cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
heSRPT: Parallel Scheduling to Minimize Mean Slowdown
Creators: name: Berg, Benjamin
name: Vesilo, Rein
name: Harchol-Balter, Mor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern data centers serve workloads which are capable of exploiting parallelism. When a job parallelizes across multiple servers it will complete more quickly, but jobs receive diminishing returns from being allocated additional servers. Because allocating multiple servers to a single job is inefficient, it is unclear how best to allocate a fixed number of servers between many parallelizable jobs. This paper provides the first optimal allocation policy for minimizing the mean slowdown of parallelizable jobs of known size when all jobs are present at time 0. Our policy provides a simple closed form formula for the optimal allocations at every moment in time. Minimizing mean slowdown usually requires favoring short jobs over long ones (as in the SRPT policy). However, because parallelizable jobs have sublinear speedup functions, system efficiency is also an issue. System efficiency is maximized by giving equal allocations to all jobs and thus competes with the goal of prioritizing small jobs. Our optimal policy, high-efficiency SRPT (heSRPT), balances these competing goals. heSRPT completes jobs according to their size order, but maintains overall system efficiency by allocating some servers to each job at every moment in time. Our results generalize to also provide the optimal allocation policy with respect to mean flow time. Finally, we consider the online case where jobs arrive to the system over time. While optimizing mean slowdown in the online setting is even more difficult, we find that heSRPT provides an excellent heuristic policy for the online setting. In fact, our simulations show that heSRPT significantly outperforms state-of-the-art allocation policies for parallelizable jobs.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1903.09346
Characterization of selected boundary layer convergence zones observed in IHOP (2002) and REFRACTT (2006)
Creators: name: Aguilar, Theresa
name: Weckwerth, Tammy
name: Kessinger, Cathy
name: Henson, Robert
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Thunderstorm development
Reflectivity
Water vapor
Refractivity
Outflow
Bore

Boundary layer convergence zones (BLCZs), atmospheric features that are capable of causing convergence near the surface, are well-known to be precursors of thunderstorm development. Recent field projects have provided useful data from surface stations as well as reflectivity, velocity, and a new radar-derived field for water vapor measurements, refractivity, all of which can be used to better characterize the three-dimensional structure of BLCZs. This research analyzes selected boundaries from the 2002 International H20 Project (IHOP) and the 2006 Refractivity Experiment For H20 Research And Collaborative operational Technology Transfer (REFRACTT). The 8 cases selected from IHOP and REFRACTT were analyzed and compared on a variety of aspects: boundary type (4 outflows. 2 bores. 1 moving boundary of unknown origin, and 1 topography-induced boundary), differences within boundary type (outflow, bore), location (between Colorado and Oklahoma, between surface stations in IHOP), and observation type (surface station vs. radar). For the eight cases examined, the boundary-layer depth varied from 1.0 to 2.4 kilometers. The depth, propagation speed, and fine-line width of the four outflows were positively correlated. The two bores lasted up to several hours, longer than other BLCZ types, and the boundary-layer depth of the bores varied inversely with the propagation speed. Refractivity data showed that the gradient of moisture was on the west side of boundaries regardless of their direction of motion. More work is needed to verify these characteristics of BLCZs types and extend the knowledge to other types.
A "super" star cluster grown old: the most massive star cluster in the Local Group
Creators: name: Ma, J.
name: de Grijs, R.
name: Yang, Y.
name: Zhou, X.
name: Chen, J.
name: Jiang, Z.
name: Wu, Z.
name: Wu, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We independently redetermine the reddening and age of the globular cluster 037-B327 in M31 by comparing independently obtained multicolour photometry with theoretical stellar population synthesis models. 037-B327 has long been known to have a very large reddening value, which we confirm to be E(B-V)=1.360+-0.013, in good agreement with the previous results. We redetermine its most likely age at 12.4+- 3.2 Gyr. 037-B327 is a prime example of an unusually bright early counterpart to the ubiquitous ``super'' star clusters presently observed in most high-intensity star-forming regions in the local Universe. In order to have survived for a Hubble time, we conclude that its stellar IMF cannot have been top-heavy. Using this constraint, and a variety of SSP models, we determine a photometric mass of M_{GC}=(3.0+-0.5)*10^7, somewhat depending on the SSP models used, the metallicity and age adopted and the IMF representation. This mass, and its relatively small uncertainties, make this object the most massive star cluster of any age in the Local Group. Assuming that the photometric mass estimate thus derived is fairly close to its dynamical mass, we predict that this GC has a (one-dimensional) velocity dispersion of order (72+-13)km/s. As a surviving "super" star cluster, this object is of prime importance for theories aimed at describing massive star cluster evolution.
description: Accepted for Publication in MNRAS, 8 pages, 4 figures
Probing new physics in semileptonic $Σ_b$ and $Ω_b$ decays
Creators: name: Sheng, Jin-Huan
name: Zhu, Jie
name: Li, Xiao-Nan
name: Hu, Quan-Yi
name: Wang, Ru-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, several hints of lepton non-universality have been observed in the semileptonic B meson decays in terms of both in the neutral current ($b\to s l \bar{l}$) and charged current ($b\to c l \bar{ν_{l}}$) transitions. Motivated by these inspiring results, we perform the analysis of the baryon decays ${Σ_b}\to Σ_c l \bar{ν_{l}}$ and $Ω_b\to Ω_c l \bar{ν_{l}} (l=e,μ,τ)$ which are mediated by $ b \to c l \bar{ν_{l}}$ transitions at the quark level, to scrutinize the nature of new physics (NP) in the model independent method. We first use the experimental measurements of $\mathcal{B}( B\to D^{(*)} l\bar{ν_{l}})$, ${\rm R}_{D^{(*)}}$ and ${\rm R}_{J/ψ}$ to constrain the NP coupling parameters in a variety of scenarios. Using the constrained NP coupling parameters, we report numerical results on various observables related to the processes ${Σ_b}\to Σ_c l \bar{ν_{l}}$ and $Ω_b\to Ω_c l \bar{ν_{l}}$, such as the branching ratios, the ratio of branching fractions, the lepton side forward-backward asymmetries, the hadron and lepton longitudinal polarization asymmetries and the convexity parameter. We also provide the $q^2$ dependency of these observables and we hope that the corresponding numerical results in this work will be testified by future experiments.
description: 11 pages 4 figures Accept by PRD
New look at the $[{\bf 70},1^-]$ baryon multiplet in the $1/N_c$ expansion
Creators: name: Matagne, N.
name: Stancu, Fl.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: So far, the masses of excited states of mixed orbital symmetry and in particular those of nonstrange $[{\bf 70},1^-]$ baryons derived in the $1/N_c$ expansion were based on the separation of a system of $N_c$ quarks into a symmetric core and an excited quark. Here we avoid this separation and show that an advantage of this new approach is to substantially reduce the number of linearly independent operators entering the mass formula. A novelty is that the isospin-isospin term becomes as dominant in $Δ$ as the spin-spin term in $N$ resonances.
description: 12 pages, 7 tables, to be published in Nuclear Physics A
Index for Supergravity on AdS_5 \times T^{1,1} and Conifold Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Nakayama, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the index for the conifold gauge theory from type IIB supergravity (superstring) on AdS_5 \times T^{1,1}. We discuss its implication from the gauge theory viewpoint.
description: 20 pages, v2: minor corrections, reference added
Hurricane & tropical storm impacts over the South Florida Metropolitan area: Mortality & government
Creators: name: Colon Pagan, Ian Carlos
name: Hayden, Mary
name: Borbor-Cordova, Mercy
name: Mumford, Kyle
name: Eastburn, Teresa
name: Rodriguez, Luna
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Tropical cyclone
Social vulnerability
Mortality levels
Physical characteristics
Government actions
Hazards

Since 1985, the South Florida Metropolitan area (SFMA), which covers the counties of Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach, has been directly affected by 9 tropical cyclones, four tropical storms and 5 hurricanes. This continuous hurricane and tropical storm activity has awakened the conscience of the communities, government, and private sector, about the social vulnerability, in terms of age, gender, ethnicity, and others. Several factors have also been significant enough to affect the vulnerability of the SFMA, like its geographic location which is at the western part of the Atlantic hurricane track, with a surface area of 6,137 square miles, and elevation of 15 feet. And second, from the 2006 Census estimate, this metropolitan area is the 7th most populous area in the United States supporting almost 1,571 individuals per square mile. Mortality levels due to hurricanes and tropical storms have fluctuated over the last 21 years without any signal of a complete reduction, a phenomenon that can be related to both; physical characteristic of the storms and government actions. Results reflect a lack of focus on hurricane and tropical storm related theme, while a decrease in funding can be the consequence of less interest and much more attention on less probably hazards with a long term recovery period, such as terrorism. Even though the government has an important role in hurricanes and tropical storms mitigation, some of the main ideas to decrease mortality are focused in networking between private and public sector and the understanding of self-vulnerability of each individual.
A complete study of electroactive polymers for energy scavenging: modelling and experiments
Creators: name: Jean-Mistral, C.
name: Basrour, S.
name: Chaillout, J. J.
name: Bonvilain, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent progresses in ultra low power microelectronics propelled the development of several microsensors and particularly the self powered microsystems (SPMS). One of their limitations is their size and their autonomy due to short lifetime of the batteries available on the market. To ensure their ecological energetic autonomy, a promising alternative is to scavenge the ambient energy such as the mechanical one. Nowadays, few microgenerators operate at low frequency. They are often rigid structures that can perturb the application or the environment; none of them are perfectly flexible. Thus, our objective is to create a flexible, non-intrusive scavenger using electroactive polymers. The goal of this work is to design a generator which can provide typically 100 ?W to supply a low consumption system. We report in this paper an analytical model which predicts the energy produced by a simple electroactive membrane, and some promising experimental results.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDA Publishing Association (http://irevues.inist.fr/EDA-Publishing)
Development of the CMS Magnetic Field Map
Creators: name: Amapane, Nicola
name: Klyukhin, Vyacheslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article focuses on pioneering work on the performance of the three-dimensional (3D) magnetic field map in the entire volume of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. In the CMS heterogeneous magnetic system, the magnetic flux is created by a superconducting solenoid coil enclosed in a steel flux-return yoke. To describe the CMS magnetic flux distribution, a system of the primitive 3D volumes containing the values of the magnetic flux density measured inside the superconducting coil inner volume and modelled outside the coil across a special mesh of reference nodes was developed. This system, called the CMS magnetic field map, follows the geometric features of the yoke and allows the interpolation of the magnetic flux density between the nodes to obtain the magnetic field values at any spatial point inside a cylinder of 18 m in diameter and 48 m in length, where all the CMS sub-detectors are located. The geometry of the volumes is described inside one 30° azimuthal sector of the CMS magnet. To obtain the values of the magnetic flux density components across the entire azimuth angle of the CMS detector, rotational symmetry is applied.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 1 equation, 32 references
Single-domain versus two-domain configuration in thin ferromagnetic prisms
Creators: name: Pini, Maria Gloria
name: Politi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thin ferromagnetic elements in the form of rectangular prisms are theoretically investigated in order to study the transition from single-domain to two-domain state, with changing the in-plane aspect ratio p. We address two main questions: first, how general is the transition; second, how the critical value p_c depends on the physical parameters. We use two complementary methods: discrete-lattice calculations and a micromagnetic continuum approach. Ultrathin films do not appear to split in two domains. Instead, thicker films may undergo the above transition. We have used the continuum approach to analyze recent Magnetic Force Microscopy observations in 30 nm-thick patterned Permalloy elements, finding a good agreement for p_c.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures
Investigation of the global atmospheric oxidation chemistry by ozone--non-methane hydrocarbon correlation analysis
Creators: name: Diaz, Karen
name: Helmig, Detlev
name: Trudeau, Michael
name: Henderson, Peter
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Surface ozone
Health effects
Criteria pollutant
Anthropogenic emissions
Nitrogen oxides
Photochemical
Greenhouse gas
Seasonal variation

Surface ozone has negative health effects, it is considered a criteria pollutant by the U.S.E.P.A., and can damage crops and building materials. In the Northern Hemisphere, surface background ozone is increasing in remote locations. This increase is believed to be due to the increase in anthropogenic emissions of ozone precursor compounds (i.e. nitrogen oxides and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC)). Therefore, studying of relationships between ozone and NMHC allow deciphering the atmospheric processes that contribute to photochemical ozone production and transport. New monitoring programs that recently began at NOAAâs Global Monitoring Divisionâs cooperative greenhouse gas network sites offer an opportunity to study these relationships at these network locations. Data from 2005-2006 had been used for this correlation analysis. It was found that both ozone and the NMHC exhibit higher concentrations in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere. Time series graphs were plotted to observe seasonal variation between these species. However, it could not be determined a strong positive linear correlation between the ozone and the NMHC studied. Correlations between NMHC and ozone show considerable variability between these sites and times of year. This result indicates the complexity and difference in processes that determine the ozone chemistry in the different environments that are represented by the NOAA monitoring sites.
Evolution of a Network of Vortex Loops in the Turbulent Superfluid Helium; Derivation of the Vinen Equation
Creators: name: Nemirovskii, Sergey K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution a network of vortex loops due to the fusion and breakdown in the turbulent superfluid helium is studied. We perform investigation on the base of the "rate equation" for the distribution function $n(l)$ of number of loops in space of their length $l$. There are two mechanisms for change of quantity $n(l)$. Firstly, the function changes due to deterministic process of mutual friction, when the length grows or decreases depending on orientation. Secondly, the change of $n(l)$ occurs due to random events when the loop crosses itself breaking down into two daughter or two loops collide merging into one larger loop. Accordingly the "rate equation" includes the "collision" term collecting random processes of fusion and breakdown and the deterministic term. Assuming, further, that processes of random colliding are fastest we are in position to study more slow processes related to deterministic term. In this way we study the evolution of full length of vortex loops per unit volume-so called vortex line density ${\cal L}(t)$. It is shown this evolution to obey the famous Vinen equation. In conclusion we discuss properties of the Vinen equation from the point of view of the developed approach.
description: Presentation at QFS2006, submitted to JLTP
Aqueous Laponite Dispersions are Attractive Gels, Not Repulsive Wigner Glasses: A Critical Commentary
Creators: name: Joshi, Yogesh M
name: Patel, Shrajesh
name: Suman, Khushboo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An aqueous dispersion of Laponite has been studied in the literature for over the past three decades. Typically, the aqueous dispersion of Laponite undergoes incessant evolution of its microstructure, wherein its elastic modulus and the mean relaxation time show a continuous increase as a function of time. A considerable amount of discussion has revolved around the nature of this dispersion, specifically whether it can be classified as a repulsive Wigner glass state, characterized by disconnected Laponite particles stabilized by electrostatic repulsions, or an attractive gel state, in which the particles form a percolated space-spanning network. The proponents of the Wigner glass state also conjecture that this system experiences a glass-glass transition after a period of two days has elapsed since its preparation. In this commentary, we explore this topic from a rheological point of view analyzing the published literature and performing new experiments. Aided by additional evidence from the literature, we propose that rheological behavior overwhelmingly suggests that an aqueous dispersion of Laponite undergoes sol - attractive gel transition and remains in the attractive gel state over at least up to 7 days without undergoing any additional transition. Importantly, rheology, despite being a macroscopic tool governed by principles of mechanics, offers profound insight into the microstructure of this particular system. The corresponding analysis conclusively determines the state of an aqueous dispersion of Laponite to be an attractive gel.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Climate influences on Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) in Sequim Bay, Washington State
Creators: name: Fernández, Alisha
name: Moore, Stephanie
name: Trainer, Vera
name: Metcalfe, Travis
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Puget Sound
Neurotoxins
Paralytic Shellfish Toxins
Filter feeding shellfish
Human health
Climate factors
Shellfish toxicity
Blue Mussels
Streamflow
Sea surface temperature

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) of Alexandrium catenella have been documented in Puget Sound, Washington State, for over 60 years. A. Catenella produce a suite of potent neurotoxins, known collectively as Paralytic Shellfish Toxins (PSTs), that accumulate in filter feeding shellfish. Consumption of contaminated shellfish poses a significant threat to human health. Data from the Washington State Department of Health’s (WDoH) Biotoxin Program were used to determine variability in PST behavior and determine if local and/or large-scale climate factors contribute to the development of events at Sequim Bay in Puget Sound. This embayment has been identified as a “hot spot” in Puget Sound for shellfish toxicity. Correlation analysis of seasonally averaged PST levels in Blue Mussels, Mytilus edulis, with local environmental conditions revealed significant and robust relationships with streamflow and sea surface temperature (SST). This indicated that low streamflow and SST’s in the fall may increase PST risk. A high frequency event analysis of PST variability on a daily timescale was conducted for exceptional toxic events in 1992, 1993, 1994, and 2000. This analysis focused on the 14 days prior to the events to determine a combination of favorable conditions that may initiate and sustain high toxicity. Of the preceding favorable environmental conditions, streamflow and air temperature contributed most to the development of toxic events. Thus, warm temperatures and low streamflow conditions may stimulate bloom growth and determine conditions for high shellfish toxicity during fall months. We hope to apply these findings to better predict PST risks in Puget Sound.
Step-up converter for electromagnetic vibrational energy scavenger
Creators: name: Saha, C.
name: O'Donnell, T.
name: Godsell, J.
name: Carlioz, L.
name: Wang, N.
name: Mccloskey, P.
name: Beeby, S.
name: Tudor, J.
name: Torah, Russel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces a voltage multiplier (VM) circuit which can step up a minimum voltage of 150 mV (peak). The operation and characteristics of this converter circuit are described. The voltage multiplier circuit is also tested with micro and macro scale electromagnetic vibrational generators and the effect of the VM on the optimum load conditions of the electromagnetic generator is presented. The measured results show that 85% efficiency can be achieved from this VM circuit at a power level of 18 ?W.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDA Publishing Association (http://irevues.inist.fr/EDA-Publishing)
Implementing a C++ interface for netCDF-4
Creators: name: Forbes, Shanna-Shaye
name: Hartnett, Ed
name: Loft, Richard
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Network common data form
Unidata
Atmospheric
Geoscience
NetCDF-3
Data complexity
User defined
Fortran

The network common data form (netCDF) was created by Unidata at the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research to simplify data access and sharing in the atmospheric and geoscience science community. Even though the current full release of netCDF, known at netCDF-3, has proven to be successful, increasing data complexity and user demands for increased functionality have necessitated a new release of netCDF with improved functionality and the ability to store user defined data types. With these requirements in mind, Unidata created netCDF-4 which augments the functionality of netCDF-3 with more flexible ways to add data, better support for custom data structures, and simplified use of another more complex data model, known as HDF5. At present netCDF-4 interfaces exist for C and Fortran, however none exists for C++. This projectâs aim was to design and implement a C++ interface for netCDF-4. The netCDF-4 C++ interface was implemented as a thin layer on top of the netCDF-4 C interface; its design, however, allows all the functionality of a full C++ implementation. The netCDF-4 C++ interface will allow data providers and developers with a preference for C++ to take advantage of the new features netCDF-4 offers for creating portable, self-describing datasets. A prototype version of the C++ interface is available for evaluation and testing from http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/software/netcdf/netcdf-4. Comments should be directed to Ed Hartnett at ed@unidata.ucar.edu.
Non-Markovian effects in the spin-boson model at zero temperature
Creators: name: Wenderoth, Sebastian
name: Breuer, Heinz-Peter
name: Thoss, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate memory effects in the spin-boson model using a recently proposed measure for non-Markovian behavior based on the information exchange between an open system and its environment. Employing the numerical exact multilayer multiconfguration time-dependent Hartree approach, we simulate the dynamics of the spin-boson model at zero temperature for a broad range of parameters. For a fast bath, i.e. in the scaling limit, we find non-Markovian dynamics for a coherently decaying spin at weak system-bath coupling, whereas memory effects are absent for stronger coupling in the regimes of incoherent decay and localization. If the time scales of system and bath are comparable, a complex, non-monotonic dependence of non-Markovianity on the system-bath coupling strength is observed.
description: 12 pages (incl. Supplemental Material), 7 figures
Oxytricha opisthomuscorum Foissner, Blatterer, Berger & Kohmann 1991
Creators: name: Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto
name: Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso
name: Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ciliophora
Hypotrichea
Oxytrichida
Oxytrichidae
Oxytricha
Oxytricha opisthomuscorum

description: Oxytricha opisthomuscorum Foissner, Blatterer, Berger & Kohmann, 1991
Distribution. MEXICO: Santuario del Bosque de Niebla, near Xalapa (Durán-Ramírez et al. 2015), (Th).
description: Published as part of Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto, Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso & Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-, 2020, Checklist of ciliates (Alveolata: Ciliophora) that inhabit in bromeliads from the Neotropical Region, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 4895 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4895.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4321437
Gas Damping Coefficient Research for MEMS Comb Linear Vibration Gyroscope
Creators: name: Qiufen, G.
name: Yuansheng, G.
name: Feng, S.
name: Fuqiang, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Silicon-MEMS gyroscope is an important part of MEMS (Micro Electrical Mechanical System). There are some disturb ignored in traditional gyroscope that must be evaluated newly because of its smaller size (reach the level of micron). In these disturb, the air pressure largely influences the performance of MEMS gyroscope. Different air pressure causes different gas damping coefficient for the MEMS comb linear vibration gyroscope and different gas damping coefficient influences the quality factor of the gyroscope directive. The quality factor influences the dynamic working bandwidth of the MEMS comb linear vibration gyroscope, so it is influences the output characteristic of the MEMS comb linear vibration gyroscope. The paper shows the relationship between the air pressure and the output amplified and phase of the detecting axis through analyzing the air pressure influence on the MEMS comb linear vibration gyroscope. It discusses the influence on the frequency distribute and quality factor of the MEMS comb linear vibration gyroscope for different air pressure.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDA Publishing Association (http://irevues.inist.fr/EDA-Publishing)
A population of Optically Quiescent Quasars from WISE and SDSS
Creators: name: Greenwell, Claire
name: Gandhi, Poshak
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Lansbury, George
name: Mainieri, Vincenzo
name: Boorman, Peter
name: Toba, Yoshiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The growth of active galactic nuclei (AGN) occurs under some form of obscuration in a large fraction of the population. The difficulty in constraining this population leads to high uncertainties in cosmic X-ray background and galaxy evolution models. Using an SDSS-WISE cross-match, we target infrared luminous AGN ($W1-W2$ > 0.8, and monochromatic rest-frame luminosity above $λL_λ$(12$μ$m) $\approx$ 3 $\times$ 10$^{44}$ erg s$^{-1}$), but with passive galaxy-like optical spectra (Optically Quiescent Quasars; OQQs). We find 47 objects that show no significant [O III]$λ$5007 emission, a typically strong AGN optical emission line. As a comparison sample, we examine SDSS-selected Type 2 quasars (QSO2s), which show a significant [O III]$λ$5007 line by definition. We find a 1:16 ratio of OQQs compared to QSO2s, suggesting that the OQQ duty cycle is likely much shorter than that of QSO2s (though selection biases are not fully quantified). We consider observed properties in comparison with other galaxy types, and examine them for consistency with theories on their intrinsic nature: chiefly (a) a high covering factor for surrounding obscuring matter, preventing the detection of high-ionisation emission lines - `cocooned AGN'; or (b) ionised gas being absent on the kpc scales of the Narrow Line Region (NLR), perhaps due to a `switching on' or `young' AGN. OQQs do not obviously fit the standard paradigm for merger-driven AGN and host galaxy evolution, implying we may be missing part of the flow of AGN evolution.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS (20 pages, 18 figures)
Weather and the built environment
Creators: name: Gavin, Douglas
name: Lamos, Joseph
name: Muller, Bruce
name: Barsanti, Kelley
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Flood severity
Interactive learning module
Broadcast meteorologists
Flood map
Bathymetry
Storm surges
Coastal city

Many people are not aware that features of the natural and built environment could impact the severity of floods in their neighborhoods. To better educate the public on these matters, and interactive learning module was created to inform broadcast meteorologists how the built environment can impact floods, in a way that they can explain these impacts to their viewers. The module was created using the instructional design process ADDIE. ADDIE stands for Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. In the analysis phase the instructional problem was made clear; in the design phase the learning goals were identified; and in the development phase the content resources were collected and produced. The implementation phase, which consists of instruction the facilitators and the learners, and the evaluation phase, which includes formative and summative evaluations, are still in progress. The module provides broadcast meteorologists with instruction on seven subjects (chosen during design phase): 1) where and what a floodplain is, 2) how to read a flood map, 3) how the bathymetry of a coastal city could affect a storm surges, 4) how wetlands and natural land cover can mitigate flood impacts, 5) how the percent impervious surface affects the percent runoff, 6) how ice jam produce floods, and 7) if one is susceptible to dam and levee failure. This project shows the processes used to create an interactive learning module as well as addresses the important of informing broadcast meteorologists how the build environment can affect floods.
Probing sub-eV Dark Matter decays with PTOLEMY
Creators: name: Bondarenko, Kyrylo
name: Boyarsky, Alexey
name: Nikolic, Marco
name: Pradler, Josef
name: Sokolenko, Anastasia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When the Dark Matter mass is below the eV-scale, its cosmological occupation number exceeds the ones of photons from the cosmic microwave background as well as of relic neutrinos. If such Dark Matter decays to pairs of neutrinos, it implies that experiments that seek the detection of the cosmic neutrino background may as well be sensitive to this additional form of "dark radiation". Here we study the prospects for detection taking into account various options for the forecasted performance of the future PTOLEMY experiment. From a detailed profile likelihood analysis we find that Dark Matter decays with lifetime as large as $10^4$ Gyr or a sub-% Dark Matter fraction decaying today can be discovered. The prospects are facilitated by the distinct spectral event shape that is introduced from galactic and cosmological neutrino dark radiation fluxes. In the process we also clarify the importance of Pauli-blocking in the Dark Matter decay. The scenarios presented in this work can be considered early physics targets in the development of these instruments with relaxed demands on performance and energy resolution.
Can (dG/dt)/G Bound the Local Cosmological Dynamics?
Creators: name: Dumin, Yurii V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is argued that constraints on time variation of the gravitational constant (dG/dt)/G, e.g. derived from the lunar laser ranging, cannot be immediately applied to restrict the cosmological expansion at planetary scales, as it was done by Williams, Turyshev, and Boggs [PRL, 93, 261101 (2004), arXiv:gr-qc/0411113].
description: REVTeX4, 1 page
Simulation of Binary Black Hole Spacetimes with a Harmonic Evolution Scheme
Creators: name: Pretorius, Frans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A numerical solution scheme for the Einstein field equations based on generalized harmonic coordinates is described, focusing on details not provided before in the literature and that are of particular relevance to the binary black hole problem. This includes demonstrations of the effectiveness of constraint damping, and how the time slicing can be controlled through the use of a source function evolution equation. In addition, some results from an ongoing study of binary black hole coalescence, where the black holes are formed via scalar field collapse, are shown. Scalar fields offer a convenient route to exploring certain aspects of black hole interactions, and one interesting, though tentative suggestion from this early study is that behavior reminiscent of "zoom-whirl" orbits in particle trajectories is also present in the merger of equal mass, non-spinning binaries, with appropriately fine-tuned initial conditions.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures; replaced with published version
Comparison of Two Low-Power Electronic Interfaces for Capacitive Mems Sensors
Creators: name: Nagy, G.
name: Szucs, Z.
name: Hodossy, S.
name: Rencz, M.
name: Poppe, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paper discusses the importance and the issues of interfacing capacitive sensors. Two architectures applicable for interfacing capacitive sensors are presented. The first solution was designed to interface a capacitive humidity sensor designed and built for a humidity-dependent monolithic capacitor developed at Budapest University of Technology and Economics. The second case presents the possible read-out solutions for a SOI-MEMS accelerometer. Both of the architectures were built and tested in a discrete implementation to qualify the methods before the integrated realization. The paper presents a detailed comparison of the two methods
description: Submitted on behalf of EDA Publishing Association (http://irevues.inist.fr/EDA-Publishing)
Large-scale tropical circulations induced by heat sources in two simple models
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Alex
name: Zagar, Nedjelka
name: Schubert, Wayne
name: Smith, Lesley
name: Barnes, Timothy
name: Sealy, Andrea
name: Rodriguez, Luna
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Diabatic heating
Equitorial region
Dominant wave response
Convective heat sources
ITCZ
Panama bight
Topography

Transient and steady-state model response due to diabatic heating in the equatorial region is studied to gain insight of tropical circulations using two simple nonlinear numerical models. In the first part of this study, different heat sources are used to represent the continental areas of South America, Africa and Indonesia. The results show that the most dominant wave response arises from the Kelvin wave originating in the Indonesian region as the low-level eastward flow over the Pacific Ocean. This is a consequence of the Indonesian islands comprising the largest area of heating. In the second part of this study, different convective heat sources are places in the eastern Pacific Intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and Panama bight. In these experiments, the model also includes realistic topography at a higher resolution than the first model. It is found that topography has only localized effects on the winds and geopotential height. Thus, the Caribbean low-level jet, which partially motivated these experiments, is yet to be explained. Also, when the position or intensity of the ITCZ changes, the large-scale winds in the Panama bight and the surrounding region change significantly, directly affecting large-scale circulations.
Polymer Modelling Predicts Chromosome Reorganisation in Senescence
Creators: name: Chiang, Michael
name: Michieletto, Davide
name: Brackley, Chris A.
name: Rattanavirotkul, Nattaphon
name: Mohammed, Hisham
name: Marenduzzo, Davide
name: Chandra, Tamir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Lamina-associated domains (LADs) cover a large part of the human genome and are thought to play a major role in shaping the nuclear architectural landscape. Here, we perform polymer simulations, microscopy and mass spectrometry to dissect the roles played by heterochromatin- and lamina-mediated interactions in nuclear organisation. Our model explains the conventional organisation of heterochromatin and euchromatin in growing cells and the pathological organisation found in oncogene-induced senescence and progeria. We show that the experimentally observed changes in the locality of contacts in senescent and progeroid cells can be explained as arising due to phase transitions in the system. Within our simulations LADs are highly stochastic, as in experiments. Our model suggests that, once established, the senescent phenotype should be metastable even if lamina-mediated interactions were reinstated. Overall, our simulations uncover a generic physical mechanism that can regulate heterochromatin segregation and LAD formation in a wide range of mammalian nuclei.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Mixed State Entanglement and Thermal Phase Transitions
Creators: name: Liu, Peng
name: Wu, Jian-Pin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relationship between mixed state entanglement and thermal phase transitions. As a typical example, we compute the holographic entanglement entropy (HEE), holographic mutual information (MI) and the holographic entanglement of purification (EoP) over the superconductivity phase transition. We find that HEE, MI and EoP can all diagnose the superconducting phase transition. They are continuous at the critical point, but their first derivative with respect to temperature is discontinuous. MI decreases with increasing temperature and exhibits a convex behavior, while HEE increases with increasing temperature and exhibits a concave behavior. However, EoP can exhibit either the same or the opposite behavior as MI, depending on the size of the specific configuration. These results show that EoP captures more abundant information than HEE and MI. We also provide a new algorithm to compute the EoP for general configurations.
description: 24 pages, 13 figures, References added
Promoting Value-Added Products from Indigenous Livestock: A Win-Win Approach for Breeds Conservation and Rural Livelihood
Creators: name: R. Selvam
Publisher: name: veterinary today
Year: 2024

description: Indigenous livestock are essential to the food security and livelihoods of rural India. They provide food (meat, milk, eggs), products (hides, wool, dung), and services (transport, agricultural operations). While indigenous livestock may not produce as much as crossbred animals, they can thrive in harsh environments where other breeds cannot survive due to unique traits like disease resistance and drought tolerance. They also play a vital role in sustaining biodiversity and are culturally significant to the communities that raise them. According to the FAO, there is a concerning trend of large numbers of indigenous livestock disappearing, with many breeds becoming extinct. The loss of indigenous animal genetic resources poses a threat to farmers and livestock keepers' ability to adapt to environmental and socio-economic changes. Additionally, the loss of these animals erodes cultural heritage and emotional connections that people have with them. Conservation efforts are necessary to preserve indigenous breeds for future generations, considering their value from genetic, socioeconomic, and cultural perspectives. Conservation strategies can be classified into in situ and ex situ methods. In-situ conservation involves maintaining live animal breeding farms within their native ecosystems, allowing breeds to adapt and develop genetic uniqueness. Ex-situ conservation involves preserving animals outside their habitats, either through cryopreservation of genetic materials or maintaining live animals in reserved areas and farms.
Utilizing COSMIC radio occultation soundings to estimate convective potentials over oceans
Creators: name: Hernandez, Michael
name: Kuo, Ying-Hwa
name: Hunt, Douglas
name: Hauser, Rachel
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Unexpected convection
Airplane travel
Hazards
FAA
Nowcasting
Doppler weather radar
GPS
Verticle profiles

Over oceans, unexpected convection can adversely affect airplane travel. To mitigate such hazards, the Federal Aviation Agency (FAA) asked the University Corporation of Atmospheric Research (UCAR) to develop techniques that warn of imminent convection. The challenge: few traditional observations are taken over the ocean, and nowcasting techniques, which rely on Doppler weather radar, are not applicable. An atmospheric sounding technique, known as GPS radio occultation (RO), offers a possible solution to this problem. The six-satellite mission Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) provides approximately 2,500 vertical profiles of the Earthâs atmosphere daily, and is uniformly distributed around the globe including the tropical ocean. These GPS RO soundings are of high vertical resolution and accuracy. With the use of one-dimensional variation retrieval, vertical profiles of temperature and moisture can be derived from COSMIC soundings. These profiles could be used to estimate convective potentials of the atmosphere that lie ahead of an airplane travelling over the ocean. This study evaluated the accuracy of Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE), Convective Inhibition (CIN), K-index (KI), Total Totals (TT), and 700-500mb Lapse rate (L57) calculated from COSMIC GPS RO soundings against observations from balloon-based radiosonde soundings. This study also evaluated whether COSMIC-derived indices values are accurate enough to be useful for the FAAâs over-ocean convective forecasting. With some indices proved to be useful, this technique will eventually provide real-time KI, TT, and L57 value estimates globally. Additionally, COSMIC indices values can be used in studies to map out the diurnal cycle of any index.
Characterization of a pair of interacting genes, unc-112 and dim-1, that affect sarcomere development and organization
Creators: name: Gilbert, Mary Margaret
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This dissertation focuses on two genes, unc-112 and dim-1, that affect bodywall muscle differentiation in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. A characterization of these two genes and their gene products will contribute to answering a fundamental question: how does a nematode make a collection of muscle proteins organize into a structure capable of movement? The roles that the unc-112 and dim-1 gene products play in the assembly, organization and contraction of sarcomeres in the various subtypes of muscle were examined using genetic, cytological, and molecular techniques. Two phenotypic classes of unc-112 alleles are known (116,123 and P. Anderson, per. comm.). The viable class allele unc-112(r367) demonstrates the importance of this gene in larval development and maintenance of sarcomeres in the gonad arms and muscle cells. The lethal class allele unc-112(st562) demonstrates that unc-112 function in embryonic muscle cells is essential (123). In order to discover the function of UNC112 protein, I cloned and sequenced several cDNAs associated with polymorphisms in two unc-112 intragenic revertant strains. The cDNA pUNC112-1 is derived from the gene ZC376.2 and identifies a tandem cluster of five highly similar genes covering 19 kb of cosmids T02B5 and ZC376. The predicted proteins of the five gene family share considerable similarity with the cholinesterase subfamily of serine proteases. Maximum parsimony analysis of this gene family with other members of the cholinesterase subfamily from C. elegans and other species indicate an ancient origin and perhaps unique function for this gene cluster. Mutations in a new gene, dim-1, have been isolated as suppressors of unc-112 paralysis. The null mutation dim-1(ra102) completely suppresses unc-112(r367) single sarcomere muscle defects and partially suppresses bodywall muscle defects. This indicates that dim-1 interaction with unc-112 is indirect. In addition, the dim-1 alleles exhibit a unique muscle phenotype of nested chevrons in some muscle cells. The distribution of mutant versus wild type muscle components have been compared and show that dense body and M-line proteins assemble and remain intact in the mutant strains but are improperly distributed across the cell membrane. A model is proposed showing how unc-112 and dim-1 may function in a signaling pathway governing sarcomere patterning in muscle cell membranes.