cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phase effects from strong gravitational lensing of gravitational waves
Creators: name: Ezquiaga, Jose María
name: Holz, Daniel E.
name: Hu, Wayne
name: Lagos, Macarena
name: Wald, Robert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assessing the probability that two or more gravitational waves (GWs) are lensed images of the same source requires an understanding of the image properties, including their relative phase shifts in strong lensing (SL). For non-precessing, circular binaries dominated by quadrupole radiation these phase shifts are degenerate with either a shift in the coalescence phase or a detector and inclination dependent shift in the orientation angle. This degeneracy is broken by the presence of higher harmonic modes with $|m|\ne 2$ in the former and $|m| \ne l$ in the latter. Precession or eccentricity will also break this degeneracy. This implies that lensed GWs will not necessarily be consistent with (unlensed) predictions from general relativity (GR). Therefore, unlike EM lensing, GW SL can lead to images with an observable modified phase evolution. However, for a wide parameter space, the lensed waveform is similar enough to an unlensed waveform that detection pipelines will still find it. For present detectors, templates with a shifted detector-dependent orientation angle have SNR differences of less than $1\%$ for mass ratios up to 0.1, and less than $5\%$ for precession parameters up to 0.5 and eccentricities up to 0.4 at 20Hz. The mismatch is lower than $10\%$ with the alternative detector-independent coalescence phase shift. Nonetheless, for a loud enough source, even with one image it may be possible to directly identify it as a SL image from its non-GR waveform. In more extreme cases, lensing may lead to considerable distortions, and the lensed GWs may be undetected with current searches. Nevertheless, an exact template with a phase shift in Fourier space can always be constructed to fit any lensed GW. We conclude that an optimal search strategy would incorporate phase information in all stages, with an exact treatment in the final assessment of the probability of multiple lensed events.
description: Matches PRD version. Full abstract in PDF version
Constraining Dark Energy with X-ray Galaxy Clusters, Supernovae and the Cosmic Microwave Background
Creators: name: Rapetti, David
name: Allen, Steven W.
name: Weller, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new constraints on the evolution of dark energy from an analysis of Cosmic Microwave Background, supernova and X-ray galaxy cluster data. Our analysis employs a minimum of priors and exploits the complementary nature of these data sets. We examine a series of dark energy models with up to three free parameters: the current dark energy equation of state w_0, the early time equation of state w_et and the scale factor at transition, a_t. From a combined analysis of all three data sets, assuming a constant equation of state and that the Universe is flat, we measure w_0=-1.05+0.10-0.12. Including w_et as a free parameter and allowing a_t to vary over the range 0.5
description: 11 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Two new figures added: Fig.9 shows the effects of including dark energy perturbations and Fig.10 compares X-ray cluster data with 2dF data
Singularity resolution depends on the clock
Creators: name: Gielen, Steffen
name: Menéndez-Pidal, Lucía
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum cosmology of a flat Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker universe filled with a (free) massless scalar field and a perfect fluid that represents radiation or a cosmological constant whose value is not fixed by the action, as in unimodular gravity. We study two versions of the quantum theory: the first is based on a time coordinate conjugate to the radiation/dark energy matter component, i.e., conformal time (for radiation) or unimodular time. As shown by Gryb and Thébault, this quantum theory achieves a type of singularity resolution; we illustrate this and other properties of this theory. The theory is then contrasted with a second type of quantisation in which the logarithm of the scale factor serves as time, which has been studied in the context of the "perfect bounce" for quantum cosmology. Unlike the first quantum theory, the second one contains semiclassical states that follow classical trajectories and evolve into the singularity without obstruction, thus showing no singularity resolution. We discuss how a complex scale factor best describes the semiclassical dynamics. This cosmological model serves as an illustration of the problem of time in quantum cosmology.
description: 34 pages, 7 figures; v2: improved presentation, additional references, version accepted for publication; v3: updated figure 2(c) which was incorrect
Evaluación integral financiera, económica, social, ambiental y productividad del uso de bagazo de caña en la generación de energía Eléctrica en Nicaragua en ingenios no conectados a la red de energía eléctrica.
Creators: name: Blanco-Orozco, Napoleon Vicente
name: Zúniga-González, Carlos Alberto
name: Arce, Eduardo
name: Jaramillo-Villanueva, Jose Luis
name: Losilla-Solano, Luis
name: Colon-Garcia, Adelfa Patricia
name: Blanco-Orozco, Napoleon Vicente
name: Zúniga-González, Carlos Alberto
name: Arce, Eduardo
name: Jaramillo-Villanueva, Jose Luis
name: Losilla-Solano, Luis
name: Colon-Garcia, Adelfa Patricia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Sugar cane bagasse
subject: comprehensive evaluation
subject: Electricity

description: Comprehensive financial, economic, and social, productivity and environmental assessment of the use of bagasse energy resource is in two mills in Nicaragua who are CASUR and montélimar generating electricity using bagasse consumption. In conducting this research, it concluded that it is a very profitable business from the financial point of view, both with CASUR as Montelimar, which puts both talents in an activity with great economic benefits from the use of this renewable energy resource for society in general, although the mill has CASUR most benefit. From the point of view of social impact both mills also rated as very profitable, demonstrating that, the activity of using bagasse for electricity generation has great social contribution. From the point of view of the total productivity of the factors of production employed in the generation of electricity, both mills can improve the growth rate of productivity.
Additional file 3 of Understanding factors that contribute to variations in bronchiolitis management in acute care settings: a qualitative study in Australia and New Zealand using the Theoretical Domains Framework
Creators: name: Haskell, Libby
name: Tavender, Emma J.
name: Wilson, Catherine
name: Babl, Franz E.
name: Oakley, Ed
name: Sheridan, Nicolette
name: Dalziel, Stuart R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3 Table S1. Factors thought to influence practice in caring for infants with bronchiolitis in regard to chest x-ray. Table S2. Factors thought to influence practice in caring for infants with bronchiolitis in regard to salbutamol use. Table S3. Factors thought to influence practice in caring for infants with bronchiolitis in regard to antibiotic use. Table S4. Factors thought to influence practice in caring for infants with bronchiolitis in regard to glucocorticoid use. Table S5. Factors thought to influence practice in caring for infants with bronchiolitis in general.
Elaboración de probiótico a base de suero de leche de vaca, para combatir infecciones de Vibrios sp., en camarones Litopenaeus vannamei, de forma experimental.
Creators: name: Herrera Sirias, Claudia
name: Canales Chamorro, Fernando Jsoe
name: Martinez-Gonzalez, Evenor
name: Herrera Sirias, Claudia
name: Canales Chamorro, Fernando Jsoe
name: Martinez-Gonzalez, Evenor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Probióticos
subject: camarones

description: Los probióticos son alternativas viables para competir por espacio con las bacterias gran negativas, Una fuente de bacterias que funcione como probiótico puede generarse a partir del suero de la leche devaca. de En este trabajo se pretende vericar la ecacia del probiótico elaborado a base de suero de leche de vaca, para combatir infecciones de Vibrios sp., (V. Alginolítico y V. parahemolítico) en camarones Litopenaeus vannamei, de forma experimental. Para llevar a cabo este experimento se procedió a verter el suero en un frasco durante 48hrs, se distribuye en los medios de cultivo a diferente diluciones con melaza, las cuales serán de 8-1,10-1,12-1, estas diluciones tuvieron tres repeticiones cada una. se medieron temperatura y pH como los factores que pudieran inuir mas en la dinámica poblacional de las bacterias de Lactobacilus acidophilus. Se prepararon los medios de cultivo y conteo de bacteria. Como resultados se obtuvo que la temperatura en el experimento varió entre 30°C a 40°C, el pH presentó valores menores a 4.5. La dilución 8:1 fue la que presento un mayor crecimiento población de bacterias alcanzando 431,8 millones de cel/ml de L .acidophilus, seguidamente de la dilucion10:1 con 394,7 millones de cel./ml y en la dilución 12:1, 302 millones de cel/ml. La mejor dilución fue 8:1 dando en colonias verdes un halo de 9mm, en colonias amarillas el halo fue de 1 cm, ambos con una concentración de 30ul.
Breakdown of Markovianity by interactions in stroboscopic Floquet-Lindblad dynamics under high-frequency drive
Creators: name: Mizuta, Kaoru
name: Takasan, Kazuaki
name: Kawakami, Norio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Floquet-Magnus (FM) expansion theory is a powerful tool in periodically driven (Floquet) systems under high-frequency drives. In closed systems, it dictates that their stroboscopic dynamics under a time-periodic Hamiltonian is well captured by the FM expansion, which gives a static effective Hamiltonian. On the other hand, in dissipative systems driven by a time-periodic Liouvillian, it remains an important and nontrivial problem whether the FM expansion gives a static Liouvillian describing continuous-time Markovian dynamics, which we refer to as the Liouvillianity of the FM expansion. We answer this question for generic systems with local interactions. We find that, while noninteracting systems can either break or preserve Liouvillianity of the FM expansion, generic few-body and many-body interacting systems break it under any finite drive, which is essentially caused by propagation of interactions via higher order terms of the FM expansion. Liouvillianity breaking implies that Markovian dissipative Floquet systems in the high-frequency regimes do not have static (Markovian) counterparts, giving a signature of emergent non-Markovianity. Our theory provides a useful insight for questing unique phenomena in dissipative Floquet systems.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 3 of Measuring antibody avidity to Plasmodium falciparum merozoite antigens using a multiplex immunoassay approach
Creators: name: Taylor, Diane Wallace
name: Bobbili, Naveen
name: Kayatani, Alex
name: Yunga, Samuel Tassi
name: Winifrida Kidima
name: Leke, Rose F. G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Influence of Different Concentrations of Chaotropes on the Avidity Index (AI: Percentage of Antibodies that remained bound). Method: In this experiment, 50 µl of the diluted positive plasma control (PC) and 50 µl of the Ag coupled beads were incubated for 60 min; washed; beads were resuspended in 100 µl of the concentration of chaotrope shown for 30 min; washed; incubated with 100 µl of PE-anti-human IgG for 60 min; washed; and examined using a MicroChip 100.
Non-Intrusive Reduced-Order Modeling Using Uncertainty-Aware Deep Neural Networks and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition: Application to Flood Modeling
Creators: name: Jacquier, Pierre
name: Abdedou, Azzedine
name: Delmas, Vincent
name: Soulaimani, Azzeddine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep Learning research is advancing at a fantastic rate, and there is much to gain from transferring this knowledge to older fields like Computational Fluid Dynamics in practical engineering contexts. This work compares state-of-the-art methods that address uncertainty quantification in Deep Neural Networks, pushing forward the reduced-order modeling approach of Proper Orthogonal Decomposition-Neural Networks (POD-NN) with Deep Ensembles and Variational Inference-based Bayesian Neural Networks on two-dimensional problems in space. These are first tested on benchmark problems, and then applied to a real-life application: flooding predictions in the Mille Îles river in the Montreal, Quebec, Canada metropolitan area. Our setup involves a set of input parameters, with a potentially noisy distribution, and accumulates the simulation data resulting from these parameters. The goal is to build a non-intrusive surrogate model that is able to know when it does not know, which is still an open research area in Neural Networks (and in AI in general). With the help of this model, probabilistic flooding maps are generated, aware of the model uncertainty. These insights on the unknown are also utilized for an uncertainty propagation task, allowing for flooded area predictions that are broader and safer than those made with a regular uncertainty-uninformed surrogate model. Our study of the time-dependent and highly nonlinear case of a dam break is also presented. Both the ensembles and the Bayesian approach lead to reliable results for multiple smooth physical solutions, providing the correct warning when going out-of-distribution. However, the former, referred to as POD-EnsNN, proved much easier to implement and showed greater flexibility than the latter in the case of discontinuities, where standard algorithms may oscillate or fail to converge.
description: To be published in the Journal of Computational Physics
Dynamics of coupled thermoacoustic oscillators under asymmetric forcing: Experiments and theoretical modeling
Creators: name: Sahay, Ankit
name: Roy, Amitesh
name: Pawar, Samadhan A.
name: Sujith, R. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quenching of limit cycle oscillations (LCO), either through mutual coupling or external forcing, has attracted wide attention in several fields of science and engineering. However, the simultaneous utilization of these coupling schemes in quenching of LCO has rarely been studied despite its practical applicability. We study the dynamics of two thermoacoustic oscillators simultaneously subjected to mutual coupling and asymmetric external forcing through experiments and theoretical modeling. We investigate the forced response of both identical and non-identical thermoacoustic oscillators for two different amplitudes of LCO. Under mutual coupling alone, identical thermoacoustic oscillators display the occurrence of partial amplitude death and amplitude death, whereas under forcing alone, asynchronous quenching of LCO is observed at non-resonant conditions. When the oscillators are simultaneously subjected to mutual coupling and asymmetric forcing, we observe a larger parametric region of oscillation quenching than when the two mechanisms are utilized individually. This enhancement in the region of oscillation quenching is due to the complementary effect of amplitude death and asynchronous quenching. However, a forced response of coupled non-identical oscillators shows that the effect of forcing is insignificant on synchronization and quenching of oscillations in the oscillator which is not directly forced. Finally, we qualitatively capture the experimental results using a reduced-order theoretical model of two coupled Rijke tubes which are coupled through dissipative and time-delay coupling and asymmetrically forced. We believe that these findings offer fresh insights into the combined effects of mutual and forced synchronization in a system of coupled nonlinear oscillators.
description: 26 pages, 14 figures
Supplementary Material: What Motivates Software Practitioners to Contribute to Inner Source?
Creators: name: Anonymous
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: What the supplementary material includes:
 1) the interview guide that we used for our semi-structured interviews (PDF);
 2) the questionnaire that we used for our online survey (PDF);
 3) the valid responses of our online survey (CSV).
Inversion of time domain electromagnetic data for the detection of Unexploded Ordnance
Creators: name: Pasion, Leonard Rodriguez
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Unexploded Ordnance(UXO)discrimination is achieved by extracting parameters from geophysical data that reflect characteristics of the target that generated the measured signal. Model-based parameters are estimated through data inversion, where the optimal parameters are those that produce acceptable agreement between observed and predicted data and satisfy any prior information we have of the target. These parameters are then used as inputs to statistical classification methods to determine the likelihood that the target is, or is not, a UXO. The task of accurately recovering model parameters is more difficult when sensor data are contaminated with geological noise originating from magnetic soils. In regions of highly magnetic soil, magnetometry and electromagnetic sensors often detect large anomalies that are of geologic, rather than of metallic origin. In this thesis I investigate different methods of recovering the dipole polarization tensor from time domain electromagnetic (TEM) data. The different data inversion methods are characterized by the amount of a priori information used. Different a priori information considered include target location and depth estimated from other data sets, and knowledge of the different types of UXO that can be expected at the site. In the first part of this thesis, I assume that the influence of background geology can be removed through a data pre-processing procedures such that the UXO can be assumed to sit in free space. In the second part of this thesis we take a closer look at the influence of viscous remnant magnetization on electromagnetic data. Several software and hardware based approaches are proposed for improving detection and discrimination of UXO in geologically magnetic areas.
Discovery of a young stellar "snake" with two dissolving cores in the solar neighborhood
Creators: name: Tian, Hai-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a young (only 30-40\,Myr) snake-like structure (dubbed a stellar "snake") in the solar neighborhood from {\it Gaia} DR2. The average distance of this structure is about 310\,pc from us. Both the length and width are over 200\,pc, but the thickness is only about 80\,pc. The "snake" has one tail and two dissolving cores, which can be clearly distinguished in the 6D phase space. The whole structure includes thousands of members with a total mass of larger than 2000\,$M_{\odot}$ in an uniform population. The population is so young that it can not be well explained with the classical theory of tidal tails. We therefore suspect that the "snake" is hierarchically primordial, rather than the result of dynamically tidal stripping, even if the "snake" is probably expanding. The coherent 5D phase information and the ages suggest that the "snake" was probably born in the same environment as the filamentary structure of Beccari et al.(2020). If so, the "snake" could extend the sky region of the Vela OB2 association by a factor of $\sim 2$, and supplement the census of its coeval structures. This finding is useful to understand the history of the formation and evolution of the Vela OB2 complex. The age of the "snake" well matches with that of the Gould Belt. In the sky region of our interest, we detect one new open cluster, which is named as Tian 1 in this work.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, and 1 table, accepted for publication in the ApJ
Closed hypersurfaces of prescribed mean curvature in locally conformally flat Riemannian manifolds
Creators: name: Gerhardt, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove the existence of smooth closed hypersurfaces of prescribed mean curvature homeomorphic to $S^n$ for small $n, n\le6$, provided there are barriers.
description: 24 pages, amstex
Gauge Theory Amplitudes In Twistor Space And Holomorphic Anomaly
Creators: name: Cachazo, Freddy
name: Svrcek, Peter
name: Witten, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, in analyzing differential equations obeyed by one-loop gauge theory amplitudes, one must take into account a certain holomorphic anomaly. When this is done, the results are consistent with the simplest twistor-space picture of the available one-loop amplitudes.
description: 8 pp
Additional file 2 of Measuring antibody avidity to Plasmodium falciparum merozoite antigens using a multiplex immunoassay approach
Creators: name: Taylor, Diane Wallace
name: Bobbili, Naveen
name: Kayatani, Alex
name: Yunga, Samuel Tassi
name: Winifrida Kidima
name: Leke, Rose F. G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Similar Avidity Indexes (AI) are Obtained using Different Dilutions of Plasma. Since MFI is a measure of the amount of Ab; whereas, AI represent the strength of Ab binding to the antigen, AI should be independent on MFI. That is, AI should not change significantly when different dilutions of the same plasma sample are used in the assay, as long as the MFI are on the linear part of the Ab binding curve. In the avidity MIA reported in this study, MFI and AI were independent. Data above are provided to illustrate this point. Method: The same plasma samples used in Additional file 1: Fig. S1 that had different amounts of Ab (e.g., high > 20,000 MFI to lowest 1000 to 5000 MFI) for different antigens were selected. When the samples were diluted 1:100; 1:500, 1:1000 and 1:5000 and used in the avidity assay (Ab-Antigen-bead complexes were treated with 1 M NH4SCN for 30 min). Results: Results show that similar AI for were obtained using different dilutions of plasma. Thus, in the avidity multiplex assay described, MFI and AI were independent.
Properties of Two Hypernovae Entering the Nebular Phase: SN 1997ef and SN 1997dq
Creators: name: Mazzali, P. A.
name: Deng, J.
name: Maeda, K.
name: Nomoto, K.
name: Filippenko, A. V.
name: Matheson, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two peculiar Type Ic supernovae (SNe) 1997ef and 1997dq are shown to have very similar photometric and spectral evolution in the epochs when both SNe are observed (i.e. beyond $\sim 80$ days after the explosion). The early light curves and spectra of SN 1997ef suggested that this was a ``hypernova,'' or ``SN 1998bw-like Type Ic supernova.'' The fact that the two SNe are very similar allows us to extend the time coverage of this type of event, since SN 1997dq, unlike SN 1997ef, was observed well into the nebular phase. In contrast to SN 1998bw, the spectra of these two SNe did not become fully nebular until almost one year after the explosion. During a long transition phase, lasting at least 6 months, the SNe developed nebular emission in lines of [\OI] and [\CaII], but at the same time they retained an underlying, photospheric-type spectrum, originating at very low velocities. Spectral synthesis techniques are used to model the spectrum of SN 1997dq, suggesting that it produced $\sim 0.16 \Msun$ of \Nifs, and that a significant fraction of this is located in a dense, low-velocity inner region.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures. To appear in the Astrophysical Journal (October 20, 2004)
Causality in the Fermi Problem and the Magnus expansion
Creators: name: Ben-Benjamin, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 1932, Fermi presented a two-atom model for determining whether quantum mechanics is consistent with causality, and concluded that indeed it is. In the late 1960's, Shirokov and others found that Fermi's approximations may not have been sound, and when corrected, Fermi's model shows non-causal behavior. We show that if instead of time-dependent perturbation theory, the Magnus expansion is used to approximate the time-evolution operator, causality does follow.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 1 of A randomized controlled trial on the effects of oxymetazoline nasal spray after dacryocystorhinostomy among adult patients
Creators: name: Sosuan, George Michael N.
name: Ranche, Felice Katrina T.
name: Lagunzad, John Kenneth D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Appendix A (Sample Block Randomization), Sample B (Protocol Flowchart), Protocol C (Sample Size Calculation.
Angewiesen zur Bedeutung sozialer Benachteiligung von Kindern im Schulsystem und Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten durch die Schule und die Schulische Heilpädagogik
Creators: name: Jenal, Cornelia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Unterprivilegierung
Schule
Unterstützung
Masterarbeit

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit will die Bedeutung von Bildung aufzeigen und dabei für das Thema der sozialen Benachteiligung im Kontext Schule sensibilisieren. Im Zentrum der theoretischen Untersuchung wird nach dem Ursprung sozialer Benachteiligung im Schulsystem gefragt. In ausgewählter Fachliteratur wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche Möglichkeiten die Schulische Heilpädagogik hat, das Thema der sozialen Benachteiligung im Schulkontext mitzudenken und in ihren Handlungsmodellen zu berücksichtigen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es aufzuzeigen, dass die Möglichkeit, sich gut entwickeln und bilden zu können von unzähligen Faktoren abhängt, die miteinander verknüpft sind. Abschliessend werden Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten durch die Schule und die Schulische Heilpädagogik beleuchtet, welche geeignet sind, die Handlungsmöglichkeiten von sozial benachteiligten Schulkindern in ihrem Alltag zu erweitern.
Verification of polarization selection rules and implementation of selective coherent manipulations of hydrogenic transitions in n-GaAs
Creators: name: Doty, M. F.
name: King, B. T.
name: Sherwin, M. S.
name: Stanley, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrons bound to shallow donors in GaAs have orbital energy levels analogous to those of the hydrogen atom. The polarization selection rules for optical transitions between the states analogous to the 1s and 2p states of hydrogen in a magnetic field are verified using Terahertz (THz) radiation from the UCSB Free Electron Laser. A polarization-selective coherent manipulation of the quantum states is demonstrated and the relevance to quantum information processing schemes is discussed.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted to Phys. Rev. B: Rapid Communications
Utilisation de la méthode des prix hédonistes pour l'évaluation des aménités agricoles et forestières : Etat des lieux et données disponibles
Creators: name: Michalland, Béatrice
name: Vollet, Dominique
name: Michalland, Béatrice
name: Vollet, Dominique
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Parmi les méthodes de l'économie de l'environnement, la méthode des prix hédonistes a été relativement peu utilisée pour estimer les aménités produites par l'agriculture ou la sylviculture. Or, contrairement à la méthode de l'évaluation contingente, elle présente l'avantage de reposer sur des données de transactions et non des données d'enquêtes dont les interprétations sont toujours sujettes à de nombreux biais. Les résultats obtenus avec la méthode des prix hédonistes (notamment dans les pays anglo-saxons) montrent que les aménités agricoles ou forestières sont en mesure d'expliquer l'amplitude des variations du prix de l'immobilier en milieu rural dans des proportions non négligeables (entre 7 % et 30 % selon les pays et le type d'espace rural). Néanmoins, la méthode des prix hédonistes présente un certain nombre de difficultés principalement d'ordre empirique. Celles-ci sont au nombre de trois: choix d'une zone de taille pertinente, choix des variables indépendantes, disponibilité des données.
MPEC 2024-B22 : 2024 BB
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 BB

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Différenciation des produits et segmentation de marché : l'exemple de la viande bovine en France
Creators: name: Sans, Pierre
name: Fontguyon, Guy
name: Sans, Pierre
name: Fontguyon, Guy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: L'objet de la contribution est d'analyser le processus de segmentation du marché de la viande bovine fraîche après le déclenchement de la crise de l'Encéphalopathie Spongiforme Bovine (ESB). Après avoir dressé un état des lieux de la filière avant la crise, les auteurs montrent comment cette dernière a favorisé une différenciation verticale du produit. Cette différenciation s'appuie notamment sur une démarche collective (« Critères Qualité Contrôlés » ) mise en place par l'interprofession et qui vise à rassurer les consommateurs sur la dimension « sécurité sanitaire » de la qualité. Contrôlée par une tierce-partie indépendante, cette signature est utilisée conjointement à des marques privées développées essentiellement par la grande distribution. L'analyse des motifs de cette diffusion rapide de la différenciation verticale de la viande bovine conduit les auteurs à proposer une nouvelle configuration du linéaire viande bovine pour les années à venir.
Calculation of Penetration Depth and $T_c$ in $κ$-$($ET$)_2$Cu(NCS)$_2$ under Pressure
Creators: name: Tanaka, Kazunori
name: Ikeda, Hiroaki
name: Yamada, Kosaku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pressure dependence of the inverse square of the magnetic penetration depth $λ^{- 2}$ in $κ$-$($ET$)_2$Cu(NCS)$_2$ was measured by Larkin, et al According to the paper, $λ^{- 2}$ behaves differently under low pressure and under high pressure. Under low pressure, the development of $λ^{- 2}$ just below $T=T_c$ is rapid compared to the case under high pressure. Moreover, $T_c$ in $κ$-$($ET$)_2$Cu(NCS)$_2$ increases under c-axis pressure up to 1kbar and decreases under higher pressure, while $T_c$ decreases monotonically under the hydrostatic pressure, or under the uniaxial pressure parallel to other axes. In order to explain these behaviors, we calculate $T_c$ and $λ^{- 2}$ for $κ$-$($ET$)_2$Cu(NCS)$_2$ under pressure. In the calculation we mainly use an effective dimer Hubbard model. In conclusion, the behavior of $λ^{- 2}$ results from three effects: the variation of the bandwidth of quasiparticles, the change of the Fermi surfaces, and the effect of vertex correction. This is a different mechanism from that of $λ^{- 2}$ in cuprates which we observe when the doping varies. Moreover, we explain the increase in $T_c$ under the c-axis pressure up to 1kbar and the decrease in $T_c$ over 1kbar from our calculation. With the increase in the c-axis pressure, two competitive effects with respect to $T_c$ appear. One is the approach of the Fermi surface to the antiferromagnetic Brillouin zone boundary, and the other is the suppression of the electron correlation. Under the low c-axis pressure, $T_c$ increases since the former effect is dominant. On the other hand, $T_c$ decreases since the latter effect is dominant under the high c-axis pressure.
description: 23pages, 16figures
Quantum backflow in a ring
Creators: name: Goussev, Arseni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Free motion of a quantum particle with the wave function entirely comprised of plane waves with non-negative momenta may be accompanied by negative probability current, an effect called quantum backflow. The effect is weak and fragile, and has not yet been observed experimentally. Here we show that quantum backflow becomes significantly more pronounced and more amenable to experimental observation if, instead of letting the particle move along a straight line, one forces it to move in a circular ring.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Health problems and healthcare service utilisation amongst homeless adults in Africa- a scoping review
Creators: name: Asibey, Benedict Osei
name: Conroy, Elizabeth
name: Brahmaputra Marjadi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Sample Search Strategy-Medline. Table S2. Physical Health Problems. Table S3. Mental Health Problems. Table S4. Health service Utilisation.
Knot Topology of QCD Vacuum
Creators: name: Cho, Y. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that one can express the knot equation of Skyrme theory completely in terms of the vacuum potential of SU(2) QCD, in such a way that the equation is viewed as a generalized Lorentz gauge condition which selects one vacuum for each class of topologically equivalent vacua. From this we show that there are three ways to describe the QCD vacuum (and thus the knot), by a non-linear sigma field, a complex vector field, or by an Abelian gauge potential. This tells that the QCD vacuum can be classified by an Abelian gauge potential with an Abelian Chern-Simon index.
description: 4 pages
A numerical model of glaciohydraulic supercooling
Creators: name: Creyts, Timothy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Beneath many glaciers and ice sheets, hydrology influences or controls a variety of basal processes. Glaciohydraulic supercooling is a process whereby water freezes englacially or subglacially because its internal temperature is below the bulk freezing temperature. Water supercools when it is at its freezing point and flows from an area of higher pressure (lower ambient temperature) to an area of lower pressure (higher ambient temperature) without equilibrating its internal energy. The process is dependent on the configuration of the water flow path relative to the pressure gradient driving flow. I formulate the governing equations of mass, linear momentum, and internal energy for time-dependent clear water flow based on previous work (Clarke, 2003; Spring & Hutter, 1981, 1982). Because field evidence and steady-state theory point to water distributing laterally across the bed, I modify this theory to account for an aperture that is much wider than deep, which I refer to as a sheet. Ice accretion terms are formulated with porosity because accreting ice has residual porosity. Ice intrusion into such a water sheet is not described in the literature, and I formulate intrusion based on previous work as well as ideas gained from subglacial cavity formation. In addition, I modify the clear water equations to include erosion and deposition of sediment along the glacier bed and incorporation of sediment into the accreted ice. Furthermore, water may leave the ice-bed interface and flow through the glacier pore space because subglacial water pressure is relatively high when supercooling occurs. To this end, I develop an englacial waterflow model that incorporates changes in ice porosity based on creep closure and ice melt or accretion. Simulations reveal behavior that cannot be inferred from simplified models. For example, while total ice accretion is comparable to field estimates, locations of simulated ice accretion along the ice-bed interface conflict with steady state models, which tend to overpredict accretion amounts. Simulations also indicate that much sediment deposition occurs prior to water being supercooled. Sediment deposition tends to smooth subglacial topography rather than enhance it. Additional results and implications of numerical simulations are discussed.
Additional file 2 of Understanding factors that contribute to variations in bronchiolitis management in acute care settings: a qualitative study in Australia and New Zealand using the Theoretical Domains Framework
Creators: name: Haskell, Libby
name: Tavender, Emma J.
name: Wilson, Catherine
name: Babl, Franz E.
name: Oakley, Ed
name: Sheridan, Nicolette
name: Dalziel, Stuart R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Interview schedule.
Adeonellopsis laevis
Creators: name: D'Hondt, J. - L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Bryozoa
Gymnolaemata
Cheilostomatida
Adeonidae
Adeonellopsis
Adeonellopsis laevis

description: 3. Adeonellopsis laevis (MILNE- EDWARDS 1838)
The zoarium is narrow, monostratified, dichotomously ramified, with a convex upper and a plane dorsal surface. It is very probably erect. The autozooids, a little enlarged distally, have 0,56-0,63 mm in length and 0,22-0,26 mm in width; their lateral boundaries are edged by a thin fold, demarcating a zoecial frame. Autozoecial orifice orbicular, measuring 0,09 mm in hight and 0,18 mm in width. The axial avicularium, proximal to the aperture (and attaining it), oriented forewards is 0,35-0,40 mm in length. Proximally to the avicularium exists a small spiramen, screen-like, 0,04-0,09 mm in diameter, perforated by 3 to 5 minute pores. The frontal surface is depressed; no ovicell observed. The apertures are only open on the frontal face; the dorsal side of the zooid is ornated with thin transversal crests, regularly distributed, parallel and equidistant, about 15 for a same zooid.
description: Published as part of D'Hondt, J. - L., 2006, The Henri Milne EDWARDS' (1800 - 1885) collection of recent and fossil bryozoa, pp. 25-38 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 38 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4523053
Assessment of the Ab Initio Bethe-Salpeter Equation Approach for the Low-Lying Excitation Energies of Bacteriochlorophylls and Chlorophylls
Creators: name: Hashemi, Zohreh
name: Leppert, Linn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bacteriochlorophyll and Chlorophyll molecules are crucial building blocks of the photosynthetic apparatus in bacteria, algae and plants. Embedded in transmembrane protein complexes, they are responsible for the primary processes of photosynthesis: excitation energy and charge transfer. Here, we use ab initio many body perturbation theory within the $GW$ approximation and Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) approach to calculate the electronic structure and optical excitations of Bacteriochlorophylls $a$, $b$, $c$, $d$ and $e$ and Chlorophylls $a$ and $b$. We systematically study the effects of structure, basis set size, partial self-consistency in $GW$, and the underlying exchange-correlation approximation, and compare our calculations with results from time-dependent density functional theory, multireference RASPT2 and experimental literature results. We find that optical excitations calculated with $GW$+BSE are in excellent agreement with experimental data, with an average deviation of less than 100\,meV for the first three bright excitations of the entire family of (Bacterio)chlorophylls. Contrary to state-of-the-art TDDFT with an optimally-tuned range-separated hybrid functional, this accuracy is achieved in a parameter-free approach. Moreover, $GW$+BSE predicts the energy differences between the low-energy excitations correctly, and eliminates spurious charge transfer states that TDDFT with (semi)local approximations is known to produce. Our study provides accurate reference results and highlights the potential of the $GW$+BSE approach for the simulation of larger pigment complexes.
Hadronic production of the $P$-wave excited $B_c$-states ($B_{cJ,L=1}^*$)
Creators: name: Chang, Chao-Hsi
name: Wang, Jian-Xiong
name: Wu, Xing-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adopting the complete $α_s^4$ approach of the perturbative QCD (pQCD) and updated parton distribution functions, we have estimated the hadronic production of $P$-wave excited $B_c$-states ($B_{cJ,L=1}^*$). In the estimate, special care on the relation of the production amplitude to the derivative of wave function at origin of the potential model is payed. For experimental references, main uncertainties are discussed, and the total cross sections and the distributions of the production with reasonable cuts at the energies of Tevatron and LHC are computed and presented. The results show that $P$-wave production may contribute to the $B_c$-meson production indirectly by a factor about 0.5 of the direct production, and with such a big cross section, it is worth further to study the possibility to observe the $P$-wave production itself experimentally.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, to replace for revising the misprints ect
Quasi-distributions for arbitrary non-commuting operators
Creators: name: Ben-Benjamin, J. S.
name: Cohen, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new approach for obtaining quantum quasi-probability distributions, $P(α,β)$, for two arbitrary operators, $\mathbf{a}$ and $\mathbf{b}$, where $α$ and $β$ are the corresponding c-variables. We show that the quantum expectation value of an arbitrary operator can always be expressed as a phase space integral over $α$ and $β$, where the integrand is a product of two terms: One dependent only on the quantum state, and the other only on the operator. In this formulation, the concepts of quasi-probability and correspondence rule arise naturally in that simultaneously with the derivation of the quasi-distribution, one obtains the generalization of the concept of correspondence rule for arbitrary operators.
description: 14 pages
Temperature Effects on the Fracture Dynamics and Elastic Properties of Popgraphene Membranes
Creators: name: Júnior, Marcelo L. Pereira
name: Júnior, Luiz A. Ribeiro
name: Brandão, Wjefferson H. S.
name: Aguiar, Acrisio L.
name: Galvão, Douglas S.
name: De Sousa, José M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2; I.6
subject: 00-XX

description: Popgraphene (PopG) is a new 2D planar carbon allotrope which is composed of $5-8-5$ carbon rings. PopG is intrinsically metallic and possesses excellent thermal and mechanical stability. In this work, we report a detailed study of the thermal effects on the mechanical properties of PopG membranes using fully-atomistic reactive (ReaxFF) molecular dynamics simulations. Our results showed that PopG presents very distinct fracture mechanisms depending on the temperature and direction of the applied stretching. The main fracture dynamics trends are temperature independent and exhibit an abrupt rupture followed by fast crack propagation. The reason for this anisotropy is due to the fact that y-direction stretching leads to a deformation in the shape of the rings that cause the breaking of bonds in the pentagon-octagon and pentagon-pentagon ring connections, which is not observed for the x-direction. PopG is less stiff than graphene membranes, but the Young's modulus value is only 15% smaller.
description: 10 pages and 4 figures
Cribrilina cryptoecium
Creators: name: D'Hondt, J. - L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Bryozoa
Gymnolaemata
Cheilostomatida
Cribrilinidae
Cribrilina
Cribrilina cryptoecium

description: 5. Cribrilina cryptoecium and Arctonula arctica
 Henri MILNE- EDWARDS has respectively referred to these species under the names of Lepralia punctata and Eschara cribraria, two taxa already existing at his epoch, but still not dismembered; so before the identification and description of the two species confounded with the previous and now designated as C. cryptoecium and A. arctica. So, I cannot consider him as author of these species, according the position adopted by PRENANT & BOBIN (1966).
description: Published as part of D'Hondt, J. - L., 2006, The Henri Milne EDWARDS' (1800 - 1885) collection of recent and fossil bryozoa, pp. 25-38 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 38 (1) on page 35, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4523053