cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Timescales of influenza A/H3N2 antibody dynamics
Creators: name: Cummings, D.A.T
name: Kucharski, A.J
name: Lessler, J
name: Riley, S
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2018

description: Human immunity influences the evolution and impact of influenza strains. Because individuals are infected with multiple influenza strains during their lifetime, and each virus can generate a cross-reactive antibody response, it is challenging to quantify the processes that shape observed immune responses or to reliably detect recent infection from serological samples. Using a Bayesian model of antibody dynamics at multiple timescales, we explain complex cross-reactive antibody landscapes by inferring participants’ histories of infection with serological data from cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of influenza A/H3N2 in southern China and Vietnam. We find that individual-level influenza antibody profiles can be explained by a short-lived, broadly cross-reactive response that decays within a year to leave a smaller long-term response acting against a narrower range of strains. We also demonstrate that accounting for dynamic immune responses alongside infection history can provide a more accurate alternative to traditional definitions of seroconversion for the estimation of infection attack rates. Our work provides a general model for quantifying aspects of influenza immunity acting at multiple timescales based on contemporary serological data and suggests a two-armed immune response to influenza infection consistent with competitive dynamics between B cell populations. This approach to analysing multiple timescales for antigenic responses could also be applied to other multistrain pathogens such as dengue and related flaviviruses.
Reconstruction of antibody dynamics and infection histories to evaluate dengue risk
Creators: name: Klungthong, C
name: Rodriguez-Barraquer, I
name: Weg, A
name: Nisalak, A
name: Lessler, J
name: Cummings, D.A.T
name: Yoon, I.-K
name: Salje, H
name: Rothman, A.L
name: Thaisomboonsuk, B
name: Katzelnick, L.C
name: Cauchemez, S
name: Thomas, S
name: Macareo, L
name: Ellison, D
name: Endy, T
name: Jarman, R
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: As with many pathogens, most dengue infections are subclinical and therefore unobserved 1 . Coupled with limited understanding of the dynamic behaviour of potential serological markers of infection, this observational problem has wide-ranging implications, including hampering our understanding of individual- and population-level correlates of infection and disease risk and how these change over time, between assay interpretations and with cohort design. Here we develop a framework that simultaneously characterizes antibody dynamics and identifies subclinical infections via Bayesian augmentation from detailed cohort data (3,451 individuals with blood draws every 91 days, 143,548 haemagglutination inhibition assay titre measurements) 2,3 . We identify 1,149 infections (95% confidence interval, 1,135-1,163) that were not detected by active surveillance and estimate that 65% of infections are subclinical. After infection, individuals develop a stable set point antibody load after one year that places them within or outside a risk window. Individuals with pre-existing titres of ≤1:40 develop haemorrhagic fever 7.4 (95% confidence interval, 2.5-8.2) times more often than naive individuals compared to 0.0 times for individuals with titres >1:40 (95% confidence interval: 0.0-1.3). Plaque reduction neutralization test titres ≤1:100 were similarly associated with severe disease. Across the population, variability in the size of epidemics results in large-scale temporal changes in infection and disease risk that correlate poorly with age.
Acrolyta nens
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Acrolyta
Acrolyta nens

description: Acrolyta nens (HARTIG, 1838), det. Schwarz
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap7: 1♀ 27.vii.-20.viii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Western Palaearctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 120, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
Rubella vaccination in India: Identifying broad consequences of vaccine introduction and key knowledge gaps
Creators: name: Winter, A.K
name: Lessler, J
name: Ferrari, M
name: Pramanik, S
name: Metcalf, C.J.E
name: Grenfell, B.T
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Rubella virus infection typically presents as a mild illness in children; however, infection during pregnancy may cause the birth of an infant with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). As of February 2017, India began introducing rubella-containing vaccine (RCV) into the public-sector childhood vaccination programme. Low-level RCV coverage among children over several years can result in an increase in CRS incidence by increasing the average age of infection without sufficiently reducing rubella incidence. We evaluated the impact of RCV introduction on CRS incidence across India's heterogeneous demographic and epidemiological contexts. We used a deterministic age-structured model that reflects Indian states' rural and urban area-specific demography and vaccination coverage levels to simulate rubella dynamics and estimate CRS incidence with and without RCV introduction to the public sector. Our analysis suggests that current low-level private-sector vaccination has already slightly increased the burden of CRS in India. We additionally found that the effect of public-sector RCV introduction depends on the basic reproductive number, R0, of rubella. If R0 is five, a value empirically estimated from an array of settings, CRS incidence post-RCV introduction will likely decrease. However, if R0 is seven or nine, some states may experience short-term or annual increases in CRS, even if a long-term total reduction in cases (30 years) is expected. Investment in population-based serological surveys and India's fever/rash surveillance system will be key to monitoring the success of the vaccination programme.
Efficient and Convenient Method for Synthesis of Benzofuran-3-acetic Acids and Naphthafuran-acetic Acids
Creators: name: Mahantesha Basanagouda
name: Narayanachar
name: Iranna B. Majati
name: Shiddappa S. Mulimani
name: Sunnal, Satish B.
name: Rohit V. Nadiger
name: Ghanti, Ashok S.
name: Siddeshwar F. Gudageri
name: Naik, Ravi
name: Akshata Nayak
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Herein, we report an efficient and convenient method for synthesis of benzofuran-3-acetic acids and naphthafuran-acetic acids 5a–p by the reaction of substituted-4-bromomethylcoumarins with aqueous sodium hydroxide at refluxing temperature. The obtained products are characterized by infrared, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectral data. Structures 5a and 5e are confirmed by their single x-ray diffraction studies. The advantages of this method are good yields, easy workup, and no chromatographic purifications.
The grand narrative of the age of re-embodiments: Beyond modernism and postmodernism
Creators: name: Gare, Arran
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The delusory quest for disembodiment, against which the quest for re-embodiment is reacting, is characteristic of macroparasites who live off the work, products and lives of others. The quest for disembodiment that characterizes modernism and postmodernism, it is argued, echoes in a more extreme form the delusions on which medieval civilization was based where the military aristocracy and the clergy, defining themselves through the ideal forms of Neo-Platonic Christianity, despised nature, the peasantry and in the case of the clergy, women. This argument is used to expose and reveal the oppressive and ecologically destructive drive underlying the aspirations of the dominant classes in the modern/postmodern world to disembodiment, whether this be seen as the quest to be unbounded by time and place, to be free of dependence on labour and natural resources, to be free of the humdrum of everyday life by entering 'virtual' worlds, or, as with post-humanists, to overcome the limits of the body by fusing with technology. These modern and postmodern forms of the quest for disembodiment, it is suggested, now threaten civilization, the future of humanity and most terrestrial life. This analysis is used to clarify the liberating mission of the grand narrative for re-embodiment, exemplified by the quest for Inclusive Democracy, Earth Democracy, Ecological Civilization, or for an Ecozoic Age. The grand narrative of the Age of Re-embodiments is shown to be inseparable from the struggle for truth, justice and liberty as central to real democracy empowering people to augment rather than undermine the conditions for life.
An Analysis of Specific Categories of Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities for Children of Participants of the Air Force Health Study
Creators: name: George, J. Knafl
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Publishing
Year: 2024

description: Background: The Air Force Health Study collected reproductive outcomes for live-born children of male Air Force veterans of the Vietnam War. Methods: Dioxin values for participants were obtained from blood samples. Analyses were conducted of occurrence of 16 specific categories of birth defects and developmental disabilities. Children were categorized as conceived before and after the start of participants’ Vietnam War service. Children conceived before the start of Vietnam War service were treated as being conceived when their fathers had unquantifiable dioxin values. Children conceived after the start of Vietnam War service for participants with missing dioxin values were excluded from primary analyses, but were used to assess the impact of their exclusion on conclusions. Correlation between values for specific categories for multiple children fathered by the same participant was accounted for. The dose-response relationship was treated as a step function increasing for dioxin values larger than adaptively identified individual thresholds changing with the specific category. Results: For 15 of 16 specific categories, the probability of occurrence increased substantially for a sufficiently high dioxin level above identified thresholds. Exclusion of children due to missing dioxin likely did not affect these results. Conclusions: Results supported the conclusion of substantial adverse effects on a wide variety of specific categories of birth defects and developmental disabilities due to sufficiently high exposures to dioxin, a toxic contaminant of Agent Orange used for herbicide spraying in the Vietnam War. Results may hold more generally, but might also have been affected by a variety of limitations.
title: ‘Where the Races meet’: racial framing through live display at the American West Coast World’s Fairs, 1894-1916
Creators: name: Trafford, E
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: This thesis examines the live exhibition of Native American, Chinese, Japanese, Alaskan, Hawaiian, Samoan, and Filipino people on the midways of five West Coast world’s fairs (San Francisco, 1894; Portland, 1905; Seattle, 1909; San Francisco, 1915; San Diego, 1915-1916). I situate the world’s fairs as significant sites of racialisation at a time of intense westward expansion, and recognise the West Coast as a key location at which various processes of expansion occurred, and at which the human relationships associated with these processes were negotiated. Foregrounding conflicting and interrelated concerns about continental expansion, immigration, trade, empire, and international diplomacy, and featuring the voices and practices of anthropologists, politicians, foreign dignitaries, colonial elites, local non-white residents, fair visitors, and the performers themselves, I examine how various race-making agents framed the populations as inferior, non-white Others. Adapting various existing images of these disparate foreign and domestic populations, exposition exhibitors and mediators used a number of exhibitionary techniques and racialisation strategies to visualise America’s newly international and Pacifically-oriented racial hierarchy. Sharing modes of exhibition and racial narratives between the ‘ethnic villages’ on the midway, these exposition actors and race-making agents contributed to the emergence of an explicitly comparative form of racial ordering that situated the ‘red’, ‘yellow’, and ‘brown’ races within the imagined household of the American Pacific. This thesis demonstrates how exposition midways helped to solidify notions of racial difference by providing legible and comparative spectacles of non-whiteness, and by inculcating white visitors with skills of racial identification and hierarchisation. I argue that by operating within and contributing towards an overarching framework of white supremacy, the world’s fairs scripted a flexible form of superior whiteness that allowed visitors to negotiate the rapid changes in local, national, and international racial dynamics. Analysing the vast and under-utilised exposition archive, alongside photographs, souvenirs, newspapers, and concomitant racialising texts, and synthesising the methods and literatures of race and exhibition, this thesis contributes to the growing literature on the broad significance of racial formation on America’s West Coast, by building a critical and comparative examination of this racialisation site.
Oral cholera vaccine in cholera prevention and control, Malawi
Creators: name: Lessler, J
name: MacDonald, E
name: Beck, N
name: Grandesso, F
name: Cavailler, P
name: Moore, S.M
name: M’Bangombe, M
name: Ngwira, B
name: Shaffer, A
name: Masuku, H
name: Msyamboza, K
name: Palomares, A
name: Reeder, B
name: Pezzoli, L
name: Kabuluzi, S
name: Azman, A.S
name: Senbete, M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Problem With limited global supplies of oral cholera vaccine, countries need to identify priority areas for vaccination while longer-term solutions, such as water and sanitation infrastructure, are being developed. Approach In 2017, Malawi integrated oral cholera vaccine into its national cholera control plan. The process started with a desk review and analysis of previous surveillance and risk factor data. At a consultative meeting, researchers, national health and water officials and representatives from nongovernmental and international organizations reviewed the data and local epidemiological knowledge to determine priority districts for oral cholera vaccination. The final stage was preparation of an application to the global oral cholera vaccine stockpile for non-emergency use. Local setting Malawi collects annual data on cholera and most districts have reported cases at least once since the 1970s. Relevant changes The government’s application for 3.2 million doses of vaccine to be provided over 20 months in 12 districts was accepted in April 2017. By April 2018, over 1 million doses had been administered in five districts. Continuing surveillance in districts showed that cholera outbreaks were notably absent in vaccinated high-risk areas, despite a national outbreak in 2017–2018. Lessons learnt Augmenting advanced mapping techniques with local information helped us extend priority areas beyond those identified as high-risk based on cholera incidence reported at the district level. Involvement of the water, sanitation and hygiene sectors is key to ensuring that short-term gains from cholera vaccine are backed by longer-term progress in reducing cholera transmission.
A lattice pairing-field approach to ultracold Fermi gases
Creators: name: Drut, Joaquín E.
name: Ehmann, Florian
name: Braun, Jens
Publisher: name: Stichting SciPost
Year: 2024

description: We develop a pairing-field formalism for ab initio studies of non-relativistic two-component fermions on a (d+1)-dimensional spacetime lattice. More specifically, we focus on theories where the interaction between the two components can be described by the exchange of a corresponding pairing field. The introduction of a pairing field may indeed be convenient for studies of, e.g., the finite-temperature phase structure and critical behavior of, e.g., ultracold atomic Fermi gases. Moreover, such a formalism allows to directly compute the momentum and frequency dependence of the pair propagator, from which the pair-correlation function can be extracted. For a first illustration of the application of our formalism, we compute the density equation of state and the superfluid order parameter for a gas of unpolarized fermions in (0+1) dimensions by employing the complex Langevin approach to surmount the sign problem.
A new eutherocephalian (Therapsida, Therocephalia) from the upper Permian Madumabisa Mudstone Formation (Luangwa Basin) of Zambia
Creators: name: Huttenlocker, Adam K.
name: Sidor, Christian A.
name: Angielczyk, Kenneth D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Microbiology

description: ABSTRACTA new therocephalian therapsid, Ichibengops munyamadziensis, gen. et sp. nov., is described on the basis of two partial skulls from the upper Permian (Wuchiapingian) upper Madumabisa Mudstone Formation of the Luangwa Basin, Zambia. The specimens offer insights into the diversity of therocephalians in a poorly sampled region, preserving unique maxillary structures, dental morphology that is intermediate between basal therocephalians and eutherocephalians, and a maxillovomerine bridge forming an incipient secondary palate. A phylogenetic analysis of 135 craniodental and postcranial characters from 56 therapsid taxa (including 49 therocephalians) recovered I. munyamadziensis as the sister taxon of the Russian Chthonosaurus, with both taxa resolving near the hofmeyriid + whaitsiid + baurioid clade (either as the sister group to this clade or nested near whaitsiids). Ichibengops shares with Chthonosaurus several features, including a ventral maxillary flange in which the upper postcanines are situated (also in Lycosuchus), anteroposteriorly short suborbital vacuities with strongly scalloped anterior borders, a furrowed or ridged surface texture on the palatal surface of the palatine, and a possible maxillovomerine bridge (although this latter structure is incompletely preserved in Chthonosaurus). The new taxon, along with its proposed relationship to Chthonosaurus, adds to a list of sister-group pairs of Wuchiapingian tetrapods in southern Gondwana and Laurasia, indicating that effective, though largely unknown, dispersal routes persisted in Pangea at least through early late Permian times.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3C00620E-64B4-4CF0-BFAD-0336AE7C8196SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP
Acrolyta rufocincta
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Acrolyta
Acrolyta rufocincta

description: Acrolyta rufocincta (GRAVENHORST, 1829), det. Schwarz
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 7: 1♀ 13-27.vii., 1♀ 21.ix.-5.x.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Western Palaearctic, known from Azerbaijan (JONAITIS & ALIEV 1983a), new record for Georgia.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 120, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
Challenges and opportunities in disease forecasting in outbreak settings: A case study of measles in Lola Prefecture, Guinea
Creators: name: Ferrari, M.J
name: Lessler, J
name: Prikazsky, V
name: Takahashi, S
name: Paez Jimenez, A
name: Graham, M
name: Suk, J.E
name: Metcalf, C.J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: We report on and evaluate the process and findings of a real-time modeling exercise in response to an outbreak of measles in Lola prefecture, Guinea, in early 2015 in the wake of the Ebola crisis. Multiple statistical methods for the estimation of the size of the susceptible (i.e., unvaccinated) population were applied to weekly reported measles case data on seven subprefectures throughout Lola. Stochastic compartmental models were used to project future measles incidence in each subprefecture in both an initial and a follow-up iteration of forecasting. Measles susceptibility among 1-to 5-year-olds was estimated to be between 24% and 43% at the beginning of the outbreak. Based on this high baseline susceptibility, initial projections forecasted a large outbreak occurring over approximately 10 weeks and infecting 40 children per 1,000. Subsequent forecasts based on updated data mitigated this initial projection, but still predicted a significant outbreak. A catch-up vaccination campaign took place at the same time as this second forecast and measles cases quickly receded. Of note, case reports used to fit models changed significantly between forecast rounds. Model-based projections of both current population risk and future incidence can help in setting priorities and planning during an outbreak response. A swiftly changing situation on the ground, coupled with data uncertainties and the need to adjust standard analytical approaches to deal with sparse data, presents significant challenges. Appropriate presentation of results as planning scenarios, as well as presentations of uncertainty and two-way communication, is essential to the effective use of modeling studies in outbreak response.
Synthesis of Novel Spiro[indol-2,2′-pyrroles] Using Isocyanide-Based Multicomponent Reaction
Creators: name: Venkataprasad Jalli
name: Suvratha Krishnamurthy
name: Hiroyoshi Kawasaki
name: Moriguchi, Tetsuji
name: Tsuge, Akihiko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: An efficient and facile method for the synthesis of novel spiro[indole-2,2′-pyrroles] from N-methyl-3-isatin imines, t-butyl isocyanide and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate has been achieved by [3 + 2] cyclo addition reaction. All the products were purified by column chromatography as yellow solids and confirmed with 1H NMR, 13CNMR, FAB mass, IR. Compound 11 was further confirmed with X-ray analysis.
Acrolyta pseudonens SCHWARZ & SHAW 2000
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Acrolyta
Acrolyta pseudonens

description: Acrolyta pseudonens SCHWARZ & SHAW, 2000, det. Schwarz
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap4: 1♀ 13-27.vii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Western Palaearctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 120, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
Opportunities and challenges in modeling emerging infectious diseases
Creators: name: Metcalf, C.J.E
name: Lessler, J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The term “pathogen emergence” encompasses everything from previously unidentified viruses entering the human population to established pathogens invading new populations and the evolution of drug resistance. Mathematical models of emergent pathogens allow forecasts of case numbers, investigation of transmission mechanisms, and evaluation of control options. Yet, there are numerous limitations and pitfalls to their use, often driven by data scarcity. Growing availability of data on pathogen genetics and human ecology, coupled with computational and methodological innovations, is amplifying the power of models to inform the public health response to emergence events. Tighter integration of infectious disease models with public health practice and development of resources at the ready has the potential to increase the timeliness and quality of responses.
Shared Genetic Architecture Between Schizophrenia and Anorexia Nervosa: A Cross-trait Genome-Wide Analysis
Creators: name: Ploner, Alexander
name: Bergen, Sarah E
name: Bulik, Cynthia M
name: Lu, Zheng-An
name: Birgegård, Andreas
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2024

description: BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Schizophrenia (SCZ) and anorexia nervosa (AN) are 2 severe and highly heterogeneous disorders showing substantial familial co-aggregation. Genetic factors play a significant role in both disorders, but the shared genetic etiology between them is yet to be investigated.
STUDY DESIGN: Using summary statistics from recent large genome-wide association studies on SCZ (Ncases = 53 386) and AN (Ncases = 16 992), a 2-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted to explore the causal relationship between SCZ and AN. MiXeR was employed to quantify their polygenic overlap. A conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate (condFDR/conjFDR) framework was adopted to identify loci jointly associated with both disorders. Functional annotation and enrichment analyses were performed on the shared loci.
STUDY RESULTS: We observed a cross-trait genetic enrichment, a suggestive bidirectional causal relationship, and a considerable polygenic overlap (Dice coefficient = 62.2%) between SCZ and AN. The proportion of variants with concordant effect directions among all shared variants was 69.9%. Leveraging overlapping genetic associations, we identified 6 novel loci for AN and 33 novel loci for SCZ at condFDR <0.01. At conjFDR <0.05, we identified 10 loci jointly associated with both disorders, implicating multiple genes highly expressed in the cerebellum and pituitary and involved in synapse organization. Particularly, high expression of the shared genes was observed in the hippocampus in adolescence and orbitofrontal cortex during infancy.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides novel insights into the relationship between SCZ and AN by revealing a shared genetic component and offers a window into their complex etiology.
Atractodes angustipennis FORSTER 1876
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Atractodes
Atractodes angustipennis

description: Atractodes angustipennis FÖRSTER, 1876
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 4: 2♀♀ 27.vii.-10.viii., 1♀ 27.viii.-7.ix.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Holarctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 120, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
Cinematic rendering of 18F‐DCFPyL PET/CT fusion data in a patient with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Rowe, Steven P.
name: Fishman, Elliot K.
name: Gorin, Michael A.
name: Krueger, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024

description: Three-dimensional visualizations of volumetric data are utilized for
a variety of applications in medical imaging. Recently, a method
known as cinematic rendering has been applied to standard
acquisitions of medical image data to create photorealistic
visualizations with high levels of surface detail. The technique is
based on complex path tracing that models the movement of
millions of photons through a volume and includes information on
how those photons interact with the matter in the volume. Generally, each type of tissue is assigned a colour and transparency
based on a voxel histogram, and those characteristics of the
tissue are then summed across the volume to create the rendering.
 This method has been most commonly applied to X-ray computed
tomography (CT), where it has been found to improve
medical student education and the speed of surgical anatomic
understanding.
Atractodes croceicornis HALIDAY 1838
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Atractodes
Atractodes croceicornis

description: Atractodes croceicornis HALIDAY, 1838
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 12: 1♀ 27.vii.-10.viii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Transpalaearctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 120, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
Bathythrix claviger
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Bathythrix
Bathythrix claviger

description: Bathythrix claviger (TASCHENBERG, 1865)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 15: 1♀ 2-16.vi., 2♀♀ 16-30.vi., 1♀ 14-28.vii., 1♀ 25.viii.- 8.ix.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Holarctic and Oriental, known from Georgia (RIEDEL et al. 2018).
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 120, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
Recent advances in two-dimensional nanomaterials for sustainable wearable electronic devices
Creators: name: Hu, Jing
name: Dong, Mingdong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 2D materials
subject: Nanomaterials
subject: Wearable Electronic Devices
subject: Flexible electronics

description: The widespread adoption of smart terminals has significantly boosted the market potential for wearable electronic devices. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials show great promise for flexible, wearable electronics of next-generation electronic materials and have potential in energy, optoelectronics, and electronics. First, this review focuses on the importance of functionalization/defects in 2D nanomaterials, a discussion of different kinds of 2D materials for wearable devices, and the overall structure–property relationship of 2D materials. Then, in this comprehensive review, we delve into the burgeoning realm of emerging applications for 2D nanomaterial-based flexible wearable electronics, spanning diverse domains such as energy, medical health, and displays. A meticulous exploration is presented, elucidating the intricate processes involved in tailoring material properties for specific applications. Each research direction is dissected, offering insightful perspectives and dialectical evaluations that illuminate future trajectories and inspire fruitful investigations in this rapidly evolving field.
Dengue diversity across spatial and temporal scales: Local structure and the effect of host population size
Creators: name: Iamsirithaworn, S
name: Sangkijporn, S
name: Berry, I.M
name: Thaisomboonsuk, B
name: Chanama, S
name: Endy, T
name: Lessler, J
name: A-Nuegoonpipat, A
name: Jarman, R.G
name: Salje, H
name: Cummings, D.A.T
name: Kalayanarooj, S
name: Yoon, I.-K
name: Gibbons, R.V
name: Sangarsang, A
name: MacAreo, L.R
name: Klungthong, C
name: Melendrez, M.C
name: Nisalak, A
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: A fundamental mystery for dengue and other infectious pathogens is how observed patterns of cases relate to actual chains of individual transmission events. These pathways are intimately tied to the mechanisms by which strains interact and compete across spatial scales. Phylogeographic methods have been used to characterize pathogen dispersal at global and regional scales but have yielded few insights into the local spatiotemporal structure of endemic transmission. Using geolocated genotype (800 cases) and serotype (17,291 cases) data, we show that in Bangkok, Thailand, 60% of dengue cases living <200 meters apart come from the same transmission chain, as opposed to 3% of cases separated by 1 to 5 kilometers. At distances <200 meters from a case (encompassing an average of 1300 people in Bangkok), the effective number of chains is 1.7. This number rises by a factor of 7 for each 10-fold increase in the population of the "enclosed" region. This trend is observed regardless of whether population density or area increases, though increases in density over 7000 people per square kilometer do not lead to additional chains. Within Thailand these chains quickly mix, and by the next dengue season viral lineages are no longer highly spatially structured within the country. In contrast, viral flow to neighboring countries is limited. These findings are consistent with local, density-dependent transmission and implicate densely populated communities as key sources of viral diversity, with home location the focal point of transmission. These findings have important implications for targeted vector control and active surveillance.
The practice of web conferencing: Where are we now?
Creators: name: Loch, Birgit
name: Reushle, Shirley
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The use of web conferencing tools to support learning and teaching and facilitate interaction and collaboration is common in many higher education environments as is the replacement of face-to-face meetings with virtual collaboration tools. This paper reports on Phase 3 of a trial of web conferencing conducted at a regional Australian university and further explores the use of web conferencing to support and enhance learning and teaching. Preliminary findings from Phases 1 and 2 of the trial have been reported on in a previous paper. The action research method which framed the initial trial has again been applied to Phase 3. In Phase 1, collaborative mathematical problem-solving in an undergraduate course was carried out using web conferencing and tablet PCs. In addition, students in postgraduate Education courses were linked across the globe to participate in interactive and collaborative web conference activity. In Phase 2, a university-wide trial across disciplines was conducted. Phase 3 represents an analysis of feedback received from teachers who were involved in Phases 1 and 2 and who have had some time to reflect on the impact web conferencing has had on their teaching practice. From this, and their own experience, the authors make further observations regarding the use of web conferencing to support learning and teaching and raise a number of questions and issues to guide future research.
Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Actinide and Lanthanide Ion Transport across Supported Liquid Membranes
Creators: name: Nee, Ko
name: Nilsson, Mikael
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry

description: In this work, we propose a new transport mechanism for metal ions relevant for used nuclear fuel separation processes by a supported liquid membrane (SLM). Two SLM extraction systems were investigated where the membrane was impregnated with either di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (HDEHP) or tributyl phosphate (TBP). A HDEHP impregnated membrane was used to extract neodymium (III), representative of a typical trivalent lanthanide. Cerium, which was oxidized by sodium bismuthate from trivalent to tetravalent state, was extracted by TBP. Oxidized cerium was used as a surrogate for oxidized americium to investigate the kinetics and possibility of americium and curium separation by membrane extraction. Both extraction systems were operated at varying nitric acid concentrations, and changes in the kinetics and extraction efficiency of metal ions were investigated. The proposed transport mechanism that was chosen for our studies was modified from the previous works by Danesi et al[1,2] and Cussler et al[3]. The mechanism was selected due to the ability to accommodate and describe transport phenomena across a SLM when formation of extractant nano-channels in the membrane may exist. We were able to obtain acceptable fit of the models to our overall data trends although chemical and physical conditions must be well established and purity and homogeneity of the membrane are critical. A reverse transport of metal ions was observed when leaving the system for longer times which agrees with our model. The membrane was investigated for degradation and shown to be stable after contact with up to 7 M nitric acid for over 2000 minutes. Finally, we examined the possibility of partitioning americium from curium using a SLM impregnated by TBP. Separation of americium from curium was observed although not to a degree that was expected based on the Ce(IV) transport. Incomplete oxidation of Am(III) to Am(V) and reduction of Am(VI) on the membrane surface are possible causes for this observed discrepancy. Our model was however able to accurately predict Cm(III) transport through the membrane.
Bathythrix lamina
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Bathythrix
Bathythrix lamina

description: Bathythrix lamina (THOMSON, 1884)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap2: 1♀ 20.v.-1.vi.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Western Palaearctic, known from Georgia (RIEDEL & JAPOSHVILI 2021).
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 120, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
The geography of measles vaccination in the African Great Lakes region
Creators: name: Ferrari, M.J
name: Lessler, J
name: Takahashi, S
name: Metcalf, C.J.E
name: Tatem, A.J
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2017

description: Expanded access to measles vaccination was among the most successful public health interventions of recent decades. All WHO regions currently target measles elimination by 2020, yet continued measles circulation makes that goal seem elusive. Using Demographic and Health Surveys with generalized additive models, we quantify spatial patterns of measles vaccination in ten contiguous countries in the African Great Lakes region between 2009-2014. Seven countries have € coldspots' where vaccine coverage is below the WHO target of 80%. Over 14 million children under 5 years of age live in coldspots across the region, and a total of 8-12 million children are unvaccinated. Spatial patterns of vaccination do not map directly onto sub-national administrative units and transnational coldspots exist. Clustering of low vaccination areas may allow for pockets of susceptibility that sustain circulation despite high overall coverage. Targeting at-risk areas and transnational coordination are likely required to eliminate measles in the region.
Iodide manipulation using zinc additives for efficient perovskite solar minimodules
Creators: name: Huang, Jinsong
name: Zhang, Hengkai
name: Wang, Mengru
name: Li, Mingze
name: Ni, Zhenyi
name: Rana, Prem Jyoti Singh
name: Dou, Benjia Dak
name: Gu, Hangyu
name: Uddin, Md Aslam
name: Yang, Guang
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description: Interstitial iodides are the most critical type of defects in perovskite solar cells that limits efficiency and stability. They can be generated during solution, film, and device processing, further accelerating degradation. Herein, we find that introducing a small amount of a zinc salt- zinc trifluoromethane sulfonate (Zn(OOSCF3)2) in the perovskite solution can control the iodide defects in resultant perovskites ink and films. CF3SOO̶ vigorously suppresses molecular iodine formation in the perovskites by reducing it to iodide. At the same time, zinc cations can precipitate excess iodide by forming a Zn-Amine complex so that the iodide interstitials in the resultant perovskite films can be suppressed. The perovskite films using these additives show improved photoluminescence quantum efficiency and reduce deep trap density, despite zinc cations reducing the perovskite grain size and iodide interstitials. The zinc additives facilitate the formation of more uniform perovskite films on large-area substrates (78-108 cm2) in the blade-coating process. Fabricated minimodules show power conversion efficiencies of 19.60% and 19.21% with aperture areas of 84 and 108 cm2, respectively, as certified by National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), the highest efficiency certified for minimodules of these sizes.
Bacterial Infections in Neonates Following Mupirocin-Based MRSA Decolonization: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Creators: name: Pierce, R
name: Bryant, K
name: Elward, A
name: Lessler, J
name: Milstone, A.M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: OBJECTIVE To characterize the risk of infection after MRSA decolonization with intranasal mupirocin. DESIGN Multicenter, retrospective cohort study. SETTING Tertiary care neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) from 3 urban hospitals in the United States ranging in size from 45 to 100 beds. METHODS MRSA-colonized neonates were identified from NICU admissions occurring from January 2007 to December 2014, during which a targeted decolonization strategy was used for MRSA control. In 2 time-to-event analyses, MRSA-colonized neonates were observed from the date of the first MRSA-positive surveillance screen until (1) the first occurrence of novel gram-positive cocci in sterile culture or discharge or (2) the first occurrence of novel gram-negative bacilli in sterile culture or discharge. Mupirocin exposure was treated as time varying. RESULTS A total of 522 MRSA-colonized neonates were identified from 16,144 neonates admitted to site NICUs. Of the MRSA-colonized neonates, 384 (74%) received mupirocin. Average time from positive culture to mupirocin treatment was 3.5 days (standard deviation, 7.2 days). The adjusted hazard of gram-positive cocci infection was 64% lower among mupirocin-exposed versus mupirocin-unexposed neonates (hazard ratio, 0.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.17-0.76), whereas the adjusted hazard ratio of gram-negative bacilli infection comparing mupirocin-exposed and -unexposed neonates was 1.05 (95% CI, 0.42-2.62). CONCLUSIONS In this multicentered cohort of MRSA-colonized neonates, mupirocin-based decolonization treatment appeared to decrease the risk of infection with select gram-positive organisms as intended, and the treatment was not significantly associated with risk of subsequent infections with organisms not covered by mupirocin's spectrum of activity.
Bathythrix tenuis
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Bathythrix
Bathythrix tenuis

description: Bathythrix tenuis (GRAVENHORST, 1829)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 2: 1♀ 5-20.v., 1♀ 20.v.-1.vi., 1♀ 1-15.vi.; trap 4: 1♀ 1- 15.vi.; trap 7: 1♁ 5-20.v., 1♀ 1-13.vi.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Western Palaearctic, known from Georgia (RIEDEL & JAPOSHVILI 2021).
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 121, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
Energy Efficiency in Agrarian Systems From an Agroecological Perspective
Creators: name: Guzmán, Gloria I.
name: Molina, Manuel González De
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences

description: Energy analyses applied to agriculture should express something more than the “energy cost” of the net biomass produced for the benefit of society. They should also provide information about structural and functional changes in the agroecosystem which might affect the maintenance of the ecosystem services which the agroecosystem provides. With this aim, a methodological proposal has been developed to add agroecological EROIs (energy return on the investment) to the existing economic EROIs. This proposal has been applied to an agroecosystem which is representative of Mediterranean agro-climatic conditions at three key moments: one of balanced organic agriculture (1752), at the beginning of the use of chemical inputs (1904), and a time of agricultural production decoupled from its territory (1997). The results demonstrate the usefulness of the combination of both types of EROI in the detection of processes (agriculturalization vs. livestock farming, reforestation, generation of spatial heterogeneity, or the maintenance of biodiversity), which affect the “fund” elements of agroecosystems and their capacity to generate “flows” of ecosystem services.