cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The polygenic risk for obsessive-compulsive disorder is associated with the personality trait harm avoidance
Creators: name: Bey, Katharina
name: Weinhold, L.
name: Grützmann, R.
name: Heinzel, S.
name: Kaufmann, C.
name: Klawohn, J.
name: Riesel, A.
name: Lennertz, L.
name: Schmid, M.
name: Ramirez, A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: obsessive-compulsive disorder
subject: OCD
subject: polygenic risk score
subject: PRS
subject: harm avoidance
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Objective: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a complex psychiatric disorder with a substantial genetic contribution. While the specific variants underlying OCD's heritability are still unknown, findings from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) corroborate the importance of common SNPs explaining the phenotypic variance in OCD. Investigating associations between the genetic liability for OCD, as reflected by a polygenic risk score (PRS), and potential endophenotypes of the disorder, such as the personality trait harm avoidance, may aid the understanding of functional pathways from genes to diagnostic phenotypes. Methods: We derived PRS for OCD at severalP-value thresholds based on the latest Psychiatric Genomics Consortium OCD GWAS (2688 cases, 7037 controls) in an independent sample of OCD patients (n = 180), their unaffected first-degree relatives (n = 108) and healthy controls (n = 200). Using linear regression, we tested whether these PRS are associated with the personality trait harm avoidance. Results: Results showed that OCD PRS significantly predicted OCD status, with patients having the highest scores and relatives having intermediate scores. Furthermore, the genetic risk for OCD was associated with harm avoidance across the entire sample, and among OCD patients. As indicated by mediation analyses, harm avoidance mediated the association between the OCD PRS and OCD caseness. These results were observed at multipleP-value thresholds and persisted after the exclusion of patients with a current comorbid major depressive or anxiety disorder. Conclusion: Our findings support the polygenic nature of OCD and further validate harm avoidance as a candidate endophenotype and diathesis of OCD.
Generating multi-scale predictive networks of Northern Corn Leaf Blight resistance
Creators: name: Clark, Natalie M
name: Song, Gaoyuan
name: Kabahuma, Mercy
name: Lopez, Miriam
name: Lauter, Nick
name: Walley, Justin W
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: systems biology
gene regulatory network
maize
quantitative genetics
northern corn leaf blight
integrative omics

description: This talk was presented as part of the eLife Online Research Talks series on April 9, 2020: https://elifesciences.org/inside-elife/1a9d9c08/elife-and-covid-19-keeping-communications-open-with-online-research-talks Northern Corn Leaf Blight (NLB) is one of the most significant corn diseases, causing the largest crop loss of any disease in the Northern United States from 2012-2015. Understanding how gene expression correlates with specific disease phenotypes is critical for developing disease-resistant crops that enhance global food security and limit economic losses. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms mediating resistance to NLB are not well understood. Thus, the goal of this study is to integrate transcriptome and proteome measurements with disease phenotyping and computational modeling to build predictive regulatory networks of NLB resistance. To address this, 134 Intermated B73xMo17 Doubled Haploid Lines (IBMDHLs) were planted in a field plot using a randomized complete block design. Plants were treated with NLB inoculum at the sixth and seventh vegetative stages. Seven days after inoculation, leaf material was collected from 3 infected plants for each of the lines. Transcriptomic profiling on the infected plant samples was performed using 3’ QuantSeq, and mass spectrometry was performed using 11-plex Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) peptide labeling. Using these methods, we were able to detect over 44,000 transcripts, 11,000 proteins, and 42,000 phosphosites. We then performed Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) mapping on each of these molecular datasets as well as disease QTL mapping. We identified over 25,000 transcript, 5,000 protein, and 4,500 phosphosite QTL (eQTL, pQTL, and phosQTL, respectively), of which approximately 20% co-localize with disease QTL. In addition, only approximately 20% of pQTL and 10% of phosQTL overlap with eQTL, illustrating that the incorporation of proteomic data identifies complimentary regulatory events. We then inferred a network of the genes involved in these different QTLs using Spatiotemporal Clustering for Integrative Omics Networks (SCION: https://github.com/nmclark2/SCION). Together these data provide a comprehensive view of the gene regulatory landscape of corn leaves in response to NLB.
Organic synthesis on Mars by electrochemical reduction of CO2
Creators: name: Steele, A.
name: Benning, Liane G.
name: Wirth, R.
name: Siljeström, S.
name: Fries, M. D.
name: Hauri, E.
name: Conrad, P. G.
name: Rogers, K.
name: Eigenbrode, J.
name: Schreiber, A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: organic synthesis
subject: Mars
subject: electrochemical reduction
subject: CO2
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: The sources and nature of organic carbon on Mars have been a subject of intense research. Steele et al. (2012) showed that 10 martian meteorites contain macromolecular carbon phases contained within pyroxene- and olivine-hosted melt inclusions. Here, we show that martian meteorites Tissint, Nakhla, and NWA 1950 have an inventory of organic carbon species associated with fluid-mineral reactions that are remarkably consistent with those detected by the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission. We advance the hypothesis that interactions among spinel-group minerals, sulfides, and a brine enable the electrochemical reduction of aqueous CO2 to organic molecules. Although documented here in martian samples, a similar process likely occurs wherever igneous rocks containing spinel-group minerals and/or sulfides encounter brines.
Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cell Deficiency in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Creators: name: Kwon, Yong Soo
name: Jin, Hye-Mi
name: Young-Nan Cho
name: Moon-Ju Kim
name: Jeong-Hwa Kang
name: Jung, Hyun-Ju
name: Ki-Jeong Park
name: Kee, Hae Jin
name: Seung-Jung Kee
name: Yong-Wook Park
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have been reported to play an important role in mucosal immunity. However, little is known about the roles of MAIT cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aims of this study were to examine the levels of circulating MAIT cells and their subsets in COPD patients and to investigate the potential relationship between clinical parameters and MAIT cell levels. Forty-five COPD patients and 57 healthy control subjects were enrolled in the study. Circulating MAIT cells and their subset levels in the peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry. Disease grades were classified according to the GOLD criteria for the assessment of severity of COPD. Circulating MAIT cell levels were found to be significantly reduced in COPD patients. In particular, this MAIT cell deficiency was more prominent in CD8+ and double-negative T cell subsets. Interestingly, elevated serum C-reactive protein level and reduced FEV1/FVC ratio were associated with MAIT cell deficiency in COPD patients. Furthermore, the circulating MAIT levels were found to be significantly lower in patients with moderate to severe COPD than in patients with mild COPD. Our data shows that MAIT cells are numerically deficient in the peripheral blood of patients with COPD. In addition, this MAIT cell deficiency was found to reflect inflammatory activity and disease severity. These findings provide important information for monitoring the changes in MAIT cell levels and for predicting the prognosis during the disease course.
Age-Dependent Progression of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Syrian Hamsters
Creators: name: Osterrieder, Nikolaus
name: Bertzbach, Luca D.
name: Dietert, Kristina
name: Abdelgawad, Azza
name: Vladimirova, Daria
name: Kunec, Dusan
name: Hoffmann, Donata
name: Beer, Martin
name: Gruber, Achim D.
name: Trimpert, Jakob
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: coronavirus
subject: Mesocricetus auratus
subject: animal model
subject: COVID-19
subject: pneumonia
subject: age-related disease
subject: histopathology
subject: in situ hybridization
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: In late 2019, an outbreak of a severe respiratory disease caused by an emerging coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, resulted in high morbidity and mortality in infected humans. Complete understanding of COVID-19, the multi-faceted disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, requires suitable small animal models, as does the development and evaluation of vaccines and antivirals. Since age-dependent differences of COVID-19 were identified in humans, we compared the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in young and aged Syrian hamsters. We show that virus replication in the upper and lower respiratory tract was independent of the age of the animals. However, older hamsters exhibited more pronounced and consistent weight loss. In situ hybridization in the lungs identified viral RNA in bronchial epithelium, alveolar epithelial cells type I and II, and macrophages. Histopathology revealed clear age-dependent differences, with young hamsters launching earlier and stronger immune cell influx than aged hamsters. The latter developed conspicuous alveolar and perivascular edema, indicating vascular leakage. In contrast, we observed rapid lung recovery at day 14 after infection only in young hamsters. We propose that comparative assessment in young versus aged hamsters of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and treatments may yield valuable information, as this small-animal model appears to mirror age-dependent differences in human patients.
Additional file 1 of Hyperuricemia and diabetes mellitus when occurred together have higher risks than alone on all-cause mortality and end-stage renal disease in patients with chronic kidney disease
Creators: name: Li, Cheng-Hung
name: Lee, Chia-Lin
name: Hsieh, Yu-Cheng
name: Chen, Cheng-Hsu
name: Wu, Ming-Ju
name: Tsai, Shang-Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
First report of the nutritional profile and antioxidant potential of Holothuria arguinensis, a new resource for aquaculture in Europe
Creators: name: Roggatz, Christina C.
name: González-Wangüemert, Mercedes
name: Pereira, Hugo
name: Rodrigues, Maria João
name: Silva, Manuela Moreira Da
name: Barreira, Luísa
name: Varela, João
name: Custódio, Luísa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: This work reports for the first time the nutritional profile and antioxidant potential of the edible sea cucumber Holothuria arguinensis from the North-eastern Atlantic. H. arguinensis has high levels of protein, with the amino acids profile dominated by alanine, glycine and proline and low lysine/arginine ratios. Its carbohydrate and energetic contents are also low as well as the total lipid levels, although its lipid profile is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids. In addition, H. arguinensis has high levels of calcium. The water and ethanol extracts show ability to scavenge free radicals and to chelate copper and iron ions. Our results indicate that H. arguinensis has a balanced nutritional quality suitable for human consumption. In addition, it contains compounds with antioxidant potential; thus its intake can contribute for a healthy and well-balanced diet.
Composite symmetry-protected topological order and effective models
Creators: name: Nietner, A.
name: Krumnow, C.
name: Bergholtz, Emil J.
name: Eisert, J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: topological phases of matter
subject: order parameters
subject: quantum phase transitions
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Strongly correlated quantum many-body systems at low dimension exhibit a wealth of phenomena, ranging from features of geometric frustration to signatures of symmetry-protected topological order. In suitable descriptions of such systems, it can be helpful to resort to effective models, which focus on the essential degrees of freedom of the given model. In this work, we analyze how to determine the validity of an effective model by demanding it to be in the same phase as the original model. We focus our study on one-dimensional spin-1/2 systems and explain how nontrivial symmetry-protected topologically ordered (SPT) phases of an effective spin-1 model can arise depending on the couplings in the original Hamiltonian. In this analysis, tensor network methods feature in two ways: on the one hand, we make use of recent techniques for the classification of SPT phases using matrix product states in order to identify the phases in the effective model with those in the underlying physical system, employing Künneth's theorem for cohomology. As an intuitive paradigmatic model we exemplify the developed methodology by investigating the bilayered Δ chain. For strong ferromagnetic interlayer couplings, we find the system to transit into exactly the same phase as an effective spin-1 model. However, for weak but finite coupling strength, we identify a symmetry broken phase differing from this effective spin-1 description. On the other hand, we underpin our argument with a numerical analysis making use of matrix product states.
Fe3O4@SiO2–NH2 core-shell nanocomposite as an efficient and green catalyst for the multi-component synthesis of highly substituted chromeno[2,3-b]pyridines in aqueous ethanol media
Creators: name: Ghasemzadeh, Mohammad Ali
name: Abdollahi-Basir, Mohammad Hossein
name: Babaei, Masoomeh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry

description: ABSTRACTAn efficient and green approach for synthesizing chromeno[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives through one-pot three-component reactions of salicylaldehydes, thiols, and malononitrile has been developed by Fe3O4@SiO2–NH2 nanocatalyst in aqueous ethanol media under reﬂux conditions. The present procedure provides several advantages such as environmentally benign, straightforward, excellent yields, short reaction times, cost-effective, good recyclability, little catalyst loading, and facile catalyst separation for the preparation of chromeno[2,3-b]pyridines as important privileged medicinal scaffold. In addition, aminopropyl-coated Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles were fully characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive analysis of X-ray, vibrating sample magnetometer, and FT-IR analysis.
title: World Flora Online
title: Placing taxonomists at the heart of a definitive and comprehensive global resource on the world's plants
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Borsch, Thomas
name: Berendsohn, Walter G.
name: Dalcin, Eduardo
name: Delmas, Maïté
name: Demissew, Sebsebe
name: Elliott, Alan
name: Fritsch, Peter
name: Fuchs, Anne
name: Geltman, Dmitry
name: Raab‐Straube, Eckhard Von
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: biodiversity assessment
subject: global species list
subject: Global Strategy for Plant Conservation
subject: science policy
subject: taxonomy
subject: vascular plants
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: It is time to synthesize the knowledge that has been generated through more than 260 years of botanical exploration, taxonomic and, more recently, phylogenetic research throughout the world. The adoption of an updated Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) in 2011 provided the essential impetus for the development of the World Flora Online (WFO) project. The project represents an international, coordinated effort by the botanical community to achieve GSPC Target 1, an electronic Flora of all plants. It will be a first‐ever unique and authoritative global source of information on the world's plant diversity, compiled, curated, moderated and updated by an expert and specialist‐based community (Taxonomic Expert Networks – “TENs” – covering a taxonomic group such as family or order) and actively managed by those who have compiled and contributed the data it includes. Full credit and acknowledgement will be given to the original sources, allowing users to refer back to the primary data. A strength of the project is that it is led and endorsed by a global consortium of more than 40 leading botanical institutions worldwide. A first milestone for producing the World Flora Online is to be accomplished by the end of 2020, but the WFO Consortium is committed to continuing the WFO programme beyond 2020 when it will develop its full impact as the authoritative source of information on the world's plant biodiversity.
Contextuality as a Resource for Models of Quantum Computation with Qubits
Creators: name: Bermejo-Vega, Juani
name: Delfosse, Nicolas
name: Browne, Dan E.
name: Okay, Cihan
name: Raussendorf, Robert
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum computation
subject: Quantum foundations
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: A central question in quantum computation is to identify the resources that are responsible for quantum speed-up. Quantum contextuality has been recently shown to be a resource for quantum computation with magic states for odd-prime dimensional qudits and two-dimensional systems with real wave functions. The phenomenon of state-independent contextuality poses a priori an obstruction to characterizing the case of regular qubits, the fundamental building block of quantum computation. Here, we establish contextuality of magic states as a necessary resource for a large class of quantum computation schemes on qubits. We illustrate our result with a concrete scheme related to measurement-based quantum computation.
Additional file 1 of Screen time and health issues in Chinese school-aged children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Zhang, Youjie
name: Tian, Shun
name: Zou, Dan
name: Zhang, Hengyan
name: Pan, Chen-Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table A.1. Search strategies. Table A.2. Data extraction table.
First report of the nutritional profile and antioxidant potential of Holothuria arguinensis, a new resource for aquaculture in Europe
Creators: name: Roggatz, Christina C.
name: González-Wangüemert, Mercedes
name: Pereira, Hugo
name: Rodrigues, Maria João
name: Silva, Manuela Moreira Da
name: Barreira, Luísa
name: Varela, João
name: Custódio, Luísa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: This work reports for the first time the nutritional profile and antioxidant potential of the edible sea cucumber Holothuria arguinensis from the North-eastern Atlantic. H. arguinensis has high levels of protein, with the amino acids profile dominated by alanine, glycine and proline and low lysine/arginine ratios. Its carbohydrate and energetic contents are also low as well as the total lipid levels, although its lipid profile is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids. In addition, H. arguinensis has high levels of calcium. The water and ethanol extracts show ability to scavenge free radicals and to chelate copper and iron ions. Our results indicate that H. arguinensis has a balanced nutritional quality suitable for human consumption. In addition, it contains compounds with antioxidant potential; thus its intake can contribute for a healthy and well-balanced diet.
ЮҚОРИ КИМЁВИЙ ТАРКИБЛИ СУВЛАРНИНГ ИСТЕЪМОЛИ ТАЪСИРИДА ОРГАНИЗМДА ЮЗ БЕРАДИГАН  ЎЗГАРИШЛАР
Creators: name: Худойбердиев, Д.К.
name: Сафаров, Фурқат
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Юқори кимёвий таркибли ер ости сувлар билвосита таъсири организмнинг 70-80% ини ташкил этувчи сувнинг радиолизи ҳосил бўлиши билан изоҳланади, бунда сув ионизацияланганда оксидловчи ва ишқорий хусусиятларига эга радикаллар шаклланади. Бундан ташқари атомар водород, гидропероксил радикаллар, водород пероксиди ҳосил бўлиши ҳам аҳамиятли. Эркин оксидловчи радикаллар ферментатив реакцияга киришиб, бунинг натижасида фаол сульфгидрил гуруҳлар фаол бўлмаган дисульфид бирикмаларга айланади. Ушбу биокимёвий жараёнлар фермент тизимлари каталитик фаоллигининг пасайишига олиб келади, бу ўз навбатида ҳужайра ядроларида ДНК ва РНК нинг камайишига олиб келади, бу ҳолат улар янгиланишлари жараёнларини бузади.
Cybersecurity in healthcare: a narrative review of trends, threats and ways forward (2024)
Creators: name: Kazi, Neha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460499
subject: Cybersecurity and privacy not elsewhere classified

description: The research paper adopts a narrative review format to comprehensively address the multifaceted landscape of cybersecurity in healthcare. Given the dynamic nature of cybersecurity threats and solutions, a narrative review provides the flexibility to synthesize information from diverse sources, including academic databases, industry reports, and regulatory guidelines, within the specified timeframe (2019-2024). This approach allows for a nuanced exploration of emerging trends, threats, and mitigation strategies, offering a timely and relevant overview of the field. The narrative review format was chosen to facilitate a holistic discussion, providing valuable insights for stakeholders, policymakers, and practitioners, and contributing to the ongoing discourse on securing patient data and critical infrastructure in the digital healthcare era.
Suicidal ideation modulates the reduction in serotonin transporter availability in male military conscripts with major depression: A 4-[18F]-ADAM PET study
Creators: name: Yeh, Yi-Wei
name: Pei-Shen Ho
name: Chun-Yen Chen
name: Shin-Chang Kuo
name: Chih-Sung Liang
name: Che-Hung Yen
name: Chang-Chih Huang
name: Chyng-Yann Shiue
name: Huang, Wen-Sheng
name: Kuo-Hsing Ma
name: Ru-Band Lu
name: San-Yuan Huang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology

description: Objectives. Suicide is an important issue in the military service, since it can influence military morale and create dangerous situations for other personnel. The serotonin transporter (SERT) has been suggested to be involved in the pathophysiology of depression and suicidal behaviours. The aims of this study were to examine whether the brain SERT availability differs between military conscripts with depression and control subjects, and whether suicidal ideation is correlated with SERT availability. Methods.We used N,N-dimethyl-2-(2-amino-4-[18F]-fluorophenylthio)benzylamine (4-[18F]-ADAM) as a radioligand for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. All participants completed the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSS) prior to PET imaging. Results. The effect of major depression and BSS scores had an interaction on SERT availability. After adjusting for the BSS score, subjects with depression had lower SERT availability than control subjects (F1,17 =  23.85, P < 0.001). A positive correlation between SERT availability and BSS scores was observed in the depression group (F1,8 =  30.67, P = 0.001). The status of depression and intensity of suicidal ideation exert opposite effects on SERT availability. Conclusions. The extent of suicidal ideation may moderate the reduction effect in SERT binding observed in major depression in male military conscripts.
A review of fMRI studies during visual emotive processing in major depressive disorder
Creators: name: Jaworska, Natalia
name: Yang, Xiao-Ru
name: Knott, Verner
name: MacQueen, Glenda
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Meta Science
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Cell Biology

description: Objectives. This review synthesized literature on brain activity, indexed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), during visual affective information processing in major depressive disorder (MDD). Activation was examined in regions consistently implicated in emotive processing, including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), prefrontal cortex (PFC), amygdala, thalamus/basal ganglia and hippocampus. We also reviewed the effects of antidepressant interventions on brain activity during emotive processing. Methods. Sixty-four fMRI studies investigating neural activity during visual emotive information processing in MDD were included. Results. Evidence indicates increased ventro-rostral ACC activity to emotive stimuli and perhaps decreased dorsal ACC activity in MDD. Findings are inconsistent for the PFC, though medial PFC hyperactivity tends to emerge to emotive information processing in the disorder. Depressed patients display increased amygdala activation to negative and arousing stimuli. MDD may also be associated with increased activity to negative, and decreased activity to positive, stimuli in basal ganglia/thalamic structures. Finally, there may be increased hippocampus activation during negative information processing. Typically, antidepressant interventions normalize these activation patterns. Conclusion. In general, depressed patients have increased activation to emotive, especially negative, visual stimuli in regions involved in affective processing, with the exception of certain PFC regions; this pattern tends to normalize with treatment.
title: Pinacyanol Chloride Forms Mesoscopic H- and J-Aggregates in Aqueous Solution
title: A Spectroscopic and Cryo-Transmission Electron Microscopy Study
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Berlepsch, Hans Von
name: Ludwig, Kai
name: Böttcher, Christoph
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie

description: The aggregation behaviour of the cationic pinacyanol chloride in aqueous solution is investigated using absorption and linear dichroism spectroscopies, optical microscopy and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). The investigations are focused on solutions in a concentration range from 50 μM up to 1 mM. At a concentration of 0.7 mM H-aggregates are detected that are characterized by a broad absorption band centred at [similar]511 nm. The aggregates possess a tubular architecture with a single-layer wall thickness of [similar]2.5 nm and an outer diameter of [similar]6.5 nm. Linear dichroism spectroscopy indicates that the molecules are packed with their long axis parallel to the tube axis. These H-aggregates are not stable, but transform into J-aggregates on the time scale of weeks. The kinetics of J-aggregation depends on the dye concentration and the route of sample preparation, but can also be enhanced by shear stress. J-aggregates possess a split absorption spectrum composed of two longitudinally polarized J-bands and one H-band that is polarized perpendicular to the aggregate axis. The J-aggregates are [similar]9 nm wide and several micrometer long fibrils consisting of stacked pairs of ribbons with a dumbbell-shaped density cross-section. Upon aging these ribbons laterally stack face-to-face to form tape-like aggregates.
Flat bands with higher Chern number in pyrochlore slabs
Creators: name: Trescher, Maximilian
name: Bergholtz, Emil J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik

description: A large number of recent works point to the emergence of intriguing analogs of fractional quantum Hall states in lattice models due to effective interactions in nearly flat bands with Chern number C=1. Here, we provide an intuitive and efficient construction of almost dispersionless bands with higher Chern numbers. Inspired by the physics of quantum Hall multilayers and pyrochlore- based transition-metal oxides, we study a tight-binding model describing spin- orbit coupled electrons in N parallel kagome layers connected by apical sites forming N−1 intermediate triangular layers (as in the pyrochlore lattice). For each N, we find finite regions in parameter space giving a virtually flat band with C=N. We analytically express the states within these topological bands in terms of single-layer states and thereby explicitly demonstrate that the C=N wave functions have an appealing structure in which layer index and translations in reciprocal space are intricately coupled. This provides a promising arena for new collective states of matter.
Relaxation lifetimes of plasmonically enhanced hybrid gold-carbon nanotubes systems
Creators: name: Gläske, Mareen
name: Kumar, M.
name: Bisswanger, Timo
name: Vaitiekenas, S.
name: Soci, C.
name: Narula, R.
name: Bruno, A.
name: Setaro, Antonio
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik

description: Recently, we introduced a novel hybridization route for carbon nanotubes using gold nanoparticles, whose close proximity neatly enhances their radiative emission. Here we investigate the mechanisms behind the enhancement by monitoring the de-excitation dynamics of our π-hybrids through two-color pump- probe time-resolved spectroscopy. The de-excitation process reveals a fast component and a slow component. We find that the presence of gold prominently affects the fast processes, indicating a stronger influence of the gold nanoparticle on the intra-band non-radiative relaxation than on the inter-band recombination of the single-walled carbon nanotube. By evaluating the de- excitation times, we estimate the balance between near-field pumping and the faster metal-induced de-excitation contributions, proving the enhanced pumping to be the leading mechanism.
What to expect from a third step in treatment resistant depression: A prospective open study on escitalopram
Creators: name: Souery, Daniel
name: Calati, Raffaella
name: Papageorgiou, Konstantinos
name: Alzbeta Juven-Wetzler
name: Gailledreau, Joël
name: Modavi, David
name: Sentissi, Othman
name: Pitchot, William
name: Papadimitriou, George N.
name: Dikeos, Dimitris
name: Montgomery, Stuart
name: Kasper, Siegfried
name: Zohar, Joseph
name: Serretti, Alessandro
name: Mendlewicz, Julien
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Microbiology

description: Objectives. Only few studies investigated treatment strategies for treatment resistant depression (TRD). The objective of this multicentre study was to evaluate TRD patients who did not respond to at least two antidepressants. Methods. A total of 417 patients, who failed to respond to a previous retrospectively assessed antidepressant (AD1), were firstly included in a 6-week venlafaxine treatment (AD2); secondly, those who failed to respond were treated for further 6 weeks with escitalopram (AD3). Results. Out of 417 patients who had failed to respond to previous treatment (AD1), 334 completed treatment with venlafaxine to prospectively define TRD. In the intent to treat (ITT) population in the first phase of the trial (AD2), responders to venlafaxine were 151 (36.21%) out of which remitters were 83 (19.90%). After phase one, 170 non-responders, defined as TRD, were included in the second phase and 157 completed the course. Of the 170 ITT entering the second phase (AD3), responders to escitalopram were 71 (41.76%) out of which remitters were 39 (22.94%). After the third treatment, patients showed a dropout rate of 7.65% and a rate of presence of at least one serious adverse event of 19.18%. Conclusions. Relevant rates of response and remission may be observed after a third line treatment in patients resistant to two previous treatments. A relevant limitation of this study was represented by the design: naturalistic, non-randomized, open-label, without a control sample and with unblinded raters.
Acid Alteration at Mawrth Vallis between the older Fe/Mg-rich Clays and the younger Al/Si-rich Clays
Creators: name: Bishop, Janice L.
name: Gross, Christoph
name: Wray, J. J.
name: Horgan, B.
name: Viviano-Beck, C. E.
name: Seelos, F. P.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie

description: Spectral doublet at 2.21-2.23 and 2.26-2.28 µm attributed to acidic alteration of Fe/Mg-smectite at Mawrth Vallis.
Architectures for Quantum Simulation Showing a Quantum Speedup
Creators: name: Bermejo-Vega, Juani
name: Hangleiter, Dominik
name: Schwarz, Martin
name: Raussendorf, Robert
name: Eisert, Jens
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cold atoms & matter waves
subject: Quantum entanglement
subject: Quantum simulation
subject: 500 Natural sciences and mathematics::530 Physics::539 Modern physics

description: One of the main aims in the field of quantum simulation is to achieve a quantum speedup, often referred to as “quantum computational supremacy,” referring to the experimental realization of a quantum device that computationally outperforms classical computers. In this work, we show that one can devise versatile and feasible schemes of two-dimensional, dynamical, quantum simulators showing such a quantum speedup, building on intermediate problems involving nonadaptive, measurement-based, quantum computation. In each of the schemes, an initial product state is prepared, potentially involving an element of randomness as in disordered models, followed by a short-time evolution under a basic translationally invariant Hamiltonian with simple nearest-neighbor interactions and a mere sampling measurement in a fixed basis. The correctness of the final-state preparation in each scheme is fully efficiently certifiable. We discuss experimental necessities and possible physical architectures, inspired by platforms of cold atoms in optical lattices and a number of others, as well as specific assumptions that enter the complexity-theoretic arguments. This work shows that benchmark settings exhibiting a quantum speedup may require little control, in contrast to universal quantum computing. Thus, our proposal puts a convincing experimental demonstration of a quantum speedup within reach in the near term.
Additional file 1 of Time-independent forecast model for large crustal earthquakes in southwest Japan using GNSS data
Creators: name: Nishimura, Takuya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. GNSS strain rates and historical earthquakes in southwest Japan. Figure S2. Probability of M ≥ 6 crustal earthquakes over 30 years. Figure S3. Scatter plot between seismic moment and geodetic moment rate for each model.
Metergoline Shares Properties with Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs Identified by Gene Expression Signature Screen
Creators: name: Bortolasci, CC
name: Jaehne, Emily
name: Hernández, D
name: Spolding, B
name: Connor, T
name: Panizzutti, B
name: Dean, OM
name: Crowley, TM
name: Yung, AR
name: Gray, Laura
name: Kim, JH
name: van den Buuse, Maarten
name: Berk, M
name: Walder, K
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 321406
subject: Pharmacogenomics
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology
classificationCode: 3101
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology
classificationCode: 3209
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 320221
subject: Psychiatry (incl. psychotherapy)
classificationCode: 3202
subject: Clinical sciences

description: Novel approaches are required to find new treatments for schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders. This study utilised a combination of in vitro transcriptomics and in silico analysis with the BROAD Institute’s Connectivity Map to identify drugs that can be repurposed to treat psychiatric disorders. Human neuronal (NT2-N) cells were treated with a combination of atypical antipsychotic drugs commonly used to treat psychiatric disorders (such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder), and differential gene expression was analysed. Biological pathways with an increased gene expression included circadian rhythm and vascular endothelial growth factor signalling, while the adherens junction and cell cycle pathways were transcriptionally downregulated. The Connectivity Map (CMap) analysis screen highlighted drugs that affect global gene expression in a similar manner to these psychiatric disorder treatments, including several other antipsychotic drugs, confirming the utility of this approach. The CMap screen specifically identified metergoline, an ergot alkaloid currently used to treat seasonal affective disorder, as a drug of interest. In mice, metergoline dose-dependently reduced MK-801- or methamphetamine-induced locomotor hyperactivity confirming the potential of metergoline to treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia in an animal model. Metergoline had no effects on prepulse inhibition deficits induced by MK-801 or methamphetamine. Taken together, metergoline appears a promising drug for further studies to be repurposed as a treatment for schizophrenia and possibly other psychiatric disorders.
Fiscal Policy Trends: Bank Runs Can Occur in Uncertain Times, Including During a Pandemic, but They Are Not Likely - Especially in Canada
Creators: name: Shiamptanis, Christos
Publisher: name: The School of Public Policy Publications
Year: 2020

description: In times of elevated uncertainty and stress, people tend to panic and engage in stockpiling, a behaviour that is amplified by the fear of missing out. Some rush to supermarkets to accumulate toilet paper and non-perishable items, while others rush to the bank and withdraw large amounts of cash. During economic downturns, some might lose faith in their financial institution, and this fear of losing savings can lead to a run on banks.
description: The School of Public Policy Publications, Vol 13 (2020)
Additional file 1 of Health systems’ preparedness to provide post-abortion care: assessment of health facilities in Burkina Faso, Kenya and Nigeria
Creators: name: Juma, Kenneth
name: Ouedraogo, Ramatou
name: Amo-Adjei, Joshua
name: Sie, Ali
name: Ouattara, Mamadou
name: Emma-Echiegu, Nkechi
name: Eton, Joseph
name: Mutua, Michael
name: Bangha, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary file 1.
Closing Gaps of a Quantum Advantage with Short-Time Hamiltonian Dynamics
Creators: name: Haferkamp, Jonas
name: Hangleiter, Dominik
name: Bouland, A.
name: Fefferman, B.
name: Eisert, Jens
name: Bermejo-Vega, Juani
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum computation
subject: Quantum simulation
subject: Computational complexity
subject: Quantum Information
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: Demonstrating a quantum computational speed-up is a crucial milestone for near-term quantum technology. Recently, sampling protocols for quantum simulators have been proposed that have the potential to show such a quantum advantage, based on commonly made assumptions. The key challenge in the theoretical analysis of this scheme—as of other comparable schemes such as boson sampling—is to lessen the assumptions and close the theoretical loopholes, replacing them by rigorous arguments. In this work, we prove two open conjectures for a simple sampling protocol that is based on the continuous time evolution of a translation-invariant Ising Hamiltonian: anticoncentration of the generated probability distributions and average-case hardness of exactly evaluating those probabilities. The latter is proven building upon recently developed techniques for random circuit sampling. For the former, we exploit the insight that approximate 2-designs for the unitary group admit anticoncentration. We then develop new techniques to prove that the 2D time evolution of the protocol gives rise to approximate 2-designs. Our work provides the strongest theoretical evidence to date that Hamiltonian quantum simulators are classically intractable.
Additional file 1 of Long term tailored implementation of structured “TREAT” journal clubs in allied health: a hybrid effectiveness-implementation study
Creators: name: Wenke, Rachel
name: Wiseman, Jodie
name: Brandenburg, Caitlin
name: Stehlik, Paulina
name: Hughes, Ian
name: Richards, Katherine
name: Mickan, Sharon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
Characterization of emissions from a desktop 3D printer and indoor air measurements in office settings
Creators: name: Steinle, Patrick
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: ABSTRACTEmissions from a desktop 3D printer based on fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology were measured in a test chamber and indoor air was monitored in office settings. Ultrafine aerosol (UFA) emissions were higher while printing a standard object with polylactic acid (PLA) than with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymer (2.1 x 109 vs. 2.4 x 108 particles/min). Prolonged use of the printer led to higher emission rates (factor 2 with PLA and 4 with ABS, measured after seven months of occasional use).UFA consisted mainly of volatile droplets, and some small (100 – 300 nm diameter) iron containing and soot-like particles were found. Emissions of inhalable and respirable dust were below the limit of detection (LOD) when measured gravimetrically, and only slightly higher than background when measured with an aerosol spectrometer. Emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) were in the range of 10 µg/min. Styrene accounted for more than 50% of total VOC emitted when printing with ABS; for PLA, methyl methacrylate (MMA, 37% of TVOC) was detected as the predominant compound. Two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), fluoranthene and pyrene, were observed in very low amounts. All other analyzed PAH, as well as inorganic gases and metal emissions except iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), were below the LOD or did not differ from background without printing. A single 3D print (165 min) in a large, well-ventilated office did not significantly increase the UFA and VOC concentrations, whereas these were readily detectable in a small, unventilated room, with UFA concentrations increasing by 2,000 particles/cm3 and MMA reaching a peak of 21 µg/m3 and still being detectable in the room even 20 h after printing.
Cyanine Dye Coupling Mediates Self-assembly of a pH Sensitive Peptide into Novel 3D Architectures
Creators: name: Fernandes, Rita
name: Chowdhary, Suvrat
name: Mikula, Natalia
name: Saleh, Noureldin
name: Kanevche, Katerina
name: Berlepsch, Hans Von
name: Heberle, Joachim
name: Weber, Marcus
name: Böttcher, Christoph
name: Koksch, Beate
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chromophore Assembly
subject: Cyanines
subject: De Novo Peptide
subject: Electron Microscopy
subject: H-Aggregates
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Synthetic multichromophore systems are of great importance in artificial light harvesting devices, organic optoelectronics, tumor imaging and therapy. Here, we introduce a promising strategy for the construction of self-assembled peptide templated dye stacks based on coupling of a de novo designed pH sensitive peptide with a cyanine dye Cy5 at its N-terminus. Microscopic techniques, in particular cryogenic TEM (cryo-TEM) and cryo-electron tomography technique (cryo-ET), reveal two types of highly ordered three-dimensional assembly structures on the micrometer scale. Unbranched compact layered rods are observed at pH 7.4 and two-dimensional membrane-like assemblies at pH 3.4, both species displaying spectral features of H-aggregates. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the coupling of Cy5 moieties promotes the formation of both ultrastructures, whereas the protonation states of acidic and basic amino acid side chains dictates their ultimate three-dimensional organization.
Additional file 2 of Long term tailored implementation of structured “TREAT” journal clubs in allied health: a hybrid effectiveness-implementation study
Creators: name: Wenke, Rachel
name: Wiseman, Jodie
name: Brandenburg, Caitlin
name: Stehlik, Paulina
name: Hughes, Ian
name: Richards, Katherine
name: Mickan, Sharon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2.