cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Crash Contributing Factors and Patterns Associated with Fatal Truck-involved Crashes in Bangladesh: Findings from Text Mining Approach
Creators: name: Hossain, Ahmed
name: Sun, Xiaoduan
name: Alam, Shah
name: Das, Subasish
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Road transportation and freight services

description: Despite extensive research on traffic injury severities, relatively little is known about the factors contributing to truck-involved crashes in developing countries, especially in the context of Bangladesh. Due to the unavailability of authentic crash data sources, this study collected data from alternative sources such as online English news media reports. The current study prepared a database of 144 truck-involved fatal crash reports during the period of twelve months (January 2021 to December 2021). The crash reports contain a bag of 15,300 words. Several state-of-the-art text mining tools were utilized to identify crash patterns, including word cloud analysis, word frequency analysis, word co-occurrence network analysis, rapid automatic keyword extraction, and topic modeling. The analysis revealed several important crash contributing factors such as the type of vehicle involved (auto-rickshaw, bus, van, motorcycle), manner of collision (head-on), time of the day (morning, night), driver behavior (speeding, overtaking, wrong-way driving), and environmental factors (dense fog). In addition, ‘coming from opposite direction’ and ‘head-on collision’ are two important sequences of events in truck-involved crashes. Truck drivers are also involved in crashes with trains at the rail crossing. The findings of this research can assist policymakers in identifying crash avoidance strategies to lower truck-related crashes in Bangladesh.
The semiclassical propagator in Fock space: dynamical echo and many-body interference
Creators: name: Engl, Thomas
name: Urbina, Juan Diego
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a semiclassical approach to many-body quantum propagation in terms of coherent sums over quantum amplitudes associated with the solutions of corresponding classical nonlinear wave equations. This approach adequately describes interference effects in the many-body space of interacting bosonic systems. The main quantity of interest, the transition amplitude between Fock states when the dynamics is driven by both single-particlecontributions and many-body interactions of similar magnitude, is non-perturbatively constructed in the spirit of Gutzwiller's derivation of the van Vleck propagator from the path integral representation of the time evolution operator, but lifted to the space of symmetrized many-body states. Effects beyond mean-field, here representing the classical limit of the theory, are semiclassically described by means of interfering amplitudes where the action and stability of the classical solutions enter. In this way, a genuinely many-body echo phenomenon, coherent backscattering in Fock space, is presented arising due to coherent quantum interference between classical solutions related by time reversal.
title: Dedicated arterial wall imaging on 3-Tesla MRI for patients with cerebral vasculitis
Creators: name: El-Koussy, Marwan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Cerebral vasculitis is a heterogeneous group of disorders having different etiologies but a largely common cerebral pathological process. Pathologically, they share certain features, especially intramural inflammation and leukocytoclastic changes...
Review on Generalized Uncertainty Principle
Creators: name: Tawfik, Abdel Nasser
name: Diab, Abdel Magied
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on string theory, black hole physics, doubly special relativity and some "thought" experiments, minimal distance and/or maximum momentum are proposed. As alternatives to the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP), the modified dispersion relation, the space noncommutativity, the Lorentz invariance violation, and the quantum-gravity-induced birefringence effects are summarized. The origin of minimal measurable quantities and the different GUP approaches are reviewed and the corresponding observations are analysed. Bounds on the GUP parameter are discussed and implemented in understanding recent PLANCK observations on the cosmic inflation. The higher-order GUP approaches predict minimal length uncertainty with and without maximum momenta.
description: 37 pages, 3 figures and 2 tables, an invited review for Reports on Progress in Physics (ROPP). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1410.0206
Expressive Drawing Study
Creators: name: Kilroy, Emily
name: Aziz-Zadeh, Lisa
name: Gilmore, Elisabeth
name: Kouyoumdjian, Isabelle
name: Sideris, John
name: shah, sona
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Behavioral data from a randomized controlled trial of trauma and gratitude based expressive drawing on individuals who have experienced a traumatic event.
Migration Reframed? A multilingual analysis on the stance shift in Europe during the Ukrainian crisis
Creators: name: Wildemann, Sergej
name: Niederée, Claudia
name: Elejalde, Erick
name: Sequeda, Juan
name: Aroyo, Lora
name: Castillo, Carlos
name: Houben, Geert-Jan
Publisher: name: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) : New York, NY, USA
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: media coverage
subject: migration
subject: multilingual analysis
subject: online discussion
subject: social media
subject: stance detection
subject: stance shift
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: The war in Ukraine seems to have positively changed the attitude toward the critical societal topic of migration in Europe – at least towards refugees from Ukraine. We investigate whether this impression is substantiated by how the topic is reflected in online news and social media, thus linking the representation of the issue on the Web to its perception in society. For this purpose, we combine and adapt leading-edge automatic text processing for a novel multilingual stance detection approach. Starting from 5.5M Twitter posts published by 565 European news outlets in one year, beginning September 2021, plus replies, we perform a multilingual analysis of migration-related media coverage and associated social media interaction for Europe and selected European countries. The results of our analysis show that there is actually a reframing of the discussion illustrated by the terminology change, e.g., from “migrant” to “refugee”, often even accentuated with phrases such as “real refugees”. However, concerning a stance shift in public perception, the picture is more diverse than expected. All analyzed cases show a noticeable temporal stance shift around the start of the war in Ukraine. Still, there are apparent national differences in the size and stability of this shift.
Performance Analysis of a Near-Field Thermophotovoltaic Device with a Metallodielectric Selective Emitter and Electrical Contacts for the Photovoltaic Cell
Creators: name: Yang, Yue
name: Chang, Jui-Yung
name: Wang, Liping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A near-field thermophotovoltaic (TPV) system with a multilayer emitter of alternate tungsten and alumina layer is proposed in this paper. The fluctuational electrodynamics along with the dyadic Green function for a multilayered structure is applied to calculate the spectral heat flux, and the charge transport equations are solved to get the photocurrent generation and electrical power output. The spectral heat flux is much enhanced when plain tungsten emitter is replaced with multilayer emitter. The mechanism of surface plasmon polariton coupling in the tungsten thin film, which is responsible for the heat flux enhancement, is analyzed. In addition, the invalidity of effective medium theory to predict the optical properties of multilayer structure in near-field radiation is discussed. The tungsten and alumina layer thicknesses are optimized to match the spectral heat flux with the bandgap of TPV cell. Practically, with a gold reflector placed on the back of TPV cell, which also acts as the back electrode, and a 5-nm-thick indium tin oxide (ITO) layer as the front contact, when the emitter and receiver temperature are respectively set as 2000 K and 300 K, the conversion efficiency and electrical power output can be achieved to 23.7% and 0.31 MW/m2 at a vacuum gap distance of 100 nm.
title: Usefulness of contrast-enhanced 3-dimensional T1 VISTA for Diagnosis of Facial Neuritis: a Compared with contrast-enhanced T1-TSE
Creators: name: Choi, Woo Suk
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR
subject: CNS

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Facial neuritis is the most common form of acute facial nerve disorder, which is characterized by a rapid onset of peripheral facial palsy of unknown cause [1]. It is also called idiopathic facial palsy or Bell’s palsy. It is diagnosed through...
Additional file 3 of Benchmarking bioinformatic virus identification tools using real-world metagenomic data across biomes
Creators: name: Wu, Ling-Yi
name: Wijesekara, Yasas
name: Piedade, Gonçalo J.
name: Pappas, Nikolaos
name: Brussaard, Corina P. D.
name: Dutilh, Bas E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 3. Review history.
An Evaluation of two Psychological Tests Sensitivity to Measure Irritability
Creators: name: Gröndal, Maria
name: Ask, Karl
name: Winblad, Stefan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This study includes participants with extreme scores on irritability (high and low) and aims to evaluate the sensitivity to variations in irritability of two behavioral measures of aggressiveness. We will evaluate the direction of possible relationships between levels of irritability and measures of aggressive behavior. The aim is also to evaluate how anger and irritability uniquely contribute to aggressive behavior.
Predicting Relevance based on Assessor Disagreement: Analysis and Practical Applications for Search Evaluation
Creators: name: Demeester, Thomas
name: Aly, Robin
name: Hiemstra, Djoerd
name: Nguyen, Dong
name: Develder, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Evaluation of search engines relies on assessments of search results for selected test queries, from which we would ideally like to draw conclusions in terms of relevance of the results for general (e.g., future, unknown) users. In practice however, most evaluation scenarios only allow us to conclusively determine the relevance towards the particular assessor that provided the judgments. A factor that cannot be ignored when extending conclusions made from assessors towards users, is the possible disagreement on relevance, assuming that a single gold truth label does not exist. This paper presents and analyzes the Predicted Relevance Model (PRM), which allows predicting a particular result's relevance for a random user, based on an observed assessment and knowledge on the average disagreement between assessors. With the PRM, existing evaluation metrics designed to measure binary assessor relevance, can be transformed into more robust and effectively graded measures that evaluate relevance towards a random user. It also leads to a principled way of quantifying multiple graded or categorical relevance levels for use as gains in established graded relevance measures, such as normalized discounted cumulative gain (nDCG), which nowadays often use heuristic and data-independent gain values. Given a set of test topics with graded relevance judgments, the PRM allows evaluating systems on different scenarios, such as their capability of retrieving top results, or how well they are able to filter out non-relevant ones. Its use in actual evaluation scenarios is illustrated on several information retrieval test collections.
description: Accepted for publication in Springer Information Retrieval Journal, special issue on Information Retrieval Evaluation using Test Collections
title: MRI in the detection of diffuse axonal injury damage in severe traumatic brain injury.
Creators: name: Boujemaa, Hafedh
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Comparative studies
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Diffuse axonal injury is a common type of neuronal lesion in patients with severe traumatic brain injury, frequently accompagned by tissue tear hemorrhage and oedema.Some specific MRI sequences are more sensitive for detection of hemorrhage and...
Engineering the biosynthesis of cytochalasans
Creators: name: Heinemann, Henrike
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: cytochalasan
subject: reductive release
subject: alkyl citrate
subject: Hypoxylaceae
subject: engineering of biosynthesis
subject: Cytochalasan
subject: reduktive Freisetzung
subject: Alkylcitrat
subject: Biosynthese-Modifikation
subject: enthält Forschungsdaten
subject: contains research data
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: The presented work focuses on the engineering of cytochalasan and alkyl citrate biosyn-thetic pathways. Different engineering strategies were applied for the elucidation of key biosynthetic steps and entire biosynthetic pathways. The reductive release step catalyzed by a hybrid polyketide synthase-non-riboso-mal peptide synthetase (PKS-NRPS) from the pyrichalasin H pathway was investigated using an in vitro engineering approach. Synthetic thiolesters were used as substrate mim-ics for in vitro assays with the dissected recombinant reduction (R) and thiolation (T) domains of the PKS-NRPS hybrid PyiS. These studies showed that the PyiS R-domain mainly releases an aldehyde intermediate in an NADPH-dependent reductive release and revealed substrate promiscuity of the R-domain, while the interaction with the T-domain proved to be essential. A computational structural model of the PyiS TR-didomain was generated to support the experimental findings. In a genome mining project, in 47 members of the Hypoxylaceae fungal family a cryptic alkyl citrate biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) named ctr was identified. Heterolo-gous expression of the ctr cluster in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus oryzae, in com-bination with in vitro reactions with key biosynthetic enzymes, led to the elucidation of a biosynthetic pathway towards cinatrins C1 and C3. In combinatorial biosynthesis experi-ments of the ctr BGC and related alkyl citrate BGCs involved in the biosynthesis of spo-rothriolide (spo) and squalestatin S1 (SS1), new-to-nature alkyl citrates were produced. Two new alkyl citrates, sporothioethers A and B, were isolated from submerged cultures of Hypomontagnella monticulosa MUCL 54604. They were identified as sporo-thriolide congeners with attenuated microbial activity, but moderate effect on biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans.
title: Bowel and/or Mesenteric Injury in Blunt Trauma: The Evaluation Accuracy of Multidedector Computed Tomography(CT)
Creators: name: Aydın, Ramazan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Colon
subject: Small bowel
subject: CT
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Observer performance
subject: Trauma
subject: Acute

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: To determine the accuracy of multidetector computed tomography in the detection of the blunt bowel and/or mesenteric injury, to identify and describe the most reliablecomputed tomographyfeatures of bowel and/or mesenteric injury, and to evaluate the...
Time's the revelator: revival and resurgence in alt.country and modern old-time American music
Creators: name: Melzer, Ashley Denise
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: This thesis investigates the relationship between the modern old-time and alt.country movements through the comparison of four different female musicians: Abigail Washburn, Rayna Gellert, Gillian Welch, and Neko Case. These four women often pull from the same wellspring of old-time songs/structures/sounds, but their instincts come from exceptionally different places. The disparity between the ways they approach their music, reveals how the push toward modern capitalist industrialism has affected how different artists and communities access and transmit those old-world icons and sounds. Furthermore, their engagement specifically with the topic of gender exposes key tactical differences. Old-time musicians, Washburn and Gellert, work within the strictures of tradition so as to remain in dialogue with their community. Welch and Case play into the experimental bent of alt.country to emotionally affect listeners in order to create discreet, personal connections between themselves and their audience.
Lagrangian Methods Of Cosmic Web Classification
Creators: name: Fisher, J. D.
name: Faltenbacher, A.
name: Johnson, M. S. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmic web defines the large scale distribution of matter we see in the Universe today. Classifying the cosmic web into voids, sheets, filaments and nodes allows one to explore structure formation and the role environmental factors have on halo and galaxy properties. While existing studies of cosmic web classification concentrate on grid based methods, this work explores a Lagrangian approach where the V-web algorithm proposed by Hoffman et al. (2012) is implemented with techniques borrowed from smoothed particle hydrodynamics. The Lagrangian approach allows one to classify individual objects (e.g. particles or halos) based on properties of their nearest neighbours in an adaptive manner. It can be applied directly to a halo sample which dramatically reduces computational cost and potentially allows an application of this classification scheme to observed galaxy samples. Finally, the Lagrangian nature admits a straight forward inclusion of the Hubble flow negating the necessity of a visually defined threshold value which is commonly employed by grid based classification methods.
description: submitted to MNRAS, comments welcome, references added
Spectral ageing in the lobes of cluster-centre FR-II radio galaxies
Creators: name: Harwood, Jeremy
name: Hardcastle, Martin
name: Croston, Judith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent investigations have shown that many parameters and assumptions made in the application of spectral ageing models to FR-II radio galaxies (e.g. injection index, uniform magnetic field, non-negligible cross-lobe age variations) may not be as reliable as previously thought. In this paper we use new VLA observations, which allow spectral curvature at GHz frequencies to be determined in much greater detail than has previously been possible, to investigate two cluster-centre radio galaxies, 3C438 and 3C28. We find that for both sources the injection index is much steeper than the values traditionally assumed, consistent with our previous findings. We suggest that the Tribble model of spectral ageing provides the most convincing description when both goodness-of-fit and physically plausibility are considered, but show that even with greatly improved coverage at GHz frequencies, a disparity exists in cluster-centre FR-IIs when spectral ages are compared to those determined from a dynamical viewpoint. We find for 3C438 that although the observations indicate the lobes are expanding, its energetics suggest that the radiating particles and magnetic field at equipartition cannot provide the necessary pressure to support the lobes, similar to other cluster-centre source such as Cygnus A. We confirm that small scale, cross-lobe age variations are likely to be common in FR-II sources and should be properly accounted for when undertaking spectral ageing studies. Contrary to the assumption of some previous studies, we also show that 3C28 is an FR-II (rather than FR-I) source, and suggest that it is most likely a relic system with the central engine being turned off between 6 and 9 Myrs ago.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, 8 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
A Remark on a Nonlocal-in-Time Heat Equation
Creators: name: Walker, Christoph
Publisher: name: Paris : Institut de Frances, Académie des sciences
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Semilinear heat equation
subject: nonlocal in time
subject: existence of global solutions
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: Schauder’s fixed point theorem is used to derive the existence of solutions to a semilinear heat equation. The equation features a nonlinear term that depends on the time-integral of the unknown on the whole, a priori given, interval of existence.
title: Kinetic assessment of the intimal flap in acute or chronic aortic dissection using cine CPR and MPR images acquired by ECG-gated CT
Creators: name: Kamei, Noritaka
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Dissection

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Aortic dissections (AD) are serious fatal aortic conditions. Their treatment strategies largely depend on the extent of the dissection. Cases with aortic dissection involving the ascending aorta are fundamentally treated by prompt open surgical...
title: Endovascular embolisation of acute non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding: strenghts and weaknesses
Creators: name: Scalise, Paola
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Acute
subject: Embolisation
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Arterial access
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Emergency

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the role of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in the management of acute gastrointestinal bleeding; to point out values and defects of the technique and to show its results based on a series of 32...
Cleaning graphene : a first quantum/classical molecular dynamics approach
Creators: name: Delfour, L.
name: Davydova, A.
name: Despiau-Pujo, E.
name: Cunge, G.
name: Graves, D. B.
name: Magaud, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene outstanding properties created a huge interest in the condensed matter community and unprecedented fundings at the international scale in the hope of application developments. Recently, there have been several reports of incomplete removal of the polymer resists used to transfer as-grown graphene from one substrate to another, resulting in altered graphene transport properties. Finding a large-scale solution to clean graphene from adsorbed residues is highly desirable and one promising possibility would be to use hydrogen plasmas. In this spirit, we couple here quantum and classical molecular dynamics simulations to explore the kinetic energy ranges required by atomic hydrogen to selectively etch a simple residue, a CH3 group, without irreversibly damaging the graphene. For incident energies in the 2-15 eV range, the CH3 radical can be etched by forming a volatile CH4 compound which leaves the surface, either in the CH4 form or breaking into CH3+H fragments, without further defect formation. At this energy, adsorption of H atoms on graphene is possible and further annealing will be required to recover pristine graphene.
description: 9 figures, 27 pages
Mapping stellar content to dark matter halos. II. Halo mass is the main driver of galaxy quenching
Creators: name: Zu, Ying
name: Mandelbaum, Rachel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a simple yet comprehensive method to distinguish the underlying drivers of galaxy quenching, using the clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing of red and blue galaxies in SDSS. Building on the iHOD framework developed by Zu & Mandelbaum (2015a), we consider two quenching scenarios: 1) a "halo" quenching model in which halo mass is the sole driver for turning off star formation in both centrals and satellites; and 2) a "hybrid" quenching model in which the quenched fraction of galaxies depends on their stellar mass while the satellite quenching has an extra dependence on halo mass. The two best-fit models describe the red galaxy clustering and lensing equally well, but halo quenching provides significantly better fits to the blue galaxies above $10^{11} M_\odot/h^2$. The halo quenching model also correctly predicts the average halo mass of the red and blue centrals, showing excellent agreement with the direct weak lensing measurements of locally brightest galaxies. Models in which quenching is not tied to halo mass, including an age-matching model in which galaxy colour depends on halo age at fixed $M_*$, fail to reproduce the observed halo mass for massive blue centrals. We find similar critical halo masses responsible for the quenching of centrals and satellites (~$1.5\times10^{12} M\odot/h^2$), hinting at a uniform quenching mechanism for both, e.g., the virial shock-heating of infalling gas. The success of the iHOD halo quenching model provides strong evidence that the physical mechanism that quenches star formation in galaxies is tied principally to the masses of their dark matter halos rather than the properties of their stellar components.
description: 25 pages, 17 figures. For a brief video explaining the key result of this paper, see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lwQNLizjkaw, or http://www.youku.com/v_show/id_XMTMzODU0MzU0NA in countries where YouTube is not accessible
From Hunds insulator to Fermi liquid: Optical spectroscopy study of K doping in BaMn$_2$As$_2$
Creators: name: McNally, D. E.
name: Zellman, S.
name: Yin, Z. P.
name: Post, K. W.
name: He, Hua
name: Hao, K.
name: Kotliar, G.
name: Basov, D.
name: Homes, C. C.
name: Aronson, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical transmission measurements that reveal a charge gap of 0.86 eV in the local moment antiferromagnetic insulator BaMn$_2$As$_2$, an order of magnitude larger than previously reported. Density functional theory plus dynamical mean field theory (DFT+DMFT) calculations correctly reproduce this charge gap only when a strong Hund's coupling is considered. Thus, BaMn$_2$As$_2$ is a member of a wider class of Mn pnictide compounds that are Mott-Hund's insulators. We also present optical reflectance for metallic 2% K doped BaMn$_2$As$_2$ that we use to extract the optical conductivity at different temperatures. The optical conductivity $σ_1$($ω$) exhibits a metallic response that is well described by a simple Drude term. Both $σ$($ω$$\rightarrow$0, T) and $ρ$(T) exhibit Fermi liquid temperature dependencies. From these measurements, we argue that a more strongly correlated Hund's metal version of the parent compounds of the iron pnictide superconductors has not yet been realized by doping this class of Hund's insulators.
title: The role of ADC values in differentiation of benign and malignant breast masses
Creators: name: Bukte, Yasar
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Neoplasia

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: In screening and evaluation of breast lesions, mammography is stil the main imaging modality, while ultrasonography is complementary to mammography in many patients (1-3). However, breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an important...
Should the NCAA be above the law?: an examination of the NCAA's antitrust status
Creators: name: Smith, Brett T.
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2010

description: The National Collegiate Athletic Association has grown from a small organization created to police football to a multi-billion dollar organization that regulates the lives of hundreds of thousands of people. Due to its huge growth, some critics wonder if the NCAA has spun out of control so far that it cannot save itself without government intervention. The intervention that they seek is an exemption from current antitrust laws so that the NCAA could legally restrain out of control spending. An exemption would provide the NCAA the freedom to curtail spending and potentially reform the current cost structure of major college athletics. This study analyzes antitrust law and whether the NCAA would receive an antitrust exemption based upon precedent and other exemptions granted by Congress. Based upon the research from this study, the NCAA deserves a partial exemption to regulate the member institutions, but not a total exemption due to parts of the NCAA being highly commercial.
Diagnosing the accretion flow in ultraluminous X-ray sources using soft X-ray atomic features
Creators: name: Middleton, Matthew J.
name: Walton, Dominic J.
name: Fabian, Andrew
name: Roberts, Timothy P.
name: Heil, Lucy
name: Pinto, Ciro
name: Anderson, Gemma
name: Sutton, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lack of unambiguous detections of atomic features in the X-ray spectra of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) has proven a hindrance in diagnosing the nature of the accretion flow. The possible association of spectral residuals at soft energies with atomic features seen in absorption and/or emission and potentially broadened by velocity dispersion could therefore hold the key to understanding much about these enigmatic sources. Here we show for the first time that such residuals are seen in several sources and appear extremely similar in shape, implying a common origin. Via simple arguments we assert that emission from extreme colliding winds, absorption in a shell of material associated with the ULX nebula and thermal plasma emission associated with star formation are all highly unlikely to provide an origin. Whilst CCD spectra lack the energy resolution necessary to directly determine the nature of the features (i.e. formed of a complex of narrow lines or intrinsically broad), studying the evolution of the residuals with underlying spectral shape allows for an important, indirect test for their origin. The ULX NGC 1313 X-1 provides the best opportunity to perform such a test due to the dynamic range in spectral hardness provided by archival observations. We show through highly simplified spectral modelling that the strength of the features (in either absorption or emission) appears to anti-correlate with spectral hardness, which would rule out an origin via reflection of a primary continuum and instead supports a picture of atomic transitions in a wind or nearby material associated with such an outflow.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Multifractal analysis of weighted networks by a modified sandbox algorithm
Creators: name: Song, Yu-Qin
name: Liu, Jin-Long
name: Yu, Zu-Guo
name: Li, Bao-Gen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex networks have attracted growing attention in many fields. As a generalization of fractal analysis, multifractal analysis (MFA) is a useful way to systematically describe the spatial heterogeneity of both theoretical and experimental fractal patterns. Some algorithms for MFA of unweighted complex networks have been proposed in the past a few years, including the sandbox (SB) algorithm recently employed by our group. In this paper, a modified SB algorithm (we call it SBw algorithm) is proposed for MFA of weighted networks.First, we use the SBw algorithm to study the multifractal property of two families of weighted fractal networks (WFNs): "Sierpinski" WFNs and "Cantor dust" WFNs. We also discuss how the fractal dimension and generalized fractal dimensions change with the edge-weights of the WFN. From the comparison between the theoretical and numerical fractal dimensions of these networks, we can find that the proposed SBw algorithm is efficient and feasible for MFA of weighted networks. Then, we apply the SBw algorithm to study multifractal properties of some real weighted networks ---collaboration networks. It is found that the multifractality exists in these weighted networks, and is affected by their edge-weights.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication by Scientific Reports
title: Markerlessly tracking lung tumours during radiotherapy treatment using Align RT optical surrogate and motion model built from cone-beam CT on day of treatment
Creators: name: McClelland, Jamie
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Image guided radiotherapy
subject: Cancer
subject: VMAT and Tomotherapy
subject: Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT)
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Oncology
subject: Lung

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Presented is a method to track the 3D position of a lung tumour without the use of markers. The method extracts the tumour motion from a standard cone-beam CT scan (CBCT), and relates the motion to a surrogate obtained from the Align RT (Vision...
title: MR imaging evaluation of perianal fistulas
Creators: name: Schettini, Daria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Fistula
subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: Pelvis

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of the study is to describe using MR imaging different types of perianal fistulas according to the surgical classification. We will provide detailed anatomical diagrams of the perianal region to make easier the...
title: Normal and pathologic peroneal nerve on routine MRI of the knee
Creators: name: Van den Bergh, Frans
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: Extremities
subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: On every routine MR of the knee that is performed, the peroneal nerve can be well visualized. Thorough knowledge of the relevant anatomy on its course around the knee is an important aid for the radiologist to suggest a location - specific...
title: The role of MRI in evaluation of the neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy efficacy prediction in patients with cervical cancer
Creators: name: Podtetenev, Dmitry
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Oncology
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Radiation physics
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Radiation effects

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Cervical cancer (CC) is the second most common gynecologic malignancy and one of the dominant causes of death for women.Cervical cancer takes the 3rdplace among malignant tumorsof the reproductive systemafter breast cancer and endometrial cancer in...
Nudging New York
Creators: name: Folke, Tomas
name: Ruggeri, Kai
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Behavioural Science
subject: Health Care
subject: Machine Learning
subject: Nudging
subject: Public Health

description: Predicting no-shows for preventative health appointments among vulnerable populations in the New York urban area. Using these predictions to target interventions intended to increase attendance.
title: Characterization of Atherosclerotic Plaques by intravascular imaging in peripheral vascular disease
Creators: name: García Marcos, Raúl
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Arterial access
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Vascular
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Arteriosclerosis

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: A review of currently used imaging techniques in atherosclerotic plaque characterization and its application in peripheral vascular...
The Spectra of Type IIB Flux Compactifications at Large Complex Structure
Creators: name: Brodie, Callum
name: Marsh, M. C. David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the spectra of the Hessian matrix, ${\cal H}$, and the matrix ${\cal M}$ that governs the critical point equation of the low-energy effective supergravity, as a function of the complex structure and axio-dilaton moduli space in type IIB flux compactifications at large complex structure. We find both spectra analytically in an $h^{1,2}_-+3$ real-dimensional subspace of the moduli space, and show that they exhibit a universal structure with highly degenerate eigenvalues, independently of the choice of flux, the details of the compactification geometry, and the number of complex structure moduli. In this subspace, the spectrum of the Hessian matrix contains no tachyons, but there are also no critical points. We show numerically that the spectra of ${\cal H}$ and ${\cal M}$ remain highly peaked over a large fraction of the sampled moduli space of explicit Calabi-Yau compactifications with 2 to 5 complex structure moduli. In these models, the scale of the supersymmetric contribution to the scalar masses is strongly linearly correlated with the value of the superpotential over almost the entire moduli space, with particularly strong correlations arising for $g_s < 1$. We contrast these results with the expectations from the much-used continuous flux approximation, and comment on the applicability of Random Matrix Theory to the statistical modelling of the string theory landscape.
description: 42 pages, 9 figures
Rare-earth triangular lattice spin liquid: a single-crystal study of YbMgGaO$_{4}$
Creators: name: Li, Yuesheng
name: Chen, Gang
name: Tong, Wei
name: Pi, Li
name: Liu, Juanjuan
name: Yang, Zhaorong
name: Wang, Xiaoqun
name: Zhang, Qingming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: YbMgGaO$_{4}$, a structurally perfect two-dimensional triangular lattice with odd number of electrons per unit cell and spin-orbit entangled effective spin-1/2 local moments of Yb$^{3+}$ ions, is likely to experimentally realize the quantum spin liquid ground state. We report the first experimental characterization of single crystal YbMgGaO$_{4}$ samples. Due to the spin-orbit entanglement, the interaction between the neighboring Yb$^{3+}$ moments depends on the bond orientations and is highly anisotropic in the spin space. We carry out the thermodynamic and the electron spin resonance measurements to confirm the anisotropic nature of the spin interaction as well as to quantitatively determine the couplings. Our result is a first step towards the theoretical understanding of the possible quantum spin liquid ground state in this system and sheds new lights on the search of quantum spin liquids in strong spin-orbit coupled insulators.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 72 references; Supplementary material available upon request; Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Additional file 1 of Vitamin D and vitamin K1 as novel inhibitors of biofilm in Gram-negative bacteria
Creators: name: Lutfi, Lekaa L.
name: Shaaban, Mona I.
name: Elshaer, Soha Lotfy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Near and Deer: Variability in Animal Economies of the Late Woodland and Historic Piedmont of North Carolina and Virginia
Creators: name: Longo, Julia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: The continuity and change of Native Piedmont foodways during the Late Woodland (AD 800-1600) and Historic (after c. AD 1600) periods have been explored from several perspectives. In the larger context of piecing together the culture history of the southern Piedmont, however, there are still questions to be asked at the regional level. The current study builds on preexisting zooarchaeological research to identify patterns of subsistence practices within and among river basins before and during the process of cultural contact, spanning AD 1000-1710. Through a multi-scalar and geospatial meta-analysis of 22 faunal assemblages from 19 sites within the North Carolina and Virginia Piedmont, I ask how did past Native communities shape their animal economies to the particular environmental and cultural settings of the Piedmont during the Late Woodland and Historic Periods?
The Role of Religious Systems in Mitigating Collective Threats: A Case Study during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Chvaja, Radim
name: Klocová, Eva
name: Kundtová Klocová, Eva
name: Kundt, Radek
name: Lang, Martin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: coronavirus
subject: COVID-19
subject: magic
subject: MFQ
subject: pandemic
subject: pandemy
subject: religious belief
subject: ritualized behavior
subject: rituals

description: This project will examine the effects of pandemic COVID-19 on ritualized behavior, magical thinking , belief in protective supernatural agents and the relation of these variables to potential change in saliency of specific moral domain (purity, authority and community).
Discovery of correlated optical/X-ray quasi-periodic oscillations in black hole binary SWIFT J1753.5-0127
Creators: name: Veledina, Alexandra
name: Revnivtsev, Mikhail G.
name: Durant, Martin
name: Gandhi, Poshak
name: Poutanen, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of the correlated optical/X-ray low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in black hole binary SWIFT J1753.5-0127. The phase lag between two light-curves at the QPO frequency is close to zero. This result puts strong constraints on the nature of the optical emission in this object and on the origin of the QPOs in general. We demonstrate that the QPO signal and the broadband variability can be explained in terms of the hot accretion flow radiating in both optical and X-ray bands. In this model, the QPO appears due to the Lense-Thirring precession of entire flow, while the broadband variability in the optical is produced by two components: the hot flow and the irradiated disc. Using the phase-lag spectra, we put a lower limit on the orbital inclination i>50 deg, which can be used to constrain the mass of the compact object.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, MNRAS, in press
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), ADHD Subtypes and Processing Speed: A Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Ten Haagen, Kristina
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: This study seeks to quantitatively describe the association between ADHD, ADHD subtypes and processing speed using meta-analytic procedures. Analyses are guided by the following research questions: What is the magnitude of the mean effect size for processing speed in children with ADHD compared to children without ADHD? What is the magnitude of the mean effect sizes for processing speed in children with ADHD across subtypes compared to each other and those without ADHD? Relevant articles were identified by keyword searches of the EndNote X4 program database. This process identified 424 contemporary research articles, which were subjected to inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses investigated the distribution of standardized mean difference effect size statistics (Hedges's g). Results indicated significant effect sizes for processing speed in the moderate range for youth and adolescents with ADHD compared to youth and adolescents without ADHD. Findings did not support significant differences in mean effect sizes between ADHD subtypes.