cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Effective Field Theory for Quasi-Single Field Inflation
Creators: name: Tong, Xi
name: Wang, Yi
name: Zhou, Siyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effective field theory (EFT) description of the virtual particle effects in quasi-single field inflation, which unifies the previous results on large mass and large mixing cases. By using a horizon crossing approximation and matching with known limits, approximate expressions for the power spectrum and the spectral index are obtained. The error of the approximate solution is within 10% in dominate parts of the parameter space, which corresponds to less-than-0.1% error in the $n_s$-$r$ diagram. The quasi-single field corrections on the $n_s$-$r$ diagram are plotted for a few inflation models. Especially, the quasi-single field correction drives $m^2ϕ^2$ inflation to the best fit region on the $n_s$-$r$ diagram, with an amount of equilateral non-Gaussianity which can be tested in future experiments.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures. v2: references added
On semisimplicity of module categories for finite non-zero index vertex operator subalgebras
Creators: name: McRae, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B69, 18M15, 18M20, 81R10

description: Let $V\subseteq A$ be a conformal inclusion of vertex operator algebras and let $\mathcal{C}$ be a category of grading-restricted generalized $V$-modules that admits the vertex algebraic braided tensor category structure of Huang-Lepowsky-Zhang. We give conditions under which $\mathcal{C}$ inherits semisimplicity from the category of grading-restricted generalized $A$-modules in $\mathcal{C}$, and vice versa. The most important condition is that $A$ be a rigid $V$-module in $\mathcal{C}$ with non-zero categorical dimension, that is, we assume the index of $V$ as a subalgebra of $A$ is finite and non-zero. As a consequence, we show that if $A$ is strongly rational, then $V$ is also strongly rational under the following conditions: $A$ contains $V$ as a $V$-module direct summand, $V$ is $C_2$-cofinite with a rigid tensor category of modules, and $A$ has non-zero categorical dimension as a $V$-module. These results are vertex operator algebra interpretations of theorems proved for general commutative algebras in braided tensor categories. We also generalize these results to the case that $A$ is a vertex operator superalgebra.
description: 25 pages, references updated in this version
Quantum Hopfield neural network
Creators: name: Rebentrost, Patrick
name: Bromley, Thomas R.
name: Weedbrook, Christian
name: Lloyd, Seth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computing allows for the potential of significant advancements in both the speed and the capacity of widely used machine learning techniques. Here we employ quantum algorithms for the Hopfield network, which can be used for pattern recognition, reconstruction, and optimization as a realization of a content-addressable memory system. We show that an exponentially large network can be stored in a polynomial number of quantum bits by encoding the network into the amplitudes of quantum states. By introducing a classical technique for operating the Hopfield network, we can leverage quantum algorithms to obtain a quantum computational complexity that is logarithmic in the dimension of the data. We also present an application of our method as a genetic sequence recognizer.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, final version
Correlation-Driven Electron-Hole Asymmetry in Graphene Field Effect Devices
Creators: name: Dale, Nicholas
name: Mori, Ryo
name: Utama, M. Iqbal Bakti
name: Denlinger, Jonathan D.
name: Stansbury, Conrad
name: Fatuzzo, Claudia G.
name: Zhao, Sihan
name: Lee, Kyunghoon
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Jozwiak, Chris
name: Bostwick, Aaron
name: Rotenberg, Eli
name: Koch, Roland J.
name: Wang, Feng
name: Lanzara, Alessandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron-hole asymmetry is a fundamental property in solids that can determine the nature of quantum phase transitions and the regime of operation for devices. The observation of electron-hole asymmetry in graphene and recently in the phase diagram of bilayer graphene has spurred interest into whether it stems from disorder or from fundamental interactions such as correlations. Here, we report an effective new way to access electron-hole asymmetry in 2D materials by directly measuring the quasiparticle self-energy in graphene/Boron Nitride field effect devices. As the chemical potential moves from the hole to the electron doped side, we see an increased strength of electronic correlations manifested by an increase in the band velocity and inverse quasiparticle lifetime. These results suggest that electronic correlations play an intrinsic role in driving electron hole asymmetry in graphene and provide a new insight for asymmetries in more strongly correlated materials.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 5: of Possible association between androgenic alopecia and risk of prostate cancer and testicular germ cell tumor: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Weijun Liang
name: Liuying Song
name: Peng, Zheng
name: Zou, Yan
name: Shengming Dai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S4. Meta-analysis results of association between androgenic alopecia and incidence of cancer. (DOCX 17Â kb)
From hydro to jet quenching, coalescence and hadron cascade: a coupled approach to solving the $R_{AA}\otimes v_2$ puzzle
Creators: name: Zhao, Wenbin
name: Ke, Weiyao
name: Chen, Wei
name: Luo, Tan
name: Wang, Xin-Nian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrodynamics and jet quenching are responsible for the elliptic flow $v_2$ and suppression of large transverse momentum ($p_T$) hadrons, respectively, two of the most important phenomena leading to the discovery of a strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. A consistent description of the hadron suppression factor $R_{AA}$ and $v_2$, especially at intermediate $p_T$, however, remains a challenge. We solve this long-standing $R_{AA}\otimes v_2$ puzzle by including quark coalescence for hadronization and final state hadron cascade in the coupled linear Boltzmann transport-hydro model that combines concurrent jet transport and hydrodynamic evolution of the bulk medium. We illustrate that quark coalescence and hadron cascade, two keys to solving the puzzle, also lead to a splitting of $v_2$ for pions, kaons and protons in the intermediate $p_T$ region. We demonstrate for the first time that experimental data on $R_{AA}$, $v_2$ and their hadron flavor dependence from low to intermediate and high $p_T$ in high-energy heavy-ion collisions can be understood within this coupled framework.
description: 4 pages in RevTex with 6 figures. Final published version
Lattice determination of $I= 0$ and 2 $ππ$ scattering phase shifts with a physical pion mass
Creators: name: Blum, T.
name: Boyle, P. A.
name: Bruno, M.
name: Christ, N. H.
name: Hoying, D.
name: Kelly, C.
name: Lehner, C.
name: Mawhinney, R. D.
name: Meyer, A. S.
name: Murphy, D. J.
name: Sachrajda, C. T.
name: Soni, A.
name: Wang, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase shifts for $s$-wave $ππ$ scattering in both the $I=0$ and $I=2$ channels are determined from a lattice QCD calculation performed on 741 gauge configurations obeying G-parity boundary conditions with a physical pion mass and lattice size of $32^3\times 64$. These results support our recent study of direct CP violation in $K\toππ$ decay \cite{Abbott:2020hxn}, improving our earlier 2015 calculation \cite{Bai:2015nea}. The phase shifts are determined for both stationary and moving $ππ$ systems, at three ($I=0$) and four ($I=2$) different total momenta. We implement several $ππ$ interpolating operators including a scalar bilinear "$σ$" operator and paired single-pion bilinear operators with the constituent pions carrying various relative momenta. Several techniques, including correlated fitting and a bootstrap determination of p-values have been used to refine the results and a comparison with the generalized eigenvalue problem (GEVP) method is given. A detailed systematic error analysis is performed which allows phase shift results to be presented at a fixed energy.
description: v3: Add a subsection "Higher partial wave correction", and correct the unit of scattering length. 88 pages and 14 figures v2: 1). Add reference 29 as an example of pipi scattering calculation above 4mpi threshold. 2). Modify the wording on page 3 for the footage. 3). Correct the \sigma operator on page 17
A topology-oblivious routing protocol for NDN-VANETs
Creators: name: Kalogeiton, Eirini
name: Kolonko, Thomas
name: Braun, Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are characterized by intermittent connectivity, which leads to failures of end-to-end paths between nodes. Named Data Networking (NDN) is a network paradigm that deals with such problems, since information is forwarded based on content and not on the location of the hosts. In this work, we propose an enhanced routing protocol of our previous topology-oblivious Multihop, Multipath, and Multichannel NDN for VANETs (MMM-VNDN) routing strategy that exploits several paths to achieve more efficient content retrieval. Our new enhanced protocol, i mproved MMM-VNDN (iMMM-VNDN), creates paths between a requester node and a provider by broadcasting Interest messages. When a provider responds with a Data message to a broadcast Interest message, we create unicast routes between nodes, by using the MAC address(es) as the distinct address(es) of each node. iMMM-VNDN extracts and thus creates routes based on the MAC addresses from the strategy layer of an NDN node. Simulation results show that our routing strategy performs better than other state of the art strategies in terms of Interest Satisfaction Rate, while keeping the latency and jitter of messages low.
Quantum battery based on quantum discord at room temperature
Creators: name: Cruz, Clebson
name: Anka, M. F.
name: Reis, M. S.
name: Bachelard, Romain
name: Santos, Alan C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of advanced quantum devices for energy storage has attracted the attention of the scientific community in the past few years. Although several theoretical progresses have been achieved recently, experimental proposals of platforms operating as quantum batteries under ambient conditions are still lacking. In this context, this work presents a feasible realization of a quantum battery in a carboxylate-based metal complex, which can store a finite amount of extractable work under the form of quantum discord at room temperature, and recharge by thermalization with a reservoir. Moreover, the stored work can be evaluated through non-destructive measurements of the compound's magnetic susceptibility. These results pave the way for the development of enhanced energy storage platforms through material engineering.
description: Main text: 4 pages and 2 figures. Supplemental Material: 3 pages and 3 figures. Comments and discussions are welcome
FPGA-Based Tracklet Approach to Level-1 Track Finding at CMS for the HL-LHC
Creators: name: Bartz, Edward
name: Chaves, Jorge
name: Gershtein, Yuri
name: Halkiadakis, Eva
name: Hildreth, Michael
name: Kyriacou, Savvas
name: Lannon, Kevin
name: Lefeld, Anthony
name: Ryd, Anders
name: Skinnari, Louise
name: Stone, Robert
name: Strohman, Charles
name: Tao, Zhengcheng
name: Winer, Brian
name: Wittich, Peter
name: Zientek, Margaret
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the High Luminosity LHC, the CMS detector will need charged particle tracking at the hardware trigger level to maintain a manageable trigger rate and achieve its physics goals. The tracklet approach is a track-finding algorithm based on a road-search algorithm that has been implemented on commercially available FPGA technology. The tracklet algorithm has achieved high performance in track-finding and completes tracking within 3.4 $μ$s on a Xilinx Virtex-7 FPGA. An overview of the algorithm and its implementation on an FPGA is given, results are shown from a demonstrator test stand and system performance studies are presented.
description: Submitted to proceedings of Connecting The Dots/Intelligent Trackers 2017, Orsay, France
Parton rescattering and gluon saturation in dijet production at EIC
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuan-Yuan
name: Wang, Xin-Nian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large angle gluon radiations induced by multiple parton scatterings contribute to dijet production in deeply inelastic scattering off a large nucleus at the Electron-Ion Collider. Within the generalized high-twist approach to multiple parton scattering, such contributions at the leading order in perturbative QCD and large Bjorken momentum fraction $x_B$ can be expressed as a convolution of the multiple parton scattering amplitudes and the transverse momentum dependent (TMD) two-parton correlation matrix elements. We study this medium-induced dijet spectrum and its azimuthal angle correlation under the approximation of small longitudinal momentum transfer in the secondary scattering and the factorization of two-parton correlation matrix elements as a product of quark and gluon TMD parton distribution function (PDF). Using a simple model for gluon saturation based on the parametrized gluon TMD PDF, we can calculate the $x_B$ and $Q^2$ dependence of the saturation scale and parton transport coefficient $\hat q$. Contributions to dijet cross section from double scattering are power-suppressed and only become sizable for mini-jets at small transverse momentum. We find that the total dijet correlation for these mini-jets, which also includes the contribution from single scattering, is sensitive to the transverse momentum broadening in the quark TMD PDF at large $x$ and saturation in the gluon TMD PDF at small $x$ inside the nucleus. The correlation from double scattering is also found to increase with the dijet rapidity gap and have a quadratic nuclear-size dependence because of the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) interference in gluon emission induced by multiple scattering. Experimental measurements of such unique features in the dijet correlation can shed light on the LPM interference in strong interaction and gluon saturation in large nuclei.
description: 23 pages in RevTex with 25 figures, all the results are replaced with new numerical calculations with N_f=3 and the corresponding Lambda_QCD in the strong coupling constant. More discussions are added
Additional file 2 of Healthy lifestyle consultation based on traditional Chinese medicine versus routine patient education in the treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss after failure of systemic therapy: study protocol for a clinical randomised trial
Creators: name: Fei, Ying-ping
name: Zheng, Yun
name: Lai, Dan
name: Zhong, Ping
name: Lu, Jing-zhe
name: Li, Gang
name: Liu, Peng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Lifestyle diary. Participant completes the table to record a journal of sleep time and daily diet.
The Internet-of-Things Meets Business Process Management: A Manifesto
Creators: name: Janiesch, Christian
name: Koschmider, Agnes
name: Mecella, Massimo
name: Weber, Barbara
name: Burattin, Andrea
name: Di Ciccio, Claudio
name: Fortino, Giancarlo
name: Gal, Avigdor
name: Kannengiesser, Udo
name: Leotta, Francesco
name: Mannhardt, Felix
name: Marrella, Andrea
name: Mendling, Jan
name: Oberweis, Andreas
name: Reichert, Manfred
name: Rinderle-Ma, Stefanie
name: Serral, Estefania
name: Song, WenZhan
name: Su, Jianwen
name: Torres, Victoria
name: Weidlich, Matthias
name: Weske, Mathias
name: Zhang, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a network of connected devices collecting and exchanging data over the Internet. These things can be artificial or natural, and interact as autonomous agents forming a complex system. In turn, Business Process Management (BPM) was established to analyze, discover, design, implement, execute, monitor and evolve collaborative business processes within and across organizations. While the IoT and BPM have been regarded as separate topics in research and practice, we strongly believe that the management of IoT applications will strongly benefit from BPM concepts, methods and technologies on the one hand; on the other one, the IoT poses challenges that will require enhancements and extensions of the current state-of-the-art in the BPM field. In this paper, we question to what extent these two paradigms can be combined and we discuss the emerging challenges.
MOESM3 of Dissecting the pathobiology of altered MRI signal in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A post mortem whole brain sampling strategy for the integration of ultra-high-field MRI and quantitative neuropathology
Creators: name: Menuka Pallebage-Gamarallage
name: Foxley, Sean
name: Menke, Ricarda
name: Istvan Huszar
name: Jenkinson, Mark
name: Tendler, Benjamin
name: Chaoyue Wang
name: Jbabdi, Saad
name: Turner, Martin
name: Miller, Karla
name: Ansorge, Olaf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology

description: Additional file 3. Quantitative histological data for the primary motor cortex grey matter at the hand knob.
Topology and zero energy edge states in carbon nanotubes with superconducting pairing
Creators: name: Izumida, W.
name: Milz, L.
name: Marganska, M.
name: Grifoni, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the spectrum of finite-length carbon nanotubes in the presence of onsite and nearest-neighbor superconducting pairing terms. A one-dimensional ladder-type lattice model is developed to explore the low-energy spectrum and the nature of the electronic states. We find that zero energy edge states can emerge in zigzag class carbon nanotubes as a combined effect of curvature-induced Dirac point shift and strong superconducting coupling between nearest-neighbor sites. The chiral symmetry of the system is exploited to define a winding number topological invariant. The associated topological phase diagram shows regions with nontrivial winding number in the plane of chemical potential and superconducting nearest-neighbor pair potential (relative to the onsite pair potential). A one-dimensional continuum model reveals the topological origin of the zero energy edge states: A bulk-edge correspondence is proven, which shows that the condition for nontrivial winding number and that for the emergence of edge states are identical. For armchair class nanotubes, the presence of edge states in the superconducting gap depends on the nanotube's boundary shape. For the minimal boundary condition, the emergence of the subgap states can also be deduced from the winding number.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Hall and Heppenstall Family
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: John William Hall was born in 1919 and had gone to sea since 1933. On one trip, he had been told he was going on the Malta Convoys but ended up on the Arctic Convoys to Russia instead. "Of course, they'd all turned up with a summer gear to go to Malta. So they were having to go around beg, borrow or steal any bit of clothing and he said it was the coldest he ever been in his life on the Russian convoy."One of the ships he was on was torpedoed and they had to abandon ship; luckily everyone was rescued. John was mainly aboard Atlantic Convoys during the war but also a Russian Convoy and a Malta Convoy.Ronald Joseph Heppenstall "could have had a reserved occupation because he was delivery driver for a bakery, which was owned by my grandfather" but instead he enlisted. He first served in the Northumberland Fusiliers and later the Highland Fusiliers. "He was in a gun emplacement on the road to Arnhem and he got shelled and the whole emplacement blown up. So he died then after going through the whole war". His name is in the Edinburgh Castle memory book and is listed on the Commonwealth War Graves Commission.Margaret Heppenstall took over the delivery of the bread when she was sixteen. You did not need a license to drive in those days. She kept a war diary of all the bombing in South Shields she writes:
"On Friday the 7th of June, 1940 at five to 12 Friday at night, the air raid sirens went. I was drawing and I heard bells ringing. Mam woke me up and told me to get dressed and we had to go downstairs into the shelter"."Friday, the 20th of June 1940. Air raid siren went off at half 11 Friday. We got up and dressed and went downstairs in five minutes when we heard the planes. Then a bomb was dropped, followed shortly by others. We sat in the hole. It was awful, dark. There was six lots of planes came over within the space of 10 minutes and every one dropped a bomb about 20 altogether. Four dropped un-exploded in a field by Horsey Hill Estate. All clear went up half past two Saturday morning. We sat up drinking tea till five past three and went to bed till 10 to four air raid alarm went again we got up, but this was only lasted 10 minutes."Margaret said, "she felt a bit guilty about the war because apart from losing her brother at the end, she'd had a pretty good war." As a young single woman, there were lots of soldiers camped close by paying her attention.Margaret's father grew vegetables in their garden and, because he ran a bakery, there was no shortage of food. They would exchange their bread with other local businessmen; so, they were not short of anything, even having spare fuel coupons.Audio and transcript attached.
Large evanescently-induced Brillouin scattering at the surrounding of a nanofibre
Creators: name: Yang, Fan
name: Gyger, Flavien
name: Godet, Adrien
name: Chrétien, Jacques
name: Zhang, Li
name: Pang, Meng
name: Beugnot, Jean-Charles
name: Thévenaz, Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brillouin scattering has been widely exploited for advanced photonics functionalities such as microwave photonics, signal processing, sensing, lasing, and more recently in micro- and nano-photonic waveguides. So far, all the works have focused on the opto-acoustic interaction driven from the core region of micro- and nano-waveguides. Here we observe, for the first time, an efficient Brillouin scattering generated by an evanescent field nearby a sub-wavelength waveguide embedded in a pressurised gas cell, with a maximum gain coefficient of $18.90 \pm 0.17$ m$^{-1}$W$^{-1}$. This gain is 11 times larger than the highest Brillouin gain obtained in a hollow-core fibre and 79 times larger than in a standard single-mode fibre. The realisation of strong free-space Brillouin scattering from a waveguide benefits from the flexibility of confined light while providing a direct access to the opto-acoustic interaction, as required in free-space optoacoustics such as Brillouin spectroscopy and microscopy. Therefore, our work creates an important bridge between Brillouin scattering in waveguides, Brillouin spectroscopy and microscopy, and opens new avenues in light-sound interactions, optomechanics, sensing, lasing and imaging.
description: Main manuscript: 8 pages, 6 figures; Supplementary: 5 pages, 3 figures
Uniaxial stress flips the natural quantization axis of a quantum dot for integrated quantum photonics
Creators: name: Yuan, Xueyong
name: Weihausen-Brinkmann, Fritz
name: Martín-Sánchez, Javier
name: Piredda, Giovanni
name: Křápek, Vlastimil
name: Huo, Yongheng
name: Huang, Huiying
name: Schimpf, Christian
name: Schmidt, Oliver G.
name: Edlinger, Johannes
name: Bester, Gabriel
name: Trotta, Rinaldo
name: Rastelli, Armando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical selection rules in epitaxial quantum dots are strongly influenced by the orientation of their natural quantization axis, which is usually parallel to the growth direction. This configuration is well suited for vertically emitting devices, but not for planar photonic circuits because of the poorly controlled orientation of the transition dipoles in the growth plane. Here we show that the quantization axis of gallium arsenide dots can be flipped into the growth plane via moderate in plane uniaxial stress. By using piezoelectric strain actuators featuring strain-amplification we study the evolution of the selection rules and excitonic fine-structure in a regime, in which quantum confinement can be regarded as a perturbation compared to strain in determining the symmetry properties of the system. The experimental and computational results suggest that uniaxial stress, may be the right tool to obtain quantum light sources with ideally oriented transition dipoles and enhanced oscillator strengths for integrated quantum photonics.
description: 44 pages, 17 figures (including supplementary information)
Limitations of earthquake coseismic deformation measurements using InSAR
Creators: name: Lu, Shangzong
name: Liang, Cunren
name: Zeng, Qiming
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is commonly used to measure earthquake coseismic deformation. However, InSAR cannot be used to effectively measure all types of coseismic deformation, and it is influenced by numerous factors. Currently, for the limitations of InSAR coseismic deformation measurement, only empirical judgements are used to address these issues, and quantitive descriptions are lacking. To determine the limits of coseismic deformation that can be measured using InSAR, we assessed the effects of satellite parameters, earthquake magnitude, and earthquake depth on such measurements through coseismic deformation simulations and fault parameter traversals. By comparing the absolute deformation magnitudes, we identified the fault parameters that were most and least sensitive to coseismic deformation measurements using InSAR. We then quantitatively analysed the upper and lower limits of earthquake magnitude and depth for InSAR coseismic deformation measurements. The lower limit was determined by comparing noise and deformation, whereas the upper limit was determined from the phase gradient ambiguity. We used the least squares method to derive an empirical equation that can be used to screen earthquake catalogues for further inversion with InSAR measurements. We found that coseismic deformation measurements using satellites are limited by their sensitivities to fault strike, rake, and dip angles. Additionally, the smallest earthquake magnitude that can be measured by InSAR varies with depth. These findings can be used to improve our understanding of the limitations and capabilities of InSAR for measuring coseismic deformation.
Homothetic Congruences in General Relativity
Creators: name: Fathi, Mohsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinematical characteristics of distinct infalling homothetic fields are discussed by specifying the transverse subspace of their generated congruences to the energy-momentum deposit of the chosen gravitational system. This is pursued through the inclusion of the base manifold's cotangent bundle in a generalized Raychaudhuri equation and its kinematical expressions. Exploiting an electromagnetic energy-momentum tensor as the source of non-gravitational effects, I investigate the evolution of the mentioned homothetic congruences, as they fall onto a Reissner-Nordstrom black hole. The results show remarkable differences to the common expectations from infalling congruences of massive particles.
description: 19 pages, 15 figures
Additional file 2: of Inflammatory markers before and after farrowing in healthy sows and in sows affected with postpartum dysgalactia syndrome
Creators: name: Kaiser, Marianne
name: Jacobson, Magdalena
name: Andersen, Pia
name: Bækbo, Poul
name: Cerón, José
name: Dahl, Jan
name: Escribano, Damián
name: Jacobsen, Stine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Interleukin 1 (IL-1). IL-1 concentration (10-9 g/L) in sows with postpartum dysgalactia syndrome (PDS+, red) and healthy sows (PDS-, blue) sampled from 60 h before until 36 h after parturition (time interval A-G). Each dot represents the exact sample time of each observation relative to the exact birth of the first piglet (0 h). The lines show the mean value. (DOCX 30 kb)
Pulse-Period--Moment-Magnitude Relations Derived with Wavelet Analysis and their Relevance to Estimate Structural Deformations
Creators: name: Efthymiou, Eleftheria
name: Makris, Nicos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated from the quadratic dependence of peak structural displacements to the pulse period, $T_p$, of pulse-like ground motions, this paper revisits the $T_p$--$M_\text{W}$ relations of ground motions generated from near-source earthquakes with epicentral distances, $D\leq$ 20 km. A total of 1260 ground motions are interrogated with wavelet analysis to identify energetic acceleration pulses (not velocity pulses) and extract their optimal period, $T_p$, amplitude, $a_p$, phase, $ϕ$ and number of half-cycles, $γ$. The interrogation of acceleration records with wavelet analysis is capable of extracting shorter-duration distinguishable pulses with engineering significance, which override the longer near-source pulses. Our wavelet analysis identified 109 pulse-like records from normal faults, 188 records from reverse faults and 125 records from strike-slip faults, all with epicentral distances $D\leq$ 20 km. Regression analysis on the extracted data concluded that the same $T_p$--$M_\text{W}$ relation can be used for pulse-like ground motions generated either from strike-slip faults or from normal faults; whereas, a different $T_p$--$M_{\text{W}}$ relation is proposed for reverse faults. The study concludes that for the same moment magnitude, $M_{\text{W}}$, the pulse periods of ground motions generated from strike-slip faults are on average larger than these from reverse faults. Most importantly, our wavelet analysis on acceleration records produces $T_p$--$M_{\text{W}}$ relations with a lower slope than the slopes of the $T_p$--$M_{\text{W}}$ relations presented by past investigators after merely fitting velocity pulses. As a result, our proposed $T_p$--$M_{\text{W}}$ relations yield lower $T_p$ values for larger-magnitude earthquakes (say $M_{\text{W}}>$ 6), allowing for the estimation of dependable peak structural displacements that scale invariably with $a_pT_p^{\text{2}}$.
Effective Floquet Hamiltonian theory of multiple-quantum NMR in anisotropic solids involving quadrupolar spins: Challenges and Perspectives
Creators: name: Ganapathy, Vinay
name: Ramachandran, Ramesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The response of a quadrupolar nucleus (nuclear spin with I>1/2) to an oscillating radio-frequency (RF) pulse/field is delicately dependent on the ratio of the quadrupolar coupling constant to the amplitude of the pulse in addition to its duration and oscillating frequency. Consequently, analytic description of the excitation process in the density operator formalism has remained less transparent within existing theoretical frameworks. As an alternative, the utility of the "concept of effective Floquet Hamiltonians" is explored in the present study to explicate the nuances of the excitation process in multilevel systems. Employing spin I=3/2 as a case study, a unified theoretical framework for describing the excitation of multiple-quantum (MQ) transitions in static isotropic and anisotropic solids is proposed within the framework of perturbation theory. The challenges resulting from the anisotropic nature of the quadrupolar interactions are addressed within the effective Hamiltonian framework. The possible role of the various interaction frames on the convergence of the perturbation corrections is discussed along with a proposal for a "hybrid method" for describing the excitation process in anisotropic solids. Employing suitable model systems, the validity of the proposed hybrid method is substantiated through a rigorous comparison between simulations emerging from exact numerical and analytic methods.
description: 71 pages, 27 figures, 9 tables
Additional file 6: of The impact of biological sex on the response to noise and otoprotective therapies against acoustic injury in mice
Creators: name: BĂŠatrice Milon
name: Sunayana Mitra
name: Song, Yang
name: Margulies, Zachary
name: Casserly, Ryan
name: Drake, Virginia
name: Mong, Jessica
name: Depireux, Didier
name: Hertzano, Ronna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Effect of noise on pre-synaptic ribbons and active synapses in IHC. Graphs representing the number of pre-synaptic ribbons (a) and active synapses (b) in IHC of control and vehicle-treated noise-exposed animals. A significant decrease in pre-synaptic ribbons and active synapses is observed at 24 and 32Â kHz in both males and females, but no difference is seen between sexes. Error bars indicate S.E.M. (PDF 418Â kb)
Liquid-gas transitions in steady heat conduction
Creators: name: Nakagawa, Naoko
name: Sasa, Shin-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study liquid-gas transitions of heat conduction systems in contact with two heat baths under constant pressure in the linear response regime. On the basis of local equilibrium thermodynamics, we propose an equality with a global temperature, which determines the volume near the equilibrium liquid-gas transition. We find that the formation of the liquid-gas interface is accompanied by a discontinuous change in the volume when increasing the mean temperature of the baths. A super-cooled gas near the interface is observed as a stable steady state.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures and 9 pages, 1 figure for supplemental material
Energy Spectrum of Thermalizing High Energy Decay Products in the Early Universe
Creators: name: Drees, Manuel
name: Najjari, Bardia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the Boltzmann equation governing the spectrum of energetic particles originating from the decay of massive progenitors during the process of thermalization. We assume that these decays occur when the background temperature $T$ is much less than the mass $M$ of the progenitor. We pay special attention to the IR cutoff provided by the thermal bath, and include the suppression resulting from the interference of multiple scattering reactions (LPM effect). We solve the resulting integral equation numerically, and construct an accurate analytical fit of the solutions.
description: Including subsection 3.3 -- Published Journal Version
Signal Analysis via the Stochastic Geometry of Spectrogram Level Sets
Creators: name: Ghosh, Subhroshekhar
name: Lin, Meixia
name: Sun, Dongfang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Spectrograms are fundamental tools in time-frequency analysis, being the squared magnitude of the so-called short time Fourier transform (STFT). Signal analysis via spectrograms has traditionally explored their peaks, i.e. their maxima. This is complemented by a recent interest in their zeros or minima, following seminal work by Flandrin and others, which exploits connections with Gaussian analytic functions (GAFs). However, the zero sets (or extrema) of GAFs have a complicated stochastic structure, complicating any direct theoretical analysis. Standard techniques largely rely on statistical observables from the analysis of spatial data, whose distributional properties for spectrograms are mostly understood only at an empirical level. In this work, we investigate spectrogram analysis via an examination of the stochastic geometric properties of their level sets. We obtain rigorous theorems demonstrating the efficacy of a spectrogram level sets based approach to the detection and estimation of signals, framed in a concrete inferential set-up. Exploiting these ideas as theoretical underpinnings, we propose a level sets based algorithm for signal analysis that is intrinsic to given spectrogram data, and substantiate its effectiveness via extensive empirical studies. Our results also have theoretical implications for spectrogram zero based approaches to signal analysis. To our knowledge, these results are arguably among the first to provide a rigorous statistical understanding of signal detection and reconstruction in this set up, complemented with provable guarantees on detection thresholds and rates of convergence.
Phubbing on autopilot? An in-situ study on the influence of connection cues on the automatic initiation of phubbing
Creators: name: Anisha Arenz
name: Schnauber-Stockmann, Anna
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Communication
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Phubbing – interacting with a smartphone in a social setting rather than with people present – is a highly prevalent behavior in today’s society, although current research indicates that it is associated with various negative relational effects. In order to design functional interventions against phubbing, it is important to understand its causes. Previous research has conceptualized phubbing primarily as a stable disposition and has focused on determinants of the general tendency to phub rather than addressing specific phubbing situations. However, it can be assumed that not only stable person characteristics, but also specific characteristics of the situation may foster phubbing behavior. Therefore, the present study examines phubbing at the state level and asks about situational predictors of phubbing. It is assumed that phubbing is a form of habitualized smartphone use and is characterized by an automatic initiation. The study focuses the frequency-independent side of habits (automaticity) and examines how phubbing is initiated (i.e., consciously or unconsciously). It highlights the situational context as a behavioral trigger and, based on the habit literature, examines the influence of different types of connection cues (technical, spatial, and mental cues) on the automatic initiation of phubbing.
Charles Frame - Sunk by an Armed Merchant Raider
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: South Shields born Charles Frame and his five brothers were all in the Merchant Navy. In July 1940 his ship the SS Wendover was sank by an armed merchant raider (Thor) off the coast of Canada. In about 1975, a man called August Karl Muggenthaler, very German, wrote to grandfather asking if he would write his memories of the sinking of his ship, the SS Wendover and the things that happened to them, which he did and a couple of things are included in the book, grandfather is in the index and there's some things written about him. "
Keith has a copy of the letter which his grandfather sent to the author. Charles Frame was shot in the leg and spent five years in German Prisoner of War camps including Stalag XB Sandbostel and Marlag und Milag Nord.The first notification his wife Dorothy knew about it was:
''A letter on the 13th of August, 1940 from the shipping company, which I've always found really interesting, it's so unempathetic. Compared to what you would've got today."The letter starts:
''I write to let you know that the Wendover, in which your husband is serving, is now considerably overdue and must be presumed lost. It is early days yet to give up hope for the crew. We only do some conjecture that something must have been intervened in the course of the voyage, which must have robbed Captain Winter of his ship, which is quite likely given the whole crew an opportunity to making their own way to port, or perhaps, as happened before, they may be prisoners. In any case, I refuse for one to give up hope..."Dorothy then had two young children aged two and six and would now have no income. Another letter from the Ministry of Pensions dated July 1945:
"After five years in a prisoner war camp, he received a grand sum of 100 pounds, 13 shilling and five pence."Charles's younger brother Sammy was not a strong swimmer and Charles had to support him in the water when the SS Wendover was sunk and then again when he escaped from a POW camp in 1945.Charles and Sammy Frame were reported in the local paper the Shields Gazette in 1947 that:"2 Shields Men Read Their Obituaries" when they mistakenly were recorded at the local Mission to Seamen as having perished on the SS Wendover.Charles Frame returned to the Merchant Navy after the war until he retired. It was known by the family he was in a POW camp but Charles never mentioned anything about being shot or the bad conditions in the POW camps.Audio and transcription attached.
All tree level scattering amplitudes in Chern-Simons theories with fundamental matter
Creators: name: Inbasekar, Karthik
name: Jain, Sachin
name: Nayak, Pranjal
name: Umesh, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that Britto-Cachazo-Feng-Witten (BCFW) recursion relations can be used to compute all tree level scattering amplitudes in terms of $2\rightarrow2$ scattering amplitude in $U(N)$ ${\mathcal N}=2$ Chern-Simons (CS) theory coupled to matter in fundamental representation. As a byproduct, we also obtain a recursion relation for the CS theory coupled to regular fermions, even though in this case standard BCFW deformations do not have a good asymptotic behaviour. Moreover at large $N$, $2\rightarrow 2$ scattering can be computed exactly to all orders in 't Hooft coupling as was done in earlier works by some of the authors. In particular, for ${\mathcal N}=2$ theory, it was shown that $2\rightarrow 2$ scattering is tree level exact to all orders except in the anyonic channel arXiv:1505.06571, where it gets renormalized by a simple function of 't Hooft coupling. This suggests that it may be possible to compute the all loop exact result for arbitrary higher point scattering amplitudes at large $N$.
description: RevTEX 4.1, 5 pages+6 Appendices, 7 figures; V2 Published version
Additional file 5: of The impact of biological sex on the response to noise and otoprotective therapies against acoustic injury in mice
Creators: name: Milon, Béatrice
name: Sunayana Mitra
name: Song, Yang
name: Margulies, Zachary
name: Casserly, Ryan
name: Drake, Virginia
name: Mong, Jessica
name: Depireux, Didier
name: Hertzano, Ronna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Pre-synaptic ribbons and active synapses at 16 kHz and 24 kHz. Representative fluorescence microscopy images of IHC stained for CtBP2 (red) and GluR2 (green) at 16 kHz (left) and 24 kHz (right) from control and noise-exposed mice. The dotted lines represent the approximate border of one IHC. The inset in the bottom left corner image represent a zoom in of active synapses where CtBP2 and GluR2 partially co-localize. Scale bar represents 10 μm. (PDF 1242 kb)