cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Heuristic machinery for thermodynamic studies of SU(N) fermions with neural networks
Creators: name: Zhao, Entong
name: Lee, Jeongwon
name: He, Chengdong
name: Ren, Zejian
name: Hajiyev, Elnur
name: Liu, Junwei
name: Jo, Gyu-Boong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The power of machine learning (ML) provides the possibility of analyzing experimental measurements with an unprecedented sensitivity. However, it still remains challenging to probe the subtle effects directly related to physical observables and to understand physics behind from ordinary experimental data using ML. Here, we introduce a heuristic machinery by using machine learning analysis. We use our machinery to guide the thermodynamic studies in the density profile of ultracold fermions interacting within SU($N$) spin symmetry prepared in a quantum simulator. Although such spin symmetry should manifest itself in a many-body wavefuction, it is elusive how the momentum distribution of fermions, the most ordinary measurement, reveals the effect of spin symmetry. Using a fully trained convolutional neural network (NN) with a remarkably high accuracy of $\sim$94$\%$ for detection of the spin multiplicity, we investigate how the accuracy depends on various less-pronounced effects with filtered experimental images. Guided by our machinery, we directly measure a thermodynamic compressibility from density fluctuations within the single image. Our machine learning framework shows a potential to validate theoretical descriptions of SU($N$) Fermi liquids, and to identify less-pronounced effects even for highly complex quantum matter with minimal prior understanding.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Particle Content of the Nonlinear Sigma Model with Theta-Term: a Lattice Model Investigation
Creators: name: Venuti, L. Campos
name: Boschi, C. Degli Esposti
name: Ercolessi, E.
name: Ortolani, F.
name: Morandi, G.
name: Pasini, S.
name: Roncaglia, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using new as well as known results on dimerized quantum spin chains with frustration, we are able to infer some properties on the low-energy spectrum of the O(3) Nonlinear Sigma Model with a topological theta-term. In particular, for sufficiently strong coupling, we find a range of values of theta where a singlet bound state is stable under the triplet continuum. On the basis of these results, we propose a new renormalization group flow diagram for the Nonlinear Sigma Model with theta-term.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures .eps, iopart format, submitted to JSTAT
Mott-insulator phase of coupled 1D atomic gases in a 2D optical lattice
Creators: name: Gangardt, D. M.
name: Pedri, P.
name: Santos, L.
name: Shlyapnikov, G. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the 2D Mott insulator (MI) state of a 2D array of coupled finite size 1D Bose gases. It is shown that the momentum distribution in the lattice plane is very sensitive to the interaction regime in the 1D tubes. In particular, we find that the disappearance of the interference pattern in time of flight experiments will not be a signature of the MI phase, but a clear consequence of the strongly interacting Tonks-Girardeau regime along the tubes.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Local Simulation Algorithms for Coulomb Gases with Dynamical Dielectric Effects
Creators: name: Duncan, A.
name: Sedgewick, R. D.
name: Coalson, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the application of the local lattice technique of Maggs and Rossetto to problems that involve the motion of objects with different dielectric constants than the background. In these systems the simulation method produces a spurious interaction force which causes the particles to move in an unphysical manner. We show that this term can be removed using a variant of a method known from high-energy physics simulations, the multiboson method, and demonstrate the effectiveness of this corrective method on a system of neutral particles. We then apply our method to a one-component plasma to show the effect of the spurious interaction term on a charged system.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Many-body nuclear Hamiltonian: Ab exitu approach
Creators: name: Shirokov, A. M.
name: Vary, J. P.
name: Mazur, A. I.
name: Weber, T. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fully-microscopic No-core Shell Model (NCSM) calculations of all stable $s$ and $p$ shell nuclei are used to determine realistic $NN$ interaction JISP16 describing not only the two-nucleon data but the binding energies and spectra of nuclei with $A\leq 16$ as well. The JISP16 interaction, providing rapid convergence of the NCSM calculations, is obtained in an {\em ab exitu} approach by phase-equivalent transformations of the JISP6 $NN$ interaction.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. The version accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B; new results are added
A deRham model for Chen-Ruan cohomology ring of abelian orbifolds
Creators: name: Chen, Bohui
name: Hu, Shengda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a deRham model for Chen-Ruan cohomology ring of abelian orbifolds. We introduce the notion of \emph{twist factors} so that formally the stringy cohomology ring can be defined without going through pseudo-holomorphic orbifold curves. Thus our model can be viewed as the classical description of Chen-Ruan cohomology for abelian orbifolds. The model simplifies computation of Chen-Ruan cohomology ring. Using our model, we give a version of wall crossing formula.
description: 14 pages, corrected typos, added more references and shifted to presentation using groupoid
Cosmological Cosmic Rays and the observed Li6 plateau in metal poor halo stars
Creators: name: Rollinde, Emmanuel
name: Vangioni-Flam, Elisabeth
name: Olive, Keith A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Very recent observations of the Li6 isotope in halo stars reveal a Li6 plateau about 1000 times above the predicted BBN abundance. We calculate the evolution of Li6 versus redshift generated from an initial burst of cosmological cosmic rays (CCRs) up to the formation of the Galaxy. We show that the pregalactic production of the Li6 isotope can account for the Li6 plateau observed in metal poor halo stars without additional over-production of Li7. The derived relation between the amplitude of the CCR energy spectra and the redshift of the initial CCR production puts constraints on the physics and history of the objects, such as pop III stars, responsible for these early cosmic rays. Consequently, we consider the evolution of Li6 in the Galaxy. Since Li6 is also produced in Galactic cosmic ray nucleosynthesis, we argue that halo stars with metallicities between [Fe/H] = -2 and -1, must be somewhat depleted in Li6.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, version accepted for publication in ApJ
Indexing spatiotemporal trajectories with Chebyshev polynomials
Creators: name: Cai, Yuhan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this thesis, we investigate the subject of indexing large collections of spatiotemporal trajectories for similarity matching. Our proposed technique is to first mitigate the dimensionality curse problem by approximating each trajectory with a low order polynomial-like curve, and then incorporate a multidimensional index into the reduced space of polynomial coefficients. There are many possible ways to choose the polynomial, including Fourier transforms, splines, non-linear regressions, etc. Some of these possibilities have indeed been studied before. We hypothesize that one of the best approaches is the polynomial that minimizes the maximum deviation from the true value, which is called the minimax polynomial. Minimax approximation is particularly meaningful for indexing because in a branch-and-bound search (i.e., for finding nearest neighbours), the smaller the maximum deviation, the more pruning opportunities there exist. In general, among all the polynomials of the same degree, the optimal minimax polynomial is very hard to compute. However, it has been shown that the Chebyshev approximation is almost identical to the optimal minimax polynomial, and is easy to compute [32]. Thus, we shall explore how to use the Chebyshev polynomials as a basis for approximating and indexing d-dimensional (d≥1) trajectories. , The key analytic result of this thesis is the Lower Bounding Lemma. That is, we show that the Euclidean distance between two d-dimensional trajectories is lower bounded by the weighted Euclidean distance between the two vectors of Chebyshev coefficients. This lemma is not trivial to show, and it ensures that indexing with Chebyshev coefficients admits no false negatives. To complement the analytic result, we conduct comprehensive experimental evaluation with real' and generated 1-dimensional to 4-dimensional data sets. We compare the proposed scheme with the Adaptive Piecewise Constant Approximation (APCA) scheme. Our preliminary results indicate that in all situations we test, Chebyshev indexing dominates APCA in pruning power, I/O and CPU costs.
Modeling Greenhouse Gas Emissions on Diversified Farms: The Case of Dairy Sheep Farming in Greece
Creators: name: Sintori, Alexandra
name: Tsiboukas, Kostas
name: Sintori, Alexandra
name: Tsiboukas, Kostas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Dairy sheep farming
subject: linear programming
subject: GHG emissions
subject: abatement cost

description: Agricultural activity has been identified as a considerable source of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. Emissions from ruminant livestock farms are produced particularly due to CH4 emissions from enteric fermentation. Dairy sheep farming is the most important livestock production activity in Greece, characterized by a high degree of farm diversification. This paper addresses the issue of the evaluation of GHG emissions of Greek dairy sheep farms, through the use of a whole farm mathematical programming model that uses farm level data and optimizes total gross margin. Mathematical programming models are an appropriate tool, when addressing complex issues, such as GHG emissions. The analysis is undertaken on different farm types, instead of a representative farm, to account for the heterogeneity of the sheep farming activity. Thus, marginal abatement cost and appropriate mitigation strategies for diversified farms are determined. The results indicate that intensive farms cause few emissions per produced milk (2.7kg of CO2 eq). Also, the marginal abatement cost ranges among 51-64€/t for all types of sheep farms (at 20% abatement level). The model used in this analysis and the results it yields are useful to researchers and policy makers, who aim to design efficient mitigation measures.
Additional file 1 of A chromosome-level assembly of the cat flea genome uncovers rampant gene duplication and genome size plasticity
Creators: name: Driscoll, Timothy P.
name: Verhoeve, Victoria I.
name: Gillespie, Joseph J.
name: J. Spencer Johnston
name: Guillotte, Mark L.
name: Rennoll-Bankert, Kristen E.
name: M. Sayeedur Rahman
name: Hagen, Darren
name: Elsik, Christine G.
name: Macaluso, Kevin R.
name: Azad, Abdu F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Assessing assembly fragmentation, gene duplication and repeat elements within the C. felis assembly. (A) Evaluating assembly fragmentation via mapping of scaffolds shorter than 1 Mb (n = 3724) to scaffolds larger than 1 Mb (n = 9, “BIG9 scaffolds”). All but 2 short scaffolds mapped to a BIG9 scaffold at least once; confidence intervals are based on the probability of mapping to a single unique location. (B). Assessing the “genome completeness” of the C. felis full assembly and BIG9 scaffolds through comparison to eukaryote, arthropod and insect BUSCOs. (C) Tandem and proximal duplicate gene locations on BIG9 scaffold 1, (D) BIG9 scaffold 2, (E) BIG9 scaffold 3, (F) BIG9 scaffold 4, (G) BIG9 scaffold 5, (H) BIG9 scaffold 6, (I) BIG9 scaffold 7, (J) BIG9 scaffold 8, (K) BIG9 scaffold 9. (L) Duplications by proximity. Only true duplications (n = 2) are shown. Red bars (*) depict “dispersed” clusters that span multiple scaffolds. (M) Dispersed duplicate gene locations across BIG9 scaffolds. (N) Distribution across BIG9 scaffolds of C. felis proteins annotated as “DNA integration” (GO:0015074, see Additional file 2: Table S1. for specific accession numbers) and their relation to gene duplications. (O) Compilation of retroelements, DNA transposons and other repeat elements predicted across the BIG9 scaffolds. Overall totals are highlighted yellow. (P) tRNA gene abundances and (Q) codon usage/amino acid for select Holometabola.
Halyomorpha halys
Creators: name: Heyden, Torsten van der
name: Petrovan, Silviu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pentatomidae
Halyomorpha
Halyomorpha halys

description: Halyomorpha halys (Stṏl, 1855)
(Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) has not been reported for the Canary Islands, yet. This invasive Asian species has to be added to the list of Heteroptera which are present on the archipelago, as the species was found on the island of Tenerife: On 17-12-2021, the second author found and photographed an adult specimen of H. halys (Fig. 1) in an urban environment in Costa Adeje at the southwestern coast of Tenerife (see here). Within the next few days more adult specimens were seen (Fig. 2). In total, at least six specimens were found, of which four were collected and handed over to the local plant health agency. Furthermore, on 07-03-2023 an adult specimen of H. halys was photographed by another observer in the vicinity of the first cluster of records in Costa Adeje, suggesting an established population. These records represent a dramatic species expansion and raise important questions about the species demography and potential economic and biodiversity impacts on Tenerife. The population could also act as a source for invasion of other Canary Islands.
description: Published as part of Heyden, Torsten van der & Petrovan, Silviu, 2023, New records of Heteroptera from the Canary Islands (Spain), II, pp. 109-111 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 26 on page 110, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12812254
Exceptional Spin Liquids from Couplings to the Environment
Creators: name: Yang, Kang
name: Morampudi, Siddhardh C.
name: Bergholtz, Emil J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish the appearance of a qualitatively new type of spin liquid with emergent exceptional points when coupling to the environment. We consider an open system of the Kitaev honeycomb model generically coupled to an external environment. In extended parameter regimes, the Dirac points of the emergent Majorana fermions from the original model are split into exceptional points with Fermi arcs connecting them. In glaring contrast to the original gapless phase of the honeycomb model which requires time-reversal symmetry, this new phase is stable against all perturbations. The system also displays a large sensitivity to boundary conditions resulting from the non-Hermitian skin effect with telltale experimental consequences. Our results point to the emergence of new classes of spin liquids in open systems which might be generically realized due to unavoidable couplings with the environment.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Original title: Exceptional Spin Liquids
The Possible $J^{PC}I^G=2^{++}2^+$ State X(1600)
Creators: name: Wei, W.
name: Zhang, L.
name: Zhu, Shi-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interesting state X(1600) with $J^{PC}I^G=2^{++}2^+$ can't be a conventional $q \bar q$ meson in the quark model. Using a mixed interpolating current with different color configurations, we investigate the possible existence of X(1600) in the framework of QCD finite energy sum rules. Our results indicate that both the "hidden color" and coupled channel effects may be quite important in the multiquark system. We propose several reactions to look for this state.
description: axodraw.sty included
WHO IS MOST RESPONSIBLE FOR ENSURING THE MEAT WE EAT IS SAFE?
Creators: name: Erdem, Seda
name: Rigby, Dan
name: Wossink, Ada
name: Erdem, Seda
name: Rigby, Dan
name: Wossink, Ada
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: We report results of an analysis of the attribution of relative responsibility across the stages of the food chain for ensuring food safety. Specifically, we identify perceptions of the share of the overall responsibility that each stage in the food chain has to ensure that the meat people cook and eat at home does not cause them to become ill. Results are reported for two groups of stakeholders: consumers and farmers, and for two types of meat: chicken and beef. The stakeholders’ opinions regarding the relative degrees of responsibility of the sequential food chain stages (feed supplier, farmer, livestock transportation, abattoir,… consumer) are elicited via surveys using the Maximum Difference technique (best-worst scaling). The data are analyzed using mixed logit models estimated via Bayesian techniques. We find that consumers and farmers both tend to allocate a relatively low share of responsibility to their own food safety role. So, consumes tend to think farmers are more responsible for ensuring meat safety than farmers do. Similarly, farmers tend to think consumers have a greater degree of responsibility than consumers themselves believe. Thus, there is a consistent pattern of downplaying the extent of one’s own responsibility. Further, consumers tend to allocate the highest shares of responsibility to the middle stages of the meat food chain. This contrasts with farmers who tend to allocate the highest shares of responsibility to the latter stages of the chain towards consumers, believing that the earlier stages of the chain (until the livestock arrive at the abattoir) have a relatively low share of responsibility. In the conclusion, we elaborate on the implications of our findings for further research into food safety economics.
A Random Matrix Analysis of Random Fourier Features: Beyond the Gaussian Kernel, a Precise Phase Transition, and the Corresponding Double Descent
Creators: name: Liao, Zhenyu
name: Couillet, Romain
name: Mahoney, Michael W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article characterizes the exact asymptotics of random Fourier feature (RFF) regression, in the realistic setting where the number of data samples $n$, their dimension $p$, and the dimension of feature space $N$ are all large and comparable. In this regime, the random RFF Gram matrix no longer converges to the well-known limiting Gaussian kernel matrix (as it does when $N \to \infty$ alone), but it still has a tractable behavior that is captured by our analysis. This analysis also provides accurate estimates of training and test regression errors for large $n,p,N$. Based on these estimates, a precise characterization of two qualitatively different phases of learning, including the phase transition between them, is provided; and the corresponding double descent test error curve is derived from this phase transition behavior. These results do not depend on strong assumptions on the data distribution, and they perfectly match empirical results on real-world data sets.
description: NeurIPS 2020
Research, development and capacity building for the sustainability of dam development with special reference to the Bui Dam Project
Creators: name: Raschid-Sally, Liqa
name: Twum-Korangteng, Richard
name: Akoto-Danso, Edmund Kyei
name: Raschid-Sally, Liqa
name: Twum-Korangteng, Richard
name: Akoto-Danso, Edmund Kyei
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Dams
subject: Reservoirs
subject: Development projects
subject: Water power
subject: Electrical energy
subject: Electricity supplies
subject: Environmental effects
subject: Social impact
subject: Institutions
subject: Ghana
subject: Bui Dam Project

description: Issue paper prepared for the Ghana Dams Forum February 2008
Exact equilibrium distributions in statistical quantum field theory with rotation and acceleration: scalar field
Creators: name: Becattini, F.
name: Buzzegoli, M.
name: Palermo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a general exact form of the phase space distribution function and the thermal expectation values of local operators for the free quantum scalar field at equilibrium with rotation and acceleration in flat space-time without solving field equations in curvilinear coordinates. After factorizing the density operator with group theoretical methods, we obtain the exact form of the phase space distribution function as a formal series in thermal vorticity through an iterative method and we calculate thermal expectation values by means of analytic continuation techniques. We separately discuss the cases of pure rotation and pure acceleration and derive analytic results for the stress-energy tensor of the massless field. The expressions found agree with the exact analytic solutions obtained by solving the field equation in suitable curvilinear coordinates for the two cases at stake and already - or implicitly - known in literature. In order to extract finite values for the pure acceleration case we introduce the concept of analytic distillation of a complex function. For the massless field, the obtained expressions of the currents are polynomials in the acceleration/temperature ratios which vanish at $2π$, in full accordance with the Unruh effect.
description: 38 pages, 1 figure. Final proofread version published in JHEP
Infinite Number of Stationary Soliton Solutions to Five-dimensional Vacuum Einstein Equation
Creators: name: Azuma, Takahiro
name: Koikawa, Takao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain an infinite number of soliton solutions to the the five-dimensional stationary Einstein equation with axial symmetry by using the inverse scattering method. We start with the five-dimensional Minkowski space as a seed metric to obtain these solutions. The solutions are characterized by two soliton numbers and a constant appearing in the normalization factor related to a coordinate condition. We show that the (2,0)-soliton solution is identical to the Myers-Perry solution with one angular momentum by imposing a condition between parameters. We also show that the (2,2)-soliton solution is different from the black ring solution discovered by Emparan and Reall, although one component of the metric of two metrics can be identical.
description: 13 pages
The Tensor Rank Problem over the Quaternions
Creators: name: Liang, YG
name: Da Silva, Sergio
name: Zhang, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14N07, 15A69, 11R52

description: We provide a nontrivial bound on the rank of any tensor $T$ over the quaternions $\mathbb{H}$ in the $n_1\times n_2\times n_3$ cases where $2\leq n_i\leq 3$. We describe a decomposition of $T$ into $3$ simple tensors in the $2\times 2\times 2$ case. We also show that the upper bound is the best possible for some of the cases, and we provide various partial results involving tensor decompositions over $\mathbb{C}$ and $\mathbb{H}$.
description: 24 pages, no figures
Dynamic feature tracing : finding features in unfamiliar code
Creators: name: Eisenberg, Andrew David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This dissertation shows that existing functional tests of software features can be used by a developer unfamiliar with the software system to identify source code relevant to those features as well as understand why the source code is relevant. There have been prior techniques to locate features in source code which can be roughly broken down into techniques that use static analysis and those that use dynamic analysis. Features, being behaviors of a system, are dynamic in nature. Therefore, this dissertation focuses on dynamic techniques, rather than the use static techniques. The dynamic techniques all require significant knowledge about the system before the technique can be useful. Furthermore, they all suffer in one or both of these respects: they make binary judgments about which source code artifacts relate to a feature without determining to what extent they relate (meaning that the feature must be precisely characterized, or else the technique will return inaccurate results), or they do not provide an idea of why a piece of code is relevant to a feature. Our technique of creating Dynamic Feature Traces improves upon previous work 1) by taking advantage of an existing test suite thereby reducing the amount of system knowledge necessary to use the technique, 2) by ranking the source code artifacts by how strongly they are related to the feature, and 3) by retaining some part of the execution trace of the test suite so that developers can understand why a piece of code is part of a feature. We show that our technique provides benefit over other techniques by applying it to existing software systems and comparing its results to an existing technique.
Spectrally-Selective Vanadium Dioxide Based Tunable Metafilm Emitter for Dynamic Radiative Cooling
Creators: name: Taylor, Sydney
name: McBurney, Ryan
name: Long, Linshuang
name: Sabbaghi, Payam
name: Chao, Jeremy
name: Wang, Liping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamic radiative cooling with variable emissive power is experimentally demonstrated in this study by a wavelength-selective tunable metafilm emitter, which consists of an opaque aluminum film, a sputtered silicon spacer, and a thermochromic vanadium dioxide (VO2) layer fabricated by a furnace oxidation method. The temperature-dependent spectral emittance, experimentally obtained from spectral reflectance measurements, clearly shows a pronounced emission peak around 10 um wavelength when the VO2 experiences an insulator-to-metal phase transition near 65C. The tunable metafilm emitter achieves a significant total emittance increase from 0.14 at room temperature to 0.6 at 100C. Theoretical modeling based on thin-film optics indicates that the emission enhancement at high temperatures is realized by Fabry-Perot cavity resonance with the metallic VO2 film. Moreover, a calorimetry-based thermal vacuum experiment was conducted and the enhanced thermal emission of the fabricated tunable metafilm sample was experimentally demonstrated at temperatures higher than the phase transition temperature, compared to black, aluminum and doped silicon samples, whose emittance changes little near room temperatures. The developed tunable metafilm emitter with variable spectrally-selective emittance in the mid-infrared holds great promise for both terrestrial and extraterrestrial dynamic radiative cooling applications.
The Large Analog Bandwidth Recorder And Digitizer with Ordered Readout (LABRADOR) ASIC
Creators: name: Varner, G. S.
name: Ruckman, L. L.
name: Nam, J. W.
name: Nichol, R. J.
name: Cao, J.
name: Gorham, P. W.
name: Wilcox, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three generations of full-custom analog integrated circuits designed for low-power, high-speed sampling of Radio-Frequency (RF) transients in excess of the Nyquist minimum have been developed. These 0.25$μm$ CMOS devices are denoted the Large Analog Bandwidth Recorder and Digitizer with Ordered Readout (LABRADOR) ASICs and finally consist of 9 channels of 260 deep sampling. Continuous sampling is provided with common stop capability. Input analog bandwidth is approximately 1GHz and sampling speeds are adjustable from 0.02 to 3.7GSa/s. Completely parallel internal conversion supports 12-bit digitization and readout of all 2340 cells in under 50$μs$.
description: 15 pages, 23 figures, 1 table; to be submitted to NIM A
Mechanical Quantum Sensing in the Search for Dark Matter
Creators: name: Carney, Daniel
name: Krnjaic, Gordan
name: Moore, David C.
name: Regal, Cindy A.
name: Afek, Gadi
name: Bhave, Sunil
name: Brubaker, Benjamin
name: Corbitt, Thomas
name: Cripe, Jonathan
name: Crisosto, Nicole
name: Geraci, Andrew
name: Ghosh, Sohitri
name: Harris, Jack G. E.
name: Hook, Anson
name: Kolb, Edward W.
name: Kunjummen, Jonathan
name: Lang, Rafael F.
name: Li, Tongcang
name: Lin, Tongyan
name: Liu, Zhen
name: Lykken, Joseph
name: Magrini, Lorenzo
name: Manley, Jack
name: Matsumoto, Nobuyuki
name: Monte, Alissa
name: Monteiro, Fernando
name: Purdy, Thomas
name: Riedel, C. Jess
name: Singh, Robinjeet
name: Singh, Swati
name: Sinha, Kanupriya
name: Taylor, Jacob M.
name: Qin, Juehang
name: Wilson, Dalziel J.
name: Zhao, Yue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerous astrophysical and cosmological observations are best explained by the existence of dark matter, a mass density which interacts only very weakly with visible, baryonic matter. Searching for the extremely weak signals produced by this dark matter strongly motivate the development of new, ultra-sensitive detector technologies. Paradigmatic advances in the control and readout of massive mechanical systems, in both the classical and quantum regimes, have enabled unprecedented levels of sensitivity. In this white paper, we outline recent ideas in the potential use of a range of solid-state mechanical sensing technologies to aid in the search for dark matter in a number of energy scales and with a variety of coupling mechanisms.
description: White paper/overview based on a workshop held at the Joint Quantum Institute, Maryland. 12 pages, 4 figures, table summarizing many experimental systems, 118 references
Gravitational Radiation from an Accreting Millisecond Pulsar with a Magnetically Confined Mountain
Creators: name: Melatos, A.
name: Payne, D. J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The amplitude of the gravitational radiation from an accreting neutron star undergoing polar magnetic burial is calculated. During accretion, the magnetic field of a neutron star is compressed into a narrow belt at the magnetic equator by material spreading equatorward from the polar cap. In turn, the compressed field confines the accreted material in a polar mountain which is misaligned with the rotation axis in general, producing gravitational waves. The equilibrium hydromagnetic structure of the polar mountain, and its associated mass quadrupole moment, are computed as functions of the accreted mass, M_a, by solving a Grad-Shafranov boundary value problem. The orientation- and polarization-averaged gravitational wave strain, h_c ~ 6e-24 for a 0.6 kHz source at 1 kpc with M_a > 10^-5 M_Sun, exceeds previous estimates that failed to treat equatorward spreading and flux freezing self-consistently. It is concluded that an accreting millisecond pulsar emits a persistent, sinusoidal gravitational wave signal at levels detectable, in principle, by long baseline interferometers after phase-coherent integration, provided that the polar mountain is hydromagnetically stable. Magnetic burial also reduces the magnetic dipole moment, mu, monotonically, implying a novel, observationally testable scaling h_c(mu). The implications for the rotational evolution of (accreting) X-ray and (isolated) radio millisecond pulsars are explored.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Additional file 9 of Identification and characterization of differentially expressed genes in Caenorhabditis elegans in response to pathogenic and nonpathogenic Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Creators: name: Radeke, Leah J.
name: Herman, Michael A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 9 Expression construct localization. Expression of several CPSR (T24B8.5, F19B2.5, K08D8.4) and VSR (sodh-1, acdh-1, dhs-3) genes using transcriptional or translational fluorescent protein fusions upon exposure to E. coli OP50 at 400x in young adult worms. T24B8.5, F19B2.5 and dhs-3 are only expressed in the intestine, so the anterior intestine is shown. K08D8.4, acdh-1 and sodh-1 are also expressed in the head, which is shown. Brackets indicate head and intestine region on each worm. Unclosed brackets signify that region extends out of frame. Scale bar indicates 20 μm, anterior is to the left, and ventral is up for all pictures. Note that expression in the AIY interneuron (arrow) in the T24B8.5 transgenic strain is due to a ttx-3:GFP marker and not T24B8.5 expression and the sodh-1 expression construct contains a nuclear localization signal.
PREISTRANSMISSION FÜR KONSUMMILCH UND BUTTER IN DEN VERSCHIEDENEN DISTRIBUTIONSKANÄLEN DES LEBENSMITELEINZELHANDELS
Creators: name: Holm, Thore
name: Steinhagen, Carsten
name: Loy, Jens-Peter
name: Holm, Thore
name: Steinhagen, Carsten
name: Loy, Jens-Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Preistransmission
subject: Asymmetrie
subject: Lebensmitteleinzelhandel
subject: Distributionskanal
subject: Milchmarkt
subject: Konsummilch
subject: Butter

description: In diesem Beitrag werden für Konsummilch und Butter die Preistransmissionsbeziehungen zwischen den Molkereien und dem Lebensmitteleinzelhandel im Zeitraum 1995 bis 2008 in Deutschland untersucht. Der Beitrag zu Literatur besteht in der differenzierten Betrachtung der verschiedenen Distributionskanäle des Lebensmitteleinzelhandels. Es wird untersucht, ob Unterschiede in der Preisanpassung zwischen Verbrauchermärkten, Supermärkten und Discountern vorliegen. Die Anwendung eines Fehlerkorrekturmodellansatzes führt zu dem Ergebnis, dass der Lebensmitteleinzelhandel bei Konsummilch eine für ihn positive Entwicklung der Marge deutlich stärker an den Verbraucher weitergibt als im umgekehrten Fall. Unterschiede sind insbesondere zwischen Discountern und Supermärkten zu beobachten. Bei Butter hingegen existieren keine Unterschiede in der Preisanpassung zwischen den Distributionskanälen. Allerdings sind bei Butter Asymmetrien sowohl im kurzfristigen, als auch im langfristigen Preisanpassungsprozess deutlich ausgeprägter.
description: C1_4
A general theory of coexistence and extinction for stochastic ecological communities
Creators: name: Hening, Alexandru
name: Nguyen, Dang H.
name: Chesson, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 92D25, 39A50, 37H15, 60H10, 60J05, 60J99, 60F99

description: We analyze a general theory for coexistence and extinction of ecological communities that are influenced by stochastic temporal environmental fluctuations. The results apply to discrete time (stochastic difference equations), continuous time (stochastic differential equations), compact and non-compact state spaces and degenerate or non-degenerate noise. In addition, we can also include in the dynamics auxiliary variables that model environmental fluctuations, population structure, eco-environmental feedbacks or other internal or external factors. We are able to significantly generalize the recent discrete time results by Benaim and Schreiber (Journal of Mathematical Biology '19) to non-compact state spaces, and we provide stronger persistence and extinction results. The continuous time results by Hening and Nguyen (Annals of Applied Probability '18) are strengthened to include degenerate noise and auxiliary variables. Using the general theory, we work out several examples. In discrete time, we classify the dynamics when there are one or two species, and look at the Ricker model, Log-normally distributed offspring models, lottery models, discrete Lotka-Volterra models as well as models of perennial and annual organisms. For the continuous time setting we explore models with a resource variable, stochastic replicator models, and three dimensional Lotka-Volterra models.
description: 65 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of HIV epidemic and cascade of care in 12 east African rural fishing communities: results from a population-based survey in Uganda
Creators: name: J. Burgos-Soto
name: J. Ben Farhat
name: I. Alley
name: P. Ojuka
name: E. Mulogo
name: T. Kise-Sete
name: M. Bouhenia
name: L. Salumu
name: R. Mathela
name: C. Langendorf
name: S. Cohuet
name: Huerga, H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Survey questionnaire: Household, men and women questionnaires.
Concerning the existence of a 'turbulent' magnetic field in the quiet Sun
Creators: name: Sainz, R. Manso
name: Degl'Innocenti, E. Landi
name: Bueno, J. Trujillo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the a5F-y5F* multiplet of Ti I and its interest for the study of 'turbulent' magnetic fields in the quiet solar photosphere. In particular, we argue that the sizable scattering polarization signal of the 4536 Åline (whose lower and upper levels have Landé factors equal to zero), relative to the rest of the lines in the multiplet, gives direct evidence for the existence of an ubiquitous, unresolved magnetic field. We cannot determine precisely the strength of the magnetic field, but its very existence is evidenced by the differential Hanle effect technique that this Ti I multiplet provides.
description: to be published in ApJL
LASSEN SICH ERTRAGSRISIKEN IN DER LANDWIRTSCHAFT GLOBAL DIVERSIFIZIEREN?
Creators: name: Liu, Xiaoliang
name: Xu, Wei
name: Odening, Martin
name: Liu, Xiaoliang
name: Xu, Wei
name: Odening, Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Ertragsrisiken
subject: Copulas
subject: Diversifikation

description: In dieser Arbeit wird die Stochastizität landwirtschaftlicher Ernteerträge in wichtigen Erzeugerregionen der Welt am Beispiel von Winterweizen untersucht. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit wird der stochastischen Abhängigkeit der Erträge in den verschiedenen Regionen gewidmet. Damit verbindet sich die Frage, ob und in welchem Maße Ertragsschwankungen durch globalen Handel ausgeglichen werden können. Während statistische Zusammenhangsanalysen üblicherweise auf linearen Korrelationen basieren, werden in diesem Beitrag Copulas verwendet. Im Vergleich zu linearen Korrelationen ist die Anwendung von Copulas an weniger restriktive Voraussetzungen gebunden. Insbesondere das gemeinsame Auftreten extremer zufälliger Ereignisse lässt sich mit Copulas genauer modellieren. Unsere Berechnungen zeigen, dass eine Angebotskonstellation, wie sie in 2007 aufgetreten ist, kein Jahrhundertereignis darstellt, sondern sich c.p. etwa alle 15 Jahre wiederholen kann.
description: C2_1
ERTRAGS- UND PREISINSTABILITÄT AUF AGRARMÄRKTEN IN DEUTSCHLAND UND DER EU
Creators: name: Artavia, Marco
name: Deppermann, Andre
name: Filler, Gunther
name: Grethe, Harald
name: Haeger, Astrid
name: Kirschke, Dieter
name: Odening, Martin
name: Artavia, Marco
name: Deppermann, Andre
name: Filler, Gunther
name: Grethe, Harald
name: Haeger, Astrid
name: Kirschke, Dieter
name: Odening, Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Agrarpolitik
subject: Preisvolatilität
subject: Ertragsschwankungen
subject: Unsichereit
subject: Gemeinsame Agrarpolitik

description: Die Preisvolatilität hat in Deutschland im Zeitraum 1993-2008 für wichtige Agrarprodukte (Weizen, Gerste und Milch) vor allem aufgrund der Deregulierung der EU-Märkte zugenommen. Für andere Produkte hat sich die Preisvolatilität in diesem Zeitraum wenig geändert, was vor allem daran liegt, dass das Ausmaß der Marktregulierung über diesen Zeitraum stabil war. Im Rahmen von Simulationen mit dem Agrarsektormodell ESIM wurde gezeigt, dass es aufgrund der starken Weltmarktintegration bei Weizen, Gerste und Raps keinen erlösstabilisierenden Zusammenhang zwischen den Ertrags- und den Preisschwankungen in Deutschland gibt, da das auch in Deutschland maßgebliche Weltmarktpreisniveau nicht wesentlich durch das Ertragsniveau in Deutschland determiniert wird. Ein potenzieller Anstieg der globalen Ertragsvariabilität, der sich langfristig in Folge des globalen Klimawandels einstellen könnte, würde zu einem Anstieg der Preisvolatilität führen. Forderungen nach einer staatlichen Subventionierung von Ernteversicherungen aufgrund des hohen systemischen Risikos und daraus resultierenden Marktversagens haben in den letzten Jahren zugenommen. Bisher fehlt allerdings der empirische Nachweis dafür, dass das systemische Risiko in seiner Höhe nicht durch marktwirtschaftliche Instrumente und ohne Subventionierung beherrschbar ist.
description: C2_2
Baryon Inhomogeneity Generation in the Quark-Gluon Plasma Phase
Creators: name: Layek, Biswanath
name: Mishra, Ananta P.
name: Srivastava, Ajit M.
name: Tiwari, Vivek K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility of generation of baryon inhomogeneities in a quark-gluon plasma phase due to moving Z(3) interfaces. By modeling the dependence of effective mass of the quarks on the Polyakov loop order parameter, we study the reflection of quarks from collapsing Z(3) interfaces and estimate resulting baryon inhomogeneities in the context of the early universe. We argue that in the context of certain low energy scale inflationary models, it is possible that large Z(3) walls arise at the end of the reheating stage. Collapse of such walls could lead to baryon inhomogeneities which may be separated by large distances near the QCD scale. Importantly, the generation of these inhomogeneities is insensitive to the order, or even the existence, of the quark-hadron phase transition. We also briefly discuss the possibility of formation of quark nuggets in this model, as well as baryon inhomogeneity generation in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, revtex4, more detailed discussion added about formation and evolution of Z(3)domain walls in the universe
INVESTIGATING RAPESEED PRICE VOLATILITIES IN THE COURSE OF THE FOOD CRISIS
Creators: name: Busse, Stefan
name: Brümmer, Bernhard
name: Ihle, Rico
name: Busse, Stefan
name: Brümmer, Bernhard
name: Ihle, Rico
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Multivariate GARCH
subject: MATIF
subject: rapeseed
subject: crude oil
subject: volatilities
subject: food crisis

description: This paper investigates the development of volatilities in agricultural commodity prices during and after the food crisis with a focus on rapeseed future prices at the MATIF. We apply a dynamic conditional correlation model belonging to the class of multivariate GARCH models on price returns for rapeseed, crude oil and related agricultural commodity prices. Volatility developments on a daily basis between 1999 and 2009 are investigated with a focus on the period during the 2007/08 food crisis. An increasing correlation between the returns in rapeseed and crude oil price is found. Additionally, this correlation did not only increase during the food crisis but further rose afterwards. This implies that rapeseed prices react in an increasing manner to the same information as crude oil prices. Furthermore, rapeseed prices show high sensitivity to shocks and low persistency in volatilities and thus, bear the risk of overreactions in volatile phases. The increased correlation introduces the potential of even more pronounced volatilities in agricultural commodity prices during the next price boom since crude oil prices exhibited a higher volatility level versus agricultural commodity prices in the past. Furthermore, due to the difficulty in distinguishing commodity price trends, caused by changes in supply and demand, from volatilities, stemming from expectations and speculations, optimal production schemes are difficult to set up. Therefore they bear the risk of more pronounced price level changes in the long-run.
description: C2_3
Additional file 4 of Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) test for diagnosis of uncomplicated malaria in endemic areas: a meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy
Creators: name: Denesh Selvarajah
name: Naing, Cho
name: Htet, Norah Htet
name: Mak, Joon Wah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Summary of the methodological quality assessment across all studies.