cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Social World Knowledge: Modeling and Applications
Creators: name: Lotan, Nir
name: Minkov, Einat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social world knowledge is a key ingredient in effective communication and information processing by humans and machines alike. As of today, there exist many knowledge bases that represent factual world knowledge. Yet, there is no resource that is designed to capture social aspects of world knowledge. We believe that this work makes an important step towards the formulation and construction of such a resource. We introduce SocialVec, a general framework for eliciting low-dimensional entity embeddings from the social contexts in which they occur in social networks. In this framework, entities correspond to highly popular accounts which invoke general interest. We assume that entities that individual users tend to co-follow are socially related, and use this definition of social context to learn the entity embeddings. Similar to word embeddings which facilitate tasks that involve text semantics, we expect the learned social entity embeddings to benefit multiple tasks of social flavor. In this work, we elicited the social embeddings of roughly 200K entities from a sample of 1.3M Twitter users and the accounts that they follow. We employ and gauge the resulting embeddings on two tasks of social importance. First, we assess the political bias of news sources in terms of entity similarity in the social embedding space. Second, we predict the personal traits of individual Twitter users based on the social embeddings of entities that they follow. In both cases, we show advantageous or competitive performance using our approach compared with task-specific baselines. We further show that existing entity embedding schemes, which are fact-based, fail to capture social aspects of knowledge. We make the learned social entity embeddings available to the research community to support further exploration of social world knowledge and its applications.
description: Accepted for publication in PLOS ONE
Basalys cymocles Nixon 1980
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Diapriidae
Basalys
Basalys cymocles

description: Basalys cymocles Nixon, 1980: 27, 29, fig. 74.
Valid name
Basalys cymocles Nixon, 1980.
Summary of types
Holotype ♀, BMNH number 9.819, by original designation. Paratypes 3 ♀♀.
Primary type data
Surrey / Ashtead/ 30.vii.1932 / G.Nixon; Basalys / cymocles/ Nixon/ type ♀, 197.
Type locality
England, Surrey, Ashtead.
Remarks
The holotype is mounted on a card point and is entire.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 97, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Equilibration and Typicality in Quantum Processes
Creators: name: ROMERO, PEDRO FIGUEROA
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Thermodynamics and statistical physics
Foundations of quantum mechanics
Mathematical physics not elsewhere classified
Quantum physics not elsewhere classified

description: Forgetfulness is a common feature of nature. Moreover, without forgetfulness, repeatability would be impossible. Despite this, small systems constantly leak information about their state to their surroundings, and quantum mechanics tells us that this information cannot be deleted, invariably returning to influence their future behaviour. How can physical nature be forgetful if it is forbidden to forget? The results within this thesis bridge this gap between what we see in the real world and what idealised physical theories say, explaining the emergence of forgetful processes from closed quantum dynamics and allowing to quantify the rate at which memory effects become relevant.
The cosmological star formation history from the Local Cosmological Volume of galaxies and constraints on the matter homogeneity
Creators: name: Haslbauer, Moritz
name: Kroupa, Pavel
name: Jerabkova, Tereza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lilly-Madau plot is commonly interpreted as the history of the cosmic star formation of the Universe by showing the co-moving star formation rate density (SFRD) over cosmic time. Therefore, the Lilly-Madau plot is sensitive not only to the star formation history (SFH) but also to the number density of galaxies. Assessing the Catalogue of Neighbouring Galaxies, we reconstruct the SFHs of galaxies located in the Local Cosmological Volume (LV) based on delayed-$τ$ and power-law SFH models. Galaxies with stellar masses of $M_{*} \gtrsim 10^{10}\,\rm{M_{\odot}}$ typically evolve according to the delayed-$τ$ model by having first increasing followed by exponentially declining SFRs, while the majority of less massive star-forming galaxies have an almost constant or increasing SFH. Deducing the cosmic SFRD evolution of the LV reveals that the SFHs of local galaxies are inconsistent with the Lilly-Madau plot. The SFRDs of the LV are significantly lower at redshifts of $z \lesssim 3$ underestimating the Lilly-Madau peak at $z = 1.86$ by a factor of $2.16\pm0.32$ (delayed-$τ$ model) and $5.90\pm0.88$ (power-law model). Assuming the delayed-$τ$ model for galaxies with $M_{*} \geq 10^{10}\,\rm{M_{\odot}}$ and a power-law model for less massive galaxies, the SFRD is $2.22\pm0.33$ lower than measured at $z = 1.86$. This inconsistency between the evolution of the local and global SFRD has cosmological implications. Since the Lilly-Madau plot also constrains the cosmological matter field, the near-constancy of SFHs of LV galaxies could imply that the peak of the Lilly-Madau plot at $z = 1.86$ is the imprint of an $\approx~5$ co-moving Gpc-scale inhomogeneity.
description: Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS), 12 pages, 5 figures; replacement for conformity with published version
Spectroscopic comparative study of the red giant binary system gamma Leonis A and B
Creators: name: Takeda, Yoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma~Leo is a long-period visual binary system consisting of K0III (A) and G7III (B) giants, in which particular interest is attracted by the brighter A since the discovery of a planet around it. While detailed spectroscopic comparative study of both components would be worthwhile (e.g., for probing any impact of planet formation on chemical abundances), such a research seems to have been barely attempted as most available studies tend to be biased toward A. Given this situation, the physical properties of A and B along with their differences were investigated based on high-dispersion spectra in order to establish their stellar parameters, evolutionary status, and surface chemical compositions. The following results were obtained. (1) The masses were derived as ~1.7Msun and ~1.6Msun for A and B, respectively, both of which are likely to be in the stage of red clump giants after He-ignition. The mass of the planet around A has also been revised as m*sin(i) = 10.7M_Jupiter (increased by ~20%). (2) These are normal giants of subsolar metallicity ([Fe/H]~-0.4) belonging to the thin-disk population. (3) A as well as B show moderate C deficiency and N enrichment, which are in compatible with the prediction from the standard stellar evolution theory. (4) The chemical abundances of 26 elements are practically the same within <~0.1dex for both components, which implies that the surface chemistry is not appreciably affected by the existence of a planet in A.
description: 17 pages including 8 tables and 8 figures (with electronic data as online material), accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science
A comparison of different Fourier transform procedures for analysis of diffraction data from noble gas fluids
Creators: name: Proctor, John E.
name: Pruteanu, Ciprian G.
name: Moss, Benjamin
name: Kuzovnikov, Mikhail A.
name: Ackland, Graeme J.
name: Monk, Christopher W.
name: Anzellini, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comparison is made between the three principal methods for analysis of neutron and X-ray diffraction data from noble gas fluids by direct Fourier transform. All three methods (standard Fourier transform, Lorch modification and Soper-Barney modification) are used to analyse four different sets of diffraction data from noble gas fluids. The results are compared to the findings of a full-scale real space structure determination, namely Empirical Potential Structure Refinement. Conclusions are drawn on the relative merits of the three Fourier transform methods, what information can be reliably obtained using each method, and which method is most suitable for analysis of different kinds of diffraction data. The mathematical validity of the Lorch method is critically analysed.
description: Including supplementary information
Superhumps and their Evolution during Superoutbursts
Creators: name: Smak, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light curves of superhumps and their evolution during superoutbursts are analyzed by decomposing them into their Fourier components, including the fundamental mode and the first three overtones. The amplitudes of the fundamental mode are found to decrease significantly during superoutburst while those of the overtones remain practically constant. The phases of maxima of the fundamental mode {\it increase} systematically during superoutburst while those of the overtones -- systematically {\it decrease}. The combination of the two effects is responsible for the characteristic evolution of superhump light curves: the appearance and growth of the secondary humps and the spurious phase jumps in the (O-C) diagrams. Two intrepretations are possible. Either that instead of just one superhump period $P_{sh}$ there are four periods $P_k$ which resemble -- but are significantly different from -- the fundamental mode and the first three overtones of $P_{sh}$. Or -- more likely -- that those time-dependent phase shifts are genuine.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures; submitted to "Acta Astronomica"
MPEC 2024-R64 : 2024 RT1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 RT1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Cellular and molecular basis of atmospheric hydrogen and carbon monoxide oxidation in mycobacteria
Creators: name: CORDERO, PAUL RODRIGO
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Microbiology not elsewhere classified
Microbial genetics
Biochemistry and cell biology not elsewhere classified

description: This study improves understanding of how mycobacteria, a group of environmentally and medically important bacteria, use trace gases as energy sources. Here I show that the model organism Mycobacterium smegmatis uses the dependable energy sources atmospheric hydrogen and carbon monoxide to survive nutrient starvation. They do so by synthesizing specific enzymes, namely hydrogenases and carbon monoxide dehydrogenases, in response to organic carbon levels. These enzymes are physically and functionally integrated with the aerobic respiratory chain and, when lost, cause survival defects. In turn, these findings provide new cellular and biochemical insights into how bacteria control the composition of the atmosphere.
Side-gate leakage and field emission in all-graphene field effect transistors on SiO2/Si substrate
Creators: name: Di Bartolomeo, Antonio
name: Giubileo, Filippo
name: Iemmo, Laura
name: Romeo, Francesco
name: Russo, Saverio
name: Unal, Selim
name: Passacantando, Maurizio
name: Grossi, Valentina
name: Cucolo, Anna Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We fabricate planar all-graphene field-effect transistors with self-aligned side-gates at 100 nm from the main graphene conductive channel, using a single lithographic step. We demonstrate side-gating below 1V with conductance modulation of 35% and transconductance up to 0.5 mS/mm at 10 mV drain bias. We measure the planar leakage along the SiO2/vacuum gate dielectric over a wide voltage range, reporting rapidly growing current above 15 V. We unveil the microscopic mechanisms driving the leakage, as Frenkel-Poole transport through SiO2 up to the activation of Fowler-Nordheim tunneling in vacuum, which becomes dominant at high voltages. We report a field-emission current density as high as 1uA/um between graphene flakes. These findings are essential for the miniaturization of atomically thin devices.
description: Research article, 8 pages, 5 figures
Can flamelet manifolds capture the interactions of thermo-diffusive instabilities and turbulence in lean hydrogen flames? -- An a-priori analysis
Creators: name: Böttler, Hannes
name: Kaddar, Driss
name: Ferraro, Federica
name: Scholtissek, Arne
name: Nicolai, Hendrik
name: Hasse, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flamelet-based methods are extensively used in modeling turbulent hydrocarbon flames. However, these models have yet to be established for (lean) premixed hydrogen flames. While flamelet models exist for laminar thermo-diffusively unstable hydrogen flames, for which consideration of curvature effects has resulted in improved model predictions, it is still unclear whether these models are directly applicable to turbulent hydrogen flames. Therefore, a detailed assessment of stretch effects on thermochemical states in a turbulent lean premixed hydrogen-air slot flame through finite-rate chemistry simulations is conducted. Strain and curvature are examined individually using a composition space model, revealing their distinct influences on thermochemical states. An a-priori analysis confirms that the previously developed tabulated manifolds fall short of capturing all turbulent flame phenomena, necessitating a novel manifold incorporating both strain and curvature variations. These results underscore the significance of these variations in developing manifold-based combustion models for turbulent lean hydrogen flames.
Subarcsecond Analysis of Infalling-Rotating Envelope around the Class I Protostar IRAS 04365+2535
Creators: name: Sakai, Nami
name: Oya, Yoko
name: López-Sepulcre, Ana
name: Watanabe, Yoshimasa
name: Sakai, Takeshi
name: Hirota, Tomoya
name: Aikawa, Yuri
name: Ceccarelli, Cecilia
name: Lefloch, Bertrand
name: Caux, Emmanuel
name: Vastel, Charlotte
name: Kahane, Claudine
name: Yamamoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sub-arcsecond images of the rotational line emission of CS and SO have been obtained toward the Class I protostar IRAS 04365$+$2535 in TMC-1A with ALMA. A compact component around the protostar is clearly detected in the CS and SO emission. The velocity structure of the compact component of CS reveals infalling-rotating motion conserving the angular momentum. It is well explained by a ballistic model of an infalling-rotating envelope with the radius of the centrifugal barrier (a half of the centrifugal radius) of 50 AU, although the distribution of the infalling gas is asymmetric around the protostar. The distribution of SO is mostly concentrated around the radius of the centrifugal barrier of the simple model. Thus a drastic change in chemical composition of the gas infalling onto the protostar is found to occur at a 50 AU scale probably due to accretion shocks, demonstrating that the infalling material is significantly processed before being delivered into the disk.
description: 15 March 2016, ApJ, accepted
Experimental study of excited states of ${}^{62}$Ni via one-neutron $(d,p)$ transfer up to the neutron-separation threshold and characteristics of the pygmy dipole resonance states
Creators: name: Spieker, M.
name: Baby, L. T.
name: Conley, A. L.
name: Kelly, B.
name: Müscher, M.
name: Renom, R.
name: Schüttler, T.
name: Zilges, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The degree of collectivity of the Pygmy Dipole Resonance (PDR) is an open question. Recently, Ries {\it et al.} have suggested the onset of the PDR beyond $N=28$ based on the observation of a significant $E1$ strength increase in the Cr isotopes and proposed that the PDR has its origin in a few-nucleon effect. Earlier, Inakura {\it et al.} had predicted by performing systematic calculations using the random-phase approximation (RPA) with the Skyrme functional SkM* that the $E1$ strength of the PDR strongly depends on the position of the Fermi level and that it displays a clear correlation with the occupation of orbits with orbital angular momenta less than $3\hbar$ $(l \leq 2)$. To further investigate the microscopic structures causing the possible formation of a PDR beyond the $N=28$ neutron shell closure, we performed a $^{61}$Ni$(d,p){}^{62}$Ni experiment at the John D. Fox Superconducting Linear Accelerator Laboratory of Florida State University. To determine the angular momentum transfer populating possible $J^π = 1^-$ states and other excited states of ${}^{62}$Ni, angular distributions and associated single-neutron transfer cross sections were measured with the Super-Enge Split-Pole Spectrograph. A number of $J^π = 1^-$ states were observed below the neutron-separation threshold after being populated through $l=2$ angular momentum transfers. A comparison to available $(γ,γ')$ data for ${}^{58,60}$Ni provides evidence that the $B(E1)$ strength shifts further down in energy. The $(d,p)$ data clearly prove that $l=0$ strength, i.e., the neutron $(2p_{3/2})^{-1}(3s_{1/2})^{+1}$ one-particle-one-hole configuration plays only a minor role for $1^-$ states below the neutron-separation threshold in ${}^{62}$Ni.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review C
Review of Neutrino Experiments Searching for Astrophysical Neutrinos
Creators: name: Decoene, Valentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the last two decades, we have intensified our search for a ghost particle, with the hope that it would provide us with information on the darkest places of our Universe. This quest has been conducted from the deep caves of the Earth, up to the upper layers of our atmosphere, and from one Pole to another. In this review, I will summarize the odyssey of the search for astrophysical neutrinos. I will focus on the recent discoveries and technical developments that led us to the point where we stand now. I will highlight the different types of neutrino detectors, and their performances enabling the discovery of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos, and the understanding of their sources behind. Finally, I will present some possible paths to the remaining uncharted territory of the ultra-high-energy neutrino astronomy.
description: Proceeding ICRC 2023: 24 pages and 2 figures
Controlling photons by phonons via giant atom in a waveguide QED setup
Creators: name: Li, Xinyu
name: Zhao, Wei
name: Wang, Zhihai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the single photon scattering in a phonon-photon hybrid system in the waveguide QED scheme. In our consideration, an artificial giant atom, which is dressed by the phonons in a surface acoustic wave resonator, interacts with a coupled resonator waveguide (CRW) nonlocally via two connecting sites. Together with the interference effect by the nonlocal coupling, the phonon serves as a controller to the transport of the photon in the waveguide. On the one hand, the coupling strength between the giant atom and the surface acoustic wave resonator modulates the width of the transmission valley or window in the near resonant regime. On the other hand, the two reflective peaks induced by the Rabi splitting degrade into a single one when the giant atom is large detuned from the surface acoustic resonator, which implies an effective dispersive coupling. Our study paves the way for the potential application of giant atoms in the hybrid system.
description: 4 Pages, 4 Figures, Published on Optics Letters
The Early Growth of the First Black Holes
Creators: name: Johnson, Jarrett L.
name: Haardt, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With detections of quasars powered by increasingly massive black holes (BHs) at increasingly early times in cosmic history over the past decade, there has been correspondingly rapid progress made on the theory of early BH formation and growth. Here we review the emerging picture of how the first massive BHs formed from the primordial gas and then grew to supermassive scales. We discuss the initial conditions for the formation of the progenitors of these seed BHs, the factors dictating the initial masses with which they form, and their initial stages of growth via accretion, which may occur at super-Eddington rates. Finally, we briefly discuss how these results connect to large-scale simulations of the growth of supermassive BHs over the course of the first billion years following the Big Bang.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, invited review accepted for publication in PASA
An accurate reaction-diffusion limit to the spherical-symmetric Boltzmann equation
Creators: name: Heizler, Shay I.
name: Krief, Menahem
name: Assaf, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We resolve a long standing question regarding the suitable effective diffusion coefficient of the spherically-symmetric transport equation, which is valid at long times. To that end, we generalize a transport solution in three dimensions for homogeneous media, to include general collisional properties, including birth-death events and linearly anisotropic scattering. This is done by introducing an exact scaling law relating the Green function of the pure-scattering case with the general collision case, which is verified using deterministic and Monte-Carlo simulations. Importantly, the effective diffusion coefficient is identified by inspecting the transport solution at long times.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Smoothed particle hydrodynamics modelling of dusty protoplanetary discs
Creators: name: MENTIPLAY, DANIEL FRYDLENDER
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: High energy astrophysics and galactic cosmic rays
Astroparticle physics and particle cosmology

description: Recent high resolution observations of protoplanetary discs, the birthplace of planets, reveal previously unseen substructures, including rings and gaps, spirals, arcs, and cavities. These observations require modelling to interpret and understand. We use existing hydrodynamical and radiative transfer methods to model the nearest protoplanetary disc, and explore the hypothesis that planets embedded in the disc are the cause of the observed rings and gaps. We develop numerical methods to model a mixture of gas and dust using smoothed particle hydrodynamics, and perform rigorous tests of the method, demonstrating its accuracy and stability, including in the context of protoplanetary discs.
Stirling complexes
Creators: name: Kozlov, Dmitry N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study natural reconfiguration spaces associated to the problem of distributing a fixed number of resources to labeled nodes of a tree network, so that no node is left empty. These spaces turn out to be cubical complexes, which can be thought of as higher-dimensional geometric extensions of the combinatorial Stirling problem of partitioning a set of named objects into non-empty labeled parts. As our main result, we prove that these Stirling complexes are always homotopy equivalent to wedges of spheres of the same dimension. Furthermore, we provide several combinatorial formulae to count these spheres. Somewhat surprisingly, the homotopy type of the Stirling complexes turns out to depend only on the number of resources and the number of the labeled nodes, not on the actual structure of the tree network.
Confirming Resonance in Three Transiting Systems
Creators: name: Quinn, Tyler
name: MacDonald, Mariah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although resonant planets have orbital periods near commensurability, resonance is also dictated by other factors, such as the planets' eccentricities and masses, and therefore must be confirmed through a study of the system's dynamics. Here, we perform such a study for five multi-planet systems: Kepler-226, Kepler-254, Kepler-363, Kepler-1542, and K2-32. For each system, we run a suite of N-body simulations that span the full parameter-space that is consistent with the constrained orbital and planetary properties. We study the stability of each system and look for resonances based on the libration of the critical resonant angles. We find strong evidence for a two-body resonance in each system; we confirm a 3:2 resonance between Kepler-226c and Kepler-226d, confirm a 3:2 resonance between Kepler-254c and Kepler-254d, and confirm a three-body 1:2:3 resonant chain between the three planets of Kepler-363. We explore the dynamical history of two of these systems and find that these resonances most likely formed without migration. Migration leads to the libration of the three-body resonant angle, but these angles circulate in both Kepler-254 and Kepler-363. Applying our methods to additional near-resonant systems could help us identify which systems are truly resonant or non-resonant and which systems require additional follow-up analysis.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in AJ
Electric dipole response of neutron-rich Calcium isotopes in relativistic quasiparticle time blocking approximation
Creators: name: Egorova, Irina A.
name: Litvinova, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New results for electric dipole strength in the chain of even-even Calcium isotopes with the mass numbers A = 40 - 54 are presented. Starting from the covariant Lagrangian of Quantum Hadrodynamics, spectra of collective vibrations (phonons) and phonon-nucleon coupling vertices for $J \leq 6$ and normal parity were computed in a self-consistent relativistic quasiparticle random phase approximation (RQRPA). These vibrations coupled to Bogoliubov two-quasiparticle configurations (2q$\otimes$phonon) form the model space for the calculations of the dipole response function in the relativistic quasiparticle time blocking approximation (RQTBA). The results for giant dipole resonance in the latter approach are compared to those obtained in RQRPA and to available data. Evolution of the dipole strength with neutron number is investigated for both high-frequency giant dipole resonance (GDR) and low-lying strength. Development of a pygmy resonant structure on the low-energy shoulder of GDR is traced and analyzed in terms of transition densities. A dependence of the pygmy dipole strength on the isospin asymmetry parameter is extracted.
description: Article: 9 pages, 5 figures
Distributed Adaptive Control of Mobile Sensor Networks: Coverage and Estimation Algorithms
Creators: name: RIHAB ABDUL RAZAK
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91302 Automation and Control Engineering
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 90602 Control Systems, Robotics and Automation

description: This thesis deals with distributed adaptive control of mobile sensor networks. Mobile sensor network refers to a network of autonomous agents with sensors which can measure some phenomenon of interest. The particular problems investigated in this thesis are area coverage control problems and scalar field estimation using mobile sensor networks. The control and estimation algorithms we develop are distributed in the sense that each mobile agent or sensor requires only local information (information from the given agent and its neighbouring agents) for computing its control or update laws. The algorithms are adaptive in the sense that the density function is assumed to be unknown, and the algorithms are required to adapt for the unknown density function in order to achieve its objectives. We verify the algorithms developed using simulations or hardware experiments.
Immersive Serious Games for Learning Physics Concepts: The Case of Density
Creators: name: Zhurakovskaia, Iuliia
name: Vézien, Jeanne
name: de Hosson, Cécile
name: Bourdot, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Training students in basic concepts of physics, such as the ones related to mass, volume, or density, is much more complicated than just stating the underlying definitions and laws. One of the reasons for this is that most students have deeply rooted delusions and misconceptions about the behavior of objects, sometimes close to magical thinking. Many innovative and promising technologies, in particular Virtual Reality (VR), can be used to enhance student learning. We compared the effectiveness of a serious immersive game in teaching the concept of density in various conditions: a 2D version in an embedded web browser and a 3D immersive game in VR. We also developed a specific questionnaire to assess students' knowledge improvement. Primary results have shown an increase in learning efficiency using VR. Also, most students were able to see the shortcomings of their initial theories and revise them, which means that they improved their understanding of this topic.
$S$-Functions, Spectral Functions of Hyperbolic Geometry, and Vertex Operators with Applications to Structure for Weyl and Orthogonal Group Invariants
Creators: name: Bytsenko, A. A.
name: Chaichian, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we analyze the quantum homological invariants (the Poincaré polynomials of the $\mathfrak{sl}_N$ link homology). In the case when the dimensions of homologies of appropriate topological spaces are precisely known, the procedure of the calculation of the Kovanov-Rozansky type homology, based on the Euler-Poincaré formula can be appreciably simplified. We express the formal character of the irreducible tensor representation of the classical groups in terms of the symmetric and spectral functions of hyperbolic geometry. On the basis of Labastida-Mariño-Ooguri-Vafa conjecture, we derive a representation of the Chern-Simons partition function in the form of an infinite product in terms of the Ruelle spectral functions (the cases of a knot, unknot, and links have been considered). We also derive an infinite-product formula for the orthogonal Chern-Simons partition functions and analyze the singularities and the symmetry properties of the infinite-product structures.
description: 33 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1006.4266, arXiv:1012.2636, arXiv:1310.2981, arXiv:1207.5569, arXiv:0910.0083 by other authors
CHARGE TRANSPORT LAYER AND INTERFACE ENGINEERING IN PEROVSKITE SOLAR CELLS
Creators: name: JINGSONG SUN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90605 Photodetectors, Optical Sensors and Solar Cells
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 91205 Functional Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: Organo-lead halide perovskite solar cells have sparked considerable attention as one of the most promising next-generation solar cells due to their promising performance. However, it is well known that perovskites solar cells exhibit electrical hysteresis, chemical instability and are difficult to scale. Thus, further advances are still required to realise their commercialisation. In this thesis, the role of composition, microstructure and interface engineering of suitable hole and electron transporting layers for perovskite solar cells are explored. These works help to provide a deeper understanding of the operation of perovskite solar cells to enable high efficiency and stability devices.
Spatial and Local Studies of Magnesium Corrosion using Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM)
Creators: name: SITI HAWA MOHAMED SALLEH
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30604 Electrochemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The application of Mg/Mg alloys is restricted by the vulnerability to corrosion. A fundamental understanding of the correlation between microstructure and local electrochemical processes is required to decipher the corrosion mechanisms in Mg/ Mg alloys. In this thesis, scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM) has been employed to locally map the cathodic/anodic sites distributed across corroding Mg/Mg alloy surfaces. A homemade, ion selective micro-electrode (ISME) was fabricated to determine local Mg2+ ion concentrations arising from Mg corrosion. The inferences from the SECM measurements on Mg corrosion were also compared with those from other traditional electrochemical techniques and related to the substrate microstructures.
On the Tremaine-Weinberg method: how much can we trust gas tracers to measure pattern speeds?
Creators: name: Borodina, Olga
name: Williams, Thomas G.
name: Sormani, Mattia C.
name: Meidt, Sharon
name: Schinnerer, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pattern speeds are a fundamental parameter of the dynamical features (e.g. bars, spiral arms) of a galaxy, setting resonance locations. Pattern speeds are not directly observable, so the Tremaine-Weinberg (TW) method has become the most common method used to measure them in galaxies. However, it has not been tested properly whether this method can straightforwardly be applied to gas tracers, despite this being widely done in the literature. When applied to observations, the TW method may return invalid results, which are difficult to diagnose due to a lack of ground truth for comparison. Although some works applying the TW method to simulated galaxies exist, only stellar populations have been tested. Therefore, here we explore the applicability of the TW method for gas gracers, by applying it to hydrodynamical simulations of galaxies, where we know the true value of the bar pattern speed. We perform some simple tests to see if the TW method has a physically reasonable output. We add different kinds of uncertainties (e.g. in position angle or flux) to the data to mock observational errors based on the magnitude of uncertainty present in the observations. Second, we test the method on 3D simulations with chemical networks. We show that in general, applying TW to observations of gas will not recover the true pattern speed. These results have implications for many "pattern speeds" reported in the literature, and based on these tests we also give some best practices for measuring pattern speeds using gas tracers going forwards.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Synthesis and Surface Chemistry of Phase-Stable Caesium Lead Halide Perovskite Colloidal Nanocrystals
Creators: name: CHUJIE WANG
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91205 Functional Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: 100706 Nanofabrication, Growth and Self Assembly
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials

description: All inorganic CsPbX3 (X=Cl-, Br-, I-) perovskite nanocrystals possess near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield , narrow PL peak full width half maximum, and fully tuneable emission across the entire visible spectrum. As a result of these superb properties, these materials have emerged as promising candidates for a variety of optoelectronic applications. Yet, the understandings towards the synthesis of this material class is still limited. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to further investigate the synthesis of CsPbX3 NCs with an overarching goal to developing phase stable CsPbX3 PNCs that can be assembled and used within practical applications.
Teaching with a companion: the case of gravity
Creators: name: Zhurakovskaia, Iuliia
name: Vezien, Jeanne
name: Bourdot, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Virtual Reality (VR) has repeatedly proven its effectiveness in student learning. However, despite its benefits, the student equipped with a personal headset remains isolated from the real world while immersed in a virtual space and the classic student-teacher model of learning is difficult to transpose in such a situation. This study aims to bring the teacher back into the learning process when students use a VR headset. We describe the benefits of using a companion for educational purposes, taking as a test case the concept of gravity. We present an experimental setup designed to compare three different teaching contexts: with a physically present real teacher, using a live video of the teacher, and with a VR avatar of the teacher. We designed and evaluated three scenarios to teach the concept of gravity: an introduction to the concept of free fall, a parabolic trajectory workshop and a final exercise combining both approaches. Due to sanitary conditions, only pre-tests are reported. The results showed that the effectiveness of using the VR simulations for learning and the self-confidence level of the students increased as well. The interviews show that the students ranked the teaching modes in this order: VR companion mode, video communication and real teacher.
Bike-share System Development and the Inter-Relationship between Bike-share System and Mass Transit based on Data-driven Methodology
Creators: name: TIANQI GU
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90507 Transport Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120506 Transport Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: The main aim of this research is to improve the research scope of the bike-share system, by conducting a series of empirical studies towards the two-wheel transport, especially BS (DBS) development and building up a robust framework to optimize the existing BS and mass transit inter-relationship research methodology. This thesis investigate how two-wheel transport mode, especially BS and DBS develop in China, and how BS (DBS) and mass transit systems interacts. It is meaningful for cities with growing BS (DBS) and public transport systems (trams and metros) which are common in Australia.
Sequential Deposition of Perovskite Films and Their Application to Solar Cells
Creators: name: BIN LI
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90605 Photodetectors, Optical Sensors and Solar Cells
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 91205 Functional Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: This thesis focuses on the fabrication of high-efficient perovskite solar cells with excellent reproducibility via the sequential deposition method.
Synthesis of Colloidal CsPbBr3 and their Thin Film Deposition
Creators: name: CHUN KIU  NG
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Caesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) perovskite nanocrystals are an attractive material for functional optoelectronic devices such as LEDs, photodetectors or solar cells. This thesis explores scalable batch and continuous synthetic methods for synthesising these materials and can dramatically increase their product yields with proper reaction engineering. These nanocrystals are then deposited into thin films, and chemically or thermally treated, before being incorporated into solar cells to determine which provide favourable properties.
Thinning and conditioning of the Circular Unitary Ensemble
Creators: name: Charlier, Christophe
name: Claeys, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B20, 42C05, 35Q15

description: We apply the operation of random independent thinning on the eigenvalues of $n\times n$ Haar distributed unitary random matrices. We study gap probabilities for the thinned eigenvalues, and we study the statistics of the eigenvalues of random unitary matrices which are conditioned such that there are no thinned eigenvalues on a given arc of the unit circle. Various probabilistic quantities can be expressed in terms of Toeplitz determinants and orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle, and we use these expressions to obtain asymptotics as $n\to\infty$.
description: 47 pages, 6 figures
The incidence of AGN in galaxies with different stellar population ages
Creators: name: Ni, Q.
name: Aird, J.
name: Merloni, A.
name: Birchall, K. L.
name: Buchner, J.
name: Salvato, M.
name: Yang, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been argued that recycled gas from stellar mass loss in galaxies might serve as an important fuelling source for black holes (BHs) in their centers. Utilizing spectroscopic samples of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) at $z = 0-0.35$ and the Large Early Galaxy Astrophysics Census (LEGA-C) survey at $z = 0.6-1$ that have X-ray coverage from XMM-Newton or Chandra, we test this stellar mass loss fuelling scenario by investigating how AGN activity and BH growth vary with the break strength at 4000 $Å$, $\rm D_{n}4000$ (which is closely related to the age of stellar populations), as younger galaxies are considered to have higher stellar mass loss rates. We found that when controlling for host-galaxy properties, the fraction of log $L_{\rm X}$/$M_\star$ > 32 (which roughly corresponds to Eddington ratios $\gtrsim 1$%) AGN and sample-averaged black hole accretion rate ($\rm \overline{BHAR}$) decrease with $\rm D_{n}4000$ among $\rm D_{n}4000$ $\lesssim$ 1.9 galaxies, suggesting a higher level of AGN activity among younger galaxies, which supports the stellar mass loss fuelling scenario. For the oldest and most massive galaxies at $z = 0-0.35$, this decreasing trend is not present anymore. We found that, among these most massive galaxies at low redshift, the fraction of low specific-accretion-rate (31 $<$ log $L_{\rm X}$/$M_\star$ $<$ 32) AGNs increases with $\rm D_{n}4000$, which may be associated with additional fuelling from hot halo gas and/or enhanced accretion capability.
description: 24 pages, 28 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Flora Tasmaniae: Tasmanian naturalists and imperial botany, 1829-1860
Creators: name: Cave, EC
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2025

description: This thesis examines the practices of botanical collectors in nineteenthcentury Van Diemen's Land, their involvement in the Flora Tasmaniae and their contribution to broader scientific debates. When Joseph Hooker wrote his introductory essay on the Australian flora for Flora Tasmaniae in 1859, it was the first published case study supporting Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection. Much of Hooker's evidence for his essay was based on plant material collected by self-trained resident naturalists of Van Diemen's Land, including Robert Lawrence, Ronald Gunn and William Archer. In recent years Darwin, Hooker and their contemporaries have been thoroughly examined, but as yet there has been little concentration upon the colonial collectors who contributed to their research. Instead of a centre-periphery study, this thesis provides a periphery-centre focus, exploring the role of the colonial naturalists, their contribution to the development of scientific knowledge, and the realities of operating as naturalists in the Antipodes. This thesis argues that resident colonial collectors in Van Diemen's Land made a significant contribution to botanical science during a time of taxonomic and classificatory flux. By using correspondence, journals, plant specimens and collecting notes this thesis examines one facet of a larger imperial movement. Analysis of these sources demonstrates the nuances of the colonial scientific experience, how knowledge was gained, how contacts and friendships were made and sustained, and what sort of work self-trained enthusiasts undertook. Numerous men and women contributed to a broad discussion on the native flora and fauna, including landed gentlemen, medical men, public servants and convicted criminals. As the Flora grew from their efforts, colonists questioned the source of power in the scientific world. This thesis discusses these changing tensions, and how those with a deeper local understanding balanced their colonial knowledge with the views of those in the metropole.
Angle of arrival receiver design for a visible light positioning system
Creators: name: STEFANIE NICOLE CINCOTTA
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 20504 Photonics, Optoelectronics and Optical Communications
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The introduction of LED lighting offers a new way of meeting the demand for an accurate, reliable and economical indoor positioning system (IPS); this emerging technology is called visible light positioning (VLP). In VLP, LED luminaires, in addition to providing indoor illumination, transmit signals and act as beacons in an IPS. At the VLP receiver, the signals are detected, decoded and used in positioning algorithms. The research presented in this thesis is focused on angle of arrival techniques for VLP including the design, analysis and verification of a novel angular diversity receiver.