In-silico Investigation of Intracranial Aneurysms in the Anterior Communicating Artery Zone: A Fluid-Structure Interaction Approach
Creators: name: G. Rahma, Ahmed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 401203
subject: Biomedical fluid mechanics
classificationCode: 401204
subject: Computational methods in fluid flow, heat and mass transfer (incl. computational fluid dynamics)
classificationCode: 401206
subject: Fluid-structure interaction and aeroacoustics

description: In this study, we present a comprehensive investigation into the behavior of intracranial aneurysms within the Anterior Communicating Artery (ACoA) zone, combining both Stage 1 and Stage 2 analyses. Stage 1 involves a 3D CFD simulation utilizing ANSYS Software to explore the intricate interplay between aneurysm size and bifurcation angles (α◦) in the ante rior communicating artery (ACoA) zone. We utilize 15 idealized models created through the simplification of patient-specific artery. Our investigation encompasses wall hemodynamics, f low structure, tissue mechanical parameters, and the assessment of rupture risk. The com plex wall hemodynamics are studied in detail, revealing distinct flow recirculation patterns that exhibit a strong dependence on both aneurysm size and α◦. These patterns shed light on the distribution of velocity and pressure within the ACoA, providing critical insights into the underlying flow dynamics. Moreover, our analysis highlights positions of maximum defor mation andequivalent von Mises stress (σVM), offering a comprehensive view of the interplay between these parameters and aneurysm size or α◦. These revelations not only contribute to the understanding of aneurysm biomechanics but also offer essential information for clinical decision-making and management strategies. In Stage 2 of our study, we expanded upon the insights gained from Stage 1 by con ducting a comprehensive two-way Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) simulation for the pa tient specific aretery. The study explores the intricate dynamics between fluid behavior and structural mechanics within the arterial system, aiming to predict potential rupture points and advance our understanding of vascular pathology. Through detailed examination of flow pat terns and wall hemodynamics, valuable insights into the behavior of intracranial aneurysms are gained. Complex flow recirculation patterns within the aneurysm, coupled with notable changes in wall pressure and pressure contours, particularly at the aneurysm tip, are revealed. Additionally, the crucial role of Wall Shear Stress (WSS) in identifying potential rupture sites is highlighted, with fluctuations in WSS offering predictive value for aneurysm rupture. Furthermore, analysis of Time-Averaged Wall Shear Stress (TAWSS) and Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI) contours provides essential insights into regions prone to rupture, emphasizing the importance of these parameters in clinical decision-making. Finally, examination of wall velocity, deformation, and von Mises stresses offers critical insights into arterial biomechan ics, aiding in diagnosis and treatment strategies for cerebrovascular disorders. Overall, the study showcases the utility of two-way FSI simulations in predicting aneurysm behavior and guiding clinical decision-making processes. By providing comprehensive insights into flow dynamics and wall mechanics, the analysis offers valuable contributions to both research and clinical applications in managing intracranial aneurysms effectively.