cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MaViLS, a Benchmark Dataset for Video-to-Slide Alignment, Assessing Baseline Accuracy with a Multimodal Alignment Algorithm Leveraging Speech, OCR, and Visual Features
Creators: name: Anderer, Katharina
name: Reich, Andreas
name: Wölfel, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents a benchmark dataset for aligning lecture videos with corresponding slides and introduces a novel multimodal algorithm leveraging features from speech, text, and images. It achieves an average accuracy of 0.82 in comparison to SIFT (0.56) while being approximately 11 times faster. Using dynamic programming the algorithm tries to determine the optimal slide sequence. The results show that penalizing slide transitions increases accuracy. Features obtained via optical character recognition (OCR) contribute the most to a high matching accuracy, followed by image features. The findings highlight that audio transcripts alone provide valuable information for alignment and are beneficial if OCR data is lacking. Variations in matching accuracy across different lectures highlight the challenges associated with video quality and lecture style. The novel multimodal algorithm demonstrates robustness to some of these challenges, underscoring the potential of the approach.
Measurements of neutral vector resonance in Higgsless models at the LHC
Creators: name: Asano, Masaki
name: Shimizu, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Higgsless models, new vector resonances appear to restore the unitarity of the W_L W_L scattering amplitude without the Higgs boson. In the ideal delocalized three site Higgsless model, one of large prodcution cross section of the neutral vector resonance (Z') at the Large Hadron Collider is the W-associated production, pp \to Z'W \to WWW. Although the dileptonic decay channnel, lνl'ν'jj, is experimentally clean to search for the Z' signals, it is difficult to reconstruct the Z' invariant mass due to the two neutrinos in the final state. We study collider signatures of Z' using the M_{T2}-Assisted On-Shell (MAOS) reconstruction of the missing neutrino momenta. We show the prospect of the Z' mass determination in the channel, lνl'ν'jj, at the Large Hadron Collider.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables; v2: references added, minor corrections, version published in JHEP
Optimizing photocatalysts and photoreactors for solar fuel synthesis
Creators: name: Kant, Paul Philipp
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023
Subjects: Künstliche Fotosynthese
Solare Kraftstoffe
Fotoreaktionstechnik
Fotoreaktor
Fotokatalysator
Artificial photosynthesis
solar fuels
photoreaction engineering
photoreactor
photocatalyst

description: The work represents a toolbox for the design of a highly efficient photocatalytic process for solar-driven synthesis. The focus is the optimization of photoreactors and photocatalysts. The described photoreactor design strategy is based on numerical methods mapping radiation transport and additive manufacturing delivering prototypes. The photocatalyst engineering is based on suitable photocatalyst support strategies and a method for the determination of the quantum yield in photoreactions.
[Porträt des Eduard Wölfflin]
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1844
Subjects: Porträtfotografie
Wölfflin, Eduard1831-1908Ed...Wölfflin

description: Hüftbild des 13-jährigen Eduard Wölfflin an einem Tisch sitzend, den Ellbogen auf den Tisch gelegt und die rechte Hand den Kopf stützend
description: Unbekannte/r Fotograf/in
description: Diverse handschriftliche Notizen auf der Rückseite, z.T. Überklebt: "[...] 1844 im May, Eduard Wölfflin 13 J. alt Basel"
description: Starke Oxidierung an den Rändern der Daguerreotypie
Oberst Benedict Vischer-Preiswerk : geb. 22. Juni 1779 gest. 16. Dezember 1857
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1850
Subjects: Porträtfotografie
Vischer, Benedikt1779-1856BenedicktVischer

description: Hüftbild des sitzenden Benedikt Vischer,den linken Arm auf einen Tisch abgestützt
description: Auf der Rückseite mit diversen, zum Teil unleserlichen handschriftlichen Notizen versehen
description: Titel gemäss handschriftlicher Notiz
description: Unbekannte/r Fotograf/in
Gaussian queues in light and heavy traffic
Creators: name: Debicki, Krzysztof
name: Kosinski, Kamil Marcin
name: Mandjes, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G15, 60F17 (Primary) 60K25 (Secondary)

description: In this paper we investigate Gaussian queues in the light-traffic and in the heavy-traffic regime. The setting considered is that of a centered Gaussian process $X\equiv\{X(t):t\in\mathbb R\}$ with stationary increments and variance function $σ^2_X(\cdot)$, equipped with a deterministic drift $c>0$, reflected at 0: \[Q_X^{(c)}(t)=\sup_{-\infty
[Porträt des Martin Burckhardt (1817-1902]
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1850
Subjects: Porträtfotografie
Burckhardt-His, Martin1817-1902MartinBurckhardt

description: Brustbild des Martin Burckhardt nach links
description: Unbekannte/r Fotograf/in
description: Handschriftlicher Vermerk am unteren rechten Rand der Rückseite der Daguerreotypi: "Wilhelm His 1850". Es handelt sich dabei wohl um den Vorbesitzer der Daguerreotypie
UV-Completion by Classicalization
Creators: name: Dvali, Gia
name: Giudice, Gian F.
name: Gomez, Cesar
name: Kehagias, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a novel approach to UV-completion of a class of non-renormalizable theories, according to which the high-energy scattering amplitudes get unitarized by production of extended classical objects (classicalons), playing a role analogous to black holes, in the case of non-gravitational theories. The key property of classicalization is the existence of a classicalizer field that couples to energy-momentum sources. Such localized sources are excited in high-energy scattering processes and lead to the formation of classicalons. Two kinds of natural classicalizers are Nambu-Goldstone bosons (or, equivalently, longitudinal polarizations of massive gauge fields) and scalars coupled to energy-momentum type sources. Classicalization has interesting phenomenological applications for the UV-completion of the Standard Model both with or without the Higgs. In the Higgless Standard Model the high-energy scattering amplitudes of longitudinal $W$-bosons self-unitarize via classicalization, without the help of any new weakly-coupled physics. Alternatively, in the presence of a Higgs boson, classicalization could explain the stabilization of the hierarchy. In both scenarios the high-energy scatterings are dominated by the formation of classicalons, which subsequently decay into many particle states. The experimental signatures at the LHC are quite distinctive, with sharp differences in the two cases.
description: 37 pages
Wilhelm His und Karl Wieland
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1850
Subjects: Porträtfotografie
Wieland, Karl Dietrich1830-1894
His, Wilhelm1831-1904WilheimHis

description: Gruppenporträt des Karl Wieland zusammen mit Wilhelm His während ihres Studiums in Berlin
description: Unbekannte/r Fotograf/in
description: Titel und Datum gemäss handschriftlicher Notiz auf der Rückseite der Daguerreotypie
Quark mixing in the discrete dark matter model
Creators: name: Toorop, Reinier de Adelhart
name: Bazzocchi, Federica
name: Morisi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a model in which dark matter is stable as it is charged under a Z2 symmetry that is residual after an A4 flavour symmetry is broken. We consider the possibility to generate the quark masses by charging the quarks appropriately under A4. We find that it is possible to generate the CKM mixing matrix by an interplay of renormalisable and dimension-six operators. In this set-up, we predict the third neutrino mixing angle to be large and the dark matter relic density to be in the correct range. However, low energy observables - in particular meson-antimeson oscillations - strongly limit the available parameter space.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures; version 3 as appeared in Nuclear Physics B
[Porträt der Elisabeth Vischer]
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1850
Subjects: Porträtfotografie
His-Vischer, Elisabeth1836-1924

description: Brustbild nach halbrechts der Elisabeth Vischer, geborene His
description: Die Daguerreotypie wurde von einem Gemälde aufgenommen
description: Unbekannte/r Künstler/in
description: Unbekannte/r Fotograf/in
description: Daguerreotypie in einer ovalen Kartusche eingelassen
description: Handschriftliche Notiz auf der Rückseite der Kartusche: "Elsabeth Vischer - geb. His geb. 1836"
GRMHD in axisymmetric dynamical spacetimes: the X-ECHO code
Creators: name: Bucciantini, N.
name: Del Zanna, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new numerical code, X-ECHO, for general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD) in dynamical spacetimes. This is aimed at studying astrophysical situations where strong gravity and magnetic fields are both supposed to play an important role, such as for the evolution of magnetized neutron stars or for the gravitational collapse of the magnetized rotating cores of massive stars, which is the astrophysical scenario believed to eventually lead to (long) GRB events. The code is based on the extension of the Eulerian conservative high-order (ECHO) scheme [Del Zanna et al., A&A 473, 11 (2007)] for GRMHD, here coupled to a novel solver for the Einstein equations in the extended conformally flat condition (XCFC). We fully exploit the 3+1 Eulerian formalism, so that all the equations are written in terms of familiar 3D vectors and tensors alone, we adopt spherical coordinates for the conformal background metric, and we consider axisymmetric spacetimes and fluid configurations. The GRMHD conservation laws are solved by means of shock-capturing methods within a finite-difference discretization, whereas, on the same numerical grid, the Einstein elliptic equations are treated by resorting to spherical harmonics decomposition and solved, for each harmonic, by inverting band diagonal matrices. As a side product, we build and make available to the community a code to produce GRMHD axisymmetric equilibria for polytropic relativistic stars in the presence of differential rotation and a purely toroidal magnetic field. This uses the same XCFC metric solver of the main code and has been named XNS. Both XNS and the full X-ECHO codes are validated through several tests of astrophysical interest.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Rudolf Ludwig Maring : Architekt
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1850
Subjects: Porträtfotografie
Maring, Rudolf Ludwig1820-1893LudwigMaring

description: Porträt des Architekten Rudolf Maring nach halbrechts im Armstuhl sitzend
description: Unbekannte/r Fotograf/in
description: Titel gemäss handschrfitlicher Notiz auf der Rückseite der Daguerreotypie
[Porträt des Wilhelm His]
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1850
Subjects: Porträtfotografie
His, Wilhelm1831-1904WilheimHis

description: Fast halbfigur nach Rechts des Basler Mediziners Wilhelm His
description: Unbekannte/r Fotograf/in
description: Handschriftliche Notiz auf der Rückseite der Daguerreotypie: "Wilhelm His 1831-1904"
Tensor triangular geometry of non-commutative motives
Creators: name: Dell'Ambrogio, Ivo
name: Tabuada, Goncalo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D20, 18E30, 19D50, 19D55

description: In this article we initiate the study of the tensor triangular geometry of the categories Mot(k)_a and Mot(k)_l of non-commutative motives (over a base ring k). Since the full computation of the spectrum of Mot(k)_a and Mot(k)_l seems completely out of reach, we provide some information about the spectrum of certain subcategories. More precisely, we show that when k is a finite field (or its algebraic closure) the spectrum of the monogenic cores Core(k)_a and Core(k)_l (i.e. the thick triangulated subcategories generated by the tensor unit) is closely related to the Zariski spectrum of the integers. Moreover, we prove that if we slightly enlarge Core(k)_a to contain the non-commutative motive associated to the ring of polynomials k[t], and assume that k is a field of characteristic zero, then the corresponding spectrum is richer than the Zariski spectrum of the integers.
description: 26 pages. Revised and final version. To appear in Advances in Mathematics
Et si le ‘Sud’ développait le ‘Nord’? : déconstruire l’occidentalocentrisme au sein de la communauté franco-québécoise blanche à Montréal via la danse contemporaine héritière des sources africaines
Creators: name: Guilbert-Savary, Chloé
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other
Danse contemporaine africaine
occidentalo-centrisme
Développement
Québec
whiteness
white gaze
rehumanizing
postcolonial theory
unthinking development
théorie postcoloniale
regard blanc
écoute radicale de l'Autre

description: Cette thèse s’intéresse à la question : en quoi l’apprentissage de la danse contemporaine héritière des sources africaines contribue-t-il à la déconstruction de l’occidentalocentrisme au sein de la communauté franco-québécoise blanche à Montréal ? Il sera démontré que cet apprentissage vient à offrir la possibilité à la communauté franco-québécoise blanche de retourner le regard critique vers elle-même afin d’observer sa propre acculturation occidentalocentrique et afin d’observer comment elle perpétue la violence de la blanchité. Ancré dans un cadre critique de justice postcoloniale, l'apprentissage de la danse contemporaine héritière des sources africaines peut contribuer à délier la hiérarchisation entre un occident associé à « l'humanité » et « l'Autre » associé à une humanité en fonction de sa proximité avec l'occident. L'apprentissage de la danse contemporaine héritière des sources africaines invoque une déhiérarchisation des catégories de « modernité/primitivité » et cultive une restitution des pluralités face à une colonialité qui continue à hégémoniser les épistémologies, les ontologies et les esthétiques. Ce faisant, l’enseignement de la danse contemporaine héritière des sources africaines au Québec est un exemple de cas qui déstabilise les paradigmes néo-coloniaux du ‘développement’ dans lesquels le ‘Nord’, associé à la ‘modernité’, est agent de développement, alors que le ‘Sud’ est récipiendaire du développement. Les implications plus larges de cette étude ont trait aux questions d’engagement dans une solidarité réhumanisante qui déconstruit la colonialité; aux questions de coexistence sociale dans la pluralité culturelle; ainsi qu'à l'éthique orientant les relations qu'on entretient avec « l'Autre ».
A materials informatics approach to modeling structure-property relationship in woven fabric composites
Creators: name: Olfatbakhsh, Tina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Multiscale properties of fabric-reinforced composites are commonly modeled via numerical and experimental methods, which are often highly time-consuming and complex. In this thesis, a materials informatics-based approach has been developed, and applied through two case studies, to link the micro/meso-level features of woven fabric composites to their effective Young’s moduli. In the first (experimental) case study, the microstructures of a set of glass fiber-reinforced polymer samples were imaged using micro-computed tomography, with the property of interest being the elastic modulus obtained from tensile tests. The data-driven framework included establishing a reduced-order quantification of microstructure using two-point spatial correlations and three different principal component analysis techniques. Next, various regression models were implemented and compared to predict the material microstructure-property (modulus) relationship via the captured images. Partial Least Squares was overall the best performing model, which contained components that are well correlated with woven fabrics' geometrical attributes while providing an agreeable prediction of Young's modulus at different fiber orientations and different fiber volume fractions. In the second (numerical) case study, the selected best model from the first study was applied to a simulation-based dataset. Namely, the 3D geometry of three-layer composite laminates was modeled using TexGen software. The tensile property of the laminate, on the other hand, was simulated using Abaqus finite element analysis suite. Two-point spatial correlations in 3D and Partial Least Squares were applied to link the meso-level geometry of the structure to the mechanical property. Similar to the first study, despite the limited number of samples, the data-driven model led to predictions with highly interpretable components and excellent accuracy for different ply orientations, regardless of apparent uncertainties such as waviness, yarn cross-section and width variations. The findings appear to be a promising step forward for the potential use of materials informatics for smart design and optimization of woven fabric composites in prominent industries, including aerospace and transportation.
Development of Detection Techniques Based on Surface Chemistry
Creators: name: Hao, Xingkai
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: biosensor
surface modification
surface nonfouling
rolling circle amplification
dendrimer
aptamer
target detection

description: Rapid and high-sensitivity detections of biological analytes are critically important to ensure timely diagnosis of disease and effective monitoring of public health. Although various new biosensing platforms have been established as alternatives to conventional laboratory methods, most of these biosensing platforms suffer from insufficient sensitivities that severely limit their wide applications. To improve the detection sensitivities of these biosensors, surface modifications based on poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers and rolling circle amplification (RCA) have been proven to be effective methods. In this thesis, surface modification strategies based on PAMAM dendrimers and RCA have been applied on three biosensing platforms, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensor chip, and affinity membrane, to improve their detection sensitivities. For the ELISA platform, glass-bottom and poly(styrene) 96-well plates are surface modified by dendrimer-aptamer conjugates to improve detection performances of human platelet-derived growth factor-BB using ELISA. The results show that the ELISA performed using the modified 96-well plates presents a much broader linear detection range and a significantly lower limit of detection (LOD) than conventional ELISA plates. For the LSPR platform, the dendrimer and aptamer modification strategy is employed to surface modify LSPR sensor chips for sensitive detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and an RCA-AuNPs complex is developed to amplify the detection signals. The results show that the modified chip can sensitively detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus with a LOD of 148 vp/mL, suggesting that the modified LSPR chip and signal amplification method can be used for early diagnosis of Covid-19. For the affinity membrane platform, nylon membranes with dendrimer and dual-RCA surface modifications are developed to detect Escherichia coli O157:H7 in food samples. The surface-modified membranes significantly reduce the detection time of the target bacteria to two hours instead of several days using traditional bacterial detection methods. In addition, the new membranes achieve higher sample throughputs (around 4-5 mL/s) with a lower LOD (10 cells/ 250 mL) in processing real-world food samples compared to other similar detection platforms. The excellent properties of our surface modification approaches may provide further advantages when employed in other platforms, such as target separation and enrichment, antifouling and antibacterial, and drug delivery applications.
Axions and high-energy cosmic rays: Can the relic axion density be measured?
Creators: name: Espriu, D.
name: Mescia, F.
name: Renau, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous work we investigated the propagation of fast moving charged particles in a spatially constant but slowly time dependent pseudoscalar background, such as the one provided by cold relic axions. The background induces cosmic rays to radiate in the low-energy spectrum. While the energy loss caused by this mechanism on the primary cosmic rays is negligible, we investigate the hypothetical detection of the photons radiated and how they could provide an indirect way of verifying the cosmological relevance of axions. Assuming that the cosmic ray flux is of the form J(E)~ E^-g we find that the energy radiated follows a distribution k^-((g-1)/2) for proton primaries, identical to the Galaxy synchrotron radiation that is the main background, and k^-(g/2) for electron primaries, which in spite of this sharper decay provide the dominant contribution in the low-energy spectrum. We discuss possible ways to detect this small diffuse contribution. Local detection in the vicinity of powerful cosmic rays emitters might also be possible.
description: plot improved with background and comments added
Additional file 1 of Transcriptomic analysis reveals candidate genes regulating development and host interactions of Colletotrichum fructicola
Creators: name: Liang, Xiaofei
name: Shang, Shengping
name: Dong, Qiuyue
name: Wang, Bo
name: Zhang, Rong
name: Gleason, Mark
name: Sun, Guangyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Bioinformatic command lines used in this study. Table S2. qRT-PCR primers used in this study. Table S3. Summary statistics of the reads mapping outcomes for individual RNA-Seq libraries. Figure S1. Steps of identifying differentially expressed genes. Figure S2. Saturation analysis of HTSeq reads count dataset. Figure S3. Defining the criterion for filtering lowly expressed genes. Figure S4. Density plot showing the effect of gene filtering on the distribution of relative CPM errors for the CIH (top) and IL (bottom) conditions. Figure S5. Identification of differentially expressed genes. Figure S6. CPM distribution patterns of identified DEGs. Figure S7. Differentially expressed secondary metabolite (SM) synthetase genes and a SM gene cluster showing in planta-specific expression. Figure S8. Differentially expressed CAZY genes and secreted proteases. Figure S9. Hypoxia and oxidative stress-responsive genes are up-regulated in conidia. Figure S10. Protein domain organization and gene expression patterns of putative CFEM proteins. (PDF 1307Â kb)
D8.2 Exploitation plan and innovation management report
Creators: name: Trochidis, Ilias
name: Vontas, Apostolos
name: Schlee, Winfried
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The UNITI exploitation plan sets up the environment for the successful exploitation and sustainability of UNITI outputs. The main aim is to bring the UNITI innovative results and outputs to key stakeholders and to successfully transfer the UNITI know-how and technologies.
Multistability of free spontaneously-curved anisotropic strips
Creators: name: Giomi, L.
name: Mahadevan, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multistable structures are objects with more than one stable conformation, exemplified by the simple switch. Continuum versions are often elastic composite plates or shells, such as the common measuring tape or the slap bracelet, both of which exhibit two stable configurations: rolled and unrolled. Here we consider the energy landscape of a general class of multistable anisotropic strips with spontaneous Gaussian curvature. We show that while strips with non-zero Gaussian curvature can be bistable, strips with positive spontaneous curvature are always bistable, independent of the elastic moduli, strips of spontaneous negative curvature are bistable only in the presence of spontaneous twist and when certain conditions on the relative stiffness of the strip in tension and shear are satisfied. Furthermore, anisotropic strips can become tristable when their bending rigidity is small. Our study complements and extends the theory of multistability in anisotropic shells and suggests new design criteria for these structures.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
The Changing Dynamics of Agricultural Land Use in Kenya: Legal responses to address the threat of food insecurity from land fragmentation
Creators: name: Kangethe, Angella Wairimu
Publisher: name: ASAP
Year: 2024
Subjects: Land use change
Agriculture
Land fragmentation
Land leasing
Contract agriculture

description: Land fragmentation is a critical issue in Kenya, posing a major threat to food security in the country. This study investigates the impact of land fragmentation on food security, with a focus on changes in agricultural land use. Using a mixed-methods approach that uses qualitative and quantitative data from desktop research, the findings reveal that land fragmentation leads to a rapid decline in arable land without the corresponding technologies to improve productivity. Cultural practices, shifting agricultural habits, and changing demographics drive land fragmentation, resulting in reduced agricultural productivity, limited credit access, and higher transaction costs, all of which adversely affect food security in Kenya. The study also emphasizes the significance of land tenure security, particularly for smallholder farmers who own fragmented land. Insecure land tenure hinders investment, credit access, and long-term agricultural planning. The paper concludes by recommending policy interventions such as land consolidation programs, leasing and collective farming, as well as property tax to address the issue of land fragmentation and enhance food security.
Electronic structure of BaNi$_2$As$_2$
Creators: name: Zhou, Bo
name: Xu, Min
name: Zhang, Yan
name: Xu, Gang
name: He, Cheng
name: Yang, L. X.
name: Chen, Fei
name: Xie, B. P.
name: Cui, Xiao-Yu
name: Arita, Masashi
name: Shimada, Kenya
name: Namatame, Hirofumi
name: Taniguchi, Masaki
name: Dai, X.
name: Feng, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: BaNi$_2$As$_2$, with a first order phase transition around 131 K, is studied by the angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The measured electronic structure is compared to the local density approximation calculations, revealing similar large electronlike bands around $\bar{M}$ and differences along $\barΓ$-$\bar{X}$. We further show that the electronic structure of BaNi$_2$As$_2$ is distinct from that of the sibling iron pnictides. Particularly, there is no signature of band folding, indicating no collinear SDW related magnetic ordering. Moreover, across the strong first order phase transition, the band shift exhibits a hysteresis, which is directly related to the significant lattice distortion in BaNi$_2$As$_2$.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
The Changing Dynamics of Agricultural Land Use in Kenya: Legal responses to address the threat of food insecurity from land fragmentation
Creators: name: Kangethe, Angella Wairimu
Publisher: name: ASAP
Year: 2023
Subjects: Land use change
Agriculture
Land fragmentation
Land leasing
Contract agriculture

description: Land fragmentation is a critical issue in Kenya, posing a major threat to food security in the country. This study investigates the impact of land fragmentation on food security, with a focus on changes in agricultural land use. Using a mixed-methods approach that uses qualitative and quantitative data from desktop research, the findings reveal that land fragmentation leads to a rapid decline in arable land without the corresponding technologies to improve productivity. Cultural practices, shifting agricultural habits, and changing demographics drive land fragmentation, resulting in reduced agricultural productivity, limited credit access, and higher transaction costs, all of which adversely affect food security in Kenya. The study also emphasizes the significance of land tenure security, particularly for smallholder farmers who own fragmented land. Insecure land tenure hinders investment, credit access, and long-term agricultural planning. The paper concludes by recommending policy interventions such as land consolidation programs, leasing and collective farming, as well as property tax to address the issue of land fragmentation and enhance food security.
Senticaudata Bhoi & Tarafdar & Patro 2023
Creators: name: Bhoi, Gitanjali
name: Tarafdar, Lipika
name: Patro, Shesdev
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera

description: Suborder: Senticaudata Lowry and Myers, 2013  Infraorder: Talitrida Rafinesque, 1815
description: Published as part of Bhoi, Gitanjali, Tarafdar, Lipika & Patro, Shesdev, 2023, A new species of amphipod of the genus Demaorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2022 (Senticaudata, Talitridae) from Chilika Lagoon, east coast of India, pp. 216-224 in Zootaxa 5383 (2) on page 217, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5383.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/10350867
Correlated stability conjecture revisited
Creators: name: Buchel, A.
name: Pagnutti, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlated stability conjecture (CSC) proposed by Gubser and Mitra [1,2] linked the thermodynamic and classical (in)stabilities of black branes. The classical instabilities, whenever occurring, were conjectured to arise as Gregory-Laflamme (GL) instabilities of translationally invariant horizons. In [3] it was shown that the thermodynamic instabilities, specifically the negative specific heat, indeed result in the instabilities in the hydrodynamic spectrum of holographically dual plasma excitations. A counter-example of CSC was presented in the context of black branes with scalar hair undergoing a second-order phase transition [4]. In this paper we discuss a related counter-example of CSC conjecture, where a thermodynamically stable translationally invariant horizon has a genuine tachyonic instability. We study the spectrum of quasinormal excitations of a black brane undergoing a continuous phase transition, and explicitly identify the instability. We compute the critical exponents of the critical momenta and the frequency of the unstable fluctuations and identify the dynamical critical exponent of the model.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures; v2: PLB version
Gap opening in graphene by simple periodic inhomogeneous strain
Creators: name: Naumov, I. I.
name: Bratkovsky, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using ab-initio methods, we show that the uniform deformation either leaves graphene (semi)metallic or opens up a small gap yet only beyond the mechanical breaking point of the graphene, contrary to claims in the literature based on tight-binding (TB) calculations. It is possible, however, to open up a global gap by a sine-like one-dimensional inhomogeneous deformation applied along any direction but the armchair one, with the largest gap for the corrugation along the zigzag direction (~0.5 eV) without any electrostatic gating. The gap opening has a threshold character with very sharp rise when the ratio of the amplitude A and the period of the sine wave deformation lambda exceeds (A/lambda)_c ~0.1 and the inversion symmetry is preserved, while it is threshold-less when the symmetry is broken, in contrast with TB-derived pseudo-magnetic field models.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures; (v2) added figures illustrating opening gap in Graphene mesh on BN, expanded analysis illustrating absence of pseudo-magnetic fields in deformed Graphene
Featured Speakers
Creators: name: Chao, Elaine L.
name: Marshall, Charles N.
name: Finnerty, Peter J.
name: Chao, Elaine L.
name: Marshall, Charles N.
name: Finnerty, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Public Economics

description: 31st Transportation Research Forum meeting, Oct. 11-13, 1989, Williamsburg, VA
Strong longitudinal color field effects in pp collisions at energies available at the Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Pop, V. Topor
name: Gyulassy, M.
name: Barrette, J.
name: Gale, C.
name: Warburton, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of strong longitudinal color fields (SCF) in p+p reactions up to Large Hadron Collider energies in the framework of the HIJING/BBbar v2.0 model that combines (collinear factorized) pQCD multiple minijet production with soft longitudinal string excitation and hadronization. The default vacuum string tension, kappa0 = 1 GeV/fm, is replaced by an effective power law energy dependent string tension, that increases monotonically with center-of-mass energy. The exponent 0.06 is found sufficient to reproduce well the energy dependence of multiparticle observables in RHIC, Tevatron, as well as recent LHC data. This exponent is found to be only half of that predicted by the Color Glass Saturation model, lambda(CGC)=0.115, where gluon fusion multiparticle production mechanisms are assumed. In HIJING/BBbar v2.0, the rapid growth of central-rapidity density with energy is due to the interplay of copious minijet production and increasing SCF contributions. The large (strange)baryon-to-meson ratios measured at Tevatron energies are well described. A significant enhancement of these ratios is predicted up to the highest LHC energy (14 TeV). The effect of JJbar loops and SCF on baryon-anti-baryon asymmetry and its relation to baryon number transport is also discussed.
description: revtex4.1, 11 pages, 11 figures, updated references, slightly text modifications, accepted for publication in Phys. ReV. C (2011)
Heterodox theory of the firm and sustainability – Concept and application in teaching
Creators: name: Rabaa, Simon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: The thesis gives an overview of different discussions on economic education and develops possible pathways to improve it by better integrating sustainability issues with the help of heterodox economics in the economic syllabus. The main idea is developed from recognising that for a sustainable survival of humankind, a sustainable economy is needed and that for a change from the current state to a more sustainable economy, education is one of the key drivers. After recalling major shortcomings of current mainstream economics, the specific incompatibility of mainstream economic education for understanding the pressing challenges of sustainability issues is explained. The work shows with the example of firm behaviour how heterodox economic theories together with findings from business economics instead of neoclassic mainstream theory can not only improve the validity of economic models but also enhance the understanding of the role of firms for sustainable development and the understanding of sustainability as a guiding criterion for firm behaviour. It is demonstrated how new, modern and openminded economics can constitute a scientific framework for profoundly understanding the situation of impacts driven by economic activity on environment, society and economy. According to the previous findings, a more sustainable economy can only be achieved by an improved scientific framework for the necessary preliminary understanding of the situation and an appropriate economic education that enables the future generations of economic actors such as managers, journalists, and government officials to make informed, normative decisions towards sustainable economic development. In this spirit, a concrete example of a microeconomic teaching concept for firm theory is sketched as an outlook on how an economic education that incorporates sustainability issues with the help of heterodox economic theories and a change in the economic syllabus in general might be looking. The thesis is a groundwork for a change in economic education and the deliberately chosen conceptual nature and the innovative heterodox approach leaves a great demand for following elaborations of the ideas as well as analyses of existing barriers to change.
The effects of essential and non-essential amino acids on post-exercise anabolic signaling and transcriptional regulators of the intramuscular extracellular matrix in young males : a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Stevenson, Jordan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Skeletal muscle is composed of myofibers surrounded by an extracellular matrix (ECM) primarily containing collagen. Essential amino acid (EAA) consumption is known to increase post-exercise myofiber anabolism, but it is unknown if post-exercise ECM remodeling is nutrient-sensitive. Seventeen males (21.1±3.3 years) completed combined plyometric and resistance exercise and received biopsies of the vastus lateralis collected before, 2 and 4 hours post-exercise to assess the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway activation and transcriptional regulators of ECM turnover. Blood was also drawn from an antecubital vein to measure plasma amino acid concentrations prior to and following supplement consumption and resistance exercise. Immediately after exercise, participants consumed 15g of either a carbohydrate placebo, EAA, or a vitamin C enriched collagen peptide (enriched in non-essential amino acids) supplement; each participant completed two of the three randomized conditions. EAA supplementation increased plasma amino acid concentrations of EAAs and leucine (p ≤ 0.001), whereas collagen peptide supplementation increased concentrations of non-essential amino acids (NEAA), glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline (p ≤ 0.018), there was no effect of carbohydrate consumption on plasma amino acid concentrations. rpS6Ser235/236 and rpS6Ser240/244 phosphorylation following EAA supplementation resulted in a larger and more prolonged anabolic signaling response, at 2 and 4 hours post-exercise, respectively, compared to the collagen peptide and placebo conditions (p ≤ 0.036). Anabolic signaling increased in the collagen peptide and placebo conditions similarly post-exercise. There was no effect of exercise or nutrition on mRNA expression of ECM regulators; however, a main effect of time for connected tissue growth factor (CTGF) demonstrated an increased expression from 0 to 2 hours (p = 0.014). These findings suggest that mTOR pathway activation is upregulated post-exercise and further increased with EAA supplementation, while the acute transcriptional ECM regulators are independent of exercise and plasma amino acid availability in the hours following exercise. Further analysis will directly measure the effects of post-exercise nutrition on myofibrillar and skeletal muscle ECM protein synthesis.
title: The Nature of Talk and Communication in Primary Process Drama
Creators: name: Lee, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2023

description: Research into talk and learning in the primary years has focused mainly on reasoning in mathematics and science and far less on creative learning contexts, such as process drama. Moreover, despite the predominance of talk within process drama, scant attention has been paid to the nature of this talk. The current study examines this gap in understanding about teacher and pupil talk in primary process drama. 

The participants were two primary school teachers, who frequently used process drama in their practice, and with their two classes of pupils aged nine to eleven. The data were collected and analysed within a constructionist, interpretivist, case-study methodology. Talk within process drama was explored through audio and visual recordings of process drama lessons and analysed through thematic coding and multimodal analysis. Secondary data was explored through teacher and pupil interviews.

Findings indicate three types of talk were prevalent in primary process drama, questioning, co-constructed narratives, and empathetic talk. Talk was not shaped or guaranteed by the drama conventions, but it was influenced by the nature of teacher questioning or whether pupils were invited to pose questions. Additionally, the status of teacher-in-role (TiR) played a pivotal role in determining whether teacher and pupil talk was dialogic or monologic in nature. Creative, co-constructed narratives were associated with an equal-status TiR, and a high-status TiR was associated with monologic talk. By contrast, when teachers adopted low-status TiR, they used monologic talk, which in this instance was productive, eliciting empathetic responses. It is argued that process drama creates a dialogic space in which creative interthinking is possible.

These findings raise questions about the need to examine the nature of talk in other empathetic or creative contexts, and when using diverse drama conventions. They also underline the importance of process drama, for talk, thinking and learning.
Coset Graphs in Bulk and Boundary Logarithmic Minimal Models
Creators: name: Pearce, Paul A.
name: Rasmussen, Jorgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The logarithmic minimal models are not rational but, in the W-extended picture, they resemble rational conformal field theories. We argue that the W-projective representations are fundamental building blocks in both the boundary and bulk description of these theories. In the boundary theory, each W-projective representation arising from fundamental fusion is associated with a boundary condition. Multiplication in the associated Grothendieck ring leads to a Verlinde-like formula involving A-type twisted affine graphs A^{(2)}_{p} and their coset graphs A^{(2)}_{p,p'}=A^{(2)}_{p} x A^{(2)}_{p'}/Z_2. This provides compact formulas for the conformal partition functions with W-projective boundary conditions. On the torus, we propose modular invariant partition functions as sesquilinear forms in W-projective and rational minimal characters and observe that they are encoded by the same coset fusion graphs.
description: 33 pages, v2: comments and references added, v3: minor corrections
How complex viscoelastic behaviors within a viscoelastic three-layer structure affect the measurement accuracy of ultrasound viscoelastic creep imaging
Creators: name: Lin, Che-Yu
name: Chen, Wei-Chun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The purpose of this study is to use finite element computational simulation to investigate the accuracy of ultrasound viscoelastic creep imaging for evaluating the viscoelastic properties of a heterogeneous viscoelastic three-layer structure. The findings suggest that, in general, viscoelastic creep imaging cannot accurately evaluate the viscoelastic properties of each layer of the viscoelastic three-layer structure. Inaccuracy in the evaluation is due to deviation or distortion of the creep curve of each element within the viscoelastic three-layer structure, resulting from the interaction between complicated viscoelastic behaviors of each layer within the viscoelastic three-layer structure.
INNOVATIVE TEACHING METHODS: MERGING DATA ANALYSIS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION
Creators: name: Abdug'afforova, Nozima
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article explores pioneering teaching methods that converge data analysis and Information Technology (IT) in the context of English language instruction. The synthesis of these methodologies promises to revolutionize the field by offering personalized feedback and efficient progress monitoring for language learners. Drawing insights from literature in language pedagogy, technology integration, and assessment practices, this article elucidates the symbiotic relationship between data analysis, IT, and instructional strategies.
Viscosity solutions of systems of PDEs with interconnected obstacles and Multi modes switching problems
Creators: name: Hamadène, Said
name: Morlais, Marie-Amélie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 60G40, 62P20, 91B99, 91B28, 35B37, 49L25

description: This paper deals with existence and uniqueness, in viscosity sense, of a solution for a system of m variational partial differential inequalities with inter-connected obstacles. A particular case of this system is the deterministic version of the Verification Theorem of the Markovian optimal m-states switching problem. The switching cost functions are arbitrary. This problem is connected with the valuation of a power plant in the energy market. The main tool is the notion of systems of reflected BSDEs with oblique reflection.
description: 36 pages