cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Origin of high hardness and optoelectronic and thermo-physical properties of boron-rich compounds B6X (X = S, Se): a comprehensive study via DFT approach
Creators: name: Hossain, M. M.
name: Ali, M. A.
name: Uddin, M. M.
name: Islam, A. K. M. A.
name: Naqib, S. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present study, the structural and hitherto uninvestigated mechanical (elastic stiffness constants, machinability index, Cauchy pressure, anisotropy indices, brittleness/ductility, Poissons ratio), electronic, optical, and thermodynamic properties of novel boron-rich compounds B6X (X = S, Se) have been explored using density functional theory. The estimated structural lattice parameters were consistent with the prior report. The mechanical and dynamical stability of these compounds have been established theoretically. The materials are brittle in nature and elastically anisotropic. The value of fracture toughness, KIC for the B6S and B6Se are ~ 2.07 MPam0.5, evaluating the resistance to limit the crack propagation inside the materials. Both B6S and B6Se compounds possess high hardness values in the range 31-35 GPa, and have the potential to be prominent members of the class of hard compounds. Strong covalent bonding and sharp peak at low energy below the Fermi level confirmed by partial density of states (PDOS) resulted in the high hardness. The profile of band structure, as well as DOS, assesses the indirect semiconducting nature of the titled compounds. The comparatively high value of Debye temperature (ΘD), minimum thermal conductivity (Kmin), lattice thermal conductivity (kph), low thermal expansion coefficient, and low density suggest that both boron-rich chalcogenides might be used as thermal management materials. Large absorption capacities in the mid ultraviolet region (3.2-15 eV) of the studied materials and low reflectivity (~16 %) are significantly noted. Such favorable features give promise to the compounds under investigation to be used in UV surface-disinfection devices as well as medical sterilizer equipment applications. Excellent correlations are found among all the studied physical properties of these compounds.
description: 35 pages, 12 figures, 8 Tables (will be submitted for publication in reputed journal)
Phase synchronization in tilted deterministic ratchets
Creators: name: Alatriste, Fernando R.
name: Mateos, José L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study phase synchronization for a ratchet system. We consider the deterministic dynamics of a particle in a tilted ratchet potential with an external periodic forcing, in the overdamped case. The ratchet potential has to be tilted in order to obtain a rotator or self-sustained nonlinear oscillator in the absence of external periodic forcing. This oscillator has an intrinsic frequency that can be entrained with the frequency of the external driving. We introduced a linear phase through a set of discrete time events and the associated average frequency, and show that this frequency can be synchronized with the frequency of the external driving. In this way, we can properly characterize the phenomenon of synchronization through Arnold tongues, which represent regions of synchronization in parameter space, and discuss their implications for transport in ratchets.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, Physica A, in press
Víbora hocicuda – Vipera latastei Boscá, 1878
Creators: name: Brito, José Carlos A. R.
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2017

description: Reptiles - Orden Squamata - Familia Viperidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 23-01-2004; 16-01-2006; 10-01-2007; 3-09-2008; 24-11-2009; 5-08-2011; 16-06-2015
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Lataste's viper Vipera latastei in Spain.
Theory of DNA translocation through narrow ion channels and nanopores with charged walls
Creators: name: Hu, Tao
name: Shklovskii, B. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Translocation of a single stranded DNA through genetically engineered $α$-hemolysin channels with positively charged walls is studied. It is predicted that transport properties of such channels are dramatically different from neutral wild type $α$-hemolysin channel. We assume that the wall charges compensate the fraction $x$ of the bare charge $q_{b}$ of the DNA piece residing in the channel. Our prediction are as follows (i) At small concentration of salt the blocked ion current decreases with $x$. (ii) The effective charge $q$ of DNA piece, which is very small at $x = 0$ (neutral channel) grows with $x$ and at $x=1$ reaches $q_{b}$. (iii) The rate of DNA capture by the channel exponentially grows with $x$. Our theory is also applicable to translocation of a double stranded DNA in narrow solid state nanopores with positively charged walls.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
Turbulent swirling flow in short cylindrical chambers
Creators: name: Riahi, Ardeshir
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The effects of aspect ratio (L/D) on the rate of decay of swirl in a cylindrical chamber were experimentally studied using the Laser-Doppler-Anemometry technique. Preliminary measurements revealed that water should be used as working fluid; the results pertaining to air were inferred from Reynolds number similarity. The steady-state measurements revealed that a solid body type of rotation can be generated by a disc whose surface has been uniformly roughened. The effect of aspect ratio on the rate of decay of such flow field was studied in three chambers with aspect ratios in the range of interest to engine combustion. Experimental results showed a faster decay rate in the shorter chamber (i.e. smaller aspect ratio). This was attributed to the stronger swirl driven secondary flow pattern in the shorter chamber. A mathematical model describing axi-symmetric, decaying, turbulent swirling flow inside a short cylindrical chamber was also developed. The model was numerically solved, using the control-volume analysis, to provide insight on swirl decay in engines. The model validation was based on experimental observations. Turbulence parameters were represented by a two-equation turbulence model, modified for streamline curvature effects. The ad-hoc curvature modification of the standard k-e model proposed by Launder et al. and the mixing energy model developed by Saffman-Wilcox-Traci (SWT) were used to account for curvature effects. The analysis of steady flow between two long concentric cylinders, established the superiority of the latter over the former method. The SWT model was also successfully used in reproducing previously published experimental results, pertaining to decaying swirling flow field (mean velocity and turbulence intensity) in a short cylinder. The calculated turbulence intensity profile revealed that swirl promotes anisotropic turbulence. The validated numerical model was used to predict the effect of aspect ratio on the rate of decay of the flow field observed by the experimental measurements in the present study. The overall prediction of decay rate was successful, leading to the conclusion that Wilcox and Chambers model can be used in predicting the behaviour of two-dimensional transient turbulent swirling flows.
Additional file 1 of Risk factors of asthma in the Asian population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Sio, Yang Yie
name: Chew, Fook Tim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figures S1–S33. Forest plots and funnel plots for random-effect meta-analysis of the different asthma risk factors.
Channel coupling effects in $ρ$-meson photoproduction
Creators: name: Usov, A.
name: Scholten, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate $ρ$-meson photoproduction in a coupled-channels formulation. It is shown that channel coupling effects are large and account for discrepancies observed in several single-channel treatments.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures; small textual corrections and notation changes
Passively Adaptive Radiative Switch for Thermoregulation in Buildings
Creators: name: Xiao, Charles
name: Liao, Bolin
name: Hawkes, Elliot W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the ever-growing need to reduce energy consumption, building materials that passively heat or cool are gaining importance. However, many buildings require both heating and cooling, even within the same day. To date, few technologies can automatically switch between passive heating and cooling, and those that can require a large temperature range to cycle states (>15o C), making them ineffective for daily switching. We present a passively adaptive radiative switch that leverages the expansion in phase-change energy storage materials to actuate the motion of louvers and can cycle states in less than 3o C. The black selective-absorber louvers induce high heat gain when closed, yet when open, expose a white, emissive surface for low heat gain. During an outdoor test in which temperature was held steady, our device reduced the energetic cost of cooling by 3.1x and heating by 2.6x compared to non-switching devices. Our concept opens the door for passively adaptive thermoregulating building materials.
description: 32 pages with supplementary information included
Additional file 2 of Risk factors of asthma in the Asian population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Sio, Yang Yie
name: Chew, Fook Tim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
ERRANT: Realistic Emulation of Radio Access Networks
Creators: name: Trevisan, Martino
name: Khatouni, Ali Safari
name: Giordano, Danilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mobile networks have become ubiquitous, but running experiments on them is expensive and hard, given their complexity and diversity. Emulation can be the solution, and, with ERRANT, we offer a realistic emulator of mobile networks based on a large measurement campaign on European Mobile Network Operators. It improves the current situation, where tools and emulators only implement pre-defined profiles, with built-in parameters, which are not supported with real measurements.
Trawöger, Sibylle: Ästhetik des Performativen und Kontemplation. Zur Relevanz eines kulturwissenschaftlichen Konzepts für die Systematische Theologie
Creators: name: Heidemann, Astrid
Publisher: name: Theologische Revue
Year: 2021

description: Theologische Revue, Bd. 117 (2021): Februar
Oscillatory multiband dynamics of free particles: The ubiquity of zitterbewegung effects
Creators: name: Winkler, R.
name: Zülicke, U.
name: Bolte, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Dirac theory for the motion of free relativistic electrons, highly oscillatory components appear in the time evolution of physical observables such as position, velocity, and spin angular momentum. This effect is known as zitterbewegung. We present a theoretical analysis of rather different Hamiltonians with gapped and/or spin-split energy spectrum (including the Rashba, Luttinger, and Kane Hamiltonians) that exhibit analogs of zitterbewegung as a common feature. We find that the amplitude of oscillations of the Heisenberg velocity operator v(t) generally equals the uncertainty for a simultaneous measurement of two linearly independent components of v. It is also shown that many features of zitterbewegung are shared by the simple and well-known Landau Hamiltonian describing the dynamics of two-dimensional (2D) electron systems in the presence of a magnetic field perpendicular to the plane. Finally, we also discuss the oscillatory dynamics of 2D electrons arising from the interplay of Rashba spin splitting and a perpendicular magnetic field.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, various minor clarifying changes (final version)
Browse, preserved tree fodder and nutrition - Pastoreio da forragem arbórea, sua conservação e nutrição
Creators: name: Whistance, Lindsay
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Browse; Protein; Minerals; Selective feeding; Learning; Silvopastoral systems.
pastorícia; proteína; minerais; alimentação seletiva; aprendizagem; sistemas silvopastoris

description: Tradução de folha informativa do projeto AFINET - No geral, o pastoreio da forragem arbórea fresca (i.e., o acesso a folhas frescas e pequenos ramos) ou conservada é nutricionalmente equivalente ou superior ao pastoreio em pastagem (i.e., herbáceas). As árvores são uma boa fonte de micronutrientes, sobretudo de minerais e de vitaminas. Quando o gado tem acesso a forragem arbórea opta, preferencialmente, por este tipo de alimentação. A pastorícia pode representar cerca de 12 a 55 % da alimentação de gado bovino, 20 a 76% da alimentação do ovino e 60 a 93 % da alimentação do caprino. Os caprinos têm tolerância a elevadas quantidade de forragem arbórea pois a sua saliva é capaz de se ligar aos taninos e o seu fígado é capaz de processá-los eficazmente. Embora o gado bovino esteja bem-adaptado a uma dieta de pastagem, a sua digestão também tolera forragem arbórea. Os bovinos conseguem alimentar-se até uma altura de 2 m e os ovinos até 1,2 m. Os caprinos, pela sua agilidade, não estão limitados na altura que conseguem alcançar.
Additional file 3 of Risk factors of asthma in the Asian population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Sio, Yang Yie
name: Chew, Fook Tim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Keywords used to perform literature search in three publication databases (Web of Science, Scopus, and Pubmed) to retrieve articles reporting asthma-associated risk factors in Asia.
A Robust nitridation technique for fabrication of disordered superconducting TiN thin films featuring phase slip events
Creators: name: Yadav, Sachin
name: Kaushik, Vinay
name: Saravanan, M. P.
name: Aloysius, R. P.
name: Ganesan, V.
name: Sahoo, Sangeeta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disorder induced phase slip (PS) events appearing in the current voltage characteristics (IVCs) are reported for two-dimensional TiN thin films produced by a robust substrate mediated nitridation technique. Here, high temperature annealing of Ti/Si3N4 based metal/substrate assembly is the key to produce majority phase TiN accompanied by TiSi2 and elemental Si as minority phases. The method itself introduces different level of disorder intrinsically by tuning the amount of the non-superconducting minority phases that are controlled by annealing temperature (Ta) and the film thickness. The superconducting critical temperature (Tc) strongly depends on Ta and the maximum Tc obtained from the demonstrated technique is about 4.8 K for the thickness range of about 12 nm and above. Besides, the dynamics of IVCs get modulated by the appearance of intermediated resistive steps for decreased Ta and the steps get more prominent for reduced thickness. Further, the deviation in the temperature dependent critical current (Ic) from the Ginzburg-Landau theoretical limit varies strongly with the thickness. Finally, the Tc, intermediate resistive steps in the IVCs and the depairing current are observed to alter in a similar fashion with Ta and the thickness indicating the robustness of the synthesis process to fabricate disordered nitride-based superconductor.
Dimension of asymptotic cones of Lie groups
Creators: name: de Cornulier, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E15 (Primary), 20F69, 22E25, 54F45 (Secondary)

description: We compute the covering dimension the asymptotic cone of a connected Lie group. For simply connected solvable Lie groups, this is the codimension of the exponential radical. As an application of the proof, we give a characterization of connected Lie groups that quasi-isometrically embed into a non-positively curved metric space.
description: 22 pages, 0 figure
Simulating the Software Development Lifecycle: The Waterfall Model
Creators: name: Saravanos, Antonios
name: Curinga, Matthew X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study employs a simulation-based approach, adapting the waterfall model, to provide estimates for software project and individual phase completion times. Additionally, it pinpoints potential efficiency issues stemming from suboptimal resource levels. We implement our software development lifecycle simulation using SimPy, a Python discrete-event simulation framework. Our model is executed within the context of a software house on 100 projects of varying sizes examining two scenarios. The first provides insight based on an initial set of resources, which reveals the presence of resource bottlenecks, particularly a shortage of programmers for the implementation phase. The second scenario uses a level of resources that would achieve zero-wait time, identified using a stepwise algorithm. The findings illustrate the advantage of using simulations as a safe and effective way to experiment and plan for software development projects. Such simulations allow those managing software development projects to make accurate, evidence-based projections as to phase and project completion times as well as explore the interplay with resources.
A 2D front-tracking Lagrangian model for the modeling of anisotropic grain growth
Creators: name: Florez, Sebastian
name: Fausty, Julien
name: Alvarado, Karen
name: Murgas, Brayan
name: Bernacki, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Grain growth is a well-known and complex phenomenon occurring during annealing of all polycrystalline materials. Its numerical modeling is a complex task when anisotropy sources such as grain orientation and grain boundary inclination have to be taken into account. This article presents the application of the front-tracking methodology ToRealMotion introduced in previous works, to the context of anisotropic grain boundary motion at the mesoscopic scale. The new formulation of boundary migration can take into account any source of anisotropy both at grain boundaries as well as at multiple junctions (MJs) (intersection point of three or more grain boundaries). Special attention is given to the decomposition of high-order MJs for which an algorithm is proposed based on local grain boundary energy minimisation. Numerical tests are provided using highly heterogeneous configurations, and comparisons with a recently developed Finite-Element Level-Set (FE-LS) approach are given. Finally, the computational performance of the model will be studied comparing the CPU-times obtained with the same model but in an isotropic context.
Chain metallicity and antiferro-paramagnetism competition in underdoped YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$: a first principles description
Creators: name: Filippetti, Alessio
name: Lopez, Giorgia M.
name: Mantega, Mauro
name: Fiorentini, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe from advanced first principles calculations the energetics of oxygen doping and its relation to insulator-metal transitions in underdoped YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$. We find a strong tendency of doping oxygens to order into non-magnetic Cu$^{1+}$O$_x$ chains at any $x$. Ordering produces one-dimensional metallic bands, while configurations with non-aligned oxygens are insulating. The Cu$^{2+}$O$_2$ planes remain insulating and antiferromagnetic up to a threshold between $x$=0.25 and 0.5, above which a paramagnetic normal-metal state prevails. The in-plane antiferro-paramagnetic competition depends on $x$, but only weakly on the ordering state of the chains.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Universal conductivity at a 2d superconductor-insulator transition: the effects of quenched disorder and Coulomb interaction
Creators: name: Lee, Chao-Jung
name: Mulligan, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the zero-temperature universal electrical conductivity at a superconductor-insulator transition in two spatial dimensions. We focus on transitions in the universality class of the dirty 3d XY model. We use a dual model consisting of a single Dirac fermion at zero density coupled to a Chern-Simons gauge field in the presence of a quenched random mass, with or without an unscreened Coulomb interaction. Our calculation is performed in a $1/N_f$ expansion, where $N_f$ is the number of Dirac fermions. At zeroth order, the model exhibits particle-vortex self-dual electrical transport with $σ_{xx} \lesssim (2e)^2/h$ and small, but finite $σ_{xy}$. Corrections of $\mathcal{O}(1/N_f)$ due to fluctuations in the Chern-Simons gauge field and disorder produce violations of self-duality. We find these violations to be milder when the Coulomb interaction is present.
description: 16 pages + three appendices, 8 figures
InP-based single-photon sources operating at telecom C-band with increased extraction efficiency
Creators: name: Musiał, A.
name: Mikulicz, M.
name: Mrowiński, P.
name: Zielińska, A.
name: Sitarek, P.
name: Wyborski, P.
name: Kuniej, M.
name: Reithmaier, J. P.
name: Sęk, G.
name: Benyoucef, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we demonstrate a triggered single-photon source operating at the telecom C-band with photon extraction efficiency exceeding any reported values in this range. The non-classical light emission with low probability of the multiphoton events is realized with single InAs quantum dots (QDs) grown by molecular beam epitaxy and embedded directly in an InP matrix. Low QD spatial density on the order of 5x108 cm-2 to ~2x109 cm-2 and symmetric shape of these nanostructures together with spectral range of emission makes them relevant for quantum communication applications. The engineering of extraction efficiency is realized by combining a bottom distributed Bragg reflector consisting of 25 pairs of InP/In0.53Ga0.37Al0.1As layers and cylindrical photonic confinement structures. Realization of such technologically non-demanding approach even in a non-deterministic fashion results in photon extraction efficiency of (13.3+/-2)% into 0.4 numerical aperture detection optics at approx. 1560 nm emission wavelength, i.e., close to the center of the telecom C-band.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Statistical bounds on the dynamical production of entanglement
Creators: name: Abreu, Romulo F.
name: Vallejos, Raul O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a random-matrix analysis of the entangling power of a unitary operator as a function of the number of times it is iterated. We consider unitaries belonging to the circular ensembles of random matrices (CUE or COE) applied to random (real or complex) non-entangled states. We verify numerically that the average entangling power is a monotonic decreasing function of time. The same behavior is observed for the "operator entanglement" --an alternative measure of the entangling strength of a unitary. On the analytical side we calculate the CUE operator entanglement and asymptotic values for the entangling power. We also provide a theoretical explanation of the time dependence in the CUE cases.
description: preprint format, 14 pages, 2 figures
Generation and control of extreme ultraviolet free-space optical skyrmions with high harmonic generation
Creators: name: Fang, Yiqi
name: Liu, Yunquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical skyrmion serves as a crucial interface between optics and topology. Recently, it has attracted great interest in linear optics. Here, we theoretically introduce a framework for the all-optical generation and control of freespace optical skyrmions in extreme ultraviolet regions via high harmonic generation. We show that by employing full Poincare beams, the created extreme ultraviolet fields manifest as skyrmionic structures in Stokes vector fields, whose skyrmion number is relevant to harmonic orders. We reveal that the generation of skyrmionics structure is attributed to spatial-resolved spin constraint of high harmonic generation. Through qualifying the geometrical parameters of full Poincaré beams, the topological texture of extreme ultraviolet fields can be completely manipulated, generating the Bloch-type, Neel-type, anti-type, and higher-order skyrmions, etc. This work promotes the investigation of topological optics in optical highly nonlinear processes, with potential applications towards ultrafast spintronics with structured light fields.
description: 17 Pages, 4 figures
Additional file 5 of Risk factors of asthma in the Asian population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Sio, Yang Yie
name: Chew, Fook Tim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Table S4. Reported publications on asthma-associated risk factors from countries, dependencies, or other territories within Asia (1993-2021).
MICADO: The Multi-Adaptive Optics Camera for Deep Observations
Creators: name: Davies, Richard
name: Hoermann, Veronika
name: Rabien, Sebastian
name: Sturm, Eckhard
name: Alves, Joao
name: Clenet, Yann
name: Kotilainen, Jari
name: Lang-Bardl, Florian
name: Nicklas, Harald
name: Pott, Joerg-Uwe
name: Tolstoy, Eline
name: Consortium, MICADO
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Multi-adaptive optics Imaging CamerA for Deep Observations (MICADO) will image a field of view of nearly 1 arcminute at the diffraction limit of the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT), making use of the adaptive optics correction provided by single-conjugate adaptive optics (SCAO) and multi-conjugate adaptive optics (MCAO). Its simple and robust design will yield an unprecedented combination of sensitivity and resolution across the field. This article outlines the characteristics of the observing modes offered and illustrates each of them with an astrophysical application. Potential users can explore their own ideas using the data simulator ScopeSim.
description: Published in the ESO Messenger, issue 182
Magnetic acceleration of relativistic AGN jets
Creators: name: Komissarov, S. S.
name: Barkov, M. V.
name: Vlahakis, N.
name: Konigl, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical simulations of axisymmetric, magnetically driven relativistic jets. To eliminate the dissipative effects induced by a free boundary with an ambient medium we assume that the flow is confined by a rigid wall of a prescribed shape, which we take to be $z\propto r^a$ (in cylindrical coordinates, with $a$ ranging from 1 to 3). The outflows are initially cold, sub-Alfvénic and Poynting flux-dominated, with a total--to--rest-mass energy flux ratio $μ\sim 15$. We find that in all cases they converge to a steady state characterized by a spatially extended acceleration region. The acceleration process is very efficient: on the outermost scale of the simulation as much as $\sim 77%$ of the Poynting flux has been converted into kinetic energy flux, and the terminal Lorentz factor approaches its maximum possible value ($Γ_\infty \simeq μ$). We also find a high collimation efficiency: all our simulated jets develop a cylindrical core. We argue that this could be the rule for current-carrying outflows that start with a low initial Lorentz factor ($Γ_0 \sim 1$). Our conclusions on the high acceleration and collimation efficiencies are not sensitive to the particular shape of the confining boundary or to the details of the injected current distribution, and they are qualitatively consistent with the semi-analytic self-similar solutions derived by Vlahakis & Königl. We apply our results to the interpretation of relativistic jets in AGNs: we argue that they naturally account for the spatially extended accelerations inferred in these sources ($Γ_\infty \ga 10$ attained on radial scales $R\ga 10^{17} {\rm cm}$) and are consistent with the transition to the matter-dominated regime occurring already at $R\ga 10^{16} {\rm cm}$.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Contains new results and additional discussion that addresses comments of referee and other contacts
Mathematical Theory of Computational Resolution Limit in Multi-dimensions
Creators: name: Liu, Ping
name: Zhang, Hai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Resolving a linear combination of point sources from their band-limited Fourier data is a fundamental problem in imaging and signal processing. With the incomplete Fourier data and the inevitable noise in the measurement, there is a fundamental limit on the separation distance between point sources that can be resolved. This is the so-called resolution limit problem. Characterization of this resolution limit is still a long-standing puzzle despite the prevalent use of the classic Rayleigh limit. It is well-known that Rayleigh limit is heuristic and its drawbacks become prominent when dealing with data that is subjected to delicate processing, as is what modern computational imaging methods do. Therefore, more precise characterization of the resolution limit becomes increasingly necessary with the development of data processing methods. For this purpose, we developed a theory of "computational resolution limit" for both number detection and support recovery in one dimension in [arXiv:2003.02917[cs.IT], arXiv:1912.05430[eess.IV]]. In this paper, we extend the one-dimensional theory to multi-dimensions. More precisely, we define and quantitatively characterize the "computational resolution limit" for the number detection and support recovery problems in a general k-dimensional space. Our results indicate that there exists a phase transition phenomenon regarding to the super-resolution factor and the signal-to-noise ratio in each of the two recovery problems. Our main results are derived using a subspace projection strategy. Finally, to verify the theory, we proposed deterministic subspace projection based algorithms for the number detection and support recovery problems in dimension two and three. The numerical results confirm the phase transition phenomenon predicted by the theory.
description: 32 pages, 4 figurs
Additional file 6 of Risk factors of asthma in the Asian population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Sio, Yang Yie
name: Chew, Fook Tim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6: Table S5. Summary of frequently reported asthma-associated risk factors in the Asian population (1993-2021).
Flexible DMRG-based framework for anharmonic vibrational calculations
Creators: name: Glaser, Nina
name: Baiardi, Alberto
name: Reiher, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel formulation of the vibrational density matrix renormalization group (vDMRG) algorithm tailored to strongly anharmonic molecules described by general high-dimensional model representations of potential energy surfaces. For this purpose, we extend the vDMRG framework to support vibrational Hamiltonians expressed in the so-called $n$-mode second-quantization formalism. The resulting $n$-mode vDMRG method offers full flexibility with respect to both the functional form of the PES and the choice of the single-particle basis set. We leverage this framework to apply, for the first time, vDMRG based on an anharmonic modal basis set optimized with the vibrational self-consistent field algorithm on an on-the-fly constructed PES. We also extend the $n$-mode vDMRG framework to include excited-state targeting algorithms in order to efficiently calculate anharmonic transition frequencies. We demonstrate the capabilities of our novel $n$-mode vDMRG framework for methyloxirane, a challenging molecule with 24 coupled vibrational modes.
description: 48 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
A novel approach to identify resonant MHD wave modes in solar pores and sunspot umbrae: $B-ω$ analysis
Creators: name: Stangalini, M.
name: Jess, D. B.
name: Verth, G.
name: Fedun, V.
name: Fleck, B.
name: Jafarzadeh, S.
name: Keys, P. H.
name: Murabito, M.
name: Calchetti, D.
name: Aldhafeeri, A. A.
name: Berrilli, F.
name: Del Moro, D.
name: Jefferies, S. M.
name: Terradas, J.
name: Soler, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The umbral regions of sunspots and pores in the solar photosphere are generally dominated by $3$~mHz oscillations, which are due to $p$-modes penetrating the magnetic region. In these locations, wave power is also significantly reduced with respect to the quiet Sun. However, here we study a pore where the power of the oscillations in the umbra is not only comparable, or even larger than that of the quiet Sun, but the main dominant frequency is not $3$~mHz as expected, but instead $5$~mHz. By combining Doppler velocities and spectropolarimetry and analysing the relationship between magnetic field strength and frequency, the resultant $B-ω$ diagram reveals distinct ridges which are remarkably clear signatures of resonant MHD oscillations confined within the pore umbra. In addition to velocity oscillations, we demonstrate that these modes are also accompanied by magnetic oscillations, as predicted from MHD theory. The novel technique of $B-ω$ analysis, proposed in this Letter, opens an exciting new avenue for identifying MHD wave modes in the umbral regions of both pores and sunspots.
description: Accepted in A&A
Calculations of Magnetic Exchange Interactions in Mott--Hubbard Systems
Creators: name: Wan, Xiangang
name: Yin, Quan
name: Savrasov, Sergej Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An efficient method to compute magnetic exchange interactions in systems with strong correlations is introduced. It is based on a magnetic force theorem which evaluates linear response due to rotations of magnetic moments and uses a novel spectral density functional framework combining our exact diagonalization based dynamical mean field and local density functional theories. Applications to spin waves and magnetic transition temperatures of 3d metal mono--oxides as well as high--T_{c} superconductors are in good agreement with experiment.
Designing and Evaluating Presentation Strategies for Fact-Checked Content
Creators: name: Hettiachchi, Danula
name: Ji, Kaixin
name: Kennedy, Jenny
name: McCosker, Anthony
name: Salim, Flora D.
name: Sanderson, Mark
name: Scholer, Falk
name: Spina, Damiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3; H.5.2

description: With the rapid growth of online misinformation, it is crucial to have reliable fact-checking methods. Recent research on finding check-worthy claims and automated fact-checking have made significant advancements. However, limited guidance exists regarding the presentation of fact-checked content to effectively convey verified information to users. We address this research gap by exploring the critical design elements in fact-checking reports and investigating whether credibility and presentation-based design improvements can enhance users' ability to interpret the report accurately. We co-developed potential content presentation strategies through a workshop involving fact-checking professionals, communication experts, and researchers. The workshop examined the significance and utility of elements such as veracity indicators and explored the feasibility of incorporating interactive components for enhanced information disclosure. Building on the workshop outcomes, we conducted an online experiment involving 76 crowd workers to assess the efficacy of different design strategies. The results indicate that proposed strategies significantly improve users' ability to accurately interpret the verdict of fact-checking articles. Our findings underscore the critical role of effective presentation of fact reports in addressing the spread of misinformation. By adopting appropriate design enhancements, the effectiveness of fact-checking reports can be maximized, enabling users to make informed judgments.
description: Accepted to the 32nd ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM '23)
Quantum interference structures in trapped ion dynamics beyond the Lamb-Dicke and rotating wave approximations
Creators: name: Wang, Dong
name: Hansson, Tony
name: Larson, Asa
name: Karlsson, Hans O.
name: Larson, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply wave packet methods to study an ion-trap system in the strong excitation regime imposing neither the rotating wave nor the Lamb-Dicke approximations. By this approach we show the existence of states with restricted phase space evolution, as a genuine consequence of quantum interference between wave packet fractions. A particular instance of such a state oscillates between maximal entanglement and pure disentanglement between the constitute subsystems. The characteristic crossover time is very rapid making them suitable for state preparations of EPR or Schrodinger cat states. Over longer time periods the dynamics of these states exhibits collapse-revival patterns with well resolved fractional revivals in autocorrelation, inversion and entanglement.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures. Replaced with revised version. Phys. Rev. A 77, 053808 (2008)
Seesaw Neutrinos from the Heterotic String
Creators: name: Buchmuller, Wilfried
name: Hamaguchi, Koichi
name: Lebedev, Oleg
name: Ramos-Sanchez, Saul
name: Ratz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of realizing the neutrino seesaw mechanism in the E8XE8 heterotic string. In particular, we consider its Z_6 orbifold compactifications leading to the supersymmetric standard model gauge group and matter content. We find that these models possess all the necessary ingredients for the seesaw mechanism, including the required Dirac Yukawa couplings and large Majorana mass terms. We argue that this situation is quite common in heterotic orbifolds. In contrast to the conventional seesaw of grand unified theories (GUTs), no large GUT representations are needed to generate the Majorana mass terms. The total number of right--handed neutrinos can be very large, up to O(100).
description: 4 pages; to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Measurements of branching fractions, rate asymmetries, and angular distributions in the rare decays B --> Kl+l- and B --> K*l+l-
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of the flavor-changing neutral current decays B --> Kl+l- and B --> K*l+l-, where l+l- is either an e+e- or mu+mu- pair. The data sample comprises 229 x 10^6 Y(4s) -->to BBbar decays collected with the BaBar detector at the PEP-II e+e- storage ring. Flavor-changing neutral current decays are highly suppressed in the Standard Model and their predicted properties could be significantly modified by new physics at the electroweak scale. We measure the branching fractions B(B --> Kll) = (0.34 +- 0.07 +- 0.02) x 10^{-6}, B(B --> K*ll) = (0.78^{+0.19}_{-0.17} +- 0.11) x 10^{-6}, the direct CP asymmetries of these decays, and the relative abundances of decays to electrons and muons. For two regions in l+l- mass, above and below m(Jpsi), we measure partial branching fractions and the forward-backward angular asymmetry of the lepton pair. In these same regions we also measure the K* longitudinal polarization in B --> K*l+l- decays. Upper limits are obtained for the lepton flavor-violating decays B --> Kemu and B --> K*emu. All measurements are consistent with Standard Model expectations.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables. References added. Accepted by Phys. Rev. D
CNN based Cuneiform Sign Detection Learned from Annotated 3D Renderings and Mapped Photographs with Illumination Augmentation
Creators: name: Stötzner, Ernst
name: Homburg, Timo
name: Mara, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Motivated by the challenges of the Digital Ancient Near Eastern Studies (DANES) community, we develop digital tools for processing cuneiform script being a 3D script imprinted into clay tablets used for more than three millennia and at least eight major languages. It consists of thousands of characters that have changed over time and space. Photographs are the most common representations usable for machine learning, while ink drawings are prone to interpretation. Best suited 3D datasets that are becoming available. We created and used the HeiCuBeDa and MaiCuBeDa datasets, which consist of around 500 annotated tablets. For our novel OCR-like approach to mixed image data, we provide an additional mapping tool for transferring annotations between 3D renderings and photographs. Our sign localization uses a RepPoints detector to predict the locations of characters as bounding boxes. We use image data from GigaMesh's MSII (curvature, see https://gigamesh.eu) based rendering, Phong-shaded 3D models, and photographs as well as illumination augmentation. The results show that using rendered 3D images for sign detection performs better than other work on photographs. In addition, our approach gives reasonably good results for photographs only, while it is best used for mixed datasets. More importantly, the Phong renderings, and especially the MSII renderings, improve the results on photographs, which is the largest dataset on a global scale.
description: This paper was accepted to ICCV23 and includes the DOI for an Open Access Dataset with annotated cuneiform script
Additional file 7 of Risk factors of asthma in the Asian population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Sio, Yang Yie
name: Chew, Fook Tim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 7: Table S6. Summary of frequently reported asthma comorbidities in the Asian population (1993-2021).
MeV Sterile Neutrino in light of the Cabibbo-Angle Anomaly
Creators: name: Kitahara, Teppei
name: Tobioka, Kohsaku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A modified neutrino sector could imprint a signature on precision measurements of the quark sector because many such measurements rely on the semi-leptonic decays of the charged currents. Currently, global fits of the determinations of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix elements point to a $3σ$-level deficit in the first-row CKM unitarity test, commonly referred to as the Cabibbo-angle anomaly. We find that a MeV sterile neutrino that mixes with the electron-type neutrino increases the extracted $|V_{ud}|$, accommodating the Cabibbo-angle anomaly. This MeV sterile neutrino affects the superallowed nuclear $β$ decays and neutron decay, but it barely modifies the other measurements of the CKM elements. While various constraints may apply to such a sterile neutrino, we present viable scenarios within an extension of the inverse seesaw model.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures; v2: references added; v3: matches version published in PRD