cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Studies on plant secondary metabolites influencing pest behaviour.
Creators: name: Hick, Alastair James
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1996

description: Synthesis of both [14C-1] labelled and unlabelled non-protein amino acids has allowed investigation of the early steps of glucosinolate biosynthetic pathway in Brassica napus. Use of the [14C-1]amino acids has allowed limited characterisation of the enzymes involved in the initial oxidative decarboxylation reaction. The intermediates between the amino acid and the aldoxime have been studied by synthesis of a range of potential intermediates. Synthesis of [2H-2]homophenylalanine has allowed preliminary investigations into the intermediates by examination of the retention or loss of the label in the aldoxime product. The use of 19F NMR as a technique to examine the intermediates as they are formed in situ has been investigated with synthesis of a range of fluorine substituted amino acids and aldoximes.

Synthesis of a range of unlabelled and [14C-1] methionine homologues has allowed investigation of the enzymes involved in aliphatic glucosinolate biosynthesis. The synthesis of a range of dihomomethionine analogues, and subsequent competition assays have outlined the substrate specificity of the aliphatic enzyme, and allowed the development of a crude active site model.

The biosynthesis of thiohydroximates from aldoximes has been investigated, by examining the C-S bond cleavage which takes place during thiohydroximate formation. Investigation of these enzymes required the synthesis of the proposed intermediate, a cysteine thiohydroximate conjugate. This was accomplished using nitrile oxide methodology.

Use of regiospecific deuteration has allowed the synthesis of deuterated homophenylalanines, which will allow further investigation of the pathway. [14C-1]Dihomomethionine has been synthesised to investigate the possibility of its incorporation into 2-propenylglucosinolate.
Site-selection criteria for the Einstein Telescope
Creators: name: Amann, Florian
name: Bonsignorio, Fabio
name: Bulik, Tomasz
name: Bulten, Henk Jan
name: Cuccuru, Stefano
name: Dassargues, Alain
name: DeSalvo, Riccardo
name: Fenyvesi, Edit
name: Fidecaro, Francesco
name: Fiori, Irene
name: Giunchi, Carlo
name: Grado, Aniello
name: Harms, Jan
name: Koley, Soumen
name: Kovacs, Laszlo
name: Losurdo, Giovanni
name: Mandic, Vuk
name: Meyers, Patrick
name: Naticchioni, Luca
name: Nguyen, Frederic
name: Oggiano, Giacomo
name: Olivieri, Marco
name: Paoletti, Federico
name: Paoli, Andrea
name: Plastino, Wolfango
name: Razzano, Massimiliano
name: Ruggi, Paolo
name: Saccorotti, Gilberto
name: Sintes, Alicia M
name: Somlai, Laszlo
name: Van, Peter
name: Vasuth, Matyas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Einstein Telescope (ET) is a proposed next-generation, underground gravitational-wave (GW) detector to be based in Europe. It will provide about an order of magnitude sensitivity increase with respect to currently operating detectors, and furthermore, extend the observation band towards lower frequencies, i.e., down to about 3Hz. One of the first decisions that needs to be made is about the future ET site following an in-depth site characterization. Site evaluation and selection is a complicated process, which takes into account science, financial, political, and socio-economic criteria. In this paper, we provide an overview of the site-selection criteria for ET, provide a formalism to evaluate the direct impact of environmental noise on ET sensitivity, and outline the necessary elements of a site-characterization campaign.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures
Enrichment of Very Metal-Poor Stars with Both r-Process and s-Process Elements from 8-10 M_\odot Stars
Creators: name: Wanajo, S.
name: Nomoto, K.
name: Iwamoto, N.
name: Ishimaru, Y.
name: Beers, T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent spectroscopic studies have revealed the presence of numerous carbon-enhanced, metal-poor stars with [Fe/H] < -2.0 that exhibit strong enhancements of s-process elements. These stars are believed to be the result of a binary mass-transfer episode from a former asymptotic giant-branch (AGB) companion that underwent s-process nucleosynthesis. However, several such stars exhibit significantly lower Ba/Eu ratios than solar s-process abundances. This might be explained if there were an additional contribution from the r-process, thereby diluting the Ba/Eu ratio by extra production of Eu. We propose a model in which the double enhancements of r-process and s-process elements originate from a former 8-10 M_\odot companion in a wide binary system, which may undergo s-processing during an AGB phase, followed by r-processing during its subsequent supernova explosion. The mass of Eu (as representative of r-process elements) captured by the secondary through the wind from the supernova is estimated, which is assumed to be proportional to the geometric fraction of the secondary (low-mass, main-sequence) star with respect to the primary (exploding) star. We find that the estimated mass is in good agreement with a constraint on the Eu yield per supernova event obtained from a Galactic chemical evolution study, when the initial orbital separation is taken to be \sim 1 year. If one assumes an orbital period on the order of five years, the efficiency of wind pollution from the supernova must be enhanced by a factor of \sim 10. This may, in fact, be realized if the expansion velocity of the supernova's innermost ejecta, in which the r-process has taken place, is significantly slow, resulting in an enhancement of accretion efficiency by gravitational focusing.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, to be published in ApJ, January 2006
24/7 connectedness and its potential impact on today's physics students : Technology use, multitasking, and GenMe
Creators: name: Larkin, Teresa
name: Hein, Benjamin R.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: There is no question that the digital age is upon us. For many of us, the trans-formation to the digital age has been gradual; and, most often, welcomed. In the classroom, we have developed many useful and innovative applications technolo-gy-based pedagogies. Outside of the classroom, we use routinely rely on tech-nology to communicate with our students. However, not all of us grew up with 24/7 access to information that the internet and today’s technologies provide. Perhaps the impact of technology on those of us that teach is a bit different from the impact on our students. Many of our students today are members of the mil-lennial generation, which is sometimes referred to as Generation Me (GenMe). Members of GenMe have literally grown up with technology and the instantane-ous availability of information right at their fingertips. Computers, smart phones, iPads, and other technologies offer their users immediate access to information. Might these technologies be seen as a significant distraction to whatever the task at hand might be? Could these distractions be to blame for the perception of many in GenMe that they must multitask in order to get everything done? Might instant access to information be casting a cloud on student learning? If so, does this cloud have a silver lining? This paper addresses these and other questions through the use of a survey given to students in a second-level physics course in spring 2016. Results reveal that nearly all students feel the need to maintain this 24/7 connection using their smart phones. The impact that this level of connect-edness may have on our students will be discussed.
24/7 connectedness and its potential impact on today's physics students : Technology use, multitasking, and GenMe
Creators: name: Larkin, Teresa
name: Hein, Benjamin R.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences

description: There is no question that the digital age is upon us. For many of us, the trans-formation to the digital age has been gradual; and, most often, welcomed. In the classroom, we have developed many useful and innovative applications technolo-gy-based pedagogies. Outside of the classroom, we use routinely rely on tech-nology to communicate with our students. However, not all of us grew up with 24/7 access to information that the internet and today’s technologies provide. Perhaps the impact of technology on those of us that teach is a bit different from the impact on our students. Many of our students today are members of the mil-lennial generation, which is sometimes referred to as Generation Me (GenMe). Members of GenMe have literally grown up with technology and the instantane-ous availability of information right at their fingertips. Computers, smart phones, iPads, and other technologies offer their users immediate access to information. Might these technologies be seen as a significant distraction to whatever the task at hand might be? Could these distractions be to blame for the perception of many in GenMe that they must multitask in order to get everything done? Might instant access to information be casting a cloud on student learning? If so, does this cloud have a silver lining? This paper addresses these and other questions through the use of a survey given to students in a second-level physics course in spring 2016. Results reveal that nearly all students feel the need to maintain this 24/7 connection using their smart phones. The impact that this level of connect-edness may have on our students will be discussed.
แปลตัวเปลี่ยนตน : ข้อพิจารณาเรื่องการแปลในปรัชญาของปอล ริเกอร์
Creators: name: รชฎ สาตราวุธ
Publisher: name: สำนักงานบริหารการวิจัย นวัตกรรมและการสร้างสรรค์
Year: 2564
Subjects: การแปล
กระบวนทัศน์การแปล
ตัวตน
ความโอบอ้อมอารีทางภาษา

description: วารสารมหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร, 41, 1, 39-52
Size and shape-dependent melting mechanism of Pd nanoparticles
Creators: name: Kateb, Movaffaq
name: Azadeh, Maryam
name: Marashi, Pirooz
name: Ingvarsson, Snorri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular dynamics simulation is employed to understand the thermodynamic behavior of cuboctahedron (cub) and icosahedron (ico) nanoparticles with 2-20 number of full shells. The original embedded atom method (EAM) was compared to the more recent highly optimized version as inter-atomic potential. The thermal stability of clusters were probed using potential energy and specific heat capacity as well as structure analysis by radial distribution function, G(r), and common neighbor analysis (CNA), simultaneously, to make a comprehensive picture of the solid state and melting transitions. The result shows ico is the only stable shape of small clusters (Pd55-Pd309 using original EAM and Pd55 using optimized version) those are melting uniformly due to their small diameter. An exception is cub Pd309 modeled via optimized EAM that transforms to ico at elevated temperatures. A similar cub to ico transition was predicted by original EAM for Pd923-Pd2075 clusters while for the larger clusters both cub and ico are stable up to the melting point. As detected by G(r) and CNA, moderate and large cub clusters were showing surface melting by nucleation of the liquid phase at (100) planes and growth of liquid phase at the surface before inward growth. While diagonal (one corner to another) melting was dominating over ico clusters owing to their partitioned structure which retarded the growth of the liquid phase. The large ico cluster, using optimized EAM, presented a combination of surface and diagonal melting due to the simultaneous diagonal melting started from different corners. Finally, the melting temperature as well as latent heat of fusion were calculated and compared with available models and previous studies which showed, unlike the present result, the models failed to predict size-dependent motif crossover.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
Calibrated representations of affine Hecke algebras
Creators: name: Ram, Arun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper introduces the notion of calibrated representations for affine Hecke algebras and classifies and constructs all finite dimensional irreducible calibrated representations. The main results are that (1) irreducible calibrated representations are indexed by placed skew shapes, (2) the dimension of an irreducible calibrated representation is the number of standard Young tableaux corresponding to the placed skew shape and (3) each irreducible calibrated representation is constructed explicitly by formulas which describe the action of each generator of the affine Hecke algebra on a specific basis in the representation space. This construction is a generalization of A. Young's seminormal construction of the irreducible representations of the symmetric group. In this sense Young's construction has been generalized to arbitrary Lie type.
Comparing Different Deep Learning Architectures for Classification of Chest Radiographs
Creators: name: Bressem, Keno K.
name: Adams, Lisa
name: Erxleben, Christoph
name: Hamm, Bernd
name: Niehues, Stefan
name: Vahldiek, Janis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Chest radiographs are among the most frequently acquired images in radiology and are often the subject of computer vision research. However, most of the models used to classify chest radiographs are derived from openly available deep neural networks, trained on large image-datasets. These datasets routinely differ from chest radiographs in that they are mostly color images and contain several possible image classes, while radiographs are greyscale images and often only contain fewer image classes. Therefore, very deep neural networks, which can represent more complex relationships in image-features, might not be required for the comparatively simpler task of classifying grayscale chest radiographs. We compared fifteen different architectures of artificial neural networks regarding training-time and performance on the openly available CheXpert dataset to identify the most suitable models for deep learning tasks on chest radiographs. We could show, that smaller networks such as ResNet-34, AlexNet or VGG-16 have the potential to classify chest radiographs as precisely as deeper neural networks such as DenseNet-201 or ResNet-151, while being less computationally demanding.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Additional file 2 of High inter-observer reliability in standardized ultrasound measurements of subcutaneous adipose tissue in children aged three to six years
Creators: name: A. Kelso
name: W. Müller
name: A. Fürhapter-Rieger
name: M. Sengeis
name: H. Ahammer
name: J. M. Steinacker
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Absolute differences in SAT thickness values to the mean of the three measurements at each individual site
Learning in style the WRITE way
Creators: name: Larkin, Teresa
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: In this paper, successful approaches to teaching introductory physics students using strategies developed from a comprehensive learning style model will be discussed. Particular emphasis will be placed on the role of writing as a teaching and learning tool. The particular learning style model to be described is the Dunn and Dunn Learning Style Model. The basic elements of this learning style model will be highlighted. This model is currently being employed with non-science majors enrolled in introductory physics at American University. Two teaching approaches designed to accommodate students' learning style preferences will be shared. These approaches involve the use of student writing through folder activities and on-line discussions Ideas and approaches used to enhance student motivation and interest will also be shared. These approaches could easily be adapted for use by educators in other branches of science, as well as mathematics, engineering, and technology (SMET) education.
Unconventional superconducting states induced in a ferromagnet by a d-wave superconductor
Creators: name: Faraii, Zahra
name: Zareyan, Malek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a quasi-classical theory for the superconducting proximity effect in a ballistic ferromagnetic layer in contact with a d-wave superconductor. In agreement with recent experiments we find that the density of states oscillate around the normal state value with varying the thickness of the ferromagnetic layer. We show that the phase, the amplitude, and the period of these oscillations depend on the orientation of the superconductor. This effect reveals spatial oscillations and anisotropy of the induced superconducting correlations in the ferromagnet.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures (included)
Seis quintas trasmontanas ovuladas de outras  tantas aldeias medievais
Creators: name: Ernesto Albino Vaz
Publisher: name: Revista Memória Rural
Year: 2023

description: O processo de transformação das seis aldeias medievais em quintas não seguiu o mesmo caminho. Podemos dividir esta procedência em duas vias. A primeira agrupa a Quinta de Vila Boa de Arufe, a da Ribeira da Vila e a de Alva. As povoações de origem foram extintas ainda na Idade Média. A primeira foi apagada muito cedo. Em 1530, já tinha mudado de nome. Com todos os moradores mortos, perdera-se também a sua memória. Os novos repovoadores – cinco em 1530 – atribuíram-lhe outro.

A Quinta da Ribeira da Vila e a de Alva, omissas do numeramento de 1530, continuaram mudas na documentação histórica posterior. Somente da segunda, sabemos, nos finais do século XVII, que de todo se despovoou e arruinou, ficando somente a barca, com o seu nome. A Quinta de Clemente  Menéres e a do Prado procederam de duas aldeias – a de Vale de Miões e a da aldeia do Prado - respectivamente. Ambas saíram da Idade Média com gente, embora pouca. A primeira tinha 6 moradores em 1530 e a segunda 5. Foi durante a Idade Moderna e Contemporânea que, ficando ermas, se  transformaram em quintas. Outros lugares do concelho de Mirandela e de Vila Flor, mais debilitados demograficamente naquele ano, inverteram a queda e mantêm-se hoje. O Casal de Vale Pradinhos  é um caso especial. Derivou do ermamento de Vale de Prados e das Carvas, vizinhas. E, enquanto  a primeira, erma em 1530, voltou a ser repovoada, a segunda, com sete moradores em 1530, estava  sem ninguém em 1758.
Additional file 1 of High inter-observer reliability in standardized ultrasound measurements of subcutaneous adipose tissue in children aged three to six years
Creators: name: A. Kelso
name: W. Müller
name: A. Fürhapter-Rieger
name: M. Sengeis
name: H. Ahammer
name: J. M. Steinacker
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. SAT thickness sums excluding fibrous structured of each participant measured by the three observers
Learning in style the WRITE way
Creators: name: Larkin, Teresa
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education

description: In this paper, successful approaches to teaching introductory physics students using strategies developed from a comprehensive learning style model will be discussed. Particular emphasis will be placed on the role of writing as a teaching and learning tool. The particular learning style model to be described is the Dunn and Dunn Learning Style Model. The basic elements of this learning style model will be highlighted. This model is currently being employed with non-science majors enrolled in introductory physics at American University. Two teaching approaches designed to accommodate students' learning style preferences will be shared. These approaches involve the use of student writing through folder activities and on-line discussions Ideas and approaches used to enhance student motivation and interest will also be shared. These approaches could easily be adapted for use by educators in other branches of science, as well as mathematics, engineering, and technology (SMET) education.
Learning styles in introductory physics : Enhancing student motivation, interest, & learning
Creators: name: Larkin, Teresa
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: In this paper, successful approaches to teaching introductory physics students using strategies developed from a comprehensive learning style model will be discussed. The particular learning style model to be described is the Dunn and Dunn Learning Style Model. This model is currently being employed with non-science majors enrolled in introductory physics at American University. The basic elements of this learning style model will be highlighted. Teaching approaches designed to accommodate students' learning style preferences will be shared. These approaches include teaching and learning techniques that can be used in and out of the classroom. In particular, techniques that have been effective in teaching students in large classes will be outlined. Ideas and approaches used to enhance student motivation and interest will also be shared. These approaches can easily be adapted for use by educators in other branches of science, as well as mathematics, engineering, and technology (SMET) education.
Rotating Strings with Two Unequal Spins in Lunin-Maldacena Background
Creators: name: Ryang, Shijong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a string motion in the Lunin-Maldacena background, that is, the β-deformed AdS_5 \times \tilde{S}^5 background dual to a β-deformation of \mathcal{N} = 4 super Yang-Mills theory. For real βwe construct a rotating and wound string solution which has two unequal spins in \tilde{S}^5. The string energy is expressed in terms of the spins, the winding numbers and the deformation parameter. In the expansion of λ/J^2 with the total spin J and the string tension \sqrtλ we present ``one-loop" and ``two-loop" energy corrections. The ``one-loop" one agrees with the one-loop anomalous dimension of the corresponding gauge-theory scalar operators obtained in hep-th/0503192 from the β-deformed Bethe equation as well as the anisotropic Landau-Lifshitz equation.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX, no figures
Dysphagia Affecting Quality of Life in Cerebellar Ataxia—a Large Survey
Creators: name: Rönnefarth, M.
name: Hanisch, N.
name: Brandt, Alexander U.
name: Mähler, Anja
name: Endres, Matthias
name: Paul, Friedemann
name: Doss, Sarah
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dysphagia
subject: Cerebellar ataxia
subject: Health-related quality of life
subject: Spinocerebellar ataxia
subject: Nutrition
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Dysphagia is a common symptom in neurodegenerative disorders and is generally associated with increased mortality. In the clinical care setting of ataxia patients, no systematical and standardized assessment of dysphagia is employed. Its impact on patients’ health-related quality of life is not well understood. To assess the impact of dysphagia in ataxia patients on diet, body weight, and health-related quality of life. We conducted a large survey using self-reported questionnaires for swallowing-related quality of life (Swal-QOL) and a food frequency list in combination with retrospective clinical data of 119 patients with cerebellar ataxia treated in the neurological outpatient clinic of a large German university hospital. Seventeen percent of ataxia patients suffered from dysphagia based on the Swal-QOL score. Less than 1% of all patients reported dysphagia as one of their most disabling symptoms. Dysphagia was associated with unintentional weight loss (p = 0.02) and reduced health-related quality of life (p = 0.01) but did not affect individual nutritional habits (p > 0.05; Chi-squared test). Dysphagia is a relevant symptom in cerebellar ataxia. A systematic screening for dysphagia in patients with cerebellar ataxia would be desirable to enable early diagnosis and treatment.
Hepatocellular adenomas: is there additional value in using Gd-EOB-enhanced MRI for subtype differentiation?
Creators: name: Auer, Timo Alexander
name: Fehrenbach, Uli
name: Grieser, Christian
name: Penzkofer, Tobias
name: Geisel, Dominik
name: Schmelzle, Moritz
name: Müller, Tobias
name: Bläker, Hendrik
name: Seehofer, Daniel
name: Denecke, Timm
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Liver
subject: Magnetic resonance imaging
subject: Hepatic neoplasms
subject: Hepatocellular adenoma
subject: Gd-DTPA
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: To differentiate subtypes of hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) based on enhancement characteristics in gadoxetic acid (Gd-EOB) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and methods: Forty-eight patients with 79 histopathologically proven HCAs who underwent Gd-EOB-enhanced MRI were enrolled (standard of reference: surgical resection). Two blinded radiologists performed quantitative measurements (lesion-to-liver enhancement) and evaluated qualitative imaging features. Inter-reader variability was tested. Advanced texture analysis was used to evaluate lesion heterogeneity three-dimensionally. Results: Overall, there were 19 (24%) hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1a-mutated (HHCAs), 37 (47%) inflammatory (IHCAs), 5 (6.5%) b-catenin-activated (bHCA), and 18 (22.5%) unclassified (UHCAs) adenomas. In the hepatobiliary phase (HBP), 49.5% (39/79) of all adenomas were rated as hypointense and 50.5% (40/79) as significantly enhancing (defined as > 25% intralesional GD-EOB uptake). 82.5% (33/40) of significantly enhancing adenomas were IHCAs, while only 4% (1/40) were in the HHCA subgroup (p < 0.001). When Gd-EOB uptake behavior was considered in conjunction with established MRI features (binary regression model), the area under the curve (AUC) increased from 0.785 to 0.953 for differentiation of IHCA (atoll sign + hyperintensity), from 0.859 to 0.903 for bHCA (scar + hyperintensity), and from 0.899 to 0.957 for HHCA (steatosis + hypointensity). Three-dimensional region of interest (3D ROI) analysis showed significantly increased voxel heterogeneity for IHCAs (p = 0.038). Conclusion: Gd-EOB MRI is of added value for subtype differentiation of HCAs and reliably identifies the typical heterogeneous HBP uptake of IHCAs. Diagnostic accuracy can be improved significantly by the combined analysis of established morphologic MR appearances and intralesional Gd-EOB uptake. Key points: •Gd-EOB-enhanced MRI is of added value for subtype differentiation of HCA. •IHCA and HHCA can be identified reliably based on their typical Gd-EOB uptake patterns, and accuracy increases significantly when additionally taking established MR appearances into account. •The small numbers of bHCAs and UHCAs remain the source of diagnostic uncertainty.
Measurements of electron-proton elastic cross sections for $0.4 < Q^2 < 5.5 (GeV/c)^2$
Creators: name: Christy, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on precision measurements of the elastic cross section for electron-proton scattering performed in Hall C at Jefferson Lab. The measurements were made at 28 unique kinematic settings covering a range in momentum transfer of 0.4 $
description: 17 pages, 18 figures; text added, some figures replaced
Deep brain stimulation reduces (nocturnal) dyskinetic exacerbations in patients with ADCY5 mutation: a case series
Creators: name: Almeida Marcelino, Ana Luísa De
name: Mainka, Tina
name: Krause, Patricia
name: Poewe, Werner
name: Ganos, Christos
name: Kühn, Andrea A.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: ADCY5
subject: Hyperkinetic movement disorder
subject: Dyskinesia
subject: Deep brain stimulation
subject: Globus pallidus internus
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Mutations in the ADCY5 gene can cause a complex hyperkinetic movement disorder. Episodic exacerbations of dyskinesia are a particularly disturbing symptom as they occur predominantly during night and interrupt sleep. We present the clinical short- and long-term effects of pallidal deep brain stimulation (DBS) in three patients with a confirmed pathogenic ADCY5 mutation. Patients were implanted with bilateral pallidal DBS at the age of 34, 20 and 13 years. Medical records were reviewed for clinical history. Pre- and postoperative video files were assessed using the “Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale” (AIMS) as well as the motor part of the “Burke Fahn Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale” (BFMDRS). All patients reported subjective general improvement ranging from 40 to 60%, especially the reduction of nocturnal episodic dyskinesias (80–90%). Objective scales revealed only a mild decrease of involuntary movements in all and reduced dystonia in one patient. DBS-induced effects were sustained up to 13 years after implantation. We demonstrate that treatment with pallidal DBS was effective in reducing nocturnal dyskinetic exacerbations in patients with ADCY5-related movement disorder, which was sustained over the long term.
Giant enhancement in the thermal responsivity of microelectromechanical resonators by internal mode coupling
Creators: name: Zhang, Ya
name: Kondo, Ryoka
name: Qiu, Boqi
name: Liu, Xin
name: Hirakawa, Kazuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a giant enhancement in the thermal responsivity of the doubly-clamped GaAs microelectromechanical (MEMS) beam resonators by using the internal mode coupling effect. This is achieved by coupling the fundamental bending mode with the fundamental torsional mode of the MEMS beam resonators through the cubic Duffing nonlinearity. In the mode coupling regime, we have found that, when the input heat to the MEMS resonators is modulated at a particular frequency, the resonance frequency shift caused by heating can be enhanced by almost two orders of magnitude. The observed effect is promising for realizing high-sensitivity thermal sensing by using MEMS resonators, such as ultrasensitive terahertz detection at room temperature.
description: 5 figures
Biomass sourcing for gasifier at UBC Point Grey campus : synthesis report
Creators: name: Eaton, Ashleigh
name: Ho, Christopher
name: Karu, Christopher
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The UBC Bioenergy Research and Demonstration Project is a sustainability initiative on the UBC campus designed to help meet the University‟s sustainability goals. The project is planned to offset 5% electricity use and 12% steam use through a biomass power plant whereby woodbased fuel inputs will be converted into clean energy¹. The ultimate goal of the project is to eliminate up to 4,500 tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions per year². The scope of this engagement is to conduct comparative analysis across four different fuel sources - hog fuel, B.C. pine beetle, municipal trimmings, and construction & demolition fuel - and select a commercial vendor to ultimately supply fuel for 80% of the plant‟s operating capacity. Fuel types were analyzed across economic, environmental, and social categories. Within these categories, each of the eight vendor candidates were evaluated across 13 criteria and 16 indicators. Ultimately, it was found that construction and demolition wood ranked as the best fuel source. As such, Urban Woodwaste Recyclers is the recommended vendor for UBC‟s biomass power plant. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Designing Cyclic Universe Models
Creators: name: Khoury, Justin
name: Steinhardt, Paul J.
name: Turok, Neil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in understanding the propagation of perturbations through the transition from big crunch to big bang (esp. Tolley et al. hep-th/0306109) make it possible for the first time to consider the full set of phenomenological constraints on the scalar field potential in cyclic models of the universe. We show that cyclic models require a comparable degree of tuning to that needed for inflationary models. The constraints are reduced to a set of simple design rules including "fast-roll" parameters analogous to the "slow-roll" parameters in inflation.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Minor typos and figure corrected
Quantification of myocardial strain assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking in healthy subjects—influence of segmentation and analysis software
Creators: name: Lim, Carolin
name: Blaszczyk, Edyta
name: Riazy, Leili
name: Wiesemann, Stephanie
name: Schüler, Johannes
name: Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff, Florian Von
name: Schulz-Menger, Jeanette
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Magnetic resonance imaging
subject: Left ventricular function
subject: Software
subject: Myocard
subject: Healthy volunteers
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objectives: Quantification of myocardial deformation by feature tracking is of growing interest in cardiovascular magnetic resonance. It allows the assessment of regional myocardial function based on cine images. However, image acquisition, post-processing, and interpretation are not standardized. We aimed to assess the influence of segmentation procedure such as slice selection and different types of analysis software on values and quantification of myocardial strain in healthy adults. Methods: Healthy volunteers were retrospectively analyzed. Post-processing was performed using CVI42 and TomTec. Longitudinal and radialLong axis (LAX) strain were quantified using 4-chamber-view, 3-chamber-view, and 2-chamber-view. Circumferential and radialShort axis (SAX) strain were assessed in basal, midventricular, and apical short-axis views and using full coverage. Global and segmental strain values were compared to each other regarding their post-processing approach and analysis software package. Results: We screened healthy volunteers studied at 1.5 or 3.0 T and included 67 (age 44.3 ± 16.3 years, 31 females). Circumferential and radialSAX strain values were different between a full coverage approach vs. three short slices (− 17.6 ± 1.8% vs. − 19.2 ± 2.3% and 29.1 ± 4.8% vs. 34.6 ± 7.1%). Different analysis software calculated significantly different strain values. Within the same vendor, different field strengths (− 17.0 ± 2.1% at 1.5 T vs. − 17.0 ± 1.7% at 3 T, p = 0.845) did not influence the calculated global longitudinal strain (GLS), and were similar in gender (− 17.4 ± 2.0% in females vs. − 16.6 ± 1.8% in males, p = 0.098). Circumferential and radial strain were different in females and males (circumferential strain − 18.2 ± 1.7% vs. − 17.1 ± 1.8%, p = 0.029 and radial strain 30.7 ± 4.7% vs. 27.8 ± 4.6%, p = 0.047). Conclusions: Myocardial deformation assessed by feature tracking depends on segmentation procedure and type of analysis software. CircumferentialSAX and radialSAX depend on the number of slices used for feature tracking analysis. As known from other imaging modalities, GLS seems to be the most stable parameter. During follow-up studies, standardized conditions should be warranted. Trial registration: Retrospectively registered
Learning styles in introductory physics : Enhancing student motivation, interest, & learning
Creators: name: Larkin, Teresa
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education

description: In this paper, successful approaches to teaching introductory physics students using strategies developed from a comprehensive learning style model will be discussed. The particular learning style model to be described is the Dunn and Dunn Learning Style Model. This model is currently being employed with non-science majors enrolled in introductory physics at American University. The basic elements of this learning style model will be highlighted. Teaching approaches designed to accommodate students' learning style preferences will be shared. These approaches include teaching and learning techniques that can be used in and out of the classroom. In particular, techniques that have been effective in teaching students in large classes will be outlined. Ideas and approaches used to enhance student motivation and interest will also be shared. These approaches can easily be adapted for use by educators in other branches of science, as well as mathematics, engineering, and technology (SMET) education.
Impact of interventionalist’s experience and gender on radiation dose and procedural time in CT-guided interventions—a retrospective analysis of 4380 cases over 10 years
Creators: name: Theilig, Dorothea
name: Mayerhofer, Anna
name: Petschelt, David
name: Elkilany, Aboelyazid
name: Hamm, Bernd
name: Gebauer, Bernhard
name: Geisel, Dominik
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Tomography x-ray computed
subject: Radiology interventional
subject: Risk factors
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objectives: To investigate the impact of the interventionalist's experience and gender on radiation dose and procedural time in CT-guided interventions. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 4380 CT-guided interventions performed at our institution with the same CT scanner from 2009 until 2018, 1287 (29%) by female and 3093 (71%) by male interventionalists. Radiation dose, number of CT fluoroscopy images taken per intervention, total procedural time, type of intervention, and degree of difficulty were derived from the saved dose reports and images. All 16 interventionalists included in this analysis performed their first CT-guided interventions during the study period, and interventions performed by each interventionalist were counted to assess the level of experience for each intervention in terms of the number of prior interventions performed by her or him. The Mann-Whitney U test (MWU test), multivariate regression, and linear mixed model analysis were performed. Results: Assessment of the impact of gender with the MWU test revealed that female interventionalists took a significantly smaller number of images (p < 0.0001) and achieved a lower dose-length product per intervention (p < 0.0001) while taking more time per intervention (p = 0.0001). This finding was confirmed for most types of interventions when additionally accounting for other possible impact factors in multivariate regression analysis. In linear mixed model analysis, we found that radiation dose, number of images taken per intervention, and procedural time decreased statistically significantly with interventionalist's experience. Conclusions: Radiation doses of CT-guided interventions are reduced by interventionalist's experience and, for most types of interventions, when performed by female interventionalists. Key points: • Radiation doses in CT-guided interventions are lower when performed by female interventionalists. • Procedural times of CT-guided interventions are longer when performed by female interventionalists. • Radiation doses of CT-guided interventions decrease with the interventionalist's experience.
Disease detection in high-dimensional low sample size medical data
Creators: name: Zhou, Qinghua
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Deep learning has brought a new age of advancements for Artificial Intelligence. Data-orient modelling paired with computational power brings amazing performance to targeted tasks in computer vision. However, contrary to the hopes of practitioners, real-world data often fails to meet the size (n) or dimensionality (d) ideal for deep learning: high dimensionality is prevalent, and sample sizes are often small. This high-dimensional low-sample size scenario (HLDS) is prevalent and more extreme in medical datasets, where the dimensionality can be not only bigger d > n (in normal HDLS setting) but much bigger than the available sample size, d ≫ n. This scenario presents a major obstacle between research and application. This thesis presents our research on disease detection in HDLS medical data from the approaches of (1) combination of multiple learners, (2) the use of less data and annotations, and (3) learning with existing basis.
The first component explores combining information from a set of supervised models. In this premise, a novel committee learning method is proposed that reformulates ensemble learning as a multiple-instance learning problem, which can be solved with attention-pooling mechanisms. The method offers performance benefits to HDLS datasets and broadly applies to committee learning. The second component explores the utilisation of weakly annotated data. An empirical framework is proposed for localising disease regions and generating pseudo data for enhancement. Its performance is demonstrated for anomaly localisation and enhancement of a range of segmentation models. The third component explores a theoretical framework for understanding learning from HDLS data. Under this framework, empirical verification is provided for theoretical properties, leading to developments in simple linear and complex neuromorphic methods for semi-supervised, continual and few-shot learning. Overall, we tackled the extreme HDLS scenario of multiple medical datasets from three perspectives: committee learning, weak-supervised learning and continual/few-shot learning.
Aviation noise perception after COVID-19
Creators: name: Collective Work
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: covid-19
aviation noise
noise perception

description: This slides have been introduced during a webinar organized by ANIMA on June 2020 in order to anticipate possible reactions to a eventual resumption of air traffic and to associated noise. Webinar's record may be watched here https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kTK5kKFT6fY
Dirac Particle with Memory: Proper Time Non-Locality
Creators: name: Tarasov, Vasily E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalization of the standard model of Dirac particle in external electromagnetic field is proposed. In the generalization we take into account interactions of this particle with environment, which is described by the memory function. This function takes into account that the behavior of the particle at proper time can depend not only at the present time, but also on the history of changes on finite time interval. In this case the Dirac particle can be considered an open quantum system with non-Markovian dynamics. The violation of the semigroup property of dynamic maps is a characteristic property of dynamics with memory. We use the Fock-Schwinger proper time method and derivatives of non-integer orders with respect to proper time. The fractional differential equation, which describes the Dirac particle with memory, and the expression of its exact solution are suggested. The asymptotic behavior of the proposed solutions is described.
description: LaTeX, 20 pages
Learning styles : Application in the physics and engineering classrooms
Creators: name: Larkin, Teresa
name: Budny, Dan D.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Several approaches to teaching undergraduate physics and engineering students using both the Dunn and Dunn and the Kolb learning style models are discussed. The Dunn and Dunn learning style model is employed with nonmajors enrolled in introductory physics at American University and the Kolb learning style model is employed with freshman engineering students at Purdue University. The basic elements of these two learning style models are compared and contrasted. Teaching approaches that have been successful with these two distinctly different populations of students are shared. These approaches can easily be adapted for use by educators in other branches of computing as well as science, mathematics, engineering and technology education.
Study of the decay rates of the umbral area of sunspot groups by using a high resolution database
Creators: name: Muraközy, Judit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emergence and decay of the sunspot groups are important components of the solar dynamo models. There are two different types of studies on the evolution of active regions. One of them is based on fewer data with higher spatial resolution, the other one uses more data with lower spatial resolution. The input data of the present study allow the investigation with high-resolution both spatially and temporally. The temporal resolution of the SoHO Debrecen Sunspot Database (SDD) is one and a half hours, and it also makes possible to identify all individual sunspots with the position, area, and magnetic polarity. More than 200 sunspot groups have been selected, which have clear maxima on the solar disc, and the decrease of their umbral area is observable during at least four days. The decay rates were calculated by using two data: the umbral area and the number of contained sunspots -- these decay rates were computed for the total umbral area of sunspot groups and their leading and following parts. The decay rate has a linear area dependency, and it is higher for the following part than for the leading one.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in the ApJ