cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum tetrachotomous states: Superposition of four coherent states on a line in phase space
Creators: name: Shukla, Namrata
name: Akhtar, Naeem
name: Sanders, Barry C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The well studied quantum optical Schrödinger cat state is a superposition of two distinguishable states, with quantum coherence between these macroscopically distinguishable states being of foundational and, in the context of quantum-information processing, practical use. We refer to these quantum-optical cat states as quantum dichotomous states, reflecting that the state is a superposition of two options, and we introduce the term quantum multichotomous state to refer to a superposition of multiple macroscopically distinguishable options. For a single degree of freedom, such as position, we construct the quantum multichotomous states as a superposition of Gaussian states on the position line in phase space. Using this nomenclature, a quantum tetrachotomous state (QTS) is a coherent superposition of four macroscopically distinguishable states. We define, analyze and show how to create such states, and our focus on the QTS is due to their exhibition of much richer phenomena than for the quantum dichotomous states with lessons to going to general multichotomous states with the quantum comb state as a limiting case. Our characterization of the QTS involves the Wigner function, its marginal distributions, and the photon-number distribution, and we discuss the QTS's approximate realization in a multiple coupled-well system.
description: 14+ pages, 12 figures
Decoherence of Macroscopic Closed Systems within Newtonian Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Kay, Bernard S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory recently proposed by the author aims to explain decoherence and the thermodynamical behaviour of closed systems within a conservative, unitary, framework for quantum gravity by assuming that the operators tied to the gravitational degrees of freedom are unobservable and equating physical entropy with matter-gravity entanglement entropy. Here we obtain preliminary results on the extent of decoherence this theory predicts. We treat first a static state which, if one were to ignore quantum gravitational effects, would be a quantum superposition of two spatially displaced states of a single classically well describable ball of uniform mass density in empty space. Estimating the quantum gravitational effects on this system within a simple Newtonian approximation, we obtain formulae which predict e.g. that as long as the mass of the ball is considerably larger than the Planck mass, such a would-be-coherent static superposition will actually be decohered whenever the separation of the centres of mass of the two ball-states excedes a small fraction (which decreases as the mass of the ball increases) of the ball radius. We then obtain a formula for the quantum gravitational correction to the would-be-pure density matrix of a non-relativistic many-body Schroedinger wave function and argue that this formula predicts decoherence between configurations which differ (at least) in the "relocation" of a cluster of particles of Planck mass. We estimate the entropy of some simple model closed systems, finding a tendency for it to increase with "matter-clumping" suggestive of a link with existing phenomenological discussions of cosmological entropy increase.
description: 11 pages, plain TeX, no figures. Accepted for publication as a "Letter to the Editor" in "Classical and Quantum Gravity"
MOESM3 of Colour-ring wear and loss effects in citizen science mark-resighting studies
Creators: name: Allen, Andrew
name: Ens, Bruno
name: Pol, Martijn
name: Jeugd, Henk
name: Frauendorf, Magali
name: Henk-Jan Kolk
name: Oosterbeek, Kees
name: Nienhuis, Jeroen
name: Jongejans, Eelke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Extended Acknowledgements.
Entropy, von Neumann and the von Neumann entropy
Creators: name: Petz, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is an introduction to the von Neumann entropy in a historic approach. Von Neumann's gedanken experiment is repeated, which led him to the formula of thermodynamic entropy of a statistical operator. In the analysis of his ideas we stress the role of superselection sectors and summarize von Neumann's knowledge about quantum mechanical entropy. The final part of the paper is devoted to important developments discovered long after von Neumann's work. Subadditivity and the interpretation of the von Neumann entropy as channel capacity are among those.
description: 10 pages, LATEX file
Phase Diagrams of S=3/2, 2 XXZ Spin Chains with Bond-Alternation
Creators: name: Kitazawa, Atsuhiro
name: Nomura, Kiyohide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase diagram of S=3/2 and S=2 bond-alternating spin chains numerically. In previous papers, the phase diagram of S=1 XXZ spin chain with bond-alternation was shown to reflect the hidden $Z_{2}\times Z_{2}$ symmetry. But for the higher S Heisenberg spin chain, the successive dimerization transition occurs, and for anisotropic spin chains the phase structure will be more colorful than the S=1 case. Using recently developed methods, we show directly that the phase structure of the anisotropic spin chains relates to the $Z_{2}\times Z_{2}$ symmetry.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures(eps), RevTex
Turanogryllus eous Bey-Bienko 1956
Creators: name: Yang, C.
name: Wei, Z. - D.
name: Liu, T.
name: Liu, H. - Y.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Gryllidae
Turanogryllus
Turanogryllus eous

description: Turanogryllus eous Bey-Bienko, 1956
 Turanogryllus eous Bey-Bienko, 1956: 221.
 Turanogryllus melasinotus Li & Zheng, 1998: 119; syn. n.
 DISTRIBUTION. China (Shaanxi, Hunan, Shandong, Guangxi); Korea (Gu et al., 2018).
 NOTES. This species was firstly recorded from Yang County by Lu et al. (2018). The type specimen of Turanogryllus melasinotus Li et Zheng, 1998 from Yang County is conspecific with T. eous Bey-Bienko, 1956 described from Qingdao (Shandong province). Therefore a new synonymy is established here.
description: Published as part of Yang, C., Wei, Z. - D., Liu, T. & Liu, H. - Y., 2019, Crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) of the Yang County, Shaanxi province of China, pp. 15-22 in Far Eastern Entomologist 376 on page 18, DOI: 10.25221/fee.376.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7165104
title: Neufassung des Besonderen Teils der Prüfungsordnung für den neuen konsekutiven Masterstudiengang „Pharmaverfahrenstechnik" an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, Fakultät für Maschinenbau und Fakultät für Lebenswissenschaften
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig. Fakultät 2
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Prüfungsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1421
Data-driven Voltage Regulation in Radial Power Distribution Systems
Creators: name: Xu, Hanchen
name: Domínguez-García, Alejandro D.
name: Veeravalli, Venugopal V.
name: Sauer, Peter W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we develop a data-driven voltage regulation framework for distributed energy resources (DERs) in a balanced radial power distribution system. The objective is to determine optimal DER power injections that minimize the voltage deviations from a desirable voltage range without knowing a complete power distribution system model a priori. The nonlinear relationship between the voltage magnitudes and the power injections in the power distribution system is approximated by a linear model, the parameters of which---referred to as the voltage sensitivities---can be computed directly using information on the topology and the line parameters. Assuming the knowledge of feasible topology configurations and distribution line resistance-to-reactance ratios, the true topology configuration and corresponding line parameters can be estimated effectively using a few sets of measurements on voltage magnitudes and power injections. Using the estimated voltage sensitivities, the optimal DER power injections can be readily determined by solving a convex optimization problem. The proposed framework is intrinsically adaptive to changes in system conditions such as unknown topology reconfiguration due to its data-driven nature. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed framework is validated via numerical simulations on the IEEE 123-bus distribution test feeder.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1711.04159
Munir's scatter plotter theory  of relationship
Creators: name: Munir Moosa Sadruddin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Munir's scatter plotter theory of relationship
scatter plotter theory
theory of relationship
model of relationship

description: Munir's scatter plotter theory is founded on the idea of dots that are influenced by aims, affiliation, expectations, and objectives. These dots represent humans in different situations. The distance or closeness between the dots is based on human affiliation- actual or fabricated. According to this theory, "Relationships are not inherently complex, but they can be portrayed as such. In actuality, the human mind is an enigma, with its workings and innermost thoughts known only to the possessor. The unpredictable nature of the mind ensures that its intricacies cannot be fully comprehended by any outside entity, thus making the relationship appears complex. When we form attachments or seek connection with someone (whether intentionally or unintentionally), we often aim to convey closeness. This can involve various actions to build trust and confidence. The intersection of these attachments may happen gradually or rapidly, when (1) we are genuine (2) we feel overly protective, or (3) we expect something from another person (legal or illicit)- the last two cases are toxic. In difficult times, these attachments may be jeopardized due to a lack of trust, fear of expectations, toxic possessiveness, or the attainment of one's desires. This detachment may be permanent or temporary. In relationships, there may be instances where false connections are formed for personal gain. These relationships gradually fade or end abruptly. We often pursue affiliations in our relationships, creating a complex web of connections. At times, we may obscure or hide the true intentions of others, which can have a negative impact and prevent growth and progress. This toxic behavior can deter individuals from exploring beyond their established boundaries.
Revealing the Hidden Heavy Fermi Liquid in CaRuO3
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Nair, Hari P.
name: Ruf, Jacob P.
name: Schlom, Darrell G.
name: Shen, Kyle M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The perovskite ruthenate has attracted considerable interest due to reports of possible non-Fermi-liquid behavior and its proximity to a magnetic quantum critical point, yet its ground state and electronic structure remain enigmatic. Here we report the first measurements of the Fermi surface and quasiparticle dispersion in CaRuO3 through a combination of oxide molecular beam epitaxy and in situ angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Our results reveal a complex and anisotropic Fermi surface consisting of small electron pockets and straight segments, consistent with the bulk orthorhombic crystal structure with large octahedral rotations. We observe a strongly band-dependent mass renormalization, with prominent heavy quasiparticle bands which lie close to the Fermi energy and exhibit strong temperature dependence. These results are consistent with a heavy Fermi liquid with a complex Fermiology and small hybridization gaps near the Fermi energy. Our results provide a unified framework for explaining previous experimental results on CaRuO3, such as its unusual optical conductivity, and demonstrate the importance of octahedral rotations in determining the quasiparticle band structure, and electron correlations in complex transition metal oxides.
description: 4 figures
Stationary structures in two-dimensional continuous Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin system
Creators: name: Pritula, G. M.
name: Vekslerchik, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stationary structures in a classical isotropic two-dimensional continuous Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin system are studied in the framework of the (2+1)-dimensional Landau-Lifshitz model. It is established that in the case of \vec S (\vec r, t)= \vec S (\vec r - \vec v t) the Landau-Lifshitz equation is closely related to the Ablowitz-Ladik hierarchy. This relation is used to obtain soliton structures, which are shown to be caused by joint action of nonlinearity and spatial dispersion, contrary to the well-known one-dimensional solitons which exist due to competition of nonlinearity and temporal dispersion. We also present elliptical quasiperiodic stationary solutions of the stationary (2+1)-dimensional Landau-Lifshitz equation.
description: Archive version is already official Published by JNMP at http://www.sm.luth.se/math/JNMP/
Additional file 1 of A stepwise-targeting strategy for the treatment of cerebral ischemic stroke
Creators: name: Hu, Jingbo
name: Tan, Xueying
name: Wang, Dongwei
name: Li, Yixuan
name: Liang, Hongze
name: Peng, Jiejun
name: Li, Fengyan
name: Zhou, Quan
name: Geng, Peiwu
name: Wang, Shuanghu
name: Yu, Yue
name: Liu, Jin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Additional figures and table.
What is the Homogeneity of our Universe Telling Us?
Creators: name: Trodden, Mark
name: Vachaspati, Tanmay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The universe we observe is homogeneous on super-horizon scales, leading to the ``cosmic homogeneity problem''. Inflation alleviates this problem but cannot solve it within the realm of conservative extrapolations of classical physics. A probabilistic solution of the problem is possible but is subject to interpretational difficulties. A genuine deterministic solution of the homogeneity problem requires radical departures from known physics.
description: 6 pages. Awarded Honorable Mention in the 1999 Gravity Research Foundation Essay Competition
Additional file 3: of Low back pain precedes the development of new knee pain in the elderly population; a novel predictive score from a longitudinal cohort study
Creators: name: Hiromu Ito
name: Shinjiro Tominari
name: Tabara, Yasuharu
name: Nakayama, Takeo
name: Moritoshi Furu
name: Tomotoshi Kawata
name: Azukizawa, Masayuki
name: Setoh, Kazuya
name: Kawaguchi, Takahisa
name: Matsuda, Fumihiko
name: Matsuda, Shuichi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Table S1. Distribution of score of this population (DOCX 18 kb)
BPS Black Holes in Gauged N=4, D=4 Supergravity
Creators: name: Klemm, Dietmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find solutions of the bosonic sector of gauged N=4, D=4 SU(2) $\times$ SU(2) supergravity, which represent dilaton black holes with toroidal or spherical event horizons. The axion is consistently truncated, and the gauge group is broken to U(1) $\times$ U(1). The spherical black holes carry two electric and two magnetic abelian charges, whereas the toroidal holes have vanishing magnetic charges. The spacetime metrics are warped products, and the manifolds turn out to be globally hyperbolic, in contrast to standard gauged supergravity ground states. It is shown that in the toroidal case, there are solutions preserving one quarter or one half of the supersymmetries, while for spherical topologies all supersymmetries are broken. In general, the toroidal BPS states represent naked singularities, but there is also a supersymmetric black hole with vanishing Hawking temperature. The 1/2 supersymmetric case arises for vanishing charges and mass, and represents the known domain wall solution of the Freedman-Schwarz model. It provides the background in which the black holes live. Finally, we use Chamseddine's and Volkov's Kaluza-Klein interpretation of gauged N=4, D=4 SU(2) $\times$ SU(2) supergravity to lift our solutions to ten and eleven dimensions and to consider them as solutions to the leading order equations of motion of the string-/M-theory effective action.
description: 19 pages, RevTeX, no figures, minor errors corrected, 2 references added, final version to appear in Nucl. Phys. B
Integer Quantum Hall Transition and Random SU(N) Rotation
Creators: name: Boldyrev, S.
name: Gurarie, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reduce the problem of integer quantum Hall transition to a random rotation of an N-dimensional vector by an su(N) algebra, where only N specially selected generators of the algebra are nonzero. The group-theoretical structure revealed in this way allows us to obtain a new series of conservation laws for the equation describing the electron density evolution in the lowest Landau level. The resulting formalism is particularly well suited to numerical simulations, allowing us to obtain the critical exponent νnumerically in a very simple way. We also suggest that if the number of nonzero generators is much less than N, the same model, in a certain intermediate time interval, describes percolating properties of a random incompressible steady two-dimensional flow. In other words, quantum Hall transition in a very smooth random potential inherits certain properties of percolation.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Dual Roles of Soils on Landfill Leachate Treatment and Their Soils Carbon Sequestration
Creators: name: Orrathai Chueawong
name: Paiboon Prabuddham
name: Onanong Phewnil
Publisher: name: Thai Society of Higher Education Institutes on Environment
Year: 2019
Subjects: Landfill Leachate Treatment
Carbon Sequestration
Soil Organic Carbon Transformation

description: EnvironmentAsia, 12, 3, 23-31
Pluripotential kahler-ricci flows
Creators: name: Guedj, Vincent
name: Lu, Hoang Chinh
name: Zeriahi, Ahmed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop a parabolic pluripotential theory on compact K{ä}hler manifolds, defining and studying weak solutions to degenerate parabolic complex Monge-Amp{è}re equations. We provide a parabolic analogue of the celebrated Bedford-Taylor theory and apply it to the study of the K{ä}hler-Ricci flow on varieties with log terminal singularities.
Sheafifiable homotopy model categories
Creators: name: Beke, Tibor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18F10, 18G55

description: If a Quillen model category can be specified using a certain logical syntax (intuitively, ``is algebraic/combinatorial enough''), so that it can be defined in any category of sheaves, then the satisfaction of Quillen's axioms over any site is a purely formal consequence of their being satisfied over the category of sets. Such data give rise to a functor from the category of topoi and geometric morphisms to Quillen model categories and Quillen adjunctions.
description: 30 pages
Additional file of Successful education for AEC professionals: case study of applying immersive game-like virtual reality interfaces
Creators: name: Rahimian, Farzad Pour
name: Arciszewski, Tomasz
name: Goulding, Jack Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file of Successful education for AEC professionals: case study of applying immersive game-like virtual reality interfaces
Asymptotic analysis of the Gunn effect with realistic boundary conditions
Creators: name: Bonilla, L. L.
name: Cantalapiedra, I. R.
name: Gomila, G.
name: Rubi, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general asymptotic analysis of the Gunn effect in n-GaAs under general boundary conditions for metal-semiconductor contacts is presented. Depending on the parameter values in the boundary condition of the injecting contact, different types of waves mediate the Gunn effect. The periodic current oscillation typical of the Gunn effect may be caused by moving charge-monopole accumulation or depletion layers, or by low or high-field charge-dipole solitary waves. A new instability caused by multiple shedding of (low field) dipole waves is found. In all cases the shape of the current oscillation is described in detail: we show the direct relationship between its major features (maxima, minima, plateau's, ...) and several critical currents (which depend on the values of the contact parameters). Our results open the possibility of measuring contact parameters from the analysis of the shape of the current oscillation.
description: 11 pages, 7 Post-Script figures
Additional file 6: of Targeted sequencing of circulating cell-free DNA in stage II-III resectable oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients
Creators: name: Meng, Pei
name: Wei, Jiacong
name: Geng, Yiqun
name: Chen, Shaobin
name: Terpstra, Miente
name: Huang, Qiongyi
name: Zhang, Qian
name: Su, Zuoqing
name: Yu, Wanchun
name: Su, Min
name: Kok, Klaas
name: van den Berg, Anke
name: Gu, Jiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Background sequencing errors. Background mutant reads for each of 37 somatic SNVs (X-axes) are indicated by their absolute read number (panel A) and by their allele frequency (Panel B). Background variants are defined as the non-reference-specific and non-tumour-specific nucleotide at the position of the SNVs. The nucleotide variant with the highest read count is shown (in red) to illustrate the mismatch error rate at the positions mutated in primary tumour samples. All background variants (shown in red) were filtered out by our custom filter criteria and all variants listed as true cfDNA mutations had read counts well above these background levels (blue squares). (PDF 1561 kb)
Space-times which are asymptotic to certain Friedman-Robertson-Walker space-times at timelike infinity
Creators: name: Shiromizu, Tetsuya
name: Gen, Uchida
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define space-times which are asymptotic to radiation dominant Friedman-Robertson-Walker space-times at timelike infinity and study the asymptotic structure. We discuss the local asymptotic symmetry and give a definition of the total energy from the electric part of the Weyl tensor.
description: 8 pages, Revtex
Symmetry Breaking with a Slant: Topological Defects after an Inhomogeneous Quench
Creators: name: Dziarmaga, Jacek
name: Laguna, Pablo
name: Zurek, Wojciech H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, in second-order phase transformations induced by an inhomogeneous quench, the density of topological defects is drastically suppressed as the velocity with which the quench propagates becomes smaller than the speed at which the front of the broken symmetry phase spreads. The velocity of the broken symmetry phase front is approximately given by the ratio of the healing length to relaxation time at freeze-out, that is at the instant when the critical slowing down results in a transition from the adiabatic to the impulse behavior in the order parameter. Experimental implications are briefly discussed.
description: 5 pages, Latex, 2 figures, final version with minor changes
A prototype apparatus for very long baseline atom interferometry
Creators: name: Tell, Dorothee
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: atom interferometry
subject: matter-wave lenses
subject: Bragg atom optics
subject: Atominterferometrie
subject: Materiewellenlinsen
subject: Bragg-Atomoptik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: The sensitivity of interferometers based on freely falling atoms depends on the time atoms spend in the interferometer, i. e. the interrogation time. In a terrestrial experiment, this time is limited by the available free fall baseline. The Very Long Baseline Atom Interferometry (VLBAI) facility in Hannover tackles this by employing a 10.5m long vacuum tube, allowing for a total interferometry time of 2.55 s for atoms launched from its bottom source chamber. One of the most prominent applications of light pulse atom interferometers are measurements of accelerations. Next to the available free fall time, many other factors influence and limit the accessible sensitivity of the atom interferometer to measure the desired inertial effects. Therefore, accurate engineering of the atom source and interferometry setup are necessary to make use of the device’s long baseline. This work aims to describe the setup and initial commissioning of this source, presenting a system ready for operation in the VLBAI apparatus. A Bose-Einstein condensate of rubidium is created in an all-optical sequence using an optical dipole trap, targeting large atom numbers and short cycle times. The focus of this work will be on two key experiments conducted with the cold atoms: The characterization of Bragg atom optics processes required to perform atom interferometry and a method to reduce the expansion velocity of a cold rubidium ensemble in three dimensions in order to allow for a high contrast even after long free fall times. The Bragg beam splitter experiments are performed as proof-of-principle measurements on a short baseline. A detailed analysis of experimental and simulated parameters allows us to use this as a basis for Bragg interferometry compatible with the requirements of the VLBAI facility. In order to realise a reduction of expansion velocity in a trapped matter-wave lens, the parameter space for 3D time-averaged optical dipole traps is explored, leading to an improved quantitative understanding. The method is used to reduce the 3D temperature of a cold rubidium ensemble by more than a factor of two while losing less atoms than an equivalent evaporative cooling sequence. The challenges of time-averaged optical dipole traps especially in three dimensions are discussed in detail and alternative approaches to achieve effective sub-nanokelvin temperatures useful for atom interferometry are discussed.
Factors Associated with Early Initiation of Breastfeeding Among mothers with Children Aged of less than six month
Creators: name: Ahmed, Omar Mohamed
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Factors Associated
Early Initiation
Breastfeeding Among
mothers with Children
Aged of less than six month

description: Abstract 

Introduction: early initiation of breastfeeding is one important intervention to prevent childhood morbidities and mortalities, despite the benefits and efforts to promote breastfeeding, early initiation of breastfeeding is sub optimally practiced in many developing countries.

Objectives: aimed to assess early initiation of breastfeeding and associated factors among mothers with children aged of less than six months in Attending Benadir Hospital, Somalia Methodology: Institutional based cross sectional study design, A total of 383 All mothers of infant less than six months of age visited pediatric, maternal department especially (mothers with new-born or child had a postnatal checkup, child immunization and under five medical consultations after delivery) at benadir hospital, Somalia was selected.

Results: the prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding was found to be 208(75%) Significant factors (p < 0.05) associated with early initiation of breastfeeding included the mother's age (p- value = 0.045), being a housewife (unemployed) (p-value = 0.000), institutional delivery (p- value = 0.038), Normal deliveries (p-value = 0.026), attending antenatal care (p-value = 0.008) at a public hospital or maternal and child Health (facility (p-value = 0.040), having information on early initiation of breastfeeding (p-value = 0.000) at healthcare center as a source of early initiation of breastfeeding information (p-value = 0.000) and formula milk (p-value = 0.000) Mothers who did not prefer to give formula milk before breastfeeding were less likely to practice in early initiation of breastfeeding. However, no significant associations (p < 0.05) were found between early initiation of breastfeeding and several other variables, including mother’s educational level, marital status, parity, home delivery, and assistance during birth.

Conclusion and Recommendation: Conclusion and Recommendation: The prevalence of timely initiation of breastfeeding was good. Several factors affect early initiation of breastfeeding; to increase early initiation of breastfeeding rates and improve overall breastfeeding outcomes, strengthening early initiation of breastfeeding through provision of access to health service e.g., antenatal care services, postnatal care, educating mothers through behavior change communication counselling and strengthening health professionals’ knowledge, and skills on breastfeeding counseling were recommended.
Commutative Toeplitz algebras and Gelfand theory
Creators: name: Rodriguez Rodriguez, Miguel Angel
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Toeplitz operators
subject: Banach algebras
subject: Toeplitz algebras
subject: Gelfand theory
subject: Toeplitz-Operatoren
subject: Toeplitz-Algebren
subject: Banach-Algebren
subject: Gelfand-Theorie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften

description: In this thesis we construct and study commutative Banach and C*-algebras generated by Toeplitz operators on several function spaces. We begin by introducing Banach algebras generated by Toeplitz operators with quasi-radial and (II)-pseudo-homogeneous symbols (also called generalized pseudo-homogeneous symbols) acting on the weighted Bergman space over the unit ball of Cn. We characterize their maximal ideal space and Gelfand transform. As an application we study the spectral invariance and semi-simplicity of these algebras, and we provide an explicit description of their radical. Subsequently, we present non-trivial examples of these results. Afterwards, we carry over this construction to the Hardy space over the unit sphere of Cn and the Fock space with infinitely many variables defined over a separable Hilbert space H. In both cases we introduce analogous Banach algebras generated by Toeplitz operators with quasi-radial and (II)-pseudo-homogeneous symbols and characterize their maximal ideal space and Gelfand transform. Moreover, we study C*-algebras generated by Toeplitz operators acting on the Fock space on Cn whose symbols are invariant under the action by translations of Lagrangian subgroups of Cn. We apply methods from Quantum Harmonic Analy- sis to deduce the existence and commutativity of these algebras and subsequently we describe their maximal ideal space and Gelfand transform. Finally, we develop a framework on the Fock space with infinitely many variables to perform Quantum Harmonic Analysis on it. We characterize the space of Berezin transforms of trace-class operators and establish an L1 − T1 version of the Correspondence Theorem inspired by the works of R. Fulsche and R. Werner.
On the location of the ring around the dwarf planet Haumea
Creators: name: Winter1, O. C.
name: Borderes-Motta1, G.
name: Ribeiro, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently discovered ring around the dwarf planet (136108) Haumea is located near the 1:3 resonance between the orbital motion of the ring particles and the spin of Haumea. In the current work is studied the dynamics of individual particles in the region where is located the ring. Using the Poincaré Surface of Section technique, the islands of stability associated with the 1:3 resonance are identified and studied. Along all its existence this resonance showed to be doubled, producing pairs of periodic and quasi-periodic orbits. The fact of being doubled introduces a separatrix, which generates a chaotic layer that significantly reduces the size of the stable regions of the 1:3 resonance. The results also show that there is a minimum equivalent eccentricity ($e_{1:3}$) for the existence of such resonance. This value seems to be too high to keep a particle within the borders of the ring. On the other hand, the Poincaré Surface of Sections show the existence of much larger stable regions, but associated with a family of first kind periodic orbits. They exist with equivalent eccentricity values lower than $e_{1:3}$, and covering a large radial distance, which encompasses the region of the Haumea's ring. Therefore, this analysis suggests the Haumea's ring is in a stable region associated with a first kind periodic orbit instead of the 1:3 resonance.
Spin chains and combinatorics: twisted boundary conditions
Creators: name: Razumov, A. V.
name: Stroganov, Yu. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The finite XXZ Heisenberg spin chain with twisted boundary conditions was considered. For the case of even number of sites $N$, anisotropy parameter -1/2 and twisting angle $2 π/3$ the Hamiltonian of the system possesses an eigenvalue $-3N/2$. The explicit form of the corresponding eigenvector was found for $N \le 12$. Conjecturing that this vector is the ground state of the system we made and verified several conjectures related to the norm of the ground state vector, its component with maximal absolute value and some correlation functions, which have combinatorial nature. In particular, the squared norm of the ground state vector is probably coincides with the number of half-turn symmetric alternating sign $N \times N$ matrices.
description: LaTeX file, 7 pages
Decoupling and melting in a layered superconductor
Creators: name: Wilkin, N. K.
name: Jensen, Henrik Jeldtoft
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results for a 3D simulation of a layered superconductor. There are two significant temperatures. The first corresponds to melting of the vortex lattice in the a-b plane (T_ab) and the second to decoupling of the layers (T_dc) with T_ab \le T_ dc. The decoupling is found to be a first order transition with an associated entropy of ~0.25-0.4 k_B/pancake. The melting has no obvious thermodynamic signature, and could be a crossover. The width of the intermediate regime T_ab
description: 4 pages, RevTeX. 3 Figures included. Paper available with complete figures at http://th.ph.bham.ac.uk/nkw/res/sup.ps
Essential Normality - a Unified Approach in Terms of Local Decompositions
Creators: name: Wang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we define the asymptotic stable division property for submodules of the Bergman module. We show that under a mild condition, a submodule with the asymptotic stable division property is p-essentially normal for all p>n. A new technique is developed to show that certain submodules have the asymptotic stable division property. This leads to a unified proof of most known results on essential normality of submodules as well as new results. In particular, we show that an ideal defines a p-essentially normal submodule of the Bergman module, for all p>n, if its associated primary ideals are powers of prime ideals whose zero loci satisfy standard regularity conditions near the sphere.
description: 41 pages
Mitigation of Cosmic Ray Effect on Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detector Arrays
Creators: name: Karatsu, K.
name: Endo, A.
name: Bueno, J.
name: de Visser, P. J.
name: Barends, R.
name: Thoen, D. J.
name: Murugesan, V.
name: Tomita, N.
name: Baselmans, J. J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For space observatories, the glitches caused by high energy phonons created by the interaction of cosmic ray particles with the detector substrate lead to dead time during observation. Mitigating the impact of cosmic rays is therefore an important requirement for detectors to be used in future space missions. In order to investigate possible solutions, we carry out a systematic study by testing four large arrays of Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs), each consisting of $\sim$960 pixels and fabricated on monolithic 55 mm $\times$ 55 mm $\times$ 0.35 mm Si substrates. We compare the response to cosmic ray interactions in our laboratory for different detector arrays: A standard array with only the MKID array as reference; an array with a low $T_c$ superconducting film as phonon absorber on the opposite side of the substrate; and arrays with MKIDs on membranes. The idea is that the low $T_c$ layer down-converts the phonon energy to values below the pair breaking threshold of the MKIDs, and the membranes isolate the sensitive part of the MKIDs from phonons created in the substrate. We find that the dead time can be reduced up to a factor of 40 when compared to the reference array. Simulations show that the dead time can be reduced to below 1 % for the tested detector arrays when operated in a spacecraft in an L2 or a similar far-Earth orbit. The technique described here is also applicable and important for large superconducting qubit arrays for future quantum computers.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; accepted to APL
Scaling of global momentum transport in Taylor-Couette and pipe flow
Creators: name: Eckhardt, Bruno
name: Grossmann, Siegfried
name: Lohse, Detlef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We interpret measurements of the Reynolds number dependence of the torque in Taylor-Couette flow by Lewis and Swinney [Phys. Rev. E 59, 5457 (1999)] and of the pressure drop in pipe flow by Smits and Zagarola, [Phys. Fluids 10, 1045 (1998)] within the scaling theory of Grossmann and Lohse [J. Fluid Mech. 407, 27 (2000)], developed in the context of thermal convection. The main idea is to split the energy dissipation into contributions from a boundary layer and the turbulent bulk. This ansatz can account for the observed scaling in both cases if it is assumed that the internal wind velocity $U_w$ introduced through the rotational or pressure forcing is related to the the external (imposed) velocity U, by $U_w/U \propto Re^ξ$ with xi = -0.051 and xi = -0.041 for the Taylor-Couette (U inner cylinder velocity) and pipe flow (U mean flow velocity) case, respectively. In contrast to the Rayleigh-Benard case the scaling exponents cannot (yet) be derived from the dynamical equations.
description: 7 pages, 4 ps figures with 4 program files included in the source. European Physical Journal B, accepted
Programmable four-photon graph states on a silicon chip
Creators: name: Adcock, Jeremy C.
name: Vigliar, Caterina
name: Santagati, Raffaele
name: Silverstone, Joshua W.
name: Thompson, Mark G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future quantum computers require a scalable architecture on a scalable technology---one that supports millions of high-performance components. Measurement-based protocols, based on graph states, represent the state of the art in architectures for optical quantum computing. Silicon photonics offers enormous scale and proven quantum optical functionality. Here we report the first demonstration of photonic graph states on a mass-manufactured chip using four on-chip generated photons. We generate both star- and line-type graph states, implementing a basic measurement-based protocol, and measure heralded interference of the chip's four photons. We develop a model of the device and bound the dominant sources of error using Bayesian inference. The two-photon barrier, which has constrained chip-scale quantum optics, is now broken; future increases in on-chip photon number now depend solely on reducing loss, and increasing rates. This experiment, combining silicon technology with a graph-based architecture, illuminates one path to a large-scale quantum future.
False vacuum decay in de Sitter space-time
Creators: name: Rubakov, V. A.
name: Sibiryakov, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a technique that explicitly accounts for the structure of an initial state of quantum field in the semiclassical calculations of path integral in curved space-time, and consider decay of metastable state (conformal vacuum of scalar particles above false classical vacuum) in background de Sitter space-time as an example. Making use of this technique, we justify the Coleman-De Luccia approach to the calculation of the decay probability. We propose an interpretation of the Hawking-Moss instanton as a limiting case of constrained instantons. We find that an inverse process of the transition from true vacuum to false one is allowed in de Sitter space-time, and calculate the corresponding probability.
description: 26 pages,10 figures
Additional file 5: of A central role for MeCP2 in the epigenetic repression of miR-200c during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of glioma
Creators: name: Bian, Erbao
name: Chen, Xueran
name: Xu, Yadi
name: Ji, Xinghu
name: Cheng, Meng
name: Wang, Hongliang
name: Fang, Zhiyou
name: Zhao, Bing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Figure S3. (A) The methylation of miR-200c promoter was observed after transfection with MeCP2 plasmid. (B) The levels of SUV39H1 mRNA expression were examined after transfection with si-SUV39H1. **p<0.01 vs. sh-con. (DOCX 58 kb)
HE-SLAM: a Stereo SLAM System Based on Histogram Equalization and ORB Features
Creators: name: Fang, Yinghong
name: Shan, Guangcun
name: Li, Xin
name: Liu, Wenliang
name: Wang, Tian
name: Snoussi, Hichem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the real-life environments, due to the sudden appearance of windows, lights, and objects blocking the light source, the visual SLAM system can easily capture the low-contrast images caused by over-exposure or over-darkness. At this time, the direct method of estimating camera motion based on pixel luminance information is infeasible, and it is often difficult to find enough valid feature points without image processing. This paper proposed HE-SLAM, a new method combining histogram equalization and ORB feature extraction, which can be robust in more scenes, especially in stages with low-contrast images. Because HE-SLAM uses histogram equalization to improve the contrast of images, it can extract enough valid feature points in low-contrast images for subsequent feature matching, keyframe selection, bundle adjustment, and loop closure detection. The proposed HE-SLAM has been tested on the popular datasets (such as KITTI and EuRoc), and the real-time performance and robustness of the system are demonstrated by comparing system runtime and the mean square root error (RMSE) of absolute trajectory error (ATE) with state-of-the-art methods like ORB-SLAM2.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, 2018 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC)