cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Jaloliddin Rumiyning islom dini tafakkuriga qo'shgan hissasi va  "Ichindagi ichindadur" asari haqida
Creators: name: Anorov Rasulberdi, Toshkent axborot texnologiyalari  universiteti Samarqand filiali AX23-08 guruh talabasi
name: Ilmiy rahbar: X.U.Samatov
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu  maqolada  Jaloliddin  Rumiyning  hayot  yōllari  ,  islom dini  tafakkuriga  qo'shgan  hissalari  va  "Ichindagi  ichindadur"  asari  haqidagi ma'lumotlar bayon etilgan
The Palindrome Network for Fault-Tolerant Interconnection
Creators: name: Lu, Mi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 100503 Computer Communications Networks
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A new interconnection network composed of 3 x 3 switching elements is proposed in this paper. This new network is called Palindrome interconnection network (PIN) with hardware complexity identical to its counterparts. Compared with its counterparts, our proposed network is fault-tolerant, as totally disjoint paths exist an the network between any source/destination pair. In addition, for a given routing tag in the PIN, all the other equivalent tags which correspond to the same source/destination pair, can be derived easily. Computing an equivalent routing tag from a given routing tag requires the change of two bits of routing tag, irrespective of the network size, suggesting that rerouting logics can be incorporated into the constituent switching element comfortably without compromising performance. The proposed network exhibits higher terminal reliability than its counterparts.
Industrial scale large eddy simulations (LES) with adaptive octree meshes using immersogeometric analysis
Creators: name: Saurabh, Kumar
name: Gao, Boshun
name: Fernando, Milinda
name: Xu, Songzhe
name: Khanwale, Makrand A.
name: Khara, Biswajit
name: Hsu, Ming-Chen
name: Krishnamurthy, Adarsh
name: Sundar, Hari
name: Ganapathysubramanian, Baskar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a variant of the immersed boundary method integrated with octree meshes for highly efficient and accurate Large-Eddy Simulations (LES) of flows around complex geometries. We demonstrate the scalability of the proposed method up to $\mathcal{O}(32K)$ processors. This is achieved by (a) rapid in-out tests; (b) adaptive quadrature for an accurate evaluation of forces; (c) tensorized evaluation during matrix assembly. We showcase this method on two non-trivial applications: accurately computing the drag coefficient of a sphere across Reynolds numbers $1-10^6$ encompassing the drag crisis regime; simulating flow features across a semi-truck for investigating the effect of platooning on efficiency.
description: Accepted for publication at Computer and Mathematics with Applications
ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКИЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ МОРДОВИЯ С ПОЗИЦИИ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
Creators: name: ФЕДОНИНА О.В.
Publisher: name: Контентус
Year: 2020
Subjects: ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ РЕГИОНА
ФАКТОРЫ И УГРОЗЫ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКИЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ
ВАЛОВОЙ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ПРОДУКТ
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ
ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ
ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE REGION
FACTORS AND THREATS OF ECONOMIC SECURITY
HUMAN POTENTIAL
GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT
EDUCATION
HEALTH CARE

description: В данной статье рассмотрены основные факторы, выделены угрозы, которые препятствуют развитию человеческого потенциала в Республике Мордовия, на основе приведённых данных сделан вывод об остроте кризисной ситуации. Предложены ряд направлений способствующих снижению угроз экономической безопасности и повышению уровня развития человеческого потенциала в Республике Мордовия.
On dualities of paired quantum Hall bilayer states at $ν_T = \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}$
Creators: name: Rüegg, Luca
name: Chaudhary, Gaurav
name: Slager, Robert-Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density-balanced, widely separated quantum Hall bilayers at $ν_T = 1$ can be described as two copies of composite Fermi liquids (CFLs). The two CFLs have interlayer weak-coupling BCS instabilities mediated by gauge fluctuations, the resulting pairing symmetry of which depends on the CFL hypothesis used. If both layers are described by the conventional Halperin-Lee-Read (HLR) theory-based composite electron liquid (CEL), the dominant pairing instability is in the $p+ip$ channel; whereas if one layer is described by CEL and the other by a composite hole liquid (CHL, in the sense of anti-HLR), the dominant pairing instability occurs in the $s$-wave channel. Using the Dirac composite fermion (CF) picture, we show that these two pairing channels can be mapped onto each other by particle-hole (PH) transformation. Furthermore, we derive the CHL theory as the non-relativistic limit of the PH-transformed massive Dirac CF theory. Finally, we prove that an effective topological field theory for the paired CEL-CHL in the weak-coupling limit is equivalent to the exciton condensate phase in the strong-coupling limit.
description: 6+7 pages; 1+5 figures
Le pourquoi et le comment de la science ouverte
Creators: name: Hinsen, Konrad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: science ouverte, accès ouvert, données scientifiques, logiciels, publication

description: Seminaire au Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire à Orléans, le 17 décembre 2021 Résumé: La science ouverte est une nouvelle vertu que nous sommes tous censés adopter. Nous devrions élaborer des plans de gestion des données, préenregistrer les études que nous prévoyons, publier nos données et notre code, et faire en sorte que tout soit reproductible. Cela implique beaucoup de travail et requiert de nouvelles compétences. J'essaierai de fournir à la fois la motivation et des informations pratiques pour faire les premiers pas vers la science ouverte.
PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY OF SMALL AND LARGE FARMS IN MOLDOVA
Creators: name: Lerman, Zvi
name: Sutton, William R.
name: Lerman, Zvi
name: Sutton, William R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: family farms
subject: corporate farms
subject: comparative performance
subject: technical efficiency
subject: total factor productivity
subject: agrarian reforms
subject: transition countries

description: The paper presents a comparative analysis of the productivity of small and large farms in Moldova based primarily on cross-section data from three farm surveys conducted by the World Bank and USAID in 2000 and 2003. The survey data are supplemented where feasible with time series from official national-level statistics. We calculate partial land and labor productivity, total factor productivity, and technical efficiency scores (using Stochastic Frontier and Data Envelopment Analysis algorithms) for the two categories of small individual farms and large corporate farms. Our results demonstrate with considerable confidence that small individual farms in Moldova are more productive and more efficient than large corporate farms. This finding is not restricted to Moldova, as a similar result has been obtained by other authors in Russia (2005) and in the U.S. (2002), where a recent study has found that an increase of farm size reduces, rather than increases, agricultural productivity. Policies encouraging a shift from large corporate farms to smaller individual farms, rather than the reverse, can be expected to produce beneficial results for Moldovan agriculture and the economy in general. The government of Moldova should abandon its inherited preference for large-scale corporate farms and concentrate on policies to improve the operating conditions for small individual farms. At the very least, the government should ensure a level playing field for farms of all sizes and organizational forms, and desist from biasing its policies in favor of large farms.
ASSESSING THE RESPONSE OF FARM HOUSEHOLDS TO DAIRY POLICY REFORM IN ISRAEL
Creators: name: Kimhi, Ayal
name: Rubin, Ofir D.
name: Kimhi, Ayal
name: Rubin, Ofir D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: milk policy reform
subject: technology adoption
subject: intergenerational succession

description: After nearly fifty years of stability and stagnation of dairy market regulations in Israel, a dramatic policy reform has been enacted in 1999. The reform enabled farm households, for the first time, to trade production quotas. In addition, the reform signaled to farmers that milk prices will gradually go down in real terms, and therefore only producers who expand and become more efficient will prevail. The reform allowed for generous financial support for investment in expansion, but also required the adoption of environmental regulations which could be costly to many farm families. This paper uses data from a census of small family-operated dairy enterprises that was conducted in 2001, in order to analyze the response of farm households to the reform. The results imply that the reform was particularly attractive for already strong producers. Weaker producers are less attracted by the reform and will likely fade away by default in the long run. Another finding is that intergenerational succession is an important element of decision making of milk producers. Hence, the response of farm households to changes in the economic environment cannot be disentangled from the occupational decisions of their offspring. These findings imply that the desired structural change in the family-farm milk production sector will take much longer than expected, essentially as long as the current generation of producers is around. This requires, perhaps, an extension of the reform period or a change in incentives in favor of the smaller and older producers.
Self-consistent iterative solution of the exchange-only OEP equations for simple metal clusters in jellium model
Creators: name: Payami, M.
name: Mahmoodi, Tahereh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, employing the exchange-only orbital-dependent functional, we have obtained the optimized effective potential using the simple iterative method proposed by Kümmel and Perdew [S. Kümmel and J. P. Perdew, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 90}, 43004-1 (2003)]. Using this method, we have solved the self-consistent Kohn-Sham equations for closed-shell simple metal clusters of Al, Li, Na, K, and Cs in the context of jellium model. The results are in good agreement with those obtained by the different method of Engel and Vosko [E. Engel and S. H. Vosko, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 50}, 10498 (1994)].
description: RevTex, 6 pages, 5 eps figures. To appear in Journal of Physics:Condensed Matter (2005)
Stability analysis on charged black hole with non-linear complex scalar
Creators: name: Mai, Zhan-Feng
name: Yang, Run-Qiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been shown recently that the charged black hole can be scalarized if Maxwell field minimally couples with a complex scalar which has nonnegative nonlinear potential. We firstly prove that such scalarization cannot be a result of continuous phase transition for general scalar potential. Furthermore, we numerically find that it is possible that the RN black hole will be scalarized by a first order phase transition spontaneously and extreme RN black hole is not stable in micro-canonical ensemble. In addition, considering a massless scalar perturbation, we compute the quasi-normal modes of the scalarized charged black hole and the results imply that the spontaneously scalarized charged black hole is not only favored in thermodynamics but also is kinetically stable against scalar perturbation at linear level. Our numerical results also definitely gives negative answer to Penrose-Gibbons conjecture and two new versions of Penrose inequality in charged case are suggested.
description: prd published. 34 pages,12 figures
ENDOGENOUS RECOMBINANT GROWTH
Creators: name: Tsur, Yacov
name: Zemel, Amos
name: Tsur, Yacov
name: Zemel, Amos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: knowledge generation
subject: combined ideas
subject: endogenous R&D
subject: balanced growth

description: We extend Weitzman's (1998) recombinant growth framework to include endogenous R&D decisions. The analysis is carried out in the (knowledge-capital) state space by means of two characteristic curves: one is identified as a turnpike along which growing economies evolve; the other attracts stagnating economies. Sustained growth depends on a condition relating the slopes of the characteristic curves as well as on a minimal endowment requirement. A growing economy reaches the turnpike at a most rapid R&D rate and evolves along it thereafter. In the long run, the rate of growth and the income shares devoted to R&D, saving and consumption approach constant values that depend on the asymptotic characteristic slopes.
Critical behavior and Griffiths effects in the disordered contact process
Creators: name: Vojta, Thomas
name: Dickison, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonequilibrium phase transition in the one-dimensional contact process with quenched spatial disorder by means of large-scale Monte-Carlo simulations for times up to $10^9$ and system sizes up to $10^7$ sites. In agreement with recent predictions of an infinite-randomness fixed point, our simulations demonstrate activated (exponential) dynamical scaling at the critical point. The critical behavior turns out to be universal, even for weak disorder. However, the approach to this asymptotic behavior is extremely slow, with crossover times of the order of $10^4$ or larger. In the Griffiths region between the clean and the dirty critical points, we find power-law dynamical behavior with continuously varying exponents. We discuss the generality of our findings and relate them to a broader theory of rare region effects at phase transitions with quenched disorder.
description: 10 pages, 8 eps figures, final version as published
Integro-differential diffusion equations on graded Lie groups
Creators: name: Restrepo, Joel E.
name: Ruzhansky, Michael
name: Torebek, Berikbol T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We first study the existence, uniqueness and well-posedness of a general class of integro-differential diffusion equation on $L^p(\mathbb{G})$ $(1
description: 20 pages
МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ ПРАВО КАК ОТРАСЛЬ ПРАВА: ПОНЯТИЕ, ПРЕДМЕТ, СТРУКТУРА
Creators: name: ВАСЬКИН А.Ф.
Publisher: name: Контентус
Year: 2020
Subjects: ЭКОНОМИКА
МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ ПРАВО
ОТРАСЛЬ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО ПРАВА
ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРИНЦИПЫ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО ПРАВА
ЦИВИЛИСТИЧЕСКАЯ КОНЦЕПЦИЯ
МЕЖДУНАРОДНО-ПРАВОВАЯ КОНЦЕПЦИЯ
ПОЛИСИСТЕМНЫЙ КОМПЛЕКС
ECONOMICS
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC LAW
BRANCH OF INTERNATIONAL LAW
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW
CIVIL LAW CONCEPT
INTERNATIONAL LEGAL CONCEPT
POLYSYSTEM COMPLEX

description: Нормы, образующие международное экономическое право как отрасль международного права, существуют как особый монолит, в котором они при относительной обособленности тесно связаны друг с другом. Не теряя системного единства, данные нормы взаимодействуют с другими элементами международного права - его отраслями и институтами, а также с национальным правом. Однако, статус международного экономического права оценивается сегодня неоднозначно. В рамках настоящей статьи мы попытаемся осмыслить его, что будет способствовать уточнению характера соотношения международного экономического права и национального законодательства.
title: Роль трансфера германских технологий в развитии советского дизелестроения в 1920—1930-х гг. (на материалах завода «Русский Дизель»)
Creators: name: Ганин, Максим
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2021

description: В 1920—1930-х гг. перед советским государством стояла задача создать мощный торговый и военный флот. При этом полноценная реализация амбициозной программы судостроения была невозможна без постройки собственных дизельных двигателей современных конструкций. Это обстоятельство предопределило начало активной работы по развитию отечественного дизелестроения. Один из основных центров дизелестроения было решено создать на базе бывшего механического завода «Людвиг Нобель» (с 1919 г. — «Русский Дизель»). Данное предприятие уже имело опыт постройки таких двигателей. Однако несовершенство имеющейся промышленной базы, нехватка квалифицированных кадров, общее технологическое отставание — все это требовало привлечения зарубежной технической помощи. Одной из стран, готовых к сотрудничеству и обладающих технической возможностью оказать необходимое содействие, в то время была Германия. В настоящей статье предпринята попытка рассмотреть предпосылки сотрудничества завода «Русский дизель» с германскими фирмами и частными лицами, выявить ключевые направления данного сотрудничества и их специфику на различных этапах, а также оценить влияние этого сотрудничества на становление и развитие советского дизелестроения.
ОСНОВАНИЯ И ПОРЯДОК ВСТУПЛЕНИЯ АДВОКАТА В УГОЛОВНОЕ ДЕЛО В КАЧЕСТВЕ ЗАЩИТНИКА
Creators: name: КАЛИНКИНА А.А.
Publisher: name: Контентус
Year: 2020
Subjects: АДВОКАТ
ЗАЩИТНИК
УГОЛОВНОЕ ДЕЛО
УГОЛОВНЫЙ ПРОЦЕСС
УДОСТОВЕРЕНИЕ
ОРДЕР
ОБЯЗАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧАСТИЕ
ОТКАЗ ОТ ЗАЩИТНИКА
LAWYER
DEFENSE COUNSEL
CRIMINAL CASE
CRIMINAL TRIAL
CERTIFICATE
WARRANT
MANDATORY PARTICIPATION
REFUSAL OF DEFENSE COUNSEL

description: Одним из наиболее эффективных механизмов правовой защиты в современном уголовном процессе является институт адвокатуры. Именно адвокат осуществляет защиту прав и законных интересов подозреваемого, обвиняемого (на предварительном расследовании), а также подсудимого и иных, вовлеченных в сферу действия уголовно-процессуального законодательства субъектов (на следующих стадиях). Для осуществления правозащитной функции адвокат наделен особым правовым статусом. В рамках настоящей статьи определяются основания и порядок вступления адвоката в дело, в связи с которыми реализуются статусные полномочия адвоката
DEATH (MACHINES) AND TAXES
Creators: name: Lipow, Jonathan
name: Plessner, Yakir
name: Lipow, Jonathan
name: Plessner, Yakir
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: Defense procurement
subject: Weapon quality
subject: Tax smoothing

description: In the defense policy literature, it is widely believed that there is a pronounced bias towards the procurement of a less than optimal number of excessively sophisticated weapons. In this paper, we consider the possibility that this perceived bias is the result of the timing and informational structure of defense procurement decisions, and the inter-relationship of this structure with overall fiscal policy. Specifically, this paper presents a model that suggests that tax smoothing considerations of the type first articulated in Barro (1979) could lead social welfare maximizing decision makers to choose a higher level of weapon quality than would be optimal if government revenue could be raised without resort to distortionary taxation.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВА И ПРАВОПРИМЕНИТЕЛЬНОЙ ПРАКТИКИ В СФЕРЕ АДМИНИСТРАТИВНОЙ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТИ
Creators: name: КЛИМОВ С.А.
Publisher: name: Контентус
Year: 2020
Subjects: АДМИНИСТРАТИВНАЯ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬ
АДМИНИСТРАТИВНОЕ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВО
ПРАВОПРИМЕНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ПРАКТИКА
ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ
ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ
ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITY
ADMINISTRATIVE LEGISLATION
LAW ENFORCEMENT PRACTICE
THEORETICAL PROBLEMS
PRACTICAL PROBLEMS
REGULATORY PERSPECTIVES

description: В правовом регулировании административной ответственности, являющейся средством превенции преступности, широко используемым в современном правовом регулировании, имеется ряд нестыковок. Они имеют как теоретический, так и практический характер, зависят при этом от того, насколько меняется механизм государственного управления в сфере общественного порядка и общественной безопасности. Для совершенствования данного механизма необходимо изучать не отдельно взятые проблемы понимания и применения административной ответственности и ее мер, а проводить комплексные исследования в данной области. Определить их вектор мы попытаемся в рамках настоящей статьи.
Measuring the Price Volatility of Certain Field Crops in South Africa using the ARCH/GARCH Approach
Creators: name: Jordaan, Henry
name: Grove, Bennie
name: Jooste, Andre
name: Alemu, A.G.
name: Jordaan, Henry
name: Grove, Bennie
name: Jooste, Andre
name: Alemu, A.G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Price volatility
subject: field crops
subject: SAFEX
subject: time series analysis
subject: ARCH/GARCH

description: The conditional volatility in the daily spot prices of the crops traded on the South African Futures Exchange (yellow maize, white maize, wheat, sunflower seed and soybeans) is determined. The volatility in the prices of white maize, yellow maize and sunflower seed have been found to vary over time, suggesting the use of the GARCH approach in these cases. Using the GARCH approach, the conditional standard deviation is the measure of volatility, and distinguishes between the predictable and unpredictable elements in the price process. This leaves only the stochastic component and is hence a more accurate measure of the actual risk associated with the price of the crop. The volatility in the prices of wheat and soybeans was found to be constant over time; hence the standard error of the ARIMA process was used as the measure of volatility in the prices of these two crops. When comparing the medians of the conditional standard deviations in the prices of white maize, yellow maize and sunflower seed to the constant volatilities of wheat and soybeans, the price of white maize was found to be the most volatile, followed by yellow maize, sunflower seed, soybeans, and wheat respectively. These results suggest that the more risk-averse farmers will more likely produce wheat, sunflower seed and to a lesser extent soybeans, while maize producers are expected to utilise forward pricing methods, especially put options, at a high level to manage the higher volatility.
The concerns of postpartum women who have experienced a high-risk pregnancy
Creators: name: Ebbehoj, Catherine Anne Johnson
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This quantitative study used an exploratory, descriptive, comparative design to examine and describe postpartum concerns during the first two weeks following delivery of women who have experienced high-risk pregnancies. The association of demographic and perinatal factors with postpartum concerns was also examined. The convenience sample of 73 women included 46 primiparas and 27 multiparas who completed and returned, via mail, the Maternal Concerns Questionnaire (MCQ) (Sheil, et al., 1995) and a participant information sheet between 10 and 14 days postpartum. The MCQ consists of 50 items grouped into five concern subscales: mother, infant, partner, family and community. Findings revealed that most women had low to moderate levels of concern. From greatest to least, the concerns related to the baby, mother, family, partner and community. The primiparas' overall concerns were of greater intensity than those of the multiparas, and the types of concern differed between the two subgroups: the primiparas focused on the infant and themselves and the multiparas centered on the family and themselves. Younger women had more partner concerns than those over 38 years of age. Women whose infants were born before 38 weeks of pregnancy had greater intensity of concerns about the infant than those whose infants were born after 38 weeks. As the infant's birth weight increased, the mother's level of concern about the infant decreased. Women who breastfed had less intensity of concerns about their infants than those who used a combination of feeding methods. These study findings will assist health care professionals in hospital and community to provide individualized postpartum care to women who have experienced a high-risk pregnancy.
The deregulation of agricultural markets in South Africa and New Zealand: a comparison
Creators: name: Sandrey, Ronald A.
name: Vink, Nick
name: Sandrey, Ronald A.
name: Vink, Nick
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Agricultural marketing
subject: marketing reform
subject: trade liberalisation

description: Reforms of agricultural marketing structures have been a major feature of agriculture in New Zealand and South Africa over the past two decades. The reforms in New Zealand varied, and were often measured and considered, with export control either officially or de facto existing in some sectors while others were cut adrift very quickly. Not surprisingly, the results have been mixed. In South Africa all controls were effectively cut adrift, and the jury is still out on the results. A feature of the New Zealand experience has been the adoption of new technologies and even new farming sectors. Productivity showed a distinctive break at 1984, the year of the reforms; up to that date an average of 1.5 percent, past that date an average of 2.5 percent. A similar analysis of productivity in South Africa shows that increases seem to be the result of labour shedding only. The results do not bode well for South African agriculture. The sector is hamstrung by poor physical resources; hardly benefited from the Agreement on Agriculture; seems to be hampered by a lack of innovativeness; and has to contend with the transformation of the sector. Reasons for optimism include the fact that the sector as a whole has benefited from deregulation of agricultural markets, and the prospect that new entrants will bring a new sense of innovation into the industry.
Canonical variational completion and 4D Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Creators: name: Hohmann, Manuel
name: Pfeifer, Christian
name: Voicu, Nicoleta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58A20, 53Z05

description: Recently, a proposal to obtain a finite contribution of second derivative order to the gravitational field equations in \(D = 4\) dimensions from a renormalized Gauss-Bonnet term in the action has received a wave of attention. It triggered a discussion whether the employed renormalization procedure yields a well-defined theory. One of the main criticisms is based on the fact that the resulting field equations cannot be obtained as the Euler-Lagrange equations from a diffeomorphism invariant action. In this work, we use techniques from the inverse calculus of variations to point out that the renormalized truncated Gauss-Bonnet equations cannot be obtained from any action at all (either diffeomorphism invariant or not), in any dimension. Then, we employ canonical variational completion, based on the notion of Vainberg-Tonti Lagrangian - which consists in adding a canonically defined correction term to a given system of equations, so as to make them derivable from an action. To apply this technique to the suggested $4$D renormalized Gauss-Bonnet equations, we extend the variational completion algorithm to some classes of PDE systems for which the usual integral providing the Vainberg-Tonti Lagrangian diverges. We discover that in $D>4$ the suggested field equations can be variationally completed, choosing either the metric or its inverse as field variables; both approaches yield consistently the same Lagrangian, whose variation leads to fourth order field equations. In $D=4$, the Lagrangian of the variationally completed theory diverges in both cases.
description: 16 pages
Efficient construction of the Feynman-Vernon influence functional as matrix product states
Creators: name: Guo, Chu
name: Chen, Ruofan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time-evolving matrix product operator (TEMPO) method has become a very competitive numerical method for studying the real-time dynamics of quantum impurity problems. For small impurities, the most challenging calculation in TEMPO is to construct the matrix product state representation of the Feynman-Vernon influence functional. In this work we propose an efficient method for this task, which exploits the time-translationally invariant property of the influence functional. The required number of matrix product state multiplication in our method is almost independent of the total evolution time, as compared to the method originally used in TEMPO which requires a linearly scaling number of multiplications. The accuracy and efficiency of this method are demonstrated for the Toulouse model and the single impurity Anderson model.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Probing the effects of primordial black holes on 21-cm EDGES signal along with interacting dark energy and dark matter - baryon scattering
Creators: name: Halder, Ashadul
name: Pandey, Madhurima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 21-cm radio signal has emerged as an important probe in investigating the dark age of the Universe (recombination to reionization). In the current analysis, we explore the combined effects of primordial black holes (PBH), cooling off of the baryonic matter due to dark matter (DM) - baryon collisions and interaction of dark matter - dark energy (DE) fluid on the 21-cm brightness temperature. The variation of brightness temperature shows remarkable dependence on DM mass ($m_χ$) and the dark matter - baryon scattering cross-section ($σ_0$). Bounds in $m_χ$ - $σ_0$ parameter space are obtained for different possible PBH masses and for different interacting dark energy (IDE) models. These bounds are estimated based on the observed excess ($-500^{+200}_{-500}$ mK) of 21-cm brightness temperature by EDGES experiment. Eventually, bounds on PBH mass is also obtained for different values of dark matter mass and for different IDE model coupling parameters. The compatibility of the constraints of the IDE models, in the estimated bounds are also addressed.
description: 21 LaTeX Pages, 7 Figures
Triple Higgs boson production at the ILC within a generic Two-Higgs-Doublet Model
Creators: name: Ferrera, Giancarlo
name: Guasch, Jaume
name: Lopez-Val, David
name: Sola, Joan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of triple Higgs boson (3H) production at the International Linear Collider (ILC) within the general Two-Higgs-Doublet Model (2HDM). We compute the production cross-sections at the leading-order for the 3H final states and find values up to sigma ~ 0.1 pb. This result represents a large enhancement with respect to the corresponding MSSM cross-sections, which stay typically at the level of sigma ~ 10^(-6) pb or less. Furthermore, since the 3H cross-sections in the general 2HDM can be of the order of the double Higgs production cross-sections, such 3H processes could be a competitive (if not the dominant) mechanism for Higgs boson production at the ILC. In practice, these 3H events could be identified through the tagging of 6 heavy-quark jet final states and, in this case, they would provide strong evidence of an extended Higgs boson sector -- likely of non-supersymmetric nature.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure. To appear in the proceedings of the "8th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections (RADCOR 2007)", October 1-5 2007, Florence, Italy
ИСТОРИЯ СОЗДАНИЯ ЕВРАЗИЙСКОГО ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО СОЮЗА, ЕГО ОСНОВНЫЕ ЗАДАЧИ И ИНСТИТУТЫ
Creators: name: КОНДРАШОВА О.Ю.
Publisher: name: Контентус
Year: 2020
Subjects: ЕВРАЗИЙСКИЙ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ СОЮЗ
ИСТОРИЯ ЕВРАЗИЙСКОЙ ИНТЕГРАЦИИ
ЕВРАЗИЙСКОЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ ПРОСТРАНСТВО
ЭТАПЫ ЕВРАЗИЙСКОЙ ИНТЕГРАЦИИ
ДОГОВОР О ЕАЭС
EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION
HISTORY OF EURASIAN INTEGRATION
EURASIAN ECONOMIC SPACE
STAGES OF EURASIAN INTEGRATION
TREATY ON THE EEU

description: ЕАЭС имеет свою историю. Отследить их достаточно сложно, но для понимания многих процессов в сфере экономической межгосударственной интеграции, сделать это крайне необходимо. Только с учетом исторических моментов можно проанализировать многие происходящие в данном надгосударственном объединении не только экономические, но и политико-правовые процессы. В рамках настоящей статьи определяются этапы и цели создания ЕАЭС.
title: Особенности согласования ремонтно-строительных работ в Гатчине в конце XIX — начале XX веков
Creators: name: Ефимов, Андрей
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2021

description: Статья посвящена одному из малоизученных вопросов истории Гатчины в период ее пребывания в статусе дворцового города, а именно проблемам выдачи разрешений городским обывателям на производство ремонтно-строительных работ. Автор особо отмечает, что дворцовые города стояли особняком среди всех населенных пунктов Российской империи как находившиеся вне общей системы государственного и местного управления и подчинявшиеся Министерству императорского двора. В статье отмечается, что процедура выдачи разрешений могла носить формальный характер, когда первым делом проверяли документы, и только по правильным подготовленным бумагам проводили рассмотрение по существу. При этом после выдачи разрешений надзор за реализацией проектов часто отсутствовал, что давало возможность отступать от проекта и даже строить вовсе незапланированное и незаконное. Автор также отмечает, что зачастую согласование возведения нового сопровождалось указанием на слом чего-либо уже существующего без объяснения причин сноса и четкой логики в определении сносимого. Однако в статье приводится и пример того, что в ряде случаев чиновники Дворцового правления действительно ратовали за безопасность и благопристойность, в первую очередь, в противопожарном отношении, побуждая жителей использовать пожаробезопасные материалы.
Enigmatic factor of 4/3 in electromagnetic momentum of a moving spherical capacitor
Creators: name: Singal, Ashok K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electromagnetic energy-momentum of a moving charged spherical capacitor may be calculated by a 4-vector Lorentz transformation from the energy in the rest frame. However, energy-momentum of the moving system computed directly from electromagnetic fields yields extra terms; in particular a factor of 4/3 in momentum appears, similar to that encountered in the classical electron model, where this enigmatic factor has been a source of scourge for more than a century. There have been many attempts to eliminate this `unwanted' factor, noteworthy among them is a modification in electromagnetic field energy-momentum definition that has entered even standard textbooks. Here it is shown that in a moving charged spherical capacitor, some additional contributions to the electromagnetic energy-momentum arise naturally from electromagnetic forces in system or equivalently from terms in the Maxwell stress tensor; contributions that do not otherwise show up in 4-vector transformations. Furthermore, a similar factor of 4/3 in the momentum of a perfect fluid comprising a randomly moving ultra-relativistic gas molecules or an isotropic photon gas, filling an {\em uncharged} spherical capacitor in motion, appears owing to the contribution of pressure. Thus, genesis of the "enigmatic" factor of 4/3 can be traced to pressure or stress whose presence in the system may be of non-electromagnetic origin and where the proposed modifications in energy-momentum definition do not even come into picture. No modifications in the definitions of energy-momentum of moving fluids have ever been required; physics should be the same in electromagnetic case as well, implying there is nothing amiss in the standard definition of electromagnetic energy-momentum.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Taming the Runaway Problem of Inflationary Landscapes
Creators: name: Hall, Lawrence J.
name: Watari, Taizan
name: Yanagida, T. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A wide variety of vacua, and their cosmological realization, may provide an explanation for the apparently anthropic choices of some parameters of particle physics and cosmology. If the probability on various parameters is weighted by volume, a flat potential for slow-roll inflation is also naturally understood, since the flatter the potential the larger the volume of the sub-universe. However, such inflationary landscapes have a serious problem, predicting an environment that makes it exponentially hard for observers to exist and giving an exponentially small probability for a moderate universe like ours. A general solution to this problem is proposed, and is illustrated in the context of inflaton decay and leptogenesis, leading to an upper bound on the reheating temperature in our sub-universe. In a particular scenario of chaotic inflation and non-thermal leptogenesis, predictions can be made for the size of CP violating phases, the rate of neutrinoless double beta decay and, in the case of theories with gauge-mediated weak scale supersymmetry, for the fundamental scale of supersymmetry breaking.
description: 31 pages, including 3 figures
Towards more inclusive long-term bulk water resource management
Creators: name: De Lange, Willem J.
name: Kleynhans, Theo E.
name: De Lange, Willem J.
name: Kleynhans, Theo E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: water management
subject: decision-support
subject: public participation

description: Fresh water resources provide a platform for complex and often emotional issues to develop, particularly in resource scarcity situations. Bulk water infrastructure contains elements of a public good and proved vulnerable to failures in market and government driven allocation strategies. Common to both are uncaptured costs and benefits due to shortcomings in cost quantification techniques. Natural ecosystems stands to lose the most since ecosystem services are often not quantifiable in monetary terms and therefore neglected in allocation decision-making. This paper took on the challenge of expanding current decision-support in order to promote more inclusive long-term water management. A case-study approach with the focus on a choice related problem regarding different long-term bulk water resource management options was applied in the Western Cape province. The paper incorporated components of economic valuation theory, a public survey and a modified Delphi expert panel technique. Both spatial and temporal dimensions of the decision-making context were expanded. Two surveys were completed to accommodate these expansions. The first focused on public preference in water allocation management and the relative merit of accommodating public preference in highly specialised decision-making such as long-term water allocation decision-making. The second survey utilized a modified Delphi technique in which an expert panel indicated the relative merit of two alternative long-term allocation strategies. A willingness to pay for 'greener' water was observed and may be used to motivate a paradigm shift from management's perspective to consider, without fear of harming their own political position, 'greener' water supply options more seriously even if these options imply higher direct costs to public.
The Effect of Monetary Changes on Relative Agricultural Prices
Creators: name: Asjaha, T.A.
name: Jooste, Andre
name: Asjaha, T.A.
name: Jooste, Andre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Monetary Policy
subject: Error Correction Models
subject: Agricultural Prices
subject: Industrial Prices
subject: Money Neutrality

description: Relative change in agricultural prices determines farmers` investment decisions, productivity and income. Thus, understanding the factors that influence agricultural prices is fundamental for sustainable growth in this sector and the rest of the economy. This paper investigates the short- and long-run impacts of monetary policy changes on relative agricultural prices in South Africa by employing Johansen cointegration analysis and the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) respectively. The results of Johansen cointegration analysis reject the long-run money neutrality hypothesis which suggests that the rate of increase in prices is not unit proportional to the rate of increase in money supply. On the other hand, the results of the dynamic relationships provide evidence of agricultural prices being overshot. Therefore, when a monetary shock occurs, the agriculture sector will have to bear the burden of adjustment, increasing farmers financial vulnerability. Consumers also have to absorb short-run price volatility and overshooting of prices which in turn impacts on their ability to manage their cash flow optimally; this could be a substantial challenge in poor households. Due to the linkages between monetary policy variables and relative agricultural prices, it is recommended that agricultural policy makers and monetary authorities work closely in designing and implementing monetary policy in the country. This is important because monetary policies meant to stabilize the economy may have less desirable impacts on farmers and consumers, especially in the short run.
Dynamical quantum Cherenkov transition of fast impurities in quantum liquids
Creators: name: Seetharam, Kushal
name: Shchadilova, Yulia
name: Grusdt, Fabian
name: Zvonarev, Mikhail B.
name: Demler, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The challenge of understanding the dynamics of a mobile impurity in an interacting quantum many-body medium comes from the necessity of including entanglement between the impurity and excited states of the environment in a wide range of energy scales. In this paper, we investigate the motion of a finite mass impurity injected into a three-dimensional quantum Bose fluid as it starts shedding Bogoliubov excitations. We uncover a transition in the dynamics as the impurity's velocity crosses a critical value which depends on the strength of the interaction between the impurity and bosons as well as the impurity's recoil energy. We find that in injection experiments, the two regimes differ not only in the character of the impurity velocity abatement, but also exhibit qualitative differences in the Loschmidt echo, density ripples excited in the BEC, and momentum distribution of scattered bosonic particles. The transition is a manifestation of a dynamical quantum Cherenkov effect, and should be experimentally observable with ultracold atoms using Ramsey interferometry, RF spectroscopy, absorption imaging, and time-of-flight imaging.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures + 4 pages, 3 figures
On the Reionization of the Universe
Creators: name: Panagia, Nino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present first principle model calculations for the reionization of the Universe, which provide simple diagnostics to identify the reionization sources. Within this frame, I also discuss the results derived from the Hubble Ultra-Deep Field observations, and the possible need for future observations with JWST to provide the final answer.
description: [12 pages, 6 figures] Invited talk given at the Frascati Workshop 2005 "Multifrequency Behaviour of High Energy Cosmic Sources", eds. F. Giovannelli and Lola Sabau-Graziati; to appear in a special issue of the Chinese Journal of Astronomy & Astrophysics
ВОЗНИКНОВЕНИЕ И РАЗВИТИЕ ПОНЯТИЯ КОРРУПЦИИ
Creators: name: ИСАКОВА А.Ю.
name: ЛЕЗИНА Е.П.
Publisher: name: Контентус
Year: 2020
Subjects: КОРРУПЦИЯ
КОРРУПЦИЯ В РОССИИ
ПОНЯТИЕ КОРРУПЦИИ
ИСТОРИЯ КОРРУПЦИИ
ГОСУДАРСТВЕННАЯ ВЛАСТЬ
НОМЕНКЛАТУРА
CORRUPTION
CORRUPTION IN RUSSIA
CONCEPT OF CORRUPTION
HISTORY OF CORRUPTION
STATE POWER
NOMENCLATURE

description: В статье проведено историко-правовое исследование, возникновение и развитие коррупции от возникновения государства до современного этапа.
Distortions in farmer prices since 1950s: South Africa in international perspective
Creators: name: Anderson, Kym
name: De Nicola, Francesca
name: Jara, Esteban
name: Kurzweil, Marianne
name: Sandri, Damiano
name: Valenzuela, Ernesto
name: Anderson, Kym
name: De Nicola, Francesca
name: Jara, Esteban
name: Kurzweil, Marianne
name: Sandri, Damiano
name: Valenzuela, Ernesto
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Distorted incentives
subject: agricultural and trade policy reforms

description: For decades, earnings from farming in many low-income countries have been depressed by a pro-urban bias in own-country policies, as well as by governments of richer countries favoring their farmers with import barriers and subsidies. Both sets of policies reduce national and global economic growth. They also add to inequality and poverty in developing countries, since most of the world's billion poorest people depend on farming for their livelihood. Over the past two decades numerous developing country governments have reduced their sectoral and trade policy distortions, while some high-income countries also have begun reforming their protectionist policies. Drawing on results from a new multi-country research project, this paper examines the extent of South Africa's reforms relative to those of other temperate-zone Southern Hemisphere countries, of Northern Hemisphere rich countries, and of other developing countries. It concludes by pointing to the scope and prospects for further pro-poor policy reform at home and abroad.