cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum Monte Carlo study of confined fermions in one-dimensional optical lattices
Creators: name: Rigol, Marcos
name: Muramatsu, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations we study the ground-state properties of the one-dimensional fermionic Hubbard model in traps with an underlying lattice. Since due to the confining potential the density is space dependent, Mott-insulating domains always coexist with metallic regions, such that global quantities are not appropriate to describe the system. We define a local compressibility that characterizes the Mott-insulating regions and analyze other local quantities. It is shown that the momentum distribution function, a quantity that is commonly considered in experiments, fails in giving a clear signal of the Mott-insulator transition. Furthermore, we analyze a mean-field approach to these systems and compare it with the numerically exact QMC results. Finally, we determine a generic form for the phase diagram that allows us to predict the phases to be observed in the experiments.
description: RevTex file, 13 pages, 19 figures, published version
Eumunida bella de Saint Laurent & Macpherson 1990
Creators: name: Baba, Keiji
name: Macpherson, Enrique
name: Poore, Gary C. B.
name: Ahyong, Shane T.
name: Bermudez, Adriana
name: Cabezas, Patricia
name: Lin, Chia-Wei
name: Nizinski, Martha
name: Rodrigues, Celso
name: Schnabel, Kareen E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Chirostylidae
Eumunida
Eumunida bella

description: Eumunida bella de Saint Laurent & Macpherson, 1990
 Eumunida bella de Saint Laurent & Macpherson, 1990b: 660, figs 2b, 3, 4b, 5b, 6b, 8b, f, 9b, 10b (Canary Is, Morocco to Congo, 396–698 m). — d’Udekem d’Acoz, 1999: 158 (compilation).
 Eumunida picta. — A. Milne Edwards & Bouvier, 1894a: 309, figs 8, 14, 35, 36 (Canary Islands, Morocco). — A. Milne Edwards & Bouvier, 1900: 364, pl. 5, fig. 1, pl. 28, fig. 26, pl. 32, figs 20–24 (Cape Verde Islands, Cape Bojador, 150–640 m). — Gordon, 1930: 742, figs 2c, 3a (in part) (NW Africa, Cape Bojador, Tenerife Island). — Bouvier, 1940: 161, figs 122, 123 (compilation). — Maurin, 1968 (list) (not Eumunida picta Smith, 1883 ).
Type data: holotype, male, MNHN Ga 517.
Type locality: Cape Bojador, 25º41´N, 15º56´W, 410 m.
description: Published as part of Baba, Keiji, Macpherson, Enrique, Poore, Gary C. B., Ahyong, Shane T., Bermudez, Adriana, Cabezas, Patricia, Lin, Chia-Wei, Nizinski, Martha, Rodrigues, Celso & Schnabel, Kareen E., 2008, Catalogue of squat lobsters of the world (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura-families Chirostylidae, Galatheidae and Kiwaidae), pp. 1-220 in Zootaxa 1905 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1905.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5134587
Odd-Parity Multipoles by Staggered Magnetic Dipole and Electric Quadrupole Orderings in CeCoSi
Creators: name: Yatsushiro, Megumi
name: Hayami, Satoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a possibility of odd-parity multipole orderings in a locally noncentrosymmetric tetragonal compound CeCoSi. By performing symmetrical and microscopic mean-field analyses on a two-orbital tight-binding model, we propose potential odd-parity multipoles hidden in staggered antiferromagnetic and antiferroquadrupole orderings in CeCoSi. We show that $3z^2-r^2$ type of the magnetic quadrupole is induced by the staggered magnetic dipole ordering for a large crystal-field splitting between two orbitals, while $xy$ type of the electric toroidal quadrupole is emergent by the staggered electric quadrupole ordering for a small crystal-field splitting. Furthermore, we discuss a magneto-electric effect and elastic-electric effect due to the odd-parity multipoles, which will be useful to identify order parameters in CeCoSi.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Electronic phase separation in the rare earth manganates, (La1-xLnx)0.7Ca0.3MnO3 (Ln = Nd, Gd and Y)
Creators: name: Sudheendra, L.
name: Rao, C. N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All the three series of manganates showsaturation magnetization characteristic of ferromagnetism, with the ferromagnetic Tc decreasing with increasing in x up to a critical value of x, xc (xc = 0.6, 0.3, 0.2 respectively for Nd, Gd, Y). For x > xc, the magnetic moments are considerably smaller showing a small increase around TM, the value of TM decreasing slightly with increase in x or decrease in < rA >. The ferromagnetic compositions (x xc) show insulator-metal (IM) transitions, while the compositions with x > xc are insulating. The magnetic and electrical resistivity behavior of these manganates is consistent with the occurrence of phase separation in the compositions around xc, corresponding to a critical average radius of the A-site cation, < rAc >, of 1.18 A. Both Tc and TIM increase linearly when < rA > > < rAc > or x xc as expected of a homogenous ferromagnetic phase. Both Tc and TM decrease linearly with the A-site cation size disorder at the A-site as measured by the variance s2. Thus, an increase in s2 favors the insulating AFM state. Percolative conduction is observed in the compositions with < rA > > < rAc >. Electron transport properties in the insulating regime for x > xc conforms to the variable range hopping mechanism. More interestingly, when x > xc, the real part of dielectric constant (e') reaches a high value (104-106) at ordinary temperatures dropping to a very small (~500) value below a certain temperature, the value of which decreases with decreasing frequency.
description: 27 pages; 11 figures, Submitted to J.Phys:Condens Matter
title: COVID-19 and the Uneven Stress of Social Change: Remote Work and Subjective Well-Being
Creators: name: Fan, Wen
name: Moen, Phyllis
Publisher: name: Minneapolis, MN: LCC
Year: 2022
Subjects: COVID-19
remote work
gender
life course
intersectionality
well-being

description: The large-scale move to remote work has been framed as a “silver lining” of COVID-19, despite mixed pre-pandemic evidence on working remotely. To understand intersectional disparities of pandemic precipitated remote work, we conducted a nationally representative panel survey (October 2020 and April 2021) of workers who worked remotely during the pandemic. Changes (both increases and decreases) in work hours with the move to telecommuting predict worse well-being. Women are at risk of poor well-being concomitant with increased hours, especially younger women without care responsibilities, women with care obligations, minority women, and non managers. By contrast, men whose hours decrease are at risk, especially minority men, middle-adult men without care responsibilities, and men with care obligations. Sequence analysis identifies four pathways of workplaces continuous remote working, early return, recent return, and hybrid. Women and men at both ends of the life course (younger and older adults) without care responsibilities, and women with care obligations benefit emotionally from hybrid or continuing remote working arrangements as opposed to returning to working-at-work, whereas the reverse is found for men with care obligations. Minority men and less-educated men benefit from a hybrid arrangement, and men managers gain in well-being when they return to working-at-work fully or partly.
description: LCC Working Paper Series
Learning and Training Bio-image Analysis in the Age of AI
Creators: name: Haase, Robert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The advent of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT changes the way we analyse images. We ask LLMs to generate code, apply it to images and spend less time on learning implementation details. This also has impact on how we learn image analysis. While coding skills are still required, we can use LLMs to explain code, make proposals how to analyse the images and yet still decide how the analysis is done.
Monopole solutions in SU(2) Yang-Mills-plus-massive-nonlinear-spinor-field theory
Creators: name: Dzhunushaliev, Vladimir
name: Folomeev, Vladimir
name: Serikbolova, Albina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monopole solutions in SU(2) Yang-Mills theory which includes spinor fields described by the nonlinear Dirac equation are obtained. It is demonstrated that the energy spectrum of such a system possesses a global minimum whose appearance is brought about solely by the nonlinear spinor fields. It is shown that the monopole solution obtained differs in principle from the 't~Hooft-Polyakov monopole in that it is topologically trivial.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Structures and Representations of Generalized Path Algebras
Creators: name: Zhang, Shouchuan
name: Zhang, Yao-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W50, 16W20

description: It is shown that an algebra $Λ$ can be lifted with nilpotent Jacobson radical $r = r(Λ)$ and has a generalized matrix unit $\{e_{ii}\}_I$ with each $\bar e_{ii} $ in the center of $\bar Λ= Λ/r$ iff $Λ$ is isomorphic to a generalized path algebra with weak relations. Representations of the generalized path algebras are given. As a corollary, $Λ$ is a finite algebra with non-zero unity element over perfect field $k$ (e.g. a field with characteristic zero or a finite field) iff $Λ$ is isomorphic to a generalized path algebra $k (D, Ω, ρ)$ of finite directed graph with weak relations and $dim {\} Ω< \infty $; $Λ$ is a generalized elementary algebra which can be lifted with nilpotent Jacobson radical and has a complete set of pairwise orthogonal idempotents iff $Λ$ is isomorphic to a path algebra with relations.
description: 19 pages. To appear in Algebras and Representation Theory
Extending General Compact Querieable Representations to GIS Applications
Creators: name: Brisaboa, Nieves R.
name: Cerdeira-Pena, Ana
name: de Bernardo, Guillermo
name: Navarro, Gonzalo
name: Pedreira, Oscar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The raster model is commonly used for the representation of images in many domains, and is especially useful in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to store information about continuous variables of the space (elevation, temperature, etc.). Current representations of raster data are usually designed for external memory or, when stored in main memory, lack efficient query capabilities. In this paper we propose compact representations to efficiently store and query raster datasets in main memory. We present different representations for binary raster data, general raster data and time-evolving raster data. We experimentally compare our proposals with traditional storage mechanisms such as linear quadtrees or compressed GeoTIFF files. Results show that our structures are up to 10 times smaller than classical linear quadtrees, and even comparable in space to non-querieable representations of raster data, while efficiently answering a number of typical queries.
description: This research has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015 BIRDS GA No. 690941,
MOESM9 of Association between exposure to traffic-related air pollution and pediatric allergic diseases based on modeled air pollution concentrations and traffic measures in Seoul, Korea: a comparative analysis
Creators: name: Kyung-Duk Min
name: Seon-Ju Yi
name: Hwan-Cheol Kim
name: Jong-Han Leem
name: Ho-Jang Kwon
name: Soyoung Hong
name: Kim, Kyoo
name: Kim, Sun-Young
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 9: Table S5. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of asthma symptoms and diagnoses for individual-level concentrations of NO2, PM10, PM2.5 by children with and without allergic rhinitis and atopic eczema diagnoses.
Eumunida bispinata Baba 1990
Creators: name: Baba, Keiji
name: Macpherson, Enrique
name: Poore, Gary C. B.
name: Ahyong, Shane T.
name: Bermudez, Adriana
name: Cabezas, Patricia
name: Lin, Chia-Wei
name: Nizinski, Martha
name: Rodrigues, Celso
name: Schnabel, Kareen E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Chirostylidae
Eumunida
Eumunida bispinata

description: Eumunida bispinata Baba, 1990
 Eumunida bispinata Baba, 1990: 925, fig. 1 (Madagascar, 450 m). — Baba, 2005: 209 (synonymies). Eumunida (Eumunidopsis) bispinata. — de Saint Laurent & Poupin, 1996: 373 (no record).
Type data: holotype, male, MNHN Ga 1506.
Type locality: Madagascar, 12°39.5´S, 48°15.6´E, 450 m.
description: Published as part of Baba, Keiji, Macpherson, Enrique, Poore, Gary C. B., Ahyong, Shane T., Bermudez, Adriana, Cabezas, Patricia, Lin, Chia-Wei, Nizinski, Martha, Rodrigues, Celso & Schnabel, Kareen E., 2008, Catalogue of squat lobsters of the world (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura-families Chirostylidae, Galatheidae and Kiwaidae), pp. 1-220 in Zootaxa 1905 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1905.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5134587
A Critical Review of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Matter Transports and Voltage Polarisation for Modelling
Creators: name: Gass, Raphaël
name: Li, Zhongliang
name: Outbib, Rachid
name: Jemei, Samir
name: Hissel, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Technologies based on the use of hydrogen are promising for future energy requirements in a more sustainable world. Consequently, modelling fuel cells is crucial, for instance, to optimize their control to achieve excellent performance, to test new materials and configurations on a limited budget, or to consider their degradation for improved lifespan. To develop such models, a comprehensive study is required, encompassing both well-established and the latest governing laws on matter transport and voltage polarisation for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs). Recent articles often rely on outdated or inappropriate equations, lacking clear explanations regarding their background. Indeed, inconsistent understanding of theoretical and experimental choices or model requirements hinders comprehension and contributes to the misuse of these equations. Additionally, specific researches are needed to construct more accurate models. This study aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of the current state-of-the-art in PEMFC modeling. It clarifies the corresponding governing equations, their usage conditions, and assumptions, thus serving as a foundation for future developments. The presented laws and equations are applicable in most multi-dimensional, dynamic, and two-phase PEMFC models.
description: Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2024
Testing Low-Redshift Cosmic Acceleration with Large-Scale Structure
Creators: name: Nadathur, Seshadri
name: Percival, Will J.
name: Beutler, Florian
name: Winther, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the cosmological implications of measurements of the void-galaxy cross-correlation at redshift $z=0.57$ combined with baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) data at $0.110σ$ significance from these data alone, independent of the cosmic microwave background and supernovae. Using a nucleosynthesis prior on $Ω_bh^2$, we measure the Hubble constant to be $H_0=72.3\pm1.9\;{\rm km\,s}^{-1}{\rm Mpc}^{-1}$ from BAO+voids at $z<2$, and $H_0=69.0\pm1.2\;{\rm km\,s}^{-1}{\rm Mpc}^{-1}$ when adding Lyman-$α$ BAO at $z=2.34$, both independent of the CMB. Adding voids to CMB, BAO and supernova data greatly improves measurement of the dark energy equation of state, increasing the figure of merit by >40%, but remaining consistent with flat flat $Λ$ cold dark matter.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in PRL. v2: minor edits to text in response to review
Static topological black hole with nonminimal derivative coupling and nonlinear electromagnetic field of Born-Infeld type
Creators: name: Stetsko, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider scalar-tensor gravity with nonminimal derivative coupling and Born-Infeld electromagnetic field which is minimally coupled to gravity. Since cosmological constant is taken into account it allowed us not only derive static black hole with spherical horizon but also to obtain topological solutions with non-spherical horizons. The obtained metrics are thoroughly analyzed, namely for different distances and types of topology of horizon. To investigate singularities of the metrics Kretschmann scalar is used and it is shown that the character of singularity depends on the type of topology of horizon and dimension of space. We also investigate black hole's thermodynamics, namely we obtain and examine black hole's temperature. To derive the first law of black hole's thermodynamics Wald's approach is applied. Nonetheless this approach is well established, there is ambiguity in definition of black hole's entropy which can be resolved just by virtue of some independent approach.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures, revised version
Brownian Motion in wedges, last passage time and the second arc-sine law
Creators: name: Comtet, Alain
name: Desbois, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a planar Brownian motion starting from $O$ at time $t=0$ and stopped at $t=1$ and a set $F= \{OI_i ; i=1,2,..., n\}$ of $n$ semi-infinite straight lines emanating from $O$. Denoting by $g$ the last time when $F$ is reached by the Brownian motion, we compute the probability law of $g$. In particular, we show that, for a symmetric $F$ and even $n$ values, this law can be expressed as a sum of $\arcsin $ or $(\arcsin)^2 $ functions. The original result of Levy is recovered as the special case $n=2$. A relation with the problem of reaction-diffusion of a set of three particles in one dimension is discussed.
Retrieval of cavity-generated atomic spin-squeezing after free-space release
Creators: name: Wu, Yunfan
name: Krishnakumar, Rajiv
name: Martínez-Rincón, Julián
name: Malia, Benjamin K.
name: Hosten, Onur
name: Kasevich, Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The compatibility of cavity-generated spin-squeezed atomic states with atom-interferometric sensors that require freely falling atoms is demonstrated. An ensemble of $500,000$ spin-squeezed atoms in a high-finesse optical cavity with near-uniform atom-cavity coupling is prepared, released into free space, recaptured in the cavity, and probed. Up to $\sim$10 dB of metrologically-relevant squeezing is retrieved for 700 microsecond free-fall times, and decaying levels of squeezing are realized for up to 3 millisecond free-fall times. The degradation of squeezing results from loss of atom-cavity coupling homogeneity between the initial squeezed state generation and final collective state read-out. A theoretical model is developed to quantify this degradation and this model is experimentally validated.
MOESM6 of miRNA and circRNA expression patterns in mouse brain during toxoplasmosis development
Creators: name: Chun-Xue Zhou
name: Ai, Kang
name: Huang, Cui-Qin
name: Guo, Jing-Jing
name: Cong, Hua
name: Shen-Yi He
name: Zhu, Xing-Quan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 6: Table S4. Reads quality of circRNA libraries.
Investigation of the anatase-to-rutile transition for TiO$_2$ sol-gel coatings with refractive index up to 2.7
Creators: name: O'Byrne, Martin
name: Kerzabi, Badre
name: Abbarchi, Marco
name: Lifschitz, Alejo
name: Zamora, Tony
name: Malgras, Victor
name: Gourdin, Anthony
name: Modaresialam, Mehrnaz
name: Grosso, David
name: Putero, Magali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work describes the elaboration of rutile titanium dioxide films with high refractive indices and low scattering by sol-gel process and controlled crystallization. The evolutions of the optical properties and crystalline structure of sol-gel processed titania coatings on fused silica were investigated for different thermal budgets of the annealing post-treatment using ellipsometry, spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction and electronic microscopy. It reveals that anatase and rutile coatings with refractive indices of 2.5 and 2.7 can be prepared with associated optical loss of 0.5% and 1%, respectively, which are excellent compromise for applications in integrated photonics. These evolutions are associated to the thermally induced mass transfer and phase transitions occurring during thermal annealing that involves first the nucleation growth and sintering of anatase polyoriented nanocrystals, followed by the transformation into rutile polyoriented nanocrystals. Concomitantly, rutile crystals with (110) faces parallel to the surface consume surrounding anatase and rutile nanocrystals by diffusive sintering to yield micron-size rutile monocrystalline and monooriented platelets patchwork, exhibiting refractive index of 2.73 and 1.2% optical loss. The formation of these platelets is governed by surface energies and is responsible for the increase in optical loss.
Additional file 1 of Elevation of the head of bed reduces splanchnic blood flow in patients with intra-abdominal hypertension
Creators: name: Zhou, Yuankai
name: He, Huaiwu
name: Cui, Na
name: Wang, Xiaoting
name: Long, Yun
name: Liu, Dawei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Collective Oscillations of Majorana Neutrinos in Strong Magnetic Fields and Self-induced Flavor Equilibrium
Creators: name: Abbar, Sajad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study collective oscillations of Majorana neutrinos in some of the most extreme astrophysical sites such as neutron star merger remnants and magneto-rotational core-collapse supernovae which include dense neutrino media in the presence of strong magnetic fields. We show that neutrinos can reach flavor equilibrium if neutrino transition magnetic moment $μ_ν$ is strong enough, namely when $μ_ν/μ_{\rm{B}} \gtrsim 10^{-14}-10^{-15}$ with $μ_{\rm{B}}$ being the Bohr magneton. This sort of flavor equilibrium, which is not necessarily flavor equipartition, can occur on (short) scales determined by the strength of the magnetic term. Our findings can have interesting implications for the physics of such violent astrophysical environments.
description: minor modifications to match the published version in PRD
MOESM8 of Association between exposure to traffic-related air pollution and pediatric allergic diseases based on modeled air pollution concentrations and traffic measures in Seoul, Korea: a comparative analysis
Creators: name: Kyung-Duk Min
name: Seon-Ju Yi
name: Hwan-Cheol Kim
name: Jong-Han Leem
name: Ho-Jang Kwon
name: Soyoung Hong
name: Kim, Kyoo
name: Kim, Sun-Young
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 8: Table S4. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of symptoms and doctor-diagnoses of three allergic diseases for interquartile increases in individual-level annual average concentrations of NO2, PM10, and PM2.5 (4.7 ppm, 2.85 μg/m3, and 2.69 μg/m3, respectively) in 14,614 children at homes and schools from the Seoul Atopy Friendly School Project Survey in Seoul, Korea, for 2010.
Inner ear morphology in wild versus laboratory house mice
Creators: name: Renaud, Sabrina
name: Amar, Léa
name: Chevret, Pascale
name: Romestaing, Caroline
name: Quéré, Jean-Pierre
name: Régis, Corinne
name: Lebrun, Renaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The semicircular canals of the inner ear are involved in balance and velocity control. Being crucial to ensure efficient mobility, their morphology exhibits an evolutionary conservatism attributed to stabilizing selection. Release of selection in slow-moving animals has been argued to lead to morphological divergence and increased inter-individual variation. In its natural habitat, the house mouse Mus musculus moves in a tridimensional space where efficient balance is required. In contrast, laboratory mice in standard cages are severely restricted in their ability to move, which possibly reduces selection on the inner ear morphology. This effect was tested by comparing four groups of mice: several populations of wild mice trapped in commensal habitats in France; their second-generation laboratory offspring, to assess plastic effects related to breeding conditions; a standard laboratory strain (Swiss) that evolved for many generations in a regime of mobility reduction; and hybrids between wild offspring and Swiss mice. The morphology of the semicircular canals was quantified using a set of 3D landmarks and semi-landmarks analyzed using geometric morphometric protocols. Levels of inter-population, inter-individual (disparity) and intra-individual (asymmetry) variation were compared. All wild mice shared a similar inner ear morphology, in contrast to the important divergence of the Swiss strain. The release of selection in the laboratory strain obviously allowed for an important and rapid drift in the otherwise conserved structure. Shared traits between the inner ear of the lab strain and domestic pigs suggested a common response to mobility reduction in captivity. The lab-bred offspring of wild mice also differed from their wild relatives, suggesting plastic response related to maternal locomotory behavior, since inner ear morphology matures before birth in mammals. The signature observed in lab-bred wild mice and the lab strain was however not congruent, suggesting that plasticity did not participate to the divergence of the laboratory strain. However, contrary to the expectation, wild mice displayed slightly higher levels of inter-individual variation than laboratory mice, possibly due to the higher levels of genetic variance within and among wild populations compared to the lab strain. Differences in fluctuating asymmetry levels were detected, with the laboratory strain occasionally displaying higher asymmetry scores than its wild relatives. This suggests that there may indeed be a release of selection and/or a decrease in developmental stability in the laboratory strain.
description: Data available as Supplementary files and a contribution in MorphoMuseuM
Universal Transition Curve in Pseudo-Rapidity Distribution
Creators: name: Jeon, Sangyong
name: Pop, Vasile Topor
name: Bleicher, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that an unambiguous way of determining the universal limiting fragmentation region is to consider the derivative ($d^2n/dη^2$) of the pseudo-rapidity distribution per participant pair. In addition, we find that the transition region between the fragmentation and the central plateau regions exhibits a second kind of universal behavior that is only apparent in $d^2n/dη^2$. The $\sqrts$ dependence of the height of the central plateau $(dn/dη)_{η=0}$ and the total charged particle multiplicity $n_{\rm total}$ critically depend on the behavior of this universal transition curve. Analyzing available RHIC data, we show that $(dn/dη)_{η=0}$ can be bounded by $\ln^2 s$ and $n_{\rm total}$ can be bounded by $\ln^3 s$. We also show that the deuteron-gold data from RHIC has the exactly same features as the gold-gold data indicating that these universal behaviors are a feature of the initial state parton-nucleus interactions and not a consequence of final state interactions. Predictions for LHC energy are also given.
description: Published version. dA data also shown to follow the same trend. 29 pages in revtex4. Includes 19 figures in eps
Gastroptychus hawaiiensis Baba 1977
Creators: name: Baba, Keiji
name: Macpherson, Enrique
name: Poore, Gary C. B.
name: Ahyong, Shane T.
name: Bermudez, Adriana
name: Cabezas, Patricia
name: Lin, Chia-Wei
name: Nizinski, Martha
name: Rodrigues, Celso
name: Schnabel, Kareen E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Chirostylidae
Gastroptychus
Gastroptychus hawaiiensis

description: Gastroptychus hawaiiensis Baba, 1977
 Gastroptychus hawaiiensis Baba, 1977b: 141, figs 1, 2 (off Midway Island, 700–800 m). — Baba, 2005: 213 (synonymies, key).
Type data: holotype, male, SNMT-Cr. 4354.
Type locality: off Midway Island, 32–35ºN, 172º45´– 172º50´W, 700–800 m.
description: Published as part of Baba, Keiji, Macpherson, Enrique, Poore, Gary C. B., Ahyong, Shane T., Bermudez, Adriana, Cabezas, Patricia, Lin, Chia-Wei, Nizinski, Martha, Rodrigues, Celso & Schnabel, Kareen E., 2008, Catalogue of squat lobsters of the world (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura-families Chirostylidae, Galatheidae and Kiwaidae), pp. 1-220 in Zootaxa 1905 (1) on page 22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1905.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5134587
Three generations, two unbroken gauge symmetries, and one eight-dimensional algebra
Creators: name: Furey, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A considerable amount of the standard model's three-generation structure can be realised from just the $8\hspace{.3mm}\mathbb{C}$-dimensional algebra of the complex octonions. Indeed, it is a little-known fact that the complex octonions can generate on their own a $64\hspace{.3mm}\mathbb{C}$-dimensional space. Here we identify an $su(3)\oplus u(1)$ action which splits this $64\hspace{.3mm}\mathbb{C}$-dimensional space into complexified generators of $SU(3)$, together with 48 states. These 48 states exhibit the behaviour of exactly three generations of quarks and leptons under the standard model's two unbroken gauge symmetries. This article builds on a previous one, [1], by incorporating electric charge. Finally, we close this discussion by outlining a proposal for how the standard model's full set of states might be identified within the left action maps of $\mathbb{R}\otimes\mathbb{C}\otimes\mathbb{H}\otimes\mathbb{O}$ (the Clifford algebra $\mathbb{C} l(8)$). Our aim is to include not only the standard model's three generations of quarks and leptons, but also its gauge bosons.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Cow-Calf Producer Interest in Retained Ownership
Creators: name: Franken, Jason R.V.
name: Parcell, Joseph L.
name: Patterson, David J.
name: Smith, Michael F.
name: Poock, Scott
name: Franken, Jason R.V.
name: Parcell, Joseph L.
name: Patterson, David J.
name: Smith, Michael F.
name: Poock, Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: beef cattle
subject: property rights theory
subject: retained ownership

description: The beef industry’s share of domestic meat demand continues to decline, as increasing vertical coordination in pork and poultry contribute to these industries’ ability to offer convenient, consistent, and less expensive products. For such vertical coordination to be effective, incentives must be properly aligned so that those responsible for making the most important investments for system profit-ability are appropriately compensated. This study demonstrates that cow-calf producers who invest in quality registered cattle and those who are interested in incorporating feedlot and carcass data into herd management decisions are also more interested in retained ownership.
Additional file 3 of Elevation of the head of bed reduces splanchnic blood flow in patients with intra-abdominal hypertension
Creators: name: Zhou, Yuankai
name: He, Huaiwu
name: Cui, Na
name: Wang, Xiaoting
name: Long, Yun
name: Liu, Dawei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 3
Nonsecondary origin of cosmic ray positrons
Creators: name: Diesing, Rebecca
name: Caprioli, Damiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of secondary production as the source of cosmic ray (CR) positrons, taking into account observed electron and antiproton spectra and allowing that the reported steepening in the AMS-02 positron spectrum may be due to radiative losses. Using a simple argument based on the antiproton spectrum, we show that positrons cannot be purely secondary. Namely, the antiproton to positron ratio requires that positrons be uncooled up to a few hundred GeV. This requirement implies that CR protons escape from the Galaxy too quickly to reproduce the observed antiproton flux. We further show that this result rules out also more complex secondary production scenarios such as reacceleration and the Nested Leaky Box. Thus, we conclude that while antiprotons can be produced exclusively in secondary interactions, a primary source of CR positrons -- be it dark matter or pulsars -- is required to explain their spectrum.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in PRD
Impurity-induced tuning of quantum well states in spin-dependent resonant tunneling
Creators: name: Kalitsov, A.
name: Coho, A.
name: Kioussis, N.
name: Vedyayev, A.
name: Chshiev, M.
name: Granovsky, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report exact model calculations of the spin-dependent tunneling in double magnetic tunnel junctions in the presence of impurities in the well. We show that the impurity can tune selectively the spin channels giving rise to a wide variety of interesting and novel transport phenomena. The tunneling magnetoresistance, the spin polarization and the local current can be dramatically enhanced or suppressed by impurities. The underlying mechanism is the impurity-induced shift of the quantum well states (QWS) which depends on the impurity potential, impurity position and the symmetry of the QWS.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Non-stationary Energy in General Relativity
Creators: name: Altas, Emel
name: Tekin, Bayram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the time evolution equations of (cosmological) General Relativity in the first order Fischer-Marsden form, we construct an integral that measures the amount of non-stationary energy on a given spacelike hypersurface in $D$ dimensions. The integral vanishes for stationary spacetimes; and with a further assumption, reduces to Dain's invariant on the boundary of the hypersurface which is defined with the Einstein constraints and a fourth order equation defining approximate Killing symmetries.
description: 16 pages,dedicated to the memory of Rahmi Guven (1948-2019) who spent a life in gravity research in a region quite timid about science
MOESM7 of Association between exposure to traffic-related air pollution and pediatric allergic diseases based on modeled air pollution concentrations and traffic measures in Seoul, Korea: a comparative analysis
Creators: name: Kyung-Duk Min
name: Seon-Ju Yi
name: Hwan-Cheol Kim
name: Jong-Han Leem
name: Ho-Jang Kwon
name: Soyoung Hong
name: Kim, Kyoo
name: Kim, Sun-Young
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 7: Figure S4. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of symptoms and doctor-diagnoses of three allergic diseases for interquartile increases in individual-level annual average concentrations of NO2, PM10, and PM2.5 (4.7 ppm, 2.85 μg/m3, and 2.69 μg/m3, respectively) in 14,614 children at homes and schools from the Seoul Atopy Friendly School Project Survey in Seoul, Korea, for 2010.
Star formation in gaseous galaxy halos: VLT-spectroscopy of extraplanar HII-regions in NGC55
Creators: name: Tuellmann, R.
name: Rosa, M. R.
name: Elwert, T.
name: Bomans, D. J.
name: Ferguson, A. M. N.
name: Dettmar, R. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first deep VLT-spectra of a new class of compact extraplanar objects located in the disk-halo interface of the edge-on spiral galaxy NGC55. Their spectra reveal continuum emission from stars and show typical emission-lines as observed in ordinary disk HII-regions. Similar to the Diffuse Ionized Gas (DIG) the prominent ionization stage of oxygen is O+, whereas the corresponding one for low metallicity HII-regions is O++. A comparison with CLOUDY model simulations reveals that the ionization mechanism of these compact objects is most likely photoionization by late OB stars (O9.5 to B0). Further analysis of diagnostic diagrams unambiguously confirms the HII-region character. This raises the question whether these extraplanar HII-regions (EHRs) originated from the prominent extraplanar gas of this galaxy or have just been expelled from the disk into the halo. From hydrodynamical considerations ejection from the disk can be ruled out. Therefore, these objects must have formed within the halo. Compared to the average abundance of the central disk HII-region (45% Z_solar) both EHRs reveal substantially lower [O/H] abundances of about 10% Z_solar. We could establish for the first time strong differences in the metal content along the minor axis of this galaxy. Oxygen appears to be less abundant in the halo by about a factor of 4. Since both EHRs are located above the central part of NGC55, it appears likely, that their formation was triggered by star formation activity in the disk below. In this environment the molecular gas clouds out of which EHRs have formed can survive and collapse only in the period between two successive bursts of star formation.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&A. For the full version look at http://www.astro.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/tullmann/home4.html
A stable algorithm for divergence-free radial basis functions in the flat limit
Creators: name: Drake, Kathryn P.
name: Wright, Grady B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33C55, 41A05, 41A29, 43A90, 65D05, 65F22, 76M25

description: The direct method used for calculating smooth radial basis function (RBF) interpolants in the flat limit becomes numerically unstable. The RBF-QR algorithm bypasses this ill-conditioning using a clever change of basis technique. We extend this method for computing interpolants involving matrix-valued kernels, specifically surface divergence-free RBFs on the sphere, in the flat limit. Results illustrating the effectiveness of this algorithm are presented for a divergence-free vector field on the sphere from samples at scattered points.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Ultra-high energy cosmic rays from a finite number of point sources
Creators: name: Kachelriess, M.
name: Semikoz, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have calculated the probability that the clustering of arrival directions of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) is consistent with a finite number of uniformly distributed proton sources. The case of a continuous source distribution is reached only for an unrealisticly high source density, $n_s\gg 10^{-2}/Mpc^3$. Even for densities as large as $n_s=10^{-3}/Mpc^3$, less than half of the observed cluster are on average by chance. For the best-fit value $n_s=(1-3)\times 10^{-5}/Mpc^3$ derived from the AGASA data, the probability that at least one observed cluster is from a true point source is larger than 99.97%, while on average almost all observed clusters are true. The best-fit value found is comparable to the density of AGNs and consistent with the recent HiRes stereo data. In this scenario, the Pierre Auger Observatory will not only establish the clustering of UHECRs but also determine the density of UHECR sources within a factor of a few after one year of data taking.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures; v2 matches version to appear
Neural Networks Potential from the Bispectrum Component: A Case Study on Crystalline Silicon
Creators: name: Yanxon, Howard
name: Zagaceta, David
name: Wood, Brandon C.
name: Zhu, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we present a systematic study in developing machine learning force fields (MLFF) for crystalline silicon. While the main-stream approach of fitting a MLFF is to use a small and localized training sets from molecular dynamics simulation, it is unlikely to cover the global feature of the potential energy surface. To remedy this issue, we used randomly generated symmetrical crystal structures to train a more general Si-MLFF. Further, we performed substantial benchmarks among different choices of materials descriptors and regression techniques on two different sets of silicon data. Our results show that neural network potential fitting with bispectrum coefficients as the descriptor is a feasible method for obtaining accurate and transferable MLFF.
How to Define and Measure Knowledge for the Analysis of Competitiveness
Creators: name: Westeren, Knut Ingar
name: Westeren, Knut Ingar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Linking creation, use, and transfer of knowledge to a company‟s economic performance remains an important, yet little studied area of academic research. In this article, I extend MERITUM Project objectives that seek standards upon which to measure intangible assets. This is important because of the firm‟s need to measure and identify intangible assets like knowledge thereby increasing competitiveness. A firm engaged in the production of steel jackets for the offshore oil industry in peripheral Norway is used as a case study in which to develop definitions and metrics of knowledge for the analysis of competitiveness. The com-pany under examination has about 600 employees, an annual production value of about 200 million USD, and seeks to acquire and develop knowledge capital by looking at three key fac-tors including identification (what are the central knowledge processes that take place?), measurement (what kind of indicators can be used?) and management (how is management of knowledge integrated in the general management of the firm?). Results suggest that it is pos-sible on the firm level to link knowledge to competitiveness in a manner in which manage-ment can use it as a strategic device.
Topological Correlators in Landau-Ginzburg Models with Boundaries
Creators: name: Kapustin, Anton
name: Li, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We compute topological correlators in Landau-Ginzburg models on a Riemann surface with arbitrary number of handles and boundaries. The boundaries may correspond to arbitrary topological D-branes of type B. We also allow arbitrary operator insertions on the boundary and in the bulk. The answer is given by an explicit formula which can be regarded as an open-string generalization of C. Vafa's formula for closed-string topological correlators. We discuss how to extend our results to the case of Landau-Ginzburg orbifolds.
description: 21 pages, latex. v2: minor typos corrected, references added. v3: a couple minor corrections, reference added
MOESM6 of Association between exposure to traffic-related air pollution and pediatric allergic diseases based on modeled air pollution concentrations and traffic measures in Seoul, Korea: a comparative analysis
Creators: name: Kyung-Duk Min
name: Seon-Ju Yi
name: Hwan-Cheol Kim
name: Jong-Han Leem
name: Ho-Jang Kwon
name: Soyoung Hong
name: Kim, Kyoo
name: Kim, Sun-Young
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 6: Figure S3. Scatter plots between predicted annual-average concentrations of NO2, PM10, or PM2.5 in 2010 and total length of major roads within 300â€‰m buffers (Yi et al. 2017) at home addresses of 14,614 children in the Seoul Atopy Friendly School Project Survey in Seoul, Korea, for 2010 (red lines for non-linear relationships estimated by locally-weighted smoothing).