cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Circuit QED with a Nonlinear Resonator : ac-Stark Shift and Dephasing
Creators: name: Ong, F. R.
name: Boissonneault, M.
name: Mallet, F.
name: Palacios-Laloy, A.
name: Dewes, A.
name: Doherty, A. C.
name: Blais, A.
name: Bertet, P.
name: Vion, D.
name: Esteve, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed spectroscopic measurements of a superconducting qubit dispersively coupled to a nonlinear resonator driven by a pump microwave field. Measurements of the qubit frequency shift provide a sensitive probe of the intracavity field, yielding a precise characterization of the resonator nonlinearity. The qubit linewidth has a complex dependence on the pump frequency and amplitude, which is correlated with the gain of the nonlinear resonator operated as a small-signal amplifier. The corresponding dephasing rate is found to be close to the quantum limit in the low-gain limit of the amplifier.
description: Paper : 4 pages, 3 figures; Supplementary material : 1 page, 1 figure
Microdomains and Stress Distributions in Bacterial Monolayers on Curved Interfaces
Creators: name: Langeslay, Blake
name: Juarez, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monolayers of growing non-motile rod-shaped bacteria act as active nematic materials composed of hard particles rather than the flexible components of other commonly studied active nematics. The organization of these granular monolayers has been studied on flat surfaces but not on curved surfaces, which are known to change the behavior of other active nematics. We use molecular dynamics simulations to track alignment and stress in growing monolayers fixed to curved surfaces, and investigate how these vary with changing surface curvature and cell aspect ratio. We find that the length scale of alignment (measured by average microdomain size) increases with cell aspect ratio and decreases with curvature. Additionally, we find that alignment controls the distribution of extensile stresses in the monolayer by concentrating stress in low-order regions. These results connect active nematic physics to bacterial monolayers and can be applied to model bacteria growing on droplets, such as marine oil-degrading bacteria.
Additional file 7 of Multivariable models for advanced colorectal neoplasms in screen-eligible individuals at low-to-moderate risk of colorectal cancer: towards improving colonoscopy prioritization
Creators: name: Murthy, Sanjay K.
name: Antonova, Lilia
name: Dube, Catherine
name: Benchimol, Eric I.
name: Le Gal, Gregoire
name: Hae, Richard
name: Burke, Stephen
name: Ramsay, Tim
name: Rostom, Alaa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 7. Table S7. Model performance at different sensitivity thresholds for CRC and HRA detection among patients aged 50–74 (sequential models for CRC and residual ACNs).
Innovative Advantages Ranking: A New Approach
Creators: name: Gogodze, Joseph
Publisher: name: Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław University of Economics, Polish Operational and Systems Research Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: Global Innovation Index, Markov chain, Analytic Hierarchy Process, Multi-Objective Decision Making problem

description: OPERATIONS RESEARCH AND DECISIONS; ISSN 2081-8858
Completely mixed state is a critical point for three-qubit entanglement
Creators: name: Tamaryan, Sayatnova
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pure three-qubit states have five algebraically independent and one algebraically dependent polynomial invariants under local unitary transformations and an arbitrary entanglement measure is a function of these six invariants. It is shown that if the reduced density operator of a some qubit is a multiple of the unit operator, than the geometric entanglement measure of the pure three-qubit state is absolutely independent of the polynomial invariants and is a constant for such tripartite states. Hence a one-particle completely mixed state is a critical point for the geometric measure of entanglement.
description: two references are added, reshaped, few points are clarified
An analysis of maintenance schedules for public facilities
Creators: name: Hopland, Arnt O.
name: Kvamsdal, Sturla F.
name: Sandal, Leif K.
Publisher: name: Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław University of Economics, Polish Operational and Systems Research Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: maintenance, public facilities, optimization

description: OPERATIONS RESEARCH AND DECISIONS; ISSN 2081-8858
Additional file 8 of Multivariable models for advanced colorectal neoplasms in screen-eligible individuals at low-to-moderate risk of colorectal cancer: towards improving colonoscopy prioritization
Creators: name: Murthy, Sanjay K.
name: Antonova, Lilia
name: Dube, Catherine
name: Benchimol, Eric I.
name: Le Gal, Gregoire
name: Hae, Richard
name: Burke, Stephen
name: Ramsay, Tim
name: Rostom, Alaa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 8. Table S8. Model performance at different sensitivity thresholds for CRC detection among patients aged 75 and older (CRC model only).
A one-pass heuristic for nesting problems
Creators: name: Kierkosz, Igor
name: Łuczak, Maciej
Publisher: name: Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław University of Economics, Polish Operational and Systems Research Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: cutting, packing, irregular shapes, nesting problem, one-pass algorithm

description: OPERATIONS RESEARCH AND DECISIONS; ISSN 2081-8858
Emergent gravity from the IIB matrix model and cancellation of a cosmological constant
Creators: name: Klinkhamer, F. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review a cosmological model where the metric determinant plays a dynamical role and present new numerical results on the cancellation of the vacuum energy density including the contribution of a cosmological constant. The action of this model is only invariant under restricted coordinate transformations with unit Jacobian (the same restriction appears in the well-known unimodular-gravity approach to the cosmological constant problem). As to the possible origin of the nonstandard terms in the matter action of the model, we show that these terms can, in principle, arise from the emergent gravity in the IIB matrix model, a nonperturbative formulation of superstring theory.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures, v4: published version
Location factors for budget, medium standard and luxury hotels based on the example of hotels operating in Poland
Creators: name: Puciato, Daniel
name: Oleśniewicz, Piotr
name: Gawlik, Agnieszka
name: Markiewicz-Patkowska, Julita
name: Widawski, Krzysztof
name: Słaby, Teresa
name: Kasprzak, Rafał
name: Mróz-Gorgoń, Barbara
Publisher: name: Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław University of Economics, Polish Operational and Systems Research Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: location factor, hotel, decision, Poland

description: OPERATIONS RESEARCH AND DECISIONS; ISSN 2081-8858
Linear Dependent Types and Relative Completeness
Creators: name: Lago, Ugo Dal
name: Gaboardi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.2, F.3.1

description: A system of linear dependent types for the lambda calculus with full higher-order recursion, called dlPCF, is introduced and proved sound and relatively complete. Completeness holds in a strong sense: dlPCF is not only able to precisely capture the functional behaviour of PCF programs (i.e. how the output relates to the input) but also some of their intensional properties, namely the complexity of evaluating them with Krivine's Machine. dlPCF is designed around dependent types and linear logic and is parametrized on the underlying language of index terms, which can be tuned so as to sacrifice completeness for tractability.
description: 44 pages, 1 figure
Charge order in the kagome lattice Holstein model: A hybrid Monte Carlo study
Creators: name: Bradley, Owen
name: Cohen-Stead, Benjamin
name: Johnston, Steven
name: Barros, Kipton
name: Scalettar, Richard T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Holstein model is a paradigmatic description of the electron-phonon interaction, in which electrons couple to local dispersionless phonon modes, independent of momentum. The model has been shown to host a variety of ordered ground states such as charge density wave (CDW) order and superconductivity on several geometries, including the square, honeycomb, and Lieb lattices. In this work, we study CDW formation in the Holstein model on the kagome lattice, using a recently developed hybrid Monte Carlo simulation method. We present evidence for $\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3}$ CDW order at an average electron filling of $\langle n \rangle =2/3$ per site, with an ordering wavevector at the $K$-points of the Brillouin zone. We estimate a phase transition occurring at $T_{c}\approx t/18$, where $t$ is the nearest-neighbor hopping parameter. Our simulations find no signature of CDW order at other electron fillings or ordering momenta for temperatures $T \geq t/20$.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures. v2: Minimal changes for consistency with published article
Additional file 9 of Multivariable models for advanced colorectal neoplasms in screen-eligible individuals at low-to-moderate risk of colorectal cancer: towards improving colonoscopy prioritization
Creators: name: Murthy, Sanjay K.
name: Antonova, Lilia
name: Dube, Catherine
name: Benchimol, Eric I.
name: Le Gal, Gregoire
name: Hae, Richard
name: Burke, Stephen
name: Ramsay, Tim
name: Rostom, Alaa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 9. Table S9. Model performance at different sensitivity thresholds for CRC and HRA detection among patients aged 75 and older (sequential models for CRC and residual ACNs).
Revealing the degree of magnetic frustration by non-magnetic impurities
Creators: name: Chen, C. -C.
name: Applegate, R.
name: Moritz, B.
name: Devereaux, T. P.
name: Singh, R. R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imaging the magnetic fields around a non-magnetic impurity can provide a clear benchmark for quantifying the degree of magnetic frustration. Focusing on the strongly frustrated $J_1$-$J_2$ model and the spatially anisotropic $J_{1a}$-$J_{1b}$-$J_2$ model, very distinct low energy behaviors reflect different levels of magnetic frustration. In the $J_1$-$J_2$ model, bound magnons appear trapped near the impurity in the ground state and strongly reduce the ordered moments for sites proximal to the impurity. In contrast, local moments in the $J_{1a}$-$J_{1b}$-$J_2$ model are enhanced on the impurity neighboring sites. These theoretical predictions can be probed by experiments such as nuclear magnetic resonance and scanning tunneling microscopy, and the results can elucidate the role of frustration in antiferromagnets and help narrow the possible models to understand magnetism in the iron pnictdies.
description: Original: 4 pages, 4 figures. Replaced: 8 pages, 4 figures, with updated content and references; [chosen in IOP Select]
Phonon-mediated strong coupling between a three-dimensional topological insulator and a two-dimensional antiferromagnetic material
Creators: name: To, D. Quang
name: Wu, Weipeng
name: Bhatt, Subhash
name: Liu, Yongchen
name: Janotti, Anderson
name: Zide, Joshua M. O.
name: Ku, Mark J. H.
name: Xiao, John Q.
name: Jungfleisch, M. Benjamin
name: Law, Stephanie
name: Doty, Matthew F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Van der Waals antiferromagnetic and topological insulator materials provide powerful platforms for modern optical, electronic, and spintronic devices applications. The interaction between an antiferromagnet (AFM) and a topological insulator (TI), if sufficiently strong, could offer emergent hybrid material properties that enable new functionality exceeding what is possible in any individual material constituent. In this work, we study strong coupling between THz excitations in a three dimensional (3D) topological insulator and a quasi-two dimensional (2D) antiferromagnetic material resulting in a new hybridized mode, namely a surface Dirac plasmon-phonon-magnon polariton. We find that the interaction between a surface Dirac plasmon polariton in the 3D TI and a magnon polariton in the 2D AFM is mediated by the phonon coupling in the 3D TI material. The coupling of phonons with an electromagnetic wave propagating in the 3D TI enhances the permittivity of the TI thin film in a way that results in a strong correlation between the dispersion of Dirac plasmon polaritons on the surfaces of the TI with the thickness of the TI. As a result, the dispersion of surface Dirac plasmon polaritons in the TI can be tuned toward resonance with the magnon polariton in the AFM material by varying the TI's thickness, thereby enhancing the strength of the coupling between the excitations in the two materials. The strength of this coupling, which results in the surface Dirac plasmon-phonon-magnon polariton, can be parameterized by the amplitude of the avoided-crossing splitting between the two polariton branches at the magnon resonance frequency...
Additional file 1 of Effects of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine on COVID-19 infection and hospitalisation amongst older people: matched case control study for England
Creators: name: Mason, Thomas F. D.
name: Whitston, Matt
name: Hodgson, Jack
name: Watkinson, Ruth E.
name: Lau, Yiu-Shing
name: Abdulrazeg, Omnia
name: Sutton, Matt
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1: Data sources. Appendix 2: Matching and adjustment methodology: Table A2-1 - Summary of the change in the number and COVID-19 status of people available for matching to vaccinated individuals as the monitoring period used in the evaluation is extended. Figure A2-1 - Numbers of individuals testing positive for COVID-19 post vaccination with a comparison to their match pairs as a rate per 100,000 pre and post adjustment. Appendix 3: Measuring COVID-19 related emergency hospital attendances and admissions: Table A3-1 - List of clinical codes used to identify first COVID-19 related ED attendances and hospital admissions. Figure A3-1 - Delay between specimen data for a COVID-19 positive test and the associated ED (A&E) attendance. Figure A3-2 - Counts of COVID-19 related ED (A&E) attendances and admissions by method of identification, for (a) attendances, and (b) admissions. Appendix 4: Changing composition of the study population by follow-up period: Table A4-1 - Demographic and clinical characteristics of vaccinated persons and their unvaccinated controls. Appendix 5: Comparison of vaccinated and unvaccinated controls pre-vaccination programme: Table A5-1. Adjusted odds ratios generated using a logistic regression model to predict test positivity between days 14 and 41 post vaccination event for vaccinated individuals and their pairwise controls. Figure A5-1 - Comparison of the use of hospital-based services per day for the vaccinated and the unvaccinated pairwise control group. Figure A5-2 - Comparison of the number of negative COVID-19 tests by specimen date for the vaccinated group and unvaccinated control. Appendix 6: Sensitivity of outcomes to control selection: Figure A6-1 - Percentage difference in positive COVID-19 tests, ED (A&E) attendances with COVID-19, hospital admission with COVID-19 for six matching strategies by day since first vaccine dose. Table A6-1 - Comparison of estimates of the effectiveness of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine by days since vaccination for six matching strategies. References for supporting appendices
Genetic and social risk factors for type 2 diabetes health disparities: a test of the Rose hypothesis
Creators: name: Gupta, Sonali
name: I. King Jordan
name: Ramirez, Leonardo Marino
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: The Rose hypothesis predicts that since genetic variation is greater within than between populations, genetic risk factors should be associated with individual cases but not population disparities, and since environmental exposure variation is greater between than within populations, environmental risk factors should be associated with population disparities but not individual cases.

Methods: We used a cross-sectional study of the UK Biobank to test the Rose hypothesis for type 2 diabetes (T2D) ethnic disparities in the United Kingdom (UK). Our cohort consists of 26,912 participants, enrolled 2006-2010, from Asian, Black, and White ethnic groups. We modeled T2D genetic risk using a polygenic risk score (PRS) and socioeconomic deprivation using the Townsend Index (TI), with age and sex as covariates. Within and between ethnic group variance components were estimated for genetic risk and socioeconomic deprivation.

Results: T2D prevalence differs for Asian 23.3% (OR= 5.02, CI= 4.57-5.52), Black 16.6% (OR=3.93, CI=3.54- 4.37), and White 7.1% (reference) ethnic groups in the UK. Both genetic and socio-environmental T2D risk factors show greater within (w) than between (b) ethnic group variation: PRS w=64.4%, b=35.6%; TI w=71.7%, b=28.3%. Nevertheless, genetic risk (PRS OR=1.96, CI=1.87-2.07) and socioeconomic deprivation (TI OR=1.09, CI=1.08-1.10) are associated with T2D individual risk and mediate T2D ethnic disparities (Asian PRS=22.5%, TI=9.8%; Black PRS=32%.0, TI=25.3%).

Conclusions: A relative excess of within versus between group variation does not preclude risk factors from contributing to group differences. Our results support an integrative approach to health disparities research that includes both genetic and socio-environmental risk factors.
Evaluating low impact developments (LIDs) beyond storm water management : a framework for the public health, environmental performance, and cost analysis
Creators: name: Ishaq, Sadia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Low Impact Developments (LIDs) are becoming increasingly popular for their benefits to sustainable and cost-effective stormwater management. LIDs include rain gardens, water ponds, and other nature-based infrastructures. However, both stormwater and LIDs contain microbial pathogens sourced from animal waste because these infrastructures are home to many animals and insects. The widespread use of LIDs is likely to increase human exposure to pathogens and the risk of infection, potentially leading to unexpected disease outbreaks in urban communities. The evaluation of LIDs entails the complexity of stormwater regulations, public health risks, environmental performance, and cost. Currently, an assessment of LIDs that confirms their environmental performance and ability to meet public health targets is not feasible. Therefore, an advanced decision-making framework is required to support risk-based planning of LIDs prior to their installation in urban communities. This research aims to develop an integrated decision-making framework that facilitates the evaluation of LIDs by considering their microbial risks, environmental performance, and cost. A four-step research approach was adopted to achieve this goal. First, I completed a comparative analysis of Canadian stormwater regulations and guidelines, identifying the use of LIDs in ten provinces. In the second step, I integrated Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) and predictive modeling to evaluate the public health risks during the planning phase of LIDs. In the third step, I employed the life cycle impact assessment and life cycle cost analysis and later compared the environmental performance and cost of various LIDs. Lastly, I applied Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) method to combine public health risks, environmental performance, and life cycle cost of LIDs. The findings indicate that the weightage of these criteria influences the ranking of LIDs. Wetland is the best LID in terms of public health and economic cost, whereas box planter has become a top priority in terms of environmental performance. The developed framework represents an important step toward addressing microbial risks, environmental performance, and the cost of LIDs in an integrated fashion. The proposed framework offers a unique opportunity to prioritize competing interests and guide actions that ensure well-being and sustainable development. Overall, this framework is valuable for contributing to the UN's 2030 Agenda goals, particularly SDGs 3 and 13.
Ultimate Meteorological Question from Observational Astronomers: How Good is the Cloud Cover Forecast?
Creators: name: Ye, Q. -Z.
name: Chen, S. -S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To evaluate the capability of numerical cloud forecast as a meteorological reference for astronomical observation, we compare the cloud forecast from NCEP Global Forecast System (GFS) model for total, layer and convective cloud with normalized satellite observation from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP), for the period of July 2005 to June 2008. In general, the model forecast is consistent with the ISCCP observation. For total cloud cover, our result shows the goodness of the GFS model forecast with a mean error within +/-15% in most areas. The global mean probability of < 30% forecast error (polar regions excluded) declines from 73% to 58% throughout the 180h forecast period, and is more skilled than ISCCP-based climatology forecast up to tau~120h. The comparison on layer clouds reveals a distinct negative regional tendency for low cloud forecast and a questionable positive global tendency for high cloud forecast. Fractional and binary comparisons are performed on convective cloud forecast and revealed the GFS model can only identify less than half of such cloud. In short, our result suggests that the GFS model can provide satisfactory worldwide total cloud forecast up to a week ahead for observation scheduling purpose, but layer and convective cloud forecast is less reliable than the total cloud forecast.
description: 16 pages and 11 figures, accepted by MNRAS
ITU en mujeres embarazadas: una amenaza común y peligrosa
Creators: name: Alvarez Demeza, Fanny Griselda
name: Flores Meneses, Dominga Emiliana
Publisher: name: Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla
Year: 2025
Subjects: ITU
Escherichia coli
UPEC
embarazo
resistencia a antibióticos

description: Resumen

Durante el embarazo, las mujeres sufren cambios anatómicos y hormonales significativos que debilitan su sistema inmunológico, lo que aumenta la susceptibilidad a infecciones, incluidas las infecciones del tracto urinario (ITU) [1]. A nivel mundial, las ITU representan entre el 13 % y el 33 % de los casos de bacteriuria asintomática y son la segunda patología más frecuente en mujeres embarazadas, con una incidencia estimada entre el 5 % y el 10 % durante el embarazo [2].

Escherichia coli Uropatógena (UPEC) es el principal agente causante de las ITU. Este patógeno utiliza diversos factores y estrategias de virulencia que le permiten colonizar el tracto urinario y persistir a pesar de las defensas del huésped, como las fimbrias (Tipo 1 y P), que facilitan la adhesión a las células del huésped, la invasión tisular, la formación de biopelículas y la inducción de citocinas [3, 4]. 

La exposición a antibióticos puede influir significativamente en UPEC, lo que frecuentemente conduce al desarrollo de resistencia antimicrobiana [5]. Esta resistencia puede ocasionar una mayor morbilidad, tratamientos prolongados, hospitalizaciones extendidas y una dependencia de antibióticos de amplio espectro. Las complicaciones derivadas de UPEC y su resistencia incluyen pielonefritis aguda, choque séptico materno, nacimientos prematuros, bajo peso al nacer, corioamnionitis y un aumento de la morbilidad tanto materna como neonatal [1].

El manejo adecuado de las ITU durante el embarazo se ve obstaculizado por el aumento de la resistencia a los antibióticos. Las altas tasas de tratamientos empíricos inadecuados, prescritos sin pruebas de susceptibilidad, contribuyen al desarrollo de infecciones más complejas de tratar [6]. En este contexto, estudios recientes han demostrado que la resistencia de E. coli a amoxicilina supera el 88 %, la resistencia a cefazolina es superior al 50%, y la resistencia a ciprofloxacino alcanza el 47.13 %. No obstante, la nitrofurantoína sigue siendo altamente eficaz, con una resistencia de apenas 1.40 %. Este patrón de resistencia subraya la necesidad de ajustar las terapias empíricas y realizar pruebas de susceptibilidad antes de prescribir antibióticos.

La resistencia antimicrobiana en E. coli Uropatógena constituye un desafío considerable en el tratamiento de las ITU durante el embarazo. La implementación de terapias basadas en pruebas de susceptibilidad es crucial para mitigar la morbilidad materna y neonatal [7]. Asimismo, el uso racional de los antibióticos resulta esencial para prevenir la diseminación de cepas resistentes y asegurar la eficacia de los tratamientos. Por lo tanto, la vigilancia constante y la actualización de los protocolos clínicos son esenciales para un manejo adecuado de las ITU en mujeres embarazadas.
Quantized multiplicative quiver varieties
Creators: name: Jordan, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81R50

description: Beginning with the data of a quiver Q, and its dimension vector d, we construct an algebra D_q=D_q(Mat_d(Q)), which is a flat q-deformation of the algebra of differential operators on the affine space Mat_d(Q). The algebra D_q is equivariant for an action by a product of quantum general linear groups, acting by conjugation at each vertex. We construct a quantum moment map for this action, and subsequently define the Hamiltonian reduction A^lambda_d(Q) of D_q with moment parameter λ. We show that A^λ_d(Q) is a flat formal deformation of Lusztig's quiver varieties, and their multiplicative counterparts, for all dimension vectors satisfying a flatness condition of Crawley-Boevey: indeed the product on A^λ_d(Q) yields a Fedosov quantization the of symplectic structure on multiplicative quiver varieties. As an application, we give a description of the category of representations of the spherical double affine Hecke algebra of type A_{n-1}, and its generalization constructed by Etingof, Oblomkov, and Rains, in terms of a quotient of the category of equivariant D_q-modules by a Serre sub-category of aspherical modules.
description: Re-written introduction, improvements to exposition
Additional file 2 of TFEB, SIRT1, CARM1, Beclin-1 expression and PITX2 methylation in breast cancer chemoresistance: a retrospective study
Creators: name: Bertozzi, Serena
name: Londero, Ambrogio P.
name: Viola, Luigi
name: Orsaria, Maria
name: Bulfoni, Michela
name: Marzinotto, Stefania
name: Corradetti, Bruna
name: Baccarani, Umberto
name: Cesselli, Daniela
name: Cedolini, Carla
name: Mariuzzi, Laura
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2 : Supplemental Table 1. RT-PCR primers of TFEB, CARM1, SIRT1, and GAPDH. Supplemental Table 2. Analysis of the correlation between the immunohistochemical protein expression evaluated in H-score of the four proteins analyzed. Correlations evaluated by the Spearman test. Supplemental Table 3. Analysis of the expression of the considered proteins among the various molecular subtypes where the data is present. The values reported are median and range of interquartiles (IQR) while p refers to the Wilcoxon test. Supplemental Table 4. Description of the population and tumor characteristics divided into the two groups (cases who recurred within 12 months from treatment initiation and controls who did not recur). Supplemental Table 5. Tumor staging divided into the two groups (cases who recurred within 12 months from treatment initiation and controls who did not recur). Supplemental Table 6. PITX2 (PMR) and immunoistochemical expression of TFEB, CARM1, SIRT1, and Beclin-1 divided into the two groups (cases who recurred within 12 months from treatment initiation and controls who did not recur).
Coulomb universality
Creators: name: Radzihovsky, Leo
name: Toner, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by a number of realizations of long-range interacting systems, including ultra-cold atomic and molecular gases, we study a neutral plasma with power-law interactions longer-ranged than Coulombic. We find that beyond a crossover length, such interactions are universally screened down to a standard Coulomb form in all spatial dimensions. This implies, counter-intuitively, that in two dimensions and below, such a "super-Coulombic" gas is asymptotically Coulombically confining at low temperatures. At higher temperatures, the plasma undergoes a deconfining transition that in two dimensions is the same Kosterlitz-Thouless transition that occurs in a conventional Coulomb gas, but at an elevated temperature that we calculate. We also predict that in contrast, above two dimensions, even when naively the bare potential is confining, there is no confined phase of the plasma at any nonzero temperature. In addition, the super-Coulomb to Coulomb crossover is followed at longer length scales by an unconventional "Debye-Huckel" screening, which leads to faster-than-Coulombic, power-law decay of the screened potential, in contrast to the usual exponentially decaying Yukawa potential. Furthermore, we show that power-law potentials, that fall off more rapidly than Coulomb, are screened down to a shorter-ranged power-law, rather than an exponential Debye-Huckel Yukawa form. We expect these prediction to be testable in simulations, and hope they will inspire experimental studies in various platforms.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
Efficient ammonia nitrogen removal from groundwater sources using natural Clinoptilolite: Multi-stage Series Micro-adsorption Columns
Creators: name: Tabassum, Salma
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Ammonia nitrogen pollution in aqueous media is a challenging treatment, which poses significant health concerns to humans and degrades pristine water environments due to eutrophication. Clinoptilolite shows a highly selective adsorption capacity toward in situ treatment of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) contaminated groundwater compared to other methods, as they can be easily injected, high ion exchange capacity, selectivity and compatibility with the natural environment. A Japanese natural Clinoptilolite with a particle size of 0.55 ∼ 1.30 mm filled in a Multi-stage Series Micro-adsorption Columns was adopted to treat simulated groundwater containing NH4+-N at a concentration of about 10 ppm through exchange adsorption until the adsorption reached saturation. The final effluent NH4+-N concentration reached 1 ± 0.20 L mg N/L, the treated water volume was 92.67 ± 3.00 L, and the treatment time was 32.5 h. The saturated adsorption capacity was 12.76 ± 0.25 mg-N/(g zeolite), and processing volume SV per unit time per unit volume reached 421.6 m3/m3·d. Clinoptilolite was efficiently regenerated with a saturated NaCl solution when full of adsorption. Regenerate the saturated zeolite with a neutral NaCl-saturated solution. Effluent NH4+-N concentration reached a maximum of 4966 ± 63.64 mg N/L. The regeneration recovery rate increased by more than 90% after 130 min. The saturated NaCl solution was very effective in regenerating the zeolite. The regenerant consumption was 1.875 ± 0.18 L kg NaCl/(1L zeolite), and the amount of waste brine was 1.24 ± 0.10 L (7.76 BV). Again, regenerated Clinoptilolite was used for NH4+-N removal. 193.28 ± 6.21 water was treated within 63 h. The maximum adsorption capacity and SV were 15.56 ± 0.34 mg-N/(g zeolite) and 460.19 m3/m3·d. Clinoptilolite saturated with NH4+ was again regenerated. The recovery rate increased above 90% after 150 min. About 300.4 g NaCl was used to regenerate 90 g of Clinoptilolite, and the waste brine had about 10.3 BV. There was an accumulation of NH4+-N in brine in one column after another, and the maximum level could be 6000 mg N/L. The system is efficient, safe, cost-effective, has no secondary pollution, and is highly suitable for small-scale water supply systems and engineering applications.
Constraining the bispectrum from bouncing cosmologies with Planck
Creators: name: van Tent, Bartjan
name: Delgado, Paola C. M.
name: Durrer, Ruth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bouncing models of cosmology, as they arise e.g. in loop quantum cosmology, can be followed by an inflationary phase and generate close-to-scale-invariant fluctuation spectra as observed in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). However, they are typically not Gaussian and also generate a bispectrum. These models can help to mitigate the large-scale anomalies of the CMB by considering substantial non-Gaussianities on very large scales, which decay exponentially on sub-horizon scales. It was therefore thought that this non-Gaussianity would not be visible in observations, which can only probe sub-horizon scales. In this letter we show that bouncing models with parameters such that they can significantly mitigate the large-scale anomalies of the CMB are excluded by the Planck data with high significance of, depending on the specific model, $5.4$, $6.4$ or $14$ standard deviations.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Nonlinear PDEs for gap probabilities in random matrices and KP theory
Creators: name: Adler, M.
name: Cafasso, M.
name: van Moerbeke, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Airy and Pearcey-like kernels and generalizations arising in random matrix theory are expressed as double integrals of ratios of exponentials, possibly multiplied with a rational function. In this work it is shown that such kernels are intimately related to wave functions for polynomial (Gel'fand-Dickey reductions) or rational reductions of the KP-hierarchy; their Fredholm determinant also satisfies linear PDEs (Virasoro constraints), yielding, in a systematic way, non-linear PDEs for the Fredholm determinant of such kernels. Examples include Fredholm determinants giving the gap probability of some infinite-dimensional diffusions, like the Airy process, with or without outliers, and the Pearcey process, with or without inliers.
description: Minor revision: accepted for publication on Physica D
title: A Year Beyond Boundaries: DataCite’s 2023 Recap
Creators: name: Buys, Matt
Publisher: name: DataCite
Year: 2023

description: The journey of a year is like a tapestry, woven with threads of growth, innovation, and community. As we bid farewell to 2023, join us in unraveling some important reflections and accomplishments.

Growing Together in Community
Our community is experiencing robust growth, marked by growth in member repositories and a remarkable increase in DOI registrations. We are nearing the end of the year with over 3,000 repositories, over 57 million DOIs, and tens of millions of resolutions every month. These numbers signify broader adoption of best practices within DataCite. Beyond statistical metrics, our community is a global nexus, facilitating connections between researchers and institutions on a scale that transcends geographical boundaries. The enhancements to our metadata infrastructure mean that every integration point shared within our community contributes to a more intricately woven, interconnected narrative of knowledge.
Additional file 1 of Performance of quantitative measures of multimorbidity: a population-based retrospective analysis
Creators: name: Vela, Emili
name: Clèries, Montse
name: Monterde, David
name: Carot-Sans, Gerard
name: Coca, Marc
name: Valero-Bover, Damià
name: Piera-Jiménez, Jordi
name: García Eroles, Luís
name: Pérez Sust, Pol
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary methods (algorithm description) and supplementary results (Tables S1-S19 and Figures S1-S5).
Hilbert series and higher-order Lagrangians for the $O(N)$ model
Creators: name: Bijnens, Johan
name: Gudnason, Sven Bjarke
name: Yu, Jiahui
name: Zhang, Tiantian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the Hilbert series approach with explicit constructions of higher-order Lagrangians for the $O(N)$ nonlinear sigma model. We use the Hilbert series to find the number and type of operators up to mass dimension 16, for spacetime dimension $D$ up to 12 and $N$ up to 12, and further classify the operators into spacetime parity and parity of the internal symmetry group $O(N)$. The explicit construction of operators is done up to mass dimension 12 for both parities even and dimension 10 for the other three cases. The results of the two methods are in full agreement. This provides evidence for the Hilbert series conjecture regarding co-closed but not co-exact $k$-forms, which takes into account the integration-by-parts relations.
description: LaTeX: 26+32 pages, 17 tables; V2: published version
Random Topologies and the emergence of cooperation: the role of short-cuts
Creators: name: Vilone, Daniele
name: Sánchez, Angel
name: Gómez-Gardeñes, Jesús
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study in detail the role of short-cuts in promoting the emergence of cooperation in a network of agents playing the Prisoner's Dilemma Game (PDG). We introduce a model whose topology interpolates between the one-dimensional euclidean lattice (a ring) and the complete graph by changing the value of one parameter (the probability p to add a link between two nodes not already connected in the euclidean configuration). We show that there is a region of values of p in which cooperation is largely enhanced, whilst for smaller values of p only a few cooperators are present in the final state, and for p \rightarrow 1- cooperation is totally suppressed. We present analytical arguments that provide a very plausible interpretation of the simulation results, thus unveiling the mechanism by which short-cuts contribute to promote (or suppress) cooperation.
Localized Gradual Photomediated Brightness and Lifetime Increase of Superacid Treated Monolayer MoS$_2$
Creators: name: Tyson, Kurt H.
name: Godfrey, James R.
name: Fraser, James M.
name: Knobel, Robert G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monolayer semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (S-TMDs) have been extensively studied as materials for next-generation optoelectronic devices due to their direct band gap and high exciton binding energy at room temperature. Under a superacid treatment of bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (TFSI), sulfur-based TMDs such as MoS$_2$ can emit strong photoluminescence (PL) with photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) approaching unity. However, the magnitude of PL enhancement varies by more than two orders of magnitude in published reports. A major culprit behind the discrepancy is sulfur-based TMD's sensitivity to above band-gap photostimulation. Here, we present a detailed study of how TFSI-treated MoS$_2$ reacts to photostimulation with increasing PL occurring hours after constant or pulsed laser exposure. The PL of TFSI-treated MoS$_2$ is enhanced up to 74 times its initial intensity after 5 hours of continuous exposure to 532nm laser light. Photostimulation also enhances the PL of untreated MoS$_2$ but with a much smaller enhancement. Caution should be taken when probing MoS$_2$ PL spectra as above-bandgap light can alter the resulting intensity and peak wavelength of the emission over time. The presence of air is verified to play a key role in the photostimulated enhancement effect. Additionally, the rise of PL intensity is mirrored by an increase in measured carrier lifetime of up to ~400ps consistent with the suppression of non-radiative pathways. This work demonstrates why variations in PL intensity are observed across samples and provides an understanding of the changes in carrier lifetimes to better engineer next-generation optoelectronic devices.
description: Main document: 15 pages, 4 figures. Supplemental document: 12 pages, 7 figures
Spontaneous symmetry breaking in non-steady modes of open quantum many-body systems
Creators: name: Haga, Taiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a quantum many-body system coupled to the environment, its steady state can exhibit spontaneous symmetry breaking when a control parameter exceeds a critical value. In this study, we consider spontaneous symmetry breaking in non-steady modes of an open quantum many-body system. Assuming that the time evolution of the density matrix of the system is described by a Markovian master equation, the dynamics of the system is fully characterized by the eigenmodes and spectrum of the corresponding time evolution superoperator. Among the non-steady eigenmodes with finite lifetimes, we focus on the eigenmodes with the highest frequency, which we call the most coherent mode. For a dissipative spin model, it is shown that the most coherent mode exhibits a transition from a disordered phase to a symmetry-broken ordered phase, even if the steady state does not show singular behavior. We further argue that the phase transition of the most coherent mode induces a qualitative change in the decoherence dynamics of highly entangled states, i.e., the Schrödinger's cat states.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
New valid inequalities for knapsack and fixed-charge problems
Creators: name: Souli, Georgia
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2021

description: A wide variety of important problems, in Operational Research and other fields, can be modelled as optimisation problems with integer-constrained variables. Algorithms and software for integer programming have improved substantially. One of the key ingredients to this success is the use of strong valid linear inequalities, also known as cutting planes. A key concept is that the convex hull of feasible solutions forms a polyhedron. One strand of the literature on cutting planes is concerned with the knapsack polytope. In the 1970s, Balas and Wolsey derived a family of inequalities, called lifted cover inequalities (LCIs), for the knapsack polytope. We have taken a lifting procedure due to Balas, and shown that it can be substantially improved, so that it yields stronger and more general LCIs. In 2000, Carr and co-authors introduced another family of valid inequalities for the knapsack polytope. These inequalities, called knapsack cover inequalities, can be rather weak. We have used two lifting procedures to strengthen these inequalities. The first procedure is based on integer rounding, whereas the second uses superadditivity. Another important class of optimisation problems are those that involve fixed charges. In 1985, Padberg, Van Roy and Wolsey introduced a procedure which enables one to take known valid inequalities for the knapsack polytope, and convert them into valid inequalities for the fixed-charge polytope. We have shown how this procedure can be extended to obtain a wider family of inequalities for the fixed-charge and single-node flow polytopes. Finally, we have considered problems where a fixed charge is incurred if and only if at least one variable in a set takes a positive value. We have derived strong valid inequalities for these problems and shown that they generalise and dominate a subclass of the flow cover inequalities for the classical fixed-charge problem.