cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Can X(3915) be the tensor partner of the X(3872)?
Creators: name: Baru, V.
name: Hanhart, C.
name: Nefediev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been proposed recently (Phys. Rev. Lett. 115 (2015), 022001) that the charmoniumlike state named X(3915) and suggested to be a $0^{++}$ scalar, is just the helicity-0 realisation of the $2^{++}$ tensor state $χ_{c2}(3930)$. This scenario would call for a helicity-0 dominance, which were at odds with the properties of a conventional tensor charmonium, but might be compatible with some exotic structure of the $χ_{c2}(3930)$. In this paper, we investigate, if such a scenario is compatible with the assumption that the $χ_{c2}(3930)$ is a $D^*\bar D^*$ molecular state - a spin partner of the $X(3872)$ treated as a shallow bound state. We demonstrate that for a tensor molecule the helicity-0 component vanishes for vanishing binding energy and accordingly for a shallow bound state a helicity-2 dominance would be natural. However, for the $χ_{c2}(3930)$, residing about 100 MeV below the $D^*\bar D^*$ threshold, there is no a priori reason for a helicity-2 dominance and thus the proposal formulated in the above mentioned reference might indeed point at a molecular structure of the tensor state. Nevertheless, we find that the experimental data currently available favour a dominant contribution of the helicity-2 amplitude also in this scenario, if spin symmetry arguments are employed to relate properties of the molecular state to those of the X(3872). We also discuss what research is necessary to further constrain the analysis.
description: LaTeX2e, 23 pages, 2 figures, version to appear in JHEP
Correlation effects and hidden spin-orbit entangled electronic order in parent and electron-doped iridates Sr$_2$IrO$_4$
Creators: name: Zhou, Sen
name: Jiang, Kun
name: Chen, Hua
name: Wang, Ziqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analogs of the high-T$_c$ cuprates have been long sought after in transition metal oxides. Due to the strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC), the $5d$ perovskite iridates Sr$_2$IrO$_4$ exhibit a low-energy electronic structure remarkably similar to the cuprates. Whether a superconducting state exists as in the cuprates requires understanding the correlated spin-orbit entangled electronic states. Recent experiments discovered hidden order in the parent and electron doped iridates, some with striking analogies to the cuprates, including Fermi surface pockets, Fermi arcs, and pseudogap. Here, we study the correlation and disorder effects in a five-orbital model derived from the band theory. We find that the experimental observations are consistent with a $d$-wave spin-orbit density wave order that breaks the symmetry of a joint two-fold spin-orbital rotation followed by a lattice translation. There is a Berry phase and a plaquette spin flux due to spin procession as electrons hop between Ir atoms, akin to the intersite SOC in quantum spin Hall insulators. The associated staggered circulating $J_\text{eff}=1/2$ spin current can be probed by advanced techniques of spin-current detection in spintronics. This electronic order can emerge spontaneously from the intersite Coulomb interactions between the spatially extended iridium $5d$ orbitals, turning the metallic state into an electron doped quasi-2D Dirac semimetal with important implications on the possible superconducting state suggested by recent experiments.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures + supplementary material (4 pages with 3 figures), published version
The Future of 3D Animation: Trends and Predictions
Creators: name: Kumar, Sumit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 360502
subject: Computer gaming and animation

description: This paper explores the latest trends and future predictions in 3D animation, highlighting key technological advancements such as real-time rendering, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, cloud computing, and the integration of virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR). It discusses the impact of these technologies on the animation industry and forecasts how they will shape the future of 3D animation, including new applications in areas like cultural heritage visualization and personalized content. The paper concludes with insights on the potential for innovation and expansion within the field.
Beyond dimensional analysis: Higgs and new Higgs inflations {\it do not} violate unitarity
Creators: name: Escrivà, Albert
name: Germani, Cristiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Naïve dimensional analysis seems to suggest possible unitarity violations in the framework of the Higgs and new Higgs inflationary scenarios. These violations seem to happen around the value in which the potential energy, per given Higgs boson's vacuum expectation value, crosses the perturbative cut-off scale calculated around the electroweak vacuum. Conversely to these expectations, in this paper we show that, by using an exact analysis of the background dependent cut-off scale, and by including the contribution of the phase-space volume in the perturbative scattering amplitudes, no violation of (perturbative) unitarity might ever happen during the whole Universe evolution.
description: v2: comment of cascades of large number of diagrams added. Clarification of why previous literature did not prove unitarity of the scalar sector. Comments on unitarity of the gauge sectors added and miscellaneous of clarifications. Accepted in PRD
Numerical Methods for the Inverse Problem of Density Functional Theory
Creators: name: Jensen, Daniel
name: Wasserman, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.1.8

description: The inverse problem of Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT) is often solved in an effort to benchmark and design approximate exchange-correlation potentials. The forward and inverse problems of DFT rely on the same equations but the numerical methods for solving each problem are substantially different. We examine both problems in this tutorial with a special emphasis on the algorithms and error analysis needed for solving the inverse problem. Two inversion methods based on partial differential equation constrained optimization and constrained variational ideas are introduced. We compare and contrast several different inversion methods applied to one-dimensional finite and periodic model systems.
description: 62 pages, 22 figures
Topological Origin of Equatorial Waves
Creators: name: Delplace, Pierre
name: Marston, J. B.
name: Venaille, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topology sheds new light on the emergence of unidirectional edge waves in a variety of physical systems, from condensed matter to artificial lattices. Waves observed in geophysical flows are also robust to perturbations, which suggests a role for topology. We show a topological origin for two celebrated equatorially trapped waves known as Kelvin and Yanai modes, due to the Earth's rotation that breaks time-reversal symmetry. The non-trivial structure of the bulk Poincaré wave modes encoded through the first Chern number of value $2$ guarantees existence for these waves. This invariant demonstrates that ocean and atmospheric waves share fundamental properties with topological insulators, and that topology plays an unexpected role in the Earth climate system.
Open quantum random walks on the half-line: the Karlin-McGregor formula, path counting and Foster's Theorem
Creators: name: Jacq, Thomas S.
name: Lardizabal, Carlos F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work we consider open quantum random walks on the non-negative integers. By considering orthogonal matrix polynomials we are able to describe transition probability expressions for classes of walks via a matrix version of the Karlin-McGregor formula. We focus on absorbing boundary conditions and, for simpler classes of examples, we consider path counting and the corresponding combinatorial tools. A non-commutative version of the gambler's ruin is studied by obtaining the probability of reaching a certain fortune and the mean time to reach a fortune or ruin in terms of generating functions. In the case of the Hadamard coin, a counting technique for boundary restricted paths in a lattice is also presented. We discuss an open quantum version of Foster's Theorem for the expected return time together with applications.
description: Revised version, includes a general version of the gambler's ruin problem and other applications to Foster's Theorem
Generalized model for the diffusion of solvents in glassy polymers: From Fickian to super Case II
Creators: name: Miao, Jiayuan
name: Tsige, Mesfin
name: Taylor, Philip L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diffusion of small solvent molecules in glassy polymers may take on a variety of different forms. Fickian, anomalous, Case II, and super Case II diffusion have all been observed, and theoretical models exist that describe each specific type of behavior. Here we present a single generalized kinetic model capable of yielding all these different types of diffusion on the basis of just two parameters. The principal determinant of the type of diffusion is observed to be a dimensionless parameter, $γ$, that describes the influence of solvent-induced swelling in lowering the potential barriers separating available solvent sites. A second parameter, $η$, which characterizes the effect of the solvent in reducing the potential energy of a solvent molecule when at rest at an available site, only influences the type of diffusion to a lesser extent. The theoretical analysis does not include any effects that are explicitly non-local in time, an example of which is the inclusion of polymer viscosity in the Thomas-Windle model; it thus represents a variant of Fick's second law utilizing a concentration-dependent diffusivity when $η$ is small. To check the significance of time-delayed swelling, a simulation was performed of a modified model that contained a history-dependent term. The results were found to be very similar to those in the time-local model.
description: 15 pages, 17 figures
title: Paleoclimate Controls on Borehole Geophysics Signals in Lacustrine Deposits of Lake Chalco, Central Mexico
Creators: name: Sardar Abadi, Mehrdad
name: Zeeden, Christian
name: Ulfers, Arne
name: Wonik, Thomas
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Understanding the moisture history of low latitudes from the most recent glacial period of the latest Pleistocene to post-glacial warmth in continental tropical regions is hampered by the lack of continuous time series. We conducted downhole spectral gamma ray and magnetic susceptibility logs over 300 m of lacustrine deposits of Lake Chalco (Mexico City) to reconstruct an age-depth model using an astronomical and correlative approach, and to reconstruct long-term moisture availability. Our results suggest that the Lake Chalco sediments contain several rhythmic alterations with a quasi-cyclic pattern comparable to the Pleistocene benthic stack. This allows us to calculate a time span of about 500,000 years for this sediment deposition. We have developed three proxies for moisture, detrital input, and salinity, all based on the physical aspects of gamma ray spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility. Our results indicate that Lake Chalco formed during Marine Isotope Stage 13 (MIS13) and the lake level gradually increased over time until the interglacial of MIS9. Moisture content is generally higher during interglacials than during glacials. However, two periods, namely MIS6 and MIS4, have higher moisture contents. We developed a model by comparing the obtained moisture proxy with climatic drivers, to understand how different climate systems drove effective moisture availability in the Chalco sub-basin over the past 500,000 years. Carbon dioxide, eccentricity, and precession are all key drivers of the moisture content of Lake Chalco over the past 500,000 years.
Renormalization Scheme Dependence and the Renormalization Group Beta Function
Creators: name: Chishtie, F. A.
name: McKeon, D. G. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The renormalization that relates a coupling "a" associated with a distinct renormalization group beta function in a given theory is considered. Dimensional regularization and mass independent renormalization schemes are used in this discussion. It is shown how the renormalization $a^*=a+x_2a^2$ is related to a change in the mass scale $μ$ that is induced by renormalization. It is argued that the infrared fixed point is to be a determined in a renormalization scheme in which the series expansion for a physical quantity $R$ terminates.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure, minor typos fixed and additional comments made; accepted at Physical Review D
Uncover Compressed Supersymmetry via Boosted Bosons from the Heavier Stop/Sbottom
Creators: name: Kang, Zhaofeng
name: Li, Jinmian
name: Zhang, Mengchao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A light stop around the weak scale is a hopeful messenger of natural supersymmetry (SUSY), but it has not shown up at the current stage of LHC. Such a situation raises the question of the fate of natural SUSY. Actually, a relatively light stop can easily be hidden in a compressed spectra such as mild mass degeneracy between stop and neutralino plus top quark. Searching for such a stop at the LHC is a challenge. On the other hand, in terms of the argument of natural SUSY, other members in the stop sector, including a heavier stop $\tilde{t}_2$ and lighter sbottom $\tilde{b}_1$ (both assumed to be left-handed-like), are also supposed to be relatively light and therefore searching for them would provide an alternative method to probe natural SUSY with a compressed spectrum. In this paper we consider quasi-natural SUSY which tolerates relatively heavy colored partners near the TeV scale, with a moderately large mass gap between the heavier members and the lightest stop. Then $W/Z/h$ as companions of $\tilde{t}_2$ and $\tilde{b}_1$ decaying into $\tilde{t}_1$ generically are well boosted, and they, along with other visible particles from $\tilde{t}_1$ decay, are a good probe to study compressed SUSY. We find that the resulting search strategy with boosted bosons can have better sensitivity than those utilizing multi-leptons.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, to appear in EPJC
Sharp weighted estimates involving one supremum
Creators: name: Li, Kangwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note, we study the sharp weighted estimate involving one supremum. In particular, we give a positive answer to an open question raised by Lerner and Moen \cite{LM}. We also extend the result to rough homogeneous singular integral operators.
description: 5 pages, typos corrected. Accepted for publication in C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I
SARAH: A Novel Method for Machine Learning Problems Using Stochastic Recursive Gradient
Creators: name: Nguyen, Lam M.
name: Liu, Jie
name: Scheinberg, Katya
name: Takáč, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we propose a StochAstic Recursive grAdient algoritHm (SARAH), as well as its practical variant SARAH+, as a novel approach to the finite-sum minimization problems. Different from the vanilla SGD and other modern stochastic methods such as SVRG, S2GD, SAG and SAGA, SARAH admits a simple recursive framework for updating stochastic gradient estimates; when comparing to SAG/SAGA, SARAH does not require a storage of past gradients. The linear convergence rate of SARAH is proven under strong convexity assumption. We also prove a linear convergence rate (in the strongly convex case) for an inner loop of SARAH, the property that SVRG does not possess. Numerical experiments demonstrate the efficiency of our algorithm.
The Gravitational Sector of 2d (0,2) F-theory Vacua
Creators: name: Lawrie, Craig
name: Schafer-Nameki, Sakura
name: Weigand, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: F-theory compactifications on Calabi-Yau fivefolds give rise to two-dimensional N=(0,2) supersymmetric field theories coupled to gravity. We explore the dilaton supergravity defined by the moduli sector of such compactifications. The massless moduli spectrum is found by uplifting Type IIB compactifications on Calabi-Yau fourfolds. This spectrum matches expectations from duality with M-theory on the same elliptic fibration. The latter defines an N=2 Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics related to the 2d (0,2) F-theory supergravity via circle reduction. Using our recent results on the gravitational anomalies of duality twisted D3-branes wrapping curves in Calabi-Yau fivefolds we show that the F-theory spectrum is anomaly free. We match the classical Chern-Simons terms of the M-theory Super Quantum Mechanics to one-loop contributions to the effective action by S^1 reduction of the dual F-theory.
description: 19 pages, v2: JHEP version
HashtagCounts.docx
Creators: name: Jones, Corinne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470102
subject: Communication technology and digital media studies

description: Table 1: Frequency of relevant associated hashtags in 207 “top” Instagram posts using #JusticeForJohnnyDepp on June 1-4, 2022. “/” distinguishes between similar hashtags.
Benchmarks for Double Higgs Production in the Singlet Extended Standard Model at the LHC
Creators: name: Lewis, Ian M.
name: Sullivan, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The simplest extension of the Standard Model is to add a gauge singlet scalar, $S$: the singlet extended Standard Model. In the absence of a $Z_2$ symmetry $S\rightarrow -S$ and if the new scalar is sufficiently heavy, this model can lead to resonant double Higgs production, significantly increasing the production rate over the Standard Model prediction. While searches for this signal are being performed, it is important to have benchmark points and models with which to compare the experimental results. In this paper we determine these benchmarks by maximizing the double Higgs production rate at the LHC in the singlet extended Standard Model. We find that, within current constraints, the branching ratio of the new scalar into two Standard Model-like Higgs bosons can be upwards of $0.76$, and the double Higgs rate can be increased upwards of 30 times the Standard Model prediction.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. References added, minor revisions. Version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Positioning of the lead and location of the implantable pulse generator pocket for spinal cord stimulator may impact the likelihood of subsequent surgical revisions
Creators: name: Kronquist, Elise
name: Palan, Mihir
name: Kim, Samuel
name: Tan, Hao
name: Raslan, Ahmed
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Failed Back Surgery Syndrome
subject: Spinal Cord Stimulation
subject: Back Pain
subject: Reoperation
subject: Surgical revision

description: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) represents a potential treatment for patients with refractory back pain. However, SCS is not without limitations. While characteristics and predictors of SCS implantation success are well described, the fate of patients who require revision surgery after initial implantation remains poorly understood. We sought to characterize the fate of SCS patients that require surgical revision and identify pertinent patient features that may indicate greater likelihood of revision success.
ОСНОВНЫЕ ПОХОДЫ И ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ К ТЕРМИНУ «КОНЦЕПТ»
Creators: name: Нематова, Мафтуна
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: В статье описываются подходы к определению концепта, существующие в современной лингвистике, и проводится сопоставительный анализ взглядов современных лингвистов на проблему понятия, сущности и свойства концепта. Среди многочисленных интерпретаций данного термина можно выделить следующие общие характеристики: - концепт является единицей ментального уровня; - воплощает элементы человеческой психики и внеязыковой реальности; - отражает картину мира того или иного этноса и может объективироваться в языке.
The structure of pentaquarks $Ω_c^0$ in the chiral quark model
Creators: name: Yang, Gang
name: Ping, Jialun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the experimental results of LHCb Collaboration suggested the existence of five new excited states of $Ω_c^0$, $Ω_c(3000)^0$, $Ω_c(3050)^0$, $Ω_c(3066)^0$, $Ω_c(3090)^0$ and $Ω_c(3119)^0$, the quantum numbers of these new particles are not determined now. To understand the nature of the states, a dynamical calculation of 5-quark systems with quantum numbers $IJ^P=0(\frac{1}{2})^-$, $0(\frac{3}{2})^-$ and $0(\frac{5}{2})^-$ is performed in the framework of chiral quark model with the help of gaussian expansion method. The results show the $Ξ-\bar{D}$, $Ξ_c\bar{K}$ and $Ξ_c^*\bar{K}$ are possible the candidates of these new particles. The distances between quark pairs suggest that the nature of pentaquark states.
description: 8 pages, 11 tables
Search for boosted Higgs bosons decaying to b-quarks at sqrt{s}=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: Follega, Francesco Maria
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2020

description: A search for the Higgs boson produced with large transverse momentum and decaying as H -> bb is presented, using the 80 fb^{-1} from the dataset collected by the ATLAS detector at sqrt{s}=13 TeV. The Higgs boson is reconstructed as a large-R jet with two b-tagged variable radius track-jets. The work focuses on a peculiar event topology in which the Higgs is produced in association with another Large-R jet. Considering events with reconstructed pT above 480 GeV and with a reconstructed mass from 70-230 GeV, a signal significance of 1.6 sigma for the Higgs and of 5 sigma for the V (Z boson + W boson) is observed. Furthermore, the new Full Run2 analysis is presented, using 136 fb^{-1} from the dataset collected by the ATLAS detector at sqrt{s}=13 TeV. The strategy up to the computation of the expected sensitivity for the Higgs boson is presented in this thesis. The validation of the background modeling is described in details, including tests on data. A preliminary extraction of the Z boson signal is performed and the measured signal strength corresponds to muZ = 0.82 +/- 0.09.
Vertical Bifacial Solar Farms: Physics, Design, and Global Optimization
Creators: name: Khan, M. Ryyan
name: Hanna, Amir
name: Sun, Xingshu
name: Alam, Muhammad A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There have been sustained interest in bifacial solar cell technology since 1980s, with prospects of 30-50% increase in the output power from a stand-alone single panel. Moreover, a vertical bifacial panel reduces dust accumulation and provides two output peaks during the day, with the second peak aligned to the peak electricity demand. Recent commercialization and anticipated growth of bifacial panel market have encouraged a closer scrutiny of the integrated power-output and economic viability of bifacial solar farms, where mutual shading will erode some of the anticipated energy gain associated with an isolated, single panel. Towards that goal, in this paper we focus on geography-specific optimizations of ground mounted vertical bifacial solar farms for the entire world. For local irradiance, we combine the measured meteorological data with the clear-sky model. In addition, we consider the detailed effects of direct, diffuse, and albedo light. We assume the panel is configured into sub-strings with bypass-diodes. Based on calculated light collection and panel output, we analyze the optimum farm design for maximum yearly output at any given location in the world. Our results predict that, regardless of the geographical location, a vertical bifacial farm will yield 10-20% more energy than a traditional monofacial farm for a practical row-spacing of 2m (1.2m high panels). With the prospect of additional 5-20% energy gain from reduced soiling and tilt optimization, bifacial solar farm do offer a viable technology option for large-scale solar energy generation.
description: main-paper: 11 pages, 9 figures Supporting document: 5 pages, 4 figures
Three-dimensional Simulations of AGN Jets: Magnetic Kink Instability versus Conical Shocks
Creators: name: Duran, Rodolfo Barniol
name: Tchekhovskoy, Alexander
name: Giannios, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei (AGN) convert as much as half of their energy into radiation. To explore the poorly understood processes that are responsible for this conversion, we carry out fully 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of relativistic magnetized jets. Unlike the standard approach of injecting the jets at large radii, our simulated jets self-consistently form at the source and propagate and accelerate outward for several orders of magnitude in distance before they interact with the ambient medium. We find that this interaction can trigger strong energy dissipation of two kinds inside the jets, depending on the properties of the ambient medium. Those jets that form in a new outburst and drill a fresh hole through the ambient medium fall victim to a 3D magnetic kink instability and dissipate their energy primarily through magnetic reconnection in the current sheets formed by the instability. On the other hand, those jets that form during repeated cycles of AGN activity and escape through a pre-existing hole in the ambient medium maintain their stability and dissipate their energy primarily at MHD recollimation shocks. In both cases the dissipation region can be associated with a change in the density profile of the ambient gas. The Bondi radius in AGN jets serves as such a location.
description: 23 pages, 20 figures; expanded Sec. 3.2 and Discussion section, MNRAS accepted
WaterGAN: Unsupervised Generative Network to Enable Real-time Color Correction of Monocular Underwater Images
Creators: name: Li, Jie
name: Skinner, Katherine A.
name: Eustice, Ryan M.
name: Johnson-Roberson, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper reports on WaterGAN, a generative adversarial network (GAN) for generating realistic underwater images from in-air image and depth pairings in an unsupervised pipeline used for color correction of monocular underwater images. Cameras onboard autonomous and remotely operated vehicles can capture high resolution images to map the seafloor, however, underwater image formation is subject to the complex process of light propagation through the water column. The raw images retrieved are characteristically different than images taken in air due to effects such as absorption and scattering, which cause attenuation of light at different rates for different wavelengths. While this physical process is well described theoretically, the model depends on many parameters intrinsic to the water column as well as the objects in the scene. These factors make recovery of these parameters difficult without simplifying assumptions or field calibration, hence, restoration of underwater images is a non-trivial problem. Deep learning has demonstrated great success in modeling complex nonlinear systems but requires a large amount of training data, which is difficult to compile in deep sea environments. Using WaterGAN, we generate a large training dataset of paired imagery, both raw underwater and true color in-air, as well as depth data. This data serves as input to a novel end-to-end network for color correction of monocular underwater images. Due to the depth-dependent water column effects inherent to underwater environments, we show that our end-to-end network implicitly learns a coarse depth estimate of the underwater scene from monocular underwater images. Our proposed pipeline is validated with testing on real data collected from both a pure water tank and from underwater surveys in field testing. Source code is made publicly available with sample datasets and pretrained models.
description: 8 pages, 16 figures, published by RA-letter 2018. Source code available at: https://github.com/kskin/WaterGAN
From 4d Ambitwistor Strings to On Shell Diagrams and Back
Creators: name: Farrow, Joseph A.
name: Lipstein, Arthur E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the relation between 4d ambitwistor string theory and on-shell diagrams for planar N=4 super-Yang-Mills and N=8 supergravity, and deduce several new results about their scattering amplitudes at tree-level and 1-loop. In particular, we derive new Grassmannian integral formulae for tree-level amplitudes and obtain new worldsheet formulae for 1-loop amplitudes which are manifestly supersymmetric and supported on scattering equations refined by MHV degree.
description: v3. minor changes, published in JHEP
Phase ordering dynamics of reconstituting particles
Creators: name: Albarracín, F. A. Gómez
name: Rosales, H. D.
name: Grynberg, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the large-time dynamics of one-dimensional processes involving adsorption and desorption of extended hard-core particles (dimers, trimers,\,$\cdots,k$-mers), while interacting through their constituent monomers. Desorption can occur whether or not these latter adsorbed together, which leads to reconstitution of $k$-mers and the appearance of sectors of motion with nonlocal conservation laws for $k \ge 3$. Dynamic exponents of the sector including the empty chain are evaluated by finite-size scaling analyses of the relaxation times embodied in the spectral gaps of evolution operators. For attractive interactions it is found that in the low-temperature limit such time scales converge to those of the Glauber dynamics, thus suggesting a diffusive universality class for $k \ge 2$. This is also tested by simulated quenches down to $T=0$ where a common scaling function emerges. By contrast, under repulsive interactions the low-temperature dynamics is characterized by metastable states which decay subdiffusively to a highly degenerate and partially jammed phase.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, brief additions. To appear in Phys. Rev. E
Nonlinear interglitch dynamics, the braking index of the Vela pulsar and the time to the next glitch
Creators: name: Akbal, Onur
name: Alpar, M. Ali
name: Buchner, Sarah
name: Pines, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inter-glitch timing of the Vela pulsar is characterized by a constant second derivative of the rotation rate. This takes over after the post-glitch exponential relaxation, and is completed at about the time of the next glitch. The vortex creep model explains the second derivatives in terms of non-linear response to the glitch. We present inter-glitch timing fits to the present sample covering 16 large glitches, taking into account the possibility that in some glitches part of the step in spin-down rate may involve a "persistent shift", as observed in the Crab pulsar. Modifying the expression for the time between glitches with this hypothesis leads to better agreement with the observed inter-glitch time intervals. We extrapolate the inter-glitch model fits to obtain spin-down rates just prior to each glitch, and use these to calculate the braking index n = 2.81 +/- 0.12. The next glitch should occur around Dec. 22, 2017 +/- 197 days if no persistent shift is involved, but could occur as early as July 27, 2016 +/- 152 days if the 2013 glitch gave rise to a typical Vela persistent shift. Note added: Literally while we were submitting the first version of this paper, on Dec. 12, 2016, we saw ATel # 9847 announcing a Vela pulsar glitch which has arrived 138 days after our prediction with a persistent shift, within the 1 sigma uncertainty of 152 days.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, Accepted by MNRAS
Naturally Combined Shape-Color Moment Invariants under Affine Transformations
Creators: name: Gong, Ming
name: Hao, You
name: Mo, Hanlin
name: Li, Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We proposed a kind of naturally combined shape-color affine moment invariants (SCAMI), which consider both shape and color affine transformations simultaneously in one single system. In the real scene, color and shape deformations always exist in images simultaneously. Simple shape invariants or color invariants can not be qualified for this situation. The conventional method is just to make a simple linear combination of the two factors. Meanwhile, the manual selection of weights is a complex issue. Our construction method is based on the multiple integration framework. The integral kernel is assigned as the continued product of the shape and color invariant cores. It is the first time to directly derive an invariant to dual affine transformations of shape and color. The manual selection of weights is no longer necessary, and both the shape and color transformations are extended to affine transformation group. With the various of invariant cores, a set of lower-order invariants are constructed and the completeness and independence are discussed detailedly. A set of SCAMIs, which called SCAMI24, are recommended, and the effectiveness and robustness have been evaluated on both synthetic and real datasets.
Single Image Super-Resolution based on Wiener Filter in Similarity Domain
Creators: name: Cruz, Cristóvão
name: Mehta, Rakesh
name: Katkovnik, Vladimir
name: Egiazarian, Karen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Single image super resolution (SISR) is an ill-posed problem aiming at estimating a plausible high resolution (HR) image from a single low resolution (LR) image. Current state-of-the-art SISR methods are patch-based. They use either external data or internal self-similarity to learn a prior for a HR image. External data based methods utilize large number of patches from the training data, while self-similarity based approaches leverage one or more similar patches from the input image. In this paper we propose a self-similarity based approach that is able to use large groups of similar patches extracted from the input image to solve the SISR problem. We introduce a novel prior leading to collaborative filtering of patch groups in 1D similarity domain and couple it with an iterative back-projection framework. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated on a number of SISR benchmark datasets. Without using any external data, the proposed approach outperforms the current non-CNN based methods on the tested datasets for various scaling factors. On certain datasets, the gain is over 1 dB, when compared to the recent method A+. For high sampling rate (x4) the proposed method performs similarly to very recent state-of-the-art deep convolutional network based approaches.
description: Paper accepted for publication on IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
The Effects of Omitting Acreage Questions and Modifying the Operation Description Section in Cattle Surveys
Creators: name: Nealon, Jack
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: replicates
subject: average significance level
subject: univariate and multivariate analyses of variance

description: This report summarizes the impact of omitting acreage questions and modifying the operation description section in cattle surveys. Results indicated that acreage questions can probably be omitted without significantly affecting the survey estimates and that the test version of the operation description section can probably be used.
description: The following eight states were involved in this study: Colorado, Georgia, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, South Dakota and Wyoming. In each state, the list sample was systematically divided into two groups. One group received the operational questionnaire, and the other group received the alternate or test questionnaire.
Supercurrent Vortex Pinball via a Triplet Cooper Pair Inverse Edelstein Effect
Creators: name: Amundsen, Morten
name: Linder, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Josephson effect through a thin spin-orbit coupled layer in the presence of an exchange field, and discover a set of supercurrent vortices appearing in the system which can be controllably moved around in the system by varying either the direction of the exchange field, its strength, or the spin-orbit coupling magnitude via a gate voltage. We refer to this phenomenon as a supercurrent vortex pinball effect and show that its origin is the spin polarization of the triplet Cooper pairs induced in the system. The supercurrent vortices thus arise from what resembles a Cooper pair-induced inverse Edelstein effect. Our results highlight the importance of considering higher-dimensional models for superconducting hybrid structures which unveils novel phenomena that are hidden in commonly used effective 1D models.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Grazing envelope evolution toward Type IIb supernovae
Creators: name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I propose a scenario where the majority of the progenitors of type IIb supernovae (SNe IIb) lose most of their hydrogen-rich envelope during a grazing envelope evolution (GEE). In the GEE the orbital radius of the binary system is about equal to the radius of the giant star, and the more compact companion accretes mass through an accretion disk. The accretion disk is assumed to launch two opposite jets that efficiently remove gas from the envelope along the orbit of the companion. The efficient envelope removal by jets prevents the binary system from entering a common envelope evolution, at least for part of the time. The GEE might be continuous or intermittent. I crudely estimate the total GEE time period to be in the range of about hundreds of years, for a continuous GEE, and up to few tens of thousands of years for intermittent GEE. The key new point is that the removal of envelope gas by jets during the GEE prevents the system from entering a common envelope evolution, and by that substantially increases the volume of the stellar binary parameter space that leads to SNe IIb, both to lower secondary masses and to closer orbital separations.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
D6.20: Report on Short Term Missions 2022 (Y5)
Creators: name: Poirier, Aurore C.
name: Horton, Daniel L
name: Van Der Poel, Wim
name: La Ragione, Roberto M
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Short-term missions
Research

description: Short Term Missions (STMs) are small co-funded travel grants which facilitate the exchange of scientific expertise, methodologies, equipment, and facilities to our consortium members. The aim of these missions is to harmonise the existing approaches and methodologies within the One Health EJP (OHEJP).
 These STMs drive research forward in a collaborative and non-duplicative fashion to strengthen the scientific capacity within the OHEJP, and to also contribute to the future prevention, preparedness, detection, and response of the EU to foodborne and other emerging threats across human-animal-environmental sectors.
 The OHEJP is able to co-fund up to ten STMs each year (each funded 44% by the EU). The Education and Training activities team from Work Package 6 (WP6) are responsible for co-ordinating the call, selection of applicants for funding and reporting on the short term missions funded each year.
Computing quopit Clifford circuit amplitudes by the sum-over-paths technique
Creators: name: Koh, Dax Enshan
name: Penney, Mark D.
name: Spekkens, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By the Gottesman-Knill Theorem, the outcome probabilities of Clifford circuits can be computed efficiently. We present an alternative proof of this result for quopit Clifford circuits (i.e., Clifford circuits on collections of $p$-level systems, where $p$ is an odd prime) using Feynman's sum-over-paths technique, which allows the amplitudes of arbitrary quantum circuits to be expressed in terms of a weighted sum over computational paths. For a general quantum circuit, the sum over paths contains an exponential number of terms, and no efficient classical algorithm is known that can compute the sum. For quopit Clifford circuits, however, we show that the sum over paths takes a special form: it can be expressed as a product of Weil sums with quadratic polynomials, which can be computed efficiently. This provides a method for computing the outcome probabilities and amplitudes of such circuits efficiently, and is an application of the circuit-polynomial correspondence which relates quantum circuits to low-degree polynomials.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
D6.15: Report on outputs of the short-term missions
Creators: name: Poirier, Aurore C.
name: Horton, Daniel L.
name: Van Der Poel, Wim
name: La Ragione, Roberto M
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Short-term mission
Research
Knowledge exchange

description: The One Health EJP (OHEJP) Short Term Missions (STMs) were small co-funded travel grants which facilitated the exchange of scientific expertise, methodologies, equipment, and facilities to our consortium members. The aim of these missions was to harmonise the existing approaches and methodologies within the OHEJP.
 These STMs drove research forward in a collaborative and non-duplicative fashion to strengthen the scientific capacity within the OHEJP, and to also contribute to the future prevention, preparedness, detection, and response of the EU to foodborne and other emerging threats across human-animal-environmental sectors.
 The OHEJP co-funded a total of 19 STMs (each funded 44% by the EU), which involved 22 researchers and a total of 27 institutes within the OHEJP consortium. The Education and Training activities team from Work Package 6 (WP6) was responsible for co-ordinating the calls, selection of applicants for funding and reporting on the short term missions funded each year.
title: Extreme As partitioning into pyrite during hydrothermal siderite replacement in As poor fluids
Creators: name: Dunkel, Frederik Jonas
name: Kutzschbach, Martin
name: Kusebauch, Christof
name: Schiperski, Ferry
name: Börner, Frederik
name: Keith, Manuel
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Pyrite is among the most abundant sulphide minerals in the Earth’s crust and an important sink for As and valuable elements like Au and Te (1, 2). Hence, arsenian pyrite is of potential economic interest, but also an environmental hazard if As is released to ground- and surface waters. Knowing the limits and mechanisms of As incorporation in pyrite is therefore required to better understand the formation of high-grade ore deposits and to assess the contribution of As to contamination sites.It is suggested that As either substitutes for S or Fe in the bulk crystal or forms localized high-As domains within the pyrite lattice. In various studies, partition coefficients (DAs) were determined that range from DAs= 300 – 1600, with DAs being the ratio of the As concentration in pyrite relative to the corresponding fluid (3). However, previous studies focused on As-rich fluids (1 – 200 ppm), whereas the partitioning behaviour in low-As fluids (<1 ppm) has not been studied to date.We synthesized pyrite under Carlin-style, hydrothermal conditions (200°C, pH 5) by replacing siderite in H2S-rich fluids containing As concentrations between 1 ppb and 10 ppm. Quantitative fluid analysis and high-resolution LA-ICP-MS mappings indicate an order of magnitude stronger partitioning of arsenic from As-poor fluids (1 ppb, DAs= 15000), leading to unexpectedly high enrichment of As in pyrite. This observation suggests a highly efficient mechanism of As fixation into pyrite from As-poor fluids at moderate temperature conditions.

References:[1] Börner et al.(2021). DOI:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2021.104314.[2] Kusebauch et al.(2019). DOI:10.1126/sciadv.aav5891.[3] Kusebauch et al.(2018). DOI:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.09.027.