cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Noncommutative Field Theory from Quantum Mechanical Space-Space Noncommutativity
Creators: name: Rosenbaum, Marcos
name: Vergara, J. David
name: Juarez, L. Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the incorporation of space noncommutativity into field theory by extending to the spectral continuum the minisuperspace action of the quantum mechanical harmonic oscillator propagator with an enlarged Heisenberg algebra. In addition to the usual $\star$-product deformation of the algebra of field functions, we show that the parameter of noncommutativity can occur in noncommutative field theory even in the case of free fields without self-interacting potentials.
description: 13 pages
On the product selectivity in the electrochemical reductive cleavage of lignin model compounds
Creators: name: da Cruz, Marcia Gabriely A.
name: Rodrigues, Bruno V. M.
name: Ristic, Andjelka
name: Budnykb, Serhiy
name: Das, Shoubhik
name: Slabon, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Research towards the production of renewable chemicals for fuel and energy industries has found lignin valorization as key. With a high carbon content and aromaticity, a fine-tuning of the depolymerization process is required to convert lignin into valuable chemicals. In context, model compounds have been used to understand the electrocatalyzed depolymerization for mimicking the typical linkages of lignin. In this investigation, 2-phenoxyacetophenone, a model compound for lignin \b{eta}-O-4 linkage, was electro-catalytically hydrogenated (ECH) in distinct three-electrode setups: an open and a membrane cell. A deep eutectic solvent based on ethylene-glycol and choline chloride was used to pursue sustainable routes to dissolve lignin. Copper was used as electrocatalyst due to the economic feasibility and low activity towards hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), a side reaction of ECH. By varying the cell type, we demonstrate a simple ECH route for the generation of different monomers and oligomers from lignin. Gas chromatography of the products revealed a higher content of carbonyl groups in those using the membrane cell, whereas the open cell produced mostly hydroxyl-end chemicals. Aiming at high value-added products, our results disclose the cell type influence on electrochemical reductive depolymerization of lignin. This approach encompasses cheap transition metal electrodes and sustainable solvents.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews
On a class of gauge theories
Creators: name: Loginov, E. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a framework to describe gauge theory in which a nonassociative Moufang loop takes the place of the structure group. The structure of such gauge theory has many formal similarities with that of Yang-Mills theory. We extend the gauge invariance to this theory and construct an on-shell version of N=1 supersymmetric gauge theory.
description: 18 pages, LaTeX, no figures
Zum Schicksal der Deutschen in Königsberg 1945-1948 (im Spiegel bisher unbekannter russischer Quellen)
Creators: name: Fisch, Bernhard
name: Klemeševa, Marina
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1995

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 44 Nr. 3 (1995)
Eigenvalues, Separability and Absolute Separability of Two-Qubit States
Creators: name: Slater, Paul B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Substantial progress has recently been reported in the determination of the Hilbert-Schmidt (HS) separability probabilities for two-qubit and qubit-qutrit (real, complex and quaternionic) systems. An important theoretical concept employed has been that of a separability function. It appears that if one could analogously obtain separability functions parameterized by the eigenvalues of the density matrices in question--rather than the diagonal entries, as originally used--comparable progress could be achieved in obtaining separability probabilities based on the broad, interesting class of monotone metrics (the Bures, being its most prominent [minimal] member). Though large-scale numerical estimations of such eigenvalue-parameterized functions have been undertaken, it seems desirable also to study them in lower-dimensional specialized scenarios in which they can be exactly obtained. In this regard, we employ an Euler-angle parameterization of SO(4) derived by S. Cacciatori (reported in an Appendix)--in the manner of the SU(4)-density matrix parameterization of Tilma, Byrd and Sudarshan. We are, thus, able to find simple exact separability (inverse-sine-like) functions for two real two-qubit (rebit) systems, both having three free eigenvalues and one free Euler angle. We also employ the important Verstraete-Audenaert-de Moor bound to obtain exact HS probabilities that a generic two-qubit state is absolutely separable (that is, can not be entangled by unitary transformations). In this regard, we make copious use of trigonometric identities involving the tetrahedral dihedral angle arccos(1/3).
description: 30 pages, 7 figures, formula (48) for the Haar measure corrected by changing sin x_3 to sin^ x_3
Bowen blend echo-tomography of low mass X-ray binaries
Creators: name: Muñoz-Darias, T.
name: Martinez-Pais, I. G.
name: Casares, J.
name: Cornelisse, R.
name: Dhillon, V. S.
name: Marsh, T. R.
name: Steeghs, D.
name: O'Brien, K.
name: Charles, P. A.
name: Still, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simultaneous high time resolution (1-10 Hz) X-ray and optical observations of the persistent LMXBs Sco X-1 and V801 Ara(=4U 1636-536). In the case of Sco X-1 we find that the Bowen/HeII emission lags the X-ray light-curves with a light travel time of ~11-16s which is consistent with reprocessing in the donor star. We also present the detection of three correlated X-ray/optical bursts in V801 ara. Although this latter project is still in progress our preliminary results obtained by subtracting the Continuum light-curve from the Bowen/HeII data provide evidence of orbital phase dependent echoes from the companion star.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. To be published in the proceedings of "High Time Resolution Astrophysics", Edinburgh, 2007
Marek Jaroszewski, Der polnische Novemberaufstand in der zeitgenössischen deutschen Literatur und Historiographie
Creators: name: Kessler, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1998

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 47 Nr. 1 (1998)
Graph braid groups and right-angled Artin groups
Creators: name: Kim, Jee Hyoun
name: Ko, Ki Hyoung
name: Park, Hyo Won
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F36, 20F65, 57M15

description: We give a necessary and sufficient condition for a graph to have a right-angled Artin group as its braid group for braid index $\ge 5$. In order to have the necessity part, graphs are organized into small classes so that one of homological or cohomological characteristics of right-angled Artin groups can be applied. Finally we show that a given graph is planar iff the first homology of its 2-braid group is torsion-free and leave the corresponding statement for $n$-braid groups as a conjecture along with few other conjectures about graphs whose braid groups of index $\le 4$ are right-angled Artin groups.
description: 52 pages, 30 figures
Antsirabenus setigerous Heiss 2008
Creators: name: Heiss, Ernst
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aradidae
Antsirabenus
Antsirabenus setigerous

description: Antsirabenus setigerous Heiss, 2008
Antsirabenus setigerous Heiss, 2008: 306. HT 3: Madagascar (Montagne d’Arbre, S Diego Suarez [= Antseranana]); CEHI.
Distr.: Madagascar
Ref.: Heiss, 2008 (fig.)
description: Published as part of Heiss, Ernst, 2012, Annotated catalogue of the flat bug family Aradidae Brullé, 1836 of Madagascar and adjacent islands (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 45-63 in Zootaxa 3426 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3426.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/214110
Fallback in bipolar Planetary Nebulae ?
Creators: name: Baan, Willem A.
name: Imai, Hiroshi
name: Orosz, Gabor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The subclass of bipolar Planetary Nebulae (PN) exhibits well-defined low-power outflows and some show shock-related equatorial spiderweb structures and hourglass structures surrounding these outflows. These structures are distinctly different from the phenomena associated with spherical and elliptical PN and suggest a non-standard way to simultaneously energise both kind of structures. This paper presents evidence from the published literature on bipolar PN Hb\,12 and other sources in support of an alternative scenario for energizing these structures by means of accretion from material shells deposited during earlier post-AGB and pre-PN evolutionary stages. In addition to energizing the bipolar outflow, a sub-Eddington accretion scenario could hydrodynamically explain the spiderweb and outer hourglass structures as oblique shockwaves for guiding the accreting material into the equatorial region of the source. Estimates of the accretion rate resulting from fallback-related spherical accretion could indeed help to drive a low-power outflow and contribute to the total luminosity of these sources.
description: To be published in Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Perturbative finiteness of the three-dimensional Susy QED to all orders
Creators: name: Ferrari, A. F.
name: Gomes, M.
name: Lehum, A. C.
name: Petrov, A. Yu.
name: da Silva, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the superfield formalism, we study the ultraviolet properties of the three-dimensional supersymmetric quantum electrodynamics. The theory is shown to be finite at all loops orders in a particular gauge.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, revtex4
An electrical engineering perspective on naturality in computational physics
Creators: name: Kotiuga, P. Robert
name: Lahtinen, Valtteri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65N22, 65N30, 58J10, 55U15, 55U10

description: We look at computational physics from an electrical engineering perspective and suggest that several concepts of mathematics, not so well-established in computational physics literature, present themselves as opportunities in the field. We discuss elliptic complexes and highlight the category theoretical background and its role as a unifying language between algebraic topology, differential geometry, and modelling software design. In particular, the ubiquitous concept of naturality is central. Natural differential operators have functorial analogues on the cochains of triangulated manifolds. In order to establish this correspondence, we derive formulas involving simplices and barycentric coordinates, defining discrete vector fields and a discrete Lie derivative as a result of a discrete analogue of Cartan's magic formula. This theorem is the main mathematical result of the paper.
description: This is a new manuscript that has evolved from the earlier versions
Planar Microwave Sensors for Mechanical Applications and Materials Detection
Creators: name: Mehrjoo, Zahra
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 400608
subject: Wireless communication systems and technologies (incl. microwave and millimetrewave)

description: Measurement and instrumentation play a fundamental role in scientific and technical knowledge acquisition. The ongoing evolution of sensing and measurement techniques, driven by technological advancements and societal needs, has led various industries to rely on sensors. Radio frequency (RF) and microwave-based sensors are of high importance among various sensing technologies due to the advantages such as low-cost, non-contact, and label-free detection together with potential passive operation that alleviates the requirement for power sources such as batteries.With the growing interest in microwave sensors for different applications, this dissertation focuses on the design of advanced microwave-based sensors for mechanical displacement/rotation detection using the semi-lumped planar structures. The research is categorised into three main parts, each focusing on a specific microwave sensor type based on the operation principles. The first part of the thesis presents frequency shift-based microwave sensors with an emphasis on a reflective-mode displacement sensor with a wide dynamic range and high linearity using transmission lines terminated with semi-lumped RLC resonators. Transmission lines terminated with series LC resonators are proposed for the design of displacement and rotation sensors based on the variations of the reflection phase in the second part of the thesis. The phase variation sensing principle is also extended to the design of sensors for detection of solid dielectric composites. The third part focuses on the design of mechanical displacement sensors based on the amplitude variation principle. A wide dynamic range amplitude variation displacement sensor is proposed using transmission lines loaded with a π-shaped semi-lumped capacitive network. The simulations and measurement results confirm a wideband amplitude variation-based displacement sensing ensuring a high immunity of the sensing response to the fluctuations of the measurement frequency.In conclusion, the research outcomes presented in this dissertation confirm the efficiency of the planar semi-lumped elements in the design of high-sensitivity and compact microwave sensors for various applications ranging from mechanical displacement and rotation detection up to characterisation of the dielectric materials.
Missing in style : public school elites and the Victorian economy
Creators: name: McLean, Edward Byron
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Great Britain's steady decline as a world power has prompted much study, including quantifiable economic analysis and post-imperial sociology. Historical, studies have generally declined to claim cause and effect links between these two areas, but it seemed worthwhile to investigate one possible area of overlap. Victorian Britain's period of greatest imperial and industrial pressure was also marked by extensive reform and expansion of the system of great public schools. The thesis investigates the congruences between these two developments and their joint effects upon the nation's industrial and public sector leadership. It is contended that public schooling in the Victorian era was distinctive, self-consciously exclusive and inherently hostile to the needs of business and science. As the source of leaders for a closed and patrician society, it was particularly ill-suited to the demands of industrial competition and may have been the major source of Great Britain's subsequent economic decline.
The Link between Integrability, Level Crossings, and Exact Solution in Quantum Models
Creators: name: Owusu, H. K.
name: Wagh, K.
name: Yuzbashyan, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the connection between energy level crossings in integrable systems and their integrability, i.e. the existence of a set of non-trivial integrals of motion. In particular, we consider a general quantum Hamiltonian linear in the coupling u, H(u) = T + uV, and require that it has the maximum possible number of nontrivial commuting partners also linear in u. We demonstrate how this commutation requirement alone leads to: (1) an exact solution for the energy spectrum and (2) level crossings, which are always present in these Hamiltonians in violation of the Wigner-von Neumann non-crossing rule. Moreover, we construct these Hamiltonians explicitly by resolving the above commutation requirement and show their equivalence to a sector of Gaudin magnets (central spin Hamiltonians). In contrast, fewer than the maximum number of conservation laws does not guarantee level crossings.
description: 33 pages, 10 figures, minor typos corrected, reference added, model generalized beyond real symmetric to Hermitian operators
Baxter operator and Archimedean Hecke algebra
Creators: name: Gerasimov, A.
name: Lebedev, D.
name: Oblezin, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we introduce Baxter integral Q-operators for finite-dimensional Lie algebras gl(n+1) and so(2n+1). Whittaker functions corresponding to these algebras are eigenfunctions of the Q-operators with the eigenvalues expressed in terms of Gamma-functions. The appearance of the Gamma-functions is one of the manifestations of an interesting connection between Mellin-Barnes and Givental integral representations of Whittaker functions, which are in a sense dual to each other. We define a dual Baxter operator and derive a family of mixed Mellin-Barnes-Givental integral representations. Givental and Mellin-Barnes integral representations are used to provide a short proof of the Friedberg-Bump and Bump conjectures for G=GL(n+1) proved earlier by Stade. We also identify eigenvalues of the Baxter Q-operator acting on Whittaker functions with local Archimedean L-factors. The Baxter Q-operator introduced in this paper is then described as a particular realization of the explicitly defined universal Baxter operator in the spherical Hecke algebra H(G(R),K), K being a maximal compact subgroup of G. Finally we stress an analogy between Q-operators and certain elements of the non-Archimedean Hecke algebra H(G(Q_p),G(Z_p)).
description: 32 pages, typos corrected,
Die baltischen Agrarreformen des 19. Jahrhunderts in neuer historischer Perspektive
Creators: name: Kahk, Juhan
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1996

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 45 Nr. 4 (1996)
The VERITAS-Stellar Intensity Interferometry (VSII) survey of Stellar Diameters
Creators: name: Kieda, David
name: Davis, Jonathan
name: LeBohec, Tugdual
name: Lisa, Mike
name: Matthews, Nolan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The VERITAS Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) array was augmented in 2019 with high-speed focal plane electronics to allow its use for Stellar Intensity Interferometry (SII) observations. Since January 2019, the VERITAS Stellar Interferometer (VSII) recorded more than 250 hours of moonlit observations on 39 different bright stars and binary systems ($m_V < 3.74$) at an effective optical wavelength of 416 nm. These observations resulted in the measurement of the diameters of several stars with better than 5% resolution. This talk will describe the status of the VSII survey and analysis.
description: 9 pages, 3 Figures; Presented at the 37$^{\rm{th}}$ International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), Berlin, Germany--Online
Theory of enhancement of thermoelectric properties of materials with nanoinclusions
Creators: name: Faleev, Sergey V.
name: Léonard, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the concept of band bending at metal/semiconductor interfaces as an energy filter for electrons, we present a theory for the enhancement of the thermoelectric properties of semiconductor materials with metallic nanoinclusions. We show that the Seebeck coefficient can be significantly increased due to a strongly energy-dependent electronic scattering time. By including phonon scattering, we find that the enhancement of ZT due to electron scattering is important for high doping, while at low doping it is primarily due to a decrease in the phonon thermal conductivity.
Assert Use and Defectiveness in Industrial Code
Creators: name: Counsell, Steve
name: Hall, Tracy
name: Shippey, Thomas
name: Bowes, David
name: Tahir, Amjed
name: MacDonell, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of asserts in code has received increasing attention in the software engineering community in the past few years, even though it has been a recognized programming construct for many decades. A previous empirical study by Casalnuovo showed that methods containing asserts had fewer defects than those that did not. In this paper, we analyze the test classes of two industrial telecom Java systems to lend support to, or refute that finding. We also analyze the physical position of asserts in methods to determine if there is a relationship between assert placement and method defect-proneness. Finally, we explore the role of test method size and the relationship it has with asserts. In terms of the previous study by Casalnuovo, we found only limited evidence to support the earlier results. We did however find that defective methods with one assert tended to be located at significantly lower levels of the class position-wise than non-defective methods. Finally, method size seemed to correlate strongly with asserts, but surprisingly less so when we excluded methods with just one assert. The work described highlights the need for more studies into this aspect of code, one which has strong links with code comprehension.
description: Conference paper, 5 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables
TOI-532b: The Habitable-zone Planet Finder confirms a Large Super Neptune in the Neptune Desert orbiting a metal-rich M dwarf host
Creators: name: Kanodia, Shubham
name: Stefansson, Gudmundur
name: Canas, Caleb I.
name: Maney, Marissa
name: Lin, Andrea S.
name: Ninan, Joe P.
name: Jones, Sinclaire
name: Monson, Andrew J.
name: Parker, Brock A.
name: Kobulnicky, Henry A.
name: Rothenberg, Jason
name: Beard, Corey
name: Lubin, Jack
name: Robertson, Paul
name: Gupta, Arvind F.
name: Mahadevan, Suvrath
name: Cochran, William D.
name: Bender, Chad F.
name: Diddams, Scott A.
name: Fredrick, Connor
name: Halverson, Samuel P.
name: Hawley, Suzanne L.
name: Hearty, Fred R.
name: Hebb, Leslie
name: Kopparapu, Ravi K.
name: Metcalf, Andrew J.
name: Ramsey, Lawrence W.
name: Roy, Arpita
name: Schwab, Christian
name: Schutte, Maria
name: Terrien, Ryan C.
name: Wisniewski, John P.
name: Wright, Jason T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We confirm the planetary nature of TOI-532b, using a combination of precise near-infrared radial velocities with the Habitable-zone Planet Finder, TESS light curves, ground based photometric follow-up, and high-contrast imaging. TOI-532 is a faint (J$\sim 11.5$) metal-rich M dwarf with Teff = $3957\pm69$ K and [Fe/H] = $0.38\pm0.04$; it hosts a transiting gaseous planet with a period of $\sim 2.3$ days. Joint fitting of the radial velocities with the TESS and ground-based transits reveal a planet with radius of $5.82\pm0.19$ R$_{\oplus}$, and a mass of $61.5_{-9.3}^{+9.7}$ M$_{\oplus}$. TOI-532b is the largest and most massive super Neptune detected around an M dwarf with both mass and radius measurements, and it bridges the gap between the Neptune-sized planets and the heavier Jovian planets known to orbit M dwarfs. It also follows the previously noted trend between gas giants and host star metallicity for M dwarf planets. In addition, it is situated at the edge of the Neptune desert in the Radius--Insolation plane, helping place constraints on the mechanisms responsible for sculpting this region of planetary parameter space.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2006.14546
Kerr Black Hole Evaporation and Page Curve
Creators: name: Nian, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the black hole entropy and the entanglement entropy of Hawking radiations due to photons during the evaporation of a 4d asymptotically flat Kerr black hole. The Page curve for the Kerr black hole is obtained in the original way à la Page, and it qualitatively mimics the curve for the Schwarzschild black hole but has some new features.
description: 15 pages, 18 figures; V2: published version, more computational details added in Sec. 3, and a new reference [33] added
Martin Wehrmann (1861-1937) als Historiograph Pommerns. Ein Portät
Creators: name: Unterstell, Rembert
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1995

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 44 Nr. 3 (1995)
Quantization of Gravity in Spherical Harmonic Basis
Creators: name: Kallosh, Renata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform canonical quantization of gravity in the background of a Schwarzschild black hole in the generalized Regge-Wheeler gauge proposed in \cite{Kallosh:2021ors}. We find that the Hamiltonian at the quadratic level is unitary and ghost-free. Two canonical degrees of freedom are associated with Zerilli-Moncrief and Cunningham-Price-Moncrief functions of the metric perturbations. The ${\ell }<2$ part of the Hamiltonian vanishes. This quantization with the unitary Hamiltonian for gravity is valid also in Minkowski space in spherical coordinates.
description: 13 p
Black Hole Production from High Energy Scattering in AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Vazquez, Samuel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we show how to set up initial states in ${\cal N} =4$ SYM theory that correspond to high energy graviton collisions, leading to black hole formation in $AdS_5\times S^5$. For this purpose, we study states in the gauge theory that are dual to graviton wavepackets localized at the center of $AdS_5$, and carrying large angular momentum along the $S^5$. These states are created by exciting only the s-wave mode of one of the complex adjoint scalars of SYM. For a single graviton, the state is 1/2 BPS and one can show that it is dual to a linearized 1/2 BPS geometry in the bulk. Exploiting this dictionary, we show how to localize the particle's wavefunciton so that the dual linearized metric has the form of a Aichelburg-Sexl shock wave. One can then put two such shock waves into a head-on collision, which is known to produce a trapped surface. Finally, we discuss the prospect of studying graviton scattering directly at strong coupling in the gauge theory using a reduced model of matrix quantum mechanics.
description: 11 pages, revtex format, no figures
Towards a theory of urban vitality
Creators: name: Maas, Paul R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis is concerned with defining urban vitality; creating an explanatory model of its processes and determinants; and using the model to explain perceived variances in vitality between four districts of Vancouver British Columbia. It derives a definition by selecting characteristics which occur frequently in descriptions of oft-quoted archetypical vital urban areas. The definition maintains that urban vitality is the synergy arising from a "variety" of somewhat "unique" commercial and entertainment opportunities, and a dense socially heterogeneous pedestrian population. The investigation into processes and determinants, begins by sub-deviding the pedestrian population into locals, hinterland visitors, and tourists. It notes that when significant numbers of all three groups regularly use an area, it attains a genius loci, a quintessential of vitality. Since large numbers of non-locals are intrinsic to the phenomenon, the investigation ponders their attraction and finds that they seek goods, services, and experiences, which are significantly "different" from those available in their own areas . Then since such commercial activities and experiential environments arise to satisfy people's needs, it follows that they occur initially, in response to the demands of groups of "unique local" residents and workers. Further, a "variety" of such facilities, must be the response to the demands of a "diversity" of groups with sufficient within-group homogeneity, size, and purchasing power to surmount the customer thresholds which ensure business profitability. The factorial ecologists have demonstrated that the processes of residential segregation which create such distributions, arise in response to both local and societal influences affecting factors such as socio-economic status, ethnicity, life-cycle stage and familism. Thus the size and segregating characteristics of the local population are held to be the determinants of vitality. After developing the model, the thesis surveys four commercial areas in Vancouver to test its explanatory power. It concludes that the amount of vitality evident in each centre, correlates to the size, and number of unique social groups within its local population. For example the European stores, chic boutiques, and local services on Robson Street are a response to several social groups past and present; the environmental attractions of Water Street, are the results of locals of yesteryear; and the limited vitality in the other two areas is due to insufficient between-group heterogeneity in one instance and an apparent incomplete invasion/succession cycle in the other. It is believed that the model represents a first step in the evolution of a theory, which warrants further testing and refinement.
Floquet Hamiltonian Engineering of an Isolated Many-Body Spin System
Creators: name: Geier, Sebastian
name: Thaicharoen, Nithiwadee
name: Hainaut, Clément
name: Franz, Titus
name: Salzinger, Andre
name: Tebben, Annika
name: Grimshandl, David
name: Zürn, Gerhard
name: Weidemüller, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlling interactions is the key element for quantum engineering of many-body systems. Using time-periodic driving, a naturally given many-body Hamiltonian of a closed quantum system can be transformed into an effective target Hamiltonian exhibiting vastly different dynamics. We demonstrate such Floquet engineering with a system of spins represented by Rydberg states in an ultracold atomic gas. Applying a sequence of spin manipulations, we change the symmetry properties of the effective Heisenberg XYZ Hamiltonian. As a consequence, the relaxation behavior of the total spin is drastically modified. The observed dynamics can be qualitatively captured by a semi-classical simulation. Synthesising a wide range of Hamiltonians opens vast opportunities for implementing quantum simulation of non-equilibrium dynamics in a single experimental setting.
Graphene Oxidation: Thickness Dependent Etching and Strong Chemical Doping
Creators: name: Liu, Li
name: Ryu, Sunmin
name: Tomasik, Michelle R.
name: Stolyarova, Elena
name: Jung, Naeyoung
name: Hybertsen, Mark S.
name: Steigerwald, Michael L.
name: Brus, Louis E.
name: Flynn, George W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Patterned graphene shows substantial potential for applications in future molecular-scale integrated electronics. Environmental effects are a critical issue in a single layer material where every atom is on the surface. Especially intriguing is the variety of rich chemical interactions shown by molecular oxygen with aromatic molecules. We find that O2 etching kinetics vary strongly with the number of graphene layers in the sample. Three-layer-thick samples show etching similar to bulk natural graphite. Single-layer graphene reacts faster and shows random etch pits in contrast to natural graphite where nucleation occurs at point defects. In addition, basal plane oxygen species strongly hole dope graphene, with a Fermi level shift of ~0.5 eV. These oxygen species partially desorb in an Ar gas flow, or under irradiation by far UV light, and readsorb again in an O2 atmosphere at room temperature. This strongly doped graphene is very different than graphene oxide made by mineral acid attack.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
No arbitrage and multiplicative special semimartingales
Creators: name: Platen, Eckhard
name: Tappe, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Consider a financial market with nonnegative semimartingales which does not need to have a numéraire. We are interested in the absence of arbitrage in the sense that no self-financing portfolio gives rise to arbitrage opportunities, where we are allowed to add a savings account to the market. We will prove that in this sense the market is free of arbitrage if and only if there exists an equivalent local martingale deflator which is a multiplicative special semimartingale. In this case, the additional savings account relates to the finite variation part of the multiplicative decomposition of the deflator.
description: 37 pages
Forty-Four Pass Fibre Optic Loop for Improving the Sensitivity of Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors
Creators: name: Su, Chin B
name: Kameoka, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A forty-four pass fibre optic surface plasmon resonance sensor that enhances detection sensitivity according to the number of passes is demonstrated for the first time. The technique employs a fibre optic recirculation loop that passes the detection spot forty- four times, thus enhancing sensitivity by a factor of forty-four. Presently, the total number of passes is limited by the onset of lasing action of the recirculation loop. This technique offers a significant sensitivity improvement for various types of plasmon resonance sensors that may be used in chemical and biomolecule detections.
description: Submitted for publication; patent disclosure submitted
Random systems of polynomial equations. The expected number of roots under smooth analysis
Creators: name: Armentano, Diego
name: Wschebor, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider random systems of equations over the reals, with $m$ equations and $m$ unknowns $P_i(t)+X_i(t)=0$, $t\in\mathbb{R}^m$, $i=1,...,m$, where the $P_i$'s are non-random polynomials having degrees $d_i$'s (the "signal") and the $X_i$'s (the "noise") are independent real-valued Gaussian centered random polynomial fields defined on $\mathbb{R}^m$, with a probability law satisfying some invariance properties. For each $i$, $P_i$ and $X_i$ have degree $d_i$. The problem is the behavior of the number of roots for large $m$. We prove that under specified conditions on the relation signal over noise, which imply that in a certain sense this relation is neither too large nor too small, it follows that the quotient between the expected value of the number of roots of the perturbed system and the expected value corresponding to the centered system (i.e., $P_i$ identically zero for all $i=1,...,m$), tends to zero geometrically fast as $m$ tends to infinity. In particular, this means that the behavior of this expected value is governed by the noise part.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/08-BEJ149 the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm)
Konrad Maier (Hrsg.), Nation und Sprache in Nordosteuropa im 19. Jahrhundert
Creators: name: Boden, Ragna
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2013

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 62 Nr. 4 (2013)
Die ältesten Satzungen des Junkerhofes und -gartens der Altstadt Königsberg aus dem Jahre 1431
Creators: name: Heckmann, Dieter
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1995

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 44 Nr. 3 (1995)
The Outer Disks of Early-Type Galaxies. I. Surface-Brightness Profiles of Barred Galaxies
Creators: name: Erwin, Peter
name: Pohlen, Michael
name: Beckman, John E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of 66 barred, early-type (S0-Sb) disk galaxies, focused on the disk surface brightness profile outside the bar region and the nature of Freeman Type I and II profiles, their origins, and their possible relation to disk truncations. This paper discusses the data and their reduction, outlines our classification system, and presents $R$-band profiles and classifications for all galaxies in the sample. The profiles are derived from a variety of different sources, including the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (Data Release 5). For about half of the galaxies, we have profiles derived from more than one telescope; this allows us to check the stability and repeatability of our profile extraction and classification. The vast majority of the profiles are reliable down to levels of mu_R ~ 27 mag arcsec^-2; in exceptional cases, we can trace profiles down to mu_R > 28. We can typically follow disk profiles out to at least 1.5 times the traditional optical radius R_25; for some galaxies, we find light extending to ~ 3 R_25. We classify the profiles into three main groups: Type I (single-exponential), Type II (down-bending), and Type III (up-bending). The frequencies of these types are approximately 27%, 42%, and 24%, respectively, plus another 6% which are combinations of Types II and III. We further classify Type II profiles by where the break falls in relation to the bar length, and in terms of the postulated mechanisms for breaks at large radii ("classical trunction" of star formation versus the influence of the Outer Lindblad Resonance of the bar). We also classify the Type III profiles by the probable morphology of the outer light (disk or spheroid). Illustrations are given for all cases. (Abridged)
description: 41 pages, 26 PDF figures. To appear in the Astronomical Journal. Version with full-resolution figures available at http://www.mpe.mpg.de/~erwin/research/
Precision orbital dynamics from interstellar scintillation arcs for PSR J0437-4715
Creators: name: Reardon, Daniel J.
name: Coles, William A.
name: Bailes, Matthew
name: Bhat, N. D. Ramesh
name: Dai, Shi
name: Hobbs, George B.
name: Kerr, Matthew
name: Manchester, Richard N.
name: Oslowski, Stefan
name: Parthasarathy, Aditya
name: Russell, Christopher J.
name: Shannon, Ryan M.
name: Spiewak, Renee
name: Toomey, Lawrence
name: Tuntsov, Artem V.
name: van Straten, Willem
name: Walker, Mark A.
name: Wang, Jingbo
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Zhu, Xing-Jiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intensity scintillations of radio pulsars are known to originate from interference between waves scattered by the electron density irregularities of interstellar plasma, often leading to parabolic arcs in the two-dimensional power spectrum of the recorded dynamic spectrum. The degree of arc curvature depends on the distance to the scattering plasma and its transverse velocity with respect to the line-of-sight. We report the observation of annual and orbital variations in the curvature of scintillation arcs over a period of 16 years for the bright millisecond pulsar, PSR J0437-4715. These variations are the signature of the relative transverse motions of the Earth, pulsar, and scattering medium, which we model to obtain precise measurements of parameters of the pulsar's binary orbit and the scattering medium itself. We observe two clear scintillation arcs in most of our $>$5000 observations and we show that they originate from scattering by thin screens located at distances $D_1 = 89.8 \pm 0.4$ pc and $D_2 = 124 \pm 3$ pc from Earth. The best-fit scattering model we derive for the brightest arc yields the pulsar's orbital inclination angle $i = 137.1 \pm 0.3^\circ$, and longitude of ascending node, $Ω=206.3\pm0.4^\circ$. Using scintillation arcs for precise astrometry and orbital dynamics can be superior to modelling variations in the diffractive scintillation timescale, because the arc curvature is independent of variations in the level of turbulence of interstellar plasma. This technique can be used in combination with pulsar timing to determine the full three-dimensional orbital geometries of binary pulsars, and provides parameters essential for testing theories of gravity and constraining neutron star masses.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Dynamical aspects of asymmetric Eddington gravity with scalar fields
Creators: name: Azri, Hemza
name: Nasri, Salah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Eddington gravity, the action principle involves only the symmetric parts of the connection and the Ricci tensor, with a metric that emerges proportionally to the latter. Here, we relax this symmetric character, prolong the action with the antisymmetric parts of the Ricci term, and allow for various couplings with scalar fields. We propose two possible invariant actions formed by distinct combinations of the independent Ricci tensors and show that the generated metric must involve an additional antisymmetric part due to the relaxation of the symmetrization property. The comprehensive study shows that the second curvature influences the dynamics of the connection, hence its solution in terms of the metric, and the evolution of the scalar fields. These new dynamical features are expected to stand viable and to have interesting implications in domains where scalar fields are indispensable.
Categorical formulation of quantum algebras
Creators: name: Vicary, Jamie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe how dagger-Frobenius monoids give the correct categorical description of certain kinds of finite-dimensional 'quantum algebras'. We develop the concept of an involution monoid, and use it to construct a correspondence between finite-dimensional C*-algebras and certain types of dagger-Frobenius monoids in the category of Hilbert spaces. Using this technology, we recast the spectral theorems for commutative C*-algebras and for normal operators into an explicitly categorical language, and we examine the case that the results of measurements do not form finite sets, but rather objects in a finite Boolean topos. We describe the relevance of these results for topological quantum field theory.
description: 34 pages, to appear in Communications in Mathematical Physics
РОЛЬ ЦИФРОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В ПОДГОТОВКЕ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНЫХ РАБОТ
Creators: name: Комилова, З.Х.
name: Рустамова, Муслимахон
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: В статье рассматривается роль цифровых технологий в процессе подготовки самостоятельных работ студентов. Автор анализирует влияние современных информационных и коммуникационных технологий на организацию учебного процесса, выявляет ключевые возможности  которые цифровые инструменты предлагают учащимся и преподавателям. Описаны различные виды платформ и программного обеспечения, которые могут быть использованы для улучшения качества выполнения самостоятельных заданий, а также возможности для развития навыков критического мышления, анализа информации и работы с электронными источниками. Особое внимание уделено вопросам доступа к образовательным ресурсам и повышению уровня взаимодействия между студентами и преподавателями с помощью цифровых технологий.
A Binary Quantifier for Definite Descriptions for Cut Free Free Logics
Creators: name: Kürbis, Nils
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper presents rules in sequent calculus for a binary quantifier $I$ to formalise definite descriptions: $Ix[F, G]$ means `The $F$ is $G$'. The rules are suitable to be added to a system of positive free logic. The paper extends the proof of a cut elimination theorem for this system by Indrzejczak by proving the cases for the rules of $I$. There are also brief comparisons of the present approach to the more common one that formalises definite descriptions with a term forming operator. In the final section rules for $I$ for negative free and classical logic are also mentioned.
Abgrenzung oder Assimilation. Überlegungen zum Wandel der deutschbaltischen Ideologien 1918-1939 anhand der "Baltischen Monatsschrift"
Creators: name: Feest, David
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1996

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 45 Nr. 4 (1996)
A new triterpenoid from the stems of Kadsura coccinea with their antiproliferative activity
Creators: name: Le Huyen Tram
name: Huong, Tran Thu
name: Le Thi Thuy
name: Van Thong, Nguyen
name: Anh, Nguyen Tuan
name: Minh, Nguyen Hoang
name: Ha, Tran Thu
name: Dung, Dao Anh
name: Thao, Nguyen Phuong
name: Thuong, Phuong Thien
name: Le, Duc Dat
name: Hiep, Nguyen Dinh
name: Shin, Hee Jae
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: A series of schiartane C29 nortriterpenoids with 5/5/7/6/5 membered consecutive rings (1‒5) with an unique schinortriterpenoid skeleton including a new, kadcoccilactone V (1), together with four known ones (2‒5) and three known triterpenoids (6‒8) were identified from stems of Kadsura coccinea (Lem.) A. C. Smith. The structures of 1 and known compounds were elucidated by interpretation of 1D and 2D NMR, and HR-ESI-MS data as well as comparing those data in the literature. All the isolated compounds were examined for cytotoxic effects against six human cancer cell lines [(HCT-15 (colon), NUGC-3 (stomach), NCI-H23 (lung), ACHN (renal), PC-3 (prostate), and MDA-MB-231 (breast)]. Among them, compound 6 showed potent cytotoxicity against NCI-H23 (GI50 1.28 µM) and NUGC-3 (GI50 1.28 µM), and significantly inhibited on PC-3, MDA-MB-231, ACHN, HCT-15 with GI50 values around 2.33 to 2.67 µM.
Josep Solervicens-Antoni L. Moll (a cura di), La poètica renaixentista a Europa. Una recreació del llegat clàssic, Barcelona, Punctum 2011, pp. 241, ISBN 9788493925208
Creators: name: Looney, Dennis
Publisher: name: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara
Year: 2013

description: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara, VII 2 (2012)