cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraints on Scalar-Tensor Theory of Gravity by Solar System Tests
Creators: name: González, P. A.
name: Olivares, Marco
name: Papantonopoulos, Eleftherios
name: Vásquez, Yerko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the motion of particles in the background of a scalar-tensor theory of gravity in which the scalar field is kinetically coupled to Einstein tensor. We constrain the value of the derivative parameter $z$ through solar system tests. By considering the perihelion precession we obtain the constrain $\sqrt{z}/m_p > 2.6\times 10^{12}$ m, the gravitational red-shift $\frac{\sqrt{z}}{m_{p}}>2.7\times10^{\,10}$ m, the deflection of light $\sqrt{z}/m_p > 1.6 \times 10^{11}$ m, and the gravitational time delay $\sqrt{z}/m_p > 7.9 \times 10^{12}$ m; thereby, our results show that it is possible to constrain the value of the $z$ parameter in agreement with the observational tests that have been considered.
description: Version accepted for publication in EPJC
Power Laws, Precursors and Predictability During Failure
Creators: name: De, Rumi
name: Ananthakrishna, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of a modified Burridge-Knopoff model by introducing a dissipative term to mimic the bursts of acoustic emission (AE) from rock samples. The model explains many features of the statistics of AE signals observed in experiments such as the crossover in the exponent value from relatively small amplitude AE signals to larger regime, and their dependence on the pulling speed. Significantly, we find that the cumulative energy dissipated identified with acoustic emission can be used to predict a major slip event. We also find a data collapse of the acoustic activity for several major slip events describable by a universal stretched exponential with corrections in terms of time-to-failure.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, Final version with minor changes
Spinor Casimir densities for a spherical shell in the global monopole spacetime
Creators: name: Saharian, A. A.
name: de Mello, E. R. Bezerra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the vacuum expectation values of the energy-momentum tensor and the fermionic condensate associated with a massive spinor field obeying the MIT bag boundary condition on a spherical shell in the global monopole spacetime. In order to do that it was used the generalized Abel-Plana summation formula. As we shall see, this procedure allows to extract from the vacuum expectation values the contribution coming from to the unbounded spacetime and explicitly to present the boundary induced parts. As to the boundary induced contribution, two distinct situations are examined: the vacuum average effect inside and outside the spherical shell. The asymptotic behavior of the vacuum densities is investigated near the sphere center and surface, and at large distances from the sphere. In the limit of strong gravitational field corresponding to small values of the parameter describing the solid angle deficit in global monopole geometry, the sphere-induced expectation values are exponentially suppressed. As a special case we discuss the fermionic vacuum densities for the spherical shell on background of the Minkowski spacetime. Previous approaches to this problem within the framework of the QCD bag models have been global and our calculation is a local extension of these contributions.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
Livestock for resilience : Revisiting the role of livestock in the major agricultural production systems of the MENA region
Creators: name: Frija, A.
name: Afi, M.
name: Dhehibi, B.
name: Frija, A.
name: Afi, M.
name: Dhehibi, B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: This paper aims to analyze the contribution of livestock to the resilience of major agricultural systems in the MENA region. We considered study areas from Jordan, Tunisia, and Morocco. We started by providing a typology of resilience profiles of production systems in these study areas and then we calculated resilience indexes for the identified farm types in the different countries. Secondly, we analyzed the role of livestock in each of these systems by testing the correlation between a set of livestock variables and the resilience indexes. Results show that livestock is playing a crucial role in enhancing agricultural systems resilience in the MENA region. Mixed crops-livestock systems, in addition to the pastoral production systems, identified in the considered countries, were found to have significantly high resilience indexes. Beside being an important source of income in the dry rain fed areas, animal heads are being considered as assets that could be easily converted into cash to face financial shortage and crisis. Our results also show that livestock producers appear to be more socially engaged and more open to their neighborhood, this is mainly due to practicing transhumance and sharing rangeland with other farmers, which enhances their positioning over the resilience scale. Acknowledgement : This paper has partly benefited from the financial support of the Consortium Research Program (CRP) on Livestock, Led by ILRI. Data of the paper has been collected during the CRP Dryland System. The paper also benefited from financial support of the Erasmus Mundus program.
Life-Cycle Consumption of Food at Home in France: Empirical Evidence from Food Expenditures and Home Production
Creators: name: Kyureghian, G.
name: Soler, L.-G.
name: Kyureghian, G.
name: Soler, L.-G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: The share of the elderly population in France increases steadily, raising concerns that the aging households cannot maintain the pre-retirement level of consumption. We use panel data on food purchases to investigate whether households use the variation in the life-cycle availability of the two inputs of home production time and money, to sustain consumption. Our results indicate that food consumption peaks in early 40 s, drop afterwards in the late 50 s. However, it picks up at the early 60 s dramatically by as much as 40% compared to the late 50 s. This would indicate that food consumption remains uncompromised as households age. Acknowledgement : The ALIMASSENS Collaborative Project is funded by the French National Research Agency (grant # ANR-14-CE20-0003) The AgreenSkills fellowship programme, which has received funding from the EU s Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement N FP7-609398
On emission-line spectra obtained from evolutionary synthesis models I. Dispersion in the ionising flux and Lowest Luminosity Limits
Creators: name: Cervino, M.
name: Luridiana, V.
name: Perez, E.
name: Vilchez, J. M.
name: Valls-Gabaud, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abriged) Stellar clusters with the same general physical properties (e.g., total mass, age, and star-formation mode) may have very different stellar mass spectra due to the incomplete sampling of the underlying mass function; such differences are especially relevant in the high-mass tail due to the smaller absolute number of massive stars. The dispersion in the number of massive stars also produces a dispersion in the properties of the corresponding ionising spectra. In this paper, we lay the bases for the future analysis of this effect by evaluating the dispersion in the ionising fluxes of synthetic spectra. As an important consequence, we found that the intensities of synthetic fluxes at different ionisation edges are strongly correlated, a fact suggesting that no additional dispersion will result from the inclusion of sampling effects in the analysis of diagnostic diagrams; this is true for HII regions on all scales. Additionally, we find convincing suggestions that the He II lines are strongly affected by sampling, and so cannot be used to constrain the evolutionary status of stellar clusters. We also establish the range of applicability of synthesis models set by the Lowest Luminosity Limit for the ionising flux, that is the lowest limit in cluster mass for which synthesis models can be applied to predict ionising spectra. This limit marks the boundary between the situations in which the ionising flux is better modeled with a single star as opposed to a star cluster; this boundary depends on the metallicity and age, ranging from 10^3 to more than 10^6 Mo. As a consequence, synthesis models should not be used to try to account for the properties of clusters with smaller masses.
description: Replaced with accepted version
Analysing adoption of soil conservation measures by farmers in Darjeeling district, India
Creators: name: Singha, C.
name: Singha, C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Farm Management

description: The study assess the key determinants of the decision to adopt soil conservation in Teesta River Watershed, in Darjeeling District in the Eastern Himalayas. In this watershed, there have been soil conservation both by the individual farmers on their own farm and by the government at the sub-watershed level. We collected data through a primary survey conducted during 2013. This study explicitly accounts for possible neighbourhood effects in influencing adoption. This is captured both by identifying adoption practices among farmers who are immediately upstream, and using spatial econometrics that incorporate the spatial distance between neighboring farms. We use Bayesian formulation of a standard probit model in conjunction with Markov Chain Monte Carlo to estimate the model. The findings suggest positive evidence of neighbourhood impact on farmers in adoption decisions. We also examine if adoption decisions differ between farmers residing in treated and untreated sub-watershed and conclude that they do not. Acknowledgement : I thank the South Asian Network for Development and Environmental Economics (SANDEE) for supporting the study financially. This study is part of my PhD dissertation at Department of Economics, Delhi School of Economics. I extend my warm gratitude to J V Meenakshi and M N Murty for their supervision, suggestions and encouragements throughout the study. Thanks are also due to K L Krishna, Sanjeev Sharma, Raushan Kumar, Aditi Singhal, Divya Gupta, Bipasha Choudhury, Koushik Singha, Tamash Ranjan Majumdar and Sameer Lama
Perturbative Thermal QCD: Formalism and Applications
Creators: name: Ghiglieri, Jacopo
name: Kurkela, Aleksi
name: Strickland, Michael
name: Vuorinen, Aleksi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review article, we discuss the current status and future prospects of perturbation theory as a means of studying the equilibrium thermodynamic and near-equilibrium transport properties of deconfined QCD matter. We begin with a brief introduction to the general topic, after which we review in some detail the foundations and modern techniques of the real- and imaginary-time formalisms of thermal field theory, covering e.g. the different bases used in the real-time formalism and the resummations required to deal with soft and collinear contributions. After this, we discuss the current status of applications of these techniques, including topics such as electromagnetic rates, transport coefficients, jet quenching, heavy quarks and quarkonia, and the Equations of State of hot quark-gluon plasma as well as cold and dense quark matter. Finally, we conclude with our view of the future directions of the field, i.e. how we anticipate perturbative calculations to contribute to our collective understanding of strongly interacting matter in the coming years.
description: 137 pages, 44 figures. v4: Version published in Physics Reports; two typographical errors corrected from v3
The shape of rice agriculture towards 2050
Creators: name: Samal, P.
name: Babu, S.
name: Samal, P.
name: Babu, S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: The rice consumption growth is very slow in Asia during 1961-2013 and has slowed down in other continents except Africa. The consumption growth in Africa is strong during recent years. Future additional demand will come mainly due to population growth in Africa and Asia. The production growth during last fifty years led by growth in yield has helped in achieving food security in many Asian countries. Many countries have turned out to be exporters due to impressive yield growth. But, the yield growth has slowed down considerably. The demand for rice by 2050 has been estimated as 506, 562 and 607 million tons at three levels of consumption. Scientists have been able to break the yield ceilings in the last decade, which has brought new hopes of achieving the targeted production. With increasing diversification towards high value crops/commodities, Asia may lose 4 million ha of rice area by the year 2050. However, due to strong rice consumption growth in Africa, the area in that continent will increase by 8 million ha. The speed of rice area expansion and yield enhancement in Africa depends on the level of investment in research and development of infrastructure. Acknowledgement :
Analyzing the Size and Affecting Factors of Household Food Waste in China
Creators: name: Jiang, J.-Q.
name: Yu, T.
name: Wang, Z.-H.
name: Qi, D.-M
name: Huang, W.-Z
name: Jiang, J.-Q.
name: Yu, T.
name: Wang, Z.-H.
name: Qi, D.-M
name: Huang, W.-Z
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Although food waste has become an increasingly important issue in China, little attention has been given to its scale and determining factors in the related literature of food waste. This study uses the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) data surveyed in 1991, 2000 and 2009 to investigate the food waste behavior of Chinese households over the twenty years. In addition, the factors affecting food waste at home were identified and evaluated using the double hurdle model. The survey results show that the food waste amount at home per household has declined over the study span, likely due to the increase of outside-dining, while the percentage of households incurring food waste was on the rise. Also, among the factors associated with household food waste, the household size and regional differences in dietary habits were found positively correlated with food waste over time. In addition, the high-income families tended to generate more waste than low-income families after 2000. The age, education and employment characteristics of the main female member were also related with household food waste although the impact on food waste varied over time. Acknowledgement : This research uses data from China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). And we thank the financial support from the Social Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (L16BGL038), Program for Liaoning Excellent Talents in University (WJQ2015026), the Youth Project of the Philosophy and Social Science Research, Ministry of Education of China (13YJC790057, 14YJC90094), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71303161, 71503173).
Exact duality relations in correlated electron systems
Creators: name: Momoi, Tsutomu
name: Hikihara, Toshiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using gauge transformations on electron bond operators, we derive exact duality relations between various order parameters for correlated electron systems. Applying these transformations, we find two duality relations in the generalized two-leg Hubbard ladder at arbitrary filling. The relations show that unconventional density-wave orders such as staggered flux or circulating spin-current are dual to conventional density-wave orders and there are direct mappings between dual phases. Several exact results on the phase diagram are also concluded.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, references updated
Farmers Preferences for Attributes of Seed Rice in Sierra Leone: A Best-Worst Scaling Approach
Creators: name: Mansaray, B.
name: Jin, S.
name: Yuan, R.
name: Li, H.
name: Mansaray, B.
name: Jin, S.
name: Yuan, R.
name: Li, H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: An adoptive measure of improved rice is relevant for increasing food production and minimizing downside effects of rapid population growth. This study seeks to provide an empirical insight on farmers' improved rice adoption decision processes and implicitly on farmers preference for 13 seed rice attributes, using a best-worst experiment and conditional logistic model (to explains the possible effects of the experiment on final choices of the best - worst attributes). The results showed that potential yield, maturity; seed viability, tolerance to pest and disease are respectively the first four important attributes for farmers choice for seed rice varieties. Additionally, we derived important policy implications for seed rice development, breeding priority setting and adoption in Sierra Leone, centred on the inclusion of farmers needs and participation in future seed rice related research to ensure continuous and appropriate adoption for achieving sustainable output in obviously poor and challenging farming conditions. Finally, we suggested that prerequisites for enabling improved rice to increase rice production in Sierra Leone should include farmers having improved access to seed rice and information as well as favourable policies supporting the development of agricultural sector. Acknowledgement : The authors gratefully acknowledge: Milton Kabbia, Edward Ndoko (both of Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute), Mahmoud K. Sesay (of Njala University) for their immense support during data collection; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC-71273233, 71333011), the Major Program of the Key Research Institute of Chinese Ministry of Education (No. 15JJD790032)
Das ist der HAMMER: Consistent new physics interpretations of semileptonic decays
Creators: name: Bernlochner, Florian U.
name: Duell, Stephan
name: Ligeti, Zoltan
name: Papucci, Michele
name: Robinson, Dean J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise measurements of $b\to cτ\barν$ decays require large resource-intensive Monte Carlo (MC) samples, which incorporate detailed simulations of detector responses and physics backgrounds. Extracted parameters may be highly sensitive to the underlying theoretical models used in the MC generation. Because new physics (NP) can alter decay distributions and acceptances, the standard practice of fitting NP Wilson coefficients to SM-based measurements of the $R(D^{(*)})$ ratios can be biased. The newly developed HAMMER software tool enables efficient reweighting of MC samples to arbitrary NP scenarios or to any hadronic matrix elements. We demonstrate how HAMMER allows avoidance of biases through self-consistent fits directly to the NP Wilson coefficients. We also present example analyses that demonstrate the sizeable biases that can otherwise occur from naive NP interpretations of SM-based measurements. The HAMMER library is presently interfaced with several existing experimental analysis frameworks and we provide an overview of its structure.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, published version
On the Topology and Flux of T-Dual Manifolds
Creators: name: Bouwknegt, Peter
name: Evslin, Jarah
name: Mathai, Varghese
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general formula for the topology and H-flux of the T-dual of a type two compactification. Our results apply to T-dualities with respect to any free circle action. In particular we find that the manifolds on each side of the duality are circle bundles whose curvatures are given by the integral of the dual H-flux over the dual circle. As a corollary we conjecture an obstruction to multiple T-dualities, generalizing an obstruction known to exist on the twisted torus. Examples include SU(2) WZW models, Lens spaces and the supersymmetric string theory on the non-spin AdS^5xCP^2xS^1 compactification.
description: 4 Pages, No Figures
Systematic review of the reliability and validity of commercially available wearable devices for measuring steps, energy expenditure, and heart rate
Creators: name: Fuller, Daniel
name: Colwell, Emily
name: Low, Jonathan
name: Orychock, Kassia
name: Tobin, Melissa
name: Simango, Bo
name: Buote, Richard
name: Van Heerden, Desiree
name: Slade, Logan
name: Luan, Hui
name: Taylor, Nathan
name: Cullen, Kimberley
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Introduction: Consumer-wearable activity trackers are small electronic devices that record fitness and health-related measures. The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the validity and reliability of commercial wearables in measuring step count, heart rate, and energy expenditure. Methods: We identified devices to be included in the review. Database searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, and SPORTDiscus, and only included articles published in the English language up to May 2019. Studies were excluded if they did not identify the device used and if they did not examine the validity and/or reliability of a device. Studies including the general population and all special populations were included. We operationalized validity as criterion (as compared to other measures) and construct (degree to which device is measuring what it purports) validity. Reliability measures focused on intradevice and interdevice reliability. Results: We included 158 publications examining 9 different commercial wearable device brands. Fitbit was by far the most studied brand. In lab-based settings Fitbit, Apple Watch, and Samsung appeared to measure steps accurately. Heart rate was more variable with Apple Watch and Garmin being the most accurate, and Fitbit tending towards underestimation. For energy expenditure, no brand was accurate. We also examined validity between devices within a specific brand. Conclusion: Commercial wearable devices are accurate in measuring steps and heart rate in lab based settings, but this varies by the manufacturer and device type. Devices are constantly being upgraded and redesigned to new models, suggesting the need for more current reviews and research.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Additional file 3 of Hidden analyses: a review of reporting practice and recommendations for more transparent reporting of initial data analyses
Creators: name: Huebner, Marianne
name: Vach, Werner
name: Cessie, Saskia Le
name: Schmidt, Carsten Oliver
name: Lusa, Lara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. PRISMA check list.
Halesthenus nakanei Sawada 1955
Creators: name: Ahn, Kee- Jeong
name: Jeon, Mi- Jeong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Halesthenus
Halesthenus nakanei

description: Halesthenus nakanei Sawada 1955:85.
 Description. See Sawada (1971).
 Material Examined. Korea: Chungnam Prov., Taeangun, Anmyeondo, Ggochi, 21 VII 2001, S.-J. Park, under stones in the intertidal zone (11).
 Distribution. Korea and Japan.
 Remarks. Sawada (1971) described this species in detail and presented illustrations of the diagnostic characters of males. The spermatheca (Fig. 18) of B. nakanei is illustrated here for the first time.
description: Published as part of Ahn, Kee- Jeong & Jeon, Mi- Jeong, 2004, The Korean Species Of The Genus Bryothinusa Casey With Descriptions Of Two New Species (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), pp. 29-35 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 58 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.1649/590, http://zenodo.org/record/4924167
Agribusiness opportunities for youth in Nigeria: Farmers perceptions and willingness to pay for mechanized harvesting equipment
Creators: name: Agossadou, A.J.
name: Fiamohe, R.
name: Tossou, H.
name: Kinkpe, T.
name: Agossadou, A.J.
name: Fiamohe, R.
name: Tossou, H.
name: Kinkpe, T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Nigeria is facing two major problems. The high rate of post-harvest losses in rice value chain and high rate of youth unemployment. This study assessed farmers perception on business opportunities for youth as well as farmers willingness to upgrade and to pay for two mechanized harvesting equipment, mini-harvester and reaper that youth can use to provide services. The study is conducted in the two rice development hubs in Nigeria on 290 farmers. Contingent valuation method combine with a two stage approach is used to elicit farmers willingness to pay. Descriptive statistics show that farmers perceive harvesting and threshing as the main business opportunities for youth in rice value chain. Moreover, majority of farmers prefer mechanized harvesting equipment to traditional method and are willing to pay for that with a strong preference to reaper. Compared to the cost of traditional method, farmers are willing to pay 27.33% and 21.59% less respectively for mini-harvester and reaper. Double hurdle model reveals that access to credit, extension, training and perceptions increase farmers willingness to upgrade and to pay. The study suggest many policy actions Key words: Youth, Nigeria, Rice value chain, willingness to pay, contingent valuation Acknowledgement : Authors are grateful to CGIAR research program on rice for financing the study. Thanks to partners of State Agricultural and Rural Development Programs of the two rice hubs, executive of innovation platforms and all enumerators and facilitators in Nasarawa and Kano rice hubs.
Follow-Up HST/STIS Spectroscopy of Three Candidate Tidal Disruption Events
Creators: name: Gezari, S.
name: Halpern, J. P.
name: Komossa, S.
name: Grupe, D.
name: Leighly, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large amplitude, high luminosity soft X-ray flares were detected by the ROSAT All-Sky Survey in several galaxies with no evidence for Seyfert activity in their ground-based optical spectra. These flares had the properties predicted for a tidal disruption event by a central supermassive black hole: soft X-ray spectrum, time-scale of months, and large X-ray luminosity (10^42 - 10^44 ergs s^-1). In order to evaluate the alternative hypothesis that these flares could have been some form of extreme AGN variability, we obtained follow-up optical spectroscopy of three of the flaring galaxies a decade later with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) and a narrow slit to search for or place stringent limits on the presence of any persistent Seyfert-like emission in their nuclei. Two of the galaxies, RX J1624.9+7554 and RX J1242.6-1119, show no evidence for emission lines or a non-stellar continuum in their Hubble Space Telescope (HST) nuclear spectra, consistent with their ground-based classification as inactive galaxies. They remain the most convincing as hosts of tidal disruption events. NGC 5905, previously known as a starburst H II galaxy due to its strong emission lines, has in its inner 0."1 a nucleus with narrow emission-line ratios requiring a Seyfert 2 classification. This weak Seyfert 2 nucleus in NGC 5905, which was masked by the many surrounding H II regions in ground-based spectra, requires a low level of prior non-stellar photoionization, thus raising some uncertainty about the nature of its X-ray flare, which may or may not have been a tidal disruption event. The absence of both broad emission lines and nuclear X-ray absorption in NGC 5905 also characterizes it as a ``true'' Seyfert 2 galaxy, yet one that has varied by more than a factor of 100 in X-rays.
description: 25 pages,3 tables,8 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Delayed coincidence in electron-neutrino capture on gallium for neutrino spectroscopy
Creators: name: Wang, Zhe
name: Xu, Benda
name: Chen, Shaomin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work explains a delayed-coincidence method to perform MeV-scale neutrino spectroscopy with electron-neutrino capture on gallium. An electron-neutrino possessing energy greater than 407.6 keV can be captured on gallium and produce a daughter germanium nucleus at its first excited state with a mean lifetime of 114 ns. The released electron and gammas before the first excited state of Ge can generate a prompt signal representing the solar neutrino energy and the gamma from the deexcitation of the first excited state, 175 keV, can give a delayed signal. The cross-section of this electron-neutrino capture process is evaluated and is comparable with electron-neutrino capture on chlorine. A possible implementation with a liquid scintillator is discussed to exploit the delayed coincidence. The detection scheme is more feasible than using 115In, etc, but need a larger target. The proposed method can be helpful for the MeV-scale solar neutrino spectroscopy and for solving the gallium anomaly.
description: 6 pages, 2 figure, 3 tables
Explaining Non-Bisimilarity in a Coalgebraic Approach: Games and Distinguishing Formulas
Creators: name: König, Barbara
name: Mika-Michalski, Christina
name: Schröder, Lutz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1
subject: 03B70

description: Behavioural equivalences can be characterized via bisimulation, modal logics, and spoiler-duplicator games. In this paper we work in the general setting of coalgebra and focus on generic algorithms for computing the winning strategies of both players in a bisimulation game. The winning strategy of the spoiler (if it exists) is then transformed into a modal formula that distinguishes the given non-bisimilar states. The modalities required for the formula are also synthesized on-the-fly, and we present a recipe for re-coding the formula with different modalities, given by a separating set of predicate liftings. Both the game and the generation of the distinguishing formulas have been implemented in a tool called T-BEG.
description: Long version of CMCS 2020 paper
Cooperative Learning in Introductory Statistics: Assessing Students’ Perceptions, Performance, and Learning in Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Groups
Creators: name: Mesghina, Almaz
name: Hong, Guanglei
name: Durrell, Adelle
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Past research has shown the benefit of cooperative learning in organizing instruction to promote students’ engagement and achievement. However, it remains unclear whether students gain more from peers at relatively higher or similar levels of prior knowledge. Relatedly, it is important to distinguish collective performance from individual learning. Lastly, students’ perceived value of cooperative learning, group dynamics, and self-concept could elucidate the importance of group composition. We conducted a mixed-methods experiment in five introductory statistics classrooms with 139 university students of relatively low (LPK) or high (HPK) prior statistics knowledge. Students were randomly assigned within-class to homogeneous (all LPKs) or heterogenous (at least one HPK) groups, with whom they completed exercises throughout the term. Without a more knowledgeable peer, LPKs in homogeneous groups nonetheless were able to clarify much of the conceptual confusion among themselves and eventually reach the same level of understanding as LPKs in heterogeneous groups. Group composition did not influence LPKs’ individual learning on average. Within heterogeneous groups, LPKs had greater performance gains and similar individual learning when compared with HPKs. Regardless of prior knowledge or group composition, students found cooperative learning valuable, as it promoted opportunities for positive interactions, comparing work, and revealing misunderstandings for all. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Smartphone app with behaviour change techniques to increase physical activity: Sequential multiple assignment randomized trial
Creators: name: Simões, Maria Do Socorro Morais Pereira
name: Proença, Neli Leite
name: Lauria, Vinicius Tonon
name: Do Nascimento, Matheus Bibian
name: Padovani, Ricardo Da Costa
name: Dourado, Victor Zuniga
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: App-based interventions to increase physical activity (PA) might be effective, although multi-component interventions appear to be better. Purpose: To investigate the effects of a smartphone app with behavior change techniques on PA of adults. Methods: Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial. The protocol lasted 24 weeks: after baseline assessments, participants were randomized into 3 groups: Group 1 (G1) - app + tailored messages, Group 2 (G2) – app + tailored messages + gamification I, Control group (CG) – PA counseling. We recorded the average number of daily steps from G1 and G2. At week 6, we classified participants as responders or non-responders according to daily steps; non-responders were re-randomized, with the chance to participate in Group 3 – app + tailored messages + gamification II. From week 12, participants no longer received intervention. Reassessments occurred at 12 and 24 weeks from baseline. We analyzed data using repeated-measures ANOVA with an intention-to-treat approach. Results: We included 53 participants (G1: 17, G2: 19, CG: 17), aged 44 ± 1.74 years old, 56.6% women. 53.1% were responders (G1: 62.5%, G2: 43.7%). We had losses to follow-up due to the Covid-19 pandemics. There were no differences pre and post-intervention among groups. Participants from G1 significantly increased step count compared to baseline (p<0.05). Conclusions: An app-based intervention with behavior change techniques may be effective in increasing PA of adults. Funding: Sao Paulo Research Foundation – FAPESP (2011/07282-6 and 2018/11817-1); FAPESP/ Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) (2018/21536-0).
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Improved Estimates of Cosmological Perturbations
Creators: name: Tsamis, N. C.
name: Woodard, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recently derived exact solutions for the scalar, vector and tensor mode functions of a single, minimally coupled scalar plus gravity in an arbitrary homogeneous and isotropic background. These solutions are applied to obtain improved estimates for the primordial scalar and tensor power spectra of anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background.
description: 31 pages, 4 figures, LaTeX 2epsilon, this version corrects an embarrasing mistake (in the published version) for the parameter q_C. Affected eqns are 105, 109-110, 124, 148-153 and 155-157
Understanding Female Chinese Students’ Low Engagement with Physical Activity : Communicational, Environmental and Situational Barriers
Creators: name: Anandalingamm, Stephen
name: Dolatyar, Kambiz
name: Singh, Alisha
name: Xie, Iris
name: Yip, Kalon
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: The identification, understanding, and rectification of the communicational, environmental, and situational barriers that prevents Chinese female students from participating in physical activity (P.A.) at the University of British Columbia (UBC) is a research study conducted by a group of UBC students. It has been identified by UBC census data that Chinese female students (Chinese, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwanese) are a demographic with one of the lowest P.A. rates (Kim, 2018). This is a significant demographic of UBC’s student body, as they comprise 41% of the 54% of UBC’s female population (Fact Sheet Winter 2018, 2018). Past research has identified that P.A. has the effect of preventing chronic diseases, and improving physical and mental health (Warburton, Nicol, & Bredin, 2006). Participants were recruited through Qualtrics surveys, followed by one-on-one interviews and focus groups. The research method was qualitative in nature. Three notable findings from this demographic were determined from this study: 1) Academic achievement is prioritized above P.A. 2) There is a lack of awareness of P.A. programs and events at UBC 3) One’s lived experiences affects the depth of their physical literacy The findings from the study provide insight for key changes that can be implemented to improve UBC Chinese female participation in P.A. These recommendations include: utilizing different platforms of social media, developing a new mobile app that incentivizes P.A. participation, offering academic incentives for participation in P.A., incorporating a mandatory course into first year curriculum, and establishing women-only gym spaces. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Additional file 2 of Hidden analyses: a review of reporting practice and recommendations for more transparent reporting of initial data analyses
Creators: name: Huebner, Marianne
name: Vach, Werner
name: Cessie, Saskia Le
name: Schmidt, Carsten Oliver
name: Lusa, Lara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. PubMed search terms.
Oryctoantiquus Ratcliffe and Smith, new genus
Creators: name: Ratcliffe, Brett C.
name: Smith, Dena M.
name: Erwin, Diane
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Dynastidae
Oryctoantiquus

description: Oryctoantiquus Ratcliffe and Smith, new genus
 Type Species. Oryctoantiquus borealis Ratcliffe and Smith.
 Diagnosis. The same as for the monotypic species, Oryctoantiquus borealis. The pattern of punctures on the metasternum, combined with the large body size and form of the posterior legs, distinguishes Oryctoantiquus from other genera in the tribe Oryctini.
 Etymology. The generic name is derived from the Greek oryktes, meaning digger (also the stem of the dynastine tribal name Oryctini), and the Latin antiquus, meaning old; hence the ‘‘old digger’’ or ‘‘old oryctine’’ in reference to the 45 million year old age of the fossil and the tribe to which we assign it.
description: Published as part of Ratcliffe, Brett C., Smith, Dena M. & Erwin, Diane, 2005, Oryctoantiquus borealis, New Genus And Species From The Eocene Of Oregon, U. S. A., The World' S Oldest Fossil Dynastine And Largest Fossil Scarabaeid (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae), pp. 127-135 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 59 (1) on pages 128-129, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065x(2005)059[0127:obngas]2.0.co;2, http://zenodo.org/record/4924192
Topological quantum phase transitions retrieved through unsupervised machine learning
Creators: name: Che, Yanming
name: Gneiting, Clemens
name: Liu, Tao
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of topological features of quantum states plays an important role in modern condensed matter physics and various artificial systems. Due to the absence of local order parameters, the detection of topological quantum phase transitions remains a challenge. Machine learning may provide effective methods for identifying topological features. In this work, we show that the unsupervised manifold learning can successfully retrieve topological quantum phase transitions in momentum and real space. Our results show that the Chebyshev distance between two data points sharpens the characteristic features of topological quantum phase transitions in momentum space, while the widely used Euclidean distance is in general suboptimal. Then a diffusion map or isometric map can be applied to implement the dimensionality reduction, and to learn about topological quantum phase transitions in an unsupervised manner. We demonstrate this method on the prototypical Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model, the Qi-Wu-Zhang (QWZ) model, and the quenched SSH model in momentum space, and further provide implications and demonstrations for learning in real space, where the topological invariants could be unknown or hard to compute. The interpretable good performance of our approach shows the capability of manifold learning, when equipped with a suitable distance metric, in exploring topological quantum phase transitions.
description: Accepted by Physical Review B (2020); Updated version including implications and demonstrations for learning in real space, and with appendices; Typos were corrected; 14 pages, 12 figures
Mass effects in the polarized virtual photon structure
Creators: name: Sasaki, Ken
name: Uematsu, Tsuneo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss target mass effects in the polarized virtual photon structure functions $g_1^γ(x,Q^2,P^2)$, $g_2^γ(x,Q^2,P^2)$ for the kinematic region $Λ^2\ll P^2 \ll Q^2$, where $-Q^2 (-P^2)$ is the mass squared of the probe (target) photon. We obtain the expressions for the structure functions in closed form by inverting the Nachtmann moments for the twist-2 and twist-3 operators. Numerical analysis shows that target mass effects appear at large $x$ and become sizable near the maximal value of $x$, as the ratio $P^2/Q^2$ increases. Target mass effects for the QCD sum rules of $g_1^γ$ and $g_2^γ$ are also investigated.
description: 5 pages, LaTeX, 4 eps figures, npb.sty file included, Talk given at Loops and Legs 2004, Zinnowitz, Germany, April 25-30, 2004, to appear in the Proceedings
Binary Blue Metal-Poor Stars: Evidence for AGB Mass Transfer
Creators: name: Sneden, C.
name: Preston, G. W.
name: Cowan, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new abundance analyses of six blue metal-poor (BMP) stars with very low iron abundances ([Fe/H] < -2), based on new high resolution echelle spectra. Three are spectroscopic binaries and three have constant radial velocities. The chemical compositions of these two groups are very different, as the binary BMP stars have large enhancements of carbon and neutron-capture elements that are products of s-process nucleosynthesis. One star, CS 29497-030, has an extreme enhancement of lead, [Pb/Fe] = +3.7, the largest abundance in any star yet discovered. It probably also has an oxygen overabundance compared to the other BMP stars of our sample. The binary BMP stars must have attained their status via mass transfer during the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) evolutions of their companion stars, which are now unseen and most likely are compact objects. We have not found any examples of AGB mass transfer among BMP binaries with [Fe/H] > -2.
description: 34 pages, 9 figures, 7 tables; To appear in the Astrophysical Journal
Activities of the Operating Room, November 1943
Creators: name: Martin, John, 1904-1996
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 1943
Subjects: subject: World War II
subject: 12th General Hospital
subject: Surgery
subject: Surgical Procedures, Operative
subject: Surgical Equipment
subject: Equipment and Supplies, Hospital
subject: Hospitals, Military
subject: Anesthesia
subject: Wounds and Injuries
subject: Laundry Service, Hospital
subject: ʻAyn al-Turk (Algeria)
subject: Wounds and Injuries/therapy

description: These monthly reports consist of statistical tables that note the number of specific types of surgeries the 12th General Hospital Unit performed as well as information about surgical supplies.
Examining the usage of behaviour change techniques among popular YouTube fitness videos
Creators: name: Sui, Wuyou
name: Morava, Anisa
name: Sui, Anna
name: Tsang, Jason
name: Rhodes, Ryan
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: As a consequence of COVID-19, the popularity of online fitness videos on YouTube has exponentially increased. However, the extent that the most popular fitness creators/channels utilize behaviour change techniques (BCTs) in their videos, and how they may be related to engagement, is unknown. Purpose: (1) To describe the characteristics of any BCTs employed by the most popular YouTube fitness channels’ videos, (2) and to examine relationships between BCTs employed and engagement metrics. Methods: An environmental scan was used to identify eligible channels. The popularity of channels was confirmed through socialblade.com rankings. Fifteen channels were identified for extraction. The top five most popular (i.e., relevant) videos for each channel were selected and coded for BCTs, according to Michie’s 2013 BCT Taxonomy v1. Pearson’s correlations were conducted between number of BCTs and engagement metrics (i.e., views, likes, comments). Results: Fifty-four unique BCTs were used across the 75 videos. “Demonstration of behaviour” (100%) and “Instruction on how to perform the behaviour” (90.7%) were the most used BCTs. The average number of BCTs employed was 12.5±6.65 and ranged from 1 to 27. The number of BCTs used by a video was unrelated to any video engagement metric, even after controlling for subscribers (ps > 0.05). Conclusions: Most channels employed a variety of BCTs within their videos. However, the use of these BCTs was not related to engagement with the video. Future work examining other elements that contribute to engagement is warranted. Funding: None.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress