cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lagrangian statistics of light particles in turbulence
Creators: name: Mercado, Julian Martinez
name: Prakash, Vivek N.
name: Tagawa, Yoshiyuki
name: Sun, Chao
name: Lohse, Detlef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Lagrangian velocity and acceleration statistics of light particles (micro-bubbles in water) in homogeneous isotropic turbulence. Micro-bubbles with a diameter of 340 microns and Stokes number from 0.02 to 0.09 are dispersed in a turbulent water tunnel operated at Taylor-Reynolds numbers (Re) ranging from 160 to 265. We reconstruct the bubble trajectories by employing three-dimensional particle tracking velocimetry (PTV). It is found that the probability density functions (PDFs) of the micro-bubble acceleration show a highly non-Gaussian behavior with flatness values in the range 23-30. The acceleration flatness values show an increasing trend with Re, consistent with previous experiments (Voth et al., JFM, 2002) and numerics (Ishihara et al., JFM, 2007). These acceleration PDFs show a higher intermittency compared to tracers (Ayyalasomayajula et al., Phys. Fluids, 2008) and heavy particles (Ayyalasomayajula et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 2006) in wind tunnel experiments. In addition, the micro-bubble acceleration autocorrelation function decorrelates slower with increasing Re. We also compare our results with experiments in von Karman flows and point-particle direct numerical simulations with periodic boundary conditions.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, revised manuscript
Self-correcting quantum memory with a boundary
Creators: name: Hutter, Adrian
name: Wootton, James R.
name: Röthlisberger, Beat
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the two-dimensional toric code Hamiltonian with effective long-range interactions between its anyonic excitations induced by coupling the toric code to external fields. It has been shown that such interactions allow to increase the lifetime of the stored quantum information arbitrarily by making $L$, the linear size of the memory, larger [Phys. Rev. A 82 022305 (2010)]. We show that for these systems the choice of boundary conditions (open boundaries as opposed to periodic boundary conditions) is not a mere technicality; the influence of anyons produced at the boundaries becomes in fact dominant for large enough $L$. This influence can be both beneficial or detrimental. In particular, we study an effective Hamiltonian proposed in [Phys. Rev. B 83 115415 (2011)] that describes repulsion between anyons and anyon holes. For this system, we find a lifetime of the stored quantum information that grows exponentially in $L^2$ for both periodic and open boundary conditions, though the exponent in the latter case is found to be less favourable. However, $L$ is upper-bounded through the breakdown of the perturbative treatment of the underlying Hamiltonian.
description: 14+2 pages, 10 figures, revtex; v2: author added; v3: minor improvements, to appear in Phys. Rev. A
Four questions relating to creativity and co-production – Evidence & Policy Blog
Creators: name: Langley, Joe
name: Kayes, Nicola
name: gwilt, ian
name: smith, sarah
name: Snelgrove-Clarke, Erna
name: Craig, Claire
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 330306
subject: Design practice and methods

description: Reflections arising from an Evidence & Policy Special Issue exploring the role and value of Creative Practices in Co-production. This blog post is based on the Editorial to the Special Issue, ‘Exploring the value and role of creative practices in research co-production’.
Physical equivalence between the covariant and physical graviton two-point functions in de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Faizal, Mir
name: Higuchi, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T20

description: It is known that the covariant graviton two-point function in de Sitter spacetime is infrared divergent for some choices of gauge parameters. On the other hand it is also known that there are no infrared divergences requiring an infrared cutoff for the physical graviton two-point function for this spacetime in the transverse-traceless-synchronous gauge in the global coordinate system. We show in this paper that the covariant graviton Wightman two-point function with two gauge parameters is equivalent to the physical one in the global coordinate system in the sense that they produce the same two-point function of any local gauge-invariant tensor linear in the graviton field such as the linearized Weyl tensor. This confirms the fact, pointed out decades ago, that the infrared divergences of the graviton two-point function in the covariant gauge for some choices of gauge parameters are gauge artifact in the sense that they do not contribute to the Wightman two-point function of any local gauge invariant tensor field in linearized theory.
description: 33 pages (Revtex), no figures, misprints corrected, reference added
Khorata wangae YAO & LI, 2010, sp. nov.
Creators: name: YAO, ZHIYUAN
name: LI, SHUQIANG
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Pholcidae
Khorata
Khorata wangae

description: Khorata wangae sp. nov. Figs 59–60, 61 Type material: Holotype: female (IZCAS), Tongtian Cave [24°38.036ʹN, 110°25.053ʹE, alt. 188 m], Maling Town, Lipu County, Guilin, Guangxi, China, 20 August 2009, Z.Y. Yao and C.X. Wang leg. Paratype: 1 female (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology: The specific name is a patronym in honor of the collector C. X. Wang (Chunxia Wang, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing). 30A, 32B, 34A, 36C, 59A, 60A), but can be distinguished by the shape of pore plates of epigynum (Figs 59B, 60B). This species can be distinguished from K. jaegeri Huber, 2005 and K. schwendingeri Huber, 2005 by the black margins and the black median stripe behind ocular area (Fig. 59C). Description: Female (holotype): Total length 2.34 (2.45 with clypeus), prosoma 0.77 long, 0.91 wide, opisthosoma 1.57 long, 1.27 wide. Leg I: 16.92 (4.22 + 0.44 + 4.38 + 5.91 + 1.97), leg II: 10.95 (3.09 + 0.39 + 2.68 + 3.61 + 1.18), leg III: 8.30 (2.45 + 0.36 + 1.97 + 2.70 + 0.82), leg IV: 10.65 (3.25 + 0.37 + 2.56 + 3.63 + 0.84); tibia I L/d: 40. Habitus as in Figs 59C–D. Dorsal shield of prosoma yellowish, with black margins and black median stripe behind ocular area; sternum black. Legs yellowish, with slightly darker rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally). Opisthosoma grey with large black spots dorsally and ventrally. Ocular area slightly elevated and separated from prosoma, thoracic furrow shallow but distinct; distance PME-PME 0.08; diameter PME 0.12; distance PME-ALE 0.01; AME absent. Sternum slightly wider than long (0.67/0.62). Retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia I at 14%; legs with short vertical hairs on all metatarsi (mostly dorsally and laterally), without spines and curved hairs; tarsus I with more than 37 pseudosegments, only about 12 distinct ones distally. Genital area brown (Figs 59A, 60A), with internal structures nearly invisible through cuticle, without distinct pockets. Dorsal view of epigynum (Figs 59B, 60B) with two pore plates. Variation: Unknown (Leg I lost in another specimen). Distribution: The species is known only from the type locality (Fig. 61).
description: Published as part of YAO, ZHIYUAN & LI, SHUQIANG, 2010, Pholcid spiders of the genus Khorata Huber, 2005 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Guangxi, China, pp. 1-79 in Zootaxa 2594 (1) on pages 16-17, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2594.1.1
Generation of dispersive shock waves by the flow of a Bose-Einstein condensate past a narrow obstacle
Creators: name: Kamchatnov, A. M.
name: Pavloff, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the flow of a quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate incident onto a narrow obstacle. We consider a configuration in which a dispersive shock is formed and propagates upstream away from the obstacle while the downstream flow reaches a supersonic velocity, generating a sonic horizon. Conditions for obtaining this regime are explicitly derived and the accuracy of our analytical results is confirmed by numerical simulations.
The Role of the Autonomic Nervous System in Mediating the Relationship Between the Gut Microbiota and Social Behaviour
Creators: name: Zinman, Julia
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: vagus nerve
subject: childhood
subject: social behaviour
subject: gut microbiota
subject: Psychology--Developmental
subject: Psychobiology

description: Social competence is profoundly important for child development by influencing personality and quality of life. Recent discoveries indicate that bacteria within the gastrointestinal tract (i.e. gut microbiota), play an important role in social behaviour through connections to the brain (i.e. the microbiota-gut-brain axis). One of these connections occurs through the vagus nerve, which is a prominent member of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). We aimed to determine whether the gut microbiota at 3-4 years of age was associated with social behaviour deficits, and whether this relationship was mediated by vagal activity. We used data (n=248) from the prospective APrON study. Stool microbiota was assessed for its bacterial composition using 16s sequencing and its metabolome using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Vagal activity was indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) collected in lab. Social behaviour was assessed using the Behavioural Assessment System for Children (BASC-2). We used raw and adjusted Spearman correlation analyses to investigate the associations between the gut microbiota, baseline RSA and social behaviour. We investigated whether vagal activity mediates the relationship between the gut microbiota and social behaviour using PROCESS. Greater alpha diversity predicted lower Withdrawal scores at 3-4 years old. Associations between stool taxa and social behaviour were not statistically significant after performing a false detection rate (FDR) correction. Baseline RSA was positively associated with Bullying scores in males but not females. There was no significant mediation effect of baseline RSA on the relationship between the gut microbiota and social behaviour. Ultimately, exploring the intricate relationship between gut microbiota and behaviour in children is of utmost significance, as it holds the potential to revolutionize our understanding of child development and well-being.
Additional file 1 of The sensitivity and specificity of using the McGill pain subscale for diagnosing neuropathic and non-neuropathic chronic pain in the total joint arthroplasty population
Creators: name: Boljanovic-Susic, Dragana
name: Ziebart, Christina
name: MacDermid, Joy
name: de Beer, Justin
name: Petruccelli, Danielle
name: Woodhouse, Linda J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Inflation driven by particle creation
Creators: name: Carneiro, Saulo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The creation of ultra-light dark particles in the late-time FLRW spacetime provides a cosmological model in accordance with precise observational tests. The matter creation backreaction implies in this context a vacuum energy density scaling linearly with the Hubble parameter H, which is consistent with the vacuum expectation value of the QCD condensate in a low-energy expanding spacetime. Both the cosmological constant and coincidence problems are alleviated in this scenario. We also explore the opposite, high energy limit of the particle creation process. We show that it leads to a non-singular primordial universe where an early inflationary era takes place, with natural reheating and exit. The generated primordial spectrum is scale invariant and, by supposing that inflation lasts for 60 e-folds, we obtain a scalar expectral index n = 0.97.
description: Some discussions and references added
Peeking Through the Windows: Hyperparameters, Administrative Data, and Selective Windowing
Creators: name: Taib, Musa Jabbar
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Administrative Health Data
subject: Machine Learning
subject: Time series analysis
subject: Binning
subject: Windowing
subject: Artificial Intelligence

description: With the growth of administrative data due to increased storage and digitization, there is a need for effective ways to process and analyze this information. This study examines the time-based nature of such data and suggests that choosing the right time window size is crucial and should be adjusted like other parameters in machine learning models. Additionally, an algorithm called the Time series Analysis to Investigate Binning (TAIB) algorithm is introduced. This algorithm determines which parts of the data might benefit from being examined in different time chunks, aiming to optimize the use of time-based data in machine learning. Two main datasets were utilized: one from The Calgary Drop-In and Rehab Centre (DI), covering 1991-2020, to categorize shelter users by their usage patterns; and the MIMIC III (Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III) database, which provides details on ICU stays from 2001-2012, to predict the duration of a patient's stay. Both datasets were transformed into temporal matrices. Using the TAIB algorithm, the optimal features for time-based analysis were identified, leading to the creation of groups of feature sets for various time lengths. For testing, primary reliance was on basic implementations of several machine learning models. Preference was given to deep learning models due to their superior capability in managing vast data. Three experiments were conducted, modifying the model’s complexity, the features employed, and the type of model. The findings suggest that treating windowing as a hyperparameter improves the performance of machine learning models. Moreover, employing feature matrices offers an efficient alternative to using timesteps in environments constrained by system resources, simplifying the process of handling time-based data.
Additional file 1 of Identifying strategies for implementing a clinical guideline for cancer-related fatigue: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Pearson, Elizabeth J.
name: Denehy, Linda
name: Edbrooke, Lara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Spontaneous breaking of continuous translational invariance
Creators: name: Watanabe, Haruki
name: Brauner, Tomáš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unbroken continuous translational invariance is often taken as a basic assumption in discussions of spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB), which singles out SSB of translational invariance itself as an exceptional case. We present a framework which allows us to treat translational invariance on the same footing as other symmetries. It is shown that existing theorems on SSB can be straightforwardly extended to this general case. As a concrete application, we analyze the Nambu-Goldstone modes in a (ferromagnetic) supersolid. We prove on the ground of the general theorems that the Bogoliubov mode stemming from a spontaneously broken internal U(1) symmetry and the longitudinal phonon due to a crystalline order are distinct physical modes.
description: 14 pages, 4 pdf/jpg figures, REVTeX 4.1; v2: section IV expanded, new appendix and references added, numerous other minor modifications throughout the text
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in Pediatric Concussion: Examining longitudinal and multisite data
Creators: name: La, Parker Lanhuy
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
subject: Concussion
subject: Multi-site
subject: Longitudinal
subject: Pediatric
subject: Radiology
subject: Neuroscience

description: Millions of concussions occur annually in children and youths. Though metabolic disturbance has been shown to be present in adult concussion, there is less research and evidence of these same effects in pediatric groups. Using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS), we can study neurometabolites that may be altered following pediatric concussion. With increasing interest in MRS to study concussion and other clinical conditions, there is increased importance to understand differences between analysis software and how to harmonize multi-site/vendor studies to increase sample sizes. My thesis aims to improve our understanding of the metabolite changes in pediatric concussion and associated technical moderators in multisite MRS studies. To accomplish this goal, my work examines MRS data from the Advancing Concussion Assessment in Pediatrics (A-CAP) study, which recruited pediatric concussion participants and an orthopedic injury (OI) control group. The results found: 1) No differences in neurometabolites at 12-days post-injury in children with concussion and OI, 2) No significant differences in metabolite trajectories between those with and without concussion symptoms over time (12-days, 3-month, 6-month), 3) Significant decreases in tCho in those with somatic symptoms in comparison to OI controls at 3-months, 4) Large vendor effects and different statistical methods to account for multisite data could yield different results, and 5) Software-related differences in metabolite quantification with associated bias, though clinical results were consistent. These investigations provide important context in pediatric concussion and neurometabolic activity in the short and long-term. Additionally, this work provides recommendations for how to control for multi-site/vendor and offer a description of the biases and agreement between different MRS quantification software.
Additional file 2 of Identifying strategies for implementing a clinical guideline for cancer-related fatigue: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Pearson, Elizabeth J.
name: Denehy, Linda
name: Edbrooke, Lara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Graphene-based heterojunction between two topological insulators
Creators: name: Shevtsov, Oleksii
name: Carmier, Pierre
name: Petitjean, Cyril
name: Groth, Christoph
name: Carpentier, David
name: Waintal, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Hall (QH) and quantum spin Hall (QSH) phases have very different edge states and, when going from one phase to the other, the direction of one edge state must be reversed. We study this phenomena in graphene in presence of a strong perpendicular magnetic field on top of a spin-orbit (SO) induced QSH phase. We show that, below the SO gap, the QSH phase is virtually unaffected by the presence of the magnetic field. Above the SO gap, the QH phase is restored. An electrostatic gate placed on top of the system allows to create a QSH-QH junction which is characterized by the existence of a spin-polarized chiral state, propagating along the topological interface. We find that such a setup naturally provides an extremely sensitive spin-polarized current switch.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Service providers’ perspectives on help-seeking among Black Immigrant women experiencing domestic violence: An Exploratory Study
Creators: name: Asante, Benedicta Ofosuhemaa
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Domestic violence
subject: Service providers
subject: Help-seeking
subject: Immigrant survivors
subject: Black Immigrant women
subject: Services
subject: Perceptions
subject: Social Work
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Education--Social Sciences

description: This study aimed to investigate the perceptions of domestic violence (DV) service providers regarding the effectiveness of domestic violence services, as well as the factors that influence domestic violence survivors’ decisions when accessing such services. To achieve this, a hermeneutic phenomenology approach was used to explore the perspectives of ten service providers on the support resources available to Black immigrant survivors and the adequacy of these services. The results of this qualitative research revealed that Black immigrant women face numerous barriers when seeking help for domestic violence, such as language barriers, fear of deportation, cultural barriers, financial challenges, and lack of knowledge of available resources and services. Additionally, the Westernized views on domestic violence of service providers and the delivery of Westernized services and programs hinder help-seeking. Despite the availability of numerous services and support for domestic violence survivors, service providers often fail to recognize the intersections of racism, classism, and sexism that uniquely impact Black immigrant survivors and present a ‘one size fits all’ approach to service delivery. The findings underscore the importance of critically examining the types of services and interventions offered by DV service providers to ensure they are appropriate and effective in serving the needs of Black immigrant survivors of DV. The study participants provided recommendations to facilitate positive experiences for Black immigrant survivors receiving formal services. The implications for research, practice, and policy are discussed.
Additional file 1 of Autistic traits and self-harm in adolescents: a study on interpersonal psychological theory of suicide
Creators: name: Aral, Armagan
name: Usta, Mirac Baris
name: Aral, Ayse Erguner
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. SES of both parents according to the Hollingshead index. Table S2. Comparisons of demographic data and victimization between adolescents with and without self-harm. Table S3. Comparisons of demographic data and victimization within self-harming adolescents. Table S4. Descriptive analysis of autistic traits, internalizing symptoms, and proximal risk factors of IPTS between self-harm and control groups. Table S5. Comparison of CTQ scores between adolescents with and without self-harm. Table S6. Comparison of CTQ scores within the group of self-harming adolescents.
The Relationship Between Academic Anxiety, Metacognition, and Academic Achievement
Creators: name: Florentine, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: metacognition
subject: declarative knowledge
subject: academic anxiety
subject: trait anxiety
subject: academic achievement
subject: Educational Psychology

description: Transitioning into a self-regulated learning environment poses challenges for many first-year undergraduates, leading to higher anxiety and decreased academic functioning. Previous research consistently found harmful effects of anxiety on academic outcomes, while metacognition was found to increase performance. However, no consensus was found on the relationship between metacognition and anxiety. Thus, this study explores the relationships between metacognition, academic anxiety, and achievement with the aim of clarifying the role of metacognition as a mediator between academic anxiety and performance. Using the Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI), Academic Anxiety Inventory (AAI), and self-reported GPA scores gathered from undergraduates (N = 128), regression analyses were conducted. Results indicate that higher general trait anxiety predicts lower academic achievement and increased metacognitive awareness, specifically declarative knowledge. Surprisingly, increased declarative knowledge also predicts lower achievement, while metacognitive strategy use does not predict performance. This unexpected finding may be attributed to students’ inaccurate and negative perceptions of their own metacognition and capabilities as a learner due to the shift to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, declarative knowledge partially mediates the relationship between trait anxiety and achievement, suggesting that metacognition acts as a secondary process to counter automatic anxious thoughts. In essence, highly anxious individuals may tend to fixate on their shortcomings, which can overwhelm their cognitive capacity and lead to a decline in their academic achievements. Therefore, improving metacognitive skills and accuracy can promote student well-being and academic success.
Institutional accountability: the differentiated implementation of collaborative governance in two EU states
Creators: name: Mancheva, Irina
name: Pihlajamäki, Mia
name: Keskinen, Marko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Governments increasingly apply collaborative governance based on deliberation that typically takes place in non-majoritarian institutions. However, collaborative institutions face accountability challenges depending on their institutional design. Still, empirical research is missing on the different choices member states make when designing collaborative institutions implementing European Union (EU) political goals. Using four theoretical principles of accountability, the study compares how Finland and Sweden implement the requirements for collaborative governance of two EU directives in national legislation and management plans. While Finland has provided more detailed and stricter rules resulting in higher process accountability, Sweden has delegated final decision making to authorities, achieving a higher degree of institutional independence. The results reveal that since the directives set only some of the key rules and procedures needed for achieving accountable collaborative institutions, member states’ discretion can lead to institutional variation even in similar governance contexts, resulting in differing institutional accountability and legitimacy of EU policies.
The effect of consistent practice of yogic breathing exercises on the human cardiorespiratory system
Creators: name: McKay, Joshua Adam Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Yogic breathing exercises (YBE) are complex breathing patterns that can include hyperventilation, hypoventilation, and apnea. Some YBE can significantly alter blood gases and result in hypoxic hypercapnia. The consequence of consistent practice of these breathing exercises is unknown. Thus, the purpose of this Master’s thesis was to quantify the cardiovascular, respiratory, and cerebrovascular effects of two common YBE: bhastrika and chaturbhuj; and, to determine the effect of their consistent practice on chemosensitivity. The first study was cross-sectional and compared experienced yogic breathers (YB) with matched controls in the above categories. It determined three things. First, bhastrika and chaturbhuj result in significant hypoxic hypercapnia. Second, the increase in blood pressure during their practice was higher in experienced yogic breathers. Third, experienced YB had reduced chemosensitivity compared to controls. The second was a controlled, longitudinal training study where experimental subjects practiced yogic breathing exercises for 6 weeks. This study had three major findings. First, after 6 weeks of training, bhastrika and chaturbhuj produced hypercapnia and mild hypoxia. Second, chaturbhuj resulted in cyclic oscillation of cardiovascular variables including blood pressure, heart rate, stroke volume, and cerebral blood flow velocity with inspiration and expiration. Third, post intervention there was no change in chemosensitivity measures. The findings from these two studies demonstrate that YBE significantly alter end-tidal gases, resulting in complex oscillations of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular variables, and if practiced for the long term, may reduce chemosensitivity.
5th Rocky Mountain Muscle Symposium
Creators: name: Joumaa, Venus
name: Hessel, Anthony
name: Nishikawa, Kiisa
name: Millard, Matthew
name: Han, Seong-Won
name: Bell, Kaylyn
name: Leonard, Tim
name: Kaya, Motoshi
name: Corr, David
name: Swank, Douglas
name: Corvelyn, Marlies
name: Sahani, Ridhi
name: Mazara, Nicole
name: Moo, Eng Kuan
name: Granzier, Henk
name: Oldshue, Ashley
name: Adkins, Amy
name: Loya, Amy
name: Boldt, Kevin
name: Desloovere, Kaat
name: Fukutani, Atsuki
name: Martino, Giovanni
name: De Beukelaer, Nathalie
name: Horslen, Brian
name: Agen, Anouk
name: Costamanga, Domiziana
name: Swank, Doug
name: Holt, Natalie
Publisher: name: Faculty of Kinesiology
Year: 2023
Subjects: skeletal muscles
muscle function
muscle contraction

description: Proceedings from the 4th Rocky Mountain Muscle Symposium, Canmore Nordic Centre, June 19-21, 2023.
VaronaetalFig4a-d
Creators: name: Varona, Natascha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Microbial ecology
Bacteriology
Virology

description: These files contain the R-code and datasheets used to make figure 4a-d in Varona et al. 2023. This plots the virus-to-host ratio and barplots the proportion the host abundance makes up.
Differentiated implementation and European integration: the development of EU food quality labelling
Creators: name: Thatcher, Mark
name: Quesada, Monica Garcia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: The article examines how differentiated national implementation of EU policies affects later European integration – whether it leads to renewed unified vertical integration, differentiated integration, the status quo or renationalisation. It examines the case of geographical indications (GIs), an EU labelling system for food and drink based on place of origin and processes of production. Despite features such as diverse national interests and gastronationalism, differentiated implementation has resulted in renewed unified vertical integration. The article identifies three processes: EU legislative requirements encouraging the establishment of producer groups; European Court of Justice decisions which gave priority to quality over cross-border trade; the use of free trade negotiations to alter EU rules. While the integration outcomes are those expected by neo-functionalist analyses, the processes are more institutionally-based. Differences in implementation may aid rather than hinder further integration due to institutional features of EU legislation and decision making.
Localization and Glassy Dynamics Of Many-Body Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Carleo, Giuseppe
name: Becca, Federico
name: Schiró, Marco
name: Fabrizio, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When classical systems fail to explore their entire configurational space, intriguing macroscopic phenomena like aging and glass formation may emerge. Also closed quanto-mechanical systems may stop wandering freely around the whole Hilbert space, even if they are initially prepared into a macroscopically large combination of eigenstates. Here, we report numerical evidences that the dynamics of strongly interacting lattice bosons driven sufficiently far from equilibrium can be trapped into extremely long-lived inhomogeneous metastable states. The slowing down of incoherent density excitations above a threshold energy, much reminiscent of a dynamical arrest on the verge of a glass transition, is identified as the key feature of this phenomenon. We argue that the resulting long-lived inhomogeneities are responsible for the lack of thermalization observed in large systems. Such a rich phenomenology could be experimentally uncovered upon probing the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of conveniently prepared quantum states of trapped cold atoms which we hereby suggest.
description: Available for Open Access on Nature's website at http://www.nature.com/srep/2012/120206/srep00243/full/srep00243.html (supplementary material included)
Isolation, Characterization, And Application Of Novel Bacteriophages For Preventing Experimental Infection With Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) Of Dairy Calves
Creators: name: Harman-McKenna, Victoria Katharine
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mycobacteriophages
subject: Phage Therapy
subject: Johne's Disease
subject: Veterinary Science

description: Johne's disease (JD), a chronic enteritis affecting ruminants, poses a substantial economic burden of $28 million CAD annually to the Canadian dairy industry. The disease is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) and primarily spreads to youngstock through the ingestion of contaminated feed and water. Due to JD's prolonged subclinical phase and the absence of a cure, conventional test-based culling has proven ineffective in curbing its spread. Mycobacteriophages, as potential anti-mycobacterial agents, offer promise in controlling mycobacterial infections. Isolating new MAP-lysing bacteriophages is a crucial step toward implementing phage-based JD control. In pursuit of novel mycobacteriophages for JD control, we optimized an isolation protocol involving fecal spiking and varied isolation solution compositions. This enhanced method led to a significant boost in phage yield, increasing it from less than 1% to an 59% recovery of the spiked phages from fecal samples. We screened 475 environmental samples, enriched with MAP and fast-growing M. smegmatis, sourced from farms with documented MAP presence. These samples encompassed diverse environments, including soil, manure pits, lactation barns, feces, milk, and drain water, resulting in the isolation of 14 phages. Restriction enzyme profiling facilitated the identification of 12 distinct and novel phages. Further investigations into host range revealed that 8 of these phages could lyse genetically diverse MAP strains. We also explored aspects such as cross-resistance, lysogeny, and the influence of pH. Subsequently, we assessed the efficacy of these mycobacteriophages in preventing MAP infection in dairy calves through oral administration in an experimental calf infection trial. This research demonstrated the potential of mycobacteriophages to prevent MAP infection effectively. Our findings highlight the discovery and characterization and application of eight novel mycobacteriophages. This research opens new avenues for the utilization of these newly isolated mycobacteriophages in strategies aimed at curbing the spread of Johne's disease on dairy farms.
Do EU policies constrain government autonomy? Insights from the implementation of EU migration policies
Creators: name: Zhelyazkova, Asya
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Pressures to comply with EU rules have allegedly eroded opportunities for national governments to adopt policies that they support. Conversely, research into differentiated implementation underlines that governments use their discretion to tailor supranational policies to national contexts. This study addresses these competing arguments using unique data on the implementation of EU migration issues. On the one hand, compliance with EU rules is expected to compel governments to transpose liberal migration policies, even when they favour restrictive measures. However, increased politicisation and differentiated integration are likely to increase governments’ autonomy to pursue restrictive policy preferences during transposition. The findings suggest that the constraining effect of EU policies is conditional on the importance that governments place on immigration issues and differentiated participation in the EU. Thus, it is important to consider both domestic and supranational conditions to understand fully the impact of external constraints on government policy implementation.
Additional file 1 of Comparison of different reference values for lung function: implications of inconsistent use among centers
Creators: name: Mangseth, Henrik
name: Sikkeland, Liv Ingunn Bjoner
name: Durheim, Michael Thomas
name: Ulvestad, Mariann
name: Myrdal, Ole Henrik
name: Kongerud, Johny
name: Lund, May B
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
Does institutional misfit trigger customisation instead of non-compliance?
Creators: name: Brendler, Viktoria
name: Thomann, Eva
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: This article analyses the role of institutional misfit in why member states customise European Union (EU) renewable energy (RE) policies when implementing them. Institutional misfit theory posits that member states only adjust to EU policies when the adaptation pressure remains moderate and national actors’ policy preferences align. Conversely, this article tests the argument that member states manage institutional misfit by adjusting – customising – EU policies, that is, through vertical EU policy change rather than domestic change. Using Qualitative Comparative Analysis, the article compares the customisation of EU Directive 2009/28/EC in Austria, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Surprisingly, results suggest that institutional misfit is not a necessary condition for customised implementation. Instead, when high institutional fit meets high salience, member states may issue substantively more ambitious policies than the EU requires. Conversely, when high institutional fit meets low salience, member states have no impetus to customise EU rules.
Effects of Noise, Correlations and errors in the preparation of initial states in Quantum Simulations
Creators: name: Zuniga-Hansen, Nayeli
name: Chi, Yu-Chieh
name: Byrd, Mark S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In principle a quantum system could be used to simulate another quantum system. The purpose of such a simulation would be to obtain information about problems which cannot be simulated with a classical computer due to the exponential increase of the Hilbert space with the size of the system and which cannot be measured or controlled in an actual experiment. The system will interact with the surrounding environment, with the other particles in the system and be implemented using imperfect controls making it subject to noise. It has been suggested that noise does not need to be controlled to the same extent as it must be for general quantum computing. However the effects of noise in quantum simulations and how to treat them are not completely understood. In this paper we study an existing quantum algorithm for the one-dimensional Fano-Anderson model to be simulated using a liquid-state NMR device. We calculate the evolution of different initial states in the original model, and then we add interacting spins to simulate a more realistic situation. We find that states which are entangled with their environment, and sometimes correlated but not necessarily entangled have an evolution which is described by maps which are not completely positive. We discuss the conditions for this to occur and also the implications.
description: Revtex 4-1, 14 pages, 21 figures, version 2 has typos corrected and acknowledgement added
Consequences and trade-offs of variation in growth rate in juvenile animals
Creators: name: Mogensen, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Life-history
subject: Trade-offs
subject: Growth
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Growth is a crucial life history trait in juvenile organisms that can influence survival and adult reproductive capacity. In this thesis, I investigate how variation in growth and its trade-offs with other traits affect important life-history outcomes, both across and within species. I first used a meta-analytic approach to assess the magnitude and direction of key trade-offs (immune function, structural function, starvation resistance, and predation mortality) across animal taxa. Trade-offs are not ubiquitous and vary in both magnitude and direction. Although taxon-specific differences are apparent, for most trade-offs the lack of coverage across species constrained my assessment of taxon-specific patterns. I then assessed the extent to which intra-population variability in growth rate was coupled to behavioural and physiological differences and whether these differences were grouped into behavioural syndromes. I assessed this question using an experiment with a single strain of young-of-the-year rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). I did not find evidence of behavioural syndromes in the assessed behavioural traits. In addition, growth rate did not vary with the measured traits during the experiment. Finally, I used an individual-based model to assess the importance of inherent growth rate for shaping end-of-growing-season distributions of growth in teleost fish, using basic assumptions about predation risk and density dependence. In and of themselves, realistic distributions of growth did not convey much benefit to faster growing fish. However, in the presence of even modest initial variation in size (particularly if that variation is correlated with growth rates) the benefits of fast growth increase. These findings have important implications for the life-history of juvenile animals.
Differentiated policy implementation in the European Union
Creators: name: Zhelyazkova, Asya
name: Thomann, Eva
name: Ruffing, Eva
name: Princen, Sebastiaan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: This special issue analyses the patterns, causes and consequences of Differentiated Policy Implementation (DPI) in the European Union (EU). DPI is an umbrella term for the diversity in the presence and use of discretion during legal and practical policy implementation processes and outcomes in the EU. The emergent DPI research agenda emphasises differentiation in EU policy implementation beyond mere legal compliance, which is more widespread, and its role in the broader political and policy processes of EU multilevel governance. The contributions highlight anticipated implementation as one dimension of DPI, as well as legal and practical implementation. DPI serves as an alternative to differentiated integration (DI), accommodating heterogeneous national preferences, capacities and conditions, and feeding back into EU policy-making. The impact of DPI on the EU’s output legitimacy and effectiveness depends on scope conditions that require more scholarly attention.
Additional file 1 of How do healthcare providers use national audit data for improvement?
Creators: name: Antonacci, Grazia
name: Whitney, Julie
name: Harris, Matthew
name: Reed, Julie E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative studies (COREQ): 32-item checklist
Graphic narrative and existential philosophy : the scenic design for "The Trial of Judith K."
Creators: name: Carr, Alexander Leo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: “The Trial of Judith K.,” by Sally Clark was held in the Frederic Wood Theatre at the University of British Columbia (UBC) from September 29th through October 8th, 2011 and was the first production of the 2011/2012 theatre season. The production team was as follows: Director, Tom Scholte; Scenic Designer, myself, Alexander L. Carr; Lighting Designer, Mandi Lau; Costume Designer, Allison Green; Sound Designer, Emily Griffiths; and Properties Designer, Lynn Burton. The Technical Director for this production was James Ferguson and the Production Manager was Jay Henrickson. I approached the design inspired by the philosophy of Jean Paul Sartre. Other major influences on this project were the literary art form the graphic narrative and cartoon cell animation. A major focus in my study of scenic design is how to interpret structural and thematic concepts of the graphic narrative and cartoon animation in three-dimensional space for use on the stage. Three of the concepts I explored in this design were “page turning” as one would turn the pages of a book, “frames,” or the pictorial images found in a graphic narrative, and “the gutter,” or the physical and psychological space between frames in a graphic narrative. Graphic narrative and cartoon animation were also direct influences on the paint scheme chosen for the set.
Biophysical and socioeconomic characterization of the cereal production systems of Central Nepal
Creators: name: Subash Ghimire
name: Dhungana, Surya Mani
name: Vijesh V. Krishna
name: Teufel, Nils
name: D. P. Serchan
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Biophysical and socioeconomic characterization of the cereal production systems of Central Nepal