cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Search for a new pseudoscalar decaying into a pair of muons in events with a top-quark pair at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for a new pseudoscalar $a$-boson produced in events with a top-quark pair, where the $a$-boson decays into a pair of muons, is performed using $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV $pp$ collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $139\, \mathrm{fb}^{-1}$. The search targets the final state where only one top quark decays to an electron or muon, resulting in a signature with three leptons $eμμ$ and $μμμ$. No significant excess of events above the Standard Model expectation is observed and upper limits are set on two signal models: $pp \rightarrow t\bar{t}a$ and $pp \rightarrow t\bar{t}$ with $t \rightarrow H^\pm b$, $H^\pm \rightarrow W^\pm a$, where $a\rightarrowμμ$, in the mass ranges $15$ GeV $ < m_a < 72$ GeV and $120$ GeV $ \leq m_{H^{\pm}} \leq 160$ GeV.
description: 37 pages in total, author list starting page 20, 5 figures, 2 tables. All figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HDBS-2020-12/
An Asymptotically Equivalent GLRT Test for Distributed Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Maya, Juan Augusto
name: Vega, Leonardo Rey
name: Tonello, Andrea M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this article, we consider the problem of distributed detection of a localized radio source emitting a signal. We consider that geographically distributed sensor nodes obtain energy measurements and compute cooperatively a statistic to decide if the source is present or absent. We model the radio source as a stochastic signal and deal with spatially statistically dependent measurements, whose probability density function (PDF) has unknown positive parameters when the radio source is active. Under the framework of the Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT) theory, the positive constraint on the unknown multidimensional parameter makes the computation of the GLRT asymptotic performance (when the amount of sensor measurements tends to infinity) more involved. Nevertheless, we analytically characterize the asymptotic distribution of the statistic. Moreover, as the GLRT is not amenable for distributed settings because of the spatial statistical dependence of the measurements, we study a GLRT-like test where the joint PDF of the measurements is substituted by the product of its marginal PDFs, and therefore, the statistical dependence is completely discarded for building this test. Nevertheless, its asymptotic performance is proved to be identical to the original GLRT, showing that the statistically dependence of the measurements has no impact on the detection performance in the asymptotic scenario. Furthermore, the GLRT-like algorithm has a low computational complexity and demands low communication resources, as compared to the GLRT.
Recent updates on the ArDM project: A Liquid Argon TPC for Dark Matter Detection
Creators: name: Boccone, Vittorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ArDM is a new-generation WIMP detector which will measure simultaneously light and charge from scintillation and ionization of liquid argon. Our goal is to construct, characterize and operate a 1 ton liquid argon underground detector. The project relies on the possibility to extract the electrons produced by ionization from the liquid into the gas phase of the detector, to amplify and read out with Large Electron Multipliers detectors. Argon VUV scintillation light has to be converted with wavelength shifters such as TetraPhenyl Butadiene in order to be detected by photomultipliers with bialkali photocathodes. We describe the status of the LEM based charge readout and light readout system R&D and the first light readout tests with warm and cold argon gas in the full size detector.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, Talk given at the XIII International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics (CALOR08), May 2008, Pavia, Italy
Realizing Kagome Band Structure in Two-Dimensional Kagome Surface States of $RV_{6}Sn_{6}$ ($R$=Gd,Ho)
Creators: name: Peng, Shuting
name: Han, Yulei
name: Pokharel, Ganesh
name: Shen, Jianchang
name: Li, Zeyu
name: Hashimoto, Makoto
name: Lu, Donghui
name: Ortiz, Brenden R.
name: Luo, Yang
name: Li, Houchen
name: Guo, Mingyao
name: Wang, Bingqian
name: Cui, Shengtao
name: Sun, Zhe
name: Qiao, Zhenhua
name: Wilson, Stephen D.
name: He, Junfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report angle resolved photoemission experiments on a newly discovered family of kagome metals $RV_{6}Sn_{6}$ ($R$=Gd, Ho). Intrinsic bulk states and surface states of the vanadium kagome layer are differentiated from those of other atomic sublattices by the real-space resolution of the measurements with a small beam spot. Characteristic Dirac cone, saddle point and flat bands of the kagome lattice are observed. Our results establish the two-dimensional (2D) kagome surface states as a new platform to investigate the intrinsic kagome physics.
description: Authors' version of the manuscript
Un dialetto globale? Riflessioni sulla musica d’arte europea a Hong Kong
Creators: name: Biancorosso, Giorgio
Publisher: name: Dipartimento delle Arti - Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014

description: Il saggio presenta in forma concisa alcune delle domande e suggestioni metodologiche emerse durante la mia attività di ricercatore e insegnante di musicologia a Hong Kong. L'ex colonia britannica presenta opportunità uniche a chi si voglia occupare di musica, anche occidentale colta. Quest'ultima è però preda dalla vocazione prettamente imprenditoriale della città, la quale, nel facilitare la promozione di attitivita' che in Italia fanno fatica a trovare adeguati finanziamenti, ne snatura il ruolo e le finalità. Hong Kong rimane per questo terreno fertilissimo per chi voglia osservare da vicino processi di acculturazione e mediazione. A conclusione dell'intervento, riprendo alcune osservazioni di Schlegel su Shakespeare e mi chiedo fino a che punto la rivoluzione digitale e mediatica degli ultimi decenni abbia mutato il processo di traduzione culturale, interrogandomi al contempo sul mio ruolo di 'partecipe osservatore'.
description: Musica Docta, 2014: Transmission of musical knowledge: Constructing a European citizenship
Probing High Parton Densities at Low-$x$ in d+Au Collisions at PHENIX Using the New Forward and Backward Muon Piston Calorimeters
Creators: name: Meredith, Beau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new forward Muon Piston Calorimeters allow PHENIX to explore low-$x$ parton distributions in d+Au collisions with hopes of observing gluon saturation. We present a two-particle azimuthal $Δϕ$ correlation measurement made between a mid-rapidity particle ($|η_1| < 0.35$) and a forward $π^0$ ($3.1 < η_2 < 3.9$) wherein we compare correlation widths in d+Au to p+p and compute $I_{dA}$.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures - To appear in the conference proceedings for Quark Matter 2009, March 30 - April 4, Knoxville, Tennessee
Un marqueur expressif, le /io/ alsacien
Creators: name: Vogler
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: german dialectology

description: Pour un non Alsacien, la sempiternelle interjection /io/, réalisée en apparence dans n'importe quelle situation, fournit une occasion d'amusement ou de moquerie. En réalité son emploi, parfaitement codifié, relève bien de la langue et, comme moyen expressif, mérite un examen de détail. Les exemples proviennent du dialecte mulhousien.
Color Deconfinement and Charmonium Production in Nuclear Collisions
Creators: name: Kluberg, Louis
name: Satz, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In statistical QCD, color deconfinement and the properties of the quark-gluon plasma determine the in-medium behavior of heavy quark bound states. In high energy nuclear collisions, charmonia probe the partonic medium produced in the early stages of the interaction. We survey the present theoretical status and provide a critical evaluation of the charmonium production measurements in experiments at the CERN-SPS and the BNL-RHIC.
description: 62 pages, 86 figures
Assimilation of Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellite data in a regional numerical weather prediction model using a one-dimensional variational approach
Creators: name: Elementi, Marco <1978>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2007
Subjects: FIS/06 Fisica per il sistema terra e il mezzo circumterrestre

description: The quality of temperature and humidity retrievals from the infrared SEVIRI sensors on
the geostationary Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellites is assessed by means of a
one dimensional variational algorithm. The study is performed with the aim of improving
the spatial and temporal resolution of available observations to feed analysis systems designed
for high resolution regional scale numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. The
non-hydrostatic forecast model COSMO (COnsortium for Small scale MOdelling) in the
ARPA-SIM operational configuration is used to provide background fields. Only clear sky
observations over sea are processed.
An optimised 1D–VAR set-up comprising of the two water vapour and the three window
channels is selected. It maximises the reduction of errors in the model backgrounds while
ensuring ease of operational implementation through accurate bias correction procedures and
correct radiative transfer simulations.
The 1D–VAR retrieval quality is firstly quantified in relative terms employing statistics
to estimate the reduction in the background model errors. Additionally the absolute retrieval
accuracy is assessed comparing the analysis with independent radiosonde and satellite observations.
The inclusion of satellite data brings a substantial reduction in the warm and dry
biases present in the forecast model. Moreover it is shown that the retrieval profiles generated
by the 1D–VAR are well correlated with the radiosonde measurements.
Subsequently the 1D–VAR technique is applied to two three–dimensional case–studies:
a false alarm case–study occurred in Friuli–Venezia–Giulia on the 8th of July 2004 and a
heavy precipitation case occurred in Emilia–Romagna region between 9th and 12th of April 2005. The impact of satellite data for these two events is evaluated in terms of increments
in the integrated water vapour and saturation water vapour over the column, in the 2 meters
temperature and specific humidity and in the surface temperature.
To improve the 1D–VAR technique a method to calculate flow–dependent model error
covariance matrices is also assessed. The approach employs members from an ensemble
forecast system generated by perturbing physical parameterisation schemes inside the model.
The improved set–up applied to the case of 8th of July 2004 shows a substantial neutral
impact.
Multilaminati piezoelettrici a gradiente funzionale
Creators: name: Mercadelli, Elisa <1982>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2010
Subjects: CHIM/04 Chimica industriale

description: Aim of this thesis was the production of porosity-graded piezoelectric ceramics for ultrasonic applications by tape casting and screen printing. The study and optimization of each single step of the tape casting process allowed to produce flat and crack-free multilayers of Pb0.988(Zr0.52Ti0.48)0.976Nb0.024O3 (PZTN) of uniform and graded porosity. The multilayers of thickness ranging between 400 and 800 µm were produced stacking optimized green layers with different amount of pore former. The functionally graded materials showed porosity ranging between 10 and 30% with piezoelectric properties suitable for the specific ultrasonic applications.
Screen printing inks of PZTN for deposition onto four different substrates were studied and optimized. Thick films with thickness ranging between 4 and 20 µm were produced tailoring the screen printing parameters and number of depositions.
Additional file 1 of Circulating levels of IL-33 are elevated by obesity and positively correlated with metabolic disorders in Chinese adults
Creators: name: Tang, Haoneng
name: Liu, Ning
name: Feng, Xiaojing
name: Yang, Yanyi
name: Fang, Yiyuan
name: Zhuang, Siqi
name: Dai, Yufeng
name: Liu, Meilian
name: Tang, Lingli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Methods for the determination of the studied biochemical parameters.
Investigating Pose Representations and Motion Contexts Modeling for 3D Motion Prediction
Creators: name: Liu, Zhenguang
name: Wu, Shuang
name: Jin, Shuyuan
name: Ji, Shouling
name: Liu, Qi
name: Lu, Shijian
name: Cheng, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Predicting human motion from historical pose sequence is crucial for a machine to succeed in intelligent interactions with humans. One aspect that has been obviated so far, is the fact that how we represent the skeletal pose has a critical impact on the prediction results. Yet there is no effort that investigates across different pose representation schemes. We conduct an indepth study on various pose representations with a focus on their effects on the motion prediction task. Moreover, recent approaches build upon off-the-shelf RNN units for motion prediction. These approaches process input pose sequence sequentially and inherently have difficulties in capturing long-term dependencies. In this paper, we propose a novel RNN architecture termed AHMR (Attentive Hierarchical Motion Recurrent network) for motion prediction which simultaneously models local motion contexts and a global context. We further explore a geodesic loss and a forward kinematics loss for the motion prediction task, which have more geometric significance than the widely employed L2 loss. Interestingly, we applied our method to a range of articulate objects including human, fish, and mouse. Empirical results show that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in short-term prediction and achieves much enhanced long-term prediction proficiency, such as retaining natural human-like motions over 50 seconds predictions. Our codes are released.
description: Accepted to IEEE TPAMI, 27 Dec. 2021
Multiple polaritonic edge states in a Su-Schrieffer-Heeger chain strongly coupled to a multimode cavity
Creators: name: Allard, Thomas F.
name: Weick, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dimerized chain of dipolar emitters strongly coupled to a multimode optical waveguide cavity is studied. By integrating out the photonic degrees of freedom of the cavity, the system is recast in a two-band model with an effective coupling, so that it mimics a variation of the paradigmatic Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model, which features a nontrivial topological phase and hosts topological edge states. In the strong-coupling regime, the cavity photons hybridize the bright dipolar bulk band into a polaritonic one, renormalizing the eigenspectrum and strongly breaking chiral symmetry. This leads to a formal loss of the in-gap edge states present in the topological phase while they merge into the polaritonic bulk band. Interestingly, however, we find that bulk polaritons entering in resonance with the edge states inherit part of their localization properties, so that multiple polaritonic edge states are observed. Although these states are not fully localized on the edges, they present unusual properties. In particular, due to their delocalized bulk part, owing from their polaritonic nature, such edge states exhibit efficient edge-to-edge transport characteristics. Instead of being degenerate, they occupy a large portion of the spectrum, allowing one to probe them in a wide driving frequency range. Moreover, being reminiscent of symmetry-protected topological edge states, they feature a strong tolerance to positional disorder.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Controlling Nanogap Quantum Dot Photoconductivity through Optoelectronic Trap Manipulation
Creators: name: Willis, Lauren J.
name: Fairfield, Jessamyn A.
name: Dadosh, Tali
name: Fischbein, Michael D.
name: Drndic, Marija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanoscale devices are being extensively studied for their tunable electronic and optical properties, but the influence of impurities and defects is amplified at these length scales and can lead to poorly understood variations in characteristics of semiconducting materials. By performing a large ensemble of photoconductivity measurements in nanogaps bridged by core-shell CdSe/ZnS semiconductor nanocrystals, we discover optoelectronic methods for affecting solid-state charge trap populations. We introduce a model that unifies previous work and transforms the problem of irreproducibility in nanocrystal electronic properties into a reproducible and robust photocurrent response due to trap state manipulation. Because traps dominate many physical processes, these findings may lead to improved performance and device tunability for various nanoscale applications through the control and optimization of impurities and defects.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, supporting information
Non-uniform magnetization profile in ferromagnetic heterostructures leading to topological Hall effect like signatures
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Nandana
name: Middey, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anomalous Hall effect (AHE), which arises when a current is passed through a ferromagnetic material subjected to a perpendicular magnetic field, is proportional to the magnetization of the sample.Additional hump-like features in AHE are often attributed to the presence of non trivial spin textures leading to topological Hall effect (THE). However, several recent reports have emphasized in context of ferromagnetic SrRuO$_3$ based heterostructures that the sample inhomogeneity can also result in THE-like features. In order to investigate this issue in general for any ferromagnetic heterostructure, we have considered a phenomenological model to calculate the changes in the shape of hysteresis loop due to various interfacial effects. These changes in the magnetization have been accounted for by considering that the interdomain magnetic coupling parameter ($α$) varies exponentially with the distance from the interface along the growth direction of the heterostructure. In case of symmetric interfaces on both sides of a ferromagnet, we have considered the variation of $α$ as a Gaussian function. We have found that the additional AHE contribution due to the net change in magnetization in such cases are akin to experimentally observed THE, even though we have not considered any topological quantity explicitly in our model. Thus, we propose another situation with nonuniform magnetization profile that may be used to explain additional features in AHE, which might not necessarily be intrinsic THE.
description: Article in press, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
The Nordic Optical Telescope
Creators: name: Djupvik, Anlaug Amanda
name: Andersen, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An overview of the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT) is presented. Emphasis is on current capabilities of direct interest to the scientific user community, including instruments. Educational services and prospects and strategies for the future are discussed briefly as well.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, Invited talk, To appear in the proceedings "Highlights of Spanish Astrophysics V " Proceedings of the VIII Scientific Meeting of the Spanish Astronomical Society (SEA) held in Santander, July 7-11, 2008
Using two- and Three-particle correlations to probe strongly interacting partonic matter
Creators: name: Holzmann, Wolf G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The latest two- and three-particle correlation measurements obtained by the PHENIX collaboration are presented. Three-particle correlations are consistent with the presence of conical emission patterns in the data. Two-particle correlations relative to the collision geometry reveal strong shape and yield modifications of the away-side jet, that depend on the orientation of the trigger particle with respect to the event plane. A difference in the geometry dependence of the per trigger yields in the regions around $Δϕ\approx π$ and $Δϕ\approx π\pm 1.1$ can be understood by a different geometry dependence of jet energy loss and the medium response to the deposited energy.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures - To appear in the conference proceedings for Quark Matter 2009, March 30 - April 4, Knoxville, Tennessee
ANN-based energy reconstruction procedure for TACTIC gamma-ray telescope and its comparison with other conventional methods
Creators: name: Dhar, V. K.
name: Tickoo, A. K.
name: Koul, M. K.
name: Rannot, R. C.
name: Yadav, K. K.
name: Chandra, P.
name: Dubey, B. P.
name: Koul, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy estimation procedures employed by different groups, for determining the energy of the primary $γ$-ray using a single atmospheric Cherenkov imaging telescope, include methods like polynomial fitting in SIZE and DISTANCE, general least square fitting and look-up table based interpolation. A novel energy reconstruction procedure, based on the utilization of Artificial Neural Network (ANN), has been developed for the TACTIC atmospheric Cherenkov imaging telescope. The procedure uses a 3:30:1 ANN configuration with resilient backpropagation algorithm to estimate the energy of a $γ$-ray like event on the basis of its image SIZE, DISTANCE and zenith angle. The new ANN-based energy reconstruction method, apart from yielding an energy resolution of $\sim$ 26%, which is comparable to that of other single imaging telescopes, has the added advantage that it considers zenith angle dependence as well. Details of the ANN-based energy estimation procedure along with its comparative performance with other conventional energy reconstruction methods are presented in the paper and the results indicate that amongst all the methods considered in this work, ANN method yields the best results. The performance of the ANN-based energy reconstruction has also been validated by determining the energy spectrum of the Crab Nebula in the energy range 1-16 TeV, as measured by the TACTIC telescope.
description: 23pages, 9 figures Accepted for publication in NIM A
The Graph and Range Singularity Spectra of Random Wavelet Series built from Gibbs measures
Creators: name: Jin, Xiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37D35

description: We consider multifractal random wavelet series built from Gibbs measures, and study the singularity spectra associated with the graph and range of these functions restricted to their iso-Hölder sets. To obtain these singularity spectra, we use a family of Gibbs measures defined on a sequence of topologically transitive subshift of finite type whose Hausdorff distance to the set of zeros of the mother wavelet tends to 0.
description: 30 pages
Additional file 1 of The association between introduction of the micro-axial flow pump Impella in hospitals and in-hospital mortality in patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: interrupted time-series analyses
Creators: name: Nakata, Jun
name: Ohbe, Hiroyuki
name: Takiguchi, Toru
name: Nishimoto, Yuji
name: Nakajima, Mikio
name: Sasabuchi, Yusuke
name: Isogai, Toshiaki
name: Matsui, Hiroki
name: Yamamoto, Takeshi
name: Yokobori, Shoji
name: Asai, Kuniya
name: Yasunaga, Hideo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Galois points for a normal hypersurface
Creators: name: Fukasawa, Satoru
name: Takahashi, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J70, 12F10

description: We study Galois points for a hypersurface $X$ with $\dim {\rm Sing}(X) \le \dim X-2$. The purpose of this article is to determine the set $Δ(X)$ of Galois points in characteristic zero: Indeed, we give a sharp upper bound of the number of Galois points in terms of $\dim X$ and $\dim {\rm Sing}(X)$ if $Δ(X)$ is a finite set, and prove that $X$ is a cone if $Δ(X)$ is infinite. To achieve our purpose, we need a certain hyperplane section theorem on Galois point. We prove this theorem in arbitrary characteristic. On the other hand, the hyperplane section theorem has other important applications: For example, we can classify the Galois group induced from a Galois point in arbitrary characteristic and determine the distribution of Galois points for a Fermat hypersurface of degree $p^e+1$ in characteristic $p>0$.
description: 19 pages
Black holes that are too cold to respect cosmic censorship
Creators: name: Hod, Shahar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this essay it is proved that there are black holes that are dangerously cold. In particular, by analyzing the emission spectra of highly charged black holes we reveal the fact that near-extremal black holes whose Bekenstein-Hawking temperatures lie in the regime $T_{\text{BH}}\lesssim m^6_e/e^3$ may turn into horizonless naked singularities, thus violating the cosmic censorship principle, if they emit a photon with the characteristic thermal energy $ω=O(T_{\text{BH}})$ [here $\{m_e,e\}$ are respectively the proper mass and the electric charge of the electron, the lightest charged particle]. We therefore raise here the conjecture that, in the yet unknown quantum theory of gravity, the temperatures of well behaved black-hole spacetimes are fundamentally bounded from below by the relation $T_{\text{BH}}\gtrsim m^6_e/e^3$.
description: This essay is awarded 4th Prize in the 2023 Essay Competition of the Gravity Research Foundation. 8 pages
Quantum imaging of a polarisation sensitive phase pattern with hyper-entangled photons
Creators: name: Kaur, Manpreet
name: Singh, Mandip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A transparent polarisation sensitive phase pattern makes a polarisation dependent transformation of quantum state of photons without absorbing them. Such an invisible pattern can be imaged with quantum entangled photons by making joint quantum measurements on photons. This paper shows a long path experiment to quantum image a transparent polarisation sensitive phase pattern with hyper-entangled photon pairs involving momentum and polarisation degrees of freedom. In the imaging configuration, a single photon interacts with the pattern while the other photon, which has never interacted with the pattern, is measured jointly in a chosen polarisation basis and in a quantum superposition basis of its position which is equivalent to measuring its momentum. Individual photons of each hyper-entangled pair cannot provide a complete image information. The image is constructed by measuring the polarisation state and position of the interacting photon corresponding to a measurement outcome of the non-interacting photon. This paper presents a detailed concept, theory and free space long path experiments on quantum imaging of polarisation sensitive phase patterns.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Reasoning in circles
Creators: name: Iemhoff, Rosalie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03B45, 03F45, 03F07

description: Circular proofs, introduced by Daniyar Shamkanov, are proofs in which assumptions are allowed that are not axioms but do appear at least twice along a branch. Shamkanov has shown that a formula belongs to the provability logic GL exactly if it has a circular proof in the modal logic K4. Shamkanov uses Tait style proof systems and infinitary proofs. In this paper we prove the same result but then for sequent calculi and without the detour via infinitary systems. We also obtain a mild generalisation of the result, implying that its intuitionistic analogue holds as well.
Turning the Tides on the Ultra-Faint Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies: Coma Berenices and Ursa Major II
Creators: name: Munoz, Ricardo R.
name: Geha, Marla
name: Willman, Beth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep CFHT/MegaCam photometry of the ultra-faint Milky Way satellite galaxies Coma Berenices (ComBer) and Ursa Major II (UMa II). These data extend to r~25, corresponding to three magnitudes below the main sequence turn-offs in these galaxies. We robustly calculate a total luminosity of M_V=-3.8 +/- 0.6 for ComBer and M_V=-3.9 +/- 0.5 for UMa II, in agreement with previous results. ComBer shows a fairly regular morphology with no signs of active tidal stripping down to a surface brightness limit of 32.4 magarcsec^-2. Using a maximum likelihood analysis, we calculate the half-light radius of ComBer to be r_half=74 +/- 4 pc (5.8 +/- 0.3 arcmin) and its ellipticity e=0.36 +/- 0.04. In contrast, UMa II shows signs of on-going disruption. We map its morphology down to mu_V=32.6 mag arcsec^-2 and found that UMa II is larger than previously determined, extending at least ~700 pc (1.2 deg on the sky) and it is also quite elongated with an ellipticity of e=0.50 +/- 0.2. However, our estimate for the half-light radius, 123 +/- 3 pc (14.1 +/- 0.3 arcmin) is similar to previous results. We discuss the implications of these findings in the context of potential indirect dark matter detections and galaxy formation. We conclude that while ComBer appears to be a stable dwarf galaxy, UMa II shows signs of on-going tidal interaction.
description: Submitted to AJ
Machine-Created Universal Language for Cross-lingual Transfer
Creators: name: Liang, Yaobo
name: Zhu, Quanzhi
name: Zhao, Junhe
name: Duan, Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There are two primary approaches to addressing cross-lingual transfer: multilingual pre-training, which implicitly aligns the hidden representations of various languages, and translate-test, which explicitly translates different languages into an intermediate language, such as English. Translate-test offers better interpretability compared to multilingual pre-training. However, it has lower performance than multilingual pre-training(Conneau and Lample, 2019; Conneau et al, 2020) and struggles with word-level tasks due to translation altering word order. As a result, we propose a new Machine-created Universal Language (MUL) as an alternative intermediate language. MUL comprises a set of discrete symbols forming a universal vocabulary and a natural language to MUL translator for converting multiple natural languages to MUL. MUL unifies shared concepts from various languages into a single universal word, enhancing cross-language transfer. Additionally, MUL retains language-specific words and word order, allowing the model to be easily applied to word-level tasks. Our experiments demonstrate that translating into MUL yields improved performance compared to multilingual pre-training, and our analysis indicates that MUL possesses strong interpretability. The code is at: https://github.com/microsoft/Unicoder/tree/master/MCUL.
Single production of vectorlike $B$ quarks at the CLIC
Creators: name: Han, Jin-Zhong
name: Yang, Jing
name: Xu, Shuai
name: Wang, Han-Kui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vector-like quarks are predicted in many new physics scenarios beyond the Standard Model~(SM) and could be seen potential signatures of new physics at the TeV energy scale. In this work, we study single production of exotic singlet and doublet vectorlike bottom quarks (VLQ-$B$) at future Compact Linear Collider~(CLIC) via the process $e^{+}e^{-}\to B\bar{b}$ with the decay channel $B\to bZ$ and two types of modes: $Z\to \ell^{+}\ell^{-}$ and $Z\to ν\barν$. We calculate the cross sections of signal and relevant SM backgrounds. After a fast simulation of the signal and background events, the exclusion limit at 95\% confidence level and $5σ$ discovery prospects on the parameters (the coupling strength $κ_{B}$ and the VLQ-$B$ mass) have been, respectively, presented at the future CLIC with centre of mass energy $\sqrt{s}=3$ TeV and integrated luminosity of 5~ab$^{-1}$.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
An evolved donor star in the long-period cataclysmic variable HS 0218+3229
Creators: name: Rodríguez-Gil, P.
name: Torres, M. A. P.
name: Gänsicke, B. T.
name: Muñoz-Darias, T.
name: Steeghs, D.
name: Schwarz, R.
name: Rau, A.
name: Hagen, H. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. We present time-resolved spectroscopy and photometry of HS 0218+3229, a new long-period cataclysmic variable discovered within the Hamburg Quasar Survey. It is one of the few systems that allow a dynamical measurement of the masses of the stellar components. Aims. We combine the analysis of time-resolved optical spectroscopy and R-band photometry with the aim of measuring the mass of the white dwarf and the donor star and the orbital inclination. Methods. Cross-correlation of the spectra with K-type dwarf templates is used to derive the radial velocity curve of the donor star. An optimal subtraction of the broadened templates is performed to measure the rotational broadening and constrain the spectral type of the donor. Finally, an ellipsoidal model is fitted to the R-band light curve to obtain constraints upon the orbital inclination of the binary system. Results. The orbital period of HS 0218+3229 is found to be 0.297229661 +- 0.000000001 d (7.13351186 +- 0.00000002 h), and the amplitude of the donor's radial velocity curve is K2 = 162.4 +- 1.4 km/s. Modelling the ellipsoidal light curves gives an orbital inclination in the range i = 59 +- 3 deg. A rotational broadening between 82.4 +- 1.2 km/s and 89.4 +- 1.3 km/s is found when assuming zero and continuum limb darkening, respectively. The secondary star has most likely a spectral type K5 and contributes ~ 80-85% to the R-band light. Our analysis yields a mass ratio of 0.52 < q < 0.65, a white dwarf mass of 0.44 < M1(Msol) < 0.65, and a donor star mass of 0.23 < M2(Msol) < 0.44. Conclusions. We find that the donor star in HS 0218+3229 is significantly undermassive for its spectral type. It is therefore very likely that it has undergone nuclear evolution prior to the onset of mass transfer.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Extended uncertainty principle and Van der Waals black holes
Creators: name: Oubagha, R.
name: Hamil, B.
name: Lütfüoğlu, B. C.
name: Merad, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: F.0
subject: 00-01

description: In this manuscript, we investigate the extended uncertainty principle (EUP) effects on the Van der Waals (VdW) black holes whose thermal quantities mimic the VdW liquid. We find that the considered formalism imposes an upper bound on the event horizon radius. Thus, the mass, Hawking temperature, and heat capacity become physically meaningful within a certain range of event horizon radii. At a large event horizon radius the black hole has a remnant. We observe that for a given set of parameters, the VdW black hole can be completely unstable for all horizon radii, while for another set of parameters, it can be unstable or stable depending on the horizon radius.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures
Universal magnetic structure of the half-magnetization phase in Cr-based spinels
Creators: name: Matsuda, M.
name: Ohoyama, K.
name: Yoshii, S.
name: Nojiri, H.
name: Frings, P.
name: Duc, F.
name: Vignolle, B.
name: Rikken, G. L. J. A.
name: Regnault, L. -P.
name: Lee, S. -H.
name: Ueda, H.
name: Ueda, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using an elastic neutron scattering technique under a pulsed magnetic field up to 30 T, we determined the magnetic structure in the half-magnetization plateau phase in the spinel CdCr$_2$O$_4$. The magnetic structure has a cubic $P4_3$32 symmetry, which is the same as that observed in HgCr$_2$O$_4$. This suggests that there is a universal field induced spin-lattice coupling mechanism at work in the Cr-based spinels.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
The Distribution and Cosmic Density of Relativistic Iron Lines in Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Ballantyne, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray observations of several active galactic nuclei show prominent iron K-shell fluorescence lines that are sculpted due to special and general relativistic effects. These observations are important because they probe the space-time geometry close to distant black holes. However, the intrinsic distribution of Fe line strengths in the cosmos has never been determined. This uncertainty has contributed to the controversy surrounding the relativistic interpretation of the emission feature. Now, by making use of the latest multi-wavelength data, we show theoretical predictions of the cosmic density of relativistic Fe lines as a function of their equivalent width and line flux. We are able to show unequivocally that the most common relativistic iron lines in the universe will be produced by neutral iron fluorescence in Seyfert galaxies and have equivalent widths < 100 eV. Thus, the handful of very intense lines that have been discovered are just the bright end of a distribution of line strengths. In addition to validating the current observations, the predicted distributions can be used for planning future surveys of relativistic Fe lines. Finally, the predicted sky density of equivalent widths indicate that the X-ray source in AGNs can not, on average, lie on the axis of the black hole.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, accepted by ApJ Letters
Modeling long-term longitudinal HIV dynamics with application to an AIDS clinical study
Creators: name: Huang, Yangxin
name: Lu, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A virologic marker, the number of HIV RNA copies or viral load, is currently used to evaluate antiretroviral (ARV) therapies in AIDS clinical trials. This marker can be used to assess the ARV potency of therapies, but is easily affected by drug exposures, drug resistance and other factors during the long-term treatment evaluation process. HIV dynamic studies have significantly contributed to the understanding of HIV pathogenesis and ARV treatment strategies. However, the models of these studies are used to quantify short-term HIV dynamics ($
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOAS192 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Additional file 1 of Exploring clinical markers of Axon degeneration processes in Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy among young adults receiving vincristine or paclitaxel
Creators: name: Knoerl, Robert
name: Mazzola, Emanuele
name: Pazyra-Murphy, Maria
name: Ryback, Birgitta
name: Frazier, A. Lindsay
name: Freeman, Roy L.
name: Hammer, Marilyn
name: LaCasce, Ann
name: Ligibel, Jennifer
name: Luskin, Marlise R.
name: Berry, Donna L.
name: Segal, Rosalind A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Twisted split-ring-resonator photonic metamaterial with huge optical activity
Creators: name: Decker, M.
name: Zhao, R.
name: Soukoulis, C. M.
name: Linden, S.
name: Wegener, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coupled split-ring-resonator metamaterials have previously been shown to exhibit large coupling effects, which are a prerequisite for obtaining large effective optical activity. By a suitable lateral arrangement of these building blocks, we completely eliminate linear birefringence and obtain pure optical activity and connected circular optical dichroism. Experiments at around 100-THz frequency and corresponding modeling are in good agreement. Rotation angles of about 30 degrees for 205nm sample thickness are derived.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Toward accurate thermal modeling of phase change material based photonic devices
Creators: name: Aryana, Kiumars
name: Kim, Hyun Jung
name: Popescu, Cosmin-Constantin
name: Vitale, Steven
name: Bae, Hyung Bin
name: Lee, Taewoo
name: Gu, Tian
name: Hu, Juejun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reconfigurable or programmable photonic devices are rapidly growing and have become an integral part of many optical systems. The ability to selectively modulate electromagnetic waves through electrical stimuli is crucial in the advancement of a variety of applications from data communication and computing devices to environmental science and space explorations. Chalcogenide-based phase change materials (PCMs) are one of the most promising material candidates for reconfigurable photonics due to their large optical contrast between their different solid-state structural phases. Although significant efforts have been devoted to accurate simulation of PCM-based devices, in this paper, we highlight three important aspects which have often evaded prior models yet having significant impacts on the thermal and phase transition behavior of these devices: the enthalpy of fusion, the heat capacity change upon glass transition, as well as the thermal conductivity of liquid-phase PCMs. We further investigated the important topic of switching energy scaling in PCM devices, which also helps explain why the three above-mentioned effects have long been overlooked in electronic PCM memories but only become important in photonics. Our findings offer insight to facilitate accurate modeling of PCM-based photonic devices and can inform the development of more efficient reconfigurable optics.
Frequency Selection for Platoon Communications in Secondary Spectrum Using Radio Environment Maps
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Marcin
name: Kryszkiewicz, Pawel
name: Kliks, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Platoon-based driving is an idea that vehicles follow each other at a close distance, in order to increase road throughput and fuel savings. This requires reliable wireless communications to adjust the speeds of vehicles. Although there is a dedicated frequency band for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, studies have shown that it is too congested to provide reliable transmission for the platoons. Additional spectrum resources, i.e., secondary spectrum channels, can be utilized when these are not occupied by other users. Characteristics of interference in these channels are usually location-dependent and can be stored in the so-called Radio Environment Maps (REMs). This paper aims to design REM, in order to support the selection of secondary spectrum channel for intra-platoon communications. We propose to assess the channel's quality in terms of outage probability computed, with the use of estimated interference distributions stored in REM. A frequency selection algorithm that minimizes the number of channel switches along the planned platoon route is proposed. Additionally, the REM creation procedure is shown that reduces the number of database entries using (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) DBSCAN algorithm. The proposals are tested using real IQ samples captured on a real road. Application of the DBSCAN clustering to the constructed REM provided 7% reduction in its size. Utilization of the proposed channel selection algorithm resulted in a 35 times reduction of channel switches concerning channel assignment performed independently in every location.