cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Οι ταφικές πρακτικές στη Θεσσαλία κατά τη μέση εποχή του χαλκού
Creators: name: Σισμάνη, Κασσάνδρα Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Ταφικές πρακτικές
Μέση εποχή του χαλκού
Θεσσαλία
Κοινωνία
Burial practices
Middle bronze age
Thessaly
Society

description: O σκοπός της εργασίας είναι η διερεύνηση των ταφικών πρακτικών στη Θεσσαλία κατά τη διάρκεια της Μέσης Εποχής του Χαλκού. Τα αρχαιολογικά δεδομένα είναι λιγοστά και πολλές φορές ελλιπή για τη Μέση Εποχή του Χαλκού στη Θεσσαλία. Ωστόσο μέσω της παρουσίασης και της ανάλυσης αυτών των δεδομένων επιχειρείται η ανίχνευση του τρόπου με τον οποίο οι ταφικές πρακτικές αποτέλεσαν μέσο για τη διαμόρφωση της κοινωνικής οργάνωσης αυτή την περίοδο σε αυτή την περιοχή. Από αυτή την ανάλυση προέκυψε ότι προς το τέλος της Μέσης Εποχής του Χαλκού, κυρίως στις παράκτιες περιοχές της Θεσσαλίας, δρουν διάφορες ανταγωνιστικές ομάδες, οι οποίες χρησιμοποιούν ως μέσο τις ταφικές πρακτικές για τη διαμόρφωση και εγκαθίδρυση του κοινωνικού τους ρόλου. Αυτές οι κοινωνικές ομάδες, ακολουθώντας τις κοινωνικοπολιτικές εξελίξεις στη Νότια Ελλάδα, είναι που κατορθώνουν αργότερα, κατά την Ύστερη Εποχή του Χαλκού, να βρίσκονται στο ανώτερο επίπεδο της κοινωνικής ιεραρχίας.
description: The aim of the study is to investigate burial practices in Thessaly during the Middle Bronze Age. Archeological data concerning the period of Middle Bronze Age in Thessaly are scarce and often inadequate. However through the presentation and the analysis of the archaeological data, a detection of the way burial practices constituted means for the configuration of social organization in Thessaly during this period is attempted. The analysis showed that towards the end of the Middle Bronze Age competitive social groups existed in Thessaly, using burial practices as means for shaping and establishing their social role. These social groups, following the sociopolitical developments in Southern Greece, achieve later, at the Late Bronze Age, the higher level of social hierarchy.
Localizing fractional quasiparticles on graphene quantum hall antidots
Creators: name: Mills, Scott M.
name: Averin, Dmitri V.
name: Du, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report localization of fractional quantum Hall (QH) quasiparticles on graphene antidots. By studying coherent tunneling through the localized QH edge modes on the antidot, we measured the QH quasiparticle charges to be approximately $\pm e/3$ at fractional fillings of $ν= \pm 1/3$. The Dirac spectrum in graphene allows large energy scales and robust quasiparticle localization against thermal excitation. The capability of localizing fractional quasiparticles on QH antidots brings promising opportunities for realizing anyon braiding and novel quantum electronics.
An annotated translation and study of Chapters on Awakening to the Real (ca. 1061): attributed to Zhang Boduan (ca. 983-1081)
Creators: name: Crowe, Paul B. M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The Wuzhen pian (Chapters on Awakening to the Real), composed by Zhang Boduan during the Northern Song dynasty (960-1127), is one of the most important texts describing the Taoist method of cultivation known as neidan (inner alchemy). Neidan texts, including the Wuzhen plan, contain a complex array of symbols which draws on sources such as waidan (outer alchemy), the Yijing (Book of Changes), and the wuxing (five phases) in addition to earlier Taoist texts. One of the most influential representations of neidan literature is found in volume five of Joseph Needham's monumental reference work, Science and Civilisation in China. It is held here that this representation, while rich in detail, is flawed in its portrayal of the neidan process of cultivation. Needham and his colleagues present neidan as a form of proto-science which is concerned almost exclusively with physiological processes. An argument is made for understanding the Wuzhen pian, which is taken as representative of neidan literature in general, as primarily a spiritual document detailing a process which leads to an experience of enlightenment and transcendence rather than as a chapter of early proto-chemistry in the story of the evolution of modern science. This argument is based on the author's annotated translation of the edition of the Wuzhen pian found in the Xiuzhen shishu (Ten Compilations on the Cultivation of Perfection). The annotation pays close attention to the various commentaries included in this edition of the text as well as the other editions found in the Daozang (Taoist Canon). The main argument and the translation are preceded by a discussion of Zhang Boduan's (ca. 983-1081) life which is based on the hagiographic materials found in the Daozang and several gazetteers. A summary of the various major influences on the text and an overview its structure has also been included.
Ψηφιακές υπογραφές και παραγοντοποίηση ακεραίων
Creators: name: Χατζηγεωργίου Αικατερίνη Ιωάννη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Ψηφιακή υπογραφή
Παραγοντοποίηση
Αλγόριθμος
Επαλήθευση
Ασφάλεια
Digital signatures
Factorization
Algorithm
Verification
Security

description: Μέχρι το 1976 η κρυπτογραφία ήταν η επιστήμη που ασχολούνταν με τηνασφαλή μετάδοση μηνυμάτων. Το 1976 ωστόσο ο Whitfield Diffie και ο MartinHellman περιέγραψαν μία διαδικασία, αποτελούμενη από τρεις αλγόριθμους, ηοποία θα παρείχε την δυνατότητα υπογραφής ενός ηλεκτρονικού μηνύματος μετέτοιο τρόπο ώστε να διατηρούνται τα προνόμια της χειρόγραφης υπογραφής.Έτσι η ακεραιότητα, η αυθεντικότητα και η μη αποκήρυξη ενός μηνύματοςάρχισαν να αποτελούν πλέον ζητήματα της επιστήμης της κρυπτογραφίας εξίσουσημαντικά όπως και η ασφαλής μετάδοση. Το 1978 παρουσιάζεται για πρώτηφορά η υλοποίηση της παραπάνω διαδικασίας και γίνεται γνωστό με το όνομαRSA το πρώτο σχήμα που παράγει ψηφιακές υπογραφές. Από τότε μέχρι σήμεραέχουν δημιουργηθεί πάρα πολλά σχήματα.Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία είναι χωρισμένη σε τρία κεφάλαια. Στοπρώτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζονται βασικά στοιχεία από τη θεωρία αριθμών και τηνάλγεβρα. Το δεύτερο κεφάλαιο είναι μία εισαγωγή στις βασικές έννοιες τωνψηφιακών υπογραφών και στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζονται δεκαέξι γνωστάσχήματα. Η παρουσίαση κάθε σχήματος περιλαμβάνει την πλήρη περιγραφή τωντριών αλγορίθμων που το συνθέτουν, σχόλια για την ασφάλεια του σχήματος καιένα παράδειγμα με μικρές παραμέτρους ώστε να γίνει πιο κατανοητός ο τρόποςλειτουργίας του. Το παράρτημα είναι αφιερωμένο στην νομοθεσία περί τωνψηφιακών υπογραφών.
description: Up to 1976, cryptography’s main subject was to safely transport messages. In1976 Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman described a procedure, based on threealgorithms that would provide the means of signing an electronic message. Since1976, data integrity, authenticity and non-reputation became subjects ofcryptography as important as safe transport. In 1978 this procedure wasimplemented and became known as RSA, the first scheme that produces digitalsignatures. Since then many schemes have been developed by the scientificcommunity.This thesis is comprised of three chapters. The first chapter includes somemain theoretical prerequisites from number theory and algebra. The secondchapter is an introduction to the main notions of digital signatures, while in thethird chapter sixteen digital signature schemes are presented. The presentationof each scheme includes the full description of the three algorithms that isincorporates, some comments on its safety and an example. The appendixpresents the legislation concerning digital signatures.
The Longstaff--Schwartz algorithm for Lévy models: Results on fast and slow convergence
Creators: name: Gerhold, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the Longstaff--Schwartz algorithm for American option pricing assuming that both the number of regressors and the number of Monte Carlo paths tend to infinity. Our main results concern extensions, respectively, applications of results by Glasserman and Yu [Ann. Appl. Probab. 14 (2004) 2090--2119] and Stentoft [Manag. Sci. 50 (2004) 1193--1203] to several Lévy models, in particular the geometric Meixner model. A convenient setting to analyze this convergence problem is provided by the Lévy--Sheffer systems introduced by Schoutens and Teugels.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AAP704 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
MPEC 2024-A51 : 2013 NF19
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Οντολογία βιογραφικών γεγονότων: πρόταση τρόπου αναπαράστασης, αποθήκευσης, ελέγχου πρόσβασης και ανάκτησης των σχετικών δεδομένων
Creators: name: Καργιώτη, Ελένη Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Σημασιολογικά wikis
Διαχείριση προσωπικής γνώσης
Σημασιολογικός ιστός
Παγκόσμιος ιστός 2.0
Οντολογία Friend of a friend (Foaf)
Wikis
Semantic wikis
Personal knowledge management
Semantic web
Friend of a friend (Foaf) ontology
Web 2.0

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία μοντελοποιεί σε μια οντολογία το πεδίο των βιογραφικών γεγονότων του ατόμου και προτείνει ένα εργαλείο λογισμικού που υποστηρίζει αποτελεσματικά την αναπαράσταση, αποθήκευση, ανάκτηση και έλεγχο πρόσβασης των περιεχομένων της οντολογίας. Το ευρύ πεδίο της οντολογίας περιγράφεται πλήρως μεν αλλά όχι εξαντλητικά μέσω της γλώσσας ορισμού οντολογιών OWl Full και επεκτείνοντας την οντότητα Person της κοινώς αποδεκτής οντολογίας Friend Of A Friend. Τα εργαλεία λογισμικού που ερευνώνται και αξιολογούνται είναι σημασιολογικά wikis, που τελευταία αναδύονται δυναμικά στο ερευνητικό πεδίο του Σημασιολογικού Ιστού. Η πρόταση των καταλληλότερων από αυτά προκύπτει τελικά από βιβλιογραφική συγκριτική αξιολόγηση βάσει κάποιων κριτηρίων, όσο και από την αξιολόγηση της συμπεριφοράς τους κατά την φιλοξενία της προτεινόμενης οντολογίας βιογραφικών γεγονότων.
description: The current thesis proposes an ontology for modeling the field of a person's biographical events and also a software tool, which allows to effectively model, store, edit and access the related semantically annotated content. The wide field of biographical events is covered completely enough but not exhaustively using the OWL Full vocabulary and extending the entity Person as defined in the commonly accepted Friend Of A Friend ontology. Semantic wikis are chosen as the software tools to investigate and evaluate, which are considered a latest trend of the Semantic Web. Various Semantic Wikis are evaluated in two phases. First according to criteria based on literature review and then with "hands-on" experience on how effectively they can host semantically annotated content by the proposed ontology.
title: 3D cold pressure welded components – From the bonding mechanisms to the production of high strength joints
Creators: name: Gerlitzky, C.
name: Kuhn, C.
name: Groche, P.
name: Tran, T.H.
name: Zhang, S.
name: Peter, N.J.
name: Rohwerder, M.
Publisher: name: Wiley-VCH
Year: 2024

description: In this work, a comprehensive analysis of the bonding mechanism involved in the formation of highly stable cold pressure welded aluminum‐steel components is presented. After identification of relevant process steps to realize bonding the process is modified. Focusing on surface preparation methods, systematic manipulations are employed to identify the relevant parameters promoting the bond formation. The analysis is carried out by tensile stress testing of micro and macro samples as well as high resolution imaging of the joint zone. The results are enables in a deeper understanding of the bonding mechanism.
Transition paths of marine debris and the stability of the garbage patches
Creators: name: Miron, P.
name: Beron-Vera, F. J.
name: Helfmann, L.
name: Koltai, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used transition path theory (TPT) to infer "reactive" pathways of floating marine debris trajectories. The TPT analysis was applied on a pollution-aware time-homogeneous Markov chain model constructed from trajectories produced by satellite-tracked undrogued buoys from the NOAA Global Drifter Program. The latter involved coping with the openness of the system in physical space, which further required an adaptation of the standard TPT setting. Directly connecting pollution sources along coastlines with garbage patches of varied strengths, the unveiled reactive pollution routes represent alternative targets for ocean cleanup efforts. Among our specific findings we highlight: constraining a highly probable pollution source for the Great Pacific Garbage Patch; characterizing the weakness of the Indian Ocean gyre as a trap for plastic waste; and unveiling a tendency of the subtropical gyres to export garbage toward the coastlines rather than to other gyres in the event of anomalously intense winds.
description: Submitted to Chaos
Damagnetization cooling of a gas
Creators: name: Fattori, M.
name: Koch, T.
name: Goetz, S.
name: Griesmaier, A.
name: Hensler, S.
name: Stuhler, J.
name: Pfau, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate demagnetization cooling of a gas of ultracold $^{52}$Cr atoms. Demagnetization is driven by inelastic dipolar collisions which couple the motional degrees of freedom to the spin degree. By that kinetic energy is converted into magnetic work with a consequent temperature reduction of the gas. Optical pumping is used to magnetize the system and drive continuous demagnetization cooling. Applying this technique, we can increase the phase space density of our sample by one order of magnitude, with nearly no atom loss. This method can be in principle extended to every dipolar system and could be used to achieve quantum degeneracy via optical means.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Η συμβολή των εκκλησιαστικών πατέρων Μεγάλου Βασιλείου και Αγίου Γρηγορίου Νύσσης στο διάλογο φιλοσοφίας, θεολογίας και επιστήμης
Creators: name: Φράγκατζης, Δημήτριος Ιωάννη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Μέγας Βασίλειος
subject: Αγιος Γρηγόριος Νύσσης
subject: Καππαδόκες πατέρες
subject: Φιλοσοφία
subject: Θεολογία
subject: Επιστήμη
subject: St. Basil the Great
subject: St. Gregory of Nyssa
subject: Cappadocian fathers
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Theology
subject: Science

description: Στην παρούσα εργασία αναδείξαμε καταρχήν, την αναγκαιότητα για έναν τέτοιου είδους διάλογο. Ερευνήσαμε το γεγονός της χριστιανικής Πίστης και τονίσαμε ότι αυτή δεν είναι αποτέλεσμα ούτε φόβου, ούτε ανάγκης, ούτε πνευματικής αναζήτησης, ούτε απλώς ζήτημα πίστης "εμπορικής". Παρουσιάσαμε, κυρίως, τον ρηξικέλευθο και καινοτόμο διαχωρισμό των πάντων στις οντολογικές κατηγορίες του Ακτίστου και του Κτιστού, που εισαγάγουν οι Καππαδόκες Πατέρες. Βασική συνέπεια αυτού, είναι το αδύνατο της γνώσεως της ουσίας του Θεού. Με τον συνδυασμό των Καππαδοκικών θέσεων και των άθεων φιλοσόφων καταλήξαμε σ'αυτό που ονομάσαμε "απόλυτο γνωσιολογικό αδιέξοδο". Ακόμη, ερευνήσαμε τη θεώρηση του Κτιστού κατά τους Καππαδόκες Πατέρες και ονοματίσαμε τη θεωρία τους ως "Καππαδοκικό Ρεαλισμό". Τέλος, επισημάναμε την υιοθέτηση του αριστοτελικού σχήματος "δυνάμει είναι" - "ενεργεία είναι" και την εκλεπτυσμένη χρήση του προκειμένου να ερμηνευθεί ο κτιστός κόσμος, που διακρίνεται από τους Καππαδόκες σε τέσσερα οντολογικά επίπεδα : το "μη ον", το "δυνάμει είναι", το "ενεργεία είναι" και το "ευ είναι". Στην κατάσταση του "δυνάμει είναι" μπορούμε να συστοιχίσουμε τις ανακαλύψεις της Σύγχρονης Φυσικής όπως πολύ πετυχημένα, πιστεύουμε, ότι πραγματοποιεί η καθηγήτρια Δημ. Σφενδόνη-Μίτζου.
description: Firstly in this thesis we tried to show the necessity of such work. We investigated the fact of the Christian faith and we declared that this is not a product of fear, necessity, spiritual seeking or "trading" faith. We presented, mainly, the innovating and radical separation of everything in the ontological categories of the "Uncreated" and the "Created", which is introduced by the Cappadocian Fathers. The main consequence of this separation is the incomprehensible of the essence of God. Trough the ideas and positions of many famous atheist philosophers and the Cappadocian bishops resulted what it was named "absolute gnosiological impasse". Evenmore, we researched the concept of the "Created" according to Cappadocian Fathers and we called their theory "Cappadocian Realism". Finally, we pinpointed the adoption of the Aristotelic pattern "δυνάμει είναι" - "ενεργεία είναι" and its refined use, as an attempt to explain the created world, which is discerned by the Cap. infofai ontological stages : "the nom being", "the potential being", "active being" and the "well being".
title: Sapphische Ode, wodurch dem Wohlgebohrnen und Hochgelahrten Herrn, Herrn Johann George Estorn, Jhro Königliche Maiestät in Schweden Hochverordneten Vicecanzlarn ...
Creators: name: Ihringk, Dietrich Christoph
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: Personalschrift
Generalities, Science
Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: Elektronische Reproduktion von: Sapphische Ode, wodurch dem Wohlgebohrnen und Hochgelahrten Herrn, Herrn Johann George Estorn, Jhro Königliche Maiestät in Schweden Hochverordneten Vicecanzlarn bey der Hessischen Universität Marburg zu de dieser neuerhaltenen Würde seinem ganz gehorsamsten Glückwunsch abstattet / Diederich Christoph Jhringk. - Marburg : bey Philipp Casimir Müllern, Univ. Buchdr., 1748. - 8 Seiten ; 4°. - 
Standort: Universität Marburg, Universitätsbibliothek. - 
Signatur: VIII B 331 db, 6. - 
Bemerkungen: 
(Hassiaca)

Digitalisiert 2024
Paradigmi, Spie e Fallacie
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Questa è una raccolta di appunti per sviluppare una discussione sui vari aspetti dei paradigmi nelle scienze. Si amplia con spie e fallacie. Del paradigma indiziario ne parla Carlo Ginzburg. Si vedranno poi le fallacie, e come si arrivi ai topoi retorici, con uso di versi celebri, proverbi, favole e parabole. Incontreremo anche Ignazio di Loyola, in relazione all'argumentum ad baculum.
title: Als der Wohlgeborne und Hochgelehrte Herr, Herr Johann George Estor, Königlich Schwedischer Hochfürstlich Heßischer Regierungs Rath, ...
Creators: name: Plitt, Johann Jakob
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: Personalschrift
Generalities, Science
Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: Elektronische Reproduktion von: Als der Wohlgeborne und Hochgelehrte Herr, Herr Johann George Estor, Königlich Schwedischer Hochfürstlich Heßischer Regierungs Rath, wie auch öffentliche Lehrer der Rechte, zum Vicecanzler auf der Hohen Schule zu Marburg ernannt wurde, stattete seinen Glückwunsch in einer Horazischen Ode gehorsamst ab / M. Johann Jacob Plitt. - Marburg : bey Philipp Casimir Müller, Univ. Buchdr., 1748. - 8 Seiten ; 4°. - 
Standort: Universität Marburg, Universitätsbibliothek. - 
Signatur: VIII B 331 db, 6. - 
Bemerkungen: 
(Hassiaca)

Digitalisiert 2024
Direct low temperature oxidation of methane to methanol via copper zeolite materials
Creators: name: Eva Schaller, Barbara
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This work investigated the development of a material and system suitable for direct low temperature (200 °C) oxidation of methane to methanol under ambient conditions with molecular oxygen. The approach was inspired by an enzymatic system, the methane mono oxygenase, which utilises iron or copper complexes for this reaction. It was found that zeolite structures ion-exchanged with copper or iron can facilitate similar structures to those found in those enzymatic systems. To create such complexes, different precursor salts and zeolites were tested alongside different preparation techniques and processing parameters. The effects of each parameter were investigated and optimised. The thesis is split up into four research chapters:“Effects of Material Preparation Techniques”: Three different hydrated copper(II) precursor salts were tested (sulphate, nitrate and acetate form). Three different aqueous ion-exchange procedures were studied: single ion exchange, single ion exchange with pH modification and multi-ion exchange. Solids prepared using copper acetate achieved highest copper loading and best methane activation performance. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the multi-ion exchanged material formed more active sites for methane activation compared to pH modified materials despite similar copper loading.“Effects of Zeolite Supports”: Three different zeolites multi-ion exchanged with copper acetate were tested: mordenite, ZSM-5 and zeolite Beta. The materials prepared with mordenite led to the highest product formation and showed on XPS studies the highest formation of active Cu(II) species.“Influence of Material Pre-treatment on Methane at Low Activation Temperatures”: calcination and activation atmosphere and time as well as reaction and desorption temperatures were optimised. Cyclic testing was shown to be successful and reaction mechanisms were proposed. An optimal parameter processing window was identified.“Bimetallic and Iron Materials”: The copper containing enzymatic system contains zinc, therefore bi-metallic materials containing both were prepared. Zinc only materials were in-active. However, when zinc added in small doses to copper exchanged zeolites, an increase in product formation occurred. A proposed mechanism suggests that adding zinc may break up inactive copper clusters to smaller active copper sites. The prepared iron materials were not successful.
Playing with power : a strengths-based approach to local economic development in the Philippines
Creators: name: Cahill, Amanda
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: HC460.E44 C34 2010
subject: Jagna Community Partnering Project
subject: Economic development projects Philippines Bohol Island
subject: Community development Philippines Bohol Island
subject: Bohol Island (Philippines) Politics and government

description: This thesis explores the contested nature of power relations in community development. It draws on an ethnographic account of the Jagna Community Partnering Project (JCPP) implemented on the island province of Bohol in the Philippines to stimulate local economic development. The project applied post-development principles using participatory, strengths-based and action research approaches that built on informal economic practices to establish community enterprises. Through this process, the JCPP disrupted the hegemony of local development discourses, catalysing profound changes in the lives of project participants who moved from perceiving themselves as passive and dependent recipients of development to self-reliant and active decision-makers. This thesis examines the varied, complex and sometimes hidden ways participants exercised the power available to them in both formal and informal arenas to create alternative development pathways aligned with their own interests and agendas. Drawing attention to the multiple and often contradictory ways in which different development actors are simultaneously enabled and constrained in any given moment, this place-based analysis offers a nuanced conceptualisation of power as more dynamic than general accounts of Philippine politics often suggest. Findings raise questions about the assumption commonly held by policy makers that capitalist economic development will inevitably expand the power and influence of marginalised groups and show how informal economic practices can provide a platform for individual and collective action.
title: Als Se. Magnificenz der bisherige Geheime Regierungsrath und Vicekanzler Herr Johann Georg Estor die Würde eines Geheimen Rath und Canzlers der Universität Marburg erhielt bezeugte seine ehrfruchtsvolle Freude
Creators: name: Weldige, Christian Ernst Immanuel
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: Personalschrift
Generalities, Science
Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: Elektronische Reproduktion von: Als Se. Magnificenz der bisherige Geheime Regierungsrath und Vicekanzler Herr Johann Georg Estor die Würde eines Geheimen Rath und Canzlers der Universität Marburg erhielt bezeugte seine ehrfruchtsvolle Freude / C.E.J. Weldige. - Marburg : gedruckt mit Müllerischen Schriften, 1769. - 4 ungezählte Seiten. - 
Standort: Universität Marburg, Universitätsbibliothek. - 
Signatur: VIII B 331 db, 6. - 
Bemerkungen: Umlaute im Text mit übergestelltem e dargestellt
. - 
(Hassiaca)

Digitalisiert 2024
Subjects, slaves, and rebels: the invisible Indio In Cuba, 1750-1895
Creators: name: Young, Kevin Champion
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: For over four centuries, Cuba was the ultimate destination for countless thousands of island and mainland indigenes transported from throughout the hemisphere as allies, exiles, and slaves, adding to the native indigenous population of the island. In many cases, their paths – and the often tragic circumstances for their departures – are generally known up to their points of embarkation. While these migrations have been the subject of recent scholarship in World, Atlantic, New Conquest, New Indian, and Latin American and Caribbean Histories using transnational, regional, and comparative approaches, few studies have followed these people to their destinations in island homes and convents, presidios, pueblos, plantations, and palenques. Despite their various origins and ethnicities, all of these indigenes were reduced to the monolithic perennial Other of Hispanic colonization, rendered invisible as amorphous, anonymous indios, subsumed in Eurocentrist colonial chronicles and liberal nationalist myths of extinction and mestizaje, and ultimately as romantic symbols of the past that ignored or erased modern indigenous survival, both physical and cultural. Colonists and creoles in Cuba were always dependent on the allied indigenous population for defense and subsistence; captive indio laborers built the island; and indigenous loyalists and rebels figured prominently in the nineteenth century wars of independence. Based on published scholarship and original research into archival sources, this dissertation follows immigrant and native indigenes chronologically and thematically through major transformative junctures of the early and late colonial periods, in which they played significant roles that are only now being examined by Cuban historians. Using local and microhistorical approaches framed within regional contexts, I develop new insights into their diverse social, political, and economic lives in the eastern region of Cuba in selected pueblos established during the Bourbon Reforms Second Conquest, and map their evolution through the Constitutional Reform period, the rise of Second Slavery plantation society, and ultimately the wars of independence, when creole nationalists supplanted the indio as the new indigenes. Finally, I discuss the role of the Cuban indio in indigenous revival throughout the Taíno Antilles and cis-Caribbean region. American Indians were never extinct in Cuba, and their heterogeneity provides a living legacy that has been the bedrock of Cuban culture throughout the island’s history.
Χρώμα, αντοχή και ταυτοποίηση χρωστικών της παραδοσιακής υφαντουργίας.Κόκκινες και κίτρινες
Creators: name: Ζαρκογιάννη, Μαρία Χρήστου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Φυσικές χρωστικές
Μαλλί-βαμβάκι
Ριζάρι
Υγρή χρωματογραφία υψηλής απόδοσης
Ταυτοποίηση
Ιδιότητες αντοχών
Natural dyes
Wool cotton
Madder
Hplc
Identification
Fastness properties

description: Στην παρούσα εργασία πραγματοποιήθηκε η βαφή μάλλινων και βαμβακερών ινών με επτά διαφορετικές χρωστικές της παραδοσιακής υφαντουργίας. Από αυτές οι έξι είναι φυτικές: ριζάρι (madder), χέννα (henna), άγχουσα (alkanna), αιματόξυλο (brazilwood), σανταλόξυλο (sandalwood), κνήκος (safflower) και μία είναι ζωική, η κογχινίλη (cochineal).Μελετήθηκαν και αποτιμήθηκαν οι βαφικές ιδιότητες υδατικών εκχυλισμάτων των παραπάνω χρωστικών, καθώς και οι ιδιότητες αντοχής στην υγρή κατεργασία, στο φως, στην υγρή και ξηρή τριβή των βαμμένων μάλλινων και βαμβακερών ινών απευθείας και μετά από κατεργασία με προστύμματα. Η πρόστυψη, διαδικασία που στοχεύει στη βελτίωση της βαφής και της αντοχής των βαμμένων ινών σε διάφορες κατεργασίες, αλλά και στην επίτευξη πολλών αποχρώσεων,έγινε με τα εξής προστύμματα: στυπτηρία, SnCl2, στυπτηρία:SnCl2(4:1), K2Cr2O7, CuSO4, ZnCl2, FeCl3, FeSO4. Στην περίπτωση των βαμβακερών πραγματοποιήθηκε και μια ειδική πρόστυψη που περιλαμβάνει μια αρχική πρόστυψη με στυπτηρία και μια δεύτερη με K2Cr2O7. Έγινε επίσης μέτρηση του χρώματος των βαμμένων απευθείας και μετά από πρόστυψη δειγμάτων και αποτιμήθηκε η επίδραση της πρόστυψης στην αλλαγή της χροιάς τους.Τέλος, πραγματοποιήθηκε ποιοτική και ποσοτική ανάλυση γνωστών και αγνώστου δείγματος με Υγρή Χρωματογραφία Υψηλής Απόδοσης (HPLC) και micro-FTIR.
description: In the present work the dyeing of wool and cotton samples with seven traditional dyes was made. The dyes are: madder, henna, alkanna, brazilwood, sandalwood, safflower and cochineal.Dyeing properties and wash, light and rub fastness properties of the cotton and wool samples, dyed directly or after mordanting were measured and estimated. The following metallic salts were used as mordants: KAl(SO4)2∙12H2O, SnCl2, KAl(SO4)2∙12H2O:SnCl2(4:1), K2Cr2O7, CuSO4, ZnCl2, FeCl3, FeSO4, KAl(SO4)2∙12H2O- K2Cr2O7(cotton samples).Colour measurements of the directly dyed samples were measured and compared to those dyed after mordanting.Finally qualitative and quantitative analysis of known samples and an unknown sample was made using HPLC and micro-FTIR.
Ο J. Locke και η κριτική του Leibniz
Creators: name: Σαρηπανίδου, Μαρία Ιορδάνη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Γνώση και ιδέες
Σωματικές και πνευματικές ουσίες
Αισθητηριακή αντίληψη
Ενορατική γνώση
Αθανασία της ψυχής
Η έννοια του εγώ
Knowledge
Immateriality
Personal identity
Physical and spiritual substances
Energy
Ideas

description: Η εργασία πραγματεύεται τις θέσεις δυο φιλοσόφων , του Locke και του Leibniz πάνω στο ζήτημα της γνώσης. Ο Locke, ως εκπρόσωπος του εμπειρισμού, στο έργο του Δοκίμιο για την ανθρώπινη Νόηση , θεωρεί πως ο νους είναι ένας άγραφος χάρτης, μια tabula rasa , και οι ιδέες μας προέρχονται από την εμπειρία, την οποία διακρίνει σε εξωτερική και εσωτερική. Ο άγγλος φιλόσοφος ασχολείται επιπλέον με το ζήτημα της ουσίας , η οποία πιστεύει πως είναι ασαφής και χωρίς συγκεκριμένο περιεχόμενο. Ο εμπειρισμός όμως του Locke προκαλεί το γερμανό φιλόσοφο Leibniz, ο οποίος για να τον συμπληρώσει, γράφει το έργο νέα Δοκίμια για την ανθρώπινη νόηση το οποίο περιέχει τις δικές του απόψεις πάνω στο ζήτημα της γνώσης. Ισχυρίζεται ενάντια στον Locke ότι ο νους είναι η πραγματική πηγή της γνώσης και ολες οι ιδέες και οι αλήθειες που έχουμε για την πραγματικότητα είναι έμφυτες. Επιπλέον πιστεύει πως η ψυχή είναι μια απλή και γι αυτό αϋλη και αθάνατη ουσία.
description: The text deals with the opinions of two philosophers, Locke and Leibniz, about the knowledge. Locke, as an empiricist, in his work „An Essay Concerning Human Understanding“ believes the mind is an unwritten map, a tabula rasa, and our ideas come from experience, that he distinguishes in Sensation and Reflection. The English philosopher deals also with the problem of substance, which for Locke is unclear and without a specific content. But Locke´s empiricism challenge the German philosopher Leibniz and he writes „New Essays on Human Understanding“, which contents his own thoughts about the knowledge. Leibniz maintains against Locke that the mind is the real source of knowleldge and our ideas and truths about the reality are innate. Also he believes that the soul is a simple and, for this reason, unsubstantial and immortal substance.
Vector Theory of Gravity
Creators: name: Borodikhin, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We proposed a gravitation theory based on an analogy with electrodynamics on the basis of a vector field. For the first time, to calculate the basic gravitational effects in the framework of a vector theory of gravity, we use a Lagrangian written with gravitational radiation neglected and generalized to the case of ultra-relativistic speeds. This allows us to accurately calculate the values of all three major gravity experiments: the values of the perihelion shift of Mercury, the light deflection angle in the gravity field of the Sun and the value of radar echo delay. The calculated values coincide with the observed ones. It is shown that, in this theory, there exists a model of an expanding Universe.
description: 9 pages
Open Science o proprietà intellettuale? Il caso dei brevetti universitari sui vaccini
Creators: name: Caso, Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Unviersità
Proprietà intellettuale
Brevetti
Farmaci
Vaccini
Trasferimento Tecnologico
Open Science
Scienza Aperta

description: Nel campo dei farmaci e dei vaccini mercato e proprietà intellettuale non funzionano. Non garantiscono il diritto umano alla salute, provocano diseguaglianze e ingiustizie, inducono la formazione di monopoli, non generano tutta l'innovazione necessaria, si basano su opacità e conflitti di interesse. Nel rapporto tra ricerca pubblica e società i brevetti universitari su farmaci e vaccini giocano un ruolo importante. La tesi presentata in questo seminario è la seguente: il compito dell'università non è quello di chiudere la conoscenza attraverso la proprietà intellettuale su beni essenziali quali i vaccini, ma di praticare la scienza aperta
description: https://www.robertocaso.it/2022/03/15/open-science-o-proprieta-intellettuale-il-caso-dei-brevetti-universitari-sui-vaccini/
title: Ode als Seine Excellenz Herr Johann George Estor zum Geheimden Rath und Kanzler ernannt wurde
Creators: name: Reichel, Johannes Christoph
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: Generalities, Science
Allgemeines, Wissenschaft
Personalschrift

description: Elektronische Reproduktion von: Ode als Seine Excellenz Herr Johann George Estor zum Geheimden Rath und Kanzler ernannt wurde / von Johann Christoph Reichel. - [Marburg] : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar], 1768. - 4 ungezählte Seiten. - 
Standort: Universität Marburg, Universitätsbibliothek. - 
Signatur: VIII B 331 db, 6. - 
Bemerkungen: 
(Hassiaca)

Digitalisiert 2024
Index matching computerized tomography
Creators: name: Daley, Vincent
name: Paetkau, Owen
name: Paetkau, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Computerized tomography (CT) has been used for decades by medical professionals to detect and diagnose injuries and ailments. CT scanners are based on interesting physics, but due to their bulk, cost, and safety, hands on experience with a medical CT scanner is unrealistic for undergraduate students. Therefore, operationally similar, yet small, safe, and inexpensive CT scanners are desirable teaching tools. This project details the development of a novel model CT scanning apparatus. The experimental setup presented utilizes visible light, has short data acquisition time, and operates on the same physics as its X-ray counterpart. The apparatus employs a laser and a photodiode to image a transparent material, while avoiding loss of transmitted intensity through index of refraction matching. A simple back-projection algorithm results in a 2D cross section of the scan object. We found we could collect data and reliably image samples in 15 min.
description: This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in American Journal of Physics 89, 220 (2021) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1119/10.0002410
title: Le Mérite Couronné Chanté, Lorsque Sa Magnificence Monsieur ... Jean George Estor fut revêtu des hautes ...
Creators: name: Speck, Jean Gabriel
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: Personalschrift
Generalities, Science
Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: Elektronische Reproduktion von: Le Mérite Covronné Chanté, Lorsqve Sa Magnificence Monsievr ... Jean George Estor Fvt Revêtv Des Havtes Dignités De Conseiller Privé De S.A.S. Monseignevr Le Landgrave De Hesse, Et De Chancelier De L' Vniversité De Marbovrg / par Jean Gabriel Speck ... - [Marbourg] : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar], 1768. - 4 ungezählte Seiten. - 
Standort: Universität Marburg, Universitätsbibliothek. - 
Signatur: VIII B 331 db, 6. - 
Werktitel: Le Mérite Couronné Chanté, Lorsque Sa Magnificence Monsieur ... Jean George Estor fut revêtu des hautes ... - 
Anmerkung: Erscheinungsort dem Text entnommen . - (Hassiaca)

Digitalisiert 2024
Control of heart rate in voluntarily diving ducks
Creators: name: McPhail, Lowell Thomas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Heart rate in response to natural and induced changes in power output as well as the autonomic nervous control of heart rate were investigated in ducks diving voluntarily. Adult lesser scaup (Aythya affinis), were trained to dive in an indoor tank to obtain food. Heart rate was monitored using telemetry, and was determined for some or all of the following phases of a dive: predive, descent, feeding, ascent and postdive. Heart rate was found to be unaffected by changes in power output during the various dive phases. Power output by the ducks during a dive was decreased when the duck's buoyancy was reduced 41% by injecting 0.10 kg mercury (Hg) into a small bag implanted in the duck's peritoneal cavity. Calculated mechanical power output during the feeding phase of the dive was reduced 61% by the addition of Hg. Heart rate was collected before the addition of Hg, with the Hg in place and after the removal of the Hg. No significant differences in diving heart rate were observed between ducks with or without Hg in the bag. However leg beat frequency during the feeding phase was significantly reduced after filling the bag, concluding that the level of power output during diving in ducks has little influence on heart rate. To study the autonomic control of heart rate, adult lesser scaup {Aythya affinis), were injected with the (3-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol (N=3), the muscarinic blocker atropine, the (3-adrenergic blocker nadolol and a combination of both atropine and nadolol (N=5). An injection of saline was used as a control treatment. The reduction in heart rate normally seen during the dive was abolished with atropine demonstrating the importance of parasympathetic control of cardiovascular changes during diving. Nadolol reduced heart rate during all phases of the dive; predive, dive and postdive, whereas after isoproterenol heart rate was increased during all phases of the dive indicating that sympathetic output to the heart does not collapse during diving. The increase in heart rate as a result of injection of isoproterenol was not as high during the dive compared with the other phases of the dive cycle. These results suggest that a partial accentuated antagonism is present in ducks so the parasympathetic system predominates in the control of heart during diving despite the maintenance of efferent sympathetic influences to the heart.
title: Dissertatio II. epistolaris gratulatoria religionem coactionis neciam sistens viro Joanni Georgio Estor, serenissimi ducis Saxo-Isenacensis consiliario ...,
Creators: name: Cappelmann, Johann Matthias
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: Personalschrift
Generalities, Science
Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: Elektronische Reproduktion von: Dissertatio II. epistolaris gratulatoria religionem coactionis neciam sistens viro Joanni Georgio Estor, serenissimi ducis Saxo-Isenacensis consiliario ..., quum prorectoratum academ. Jenensis auspicatissime 1737 mens. Febr. susciperet ea, qua par est, observantia ac pietate oblata / Auctore Joanne Matthia Cappelmanno Lippstad. - Halae Magdeb. : Hendel, 1737. - Seite [15] - 28. - 
Standort: Universität Marburg, Universitätsbibliothek. - 
Signatur: VIII B 331 db, 6. - 
Bemerkungen: 
(Hassiaca)

Digitalisiert 2024
Variety of scenarios of the magnetic exchange response in topological insulators
Creators: name: Nechaev, I. A.
name: Krasovskii, E. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an ab initio relativistic k.p theory of the effect of magnetic exchange field on the band structure in the gap region of bulk crystals and thin films of three-dimensional layered topological insulators. For the field perpendicular to the layers (along $z$), we reveal novel unconventional scenarios of the response of the band-gap edges to the magnetization. The modification of the valence and conduction states is considered in terms of their $Γ$-point spin $s^z$ and total angular momentum $J^z$ on the atomic sites where the states are localized. The actual scenario depends on whether $s^z$ and $J^z$ have the same or opposite sign. In particular, the opposite sign for the valence state and the same sign for the conduction state give rise to an unconventional response in Bi$_2$Te$_3$ -- both in the bulk crystal and in ultra-thin films, which fundamentally distinguishes this topological insulator from Bi$_2$Se$_3$, where both states have the same sign. To gain a deeper insight into different scenarios in insulators with both inverted and non-inverted zero-field band structure, a minimal four-band third-order k.p model is constructed from first principles. Within this model, we analyze the field-induced band structure of the insulators and identify Weyl nodes that appear in a magnetic phase and behave differently depending on the scenario. We characterize the topology of the modified band structure by the Chern number $\mathcal{C}$ and find the unconventional response to be accompanied by a large Chern number $\mathcal{C}=\pm3$.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, and 7 tables
Μελέτη οικοδομικών πηλών από το νεολιθικό οικισμό Παλιαμπέλων Κολινδρού
Creators: name: Καλτσογιάννη, Στυλιανή Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Οικοδομικός πηλός
subject: Αρχιτεκτονική
subject: Νεολιθική εποχή
subject: Παλιάμπελα
subject: Οίκημα
subject: Κατασκευές
subject: Structural clay
subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Neolithic era
subject: Paliambela
subject: House
subject: Constructions

description: Αντικείμενο της εργασίας αποτελεί η προσέγγιση της αρχιτεκτονικής της Νεολιθικής εποχής ως προς ζητήματα υλικών και τεχνολογίας. Ως ειδικότερος στόχος της ορίζεται η αποκατάσταση της ανωδομής ενός νεολιθικού οικήματος, για την οποία οι πληροφορίες που συνήθως παραδίδονται στη βιβλιογραφία είναι περιορισμένες. Η προσπάθεια αυτή βασίζεται πρωτίστως στη μορφολογική μελέτη περισυλλεγμένων τμημάτων οικοδομικού πηλού, ενώ το δείγμα προέρχεται από τον νεολιθικό οικισμό Παλιαμπέλων Κολινδρού και αντλείται κατά κύριο λόγο από οίκημα της Μέσης Νεολιθικής. Γενικότερα, η αναλυτική επεξεργασία των οικοδομικών πηλών κινείται τόσο στην κατεύθυνση της κατασκευής, όσο και της οργάνωσης και χρήσης του χώρου, ενώ είναι ακόμη δυνατόν μέσα από τα κατάλοιπα αυτά να διερευνηθεί και το σύγχρονό τους τοπίο, αυτό που προσέφερε τα υλικά δόμησης και αυτό που διαμορφώθηκε πολιτισμικά από την οικοδόμηση του οικήματος και τη γενικότερη σύνθεση του οικισμού στον οποίο εντάχθηκε το οίκημα.
description: The subject of the study is the approach of the architecture of Neolithic era, regarding matters of materials and technology. As particular aim of it has been set the restoration of the superstructure of a neolithic house, about which the available bibliographical data are usualy limited. This particular attempts is primarily based on the morphological study of structural clay fragments: the sample is derived from the neolithic site Paliambela Kolindros, mainly from the context of a Middle Neolithic dwelling. In general, the thorough study of structural clay fragments touches both issues of construction and use of space, whereas it is even possible to investigate through them the contemporary landscape, which offered the structural material and which was culturally defined by the construction of the house and the overall synthesis of the settlement where the house belonged.
Στάσεις των εκπαιδευτικών της πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης προς τις τεχνολογίες της πληροφορίας και επικοινωνίας με κριτήριο το φύλο
Creators: name: Καλαϊτζίδου, Ελισάβετ Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Πρωτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση
Τεχνολογίες της πληροφορίας και της επικοινωνίας
Φύλο δασκάλων
Διαδίκτυο
Ηλεκτρονικός υπολογιστής
Νέες τεχνολογίες
Primary education
Information communication technology
Teacher gender
Internet
PC
New Technology

description: Η εργασία αυτή αναφέρεται στις στάσεις των εκπαιδευτικών της πρωτοβάθμιας Εκπαίδευσης προς τις Τεχνολογίες της Πληροφόρησης και Επικοινωνίας (ΤΠΕ) με κριτήριο το φύλο. Αρχικά στο Α' μέρος γίνεται μία περιγραφή των χαρακτηριστικών των ΤΠΕ και της σύνδεσής τους με το σύγχρονο σχολείο. Στη συνέχεια περιγράφεται η σχέση του φύλου των εκπαιδευτικών της Πρωτοβάθμιας Εκπαίδευσης με τις Νέες Τεχνολογίες και η σχετική βιβλιογραφία. Επιπροσθέτως στο Β' μέρος παρουσιάζεται η ερευνητική διδικασία και τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας, από τα οποία προκύπτει ότι δεν υπάρχουν στατιστικά σημαντικές διαφορές μεταξύ ανδρών και γυναικών δασκάλων στη γνώση και χρήση των Τ.Π.Ε. Οι διαφορές αυτές είναι ελάχιστες και για το ξεπέρασμά τους καθώς και την καλλιέργεια θετικών στάσεων των γυναικών εκπαιδευτικών ακολουθούν συγκεκριμένες προτάσεις.
description: This report is concerned with attitudes of teachers of primary education towards Information Communication Technology (ICT) with gender criterion. First of all, in part A' there is a description of the characteristics of ICT and connection with the contemporary school. Following, there is a description of gender association of educators of primary schools, with the ICT there is a presentation of the research procedure and it's results, from which there are no statistical important differences between the genders, as far as knowledge and use of ICT concerned. The differences are not so many and their overcoming as well as the cultivation of positive attitudes of female educators becomes specific proposals.
MPEC 2024-A52 : 2021 LJ4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.