cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Texas’ 2021 Ban on Abortion in Early Pregnancy Was Associated with a Decrease in Abortions in Texas, an Increase in Abortions Out of State, and a Decrease in Overall Abortions
Creators: name: White, Kari
name: Sierra, Gracia
name: Lerma, Klaira
name: Beasley, Anitra
name: Hofler, Lisa G.
name: Tocce, Kristina
name: Goyal, Vinita
name: Ogburn, Tony
name: Potter, Joseph E.
name: Dickman, Samuel L.
Publisher: name: University of Texas at Austin Population Research Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: abortion
SB 8
Texas

description: Texas Senate Bill 8 (SB 8) made abortions illegal once embryonic cardiac activity (sometimes incorrectly referred to as a “fetal heartbeat”) can be detected (at about 5-6 weeks of pregnancy), with very limited exceptions. Before SB 8, abortions could be provided in Texas up to 22 weeks of pregnancy. SB 8 was the most restrictive abortion law in the US until June 2022 when the US Supreme Court overturned the Roe v. Wade decision, which allowed Texas to enforce a law that prohibits almost all abortions. In this study, Kari White, PRC faculty scholar and principal investigator of the Texas Policy Evaluation Project (TxPEP), along with PRC and TxPEP researchers Gracia Sierra, Klaira Lerma, Vinita Goyal, and professor emeritus Joseph Potter, and colleagues, compared the abortions Texas residents had in the month before and month after SB 8 went into effect. They also calculated the proportion of abortions that were done out of state for people who were 12 or more weeks pregnant in the six months after the law went into effect, compared to the same six-month period the year before. They found that SB 8 was associated with a decrease in abortions in Texas, an increase in abortions out of state, a decrease in overall abortions, and an increase in abortions after 12 weeks of pregnancy.
Projections of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Burden in the U.S. Population Aged <20 Years Through 2050: Dynamic modeling of incidence, mortality, and population growth
Creators: name: Dabelea, D.
name: Liu, L. L.
name: Hamman, R. F.
name: Boyle, J. P.
name: Rodriguez, B. L.
name: Mayer-Davis, E. J.
name: Lawrence, J. M.
name: Liese, A. D.
name: Thompson, T. J.
name: Imperatore, G.
name: Case, D.
name: Standiford, D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: To forecast the number of U.S. individuals aged <20 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through 2050, accounting for changing demography and diabetes incidence.
Racial Differences in Association of Elevated Interleukin-18 Levels With Type 2 Diabetes: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Creators: name: Couper, D.
name: Pankow, J. S.
name: Ballantyne, C. M.
name: Duncan, B. B.
name: Schmidt, M. I.
name: Zhu, N.
name: Hoogeveen, R. C.
name: Negi, S. I.
name: Fernstrom, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Elevated plasma interleukin-18 (IL-18) has been linked to onset of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. However, so far this association has been shown only in predominantly white populations. We examined IL-18 levels and their association with incident DM in a racially heterogeneous population. In a nested case-cohort design representing a 9-year follow-up of 9,740 middle-aged, initially healthy, nondiabetic white and African American participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, we selected and measured analytes on race-stratified (50% white, 50% African American) random samples of both cases of incident diabetes (n = 548) and eligible members of the full cohort (n = 536). Baseline IL-18 levels were significantly higher in white participants compared with African American participants (P < 0.001). Although white participants in the fourth (versus first) quartile of IL-18 levels had a significant hazard ratio (HR) for developing DM (HR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.3-3.4), after adjustment for age, sex, and study center, no difference was seen among African Americans (HR: 1.0, 95% CI: 0.6-1.7). Unlike those in African Americans, IL-18 levels in whites had a significant correlation with age (P < 0.01); anthropometric characteristics such as waist circumference (P < 0.001), height (P = 0.04), waist-to-hip ratio (P < 0.001), and BMI (P < 0.01); and total (P < 0.001) and high-molecular-weight (P < 0.001) adiponectin. There are racial differences in levels of IL-18 and the association of IL-18 with risk factors and incident type 2 DM. In addition, there seems to be a complex interplay of inflammation and adiposity in the development of DM.
title: Beatles for sale : the role and significance of storytelling in the commercialisation and cultural branding of the Beatles since 1970
Creators: name: Susan Tessler, Holly
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: The subtitle to this thesis is: 'the role and significance of storytelling in the commercialisation and cultural branding of the Beatles since 1970'. In large part, this idea has been informed by, and evolves from, experiences of the role and significance of storytelling in my own Beatle fandom, as I came to the story of the Beatles before I ever consciously listened to their music. I was 10 years old in 1980, the year of John Lennon's assassination, and I had never heard of the Beatles. I suppose it was seeing endless streams of news reports about the Beatles and John Lennon's death that took me not to the record shop, but instead, the public library to learn more about them. More than just the catalyst for my awareness of, and interest in, the Beatles, stories about the Beatles continued to feature prominently in my ongoing fandom. From a contemporary perspective, it seems almost unimaginable, but as a young Beatles fan growing up in 1980s America, there was almost no Beatle products on the market. Besides Beatle records, the regular purchase of new Beatle books was the only readily available opportunity I had to express and indulge my fandom. It was only when news of George Harrison's death from cancer broke on 29th November 2001, however, did I realise just how little time I had taken to explore Liverpool's Beatles connections. Until that time, I had never paused to consider the fact that Beatle storytelling was not just a process that happened in books and documentaries, but was alive and dynamic, implicated with places and people and events, happening in ways and through means which extend far beyond the Beatles themselves. Realising that the Beatles were autochthonously bound up with the wider cultural, material and historical frameworks of not only Liverpool, but also places like London, Hamburg, New York, and even more broadly still of British popular history and culture, catalysed me into thinking more substantially about the further implications of Beatle storytelling. At the same time, I also began to think about the inverse - how all of these Beatle storytelling enterprises impacted on the group themselves. It is in consideration of all of these observations that I undertook the research presented here.
Reversibility of Fenofibrate Therapy-Induced Renal Function Impairment in ACCORD Type 2 Diabetic Participants
Creators: name: Craven, T.
name: Buse, J.
name: Elam, M.
name: Marcovina, S.
name: Kirchner, K.
name: Ginsberg, H. N.
name: Mychaleckyj, J. C.
name: Sperl-Hillen, J.
name: Bonds, D. E.
name: Lorber, D.
name: Sivitz, W.
name: Crouse, J. R.
name: Nayak, U.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: OBJECTIVETo assess the reversibility of the elevation of serum creatinine levels in patients with diabetes after 5 years of continuous on-trial fenofibrate therapy.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSAn on-drug/off-drug ancillary study to the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) Lipid Trial to investigate posttrial changes in serum creatinine and cystatin C. Eligible participants were recruited into a prospective, nested, three-group study based on retrospective on-trial serum creatinine levels: fenofibrate case subjects (n = 321, ≥20% increase after 3 months of therapy); fenofibrate control subjects (n = 175, ≤2% increase); and placebo control subjects (n = 565). Serum creatinine and cystatin C were measured at trial end and 6–8 weeks after discontinuation of trial therapy.RESULTSAt trial end, case subjects had the highest adjusted serum creatinine (± SE) mg/dL (1.11 ± 0.02) and the lowest adjusted estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (± SE) mL/min/1.73 m2 (68.4 ± 1.0) versus control subjects (1.01 ± 0.02; 74.8 ± 1.3) and placebo subjects (0.98 ± 0.01; 77.8 ± 0.7). After 51 days off-drug, serum creatinine in case subjects was still higher (0.97 ± 0.02) and eGFR still lower (77.8 ± 1.0) than control subjects (0.90 ± 0.02; 81.8 ± 1.3) but not different from placebo subjects (0.99 ± 0.01; 76.6 ± 0.7). Changes in serum cystatin C recapitulated the serum creatinine changes.CONCLUSIONSParticipants with significant initial on-trial increases in serum creatinine (≥20%) returned to the same level of renal function as participants receiving placebo while participants who had ≤2% increase in serum creatinine had net preservation of renal function compared with the same unselected placebo reference group. The fenofibrate-associated on-trial increases in serum creatinine were reversible, and the reversal was complete after 51 days off-drug. The similarity of the cystatin C results suggests that the mechanism of this change is not specific for serum creatinine.
Feltria tuzovskyi Pesi
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Feltriidae
Feltria
Feltria tuzovskyi

description: Feltria tuzovskyi Peši ć & Panesar, 2008
Records from the study area: Himachal Pradesh—Pešić & Panesar (2008).
Habitat: Mosses in a mountain stream.
Distribution: India.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
title: Reflexivity in Professional Practise and The Social Construction of Defensive Medicine: A Study of Discourses of Risk in Medical Practice.
Creators: name: Mary Bradder, Annette
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: Abstract: Viewed in the context of a so-called 'compensation crisis' in the United Kingdom, defensive medicine broadly refers to a response by doctors to the risk of being sued in an action for negligence. However, the interrelated risk discourses of a 'compensation crisis' and defensive medical practice are suffused with controversy and confusion. For example, influenced by the methods of positivism, narrowly constructed 'cause' and 'effect' studies of defensIve medicine have tended to heighten controversy and confusion around the phenomenon. Accordingly, whilst some researchers seem perplexed by the findings of their studies, others appear to have simply abandoned their projects. Thus, in contrast to simplistic 'cause' and 'effect' methods a key aim in this thesis is to adopt a social constructionist, and therefore a reflexive approach to the study of medical practice and discourses of risk. Underpinned by theories of risk and control, the discussion draws upon theoretical concepts that include contestation and therefore 'reflexivity' in knowledge, 'governmentality', trust, autonomy and discretion. In acknowledging in this thesis that risks associated in public discourse with defensive medicine might have some foundation in reality, unlike most studies informed by positivism, neither defensive medicine nor risk are understood as objective realities. Rather, risk is largely considered in relation to representations of the world as being anxious or in crisis of some kind. In sum, thi~/study suggests that 'reflexivity' in professional practice and medical discourses of risk may be viewed within a nexus of social, political, technological and cultural transformation, entailing for example, the organization of trust relations, indeterminacy, and the erosion of control. The thesis is structured around seven chapters. The initial chapters ground the later analysis of data generated via semi-structured interviews with hospital doctors in England and Wales.
Thalamic Activation During Slightly Subphysiological Glycemia in Humans
Creators: name: Videen, T. O.
name: Hershey, T.
name: Powers, W. J.
name: Arbelaez, A. M.
name: Cryer, P. E.
name: Rutlin, J. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: OBJECTIVEThe central nervous system mechanisms of defenses against falling plasma glucose concentrations, and how they go awry and result in iatrogenic hypoglycemia in diabetes, are not known. Hypoglycemic plasma glucose concentrations of 55 mg/dL (3.0 mmol/L) cause symptoms, activate glucose counterregulatory systems, and increase synaptic activity in a network of brain regions including the dorsal midline thalamus in humans. We tested the hypothesis that slightly subphysiological plasma glucose concentrations of 65 mg/dL (3.6 mmol/L), which do not cause symptoms but do activate glucose counterregulatory systems, also activate brain synaptic activities.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe measured relative regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), an index of synaptic activity, in predefined brain regions with [15O]water positron emission tomography, symptoms, and plasma epinephrine and glucagon concentrations during a 2-h euglycemic (90 mg/dL) to hypoglycemic (55 mg/dL) clamp (n = 20) or a 2-h euglycemic to slight subphysiological (65 mg/dL) clamp (n = 9) in healthy humans.RESULTSClamped plasma glucose concentrations of 65 mg/dL did not cause hypoglycemic symptoms, but raised plasma epinephrine and glucagon concentrations and increased rCBF (P = 0.007) only in the dorsal midline thalamus.CONCLUSIONSSlightly subphysiological plasma glucose concentrations increase synaptic activity in the dorsal midline thalamus in humans.
Donepezil alone and combined with intensive language-action therapy on depression and apathy in chronic post-stroke aphasia: A feasibility study
Creators: name: Berthier, Marcelo L.
name: Edelkraut, Lisa
name: López-González, Francisco J.
name: López-Barroso, Diana
name: Mohr, Bettina
name: Pulvermüller, Friedemann
name: Starkstein, Sergio E.
name: Jorge, Ricardo E.
name: Torres-Prioris, María José
name: Dávila, Guadalupe
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Aphasia
subject: Apathy
subject: Depression
subject: Donepezil
subject: Intensive language-action therapy
subject: Neuromaging
subject: Pharmacotherapy
subject: Stroke
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: This study explored the feasibility and effectiveness of a short-term (10-week) intervention trial using Donepezil administered alone and combined with intensive language action therapy (ILAT) for the treatment of apathy and depression in ten people with chronic post-stroke aphasia. Outcome measures were the Western Aphasia Battery and the Stroke Aphasia Depression Questionnaire-21. Structural magnetic resonance imaging and 18fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography were acquired at baseline and after two endpoints (Donepezil alone and Donepezil-ILAT). The intervention was found to be feasible to implement. Large treatment effects were found. Donepezil alone and combined with ILAT reduced aphasia severity, while apathy and depression only improved with Donepezil-ILAT. Structural and functional neuroimaging data did not show conclusive results but provide hints for future research. Given these overall positive findings on feasibility, language and behavioral benefits, further studies in larger sample sizes and including a placebo-control group are indicated.
Albuminuria According to Status of Autoimmunity and Insulin Sensitivity Among Youth With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Creators: name: Dolan, L. M.
name: Lauer, A.
name: Mauer, M.
name: D'Agostino, R. B.
name: Marcovina, S. M.
name: Liese, A. D.
name: Rodriguez, B.
name: Imperatore, G.
name: Maahs, D. M.
name: Reynolds, K.
name: Mottl, A. K.
name: Lawrence, J. M.
name: Gilliam, L. K.
name: Kanakatti Shankar, R.
name: Dabelea, D.
name: Afkarian, M.
name: Mayer-Davis, E. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: OBJECTIVETo evaluate whether etiologic diabetes type is associated with the degree of albuminuria in children with diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSSEARCH is an observational, longitudinal study of children with diabetes. Youth with newly diagnosed diabetes were classified according to diabetes autoantibody (DAA) status and presence of insulin resistance. We defined insulin resistance as an insulin sensitivity score <25th percentile for the United States general youth population. DAA status was based on positivity for the 65-kD isoform of glutamate decarboxylase and insulinoma-associated protein 2 antigens. The four etiologic diabetes type groups were as follows: DAA+/insulin-sensitive (IS) (n = 1,351); DAA+/insulin-resistant (IR) (n = 438); DAA−/IR (n = 379); and DAA−/IS (n = 233). Urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (UACR) was measured from a random urine specimen. Multivariable regression analyses assessed the independent relationship between the four diabetes type groups and magnitude of UACR.RESULTSAdjusted UACR means across the four groups were as follows: DAA+/IS = 154 μg/mg; DAA+/IR = 137 μg/mg; DAA−/IR = 257 μg/mg; and DAA−/IS = 131 μg/mg (P < 0.005). Only DAA−/IR was significantly different. We performed post hoc multivariable regression analysis restricted to the two IR groups to explore the contribution of DAA status and insulin sensitivity (continuous) to the difference in UACR between the IR groups. Only insulin sensitivity was significantly associated with UACR (β = −0.54; P < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONSIn youth with diabetes, the DAA−/IR group had a greater UACR than all other groups, possibly because of the greater magnitude of insulin resistance. Further exploration of the relationships between severity of insulin resistance, autoimmunity, and albuminuria in youth with diabetes is warranted.
$\mathrm{Spin}(9)$-invariant valuations on the octonionic plane
Creators: name: Bernig, Andreas
name: Voide, Floriane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C65

description: The dimensions of the spaces of $k$-homogeneous $\mathrm{Spin}(9)$-invariant valuations on the octonionic plane are computed using results from the theory of differential forms on contact manifolds as well as octonionic geometry and representation theory. Moreover, a valuation on Riemannian manifolds of particular interest is constructed which yields, as a special case, an element of $\mathrm{Val}_2^{\mathrm{Spin}(9)}$.
description: 21 pages
Cancer Incidence Among Those Initiating Insulin Therapy With Glargine Versus Human NPH Insulin
Creators: name: Lim, S.
name: Sturmer, T.
name: MacDonald, E.
name: Buse, J. B.
name: Blonde, L.
name: Zhou, H.
name: Pate, V.
name: Marquis, M. A.
name: LaVange, L. M.
name: Wang, R.
name: Meigs, J. B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: OBJECTIVETo add to the evidence on comparative long-term effects of insulin analog glargine versus human NPH insulin on the risk for cancer.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe identified cohorts of initiators of glargine and human NPH without an insulin prescription during the prior 19 months among patients covered by the Inovalon Medical Outcomes Research for Effectiveness and Economics Registry (MORE2 Registry) between January 2003 and December 2010. Patients were required to have a second prescription of the same insulin within 180 days and to be free of cancer. We balanced cohorts on risk factors for cancer outcomes based on comorbidities, comedication, and health care use during the prior 12 months using inverse probability of treatment weighting. Incident cancer was defined as having two claims for cancer (any cancer) or the same cancer (breast, prostate, colon) within 2 months. We estimated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% CI using weighted Cox models censoring for stopping, switching, or augmenting insulin treatment, end of enrollment, and mortality.RESULTSMore patients initiated glargine (43,306) than NPH (9,147). Initiators of glargine (NPH) were followed for 1.2 (1.1) years and 50,548 (10,011) person-years; 993 (178) developed cancer. The overall HR was 1.12 (95% CI 0.95–1.32). Results were consistent for breast cancer, prostate cancer, and colon cancer; various durations of treatment; and sensitivity analyses.CONCLUSIONSPatients initiating insulin glargine rather than NPH do not seem to be at an increased risk for cancer. While our study contributes significantly to our evidence base for long-term effects, this evidence is very limited mainly based on actual dynamics in insulin prescribing.
Quantification of Impact-Induced Melt Production in Numerical Modeling Revisited
Creators: name: Manske, Lukas
name: Wünnemann, Kai
name: Kurosawa, Kosuke
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: impact heating
subject: numerical modeling
subject: impact melt
subject: melt quantification
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Melting and vaporization of rocks in impact cratering is mostly attributed to be a consequence of shock compression. However, other mechanism such as plastic work and decompression by structural uplift also contribute to melt production. In this study we expand the commonly used method to determine shock-induced melting in numerical models from the peak shock pressure by a new approach to account for additional heating due plastic work and internal friction. We compare our new approach with the straight-forward method to simply quantify melting from the temperature relative to the solidus temperature at any arbitrary point in time in the course of crater formation. This much simpler method does account for plastic work but suffers from reduced accuracy due to numerical diffusion inherent to ongoing advection in impact crater formation models. We demonstrate that our new approach is more accurate than previous methods in particular for quantitative determination of impact melt distribution in final crater structures. In addition, we assess the contribution of plastic work to the overall melt volume and find, that melting is dominated by plastic work for impacts at velocities smaller than 7.5–12.5 km/s in rocks, depending on the material strength. At higher impact velocities shock compression is the dominating mechanism for melting. Here, the conventional peak shock pressure method provides similar results compared with our new model. Our method serves as a powerful tool to accurately determine impact-induced heating in particular at relatively low-velocity impacts.
title: Lifetime measurements probing shape coexistence in 175Au, 174Pt and 175Pt
Creators: name: Watkins, Heidi
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2011

description: For the first time, lifetime measurements of the excited states in 175Au, 174Pt and 175Pt have been measured using the recoil-decay tagging technique in recoil distance Doppler-shift measurements. These states were populated by a fusion-evaporation reaction using a 92Mo target and a 401 MeV 86Sr16+ beam. This work was carried out at the Accelerator laboratory of the University of Jyvaskyla, Finland, where a plunger device has been coupled to the JUROGAM detector array and the RITU gasfilled separator. The present study addresses the phenomenon of shape coexistence in neutron deficient nuclei below the Z = 82 closed shell. Lifetimes of the low-lying excited states in the very neutron-deficient nucleus 175Au have been measured. Transitional quadrupole moments and reduced transition probabilities extracted for this odd-Z nucleus provide evidence for the existence of three distinct shapes and indicate the transition between collective and non collective structures. These measurements constitute the first deformation measurements of triple shape coexistence in a heavy odd-Z nucleus. The results are compared to the available lifetime measurements for Hg and Tl nuclei. A lifetime of the 6+ yrast state in 174Pt has been measured using recoil-decay tagged γ-ray spectra. In addition, lifetimes of the 17/2+ and 21/2+ yrast states in 175Pt have been measured using recoil-gated γγ-coincidence spectra. Transitional quadrupole moments and deformation parameters extracted for these nuclei provide information on the change in nuclear shape resulting from the mixing of different shaped configurations at low spin. The results are compared to TRS calculations produced for neutron deficient Pt nuclei below the neutron N = 104 mid-shell.
Diabetes and Risk of Hospitalized Fall Injury Among Older Adults
Creators: name: Nevitt, M. C.
name: Schwartz, A. V.
name: Shorr, R. I.
name: Yau, R. K.
name: De Rekeneire, N.
name: Harris, T. B.
name: Sellmeyer, D. E.
name: Cauley, J. A.
name: Feingold, K. R.
name: Vittinghoff, E.
name: Cummings, S. R.
name: Strotmeyer, E. S.
name: Resnick, H. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: OBJECTIVETo determine whether older adults with diabetes are at increased risk of an injurious fall requiring hospitalization.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThe longitudinal Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study included 3,075 adults aged 70–79 years at baseline. Hospitalizations that included ICD-9-Clinical Modification codes for a fall and an injury were identified. The effect of diabetes with and without insulin use on the rate of first fall-related injury hospitalization was assessed using proportional hazards models.RESULTSAt baseline, 719 participants had diabetes, and 117 of them were using insulin. Of the 293 participants who were hospitalized for a fall-related injury, 71 had diabetes, and 16 were using insulin. Diabetes was associated with a higher rate of injurious fall requiring hospitalization (hazard ratio [HR] 1.48 [95% CI 1.12–1.95]) in models adjusted for age, race, sex, BMI, and education. In those participants using insulin, compared with participants without diabetes, the HR was 3.00 (1.78–5.07). Additional adjustment for potential intermediaries, such as fainting in the past year, standing balance score, cystatin C level, and number of prescription medications, accounted for some of the increased risk associated with diabetes (1.41 [1.05–1.88]) and insulin-treated diabetes (2.24 [1.24–4.03]). Among participants with diabetes, a history of falling, poor standing balance score, and A1C level ≥8% were risk factors for an injurious fall requiring hospitalization.CONCLUSIONSOlder adults with diabetes, in particular those using insulin, are at greater risk of an injurious fall requiring hospitalization than those without diabetes. Among those with diabetes, poor glycemic control may increase the risk of an injurious fall.
Kepler Flares II: The Temporal Morphology of White-Light Flares on GJ 1243
Creators: name: Davenport, James R. A.
name: Hawley, Suzanne L.
name: Hebb, Leslie
name: Wisniewski, John P.
name: Kowalski, Adam F.
name: Johnson, Emily C.
name: Malatesta, Michael
name: Peraza, Jesus
name: Keil, Marcus
name: Silverberg, Steven M.
name: Jansen, Tiffany C.
name: Scheffler, Matthew S.
name: Berdis, Jodi R.
name: Larsen, Daniel M.
name: Hilton, Eric J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the largest sample of flares ever compiled for a single M dwarf, the active M4 star GJ 1243. Over 6100 individual flare events, with energies ranging from $10^{29}$ to $10^{33}$ erg, are found in 11 months of 1-minute cadence data from Kepler. This sample is unique for its completeness and dynamic range. We have developed automated tools for finding flares in short-cadence Kepler light curves, and performed extensive validation and classification of the sample by eye. From this pristine sample of flares we generate a median flare template. This template shows that two exponential cooling phases are present during the white-light flare decay, providing fundamental constraints for models of flare physics. The template is also used as a basis function to decompose complex multi-peaked flares, allowing us to study the energy distribution of these events. Only a small number of flare events are not well fit by our template. We find that complex, multi-peaked flares occur in over 80% of flares with a duration of 50 minutes or greater. The underlying distribution of flare durations for events 10 minutes and longer appears to follow a broken power law. Our results support the idea that sympathetic flaring may be responsible for some complex flare events.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Diabetes Screening With Hemoglobin A1c Versus Fasting Plasma Glucose in a Multiethnic Middle-School Cohort
Creators: name: Hirst, K.
name: Kaufman, F. R.
name: Buse, J. B.
name: Willi, S.
name: El ghormli, L.
name: Linder, B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: OBJECTIVETo characterize middle-school students from the HEALTHY study with glycemic abnormalities, specifically high-risk hemoglobin A1c (A1C) (hrA1C; A1C = 5.7–6.4%) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG; fasting plasma glucose [FPG] = 100–125 mg/dL).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSHistory was collected by self-report, physical measurement was collected by trained study staff, and fasting blood was drawn by trained phlebotomists and analyzed centrally.RESULTSAt baseline, among 3,980 sixth graders, 128 (3.2%) had hrA1C and 635 (16.0%) had IFG. Compared with A1C <5.7%, hrA1C was associated with non-Hispanic black race/ethnicity, family history of diabetes, and higher measurements of BMI, waist circumference, and fasting insulin. Compared with FPG <100 mg/dL, IFG was associated with Hispanic ethnicity; increased BMI, waist circumference, and fasting insulin; higher frequency of high blood pressure; and higher mean triglycerides. Two years later, children with hrA1C persisted as hrA1C in 59.4%, and one child (0.8%) developed A1C ≥6.5%; children with IFG persisted with IFG in 46.9%, and seven children (1.1%) developed FPG ≥126 mg/dL. Those with hrA1C compared with IFG had a higher BMI in sixth grade, which persisted to eighth grade.CONCLUSIONSIn the HEALTHY study cohort, hrA1C and IFG define different groups of youth with differentially increased diabetes risk markers. IFG is approximately fivefold more common, but hrA1C is more persistent over time. Optimal screening strategies for diabetes in youth remain unresolved.
CD47 restricts antiviral function of alveolar macrophages during influenza virus infection
Creators: name: Wenzek, Christina
name: Steinbach, Philine
name: Wirsdörfer, Florian
name: Sutter, Kathrin
name: Boehme, Julia D.
name: Geffers, Robert
name: Klopfleisch, Robert
name: Bruder, Dunja
name: Jendrossek, Verena
name: Buer, Jan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Virology
subject: influenza A virus
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: CD47 is an ubiquitously expressed surface molecule with significant impact on immune responses. However, its role for antiviral immunity is not fully understood. Here, we revealed that the expression of CD47 on immune cells seemed to disturb the antiviral immune response as CD47-deficient mice (CD47−/−) showed an augmented clearance of influenza A virus (IAV). Specifically, we have shown that enhanced viral clearance is mediated by alveolar macrophages (aMФ). Although aMФ displayed upregulation of CD47 expression during IAV infection in wildtype mice, depletion of aMФ in CD47−/− mice during IAV infection reversed the augmented viral clearance. We have also demonstrated that CD47 restricts hemoglobin (HB) expression in aMФ after IAV and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, with HB showing antiviral properties by enhancing the IFN-β response. Our study showed a negative role for CD47 during antiviral immune responses in the lung by confining HB expression in aMФ.
Lethaxona panduvarna Cook 1967
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Aturidae
Lethaxona
Lethaxona panduvarna

description: Lethaxona panduvarna Cook, 1967
Records from the study area: Maharashtra—Cook (1967); Prasad (1974).
Habitat: Hyporheic interstitial.
Distribution: India.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
Image analysis workflows to reveal the spatial organization of cell nuclei and chromosomes
Creators: name: Randall, Ricardo S.
name: Jourdain, Claire
name: Nowicka, Anna
name: Kaduchová, Kateřina
name: Kubová, Michaela
name: Ayoub, Mohammad A.
name: Schubert, Veit
name: Tatout, Christophe
name: Kalyanikrishna
name: Schubert, Daniel
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nucleus
subject: chromatin
subject: 3D organization
subject: spatial distribution
subject: image analysis
subject: segmentation
subject: quantification
subject: mitosis
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Nucleus, chromatin, and chromosome organization studies heavily rely on fluorescence microscopy imaging to elucidate the distribution and abundance of structural and regulatory components. Three-dimensional (3D) image stacks are a source of quantitative data on signal intensity level and distribution and on the type and shape of distribution patterns in space. Their analysis can lead to novel insights that are otherwise missed in qualitative-only analyses. Quantitative image analysis requires specific software and workflows for image rendering, processing, segmentation, setting measurement points and reference frames and exporting target data before further numerical processing and plotting. These tasks often call for the development of customized computational scripts and require an expertise that is not broadly available to the community of experimental biologists. Yet, the increasing accessibility of high- and super-resolution imaging methods fuels the demand for user-friendly image analysis workflows. Here, we provide a compendium of strategies developed by participants of a training school from the COST action INDEPTH to analyze the spatial distribution of nuclear and chromosomal signals from 3D image stacks, acquired by diffraction-limited confocal microscopy and super-resolution microscopy methods (SIM and STED). While the examples make use of one specific commercial software package, the workflows can easily be adapted to concurrent commercial and open-source software. The aim is to encourage biologists lacking custom-script-based expertise to venture into quantitative image analysis and to better exploit the discovery potential of their images.
The degree of the Alexander polynomial is an upper bound for the topological slice genus
Creators: name: Feller, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 57M27

description: We use the famous knot-theoretic consequence of Freedman's disc theorem---knots with trivial Alexander polynomial bound a locally-flat disc in the 4-ball---to prove the following generalization. The degree of the Alexander polynomial of a knot is an upper bound for twice its topological slice genus. We provide examples of knots where this determines the topological slice genus.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. Comments welcome! Version 2: Change in convention for the degree of the Alexander polynomial. Accepted for publication by Geometry and Topology
Longitudinal Trajectories of Post-Concussive Symptoms Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Creators: name: Keatley, Eva
name: Bechtold, Kathleen
name: Psoter, Kevin
name: Peters, Matthew E
name: Everett, Allen
name: Rao, Vani
name: Van Meter, Timothy E
name: Falk, Hayley
name: Korley, Frederick K
name: Roy, Durga
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Individuals recovering from mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) represent a heterogenous population that requires distinct treatment approaches. Identification of recovery trajectories improves our ability to understand the natural history of mild TBI recovery and develop targeted interventions. To utilize group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) to identify distinct patterns of symptom recovery following mild TBI in the first 6 months after mild TBI. This study is comprised of 253 adults who presented to the emergency department with mild TBI and completed assessments for six-months post-injury. Patients were recruited for the prospective observational cohort study, HeadSMART. The primary outcome measure was the Rivermead Postconcussion Symptom Questionnaire. GBTM was used to identify longitudinal trajectories of recovery following mild TBI using Rivermead scores at baseline, one, three, and six months following diagnosis. Findings identified four distinct trajectories of symptom recovery follwing mild TBI including 9% of participants who were categorized with minimal acute symptoms that decreased over time, 45% with mild acute symptoms that decreased over time, 33% with relatively higher acute symptoms that decreased over time, and 13% with relatively higher acute symptoms that increased over time. GBTM identified four distinct trajectories of recovery following mild TBI and GBTM may be useful for research interventions that can alter recovery trajectories.
Evidence of Sulfur Non-Innocence in [CoII(dithiacyclam)]2+-Mediated Catalytic Oxygen Reduction Reactions
Creators: name: Battistella, Beatrice
name: Iffland-Mühlhaus, Linda
name: Schütze, Maximillian
name: Cula, Beatrice
name: Kuhlmann, Uwe
name: Dau, Holger
name: Hildebrandt, Peter
name: Lohmiller, Thomas
name: Mebs, Stefan
name: Apfel, Ulf-Peter
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cobalt
subject: Macrocyclic Ligands
subject: O−O Activation
subject: Reactive Intermediates
subject: Spectroscopy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: In many metalloenzymes, sulfur-containing ligands participate in catalytic processes, mainly via the involvement in electron transfer reactions. In a biomimetic approach, we now demonstrate the implication of S-ligation in cobalt mediated oxygen reduction reactions (ORR). A comparative study between the catalytic ORR capabilities of the four-nitrogen bound [Co(cyclam)]2+ (1; cyclam=1,5,8,11-tetraaza-cyclotetradecane) and the S-containing analog [Co(S2N2-cyclam)]2+ (2; S2N2-cyclam=1,8-dithia-5,11-diaza-cyclotetradecane) reveals improved catalytic performance once the chalcogen is introduced in the Co coordination sphere. Trapping and characterization of the intermediates formed upon dioxygen activation at the CoII centers in 1 and 2 point to the involvement of sulfur in the O2 reduction process as the key for the improved catalytic ORR capabilities of 2.
Differences in the Management of Type 1 Diabetes Among Adults Under Excellent Control Compared With Those Under Poor Control in the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry
Creators: name: Simmons, J. H.
name: Harlan, D. M.
name: Massaro, E. M.
name: McGill, J. B.
name: Largay, J. F.
name: Goland, R. S.
name: Beck, R. W.
name: Chen, V.
name: Miller, K. M.
name: Bergenstal, R. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: OBJECTIVEOptimizing glycemic control in type 1 diabetes is important to minimize the risk of complications. We used the large T1D Exchange clinic registry database to identify characteristics and diabetes management techniques in adults with type 1 diabetes, differentiating those under excellent glycemic control from those with poorer control.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThe cross-sectional analysis included 627 participants with HbA1c <6.5% (excellent control) and 1,267 with HbA1c ≥8.5% (fair/poor control) at enrollment who were ≥26 years of age (mean ± SD 45.9 ± 13.2 years), were not using continuous glucose monitoring, and had type 1 diabetes for ≥2 years (22.8 ± 13.0 years).RESULTSCompared with the fair/poor control group, participants in the excellent control group had higher socioeconomic status, were more likely to be older and married, were less likely to be overweight, were more likely to exercise frequently, and had lower total daily insulin dose per kilogram (P < 0.0001 for each). Excellent control was associated with more frequent self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), giving mealtime boluses before a meal rather than at the time of or after a meal, performing SMBG before giving a bolus, and missing an insulin dose less frequently (P < 0.0001 for each). Frequency of severe hypoglycemia was similar between groups, whereas diabetic ketoacidosis was more common in the fair/poor control group.CONCLUSIONSDiabetes self-management related to insulin delivery, glucose monitoring, and lifestyle tends to differ among adults with type 1 diabetes under excellent control compared with those under poorer control. Future studies should focus on modifying diabetes management skills in adult type 1 diabetes patients with suboptimal glycemic control.
Electrostatically Induced Superconductivity at the Surface of WS$_2$
Creators: name: Jo, Sanghyun
name: Costanzo, Davide
name: Berger, Helmuth
name: Morpurgo, Alberto F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate transport through ionic liquid gated field effect transistors (FETs) based on exfoliated crystals of semiconducting WS$_2$. Upon electron accumulation, at surface densities close to -or just larger than- 10$^{14}$ cm$^{-2}$, transport exhibits metallic behavior, with the surface resistivity decreasing pronouncedly upon cooling. A detailed characterization as a function of temperature and magnetic field clearly shows the occurrence of a gate-induced superconducting transition below a critical temperature $T_c \approx 4$ K, a finding that represents the first demonstration of superconductivity in tungsten-based semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides. We investigate the nature of superconductivity and find significant inhomogeneity, originating from the local detaching of the frozen ionic liquid from the WS$_2$ surface. Despite the inhomogeneity, we find that in all cases where a fully developed zero resistance state is observed, different properties of the devices exhibit a behavior characteristic of a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition, as it could be expected in view of the two-dimensional nature of the electrostatically accumulated electron system.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures; Nano Letters (2015)
Design of an Electric Bicycle Speed Controller
Creators: name: Metz, Trevor
name: Moore, Jason K.
Publisher: name: Symposium on the Dynamics and Control of Single Track Vehicles
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 91106 Special Vehicles
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 90602 Control Systems, Robotics and Automation
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper is part of the Proceedings of the 2019 Bicycle and Motorcycle Dynamics Conference: A Symposium on the Dynamics and Control of Single Track Vehicles held in Padova, Italy September 9th through 11th in the year 2019.

Artifact ID: 28-paper
Food Insecurity in Relation to Changes in Hemoglobin A1c, Self-Efficacy, and Fruit/Vegetable Intake During a Diabetes Educational Intervention
Creators: name: Dahlke, A. R.
name: Curtis, L.
name: Seligman, H. K.
name: Wolf, M. S.
name: Davis, T. C.
name: DeWalt, D.
name: Lyles, C. R.
name: Schillinger, D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: OBJECTIVE Food insecurity is hypothesized to make diabetes self-management more difficult. We conducted a longitudinal assessment of food insecurity with several diabetes self-care measures.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe conducted a secondary, observational analysis of 665 low-income patients with diabetes, all of whom received self-management support as part of a larger diabetes educational intervention. We analyzed baseline food insecurity (measured by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Security module) in relation to changes in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) as well as self-reported diabetes self-efficacy and daily fruit and vegetable intake. We examined longitudinal differences using generalized estimating equation linear regression models, controlling for time, age, sex, race, income, and intervention arm.RESULTSOverall, 57% of the sample had an income <$15,000. Participants who were food insecure (33%) were younger, had less income, and were more likely to be unemployed compared with participants who were food secure. At baseline, those who were food insecure had higher mean HbA1c values (8.4% vs. 8.0%) and lower self-efficacy and fruit and vegetable intake than those who were food secure (all P < 0.05). Compared with food-secure individuals, participants who were food insecure had significantly greater improvements in HbA1c over time (0.38% decrease compared with 0.01% decrease; P value for interaction <0.05) as well as in self-efficacy (P value for interaction <0.01). There was no significant difference in HbA1c by food security status at follow-up.CONCLUSIONSParticipants experiencing food insecurity had poorer diabetes-related measures at baseline but made significant improvements in HbA1c and self-efficacy. Low-income patients who were food insecure may be particularly receptive to diabetes self-management support, even if interventions are not explicitly structured to address finances or food security challenges.
Estimating the Coherence of Noise
Creators: name: Wallman, Joel J.
name: Granade, Christopher
name: Harper, Robin
name: Flammia, Steven T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noise mechanisms in quantum systems can be broadly characterized as either coherent (i.e., unitary) or incoherent. For a given fixed average error rate, coherent noise mechanisms will generally lead to a larger worst-case error than incoherent noise. We show that the coherence of a noise source can be quantified by the unitarity, which we relate to the average change in purity averaged over input pure states. We then show that the unitarity can be efficiently estimated using a protocol based on randomized benchmarking that is efficient and robust to state-preparation and measurement errors. We also show that the unitarity provides a lower bound on the optimal achievable gate infidelity under a given noisy process.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures (v3: various improvements and stronger results)