cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Genetic population of threatened Hopea odorata Roxb. in the protected areas of Vietnam
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thi Phuong Trang
name: Tran, Thu Huong
name: Nguyen, Minh Duc
name: Sierens, Tim
name: Triest, Ludwig
Publisher: name: Journal of Vietnamese Environment
Year: 2014

description: Hopea odorata Roxb. is widely distributed in lowland forests in Vietnam and native to South-East Asia. Due to over-exploitation and habitat destruction, this species are now threatened and mainly restricted to protected areas for survival. In total, 70 adult individuals of three populations include BGM, TP and BE of Hopea odorata were investigated base on nine microsatellite loci. Analysis of molecular variance showed most genetic variation (73%) was within individuals. The mean values of genetic differentiation among populations was high with FST = 0.251. Allelic richness ranged from 2.444 - 3.293, pair wise differentiation was significant. Bayesian cluster analysis and FST values suggest three populations of Hopea odorata could be divided into two groups. Individual trees from the BGM and TP populations were more closely related than those of the BE population. Inbreeding within population was not significant, no null allele evidence was found but evidence for recent bottleneck events were found for the BE population at TPM = 0.01 suggesting that A reduction in the number of individuals could be the result of overharvesting in the past. This research provides additional useful information for conservation, management, and restoration of populations to the Protection Forestry Department, Vietnam. Sao Đen là loài cây gỗ phân bố rộng rãi trong các khu rừng đất thấp ở Việt Nam và các nước Đông Nam Á. Do khai thác quá mức và môi trường sống bị phá hủy mà loài này đang đứng trước nguy cơ bị đe dọa và hiện chỉ còn phân bố giới hạn trong các khu bảo tồn. Chúng tôi đã tiến hành phân tích đa dạng di truyền của ba quần thể loài Sao đen gồm BGM, TP và BE từ 70 mẫu cây trưởng thành dựa trên chín locus microsatellite. Kết quả phân tích cho thấy sự đa dạng di truyền xảy ra chủ yếu trong các cá thể (73%). Giá trị sai khác di truyền giữa các quần thể là khá cao (FST = 0.251), hệ số đa dạng alen dao dộng từ 2.444 đến 3.293, sự sai khác di truyền giữa các quần thể là có ý nghĩa. Kết quả phân tích cấu trúc di truyền và sự sai khác di truyền giữa ba quần thể đều khá cao. Hiện tượng tự thụ phấn xảy ra trong ba quần thể nghiên cứu chưa có ý nghĩa, không có các bằng chứng về sự xuất hiện của các alen vô nghĩa (điều mà thường xảy ra khi sử dụng chung locus microsatellite cho các loài hoặc các chi có mối quan hệ gần gũi). Nguyên lý thắt cổ chai trong di truyền (bottleneck) có khả năng xảy ra ở quần thể BE cho thấy khả năng trước đây nơi đây đã xảy ra sự khai thác quá mức làm số lượng cá thể giảm đột ngột. Nghiên cứu này cung cấp những thông tin về di truyền quan trọng cho cục Kiểm Lâm trong việc bảo tồn, phục hổi và quản lý bền vững quần thể loài Sao Đen ở Việt Nam.
description: Journal of Vietnamese Environment, Vol 6 No 1 (2014)
Key Elements and Effects of Cardiovascular Disease Management Programs based on Community-Based Participatory Research: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Creators: name: 0000000204460911
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are health problems that demonstrate high death and prevalence rates, and exhibit large health inequalities across different socio-economic status. Although interest in community-based participatory research (CBPR) is increasing because of the efforts to improve health equity, not enough literature review has been conducted on CBPR-based CVD management programs. The objective of this scoping review is to identify the key elements that should be considered when developing CBPR-based CVD management programs, and explore the effects of CBPR-based CVD management programs. Methods and analysis: This study will use the databases of PubMed, Cochrane, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). The criteria for selecting literature will be research that was published in or after 2000, applied CBPR, and either developed or implemented CVD management programs. No limit will be placed on the research design or method. Data extraction will be conducted independently by two researchers, and in the case of data mismatch, a consensus will be reached through discussion. The extracted data will be combined through narrative synthesis. Discussion: This scoping review will identify specific methods in the development and implementation process of CBPR-based CVD management programs, as well as the characteristics of the programs that were shown to be effective. Therefore, it will be able to provide specific guidelines to researchers, government agencies, and local organizations to design and implement participatory health promotion programs related to CVDs.
Dynamic changes of emitting electron distribution in the jet of 3C 279: signatures of acceleration and cooling
Creators: name: Yan, Dahai
name: He, Jianjian
name: Liao, Jinyuan
name: Zhang, Li
name: Zhang, Shuang-Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamic changes of electron energy distribution (EED) through systematically analysing the quasi-simultaneous spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the flat spectrum radio quasar 3C 279 in different states. With Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique we model fourteen SEDs of 3C 279 using a leptonic model with a three-parameter log-parabola electron energy distribution (EED). The 14 SEDs can be satisfactorily fitted with the one-zone leptonic model. The observed $γ$ rays in 13 states are attributed to Compton scattering of external infrared photons from a surrounding dusty torus. The curved $γ$-ray spectrum observed during 2-8 April 2014 is well explained by the external Compton of dust radiation. It is found that there is a clear positive correlation between the curvature parameter $b$ of the EED and the electron peak energy $γ'_{\rm pk}$. No clear correlation between $b$ and the synchrotron peak frequency $ν_{\rm s}$ is found, due to the varied product of Doppler factor and fluid magnetic field from state to state. We interpret the correlation of $b-γ'_{\rm pk}$ in a stochastic acceleration scenario. This positive correlation is in agreement with the prediction in the stage when the balance between acceleration and radiative cooling of the electrons is nearly established in the case of the turbulence spectral index $q=2$.
description: Accepted by MNRAS
GII.4 Human Norovirus: Surveying the Antigenic Landscape
Creators: name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Mallory, Michael L.
name: Graham, Rachel L.
name: Lindesmith, Lisa C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Human norovirus is the leading cause of viral acute onset gastroenteritis disease burden, with 685 million infections reported annually. Vulnerable populations, such as children under the age of 5 years, the immunocompromised, and the elderly show a need for inducible immunity, as symptomatic dehydration and malnutrition can be lethal. Extensive antigenic diversity between genotypes and within the GII.4 genotype present major challenges for the development of a broadly protective vaccine. Efforts have been devoted to characterizing antibody-binding interactions with dynamic human norovirus viral-like particles, which recognize distinct antigenic sites on the capsid. Neutralizing antibody functions recognizing these sites have been validated in both surrogate (ligand blockade of binding) and in vitro virus propagation systems. In this review, we focus on GII.4 capsid protein epitopes as defined by monoclonal antibody binding. As additional antibody epitopes are defined, antigenic sites emerge on the human norovirus capsid, revealing the antigenic landscape of GII.4 viruses. These data may provide a road map for the design of candidate vaccine immunogens that induce cross-protective immunity and the development of therapeutic antibodies and drugs.
title: Hydrologie bevaarbare waterlopen Vlaanderen: jaar 2023
Creators: name: Bertels, Jonas
name: Van Goethem, Stijn
name: Michielsen, Stef
name: Boeckx, Leen
name: Vereecken, Hans
name: Deschamps, Maarten
Publisher: name: Flanders Hydraulics
Year: 2024

description: Title : WL Rapporten. Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium: Antwerpen.
Volume : PA026_7
Issue :
Pagination : VII, 24 + 31 p. bijl.
Respiratory symptoms after coalmine fire and pandemic: a longitudinal analysis of the Hazelwood Health Study cohort - analytical code
Creators: name: Lane, Tyler
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420203
subject: Environmental epidemiology
classificationCode: 420699
subject: Public health not elsewhere classified

description: This repository includes cleaning and analytical R code for a longitudinal study of smoke effects on respiratory symptoms as well as cross-sectional analysis of the moderating effect of COVID-19 infection. Unfortunately, data are confidential and therefore cannot be shared.
The influence of childhood environment and genetics on inequalities in socio-economic status and BMI in the UK
Creators: name: Burik, Casper
name: Koellinger, Philipp
name: Kweon, Hyeokmoon
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: The purpose of this study is to estimate the effects of childhood environment, genetics and their interaction on inequalities in socio-economic status and BMI in the UK.
Identification of antibiotic-producing Bacillus sensu lato isolated from national parks of Hoang Lien and Phu Quoc in Vietnam
Creators: name: Dinh, Thi Tuyet Van
name: Bui, Nguyen Hai Linh
name: Duong, Van Hop
name: Doan, Mai Phuong
name: Trinh, Thanh Trung
Publisher: name: Journal of Vietnamese Environment
Year: 2014

description: Many lipopeptide antibiotics produced from Bacillus sensu lato (Bacillus s. l.) against drug-resistant bacteria have been recently reported. To explore the potential production of the antibiotics from this group of bacteria in Vietnam, we collected 38 soil samples from two national parks of Hoang Lien and Phu Quoc and isolated 411Bacillus s. l. strains. Of those, 22 strains had antagonistic activity against both susceptible S. aureus and E. coli. The strains were further tested on drug-resistant bacteria collected at Bach Mai hospital and 20 strains demonstrated antagonistic activity against at least 2 of 18 drug-resistant bacteria K. pneumoniae, E. coli, A. baumannii and S. aureus. Analysis of 16S rDNA sequence showed that most of the broad spectrum antibiotic producers were Paenibacillus species whereas narrow spectrum antibiotic producers were Bacillus species. Strains PQH 0103 and PQH 0410 were probably produced novel antibiotic agents as they suspected to be novel taxa in Paenibacillus genus. Moreover, strains PQH 1509 and PQH 1702 produced broad spectrum antibiotics were identified as P. chitinolyticus. To our best knowledge, there is no report on antibiotic production from this species. Further elucidation of chemical structure of antibiotics produced from Bacillus s. l. isolated in soils of Vietnam is needed. Gần đây, nhiều kháng sinh lipopeptide từ vi khuẩn Bacillus sensu lato (Bacillus s. l.) có khả năng sinh kháng sinh kháng vi khuẩn kháng thuốc đã được phát hiện và công bố. Để tìm hiểu khả năng sinh kháng sinh của nhóm vi khuẩn này ở Việt Nam, chúng tôi tiến hành thu thập 38 mẫu đất tại vườn Quốc gia Hoàng Liên và vườn Quốc gia Phú Quốc và phân lập được 411 chủng vi khuẩn Bacillus s. l.. Trong số đó, 22 chủng có khả năng sinh kháng sinh kháng 2 chủng vi khuẩn S. aureus và E. coli nhậy cảm thuốc. 20 trong số 22 chủng này có hoạt tính kháng ít nhất từ 2 đến 18 chủng kiểm định kháng thuốc thuộc các loài K. pneumoniae, E. coli, A. baumannii và S. aureus. Dựa trên kết quả phân loại bằng trình tự gene 16S rRNA, các chủng Bacillus s. l. sinh kháng sinh phổ rộng là các loài Paenibacillus trong khi đó các loài sinh kháng sinh phổ hẹp là Bacillus. Trên cây phát sinh chủng loại, chủng PQH 0103 và PQH 0410 có thể là những loài mới và có tiềm năng sinh các chất kháng sinh mới. Hơn nữa, chủng PQH 1509 và PQH 1702 sinh kháng sinh phổ rộng được phân loại vào loài P. chitinolyticus. Đây là loài chưa có công bố nào về khả năng sinh chất kháng sinh và có thể là loài sinh chất kháng sinh mới. Nghiên cứu giải mã cấu trúc chất kháng sinh từ các loài Bacillus s. l. phân lập tại Việt Nam cần được làm rõ trong tương lai.
description: Journal of Vietnamese Environment, Vol 6 No 1 (2014)
Naturalistic Observation of Interpersonal Emotion Regulation in Romantic Couples
Creators: name: Swerdlow, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Affective science
subject: Close relationships
subject: Interpersonal emotion regulation

description: Broadly speaking, this project aims to examine: (1) the feasibility, utility, and validity of using ambulatory acoustic recording as an ecologically valid tool to observe interpersonal emotion regulation interactions in daily life; (2) the phenomenology of interpersonal emotion regulation in the daily lives of committed, cohabiting romantic couples; (3) links between provision and receipt of interpersonal emotion regulation, momentary emotion, psychological wellbeing, and relationship satisfaction; (4) correspondences between provider, receiver, and observer ratings of interpersonal emotion regulation interactions; and (5) individual and relational differences that predict more or less frequent and effective use of interpersonal emotion regulation. Couples in this study are assessed at baseline using questionnaires and computerized tasks, at study completion using questionnaires, and, in the interim, using a combination of ecological momentary assessment and ambulatory acoustic monitoring (for eight days across four consecutive weeks). A secondary aim of this project is to examine predictors of cohabiting couples' coping with and adjustment to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Maternally Acquired Zika Antibodies Enhance Dengue Disease Severity in Mice
Creators: name: Mamidi, Anila
name: Fowler, Angela M.
name: Viramontes, Karla M.
name: Tang, William W.
name: Schooley, Robert T.
name: McCauley, Melanie D.
name: Shresta, Sujan
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Swanstrom, Jesica
name: Diamond, Michael S.
name: Govero, Jennifer
name: Carlin, Aaron F.
name: Young, Matthew P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Antibody (Ab)-dependent enhancement can exacerbate dengue virus (DENV) infection due to cross-reactive Abs from an initial DENV infection, facilitating replication of a second DENV. Zika virus (ZIKV) emerged in DENV-endemic areas, raising questions about whether existing immunity could affect these related flaviviruses. We show that mice born with circulating maternal Abs against ZIKV develop severe disease upon DENV infection. Compared with pups of naive mothers, those born to ZIKV-immune mice lacking type I interferon receptor in myeloid cells (LysMCre+Ifnar1fl/fl) exhibit heightened disease and viremia upon DENV infection. Passive transfer of IgG isolated from mice born to ZIKV-immune mothers resulted in increased viremia in naive recipient mice. Treatment with Abs blocking inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor linked to DENV disease or Abs blocking DENV entry improved survival of DENV-infected mice born to ZIKV-immune mothers. Thus, the maternal Ab response to ZIKV infection or vaccination might predispose to severe dengue disease in infants.
The group generated by the round functions of a GOST-like cipher
Creators: name: Aragona, R.
name: Caranti, A.
name: Sala, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20B15, 20B35, 94A60

description: We define a cipher that is an extension of GOST, and study the permutation group generated by its round functions. We show that, under minimal assumptions on the components of the cipher, this group is the alternating group on the plaintext space. This we do by first showing that the group is primitive, and then applying the O'Nan-Scott classification of primitive groups.
description: 20 pages. Fixed mistake with parity of permutations, shortened argument in final section
Modeling and analysis of an ultra-stable subluminal laser
Creators: name: Zhou, Zifan
name: Yablon, Joshua
name: Zhou, Minchuan
name: Wang, Ye
name: Heifetz, Alexander
name: Shahriar, Selim M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a subluminal laser which is extremely stable against perturbations. It makes use of a composite gain spectrum consisting of a broad background along with a narrow peak. The stability of the laser, defined as the change in frequency as a function of a change in the cavity length, is enhanced by a factor given by the group index, which can be as high as 105 for experimentally realizable parameters. We also show that the fundamental linewidth of such a laser is expected to be smaller by the same factor. We first present an analysis where the gain profile is modeled as a superposition of two Lorentzian functions. We then present a numerical study based on a physical scheme for realizing the composite gain profile. In this scheme, the broad gain is produced by a high pressure buffer-gas loaded cell of rubidium vapor. The narrow gain is produced by using a Raman pump in a second rubidium vapor cell, where optical pumping is used to produce a Raman population inversion. We show close agreement between the idealized model and the explicit model. A subluminal laser of this type may prove to be useful for many applications.
description: 37 pages, 17 figures
An Immunocompetent Mouse Model of Zika Virus Infection
Creators: name: McNally, Kristin L.
name: Ruckert, Claudia
name: Ebel, Gregory D.
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Best, Sonja M.
name: Tripathi, Shashank
name: Artyomov, Maxim N.
name: Ye, Jing
name: Zaitsev, Konstantin
name: Mysorekar, Indira U.
name: Dinnon III, Kenneth H.
name: Young, Michael C.
name: Robinson, Shelly J.
name: Diamond, Michael S.
name: Cao, Bin
name: Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo
name: Yount, Boyd L.
name: Wegner-Lucarelli, James
name: Zhu, Zhe
name: Morrison, Juliet
name: Begley, Matthew C.
name: Caine, Elizabeth
name: Uccellini, Melissa B.
name: Gorman, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Progress toward understanding Zika virus (ZIKV) pathogenesis is hindered by lack of immunocompetent small animal models, in part because ZIKV fails to effectively antagonize Stat2-dependent interferon (IFN) responses in mice. To address this limitation, we first passaged an African ZIKV strain (ZIKV-Dak-41525) through Rag1-/- mice to obtain a mouse-adapted virus (ZIKV-Dak-MA) that was more virulent than ZIKV-Dak-41525 in mice treated with an anti-Ifnar1 antibody. A G18R substitution in NS4B was the genetic basis for the increased replication, and resulted in decreased IFN-β production, diminished IFN-stimulated gene expression, and the greater brain infection observed with ZIKV-Dak-MA. To generate a fully immunocompetent mouse model of ZIKV infection, human STAT2 was introduced into the mouse Stat2 locus (hSTAT2 KI). Subcutaneous inoculation of pregnant hSTAT2 KI mice with ZIKV-Dak-MA resulted in spread to the placenta and fetal brain. An immunocompetent mouse model of ZIKV infection may prove valuable for evaluating countermeasures to limit disease.
Composing biodiversity indicators for the conservation of mangrove ecosystem in Xuan Thuy National Park, Vietnam
Creators: name: Haneji, Choshin
name: Do, Van Tu
name: Vu, Duc Loi
name: Duong, Tuan Hung
Publisher: name: Journal of Vietnamese Environment
Year: 2014

description: Biodiversity indicators for the conservation of mangrove ecosystems of Xuan Thuy National Park were composed, taking into account the environmental, biotic, and anthropological factors, based on suggested indicators provided by the Convention on Biological Diversity. Relevant environmental, biotic, and anthropological factors, identified by bibliographic and field surveys, were ordered by Pressures, State, Benefits, and Responses categories following the guidance of the Biodiversity Indicators Partnership. Furthermore, the linked relationships among the indicators were identified for effective monitoring of biodiversity in Xuan Thuy National Park. Dựa trên các chỉ thị được gợi ý từ Công ước về Đa dạng sinh học, các chỉ thị đa dạng sinh học phục vụ công tác bảo tồn các hệ sinh thái rừng ngập mặn của Vườn Quốc gia Xuân Thủy đã được xây dựng, có tính đến các yếu tố môi trường, sinh học và con người. Các yếu tố môi trường, sinh học và con người có liên quan, được xác định bằng việc tổng hợp và đánh giá các tài liệu và các đợt điều tra ngoài thực địa, dưới trật tự các nhóm Áp lực, Tình trạng, Lợi ích và Đáp ứng theo hướng dẫn của Đối tác chỉ thị đa dạng sinh học. Hơn thế nữa, các mối quan hệ liên kết giữa các chỉ thị đã được xác định nhằm quan trắc hiệu quả đa dạng sinh học ở Vườn Quốc gia Xuân Thủy.
description: Journal of Vietnamese Environment, Vol 6 No 2 (2014)
Emotion Regulation in Adolescents: Influences of Internal Representations of Relationships – An ERP study
Creators: name: desatnik, Alex
name: bel-bahar, tarik
name: Taylor, Lara
name: Nolte, Tobias
name: Crowley, Michael
name: Fonagy, Peter
name: Fearon, Pasco
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Developmental Neuroscience
subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Child Psychology
subject: Neuroscience and Neurobiology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This is the first study to consider the contribution of individual differences in internal representations of relationships, as measured by SCORS-G ratings of early memory narratives, to the neural correlates of emotion regulation (EEG findings) in adolescents.
Vector-like top/bottom quark partners and Higgs physics at the LHC
Creators: name: Angelescu, Andrei
name: Djouadi, Abdelhak
name: Moreau, Grégory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vector-like quarks (VLQs) that are partners of the heavy top and bottom quarks are predicted in many extensions of the Standard Model (SM). We explore the possibility that these states could explain not only the longstanding anomaly in the forward-backward asymmetry in $b$-quark production at LEP, $A_{\rm FB}^b $, but also the more recent $\sim 2σ$ deviation of the cross section for the associated Higgs production with top quark pairs at the LHC, $σ(pp\to t\bar t H)$. Introducing three illustrative models for VLQs with different representations under the SM gauge group, we show that the two anomalies can be resolved while satisfying all other theoretical and experimental constraints. In this case, the three different models predict VLQ states in the $1-2$ TeV mass range that can be soon probed at the LHC. In a second step, we discuss the sensitivity on the VLQ masses and couplings that could be obtained by means of a percent level accuracy in the measurement of ratios of partial Higgs decay widths, in particular $Γ(H \! \to\! γγ)/Γ(H \! \to\! ZZ^*)$ and $Γ(H \! \to \! b\bar b)/Γ(H \! \to \! WW^*)$. We show that top and bottom VL partners with masses up to $\sim 5$ TeV and exotic VLQs with masses in the $10$ TeV range can be probed at the high-luminosity LHC.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures; v2: added references
Cost of breast cancer care in low and middle-income countries: a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Erfani, Parsa
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Oncology
subject: breast cancer
subject: economic evaluation
subject: health care costs
subject: low and middle income countries

description: This review will describe the scope of the literature on the cost of breast cancer care in low and middle income countries (LMICs), summarize estimated costs of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment, and assess the methodologies used to calculate cost. The attached file contains the complete scoping review protocol.
Evaluation of a recombination-resistant coronavirus as a broadly applicable, rapidly implementable vaccine platform
Creators: name: Yount, Boyd
name: Deming, Meagan E.
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Deming, Damon J.
name: Graham, Rachel L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Emerging and re-emerging zoonotic viral diseases are major threats to global health, economic stability, and national security. Vaccines are key for reducing coronaviral disease burden; however, the utility of live-attenuated vaccines is limited by risks of reversion or repair. Because of their history of emergence events due to their prevalence in zoonotic pools, designing live-attenuated coronavirus vaccines that can be rapidly and broadly implemented is essential for outbreak preparedness. Here, we show that coronaviruses with completely rewired transcription regulatory networks (TRNs) are effective vaccines against SARS-CoV. The TRN-rewired viruses are attenuated and protect against lethal SARS-CoV challenge. While a 3-nt rewired TRN reverts via second-site mutation upon serial passage, a 7-nt rewired TRN is more stable, suggesting that a more extensively rewired TRN might be essential for avoiding growth selection. In summary, rewiring the TRN is a feasible strategy for limiting reversion in an effective live-attenuated coronavirus vaccine candidate that is potentially portable across the Nidovirales order.
Kinetic modeling of divertor heat load fluxes in the Alcator C-Mod and DIII-D tokamaks
Creators: name: Pankin, A. Y.
name: Rafiq, T.
name: Kritz, A. H.
name: Park, G. Y.
name: Chang, C. S.
name: Brunner, D.
name: Groebner, R. J.
name: Hughes, J. W.
name: LaBombard, B.
name: Terry, J. L.
name: Ku, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The guiding-center kinetic neoclassical transport code, XGC0, [C.S. Chang et. al, Phys. Plasmas 11, 2649 (2004)] is used to compute the heat fluxes and the heat-load width in the outer divertor plates of Alcator C-Mod and DIII-D tokamaks. The dependence of the width of heat-load fluxes on neoclassical effects, neutral collisions and anomalous transport is investigated using the XGC0 code. The XGC0 code includes realistic X-point geometry, a neutral source model, the effects of collisions, and a diffusion model for anomalous transport. It is observed that width of the XGC0 neoclassical heat-load is approximately inversely proportional to the total plasma current $I_{\rm p}$. The scaling of the width of the divertor heat-load with plasma current is examined for an Alcator C-Mod discharge and four DIII-D discharges. The scaling of the divertor heat-load width with plasma current is found to be weaker in the Alcator C-Mod discharge compared to scaling found in the DIII-D discharges. The effect of neutral collisions on the $1/I_{\rm p}$ scaling of heat-load width is shown not to be significant. Although inclusion of poloidally uniform anomalous transport results in a deviation from the $1/I_{\rm p}$ scaling, the inclusion of the anomalous transport that is driven by ballooning-type instabilities results in recovering the neoclassical $1/I_{\rm p}$ scaling. The Bohm or Gyro-Bohm scalings of anomalous transport does not strongly affect the dependence of the heat-load width on plasma current. The inclusion of anomalous transport, in general, results in widening the width of neoclassical divertor heat-load and enhances the neoclassical heat-load fluxes on the divertor plates. Understanding heat transport in the tokamak scrape-off layer plasmas is important for strengthening the basis for predicting divertor conditions in ITER.
description: Submitted to Physics of Plasmas
Are There Environmental Benefits from Driving Electric Vehicles? The Importance of Local Factors
Creators: name: Holland, Stephen P.
name: Mansur, Erin T.
name: Yates, Andrew J.
name: Muller, Nicholas Z.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: We combine a theoretical discrete-choice model of vehicle purchases, an econometric analysis of electricity emissions, and the AP2 air pollution model to estimate the geographic variation in the environmental benefits from driving electric vehicles. The second-best electric vehicle purchase subsidy ranges from $2,785 in California to -$4,964 in North Dakota, with a mean of -$1,095. Ninety percent of local environmental externalities from driving electric vehicles in one state are exported to others, implying they may be subsidized locally, even when the environmental benefits are negative overall. Geographically differentiated subsidies can reduce deadweight loss, but only modestly.
Direct measurement of second-order coupling in a waveguide lattice
Creators: name: Keil, Robert
name: Pressl, Benedikt
name: Heilmann, René
name: Gräfe, Markus
name: Weihs, Gregor
name: Szameit, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the next-nearest-neighbour coupling in an array of coupled optical waveguides directly via an integrated eigenmode interferometer. In contrast to light propagation experiments, the technique is insensitive to nearest-neighbour dynamics. Our results show that second-order coupling in a linear configuration can be suppressed well below the level expected from the exponential decay of the guided modes.
description: Accepted by Applied Physics Letters. After publication, it will be found at http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/apl
Freshwater crabs of Vietnam: diversity and conservation
Creators: name: Do, Van Tu
Publisher: name: Journal of Vietnamese Environment
Year: 2014

description: The freshwater crab fauna of Vietnam has a high diversity and endemism, 49 species have been recorded and 42 of them are only known from this country. In addition, many species are undescribed or undiscovered while at least 10% of known species are facing extinction. Water pollution, urban, industrial and agricultural development, habitat loss and fragmentation, deforestation and overexploitation are the main threats to this fauna. The first conservation recommendation is keeping rain forest tracts large enough to maintain habitat and water quality for long-term survival of these crabs. More research on taxonomy, distribution, population dynamics, main pressures, conservation status are needed in order to assess conservation status and create efficient conservation actions for freshwater crabs in Vietnam. Khu hệ cua nước ngọt ở Việt Nam có mức độ đa dạng và đặc hữu cao với 49 loài đã được ghi nhận, trong đó có tới 42 loài chỉ được biết đến ở Việt Nam. Ngoài ra, nhiều loài cua nước ngọt còn chưa được mô tả hay chưa được khám phá, trong khi có tới 10% trong tổng số loài đã biết đang phải đối mặt với nguy cơ tuyệt chủng. Ô nhiễm môi trường nước, đô thị hóa, phát triển công nghiệp và nông nghiệp, nơi sống bị phân mảnh và mất, phá rừng cùng với khai thác quá mức là những mối đe dọa chính đối với khu hệ này. Công tác bảo tồn trước hết phải giữ cho diện tích rừng đủ lớn để duy trì chất lượng môi trường sống cho sự tồn tại lâu dài của các loài cua này. Các nghiên cứu về phân loại học, phân bố, động lực quần thể là rất cần thiết để đánh giá tình trạng bảo tồn và đưa ra những hành động bảo tồn hiệu quả cho các loài cua nước ngọt ở Việt Nam.
description: Journal of Vietnamese Environment, Vol 6 No 2 (2014)
Minimal Models for Axion and Neutrino
Creators: name: Ahn, Y. H.
name: Chun, Eung Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The PQ mechanism resolving the strong CP problem and the seesaw mechanism explaining the smallness of neutrino masses may be related in a way that the PQ symmetry breaking scale and the seesaw scale arise from a common origin. Depending on how the PQ symmetry and the seesaw mechanism are realized, one has different predictions on the color and electromagnetic anomalies which could be tested in the future axion dark matter search experiments. Motivated by this, we construct various PQ seesaw models which are minimally extended from the (non-) supersymmetric Standard Model and thus set up different benchmark points on the axion-photon-photon coupling in comparison with the standard KSVZ and DFSZ models.
description: 12 pages and 2 figures, references added, matched with the published version in PLB
Energy-saving biomass stove
Creators: name: Hoang, Tri
Publisher: name: Journal of Vietnamese Environment
Year: 2014

description: This paper introduces an energy-saving biomass stove. The principle of energy-saving biomass stove is gasification. It is a chemical process, transforms solid fuel into a gas mixture, called (CO + H2 + CH4) gas. Emission lines in the stove chimneys typically remain high temperatures around 90° to 120°C. The composition of the flue gas consists of combustion products of rice husk which are mainly CO2, CO, N2. A little volatile in the rice husk, which could not burn completely, residual oxygen and dust will fly in airflow. The amount of dust in the outlet gas is a combination of un-burnt amount of impurity and firewood, usually occupied impurity rate of 1 % by weight of dry husk. Outlet dust of rice husk furnace has a normal size from 500μm to 0.1 micron and a particle concentration ranges from 200-500 mg/m3. Gas emissions is created when using energy-saving stove and they will be used as the main raw material in combustion process Therefore the CO2 emission into the environment when using the stove will be reduced up to 95% of a commonly used stove. Bài báo giới thiệu một bếp tiết kiệm dùng năng lượng sinh khối. Bếp tiết kiệm năng lượng thực hiện nguyên lý khí hóa sinh khối. Đó là một quá trình hóa học, chuyển hóa các loại nhiên liệu dạng rắn thành một dạng hỗn hợp khí đốt, gọi là khí Gas (CO + H2 + CH4). Dòng khí thải ra ở ống khói của bếp thông thường có nhiệt độ vẫn còn cao khoảng 90° ~ 120°C. Thành phần của khói thải bao gồm các sản phẩm cháy của trấu, chủ yếu là các khí CO2, CO, N2, một ít các chất bốc trong trấu không kịp cháy hết, oxy dư và tro bụi bay theo dòng khí. Lượng bụi tro có trong khói thải chính là một phần của lượng không cháy hết và lượng tạp chất không cháy có trong củi, lượng tạp chất này thường chiếm tỷ lệ 1% trọng lượng trấu khô. Bụi trong khói thải lò đốt trấu thông thường có kích thước hạt từ 500μm tới 0,1μm, nồng độ dao động trong khoảng từ 200-500 mg/m3. Lượng khí thải được sinh ra khi sử dụng bếp tiết kiệm năng lượng, sẽ được dùng làm nguyên liệu đốt cháy chính của quá trình đó. Do đó lượng khí CO2 thải ra môi trường khi sử dụng bếp tiết kiệm sẽ được giảm xuống 95 % so với sử dụng bếp thường.
description: Journal of Vietnamese Environment, Vol 6 No 2 (2014)
A New Model for Mixing By Double-Diffusive Convection (Semi-Convection). III. Thermal and Compositional Transport Through Non-Layered ODDC
Creators: name: Moll, Ryan
name: Garaud, Pascale
name: Stellmach, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oscillatory double-diffusive convection (ODDC) (also known as semi- convection) refers to a type of double diffusive instability that occurs in regions of planetary and stellar interiors which have a destabilizing thermal stratification and a stabilizing mean molecular weight stratification. In this series of papers, we use an extensive suite of three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulations to quantify the transport of heat and chemical species by ODDC. Rosenblum et al. (2011) first showed that ODDC can either spontaneously form layers, which significantly enhance the transport of heat and chemical species compared to mi- croscopic transport, or remain in a state dominated by large scale gravity waves, in which there is a more modest enhancement of the turbulent transport rates. Subsequent studies in this series have focused on identifying under what condi- tions layers form (Mirouh et al. 2012), and quantifying transport through layered systems (Wood et al. 2013). Here we proceed to characterize transport through systems that are unstable to the ODDC instability, but do not undergo spon- taneous layer formation. We measure the thermal and compositional fluxes in non-layered ODDC from both 2D and 3D numerical simulations and show that 3D simulations are well approximated by similar simulations in a 2D domain. We find that the turbulent mixing rate in this regime is weak and can, to a first level approximation, be neglected. We conclude by summarizing the findings of papers I through III into a single prescription for transport by ODDC.
description: Submitted to ApJ
Is regulation preventing the development of therapeutics that may prevent future coronavirus pandemics?
Creators: name: Sheahan, Timothy P.
name: Baric, Ralph S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: In the last century, hundreds of new emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) have arisen in human populations most of which originate from wild animals as zoonoses [1]. The recent surge of zoonotic EIDs in human populations is driven by a constellation of socioeconomic factors including human population growth, eroding public health infrastructures, changes in land use and agriculture and ease of global travel. HIV, Ebola virus, avian influenza (H5N1, H7N9, etc.), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are but a few recent examples of highly virulent, zoonotic viral EIDs that have catastrophically affected global economies and public health [2]. Geopolitical flux since the 1990s and the potential for weaponizing EIDs provoked the creation of myriad policies aimed at protecting the USA from bioterrorist threats and the accidental release of potential pandemic pathogens from laboratories. Are these policies effective? Are they impacting countermeasure development for current and future EIDs? How are they shaping the direction of individual research programs, the recruitment of new investigators and the stability of impacted fields? Below, we discuss our experiences in developing therapeutics against SARS-, MERS- and zoonotic CoV in an ever changing regulatory environment.
Work-related health literacy: a scoping review to clarify the concept
Creators: name: Ehmann, Anna
name: Ög, Eylem
name: Rieger, Monika
name: Siegel, Achim
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene
subject: Mental and Social Health
subject: Health Services Research
subject: Employability
subject: Health Literacy
subject: Scoping Review
subject: Work ability
subject: Workplace setting

description: In this scoping review we aim to provide the current state of research on work-related health literacy. The main research question will be: How is work-related health literacy defined or conceptualized? Additional questions to be answered will be on how work-related health literacy can be measured and which interventions to promote work-related health literacy are available to date.
Push button reproduction attempt of a research claim from Guy Grossman and Janet Lewis, (2014), in American Political Science Review
Creators: name: Tutor, Melba
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Claim paragraph (from the sourcing sheet): We selected the claim that areas that are more marginalized politically are more likely to secede from their local administrative unit, forming “their own” new local government (Statement 2). This reflects the following statement from the paper's abstract: "We posit that administrative unit proliferation occurs where and when there is a confluence of interests between the national executive and local citizens and elites from areas that are politically, economically, and ethnically marginalized" (Statement 1). The claim is tested with data from Uganda with a unit of analysis of county-wave (163 counties and three interelection periods). The independent variable for the claim selected for the SCORE program -- DEC share ratio -- is a measure of political marginalization at the county level, and is calculated as the ratio of a country's share of seats on the DEC to its population share in a given election wave ["country's share" is transcribed from the original article]. The dependent variable is an indicator variable of whether the county became part of a new district (splinter) in the electoral period. It is analyzed in a random intercept multi-level model as a function of DEC share ratio, a measure of ethnic marginalization, a development summary index, the number of counties in the district, a lag of the split category in the previous wave, region and time indicators, and additional terms accounting for between county variance, within county variance, time-varying political variables, and time-invariant sociodemographic controls (see Model 4 of Table 4 for the full specification of the model selected as evidence for the SCORE program) (Statement 3). The likelihood that a county secedes to form a new district is decreasing in its DEC share (coefficient on DEC share ratio term = -0.79, SE = 0.20, p < 0.01) (Statement 4). The focal test in the original paper is: The likelihood that a county secedes to form a new district is decreasing in its DEC share (coefficient on DEC share ratio term = -0.79, SE = 0.20, p < 0.01).
Human coronaviruses and other respiratory infections in young adults on a university campus: Prevalence, symptoms, and shedding
Creators: name: Martin, Emily T.
name: Rainey, Jeanette J.
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Foxman, Betsy
name: Davis, Brian M.
name: Uzicanin, Amra
name: Aiello, Allison E.
name: Monto, Arnold S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: BACKGROUND:
The prevalence, symptom course, and shedding in persons infected with the 4 most common human coronaviruses (HCoV)-229E, HKU1, NL63, and OC43 are poorly described.

OBJECTIVES:
We estimate their prevalence and associated symptoms among college students identified via a social network study design.

PATIENTS/METHODS:
We collected 1-3 samples (n = 250 specimens) from 176 participants between October 2012 and January 17, 2013: participants with acute respiratory infection (ARI; cough and body aches or chills or fever/feverishness) and their social contacts. Virus was detected using RT-PCR.

RESULTS:
30.4% (76/250) of specimens tested positive for any virus tested, and 4.8% (12/250) were positive for 2 or more viruses. Human coronaviruses (HCoVs [22.0%; 55/250]), rhinovirus (7.6%; 19/250), and influenza A (6.4%; 16/250) were most prevalent. Symptoms changed significantly over time among ARI participants with HCoV: the prevalence of cough and chills decreased over 6 days (P = .04, and P = .01, respectively), while runny nose increased over the same period (P = .02). HCoV-NL63 was the most frequent virus detected 6 days following symptom onset (8.9%), followed by rhinovirus (6.7%).

CONCLUSIONS:
During a 3-month period covering a single season, HCoVs were common, even among social contacts without respiratory symptoms; specific symptoms may change over the course of HCoV-associated illness and were similar to symptoms from influenza and rhinovirus.
Research on the status of chemical pesticide uses in agricultural activities in Phan Me commune, Phu Luong district, Thai Nguyen province
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thi Hue
name: Ha, Dinh Nghiem
Publisher: name: Journal of Vietnamese Environment
Year: 2014

description: Phan Me is a midland-mountainous commune of Phu Luong district, Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam where the agricultural activities are predominant occupation. The investigation on the use of plant protection products in here showed that chemical pesticides have been commonly used in agricultural activities. Although some local people have a good attitude in using plant protection products, the status of using chemical pesticides that were not recommended (like Vofatox) has been quite popular due to the old cultivation customs. The local people have not applied any measures for wastewater treatment, or plant protection product package treatment. Besides, the use of plant protection products in higher concentration than recommendation for vegetables or crops caused the residues of toxics in agricultural products as well as in cultivation soil. The accumulation of toxic residues in the environment is a serious matter of concern because of their significant impact on the environment, agricultural ecosystem and human health. Phấn Mễ là một xã trung du miền núi của huyện Phú Lương, tỉnh Thái Nguyên, Việt Nam với hoạt động sản xuất nông nghiệp là chủ yếu. Qua thực tế điều tra tình hình sử dụng thuốc bảo vệ thực vật (BVTV) tại đây cho thấy hầu hết các loại hình sản xuất nông nghiệp đều sử dụng thuốc BVTV. Một số người dân đã có ý thức trong việc sử dụng thuốc BVTV tuy nhiên do tập quán canh tác từ lâu đời nên việc sử dụng các loại thuốc bị khuyến cáo, chẳng hạn như Vofatox, vẫn còn khá phổ biến. Người dân chưa tiến hành các biện pháp để xử lý nước thải, bao bì, vỏ chai thuốc BVTV sau khi sử dụng. Bên canh đó, họ còn sử dụng thuốc BVTV không đúng liều lượng cho một số loại cây rau để lại dư lượng thuốc trên nông sản cũng như đất canh tác. Sự tích lũy dư lượng của những chất độc hại này trong môi trường là vấn đề đáng lo ngại do sự ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng của chúng đối với môi trường sống, hệ sinh thái nông nghiệp và sức khỏe con người.
description: Journal of Vietnamese Environment, Vol 6 No 2 (2014)