cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
disjoint verb form and an empty immediate after verb position in Makhuwa
Creators: name: Van Der Wal, Jenneke
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2006

description: The Bantu language Makhuwa makes a distinction between cojoint and disjoint verb forms. Two hypotheses are made from generalisations on the distribution of the conjoint and disjoint verb forms in Makhuwa. 1) The verb appears in its conjoint form when a focal element occupies the Immediate After Verb (IAV) position; 2) the verb appears in its disjoint form when the IAV position is empty. A syntactic analysis is provided that accounts for these hypotheses if the IAV position is defined in terms of structural rather than linear adjacency between two heads in a direct c-command relation. In the syntactic analysis two focus projections are proposed: one under TP (Ndayiragije 1999) hosting the disjoint morpheme and one under vP, to whose specifier focal elements move. Non-focal elements remain in-situ. This analysis accounts both for the strong adjacency requirement of a cojoint verb form and its focal object and for the empty IAV position that requires a verb to appear in its disjoint form.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 43 (2006): Papers in Bantu grammar and description
Riesz transform characterization of H^1 spaces associated with certain Laguerre expansions
Creators: name: Preisner, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B30 (primary), 42B35, 42B20 (secondary)

description: For alpha>0 we consider the system l_k^{(alpha-1)/2}(x) of the Laguerre functions which are eigenfunctions of the differential operator Lf =-\frac{d^2}{dx^2}f-\frac{alpha}{x}\frac{d}{dx}f+x^2 f. We define an atomic Hardy space H^1_{at}(X), which is a subspace of L^1((0,infty), x^alpha dx). Then we prove that the space H^1_{at}(X) is also characterized by the Riesz transform Rf=\sqrtπ\frac{d}{dx}L^{-1/2}f in the sense that f\in H^1_{at}(X) if and only if f,Rf \in L^1((0,infty),x^alpha dx).
CLIL DALLA SCUOLA AL MUSEO: POTENZIALITÀ, CRITICITÀ E IMPLICAZIONI GLOTTODIDATTICHE
Creators: name: Fazzi, Fabiana
Publisher: name: Italiano LinguaDue
Year: 2021

description: Il Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) è da anni al centro delle politiche nazionali ed europee volte alla promozione del plurilinguismo e dell’innovazione didattica. Tuttavia, gli studi si sono finora concentrati sulle dinamiche legate alla sua applicazione in un contesto di apprendimento formale, senza esplorare in maniera dettagliata e strutturale cosa avviene invece in contesti non-formali, come per esempio la visita educativa al museo. In particolare, il museo è il luogo ideale per la promozione dell’apprendimento integrato, in quanto permette di interagire con oggetti che, da un lato, facilitano la comprensione di contenuti complessi e, dell’altro, incoraggiano l’uso autentico della lingua straniera. In questo contributo, si presentano dapprima le teorie alla base della metodologia CLIL e dell’apprendimento al museo per poi descrivere le potenzialità e criticità del museo per l’apprendimento di contenuti e lingua. Il contributo si conclude con la presentazione di alcune implicazioni glottodidattiche utili al docente per progettare un laboratorio CLIL al museo e integrarlo nella propria programmazione scolastica. CLIL from schools to museums: potential, critical issues and teaching implications Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) has been at the center of attention of many national and European policies aimed at promoting plurilingualism and teaching innovation. However, the majority of studies have concentrated on its application in formal learning contexts, without exploring what happens when it is implemented in non-formal learning context, such as the museum visit. The museum is ideal to foster integrated learning, as it allows students to interact with objects, which, on the one hand, can scaffold their understanding of complex content and, on the other, can stimulate them to use a foreign language in an authentic way. In the first section, the theories at the basis of the CLIL methodology and museum learning will be presented. Following is a description of the potential benefits and critical issues at museum for CLIL. Finally, some pedagogical implications for teachers will be outlined with the aim of supporting them in planning a CLIL experience at a museum and integrating it in their curriculum.
description: Italiano LinguaDue, V. 12 N. 2 (2020)
Parameters of variation & complement licensing in Bantu
Creators: name: Thwala, Nhlanhla
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2006

description: In this paper I argue that the syntax of Eastern Bantu does not make reference to the notion 'syntactic object'. That is, there is no linguistic category of objects that is the target of syntactic rules in Eastern Bantu languages. Instead I propose that syntactic rules broadly distinguish complements and adjuncts as well as category type of complement or adjunct. I argue that Bantu languages are typologically special in that (a) the verb complement structure can be expanded by the valency increasing applicative suffix; and (b) that the class of adjuncts can be expanded through verb concord licensing. Because of these properties, Bantu languages have a much-expanded notion of 'complement' and 'adjunct'. Namely, complements consist of (a) inherent complements (subcategorised by the lexical verb), and (b) derived complements (licensed by the applicative suffix). Adjuncts consist of (a) non-subcategorised modifying constituents in the usual sense and (b) phrases that are licensed by verb concord (i.e. Topics in Bresnan and Mchombo (1987)). I propose that most the differences in the licensing of objects in Bantu are due to two causes: (a) the unusual split in the composition of complements and adjuncts and (b) a set of typological parameter settings.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 43 (2006): Papers in Bantu grammar and description
Spontaneous interlayer superfluidity in bilayer systems of cold polar molecules
Creators: name: Lutchyn, Roman M.
name: Rossi, Enrico
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum degenerate cold-atom gases provide a remarkable opportunity to study strongly interacting systems. Recent experimental progress in producing ultracold polar molecules with a net electric dipole moment opens up new possibilities to realize novel quantum phases governed by the long-range and anisotropic dipole-dipole interactions. In this work we predict the existence of experimentally observable novel broken-symmetry states with spontaneous interlayer coherence in cold polar molecules. These exotic states appear due to strong repulsive interlayer interactions and exhibit properties of superfluids, ferromagnets and excitonic condensates.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, final version
Focus in Bantu: verbal morphology and function
Creators: name: Nurse, Derek
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2006

description: Although verb forms encoding focus were recorded in various Bantu languages during the twentieth century it was not until the late 1970's that they became the centre of serious attention, starting with the work of Hyman and Watters. In the last decade this attention has grown. While focus can be expressed variously, this paper concentrates largely on its morphological, partly on its tonal expression. On the basis of morphological and tonal behaviour, it identifies four blocks of languages, representing less than a third of all Bantu languages: those with metatony, those with a binary constituent contrast between verb ("disjunctive") and post-verbal ("conjunctive") focus, those with a three-way contrast, and those with verb initial /ni-/. Following Güldemann's lead, it is shown there is a fairly widespread grammaticalisation path whereby focus markers may come to encode progressive aspect, then present tense. Many Bantu languages today have a pre-stem morpheme /a/ 'non-past' and it is hypothesized that many of these /a/, which are otherwise hard to explain historically, may derive from an older focus marker.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 43 (2006): Papers in Bantu grammar and description
Coherent electronic transport through graphene constrictions: sub-wavelength regime and optical analogies
Creators: name: Darancet, Pierre
name: Olevano, Valerio
name: Mayou, Didier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene two-dimensional nature combined with today lithography allows to achieve nanoelectronics devices smaller than the Dirac electrons wavelength. Here we show that in these graphene subwavelength nanodevices the electronic quantum transport properties present deep analogies with classical phenomena of subwavelength optics. By introducing the concept of electronic diffraction barrier to represent the effect of constrictions, we can easily describe the rich transport physics in a wealth of nanodevices: from Bethe and Kirchhoff diffraction in graphene slits, to Fabry-Perot interference oscillations in nanoribbons. The same concept applies to graphene quantum dots and gives new insigth into recent experiments on these systems.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures submitted PRL
Agreement properties and word order in comparative Bantu
Creators: name: Morimoto, Yukiko
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2006

description: Agreement is traditionally viewed as a cross-referencing device for core arguments such as subjects and (primary) objects.1 In this paper, I discuss data from Bantu languages that lead to a radical departure from this generally accepted position: agreement in a subset of Bantu languages cross-references a (sentential) topic rather than the subject. The crucial evidence for topic agreement comes from a construction known as subject-object (S-O) reversal, where the fronted patient agrees with what has uniformly been taken to be a `subject marker'. The correct analysis of S-O reversal as a topic construction with `topic agreement' explains a range of known facts in the languages in question. Furthermore, synchronic variation across Bantu in the presence/absence of S-O reversal and in the properties of the (topic/subject) agreement marker suggests a diachronic path from topic to subject marking. The systematic variation and covariation in the syntax of Bantu languages and the historical picture that it offers would be missed altogether if we continue to reject the idea that the notion of topic can be deeply grammaticized in the form of agreement.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 43 (2006): Papers in Bantu grammar and description
Interference Alignment with Asymmetric Complex Signaling - Settling the Host-Madsen-Nosratinia Conjecture
Creators: name: Cadambe, Viveck R.
name: Jafar, Syed A.
name: Wang, Chenwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It has been conjectured by Host-Madsen and Nosratinia that complex Gaussian interference channels with constant channel coefficients have only one degree-of-freedom regardless of the number of users. While several examples are known of constant channels that achieve more than 1 degree of freedom, these special cases only span a subset of measure zero. In other words, for almost all channel coefficient values, it is not known if more than 1 degree-of-freedom is achievable. In this paper, we settle the Host-Madsen-Nosratinia conjecture in the negative. We show that at least 1.2 degrees-of-freedom are achievable for all values of complex channel coefficients except for a subset of measure zero. For the class of linear beamforming and interference alignment schemes considered in this paper, it is also shown that 1.2 is the maximum number of degrees of freedom achievable on the complex Gaussian 3 user interference channel with constant channel coefficients, for almost all values of channel coefficients. To establish the achievability of 1.2 degrees of freedom we introduce the novel idea of asymmetric complex signaling - i.e., the inputs are chosen to be complex but not circularly symmetric. It is shown that unlike Gaussian point-to-point, multiple-access and broadcast channels where circularly symmetric complex Gaussian inputs are optimal, for interference channels optimal inputs are in general asymmetric. With asymmetric complex signaling, we also show that the 2 user complex Gaussian X channel with constant channel coefficients achieves the outer bound of 4/3 degrees-of-freedom, i.e., the assumption of time-variations/frequency-selectivity used in prior work to establish the same result, is not needed.
ESIGENZE AZIENDALI E COMPETENZE LINGUISTICHE: UNA PROVA DI TEST DI PIAZZAMENTO
Creators: name: Baldo, Gianluca
Publisher: name: Italiano LinguaDue
Year: 2021

description: La presenza di manodopera estera nelle aziende italiane richiede un adeguamento a livello anche linguistico. In particolare la legislazione nazionale sulla sicurezza sul lavoro prevede che i dipendenti siano in grado di seguire con successo le attività di formazione sui rischi generici e specifici legati alla professione. Emerge quindi la necessità di disporre di strumenti di rilevazione della competenza in italiano lingua seconda che siano adeguati alla situazione e ai testi adottati durante la formazione. In questo contributo si analizza il caso di un’azienda di medie dimensioni del settore dei servizi che ha deciso di dotarsi di un test interno di lingua per i dipendenti stranieri fondato sulle specificità linguistiche e sui contenuti dei moduli sindacali di formazione sui rischi sul lavoro. Il risultato è un test con struttura modulare, di durata limitata, focalizzato sugli aspetti generali della morfosintassi e sul lessico della sicurezza sul lavoro. Lo strumento è stato provato con un piccolo campione di dipendenti e successivamente è stato adottato dall’azienda. Business needs and language skills: placement tests The presence of foreign workers in Italian companies requires adaptations, including at the linguistic level. More specifically, national legislation on job safety requires that all employees be able to successfully attend safety-training activities and demonstrate understanding of the generic and specific risks related to their professions. Therefore, companies that hire non-native workers have a real need for specific tools to measure their employees’ linguistic competence in Italian as a second language, which should be appropriate to the situations and texts used during on-the-job safety training. This study analyzes the case of a medium-sized company in the service sector that decided to adopt an internal language test for its foreign employees, and to structure the test on the linguistic specificities and content of typical courses on occupational safety and health. The resulting test is modular, brief and focuses both on general morphosyntactic aspects as well as on the specific vocabulary of job safety. The tool was tested on a small group of foreign employees and was subsequently adopted by the company.
description: Italiano LinguaDue, V. 12 N. 2 (2020)
Linear order constraints on split NPs in Chichewa
Creators: name: Mchombo, Sam
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2006

description: This paper focuses on restrictions on the ordering of internal constituents of noun phrases in Chichewa, especially when those constituents are discontinuous. The motivation for discontinuity of the NP constituents will be given, together with discussion of constructions that can be subsumed under this rubric but that do not really involve discontinuity in the canonical sense. These are constructions where a topic NP in a left periphery position is either linked anaphorically with a modifier "remnant" or semantically with its hyponym in post-verbal position. According to Guthrie's classification of Bantu languages, Chichewa is placed in zone N unit N31. It is regarded as a dialect of Nyanja, classified as belonging to unit N30 (Guthrie 1967-71).
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 43 (2006): Papers in Bantu grammar and description
further look at conjunctive and disjunctive forms in Setswana
Creators: name: McCormack, Anna
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2006

description: Setswana distinguishes between conjunctive and disjunctive verb forms in the present positive tense. Creissels (1996) shows that this is also true of a number of other tenses (present negative, future positive and perfect positive). This work is used as a starting point to investigate the conjunctive/disjunctive distinction in my own Setswana data. Further to those presented in Creissels, there is data on the past and past progressive tenses, and environments such as relatives and subordinates. Creissels' analysis is supported by different examples, including those that do not utilise a frame intended to limit boundary effects. There are also examples not within this frame that raise questions about how flexible the conjunctive/disjunctive system can be. This paper is a work in progress.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 43 (2006): Papers in Bantu grammar and description
Locative inversion in Otjiherero: more on morphosyntactic variation in Bantu
Creators: name: Marten, Lutz
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2006

description: This paper discusses locative inversion constructions in Otjiherero against the background of previous work by Bresnan and Kanerva (1989) on the construction in Chichewa, and Demuth and Mmusi (1997) on Setswana and related languages. Locative inversion in Otjiherero is structurally similar to locative inversion in Chichewa and Setswana, but differs from these languages in that there are fewer thematic restrictions on predicates undergoing locative inversion. As Otjiherero has a three-way morphological distinction of locative subject markers, this shows that there is no relation between agreement morphology and thematic restrictions in locative inversion, confirming the result of Demuth and Mmusi. The availability of transitive predicates to participate in locative inversion in Otjiherero furthermore raises questions about the relation between locative inversion, valency, and applicative marking, and these are addressed in the paper, although further research is needed for a full analysis. In terms of function of the locative subject markers, Otjiherero presents, like Chishona, a split system where all markers support locative readings, but where one of them is also used in expletive contexts. In contrast to Chishona, though, this is the class 16, rather than the class 17 marker.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 43 (2006): Papers in Bantu grammar and description
impact of the morphological alternation of subject markers on tense/aspect: the case of Swahili
Creators: name: Kipacha, Ahmadi
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2006

description: Subject markers for the first, second and third person singular in Southern Swahili dialects display morphological variation in that specific forms are chosen with different tense-aspect markers. This paper documents this variation in the different dialects and presents a distributional chart which reveals the symmetric patterns between these subject markers and their corresponding tense-aspect formatives. The study corroborates earlier work in the manifestation of variant morphological tense-aspect formatives of the regional dialects of Swahili by Mazrui (1983).
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 43 (2006): Papers in Bantu grammar and description
Second variation of Zhang's lambda-invariant on the moduli space of curves
Creators: name: de Jong, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G40, 11G50, 14D07

description: We compute the second variation of the λ-invariant, recently introduced by S. Zhang, on the complex moduli space M_g of curves of genus g>1, using work of N. Kawazumi. As a result we prove that (8g+4)λis equal, up to a constant, to the β-invariant introduced some time ago by R. Hain and D. Reed. We deduce some consequences; for example we calculate the λ-invariant for each hyperelliptic curve, expressing it in terms of the Petersson norm of the discriminant modular form.
description: 13 pages
prosody and syntax of focus in Chitumbuka
Creators: name: Downing, Laura J.
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2006

description: This paper presents a sketch of the prosodic, syntactic and morphological means of expressing focus in Chitumbuka, an underdescribed Bantu language of Malawi. The chief prosodic correlate of focus is boundary narrowing – rephrasing conditioned by focus – which is used not only to signal in situ focus but also in syntactic and morphological focus constructions. Of theoretical importance is the fact that rephrasing does not lend culminative prominence to the focused constituent. Although Chitumbuka has culminative sentential stress, its position remains fixed at the right edge of the clause, independent of the position of focus. This makes Chitumbuka a challenge for theories of focus prosody which claim that the focused constituent must have culminative sentential prominence.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 43 (2006): Papers in Bantu grammar and description
SHAKESPEARE POETA IN ITALIA: I SONETTI E LA TRADUZIONE DEL XLIII
Creators: name: Lombardi, Chiara
Publisher: name: Italiano LinguaDue
Year: 2021

description: Il contributo analizza la ricezione italiana dei Sonetti di Shakespeare attraverso le traduzioni, concentrandosi sulle differenti versioni (Serpieri, Sanguineti, Virgillito, Palmese, oltre a quella di chi scrive) del sonetto 43: benché escluso dalle versioni di Montale e di Ungaretti, infatti, il testo è degno di nota sia per la densità figurale e per l’accentuata musicalità, sia per la tesi che esprime, collegata alla sua forma e da essa enfatizzata ed esaltata, intorno all’espressione di una cecità metaforica intesa come rimozione della vista reale a cui si sostituiscono, nella veggenza d’amore, il sogno, il potere evocativo dell’immaginazione e – platonicamente – la visione della mente capace di cogliere l’idea, l’essenza. Shakespeare the poet in Italy: the Sonnets and the translation of XLIII This paper analyzes the Italian reception of Shakespeare’s Sonnets, focusing on the different translations (Serpieri, Sanguineti, Virgillito, Palmese and the author’s) of Sonnet 43. Although it was ignored by Montale and Ungaretti, the text is worthy of note and very challenging to translate, both for its rhetorical emphasis and musicality as well as for the philosophical hypothesis of a metaphorical blindness that replaces real sight, thus implying dreams, imagination, erotic clairvoyance and the Platonic capacity for loving and seeing the Idea or the essence of being.
description: Italiano LinguaDue, V. 12 N. 2 (2020)
Syntactic and phonological phrasing in Bemba relatives
Creators: name: Cheng, Lisa
name: Kula, Nancy C.
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2006

description: Tone as a distinctive feature used to differentiate not only words but also clause types, is a characteristic feature of Bantu languages. In this paper we show that Bemba relatives can be marked with a low tone in place of a segmental relative marker. This low tone strategy of relativization, which imposes a restrictive reading of relatives, manifests a specific phonological phrasing that can be differentiated from that of non-restrictives. The paper shows that the resultant phonological phrasing favours a head-raising analysis of relativization. In this sense, phonology can be shown to inform syntactic analyses.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 43 (2006): Papers in Bantu grammar and description
Multi-lepton Signatures of a Hidden Sector in Rare B Decays
Creators: name: Batell, Brian
name: Pospelov, Maxim
name: Ritz, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the sensitivity of flavour changing b -> s transitions to a (sub-)GeV hidden sector with generic couplings to the Standard Model through the Higgs, vector and axion portals. The underlying two-body decays of B mesons, B -> X_s S and B0 -> SS, where S denotes a generic new GeV-scale particle, may significantly enhance the yield of monochromatic lepton pairs in the final state via prompt decays of S to a dilepton pair. Existing measurements of the charged lepton spectrum in neutral-current semileptonic B decays provide bounds on the parameters of the light sector that are significantly more stringent than the requirements of naturalness. New search modes, such as B -> X_s + n(l+l-) and B0 -> n(l+l-) with n > 1 can provide additional sensitivity to scenarios in which both the Higgs and vector portals are active, and are accessible to (super-)B factories and hadron colliders.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures; v2: reference added, minor corrections
AdS Vacua, Attractor Mechanism and Generalized Geometries
Creators: name: Kimura, Tetsuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider flux vacua attractor equations in type IIA string theory compactified on generalized geometries with orientifold projections. The four-dimensional N=1 superpotential in this compactification can be written as the sum of the Ramond-Ramond superpotential and a term described by (non)geometric flux charges. We exhibit a simple model in which supersymmetric AdS and Minkowski solutions are classified by means of discriminants of the two superpotentials. We further study various configurations without Ramond-Ramond flux charges. In this case we find supersymmetric AdS vacua both in the case of compactifications on generalized geometries with SU(3) x SU(3) structures and on manifolds with an SU(3)-structure without nongeometric flux charges. In the latter case, we have to introduce correction terms into the prepotential in order to realize consistent vacua.
description: 35 pages, accepted version in JHEP
TRA TEORIA E PRASSI. TRADUZIONI E RISCRITTURE POETICHE DA OVIDIO A PASCOLI
Creators: name: Bertazzoli, Raffaella
Publisher: name: Italiano LinguaDue
Year: 2021

description: Partendo da alcune riflessioni sulla traduzione del testo poetico, il lavoro ha seguito alcune riscritture del mito ovidiano di Orfeo ed Euridice: l’ékphrasis di un sonetto di Browning a un quadro di Leighton; la ripresa dannunziana del mito nella Laus vitae con l’io poetico in dialogo con il dio Hermes; la presenza del dio psicopompo nel poema Orpheus, Euridike Hermes di Rilke. Il saggio si conclude con un esempio di traduzione/ricreazione analizzando il testo Time long past di Shelley tradotto da Pascoli. Between theory and practice. Translations and poetic rewritings from Ovidio to Pascoli Starting from some reflections on the translation of the poetic text, the paper follows some rewrites of the Ovidian myth of Orpheus and Eurydice: from Browning’s ekphrasis to a Leighton painting; the revival of the myth in D’Annunzio’s Laus vitae; the presence of Hermes in Rilke’s poem Orpheus, Euridike Hermes. The essay concludes by analyzing Shelley’s Time long past translated by Pascoli.
description: Italiano LinguaDue, V. 12 N. 2 (2020)
Zulu conjoint/disjoint verb alternation: focus or constituency?
Creators: name: Buell, Leston
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2006

description: Zulu shows an alternation of conjoint and disjoint (conjunctive/disjunctive, short/long) verb forms. Certain contexts suggest that the distribution of these forms is related to focus. For example, certain adverbial expressions receive a focal interpretation when preceded by a conjoint form but not when preceded by a disjoint form. Similarly, a wh-phrase must be preceded by a conjoint form. This has led some researchers to argue or suggest that the alternation encodes focus directly. This paper examines two different focal hypotheses, one in which a disjoint form encodes focus on the verb and another in which the conjoint form encodes focus on the element following the verb. It is shown that both of these hypotheses are inadequate because certain contexts requiring the conjoint form do not display the predicted focal interpretation. Relativization morphology is argued to also support an analysis independent of focus. It is proposed that the alternation is regulated entirely by the position of the verb within the surface constituencies first proposed in Van der Spuy (1993) and that the associated focal interpretations are the result of a range of interpretations permitted within the different constituencies. Elements remaining within the relevant constituent are nontopical, and focus is one of a range of interpretations they can receive.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 43 (2006): Papers in Bantu grammar and description
Detection of a Companion Lens Galaxy using the Mid-infrared Flux Ratios of the Gravitationally Lensed Quasar H1413+117
Creators: name: MacLeod, Chelsea L.
name: Kochanek, Christopher S.
name: Agol, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first resolved mid-IR (11 micron) observations of the four-image quasar lens H1413+117 using the Michelle camera on Gemini North. All previous observations (optical, near-IR, and radio) of this lens show a "flux anomaly," where the image flux ratios cannot be explained by a simple, central lens galaxy. We attempt to reproduce the mid-IR flux ratios, which are insensitive to extinction and microlensing, by modeling the main lens as a singular isothermal ellipsoid. This model fails to reproduce the flux ratios. However, we can explain the flux ratios simply by adding to the model a nearby galaxy detected in the H-band by HST/NICMOS-NIC2. This perturbing galaxy lies 4.0" from the main lens and it has a critical radius of 0.63" +/- 0.02" which is similar to that of the main lens, as expected from their similar H-band fluxes. More remarkably, this galaxy is not required to obtain a good fit to the system astrometry, so this represents the first clear detection of an object through its effect on the image fluxes of a gravitational lens. This is a parallel to the detections of visible satellites from astrometric anomalies, and provides a proof of the concept of searching for substructure in galaxies using anomalous flux ratios.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables, Submitted to ApJ. v4: Figure 1 corrected
Compaction dynamics of a magnetized powder
Creators: name: Lumay, G.
name: Dorbolo, S.
name: Vandewalle, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated experimentally the influence of a magnetic interaction between the grains on the compaction dynamics of a granular pile submitted to a series of taps. The granular material used to perform this study is a mixture of metallic and glass grains. The packing is immersed in an homogeneous external magnetic field. The magnetic field induces an interaction between the metallic grains that constitutes the tunable cohesion. The compaction characteristic time and the asymptotic packing fraction have been measured as a function of the Bond number which is the ratio between the cohesive magnetic force and the grain weight. These measurements have been performed for different fractions of metallic beads in the pile. When the pile is only made of metallic grains, the characteristic compaction time increases as the square root of the Bond number. While the asymptotic packing fraction decreases as the inverse of the Bond number. For mixtures, when the fraction of magnetized grains in the pile is increased, the characteristic time increases while the asymptotic packing fraction decreases. A simple mesoscopic model based on the formation of granular chains along the magnetic field direction is proposed to explain the observed macroscopic properties of the packings.
Coupling between a dark and a bright eigenmode in a terahertz metamaterial
Creators: name: Singh, Ranjan
name: Rockstuhl, Carsten
name: Lederer, Falk
name: Zhang, Weili
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Terahertz time domain spectroscopy and rigorous simulations are used to probe the coupling between a dark and a bright plasmonic eigenmode in a metamaterial with broken symmetry. The metamaterial consists of two closely spaced split ring resonators that have their gaps in non-identical positions within the ring. For normal incidence and a fixed polarization both lowest order eigenmodes of the split ring resonators can be excited; although one of them has to be regarded as dark since coupling is prohibited because of symmetry constraints. Emphasis in this work is put on a systematic evaluation of the coupling effects depending on a spectral tuning of both resonances.
Introduction
Creators: name: Downing, Laura J.
name: Marten, Lutz
name: Zerbian, Sabine
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2006

description: The papers in this volume reflect a number of broad themes which have emerged during the meetings of the project as particularly relevant for current Bantu linguistics. [...] The papers show that approaches to Bantu linguistics have also developed in new directions since this foundational work. For example, interaction of phonological phrasing with syntax and word order on the one hand, and with information structure on the other, is more prominent in the papers here than in earlier literature. Quite generally, the role of information structure for the understanding of Bantu syntax has become more important, in particular with respect to the expression of topic and focus, but also for the analysis of more central syntactic concerns such as questions and relative clauses. This, of course, relates to a wider development in linguistic theory to incorporate notions of topic and focus into core syntactic analysis, and it is not surprising that work on Bantu languages and on linguistic theory are closely related to each other in this respect. Another noteworthy development is the increasing interest in variation among Bantu languages which reflects the fact that more empirical evidence from more Bantu languages has become available over the last decade or so. The picture that emerges from this research is that morpho-syntactic variation in Bantu is rich and complex, and that there is strong potential to link this research to research on micro-variation in European (and other) languages, and to the study of morpho-syntactic variables, or parameters, more generally.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 43 (2006): Papers in Bantu grammar and description
Central Extensions of Smooth 2-Groups and a Finite-Dimensional String 2-Group
Creators: name: Schommer-Pries, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57T10, 22A22, 53C08

description: We provide a model of the String group as a central extension of finite-dimensional 2-groups in the bicategory of Lie groupoids, left-principal bibundles, and bibundle maps. This bicategory is a geometric incarnation of the bicategory of smooth stacks and generalizes the more naïve 2-category of Lie groupoids, smooth functors, and smooth natural transformations. In particular this notion of smooth 2-group subsumes the notion of Lie 2-group introduced by Baez-Lauda. More precisely we classify a large family of these central extensions in terms of the topological group cohomology introduced by G. Segal, and our String 2-group is a special case of such extensions. There is a nerve construction which can be applied to these 2-groups to obtain a simplicial manifold, allowing comparison with with the model of A. Henriques. The geometric realization is an $A_\infty$-space, and in the case of our model, has the correct homotopy type of String(n). Unlike all previous models our construction takes place entirely within the framework of finite dimensional manifolds and Lie groupoids. Moreover within this context our model is characterized by a strong uniqueness result. It is a unique central extension of Spin(n).
description: 44 pages, 10 figures, LaTex. Submitted. (v2) Main theorem strengthened to include uniqueness results. (v3) Typos corrected, references added, exposition improved. More details added to proof of main theorem. Section on 2-groups as a localization added. Corrected errors in proofs and statements about extensions of 2-groups; statements of relevant lemmas remain unchanged
IL “TEATRO INTERIORE” DEL TRADUTTORE: EDOARDO SANGUINETI E IL DRAMMA ANTICO
Creators: name: Giovannelli, Maddalena
Publisher: name: Italiano LinguaDue
Year: 2021

description: L’attività Sanguineti come traduttore di teatro si contraddistingue per una profonda consapevolezza delle specificità del testo drammatico; in particolare della sua natura di testo orale e della relazione con il primo fruitore (cioè lo spettatore). L’articolo analizza le traduzioni di Sanguineti come processo di vera e propria pre-regia: la sua visione e interpretazione del testo tradotto orienta e determina vigorosamente l’esito della messa in scena. Si prendono in considerazione, in particolare, due casi: le Baccanti messa in scena da Luigi Squarzina (1968) e poi da Luca Ronconi (1978) e l’unica commedia tradotta da Sanguineti (La Festa delle Donne prodotta dal Teatro della Tosse,1979), che presenta caratteristiche anomale rispetto al resto del corpus. The translator’s “Inner theatre”: Edoardo Sanguineti and the ancient drama As a theatre translator, Edoardo Sanguineti was deeply aware of the specific features of dramatic texts. In particular, he focused on their oral nature and the relationship with the primary addressee (i.e. the spectator). This article considers Sanguineti’s translations as a kind of pre-direction: his view and interpretation of the translated text had considerable impact on the staging. The article focuses mainly on two case studies: Bacchae directed by Luigi Squarzina (1968) and subsequently by Luca Ronconi (1978), and the only comedy translated by Sanguineti (The Assemblywomen produced by the Teatro della Tosse in 1979), which stands apart from the rest of his corpus.
description: Italiano LinguaDue, V. 12 N. 2 (2020)
Papers in Bantu grammar and description
Creators: name: Downing, Laura J.
name: Marten, Lutz
name: Zerbian, Sabine
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2006

description: The collection of papers in this volume presents results of a collaborative project between the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) in London, the Zentrum für allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft, Typologie und Universalienforschung (ZAS) in Berlin, and the University of Leiden. All three institutions have a strong interest in the linguistics of Bantu languages, and in 2003 decided to set up a network to compare results and to provide a platform for on-going discussion of different topics on which their research interests converged. The project received funding from the British Academy International Networks Programme, and from 2003 to 2006 seven meetings were held at the institutions involved under the title Bantu Grammar: Description and Theory, indicating the shared belief that current research in Bantu is best served by combining the description of new data with theoretically informed analysis. During the life-time of the network, and partly in conjunction with it, larger externally funded Bantu research projects have been set up at all institutions: projects on word-order and morphological marking and on phrasal phonology in Leiden, on pronominal reference, agreement and clitics in Romance and Bantu at SOAS, and on focus in Southern Bantu languages at ZAS. The papers in this volume provide a sampling of the work developed within the network and show, or so we think, how fruitful the sharing of ideas over the last three years has been. While the current British Academy-funded network is coming to an end in 2006, we hope that the cooperative structures we have established will continue to develop - and be expanded - in the future, providing many future opportunities to exchange findings and ideas about Bantu linguistics.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 43 (2006): Papers in Bantu grammar and description
The efficiency of convective tidal viscosity in close solar-type binaries
Creators: name: Goldman, Itzhak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The value of the effective convective viscosity, in the framework of the mixing length theory (MLT), is 2 orders of magnitude too small compared to that required by the observational data. Moreover, the reduction of the effective viscosity due to the fast time-variation of the tidal shear in short period binaries, increases the discrepancy to about three orders of magnitude. In this work, we examine the possibility that the apparent inefficiency of turbulent convection is merely a shortcoming of MLT approach. We employ a model for stellar turbulent convection (Canuto, Goldman & Mazzitelli 1996) and use an analytic approximation to the turbulent spectrum. The resulting efficiency is substantially increased; the discrepancy is a factor of 30 down from a factor of 1000. This encouraging result motivates an investigation of the full non-analytic solutions of the turbulent spectrum.
“UNA IMPRESSIONE TUTTA NUOVA”: LEOPARDI TRADUTTORE DELLA POESIA GRECA ARCAICA
Creators: name: La Rosa, Maddalena
Publisher: name: Italiano LinguaDue
Year: 2021

description: Il cosiddetto “passaggio dall’erudizione al bello”, avvenuto nella carriera di Leopardi intorno al 1816, nello Zibaldone è motivato dalla lettura intensiva e dagli esperimenti di traduzione svolti in quegli anni sui poeti greci: tuttavia, più che i numerosi esercizi su Anacreonte, Mosco e Teocrito compiuti perlopiù secondo gli stilemi settecenteschi della poesia arcadica, i testi che suscitano una maggiore empatia nel traduttore e quindi una maggiore originalità nella traduzione sono tratti dai poeti di età arcaica. Attraverso gli esempi delle traduzioni di Saffo, Alceo, Omero ed Esiodo, svolte tra il 1814 e il 1817, l’intervento intende offrire un’indagine dei metodi traduttivi di Giacomo Leopardi per approfondire come, anche grazie alla consultazione di diverse fonti librarie tra cui traduzioni latine e francesi, egli costruisca un nuovo e personale linguaggio poetico. “A whole new impression”: Giacomo Leopardi translator of Archaic Greek Poetry The so-called “passage from erudition to the beautiful”, which occurred in Leopardi’s career around 1816, was motivated in the Zibaldone thanks to his intensive reading and translating experiments done on Greek poets during those years. In place of numerous exercises on Anacreon, Moschus and Theocritus carried out according to eighteenth-century stylistic features of Arcadian poetry, the texts that aroused greater empathy in the translator and therefore more originality in his adaptations are those by poets of the Archaic age. By analyzing the translations of Sappho, Alcaeus, Homer and Hesiod done between 1814 and 1817, this paper investigates Giacomo Leopardi’s translation methods through which, thanks to the consultation of various book sources including Latin and French translations, he built a new, personal poetic language.
description: Italiano LinguaDue, V. 12 N. 2 (2020)
Dolichogenidea breviventris
Creators: name: Liu, Zhen
name: He, Jun-Hua
name: Chen, Xue-Xin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Dolichogenidea
Dolichogenidea breviventris

description: Dolichogenidea breviventris (Ratzeburg, 1848)
Figures 7, 35
 Microgaster breviventris Ratzeburg, 1848: 51. Holotype in Deutsches Entomologisches Institut.
 Apanteles breviventris Ratzeburg: Marshall, 1889: 492; Fahringer, 1936: 156; Papp, 1978: 286; Papp, 1975: 239; Shenefelt, 1972: 457; Tobias, 1986: 769; van Achterberg, 2002: 27; Telenga, 1955: 61.
 Dolichogenidea breviventris Ratzeburg: Papp, 1988: 161; Belokobylskij, 2003: 388; Koponen, 1992: 193 –208.
 Diagnosis. Pterostigma brown with pale spot at base; wing membrane hyaline; metacarp distinctly longer than length of pterostigma, 7 longer than its distance from apex of radial cell; legs bright reddish yellow; ovipositor sheath two-thirds as long as third tibia, apically widening; antenna usually longer than body, penultimate antennomeres 1.5–2.0 longer than wide; T1 slightly converged posteriorly, hind half smooth to rugulose; T2 smooth; and mesonotum shiny and with discrete punctuation, interspaces not smaller than diameter of punctures.
 Variation. Fore wing length 2.45–3.00mm.
 Material examined. 1♀, Mt. Westtianmu (Chanyuan Temple), Zhejiang, 1988. V.26, Fan Jinjiang, No. 884371; 2♀♀, Mt. Westtianmu (Chanyuan Temple), Zhejiang, 1988. V.16–18, Guo Shibai, Nos. 882946, 882963; 1♀, Lishui, Zhejiang, 1982.IV–VI, Xu Yue, No. 824072; 1♀, Mt. Fengyang, Longquan, Zhejiang, 1982. VIII.22– 24, Song Qisheng, No. 826584.
 Distribution. China (Zhejiang) new record; Czech Republic, Czechoslovakia, Egypt, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Korea, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom.
 Note: Features of these specimens mostly agree with the descriptions of Fahringer (1936), Papp (1975) and
Tobias (1986) except T1 shorter, and mesosoma shorter than metasoma.
description: Published as part of Liu, Zhen, He, Jun-Hua & Chen, Xue-Xin, 2018, The laevigata - group of the genus Dolichogenidea Mason, 1981 from China, with descriptions of 26 new species, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 4436 (1) on pages 18-20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4436.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1292683
Specific-Heat Measurement of Residual Superconductivity in the Normal State of Underdoped Cuprate Superconductors
Creators: name: Wen, Hai-Hu
name: Mu, Gang
name: Luo, Huiqian
name: Yang, Huan
name: Shan, Lei
name: Ren, Cong
name: Cheng, Peng
name: Yan, Jing
name: Fang, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the magnetic field and temperature dependence of specific heat on $Bi_2Sr_{2-x}La_xCuO_{6+δ}$ single crystals in wide doping and temperature regions. The superconductivity related specific heat coefficient $γ_{sc}$ and entropy $S_{sc}$ are determined. It is found that $γ_{sc}$ has a hump-like anomaly at $T_c$ and behaves as a long tail which persists far into the normal state for the underdoped samples, but for the heavily overdoped samples the anomaly ends sharply just near $T_c$. Interestingly, we found that the entropy associated with superconductivity is roughly conserved when and only the long tail part in the normal state is taken into account for the underdoped samples, indicating the residual superconductivity above T$_c$.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters