cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The New Stock Market: Sense and Nonsense
Creators: name: Fox, Merritt B.
name: Rauterberg, Gabriel Virgil
name: Glosten, Lawrence R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Adverse selection (Insurance)
subject: Stock exchanges
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: How stocks are traded in the United States has been totally transformed. Gone are the dealers on NASDAQ and the specialists at the NYSE. Instead, a company’s stock can now be traded on up to sixty competing venues where a computer matches incoming orders. A majority of quotes are now posted by high-frequency traders (HFTs), making them the preponderant source of liquidity in the new market.

Many practices associated with the new stock market are highly controversial, as illustrated by the public furor following the publication of Michael Lewis’s book Flash Boys. Critics say that HFTs use their speed in discovering changes in the market and in altering their orders to take advantage of other traders. Dark pools – off-exchange trading venues that promise to keep the orders sent to them secret and to restrict the parties allowed to trade – are accused of operating in ways that injure many traders. Brokers are said to mishandle customer orders in an effort to maximize the payments they receive in return for sending trading venues their customers’ orders, rather than delivering best execution.

In this paper, we set out a simple, but powerful, conceptual framework for analyzing the new stock market. The framework is built upon three basic concepts: adverse selection, the principal-agent problem, and a multi-venue trading system. We illustrate the utility of this framework by analyzing the new market’s eight most controversial practices. The effects of each practice are evaluated in terms of the multiple social goals served by equity trading markets.

We ultimately conclude that there is no emergency requiring immediate, poorly considered action. Some reforms proposed by critics, however, are clearly desirable. Other proposed reforms involve a tradeoff between two or more valuable social goals. In these cases, whether a reform is desirable may be unclear, but a better understanding of the tradeoff involved enables a more informed choice and suggests where further empirical research would be useful. Finally, still other proposed reforms are based on misunderstandings of the market or of the social impacts of a practice and should be avoided.
ORCID für Förderer
Creators: name: Schrader, Antonia
name: Pampel, Heinz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: ORCID
Open Researcher and Contributor ID
ORCID DE
Autorenidentifikation
PID
Persistent Identifier
Open Science
Förderer

description: Die Präsentation zeigt die Vorteile von ORCID und die Möglichkeiten zur Implementierung für Förder-Institutionen auf. Stand Oktober 2020.
The Dynamic Analytics of Property Law
Creators: name: Heller, Michael A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Property
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: The standard property trilogy of private, commons, and state has become so outdated that it now impedes imagination and innovation at the frontiers of ownership. This essay suggests two approaches - creating new ideal types and synthesizing existing ones - that may help update our static property metaphors. Using these dynamic approaches to property analytics, legal theory can move beyond polarizing oppositions that have made jurisprudential debates unsolvable and rendered concrete problems invisible.
Semantic & Translation: Theory and Practice
Creators: name: Moneus, Ahmed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 200302 English Language
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Translation is the language of people and the portal of their civilization. To understand the history of civilization or people, we need to read literature to learn more about them. Therefore, the text has great importance for communicating and understanding civilizations through the process of translating hundreds of languages and dialects. Therefore, the text and meaning share some features. Furthermore, translation and semantics have the same commonality. Is translation simply a matter of translating words from one language to the next? In this regard, the translation renders the source language sense into the target language (Ghazala, 2008). Translation is a key tool for information exchange around the world. Translating serves as the bridge between cultures. This makes it possible for humans to open the doors of an unknown cultural and linguistic world. Translation is an important part of people's lives. That gives them the ability to communicate with people who speak different languages. Indeed, it is certain that the people of different countries speak different languages. Translation will become increasingly important. In other respects, semantics is central to the translation process. One of the fundamental factors for making a reliable translation for a better comprehension of semantic elements. We need reasonable comprehension and simple language, therefore, we had to rely on translation to facilitate and close these meanings. The purpose of the translator is crucial to bring out the real connection and communicate the meaning in the source text (Larson, 1998). This paper aims to shed light on the relation between translation and semantics from the point of view of practice and theory. To achieve the goal of this article, some examples and verses of the Qur'an have been cited with reference to some literature reviews. This document follows the descriptive and comparative methodology based on the narrative example and quotations. The findings show that there is a strong relationship between translation and semantics in both practical and theoretical terms. The Translation could not take place on its own without interpreting the meaning and analysis beyond the text. The paper called for more research and studies in the field of 13 13 translation and semantics. Given the few studies and books that deal with this issue, further studies are necessary on this subject.
Conflicts in Property
Creators: name: Heller, Michael A.
name: Dagan, Hanoch
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Conflict of interests--Law and legislation
subject: Property
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Property concerns conflicts - both conflicts between individuals and conflicts of interest. Conflicts between individuals have long been the paradigmatic property focus. According to this view, property debates circle around issues of autonomy and productive competition. But this is an impoverished view. In this Article, we shift attention to conflicts of interest. By helping people manage conflicts of interest, a well-governed property system balances interdependence with autonomy and productive cooperation with productive competition. We identify three mechanisms woven throughout property law that help manage conflicts of interest: (1) internalization of externalities; (2) democratization of management; and (3) de-escalation of transactions. We show that property law predictably selects among these mechanisms depending on the ratio of economic to social benefits that people seek from a group resource. When economic concerns predominate, property law typically uses contribution-based allocations of rights and responsibilities mediated by formal, foreground procedures, while at the social end of the spectrum we tend to see more egalitarian substantive rules operating as an informal, background safety net.
Analysis of Start-Up Digital Mental Health Platforms for Enterprise: Opportunities for Enhancing Communication between Managers and Employees
Creators: name: McLachlan, Craig
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Mental health services

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in employees being exposed to transformational stressors from within and outside the organization. This has created an opportunity for employee mental health solutions. Indeed, there has been a rapid growth in start-ups offering clinical mental health services via a digital health platform. These platforms servicing enterprise employee mental health needs have not been evaluated with respect to their ability to enhance management communication. Hence, the aims of the present study are to explore communication and service attributes across a sample of five operational leading commercial start-up platforms for mental service delivery to employees. We have observed that all platform models focused on providing on-demand mental health consultation services. Existing platforms fail to adequately support management communication for mental health solutions across 80% of platforms reviewed. We recommend that industry start-ups should understand the need for management engagement with digital mental health platforms. Digital mental health platform solutions in the workplace are ideally supported by valuing leadership communication. A culture around mental health will create sustainability in digital mental health solutions for an organization.
Spin Hot Spots in Single-Electron GaAs-based Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Raith, Martin
name: Pangerl, Thomas
name: Stano, Peter
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin relaxation of a single electron in a weakly coupled double quantum dot is calculated numerically. The phonon assisted spin flip is allowed by the presence of the linear and cubic spin-orbit couplings and nuclear spins. The rate is calculated as a function of the interdot coupling, the magnetic field strength and orientation, and the dot bias. In an in-plane magnetic field, the rate is strongly anisotropic with respect to the magnetic field orientation, due to the anisotropy of the spin-orbit interactions. The nuclear spin influence is negligible. In an out-of-plane field, the nuclear spins play a more important role due selection rules imposed on the spin-orbit couplings. Our theory shows a very good agreement with data measured in [Srinivasa, et al., PRL 110, 196803 (2013)], allowing us to extract information on the linear spin-orbit interactions strengths in that experiment. We estimate that they correspond to spin-orbit lengths of about 5-15 $μ$m.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures
Keeping rail on track: good practice work health and safety in the Australian rail industry
Creators: name: PATERSON, Jessica L
name: BLEWETT, Verna
name: RAINBIRD, Sophia
name: ETHERTON, Hayley
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: How organisations manage work health and safety is a reflection of their organisational culture. The Australian rail industry is diverse: organisations operate urban passenger networks, heavy haul in the Australian outback, or shift freight over large distances. The aim of the present study was to test lessons developed from earlier research in the Australian mining industry, the 10 Platinum Rules, as a framework for action towards improvements in organisational culture and WHS management in the Australian rail industry. A survey, focus groups and semi-structured interviews were conducted with employees from three rail industry sectors. Data were analysed inductively using an open coding technique to identify key themes. There was a good overall fit in the data with the 10 Platinum Rules, indicating that these rules may provide a useful framework for organisational self-reflection and for developing interventions leading to improved practice in WHS in Australian rail.
Photoelectron spin-polarization-control in the topological insulator Bi2Se3
Creators: name: Zhu, Z. -H.
name: Veenstra, C. N.
name: Zhdanovich, S.
name: Schneider, M. P.
name: Okuda, T.
name: Miyamoto, K.
name: Zhu, S. -Y.
name: Namatame, H.
name: Taniguchi, M.
name: Haverkort, M. W.
name: Elfimov, I. S.
name: Damascelli, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the manipulation of the photoelectron spin-polarization in Bi$_2$Se$_3$ by spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. General rules are established that enable controlling the spin-polarization of photoemitted electrons via light polarization, sample orientation, and photon energy. We demonstrate the $\pm$100% reversal of a single component of the measured spin-polarization vector upon the rotation of light polarization, as well as a full three-dimensional manipulation by varying experimental configuration and photon energy. While a material-specific density-functional theory analysis is needed for the quantitative description, a minimal two-atomic-layer model qualitatively accounts for the spin response based on the interplay of optical selection rules, photoelectron interference, and topological surface-state complex structure. It follows that photoelectron spin-polarization control is generically achievable in systems with a layer-dependent, entangled spin-orbital texture.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. A high-resolution version with supplementary material can be found at: http://www.phas.ubc.ca/~quantmat/ARPES/PUBLICATIONS/Articles/BiSe_spin_ARPES.pdf
title: Towards a Robust Validation Dataset for the Task of Figure and Caption Extraction from Scientific PDFs
Creators: name: Darmanovic, Filip
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Page Object Detection
subject: Figure Extraction
subject: Table Extraction
subject: Caption Extraction
subject: PDF

description: Durch den ständigen Anstieg an visuell-dargestellten Informationen in wissenschaftlichen Publikationen, steigt auch die Nachfrage, diese Informationen maschinell verarbeitbar zu machen.Anwendungen für Bilder und ähnliche visuellen Objekte reicht von Suchmachinen bis hin zu crossmedialen Machine Learning Ansätzen. Da die Aufgabe der Extrahierung von Elementen aus Dokumenten, sogar nativ-digitalen, keine triviale Tätigkeit ist, hat sich ein ganzer Forschungsfeld drum entwickelt. Wegen einem Mangel an Datensätzen für Evaluierung und Machine Learning ist aber der Fortschritt in diesem Forschungsfeld beeinträchtigt. In dieser Publikation annotieren wir Figuren, Tabellen, und Bildunterschriften in einem Korpus mit 3000 Publikationen aus den Forschungsfeldern Informatik, Biomedizin, Chemie, Physik, und Technologie, mithilfe der Crowd-Sourcing Platform Amazon Mechanical Turk (AMT). Wir veröffentlichen diese Annotationen zusammen mit den dazugehörigen Publikationen in einem Datensatz namens SCI-3000. Dieser Datensatz wird dann zum Vergleich von zwei neuartigen Ansätzen für die Extrahierung von Bilder, Tabellen und Bildunterschriften eingesetzt. Einer von diesen Ansätzen ist regelbasiert, und einer ist Deep Learning-basiert. Der letztgennante Ansatz war der bessere von den Beiden, mit einem durchnittlichen F1-Score von 0.78. Dieses Ergebnis deutet darauf hin, dass Deep-Learning Ansätze bei der Suche nach mehr Effizienz im Fokus bleiben sollten, besonders wenn es um Bildunterschriftextrahierung geht.
description: With the amount of information presented visually in scientific publications constantly on the rise, the demand for making this information machine-actionable is also rising.Usages for figures and similar visual elements range from search engines to cross-media machine learning approaches. As the task of extracting objects from documents, even born-digital ones, is non-trivial, an entire research field has formed around solving it. However, progress is impeded by a lack of datasets for evaluation and machine learning. In this work, we use the crowd-sourcing platform Amazon Mechanical Turk (AMT) to annotate figures, tables, and corresponding captions in a corpus of 3000 publications from the fields of computer science, biomedicine, chemistry, physics, and technology. We release these annotations together with their source publications in a dataset we call SCI-3000. This dataset is then used to benchmark two figure, table, and caption extraction approaches from recent literature: one rule-based, and one deep learning-based. The latter approach performed better of the two, with an average F1 score of 0.78, suggesting that deep-learning approaches should be explored further in the pursuit of higher efficacy, especially in the task of caption extraction.
Differences between psychosocial assessment of office and field workers in a utility company from a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: COELHO, Denis A.
name: TAVARES, Carla S. D.
name: LOURENÇO, Miguel L.
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: This paper investigates the effect of the differences in the nature of work on the
psychosocial assessment of people working under the same management, and in the same organizational environment. 32 field workers and 14 office workers of a utility company were voluntarily subjected to a psychosocial assessment. The short version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire was used. Statistical analysis yielded a significantly higher esteem score for the field workers. An odds ratios analysis carried out for the nature of work for CoPsoQ subscales did not reveal significant differences. Results are interpreted under the light of socio-technical systems theory.
Promoting Innovation: The Law of Publicly Traded Corporations
Creators: name: Fox, Merritt B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Security (Law)
subject: Stocks
subject: Capitalism
subject: Corporation law
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Improving economic welfare requires that society’s scarce savings be allocated among proposed real investment projects in a way that appreciates the prospects of promising new innovations. Corporate and securities law help structure important elements of this process of allocation. This article sketches out an approach based upon a seemingly paradoxical analogy of a market economy’s overall finance process to the way a hierarchical organization gathers and processes relevant bits of information dispersed among many individuals in order to make decisions. It thereby takes advantage of important thinking in communications and organizational theory about how to make organizations sensitive to the potentialities of new information and ideas.

The analysis suggests that established firms should pay out a relatively high portion of their cash flows. There should be a substantial venture capital sector and an active market for IPOs. Primary and secondary market prices should be relatively accurate. Incumbent managers of established firms should be judged in part by the medium term share price performance of their firms and poor performers should be under threat of replacement.

A comparison of four moments in economic history—the United States in the 1970s and 1980s, Japan since 1995, continental Europe since the 1995, and the United States since the 1995—supports these conclusions. The United States since 1995, relative to the other three moments in economic history, has had the least capital deepening and the fastest rate of growth in productivity per hour worked. It has also had, relative to the other three moments, a finance system most closely resembling what is called for here.

Achieving such a system requires rigorous, effectively enforced securities disclosure and anti-fraud laws. Corporate law must leave poorly performing incumbent management vulnerable to removal by hostile tender offer, or shareholder or independent board vote. Share price based compensation must be legally practical. And there must be serious constraints on non-pro-rata distribution among shareholders of the wealth created by the firm.
The real cost of training health professionals in Australia: It costs as much to build a dietician workforce as a dental workforce
Creators: name: Marsh, Claire
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Health and community services

description: Objectives: We explored the real cost of training the workforce in a range of primary health care professions in Australia with a focus on the impact of retention to contribute to the debate on how best to achieve the optimal health workforce mix. Methods: The cost to train an entry-level health professional across 12 disciplines was derived from university fees, payment for clinical placements and, where relevant, cost of internship, adjusted for student drop-out. Census data were used to identify the number of qualified professionals working in their profession over a working life and to model expected years of practice by discipline. Data were combined to estimate the mean cost of training a health professional per year of service in their occupation. Results: General medical graduates were the most expensive to train at &451,000 per completing student and a mean cost of &18,400 per year of practice (expected 24.5 years in general practice), while dentistry also had a high training cost of &352,180 but an estimated costs of &11,140 per year of practice (based on an expected 31.6 years in practice). Training costs are similar for dieticians and podiatrists, but because of differential workforce retention (mean 14.9 vs 31.5 years), the cost of training per year of clinical practice is twice as high for dieticians (&10,300 vs. &5200), only 8% lower than that for dentistry. Conclusions: Return on investment in training across professions is highly variable, with expected time in the profession as important as the direct training cost. These results can indicate where increased retention and/or attracting trained professionals to return to practice should be the focus of any supply expansion versus increasing the student cohort.
Effects of massive photons from the dark sector on the muon content in extensive air showers
Creators: name: Ebr, Jan
name: Nečesal, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by recent astrophysical observations of leptonic excesses measured by satellite experiments, we consider the impact of some general models of the dark sector on the muon production in extensive air showers. We present a compact approximative expression for the bremsstrahlung of a massive photon from an electron and use it within Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the amount of weakly interacting photon-like massive particles that could be produced in an extensive air shower. We find that the resulting muon production is by many orders of magnitude below the average muon count in a shower and thus unobservable.
description: Accepted for publication in Physics Letters B on 9 July 2013
Universal quantum computation with weakly integral anyons
Creators: name: Cui, Shawn X.
name: Hong, Seung-Moon
name: Wang, Zhenghan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Harnessing non-abelian statistics of anyons to perform quantum computational tasks is getting closer to reality. While the existence of universal anyons by braiding alone such as the Fibonacci anyon is theoretically a possibility, accessible anyons with current technology all belong to a class that is called weakly integral---anyons whose squared quantum dimensions are integers. We analyze the computational power of the first non-abelian anyon system with only integral quantum dimensions---$D(S_3)$, the quantum double of $S_3$. Since all anyons in $D(S_3)$ have finite images of braid group representations, they cannot be universal for quantum computation by braiding alone. Based on our knowledge of the images of the braid group representations, we set up three qutrit computational models. Supplementing braidings with some measurements and ancillary states, we find a universal gate set for each model.
description: add 2 references and corrected many minor typos
The predictive and diagnostic accuracy of vascular endothelial growth factor and pentraxin-3 in severe dengue
Creators: name: Low, Gary
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Pathology (excl. oral pathology)

description: This study aimed to evaluate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pentraxin 3 (PTX-3) as predictive and diagnostic markers in differentiating severe dengue from non-severe dengue. The study was conducted in Ampang Health Clinic, Ampang Hospital and Serdang Hospital. The plasma levels of VEGF and PTX-3 were compared between severe dengue and non-severe dengue by ELISA from the day of presentation until discharged. Multiple logistic regression was used to develop predictive and diagnostic models by incorporating other clinical parameters. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was used to assess the accuracy of the biomarkers and the developed models. Eighty-two patients were recruited, 29 with severe dengue and four died. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) was statistically significant in VEGF as diagnostic marker at Day 2 and 3 of illness with sensitivity of 80.00%-100.00% and specificity of 76.47%-80.00%. The predictive model with AUC of 0.84 (p < 0.01) has a sensitivity of 100.00% and specificity of 79.25% for predicting severe dengue. The diagnostic model with AUC of 0.71 (p < 0.01) has a sensitivity of 76.19% and specificity of 73.58% for diagnosing severe dengue. The AUC for PTX-3 was not statistically significant. VEGF may be used in combination with other clinical parameters to predict the severity of the disease. As a single biomarker, it may be used as an adjunct investigation to support the diagnosis of severe dengue. PTX-3 was not able to differentiate severe dengue from non-severe dengue.
MOJAVE XXI. Decade-long linear polarization variability in AGN jets at parsec scales
Creators: name: Zobnina, D. I.
name: Aller, H. D.
name: Aller, M. F.
name: Homan, D. C.
name: Kovalev, Y. Y.
name: Lister, M. L.
name: Pashchenko, I. N.
name: Pushkarev, A. B.
name: Savolainen, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using stacking of images obtained at different epochs, we studied the variability properties of linear polarization of active galactic nucleus (AGN) jets on parsec-scales. Our sample is drawn from the MOJAVE programme, and consists of 436 AGNs manifesting core-jet morphology and having at least five VLBA observing epochs at 15 GHz from January 1996 through August 2019, with some additional archival VLBA data reduced by us. We employed a stacking procedure and constructed maps of (i) standard deviation of fractional polarization and electric vector position angle (EVPA) over epochs as the measure of variability and (ii) median polarization degree to quantify typical values in time. The distributions of these values along and across the jet were analysed for the whole sample for the first time. We found that core EVPA variability is typically higher than that of the jet, presumably due to component blending and outflow bends in the core. The BL Lacertae object cores have lower EVPA variability, compared to that of quasars, possibly due to lower Faraday rotation measure, suggesting a stronger ordered magnetic field component. The EVPA becomes more stable down the jet. Most of the sources showing this trend have a time coverage of more than 12 years and at least 15 epochs. The possible cause could be the increase of stability in the magnetic field direction, reflecting an increase in the fraction of the magnetic field that is ordered. There are no significant optical-class-dependent or spectral-class-dependent relations in the EVPA variability properties in AGN jets.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables; accepted by MNRAS; full electronic tables are available as ancillary files
Levodopa-responsive Holmes' Tremor Caused by a Single Inflammatory Demyelinating Lesion
Creators: name: Katschnig-Winter, Petra
name: Koegl-Wallner, Mariella
name: Pendl, Tamara
name: Schwingenschuh, Petra
name: Fazekas, Franz
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine
subject: Medical sciences

description: Background: Holmes’ tremor is characterized by a combination of rest, postural, and kinetic tremor that is presumably caused by interruption of cerebello-thalamo-cortical and nigrostriatal pathways. Medical treatment remains unsatisfactory.

Case Report: A 16-year-old girl presented with Holmes’ tremor caused by a transient midbrain abnormality on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To explore the discrepancy between persistent tremor and resolved MRI changes, we performed dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography (DaT-SPECT) with a 123I-ioflupane that revealed nearly absent DaT binding in the right striatum. Levodopa dramatically improved the tremor.

Discussion: This is only the second report of a transient midbrain MRI abnormality disrupting nigrostriatal pathways. The case highlights the sometimes limited sensitivity of morphologic imaging for identifying the functional consequences of tissue damage and confirms that DaT imaging may serve as a predictor for levodopa responsiveness in Holmes’ tremor.
A search for inverse magnetic catalysis in thermal quark-meson models
Creators: name: Fraga, E. S.
name: Mintz, B. W.
name: Schaffner-Bielich, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the parameter space of the two-flavor thermal quark-meson model and its Polyakov loop-extended version under the influence of a constant external magnetic field $B$. We investigate the behavior of the pseudo critical temperature for chiral symmetry breaking taking into account the likely dependence of two parameters on the magnetic field: the Yukawa quark-meson coupling and the parameter $T_0$ of the Polyakov loop potential. Under the constraints that magnetic catalysis is realized at zero temperature and the chiral transition at $B=0$ is a crossover, we find that the quark-meson model leads to thermal magnetic catalysis for the whole allowed parameter space, in contrast to the present picture stemming from lattice QCD.
description: 8 pages, 5figures
Distribution of work tasks and associations to pain, fatigue and physical exertion among construction workers
Creators: name: Ajslev, Jeppe Z N
name: Persson, Roger
name: Andersen, Lars L
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: In this paper, results from a mixed-methods study on Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in the construction industry will be presented and discussed. The study explores the associations between the distribution of work tasks within work gangs and the workers’ perceived fatigue, physical exertion and pain. The analysis is based on questionnaire responses from 519 construction workers and discussed with interviews from 8 construction work gangs. The analysis shows no associations between the studied variables. The qualitative data reflect these results in general. However, important mechanisms of giving harder tasks to younger workers, and taking over tasks for elder colleagues pose important issues to address. Conclusively, reorganizing the distribution of work tasks within the gang with the hope of preventing MSD in the construction industry does not seem the most obvious solution on the grounds of this research.
Radiative corrections to the Yukawa coupling constants in two Higgs doublet models
Creators: name: Kanemura, Shinya
name: Kikuchi, Mariko
name: Yagyu, Kei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate one-loop corrected Yukawa coupling constants $hf\bar{f}$ for the standard model like Higgs boson $h$ in two Higgs doublet models. We focus on the models with the softly-broken $Z_2$ symmetry, which is imposed to avoid the flavor changing neutral current. Under the $Z_2$ symmetry, there are four types of Yukawa interactions. We find that one-loop contributions from extra Higgs bosons modify the $hf\bar{f}$ couplings to be maximally about $5\%$ under the constraint from perturbative unitarity and vacuum stability. Our results show that the pattern of tree-level deviations by the mixing effect in each type of Yukawa couplings from the SM predictions does not change even including radiative corrections. Moreover, when the gauge couplings $hVV$ ($V=W,Z$) are found to be slightly (with a percent level) differ from the SM predictions, the $hf\bar{f}$ couplings also deviate but more largely. Therefore, in such a case, not only can we determine the type of Yukawa couplings but also we can obtain information on the extra Higgs bosons by comparing the predictions with precisely measured $hf\bar{f}$ and $hVV$ couplings at future electron-positron colliders.
description: Version accepted in Physics Letters B
Interpreters in The Time of Crisis Borders and Barriers.pdf
Creators: name: Moneus, Ahmed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 200323 Translation and Interpretation Studies
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: 10 Yemeni interpreters working in conflict zones in Yemen were selected using an open-ended questionnaire to explore if they face challenges and barriers in their work as interpreters. For this purpose, the paper aimed to identify the barriers and challenges that encounter interpreters in conflict zones in Yemen. The findings showed that interpreters encounter many challenges, including linguistic, social, cultural, and psychological challenges, in addition to pressure work, translation lost, workload, security threatening, diversity of dialects, diversity of society, workload, and term conflicts.
A DNA barcode library for woody plants in tropical and subtropical China
Creators: name: Jin, Lu
name: Shi, Haoyou
name: Li, Ting
name: Zhao, Nan
name: Xu, Yong
name: Xiao, Tian-Wen
name: Song, Feng
name: Ma, Chenxin
name: Li, Qiao-Ming
name: Lin, Luxiang
name: Shao, Xiao-Na
name: Li, Bu-Hang
name: Mi, Xiang-Cheng
name: Ren, Hai-Bao
name: Qiao, Xiu-Juan
name: Lian, Ju-Yu
name: Du, Hu
name: Ge, Xue-Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310411
subject: Plant and fungus systematics and taxonomy

description: A DNA barcode library for woody plants in tropical and subtropical China
Community ergonomics applied to the implementation of a region-wide care coordination program
Creators: name: HUNDT, Ann Schoofs
name: CARAYON, Pascale
name: CARTMILL, Randi
name: HOONAKKER, Peter
name: KIANFAR, Sarah
name: ALYOUSEF, Bashar
name: SALEK, Doreen
name: TOMCAVAGE, Janet
name: WALKER, James
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: We present a case study of a care coordination program, proven effective in containing costs and improving quality at a large regional health system and its implementation at an independent community hospital participating in a federally-funded regional health IT-mediated care coordination project. We propose that, had tenets of community ergonomics been followed, the implementation and acceptance of the care coordination program would have been smoother and more expeditious.
Identifying Non-Abelian Topological Order through Minimal Entangled States
Creators: name: Zhu, W.
name: Gong, S. S.
name: Haldane, F. D. M.
name: Sheng, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The topological order is equivalent to the pattern of long-range quantum entanglements, which cannot be measured by any local observable. Here we perform an exact diagonalization study to establish the non-Abelian topological order through entanglement entropy measurement. We focus on the quasiparticle statistics of the non-Abelian Moore-Read and Read-Rezayi states on the lattice boson models. We identify multiple independent minimal entangled states (MESs) in the groundstate manifold on a torus. The extracted modular $\mathcal{S}$ matrix from MESs faithfully demonstrates the Majorana quasiparticle or Fibonacci quasiparticle statistics, including the quasiparticle quantum dimensions and the fusion rules for such systems. These findings support that MESs manifest the eigenstates of quasiparticles for the non-Abelian topological states and encode the full information of the topological order.
Law, Share Price Accuracy and Economic Performance: The New Evidence
Creators: name: Fox, Merritt B.
name: Durnev, Art
name: Morck, Randall
name: Yeung, Bernard
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Stock exchanges
subject: Securities
subject: Disclosure of information--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: The value of mandatory securities disclosure is intensely debated. Two big questions occupy much of the attention: Do more accurate share prices contribute to the efficient provision of goods and services in the economy? Even if they do, will mandatory disclosure effectively contribute to share price accuracy? To date, the debate has been largely theoretical. This Article sheds much needed empirical light on the matter. After introducing a new technique from financial economics –R² – to measure share price accuracy, the Article starts by discussing recent R² studies by ourselves and others addressing the first question. Using both cross country and cross industry comparisons, the results show that more accurate share prices improve capital allocation and thus do in fact contribute to the efficient provision of goods and services in the economy. The Article then presents a new R² study that we have conducted addressing the second question. The study examines the effect of a December 1980 change in the SEC’s disclosure rule requiring every issuer’s filings to contain a section with management’s discussion and analysis of the issuer’s financial results (the “MD&A” rule). The change required managers to disclose any material information suggesting that the issuer’s most recent results are not necessarily indicative of future results. Our study shows that share prices became more accurate a result of the changed rule, suggesting that mandatory disclosure can in fact be effective.
7Interpreters in The Time of Crisis Borders and Barriers.pdf
Creators: name: Moneus, Ahmed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 200323 Translation and Interpretation Studies
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: 10 Yemeni interpreters working in conflict zones in Yemen were selected using an open-ended questionnaire to explore if they face challenges and barriers in their work as interpreters. For this purpose, the paper aimed to identify the barriers and challenges that encounter interpreters in conflict zones in Yemen. The findings showed that interpreters encounter many challenges, including linguistic, social, cultural, and psychological challenges, in addition to pressure work, translation lost, workload, security threatening, diversity of dialects, diversity of society, workload, and term conflicts.
Characteristics and outcomes of adult Ethiopian patients enrolled in HIV care and treatment: a multi-clinic observational study
Creators: name: Yirsaw, Zenebe M.
name: Lamb, Matthew R.
name: Wang, Chunhui
name: Lulseged, Sileshi
name: Belachaw, Tsigereda Gadisa
name: Ahmed, Solomon
name: Habtamu, Zelalem
name: Alemu, Hailubeza
name: Assefa, Tamrat
name: Abrams, Elaine J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Public health
Epidemiology
Medicine

description: Background: We describe trends in characteristics and outcomes among adults initiating HIV care and treatment in Ethiopia from 2006-2011. Methods: We conducted a retrospective longitudinal analysis of HIV-positive adults (≥15 years) enrolling at 56 Ethiopian health facilities from 2006–2011. We investigated trends over time in the proportion enrolling through provider-initiated counseling and testing (PITC), baseline CD4+ cell counts and WHO stage. Additionally, we assessed outcomes (recorded death, loss to follow-up (LTF), transfer, and total attrition (recorded death plus LTF)) before and after ART initiation. Kaplan-Meier techniques estimated cumulative incidence of these outcomes through 36 months after ART initiation. Factors associated with LTF and death after ART initiation were estimated using Hazard Ratios accounting for within-clinic correlation. Results: 93,418 adults enrolled into HIV care; 53,300 (57%) initiated ART. The proportion enrolled through PITC increased from 27.6% (2006–2007) to 44.8% (2010–2011) (p
Targeting Rac1 for the prevention of atherosclerosis among U.S. Veterans with inflammatory bowel disease
Creators: name: Sutton, S. Scott
name: Magagnoli, Joseph
name: Cummings, Tammy H.
name: Hardin, James W.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Evidence suggests that Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) might be a target in atherosclerotic disease (AD). We hypothesize that due to their ability to inhibit Rac1, thiopurines are associated with a lower risk of AD. We fit a time-dependent cox proportional hazards model estimating the hazard of AD among a national cohort of US veterans with inflammatory bowel disease. Patients exposed to thiopurines had a 7.5% lower risk of AD (HR = 0.925; 95% CI = (0.87–0.984)) compared to controls. The propensity score weighted analysis reveals thiopurine exposure reduces the risk of AD by 6.6% (HR = 0.934; 95% CI = (0.896–0.975)), compared to controls. Further exploration and evaluation of Rac1 inhibition as a target for AD is warranted.
Designing work organization based on “profession” collectives and “inter-profession” relations
Creators: name: CAROLY, Sandrine
name: PETIT, Johann
name: DUGUE, Bernard
name: LANDRY, Aurélie
name: DAVEZIES, Philippe
name: COUTAREL, Fabien
name: POUSSIN, Nadine
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: The aim is to show that the design of organizational structure can be enhanced
through debates about work among profession-specific collectives and through the
development of relations between several professions. We are carrying out several
ergonomic interventions in projects with multidisciplinary teams working in occupational health departments. We shall present two cases of occupational health departments whose contexts, in terms of multidisciplinary team composition are different. The interventionrelated difficulties encountered during organizational design projects based on collective activity lead us to question future methodologies.
Compactifying the Kerr-Schild Double Copy
Creators: name: Dempsey, Ross
name: Weck, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the classical double copy relationship for Kerr-Schild spacetimes can be dimensionally reduced to give a natural notion of the double copy for Kaluza-Klein theory with gravity coupled to a gauge field and a dilaton. Under dimensional reduction the Kerr-Schild (KS) ansatz becomes the stringy Kerr-Schild (sKS) ansatz introduced by Wu. This ansatz captures many Kaluza-Klein black hole solutions, including single-charge black holes arising in both gauged and ungauged supergravity theories. We identify the single copy gauge field and scalar field of an arbitrary sKS solution. We show that the boost-reduction procedure for generating charged black hole solutions can be generalized to any stationary KS seed, and used to combine the metric with the zeroth and single copies of that seed into a single sKS solution. Furthermore, we comment on multi-charge solutions that can be written in a multi-sKS form, proposing a double copy interpretation involving multiple single copy sectors.
description: 20 pages
A DNA barcode library for woody plants in tropical and subtropical China
Creators: name: Jin, Lu
name: Shi, Haoyou
name: Li, Ting
name: Zhao, Nan
name: Xu, Yong
name: Xiao, Tian-Wen
name: Ma, Chenxin
name: Song, Feng
name: Li, Qiao-Ming
name: Lin, Luxiang
name: Shao, Xiao-Na
name: Li, Bu-Hang
name: Mi, Xiang-Cheng
name: Ren, Hai-Bao
name: Qiao, Xiu-Juan
name: Lian, Ju-Yu
name: Du, Hu
name: Ge, Xue-Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310411
subject: Plant and fungus systematics and taxonomy

description: A DNA barcode library for woody plants in tropical and subtropical China
title: Knowledge and legal proof between modality and explanation
Creators: name: Mortini, Dario
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2022

description: Dissertation outline: I begin my dissertation by charting and assessing two competing approaches to theorise about the nature of knowledge – modalism and explanationism. According to the former, knowledge equates with a belief which is true in a relevant set of possible worlds; according to the latter, knowledge is a matter of believing the truth on the basis of the right explanation. When it comes to the competition between modalism and explanationism in traditional epistemology, I reject explanationism and I endorse modalism: I move novel objections against the most recent explanationist account of knowledge and I develop a novel version of modalism. This new version of modalism consists of a different safety condition which is informed by the etiological theory of functions made popular in the philosophy of biology. I argue that it does better than both extant versions of modalism and extant versions of explanationism. I then move on to the contrast between modalism and explanationism in the context of applied legal epistemology. By emphasising a few structural connections between knowledge and legal proof, epistemologists have moved quite freely from a modalist account of knowledge to a modalist account of legal proof. A case in point is Duncan Pritchard, who proposes a modal condition for knowledge (safety) and then extends it to legal standards of proof. On this second issue, I see things differently: in legal epistemology, I endorse explanationism and I reject modalism. Accordingly, I object to influential modal accounts of legal proof and I offer an alternative explanationist account. I develop an account of legal proof as an inference to the best contrastive explanation: by drawing on up-to-date literature on abductive reasoning in the philosophy of science, I bring into focus hitherto unappreciated connections between the nature of legal proof and the structure of scientific explanation. The final upshot is a well-informed account of legal proof which does away with modal conditions and better captures the nature of juridical proof. My dissertation advances two closely related debates by emphasising a neat separation between modalism and explanationism: while the former is the right approach to theorise about the nature of knowledge, only the latter can provide a satisfactory account of legal proof. Such separation offers a new picture of the relationship between knowledge and legal proof, and it provides new insights into several debates at the intersection of traditional and applied legal epistemology.