cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Counting and Computing by $e$
Creators: name: Hassani, Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 40A25, 05C17, 05C38, 65L99, 33B20, 33C20, 26D15, 11J72, 20B40

description: In this paper we count the number of paths and cycles in complete graphs by using the number $e$. Also, we compute the number of derangements in same way. Connection by $e$ yields some nice formulas for the number of derangements, such as $D_n=\lfloor\frac{n!+1}{e}\rfloor$ and $D_n=\lfloor(e+e^{-1})n!\rfloor-\lfloor en!\rfloor$, and using these relations allow us to compute some incomplete gamma functions and hypergeometric summations; these connections are hidden in the heart of a nice polynomial that we call it derangement function and a simple ordinary differential equation concerning it.
description: 12 pages, no figure, review of my works about the number of derangements
NuSTAR observation of GRO J1744-28 at low mass accretion rate
Creators: name: König, O.
name: Fürst, F.
name: Kretschmar, P.
name: Ballhausen, R.
name: Sokolova-Lapa, E.
name: Dauser, T.
name: Sánchez-Fernández, C.
name: Hemphill, P. B.
name: Wolff, M. T.
name: Pottschmidt, K.
name: Wilms, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the spectral analysis of the LMXB GRO J1744-28 using $\sim$29 ks of NuSTAR data taken in 2017 February at a low luminosity of $3.2\times 10^{36}$ erg/s (3-50 keV). The continuum spectrum is modeled with an absorbed power-law with exponential cut-off, and an additional iron line component. We find no obvious indications for a CRSF and therefore perform a detailed cyclotron line search using statistical methods on the pulse phase-averaged as well as phase-resolved spectra. The previously detected Type II X-ray bursts are absent. Clear pulsations at a period of 2.141124(9) Hz are detected. The pulse profile shows an indication of a secondary peak, which was not seen at higher flux. The 4$σ$ upper limit for the strength of a CRSF in the 3-20 keV band is 0.07 keV, lower than the strength of the line found at higher luminosity. The detection of pulsations shows that the source did not enter the "propeller" regime, even though the source flux of $4.15\times 10^{-10}$ erg/cm$^{2}$/s was almost one order of magnitude below the threshold for the propeller regime claimed in previous studies on this source. The transition into the propeller regime in GRO J1744-28 must therefore be below a luminosity of $3.2\times 10^{36}$ erg/s, which implies a surface magnetic field $\lesssim 2.9\times 10^{11}$ G and mass accretion rate $\lesssim 1.7\times 10^{16}$ g/s. A change of the CRSF depth as function of luminosity is not unexpected and has been observed in other sources. This result possibly implies a change in emission geometry as function of mass accretion rate to reduce the depth of the line below our detection limit.
title: Nonlinear isogeometric multiscale simulation for design and fabrication of functionally graded knitted textiles
Creators: name: Do, Huy
name: Tan, Ying Yi
name: Ramos, Nathalie
name: Kiendl, Josef
name: Weeger, Oliver
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2022

description: We present a nonlinear multiscale modeling and simulation framework for the mechanical design of machine-knitted textiles with functionally graded microstructures. The framework operates on the mesoscale (stitch level), where yarns intermesh into stitch patterns, and the macroscale (fabric level), where these repetitive stitch patterns are composed into a fabric. On the mesoscale, representative unit cells consisting of single interlocked yarn loops, modeled as geometrically exact, nonlinear elastic 3D beams, are homogenized to compute their effective mechanical properties. From this data, a B-Spline response surface model is generated to represent the nonlinear orthotropic constitutive behavior on the macroscale, where the fabric is modeled by a nonlinear Kirchhoff–Love shell formulation and discretized using isogeometric finite elements. These functionally graded textiles with locally varying properties can be designed and analyzed by parameterizing the stitch value, i.e., the loop length of a single jersey stitch, and the knitting direction as mesoscopic design variables of the macroscopic response surface constitutive model. To validate the multiscale simulation and design approach, numerical results are compared against physical experiments of different tensile loading cases for various grading scenarios. Furthermore, the versatility of the method for the design of functionally graded textiles is demonstrated.
Supplementary Material from Sex-biased demography modulates male harm across the genome
Creators: name: Hitchcock, Thomas J.
name: Gardner, Andy
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recent years have seen an explosion of theoretical and empirical interest in the role that kin selection plays in shaping patterns of sexual conflict, with a particular focus on male harming traits. However, this work has focused solely on autosomal genes, and as such it remains unclear how demography modulates the evolution of male harm loci occurring in other portions of the genome, such as sex chromosomes and cytoplasmic elements. To investigate this, we extend existing models of sexual conflict for application to these different modes of inheritance. We first analyse the general case, revealing how sex-specific relatedness, reproductive value and the intensity of local competition combine to determine the potential for male harm. We then analyse a series of demographically explicit models, to assess how dispersal, overlapping generations, reproductive skew and the mechanism of population regulation affect sexual conflict across the genome, and drive conflict between nuclear and cytoplasmic genes. We then explore the effects of sex-biases in these demographic parameters, showing how they may drive further conflicts between autosomes and sex chromosomes. Finally, we outline how different crossing schemes may be used to identify signatures of these intragenomic conflicts.
Generation of fluorescent strains to evaluate probiotic and pathogenic bacterial interactions in larvae of the Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica
Creators: name: Oates, Lauren Marie
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: biofilm
fluorescent
oyster
pathogen
probiotic
vibrio

description: The addition of probiotic bacteria to aquaculture system water or feed has proven effective at decreasing pathogen-induced mortality of fish and shellfish.  The mechanisms by which host protection is achieved are being studied extensively, as the implications of probiosis to the aquaculture industry are substantial.  The present study begins to assess the mechanisms used by an oyster probiotic Vibrio sp., OY15, in protecting its larval host, Crassostrea virginica, from a pathogenic Vibrio sp., B183.  Plasmids harboring gfp and rfp were introduced into OY15 (named OY15g) and B183 (named B183r), respectively, forming fluorescent derivatives, which yielded unique genetic identifiers for each strain.  Under non-selective conditions, plasmids were maintained faithfully for at least 72 hours.  qPCR amplification assays were developed to measure gfp, rfp, and genes for 16S and 18S rRNA at 24, 48 and 72 hours during the course of an oyster challenge experiment.  These experiments demonstrated temporal relationships between probiotic, pathogen, and total bacteria with their larval host and revealed that larval survival and mortality could be correlated to the presence or absence of probiotic and pathogen.  Experiments examining the processes by which OY15g inhibits B183r activity included the growth of both bacteria in liquid media, which indicated that OY15g is capable of outcompeting B183r.  In addition, OY15g supernatants were found to possess a factor(s) that destabilized B183r biofilm over time, suggesting a potential mechanism for OY15g probiosis.  Furthermore, while quorum sensing N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) production could not be detected for OY15g by an Agrobacterium tumefaciens reporter assay, B183r was found to produce AHLs, suggesting that OY15g may influence B183r pathogenicity by interfering with AHL production.
Ramping it up : mixed ramp-gaussian basis sets
Creators: name: McKemmish, Laura Kelly
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018

description: For decades, all-Gaussian basis sets have dominated molecular quantum chemistry, despite some of their less desirable properties. In particular, gaussian basis functions cannot describe the nuclear-electron cusp and consequently large numbers of high exponents gaussians are present in core basis functions to try to describe the inner core electron distribution adequately. This is despite the fact that core electron distribution changes little in response to changing molecular environments and is not an important contribution to chemical energetics that chemists are generally interested in (reaction energies, ionisation energies, isomerisation energies and so on). The principal reason for the dominance of gaussian basis sets is that accurate evaluation of two-electron integral evaluation in these basis sets is far quicker than for other competing types of basis sets. This thesis seeks to change this. We reintroduce a ramp basis function, which has a non-zero nuclearelectron cusp and can therefore describe the inner core accurately and efficiently. This ramp function has compact support, which greatly reduces the difficulty of two-electron integral evaluation, but means it cannot describe valence electron distributions. Thus, gaussian basis functions are added to describe valence electrons to form a mixed ramp-gaussian basis set. To simplify the development of this new class of basis set, we modify only the core basis function in 6-31G (6-31+G) to produce R-31G (R-31+G). These novel rampified basis sets have very similar chemistry to their parent basis sets in atoms and molecules in Hartree-Fock (HF), density functional theory (DFT) and Moller-Plesset 2 Theory (MP2) calculations. The mixed ramp-gaussian basis sets are vastly better than their parent basis sets at predicting electron density at the nucleus and in fact gives better performance than cc-pVQZ. Faster HF, DFT and MP2 calculations in large molecules would increase the speed of the most common types of computational chemistry calculations in the world. This thesis provides strong evidence that mixed ramp-Gaussian basis sets are a viable way to get these faster calculations without compromising chemical accuracy. A preliminary integral evaluation program, RampItUp, was developed in this thesis that calculates all one- and two-electron ramp-containing integrals for a mixed ramp-Gaussian basis set with S-ramps, sand p-gaussians. With the main caveat that two-electron screening is not performed in either basis set, the Fock build time for R-31+G is faster than in 6-31+G by about 10% for large linear molecules, e.g. fatty acids, with more than 20 heavy atoms. This demonstrates that fast integral evaluation is possible. This thesis provides strong justification for the inclusion of ramp-gaussian basis sets into mainstream quantum chemistry packages to allow the full benefits of these new type of basis sets to be experienced by the field as a whole.
Developing Improved Mouse Models of Prostate Cancer
Creators: name: Hubbard, Gretchen Kathleen
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Mouse Model
Pathology
Prostate Cancer

description: Genetically modified rodent models provide a platform to dissect the complex and multifactorial mechanisms of prostate cancer initiation and progression.  Existing mouse models based on MYC overexpression, including Lo-MYC and Hi-MYC strains, show distinct features of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and adenocarcinoma that are quite similar to those observed in humans.  However, the cancers that emerge in these models rarely progress to metastasis.  Evidence is mounting that multiple molecular changes, including loss of tumor suppressor PTEN and MYC overexpression, cooperate to promote human prostate carcinogenesis.  To better understand the pathobiology of this disease, we have modeled multiple genetic changes associated with prostate carcinogenesis by combining conditional loss of Pten and concomitant activation of MYC within prostate luminal epithelial cells.  A triple transgenic mouse model in which the androgen independent Hoxb13 promoter drives MYC expression concurrent with conditional loss of Pten (Hoxb13-Myc/Hoxb13-Cre/Pten-l-) was generated.  To date, tissues from thirty triply transgenic (Myc+, Cre+, Pten-/-) mice (referred to as BMTs) have been examined for disease progression and by immunohistochemical analyses.  By two months of age, BMTs have developed high-grade PIN lesions and have lost expression of the key tumor suppressor Nkx3.1.  By four months of age, these mice have developed adenocarcinoma that has metastasized lymph nodes (20/20), liver (13/20), and lung (11/20), mimicking the progression of human prostate cancer.  Expression of several key markers including Cytokeratin 18 (CK18), Cytokeratin 8 (CK8), FoxA1, focal AR expression, and loss of p63 in the primary and metastatic tumors provides strong evidence that these tumors are adenocarcinomas of prostate origin. Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) analyses using DNA from primary and metastatic lesions of four different mice were performed.  Over 250 DNA copy number (DCN) changes were identified, indicating that genomic instability accompanied disease progression, in parallel with human prostate cancer.  This innovative mouse model provides a powerful platform in which the molecular events underlying the progression from PIN through highly penetrant lethal metastatic disease can be systematically analyzed.
A psychocultural study of problem eating in white, middle or upper class girls and women
Creators: name: Dunne, Deborrah Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis is framed by a contemporary debate between feminist theorists and clinicians concerning the role of culture in the etiology of problem eating. Feminists argue that it is a mistake to pathologize disordered eating since it is arguably the norm in contemporary society. From this perspective, problem eating lies along a continuum and constitutes a response both to the current era of gender upheaval, and to tremendous social pressure on girls and women (hereafter: women) to cultivate slender bodies. Clinicians counter that it is highly objectionable to gloss over the reality of extremely disordered eating in the name of a political agenda to universalize the problem. Moreover, they argue that while cultural messages appear to shape symptoms, our efforts are appropriately directed toward understanding core psychological (and/or familial, or biological) difficulties. The effort within the thesis to resolve this debate begins with a review of empirical literature which has researched whether women with problem eating are particularly feminine, or reject their femininity (or both). This review yields the assessment that white, middle or upper class women with more severe eating problems are deeply conflicted about their gendered personality. In particular, it seems likely that these women seek to address the "gender double-bind" according to which women must be what is devalued (i.e., feminine), and only be what is valued (i.e., masculine) within acceptable limits. The psychocultural model of the gendered nature of problem eating which is developed on the basis of this material shows how women seize upon social-cultural input concerning female body management in their attempt to answer the double bind. An autobiographical inquiry on the part of the author helps to confirm the validity of this approach, but also reveals the deeper psychological structures of a "lack of developed self," and "lack of womaninity." These structures give rise to intense heeds for guidance concerning how to develop as persons and as women. And the confluence of these needs with the concern to address the gender double bind is shown in the model to generate more severe problem eating along the continuum.
XOTIN-QIZLAR VA BOLLARNING HUQUQLARI MUHOFAZASI
Creators: name: Mamajonova, Bibirobiya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Xotin-qizlar va bolalar huquqlari bir-biriga chambarchas bog'langan, chunki ularning huquqlariga nisbatan kamsitish ham bir xil darajada sodir bo'ladi. Ammo xotin-qizlarning huquqlari amalda muhimroqdir, chunki ular bola tug'ilishidan oldin ham amal qiladi. Tarixda ayollar erkaklarga qaraganda bolalar tarbiyachisi va voyaga yetkazgan hisoblangan. Shunday qilib, agar ayollar o'z huquqlaridan mahrum bo'lsa, bu nafaqat xotin-qizlarga, balki keyingi avlodlarga ham jiddiy ta'sir qiladi.
Stokes drift through corals
Creators: name: Webber, Joseph J.
name: Huppert, Herbert E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 86A05 (Primary), 76S05 (Secondary)

description: We investigate the all-penetrating drift velocities, due to surface wave motion in an effectively inviscid fluid that overlies a saturated porous bed of finite depth. Previous work in this area either neglects the large-scale flow between layers [Phillips (1991)] or only considers the drift above the porous layer [(Monismith (2007)]. We propose a model where flow is described by a velocity potential above the porous layer, and by Darcy's law in the porous bed, with derived matching conditions at the interface between the two layers. The damping effect of the porous bed requires a complex wavenumber k and both a vertical and horizontal Stokes drift of the fluid, unlike the solely horizontal drift first derived by Stokes Stokes (1847) in a pure fluid layer. Our work provides a physical model for coral reefs in shallow seas, where fluid drift both above and within the reef is vitally important for maintaining a healthy reef ecosystem [Koehl et al. (1997), Monismith (2007)]. We compare our model with measurements by Koehl \& Hadfield (2004) and also explain the vertical drift effects described in Koehl et al. (2007), who measured the exchange between a coral reef layer and the (relatively shallow) sea above.
STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF NON CODING RNAS: MMLV READTHROUGH ELEMENTS AND HIV-1 PACKAGING SIGNAL.
Creators: name: Hawkins, Arie
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010

description: Non-protein coding RNA (ncRNA) is transcribed from genomic DNA, but rather than becoming a template for protein synthesis, ncRNA's role is dependent on its catalytic activity, regulatory ability, or structural arrangement. ncRNAs were once thought to be evolutionary debris but are now frequently referred to as functional RNAs as they have been linked to many essential life processes. Unlike mRNA, the nucleotide sequences of ncRNA cannot immediately reveal their physiological function. Therefore, structure/function studies aimed at illuminating the molecular basis of action of ncRNAs are becoming increasingly important to the scientific community. Mass spectrometry (MS) is able to provide a universal platform for uncovering information on both structure and function of RNA. MS3D (Mass Spectrometry for 3-Dimensional Analysis) combines RNA structure probing with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) MS to investigate RNA structures. Solvent accessible chemical probes are utilized to uncover information regarding base pairing, stacking, and ligand binding, while bifunctional crosslinkers are used to reveal the positions of nucleobases in the global fold of the RNA molecule, providing a 2D protection map. Together with fundamental information pertaining to RNA structure, these constraints can be translated into 3D models of the target substrates. MS3D models of the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MMLV) readthrough elements, which may be part of a riboswitch, as well as the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 cis packaging signal (?-RNA) monomer, were obtained using the constraints provided by MS mapping and a combination of simulated annealing and energy minimization. Finally, MS-based technologies were applied to the functional studies of non-coding RNA. Site directed mutation revealed a critical GNRA (where R stands for a purine and N for any base) interaction between two domains of ?-RNA. Several approaches were used to determine functional aspects of the putative MMLV riboswitch, including diagnostic RNA crosslinking using mechlorethamine (nitrogen mustard), locked nucleic acid (LNA) probes, MS-amenable readthrough assays, and a MS-based assay for the identification of a putative riboswitch actuator.
Elicitation on phonology: ejectives
Creators: name: Carrillo Godínez, Silvia Lucrecia
name: Martín Domingo, Rebeca
name: Scott, Tessa
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: mam

description: This is an in-person interview.

The elicitation focuses on the pronunciation of ejectives mid word and in final position.

In this file bundle: 1 pdf of handwritten notes.
Resonant cyclotron scattering in magnetars' emission
Creators: name: Rea, Nanda
name: Zane, Silvia
name: Turolla, Roberto
name: Lyutikov, Maxim
name: Gotz, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We present a systematic fit of a model of resonant cyclotron scattering (RCS) to the X-ray data of ten magnetars, including canonical and transient anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs), and soft gamma repeaters (SGRs). In this scenario, non-thermal magnetar spectra in the soft X-rays (i.e. below ~10 keV) result from resonant cyclotron scattering of the thermal surface emission by hot magnetospheric plasma. We find that this model can successfully account for the soft X-ray emission of magnetars, while using the same number of free parameters than the commonly used empirical blackbody plus power-law model. However, while the RCS model can alone reproduce the soft X-ray spectra of AXPs, the much harder spectra of SGRs below ~10 keV, requires the addition of a power-law component (the latter being the same component responsible for their hard X-ray emission). Although this model in its present form does not explain the hard X-ray emission of a few of these sources, we took this further component into account in our modeling not to overlook their contribution in the ~4-10 keV band. We find that the entire class of sources is characterized by magnetospheric plasma with a density which, at resonant radius, is about 3 orders of magnitudes higher than n_{GJ}, the Goldreich-Julian electron density. The inferred values of the intervening hydrogen column densities, are also in better agreement with more recent estimates inferred from the fit of single X-ray edges. For the entire sample of observations, we find indications for a correlation between the scattering depth and the electron thermal velocity, and the field strength. Moreover, in most transient anomalous X-ray pulsars the outburst state is characterized by a relatively high surface temperature which cools down during the decay.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures (emulateapj): ApJ in press. The RCS model is available at: http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/xanadu/xspec/models/rcs.html
D5.2a Delivery of the online materials
Creators: name: Nusser, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Provenance
Provenance research
Ownership entry
Ownership record
Ownership and use of books
Library research
Friary libraries
Carmelite
Mendicants
Mainz
Library reconstruction
Library management

description: The Mainz' Carmelite library. Spotlight on a reconstructed knowledge space Training in use and study of special documents Annelen Ottermann reconstructed and analysed the former Mainz Carmelite library in order to rediscover the collection's physiognomy of a dissolved library, which was not in existence for 200 years, as a source of interdisciplinary research, and to get an idea of the intellectual and spiritual knowledge of a monastic library. At present 1595 copies are known with the provenance „Mainz Carmelites“; among them are 39 manuscripts, 289 incunabula, and 1267 prints from the 16th– 18th centuries up to the closure of the convent as a result of secularisation in 1802.
 The text explains the methods and results of this study of provenance research, based on both personal as well as institutional ownership; gives information on the circulation, acquisition and handling of the material in and outside monastic life; and shows how monastic censorship worked.
 It offers background information for those scholars who want to learn about provenance research, the monastic usage of books, and library reconstruction.
Berry-Esseen for Free Random Variables
Creators: name: Kargin, Vladislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L54; 60F05

description: An analogue of the Berry-Esseen inequality is proved for the speed of convergence of free additive convolutions of bounded probability measures. The obtained rate of convergence is of the order n^{-1/2}, the same as in the classical case. An example with binomial measures shows that this estimate cannot be improved without imposing further restrictions on convolved measures.
description: 15 pages, accepted to the Journal of Theoretical Probability, minor typos are corrected in versions 2 and 3
What M dwarf models reveal about their UV spectra?
Creators: name: Tilipman, Dennis
name: Vieytes, Mariela
name: Linsky, Jeffrey L.
name: Buccino, Andrea
name: France, Kevin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cool Stars on the main sequence

description: Stellar ultraviolet (UV) radiation has significant implications on habitability of their exoplanets, yet this radiation is partly unobservable due to interstellar medium absorption. We used the radiative transfer code SSRPM to build stellar models of two M dwarfs and synthesize their UV spectra, particularly focusing on the far-UV and extreme-UV spectra. Our most important findings are that 1) the coronae of two M dwarfs are responsible for more than half of their respective EUV fluxes, and 2) the continuum in the FUV band between 145 and 170 nm is responsible for about half of total emission in this band. Here, we discuss the significance of these results and outline future projects aimed to improve our understanding of solar and stellar UV emission.
Microwave spectroscopy of the low-temperature skyrmion state in Cu2OSeO3
Creators: name: Aqeel, Aisha
name: Sahliger, Jan
name: Taniguchi, Takuya
name: Maendl, Stefan
name: Mettus, Denis
name: Berger, Helmuth
name: Bauer, Andreas
name: Garst, Markus
name: Pleiderer, Christian
name: Back, Christian H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the cubic chiral magnet Cu2OSeO3 a low-temperature skyrmion state (LTS) and a concomitant tilted conical state are observed for magnetic fields parallel to <100>. In this work, we report on the dynamic resonances of these novel magnetic states. After promoting the nucleation of the LTS by means of field cycling, we apply broadband microwave spectroscopy in two experimental geometries that provide either predominantly in-plane or out-of-plane excitation. By comparing the results to linear spin-wave theory, we clearly identify resonant modes associated with the tilted conical state, the gyrational and breathing modes associated with the LTS, as well as the hybridization of the breathing mode with a dark octupole gyration mode mediated by the magnetocrystalline anisotropies. Most intriguingly, our findings suggest that under decreasing fields the hexagonal skyrmion lattice becomes unstable with respect to an oblique deformation, reflected in the formation of elongated skyrmions.
Creep constitutive modeling of permafrost-concrete interface shear strength considering stress level at -1℃
Creators: name: Lei, Wanyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 400502
subject: Civil geotechnical engineering

description: The shear creep characteristics of permafrost-structure contact surface play an important role in the study of deformation law and prevention and control measures of pile foundation. In order to study the creep law and development trend of permafrost-concrete contact surface, it is necessary to establish an accurate creep model. In this study, based on the Nishihara model, a nonlinear element and damage factor D were introduced to establish an intrinsic model of permafrost-concrete contact surface creep considering the effect of shear stress. A large-scale stress-controlled shear instrument was used to carry out graded loading creep tests of concrete and frozen silt with different roughness at -1°C. The reasonableness of the model was verified on the basis of the test data, and the regularity of the parameters in the model was investigated. The results show that the creep curves of the contact surface obtained from the improved Nishihara model are in good agreement with the test results, and can better describe the whole process of creep of the frozen-concrete contact surface. Analysis of the experimental data show that: the roughness of the concrete has an inhibiting effect on the creep deformation of the contact surface, When the roughness R varies from 0 mm to 1.225 mm, the specimen corresponds to an ultimate long-term strength of 32.84 kPa to 34.57 kPa. At the same roughness and creep time, the creep deformation of the contact surface is more significant with the increase of the shear stress τ. Take the roughness R=1.225 as an example, the strain reaches the maximum value when the shear stress τ is 204.2kPa. The results of the study can provide a theoretical basis for the design and numerical simulation of pile foundation in the permafrost regions
A Bayesian method for inference of effective connectivity in brain networks for detecting the Mozart effect
Creators: name: van Esch, Rik J. C.
name: Shi, Shengling
name: Bernas, Antoine
name: Zinger, Svitlana
name: Aldenkamp, Albert P.
name: Hof, Paul M. J. Van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Several studies claim that listening to Mozart music affects cognition and can be used to treat neurological conditions like epilepsy. Research into this Mozart effect has not addressed how dynamic interactions between brain networks, i.e. effective connectivity, are affected. The Granger-causality analysis is often used to infer effective connectivity. First, we investigate if a new method, Bayesian topology identification, can be used as an alternative. Both methods are evaluated on simulation data, where the Bayesian method outperforms the Granger-causality analysis in the inference of connectivity graphs of dynamic networks, especially for short data lengths. In the second part, the Bayesian method is extended to enable the inference of changes in effective connectivity between groups of subjects. Next, we apply both methods to fMRI scans of 16 healthy subjects, who were scanned before and after exposure to Mozart's sonata K448 at least 2 hours a day for 7 days. Here, we investigate if the effective connectivity of the subjects significantly changed after listening to Mozart music. The Bayesian method detected changes in effective connectivity between networks related to cognitive processing and control: First, in the connection from the central executive to the superior sensori-motor network. Second, in the connection from the posterior default mode to the fronto-parietal right network. Finally, in the connection from the anterior default mode to the dorsal attention network, but only in a subgroup of subjects with a longer listening duration. Only in this last connection an effect was found by the Granger-causality analysis.
考虑应力水平的多年冻土-混凝土界面抗剪强度蠕变本构建模在 -1℃
Creators: name: Lei, Wanyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 400502
subject: Civil geotechnical engineering

description: 多年冻土结构接触面的剪切蠕变特性对桩基变形规律和防治措施研究具有重要作用。为了研究多年冻土-混凝土接触面的徐变规律和发展趋势，需要建立精确的徐变模型。本研究基于Nishihara模型，引入非线性单元和损伤因子D，建立了考虑剪应力影响的多年冻土-混凝土接触面徐变本征模型。采用大型应力控制剪切仪，在-1°C下对不同粗糙度的混凝土和冻土进行分级荷载蠕变试验。在试验数据的基础上验证了模型的合理性，并考察了模型中参数的规律性。结果表明，改进的Nishihara模型得到的接触面蠕变曲线与试验结果吻合较好，能较好地描述冻融混凝土接触面的蠕变全过程。对试验数据的分析表明：混凝土的粗糙度对接触面的蠕变变形有抑制作用，当粗糙度R在0 mm至1.225 mm之间变化时，试件对应的极限长期强度为32.84 kPa至34.57 kPa。在相同的粗糙度和蠕变时间下，随着剪应力τ的增加，接触面的蠕变变形更为显著τ。以粗糙度R=1.225为例，当剪应力τ为204.2kPa时，应变达到最大值。研究结果可为多年冻土区桩基设计与数值模拟提供理论依据。
Heeding Hetch Hetchy: A Public History Project Exploring The National Interest in The Hetch Hetchy Valley, 1908-1913
Creators: name: Schein, Johanna Rose
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Environmental History
Hetch Hetchy
Legislative History
Public History

description: Between 1908 and 1913, Congress debated whether to grant San Francisco the right to dam the Hetch Hetchy Valley. The Valley fell within Yosemite National Park, and was thus under the federal government's control. In this public history project, I focus on the petitions hundreds of citizens submitted to Congress regarding Hetch Hetchy. My main objective is to collaborate with the Center for Legislative Archives (CLA) at the National Archives and Records Administration in Washington, DC to create educational outreach materials based on these petitions. My thesis, therefore, consists of both an online component and a traditional paper. I have created a digital exhibition, which provides researchers with access to the petitions. The paper portion provides greater context for the petitions, and will be used by the education specialists at CLA to develop a lesson plan that can help teachers use the petitions in the classroom. By focusing specifically on the petitions, I demonstrate how the Hetch Hetchy debates illuminate the larger environmental arguments of the Progressive Era between utilitarian conservation and wilderness preservation. Furthermore, these petitions address larger themes of the Progressive Era, including the changing role of women in politics, the rise in lobbying, and the conflict between local and national interests.
Work functions of self-assembled monolayers on metal surfaces
Creators: name: Rusu, Paul C.
name: Brocks, Geert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first-principles calculations we show that the work function of noble metals can be decreased or increased by up to 2 eV upon the adsorption of self-assembled monolayers of organic molecules. We identify the contributions to these changes for several (fluorinated) thiolate molecules adsorbed on Ag(111), Au(111) and Pt(111) surfaces. The work function of the clean metal surfaces increases in this order, but adsorption of the monolayers reverses the order completely. Bonds between the thiolate molecules and the metal surfaces generate an interface dipole, whose size is a function of the metal, but it is relatively independent of the molecules. The molecular and bond dipoles can then be added to determine the overall work function.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Manifest or Murky? A Reexamination of the Popularity of Manifest Destiny in the Antebellum Era
Creators: name: Burge, Daniel Joseph
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: Antebellum Era
Expansionism
Jacksonian America
Manifest Destiny
Mexican-American War
territorial expansionism

description: Manifest destiny is usually portrayed as an ideology that held immense sway in the United States from 1845-1854. Apart from the work of Frederick Merk in the 1960s, however, the popularity of manifest destiny in this period has never been measured. This thesis, therefore, is a reexamination of manifest destiny from 1846-1857. In this thesis, the phrase manifest destiny is traced in the pages of the Congressional Globe, newspapers, popular magazines, and works of literature. By comparing these sources, it is clear that the phrase manifest destiny was largely avoided by expansionists in the 1840s, became prominent in the 1850s, and was never embraced by the larger American public. The thesis reveals the need for the ideology of manifest destiny to be extricated from mere expansionism and for future research to reassess the popularity of this ideology in the Antebellum Era.
FLOOD-serv Project - D6.3 First Communication and Dissemination Report & Updated Plan
Creators: name: Pantelis, Kanellopoulos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: This deliverable under the title “D6.3 First Communication and Dissemination Report & Updated Plan” consists a report of the communication and dissemination activities made during the first 18 months of project’s implementation. Additionally, it presents an update of the Dissemination plan for the period M19-M36. Particularly it addresses four main aspects: a) the communication and disseminations tools (website, press releases, newsletter issues, social media etc.) that project partners used for promoting the project and its results, b) the communication and dissemination activities performed such as workshops and events organized by the FLOOD-serv, participation in public events (third party events), media coverage, publications and so on, c) the performance measurement of tools and activities and assessment of their effectiveness according the KPIs set in deliverable “D6.2 Dissemination Plan”, and d) an update of the Dissemination Plan.
 D6.3 is a public deliverable of this project, part of WP6, and it contains information around the project’s scope and objectives as well as the work package. It ensures that no prior knowledge to the project, the Description of Work (DoW), and the other WP6 deliverables is requested. Overall, the current document is based on, and is consistent with, the DoW and the Grant Agreement, but is not a substitute for reading these documents.
Intersecting Brane World from Type I Compactification
Creators: name: Choi, Kang-Sin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We elaborate that general intersecting brane models on orbifolds are obtained from type I string compactifications and their T-duals. Symmetry breaking and restoration occur via recombination and parallel separation of branes, preserving supersymmetry. The Ramond-Ramond tadpole cancelation and the toron quantization constrain the spectrum as a branching of the adjoints of SO(32), up to orbifold projections. Since the recombination changes the gauge coupling, the single gauge coupling of type I could give rise to different coupling below the unification scale. This is due to the nonlocal properties of the Dirac-Born-Infeld action. The weak mixing angle sin^2 theta_W = 3/8 is naturally explained by embedding the quantum numbers to those of SO(10).
description: 31 pages, 5 figures
Mechanical Properties of Human Tooth Enamel: Patient Age and Spatial Distribution
Creators: name: Park, Saejin
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: Engineering, Materials Science (0794)

description: In this study the influence of aging on the mechanical behavior of human enamel was evaluated using 3rd molars from young (18-30 years) and old (55) patients.  The elastic modulus and hardness were quantified using nanoindentation as a function of distance from the Dentin Enamel Junction (DEJ) and within three different regions of the crown (i.e. cervical, cuspal and inter-cuspal enamel).  The apparent fracture toughness of human enamel was estimated using the indentation fracture resistance test.  The hardness, elastic modulus and apparent fracture toughness were then used in estimating the brittleness according to a model that accounts for the competing dissipative processes of deformation and fracture.  The brittleness of human enamel was compared to that of selected dental restorative materials (i.e. porcelain, ceramic and micaceous glass ceramic (MGC)) that are used for crown replacement.  Results of the evaluation showed that the elastic modulus and hardness increased with distance from the DEJ in the all three regions examined, regardless of patient age. The largest increases with distance from the DEJ occurred within the cervical region of the old enamel. Overall, the results showed that there were no age-dependent differences in the properties of enamel near the DEJ.  However, near the tooth's surface both the hardness (0.025) and elastic modulus (0.0001) were significantly greater in the old enamel.  At the surface of the tooth, the average elastic modulus of old enamel was nearly 20% greater than that of the enamel from young patients.  The apparent fracture toughness of the young and old enamel ranged from 0.74 to 0.92 MPa*m0.5 and from 0.67 to 0.88 MPa*m0.5, respectively.  The old enamel had significantly lower toughness than the young enamel at the outer surface.  The average brittleness of the young and old enamel increased with distance from the DEJ.  For the old enamel the average brittleness increased from approximately 300 µm-1 at the DEJ to nearly 900 µm-1 at the occlusal surface.  While there was no significant difference between the two age groups at the DEJ, the brittleness of the old enamel was significantly greater (and up to four times higher) than that of the young enamel near the occlusal surface. The brittleness numbers for the restorative materials were up to 90% lower than that of the old enamel at the occlusal surface. Based on results of this study, it was concluded that the brittleness index could serve as a useful scale in the design of materials used for crown replacement, as well as a quantitative tool for characterizing degradation in the mechanical behavior of enamel.
Die Liebe Christi bewegt, versöhnt und eint die Welt
Creators: name: Von Telmessos, Job
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 70 Nr. 4 (2021): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 70, Heft 4
Spiking Neural Networks with Single-Spike Temporal-Coded Neurons for Network Intrusion Detection
Creators: name: Zhou, Shibo
name: Li, Xiaohua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spiking neural network (SNN) is interesting due to its strong bio-plausibility and high energy efficiency. However, its performance is falling far behind conventional deep neural networks (DNNs). In this paper, considering a general class of single-spike temporal-coded integrate-and-fire neurons, we analyze the input-output expressions of both leaky and nonleaky neurons. We show that SNNs built with leaky neurons suffer from the overly-nonlinear and overly-complex input-output response, which is the major reason for their difficult training and low performance. This reason is more fundamental than the commonly believed problem of nondifferentiable spikes. To support this claim, we show that SNNs built with nonleaky neurons can have a less-complex and less-nonlinear input-output response. They can be easily trained and can have superior performance, which is demonstrated by experimenting with the SNNs over two popular network intrusion detection datasets, i.e., the NSL-KDD and the AWID datasets. Our experiment results show that the proposed SNNs outperform a comprehensive list of DNN models and classic machine learning models. This paper demonstrates that SNNs can be promising and competitive in contrast to common beliefs.
description: Published in the 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR'2020), January 2021
Phenomenology of curvature-induced quantum-gravity effects
Creators: name: Amelino-Camelia, Giovanni
name: Rosati, Giacomo
name: Bedić, Suzana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several studies have been devoted to the possibility that quantum gravity might tangibly affect relativistic kinematics for particles propagating from distant astrophysical sources to our telescopes, but the relevant literature has so far focused exclusively on a subclass of scenarios such that the quantum-gravity effects are independent of (macroscopic) curvature. It was assumed that a phenomenology for quantum-gravity effects that are triggered by curvature might be a dead end because of a double suppression: by the smallness of the characteristic quantum-gravity length scale and by the smallness of curvature. This state of affairs is becoming increasingly unsatisfactory in light of some recent quantum-gravity studies providing evidence of the fact that the presence of curvature might be required in order to have the novel relativistic properties. We here analyze an explicit scenario for curvature-induced quantum-gravity effects, and show that the smallness of curvature does not pose a challenge for phenomenology since it is compensated by the large distances traveled by the particles considered in the relevant phenomenological studies. We also observe that the present data situation for particles propagating from distant astrophysical sources to our telescopes, while inconclusive, provides more encouragement for our curvature-induced effects than for the curvature-independent effects that were so far studied.
Elicitation on phonology: vowels and ejectives
Creators: name: Carrillo Godínez, Silvia Lucrecia
name: Martín Domingo, Rebeca
name: Scott, Tessa
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: mam

description: This is an in-person interview.

The elicitation focuses on vowel qualities (length, glottalization) and the pronunciation of ejectives in final position.

In this file bundle: 1 video/audio recording, 1 pdf of handwritten notes.
He’s "distressed"/she’s "oppressed" : police, psychology, and the patriarchy
Creators: name: McClellan, Miriam Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of a feminist postmodern deconstruction is to reveal the gender ideology and hidden political context embedded within the language of the text. This research project applies this methodology to a body of selected texts concerning women and men in policing as contained in The Journal of Police Science and Administration . This journal is representative of the type and focus of traditional empirical studies on police officers. The deconstruction of these texts reveals how the lives of women and men are inadequately theorized or described in traditional empirical psychology, as feminist criticisms of psychology have noted. Also revealed is the establishment of police psychology as an adjunct of policing and together they convey the masculine as normative. In this way, psychology and policing adhere to the dominant discourse of patriarchy that marginalizes women's transforming contributions to both these fields. This analysis indicates how using the perspectives of feminist postmodernism can help design and implement research that achieves an emancipatory psychology. In turn, the results of this study influence recommendations for counselling psychology.