cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Genotoxic effects of food contact recycled paperboard extracts on two human hepatic cell lines
Creators: name: Souton, Emilie
name: Severin, Isabelle
name: Hegarat, Ludovic Le
name: Hogeveen, Kevin
name: Abdulhadi Aljawish
name: Fessard, Valérie
name: Chagnon Marie-Christine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Food contact paperboards may be a potential source of food contamination as they can release chemicals (intentionally added or not), especially recycled paperboards. This study assessed the in vitro genotoxicity of food contact paperboard samples from a manufacturer, collected at the beginning and at the end of a recycling production chain. Samples were extracted in water to mimic a wet food contact. Different genotoxic endpoints were evaluated in two human hepatic cell lines (HepG2 and HepaRG) using bioassays: γH2AX and p53 activation, primary DNA damage with the comet assay and micronucleus formation. It was found that the samples from the beginning and the end of the production chain induced, with the same potency, γH2AX and p53-ser15 activation and DNA damage with the comet assay. The micronucleus assay was negative with the paperboard extract from the beginning of the chain, whereas positive data were observed for the end paperboard extract. These results indicate that samples from recycled food contact paperboard can induce in vitro genotoxic effects in this study’s experimental conditions.
Magnetic order multilayering in FeRh thin films by He-Ion irradiation
Creators: name: S. P. Bennett
name: A. Herklotz
name: C. D. Cress
name: A. Ievlev
name: C. M. Rouleau
name: I. I. Mazin
name: V. Lauter
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The heterointerfacing of different materials with competing magnetic orders forms the basis for today’s spintronic devices, however materials compatibility has remained a major limitation to the conception of new multilayered systems. Here, we uncover a multilayer of competing magnetic orders within a single layer of FeRh after low-energy He-ion irradiation: metamagnetic, ferromagnetic, and spin glass. Polarized neutron reflectometry, irradiation modeling, and density functional theory calculations reveal a direct correlation between the disorder concentration, the depth-dependent magnetic ordering, and the onset of the metamagnetic transition. Such a heterostructure opens the door to new paradigms in antiferromagnetic electronics and ultra-low-power magnetization controllability. IMPACT STATEMENT This unlocks the possible use of intrinsic magnetism as a state-variable for logical computation via a top-down approach to the multilayering/control of magnetic order in a single metamagnetic thin film.
Magnetic order multilayering in FeRh thin films by the He-ion irradiation
Creators: name: S. P. Bennett
name: A. Herklotz
name: C. D. Cress
name: A. Ievlev
name: C. M. Rouleau
name: I. I. Mazin
name: V. Lauter
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The heterointerfacing of different materials with competing magnetic orders forms the basis for today’s spintronic devices, however materials compatibility has remained a major limitation to the conception of new multilayered systems. Here, we uncover a multilayer of competing magnetic orders within a single layer of FeRh after low-energy He-ion irradiation: metamagnetic, ferromagnetic, and spin glass. Polarized neutron reflectometry, irradiation modeling, and density functional theory calculations reveal a direct correlation between the disorder concentration, the depth-dependent magnetic ordering, and the onset of the metamagnetic transition. Such a heterostructure opens the door to new paradigms in antiferromagnetic electronics and ultra-low-power magnetization controllability. IMPACT STATEMENT This unlocks the possible use of intrinsic magnetism as a state-variable for logical computation via a top-down approach to the multilayering/control of magnetic order in a single metamagnetic thin film.
Partial actions and proper extensions of two-sided restriction semigroups
Creators: name: Dokuchaev, Mikhailo
name: Khrypchenko, Mykola
name: Kudryavtseva, Ganna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a structure result on proper extensions of two-sided restriction semigroups in terms of partial actions, generalizing respective results for monoids and for inverse semigroups and upgrading the latter. We introduce and study several classes of partial actions of two-sided restriction semigroups that generalize partial actions of monoids and of inverse semigroups. We establish an adjunction between the category ${\mathcal{P}}(S)$ of proper extensions of a restriction semigroup (or, in particular, an inverse semigroup) $S$ and a category ${\mathcal{A}}(S)$ of partial actions of $S$ subject to certain conditions going back to the work of O'Carroll. In the category ${\mathcal{A}}(S)$, we specify two isomorphic subcategories, one being reflective and the other one coreflective, each of which is equivalent to the category ${\mathcal{P}}(S)$.
description: 32 pages; revised version
Shareholders Value Creation and Measurement: Approaches
Creators: name: C, Sankar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 150101 Accounting Theory and Standards
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150301 Business Information Management (incl. Records, Knowledge and Information Management, and Intelligence)

description: This paper aims to explain what shareholder value creation means, how the present emphasison shareholder value measurement as a strategic initiative has developed in management practiceand the present day tools and techniques of shareholder value creation and measurement. Theshareholder value creation approach helps to strengthen the competitive position o f the firm byfocusing on wealth creation. It provides an objective and consistent framework o f evaluationand decision-making across all functions, departments and units o f the firm. It can be easilyimplemented since cashflow data can be obtained by suitably adapting the firm ’s existing systemo f financial projection and planning. The only additional input needed is the cost o f capital. Theadoption o f the shareholder value creation approach does require a change o f the mind-set, andeducating the managers about the shareholder value approach and its implementation.
Heat kernel: proper time method, Fock-Schwinger gauge, path integral representation, and Wilson line
Creators: name: Ivanov, A. V.
name: Kharuk, N. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proper time method plays an important role in modern mathematics and physics. It includes many approaches, each of which has its pros and cons. This work is devoted to the description of one model case, which reflects the subtleties of construction and can be extended to a more general cases (curved space, manifold with boundary), and contains two interrelated parts: asymptotic expansion and path intergal representation. The paper discusses in details the importance of gauge conditions and role of the ordered exponentials, gives the proof of a new non-recursive formula for the Seeley-DeWitt coefficients on the diagonal, as well as the equivalence of the two main approaches using the exponential formula.
description: LaTeX, 20 pages
Projekt Libery i Foksa.pdf
Creators: name: Bielak, Tomasz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 200212 Screen and Media Culture
subject: FOS: Other humanities
subject: 200104 Media Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 130201 Creative Arts, Media and Communication Curriculum and Pedagogy
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 190203 Electronic Media Art
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Article from Obrazy doświadczania by Aleksandra Kunce (ed)
title: Dose Monitoring in Interventional Neuroradiology in clinical situations of Stroke with thrombectomy procedure: establishment of Local Diagnostic Reference Levels
Creators: name: Santos, Joana
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Radiographers
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Purpose or learning objective
Methods or background
Results or findings
Conclusion
References
Personal information and conflict of interest
description: Purpose or learning objective:
Stroke is a medical emergency and is currently the leading cause of death and permanent disability in seberal European countries. Interventional neuroradiology procedures are minimally invasive, however they are guided by fluoroscopy using ionizing...
title: Experimental study to optimise mammography procedures
Creators: name: Santos, Joana
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Mammography
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Purpose or learning objective
Methods or background
Results or findings
Conclusion
References
Personal information and conflict of interest
description: Purpose or learning objective:
Mammography is a low-dose X-radiation examination, which is very important in the diagnosis of breast cancer, being the standard examination for the screening of this type of cancer 1,2 . Quality control tests performed with phantoms are an...
title: Comparison of patient radiation dose of computed tomography coronary angiography between dual-source and wide-detector scanners
Creators: name: Li, Kwan Wai
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CAD
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Purpose or learning objective
Methods or background
Results or findings
Conclusion
References
Personal information and conflict of interest
description: Purpose or learning objective:
Noninvasive computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) is a good alternative to invasive coronary angiography and has been increasing used in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, CTCA requires very high temporal resolution...
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome III, Cart. 187 (11 H 72), f. 007
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome III, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 187 (11 H 72), f. 007, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome III, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 187 (11 H 72), f. 007, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Stakeholder engagement and multi-criteria decision aiding in the electricity transmission grid reinforcement: evidence from a role-playing game
Creators: name: Späth, Leonhard
name: Amodeo, Elisa
name: Luè, Alessandro
name: Muratori, Simona
name: Scolobig, Anna
name: Patt, Anthony
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In many countries, any substantial increase in the share of renewable energy will require a reinforcement of the electricity transmission grid. We examine the value added by Multi-Criteria Decision Aiding (MCDA), which may support decisions on corridor alternatives for grid reinforcement by including stakeholder preferences. We present the results of a role-playing game to verify whether stakeholders can agree on a priority ranking of criteria for MCDA and whether this agreement can foster acceptance for the outcome of the process. Our results show that agreement among participants on criteria ranking during a common elicitation of the importance of criteria is significantly related to acceptance of the outcome as provided by the MCDA. Additionally, this method creates a common ground for generating acceptable solutions for subsequent steps in planning transmission lines. Our findings suggest that MCDA may generate higher stakeholder acceptance through the common and active inclusion of different actors in grid planning decisions.
title: Simple yet useful CT dose management program
Creators: name: Huh, Suhku
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Education and training
subject: Quality assurance

description: Purpose or learning objective
Methods or background
Results or findings
Conclusion
References
Personal information and conflict of interest
description: Purpose or learning objective:
There are already several CT radiation dose management programs. We introduce Yet Another Radiation Dose Extractor and Reporter (YADER), a free open-source program....
Surfactant-intercalated smectite modified electrode: sensitive electrochemical detection of methyl orange dye
Creators: name: Tcheumi, Hervé L.
name: B. Ramesh Babu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This work describes the use of organosmectite modified electrode to evaluate the electrochemical behaviour and to develop an electroanalytical procedure for the determination of methyl orange (MO) dye in natural water. Organosmectites were prepared by intercalation of hexadecyltrimethylammonium cations at various ratios into the interlayer of smectite. The synthesised organosmectites were characterised by various physicochemical techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. An amperometric sensor based on organosmectite as electrode modifier for MO sensing purposes was then evaluated by means of clay-film modified electrode using square wave voltammetry (SWV). The electrochemical procedure for MO analysis by stripping voltammetry involves two successive steps: accumulation of MO at open circuit conditions followed by a voltammetric detection in a same medium by the SWV technique. The peak current obtained (after 5 min preconcentration of 15 µmol L−1 MO solution) on a glassy carbon electrode coated by a thin film of the modified clay was more than 2.5 times higher than that exhibited by the same substrate covered by a film of the pristine clay. Under optimised conditions, a linear calibration curve for MO was obtained in the concentration range from 0.1 to 1.6 µmol L−1, leading to a detection limit of 4 × 10−8 mol L−1 (signal-to-noise ratio equal to 3). The interfering effect of various inorganic and organic ions likely to influence the stripping determination of the MO was also examined. To further validate application of this sensor, the proposed method was successfully used to the determination of MO in natural water with satisfactory results.
Characterization of biochemical traits of dog rose (Rosa canina L.) ecotypes in the central part of Iran
Creators: name: Javanmard, Milad
name: Asadi-Gharneh, Hossein Ali
name: Nikneshan, Pejman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Dog rose (Rosa canina L.) is a wild native species in Iran, with a significant genetic diversity. This plant serves as a rich source of vitamin C, anthocyanins, phenolic contents and carotenoids. Rose hips have been used in several food products, as well as perfumery and cosmetics industries. In this research, we investigate biochemical characteristics of five dog rose ecotypes (Kopehjamshid, Zarneh, Miyankish, Aghcheh and Sadeghiyeh), that were collected from the central part of Iran (Isfahan province). Amounts of vitamin C, total carotenoids, total phenolic contents, total anthocyanins, macro and micro minerals were measured. Seed oil are extracted by soxhlet method and analysed by gas chromatography. The macro and micro minerals levels in the fruit vary significantly among these regions. The results of this study demonstrate that dog rose have great diversity and can be used in breeding programmes in order to increase nutrient values as a food resource additive.
ITSO: A novel Inverse Transform Sampling-based Optimization algorithm for stochastic search
Creators: name: Bakas, Nikolaos P.
name: Plevris, Vagelis
name: Langousis, Andreas
name: Chatzichristofis, Savvas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Optimization algorithms appear in the core calculations of numerous Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning methods, as well as Engineering and Business applications. Following recent works on the theoretical deficiencies of AI, a rigor context for the optimization problem of a \textit{black-box} objective function is developed. The algorithm stems directly from the theory of probability, instead of a presumed inspiration, thus the convergence properties of the proposed methodology are inherently stable. In particular, the proposed optimizer utilizes an algorithmic implementation of the $n$-dimensional inverse transform sampling as a search strategy. No control parameters are required to be tuned, and the trade-off among exploration and exploitation is by definition satisfied. A theoretical proof is provided, concluding that only falling into the proposed framework, either directly or incidentally, any optimization algorithm converges in the fastest possible time. The numerical experiments, verify the theoretical results on the efficacy of the algorithm apropos reaching the optimum, as fast as possible.
title: Setting local dose reference levels in computed tomography (CT) with a dose management software
Creators: name: Perez Fernandez, Maria
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: CT
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Physics
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Purpose or learning objective
Methods or background
Results or findings
Conclusion
References
Personal information and conflict of interest
description: Purpose or learning objective:
To audit the doses administered in computed tomography (CT), comparing procedure dose indicators with European and national DRLs, and to establish local dose reference levels to e nsure the dose optimization level achieved is maintained over...
Two-Loop Cutoff Renormalization of 4-D Yang-Mills Effective Action
Creators: name: Ivanov, A. V.
name: Kharuk, N. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the paper we study the Yang-Mills effective action in the four-dimensional space-time by using background field formalism. We give an explicit way of cutoff regularization procedure, then do a two-loop renormalization and calculate a second $β$-function coefficient. We also show that the two-loop singularity contains only logarithmic part in the first degree. At the same time additional properties of a Green function regular part are obtained.
description: LaTeX, 25 pages, 1 figure
title: Inter equipment dosimetric comparisons as a mean of dose optimization in CT procedures
Creators: name: Molina, Carlos
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: CT
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Quality assurance

description: Purpose or learning objective
Methods or background
Results or findings
Conclusion
References
Personal information and conflict of interest
description: Purpose or learning objective:
Tremendous growth in the use of computed tomography (CT) procedures has taken place over the last three decades (Smith-Bindman et al., 2023), with an estimated 91 million scans performed in the United States in 2019 (IMV Medical Information...
The Washington, D.C. 1991 Riots in Mount Pleasant: An Analysis of Local Press Coverage
Creators: name: Lima, Christina C.
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 1993

description: Studies in the field of communication have found that the U.S.A. mainstream (English-language) news media coverage of minorities is characterized primarily by the portrayal of minorities only in the context of the problems or difficulties that they pose to society. In addition, because of cultural values and customs, the media, when covering minorities, tend to focus on the event itself rather than on the underlying causes of the event. Thus the coverage tends to be stereotypical. In order to address these issues, this thesis analyses the content of coverage of the 1991, Washington, D.C. Mount Pleasant civil disturbances in two English- and two Spanish-language newspapers. A quantitative content analysis was employed in order to determine the extent and type of coverage provided to Latinos two weeks before the disturbances, the week of the disturbances, and the week after the disturbances. For the same period, a thematic content analysis was used to contrast the frameworks used by the English-language press in comparison to the Spanish-language press. The assumption was that by having cultural proximity to and understanding of the Latino Community, the Spanish-language press provided a more thorough coverage of the event. The results, however, show that both presses failed to provide a comprehensive coverage of the event. In fact, the results seem to indicate that both presses followed journalistic news values and patterns more closely than they followed cultural values. The most notable difference between the two presses was that they incorporated the news values and patterns into their own cultural bias.
Topological Entropy for Arbitrary Subsets of Infinite Product Spaces
Creators: name: Sadr, Maysam Maysami
name: Shahrestani, Mina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37B40, 54C70

description: In this note a notion of generalized topological entropy for arbitrary subsets of the space of all sequences in a compact topological space is introduced. It is shown that for a continuous map on a compact space the generalized topological entropy of the set of all orbits of the map coincides with the classical topological entropy of the map. Some basic properties of this new notion of entropy are considered; among them are: the behavior of the entropy with respect to disjoint union, cartesian product, component restriction and dilation, shift mapping, and some continuity properties with respect to Vietoris topology. As an example, it is shown that any self-similar structure of a fractal given by a finite family of contractions gives rise to a notion of intrinsic topological entropy for subsets of the fractal. A generalized notion of Bowen's entropy associated to any increasing sequence of compatible semimetrics on a topological space is introduced and some of its basic properties are considered. As a special case for $1\leq p\leq\infty$ the Bowen $p$-entropy of sets of sequences of any metric space is introduced. It is shown that the notions of generalized topological entropy and Bowen $\infty$-entropy for compact metric spaces coincide.
description: Keywords: topological entropy, Bowen entropy, space of infinite-sequences of a compact space
A single measurement scheme for quantum work statistics based on coherent or squeezing state
Creators: name: Xu, Bao-Ming
name: Zou, Jian
name: Tu, Zhan-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to investigate the role of initial quantum coherence in work probability distribution, it is necessary to explicitly consider a concrete measurement apparatus to record work rather than implicitly appealing to perform an energy measurement. In this paper, we consider a harmonic oscillator with coherent or squeezing state as measurement apparatus, and propose a unified framework of quantum work statistics for arbitrary initial state. We find that work is proportional to the change of the real part of coherent state parameter, i.e., quantum work can be estimated by the coherent state parameter. The resulting work probability distribution includes the initial quantum coherence, and can be reduced to result of traditional two projective energy measurement scheme (TPM) by squeezing the state of the harmonic oscillator. As an application, we consider a driven two-level system and investigate the effects of driving velocity on work statistics. We find that only when the driving velocity matches the transition frequency of the system can initial quantum coherence play an important role.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, added clarifications and minor corrections, comments are welcome
Truncated Nonsmooth Newton Multigrid for phase-field brittle-fracture problems, with analysis
Creators: name: Gräser, Carsten
name: Kienle, Daniel
name: Sander, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74R05, 74S05, 65K15

description: We propose the Truncated Nonsmooth Newton Multigrid Method (TNNMG) as a solver for the spatial problems of the small-strain brittle-fracture phase-field equations. TNNMG is a nonsmooth multigrid method that can solve biconvex, block-separably nonsmooth minimization problems with linear time complexity. It exploits the variational structure inherent in the problem, and handles the pointwise irreversibility constraint on the damage variable directly, without regularization or the introduction of a local history field. In the paper we introduce the method and show how it can be applied to several established models of phase-field brittle fracture. We then prove convergence of the solver to a solution of the nonsmooth Euler--Lagrange equations of the spatial problem for any load and initial iterate. On the way, we show several crucial convexity and regularity properties of the models considered here. Numerical comparisons to an operator-splitting algorithm show a considerable speed increase, without loss of robustness.
description: Replaced numerical tests, the old ones were buggy
title: Audit of compliance with National Diagnostic Reference Levels in an Irish tertiary referral teaching hospital
Creators: name: O'Regan, James
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: CT
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Quality assurance

description: Purpose or learning objective
Methods or background
Results or findings
Conclusion
References
Personal information and conflict of interest
description: Purpose or learning objective:
In the context of the exponential rise in the utilisation of ionising radiation in medical imaging, particularly in the form of computed tomography (CT), National Diagnostic Reference Levels (NDRLs) have been developed to guide radiology department...
Quotients of the Booleanization of an inverse semigroup
Creators: name: Kudryavtseva, Ganna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce $X$-to-join representations of inverse semigroups which are a relaxation of the notion of a cover-to-join representation. We construct the universal $X$-to-join Booleanization of an inverse semigroup $S$ as a weakly meet-preserving quotient of the universal Booleanization ${\mathrm B}(S)$ and show that all such quotients of ${\mathrm B}(S)$ arise via $X$-to-join representaions. As an application, we provide groupoid models for the intermediate boundary quotients of the $C^*$-algebra of a Zappa-Szép product right LCM semigroup by Brownlowe, Ramagge, Robertson and Whittaker.
description: 19 pages
Index Theorem for Domain Walls
Creators: name: Ivanov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The paper is devoted to the discussion of index theorem for domain walls condition. We give an extension of the theorem to the case, when not only Yang-Mills connection components have a jump on some surface of co-dimension 1, but also components of a Riemannian connection, while a metric remains continuous.
description: LaTeX, 5 pages, the second version contains some changes (definition and notations)
title: Is CT necessary or not? - a cross-sectional study of exposure to ionising radiation in paediatric trauma patients
Creators: name: Gentile, Simona
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Trauma
subject: CT
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Acute
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Trauma

description: Purpose or learning objective
Methods or background
Results or findings
Conclusion
References
Personal information and conflict of interest
description: Purpose or learning objective:
Children are more sensitive than adults to the potential carcinogenic effects of ionising radiation, due to the radiosensitivity of their developing organs and tissues together with the longer life expectancy, meaning more time to develop...
Iterative Pre-Conditioning for Expediting the Gradient-Descent Method: The Distributed Linear Least-Squares Problem
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Kushal
name: Gupta, Nirupam
name: Chopra, Nikhil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper considers the multi-agent linear least-squares problem in a server-agent network. In this problem, the system comprises multiple agents, each having a set of local data points, that are connected to a server. The goal for the agents is to compute a linear mathematical model that optimally fits the collective data points held by all the agents, without sharing their individual local data points. This goal can be achieved, in principle, using the server-agent variant of the traditional iterative gradient-descent method. The gradient-descent method converges linearly to a solution, and its rate of convergence is lower bounded by the conditioning of the agents' collective data points. If the data points are ill-conditioned, the gradient-descent method may require a large number of iterations to converge.
 We propose an iterative pre-conditioning technique that mitigates the deleterious effect of the conditioning of data points on the rate of convergence of the gradient-descent method. We rigorously show that the resulting pre-conditioned gradient-descent method, with the proposed iterative pre-conditioning, achieves superlinear convergence when the least-squares problem has a unique solution. In general, the convergence is linear with improved rate of convergence in comparison to the traditional gradient-descent method and the state-of-the-art accelerated gradient-descent methods. We further illustrate the improved rate of convergence of our proposed algorithm through experiments on different real-world least-squares problems in both noise-free and noisy computation environment.
description: Update: figures for the rest of the datasets have been added
TRH receptor mobility in the plasma membrane is strongly affected by agonist binding and by interaction with some cognate signaling proteins
Creators: name: Moravcova, Radka
name: Melkes, Barbora
name: Jiri Novotny
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objectives: Extensive research has been dedicated to elucidating the mechanisms of signal transduction through different G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). However, relatively little is known about the regulation of receptor movement within the cell membrane upon ligand binding. In this study we focused our attention on the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) receptor that typically couples to Gq/11 proteins. Methods: We monitored receptor diffusion in the plasma membrane of HEK293 cells stably expressing yellow fluorescent protein (YFP)-tagged TRH receptor (TRHR-YFP) by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP). Results: FRAP analysis indicated that the lateral movement of the TRH receptor was markedly reduced upon TRH binding as the value of its diffusion coefficient fell down by 55%. This effect was prevented by the addition of the TRH receptor antagonist midazolam. We also found that siRNA-mediated knockdown of Gq/11α, Gβ, β-arrestin2 and phospholipase Cβ1, but not of Giα1, β-arrestin1 or G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2, resulted in a significant decrease in the rate of TRHR-YFP diffusion, indicating the involvement of the former proteins in the regulation of TRH receptor behavior. The observed partial reduction of the TRHR-YFP mobile fraction caused by down-regulation of Giα1 and β-arrestin1 suggests that these proteins may also play distinct roles in THR receptor-mediated signaling. Conclusion: These results demonstrate for the first time that not only agonist binding but also abundance of some signaling proteins may strongly affect TRH receptor dynamics in the plasma membrane.
MPEC 2024-U202 : 2024 UO6
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 UO6

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Regularizing effect of absorption terms in singular and degenerate elliptic problems
Creators: name: Sbai, Abdelaaziz
name: Hadfi, Youssef El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A21, 35B20, 35B25, 35B45, 35D30, 35J60, 35J70, 35J75

description: In this paper we study the existence and regularity of solutions to the following singular problem \begin{equation} \left\{ \begin{array}{lll} &-\displaystyle\mbox{div} \big(a(x,u)|\nabla u|^{p-2}|\nabla u|\big) + |u|^{s-1}u =\frac{f}{u^γ} &\mbox{ in } Ω\\ &u>0 &\mbox{ in }Ω\\ &u=0 &\mbox{ on } δΩ\end{array} \right. \end{equation} proving that the lower order term $u|u|^{s-1}$ has some regularizing effects on the solutions in the case of an elliptic operator with degenerate coercivity.
title: Pediatric patient dose in full spine digital radiography: evaluation of a new detector
Creators: name: GARCIA CASTAÑON, PAULA
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Purpose or learning objective
Methods or background
Results or findings
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Personal information and conflict of interest
description: Purpose or learning objective:
Radiography remains the mainstay of diagnosis and evaluation of scoliosis, giving the ability to image the entire spine in the standing patient in order to appreciate the scoliotic deformity. Standing radiographs allow more reliable radiographic...
On the homotopy type of the space of metrics of positive scalar curvature
Creators: name: Ebert, Johannes
name: Wiemeler, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $M^d$ be a simply connected spin manifold of dimension $d \geq 5$ admitting Riemannian metrics of positive scalar curvature. Denote by $\mathcal{R}^+(M^d)$ the space of such metrics on $M^d$. We show that $\mathcal{R}^+(M^d)$ is homotopy equivalent to $\mathcal{R}^+(S^d)$, where $S^d$ denotes the $d$-dimensional sphere with standard smooth structure.
 We also show a similar result for simply connected non-spin manifolds $M^d$ with $d\geq 5$ and $d\neq 8$. In this case let $W^d$ be the total space of the non-trivial $S^{d-2}$-bundle with structure group $SO(d-1)$ over $S^2$. Then $\mathcal{R}^+(M^d)$ is homotopy equivalent to $\mathcal{R}^+(W^d)$.
description: final version, to appear in J. Eur. Math. Soc
Seeking Consensus on Subspaces in Federated Principal Component Analysis
Creators: name: Wang, Lei
name: Liu, Xin
name: Zhang, Yin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we develop an algorithm for federated principal component analysis (PCA) with emphases on both communication efficiency and data privacy. Generally speaking, federated PCA algorithms based on direct adaptations of classic iterative methods, such as simultaneous subspace iterations (SSI), are unable to preserve data privacy, while algorithms based on variable-splitting and consensus-seeking, such as alternating direction methods of multipliers (ADMM), lack in communication-efficiency. In this work, we propose a novel consensus-seeking formulation by equalizing subspaces spanned by splitting variables instead of equalizing variables themselves, thus greatly relaxing feasibility restrictions and allowing much faster convergence. Then we develop an ADMM-like algorithm with several special features to make it practically efficient, including a low-rank multiplier formula and techniques for treating subproblems. We establish that the proposed algorithm can better protect data privacy than classic methods adapted to the federated PCA setting. We derive convergence results, including a worst-case complexity estimate, for the proposed ADMM-like algorithm in the presence of the nonlinear equality constraints. Extensive empirical results are presented to show that the new algorithm, while enhancing data privacy, requires far fewer rounds of communication than existing peer algorithms for federated PCA.
Data-Driven Random Access Optimization in Multi-Cell IoT Networks with NOMA
Creators: name: Khairy, Sami
name: Balaprakash, Prasanna
name: Cai, Lin X.
name: Poor, H. Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a key technology to enable massive machine type communications (mMTC) in 5G networks and beyond. In this paper, NOMA is applied to improve the random access efficiency in high-density spatially-distributed multi-cell wireless IoT networks, where IoT devices contend for accessing the shared wireless channel using an adaptive p-persistent slotted Aloha protocol. To enable a capacity-optimal network, a novel formulation of random channel access management is proposed, in which the transmission probability of each IoT device is tuned to maximize the geometric mean of users' expected capacity. It is shown that the network optimization objective is high dimensional and mathematically intractable, yet it admits favourable mathematical properties that enable the design of efficient data-driven algorithmic solutions which do not require a priori knowledge of the channel model or network topology. A centralized model-based algorithm and a scalable distributed model-free algorithm, are proposed to optimally tune the transmission probabilities of IoT devices and attain the maximum capacity. The convergence of the proposed algorithms to the optimal solution is further established based on convex optimization and game-theoretic analysis. Extensive simulations demonstrate the merits of the novel formulation and the efficacy of the proposed algorithms.
description: This work has been submitted to the IEEE for possible publication
title: Benefits and limitations for the use of radiation dose management systems in a central hospital
Creators: name: Machado, Cláudia
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Professional issues
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Education and training
subject: Quality assurance

description: Purpose or learning objective
Methods or background
Results or findings
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description: Purpose or learning objective:
Natural radiation and artificial sources of radiation from medical applications are the main sources of radiation exposure for the world's population. The exponential increase in patient exposure in the last decade has made it essential to keep...
Distributed Quantum Computing and Network Control for Accelerated VQE
Creators: name: DiAdamo, Stephen
name: Ghibaudi, Marco
name: Cruise, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Interconnecting small quantum computers will be essential in the future for creating large scale, robust quantum computers. Methods for distributing monolithic quantum algorithms efficiently are thus needed. In this work we consider an approach for distributing the accelerated variational quantum eigensolver (AVQE) algorithm over arbitrary sized - in terms of number of qubits - distributed quantum computers. We consider approaches for distributing qubit assignments of the Ansatz states required to estimate the expectation value of Hamiltonian operators in quantum chemistry in a parallelized computation and provide a systematic approach to generate distributed quantum circuits for distributed quantum computing. Moreover, we propose an architecture for a distributed quantum control system in the settings of centralized and decentralized network control.
description: This work has been submitted to the IEEE for possible publication
title: EuroSafe Imaging (ESI) Stars – Evaluation of the implementation of radiation protection activities
Creators: name: Kainberger, Franz
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Professional issues
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Plain radiographic studies
subject: Ethics
subject: Education and training

description: Purpose or learning objective
Methods or background
Results or findings
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Personal information and conflict of interest
description: Purpose or learning objective:
- To check if the implementation meets the requirements of the EU Basic Safety Standards Directive (BSSD) - to relate it to clinical audit - Assess integration into a modern safety...
title: Knowledge, experience and opinions of radiology staff and healthcare students on artificial intelligence in radiology
Creators: name: Justić, Mihaela
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: CT
subject: Digital radiography
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Education and training

description: Purpose or learning objective
Methods or background
Results or findings
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Personal information and conflict of interest
description: Purpose or learning objective:
Artificial intelligence (AI) becomes a very popular term recently. Information of AI is now frequently given in media with amazing, but sometimes contradictory information The scientific literature is also full of interesting and promising things...