cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Horocyclic products of trees
Creators: name: Bartholdi, Laurent
name: Neuhauser, Markus
name: Woess, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50, 20E22, 47A10, 60B15

description: Let T_1,..., T_d be homogeneous trees with degrees q_1+1,..., q_d+1>=3, respectively. For each tree, let h:T_j->Z be the Busemann function with respect to a fixed boundary point (end). Its level sets are the horocycles. The horocyclic product of T_1,...,T_d is the graph DL(q_1,...,q_d) consisting of all d-tuples x_1...x_d in T_1x...xT_d with h(x_1)+...+h(x_d)=0, equipped with a natural neighbourhood relation. In the present paper, we explore the geometric, algebraic, analytic and probabilistic properties of these graphs and their isometry groups. If d=2 and q_1=q_2=q then we obtain a Cayley graph of the lamplighter group (wreath product) (Z/qZ) wr Z. If d=3 and q_1=q_2=q_3=q then DL is the Cayley graph of a finitely presented group into which the lamplighter group embeds naturally. Also when d>=4 and q_1=...=q_d=q is such that each prime power in the decomposition of q is larger than d-1, we show that DL is a Cayley graph of a finitely presented group. This group is of type F_{d-1}, but not F_d. It is not automatic, but it is an automata group in most cases. On the other hand, when the q_j do not all coincide, DL(q_1,...,q_d) is a vertex-transitive graph, but is not the Cayley graph of a finitely generated group. Indeed, it does not even admit a group action with finitely many orbits and finite point stabilizers. The l^2-spectrum of the ``simple random walk'' operator on DL is always pure point. When d=2, it is known explicitly from previous work, while for d=3 we compute it explicitly. Finally, we determine the Poisson boundary of a large class of group-invariant random walks on DL. It coincides with a part of the geometric boundary of DL.
description: 41 pages with a few figures in PicTeX
Lodged in the throat: Internal infinities and AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Marolf, Don
name: Yarom, Amos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of AdS3/CFT2, we address spacetimes with a certain sort of internal infinity as typified by the extreme BTZ black hole. The internal infinity is a null circle lying at the end of the black hole's infinite throat. We argue that such spacetimes may be described by a product CFT of the form CFT-L * CFT-R, where CFT-R is associated with the asymptotically AdS boundary while CFT-L is associated with the null circle. Our particular calculations analyze the CFT dual of the extreme BTZ black hole in a linear toy model of AdS3/CFT2. Since the BTZ black hole is a quotient of AdS3, the dual CFT state is a corresponding quotient of the CFT vacuum state. This state turns out to live in the aforementioned product CFT. We discuss this result in the context of general issues of AdS/CFT duality and entanglement entropy.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures; v2 - some typos corrected, minor revisions
Local Models for Scatter Estimation and Descattering in Polyenergetic X-Ray Tomography
Creators: name: McCann, Michael T.
name: Klasky, Marc L.
name: Schei, Jennifer L.
name: Ravishankar, Saiprasad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We propose a new modeling approach for scatter estimation and descattering in polyenergetic X-ray computed tomography (CT) based on fitting models to local neighborhoods of a training set. X-ray CT is widely used in medical and industrial applications. X-ray scatter, if not accounted for during reconstruction, creates a loss of contrast in CT reconstructions and introduces severe artifacts including cupping, shading, and streaks. Even when these qualitative artifacts are not apparent, scatter can pose a major obstacle in obtaining quantitatively accurate reconstructions. Our approach to estimating scatter is, first, to generate a training set of 2D radiographs with and without scatter using particle transport simulation software. To estimate scatter for a new radiograph, we adaptively fit a scatter model to a small subset of the training data containing the radiographs most similar to it. We compared local and global (fit on full data sets) versions of several X-ray scatter models, including two from the recent literature, as well as a recent deep learning-based scatter model, in the context of descattering and quantitative density reconstruction of simulated, spherically symmetrical, single-material objects comprising shells of various densities. Our results show that, when applied locally, even simple models provide state-of-the-art descattering, reducing the error in density reconstruction due to scatter by more than half.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE GOVERNMENT PAYMENT PROGRAM IN US AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Gulati, Sumeet
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: Gulati, Sumeet
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance

description: In an analysis of the determinants of government payments to a farm the paper finds cropping patterns, soil productivity, and more importantly human capital variables such as education, and age as significant. While analyzing the effect of government payments on the profit efficiency of agriculture the paper finds that the inclusion of government payments does not cause structural change in US agriculture (i.e., a change in returns to scale of the underlying technology). Nevertheless, the paper does find evidence of an indirect effect of government payments on efficiency. Farms that received greater government payments on aggregate were more efficient than other farms.
TIME INCONSISTENT RESOURCE CONSERVATION CONTRACTS
Creators: name: Gulati, Sumeet
name: Vercammen, James
name: Gulati, Sumeet
name: Vercammen, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Are commonly observed resource conservation contracts efficient? In this paper we construct a model that embodies common characteristics of resource contracts. Using this model, we analyze a large class of real-world resource contracts and find them to be economically inefficient. This inefficiency stems from a time inconsistency inherent in these contracts. There are two possible ways to overcome this time inconsistency. The first is to employ a sufficiently large penalty for early termination of the contract. The second and possibly easier method is to offer an upward sloping conservation payment schedule so far overlooked by resource contracts. Under this payment schedule, the agent's ex-ante and ex-post contract choices coincide, social externalities are fully internalized, and the contractual outcome is economically efficient even in the absence of a penalty for early termination.
A tiny Galactic dust cloud projected onto NGC 3269?
Creators: name: Dirsch, B.
name: Richtler, T.
name: Gomez, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on new observations obtained with the Magellan Clay-telescope of a tiny dust patch in the Sa-galaxy NGC 3269 in the Antlia galaxy cluster. It has already been suspected to be a projected Galactic foreground cloud. In this case a size of about 4 arcsec and a maximum absorption of ~1 mag in the B-band would make it unique so far. We present further evidence for its Galactic nature from imaging under excellent seeing conditions (0.3-0.6 arcsec). This dust cloud could be the first optically identified counterpart of a new type of molecular cloud recently discovered by Heithausen (2004).
description: Accepted for publication in AJ. 10 pages, 3 figures
Harsch, Helmut (hrsg.): Das neue Bild der Ehe
Creators: name: Wilkens, Erwin
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 19 Nr. 2 (1970): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 19, Heft 2
THE USERS OF LUMBER AND THE US-CANADA SOFTWOOD LUMBER AGREEMENT: AN EVENT STUDY
Creators: name: Malhotra, Nisha
name: Gulati, Sumeet
name: Malhotra, Nisha
name: Gulati, Sumeet
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: In this paper we analyze whether the Softwood Lumber Agreement between US and Canada imposed significant economic costs on the users of Lumber in the US. To ascertain this impact we use an event study. Our event study analyzes variations in the stock prices of lumber using firms listed at the major stock markets in the US. We find that events leading to the Softwood Lumber Agreement had significant negative impacts on the stock prices of industries using softwood lumber. The average reduction of stock prices for our sample of firms was approximately 5.42% over all the events considered.
Checking the Burkardt sum rule for the Sivers function by model calculations
Creators: name: Goeke, K.
name: Meissner, S.
name: Metz, A.
name: Schlegel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sivers mechanism gives rise to a non-zero average transverse momentum of partons inside a transversely polarized target. According to a sum rule of Burkardt this transverse momentum vanishes when summing over all partons. We explicitly check the Burkardt sum rule by means of one-loop calculations for a quark target in perturbative QCD and for a diquark spectator model of the nucleon. In both cases the sum rule is fulfilled.
description: final version, to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Electroweak decay of quark matter within dense astrophysical combustion flames
Creators: name: Rosero-Gil, J. A.
name: Lugones, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the weak interaction processes taking place within a combustion flame that converts dense hadronic matter into quark matter in a compact star. Using the Boltzmann equation we follow the evolution of a small element of just deconfined quark matter all along the flame interior until it reaches chemical equilibrium at the back boundary of the flame. We obtain the reaction rates and neutrino emissivities of all the relevant weak interaction processes without making any assumption about the neutrino degeneracy. We analyse systematically the role the initial conditions of unburnt hadronic matter, such as density, temperature, neutrino trapping and composition, focusing on typical astrophysical scenarios such as cold neutron stars, protoneutron stars, and post merger compact objects. We find that the temperature within the flame rises significantly in a timescale of 1 nanosecond. The increase in $T$ strongly depends on the initial strangeness of hadronic matter and tends to be more drastic at larger densities. Typical final values range between $20$ and $60 \, \mathrm{MeV}$. The nonleptonic process $u + d \rightarrow u + s$ is always dominant in cold stars, but in hot objects the process $u + e^{-} \leftrightarrow d + {ν_e}$ becomes relevant, and in some cases dominant, near chemical equilibrium. The rates for the other processes are orders of magnitude smaller. We find that the neutrino emissivity per baryon is very large, leading to a total energy release per baryon of $2-60 \, \mathrm{MeV}$ in the form of neutrinos along the flame. We discuss some astrophysical consequences of the results.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures
title:  The right to a healthy or decent environment as a social right: acquis and future prospects of the european social charter system
Creators: name: Palmisano  ,  Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2021

description: As emerges from recent trends in international and European human rights law, environmental protection and protection of human rights are complementary and mutually linked. A significant example of the interaction between human rights and protection of environment comes from the European system for the protection of social rights, namely the European Social Charter (ESC) and the practice of the European Committee of Social Rights (ECSR). The present article dwells precisely on the emergence in such system of the right to a healthy environment as an integral part of the right to protection of health, under Article 11 of the ESC, as interpreted and applied by the ECSR. The article then continues to explore further potential and prospects for the protection of environment through the system of the ESC, particularly in the framework of the Charter monitoring procedures (reporting procedure and collective complaints). Lastly, the article proposes some tentative reflections on the possible adoption of a new protocol to the ESC to explicitly incorporate environmental issues into human rights protection. According to the author’s view, this would indeed be a positive response to the challenge that environmental issues pose to human rights, and would constitute a step forward to strengthen the legal protection of both environment and social rights.

Come emerge dalle recenti tendenze nel diritto internazionale ed europeo dei diritti umani, la protezione ambientale e la protezione dei diritti umani sono complementari e reciprocamente collegate. Un esempio significativo dell'interazione tra diritti umani e protezione dell'ambiente viene dal sistema europeo di protezione dei diritti sociali, ovvero la Carta sociale europea (ESC) e la pratica del Comitato europeo dei diritti sociali (ECSR). Il presente articolo si sofferma proprio sull'emergere in tale sistema del diritto a un ambiente sano come parte integrante del diritto alla protezione della salute, ai sensi dell'articolo 11 del CES, come interpretato e applicato dall'ECSR. L'articolo continua quindi ad esplorare ulteriori potenzialità e prospettive per la protezione dell'ambiente attraverso il sistema del CES, in particolare nel quadro delle procedure di monitoraggio della Carta (procedura di segnalazione e reclami collettivi). Infine, l'articolo propone alcune riflessioni provvisorie sulla possibile adozione di un nuovo protocollo al CES per incorporare esplicitamente le questioni ambientali nella tutela dei diritti umani. Secondo il punto di vista dell'autore, questa sarebbe davvero una risposta positiva alla sfida che le questioni ambientali pongono ai diritti umani e costituirebbe un passo avanti per rafforzare la protezione giuridica sia dell'ambiente che dei diritti sociali.
description: Roma Tre Law Review – 02/2020
Transcendance de périodes: état des connaissances
Creators: name: Waldschmidt, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11J81; 11J86; 11J89

description: Les nombres réels ou complexes forment un ensemble ayant la puissance du continu. Parmi eux, ceux qui sont intéressants, qui apparaissent naturellement, qui méritent notre attention, forment un ensemble dénombrable. Dans cet état d'esprit nous nous intéressons aux périodes au sens de Kontsevich et Zagier. Nous faisons le point sur l'état de nos connaissances concernant la nature arithmétique de ces nombres: décider si une période est un nombre rationnel, algébrique irrationnel ou au contraire transcendant est l'objet de quelques théorèmes et de beaucoup de conjectures. Nous précisons aussi ce qui est connu sur l'approximation diophantienne de tels nombres, par des nombres rationnels ou algébriques.
description: Proceedings of the 11th symposium of the Tunisian Mathematical Society held in Tunis, Tunisia -- March 15-18, 2004. http://www.african-j-math.org/ http://www.math.jussieu.fr/~miw/articles/pdf/MahdiaPeriodes.pdf
Detecting climate teleconnections with Granger causality
Creators: name: Silva, Filipi N
name: Vega-Oliveros, Didier A.
name: Yan, Xiaoran
name: Flammini, Alessandro
name: Menczer, Filippo
name: Radicchi, Filippo
name: Kravitz, Ben
name: Fortunato, Santo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Climate system teleconnections are crucial for improving climate predictability, but difficult to quantify. Standard approaches to identify teleconnections are often based on correlations between time series. Here we present a novel method leveraging Granger causality, which can infer/detect relationships between any two fields. We compare teleconnections identified by correlation and Granger causality at different timescales. We find that both Granger causality and correlation consistently recover known seasonal precipitation responses to the sea surface temperature pattern associated with the El Niño Southern Oscillation. Such findings are robust across multiple time resolutions. In addition, we identify candidates for unexplored teleconnection responses.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, code can be found in https://github.com/filipinascimento/teleconnectionsgranger
B Meson Semileptonic Form Factors from Unquenched Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Gulez, Emel
name: Gray, Alan
name: Wingate, Matthew
name: Davies, Christine T. H.
name: Lepage, G. Peter
name: Shigemitsu, Junko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The semileptonic process, B --> πl ν, is studied via full QCD Lattice simulations. We use unquenched gauge configurations generated by the MILC collaboration. These include the effect of vacuum polarization from three quark flavors: the $s$ quark and two very light flavors ($u/d$) of variable mass allowing extrapolations to the physical chiral limit. We employ Nonrelativistic QCD to simulate the $b$ quark and a highly improved staggered quark action for the light sea and valence quarks. We calculate the form factors $f_+(q^2)$ and $f_0(q^2)$ in the chiral limit for the range 16 GeV$^2 \leq q^2 < q^2_{max}$ and obtain $\int^{q^2_{max}}_{16 GeV^2} [dΓ/dq^2] dq^2 / |v_{ub}|^2 = 1.46(35) ps^{-1}$. Combining this with a preliminary average by the Heavy Flavor Averaging Group (HFAG'05) of recent branching fraction data for exclusive B semileptonic decays from the BaBar, Belle and CLEO collaborations, leads to $|V_{ub}| = 4.22(30)(51) \times 10^{-3}$. PLEASE NOTE APPENDIX B with an ERRATUM, to appear in Physical Review D, to the published version of this e-print (Phys.Rev.D 73, 074502 (2006)). Results for the form factor $f_+(q^2)$ in the chiral limit have changed significantly. The last two sentences in this abstract should now read; "We calculate the form factor $f_+(q^2)$ and $f_0(q^2)$ in the chiral limit for the range 16 Gev$^2 \leq q^2 < q^2_{max}$ and obtain $\int^{q^2_{max}}_{16 GeV^2} [dΓ/dq^2] dq^2 / |V_{ub}|^2 = 2.07(57)ps^{-1}$. Combining this with a preliminary average by the Heavy Flavor Averagibg Group (HFAG'05) of recent branching fraction data for exclusive B semileptonic decays from the BaBar, Belle and CLEO collaborations, leads to $|V_{ub}| = 3.55(25)(50) \times 10^{-3}$."
description: 15 pages, 14 figures. This replacement includes the original version of the e-print, as published in Phys.Rev.D{\bf 73}, 074502 (2006), and additionally a new Appendix B with an ERRATUM to appear in Physicsl Review D. Results for the form factor $f_+(q^2)$ in the chiral limit have changed considerably
Static spherical perfect fluid stars with finite radius in general relativity: a review
Creators: name: Nambo, Emmanuel Chavez
name: Sarbach, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we provide a pedagogical review of the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equation and its solutions which describe static, spherically symmetric gaseous stars in general relativity. Our discussion starts with a systematic derivation of the TOV equation from the Einstein field equations and the relativistic Euler equations. Next, we give a proof for the existence and uniqueness of solutions of the TOV equation describing a star of finite radius, assuming suitable conditions on the equation of state characterizing the gas. We also prove that the compactness of the gas contained inside a sphere centered at the origin satisfies the well-known Buchdahl bound, independent of the radius of the sphere. Further, we derive the equation of state for an ideal, classical monoatomic relativistic gas from statistical mechanics considerations and show that it satisfies our assumptions for the existence of a unique solution describing a finite radius star. Although none of the results discussed in this article are new, they are usually scattered in different articles and books in the literature; hence it is our hope that this article will provide a self-contained and useful introduction to the topic of relativistic stellar models.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures. Typos corrected and references added
Practical guide for aphasia-friendly summaries (Kasdan et al., 2025)
Creators: name: Kasdan, Anna V.
name: Levy, Deborah F.
name: Pedisich, Isaac
name: M. Wilson, Stephen
name: Herrington, Dominique
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 470102
subject: Communication technology and digital media studies
classificationCode: 460801
subject: Accessible computing
classificationCode: 420318
subject: People with disability

description: Purpose: Research in aphasiology is largely not accessible. Almost none of the articles published in the field’s rich, over 150-year history are communicated in a way that is understandable to those who could benefit from them the most—individuals with aphasia and their loved ones. In this tutorial, we detail how researchers in any field of aphasiology can create aphasia-friendly research summaries of their scientific publications. This step-by-step guide in eight simple parts covers principles of aphasia-friendly written communication (e.g., use of plain language and supportive icons and images) and makes use of freely available resources. We also introduce a prototype tool—Article Friend—that automatically generates aphasia-friendly abstracts to jump-start this process for researchers; this preliminary tool serves as a proof of concept that creating accessible research can be an efficient, sustainable practice in the scientific publishing landscape.Conclusions: The tutorial provides researchers with specific tools and examples to effectively and easily create aphasia-friendly summaries of their publications. Principles from our tutorial extend beyond aphasia and can apply to consumers affected by other communication and cognitive disorders, such as developmental language disorder, dementia, and traumatic brain injury. Making research available to patient stakeholders and their loved ones can empower them to access and understand the research they have contributed to, ultimately furthering increased community engagement and interchange between researchers, clinicians, consumers with aphasia, and policymakers.Supplemental Material S1. The aphasia group of middle Tennessee: How it works.Supplemental Material S2. Using math and the brain to predict language recovery after stroke.Supplemental Material S3. Helpful aphasia group at Vanderbilt.Supplemental Material S4. Predicting speech recovery after stroke.Kasdan, A. V., Levy, D. F., Pedisich, I., Wilson, S. M., & Herrington, D. (2025). A practical guide to translating scientific publications into aphasia-friendly summaries. Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1044/2025_PERSP-24-00141
Factors Influencing Bred Heifer Price
Creators: name: Griffith, Andrew P.
name: Boyer, Christopher N.
name: Thompson, Jada M.
name: Rhinehart, Justin
name: Burdine, Kenny
name: Laurent, Kevin
name: Griffith, Andrew P.
name: Boyer, Christopher N.
name: Thompson, Jada M.
name: Rhinehart, Justin
name: Burdine, Kenny
name: Laurent, Kevin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: cattle
subject: bred heifer
subject: prices
subject: marketing

description: Replacing breeding females or growing the beef cattle herd with heifers is a frequent decision for beef cattle producers, and it has long-term profitability implications. Producers understand replacement heifers require a substantial financial investment and the return on an animal is uncertain. Previous studies report a heifer’s lifetime profitability primarily depends on cattle prices and development costs (Mathews & Short, 2001; Ibendahl et al., 2004; Mackay et al., 2004; Clark et al., 2005). Cattle producers commonly raise their own replacement heifers. The alternative of purchasing heifers may come with the advantages of: • Introducing improved genetics to increase productivity; • Reducing labor and feed costs from managing heifers separately from the cow herd; and • Confirmed pregnancy at the time of purchase. These potential advantages along with heifer physical characteristics, reproductive management characteristics and cattle market prices influence the value of these animals. What has not been evaluated is how reproductive management characteristics and feeder cattle prices impact bred heifer value. It is important to understand if other factors influence bred heifer value and what total impact those factors may have. The objective of this project is to determine how reproductive characteristics and feeder cattle prices influence bred heifer prices. By reporting the results from the following study this publication should provide information to assist buyers and sellers of bred beef heifers in determining the value of the animal.
Mixed Wino Dark Matter: Consequences for Direct, Indirect and Collider Detection
Creators: name: Baer, Howard
name: Mustafayev, Azar
name: Park, Eun-Kyung
name: Profumo, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In supersymmetric models with gravity-mediated SUSY breaking and gaugino mass unification, the predicted relic abundance of neutralinos usually exceeds the strict limits imposed by the WMAP collaboration. One way to obtain the correct relic abundance is to abandon gaugino mass universality and allow a mixed wino-bino lightest SUSY particle (LSP). The enhanced annihilation and scattering cross sections of mixed wino dark matter (MWDM) compared to bino dark matter lead to enhanced rates for direct dark matter detection, as well as for indirect detection at neutrino telescopes and for detection of dark matter annihilation products in the galactic halo. For collider experiments, MWDM leads to a reduced but significant mass gap between the lightest neutralinos so that chi_2^0 two-body decay modes are usually closed. This means that dilepton mass edges-- the starting point for cascade decay reconstruction at the CERN LHC-- should be accessible over almost all of parameter space. Measurement of the m_{\tz_2}-m_{\tz_1} mass gap at LHC plus various sparticle masses and cross sections as a function of beam polarization at the International Linear Collider (ILC) would pinpoint MWDM as the dominant component of dark matter in the universe.
description: 29 pages including 19 eps figures
Roux, Hebert: Not und Verheißung des Zweiten Vatikanischen Konzils
Creators: name: Frieling, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 19 Nr. 2 (1970): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 19, Heft 2
Folate intakes and knowledge of women of childbearing age : the status in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia
Creators: name: French, Melissa Robin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Women capable of becoming pregnant are encouraged to increase their folate intake to reduce the risk of neural tube defects. This cross-sectional study estimated folate intake and knowledge in a sample of 148 women of childbearing age (18-45 years) living in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to determine folate knowledge and folate intake was assessed by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Folic acid fortification of bread and grain products increased folate intake by 104 + 68 ug synthetic folic acid (SFA)/day from 296 + 153 ug Dietary Folate Equivalents (DFEVday to 470 + 200 ug (DFE)/day (p < 0.001). Supplements contributed an average of 205 ± 388 ug SFA/day. Mean daily folate intake from food folate, fortified foods and supplementation was 812 + 710 ug DFE/day. Even though 85.7% of women were meeting the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR; 320 ug DFE/day) for folate, only 25.7% were meeting the recommendation (400 ug SFA/day) for women capable of becoming pregnant. Most women (94.6%) had heard of folate but only 25% were aware that folate can prevent birth defects. One quarter of women had good or very good knowledge of foods containing folate. The most common sources of information on folate were magazines/newspapers, doctors and television/radio. A lack of awareness of the importance of folic acid was the most common reason for choosing not to use folic acid supplements before pregnancy. Seventy-eight percent of women indicated that, with knowledge of the benefits of folic acid, they would be willing to take a supplement containing folic acid daily to reduce the risk of birth abnormalities. Strategies are required to increase folate intake among women and to promote the benefits of periconceptional folic acid supplementation.
Arithmetic subsequences in a random ordering of an additive set
Creators: name: Goh, Marcel K.
name: Zhao, Rosie Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B25

description: For a finite set $A$ of size $n$, an ordering is an injection from $\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$ to $A$. We present results concerning the asymptotic properties of the length $L_n$ of the longest arithmetic subsequence in a random ordering of an additive set $A$. In the torsion-free case where $A = [1,n]^d\subseteq {\bf Z}^d$, we prove that $L_n\sim 2d\log n/\log\log n$. We show that the case $A = {\bf Z}/n{\bf Z}$ behaves asymptotically like the torsion-free case with $d=1$, and then use this fact to compute the expected length of the longest arithmetic subsequence in a random ordering of an arbitrary finite abelian group. We also prove that the number of orderings of ${\bf Z}/n{\bf Z}$ without any arithmetic subsequence of length $3$ is $2^{n-1}$ when $n\geq 2$ is a power of $2$, and zero otherwise. We conclude with a concrete application to elementary $p$-groups and a discussion of possible noncommutative generalisations.
description: 15 pages, 2 tables. Various edits to match journal version
Detektion von Blattlausbefall in Salatpflanzen
Creators: name: Junker-Frohn, Laura Verena
name: Siegmann, Bastian
name: Quarten, Michael
name: Tholen, Tobias
name: Jaenicke, Hannah
name: Rascher, Uwe
name: Muller, Onno
Publisher: name: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft
Year: 2021

description: Blattläuse sind häufig auftretende Schädlinge in Salatkulturen. Selbst ein geringer Befall wird von Konsumenten nicht toleriert und führt somit zu einen Ausschluss von der Vermarktung. Um Blattläuse im Produkt zu vermeiden, werden Salatfelder bei ersten Anzeichen von Befall mit Pflanzenschutzmitteln behandelt, um jegliche Ausbreitung von Blattläusen zu unterbinden. Der Befall mit Blattläusen ist innerhalb eines Feldes ist in einem frühen Befallsstadium jedoch oft sehr heterogen. Das heißt, dass nur ein kleiner Teil der mit Pflanzenschutzmitteln behandelten Pflanzen tatsächlich von Blattläusen befallen ist. Im Sinne der Präzisionslandwirtschaft könnte eine selektive Behandlung blattlausbefallener Pflanzen mit Pflanzenschutzmitteln den Pflanzenschutzmitteleinsatz reduzieren, ohne zu Ernteeinbußen zu führen. Jedoch gibt es bisher keine Detektionsmethode für blattlausbefallene Salatpflanzen. Für andere Nutzpflanzen wie Weizen, Soja und Hirse konnte bereits gezeigt werden, dass eine systemische Stressreaktion der Pflanzen auf Blattlausbefall durch Messung der spektralen Reflektion von Blättern und Pflanzen auf der Bestandsebene detektiert werden kann. Um zu untersuchen, wie sich Blattlausbefall auf die spektrale Reflektion von Salat auswirkt, haben wir eine Reihe von Experimenten unter Feld-, Freiland-, Gewächshaus und Laborbedingungen durchgeführt, um Unterschiede in der spektralen Reflektion von Kontroll- und blattlausbefallenen Pflanzen zu identifizieren. Hierbei wurden sowohl Punktsensoren zur Erfassung der systemischen Stressreaktion von Einzelpflanzen sowie hyperspektrale Bildgebungsverfahren zur Identifikation lokalisierter Stressreaktionen eingesetzt. Leider ließen sich keine charakteristischen Veränderungen der spektralen Reflektion unter Blattlausbefall identifizieren, anhand derer Blattlausbefall detektierbar wäre. Die Detektion der anscheinend subtilen biotischen Stressreaktion von Salatpflanzen auf Blattlausbefall mittels Punktsensoren wird durch die Kopfbildung der Pflanzen sowie weitere unter Feldbedingungen auftretende Einflussfaktoren wie Pflanzenalter, Sorte und abiotische Bedingungen erschwert. Als Fazit bleibt daher zu sagen, dass die frühzeitige Detektion von Blattlausbefall in Salat, d.h. der Befall durch einzelne Blattläuse, nicht anhand von Messungen der spektralen Reflektion detektiert werden kann. Der Einsatz von Messungen der spektralen Reflektanz zur Detektion von biotischem Stress auf Blattlausbefall ist daher vielversprechender bei Pflanzen mit offenerer Morphologie sowie einer höheren Schadschwelle für Blattlausbefall.
description: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft, Aktuelle Beiträge
A Category of Spectral Triples and Discrete Groups with Length Function
Creators: name: Bertozzini, Paolo
name: Conti, Roberto
name: Lewkeeratiyutkul, Wicharn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L87 (Primary); 18F99, 20C07, 22D15 (Secondary)

description: In the context of A. Connes' spectral triples, a suitable notion of morphism is introduced. Discrete groups with length function provide a natural example for our definitions. A. Connes' construction of spectral triples for group algebras is a covariant functor from the category of discrete groups with length functions to that of spectral triples. Several interesting lines for future study of the categorical properties of spectral triples and their variants are suggested.
description: 23 pages, AMS-LaTeX2e
title:  Joint sections of italian court of cassation, judgment no. 8236/2020: a change in the definition of legitimate interest?
Creators: name: Salvato  ,  Antonia
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2021

description: In Judgment No. 8236/2020 of the Joint Sections of the Italian Court of Cassation, the judges affirmed the jurisdiction of the ordinary judge over the damage caused by misbehaviour of the public administration. It is indeed stated that this incorrect behaviour generates an infringement of the private individual’s general subjective right to the respect of good faith by public authorities. Is judgement, if on the one hand qualifies the relationship between public administration and private individual as a “qualified social contact” – following the previous majority case-law –, on the other hand, declaring the jurisdiction of the ordinary judge, implicitly rejects the current notion of legitimate interest. Today, in fact, the subjective legal situation of legitimate interest can no longer be summarized in the mere interest of the private individual in the legitimacy of the administrative act. e notion of legitimate interest has a relational dimension: legitimate interest of the private individual includes the general claim that public power behaves according to correctness and good faith. After this judgement, it is correct to ask whether there is change in the definition of legitimate interest

Nella sentenza n. 8236/2020 delle Sezioni Unite della Corte di Cassazione Italiana, i giudici hanno affermato la giurisdizione del giudice ordinario sui danni causati da comportamenti scorretti della pubblica amministrazione. Si afferma infatti che questo comportamento scorretto genera una violazione del diritto soggettivo generale del privato al rispetto della buona fede da parte delle autorità pubbliche. Questo giudizio, se da un lato qualifica il rapporto tra pubblica amministrazione e individuo privato come “referente sociale qualificato” - secondo la precedente giurisprudenza maggioritaria -, in merito dall'altra, dichiarando la giurisdizione del giudice ordinario, rigetta implicitamente la nozione attuale di legittimo interesse. Oggi, infatti, la situazione giuridica soggettiva di legittimo interesse non può più essere riassunti nel mero interesse del privato alla legittimità dell'amministrazione atto. La nozione di interesse legittimo ha una dimensione relazionale: interesse legittimo del privato individuo include l'affermazione generale che il potere pubblico si comporta secondo correttezza e bene fede. Dopo questa sentenza, è corretto chiedersi se c'è un cambiamento nella definizione di legittimo interesse
description: Roma Tre Law Review – 02/2020
Applikationshinweis für DC-SPDs innerhalb von DC-Schnell-Ladesystemen
Creators: name: Grumm, Florian
name: Schifferdecker, Maximilian
name: Schulz, Detlef
Publisher: name: Helmut-Schmidt-Universität / Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Fakultät für Elektrotechnik, Professur für Elektrische Energiesysteme
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Überspannungsschutz
subject: DC-Schnell-Ladesystem
subject: High Power Charger
subject: Kurzschlussschutz
subject: DC-SPD
subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften

description: Dieser Applikationshinweis beschreibt die Gefahr, die bei unzureichender Überstrom-Absicherung von DC-SPDs in DC-Schnell-Ladesystemen besteht. DC-Schnell-Ladesysteme verbinden sich direkt mit der Traktionsbatterie eines elektrischen Kraftfahrzeuges. Tritt ein niederohmiger Kurzschluss des DC-SPD‘s auf, speist die Traktionsbatterie den entstehenden Kurzschlussstrom. Aufgrund der hohen Kurzschlussströme von Traktionsbatterien im Kiloampere-Bereich entsteht bei unzureichender Überstrom-Absicherung des DC-SPD‘s eine Brandgefahr innerhalb des DC-Schnell-Ladesystems. In diesem Beitrag werden zwei Maßnahmen zur Überstrom-Absicherung der DC-SPDs vorgestellt, um die Brandgefahr zu vermeiden.
The X(3872) Meson and "Exotic" Spectroscopy at CDF II
Creators: name: Bauer, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A spate of remarkable new hadrons reported in 2003 may lead to unequivocal proof of states beyond conventional $q\bar{q}$ and $qqq$ structure. Claimed baryonic states Theta+, Phi, and Theta^0_c would consist of five quarks, and new D_{sJ}-states and/or X(3872) might contain four quarks. I review efforts to search for and study this ``new'' spectroscopy in pbarp-collisions with the CDF II detector. Pentaquark searches are negative, and no evidence for exotic analogs of D_{sJ}-states was found. CDF has confirmed the X(3872). My main focus is the production and decay properties of the X(3872), and its possible interpretations. (Contains Copyrighted material, Readers may view, browse, and/or download material for temporary copying purposes only, provided these uses are for noncomercial personal purposes. Execpt as provided by law, this material may not be further reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, adapted, performed, displayed, published, or sold in whole or part, without written permission from the publisher.)
description: Submitted to International Journal of Modern Physics A, 33 pages, 18 figures. (Contains Copyrighted material, downloads authorized for noncommercial personal use only)
Managing the Risk of European Corn Borer Resistance of Transgenic Corn: An Assessment of Refuge Recommendations
Creators: name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Secchi, Silvia
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
name: Hellmich, Richard L.
name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Secchi, Silvia
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
name: Hellmich, Richard L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Industry and scientists have worked to develop a high-dose refuge management plan that can effectively delay European corn borer (ECB) resistance to new genetically modified pesticidal corn. For a high dose, the corn expresses enough pesticide to kill all but the most resistant corn borers. For refuge, producers plant a traditional corn variety that allows susceptible corn borers to thrive and mate with resistant corn borers, slowing the proliferation of resistance. In general, the more refuge that is planted the less likely resistance. While there is general agreement on the basic premise of the high-dose refuge plan, how much refuge is needed to manage resistance is still being debated. This paper develops a stochastic agricultural production model to assess and provide insight into the reasons why refuge recommendations remain controversial. We find that (a) reducing the risk of resistance requires decreasing agricultural productivity, (b) new technologies that are currently being tested will reduce the risk of resistance, (c) producer noncompliance increases the risk of resistance, and (d) nonrandom mating in the ECB populations increases the risk of resistance. Disagreements over the importance of nonrandom mating and producer compliance can be resolved with additional research. Controversy will remain, however, as long as producers and industry continue to bear most of the financial cost of reducing the risk of resistance through higher refuge recommendations.
CHINA'S DAIRY MARKET: CONSUMER DEMAND SURVEY AND SUPPLY CHARACTERISTICS
Creators: name: Fuller, Frank H.
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Hu, Dinghuan
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Fuller, Frank H.
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Hu, Dinghuan
name: Rozelle, Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: China
subject: dairy products
subject: demand
subject: production
subject: supply chain
subject: survey data

description: This report documents data and other information gathered from a survey of urban households in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, China. The survey was conducted as part of a research project aimed at understanding the evolution of dairy markets in Asia and the implications for dairy product trade. The survey data provide insights into the purchasing behavior and attitudes of urban consumers in China with respect to dairy products. The report describes the survey and collection process, summarizes selected data from the survey, and provides anecdotal information about the development of dairy production, processing, and product marketing in China.
Linear-in-$T$ resistivity from semiholographic non-Fermi liquid models
Creators: name: Douçot, Benoît
name: Mukhopadhyay, Ayan
name: Policastro, Giuseppe
name: Samanta, Sutapa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a semiholographic effective theory in which the electron of a two-dimensional band hybridizes with a fermionic operator of a critical holographic sector, while also interacting with other bands that preserve quasiparticle characteristics. Besides the scaling dimension $ν$ of the fermionic operator in the holographic sector, the effective theory has two {dimensionless} couplings $α$ and $γ$ determining the holographic and Fermi-liquid-type contributions to the self-energy respectively. We find that irrespective of the choice of the holographic critical sector, there exists a ratio of the effective couplings for which we obtain linear-in-$T$ resistivity for a wide range of temperatures. This scaling persists to arbitrarily low temperatures when $ν$ approaches unity in which limit we obtain a marginal Fermi liquid with a specific temperature dependence of the self-energy.
description: Derivation of Green's function is included in the appendix. Minor revision in the main text
The CKM matrix and CP violation (in the continuum approximation)
Creators: name: Ligeti, Zoltan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first part of this talk reviews recent developments in flavor physics that can be made without detailed understanding of hadronic physics, driven by the data. The error of sin(2beta) has shrunk below 5%, and the measurements of alpha and gamma have reached interesting precisions. For the first time, there are significant constraints on the deviations from the standard model in B-Bbar mixing and in b->s and b->d transitions. In the second part, I review some theoretical developments for exclusive semileptonic and nonleptonic B decays that have become possible using the soft-collinear effective theory. I concentrate on topics where the recent progress has model independent implications for interpreting the data.
description: Plenary talk at the XXIIIrd International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, 25-30 July 2005, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
A Sampling-Based Method for Tensor Ring Decomposition
Creators: name: Malik, Osman Asif
name: Becker, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a sampling-based method for computing the tensor ring (TR) decomposition of a data tensor. The method uses leverage score sampled alternating least squares to fit the TR cores in an iterative fashion. By taking advantage of the special structure of TR tensors, we can efficiently estimate the leverage scores and attain a method which has complexity sublinear in the number of input tensor entries. We provide high-probability relative-error guarantees for the sampled least squares problems. We compare our proposal to existing methods in experiments on both synthetic and real data. Our method achieves substantial speedup -- sometimes two or three orders of magnitude -- over competing methods, while maintaining good accuracy. We also provide an example of how our method can be used for rapid feature extraction.
description: Accepted to ICML 2021