cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Primacy and recency effects as indices of the focus of attention
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: working memory
focus of attention
primacy and recency effects
phonological rehearsal
medial temporal lobe

description: Ongoing debate surrounds the capacity and characteristics of the focus of attention. The present study investigates whether a pattern of larger recency effects and smaller primacy effects reported in previous working memory studies is specific to task conditions used in those studies, or generalizes across manipulations of task-demand. Two experiments varied task-demands by requiring participants to remember lists of letters and to then respond to a subsequent two-item probe by indicating either the item that was presented later in the list (judgment of recency) or the item was presented earlier (judgment of primacy). Analyses tested the prediction that a WM task emphasizing later items in a list (judgment of recency) would encourage exaggerated recency effects and attenuated primacy effects, while a task emphasizing earlier items (judgment of primacy) would encourage exaggerated primacy effects and attenuated recency effects. Behavioral results from two experiments confirmed this prediction. In contrast to past studies, fMRI contrasts revealed no brain regions where activity was significantly altered by the presence of recency items in the probe, for either task condition. However, presence of the primacy item in the probe significantly influenced activity in frontal lobe brain regions linked to active maintenance, but the location and direction of activation changes varied as a function of task instructions. In sum, two experiments demonstrate that the behavioral and neural signatures of WM, specifically related to primacy and recency effects, are dependent on task-demands. Findings are discussed as they inform models of the structure and capacity of WM. © 2014 Morrison, Conway and Chein.
Do 1/r potentials require massless particles ?
Creators: name: Consoli, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-range 1/r potentials play a fundamental role in physics. Their ultimate origin is usually traced back to the existence of genuine massless particles as photons or gravitons related to fundamental properties of continuum quantum field theories such as gauge invariance. In this Letter, it is argued that, in principle, an asymptotic, infinitesimally weak 1/r potential might also occur in the cutoff version of a simple, one-component spontaneously broken Φ^4 theory, after taking into account the peculiar nature of the zero-momentum limit of the connected scalar propagator. Physical interpretation, phenomenological implications and proposals for a new generation of lattice simulations are also discussed.
description: 13 Pages. To appear in Physics Letters B
Semiconformal symmetry- A new symmetry of the spacetime manifold of the general relativity
Creators: name: Ali, Musavvir
name: Pundeer, Naeem Ahmad
name: Ahsan, Zafar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53A45, 53C25, 53C50, 83C20, 83C22, 83C50

description: In this paper we have introduced a new symmetry property of spacetime which is named as semiconformal curvature collineation, and its relationship with other known symmetry properties has been established. This new symmetry property of the spacetime has also been studied for non-null and null electromagnetic fields.
Additional file 1 of Lamin C is required to establish genome organization after mitosis
Creators: name: Wong, Xianrong
name: Hoskins, Victoria E.
name: Melendez-Perez, Ashley J.
name: Harr, Jennifer C.
name: Gordon, Molly
name: Reddy, Karen L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Contains all supplemental figures
A local algorithm and its percolation analysis of bipartite $z$-matching problem
Creators: name: Zhao, Jin-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A $z$-matching on a bipartite graph is a set of edges, among which each vertex of two types of the graph is adjacent to at most $1$ and at most $z$ ($\geqslant 1$) edges, respectively. The $z$-matching problem concerns finding $z$-matchings with the maximum size. Our approach to this combinatorial optimization problem is twofold. From an algorithmic perspective, we adopt a local algorithm as a linear approximate solver to find $z$-matchings on any graph instance, whose basic component is a generalized greedy leaf removal procedure in graph theory. From a theoretical perspective, on uncorrelated random bipartite graphs, we develop a mean-field theory for percolation phenomenon underlying the local algorithm, leading to an analytical estimation of $z$-matching sizes on random graphs. Our analytical theory corrects the prediction by belief propagation algorithm at zero-temperature limit in (Kreačić and Bianconi 2019 \textsl{EPL} \textbf{126} 028001). Besides, our theoretical framework extends a core percolation analysis of $k$-XORSAT problems to a general context of uncorrelated random hypergraphs with arbitrary degree distributions of factor and variable nodes.
description: 32 pages, including 7 figures and 2 tables
Picturing perspectives: Development of perspective-taking abilities in 4- to 8-year-olds
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: cognitive development
spatial cognition
perspective taking
child
viewpoint
reference frame

description: Although the development of perspective taking has been well researched, there is no uniform methodology for assessing this ability across a wide age span when frames of reference conflict. To address this gap, we created scenes of toy photographers taking pictures of layouts of objects from different angles, and presented them to 4- to 8-year-olds (N = 80). Children were asked to choose which one of four pictures could have been taken from a specific viewpoint. Results showed that this new technique confirmed the classic pattern of developmental progress on this kind of spatial skill: (1) 4-year-olds responded near chance level, regardless of layout complexity, (2) there was a growing ability to inhibit egocentric choices around age 6 with layouts of low complexity (one object), (3) performance increased and egocentric responses decreased dramatically around age 7, (4) even at age 8, children still showed considerable individual variability. This perspective taking task can thus be used to address important questions about the supports for early spatial development and the structure of early intellect. © 2014 Frick, Möhring and Newcombe.
Canonisation and Definability for Graphs of Bounded Rank Width
Creators: name: Grohe, Martin
name: Neuen, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the combinatorial Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm of dimension $(3k+4)$ is a complete isomorphism test for the class of all graphs of rank width at most $k$. Rank width is a graph invariant that, similarly to tree width, measures the width of a certain style of hierarchical decomposition of graphs; it is equivalent to clique width. It was known that isomorphism of graphs of rank width $k$ is decidable in polynomial time (Grohe and Schweitzer, FOCS 2015), but the best previously known algorithm has a running time $n^{f(k)}$ for a non-elementary function $f$. Our result yields an isomorphism test for graphs of rank width $k$ running in time $n^{O(k)}$. Another consequence of our result is the first polynomial time canonisation algorithm for graphs of bounded rank width. Our second main result is that fixed-point logic with counting captures polynomial time on all graph classes of bounded rank width.
description: 32 pages, 2 figures; second version corrects a small error in the proof of Theorem 1.1 and improves the presentation
Photosynthetic carbon from algal symbionts peaks during the latter stages of embryonic development in the salamander Ambystoma maculatum
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Ambystoma
Animals
Carbon
Chlorophyta
Embryo, Nonmammalian
Life Cycle Stages
Photosynthesis
Symbiosis
Time Factors

description: © 2014 Graham et al. Background: It was recently discovered that symbiotic algae in the eggs of the salamander Ambystoma maculatum translocate fixed carbon from photosynthesis to developing embryos. Fixed carbon translocation was shown in embryos at one time point during development, however, it was unknown if fixed carbon translocation occurs throughout all developmental stages. Findings: In this study, fixed carbon translocation was measured in salamander eggs at six time points over the latter half of development. Fixed carbon translocation did not occur until the middle tailbud portion of development (stages 26-30), and translocation was measured in 20% or less of eggs sampled. Peak carbon translocation occurred during the late tailbud phase of development (stages 31-35), where as much as 87% of eggs sampled showed translocation, and average percent translocation was 6.5%. During the final stages of development, fixed carbon translocation declined, and translocation was not detected in embryos five days prior to hatching. Conclusions: The onset of fixed carbon translocation from Oophila to A. maculatum embryos during the second half of embryonic development is likely due to the corresponding settlement and concentration of Oophila in the inner egg envelope. In addition, carbon translocation ceases in late stage embryos as the inner egg envelope thins and ruptures in preparation for hatching.
Additional file 2 of Lamin C is required to establish genome organization after mitosis
Creators: name: Wong, Xianrong
name: Hoskins, Victoria E.
name: Melendez-Perez, Ashley J.
name: Harr, Jennifer C.
name: Gordon, Molly
name: Reddy, Karen L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Contains images of full western blots
Topological Quantum Image Analysis
Creators: name: Chapline, George
name: DuBois, Jonathan L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new approach to analyzing visual images is proposed, based on the idea of converting an optical image into a spatially varying pattern of polarized squeezed light, which is then used to produce a pattern of chiral edge currents in a thin film topological insulator. Thin films of Bi or Bi doped with Sb which are punctured with an array of sub-micron holes may be a way of realizing this kind of optical quantum information processing.
PaTH: Towards a learning health system in the Mid-Atlantic region
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: I2B2
clinical data research network (CDRN)
distributed cohort query
electronic health records (EHRs)
patient reported outcomes (PROs)
patient-centered outcomes research (PCORI)
Computer Communication Networks
Electronic Health Records
Humans
Information Dissemination
Medical Record Linkage
Mid-Atlantic Region
Outcome Assessment, Health Care
Patient-Centered Care

description: The PaTH (University of Pittsburgh/UPMC, Penn State College of Medicine, Temple University Hospital, and Johns Hopkins University) clinical data research network initiative is a collaborative effort among four academic health centers in the Mid-Atlantic region. PaTH will provide robust infrastructure to conduct research, explore clinical outcomes, link with biospecimens, and improve methods for sharing and analyzing data across our diverse populations. Our disease foci are idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, atrial fibrillation, and obesity. The four network sites have extensive experience in using data from electronic health records and have devised robust methods for patient outreach and recruitment. The network will adopt best practices by using the opensource data-sharing tool, Informatics for Integrating Biology and the Bedside (i2b2), at each site to enhance data sharing using centrally defined common data elements, and will use the Shared Health Research Information Network (SHRINE) for distributed queries across the network.
A comprehensive study of the 26th December 2004 Sumatra earthquake: possible implications on Earth rotation and
investigations on the coseismic and postseismic stress diffusion associated with the seismic rupture
Creators: name: Pisani, Anna Rita <1973>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: GEO/10 Geofisica della terra solida

description: In this work a multidisciplinary study of the December 26th, 2004 Sumatra
earthquake has been carried out. We have investigated both the effect of the
earthquake on the Earth rotation and the stress field variations associated
with the seismic event.
In the first part of the work we have quantified the effects of a water
mass redistribution associated with the propagation of a tsunami wave on the
Earth’s pole path and on the length-of-day (LOD) and applied our modeling
results to the tsunami following the 2004 giant Sumatra earthquake. We
compared the result of our simulations on the instantaneous rotational axis
variations with some preliminary instrumental evidences on the pole path
perturbation (which has not been confirmed yet) registered just after the
occurrence of the earthquake, which showed a step-like discontinuity that
cannot be attributed to the effect of a seismic dislocation.
Our results show that the perturbation induced by the tsunami on the
instantaneous rotational pole is characterized by a step-like discontinuity,
which is compatible with the observations but its magnitude turns out to be
almost one hundred times smaller than the detected one. The LOD variation
induced by the water mass redistribution turns out to be not significant because the total effect is smaller than current measurements uncertainties.
In the second part of this work of thesis we modeled the coseismic and
postseismic stress evolution following the Sumatra earthquake. By means of
a semi-analytical, viscoelastic, spherical model of global postseismic deformation
and a numerical finite-element approach, we performed an analysis
of the stress diffusion following the earthquake in the near and far field of
the mainshock source. We evaluated the stress changes due to the Sumatra
earthquake by projecting the Coulomb stress over the sequence of aftershocks
taken from various catalogues in a time window spanning about two years
and finally analyzed the spatio-temporal pattern.
The analysis performed with the semi-analytical and the finite-element
modeling gives a complex picture of the stress diffusion, in the area under
study, after the Sumatra earthquake. We believe that the results obtained
with the analytical method suffer heavily for the restrictions imposed, on the
hypocentral depths of the aftershocks, in order to obtain the convergence of
the harmonic series of the stress components. On the contrary we imposed no
constraints on the numerical method so we expect that the results obtained
give a more realistic description of the stress variations pattern.
Max Weber: ville et capitalisme moderne
Creators: name: Bruhns, Hinnerk
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Firenze
Year: 2014

description: Max Weber’s essay on The City, published after his death, has often been interpreted as a contribution to urban sociology or as a plea for ‘communal liberty’. The present article comes back to the reception of the text, examines it on the background of the research on urban problems at the time of Weber and insists on the strong relation of The City with the detailed analysis of the oriental city in The Economic Ethics of World Religions. Analysing these different contexts and Weber’s argumentation which is focalized on the Stadtwirtschaftspolitik as Verbandshandeln (urban economic policy as activity of a corporate group) enables to clarify the nature and the purpose of Weber’s unfinished essay. It extends the questioning of The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, investigating into the rationalization of economic life conducts and institutions in a certain type of medieval towns whose structural conditions had favoured the emergence of the rational capitalism of enterprise and of the modern state.
description: SocietàMutamentoPolitica, Vol 5, N° 9 (2014): 1864-2014 – Max Weber: a Contemporary Sociologist
Almost formality of manifolds of low dimension
Creators: name: Fiorenza, Domenico
name: Kawai, Kotaro
name: Lê, Hông Vân
name: Schwachhöfer, Lorenz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we introduce the notion of Poincaré DGCAs of Hodge type, which is a subclass of Poincaré DGCAs encompassing the de Rham algebras of closed orientable manifolds. Then we introduce the notion of the small algebra and the small quotient algebra of a Poincaré DGCA of Hodge type. Using these concepts, we investigate the equivalence class of $(r-1)$ connected $(r>1)$ Poincaré DGCAs of Hodge type. In particular, we show that a $(r-1)$ connected Poincaré DGCA of Hodge type ${\mathcal A}^\ast$ of dimension $n \le 5r-3$ is $A_\infty$-quasi-isomorphic to an $A_3$-algebra and prove that the only obstruction to the formality of ${\mathcal A}^\ast$ is a distinguished Harrison cohomology class $[μ_3] \in {\mathsf{Harr}}^{3,-1} (H^*({\mathcal A}^\ast), H^*({\mathcal A}^\ast))$. Moreover, the cohomology class $[μ_3]$ and the DGCA isomorphism class of $H^*({\mathcal A}^\ast)$ determine the $A_\infty$-quasi-isomorphism class of ${\mathcal A}^\ast$. This can be seen as a Harrison cohomology version of the Crowley-Nordström results [D. Crowley, J. Nordström, The rational homotopy type of $(n-1)$-connected manifolds of dimension up to $5n-3$, arXiv:1505.04184v2] on rational homotopy type of $(r-1)$-connected $(r>1)$ closed manifolds of dimension up to $5r-3$. We also derive the almost formality of closed $G_2$-manifolds, which have been discovered recently by Chan-Karigiannis-Tsang in [K.F. Chan, S. Karigiannis and C.C. Tsang, The ${\mathcal L}_B$-cohomology on compact torsion-free ${\rm G}_2$ manifolds and an application to `almost' formality, arXiv:1801.06410, to appear in Ann. Global Anal. Geom.], from our results and the Cheeger-Gromoll splitting theorem.
description: A couple of possibly confusing typos have been corrected: in the Introduction an occurrence of $A_\infty$ should have been $C_\infty$ (or $Comm_\infty$); immediately after equation (4.1) an index $k$ should have been $r$ instead
Nuclear spin relaxation in methane gas
Creators: name: Beckmann, Peter Adrian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Nuclear spin relaxation in low density methane gas (CH₄) is investigated both experimentally and theoretically. The 30 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance experiments were performed at temperatures of 77K, 110K, 150K and 295K over a density range of 0.0046 to 0.040, 0.008 to 2.0, 0.006 to 6.0 and 0.006 to 17 amagat, respectively. The recovery of the observed magnetization could be characterized by a single relaxation rate to within experimental error. The manner in which the relaxation rate is extracted from the data, along with a statistical and (known) systematic error is discussed in detail. A theory is developed in which the Fermi-Dirac statistics of the nuclear spins (protons) and the centrifugal distortion of the molecule play a central role. The calculations imply that, in general, the relaxation should be non-exponential. At nuclear Larmor frequencies coincident with molecular centrifugal distortion frequencies, an observable departure from exponential relaxation is predicted by the calculations. On the other hand, at 30 MHz, which is well away from centrifugal distortion frequencies, the departure from exponential relaxation is predicted to be too small to be observed. This is consistent with the observed single decay constant. In addition, the magnitudes of the calculated longitudinal relaxation rates are shown to be consistent with experiment. Finally, new experiments are suggested, based on the theory developed, that should unequivocally show the importance of the centrifugal distortion splittings.
p53 status as effect modifier of the association between pre-treatment fasting glucose and breast cancer outcomes in non diabetic, HER2 positive patients treated with trastuzumab
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: p53 status
fasting glucose
HER2 positive breast cancer
trastuzumab

description: Mounting evidence supports the role of p53 in metabolic processes involved in breast carcinogenesis. We investigated whether p53 status affects the association of pre-treatment fasting glucose with treatment outcomes in 106 non diabetic, HER2 positive breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab. p53 status was validated against gene sequencing of selected codons in 49 patients. The Kaplan-Meier method and log rank test were used to compare survival by categories of fasting glucose in the overall population and separate settings. Cox models included age and body mass index. Direct sequencing confirmed the lack of mutations in 73.7% of p53 negative patients and their presence in 53.3% of p53 positive cases. At 66 months, 88.3% of patients with glucose ≤ 89.0 mg/dl (median value) did not experiment disease progression compared with 70.0% in the highest category (p=0.034), with glucose being an independent predictor (p=0.046). Stratified analysis confirmed this association in p53 negative patients only (p=0.01). In the early setting, data suggested longer disease free survival in p53 negative patients in the lowest glucose category (p=0.053). In our study, p53 status acted as effect modifier of the investigated association. This may help differentiate target sub-groups and affect outcomes interpretation in similarly characterized patients.
Joint Detection of Motion Boundaries and Occlusions
Creators: name: Kim, Hannah Halin
name: Yu, Shuzhi
name: Tomasi, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose MONet, a convolutional neural network that jointly detects motion boundaries (MBs) and occlusion regions (Occs) in video both forward and backward in time. Detection is difficult because optical flow is discontinuous along MBs and undefined in Occs, while many flow estimators assume smoothness and a flow defined everywhere. To reason in the two time directions simultaneously, we direct-warp the estimated maps between the two frames. Since appearance mismatches between frames often signal vicinity to MBs or Occs, we construct a cost block that for each feature in one frame records the lowest discrepancy with matching features in a search range. This cost block is two-dimensional, and much less expensive than the four-dimensional cost volumes used in flow analysis. Cost-block features are computed by an encoder, and MB and Occ estimates are computed by a decoder. We found that arranging decoder layers fine-to-coarse, rather than coarse-to-fine, improves performance. MONet outperforms the prior state of the art for both tasks on the Sintel and FlyingChairsOcc benchmarks without any fine-tuning on them.
Quotient Representations of Uniform Tilings
Creators: name: Williams, Gordon
name: Pellicer, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51M20, 20F55, 20B25

description: Given a flag in each of the vertex-transitive tessellations of the Euclidean plane by regular polygons, we determine the flag stabilizer under the action of the automorphism group of a regular cover. In so doing we give a presentation of these tilings as quotients of regular (infinite) polyhedra.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Multiparametric Classification Links Tumor Microenvironments with Tumor Cell Phenotype
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Animals
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Movement
Humans
Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental
Mice, SCID
Neoplasm Invasiveness
Phenotype
Podosomes
Tumor Microenvironment

description: © 2014 Gligorijevic et al. While it has been established that a number of microenvironment components can affect the likelihood of metastasis, the link between microenvironment and tumor cell phenotypes is poorly understood. Here we have examined microenvironment control over two different tumor cell motility phenotypes required for metastasis. By high-resolution multiphoton microscopy of mammary carcinoma in mice, we detected two phenotypes of motile tumor cells, different in locomotion speed. Only slower tumor cells exhibited protrusions with molecular, morphological, and functional characteristics associated with invadopodia. Each region in the primary tumor exhibited either fast- or slow-locomotion. To understand how the tumor microenvironment controls invadopodium formation and tumor cell locomotion, we systematically analyzed components of the microenvironment previously associated with cell invasion and migration. No single microenvironmental property was able to predict the locations of tumor cell phenotypes in the tumor if used in isolation or combined linearly. To solve this, we utilized the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm to classify phenotypes in a nonlinear fashion. This approach identified conditions that promoted either motility phenotype. We then demonstrated that varying one of the conditions may change tumor cell behavior only in a context-dependent manner. In addition, to establish the link between phenotypes and cell fates, we photoconverted and monitored the fate of tumor cells in different microenvironments, finding that only tumor cells in the invadopodium-rich microenvironments degraded extracellular matrix (ECM) and disseminated. The number of invadopodia positively correlated with degradation, while the inhibiting metalloproteases eliminated degradation and lung metastasis, consistent with a direct link among invadopodia, ECM degradation, and metastasis. We have detected and characterized two phenotypes of motile tumor cells in vivo, which occurred in spatially distinct microenvironments of primary tumors. We show how machine-learning analysis can classify heterogeneous microenvironments in vivo to enable prediction of motility phenotypes and tumor cell fate. The ability to predict the locations of tumor cell behavior leading to metastasis in breast cancer models may lead towards understanding the heterogeneity of response to treatment.
Quasar variability limits on cosmological density of cosmic strings
Creators: name: Tuntsov, Artem
name: Pshirkov, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We put robust upper limits on the average cosmological density Ω_s of cosmic strings based on the variability properties of a large homogeneous sample of SDSS quasars. We search for an excess of characteristic variations of quasar brightness that are associated with string lensing and use the observed distribution of this variation to constrain the density of strings. The limits obtained do not invoke any clustering of strings, apply to both open segments and closed loops of strings, usefully extend over a wide range of tensions 10^{-13} < Gμ/c^2 < 10^{-9} and reach down the level of Ω_s=0.01 and below. Further progress in this direction will depend on better understanding of quasar intrinsic variability rather than a mere increase in the volume of data.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, accepted to Phys.Rev.D, no essential changes from v1. Based on the referee's feedback, a paragraph is added that emphasizes the value of the obtained limits to constrain the abundance and reconnection probabilities of fundamental (rather than topological) strings
Solutions Classification to the Extended Reduced Ostrovsky Equation
Creators: name: Stepanyants, Yury
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An alternative to the Parkes' approach [SIGMA 4 (2008) 053, arXiv:0806.3155] is suggested for the solutions categorization to the extended reduced Ostrovsky equation (the exROE in Parkes' terminology). The approach is based on the application of the qualitative theory of differential equations which includes a mechanical analogy with the point particle motion in a potential field, the phase plane method, analysis of homoclinic trajectories and the like. Such an approach is seemed more vivid and free of some restrictions contained in the above mentioned Parkes' paper.
description: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
Odd Radio Circles and their Environment
Creators: name: Norris, Ray P.
name: Crawford, Evan
name: Macgregor, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Odd Radio Circles (ORCs) are unexpected faint circles of diffuse radio emission discovered in recent wide deep radio surveys. They are typically about one arcmin in diameter, and may be spherical shells of synchrotron emission about a million light years in diameter, surrounding galaxies at a redshift of ~0.2-0.6. Here we study the properties and environment of the known ORCs. All three known single ORCs either lie in a significant overdensity or have a close companion. If the ORC is caused by an event in the host galaxy, then the fact that they tend to be in an overdensity, or have a close companion, may indicate that the environment is important in creating the ORC phenomenon, possibly because of an increased ambient density or magnetic field.
description: Published in Special Issue of Galaxies 9(4), 83: "A New Window on the Radio Emission from Galaxies, Galaxy Clusters and Cosmic Web: Current Status and Perspectives", ed. F. Loi & T. Venturi
Masculinity and barebacker identification in men who have sex with men
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Barebacker identity
Barebacking
MSM
Masculinity
Sexual behavior

description: Purpose: Barebacking is a term that is used to refer to intentional involvement in unprotected anal sex. This paper examines the relationship between masculinity and self-identification as a barebacker, and how these factors related to HIV risk practices in a sample of men who have sex with other men (MSM). Method: As part of the Men4Men Study, a brief Internet-based survey was completed in 2007 with English-speaking MSM aged 18+ who were not involved in a marital/romantic relationship at the time of interview. 886 participants were recruited by placing electronic postings and banner advertisements on Weblogs, social and sexual networking sites, and listservs frequented by MSM. Results: A number of factors differentiated men who self-identified as barebackers from those who did not, and barebacking identity was linked with greater involvement in HIV risk practices. Multivariate analysis revealed that having a high level of masculinity was associated with a greater likelihood of self-identifying as a barebacker. Conclusions: HIV prevention and intervention efforts targeting MSM ought to address issues of self-identification as a barebacker as well as the extent to which men adhere to a masculine ideology. © 2014 Wheldon CW, et al.
Equation of state for nuclear matter in relativistic mean-field theory and Maxwellian phase transition to strange quark matter
Creators: name: Alaverdyan, Grigor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Equation of state for superdense nuclear matter is considered in the framework of relativistic mean-field theory, when the scalar-isovector -meson effective field is taken into account, as well. Assuming that the transition to the strange quark matter is a usual first-order phase transition described by Maxwells construction, the changes of the parameters of phase transition caused by the presence of -meson field are investigated. To describe a quark phase the advanced version of the MIT bag model is used, in which the interactions between quarks are taken into account in the one-gluon exchange approximation. For different values of the bag constant B, some series of the equations of the state of matter with deconfinement phase transition are constructed. Also the upper bound, Bcr, corresponding to the unstable state of the infinitizimal quark core in a neutron star is found.
description: 4 pages, 8th Conference Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum,Mainz, Germany, 1-6 September, 2008
Self-oscillations in an Alpha Stirling Engine: a bifurcation analysis
Creators: name: Gromov, Dmitry
name: Castanos, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37C20, 80A20

description: We study a thermo-mechanical system comprised of an alpha Stirling engine and a flywheel from the perspective of dynamical systems theory. Thermodynamics establish a static relation between the flywheel's angle and the forces exerted by the two power pistons that constitute the engine. Mechanics, in turn, provide a dynamic relation between the forces and the angle, ultimately leading to a closed dynamical model. We are interested in the different behaviors that the engine displays as parameters are varied. The temperature of the hot piston and the mechanical phase between both pistons constitute our bifurcation parameters. Considering that energy conversion in the engine can only take place through cyclic motions, we are particularly interested in the appearance of limit cycles.
description: To be submitted
ECO-FRIENDLY CELLOPHANE PRODUCTION: BRIDGING TECHNOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
Creators: name: Sharibaev, N. Yu.
name: Eshboyeva, U.J.
name: Djuraev, Sh. S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Eco-friendly cellophane production represents a crucial intersection of technology and environmental sustainability. This article explores the methods and implications of producing cellophane in an environmentally conscious manner. It examines the historical context of cellophane, current production technologies, the environmental impact of these methods, and future prospects. The emphasis is on innovative techniques that minimize ecological footprints, promote biodegradability, and maintain economic viability. The findings highlight the potential for eco-friendly cellophane to contribute significantly to sustainable packaging solutions.
Der Reichsverweser und die von der Nationalversammlung an ihn gesandten Boten; [1848]
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Provenienz: Schauss, Anton | Einband = 0014/W 2 Hist. 2561
description: Kopftitel
description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Druck von Streng und Schneider in Frankfurt am Main
title: Valor de la difusión en RM como biomarcador para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de pacientes con tumores malignos de cabeza y cuello con adenopatías regionales
Creators: name: Oleaga, Laura
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Head and neck

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
Evaluar la especificidad y la eficacia de la difusión en RM para la estadificación de los tumores de hipofaringe ,
orofaringe y cavidad oral con metástasis en ganglios linfáticos regionales. Calcular y comparar los valores de ADC en el tumor...
Chemical Composition of Extremely Metal-Poor Stars in the Sextans Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
Creators: name: Aoki, W.
name: Arimoto, N.
name: Sadakane, K.
name: Tolstoy, E.
name: Battaglia, G.
name: Jablonka, P.
name: Shetrone, M.
name: Letarte, B.
name: Irwin, M.
name: Hill, V.
name: Francois, P.
name: Venn, K.
name: Primas, F.
name: Helmi, A.
name: Kaufer, A.
name: Tafelmeyer, M.
name: Szeifert, T.
name: Babusiaux, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chemical abundances of six extremely metal-poor ([Fe/H]
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 6 tables, A&A, in press
New Lower Bounds for Optimal Horoball Packing Density in Hyperbolic $n$-space for $6 \leq n \leq 9$
Creators: name: Kozma, Robert T.
name: Szirmai, Jenő
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C17, 52C22, 52B15

description: Koszul type Coxeter simplex tilings exist in hyperbolic $n$-space $\mathbb{H}^n$ up to $ n = 9$, and their horoball packings achieve the highest known regular ball packing densities for $n = 3, 4, 5$. In this paper we determine the optimal horoball packing densities of Koszul simplex tilings in dimensions $6 \leq n \leq 9$, which give new lower bounds for optimal packing density in each dimension. The symmetries of the packings are given by Coxeter simplex groups, and a parameter related to the Busemann function gives an isometry invariant description of different optimal horoball packing configurations.
description: 16 Pages, 6 Tables, 1 Figure. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1809.05411, arXiv:1401.6084
title: Radiología Intervencionista: Manual de instrucciones básico para residentes
Creators: name: Belda Gonzalez, Isabel
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Teleradiology
subject: Instrumentation
subject: Puncture
subject: Pathology

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Hacer una revisión de los procedimientos intervencionistas básicos,
tanto de las indicaciones como de la técnica,
que se realizan actualmente en cualquier servicio de radiodiagnostico y que todo radiología debe...
title: Utilidad de la TC y la RM en el diagnóstico de invasión mandibular en las neoplasias de cavidad oral
Creators: name: Burguete Moriones, Andrea
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: Oncology
subject: MR
subject: CT

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
Las técnicas de imagen juegan un importante papel en la estadificación de los pacientes con carcinoma escamoso de cavidad oral para el planteamiento de un adecuado manejo terapeútico y quirúrgico. La evaluación de la extensión en profundidad y...
A substitute for the classical Neumann--Morgenstern characteristic function in cooperative differential games
Creators: name: Gromova, Ekaterina
name: Marova, Ekaterina
name: Gromov, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we present a systematic overview of different endogenous optimization-based characteristic functions and discuss their properties. Furthermore, we define and analyze in detail a new, $η$-characteristic function. This characteristic function has a substantial advantage over other characteristic functions in that it can be obtained with a minimal computational effort and has a reasonable economic interpretation. In particular, the new characteristic function can be seen as a reduced version of the classical Neumann-Morgenstern characteristic function, where the players both from the coalition and from the complementary coalition use their previously computed strategies instead of solving respective optimization problems. Our finding are illustrated by a pollution control game with $n$ non-identical players. For the considered game, we compute all characteristic functions and compare their properties. Quite surprisingly, it turns out that both the characteristic functions and the resulting cooperative solutions satisfy some symmetry relations.
Additional file 3 of Lamin C is required to establish genome organization after mitosis
Creators: name: Wong, Xianrong
name: Hoskins, Victoria E.
name: Melendez-Perez, Ashley J.
name: Harr, Jennifer C.
name: Gordon, Molly
name: Reddy, Karen L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Review history
Structural and functional characterization of Group B Streptococcus class C sortases
Creators: name: Cozzi, Roberta <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: BIO/11 Biologia molecolare

description: In Group B Streptococcus (GBS) three structurally distinct types of pili have been discovered as potential virulence factors and vaccine candidates. The pilus-forming proteins are assembled into high-molecular weight polymers via a transpeptidation mechanism mediated by specific class C sortases. Using a multidisciplinary approach including bioinformatics, structural and biochemical studies and in vivo mutagenesis we performed a broad  characterization of GBS sortase C. The high resolution X-ray structure of the enzymes revealed that the active site, located into the β-barrel core of the enzyme, is made of the catalytic triad His157-Cys219-Arg228 and covered by a loop, known as the “lid”. We show that the catalytic triad and the predicted N- and C-terminal trans-membrane regions are required for the enzyme activity. Interestingly, by in vivo complementation mutagenesis studies we found that the deletion of the entire lid loop or mutations in specific lid key residues had no effect on catalytic activity of the enzyme. In addition, kinetic characterizations of recombinant enzymes indicate that the lid mutants can still recognize and cleave the substrate-mimicking peptide at least as well as the wild type protein.
Non-extensive super-cluster states in aggregation with fragmentation
Creators: name: Brilliantov, Nikolai V.
name: Otieno, Wendy
name: Krapivsky, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systems evolving through aggregation and fragmentation may possess an intriguing super-cluster state (SCS). Clusters constituting this state are mostly large, so the SCS resembles a gelling state. The formation of the SCS is controlled by fluctuations and in this aspect, it is similar to a critical state. The SCS is non-extensive as the number of clusters varies sub-linearly with the system size. In the parameter space, the SCS separates equilibrium and jamming (extensive) states. The conventional methods such as the van Kampen expansion fail to describe the SCS. To characterize the SCS, we propose a scaling approach with a set of critical exponents. Our theoretical findings are in good agreement with numerical results.
description: 6+11 pages, 4+4 figures
Within-host phenotypic evolution and the population-level control of chronic viral infections by treatment and prophylaxis
Creators: name: Gromov, Dmitry
name: Romero-Severson, Ethan O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Chronic viral infections can persist in an infected person for decades. From the perspective of the virus, a single infection can span thousands of generations, leading to a highly diverse population of viruses with its own complex evolutionary history. We propose a mathematical framework for understanding how the emergence of new viral strains and phenotype within infected persons affects the population-level control of those infections by both non-curative treatment and chemo-prophylactic measures. We consider the within-host emergence of new strains that lack phenotype novelty and also the evolution of variability in contagiousness, resistance to therapy, and efficacy of prophylaxis. Our framework balances the need for verisimilitude with our desire to retain a model that can be approached analytically. We show how to compute the population-level basic reproduction number accounting for the within-host evolutionary process where new phenotypes emerge and are lost in infected persons, which we also extend to include both treatment and prophylactic control efforts. This allows us to make clear statements about both the global and relative efficacy of different control efforts accounting for within-host phenotypic evolution. Finally, we give expressions for the endemic equilibrium of these models for certain constrained versions of the within-host evolutionary model providing a potential method for estimating within-host evolutionary parameters from population-level genetic sequence data.
IDEPI: Rapid Prediction of HIV-1 Antibody Epitopes and Other Phenotypic Features from Sequence Data Using a Flexible Machine Learning Platform
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: AIDS Dementia Complex
Algorithms
Antibodies, Neutralizing
Computational Biology
Drug Resistance, Viral
Epitopes
HIV Antibodies
HIV Infections
HIV-1
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins
Humans
Machine Learning
Phenotype
Sequence Analysis, Protein
Software

description: © 2014 Hepler et al. Since its identification in 1983, HIV-1 has been the focus of a research effort unprecedented in scope and difficulty, whose ultimate goals — a cure and a vaccine – remain elusive. One of the fundamental challenges in accomplishing these goals is the tremendous genetic variability of the virus, with some genes differing at as many as 40% of nucleotide positions among circulating strains. Because of this, the genetic bases of many viral phenotypes, most notably the susceptibility to neutralization by a particular antibody, are difficult to identify computationally. Drawing upon open-source general-purpose machine learning algorithms and libraries, we have developed a software package IDEPI (IDentify EPItopes) for learning genotype-to-phenotype predictive models from sequences with known phenotypes. IDEPI can apply learned models to classify sequences of unknown phenotypes, and also identify specific sequence features which contribute to a particular phenotype. We demonstrate that IDEPI achieves performance similar to or better than that of previously published approaches on four well-studied problems: finding the epitopes of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNab), determining coreceptor tropism of the virus, identifying compartment-specific genetic signatures of the virus, and deducing drug-resistance associated mutations. The cross-platform Python source code (released under the GPL 3.0 license), documentation, issue tracking, and a pre-configured virtual machine for IDEPI can be found at https://github.com/veg/idepi.