cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A method to compute derivatives of functions of large complex matrices
Creators: name: Puhr, M.
name: Buividovich, P. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recently developed numerical method for the calculation of derivatives of functions of general complex matrices, which can also be combined with implicit matrix function approximations such as Krylov-Ritz type algorithms, is presented. An important use case for the method in the context of lattice gauge theory is the overlap Dirac operator at finite quark chemical potential. Derivatives of the lattice Dirac operator are necessary for the computation of conserved lattice currents or the fermionic force in Hybrid Monte-Carlo and Langevin simulations. To calculate the overlap Dirac operator at finite chemical potential the product of the sign function of a non-Hermitian matrix with a vector has to be computed. For non-Hermitian matrices it is not possible to efficiently approximate the sign function with polynomials or rational functions. Implicit approximation algorithms, like Krylov-Ritz methods, that depend on the source vector have to be used instead. Our method can also provide derivatives of such implicit approximations. We show how a generalised deflation prescription can be used to improve the performance of the method, if some eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix being differentiated are known. To show that the method is efficient and well suited for practical calculations we provide test results for the two-sided Lanczos approximation of the finite-density overlap Dirac operator on SU(3) gauge field configurations on lattices with sizes up to $14 \times 14^3$.
description: 7 pages PoS style, 2 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the Lattice 2016 conference (24-30 July 2016, University of Southampton, UK)
Toward a Designable Extracellular Matrix: Molecular Dynamics Simulations of an Engineered Laminin-mimetic, Elastin-like Fusion Protein
Creators: name: Tang, James D.
name: McAnany, Charles E.
name: Mura, Cameron
name: Lampe, Kyle J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Native extracellular matrices (ECMs), such as those of the human brain and other neural tissues, exhibit networks of molecular interactions between specific matrix proteins and other tissue components. Guided by these naturally self-assembling supramolecular systems, we have designed a matrix-derived protein chimera that contains a laminin globular-like (LG) domain fused to an elastin-like polypeptide (ELP). All-atom, classical molecular dynamics simulations of our designed laminin-elastin fusion protein reveal temperature-dependent conformational changes, in terms of secondary structure composition, solvent accessible surface area, hydrogen bonding, and surface hydration. These properties illuminate the phase behavior of this fusion protein, via the emergence of $β$-sheet character in physiologically-relevant temperature ranges.
description: 53 pages, 7 figures in the main text; Supporting Information contains 1 table, 12 figures, 4 trajectory animations (videos)
Supplementary materials from Habitat complexity influences neuron number in six species of Puerto Rican Anolis
Creators: name: Storks, Levi
name: Garcia, Jessica
name: Perez-Martinez, Christian A.
name: Leal, Manuel
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour
classificationCode: 320999
subject: Neurosciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 520499
subject: Cognitive and computational psychology not elsewhere classified

description: This file contains supplementary methods and results referenced in the main text of the article.
Reduction of Classical Measurement Noise via Quantum-Dense Metrology
Creators: name: Ast, Melanie
name: Steinlechner, Sebastian
name: Schnabel, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum-dense metrology (QDM) constitutes a special case of quantum metrology in which two orthogonal phase space projections of a signal are simultaneously sensed beyond the shot noise limit. Previously it was shown that the additional sensing channel that is provided by QDM contains information that can be used to identify and to discard corrupted segments from the measurement data. Here, we demonstrate a proof-of-principle experiment in which this information is used for improving the sensitivity without discarding any measurement segments. Our measurement reached sub-shot-noise performance although initially strong classical noise polluted the data.
Time-series Doppler images and surface differential rotation of the effectively-single rapidly-rotating K-giant KU Pegasi
Creators: name: Kővári, Zs.
name: Künstler, A.
name: Strassmeier, K. G.
name: Carroll, T. A.
name: Weber, M.
name: Kriskovics, L.
name: Oláh, K.
name: Vida, K.
name: Granzer, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to most stellar dynamo theories, differential rotation (DR) plays a crucial role for the generation of toroidal magnetic fields. Numerical models predict surface differential rotation to be anti-solar for rapidly-rotating giant stars, i.e., their surface angular velocity could increase with stellar latitude. However, surface differential rotation has been derived only for a handful of individual giant stars to date. The spotted surface of the K-giant KU Pegasi is investigated in order to detect its time evolution and quantify surface differential rotation. We present altogether 11 Doppler images from spectroscopic data collected with the robotic telescope STELLA between 2006--2011. All maps are obtained with the surface reconstruction code iMap. Differential rotation is extracted from these images by detecting systematic (latitude-dependent) spot displacements. We apply a cross-correlation technique to find the best differential rotation law. The surface of KU Peg shows cool spots at all latitudes and one persistent warm spot at high latitude. A small cool polar spot exists for most but not all of the epochs. Re-identification of spots in at least two consecutive maps is mostly possible only at mid and high latitudes and thus restricts the differential-rotation determination mainly to these latitudes. Our cross-correlation analysis reveals solar-like differential rotation with a surface shear of $α=+0.040\pm0.006$, i.e., approximately five times weaker than on the Sun. We also derive a more accurate and consistent set of stellar parameters for KU Peg including a small Li abundance of ten times less than solar.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
The VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey XXV. Surface nitrogen abundances of O-type giants and supergiants
Creators: name: Grin, N. J.
name: Ramirez-Agudelo, O. H.
name: de Koter, A.
name: Sana, H.
name: Puls, J.
name: Brott, I.
name: Crowther, P. A.
name: Dufton, P. L.
name: Evans, C. J.
name: Graefener, G.
name: Herrero, A.
name: Langer, N.
name: Lennon, D. J.
name: van Loon, J. Th.
name: Markova, N.
name: de Mink, S. E.
name: Najarro, F.
name: Schneider, F. R. N.
name: Taylor, W. D.
name: Tramper, F.
name: Vink, J. S.
name: Walborn, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretically, rotation-induced chemical mixing in massive stars has far reaching evolutionary consequences, affecting the sequence of morphological phases, lifetimes, nucleosynthesis, and supernova characteristics. Using a sample of 72 presumably single O-type giants to supergiants observed in the context of the VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey (VFTS), we aim to investigate rotational mixing in evolved core-hydrogen burning stars initially more massive than $15\,M_\odot$ by analysing their surface nitrogen abundances. Using stellar and wind properties derived in a previous VFTS study, we constrained the nitrogen abundance by fitting the equivalent widths of relatively strong lines that are sensitive to changes in the abundance of this element. Given the quality of the data, we constrained the nitrogen abundance in 38 cases; for 34 stars only upper limits could be derived, which includes almost all stars rotating at $v_\mathrm{e}\sin i >200\,\mathrm{km s^{-1}}$. We analysed the nitrogen abundance as a function of projected rotation rate $v_\mathrm{e}\sin i$ and confronted it with predictions of rotational mixing. The upper limits on the nitrogen abundance of the rapidly rotating stars are not in apparent violation with theoretical expectations. However, we found a group of N-enhanced slowly-spinning stars that is not in accordance with predictions of rotational mixing in single stars. Among O-type stars with (rotation-corrected) gravities less than $\log\,g_c = 3.75$ this group constitutes 30$-$40 percent of the population. We found a correlation between nitrogen and helium abundance which is consistent with expectations, suggesting that, whatever the mechanism that brings N to the surface, it displays CNO-processed material.
Strangeness at finite temperature from Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn
name: Bellwied, Rene
name: Gunther, Jana
name: Parotto, Paolo
name: Pasztor, Attila
name: Vazquez, Israel Portillo
name: Ratti, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The precision reached by recent lattice QCD results allows for the first time to investigate whether the measured hadronic spectrum is missing some additional strange states, which are predicted by the Quark Model but have not yet been detected. This can be done by comparing some sensitive thermodynamic observables from lattice QCD to the predictions of the Hadron Resonance Gas model (with the inclusion of decays [3]). We propose a set of specific observables, defined as linear combinations of conserved charge fluctuations, which allow to investigate this issue for baryons containing one or more strange quarks separately. Applications of these observables to isolate the multiplicity fluctuations of kaons from lattice QCD, and their comparison with the experimental results, are also discussed.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, contribution to the proceedings of the Strangeness in Quark Matter conference (June 27 to July 1, 2016, Berkeley, CA, USA)
Bound states and field-polarized Haldane modes in a quantum spin ladder
Creators: name: Ward, S.
name: Bouillot, P.
name: Kollath, C.
name: Giamarchi, T.
name: Schmidt, K. P.
name: Normand, B.
name: Krämer, K. W.
name: Biner, D.
name: Bewley, R.
name: Guidi, T.
name: Boehm, M.
name: McMorrow, D. F.
name: Rüegg, Ch.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The challenge of one-dimensional systems is to understand their physics beyond the level of known elementary excitations. By high-resolution neutron spectroscopy in a quantum spin ladder material, we probe the leading multiparticle excitation by characterizing the two-magnon bound state at zero field. By applying high magnetic fields, we create and select the singlet (longitudinal) and triplet (transverse) excitations of the fully spin-polarized ladder, which have not been observed previously and are close analogs of the modes anticipated in a polarized Haldane chain. Theoretical modelling of the dynamical response demonstrates our complete quantitative understanding of these states.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures plus supplementary material 7 pages 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Using technology to reduce critical deterioration (the DETECT study): a cost analysis of care costs at a tertiary children's hospital in the United Kingdom
Creators: name: Costa, Eduardo
name: Mateus, Céu
name: Carter, Bernie
name: Saron, Holly
name: Eyton-Chong, Chin-Kien
name: Mehta, Fulya
name: Lane, Steven
name: Siner, Sarah
name: Dean, Jason
name: Barnes, Michael
name: McNally, Chris
name: Lambert, Caroline
name: Hollingsworth, Bruce
name: Carrol, Enitan D.
name: Sefton, Gerri
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
classificationCode: 110309
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table A1. Description of HRG codes. Table A2. Hospital reported costs for Baseline and Intervention CDE (capped at 90 days and without Covid-19 adjustment). Table A3. National Schedule of NHS Costs (2019-20) - All NHS trusts and NHS foundation trusts. Table A4. Reference Cost Index (100 = national average).
Evolution of electric-field-induced quasibound states and resonances in one-dimensional open quantum systems
Creators: name: Olendski, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comparative analysis of three different time-independent approaches to studying open quantum structures in uniform electric field $\mathscr{E}$ was performed using the example of one-dimensional attractive or repulsive $δ$-potential and surface that supports the Robin boundary condition. The three considered methods exploit different properties of the scattering matrix $S(\mathscr{E};E)$ as a function of energy $E$: its poles, real values, and zeros of the second derivative of its phase. The essential feature of the method of zeroing the resolvent, which produces complex energies, is the unlimited growth of the wave function at infinity, which is, however, eliminated by the time-dependent interpretation. The real energies at which the unitary scattering matrix becomes real correspond to the largest possible distortion, $S=+1$, or its absence at $S=-1$ which in either case leads to the formation of quasibound states. Depending on their response to increasing electric intensity, two types of field-induced positive energy quasibound levels are identified: electron- and hole-like states. Their evolution and interaction in enlarging field lead ultimately to the coalescence of pairs of opposite states, with concomitant divergence of the associated dipole moments in what is construed as an electric breakdown of the structure. The characteristic features of the coalescence fields and energies are calculated and the behavior of the levels in their vicinity is analyzed. Similarities between the different approaches and their peculiarities are highlighted; in particular, for zero-field bound state in limit of vanishing $\mathscr{E}$, all three methods produce same results, with their outcomes deviating from each other according to growing electric intensity.
description: Accepted for publication in Annalen der Physik (Berlin)
Relationship of type III radio bursts with quasi-periodic pulsations in a solar flare
Creators: name: Kupriyanova, E. G.
name: Kashapova, L. K.
name: Reid, H. A. S.
name: Myagkova, I. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied a solar flare with pronounced quasi-periodic pulsations detected in the microwave, X-ray, and radio bands. We used the methods of correlation, Fourier, and wavelet analyses to examine the temporal fine structures and relationships between the time profiles in each wave band. We found that the time profiles of the microwaves, hard X-rays and type III radio bursts vary quasi-periodically with the common period of 40-50 s. The average amplitude of the variations is high, above 30% of the background flux level and reaching 80% after the flare maximum. We did not find the periodicity in either the thermal X-ray flux component or source size dynamics. Our findings indicate that the detected periodicity is likely to be associated with periodic dynamics in the injection of non-thermal electrons, that can be produced by periodic modulation of magnetic reconnection.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Spin-transfer torque in ferromagnetic bilayers generated by anomalous Hall effect and anisotropic magnetoresistance
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Tomohiro
name: Grollier, Julie
name: Stiles, Mark D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an experimental scheme to determine the spin-transfer torque efficiency excited by the spin-orbit interaction in ferromagnetic bilayers from the measurement of the longitudinal magnetoresistace. Solving a diffusive spin-transport theory with appropriate boundary conditions gives an analytical formula of the longitudinal charge current density. The longitudinal charge current has a term that is proportional to the square of the spin-transfer torque efficiency and that also depends on the ratio of the film thickness to the spin diffusion length of the ferromagnet. Extracting this contribution from measurements of the longitudinal resistivity as a function of the thickness can give the spin-transfer torque efficiency.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, conference proceeding of SPIE 2016
International biathlon season during the COVID-19 pandemic was based on frequent on-site PCR-testing protocol with rapid result management
Creators: name: Mjøsund, Katja
name: Ghaleb, Mahinour
name: Kolsrud, Lars
name: Carrabre, Jim
name: Kainzinger, Florian
name: Boehm, Daniel
name: Bitterling, Felix
name: Wolfarth, Bernd
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: COVID-19
subject: biathlon
subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: pandemic
subject: sports event
subject: prevention
subject: respiratory infection
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: 796 Sportarten und Sportspiele

description: The resumption of professional sports during the COVID-19 pandemic has been described in team sports but less in individual sports. The International Biathlon Union implemented a COVID-19 concept for the 2020–2021 season aimed to mitigate the risks of transmission by rules designated for the professional biathlon environment. The “bubble” model was based on regular reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing with rapid results and efficient result management protocol. The objective of this study was report incidence and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among professional biathletes and staff undergoing frequent PCR testing and risk reduction measures during the international season 2020–2021. The efficiency of risk mitigation measures was also evaluated based on the incidence data. During the 4-month season, altogether 22,182 SARS-CoV-2 PCR tests were conducted on all individuals participating in international biathlon season (athletes, team staff and organizing committee). Ninety-six (0.4%) PCR tests were positive and 30% of the positive PCR tests were considered “persistent positive” following recovery from a recent COVID-19 infection. No transmission events were detected following contact with “persistent positive” cases during the season. A great majority of the positive PCR tests were recorded during the first days after arrival in the “bubble”, often in the first entry test taken by the on-site laboratory. In conclusion, a “bubble model” based on frequent PCR testing and hygiene rules was efficient in keeping the infection rate low. The competition activity including international travel was safe, and most of the infections seemed to originate from outside of the “bubble”.
Kernel Phase and Kernel Amplitude in Fizeau Imaging
Creators: name: Pope, Benjamin J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kernel phase interferometry is an approach to high angular resolution imaging which enhances the performance of speckle imaging with adaptive optics. Kernel phases are self-calibrating observables that generalize the idea of closure phases from non-redundant arrays to telescopes with arbitrarily shaped pupils, by considering a matrix-based approximation to the diffraction problem. In this paper I discuss the recent history of kernel phase, in particular in the matrix-based study of sparse arrays, and propose an analogous generalization of the closure amplitude to kernel amplitudes. This new approach can self-calibrate throughput and scintillation errors in optical imaging, which extends the power of kernel phase-like methods to symmetric targets where amplitude and not phase calibration can be a significant limitation, and will enable further developments in high angular resolution astronomy.
description: Accepted MNRAS, 10 pages
Hidden-symmetry-protected quantum pseudo-spin Hall effect in optical lattices
Creators: name: Hou, Jing-Min
name: Chen, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme to realize a new Z_2 topological insulator in a square optical lattice. Different from the conventional topological insulator protected by the time-reversal symmetry, here, the optical lattice possesses a novel hidden symmetry, which is responsible for the present Z_2 topological order. With a properly defined pseudo-spin, such a topological insulator is characterized by the helical edge states which exhibits pseudo-spin-momentum locking, so that it can be considered as a quantum pseudo-spin Hall insulator. The Z_2 topological invariant is derived and its experimental detection is discussed as well.
description: To appear in Physical Review A
Catalogue and Properties of δ Scuti Stars in Binaries
Creators: name: Liakos, Alexios
name: Niarchos, Panagiotis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The catalogue contains 199 confirmed cases of binary systems containing at least one pulsating component of δ Scuti type. The sample is divided into subgroups in order to describe the properties and characteristics of the δ Sct type stars in binaries according to their Roche geometry. Demographics describing quantitatively our knowledge for these systems as well as the distributions of their pulsating components in the Mass-Radius, Colour-Magnitude and Evolutionary Status-Temperature diagrams are presented and discussed. It is shown that a threshold of ~13 days of the orbital period regarding the influence of binarity on the pulsations is established. Finally, the correlations between the pulsation periods and the orbital periods, evolutionary status, and companion's gravity influence are updated based on the largest sample to date.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables
Magnetic structure of the noncentrosymmetric heavy-fermion superconductor CePt3Si
Creators: name: Fak, B.
name: Enderle, M.
name: Lapertot, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have determined the magnetic structure of the noncentrosymmetric heavy-fermion superconductor CePt3Si using elastic polarized neutron scattering with field-projected (longitudinal) XYZ polarization analysis. We find that the magnetic moment has components both in the tetragonal basal plane and along the tetragonal four-fold axis. Such a magnetic structure is not symmetry-allowed if the magnetic phase transition is second order, and may imply that CePt3Si has lower symmetry in the superconducting state than originally thought.
description: 4 pages, 0 figures
Additional file 3 of Evaluation of the performance of the IFN-γ release assay in bovine tuberculosis free herds from five European countries
Creators: name: Gomez-Buendia, Alberto
name: Romero, Beatriz
name: Bezos, Javier
name: Saez, José Luis
name: Archetti, Ivonne
name: Pacciarini, Maria Lodovica
name: Boschiroli, Maria Laura
name: Girard, Sébastien
name: Gutu, Emanuela
name: Barbuceanu, Florica
name: Karaoulani, Ourania
name: Stournara, Athanasia
name: de Juan, Lucia
name: Alvarez, Julio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3: Distribution of reactors depending on the age by region and production type.
Three-dimensional simulations of gravitationally confined detonations compared to observations of SN 1991T
Creators: name: Seitenzahl, Ivo R.
name: Kromer, Markus
name: Ohlmann, Sebastian T.
name: Ciaraldi-Schoolmann, Franco
name: Marquardt, Kai
name: Fink, Michael
name: Hillebrandt, Wolfgang
name: Pakmor, Ruediger
name: Roepke, Friedrich K.
name: Ruiter, Ashley J.
name: Sim, Stuart A.
name: Taubenberger, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitationally confined detonation (GCD) model has been proposed as a possible explosion mechanism for Type Ia supernovae in the single-degenerate evolution channel. Driven by buoyancy, a deflagration flame rises in a narrow cone towards the surface. For the most part, the flow of the expanding ashes remains radial, but upon reaching the outer, low-pressure layers of the white dwarf, an additional lateral component develops. This makes the deflagration ashes converge again at the opposite side, where the compression heats fuel and a detonation may be launched. To test the GCD explosion model, we perform a 3D simulation for a model with an ignition spot offset near the upper limit of what is still justifiable, 200 km. This simulation meets our deliberately optimistic detonation criteria and we initiate a detonation. The detonation burns through the white dwarf and leads to its complete disruption. We determine nucleosynthetic yields by post-processing 10^6 tracer particles with a 384 nuclide reaction network and we present multi-band light curves and time-dependent optical spectra. We find that our synthetic observables show a prominent viewing-angle sensitivity in UV and blue bands, which is in tension with observed SNe Ia. The strong dependence on viewing-angle is caused by the asymmetric distribution of the deflagration ashes in the outer ejecta layers. Finally, we perform a comparison of our model to SN 1991T. The overall flux-level of the model is slightly too low and the model predicts pre-maximum light spectral features due to Ca, S, and Si that are too strong. Furthermore, the model chemical abundance stratification qualitatively disagrees with recent abundance tomography results in two key areas: our model lacks low velocity stable Fe and instead has copious amounts of high-velocity 56Ni and stable Fe. We therefore do not find good agreement of the model with SN 1991T.
description: 11 pages, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Additional file 1 of Comorbidity in incident osteoarthritis cases and matched controls using electronic health record data
Creators: name: Kamps, Anne
name: Runhaar, Jos
name: de Ridder, Maria A. J.
name: de Wilde, Marcel
name: van der Lei, Johan
name: Zhang, Weiya
name: Prieto-Alhambra, Daniel
name: Englund, Martin
name: de Schepper, Evelien I. T.
name: Bierma-Zeinstra, Sita M. A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 19999
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Disease definitions: ICPC codes that were used to define osteoarthritis and each comorbidity.
Data from: The biogeographic history of neosuchian crocodiles and the impact of saltwater tolerance variability
Creators: name: Groh, Sebastian
name: Upchurch, Paul
name: Day, Julia J
name: Barrett, Paul M
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: transoceanic dispersal
BioGeoBEARS
Eusuchia

description: Extant neosuchian crocodiles are represented by only 24 taxa that are confined to the tropics and subtropics. However, at other intervals during their 200 million-year evolutionary history, the clade reached considerably higher levels of species-richness, matched by more widespread distributions. Neosuchians have occupied numerous habitats and niches, ranging from dwarf riverine forms to large marine predators. Despite numerous previous studies, several unsolved questions remain with respect to their biogeographic history, including the geographic origins of major groups, e.g., Eusuchia and Neosuchia itself. We carried out the most comprehensive biogeographic analysis of Neosuchia to date, based on a multivariate K-means clustering approach followed by the application of two ancestral area estimation methods (BioGeoBEARS and Bayesian Ancestral Location Estimation) applied to two recently published phylogenies. Our results placed the origin of Neosuchia in north-western Pangaea, with subsequent radiations into Gondwana. Eusuchia probably emerged in the European archipelago during the Late Jurassic/Early Cretaceous, followed by dispersal to the North American and Asian landmasses. We show that putative transoceanic dispersal events are statistically significantly less likely to happen in alligatoroids. This finding is consistent with the saltwater intolerant physiology of extant alligatoroids, bolstering inferences of such intolerance in their ancestral lineages.
description: Funding provided by: Natural Environment Research Council
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000270
Award Number: NE/L002485/1
description: For methodological details, see Groh, S.S., Upchurch, P., Barrett, P.M. and Day, J.J., 2023. The biogeographic history of neosuchian crocodiles and the impact of saltwater tolerant/intolerant physiologies [under review].
Model of fragmentation of the exciton inner ring in semiconductor quantum wells
Creators: name: Chernyuk, A. A.
name: Sugakov, V. I.
name: Tomylko, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The appearance of the non-homogeneous structures of the indirect exciton density distribution in the region of the quantum well (in the region of the inner ring) is explained. The structure (the fragmentation) occurs due to the exciton condensed phase formation because of interaction between excitons. The formation of the structure is related with the non-equalibrity of the system, which is caused by the exciton finite lifetime and the presence of the pumpimg. The structure emerges in the shape of a set of islands or circles of the condensed phase. The structure type depends on the pumping intensity, the size of the laser spot and disappears with increasing the temperature. The merging of two structures, created by different laser spots, is investigated at decreasing the distance between the centers of the spots.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 2 of Comorbidity in incident osteoarthritis cases and matched controls using electronic health record data
Creators: name: Kamps, Anne
name: Runhaar, Jos
name: de Ridder, Maria A. J.
name: de Wilde, Marcel
name: van der Lei, Johan
name: Zhang, Weiya
name: Prieto-Alhambra, Daniel
name: Englund, Martin
name: de Schepper, Evelien I. T.
name: Bierma-Zeinstra, Sita M. A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 19999
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 2. Results of the main analysis: prevalence (per 1000 persons), age & sex adjusted odds ratios with 99.9% confidence intervals and P-values of all comorbidities, assessed over the entire available medical history in the IPCI database.
Additional file 3 of Comorbidity in incident osteoarthritis cases and matched controls using electronic health record data
Creators: name: Kamps, Anne
name: Runhaar, Jos
name: de Ridder, Maria A. J.
name: de Wilde, Marcel
name: van der Lei, Johan
name: Zhang, Weiya
name: Prieto-Alhambra, Daniel
name: Englund, Martin
name: de Schepper, Evelien I. T.
name: Bierma-Zeinstra, Sita M. A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 19999
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 3. Results of the sensitivity analysis: age & sex adjusted odds ratios with 99.9% confidence intervals and P-values of all comorbidities, assessed within the period of 1 year prior to the index date.
Employing traditional machine learning algorithms for big data streams analysis: the case of object trajectory prediction
Creators: name: Valsamis, Angelos
name: Tserpes, Konstantinos
name: Zissis, Dimitrios
name: Anagnostopoulos, Dimosthenis
name: Varvarigou, Theodora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we model the trajectory of sea vessels and provide a service that predicts in near-real time the position of any given vessel in 4', 10', 20' and 40' time intervals. We explore the necessary tradeoffs between accuracy, performance and resource utilization are explored given the large volume and update rates of input data. We start with building models based on well-established machine learning algorithms using static datasets and multi-scan training approaches and identify the best candidate to be used in implementing a single-pass predictive approach, under real-time constraints. The results are measured in terms of accuracy and performance and are compared against the baseline kinematic equations. Results show that it is possible to efficiently model the trajectory of multiple vessels using a single model, which is trained and evaluated using an adequately large, static dataset, thus achieving a significant gain in terms of resource usage while not compromising accuracy.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables, 31 references
Proposal for an Integrated Raman-free Correlated Photon Source
Creators: name: Blay, Daniel R.
name: Helt, L. G.
name: Steel, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81V80

description: We propose a dual-pump third-order nonlinear scheme for producing pairs of correlated photons that is less susceptible to Raman noise than typical spontaneous four wave mixing methods (SFWM). Beginning with the full multimode Hamiltonian we derive a general expression for the joint spectral amplitude, from which the probability of producing a pair of photons can be calculated. As an example, we demonstrate that a probability of 0.028 pairs per pulse can be achieved in an appropriately designed fused silica microfiber. As compared with single pump SFWM in standard fiber, we calculate that our process shows significant suppression of the spontaneous Raman scattering and an improvement in the signal to noise ratio.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures (two containing 2 subfigures)
Additional file 1 of Establishing clinically meaningful within-individual improvement thresholds for eight patient-reported outcome measures in people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Greene, Nupur
name: Quéré, Stéphane
name: Bury, Denise P.
name: Mazerolle, Flora
name: M’Hari, Manal
name: Loubert, Angély
name: Regnault, Antoine
name: Higuchi, Keiko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 19999
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Empirical cumulative distribution functions (eCDFs) for change in PRO scores where anchor variables were available. A MSIS-29 v2 physical impact; B MSIS-29 v2 psychological impact C FSMC Cognitive Score; D FSMC Motor Score E FSMC Total Score; F MSPS Total Score G MSNQ. Fig. S2. Responders for A multi-item and B single-item PROs using recommended meaningful within-individual improvement thresholds. Table S1. Correlation coefficients between change in anchor variables and the change in the corresponding PRO scores.
HD 179821 (V1427 Aql, IRAS 19114+0002) -- A Massive Post-Red Supergiant Star?
Creators: name: Sahin, Timur
name: Lambert, David L.
name: Klochkova, Valentina G.
name: Panchuk, Vladimir E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have derived elemental abundances of a remarkable star, HD 179821, with unusual composition (e.g. [Na/Fe]=1.0$\pm$0.2 dex) and extra-ordinary spectral characteristics. Its metallicity at [Fe/H]=0.4 dex places it among the most metal-rich stars yet analyzed. The abundance analysis of this luminous star is based on high resolution and high quality (S/N$\approx$120--420) optical echelle spectra from McDonald Observatory and Special Astronomy Observatory. The data includes five years of observations over twenty-one epochs. Standard 1D {\sc LTE} analysis provides a fresh determination of the atmospheric parameters over all epochs: \Teff = 7350$\pm$200 \kelvin, \logg = +0.6$\pm$0.3, and a microturbulent velocity $ξ=$ 6.6$\pm$1.6 km s$^{\rm -1}$ and [Fe/H] = 0.4$\pm$0.2, and a carbon abundance [C/Fe]= $-$0.19$\pm$0.30. We find oxygen abundance [O/Fe]= $-$0.25$\pm$0.28 and an enhancement of 0.9 dex in N. A supersonic macroturbulent velocity of 22.0 $\pm$ 2.0 km s$^{\rm -1}$ is determined from both strong and weak Fe\,{\sc i} and Fe\,{\sc ii} lines. Elemental abundances are obtained for 22 elements. HD 179821 is not enriched in s-process products. Eu is overabundant relative to the anticipated [X/Fe] $\approx$ 0.0. Some peculiarities of its optical spectrum (e.g. variability in the spectral line shapes) is noticed. This includes the line profile variations for H$α$ line. Based on its estimated luminosity, effective temperature and surface gravity, HD 179821 is a massive star evolving to become a red supergiant and finally a Type II supernova.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Spin diffusion and torques in disordered antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Manchon, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a drift-diffusion equation of spin transport in collinear bipartite metallic antiferromagnets. Starting from a model tight-binding Hamiltonian, we obtain the quantum kinetic equation within Keldysh formalism and expand it to the lowest order in spatial gradient using Wigner expansion method. In the diffusive limit, these equations track the spatio-temporal evolution of the spin accumulations and spin currents on each sublattice of the antiferromagnet. We use these equations to address the nature of spin transfer torque in (i) a spin-valve composed of a ferromagnet and an antiferromagnet, (ii) a metallic bilayer consisting in an antiferromagnet adjacent to a heavy metal possessing spin Hall effect, and in (ii) a single antiferromagnet possessing spin Hall effect. We show that the latter can experience a self-torque thanks to the non-vanishing spin Hall effect in the antiferromagnet.
description: 15 pages, 2 Figures
Gravitational action with null boundaries
Creators: name: Lehner, Luis
name: Myers, Robert C.
name: Poisson, Eric
name: Sorkin, Rafael D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a complete discussion of the boundary term in the action functional of general relativity when the boundary includes null segments in addition to the more usual timelike and spacelike segments. We confirm that ambiguities appear in the contribution from a null segment, because it depends on an arbitrary choice of parametrization for the generators. We also show that similar ambiguities appear in the contribution from a codimension-two surface at which a null segment is joined to another (spacelike, timelike, or null) segment. The parametrization ambiguity can be tamed by insisting that the null generators be affinely parametrized; this forces each null contribution to the boundary action to vanish, but leaves intact the fredom to rescale the affine parameter by a constant factor on each generator. Once a choice of parametrization is made, the ambiguity in the joint contributions can be eliminated by formulating well-motivated rules that ensure the additivity of the gravitational action. Enforcing these rules, we calculate the time rate of change of the action when it is evaluated for a so-called "Wheeler-deWitt patch" of a black hole in asymptotically-anti de Sitter space. We recover a number of results cited in the literature, obtained with a less complete analysis.
description: 45 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 1 of OsmiR159 Modulate BPH Resistance Through Regulating G-Protein γ Subunit GS3 Gene in Rice
Creators: name: Shen, Yanjie
name: Yang, Guiqiang
name: Miao, Xuexia
name: Shi, Zhenying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary figures.
Experimental generation of a high-fidelity four-photon linear cluster state
Creators: name: Zhang, Chao
name: Huang, Yun-Feng
name: Liu, Bi-Heng
name: Li, Chuan-Feng
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cluster state plays a crucial role in the one-way quantum computation. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a new scheme to prepare an ultrahigh-fidelity four-photon linear cluster state via spontaneous parametric down-conversion process. The state fidelity is measured to be $0.9517\pm0.0027$. Our scheme can be directly extended to more photons to generate N-qubit linear cluster state. Furthermore, our scheme is optimal for generating photonic linear cluster states in the sense of achieving the maximal success probability and having the simplest strategy. The key idea is that the photon pairs are prepared in some special non-maximally entangled states instead of the normal Bell states. To generate a 2N-qubit linear cluster state from N pairs of entangled photons, only (N-1) Hong-Ou-Mandel interferences are needed and a success probability of $(\frac{1}{4})^{N-1}$ is achieved.
Additional file 1 of The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on contraceptive methods, abortion, and unintended pregnancy: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Rezaei, Fatemeh
name: Amiri-Farahani, Leila
name: Haghani, Shima
name: Pezaro, Sally
name: Behmanesh, Fereshteh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 19999
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
classificationCode: 110309
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional File 1: Frequency distribution of allocation of a proportion of selected urban and rural centers of Babol city
Overview of studies with additional information from Cross-societal variation in norm enforcement systems: a review
Creators: name: Molho, Catherine
name: Petrillo, Francesca De
name: Garfield, Zachary
name: Slewe, Sam
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: Overview of reviewed studies, including additional details on the societies and samples investigated, the methods and punishment measures employed, and the socio-ecological or cultural dimensions considered.
Nuclear recoil corrections to the Lamb shift of hydrogen and light hydrogen-like ions
Creators: name: Yerokhin, V. A.
name: Shabaev, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate calculations of the nuclear recoil effect to the Lamb shift of hydrogen-like atoms are presented. Numerical results are reported for the $ns$ states with $n \leq 5$ and for the $2p_{1/2}$ and $2p_{3/2}$ states. The calculations are performed to the first order in the electron-nucleus mass ratio and to all orders in the nuclear binding strength parameter $Zα$ (where $Z$ is the nuclear charge number and $α$ is the fine structure constant). The obtained results provide accurate predictions for the higher-order remainder beyond the known $Zα$-expansion terms. In the case of hydrogen, the remainder was found to be much larger than anticipated. This result resolves the previously reported disagreement between the numerical all-order and the analytical $Zα$-expansion approaches for the nuclear recoil effect in the hydrogen Lamb shift.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1511.04394
«Digital Balance» - Separating work and private life
Creators: name: Widler, Julia
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Digital Balance
subject: 150 - Psychologie
subject: 330 - Wirtschaft

description: Online presentation at Swisscom abount «Digital Balance» - Separating work and private life.