cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stochastic geometry of critical curves, Schramm-Loewner evolutions, and conformal field theory
Creators: name: Gruzberg, Ilya A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Conformally-invariant curves that appear at critical points in two-dimensional statistical mechanics systems, and their fractal geometry have received a lot of attention in recent years. On the one hand, Schramm has invented a new rigorous as well as practical calculational approach to critical curves, based on a beautiful unification of conformal maps and stochastic processes, and by now known as Schramm-Loewner evolution (SLE). On the other hand, Duplantier has applied boundary quantum gravity methods to calculate exact multifractal exponents associated with critical curves. In the first part of this paper I provide a pedagogical introduction to SLE. I present mathematical facts from the theory of conformal maps and stochastic processes related to SLE. Then I review basic properties of SLE and provide practical derivation of various interesting quantities related to critical curves, including fractal dimensions and crossing probabilities. The second part of the paper is devoted to a way of describing critical curves using boundary conformal field theory (CFT) in the so-called Coulomb gas formalism. This description provides an alternative (to quantum gravity) way of obtaining the multifractal spectrum of critical curves using only traditional methods of CFT based on free bosonic fields.
description: Published version, references added and rearranged, typos corrected
Scale-Dependent Functions, Stochastic Quantization and Renormalization
Creators: name: Altaisky, Mikhail V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a possibility to unify the methods of regularization, such as the renormalization group method, stochastic quantization etc., by the extension of the standard field theory of the square-integrable functions $ϕ(b)\in L^2({\mathbb R}^d)$ to the theory of functions that depend on coordinate $b$ and resolution $a$. In the simplest case such field theory turns out to be a theory of fields $ϕ_a(b,\cdot)$ defined on the affine group $G:x'=ax+b$, $a>0,x,b\in {\mathbb R}^d$, which consists of dilations and translation of Euclidean space. The fields $ϕ_a(b,\cdot)$ are constructed using the continuous wavelet transform. The parameters of the theory can explicitly depend on the resolution $a$. The proper choice of the scale dependence $g=g(a)$ makes such theory free of divergences by construction.
description: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
Additional file 1 of A molecular approach integrating genomic and DNA methylation profiling for tissue of origin identification in lung-specific cancer of unknown primary
Creators: name: Chen, Kaiyan
name: Zhang, Fanrong
name: Yu, Xiaoqing
name: Huang, Zhiyu
name: Gong, Lei
name: Xu, Yanjun
name: Li, Hui
name: Yu, Sizhe
name: Fan, Yun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Comprehensive genomic profiling analysis and targeted methylation sequencing and data preprocessing.
Analysis of Compton profile through information theory in H-like atoms inside impenetrable sphere
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Neetik
name: Roy, Amlan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Confinement of atoms inside various cavities has been studied for nearly eight decades. However, the Compton profile for such systems has not yet been investigated. Here we construct the Compton profile (CP) for a H atom radially confined inside a \emph{hard} spherical enclosure, as well as in \emph{free condition}. Some exact analytical relations for the CP's of circular or nodeless states of free atom is presented. By means of a scaling idea, this has been further extended to the study of an H-like atom trapped inside an impenetrable cavity. The accuracy of these constructed CP has been confirmed by computing various momentum moments. Apart from that, several information theoretical measures, like Shannon entropy ($S$) and Onicescu energy ($E$) have been exploited to characterize these profiles. Exact closed form expressions are derived for $S$ and $E$ using the ground state CP in free H-like atoms. A detailed study reveals that, increase in confinement inhibits the rate of dissipation of kinetic energy. At a fixed $\ell$, this rate diminishes with rise in $n$. However, at a certain $n$, this rate accelerates with progress in $\ell$. A similar analysis on the respective free counterpart displays an exactly opposite trend as that in confined system. However, in both free and confined environments, CP generally gets broadened with rise in $Z$. Representative calculations are done numerically for low-lying states of the confined systems, taking two forms of position-space wave functions: (a) exact (b) highly accurate eigenfunctions through a generalized pseudospectral method. In essence, CPs are reported for confined H atom (and isoelectronic series) and investigated adopting an information-theoretic framework.
description: 25 pages, 3 tables, 5 figures
Un théorème de convexité réel pour les applications moment à valeurs dans un groupe de Lie
Creators: name: Schaffhauser, Florent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D20

description: In this note, we state and give the main ideas of the proof of a real convexity theorem for group-valued momentum maps. This result is a quasi-Hamiltonian analogue of the O'Shea-Sjamaar theorem in the usual Hamiltonian setting. We prove here that the image under the momentum map of the fixed-point set of a form-reversing involution defined on a quasi-Hamiltonian space is a convex polytope, that we describe as a subpolytope of the momentum polytope.
description: in French (English summary)
Κλωνοποίησηση και υπερέκφραση των γονιδίων ΤΤΗΒ173, ΤΤΗΒ174 ΤΤΗΑ1595 των συστημάτων δυο συστατικών του θερμόφιλους βακτηρίου THERMUS THERMOPHILUS HB8
Creators: name: Ρεσβάνη, Παναγιώτα Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Κινάσες Ιστιδίνης
Ρυθμιστές Απόκρισης
Μεταγωγή Σήματος
Histidine Kinases
Response Regulators
Signal transduction

description: Η κυτταρική απόκριση και προσαρμοστικότητα στις μεταβαλλόμενες περιβαλλοντικές συνθήκες, επιτυγχάνεται μέσω εξειδικευμένων σηματοδοτικών μηχανισμών. Στην κορυφή της βακτηριακής σηματοδοτικής ιεραρχίας συναντώνται τα συστήματα μετάδοσης σήματος δύο συστατικών, που έχουν υιοθετήσει τη φωσφορυλίωση, ως τον τρόπο μετάδοσης της πληροφορίας. Ο μηχανισμός τους βασίζεται σε θεμελιώδεις αρχές όλων των κυτταρικών αισθητήριων διεργασιών, όπως η αναγνώριση και επεξεργασία του σήματος, συμπεριλαμβανομένης της ενίσχυσης και της ενοποίησης των αισθητήριων εισόδων με τελικό αποτέλεσμα την παραγωγή της κατάλληλης απόκρισης. Η παρούσα εργασία αποτελεί συνέχεια της μελέτης του τρόπου που ο θερμόφιλος μικοοργανισμός T. thermophilus HB8 αντιλαμβάνεται και αποκρίνεται το περιβάλλον του. Έγινε η κλωνοποίηση της κινασης ιστιδίνης ΤΤΗΒ174, του ρυθμιστή απόκρισης ΤΤΗΒ173 και της φωσφατάσης ΤΤΗΑ1595. Ακολούθησε επαγωγή της πρωτεινικής έκφρασης με σκοπό τη απομόνωση και καθαρισμό των πρωτεινων για να ακολουθήσει μελέτη των δικτύων αλληλεπιδράσεων τους. Ο ρυθμιστής απόκρισης και η φωσφατάση απομονώθηκαν και φτάσαν στο βαθμό του πρωτεινικού καθαρισμού, αλλά όχι η κινάση ιστιδίνης. Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία αποτελεί μόνο ένα βήμα στον ολιστικό λειτουργικό χαρακτηρισμό των συστημάτων δυο συστατικών στο βιοτεχνολογικά ενδιαφέρον, θερμόφιλο μικροοργανισμό T. thermophilus HB8
description: The cellular response and adaptability to changing environmental conditions, achieved through specialized signaling mechanisms. At the top of bacterial signaling hierarchy meet the signal transduction system of two components, which have adopted phosphorylation, as the information transmission mode. The mechanism is based on fundamental principles of all cellular sensory processes such as recognition and signal processing, including the strengthening and integration of sensory input and ultimately generate an appropriate response. This work is an effort of how the thermophilic T. thermophilus HB8 understands and responds to the environment. We cloned the histidine kinase TTHB173, the response regulator TTHB174 and the phosphatase TTHA1595. Followed by induction of protein expression with the aim of isolating and purifying the protein to pursue the study of the interaction network. The response regulator and the phosphatase isolated and reached the rank of protein purification, but not the histidine kinase. This thesis is only one step in the holistic functional characterization of two-component systems in the biotechnological interesting, thermophilic microorganism T. thermophilus HB8
Additional file 2 of Epigenetic marker of telomeric age is associated with exacerbations and hospitalizations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Creators: name: Hernández Cordero, Ana I.
name: Yang, Chen Xi
name: Li, Xuan
name: Milne, Stephen
name: Chen, Virginia
name: Hollander, Zsuzsanna
name: Ng, Raymond
name: Criner, Gerard J.
name: Woodruff, Prescott G.
name: Lazarus, Stephen C.
name: Connett, John E.
name: Han, MeiLan K.
name: Martinez, Fernando J.
name: Reed, Robert M.
name: Man, S. F. Paul
name: Leung, Janice M.
name: Sin, Don D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Randomization of the Macrolide Azithromycin to Prevent Rapid Worsening of Symptoms Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease study (MACRO). Created with BioRender.com.
Composing Networks of Automated Market Makers
Creators: name: Engel, Daniel
name: Herlihy, Maurice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automated market makers (AMMs) are automata that trade electronic assets at rates set by mathematical formulas. AMMs are usually implemented by smart contracts on blockchains. In practice, AMMs are often composed: and outputs from AMMs can be directed into other compatible AMMs. This paper proposes a mathematical model for AMM composition. We define sequential and parallel composition operators for AMMs in a way that ensures that AMMs are closed under composition, in a way that works for "higher-dimensional" AMMs that manage more than two asset classes, and so the composition of AMMs in "stable" states remains stable.
Excitation energies through Becke's exciton model within a Cartesian-grid KS DFT
Creators: name: Ghosal, Abhisek
name: Gupta, Tarun
name: Mahato, Kishalay
name: Roy, Amlan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photon-induced electronic excitations are ubiquitously observed in organic chromophore. In this context, we present a simple, alternative time-independent DFT procedure, for computation of single-particle excitation energies, in particular, the lower bound excited singlet states, which are of primary interest in photochemistry. This takes inspiration from recently developed Becke's exciton model, where a key step constitutes the accurate evaluation of correlated singlet-triplet splitting energy. It introduces a non-empirical model, both from "adiabatic connection theorem" and "virial theorem" to analyze the role of 2e$^-$ integral in such calculations. The latter quantity is efficiently mapped onto a real grid and computed accurately using a purely numerical strategy. Illustrative calculations are performed on 10 $π$-electron organic chromophores within a Cartesian-grid implementation of pseudopotential Kohn-Sham (KS) DFT, developed in our laboratory, taking SBKJC-type basis functions within B3LYP approximation. The triplet and singlet excitation energies corresponding to first singly excited configuration, are found to be in excellent agreement with TD-B3LYP calculations. Further, we perform the same for a set of larger molecular systems using the asymptotically corrected LC-BLYP, in addition to B3LYP. A systematic comparison with theoretical best estimates demonstrates the viability and suitability of current approach in determining optical gaps, combining predictive accuracy with moderate computational cost.
Optimal control of quantum gates and suppression of decoherence in a system of interacting two-level particles
Creators: name: Grace, Matthew
name: Brif, Constantin
name: Rabitz, Herschel
name: Walmsley, Ian A.
name: Kosut, Robert L.
name: Lidar, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Methods of optimal control are applied to a model system of interacting two-level particles (e.g., spin-half atomic nuclei or electrons or two-level atoms) to produce high-fidelity quantum gates while simultaneously negating the detrimental effect of decoherence. One set of particles functions as the quantum information processor, whose evolution is controlled by a time-dependent external field. The other particles are not directly controlled and serve as an effective environment, coupling to which is the source of decoherence. The control objective is to generate target one- and two-qubit unitary gates in the presence of strong environmentally-induced decoherence and under physically motivated restrictions on the control field. The quantum-gate fidelity, expressed in terms of a novel state-independent distance measure, is maximized with respect to the control field using combined genetic and gradient algorithms. The resulting high-fidelity gates demonstrate the feasibility of precisely guiding the quantum evolution via optimal control, even when the system complexity is exacerbated by environmental coupling. It is found that the gate duration has an important effect on the control mechanism and resulting fidelity. An analysis of the sensitivity of the gate performance to random variations in the system parameters reveals a significant degree of robustness attained by the optimal control solutions.
description: IOP LaTeX, 10 figures, 29 pages; Accepted for publication in the Special Issue of the Journal of Physics B on Dynamical Control of Entanglement and Decoherence by Field-Matter Interactions
The Nonlinear Dirac Equation in Bose-Einstein Condensates: Foundation and Symmetries
Creators: name: Haddad, L. H.
name: Carr, L. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that Bose-Einstein condensates in a honeycomb optical lattice are described by a nonlinear Dirac equation in the long wavelength, mean field limit. Unlike nonlinear Dirac equations posited by particle theorists, which are designed to preserve the principle of relativity, i.e., Poincaré covariance, the nonlinear Dirac equation for Bose-Einstein condensates breaks this symmetry. We present a rigorous derivation of the nonlinear Dirac equation from first principles. We provide a thorough discussion of all symmetries broken and maintained.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
Optical evidence for heavy charge carriers in FeGe
Creators: name: Guritanu, V.
name: van der Marel, D.
name: Teyssier, J.
name: Jarlborg, T.
name: Wilhelm, H.
name: Schmidt, M.
name: Steglich, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical spectrum of the cubic helimagnetic metal FeGe has been investigated in the frequency range from 0.01 - 3.1 eV for different temperatures from 30 K to 296 K. The optical conductivity shows the evolution of a low energy (0.22 eV) interband transition and the development of a narrow free carrier response with a strong energy and temperature dependence. The frequency dependent effective mass and scattering rate derived from the optical data indicate the formation of dressed quasi-particles with a mass renormalization factor of 12. Similar to FeSi the spectral weight in FeGe is not recovered over a broad frequency range, an effect usually attributed to the influence of the on-site Coulomb interaction.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Model Independent Methods for Determining B(Y(5S)->Bs^{(*)} anti-B}_s^{(*)})$
Creators: name: Sia, Radia
name: Stone, Sheldon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a method that provides a model independent measurement of the Bs fraction in Y(5S) resonance decays, fs, using the relative rates of like-sign versus opposite sign dileptons; the like-sign leptons result from B^0 and Bs mixing. In addition, we show that determining the rates of single, double and triple Ds mesons provides an alternative way of finding fs.
description: Updated version #4 includes corrections that are documented in an erratum to be published in PRD. (V3 is the published version.) Four pages, 2 figures. Four pages, 2 figures
Full counting statistics of Schwinger pair production and annihilation
Creators: name: Nishida, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the probability distribution of the number of particle and antiparticle pairs produced via the Schwinger effect when a uniform but time-dependent electric field is applied to noninteracting scalars or spinors initially at a thermodynamic equilibrium. We derive the formula for the characteristic function by employing techniques in mesoscopic physics, reflecting a close analogy between the Schwinger effect and mesoscopic tunneling transports. In particular, we find that the pair production in a medium is enhanced (suppressed) for scalars (spinors) due to the Bose stimulation (Pauli blocking). Furthermore, in addition to the production of accelerated pairs by the electric field, the annihilation of decelerated pairs is found to take place in a medium. Our formula allows us to extract the probability distributions in various situations, such as those obeying the generalized trinomial statistics for spin-momentum resolved counting and the bidirectional Poisson statistics for spin-momentum unresolved counting.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; published version
An dynamical-mean-field-theory investigation of specific heat and electronic structure of $α$ and $δ$-plutonium
Creators: name: Pourovskii, L. V.
name: Kotliar, G.
name: Katsnelson, M. I.
name: Lichtenstein, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out a comparative study of the electronic specific heat and electronic structure of $α$ and $δ$-plutonium using dynmical mean field theory (DMFT). We use the perturbative T-matrix and fluctuating exchange (T-matrix FLEX) as a quantum impurity solver. We considered two different physical pictures of plutonoium. In the first, $5{f^5}+$, the perturbative treatment of electronic correlations has been carried out around the non-magnetic (LDA) Hamiltonian, which results in an f occupation around a bit above $n_f = 5 $. In the second, $5{f^6}-$, plutonium is viewed as being close to an $5{f^6}$ configuration, and perturbation theory is carried out around the (LDA+U) starting point bit below $n_f = 6 $. In the latter case the electronic specific heat coefficient $γ$ attains a smaller value in $γ$-Pu than in $α$-Pu, in contradiction to experiment, while in the former case our calculations reproduce the experimentally observed large increase of $γ$ in $δ$-Pu as compared to the $α$ phase. This enhancement of the electronic specific heat coefficient in $δ$-Pu is due to strong electronic correlations present in this phase, which cause a substantial increase of the electronic effective mass, and high density of states at $E_F$. The densities of states of $α$ and $δ$-plutonium obtained starting from the open-shell configuration are also in good agreement with the experimental photoemission spectra.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Strafverfolgung 2014. Land Sachsen-Anhalt
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strafverfolgung, Sachsen-Anhalt, Statistik
subject: 360

description: Die bundeseinheitlich durchgeführte Strafverfolgungsstatistik ist eine koordinierte Länderstatistik. Sie ist neben der Strafvollzugsstatistik und der Polizeilichen Kriminalstatistik eine der wichtigsten amtlichen Datensammlungen zur Betrachtung der Kriminalitätslage. Die Statistik gibt einen Überblick über die Entscheidungen der Strafgerichte und Entwicklung der gerichtlich registrierten Kriminalität. Sie dient zur Ermittlung der Ursachen, Erscheinungsformen und Entwicklung der Straffälligkeit. In der Strafverfolgungsstatistik werden alle Abgeurteilten nachgewiesen, gegen die rechtskräftig Strafbefehle erlassen wurden bzw. Strafverfahren nach Eröffnung des Hauptverfahrens durch Urteil oder Einstellungsbeschluss rechtskräftig abgeschlossen worden sind. Nicht erfasst werden Ordnungswidrigkeiten, Entscheidungen vor Eröffnung des Hauptverfahrens sowie Entscheidungen nach Rechtskraft des Urteils. Die Statistik berichtet ausführlich über die Art der Straftat, die Art und Höhe der erkannten Strafen sowie über angeordnete Maßnahmen und Maßregeln. Bei den Verurteilten werden detaillierte demographische Merkmale (z. B. Geschlecht, Alter zur Tatzeit, Staatsangehörigkeit) sowie kriminologische Besonderheiten (z. B. Untersuchungshaft, Vorstrafen, Täter- Opfer-Ausgleich) nachgewiesen. Die monatlichen Erhebungen der Strafverfolgungsstatistik werden für das Land Sachsen- Anhalt auf der Grundlage der AO des MJ über die Erfassung von statistischen Daten über die Strafverfolgung vom 18.01.2007 - 4206-401.1; JMBl. LSA Nr. 4/2007 vom 29.01.2007 i. V. m. dem Landesstatistikgesetz Sachsen-Anhalt (LStatG-LSA) vom 18.05.1995 (GVBl. LSA S. 130), zuletzt geändert durch Art. 47 des Gesetzes vom 18.11.2005 (GVBl. LSA S. 698, 707) durchgeführt. Über die angezeigten und aufgeklärten Straftaten sowie über die ermittelten Tatverdächtigen informiert die Polizeiliche Kriminalstatistik.
Relative clause edge, disjunction, reduplication, verb focus
Creators: name: Guebeapo, Léocadie
name: Jarvis, Rebecca
name: Russell, Katherine
name: Carrie, Oceane
name: Goose, Molly
name: Hatch, Lindsay
name: Kouadio, Timothée
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: ebr

description: Elicitation focusing on relative-clause structures, especially the relative clause periphery, filling out previous paradigms. Elicitation of nasality in particle verbs, verb focus, verbal reduplication, and imperfective/habitual tonal marking.
Astronomy with ultra high-energy particles
Creators: name: Hoerandel, Joerg R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent measurements of the properties of cosmic rays above 10^17 eV are summarized and implications on our contemporary understanding of their origin are discussed. Cosmic rays with energies exceeding 10^20 eV have been measured, they are the highest-energy particles in the Universe. Particles at highest energies are expected to be only marginally deflected by magnetic fields and they should point towards their sources on the sky. Recent results of the Pierre Auger Observatory have opened a new window to the Universe - astronomy with ultra high-energy particles.
description: to appear in Reviews of Modern Astronomy
Superconformal index of low-rank gauge theories via the Bethe Ansatz
Creators: name: Benini, Francesco
name: Rizi, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Bethe Ansatz formula for the superconformal index, in the case of 4d $\mathcal{N}=4$ super-Yang-Mills with gauge group $SU(N)$. We observe that not all solutions to the Bethe Ansatz Equations (BAEs) contribute to the index, and thus formulate "reduced BAEs" such that all and only their solutions contribute. We then propose, sharpening a conjecture of Arabi Ardehali et al. [arXiv:1912.04169], that there is a one-to-one correspondence between branches of solutions to the reduced BAEs and vacua of the 4d $\mathcal{N}=1^*$ theory. We test the proposal in the case of $SU(2)$ and $SU(3)$. In the case of $SU(3)$, we confirm that there is a continuous family of solutions, whose contribution to the index is non-vanishing.
description: 24 pages; v2: refs added, typos corrected, slightly clarified relation with the N=1* theory
The Moon, a disk or a sphere?
Creators: name: Duarte, E. Seperuelo
name: Mota, A. T.
name: de Carvalho, J. R.
name: Xavier, R. C.
name: Souza, P. V. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a physical modeling activity whose objective is to allow students to determine the differences between a disk and a sphere using pure scientific criteria. Thereunto, we reproduce the Sun-Earth-Moon system with low-cost materials and compare the illumination effects on the Moon considering two possible shapes for it (a sphere and a disk). The analysis is based on the shape of the Terminator line produced in each case as a function of the illumination angle. The results obtained are first discussed and then applied so that one can interpret the observed patterns in the illumination effects of other celestial bodies, such as Venus or even the Earth. Thereby, the activity can be very useful to unmask the unscientific idea of Flat Earth. The entire activity is easily replicable and it may be useful to promote a more realistic view of science and its methods.
Using the Balance Function to study the charge correlations of hadrons
Creators: name: Christakoglou, P.
name: Petridis, A.
name: Vassiliou, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the recent Balance Function (BF) results obtained by the NA49 collaboration for the pseudo-rapidity dependence of non-identified charged particle correlations for two SPS energies. Experimental results indicate a clear centrality dependence only in the mid-rapidity region. The results of an energy dependence study of the BF throughout the whole SPS energy range will also be discussed. In addition, the correlation of identified hadrons is studied and presented for the first time. The study of hadron correlation has also been extended in order to cope with the high multiplicity environment that is expected to be seen at LHC. We will present the latest results from simulations concerning the extension of these studies to the ALICE experiment.
description: To appear in the proccedings of the "Quark Confinement and Hadron Spectrum VII" conference
Jet conversions in a quark-gluon plasma
Creators: name: Liu, W.
name: Ko, C. M.
name: Zhang, B. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quark and gluon jets traversing through a quark-gluon plasma not only lose their energies but also can undergo flavor conversions. The conversion rates via the elastic $q(\bar q)g\to gq(\bar q)$ and the inelastic $q\bar q\leftrightarrow gg$ scatterings are evaluated in the lowest order in QCD. Including both jet energy loss and conversions in the expanding quark-gluon plasma produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions, we have found a net conversion of quark to gluon jets. This reduces the difference between the nuclear modification factors for quark and gluon jets in central heavy ion collisions and thus enhances the $p/π^+$ and ${\bar p}/π^-$ ratios at high transverse momentum. However, a much larger net quark to gluon jet conversion rate than the one given by the lowest-order QCD is needed to account for the observed similar ratios in central Au+Au and p+p collisions at same energy. Implications of our results are discussed.
description: version to appear in PRC
MPEC 2025-G67 : 2002 TZ300
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Carnegie Supernova Project: The First Homogeneous Sample of "Super-Chandrasekhar Mass"/2003fg-like Type Ia Supernova
Creators: name: Ashall, C.
name: Lu, J.
name: Hsiao, E. Y.
name: Hoeflich, P.
name: Phillips, M. M.
name: Galbany, L.
name: Burns, C. R.
name: Contreras, C.
name: Krisciunas, K.
name: Morrell, N.
name: Stritzinger, M. D.
name: Suntzeff, N. B.
name: Taddia, F.
name: Anais, J.
name: Baron, E.
name: Brown, P. J.
name: Busta, L.
name: Campillay, A.
name: Castellón, S.
name: Corco, C.
name: Davis, S.
name: Folatelli, G.
name: Forster, F.
name: Freedman, W. L.
name: Gonzaléz, C.
name: Hamuy, M.
name: Holmbo, S.
name: Kirshner, R. P.
name: Kumar, S.
name: Marion, G. H.
name: Mazzali, P.
name: Morokuma, T.
name: Nugent, P. E.
name: Persson, S. E.
name: Piro, A. L.
name: Roth, M.
name: Salgado, F.
name: Sand, D. J.
name: Seron, J.
name: Shahbandeh, M.
name: Shappee, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multi-wavelength photometric and spectroscopic analysis of thirteen "Super-Chandrasekhar Mass"/2003fg-like type Ia Supernova (SNe~Ia). Nine of these objects were observed by the Carnegie Supernova Project. 2003fg-like have slowly declining light curves ($Δm_{15}$(B) $
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Θ2 Η Θεωρία στη μελέτη της θρησκείας
Creators: name: Σεβεντεκίδης, Γεώργιος Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Θρησκεία
Μελέτη της θρησκείας
Θεωρία στη μελέτη της θρησκείας
Religion
Study of religion
Theory in the study of religion

description: Ένα ζήτημα, μάλλον παραγνωρισμένο, στη μελέτη της θρησκείας είναι αυτό της θεωρίας. Τούτη η έρευνα επιχειρεί να αναδείξει τον κομβικό ρόλο που παίζει η θεωρία στο πεδίο της επιστημονικής μελέτης της θρησκείας. Στο ξεκίνημα ο αναγνώστης εισάγεται σε ορισμένες θεμελιώδεις έννοιες του θεωρητικού προβληματισμού γύρω απ τη θρησκεία (ορισμός, κοινωνική κατασκευή κ.α.). Στη συνέχεια μέσω ενός ταξιδιού στην ιστορία του ορισμού και του περιεχομένου του όρου θρησκεία, αποκαλύπτεται η άμεση εξάρτηση της σημασίας της λέξης θρησκεία από το πολιτιστικό κλίμα κάθε εποχής. Η κλασική και η ρωμαϊκή αρχαιότητα δεν αντιλαμβάνονταν τον όρο θρησκεία (ή τον αντίστοιχο λατινικό religio), με τον ίδιο τρόπο που γίνεται αντιληπτός στο παρόν. Μόλις κατά την Αναγέννηση και κατόπιν, υπό την επίδραση γεγονότων όπως η Μεταρρύθμιση και οι ανακαλύψεις των εξερευνητών, άρχισε να αναδύεται η σύγχρονη κατανόηση της θρησκείας. Η επίδραση της δυτικής νεωτερικότητας ήταν καταλυτική. Η περίοδος του Διαφωτισμού αποτελεί αφετηρία της προσπάθειας επιστημονική κατανόησης της θρησκείας, όπου πλέον η θεωρία αποκτά κυρίαρχο ρόλο. Η εργασία κλείνει με μια αδρή παρουσίαση της ηγεμονίας της φαινομενολογικής σχολής, της κριτικής που υπέστη, αλλά και τον πρόσφατο προβληματισμό γύρω απ την τύχη του ίδιου του όρου θρησκεία.
description: An issue that often receives little attention in the study of religion, is that of the role of theory. This essay attempts to show the important role that theory plays within the field of the scientific study of religion. At first, the reader is introduced into some key concepts of theoretical discourse within the study of religion (definition, social constructionism etc.). What follows is a journey through the history of the definition and the content of the term religion (as well as the greek term thrhskeia), which shows that the meaning of the term is highly dependent upon the cultural trends of each age. Classical and roman antiquity both had a very different understanding of religion in comparison with the present. It took the influence of events such as the Renaissance, the Reformation and European exploration, in short western modernity, for the modern conception of religion to start to arise. From the period of the Enlightenment and forth one can see the appearance of the first efforts for a scientific understanding, where theory plays a key role. This essay concludes with a short presentation of the phenomenological school in the study of religion and its massive influence, the critique it suffered and lastly the most recent exchanges on the fate of the term religion itself.
Modeling kicks from the merger of non-precessing black-hole binaries
Creators: name: Baker, John G.
name: Boggs, William D.
name: Centrella, Joan
name: Kelly, Bernard J.
name: McWilliams, Sean T.
name: Miller, M. Coleman
name: van Meter, James R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several groups have recently computed the gravitational radiation recoil produced by the merger of two spinning black holes. The results suggest that spin can be the dominant contributor to the kick, with reported recoil speeds of hundreds to even thousands of kilometers per second. The parameter space of spin kicks is large, however, and it is ultimately desirable to have a simple formula that gives the approximate magnitude of the kick given a mass ratio, spin magnitudes, and spin orientations. As a step toward this goal, we perform a systematic study of the recoil speeds from mergers of black holes with mass ratio $q\equiv m_1/m_2=2/3$ and dimensionless spin parameters of $a_1/m_1$ and $a_2/m_2$ equal to 0 or 0.2, with directions aligned or anti-aligned with the orbital angular momentum. We also run an equal-mass $a_1/m_1=-a_2/m_2=0.2$ case, and find good agreement with previous results. We find that, for currently reported kicks from aligned or anti-aligned spins, a simple kick formula inspired by post-Newtonian analyses can reproduce the numerical results to better than $\sim$10%.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Replaced with published version
Spectroscopy of Collective Excitations in Interacting Low-Dimensional Many-Body Systems Using Quench Dynamics
Creators: name: Gritsev, Vladimir
name: Demler, Eugene
name: Lukin, Mikhail
name: Polkovnikov, Anatoli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the problem of rapid change of the interaction parameter (quench) in many-body low-dimensional system. It is shown that, measuring correlation functions after the quench the information about a spectrum of collective excitations in a system can be obtained. This observation is supported by analysis of several integrable models and we argue that it is valid for non-integrable models as well. Our conclusions are supplemented by performing exact numerical simulations on finite systems. We propose that measuring power spectrum in dynamically split 1D Bose-Einsten condensate into two coupled condensates can be used as experimental test of our predictions.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; replaced with revised version
Απόψεις εκπαιδευτικών πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης σχετικά με τη διδασκαλία του μαθήματος της ιστορίας στην πολυπολιτισμική τάξη
Creators: name: Νίκου, Αικατερίνη Αθανασίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Διαπολιτισμική εκπαίδευση
Διδασκαλία της ιστορίας
Απόψεις εκπαιδευτικών
Intercultural education
History teaching
Teachers’ views

description: Σκοπός της εργασίας είναι να διερευνηθούν οι απόψεις δέκα εκπαιδευτικών της πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης σχετικά με τη διδασκαλία της ιστορίας στις σύγχρονες πολυπολιτισμικές τάξεις και το κατά πόσο η διδασκαλία τους συνάδει με τις αρχές της διαπολιτισμικής εκπαίδευσης. Η ερευνητική μέθοδος που ακολουθήθηκε ήταν η ημι-δομημένη συνέντευξη. Από την ανάλυση των αποτελεσμάτων προέκυψε ότι οι εκπαιδευτικοί στην πλειονότητά τους ταυτίζονται με την παραδοσιακή αντίληψη της ιστορίας, ως μέσου δόμησης εθνικής ταυτότητας των μαθητών/ριών. Εμφανίζονται, ως ένα βαθμό ευαισθητοποιημένοι απέναντι στο πολιτισμικό κεφάλαιο μαθητών/ριών με διαφορετική γλωσσική και πολιτισμική προέλευση, χωρίς να το εντάσσουν ουσιαστικά στη διδασκαλία τους. Στη διδασκαλία και την αξιολόγηση κυριαρχούν οι παραδοσιακές, δασκαλοκεντρικές μορφές διδασκαλίας, ενώ η πολιτισμική ετερότητα δε λαμβάνεται υπόψη κατά το σχεδιασμό της διδασκαλίας. Τέλος, οι εκπαιδευτικοί θεωρούν ότι οι διαπολιτισμικοί στόχοι του προγράμματος σπουδών της ιστορίας δεν μπορούν να επιτευχθούν εξαιτίας του μεγάλου όγκου της ύλης των σχολικών εγχειριδίων.
description: The purpose of the present thesis is to investigate ten primary teachers’ views about history teaching in the multicultural class and if their teaching is consistent with the principles of intercultural education. The method used is the semi-structured interview. The analysis of the results showed that the majority of teachers coincide with the traditional approach of history, as a mean of constructing pupils’ national identity. They are, to a certain level, aware of the cultural capital of their foreign pupils, but they do not seem to effectively include it in their teaching. In teaching and assessment of history dominate traditional, teacher-centered approaches, while cultural diversity is not taken into consideration by the teachers at the lesson planning. Finally, the teachers think that the intercultural purposes set by the history curriculum cannot be succeeded due to the plethora of content in the history textbooks.
The Born Rule in Quantum and Classical Mechanics
Creators: name: Brumer, Paul
name: Gong, Jiangbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considerable effort has been devoted to deriving the Born rule (e.g. that $|ψ(x)|^2 dx$ is the probability of finding a system, described by $ψ$, between $x$ and $x + dx$) in quantum mechanics. Here we show that the Born rule is not solely quantum mechanical; rather, it arises naturally in the Hilbert space formulation of {\it classical} mechanics as well. These results provide new insights into the nature of the Born rule, and impact on its understanding in the framework of quantum mechanics.
description: 5 pages, no figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. A
Ελευθερία και κοινωνική δικαιοσύνη: Μία επανεξέταση του έργου του F. A. Hayek
Creators: name: Περπερίδης, Θεόφιλος Δημήτριος
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Ελευθερία
Κοινωνική δικαιοσύνη
Κράτος πρόνοιας
Freedom
Social justice
Welfare state

description: Σκοπός αυτής της διπλωματικής εργασίας ήταν να υποστηριχθεί ο ισχυρισμός πως ο Hayek υπερασπίζεται μία μορφή κοινωνικής δικαιοσύνης ως απαραίτητη προϋπόθεση για την πραγμάτωση της ατομικής ελευθερίας. Για να υποστηριχθεί αυτή η θέση πραγματοποιήθηκε μία αναλυτική παρουσίαση των απόψεων του Hayek καθώς και η αποσαφήνιση των βασικών εννοιών της θεωρίας του. Συγκεκριμένα, παρουσιάσαμε τους ορισμούς του Hayek των εννοιών της κοινωνικής τάξης, του κράτους δικαίου, της ελευθερίας και της δικαιοσύνης. Από την ερμηνεία και ανάλυση των εννοιών αυτών, καταλήξαμε στο ότι ο Hayek θεωρεί απαραίτητη την ύπαρξη του κράτους πρόνοιας, υπό συγκεκριμένες συνθήκες, για την προστασία και διατήρηση της ατομικής ελευθερίας. Ακόμη, επιχειρήσαμε μία σύγκριση της θεωρίας του Hayek με αυτήν του Rawls και απαντήσαμε στις κριτικές που δέχθηκε η θεωρία του Hayek ώστε να αποσαφηνίσουμε την τελευταία ακόμα περισσότερο. Η εργασία τελειώνει με μία σύνοψη των επιχειρημάτων και την αξιολόγησή τους στο ευρύτερο πλαίσιο της πολιτικής φιλοσοφίας.
description: The aim of the present thesis was to argue that Hayek supports some form of social justice as an essential prerequisite for the realization of individual liberty. In order to support this claim we presented thoroughly Hayek’s views and shed light on his theory’s main concepts. Specifically, we presented Hayek’s definitions of concepts like social order, rule of law, freedom and justice. After interpreting and analyzing them, we concluded that Hayek believes that a welfare state under certain circumstances is needed for the protection and preservation of individual liberty. Furthermore, we attempted a comparative evaluation between Hayek’s and Rawls’ theories and we responded to the criticisms against Hayek’s arguments so as to provide an even more detailed clarification of his theory. The thesis ends with a summary of our arguments and their evaluation in the broader spectrum of political philosophy.
Blockhauss fatchué media
Creators: name: (:Unkn)
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023

description: Photos and videos of the fatchué (generation ceremony) in Blockhauss, Abidjan, a celebration of the ushering in of the blessue mondou assoukrou generation. Photos depict the march down the street of men associated with generation groups, as well as drums and the preparation of food associated with the celebration.
Non-minimally coupled vector curvaton
Creators: name: Dimopoulos, Konstantinos
name: Karciauskas, Mindaugas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a massive Abelian vector boson field can generate the curvature perturbation in the Universe, when coupled non-minimally to gravity, through an RA^2 coupling. The vector boson acts as a curvaton field imposing the curvature perturbation after the end of inflation, without generating a large-scale anisotropy. The parameter space of the model is fully explored, obtaining the relevant bounds on the inflation scale and the decay constant of the vector curvaton.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, RevTex. Corrected mistakes and typos. Analytic results unmodified
Twist-2 relation and sum rule for tensor-polarized parton distribution functions of spin-1 hadrons
Creators: name: Kumano, S.
name: Song, Qin-Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sum rules for structure functions and their twist-2 relations have important roles in constraining their magnitudes and $x$ dependencies and in studying higher-twist effects. The Wandzura-Wilczek (WW) relation and the Burkhardt-Cottingham (BC) sum rule are such examples for the polarized structure functions $g_1$ and $g_2$. Recently, new twist-3 and twist-4 parton distribution functions were proposed for spin-1 hadrons, so that it became possible to investigate spin-1 structure functions including higher-twist ones. We show in this work that an analogous twist-2 relation and a sum rule exist for the tensor-polarized parton distribution functions $f_{1LL}$ and $f_{LT}$, where $f_{1LL}$ is a twist-2 function and $f_{LT}$ is a twist-3 one. Namely, the twist-2 part of $f_{LT}$ is expressed by an integral of $f_{1LL}$ (or $b_1$) and the integral of the function $f_{2LT} = (2/3) f_{LT} -f_{1LL}$ over $x$ vanishes. If the parton-model sum rule for $f_{1LL}$ ($b_1$) is applied by assuming vanishing tensor-polarized antiquark distributions, another sum rule also exists for $f_{LT}$ itself. These relations should be valuable for studying tensor-polarized distribution functions of spin-1 hadrons and for separating twist-2 components from higher-twist terms, as the WW relation and BC sum rule have been used for investigating $x$ dependence and higher-twist effects in $g_2$. In deriving these relations, we indicate that four twist-3 multiparton distribution functions $F_{LT}$, $G_{LT}$, $H_{LL}^\perp$, and $H_{TT}$ exist for tensor-polarized spin-1 hadrons. These multiparton distribution functions are also interesting to probe multiparton correlations in spin-1 hadrons.
description: 22 pages, J. High Energy Phys. in press
Gamma-soft Analog of the Confined Beta-soft Rotor Model
Creators: name: Bonatsos, D.
name: Lenis, D.
name: Pietralla, N.
name: Terziev, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A gamma-soft analog of the confined beta-soft (CBS) rotor model is developed, by using a gamma-independent displaced infinite well beta-potential in the Bohr Hamiltonian, for which exact separation of variables is possible. Level schemes interpolating between the E(5) critical point symmetry (with R(4/2)=E(4)/E(2)= 2.20) and the O(5) gamma-soft rotor (with R(4/2)=2.50) are obtained, exhibiting a crossover of excited 0+ bandheads which leads to agreement with the general trends of first excited 0+ states in this region and is observed experimentally in 128-Xe and 130-Xe.
description: 10 pages, LaTeX, including 7 eps figures
Changes in the b value in and around the focal areas of the M6.9 and M6.8 earthquakes off the coast of Miyagi prefecture, Japan, in 2021
Creators: name: Nanjo, K. Z.
name: Yoshida, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated changes in the b value of the Gutenberg-Richter's law in and around the focal areas of earthquakes on March 20 and on May 1, 2021, with magnitude (M) 6.9 and 6.8, respectively, which occurred off the Pacific coast of Miyagi prefecture, northeastern Japan. We showed that the b value in these focal areas had been noticeably small, especially within a few years before the occurrence of the M6.9 earthquake in its vicinity, indicating that differential stress had been high in the focal areas. The coseismic slip of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake seems to have stopped just short of the east side of the focus of the M6.9 earthquake. Furthermore, the afterslip of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake was relatively small in the focal areas of the M6.9 and M6.8 earthquakes, compared to the surrounding regions. In addition, the focus of the M6.9 earthquake was situated close to the border point where the interplate slip in the period from 2012 through 2021 has been considerably larger on the northern side than on the southern side. The high-stress state inferred by the b-value analysis is concordant with those characteristics of interplate slip events. We found that the M6.8 earthquake on May 1 occurred near an area where the b value remained small, even after the M6.9 quake. The ruptured areas by the two earthquakes now seem to almost coincide with the small-b-value region that had existed before their occurrence. The b value on the east side of the focal areas of the M6.9 and M6.8 earthquakes which corresponds to the eastern part of the source region of the 1978 off-Miyagi prefecture earthquake was consistently large, while the seismicity enhanced by the two earthquakes also shows a large b value, implying that stress in the region has not been very high.
description: 5 Figures