cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Turbulence and heat transfer on a rotating, heated half soap bubble
Creators: name: HE, X. Q.
name: Bragg, A. D.
name: Xiong, Y. L.
name: Fischer, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Direct Numerical Simulations to study the two-dimensional flow of a rotating, half soap bubble that is heated at its equator. The heating produces buoyancy and rotation generates a Coriolis forces in the fluid. However, due to the curved surface of the bubble, the buoyancy and Coriolis forces vary with latitude on the bubble, giving rise to rich flow behavior. We first explore the single-point properties of the flow, including the Reynolds and Nusselt numbers, mean fields, and Reynolds stresses, all as a function of latitude. For a given Rayleigh number, we observe a non-monotonic dependence on the Rossby number Ro, and large scale mean circulations that are strongly influenced by rotation. We then consider quantities that reveal the multiscale nature of the flow, including spectrums and spectral fluxes of kinetic and thermal energy, and enstrophy, and structure functions of velocity and temperature. The fluxes show that just a for nonbuoyant two-dimensional turbulence on a flat surface, there is an upscale flux of kinetic energy at larger scales (fed by buoyancy injection of turbulent kinetic energy at smaller scales), and a downscale flux of enstrophy at smaller scales. The kinetic energy spectrum and velocity structure functions are well described by Bolgiano-Obukhov (BO) scaling at scales where the effects of rotation are weak. The temperature structure functions do not, however, satisfy BO scaling in general, due to strong intermittency in the temperature field.
ENHANCING PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCE IN MODERN PEDAGOGY
Creators: name: Kamuna Babajanova
Publisher: name: Academic research in educational sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: competence; professional competence of a teacher; competencebased methods

description: Teachers are one of the most influential and powerful resources for achieving equity, access and quality in education and are the key to sustainable global development. However, their training, recruitment, retention, status and working conditions remain a matter of concern. In effective school systems there is an understanding that the only the best way to improve results is to increase the quality of teaching. For this reason firstly pedagogical competence should be paid more attention by government and modern educationalists themselves. This article purposes to explore some ways of developing pedagogical competence of teachers in education.
Predictive performance of multi-model approaches for model-informed precision dosing of piperacillin in critically ill patients
Creators: name: Schatz, Lea Marie
name: Greppmair, Sebastian
name: Kunzelmann, Alexandra K.
name: Starp, Johannes
name: Brinkmann, Alexander
name: Roehr, Anka
name: Frey, Otto
name: Hagel, Stefan
name: Dorn, Christoph
name: Zoller, Michael
name: Scharf, Christina
name: Wicha, Sebastian G.
name: Liebchen, Uwe
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Critically ill; Intensive care unit; Model-informed precision dosing; Population pharmacokinetics; Sepsis; Therapeutic drug monitoring
subject: 615 Pharmazie

description: Objectives: 
Piperacillin (PIP)/tazobactam is a frequently prescribed antibiotic; however, over- or underdosing may contribute to toxicity, therapeutic failure, and development of antimicrobial resistance. An external evaluation of 24 published PIP-models demonstrated that model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) can enhance target attainment. Employing various candidate models, this study aimed to assess the predictive performance of different MIPD-approaches comparing (i) a single-model approach, (ii) a model selection algorithm (MSA) and (iii) a model averaging algorithm (MAA).
Methods:
Precision, accuracy and expected target attainment, considering either initial (B1) or initial and secondary (B2) therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)-samples per patient, were assessed in a multicentre dataset (561 patients, 11 German centres, 3654 TDM-samples).
Results: 
The results demonstrated a slight superiority in predictive performance using MAA in B1, regardless of the candidate models, compared to MSA and the best single models (MAA, MSA, best single models: inaccuracy ±3%, ±10%, ±8%; imprecision: <25%, <31%, <28%; expected target attainment >77%, >71%, >73%). The inclusion of a second TDM-sample notably improved precision and target attainment for all MIPD-approaches, particularly within the context of MSA and most of the single models. The expected target attainment is maximized (up to >90%) when the TDM-sample is integrated within 24 h.
Conclusions: 
In conclusion, MAA streamlines MIPD by reducing the risk of selecting an inappropriate model for specific patients. Therefore, MIPD of PIP using MAA implicates further optimisation of antibiotic exposure in critically ill patients, by improving predictive performance with only one sample available for Bayesian forecasting, safety, and usability in clinical practice.
Anomalous Diffusion on the Hanoi Networks
Creators: name: Boettcher, S.
name: Goncalves, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusion is modeled on the recently proposed Hanoi networks by studying the mean- square displacement of random walks with time, ~t^{2/d_w}. It is found that diffusion - the quintessential mode of transport throughout Nature - proceeds faster than ordinary, in one case with an exact, anomalous exponent dw = 2-log_2(ϕ) = 1.30576 . . .. It is an instance of a physical exponent containing the "golden ratio" ϕ=(1+\sqrt{5})/2 that is intimately related to Fibonacci sequences and since Euclid's time has been found to be fundamental throughout geometry, architecture, art, and Nature itself. It originates from a singular renormalization group fixed point with a subtle boundary layer, for whose resolution ϕis the main protagonist. The origin of this rare singularity is easily understood in terms of the physics of the process. Yet, the connection between network geometry and the emergence of ϕin this context remains elusive. These results provide an accurate test of recently proposed universal scaling forms for first passage times.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures incl.; for related work, see http://www.physics.emory.edu/faculty/boettcher/, some new material, as to appear in Europhysics Letters
On MSSM charged Higgs boson production in association with an electroweak W boson at electron positron colliders
Creators: name: Brein, Oliver
name: Hahn, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of the cross section for the process e+ e- --> W+/- H-/+ in the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) and the Two Higgs Doublet Model (THDM). We study the basic features of the MSSM prediction for some distinctive parameter scenarios. We find large effects from virtual squarks for scenarios with large mixing in the stop sector which can lead to a cross section vastly different from a THDM with identical Higgs sector parameters. We investigate this interesting behaviour in more detail by thoroughly scanning the MSSM parameter space for regions of large cross section. For a charged Higgs boson too heavy to be pair-produced at such a machine, it turns out that a large MSSM cross section with a good chance of observation is linked to a squark mass scale below 600 GeV and a considerable amount of mixing in either the stop and sbottom sector.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures (two in colour). Substantially improved on the MSSM parameter restrictions taken into account. Added some references
Powerful High Velocity-Dispersion Molecular Hydrogen Associated with an Intergalactic Shock Wave in Stephan's Quintet
Creators: name: Appleton, P. N.
name: Xu, K. C.
name: Reach, W.
name: Dopita, M. A.
name: Gao, Y.
name: Lu, N.
name: Popescu, C. C.
name: Sulentic, J. W.
name: Tuffs, R. J.
name: Yun, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of strong mid-infrared emission lines of molecular hydrogen of apparently high velocity dispersion (~870 km/s) originating from a group-wide shock wave in Stephan's Quintet. These Spitzer Space Telescope observations reveal emission lines of molecular hydrogen and little else. this is the first time an almost pure H_2 line spectrum has been seen in an extragalactic object. Along with the absence of PAH features and very low excitation ionized gas tracers, the spectra resemble shocked gas seen in Galactic supernova remnants, but on a vast scale. The molecular emission extends over 24 kpc along the X-ray emitting shock-front, but has ten times the surface luminosity as the soft X-rays, and about one-third the surface luminosity of the IR continuum. We suggest that the powerful H_2 emission is generated by the shock wave caused when a high-velocity intruder galaxy collides with filaments of gas in the galaxy group. Our observations suggest a close connection between galaxy-scale shock-waves and strong broad H_2 emission lines, like those seen in the spectra of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies where high-speed collisions between galaxy disks are common.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures and 1 table
ЦЕМЕНТ SOREL - УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ ДЛЯ СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА
Creators: name: Жалилов, Рахимжон
name: Оразимбетова, Гулистан
name: Садикова, А.М.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Сорель цемент, также известный как магнезиальный цемент или оксихлорид магния, представляет собой универсальный строительный материал с широким спектром применения. Он используется уже более века и по-прежнему ценится за свои уникальные свойства и долговечность. В этой статье мы рассмотрим характеристики, применение и преимущества Сорель цемента, проливая свет на его значение в современном строительстве и за его пределами.
A consistent BGK model with velocity-dependent collision frequency for gas mixtures
Creators: name: Haack, Jeff
name: Hauck, Cory
name: Klingenberg, Christian
name: Pirner, Marlies
name: Warnecke, Sandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive a multi-species BGK model with velocity-dependent collision frequency for a non-reactive, multi-component gas mixture. The model is derived by minimizing a weighted entropy under the constraint that the number of particles of each species, total momentum, and total energy are conserved. We prove that this minimization problem admits a unique solution for very general collision frequencies. Moreover, we prove that the model satisfies an H-Theorem and characterize the form of equilibrium.
Dyson's constants in the asymptotics of the determinants of Wiener-Hopf-Hankel operators with the sine kernel
Creators: name: Ehrhardt, Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B35

description: In this paper we are going to prove two asymptotic formulas for determinants det(I-K_s), as s goes to infinity, where K_s are the Wiener-Hopf-Hankel operators acting on L^2[0,s] with the kernels K(x-y)+K(x+y) and K(x-y)-K(x+y), respectively, and K(t):=sin(t)/(π*t). These formulas were conjectured by Dyson. The identification of the constant term in the asymptotics was an open problem for a long time.
description: proof of Thm. 3.2 corrected; introduction extended
First-Principles Study on Cathode Properties of Li2MTiO4 and Na2MTiO4 (M = V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni)
Creators: name: Yamauchi, Kunihiko
name: Momida, Hiroyoshi
name: Oguchi, Tamio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cathode properties of Na2MTiO4 (M: transition-metal element) are investigated by means of density-functional-theory calculations. The stability between the layered structure and the disordered structure are focused in comparison with the Li2MTiO4 prototypical case. It is found that the layered structure is more stable than the disordered structure in Na2MTiO4 while those structure shows the similar stability in Li2MTiO4. In layered-structure Na2MTiO4, the formation enthalpies at the intermediate compounds during charge/discharge reactions are significantly low, leading to the unstable voltage-capacity profiles. A machine-learning analysis reveals that the total-energy difference between these structures can be described by a simple function of ionic radii.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures, submitted for publication
Time Varying Undirected Graphs
Creators: name: Zhou, Shuheng
name: Lafferty, John
name: Wasserman, Larry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Undirected graphs are often used to describe high dimensional distributions. Under sparsity conditions, the graph can be estimated using $\ell_1$ penalization methods. However, current methods assume that the data are independent and identically distributed. If the distribution, and hence the graph, evolves over time then the data are not longer identically distributed. In this paper, we show how to estimate the sequence of graphs for non-identically distributed data, where the distribution evolves over time.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, to appear in COLT 2008
Dragging spin-orbit-coupled solitons by a moving optical lattice
Creators: name: Sakaguchi, Hidetsugu
name: Hirano, Fumihide
name: Malomed, Boris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that the interplay of the spin-orbit-coupling (SOC) and mean-field self-attraction creates stable two-dimensional (2D) solitons (ground states) in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates. However, SOC destroys the system's Galilean invariance, therefore moving solitons exist only in a narrow interval of velocities, outside of which the solitons suffer delocalization. We demonstrate that the application of a relatively weak moving optical lattice (OL), with the 2D or quasi-1D structure, makes it possible to greatly expand the velocity interval for stable motion of the solitons. The stability domain in the system's parameter space is identified by means of numerical methods. In particular, the quasi-1D OL produces a stronger stabilizing effect than its full 2D counterpart. Some features of the domain are explained analytically.
description: to be published in Journal of Physics B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys
Peer adjustment of adolescents at risk for school dropout
Creators: name: Comfort, Colin B.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Research on the factors influencing school dropout has traditionally focused on individual characteristics of dropouts and, more recently, school factors, frequently neglecting the role of peer relations. The intent of the present study was to determine to what extent and in what ways peer adjustment is related to school dropout risk. On the basis of previous research, five aspects of peer adjustment were delineated as potentially affecting students' decision to drop out: overall social status; social behavior (aggression, withdrawal); social support; social participation; and friends' school value. Dropout risk was assessed using both Grade Point Average and teacher nominations of dropout risk. Students (N = 153) from grades 9 through 11 participated in the study. Results of univariate (correlations, extreme groups ANOVA) and multivariate (multiple regression) indicated that of all the peer adjustment measures included in the study, dropout risk was best predicted by aggression. Univariate (although not multivariate) analyses also revealed a relationship between dropout risk and lower value for school held by friends. Limited support was found for the notion that students at risk for school dropout evidence less participation in the social aspects of school. Results showed little evidence of relationship between risk for school dropout and rejection by same- or opposite-sex peers, peer-perceived withdrawal, or a lack of peer group intimacy or integration.
Specific Heat Study of Magnetic and Superconducting Transitions in CePt3Si
Creators: name: Motoyama, Gaku
name: Maeda, Katsuhiro
name: Oda, Yasukage
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of specific heat between 80 mK to 4 K and electrical resistivity between 80 mK to 10 K were carried out for polycrystalline CePt3Si samples cut into small pieces (typically $\sim $10 mg). In the specific heat measurements, we observed an antiferromagnetic transition jump at TN = 2.2 K for all the samples, while the heights have large variations. As regards superconductivity, we observed two distinct transition jumps at Tcl $\sim$ 0.45 K and Tch $\sim$ 0.75 K, which were the same for all the samples. From the measurements of specific heat and resistivity, systematic relations were found between antiferromagnetic and superconducting transitions. We conclude that antiferromagnetism, whose transition temperature is 2.2 K, coexists with superconductivity, whose transition temperature is Tcl. In this sample, residual electronic specific heat coefficient in the superconducting state $γ_{\rm s}$ was quite small, and specific heat divided by temperature below Tcl decreased almost linearly with decreasing temperature. In order to reveal the characteristic properties of the magnetism and superconductivity of the CePt3Si system, it is important to study the two superconducting phases with Tcl and Tch, respectively.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Contact problems with friction for hemitropic solids: boundary variational inequality approach
Creators: name: Gachechiladze, A.
name: Gachechiladze, R.
name: Gwinner, J.
name: Natroshvili, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J86, 47A50 (Primary) 74A35, 74M10, 74M15 (Secondary)

description: We study the interior and exterior contact problems for hemitropic elastic solids. We treat the cases when the friction effects, described by Tresca friction (given friction model), are taken into consideration either on some part of the boundary of the body or on the whole boundary. We equivalently reduce these problems to a boundary variational inequality with the help of the Steklov-Poincar'e type operator. Based on our boundary variational inequality approach we prove existence and uniqueness theorems for weak solutions. We prove that the solutions continuously depend on the data of the original problem and on the friction coefficient. For the interior problem necessary and sufficient conditions of solvability are established when friction is taken into consideration on the whole boundary.
BioData.pt Annual Report 2020
Creators: name: Melo, Ana M. P.
name: Faria, Daniel
name: Silva, Marta Contreiras
name: Santos, Rafael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: BioData.pt | ELIXIR PT is the distributed research infrastructure for biological data, operating the Portuguese node of ELIXIR. This is the annual report of 2020. Have a look in our achievements and leave us your comments and suggestions.
www.biodata.pt
Force heterogeneities in particle assemblies: From order to disorder
Creators: name: Silbert, Leonardo E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of increasing structural disorder on the distribution of contact forces P(f), inside three dimensional particle assemblies is systematically studied using computer simulations of model granular packings. Starting from a face-centred cubic array, where all contact forces are identical, an increasing number of defects is introduced into the assembly, after which the system is then allowed to relax into a new mechanically stable state. Three distinct protocols for imposing disorder are compared. A quantitative measure of the disorder is obtained from distributions of the coordination number and three-particle contact angle. The distribution of normal contact forces show dramatic qualitative changes with increasing disorder. In the regime where the disorder is relatively weak, the pressure and the lowest normal mode frequency scale approximately linearly in the coordination number, with distance from the crystalline state. These results for P(f) are discussed in the context of jamming phenomena in glassy and granular materials.
description: To appear in PRE (7 pages, 10 figs)
Concept of a fast neutron detector based on 10B-RPCs
Creators: name: Morozov, A.
name: Margato, L. M. S.
name: Blanco, A.
name: Galaviz, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an alternative approach for the detection of fast neutrons in the energy range from 10-4 to 5 MeV based on 10B-RPCs (hybrid double-gap Resistive Plate Chambers with 10B4C neutron converters) surrounded by a polyethylene moderator. The detection efficiency as a function of the neutron energy is obtained in Monte Carlo simulations performed with the Geant4 toolkit for several detector configurations. The thickness of the neutron converter is optimized for the maximum efficiency. The results show that for this type of detector it is possible to obtain an average detection efficiency larger than 50% with a weak dependence on the neutron energy. The dark count rate and gamma sensitivity are also discussed.
in Memoriam Altbischof Prof. Dr. Friedrich Weber (1949-2015)
Creators: name: Schuegraf, Oliver
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 64 Nr. 1 (2015): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 64, Heft 1
Multicritical points for the spin glass models on hierarchical lattices
Creators: name: Ohzeki, Masayuki
name: Nishimori, Hidetoshi
name: Berker, A. Nihat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The locations of multicritical points on many hierarchical lattices are numerically investigated by the renormalization group analysis. The results are compared with an analytical conjecture derived by using the duality, the gauge symmetry and the replica method. We find that the conjecture does not give the exact answer but leads to locations slightly away from the numerically reliable data. We propose an improved conjecture to give more precise predictions of the multicritical points than the conventional one. This improvement is inspired by a new point of view coming from renormalization group and succeeds in deriving very consistent answers with many numerical data.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, 7 tables This is the published version
Supplemental Material for Reinsch, Mayer, and Blunk, 2021
Creators: name: Reinsch, Norbert
name: Mayer, Manfred
name: Blunk, Inga
Publisher: name: GSA Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 70201 Animal Breeding
subject: FOS: Animal and dairy science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 10402 Biostatistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Supplement has three parts.
Supplement 1 gives an overview and general description of six toy examples for generalized gametic imprinting models.
Supplement 2 provides an example pedigree and the lower triangular matrix from a decomposition of the corresponding inverse generalized gametic relationship matrix.
Supplement 3 includes a detailed description of mouse data analyses and results.
Efficient image retrieval using multi neural hash codes and bloom filters
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Sourin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper aims to deliver an efficient and modified approach for image retrieval using multiple neural hash codes and limiting the number of queries using bloom filters by identifying false positives beforehand. Traditional approaches involving neural networks for image retrieval tasks tend to use higher layers for feature extraction. But it has been seen that the activations of lower layers have proven to be more effective in a number of scenarios. In our approach, we have leveraged the use of local deep convolutional neural networks which combines the powers of both the features of lower and higher layers for creating feature maps which are then compressed using PCA and fed to a bloom filter after binary sequencing using a modified multi k-means approach. The feature maps obtained are further used in the image retrieval process in a hierarchical coarse-to-fine manner by first comparing the images in the higher layers for semantically similar images and then gradually moving towards the lower layers searching for structural similarities. While searching, the neural hashes for the query image are again calculated and queried in the bloom filter which tells us whether the query image is absent in the set or maybe present. If the bloom filter doesn't necessarily rule out the query, then it goes into the image retrieval process. This approach can be particularly helpful in cases where the image store is distributed since the approach supports parallel querying.
description: 2020 IEEE International Conference for Innovation in Technology. Asian Journal for Convergence in Technology(AJCT) Volume VI Issue III
Ciência Aberta contra a Desinformação: da iniciativa resistente de uma ferramenta de timeline à estratégia informacional de referência para políticas públicas
Creators: name: Pimenta, Ricardo
name: Regly, Tainá
name: Belfort, Hugo
name: Silva, Anna Karla
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão Pecha Kucha III, da 15ª Conferência Lusófona de Ciência Aberta, na Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto (ESEP), de 01 a 04 de outubro de 2024.
Probing Multiple Sight Lines through the SN 1006 Remnant by UV Absorption Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Winkler, P. Frank
name: Long, Knox S.
name: Hamilton, Andrew J. S.
name: Fesen, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Absorption-line spectroscopy is an effective probe for cold ejecta within an SNR, provided that suitable background UV sources can be identified. For the SN 1006 remnant we have identified four such sources, in addition to the much-studied Schweitzer-Middleditch (SM) star. We have used STIS on HST to obtain UV spectra of all four sources, to study "core samples" of the SN 1006 interior. The line of sight closest to the center of the SNR shell, passing only 2.0 arcmin away, is to a V = 19.5 QSO at z = 1.026. Its spectrum shows broad Fe II absorption lines, asymmetric with red wings broader than blue. The similarity of these profiles to those seen in the SM star, which is 2.8 arcmin from the center in the opposite direction, confirms the existence of a bulge on the far side of SN 1006. The Fe II equivalent widths in the QSO spectrum are ~ 50% greater than in the SM star, suggesting that somewhat more iron may be present within SN 1006 than studies of the SM star alone have indicated, but this is still far short of what most SNIa models require. The absorption spectrum against a brighter z = 0.337 QSO seen at 57% of the shell radius shows broad silicon absorption lines but no iron other than narrow, probably interstellar lines. The cold iron expanding in this direction must be confined within v
description: 26 pages, 8 postscript figures
Modelling WTP for sustainably farmed fish: A contingent valuation study in Ireland and Norway
Creators: name: Hynes, S.,
name: Ravagnan, E.
name: Gjerstad, B.
name: Hynes, S.,
name: Ravagnan, E.
name: Gjerstad, B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: salmon farming
subject: aquaculture
subject: contingent valuation method
subject: bivariate
subject: probit
subject: WTP

description: In this paper Norwegian and Irish consumers’ willingness to pay for salmon that is produced under more sustainable aquaculture practices is examined using the contingent valuation method. A bivariate probit model is estimated where the consideration of environmentally friendly fish farming at time of purchase is jointly estimated with willingness to pay. The predicted joint probabilities of the bivariate probit model are calculated in order to examine if concerns for the environmental credentials of salmon aquaculture translate into willingness to pay a price premium for sustainably farmed fish. The results suggest that environmental concerns and attitudes are not the sole motivating factors influencing consumption behaviours
Strichartz Estimates in Wiener Amalgam Spaces for the Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: Cordero, E.
name: Nicola, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B65, 35J1035B40, 42B35

description: We study the dispersive properties of the Schrödinger equation. Precisely, we look for estimates which give a control of the local regularity and decay at infinity {\it separately}. The Banach spaces that allow such a treatment are the Wiener amalgam spaces, and Strichartz-type estimates are proved in this framework. These estimates improve some of the classical ones in the case of large time.
Low star formation efficiency due to turbulent adiabatic compression in the Taffy bridge
Creators: name: Vollmer, B.
name: Braine, J.
name: Mazzilli-Ciraulo, B.
name: Schneider, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Taffy system (UGC 12914/15) consists of two massive spiral galaxies which had a head-on collision about 20 Myr ago. New sensitive, high-resolution CO(1-0) observations of the Taffy system with the IRAM PdBI are presented. About 25% of the total interferometric CO luminosity stems from the bridge region. Assuming a Galactic N(H2)/ICO conversion factor for the galactic disks and a third of this value for the bridge gas, about 10% of the molecular gas mass is located in the bridge region. The giant HII region close to UGC 12915 is located at the northern edge of the high-surface brightness giant molecular cloud association (GMA), which has the highest velocity dispersion among the bridge GMAs. The bridge GMAs are clearly not virialized because of their high velocity dispersion. Three dynamical models are presented and while no single model reproduces all of the observed features, they are all present in at least one of the models. Most of the bridge gas detected in CO does not form stars. We suggest that turbulent adiabatic compression is responsible for the exceptionally high velocity dispersion of the molecular ISM and the suppression of star formation in the Taffy bridge. In this scenario the turbulent velocity dispersion of the largest eddies and turbulent substructures/clouds increase such that giant molecular clouds are no longer in global virial equilibrium. The increase of the virial parameter leads to a decrease of the star formation efficiency. Most of the low-surface density, CO-emitting gas will disperse without forming stars but some of the high-density gas will probably collapse and form dense star clusters, such as the luminous HII region close to UGC 12915. We suggest that globular clusters and super star clusters formed and still form through the gravitational collapse of gas previously compressed by turbulent adiabatic compression during galaxy interactions.
description: accepted for publication in A&A, corrected Observations section
Fracture surfaces of heterogeneous materials: a 2D solvable model
Creators: name: Katzav, E.
name: Adda-Bedia, M.
name: Derrida, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using an elastostatic description of crack growth based on the Griffith criterion and the principle of local symmetry, we present a stochastic model describing the propagation of a crack tip in a 2D heterogeneous brittle material. The model ensures the stability of straight cracks and allows for the study of the roughening of fracture surfaces. When neglecting the effect of the non singular stress, the problem becomes exactly solvable and yields analytic predictions for the power spectrum of the paths. This result suggests an alternative to the conventional power law analysis often used in the analysis of experimental data.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Moment of Inertia and Dynamical Rotational Response of a Supersolid Dipolar Gas
Creators: name: Roccuzzo, S. M.
name: Recati, A.
name: Stringari, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the knowledge of the time dependent response of a trapped gas, subject to a sudden rotation of a confining harmonic potential, allows for the determination of the moment of inertia of dipolar supersolid configurations. While in the presence of one-dimensional arrays of droplets the frequency of the resulting scissors oscillation provides accurate access to the value of the moment of inertia, two-dimensional like configurations are characterized by a multi-frequency structure in the rotating signal, reflecting the presence of significant rigid body components in the rotational motion. Using the formalism of response function theory and simulations based on the so-called extended time dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation, we point out the crucial role played by the low frequency components in the determination of the moment of inertia and of its deviations from the irrotational value. We also propose a protocol based on the stationary rotation of the trap, followed by its sudden stop, which might provide a promising alternative to the experimental evaluation of the moment of inertia.
Quantum dynamics of magnetically controlled network for Bloch electrons
Creators: name: Yang, S.
name: Song, Z.
name: Sun, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum dynamics of wave packet motion of Bloch electrons in quantum networks with the tight-binding approach for different types of nearest-neighbor interactions. For various geometrical configurations, these networks can function as some optical devices, such as beam splitters and interferometers. When the Bloch electrons with the Gaussian wave packets input these devices, various quantum coherence phenomena can be observed, e.g., the perfect quantum state transfer without reflection in a Y-shaped beam, the multi- mode entanglers of electron wave by star shaped network and Bloch electron interferometer with the lattice Aharonov-Bohm effects. Behind these conceptual quantum devices are the physical mechanism that, for hopping parameters with some specific values, a connected quantum networks can be reduced into a virtual network, which is a direct sum of some irreducible subnetworks. Thus, the perfect quantum state transfer in each subnetwork in this virtual network can be regarded as a coherent beam splitting process. Analytical and numerical investigations show the controllability of wave packet motion in these quantum networks by the magnetic flux through some loops of these networks, or by adjusting the couplings on nodes. We find the essential differences in these quantum coherence effects when the different wave packets enter these quantum networks initially. With these quantum coherent features, they are expected to be used as quantum information processors for the fermion system based on the possible engineered solid state systems, such as the array of quantum dots that can be implemented experimentally.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, references updated
MOLIYAVIY BOZORLARNING O'ZGARUVCHANLIGI: SABABLARI VA TA'SIRLARI
Creators: name: Alixonov, Ro'zali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Moliyaviy bozorlarning o'zgaruvchanligi iqtisodiy tizimning muhim xususiyatlaridan biridir. O'zgaruvchanlik investorlar, iqtisodchilar va siyosatchilar uchun juda muhim, chunki bu bozorlarning barqarorligi va iqtisodiy rivojlanishiga ta'sir qiladi. Ushbu tezisda moliyaviy bozorlarning o'zgaruvchanligi sabablari va ta'sirlari haqida so’z boradi.
The Extended Local Supercluster
Creators: name: Peebles, P. J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has long been established but seldom noticed that we are in a region at least 170 Mpc across in which different types of galaxies show different degrees of alignment with the plane of the de Vaucouleurs Local Supercluster. While clusters of galaxies and radio galaxies at redshifts less than 0.02 are concentrated at low supergalactic latitudes, the most luminous galaxies in the infrared, LIRGs, show little correlation with this plane. The most luminous early-type galaxies are concentrated at low supergalactic latitudes, but similarly luminous spirals are not noticeably so. The cross-correlations of the positions of what might be termed field galaxies with positions of clusters and LIRGs offer a measure of the situation. The mean density at distance 0.5 Mpc from a LIRG is comparable to the mean density at that distance from a cluster of galaxies, but the mean density 5 Mpc from a LIRG is well below the mean density at that distance from a cluster and not much greater than the cosmic mean density. Discussion of issues arising is brief.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures. This is the version published in MNRAS
Die Rolle der Kirchen seit der sozio-politischen Wende vor 25 Jahren in Europa und ökumenisch-theologische Überlegungen zum Gerechten Frieden
Creators: name: Rimestad, Claudia
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 64 Nr. 1 (2015): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 64, Heft 1
Locally-zero Groupoids and the Center of Bin(X)
Creators: name: Fayoumi, Hiba F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20N02

description: In this paper we introduce the notion of the center $ZBin(X)$ in the semigroup $Bin(X)$ of all binary systems on a set $X$, and show that if $(X,\bullet)\in ZBin(X)$, then $x\not=y$ implies $\{x,y\}=\{x\bullet y,y\bullet x\}$.Moreover, we show that a groupoid $(X,\bullet )\in ZBin(X)$ if and only if it is a locally-zero groupoid.
description: 6 pages; http://koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO201115037885418.pdf
The politics of Islamicfundamentalism in Pakistan: a case study of the Jamaat-I-Islami
Creators: name: Omand, Carolyn Mairi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The rise of Islamic fundamentalism is a response to the contemporary moral, political and economic challenges facing the Muslim world. This thesis examines the interaction of religion and politics and analyzes the social and political impact of fundamentalism in Pakistan. A number of conditions have encouraged the rise of fundamentalism in Pakistan since the country was created five decades ago. The perceived failure of Western developmental models ~ accompanied by rapid industrialization, uncontrolled urbanization, economic insecurity and international vulnerability — has encouraged many Pakistanis to look for an alternative with an Islamic agenda. A major force in promoting fundamentalism in Pakistan has been the Jamaat-i-Islami political party. The strength of the Jamaat-i-Islami as a social force is examined, and also its limitations in the political arena, where it has influenced politics but failed to control them. Survival as a political party over the past fifty years has demanded organizational compromise and accommodation. Although it has not achieved significant legislative power, the Jamaat-i-Islami as the articulator of fundamentalist values has played an important watchdog role and shaped the social, economic and political nature of the country. The Jamaat's political involvement is important and likely to continue, since the organization has proved effective in mobilization and in the role of moral guardian. However, its real contribution has been its ability to influence the scope of Islamization in Pakistan. The emergence and growth of the Jamaat's ideology and organization provide a useful case study of fundamentalism in modern Islam where goals have gravitated from revolution to reform. iii
Quantum thermal transport in nanostructures
Creators: name: Wang, Jian-Sheng
name: Wang, Jian
name: Lu, J. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this colloquia review we discuss methods for thermal transport calculations for nanojunctions connected to two semi-infinite leads served as heat-baths. Our emphases are on fundamental quantum theory and atomistic models. We begin with an introduction of the Landauer formula for ballistic thermal transport and give its derivation from scattering wave point of view. Several methods (scattering boundary condition, mode-matching, Piccard and Caroli formulas) of calculating the phonon transmission coefficients are given. The nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) method is reviewed and the Caroli formula is derived. We also give iterative methods and an algorithm based on a generalized eigenvalue problem for the calculation of surface Green's functions, which are starting point for an NEGF calculation. A systematic exposition for the NEGF method is presented, starting with the fundamental definitions of the Green's functions, and ending with equations of motion for the contour ordered Green's functions and Feynman diagrammatic expansion. In the later part, we discuss the treatments of nonlinear effects in heat conduction, including a phenomenological expression for the transmission, NEGF for phonon-phonon interactions, molecular dynamics (generalized Langevin) with quantum heat-baths, and electron-phonon interactions. Some new results are also shown. We also briefly review the experimental status of the thermal transport measurements in nanostructures.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures, over 200 references
Supplementary information from Enthesis strength, toughness and stiffness: an image-based model comparing tendon insertions with varying bony attachment geometries
Creators: name: Golman, Mikhail
name: Birman, Victor
name: Thomopoulos, Stavros
name: Genin, Guy M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Tendons of the body differ dramatically in their function, mechanics and range of motion, but all connect to bone via an enthesis. Effective force transfer at the enthesis enables joint stability and mobility, with strength and stiffness arising from a fibrous architecture. However, how enthesis toughness arises across tendons with diverse loading orientations remains unclear. To study this, we performed simultaneous imaging of the bone and tendon in entheses that represent the range of tendon-to-bone insertions and extended a mathematical model to account for variations in insertion and bone geometry. We tested the hypothesis that toughness, across a range of tendon entheses, could be explained by differences observed in interactions between fibre architecture and bone architecture. In the model, toughness arose from fibre reorientation, recruitment and rupture, mediated by interactions between fibres at the enthesis and the bony ridge abutting it. When applied to tendons sometimes characterized as either energy-storing or positional, the model predicted that entheses of the former prioritize toughness over strength, while those of the latter prioritize consistent stiffness across loading directions. Results provide insight into techniques for surgical repair of tendon-to-bone attachments, and more broadly into mechanisms for the attachment of highly dissimilar materials.
15 years of Galactic surveys and hard X-ray Background measurements
Creators: name: Krivonos, Roman A.
name: Bird, Antony J.
name: Churazov, Eugene M.
name: Tomsick, John A.
name: Bazzano, Angela
name: Beckmann, Volker
name: Belanger, Guillaume
name: Bodaghee, Arash
name: Chaty, Sylvain
name: Kuulkers, Erik
name: Lutovinov, Alexander
name: Malizia, Angela
name: Masetti, Nicola
name: Mereminskiy, Ilya A.
name: Sunyaev, Rashid
name: Tsygankov, Sergey S.
name: Ubertini, Pietro
name: Winkler, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The INTEGRAL hard X-ray surveys have proven to be of fundamental importance. INTEGRAL has mapped the Galactic plane with its large field of view and excellent sensitivity. Such hard X-ray snapshots of the whole Milky Way on a time scale of a year are beyond the capabilities of past and current narrow-FOV grazing incidence X-ray telescopes. By expanding the INTEGRAL X-ray survey into shorter timescales, a productive search for transient X-ray emitters was made possible. In more than fifteen years of operation, the INTEGRAL observatory has given us a sharper view of the hard X-ray sky, and provided the triggers for many follow-up campaigns from radio frequencies to gamma-rays. In addition to conducting a census of hard X-ray sources across the entire sky, INTEGRAL has carried out, through Earth occultation maneuvers, unique observations of the large-scale cosmic X-ray background, which will without question be included in the annals of X-ray astronomy as one of the mission's most salient contribution to our understanding of the hard X-ray sky.
description: 23 pages, 16 figures, 1 table, will be published in New Astronomy Reviews issue 15 years of INTEGRAL science