cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Promoting fit bodies, healthy eating and physical activity among Indigenous Australian men: A study protocol
Creators: name: Ricciardelli, Lina A.
name: Mellor, David
name: McCabe, Marita
name: Mussap, Alexander J.
name: Hallford, David J.
name: Tyler, Matthew
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Background: Overall the physical health of Indigenous men is among the worst in Australia. Research has indicated that modifiable lifestyle factors, such as poor nutrition and physical inactivity, appear to contribute strongly to these poor health conditions. To effectively develop and implement strategies to improve the health of Australia's Indigenous peoples, a greater understanding is needed of how Indigenous men perceive health, and how they view and care for their bodies. Further, a more systematic understanding of how sociocultural factors affect their health attitudes and behaviours is needed. This article presents the study protocol of a community-based investigation into the factors surrounding the health and body image of Indigenous Australian men. Methods and design. The study will be conducted in a collaborative manner with Indigenous Australian men using a participatory action research framework. Men will be recruited from three locations around Australia (metropolitan, regional, and rural) and interviewed to understand their experiences and perspectives on a number of issues related to health and health behaviour. The information that is collected will be analysed using modified grounded theory and thematic analysis. The results will then be used to develop and implement community events in each location to provide feedback on the findings to the community, promote health enhancing strategies, and determine future action and collaboration. Discussion. This study will explore both risk and protective factors that affect the health of Indigenous Australian men. This knowledge will be disseminated to the wider Indigenous community and can be used to inform future health promotion strategies. The expected outcome of this study is therefore an increased understanding of health and health change in Indigenous Australian men, the development of strategies that promote healthy eating and positive patterns of physical activity and, in the longer term, more effective and culturally-appropriate interventions to improve health.
Knowledge brokering between researchers and policymakers in Fiji to develop policies to reduce obesity: A process evaluation
Creators: name: Waqa, Gade
name: Mavoa, Helen
name: Snowdon, Wendy
name: Moodie, Marj
name: Schultz, Jimaima
name: McCabe, Marita
name: Kremer, Peter
name: Swinburn, Boyd
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Background: The importance of using research evidence in decisionmaking at the policy level has been increasingly recognized. However, knowledge brokering to engage researchers and policymakers in government and non-government organizations is challenging. This paper describes and evaluates the knowledge exchange processes employed by the Translational Research on Obesity Prevention in Communities (TROPIC) project that was conducted from July 2009 to April 2012 in Fiji. TROPIC aimed to enhance: the evidence-informed decisionmaking skills of policy developers; and awareness and utilization of local and other obesity-related evidence to develop policies that could potentially improve the nation's food and physical activity environments. The specific research question was: Can a knowledge brokering approach advance evidence-informed policy development to improve eating and physical activity environments in Fiji.Methods: The intervention comprised: recruiting organizations and individuals; mapping policy environments; analyzing organizational capacity and support for evidence-informed policymaking (EIPM); developing EIPM skills; and facilitating development of evidence-informed policy briefs. Flexible timetabling of activities was essential to accommodate multiple competing priorities at both individual and organizational levels. Process diaries captured the duration, frequency and type of each interaction and/or activity between the knowledge brokering team and participants or their organizations.Results: Partnerships were formalized with high-level officers in each of the six participating organization. Participants (n = 49) developed EIPM skills (acquire, assess, adapt and apply evidence) through a series of four workshops and applied this knowledge to formulate briefs with ongoing one-to-one support from TROPIC team members. A total of 55% of participants completed the 12 to18 month intervention, and 63% produced one or more briefs (total = 20) that were presented to higher-level officers within their organizations. The knowledge brokering team spent an average of 30 hours per participant during the entire TROPIC process.Conclusions: Active engagement of participating organizations from the outset resulted in strong individual and organizational commitment to the project. The TROPIC initiative provided a win-win situation, with participants expanding skills in EIPM and policy development, organizations increasing EIPM capacity, and researchers providing data to inform policy.
Pan-cancer analysis of whole genomes identifies driver rearrangements promoted by LINE-1 retrotransposition.
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Martin, Bernardo
name: Alvarez, Eva G
name: Baez-Ortega, Adrian
name: Zamora, Jorge
name: Supek, Fran
name: Demeulemeester, Jonas
name: Santamarina, Martin
name: Ju, Young Seok
name: Temes, Javier
name: Garcia-Souto, Daniel
name: Detering, Harald
name: Yilong Li
name: Rodriguez-Castro, Jorge
name: Dueso-Barroso, Ana
name: Bruzos, Alicia L
name: Dentro, Stefan C
name: Blanco, Miguel G
name: Contino, Gianmarco
name: Ardeljan, Daniel
name: Tojo, Marta
name: Roberts, Nicola D
name: Zumalave, Sonia
name: Edwards, Paul AW
name: Weischenfeldt, Joachim
name: Puiggròs, Montserrat
name: Zechen Chong
name: Chen, Ken
name: Eunjung Alice Lee
name: Wala, Jeremiah A
name: Raine, Keiran
name: Butler, Adam
name: Waszak, Sebastian M
name: Navarro, Fabio CP
name: Schumacher, Steven E
name: Monlong, Jean
name: Maura, Francesco
name: Niccolo Bolli
name: Bourque, Guillaume
name: Gerstein, Mark
name: Park, Peter J
name: Wedge, David C
name: Beroukhim, Rameen
name: Torrents, David
name: Korbel, Jan O
name: Inigo Martincorena
name: Fitzgerald, Rebecca C
name: Loo, Peter Van
name: Kazazian, Haig H
name: Burns, Kathleen H
name: PCAWG Structural Variation Working Group
name: Campbell, Peter J
name: Tubio, Jose MC
name: PCAWG Consortium
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: Genetics & Genomics
Human Biology & Physiology
Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
Tumour Biology
Computational & Systems Biology

description: About half of all cancers have somatic integrations of retrotransposons. Here, to characterize their role in oncogenesis, we analyzed the patterns and mechanisms of somatic retrotransposition in 2,954 cancer genomes from 38 histological cancer subtypes within the framework of the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) project. We identified 19,166 somatically acquired retrotransposition events, which affected 35% of samples and spanned a range of event types. Long interspersed nuclear element (LINE-1; L1 hereafter) insertions emerged as the first most frequent type of somatic structural variation in esophageal adenocarcinoma, and the second most frequent in head-and-neck and colorectal cancers. Aberrant L1 integrations can delete megabase-scale regions of a chromosome, which sometimes leads to the removal of tumor-suppressor genes, and can induce complex translocations and large-scale duplications. Somatic retrotranspositions can also initiate breakage-fusion-bridge cycles, leading to high-level amplification of oncogenes. These observations illuminate a relevant role of L1 retrotransposition in remodeling the cancer genome, with potential implications for the development of human tumors.
Power Wheelchair Use in Persons with ALS: Changes over Time
Creators: name: Brooks, Benjamin Rix
name: Ward, Amber Lea
name: Hammond, Sara
name: Holsten, Scott
name: Bravver, Elena
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Medicine
subject: Engineering

description: Objectives: To survey persons with ALS at 1 month and 6 months after receiving power wheelchairs to determine long term use, comfort and function as well as the power wheelchair impact on daily tasks and quality of life.Methods: 33-question survey and Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale (PIADS) was sent 1 month after getting a new power wheelchair, follow up survey sent at 6 months.Results: Based on satisfaction and feature use survey results, at one month, 81% of users found the power wheelchair overall comfort to he high, 88% found their overall mobility to be improved and 95% found it easy to use. Their quality of life increased and pain decreased at one month and six months. According to the PIADS, the power wheelchair gave users increased ability to participate and sense of competence.Conclusions: This study has important results for the ALS community, as it is the first to assess power wheelchair users at one month and six months after power wheelchair procurement. Our results demonstrate the impact the power wheelchair has on mobility, psychosocial issues, functional abilities and quality of life for a person with ALS.
Depressive symptoms and psychosocial functioning in preadolescent children
Creators: name: McCabe, Marita
name: Ricciardelli, Lina
name: Banfield, Sophie
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The current study was designed to determine the percentage of children "at-risk" of depression or evidencing clinical levels of depression. In addition, the study examined how the "at-risk" and the clinical groups differed from children who demonstrated no depressive symptoms on positive and negative affect, four aspects of self-concept, and peer ratings of popularity. Respondents were 510 children (270 boys 240 girls) who ranged in age from 7 to 13 years (mean = 9.39). The results demonstrated that 23% of children were either in the "at-risk" or clinical range of depression. Children in both the clinical and the "at-risk" range demonstrated higher negative affect but lower positive affect and lower self-concepts than children in the normal range. However, children's peers only differentiated between the "clinical" and "normal" groups. It is harder for peers, and other informants such as teachers and parents, to detect the problems of children with elevated depressive symptoms but who do not meet the diagnostic criteria. It is important to implement intervention programs for children who evidence depression symptoms, as well as "at-risk" children. "At-risk" children with elevated levels of depressive symptoms may be more disadvantaged, as their problems are less likely to be detected and treated.
A minimalist biosensor: Quantitation of cyclic di-GMP using the conformational change of a riboswitch aptamer
Creators: name: Kellenberger, Colleen A
name: Sales-Lee, Jade
name: Yuchen Pan
name: Madalee M Gassaway
name: Herr, Amy E
name: Hammond, Ming C
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physiology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) is a second messenger that is important in regulating bacterial physiology and behavior, including motility and virulence. Many questions remain about the role and regulation of this signaling molecule, but current methods of detection are limited by either modest sensitivity or requirements for extensive sample purification. We have taken advantage of a natural, high affinity receptor of c-di-GMP, the Vc2 riboswitch aptamer, to develop a sensitive and rapid electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) for c-di-GMP quantitation that required minimal engineering of the RNA.
A novel autophagy/mitophagy inhibitor liensinine sensitizes breast cancer cells to chemotherapy through DNM1L-mediated mitochondrial fission
Creators: name: Zhou, Jing
name: Guobing Li
name: Zheng, Yi
name: Shen, Han-Ming
name: Xiaoye Hu
name: Qian-Liang Ming
name: Huang, Cheng
name: Li, Peng
name: Gao, Ning
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Autophagy inhibition has been widely accepted as a promising therapeutic strategy in cancer, while lack of effective and specific autophagy inhibitors hinders its application. Here we found that liensinine, a major isoquinoline alkaloid, inhibits late stage autophagy/mitophagy through blocking autophagosome-lysosome fusion. This effect is likely achieved via inhibiting the recruitment of RAB7A to lysosomes but not to autophagosomes. We further investigated the effects of autophagy inhibition by liensinine on the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs and found that cotreatment of liensinine markedly decreased the viability and increased apoptosis in breast cancer cells treated with various chemotherapeutic agents. Mechanistically, we found that inhibition of autophagy/mitophagy by liensinine enhanced doxorubicin-mediated apoptosis by triggering mitochondrial fission, which resulted from dephosphorylation and mitochondrial translocation of DNM1L. However, blocking autophagosome/mitophagosome formation by pharmacological or genetic approaches markedly attenuated mitochondrial fission and apoptosis in cells with combinatatorial treatment. Moreover, liensinine was synergized with doxorubicin to inhibit tumor growth in MDA-MB-231 xenograft in vivo. Our findings suggest that liensinine could potentially be further developed as a novel autophagy/mitophagy inhibitor, and a combination of liensinine with classical chemotherapeutic drugs could represent a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of breast cancer.
Ecological model of Australian indigenous men’s health
Creators: name: McCabe, Marita
name: Mellor, David
name: Ricciardelli, Lina A.
name: Mussapphd, Alexander J.
name: Hallford, David J.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This study was designed to examine the health behaviors as well as the enablers and barriers to health behaviors among Indigenous Australian men. One hundred and fifty Indigenous Australian men in rural, regional, and urban locations were interviewed about their health behaviors. The results revealed several themes of importance: (a) role of community activities, (b) the Indigenous man as a leader and role model, (c) negative impact of discrimination/ racism, (d) importance of partner and family, (e) positive and negative role of peer relationships, (f) central role of culturally appropriate health care facilities, and (g) association between employment and health care problems. These findings highlight the importance of broad community-based (rather than individualistic) approaches to promoting health behavior in Indigenous men.
Direct conversion of mouse fibroblasts to GABAergic neurons with combined medium without the introduction of transcription factors or miRNAs
Creators: name: Huiming Xu
name: Yonghui Wang
name: Zuping He
name: Yang, Hao
name: Gao, Wei-Qiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Biophysics

description: Degeneration or loss of GABAergic neurons frequently may lead to many neuropsychiatric disorders such as epilepsy and autism spectrum disorders. So far no clinically effective therapies can slow and halt the progression of these diseases. Cell-replacement therapy is a promising strategy for treatment of these neuropsychiatric diseases. Although increasing evidence showed that mammalian somatic cells can be directly converted into functional neurons using specific transcription factors or miRNAs via virus delivery, the application of these induced neurons is potentially problematic, due to integration of vectors into the host genome, which results in the disruption or dysfunction of nearby genes. Here, we show that mouse fibroblasts could be efficiently reprogrammed into GABAergic neurons in a combined medium composed of conditioned medium from neurotrophin-3 modified Olfactory Ensheathing Cells (NT3-OECs) plus SB431542, GDNF and RA. Following 3 weeks of induction, these cells derived from fibroblasts acquired the morphological and phenotypical GABAerigic neuronal properties, as demonstrated by the expression of neuronal markers including Tuj1, NeuN, Neurofilament-L, GABA, GABA receptors and GABA transporter 1. More importantly, these converted cells acquired neuronal functional properties such as synapse formation and increasing intracellular free calcium influx when treated with BayK, a specific activator of L-type calcium channel. Therefore, our findings demonstrate for the first time that fibroblasts can be directly converted into GABAergic neurons without ectopic expression of specific transcription factors or miRNA. This study may provide a promising cell source for the application of cell replacement therapy in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Knowledge exchange in the Pacific: The TROPIC (Translational Research into Obesity Prevention Policies for Communities) project
Creators: name: Mavoa, Helen
name: Waqa, Gade
name: Moodie, Marj
name: Kremer, Peter
name: McCabe, Marita
name: Snowdon, Wendy
name: Swinburn, Boyd
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Background: Policies targeting obesogenic environments and behaviours are critical to counter rising obesity rates and lifestyle-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Policies are likely to be most effective and enduring when they are based on the best available evidence. Evidence-informed policy making is especially challenging in countries with limited resources. The Pacific TROPIC (Translational Research for Obesity Prevention in Communities) project aims to implement and evaluate a tailored knowledge-brokering approach to evidence-informed policy making to address obesity in Fiji, a Pacific nation challenged by increasingly high rates of obesity and concomitant NCDs. Methods: The TROPIC project draws on the concept of 'knowledge exchange' between policy developers (individuals; organisations) and researchers to deliver a knowledge broking programme that maps policy environments, conducts workshops on evidence-informed policy making, supports the development of evidence-informed policy briefs, and embeds evidence-informed policy making into organisational culture. Recruitment of government and nongovernment organisational representatives will be based on potential to: develop policies relevant to obesity, reach broad audiences, and commit to resourcing staff and building a culture that supports evidence-informed policy development. Workshops will increase awareness of both obesity and policy cycles, as well as develop participants' skills in accessing, assessing and applying relevant evidence to policy briefs. The knowledge-broking team will then support participants to: 1) develop evidence-informed policy briefs that are both commensurate with national and organisational plans and also informed by evidence from the Pacific Obesity Prevention in Communities project and elsewhere; and 2) collaborate with participating organisations to embed evidence-informed policy making structures and processes. This knowledge broking initiative will be evaluated via data from semi-structured interviews, a validated self-assessment tool, process diaries and outputs. Discussion: Public health interventions have rarely targeted evidence-informed policy making structures and processes to reduce obesity and NCDs. This study will empirically advance understanding of knowledge broking processes to extend evidence-informed policy making skills and develop a suite of national obesity-related policies that can potentially improve population health outcomes.
LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF SYNONYMS AND THEIR MEANINGS IN THE CONTEXT
Creators: name: Toʻramurodova, Aziza
name: Rahimova, Mohlaroyim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In this article, the general properties, usage, and linguistic meanings of synonyms and their mutual equivalents have been studied by comparison. Also, while we have studied synonyms in many ways, such as syntax, lexicology, and semantics, the novelty is that in modern linguistics, the types and different meanings of synonyms are studied in more depth. The sources of synonyms and their application in the context are closely related areas, which are related to the meanings of words.
A novel autophagy/mitophagy inhibitor liensinine sensitizes breast cancer cells to chemotherapy through DNM1L-mediated mitochondrial fission
Creators: name: Zhou, Jing
name: Guobing Li
name: Zheng, Yi
name: Shen, Han-Ming
name: Xiaoye Hu
name: Qian-Liang Ming
name: Huang, Cheng
name: Li, Peng
name: Gao, Ning
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Autophagy inhibition has been widely accepted as a promising therapeutic strategy in cancer, while the lack of effective and specific autophagy inhibitors hinders its application. Here we found that liensinine, a major isoquinoline alkaloid, inhibits late-stage autophagy/mitophagy through blocking autophagosome-lysosome fusion. This effect is likely achieved via inhibiting the recruitment of RAB7A to lysosomes but not to autophagosomes. We further investigated the effects of autophagy inhibition by liensinine on the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs and found that cotreatment of liensinine markedly decreased the viability and increased apoptosis in breast cancer cells treated with various chemotherapeutic agents. Mechanistically, we found that inhibition of autophagy/mitophagy by liensinine enhanced doxorubicin-mediated apoptosis by triggering mitochondrial fission, which resulted from dephosphorylation and mitochondrial translocation of DNM1L. However, blocking autophagosome/mitophagosome formation by pharmacological or genetic approaches markedly attenuated mitochondrial fission and apoptosis in cells with combinatatorial treatment. Moreover, liensinine was synergized with doxorubicin to inhibit tumor growth in MDA-MB-231 xenograft in vivo. Our findings suggest that liensinine could potentially be further developed as a novel autophagy/mitophagy inhibitor, and a combination of liensinine with classical chemotherapeutic drugs could represent a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of breast cancer.
A minimalist biosensor: Quantitation of cyclic Di-GMP using the conformational change of a riboswitch aptamer
Creators: name: Kellenberger, Colleen A
name: Sales-Lee, Jade
name: Yuchen Pan
name: Madalee M Gassaway
name: Herr, Amy E
name: Hammond, Ming C
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physiology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) is a second messenger that is important in regulating bacterial physiology and behavior, including motility and virulence. Many questions remain about the role and regulation of this signaling molecule, but current methods of detection are limited by either modest sensitivity or requirements for extensive sample purification. We have taken advantage of a natural, high affinity receptor of c-di-GMP, the Vc2 riboswitch aptamer, to develop a sensitive and rapid electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) for c-di-GMP quantitation that required minimal engineering of the RNA.
title: Experimental Studies on Neutron Detection for Nuclear Waste Characterization
Creators: name: Jäger, Tim Thomas
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2025

description: Proper characterization of radioactive waste has become a pressing challenge for all countries involved in nuclear power production. Often non-destructive analysis techniques are preferred over other methods for safety, economic, and regulatory reasons. As neutrons offer superior penetration capabilities for meter-sized and heavily shielded waste packages while providing good contrast for light materials such as residual water, they have great potential for non-destructive waste analysis. However, a suitable neutron detector is paramount to neutron-based nuclear waste characterization. Therefore, two neutron detectors capable of detecting neutrons spatially and temporally resolved have been evaluated in the work presented here. 
The first detector was tailored to the specific requirements of high-energy laser-driven neutron sources as they could potentially be an affordable short-pulsed neutron source in the future. To validate the functionality of this detector based on a scintillator array coupled to a multi-anode photomultiplier tube, two tests were conducted. At the PHELIX laser at GSI, a lead brick was imaged with a contrast of FoM= 1.94, bringing the first proof-of-concept that MeV neutron radiographs can be captured at laser-driven neutron sources with this detector. Furthermore, a more complex T-shaped sample made of plastic (C₃H₄O₂) and tungsten was successfully imaged at the spallation neutron source n_TOF at CERN. Moreover, the temporal resolution of the detector permitted the measurement of energy-dependent transmission spectra of plastic. When comparing the measured data points with expected transmission spectra calculated from the material’s total cross-sections and thickness, reasonable agreement within the uncertainties could be observed. 
Additionally, a second neutron detector developed by Adrian Losko has been evaluated. Because this detector is based on an unique event-mode camera utilizing the Timepix3 chip designed at CERN, it offers superior resolution compared to the photomultiplier-based detector. Therefore, a mock-up nuclear waste package comprising, amongst others, light materials such as water and ion exchange resin, has been characterized with the Timepix3-based detector. These representative materials are commonly found in nuclear waste. In addition to capturing accurate radiographs, it was possible to reconstruct the sample in 3D using tomographic reconstruction. From the 3D model, the distance between sample holder table legs was determined to be (4.0 ± 0.1) mm in agreement with the actual distance of (4.0 ± 0.1) mm. The transmission spectra measured with a short-pulse, time-of-flight neutron source enabling energy-resolved neutron detection similarly to laser-driven neutron sources, agreed well with the expected spectra and it has been possible to localize the light materials in the waste package based on their unique transmission profiles.
title: A Glimpse of the Open-Source FLIM Analysis Software Tools FLIMfit, FLUTE and napari-flim-phasor-plotter
title: GerBI FLIM Workshop 2024 Flash Talks
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Margineanu, Anca
name: Stringari, Chiara
name: Zoccoler, Marcelo
name: Wetzker, Cornelia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The presentations introduce open-source software to read in, visualize and analyse fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) raw data developed for life scientists. The slides were presented at German Bioimaging (GerBI) FLIM Workshop held February 26 to 29 2024 at the Biomedical Center of LMU München by Anca Margineanu, Chiara Stringari and Conni Wetzker.
Fouling characteristics of NOM during the ceramic membrane microfiltration process for water treatment
Creators: name: Kyung-Jo Kim
name: Jang, Am
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Ceramic membrane filtration is one of the most promising membrane technologies used for advanced water treatment. Many studies of the fouling behavior of natural organic matter (NOM) have been conducted, but membrane fouling due to dissolved organic matter remains a critical problem preventing the efficient operation of ceramic microfiltration (MF) in water treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fouling characteristics of NOM during ceramic MF using pilot-scale ceramic membrane equipment. In experiments to characterize this fouling behavior, humic acid (HA), bovine serum albumin (BSA), and sodium alginate (SA) were used as representatives of humic substances, proteins, and polysaccharides, respectively. In particular, we evaluated the effects of several parameters on the fouling characteristics of NOM, including concentration, foulant mixture, and rate of flux recovery. The flux decline in the presence of SA showed that ceramic membrane fouling occurred immediately. The membrane fouling by HA was well explained by a linear regression equation. More interestingly, BSA was found to cause mainly irreversible fouling, which is significant because this mechanism involves internal pore adsorption through particle superposition due to foulant accumulation on the membrane surface. The results indicate that the different fouling behaviors of the three types of macromolecules are distinct due to their apparent physical–chemical characteristics.
Initiators and Barriers to Discussion and Treatment of Premature Ejaculation Among Men and Their Partners in Asia Pacific – Results From a Web-based Survey
Creators: name: Lee, George
name: McMahon, Chris G.
name: McCabe, Marita
name: Jiang, Hui
name: Lee, Sung Won
name: Lim, Peter
name: Jiann, Bang Ping
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Introduction Premature ejaculation (PE) is one of the most prevalent yet under-reported sexual disorders. Differing sociocultural norms across the Asia-Pacific region provide unique challenges in PE management. Methods This web-based study collected data from 5,038 men and women across 11 countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Respondents were recruited from an existing database. Main Outcome Measures The initiators and barriers for PE discussions and for seeking professional management following self-treatment, as well as their choices and expectations of healthcare professionals (HCPs). Results More than two-thirds of respondents have discussed PE with their partners, and men are more likely to initiate the discussion. Top drivers were for both partners to attain sexual satisfaction and greater fulfillment in the relationship. Emotional insecurity was the top barrier for men as they did not want to feel hurt or inadequate. Before consulting an HCP, more than two-thirds of men self-treated their PE for at least 20 months. The primary reason for stopping self-treatment and seeking medical management was a lack of improvement in sexual satisfaction. The ideal attributes that men seek in their HCP included trust and being knowledgeable about PE management. Conclusion Attitudes and barriers to PE and its treatment in the Asia-Pacific region are poorly understood. Many men are reluctant to seek professional advice and therefore resort to self-treatment for extended periods. HCPs can play a key role to empower PE sufferers and partners to understand the prevalence, medical relevance, treatability, and negative impacts of PE on sexual and overall relationships. Greater awareness of the diverse cultural and social norms, education of both partners and HCPs, and the involvement of HCPs through a patient-centric approach are all pivotal in managing PE optimally across the Asia-Pacific region.
Fouling characteristics of NOM during the ceramic membrane microfiltration process for water treatment
Creators: name: Kyung-Jo Kim
name: Jang, Am
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Ceramic membrane filtration is one of the most promising membrane technologies used for advanced water treatment. Many studies of the fouling behavior of natural organic matter (NOM) have been conducted, but membrane fouling due to dissolved organic matter remains a critical problem preventing the efficient operation of ceramic microfiltration (MF) in water treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fouling characteristics of NOM during ceramic MF using pilot-scale ceramic membrane equipment. In experiments to characterize this fouling behavior, humic acid (HA), bovine serum albumin (BSA), and sodium alginate (SA) were used as representatives of humic substances, proteins, and polysaccharides, respectively. In particular, we evaluated the effects of several parameters on the fouling characteristics of NOM, including concentration, foulant mixture, and rate of flux recovery. The flux decline in the presence of SA showed that ceramic membrane fouling occurred immediately. The membrane fouling by HA was well explained by a linear regression equation. More interestingly, BSA was found to cause mainly irreversible fouling, which is significant because this mechanism involves internal pore adsorption through particle superposition due to foulant accumulation on the membrane surface. The results indicate that the different fouling behaviors of the three types of macromolecules are distinct due to their apparent physical–chemical characteristics.
The Alcohol Intervention Training Program (AITP): A response to alcohol misuse in the farming community
Creators: name: Brumby, Susan A.
name: Kennedy, Alison J.
name: Mellor, David
name: McCabe, Marita
name: Ricciardelli, Lina A.
name: Head, Alexandra
name: Mercer-Grant, Catherine
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Background: Farm men and women in Australia have higher levels of problematic alcohol use than their urban counterparts and experience elevated health risks associated with excessive alcohol consumption. The Sustainable Farm Families (SFF) program has worked successfully with farm men and women to address health, well- being and safety and has identified that further research and training is required to understand and address alcohol misuse behaviours. This project will add an innovative component to the program by training health professionals working with farm men and women to discuss and respond to alcohol-related physical and mental health problems. Methods/Design. A mixed method design with multi-level evaluation will be implemented following the development and delivery of a training program (The Alcohol Intervention Training Program {AITP}) for Sustainable Farm Families health professionals. Pre-, post- and follow-up surveys will be used to assess both the impact of the training on the knowledge, confidence and skills of the health professionals to work with alcohol misuse and associated problems, and the impact of the training on the attitudes, behaviour and mental health of farm men and women who participate in the SFF project. Evaluations will take a range of forms including self-rated outcome measures and interviews. Discussion. The success of this project will enhance the health and well-being of a critical population, the farm men and women of Australia, by producing an evidence-based strategy to assist them to adopt more positive alcohol-related behaviours that will lead to better physical and mental health.
Direct conversion of mouse fibroblasts to GABAergic neurons with combined medium without the introduction of transcription factors or miRNAs
Creators: name: Huiming Xu
name: Yonghui Wang
name: Zuping He
name: Yang, Hao
name: Gao, Wei-Qiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology

description: Degeneration or loss of GABAergic neurons frequently may lead to many neuropsychiatric disorders such as epilepsy and autism spectrum disorders. So far no clinically effective therapies can slow and halt the progression of these diseases. Cell-replacement therapy is a promising strategy for treatment of these neuropsychiatric diseases. Although increasing evidence showed that mammalian somatic cells can be directly converted into functional neurons using specific transcription factors or miRNAs via virus delivery, the application of these induced neurons is potentially problematic, due to integration of vectors into the host genome, which results in the disruption or dysfunction of nearby genes. Here, we show that mouse fibroblasts could be efficiently reprogrammed into GABAergic neurons in a combined medium composed of conditioned medium from neurotrophin-3 modified Olfactory Ensheathing Cells (NT3-OECs) plus SB431542, GDNF and RA. Following 3 weeks of induction, these cells derived from fibroblasts acquired the morphological and phenotypical GABAerigic neuronal properties, as demonstrated by the expression of neuronal markers including Tuj1, NeuN, Neurofilament-L, GABA, GABA receptors and GABA transporter 1. More importantly, these converted cells acquired neuronal functional properties such as synapse formation and increasing intracellular free calcium influx when treated with BayK, a specific activator of L-type calcium channel. Therefore, our findings demonstrate for the first time that fibroblasts can be directly converted into GABAergic neurons without ectopic expression of specific transcription factors or miRNA. This study may provide a promising cell source for the application of cell replacement therapy in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Knowledge-exchange in the Pacific: Outcomes of the TROPIC (translational research for obesity prevention in communities) project
Creators: name: Kremer, Peter
name: Mavoa, Helen
name: Waqa, Gade
name: Moodie, Marjory
name: McCabe, Marita
name: Swinburn, Boyd
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Background: The Pacific TROPIC (Translational Research for Obesity Prevention in Communities) project aimed to design, implement and evaluate a knowledge-broking approach to evidence-informed policy making to address obesity in Fiji. This paper reports on the quantitative evaluation of the knowledge-broking intervention through assessment of participants’ perceptions of evidence use and development of policy/advocacy briefs.
Methods: Selected staff from six organizations - four government Ministries and two nongovernment organizations (NGOs) - participated in the project. The intervention comprised workshops and supported development of policy/advocacy briefs. Workshops addressed obesity and policy cycles and developing participants’ skills in accessing, assessing, adapting and applying relevant evidence. A knowledge-broking team supported participants individually and/or in small groups to develop evidence-informed policy/advocacy briefs. A questionnaire survey that included workplace and demographic items and the self-assessment tool “Is Research Working for You?” (IRWFY) was administered pre- and post-intervention.
Results: Forty nine individuals (55% female, 69% 21–40 years, 69% middle-senior managers) participated in the study. The duration and level of participant engagement with the intervention activities varied – just over half participated for 10+ months, just under half attended most workshops and approximately one third produced one or more policy briefs. There were few reliable changes on the IRWFY scales following the intervention; while positive changes were found on several scales, these effects were small (d < .2) and only one individual scale (assess) was statistically significant (p < .05). Follow up (N = 1) analyses of individual-level change indicated that while 63% of participants reported increased research utilization post-intervention, this proportion was not different to chance levels. Similar analysis using scores aggregated by organization also revealed no organizational-level change post-intervention.
Conclusions: This study empirically evaluated a knowledge-broking program that aimed to extend evidence-informed policy making skills and development of a suite of national policy briefs designed to increase the enactment of obesity-related policies. The findings failed to indicate reliable improvements in research utilization at either the individual or organizational level. Factors associated with fidelity and intervention dose as well as challenges related to organizational support and the measurement of research utilization, are discussed and recommendations for future research presented.
Isolation and characterisation of three new anthraquinone secondary metabolites from Symplocosracemosa
Creators: name: Farooq, Umar
name: Khan, Ajmal
name: Khan, Afsar
name: Ali, Mumtaz
name: Naz, Sadia
name: Khan, Sara
name: Saleha Suleman Khan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Three new anthraquinone secondary metabolites were isolated from Symplocos racemosa, a small tree of family symplocaceae. The structures of compounds (1–3) were elucidated to be 1,4-dihydroxy-6-(ethoxymethyl)-8-propylanthracene-9,10-dione (1), 1,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-8-butylanthracene-9,10-dione (2) and 1,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-8-propyl anthracene-9,10-dione (3) using their spectral data, i.e. through IR, UV, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and two-dimensional (2D) NMR techniques including heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence, heteronuclear multiple bond correlation and correlation spectroscopy.
A novel autophagy/mitophagy inhibitor liensinine sensitizes breast cancer cells to chemotherapy through DNM1L-mediated mitochondrial fission
Creators: name: Zhou, Jing
name: Guobing Li
name: Zheng, Yi
name: Shen, Han-Ming
name: Xiaoye Hu
name: Qian-Liang Ming
name: Huang, Cheng
name: Li, Peng
name: Gao, Ning
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Autophagy inhibition has been widely accepted as a promising therapeutic strategy in cancer, while the lack of effective and specific autophagy inhibitors hinders its application. Here we found that liensinine, a major isoquinoline alkaloid, inhibits late-stage autophagy/mitophagy through blocking autophagosome-lysosome fusion. This effect is likely achieved via inhibiting the recruitment of RAB7A to lysosomes but not to autophagosomes. We further investigated the effects of autophagy inhibition by liensinine on the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs and found that cotreatment of liensinine markedly decreased the viability and increased apoptosis in breast cancer cells treated with various chemotherapeutic agents. Mechanistically, we found that inhibition of autophagy/mitophagy by liensinine enhanced doxorubicin-mediated apoptosis by triggering mitochondrial fission, which resulted from dephosphorylation and mitochondrial translocation of DNM1L. However, blocking autophagosome/mitophagosome formation by pharmacological or genetic approaches markedly attenuated mitochondrial fission and apoptosis in cells with combinatatorial treatment. Moreover, liensinine was synergized with doxorubicin to inhibit tumor growth in MDA-MB-231 xenograft in vivo. Our findings suggest that liensinine could potentially be further developed as a novel autophagy/mitophagy inhibitor, and a combination of liensinine with classical chemotherapeutic drugs could represent a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of breast cancer.
Role of spontaneous and sensory orexin network dynamics in rapid locomotion initiation
Creators: name: Karnani, Mahesh M
name: Schöne, Cornelia
name: Bracey, Edward F
name: J Antonio González
name: Viskaitis, Paulius
name: Han-Tao Li
name: Adamantidis, Antoine
name: Burdakov, Denis
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Imaging
subject: Microfabrication & Bioengineering
subject: Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
subject: Metabolism
subject: Computational & Systems Biology

description: Appropriate motor control is critical for normal life, and requires hypothalamic hypocretin/orexin neurons (HONs). HONs are slowly regulated by nutrients, but also display rapid (subsecond) activity fluctuations in vivo. The necessity of these activity bursts for sensorimotor control and their roles in specific phases of movement are unknown. Here we show that temporally-restricted optosilencing of spontaneous or sensory-evoked HON bursts disrupts locomotion initiation, but does not affect ongoing locomotion. Conversely, HON optostimulation initiates locomotion with subsecond delays in a frequency-dependent manner. Using 2-photon volumetric imaging of activity of >300 HONs during sensory stimulation and self-initiated locomotion, we identify several locomotion-related HON subtypes, which distinctly predict the probability of imminent locomotion initiation, display distinct sensory responses, and are differentially modulated by food deprivation. By causally linking HON bursts to locomotion initiation, these findings reveal the sensorimotor importance of rapid spontaneous and evoked fluctuations in HON ensemble activity.
Seismic Design Methods for Steel Concentric Braced Frame: State-of-the-art Review
Creators: name: Al-Mashaykhi, Mustafa
name: Rajeev, Pat
name: Wijesundara, Kushan
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Due the unexpected failures during past earthquakes, the seismic design methods for civil structure evolved significantly in the last century. Especially the introduction of performance based design methods enhance the force-based design and also lead to the development of displacement based design concept in structural engineering. On this regards, this paper critically reviews the current design methods for steel concentric braced frame (CBF) structures. The review process focuses on variation in the design methods and assumptions made in each methods. Further, the comparison of performance of the structures design based on each methods are discussed.
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОГО СПОСОБА ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ УКСУСНОЙ КИСЛОТЫ
Creators: name: Эргашева, Д.А.
name: Исматуллаева, М.И.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: обусловлена следующим: существующие в Узбекистане производства уксусной кислоты были созданы несколько десятилетий назад и за прошедший период появились новые уникальные разработки, появились новые технология при получение уксусной кислоты. Изменились требования к защите окружающей среды от антропогенного воздействия.