cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Humanized Mice for the Generation of HIV-1 Human Monoclonal Antibodies
Creators: name: Gawron, Melissa
name: Duval, Mark
name: Brehm, Michael A.
name: Greiner, Dale
name: Shultz, Leonard D.
name: Jaiswal, Smita
name: McCauley, Sean M.
name: Dauphin, Ann
name: Luban, Jeremy
name: Cavacini, Lisa
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Background: Despite the length of time HIV has been wreaking havoc on its victims, improvements in the prevention and treatment of HIV are needed. Anti-retroviral therapy can be effective but is expensive and not entirely accessible for people infected in third world countries. Several promising broadly neutralizing antibodies have been isolated from infected individuals; we propose that generating antigen specific human monoclonal antibodies using humanized mice further represents a promising approach to engineer prophylactic antibodies to reduce spread and infection of HIV.

Methods: Immunodeficient mice were engrafted with fetal liver and thymus (BLT) prior to infection with different HIV isolates. HIV infection of the mice was monitored by viral load and antibody response followed by ELISA using gp120, gp41 or gp120/CD4 complex as antigens. Approximately 8-12 weeks post infection, spleens were harvested and splenocytes fused with human fusion partner HMMA 2.5 to isolate antibody-expressing hybridomas. Lead clones were scaled and purified for testing in functional assays such as TZM-bl neutralization assays as well as ADCVI to determine neutralizing and cytotoxic ability of the antibodies. Antibody sequences were also determined for analysis.

Results: A robust, specific antibody response, of both IgG and IgA isotypes, was generated in response to HIV infection. Over 60 hybridomas were created that were not only immunoreactive with env antigens, but also had neutralization activity. Moreover, variable family usage was not limited and somatic mutation was clearly evident.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that humanized BLT mice are a novel source for well-characterized, stable human monoclonal antibodies to HIV.
Training Data Improvement for Image Forgery Detection using Comprint
Creators: name: Mareen, Hannes
name: Bussche, Dante Vanden
name: Van Wallendael, Glenn
name: Verdoliva, Luisa
name: Lambert, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Manipulated images are a threat to consumers worldwide, when they are used to spread disinformation. Therefore, Comprint enables forgery detection by utilizing JPEG-compression fingerprints. This paper evaluates the impact of the training set on Comprint's performance. Most interestingly, we found that including images compressed with low quality factors during training does not have a significant effect on the accuracy, whereas incorporating recompression boosts the robustness. As such, consumers can use Comprint on their smartphones to verify the authenticity of images.
description: Will be presented at the International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE) 2023 in Las Vegas, NV, USA
title: Sex differences in cognition, emotional reactivity, and motor ability in gonadally-intact middle-aged marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)
Creators: name: Gervais, Nichole J.
name: Workman, Kathryn P.
name: LaClair, Matthew
name: Lacreuse, Agnes
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Sex differences in cognition are well documented. Women outperform men on measures of perceptual speed and verbal abilities, while men outperform women on tests of spatial processing. Robust sex differences also exist in stress responses. However, it is unclear how these sex differences change over time and whether males and females follow different trajectories of age-related cognitive decline. Studies in nonhuman primate models can help resolve this issue. The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is a New World primate with a short lifespan that can perform complex cognitive tasks in computerized settings that are comparable to those used with humans. The present study is part of a longitudinal project aimed at determining whether males and females follow different trajectories of cognitive aging. This report focuses on sex differences at study entry. Thirteen marmosets (7 females), aged 4-6 years were tested on a comprehensive battery of tasks assessing cognitive function, motor skills and emotional reactivity. For cognition, monkeys were initially trained on a simple visual discrimination problem, followed by reversal learning using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). They also performed the Hill-and-Valley task as a measure of fine motor skills. To assess emotional reactivity, each marmoset was separated from their colony for 7 hours. Behavioral assessments, which involved recording the occurrence of approximately 25 behaviors, occurred a total of 6 times: immediately before separation, 3 times during separation, immediately after separation, and 24-hr later. No sex difference was found for simple discrimination, but males tended to perform better than females on the reversal learning task. No sex difference was observed in motor skills. During separation from the colony, females were more reactive than males, as indicated by more agitated locomotion, and vocalizations. Together, these findings expand upon previous studies and demonstrate sex differences in reversal learning and emotional reactivity in gonadally-intact middle-aged marmosets. As the study progresses, we should be able to determine the neural correlates of these sex differences and how they may change with aging. Supported by NIH grant AG046266
Spin(7) duality for N=1 CS-matter theories
Creators: name: Amariti, Antonio
name: Forcella, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we propose a duality for non-holomorphic N=1 CS-matter theories living on M2 branes probing Spin(7) cones. We call this duality Spin(7) duality. Two theories are named Spin(7) dual if they have the same moduli space: a real Spin(7) cone with base a weak G_2 manifold, and they are hence holographic dual to the same AdS_4 x G_2 M theory solution. We provide a systematic way to generate these dualities, derived by combining toric duality for N=2 CS-matter theories and generalized non-holomorphic orientifold projections to N=1. Brane construction, AdS/CFT correspondence, and the computation of the moduli space support our proposal at the classical level and provide some arguments at the quantum strong coupling regime. The relation with Seiberg-like duality is also analyzed.
description: 37 pages, 3 figures
Suspected Hazardous Waste (adapted from NSPE Case No. 92-6)
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2006
Subjects: Catastrophes, Hazards, Disasters
Confidentiality
Employer/Employee Relationships
Engineer/Client Relationships
Environmental Justice
Ethics and Society
Law and Public Policy
Public Health and Safety
Public Well-being
Research and Practice
Safety
Social Responsibility
Sustainability
Workplace Ethics

description: A supervisor instructs a student engineer to withhold information from a client about the suspected nature of waste on the client's property to protect what the supervisor takes to be the client's interest.
Feasibility of underwater free space quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Shi, Peng
name: Zhao, Shi-Cheng
name: Li, Wen-Dong
name: Gu, Yong-Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the optical absorption and scattering properties of underwater media pertinent to our underwater free space quantum key distribution (QKD) channel model. With the vector radiative transfer theory and Monte Carlo method, we obtain the attenuation of photons, the fidelity of the scattered photons, the quantum bit error rate and the sifted key generation rate of underwater quantum communication. It can be observed from our simulations that the most secure single photon underwater free space QKD is feasible in the clearest ocean water.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Lyapunov stability of the subgradient method with constant step size
Creators: name: Josz, Cédric
name: Lai, Lexiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65K05 90C30

description: We consider the subgradient method with constant step size for minimizing locally Lipschitz semi-algebraic functions. In order to analyze the behavior of its iterates in the vicinity of a local minimum, we introduce a notion of discrete Lyapunov stability and propose necessary and sufficient conditions for stability.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
title: Developing anti-GDF6 therapeutics for treatment of advanced melanoma
Creators: name: Gramann, Alec
name: Venkatesan, Arvind
name: Monir, Ejemel
name: Wisheart, Danielle
name: Wang, Yan
name: Ceol, Craig J.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Melanoma, the leading cause of skin cancer death in the U.S., is increasing in incidence. Targeted therapies have been approved for treatment of advanced melanoma, but few patients experience extended survival benefit. In order to combat poor outcomes, new therapeutic targets are needed. Using cross-species oncogenomic analyses, our lab has identified a novel melanoma driver, Growth differentiation factor 6 (GDF6), a secreted bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) ligand that is amplified and overexpressed in human melanomas. Functional analyses show GDF6 acts via the BMP-SMAD1 pathway as a pro-survival factor in melanomas. Inhibiting GDF6 or the BMP pathway using shRNAs or the small molecule inhibitor, DMH1, induces melanoma cell death thereby abrogating melanoma growth in mouse xenografts. These results suggest GDF6 is an optimal target melanoma therapy. In order to better understand the dynamics of GDF6 signaling in melanoma cells, we are currently investigating the effect of exogenous GDF6 on cells with inhibited GDF6 expression to determine the required concentration to activate SMAD1 signaling and rescue viability. As GDF6 is a secreted ligand, we proposed developing antibodies to block the GDF6 interaction at its receptor, thereby inhibiting signaling. In collaboration with MassBiologics, we have generated a panel of monoclonal antibodies targeting GDF6. To identify antibodies capable of blocking GDF6 activity, we have devised a series of assays to eliminate antibodies from the panel. First, candidates are screened for affinity to GDF6. Second, candidates are screened for ability to block interaction between GDF6 and its receptor. Third, candidates are evaluated for ability to inhibit downstream signaling via SMAD1 pathway. After selection of final candidates, we will use a xenograft model to determine ability to inhibit melanoma growth in vivo. Currently, we have identified antibodies that are able to recognize GDF6 via western blot, and are proceeding to screen these antibodies for anti-GDF6 activity.
title: Burden of Adverse Metabolic Factors Is Associated With Increased Left Ventricular Concentricity in Adults With Normal-Range Body Mass Index: The Framingham Heart Study
Creators: name: Gona, Philimon
name: Lee, Jane
name: Salton, Carol J.
name: O'Donnell, Christopher J.
name: Manning, Warren J.
name: Chuang, Michael L.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Introduction: Persons with normal-range body mass index (BMI) but adverse metabolic characteristics associated with obesity have been described as metabolically-obese normal weight (MONW). We sought to determine whether adverse metabolic profile is associated with alterations in left ventricular (LV) structure or function among adults with normal BMI. Methods: From the 1794 Framingham Heart Study Offspring cohort adults who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) , we identified 446 free of non-skin cancer and prevalent clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) who had 18.5≤BMI<25.0 kg/m2 and complete covariates. We calculated a metabolic score (MS) where 1 point was assigned for each of: a) fasting glucose≥100 mg/dL or diabetes; b) SBP≥140 or DBP≥90 mmHg or antihypertensive treatment; c) TG≥150 or HDL_C <40(M)/<50(W) mg/dL or lipid treatment; d) HOMA-IR≥2.5; e) waist circumference ≥102/88cm for M/W. Participants were classified as MS0 (no points), MS1 (exactly 1 point), or MS2+ (≥2 points). LV mass (LVM), end-diastolic volume (EDV), ejection fraction (EF), and concentricity (LVM/EDV) were measured from breathhold cine SSFP CMR scans; we calculated LVM/BSA. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare MS1 and MS2+ groups to the MS0 group. CMRI variables were adjusted for sex, age, heart rate (HR) and body size (BSA); LVM/BSA was adjusted for sex, age, HR only. We also tested for linear trend across metabolic groups. Results: LV concentricity increased with worsening metabolic status. This was driven by lower LV EDV, not increased LVM. LVM did not differ across (trend) or between MS-groups. LVEDV decreased across groups but only MS2 differed significantly from MS0. LVEF increased slightly but significantly across MS-groups. Conclusions: In a community-dwelling cohort, among participants who were free of cancer and clinical CVD and had normal BMI, worsening metabolic profile was associated with adverse remodeling of the left ventricle, reflected by greater LV concentricity.
Investigation of Bouncing Universe and Phantom Crossing in Modified Gravity Coupled with Weyl Tensor and its Reconstruction
Creators: name: Ghanaatian, Mohammad
name: Milani, Farzad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, FRW cosmology in modified gravity containing arbitrary function $f(R)$ is taken into consideration when our action are coupled with Weyl tensor. It is indicated that the bouncing solution emerges in the model while the equation of state (EoS) parameter crosses the phantom divider. In this research, cosmological usage of the most promising candidates of dark energy in the framework of $f(R)$ theory coupled by Weyl tensor is explored. A $f(R)$ gravity model in the spatially flat FRW universe according to the ordinary version of the holographic dark energy model, which describes accelerated expansion of the universe is reconstructed. The equation of state parameter of the corresponding Weyl gravity models are obtained as well. We conclude that the holographic and Weyl gravity models can behave like phantom or quintessence models, whereas the equation of state parameter of the models can transit from quintessence state to phantom regime as shown recent observations.
description: 18 Pages, 1 figure. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1004.1805 by other authors
title: О программной реализации методов поиска экстремумов функции многих переменных
Creators: name: Родченко, Д.
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: В данной работе рассматривается программа, которая реализует методы случайного поиска экстремумов. Программа позволяет решать довольно широкий класс проблем поиска экстремумов целевой функции с высокой точностью.
ANALYZING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ADVANCED TRAUMA LIFE SUPPORT TRAINING FOR EMS PERSONNEL: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Creators: name: Abdulaziz Abdullah Hamed Alghamdi, Ismail abdulmatlob Aljedani, Abdullah Abdulmughni Abdulghani Alshaikh, Hadi Abbas Ahmed Zamkah, Mansour Abdulghani Abdullah Alzahrani, Mohammed Hassan Esmat, Saif Abdulhamid Alsulami, Abdulrahman Saleh Abdu Alharbi, Hussam Hassan Ali Bagash, Jaber Yahya Jaber Albarqi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This comprehensive review analyzes the effectiveness of Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) training for Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel in improving trauma management outcomes. Given the critical role of EMS in the pre-hospital care of trauma patients, the review synthesizes existing literature to assess the impact of ATLS on clinical decision-making, knowledge retention, and operational performance. The findings indicate that while ATLS training enhances the confidence and skills of EMS providers, the direct correlation between such training and improved patient outcomes remains unclear. Several studies report improvements in self-reported confidence and adherence to trauma protocols post-training, yet the evidence linking ATLS training to reduced morbidity and mortality is inconsistent. Notably, gaps in the literature include a lack of rigorous randomized controlled trials and longitudinal studies assessing long-term skill retention. Furthermore, contextual factors influencing the effectiveness of ATLS training require further exploration. The review underscores the need for ongoing education and refresher courses to maintain competencies among EMS personnel. Recommendations for future research include investigating the retention of skills over time and evaluating the impact of ATLS training across diverse healthcare systems. Thus, this study highlights the importance of refining training protocols to enhance trauma care delivery and improve patient outcomes in emergency settings.

Keywords: Advanced Trauma Life Support, Emergency Medical Services, trauma management, clinical outcomes, skill retention.
Warm molecular gas temperature distribution in six local infrared bright Seyfert galaxies
Creators: name: Pereira-Santaella, Miguel
name: Spinoglio, Luigi
name: van der Werf, Paul P.
name: López, Javier Piqueras
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simultaneously analyze the spectral line energy distributions (SLEDs) of CO and H2 of six local luminous infrared (IR) Seyfert galaxies. For the CO SLEDs, we used new Herschel/SPIRE FTS data (from J=4-3 to J=13-12) and ground-based observations for the lower-J CO transitions. The H2 SLEDs were constructed using archival mid-IR Spitzer/IRS and near-IR VLT/SINFONI data for the rotational and ro-vibrational H2 transitions, respectively. In total, the SLEDs contain 26 transitions with upper level energies between 5 and 15000 K. A single, constant density, model (n$_{H_2}$ ~ 10$^{4.5-6}$ cm$^{-3}$) with a broken power-law temperature distribution reproduces well both the CO and H2 SLEDs. The power-law indices are $β_1$ ~ 1-3 for warm molecular gas (20 K < T < 100 K) and $β_2$ ~ 4-5 for hot molecular gas (T > 100 K). We show that the steeper temperature distribution (higher $β$) for hot molecular gas can be explained by shocks and photodissociation region (PDR) models, however, the exact $β$ values are not reproduced by PDR or shock models alone and a combination of both is needed. We find that the three major mergers among our targets have shallower temperature distributions for warm molecular gas than the other three spiral galaxies. This can be explained by a higher relative contribution of shock excitation, with respect to PDR excitation, for the warm molecular gas in these mergers. For only one of the mergers, IRASF 05189-2524, the shallower H2 temperature distribution differs from that of the spiral galaxies. The presence of a bright active galactic nucleus in this source might explain the warmer molecular gas observed.
description: A&A in press; 15 pages, 7 figures. Fixed several typos
The Most Massive Active Black-Holes at z~1.5-3.5 Have High Spins and Radiative Efficiencies
Creators: name: Trakhtenbrot, Benny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radiative efficiencies ($η$) of 72 luminous unobscured Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) at $z\sim1.5-3.5$, powered by some of the most massive black holes (BHs), are constrained. The analysis is based on accretion disk (AD) models, which link the continuum luminosity at rest-frame optical wavelengths and the black hole mass ($M_{\rm BH}$) to the accretion rate through the AD, $\dot{M}_{\rm AD}$. The data are gathered from several literature samples with detailed measurements of the ${\rm H}β$ emission line complex, observed at near-IR bands. When coupled with standard estimates of bolometric luminosities ($L_{\rm bol}$), the analysis suggests high radiative efficiencies, with most of the sources showing $η>0.2$ - that is, higher than the commonly assumed value of 0.1, and the expected value for non-spinning BHs ($η=0.057$). Even under more conservative assumptions regarding $L_{\rm bol}$ (i.e., $L_{\rm bol}=3\times λL_λ$[5100$Å$]), most of the extremely massive BHs in the sample (i.e., $M_{\rm BH} > 3\times10^9\,M_{\rm \odot}$) show radiative efficiencies which correspond to very high BH spins ($a_{\rm *}$), with typical values well above $a_{\rm *}\simeq0.7$. These results stand in contrast to the predictions of a "spin-down"scenario, in which a series of randomly-oriented accretion episodes lead to $a_{\rm *}\simeq0$. Instead, the analysis presented here strongly supports a "spin-up" scenario, which is driven by either prolonged accretion or a series of anisotropically-oriented accretion episodes. Considering the fact that these extreme BHs require long-duration continuous accretion to account for their high masses, it is argued that the most probable scenario for the SMBHs under study is that of an almost continuous sequence of randomly- yet not isotropically-oriented accretion episodes.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL. 6 pages, 3 figures. Made minor corrections to reflect the published journal version
title: Serum Levels of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin following Vascular Limb or Intra-Muscular Delivery of AAV1 or AAV8 Gene Therapy Vectors in Rhesus Macaques
Creators: name: Gruntman, Alisha M.
name: Gernoux, Gwladys
name: Wang, Gensheng
name: Benson, Janet M.
name: Chulay, Jeffrey D.
name: Knop, David R.
name: Mueller, Christian
name: Flotte, Terence R.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Alpha-one antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a genetic disease that results in both lung disease and potentially liver failure in affected patients. In un-affected people AAT is produced in the liver and secreted to act as an anti-protease (primarily counteracting the effects of neutrophil elastase) in the lung. On-going human clinical trials have focused on intra-muscular delivery of adeno-associated virus (AAV1) to patients. The goal of delivery to the muscle is to have the myocytes serve as bio-factories to produce normal AAT protein and secrete it into the blood where it can exert its normal function in the lung. In the last Phase II trial patients in the highest dose cohort were given 100 intra-muscular (IM) injections with serum AAT levels still below therapeutic thresholds.

Previous work has shown that delivering AAV vector to the musculature of the limb via the vasculature, while blood flow is obstructed using a tourniquet, leads to wide-spread gene expression in myocytes. We hypothesize that local delivery via IM injection results in saturated AAT expression within the myocytes surrounding the injection sight and that a more widespread delivery would result in an overall increase in serum AAT levels with the same dose of AAV gene therapy vector due to production by a larger overall number of myocytes. We have been able to show that we can attain similar or slightly higher (573.0 ng/ml versus 562.5 ng/nl) serum AAT levels using a vascular delivery method in rhesus macaques when compared to IM delivery. These results have been obtained using AAV1. Animals receiving either AAV1 or AAV8 show a decrease in muscle immune cell infiltrates following intra-vascular delivery versus IM delivery, which may improve long-term expression. Serum AAT data from animals dosed using AAV8, a serotype shown to better target muscle following vascular delivery, are currently being processed.
Spin Torque Oscillator and Magnetization Switching in double barrier Rashba Zeeman Magnetic Tunnel Junction
Creators: name: Acharjee, Saumen
name: Boruah, Arindam
name: Devi, Reeta
name: Dutta, Nimisha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we have studied the spin torque based magnetization oscillations and switching in presence of Rashba - Zeeman (RZ), Ruderman - Kittel - Kasuya - Yoside (RKKY) and Dzyaloshinskii - Moriya (DM) interactions in a double barrier RZ$|$Heavy Metal (HM)$|$RZ magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ). The system has stable magnetization oscillations and can work as an oscillator or a switcher for a significant difference in the strength of RKKY and DM interaction under suitable spin transfer torque (STT). For the proposed system with same order of RKKY and DM interaction, a nonlinear characteristic of the magnetization oscillation is observed. However, this nonlinearity of oscillations can be reduced by an external magnetic field or considering a material with suitable RZ interaction. In addition to this, our study reveals the magnetization switching can be tuned by using suitable STT. A dependence of switching time on layer thickness is also observed. Also, the switching speed increases with the thickness for systems having either same order of RKKY and DM interaction or dominated by RKKY interaction. An opposite characteristic is seen when DM interaction dominates over RKKY interaction.
Direct phase-sensitive identification of a d-form factor density wave in underdoped cuprates
Creators: name: Fujita, K.
name: Hamidian, M. H.
name: Edkins, S. D.
name: Kim, Chung Koo
name: Kohsaka, Y.
name: Azuma, M.
name: Takano, M.
name: Takagi, H.
name: Eisaki, H.
name: Uchida, S.
name: Allais, A.
name: Lawler, M. J.
name: Kim, E. -A.
name: Sachdev, Subir
name: Davis, J. C. Séamus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The identity of the fundamental broken symmetry (if any) in the underdoped cuprates is unresolved. However, evidence has been accumulating that this state may be an unconventional density wave. Here we carry out site-specific measurements within each CuO$_2$ unit-cell, segregating the results into three separate electronic structure images containing only the Cu sites (Cu(r)) and only the x/y-axis O sites (O$_x$(r) and O$_y$(r)). Phase resolved Fourier analysis reveals directly that the modulations in the O$_x$(r) and O$_y$(r) sublattice images consistently exhibit a relative phase of $π$. We confirm this discovery on two highly distinct cuprate compounds, ruling out tunnel matrix-element and materials specific systematics. These observations demonstrate by direct sublattice phase-resolved visualization that the density wave found in underdoped cuprates consists of modulations of the intra-unit-cell states that exhibit a predominantly d-symmetry form factor.
Ground-state stability and excitation spectrum of a one-dimensional dipolar supersolid
Creators: name: Ilg, Tobias
name: Büchler, Hans Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the behavior of the excitation spectrum across the quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a supersolid phase of a dipolar Bose gas confined to a one-dimensional geometry. Including the leading beyond-mean-field effects within an effective Hamiltonian, the analysis is based on Bogoliubov theory with several order parameters accounting for the superfluid as well as solid structure. We find fast convergence of the ground-state energy in the supersolid with the number of order parameters and demonstrate a stable excitation spectrum with two Goldstone modes and an amplitude mode in the low-energy regime. Our results suggest that there exists an experimentally achievable parameter regime for dysprosium atoms, where the supersolid phase exhibits a stable excitation spectrum in the thermodynamic limit and the transition into the supersolid phase is of second order driven by the roton instability.
title: Book Review. “Legacy in Stone: Syria before War” by Kevin Bubriski
Creators: name: Elcheikh, Zeina
Publisher: name: ZZF - Centre for Contemporary History: Visual History
Year: 2020

description: “Legacy in Stone” is tantamount to a time machine back through Syria’s historical landscape: a scenery that cannot be experienced again. Bubriski’s black and white photographs are moving messages from the past, sent into a future that has not yet been resolved. Since March 2011, images of destruction, death and terror coming from Syria have been flooding news broadcasts and social media feeds. Kevin Bubriski’s photographs taken back in 2003 are testimonies of what once existed.
title: Implementation and Utilization of Mobile Technology In Adolescent Bariatric Surgery Patients
Creators: name: Green, Jonathan
name: Aidlen, Jeremy T.
name: Pagoto, Sherry L.
name: Bram, Jennifer
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Obesity is the most prevalent chronic disease of childhood. Obese adolescents are likely to become obese adults with significant associated co-morbidities and early mortality. In Massachusetts, 30% of children ages 10-17 are overweight or obese. It is projected that 48% of Massachusetts’ adults will be obese by 2030. In March of 2015, the Good Fit Adolescent Weight and Wellness Center opened, with a goal of addressing this issue with a proven multidisciplinary approach.

Mobile technology continues to develop at a rapid pace. Adolescent access to mobile technology on smart phones and tablets continues to increase. Mobile fitness tracker applications are numerous and easy to use for today’s tech savvy teens. Successful weight loss and health maintenance is variable and has been difficult to validate with this technology so far.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate existing mobile applications to be used by adolescent patients in the Good Fit Center. Our aim is to determine whether adolescent patients will be compliant with diet and exercise challenges sent through a mobile application and social media platform. We will work closely with dietitians, physicians and surgeons to evaluate feasibility and compliance within the first year of this project. In the second year, we will then test the functionality of this mobile application as it relates to patient success in the Good Fit program.

The proposed research is a novel multimodal study combining behavioral sciences research, clinical outcomes research, and mobile technology to help to better understand the fitness management of adolescents struggling with morbid obesity. The findings of our research may have a number of important implications. These include the refinement of existing fitness strategies, as well as the development of a new useful piece of technology to combat obesity and improve the health and clinical outcomes of our nation’s children.
Danilo Chavez - Proof of a Combinatorial Identity
Creators: name: Chavez, Danilo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 490404
subject: Combinatorics and discrete mathematics (excl. physical combinatorics)
classificationCode: 490506
subject: Probability theory
classificationCode: 490599
subject: Statistics not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 490401
subject: Algebra and number theory

description:  In this present paper we will show you some interesting identity involving combinatorial symbols and a proof of it as a theorem. The theorem was a discovery from the times when we were studying Calculus in the course ”Mathematics 2” at USAC/CUNOC University in Quetzaltenango, Guatemala around the year 2003. The identity arose from some equations involving polynomials and the binomial theorem of Newton.
Anisotropic differential conductance of a mixed parity superconductor/ferromagnet structure
Creators: name: Kokkeler, Tim
name: Hijano, Alberto
name: Bergeret, F. Sebastián
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electronic transport properties of a superconductor (S) with a mixed s+p-wave pairing attached to a ferromagnetic metal (F) and a normal electrode (N) in an SFN configuration. Using the quasiclassical Green's function method, we compute the differential conductance $σ$ of the junction and demonstrate its dependence on the direction of the exchange field relative to the direction of the d-vector of the pair potential. If the p-wave triplet dominates the pairing, the zero bias conductance depends on the relative direction between the triplet d-vector and the exchange field. In contrast, if the s-wave singlet dominates the pairing, the zero bias conductance is isotropic with respect to the field direction. Furthermore, at zero temperature, the zero bias conductance height can only take two values as a function of $r$, the parameter quantifying the relative amount of s- and p-wave pairing, with an abrupt change at $r=1$ when the superconductor goes from a singlet to triplet dominated ground state. Moreover, we show that the relative amount of s- and p-wave pairing, can be estimated from the dependence of the finite bias conductance on the exchange field direction. Our results provide a way to characterize parity-mixed superconductors performing electrical measurements.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
title: Utilizing the Green Nursing Project Initiative to Educate Nurses about Health Effects Related to Exposure of Chemicals Contained in Household and Personal Care Products and to Inspire Them to Take Action
Creators: name: Chan, Lisa
name: Chalupka, Stephanie
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Consumers are exposed to a variety of environmental chemicals including carcinogens, reproductive toxins, and endocrine disrupting chemicals from everyday use of common household and personal care products. Evidence supports concern that exposures to low doses or the combination of low doses of chemicals can pose a health risk for the general population as well as for vulnerable populations. Gaps exist in translating this information to the public and helping people understand the health effects related to chemical exposures and personal actions they could take to reduce exposures.

There are 2.6 million nurses in the U.S. who have direct access to numerous patient populations. Educating and utilizing nurses as a conduit for information-sharing related to environmental health issues could fill the gap, influence health outcomes, and contribute to sustainable communities.

A Speaker’s Bureau was constructed under the Central Mass Health Literacy Project to facilitate community access to health literacy topics. The Green Nursing Project is an initiative to educate hundreds of nurses about Environmental Health Literacy topics and Inspire them to take Personal and Professional Action. The Green Nursing Project includes Hands-on Interactive Workshops to introduce participants to chemicals in consumer products, adverse health effects, and risk reduction strategies.
Sand Distribution and Depositional Environments Pakarang Field, Pattani Basin, Gulf of Thailand
Creators: name: Rutchaneeporn Thongmueen
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Pakarang Field, Sand Distribution, Depositional Environments

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 5, 2, 108-115
An inventory model with shortages for imperfect items using substitution of two products
Creators: name: Mukhopadhyay, Arindum
name: Goswami, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90 B05

description: Inventory models with imperfect quality items are studied by researchers in past two decades. Till now none of them have considered the effect of substitutions to cope up with shortage and avoid lost sales. This paper presents an EOQ approach for inventory system with shortages and two types of products with imperfect quality by one way substitution. Our model provides significant advantage for substitution case while maintaining its inherent simplicity. We have provided numerical example and sensitivity analysis to justify the effectiveness of our model. It is observed that, presence of imperfect items affect the lot size of minor and major products differently. Under certain conditions, our model generalizes the previous existing models in this direction.
description: 2 figures, 2 tables
AN INTEGRATED VELOCITY MODELING WORKFLOW TO PREDICT RELIABLE DEPTHS IN TRAT FIELD, GULF OF THAILAND
Creators: name: Sarayoot Geena
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Pattani Basin, Velocity Model, Depth Prediction, Synthetic Seismograms.

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 5, 2, 116-125
Observational Constraints on Warm Natural Inflation
Creators: name: Montefalcone, Gabriele
name: Aragam, Vikas
name: Visinelli, Luca
name: Freese, Katherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Warm natural inflation is studied for the case of the original cosine potential. The radiation bath during inflation induces a dissipation (friction) rate in the equation of motion for the inflaton field, which can potentially reduce the field excursion needed for an observationally viable period of inflation. We examine if the dissipation thus provides a mechanism to avoid the large decay constant $f \gtrsim M_{\mathrm{pl}}$ of cold cosine natural inflation. Whereas temperature independent dissipation has previously been shown to alleviate the need for a trans-Planckian decay constant $f$, we illustrate here the difficulties of accommodating a significantly sub-Planckian decay constant ($f<10^{-1}M_{\mathrm{pl}}$) in the case of the following temperature dependent dissipation rates, $Γ\propto T^c$, with $c=\{1,3\}$. Such dissipation rates represent physically well-motivated constructions in the literature. For each model, we map its location in the $r$-$n_s$ plane and compare with Cosmic Microwave Background data. For $c=1 \, (c=3)$, we find that agreement with CMB data requires that dissipation be in the weak (moderate) regime and that the minimum allowed value of the decay constant in the potential is $f_{\rm min} = 0.3 \, (0.8)\,M_{\mathrm{pl}}$ respectively.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, Replacement due to typo on DOE acknowledgement number
Software Design Testing (adapted from NSPE Case No. 96-4)
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2006
Subjects: Conflict of Interest
Employer/Employee Relationships
Engineer/Client Relationships
Public Health and Safety
Research and Practice
Safety
Workplace Ethics

description: An engineer, hired by a software company, believes that the company's new software design is safe under existing standards. However, the new software may not meet the new standards that he knows are about to be released--standards that performing more tests could cost both the company and the public significantly. Issues of conflicting obligations to the company and the general public also arise.
title: Discovery and Development of Human Monoclonal Antibodies to Block RhD Alloimmunization During Pregnancy
Creators: name: Gupta, Tushar
name: Gawron, Melissa
name: Souders, Colby A.
name: Brehm, Michael A.
name: Greiner, Dale
name: Shultz, Leonard D.
name: Jaiswal, Smita
name: McCauley, Sean
name: Dauphin, Ann
name: Luban, Jeremy
name: Cavacini, Lisa
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Exposure of an Rh negative mother to red blood cells (RBCs) of an Rh positive fetus results in alloimmunization and development of anti-RhD antibodies. The anti-RhD antibodies cause hemolytic disease of the new born babies during subsequent pregnancies. Current prophylactic treatment involves polyclonal anti-RhD IgG purified from plasma of humans and is administered in approximately 20% of pregnancies. While the current prophylaxis is effective, it involves the use of human plasma and non-RhD specific antibodies, thus posing a risk of transmitting infections and undesired antibody reactions. Moreover, there is a serious scarcity of plasma donors to meet the requirement of anti-RhD antibodies. In this study we propose to discover and develop anti-RhD monoclonal human antibodies to replace the current polyclonal prophylaxis. We are using humanized BLT mice (fetal CD34+ stem cells, liver and thymus) reconstituted with RhD negative donor material and were immunized by using adenovirus containing RhD transgene. Serum samples were collected after 4-6 weeks of immunization. Our results show that the RhD immunized mice had considerably higher titer of IgG and IgA antibodies in the serum compared to the control, suggesting an immune response developed upon immunization. Splenocytes from antibody producing mice will be fused with a human fusion partner for the isolation of hybridomas producing human monoclonal antibodies. The immunoreactivity and functional activity of these antibodies will be discussed.
Emergent Computations in Trained Artificial Neural Networks and Real Brains
Creators: name: Parga, Néstor
name: Serrano-Fernández, Luis
name: Falcó-Roget, Joan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Synaptic plasticity allows cortical circuits to learn new tasks and to adapt to changing environments. How do cortical circuits use plasticity to acquire functions such as decision-making or working memory? Neurons are connected in complex ways, forming recurrent neural networks, and learning modifies the strength of their connections. Moreover, neurons communicate emitting brief discrete electric signals. Here we describe how to train recurrent neural networks in tasks like those used to train animals in neuroscience laboratories, and how computations emerge in the trained networks. Surprisingly, artificial networks and real brains can use similar computational strategies.
description: International Summer School on Intelligent Signal Processing for Frontier Research and Industry, INFIERI 2021. Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. 23 August - 4 September 2021
Exchange-induced crystallization of soft core bosons
Creators: name: Cinti, Fabio
name: Boninsegni, Massimo
name: Pohl, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase diagram of a two-dimensional assembly of bosons interacting via a soft core repulsive pair potential of varying strength, and compare it to that of the equivalent system in which particles are regarded as distinguishable. We show that quantum-mechanical exchanges stabilize a "cluster crystal" phase in a wider region of parameter space than predicted by calculations in which exchanges are neglected. This physical effect is diametrically opposite to that which takes place in hard core Bose systems such as $^4$He, wherein exchanges strengthen the fluid phase. It is underlain in the cluster crystal phase of soft core bosons by the free energy gain associated to the formation of local Bose-Einstein condensates.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, published version
Detection of Fluvial Sands Using Spectral Decomposition and Seismic Attributes in North Erawan Field, Pattani Basin, Gulf of Thailand
Creators: name: Suchada Sriburee
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Spectral Decomposition, Continuous Wavelet Transform, RMS and Coherency

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 5, 2, 134-140
Halo-independent bounds on the non-relativistic effective theory of WIMP-nucleon scattering from direct detection and neutrino observations
Creators: name: Kang, Sunghyun
name: Kar, Arpan
name: Scopel, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine experimental constraints from direct detection searches and from neutrino telescopes looking for WIMP annihilations in the Sun to derive halo-independent bounds on each of the 28 WIMP-proton and WIMP-neutron couplings of the effective non-relativistic Hamiltonian that drives the scattering process off nuclei of a WIMP of spin 1/2. The method assumes that the velocity distribution is normalized to one and homogeneous at the the solar system scale, as well as equilibrium between WIMP capture and annihilation in the Sun, and requires to fix the WIMP annihilation channels (we assume $b\bar{b}$). We consider a single non-vanishing coupling at a time, and find that for most of the couplings the degree of relaxation of the halo-independent bounds compared to those obtained by assuming the Standard Halo Model is with few exceptions relatively moderate in the low and high WIMP mass regimes, where it can be as small as a factor of $\simeq 2$, while in the intermediate mass range between 10 GeV and 200 GeV it can be as large as $\sim 10^3$. An exception to this general pattern, with more moderate values of the bound relaxation, is observed in the case of spin-dependent WIMP-proton couplings with no or a comparatively small momentum suppression, for which WIMP capture is strongly enhanced because it is driven by scattering events off $^1H$, which is the most abundant target in the Sun. Within this class of operators the relaxation is particularly small for interactions that are driven by only the velocity-dependent term, for which the solar capture signal is enhanced compared to the direct detection one, thanks to the highest speed of scattering WIMPs within the Sun due to the larger gravitational acceleration.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Discussion on equilibrium between capture and annihilation extended. Updated to published version
Improving Explainability of Disentangled Representations using Multipath-Attribution Mappings
Creators: name: Klein, Lukas
name: Carvalho, João B. S.
name: El-Assady, Mennatallah
name: Penna, Paolo
name: Buhmann, Joachim M.
name: Jaeger, Paul F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Explainable AI aims to render model behavior understandable by humans, which can be seen as an intermediate step in extracting causal relations from correlative patterns. Due to the high risk of possible fatal decisions in image-based clinical diagnostics, it is necessary to integrate explainable AI into these safety-critical systems. Current explanatory methods typically assign attribution scores to pixel regions in the input image, indicating their importance for a model's decision. However, they fall short when explaining why a visual feature is used. We propose a framework that utilizes interpretable disentangled representations for downstream-task prediction. Through visualizing the disentangled representations, we enable experts to investigate possible causation effects by leveraging their domain knowledge. Additionally, we deploy a multi-path attribution mapping for enriching and validating explanations. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on a synthetic benchmark suite and two medical datasets. We show that the framework not only acts as a catalyst for causal relation extraction but also enhances model robustness by enabling shortcut detection without the need for testing under distribution shifts.