Berndtia haradai Chan & Kolbasov & Hirose & Mezaki & Suwa 2014, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Chan, Benny K. K.
name: Kolbasov, Gregory A.
name: Hirose, Mamiko
name: Mezaki, T.
name: Suwa, R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Maxillopoda
Pygophora
Lithoglyptidae
Berndtia
Berndtia haradai

description: Berndtia haradai sp. nov.   
(Figures 2B, 3I, 9–12, 22B, 23B)   Materials examined   
 Holotype. SMBL Type 462, one specimen, bored in the coral Psammocora superficialis, Tanabe Bay, Wakayama, Japan. 01 Aug 2010, depth 10 m. Paratype. SMBL Type 463, two specimens, same data as holotype. CEL-Acro-515-519, five specimens, bored in the coral Psammocora profundacella, Zanpa, Okinawa, Japan, 4 May 2012, depth 10 m.    Diagnosis   
 Female. Operculum wide, oval shaped, composed of a pair of massive opercular bars. When alive, the opercular bars pale blue with two pairs of small, symmetrical irregular shaped black colourations, located at the anterior and middle parts. The posterior lobes of the operculum very small, depressed, not protruded and with dense setae along posterior margin. Lateral margins of the opercular bars with short serrated (mostly triple-pointed) teeth. Outer surfaces of the opercular bars with small, rare spherical nodules, without long setae. Thorax without two ventral conical processes. Burrows in Psammocora corals.    Description   
Female. Burrow opening wide oval shaped, well fitted with the operculum shape. Operculum wide oval shaped, with a pair of massive opercular bars, separated by a straight occludent slit. When alive, the opercular bars pale blue with two pairs of small, symmetrical irregular shaped black colourations, located at the anterior and middle parts (Figure 3I). Outer surface of the opercular bars concaved, their anterior and posterior ends separated by deep notches from the mantle (Figure 9A, K). Outer surface of the opercular bars with numerous small spherical nodules and short simple setae (Figure 9A, B). Lateral margins of the opercular bars with small, serrated (mostly triple-pointed) teeth (Figure 9C, D). Posterior lobes of operculum very small, slightly swollen and non-protruded, with simple setae along the posterior margin (Figures 9F, K, L, 10A, 23B). The occludent margins of the opercular bars have numerous short simple setae and the comb collar (in posterior half) comprises villous setiform protrusions, extending towards the posterior region and terminating at the posterior lobes of operculum (Figure 9A, G, H). The lateral surfaces of the operculum are equipped with numerous sharp single pointed teeth, dense rows of massive multifid (ctenoid) scales and simple setae (Figure 9J, L). Mantle sac yellowish and with sparsely distributed bifid, trifid and quadrifid teeth on the surface (Figure 9I, M, N). Orificial knob and lateral bars absent.  
Mouth cirri with short rami, anterior ramus six-segmented longer than fivesegmented posterior ramus, both rami with long setulated and serrate setae (Figures 10B, 12C–F). Labrum saddle-shaped, bullate, with convex upper edge armed with developed dorsal process, horseshoe-shaped anterior edge smooth, lateral surfaces bear sparse long simple setae, dense rows of multifid ctenoid scales cover lateral surfaces and dorsal process (Figures 10C, 11A, B). Distal part of mandibular palp trapezoid, elongated, narrow, with dense long simple setae on tip and sparse simple shorter setae on both anterior and posterior margins (Figures 10D, 11C). Mandible with three teeth excluding the inferior angle, first biggest upper tooth separated from the other lower teeth, lower margin beneath third tooth with two small sharp denticles and inferior angle ended in four large massive denticles, lateral surfaces in lower half of blade with tufts of dense short biserrated setae (Figures 10E, F, 11D, E). Maxillule double notched, with a larger upper notch (one-quarter of total length of the cutting edge) and a smaller lower notch (onesixth of total length of the cutting edge) (Figures 10G, 11F). Two large cuspidate and two small setae above the larger notch (Figure 11G), a cluster of five sharp setae inserted on the cutting edge between upper and lower notches (Figures 10G, 11F). Sparse biserrated setae on lateral surfaces along the cutting edge of the maxillule (Figure 11F, G). Maxilla subtriangular, with dense simple setae on outer margin and tip and with short and sparse serrate setae on inner margin (Figures 10H, 11H).  
Thorax with five pairs of biramous terminal cirri, no conical ventral processes observed (Figure12A, B). Annuli of terminal cirri normally with single distal serrate seta on posterior margin (on each second – fourth annulus) and paired long distal and small middle setae with fine setules on anterior margin (Figure 12G, H).   Dwarf males   
One to three dwarf males can be occasionally found attached to the exterior of female mantle sac or to the walls of the burrow. Males elongated, tadpole shaped, and with an enlarged globular terminal ampulla on short stalk at the posterior end. Some opaque reddish purple granules were found at the middle of the elongated body, which believed to be remnants of the cypris eyes, attachment cypris antennules without stalk (Figure 22B).   Etymology   
 The species named in the honour of late Prof. I. Harada in Seto Marine Laboratory, who also initiated diversity studies of the Berndtia in Japan.    Distribution   
 At present, only recorded Wakayama, Japan and Okinawa, Japan. Subtidal, in Psammocora corals.    Comparison   
 (Table 1) Berndtia haradai is similar to B. purpurea in having small, not developed posterior lobes of operculum (Figure 23B), simple, blunt nodules of the outer surface of the opercular bars. However, B. haradai differs from B. purpurea in having more sparse nodules of the opercular bars, two-notched cutting edge of maxillules and larger terminal ampulla without stalk of the dwarf male (Figures 22A, D, 23B, C, F, G). Berndtia denticulata sp. nov. and B. nodosa also possess small, not developed posterior lobes of the opercular bars. Berndtia haradai differs from these species in having small, simple blunt, instead of noticeable rosette or sharp nodules on outer surface of the opercular bars. Berndtia haradai differs from B. utinomii sp. nov. and B. fossata by absence of developed posterior lobes of operculum. In addition, it differs from B. utinomii sp. nov. by absence of ventral conical processes of the thorax and from B. fossata by absence of multiserrated teeth on lateral margins of the opercular bars.
description: Published as part of Chan, Benny K. K., Kolbasov, Gregory A., Hirose, Mamiko, Mezaki, T. & Suwa, R., 2014, Biodiversity and biogeography of the coral boring barnacles of the genus Berndtia (Cirripedia: Acrothoracica) in the West Pacific, with description of three new species, pp. 1503-1541 in Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) (J. Nat. Hist.) 48 (25 - 26) on pages 1516-1522, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2014.896488, http://zenodo.org/record/5193782