cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Unusual cause of haematuria in renal cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Aalund Pedersen, Jonas
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Uroradiology & genital male imaging
subject: Kidney
subject: Oncology
subject: Peritoneum
subject: Vascular
subject: CT
subject: Embolisation
subject: Arteriovenous malformations
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 69-year-old male with clear cell renal cell carcinoma from the left kidney disseminated to lungs, bones, mediastinal lymph nodes, pancreas, adrenal glands, and right kidney. Currently in second-line therapy with Axitinib. The patient had three weeks of macroscopic haematuria and a cystoscopy that did not find the source of bleeding. 

description: 69 years, male
Verfahren zur Charakterisierung und Modellierung von Lithium-Ionen Zellen
Creators: name: Schmidt, Jan Philipp
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2013
Subjects: Lithium-Ionen
Modellierung
Impedanzspektroskopie
Batterie
Verfahren

description: In dieser Arbeit werden neue Verfahren zur Charakterisierung des elektrochemischen und thermischen Verhaltens von Lithium-Ionen Zellen vorgestellt. Basierend auf diesen wird ein Modellansatz vorgestellt, der das Zellverhalten in vier Domänen (statisch und dynamisch für elektrochemisches und thermisches Verhalten) getrennt abzubilden vermag. Hierdurch wird die Übertragbarkeit auf verschiedenste Materialchemien, skalierbare Genauigkeit und eine automatisierbare Parametrierung möglich.
Using Flexible Loans to Improve Access to Credit for Farmers in Kenya
Creators: name: Onyango, Fredrick
name: Upadhyaya, Radha
Publisher: name: Academia Kenya
Year: 2021
Subjects: Agriculture
Kenya

description: ending to the agricultural sector in Kenya is low. According to a report by the Kenya Bankers Association (KBA), only four percent of commercial banks’ lending goes into agriculture (KBA, 2018). Most of these loans go to large farmers as smallholder farmers are unable to meet banks’ requirements as well as the stringent repayment terms demanded by banks. Thus, smallholder farmers have to rely on other sources of finance for farm financing. As Kenya seeks to achieve the food security goal as enshrined in Vision 2030, it is increasingly important to finance smallholder farmers in order to improve agricultural production and productivity and transform the rural economies. Given that farmers do not have regular incomes, making regular repayments from agriculture is untenable. Some lenders, especially microfinance lenders, have designed loan products that offer farmers some flexibility in repayment. Such loans mostly contain features such as grace periods and flexible repayment schedules. Other features include bullet/balloon payments, loan refinancing, loan rescheduling, and credit lines. Flexible loans are expected to be attractive to farmers given that they usually match the cash flows of farmers. Thus, access to credit is expected to improve when loan products are designed with flexible terms. This has been a subject of debate among scholars.
Particle-size distribution of ashfall from Taal Volcano, Philippines.
Creators: name: Bato, Victorino
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agriculture
subject: Life Sciences
subject: ashfall
subject: particle-size
subject: philippines
subject: taal

description: Taal Volcano erupted on January 12, 2020. Accumulated ashfall samples were taken and analyzed in Soil Physics Laboratory of the University of the Philippines Los Banos. University of the Philippines, Los Banos.
Transformation von Multiphysics-Modellen in einen FPGA-Entwurf für den echtzeitfähigen HiL-Test eingebetteter Systeme
Creators: name: Köllner, Christian
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2013
Subjects: Modelica
FPGA
Hardware-in-the-Loop
Entwurfsautomatisierung
Echtzeit

description: Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine durchgängige Werkzeugkette von der Modellbildung physikalischer Simulationen bis zur Entwurfsautomatisierung für FPGA-basierte Echtzeitsimulationen etabliert. Modelica wurde als vielseitige, intuitive und objektorientierte Sprache zur Modellbildung ausgewählt. Die entwickelte Werkzeugkette nutzt Methoden der High-Level-Synthese, um einen Entwurf in VHDL zu generieren. Dabei können sowohl Entwürfe in Fließkomma-, als auch Festkomma-Arithmetik erzeugt werden.
Hexatonic Systems and Dual Groups in Mathematical Music Theory
Creators: name: Berry, Cameron
name: Fiore, Thomas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 00A65, 20B35 (Primary), 20-01 (Secondary)

description: Motivated by the music-theoretical work of Richard Cohn and David Clampitt on late-nineteenth century harmony, we mathematically prove that the PL-group of a hexatonic cycle is dual (in the sense of Lewin) to its T/I-stabilizer. Our point of departure is Cohn's notions of maximal smoothness and hexatonic cycle, and the symmetry group of the 12-gon; we do not make use of the duality between the T/I-group and PLR-group. We also discuss how some ideas in the present paper could be used in the proof of T/I-PLR duality by Crans--Fiore--Satyendra.
description: 16 pages. To appear in Involve: A Journal of Mathematics, published by Mathematical Sciences Publishers
Generalized Forchheimer flows in heterogeneous porous media
Creators: name: Celik, Emine
name: Hoang, Luan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the generalized Forchheimer flows of slightly compressible fluids in heterogeneous porous media. The media's porosity and coefficients of the Forchheimer equation are functions of the spatial variables. The partial differential equation for the pressure is degenerate in its gradient and can be both singular and degenerate in the spatial variables. Suitable weighted Lebesgue norms for the pressure, its gradient and time derivative are estimated. The continuous dependence on the initial and boundary data is established for the pressure and its gradient with respect to those corresponding norms. Asymptotic estimates are derived even for unbounded boundary data as time tends to infinity.
The dawn of mathematical biology
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Daniel Sander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper I describe the early development of the so-called mathematical biophysics, as conceived by Nicolas Rashevsky back in the 1920's, as well as his latter idealization of a "relational biology". I also underline that the creation of the journal "The Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics" was instrumental in legitimating the efforts of Rashevsky and his students, and I finally argue that his pioneering efforts, while still largely unacknowledged, were vital for the development of important scientific contributions, most notably the McCulloch-Pitts model of neural networks.
description: 9 pages, without figures
Inelastic processes in Na$^{+}-$Ne, Ar and Ne$^{+},$ Ar$^{+}-$Na collisions in energy range $0.5-14$ keV
Creators: name: Lomsadze, R. A.
name: Gochitashvili, M. R.
name: Kezerashvili, R. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Absolute cross sections for charge-exchange, ionization and excitation in Na$% ^{+}-$Ne and Na$^{+}-$Ar collisions were measured in the ion energy range $% 0.5-10$ keV using a refined version of a capacitor method, and collision and optical spectroscopy methods simultaneously in the same experimental set-up. Ionization cross sections for Ne$^{+}-$Na and Ar$^{+}-$Na collisions are measured at the energies of $2-14$ keV using a crossed-beam spectroscopy method. The experimental data and the schematic correlation diagrams are used to analyze and determine the mechanisms for these processes. For the charge-exchange process in Na$^{+}$ $-$Ar collisions two nonadiabatic regions are revealed and mechanisms responsible for these regions are explained. Structural peculiarity on the excitation function for the resonance lines of argon atoms in Na$^{+}$ $-$Ar collisions are observed and the possible mechanisms of this phenomenon are explored. The measured ionization cross sections for Na$^{+}-$Ne and Ne$^{+}-$Na collisions in conjunction with the Landau-Zener formula are used to determine the coupling matrix element and transition probability in a region of pseudo-crossing of the potential curves.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Limitations to current methods to estimate cause of death: a validation study of a verbal autopsy model
Creators: name: Quintó, Llorenç
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Epidemiology

description: In this study we have analysed for the first time the validity of one of the most commonly used VA method, the InterVA, against the gold standard, the complete diagnostic autopsy, in a large series of autopsies carried out at a referral hospital in Maputo, Mozambique. The study findings show an overall poor agreement both at the individual and at the population level of the InterVA probabilistic model against the gold standard autopsy method. The low agreement of the InterVA model was seen across all age groups and conditions.
Probing the Electrical Switching of a Memristive Optical Antenna by STEM EELS
Creators: name: Schoen, David T.
name: Holsteen, Aaron
name: Brongersma, Mark L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scaling of active photonic devices to deep-submicron length-scales has been hampered by the fundamental diffraction limit and the absence of materials with sufficiently strong electro-optic effects. Here, we demonstrate a solid state electro-optical switching mechanism that can operate in the visible spectral range with an unparalleled active volume of less than 5 nm cube, comparable to the size of the smallest electronic components. The switching mechanism relies on electrochemically displacing metal atoms inside the nanometer-scale gap to electrically connect two crossed metallic wires forming a crosspoint junction. Such junctions afford extreme light concentration and display singular optical behavior upon formation of a conductive channel. We illustrate how this effect can be used to actively tune the resonances of plasmonic antennas. The tuning mechanism is analyzed using a combination of electrical and optical measurements as well as electron energy loss (EELS) in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM).
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
The EU effect and the export of environmental standards to the U.S.
Creators: name: Ahlen, Jan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: In the past twenty years, decisions on global environmental regulations have increasingly originated in Brussels instead of Washington. Many European Union (EU) environmental laws are having effects well beyond the borders of the EU. This thesis examines three EU environmental policies to determine the extent to which they are having an EU Effect in the United States (U.S.). The impact is measured at the market, state, and federal levels. The thesis also explores the role that economic context, regulatory learning, and political context have had on the diffusion of these three policies. The three policies examined include two directives, RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) and WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment), and one regulation, REACH (Registration, Evaluation, and Authorization of Chemicals). Each of these environmental policies is impacting the U.S. at the market, state, and federal levels, albeit to varying degrees.
Determination of thermal emission spectra maximizing thermophotovoltaic performance using a genetic algorithm
Creators: name: DeSutter, John
name: Bernardi, Michael P.
name: Francoeur, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimal radiator thermal emission spectra maximizing thermophotovoltaic (TPV) conversion efficiency and output power density are determined when temperature effects in the cell are considered. To do this, a framework is designed in which a TPV model that accounts for radiative, electrical and thermal losses is coupled with a genetic algorithm. The TPV device under study involves a spectrally selective radiator at a temperature of 2000 K, a gallium antimonide cell, and a cell thermal management system characterized by a fluid temperature and a heat transfer coefficient of 293 K and 600 Wm-2K-1. It is shown that a maximum conversion efficiency of 38.8% is achievable with an emission spectrum that has emissivity of unity between 0.719 eV and 0.763 eV and zero elsewhere. This optimal spectrum is less than half of the width of those when thermal losses are neglected. A maximum output power density of 41708 Wm-2 is achievable with a spectrum having emissivity values of unity between 0.684 eV and 1.082 eV and zero elsewhere when thermal losses are accounted for. These emission spectra are shown to greatly outperform blackbody and tungsten radiators, and could be obtained using artificial structures such as metamaterials or photonic crystals.
description: 33 pages, 8 figures
Submesoscale circulation in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: Surface processes and the impact of the freshwater river input
Creators: name: Luo, Hao
name: Bracco, Annalisa
name: Cardona, Yuley
name: McWilliams, Jim C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The processes and instabilities occurring at the ocean surface in the northern Gulf of Mexico are investigated with a regional model at submesoscale-permitting horizontal grid resolution (i.e., HR with dx = 1.6 km) over a three-year period, from January 2010 to December 2012. A mesoscale-resolving, lower resolution run (LR, with dx = 5 km) is also considered for comparison. The HR run is obtained through two-way nesting within the LR run. In HR quantities such local Rossby number, horizontal divergence, vertical velocity, and strain rate are amplified in winter, when the mixed layer is deepest, as found in other basins. In the model configuration considered this amplification occurs in surface waters over the continental slope and off-shore but not over the shelf. Submesoscale structures consist of a mixture of fronts and eddies generated by frontogenesis and mixed layer instabilities, with elevated conversion rates of available potential energy (APE) into eddy kinetic energy (EKE). In all quantities a secondary maximum emerges during the summer season, when the mixed layer depth is shallowest, barely 15-20 m. The secondary peak extends to the coast and is due to the intense lateral density gradients created by the fresh water inflow from the Mississippi River system. Submesoscale structures in summer consist predominately of fronts, as observed in the aftermath of the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill, and their secondary circulations are impeded due to the limited depth of the mixed layer. Freshwater river input is key to the submesoscale activity in summer but modulates it also in winter, as shown with a sensitivity run in which the riverine inflow is absent. Implications for transport studies in regions characterized by intense freshwater fluxes and for submesoscale parameterizations are discussed.
Energetically favoured defects in dense packings of particles on spherical surfaces
Creators: name: Paquay, Stefan
name: Kusumaatmaja, Halim
name: Wales, David J.
name: Zandi, Roya
name: van der Schoot, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dense packing of interacting particles on spheres has proved to be a useful model for virus capsids and colloidosomes. Indeed, icosahedral symmetry observed in virus capsids corresponds to potential energy minima that occur for magic numbers of, e.g., 12, 32 and 72 identical Lennard-Jones particles, for which the packing has exactly the minimum number of twelve five-fold defects. It is unclear, however, how stable these structures are against thermal agitation. We investigate this property by means of basin-hopping global optimisation and Langevin dynamics for particle numbers between ten and one hundred. An important measure is the number and type of point defects, that is, particles that do not have six nearest neighbours. We find that small icosahedral structures are the most robust against thermal fluctuations, exhibiting fewer excess defects and rearrangements for a wide temperature range. Furthermore, we provide evidence that excess defects appearing at low non-zero temperatures lower the potential energy at the expense of entropy. At higher temperatures defects are, as expected, thermally excited and thus entropically stabilised. If we replace the Lennard-Jones potential by a very short-ranged (Morse) potential, which is arguably more appropriate for colloids and virus capsid proteins, we find that the same particle numbers give a minimum in the potential energy, although for larger particle numbers these minima correspond to different packings. Furthermore, defects are more difficult to excite thermally for the short-ranged potential, suggesting that the short-ranged interaction further stabilises equilibrium structures.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables
Scaling Relations in Two-Dimensional Relativistic Hydrodynamic Turbulence
Creators: name: Westernacher-Schneider, John Ryan
name: Lehner, Luis
name: Oz, Yaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive exact scaling relations for two-dimensional relativistic hydrodynamic turbulence in the inertial range of scales. We consider both the energy cascade towards large scales and the enstrophy cascade towards small scales. We illustrate these relations by numerical simulations of turbulent weakly compressible flows. Intriguingly, the fluid-gravity correspondence implies that the gravitational field in spacetimes with anti-de Sitter asymptotics should exhibit similar scaling relations.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures, minor typos corrected
Learning to Love: OXTR and CD38 Polymorphisms Moderate the Daily Positive Emotion Yield of Loving-kindness Training
Creators: name: Isgett, Suzannah
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Social psychology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The oxytocin system, which is implicated in social cognition and behavior, is one potential biological pathway that influences an individual's capacity to extract positive emotions in social contexts. We tested whether several SNPs in two genes related to oxytocin reception (OXTR) and secretion (CD38) moderated positive emotion growth during a socially-focused intervention. For six weeks, a sample of mid-life adults participated in either loving-kindness or mindfulness training, and daily positive emotions were measured. DNA from blood was extracted to assess a set of SNPs within OXTR and CD38. Cumulative risk for OXTR and CD38 genes moderated positive emotion change during loving-kindness training. Lower-risk individuals experienced gains in daily positive emotions from loving-kindness training, while higher-risk individuals did not with either form of training. These findings are some of the first to shed light on how genetic differences in oxytocin processing influence the capacity to experience positive emotions in social contexts.
Stoner Magnetism in an Inversion Layer
Creators: name: Golosov, D. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experimental work on magnetic properties of Si-MOSFETs, we report a calculation of magnetisation and susceptibility of electrons in an inversion layer, taking into account the co-ordinate dependence of electron wave function in the direction perpendicular to the plane. It is assumed that the inversion-layer carriers interact via a contact repulsive potential, which is treated at a mean-field level, resulting in a self-consistent change of profile of the wave functions. We find that the results differ significantly from those obtained in the pure 2DEG case (where no provision is made for a quantum motion in the transverse direction). Specifically, the critical value of interaction needed to attain the ferromagnetic (Stoner) instability is decreased and the Stoner criterion is therefore relaxed. This leads to an increased susceptibility and ultimately to a ferromagnetic transition deep in the high-density metallic regime. In the opposite limit of low carrier densities, a phenomenological treatment of the in-plane correlation effects suggests a ferromagnetic instability above the metal-insulator transition. Results are discussed in the context of the available experimental data.
description: 8 pages, LaTeX, 3 PostScript figures; J. Magn. Magn. Mater., in press
COVID-19 and Domestic Violence against Men in Kenya: Issues and Policy Directions
Creators: name: Ondicho, Tom
name: Mwanyuli, Sharon
Publisher: name: Academia Kenya
Year: 2021
Subjects: COVID-19
Domestic Violence
Kenya

description: Since the outbreak of COVID- 19 in Wuhan, China in December 2019, multiple media outlets around the world have reported an increase in the rates of domestic violence (DV). In part, this is the result of the stringent measures imposed by governments to reduce the spread of this deadly disease. Factors associated with DV have been exacerbated by the effects of restricted movements, increased time spent at home, financial hardships, increased parental stress, and rising unemployment linked to COVID-19. DV is defined in Kenya’s Protection Against Domestic Violence (PADV) Act 2015, as ‘any form of violence against a person, or threat of violence or of imminent danger to that person, by any other person with whom that person is, or has been, in a domestic relationship’. DV can manifest socially, psychologically, physically, sexually, emotionally, and financially (Obegi et al, 2017; Mangare et al, 2018). While DV affects both genders, more is known about male-perpetrated than female-perpetrated DV, and it is not clear whether what is known about male violence also holds true for female violence. Preliminary and anecdotal evidence suggests that domestic violence against men (DVAM) in Kenya has been on the increase in recent times (MAWE, 2017). While the true levels remain unknown, recent media reports show a significant increase in DVAM since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The worldwide clinical trial research response to the COVID-19 pandemic - the first 100 days
Creators: name: Janiaud, Perrine
name: Saccilotto, Ramon
name: Axfors, Cathrine
name: Hemkens, Lars
name: Schmitt, Andreas
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Epidemiology
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: International Public Health
subject: COVID-19
subject: meta-research
subject: rapid reviews
subject: systematic reviews
subject: trials

description: Never before have clinical trials drawn as much public attention as those testing interventions for COVID-19. We aimed to describe the worldwide COVID-19 clinical research response and its evolution over the first 100 days of the pandemic
Linear response to long wavelength fluctuations using curvature simulations
Creators: name: Baldauf, Tobias
name: Seljak, Uroš
name: Senatore, Leonardo
name: Zaldarriaga, Matias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the local response to long wavelength fluctuations in cosmological $N$-body simulations, focusing on the matter and halo power spectra, halo abundance and non-linear transformations of the density field. The long wavelength mode is implemented using an effective curved cosmology and a mapping of time and distances. The method provides an alternative, most probably more precise, way to measure the isotropic halo biases. Limiting ourselves to the linear case, we find generally good agreement between the biases obtained from the curvature method and the traditional power spectrum method at the level of a few percent. We also study the response of halo counts to changes in the variance of the field and find that the slope of the relation between the responses to density and variance differs from the naive derivation assuming a universal mass function by 18%. This has implications for measurements of the amplitude of local non-Gaussianity using scale dependent bias. We also analyze the halo power spectrum and halo-dark matter cross-spectrum response to long wavelength fluctuations and derive second order halo bias from it, as well as the super-sample variance contribution to the galaxy power spectrum covariance matrix.
description: 29 pages, 14 figures
Pleyel's Hymns Across the Atlantic: Migration, Travel, and American Psalmody Reform in the Early Nineteenth Century
Creators: name: Robin, William
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: In the decades following the American Revolution, a generation of New England intellectuals and musicians attempted to reform American hymnody from its lively, William Billings-derived native style to a more deliberate, Old World solemnity. This Ancient Music movement proposed to return American psalmody to its European origins, but its participants also imported recently composed tunes, including two hymns by Ignace Pleyel. This thesis discusses how these Pleyel hymns--one brought to the United States via the emigration of the Carr family of publishers from England, and the other through the European travels of Boston reverend Joseph Stevens Buckminster--intersected with psalmody reform at the turn of the nineteenth century. In tracing the dissemination of Pleyel's hymns, I show how transatlantic developments in Britain and the United States fundamentally altered the direction of American hymnody.
Oxygen Access and Affordability in Health Facilities in Kenya
Creators: name: Ogot, Madara
name: Ayah, Richard
name: Muriuki, Rita
name: Nyangaya, James
Publisher: name: University of Nairobi
Year: 2021
Subjects: Health
Medical Oxygen
Kenya
Oxygen Concentrators

description: Medical Oxygen can represent a significant cost to hospitals in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Contributors to the high cost include logistical challenges in transporting oxygen that also lead to intermittent availability. The high oxygen cost to the patient can limit use or lead to early discharge. Even where oxygen is in government health facilities and hospitals, its high cost often leads to periods of unavailability. Oxygen concentrators are portable devices that remove nitrogen from the air and are able to produce oxygen at concentrations of 85%-95%. Although the use of concentrators could solve the supply chain problems of oxygen cylinders, concentrators come with their own host of challenges. These include the need for a continuous, reliable supply of electricity (often not available in LMICs), a robust system for monitoring, maintenance and repair, and a clinical staff trained in their use.
The Influence of Culture on Depression and Cognition in Korean Immigrants Compared to White Americans
Creators: name: Easter, Rebecca
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: In this study, we aimed to elucidate the influence of culture and cognition on depressive symptoms in Korean-born women compared to White American-born women. We first examined the cross-cultural validity of two self-report clinical measures and then conducted regressions to examine how race or acculturation (comprised of assimilation to American culture and maintenance of heritage culture) may impact the relationship between cognition and depression. Firstly, multi-group confirmatory factor analyses of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Patient Health Questionnaire-15 were conducted to test for factorial invariance. We found poor fit for configural invariance for both measures, suggesting that the factor structures for Korean immigrants and White Americans are different and thus that the measures may lack cross-cultural validity. We also conducted regressions to examine the effect of acculturation on depression in Korean immigrants. We detected a negative relationship between maintenance of heritage culture and depressive symptoms, such that lower connection to Korean culture was associated with higher levels of depression. We did not find an effect of assimilation to American culture on depression in Korean women. Additional regressions were conducted to investigate racial and cultural differences in the relationship between cognition (emotion processing, inhibitory control) and depression. We detected a significant interaction between race and emotion processing of Asian faces on the prediction of depressive symptoms, such that efficiency of processing emotions on Asian faces was a better predictor of depression in White participants than Koreans. We did not detect a relationship between race and emotion processing of White faces on depression, nor was an effect of acculturation found. For inhibitory control, we did not find a significant effect of race or acculturation on the relationship between cognition and depression. Overall, our findings suggest that depression self-report tools may not be measuring the same construct of depression in Korean and White women. Additionally, culture to influence cognition and depression in Korean women; thus, culture may be an important area to consider in both research and clinical work this population. Furthermore, our results suggest that further investigations of the interacting relationships between culture, cognition, and depression may provide additional and beneficial elucidation of depression, particularly for non-White and/or immigrant populations.
Uniform symplicity of groups with proximal action
Creators: name: Gal, Światosław R.
name: Gismatullin, Jakub
name: Lazarovich, Nir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E08, 20E32, 20F65, 22E40

description: We prove that groups acting boundedly and order-primitively on linear orders or acting extremly proximality on a Cantor set (the class including various Higman-Thomson groups and Neretin groups of almost automorphisms of regular trees, also called groups of spheromorphisms) are uniformly simple. Explicit bounds are provided.
description: 23 pages, appendix by Nir Lazarovich, corrected version
Managing Fragmentation of Agricultural Land for Livelihood Security in Kenya
Creators: name: Mugo, Fridah
name: Ndegwa, Elijah
name: Mwangi, Isaac
Publisher: name: University of Nairobi
Year: 2021
Subjects: Agriculture
Kenya

description: Kenya’s rural population. As the population increases, per capita land available for farming reduces as more land is used for homesteads. This threatens the livelihood of those who depend on agriculture. Kenya's population has increased from 10.9 million in 1969 to 47.6 million in 2019 (KNBS, 2019). As a result, arable land per person has reduced by 71.4% from 0.42 ha. (1.04 acres) in 1961 to 0.12 ha (0.30 acres) in 2016, and the trend is continuing (World Bank, 2020). The free- hold land tenure system that allows landowners to utilize their land without user and use restriction, sub-division of land for inheritance among heirs, scattered patterns of rural settlement that rests on inefficient utilization of the land resource and unplanned agricultural production are worsening human problems from land fragmentation. Overall, these are a threat to food and livelihood security. Fragmentation of agricultural land is associated with the decline of production in the sector. This study examined the relationship between the inter-generational subdivision of agricultural land and its impacts on food and livelihood security in fifteen rural farming sub- locations covering eight counties: Kisii, Kiambu, Kirinyaga, Embu, Tranzoia, Nyandarua, Machakos and Makueni.
Interplay between the local information based behavioral responses and the epidemic spreading in complex networks
Creators: name: Liu, Can
name: Xie, Jia-Rong
name: Chen, Han-Shuang
name: Zhang, Hai-Feng
name: Tang, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spreading of an infectious disease can trigger human behavior responses to the disease, which in turn plays a crucial role on the spreading of epidemic. In this study, to illustrate the impacts of the human behavioral responses, a new class of individuals, $S^F$, is introduced to the classical susceptible-infected-recovered ($SIR$) model. In the model, $S^F$ state represents that susceptible individuals who take self-initiate protective measures to lower the probability of being infected, and a susceptible individual may go to $S^F$ state with a response rate when contacting an infectious neighbor. Via the percolation method, the theoretical formulas for the epidemic threshold as well as the prevalence of epidemic are derived. Our finding indicates that, with the increasing of the response rate, the epidemic threshold is enhanced and the prevalence of epidemic is reduced. The analytical results are also verified by the numerical simulations. In addition, we demonstrate that, because the mean field method neglects the dynamic correlations, a wrong result based on the mean field method is obtained---the epidemic threshold is not related to the response rate, i.e., the additional $S^F$ state has no impact on the epidemic threshold.
description: 6 figures. accepted by chaos
Dynamiksimulation in der Computergraphik
Creators: name: Bender, Jan
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2014
Subjects: physikalisch-basierte Simulation
Mehrkörpersysteme
deformierbare Festkörper
GPU-basierte Simulation
physically-based simulation
multi-body systems
deformable solids
GPU-based simulation

description: Die interaktive physikalisch-basierte Simulation von Starrkörpern und deformierbaren Festkörpern ist ein wichtiges und aktuelles Forschungsgebiet in der Computergraphik und ein essentieller Bestandteil in vielen Anwendungen, wie z.B. Virtual Prototyping, Computerspiele oder Trainingssimulatoren. In dieser Arbeit werden interaktive Simulationsmethoden für Mehrkörpersysteme, Textilien und inkompressible deformierbare Volumenkörper vorgestellt.
Flexible Tarife in elektronischen Fahrgeldmanagementsystemen und ihre Wirkung auf das Mobilitätsverhalten
Creators: name: Wirtz, Matthias
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2014
Subjects: Verkehr Fahrgeldmanagement Tarif Flexibel Festpreis
public transportation tariff flexible flatrate

description: Elektronische Fahrgeldmanagement (EFM) in öffentlichen Verkehrssystemen bieten erweiterte Möglichkeiten der Preisdifferenzierung in der Tarifgestaltung. In einer Conjoint-Analyse werden Präferenzen für verschiedene Implementierungsformen der Preisdifferenzierung analysiert und der Einfluss auf die Verkehrsmittelwahl quantifiziert. Dabei wird ebenfalls das Phänomen der Affinität zu Festpreisen, dem Flatrate-Bias, erklärt.
Optimization of factors influencing enzyme activity and product selectivity and the role of proton transfer in the catalytic mechanism of patchoulol synthase
Creators: name: Ekramzadeh, Kimia
name: Brämer, Chantal
name: Frister, Thore
name: Fohrer, Jörg
name: Kirschning, Andreas
name: Scheper, Thomas
name: Beutel, Sascha
Publisher: name: Malden, MA : Wiley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: biocatalysis
subject: biocatalytic mechanism
subject: patchouli oil
subject: patchoulol synthase
subject: sesquiterpenes
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::660 | Technische Chemie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: The patchoulol synthase (PTS) from Pogostemon cablin is a versatile sesquiterpene synthase and produces more than 20 valuable sesquiterpenes by conversion of the natural substrate farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP). PTS has the potential to be used as a biocatalyst for the production of valuable sesquiterpenes such as (−)-patchoulol. The objective of the present study is to develop an efficient biotransformation and to characterize the biocatalytic mechanism of the PTS in detail. For this purpose, soluble PTS was prepared using an optimized cultivation protocol and continuous downstream process with a purity of 98%. The PTS biotransformation was then optimized regarding buffer composition, pH-value, and temperature for biotransformation as well as functional and kinetic properties to improve productivity. For the bioconversion of FPP, the highest enzyme activity was reached with the 2-(N-morphlino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES) buffer containing 10% (v/v) glycerol and 10 mM MgCl2 at pH 6.4 and 34°C. The PTS showed an unusual substrate inhibition for sesquiterpene synthases indicating an intermediate sesquiterpene formed in the active center. Deuteration experiments were used to gain further insights into the biocatalytic mechanism described in literature. Thus it could be shown that a second substrate binding site must be responsible for substrate inhibition and that further protonation and deprotonation steps are involved in the reaction mechanism.
Was wissen wir über den Kinder- und Jugendsport?
Creators: name: Kuhlmann, Detlef
Publisher: name: Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::700 | Künste, Bildende Kunst allgemein::790 | Freizeitgestaltung, Darstellende Kunst::796 | Sport

description: [No abstract available]
The Absolute Rate of LGRB Formation
Creators: name: Graham, J. F.
name: Schady, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the LGRB progenitor rate using our recent work on the effects of environmental metallically on LGRB formation in concert with SNe statistics via an approach patterned loosely off the Drake equation. Beginning with the cosmic star-formation history, we consider the expected number of broad-line Type Ic events (the SNe type associated with LGRBs) that are in low metallicity host environments adjusted by the contribution of high metallicity host environments at a much reduced rate. We then compare this estimate to the observed LGRB rate corrected for instrumental selection effects to provide a combined estimate of the efficiency fraction of these progenitors to produce LGRBs and the fraction of which are beamed in our direction. From this we estimate that an aligned LGRB occurs for approximately every 4000 low metallically broad-lined Type Ic Supernovae. Therefore if one assumes a semi-nominal beaming factor of 100 then only about one such supernova out of 40 produce an LGRB. Finally we propose an off-axis LGRB search strategy of targeting for radio observation broad-line Type Ic events that occur in low metallicity hosts.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Constraining the GRB-magnetar model by means of the Galactic pulsar population
Creators: name: Rea, Nanda
name: Gullon, Miguel
name: Pons, Jose' A.
name: Perna, Rosalba
name: Dainotti, Maria G.
name: Miralles, Juan A.
name: Torres, Diego F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large fraction of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) displays an X-ray plateau phase within <10^{5} s from the prompt emission, proposed to be powered by the spin-down energy of a rapidly spinning newly born magnetar. In this work we use the properties of the Galactic neutron star population to constrain the GRB-magnetar scenario. We re-analyze the X-ray plateaus of all Swift GRBs with known redshift, between January 2005 and August 2014. From the derived initial magnetic field distribution for the possible magnetars left behind by the GRBs, we study the evolution and properties of a simulated GRB-magnetar population using numerical simulations of magnetic field evolution, coupled with Monte Carlo simulations of Pulsar Population Synthesis in our Galaxy. We find that if the GRB X-ray plateaus are powered by the rotational energy of a newly formed magnetar, the current observational properties of the Galactic magnetar population are not compatible with being formed within the GRB scenario (regardless of the GRB type or rate at z=0). Direct consequences would be that we should allow the existence of magnetars and "super-magnetars" having different progenitors, and that Type Ib/c SNe related to Long GRBs form systematically neutron stars with higher initial magnetic fields. We put an upper limit of <16 "super-magnetars" formed by a GRB in our Galaxy in the past Myr (at 99% c.l.). This limit is somewhat smaller than what roughly expected from Long GRB rates, although the very large uncertainties do not allow us to draw strong conclusion in this respect.
description: 8 pages (emulated), 7 figures; ApJ in press
Topological rigidity of higher graph manifolds
Creators: name: Bárcenas, Noé
name: Juan-Pineda, Daniel
name: Suárez-Serrato, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this short note we prove the Borel conjecture for a family of aspherical manifolds that includes higher graph manifolds.
description: 8 pgs
How does variability in cells aging and growth rates influence the malthus parameter?
Creators: name: Olivier, Adélaïde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The aim of this study is to compare the growth speed of different cell populations measured by their Malthus parameter. We focus on both the age-structured and size-structured equations. A first population (of reference) is composed of cells all aging or growing at the same rate $\bar v$. A second population (with variability) is composed of cells each aging or growing at a rate $v$ drawn according to a non-degenerated distribution $ρ$ with mean $\bar v$. In a first part, analytical answers -- based on the study of an eigenproblem -- are provided for the age-structured model. In a second part, numerical answers -- based on stochastic simulations -- are derived for the size-structured model. It appears numerically that the population with variability proliferates more slowly than the population of reference (for experimentally plausible division rates). The decrease in the Malthus parameter we measure, around 2% for distributions $ρ$ with realistic coefficients of variations around 15-20\%, is determinant since it controls the {\it exponential} growth of the whole population.
Lower bounds for Haar projections: deterministic examples
Creators: name: Seeger, Andreas
name: Ullrich, Tino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E35, 46B15, 42C40

description: In a previous paper by the authors the existence of Haar projections with growing norms in Sobolev-Triebel-Lizorkin spaces has been shown via a probabilistic argument. This existence was sufficient to determine the precise range of Triebel-Lizorkin spaces for which the Haar system is an unconditional basis. The aim of the present paper is to give simple deterministic examples of Haar projections that show this growth behavior in the respective range of parameters.
Automatically Welded Tubular X‐Joints for Jacket Substructures: Prediction of the Technical Fatigue Crack Location
Creators: name: Schaumann, Peter
name: Schürmann, Karsten
name: Pittner, Andreas
name: Rethmeier, Michael
Publisher: name: Berlin : Ernst & Sohn, a Wiley brand
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Automated manufacmring
subject: Fatigue tests
subject: Notch stress approach
subject: Structural stress approach
subject: Tubular X-jomts
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::624 | Ingenieurbau und Umwelttechnik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::700 | Künste, Bildende Kunst allgemein::720 | Architektur

description: To increase the competitiveness of jacket substructures compared to monopiles a changeover from an individual towards a serial jacket production based on automated manufactured tubular joints combined with standardized pipes has to be achieved. Therefore, this paper addresses fatigue tests of automatically welded tubular X-joints focusing on the location of the technical fatigue crack. The detected location of the technical crack is compared to numerical investigations predicting the most fatigue prone notch considering the structural stress approach as well as the notch stress approach. Besides, the welding process of the automated manufactured tubular X-joints is presented.
18-Months Operation of Lunar-based Ultraviolet Telescope: A Highly Stable Photometric Performance
Creators: name: Wang, J.
name: Meng, X. M.
name: Han, X. H.
name: Cai, H. B.
name: Cao, L.
name: Deng, J. S.
name: Qiu, Y. L.
name: Wang, S.
name: Wei, J. Y.
name: Hu, J. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We here report the photometric performance of Lunar-based Ultraviolet telescope (LUT), the first robotic telescope working on the Moon, for its 18-months operation. In total, 17 IUE standards have been observed in 51 runs until June 2015, which returns a highly stable photometric performance during the past 18 months (i.e., no evolution of photometric performance with time). The magnitude zero point is determined to be $17.53\pm0.05$ mag, which is not only highly consistent with the results based on its first 6-months operation, but also independent on the spectral type of the standard from which the magnitude zero point is determined. The implications of this stable performance is discussed, and is useful for next generation lunar-based astronomical observations.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures and 2 tables. To be published in Ap&SS
Flag-dipole and flagpole spinors fluid flows in Kerr spacetimes
Creators: name: da Rocha, Roldao
name: Cavalcanti, R. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flagpole and flag-dipole spinors are particular classes of spinor fields that has been recently used in different branches of theoretical physics. In this paper, we study the possibility and consequences of these spinor fields to induce an underlying fluid flow structure in the background of Kerr spacetimes. We show that flag-dipole spinor fields are solutions of the equations of motion in this context. To our knowledge, this is the second time that this class of spinor field appears as a physical solution, the first one occurring as a solution of the Dirac equation in ESK gravities.
description: 10 pages, published version