cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Categorical aspects of toric topology
Creators: name: Panov, Taras
name: Ray, Nigel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55U35, 57R91 (Primary); 57N65, 55P35 (Secondary)

description: We argue for the addition of category theory to the toolkit of toric topology, by surveying recent examples and applications. Our case is made in terms of toric spaces X_K, such as moment-angle complexes Z_K, quasitoric manifolds M, and Davis-Januszkiewicz spaces DJ(K). We first exhibit X_K as the homotopy colimit of a diagram of spaces over the small category cat(K), whose objects are the faces of a finite simplicial complex K and morphisms their inclusions. Then we study the corresponding cat(K)-diagrams in various algebraic Quillen model categories, and interpret their homotopy colimits as algebraic models for X_K. Such models encode many standard algebraic invariants, and their existence is assured by the Quillen structure. We provide several illustrative calculations, often over the rationals, including proofs that quasitoric manifolds (and various generalisations) are rationally formal; that the rational Pontrjagin ring of the loop space ΩDJ(K) is isomorphic to the quadratic dual of the Stanley-Reisner algebra Q[K] for flag complexes K; and that DJ(K) is coformal precisely when K is flag. We conclude by describing algebraic models for the loop space ΩDJ(K) for any complex K, which mimic our previous description as a homotopy colimit of topological monoids.
description: 30 pages, LaTeX2e; minor changes in v2
Additional file 6 of MR CLEAN-NO IV: intravenous treatment followed by endovascular treatment versus direct endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke caused by a proximal intracranial occlusion—study protocol for a randomized clinical trial
Creators: name: Treurniet, Kilian M.
name: LeCouffe, Natalie E.
name: Kappelhof, Manon
name: Emmer, Bart J.
name: Es, Adriaan C. G. M. Van
name: Jelis Boiten
name: Lycklama, Geert J.
name: Keizer, Koos
name: Yo, Lonneke S. F.
name: Lingsma, Hester F.
name: Zwam, Wim H. Van
name: Ridder, Inger De
name: Oostenbrugge, Robert J. Van
name: Lugt, Aad Van Der
name: Dippel, Diederik W. J.
name: Coutinho, Jonathan M.
name: Roos, Yvo B. W. E. M.
name: Majoie, Charles B. L. M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6. Informed consent materials.
Verbessertes Beölungssystem für „Nasse Bremsen“ im Traktor
Creators: name: Hafer, Martin
name: AI-Deen, Hissam
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1999

description: Bei höheren Traktorgeschwindigkeiten, und damit höheren Bremsscheibendrehzahlen kommt es zu einer dramatischen Verschlechterung der Beölungssituation der Bremsscheibe. Die Ölströmung in den Nuten wird so schnell, dass eine größere Ölmenge abgeführt wird, als nachfließen kann. Dies führt dazu, dass ein Öl-Luft-Gemisch durch die Nuten des Bremsbelages fließt. Beim Bremsen tritt stellenweise Trockenreibung auf. Dies kann unter Umständen zu „Hot Spots“ an Kolben und Anlaufscheibe und zum Verglasen des Bremsbelages oder zu Bremsbelagverschleiß führen. Eine bessere Beölung wird durch Drosselung des Ölrücklaufs durch eine gezielt dimensionierte Ölrücklaufbohrung erreicht.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 54 Nr. 1 (1999)
Towards Minimal Resources of Measurement-based Quantum Computation
Creators: name: Perdrix, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We improve the upper bound on the minimal resources required for measurement-based quantum computation. Minimizing the resources required for this model is a key issue for experimental realization of a quantum computer based on projective measurements. This new upper bound allows also to reply in the negative to the open question about the existence of a trade-off between observable and ancillary qubits in measurement-based quantum computation.
description: 8 pages
FC-07: Study of α"-phase Fe16X2-nYn (X,Y=N, C) Alloys by Molecular Dynamics Modeling
Creators: Jianxin Zhu
Jian-Ping Wang
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Soft Magnetic Materials III: Crystalline Alloys
Research and development of soft magnetic materials without critical elements has gained a great deal of attention recently. Minnealloy, α"-phase Fe16(NxC1-x)2, is one of promising candidates along this direction [1,2,3]. Theoretical calculation for this composition and its crystalline structure and lattice has been highly desirable to further advance the experimental effort. In fact, the level of 3d-orbital hybridization has strong dependence of interatomic distance between different Wycoff Fe positions (4d, 4e and 8h) to N atoms in α"-Fe16N2 [4]. Most of the DFT simulations commonly use the experimentally obtained Fe16N2 lattice structure as the starting point for study of Fe16X2 when X is non-N element. This may introduce inaccuracy as the starting lattice may not represent a global minimum state of the lattice to be studied. In this paper, we investigated crystal structures of α"-phase Fe16N2, Fe16C2 and the ternary alloy Fe16X2-nYn (X, Y=N, C) using the energy minimization method based on the Molecular Dynamics (MD) modeling package. With a set of hybrid Fe-C and Fe-N Modified-Embedded Atom Method (MEAM) interatomic potentials and a designed structure energy minimization process, where the possible local energy minimum states were searched and evaluated to find the global lowest energy state, the mechanical-relaxed crystal lattices for these compositions were obtained and decided. Further atomic-level energy analysis on the minimum state lattice shows the relationship of atomic potential vs. their spatial locations with regards to X and Y atoms.References: [1] Md Mehedi et al., “Minnealloy: a new magnetic material with high saturation flux density and low magnetic anisotropy,” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 50., 37LT01 (2017) [2] X.W. Zhang and J. P. Wang, “High saturation magnetization and low magnetic anisotropy Fe-CN martensite thin film “, Appl. Phys. Lett. 114, 152401 (2019). [3] G. Guo, J. Liu, and J. P. Wang, “Carbon and Microstructure Effects on the Magnetic Properties of Fe–CN Soft Magnetic Materials (Minnealloy)”, TMS 2020 149th Annual Meeting & Exhibition Supplemental Proceedings. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham. pp 1841–1852. [4] N. Ji, X. Liu, and J.-P. Wang, “Cluster + Atom model: Theory of giant saturation magnetization in α”-Fe16N2: role of partial localization in ferromagnetism of 3d transition metals,” N. J. Phys., 12 063032 (2010).
Neuer Mähdrescher­Reinigungsversuchsstand
Creators: name: Stoll, Albert
name: Heinz Dieter, Yuanguo Zhao
name: Kutzbach
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1999

description: Großmähdrescher sind heute mit zahlreichen rotierenden Trennelementen im Dreschwerk und zum Teil auch für die Restkornabscheidung ausgerüstet. Diese zerkleinern das Stroh stärker, was die Reinigungsanlage belastet und zu höheren Kornverlusten führt. Die Reinigungsanlage stellt deswegen besonders unter trockenen Erntebedingungen den Durchsatzengpass dar und begrenzt die Leistungsfähigkeit der Maschine. In Hohenheim wurde ein Grundlagenversuchsstand zur Durchführung von Reinigungsuntersuchungen entwickelt. Mit ihm kann das Zusammenwirken von Vorbereitungsboden, Fallstufen, Sieb und Luftrührung unter dem Sieb untersucht werden.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 54 Nr. 1 (1999)
Die Bedeutung ökologischer Fragestellungen für die Gewerkschaftsprogrammatik der 80er Jahre: Ein Deutsch-Französischer Vergleich
Creators: name: Menne, Claudia
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Die Bedeutung ökologischer Fragestellungen für die Gewerkschaftsprogrammatik der 80er Jahre: Ein Deutsch-Französischer Vergleich" of MTS 14 (1993).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 14 (1993): Forschungen zur Arbeiterschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Frankreich
Unusual upper critical fields of the topological nodal-line semimetal candidate Sn$_{x}$NbSe$_{2-δ}$
Creators: name: Munir, Riffat
name: Siddiquee, K A M Hasan
name: Dissanayake, Charuni
name: Hu, Xinzhe
name: Takano, Yasumasa
name: Choi, Eun Sang
name: Nakajima, Yasuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report superconductivity in Sn$_{x}$NbSe$_{2-δ}$, a topological nodal-line semimetal candidate with a noncentrosymmetric crystal structure. The superconducting transition temperature $T_{c}$ of this compound is extremely sensitive to Sn concentration $x$ and Se deficiency $δ$, 5.0 K for Sn$_{0.13}$NbSe$_{1.70}$ and 8.6 K for Sn$_{0.14}$NbSe$_{1.71}$ and Sn$_{0.15}$NbSe$_{1.69}$. In all samples, the temperature dependence of the upper critical field $H_{c2}(T)$ differs from the prediction of the Werthamer-Helfand-Hohenberg theory. While the zero-temperature value of the in-plane upper critical field of Sn$_{x}$NbSe$_{2-δ}$ with the higher $T_{c}$ is lower than the Pauli paramagnetic limit $H_{P}$, that of the lower $T_{c}$ sample exceeds $H_{P}$ by a factor of $\sim$2. Our observations suggest that odd-parity contribution dominates the superconducting gap function of Sn$_{x}$NbSe$_{2-δ}$, and it can be fine-tuned by the Sn concentration and Se deficiency.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Ernte und Konservierung von Hanf
Creators: name: Idler, Christine
name: Ehlert, Detlef
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1999

description: Hanf besitzt von Natur aus eine große Variabilität in seinen Eigenschaften und ist als wertvoller Rohstoff vielseitig einsetzbar. Die traditionelle Hanfverarbeitung ist arbeitsaufwendig und der Erfolg stark von der Feldröste abhängig. Häckselt man den Hanf und lagert ihn anschließend anaerob, wird für den landwirtschaftlichen Betrieb das Witterungsrisikoumgangen und der Arbeitsaufwand sinkt deutlich. Zur Ernte und Einlagerung können vorhandene Maschinen für die Gärfutterbereitung genutzt werden. Eine verderbfreie Lagerung ist bis zur nächsten Ernte möglich. Die Sorten Solotonoschskaja 15 und Felina 34 sind für die feuchte Konservierung besonders geeignet.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 54 Nr. 1 (1999)
Entstehung und Wandel der französischen Arbeiterschaft im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert
Creators: name: Noiriel, Gérard
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Entstehung und Wandel der französischen Arbeiterschaft im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert" of MTS 14 (1993).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 14 (1993): Forschungen zur Arbeiterschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Frankreich
Are local ULIRGs powered by AGN? The sub-kpc view of the 220 GHz continuum. PUMA II
Creators: name: Pereira-Santaella, M.
name: Colina, L.
name: García-Burillo, S.
name: Lamperti, I.
name: González-Alfonso, E.
name: Perna, M.
name: Arribas, S.
name: Alonso-Herrero, A.
name: Aalto, S.
name: Combes, F.
name: Labiano, A.
name: Piqueras-López, J.
name: Rigopoulou, D.
name: van der Werf, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze high-resolution (400pc) 220GHz continuum and CO(2-1) ALMA observations of a representative sample of 23 local (z<0.165) ULIRG systems (34 individual nuclei) as part of the "Physics of ULIRGs with MUSE and ALMA" (PUMA) project. The deconvolved half-light radii of the 220GHz continuum sources are between <60-350 pc (median 90pc). We associate these regions with the regions emitting the bulk of the infrared luminosity. The good agreement, within a factor of 2, between the 220GHz fluxes and the extrapolation of the infrared gray-body, and the small synchrotron and free-free contributions support this assumption. The cold molecular gas emission sizes, r_CO, are 60-700 pc and are similar in advanced mergers and early interacting systems. On average, r_CO are 2.5 times larger than the continuum. We derive L_IR and cold molecular gas surface densities: log Sigma(L_IR)=11.5-14.3 Lsun/kpc^2 and log Sigma(H2)=2.9-4.2 Msun/pc^2. Assuming that the L_IR is produced by star-formation, this corresponds to median Sigma(SFR)=2500 Msun/yr/kpc^2 which would imply extremely short depletion times, <1-15 Myr, and unphysical SF efficiencies >1 for 70% of the sample. Therefore, this favors the presence of obscured AGN that could dominate the L_IR. We also classify the ULIRG nuclei in two groups: (a) compact nuclei (r<130 pc) with high mid-IR excess emission found in optically classified AGN; and (b) nuclei following a relation with decreasing mid-IR excess for decreasing r. 60% of the interacting nuclei lie in the low end (<130 pc) of this relation, while only 30% of the advanced mergers do so, suggesting that in the early interaction phases the activity occurs in more compact and obscured regions. About two thirds of the nuclei are above the Eddington limit which is consistent with the detection of massive outflows in local ULIRGs and the potential role of radiation pressure in the launching process.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Die tschechische Historiographie zur Sozialgeschichte der böhmischen Länder (1526-1848) vor und nach dem Jahre 1989: Versuch einer ersten Bilanz
Creators: name: Štaif, Jiří
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Die tschechische Historiographie zur Sozialgeschichte der böhmischen Länder (1526-1848) vor und nach dem Jahre 1989: Versuch einer ersten Bilanz" of MTS 23 (2000).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 23 (2000): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
The Historiography of the British Communist Party: Further Considerations and a Response to John McIlroy and Alan Campbell
Creators: name: Morgan, Kevin
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: This is the contribution "The Historiography of the British Communist Party: Further Considerations and a Response to John McIlroy and Alan Campbell" of MTS 31 (2004).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 31 (2004): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Die "Gewerkschaftselite" Konferenzbericht der Tagung: "Die Gewerkschaftselite der Nachkriegszeit - Prägung, Funktion, Leitbilder", Bochum, Januar 2004
Creators: name: Remeke, Stefan
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: This is the contribution "Die "Gewerkschaftselite" Konferenzbericht der Tagung: "Die Gewerkschaftselite der Nachkriegszeit - Prägung, Funktion, Leitbilder", Bochum, Januar 2004" of MTS 31 (2004).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 31 (2004): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Kampf für die Republik: Eine Neuinterpretation der Ruhrkrise 1923/24. Conan Fischer: The Ruhr Crisis, 1923-1924
Creators: name: Kössler, Till
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: Conan Fischer: The Ruhr Crisis, 1923-1924, Oxford: Oxford University Press 2003.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 31 (2004): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Eine neue Biographie Karl Radeks
Creators: name: Tosstorff, Reiner
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: Jean-François Fayet, Karl Radek (1885–1939). Biographie politique (L’Europe et les Europes 19e et 20e siècles, Vol. 4), Bern et. al. 2004, 813 S., 77,40 €
description: Moving the Social, Vol 36 (2006): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Herausforderung für die politische Kultur der Demokratie
Creators: name: Grebing, Helga
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: Peter Hurrelbrink: Der 8. Mai 1945 – Befreiung durch Erinnerung. Ein Gedenktag und seine Bedeutung für das politisch-kulturelle Selbstverständnis in Deutschland. Mit einem Vorwort von Gesine Schwan. Bonn (Verlag J.H.W. Dietz) 2005, 411 S., kart., 24.00 €
description: Moving the Social, Vol 36 (2006): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Wirtschaft und Politik im Wechselspiel
Creators: name: Rudolph, Karsten
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: Peter Danylow / Ulrich S. Soénius (Hg.): Otto Wolff.
Ein Unternehmen zwischen Wirtschaft und Politik
description: Moving the Social, Vol 36 (2006): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
การลดลงของกำลังไฟฟ้าสูงสุดของแผงเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์ที่เกิดจากความต้านทานภายใน
Creators: name: ณัฐวุฒิ ขาวสะอาด
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2556
Subjects: กำลังไฟฟ้าสูงสุด, แผงเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์, ความต้านทานภายใน

description: 5, 32, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
A Spitzer census of the IC 348 nebula
Creators: name: Muench, August A.
name: Lada, Charles J.
name: Luhman, K. L.
name: Muzerolle, James
name: Young, Erick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Spitzer based census of the IC 348 nebula and embedded star cluster. Our Spitzer census supplemented by ground based spectra has added 42 class II T-Tauri sources to the cluster membership and identified ~20 class 0/I protostars. The population of IC 348 likely exceeds 400 sources after accounting statistically for unidentified diskless members. Our Spitzer census of IC 348 reveals a population of protostars that is anti-correlated spatially with the T-Tauri members, which comprise the centrally condensed cluster around a B star. The protostars are instead found mostly at the cluster periphery about 1 pc from the B star and spread out along a filamentary ridge. We find that the star formation rate in this protostellar ridge is consistent with that rate which built the exposed cluster while the presence of fifteen cold, starless, millimeter cores intermingled with this protostellar population indicates that the IC 348 nebula has yet to finish forming stars. We show that the IC 348 cluster is of order 3-5 crossing times old, and, as evidenced by its smooth radial profile and confirmed mass segregation, is likely relaxed. While it seems apparent that the current cluster configuration is the result of dynamical evolution and its primordial structure has been erased, our findings support a model where embedded clusters are built up from numerous smaller sub-clusters. Finally, the results of our Spitzer census indicate that the supposition that star formation must progress rapidly in a dark cloud should not preclude these observations that show it can be relatively long lived.
description: Accepted to AJ; 33 pages in emulateapj format.
การจ่ายโหลดที่เหมาะสมด้วยวิธีการแลมป์ด้าร่วมกับวิธีการเคลื่อนตัวของฝูงอนุภาค
Creators: name: พัฒนะ อิงคะวะระ
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2556
Subjects: การจ่ายโหลดอย่างประหยัด, การประยุกต์ฝูงอนุภาคในการหาค่าเหมาะสม, การวิเคราะห์การไหลของกำลังไฟฟ้า

description: 5, 32, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Virasoro versus superintegrability. Gaussian Hermitian model
Creators: name: Mironov, A.
name: Mishnyakov, V.
name: Morozov, A.
name: Rashkov, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relation between the Virasoro constraints and KP integrability (determinant formulas) for matrix models is a lasting mystery. We elaborate on the claim that the situation is improved when integrability is enhanced to super-integrability, i.e. to explicit formulas for Gaussian averages of characters. In this case, the Virasoro constraints are equivalent to simple recursive formulas, which have appropriate combinations of characters as their solutions. Moreover, one can easily separate dependence on the size of matrix, and deduce superintegrability from the Virasoro constraints. We describe one of the ways to do so for the Gaussian Hermitian matrix model. The result is a spectacularly elegant reformulation of Virasoro constraints as identities for the Schur functions evaluated at appropriate loci in the space of time-variables.
description: 6 pages
Anatomy of the binary black hole recoil: A multipolar analysis
Creators: name: Schnittman, Jeremy D.
name: Buonanno, Alessandra
name: van Meter, James R.
name: Baker, John G.
name: Boggs, William D.
name: Centrella, Joan
name: Kelly, Bernard J.
name: McWilliams, Sean T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multipolar analysis of the gravitational recoil computed in recent numerical simulations of binary black hole (BH) coalescence, for both unequal masses and non-zero, non-precessing spins. We show that multipole moments up to and including l=4 are sufficient to accurately reproduce the final recoil velocity (within ~2%) and that only a few dominant modes contribute significantly to it (within ~5%). We describe how the relative amplitudes, and more importantly, the relative phases, of these few modes control the way in which the recoil builds up throughout the inspiral, merger, and ringdown phases. We also find that the numerical results can be reproduced by an ``effective Newtonian'' formula for the multipole moments obtained by replacing the radial separation in the Newtonian formulae with an effective radius computed from the numerical data. Beyond the merger, the numerical results are reproduced by a superposition of three Kerr quasi-normal modes (QNMs). Analytic formulae, obtained by expressing the multipole moments in terms of the fundamental QNMs of a Kerr BH, are able to explain the onset and amount of ``anti-kick'' for each of the simulations. Lastly, we apply this multipolar analysis to help explain the remarkable difference between the amplitudes of planar and non-planar kicks for equal-mass spinning black holes.
description: 28 pages, 20 figures, submitted to PRD; v2: minor revisions from referee report
VP13-08: A Novel Hybrid Magnetic Material Based Three-phase Saturated Core Fault Current Limiter
Creators: Jiaxin YUAN
Yudong SUN
Wanting ZHANG
and Hang ZHOU;
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Soft Magnetic Materials II: Amorphous and Nanocrystalline Materials
1 Introduction Silicon steels, as one of the conventional soft magnetic materials, play a crucial role in the iron core of three-phase saturated core fault current limiters (TSFCLs). However, silicon steels have a high saturation point, requiring TSFCLs to use high DC excitation [1]. Additionally, the slope change rate of the B-H curve is small, resulting in a slow fault response speed. Moreover, the demagnetization permeability is also low, leading to poor current limiting performance. Nanocrystalline alloys [2] exhibit better performance in certain aspects but have weaker fault tolerance. Taking into account the characteristics of both materials, this paper proposes a novel hybrid magnetic material based TSFCL (HMTFCL). 2 Working Principle As shown in Fig.1, the magnetomotive force (MMF) generated by the DC coils aligns with the direction of the permanent magnets, leading to deep saturation of the six limbs. In each phase, the AC MMF and DC MMF have the same direction in one limb and opposite directions in another limb. Since the rated AC is small, neither limbs will experience demagnetization. So the equivalent inductance of the AC coils remains minimal and has negligible impact on system. During faults, the fault phase current surges, and the AC flux produced by the fault current counteracts the DC MMF. This causes alternating demagnetization of the two limbs within one cycle. At this stage, the unsaturated limb, along with the DC and AC coils placed on it, form a transformer. The inductance of the DC circuit restricts the fault current by coupling with the AC circuit. 3 Simulation Analysis In Fig.2, when an A phase ground fault occurs without FCL, the steady-state fault current reaches 9.8kA. With the installation of a TSFCL, the fault current can be reduced to 7.5kA. However, with the HMTFCL, the fault current is further limited to 5.8kA, which represents a 23% reduction compared to TSFCL. Moreover, the fault response time with HMTFCL is 2ms, which is only half of that achieved with TSFCL. Last, the required DC excitation current for TSFCL is 4000A, whereas it is lowered to 1500A for HMTFCL, resulting in a significant 62.5% reduction compared to TSFCL.References: [1]J. Yuan, P. Gan, Z. Zhang, H. Zhou, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery., Vol. 35, p. 1707-1715(2020). [2]H. Zhou, J. Yuan and F. Chen, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics., Vol. 68, p. 11858-11869(2021).
Understanding creep of a single-crystalline Co-Al-W-Ta superalloy by studying the deformation mechanism, segregation tendency and stacking fault energy
Creators: name: Volz, Nicklas
name: Xue, Fei
name: Zenk, Christopher H.
name: Bezold, Andreas
name: Gabel, Stefan
name: Subramanyam, Aparna P. A.
name: Drautz, Ralf
name: Hammerschmidt, Thomas
name: Makineni, Surendra K.
name: Gault, Baptiste
name: Göken, Mathias
name: Neumeier, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic study of the compression creep properties of a single-crystalline Co-base superalloy (Co-9Al-7.5W-2Ta) was conducted at 950 °C, 975 °C and 1000 °C to reveal the influence of temperature and the resulting diffusion velocity of solutes like Al, W and Ta on the deformation mechanisms. Two creep rate minima are observed at all temperatures indicating that the deformation mechanisms causing these minima are quite similar. Atom-probe tomography analysis reveals elemental segregation to stacking faults, which had formed in the $γ\prime$ phase during creep. Density-functional-theory calculations indicate segregation of W and Ta to the stacking fault and an associated considerable reduction of the stacking fault energy. Since solutes diffuse faster at a higher temperature, segregation can take place more quickly. This results in a significantly faster softening of the alloy, since cutting of the $γ\prime$ precipitate phase by partial dislocations is facilitated through segregation already during the early stages of creep. This is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy analysis. Therefore, not only the smaller precipitate fraction at higher temperatures is responsible for the worse creep properties, but also faster diffusion-assisted shearing of the $γ\prime$ phase by partial dislocations. The understanding of these mechanisms will help in future alloy development by offering new design criteria.
Cahiers de lexicologie. 2010-1, n° 96
Creators: name: (:Unap)
Publisher: name: Classiques Garnier
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Lexique
subject: Lexicographie
subject: Sémantique
subject: Traduction
subject: Linguistique historique

description: Les Cahiers de lexicologie, revue internationale de lexicologie et de lexicographie, s'intéressent au lexique dans ses relations avec les autres composantes de la langue (syntaxe, sémantique, morphologie, phonologie, discours…), tant du point de vue théorique que de leurs applications, notamment pour ce qui concerne le traitement informatique de la langue.
description: The Cahiers de lexicologie, international review of lexicology and lexicography, studies vocabulary in its relation to other aspects of language (syntax, semantics, morphology, phonology, speech…), both from a theoretical point of view and in practical applications, notably concerning computer treatment of language.
Additional file 1 of Barriers and enablers of implementation of alcohol guidelines with pregnant women: a cross-sectional survey among UK midwives
Creators: name: Smith, Lesley A.
name: Dyson, Judith
name: Watson, Julie
name: Schölin, Lisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Mähdrusch und Lagerung von Krambe
Creators: name: Sauter, Gerd Joachim
name: Lsensee, Edmund
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1999

description: Die Ölpflanze Krambe liefert ein Öl mit einem hohen Anteil an Erucasäure als Rohstoff für die chemische Industrie. Nachfolgend werden spezielle Aspekte zum Mähdrusch und zur Trocknung dieser Kultur betrachtet und wichtige Stoffeigenschaften herausgestellt . Die vom Mähdrescher angelieferte Saat ist mit hohen Besatzanteilen verunreinigt, sodass die Trocknung sehr aufwendig und kostenintensiv ist. Daher wurden in Laborversuchen die nötigen Stoffeigenschaften des Erntegutes ermittelt. Hierzu zählen Kenntnisse über die geometrische Größe, die Schwebegeschwindigkeit, das Feuchtegleichgewicht und den zu erwartenden Gegendruck beim Belüften.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 54 Nr. 1 (1999)
VP4-12 : A Method for Positioning Multiple Weak Magnetic Target Signals Under the Interference of Strong Magnetic Sources
Creators: Shunyu Zhang
Jing Qiu
Hongrui Song
Hexuan Sun and Shuanglong Huang
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Interdisciplinary and Emerging Topics: Biomedical Applications; Magnetic Fluids and Separations; New Applications and Other Emerging Topics (Virtual)
Due to the high-speed attenuation characteristics of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic source, it is extremely difficult to locate the weak magnetic sources with multiple targets at different depths and positions, which means weak magnetic sources signals are often covered. This paper propose an multi-objective positioning method combining the optimized Euler deconvolution positioning algorithm and the Moth-flame optimization algorithm[1] to solve the problem of weak magnetic sources in strong magnetic environments. According to the normalized source strength (NSS) is only affected by the magnetization[2], for the NSS of the measured magnetic field, two signal processing methods, stochastic resonance signal enhancement (SR) and automatic multiscale-based peak detection (AMPD) algorithm[3], are used to enhance the weak magnetic field and suppress environmental noise, and estimate the number and potential area of the measured targets,the Magnetic Gradient Tensor (MGT) contains more abundant position and magnetic moment information, using MGT as a magnetic measurement and using differential means to improve the inherent defects of traditional magnetic positioning methods that are susceptible to geomagnetic interference [4]. Using the preliminary single-point positioning data to propose an optimization scheme for the initial population and iteration process of the Moth-Flame optimization algorithm, which improves the stability of the algorithm and improves the shortcoming that the algorithm is easy to fall into a local optimal solution, further eliminate the mutual interference and influence between the magnetic sources to be measured to improve the positioning accuracy of multiple covered positioning targets, the simulation results prove that this method can achieve effective multi-target positioning in the case of strong magnetic source interference, and compared with the traditional Euler deconvolution positioning method, and the positioning accuracy is improved by more than 15% before.References: [1] Seyedali Mirjalili. Moth-flame optimization algorithm: A novel nature-inspired heuristic paradigm[J]. Knowledge-Based Systems,2015,89. [2] Beiki M , Clark D , Austin J ,et al.Normalized Source Strength and it Application to Estimate Magnetic Source Location In the Presence of Remanent Magnetization[C]//Seg Technical Program Expanded.2012.DOI:10.1190/segam2012-0993.1. [3] Scholkmann F , Boss J , Wolf M .An Efficient Algorithm for Automatic Peak Detection in Noisy Periodic and Quasi-Periodic Signals[J].Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2012(4).DOI:10.3390/A5040588. [4] G. Yin, Y.T. Zhang, H.B Fan, Z.N. Li, Magnetic dipole localization based on magnetic gradient tensor data at a single point, J. Appl. Remote Sens. 8 ,2014(8).
Nanomechanical Dissipation and Strain Engineering
Creators: name: Sementilli, Leo
name: Romero, Erick
name: Bowen, Warwick P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanomechanical resonators have applications in a wide variety of technologies ranging from biochemical sensors to mobile communications, quantum computing, inertial sensing, and precision navigation. The quality factor of the mechanical resonance is critical for many applications. Until recently, mechanical quality factors rarely exceeded a million. In the past few years however, new methods have been developed to exceed this boundary. These methods involve careful engineering of the structure of the nanomechanical resonator, including the use of acoustic bandgaps and nested structures to suppress dissipation into the substrate, and the use of dissipation dilution and strain engineering to increase the mechanical frequency and suppress intrinsic dissipation. Together, they have allowed quality factors to reach values near a billion at room temperature, resulting in exceptionally low dissipation. This review aims to provide a pedagogical introduction to these new methods, primarily targeted to readers who are new to the field, together with an overview of the existing state-of-the-art, what may be possible in the future, and a perspective on the future applications of these extreme-high quality resonators.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures
Non-Equilibrium Josephson and Andreev Current through Interacting Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Pala, Marco G.
name: Governale, Michele
name: König, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory of transport through interacting quantum dots coupled to normal and superconducting leads in the limit of weak tunnel coupling. A Josephson current between two superconducting leads, carried by first-order tunnel processes, can be established by non-equilibrium proximity effect. Both Andreev and Josephson current is suppressed for bias voltages below a threshold set by the Coulomb charging energy. A $π$-transition of the supercurrent can be driven by tuning gate or bias voltages.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
VP12-10: Comparison and Research on Load Characteristics of PM in Different Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines
Creators: Ping Zheng
Xiaoyu Liang
Mingqiao Wang
Jialin Gao
Wanquan Li
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Sensors, High Frequency Devices, and Power Devices (Virtual)
The use of high-energy-product permanent magnets (PMs) in permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) results in higher torque-density and power-density than other types of machines. However, PM have different load characteristics under different excitations, which can affect the performance of PMSM, especially with the issue of demagnetization. Many studies have been conducted to analyze the load characteristics of PM for the above issues [1]. Due to differences in the inductance and PM distribution, they are mainly divided into two categories: interior PM synchronous machine (IPMSM) and surface PM synchronous machine (SPMSM). Based on the differences of load characteristic between IPMSM and SPMSM, it is possible to design machines more efficiently according to different requirements. The load characteristics of PMSMs are the expression of the material properties of the PM in different structures of machine. The characteristics of NdFeB is shown in Fig. 1a. High-performance machines operate in high-temperature state commonly, so studying the load characteristics of PM to avoid demagnetization is necessary. The characteristics of demagnetization path in IPMSM and SPMSM are different under different magnetic fields of armature, as shown in Fig. 1b. The two types of 4P24S machines under different magnetic fields are shown in Fig. 2, and the electrical density(A/mm2) is in parentheses. Under rated excitation(8), the PM demagnetization area of SPMSM is larger, while IPMSM only exhibits insignificant demagnetization in the middle of the V-shaped PM. Under high loads(14), the demagnetization area of SPMSM does not change much, but the PM of IPMSM is almost completely demagnetized. The different load characteristics depend on the different distributions of magnetic material such as PM, and armature magnetic field. By studying the above issues, the design of high-performance and high-stability machines can be completed more efficiently.References: [1] H. Chen, R. Qu and J. Li, et al., "Demagnetization Performance of a 7 MW Interior Permanent Magnet Wind Generator With Fractional-Slot Concentrated Windings," IEEE Transactions on Magnetics., vol. 51, no. 11, pp. 1-4 (2015)
Muon Acceleration to 750 GeV in the Tevatron Tunnel for a 1.5 TeV mu+ mu- Collider
Creators: name: Summers, D. J.
name: Cremaldi, L. M.
name: Godang, R.
name: Kipapa, B. R.
name: Rice, H. E.
name: Palmer, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Muon acceleration from 30 to 750 GeV in 72 orbits using two rings in the 1000m radius Tevatron tunnel is explored. The first ring ramps at 400 Hz and accelerates muons from 30 to 400 GeV in 28 orbits using 14 GV of 1.3 GHz superconducting RF. The ring duplicates the Fermilab 400 GeV main ring FODO lattice, which had a 61m cell length. Muon survival is 80%. The second ring accelerates muons from 400 to 750 GeV in 44 orbits using 8 GV of 1.3 GHz superconducting RF. The 30 T/m main ring quadrupoles are lengthened 87% to 3.3m. The four main ring dipoles in each half cell are replaced by three dipoles which ramp at 550 Hz from -1.8T to +1.8T interleaved with two 8T fixed superconducting dipoles. The ramping and superconducting dipoles oppose each other at 400 GeV and act in unison at 750 GeV. Muon survival is 92%. Two mm copper wire, 0.28mm grain oriented silicon steel laminations, and a low duty cycle mitigate eddy current losses. Low emittance muon bunches allow small aperatures and permit magnets to ramp with a few thousand volts. Little civil construction is required. The tunnel exists.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, Particle Accelerator Conference (PAC 07), Albuquerque, NM, 25-29 June 2007
SpheCow: flexible dynamical models for galaxies and dark matter haloes
Creators: name: Baes, Maarten
name: Camps, Peter
name: Vandenbroucke, Bert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simple but flexible dynamical models are useful for many purposes, including serving as the starting point for more complex models or numerical simulations of galaxies, clusters, or dark matter haloes. We present SpheCow, a new light-weight and flexible code that allows one to easily explore the structure and dynamics of any spherical model. Assuming an isotropic or Osipkov-Merritt anisotropic orbital structure, the code can automatically calculate the dynamical properties of any model with either an analytical density profile or an analytical surface density profile as starting point. We have extensively validated SpheCow using a combination of comparisons to analytical and high-precision numerical calculations, as well as the calculation of inverse formulae. SpheCow contains readily usable implementations for many standard models, including the Plummer, Hernquist, NFW, Einasto, Sérsic, and Nuker models. The code is publicly available as a set of C++ routines and as a Python module, and it is designed to be easily extendable, in the sense that new models can be added in a straightforward way. We demonstrate this by adding two new families of models in which either the density slope or the surface density slope is described by an algebraic sigmoid function. We advocate the use of the SpheCow code to investigate the full dynamical structure for models for which the distribution function cannot be expressed analytically and to explore a much wider range of models than is possible using analytical models alone.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
VP4-13: Repulsive Magnetic Levitation-based Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting of a Low-frequency Ocean Wave
Creators: Jungjin Park
Narayan Pillai
Norman Wereley
and Alison Flatau
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Interdisciplinary and Emerging Topics: Biomedical Applications; Magnetic Fluids and Separations; New Applications and Other Emerging Topics (Virtual)
The global demand for energy is steadily rising, leading to a range of environmental problems such as global warming, primarily attributed to the consumption of fossil fuels for power generation. Numerous technologies have been developed for harvesting ocean waves1. However, proper maintenance of wave energy converters in the harsh marine environment is key from a business perspective. One of the issues is friction, which can cause wear and degradation of key moving components, increasing maintenance costs. Magnetic levitation, due to its friction-free nature, has been utilized for implementing low-maintenance electromagnetic energy harvesting2, 3, 4. In this research, ocean wave energy is harvested using repulsive magnetic levitation. The energy generated by the waves, which have frequencies of 0.25–1.0 Hz, is captured by an absorber, such as a buoy. A buoy is used to transfer a movable magnet toward the bottom, where it encounters a fixed permanent magnet. These magnets are positioned facing each other with identical polarities. As the buoy brings the magnet closer to the bottom, it experiences a powerful repulsive force, which activates a release mechanism. This mechanism propels the movable magnet to accelerate upward [Figure 1]. Consequently, as the magnet passes through the coil, it induces electricity. Due to gravity, the magnet descends again, generating electricity once more. A sine wave of 0.1 Hz was used to simulate ocean waves using a hydraulic actuator [Figure 2(a)]. Figure 2(b) demonstrates that peaks with an output voltage of approximately 2 volts appear at 10-second intervals. Additionally, a peak of 0.5 volts was observed after 5 seconds, suggesting that the magnet is successfully connected to the transferring magnets. Figure 2(c) shows a ringdown waveform of the output voltage in a wave cycle due to gravity and magnetic repulsion. This result demonstrates the feasible use of repulsive magnetic levitation in low-frequency wave energy harvesting.References: [1.] K. Veerabhadrappa, B. Suhas, C. K. Mangrulkar, R. S. Kumar, V. Mudakappanavar, K. Seetharamu et al., “Power generation using ocean waves: a review,” Global Transitions Proceedings, 2022. [2.] D. J. Apo and S. Priya, “High power density levitation-induced vibration energy harvester,” Energy Harvesting and Systems, vol. 1, no. 1-2, pp. 79–88, 2014. [3.] M. P. Soares dos Santos, J. A. Ferreira, J. A. Simoes, R. Pascoal, J. Torrao, X. Xue, and E. P. Furlani, “Magnetic levitation-based electromagnetic energy harvesting: a semi-analytical non-linear model for energy transduction,” Scientific reports, vol. 6, no. 1, p. 18579, 2016. [4.] B. Drew, A. R. Plummer, and M. N. Sahinkaya, “A review of wave energy converter technology,” 2009.
GG-01: Study of Grain-Patterned Highly Ordered L10-FePt HAMR Media Using Reactive Molecular Dynamics Method
Creators: Jianxin Zhu
Jian-Ping Wang
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Magnetic Recording
Embedded Hard-mask Patterning (EMP) has been proposed as a cost-effective fabrication method to be capable of patterning sub 5-nm grain sizes on highly-ordered L10-FePt media for Heat-Assisted Magnetic Recording (HAMR) [1]. Understanding the etching patterning mechanism of FePt is critical to maintain the highly-ordered L10 structure and low damage to the magnetic grains. In this research, Reactive Molecular Dynamics (MD) modeling is developed to study methanol (MeOH) plasma etch on highly-ordered continuous L10-FePt media film. Reactive interactions between the main plasma product etchant CO/H2 molecules and Fe/Pt atoms are studied using a modified embedded atom method (MEAM) interatomic potential and a bond-order based ReaxFF force field with atomic charge equilibration. As in L10-FePt thin film, Fe and Pt atoms are sitting in alternating layers in <001> directions, these interaction mechanisms are studied on Fe and Pt terminated surface respectively. It shows upon the dissociation of the CO ligand deposited at low energy (<10 eV) strong Fe-C interactions lead to Fen-C cluster formation as volatile product on the Fe-terminated surface. On the Pt-terminated surface, however, C-Pt interaction does not form any form of cluster volatile product. Dissociated C atoms also interact with Fe atoms under the Pt-layer and therefore can create crystal structure defects. The chemical yield without any physical ion sputtering is 4-5X higher on the Fe-terminated surface than on the Pt-terminated surface. The before and after etched media film is also analyzed with virtual XRD method to show the chemical ordering change from the plasma treatment. This study uncovered not only the etching mechanism of high methanol etch rate on Fe-based magnetic materials but also the magnetic material damage mechanism.References: [1] H. Wang et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 102, 052406 (2013). [2] J. Zhu et al., IEEE Trans. Magn. Vol 52, No.7 (2016).
VP4-11: Sedimentation Evaluation of High-Viscosity Linear Polysiloxane-Based Magnetorheological Fluids Using Automated Vertical Axis Inductance Monitoring System
Creators: Young T. Choi
Pablo Sztein
Gregory Hiemenz
and Norman M. Wereley
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

New Applications and Sensors and Other Emerging Topics
The sedimentation of magnetorheological fluids (MRFs) has been an obstacle to achieving successful commercial MRF-based applications. To mitigate such sedimentation issues, high-viscosity linear polysiloxane-based MRFs (HVLP MRFs) have been recently developed. These HVLP MRFs utilize highly viscous carrier fluid for stabilizing MRFs because the settling velocity of particles is inversely proportional to the viscosity of carrier fluid. Thus, in this study, the long-term sedimentation stability of HVLP MRFs is experimentally investigated by using an automated vertical axis inductance monitoring system (AVAIMS). In our previous studies [1, 2], the mudline of HVLP MRFs with lower particle loadings up to 32 vol% was tracked by using a nonautomated VAIMS. But, these previous studies focused on the particle descending only from the fluid top of the HVLP MRFs’ columns. The sedimentation zones of the HVLP MRFs below mudline such as original concentration, variable concentration, and sediment were not identified in the previous studies. Thus, in this study, the long-term sedimentation stability of the HVLP MRFs with high particle loadings up to 45 vol% was tracked for 204 days by using AVAIMS, and the four different sedimentation zones were identified. To this end, the automated identification method to determine the sedimentation zone boundaries of highly stable MRFs was proposed. The testing setup for the AVAIMS used in this study was presented in Fig. 1. The inductance sensor was vertically movable by the linear vertical motion mechanism with the step motor. Using this inductance sensor and LCR meter, the inductances of the HVLP MRF in the testing tube were measured almost every week. The measured inductances were converted into the particle concentration by using the calibration function. The measured particle concentration profiles of the HVLP MRFs tested in this study were presented in Fig. 2. Based on these measured particle concentration profiles, the sedimentation zones were determined by the automated identification method proposed in this study.References: [1] L. Xie et al. “Characterization of stratification for an opaque highly sta- ble magnetorheological fluid using vertical axis inductance monitoring system”. In: Journal of Applied Physics 117 (2015), 17C754, (4pp). [2] L. Xie et al. “Long term stability of magnetorheological fluids using high viscosity linear polysiloxane carrier fluids”. In: Smart Mater. Struct. 25 (2016), 065006, (11pp)