cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supercritical series expansion for the contact process in heterogeneous and disordered environments
Creators: name: Neugebauer, C. J.
name: Taraskin, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The supercritical series expansion of the survival probability for the one-dimensional contact process in heterogeneous and disordered lattices is used for the evaluation of the loci of critical points and critical exponents $β$. The heterogeneity and disorder are modeled by considering binary regular and irregular lattices of nodes characterized by different recovery rates and identical transmission rates. Two analytical approaches based on Nested Padé approximants and Partial Differential approximants were used in the case of expansions with respect to two variables (two recovery rates) for the evaluation of the critical values and critical exponents. The critical exponents in heterogeneous systems are very close to those for the homogeneous contact process thus confirming that the contact process in periodic heterogeneous environment belongs to the directed percolation universality class. The disordered systems, in contrast, seem to have continuously varying critical exponents.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
Polyphase deformation and metamorphism in the western Cariboo Mountains near Ogden Park, British Columbia
Creators: name: Lewis, Peter D.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The boundary between the Omineca Belt and the Intermontane Belt in Central British Columbia represents the suture between autochthonous North America (Barkerville Terrane) and several allochthonous terranes accreted from the west In the Quesnel Lake region allochthonous sedimentary and volcanic rocks of Quesnellia Terrane, accreted in the Jurassic, are in sharp tectonic contact with underlying siliclastic and carbonate metasedimentary rocks. The Ogden Peak study area is located 10 km east of and structurally below this suture zone and is thus well situated for observing deformational styles within the autochthonous package. Rocks exposed near Ogden Peak comprise the Hadrynian(?) to Paleozoic(?) Snowshoe Group and local diabasic intrusions. These rocks record a deformational history involving four phases of folding (D₁-D₄) and later brittle faulting (D₅). Earliest recognizable structures consist of recumbant isoclinal folds with a well-developed transposed foliation. This foliation is tightly folded about northwest trending, southwest verging second phase structures. Northwest trending third phase structures and northeast trending fourth phase structures occur as both crenulations and open buckles. Southeast dipping faults cut all earlier structures with tens of meters of normal offset Phase 1 and Phase 2 fold styles are compatible with a flattened buckle fold mechanism of formation, associated with elevated temperatures and reduced viscosity contrasts across layering. Later fold styles are controlled by higher viscosity contrasts and detachment along layering. All phases of deformation are dominated by semi-brittle mechanisms of dislocation slip and glide, mechanical twinning, and microcracking. Temperature activated diffusional creep is only locally active and does not contribute appreciably to total strain. The mineral assemblage garnet-staurolite-kyanite defines a metamorphic peak late in D₂. Metamorphic temperatures of approximately 530° C at 6.0 kb have been determined using garnet/biotite geothermometry. Extensive retrograde metamorphism spans D₃ and D₄, overprinting prograde assemblages and providing evidence for abundant fluids late in deformation. Late phase 1 diabase dykes locally intruded an area to the southeast of Ogden Peak. Major and trace element analyses of samples from these intrusions suggest a calc-alkaline, volcanic arc affinity.
Single-photon quantum hardware: towards scalable photonic quantum technology with a quantum advantage
Creators: name: Uppu, Ravitej
name: Midolo, Leonardo
name: Zhou, Xiaoyan
name: Carolan, Jacques
name: Lodahl, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scaling up of quantum hardware is the fundamental challenge ahead in order to realize the disruptive potential of quantum technology in information science. Among the plethora of hardware platforms, photonics stands out by offering a modular approach, where the main challenge is to construct sufficiently high-quality building blocks and develop methods to efficiently interface them. Importantly, the subsequent scaling-up will make full use of the mature integrated photonic technology provided by photonic foundry infrastructure to produce small foot-print quantum processors of immense complexity. A fully coherent and deterministic photon-emitter interface is a key enabler of quantum photonics, and can today be realized with solid-state quantum emitters with specifications reaching the quantitative benchmark referred to as Quantum Advantage. This light-matter interaction primer realizes a range of quantum photonic resources and functionalities, including on-demand single-photon and multi-photon entanglement sources, and photon-photon nonlinear quantum gates. We will present the current state-of-the-art in single-photon quantum hardware and the main photonic building blocks required in order to scale up. Furthermore, we will point out specific promising applications of the hardware building blocks within quantum communication and photonic quantum computing, laying out the road ahead for quantum photonics applications that could offer a genuine quantum advantage.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Variational multiparticle-multihole configuration mixing method applied to pairing correlations in nuclei
Creators: name: Pillet, N.
name: Berger, J. -F.
name: Caurier, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying a variational multiparticle-multihole configuration mixing method whose purpose is to include correlations beyond the mean field in a unified way without particle number and Pauli principle violations, we investigate pairing-like correlations in the ground states of $ ^{116}$Sn,$ ^{106}$Sn and $ ^{100}$Sn. The same effective nucleon-nucleon interaction namely, the D1S parameterization of the Gogny force is used to derive both the mean field and correlation components of nuclear wave functions. Calculations are performed using an axially symetric representation. The structure of correlated wave functions, their convergence with respect to the number of particle-hole excitations and the influence of correlations on single-particle level spectra and occupation probabilities are analyzed and compared with results obtained with the same two-body effective interaction from BCS, Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov and particle number projected after variation BCS approaches. Calculations of nuclear radii and the first theoretical excited $0^+$ states are compared with experimental data.
description: 25 pages 21 figures. accepted for publication in Physical Review C
Confirming the Detection of an Intergalactic X-ray Absorber Toward PKS 2155-304
Creators: name: Fang, Taotao
name: Canizares, Claude R.
name: Yao, Yangsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new observations on PKS 2155-304 with the Chandra Low Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer (LETG), using the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS). We confirm the detection of an absorption line plausibly identified as OVIII Ly-alpha from the warm-hot intergalactic medium associated with a small group of galaxies along the line of sight, as originally reported by Fang et al. 2002 (here after FANG02). Combining the previous observations in FANG02 and five new, long observations on the same target, we increase the total exposure time by a factor of three, and the total counts per resolution element by a factor of five. The measured line equivalent width is smaller than that observed in FANG02, but still consistent at 90% confidence. We also analyze the XMM-Newton observations on the same target, as well as observations using the Chandra LETG and the High Resolution Camera (HRC) combination. These observations have been used to challenge our reported detection. While no line is seen in either the XMM-Newton and the Chandra LETG+HRC data, we find that our result is consistent with the upper limits from both data sets. We attribute the non-detection to (1) higher quality of the Chandra LETG+ACIS spectrum, and (2) the rather extended wings of the line spread functions of both the XMM RGS and the Chandra LETG+HRC. We discuss the implication of our observation on the temperature and density of the absorber. We also confirm the detection of z ~ 0 OVII absorption and, comparing with previous Chandra analysis, we obtain much tighter constraints on the line properties.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Multifunctional pH sensitive 3D scaffolds for treatment and prevention of bone infection
Creators: name: M, Cicuendez
name: JC, Doadrio
name: A, Hernandez
name: MT, Portoles
name: I, Izquierdo-Barba
name: M, Vallet-Regi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Multifunctional-therapeutic 3D scaffolds have been prepared. These biomaterials are able to destroy the S. aureus bacteria biofilm and to allow bone regeneration at the same time. The present study is focused on the design of pH sensitive 3D hierarchical meso-macroporous scaffolds based on MGHA nanocomposite formed by a mesostructured glassy network with embedded hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, whose mesopores have been loaded with levofloxacin as antibacterial agent. These 3D platforms exhibit controlled and pH-dependent levofloxacin release, sustained over time at physiological pH (7.4) and notably increased at infection pH (6.7 and 5.5), which is due to the different interaction rate between diverse levofloxacin species and the silica matrix. These 3D systems are able to inhibit the S. aureus growth and to destroy the bacterial biofilm without cytotoxic effects on human osteoblasts and allowing an adequate colonization and differentiation of preosteoblastic cells on their surface. These findings suggest promising applications of these hierarchical MGHA nanocomposite scaffolds for the treatment and prevention of bone infection.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures
Self-powered Filterless On-chip Full-Stokes Polarimeter
Creators: name: Fang, Chen
name: Li, Junze
name: Zhou, Boxuan
name: Li, Dehui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of polarization states of light is essential in photonic and optoelectronic devices. Currently, the polarimeters are usually constructed with the help of waveplates or a comprehensive metasurface, which will inevitably increase the fabrication complexity and unnecessary energy loss. Here, we have successfully demonstrated a self-powered filterless on-chip full-Stokes polarimeter based on a single-layer MoS2/few-layer MoS2 homojunction. Combining the built-in electric field enhanced circular photogalvanic effect with the intrinsic optical anisotropy of MoS2 between in-plane and out-of-plane direction, the device is able to conveniently sense four Stokes parameters of incident light at zero bias without requiring an extra filtering layer, and can function in the wavelength range of 650-690 nm with acceptable average errors. Besides, this homojunction device is easy to integrate with silicon-based chips and could have much smaller sizes than metasurface based polarimeters. Our study thus provides an excellent paradigm for high-performance on-chip filterless polarimeters.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
The impact of the scope of technological search on path dependence in export specialisation: Evidence for European countries
Creators: name: Reinstaller, Andreas
name: Reschenhofer, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: trade diversification, path dependency, knowledge creation, knowledge diffusion, product space

description: This paper examines how product relatedness and the breadth of technological search affect the path-dependent development of export specialisations across countries documented in prior research. The results of the econometric analysis in this paper show that broader technological search in an industry has a positive impact on the development of comparative advantages in the product lines it exports. The interplay between product relatedness and the scope of technological search has a two-edged character. On the one hand, broader technological search supports adjustments and consolidations of the export baskets on the extensive margin. This contributes to weaken path-dependency. On the other hand, it fosters the competitiveness of productsthatarerelatedtocurrentexportspecialisations,andthereby promotes path-dependency on the intensive margin of trade. These results differ across countries with different levels of technological capabilities.

description: The authors acknowledge funding from the European Commission under specific contract No ENT-SME-14-F-S107-SI2-
698839 in framework contract ENTR/300/PP/2013/FC-WIFO, and the support by the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under grant agreement No. 822781- GROWINPRO.
A FEASIBILITY STUDY: IMPLEMENTATION OF A SAFETY ASSESSMENT TOOL TO ASSIST CLINICIANS IN COMMU
Creators: name: Shaby, Betty B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Patients with neurological disorders often have safety risks, which may make it difficult to function safely at home. Currently, there are limited standardized, personcentered, multi-risk assessment tools used to help identify safety risks among patients with neurological disorders. The purpose of this feasibility study was to identify safety risks in patients with various neurological disorders through the implementation of a 9-question safety assessment tool created by the author of this study and a team of neurologists. Tool usage should facilitate communication among patients, nurses, and providers, enabling engagement of appropriate resources to mitigate risks. The sample consisted of patients with various neurologic disorders seen in a general hospital’s neurology clinic in the San Fernando Valley. Following IRB approval from the medical institution, patients completed the safety assessment questionnaire in clinic prior to being seen by their provider. Neurologists, residents, and a nurse practitioner reviewed the form prior to meeting with the patient. Identified risks were discussed privately with the patient during the clinic visit and noted as discussed on the safety assessment questionnaire. Complete data were collected during 86% (670) of 779 patient encounters (M = 85%, SD = 15%). At least one risk factor was documented in almost half (49%) of patient encounters. When a risk factor was identified, this was almost always addressed by clinicians (93% of the time). iv An evidence-based checklist identifying common risk factors directs both clinicians and patients to focus on reducing and mitigating risk factors and promotes patient safety by centering discussion on modifiable risks and direct treatment. Implementation of a safety assessment tool opens patient-centered discussions and modifies patients’ and clinicians’ behavior, which may positively impact patient outcomes.
Are collisions with neutral hydrogen important for modelling the Second Solar Spectrum of Ti I and Ca II ?
Creators: name: Derouich, M.
name: Bueno, J. Trujillo
name: Sainz, R. Manso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physical interpretation of scattering line polarization offers a novel diagnostic window for exploring the thermal and magnetic structure of the quiet regions of the solar atmosphere. Here we evaluate the impact of isotropic collisions with neutral hydrogen atoms on the scattering polarization signals of the 13 lines of multiplet 42 of Ti I and on those of the K line and of the IR triplet of Ca II, with emphasis on the collisional transfer rates between nearby J-levels. To this end, we calculate the linear polarization produced by scattering processes considering realistic multilevel models and solving the statistical equilibrium equations for the multipolar components of the atomic density matrix. We confirm that the lower levels of the 13 lines of multiplet 42 of Ti I are completely depolarized by elastic collisions. We find that upper-level collisional depolarization turns out to have an unnoticeable impact on the emergent linear polarization amplitudes, except for the ${λ4536$ line for which it is possible to notice a rather small depolarization caused by the collisional transfer rates. Concerning the Ca II lines, we show that the collisional rates play no role on the polarization of the upper level of the K line, while they have a rather small depolarizing effect on the atomic polarization of the metastable lower levels of the Ca II IR triplet.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
The structure of a tetrameric septin complex reveals a hydrophobic element essential for NC-interface integrity
Creators: name: Grupp, Benjamin
name: Denkhaus, Lukas
name: Gerhardt, Stefan
name: Vögele, Matthis
name: Johnsson, Nils
name: Gronemeyer, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cytoskeleton
subject: Proteins
subject: X-ray crystallography
subject: DDC 570 / Life sciences

description: The septins of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae assemble into hetero-octameric rods by alternating interactions between neighboring G-domains or N- and C-termini, respectively. These rods polymerize end to end into apolar filaments, forming a ring beneath the prospective new bud that expands during the cell cycle into an hourglass structure. The hourglass finally splits during cytokinesis into a double ring. Understanding these transitions as well as the plasticity of the higher order assemblies requires a detailed knowledge of the underlying structures. Here we present the first X-ray crystal structure of a tetrameric Shs1-Cdc12-Cdc3-Cdc10 complex at a resolution of 3.2 Å. Close inspection of the NC-interfaces of this and other septin structures reveals a conserved contact motif that is essential for NC-interface integrity of yeast and human septins in vivo and in vitro. Using the tetrameric structure in combination with AlphaFold-Multimer allowed us to propose a model of the octameric septin rod.
JT Gravity Limit of Liouville CFT and Matrix Model
Creators: name: Suzuki, Kenta
name: Takayanagi, Tadashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study a connection between Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity on two-dimensional anti de-Sitter spaces and a semiclassical limit of $c<1$ two-dimensional string theory. The world-sheet theory of the latter consists of a space-like Liouville CFT coupled to a non-rational CFT defined by a time-like Liouville CFT. We show that their actions, disk partition functions and annulus amplitudes perfectly agree with each other, where the presence of boundary terms plays a crucial role. We also reproduce the boundary Schwarzian theory from the Liouville theory description. Then, we identify a matrix model dual of our two-dimensional string theory with a specific time-dependent background in $c=1$ matrix quantum mechanics. Finally, we also explain the corresponding relation for the two-dimensional de-Sitter JT gravity.
description: 33 pages, 3 figures; v2 minor modifications + references added
Nonparametric estimation of the characteristic triplet of a discretely observed Lévy process
Creators: name: Gugushvili, Shota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a discrete time sample $X_1,... X_n$ from a Lévy process $X=(X_t)_{t\geq 0}$ of a finite jump activity, we study the problem of nonparametric estimation of the characteristic triplet $(γ,σ^2,ρ)$ corresponding to the process $X.$ Based on Fourier inversion and kernel smoothing, we propose estimators of $γ,σ^2$ and $ρ$ and study their asymptotic behaviour. The obtained results include derivation of upper bounds on the mean square error of the estimators of $γ$ and $σ^2$ and an upper bound on the mean integrated square error of an estimator of $ρ.$
description: 29 pages
Cross-Platform Simulation Architecture with application to truck platooning impact assessment
Creators: name: Ladino, Andres
name: Xiao, Lin
name: Adjenugwhure, Kingsley
name: Deschle, Nicolás
name: Klunder, Gerdien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Simulation-based traffic impact assessment studies of advanced technologies such as truck platooning need to be carried out to ascertain their benefits for traffic efficiency, safety and environment. To reduce uncertainty in the results of such simulation-based studies, the same simulation studies can be performed in different simulation software. Many traffic simulation software packages (Aimsun, SymuVia, Vissim, SUMO) are currently available for traffic impact assessment of new technologies such as truckplatooning. However, to fully model and simulate the functionalities of such advanced technologies in different simulation environments, several extensions need to be made to the simulation platforms. In most cases, these extensions have to be programmed in different programming languages (C++, Python) and each simulator has its own simulator specific API. This makes it difficult to reuse software written for a specific functionality in one simulation platform in a different simulation platform. To overcome this issue, this paper presents a novel architecture for cross-platform simulation. The architecture is designed such that a specific functionality such as truck-platooning or any other functionality is made platform independent. We designed a cross-platform architecture for simulating a truck-platooning functionality using Vissim and SymuVia simulation software to determine the traffic flow effects of multi-brand truck platooning in the context of the EU project ENSEMBLE. In this draft paper, we present the structure of the framework as well as some preliminary results from a simple simulation performed with the cross-platform simulator.
Polarized Structure of Nucleon in the Valon Representation
Creators: name: Arash, Firooz
name: Taghavi-Shahri, Fatemeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have utilized the concept of valon model to calculate the spin structure functions of proton, neutron and deuteron. The valon structure itself is universal and arises from the perturbative dressing of the valence quark in QCD. Our results agree rather well with all the relevant experimental data on $g_{1}^{p, n, d}$ and $g_{A}/g_{v}$, and suggests that the sea quark contribution to the spin of proton is consistent with zero. It also reveals that while the total quark contribution to the spin of valon is almost constant at $Q^{2}>=1$ the gluon contribution grows with the increase of $Q^2$ and hence requiring a sizable negative orbital angular momentum component $L_z$. This component along with the singlet and non-singlet parts are calculated in the Next-to-Leading order in QCD. We speculate that gluon contribution to the spin content of the proton is about 60% for all $Q^2$ values. Finally, we show that the size of gluon polarization and hence, $L_{z}$, is sensitive to the initial scale$Q_{0}^{2}$.
description: 24 pages, 9 Figures
Effects of a 14-day social media abstinence on mental health and well-being: results from an experimental study
Creators: name: De Hesselle, Lea Carolin
name: Montag, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Social media
subject: Abstinence
subject: Body image
subject: FoMO
subject: PSU
subject: Loneliness
subject: DDC 150 / Psychology
subject: DDC 570 / Life sciences

description: Background and aim The study investigated the effects of a 14-day social media abstinence on various mental health factors using an experimental design with follow-up assessment. Hypotheses included positive associations between problematic smartphone use (PSU) and depression, anxiety, fear of missing out (FoMO), and screentime. Decreases in screentime, PSU, depression and anxiety, and increases in body image were assumed for the abstinence group. Additionally, daily changes in FoMO and loneliness were explored. Methods Participants completed different questionnaires assessing PSU, FoMO, depression and anxiety, loneliness and body image and were randomized into control and social media abstinence groups. Daily questionnaires over 14 days assessed FoMO, loneliness, screentime, and depression and anxiety. 14 days after the abstinence, a follow-up questionnaire was administered. Multilevel models were used to assess changes over time. Results PSU was positively associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety and FoMO, but not with screentime. Spline models identified decreased screentime and body image dissatisfaction for the intervention group. Depression and anxiety symptoms, PSU, trait and state FoMO, and loneliness, showed a decrease during the overall intervention time but no difference between the investigated groups could be observed (hence this was an overall trend). For appearance evaluation and body area satisfaction, an increase in both groups was seen. Daily changes in both loneliness and FoMO were best modelled using cubic trends, but no group differences were significant. Discussion Results provide insights into effects of not using social media for 14 days and show that screentime and body image dissatisfaction decrease. The study also suggests areas for future studies to better understand how and why interventions show better results for some individuals.
Directional emission from WS2 monolayer coupled to plasmonic Nanowire-on-Mirror Cavity
Creators: name: Chaubey, Shailendra K.
name: A., Gokul M.
name: Paul, Diptabrata
name: Tiwari, Sunny
name: Rahman, Atikur
name: Kumar, G. V. Pavan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Influencing spectral and directional features of exciton emission characteristics from 2D transition metal dichalcogenides by coupling it to plasmonic nano-cavities has emerged as an important prospect in nanophotonics of 2D materials. In this paper we experimentally study the directional photoluminescence emission from Tungsten disulfide (WS2) monolayer sandwiched between a single-crystalline plasmonic silver nanowire (AgNW) waveguide and a gold (Au) mirror, thus forming an AgNW-WS2-Au cavity. By employing polarization-resolved Fourier plane optical microscopy, we quantify the directional emission characteristics from the distal end of the AgNW-WS2-Au cavity. Given that our geometry simultaneously facilitates local field enhancement and waveguiding capability, we envisage its utility in 2D material-based, on-chip nanophotonic signal processing, including nonlinear and quantum optical regimes.
description: To appear in Advanced Photonics Research (2021)
Particulate matter and source identification: A case study of Nigeria
Creators: name: Abulude, F.O.
name: Fagbayide, S.D.
name: Akinnusotu, A.
name: Elisha, J.J.
name: Makinde, O.E.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Air pollution
PM
Receptor model
Health effect
Stakeholders
Mitigations
World

description: Engineering and Applied Science Research, 46, 2, 151-169
Quantum Correlation Without Classical Correlations
Creators: name: Kaszlikowski, Dagomir
name: De, Aditi Sen
name: Sen, Ujjwal
name: Vedral, Vlatko
name: Winter, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that genuine multiparty quantum correlations can exist on its own, without a supporting background of genuine multiparty classical correlations, even in macroscopic systems. Such possibilities can have important implications in the physics of quantum information and phase transitions.
description: 4 pages, no figures; v2: presentation improved, results unchanged, published version
MOESM7 of Hemodynamic effects of extended prone position sessions in ARDS
Creators: name: Ruste, Martin
name: Bitker, Laurent
name: Yonis, Hodane
name: Riad, Zakaria
name: Louf-Durier, Aurore
name: Lissonde, Floriane
name: Perinel-Ragey, Sophie
name: Guerin, Claude
name: Richard, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 7. Change in cardiac index and global end-diastolic volume between T1 and T3 and between T3 and T4.
Performance study of large-area glass resistive plate chambers with different spacer configurations
Creators: name: Mao, L.
name: Lagarde, F.
name: Guo, J.
name: Wang, X.
name: Li, J.
name: Shen, Q.
name: Zhu, J.
name: Yang, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimization of spacer and gas distribution inside glass resistive plate chamber (RPC) is reported. Simulation studies demonstrate improvements on the gas flow velocity homogeneity and lower vorticity inside the gas chamber. The optimized spacer configuration (76 spacers) decreases the number of spacers by $24\%$ compared to the original design (100 spacers), thus helps significantly reduce the non-active or low-efficiency area caused by spacers while maintaining similar deformation uniformity of the electrodes. Large area glass RPCs with 1x1 m$^2$ size using two types of spacer configurations are constructed and tested with cosmic muons events. The muon detection efficiencies for RPCs are greater than $95\%$.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures
The initial-final mass relationship of white dwarfs revisited: effect on the luminosity function and mass distribution
Creators: name: Catalan, S.
name: Isern, J.
name: Garcia-Berro, E.
name: Ribas, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The initial-final mass relationship connects the mass of a white dwarf with the mass of its progenitor in the main-sequence. Although this function is of fundamental importance to several fields in modern astrophysics, it is not well constrained either from the theoretical or the observational points of view. In this work we revise the present semi-empirical initial-final mass relationship by re-evaluating the available data. The distribution obtained from grouping all our results presents a considerable dispersion, which is larger than the uncertainties. We have carried out a weighted least-squares linear fit of these data and a careful analysis to give some clues on the dependence of this relationship on some parameters such as metallicity or rotation. The semi-empirical initial-final mass relationship arising from our study covers the range of initial masses from 1.0 to 6.5 M_sun, including in this way the low-mass domain, poorly studied until recently. Finally, we have also performed a test of the initial-final mass relationship by studying its effect on the luminosity function and on the mass distribution of white dwarfs. This was done by using different initial-final mass relationships from the literature, including the expression derived in this work, and comparing the results obtained with the observational data from the Palomar Green Survey and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We find that the semi-empirical initial-final mass relationship derived here gives results in good agreement with the observational data, especially in the case of the white dwarf mass distribution.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Interaction of groundwater flow systems and thermal regimes in mountainous terrain : a numerical study
Creators: name: Forster, Craig Burton
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: It is widely recognized that topographically-driven groundwater flow can perturb conductive thermal regimes. High-relief topography amplifies the impact of factors controlling groundwater flow and advective heat transfer. A finite element method is developed to model the influence of geology, climate, surface topography and regional heat flux on steady groundwater flow and heat transfer. Because fluid viscosity (hence fluid flux) depends upon temperature, groundwater flow is influenced by the regional heat flux. As a consequence, isothermal approaches to modeling deep groundwater flow in mountains may be inappropriate. Using a free-surface approach, the water table is represented as an internal characteristic of the groundwater flow system, rather than the upper boundary for fluid flow. Thick unsaturated zones are expected in high-permeability terrain (greater than 10⁻¹⁵ m²) with arid climate, or where groundwater recharge is restricted by extensive alpine glaciers. Only vertical fluid flow is assumed to occur in the unsaturated zone, therefore, heat transfer above the water table is represented by one-dimensional advection and two-dimensional conduction. Simulation results indicate that water table elevations are highly sensitive to changes in the controlling factors, but have little impact on the thermal regime. Conductive thermal regimes are predicted in low-permeability terrain (less than 10⁻¹⁸ m²) or in high-permeability terrain with arid climate (recharge rates less than 10⁻¹¹ m/sec). Strong advective heat transfer masks the regional heat flux when permeability exceeds 10⁻¹⁶ m² in terrain with relief of 2 km over a horizontal distance of 6 km. Less than one percent of typical mean annual precipitation is transmitted through deep groundwater flow systems under these conditions. Asymmetric surface topography complicates efforts to interpret chemical and thermal data collected near the valley floor. Fracture zones outcropping at the valley floor can capture a large percentage of groundwater flowing through the system and a significant percentage of the basal heat flux. Maximum spring temperatures are indicated when bulk permeability is between 10⁻¹⁷ m² and 10⁻¹⁵ m². Outside this range, spring temperatures approach ambient air temperature. Topographically driven groundwater flow can distort and obliterate free-convection cells that might otherwise develop within a mountain massif.
Stability of the curvature perturbation in dark sectors' mutual interacting models
Creators: name: He, Jian-Hua
name: Wang, Bin
name: Abdalla, Elcio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider perturbations in a cosmological model with a small coupling between dark energy and dark matter. We prove that the stability of the curvature perturbation depends on the type of coupling between dark sectors. When the dark energy is of quintessence type, if the coupling is proportional to the dark matter energy density, it will drive the instability in the curvature perturbations; however if the coupling is proportional to the energy density of dark energy, there is room for the stability in the curvature perturbations. When the dark energy is of phantom type, the perturbations are always stable, no matter whether the coupling is proportional to the one or the other energy density.
description: 9 page, 4 figures, revised version, accepted for publication in PLB
AIDS
Creators: name: Djuraeva, Barno
name: Makhmudjonova, Munisa
name: Nuriddinov, Sardor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This comprehensive essay provides an in-depth exploration of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), tracing its historical roots, examining the virology of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), and analyzing the global epidemiology of the pandemic. The essay delves into the societal impact of AIDS, discussing the enduring challenges of stigma and discrimination. It highlights the transformative impact of medical advancements, such as antiretroviral therapy (ART), and addresses ongoing challenges in the fight against AIDS. The essay concludes with a forward-looking perspective, considering future prospects, global initiatives, and the continued journey towards eradicating AIDS.
Influence of finite baryon density on hadronization in nucleus-nucleus collisions via recombination
Creators: name: Yang, C. B.
name: Zheng, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper is investigated the influence of net baryon density on baryon and meson yields in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions, based on the recombination model for hadronization. Unitarity condition is used as a constraint on the model. Three cases with different assumptions on the expansion of partonic system are considered and the baryon to meson ratio is calculated for those situations.
description: 10 pages and 6 figures, to appear in J.Phys.G
Electron-induced nuclear magnetic ordering in n-type semiconductors
Creators: name: Vladimirova, M.
name: Scalbert, D.
name: Kuznetsova, M. S.
name: Kavokin, K. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear magnetism in n-doped semiconductors with positive hyperfine constant is revisited. Two kinds of nuclear magnetic ordering can be induced by resident electrons in a deeply cooled nuclear spin system. At positive nuclear spin temperature below a critical value, randomly oriented nuclear spin polarons similar to that predicted by I. Merkulov [I. Merkulov, Physics of the Solid State 40, 930 (1998)] should emerge. These polarons are oriented randomly and within each polaron nuclear and electron spins are aligned antiferromagnetically. At negative nuclear spin temperature below a critical value we predict another type of magnetic ordering - dynamically induced nuclear ferromagnet. This is a long-range ferromagnetically ordered state involving both electrons and nuclei. It can form if electron spin relaxation is dominated by the hyperfine coupling, rather than by the spin-orbit interaction. Application of the theory to the n-doped GaAs suggests that the ferromagnetic order may be reached at experimentally achievable nuclear spin temperature $Θ_N \approx 0.5$ $μ$K and lattice temperature $T_L \approx 5$ K.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
I missionari e l’iconoclastia: la tela del Ritiro San Pellegrino
Creators: name: Checchi, Guido
Publisher: name: Dipartimento delle Arti - Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: Ritiro San Pellegrino; Bologna; iconoclastia; sedicesimo secolo; Bernardo Boil

description: L’articolo si concentra sullo studio di un quadro che si trova nella collezione del Ritiro S. Pellegrino, raffigurante una scena di iconoclastia avvenuta, come è specificato nella lunga iscrizione, ad opera dei missionari nel continente americano. Sono presenti alcuni religiosi intenti a battezzare e a convertire dei probabili indios, vestiti come europei del Cinquecento, e ad abbattere degli idoli. Lo scritto è diviso in quattro paragrafi. Il primo è incentrato sui pochi cenni storici che si sono potuti trovare sul quadro e sulla collezione. Il secondo paragrafo segue con la trascrizione, la traduzione e l’interpretazione della difficile iscrizione latina, in caratteri gotici, che corre sulla fascia bassa della tela, nella quale emerge la figura del benedettino Bernardo Boil, missionario nel Nuovo Mondo. A lui, importante monaco catalano che fu al seguito di Cristoforo Colombo nel secondo viaggio del 1493, è dedicato il terzo paragrafo. La quarta e ultima parte dell’articolo approfondisce, alla luce della scritta e dei dati storici riuniti, l’iconografia e avanza alcune proposte in merito allo stile e alla provenienza dell’interessante quadro.
description: INTRECCI d'arte, No 3 (2014)
Anisotropic growth of random surfaces in 2+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Ferrari, Patrik L.
name: Borodin, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82C22, 60K35, 60G55, 60G15

description: We construct a family of stochastic growth models in 2+1 dimensions, that belong to the anisotropic KPZ class. Appropriate projections of these models yield 1+1 dimensional growth models in the KPZ class and random tiling models. We show that correlation functions associated to our models have determinantal structure, and we study large time asymptotics for one of the models. The main asymptotic results are: (1) The growing surface has a limit shape that consists of facets interpolated by a curved piece. (2) The one-point fluctuations of the height function in the curved part are asymptotically normal with variance of order ln(t) for time t>>1. (3) There is a map of the (2+1)-dimensional space-time to the upper half-plane H such that on space-like submanifolds the multi-point fluctuations of the height function are asymptotically equal to those of the pullback of the Gaussian free (massless) field on H.
description: 99 pages, 12 figures; results extended and presentation improved
Discovery of a bright transient ultraluminous X-ray source Suzaku J1305-4931 in NGC 4945
Creators: name: Isobe, Naoki
name: Kubota, Aya
name: Makishima, Kazuo
name: Gandhi, Poshak
name: Griffiths, Richard E.
name: Dewangan, Gulab C.
name: Itoh, Takeshi
name: Mizuno, Tsunuefumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports the discovery of a bright X-ray transient source, Suzaku J1305-4913, in the south-west arm of the nearby Seyfert II galaxy NGC 4945. It was detected at a 0.5 -- 10 keV flux of $2.2 \times 10^{-12}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ during the Suzaku observation conducted on 2006 January 15 -- 17, but was undetectable in a shorter observation on 2005 August 22 --23, with an upper limit of $1.7 \times 10^{-14}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ (90% confidence level). At a distance of 3.7 Mpc, the bolometric luminosity of the source becomes $L_{\rm bol} = 4.4 \times 10^{39} α$ erg s$^{-1}$, where $α= (\cos 60^\circ / \cos i)$ and $i$ is the disk inclination. Therefore, the source is classified into so-called ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs). The time-averaged X-ray spectrum of the source is described by a multi-color disk model, with the innermost accretion disk temperature of $T_{\rm in} = 1.69_{-0.05}^{+0.06}$ keV. During the 2006 January observation, it varied by a factor of 2 in intensity, following a clear correlation of $L_{\rm bol} \propto T_{\rm in}^4$. It is inferred that the innermost disk radius $R_{\rm in}$ stayed constant at $R_{\rm in} = 79_{-3.9}^{+4.0} α^{1/2}$ km, suggesting the presence of a standard accretion disk. Relating $R_{\rm in}$ with the last stable orbit around a non-rotating black hole yields a rather low black hole mass, $\sim 9 α^{1/2}$ solar masses, which would imply that the source is shining at a luminosity of $\sim3 α^{1/2} $ times the Eddington limit. These results can be better interpreted by invoking sub-Eddington emission from a rapidly spinning black hole with a mass of 20 -- 130 solar masses.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for PASJ 2nd Suzaku special issue
Multi-fluid hydrodynamics in charge density waves with collective, electronic, and solitonic densities and currents
Creators: name: Brazovskii, Serguei
name: Kirova, Natasha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general scheme to approach the space - time evolution of deformations, currents, and the electric field in charge density waves related to appearance of intrinsic topological defects: dislocations, their loops or pairs, and solitons. We derive general equations for the multi-fluid hydrodynamics taking into account the collective mode, electric field, normal electrons, and the intrinsic defects. These equations may allow to study the transformation of injected carriers from normal electrons to new periods of the charge density wave, the collective motion in constrained geometry, and the plastic states and flows. As an application, we present analytical and numerical solutions for distributions of fields around an isolated dislocation line in the regime of nonlinear screening by the gas of phase solitons.
Triply-degenerate point in three-dimensional spinless systems
Creators: name: Feng, Xiaolong
name: Wu, Weikang
name: Yu, Zhi-Ming
name: Yang, Shengyuan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of triply-degenerate points (TPs) that can be stabilized in spinless crystalline systems. Based on an exhaustive search over all 230 space groups, we find that the spinless TPs can exist at both high-symmetry points and high-symmetry paths, and they may have either linear or quadratic dispersions. For TPs located at high-symmetry points, they all share a common minimal set of symmetries, which is the point group $T$. The TP protected solely by the $T$ group is chiral and has a Chern number of $\pm2$. By incorporating additional symmetries, this TP can evolve into chiral pseudospin-1 point, linear TP without chirality, or quadratic contact TP. For accidental TPs residing on a high-symmetry path, they are not chiral but can have either linear or quadratic dispersions in the plane normal to the path. We further construct effective $k\cdot p$ models and minimal lattice models for characterizing these TPs. Distinguished phenomena for the chiral TPs are discussed, including the extensive surface Fermi arcs and the chiral Landau bands.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures