model, which assumes that there are no stresses in that region. We provide estimates of how phenomenologically interesting parameters like the ``radiation edge", the innermost ring of the disc from which substantial thermal radiation escapes to infinity, may be altered by stresses near the ISCO. These estimates are based on data from a large number of three-dimensional GRMHD simulations combined with GR ray-tracing. For slowly spinning black holes ($a/M<0.9$), the radiation edge lies well inside where the standard model predicts, particularly when the system is viewed at high inclination. For more rapidly spinning black holes, the contrast is smaller. At fixed total luminosity, the characteristic temperature of the accretion flow increases between a factor of $1.2-2.4$ over that predicted by the standard model, whilst at fixed mass accretion rate, there is a corresponding enhancement of the accretion luminosity which may be anywhere from tens of percent to order unity. When all these considerations are combined, we find that, for fixed black hole mass, luminosity, and inclination angle, our uncertainty in the characteristic temperature of the radiation reaching distant observers due to uncertainty in dissipation profile (around a factor of 3) is {\it greater} than the uncertainty due to a complete lack of knowledge of the black hole's spin (around a factor of 2) and furthermore that spin estimates based on the stress-free inner boundary condition provide an upper limit to $a/M$.
description: 20 pages, 17 figures, accepted by MNRAS; major changes to original, including entirely new sections discussing characteristic temperature of black hole accretion flows and implications for measurements of black hole spin, along with substantially expanded conclusion
An energy landscape model for glass forming liquids in three dimensions
Creators: name: Pedersen, Ulf R.
name: Hecksher, Tina
name: Dyre, Jeppe C.
name: Schrøder, Thomas B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a three-dimensional lattice-gas model with trivial thermodynamics, but nontrivial dynamics. The model is characterized by each particle having its own random energy landscape. The equilibrium dynamics of the model were investigated by continuous time Monte Carlo simulations at two different densities at several temperatures. At high densities and low temperatures the model captures the important characteristics of viscous liquid dynamics. We thus observe non-exponential relaxation in the self part of the density auto-correlation function, and fragility plots of the self-diffusion constant and relaxation times show non-Arrhenius behavior.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, Submitted for proceedings of the 5th IDMRCS
The Effect of a Magnetic Field on the Acoustoelectric current in a Narrow Channel
Creators: name: Zimbovskaya, Natalya A.
name: Gumbs, Godfrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of a perpendicular magnetic field on the quantized current induced by a surface acoustic wave in a quasi-1D channel is studied. The channel has been produced experimentally in a GaAs heterostructure by shallow etching techniques and by the application of a negative gate voltage to Schottky split gates. Commensurability oscillations of the quantized current in this constriction have been observed in the interval of current between quantized plateaus. The results can be understood in terms of a moving quantum dot with the electron in the dot tunneling into the adjacent two-dimensional region. The goal is to explain qualitatively the mechanism for the steplike nature of the acoustoelectric current as a function of gate voltage and the oscillations when a magnetic field is applied. A transfer Hamiltonian formalism is employed.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
'Body work' : a history of sport and physical culture in colonial and postcolonial Laos
Creators: name: Creak, Simon Richard
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: GV660.63.L28 C74 2010
subject: Sports History 20th centuryLaos
subject: Physical education and training History 20th centuryLaos

description: This study investigates the importance of physical culture in modern Laos, and the variety of local, regional and global forces that have shaped it. 'Body work' practices, including sport, physical education and military training, and the ideas on which they are based, have placed gender and the body at the centre of colonial, postcolonial and socialist subjectivity. The ubiquity of these ideas and practices throughout the twentieth century has demonstrated an on-going concern with physicality, transformed by the cosmologies, epistemologies and ideologies that have created the modem states and cultures of Laos. ey concern in modern societies. Sport and physical culture has in turn given material and aesthetic expression to the rich variety of twentieth-century events and cultural forces that have shaped the colonial territory and nation, including pre-colonial cosmogonies, colonialism, the Second World War, the First and Second Indochina Wars, nationalism, the Cold War, revolutionary socialism, market-based development under post-socialism, and successive varieties of regionalism and globalisation. These findings highlight a global interconnectedness that belies the image of 'untouched' Laos, offering insights into the importance of transnational physical cultures in other colonial and postcolonial societies. The study employs a multi-disciplinary approach, combining cultural history, cultural anthropology, gender studies, global studies, visual studies and sports studies, and draws on a range of sources, including Lao and French archives, ethnographic writing, newspapers, magazines, cartoons and photography. This blend of textual and visual sources reveals how physicality is represented and regarded, both rhetorically and aesthetically, as a key concern in modern societies.
Interactive Handbook: Engagement and Partnerships for Outstanding Open Science Communication
Creators: name: Zolotonosa, Maria
name: Creek, Michael
name: Marín-González, Esther
name: Luís, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: ENJOI
handbook
co-creation
methodologies
innovation
journalism
science communication

description: This deliverable reports on the work carried out in the EU-funded project ENJOI (WP3). Specifically, it presents the results of task 3.4 “Nurturing exploitable and transferable resources” led by Stickydot (SD), in collaboration with FCiências.ID (FC.ID) and Formicablu (FB). The main objective of this task was to showcase the co-creation methodologies developed within the project in the form of an interactive handbook.

The interactive handbook, “Engagement and Partnerships for Outstanding Open Science Communication (OOSC)” collects the revised versions of methodologies for establishing partnerships and running Engagement Workshops (EWs) and Labs in contexts of science communication. This exploitable resource aims to support and inspire other researchers and practitioners in the design and implementation of participatory workshops.
Photosynthetic consequences of impaired Photosystem II : antisense reductions in the PsbO proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana
Creators: name: Dwyer, Simon Alexander Nicholas
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: QK882.D89 2011
subject: Arabidopsis thaliana Physiology
subject: Photosynthesis
subject: Plants Effect of heat on

description: Photosystem (PS) II is the multi-sub unit complex which uses light energy to split water, providing the reducing equivalents needed for photosynthesis. The complex is susceptible to damage from environmental stresses such as excess excitation energy and high temperature. This thesis investigates the in vivo photosynthetic consequences of impairments to PSII in Arabidopsis thaliana expressing an antisense construct to the PsbO proteins of PSII. Transgenic lines were obtained with between 25 and 100% of wild type (WT) PsbO protein content per leaf area, and this decrease coincided with a proportional decrease in functional PSII content. Low PsbO (less than 50% WT) plants had reduced quantum yields, grew more slowly and had lower chlorophyll content per leaf area. On a PSII centre basis however, the chlorophyll and light harvesting content was increased. Fast fluorescence measurements of DCMU-treated leaves indicated that the majority of PSII centres in the low-PsbO transgenics exhibited slow phase kinetics. It is suggested that the low-PsbO plants had a smaller pool of functional PSII centres, which mostly consists of centres inefficient in excitation energy transfer from the antenna to the core. The antisense construct reduced RNA expression for both PsbO isoforms expressed in arabidopsis, but expression of other photosynthetic genes was largely unaffected. Likewise, there was little change detected in leaf proteins representative of the major photosynthetic complexes (cytochrome b{u2086}f, ATP synthase, Rubsico) on an area basis, with the exception of a moderate decrease in PSI content. Oxygen evolution measurements showed that, while the reduced quantum yield limits photosynthetic rate at low light, the low-PsbO plants matched the photosynthetic oxygen evolution rates of WT plants at saturating irradiance. At high irradiance the oxygen evolution rate was sustained by maintaining a greater proportion of 'open' PSII centres, and as such the estimated catalytic rates of oxygen production per PSII centre were not different between WT and low-PsbO plants. PSII per se appears not to be a significant rate-limiting step to maximum light-saturated photosynthetic rates in arabidopsis, however in nature light induced inactivation of PSII may reduce maximum photosynthetic rates by impeding the diffusion of the lipid-soluble electron carrier plastoquinone through the thylakoid membrane.
R Coronae Borealis at the 2003 Light Minimum
Creators: name: Rao, N. Kameswara
name: Lambert, David L.
name: Shetrone, Matthew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution optical spectra of R CrB obtained in 2003 March is discussed. The 2003 spectra are compared with the extensive collection of spectra from the 1995-1996 minimum. Spectroscopic features common to the two minima include sharp emission lines of neutral and singly-ionized atoms, broad emission lines including He {\sc i}, [N {\sc ii}] 6583 Å, Na D, and Ca {\sc ii} H & K lines, and blueshifted aborption lines of Na D, and K {\sc i} resonance lines. Prominent differences between the 2003 and 1995-96 spectra are seen. The 2003 profiles of Na D, Ca II H & K are fit by a single Gaussian but in 1995-1996 two Gaussians separated by about 200 km s$^{-1}$ were required. However, the He {\sc i} broad emission lines are fit by a single Gaussian at all times; the emitting He and Na-Ca atoms are probably not colocated. The C$_2$ Phillips 2-0 lines are detected as sharp absorption lines in 2003 indicating presence of gas at 1300 K.The 2003 spectra show C {\sc i} sharp emission lines at minimum light with a velocity changing in five days by about 20 km s$^{-1}$ when the velocity of `metal' sharp lines is unchanged; the C {\sc i} emission may arise from shock-heated gas. Spectra at maximum shows extended blue wings to strong lines with the extension dependent on a line's lower excitation potential a signature of stellar wind. Changes in the cores of the resonance lines of Al {\sc i} and Na D and the Ca {\sc ii} IR lines suggest complex flow patterns near the photosphere. The spectroscopic differences at the two mimima show the importance of continued scrutiny of the declines of R CrB.
description: 14 pages (including 20 figures), accepted for publication in MNRAS
Heisenberg doubles for Snyder type models
Creators: name: Meljanac, Stjepan
name: Pachoł, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A Snyder model generated by the noncommutative coordinates and Lorentz generators close a Lie algebra. The application of the Heisenberg double construction is investigated for the Snyder coordinates and momenta generators. It leads to the phase space of the Snyder model. Further, the extended Snyder algebra is constructed by using the Lorentz algebra, in one dimension higher. The dual pair of extended Snyder algebra and extended Snyder group is then formulated. Two Heisenberg doubles are considered, one with the conjugate tensorial momenta and another with the Lorentz matrices. Explicit formulae for all Heisenberg doubles are given.
description: 19 pages, no figures, 1 Appendix; version accepted for publication
title: Factors shaping young adults decision-making in full-time higher education: Insights from young adults in mainland China during the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Gao, Jingwen
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2025

description: This study investigated factors influencing the decisions of young adults (ages 20-40) in mainland China regarding full-time higher education during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a significant and disruptive social event, the pandemic drastically altered individuals’ life trajectories, likely including their educational participation behaviours. By examining this topic, I aimed to understand how the pandemic reshaped decision-making processes and the potential implications these changes had for educational participation. Through a review of existing theoretical frameworks and empirical research, I developed a multi-level theoretical model - encompassing individual, situational, and institutional levels - to guide this empirical investigation. I employed a multi-phased, multi-method qualitative research strategy, which involved three stages of data collection and analysis: Stage A consisted of critical policy analysis; Stage B involved online semi-structured interviews; and Stage C utilised online focus groups conducted via Padlet. The study yielded significant findings from all three levels, and, through triangulation of results, identified three key messages extending the initial framework. These include the critical role of sunk costs, the impact of non-economic factors, and specific characteristics of young adults as a demographic cohort of study, such as the accumulating decision-making costs of participating in full-time higher education during the pandemic, which can interfere with potential participants’ judgment in making educational decisions. These insights provide valuable contributions to future educational research and the development of lifelong learning policy and practice for stakeholders in Mainland China, and globally when facing future global crises scenarios.
Glueball mass spectra for supergravity duals of noncommutative gauge theories
Creators: name: Nakajima, Tadahito
name: Suzuki, Kenji
name: Takahashi, Hidenori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the glueball masses in noncommutative super Yang--Mills theories in four dimensions via the dual supergravity description. The spectrum of glueball masses is discrete due to the noncommutativity and the glueball masses are proportional to the noncommutativity parameter with dimension of length. The mass spectrum in the WKB approximation closely agrees with the mass spectrum in finite temperature Yang--Mills theory.
description: LaTeX, 14 pages, no figures, references added, comments added, typos corrected, to appear in JHEP
Quantifying model uncertainty for the observed non-Gaussian data by the Hellinger distance
Creators: name: Zheng, Yayun
name: Yang, Fang
name: Duan, Jinqiao
name: Kurths, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Mathematical models for complex systems under random fluctuations often certain uncertain parameters. However, quantifying model uncertainty for a stochastic differential equation with an $α$-stable Lévy process is still lacking. Here, we propose an approach to infer all the uncertain non-Gaussian parameters and other system parameters by minimizing the Hellinger distance over the parameter space. The Hellinger distance measures the similarity between an empirical probability density of non-Gaussian observations and a solution (as a probability density) of the associated nonlocal Fokker-Planck equation. Numerical experiments verify that our method is feasible for estimating single and multiple parameters. Meanwhile, we find an optimal estimation interval of the estimated parameters. This method is beneficial for extracting governing dynamical system models under non-Gaussian fluctuations, as in the study of abrupt climate changes in the Dansgaard-Oeschger events.
A blind test of photometric redshifts on ground-based data
Creators: name: Hildebrandt, H.
name: Wolf, C.
name: Benitez, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We analyse the relative performance of different photo-z codes in blind applications to ground-based data. Methods. We tested the codes on imaging datasets with different depths and filter coverages and compared the results to large spectroscopic catalogues. The photo-z error behaviour was analysed to select cleaner subsamples with more secure photo-z estimates. We consider Hyperz, BPZ, and the code used in the CADIS, COMBO-17, and HIROCS surveys. Results. The photo-z error estimates of the three codes do not correlate tightly with the accuracy of the photo-z's. While very large errors sometimes indicate a true catastrophic photo-z failure, smaller errors are usually not meaningful. For any given dataset, we find significant differences in redshift accuracy and outlier rates between the different codes when compared to spectroscopic redshifts. However, different codes excel in different regimes. The agreement between different sets of photo-z's is better for the subsample with secure spectroscopic redshifts than for the whole catalogue. Conclusions. Running today's photo-z codes on well-calibrated ground-based data can lead to reasonable accuracy. The actual performance on a given dataset is largely dependent on the template choice and on realistic instrumental response curves. It would be desirable to improve the photo-z error estimation for future applications so as to get a better handle on rejecting objects with grossly inaccurate photo-z's. The secure spectroscopic subsamples commonly used for assessments of photo-z accuracy may be biased toward objects for which the photo-z's are easier to estimate than for a complete flux-limited sample, resulting in very optimistic estimates. (abridged)
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, accepted by A&A
g2tmn at Constraint@AAAI2021: Exploiting CT-BERT and Ensembling Learning for COVID-19 Fake News Detection
Creators: name: Glazkova, Anna
name: Glazkov, Maksim
name: Trifonov, Timofey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7; I.7.m; H.3.3
subject: 68T50

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a huge impact on various areas of human life. Hence, the coronavirus pandemic and its consequences are being actively discussed on social media. However, not all social media posts are truthful. Many of them spread fake news that cause panic among readers, misinform people and thus exacerbate the effect of the pandemic. In this paper, we present our results at the Constraint@AAAI2021 Shared Task: COVID-19 Fake News Detection in English. In particular, we propose our approach using the transformer-based ensemble of COVID-Twitter-BERT (CT-BERT) models. We describe the models used, the ways of text preprocessing and adding extra data. As a result, our best model achieved the weighted F1-score of 98.69 on the test set (the first place in the leaderboard) of this shared task that attracted 166 submitted teams in total.
description: The winning solution at the Constraint shared task (AAAI-2021)
Barton, Peter F. (Hrsg.) / Makkai, Laszlo (Hrsg.), Ostmitteleuropas Bekenntnisschriften der Evangelischen Kirchen A. und H.B. des Reformationszeitalters
Creators: name: Hd
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 37 Nr. 1 (1988): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 37, Heft 1
Wavefront Shaping with a Tunable Metasurface: Creating Coldspots and Coherent Perfect Absorption at Arbitrary Frequencies
Creators: name: Frazier, Benjamin W.
name: Antonsen, Thomas M.
name: Anlage, Steven M.
name: Ott, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern electronic systems operate in complex electromagnetic environments and must handle noise and unwanted coupling. The capability to isolate or reject unwanted signals for mitigating vulnerabilities is critical in any practical application. In this work, we describe the use of a binary programmable metasurface to (i) control the spatial degrees of freedom for waves propagating inside an electromagnetic cavity and demonstrate the ability to create nulls in the transmission coefficient between selected ports; and (ii) create the conditions for coherent perfect absorption. Both objectives are performed at arbitrary frequencies. In the first case a novel and effective optimization algorithm is presented that selectively generates coldspots over a single frequency band or simultaneously over multiple frequency bands. We show that this algorithm is successful with multiple input port configurations and varying optimization bandwidths. In the second case we establish how this technique can be used to establish a multi-port coherent perfect absorption state for the cavity.
The $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$ Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten spin-chain $σ$-model
Creators: name: Ruiz, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $\textrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$ Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten model realises bosonic-string theory in $\textrm{AdS}_{3}$ with pure Neveu-Schwarz-Neveu-Schwarz flux. We construct an effective action in the semi-classical limit of the model, which corresponds to a $\textrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$ spin-chain $σ$-model. We adopt two complementary points of view. Firstly, we consider the classical action. We identify fast and slow target-space coordinates. We impose a gauge-fixing condition to the former. By expanding the gauge-fixed action in an effective coupling, we obtain the effective action for the slow coordinates. Secondly, we consider the spin chain of the model. We postulate a set of coherent states to express a transition amplitude in the spin chain as a path integral. We observe that the temporal interval is discretised in terms of the step length of the spatial interval. This relationship implies that the Landau-Lifshitz limit of the spin chain involves both intervals. The limit yields a semi-classical path integral over coherent states, wherein we identify the effective action again.
description: 18 pages. v2: Minor corrections and improvements. v3: Minor corrections and improvements. Manuscript corresponds to the published version
Novel phase diagram of superconductor NaxCoO2-yH2O in a 75 % relative humidity
Creators: name: Ohta, Hiroto
name: Michioka, Chishiro
name: Itoh, Yutaka
name: Yoshimura, Kazuyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We succeeded in synthesizing the powder samples of bilayer-hydrate sodium cobalt oxide superconductors NaxCoO2-yH2O with Tc = 0 ~ 4.6 K by systematically changing the keeping duration in a 75 % relative humidity atmosphere after intercalation of water molecules. From the magnetic measurements, we found that the one-day duration sample does not show any superconductivity down to 1.8 K, and that the samples kept for 2 ~ 7 days show superconductivity, in which Tc increases up to 4.6 K with increasing the duration. Tc and the superconducting volume fraction are almost invariant between 7 days and 1month duration. The 59Co NQR spectra indicate a systematic change in the local charge distribution on the CoO2 plane with change in duration.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
COVINFORM - Multi-site research design and methodological framework
Creators: name: Molenaar, Jil
name: Van Praag, Lore
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: COVID-19
COVINFORM
Research methods
Social Sciences
Theoretical Frameworks

description: The empirical research conducted in the COVINFORM project is centred around assessing COVID-19 impact, response, and lessons learned across diverse local contexts. This includes an exploration of how national and local COVID-19 responses have impacted human behaviour, social dynamics, economic wellbeing, and physical and mental health outcomes; how local responses to COVID-19 were adapted to and shaped by the local health, socioeconomic, political and community contexts; and which policy failures, unintended consequences, trade-offs and promising practices can be identified in COVID-19 responses.

This report presents deliverable 3.2 (D3.2), which provides an overall framework for the project’s empirical research, including project-level research questions and the menu of research methods available for data collection. The aim of this deliverable is to streamline the empirical research that will take place across work packages and provide a clear set of expectations and guidelines. Based on extensive conversations with COVINFORM partners, D3.2 concretises previous work in WP3 to ensure coordination and consistency across the project’s empirical research sites.
Deuteron Uncertainties in the Determination of Proton PDFs
Creators: name: Ball, Richard D.
name: Nocera, Emanuele R.
name: Pearson, Rosalyn L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the uncertainties due to nuclear effects in global fits of proton parton distribution functions (PDFs) that utilise deep-inelastic scattering and Drell-Yan data on deuterium targets. To do this we use an iterative procedure to determine proton and deuteron PDFs simultaneously, each including the uncertainties in the other. We apply this procedure to determine the nuclear uncertainties in the SLAC, BCDMS, NMC and DYE866/NuSea fixed target deuteron data included in the NNPDF3.1 global fit. We show that the effect of the nuclear uncertainty on the proton PDFs is small, and that the increase in overall uncertainties is insignificant once we correct for nuclear effects.
description: Version accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J. C; typo in Table 3 corrected; discussion about previous NNPDF studies added; various minor points clarified
Minding the gap: GW190521 as a straddling binary
Creators: name: Fishbach, Maya
name: Holz, Daniel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models for black hole (BH) formation from stellar evolution robustly predict the existence of a pair-instability supernova (PISN) mass gap in the range $\sim50$ to $\sim120$ solar masses. This theoretical prediction is supported by the binary black holes (BBHs) of LIGO/Virgo's first two observing runs, whose component masses are well-fit by a power law with a maximum mass cutoff at $m_\mathrm{max}=40.8^{+11.8}_{-4.4}\,M_\odot$. Meanwhile, the BBH event GW190521 has a reported primary mass of $m_1=85^{+21}_{-14}\,M_\odot$, firmly above the inferred $m_\mathrm{max}$, and secondary mass $m_2=66^{+17}_{-18}\,M_\odot$. Rather than concluding that both components of GW190521 belong to a new population of mass-gap BHs, we explore the conservative scenario in which GW190521's secondary mass belongs to the previously-observed population of BHs. We replace the default priors on $m_1$ and $m_2$, which assume that BH detector-frame masses are uniformly distributed, with this population-informed prior on $m_2$, finding $m_2<48\,M_\odot$ at 90\% credibility. Moreover, because the total mass of the system is better constrained than the individual masses, the population prior on $m_2$ automatically increases the inferred $m_1$ to sit \emph{above} the gap (39\% for $m_1 > 120\,M_\odot$, or 25\% probability for $m_1>130\,M_\odot$). As long as the prior odds for a double-mass-gap BBH are smaller than $\sim 1:15$, it is more likely that GW190521 straddles the pair-instability gap. We argue that GW190521 may be the first example of a straddling binary black hole, composed of a conventional stellar mass BH and a BH from the ``far side' of the PISN mass gap.
description: 5 pages main text, 3 figures, 3 page appendix. Accepted for publication in ApJL
Scalar Correlator at O(alpha_s^4), Higgs Decay into b-quarks and Bounds on the Light Quark Masses
Creators: name: Baikov, P. A.
name: Chetyrkin, K. G.
name: Kühn, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute, for the first time, the absorptive part of the massless correlator of two quark scalar currents in five loops. As physical applications we consider the O(alpha_s^4) corrections to the decay rate of the Standard Model Higgs boson into quarks, as well as the constraints on the strange quark mass following from QCD sum rules.
description: 5 pages, REVTeX4. Few references updated. The final version, accepted for publication. The complete paper is also available via the www at http://www-ttp.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de/Preprints/
Magnetic Confinement of an Ultracold Neutral Plasma
Creators: name: Gorman, G. M.
name: Warrens, M. K.
name: Bradshaw, S. J.
name: Killian, T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate magnetic confinement of an ultracold neutral plasma (UCNP) created at the null of a biconic cusp, or quadrupole magnetic field. Initially, the UCNP expands due to electron thermal pressure. As the plasma encounters stronger fields, expansion slows and the density distribution molds to the field. UCNP electrons are strongly magnetized over most of the plasma, while ion magnetization is only significant at the boundaries. Observations suggest that electrons and ions are predominantly trapped by magnetic mirroring and ambipolar electric fields respectively. Confinement times approach 0.5 ms, while unmagnetized plasmas dissipate on a timescale of a few tens of microseconds.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
A modified Kwee - van Woerden method for eclipse minimum timing with reliable error estimates
Creators: name: Deeg, Hans J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kwee - van Woerden (KvW) method used for the determination of eclipse minimum times has been a staple in eclipsing binary research for decades, due its simplicity and the independence of external input parameters, which also makes it well-suited to obtaining timings of exoplanet transits. However, its estimates of the timing error have been known to have a low reliability. During the analysis of very precise photometry of CM Draconis eclipses from TESS space mission data, KvW's original equation for the timing error estimate produced numerical errors, which evidenced a fundamental problem in this equation. This contribution introduces an improved approach for calculating the timing error with the KvW method. A code that implements this improved method, together with several further updates of the original method, are presented. An example of the application to CM Draconis light curves from TESS is given. The eclipse minimum times are derived with the KvW method's three original light curve folds, but also with five and seven folds. The use of five or more folds produces minimum timings with a substantially better precision. The improved method of error calculation delivers consistent timing errors which are in excellent agreement with error estimates obtained by other means. In the case of TESS data from CM Draconis, minimum times with an average precision of 1.1 seconds are obtained. Reliable timing errors are also a valuable indicator for evaluating if a given scatter in an O-C diagram is caused by measurement errors or by a physical period variation.
description: Accepted for special issue 'Astrophysics of Eclipsing Binaries in the Era of Space-Borne Telescopes' of the journal 'galaxies'. V2 with additional evaluation on the impact of the number of foldings in the KvW method. V3: Update of Fig. 2 and minor text mods, to coincide with published paper
Probing Primordial Features with the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background
Creators: name: Braglia, Matteo
name: Chen, Xingang
name: Hazra, Dhiraj Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) offers a new opportunity to observe signals of primordial features from inflationary models. We study their detectability with future space-based gravitational waves experiments, focusing our analysis on the frequency range of the LISA mission. We compute gravitational wave spectra from primordial features by exploring the parameter space of a two-field inflation model capable of generating different classes of features. Fine-tuning in scales and amplitudes is necessary for these signals to fall in the observational windows. Once they show up, several classes of frequency-dependent oscillatory signals, characteristic of different underlying inflationary physics, may be distinguished and the SGWB provides a window on dynamics of the primordial universe independent of cosmic microwave background and large-scale structure. To connect with future experimental data, we discuss two approaches of how the results may be applied to data analyses. First, we discuss the possibility of reconstructing the signal with LISA, which requires a high signal-to-noise ratio. The second more sensitive approach is to apply templates representing the spectra as estimators. For the latter purpose, we derive templates that can accurately capture the spectral features of several classes of feature signals and compare them with the SGWB produced by other physical mechanisms.
description: 34 pages, 15 figures; v2 references added, typos corrected, accepted for publication in JCAP
Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Behavior of Air in Square Duct Heat Exchanger Inserted with V-downstream Winglet Turbulators
Creators: name: Suriya Chokphoemphun
name: Sanhawat Thongdaeng
name: Pongjet Promvonge
Publisher: name: Research and Technology Transfer Affairs Division
Year: 2015
Subjects: V-downstream winglet,square-duct heat exchanger,thermal performance

description: 4, 20, KKU Research Journal
Synthesis of novel compounds for the study of biomolecules using NMR spectroscopy
Creators: name: Padmakshan, Dharshana
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: QP519.9.N83 P33 2011
subject: Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
subject: Biomolecules

description: This thesis presents an investigation into the synthesis of compounds viz., bifunctional chelators that could be used as lanthanide shift reagents and fluorinated amino acids that could be used as probes in the study of biomolecules using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Initially, syntheses of acyclic multidentate ligands like DTPA that could function as lanthanide shift reagents were investigated. A DTPA derivative with a cysteine side arm that could bind to biomolecules via a disulfide bond was synthesised. The lanthanum complex of this ligand was synthesised but the NMR spectrum of this coordination compound showed a complex spectrum due to the high conformational flexibility of the compound. Hence the synthesis of other non cyclic ligands with more stereochemically rigid structures, incorporating more stereo centers in the triamine pentaacetic acid backbone was investigated employing dialkylation and reductive amination methods. However, these acyclic ligands could not be synthesised due to steric hindrance in the substrates. Research was then directed towards the synthesis of another class of bifunctional chelators possessing a polyaza polycarboxylic macrocycle as in TETA. A TETA derivative with a cyclam backbone with three of the four substituents being an acetic acid moiety and the fourth substituent being a cysteine moiety was synthesised. The ytterbium complex of this ligand however was presumed to exist in a dynamic equilibrium with the uncomplexed ligand. This calls for significant structural modification of the ligand for it to be successfully used as a lanthanide shift reagent. Synthesis of fluorinated amino acids were investigated that can be incorporated into proteins. A stereoselective synthesis of (S)-y-fluoroleucine was accomplished. An HPLC assay was developed to determine the enantiomeric purity of the amino acid. Gratifyingly, preliminary studies showed that this unnatural amino acid was incorporated significantly in its hydrazide form into the protein via cell free protein synthesis. Development of a simple and straightforward general synthetic route for the synthesis of fluorinated amino acids using N-phthaloylvaline and N-phthaloylleucine and the corresponding hydrazides were investigated. The bromo and chloro substituted analogues were synthesised but the synthesis of the corresponding fluoro substituted analogues failed due to competing intramolecular and elimination side reactions favoured under the reaction conditions.