cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Direct CP Violation, Branching Ratios and Form Factors $B \to π$, $B \to K$ in $B$ Decays
Creators: name: Leitner, O.
name: Guo, X. -H.
name: Thomas, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $B \to π$ and $B \to K$ transitions involved in hadronic B decays are investigated in a phenomenological way through the framework of QCD factorization. By comparing our results with experimental branching ratios from the BELLE, BABAR and CLEO Collaborations for all the B decays including either a pion or a kaon, we propose boundaries for the transition form factors $B \to π$ and $B \to K$ depending on the CKM matrix element parameters $ρ$ and $η$. From this analysis, the form factors required to reproduce the experimental data for branching ratios are $F^{B \to π}= 0.31 \pm 0.12$ and $F^{B \to K}= 0.37\pm 0.13$. We calculate the direct CP violating asymmetry parameter, $a_{CP}$, for $B \to π^{+} π^{-} π$ and $B \to π^{+} π^{-} K$ decays, in the case where $ρ-ω$ mixing effects are taken into account. Based on these results, we find that the direct CP asymmetry for $B^{-} \to π^{+} π^{-} π^{-}$, $\bar{B}^{0} \to π^{+} π^{-} π^{0}$, $B^{-} \to π^{+} π^{-} K^{-}$, and $\bar{B}^{0} \to π^{+} π^{-} \bar{K}^{0}$, reaches its maximum when the invariant mass $π^{+} π^{-}$ is in the vicinity of the $ω$ meson mass. The inclusion of $ρ-ω$ mixing provides an opportunity to erase, without ambiguity, the phase uncertainty mod$(π)$ in the determination of the CKM angles $α$ in case of $b\to u$ and $γ$ in case of $b \to s$.
description: 74 pages, 15 figures, 8 tables. A few misprints corrected, two references added
Understanding and Modelling the Complexity of the Immune System: Systems Biology for Integration and Dynamical Reconstruction of Lymphocyte Multi-Scale Dynamics
Creators: name: Thomas-Vaslin, Véronique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Understanding and modelling the complexity of the immune system is a challenge that is shared by the ImmunoComplexiT$^1$ thematic network from the RNSC. The immune system is a complex biological, adaptive, highly diversified, self-organized and degenerative cognitive network of entities, allowing for a robust and resilient system with emergent properties such as anamnestic responses and regulation. The adaptive immune system has evolved into a complex system of billions of highly diversified lymphocytes all interacting as a connective dynamic, multi-scale organised and distributed system, in order to collectively insure body and species preservation. The immune system is characterized by complexity at different levels: network organisation through fluid cell populations with inter-and intra-cell signalling, lymphocyte receptor diversity, cell clonotype selection and competition at cell level, migration and interaction inside the immunological tissues and fluid dissemination through the organism, homeostatic regulation while rapid adaptation to a changing environment.
VARIATION IN FARM GATE MILK PRICES AND THE COOPERATIVE YARDSTICK REVISITED – PANEL EVIDENCE FROM THE EUROPEAN DAIRY SECTORS
Creators: name: Hanisch, Markus
name: Rommel, Jens
name: Mueller, Malte
name: Hanisch, Markus
name: Rommel, Jens
name: Mueller, Malte
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: EU-27
subject: Dairy
subject: Cooperatives
subject: Cooperative Yardstick

description: With an average market share of about 57%, the European dairy industry is dominated by cooperatives. Large diversity exists in the importance of cooperatives across the EU-27. The cooperative yardstick school of thought suggests that agricultural cooperatives drive competition towards efficiency and “fair” prices. We revisit this argument by analyzing, whether the relative strength of cooperatives in dairy, as measured by market share, explains price variation in average national farm gate milk prices in the EU-27. Our panel data analysis shows that milk prices increase with member states´ market share of cooperatives, when controlling for GDP, fodder prices and new member states. We relate these findings to the policy debate on agricultural cooperatives and conclude that policies promoting cooperatives have the potential to increase farmer welfare.
Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays: New Physics or Old Physics?
Creators: name: Stecker, F. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the advantages of and the problems associated with hypotheses to explain the origin of ulthrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECR: E > 10 EeV) and the "trans GZK" cosmic rays (TGZK: E > 100 EeV), both through "old physics" (acceleration in cosmic sources) and "new physics" (new particles, topological defects, fat neutrino cross sections, Lorentz invariance violation).
description: Invited paper for CRIS 2004 Intl. Seminar on Cosmic Rays: "GZK and Surroundings", to be published in Nucl. Phys. B
Infrastructure, production, and the public realm
Creators: name: Trumble, Anne R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This project posits the need for a design approach to the use of urban sub-infrastructural spaces as public space. The potential held within these neglected parts of the city presents opportunities for the integration of architecture and landscape. The site beneath the infrastructure of the downtown Granville Bridge is one of the last remaining undeveloped parts of downtown False Creek. Surrounded by extreme residential density, the site is formed by the infrastructure creating a unique space unlike any other in the city. Artists involved in small scale industrial production such as textile, fashion, film, and furniture, rely on the city for survival. The design, prototype, production, display, consumption, and involvement of these activities within the public realm are important components to the identity and vigor of any metropolitan city. This project will explore, capture, and capitalize on the unique landscape qualities of partial enclosure provided by the bridge structure. This existing condition provides a spatial quality that is suggestive of opportunities for the integration of interior and exterior functions. With appropriate design intervention this place can become a unique public space while fulfilling the need for a production and entertainment space in downtown Vancouver
Uma análise empírica da volatilidade do retorno de commodities agrícolas utilizando modelos ARCH: os casos do café e da soja
Creators: name: Silva, Washington Santos Da
name: Sáfadi, Thelma
name: Castro Junior, Luiz Gonzaga De
name: Silva, Washington Santos Da
name: Sáfadi, Thelma
name: Castro Junior, Luiz Gonzaga De
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: ARCH models
subject: brazilian agricultural commodities
subject: volatility.

description: We examine the volatility process of the returns of two important brazilian agricultural commodities, the coffee and soy, using models of the ARCH class. The empirical results suggest strong signs of persistence and asymmetry in the volatility of both series. Furthermore, the results suggest that the design of policies that create, facilitate the access and stimulate the use of market-based hedging devices can be proper strategies for such sectors in view of the persistence of shocks and the pronounced volatility found for the returns of these commodities.
Valoração Econômica dos Impactos Ambientais de Tecnologias de Plantio em Região de Cerrados
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Waldecy
name: Rodrigues, Waldecy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Replacement cost method
subject: environmental costs
subject: commodities and environment.

description: The expansion of the agricultural border in brazilian savannahas with the farming production in wide scale extends the environmental costs, however it depends essentially on the adopted technique of plantation. The study it evaluates economically, by Replacement Cost Method, the environmental impacts of technologies of soy and corn plantation. In the case of the soy the no tillage raises the cost of production in 0,47%, but it provokes a reduction of (- 81,22%) in the environmental cost. In the corn, the costs of no tillage are (- 5,92%) lesser of that conventional tillage and provoke a reduction in the environmental cost in (- 29,43%). In the specific region of the study the annual ambient damages caused by the conventional tillage had been esteem in R$ 317,213.39 and the no tillage of R$ 81.375,76. The adoption of the no tillage in the plantation of soy and corn demonstrates its bigger social effectiveness for the reduction of the erosive process and improvement of the outflow and the quality of the rivers.
Improvements for group delay fringe tracking
Creators: name: Basden, A. G.
name: Buscher, D. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Group delay fringe tracking using spectrally-dispersed fringes is suitable for stabilising the optical path difference in ground-based astronomical optical interferometers in low light situations. We discuss the performance of group delay tracking algorithms when the effects of atmospheric dispersion, high-frequency atmospheric temporal phase variations, non-ideal path modulation, non-ideal spectral sampling, and the detection artifacts introduced by electron-multiplying CCDs (EMCCDs) are taken into account, and we present ways in which the tracking capability can be optimised in the presence of these effects.
description: 15 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Multi-wavelength observations of PSRJ 2032+4127 during the 2017 periastron passage
Creators: name: Chernyakova, Maria
name: Malyshev, Denys
name: Blay, Pere
name: van Soelen, Brian
name: Tsygankov, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PSRJ 2032+4127 is only the second known gamma-ray binary where it is confirmed that a young radio pulsar is in orbit around a Be-star. The interaction of the pulsar wind with the mass outflow from the companion leads to broad band emission from radio up to TeV energies. In the current paper we present results of optical monitoring of the 2017 periastron passage with the Nordic Optical Telescope. These observations are complemented by X-ray (Swift/XRT, NuSTAR) and GeV (Fermi/LAT) monitoring. Joint analysis of the evolution of the parameters of the Halpha line and the broadband (X-ray to TeV) spectral shape allows us to propose a model linking the observed emission to the interaction of the pulsar and Be-star winds under the assumption of the inclined disc geometry. Our model allows the observed flux and spectral evolution of the system to be explained in a self-consistent way.
description: accepted to MNRAS
Agroecologia e Agricultura Familiar na Região Centro-Sul do Estado do Paraná
Creators: name: Assis, Renato Linhares De
name: Romeiro, Ademar Ribeiro
name: Assis, Renato Linhares De
name: Romeiro, Ademar Ribeiro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: agro-ecological techniques
subject: sustainable agriculture
subject: innovation dynamics
subject: alternative agriculture
subject: public policies.

description: The paper analyzes the adoption of agro-ecological techniques by a group of small family farmers in a region of the State of Paraná. The sample of the farmers to be interviewed was obtained by applying a methodology of fast rural assessment and relied on the work of a non governmental organization (AS-PTA) that has the major responsible for the technological change in the region. A typology of producers and agrarian systems was obtained, which made it possible to evaluate the technological trajectories followed. A negative correlation was observed between the capitalization level of the farm unity and the adoption of agro-ecological techniques, suggesting that the latter are being introduced as a low risk strategy to improve the production conditions within a context of labor abundance and capital scarcity. The paper concludes that it is worth to support those farmers in their decision through more focused public policies (credit and scientific research).
The local balance laws for energy, momentum and entropy: how they came into being, and what was their destiny
Creators: name: Herrmann, Friedrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The historical process of the genesis of the extensive or substance-like quantities took place in two steps. First, global conservation or non-conservation was discovered. Only later did it become possible to formulate the balance locally in the form of a continuity equation. This process can be clearly seen in energy, momentum, and entropy. After a long and intricate history, the quantitative description of the local balance has been achieved for all of the three quantities in a surprisingly short period of time around the turn of the 19th to the 20th century. The new ideas could have simplified considerably the teaching of energy, momentum, and entropy. However, in all three cases, today's language of physics remained essentially the same as it was at the time when a local balancing was not yet possible.
description: 8 pages
Supplementary Materials from Preventing postnatal depression: a causal mediation analysis of a 20-year preconception cohort
Creators: name: Spry, Elizabeth A.
name: Moreno-Betancur, Margarita
name: Middleton, Melissa
name: Howard, Louise M.
name: Brown, Stephanie J.
name: Molyneaux, Emma
name: Greenwood, Christopher J.
name: Primrose Letcher
name: Macdonald, Jacqui A.
name: Thomson, Kimberly C.
name: Biden, Ebony J.
name: Olsson, Craig A.
name: Patton, George C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Materials
PoDIUM D1.1 Project Management Plan
Creators: name: Gkatzikis Lazaros
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Deliverable D1.1 – project Management Plan – outlines the management strategy and tools that will ensure the effective execution of PoDIUM's tasks T1.1 – Administrative and financial coordination and T1.2 – Technical coordination and innovation management. It describes the governance bodies, relevant meetings, and the internal rules and procedures relating to or complementing the Grant Agreement and the Consortium Agreement, and specifies the risk management procedures. D1.1 will also include the Gantt chart and the Work Breakdown Structure of the PoDIUM project.
Noncommutative Correction to the Aharonov-Bohm Scattering: a Field Theory Approach
Creators: name: Anacleto, M. A.
name: Gomes, M.
name: da Silva, A. J.
name: Spehler, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a noncommutative nonrelativistic theory in 2+1 dimensions of a scalar field coupled to the Chern-Simons field. In the commutative situation this model has been used to simulate the Aharonov-Bohm effect in the field theory context. We verified that, contrarily to the commutative result, the inclusion of a quartic self-interaction of the scalar field is not necessary to secure the ultraviolet renormalizability of the model. However, to obtain a smooth commutative limit the presence of a quartic gauge invariant self-interaction is required. For small noncommutativity we fix the corrections to the Aharonov-Bohm scattering and prove that up to one-loop the model is free from dangerous infrared/ultraviolet divergences.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Strong permanent magnet gradient deflector for Stern-Gerlach-type experiments on molecular beams
Creators: name: Liang, Jiahao
name: Fuchs, Thomas M.
name: Schäfer, Rolf
name: Kresin, Vitaly V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the design, assembly, and testing of a magnet intended to deflect beams of paramagnetic nanoclusters, molecules, and atoms. It is energized by high-grade permanent neodymium magnets. This offers a convenient option in terms of cost, portability, and scalability of the construction, while providing field and gradient values (1.1 T, 330 T/m) which are fully comparable with commonly used electromagnet deflectors.
Photometric Observation and Apsidal motion Study of V1143 Cyg
Creators: name: Dariush, A.
name: Riazi, N.
name: Afroozeh, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photometric observations of the eccentric eclipsing binary V1143 Cygni were performed during the August-September 2000 and July 2002, in B and V bands of the Johnson system. The analysis on both light curves was done separately using the 1998 version of Wilson's LC code. In order to find a new observed rate of apsidal motion, we followed the procedure described by Guinan and Maloney (1985). A new observed rate of apsidal motion of 3.72 degrees/100yr was computed which is close to the one reported earlier by Khaliullin (1983), Gimenez and Margrave (1985), and Burns et al.(1996).
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables, submitted to A&SS
Die Vorzüglichkeit der Grünlandnutzung in der Milchproduktion - Potenzielle Vorteile der Vollweidehaltung
Creators: name: Kiefer, Lukas
name: Bahrs, Enno
name: Over, Ralf
name: Kiefer, Lukas
name: Bahrs, Enno
name: Over, Ralf
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Grundrente
subject: Arrondierung
subject: Halbtagsweide
subject: Vollweide
subject: Ganztagsweide

description: Mit dem Ziel, die Vorzüglichkeit verschiedener Weidesysteme in der Milchproduktion zu ermitteln, wurden mit Unterstützung des Ministeriums für Ländlichen Raum und Verbraucherschutz Baden-Württemberg 81 Milchviehbetriebe in Süddeutschland mit Weidehaltung im Haupterwerb zufällig ausgesucht und in Bezug auf Arbeitswirtschaft, Betriebszweigauswertung Milchvieh inkl. Jungvieh, einzelbetriebliche Buchführungsergebnisse sowie Produktionstechnik der Weidewirtschaft über drei Wirtschaftsjahre (2009-2011) analysiert. Aus den Untersuchungen geht hervor, dass vor allem durch ökologische und grundfutterbetonte Milchproduktion mit intensiver (Voll)-Weidenutzung auf arrondierten Grünlandflächen hohe Grundrenten pro ha erzielt werden konnten. Im Vergleich zu konventionellen Spitzenbetrieben mit ganzjähriger Stallhaltung können die untersuchten Weidebetriebe eine gute Wettbewerbsfähigkeit aufweisen. Im Vergleich zu einer anderen Vergleichsgruppe aus Milchviehbetrieben in benachteiligten Regionen mit wenig Weidegang konnten die Weidebetriebe der Stichprobe deutlich höhere Grundrenten pro ha erzielen, so dass davon auszugehen ist, dass sich insbesondere die Vollweidehaltung in Verbindung mit ökologischem Landbau vor allem auf marginalen Grünlandstandorten weiter ausdehnen kann, sofern die ökologisch wirtschaftenden Betriebe weiterhin mit vergleichbaren Preisaufschlägen für ökologisch gegenüber konventionell produzierter Milch sowie mit bisherigen Förderniveaus rechnen können. Die Ausdehnung dieser Grünlandweidewirtschaft könnte für Grenzertragsregionen einen Mehrwert liefern sowie ein Beitrag zur Erreichung gesellschaftlich gewünschter Nachhaltigkeitskriterien darstellen.
Degradação Ambiental no Estado de Minas Gerais
Creators: name: Fernandes, Elaine Aparecida
name: Cunha, Nina Rosa Da Silveira
name: Silva, Rubicleis Gomes Da
name: Fernandes, Elaine Aparecida
name: Cunha, Nina Rosa Da Silveira
name: Silva, Rubicleis Gomes Da
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: environmental degradation
subject: factorial analysis
subject: cluster analysis.

description: Agricultural activities have historically had great importance in the Economy, and within such context the environment was relegated to secondary importance. Major impacts occurred in environmental degradation terms, leading to the question about which effects towns would have withstood and which similar characteristics are among them. This study attempted to quantify the environmental degradation level of Minas Gerais State’s towns. Specifically, a multivariate analysis attempted to determine such economic, population and biological indicators causing environmental degradation; next, to quantify the degradation in those cities and, finally, to group them according to their similarities. The results showed an average degradation indicator (ID) of 86% for Minas Gerais State; it should be pointed out that more than 40% of those cities had ID values equal to 1. Additionally, other index values were shown above 0.70 that means 70% of the area degraded. The exceptions were the cities of Senator Amaral and Bom Repouso with minimum IDs of 0.04 and 0.10, respectively.
Indice du normalisateur du centralisateur d'un element nilpotent dans une algebre de Lie semi-simple
Creators: name: Moreau, Anne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E46,22E47,22E60,14A10,14A20

description: The index of a complex Lie algebra is the minimal codimension of its coadjoint orbits. Let us suppose $\g$ semisimple, then its index, ${\rm ind} \g$, is equal to its rank, ${\rm rk \g}$. The goal of this paper is to establish a simple general formula for the index of $\n(\g^ξ)$, for $ξ$ nilpotent, where $\n(\g^ξ)$ is the normaliser in $\g$ of the centraliser $\g^ξ$ of $ξ$. More precisely, we have to show the following result, conjectured by D. Panyushev \cite{Panyushev} : $${\rm ind} \n(\g^ξ) = {\rm rk \g}-\dim \z(\g^ξ),$$ where $\z(\g^ξ)$ is the center of $\g^ξ$. D. Panyushev obtained in \cite{Panyushev} the inequality \hbox{${\rm ind} \n(\g^ξ) \geq {\rm rg \g}-\dim \z(\g^ξ)$} and we show that the maximality of the rank of a certain matrix with entries in the symmetric algebra ${\cal S}(\g^ξ)$ implies the other inequality. The main part of this paper consists of the proof of the maximality of the rank of this matrix.
description: 54 pages en francais
Additional mathematical details from Role of high-dose exposure in transmission hot zones as a driver of SARS-CoV-2 dynamics
Creators: name: Wodarz, Dominik
name: Komarova, Natalia L.
name: Schang, Luis M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This file contains additional mathematical details underpinnning this study.
Additional file 1 of Impact of dopamine-related genetic variants on physical activity in old age – a cohort study
Creators: name: Dohrn, Ing-Mari
name: Papenberg, Goran
name: Winkler, Elisabeth
name: Anna-Karin Welmer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Effects of SNPs on sedentary behavior and light-to-moderate physical activity.
Delayed compensatory responses in a guild of ant-followers
Creators: name: Touchton, Janeene M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: I studied the influence of competition on the maintenance of a dominance structured multi-species guild of ant-following birds. I explored the numerical and behavioral responses of bicolored (Gymnopithys leucaspis) and spotted (Hylophylax naevioides) antbirds several generations after the extirpation of the dominant ocellated (Phaenostictus mcleannani) antbird on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. I compared the abundances and behavior of these species to data collected by E.O. Willis and others prior to the decline of ocellated antbirds on Barro Colorado, and to a nearby mainland control in Parque Nacional Soberania, where the complete guild of these ant-followers still exists. Populations of bicolored and spotted antbirds increased in density on Barro Colorado, completely compensating in combined biomass for the loss in overall biomass by ocellated antbirds. Historical records suggest that complete population turnover of these species occurred before density compensation was detectable. At ant swarms on Barro Colorado, the numbers of spotted antbirds doubled from historical records and in comparison to Soberania. The increased proportion of biomass of spotted antbirds at swarms on Barro Colorado compensated for the reduced proportion of biomass of ocellated antbirds. No shifts in microhabitat use by bicolored antbirds was observed after the loss of the dominant ocellated antbird. Bicolored antbirds foraged at similar rates, showed similar aggression towards conspecifics, and equal activity at ant swarms on Barro Colorado and in Soberania. Rates of aggression between bicolored and spotted antbirds on Barro Colorado, however, increased. Ocellated antbirds rarely interacted directly with spotted antbirds in Soberania, consistent with historical observations. Thus, the limited swarm use by spotted antbirds historically on Barro Colorado and in Soberania likely results from indirect competitive pressure promoted by ocellated antbirds and mediated through direct interactions with bicolored antbirds. My results suggest that interspecific competition actively maintains guild structure in this complex tropical foraging association through direct and indirect interactions. Behavioral adaptations in guilds may occur over several generations, delaying the onset of compensatory responses. Detailed long-term experiments and/or comparative analyses are needed to fully understand the role of competition in the structuring of multi-species guilds in tropical forests.
Raman Spectroscopy of Bi2Se3-xTex (x= 0 to 3) Topological Insulator Crystals
Creators: name: Sharma, Deepak
name: Sharma, M. M.
name: Meena, R. S.
name: Awana, V. P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report crystal growth and Raman spectroscopy characterization of pure and mixed bulk topological insulators. The series comprises of both binary and ternary tetradymite topological insulators. We analyzed in detail the Raman peaks of vibrational modes as out of plane Ag, and in plane Eg for both binary and ternary tetradymite topological insulators. Both out of plane Ag exhibit obvious atomic size dependent peak shifts and the effect is much lesser for the former than the latter. The situation is rather interesting for in plane Eg, which not only shows the shift but rather a broader hump like structure. The de convolution of the same show two clear peaks, which are understood in terms of the presence of separate in plane BiSe and BiTe modes in mixed tetradymite topological insulators. Summarily, various Raman modes of well-characterized pure and mixed topological insulator single crystals are reported and discussed in this article.
description: 17 Pages Text + Figs
Additional file 1 of Therapeutic effect of Arthrocnemum machrostachyum methanolic extract on Ehrlich solid tumor in mice
Creators: name: Sharawi, Zeina W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Median lethal dose (LD50) determination for Arthrocnemum machrostachyum methanolic extract. Figure S1. Full blots of proteins.
Anomalous low temperature state of CeOs4Sb12: Magnetic field and La-impurity study
Creators: name: Rotundu, C. R.
name: Andraka, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Specific heat for single crystalline samples of Ce1-xLaxOs4Sb12 at zero-field and magnetic fields to 14 T is reported. Our results confirm enhanced value of the electronic specific heat coefficient in the paramagnetic state. They provide arguments for the intrinsic origin of the 1.1 K anomaly. This transition leads to opening of the gap at the Fermi surface. This low temperature state of CeOs4Sb12 is extremely sensitive to chemical impurities. 2% of La substituted for Ce suppresses the transition and reduces the electronic specific heat coefficient. The magnetic field response of the specific heat is also anomalous.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Vertragliche Zusammenarbeit bei der energetischen Biomasselieferung: Einstellungen und Bindungsbereitschaften von deutschen Landwirten
Creators: name: Granoszewski, Karol
name: Spiller, Achim
name: Granoszewski, Karol
name: Spiller, Achim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Vertikale Koordination
subject: Vertragslandwirtschaft
subject: Risikoaversion
subject: Autonomie
subject: Bioenergie

description: Im Zuge der Energiewende treten immer mehr Bioenergieanlagenbetreiber an Landwirte heran, um ihren Biomassebedarf langfristig vertraglich abzusichern. Sie verfügen jedoch nur über wenig Erfahrung bezüglich Vertragsmotivationen von Landwirten. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird auf Basis einer Befragung von 209 Landwirten eine Segmentierung von Betriebsleitern anhand ihrer unternehmerischen Einstellungen durchgeführt. Die identifizierten Unternehmersegmente unterscheiden sich hinsichtlich wahrgenommenem Vertragsnutzen und Bindungsbereitschaft. Langfristig bindungsbereite Vertragsbefürworter zeichnen sich durch eine geringe Autonomiepräferenz aus. Die in der Literatur häufig bestätigte Motivation, aus Risikogesichtspunkten Verträge einzugehen, kann dagegen nicht nachgewiesen werden. Auf Basis der Ergebnisse werden Managementempfehlungen hinsichtlich der Akquise von Vertragslieferanten sowie Schlussfolgerungen für die Vertragsforschung gegeben.
Bestimmungsfaktoren der Silomaisproduktion - Eine räumlich-ökonometrische Analyse
Creators: name: Scholz, Lukas
name: Meyer-Aurich, Andreas
name: Kirschke, Dieter
name: Scholz, Lukas
name: Meyer-Aurich, Andreas
name: Kirschke, Dieter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Biogasproduktion
subject: Räumliche Ökonometrie
subject: Ex-post-Analysen

description: Der Ausbau der Silomaisproduktion hat in den letzten Jahren eine dynamische Entwicklung erlebt. Dies geschah vor dem Hintergrund kontinuierlich abnehmender Rinderbestände und einem rasanten Anstieg der Biogasproduktion. Angaben zum tatsächlichen Anbauumfang von Silomais für die deutsche Biogaserzeugung divergieren für das Jahr 2010 zwischen 500 000 ha und 800 000 ha. Auf Basis der im Rahmen dieser Studie entwickelten räumlich-ökonometrischen Schätzmodelle, kann eine Abschätzung des Einsatzes von Silomais in der Biogasproduktion und Milch- und Rinderhaltung am Beispiel des Bundeslandes Bayern gegeben werden. So beträgt der durchschnittlich geschätzte Anteil von Silomais an der landwirtschaftlichen Nutzfläche in Bayern 4,5 % für die Biogasproduktion und für die Milch- und Rindviehhaltung durchschnittlich 7,2 %. Für energetische Zwecke werden zudem schät-zungsweise 40 % der Gesamtproduktion von Silomais eingesetzt. Durch die Ergebnisse dieser Studie kann ein möglicher weiterer Ausbau der Biogasproduktion umfassender bewertet werden. Mögliche Nutzungskonkurrenzen zwischen traditionellen Agrarsystemen und der Biogasproduktion sollten regional differenziert und auf einem möglichst hoch auflösenden räumlichen Aggregationsniveau betrachtet werden.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS AFFECTING GROUNDNUT PRODUCTION IN SABONGARI LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
Creators: name: Usman, Ibrahim
name: Taiwo, Ayinde Bintu
name: Haratu, Dauda
name: Abubakar, Mukhtar Aishatu
name: Usman, Ibrahim
name: Taiwo, Ayinde Bintu
name: Haratu, Dauda
name: Abubakar, Mukhtar Aishatu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Groundnut
subject: Gross margin
subject: Cost-benefit ratio

description: Groundnut an important oil seed crop provides significant sources of cash through the sales of seed, cakes, oil and haulms. Groundnut plays an important role in the diets of rural populations. Groundnut pod yields from farmer’s field are low, averaging about 800 kg per ha, less than one-third the potential yield of 3000 kg per ha. This large gap is of concern and in view of this, the study was carried out to assess the socio economic characteristics of groundnut farmers, determine the level of profitability of groundnut production, the resource use efficiency as well as to find out problems encountered in groundnut production in Sabon-gari local government area. Seventy-nine farmers involved in groundnut production were randomly selected from the various farms located within the local government area. Data were collected using primary and secondary sources. To examine the profitability of groundnut production, the gross margin and cost benefit analysis were carried out. The result of the study shows that experienced farmers are less involved in groundnut production and most groundnut farmers are engaged in other form of businesses. The cost, availability, and lack of technical knowledge of inputs requirements are responsible for poor use of the inputs. Labour, fertilizer, seed and herbicides are all over utilized except insecticide which is underutilized. Among the problems encountered in groundnut production in the study are lacks of capital and extension services. These two problems accounted for over 78% of the problem of groundnut in the study area. It is therefore recommended that government and research institutes should strengthen extension services to deliver improved technologies to the farmers. Farmers are also advised to source for loans through cooperatives, banks and other available sources at low charges and the procedure for loan should be made simple to enable farmers’ access loans so that groundnut production can be improved.
Collapse modes in SC and BCC arrangements of elastic beads
Creators: name: Ostanin, Igor A.
name: Oganov, Artem R.
name: Magnanimo, Vanessa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collapse modes in compressed simple cubic (SC) and body-centered cubic (BCC) periodic arrangements of elastic frictionless beads were studied numerically using the discrete element method. Under pure hydrostatic compression, the SC arrangement tends to transform into a defective hexagonal close-packed or amorphous structure. The BCC assembly exhibits several modes of collapse, one of which, identified as cI16 structure, is consistent with the behavior of BCC metals Li and Na under high pressure. The presence of a deviatoric stress leads to the transformation of the BCC structure into face-centered cubic (FCC) one via the Bain path. The observed effects provide important insights on the origins of mechanical behavior of atomic systems, while the elastic spheres model used in our work can become a useful paradigm, expanding the capabilities of a hard sphere model widely used in many branches of science.
Alienation of Rural Cooperative Finance and the Innovation of Financial Organization in China
Creators: name: Li, Yan
name: Li, Yan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Rural cooperative finance
subject: Alienation
subject: Rural credit cooperatives
subject: Organization innovation， China

description: Based on the elaboration of the content and status of rural cooperative finance, rural cooperative finance——the alienation of rural credit cooperative is introduced from three aspects of the concept and objective of management, the organizational form and management mode, and the service object and business scope. Causes of alienation are analyzed. Firstly, change in the economic foundation of cooperative finance is the fundamental reasons for the alienation. Secondly, mandatory system change led by the government is an important reason for alienation. Thirdly, property and administration structure of rural credit cooperative are the internal reasons for alienation of agricultural support. To achieve the innovation of rural cooperative financial organization, the following aspects should be done: cultivating the basis for rural cooperative economy, further promoting the reform of rural credit cooperatives (innovating a variety of property rights modes; making clear definition of ownership; implementing the internal governance structure), introducing competition in the field of rural cooperative finance, and homing function of government and rural cooperative finance.
Supplementary Information from No warning for slow transitions
Creators: name: Bolt, Bregje Van Der
name: Nes, Egbert H. Van
name: Scheffer, Marten
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: This document contains a more detailed description of the used methods and additional analyses. Specifically, this document contains additional information on (1) the analysis without scaling of the noise (Text S1), (2) the different noise types that were used (Text S2), (3) an analysis with fast rates of change (Text S3), and (4) a sensitivity analysis for window size and bandwidth (Text S4).
3-200 keV spectral states and variability of the INTEGRAL Black Hole binary IGR J17464-3213
Creators: name: Capitanio, F.
name: Ubertini, P.
name: Bazzano, A.
name: Kretschmar, P.
name: Zdziarski, A. A.
name: Joinet, A.
name: Barlow, E. J.
name: Bird, A. J.
name: Dean, A. J.
name: Jourdain, E.
name: De Cesare, G.
name: Del Santo, M.
name: Natalucci, L.
name: Bel, M. Cadolle
name: Goldwurm, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On March 2003, IBIS, the gamma-ray imager on board the INTEGRAL satellite, detected an outburst from a new source, IGR J17464-3213, that turned out to be a HEAO-1 transient, H1743-322. In this paper we report on the high energy behaviour of this BHC studied with the three main instruments onboard INTEGRAL. The data, collected with unprecedented sensitivity in the hard X-Ray range, show a quite hard Comptonised emission from 3 keV up to 150 keV during the rising part of the source outburst, with no thermal emission detectable. A few days later, a prominent soft disk multicolour component appears, with the hard tail luminosity almost unchanged: 10-9 erg*cm-2*s-1. Two months later, during a second monitoring campaign near the end of the outburst, the observed disk component was unchanged. Conversely, the Comptonised emission from the central-hot part of the disk reduced by a factor of 10. We present here its long term behaviour in different energy ranges and the combined JEM-X, SPI and IBIS wide band spectral evolution of this source.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted for pubblication in APJ
Transfer of Rural Surplus Labor and Vocational Education
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun
name: An, Dong-Ping
name: Zhang, Jun
name: An, Dong-Ping
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Rural surplus labor
subject: Labor quality
subject: Vocational education
subject: China

description: The paper introduces about the rural surplus labor transfer. According to the paper, the transfer of rural surplus labor in China presents such fundamental characteristics as randomness and non-thoroughness, scope and field constraint, and hysteretic nature of employment and industrial structure conversion. Besides, the causes of the difficulties in the transfer of rural surplus labor lie in the barriers from the system and policy, structural imbalance of industry and low quality of rural labor. The paper studies the correlation between the quality and the transfer of rural surplus labor in a systematical way from three aspects, which are the correlations between rural labor quality and the transfer difficulty & speed, the transfer scope & field and the employment stability & income after transfer respectively. Moreover, the paper carries out analysis of the special effects of vocational education on the transfer of rural surplus labor in China, which shows that vocational education is a help in the improvement of cultural qualities, labor skills and physical & mental health of rural labor.
Controlling network ensembles
Creators: name: Klickstein, Isaac
name: Sorrentino, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The field of optimal control typically requires the assumption of perfect knowledge of the system one desires to control, which is an unrealistic assumption for biological systems, or networks, typically affected by high levels of uncertainty. Here, we investigate the minimum energy control of network ensembles, which may take one of a finite number of possible realizations. We ensure the controller derived can perform the desired control with a tunable amount of accuracy and we study how the control energy and the overall control cost scale with the number of possible realizations. We verify the theory in three examples of interest: a unidirectional chain network with uncertain edge weights and self-loop weights, a network where each edge weight is drawn from a given distribution, and the Jacobian of the dynamics corresponding to the cell signaling network of autophagy in the presence of uncertain parameters. Our work sheds fundamental insight into the relationship between optimality and uncertainty. Our main result is that the optimal cost corresponding to the solution of the optimal control problem remains finite for possibly infinitely many network realizations as long as uncertainty is bounded.
The grey correlation analysis about the Relationship between the Rural Finance and the Rural Economical Growth of Sichuan Province
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiao-Fang
name: Qi, Yan-Bin
name: Zhang, Xiao-Fang
name: Qi, Yan-Bin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Rural finance development
subject: Rural economic growth
subject: Grey correlation analysis
subject: China

description: This paper analyzes the relationship between rural finance of Sichuan Province and the rural economy from 1999 to 2009 by using the sequential growth rate of the total value of farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery and the sequential growth rate of the per capital total income of rural households as the indicators of rural economic development; and taking the volume of deposit, volume of credit, volume of agricultural credit and the credit volume of township enterprises as the indicators of rural financial development; as well as the method of grey correlation analysis. The results show that there is an obvious positive correlation between them, and the development of country finance has the closest connection with the sequential growth rate of farming, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline production and fishery. The loan scale of township enterprises has the biggest influence on the increase of the rural economy. The countermeasures are put forward, covering optimizing investment structure; supporting the development of township enterprises; encouraging loan; actively lightening the financial difficulties in the process of developing rural economy; innovating and exploring; and promoting the diversified development of rural finance.
Melodic introspections : the life and cultural landscape of Srul Irving Glick as reflected in his composition "Old Toronto Klezmer Suite"
Creators: name: Hopper, Deborah C. S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Srul Irving Glick was one of Canada's most brilliant and prolific composers of the late twentieth century. Born and raised within the Toronto Jewish community, Glick was surrounded by a myriad of musical influences from his father's work as a cantor to his brother's career as a professional clarinetist. Although Glick struggled early in his life with his identity as a Jew, he ultimately accepted and embraced his heritage. In his 1998 composition "Old Toronto Klezmer Suite" Glick achieves a seamless blending of his Jewish and art music backgrounds creating a rich score filled with meaning. Through a historical, musical and autobiographical analysis of his composition this thesis attempts to show the ways Glick has negotiated identity within his music, and how, by reevaluating his own preconceptions, he was able to expand the boundaries of Jewish and Canadian composition.
Unitarity as preservation of entropy and entanglement in quantum systems
Creators: name: Hulpke, Florian
name: Poulsen, Uffe V.
name: Sanpera, Anna
name: De, Aditi Sen
name: Sen, Ujjwal
name: Lewenstein, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The logical structure of Quantum Mechanics (QM) and its relation to other fundamental principles of Nature has been for decades a subject of intensive research. In particular, the question whether the dynamical axiom of QM can be derived from other principles has been often considered. In this contribution, we show that unitary evolutions arise as a consequences of demanding preservation of entropy in the evolution of a single pure quantum system, and preservation of entanglement in the evolution of composite quantum systems.
description: To be submitted to the special issue of Foundations of Physics on the occassion of the seventieth birthday of Emilio Santos. v2: 10 pages, no figures, RevTeX4; Corrected and extended version, containing new results on consequences of entanglement preservation
Additional file 1 of The impact of health literacy environment on patient stress: a systematic review
Creators: name: Yeh, John
name: Ostini, Remo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: APPENDIX 3. Critical Appraisal Tool