cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Análisis de la efectividad de estrategias de prevención y control de sobrepeso y obesidad escolar. Revisión sistemática y metaanálisis.
Creators: name: Cid Márquez, Perla Del Carmen
name: Almeida Perales, Cristina
name: Franco Trejo, Christian S.
Publisher: name: IBN SINA
Year: 2022

description: Introducción: El sobrepeso y la obesidad son enfermedades reconocidas como problema de salud pública que demanda una atención especial y urgente dentro del Sistema de Salud. Las intervenciones educativas son una opción para la prevención y su control, sobre todo en etapa escolar. Objetivo: Analizar las estrategias de prevención y control de sobrepeso y obesidad a través de una revisión sistemática y metaanálitica. Materiales y Métodos: el metaanálisis se llevó a cabo utilizando datos transversales y estadísticos obtenidos de investigaciones seleccionadas para su análisis que permitieran determinar el tamaño efecto. Para la revisión de la literatura, la unidad de observación y análisis se enfocó a los artículos dirigidos a la población escolar que presentaran estrategias de intervención en la prevención y control del sobrepeso y la obesidad; estudios revisados por pares, publicaciones a partir del año 2016 hasta julio del 2021, en diversas bases de datos. Resultados: Mediante el diagrama de flujo PRISMA se seleccionaron n=7 artículos de tipo cuasiexperimental, de diversos países de origen con población de niños en edad escolar de 6 a 12 años. Se recopilaron estudios entre el periodo 2016-2019. Las investigaciones abordaron actividad física y complemento alimenticio con duración de 2 a 5 sesiones por semana con un total de 4 a 36 horas, de tipo grupal y uso de condiciones activas. Conclusiones: Tras realizar la revisión sistemática de estudios de intervención aplicados en el ámbito escolar, se encontró que la prevalencia de obesidad infantil fue alta, sin embargo, la aplicación de los programas de intervención de educación contribuye a reducir su prevalencia.
description: IBN SINA, Vol. 13 Núm. 2 (2022): Vol. 13, Núm. 2, agosto-diciembre, 2022
FACTORES DETERMINANTES PARA EL DESARROLLO DE DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2, EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS DE QUÍMICO FARMACÉUTICO BIÓLOGO DEL CAMPUS UAZ SIGLO XXI
Creators: name: Parga Castro, Maria Magdalena
name: Zamora, Pascual Gerardo García
Publisher: name: IBN SINA
Year: 2022

description: Introducción. La diabetes mellitus type 2 es una enfermedad que emerge en cualquier comunidad, tanto en aquellas de estratos altos, como en comunidades de escasos recursos cuyo sustento está basado en alimentos de alto contenido calórico y poco valor nutrimental, es un padecimiento cuya génesis es multifactorial. A pesar de los grandes esfuerzos que han realizado diversas organizaciones en conjunto, se ha visto que la enfermedad continúa un acelerado y alarmante aumento sobre todo en los países poco desarrollados. Objetivo. Evaluar los factores determinantes para el desarrollo de DM 2 en estudiantes universitarios de 22 a 24 años. Metodología. Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en una muestra de 72 alumnos seleccionados aleatoriamente. Se elaboró un instrumento en el que se recopilaron datos personales y factores como antecedentes hereditarios y estilos de vida. Los datos obtenidos se procesaron en el programa SPSS V. 21, para su análisis se estimó la frecuencia de factores de riesgo. Resultados. Se observó que de los 72 encuestados, el 6.9 por ciento tienen un alto riesgo por antecedentes familiares de padecer Diabetes Mellitus, un 40.0 por ciento, no practica ningún deporte y pasan más de tres horas sentados, sólo el 8.3 por ciento presentan hábitos alimenticios adecuados, el 55.5 por ciento dijeron si haber tenido que cambiar de lugar de residencia para realizar sus estudios universitarios. Conclusiones. Los múltiples factores que condicionan el desarrollo de DM 2 están presentes en jóvenes estudiantes en menor o mayor proporción y éstos contribuirán a aumentar el nivel de riesgo en el que se encuentra este grupo poblacional.
description: IBN SINA, Vol. 13 Núm. 2 (2022): Vol. 13, Núm. 2, agosto-diciembre, 2022
Feature Selection Approaches for Optimising Music Emotion Recognition Methods
Creators: name: Cai, Le
name: Ferguson, Sam
name: Lu, Haiyan
name: Fang, Gengfa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The high feature dimensionality is a challenge in music emotion recognition. There is no common consensus on a relation between audio features and emotion. The MER system uses all available features to recognize emotion; however, this is not an optimal solution since it contains irrelevant data acting as noise. In this paper, we introduce a feature selection approach to eliminate redundant features for MER. We created a Selected Feature Set (SFS) based on the feature selection algorithm (FSA) and benchmarked it by training with two models, Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Random Forest (RF) and comparing them against with using the Complete Feature Set (CFS). The result indicates that the performance of MER has improved for both Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) models by using SFS. We found using FSA can improve performance in all scenarios, and it has potential benefits for model efficiency and stability for MER task.
Three-dimensional nonparaxial accelerating beams from the transverse Whittaker integral
Creators: name: Zhang, Yiqi
name: Belić, Milivoj R.
name: Zheng, Huaibin
name: Chen, Haixia
name: Li, Changbiao
name: Wang, Zhiguo
name: Zhang, Yanpeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate three-dimensional nonparaxial linear accelerating beams arising from the transverse Whittaker integral. They include different Mathieu, Weber, and Fresnel beams, among other. These beams accelerate along a semicircular trajectory, with almost invariant nondiffracting shapes. The transverse patterns of accelerating beams are determined by their angular spectra, which are constructed from the Mathieu functions, Weber functions, and Fresnel integrals. Our results not only enrich the understanding of multidimensional nonparaxial accelerating beams, but also display their real applicative potential -- owing to the usefulness of Mathieu and Weber functions, and Fresnel integrals in describing a wealth of wave phenomena in nature.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Psychological, peer, and family influences on smoking among an adolescent psychiatric sample
Creators: name: Uhl, Kristen M.
name: Wolff, Jennifer C.
name: Spirito, Anthony
name: Simon, Valerie
name: Nargiso, Jessica E.
name: Becker, Sara J.
name: Prinstein, Mitchell J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: While much is known about adolescent cigarette use and initiation in community samples, less is known about these factors among adolescents in clinic-referred populations or those with severe psychopathology. Data were collected from 106 adolescents aged 12 to 15 years (M = 13.6; SD = .74) recruited from a psychiatric inpatient facility. Hierarchical logistic regressions assessed the relationship between psychological, peer, and family environment factors and smoking at baseline and 18 months post-hospitalization. Conduct problem symptoms, friends’ cigarette use, and friends’ marijuana use were associated with greater odds of lifetime and current smoking at baseline, but not at follow-up. After accounting for the significant effect of baseline use, greater family conflict predicted decreased odds of having initiated smoking at the 18 month follow-up. The period following inpatient psychiatric hospitalization may represent an important window for smoking cessation and prevention efforts targeting peer and family factors, especially for youth with externalizing problems.
SEVERIDAD DEL EVENTO VASCULAR CEREBRAL Y FACTORES QUE LO CARACTERIZAN EN PACIENTES EGRESADOS DE UNA INSTITUCIÓN PUBLICA
Creators: name: González Jará, Pedro Antonio
name: Ruíz De Chávez Ramírez, Dellanira
Publisher: name: IBN SINA
Year: 2022

description: Introducción: El Evento Vascular Cerebral, es uno de los grandes problemas en el ámbito de la salud ya que el estado agudo de esta enfermedad y la aparición de secuelas que influyen en la morbi-mortalidad de la población adulta de ahí su importancia de valorar como generar una correcta recuperación del paciente al identificar cuáles son los factores que lo caracterizaran. Objetivo: Analizar las características sociales, laborales y clínicas según la severidad del EVC en pacientes de una institución pública. Material y método: EL estudio fue de tipo observacional, retrospectivo y prospectivo; como unidad de observación y análisis se consideró a pacientes con egreso hospitalario tras haber padecido un evento vascular cerebral (EVC) y ser atendidos en el Hospital General Zacatecas Luz González Cosío, se utilizó un cuestionario de elaboración propia que consta de 35 Ítems para conocer las variables de datos socio demográficos, situación laboral antes y después, la severidad de las secuelas del EVC, apoyo familiar y social, el apoyo médico , la incapacidad medida por la escala de Rankin; adaptado en google forms y analizado mediante el instrumento estadístico SPSS V. 22. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 42 participantes con cuestionarios respondidos, quienes eran principalmente mayores de 50 años, el 61.9 por ciento eran hombres, el 52.4 por ciento tenían un nivel de ingresos económicos muy bajo. Del total de pacientes con EVC el 69 por ciento presento el de tipo isquémico. Más de la mitad de los participantes de los pacientes no recibieron asistencia de un profesional de la salud en la etapa de rehabilitación. Más de la mitad de los pacientes no recibieron rehabilitación física y el 76.2 por ciento no recibió algún tipo de apoyo psicológico. Conclusiones: Las características sociodemográficas, así como el apoyo médico o de profesionales de la salud y de las redes sociales de apoyo para pacientes que padecieron un EVC juegan un papel importante para limitar o disminuir el nivel de discapacidad o severidad de secuelas de cada persona.
description: IBN SINA, Vol. 13 Núm. 2 (2022): Vol. 13, Núm. 2, agosto-diciembre, 2022
ENFERMEDADES NEURODEGENERATIVAS EN ADULTOS MAYORES: RETOS EN EL DIAGNOSTICO Y TRATAMIENTO
Creators: name: Montoya Zanora, Paloma Del Consuelo
name: Rodríguez Castañeda, Fernando
Publisher: name: IBN SINA
Year: 2022

description: Las enfermedades neurodegenerativas constituyen la principal causa de morbilidad y mortalidad en adultos mayores de 60 años de edad, las causas aún continúan siendo desconocidas, es por ello, que observamos hasta ciertos punto criterios de diagnósticos clásicos, si bien, el desarrollo de nuevas estrategias en imagenología y el desarrollo de biomarcadores con potencial terapeútico ha proporcionado herramientas diagnósticas claves, es por demás evidente la urgencia nuevos avances científicos en este rubro; aunado a ello, las terapias orientadas relentizar el proceso de neurodegeneración, sin ofrecer un beneficio mayor en los pacientes diagnósticados con dos de las principales enfermedades neurodegenetativas: Enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) y Enfermedad de Parkinson (EP).
description: IBN SINA, Vol. 13 Núm. 2 (2022): Vol. 13, Núm. 2, agosto-diciembre, 2022
Ultrafast reduction in exchange interaction by a laser pulse: Alternative path to femtomagnetism
Creators: name: Zhang, G. P.
name: Gu, Mingqiang
name: Wu, X. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the beginning of femtomagnetism, it has been hotly debated how an ultrafast laser pulse can demagnetize a sample and switch its spins within a few hundred femtoseconds, but no consensus has been reached. In this paper, we propose that an ultrafast reduction in the exchange interaction by a femtosecond laser pulse is mainly responsible for demagnetization and spin switching. The key physics is that the dipole selection rule demands two distinctive electron configurations for the ground and excited states and consequently changes the exchange interaction. Although the exchange interaction change is almost instantaneous, its effect on the spin is delayed by the finite spin wave propagation. Consistent with the experimental observation, the delay becomes longer with a stronger exchange interaction pulse. In spin-frustrated systems, the effect of the exchange interaction change is even more dramatic, where the spin can be directly switched from one direction to the other. Therefore, our theory has the potential to explain the essence of major observations in rare-earth transition metal compounds for the last seven years. Our findings are likely to motivate further research in the quest of the origin of femtomagnetism.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, in press in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter (2014)
Temporal relationship between substance use and delinquent behavior among young psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents
Creators: name: Simon, Valerie A.
name: Becker, Sara J.
name: Prinstein, Mitchell J.
name: Uhl, Kristen M.
name: Spirito, Anthony
name: Nargiso, Jessica E.
name: Wolff, Jennifer C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: There is considerable evidence linking substance use and delinquent behavior among adolescents. However, the nature and temporal ordering of this relationship remains uncertain, particularly among early adolescents and those with significant psychopathology. This study examined the temporal ordering of substance use and delinquent behavior in a sample of psychiatrically hospitalized early adolescents. Youth (n = 108) between the ages of 12 and 15 years completed three assessments over 18 months following hospitalization. Separate cross-lagged panel models examined the reciprocal relationship between delinquent behavior and two types of substance use (e.g., alcohol and marijuana). Results provided evidence of cross-lagged effects for marijuana: delinquent behavior at 9 months predicted marijuana use at 18 months. No predictive effects were found between alcohol use and delinquent behavior over time. Findings demonstrate the stability of delinquent behavior and substance use among young adolescents with psychiatric concerns. Furthermore, results highlight the value of examining alcohol and marijuana use outcomes separately in order to better understand the complex pathways between substance use and delinquent behavior among early adolescents.
Scanning tunneling microscopy study of hidden phases in atomically thin 1T-TaS$_2$
Creators: name: Yang, Wooin
name: Kim, Dowook
name: Kim, Hyoung Kug
name: Kim, Tae-Hwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lower thermal stability due to thinning often leads to unprecedented hidden phases in low-dimensional materials. Such hidden phases can coexist or compete with preexisting electronic phases. We investigate hidden phases observed in atomically thin (6-8 layers) 1T-TaS$_2$ with scanning tunneling microscopy. First, we can electrically induce a hidden stripe phase at room temperature. Such a uniaxial stripe phase has three equivalent orientations by breaking three-fold symmetry of 1T-TaS$_2$. We also reveal that the hidden stripe phase coexists with nearly commensurate charge-density-wave phase. Next, we observe that the emergent stripe phase spontaneously appears without any electric excitation on a tiny flake ($160\times80$ nm$^2$). Our findings may provide a plausible explanation for the previously observed phase transition and two-fold optical response in thin 1T-TaS$_2$ devices at room temperature. Furthermore, the hidden stripe phase would be crucial to understand exotic CDW-related phenomena in 1T-TaS$_2$ for potential applications.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Identifying the substance abuse treatment needs of caregivers involved with child welfare
Creators: name: Chuang, Emmeline
name: Bellettiere, John
name: Wells, Rebecca
name: Cross, Theodore P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Parental substance use significantly increases risk of child maltreatment, but is often under-identified by child protective services. This study examined how agency use of standardized substance use assessments and child welfare investigative caseworker education, experience, and caseload affected caseworkers’ identification of parental substance abuse treatment needs. Data are from a national probability sample of permanent, primary caregivers involved with child protective services whose children initially remained at home and whose confidential responses on two validated instruments indicated harmful substance use or dependence. Investigative caseworkers reported use of a formal assessment in over two thirds of cases in which substance use was accurately identified. However, weighted logistic regression indicated that agency provision of standardized assessment instruments was not associated with caseworker identification of caregiver needs. Caseworkers were also less likely to identify substance abuse when their caseloads were high and when caregivers were fathers. Implications for agency practice are discussed.
Synergy between Seeking Safety and Twelve-Step Affiliation on substance use outcomes for women
Creators: name: Wu, Elwin
name: Saavedra, Lissette M.
name: Morgan-Lopez, Antonio A.
name: Ruglass, Lesia
name: Hien, Denise A.
name: Campbell, Aimee N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The Recovery Management paradigm provides a conceptual framework for the examination of joint impact of a focal treatment and post-treatment service utilization on substance abuse treatment outcomes. We test this framework by examining the interactive effects of a treatment for comorbid PTSD and substance use, Seeking Safety, and post-treatment Twelve-Step Affiliation (TSA) on alcohol and cocaine use.
MALESTAR PSICOSOCIAL Y ESTRATEGIAS DE AFRONTAMIENTO DE CUIDADORAS DE MENORES EN TRATAMIENTO ONCOLÓGICO EN NAYARIT
Creators: name: Figueroa Varela, Ma. Del Rocío
name: García Martínez, María Fernanda
name: Trejo Badillo, Ana Guadalupe
Publisher: name: IBN SINA
Year: 2022

description: Objetivo. Precisar el malestar psicosococial, según el tiempo transcurrido en el proceso oncológico, revisado a través de niveles de ansiedad y depresión y por la narrativa de su proceso, así como las estrategias de afrontamiento dominantes, en cuidadores primarios de menores en tratamiento de cáncer atendidos en un centro de cancerología de Nayarit, México. Método. Estudio descriptivo y transversal, con muestreo incidental; se aplicó a 42 cuidadoras primarias de niños con cáncer Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria y Cuestionario de Afrontamiento al Estrés. Resultados. De la muestra 88% registró síntomas clínicos de depresión y 67% de ansiedad. La diferencia de porcentaje entre grupos según tiempo de cuidado indica que al inicio del tratamiento este malestar es más agudo. La focalización en solución de problemas es la estrategia más utilizada, seguida por reevaluación positiva y autofocalización negativa. Se encontró asociación negativa entre depresión y evitación (rho=-.325). Conclusión. Se identifican en cuidadoras procesos de malestar emocional y necesidades de comunicación con equipo tratante, según fases de enfermedad. Es necesario crear protocolos de acuerdo a cada contexto, problemática y recursos del paciente y su familia, para la atención integral psicooncológica.
description: IBN SINA, Vol. 13 Núm. 2 (2022): Vol. 13, Núm. 2, agosto-diciembre, 2022
Seguridad alimentaria: Pilares y formas de medición
Creators: name: González-Catalán, Miriam Del Carmen
name: Rodriguez-Orozco, Alain Raimundo
Publisher: name: IBN SINA
Year: 2022

description: El concepto y medición de la seguridad alimentaria ha ido cambiando tanto en la visión global como en el enfoque de cada país. Se revisó la historicidad del concepto y el abordaje de la seguridad alimentaria en documentos de consenso de IFAD, UNICEF, FAO y UNICEF y en academic google y pubmed se realizó una búsqueda con las palabras clave, seguridad alimentaria, evaluación de la seguridad alimentaria y se hizo hincapié en el caso de México dentro del contexto latinoamericano y la relación con la malnutrición. Se consultaron 118 documentos y se eligieron 53 por su solidez metodológica o por tratarse de documentos de posición o consenso emitidos por organismos internacionales reconocidos. Ningún marco conceptual, hasta la fecha, ha permitido modelar todos los aspectos involucrados en el complejo proceso que determina la seguridad alimentaria. Se requiere de abordajes metodológicos mixtos (cuali-cuantitativos) en poblaciones blanco para buscar soluciones a sus problemas específicos y esto exige un nivel de involucramiento mucho mayor de los investigadores con el sistema alimentario y la cultura.
description: IBN SINA, Vol. 13 Núm. 2 (2022): Vol. 13, Núm. 2, agosto-diciembre, 2022
Perioperative Systemic Chemotherapy for Appendiceal Mucinous Carcinoma Peritonei Treated with Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy
Creators: name: Blackham, Aaron U.
name: Levine, Edward A.
name: Eng, Cathy
name: Votanopoulos, Konstantinos
name: Bergman, Simon
name: Geisinger, Kim R
name: Swett, Katrina
name: Shen, Perry
name: Sirintrapun, Joseph
name: Stewart, John H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The role of systemic chemotherapy (SC) in conjunction with cytoreductive surgery (CS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in appendiceal mucinous carcinoma peritonei (MCP) is unknown.
To Starve a Fever or Feed a Cold? How Food Intake Modifies an Immune Response
Creators: name: Nguyen, Brittney
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biology
subject: diet restriction
subject: AMPs
subject: gene expression profiles
subject: immunity
subject: Drosophila
subject: anorexia

description: In many organisms, including humans and mice, diet-restriction is one of the most common immune responses. In mice, long-term diet restriction has been shown to decrease the age-associated reduction in immune function, effectively increasing the capacity of the immune response. Despite this, long-term diet restriction decreased mouse survival from Influenza infections. In Drosophila, anorexia can alter both host tolerance and resistance in response to microbial infection, and can be beneficial or detrimental to host survival rates, depending upon the pathogen. This suggests that diet has the ability to modulate expression of genes of the innate immune system. Although anorexia is a commonly-induced immune response, its mechanism of action is unclear. Further research into the mechanism and effects of infection-induced diet restriction on the immune system is necessary because previous research has focused mostly on long-term diet restriction. We seek to determine how infection-induced anorexia, and subsequently diet restriction, alters gene expression profiles in order to modulate an immune response.The effectiveness of an immune response is shaped by the genes that are activated to fight the infection and their degree of activation at different times during the infection. Diet restricted flies that are infected with Listeria monocytogenes show decreased survival when compared to non-diet restricted flies. We hypothesized that diet-restriction could affect survivalof infected flies by changing the dynamics of the immune response.Recent work from our lab has shown that many immune responsive genes, including antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes, are expressed at levels directly dependent upon microbe number in the fly. Analyzing complete gene expression profiles for immune genes allows us to more precisely describe changes in gene induction by measuring not only maximal induction levels but the rate of gene induction. Here we show that for several AMP genes, diet restriction causes gene induction at a lower microbe concentration, thereby increasing the sensitivity of the fly to infection and reducing survival. We conclude that diet is an important factor during infection that can cause shifts in the expression of many immune genes, a fact that waspreviously unnoticed due to the way in which gene expression was measured.
Cost effectiveness analysis of optimal control measures for tuberculosis
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Paula
name: Silva, Cristiana J.
name: Torres, Delfim F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92D30, 49M05

description: We propose and analyse an optimal control problem where the control system is a mathematical model for tuberculosis that considers reinfection. The control functions represent the fraction of early latent and persistent latent individuals that are treated. Our aim is to study how these control measures should be implemented, for a certain time period, in order to reduce the number of active infected individuals, while minimizing the interventions implementation costs. The optimal intervention is compared along different epidemiological scenarios, by varying the transmission coefficient. The impact of variation of the risk of reinfection, as a result of acquired immunity to a previous infection for treated individuals on the optimal controls and associated solutions, is analysed. A cost-effectiveness analysis is done, to compare the application of each one of the control measures, separately or in combination.
description: This is a preprint of a paper whose final and definite form is published in the Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, ISSN 0092-8240 (see http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11538-014-0028-6). Submitted 04/July/2014; Revised 07/Sept/2014; Accepted 11/Sept/2014
Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Alters Purinergic Receptor Expression in Clinically Relevant Extraintestinal Organs
Creators: name: Riesenman, Paul J.
name: Milano, Peter M.
name: Rich, Preston B.
name: Beidler, Stephanie K.
name: Zarzaur, Ben L.
name: Robinson, William P.
name: Douillet, Christelle D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IIR) injury is known to initiate the systemic inflammatory response syndrome which often progresses to multiple organ failure. We investigated changes in purinoceptor expression in clinically relevant extra-intestinal organs following IIR injury.
Breast MRI Utilization in Older Patients with Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer
Creators: name: Sommer, Courtney A.
name: Stitzenberg, Karyn B.
name: Carpenter, William R.
name: Tolleson-Rinehart, Sue
name: Carey, Timothy S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Recently, use of advanced imaging modalities, such as MRI, has increased dramatically. One novel but still evolving use for MRI is in the diagnosis and clinical staging of newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. Compared with mammography, MRI is more sensitive, but less specific, and far more expensive. The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence and predictors of MRI use for clinical staging in older women with newly diagnosed breast cancer.
Thermoelectric and galvanomagnetic properties of bismuth chalcogenide nanostructured hetero-epitaxial films
Creators: name: Lukyanova, L. N.
name: Boikov, Yu. A.
name: Danilov, V A
name: Usov, O A
name: Volkov, M P
name: Kutasov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot wall technique was used to grow block single crystal films of Bi_2Te_3 and solid solutions of Bi_(0.5)Sb_(1.5)Te_3 on mica (muscovite) substrates. X-ray diffraction studies demonstrated that the crystalline c-axis in the films was normal to the substrate plane. Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity and magnetoresistivity tensor components were measured at various orientations of magnetic and electric fields in the temperature interval 77-300 K and magnetic field up to 14 T. Scattering mechanism of charge carriers in the films were studied using temperature dependences of the degeneracy parameter and the Seebeck coefficient in terms of a many-valley model of energy spectrum. Obtained results have shown that the effective scattering parameter is considerably differed from the value specific for an acoustic scattering of charge carriers in the weakly degenerate films due to an additional scattering of charge carriers on interface and interctystallite boundaries. These features of charge carrier scattering are supposed to affect electronic transport in the films and enhance figure of merit.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Inflammation Enhances Resection-Induced Intestinal Adaptive Growth in IL-10 Null Mice
Creators: name: Lund, P. Kay
name: Garrison, Aaron P.
name: Rigby, Rachael J.
name: von Allmen, Doug C.
name: Helmrath, Michael A.
name: Speck, Karen E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Surgical resection of the ileum, cecum and proximal right colon (ICR) is common in the management of Crohn’s disease, yet little is known about the effect of active inflammation on the adaptive response following intestinal loss. We recently developed a surgical model of ICR in germ-free (GF) IL-10 null mice that develop small intestinal inflammation only when mice undergo conventionalization with normal fecal microflora (CONV) before surgical intervention. In this study, we examined the effects of post-surgical small bowel inflammation on adaptive growth after ICR.
Superstrata on Orbifolded Backgrounds
Creators: name: Shigemori, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some microstates of the Strominger-Vafa black hole are represented by smooth horizonless geometries called superstrata. The standard superstrata are deformations of ${\rm AdS}_3\times S^3$, but there are also generalizations of superstrata on the orbifold $({\rm AdS}_3\times S^3)/\mathbb{Z}_p$. In this paper, we discuss aspects of such orbifolded superstrata. We present a CFT perspective on the structure of orbifolded superstrata, showing that they can be constructed in a $p$-covering space of the orbifold CFT just as the standard superstrata. We also explicitly write down and study the geometry of the orbifolded superstrata, focusing on the difference from the non-orbifold case, $p=1$. We discuss further generalization of superstrata to the ones on a fractional spectral flow of $({\rm AdS}_3\times S^3)/\mathbb{Z}_p$. This generalization involves new fractional mode excitations of the CFT side. We estimate the number of those generalized superstrata, and show that their entropy is too small to account for the Strominger-Vafa entropy. We will discuss some implications of this result, related to the typical microstates of the black hole and the relevant supersymmetry index.
description: 27 pages + Appendix
Self-organized vanadium and nitrogen co-doped titania nanotube arrays with enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 into CH4
Creators: name: Zhang, Min
name: Zhang, Zhihua
name: Li, Qiuye
name: Wang, Xiaodong
name: Yang, Jianjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-organized V-N co-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) with various doping amount were synthesized by anodizing in association with hydrothermal treatment. Impacts of V-N co-doping on the morphologies, phase structures, and photoelectrochemical properties of the TNAs films were thoroughly investigated. The co-doped TiO2 photocatalysts show remarkably enhanced photocatalytic activity for the CO2 photoreduction to methane under ultraviolet illumination. The mechanism of the enhanced photocatalytic activity is discussed in detail.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Asymptotic Analysis of Distributed Bayesian Detection with Byzantine Data
Creators: name: Kailkhura, Bhavya
name: Han, Yunghsiang S.
name: Brahma, Swastik
name: Varshney, Pramod K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this letter, we consider the problem of distributed Bayesian detection in the presence of data falsifying Byzantines in the network. The problem of distributed detection is formulated as a binary hypothesis test at the fusion center (FC) based on 1-bit data sent by the sensors. Adopting Chernoff information as our performance metric, we study the detection performance of the system under Byzantine attack in the asymptotic regime. The expression for minimum attacking power required by the Byzantines to blind the FC is obtained. More specifically, we show that above a certain fraction of Byzantine attackers in the network, the detection scheme becomes completely incapable of utilizing the sensor data for detection. When the fraction of Byzantines is not sufficient to blind the FC, we also provide closed form expressions for the optimal attacking strategies for the Byzantines that most degrade the detection performance.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1307.3544
IKK-β inhibition prevents adaptive left ventricular hypertrophy
Creators: name: Tang, Ruhang
name: Andersen, Nancy M.
name: Selzman, Craig H.
name: Javan, Hadi
name: Li, Ling
name: Zhang, Xiu Quan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Most cardiovascular studies have implicated the central transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) as contributing to the detrimental effects of cardiac injury. This ostensibly negative view of NF-κB competes with its important role in the normal host inflammatory and immune response. Pressure-overload, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and heart failure represent a spectrum of disease that has both adaptive and maladaptive components. As opposed to its known effects related to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, we hypothesized that NF-κB is necessary for the compensatory phase of cardiac remodeling.
Fluid Inclusion Research: Proceedings of COFFI. Volume 9, 1976.
Creators: Roedder, Edwin, editor
Kozlowski, Andrzej, associate editor
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 1976

A yearly volume to provide communication between workers in various fields of research on fluid inclusions, using the term in its broadest sense to embrace inclusions of any fluid, gas, liquid, or melt, and in any natural material, terrestrial or extraterrestrial.
Structures and stability of calcium and magnesium carbonates at mantle pressures
Creators: name: Pickard, Chris J.
name: Needs, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ab initio random structure searching (AIRSS) and density functional theory methods are used to predict structures of calcium and magnesium carbonate (CaCO$_3$ and MgCO$_3$) at high pressures. We find a previously unknown CaCO$_3$ structure which is more stable than the aragonite and "post aragonite" phases in the range 32--48 GPa. At pressures from 67 GPa to well over 100 GPa the most stable phase is a previously unknown CaCO$_3$ structure of the pyroxene type with fourfold coordinated carbon atoms. We also predict a stable structure of MgCO$_3$ in the range 85--101 GPa. Our results lead to a revision of the phase diagram of CaCO$_3$ over more than half the pressure range encountered within the Earth's mantle, and smaller changes to the phase diagram of MgCO$_3$. We predict CaCO$_3$ to be more stable than MgCO$_3$ in the Earth's mantle above 100 GPa, and that CO$_2$ is not a thermodynamically stable compound under deep mantle conditions. Our results have significant implications for understanding the Earth's deep carbon cycle.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
Stroke Clinical Coding & Documentation Education Program – Questions and Answers
Creators: name: Kilkenny, Monique F
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420306
subject: Health care administration

description: Question and answer document from the Stroke Clinical Coding & Documentation Education Program. Please note: the online education program occurred in 2022 and used ICD-10-AM Eleventh Edition. These questions and answers aim to enhance understanding of stroke and clinical coding of stroke. They do not replace current national or state-based clinical coding advice. Answers have been developed by members of the Australia and New Zealand Stroke Coding Working Group including clinical coding experts and neurologists. Please also refer to National Coding Rules (contained in ACE) and state/jurisdictional-based advice relevant to your location.
Recovery from decompensated heart failure is associated with a distinct, phase-dependent gene expression profile
Creators: name: Andersen, Nancy M.
name: Patterson, Cam
name: Tang, Ru-hang
name: Rojas, Mauricio
name: Selzman, Craig H.
name: Stansfield, William E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Clinical and experimental studies have traditionally focused on understanding the mechanisms for why a heart fails. We hypothesize that the pathways involved with myocardial recovery are not simply the reverse of those that cause heart failure. However, determining when and how a decompensated heart can recover remains unknown.
Variability and Spectral Behavior of Gamma-ray Flares of 3C 279
Creators: name: Wang, Gege
name: Fan, Junhui
name: Xiao, Hubing
name: Cai, Jinting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 3C 279 showed enhanced flux variations in Fermi-LAT γ-ray observations from January to June 2018. We present a detailed Fermi-LAT analysis to investigate the variability and spectral behaviors of 3C 279 during the γ-ray flares in 2018. In this work, we analyzed the γ-ray spectra and found that the spectra in either the flaring or quiescent states do not show any clear breaks (or cutoffs). This indicates that the dissipation region is outside the broad-line region, and the energy dissipation may be due to the inverse Compton process of scattering the dust torus infrared photons, this result is also consistent with that in Tolamatti et al. An external inverse Compton scattering of dusty torus (DT) photons is employed to calculate the broadband spectral energy distribution (SED). This model was further supported by the fact that we found flare decay timescale was consistent with the cooling time of relativistic electrons through DT photons. During the SED modeling, a relatively harder spectrum for the electron energy distribution (EED) is found and suggests these electrons may not be accelerated by the shock that happened in the dissipation region. Besides, the magnetic reconnection is also ruled out due to a low magnetization ratio. Thus, we suggest an injection of higher-energy electrons from outside the blob and raising the flare.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, published in the Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific
Quantum Criticality of Topological Phase Transitions in 3D Interacting Electronic Systems
Creators: name: Yang, Bohm-Jung
name: Moon, Eun-Gook
name: Isobe, Hiroki
name: Nagaosa, Naoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological phase transitions in condensed matters accompany emerging singularities of the electronic wave function, often manifested by gap-closing points in the momentum space. In conventional topological insulators in three dimensions (3D), the low energy theory near the gap-closing point can be described by relativistic Dirac fermions coupled to the long range Coulomb interaction, hence the quantum critical point of topological phase transitions provides a promising platform to test the novel predictions of quantum electrodynamics. Here we show that a new class of quantum critical phenomena emanates in topological materials breaking either the inversion symmetry or the time-reversal symmetry. At the quantum critical point, the theory is described by the emerging low energy fermions, dubbed the anisotropic Weyl fermions, which show both the relativistic and Newtonian dynamics simultaneously. The interplay between the anisotropic dispersion and the Coulomb interaction brings about a new screening phenomena distinct from the conventional Thomas-Fermi screening in metals and logarithmic screening in Dirac fermions.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Fluid Inclusion Research: Proceedings of COFFI. Volume 10, 1977.
Creators: Roedder, Edwin, editor
Kozlowski, Andrzej, associate editor
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 1977

A yearly volume to provide communication between workers in various fields of research on fluid inclusions, using the term in its broadest sense to embrace inclusions of any fluid, gas, liquid, or melt, and in any natural material, terrestrial or extraterrestrial.
Intraoperative electron radiation therapy as an important treatment modality in retroperitoneal sarcoma
Creators: name: Deal, Allison M.
name: Bednarski, Brian K.
name: Tepper, Joel E.
name: Meyers, Michael O.
name: Yeh, Jen Jen
name: Calvo, Benjamin F.
name: Llaguna, Omar H.
name: Sweeting, Raeshell S.
name: Kim, Hong Jin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Local recurrence (LR) rates in patients with retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) are high, ranging from 40% to 80%, with no definitive studies describing the best way to administer radiation. Intraoperative electron beam radiation therapy (IOERT) provides a theoretical advantage for access to the tumor bed with reduced toxicity to surrounding structures. The goal of this study was to evaluate the role of IOERT in high-risk patients.
LAMOST medium-resolution spectroscopic survey of binarity and exotic star (LAMOST-MRS-B): Observation strategy and target selection
Creators: name: Li, Jiao
name: Li, Jiang-Dan
name: Guo, Yan-Jun
name: Han, Zhan-Wen
name: Chen, Xue-Fei
name: Liu, Chao
name: Ge, Hong-Wei
name: Jiang, Deng-Kai
name: Li, Li-Fang
name: Zhang, Bo
name: Liu, Jia-Ming
name: Tian, Hao
name: Zhang, Hao-Tong
name: Yuan, Hai-Long
name: Cui, Wen-Yuan
name: Ren, Juan-Juan
name: Cai, Jing-Hao
name: Shi, Jian-Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LAMOST-MRS-B is one of the sub-surveys of LAMOST medium-resolution (R~7500) spectroscopic survey. It aims at studying the statistical properties (e.g., binary fraction, orbital period distribution, mass ratio distribution) of binary stars and exotic stars. We intend to observe about 30000 stars (10 mag <= G <= 14.5 mag) with at least 10 visits in five years. We first planned to observe 25 plates around the galactic plane in 2018. Then the plates were reduced to 12 in 2019 because of the limitation of observation. At the same time, two new plates located at the high galactic latitude were added to explore binary properties influenced by the different environments. In this survey project, we set the identified exotic and low-metallicity stars with the highest observation priorities. For the rest of the selected stars, we gave higher priority to the relatively brighter stars in order to obtain high-quality spectra as many as possible. Spectra of 49129 stars have been obtained in LAMOST-MRS-B field and released in DR8, of which 28828 and 3375 stars have been visited more than twice and ten times with SNR >= 10, respectively. Most of the sources are B-, A-, and F-type stars with 0.6 < [Fe/H] < 0.4 dex. We also obtain 347 identified variable and exotic stars and about 250 stars with [Fe/H] < 1 dex. We measure radial velocities (RVs) by using 892233 spectra of the stars. The uncertainties of RV achieve about 1 km/s and 10 km/s1 for 95% of late- and early-type stars, respectively. The datasets presented in this paper are available at http://www.doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00035.
Two-dimensional electron gas in monolayer InN quantum wells
Creators: name: Pan, W.
name: Dimakis, E.
name: Wang, G. T.
name: Moustakas, T. D.
name: Tsui, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report in this letter experimental results that confirm the two-dimensional nature of the electron systems in monolayer InN quantum wells embedded in GaN barriers. The electron density and mobility of the two-dimensional electron system (2DES) in these InN quantum wells are 5x10^{15} cm^{-2} and 420 cm^2/Vs, respectively. Moreover, the diagonal resistance of the 2DES shows virtually no temperature dependence in a wide temperature range, indicating the topological nature of the 2DES.
title: Personal and university online social support helping students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a moderation analysis
Creators: name: Walker, Sarah-Kay
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2021

description: Social supports can provide physical and/or emotional support, in which the student receiving the support will benefit from it. Using the stressor-strain model and the Negativity Buffer Theory I answer: does perceived online social support (university offered and personal use) moderate the relationship between financial and illness threat (stressors) and well-being and anxiety (strains) specifically in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic? Using survey methodology, 167 participants were asked about perceived social support, stressors, anxiety, and well-being. Results indicate personal and university online social support moderated the relationship between perceived financial threat and well-being, however not in the way hypothesized. These results were replicated with anxiety. Results also showed that online social support (personal and university-provided) did not moderate the relationships between illness threat and both well-being and anxiety. I discuss potential recommendations to universities regarding what resources students are finding useful and where additional efforts could be beneficial.
Geriatric assessment in surgical oncology: A systematic review
Creators: name: Smith, Angela B.
name: Nielsen, Matthew E.
name: Muss, Hyman
name: Feng, Megan A.
name: Crowell, Karen
name: McMillan, Daniel T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) has developed as an important prognostic tool to risk stratify older adults and has recently been applied to the surgical field. In this systematic review, we examined the utility of CGA components as predictors of adverse outcomes among geriatric patients undergoing major oncologic surgery.
Fluid Inclusion Research: Proceedings of COFFI. Volume 11, 1978.
Creators: Roedder, Edwin, editor
Kozlowski, Andrzej, associate editor
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 1978

A yearly volume to provide communication between workers in various fields of research on fluid inclusions, using the term in its broadest sense to embrace inclusions of any fluid, gas, liquid, or melt, and in any natural material, terrestrial or extraterrestrial.