title: ÐÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ³Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð½Ð° Ð°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ°Ð³Ð¾Ð² in vitro
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Investigation of the effect of perfluorinated compounds on macrophage activity in vitro
Creators: name: ÐÐµÐ²Ð·Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð², ÐÐ²Ð°Ð½
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2022
Subjects: ÐÐ¸Ð¾ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ
Ð¿ÐµÑÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ³Ð»ÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð´Ñ
Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²ÐºÐ° Ð»ÐµÐºÐ°ÑÑÑÐ²
Ð²Ð·Ð°Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ¹ÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ðµ Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ ÐºÐ»ÐµÑÐºÐ¸
Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ
Ð¼Ð°ÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ°Ð³Ð¸
perfluorocarbons
drug delivery
cell-nanoparticles interactions
opsonisation
macrophages

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description: Employment of nanocarriers for drug delivery is one of the most attractive approaches to improve their bioavailability, targeting and therapeutic index. The nanocarriers help to mediate transportation to the tumour, to protect therapeutic cargo from degradation, and to regulate drug release. However, the efficacy of such carriers is hindered by their fast clearance from the bloodstream due to the activity of complement system and resident macrophages. The half-life of the particles might be enhanced by several approaches such as camouflaging of the particles with polymers, mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) cytoblockade, and depletion of macrophage activity. Here we show the amalgamation of the two latter approaches via attenuation of the tissue-resident macrophages activity by perfluorocarbons. Macrophages are one of the key elements of the immune system, which neutralize most of the nanosized objects in the bloodstream. This activity is mediated via recognition of the opsonin molecular patterns. The inactivation of such objects happens within the first minutes after they get into the bloodstream. It is one of the most ancient defense systems against viruses, bacteria and other alien objects. However, this system may also hinder the delivery of the therapeutic compounds of supramolecular nature such as liposomes. Its short-time inactivation would then be beneficial for development of the nanoparticle-based drug delivery. Perfluorocarbons are organic compounds with hydrogen substituted by fluorine. These compounds have gained a certain degree of attention as potential agents for liquid breathe and as blood substitutes. The mixture of several perfluorocarbons has been registered as the blood substitute in Russia, Mexico, and Cuba under the trade name PerftoranÂ®. Here we proposed that this drug due to its nanoemulsion nature would modulate the MPS activity via depleting the macrophage activity towards nanoparticles. We employed two M0 macrophage cell lines (differentiated THP-1 and RAW246) to evaluate the effects of PerftoranÂ® on particle endocytosis. Additionally, we studied the toxicity of the compound in different settings. The obtained in vitro results encouraged us to investigate the possible effects of the compounds in vivo. Here we show the low toxicity of PerftoranÂ®, depletion of macrophage activity against the nanoparticles, and finally its effect of the circulation time of nanoparticles in bloodstream.