cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A substitute for the maximum principle for singularly perturbed time-dependent semilinear reaction-diffusion problems --- Part I
Creators: name: Savescu, Simona B.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: singularly perturbed time-dependent semilinear reaction-diffusion
subject: problems
subject: maximum principle
subject: upper and lower solutions
subject: layer functions
subject: asymptotic expansion
subject: 35B50
subject: 35K57
subject: 65L11
subject: 35K58
subject: 65N06

description: As the maximum principle does not hold true for nonlinear problems unless global, restrictive and often nonphysical assumptions are imposed over the whole domain, we introduce less restrictive, viable assumptions and show that the theory of upper and lower solutions is an appropriate substitute for the maximum principle in the case of singularly perturbed time-dependent semilinear reaction-diffusion problems with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The upper and lower solutions capture the boundary, interior and corner layers and the boundary conditions.
Giant Vortex Clusters in a Two-Dimensional Quantum Fluid
Creators: name: Gauthier, Guillaume
name: Reeves, Matthew T.
name: Yu, Xiaoquan
name: Bradley, Ashton S.
name: Baker, Mark
name: Bell, Thomas A.
name: Rubinsztein-Dunlop, Halina
name: Davis, Matthew J.
name: Neely, Tyler W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adding energy to a system through transient stirring usually leads to more disorder. In contrast, point-like vortices in a bounded two-dimensional fluid are predicted to reorder above a certain energy, forming persistent vortex clusters. Here we realize experimentally these vortex clusters in a planar superfluid: a $^{87}$Rb Bose-Einstein condensate confined to an elliptical geometry. We demonstrate that the clusters persist for long times, maintaining the superfluid system in a high energy state far from global equilibrium. Our experiments explore a regime of vortex matter at negative absolute temperatures, and have relevance to the dynamics of topological defects, two-dimensional turbulence, and systems such as helium films, nonlinear optical materials, fermion superfluids, and quark-gluon plasmas.
description: 14 pages, 4 Figures, 9 Supplemental Figures. The definitive version of this article was published in Science Vol. 364, Issue 6447, pp. 1264-1267, 28 Jun 2019. doi:10.1126/science.aat5718
Nonperturbative contributions in quantum-mechanical models: the instantonic approach
Creators: name: Casahorran, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the euclidean path-integral formalism in connection with the one-dimensional non-relativistic particle. The configurations which allow to construct a semiclassical approximation classify themselves into either topological (instantons) and non-topological (bounces) solutions. The quantum amplitudes consist on an exponential associated with the classical contribution multiplied by the fluctuation factor which is given by a functional determinant. The eigenfunctions as well as the energy eigenvalues of the quadratic operators at issue can be written in closed form due to the shape-invariance property. Accordingly we resort to the zeta-function method to compute the functional determinants in a systematic way. The effect of the multi-instantons configurations is also carefully considered. To illustrate the instanton calculus in a relevant model we go to the double-well potential. The second popular case is the periodic-potential where the initial levels split into bands. The quantum decay rate of the metastable states in a cubic model is evaluated by means of the bounce-like solution.
description: To appear in Commun. Math. Scienc
The multigrid method based on a wavelet transformation and Schur complement
Creators: name: Engquist
name: Erding  Luo
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Abstract: "A new interpolation for the two-level method based on the wavelet transformation and the Schur complement is constructed. The new interpolation is useful for partial differential equations with highly oscillatory coefficients to which the homogenization theory is applicable. Convergence of the two-level method with the new interpolation is studied and numerical experiments are conducted."
Cucurbit[7]uril limits the binding of coumarin bearing alkyl-acetoacetate with mercury and stimulates the desulphurisation reaction of its sulphur analog
Creators: name: Aliaga, Margarita E.
name: Pavez, Paulina
name: Quintero, Guillermo
name: Droguett, Kevin
name: Cañete, Álvaro
name: Santos, José G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: The inclusion of 7-diethylamino-coumarin derivatives, bearing an ethyl acetoacetate (CAM1) and a methyl β-ketodithioester moiety (CAM2) in the cavity of cucurbit[7]uril (CB7), leads to different interaction forms with mercuric ions (Hg2+). The interaction between these ions and CAM1, in the presence of CB7, occurs through the lateral ethyl acetoacetate moiety of the keto form of CAM1, leading to the formation of binary assemblies such as Hg2+@CAM1 and Hg2+@CB7. As a consequence, the metal restricts the insertion of the dye into the CB7 cavity, decreasing the apparent binding constant between them. Interestingly, for the other derivative CAM2, a mercury-induced desulfurisation reaction of its β-ketodithioester moiety is kinetically accelerated by CB7 (by a factor ≈25), which subsequently leads to the generation of binary and ternary complexes among the analogue oxygenised from CAM2, metal and CB7. The later effect is a promising strategy that could be considered for the mercury sensing methodology.
Notoptera Crampton 1915
Creators: name: Lonsdale, Owen
name: Locke, Michelle M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta

description: Notoptera   athapaska Kamp, 1979, Grylloblatta
holotype (1 male, ethyl alcohol)
 Verbatim: Summit Lake, mile 392, Alaska Hiway [sic], B.C. 4925′ 26.VIII.1962 RE. Leech on eastern slope Grnd temp=6°C / CNC 165656.
 Interpretive data: CANADA. British Columbia: Stone Mountain Provincial Park, Summit Lake, Mt. St. Paul, mile 392, Alaska Hwy., 58°38′53.53″N 124°40′0.89″W, 1501m, on eastern slope; ground temp = 6 deg C, 26.viii.1962, R.E. Leech, CNC Type No. 16072, CNC165656.
 Determination: TYPE Grylloblatta campodei[two letters, illegible] Athapaska TYPE / ♂ Type Grylloblatta campodeiformis Athapaska S.W. Kamp / HOLOTYPE CNC No. 16072.
 Comments: Vial shared with 3 juveniles and 1 dissection in mini shell vial.
 nahanni Kamp, 1979, Grylloblatta
holotype (1 male, ethyl alcohol)
 Verbatim: CassieR, B.C. Mt. McDame/ 5,400ft IX/16,17,18/69 6,000ft. Limestone Pk. / AiR temp -34°-36°F [sic] R.H. 867 ground 32°-34°C / CNC 165658.
 Interpretive data: CANADA. British Columbia: Cassiar, Cassiar Mountain Range, Limestone Pk., Mt. McDame, 59°18′57″N 129°48′27″W, 1645 to 1828 m, air temp -34°-36°C, ground 32°-34°C, 16-18.ix.1969, J.W. Kamp, CNC Type No. 16073, CNC165658.
 Determination: TYPE Grylloblatta campodeiformis NahaNNi TYPE / Type: Grylloblatta campodeiformis NAhaNNi: J.W. Kamp / HOLOTYPE CNC No. 16073.
 Comments: Description lists elevation as 1647m and collection date as 17.ix.1969.
 scudderi Kamp, 1979, Grylloblatta
holotype (1 male, ethyl alcohol)
 Verbatim: Whistler Mt. Garibaldi Prov. Pk., B.C. 1951m 13.VII.1970 L. Bartlett / CNC 165659.
 Interpretive data: CANADA. British Columbia: Garibaldi Provincial Park, Whistler Mountain, 50°03′33″N 122°57′25″W, 1951m, on snow field in cirque below glacier, air temp 5°C, 13.vii.1970, L. Bartlett, CNC Type No. 16074, CNC165659.
 Determination: TYPE Grylloblatta scuddeRi TYPE / Type GRylloblatta scudeRRi [sic] J.W. Kamp 15 I 1979 / HOLOTYPE CNC No. 16074.
 Comments: Habitat information taken from original description.
description: Published as part of Lonsdale, Owen & Locke, Michelle M., 2018, Name-bearing type specimens in the Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids & Nematodes (CNC): Blattodea, Dermaptera, Notoptera, Mecoptera, Megaloptera, Myriapoda, Neuroptera, Odonata, Orthoptera, Phthiraptera, Pseudoscorpiones, Psocoptera, Raphidioptera & Siphonaptera, pp. 101-126 in Zootaxa 4526 (2) on page 110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4526.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2611468
A new fluorescent ‘turn on’ probe for rapid detection of biothiols
Creators: name: Üçüncü, Muhammed
name: Zeybek, Hüseyin
name: Karakuş, Erman
name: Üçüncü, Canan
name: Emrullahoğlu, Mustafa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 60506 Virology

description: We designed and synthesised a novel molecular probe exhibiting high selectivity and sensitivity towards reactive sulphur species (RSS) over other amino acids and biologically relevant species, as well as scrutinised its spectroscopic behaviours under physiological conditions and in living milieu. We used an electrophilic cyanate group as a masking agent to block the excited state intramolecular proton transfer process of 2-(2-cyanato-3-methoxyphenyl)benzo[d]thiazole (HMBT-OCN), which readily hydrolyses to the highly fluorescent structure, 2-(2ʹ-Hydroxy-3ʹ-methoxyphenyl)benzothiazole (HMBT-OH), in the presence of reactive sulphur species.
Speckle-visibility spectroscopy: A tool to study time-varying dynamics
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, R.
name: Gittings, A. S.
name: Suh, S. S.
name: Dixon, P. K.
name: Durian, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a multispeckle dynamic light scattering technique capable of resolving the motion of scattering sites in cases that this motion changes systematically with time. The method is based on the visibility of the speckle pattern formed by the scattered light as detected by a single exposure of a digital camera. Whereas previous multispeckle methods rely on correlations between images, here the connection with scattering site dynamics is made more simply in terms of the variance of intensity among the pixels of the camera for the specified exposure duration. The essence is that the speckle pattern is more visible, i.e. the variance of detected intensity levels is greater, when the dynamics of the scattering site motion is slow compared to the exposure time of the camera. The theory for analyzing the moments of the spatial intensity distribution in terms of the electric field autocorrelation is presented. It is demonstrated for two well-understood samples, a colloidal suspension of Brownian particles and a coarsening foam, where the dynamics can be treated as stationary. However, the method is particularly appropriate for samples in which the dynamics vary with time, either slowly or rapidly, limited only by the exposure time fidelity of the camera. Potential applications range from soft-glassy materials, to granular avalanches, to flowmetry of living tissue.
description: review - theory and experiment
title: Suivi du patient C
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques (1942-2020)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Graphique et tableau de fichier xls transformé en fichier pdf.
Effective Image Differencing with ConvNets for Real-time Transient Hunting
Creators: name: Sedaghat, Nima
name: Mahabal, Ashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large sky surveys are increasingly relying on image subtraction pipelines for real-time (and archival) transient detection. In this process one has to contend with varying PSF, small brightness variations in many sources, as well as artifacts resulting from saturated stars, and, in general, matching errors. Very often the differencing is done with a reference image that is deeper than individual images and the attendant difference in noise characteristics can also lead to artifacts. We present here a deep-learning approach to transient detection that encapsulates all the steps of a traditional image subtraction pipeline -- image registration, background subtraction, noise removal, psf matching, and subtraction -- into a single real-time convolutional network. Once trained the method works lighteningly fast, and given that it does multiple steps at one go, the advantages for multi-CCD, fast surveys like ZTF and LSST are obvious.
Central limit theorems for law-invariant coherent risk measures
Creators: name: Belomestny, Denis
name: Krätschmer, Volker
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: law-invariant coherent risk measures
subject: canonical plug-in estimates
subject: functional central limit theorems
subject: weak dependence
subject: 60F05
subject: 60F12
subject: 62F17

description: In this paper we study the asymptotic properties of the canonical plug-in estimates for law-invariant coherent risk measures. Under rather mild conditions not relying on the explicit representation of the risk measure under consideration, we first prove a central limit theorem for independent identically distributed data and then extend it to the case of weakly dependent ones. Finally, a number of illustrating examples is presented.
The Population of Faint Transients in the Galactic Centre
Creators: name: King, Andrew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: BeppoSAX has detected a population of faint transient X-ray sources in the Galactic Centre. I show that a simple irradiated-disc picture gives a consistent fit to the properties of this population, and that it probably consists of low-mass X-ray binaries which have evolved beyond their minimum periods ~80 min. Since all post-minimum systems are transient, and neutron-star LMXBs are more common than black-hole LMXBs in the Galaxy, the majority of these systems should contain neutron stars, as observed. This picture predicts that the Galactic Centre transients should have orbital periods in the range \~80-120 minutes, and that most of them should repeat in the next few years. In this case, the total number of post-minimum transients in the Galaxy would be considerably smaller than the usual estimates of its total LMXB population. I discuss possible reasons for this.
description: 5 pages, no figures; MNRAS in press
Extended Theory of Finite Fermi Systems: Application to the collective and non-collective E1 strength in $^{208}$Pb
Creators: name: Tselyaev, V.
name: Speth, J.
name: Gruemmer, F.
name: Krewald, S.
name: Avdeenkov, A.
name: Litvinova, E.
name: Tertychny, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Extended Theory of Finite Fermi Systems is based on the conventional Landau-Migdal theory and includes the coupling to the low-lying phonons in a consistent way. The phonons give rise to a fragmentation of the single-particle strength and to a compression of the single-particle spectrum. Both effects are crucial for a quantitative understanding of nuclear structure properties. We demonstrate the effects on the electric dipole states in $^{208}$Pb (which possesses 50% more neutrons then protons) where we calculated the low-lying non-collective spectrum as well as the high-lying collective resonances. Below 8 MeV, where one expects the so called isovector pygmy resonances, we also find a strong admixture of isoscalar strength that comes from the coupling to the high-lying isoscalar electric dipole resonance, which we obtain at about 22 MeV. The transition density of this resonance is very similar to the breathing mode, which we also calculated. We shall show that the extended theory is the correct approach for self-consistent calculations, where one starts with effective Lagrangians and effective Hamiltonians, respectively, if one wishes to describe simultaneously collective and non-collective properties of the nuclear spectrum. In all cases for which experimental data exist the agreement with the present theory results is good.
description: 21 figures corrected typos in author field
Adaptive smoothing of multi-shell diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance data by msPOAS
Creators: name: Becker, Saskia
name: Tabelow, Karsten
name: Mohammadi, Siawoosh
name: Weiskopf, Nikolaus
name: Polzehl, Jörg
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging
subject: POAS
subject: Structural adaptive smoothing
subject: Parameter choice
subject: Multi-shell
subject: 62P10
subject: 62G05

description: In this article we present a noise reduction method (msPOAS) for multi-shell diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance data. To our knowledge, this is the first smoothing method which allows simultaneous smoothing of all q-shells. It is applied directly to the diffusion weighted data and consequently allows subsequent analysis by any model. Due to its adaptivity, the procedure avoids blurring of the inherent structures and preserves discontinuities. MsPOAS extends the recently developed position-orientation adaptive smoothing (POAS) procedure to multi-shell experiments. At the same time it considerably simplifies and accelerates the calculations. The behavior of the algorithm msPOAS is evaluated on diffusion-weighted data measured on a single shell and on multiple shells.
Methane Emissions Vary by Rainfall in Wetland and are Mediated by Vegetation
Creators: name: Kesey, Chloe
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2024
Subjects: Methane Emissions, wetland, vegetation

description: Investigating the effects of rainfall on methane emissions within wetlands, and the effect of the presence of vegetation. We measured methane flux using floating chambers with 3 replicates in two patches: Open Water (OPW) and Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV), before and after storm events. Dissolved methane concentration was also investigated using Rhizons at two different depths (Shallow and Deep) with 3 replicates in OPW and SAV patches. We observed a trend that methane flux decreased after storms in the SAV patch, with an average difference of -114.18 ± 89.88 mg/m2/hr before and after, but the OPW patch’s mean and variance highly overlapped, seeming negligent with a mean difference of -4.28 ± 15.69 mg/m2/hr. For the dissolved methane, we found that the SAV patches generally increased in dissolved methane concentration, the Shallow depth average difference of 0.41 ± 0.23 𝛍mol/l before and after, while the deep had 41.34 ± 36.84 𝛍mol/l before and after. The dissolved methane in the OPW patches also highly overlapped, seeming negligent with a Shallow depth average difference of -0.45 ± 0.31 𝛍mol/l, and a Deep depth average difference of -4.89 ± 17.01 𝛍mol/l. A potential explanation for the negligent results from the OPW patch could be due to its fast methane recharge rate. While in the SAV patch, diffusive transport and pressurized gas flow can occur, releasing methane in the upper part of the water column. Increased photosynthesis after storm events could also lead to increased gas transport through plant tissue. This study shows that storm events can have important effects on wetland methane flux and complex interactions with vegetation.
Minimal zeros of copositive matrices
Creators: name: Hildebrand, Roland
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Copositive matrix
subject: irreducibility
subject: extreme ray
subject: 15A48
subject: 15A21

description: Let $A$ be an element of the copositive cone $coposn$. A zero $u$ of $A$ is a nonzero nonnegative vector such that $u^TAu = 0$. The support of $u$ is the index set $Suppu subset 1,dots,n$ corresponding to the positive entries of $u$. A zero $u$ of $A$ is called minimal if there does not exist another zero $v$ of $A$ such that its support $Suppv$ is a strict subset of $Suppu$. We investigate the properties of minimal zeros of copositive matrices and their supports. Special attention is devoted to copositive matrices which are irreducible with respect to the cone $S_+(n)$ of positive semi-definite matrices, i.e., matrices which cannot be written as a sum of a copositive and a nonzero positive semi-definite matrix. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for irreducibility of a matrix $A$ with respect to $S_+(n)$ in terms of its minimal zeros. A similar condition is given for the irreducibility with respect to the cone $NNMn$ of entry-wise nonnegative matrices. For $n = 5$ matrices which are irreducible with respect to both $S_+(5)$ and $NNM5$ are extremal. For $n = 6$ a list of candidate combinations of supports of minimal zeros which an exceptional extremal matrix can have is provided.
Facilitating Privacy Conversations with Vulnerable Populations
Creators: name: Hamidi, Foad
name: Massey, Aaron
name: Easley III, William
name: Mentis, Helena
name: Hurst, Amy
Publisher: name: ACM
Year: 2020

description: CHI EA '20: Extended Abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, April 2020
description: In recent years, designers, engineers, policy makers, and regulators have taken considerable interest in the design of emerging systems to incorporate privacy perspectives of diverse populations, including vulnerable populations. The development and deployment of accessible and easy-to-use tools to facilitate conversations about privacy and data expectations for diverse end-users is an important step in including such perspectives. In this position paper, we reflect on the role of a tool we developed and used in two recent projects to inquire into the data expectations of two vulnerable populations: people with disabilities and youth in the workplace.
Cross-language influences in bilingual processing and second language acquisition: An introduction to the volume.
Creators: name: Elgort, Irina
name: Siyanova, Anna
name: Brysbaert, Marc
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5204
subject: Cognitive and computational psychology
classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 4704
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
classificationCode: 47
subject: Language, communication and culture

description: In this chapter, we situate cross-language influences as an interdisciplinary research topic, outline the structure of the volume, and highlight key points from the state-of-the-art review chapters. The chapters critically evaluate the present state of research into cross-language influences across three core domains of linguistic knowledge (phonology, lexicon, and morphosyntax) and identify promising directions for future interdisciplinary research.
Scaling Informal Technology Education through Maker Spaces
Creators: name: Hamidi, Foad
name: Grimes, Shawn
name: Grimes, Stephanie
name: Moulton, Adena
name: Coy, Andrew
Publisher: name: ASEE
Year: 2020

description: 2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access, Virtual Online, June 22-26, 2020.
description: Maker education models provide multiple points of entry for youth to gain exposure, interest, and skill-building in high-growth technology skills. Research has shown that maker-based programs can engage underrepresented audiences, including minorities and females, in technology career pathways. While maker education principles and approaches have transformative potential across both formal and informal learning environments, the agility and flexibility of informal learning environments like afterschool programs, make them especially amenable to the iterative, experimental, ethos of making and provide the needed flexibility to experiment with systemic changes to youth-centered learning approaches. Resources and guides on how to establish and run a makerspace are increasingly becoming available; however, research is needed to understand what are effective ways to create these resources and how to best support educators who want to create and run maker learning programs for the first time. In this NSF-funded project (Division of Research on Learning in Formal and Informal Settings division), we are studying how to expand maker-based educational programs across three different sites. We used three professional development models, comprising of (1) online training, (2) face-to-face training at the site, and (3) face-to-face remote training. During the trainings, we worked with educators who had not delivered a maker-based program to design their space, familiarize them with maker concepts and technologies, and train them in an established maker curriculum. Results to date show that a hybrid online and face-to-face training offers the most promising approach and that building in flexibility and customizability in the curriculum may increase educator and youth engagement.
Parameter Box: High Performance Parameter Servers for Efficient Distributed Deep Neural Network Training
Creators: name: Luo, Liang
name: Nelson, Jacob
name: Ceze, Luis
name: Phanishayee, Amar
name: Krishnamurthy, Arvind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most work in the deep learning systems community has focused on faster inference, but arriving at a trained model requires lengthy experiments. Accelerating training lets developers iterate faster and come up with better models. DNN training is often seen as a compute-bound problem, best done in a single large compute node with many GPUs. As DNNs get bigger, training requires going distributed. Distributed deep neural network (DDNN) training constitutes an important workload on the cloud. Larger DNN models and faster compute engines shift the training performance bottleneck from computation to communication. Our experiments show existing DNN training frameworks do not scale in a typical cloud environment due to insufficient bandwidth and inefficient parameter server software stacks.We propose PBox, a balanced, scalable central PS hardware that balances compute and communication resources, and PHub, a high performance parameter server (PS) software design that provides an optimized network stack and a streamlined gradient processing pipeline to benefit common PS setups to utilize PBox. We show that in a typical cloud environment, PBox can achieve up to 3.8x speedup over state-of-the-art designs when training ImageNet. We discuss future directions of integrating PBox with programmable switches for in-network aggregation during training, leveraging the datacenter network topology to reduce bandwidth usage and localize data movement.
Probing Naked Singularities in Non-supersymmetric String Vacua
Creators: name: Berglund, P.
name: Hubsch, T.
name: Minic, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of non-supersymmetric spacetime varying string vacua which can lead to an exponential hierarchy between the electroweak and the gravitational scales. In particular, we identify a limit in which these vacua can be interpreted as supersymmetric vacua of F-theory. Furthermore, we study the properties of these solutions as seen by $D7$-brane probes and establish a non-supersymmetric analogue of the enhancon mechanism.
description: 46 pages, Latex, 7 figures; the brane probe analysis (sections 3 and 4) has been revised, references added and typos corrected
Additional file 1 of mTOR regulates GPVI-mediated platelet activation
Creators: name: Wang, Longsheng
name: Liu, Gang
name: Wu, Nannan
name: Dai, Baiyun
name: Han, Shuang
name: Liu, Qiaoyun
name: Huang, Fang
name: Chen, Zhihua
name: Xu, Weihong
name: Xia, Dajing
name: Gao, Cunji
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Additional Data S I, II
Nuclear polarizability of helium isotopes in atomic transitions
Creators: name: Pachucki, K.
name: Moro, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the nuclear polarizability correction to atomic transition frequencies in various helium isotopes. This effect is non-negligible for high precision tests of quantum electrodynamics or accurate determination of the nuclear charge radius from spectroscopic measurements in helium atoms and ions. In particular, it amounts to $28(3)$ kHz for 1S-2S transition in 4He+.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. A. Revised version: misprints corrected, new references added
The genesis of the Non-Linear Field Theories of Mechanics
Creators: name: Noll, Walter
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Clifford Truesdell was a singularity among all prominent scientist-scholars of the twentieth century. He believed that the pinnacle of civilization had been reached in the 18th century and that things have gone downhill ever since. He had no television set and no radio, and I doubt that he ever used a typewriter, let alone a computer. Many of the letters he sent me were written with a quill pen. (However, he did not reject such modern conveniences as flush toilets and air-conditioning.) He loved baroque music and did not care very much for what was composed later on. He owned very fine harpsichords and often invited masters of the instrument to play, often before a large audience, in his large home in Baltimore, which he called the "Palazetto". He collected art and antique furniture, mostly from the 18th century. He even often dressed in the manner of an 18th century gentleman. Most importantly, he admired the scientists of the 18th century and, above all, Leonhard Euler, whom he considered to be the greatest mathematician of all time. Actually, in the 18th century, mathematics and physics were not the separate specialties they are today, and the term "Natural Philosophy" was the term then used for the endeavor to understand nature by using mathematics as a conceptual tool. C.T. tried and succeeded to some extent in reviving this term. That is why this meeting is a Meeting of the Society for Natural Philosophy.
Gentrification & Community Cohesion in Trinidad, Washington DC
Creators: name: Frazier, Levi
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2024
Subjects: sociology
SOCY
gentrification
cohesion
displacement

description: This research project investigates community cohesion amidst gentrification in Trinidad, Washington, DC. The research combines literature review, observational analysis, quantitative comparison, expert interviews, and qualitative resident interviews to comprehensively assess the impacts of gentrification on neighborhood social dynamics. Findings reveal a complex interplay of factors, including the displacement of lifetime residents, the erosion of cultural identity and minority-owned businesses, and a notable racial divide between existing Black residents and newcomer White residents. Despite the potential for higher quality amenities, gentrification often leads to the exclusion of original residents from those amenities and disrupts longstanding community ties. This work highlights the importance of diversity of perspectives and emphasizes the need for collaboration between existing communities and urban development entities to achieve more equitable outcomes. Shifts in demographic distribution display the evolving nature of DC’s social landscape. Ultimately, the research contributes valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities of gentrification in urban settings, emphasizing the both importance of inclusive and collaborative approaches to urban development, and initiatives taken to allow for greater cohesion between newcomers and existing residents.
Thermodynamics of a Fermi liquid in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Betouras, Joseph
name: Efremov, Dmitry
name: Chubukov, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present calculations of the non-analytic terms in the spin susceptibility chi_s(T) and the specific heat C(T) to systems in a magnetic field. Without a field, chi_s(T) and C(T)/T are linear in T in 2D, while in 3D, chi_s(T) is proportional to T^2 and C(T)/T proportional to T^2 logT. We show that in a magnetic field, the linear in T terms in 2D become scaling functions of mu_B H/T. We present explicit expressions for these functions and show that at high fields, mu_B H >> T, chi_s(T,H) scales as |H|. We also show that in 3D, chi_s(T,H) becomes non-analytic in a field and at high fields scales as H^2 log|H|.
description: 4 pages,3 figures
LOFAR discovery of the fastest-spinning millisecond pulsar in the Galactic field
Creators: name: Bassa, C. G.
name: Pleunis, Z.
name: Hessels, J. W. T.
name: Ferrara, E. C.
name: Breton, R. P.
name: Gusinskaia, N. V.
name: Kondratiev, V. I.
name: Sanidas, S.
name: Nieder, L.
name: Clark, C. J.
name: Li, T.
name: van Amesfoort, A. S.
name: Burnett, T. H.
name: Camilo, F.
name: Michelson, P. F.
name: Ransom, S. M.
name: Ray, P. S.
name: Wood, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of PSR J0952$-$0607, a 707-Hz binary millisecond pulsar which is now the fastest-spinning neutron star known in the Galactic field (i.e., outside of a globular cluster). PSR J0952$-$0607 was found using LOFAR at a central observing frequency of 135 MHz, well below the 300 MHz to 3 GHz frequencies typically used in pulsar searches. The discovery is part of an ongoing LOFAR survey targeting unassociated Fermi Large Area Telescope $γ$-ray sources. PSR J0952$-$0607 is in a 6.42-hr orbit around a very low-mass companion ($M_\mathrm{c}\gtrsim0.02$ M$_\odot$) and we identify a strongly variable optical source, modulated at the orbital period of the pulsar, as the binary companion. The light curve of the companion varies by 1.6 mag from $r^\prime=22.2$ at maximum to $r^\prime>23.8$, indicating that it is irradiated by the pulsar wind. Swift observations place a 3-$σ$ upper limit on the $0.3-10$ keV X-ray luminosity of $L_X < 1.1 \times 10^{31}$ erg s$^{-1}$ (using the 0.97 kpc distance inferred from the dispersion measure). Though no eclipses of the radio pulsar are observed, the properties of the system classify it as a black widow binary. The radio pulsed spectrum of PSR J0952$-$0607, as determined through flux density measurements at 150 and 350 MHz, is extremely steep with $α\sim-3$ (where $S \propto ν^α$). We discuss the growing evidence that the fastest-spinning radio pulsars have exceptionally steep radio spectra, as well as the prospects for finding more sources like PSR J0952$-$0607.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, published in ApJ letters
Using Retrospective Surveys to Assess the Impact of Participating in an Afterschool Maker Learning Program on Youth
Creators: name: Hamidi, Foad
name: Moulton, Adena
name: Grimes, Shawn
name: Grimes, Stephanie
name: Coy, Andrew
Publisher: name: ASEE
Year: 2020

description: 2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access, Virtual Online, June 22-26, 2020
description: As the number of afterschool technology-rich maker learning programs for youth increases, it is important to investigate effective assessment tools that can be used to assess program impact at scale. We studied results from a series of surveys using two deployment modes with 94 youth who participated in programs at an afterschool maker learning center. We found that retrospective surveys that ask youth to reflect on shifts in their attitudes after completing a program are more effective than the same surveys deployed twice, pre- and post- a program. These results confirm input from youth interviews in which they expressed dislike of repeating the same surveys before and after a program and difficulty with answering self-assessment questions without a point of reference.
The Future of Scientific Publication
Creators: name: Noll, Walter
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It has become a truism to say that the Internet is changing the world. Tim Berners-Lee invented the Internet protocol in 1980 to facilitate sharing and updating information among researchers at CERN, the European highenergy facility in Geneva, Switzerland. Now, many scientists all over the world use the Internet to retrieve information. Yet the system of scientific publication is mainly still the traditional one: A scientist writes a research paper, a monograph, or a book, and submits the manuscript to a scientific journal or publisher. An editor sends the manuscript to referees who recommend for or against publication. The whole thing is called “peer review”. More about it later. The traditional process is extremely expensive, very slow, and deeply flawed. Scientific journals proliferate and libraries have difficulties subscribing to all of them. Books, especially textbooks, are extremely expensive, and students find it difficult to afford them. Therefore, I would like to propose a system that is much faster, much cheaper, much fairer, and much more efficient:
Robust homoclinic orbits in planar systems with Preisach hysteresis operator
Creators: name: Pimenov, Alexander
name: Rachinskii, Dmitrii
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Robust homoclinic orbit
subject: Operator-differential equations
subject: predator-prey model
subject: 47J40
subject: 92D25
subject: 37L15

description: We construct examples of robust homoclinic orbits for systems of ordinary differential equations coupled with the Preisach hysteresis operator. Existence of such orbits is demonstrated for the first time. We discuss a generic mechanism that creates robust homoclinic orbits and a method for finding them. An example of a homoclinic orbit in a population dynamics model with hysteretic response of the prey to variations of the predator is studied numerically
title: ADCO, Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1054
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1054, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1054, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Regularity of Desingularised Models for Vortex Filaments in Incompressible Viscous Flows: A Geometrical Approach
Creators: name: Li, Siran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish the regularity of weak solutions for the vorticity equation associated to a family of desingularised models for vortex filament dynamics in 3D incompressible viscous flows. These include and generalise the classical model "of an allowance for the thickness of the vortices" due to Louis Rosenhead in 1930. Our approach is based on an interplay between the geometry of vorticity and analytic inequalities in Sobolev spaces.
description: 11 pages. Quarterly Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics (2020)
New applications of extremely regular function spaces
Creators: name: Abrahamsen, Trond A.
name: Nygaard, Olav
name: Põldvere, Märt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B20, 46B22

description: Let $L$ be an infinite locally compact Hausdorff topological space. We show that extremely regular subspaces of $C_0(L)$ have very strong diameter $2$ properties and, for every real number $\varepsilon$ with $0
description: 9 pages
Simultaneous Bayesian analysis of contingency tables in genetic association studies
Creators: name: Dickhaus, Thorsten
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 62J15
subject: 62C10

description: Genetic association studies lead to simultaneous categorical data analysis. The sample for every genetic locus consists of a contingency table containing the numbers of observed genotype-phenotype combinations. Under case-control design, the row counts of every table are identical and fixed, while column counts are random. The aim of the statistical analysis is to test independence of the phenotype and the genotype at every locus. We present an objective Bayesian methodology for these association tests, utilizing the Bayes factor proposed by Good (1976) and Crook and Good (1980). It relies on the conjugacy of Dirichlet and multinomial distributions, where the hyperprior for the Dirichlet parameter is log-Cauchy. Being based on the likelihood principle, the Bayesian tests avoid looping over all tables with given marginals. Hence, their computational burden does not increase with the sample size, in contrast to frequentist exact tests. Making use of data generated by The Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (2007), we illustrate that the ordering of the Bayes factors shows a good agreement with that of frequentist p-values. Furthermore, we deal with specifying prior probabilities for the validity of the null hypotheses, by taking linkage disequilibrium structure into account and exploiting the concept of effective numbers of tests. Application of a Bayesian decision theoretic multiple test procedure to The Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (2007) data illustrates the proposed methodology. Finally, we discuss two methods for reconciling frequentist and Bayesian approaches to the multiple association test problem for contingency tables in genetic association studies.
A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study: Experiences of Senior Executives’ Decision Making on Transformational Initiatives in a Fortune 100 Company
Creators: name: Maklary, Sherry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 140209 Industry Economics and Industrial Organisation
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Business decision making becomes more complex when focused on strategic corporate transformational initiatives. Although the existing scholarly research was important, it lacked the deep exploration into decision-making experiences, especially of corporate senior leaders making decisions on transformational initiatives. Various studies conducted showed decision making related to transformational initiatives has had a negative impact on corporate performance improvement. This study explored what meanings senior executives managing transformational initiatives ascribed to their experience of decision making, especially as it related to impacting corporate performance improvement. This hermeneutic phenomenological approach was used to understand the phenomenon of decision making and provided the opportunity to guide corporate leaders and senior sponsors to interact in ways that may differ from executives who lack the knowledge of this lived experience. Identification of insights across the seven leaders studied provided understanding of individual perspectives, and new insights across, leading the researcher to discover the essence of humanistic leaderness. Through the humanistic leaderness of those interviewed various feelings were described, some that the leaders believed led to failures of transformations and/or did not meet predicted results on performance improvement. They attributed such failures to lack of senior sponsorship support, overly aggressive decisions on targets, inability to use forward focused assumptions, lack of understanding of each employees’ contributions, and over estimation of labor arbitrage compared to internal capability loss. The researcher concluded from this study that using a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to surface transformation leaders’ voices could prove to reduce transformation failures. These intersubjective shared meanings on their lived experiences of decision making would enable leaders and their senior sponsors to form a new social reality, one where new insight would improve corporate performance for future transformational initiatives. Based on the leader’s experiences the researcher developed multiple recommendations and opportunities for future research that could augment the results of this study to further explore her conclusions beyond this limited population. Keywords: transformation, organizational transformation, transformational initiatives, corporate performance improvement, decision making, organizational decision making, hermeneutic phenomenology, hermeneutics, phenomenology, lived experiences, senior leaders, corporate executives, senior sponsors, humanistic leaderness
Timing jitter in passively mode-locked semiconductor lasers
Creators: name: Pimenov, Alexander
name: Rachinskii, Dmitrii
name: Habruseva, Tatiana
name: Hegarty, Stephen P.
name: Guillaume, Huyet
name: Vladimirov, Andrei G.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Timing jitter
subject: numerical bifurcation analysis
subject: semiconductor lasers
subject: Bistability
subject: 37N20
subject: 65P30
subject: 78A60
subject: 05.45.-a
subject: 42.55.Px
subject: 42.60.Fc
subject: 42.60.Mi
subject: 42.65.Pc

description: We study the effect of noise on the dynamics of passively mode-locked semiconductor lasers both experimentally and theoretically. A method combining analytical and numeri- cal approaches for estimation of pulse timing jitter is proposed. We investigate how the presence of dynamical features such as wavelength bistability affects timing jitter.