cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transport coefficients of the quark-gluon plasma at the critical point and across the first-order line
Creators: name: Grefa, Joaquin
name: Hippert, Mauricio
name: Noronha, Jorge
name: Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn
name: Portillo, Israel
name: Ratti, Claudia
name: Rougemont, Romulo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A bottom-up Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton holographic model is used to compute, for the first time, the behavior of several transport coefficients of the hot and baryon-rich strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma at the critical point and also across the first-order phase transition line in the phase diagram. The observables under study are of the shear and bulk viscosities, baryon diffusion, thermal conductivity, the jet quenching parameter $\hat{q}$, as well as the heavy-quark drag force and Langevin diffusion coefficients. These calculations provide a phenomenologically promising estimate for these coefficients, given that our model quantitatively reproduces lattice QCD thermodynamics results, both at zero and finite baryon density, besides naturally incorporating the nearly-perfect fluidity of the quark-gluon plasma. We find that the diffusion of baryon charge, and also the shear and bulk viscosities, are suppressed with increasing baryon density, indicating that the medium becomes even closer to perfect fluidity at large densities. On the other hand, the jet quenching parameter and the heavy-quark momentum diffusion are enhanced with increasing density. The observables display a discontinuity gap when crossing the first-order phase transition line, while developing an infinite slope at the critical point. The transition temperatures associated with different transport coefficients differ in the crossover region but are found to converge at the critical point.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures
Axial anomaly and the triality symmetry of leptons and hadrons
Creators: name: Furui, Sadataka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the supersymmetric model of É. Cartan to the pseudoscalar meson decay into two photons, $π_0\toγγ$, $η\toγγ$ and $η'\toγγ$. In the book of É. Cartan published in 1966, Dirac spinors ${^t(}A,B)$ and ${^t(}C,D)$ and vector fields $E$ and $E'$ were introduced and five supersymmetric transformations $G_{23}, G_{12}, G_{13}, G_{123}$ and $G_{132}$ were considered. The Pauli spinor is treated as a quaternion and the Dirac spinor is treated as an octonion. In the pseudoscalar meson decay, when the two final vector fields belong to the same group ($EE$ or $E'E'$), we call the diagram rescattering diagram. When they belong to different groups ($EE'$), the diagram is called twisted diagram. Assuming the triality selection rules of octonions, dark matter is interpreted as matter emitting photons in a different triality sector than that of electromagnetic probes in our world.
description: 24 pages, 24 figures, References and comments added, to be published in Few-Body Systems(Springer)
Reorganizing Educational Institutional Domain using Faceted Ontological Principles
Creators: name: Das, Subhashis
name: Naskar, Debashis
name: Roy, Sayon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.3; I.2.4

description: The purpose of this work is to find out how different library classification systems and linguistic ontologies arrange a particular domain of interest and what are the limitations for information retrieval. We use knowledge representation techniques and languages for construction of a domain specific ontology. This ontology would help not only in problem solving, but it would demonstrate the ease with which complex queries can be handled using principles of domain ontology, thereby facilitating better information retrieval.
description: 26 pages, 12 figures, KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION Journal Paper
D4.9 Guidelines on the use of Translation Memories in survey translation
Creators: name: Keck, Veronika
name: Behr, Dorothée
name: Dorer, Brita
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: SSHOC
Social Sciences and Humanities Open Cloud
European Open Science Cloud
EOSC
TM MyMemory
ComputerAssisted Translation tools in Social Survey
Computer Assisted Translation
MateCat
CAT tools

description: Task 4.3 in WP4 Innovations in Data Production of the SSHOC project is dedicated to Applying ComputerAssisted Translation tools in Social Surveys. A key activity of this task is to incorporate newly created Translation Memories (TMs) from a corpus, which has been developed in Task 4.2 (Preparing tools for the use of Computer Assisted Translation), into an open-source computer-assisted translation (CAT) environment. Moreover, this report lays out a test case to demonstrate the feasibility of the usage of TMs within a CAT environment. The overarching goal is to introduce CAT tools and their usage possibilities to survey researchers to increase the awareness and adoption of existing and new digital tools for the survey translation process. Using the CAT tool MateCat, this report provides a theoretical framework of CAT tools with a focus on TMs, their practical use and a summary of the advantages and disadvantages of TM usage. To support social scientists in their increasingly digitized translation processes, increase awareness, and showcase the usability of TMs, a demo of the integration of TMs into the MateCat translation environment was recorded. The demo shows how the public TM MyMemory and private TMs created based on previously translated international surveys can be used and updated to increase the efficiency and quality of the survey translation process.
Writing trauma: Ipuwer and the curation of cultural memory
Creators: name: Morris, Ellen F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Egyptology
Civilization, Ancient
Famines in literature
Laments

description: This essay places a much-maligned exemplar of lamentation literature in dialogue with recent climate data, medieval and Ottoman period Egyptian famines, studies of famine and plague cross-culturally, writings about cultural memory, and trauma studies to argue that the text sheds valuable light on Egypt's social history.
Quark-Lepton Mass Relation and CKM mixing in an A4 Extension of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
Creators: name: Morisi, S.
name: Nebot, M.
name: Patel, Ketan M.
name: Peinado, E.
name: Valle, J. W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An interesting mass relation between down type quarks and charged leptons has been recently predicted within a supersymmetric SU(3)_c \times SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y model based on the A4 flavor symmetry. Here we propose a simple extension which provides an adequate full description of the quark sector. By adding a pair of vector-like up-quarks we show how the CKM entries Vub, Vcb, Vtd and Vts arise from deviations of the unitarity. We perform an analysis including the most relevant observables in the quark sector, such as oscillations and rare decays of Kaons, Bd and Bs mesons. In the lepton sector, model predicts an inverted hierarchy for the neutrino masses leading to a potentially observable rate of neutrinoless double beta decay.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, matches version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Equivalence Relations for the Classical Capacity of Single-Mode Gaussian Quantum channels
Creators: name: Schäfer, Joachim
name: Karpov, Evgueni
name: García-Patrón, Raúl
name: Pilyavets, Oleg V.
name: Cerf, Nicolas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove the equivalence of an arbitrary single-mode Gaussian quantum channel and a newly defined fiducial channel preceded by a phase shift and followed by a Gaussian unitary operation. This equivalence implies that the energy-constrained classical capacity of any single-mode Gaussian channel can be calculated based on this fiducial channel, which is furthermore simply realizable with a beam splitter, two identical single-mode squeezers, and a two-mode squeezer. In a large domain of parameters, we also provide an analytical expression for the Gaussian classical capacity, exploiting its additivity, and prove that the classical capacity cannot exceed it by more than 1/ln2 bits.
description: 4+10 pages, typos corrected
Zero Liquid Discharge of Ultrahigh-Salinity Brines with Temperature Swing Solvent Extraction
Creators: name: Boo, Chanhee
name: Billinge, Ian
name: Chen, Xi
name: Shah, Kinnari Malav
name: Yip, Ngai Yin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Environmental engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: Saline water conversion
subject: Solvent extraction
subject: Salt

description: Zero liquid discharge (ZLD) of hypersaline brines is technically and energetically challenging. This study demonstrates ZLD of ultrahigh-salinity brines using temperature swing solvent extraction (TSSE), a membrane-less and nonevaporative desalination technology. TSSE utilizes a low-polarity solvent to extract water from brine and then releases the water as a product with the application of low-temperature heat. Complete extraction of water from a hypersaline feed, simulated by 5.0 M NaCl solution (≈292 g/L TDS), was achieved using diisopropylamine solvent. Practically all of the salt is precipitated as mineral solid waste and the product water contains <5% of NaCl relative to the hypersaline feed brine. Consistent ZLD performance of high salt removals and product water quality was maintained in three repeated semibatch TSSE cycles, highlighting recyclability of the solvent. The practical applicability of the technique for actual field samples was demonstrated by ZLD of an irrigation drainage water concentrate. This study establishes the potential of TSSE as a more sustainable alternative to current thermal evaporation methods for zero liquid discharge of ultrahigh-salinity brines.
Interfacing Finite Elements with Deep Neural Operators for Fast Multiscale Modeling of Mechanics Problems
Creators: name: Yin, Minglang
name: Zhang, Enrui
name: Yu, Yue
name: Karniadakis, George Em
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multiscale modeling is an effective approach for investigating multiphysics systems with largely disparate size features, where models with different resolutions or heterogeneous descriptions are coupled together for predicting the system's response. The solver with lower fidelity (coarse) is responsible for simulating domains with homogeneous features, whereas the expensive high-fidelity (fine) model describes microscopic features with refined discretization, often making the overall cost prohibitively high, especially for time-dependent problems. In this work, we explore the idea of multiscale modeling with machine learning and employ DeepONet, a neural operator, as an efficient surrogate of the expensive solver. DeepONet is trained offline using data acquired from the fine solver for learning the underlying and possibly unknown fine-scale dynamics. It is then coupled with standard PDE solvers for predicting the multiscale systems with new boundary/initial conditions in the coupling stage. The proposed framework significantly reduces the computational cost of multiscale simulations since the DeepONet inference cost is negligible, facilitating readily the incorporation of a plurality of interface conditions and coupling schemes. We present various benchmarks to assess accuracy and speedup, and in particular we develop a coupling algorithm for a time-dependent problem, and we also demonstrate coupling of a continuum model (finite element methods, FEM) with a neural operator representation of a particle system (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics, SPH) for a uniaxial tension problem with hyperelastic material. What makes this approach unique is that a well-trained over-parametrized DeepONet can generalize well and make predictions at a negligible cost.
The role of mass loss in chemodynamical evolution of galaxies
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Chiaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thanks to the long-term collaborations between nuclear and astrophysics, we have good understanding on the origin of elements in the universe, except for the elements around Ti and some neutron-capture elements. From the comparison between observations of nearby stars and Galactic chemical evolution models, a rapid neutron-capture process associated with core-collapse supernovae is required. The production of C, N, F and some minor isotopes depends on the rotation of massive stars, and the observations of distant galaxies with ALMA indicate rapid cosmic enrichment. It might be hard to find very metal-poor or Population III (and dust-free) galaxies at very high redshifts even with JWST.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, invited review for IAU Symposium 366: The Origin of Outflows in Evolved Stars
Fluctuation conductivity of disordered superconductors in magnetic fields
Creators: name: Tarasinski, Brian
name: Schwiete, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate fluctuation corrections to the longitudinal conductivity of disordered superconductors subject to an external magnetic field. We derive analytic expressions that are valid in the entire metallic part of the temperature-magnetic field phase diagram as long as the effect of the magnetic field on the spin degrees of freedom of the electrons may be neglected. Our calculations are based on a kinetic equation approach. For the special case of superconducting films and wires in parallel magnetic fields we perform a detailed comparison with results that were previously obtained with diagrammatic perturbation theory in the imaginary time formalism. As an application, we study the fluctuation conductivity of films in tilted magnetic fields with a special focus on the low-temperature regime. We present a detailed discussion of the phenomenon of the non-monotonous magnetoresistance and find that it displays a pronounced dependence on the tilting angle.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures
Scenario-Based Verification of Uncertain Parametric MDPs
Creators: name: Badings, Thom
name: Cubuktepe, Murat
name: Jansen, Nils
name: Junges, Sebastian
name: Katoen, Joost-Pieter
name: Topcu, Ufuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider parametric Markov decision processes (pMDPs) that are augmented with unknown probability distributions over parameter values. The problem is to compute the probability to satisfy a temporal logic specification with any concrete MDP that corresponds to a sample from these distributions. As solving this problem precisely is infeasible, we resort to sampling techniques that exploit the so-called scenario approach. Based on a finite number of samples of the parameters, the proposed method yields high-confidence bounds on the probability of satisfying the specification. The number of samples required to obtain a high confidence on these bounds is independent of the number of states and the number of random parameters. Experiments on a large set of benchmarks show that several thousand samples suffice to obtain tight and high-confidence lower and upper bounds on the satisfaction probability.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1912.11223
title: Επίδραση της παιπάλης στην αντοχή αμμοκονιαμάτων
Creators: name: Πατερακης Χρηστος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2015

description: Η επιλογή του θέματος έγινε με γνώμονα τον προβληματισμό που υπάρχει γύρω από το θέμα της παρουσίας παιπάλης στα κονιάματα – επιχρίσματα. Στη διεθνή και στην ελληνική βιβλιογραφία παρατηρήθηκε ότι η παρουσία παιπάλης στα κονιάματα – επιχρίσματα προκαλεί  μείωση των αντοχών, αύξηση της αυτογενούς συρρίκνωσης, επιβράδυνση στερεοποίησης του υλικού, μείωση της διαδικασίας εξάτμισης, καθώς και αυξημένη πυρόλυση και υψηλότερη συμπιεστική δύναμη.
Στόχος της εργασίας είναι να αφαιρεθεί παιπάλη από τη λατομική άμμο μέσω μεθόδων ταξινόμησης όπως η αεροταξινόμηση , να παρασκευαστούν μείγματα κονιαμάτων ούτος ώστε να εξεταστεί κατά πόσο η αφαίρεση παιπάλης επιδρά στο κονίαμα σε ιδιότητες όπως η αντοχή η πυκνότητα  και η υδατοπερατότητα αλλά και να κατασκευαστούν στιλπνές τομές και να παρατηρηθεί η μικροδομή των κονιαμάτων.
Κατά την πρώτη σειρά πειραμάτων έγινε διερεύνηση  της δυνατότητας αφαίρεσης μεγάλου ποσοστού παιπάλης από την λατομική άμμο , μέσω της  μεταβολής των συνθηκών λειτουργίας  του αεροταξινομητή που χρησιμοποιήθηκε. Αυτό έγινε με δυο τρόπους. Με λειτουργία του αεροταξινομητή εφόσον  περιστρέφεται ο  κλωβός και με λειτουργία του αεροταξινομητή χωρίς την κίνηση του περιστρεφόμενου κλωβού. Από τα αποτελέσματα παρατηρήθηκε ότι στις υψηλές ταχύτητες περιστροφής   του κλωβού , το υλικό δεν ταξινομείται θετικά  και μειώνεται ελάχιστα  το ποσοστό της παιπάλης. Εν αντιθέσει  παρατηρήθηκε  ότι τα πολλαπλά περάσματα χωρίς την περιστροφή του κλωβού  επιδρούν  θετικά στην κατανομή του υλικού  και  αφαιρείται ικανοποιητική ποσότητα  παιπάλης .
Κατά τη  δεύτερη σειρά πειραμάτων  έγιναν δοκιμές σε κονιάματα με συγκεκριμένο ποσοστό τσιμέντου  , υδράσβεστου  , λατομικής άμμου  και πρόσθετων (επιβραδυντή) έτσι ώστε να ερευνηθεί το  κατά πόσο η αφαίρεση της παιπάλης από την λατομική άμμο επιδρά στην αντοχή των κονιαμάτων. Παρατηρήθηκε ότι όσο αφαιρείται παιπάλη δημιουργείται αύξηση των αντοχών των συνθέσεων όμως η αφαίρεση  πολύ μεγάλου ποσοστού παιπάλης δεν αυξάνει σημαντικά τις αντοχές των κονιαμάτων. Όσο αφορά τις υπόλοιπες ιδιότητες παρατηρήθηκε ότι όσο πιο μεγάλη αντοχή έχει το κονίαμα τόσο μεγαλύτερη πυκνότητα και μικρότερη υδατοπερατότητα έχει.
Κατά τη τρίτη σειρά πειραμάτων  κατασκευάστηκαν  στιλπνές τομές των κονιαμάτων έτσι ώστε να εξεταστεί η μικροδομή τους. Παρατηρήθηκε  αραιή στοίβαξη  των κοκκων  στο κονίαμα όταν αφαιρείται η παιπάλη από την λατομική άμμο.
Κατά την φάση μοντελοποίησης της όλης διαδικασίας παρασκευής και ωρίμανσης των  πειραματικών δοκιμίων   παρατηρήθηκε  πολύ μεγάλη μείωση των αντοχών όταν ο επιβραδυντής (τρυγικό οξύ) χρησιμοποιείτε στο κονίαμα στα ανωτερα όρια που ορίζουν οι κανονισμοί (2% κατ΄όγκου τσιμέντου). Παρουσιάστηκαν μεγάλες αλλοιώσεις μακροσκοπικά και μικροσκοπικά  κυρίως στο σκληρυμένο κονίαμα.
New Limits on 21cm EoR From PAPER-32 Consistent with an X-Ray Heated IGM at z=7.7
Creators: name: Parsons, Aaron R.
name: Liu, Adrian
name: Aguirre, James E.
name: Ali, Zaki S.
name: Bradley, Richard F.
name: Carilli, Chris L.
name: DeBoer, David R.
name: Dexter, Matthew R.
name: Gugliucci, Nicole E.
name: Jacobs, Daniel C.
name: Klima, Pat
name: MacMahon, David H. E.
name: Manley, Jason R.
name: Moore, David F.
name: Pober, Jonathan C.
name: Stefan, Irina I.
name: Walbrugh, William P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new constraints on the 21cm Epoch of Reionization (EoR) power spectrum derived from 3 months of observing with a 32-antenna, dual-polarization deployment of the Donald C. Backer Precision Array for Probing the Epoch of Reionization (PAPER) in South Africa. In this paper, we demonstrate the efficacy of the delay-spectrum approach to avoiding foregrounds, achieving over 8 orders of magnitude of foreground suppression (in $\textrm{mK}^2$). Combining this approach with a procedure for removing off-diagonal covariances arising from instrumental systematics, we achieve a best 2-sigma upper limit of $(41\,\textrm{mK})^2$ for $k=0.27 h\textrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ at $z=7.7$. This limit falls within an order of magnitude of the brighter predictions of the expected 21cm EoR signal level. Using the upper limits set by these measurements, we generate new constraints on the brightness temperature of 21cm emission in neutral regions for various reionization models. We show that for several ionization scenarios, our measurements are inconsistent with cold reionization. That is, heating of the neutral intergalactic medium (IGM) is necessary to remain consistent with the constraints we report. Hence, we have suggestive evidence that by $z=7.7$, the HI has been warmed from its cold primordial state, probably by X-rays from high-mass X-ray binaries or mini-quasars. The strength of this evidence depends on the ionization state of the IGM, which we are not yet able to constrain. This result is consistent with standard predictions for how reionization might have proceeded.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures, 3 appendices. Replaced with version accepted to ApJ
Advocacy, accountability and autonomy; the learning intention of the midwifery student continuity of care experience
Creators: name: Tierney, Olivia
name: Vasilevski, Vidanka
name: Kinsman, Leigh
name: Sweet, Linda
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4204
subject: Midwifery
classificationCode: 3901
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 4205
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Problem: The Continuity of Care Experience is a mandated inclusion in midwifery education programs leading to registration as a midwife in Australia. The practice-based learning experience has evolved over time, yet there remains no standardised learning intentions, objectives, or outcomes for the model. Aim: To identify the key learning intentions of the Continuity of Care Experience by an expert panel to support the development of learning outcomes. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study with two focus groups were conducted with an expert panel (n = 15). Participants were midwifery education subject matter experts on the Continuity of Care Experience with backgrounds in academia, policy development, curriculum design, accreditation, or clinical education. The discussions were transcribed and thematically analysed. Findings: Three main themes and six sub-themes describe the learning intentions of the Continuity of Care Experience. The main themes were: (1) advocacy for women; (2) accountability of care; and (3) autonomy in practice. Discussion: The education model of continuity of care enables students to develop midwifery practice that involves advocating for women, being accountable for their care and being autonomous in practice. We have established that during the experience students practice in partnership with women and are exposed to the full scope of midwifery care. Importantly students learn holistic woman-centred practice. Conclusion: The learning intentions of the Continuity of Care Experience reflects woman-centred practice. Having identified a common understanding of the learning intention, these can now be used to design learning, and assessment, through the development of measurable learning outcomes.
Logarithmic corrections to the free energy from sharp corners with angle $2π$
Creators: name: Stéphan, Jean-Marie
name: Dubail, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study subleading corrections to the corner free energy in classical two-dimensional critical systems, focusing on a generic boundary perturbation by the stress-tensor of the underlying conformal field theory (CFT). In the particular case of an angle $2π$, we find that there is an unusual correction of the form $L^{-1}\log L$, where $L$ is a typical length scale in the system. This correction also affects the one-point function of an operator near the corner. The prefactor can be seen as semi-universal, in the sense that it depends on a \emph{single} non-universal quantity, the extrapolation length. Once this ultraviolet cutoff is known, the term is entirely fixed by the geometry of the system, and the central charge of the CFT. Such a corner appears for example in the bipartite fidelity of a one-dimensional quantum system at criticality, which allows for several numerical checks in free fermions systems. We also present an exact result in the XX and Ising chains that confirms this analysis. Finally, we consider applications to the time evolution of the (logarithmic) Loschmidt echo and the entanglement entropy following a local quantum quench. Due to subtle issues in analytic continuation, we find that the logarithmic term in imaginary time transforms into a time-dependent $L^{-2}$ correction for the entanglement entropy, and a $L^{-2}\log L$ term for the Loschmidt echo.
description: 44 pages, 21 figures. v2: minor corrections
title: How Long is Forever in the Laboratory? Three Implementations of an Infinite-Horizon Monetary Economy
Creators: name: Jiang, Janet Hua
name: Puzzello, Daniela
name: Zhang, Cathy
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2021

description: Standard monetary models adopt an infinite horizon with discounting. Testing these models in the lab requires implementing this horizon within a limited time frame. We compare three approaches to such an implementation and discuss their relative advantages.

description: Les modèles monétaires standards opèrent sur un horizon infini auquel on applique un taux d’actualisation. Pour tester ces modèles en laboratoire, il faut mettre en place un jeu à horizon infini sur une période limitée. Nous comparons trois approches pour ce faire et discutons de leurs avantages respectifs.
Electrons with Planckian scattering obey standard orbital motion in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Ataei, A.
name: Gourgout, A.
name: Grissonnanche, G.
name: Chen, L.
name: Baglo, J.
name: Boulanger, M-E.
name: Laliberté, F.
name: Badoux, S.
name: Doiron-Leyraud, N.
name: Oliviero, V.
name: Benhabib, S.
name: Vignolles, D.
name: Zhou, J. -S.
name: Ono, S.
name: Takagi, H.
name: Proust, C.
name: Taillefer, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In various "strange" metals, electrons undergo Planckian dissipation, a strong and anomalous scattering that grows linearly with temperature, in contrast to the quadratic temperature dependence expected from the standard theory of metals. In some cuprates and pnictides, a linear dependence of the resistivity on magnetic field has also been considered anomalous - possibly an additional facet of Planckian dissipation. Here we show that the resistivity of the cuprate strange metals Nd-LSCO and LSCO is quantitatively consistent with the standard Boltzmann theory of electron motion in a magnetic field, in all aspects - field strength, field direction, temperature, and disorder level. The linear field dependence is found to be simply the consequence of scattering rate anisotropy. We conclude that Planckian dissipation is anomalous in its temperature dependence but not in its field dependence. The scattering rate in these cuprates does not depend on field, which means their Planckian dissipation is robust against fields up to at least 85 T.
A Palm-Shape Variable-Stiffness Gripper based on 3D-Printed Fabric Jamming
Creators: name: Zhao, Yuchen
name: Wang, Yifan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Soft grippers have excellent adaptability for a variety of objects and tasks. Jamming-based variable stiffness materials can further increase soft grippers' gripping force and capacity. Previous universal grippers enabled by granular jamming have shown great capability of handling objects with various shapes and weight. However, they require a large pushing force on the object during gripping, which is not suitable for very soft or free-hanging objects. In this paper, we create a novel palm-shape anthropomorphic variable-stiffness gripper enabled by jamming of 3D printed fabrics. This gripper is conformable and gentle to objects with different shapes, requires little pushing force, and increases gripping strength only when necessary. We present the design, fabrication and performance of this gripper and tested its conformability and gripping capacity. Our design utilizes soft pneumatic actuators to drive two wide palms to enclose objects, thanks to the excellent conformability of the structured fabrics. While the pinch force is low, the palm can significantly increase stiffness to lift heavy objects with a maximum gripping force of $17\,$N and grip-to-pinch force ratio of $42$. We also explore different variable-stiffness materials in the gripper, including sheets for layer jamming, to compare their performances. We conduct gripping tests on standard objects and daily items to show the great capacity of our gripper design.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
title: Εκπομπές αέριων ρύπων από σύν-καυση πυρηνόξυλου και ζωικών αποβλήτων της βιομηχανίας Creta Farm σε ρευστοποιημένη κλίνη
Creators: name: Παπας Μαρκος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2015

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία έχει στόχο την εξέταση υπολειμματικών μορφών βιομάζας, όπως είναι τα αγροτοβιομηχανκά  και ζωικά απόβλητα. Επικεντρώνεται στη συν-καύση αυτών των υλικών σε μια μονάδα ρευστοποιημένης κλίνης φυσαλίδων και στη μελέτη των αέριων ρύπων που παράχθηκαν για τη χρησιμοποίηση τους  ως πιθανά εναλλακτικά καύσιμα.
Τα δείγματα που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν ήταν πυρηνόξυλο, λυματολάσπη και κρεατάλευρο (MBM). Αρχικά πραγματοποιήθηκαν χημικές αναλύσεις των δειγμάτων για τον προσδιορισμό της περιεκτικότητας σε πτητικά συστατικά, μόνιμο άνθρακα και τέφρα, καθώς και θερμογόνο δύναμη.  Στη συνέχεια,  υλοποιήθηκε μια σειρά πειραμάτων καύσης σε ρευστοποιημένη κλίνη φυσαλίδων και μελετήθηκε η απόδοση καύσης και οι εκπομπές αέριων ρύπων (CO, ΝΟx και SO2). Το ποσοστό της λάσπης στα μίγματα κυμάνθηκε από 0 έως 70%, ενώ του MBM από 0 έως 20%. Μελετήθηκε η μεταβολή δυο παραμέτρων, η αύξηση της τροφοδοσίας του καυσίμου και η μεταβολή της περίσσειας του αέρα. Τα συμπεράσματα που προέκυψαν από τα αποτελέσματα των πειραμάτων δείχνουν ότι με την αύξηση του ρυθμού τροφοδοσίας οι διαφορές στις θερμοκρασίες τόσο εντός όσο και στο ελεύθερο όριο της ρευστοποιημένης κλίνης  ήταν μικρές. Μείωση της θερμοκρασίας εντός του κλιβάνου είχε σαν αποτέλεσμα αύξηση των εκπομπών CO και ΝΟx. Επίσης, με την αύξηση της περίσσειας του αέρα οι εκπομπές  CO και ΝΟx αυξήθηκαν σταδιακά. Η αύξηση του ποσοστού λάσπης και κρεαταλεύρου στο πυρηνόξυλο είχε ως αποτέλεσμα τη μείωση της θερμοκρασίας της κλίνης και κατά συνέπεια την αύξηση των CO.  Για όλα τα ποσοστά μιγμάτων, ο σχηματισμός ΝΟx έμεινε σε χαμηλά επίπεδα. Οι εκπομπές διοξειδίου του θείου (SO2) ήταν πολύ μικρές για όλα τα πειράματα καύσης.
Cutting back the U.S. Postal Service would hurt the lifeblood of democracy
Creators: name: John, Richard R.
name: Turow, Joseph
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Politics and government
Public administration

description: Critics of President Trump’s repeated denunciation of the U.S. Postal Service — and his unwillingness to adequately fund it — fault him for trying to rig an election in which public confidence in mail-in voting may well determine the margin of victory and the public’s acceptance of the results. This is certainly true. But something even more fundamental is at stake. By attacking one of the nation’s best-loved and most admired organizations, Trump is putting the circulatory system of the body politic in a potentially lethal chokehold that could threaten our future long after the election — no matter who wins.
A Model for Multiple Metal Spheres in Oscillating Magnetic Fields using Displaced Dipoles
Creators: name: Bönsel, Florian
name: Müller, Alfred
name: Psiuk, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we derive a magnetic dipole model for two identical, electrically conducting, and permeable spheres that are exposed to an oscillating homogeneous magnetic field. Our model predicts both amplitude and phase of the induced field outside the spheres. The description is provided for parallel and transverse excitation relative to the axis through the sphere centers. This geometric decomposition allows the application of arbitrary excitation field directions. Our approach is based on one dipole per sphere. The origins of these secondary dipole fields are proposed to be found at positions slightly displaced from the sphere centers to consider the mutual interaction. This displacement and the resulting phase of the dipole moments strongly depend on the distance between the spheres as well as on complex-valued first and second order response factors, which contain material properties and the oscillation frequency. We demonstrate the usefulness of our displaced dipole model in terms of efficiency and accuracy compared to other computationally simple approaches.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, 30 references
A generalised time-evolution model for contact problems with wear and its analysis
Creators: name: Ponomarev, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 26A33, 45A05, 45B05, 45M05, 45P05

description: In this paper, we revisit some classical and recent works on modelling slide-contact with wear and propose their generalisation. Namely, we upgrade the relation between the pressure and the wear rate by incorporating some non-local time-dependence. To this effect, we use a combination of fractional calculus and relaxation effects. Moreover, we consider a possibility when the load is not constant in time. The proposed model is analysed and solved. The results are illustrated numerically and comparison with similar models is discussed.
title: Secular Economic Changes and Bond Yields
Creators: name: Feunou, Bruno
name: Fontaine, Jean-Sébastien
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2021

description: We investigate the economic forces behind the secular decline in bond yields. Before the anchoring of inflation in the mid-1990s, nominal shocks drove inflation, output and bond yields. Afterward, the impacts of nominal shocks were much less significant

description: Nous étudions les forces économiques qui expliquent la baisse séculaire des rendements obligataires. Avant l’ancrage des attentes d’inflation, au milieu des années 1990, les chocs nominaux agissaient sur l’inflation, la production et les rendements obligataires. Depuis, leurs effets sont beaucoup moins importants.
The Forces outside the static limit in the rotating frame
Creators: name: Grib, Andrei
name: Vertogradov, Vitalii
name: Fedorov, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider the rotating frame of the Minkowski spacetime in order to describe the inertial forces outside the static limit. We consider the inertial forces inside the static limit to find the classical analogue afterwards we find out the expressions for these forces outside the static limit where we can't consider the limit $\frac{v}{c}\to 0$. We show that in general case if the angular velocity of the object $Ω$ is equal to the angular momentum $ω$ then the acceleration is equal to zero.
The Marketing of Cottage Cheese and Frozen Dairy Products in Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma
Creators: name: Jones, W. Webster
name: Jones, W. Webster
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1961
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Productivity Analysis

description: This report presents data on the marketing of cottage cheese and frozen dairy products by 35 milk processing plants in Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma. The purpose of this study, as in the related reports, is to provide criteria for an improved basis for pricing surplus graded milk. This milk has, historically, been priced in these markets at the same level as ungraded milk on the assumption that it is used for the same products. This study considers two of the uses for surplus graded milk -- cottage cheese and frozen dairy products. Specifically, the study considers the importance of these products according to the quantity of surplus graded milk used by the plants and as sources of income to the plants.
Mix of Covers
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Cover versions

description: Music, including 'I shall be released' by the Heptones, 'Lay Lady Lay' by the Isley Brothers, 'Oxford Town' by Richie Havens, 'I'll be your baby tonight' by unknown artist, 'Down Along the Cove' by Johnny Jenkins, 'Blowing in the Wind' by Sam Cooke and other covers,
Non-linearity of Vaidya spacetime and forces in the central naked singularity
Creators: name: Vertogradov, Vitalii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider non-linear Vaidya spacetime i.e. the case when the mass function has the non-linear form $M(v) \equiv λv^n \,, λ>0 \,, n>1 $. We prove that the central naked singularity might form for values $n>1$ but they are gravitationally weak. Also we investigate the question about forces in the naked singularity and prove that they might be finite only in the case of the gravitationally weak naked singularity.
title: Greedy algorithms for reconstruction of high-dimensional sparse vectors
title: “ ‘Απληστοι” αλγόριθμοι μηχανικής μάθησης για την ανακατασκευή αραιών διανυσμάτων πολύ μεγάλης διάστασης
Creators: name: Σιαμινου Ιωαννα
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2018

description:   Reconstruction of signals from measured data is often encountered in various fields of science. However, the dimension of the target signal is often much larger than the number of the collected measurements. In these cases, signal reconstruction is practically impossible in general. Luckily, by assuming that the signal we wish to reconstruct has certain structure, the reconstruction becomes feasible.
In Compressed Sensing, we deal with the system   y = Ax, where the so-called measurement matrix  A has dimensions (m x n), with m < n. In this area, the notion of sparsity is used as a constraint on the target signal  x. In this thesis, we concentrate on greedy algorithms, studied extensively in the literature, and the conditions that guarantee successful reconstruction. First, we provide a theoretical background of Compressed Sensing and, afterwards, we proceed with the presentation and analysis of greedy algorithms, such as Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) and Compressive Sampling Matching Pursuit (CoSaMP). We complement our presentation with numerical experiments, using as performance metric the relative signal reconstruction error.
Then, we investigate the extension of sparse vector reconstruction in non-linear scenarios. For this purpose, we consider a greedy algorithm, the Gradient Support Pursuit (GraSP), which is an extension of CoSaMP. We present the conditions that must be satisfied in this framework for successful reconstruction, and compare the performance of GraSP to LASSO, of the GLMnet package, for the logistic model.
Finally, we propose a method for non-linear scenarios inspired by GraSP and OMP, test it for the logistic model, and compare the results to those of GraSP and GLMnet.
Accelerating cosmological inference with Gaussian processes and neural networks -- an application to LSST Y1 weak lensing and galaxy clustering
Creators: name: Boruah, Supranta S.
name: Eifler, Tim
name: Miranda, Vivian
name: M, Sai Krishanth P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studying the impact of systematic effects, optimizing survey strategies, assessing tensions between different probes and exploring synergies of different data sets require a large number of simulated likelihood analyses, each of which cost thousands of CPU hours. In this paper, we present a method to accelerate cosmological inference using emulators based on Gaussian process regression and neural networks. We iteratively acquire training samples in regions of high posterior probability which enables accurate emulation of data vectors even in high dimensional parameter spaces. We showcase the performance of our emulator with a simulated 3x2 point analysis of LSST-Y1 with realistic theoretical and systematics modelling. We show that our emulator leads to high-fidelity posterior contours, with an order of magnitude speed-up. Most importantly, the trained emulator can be re-used for extremely fast impact and optimization studies. We demonstrate this feature by studying baryonic physics effects in LSST-Y1 3x2 point analyses where each one of our MCMC runs takes approximately 5 minutes. This technique enables future cosmological analyses to map out the science return as a function of analysis choices and survey strategy.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, To be submitted to MNRAS
Contracting and Expanding Binary Black Holes in 3D Low-Mass AGN Disks: The Importance of Separation
Creators: name: Dempsey, Adam M.
name: Li, Hui
name: Mishra, Bhupendra
name: Li, Shengtai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LIGO/Virgo has detected several binary black hole (BBH) merger events that may have originated in the accretion disks of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). These events require individual black hole masses that fall within the pair instability supernova mass gap, and therefore these black holes may have been grown from hierarchical mergers. AGN disks are a prime environment for hierarchical mergers, and thus a potential location for the progenitors of BBH gravitational wave events. Understanding how a BBH embedded in an AGN disk interacts with the surrounding environment is thus crucial for determining if this interaction can lead to its merger. However, there are few high fidelity simulations of this process, and almost all are two-dimensional. We present the results from 3D, high-resolution, local shearing-box simulations of an embedded BBH interacting with an AGN disk. In these first simulations of their kind, we focus on determining the mass accretion rate and the orbital evolution rate at different BBH separations. We find that circular, equal-mass BBHs with separations greater than 10% of their Hill radius contract while accreting at a super-Eddington rate. At smaller separations, however, our 3D simulations find that BBHs expand their orbits. This result suggests that it may be difficult for an AGN disk to push a BBH to merger, but we discuss several mechanisms, including MHD turbulence and radiative and mechanical feedback, that could alleviate this difficulty.
description: 25 pages, 16 figures, accepted to ApJ
Effect of disorder on 2D topological merging transition from a Dirac semi-metal to a normal insulator
Creators: name: Carpentier, David
name: Fedorenko, Andrei A.
name: Orignac, Edmond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of disorder on the topological transition from a two-dimensional Dirac semi-metal to an insulating state. This transition is described as a continuous merging of two Dirac points leading to a semi-Dirac spectrum at the critical point. The latter is characterized by a dispersion relation linear in one direction and quadratic in the orthogonal one. Using the self-consistent Born approximation and renormalization group we calculate the density of states above, below and in the vicinity of the transition in the presence of different types of disorder. Beyond the expected disorder smearing of the transition we find an intermediate disordered semi-Dirac phase. On one side this phase is separated from the insulating state by a continuous transition while on the other side it evolves through a crossover to the disordered Dirac phase.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
title: Stablecoin Assessment Framework
Creators: name: García, Alejandro
name: Lands, Bena
name: Yanchus, Dennis
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2021

description: "The issuance of stablecoins and other cryptocurrencies continues to increase, highlighting the importance of evaluating the risks these innovations pose to the financial system. However, given the novelty of stablecoin arrangements, questions remain about how authorities should analyze them and what they should be concerned about: How should we classify the different parts of the stablecoin arrangement? How can we quantify the risks in a way that is comparable to other risks to the financial system? And how can we ensure risks are evaluated consistently across stablecoin arrangements?

To address these questions, we propose a three-step framework that authorities can use to assess the risks of a stablecoin arrangement:

classifying the stablecoin arrangement into three parts—coin structure, related transfer system(s) and related financial service(s)—and categorizing the attributes of each part
identifying specific risk scenarios that are relevant to the stablecoin arrangement
quantifying the range of probable loss and possible frequency associated with the identified risk scenarios

Our proposed framework allows authorities to understand the defining characteristics of stablecoin arrangements, to be specific about any concerns they may have, and to be objective in their treatment from issuer to issuer."

description: "Les émissions de cryptomonnaies stables (stablecoins) et d’autres cryptomonnaies continuent d’augmenter. Il est donc important d’évaluer les risques que ces innovations présentent pour le système financier. Toutefois, étant donné la nouveauté des cryptomonnaies stables, les autorités se posent encore des questions sur la façon de les analyser et les préoccupations qu’elles devraient avoir : Comment classer les différentes composantes des cryptomonnaies stables? Comment quantifier les risques liés à ces cryptomonnaies de manière comparable aux autres risques pour le système financier? Et comment faire en sorte que les risques soient évalués uniformément d’une cryptomonnaie stable à l’autre?

Pour répondre à ces questions, nous proposons un cadre d’évaluation en trois étapes que les autorités peuvent utiliser pour évaluer les risques liés à une cryptomonnaie stable :

Diviser la cryptomonnaie stable en ses trois composantes – la structure de la monnaie, les systèmes de transfert et les services financiers – et catégoriser les attributs de chacune.
Définir des scénarios de risque particuliers qui sont pertinents pour la cryptomonnaie stable. 
Estimer la fourchette de pertes probables et la fourchette de fréquence possible associées aux scénarios de risque qui ont été définis.

Le cadre que nous proposons permet aux autorités de comprendre les caractéristiques distinctives des cryptomonnaies stables, de traduire leurs préoccupations en scénarios précis et d’être objectives dans leur traitement des émetteurs."