cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The principal neuronal gD-type 3-O-sulfotransferases and their products in central and peripheral nervous system tissues☆
Creators: name: YABE, T
name: SPEAR, P
name: RHODES, J
name: LAMPERTI, E
name: TOSELLI, P
name: LECH, M
name: MCNEELY, M
name: HAJMOHAMMADI, S
name: LIU, J
name: LAWRENCE, R
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Within the nervous system, heparan sulfate (HS) of the cell surface and extracellular matrix influences developmental, physiologic and pathologic processes. HS is a functionally diverse polysaccharide that employs motifs of sulfate groups to selectively bind and modulate various effector proteins. Specific HS activities are modulated by 3-O-sulfated glucosamine residues, which are generated by a family of seven 3-O-sulfotransferases (3-OSTs). Most isoforms we herein designate as gD-type 3-OSTs because they generate HSgD+, 3-O-sulfated motifs that bind the gD envelope protein of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and thereby mediate viral cellular entry. Certain gD-type isoforms are anticipated to modulate neurobiologic events, because a Drosophila gD-type 3-OST is essential for a conserved neurogenic signaling pathway regulated by Notch. Information about 3-OST isoforms expressed in the nervous system of mammals is incomplete. Here, we identify the 3-OST isoforms having properties compatible with their participation in neurobiologic events. We show that 3-OST-2 and 3-OST-4 are principal isoforms of brain. We find these are gD-type enzymes, as they produce products similar to a prototypical gD-type isoform, and they can modify HS to generate receptors for HSV-1 entry into cells. Therefore, 3-OST-2 and 3-OST-4 catalyze modifications similar or identical to those made by the Drosophila gD-type 3-OST that has a role in regulating Notch signaling. We also find that 3-OST-2 and 3-OST-4 are the predominant isoforms expressed in neurons of the trigeminal ganglion, and 3-OST-2/4-type 3-O-sulfated residues occur in this ganglion and in select brain regions. Thus, 3-OST-2 and 3-OST-4 are the major neural gD-type 3-OSTs, and so are prime candidates for participating in HS-dependent neurobiologic events.
Decorin modulates collagen matrix assembly and mineralization
Creators: name: Boskey, Adele L.
name: Atsawasuwan, Phimon
name: Yamauchi, Mitsuo
name: Pornprasertsuk-Damrongsri, Suchaya
name: Sricholpech, Marnisa
name: Mochida, Yoshiyuki
name: Parisuthiman, Duenpim
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Decorin (DCN) is one of the major matrix proteoglycans in bone. To investigate the role of DCN in matrix mineralization, the expression of DCN in MC3T3-E1 (MC) cell cultures and the phenotypes of MC-derived clones expressing higher (sense; S-DCN) or lower (antisense; AS-DCN) levels of DCN were characterized. DCN expression was significantly decreased as the mineralized nodules were formed and expanded in vitro. In S-DCN clones, in vitro matrix mineralization was inhibited, whereas in AS-DCN clones, mineralization was accelerated. At the microscopic level, collagen fibers in S-DCN clones were thinner while those of AS-DCN clones were thicker and lacked directionality compared to the controls. At the ultrastructural level, the collagen fibrils in S-DCN clones were markedly thinner, whereas those of AS-DCN clones were larger and irregular in shape. The results from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis demonstrated that in AS-DCN cultures the mineral content was greater but the crystallinity of mineral was poorer than that of the controls at early stage of mineralization. The in vivo transplantation assay demonstrated that no mineralized matrices were formed in S-DCN transplants, whereas they were readily detected in AS-DCN transplants at 3 weeks of transplantation. The areas of bone-like matrices in AS-DCN transplants were significantly greater than the controls at 3 weeks but became comparable at 5 weeks. The bone-like matrices in AS-DCN transplants exhibited woven bone-like non-lamellar structure while the lamellar bone-like structure was evident in the control transplants. These results suggest that DCN regulates matrix mineralization by modulating collagen assembly.
Explaining Acceptance of State Surveillance:  Polarization, Ideology, and Partisan Alignment
Creators: name: Wallace, Ian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: This paper tests whether partisan alignment, defined as having last voted for the governing party, leads to greater acceptance of state surveillance powers. The present study frames partisan alignment as a potential locus of political polarization around which individuals may structure attitudes towards the state wielding its authority to conduct surveillance. The analysis provides evidence that ptisan alignment has a positive predictive effect on public opinion regarding state surveillance irrespective of national levels of polarization. Partisan alignment was additionally found to be positively associated with counterterrorism policing as well. Further exploration reveals that the effects on state surveillance are particularly pronounced in countries with ideologically right-leaning governments and are reduced in countries with left-leaning and centrist governments. The results suggest that an individual’s opinion of governmental powers and policies outwardly intended to maintain public safety are influenced by their alignment with the parties in control of government.
Early Diagnosis: A critical step in managing the increasing trend of cardiac diseases in dogs
Creators: name: Pallav Shekhar, Namrata, Vivek Kumar Singh, Mritunjay Kumar, Gyandev Singh
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description:       Cardiac disease is one of the most important diseases of dogs.  Its prevalence is increasing day by day and mostly remain undiagnosed. There is sharp rise in canine population in post COVID era and more canine diseases are being reported to veterinarians. Canine cardiac diseases are common, complex but remain unnoticed by the pet parents due lack of awareness and failure to appreciate common signs. It is considered as a silent killer disease and is the second most important cause of death in dogs. With the change in lifestyle of both human and their dogs where there is less physical activity, no exercise, more consumption of fat and high energy diet, obesity is encountered commonly in them.  Dogs are kept as companions to relive the stress and induce physical activity, but the change in nature of job of their owners they mostly remain confined to bedrooms. Canine heart diseases could be reported at any age; however, age is the greatest risk factor for cardiac disease in dogs similar to humans. In small breeds 9 to 13 years, in medium breeds 9 to 11 years, in large breeds 7 to 10 years and in case of giant breeds 6 to 9 years of age is considered geriatric. It is estimated that 10-15% of all dogs are affected by heart disease.

      The awareness among pet parents about the cardinal signs of cardiac disease is crucial for its timely diagnosis and treatment. Modern diagnostic tools like electrocardiography, radiography and echocardiography are available in veterinary practice to aid in accurate diagnosis of cardiac diseases in canines.
Neutrophil elastase cleaves the murine hemidesmosomal protein BP180/type XVII collagen and generates degradation products that modulate experimental bullous pemphigoid
Creators: name: Shapiro, Steven D.
name: Lin, Lan
name: Li, Ning
name: Betsuyaku, Tomoko
name: Heimbach, Lisa
name: Rubenstein, David
name: Giudice, George J.
name: Liu, Zhi
name: Diaz, Luis A.
name: Senior, Robert M.
name: An, Lijia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease associated with autoantibodies against the hemidesmosomal proteins BP180 and BP230. In the IgG passive transfer model of BP, blister formation is triggered by anti-BP180 IgG and depends on complement activation, mast cell degranulation, and neutrophil recruitment. Mice lacking neutrophil elastase (NE) do not develop experimental BP. Here, we demonstrated that NE degrades recombinant mouse BP180 within the immunodominant extracellular domain at amino acid positions 506 and 561, generating peptide p561 and peptide p506. Peptide p561 is chemotactic for neutrophils both in vitro and in vivo. Local injection of NE into B6 mice recruits neutrophils to the skin, and neutrophil infiltration is completely blocked by co-injection with the NE inhibitor α1-proteinase inhibitor. More importantly, NE directly cleaves BP180 in mouse and human skin, as well as the native human BP180 trimer molecule. These results demonstrate that (i) NE directly damages the extracellular matrix and (ii) NE degradation of mouse BP180 generates neutrophil chemotactic peptides that amplify disease severity at the early stage of the disease.
Skew flat fibrations
Creators: name: Harrison, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55R15

description: A fibration of ${\mathbb R}^n$ by oriented copies of ${\mathbb R}^p$ is called skew if no two fibers intersect nor contain parallel directions. Conditions on $p$ and $n$ for the existence of such a fibration were given by Ovsienko and Tabachnikov. A classification of smooth fibrations of ${\mathbb R}^3$ by skew oriented lines was given by Salvai, in analogue with the classification of oriented great circle fibrations of $S^3$ by Gluck and Warner. We show that Salvai's classification has a topological variation which generalizes to characterize all continuous fibrations of ${\mathbb R}^n$ by skew oriented copies of ${\mathbb R}^p$. We show that the space of fibrations of ${\mathbb R}^3$ by skew oriented lines deformation retracts to the subspace of Hopf fibrations, and therefore has the homotopy type of a pair of disjoint copies of $S^2$. We discuss skew fibrations in the complex and quaternionic setting and give a necessary condition for the existence of a fibration of ${\mathbb C}^n$ (${\mathbb H}^n$) by skew oriented copies of ${\mathbb C}^p$ (${\mathbb H}^p$).
description: Mathematische Zeitschrift, 2015, http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00209-015-1538-0
UNDERSTANDING SALES PROMOTION TECHNIQUES AND THEIR IMPACT ON ELECTRONIC BRAND RECOGNITION IN RIVERS STATE
Creators: name: Dr. Chibuzo Okechukwu, Ibe
Publisher: name: keith journal
Year: 2025
Subjects: Brand recognition, Sales promotion techniques, premium and Price Discount

description: This study investigates Sales promotion techniques and brand recognition of electronic stores in Rivers State. The study adopted survey research design. Based on the research questions, hypotheses were formulated. Using convenience sampling procedure, thirty-six (36) electronics stores were simple randomly selected and 3 copies of questionnaire were given to each firm making it one hundred and eight (108) copies distributed to only management staff. The questionnaire was structured using a five-point likert scale, Spearman Rank Order Correlation was used to test if the independent variable and its dimensions as associated with the dependent variable. The findings revealed that Sales promotion techniques have a strong positive association with brand recognition of electronic stores in Port Harcourt. We therefore recommend that electronic firms/dealers should maintain the policy of aligning their Sales promotion techniques to reflect quick recognition of their brand.
Measures of Systemic Risk
Creators: name: Feinstein, Zachary
name: Rudloff, Birgit
name: Weber, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Systemic risk refers to the risk that the financial system is susceptible to failures due to the characteristics of the system itself. The tremendous cost of systemic risk requires the design and implementation of tools for the efficient macroprudential regulation of financial institutions. The current paper proposes a novel approach to measuring systemic risk. Key to our construction is a rigorous derivation of systemic risk measures from the structure of the underlying system and the objectives of a financial regulator. The suggested systemic risk measures express systemic risk in terms of capital endowments of the financial firms. Their definition requires two ingredients: a cash flow or value model that assigns to the capital allocations of the entities in the system a relevant stochastic outcome; and an acceptability criterion, i.e. a set of random outcomes that are acceptable to a regulatory authority. Systemic risk is measured by the set of allocations of additional capital that lead to acceptable outcomes. We explain the conceptual framework and the definition of systemic risk measures, provide an algorithm for their computation, and illustrate their application in numerical case studies. Many systemic risk measures in the literature can be viewed as the minimal amount of capital that is needed to make the system acceptable after aggregating individual risks, hence quantify the costs of a bail-out. In contrast, our approach emphasizes operational systemic risk measures that include both ex post bailout costs as well as ex ante capital requirements and may be used to prevent systemic crises.
description: 35 pages, 11 figures
Testing the tensor-vector-scalar Theory with the latest cosmological observations
Creators: name: Xu, Xiao-dong
name: Wang, Bin
name: Zhang, Pengjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tensor-vector-scalar (TeVeS) model is considered a viable theory of gravity. It produces the Milgrom's modified Newtonian dynamics in the nonrelativistic weak field limit and is free from ghosts. This model has been tested against various cosmological observations. Here we investigate whether new observations such as the galaxy velocity power spectrum measured by 6dF and the kinetic Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect power spectrum measured by ACT/SPT can put further constraints on the TeVeS model. Furthermore, we perform the test of TeVeS cosmology with a sterile neutrino by confronting to Planck data, and find that it is ruled out by cosmic microwave background measurements from the Planck mission.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
The Use of Project-Based Learning Focusing on English for Communication Skills for Students at Mahapajapati Buddhist College (MBC)
Creators: name: Chonlawat Kimsua
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2023
Subjects: Project-Based Learning (PBL)
English for Communication Skills
Mahapajapati Buddhist College (MBC)

description: International Journal of Sociologies and Anthropologies Science Reviews, 3, 1, 67-74
Equidistribution and convergence speed for zeros of holomorphic sections of singular Hermitian line bundles
Creators: name: Dinh, Tien-Cuong
name: Ma, Xiaonan
name: Marinescu, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32L

description: We establish the equidistribution of zeros of random holomorphic sections of powers of a semipositive singular Hermitian line bundle, with an estimate of the convergence speed.
description: 23pages. Final version in Journal of Functional Analysis, (2016)
Axonopsis (Hexaxonopsis) niraensis Cook 1967
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Axonopsidae
Axonopsis
Axonopsis niraensis

description: Axonopsis (Hexaxonopsis) niraensis Cook, 1967
Records from the study area: Maharashtra—Cook (1967); Prasad (1974).
Habitat: Rivers.
Distribution: India.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
The Potential for Blood-Brain-Barrier (BBB) Disruption During 3D Transcranial Ultrasound Super-Resolution Imaging
Creators: name: Lee, Hanjoo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Super-Resolution (SR) ultrasound dramatically improves the resolution of microvascular images beyond the diffraction limit. It is well-established that ultrasound with contrast agents, like those used in SR, can open the blood brain barrier (BBB) under certain conditions. This study aims to quantify potential BBB disruption during 3D transcranial ultrasound SR as a function of mechanical index (MI) and pressure distribution. Mice were imaged using conventional 3D SR sequences. BBB disruption was quantified through fluorescence imaging of dye extravasation for 0-0.78 transmit MI (measured in water). Results suggest 3D SR at 0.78 MI induced BBB opening; however, imaging was achievable without significant dye extravasation below 0.78. Hydrophone measurements and 3D modeling were performed to estimate local pressure distributions in the brain. Estimates of local MI within the brain indicate 0.44-0.53 MI generates BBB bioeffects. Results may help inform parameter choices for effectively conducting transcranial 3D SR imaging to avoid BBB opening.
Integrins and chondrocyte–matrix interactions in articular cartilage
Creators: name: Loeser, Richard F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The integrin family of cell adhesion receptors plays a major role in mediating interactions between cells and the extracellular matrix. Normal adult articular chondrocytes express α1β1, α3β1, α5β1, α10β1, αVβ1, αVβ3, and αVβ5 integrins, while chondrocytes from osteoarthritic tissue also express α2β1, α4β1, α6β1. These integrins bind a host of cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, most notably fibronectin and collagen types II and VI, which provide signals that regulate cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, and matrix remodeling. By initiating signals in response to mechanical forces, chondrocyte integrins also serve as mechanotransducers. When the cartilage matrix is damaged in osteoarthritis, fragments of fibronectin are generated that signal through the α5β1 integrin to activate a pro-inflammatory and pro-catabolic response which, if left unchecked, could contribute to progressive matrix degradation. The cell signaling pathways activated in response to excessive mechanical signals and to fibronectin fragments are being unraveled and may represent useful therapeutic targets for slowing or stopping progressive matrix destruction in arthritis.
A High Throughput Fluorescence Polarization Assay for Inhibitors of the GoLoco Motif/G-alpha Interaction
Creators: name: Yasgar, Adam
name: Siderovski, David
name: Simeonov, Anton
name: Jadhav, Ajit
name: Hughes, Mark
name: Kimple, Adam
name: Austin, Christopher
name: Inglese, James
name: Ibeanu, Gordon
name: Willard, Francis
name: Muller, Robin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The GoLoco motif is a short Gα-binding polypeptide sequence. It is often found in proteins that regulate cell-surface receptor signaling, such as RGS12, as well as in proteins that regulate mitotic spindle orientation and force generation during cell division, such as GPSM2/LGN. Here, we describe a high-throughput fluorescence polarization (FP) assay using fluorophore-labeled GoLoco motif peptides for identifying inhibitors of the GoLoco motif interaction with the G-protein alpha subunit Gαi1. The assay exhibits considerable stability over time and is tolerant to DMSO up to 5%. The Z′-factors for robustness of the GPSM2 and RGS12 GoLoco motif assays in a 96-well plate format were determined to be 0.81 and 0.84, respectively; the latter assay was run in a 384-well plate format and produced a Z′-factor of 0.80. To determine the screening factor window (Z-factor) of the RGS12 GoLoco motif screen using a small molecule library, the NCI Diversity Set was screened. The Z-factor was determined to be 0.66, suggesting that this FP assay would perform well when developed for 1,536-well format and scaled up to larger libraries. We then miniaturized to a 4 μL final volume a pair of FP assays utilizing fluorescein- (green) and rhodamine- (red) labeled RGS12 GoLoco motif peptides. In a fully-automated run, the Sigma-Aldrich LOPAC1280 collection was screened three times with every library compound being tested over a range of concentrations following the quantitative high-throughput screening (qHTS) paradigm; excellent assay performance was noted with average Z-factors of 0.84 and 0.66 for the green- and red-label assays, respectively.
On centrality of $K_2$ for Chevalley groups of type $E_l$
Creators: name: Sinchuk, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19C09, 20G35

description: For a root system $Φ$ of type $E_l$ and arbitrary commutative ring $R$ we show that the group $K_2(Φ, R)$ is contained in the centre of the Steinberg group $St(Φ, R)$. In course of the proof we also demonstrate an analogue of Quillen---Suslin local-global principle for $K_2(Φ, R)$.
Development of Selective High Affinity Antagonists, Agonists, and Radioligands for the P2Y1 Receptor
Creators: name: Houston, Dayle
name: Harden, T.
name: Jacobson, Kenneth
name: Costanzi, Stefano
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The P2Y1 receptor is a member of the P2Y family of nucleotide-activated G protein-coupled receptors, and it is an important therapeutic target based on its broad tissue distribution and essential role in platelet aggregation. We have designed a set of highly selective and diverse pharmacological tools for studying the P2Y1 receptor using a rational approach to ligand design. Based on the discovery that bisphosphate analogues of the P2Y1 receptor agonist, ADP, are partial agonists/competitive antagonists of this receptor, an iterative approach was used to develop competitive antagonists with enhanced affinity and selectivity. Halogen substitutions of the 2-position of the adenine ring provided increased affinity while an N6 methyl substitution eliminated partial agonist activity. Furthermore, various replacements of the ribose ring with symmetrically branched, phosphorylated acyclic structures revealed that the ribose is not necessary for recognition at the P2Y1 receptor. Finally, replacement of the ribose ring with a five member methanocarba ring constrained in the Northern conformation conferred dramatic increases in affinity to both P2Y1 receptor antagonists as well as agonists. These combined structural modifications have resulted in a series of selective high affinity antagonists of the P2Y1 receptor, two broadly applicable radioligands, and a high affinity agonist capable of selectively activating the P2Y1 receptor in human platelets. Complementary receptor modeling and computational ligand docking have provided a putative structural framework for the drug-receptor interactions. A similar rational approach is being applied to develop selective ligands for other subtypes of P2Y receptors.
Experimental determination of multipartite entanglement with incomplete information
Creators: name: Aguilar, G. H.
name: Walborn, S. P.
name: Ribeiro, P. H. Souto
name: Céleri, L. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multipartite entanglement is very poorly understood despite all the theoretical and experimental advances of the last decades. Preparation, manipulation and identification of this resource is crucial for both practical and fundamental reasons. However, the difficulty in the practical manipulation and the complexity of the data generated by measurements on these systems increase rapidly with the number of parties. Therefore, we would like to experimentally address the problem of how much information about multipartite entanglement we can access with incomplete measurements. In particular, it was shown that some types of pure multipartite entangled states can be witnessed without measuring the correlations [M. Walter et al., Science 340, 1205 (2013)] between parties, which is strongly demanding experimentally. We explore this method using an optical setup that permits the preparation and the complete tomographic reconstruction of many inequivalent classes of three- and four-partite entangled states, and compare complete versus incomplete information. We show that the method is useful in practice, even for non-pure states or non ideal measurement conditions.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures. Close to published version
State-Selective Binding Peptides for Heterotrimeric G-Protein Subunits:Novel Tools for Investigating G-Protein Signaling Dynamics
Creators: name: Johnston, Christopher
name: Roques, C.
name: Willard, Francis
name: Blaesius, Rainer
name: Siderovski, David
name: Ramer, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Heterotrimeric G-proteins, comprising Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits, are molecular switches that regulate numerous signaling pathways involved in cellular physiology. This characteristic is achieved by the adoption of two principal states: an inactive state in which GDP-bound Gα is complexed with the Gβγ dimer, and an active state in which GTP-bound Gα is freed of its Gβγ binding partner. Structural studies have illustrated the basis for the distinct conformations of these states which are regulated by alterations in three precise ‘switch regions’ of the Gα subunit. Discrete differences in conformation between GDP- and GTP-bound Gαunderlie its nucleotide-dependent protein-protein interactions (e.g., with Gβγ/receptor and effectors, respectively) that are critical for maintaining their proper nucleotide cycling and signaling properties. Recently, several screening approaches have been used to identify peptide sequences capable of interacting with Gα (and free Gβγ) in nucleotide-dependent fashions. These peptides have demonstrated applications in direct modulation of the nucleotide cycle, assessing the structural basis for aspects of Gα and Gβγ signaling, and serving as biosensor tools in assays for Gα activation including high-throughput drug screening. In this review, we highlight some of the methods used for such discoveries and discuss the insights that can be gleaned from application of these identified peptides.
Distinguishing geometries using finite quotients
Creators: name: Wilton, Henry
name: Zalesskii, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the profinite completion of the fundamental group of a compact 3-manifold $M$ satisfies a Tits alternative: if a closed subgroup $H$ does not contain a free pro-$p$ subgroup for any $p$, then $H$ is virtually soluble, and furthermore of a very particular form. In particular, the profinite completion of the fundamental group of a closed, hyperbolic 3-manifold does not contain a subgroup isomorphic to $\hat{\mathbb{Z}}^2$. This gives a profinite characterization of hyperbolicity among irreducible 3-manifolds. We also characterize Seifert fibred 3-manifolds as precisely those for which the profinite completion of the fundamental group has a non-trivial procyclic normal subgroup. Our techniques also apply to hyperbolic, virtually special groups, in the sense of Haglund and Wise. Finally, we prove that every finitely generated pro-$p$ subgroup of the profinite completion of a torsion-free, hyperbolic, virtually special group is free pro-$p$.
description: 45 pages. Added Lemmas 4.5 and 4.6, showing that the cusp subgroups of a hyperbolic 3-manifold group profinitely form a malnormal family. This is the final version accepted for publication
A cut-cell method for simulating spatial models of biochemical reaction networks in arbitrary geometries
Creators: name: Strychalski, Wanda
name: Elston, Timothy
name: Adalsteinsson, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Cells use signaling networks consisting of multiple interacting proteins to respond to changes in their environment. In many situations, such as chemotaxis, spatial and temporal information must be transmitted through the network. Recent computational studies have emphasized the importance of cellular geometry in signal transduction, but have been limited in their ability to accurately represent complex cell morphologies. We present a finite volume method that addresses this problem. Our method uses Cartesian cut cells and is second order in space and time. We use our method to simulate several models of signaling systems in realistic cell morphologies obtained from live cell images and examine the effects of geometry on signal transduction.
title: Информационная безопасность и защита информации
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2023

description: В учебном пособии кратко рассмотрены основные понятия теории множеств, перестановки, бинарные отношения и законы композиции, а также модели систем информационной безопасности, преобразования, обработки и защиты информации и результаты их системного анализа. В приложениях освещены понятия количества информации и энтропии, а также вопросы теоретической и практической стойкости криптографических систем. Подготовлено в соответствии с требованиями Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего образования. Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов, обучающихся по укрупненным группам специальностей и направлений подготовки 09.00.00 «Информатика и вычислительная техника», 10.00.00 «Информационная безопасность», изучающих дисциплины «Информационная безопасность и защита информации», «Информационная безопасность», «Защита информации», «Теория систем и системный анализ», «Теория информации», а также студентов других специальностей и направлений, учебными планами которых предусмотрено изучение указанных курсов. Представленные материалы могут быть интересны широкому кругу педагогических работников, а также аспирантам и преподавателям технических специальностей, научным и инженерно-техническим работникам, занимающимся разработкой технологий информационной безопасности и защиты информации.
title: Additive Fertigung von Anschlusselementen im Stahlbau mit dem Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing
Creators: name: Feucht, Thilo Johannes Ernst
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: In dieser Arbeit wird untersucht, wie stahlbauübliche Anschlusselemente mittels Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) gefertigt werden können. Die Motivation liegt darin, die heutzutage weiterhin übliche händische und zeitaufwendige Baugruppenfertigung durch einen voll-automatisierten Produktionsschritt zu ersetzen, indem die Anschlusselemente direkt auf Stahlträger additiv gefertigt werden. Die Grundlagen und Besonderheiten des WAAM werden dafür erläutert und beschrieben. Zur Ermöglichung eines WAAM-gerechten Konstruierens werden Lehrsätze im Sinne einer wissenschaftlichen Aussage formuliert. Mit dem präsentierten 8-schrittigen Optimierungsprozess werden die Strukturen der Anschlusselemente ermittelt, sodass das Material statisch optimal ausgenutzt wird und gleichzeitig eine schnelle und fehlerfreie Fertigung gelingt. Im Optimierungsprozess werden die numerische Topologieoptimerung sowie die numerische Traglastanalyse genutzt. Drei Anschlusselemente (Trägerhaken, Lasteinleitungssteife, Spannelement) werden bespielhaft optimiert. Im darauffolgenden Kapitel werden für jene Anschlusselemente geeignete Fertigungsstrategien erarbeitet und die Fertigung mit dem WAAM beschrieben. Die Tragfähigkeit der Anschlusselemente wird in zerstörenden Versuchen ermittelt und abschließend in einem Auswertungskapitel mit den numerischen Tragfähigkeiten verglichen.
Properties of doubly-truncated gamma variables
Creators: name: Coffey, Christopher S.
name: Muller, Keith E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: The truncated gamma distribution has been widely studied, primarily in life-testing and reliability settings. Most work has assumed an upper bound on the support of the random variable, i.e. the space of the distribution is (0, u). We consider a doubly-truncated gamma random variable restricted by both a lower (l) and upper (u) truncation point, both of which are considered known. We provide simple forms for the density, cumulative distribution function (CDF), moment generating function, cumulant generating function, characteristic function, and moments. We extend the results to describe the density, CDF, and moments of a doubly-truncated noncentral chi-square variable.
Multi-partite squash operation and its application to device-independent quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Tsurumaru, Toyohiro
name: Ichikawa, Tsubasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The squash operation, or the squashing model, is a useful mathematical tool for proving the security of quantum key distribution systems using practical (i.e., non-ideal) detectors. At the present, however, this method can only be applied to a limited class of detectors, such as the threshold detector of the Bennett-Brassard 1984 type. In this paper we generalize this method to include multi-partite measurements, such that it can be applied to a wider class of detectors. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this generalization by applying it to the device-independent security proof of the Ekert 1991 protocol, and by improving the associated key generation rate. For proving this result we use two physical assumptions, namely, that quantum mechanics is valid, and that Alice's and Bob's detectors are memoryless.
description: 28 pages, 1 figure; v2: minor correction, v3: errors in the previous security proof corrected, with a somewhat smaller key generation rate, v4: minor correction
title: A barrier beyond all barriers – Migrated intrauterine contraceptive device
Creators: name: Varrior, Ajith
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genital (female) imaging
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Clinical Case

description: Clinical History: A 24-year-old woman presented with swelling in the periumbilical region, with serosanguinous discharge and intermittent pain. She had an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) insertion five years ago, which she assumed to have been expelled when the threads could no longer be felt. A year later, after conception, another postpartum IUCD was inserted.

description: 24 years, female
Emergence of coherent localized structures in shear deformations of temperature dependent fluids
Creators: name: Katsaounis, Theodoros
name: Olivier, Julien
name: Tzavaras, Athanasios E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74C20, 35Q74, 74H35, 74R15

description: Shear localization occurs in various instances of material instability in solid mechanics and is typically associated with Hadamard-instability for an underlying model. While Hadamard instability indicates the catastrophic growth of oscillations around a mean state, it does not by itself explain the formation of coherent structures typically observed in localization. The latter is a nonlinear effect and its analysis is the main objective of this article. We consider a model that captures the main mechanisms observed in high strain-rate deformation of metals, and describes shear motions of temperature dependent non-Newtonian fluids. For a special dependence of the viscosity on the temperature, we carry out a linearized stability analysis around a base state of uniform shearing solutions, and quantitatively assess the effects of the various mechanisms affecting the problem: thermal softening, momentum diffusion and thermal diffusion. Then, we turn to the nonlinear model, and construct localized states - in the form of similarity solutions - that emerge as coherent structures in the localization process. This justifies a scenario for localization that is proposed on the basis of asymptotic analysis in \cite{KT}.
Temporal Evolution of Prompt GRB Polarization
Creators: name: Gill, Ramandeep
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: magnetic fields–polarization–radiation mechanisms: non-thermal–relativistic processes–gamma-ray burst: general

description: The dominant radiation mechanism that produces the prompt emission in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) remains a major open question. Spectral information alone has proven insufficient in elucidating its nature. Time-resolved linear polarization has the potential to distinguish between popular emission mechanisms, e.g. synchrotron radiation from electrons with a power-law energy distribution or inverse Compton scattering of soft seed thermal photons, which can yield the typical GRB spectrum but produce different levels of polarization. Furthermore, it can be used to learn about the outflow’s composition (i.e. whether it is kinetic-energy-dominated or Poynting-flux-dominated) and angular structure. For synchrotron emission, it is a powerful probe of the magnetic field geometry. In this talk, I will discuss synchrotron emission from a thin ultrarelativistic outflow and use a phenomenological pulse model to construct the energy-dependent temporal evolution of polarization for both coasting and accelerating flows. I will present results for a top-hat jet with sharp and smooth edges with observers having different viewing angles. I will then use the single pulse model to construct the polarization evolution for multiple overlapping pulses that arise due to episodic internal dissipation in the outflow. In the end, I will discuss how energy dependent polarization can be used to distinguish between different particle acceleration/heating scenarios in a magnetized outflow.
BORDERLINE PERSONALITY TRAITS RELATE TO ADAPTIVE LEARNING FROM SURPRISE ACROSS CONTEXTS
Creators: name: Paolizzi, Sophie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Adaptive learning in volatile contexts requires frequent updating of behavior in response to surprising information. We hypothesized that sensitivity to environmental changes relates to effective learning across stable and volatile contexts. We also predicted that dimensions of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and anxiety impact context-dependent adaptive learning. We found computational measures of surprise differentially impacted learning among 135 individuals oversampled for self-reported BPD symptoms and worry, a central symptom of anxiety disorders. Consistent with previous studies of anxiety, we found marginal evidence that individuals with higher levels of worry were slower to detect shifts in volatile contexts. Conversely, those with greater BPD symptoms had heightened sensitivity to change, supporting learning in volatile contexts but not stable ones. This work confirmed our hypothesis that BPD and worry severity relate to divergent learning patterns in response to surprise that are differentially adaptive across contexts.
ON THE EXPECTED VALUES OF SEQUENCES OF FUNCTIONS
Creators: name: Glueck, Deborah H.
name: Muller, Keith E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: We prove new extensions to lemmas about combinations of convergent sequences of distribution functions and absolutely continuous bounded functions. New lemma one, a generalized Helly theorem, allows computing the limit of the expected value of a sequence of functions with respect to a sequence of measures. Previously published results allow either the function or the measure to be a sequence, but not both. Lemma two allows computing the expected value of an absolutely continuous monotone function by integrating the probabilities of the inverse function values. Previous results were restricted to the identity function. Lemma three gives a computationally and analytically convenient form for the limit of the expected value of a sequence of functions of a sequence of random variables. This is a new result that follows directly from the first two lemmas. Although the lemmas resemble standard results and seem obviously true, we have found only similar looking and related but quite distinct results in the literature. We provide examples which highlight the value of the new results.
Revisão narrativa da literatura para a avaliação eficiente de equipes de software
Creators: name: Ahyeska Alves Ferreira, Samara
name: Araújo Lima, Danielli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 461206
subject: Software architecture

description: Este artigo é um estudo bibliográfico que aborda a avaliação de equipes de software, com foco na integração de técnicas de inteligência artificial e na extração de características de equipes globalmente distribuídas. A partir de uma revisão narrativa da literatura fundamentada no trabalho de Petkovic et al. (2014), foram estabelecidos critérios rigorosos para a inclusão e exclusão de artigos. Utilizando a ferramenta Connected Papers, inicialmente foram identificados 41 artigos relacionados, dos quais 20 foram selecionados após uma análise cuidadosa + 1 artigo base. As principais discussões ressaltam como as técnicas de inteligência artificial podem melhorar a avaliação do desempenho das equipes, permitindo uma compreensão mais profunda das dinâmicas de trabalho em ambientes distribuídos. Os achados destacam a importância da utilização de modelos preditivos e a necessidade de métodos de avaliação que considerem as especificidades das equipes de software, contribuindo para a formação de profissionais mais capacitados e adaptados às exigências do mercado global.
EFFECTS OF BINGE-LIKE ETHANOL CONSUMPTION ON NPY, CRF, AND RECEPTOR MRNA IN THE AMYGDALA, MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX, INSULAR CORTEX, AND LATERAL HYPOTHALAMUS OF MALE AND FEMALE C57BL/6J MICE.
Creators: name: Dankert, Anne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Binge drinking is a risky pattern of alcohol consumption characterized by high ethanol intake over a short period of time and is associated with several negative health outcomes. Some neuropeptides, such as neuropeptide Y (NPY) and corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), have been shown to play a role in ethanol intake and withdrawal, and in binge drinking specifically. Additionally, NPY and CRF are abundant in various brain regions involved in modulating alcohol use, including the amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), insular cortex (IC), and lateral hypothalamus (LH). However, whether repeated cycles of binge-like ethanol consumption alter NPY, CRF, and their receptors’ mRNA expression in these regions remains unknown. Here, male and female C57BL/6J mice underwent repeated cycles of binge-like ethanol drinking and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to assess mRNA levels. Our findings demonstrate that binge-like ethanol consumption alters mRNA in a brain-region and sex-dependent manner.
title: Менеджмент. Нестандартные экскурсии по теории менеджмента
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2023

description: В учебном пособии раскрываются основные темы и проблемы управленческой науки, подтверждающие развитие кризиса в теории и практике управления. Особое внимание уделяется стереотипам и шаблонам, искажающим реальное положение дел на практике и формирующим неэффективные и нерезультативные паттерны управленческого мышления и действий менеджеров-практиков. Форма «нестандартных экскурсий» поможет читателю полностью погрузиться в мир менеджмента, секретов управления. Подготовлено в соответствии с Федеральным государственным образовательным стандартом высшего образования. Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов высших учебных заведений всех направлений подготовки, изучающих дисциплину «Менеджмент», слушателей школ бизнеса и практикующих менеджеров.
Macroscopic aspects of the Unruh effect
Creators: name: Buchholz, Detlev
name: Verch, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Macroscopic concepts pertaining to the Unruh effect are elaborated and used to clarify its physical manifestations. Based on a description of the motion of accelerated, spatially extended laboratories in Minkowski space in terms of Poincaré transformations, it is shown that, from a macroscopic perspective, an accelerated observer will not register with his measuring instruments any global thermal effects of acceleration in the inertial (Minkowskian) vacuum state. As is explained, this result is not in conflict with the well-known fact that microscopic probes respond non-trivially to acceleration if coupled to the vacuum. But this response cannot be interpreted as the effect of some heat bath surrounding the observer. It is also shown that genuine equilibrium states in a uniformly accelerated laboratory cannot be spatially homogeneous. In particular, these states coincide with the homogeneous inertial vacuum at sufficiently large distances from the horizon of the observer and consequently have the same (zero) temperature there. The analysis is carried out in the theory of a free massless scalar field; however the conclusion that the Unruh effect is not of a thermal nature, viz. induced by heat transfer, is generally valid.
description: 21 pages, no figures; v3: remarks on the Tolman-Ehrenfest effect and 2 references added; v4: version as to appear in "Classical and Quantum Gravity"
Practical Methods for Bounding Type I Error Rate with an Internal Pilot Design
Creators: name: Kairalla, John A.
name: Muller, Keith E.
name: Coffey, Christopher S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: New analytic forms for distributions at the heart of internal pilot theory solve many problems inherent to current techniques for linear models with Gaussian errors. Internal pilot designs use a fraction of the data to re-estimate the error variance and modify the final sample size. Too small or too large a sample size caused by an incorrect planning variance can be avoided. However, the usual hypothesis test may need adjustment to control the Type I error rate. A bounding test achieves control of Type I error rate while providing most of the advantages of the unadjusted test. Unfortunately, the presence of both a doubly truncated and an untruncated chi-square random variable complicates the theory and computations. An expression for the density of the sum of the two chi-squares gives a simple form for the test statistic density. Examples illustrate that the new results make the bounding test practical by providing very stable, convergent, and much more accurate computations. Furthermore, the new computational methods are effectively never slower and usually much faster. All results apply to any univariate linear model with fixed predictors and Gaussian errors, with the t-test a special case.