cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dislessia e tecnologie: quali evidenze di efficacia?
Creators: name: Micheletta, Silvia
name: Emili, Enrico Angelo
Publisher: name: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete
Year: 2013

description: In questo lavoro ci si chiede se, in che misura e in quali contesti, le tecnologie possano essere efficaci per la dislessia. A questo scopo è stata compiuta, attraverso i motori di ricerca più noti, una selezione tra gli studi effettuati sul tema ricercando dapprima meta-analisi e rassegne critiche per poi passare a raccogliere e comparare ricerche sperimentali che si presentassero come significative e affidabili. Il risultato di questa indagine ha portato ad individuare due rilevanti rassegne, alle quali sono stati aggiunti due studi precedenti al 2004 e sei ricerche compiute dal 2005 sino ad oggi, concernenti la sintesi vocale, il riconoscimento vocale, la Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI), l’ipermedialità e multimedialità del testo elettronico, i programmi di lettura e spelling e quelli di consapevolezza fonologica. Le conclusioni mettono in evidenza che le tecnologie di maggiore efficacia riguardano i software drill & practice orientati all’apprendimento fonologico, i software per il riconoscimento vocale ed altri strumenti di supporto alla scrittura elettronica.
description: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2013): Evidence Based Education: tecnologie per l'apprendimento
Smooth Kuranishi atlases with isotropy
Creators: name: McDuff, Dusa
name: Wehrheim, Katrin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D35, 53D45, 54B15, 57R17, 57R95

description: Kuranishi structures were introduced in the 1990s by Fukaya and Ono for the purpose of assigning a virtual cycle to moduli spaces of pseudoholomorphic curves that cannot be regularized by geometric methods. Their core idea was to build such a cycle by patching local finite dimensional reductions, given by smooth sections that are equivariant under a finite isotropy group. Building on our notions of topological Kuranishi atlases and perturbation constructions in the case of trivial isotropy, we develop a theory of Kuranishi atlases and cobordisms that transparently resolves the challenges posed by nontrivial isotropy. We assign to a cobordism class of weak Kuranishi atlases both a virtual moduli cycle (VMC - a cobordism class of weighted branched manifolds) and a virtual fundamental class (VFC - a Cech homology class).
description: v2 adjusts some cross-references
Le TIC nella scuola: dieci raccomandazioni per i policy maker
Creators: name: Calvani, Antonio
Publisher: name: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete
Year: 2013

description: Basandosi sulle evidenze relative al rapporto tra tecnologia e apprendimento e sul recente rapporto OCSE riguardante il Piano Nazionale Scuola Digitale, l’autore riflette sui criteri che devono orientare le politiche innovative, ispirati a sostenibilità, ottimizzazione dell’impatto educativo, sottolineando anche la necessità di finalizzare meglio l’impiego delle tecnologie verso specifici obiettivi. Viene ricordato come storicamente si tenda a sovrastimare l’effetto positivo delle tecnologie sull’apprendimento; la ricerca ha invece rilevato i limiti della loro efficacia (da ricercare in determinate aree) e la rilevanza del rischio del sovraccarico cognitivo che la loro introduzione può comportare. Si propongono alcuni suggerimenti per i decisori scolastici rispondendo alle due domande “Quali criteri per la politica tecnologica?”, “In che modo usare le tecnologie per apprendere a scuola?”.
description: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2013): Evidence Based Education: tecnologie per l'apprendimento
Use of patient flow analysis to improve patient visit efficiency by decreasing wait time in a primary care-based disease management programs for anticoagulation and chronic pain: a quality improvement study
Creators: name: Chelminski, Paul R.
name: Shilliday, Betsy
name: DeWalt, Darren A
name: Malone, Robert M.
name: Potisek, Nicholas M
name: Ives, Timothy
name: Pignone, Michael
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2007

description: Abstract Background Patients with chronic conditions require frequent care visits. Problems can arise during several parts of the patient visit that decrease efficiency, making it difficult to effectively care for high volumes of patients. The purpose of the study is to test a method to improve patient visit efficiency. Methods We used Patient Flow Analysis to identify inefficiencies in the patient visit, suggest areas for improvement, and test the effectiveness of clinic interventions. Results At baseline, the mean visit time for 93 anticoagulation clinic patient visits was 84 minutes (+/- 50 minutes) and the mean visit time for 25 chronic pain clinic patient visits was 65 minutes (+/- 21 minutes). Based on these data, we identified specific areas of inefficiency and developed interventions to decrease the mean time of the patient visit. After interventions, follow-up data found the mean visit time was reduced to 59 minutes (+/-25 minutes) for the anticoagulation clinic, a time decrease of 25 minutes (t-test 39%; p < 0.001). Mean visit time for the chronic pain clinic was reduced to 43 minutes (+/- 14 minutes) a time decrease of 22 minutes (t-test 34 %; p < 0.001). Conclusion Patient Flow Analysis is an effective technique to identify inefficiencies in the patient visit and efficiently collect patient flow data. Once inefficiencies are identified they can be improved through brief interventions.
Broadband-tunable LP$_{01}$ mode frequency shifting by Raman coherence waves in H$_2$-filled hollow-core PCF
Creators: name: Bauerschmidt, S. T.
name: Novoa, David
name: Abdolvand, Amir
name: Russell, Philip S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a laser pump beam of sufficient intensity is incident on a Raman-active medium such as hydrogen gas, a strong Stokes signal, red-shifted by the Raman transition frequency Ω$_R$, is generated. This is accompanied by the creation of a "coherence wave" of synchronized molecular oscillations with wavevector Δβ determined by the optical dispersion. Within its lifetime, this coherence wave can be used to shift by Ω$_R$ the frequency of a third "mixing" signal, provided phase-matching is satisfied, i.e., Δβ is matched. Conventionally this can be arranged using non-collinear beams or higher-order waveguide modes. Here we report collinear phase-matched frequency shifting of an arbitrary mixing signal using only the fundamental LP$_{01}$ modes of a hydrogen-filled hollow-core PCF. This is made possible by the S-shaped dispersion curve that occurs around the pressure-tunable zero dispersion point. Phase-matched frequency shifting by 125 THz is possible from the UV to the near-IR. Long interaction lengths and tight modal confinement reduce the peak intensities required, allowing conversion efficiencies in excess of 70%. The system is of great interest in coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy and for wavelength-conversion of broadband laser sources.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures, supplementary material
Diagnostic accuracy of tests to detect Hepatitis C antibody: a meta-analysis and review of the literature
Creators: name: Amini, Ali
name: Easterbrook, Philippa
name: Peeling, Rosanna
name: Tucker, Joseph
name: Falconer, Jane
name: Tang, Weiming
name: Varsaneux, Olivia
name: Boeras, Debi
name: Chen, Wen
name: Kelly, Helen
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background Although direct-acting antivirals can achieve sustained virological response rates greater than 90% in Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infected persons, at present the majority of HCV-infected individuals remain undiagnosed and therefore untreated. While there are a wide range of HCV serological tests available, there is a lack of formal assessment of their diagnostic performance. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate he diagnostic accuracy of available rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) and laboratory based EIA assays in detecting antibodies to HCV. Methods We used the PRISMA checklist and Cochrane guidance to develop our search protocol. The search strategy was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42015023567). The search focused on hepatitis C, diagnostic tests, and diagnostic accuracy within eight databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Science Citation Index Expanded, Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science, SCOPUS, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde and WHO Global Index Medicus. Studies were included if they evaluated an assay to determine the sensitivity and specificity of HCV antibody (HCV Ab) in humans. Two reviewers independently extracted data and performed a quality assessment of the studies using the QUADAS tool. We pooled test estimates using the DerSimonian-Laird method, by using the software R and RevMan. 5.3. Results A total of 52 studies were identified that included 52,673 unique test measurements. Based on five studies, the pooled sensitivity and specificity of HCV Ab rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) were 98% (95% CI 98-100%) and 100% (95% CI 100-100%) compared to an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) reference standard. High HCV Ab RDTs sensitivity and specificity were observed across screening populations (general population, high risk populations, and hospital patients) using different reference standards (EIA, nucleic acid testing, immunoblot). There were insufficient studies to undertake subanalyses based on HIV co-infection. Oral HCV Ab RDTs also had excellent sensitivity and specificity compared to blood reference tests, respectively at 94% (95% CI 93-96%) and 100% (95% CI 100-100%). Among studies that assessed individual oral RDTs, the eight studies revealed that OraQuick ADVANCE® had a slightly higher sensitivity (98%, 95% CI 97-98%) compared to the other oral brands (pooled sensitivity: 88%, 95% CI 84-92%). Conclusions RDTs, including oral tests, have excellent sensitivity and specificity compared to laboratory-based methods for HCV antibody detection across a wide range of settings. Oral HCV Ab RDTs had good sensitivity and specificity compared to blood reference standards.
Quali politiche di innovazione tecnologica per la scuola italiana?
Creators: name: Cianfriglia, Licia
Publisher: name: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete
Year: 2013

description: Il presente contributo affronta il tema del rapporto tra introduzione delle tecnologie in classe e cambiamenti delle pratiche degli insegnanti. Alla luce dei cambiamenti sociali e delle abitudini degli individui, sulla base della conoscenza diretta della realtà scolastica del Paese, e dei dati messi a disposizione dalle indagini nazionali e internazionali sui comportamenti professionali dei docenti e sulle competenze acquisite dagli alunni, intende evidenziare le scelte necessarie per attuare efficaci politiche di innovazione della scuola italiana.
description: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2013): Evidence Based Education: tecnologie per l'apprendimento
Superconductivity in 2D electron gas induced by high energy optical phonon mode and large polarization of the STO substrate
Creators: name: Rosenstein, Baruch
name: Shapiro, B. Ya.
name: Shapiro, I.
name: Li, Dingping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theory of superconductivity generated in one atomic layer thick two dimensional electron gas by a single flat band of high energy longitudinal optical phonons is considered. The polar dielectric $SrTiO_{3}$ (STO) exhibits such an energetic phonon mode and the 2DEG is created both when one unit cell $FeSe$ layer is grown on its $\left( 100\right) $ surface and on the interface with another dielectric like $LaAlO_{3}$ (LAO). We obtain a quantitative description of both systems solving the gap equation for $T_{c}$ without making use of approximations like the Kirzhnits Ansatz for arbitrary chemical potential $μ$, electron-phonon coupling $λ$ and the phonon frequency $Ω$, and direct (RPA) electron-electron repulsion strength $α$. The high temperature superconductivity in 1UC$FeSe$/STO is possible due to a combination of three factors: high LO phonon frequency, large electron-phonon coupling $λ\sim 0.5$ and huge dielectric constant of the substrate suppression the Coulomb repulsion. It is shown that very low density electron gas in the interfaces is still capable of generating superconductivity of the order of $0.1$ K in LAO/STO. Superconductivity persists even on the band edge $μ=0$.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
A binary counterpart for 2FGL J2039.6-5620
Creators: name: Romani, Roger W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have identified an optical/X-ray binary with orbital period P_b=5.47h as the likely counterpart of the Fermi source 2FGL J2039.6-5620. GROND, SOAR and DES observations provide an accurate orbital period and allow us to compare with the light curve of an archival XMM exposure. Like many short-period optical X-ray binaries associated with LAT sources this may be a interacting (black widow/redback) millisecond pulsar binary. The X-ray light curve is consistent with the emission associated with an intrabinary shock. The optical light curve shows evidence of companion heating, but has a peculiar asymmetric double peak. The nature of this optical structure is not yet clear; additional optical studies and, especially, detection of an orbital modulation in a gamma-ray pulsar are needed to elucidate the nature of this peculiar source.
description: Three figures. to appear in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Short-range spin-dependent interactions of electrons: a probe for exotic pseudo-Goldstone bosons
Creators: name: Terrano, W. A.
name: Adelberger, E. G.
name: Lee, J. G.
name: Heckel, B. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used a torsion pendulum and rotating attractor with 20-pole electron-spin distributions to probe dipole-dipole interactions mediated by exotic pseudo-Goldstone bosons with $m_{\rm b}\leq 500 \; μ$eV and coupling strengths up to 14 orders of magnitude weaker than electromagnetism. This corresponds to symmetry-breaking scales $F \leq 70$ TeV, the highest reached in any laboratory experiment. We used an attractor with a 20-pole unpolarized mass distribution to improve laboratory bounds on $CP$-violating monopole-dipole interactions with $1.5\:μ$eV$
description: 5 pages, 5 figures submitted to PRL
A Dangerous Game: China's State Media Perceptions of Strategic Competition with the United States
Creators: name: LaRocca, Andrew
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: US-China Relations
subject: Stanford East Asian Studies
subject: Propaganda, Chinese
subject: Great powers--Foreign relations

description: The perception of a “rising China” and “declining US” among Western academic and policymaking circles has sparked fears of an emboldened China that views military conflict as beneficial to their interests. This research aims to provide clarity on this issue by analyzing how Chinese state media portrays strategic competition with the US. Drawing from online Chinese-language news articles from media institutions that reflect the Chinese Communist Party’s official party line (People’s Daily, PLA Daily, Global Times, and Xinhua), I examine how these outlets depict economic, technological, military, political, and international competition with the US. This research analyzes these depictions against the backdrop of pivotal moments in 21st century US-China relations: the 2008 Great Recession, the 2012 Power Transition, the 2018 US-China Trade War, and 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic. Taking a random sample of articles from each time period, I assign each article a score ranging from “-1” to “1” to measure tone and calculate the percentage of positive, negative, and neutral stories within each time period and category of strategic competition. Second, I conduct a qualitative analysis of the articles within each random sample to identify general themes and messaging. This research identified a drastic rise in negative coverage of the US across the four time periods and five categories. This research also determined that Chinese state media has propagated a “peak-US” theory. According to this theory, the overall decline of the US has made it a more hostile power that aims to suppress China’s development and resurrect a “New Cold War.” Despite these views of a hostile US, state media narratives urged the US to return to cooperation and avoid war due to a recognition that China benefits more from overall cooperation with the US, especially in terms of economic and technological development.
Lezioni di Fisica con il cellulare e gli SMS
Creators: name: Piccione, Andrea
Publisher: name: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete
Year: 2013

description: La mancanza di dotazioni tecnologiche nelle scuole diventa ancora più significativa quando è alta la componente di allievi che già soffrono dei limiti legati alla provenienza da situazioni economicamente disagiate e culturalmente deprivate. Per fare fronte a tali limiti, ho messo a punto nelle classi prime di un Istituto Professionale alcune attività volte a utilizzare risorse senza costi aggiuntivi per la scuola e per gli studenti. L’approccio seguito prevede l’uso dei telefoni cellulari come strumenti didattici, che si rivelano anche una utile interfaccia per accedere con gli SMS ad applicazioni gratuite disponibili in rete. In questo lavoro presento alcune pratiche di classe che ho adottato per l’introduzione delle grandezze fisiche.
description: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2013): Evidence Based Education: tecnologie per l'apprendimento
Federico Corni (a cura di), Le scienze nella prima educazione. Un approccio narrativo a un curricolo interdisciplinare. Trento: Erickson (2013)
Creators: name: Landriscina, Franco
Publisher: name: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete
Year: 2013

description: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2013): Evidence Based Education: tecnologie per l'apprendimento
The effect of intravenous and oral antibiotics on the gut microbiome and breath volatile organic compounds over one year: a case report
Creators: name: Shahi, Farah
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Sciences
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Diagnosis
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment
subject: Other Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment
subject: Medical Microbiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary files for "The effect of intravenous and oral antibiotics on the gut microbiome and breath volatile organic compounds over one year: a case report."
Oral presentation at World Congress on Agroforestry 2022 : Faidherbia albida transpiration and canopy conductance in a reference agroforestry system of West Africa
Creators: name: Do, Frederic
name: Sarr, Mame
name: Diouf, Khalisse
name: Sow, Sidy
name: Diongue, Djim
name: Rocheteau, Alain
name: Diedhiou, Ibrahima
name: Seghieri, Josiane
name: Le Maire, Guerric
name: Roupsard, Olivier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: agroforestry
west africa
sahel

description: Faidherbia albida (FA) is an emblematic woody species of agroforestry systems in semi-arid Africa. It is phreatophyte and shows reverse phenology (leafless in rainy season) which avoids competition for soil water with associated crops. The root access to groundwater is assumed to prevent constraint on transpiration. However, the details of FA transpiration and canopy conductance under daily and seasonal conditions are poorly known.
 The study was conducted at Faidherbia-Flux1 station in the population-health-environment observatory of Niakhar, Senegal. Five mature trees were selected in the stand with a density of 6.9 tree ha-1. Sap flow and soil water content were continuously recorded over a complete year with meteorological variables and measurements of leaf area index and leaf water potential.
 Maximal transpiration estimated from sap flow peaked around 210 L tree-1 day-1 in the early-dry season (December) for an average tree (DBH of 48.5 cm and 260 m² of leaf area). The transpiration slowly decreased up to June before a sharp decrease following intense defoliation at the beginning of the rainy season. Predawn leaf water potential ranged between 0.25 in early-dry season and 0.45 MPa in mid-dry season, indicating a low water constraint. However, the reference canopy stomatal conductance per leaf area (at 1 kPa of air vapour pressure deficit, VPD) decreased from around 100 in early-dry season to 50 mmol m-2s-1 in mid-dry season suggesting a significant regulation. Moreover, in both cases, the canopy stomatal conductance was highly sensitive to VPD with a 50% decrease at 3 kPa. These results support influences of soil surface water and air dryness on transpiration.
 This study provides new bases for the modeling of transpiration and water uptake of FA trees. It is paving the way towards a more accurate water balance and a better assessment of FA parkland efficiency and sustainability.
 1 Faidherbia-
Thick morphisms of supermanifolds and oscillatory integral operators
Creators: name: Voronov, Theodore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that thick morphisms (or microformal morphisms) between smooth (super)manifolds, introduced by us before, are classical limits of `quantum thick morphisms' defined here as particular oscillatory integral operators on functions.
An implementation science protocol of the Women’s Health CoOp in healthcare settings in Cape Town, South Africa: A stepped-wedge design
Creators: name: Dunlap, Laura
name: Browne, Felicia A
name: Ndirangu, Jacqueline W
name: Gumula, Winnifred
name: Zule, William A
name: Wechsberg, Wendee
name: Peasant, Courtney
name: Speizer, Ilene
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background HIV persists as a public health emergency in South Africa, especially among women of childbearing age. In response to the HIV epidemic, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS has put forth the 90–90-90 global goals to achieve an AIDS-free generation by 2020. This goal aspires to have 90% of people living with HIV diagnosed; 90% of those who test positive on sustained antiretroviral therapy (ART); and 90% of those on ART be virally suppressed. Ensuring access to ART is an important first step in reducing HIV incidence, especially among vulnerable populations such as women who use substances and bear the burden of HIV in South Africa. Additionally, alcohol and other drug (AOD) use and exposure to gender-based violence are associated with increased risk of HIV infection and reduced adherence to ART. However, no research has estimated ART adherence rates for women who use substances in South Africa since the government approved the provision of ART to all people living with HIV. Methods The Women’s Health CoOp (WHC) is an evidence-based, woman-focused, behavioral intervention that addresses the intersecting risks of AODs, sex behaviors, and violence and victimization, with the primary goal of increasing skills and knowledge to reduce substance abuse and HIV risks and to improve ART adherence. The WHC has been packaged for further dissemination. This article describes the study protocol used to assess the feasibility and acceptability of implementing the WHC intervention into standard of care in Cape Town health clinics and substance abuse rehabilitation centers to reduce HIV risk behavior and increase ART adherence among women who use substances and are living with HIV. Discussion Because few of the interventions that demonstrate efficacy for HIV prevention and ART adherence in randomized trials are sustainable, studies to adapt and test intervention variations are needed to determine the best strategies for implementing them in real-world, high-risk settings. However, implementation in real-world settings presents challenges. Consequently, intervention developers should consider the strengths and limitations of their anticipated implementation setting by engaging with key stakeholders before, during, and after the adaptation and implementation process when developing and attempting to scale-up interventions. Trial registration NCT 02733003 and date approved 1/21/2016.
Scuola sul territorio: la testa nelle nuvole e i piedi ben piantati per terra
Creators: name: Bardini, Angelo
name: Bertuzzi, Romina
Publisher: name: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete
Year: 2013

description: L’Istituto Comprensivo di Cadeo e Pontenure, in provincia di Piacenza, porta avanti un’idea di scuola quale comunità inclusiva che costruisce, in accordo e in stretta collaborazione con le agenzie del territorio, progetti di sperimentazione didattica attraverso una riorganizzazione degli spazi e dei tempi di apprendimento e sfruttando le potenzialità offerte dalle nuove tecnologie (LIM, ipad). Ambienti rinnovati, spazi aperti, tempo scuola lungo, nuove metodologie didattiche: il tutto per dare ad ogni singolo alunno la possibilità di imparare in modo personale e soggettivo, proponendo a tal fine momenti di cooperazione e di individualizzazione, di attività laboratoriali e di tutoraggio. Una Scuola2.0 per affrontare in modo diverso e nuovo l’arte di insegnare, con l’attenzione sempre puntata sul soggetto in apprendimento che si muove in una realtà sociale in mutamento costante.
description: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2013): Evidence Based Education: tecnologie per l'apprendimento
Conservative dynamics of two-body systems at the fourth post-Newtonian approximation of general relativity
Creators: name: Damour, Thibault
name: Jaranowski, Piotr
name: Schäfer, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fourth post-Newtonian (4PN) two-body dynamics has been recently tackled by several different approaches: effective field theory, Arnowitt-Deser-Misner Hamiltonian, action-angle-Delaunay averaging, effective-one-body, gravitational self-force, first law of dynamics, and Fokker action. We review the achievements of these approaches and discuss the complementarity of their results. Our main conclusions are: (i) the results of the first complete derivation of the 4PN dynamics [T.Damour, P.Jaranowski, and G.Schäfer, Phys. Rev. D 89, 064058 (2014)] have been, piecewise, fully confirmed by several subsequent works; (ii) the results of the Delaunay-averaging technique [T.Damour, P.Jaranowski, and G.Schäfer, Phys. Rev. D 91, 084024 (2015)] have been confirmed by several independent works; and (iii) several claims in a recent Fokker-action computation [L.Bernard et al., arXiv:1512.02876v2 [gr-qc]] are incorrect, but can be corrected by the addition of a couple of ambiguity parameters linked to subtleties in the regularization of infrared and ultraviolet divergences.
description: Additional discussion of Fokker-type actions in Appendix A; new references added; identical to published version; 20 pages
Roundtable with High Representative of the Coalition for the Sahel, Dr. Dijme Adoum at Science Summit at UNGA76
Creators: name: Cicek, Harun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Sahel
science
climate change
policy

description: "The real Southern Frontier of Europe," as EU Special Representative for the Sahel Emanuela del Re describes the region, is central to the transit of goods and people between the continents. The Sahel is home to some of the world's least developed and youngest nations with 50% of its inhabitants less than 15 years of age.

 Often cited as the region with significant concurrent development challenges, countries in the region often experience fragile governance (Mali, Chad and Sudan each have transitional governments) which results in limited delivery of public services from education and healthcare, to peace and security. “The Sahel is a microcosm of cascading global risks converging in one region," U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has said.

 Climate change adds a new dimension to challenges in the Sahel, sending semi-nomadic livestock herding and farming practices to the brink and forcing communities to overuse the resources of their land. COVID-19 has further exacerbated these vulnerabilities, adding pressure to the economic and health challenges, while pushing an additional six million people into extreme poverty.

 Since 2014, the countries of Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger and Chad have joined forces under the "G5 Sahel" umbrella, and the Sahel Coalition was launched in 2020 to coordinate regional responses to the intersecting security and development challenges, which combine to make the Sahel a unique opportunity to achieve significant progress on the Sustainable Development Goals.

 This session explored: Policy responses by individual member states and regional bodies Opportunities for increased international support and funding priorities Roadmaps toward stronger, more ambitious partnerships with the Sahel Priority areas of cooperation, research and development partnerships Climate change and its impact on security in the sub-region Short and medium-term economic growth and job creation opportunities Boosting regional economic integration through innovative financing mechanisms
description: https://unga76sciencesummit.sched.com/event/m0A9/ref-sh23-roundtable-with-the-high-representative-of-the-coalition-for-the-sahel-dr-djime-adoum-high-representative-coalition-for-the-sahel
Contributions of Agricultural Policies to General Economic Growth
Creators: name: Waugh, Frederick V.
name: Cavin, James P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1955
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpt: One of the areas needing clarification is that of agricultural policy. To some "agricultural fundamentalists" farm policy is the key to general economic policy. At the other extreme, we sometimes hear it said that agricultural policy has little to contribute to sustained economic progress. We disagree with both of these extreme views. We believe that agricultural policy can contribute (and has contributed) significantly to general economic growth. Our purpose today is not to exaggerate the importance of farm policy. We doubtless need a well-rounded set of policies for national economic growth. The agricultural policies are only one part of the whole, but we think they are by no means an unimportant part.
description: Paper read before the American Farm Economics Association, East Lansing, Michigan, August 1, 1955.
All-optical measurement of Rydberg state lifetimes
Creators: name: Mack, Markus
name: Grimmel, Jens
name: Karlewski, Florian
name: Sárkány, Lőrinc
name: Hattermann, Helge
name: Fortágh, József
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed an all-optical method for measuring the lifetimes of $n S$ and $n D$ Rydberg states and demonstrate its capabilities with measurements on a dilute cloud of ultracold ${}^{87}$Rb atoms in a cryogenic environment. The method is based on the time-resolved observation of resonant light absorption by ground state atoms and selective transfer of Rydberg atoms into the ground state at varying delay times in order to reconstruct Rydberg decay curves. Our measurements of the ${}^{87}$Rb $30S_{1/2}$ state indicate an increase of the lifetime at lowered environment temperatures, as expected due to decreased black body radiation. For the $38D_{5/2}$ state with an attractive dipole-dipole interaction, ionization and lifetime reduction due to collisional effects are observed.
Strategie didattiche inclusive: le nuove tecnologie nell’ICF-CY
Creators: name: Chiaro, Marina
Publisher: name: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete
Year: 2013

description: Questa nota illustra i presupposti teorici e la metodologia definita per il progetto di ricerca relativo alla Scuola Dottorale in Pedagogia e Servizio Sociale dell’Università di Roma Tre. La ricerca riguarda la possibilità di valutare quanto la formazione di insegnanti in servizio erogata con modalità blended, ovvero con parziale utilizzo delle nuove tecnologie, su tematiche relative ai Disturbi Specifici di Apprendimento (DSA), possa facilitare la progettazione di strategie didattiche inclusive. Il tema di ricerca ha come quadro concettuale di riferimento il modello dell’International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth (ICF-CY) con il capitolo “Prodotti e Tecnologie” inserito nella componente “Fattori Ambientali” della classificazione. L’aspetto della formazione degli insegnanti è stato affrontato riflettendo anche sulla possibilità di costituire e favorire la costituzione delle Comunità di Pratica (CdP).
description: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2013): Evidence Based Education: tecnologie per l'apprendimento
A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy vs. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction in Adults with Social Anxiety Disorder
Creators: name: Moodie, Craig
name: goldin, philippe
name: Gross, James
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Acceptance
subject: Affective Neuroscience
subject: BOLD
subject: CBT
subject: Clinical
subject: Clinical Intervention
subject: Cognitive Reappraisal
subject: Decentering
subject: Emotion Regulation
subject: fMRI
subject: MBSR
subject: Neuroscience
subject: RCT
subject: SAD
subject: Social Anxiety

description: While several previous studies have investigated the individual effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction in social anxiety disorder (SAD), and have compared their efficacy in other clinical conditions, this is the first direct comparison of these two treatments for SAD. This preregistration contains a description of the project and a detailed analysis plan pertaining to the fMRI and in-scanner behavioral data.
Learning optimal quantum models is NP-hard
Creators: name: Stark, Cyril
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physical modeling closes the gap between perception in terms of measurements and abstraction in terms of theoretical models. Physical modeling is a major objective in physics and is generally regarded as a creative process. How good are computers at solving this task? This question is both of philosophical and practical interest because a positive answer would allow an artificial intelligence to understand the physical world. Quantum mechanics is the most fundamental physical theory and there is a deep belief that nature follows the rules of quantum mechanics. Hence, we raise the question whether computers are able to learn optimal quantum models from measured data. Here we show that in the absence of physical heuristics, the inference of optimal quantum models cannot be computed efficiently (unless P = NP). This result illuminates rigorous limits to the extent to which computers can be used to further our understanding of nature.
BIOLOGICAL AND PHOTO-PHYSIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PHYTOPLANKTON FUNCTIONAL TYPES; A FIVE YEAR STUDY IN THE WESTERN ENGLISH CHANNEL
Creators: name: FISHWICK, JAMES RICHARD
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2008

description: Sampling at the western English Channel observatory dates back approximately 100 years, with a more complete sampling programme since 1988. The data set in this study was collected over a five year period between 2001 and 2005. The variables measured allow for a more complete understanding of the ecosystem, this is the only study to have reported the photo-physiology measurements over such time scales. The western English Channel is situated in a boundary zone between the oceanic waters of the Northern Atlantic and the coastal waters of the English Channel. This study has provided substantial evidence that the phytoplankton functional type (PFT) succession is governed by the environmental drivers (irradiance, surface water temperature and nutrient availability) and as the environmental conditions vary each year so does the phytoplankton seasonal succession. The relationships between the phytoplankton pigment assemblage, with particular interest to the ratios of chlorophyll a, photo-synthetic and photo-protective carotenoids to total pigment concentration, are investigated. The chlorophyll a to Total pigment ratio (Chla/TP) is reported to increase in conditions conducive for growth and decrease when conditions are less favourable, this is related to both PFTs synthesising Chla preferentially in periods of growth and a shift in the community structure. The photo-physiology of the PFT community indicated relatively high values of Fv/Fm throughout the whole time series, adding further evidence of community shifts where PFTs adapted to the particular conditions. The σpsII was shown to be one of the mechanisms by which PFTs adapt to the environmental conditions. σpsII is high in low light regimes and is reduced when irradiance levels are high. The optical absorption by phytoplankton is shown to correlate with the pigment ratio (Chla/TP) and to a lesser extent σpsII. No consistent correlations between the Fv/Fm and the optical absorption could be identified.
Open content: OER, OEP. Quali scenari per l’educazione?
Creators: name: Bruni, Filippo
Publisher: name: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete
Year: 2014

description: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete, Vol. 14 No. 1 (2014): Open content: OER, OEP. Quali scenari per l’educazione?
Dichotomous noise models of gene switches
Creators: name: Potoyan, Davit A.
name: Wolynes, Peter G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Molecular noise in gene regulatory networks has two intrinsic components, one part being due to fluctuations caused by the birth and death of protein or mRNA molecules which are often present in small numbers and the other part arising from gene state switching, a single molecule event. Stochastic dynamics of gene regulatory circuits appears to be largely responsible for bifurcations into a set of multi-attractor states that encode different cell phenotypes. The interplay of dichotomous single molecule gene noise with the nonlinear architecture of genetic networks generates rich and complex phenomena. In this paper we elaborate on an approximate framework that leads to simple hybrid multi-scale schemes well suited for the quantitative exploration of the steady state properties of large-scale cellular genetic circuits.Through a path sum based analysis of trajectory statistics we elucidate the connection of these hybrid schemes to the underlying master equation and provide a rigorous justification for using dichotomous noise based models to study genetic networks. Numerical simulations of circuit models reveal that the contribution of the genetic noise of single molecule origin to the total noise is significant for a wide range of kinetic regimes.
Optimizing huddle engagement through leadership and problem-solving within primary care: A study protocol for a cluster randomized trial
Creators: name: Branda, Megan E
name: Tumerman, Marc D
name: Staats, Bradley R
name: Rushlow, David R
name: Chandrasekaran, Aravind
name: Lampman, Michelle A
name: Shah, Nilay D
name: Lewis, Theresa M
name: Ward, Peter
name: Olson, Diane K
name: Giblon, Rachel
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract
                Background
                Team-based care has been identified as a key component in transforming primary care. An important factor in implementing team-based care is the requirement for teams to have daily huddles. During huddles, the care team, comprising physicians, nurses, and administrative staff, come together to discuss their daily schedules, track problems, and develop countermeasures to fix these problems. However, the impact of these huddles on staff burnout over time and patient outcomes are not clear. Further, there are challenges to implementing huddles in fast-paced primary care clinics. We will test whether the impact of a behavioral intervention of leadership training and problem-solving during the daily huddling process will result in higher consistent huddling in the intervention arm and result in higher team morale, reduced burnout, and improved patient outcomes.
                Methods/design
                We will conduct a care-team-level cluster randomized trial within primary care practices in two Midwestern states. The intervention will comprise a 1-day training retreat for leaders of primary care teams, biweekly sessions between huddle optimization coaches and members of the primary care teams, as well as coaching site visits at 30 and 100 days post intervention. This behavioral intervention will be compared to standard care, in which care teams have huddles without any support or training. Surveys of primary care team members will be administered at baseline (prior to training), 100 days (for the intervention arm only), and 180 days to assess team dynamics. The primary outcome of this trial will be team morale. Secondary outcomes will assess the impact of this intervention on clinician burnout, patient satisfaction, and quality of care.
                Discussion
                This trial will provide evidence on the impact of a behavioral intervention to implement huddles as a key component of team-based care models. Knowledge gained from this trial will be critical to broader deployment and successful implementation of team-based care models.
                Trial registration
                    Clinicaltrials.gov
                  ,
                    NCT03062670
                  . Registered on 23 February 2017.
Momentum Fractionation on Superstrata
Creators: name: Bena, Iosif
name: Martinec, Emil
name: Turton, David
name: Warner, Nicholas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superstrata are bound states in string theory that carry D1, D5, and momentum charges, and whose supergravity descriptions are parameterized by arbitrary functions of (at least) two variables. In the D1-D5 CFT, typical three-charge states reside in high-degree twisted sectors, and their momentum charge is carried by modes that individually have fractional momentum. Understanding this momentum fractionation holographically is crucial for understanding typical black-hole microstates in this system. We use solution-generating techniques to add momentum to a multi-wound supertube and thereby construct the first examples of asymptotically-flat superstrata. The resulting supergravity solutions are horizonless and smooth up to well-understood orbifold singularities. Upon taking the AdS3 decoupling limit, our solutions are dual to CFT states with momentum fractionation. We give a precise proposal for these dual CFT states. Our construction establishes the very nontrivial fact that large classes of CFT states with momentum fractionation can be realized in the bulk as smooth horizonless supergravity solutions.
description: 68 pages, v3: minor clarifications, typos corrected
Open education e modelli di apprendimento flessibile
Creators: name: Menichetti, Laura
Publisher: name: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete
Year: 2014

description: La “cultura open” sta cambiando profondamente il settore della formazione in tutto il mondo, nei suoi aspetti formali e non-formali. Il presente contributo mette a fuoco le diverse declinazioni e costruzioni di “open” che nel tempo sono maturate e si interroga sull’impatto che alcuni recenti sviluppi stanno avendo sul sistema universitario.
description: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete, Vol. 14 No. 1 (2014): Open content: OER, OEP. Quali scenari per l’educazione?
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and the Helium Isotope Ratio
Creators: name: Cooke, Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conventional approach to search for departures from the standard model of physics during Big Bang Nucleosynthesis involves a careful, and subtle measurement of the mass fraction of baryons consisting of helium. Recent measurements of this quantity tentatively support new physics beyond the standard model but, historically, this method has suffered from hidden systematic uncertainties. In this letter, I show that a combined measurement of the primordial deuterium abundance and the primordial helium isotope ratio has the potential to provide a complementary and reliable probe of new physics beyond the standard model. Using the recent determination of the primordial deuterium abundance and assuming that the measured pre-solar 3He/4He meteoritic abundance reflects the primordial value, a bound can be placed on the effective number of neutrino species, Neff(BBN) = 3.01 (+0.95 -0.76, with 95 per cent confidence). Although this value of Neff supports the standard model, it is presently unclear if the pre-solar 3He/4He ratio reflects the primordial value. New astrophysical measurements of the helium isotope ratio in near-pristine environments, together with updated calculations and experimental values of several important nuclear reactions (some of which are already being attempted), will lead to much improved limits on possible departures from the standard model. To this end, I describe an analysis strategy to measure the 3He I flux emitted from nearby low metallicity H II regions. The proposed technique can be attempted with the next generation of large telescopes, and will be easier to realize in metal-poor H II regions with quiescent kinematics.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Theoretical basis for quantum simulation with a planar ionic crystal in a Penning trap using a triangular rotating wall
Creators: name: Khan, A.
name: Yoshimura, B.
name: Freericks, J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the challenges with quantum simulation in ion traps is that the effective spin-spin exchange couplings are not uniform across the lattice. This can be particularly important in Penning trap realizations where the presence of an ellipsoidal boundary at the edge of the trap leads to dislocations in the crystal. By adding an additional anharmonic potential to better control interion spacing, and a triangular shaped rotating wall potential to reduce the appearance of dislocations, one can achieve better uniformity of the ionic positions. In this work, we calculate the axial phonon frequencies and the spin-spin interactions driven by a spin-dependent optical dipole force, and discuss what effects the more uniform ion spacing has on the spin simulation properties of Penning trap quantum simulators. Indeed, we find the spin-spin interactions behave more like a power law for a wide range of parameters.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, typeset in RevTex