cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thermal insulation and sealing materials manufactured from textile silica sliver
Creators: name: Achtsnit, Hans-Dieter
Publisher: name: Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 660

description: The known inorganic yarns for the production of textile products which may be applied up to 1100°C are either very costly to manufacture, difficult to process due to their weak mechanical properties or they are strongly suspected of being a health risk. The new textile silica sliver is to fulfil the requirements with regard to low costs, safety to health and diverse textile processability. Combined in a continuous process are: a) the dry spinning of sodium silicate filament yarn, b) the direct formation of sodium silicate slivers by the drum drawing process and c) the transformation to textile silica sliver in a post-treatment line. The sliver is wound on directly. The various textile products manufactured from textile silica slivers or staple fiber yarns made therefrom are suitable for application in insulation and heat protection up to 1100°C. The following is a summary of possible use in a glass plant: rolls, - thermal insulation, - electrical insulation, - seals and gaskets, - safety equipment.
Quantum periods: A census of ϕ^4-transcendentals
Creators: name: Schnetz, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perturbative quantum field theories frequently feature rational linear combinations of multiple zeta values (periods). In massless ϕ^4-theory we show that the periods originate from certain `primitive' vacuum graphs. Graphs with vertex connectivity 3 are reducible in the sense that they lead to products of periods with lower loop order. A new `twist' identity amongst periods is proved and a list of graphs (the census) with their periods, if available, is given up to loop order 8.
description: 33 pages, 71 postscript figures, v2: augmented and rewritten
Influence of small additions of Li₂O raw materials on glass melting
Creators: name: Tang, Yan
name: Frischat, Günther Heinz
Publisher: name: Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 660

description: For a container glass composition up to 1 mol% of the alkali oxide was substituted by Li₂O in steps of ≈0.2 %. The lithia was added as Li₂CO₃ and as spodumene, respectively. As shown earlier Li₂O reduces the viscosity of the melts considerably, irrespective of the Li₂O source. However, melt formation, carbonate decomposidon, silicate and silicate melt formation processes during raw materials reactions are considerably accelerated by Li₂CO₃ addition only, whereas Li₂O in the spodumene silicate does not enhance these reactions. The fining of the melt and the corrosion behavior of refractories are strongly influenced also by the lower viscosity melts. Thus, the corrosion rate may be diminished by temperature reduction at constant viscosity. For technical purposes the glasses are very stable against crystallization, however, thermal analysis shows that the higher the Li₂O content is, the faster the crystal growth proceeds. The surface tension of the glass melts decreases and the water leach resistance of the solid glasses is enhanced with increasing Li₂O content. The Li⁺ ions are less polarizable and, due to their high Dietzel field strength, the glass structure is dghtened compared with that of Li₂O-free glass. In conclusion, the substitution of small amounts of Li₂O instead of Na₂O and/or K₂O shows several advantages. At low temperatures different raw materials reactions are accelerated and at high temperature the decrease in melt viscosity is decisive.
Realization of Incompressible Navier-Stokes Flow as Superposition of Transport Processes for Clebsch Potentials
Creators: name: Sato, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In ideal fluids, Clebsch potentials occur as paired canonical variables associated with the Hamiltonian description of the Euler equations. This paper explores the properties of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations when the velocity field is expressed through a complete set of paired Clebsch potentials. First, it is shown that the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations can be cast as a system of transport (convection-diffusion) equations where each Clebsch potential plays the role of a generalized distribution function. The diffusion operator associated with each Clebsch potential departs from the standard Laplacian due to a term depending on the Lie-bracket of the corresponding Clebsch pair. It is further shown that the Clebsch potentials can be used to define a Shannon-type entropy measure, i.e. a functional, different from energy and enstrophy, whose growth rate is non-negative. As a consequence, the flow must vanish at equilibrium. This functional can be interpreted as a measure of the topological complexity of the velocity field. In addition, the Clebsch parametrization enables the identification of a class of flows, larger than the class of two dimensional flows, possessing the property that the vortex stretching term identically vanishes and the growth rate of entrophy is non-positive.
description: 16 pages
Formation and behaviour of bubble curtains in glass melts
Creators: name: Roi, Torsten
name: Seidel, Olaf
name: Nolle, Günther
name: Höhne, Diethart
Publisher: name: Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 660

description: It is widely assumed that bubbles form in melts when their composition and/or gas-dissolving capacity is changed by the dissolution of refractories or sand. This phenomenon is shown by photographs of dissolving sand. In experimental invesdgadons, it was not possible to explain bubble curtains in the vicinity of refractory materials by changes in composition. Computer simulations show that such bubble curtains can be formed even at a relatively low extent of bubble growth in the glass melt. By convective flows, these bubble curtains can be distributed so that they appear to be the result of a boundary layer reaction. At a constant temperature distribution, such bubble curtains maintain their position for a very long time. In the case of heating, the bubbles are distributed over a large volume of the melt. This may suddenly cause the formation of bubbles especially in tank furnaces.
Is Hilbert space discrete?
Creators: name: Buniy, R.
name: Hsu, S.
name: Zee, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that discretization of spacetime naturally suggests discretization of Hilbert space itself. Specifically, in a universe with a minimal length (for example, due to quantum gravity), no experiment can exclude the possibility that Hilbert space is discrete. We give some simple examples involving qubits and the Schrodinger wavefunction, and discuss implications for quantum information and quantum gravity.
description: 4 pages, revtex, 1 figure
Optimization of Quantum Information Processing Maximizing Mutual Information
Creators: name: Belavkin, V. P.
name: Stratonovich, R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model of quantum noisy channel with input encoding by a classical random vector is described. An equation of optimality is derived to determine a complete set of wave functions describing quantum decodings based on quasi-measurements maximizing the classical amount of transmitted information. A solution of this equation is found for the Gaussian multimode case with input Gaussian distribution. It is described by the overcomplete family of coherent vectors describing an optimal quasimeasurement of the canonical annihilation amplitudes in the output Hilbert space. It is found that the optimal decoding in this case realizes the maximum amount I=Spln[1+S/(N+1)] of the classical information as transmitted via the classical Gaussian channel with the effective noise covariance matrix N+I. A physical realization of optimal quasi-measurement based on an indirect (heterodyne) observation of the canonical operators is suggested.
description: 9 pages. Quantum Information more than 30 years ago. See more at http://www.maths.nott.ac.uk/personal/vpb/vpb_research.html
RE-THINKING THE IMPACT OF ORGANISATIONAL SPONSORSHIP WITH LACANIAN THEORY
Creators: name: Rao, Vasudha
name: Tootell, Beth
name: Dickson, Andrew
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2021

description: Sponsoring has been positioned as a powerful intervention for the career advancement of women, with career resilience as a key benefit of sponsorship. In this paper we utilise a psychoanalytic framework namely Lacanian discourse theory, to argue that this may not be the case, and that sponsoring may actually create a diagonally opposite result by creating (ir)resilience in individuals being sponsored. Our theoretical critique is supported by empirical data from qualitative interviews with participants across Europe, as well as an examination of extracts from accounts of sponsoring in published research. Our analysis supports an alternate way of thinking about sponsoring and has implications for human resource practice. We suggest reversing the hierarchical positioning of sponsors and sponsees to counter the (ir)resilience created in a hierarchical sponsoring relationship. The resulting artificially introduced hystericisation will set the scene for radical change and build career resilience in women, both as sponsors and sponsees.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 40 No. 1 (2021): Advancing Women in Leadership
Infrared spectroscopic analysis of water incorporated in the structure of industrial soda-lime-silica glasses
Creators: name: Geotti-Bianchini, Franco
name: De Riu, Luca
Publisher: name: Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 660

description: The paper illustrates a method for the determination of the water content of glasses by infrared transmittance spectroscopy from the exdnctions of the bands due to free and hydrogen-bonded hydroxyl groups dissolved in the glass. The procedure is discussed in detail, highlighting the sources of random and systematic errors and what can be done to improve the interlaboratory reproducibihty. The ratio of the intensities of the two bands at 2.8 and 3.6 µm is investigated accurately for a range of industrial soda-lime-silica glasses. In the case of containers and float glass it is nearly constant, but it varies widely for other products, such as household appliances, car headlamps and hand worked arücles, probably due to differences in the glass formulation. Accordingly, caution should be exerted in using the simplified method based on the measurement of the first band only, implying a constant rado. Finally, evidence of molecular water in the dealkalized surface layers of commercial articles is obtained using infrared reflectance spectroscopy.
WOMEN IN THE WORK PLACE – AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CHALLENGE OF WORK LOAD
Creators: name: Wani, Ambreen
name: Ahmad, Mufeed
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2021

description: Female employment has witnessed a drastic paradigm shift. Several factors like improving literacy, change is the socio-economic scenario, zest for financial independence and ambition; are responsible for this changing trend. Being the largest employer of women in India, education sector is witnessing drastic changes. The present study examines Work-Life Balance of women working in various universities of J&K with emphasis on work pressure the females face in the course of trying to balance their professional life with their personal life. Investigation shows that most working women are upset with the amount of work-load in the universities. Women who work for longer hours tend to be more dissatisfied with their Work-Life Balance. The study strongly suggests that academic expectations must be attuned with the demands of a woman’s personal life or else a woman can never give her best.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 40 No. 1 (2021): Advancing Women in Leadership
Investigations into structure and composition of gel layers on medieval window glasses of the Katharinenkirche, Oppenheim (Germany), and the Cathedral St. Gatien, Tours (France)
Creators: name: Bräutigam, Uwe
name: Bürger, Herbert
name: Völksch, Günter
Publisher: name: Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 660

description: Optical microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction analysis (XRD) and Energy dispersive electron Probe Micro Analysis (EPMA) were used to characterize surface and subsurface layers and areas on medieval church window glasses generated by weathering and contamination, respectively. Investigations were carried out at surfaces and at existing or at artificially created cross-sections as well. Altogether 30 samples (22 from the Katharinenkirche, Oppenheim (Germany), and eight from the Cathedral St. Gatien, Tours (France)) were at disposal for the investigations. Depending on possibilities, conceded by the decisions of the responsible curators of the named historical monuments, investigations were carried out to get as much information as possible about chemical and structural characteristics of defects of the authentic glasses caused by weathering processes. In case of their appearance and detectability so-called gel layers or gel areas were of special interest. With attention to the specific conditions, samples were characterized with respect to the documentation of topographic changes of their surfaces (SEM), the detection and characterization of crystalline phases (XDA), the determination of compositions of the genuine glasses as well as material areas caused by weathering (EPMA). Using records of element-specific mappings, information about depth-dependent element distribution profiles was accessible.
Topological Nematic Phase Transition in Kitaev Magnets Under Applied Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Takahashi, Masahiro O.
name: Yamada, Masahiko G.
name: Takikawa, Daichi
name: Mizushima, Takeshi
name: Fujimoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scenario of realizing the toric code phase, which can be potentially utilized for fault-tolerant quantum computation, in candidate materials of Kitaev magnets. It is demonstrated that four-body interactions among Majorana fermions in the Kitaev spin liquid state, which are induced by applied magnetic fields as well as non-Kitaev-type exchange interactions, trigger a nematic phase transition of Majorana bonds without magnetic orders, accompanying the change of the Chern number from $\pm 1$ to zero. This gapful spin liquid state with zero Chern number is nothing but the toric code phase. Our result potentially explains the topological nematic transition recently observed in $α$-RuCl$_3$ via heat capacity measurements [O. Tanaka et al., arXiv:2007.06757].
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Navigating the Labyrinth of Leadership in Sport: A Community of Practice of Femininity
Creators: name: Kraft, Erin
name: Culver, Diane M.
name: Din, Cari
name: Cayer, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2021

description: The following qualitative study examines a social learning initiative to support the leadership development of women in sport. Specifically, a Community of Practice (CoP) of femininity was cultivated to inspire women (and male allies) to develop their leadership capacities in the androcentric field of sport. Data were generated from 12 sport leaders (10 women and two men) over a year and a half to collect their experiences of participating in this initiative. Data collection included interviews, observations, surveys, and informal discussions and were analyzed using thematic analysis. The themes discussed include: supports to develop confidence, improved leadership skills, self-awareness of leadership capacity and influence, increased leadership opportunities, men supporting women in leadership development, and the value of social learning. The authors hope these findings will inspire others to implement similar initiatives to fields where masculinity is dominant. This may allow other CoPs of femininity to emerge to support women in their leadership development.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 40 No. 1 (2021): Advancing Women in Leadership
Effect of cannabidiol on disease-associated functions of human vascular smooth muscle cells
Creators: name: Schwartz, Margit
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 570 Life science
subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Excessive proliferation and migration of VSMC are closely linked to cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The enzyme HO-1 was shown to be involved in anti-proliferative/anti-migratory effects in VSMC. This thesis investigates the effect of CBD on VSMC and HO-1. HO-1 was significantly increased by CBD in an ROS-depentent manner. In addition, inhibition of proliferation and migration of VSMC were observed and not attenuated by inhibition/knockdown of HO-1. This work provides evidence of a CBD-mediated induction of HO-1 in VSMC and potential protective effects via an HO-1-independent mechanism.
Comparison of ecological and economic aspects of a modern regenerative end-fired furnace and the second generation Sorg LoNOx® Melter
Creators: name: Pieper, Helmut
name: Platzner, Thomas
name: Becher, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 660

description: All cost parameters which affect the economic viability of a glass melting furnace have been compiled and assessed in the present comparison. Ecological aspects have joined the previously valid economic aspects causing higher operating costs in the case of conventional furnaces. An economic comparison between an end-fired furnace and a second generation LoNOx® Melter, with and without cullet preheating, was made, whereby all furnaces have a melting capacity of 250 t/d with an amount of 90% cullet in the batch. The most important value for the operator ultimately is the value of the furnace-dependent costs per tonne of glass at the end of two furnace campaigns. It turns out that this value for the second generation LoNOx® Melter with cullet preheating is about 19% lower than in the case of a high-performance end-fired furnace. In addition, an oxygen-fired LoNOx® Melter has been included in the assessment to complete this comparison.
Width effects in resonant three-body decays: $B$ decay as an example
Creators: name: Cheng, Hai-Yang
name: Chiang, Cheng-Wei
name: Chua, Chun-Khiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For three-body hadron decays mediated by intermediate resonances with large widths, we show how to properly extract the quasi-two-body decay rates for a meaningful comparison with the corresponding theoretical estimates, using several $B$ decays as explicit examples. We compute the correction factor from finite width effects in the QCD factorization approach, and make a comparison with that using the experimental parameterization in which the momentum dependence in the weak dynamics is absent. Although the difference is generally less than $10\%$ for tensor and vector resonances, it can be as large as $(25-40)\%$ for scalar resonances. Our finding can in fact be applied to general quasi-two-body decays.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, title changed, version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Formation of a metastable phase due to the presence of impurities
Creators: name: Sear, Richard P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase transitions into a new phase that is itself metastable are common; instead of the equilibrium phase nucleating a metastable phase does so. When this occurs the system is sometimes said to be obeying Ostwald's rule. We show how this can happen when there are impurities present that reduce the barrier to heterogeneous nucleation of the metastable phase. We do so by studying a Potts lattice model using Monte Carlo simulation. Thus, which phase forms depends not only on the properties of the different phases but also on the impurities present. Understanding why systems obey Ostwald's rule may therefore require a study of the impurities present.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Journey of Women Entrepreneurs for Two decades: A Meta-analytical review
Creators: name: Aggarwal, Ansita
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2019

description: This study meta-analytically consolidates results from two decades of women entrepreneurship research. The objective of this study is to make an index of challenges, factors affecting challenges and moderators from the past studies. Tables are also drawn which would briefly disclose all of them in a meticulous manner. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) test is run on all those tables to determine the factors which are the consequential or principal one of all. Findings are relevant for practitioners (educators, policy makers) and for future research. The findings of this research would be of utmost use for the researchers who would like to carry their research forward on the same line. It will support them in recognizing a concise number of challenges and factors affecting those challenges which needs to be taken as the foundation for any future research. This research also helps in identifying all the significant moderating variables from past studies.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 39: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Distance Matrix based Crystal Structure Prediction using Evolutionary Algorithms
Creators: name: Hu, Jianjun
name: Yang, Wenhui
name: Siriwardane, Edirisuriya M. Dilanga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystal structure prediction (CSP) for inorganic materials is one of the central and most challenging problems in materials science and computational chemistry. This problem can be formulated as a global optimization problem in which global search algorithms such as genetic algorithms (GA) and particle swarm optimization have been combined with first principle free energy calculations to predict crystal structures given only a material composition or only a chemical system. These DFT based ab initio CSP algorithms are computationally demanding and can only be used to predict crystal structures of relatively small systems. The vast coordinate space plus the expensive DFT free energy calculations limits their efficiency and effectiveness. On the other hand, a similar structure prediction problem has been intensively investigated in parallel in the protein structure prediction community of bioinformatics, in which the dominating predictors are knowledge based approaches including homology modeling and threading that exploit known protein structures. Herein we explore whether known geometric constraints such as the pairwise atomic distances of a target crystal material can help predict/reconstruct its structure given its space group and lattice information. We propose DMCrystal, a genetic algorithm based crystal structure reconstruction algorithm based on predicted atomic pairwise distances. Based on extensive experiments, we show that the predicted distance matrix can dramatically help to reconstruct the crystal structure and usually achieves much better performance than CMCrystal, an atomic contact map based crystal structure prediction algorithm. This implies that knowledge of atomic interaction information learned from existing materials can be used to significantly improve the crystal structure prediction in terms of both speed and quality.
description: 15 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2008.07016
Weak ferromagnetism in Mn nanochains on the CuN surface
Creators: name: Rudenko, A. N.
name: Mazurenko, V. V.
name: Anisimov, V. I.
name: Lichtenstein, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate electronic and magnetic structures of the Mn chains supported on the CuN surface using first-principle LSDA and LDA+U calculations. The isotropic exchange integrals and anisotropic Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions between Mn atoms are calculated using Green function formalism. It is shown that the account of lattice relaxation and on-site Coulomb interaction are important for accurate description of magnetic properties of the investigated nanosystems. We predict a weak ferromagnetism phenomenon in the Mn antiferromagnetic nanochains on the CuN surface. The value of a net magnetic moment and direction of spin canting are calculated. We show that some experimental features may be explained using anisotropic exchange interactions.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Method of reproducibly predamaging float glass as a basis to determine the bending strength
Creators: name: Durchholz, Michael
name: Goer, Bernhard
name: Helmich, Gerd
Publisher: name: Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 660

description: Strength measurements on commercial float glass result in a wide range of randomly distributed values. Such a random statistical distribution leads, if extrapolated to low fracture probabilities, to unrealistically low strength values which cannot be taken as a basis for design. The following paper introduces a method of reproducibly predamaging float glass. The glass surfaces which are under tensile stress are predamaged to an extent which is not achieved in normal practical applications. This predamaging reduces the bending strength and narrows the random range of measured values. The strength tests with the following statistical evaluation of the treated float glass specimens will more easily come up to the fracture behaviour of glass in practical use and can thus be adopted as a basis for the design of float glass according to a probabilistic approach.
Ein Beitrag zur effizienten und frühzeitigen Prognose des Einflusses von Subsystemen des Antriebs und des Fahrwerks auf das Außengeräusch von Fahrzeugen
Creators: name: Landes, David
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2022
Subjects: NVH
Akustik
Simulierte Vorbeifahrt

description: Durch die Urbanisierung und die stetig steigende Anzahl der Fahrzeuge auf den Straßen weltweit wird der Verkehrslärm zu einem immer größeren Problem für die moderne Gesellschaft. Er ist dabei nicht nur eine Belästigung, sondern in dauerhafter Form eine Belastung der Einwohner. So kann Verkehrslärm zu einer physischen Beeinträchtigung führen und stellt damit ein Gesundheitsrisiko dar (Kloepfer et al., 2006). Aus diesem Grund sind Gesetzgeber bestrebt den Verkehrslärm durch Vorgaben von immer strenger werdenden Grenzwerten zu reduzieren (Verordnung (EU) Nr. 540/2014, 2014). Diese Grenzwerte stellen die Fahrzeugentwickler vor immer neue Herausforderungen. Daher nimmt der Bedarf an neuen Methoden, welche eine effiziente Erfassung und Optimierung der akustischen Eigenschaften der Subsysteme des Fahrzeugs sowie deren Einfluss auf das Gesamtsystem ermöglichen, stetig zu. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden daher Methoden für eine effiziente akustische Quantifizierung von Subsystemen unabhängig von den Umgebungsbedingungen, sowie eine Übertragbarkeit auf Gesamtsystemebene entwickelt. Hierfür wird in einem ersten Schritt eine Methode unter Anwendung von generischen Schallquellen mit einfach zu definierendem Anregungssignal entwickelt und anhand genormter Verfahren verifiziert. In einem nächsten Schritt wird diese auf Komponenten- sowie Gesamtfahrzeugprüfständen angewendet und weiterentwickelt. Dabei gilt es vor allem die hohe Komplexität der möglichen Betriebszustände auf die relevanten Anwendungsfälle zu reduzieren. Darauf folgend wird die Vorhersage des Außengeräuschs von Fahrzeugen auf Basis der entwickelten Methode untersucht. Grundlage hierfür stellt die experimentelle Transferpfadanalyse dar. Weiterhin werden Möglichkeiten für eine Simulation des außenakustischen Übertragungsverhaltens von Fahrzeugen erforscht, welche im Idealfall einen Verzicht auf physische Gesamtfahrzeug-Prototypen im Fahrzeugentwicklungsprozess ermöglichen sollen. Abschließend werden die Methoden im Kontext der PGE – Produktgenerationsentwicklung dargestellt.
Care for the caregiver : addressing the issues of palliative care providers
Creators: name: McVicar, Jonathan Duncan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of health care professionals working in a palliative care unit, who participated in a brief, client centered counselling intervention. Eight health care professionals, representing both the nursing and allied workers, received between six to twenty individual counselling sessions with a counselling psychologist. This study utilized a phenomenologically based, qualitative approach to investigate participants' experience of the counselling sessions and their perspectives on its impact in their work and personal lives over a six month period. Participants' interpretations were grouped into nine themes: Expectations of counselling, if and how expectations were met, areas of stress in the workplace, enabling factors for participants to attend counselling, main issue addressed in counselling, changes in personal or home life, changes in work environment and interactions with colleagues, changes in job satisfaction and performance, and additional comments regarding the counselling experience. Results indicated that most participants reported positive changes occurring intrapersonally, interpersonally, and in their levels of job satisfaction and job performance. Since this approach appears to merit further attention, implications for practice and further research are discussed.
Deep learning based mixed-dimensional GMM for characterizing variability in CryoEM
Creators: name: Chen, Muyuan
name: Ludtke, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Structural flexibility and/or dynamic interactions with other molecules is a critical aspect of protein function. CryoEM provides direct visualization of individual macromolecules sampling different conformational and compositional states. While numerous methods are available for computational classification of discrete states, characterization of continuous conformational changes or large numbers of discrete state without human supervision remains challenging. Here we present e2gmm, a machine learning algorithm to determine a conformational landscape for proteins or complexes using a 3-D Gaussian mixture model mapped onto 2-D particle images in known orientations. Using a deep neural network architecture, e2gmm can automatically resolve the structural heterogeneity within the protein complex and map particles onto a small latent space describing conformational and compositional changes. This system presents a more intuitive and flexible representation than other manifold methods currently in use. We demonstrate this method on both simulated data as well as three biological systems, to explore compositional and conformational changes at a range of scales. The software is distributed as part of EMAN2.
description: 31 pages, 5 main figures and 8 supplementary figures
On the connection between financial processes with stochastic volatility and nonextensive statistical mechanics
Creators: name: Queiros, Silvio M. Duarte
name: Tsallis, Constantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The $GARCH$ algorithm is the most renowned generalisation of Engle's original proposal for modelising {\it returns}, the $ARCH$ process. Both cases are characterised by presenting a time dependent and correlated variance or {\it volatility}. Besides a memory parameter, $b$, (present in $ARCH$) and an independent and identically distributed noise, $ω$, $GARCH$ involves another parameter, $c$, such that, for $c=0$, the standard $ARCH$ process is reproduced. In this manuscript we use a generalised noise following a distribution characterised by an index $q_{n}$, such that $q_{n}=1$ recovers the Gaussian distribution. Matching low statistical moments of $GARCH$ distribution for returns with a $q$-Gaussian distribution obtained through maximising the entropy $S_{q}=\frac{1-\sum_{i}p_{i}^{q}}{q-1}$, basis of nonextensive statistical mechanics, we obtain a sole analytical connection between $q$ and $(b,c,q_{n}) $ which turns out to be remarkably good when compared with computational simulations. With this result we also derive an analytical approximation for the stationary distribution for the (squared) volatility. Using a generalised Kullback-Leibler relative entropy form based on $S_{q}$, we also analyse the degree of dependence between successive returns, $z_{t}$ and $z_{t+1}$, of GARCH(1,1) processes. This degree of dependence is quantified by an entropic index, $q^{op}$. Our analysis points the existence of a unique relation between the three entropic indexes $q^{op}$, $q$ and $q_{n}$ of the problem, independent of the value of $(b,c)$.
Non-destructive testing of refractories, especially AZS materials, with ultrasound, microwaves and γ-radiation
Creators: name: Fleischmann, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 660

description: In principle four different methods (ultrasound, microwaves, γ-radiation and x-rays) are available for the non-destructive testing of refractories. Three of these methods, i. e. ultrasound, microwaves and γ-radiation, are in use by different producers of AZS materials to carry out the quaUty control of their products. This paper will compare the three methods on the basis of the physical properties, present the existing devices, and show the advantages as well as the hmits of the different methods. γ-radiography, the oldest method in use, has one main disadvantage, which is the requirement of protection against radioactive radiation. Furthermore, while cracks and cavities can be detected with this method, structural changes can not be monitored. Therefore, the ultrasonic method was developed that allows to detect variations of porosity and grain size as well as cracks and voids when the ultrasonic parameters are tuned as well as possible. As an alternative method testing with microwaves is also possible. This method, however, shows its best results when testing sintered refractory products with open porosity.
The ion-acoustic turbulence in the skin layer of the inductively coupled plasma
Creators: name: Mikhailenko, V. V.
name: Mikhailenko, V. S.
name: Lee, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theory of the nonmodal ion-acoustic instability in the skin layer of the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is developed. This instability has time dependent growth rate and is driven by the current formed in the skin layer by the accelerated motion of electrons relative to ions under the action of the ponderomotive force. It is found that the development of the ion acoustic turbulence (IAT) in the skin layer and the scattering of electrons by IAT are basic nonlinear channels of the nonlinear absorption of the RF energy in the skin layer.
description: 8 pages
Recycling of refractories from the glass manufacturing industry
Creators: name: Dunkl, Michael
Publisher: name: Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 660

description: Refractories present at the end of campaigns of glass melting furnaces are to a large part corroded, infiltrated by glass and/or have reacted to its components. In addition to the refractories heavily contaminated by melted glass and its vaporized or condensated by-products, other refractories are retrieved, often in large quantities, which are only Hghtly contaminated or not at all. Up to now the larger amount of refractories remaining after furnace campaigns have been disposed of and only a relatively small amount re used in the refractory industry (approximately 10%). Recycling of this material is, however, legally imperative, and various lightly contaminated refractories are now being recycled by some companies for re-use as refractories as well as for other applications. This paper will discuss the present situation of recycling refractories retrieved from glass melting furnaces by the glass and refractories industries with the aim of initiating the problem solving process. Based on a recent inventory it will be shown which quantities of which types of refractory materials occur in the German glass industry and with which impurities the refractories can be contaminated. Using a qualitative presentation of the impurities present in the refractories retrieved from different parts of the furnace and different types of glasses, various possibilities for recycling will be discussed. Not yet existant, basic requirements and the necessity of corresponding research will be indicated. Successful and far-reaching solutions of these problems must be the common goal of the glass and refractory industries.
On-line determination of the iron concentration in industrial amber glass melts
Creators: name: Müller-Simon, Hayo
name: Mergler, Kurt Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 660

description: A sensor has been developed in order to measure the concentration of polyvalent elements on-hne in industrial glass melts. The sensor has been tested on iron in an amber glass melt. A method has been developed in order to determine the area of the measuring electrode, which can change due to glass level variation. The accuracy of the iron determination by means of the voltammetric sensor has been found half the accuracy of x-ray fluorescence analysis.
Women Leaders and Narratives: The Power of Reflecting on Purpose and Career
Creators: name: Smith, Deborah Nelson
name: Suby-Long, Sallie
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2019

description: This qualitative study explored ten women leaders' perspectives about the processes associated with constructing their leadership and purpose stories or narratives. The study participants first wrote, and then talked about their stories in a semi-structured interview. An overarching theme emerged from the data - narrative sharing was a challenging, yet beneficial process for the participants. Three sub-themes also emerged from the collective narratives. First, the process of reflection helped women identify times when their actions and decisions were purposeful, even though they may not have recognized it at the time. Second, reflection on purpose led participants to a clearer identification and articulation of leadership philosophy. Third, citing that sharing their narratives helped them identify times of leadership authenticity, participants indicated they intended to use similar practices to make current and future leadership/career decisions. Recommendations are included for organizations, educational institutions, and individuals who are interested in using narrative sharing as a leadership development tool.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 39: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
The continuum elastic and atomistic viewpoints on the formation volume and strain energy of a point defect
Creators: name: Garikipati, K.
name: Falk, M. L.
name: Bouville, M.
name: Puchala, B.
name: Narayanan, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the roles of continuum linear elasticity and atomistic calculations in determining the formation volume and the strain energy of formation of a point defect in a crystal. Our considerations bear special relevance to defect formation under stress. The elasticity treatment is based on the Green's function solution for a center of contraction or expansion in an anisotropic solid. It makes possible the precise definition of a formation volume tensor and leads to an extension of Eshelby's result for the work done by an external stress during the transformation of a continuum inclusion (Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. Ser. A, 241 (1226) 376, 1957). Parameters necessary for a complete continuum calculation of elastic fields around a point defect are obtained by comparing with an atomistic solution in the far field. However, an elasticity result makes it possible to test the validity of the formation volume that is obtained via atomistic calculations under various boundary conditions. It also yields the correction term for formation volume calculated under these boundary conditions. Using two types of boundary conditions commonly employed in atomistic calculations, a comparison is also made of the strain energies of formation predicted by continuum elasticity and atomistic calculations. The limitations of the continuum linear elastic treatment are revealed by comparing with atomistic calculations of the formation volume and strain energies of small crystals enclosing point defects.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures, submitted to the Journal of Mechanics and Physics of Solids
Custodial Symmetry (Violation) in SMEFT
Creators: name: Kribs, Graham D.
name: Lu, Xiaochuan
name: Martin, Adam
name: Tong, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate precision observables sensitive to custodial symmetric/violating UV physics beyond the Standard Model. We use the SMEFT framework which in general includes non-oblique corrections that requires a generalization of the Peskin-Takeuchi $T$ parameter to unambiguously detect custodial symmetry/violation. We take a first step towards constructing a SMEFT reparameterization-invariant replacement, that we call $\mathscr{T}$, valid at least for tree-level custodial violating contributions. We utilize a new custodial basis of $ν$SMEFT (SMEFT augmented by right-handed neutrinos) which explicitly identifies the global $SU(2)_R$ symmetries of the Higgs and fermion sectors, that in turn permits easy identification of higher-dimensional operators that are custodial preserving or violating. We carefully consider equation-of-motion redundancies that cause custodial symmetric operators in one basis to be equivalent to a set of custodial symmetric and/or violating operators in another basis. Utilizing known results about tree/loop operator generation, we demonstrate that the basis-dependent appearance of custodial-violating operators does not invalidate our $\mathscr{T}$ parameter at tree-level. We illustrate our results with several UV theory examples, demonstrating that $\mathscr{T}$ faithfully identifies custodial symmetry violation, while $T$ can fail.
description: 35 pages + appendices, 7 tables
Beyond Colleagues: Women Leaders and Work Relationships
Creators: name: Davidson, Sherwin
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2018

description: Framed by the Stone Center's relational-cultural theory (Fletcher, 2007), which proposes that mutual growth occurs through connection, this qualitative exploratory study examines relationships with women colleagues that contribute to the quality of women's leadership experiences in higher education. Women leaders are affected by gendered organizational culture and by stereotypes of leadership that are predominantly male. They also face contradictions concerning their relationships with each other. Women are perceived to be relationally-oriented and socially responsive, but also back-biting and competitive; expected to show relational skills, but with no acknowledgement of what their skills contribute to organizations; expected to practice solidarity but also perceived as "queen bees." In the face of these contradictions, interviews with 15 women in leadership at five U.S. universities illuminate the character and contributions of select relationships that women leaders themselves identify as contributing factors to the quality of their leadership experiences. Ten benefits, which accrue both to the women and their institutions, emerged. Two of these benefits are: (1) strategizing and problem-solving; and (2) clarity of ideas, knowledge, and perspective. The benefits loosely align with the five positive outcomes associated with the Stone Center's relational-cultural model. Results offer alternative ways to think about women leaders' work-related relationships, recasting the usually invisible skills women bring to them as skills critical to enhancing their leadership, beneficial to the organization, and a means of challenging the status quo of gendered institutional culture. Keywords: women, leadership, colleagues, relational-cultural theory, support, friendship, work relationships
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 38 (2018)
Characterization of filter dust in the glass container industry and definition of its influence on green glass melts
Creators: name: Krauß, Manfred
name: Lenhart, Armin
name: Ratka, Heiko
name: Kircher, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 660

description: Filter dust in the container glass industry is continuously and almost completely recycled in the original source tanks. However, problems sometimes occur, with this practice, in green glass furnaces, which can be put down to the fluctuating redox levels of the filter dust. The characterization of the dust shows that the determination of the levels of chemical oxygen demand and of sulphite content is insufficient to assess the redox effect in the glass melts. Therefore, melting experiments with green glass batches containing filter dust were carried out on a laboratory scale. Surprisingly, in all cases the experiments led to a light oxidation of the glasses by the filter dust. The reason for this is considered to be the sulphate content in the dust and possibly the oxidation of the sulphite to sulphate under laboratory conditions. Individual cases of reduction by filter dust, as observed in practice, could be possibly due to sulphide in the dust or to a high content of carbon in the glass cullet used. These could also be attributable to fluctuations in production conditions or to the amount of moisture in the old glass cullet.