cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dirac Sea for Bosons also and SUSY for Single Particles
Creators: name: Habara, Yoshinobu
name: Nielsen, Holger B.
name: Ninomiya, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the long standing problem in field theories of bosons that the boson vacuum does not consist of a `sea', unlike the fermion vacuum. We show with the help of supersymmetry considerations that the boson vacuum indeed does also consist of a sea in which the negative energy states are all "filled", analogous to the Dirac sea of the fermion vacuum, and that a hole produced by the annihilation of one negative energy boson is an anti-particle. This might be formally coped with by introducing the notion of a double harmonic oscillator, which is obtained by extending the condition imposed on the wave function. Next, we present an attempt to formulate the supersymmetric and relativistic quantum mechanics utilizing the equations of motion.
description: Proceeding of the International Workshop, "Frontier of Quantum Physics" 17-19 Feb. 2005, Kyoto, Japan
Rough volatility models: small-time asymptotics and calibration
Creators: name: Stone, Henry
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Inspired by the work of Al`os, Le ́on and Vives [ALV07] and Fukasawa [Fuk17], who showed that a volatility process driven by a fractional Brownian motion generates the power law at-the-money volatility skew observed in financial market data, Gatheral, Jaisson and Rosenbaum [GJR18a] spawned a class of models now known as rough volatility models. We study the asymptotic behaviour of such models, and investigate how convolutional neural networks can be used for their calibration. Chapter 1 serves as an introduction. We begin with implied volatility, and then intro- duce a number of model classes, starting with local volatility models and ending with rough volatility models, and discuss their associated asymptotic behaviour. We also introduce the theoretical tools used to prove the main results. In Chapter 2 we study the small-time behaviour of the rough Bergomi model, introduced by Bayer, Friz, and Gatheral [BFG16]. We prove a pathwise large deviations principle for a small-noise version of the model, and use this result to establish the small-time behaviour of the rescaled log stock price process. This, in turn, allows us to characterise the small-time implied volatility behaviour of the model. Using the same theoretical framework, we are also able to establish the small-time implied volatility behaviour of the lognormal fSABR model of Akahori, Song, and Wang [ASW17]. In Chapter 3 we present small-time implied volatility asymptotics for realised variance (RV) options for a number of (rough) stochastic volatility models via a large deviations principle. We interestingly discover that these (rough) volatility models, together with others proposed in the literature, generate linear smiles around the money. We provide numerical results along with efficient and robust numerical recipes to compute the rate function; the backbone of our theoretical framework. Based on our results, we develop an approximation scheme for the density of the realised variance, which in turn allows the volatility swap density to be expressed in closed form. Lastly, we investigate different constructions of multi-factor models and how their construction affects the convexity of 4 the implied volatility smile. Remarkably, we identify a class of models that can generate non-linear smiles around-the-money. Additionally, we establish small-noise asymptotic behaviour of a general class of VIX options in the large strike regime. In Chapter 4, which is self-contained, we give an introduction to machine learning and neural networks. We investigate the use of convolutional neural networks to find the H ̈older exponent of simulated sample paths of the rough Bergomi model, a method which performs extremely well and is found to be robust when applied to trajectories of a fractional Brownian motion and an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. We then propose a novel calibration scheme for the rough Bergomi model based on our results.
Salvadoran Consumption of Ethnic Foods in the United States
Creators: name: Batres-Marquez, S. Patricia
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Brester, Gary W.
name: Batres-Marquez, S. Patricia
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Brester, Gary W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: cluster analysis
subject: ethnic food demand
subject: Hispanic population

description: The U.S. Salvadoran population is the largest group of Central and South American people living in the United States today. This study investigates the U.S. food market for thirty Salvadoran foods and the demographic characteristics and attitudes of Salvadorans toward these foods, based on data obtained from a survey conducted among Salvadoran people in Los Angeles, California, and Houston, Texas. Those surveyed were predominantly low income, without a high school degree, and living in large families. The Salvadoran foods consumed most were tortilla flour, red beans, loroco, semita, queso duro, and horchata. Four different groups of households were determined by using cluster analysis. The results indicate that products from El Salvador with the greatest market potential in the United States are vegetables and fruits, bread and candy, and beverages.
SIMBOL-X, a formation flying-mission for hard X-ray astrophysics
Creators: name: Ferrando, P.
name: Goldwurm, A.
name: Laurent, P.
name: Limousin, O.
name: Martignac, J.
name: Pinsard, F.
name: Rio, Y.
name: Roques, J. P.
name: Citterio, O.
name: Pareschi, G.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
name: Fiore, F.
name: Malaguti, G.
name: Briel, U.
name: Hasinger, G.
name: Strueder, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SIMBOL-X is a hard X-ray mission, operating in the ~ 0.5-70 keV range, which is proposed by a consortium of European laboratories in response to the 2004 call for ideas of CNES for a scientific mission to be flown on a formation flying demonstrator. Relying on two spacecrafts in a formation flying configuration, SIMBOL-X uses for the first time a ~ 30 m focal length X-ray mirror to focus X-rays with energy above 10 keV, resulting in a two orders of magnitude improvement in angular resolution and sensitivity in the hard X-ray range with respect to non focusing techniques. The SIMBOL-X revolutionary instrumental capabilities will allow to elucidate outstanding questions in high energy astrophysics, related in particular to the physics of accretion onto compact objects, to the acceleration of particles to the highest energies, and to the nature of the Cosmic X-Ray background. The mission, which has gone through a thorough assessment study performed by CNES, is expected to start a competitive phase A in autumn 2005, leading to a flight decision at the end of 2006, for a launch in 2012. The mission science objectives, the current status of the instrumentation and mission design, as well as potential trade-offs are presented in this paper.
description: 10 pages; Proc. of SPIE conference "Optics for EUV, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Astronomy II", San Diego July 31st-Aug.4th, 2005, Vol. 5900
Quality Signaling and International Trade in Food Products
Creators: name: Bureau, Jean-Christophe
name: Gozlan, Estelle
name: Marette, Stephan
name: Bureau, Jean-Christophe
name: Gozlan, Estelle
name: Marette, Stephan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: adverse selection
subject: north-south trade
subject: signaling
subject: trade

description: Focusing on the issue of food safety, we consider a framework of repeated purchases under the scenario of imperfect information on product quality (adverse selection and experience goods). A firm in a northern country can more easily detect tainted products than can a southern one. When imports are banned, the northern firm does not always signal the actual quality of its products. Competition from imports may lead the northern firm to test the quality of its products as a way to differentiate itself from foreign competitors. Consumers benefit from the disclosure of information on quality, even though borders are open to products of uncertain quality. However, competition from imports also increases the cost of signaling high quality. This can be detrimental to the welfare of the importing country when the cost of detection is high.
Lindt, Andreas (hrsg.): George Bell - Alphons Koechlin
Creators: name: Bethge, Eberhard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 19 Nr. 4 (1970): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 19, Heft 4
Boettgeria jensi Neubert & Groh 1998
Creators: name: Cavallari, Daniel C.
name: Dornellas, Ana Paula S.
name: Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Clausiliidae
Boettgeria
Boettgeria jensi

description: jensi, Arinia Maassen, 2001
 Arinia jensi Maassen, 2001: 56 (figs 5, 14–15).
Gastropoda, Diplommatinidae
 Paratype: MZSP 95939.
 Locality: Peninsular Malaysia, Kelantan, along the right side of road 8 from Gua Musang to Machamg at km 24.9; 04°55'022'' N, 102°06'934'' E.
 Collectors: J. and C. Hemmen.
 Preservation: Dry.
 Remarks: Former Jens Hemmen Collection. The specimen listed above is a remainder of a 250-specimen paratype lot deposited by the author in Hemmen’s collection (Maassen 2001).
description: Published as part of Cavallari, Daniel C., Dornellas, Ana Paula S. & Simone, Luiz Ricardo L., 2016, Second annotated list of type specimens of molluscs deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 213 on page 31, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.213, http://zenodo.org/record/3840125
Diversity in the genetic counseling profession - perspectives on barriers and motivations
Creators: name: Chien, Emily
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: Genetic counselors are providing care for an increasingly diverse patient population with a workforce demographic that does not necessarily reflect the shifting global community. Although the genetic counseling profession is becoming more diverse over time, methods of diversification through recruitment and graduate-level training are still being explored. 34 current genetic counseling students and genetic counselors who identify as underrepresented individuals participated in an online, qualitative survey that assessed the career barriers and motivations they faced in entering the genetic counseling field, their experiences in graduate training programs and clinical settings, and their suggestions for expanding diversity in the profession. The term “underrepresented” could be used to describe any person who identifies as a minority, not limited to gender or ethnicity. Demographic factors participants identified with include ethnicity, sexual orientation, being a member of the disability community, international status, gender, religious/spiritual beliefs, and age upon entering the field. Several perceived barriers (e.g. late introduction to the field, financial factors) and motivations (e.g. family support, relationships with peers and mentors) were highlighted. Participants generally felt supported and accepted in graduate training programs and in their practice, but occasionally experienced instances of subtle or unintentional discrimination. Current perspectives from underrepresented individuals in the field demonstrate that it is necessary to preserve and encourage diversity in the genetic counseling profession. Suggested methods to diversify the field include increased community outreach at earlier ages and in diverse communities, more accessibility to training programs, and improved cultural competency training in graduate programs.
Examining spirodela small rnas & the world's smallest flowers
Creators: name: Fourounjian, Paul
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: When I joined the duckweed community the interest was largely on sustainably providing clean water, food, and fuel as reflected in the Introduction and Conclusion. Then a fellow student of Dr. Messing, Dr. Wang, published the Spirodela polyrhiza 7498 genome and transcriptome. My thesis project would complement these with the Spirodela miRNA and target catalog, and investigate the relationship of the miRNAs 156 and 172 to the neotenous nature and rare flowering in the Lemnaceae. While characterizing the Spirodela miRNAs and their targets as described in Chapter 1, both Dr. Tang and Dr. Myers noticed a lack of 24nt siRNAs leading to an analysis of the RdDM pathway and transposons. This research coupled with my editing of The Duckweed Genomes textbook led to the writing of Chapters 2, 3, and 4 on small RNAs, transcriptomics, and repetitive DNA elements respectively. While studying the miRNAs and genomics I also developed flowering protocols in order to study the relationship between miR156 and 172 and floral regulation. As described in Chapter 5, I developed Wolffia microscopica, Lemna minor, Lemna gibba, and Spirodela polyrhiza flowering protocols to enable further research. I hope you find this dissertation helpful, and that these flowering protocols, the catalog of miRNAs and their targets, the textbook chapters, and other data contribute to a deeper understanding of this fascinating family, and floral regulation.
Towards testing interacting cosmology by distant type Ia supernovae
Creators: name: Szydlowski, Marek
name: Stachowiak, Tomasz
name: Wojtak, Radoslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of testing cosmological models with interaction between matter and energy sector. We assume the standard FRW model while the so called energy conservation condition is interpreted locally in terms of energy transfer. We analyze two forms of dark energy sectors: the cosmological constant and phantom field. We find a simple exact solution of the models in which energy transfer is described by a Cardassian like term in the relation of $H^{2}(z)$, where $H$ is Hubble's function and $z$ is redshift. The considered models have two additional parameters $(Ω_{\text{int}},n)$ (apart the parameters of the $Λ$CDM model) which can be tested using SNIa data. In the estimation of the model parameters Riess et al.'s sample is used. We also confront the quality of statistical fits for both the $Λ$CDM model and the interacting models with the help of the Akaike and Bayesian informative criteria. Our conclusion from standard best fit method is that the interacting models explains the acceleration of the Universe better but they give rise to a universe with high matter density. However, using the tools of information criteria we find that the two new parameters play an insufficient role in improving the fit to SNIa data and the standard $Λ$CDM model is still preferred. We conclude that high precision detection of high redshift supernovae could supply data capable of justifying adoption of new parameters.
description: RevTeX4, 14 pages, 7 figures
Managing Quality under Heterogeneous Consumer Demand and Product Quality
Creators: name: Carriquiry, Miguel A.
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
name: Carriquiry, Miguel A.
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: consumer satisfaction
subject: heterogeneous customers
subject: quality expectations
subject: quality heterogeneity
subject: quality management
subject: repeated purchases

description: Based on accepted advances in the marketing, economics, consumer behavior, and satisfaction literatures, we develop a micro-foundations model of a firm that needs to manage the quality of a product that is inherently heterogeneous in the presence of varying customer tastes or expectations for quality. Our model blends elements of the returns to quality, customer lifetime value, and service profit chain approaches to marketing. The model is then used to explain several empirical results pertaining to the marketing literature by explicitly articulating the trade-offs between customer satisfaction and costs (including opportunity costs) of quality. In this environment firms will find it optimal to allow some customers to go unsatisfied. We show that the relationship between the expected number of repeated purchases by an individual customer is endogenous to the choice of quality by the firm, indicating that the number of purchases cannot be chosen freely to estimate a customer's lifetime value.
On Spontaneous Wave Function Collapse and Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Tumulka, Roderich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One way of obtaining a version of quantum mechanics without observers, and thus of solving the paradoxes of quantum mechanics, is to modify the Schroedinger evolution by implementing spontaneous collapses of the wave function. An explicit model of this kind was proposed in 1986 by Ghirardi, Rimini, and Weber (GRW), involving a nonlinear, stochastic evolution of the wave function. We point out how, by focussing on the essential mathematical structure of the GRW model and a clear ontology, it can be generalized to (regularized) quantum field theories in a simple and natural way.
description: 14 pages LaTeX, no figures; v2 minor improvements
ERICC Policy Brief _ Teacher Management in Conflict and Crisis Settings_ Addressing resource gaps and enhancing quality in education
Creators: name: ERICC Consortium
name: Falk, Danielle
name: Mendenhall, Mary
name: Fabo Njia, Camille
name: Kebe, Genevieve
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390201
subject: Education policy

description: Teachers in conflict and protracted crisis settings play an essential role in supporting children and young people’s development, yet they face critical challenges concerning teacher management, including recruitment, deployment, professional development, compensation, and career progression. These barriers affect teaching quality and learning outcomes, highlighting an urgent need for comprehensive, data-driven policies that are adaptable to the unique context of these environments.This policy brief summarises actionable findings from the ERICC Evidence Review: Teacher Management in Conflict and Protracted Crisis – the State of the Evidence (forthcoming), which documents persistent challenges and promising practices as well as highlights evidence gaps and research needs. The findings may be useful for governments, donor organisations, humanitarian and development actors, and research bodies working with teachers.The review recommends a multifaceted approach to improving teacher management that is assets-based, to recognise teachers’ inherent knowledge and skills, and prioritise their perspectives and experiences in policymaking. To do so, effective teacher management should include:1. Flexible and responsive policies to recruit, deploy, and train enough teachers across various profiles, and provide meaningful career progression opportunities;2. Equitable compensation and benefits that reflect teachers' contributions as well as market prices, harmonised among education stakeholders; and3. Data-driven policymaking that prioritises teacher participation to value teachers' voices and experiences/expertise in policymaking spaces in ways that strengthen teacher status and professionalisation.Improving teacher management also requires integrating displaced teachers into the workforce, advancing gender equity in recruitment and support for women educators, and enhancing coordination among education stakeholders to ensure equitable employment of teachers of diverse profiles. Targeted funding should also be directed towards training teachers on pedagogies relevant for conflict and crisis-settings and that culminate in recognised qualifications and establishing stable salary mechanisms to support educators across varied profiles and settings.These recommendations aim to improve the overall quality of education by fostering a more inclusive and effective educational environment that is responsive to the needs of conflict-affected communities.
AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF JOINT DECISIONS ON FOOD STAMP PROGRAM, TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE FOR NEEDY FAMILIES, AND LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
Creators: name: Huffman, Sonya Kostova
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Huffman, Sonya Kostova
name: Jensen, Helen H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: labor force participation
subject: Food Stamp Program
subject: FSP
subject: TANF
subject: Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

description: This study examines the interaction between Food Stamp Program (FSP) and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program participation, provides a model of joint decisions made by households on FSP, TANF, and labor force participation, and explains why households choose different alternatives. We use the first Survey of Program Dynamics (SPD) longitudinal data and the 1998 SPD experimental data files. The modeling component consists of estimating equations to predict the probability of particular choices made by households. The households choose the alternative that gives the highest utility. The results show that the program parameters do matter. Variations across states in payment standards, benefit reduction rates, and income disregards help to identify household choices.
Direct Observation of Quadrupolar Excitons in the Heavy-Fermion Superconductor PrOs$_{4}$Sb$_{12}$
Creators: name: Kuwahara, K.
name: Iwasa, K.
name: Kohgi, M.
name: Kaneko, K.
name: Metoki, N.
name: Raymond, S.
name: Measson, M. -A.
name: Flouquet, J.
name: Sugawara, H.
name: Aoki, Y.
name: Sato, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report inelastic neutron scattering experiments performed to investigate the low energy magnetic excitations on single crystals of the heavy-fermion superconductor PrOs$_{4}$Sb$_{12}$. The observed excitation clearly softens at a wave vector Q = (1,0,0), which is the same as the modulation vector of the field-induced antiferro-quadrupolar ordering, and its intensity at Q = (1,0,0) is smaller than that around the zone center. This result directly evidences that this excitonic behavior is derived mainly from nonmagnetic quadrupolar interactions. Furthermore, the narrowing of the linewidths of the excitations below the superconducting transition temperature indicates the close connection between the superconductivity and the excitons.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
PARALLELISM AND RE-CONVERGENCE IN FICTION AND POETRY TEXTS
Creators: name: Shodmonov, Kholmatjon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article deals with the formation of syntactic-stylistic convergence, stylistic functions of this phenomenon, mainly in art-poetic texts, parallelism calculated from active syntactic-stylistic figures in the Uzbek language, as well as the influence of repetitions on the artistic and aesthetic function of the work.
An Econometric Decomposition of Aggregate Data: Application to the EU-15 Average Cattle Slaughter Weight
Creators: name: Fabiosa, Jacinto F.
name: Premakumar, V.
name: Fabiosa, Jacinto F.
name: Premakumar, V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The level of aggregation of reported data has limited the proper accounting of live animals in most, if not all, livestock models, making the consistency of their underlying biologics suspect. We develop an econometric methodology to decompose a wide range of aggregate data. This method is applied to estimate a disaggregated average cattle slaughter weight for calves, cows, and other cattle from total beef production data in the European Union. The estimated model gave acceptable statistical properties and estimated slaughter weights that closely correspond to reported sample-based slaughter weights across all cattle categories. The model has a good fit, no serial correlation, and highly significant coefficients with consistent signs. Standard validation statistics suggest that the model is able to track well both the mean and variability of the actual average cattle slaughter weight. Furthermore, other decompositions using the same methodology were successful in other countriesNew Zealand, and Mexico; other sectorssheep; and other aggregate datadairy and beef calving rates.
Arinia jensi Maassen 2001
Creators: name: Cavallari, Daniel C.
name: Dornellas, Ana Paula S.
name: Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Architaenioglossa
Diplommatinidae
Arinia
Arinia jensi

description: jensi, Boettgeria Neubert & Groh, 1998
 Boettgeria (Boettgeria) jensi Neubert & Groh, 1998: 159–162 (fig. 3).
Gastropoda, Clausiliidae
 Paratype: MZSP 95947 (Fig. 5 O–P).
 Locality: Portugal, Madeira Archipelago, Desertas Island, 29–31 Jul. 1985.
 Collectors: J. Gerber, K. Groh and J. Hemmen.
 Preservation: Dry.
 Remarks: Former Jens Hemmen Collection. The specimen listed above is a remainder of a 17-specimen paratype lot deposited by Neubert & Groh in Hemmen’s collection.
description: Published as part of Cavallari, Daniel C., Dornellas, Ana Paula S. & Simone, Luiz Ricardo L., 2016, Second annotated list of type specimens of molluscs deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 213 on page 33, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.213, http://zenodo.org/record/3840125
The Discovery of European Porcelain Technology
Creators: name: Queiroz, C. M.
name: Agathopoulos, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The European quest for the hard paste porcelain lasted until about 1710, when the first production unit was built at Meissen in Saxony. Although, it is generally believed that Bottger discovered the European porcelain technology, this work shows that the German porcelain quest was a State affair; a collective project directed by Tschirnhaus and supported by August the Strong. It also aims to shed light to the reasons that led to Tschirnhaus's relative oblivion. Considering three distinct temporal stages, we re-examine the roles of the main contributors to the porcelain project, referring to the role of the Mercantilism system and to the philosophical roots of Tschirnhaus's method.
Jordan-Wigner Approach to Dynamic Correlations in 2D Spin-1/2 Models
Creators: name: Derzhko, Oleg
name: Krokhmalskii, Taras
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the dynamic properties of the square-lattice spin-1/2 XY model obtained using the two-dimensional Jordan-Wigner fermionization approach. We argue the relevancy of the fermionic picture for interpreting the neutron scattering measurements in the two-dimensional frustrated quantum magnet Cs_2CuCl_4.
description: Presented at 12-th Czech and Slovak Conference on Magnetism, Ko\v{s}ice, 12-15 July 2004
Invasive Species Management through Tariffs: Are Prevention and Protection Synonymous?
Creators: name: Ranjan, Ram
name: Ranjan, Ram
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Invasive Species
subject: Political Economy
subject: Tariffs
subject: Bargaining
subject: Interest Groups

description: This paper designs a political economy model of invasive species management that explores the effectiveness of tariffs in mitigating risks of invasion. The revenue-interests of the government together with the interests of the lobby groups competing with the imported agricultural commodity, that is believed to be the vector of invasive species, are incorporated in a Bargaining game. The government, however, also considers the impact of tariffs on long run risks of invasion and selects optimal tariffs based upon its welfare in the pre and post-invasion scenarios. This study points out that the use of tariffs for mitigating the risk of invasion may not always yield beneficial outcomes and is subject to the multiplicity of objectives that it is brought upon to serve. Along with the size of the lobby group, which is a function of the elasticity of the demand and supply curves, the weights assigned to the various components in the government welfare function too play a key role in influencing the extent to which tariffs could be an effective policy tool for invasive species management. Effectiveness of tariffs as a risk mitigation device is compromised when governments revenues in the post-invasion scenario are higher than those in the pre-invasion scenario.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 12/15/05.
Search for a Diffuse Flux of High-Energy Extraterrestrial Neutrinos with the NT200 Neutrino Telescope
Creators: name: Aynutdinov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a search for high energy extraterrestrial neutrinos with the Baikal underwater Cherenkov detector NT200, based on data taken in 1998 - 2002. Upper limits on the diffuse fluxes of $ν_e+ν_μ+ν_τ$, predicted by several models of AGN-like neutrino sources, are derived. For an $E^{-2}$ behavior of the neutrino spectrum, our limit is $E^2 Φ_ν(E)<8.1 10^{-7} cm^{-2} s^{-1} sr^{-1} GeV$ over an neutrino energy range $2 10^4 - 5 10^7 GeV$. The upper limit on the resonant $\barν_e$ diffuse flux is $Φ_{\barν_e}< 3.3 10^{-20} cm^{-2} s^{-1} sr^{-1} GeV^{-1}$.
description: 19 pages, 23 figures, submitted to Astroparticle Physics
Subcancilla joapyra Simone & Cunha 2012
Creators: name: Cavallari, Daniel C.
name: Dornellas, Ana Paula S.
name: Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Mitridae
Subcancilla
Subcancilla joapyra

description: joapyra, Subcancilla Simone & Cunha, 2012
 Subcancilla joapyra Simone & Cunha, 2012: 766–768 (fig. 7A–D).
Gastropoda, Mitridae
 Paratype: MZSP 102675.
 Locality: Brazil, Espírito Santo, off Itaúnas, Abrolhos Slope, 18°59' S, 37°50' W, MD55 sta. DC 75, 295 m depth, 27 May 1987.
 Collectors: P. Bouchet, J.H. Leal and B. Métivier.
 Preservation: Dry.
 Remarks: Former MNHN, Paris.
description: Published as part of Cavallari, Daniel C., Dornellas, Ana Paula S. & Simone, Luiz Ricardo L., 2016, Second annotated list of type specimens of molluscs deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 213 on page 33, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.213, http://zenodo.org/record/3840125
Effects of Private Insurance on Forest Landowners' Incentives to Sequester and Trade Carbon under Uncertainty: Impact of Hurricanes
Creators: name: Grover, Mansi
name: Bosch, Darrell J.
name: Preisley, Stephen P.
name: Grover, Mansi
name: Bosch, Darrell J.
name: Preisley, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Carbon Sequestration
subject: Emissions Trading
subject: Natural Disaster
subject: Risk
subject: Insurance

description: We evaluate incentives of forest landowners for sequestering and trading carbon, given the risk of carbon loss from hurricanes, and an opportunity to insure their losses. Results of simulation model reveal that the effect of hurricane risk depends on the variability of returns from carbon and timber and landowners' ability to mitigate risk by diversifying forest holdings across regions or transferring risk by purchasing insurance.
Improving the Efficiency of Wildlife Management: An Application to Waterfowl Production in the Prairie Pothole Region
Creators: name: Rashford, Benjamin S.
name: Adams, Richard M.
name: Rashford, Benjamin S.
name: Adams, Richard M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Wildlife management agencies increasingly use economic analyses to improve the efficiency of their management policies. Few economic studies consider supply-side analyses for wildlife management, due, in part, to a lack of biological response data that capture the full range of management strategies and the influence of landscape characteristics. This paper uses a simulation model to generate biological response functions, which are then embedded within an economic model to determine least cost management strategies. The procedure is applied to waterfowl management in the Prairie Pothole Region of the northern Great Plains. Results highlight management inefficiencies that result from oversimplified response functions that do not account for non-linear relationships or spatial heterogeneity. Results also indicate that intensive management activities, which are generally compatible with agricultural land use, are a cost effective means of achieving waterfowl population objectives. This has important implications for the tradeoff between agricultural and waterfowl production in the Prairie Pothole Region.
Evidence for the functional expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in vascular smooth muscle from diabetic rats
Creators: name: Bardell, Andrea Lee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Nitric oxide (NO) has important physiological and pathophysiological functions in VSM. The purpose of the present research was to investigate the hypothesis that NOS activity is altered in arteries from diabetic rats. Concentration-response curves to NA, in the presence of dexamethasone (0.1 uM) to prevent in vitro induction of iNOS, were obtained in superior mesenteric arteries from rats 12-14 weeks following STZ-injection and their age and gendermatched controls. Endothelial denudation or preincubation with non-selective NOS inhibitors, LNMMA or L-NIO (300μM), produced an increase in NA sensitivity (as reflected by the NA pD₂ value) in arteries from both control and STZ-diabetic rats. Following endothelial denudation, LNMMA or L-NIO still increased the NA pD₂ value in diabetic but not control arteries. The selective nNOS inhibitor 7-NINA had no effect on NA responses of endothelium-denuded control or STZ-diabetic arteries. However, the selective iNOS inhibitor, EIT (10LIM), produced an increase in the NA pD₂ value in endothelium-denuded diabetic but not control arteries. Immunohistochemistry revealed that eNOS is present in the endothelial cell monolayer of both control and diabetic arteries. No positive signal for nNOS was obtained in either control or diabetic arteries. However, immunostaining for iNOS indicated the presence of iNOS throughout all layers of diabetic but not control arteries. Quantitative measurement of cytosolic NOS activity indicated no significant calcium-dependent (nNOS) activity in control or diabetic arteries at any time following STZ-injection. Similarly, no calcium-independent (iNOS) activity was detected in control arteries. However, significant iNOS activity was detected in 12-14 week STZ–diabetic arteries. These data suggest the novel finding that iNOS is functionally expressed in VSM of arteries from 12-14 week STZ-diabetic rats. Time course studies indicate that the induction of iNOS occurs sometime after 8 weeks of diabetes. Further studies will be required to establish the significance of iNOS induction in diabetic VSM.
Tariff Escalation and Invasive Species Risk
Creators: name: Tu, Anh Thuy
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Tu, Anh Thuy
name: Beghin, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: We investigate the interface between trade and invasive species (IS) risk, focusing on the existing tariff escalation in agricultural and food-processing markets and its implication IS risk. Tariff escalation in processed agro-forestry products exacerbates the risk of IS by biasing trade flows towards increased trade of primary commodity flows and against processed-product trade. We show that reductions of tariff escalation by reduction of the tariff on processed goods increase allocative efficiency and reduce the IS externality, a win-win situation. We also identify policy menus for trade reforms involving tariffs on both raw input and processed goods leading to win-win situations.
FEATURES OF TEACHING LECTURE (E-LECTURE) IN THE CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE LEARNING
Creators: name: Chornenka Zh.
name: Yakovets, K.
name: Antoniv, A.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2022
Subjects: e-lecture
distance learning
higher education
online-lecture.

description: In our time, the leading value of the information function of the lecture is lost. This is primarily due to the large number of sources of information that are available to students. In this regard, the significance of the orientation function is enhanced. In addition, in connection with the growing role of independent learning, the importance of the methodological function of the lecture increases. Students are increasingly in need of acquiring skills and abilities in how to learn.
Fluxiod jumps coupled high critical current density of nano-Co3O4 doped MgB2
Creators: name: Awana, V. P. S.
name: Isobe, M.
name: Singh, K. P.
name: Shahabuddin, Md.
name: Kishan, H.
name: Takayama-Muromachi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polycrystalline MgB2 samples with 0, 2, 4 and 6 percent added nano-Co3O4 being synthesized by vacuum (10-5 Torr) annealing at 750 0C for three hours each are found to be nearly single phase with presence of only a small quantity of Mg/MgO in pristine sample and in addition the Co2O3 in doped compounds. All the samples exhibited clear and sharp diamagnetic transitions at around 38 K, in Zero-field-cooled (ZFC) magnetic susceptibility measurements with sizeable signal. The Field cooled (FC) measurements though having sharp transitions, but showed a very small signal, indicating high level of pinning centers in these samples. Further some of the doped samples exhibited Paramagnetic-Meissner-Effect (PME) in applied field of 5 Oe. The critical current density (Jc), being estimated by invoking Bean model for the pristine compound increase by nearly an order of magnitude for 2 and 4 percent nano-Co3O4 doping and later the same decreases sharply for 6 percent sample at nearly all studied temperatures and applied fields. Further the increased Jc (~ 10^8 A/cm2) is coupled with fluxiod jumps (T = 20 K and H = 1 T). Fluxiod Jumps are not seen in relatively low Jc pristine or 6 percent sample. This means the fluxiod-jumps are intrinsic only to the high Jc samples.
description: 14 pages including TEXT + Figs. Comments Welcome (AWANA.Veer@nims.go.jp) OR awana@mail.nplindia.ernet.in
Ensembles of Convolutional Neural Networks models for pediatric pneumonia diagnosis
Creators: name: Liz, Helena
name: Sánchez-Montañés, Manuel
name: Tagarro, Alfredo
name: Domínguez-Rodríguez, Sara
name: Dagan, Ron
name: Camacho, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Pneumonia is a lung infection that causes 15% of childhood mortality, over 800,000 children under five every year, all over the world. This pathology is mainly caused by viruses or bacteria. X-rays imaging analysis is one of the most used methods for pneumonia diagnosis. These clinical images can be analyzed using machine learning methods such as convolutional neural networks (CNN), which learn to extract critical features for the classification. However, the usability of these systems is limited in medicine due to the lack of interpretability, because of these models cannot be used to generate an understandable explanation (from a human-based perspective), about how they have reached those results. Another problem that difficults the impact of this technology is the limited amount of labeled data in many medicine domains. The main contributions of this work are two fold: the first one is the design of a new explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) technique based on combining the individual heatmaps obtained from each model in the ensemble. This allows to overcome the explainability and interpretability problems of the CNN "black boxes", highlighting those areas of the image which are more relevant to generate the classification. The second one is the development of new ensemble deep learning models to classify chest X-rays that allow highly competitive results using small datasets for training. We tested our ensemble model using a small dataset of pediatric X-rays (950 samples) with low quality and anatomical variability (which represents one of the biggest challenges). We also tested other strategies such as single CNNs trained from scratch and transfer learning using CheXNet. Our results show that our ensemble model outperforms these strategies obtaining highly competitive results. Finally, we confirmed the robustness of our approach using another pneumonia diagnosis dataset [1].
Validating Hypothetical Surveys Using Binding Public Referenda: Implications for Stated Preference Valuation
Creators: name: Johnston, Robert J.
name: Joglekar, Deepak P.
name: Johnston, Robert J.
name: Joglekar, Deepak P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This study presents a criterion validity test in which stated choices are compared to subsequent binding referendum votes. The study is distinguished by identical hypothetical and actual choice contexts, and results that show no evidence of hypothetical bias. Results suggest a number of possibilities for amelioration of hypothetical bias.
Chiral constituent quark model and the coupling strength of eta'
Creators: name: Dahiya, Harleen
name: Gupta, Manmohan
name: Rana, J. M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the latest data pertaining to \bar u-\bar d asymmetry and the spin polarization functions, detailed implications of the possible values of the coupling strength of the singlet Goldstone boson η' have been investigated in the \chiCQM with configuration mixing. Using Δu, Δ_3, \bar u-\bar d and \bar u/\bar d, the possible ranges of the coupling parameters a, α^ 2, β^ 2 and ζ^ 2, representing respectively the probabilities of fluctuations to pions, K, ηand η^{'}, are shown to be 0.10 \lesssim a \lesssim 0.14, 0.2\lesssim α\lesssim 0.5, 0.2\lesssim β\lesssim 0.7 and 0.10 lesssim |ζ| \lesssim 0.70. To constrain the coupling strength of η', detailed fits have been obtained for spin polarization functions, quark distribution functions and baryon octet magnetic moments corresponding to the following sets of parameters: a=0.1, α=0.4, β=0.7, |ζ|=0.65 (Case I); a=0.1, α=0.4, β=0.6, |ζ|=0.70 (Case II); a=0.14, α=0.4, β=0.2, ζ=0 (Case III) and a=0.13, α=β=0.45, |ζ|=0.10 (Case IV). Case I represents the calculations where a is fixed to be 0.1, in accordance with earlier calculations, whereas other parameters are treated free and the Case IV represents our best fit. The fits clearly establish that a small non-zero value of the coupling of η' is preferred over the higher values of η' as well as when ζ=0, the latter implying the absence of η' from the dynamics of \chiCQM. Our best fit achieves an overall excellent fit to the data, in particular the fit for Δu, Δd, Δ_8 as well as the magnetic moments μ_{n}, μ_{Σ^-}, μ_{Σ^+} and μ_{Ξ^-} is almost perfect, the μ_{Ξ^-} being a difficult case for most of the similar calculations.
description: 8 RevTeX pages, 2 Tables, Revised version to appear in Int.J.Mod.Phys A
Environmental Regulation, Market Power and Price Discrimination in the Agricultural Chemical Industry
Creators: name: Smith, Vincent H.
name: Johnson, James B.
name: Smith, Vincent H.
name: Johnson, James B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: price discrimination
subject: agricultural chemicals
subject: economic welfare

description: Chemical companies generally support environmental regulatory segregation Canadian and U.S. agricultural chemical markets, apparently because it enables them to practice third order price discrimination. This study provides new cross section evidence that suggests price discrimination is practiced. We examine the potential implications chemical market desegregation for agricultural chemical prices, farmer welfare, and consumer welfare.
Turricostellaria jukyry Simone & Cunha 2012
Creators: name: Cavallari, Daniel C.
name: Dornellas, Ana Paula S.
name: Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Costellariidae
Turricostellaria
Turricostellaria jukyry

description: jukyry, Turricostellaria Simone & Cunha, 2012
 Turricostellaria jukyry Simone & Cunha, 2012: 759–760 (fig. 5G–K).
Gastropoda, Costellariidae
 Paratypes (2 spc): MZSP 102858.
 Locality: Brazil, Espírito Santo, off Regência, 19°40' S, 37°48' W, MD55 sta. CB77, 790– 940 m depth, 27 May 1987.
 Collectors: P. Bouchet, J.H. Leal and B. Métivier.
 Preservation: Dry.
 Remarks: Former MNHN, Paris.
description: Published as part of Cavallari, Daniel C., Dornellas, Ana Paula S. & Simone, Luiz Ricardo L., 2016, Second annotated list of type specimens of molluscs deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 213 on page 33, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.213, http://zenodo.org/record/3840125
Combining visibilities from the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope and the Nancay Radio Heliograph: High dynamic range snapshot images of the solar corona at 327 MHz
Creators: name: Mercier, Claude
name: Subramanian, Prasad
name: Kerdraon, Alain
name: Pick, Monique
name: Ananthakrishnan, S.
name: Janardhan, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report first results from an ongoing program of combining visibilities from the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT) and the Nancay Radio Heliograph (NRH) to produce composite snapshot images of the sun at meter wavelengths. We describe the data processing, including a specific multi-scale CLEAN algorithm. We present results of a) simulations for two models of the sun at 327 MHz, with differing complexity b) observations of a complex noise storm on the sun at 327 MHz on Aug 27 2002. Our results illustrate the capacity of this method to produce high dynamic range snapshot images when the solar corona has structures with scales ranging from the image resolution of 49" to the size of the whole sun. We find that we cannot obtain reliable snapshot images for complex objects when the visibilities are sparsely sampled.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. Version with high resolution figures available from ftp://ftp.iucaa.ernet.in/in.coming/gmrtnrh
Natica jukyriuva Simone 2014
Creators: name: Cavallari, Daniel C.
name: Dornellas, Ana Paula S.
name: Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Littorinimorpha
Naticidae
Natica
Natica jukyriuva

description: jukyriuva, Natica Simone, 2014
 Natica jukyriuva Simone, 2014: 582 (fig. 9A–E).
Gastropoda, Naticidae
 Paratypes (2 spc): MZSP 105144.
 Locality: Brazil, Espírito Santo, off Itaúnas, 18°59' S, 37°50' W, 295 m depth (type locality), 27 May 1987.
 Collectors: P. Bouchet, J.H. Leal and B. Métivier.
 Preservation: Dry.
 Remarks: Former MNHN, Paris.
description: Published as part of Cavallari, Daniel C., Dornellas, Ana Paula S. & Simone, Luiz Ricardo L., 2016, Second annotated list of type specimens of molluscs deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 213 on page 33, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.213, http://zenodo.org/record/3840125