cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Periodically patterned columnar thin films as Blazed gratings
Creators: name: Dutta, Jhuma
name: Ramakrishna, S. Anantha
name: Lakhtakia, Akhlesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Periodically patterned columnar thin films (PP-CTFs) were made by evaporating CaF2 and directing the vapor flux obliquely towards lithographically fabricated micrometer/sub-micrometer gratings. The growth of the PP-CTFs was controlled by the deposition rate to form prismatic air cavities within them and they function like blazed diffraction gratings with asymmetric diffraction patterns and diffraction efficiencies upto 52% in transmission at visible wavelengths. Scalar diffraction theory qualitatively explained the measured diffraction efficiencies.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
A Return to the Origins of Ecology through Thomas Hardy’s The Return of the Native
Creators: name: Bertrand, Marie
Publisher: name: Victorian Network
Year: 2022

description: Ecology, in its modern understanding, often invokes exclusively the protection of the non-human environment by humans, without any particular focus on a potential relationship between them. This article invites the reader to go back to the original principles of the ecological thought through a close reading of The Return of the Native, written by Victorian novelist Thomas Hardy. Rediscovering Hardy’s writing in the light of new philosophical and eco-critical works will allow both an assessment of the author’s ecological thinking and of the role of the Victorian period in shaping the features of our contemporary ecological movement. Classical works in phenomenology along with more recent and ground-breaking studies in ecopsychology will offer a new perspective on Hardy’s novel while relocating the interrelationship between humans and non-humans to the forefront of the ecological stage. The involvement of humans within nature and their subsequent concern for its fate will pervade the argument of this article, which, eventually, aims at initiating a debate on an ecological paradox.
description: Victorian Network, Vol. 10 (2021): Victorian Ecologies
Abdul Kareem entropy
Creators: name: , Alelaimat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Abdul Kareem entropy
Soace-time entropy
Time travel machine entropy
Thermodynamics entropy of space-time
Third thermodynamics entropy
Entropy of imaginary information

description: Thsi is a patent certificate in Abdul Kareem entropy which it a specific entropy resulted from the space time methodology.
Guest Editors Introduction: Victorian Ecologies
Creators: name: Miller, Elizabeth Carolyn
Publisher: name: Victorian Network
Year: 2022

description: As recently as 2015 in a review essay titled ‘Where Is Victorian Ecocriticism?’, Jesse Oak Taylor was lamenting the seemingly underdeveloped ecological impulse in Victorian studies and the field’s belated turn to ecocritical frameworks that had already become commonplace in studies of Romanticism and nineteenth-century United States literature. In subsequent years, however, Victorian ecocriticism has exploded, with four special journal issues on the subject appearing in the year 2020 alone. While the vast array of work now appearing displays, like any robust ecosystem, much internal variation, in general we can characterise recent work in Victorian ecologies as possessing two features that distinguish it from ecocritical work in adjacent fields. First, Victorian ecologies as a field tends to emphasise social and anthropogenic natures and a global, imperial frame, perhaps unsurprisingly considering that Victorian Britain saw the culmination of the Industrial Revolution and the expansion of global empire to unprecedented reaches. Secondly, the field of Victorian ecologies has also shaped, and been shaped by, broader debates in Victorian studies about presentism, and it tends to have an overt interest in drawing the connections between nineteenth-century environmental changes and the many ecological emergencies we face today, including climate change, biodiversity and habitat loss, ocean acidification, and the pollution of air, water, and soil.
description: Victorian Network, Vol. 10 (2021): Victorian Ecologies
Additional file 2 of Genetic diversity and population structure of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato across different regions of Colombia
Creators: name: Páez-Triana, Luisa
name: Muñoz, Marina
name: Herrera, Giovanny
name: Moreno-Pérez, Darwin A.
name: Tafur-Gómez, Gabriel A.
name: Montenegro, Diego
name: Patarroyo, Manuel A.
name: Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto
name: Ramírez, Juan David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Primers used for amplification by PCR in 12S rDNA, COI, and ITS2. Table S3. Amplification conditions for each marker used.
Additional file 3 of Genetic diversity and population structure of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato across different regions of Colombia
Creators: name: Páez-Triana, Luisa
name: Muñoz, Marina
name: Herrera, Giovanny
name: Moreno-Pérez, Darwin A.
name: Tafur-Gómez, Gabriel A.
name: Montenegro, Diego
name: Patarroyo, Manuel A.
name: Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto
name: Ramírez, Juan David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S1. Phylogenetic tree with sequences available for the ITS2 marker. Rhipicephalus bursa (GenBank: KM986320) was used as outgroup. Bootstraps >60% are shown. Sequences generated in this study are in bold.
The Connectivity and the Harary Index of a Graph
Creators: name: Li, Xiao-Xin
name: Fan, Yi-Zheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C90

description: The Harary index of a graph is defined as the sum of reciprocals of distances between all pairs of vertices of the graph. In this paper we provide an upper bound of the Harary index in terms of the vertex or edge connectivity of a graph. We characterize the unique graph with maximum Harary index among all graphs with given number of cut vertices or vertex connectivity or edge connectivity. In addition we also characterize the extremal graphs with the second maximum Harary index among the graphs with given vertex connectivity.
Discrimination with an error margin among three symmetric states of a qubit
Creators: name: Sugimoto, H.
name: Taninaka, Y.
name: Hayashi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a state discrimination problem which deals with settings of minimum-error and unambiguous discrimination systematically by introducing a margin for the probability of an incorrect guess. We analyze discrimination of three symmetric pure states of a qubit. The measurements are classified into three types, and one of the three types is optimal depending on the value of the error margin. The problem is formulated as one of semidefinite programming. Starting with the dual problem derived from the primal one, we analytically obtain the optimal success probability and the optimal measurement that attains it in each domain of the error margin. Moreover, we analyze the case of three symmetric mixed states of a qubit.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, typos corrected, presentation improved
Guest Editor's Introduction: How Do We See?
Creators: name: Flint, Kate
Publisher: name: Victorian Network
Year: 2020

description: How do we see? And how do we learn to see? These two questions, despite being highly similar, are far from identical. An increasing number of mid-Victorian commentators, who considered the act of looking from the entwined perspectives of science and culture, investigated them. They explored and explained connections between the physiology and psychology of vision; the relationship between looking, attention, and ocular selection; and the variations in modes of seeing that come about through occupation, environment, and the spaces of sight. These, too, are the issues at the heart of the stimulating essays in this issue of Victorian Network.
description: Victorian Network, Vol. 9 (2020): Victorian Visions
title: Content Description of Very-long-duration Recordings of the Environment
Creators: name: Towsey, Michael
name: Roelofs, Aniek
name: Phillips, Yvonne
name: Truskinger, Anthony
name: Roe, Paul
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Acoustic indices
subject: Soundscape ecology
subject: Eco-acoustics
subject: Acoustic communities
subject: 004
subject: 570
subject: 580
subject: 590
subject: 600
subject: 630

description: Long-duration sound recordings are an established technique to monitor terrestrial ecosystems. Acoustic sensing has several advantages over personal field-surveys, but a disadvantage is that technological advances enable collection of much more audio than can be listened to. Machine learning methods can identify individual species, but these are time-consuming to build and if the species of interest is absent, nothing is revealed about recording content. Visual methods have also been developed to interrogate long-duration recordings but ultimately, interpretation of acoustic recordings must be ground-truthed by listening to the actual sound. However, the ear is constrained to listen in real-time. Even if one listens to 10 hours of one-minute segments, selected randomly from one year of recording, this represents only a 0.11% sample of the data. For this study, we recorded 13 months of continuous audio in natural Australian woodland. We divided the audio into one-minute segments, which yields a content description at one-minute resolution. The feature set representing each segment consists of summary and/or spectral acoustic indices. Our objective in this investigation is two-fold: (1) to maximise content description of a very-long-duration recording while keeping listening to manageable levels; and (2) to determine how content description is influenced by the choice of acoustic features and other variables. We begin by clustering the acoustic feature vectors using the k-means algorithm. Given sufficient clusters (k = 60), each cluster can be interpreted as a discrete acoustic state within the year-long soundscape. We describe four findings: 1. Listening to the medoid minute of each cluster (the minute whose feature vector is closest to the cluster centroid) yields a similar content description to that obtained by listening to a random sample of ten minutes from each cluster. This represents a ten-fold reduction in listening effort. 2. Although k-means is known to produce different clustering outcomes depending on cluster initialisation, we find that content description is little affected by different runs of k-means. 3. Different feature vectors yield a slightly different content description depending on which acoustic events have been ‘targeted’ by the selected features. 4. Training a Hidden Markov Model on the year-long cluster sequence helps to identify the underlying acoustic communities and can be used to obtain a more fine-grained labelling of sound-sources of interest.
description: ICEI 2018 : 10th International Conference on Ecological Informatics- Translating Ecological Data into Knowledge and Decisions in a Rapidly Changing World
D-JRP17-WP5.Del2: Development of a macrophage based in vitro system for rapid assessment of zoonotic potential
Creators: name: Van Den Esker Marielle,
name: Koomen Jeroen
name: Koets Ad
name: Luca, Freddi
name: Djokic Vitomir
name: Melzer Falk
name: Sacchini Flavio
name: Ponsart Claire
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: WP5, Deliverable 2 report
title: Improving acoustic monitoring of biodiversity using deep learning-based source separation algorithms
Creators: name: Tuanmu, Mao-Ning
name: Lin, Tzu-Hao
name: Huang, Joe
name: Tsao, Yu
name: Lee, Chia-Yun
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Bat echolocation calls
subject: Blind source separation
subject: Multi-layer non-negative matrix factorization
subject: Passive acoustic monitoring
subject: 004
subject: 570
subject: 580
subject: 590
subject: 600
subject: 630

description: Passive acoustic monitoring of the environment has been suggested as an effective tool for investigating the dynamics of biodiversity across spatial and temporal scales. Recent development in automatic recorders has allowed environmental acoustic data to be collected in an unattended way for a long duration. However, one of the major challenges for acoustic monitoring is to identify sounds of target taxa in recordings which usually contain undesired signals from non-target sources. In addition, high variation in the characteristics of target sounds, co-occurrence of sounds from multiple target taxa, and a lack of reference data make it even more difficult to separate acoustic signals from different sources. To overcome this issue, we developed an unsupervised source separation algorithm based on a multi-layer (deep) non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). Using reference echolocation calls of 13 bat species, we evaluated the performance of the multi-layer NMF in separating species-specific calls. Results showed that the multi-layer NMF, especially when being pre-trained with reference calls, outperformed the conventional supervised single-layer NMF. We also evaluated the performance of the multi-layer NMF in identifying different types of bat calls in recordings collected in the field. We found comparable performance in call types identification between the multi-layer NMF and human observers. These results suggest that the proposed multi-layer NMF approach can be used to effectively separate acoustic signals of different taxa from long-duration field recordings in an unsupervised manner. The approach can thus improve the applicability of passive acoustic monitoring as a tool to investigate the responses of biodiversity to the changing environment.
description: ICEI 2018 : 10th International Conference on Ecological Informatics- Translating Ecological Data into Knowledge and Decisions in a Rapidly Changing World
Hervé Hasquin, Une mutation. Le »Pays de Charleroi« aux XVII* et XVIIIe siècles. Aux origines de la Révolution industrielle en Belgique. Etudes d’histoire politique, économique et sociale, 1971
Creators: name: Malettke, Klaus
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 2 (1974)
title: Acoustic sensor networks and machine learning: scalable ecological data to advance evidence-based conservation
Creators: name: McKown, Matthew
name: Klein, David
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: passive acoustic monitoring
subject: Deep Learning
subject: evidence-based conservation
subject: 004
subject: 570
subject: 580
subject: 590
subject: 600
subject: 630

description: Evidence-based frameworks have helped to transform decisions in medicine, education, agriculture, and international development. Conservation has lagged other fields in embracing the data-driven revolution, largely because of the difficulty and expense of collecting ecological data over large areas and long time-scales. The decline of forest cover, species loss, and impacts of climate change make it imperative that we develop better tools to measure ecological change and conservation outcomes. Passive acoustic sensors that expand survey effort and machine learning techniques that automate data-processing, are one approach for collecting robust and cost-effective ecological metrics at the required scale. We present data from three case studies where we have developed and applied Deep Learning models to analyze passive acoustic survey data to 1) detect rare and elusive species, 2) estimate population trends from call rates, and 3) quantify wildlife impacts in the built environment and test potential mitigation measures. Our approach to acoustic analysis has contributed rigorous metrics to inform decisions for more than 100 conservation monitoring projects around the globe over the last six years. We discuss our efforts to develop transparent and efficient acoustic analysis workflows, our experience on the relative strengths and limitations of acoustic approaches, and the potential for combining soundscape indices with detection/classification approaches focused on target-species.
description: ICEI 2018 : 10th International Conference on Ecological Informatics- Translating Ecological Data into Knowledge and Decisions in a Rapidly Changing World
Gabriele Kurz, Keltische Hort- und Gewässerfunde in Mitteleuropa – Deponierungen der Latènezeit
Creators: name: Sievers, Susanne
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 78 Nr. 1 (2000)
title: Noise robust 2D bird localization via sound using microphone arrays
Creators: name: Gabriel, Daniel
name: Kojima, Ryosuke
name: Hoshiba, Kotaro
name: Itoyama, Katsutoshi
name: Nishida, Kenji
name: Kazuhiro, Nakadai
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Auditory scene analysis
subject: localization
subject: robot audition
subject: 004
subject: 570
subject: 580
subject: 590
subject: 600
subject: 630

description: Birds in the wild are difficult to localize, because their sizes tend to be small, they move swiftly, and they are often visually occluded. However, their location information is crucial for ethological studies on birds' behaviour. Recently, automating the process has been studied as a hot topic, where spatial sensors and sensor networks are commonly used. To avoid the visual occlusion problem, many studies focus on acoustic signal processing by applying microphone arrays and perform 1D azimuth localization through bird songs. In this study, we perform 2D sound source localization in the Cartesian coordinates using azimuths from multiple microphone arrays. To estimate the exact bird's location, we calculate the intersection points of these azimuth lines. Although this approach is simple and easy to be implemented, it has two main issues. One is that even small noise interference in azimuth values results in corrupting the localization data. This leads to a problem, where the intersection points between the azimuth lines do not intersect in one point for a single bird, but in several points. This proves difficulty in estimating the exact location of each bird. Especially in a far-field application, even small noise corruption leads to large localization errors. The other issue is that in the bird's natural habitat, elements such as leaves, grass and rivers are natural noise sources. It is difficult to extract the bird songs in such a noisy environment. We propose an algorithm involving statistic methods, sound feature analysis and machine learning. Based on this approach, a noise robust bird localization system has been established. We have performed numerous simulations to further understand the limitations of the system. Based on the results we have also derived the system's design guidelines, describing how the results change depending on the number of microphone arrays, signal-to-noise ratio, bird's distance from the devices, array's transfer function, type of the singing bird and specific parameter settings used in the algorithms. Such detailed guidelines support interested researchers in creating a similar system, which can contribute to ethological researches.
description: ICEI 2018 : 10th International Conference on Ecological Informatics- Translating Ecological Data into Knowledge and Decisions in a Rapidly Changing World
Additional file 4 of Genetic diversity and population structure of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato across different regions of Colombia
Creators: name: Páez-Triana, Luisa
name: Muñoz, Marina
name: Herrera, Giovanny
name: Moreno-Pérez, Darwin A.
name: Tafur-Gómez, Gabriel A.
name: Montenegro, Diego
name: Patarroyo, Manuel A.
name: Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto
name: Ramírez, Juan David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S2. Haplotype networks, phylogenetic trees, and haplotype distribution of the sequences generated in this study. a 12S rDNA. b COI. Rhipicephalus leporis (GenBank: FJ536557, KX757911) was used as outgroup. Bootstraps >60% are shown.
Provocative radio transients and base rate bias: a Bayesian argument for conservatism
Creators: name: Hair, Thomas W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most searches for alien radio transmission have focused on finding omni-directional or purposefully earth-directed beams of enduring duration. However, most of the interesting signals so far detected have been transient and non-repeatable in nature. These signals could very well be the first data points in an ever-growing data base of such signals used to construct a probabilistic argument for the existence of extraterrestrial intelligence. This paper looks at the effect base rate bias could have on deciding which signals to include in such an archive based upon the likely assumption that our ability to discern natural from artificial signals will be less than perfect.
Alberto J. Lorrio, Los Celtíberos (2a Edición ampliada y actualizada)
Creators: name: Stary, Peter F.
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Alberto J. Lorrio, Los Celtíberos (2a Edición ampliada y actualizada). Biblioteca Archaeologica
Hispana 25. Real Academia de la Historia, Universidad Complutense Madrid 2005.
ISBN 84-95983-62-1. 495 Seiten mit 143 Abbildungen, 2 Tabellen und 8 Tafeln.
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 85 Nr. 1 (2007)
Advantages of using YBCO-Nanowire-YBCO heterostructures in the search for Majorana Fermions
Creators: name: Lucignano, P.
name: Mezzacapo, A.
name: Tafuri, F.
name: Tagliacozzo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an alternative platform to observe Majorana bound states in solid state systems. High critical temperature cuprate superconductors can induce superconductivity, by proximity effect, in quasi one dimensional nanowires with strong spin orbit coupling. They favor a wider and more robust range of conditions to stabilize Majorana fermions due to the large gap values, and offer novel functionalities in the design of the experiments determined by different dispersion for Andreev bound states as a function of the phase difference.
description: 4 Pages, 3 figures, submission date 30-Apr-2012
Attractor networks and memory replay of phase coded spike patterns
Creators: name: Giacco, Ferdinando
name: Scarpetta, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We analyse the storage and retrieval capacity in a recurrent neural network of spiking integrate and fire neurons. In the model we distinguish between a learning mode, during which the synaptic connections change according to a Spike-Timing Dependent Plasticity (STDP) rule, and a recall mode, in which connections strengths are no more plastic. Our findings show the ability of the network to store and recall periodic phase coded patterns a small number of neurons has been stimulated. The self sustained dynamics selectively gives an oscillating spiking activity that matches one of the stored patterns, depending on the initialization of the network.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1210.6789
Additional file 5 of Genetic diversity and population structure of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato across different regions of Colombia
Creators: name: Páez-Triana, Luisa
name: Muñoz, Marina
name: Herrera, Giovanny
name: Moreno-Pérez, Darwin A.
name: Tafur-Gómez, Gabriel A.
name: Montenegro, Diego
name: Patarroyo, Manuel A.
name: Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto
name: Ramírez, Juan David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S4. FU’s tests in the Amazonas Department and the phylogenetically separated population by the mitochondrial markers and their concatenated set (Concatenated M).
Scattering by linear defects in graphene: a continuum approach
Creators: name: Rodrigues, J. N. B.
name: Peres, N. M. R.
name: Santos, J. M. B. Lopes dos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the low-energy electronic transport across periodic extended defects in graphene. In the continuum low-energy limit, such defects act as infinitesimally thin stripes separating two regions where Dirac Hamiltonian governs the low-energy phenomena. The behavior of these systems is defined by the boundary condition imposed by the defect on the massless Dirac fermions. We demonstrate how this low-energy boundary condition can be computed from the tight-binding model of the defect line. For simplicity we consider defect lines oriented along the zigzag direction, which requires the consideration of only one copy of Dirac equation. Three defect lines of this kind are studied and shown to be mappable between them: the pentagon-only, the zz(558) and the zz(5757) defect lines. In addition, in this same limit, we calculate the conductance across such defect lines with size L, and find it to be proportional to k_FL at low temperatures.
description: Major revision relative to version v1; http://prb.aps.org/abstract/PRB/v86/i21/e214206
Heiko Riemer, Die Aschenaltäre aus dem Reitia-Heiligtum von Este im mitteleuropäischen und mediterranen Vergleich
Creators: name: Gleirscher, Paul
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Heiko Riemer, Die Aschenaltäre aus dem Reitia-Heiligtum von Este im mitteleuropäischen
und mediterranen Vergleich. Gli altari di ceneri del santuario di Reitia a Este
nel contesto centro-europeo e mediterraneo. Mit Beiträgen von Henriette Manhart und
Rainer Pasternak. Con contributi di Henriette Manhart e Rainer Pasternak. Studien zu
vor- und frühgeschichtlichen Heiligtümern 4. Il santuario di Reitia a Este 3. Herausgegeben
von Heinz-Werner Dämmer, 2005. Verlag Philipp von Zabern, Mainz.
ISBN 3-8053-3356-0. 429 Seiten mit zahlreichen Abbildungen und Tabellen sowie
28 Tafeln und 3 Beilagen.
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 85 Nr. 2 (2007)
Ein Gefäß mit drei Tüllen aus Calle, Kr. Grafschaft Hoya
Creators: name: Peters, Hans-Günter
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 42 (1973): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Finding η Car Analogs in Nearby Galaxies Using Spitzer: I. Candidate Selection
Creators: name: Khan, Rubab
name: Stanek, K. Z.
name: Kochanek, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The late-stage evolution of the most massive stars such as η Carinae is controlled by the effects of mass loss, which may be dominated by poorly understood eruptive mass ejections. Understanding this population is challenging because no true analogs of η Car have been clearly identified in the Milky Way or other galaxies. We utilize Spitzer IRAC images of 7 nearby (=<4 Mpc) galaxies to search for such analogs. We find 34 candidates with a flat or rising mid-IR spectral energy distributions towards longer mid-infrared wavelengths that emit 10^5 L_sun in the IRAC bands (3.6 to 8.0 micron) and are not known to be background sources. Based on our estimates for the expected number of background sources, we expect that follow-up observations will show that most of these candidates are not dust enshrouded massive stars, with an expectation of only 6+-6 surviving candidates. Since we would detect true analogs of η Car for roughly 200 years post-eruption, this implies that the rate of eruptions like η Car is less than the ccSN rate. It is possible, however, that every M > 40 M_sun star undergoes such eruptions given our initial results. In Paper II we will characterize the candidates through further analysis and follow-up observations, and there is no barrier to increasing the galaxy sample by an order of magnitude.
description: 31 pages, 10 figures, 6 tables; submitted to ApJ
Balanophyllia dentata Tenison-Woods 1879
Creators: name: Cairns, S. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Scleractinia
Dendrophylliidae
Balanophyllia
Balanophyllia dentata

description: Balanophyllia dentata Tenison-Woods, 1879 Balanophyllia dentata Tenison-Woods, 1879a: 98–99, pl. 10, figs. 1, 1a (“South Coast”).– Squires, 1961: 18 (listed).– Veron, 1986: 586 (listed).–Cairns & Parker, 1992: 51, figs. 17d–g (NSW). Balanophyllia affinis.– Wells, 1964: 109, 114–116, pl. 2, figs. 1– 3 (Qld, USNM 68376). Balanophyllia eguchii Wells, 1982: 211–213 (in part: specimen from Queensland, 85 m, USNM 68376).– Veron, 1986: 586 (listed). New records. NEW SOUTH WALES: 33°48.1'S 151°17.6'E (Cabbage Tree Bay, Manly), depth and date unknown, 18, AM G11910; 33°51'S 151°16'E (Port Jackson), depth and date unknown, 9, AM G7940; Thetis 34, 1, AM G16619; Thetis 48, 2, AM G16535; 35°20'S 150°47'E, 135 m, May 1954, 2, AM G16654; Kimbla 1, 5, AM G16493; Kimbla 2, 9: 3, USNM 1009342, 6, AM G16708. Types. The holotype is deposited at the Macleay Museum. Type Locality: “ South Coast ” of Australia, depth unknown.
description: Published as part of Cairns, S. D., 2004, The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia, pp. 259-329 in Records of the Australian Museum 56 on page 312
description: {"references": ["Tenison-Woods, J. E., 1879 a. On a new species of Psammoseris. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 3: 8 - 11, 1 pl.", "Squires, D. F., 1961. Deep sea corals collected by the Lamont Geological Observatory. 2. Scotia Sea corals. American Museum Novitates 2046: 48 pp., including 31 figs.", "Veron, J. E. N., 1986. Corals of Australia and the Indo-Pacific. Pp. xii + 644, many unnumbered figs. North Ryde [Sydney]: Angus & Robertson.", "Wells, J. W., 1964. Ahermatypic corals from Queensland. University of Queensland Papers, Department of Zoology 2 (6): 107 - 121, 3 pls.", "Wells, J. W., 1982. Notes on Indo-Pacific scleractinian corals. Part 9. New corals from the Galapagos Islands. Pacific Science 36 (2): 211 - 219, 4 pls."]}
title: Extracting Trait Data from Digitized Herbarium Specimens Using Deep Convolutional Networks
Creators: name: Younis, Sohaib
name: Schmidt, Marco
name: Weiland, Claus
name: Dressler, Stefan
name: Tautenhahn, Susanne
name: Kattge, Jens
name: Seeger, Bernhard
name: Hickler, Thomas
name: Hoehndorf, Robert
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Trait Recognition, Deep Convolutional Neural Network, Plant Phenotyping, Digitized Natural History Collections, Image Processing
subject: 004
subject: 570
subject: 580
subject: 590
subject: 600
subject: 720

description: Herbarium collections have been the foundation of taxonomical research for centuries and become increasingly important for related fields such as plant ecology or biogeography. Herbaria worldwide are estimated to include c. 400 million specimens, by inclusion of type specimens cover with few exceptions all known plant taxa (c. 350 000 species) and have a temporal dimension that is reached by only few other botanical data sources. Presently, c. 13.5 million digitized herbarium specimens are available online via institutional websites or aggregating websites like GBIF. We used these specimen images in combination with morphological trait data obtained from TRY and the FLOPO knowledge base in order to train deep convolutional networks to recognize these traits as well as phenological states from specimen images. To improve trait recognition, we expanded our approach to include high resolution scans to enable fine grain feature extraction. Furthermore we analyze differences in recognizability of traits depending on trait group (e.g. leaf traits) or higher taxa. Newly mobilized trait data will be used to improve our trait databases. Our approach is described in detail and performance in the recognition of different traits is analyzed and discussed.
description: ICEI 2018 : 10th International Conference on Ecological Informatics- Translating Ecological Data into Knowledge and Decisions in a Rapidly Changing World
Scattering series in mobility problem for suspensions
Creators: name: Makuch, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mobility problem for suspension of spherical particles immersed in an arbitrary flow of a viscous, incompressible fluid is considered in the regime of low Reynolds numbers. The scattering series which appears in the mobility problem is simplified. The simplification relies on the reduction of the number of types of single-particle scattering operators appearing in the scattering series. In our formulation there is only one type of single-particle scattering operator.
description: 11 pages
Eisenschmelzöfen im Forst Stühe, Gem. Dötlingen, Lkr. Oldenburg
Creators: name: Steffens, Heino-Gerd
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 43 (1974): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
The extended X-ray emission around RRAT J1819-1458
Creators: name: Camero-Arranz, A.
name: Rea, N.
name: Bucciantini, N.
name: McLaughlin, M. A.
name: Slane, P.
name: Gaensler, B. M.
name: Torres, D. F.
name: Stella, L.
name: de Oña, E.
name: Israel, G. L.
name: Camilo, F.
name: Possenti, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new imaging and spectral analysis of the recently discovered extended X-ray emission around the high magnetic field rotating radio transient RRAT J1819-1458. We used two Chandra observations performed for this object in 2008 May 31 and 2011 May 28, respectively. The diffuse X-ray emission was detected with a significance of \sim19 sigma in the image obtained by combining the two observations. Neither long-term spectral nor timing variability have been observed from the source or the nebula. RRAT J1819-1458 shows an unusual high X-ray efficiency of L_x(0.3-5 keV)/Edot_{rot} \sim 0.15 at converting spin-down power into X-ray luminosity. The most favourable scenario for the origin of this extended X-ray emission is either a pulsar-wind nebula (PWN) or a scattering halo. A magnetically powered scenario for the extended emission is viable only in the case of a Compton nebula, while can be tentatively disfavoured in the case of synchrotron emission.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures. Accepted 2012 November 28. Received 2012 October 8
Perfect quantum transport in arbitrary spin networks
Creators: name: Ajoy, Ashok
name: Cappellaro, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin chains have been proposed as wires to transport information between distributed registers in a quantum information processor. Unfortunately, the challenges in manufacturing linear chains with engineered couplings has hindered experimental implementations. Here we present strategies to achieve perfect quantum information transport in arbitrary spin networks. Our proposal is based on the weak coupling limit for pure state transport, where information is transferred between two end-spins that are only weakly coupled to the rest of the network. This regime allows disregarding the complex, internal dynamics of the bulk network and relying on virtual transitions or on the coupling to a single bulk eigenmode. We further introduce control methods capable of tuning the transport process and achieve perfect fidelity with limited resources, involving only manipulation of the end-qubits. These strategies could be thus applied not only to engineered systems with relaxed fabrication precision, but also to naturally occurring networks; specifically, we discuss the practical implementation of quantum state transfer between two separated nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers through a network of nitrogen substitutional impurities.
description: 5+7 pages
title: Youth (Impact) Entrepreneurship  in Deutschland
title: Was junge Menschen an einer (nachhaltigen)  Gründung hindert und was sie fördern würde
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Schüler, Jens
name: Konari, Nima Esmaili
name: Jakob, Eva
name: Baum, Matthias
name: Wolinda, Marc
Publisher: name: Bertelsmann Stiftung
Year: 2023
Subjects: Unternehmensgründung
Unternehmensgründer:innen
Junger Mensch
Youth Entrepreneurship
Startup

description: Die nächste Generation junger Unternehmer:innen kann entscheidende Impulse für die nachhaltige Transformation der Wirtschaft geben. Denn in Deutschland lässt sich rund ein Viertel der unternehmerischen Aktivitäten auf junge Unternehmer:innen – sogenannten Youth Entrepreneurs – zurückführen. Im internationalen Vergleich bewegt sich die Bundesrepublik dabei jedoch nur im Mittelfeld.
A peculiar thermonuclear X-ray burst from the transiently accreting neutron star SAX J1810.8-2609
Creators: name: Degenaar, N.
name: Wijnands, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a thermonuclear (type-I) X-ray burst that was detected from the neutron star low-mass X-ray binary SAX J1810.8-2609 in 2007 with Swift. This event was longer (~20 min) and more energetic (a radiated energy of Eb~6.5E39 erg) than other X-ray bursts observed from this source. A possible explanation for the peculiar properties is that the X-ray burst occurred during the early stage of the outburst when the neutron star was relatively cold, which allows for the accumulation of a thicker layer of fuel. We also report on a new accretion outburst of SAX J1810.8-2609 that was observed with MAXI and Swift in 2012. The outburst had a duration of ~17 days and reached a 2-10 keV peak luminosity of Lx~3E37(D/5.7kpc)^2 erg/s. This is a factor >10 more luminous than the two previous outbursts observed from the source, and classifies it as a bright rather than a faint X-ray transient.
description: Proceedings of IAUS 291 "Neutron Stars and Pulsars: Challenges and Opportunities after 80 years", J. van Leeuwen (ed.); 4 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables, contributed talk
Probing the charge of a quantum dot with a nanomechanical resonator
Creators: name: Meerwaldt, Harold B.
name: Labadze, Giorgi
name: Schneider, Ben H.
name: Taspinar, Ahmet
name: Blanter, Yaroslav M.
name: van der Zant, Herre S. J.
name: Steele, Gary A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the mechanical motion of a carbon nanotube (CNT) as a probe of the average charge on a quantum dot. Variations of the resonance frequency and the quality factor are determined by the change in average charge on the quantum dot during a mechanical oscillation. The average charge, in turn, is influenced by the gate voltage, the bias voltage, and the tunnel rates of the barriers to the leads. At bias voltages that exceed the broadening due to tunnel coupling, the resonance frequency and quality factor show a double dip as a function of gate voltage. We find that increasing the current flowing through the CNT at the Coulomb peak does not increase the damping, but in fact decreases damping. Using a model with energy-dependent tunnel rates, we obtain quantitative agreement between the experimental observations and the model. We theoretically compare different contributions to the single-electron induced nonlinearity, and show that only one term is significant for both the Duffing parameter and the mode coupling parameter. We also present additional measurements which support the model we develop: Tuning the tunnel barriers of the quantum dot to the leads gives a 200-fold decrease of the quality factor. Single-electron tunneling through an excited state of the CNT quantum dot also changes the average charge on the quantum dot, bringing about a decrease in the resonance frequency. In the Fabry-Pérot regime, the absence of charge quantization results in a spring behaviour without resonance frequency dips, which could be used, for example, to probe the transition from quantized to continuous charge with a nanomechanical resonator.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures
Pulse-gated quantum dot hybrid qubit
Creators: name: Koh, Teck Seng
name: Gamble, John King
name: Friesen, Mark
name: Eriksson, M. A.
name: Coppersmith, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum dot hybrid qubit formed from three electrons in a double quantum dot has the potential for great speed, due to presence of level crossings where the qubit becomes charge-like. Here, we show how to take full advantage of the level crossings in a pulsed gating scheme, which decomposes the spin qubit into a series of charge transitions. We develop one and two-qubit dc quantum gates that are simpler than the previously proposed ac gates. We obtain closed form solutions for the control sequences and show that these sub-nanosecond gates can achieve high fidelities.
description: ~5 pages, 3 figures, includes supplemental information
The Discovery of HD 37605c and a Dispositive Null Detection of Transits of HD 37605b
Creators: name: Wang, Sharon Xuesong
name: Wright, Jason T.
name: Cochran, William
name: Kane, Stephen R.
name: Henry, Gregory W.
name: Payne, Matthew J.
name: Endl, Michael
name: MacQueen, Phillip J.
name: Valenti, Jeff A.
name: Antoci, Victoria
name: Dragomir, Diana
name: Matthews, Jaymie M.
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Marcy, Geoffrey W.
name: Isaacson, Howard
name: Ford, Eric B.
name: Mahadevan, Suvrath
name: von Braun, Kaspar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the radial-velocity discovery of a second planetary mass companion to the K0 V star HD 37605, which was already known to host an eccentric, P~55 days Jovian planet, HD 37605b. This second planet, HD 37605c, has a period of ~7.5 years with a low eccentricity and an Msini of ~3.4 MJup. Our discovery was made with the nearly 8 years of radial velocity follow-up at the Hobby-Eberly Telescope and Keck Observatory, including observations made as part of the Transit Ephemeris Refinement and Monitoring Survey (TERMS) effort to provide precise ephemerides to long-period planets for transit follow-up. With a total of 137 radial velocity observations covering almost eight years, we provide a good orbital solution of the HD 37605 system, and a precise transit ephemeris for HD 37605b. Our dynamic analysis reveals very minimal planet-planet interaction and an insignificant transit time variation. Using the predicted ephemeris, we performed a transit search for HD 37605b with the photometric data taken by the T12 0.8-m Automatic Photoelectric Telescope (APT) and the Microvariability and Oscillations of Stars (MOST) satellite. Though the APT photometry did not capture the transit window, it characterized the stellar activity of HD 37605, which is consistent of it being an old, inactive star, with a tentative rotation period of 57.67 days. The MOST photometry enabled us to report a dispositive null detection of a non-grazing transit for this planet. Within the predicted transit window, we exclude an edge-on predicted depth of 1.9% at >>10sigma, and exclude any transit with an impact parameter b>0.951 at greater than 5sigma. We present the BOOTTRAN package for calculating Keplerian orbital parameter uncertainties via bootstrapping. We found consistency between our orbital parameters calculated by the RVLIN package and error bars by BOOTTRAN with those produced by a Bayesian analysis using MCMC.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, 7 tables, accepted to be published in ApJ. For machine-readable tables, see http://sites.google.com/site/sharonxuesong/publications/a001_hd37605 . For the BOOTTRAN package, see http://exoplanets.org/old/code/
title: Deep Learning Approach for Mapping Arctic Vegetation using Multi-Sensor Remote Sensing Fusion
Creators: name: Kumar, Jitendra
name: Langford, Zachary
name: Hoffman, Forrest
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: deep learning, arctic vegetation, remote sensing, multi-sensor fusion
subject: 004
subject: 570
subject: 580
subject: 590
subject: 600
subject: 630

description: Land cover datasets are essential for modeling Arctic ecosystem structure and function and for understanding land–atmosphere interactions at high spatial resolutions. However, most Arctic land cover products are generated at a coarse resolution, and finding quality satellite remote sensing datasets to produce such maps is difficult due to cloud cover, polar darkness, and poor availability of high-resolution imagery. A multi-sensor remote sensing-based deep learning approach was developed for generating high-resolution (5 m) vegetation maps for the western Alaskan Arctic on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska. The datasets from hyperspectral, multispectral, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) platforms, and terrain datasets were fused together using unsupervised and supervised classification techniques over a 343 km2 region to generate high-resolution (5 m) vegetation type maps. A unsupervised technique was developed to classify high-dimensional remote sensing datasets into cohesive clusters and a quantitative technique to add supervision to the unlabeled clusters was employed, producing a fully labeled vegetation map. Deep neural networks (DNNs) were developed using multi-sensor remote sensing datasets to map vegetation distributions using the original labels and the labels produced by the unsupervised method for training [1]. Fourteen different combinations of remote sensing imagery were analyzed to explore the optimization of multi-sensor remote sensing fusion. To validate the resulting DNN-based vegetation maps, field vegetation observations were conducted at 30 plots during the summer of 2016 and developed vegetation maps were evaluated against them for accuracy. Our analysis showed that the DNN models based on hyperspectral EO-1 Hyperion, integrated with the other remote sensing data, provided the most accurate mapping of vegetation types, increasing the average validation score from 0.56 to 0.70 based on field observation-based vegetation. REFERENCES: 1. Langford, Z. L., Kumar, J., and Hoffman, F. M., "Convolutional Neural Network Approach for Mapping Arctic Vegetation Using Multi-Sensor Remote Sensing Fusion," 2017 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW), New Orleans, LA, 2017, pp. 322-331. doi: 10.1109/ICDMW.2017.48
description: ICEI 2018 : 10th International Conference on Ecological Informatics- Translating Ecological Data into Knowledge and Decisions in a Rapidly Changing World