cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine inhibits the replication of avian leukosis virus.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: We tested the ability of the thymidine analog 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (BWA509U) to inhibit the replication of the retrovirus avian leukosis virus. Inhibition was measured with two different assays: inhibition of a single round of virus replication and inhibition of virus spread through a cell culture. With both assays, we detected inhibition of virus growth, although inhibition of a single round of virus replication required a 40-fold higher drug concentration than did inhibition of virus spread. We also detected variations in the concentrations of drug needed to inhibit virus replication in different cell types. Higher concentrations of drug were needed to inhibit virus replication in chicken embryo fibroblasts than in the continuous quail cell line QT6. Viral DNA synthesis in infected cells was shown to be inhibited in the presence of the drug. The triphosphate form of the analog acted as a competitive inhibitor of purified viral reverse transcriptase, with a Ki of 0.09 +/- 0.003 microM, and was incorporated as a chain terminator during reverse transcription of the natural viral RNA substrate in vitro.
Catalytic Effects of Silver in Iodine Reactors for Dissolved Used Nuclear Fuel
Creators: name: Gogolski, Jarrod M.
name: Taylor-Pashow, Kathryn M. L.
name: Rudisill, Tracy S.
name: Restivo, Michael L.
name: Pareizs, John M.
name: Lascola, Robert J.
name: O’Rourke, Patrick E.
name: Daniel, William. E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The dissolution of used nuclear fuel generates a variety of off-gasses including flammable hydrogen and other species that are a concern for environmental release. The H-Canyon facility at the Savannah River Site is currently dissolving aluminum-clad research reactor fuel from material test reactors and the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) using a mercury-catalyzed nitric acid flowsheet. Savannah River National Laboratory recently developed and deployed a Raman spectrometer to monitor the off-gas stream from the dissolution process. Results from these measurements indicated a lack of the expected hydrogen, nitrous oxide, and nitric oxide in the off-gas stream. It was proposed that the silver on the silver nitrate–coated berl saddles present in the reactors for iodine capture were acting as a catalytic hydrogen recombiner. Nitric oxide is readily oxidized to nitrogen dioxide under normal conditions, but it was unclear what happened to the nitrous oxide. A laboratory-scale iodine reactor was assembled and filled with silver nitrate–coated berl saddles to help ascertain the fate of nitrous oxide and hydrogen. Testing with this laboratory-scale reactor observed the recombination of hydrogen when a simulated dissolver off-gas was passed through the reactor containing silver nitrate–coated berl saddles at the approximate temperatures seen in H-Canyon. However, the nitrous oxide concentration was unchanged, suggesting a more complex process occurring within the off-gas stream before it reaches the iodine reactors at H-Canyon.
Association of Epstein-Barr virus early antigen diffuse component and virus-specified DNA polymerase activity.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: The role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) early antigen diffuse component (EA-D) and its relationship with EBV DNA polymerase in EBV genome-carrying cells are unclear, EBV-specified DNA polymerase was purified in a sequential manner from Raji cells treated with phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate and n-butyrate by phosphocellulose, DEAE-cellulose, double-stranded DNA-cellulose, and blue Sepharose column chromatography. Four polypeptides with molecular masses of 110,000, 100,000, 55,000, and 49,000 daltons were found to be associated with EBV-specified DNA polymerase activity. A monoclonal antibody which could neutralize the EBV DNA polymerase activity was prepared and found to recognize 55,000- and 49,000-dalton polypeptides. An EA-D monoclonal antibody, R3 (G. R. Pearson, V. Vorman, B. Chase, T. Sculley, M. Hummel, and E. Kieff, J. Virol. 47:183-201, 1983), was also able to recognize these same two polypeptides associated with EBV DNA polymerase activity. It was concluded that EBV EA-D polypeptides, as identified by R3 monoclonal antibody, are critical components of EBV DNA polymerase.
Graphium sarpedon subsp. toxopei Page & Treadaway 2013, stat. rev.
Creators: name: Cotton, Adam M.
name: Doleck, Tenzing
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Inayoshi, Yutaka
name: Lohman, David J.
name: Hu, Shao-Ji
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Papilionidae
Graphium
Graphium sarpedon
Graphium sarpedon toxopei page & treadaway, 2013

description: Graphium sarpedon toxopei Page & Treadaway, 2013 stat. rev.
INDONESIA: 1♂, HOLOTYPE [illustration], Lombok Is., 1997-XII, local catcher leg. [SMF]; 1♂, Lombok Is., 2004- IX, local catcher leg. [SJH]; 1♂, Lombok Is., 2004-IX, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 2♂♂, Lombok Is., 2005-I, local catcher leg. [AMC].
description: Published as part of Cotton, Adam M., Doleck, Tenzing, Zhang, Xin, Inayoshi, Yutaka, Lohman, David J. & Hu, Shao-Ji, 2022, Graphium septentrionicolus Page & Treadaway, 2013 (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) is a distinct species, pp. 211-224 in Zootaxa 5154 (2) on page 224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5154.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6641416
Supplementary Material for 'Equations of motion for weakly compressible point vortices'
Creators: name: Llewellyn Smith, Stefan G.
name: Chu, T.
name: Hu, Z.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 91504 Fluidisation and Fluid Mechanics
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 10299 Applied Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Details of calculations
Structural and vibrational investigations and molecular docking studies of a vinca alkoloid, vinorelbine
Creators: name: Celik, Sefa
name: Akyuz, Sevim
name: Ozel, Aysen E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Vinorelbine, a vinca alkaloid, is an antimitotic drug that inhibits polymerisation process of tubulins to microtubules, and is widely used in cancer chemotherapy. Due to the importance of the structure-activity relationship, in this work the conformational preferences of the vinorelbine molecule were surched by PM3 method. The obtained lowest energy conformer was then optimized at DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory and the structural characteristics were determined. Frontier orbital (HOMO, LUMO) and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analyses were performed for the optimized structure. The experimental FT-IR, Raman and UV-VIS spectral data of vinorelbine along with the theoretical DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) calculations were investigated in detail. The vibrational wavenumbers were assigned based on the calculated potential energy distribution (PED) of the vibrational modes. To shed light into the anticancer property of vinorelbine as microtubule destabilizer, the most favourable binding mode and the interaction details between vinorelbine and tubulin were revealed by molecular docking studies of vinorelbine into the α,β-tubulin (PDB IDs: 4O2B; 1SA0; 7CNN) and binding free energies were calculated by the combination of Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area (MMGBSA) and Molecular Mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM-PBSA) methods {MM/PB(GB)SA}. The calculated vinorelbine-7CNN binding free energy, using by MM/PB(GB)SA approach, was found to be the best (-50.39 kcal/mol), and followed by vinorelbine-4O2B (-28.5 kcal/mol) and vinorelbine-1SA0 (-17.59 kcal/mol) systems. Moreover, the interaction of vinorelbine with the cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP), which are known to help in the metabolism of many drugs in the body, was investigated by docking studies against CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 targets. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Differential effects of acyclovir and 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine on herpes simplex virus and Epstein-Barr virus in a dually infected human lymphoblastoid cell line.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: We investigated the effects of acyclovir and 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine (DHPG) on a lymphoblastoid cell line dually infected with Epstein-Barr virus and herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1. The numbers of Epstein-Barr virus genomes were reduced during 70 days of treatment with either drug. Both drugs suppressed HSV replication in a dose-related manner. In the continued presence of the drugs, HSV developed resistance, rapidly to acyclovir and much more slowly to 30 microM DHPG. Analysis of HSV glycoprotein C production and viral DNA showed that treatment with 100 microM DHPG eliminated HSV production, curing the cell line of HSV persistent infection.
Strong coupling of an optomechanical system to an anomalously dispersive atomic medium
Creators: name: Wu, Haibin
name: Xiao, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a hybrid optomechanical system in which a membrane oscillator is coupled to a collective spin of ground states of an intracavity $Λ$-type three-level atomic medium. The cavity field response is greatly modified by atomic coherence and the anomalous dispersion generated by two Raman pumping beams near two-photon resonance. The optomechanical interaction, therefore radiation pressure force, is substantially enhanced due to superluminal propagation of photons in the cavity. Such improvement facilitates ground-state cooling of the mechanical oscillator with room temperature thermal environment. Moreover, it can greatly improve the sensitivity and bandwidth of displacement measurement. In such system, optically-controlled strong-coupling interaction between the mechanical oscillator and cavity field could be implemented on small intracavity photon number, even at the single quanta level, which is important for weak-light nonlinear photonics and the generation of nonclassical quantum states in the mechanical field.
description: The manuscript is originally submitted to PRL on July, 2013
Physical Formulation and Numerical Algorithm for Simulating N Immiscible Incompressible Fluids Involving General Order Parameters
Creators: name: Dong, Suchuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a physical formulation, and a numerical algorithm, based on a class of general order parameters for simulating the motion of a mixture of $N$ ($N\geqslant 2$) immiscible incompressible fluids with given densities, dynamic viscosities, and pairwise surface tensions. The introduction of general order parameters leads to a more strongly coupled system of phase field equations, in contrast to that with certain special choice of the order parameters. However, the general form enables one to compute the N-phase mixing energy density coefficients in an explicit fashion in terms of the pairwise surface tensions. From the simulation perspective, the increased complexity in the form of the phase field equations with general order parameters in actuality does not cause essential computational difficulties. Our numerical algorithm reformulates the ($N-1$) strongly-coupled phase field equations for general order parameters into $2(N-1)$ Helmholtz-type equations that are completely de-coupled from one another, leading to a computational complexity essentially the same as that of the simpler phase field equations associated with special choice of order parameters. We demonstrate the capabilities of the method developed herein using several test problems involving multiple fluid phases and large contrasts in densities and viscosities among the multitude of fluids. In particular, by comparing simulation results with the Langmuir-de Gennes theory of floating liquid lenses we show that the method produces physically accurate results for multiple fluid phases.
description: 38 pages, 9 figures, 6 tables
Genomic heterogeneity among human and nonhuman strains of hepatitis A virus.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: Cloned cDNA probes derived from the P1 and P2 regions of the genome of HM175 virus, a reference strain of human hepatitis A virus (HAV), failed to hybridize under standard stringency criteria with RNA from PA21 and PA33 viruses, two epizootiologically related HAV strains recovered from naturally infected New World owl monkeys. Hybridization of these probes to PA21 RNA was only evident under reduced stringency conditions. However, cDNA representing the 5' nontranslated region of the HM175 genome hybridized equally to HM175 and PA21 RNA under standard stringency conditions, while a probe derived from the 3' 1,400 bases of the genome yielded a reduced hybridization signal with PA21 RNA. In contrast, no differences could be discerned between HM175 virus and three other HAV strains of human origin (GR8, LV374, and MS1) in any region of the genome, unless increased stringency conditions were used. These results suggest that PA21 and PA33 are unique among HAV isolates and may represent a virus native to the owl monkey. Despite extremely poor homology within the P1 region, which encodes capsid polypeptides, monoclonal antibody analysis confirmed that the immunodominant neutralization epitopes of HAV were highly conserved between HM175 and PA21 viruses. Furthermore, experimental challenge of the owl monkey with successive PA33 and HM175 inocula confirmed a high but incomplete degree of cross-protection. Only one of six monkeys previously infected with PA33 developed recurrent hepatitis 28 days after intravenous HM175 challenge, while none of six monkeys previously infected with HM175 had demonstrable hepatitis following PA33 challenge. These data provide molecular evidence for the existence of HAV strains unique to nonhuman primate species and indicate that strict conservation of antigenic function may accompany substantial genetic divergence in HAV.
On the relation between Volkov-Akulov and special conformal supersymmetry: a D3-brane perspective
Creators: name: Coomans, Frederik
name: Van Pol, Bert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the complete superconformal symmetry transformations on the worldvolume of a D3-brane in an $AdS_5\times S^5$ background by using a coset superspace approach. We show that in the large $R$-limit we recover all supersymmetries present on the worldvolume of a D3-brane in a Minkowski background, in particular the Volkov-Akulov supersymmetry. We conclude with a proposal for a scheme to construct higher derivative invariants in $D=4$, $\mathcal{N}=4$ settings.
Human neonatal lymphocytes immortalized after microinjection of Epstein-Barr virus DNA.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a highly efficient acute transforming agent in human cells, provided that the intact virus is used. To investigate the ability of viral DNA alone to transform cells, we introduced the EBV genome into human lymphocytes. After microinjection of EBV DNA into neonatal B lymphocytes, we established a cell line that in early passages contained multiple viral fragments. This cell line retained sequences from the short, unique (Us) region of the EBV genome and sequences from EcoRI-E. The viral sequences were not expressed; however, the cells expressed a 2.3-kilobase polyadenylated message homologous to the c-fgr oncogene, a cellular locus believed to be activated by EBV infection [M. S. C. Cheah, T. J. Ley, S. R. Tronick, and K. C. Robbins, Nature (London) 319:238-240.]. The cell line was monoclonal with rearrangement at the immunoglobulin locus and had a reciprocal translocation t(1;7)(p34;q34) and a deletion of sequences within the locus for the beta chain of the T-cell receptor. The close proximity of the translocation to the chromosomal loci for c-fgr on chromosome 1 and the T-cell receptor beta chain on chromosome 7 suggests that structural alteration of these genes was critical to this transformation event.
Teachers' Challenges and Practices of Online Assessment (Responses).xlsx
Creators: name: benghalem, boualem
name: bochra, benaicha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 200302 English Language
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 130204 English and Literacy Curriculum and Pedagogy (excl. LOTE, ESL and TESOL)
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 200303 English as a Second Language
subject: 130303 Education Assessment and Evaluation

description: the data is open access, which means that all information is available to everyone. All postings are accompanied by searchable metadata that identify Teachers' Challenges and Practices of Online Assessment .
Performance Analysis of Asynchronous Multicarrier Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Lin, Xingqin
name: Jiang, Libin
name: Andrews, Jeffrey G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper develops a novel analytical framework for asynchronous wireless networks deploying multicarrier transmission. Nodes in the network have different notions of timing, so from the viewpoint of a typical receiver, the received signals from different transmitters are asynchronous, leading to a loss of orthogonality between subcarriers. We first develop a detailed link-level analysis based on OFDM, based on which we propose a tractable system-level signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) model for asynchronous OFDM networks. The proposed model is used to analytically characterize several important statistics in asynchronous networks with spatially distributed transmitters, including (i) the number of decodable transmitters, (ii) the decoding probability of the nearest transmitter, and (iii) the system throughput. The system-level loss from lack of synchronization is quantified, and to mitigate the loss, we compare and discuss four possible solutions including extended cyclic prefix, advanced receiver timing, dynamic receiver timing positioning, and semi-static receiver timing positioning with multiple timing hypotheses. The model and results are general, and apply to ad hoc networks, cellular systems, and neighbor discovery in device-to-device (D2D) networks.
description: 13 pages; 10 figures; submitted to IEEE Transactions on Communications
Immune and histopathological responses in animals vaccinated with recombinant vaccinia viruses that express individual genes of human respiratory syncytial virus.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: Previous reports have established that vaccinia virus (VV) recombinants expressing G, F, or N protein of respiratory syncytial (RS) virus protect small animals against intranasal challenge with live RS virus. This work demonstrates that a variety of parameters affect the protection induced by recombinant viruses. The route of vaccination, the subtype of challenge virus, and the species used influenced the antibody titers and extent of protection. During these studies, observations were also made on the subclass of antibody generated, and pulmonary histopathological changes induced by challenge after vaccination were noted. The effect of route of inoculation on host response was examined by vaccinating mice intranasally, intraperitoneally, or by scarification with a recombinant VV expressing the RS virus G glycoprotein. Intranasal vaccination induced 25-fold-higher titers of antibody to RS virus in the lung than the intraperitoneal route did, but both routes resulted in complete suppression of virus replication after intranasal challenge 21 days after vaccination. Scarification was a less effective method of vaccination. The antibody induced by recombinant VV in mice was mostly immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) with some IgG2b. No antibody to RS virus was detected in the IgA, IgM, IgG1, or IgG3 subclass irrespective of the vaccination route. The G and F glycoproteins were shown to elicit similar subclasses of antibody. However, animals vaccinated with the G and F vectors differed strikingly in their response to challenge by heterologous virus. Mice or cotton rats vaccinated with recombinant VV carrying the G gene of RS virus were protected against challenge only with homologous subtype A virus. Vaccination with a recombinant VV expressing the F glycoprotein induced protection against both homologous and heterologous subtype B virus challenge. The protection induced in mice was greater than that detected in cotton rats, indicating that the host may also affect immunity. Finally, this report describes histological examination of mouse lungs after vaccination and challenge. Vaccinated mice that were subsequently challenged had significantly greater lung lesion scores than unvaccinated challenged mice. The lesions were primarily peribronchiolar and perivascular infiltrations of polymorphonuclear cells and lymphocytes. Further work will establish whether these pulmonary changes are a desirable immune response to virus invasion or a potential immunopathogenic hazard. The results have important implications for planning a strategy of vaccination against RS virus and emphasize potential dangers that may attend the use of recombinant VV as vaccines.
Neutralization escape mutants define a dominant immunogenic neutralization site on hepatitis A virus.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: Hepatitis A virus is an hepatotrophic human picornavirus which demonstrates little antigenic variability. To topologically map immunogenic sites on hepatitis A virus which elicit neutralizing antibodies, eight neutralizing monoclonal antibodies were evaluated in competition immunoassays employing radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies and HM-175 virus. Whereas two antibodies (K3-4C8 and K3-2F2) bound to intimately overlapping epitopes, the epitope bound by a third antibody (B5-B3) was distinctly different as evidenced by a lack of competition between antibodies for binding to the virus. The other five antibodies variably blocked the binding of both K3-4C8-K3-2F2 and B5-B3, suggesting that these epitopes are closely spaced and perhaps part of a single neutralization immunogenic site. Several combinations of monoclonal antibodies blocked the binding of polyclonal human convalescent antibody by greater than 96%, indicating that the neutralization epitopes bound by these antibodies are immunodominant in humans. Spontaneously arising HM-175 mutants were selected for resistance to monoclonal antibody-mediated neutralization. Fourteen clonally isolated mutants demonstrated substantial resistance to multiple monoclonal antibodies, including K3-4C8-K3-2F2 and B5-B3. In addition, 13 mutants demonstrated a 10-fold or greater reduction in neutraliztion mediated by polyclonal human antibody. Neutralization resistance was associated with reduced antibody binding. These results suggest that hepatitis A virus may differ from poliovirus in possessing a single, dominant neutralization immunogenic site and therefore may be a better candidate for synthetic peptide or antiidiotype vaccine development.
Recombinant vaccinia viruses carrying the N gene of human respiratory syncytial virus: studies of gene expression in cell culture and immune response in mice.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: The construction and characterization of vaccinia virus recombinants carrying the nucleocapsid (N) protein gene of human respiratory syncytial (RS) virus are described. Recombinant viruses were constructed that contained the N gene oriented either positively or negatively with respect to the 7.5-kilodalton vaccinia virus promoter. In addition, a positively oriented recombinant was constructed that lacked an out-of-frame AUG codon in the 5'-terminal noncoding region. In HEp-2 cells, both positive-orientation recombinants induced the synthesis of a protein which comigrated with N protein and was precipitated by antisera to RS virus. Sera from mice immunized with these recombinants specifically precipitated the RS virus N protein. Analysis of mRNA and protein expressed from the recombinant N genes showed that deletion of the upstream AUG codon markedly improved the efficiency of protein synthesis. Mice were vaccinated with the high-expressing recombinant and subsequently challenged with live RS virus. The results of these experiments demonstrated that the immune response to N protein afforded a significant degree of protection against RS virus disease.
Quantum Plasticity and Supersolid Response in Helium-4
Creators: name: Kuklov, Anatoly
name: Pollet, Lode
name: Prokof'ev, Nikolay
name: Svistunov, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the three key phenomena recently observed in solid $^4$He---mass supertransport, anomalous isochoric compressibility (syringe effect), and giant plasticity---are closely linked to each other through the physics of an interconnected network of tilted quantum-rough dislocations. As immediate implications of this connection several predictions follow: In the absence of $^3$He impurities, the syringe effect and giant plasticity persist down to $T=0$; the dynamical low-frequency syringe and giant-plasticity responses are dispersionless; and similarly to giant plasticity but without direct relationship to the supertransport along the dislocation cores, $^3$He impurities should suppress the syringe effect partially or completely at appropriately low temperatures.
Vesicular olivines and pyroxenes in shocked Kamargaon L6 Chondrite: Implications for primary volatiles and its multiple impacts history
Creators: name: Tiwari, Kishan
name: Ghosh, Sujoy
name: Miyahara, Masaaki
name: Ray, Dwijesh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Planetary Geology
subject: 40302 Extraterrestrial Geology
subject: Mineralogy

description: Figures and tables for the manuscript
Homogenization approach for the transmission eigenvalue problem for periodic media and application to the inverse problem
Creators: name: Cakoni, Fioralba
name: Haddar, Houssem
name: Harris, Isaac
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35P30 35J05 78A46

description: We consider the interior transmission problem associated with the scattering by an inhomogeneous (possibly anisotropic) highly oscillating periodic media. We show that, under appropriate assumptions, the solution of the interior transmission problem converges to the solution of a homogenized problem as the period goes to zero. Furthermore, we prove that the associated real transmission eigenvalues converge to transmission eigenvalues of the homogenized problem. Finally we show how to use the first transmission eigenvalue of the period media, which is measurable from the scattering data, to obtain information about constant effective material properties of the periodic media. The convergence results presented here are not optimal. Such results with rate of convergence involve the analysis of the boundary correction and will be subject of a forthcoming paper.
Resumption of virus production after human immunodeficiency virus infection of T lymphocytes in the presence of azidothymidine.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: The new antiviral agent, azidothymidine (AZT; BW A509U), is currently the only successful drug in use for patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The effect of this thymidine analog, 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine, on the replication of the lymphadenopathy-associated virus strain of the human immunodeficiency virus was evaluated by using susceptible H9 and Jurkat cells. Cells were pretreated with concentrations of drug ranging from 0.5 to 100 microM, infected, and maintained in medium containing drug. Virus production was assayed by reverse transcriptase assays, and virus-specific DNA was analyzed by Southern blots probed with cloned human immunodeficiency virus sequences. At 4 to 8 days postinfection, infected cells without drug reached a peak of reverse transcriptase activity that was sustained. Increasing concentrations of AZT caused increasing delays in virus production; however, replicate cultures at nontoxic levels of the drug (up to 25 microM) eventually produced as much virus as did non-drug-treated infected cells, despite the continued presence of the drug. Levels of intracellular, unintegrated, virus-specific DNA paralleled reverse transcriptase levels. Virus-caused cytopathic effect was likewise delayed in drug-treated cultures. Virus recovered from H9 cultures after 25 microM AZT treatment did not appear resistant to AZT.
Measurements of light vector mesons and pi0 meson from the PHENIX experiment at RHIC
Creators: name: Acharya, Uttam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: pic23
phenix
p+au
d+au
3he+au
forward-rapidity
raa
nuclear
modification
photon
direct photon
centrality
φ
π0

description: Talk presented at the Physics in Collision 2023 conference
Two strains of Epstein-Barr virus (B95-8 and a P3HR-1 subclone) that lack defective genomes induce early antigen and cause abortive infection of Raji cells.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: The heterogeneity of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) obtained from P3HR-1 cells has permitted derivation of a distinct subclone of P3HR-1 (L. Heston, M. Rabson, N. Brown, and G. Miller, Nature (London) 295:160-163, 1982). We have analyzed the biologic properties and genomic structure of this subclonal virus (clone 13) compared with those of parental P3HR-1 and B95-8 viruses. Synthesis of EBV compared with those of parental P3HR-1 and B95-8 viruses. Synthesis of EBV proteins in Raji cells superinfected with virus derived from P3HR-1, clone 13, and B95-8 was analyzed both by fluorography of radiolabeled proteins and by immunoblotting. Highly concentrated preparations of clone 13 and B95-8 virus induced most of the spectrum of EBV proteins in Raji cells with the exception of the 145,000-, 140,000-, and 110,000-molecular-weight proteins, which were either undetectable or reduced. Moreover, both clone 13 and B95-8 viruses also induced the same patterns of early antigen diffuse components as the parental P3HR-1 virus did. However, only P3HR-1 virus could induce EBV DNA synthesis in superinfected Raji cells, as determined both by buoyant density centrifugation and by in situ cytohybridization with biotinylated recombinant EBV DNA probes. Defective heterogeneous molecules present in P3HR-1 virus have been implicated in early antigen induction after superinfection of Raji cells. Therefore, Southern blots of clone 13, P3HR-1, and B95-8 viruses were hybridized to recombinant EBV fragments representing the sequences contained within the defective molecules in P3HR-1. The parental P3HR-1 contained the previously described defective molecules. No evidence for defective molecules was found in clone 13 or B95-8 viruses. These data indicate that concentrated preparations of both clone 13 and B95-8 viruses can induce abortive infection in Raji cells, but while the defective molecules are not needed for induction of early antigen diffuse components, they may be required for the induction of viral DNA synthesis.
Amplification of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA by superinfection with a strain of EBV derived from nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Creators: name: Raab-Traub, N
name: Pagano, J
name: Takimoto, T
name: Sato, H
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1988

description: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) hybrid cell line (NPC-KT) lacking defective viral DNA molecules superinfected Raji cells and induced EBV early antigens (EA), as did virus from P3HR-1 cells, which contained defective molecules. The EBV polypeptides induced by NPC-KT appeared to be identical to those induced by P3HR-1 virus. The ability of NPC-KT virus to induce EA was enhanced more than 10-fold by treatment of superinfected cells with dimethyl sulfoxide; however, dimethyl sulfoxide treatment did not enhance superinfection by P3HR-1 virus. After infection, DNA synthesis of both the superinfecting NPC-KT virus and the resident Raji viral genome was induced. In addition to amplified Raji EBV episomal DNA, a fused terminal fragment of NPC-KT viral DNA was detected. The detection of fused terminal DNA fragments suggests that the superinfecting virion DNA either circularizes or polymerizes after superinfection and is possibly amplified through circular or concatenated replicative intermediates.
Entanglement entropy for a Maxwell field: Numerical calculation on a two dimensional lattice
Creators: name: Casini, Horacio
name: Huerta, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study entanglement entropy (EE) for a Maxwell field in 2+1 dimensions. We do numerical calculations in two dimensional lattices. This gives a concrete example of the general results of our recent work on entropy for lattice gauge fields using an algebraic approach. To evaluate the entropies we extend the standard calculation methods for the entropy of Gaussian states in canonical commutation algebras to the more general case of algebras with center and arbitrary numerical commutators. We find that while the entropy depends on the details of the algebra choice, mutual information has a well defined continuum limit. We study several universal terms for the entropy of the Maxwell field and compare with the case of a massless scalar field. We find some interesting new phenomena: An "evanescent" logarithmically divergent term in the entropy with topological coefficient which does not have any correspondence with ultraviolet entanglement in the universal quantities, and a non standard way in which strong subadditivity is realized. Based on the results of our calculations we propose a generalization of strong subadditivity for the entropy on some algebras that are not in tensor product.
description: 27 pages, 15 figures
The avian retrovirus env gene family: molecular analysis of host range and antigenic variants.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1988

description: The nucleotide sequence of the env gp85-coding domain from two avian sarcoma and leukosis retrovirus isolates was determined to identify host range and antigenic determinants. The predicted amino acid sequence of gp85 from a subgroup D virus isolate of the Schmidt-Ruppin strain of Rous sarcoma virus was compared with the previously reported sequences of subgroup A, B, C, and E avian sarcoma and leukosis retroviruses. Subgroup D viruses are closely related to the subgroup B viruses but have an extended host range that includes the ability to penetrate certain mammalian cells. There are 27 amino acid differences shared between the subgroup D sequence and three subgroup B sequences. At 16 of these sites, the subgroup D sequence is identical to the sequence of one or more of the other subgroup viruses (A, C, and E). The remaining 11 sites are specific to subgroup D and show some clustering in the two large variable regions that are thought to be major determinants of host range. Biological analysis of recombinant viruses containing a dominant selectable marker confirmed the role of the gp85-coding domain in determining the host range of the subgroup D virus in the infection of mammalian cells. We also compared the sequence of the gp85-coding domain from two subgroup A viruses, Rous-associated virus type 1 and a subgroup A virus of the Schmidt-Ruppin strain of Rous sarcoma virus. The comparison revealed 24 nonconservative amino acid changes, of which 6 result in changes in potential glycosylation sites. The positions of 10 amino acid differences are coincident with the positions of 10 differences found between two subgroup B virus env gene sequences. These 10 sites identify seven domains in the sequence which may constitute determinants of type-specific antigenicity. Using a molecular recombinant, we demonstrated that type-specific neutralization of two subgroup A viruses was associated with the gp85-coding domain of the virus.
Mapping structure heterogeneities and visualizing moisture degradation of perovskite films with nano-focus WAXS.
Creators: name: Li, Nian
name: Pratap, Shambhavi
name: Körstgens, Volker
name: Vema, Sundeep
name: Song, Lin
name: Liang, Suzhe
name: Davydok, Anton
name: Krywka, Christina
name: Müller-Buschbaum, Peter
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Article
/639/301/299/946
/639/301/357/537
/145
article

description: Extensive attention has focused on the structure optimization of perovskites, whereas rare research has mapped the structure heterogeneity within mixed hybrid perovskite films. Overlooked aspects include material and structure variations as a function of depth. These depth-dependent local structure heterogeneities dictate their long-term stabilities and efficiencies. Here, we use a nano-focused wide-angle X-ray scattering method for the mapping of film heterogeneities over several micrometers across lateral and vertical directions. The relative variations of characteristic perovskite peak positions show that the top film region bears the tensile strain. Through a texture orientation map of the perovskite (100) peak, we find that the perovskite grains deposited by sequential spray-coating grow along the vertical direction. Moreover, we investigate the moisture-induced degradation products in the perovskite film, and the underlying mechanism for its structure-dependent degradation. The moisture degradation along the lateral direction primarily initiates at the perovskite-air interface and grain boundaries. The tensile strain on the top surface has a profound influence on the moisture degradation.
An experimental investigation on the high density transition of the Scrape-off Layer transport in ASDEX Upgrade
Creators: name: Carralero, D.
name: Birkenmeier, G.
name: Müller, H. W.
name: Manz, P.
name: deMarne, P.
name: Müller, S. H.
name: Reimold, F.
name: Stroth, U.
name: Wischmeier, M.
name: Wolfrum, E.
name: team, the ASDEX Upgrade
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A multidiagnostic approach, utilizing Langmuir probes in the midplane, X-point and divertor walls, along with Lithium beam and infrared measurements is employed to evaluate the evolution of the Scrape-off Layer (SOL) of ASDEX Upgrade across the L-mode density transition leading to the formation of a density shoulder. The flattening of the SOL density profiles is linked to a regime change of filaments, which become faster and larger, and to a similar flattening of the $q_{\parallel}$ profile. This transition is related to the beginning of outer divertor detachment and leads to the onset of a velocity shear layer in the SOL. Experimental measurements are in good agreement with several filament models which describe the process as a transition from conduction to convection-dominated SOL perpendicular transport caused by an increase of parallel collisionality. These results could be of great relevance since both ITER and DEMO will feature detached divertors and densities largely over the transition values, and might therefore exhibit convective transport levels different to those observed typically in present-day devices.
Analysis of the Epstein-Barr virus origin of plasmid replication (oriP) reveals an area of nucleosome sparing that spans the 3' dyad.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1989

description: The Epstein-Barr virus oriP, when examined with the use of in vitro nucleosome reconstitution, was found to exhibit a partial sparing of nucleosome assembly within the 3' dyad. Analysis of the homologous region containing the origin of replication of herpesvirus papio disclosed that sparing of nucleosome assembly was conserved between these two related viruses.
Graphium sarpedon subsp. adonarensis Cotton & Doleck & Zhang & Inayoshi & Lohman & Hu 2022, stat. rev.
Creators: name: Cotton, Adam M.
name: Doleck, Tenzing
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Inayoshi, Yutaka
name: Lohman, David J.
name: Hu, Shao-Ji
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Papilionidae
Graphium
Graphium sarpedon
Graphium sarpedon adonarensis (rothschild, 1896)

description: Graphium sarpedon adonarensis (Rothschild, 1896) stat. rev.
INDONESIA: 1♂, HOLOTYPE, Adonara Is. 1891-IX, W. Doherty leg. [BMNH]; 1♂, Sumbawa Is., 2000-X, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 1♂, Sumbawa Is., 2003-I, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 1♂, Flores Is., 2004-II, local catcher leg. [SJH]; 2♂♂, Flores Is., 2005-V, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 1♂, Flores Is., 2005-XI, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 1♂, Alor Is., 2004-III, local catcher leg. [AMC]; 1♂, Alor Is., 2006-VII, local catcher leg. [AMC].
description: Published as part of Cotton, Adam M., Doleck, Tenzing, Zhang, Xin, Inayoshi, Yutaka, Lohman, David J. & Hu, Shao-Ji, 2022, Graphium septentrionicolus Page & Treadaway, 2013 (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) is a distinct species, pp. 211-224 in Zootaxa 5154 (2) on page 224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5154.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6641416
Separated spin-up and spin-down evolution of degenerated electrons in two dimensional systems: Dispersion of longitudinal collective excitations in plane and nanotube geometry
Creators: name: Andreev, Pavel A.
name: Kuz'menkov, L. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying the separated spin evolution quantum hydrodynamics to two-dimensional electron gas in plane samples and nanotubes located in external magnetic fields we find new kind of wave in electron gas, which is called the spin-electron acoustic wave. Separate spin-up electrons and spin-down electrons evolution reveals in replacement of the Langmuir wave by the couple of hybrid waves. One of two hybrid waves is the modified Langmuir wave. Another hybrid wave is the spin-electron acoustic wave. We study dispersion of these waves in two dimensional structures of electrons. We also consider dependence of dispersion properties on spin polarisation of electrons in external magnetic field.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Characterization of a simian hepatitis A virus (HAV): antigenic and genetic comparison with human HAV.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1989

description: PA21, a strain of hepatitis A virus (HAV) recovered from a naturally infected captive owl monkey, is indistinguishable from human HAV in polyclonal radioimmunoassays and cross-neutralization studies. However, cDNA-RNA hybridization has suggested a significant difference at the genomic level between PA21 and a reference human virus, HM175. Further characterization of this unique HAV was undertaken in an effort to determine the extent of genetic divergence from human HAV and its relation to the conserved antigenic structure of the virus. The close similarity between PA21 and HM175 antigens was confirmed with an extended panel of 18 neutralizing murine monoclonal antibodies: a reproducible difference in binding to the two viruses was detected with only one antibody (B5-B3). The nucleotide sequence of the P1 region of the PA21 genome had only 83.2% identity with HM175 virus, a difference approximately twice as great as that found between any two human strains. Most nucleotide changes were in third base positions, and the amino acid sequences of the capsid proteins were largely conserved. Amino acid replacements were clustered in the carboxy terminus of VP1 and the amino-terminal regions of VP2 and VP1. These data indicate that PA21 virus represents a unique genotype of HAV and suggest the existence of an ecologically isolated niche for HAV among feral owl monkeys.
Existence of periodic points near an isolated fixed point with Lefschetz index $1$ and zero rotation for area preserving surface homeomorphisms
Creators: name: Yan, Jingzhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $f$ be an orientation and area preserving diffeomorphism of an oriented surface $M$ with an isolated degenerate fixed point $z_0$ with Lefschetz index one. Le Roux conjectured that $z_0$ is accumulated by periodic orbits. In this article, we will approach Le Roux's conjecture by proving that if $f$ is isotopic to the identity by an isotopy fixing $z_0$ and if the area of $M$ is finite, then $z_0$ is accumulated not only by periodic points, but also by periodic orbits in the measure sense. More precisely, the Dirac measure at $z_0$ is the limit in weak-star topology of a sequence of invariant probability measures supported on periodic orbits. Our proof is purely topological and will works for homeomorphisms and is related to the notion of local rotation set.