Lasioglossum (Dialictus) festinum Gardner & Gibbs 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Gardner, Joel
name: Gibbs, Jason
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Halictidae
Lasioglossum
Lasioglossum festinum

description: Lasioglossum (Dialictus) festinum sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: AAAFC1FC-074D-4A87-80DC-3E47F9563E99
Figs 38–40 115A
Diagnosis
Females of Lasioglossum festinum sp. nov. can be recognized by the mesepisternum rugulose, metasomal terga with very sparse tomentum, head wide with flat clypeus, ocelli slightly enlarged (separated by ~0.6 OD), T1–3 rims punctate to the apical margin without change in sculpture across the premarginal line, T2 without dark spiracular spots, and legs often mostly or entirely orange, even in specimens with a dark metasoma. They are most similar to L. mesillense and L. minckleyi sp. nov. Both of these species have the ocelli normal (separated by ~0.75 OD), T2 with dark spiracular spots, and T2–3 rims slightly duller and less distinctly punctate than the discs.
Males of L. festinum sp. nov. can be recognized by the face short (length/width ratio ~0.86), flagellomeres relatively very long (F2 more than 2 times as long as F1 and nearly 2 times as long as broad), mesepisternum densely punctate (i ≤ 1 pd), T1–3 rims punctate to the apical margin without change in sculpture across the premarginal line, face with sparse tomentum, and legs, metasoma, clypeus apical margin, and sometimes pronotum and metepisternum extensively bright orange (which is unique among known Lasioglossum (Dialictus )). They are most similar to L. mesillense, L. minckleyi sp. nov., and L. pictum. All of these species have T1–3 rims less distinctly and densely punctate than the discs. In addition, males of L. mesillense have the face below ocelli covered in dense tomentum and metasomal terga often with basolateral tomentum. Males of L. minckleyi sp. nov. have the flagellomeres relatively short (F2 about 1.6 times as long as F1 and 1.25 times as long as broad). Males of L. pictum have the clypeus apical margin, legs, and metasoma dark, and clypeus and supraclypeal area more convex.
Etymology
The specific epithet festinum is a Latin adjective meaning ‘swift’, ‘quick’, ‘impatient’, or ‘early’. It was first coined by Timberlake in an unpublished work, probably in reference to early morning activity. An appropriate translation would be the early sweat bee.
Material examined
Holotype
UNITED STATES – Utah • ♀; Garfield Co., Alvey Wash; 37.7295° N, 111.6332° W; 27 Jul. 2000; F.D. Parker leg.; PCYU.
[Verbatim label: USA: Utah, Garfield Co. / Alvey Wash, pantrap / 37°43.77’N 111°37.99’W / 27 July 2000, F.D. Parker // 2388E09 // NativeBeeSurvey / USDA,Logan,Utah / BBSL389322 // HOLOTYPE / Lasioglossum (Dialictus) festinum Gardner and Gibbs]
Paratypes
UNITED STATES – California • 1 ♀; Riverside Co., Deep Canyon; [33.62° N, 116.4° W]; 6 Mar. 1963; E.I. Schlinger leg.; ex Beloperone californica; UCRC • 1 ♀; Riverside Co., Palm Springs Station; [33.897° N, 116.548° W]; 9 Oct. 1955; J.W. MacSwain leg.; EMEC • 1 ♀; San Diego Co., 2 mi. NW of Jacumba; [32.64° N, 116.16° W]; 9 Mar. 1979; C.D. Nagano leg.; LACM • 1 ♀; Anza Borrego; 33.1338° N, 116.3665° W; 2 Mar. 2013; K.J. Hung leg.; WRME • 2 ♀♀; Clark Mt.; [35.53° N, 115.59° W]; 8 Jul. 1938; Timberlake leg.; ex Agave utahensis var. nevadensis; UCRC. – Colorado • 2 ♀♀; Mesa Co., 4.3 air mi. W of De Beque; 39.329° N, 108.2948° W; 1634 m a.s.l.; 9 May 2012; J. Florez leg.; BBSL • 1 ♀; Mesa Co.; 39.1019° N, 108.7376° W; 24–25 Aug. 2011; WRME. – Utah • 2 ♀♀; Emery Co., Calf Canyon, San Rafael Swell; [39.1° N, 110.67° W]; 7 Jun. 1982; T.L. and R.T. Griswold leg.; CUIC • 1 ♀; Emery Co., S. Temple Fk.; [38.65° N, 110.67° W]; 20 Jul. 1985; W.P. Nye leg.; ex Dalea compacta; CUIC • 1 ♀; Emery Co., Temple Mt. Wash; 38.6572° N, 110.6627° W; 10 May 2000; F.D. Parker leg.; BBSL • 1 ♀; Emery Co., Wild Horse Creek N of Goblin Valley; [38.57° N, 110.82° W]; 1494 m a.s.l.; 21–23 Jul. 1981; Veirs, Parker and Griswold leg.; BBSL • 1 ♀; Garfield Co., Alvey Wash; 37.7005° N, 111.6275° W; 27 Jul. 2000; F.D. Parker leg.; BBSL • 1 ♀; same location as for preceding; 27 Jul. 2000; F.D. Parker leg.; PCYU • 1 ♀; Garfield Co., east slope Mount Hillers; [37.88° N, 110.66° W]; 1768 m a.s.l.; 16 Jun. 1983; T. Griswold leg.; BBSL • 1 ♂; San Juan Co., 10 mi. NNW of Mexican Hat, Moki Dugway nr base; 37.27817° N, 109.94357° W; 1637 m a.s.l.; 20 Jun. 2000; A.L. Hicks and V.L. Scott leg.; ex Stanleya; UCMC • 1 ♂; San Juan Co., Moki Dugway, ca. 10 mi. NNW of Mexican Hat; 37.27817° N, 109.94357° W; 1637 m a.s.l.; 20 Jun. 2000; A.L. Hicks and V.L. Scott leg.; ex Stanleya sp.; UCMC • 1 ♀; Navajo Mt. (Beaver Creek); [37.1° N, 110.82° W]; 6 Aug. 1936; D.D. Jensen leg.; BBSL • 3 ♀♀; Washington Co.; 37.1988° N, 112.9812° W; 9 Aug. 2011; C. Decker leg.; WRME • 2 ♀♀; Washington Co.; 37.2033° N, 112.9876° W; 9 Aug. 2011; C. Decker leg.; WRME • 1 ♀; Washington Co.; 37.1997° N, 112.9882° W; 21 Sep. 2011; C. Decker leg.; WRME.
Description
Female
COLOURATION. Head and mesosoma blue-green to olive green; clypeus apical colour black, reddish brown, or orange; labrum black, reddish brown, or orange; mandible orange with black basal spot or band and red tip; flagellum black to reddish brown dorsally, reddish brown to orange ventrally; pronotal lobe reddish brown to orange; metasoma orange to reddish brown with dark spiracular spots on T3–4, usually with dark transverse subbasal bands on T1–2; legs orange to reddish brown; tegula orange; wing membrane hyaline, veins with subcosta dark brown, otherwise brown to orange.
PUBESCENCE. Body hair colour pale yellow to white. Tomentum dense on pronotal collar and lobe, space between pronotal lobe and tegula, and gena; sparse on paraocular area, T2–3 laterally, and T4 throughout. Scutum hair thin. Wing hairs dark, long and dense. Acarinarial fan complete, very sparse. T2 fringes sparse, T3 fringes sparse.
SURFACE SCULPTURE. Clypeus punctures irregularly sparse (i <2 pd), sometimes dense in basal half (i ≤ 1 pd), diversopunctate, sculpture shiny, becoming weakly tessellate basally; supraclypeal area punctures dense (i ≤ 1 pd), sometimes sparser medially (i= 1–2 pd), sculpture shiny, becoming weakly tessellate laterally; paraocular area punctures dense (i <1 pd), becoming crowded medially (i=0 pd) and irregularly sparse around antenna socket (i <2 pd), sculpture shiny, becoming imbricate and sometimes weakly rugulose around antenna socket; frons punctures crowded (i =0 pd), sculpture shiny; vertex punctures dense (i ≤ 1 pd) and diversopunctate laterally, sparse medially (i=1–6 pd), sculpture shiny; gena punctures moderately dense (i=1–2 pd), sculpture shiny; postgena sculpture shiny, becoming imbricate posteriorly and laterad of hypostomal carina; tegula punctures absent; scutum punctures dense (i <1 pd) or moderately dense (i=1–2 pd), becoming sparser (i= 1–3 pd) submedially and anteromedially, sculpture shiny, becoming tessellate medially; scutellum punctures dense (i ≤ 1 pd), sometimes sparser submedially (i=1–3 pd), sculpture shiny to tessellate; metanotum sculpture tessellate and finely, densely punctate (i <1 pd), becoming weakly rugulose laterally; metapostnotum rugae strong or weak, subparallel or anastomosing, not reaching margin, sculpture tessellate; preëpisternum sculpture areolate-rugulose; hypoepimeron punctures crowded (i =0 pd), indistinct, sculpture areolate-rugulose to ruguloso-lineate; mesepisternum punctures crowded (i=0 pd), becoming sparser ventrally (i ≤ 1 pd), indistinct, sculpture imbricate, becoming ruguloso-punctate dorsally; metepisternum sculpture lineate dorsally, becoming tessellate and obscurely, densely punctate ventrally (i <1 pd); propodeum lateral face sculpture tessellate; propodeum posterior face sculpture tessellate and sparsely punctate (i = 2–6 pd); T1 anterior face sculpture shiny to weakly coriarious; T1 dorsal surface punctures fine, sparse (i =1–4 pd), moderately dense on rim (i=1–2 pd), absent in large apicolateral oval patches and on median line basally, sculpture shiny; T2 disc punctures fine, sparse (i =1–4 pd), becoming denser basolaterally (i ≤ 1 pd), disc sculpture shiny, rim punctures moderately dense (i =1–3 pd), rim sculpture shiny.
STRUCTURE. Face length/width ratio 0.79 (± 0.03 SD). Clypeus projecting ~50% below suborbital tangent; clypeal area length/width ratio 0.35 (± 0.04 SD); apicolateral denticles rounded acute points; supraclypeal area length/width ratio 0.9 (± 0.1 SD). Ocelli separated by about 0.6 OD. Forewing with 3 submarginal cells; pronotal angle obtuse; tegula shape normal. Intertegular distance 1.11 (± 0.08 SD) mm. Scutum length/width ratio 0.79 (± 0.03 SD); scutum/scutellum length ratio 2.9 (± 0.17 SD); scutellum/ metanotum length ratio 1.58 (± 0.2 SD); metanotum/metapostnotum length ratio 0.63 (± 0.07 SD). Propodeum lateral carinae not reaching dorsal margin; oblique carina absent. T2 depressed apical rim length less than 50% of segment. (n=10)
Male
COLOURATION. Head and mesosoma blue-green to olive green, except pronotal collar, metepisternum, and mesepisternum posterior margin sometimes orange; clypeus apical colour orange to yellow; labrum orange to yellow; mandible orange to yellow with brown basal spot and red tip; flagellum reddish brown, sometimes orange ventrally; pronotal lobe orange to yellow; metasoma orange with brown basal bands on T1–5; legs orange to yellow; tegula orange to pale amber; wing membrane hyaline, veins with subcosta dark brown, otherwise brown to orange.
PUBESCENCE. Body hair colour white. Tomentum dense on paraocular area; sparse on face below eye emargination, gena, pronotal angle and lobe, and space between pronotal lobe and tegula. Scutum hair thin. Sterna hair short (0.75–1.25 OD), densely plumose, dense and erect. Wing hairs dark, long and sparse.
SURFACE SCULPTURE. Clypeus punctures dense to moderately dense (i ≤ 2 pd), sculpture shiny; supraclypeal area punctures dense to moderately dense (i ≤ 2 pd), sculpture shiny; paraocular area punctures crowded (i =0 pd), sculpture shiny; frons punctures crowded (i=0 pd), sculpture shiny, becoming rugulose above antenna; vertex punctures fine, sparse (i=1–3 pd), sculpture shiny; gena punctures fine, sparse (i= 1–3 pd), sculpture shiny, becoming imbricate and weakly lineate posteriorly and ventrally; postgena sculpture imbricate and weakly lineate; tegula punctures absent; scutum punctures dense to moderately dense (i ≤ 2 pd), sculpture shiny, becoming tessellate anteromedially; scutellum punctures dense marginally and on median line (i ≤ 1 pd), moderately sparse submedially (i=1–2 pd), sculpture shiny; metanotum sculpture ruguloso-punctate; metapostnotum rugae strong, anastomosing, reaching or nearly reaching margin, sculpture shiny to weakly imbricate; preëpisternum sculpture areolate-rugulose; hypoepimeron punctures crowded (i = 0 pd), indistinct, sculpture rugulose; mesepisternum punctures dense (i ≤ 1 pd), sculpture shiny to weakly imbricate; metepisternum sculpture lineate dorsally, areolate ventrally; propodeum lateral face punctures obscure, sculpture rugulose; propodeum posterior face sculpture shiny, sometimes becoming densely punctate dorsolaterally (i ≤ 1 pd); T1 anterior face sculpture shiny; T1 dorsal surface punctures sparse (i =1–4 pd), becoming moderately dense on rim (i =1–2 pd), sculpture shiny; T2 disc punctures sparse (i =1–3 pd), disc sculpture shiny, rim punctures moderately dense (i=1–2 pd), rim sculpture shiny.
STRUCTURE. Face length/width ratio 0.86 (± 0 SD). F1:pedicel length ratio 1.02 (± 0.01 SD); F2:F1 length ratio 2.29 (± 0.03 SD); F2 length/width ratio 1.85 (± 0.31 SD); F9 length/width ratio 1.4 (± 0.05 SD). Forewing with 3 submarginal cells; pronotal angle obtuse; tegula shape normal. Intertegular distance 1.06 (± 0 SD) mm. Scutum length/width ratio 0.71 (± 0.01 SD); scutum/scutellum length ratio 2.43 (± 0.31 SD); scutellum/metanotum length ratio 1.85 (± 0.16 SD); metanotum/metapostnotum length ratio 0.61 (± 0.05 SD). Propodeum lateral carinae not reaching dorsal margin; oblique carina absent. (n=2)
GENITALIA. Not examined.
Range
Western Colorado to southern California (Fig. 40).
Floral records
ACANTHACEAE Juss. Beloperone Nees: B. californica Benth. • ASPARAGACEAE Juss. Agave L. A. utahensis Engelm. A. u. var. nevadensis Engelm. ex Greenm. & Roush • BRASSICACEAE Burnett: Stanleya Nutt. • FABACEAE Juss. Dalea: D. compacta Spreng.
DNA barcodes
Two sequences available (BOLD process IDs: DLII868-07, DLII1089-07; BIN: BOLD:AAJ1601). Lasioglossum festinum sp. nov. differs from all other western red-tailed L. (Dialictus) by 4 fixed substitutions: 204(C), 240(T), 507(C), and 561(T) (Supplementary file 4).
Remarks
Rare. The slightly enlarged ocelli of the female (resembling those of L. eophilus) suggest that L. festinum sp. nov. has low-light activity, which could explain why it is infrequently collected. The close genetic relationship of L. festinum sp. nov. and L. eophilus (Fig. 7) supports this hypothesis.
Lasioglossum festinum sp. nov. is the species previously reported as “ Lasioglossum (Dialictus) sp. E7” by Tepedino et al. (2008), Messinger-Carril et al. (2018), and Wilson et al. (2018).
description: Published as part of Gardner, Joel & Gibbs, Jason, 2020, The ' red-tailed' Lasioglossum (Dialictus) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) of the western Nearctic, pp. 1-242 in European Journal of Taxonomy 725 on pages 82-87, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.725.1167, http://zenodo.org/record/4298139