Acanthocyrtus necropolitanus Cipola & Greenslade 2022, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Cipola, Nikolas Gioia
name: Greenslade, Penelope
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Entomobryomorpha
Entomobryidae
Acanthocyrtus
Acanthocyrtus necropolitanus

description: Acanthocyrtus necropolitanus sp. nov.
Figs 2–7, 12 and Table 1
Diagnosis. Head and Abd III–IV with 1 lateral spot and Abd IV with 1 transveral spot posteriorly (Fig. 2); prelabral chaetae smooth (Fig. 3D); head sutural series with 6 mac (S0, S2–6) and 5 interocellar chaetae (Fig. 3F); labral inner papillae conical and outer papillae absent (Fig. 3E); labial papilla E with l.p. finger-shape and surpass the base of a.a. (Fig. 4A); basolateral labial field with chaetae M2 and R ciliate and smaller than the others (Fig. 4C); Th II a, m and p series with about 35, 10–11 and 18–20 mac, respectively; Th III–Abd I with 11–12, 4, 2–3+1 and 1+4 mac respectively, Abd IV with 15–18 (3 unpaired) central and 17–18 lateral mac (Fig. 5); unguis b.t. subequal to m.t. and on almost distal in ⅓ of the unguis, and a.t. present; unguiculus with all lamella smooth and acuminate (Fig. 6E); collophore anteriorly with 3 unequal distal mac (Fig. 7A); manubrium ventro-distal with 3 inner chaetae (Fig. 7B); dens with 38–65 spines on two rows, dens bs2 present (Fig. 7D). Mucro teeth subequal, basal spine surpassing the apex of the proximal tooth (Fig. 7E).
Description. Total length (head + trunk) of specimens 1.57–3.89 mm (n=4), holotype 2.34 mm. Specimens yellowish with violet present from Ant I–IV, head anteriorly between the antennae and laterally; Abd III with one lateral spot which extends to Abd IV anteriorly, Abd IV with one transveral spot posteriorly and other spot on Abd V; Th II to Abd IV and femur I–III weakly with violet pigments or absent; eyespatches black (Fig. 2). Scales heavily ciliate, oval or elongated and apically rounded or pointed (rarely truncate or irregular) present on Ant I to proximal one third of Ant II, dorsal head, dorsal thorax and abdomen, legs (except empodia), and manubrium and dens ventrally.
Head. Antennae gently larger than trunk length (Fig. 2); ratio antennae: trunk = 1: 1.16–1.32 (n=4), holotype 1: 1.27; antennal segments ratio as I: II: III: IV = 1: 1.86–2.03: 1.59–1.81: 2.46–2.82, holotype 1: 1.94: missing: 2.82. Ant IV not annulated, with apical bulb apically bilobed, at least 4 sens types, 3 conical, 6 in finger-shape, 3 rods and numerous pointed sens (Fig. 3A). Ant III sense organ with 2 club-shaped sens, 3 spiny guard sens, 1 conical and 1 finger-shape sens, at least 6 pointed sens and ciliated chaetae (Fig. 3B); dorsally with about 9 elongated thin sens and ventrally with 1 proximal mac apically acuminate (Fig. 3C). Ant II dorsally with 2–4 mac and 2 elongated thin sens distally; ventrally with 3 mac apically acuminate (Fig. 3C). Ant I dorsally with 1–2 median mac and 3 smooth mic at base (Fig. 3C). Clypeal formula with 4 (l1–2), 6 (f), 5 (pf0–2) ciliate chaetae, l1–2 larger, l1 apically acuminate, 4 f smaller, others subequal (Fig. 3D). Labral a1 chaeta normal, m0–1 and p0–2 larger. Labral inner papillae conical and with one apical projection; outer papillae about a small rounded projection (Fig. 3E). Eyes subequals, except G and H gently smaller, others subequal, and with 5 ’IO’ chaetae (p, r, t, q, s); head dorsal macrochaetotaxy with 7–8 An, 4 A, 3 M, 6 S, 4 Pa, 2 Pm, 3 Pp, and 1 Pe mac (Fig. 3F). Labial papilla E with l.p. finger-shape and surpass the base of a.a. (Fig. 4A). Maxillary palp with smooth t.a. and b.c. and subequal in length (Fig. 4B). Basolateral and basomedian labial fields with chaetae M1–2, R, E, L1–2 ciliate, M2 and R smaller (Fig. 4C). Ventral head with at least 80 ciliate chaetae, 13 larger and thicker, 15 smaller, and about 53 subequals; postlabial formula with 4 (G1–4), 3 (X2, X, X4), 4 (H1–4), 4 (J1–4?) chaetae; cephalic groove with 8 chaetae (Fig. 4D).
Thorax chaetotaxy (Fig. 5A). Th II a, m and p series with about 35 (anterior chaetal collar omitted), 10–11 and 18–20 mac, respectively. Th III a, m and p series with 1, 2 and 8–9 mac, respectively. Ratio Th II: III = 1.75–1.50: 1 (n=4), holotype 1.75: 1.
Abdomen chaetotaxy (Figs 5B–C). Abd I a, m and p series with 0, 4 and 0 mac, respectively. Abd II a, m and p series with 0, 3–4 and 0 mac, respectively; a5 and m2 bothriotricha with 7 and 5 accessory chaetae respectively.Abd III a, m and p series with 0, 4 and 1 mac, respectively; m2 bothriotrichum with 5 accessory chaetae, and a5 and m5 bothriotricha with 13 accessory chaetae between them. Abd IV with 3 unpaired mac (atypical), 12–15 central mac of A–T series and 17–18 lateral mac of E–Fe series; 14 sens (as, ps and other type I, and 11 type II) and posteriorly about 16 posterior mes (1 unpaired). Abd V a, m and p series with 3, 3 and 7 mac, respectively. Ratio Abd III: IV = 1: 5.02–5.92 (n= 4), holotype 1: 5.59.
Legs. Subcoxa I with one row of 4 chaetae and 2 psp; subcoxa II with an anterior row of 8–10 chaetae and about 13 anterior chaetae; posterior row of 3–4 and 2 psp; subcoxa III with one row of 8–9 chaetae, about 27 anterior chaetae and 2 posterior psp (Figs 6A–C). Trochanteral organ with about 29 spine-like chaetae (Fig. 6D). Tibiotarsus I–III normal pr subdivided on distal two third; tibiotarsal smooth chaeta subequal than the unguiculus, tenent hair capitate and 0.90 smaller than the unguis outer edge; pretarsus with one minute anterior and one posterior smooth chaeta (Fig. 6E). Unguis I–III with 4 inner teeth, b.t. subequal to m.t. and on almost distal ⅓ of unguis inner side, m.t. on distal ¼, a.t. minute and on distal 1 / 7; outer side with 3 teeth, 2 paired large laterobasal teeth and one unpaired proximal tooth. Unguiculus I–III with all lamellae (ae, ai, pe, pi) smooth and acuminate (Fig. 6E); ratio unguis: unguiculus = 1: 0.51 in holotype.
Collophore (7A). Anterior side with about 16 ciliate chaetae, 14 widely distributed of subequal length, distally 3 unequal acuminate mac; posterior side with about 19 chaetae, 18 ciliate chaetae (3 unpaired) widely distributed of subequal length, and 1 distal smooth chaeta; lateral flap with about 14 chaetae, 5 smooth and 9 ciliate.
Furcula. Manubrium ventrally with 3 subapical and 10–12 apical scales elongated plus 3 inner ciliate chaetae per side (Fig. 7B); manubrial plate with 6–7 ciliate chaetae of different sizes (3 mac) and 2 psp (Fig. 7C). Dens basal half with 38–65 (holotype with 60–65) dorsal spines striated on two inner rows; bs1 and pi as spine-like chaetae, bs2 as spine (Fig. 7D).
Type Material. Holotype female in slide (NMV): Australia, Western Australia, Perth municipality, South Guildford, Guildford Cemetery, near to Kalamunda road, 31°55’05”S, 115°58’46”E (Fig. 12), 15 m., 21–22.iii.2015, pitfall-trap, C Taylor coll. 12 paratypes: 2 males and 1 female on slides and 2 specimens in alcohol (NMV) plus 1 male on slides (INPA-CLL000121), same date as holotype; 1 male and 3 females on slides (NMV) plus 2 females on slides (INPA-CLL000122-23), same date as holotype, except vegetation adjacent of the Perth Airport, 31°55’18”S, 115°58’36”E, 13 m.
Etymology. Refers to cemetery where the new species was found (From Greek: nekropolis –necropolis, cemetery)
description: Published as part of Cipola, Nikolas Gioia & Greenslade, Penelope, 2022, Two new species of Acanthocyrtus Handschin, 1925 (Collembola, Entomobryidae Entomobryinae) from Western Australia, pp. 341-358 in Zootaxa 5124 (3) on pages 343-348, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5124.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6410892