cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chapter 18? Imagining Future Uses of 11 U.S.C. § 363 to Accomplish Chapter 7 Liquidation Goals in Chapter 11 Reorganizations
Creators: name: Lee, Bryant P.
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2009

description: Bankruptcy law is intended to operate in the instances where other applicable laws break down. In other words, it is a gap-filler that is not intended to disturb the natural order unless necessary to solve a problem. More specifically, commentators generally acknowledge that the specific purpose of reorganization is to preserve the going-concern value of financially distressed firms. Opponents of the use of § 363 of the Code to accomplish the Chapter 7 end of liquidation in Chapter 11 raise a host of complaints ranging from arguments that it represents an abuse of the reorganization process by secured creditors to systemic undervaluation of assets to concerns regarding the institutional competency of judges to effectively administer complicated auctions from the bench to contentions that this process fails the basic aim of Chapter 11 reorganization. Recently, commentators have also raised the prospect that the self-interest of accountants, bankers, and lawyers involved in the reorganization may cloud the sale process and deprive the estate of value. Proponents of these sales counter the above complaints by pointing to the quick resolution of a complicated dispute and the economic benefits of a competitive bidding process as evidence for the superiority of asset sales to reorganization. The settlement of this argument and the reformation of the Code is beyond the scope of this Note; however, given the expected continuation of the uptick in Chapter 11 bankruptcy petition filings experienced in 2008, it will be useful to further investigate the current trends of §363 uses while forecasting its future use in a time of constricting credit. Part II of this Note explores the history of the uses of §363 in bankruptcy proceedings while focusing on its increasing prevalence and popularity in recent years. The issues and concerns surrounding the current practices of §363 usage, including the pitfalls and objections noted above, are to be examined in Part III. A consideration of proposed alternatives to pure asset sales in Chapter 11 reorganizations is discussed and evaluated in Part IV, while attempting to keep these suggestions in the context of the current economic climate. Ultimately, this Note concludes that asset sales in Chapter 11 under §363 of the Code are too ingrained in the bankruptcy process to be turned back now. In fact, it is the position of this Note that the same credit market deficiencies that contributed to the rise in bankruptcy filings experienced in 2008 will also contribute to the cementing of §363 asset sales as the preferred exit from Chapter 11. The issue that is left open for debate is how to effectively and efficiently administer the sale process within bankruptcy in order to further the reorganization goal of maintaining going-concern value in financially distressed firms.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2009 No. 2
Twisted speckle entities inside wavefront reversal mirrors
Creators: name: Okulov, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The previously unknown property of the optical speckle pattern reported. The interference of a speckle with an oppositely moving phase-conjugated speckle wave produces a randomly distributed ensemble of a twisted entities (ropes) surrounding optical vortex lines. These entities appear in a wide range of randomly chosen speckle parameters inside the phase-conjugating mirrors regardless to an internal physical mechanism of the wavefront reversal. These numerically generated interference patterns are relevant to a Brillouin $\bf PC$-mirrors and to a four-wave mixing $\bf PC$-mirrors based upon laser trapped ultracold atomic cloud.
description: 4 pages,3 figures, Accepted to Physical Review A
Slavery Disclosure Laws: For Financial Reparations or for “Telling the Truth?”
Creators: name: Levy, Jason
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2009

description: The loss of a city contract–in this case, a lucrative contract–is the only penalty prescribed by the Chicago Slavery Disclosure Ordinance for failure to accurately disclose ties to slavery. Reflecting on this outcome, Dorothy Tillman, the sponsor of the Chicago Slavery Disclosure Ordinance, summarized the message of the legislation: “It says to other companies: If you tell the truth, there is no penalty. If you lie, there is.” This statement implies that the only purpose of slavery disclosure laws is to encourage corporations to research and then truthfully disclose any ties that these companies or their predecessors had to slavery. Yet, slavery disclosure laws also serve another purpose–to identify corporations that had ties to slavery in order to bring civil suits against them, as a means of securing financial reparations for slavery. While both of these two purposes seek to promote a broad goal of the modern African-American reparations movement–to bring past injustices to light and to correct present injustice– which of these two purposes predominates inevitably shapes the assessment of slavery disclosure laws. This Note evaluates slavery disclosure laws by focusing on whether the promotion of truthful disclosures or the facilitation of reparations lawsuits can reduce racial inequality stemming from slavery. Through this evaluation and an analysis of the structure of recent slavery disclosure laws, this Note seeks to provide guidance to a city or state government considering such legislation.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2009 No. 2
With the Spotlight on the Financial Crisis, Regulatory Loopholes, and Hedge Funds, How Should Hedge Funds Comply With the Insider Trading Laws?
Creators: name: Kamann, Ted
name: Hood, Rory T.
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2009

description: Since 2007, when it commissioned a working group to investigate insider trading in the hedge fund industry, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has leveled particular scrutiny at insider trading by hedge funds. Accordingly, it issued subpoenas to over fifty hedge fund advisers in July 2008. The SEC is not alone in this pursuit. On June 19, 2008, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, in conjunction with the Department of Justice (“DOJ”), arrested two former Bear Stearns hedge fund managers, Ralph Cioffi and Matthew Tannin, in connection with the collapse of two Bear Stearns hedge funds. Among other things, the indictment alleges that, while Mr. Cioffi and Mr. Tannin informed investors of a positive outlook, Mr. Cioffi transferred $2 million of his own money, about one-third of his personal position, out of a fund that invested primarily in collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”). In addition to charges for securities and wire fraud, Mr. Cioffi has been charged with insider trading. Despite this increased scrutiny, no market practice has developed to assist hedge funds in complying with insider trading laws and to offer them the protection of collectively conforming to commonly accepted norms. To help fill this void, this Article proposes guidance on insider trading compliance for hedge funds and other institutional traders with similar concerns. Unlike the vast majority of the literature on insider trading, the focus of this Article is risk reduction and prevention rather than litigation or academic analysis. In particular, it considers how hedge fund compliance policies should take account of derivative and debt securities as well as the globalization of securities markets. Both of these areas present interesting legal issues in an evolving context of recent market and legal developments. For the many hedge funds that are highly active traders of debt and derivative securities in global markets, both of these areas are of special concern.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2009 No. 2
One, Many or Any? An investigation of bovid figurines and associated practice in early Egyptian settlements and cemeteries
Creators: name: Brice, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The enigmatic figurines of prehistoric cultures around the world have fascinated and perplexed scholars since they were first discovered. However, the interpretation of these objects, the significance of their subject matter and their function continue to be debated. While the subject matter of figurines can include humans, animals, food stuffs and geometric pieces, the scholarship has predominantly focussed on collating and discussing the corpus of anthropomorphic figurines. Unfortunately, this long-standing fascination has isolated the other categories of figurines from a substantial combined or stand-alone analysis.
This project is primarily concerned with the interpretation of a group of prehistoric Egyptian zoomorphic figurines which are collectively called ‘bovid figurines’. They have been excavated from a small number of Upper and Lower Egyptian cemeteries and settlements that date between the Fayum and Nile Delta Neolithic period to Naqada IID of the Predynastic period (c. 5,500–3,325 BCE). Currently, their function and significance of bovid figurines have been shrouded in ideas of ritual; however, this interpretation does not adequately account for the disparate archaeological contexts or markers within the figurines themselves. Therefore, this project has examined the corpus of bovid figurines according to their archaeological context, subject matter and form to consider the social context of the evidence. Through this multi-faceted approach, the evidence has been recontextualised into its cultural-historical context so as to posit the function and significance of the bovid figurines in prehistoric Egypt.
Writing is Reading is Writing: Two Applications of the Parol Evidence Rule to Collective Bargaining Agreements
Creators: name: Moody, Gerald
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2009

description: Collective bargaining agreements are contracts that resist application of traditional contract law. This creates an analytical problem. On the one hand, collective bargaining agreements seem like ordinary contracts. The collective bargaining agreement is a written document that creates enforceable rights and duties between management and the union. Yet collective bargaining agreements have special qualities that make certain contract principles inapplicable. First, there are many heterogeneous parties on both sides of the agreement. Second, unlike ordinary contracts, collective bargaining agreements are often intentionally silent on significant matters. In order to be of a readable length, collective agreements must be written in generalized language that is capable of capturing the myriad relationships between management and labor. Third, bargaining over both the present and future agreements continues after the parties have signed. These differences, inter alia, have generated debate in the federal circuit courts and among commentators about whether to apply traditional rules of contract interpretation to collective bargaining agreements or to create a specialized set of rules. One important question is whether, and to what extent, collective bargaining agreement analysis should extend beyond the four corners of the document in order to determine the mutual intent of the parties. It is critical that judges and arbitrators, each with a unique kind of authority over collective bargaining agreements, use the interpretative method best suited to their distinct interpretive projects. This Note argues that judges deciding procedural arbitrability questions should use a strong parol evidence rule, while arbitrators resolving substantive disputes about collective bargaining agreements should use a weak parol evidence rule. If judges do not use a strong parol evidence rule, they threaten to undermine the benefits of arbitration. If arbitrators do not use a weak parol evidence rule, they risk the same result. The Supreme Court should therefore resolve the split in the federal circuit courts over the appropriate parol evidence standard in order to ensure the success of national labor policy. Part II of this Note describes the current constitutional and statutory regime of collective bargaining agreements and the relationship between arbitral and judicial enforcement. Part III discusses two competing approaches to the parol evidence rule used by arbitrators and judges who interpret and enforce collective bargaining agreements. Part IV concludes by suggesting why judges and arbitrators should use the approach to the parol evidence rule best suited to their distinct interpretive roles.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2009 No. 1
A homogeneous spectroscopic analysis of host stars of transiting planets
Creators: name: Eiff, M. Ammler-von
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Fernandes, J.
name: Guillot, T.
name: Israelian, G.
name: Mayor, M.
name: Melo, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of transiting extra-solar planets provides an enormous amount of information about the formation and evolution of planetary systems. A precise knowledge of the host stars is necessary to derive the planetary properties accurately. The properties of the host stars, especially their chemical composition, are also of interest in their own right. Information about planet formation is inferred by, among others, correlations between different parameters such as the orbital period and the metallicity of the host stars. The stellar properties studied should be derived as homogeneously as possible. The present work provides new, uniformly derived parameters for 13 host stars of transiting planets. Effective temperature, surface gravity, microturbulence parameter, and iron abundance were derived from spectra of both high signal-to-noise ratio and high resolution by assuming iron excitation and ionization equilibria. For some stars, the new parameters differ from previous determinations, which is indicative of changes in the planetary radii. A systematic offset in the abundance scale with respect to previous assessments is found for the TrES and HAT objects. Our abundance measurements are remarkably robust in terms of the uncertainties in surface gravities. The iron abundances measured in the present work are supplemented by all previous determinations using the same analysis technique. The distribution of iron abundance then agrees well with the known metal-rich distribution of planet host stars. To facilitate future studies, the spectroscopic results of the current work are supplemented by the findings for other host stars of transiting planets, for a total dataset of 50 objects.
description: accepted for publication in A&A, 7 pages, 6 figures
Neutrino signal from gamma-ray loud binaries powered by high energy protons
Creators: name: Neronov, A.
name: Ribordy, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a hadronic model of activity for Galactic gamma-ray-loud binaries, in which the multi-TeV neutrino flux from the source can be much higher and/or harder than the detected TeV gamma-ray flux. This is related to the fact that most neutrinos are produced in pp interactions close to the bright massive star, in a region optically thick for the TeV gamma-rays. Considering the specific example of LS I +61o 303, we derive upper bounds for neutrino fluxes from various proton injection spectra compatible with the observed multi-wavelength spectrum. At this upper level of neutrino emission, we demonstrate that ICECUBE will not only detect this source at 5 sigma C.L. after one year of operation, but, after 3 years of exposure, will also collect a sample marginally sufficient to constrain the spectral characteristics of the neutrino signal, directly related to the underlying source acceleration mechanisms.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Emergence of the Gambier equation in cosmology
Creators: name: Batic, D.
name: Guha, P.
name: Choudhury, A. Ghose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the Gambier equation arises in connection to Friedmann-Lema$\mbox{î}$tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmology and a Dark Matter equation of state. Moreover, we provide a correspondence between the Friedmann equations and the Gambier equations that possess the Painlev$\acute{\mbox{e}}$ property in $2+1$ dimensions. We also consider special cases of the Gambier G27 equation such as the generalized Pinney equation. For an extended FLRW model with dynamic scalar field as matter model, the Einstein equations correspond to the Milne-Pinney equation which in turn can be mapped to the parametric Gambier equation of second order.
description: 13 pages
Financial Markets in Bankruptcy Court: How Much Uncertainty Remains after BAPCPA?
Creators: name: Giblin, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2009

description: In 2005, Congress continued a tradition that can be traced back to the passage of the original Bankruptcy Reform Act. Spurred by a near crisis in the financial markets in the late 1990s, Congress passed legislation extending coverage of the parties and contracts that would be exempted from certain provisions of the Bankruptcy Code (the “Code”). In doing so, much attention was given to the fear that were a major player in the financial industry to declare bankruptcy, the counterparties to its financial contracts would be unable to exercise their contractual rights immediately. This, in turn, would lead to massive uncertainty, exposing the inherently volatile exchanges to widespread risk that could not be controlled by the contractors themselves. The amendments addressed this fear, and did so quite comprehensively. But in a few key areas, recent developments suggest they may not have gone far enough. This Note argues that three important legislative omissions will continue to expose the financial markets to substantial uncertainty and operate contrary to Congress’s intent. Part I will explain the background and purpose of the amendments. Part II will address Congress’s failure to clearly manifest its intent to use industry custom as the primary interpretive tool for ambiguous contracts. This failure has left the door open for courts to undertake the very sort of analysis the amendments were designed to prevent. Part III will show that the inability to capture all relevant financial agreements within the definition of protected netting agreements has recently led to a substantial devaluing of assets during the mortgage crisis. Part IV will show that a new provision intended to clarify the timing of damages actually has injected the Code with more uncertainty. In all three cases, this Note will suggest legislative solutions where possible, and draw attention to existing law within bankruptcy and other areas of commercial law that can be used to craft judicial solutions.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2009 No. 1
Elega, J. O., Jacob, S. M., Samuel, Segun, Tuedogheye, J.G, Yusuf A.U. and Adamu A.D. (2018).Youth employment in the cassava and trice value chains in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Proceedings of the 5th National conference of sustainable livelihoods and development network for Africa (SLIDEN AFRICA). Held at the Elkan Terrace, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, 9th to 12th,2018. Edited by Osuntade, O. B., Adetoye, A. M. and Adebayo, K. Pp 118- 122
Creators: name: J. O., Elega
name: S. M., Jacob
name: Segun, Samuel
name: Ibrahim, M. O.
name: J. G., Tuedogheye
name: A. U., Yusuf
name: A. D., Adamu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 70106 Farm Management, Rural Management and Agribusiness
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences

description: High rate of unemployment in the Niger Delta Region has manifested in numerous social vices, continue to limit development within the region The aim of this study was to examine the margins and returns from cassava and rice agri-business value chain within the Niger- Delta region with a view to identify priority enterprises which can provide enough incentive for the youths and move them away from such vices towards gainful employment. A Multi stage sampling design, complemented with stratification was employed to select 4 States (Abia, Cross River, Edo and Rivers) out of the 9 Niger Delta States, based on regional stratification and performance criteria under the recently-closed IF AD supported Community-based Natural Resource Management Programme to have a total of 200 respondents. Descriptive statistics and profitability analyses were used to analyse the data collected in line with the objectives. On the basis of the margin and returns on investment analyses, the study concluded that enterprise nodes within the two enterprises provided enough returns on investment to justify the need for value chain development in the region. The study therefore recommended that the enterprises were profitable enough to attract the necessary investment opportunity for development in the agricultural sector. •
Useful Limits to the Fifth Amendment: Examining the Benefits that Flow From a Private Regulator’s Ability to Demand Answers to It’s Questions During an Investigation
Creators: name: Lawhead, Alan
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2009

description: The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), which resulted from the 2007 merger of the regulatory functions of the New York Stock Exchange and the National Association of Securities Dealers, conducts examinations of brokerage firms to verify that brokers are complying with securities industry rules. During its investigations, FINRA does not grant a Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination because a central tenant of membership is that brokers cooperate and testify in FINRA’s investigations. The lynchpin supporting FINRA’s ability to obtain testimony is that—under the state action doctrine—FINRA is a private actor. This article analyzes the Supreme Court’s 2001 state-action decision in Brentwood Academy and concludes that the Fifth Amendment does not apply in FINRA’s private investigations. Congress is formulating a dramatic overhaul of the byzantine U.S. financial regulatory system. This process highlights the need to discuss the benefits of private regulation of brokerage firms. I argue that FINRA’s role as a private self regulator should be preserved, including its operation beyond the bounds of constitutional restrictions. FINRA’s testimony requirement furthers the detection of misconduct and therefore promotes confidence in securities markets and benefits the investing public.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2009 No. 1
Enumeration by kernel positions for strongly Bernoulli type truncation games on words
Creators: name: Hetyei, Gábor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15 (Primary), 11B68, 91A05, 91A46 (Secondary)

description: We find the winning strategy for a class of truncation games played on words. As a consequence of the present author's recent results on some of these games we obtain new formulas for Bernoulli numbers and polynomials of the second kind and a new combinatorial model for the number of connected permutations of given rank. For connected permutations, the decomposition used to find the winning strategy is shown to be bijectively equivalent to King's decomposition, used to recursively generate a transposition Gray code of the connected permutations.
Credit Rating Agencies and the “Worldwide Credit Crisis”: The Limits of Reputation, the Insufficiency of Reform, and a Proposal for Improvement
Creators: name: Hunt, John
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2009

description: The “worldwide credit crisis” has thrust credit rating agencies into the spotlight, with attention focused on their ratings of novel structured finance products. Policymakers have undertaken a number of initiatives intended to address perceived problems with such ratings–enhancing competition, promoting transparency, reducing conflicts of interest, and reducing ratings-dependent regulation. These approaches are all broadly consistent with the dominant academic theory of rating agencies, the “reputational-capital” model, which is taken to imply that under the right circumstances a well-functioning reputation mechanism will deter low-quality ratings. The policy initiatives currently under consideration can be seen as efforts to fix discrete problems with the rating market so that the reputation mechanism can work properly. This Article argues that these efforts are fundamentally incomplete, because even a well-functioning reputation mechanism does not generate optimum rating quality on new products: When a new product is introduced, agencies do not have a reputation for high quality in that product so they have nothing to lose from issuing the rating. Even if low quality for a specific product type harms the agency’s reputation for rating other product types, the agency still will be induced to issue low-quality ratings if the new product type in question is large enough in volume. And as long as rating quality across new product types is high enough on average, it is rational for investors to rely on new-product ratings even if they know that some are of low quality. The incentive problem can be corrected by requiring an agency to disgorge profits on ratings that are revealed to be of low quality by the performance of the product type over time, unless the agency discloses that the ratings are of low quality. Such a system would be superior both to the current regime, which relies on market forces backed by antifraud rules, and to other alternatives, such as the recent proposal to forbid new-product ratings absent prior SEC approval of the products.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2009 No. 1
Microsoft’s Five Fatal Flaws
Creators: name: Devlin, Alan
name: Jacobs, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2009

description: In September, 2007, the European Court of First Instance (“CFI”) issued a decision of monumental importance to the fields of antitrust and intellectual property. The court ruled that Microsoft had abused its dominant position by failing to provide its rivals with proprietary information sufficient to render their goods interoperable with Microsoft’s operating system. In so finding, the court necessarily discounted the “incentive to create” principles that explicitly underlie the intellectual property laws. At its heart, the holding reveals a European predilection for explicit short-run social gains in place of promoting the less demonstrable, though possibly overriding, benefits of long-run innovation. Although immensely controversial, and in tension with the treatment given intellectual property in the United States, the Microsoft decision ultimately rests on a subjective determination that is not yet vulnerable to empirical disproof. Despite being questionable from a theoretical perspective, then, the court’s promotion of the short-run over the long-run was not indisputably erroneous. Taking as a given the indeterminacy of the CFI’s short-run/long-run trade-off, this Article argues that on its own terms the decision is a profoundly poor one, suffering as it does from at least five fatal flaws. We explore these fundamental shortcomings to explain how the court departed from pertinent case law, incongruously imposed ordoliberal principles on information markets, adopted a long-discredited framework for analyzing competitive behavior, made improper determinations of consumer preference on the basis of questionable survey data, and failed to address the considerable administrative cost associated with its holding. Ultimately, and worst of all, we show that the precedential value of Microsoft may serve as a Damoclean threat to new economy innovation. We conclude that because the holding in Microsoft poses such a variety of serious threats to the proper administration of competition law, the application of the opinion should be closely confined to the peculiar facts of the case.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2009 No. 1
AcroMonk: A Minimalist Underactuated Brachiating Robot
Creators: name: Javadi, Mahdi
name: Harnack, Daniel
name: Stocco, Paula
name: Kumar, Shivesh
name: Vyas, Shubham
name: Pizzutilo, Daniel
name: Kirchner, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Brachiation is a dynamic, coordinated swinging maneuver of body and arms used by monkeys and apes to move between branches. As a unique underactuated mode of locomotion, it is interesting to study from a robotics perspective since it can broaden the deployment scenarios for humanoids and animaloids. While several brachiating robots of varying complexity have been proposed in the past, this paper presents the simplest possible prototype of a brachiation robot, using only a single actuator and unactuated grippers. The novel passive gripper design allows it to snap on and release from monkey bars, while guaranteeing well defined start and end poses of the swing. The brachiation behavior is realized in three different ways, using trajectory optimization via direct collocation and stabilization by a model-based time-varying linear quadratic regulator (TVLQR) or model-free proportional derivative (PD) control, as well as by a reinforcement learning (RL) based control policy. The three control schemes are compared in terms of robustness to disturbances, mass uncertainty, and energy consumption. The system design and controllers have been open-sourced. Due to its minimal and open design, the system can serve as a canonical underactuated platform for education and research.
description: The open-source implementation is available at https://github.com/dfki-ric-underactuated-lab/acromonk and a video demonstration of the experiments can be accessed at https://youtu.be/FIcDNtJo9Jc}
Color Octet Scalar Bound States at the LHC
Creators: name: Kim, Chul
name: Mehen, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One possible extension of the Standard Model scalar sector includes SU(2)_L doublet scalars that are color octets rather than singlets. We focus on models in which the couplings to fermions are consistent with the principle of minimal flavor violation (MFV), in which case these color octet scalars couple most strongly to the third generation of quarks. When the Yukawa coupling of color octet scalars to Standard Model fermions is less than unity, these states can live long enough to bind into color-singlet spin-0 hadrons, which we call octetonia. In this paper, we consider the phenomenology of octetonia at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Predictions for their production via gluon-gluon fusion and their two-body decays into Standard Model gauge bosons, Higgs bosons, and \bar{t}t are presented.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, published version
Youth employment in the cassava and trice value chains in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Proceedings of the 5th National conference of sustainable livelihoods and development network for Africa (SLIDEN AFRICA). Held at the Elkan Terrace, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, 9th to 12th,2018. Edited by Osuntade, O. B., Adetoye, A. M. and Adebayo, K. Pp 118- 122
Creators: name: J. O., Elega
name: S. M., Jacob
name: Segun, Samuel
name: Ibrahim, M. O.
name: J. G., Tuedogheye
name: A. U., Yusuf
name: A. D., Adamu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 70106 Farm Management, Rural Management and Agribusiness
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences

description: High rate of unemployment in the Niger Delta Region has manifested in numerous social vices, continue to limit development within the region The aim of this study was to examine the margins and returns from cassava and rice agri-business value chain within the Niger- Delta region with a view to identify priority enterprises which can provide enough incentive for the youths and move them away from such vices towards gainful employment. A Multi stage sampling design, complemented with stratification was employed to select 4 States (Abia, Cross River, Edo and Rivers) out of the 9 Niger Delta States, based on regional stratification and performance criteria under the recently-closed IF AD supported Community-based Natural Resource Management Programme to have a total of 200 respondents. Descriptive statistics and profitability analyses were used to analyse the data collected in line with the objectives. On the basis of the margin and returns on investment analyses, the study concluded that enterprise nodes within the two enterprises provided enough returns on investment to justify the need for value chain development in the region. The study therefore recommended that the enterprises were profitable enough to attract the necessary investment opportunity for development in the agricultural sector. •
Implementing the Vision of Sustainable Forestry through Integrated Forest Management? INTEGRAL Policy Brief 1.
Creators: name: Sotirov, Metodi
name: Cappelmann, Lisa
name: Riemer, Annamaria
name: Eriksson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Forest Policy, Drivers and Barriers, Sustainable Forest Management, Integrated Forest Management, Europe

description: Policy Brief 1, EU FP-7 INTEGRAL Project "Future-oriented and integrated management of European forest landscapes"
description: EU large-scale collaborative research project INTEGRAL project (FP-7)
Chrysosporium laterisporum Z. Li, Y. W. Zhang, W. H. Chen & Y. F. Han 2019, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Li, Zhong
name: Zhang, Yan-Wei
name: Chen, Wan-Hao
name: Han, Yan-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Eurotiomycetes
Onygenales
Onygenaceae
Chrysosporium
Chrysosporium laterisporum

description: Chrysosporium laterisporum Z. Li, Y.W. Zhang, W.H. Chen & Y.F. Han sp. nov. (Fig. 2) MycoBank No.: MB 819480, GenBank: KY350785, KY350786 Type: — CHINA. Fujian Province: Fuzhou City, 26°08´N, 119°28´E, GZUIFR-G310 (dried culture) isolated from soil of forest park. Colonies on PDA, attaining 32 mm in 7 d at 25 °C, white to yellowish, fluffy, ridges in the center, margin irregular; reverse yellowish. Hyphae hyaline, septate, smooth, 1.2–3.3 μm wide. Racquet hyphae absent. Terminal and lateral conidia sessile or on short protrusions or side branches, solitary, hyaline, smooth, single-celled, obpyriform to ellipsoidal, 5–12.5 × 2.5–10 µm (x =7.5 × 5.8, n= 60), basal scars 0.8–1.5 µm wide. Intercalary conidia and chlamydospores absent. Etymology: – laterisporum (Latin), referring to the abundant lateral conidia. Material examined: — The ex-type G310.1 and ex-isotype G310.2 were isolated from the soils of the forest park in November 2014 by Y.F. Han. The ex-type G310.1 culture was dried as the type GZUIFR-G310. They were deposited in the Institute of Fungus Resource, Guizhou University (GZAC). Distribution: —Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China.
description: Published as part of Li, Zhong, Zhang, Yan-Wei, Chen, Wan-Hao & Han, Yan-Feng, 2019, Morphological traits and molecular analysis for two new Chrysosporium species from Fujian Province, China, pp. 257-264 in Phytotaxa 400 (5) on pages 260-261, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.400.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5585724
An examination of changing attitudes and law regarding relationships prior to and following the framing of the Australian Constitution
Creators: name: Shuker, Bruce
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 480402
subject: Family law
classificationCode: 480405
subject: Law and society and socio-legal research

description: This paper presents the findings of an investigation into Australian laws applicable to married couples and non-married couples in the event of a breakdown of the relationship. Research was conducted from 1998 until 2000. The aim of the paper is to change the current practice of state and territorial legislation being administered in those cases where a de facto relationship breaks down but Commonwealth legislation applied where the break down of a marriage occurs.
This message is directed at both the legal fraternity and State and Commonwealth governments. These organisations are considered to have a major influence in the area of family law.
The effect of the current State and Territorial legislation pertaining to de facto relationships is inconsistent application of law to ordinary Australians. Since exercising its powers under the Australian Constitution, the Commonwealth removed the diversity that existed when marriage and divorce fell under State legislation, and delivered instead uniformity and consistency in these areas.
The findings reveal that society is registering rapid change in its attitude to relationships compared to that of a few generations ago. The suggestion of this paper is for a practical change to the current system of altering the financial and property interests of heterosexual de facto couples. As a result of those same shifting social attitudes, issues related to ex-nuptial children were referred from the States to the Commonwealth. The present position regarding current de facto legislation would indicate, and social attitude appears to agree, that it is time to bring matters related to the break down of a de facto couple's relationship under the same jurisdiction.
Inflammasome signalling and its impact on intestinal mucosal defense
Creators: name: Han, Xiao (Vivian)
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: This thesis explores the intricate dynamics of inflammasome activation in human and murine intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) as well as its role in the mucus secretion that ensues during enteric Salmonella enterica Typhimurium infection. Using in vitro organoid cultures derived from human and mouse ileum, we observed distinct differences in inflammasome activation between human and murine IECs. Through knockout experiments targeting pro-inflammatory caspases in human and murine organoids, we discovered that human IECs rely on non-canonical inflammasome activation through caspase-4, whereas murine IECs primarily depend on canonical inflammasome activation through caspase-1 to curb cytosolic S. Typhimurium replication and promote interleukin (IL)-18 production. These findings shed light on species-specific variations in inflammasome signaling pathways and their response to invading pathogenic microbes. In vivo experiments using mouse models investigated the effects of inflammasome activation on the intestinal epithelium, and specifically goblet cells and mucin secretion. We observed that inflammasome activation modulates goblet cell function in the cecum and distal colon, promoting mucin secretion in response to S. Typhimurium infection. Deficiencies in caspase-1 and caspase-11 resulted in reduced mucin secretion, as indicated by thinner mucus layers in the distal colon. The cytokines IL-18 and IL-22 were found to play crucial roles in stimulating cecal mucin secretion, with IL-22 regulating IL-18 production. Supplementation of recombinant IL-18 rescued the reduced mucin secretion in IL-22-deficient mice. Additionally, NLRP6 inflammasomes were found to be modestly involved in modulating mucin secretion in the distal colon, albeit through IL-22- and IL-18-independent pathways. These findings underscore the complex interactions between inflammasome activation, cytokines, and mucin secretion in the intestinal epithelium during S. Typhimurium infection. The observed differences in inflammasome activation between human and murine IECs emphasize the importance of considering species-specific differences when translating research findings to clinical applications. The correlation between mucin secretion and inflammasome signaling provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying host defense against S. Typhimurium by curbing bacterial colonization and dissemination. Moreover, these findings may ultimately aid in the development of targeted therapeutic strategies for combating enteric pathogens and associated gastrointestinal disorders.
Corporate Art Collecting and Fiduciary Duties to Shareholders: Legal Duties and Best Practices for Directors and Officers
Creators: name: Alter, Denise M.
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2009

description: Corporate art collections pose unique challenges to directors charged with an “unyielding fiduciary duty to the corporation and its shareholders.” Although corporate insiders may not consider art in the corporate collection an investment, corporate shareholders may feel otherwise. Shareholders deserve to know that when valuable fine art assets are acquired by the company, those assets are properly purchased, acquired for sound business reasons, carefully stewarded, and disposed of consistent with the law and with best practices in corporate governance and fine art collection management. This Article examines corporate art collecting within the context of these legally mandated duties and best practices. In this Article, we review the doctrines of primacy and corporate waste to evaluate whether corporate art collecting can maximize shareholder value or satisfy other legitimate business purposes. Corporations are advised to plan collecting activities strategically to ensure company art acquisitions align with sound business purposes justifying those purchases, and to set acquisition and collection management budgets that are reasonable and appropriate to the company’s ongoing financial condition.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2009 No. 1
PUB IN - Uma perspetiva para o futuro da publicação científica
Creators: name: Carvalho, José
name: Costa, Susana
name: Rodrigues, Eloy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão Pecha Kucha III da 12ª Conferência Luso-Brasileira de Ciência Aberta, formato híbrido, de 13 a 15 de outubro de 2021.
Proxy Access and the Internet Age: Using Electronic Shareholder Forums to Improve Corporate Governance
Creators: name: Smith, Blake
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2008

description: On November 28, 2007, the SEC voted to amend federal proxy rules in two ways. The first amendment clarified the SEC’s stance that corporations may exclude shareholder proposals for nominees to the company’s board of directors from the company’s proxy materials. The second amendment was designed to encourage the use of electronic communications between companies and investors. These SEC actions constituted a partial response to a longstanding debate concerning the role of shareholders in corporate governance. This Note argues that innovative uses of web-based technology could resolve many contentions issues concerning shareholder participation in corporate elections and ultimately improve the quality of corporate board elections from the perspective of corporate boards and shareholders. Despite their early state of development, electronic shareholder forums present corporations with the clear opportunity for low-cost, beneficial interaction with shareholders. With a proper investment of time and due consideration, electronic communications with shareholders stand to improve corporate performance without dramatically altering structures of corporate governance.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2008 No. 3
Partial Transpose Moments, Principal Minors and Entanglement Detection
Creators: name: Ali, Mazhar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it has been shown that locally randomized measurements can be employed to get partial transpose moments of a density matrix [Elben A., {\it et al.} Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 125}, 200501 (2020)]. Consequently, two general entanglement detection methods were proposed based on partial transpose moments of a density matrix [Yu X-D., {\it et al.} Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 127}, 060504 (2021)]. In this context, a natural question arises that how partial transpose moments are related with entanglement and with well known idea of principal minors. In this work, we analytically demonstrate that for qubit-qubit quantum systems, partial transpose moments can be expressed as simple functions of principal minors. We expect this relation to exist for every bipartite quantum systems. In addition, we have extended the idea of PT-moments for tripartite qubit systems and have shown that PT-moments can only detect the whole range of being NPT for $GHZ$ and $W$ states mixed with white noise.
description: 15 pages, no figures
Ahaetulla undetermined
Creators: name: Müller, F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1885
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Squamata
Ophidia
Colubridae
Ahaetulla
Ahaetulla undetermined

description: Ahaetulla sp.
Goldküste v. H. Dr. Mähly. [2]
Jan geht wohl zu weit, wenn er die von Günther (A.M. N. h. 1863) in mehrere Arten zerlegten westafrikanischen glattschuppigen Ahaetullen in eine einzige (Leptophis Chenoni = Ah. irregularis Gü. cat. col. sn.) vereinigt. — Hinwiederum genügt auch die citirte Uebersicht von Günther nicht, in welcher z. B. die unten in Gruppe III aufgeführten Stücke keinen Platz ﬁnden. — Die in unserer Sammlung boﬁndlichen glattschııppigen Ahaetullen aus den Guinealändern, mit 15 Schuppenreihen, mit gekielten Ventralien und 9 Supralabialen (4, 5, 6 ans Auge) lassen sich nämlich folgendermassen gruppiren:
I. Temporalia 2 + 2 (bei l Ex. 2 + 1); 0—1 Paar Gu. luren zwischen dem zweiten Paar inframaxillarien und dem ersten ventrale. Annie einfach. Ventralia 147 163; subcaud. 83—93. Olivengrün, Haut zwischen den Schuppen schwarz, letztere bei einigen Stücken zahlreich, bei andern sparsam mit weisser Basalhältte. Goldküste und Kamerun. (Ah. heteroderuıa Gü. loc. c.)
II. Temp. l + 2 und l + l 2 Paar Gularen. Annie geteilt. Ventralia 168 180; subcaudalia 111 128.
Fust einfärbig grün, nur das Stück mit temp. 1 + 1 zeigt zahlreiche weisse Basalﬂecke. Goldküste. (Ahae. irregularis Gü l. c.)
III. Temp. 2 + 2 + 2. 3 Paar Gularen. Anale getheilt. Ventralia 189—199 subcaudalia 148—147. Sowohl fast einfärbig als mit zahlreicher weisser Fleckung. Goldküste. Die oben angeführten Stücke gehören dieser Gruppe an.
Vergl. übrigens auch Fischer, herp. Bemerk. über Stücke des Bremer Mus., Verh. d. nıturw. V. in Bremen, Bd. VII, art.: Philoth. irreg. Leach. var.
description: Published as part of Müller, F, 1885, Vierter Nachtrag zum Katalogder herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums, pp. 668-717 in Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel. 7 (3) on pages 683-684, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.2388, http://zenodo.org/record/15183591
Scattering and bound states of spinless particles in a mixed vector-scalar smooth step potential
Creators: name: Garcia, M. G.
name: de Castro, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scattering and bound states for a spinless particle in the background of a kink-like smooth step potential, added with a scalar uniform background, are considered with a general mixing of vector and scalar Lorentz structures. The problem is mapped into the Schrödinger-like equation with an effective Rosen-Morse potential. It is shown that the scalar uniform background present subtle and trick effects for the scattering states and reveals itself a high-handed element for formation of bound states. In that process, it is shown that the problem of solving a differential equation for the eigenenergies is transmuted into the simpler and more efficient problem of solving an irrational algebraic equation.