cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Resonance-enhanced optical nonlinearity in the Weyl semimetal TaAs
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: cond-mat.mtrl-sci

description: © 2018 American Physical Society. The second-order conductivity of a material, σ(2), relating current to the square of electric field, is nonzero only when inversion symmetry is broken, unlike the conventional linear conductivity. Second-order nonlinear optical responses are thus powerful tools in basic research as probes of symmetry breaking; they are also central to optical technology as the basis for generating photocurrents and frequency doubling. The recent surge of interest in Weyl semimetals with acentric crystal structures has led to the discovery of a host of σ(2)-related phenomena in this class of materials, such as polarization-selective conversion of light to dc current (photogalvanic effects) and the observation of giant second-harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency in TaAs at photon energy 1.5 eV. Here, we present measurements of the SHG spectrum of TaAs, revealing that the response at 1.5 eV corresponds to the high-energy tail of a resonance at 0.7 eV, at which point the second harmonic conductivity is approximately 200 times larger than seen in the standard candle nonlinear crystal, GaAs. This remarkably large SHG response provokes the question of ultimate limits on σ(2), which we address by a new theorem relating frequency-integrated nonlinear response functions to the third cumulant (or "skewness") of the polarization distribution function in the ground state.
GK Boo and AE For: Two low-mass eclipsing binaries with dwarf companions
Creators: name: Zasche, P.
name: Svoboda, P.
name: Uhlar, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A study of late-type low-mass eclipsing binaries provides us with important information about the most common stars in the Universe. We obtain the first light curves and perform period analyses of two neglected eclipsing binaries GK Boo and AE For to reveal their basic physical properties. We performed both a period analysis of the times of the minima and a BVR light curve analysis. Many new times of minima for both the systems were derived and collected from the data obtained by automatic and robotic telescopes. This allowed us to study the long-term period changes in these systems for the first time. From the light curve analysis, we derived the first rough estimates of the physical properties of these systems. We find that the analyzed systems are somewhat similar to each other. Both contain low-mass components of similar types, both are close to the Sun, both have short orbital period, and both contain another low-mass companions on longer orbits of a few years. In the case of GK Boo, both components are probably of K3 spectral type, while the distant companion is probably a late M star. The light curve of GK Boo is asymmetric, which probably causes the shift in the secondary minima in the O-C diagram. System AE For comprises two K7 stars, and the third body is a possible brown dwarf with a minimal mass of only about 47 Jupiter Mass. We succeed in completing period and light curve analyses of both systems, although a more detailed spectroscopic analysis is needed to confirm the physical parameters of the components to a higher accuracy.
description: 8 pages, 11 tables, 6 figures, published in 2012A&A...537A.109Z
Social and emotional learning and school climate : predictors of teacher stress, job satisfaction, and sense of efficacy
Creators: name: Collie, Rebecca J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The aim of this study was to investigate whether social and emotional learning and school climate have an impact on teacher stress, job satisfaction, and sense of efficacy. The sample included 664 public schoolteachers from suburban, rural, and remote areas of British Columbia and Ontario in Canada. Participants completed an online questionnaire about teacher outcomes, school climate, and social and emotional learning. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that positive school climates significantly predicted lower teacher stress, increased teacher job satisfaction, and increased teacher sense of efficacy. Of the school climate variables, student relations played the most significant role in predicting better teacher outcomes. Other significant variables were collaboration among staff, school resources, and input in decision making. For social and emotional learning, the findings demonstrated that stronger beliefs and integration of social and emotional learning predicted greater job satisfaction and increased teacher sense of efficacy; however, certain social and emotional learning variables also predicted increased stress. Of the social and emotional learning variables, comfort with and regular implementation of social and emotional learning in the classroom, the support and promotion of social and emotional learning , and the integration of social and emotional learning across the school predicted better outcomes for teachers, whereas commitment to improving social and emotional learning provided mixed results. Implications for practice and research are discussed.
Nonextensive effects on QCD chiral phase diagram and baryon-number fluctuations within Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model
Creators: name: Zhao, Ya-Peng
name: Wang, Chao-Yong
name: Zuo, Shu-Yu
name: Li, Cheng-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a version of the Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model based on nonextensive statistical mechanics is presented. This new statistics summarizes all possible factors that violate the assumptions of the Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) statistics to a dimensionless nonextensivity parameter $q$, and when $q$ tends to 1, it returns to the BG case. Within the nonextensive PNJL model, we found that as $q$ increases, the location of the critical end point (CEP) exhibits non-monotonic behavior. That is, for $q<1.15$, CEP moves in the direction of lower temperature and larger quark chemical potential. But for $q>1.15$, CEP turns to move in the direction of lower temperature and lower quark chemical potential. In addition, we studied the moments of the net-baryon number distribution, that is, the variance ($σ^{2}$), skewness (S), and kurtosis ($κ$). Our results are generally consistent with the latest experimental data, especially for $\sqrt{S_{NN}}>19.6\ \mathrm{GeV}$, when $q$ is set to $1.07$.
Collision energy dependence of moments of net-kaon multiplicity distributions at RHIC
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: nucl-ex
hep-ex
hep-ph
nucl-th

description: © 2018 The Author Fluctuations of conserved quantities such as baryon number, charge, and strangeness are sensitive to the correlation length of the hot and dense matter created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions and can be used to search for the QCD critical point. We report the first measurements of the moments of net-kaon multiplicity distributions in Au+Au collisions at sNN=7.7, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, and 200 GeV. The collision centrality and energy dependence of the mean (M), variance (σ2), skewness (S), and kurtosis (κ) for net-kaon multiplicity distributions as well as the ratio σ2/M and the products Sσ and κσ2 are presented. Comparisons are made with Poisson and negative binomial baseline calculations as well as with UrQMD, a transport model (UrQMD) that does not include effects from the QCD critical point. Within current uncertainties, the net-kaon cumulant ratios appear to be monotonic as a function of collision energy.
From Disks To Planets: A Theoretical Perspective
Creators: name: Bromley, Ben
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: Circumstellar disks of gas and dust naturally produce planets. Observations of young stellar systems tell us the starting conditions, while planet surveys reveal an amazing diversity of outcomes. Theory tries to connect the dots with ideas on how planets emerge from dust within an evolving gas disk. Here I give a broad-brush view of planet formation from a theoretical perspective, noting recent ideas and successes. I also consider the challenges. The conversion of primordial dust into planetesimals is uncertain. Even the mass budget in solids is a problem, since the total mass in dust observed around young stars seems insufficient to account for the census of full-fledged planets. Toward resolving these issues, the Atacama Large Millimeter Array and the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array are playing key roles in illuminating how disks become planets.
description: Ben Bromley Physics & Astronomy, University of Utah ==
Scott Kenyon Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
2MASS wide field extinction maps: IV. The Orion, Mon R2, Rosette, and Canis Major star forming regions
Creators: name: Lombardi, Marco
name: Alves, Joao
name: lada, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a near-infrared extinction map of a large region (approximately 2200 deg^2) covering the Orion, the Monoceros R2, the Rosette, and the Canis Major molecular clouds. We used robust and optimal methods to map the dust column density in the near-infrared (NICER and NICEST) towards ~19 million stars of the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) point source catalog. Over the relevant regions of the field, we reached a 1-sigma error of 0.03 mag in the K-band extinction with a resolution of 3 arcmin. We measured the cloud distances by comparing the observed density of foreground stars with the prediction of galactic models, thus obtaining d_{Orion A} = (371 +/- 10) pc, d_{Orion B} = (398 +/- 12) pc, $d_{Mon R2} = (905 +/- 37) pc, $d_{Rosette} = (1330 +/- 48) pc, and $d_{CMa} = (1150 +/- 64) pc, values that compare very well with independent estimates.
description: 13 pages, A&A in press
Determining the First Isolation, Antifungal Susceptibility, and Molecular Characterization of Cryptococcus neoformans from the Environment in Croatia
Creators: name: Pllana-Hajdari, Donjeta
name: Cogliati, Massimo
name: Čičmak, Ana
name: Pleško, Sanja
name: Mlinarić-Missoni, Emilija
name: Mareković, Ivana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cryptococcus neoformans
environment
molecular types
antifungal susceptibility

description: The aim of this study was to determine the molecular types and antifungal susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans species complex isolates from environmental sources in Croatia. Swab samples of tree hollows and bird excreta in the soil beneath trees were collected. Samples included 472 (92.73%) samples obtained from tree hollows and 37 (7.27%) samples from bird excreta. Four C. neoformans species complex isolates were recovered from tree hollow swabs along the Mediterranean coast, while there were no isolates recovered from bird excreta or from the continental area. Three isolates were identified as molecular types VNI and one as VNIV. All tested antifungals showed high in vitro activity against the four isolates. This is the first report proving the presence of C. neoformans species complex in the environment of Croatia. The results of the study suggest a major risk of exposure for inhabitants living along the Croatian coast and that both VNI and VNIV molecular types can be expected in clinical cases of cryptococcosis. Susceptibility to antifungals confirmed that no resistance should be expected in patients with cryptococcosis at the present time. This is the first report proving the presence of C. neoformans species complex species complex in the environment of Croatia.
Phronia tenuis Winnertz 1864
Creators: name: El Mouden, Mohamed Amin
name: Chandler, Peter J.
name: Saidoun, Imane
name: Driauach, Ouafaa
name: Belqat, Boutaïna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Mycetophilidae
Phronia
Phronia tenuis

description: Phronia tenuis Winnertz, 1864
Material examined.
Morocco – Middle Atlas Region • 9 ♂♂; Gouffre Izora; 19/V/2022; K. Aattouch, M. El Ouahabi and M. A. El Mouden leg; UAE-FST MA 22/24174 • 19 ♂♂; Grotte Bouslama; 19/V/2022; K. Aattouch, M. El Ouahabi and M. A. El Mouden leg; UAE-FST MA 22/24175 • 2 ♂♂; Aïn Admam; 22/V/2022; K. Aattouch, M. El Ouahabi and M. A. El Mouden leg; UAE-FST MA 22/24176 • 2 ♂♂; Forêt Admam; 22/V/2022; K. Aattouch, M. El Ouahabi and M. A. El Mouden leg; UAE-FST MA 22/24177.
North African distribution.
Algeria, Tunisia (Chandler 1994); Morocco (Banamar et al. 2020).
description: Published as part of El Mouden, Mohamed Amin, Chandler, Peter J., Saidoun, Imane, Driauach, Ouafaa & Belqat, Boutaïna, 2025, A new species of Docosia Winnertz, 1864 and new records of fungus gnats (Diptera, Bolitophilidae, Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae) from North Africa, pp. 349-379 in ZooKeys 1233 on pages 349-379, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1233.130502
Sex-specific effects of infection in an island endemic wildlife species.
Creators: name: Terry, Christopher Hal
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: malaria
islands
lizard
hepatazoon

description: Presence and impacts of pathogen infections in wildlife are known to be determined by a hierarchical set of factors including host, habitat, and general environment characteristics. While an increased number of studies have been documenting host-parasite interactions in natural systems, little is known about these impacts in island ecosystems. To elucidate the impacts of infection in island populations, we investigate the effects of Hepatazoon (and apicomplexan hemoparasite) wall lizard (Podarcis erhardii) populations, on 17 Cycladic islands (Aegean Sea, Greece). Specifically, we evaluated the effects of infection on multiple aspects of lizard life history from lizards from these islands. We found significant declines of condition in infected populations, though only in male lizards, suggesting a sex-specific response to infection. Mixed model analyses also suggest that some island level characteristics can affect the health and locomotion of lizards. These results indicate variability in the impacts of malarial infection across populations of P. erhardii.
FPAN: Fine-grained and progressive attention localization network for data retrieval
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Query-based object localization
Fine-grained attention
Progressive attention
Unified framework
Fully convolution localization network

description: © 2018 Elsevier B.V. The localization of the target object for data retrieval is a key issue in the Intelligent and Connected Transportation Systems (ICTS). However, due to the lack of intelligence in the traditional transportation system, it takes a lot of resources to manually retrieve and locate the queried objects from a large number of images. In order to solve this issue, we propose an effective method for query-based object localization, which uses artificial intelligence techniques to automatically locate the queried object in complex backgrounds. The proposed method is termed as Fine-grained and Progressive Attention Localization Network (FPAN), which uses an image and a queried object as input to accurately locate the target object in the image. Specifically, the fine-grained attention module is naturally embedded into each layer of a convolution neural network (CNN), thereby gradually suppressing the regions that are irrelevant to the queried object and eventually focusing attention on the target area. We further employ top-down attentions fusion algorithm operated by a learnable cascade up-sampling structure to establish the connection between the attention map and the exact location of the queried object in the original image. Furthermore, the FPAN is trained by multi-task learning with box segmentation loss and cosine loss. At last, we conduct comprehensive experiments on both queried-based digit localization and object tracking with synthetic and benchmark datasets. The experimental results show that our algorithm is far superior than other algorithms on the synthesis datasets and outperforms most existing trackers on the OTB and VOT datasets.
The Vla View Of Hl Tau - The Vla View Of The Early Stage Of Planet Formation
Creators: name: Carrasco-Gonzalez, Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: We present the most sensitive images of HL~Tau obtained to date with the VLA at 7.0 mm wavelength with a spatial resolution comparable to the recent obtained ALMA images. At this long wavelength the dust emission from HL Tau is optically thin, allowing a comprehensive study of the internal part of the disk, where terrestrial planets are though to form.
description: Presented by Mario Flock, JET Propulsion Laboratory
Revised Periodic Boundary Conditions: Fundamentals, Electrostatics, and the Tight-Binding Approximation
Creators: name: Kit, Oleg O.
name: Pastewka, Lars
name: Koskinen, Pekka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many nanostructures today are low-dimensional and flimsy, and therefore get easily distorted. Distortion-induced symmetry-breaking makes conventional, translation-periodic simulations invalid, which has triggered developments for new methods. Revised periodic boundary conditions (RPBC) is a simple method that enables simulations of complex material distortions, either classically or quantum-mechanically. The mathematical details of this easy-to-implement approach, however, have not been discussed before. Therefore, in this paper we summarize the underlying theory, present the practical details of RPBC, especially related to a non-orthogonal tight-binding formulation, discuss selected features, electrostatics in particular, and suggest some examples of usage. We hope this article to give more insight to RPBC, to help and inspire new software implementations capable of exploring the physics and chemistry of distorted nanomaterials.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Missed Debris Disks In The Hst Archive: An Insight Of The Alice Project
Creators: name: Choquet, Elodie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: I will present the ALICE program, which consisted in re-analyzing the HST-NICMOS coronagraphic archive with new post-processing methods, and its latest science results and developments. I will focus on the results of this project regarding debris disks, present new disk images, and discuss the impact of these detections on the understanding of debris disk properties.
description: The ALICE Team: R. Soummer (PI), M. Perrin, L. Pueyo, B. Hagan,
E. Gofas-Salas, C. Chen, D. Golimowski, J. Debes, D.C. Hines,
A. Sivaramakrishnan, C. Stark, A. Moro-Martin, S. Wolff, J. Mazoyer,
M. N’Diaye, M. Ygouf, A. Greenbaum, B. Ren
A simultaneous solution to the Hubble tension and observed bulk flow within 250 ${h^{-1}}$ Mpc
Creators: name: Mazurenko, Sergij
name: Banik, Indranil
name: Kroupa, Pavel
name: Haslbauer, Moritz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $Λ$ cold dark matter ($Λ$CDM) standard cosmological model is in severe tension with several cosmological observations. Foremost is the Hubble tension, which exceeds $5σ$ confidence. Galaxy number counts show the Keenan-Barger-Cowie (KBC) supervoid, a significant underdensity out to 300~Mpc that cannot be reconciled with $Λ$CDM cosmology. Haslbauer et al. previously showed that a high local Hubble constant arises naturally due to gravitationally driven outflows from the observed KBC supervoid. The main prediction of this model is that peculiar velocities are typically much larger than expected in the $Λ$CDM framework. This agrees with the recent discovery by Watkins et al. that galaxies in the CosmicFlows-4 catalogue have significantly faster bulk flows than expected in the $Λ$CDM model on scales of $100-250 \, h^{-1}$~Mpc. The rising bulk flow curve is unexpected in standard cosmology, causing $4.8σ$ tension at $200 \, h^{-1}$~Mpc. In this work, we determine what the semi-analytic void model of Haslbauer et al. predicts for the bulk flows on these scales. We find qualitative agreement with the observations, especially if our vantage point is chosen to match the observed bulk flow on a scale of $50 \, h^{-1}$~Mpc. This represents a highly non-trivial success of a previously published model that was not constrained by bulk flow measurements, but which was shown to solve the Hubble tension and explain the KBC void consistently with the peculiar velocity of the Local Group. Our results suggest that several cosmological tensions can be simultaneously resolved if structure grows more efficiently than in the $Λ$CDM paradigm on scales of tens to hundreds of Mpc.
description: Latex, 9 pages, 4 figures. Published in MNRAS in this form
Comparison of models for $(\infty, n)$-categories, I
Creators: name: Bergner, Julia E.
name: Rezk, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55U35, 55U40, 18D05, 18D15, 18D20, 18G30, 18G55, 18C10

description: While many different models for $(\infty,1)$-categories are currently being used, it is known that they are Quillen equivalent to one another. Several higher-order analogues of them are being developed as models for $(\infty, n)$-categories. In this paper, we establish model structures for some naturally arising categories of objects which should be thought of as $(\infty,n)$-categories. Furthermore, we establish Quillen equivalences between them.
description: 27 pages; updated references
Geometric symmetry of dielectric antenna influencing light absorption in quantum-sized metal nanocrystals: A comparative study
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: light scattering
resonant scattering
random scattering
enhanced optical absorption
dielectric antenna

description: © 2018 Dai, Rasamani, Hall, Makrypodi and Sun. Silica nanoparticles, optically transparent in the visible spectral region, represent a class of dielectric antenna to tune the propagation and local field distribution of the visible light through surface scattering while the energy loss is minimized. The light scattering on the surface of silica nanoparticles include resonant scattering and random scattering that strongly depend on their geometry: spherical silica nanoparticles with the highest geometrical symmetry favors the light scattering resonances on the nanoparticle surfaces to promote resonant scattering while non-spherical silica nanoparticles mainly support random scattering. Both resonant scattering and random scattering of light on the silica nanoparticles are capable of enhancing the light absorption in quantum-sized metal nanocrystals attached to the surfaces of the silica nanoparticles. The contributions of resonant scattering and random scattering to the enhancement of light absorption have been compared and discussed. The understanding highlights the importance of the geometry of the silica nanoparticle antenna on the design and synthesis of composite materials for efficient light harvesting.
Electroluminescence pulse shape and electron diffusion in liquid argon measured in a dual-phase TPC
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Electron diffusion constant
Liquid argon
Time projection chamber

description: © 2018 Elsevier B.V. We report the measurement of the longitudinal diffusion constant in liquid argon with the DarkSide-50 dual-phase time projection chamber. The measurement is performed at drift electric fields of 100 V/cm, 150 V/cm, and 200 V/cm using high statistics 39Ar decays from atmospheric argon. We derive an expression to describe the pulse shape of the electroluminescence signal (S2) in dual-phase TPCs. The derived S2 pulse shape is fit to events from the uppermost portion of the TPC in order to characterize the radial dependence of the signal. The results are provided as inputs to the measurement of the longitudinal diffusion constant DL, which we find to be (4.12 ± 0.09) cm2/s for a selection of 140 keV electron recoil events in 200 V/cm drift field and 2.8 kV/cm extraction field. To study the systematics of our measurement we examine data sets of varying event energy, field strength, and detector volume yielding a weighted average value for the diffusion constant of (4.09 ± 0.12) cm2/s. The measured longitudinal diffusion constant is observed to have an energy dependence, and within the studied energy range the result is systematically lower than other results in the literature.
Connecting brain responsivity and real-world risk taking: Strengths and limitations of current methodological approaches
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Adolescence
Risk-taking
Dual systems
Reward
Individual differences
Substance use
Drug use
p-curve
Ventral striatum

description: © 2017 The Authors In line with the goal of limiting health risk behaviors in adolescence, a growing literature investigates whether individual differences in functional brain responses can be related to vulnerability to engage in risky decision-making. We review this body of work, investigate when and in what way findings converge, and provide best practice recommendations. We identified 23 studies that examined individual differences in brain responsivity and adolescent risk taking. Findings varied widely in terms of the neural regions identified as relating to risky behavior. This heterogeneity is likely due to the abundance of approaches used to assess risk taking, and to the disparity of fMRI tasks. Indeed, brain-behavior correlations were typically found in regions showing a main effect of task. However, results from a test of publication bias suggested that region of interest approaches lacked evidential value. The findings suggest that neural factors differentiating riskier teens are not localized to a single region. Therefore, approaches that utilize data from the entire brain, particularly in predictive analyses, may yield more reliable and applicable results. We discuss several decision points that researchers should consider when designing a study, and emphasize the importance of precise research questions that move beyond a general desire to address adolescent risk taking.
Axion-mediated Transport of Fast Radio Bursts Originating in Inner Magnetospheres of Magnetars
Creators: name: Prabhu, Anirudh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among magnetar models of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs), there is ongoing debate about whether the site of coherent radio emission lies within or beyond the light cylinder. We propose a mechanism by which FRBs produced near the magnetar surface are transported out of the magnetosphere by axions, which couple to photons. If the emission site hosts strong accelerating electric fields, a considerable fraction of the FRB energy budget is converted to an axion burst. Once produced, the axion burst free-streams out of the magnetosphere due to the rapidly-decreasing magnetic field. The burst may escape through either the open or closed magnetosphere, while retaining the temporal signature of the original FRB. In the wind region, axions resonantly excite ordinary (O) modes that escape as the plasma density decreases. The radio efficiency of this mechanism satisfies energetics constraints from FRB 121102 for axion-photon coupling strengths that have not been excluded by other astrophysical probes.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
A Two-stage Method for Inverse Medium Scattering
Creators: name: Ito, Kazufumi
name: Jin, Bangti
name: Zou, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a novel numerical method to the time-harmonic inverse medium scattering problem of recovering the refractive index from near-field scattered data. The approach consists of two stages, one pruning step of detecting the scatterer support, and one resolution enhancing step with mixed regularization. The first step is strictly direct and of sampling type, and faithfully detects the scatterer support. The second step is an innovative application of nonsmooth mixed regularization, and it accurately resolves the scatterer sizes as well as intensities. The model is efficiently solved by a semi-smooth Newton-type method. Numerical results for two- and three-dimensional examples indicate that the approach is accurate, computationally efficient, and robust with respect to data noise.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Stolus uniannulatus Thandar 2021, n. comb.
Creators: name: Thandar, Ahmed S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Holothuroidea
Dendrochirotida
Phyllophoridae
Stolus
Stolus uniannulatus

description: Stolus uniannulatus (Sluiter, 1914) n. comb. Figure 7 Thyone uniannulata Sluiter, 1914: 10, fig. 3 a, b. Diagnosis (s ee Sluiter, 1914). Material examined. ZMUA (H. 2194), northern Java, 6 19 S, 110 50 E, 50 m. Remarks. This species was assigned to Havelockia by Panning (1949), transferred back to Thyone in his addendum, but currently assigned to Havelockia by WoRMS (529501, accessed 16 June 2021). The writer concurs with Sluiter (1914) that its calcareous ring (Figure 7A) is close to that of Stolus sacellus (= S. buccalis) and surprisingly the specimen also feels as rigid as a young S. buccalis. In addition, there are regular four-holed knobbed buttons/plates in the body wall, resembling those of S. buccalis, although some of them have up to eight holes. In the introvert there are elongated, smooth to spinous perforated plates and some rosettes (Figure 7B). In S. buccalis, on the other hand, the introvert possesses multilocular knobbed plates and rosettes. James (1966) describes the introvert deposits in his specimens of S. buccalis as thin smooth buttons. Hence, there are some similarities between S. uniannulatus n. comb. and S. buccalis but they are definitely not conspecific but perhaps congeneric. The structure of the calcareous ring and the presence of knobbed plates in the body wall preclude the inclusion of this species in Havelockia. Hence, the species is here transferred to the genus Stolus without any hesitation.
description: Published as part of Thandar, Ahmed S., 2021, Nomenclatural changes in some sea cucumbers with the erection of a new genus and description of a Thyone? juvenile (? n. sp.) from the Gulf of California (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida), pp. 507-526 in Zootaxa 5026 (4) on pages 517-518, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5026.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5300888
description: {"references": ["Sluiter, C. P. (1914) Die von Dr. P. N. van Kampen warend seiner Fahrt mit Regierungsdampfer GIER 1906 - 1909, im Indischen Archipel gesammelten Holothurien. Buitensorg Contrib. Faune Indes Neerlandaiises 1, 1 - 28 and 1 plate.", "Panning, A. (1949) Versuch einer Neuordnung der Familie Cucumariidae (Holothurioidea, Dendrochirota). Zoologische Jahrbucher Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, 78, 404 - 470.", "James, D. B. (1966) Studies on Indian Echinoderms - 2. The holothurian Stolus buccalis (Stimpson) with notes on its systematic position. Jounral of the marine biological Association of India, 8 (2), 285 - 289."]}
Coronal Elemental Abundances during A-class Solar Flares Observed by Chandrayaan-2 XSM
Creators: name: Nama, Lakshitha
name: Mondal, Biswajit
name: Narendranath, S
name: Paul, KT
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The abundances of low First Ionisation Potential (FIP) elements are three to four times higher (FIP bias) in the closed loop active corona than in the photosphere, known as the FIP effect. Observations suggest that the abundances vary in different coronal structures. Here, we use the soft X-ray spectroscopic measurements from the Solar X-ray Monitor (XSM) on board the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter to study the FIP effect in multiple A-class flares observed during the minimum of solar cycle 24. Using time-integrated spectral analysis, we derive the average temperature, emission measure, and the abundances of four elements - Mg, Al, Si, and S. We find that the temperature and emission measure scales with the flares sub-class while the measured abundances show an intermediate FIP bias for the lower A-flares (e.g., A1), while for the higher A-flares, the FIP bias is near unity. To investigate it further, we perform a time-resolved spectral analysis for a sample of the A-class flares and examine the evolution of temperature, emission measure, and abundances. We find that the abundances drop from the coronal values towards their photospheric values in the impulsive phase of the flares, and after the impulsive phase, they quickly return to the usual coronal values. The transition of the abundances from the coronal to photospheric values in the impulsive phase of the flares indicates the injection of fresh unfractionated material from the lower solar atmosphere to the corona due to chromospheric evaporation. However, explaining the quick recovery of the abundances from the photospheric to coronal values in the decay phase of the flare is challenging.
description: Accepted for publication in 'Solar Physics'
SangoPangastraParshadam / Sri Saranga Thakur
Creators: name: Kunjabihari DasAdhikari, Kiran Candra Rai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Gaurahari, bhakti

description: Sri Saranga Murari Thakur was another of the intimate associates of Sri KrsnaCaitanya Mahaprabhu
Measurement of the b-jet cross-section with associated vector boson production with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC
Creators: name: Gray, Heather M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of the cross-section for vector boson production in association with jets containing b-hadrons is presented using 35 pb-1 of data from the LHC collected by the ATLAS experiment in 2010. Such processes are not only important tests of pQCD but also large, irreducible backgrounds to searches such as a low mass Higgs boson decaying to pairs of b-quarks when the Higgs is produced in association with a vector boson. Theoretical predictions of the V+b production rate have large uncertainties and previous measurements have reported discrepancies. Cross-sections measured using in the electron and muon channels will be shown. Comparisons will be made to recent theoretical predictions at the next-to-leading order in alpha_s.
description: Presented at the 2011 Hadron Collider Physics symposium (HCP-2011), Paris, France, November 14-18 2011, 3 pages,6 figure. "
Fast Single-shot Imaging of Individual Ions via Homodyne Detection of Rydberg-Blockade-Induced Absorption
Creators: name: Du, Jinjin
name: Vogt, Thibault
name: Li, Wenhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce well-separated $^{87}$Rb$^+$ ions into an atomic ensemble by microwave ionization of Rydberg excitations and realize single-shot imaging of the individual ions with an exposure time of 1 $μ$s. This imaging sensitivity is reached by using homodyne detection of ion-Rydberg-atom interaction induced absorption. We obtain an ion detection fidelity of (80 $\pm$ 5)\% from analyzing the absorption spots in acquired single-shot images. These \textit{in situ} images provide a direct visualization of the ion-Rydberg interaction blockade and reveal clear spatial correlations between Rydberg excitations. The capability of imaging individual ions in a single shot is of interest for investigating collisional dynamics in hybrid ion-atom systems and for exploring ions as a probe for measurements of quantum gases.
description: 11 pages, 5 + 6 figures
Demographics Of Protoplanetary Disks In Nearby Molecular Clouds (A Submm View)
Creators: name: Cieza, Lucas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: Recent observations from ALMA and extreme AO near-IR imagers are revolutionizing our view of disk evolution and planet formation. Resolved disk observations show intriguing features, such as spiral arms, rings, narrow gaps, and asymmetries. These features are often interpreted as evidence for planet formation processes. However, resolved studies have so far been very biased toward the brightest systems and/or transition objects (protoplanetary disks with inner holes and gaps), which are clearly not representative of the entire disk population. Since current statistics on extrasolar planets imply that most circumstellar disks should be forming planets (big or small), it is important to investigate the full distribution of disk properties present in star-forming regions. In this talk, I will review the results from demographic studies in nearby molecular clouds and the constraints they impose to both disk evolution and planet formation theory.
Disk Evolution Study Through Imaging of Nearby Young Stars (DESTINYS): Diverse outcomes of binary-disk interactions
Creators: name: Zhang, Yapeng
name: Ginski, Christian
name: Huang, Jane
name: Zurlo, Alice
name: Beust, Hervé
name: Bae, Jaehan
name: Benisty, Myriam
name: Garufi, Antonio
name: Hogerheijde, Michiel R.
name: van Holstein, Rob G.
name: Kenworthy, Matthew
name: Langlois, Maud
name: Manara, Carlo F.
name: Pinilla, Paola
name: Rab, Christian
name: Ribas, Álvaro
name: Rosotti, Giovanni P.
name: Williams, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Circumstellar disks do not evolve in isolation, as about half of solar-type stars were born in binary or multiple systems. Resolving disks in binary systems provides the opportunity to examine the influence of stellar companions on the outcomes of planet formation. We aim to investigate and compare disks in stellar multiple systems with near-infrared scattered-light imaging as part of the Disk Evolution Study Through Imaging of Nearby Young Stars (DESTINYS) program. We used polarimetric differential imaging with SPHERE/IRDIS at the VLT to search for scattered light from the circumstellar disks in three multiple systems, CHX 22, S CrA, and HP Cha. We performed astrometric and orbit analyses for the stellar companions using archival HST, VLT/NACO, and SPHERE data. Combined with the age and orbital constraints, the observed disk structures provide insights into the evolutionary history and the impact of the stellar companions. The small grains in CHX 22 form a tail-like structure surrounding the close binary, which likely results from a close encounter and capture of a cloudlet. S CrA shows intricate structures (tentative ringed and spiral features) in the circumprimary disk as a possible consequence of perturbations by companions. The circumsecondary disk is truncated and connected to the primary disk via a streamer, suggesting tidal interactions. In HP Cha, the primary disk is less disturbed and features a tenuous streamer, through which the material flows towards the companions. The comparison of the three systems spans a wide range of binary separation (50 - 500 au) and illustrates the decreasing influence on disk structures with the distance of companions. This agrees with the statistical analysis of exoplanet population in binaries, that planet formation is likely obstructed around close binary systems, while it is not suppressed in wide binaries.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, accpeted for publication in A&A
Semi-flexible trimers on the square lattice in the full lattice limit
Creators: name: Serra, Pablo
name: Dantas, Wellington G.
name: Stilck, Jürgen F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Trimers are chains formed by two lattice edges, and therefore three monomers. We consider trimers placed on the square lattice, the edges belonging to the same trimer are either colinear, forming a straight rod with unitary statistical weight, or perpendicular, a statistical weight $ω$ being associated to these angular trimers. The thermodynamic properties of this model are studied in the full lattice limit, where all lattice sites are occupied by monomers belonging to trimers. In particular, we use transfer matrix techniques to estimate the entropy of the system as a function of $ω$. The entropy $s(ω)$ is a maximum at $ω=1$ and our results are compared to earlier studies in the literature for straight trimers ($ω=0$), angular trimers ($ω\to \infty$) and for mixtures of equiprobable straight and angular trimers ($ω=1$).
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Impact Of Winds On Circumstellar Dust In T Tauri Stars
Creators: name: Babina, Elena
name: Artemenko, Svetlana
name: Petrov, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: T Tauri stars
stellar winds

description: The dynamical winds of Classical T Tauri stars (CTTS) are believed to originate from the MHD processes at the boundary between the inner disc and the stellar magnetosphere. We explore how the wind affects the circumstellar dusty environment. Long term spectroscopic and photometric monitoring of the CTTS RY Tau in 2013-2015 has revealed a tight correlation between the wind radial velocity and the circumstellar  extinction. The irregular stellar brightness variations are shown to be caused by extinction in a dusty disk wind at a distance of about 0.2 AU from the star. We suggest that cyclic re-adjustments of the stellar magnetosphere and the subsequent magnetospheric mass ejections can have an impact on the dusty disk wind flows near the inner boundary of the circumstellar disk. A role of dusty winds in the  long-lasting dimming events in CTTS is discussed.
What Can We Learn About Stellar Activity Cycles From Zdi?
Creators: name: See, Victor
name: Jardine, Moira
name: Vidotto, Aline
name: Donati, Jean-Francois
name: Boro-Saikia, Sudeshna
name: Bouvier, Jerome
name: Fares, Rim
name: Folsom, Colin
name: Gregory, Scott
name: Hussain, Gaitee
name: Jeffers, Sandra
name: Marsden, Stephen
name: Morin, Julien
name: Moutou, Claire
name: do Nascimento Jr, Jose-Dias
name: Petit, Pascal
name: Waite, Ian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: cool stars
stellar magnetic fields
activity cycles

description: It is known that activity cycles, similar to the 11 year cycle of the Sun, can exist on other stars. Previous work suggests that stars may lie on two branches in a cycle period vs rotation period diagram though there is no definitive explanation for why this should be the case. Fundamentally, activity cycles occur as a result of the underlying dynamo. Indeed, a great deal has been learnt about the Sun’s activity cycle by studying how its magnetic field evolves over each activity cycle. In the same way, we should be able to learn about the activity cycles of others stars by studying their magnetic field properties. In this talk, I will present new insights into stellar activity cycles by analysing the magnetic maps of stars that are known to present activity cycles. I will show that stars along each of the branches appear to have different magnetic field topologies./p>
description: Variability of Solar/Stellar Magnetic Activity splinter session
description: {"references": ["Baliunas, S., et al. 1995, ApJ, 807, 109", "Saar, S., et al. 1999, ApJ, 524, 295", "Bohm-Vitense, E., 2007, ApJ, 657, 486", "Donati, J.-F. and Landstreet, J., 2009, ARA&A, 47, 333", "Wright, N., et al. 2011, ApJ, 743, 48", "See, V., et al 2015, MNRAS, 453, 4301"]}
What is the size distribution of protoplanetary disks in nearby star-forming regions?
Creators: name: Cieza, Lucas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The size of a protoplanetary disk is a fundamental property that controls the potential architectures of planetary systems. However, protoplanetary disks seem to be significantly smaller than previously thought, and after 10 years of ALMA operations, the full-size distribution of protoplanetary disks in star-forming regions remains to be established. As part of the ODISEA project (Ophiuchus DIsk Survey Employing ALMA), we observed 55 faint disks at 0.05" (7 au) resolution and 45 brighter disks at 0.15" (20 au) resolution in Band-8 (400 GHz) to measure the size distribution of 100 disks in a single molecular cloud.
A monitoring campaign (2013-2020) of ESA's Mars Express to study interplanetary plasma scintillation
Creators: name: Kummamuru, P.
name: Calvés, G. Molera
name: Cimò, G.
name: Pogrebenko, S. V.
name: Bocanegra-Bahamón, T. M.
name: Duev, D. A.
name: Said, M. D. Md
name: Edwards, J.
name: Ma, M.
name: Quick, J.
name: Neidhardt, A.
name: de Vicente, P.
name: Haas, R.
name: Kallunki, J.
name: Maccaferri, 1 G.
name: Colucci, G.
name: Yang, W. J.
name: Hao, L. F.
name: Weston, S.
name: Kharinov, M. A.
name: Mikhailov, A. G.
name: Jung, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radio signal transmitted by the Mars Express (MEX) spacecraft was observed regularly between the years 2013-2020 at X-band (8.42 GHz) using the European Very Long Baseline Interferometry (EVN) network and University of Tasmania's telescopes. We present a method to describe the solar wind parameters by quantifying the effects of plasma on our radio signal. In doing so, we identify all the uncompensated effects on the radio signal and see which coronal processes drive them. From a technical standpoint, quantifying the effect of the plasma on the radio signal helps phase referencing for precision spacecraft tracking. The phase fluctuation of the signal was determined for Mars' orbit for solar elongation angles from 0 - 180 deg. The calculated phase residuals allow determination of the phase power spectrum. The total electron content (TEC) of the solar plasma along the line of sight is calculated by removing effects from mechanical and ionospheric noises. The spectral index was determined as $-2.43 \pm 0.11$ which is in agreement with Kolomogorov's turbulence. The theoretical models are consistent with observations at lower solar elongations however at higher solar elongation ($>$160 deg) we see the observed values to be higher. This can be caused when the uplink and downlink signals are positively correlated as a result of passing through identical plasma sheets.
description: The paper has 13 figures and one table. It has been accepted for publication in PASA and the article will receive its DOI in a week's time
Predicting dislocation climb: Classical modeling versus atomistic simulations
Creators: name: Clouet, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical modeling of dislocation climb based on a continuous description of vacancy diffusion is compared to recent atomistic simulations of dislocation climb in body-centered cubic iron under vacancy supersaturation [Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 095501 (2010)]. A quantitative agreement is obtained, showing the ability of the classical approach to describe dislocation climb. The analytical model is then used to extrapolate dislocation climb velocities to lower dislocation densities, in the range corresponding to experiments. This allows testing of the validity of the pure climb creep model proposed by Kabir et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 095501 (2010)].