cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1: of Evaluation of whole exome sequencing as an alternative to BeadChip and whole genome sequencing in human population genetic analysis
Creators: name: Maróti, Zoltán
name: Boldogkői, Zsolt
name: Tombácz, Dóra
name: Snyder, Michael
name: Kalmár, Tibor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. Number of high-quality biallelic variants in GENOME, EXOME, BEADCHIP, and HUN-EXOM datasets before and after LD pruning. Table S2. f3-statistics of Hungarian and selected South Asian populations indicate admixture which could be attributed to the Gypsies living as an ethnic minority in Hungary. Figure S1. The f4 (TSI, X; CHB; YRI) statistics estimates the East Asian and African components for each dataset. Negative values indicates East Asian gene flow, while positive values indicate dominant African genetic components. Figure S2. Calculated CV error for different admixture models (K=3 to 10). The best fitting model of admixture indicated was K=6 in the GENOME, EXOME and HUN-EXOME datasets, however, it was K=9 in case of the BEADCHIP dataset. Figure S3. Admixture analysis of 25 populations with the K=6 admixture model. The major topology and admixture components were very similar in each dataset for all analyzed populations but the minor admix components were systematically overestimated using the BEADCHIP dataset. Figure S4. Admixture analysis of 25 populations with the K=9 admixture model. Besides the minor admix components overestimation using BEADCHIP this admixture model suggested that the European super-population was split into two and the African super-population was split into three admixing components. Figure S5. PCA of the HUN-EXOME dataset confirms that genetically, modern Hungarians belong to the European super-population and within the Europeans, two genetic components exist with a North-South European gradient. Figure S6. F4(TSI, X; CHB, YRI) values of the HUN-EXOME dataset indicates that Hungarians have higher East Asian admixture component than British but lower than Finnish population. Figure S7. Admixture analysis of 25 populations using the HUN-EXOME dataset for the A) K=6 and B) K=9 admixture models. Besides the major Europian admixture component in few Hungarian individuals minor East Asian admixture components also detected. Data Supplementary Data was deposited to: https://figshare.com/s/e91794c7141a7eb16255 . (PDF 2255 kb)
Spacecraft With Interstellar Medium Momentum Exchange Reactions: The potential and limitations of propellantless interstellar travel
Creators: name: Brisbin, Drew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All known interstellar transportation methods encounter monumental technological or engineering roadblocks, or even rely on speculative unknown science. In particular light of the recent public excitement and ensuing disappointment regarding the exotic "EM drive" it is worthwhile to point out that propellantless space travel is eminently possible based on well established physical principles. Here a new mode of transport is proposed which relies on electric-field moderated momentum exchange with the ionized particles in the interstellar medium. The application of this mechanism faces significant challenges requiring industrial-scale exploitation of space but the technological roadblocks are different than those presented by light sails or particle beam powered craft, and may be more easily addressed depending on the uncertain march of technology. This mode of space travel is well suited to energy efficient travel at velocities less than or of order 0.05c and compares exceptionally well to light sails on an energy expenditure basis. It therefore represents an extremely attractive mode of transport for slow (~multi-century long) voyages carrying massive payloads to nearby stellar neighbors. This would be useful for missions that would otherwise be too energy intensive to carry out, such as transporting a generation ship or bulk materials for a future colony around Alpha Cen A.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
The Dirac quantisation condition for fluxes on four-manifolds
Creators: name: Alvarez, Marcos
name: Olive, David I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic treatment is given of the Dirac quantisation condition for electromagnetic fluxes through two-cycles on a four-manifold space-time which can be very complicated topologically, provided only that it is connected, compact, oriented and smooth. This is sufficient for the quantised Maxwell theory on it to satisfy electromagnetic duality properties. The results depend upon whether the complex wave function needed for the argument is scalar or spinorial in nature. An essential step is the derivation of a "quantum Stokes' theorem" for the integral of the gauge potential around a closed loop on the manifold. This can only be done for an exponentiated version of the line integral (the "Wilson loop") and the result again depends on the nature of the complex wave functions, through the appearance of what is known as a Stiefel-Whitney cohomology class in the spinor case. A nice picture emerges providing a physical interpretation, in terms of quantised fluxes and wave functions, of mathematical concepts such as spin structures, spin-C structures, the Stiefel-Whitney class and Wu's formula. Relations appear between these, electromagnetic duality and the Atiyah-Singer index theorem. Possible generalisations to higher dimensions of space-time in the presence of branes is mentioned.
description: 17 pages, plain TeX
Learning Front-end Filter-bank Parameters using Convolutional Neural Networks for Abnormal Heart Sound Detection
Creators: name: Humayun, Ahmed Imtiaz
name: Ghaffarzadegan, Shabnam
name: Feng, Zhe
name: Hasan, Taufiq
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Automatic heart sound abnormality detection can play a vital role in the early diagnosis of heart diseases, particularly in low-resource settings. The state-of-the-art algorithms for this task utilize a set of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) band-pass filters as a front-end followed by a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model. In this work, we propound a novel CNN architecture that integrates the front-end bandpass filters within the network using time-convolution (tConv) layers, which enables the FIR filter-bank parameters to become learnable. Different initialization strategies for the learnable filters, including random parameters and a set of predefined FIR filter-bank coefficients, are examined. Using the proposed tConv layers, we add constraints to the learnable FIR filters to ensure linear and zero phase responses. Experimental evaluations are performed on a balanced 4-fold cross-validation task prepared using the PhysioNet/CinC 2016 dataset. Results demonstrate that the proposed models yield superior performance compared to the state-of-the-art system, while the linear phase FIR filterbank method provides an absolute improvement of 9.54% over the baseline in terms of an overall accuracy metric.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, IEEE International Engineering in Medicine and Biology Conference (EMBC)
title: The Effectiveness of Viscoelastic Damping Treatments on a Flexible Manipulator Subjected to Torsional Loads
Creators: name: Remias, Leah L.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1990

description: The advent of new technology has led to an increasing number of missions in space. The space shuttle Remote Manipulator System (RMS) is a lightweight flexible manipulator currently used in NASA space missions. The future role of the RMS and similar flexible manipulators may include in-space construction and assembly tasks. Because these tasks require precise motion and short settling time of the end-point oscillations, effective vibration control schemes are being investigated.

Passive damping techniques have shown to provide a considerable amount of damping in controlling flexural vibrations. In this research passive damping via constrained viscoelastic damping treatments is explored as a means of controlling torsional vibrations. Equations have been derived to determine the optimum constraining layer section length and to predict the corresponding damping.

Based on mathematical models analytical transfer functions are derived for possible experimental test configurations. For this research a system with fixed-free boundary conditions was chosen. Simulations from these transfer functions agreed well with experimental results. From the derived equations for the constraining layer section length, a damping treatment for an aluminum test specimen and a composite test specimen is designed. Experimental results yield small percent error, less than three percent, when compared to the predicted values for damping.
Vortices and the SU(3) string tension
Creators: name: Kovács, T. G.
name: Tomboulis, E. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simulation results comparing the SU(3) heavy quark potential extracted from the full Wilson loop expectation to that extracted from the expectation of the Wilson loop fluctuation solely by elements of Z(3). The two potentials are found to coincide. This agreement is stable under multiple smoothings of the configurations which remove short distance fluctuations, and thus reflects long-distance physics. It strongly indicates that the asymptotic string tension arises from thick center vortices linking with the Wilson loop.
description: 8 pages, LaTeX file with 6 eps figures
Acrotelsella Silvestri 1935
Creators: name: Smith, Graeme B.
name: Mitchell, Andrew
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Zygentoma
Lepismatidae
Acrotelsella

description: Acrotelsella Silvestri, 1935
 Acrotelsa Escherich, 1905: 105 pro parte.
 Stylifera Stach, 1932: 333, 345 pro parte.
 Acrotelsella Silvestri, 1935: 307.
 Type species: Acrotelsa producta Escherich, 1905 by original designation.
description: Published as part of Smith, Graeme B. & Mitchell, Andrew, 2024, On some silverfish taxa from the Cape York region of northern Australia (Zygentoma: Lepismatidae: Ctenolepismatinae), pp. 1-68 in Records of the Australian Museum (Rec. Aust. Mus.) (Rec. Aust. Mus.) 76 (1) on page 3, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1863, http://zenodo.org/record/10942025
Light-Front QCD in Light-Cone Gauge
Creators: name: Srivastava, Prem P.
name: Brodsky, Stanley J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light-front (LF) quantization of QCD in light-cone (l.c.) gauge is discussed. The Dirac method is employed to construct the LF Hamiltonian and theory quantized canonically. The Dyson-Wick perturbation theory expansion based on LF-time ordering is constructed. The framework incorporates in it simultaneously the Lorentz gauge condition as an operator equation as well. The propagator of the dynamical $ψ_+$ part of the free fermionic propagator is shown to be causal while the gauge field propagator is found to be transverse. The interaction Hamiltonian is re-expressed in the form closely resembling the one in covariant theory, except for additional instantaneous interactions, which can be treated systematically. Some explicit computations in QCD are given.
description: Presented at VII Hadron Physics 2000, Caraguatatuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 10-15 April 2000
title: Shutdown-Lockerung durch die Judikative?: Die künftige Prüfung der Erforderlichkeit von Infektionsschutzmaßnahmen
Creators: name: Ferreau, Frederik
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 340

description: JuWissBlog
Additional file 1: of Excluding the ischiorectal fossa irradiation during neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with intensity-modulated radiotherapy followed by abdominoperineal resection decreases perineal complications in patients with lower rectal cancer
Creators: name: Song, Maxiaowei
name: Geng, Jianhao
name: Wang, Lin
name: Li, Yongheng
name: Zhu, Xianggao
name: Li, Xiaofan
name: Mi, Lan
name: Wu, Aiwen
name: Peng, Yifan
name: Yao, Yunfeng
name: Zhang, Yangzi
name: Wang, Hongzhi
name: Shi, Chen
name: Cai, Yong
name: Wang, Weihu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Medicine
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology

description: Table S1. Treatment-related toxicity during chemoradiation. Table S2. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model for distant relapse free survival. (DOCX 24 kb).
No-free-information principle in general probabilistic theories
Creators: name: Heinosaari, Teiko
name: Leppäjärvi, Leevi
name: Plávala, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum theory, the no-information-without-disturbance and no-free-information theorems express that those observables that do not disturb the measurement of another observable and those that can be measured jointly with any other observable must be trivial, i.e., coin tossing observables. We show that in the framework of general probabilistic theories these statements do not hold in general and continue to completely specify these two classes of observables. In this way, we obtain characterizations of the probabilistic theories where these statements hold. As a particular class of state spaces we consider the polygon state spaces, in which we demonstrate our results and show that while the no-information-without-disturbance principle always holds, the validity of the no-free-information principle depends on the parity of the number of vertices of the polygons.
description: v2: minor corrections, v3: accepted version
Charmonium Composition and Nuclear Suppression
Creators: name: Kharzeev, D.
name: Satz, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study charmonium production in hadron-nucleus collisions through the intermediate next-to-leading Fock space component $|(\bar{c}c)_8 g>$, formed by a colour octet $\bar{c}c$ pair and a gluon. We estimate the size of this state and show that its interaction with nucleons accounts for the observed charmonium suppression in nuclear interactions.
description: Plain TeX, 8 pages, 5 figures available upon request
Textures and Cosmic Microwave Background non-Gaussian Signatures
Creators: name: Gangui, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report briefly on a recent analysis of the texture-induced CMB radiation three-point correlation function of temperature anisotropies as predicted by an analytical model. We specialize our analysis to both large-scales (e.g., for COBE-DMR, where we compare our prediction with the actual four-year data) and intermediate-scales. We show how the latter case puts strong constraints on the model parameters.
description: Two references updated, otherwise matches exactly the published version
Macroscopic entropy formulae and non-holomorphic corrections for supersymmetric black holes
Creators: name: Cardoso, Gabriel Lopes
name: de Wit, Bernard
name: Mohaupt, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In four-dimensional N=2 compactifications of string theory or M-theory, modifications of the Bekenstein-Hawking area law for black hole entropy in the presence of higher-derivative interactions are crucial for finding agreement between the macroscopic entropy obtained from supergravity and subleading corrections to the microscopic entropy obtained via state counting. Here we compute the modifications to the area law for various classes of black holes, such as heterotic black holes, stemming from certain higher-derivative gravitational Wilsonian coupling functions. We consider the extension to heterotic N=4 supersymmetric black holes and their type-II duals and we discuss its implications for the corresponding micro-state counting. In the effective field theory approach the Wilsonian coupling functions are known to receive non-holomorphic corrections. We discuss how to incorporate such corrections into macroscopic entropy formulae so as to render them invariant under duality transformations, and we give a concrete example thereof.
description: 23 pages, LaTeX; note added
Additional file 1: of Changing behaviour â more or lessâ â do theories of behaviour inform strategies for implementation and de-implementation? A critical interpretive synthesis
Creators: name: Patey, Andrea
name: Hurt, Catherine
name: Grimshaw, Jeremy
name: Francis, Jill
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Search terms used and databases searched for stage 1. (DOCX 43 kb)
Post-Newtonian Lagrangian Perturbation Approach to the Large-Scale Structure Formation
Creators: name: Takada, Masahiro
name: Futamase, Toshifumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate the Lagrangian perturbation theory to solve the non-linear dynamics of self-gravitating fluid within the framework of the post-Newtonian approximation in general relativity, using the (3+1) formalism. Our formulation coincides with Newtonian Lagrangian perturbation theory developed by Buchert for the scale much smaller than the horizon scale, and with the gauge invariant linearized theory in the longitudinal gauge conditions for the linear regime. These are achieved by using the gauge invariant quantities at the initial time when the linearized theory is valid enough. The post-Newtonian corrections in the solution of the trajectory field of fluid elements are calculated in the explicit forms. Thus our formulation allows us to investigate the evolution of the large-scale fluctuations involving relativistic corrections from the early regime such as the decoupling time of matter and radiation until today. As a result, we are able to show that naive Newtonian cosmology to the structure formation will be a good approximation even for the perturbations with scales not only inside but also beyond the present horizon scale in the longitudinal coordinates. Although the post-Newtonian corrections are small, it is shown that they have a growing transverse mode which is not present in Newtonian theory as well as in the gauge invariant linearized theory. Such post-Newtonian order effects might produce characteristic appearances of the large-scale structure formation, for example, through the observation of anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB). Furthermore since our approach has a straightforward Newtonian limit, it will be also convenient for numerical implementation based on the presently available Newtonian simulation. ......
description: 26 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Coexistence of chiral symmetry and pseudospin symmetry in one nucleus: triplet bands in $^{105}$Ag
Creators: name: Jia, H.
name: Qi, B.
name: Liu, C.
name: Wang, S. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nearly degenerate triplet bands with the $πg_{9/2}^{-1}\otimes νh_{11/2} (g_{7/2},d_{5/2})$ configuration in $^{105}$Ag are studied via the relativistic mean-field (RMF) theory and the multiparticle plus rotor model (MPRM), which indicates that these bands are associated with chiral symmetry and pseudospin symmetry. The configuration-fixed constrained triaxial RMF calculations exhibit the pseudospin symmetry in single particle spectra and the triaxial shape coexistence. The experimental excitation energies and the electromagnetic transition probabilities for the triplet bands are reproduced very well by the MPRM calculaitons. The chiral doublet bands show the same phase in the $B(M1)/B(E2)$ staggering, while the pseudospin doublet bands hold the opposite phase. The coexistence of chiral symmetry and pseudospin symmetry in one nucleus and its corresponding characteristic of the rotational structure are discussed for the first time.
description: 15pages,4figures
Hedgerows and isolated trees play a role in Europe
Creators: name: Mosquera-Losada, Maria Rosa
name: Rigueiro-Rodriguez, A
name: Silva-Losada, P.
name: Romero-Franco, R.
name: Ferreiro-Domínguez, N.
name: González-Hernández, M. P.
name: Rodriguez-Rigueiro, F. J.
name: Arias-Martínez, D.
name: Fernández-Lorenzo, J. L.
name: Santiago-Freijanes, José Javier
Publisher: name: AFINET
Year: 2018
Subjects: Hedgerows
Isolated trees

description: Agroforestry is a sustainable land use system that is directly supported by the Greening and in the Pillar II of the CAP (Measure 8.2). It can be also indirectly recognized in other parts of the CAP such as the cross-compliance or conditionality, where environment preservation is promoted. Cross-compliance applies to Pillar I but also to most environmental payments being part of the Rural Development policy (Pillar II) since CAP 2007-2013. Farmers receiving CAP funds have to comply with (i) Statutory Management Requirements (SMR) and (ii) standards for maintaining the land in Good Agricultural and Environmental Condition (GAEC). Current SMRs are related to environment, climate change, and good agricultural condition land linked to (1) water (SMR1: Nitrate Vulnerable Zones), (2) biodiversity (SMR2: wild birds and SMR3: habitats), and (3) public: food and feed animal regulations among others and agroforestry can help to fulfil these environment goals. Agroforestry is indirectly contributing to those GAEC related with (i) water such as GAEC 1 (establishment of buffer strips along water courses), GAEC3 (Protection of ground water against pollution), (ii) soil and carbon stock related to GAEC 4 (Minimum soil cover), GAEC 5 (erosion), GAEC 6 (maintenance of soil organic matter), but more directly to GAEC 7 related with the landscape and the retention of the landscape features, because landscape features are related to hedges, trees in line, in group or isolated.
MOESM4 of â Wherever doctors cannot reach, the sunshine canâ : overcoming potential barriers to malaria elimination interventions in Haiti
Creators: name: Druetz, Thomas
name: Andrinopoulos, Katherine
name: Louis-Marie Boulos
name: Michaelle Boulos
name: Noland, Gregory
name: Luccene Desir
name: Lemoine, Jean
name: Eisele, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Â COREQ (consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research) checklist.
Elastic Neutrino-Nucleon and Antineutrino-Nucleon Scattering and Strange Form Factors of the Nucleons
Creators: name: Alberico, W. M.
name: Bilenky, S. M.
name: Giunti, C.
name: Maieron, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elastic scattering of neutrinos and antineutrinos on nucleons is considered. It is shown that the measurement of the neutrino-antineutrino asymmetry would allow to obtain model independent informations on the strange axial and vector form factors. The ratio of the magnetic form factors of the proton and neutron, on which the asymmetry depends, is investigated in detail. The asymmetry is calculated under different assumptions on the behavior of the strange vector and axial form factors.
description: Revtex file, 16 pages + 8 figures (attached). The postscript file of text and figures is available at http://www.to.infn.it/teorici/giunti/papers.html or ftp://ftp.to.infn.it/pub/giunti/1995/dftt-48-95/dftt-48-95.ps
Keldysh field theory of a driven dissipative Mott insulator: nonequilibrium response and phase transitions
Creators: name: Sankar, Sarath
name: Tripathi, Vikram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding strongly correlated systems driven out of equilibrium is a challenging task necessitating the simultaneous treatment of quantum mechanics,dynamical constraints and strong interactions. A Mott insulator subjected to a uniform and static electric field is prototypical, raising key questions such as the fate of Bloch oscillations with increasing correlation strength, the approach to a steady state DC transport regime and the role of dissipation in it, and electric field driven phase transitions. We develop here an effective large-N Keldysh field theory for studying nonequilibrium transport in a regular one-dimensional dissipative Mott insulator system subjected to a uniform electric field. Upon abruptly turning on the electric field (a quench), a transient oscillatory current response reminiscent of Bloch oscillations is found. In the regime of small tunneling conductance the amplitude of these oscillations, over a large time window, decreases as an inverse square power-law in time, ultimately going over to an exponential decay beyond a large characteristic time that increases with N. Such a relaxation to a steady state DC response is absent in the dissipation free Hubbard chain at half filling. The steady state current at small fields is governed by large distance cotunneling, a process absent in the equilibrium counterpart. The low-field DC current has a Landau-Zener-Schwinger form but qualitatively differs from the expression for pair-production probability for the dissipation free counterpart. The breakdown of perturbation theory in the Mott phase possibly signals a nonequilibrium phase transition to a metallic phase. Our study sheds light on the approach of a driven, dissipative strongly correlated system to a nonequilibrium steady state and also provides a general analytic microscopic framework for understanding other nonequilibrium phenomena in these systems.
description: 38 pages, 6 figures
Low-energy electrons in GRB afterglow models
Creators: name: Jóhannesson, Guðlaugur
name: Björnsson, Gunnlaugur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows have long provided the most detailed information about the origin of this spectacular phenomena. The model that is most commonly used to extract physical properties of the event from the observations is the relativistic fireball model, where ejected material moving at relativistic speeds creates a shock wave when it interacts with the surrounding medium. Electrons are accelerated in the shock wave, generating the observed synchrotron emission through interactions with the magnetic field in the downstream medium. It is usually assumed that the accelerated electrons follow a simple power-law distribution in energy between specific energy boundaries and that no electron exists outside these boundaries. This work explores the consequences of adding a low-energy power-law segment to the electron distribution whose energy contributes insignificantly to the total energy budget of the distribution. The low-energy electrons have a significant impact on the radio emission, providing synchrotron absorption and emission at these long wavelengths. Shorter wavelengths are affected through the normalization of the distribution. The new model is used to analyze the light curves of GRB 990510 and the resulting parameters compared to a model without the extra electrons. The quality of the fit and the best fit parameters are significantly affected by the additional model component. The new component is in one case found to strongly affect the X-ray light curves showing how changes to the model at radio frequencies can affect light curves at other frequencies through changes in best fit model parameters.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL
Additional file 6 of Can polymorphisms of AMH/AMHR2 affect ovarian stimulation outcomes? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Chen, Di
name: Zhu, Xiangyu
name: Wu, Jielei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6.
On the gauge parameter dependence of QED
Creators: name: Sonoda, Hidenori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gauge parameter dependence of QED in the covariant gauge can be determined explicitly by introducing a Stueckelberg field, which is a non-interacting fictitious Goldstone boson field. Examples of QED with electrons or charged scalars are discussed. Our results generalize the long known results on the gauge parameter dependence of the wave function renormalization constant and the electron propagator.
description: 8 pages, no figure, LaTeX 2e
Spontaneous formation of spin lattices in semimagnetic exciton-polariton condensates
Creators: name: Miętki, Paweł
name: Matuszewski, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exciton-polariton microcavity that incorporates magnetic ions can exhibit a spontaneous self-trapping phenomenon which is an analog of the classical polaron effect. We investigate in detail the full model of a polariton condensate that includes pumping and losses, the spin degree of freedom, external magnetic field and energy relaxation. In the quasi-one-dimensional case, we show that the polaron effect can give rise to a spontaneous lattice of perfectly arranged polarization domains in an antiferromagnetic configuration. We find that partial polarization of the condensate at moderate magnetic field strengths facilitates the formation of such "polaron lattices", which are qualitatively different from self-trapped polarons that appear in a fully polarized condensate. Within the Bogoliubov-de Gennes approximation, we calculate the instability condition which marks the appearance of the patterns. Surprisingly, we find that the stability condition displays a discontinuity at the point of partial-full polarization threshold.
Additional file 1 of Clinical characteristics and molecular mechanisms underlying bladder cancer in individuals with spinal cord injury: a systematic review
Creators: name: Wang, Xin-Lei
name: Wang, Yi-Xuan
name: Chen, Jun-Zhi
name: Liu, Xin-Yu
name: Liu, Xing
name: Zhong, Qi-Kai
name: Zhao, Zi-Lin
name: Shi, Zhen-Duo
name: Han, Cong-Hui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
COMPTEL Observations of 3C 279 during the first 4 Years of the CGRO-Mission
Creators: name: Collmar, W.
name: Blom, J. J.
name: Bennett, K.
name: Bloemen, H.
name: Hermsen, W.
name: Ryan, J.
name: Schoenfelder, V.
name: Stacy, J. G.
name: Williams, O. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The COMPTEL experiment aboard the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (CGRO) has observed the gamma-ray blazar 3C 279 several times between April 1991 and September 1995. This paper reports on a consistent analysis of these observations using the most recent COMPTEL data analysis tools. Detections and non-detections of 3C 279 along the CGRO-mission indicate a time-variable MeV-flux. Spectral variability is indicated as well, however can not be significantly proven by spectral fitting. The average MeV-spectrum of 3C 279, as measured by COMPTEL over the four-year period, is consistent with a photon power-law slope of about -1.9. This spectrum smoothly connects to the simultaneous 30 MeV to 10 GeV spectrum obtained from an analysis of the combined EGRET observations. No spectral break is required to fit the time-averaged MeV- to GeV-spectrum of 3C 279.
description: 4 pages, 5 postscript figures, latex, appeared in: 'Proc. of 25th ICRC', Vol. 3, 101 (1997); eds. M.S. Potgieter, B.C. Raubenheimer, D.J. van der Walt, Durban, South Africa
Dissecting the impact of ribosome heterogeneity on cell-type-specific dendritic architecture
Creators: name: Center, Marvin
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2024

description:
Ribosomes are a key component of the protein homeostasis (proteostasis) network that controls protein synthesis, folding, and degradation, driving functional diversity and nervous system complexity. Proteostasis maintenance is challenging in neurons due to their unique morphology, which directly impacts neural connectivity and signal propagation. The importance of neuronal architecture in regulating nervous system function is highlighted by proteinopathic diseases and other neurological disorders that stem from dendritogenesis dysfunction.


Historically, ribosomes were thought to be homogenous machinery, but recent studies have instead suggested the concept of specialized ribosomes, which posits that ribosomes preferentially translate select mRNAs based on several factors, such as ribosome composition in different cell types. However, the mechanistic role of ribosome heterogeneity in regulating dendritic morphology remains unknown. Dissecting the impact of specialized ribosomes on morphology and neuronal function could be key to understanding disorders linked to ribosomal dysfunction, such as autism and microcephaly.


To address this, our lab previously conducted cell-type-specific morphological screening of thirty ribosomal proteins (RPs) in CI and CIV neurons in Drosophila melanogaster. Individual RPs were knocked down using the GAL4/UAS binary system, and the results showed that, while most knockdown affected dendritic morphology in both classes, select RP knockdown had a cell-type-specific effect. The effect of RP knockdown on ribosome localization along the dendritic arbor and at branch points was also investigated. Our results suggest that knockdown of RPs that disrupt dendritic morphology also causes defects in ribosome trafficking, indicating a cell-type specific requirement of RPs in maintaining neuronal architecture.


To determine the putative effects of ribosome heterogeneity on global protein translation, fluorescent non-canonical amino acid tagging (FUNCAT) was performed. When combined with cell-type-specific gene expression, FUNCAT allows for class-specific protein visualization and quantitative analysis of protein translation. Additionally, a preliminary ribosomal protein conservation study was performed to determine if certain ribosomal proteins are functionally conserved across species.
Computer modelling of connectivity change suggests epileptogenesis mechanisms in idiopathic generalised epilepsy
Creators: name: Sinha, Nishant
name: Wang, Yujiang
name: Dauwels, Justin
name: Kaiser, Marcus
name: Thesen, Thomas
name: Forsyth, Rob
name: Taylor, Peter Neal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Patients with idiopathic generalised epilepsy (IGE) typically have normal conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hence MRI based diagnosis is challenging. Anatomical abnormalities underlying brain dysfunctions in IGE are unclear and their relation to the pathomechanisms of epileptogenesis is poorly understood. In this study, we applied connectometry, an advanced quantitative neuroimaging technique for investigating localised changes in white-matter tissue. Analysing white matter structures of 32 subjects we incorporated our findings in a computational model of seizure dynamics to suggest a plausible mechanism of epileptogenesis. Patients with IGE have significant bilateral alterations in major white-matter fascicles. In the cingulum, fornix, and superior longitudinal fasciculus, tract integrity is compromised, whereas in specific parts of tracts between thalamus and the precentral gyrus, tract integrity is enhanced in patients. Combining these alterations in a logistic regression model, we computed the decision boundary that discriminated patients and controls. The computational model, informed with the findings on the tract abnormalities, specifically highlighted the importance of enhanced cortico-reticular connections along with impaired cortico-cortical connections in inducing pathological seizure-like dynamics. We emphasise taking directionality of brain connectivity into consideration towards understanding the pathological mechanisms; this is possible by combining neuroimaging and computational modelling. Our imaging evidence of structural alterations suggest the loss of cortico-cortical and enhancement of cortico-thalamic fibre integrity in IGE. We further suggest that impaired connectivity from cortical regions to the thalamic reticular nucleus offers a therapeutic target for selectively modifying the brain circuit for reversing the mechanisms leading to epileptogenesis.
title: Design and Implementation of an Aircraft Human-In-The-Loop Engineering Simulator
Creators: name: Reed, Joshua
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2014

description: Simulation is a powerful tool for examining a dynamic system or process, but ensuring the model represents the real world sufficiently well for a given objective is difficult. This thesis will present and explain the methodology used to design a Human-In-The-Loop Engineering Aircraft Simulator. For aircraft simulation, numerical methods must be employed to perform the calculations required. The number of required calculations per second is computationally and resource expensive. Some existing aircraft simulations trade off mathematical accuracy of the model so available computing power can be used to run a human interface. Conversely, another simulator may have a very poor human interface but can produce extremely accurate data. One approach to a solution is to develop software with an architecture that can achieve a balance between a simulator that is both usable for a human and mathematically accurate. The infrastructure that makes up the software architecture can be grouped into three systems: aircraft motion propagation, cockpit scenery generation, and human inceptor excitation. At the conception of this thesis, hardware and software existed and implemented a design that was incapable of producing real-time simulation. The hardware that made up the cockpit was reused; however, improvements to the software were made. The previous system governing aircraft motion propagation used MatLab to handle numerical computations. Open source software called FlightGear was used to perform cockpit scenery generation. Lab View was used to perform the analog to digital conversion to read in the human control inceptors. The entire software architecture was reconstituted in the C programming language. The new software handles all the required numerical computations required for aircraft motion propagation and data input and output with the other systems. The improved architecture resulted in a simulator capable of producing mathematically accurate data in real-time with a human-in-the-loop.
Domain wall fermion zero modes on classical topological backgrounds
Creators: name: Chen, P.
name: Christ, N.
name: Fleming, G.
name: Kaehler, A.
name: Malureanu, C.
name: Mawhinney, R.
name: Sui, C.
name: Vranas, P.
name: Zhestkov, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The domain wall approach to lattice fermions employs an additional dimension, in which gauge fields are merely replicated, to separate the chiral components of a Dirac fermion. It is known that in the limit of infinite separation in this new dimension, domain wall fermions have exact zero modes, even for gauge fields which are not smooth. We explore the effects of finite extent in the fifth dimension on the zero modes for both smooth and non-smooth topological configurations and find that a fifth dimension of around ten sites is sufficient to clearly show zero mode effects. This small value for the extent of the fifth dimension indicates the practical utility of this technique for numerical simulations of QCD.
description: Updated fig. 3-7, small changes in sect. 3, added fig. 8, added more references
From colored glass condensate to gluon plasma: equilibration in high energy heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Bjoraker, Jefferson
name: Venugopalan, Raju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The initial distribution of gluons at the very early times after a high energy heavy ion collision is described by the bulk scale $Q_s$ of gluon saturation in the nuclear wavefunction. The subsequent evolution of the system towards kinetic equilibrium is described by a non-linear Landau equation for the single particle distributions \cite{Mueller1,Mueller2}. In this paper, we solve this equation numerically for the idealized initial conditions proposed by Mueller, and study the evolution of the system to equilibrium. We discuss the sensitivity of our results on the dynamical screening of collinear divergences. In a particular model of dynamical screening, the convergence to the hydrodynamic limit is seen to be rapid relative to hydrodynamic time scales. The equilibration time, the initial temperature, and the chemical potential are shown to have a strong functional dependence on the initial gluon saturation scale $Q_s$.
description: 34 pages, 10 figures
Coherent deeply virtual Compton scattering off $^4$He
Creators: name: Fucini, Sara
name: Scopetta, Sergio
name: Viviani, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent Deeply virtual Compton scattering off the $^4$He nucleus is studied in impulse approximation. A convolution formula for the nuclear Generalized Parton Distribution (GPD) is derived in terms of the $^4$He non-diagonal spectral function and of the GPD of the struck nucleon. A model of the nuclear non diagonal spectral function, based on the momentum distribution corresponding to the AV18 nucleon-nucleon interaction, is used in the actual calculation. Typical impulse approximation results are reproduced, in proper limits, for the nuclear form factor and for nuclear parton distributions. The nuclear generalized parton distribution and the Compton form factor are evaluated using, as nucleonic ingredient, a well known generalized parton distribution model. An overall very good agreement is found with the data recently published by the EG6 experiment at the Jefferson Laboratory (JLab). More refined nuclear calculations are addressed and will be necessary for the expected improved accuracy of the next generation of experiments at JLab, with the 12 GeV electron beam and high luminosity.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
title: Erosion of Yellow Brass and Type 304 Stainless Steel in a Gas Blown Spark Gap
Creators: name: Reddy, Rakasi Madhava
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1986

description: Erosion rates of yellow brass and type 304 stainless steel electrodes were studied in air under pulse discharge conditions at a voltage of 100 kV, a current of 20 kA, and pulse durations of 70 ns. Anodes and cathodes, configured vertically, were fitted with removable hemispherical tips having a diameter of 0.95 cm and a mass of 3 gm. Tests were conducted inside a low speed, high pressure wind tunnel at pressures of 30 and 50 psig and air velocities ranging from 0 to 36 nm/s.

Erosion was studied gravimetrically for several flow velocities. As many as 60,000 discharges were recorded at a given velocity for a set of tips. Surface topology was monitored using the scanning electron microscope (SEM). A rather surprising result was that increasing the velocity of the air flow consistently led to a decrease in the rate of erosion. It was also noted that increasing the pressure increased the erosion rate, and that brass and stainless steel electrodes eroded at approximately the sarne rate when tested under the same conditions. Results for brass indicate that for all conditions studied, at the relatively small charge transfers considered (approximately 3 mC per shot), the top electrode, which was initially the anode, eroded at about twice the rate of the bottom one. A method was developed for measuring the depth of cracks produced on electrode surfaces as the result of spark gap operation, and it was applied to the case of the stainless steel electrodes. In addition, the early stages of electrode deterioration were observed for brass using the SEM. These results were interpreted by a theory which explains the formation of surface boundaries which consist of craters and cracks on the eroded electrode tips.
Chiral Symmetry Breaking and Restoration in (2+1) Dimensions from Holography: Magnetic and Inverse Magnetic Catalysis
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Diego M.
name: Li, Danning
name: Capossoli, Eduardo Folco
name: Boschi-Filho, Henrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the chiral symmetry breaking and restoration in $ (2+1) $-dimensional gauge theories from the holographic hard and softwall models. We describe the behavior of the chiral condensate in the presence of an external magnetic field for both models at finite temperature. For the hardwall model we find Magnetic Catalysis (MC) in different set ups. For the softwall model we find Inverse Magnetic Catalysis (IMC) and MC in different situations. We also find for the softwall model a crossover transition from IMC to MC at a pseudocritical magnetic field. This study also shows spontaneous symmetry breaking for both models. Interestingly, for $B=0$ in the softwall model we found a nontrivial expectation value for the chiral condensate.
description: V2: 24 pages, 18 figures. Text improved. Typos corrected. New subsection created. New figures added. New references added. Results unchanged. This version matches the published one in PRD