cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Muscina Robineau-Desvoidy 1830
Creators: name: Couri, Marcia S.
name: Pont, Adrian C.
name: Daugeron, Christophe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Muscidae
Muscina

description: Genus Muscina Robineau-Desvoidy
 Muscina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 406. Type-species: Musca stabulans Fallén, 1817, des. Coquillett (1910: 571).
 Diagnosis. Male holoptic, eye bare; arista plumose with hairs on basal three-fourths and bare on the apical fourth; female with crossed setae on frontal vitta; presutural acrostichals developed; prealar seta short, but distinct; anepimeron bare; meron setulose; wing with apical section of vein M slightly curved forward, veins bare; hind tibia with calcar strong, submedian; sternite 1 setulose.
 Comments. Two species of Muscina are known to occur in the Australasian/Oceanian Regions (Pont, 1989) and only M. stabulans has been recorded from New Caledonia.
description: Published as part of Couri, Marcia S., Pont, Adrian C. & Daugeron, Christophe, 2010, The Muscidae (Diptera) of New Caledonia 2503, pp. 1-61 in Zootaxa 2503 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2503.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10094189
Relativistic Unitarized Quark/Meson Model in Momentum Space
Creators: name: Rupp, George
name: van Beveren, Eef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An outline is given how to formulate a relativistic unitarized constituent quark model of mesons in momentum space, employing harmonic quark confinement. As a first step, the momentum-space harmonic-oscillator potential is solved in a relativistically covariant, three-dimensional quasipotential framework for scalar particles, using the spline technique. Then, an illustrative toy model with the same dynamical equations but now one $q\bar{q}$ and one meson-meson channel, coupled to one another through quark exchange describing the $^3P_0$ mechanism, is solved in closed form on a spline basis. Conclusions are presented on how to generalize the latter to a realistic multichannel quark/meson model.
description: Plain LaTeX, 12 pages, 2 EPS figures. Contribution to the Second International Workshop on Hadron Physics, Effective Theories of Low Energy QCD, 25-29 September, 2002 (Coimbra, Portugal)
Unsupervised Deep Features for Privacy Image Classification
Creators: name: Sitaula, Chiranjibi
name: Xiang, Yong
name: Aryal, Sunil
name: Lu, Xuequan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sharing images online poses security threats to a wide range of users due to the unawareness of privacy information. Deep features have been demonstrated to be a powerful representation for images. However, deep features usually suffer from the issues of a large size and requiring a huge amount of data for fine-tuning. In contrast to normal images (e.g., scene images), privacy images are often limited because of sensitive information. In this paper, we propose a novel approach that can work on limited data and generate deep features of smaller size. For training images, we first extract the initial deep features from the pre-trained model and then employ the K-means clustering algorithm to learn the centroids of these initial deep features. We use the learned centroids from training features to extract the final features for each testing image and encode our final features with the triangle encoding. To improve the discriminability of the features, we further perform the fusion of two proposed unsupervised deep features obtained from different layers. Experimental results show that the proposed features outperform state-of-the-art deep features, in terms of both classification accuracy and testing time.
description: Accepted in PSIVT2019 Conference
The Effect of Autoclave on the Powder of (PMMA) on the Water Sorption, Solubility and Porosity
Creators: name: Taqa, Amer A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110599 Dentistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The Effect of Autoclave on the Powder of (PMMA) on the Water Sorption, Solubility and Porosity
Determinants of Per Capita Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT): The Case of California
Creators: name: Woldeamanuel, Mintesnot
name: Kent, Andrew
name: Woldeamanuel, Mintesnot
name: Kent, Andrew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Public Economics

description: This study uses multivariate regression to isolate determinants of per capita VMT in California from the National Household Travel Survey (NHTS), as well as a Chow Test to identify structural change between the 2001 and 2009 NHTS. Results across the 2001 and 2009 NHTS data sets indicate certain determinant variables have emerged over time and others have changed in strength of impact. Our findings support mixed methods VMT reduction strategies to achieve near- and longterm GHG targets.
Paralastor vulpinus subsp. vulpinus
Creators: name: Carpenter, James M.
name: Brown, Graham R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Vespidae
Paralastor
Paralastor vulpinus
Vulpinus vulpinus (de saussure)

description: vulpinus vulpinus (de Saussure)
Alastor vulpinus de Saussure 1856: 335, pl. XVI fig. 6, female (in subgenus Paralastor)—“ Australia ” (coll. Baly, London).— Dalla Torre 1894 Cat. Hym. 9: 112 (cat.); 1904: 61 (cat.).
Paralastor vulpinus; Perkins 1914a: 572 (key), 587 (S. A.: Adelaide; Vic.: Croydon); 1914b: 238 (compared to P. laetus Perkins).— Cardale 1985: 197 (cat.).
description: Published as part of Carpenter, James M. & Brown, Graham R., 2021, Catalogue of the Australian Eumeninae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 4919 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4919.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4473370
Edge of chaos and avalanches in neural networks with heavy-tailed synaptic weight distribution
Creators: name: Kuśmierz, Łukasz
name: Ogawa, Shun
name: Toyoizumi, Taro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an analytically tractable neural connectivity model with power-law distributed synaptic strengths. When threshold neurons with biologically plausible number of incoming connections are considered, our model features a continuous transition to chaos and can reproduce biologically relevant low activity levels and scale-free avalanches, i.e. bursts of activity with power-law distributions of sizes and lifetimes. In contrast, the Gaussian counterpart exhibits a discontinuous transition to chaos and thus cannot be poised near the edge of chaos. We validate our predictions in simulations of networks of binary as well as leaky integrate-and-fire neurons. Our results suggest that heavy-tailed synaptic distribution may form a weakly informative sparse-connectivity prior that can be useful in biological and artificial adaptive systems.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Local statistics of lattice dimers
Creators: name: Kenyon, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B20

description: We show how to compute the probability of any given local configuration in a random tiling of the plane with dominos. That is, we explicitly compute the measures of cylinder sets for the measure of maximal entropy $μ$ on the space of tilings of the plane with dominos. We construct a measure $ν$ on the set of lozenge tilings of the plane, show that its entropy is the topological entropy, and compute explicitly the $ν$-measures of cylinder sets. As applications of these results, we prove that the translation action is strongly mixing for $μ$ and $ν$, and compute the rate of convergence to mixing (the correlation between distant events). For the measure $ν$ we compute the variance of the height function.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures
Probabilistic Models Significantly Reduce Uncertainty in Hurricane Harvey Pluvial Flood Loss Estimates
Creators: name: Rözer, Viktor
name: Kreibich, Heidi
name: Schröter, Kai
name: Müller, Meike
name: Sairam, Nivedita
name: Doss‐Gollin, James
name: Lall, Upmanu
name: Merz, Bruno
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Pluvial flood risk is mostly excluded in urban flood risk assessment. However, the risk of pluvial flooding is a growing challenge with a projected increase of extreme rainstorms compounding with an ongoing global urbanization. Considered as a flood type with minimal impacts when rainfall rates exceed the capacity of urban drainage systems, the aftermath of rainfall‐triggered flooding during Hurricane Harvey and other events show the urgent need to assess the risk of pluvial flooding. Due to the local extent and small‐scale variations, the quantification of pluvial flood risk requires risk assessments on high spatial resolutions. While flood hazard and exposure information is becoming increasingly accurate, the estimation of losses is still a poorly understood component of pluvial flood risk quantification. We use a new probabilistic multivariable modeling approach to estimate pluvial flood losses of individual buildings, explicitly accounting for the associated uncertainties. Except for the water depth as the common most important predictor, we identified the drivers for having loss or not and for the degree of loss to be different. Applying this approach to estimate and validate building structure losses during Hurricane Harvey using a property level data set, we find that the reliability and dispersion of predictive loss distributions vary widely depending on the model and aggregation level of property level loss estimates. Our results show that the use of multivariable zero‐inflated beta models reduce the 90% prediction intervalsfor Hurricane Harvey building structure loss estimates on average by 78% (totalling U.S.$3.8 billion) compared to commonly used models.
description: Key Points Recent severe pluvial flood events highlight the need to integrate pluvial flooding in urban flood risk assessment Probabilistic models provide reliable estimation of pluvial flood loss across spatial scales Beta distribution model reduces the 90% prediction interval for Hurricane Harvey building loss by U.S.$3.8 billion or 78%
description: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347
description: NSF GRFP
description: Fulbright Doctoral Program
The Magnitudes of Economic and Non-Economic Factors on the Demand for U.S. Domestic Air Travel
Creators: name: Park, Ju D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Park, Ju D.
name: Koo, Won W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Public Economics

description: The primary purpose of this study is to analyze air carriers’ behavior in capturing market share by examining the economic factors affecting passenger behavior toward air travel. This study also examines non-economic factors such as seasonality, unexpected events (9/11 attack), mergers, and trends. Because the airlines included in this study compete with each other, seemingly unrelated regression estimation (SURE) is used to estimate the parameters of the demand models which have correlated error terms. The economic and statistical relationship of the factors with air passenger miles provides valuable information to understand the nature of the demand for the U.S. air passenger industry. In examining demand determinants, this study concludes that air fare, income, seasonality, and mergers play significant roles in determining the demand for air passengers.
New CTEQ global analysis of quantum chromodynamics with high-precision data from the LHC
Creators: name: Hou, Tie-Jiun
name: Gao, Jun
name: Hobbs, T. J.
name: Xie, Keping
name: Dulat, Sayipjamal
name: Guzzi, Marco
name: Huston, Joey
name: Nadolsky, Pavel
name: Pumplin, Jon
name: Schmidt, Carl
name: Sitiwaldi, Ibrahim
name: Stump, Daniel
name: Yuan, C. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the new parton distribution functions (PDFs) from the CTEQ-TEA collaboration, obtained using a wide variety of high-precision Large Hadron Collider (LHC) data, in addition to the combined HERA I+II deep-inelastic scattering data set, along with the data sets present in the CT14 global QCD analysis. New LHC measurements in single-inclusive jet production with the full rapidity coverage, as well as production of Drell-Yan pairs, top-quark pairs, and high-$p_T$ $Z$ bosons, are included to achieve the greatest sensitivity to the PDFs. The parton distributions are determined at NLO and NNLO, with each of these PDFs accompanied by error sets determined using the Hessian method. Fast PDF survey techniques, based on the Hessian representation and the Lagrange Multiplier method, are used to quantify the preference of each data set to quantities such as $α_s(m_Z)$, and the gluon and strange quark distributions. We designate the main resulting PDF set as CT18. The ATLAS 7 TeV precision $W/Z$ data are not included in CT18, due to their tension with other data sets in the global fit. Alternate PDF sets are generated including the ATLAS precision 7 TeV $W/Z$ data (CT18A), a new scale choice for low-$x$ DIS data (CT18X), or all of the above with a slightly higher choice for the charm mass (CT18Z). Theoretical calculations of standard candle cross sections at the LHC (such as the $gg$ fusion Higgs boson cross section) are presented.
description: 106 pages + 10 pages supplemental material, 88 figures and 13 tables; discussions expanded with additional results and references
Paralastor xanthochromus Perkins 1914
Creators: name: Carpenter, James M.
name: Brown, Graham R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Vespidae
Paralastor
Paralastor xanthochromus

description: xanthochromus Perkins
Paralastor xanthochromus Perkins 1914a: 577 (key), 614, female—“ Queensland, Cairns” (London).— Cardale 1985: 197 (cat.).
description: Published as part of Carpenter, James M. & Brown, Graham R., 2021, Catalogue of the Australian Eumeninae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 4919 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4919.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4473370
Forecast of CO2 Emissions From the U.S. Transportation Sector: Estimation From a Double Exponential Smoothing Model
Creators: name: Choi, Jaesung
name: Roberts, David C.
name: Lee, Eunsu
name: Choi, Jaesung
name: Roberts, David C.
name: Lee, Eunsu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Public Economics

description: This study examines whether the decreasing trend in U.S. CO2 emissions from the transportation sector since the end of the 2000s will be shown across all states in the nation for 2012‒2021. A double exponential smoothing model is used to forecast CO2 emissions for the transportation sector in the 50 states and the U.S., and its findings are supported by the validity test of pseudo out-ofsample forecasts. We conclude that the decreasing trend in transportation CO2 emissions in the U.S. will continue in most states in the future.
The geometric theory of charge conservation in particle-in-cell simulations
Creators: name: Glasser, Alexander S.
name: Qin, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, several gauge-symmetric particle-in-cell (PIC) methods have been developed whose simulations of particles and electromagnetic fields exactly conserve charge. While it is rightly observed that these methods' gauge symmetry gives rise to their charge conservation, this causal relationship has generally been asserted via ad hoc derivations of the associated conservation laws. In this work, we develop a comprehensive theoretical grounding for charge conservation in gauge-symmetric Lagrangian and Hamiltonian PIC algorithms. For Lagrangian variational PIC methods, we apply Noether's second theorem to demonstrate that gauge symmetry gives rise to a local charge conservation law as an off-shell identity. For Hamiltonian splitting methods, we show that the momentum map establishes their charge conservation laws. We define a new class of algorithms -- gauge-compatible splitting methods -- that exactly preserve the momentum map associated with a Hamiltonian system's gauge symmetry -- even after time discretization. This class of algorithms affords splitting schemes a decided advantage over alternative Hamiltonian integrators. We apply this general technique to design a novel, explicit, symplectic, gauge-compatible splitting PIC method, whose momentum map yields an exact local charge conservation law. Our study clarifies the appropriate initial conditions for such schemes and examines their symplectic reduction.
State Variation in Railroad Wheat Rates
Creators: name: Babcock, Michael W.
name: McKamey, Matthew
name: Gayle, Phillip
name: Babcock, Michael W.
name: McKamey, Matthew
name: Gayle, Phillip
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Wheat shippers in the Central Plains states have no cost effective transportation alternative to railroads. Wheat produced in these areas moves long distances to domestic processing and consumption locations or to ports for export. Wheat shippers in the Great Plains don’t have direct access to barge loading locations and trucks provide no intermodal competition for these movements. Wheat shippers in Montana and North Dakota are highly dependent on rail transport because they are distant from barge loading locations and intra-railroad competition is limited. In North Dakota, the BNSF controls 78% of the Class I rail mileage, and in Montana, the BNSF controls 94%. Montana ships nearly 100% of its wheat by rail. Unlike Montana and North Dakota, the BNSF and UP have roughly equal track mileage in Kansas. The BNSF has 44% of the Class I rail mileage and the UP, 55%. Also, both railroads serve the major Kansas grain storage and market centers. A 2010 USDA study found that in 1988, Montana and North Dakota had the highest rail grain revenue per ton-mile of the 10 major grain producing states. By 2007 this was no longer the case. The overall objective of the paper is to investigate railroad pricing behavior for the shipment of North Dakota, Kansas, and Montana wheat. Specific objectives include (1) develop a model to measure the impacts of railroad costs and competition on rail wheat rates for North Dakota, Kansas, and Montana, (2) identify and measure the major cost determinants of rail wheat prices, and (3) measure intermodal competition by comparing rail wheat rates in captive markets (Montana and North Dakota) to one with more intermodal competition (Kansas). The results indicate that there is little difference in average Montana and Kansas rail wheat rates per ton-mile. However, North Dakota average railroad wheat prices per-ton mile are higher than average Kansas rates per ton-mile.
Factors Contributing to Police Attendance at Motor Vehicle Crash Scenes
Creators: name: Tay, Richard
name: Kattan, Lina
name: Bai, Yuan
name: Tay, Richard
name: Kattan, Lina
name: Bai, Yuan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Police attendance at a motor vehicle crash scene is important for investigating the causes of crashes, reducing secondary crashes, managing traffic, and reducing congestion. However, very little research has been conducted to examine the factors contributing to the likelihood of police attendance. This study hypothesizes that the policies of the police services concerned, convenience and comfort, and expectations of injuries or driver violations will increase the likelihood of police attendance at a crash scene. This conceptual framework is supported by the results from fitting a logistic regression model to crash data from the City of Calgary in Alberta, Canada.
Quantum Dynamics and Random Matrix Theory
Creators: name: Kunz, Herve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the survival probability of an initial state, with an energy in a certain window, by means of random matrix theory. We determine its probability distribution and show that is is universal, i.e. caracterised only by the symmetry class of the hamiltonian and independent of the initial state.
description: 6 pages
Contributing Circumstances Impact on Missouri Teenage Driver Crash Fatalities
Creators: name: Bernard, Jill M.
name: Sweeney, Donald C.
name: Bernard, Jill M.
name: Sweeney, Donald C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Missouri data from 2002-2011 are used to analyze the major circumstances that increase the risk of fatality in crashes involving teenage drivers, given a motor vehicle crash occurs. The frequencies of contributing circumstances among teenage and older drivers are compared and a multinomial logistic regression model is used to predict the probability of crash severity under different circumstances. For crashes involving teenage drivers, it is found that driving too fast for conditions, speeding, inattention, and driving on the wrong side are the most frequent circumstances cited in fatal crashes, and are major factors that increase the likelihood of a fatality occurring.
Comments on the stability of the KPV state
Creators: name: Nguyen, Nam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the blackfold approach, we study the classical stability of the KPV (Kachru-Pearson-Verlinde) state of anti-D3 branes at the tip of the Klebanov-Strassler throat. With regards to generic long-wavelength deformations considered, we found no instabilities. We comment on the relation of our results to existing results on the stability of the KPV state.
description: 32 pages, 2 figures, Version 2 changes: new version includes warping effects in the background which modifies previous conclusion, changes to the presentation, new appendices added with more details. Version 3 changes: Typos fixed, references added, and presentation changes to match the published version
Optimal Entropic Uncertainty Relation for Successive Measurements in Quantum Information Theory
Creators: name: Srinivas, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an optimal bound on the sum of entropic uncertainties of two or more observables when they are sequentially measured on the same ensemble of systems. This optimal bound is shown to be greater than or equal to the bounds derived in the literature on the entropic uncertainties of two observables which are measured on distinct but identically prepared ensembles of systems. In the case of a two-dimensional Hilbert Space, the optimal bound for successive measurements of two spin components, is seen to be strictly greater than the optimal bound for the case when they are measured on distinct ensembles, except when the spin components are mutually parallel or perpendicular.
description: 17 pages, submitted to Pramana J.Phys
Faber polynomial coefficient estimation of subclass of bi-subordinate univalent functions
Creators: name: Saleh, S. A.
name: El-Qadeem, Alaa H.
name: Mamon, Mohamed A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 30C45, Secondary 30C50, 30C55

description: In this paper, a comprehensive subclass of bi-univalent functions class are introduced and investigated. Using the Faber polynomials, estimation of the coefficients $|a_n|$ and certain Fekete-Szegö inequality of Maclaurin expansion of functions in this subclass are concluded. Finally, some earlier results are pointed out and improved.
description: The results of the second theorem is corected in the new version. Also we add another lemma in the new version which plays a main role in proving our results
Muscina stabulans
Creators: name: Couri, Marcia S.
name: Pont, Adrian C.
name: Daugeron, Christophe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Muscidae
Muscina
Muscina stabulans

description: 16. Muscina stabulans (Fallén)
 Musca stabulans Fallén, 1817: 252. Lectotype male, probably Skåne province, Sweden, in NRS, des. Pont (1984: 294). Muscina stabulans; Pont, 1989: 675–676.
 Diagnosis. As for the genus. Palpus, tip of scutellum and all tibiae yellow.
 Comments. This species was listed from New Caledonia by Pont (1989), but we have been unable to ascertain the basis for this record as no material has been seen. It was not found on New Caledonia by Shinonaga et al. (1991).
 Distribution. Australia (widespread), Fiji, Hawai‘ian Is, Lord Howe I., New Zealand (Auckland Is, NZ), Norfolk Is, PNG (Bismarck Arch.), Vanuatu; cosmopolitan.
description: Published as part of Couri, Marcia S., Pont, Adrian C. & Daugeron, Christophe, 2010, The Muscidae (Diptera) of New Caledonia 2503, pp. 1-61 in Zootaxa 2503 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2503.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10094189
Seasonal Carbon Dynamics in the Near‐Global Ocean
Creators: name: Keppler, L.
name: Landschützer, P.
name: Gruber, N.
name: Lauvset, S. K.
name: Stemmler, I.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: The seasonal cycle represents one of the largest signals of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the ocean, yet these seasonal variations are not well established at a global scale. Here, we present the Mapped Observation‐Based Oceanic DIC (MOBO‐DIC) product, a monthly DIC climatology developed based on the DIC measurements from GLODAPv2.2019 and a two‐step neural network method to interpolate and map the measurements. MOBO‐DIC extends from the surface down to 2,000 m and from 65°N to 65°S. We find the largest seasonal amplitudes of surface DIC in the northern high‐latitude Pacific (∼30 to >50 μmol kg−1). Surface DIC maxima occur in hemispheric spring and minima in fall, driven by the input of DIC into the upper ocean by mixing during winter, and net community production (NCP) driven drawdown of DIC over summer. The seasonal pattern seen at the surface extends to a nodal depth of <50 m in the tropics and several hundred meters in the subtropics. Below the nodal depth, the seasonal cycle of DIC has the opposite phase, primarily owing to the seasonal accumulation of DIC stemming from the remineralization of sinking organic matter. The well‐captured seasonal drawdown of DIC in the mid‐latitudes (23° to 65°) allows us to estimate the spring‐to‐fall NCP in this region. We find a spatially relatively uniform spring‐to‐fall NCP of 1.9 ± 1.3 mol C m−2 yr−1, which sums to 3.9 ± 2.7 Pg C yr−1 over this region. This corresponds to a global spring‐to‐fall NCP of 8.2 ± 5.6 Pg C yr−1.
description: Key Points We present a near‐global monthly DIC climatology (MOBO‐DIC) based on ship observations and a two‐step neural network Seasonal surface DIC amplitudes range from 0 to more than 50 μmol kg−1 MOBO‐DIC yields a spring‐to‐fall NCP in the euphotic zone of the mid‐latitudes of 3.9 ± 2.7 Pg C yr−1
description: European Community's Horizon 2020 Project
description: International Max Planck Research School on Earth System Modelling (IMPRS‐ESM)
Equity Evaluation of Sustainable Mileage-Based User Fee Scenarios
Creators: name: Burris, Mark
name: Lee, Sunghoon
name: Geiselbrecht, Tina
name: Baker, Richard
name: Weatherford, Brian
name: Burris, Mark
name: Lee, Sunghoon
name: Geiselbrecht, Tina
name: Baker, Richard
name: Weatherford, Brian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Public Economics

description: This paper examined equity changes from the imposition of a mileage-based user fee (MBUF) based on how revenue is collected as well as how it is spent. Using the 2009 National Household Travel Survey along with detailed transportation spending estimates, four scenarios were examined. A scenario where an MBUF is combined with a federal tax and includes a greater focus on maintenance spending was the most geographically equitable. Researchers also found that considering funding disbursement when examining the effect of a shift to an MBUF may change the equity of a funding option as compared to only examining revenue source.
Two-band superconductivity with unconventional pairing symmetry in HfV$_2$Ga$_4$
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, A.
name: Ferreira, P. P.
name: Santos, F. B.
name: Adroja, D. T.
name: Lord, J. S.
name: Correa, L. E.
name: Machado, A. J. S.
name: Manesco, A. L. R.
name: Eleno, L T. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we have examined the superconducting ground state of the HfV$_2$Ga$_4$ compound using resistivity, magnetization, zero-field (ZF) and transverse-field (TF) muon-spin relaxation and rotation ($μ$SR) measurements. Resistivity and magnetization unveil the onset of bulk superconductivity with $T_{\bf c}\sim$ 3.9~K, while TF-$μ$SR measurements show that the temperature dependence of the superfluid density is well described by a nodal two-gap $s$+$d$-wave order parameter model. In addition, ZF muon relaxation rate increases with decreasing temperature below 4.6 K, indicating the presence of weak spin fluctuations. These observations suggest an unconventional multiband nature of the superconductivity possibly arising from the distinct $d$-bands of V and Hf ions with spin fluctuations playing an important role. To better understand these findings, we carry out first-principles electronic-structure calculations, further highlighting that the Fermi surface consists of multiple disconnected sheets with very different orbital weights and spin-orbit coupling, bridging the way for a nodal multiband superconductivity scenario. In this vein, therefore, HfV$_2$Ga$_4$-family stands out as an open avenue to novel unexplored unconventional superconducting compounds, such as ScV$_2$Ga$_4$ and ZrV$_2$Ga$_4$, and other many rare earths based materials.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Is the Decision to Code-Share a Route Different for Virtual and Traditional Code-Share Arrangements?
Creators: name: Du, Yan
name: McMullen, B. Starr
name: Du, Yan
name: McMullen, B. Starr
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Public Economics

description: This paper analyzes factors that determine whether alliance carriers choose to remain in or leave a code-share agreement on individual routes. Different types of code-sharing are considered: traditional code-shared routes, virtual code-shared routes and those routes with both traditional and virtual code-sharing. Empirical results show that factors affecting alliance firms’ code-sharing decisions significantly differ for virtual versus traditional code-share agreements. Virtual codesharing tends to take place in less dense markets and is not significantly affected by yields. This provides tentative support for the Ito and Lee (2005) argument that virtual code-sharing provides a mechanism by which carriers practice price discrimination (for instance, filling unoccupied seats in less dense markets). In contrast traditional code-sharing is found to be more likely to occur in dense markets and higher yields increase the probability of such arrangements. Thus, traditional code-sharing seems to be used to achieve the networking economics and cost savings derived from dense markets and thus appears to be more effective as an instrument to introduce competition into a market.
Eigenvalue estimates for the Dirac operator depending on the Weyl curvature tensor
Creators: name: Friedrich, Thomas
name: Kirchberg, Klaus-Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C27, 53C25

description: We prove new lower bounds for the first eigenvalue of the Dirac operator on compact manifolds whose Weyl tensor or curvature tensor, respectively, is divergence free. In the special case of Einstein manifolds, we obtain estimates depending on the Weyl tensor.
description: Latex2.09, 9 pages
Sampling Strategies for Data-Driven Inference of Input-Output System Properties
Creators: name: Koch, Anne
name: Montenbruck, Jan Maximilian
name: Allgöwer, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Due to their relevance in controller design, we consider the problem of determining the $\mathcal{L}^2$-gain, passivity properties and conic relations of an input-output system. While, in practice, the input-output relation is often undisclosed, input-output data tuples can be sampled by performing (numerical) experiments. Hence, we present sampling strategies for discrete time and continuous time linear time-invariant systems to iteratively determine the $\mathcal{L}^2$-gain, the shortage of passivity and the cone with minimal radius that the input-output relation is confined to. These sampling strategies are based on gradient dynamical systems and saddle point flows to solve the reformulated optimization problems, where the gradients can be evaluated from only input-output data samples. This leads us to evolution equations, whose convergence properties are then discussed in continuous time and discrete time.
description: This is the author's version of an article that has been published in IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. The final version of record is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TAC.2020.2994894
Dynamic MTU : Technique to reduce packet drops in IPv6 network resulted due to smaller path mtu size
Creators: name: Hussain, Ishfaq
name: Bashir, Janibul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With an increase in the number of internet users and the need to secure internet traffic, the unreliable IPv4 protocol has been replaced by a more secure protocol, called IPv6 for Internet system. The IPv6 protocol does not allow intermediate routers to fragment the on-going IPv6 packet. Moreover, due to IP tunneling, some extra headers are added to the IPv6 packet, exceeding the packet size higher than the maximum transmission unit (MTU), resulting in increase in packet drops. One probable solution is to find the MTU of every link in advance using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) packets and accordingly fragment the packets at the source itself. However, most of the intermediate routers and the network firewalls do not allow ICMP packets to traverse through their network, resulting in network black holes, where we cannot know the MTU of some links in advance. This method tries to handle the packet drops in IPv6 network by proposing a DMTU scheme where we dynamically adjust the MTU of each link depending upon the original size of the IPv6 packet, thereby reducing the number of packet drops by a significant amount. Using mathematical and graphical analysis, our scheme proves to be much more efficient than the state-of-the-art PMTUD scheme. In this paper the method, mathematical and graphical representations are focusing solely in IPv6 Internet communication.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures. Journal of King Saud University Computer and Information Sciences (2021)
Economic analysis of Red Chittagong Cattle farming system in some selected areas of Chittagong district
Creators: name: Halim, M.A
name: Kashem, M.A
name: Ahmed, J.U
name: Hossain, M.
name: Halim, M.A
name: Kashem, M.A
name: Ahmed, J.U
name: Hossain, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
Farm Management

description: The study was carried out in 5 Upazilas under Chittagong district with a view to analyze the present socio-economic status of RCC farming practices on 100 RCC rearers (Potiya, Raujan, Chandanaish, Anowara and Satkania Upazila). The study showed that, about 39.00 percent of RCC farm owners were landless, 31.00 percent were small and marginal farmers, 17.00 percent were medium and 13.00 percent were large farmers according to their landholding sizes. The cost of rearing RCC per cattle per year was found to be Tk. 17503.76, Tk. 15540.27, and Tk. 33044.03 as cash cost, non cash cost and total cost respectively. The study also revealed that, average daily milk yield, lactation yield and lactation length of RCC were found to be 2.71 liters, 581.61 liters and 215.41 days, respectively. The average per year per cattle gross return of RCC was found Tk. 25390.41. The gross returns over cash cost and full cost basis of rearing per lactation per cattle of RCC were found at Tk 8058.642 and Tk.-7501.53, respectively. The benefit cost ratio on the basis of cash cost and full costs per year per cattle was found 1.47 and 0.77, respectively. The study also revealed that, the rural farmers prefer RCC farming than other breeds due to high conception rate, each year calving, disease resistance, high milk fat per cent and cost effective farming.
Study of the Effects of Customer Service Quality and Product Quality on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty.pdf
Creators: name: Lyndell Altejar
name: Dizon, Camille
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 150501 Consumer-Oriented Product or Service Development
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Our data is a well consolidated study about customer satisfaction and its relationship to various variables that will help business organizations in the future
Neutron backscatter edge: A measure of the hydrodynamic properties of the dense DT fuel at stagnation in ICF experiments
Creators: name: Crilly, Aidan J.
name: Appelbe, Brian D.
name: Mannion, Owen M.
name: Forrest, Chad J.
name: Gopalaswamy, Varchas
name: Chittenden, Jeremy P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinematic lower bound for the single scattering of neutrons produced in DT fusion reactions produces a backscatter edge in the measured neutron spectrum. The energy spectrum of backscattered neutrons is dependent on the scattering ion velocity distribution. As the neutrons preferentially scatter in the densest regions of the capsule, the neutron backscatter edge presents a unique measurement of the hydrodynamic conditions in the dense DT fuel. It is shown that the spectral shape of the edge is determined by the scattering rate weighted fluid velocity and temperature of the stagnating capsule. In order to fit the neutron spectrum, a model for the various backgrounds around the backscatter edge is developed and tested on synthetic data produced from hydrodynamic simulations of OMEGA implosions. It is determined that the analysis could be utilised on current ICF experiments in order to measure the dense fuel properties.
Synthesiomyia Brauer & Bergenstamm
Creators: name: Couri, Marcia S.
name: Pont, Adrian C.
name: Daugeron, Christophe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Muscidae
Synthesiomyia

description: Genus Synthesiomyia Brauer & Bergenstamm, new record
 Synthesiomyia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1893: 9, 110, 178. Type-species: Synthesiomyia brasiliana Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1893 [= Cyrtoneura nudiseta Wulp, 1883], orig. des.
 Diagnosis. Eye bare; arista with very short hairs; dorsocentrals 2+4; prealar seta strong; katepimeron and anepimeron bare; katepisternals 1:2; wing veins bare; vein M strongly curved forward apically; lower calypter very enlarged; sternite 1 setulose.
 Comments. The genus is newly recorded from New Caledonia, although there are two specimens in the MNHN collection that were identified by S. Shinonaga in 1991 but not mentioned in his paper of 1991 (Shinonaga et al., 1991).
description: Published as part of Couri, Marcia S., Pont, Adrian C. & Daugeron, Christophe, 2010, The Muscidae (Diptera) of New Caledonia 2503, pp. 1-61 in Zootaxa 2503 (1) on pages 26-27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2503.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10094189
Paralastor xanthus Giordani Soika 1977
Creators: name: Carpenter, James M.
name: Brown, Graham R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Vespidae
Paralastor
Paralastor xanthus

description: xanthus Giordani Soika
Paralastor xanthus Giordani Soika 1977: 134, female—“ W. Australia: Sturt Creek, Camp 1” (Leiden).— Cardale 1985: 197 (cat.).— Borsato & Ratti 1999: 99 (list).
description: Published as part of Carpenter, James M. & Brown, Graham R., 2021, Catalogue of the Australian Eumeninae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 4919 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4919.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4473370
Adversarial symmetric GANs: bridging adversarial samples and adversarial networks
Creators: name: Liu, Faqiang
name: Xu, Mingkun
name: Li, Guoqi
name: Pei, Jing
name: Shi, Luping
name: Zhao, Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generative adversarial networks have achieved remarkable performance on various tasks but suffer from training instability. Despite many training strategies proposed to improve training stability, this issue remains as a challenge. In this paper, we investigate the training instability from the perspective of adversarial samples and reveal that adversarial training on fake samples is implemented in vanilla GANs, but adversarial training on real samples has long been overlooked. Consequently, the discriminator is extremely vulnerable to adversarial perturbation and the gradient given by the discriminator contains non-informative adversarial noises, which hinders the generator from catching the pattern of real samples. Here, we develop adversarial symmetric GANs (AS-GANs) that incorporate adversarial training of the discriminator on real samples into vanilla GANs, making adversarial training symmetrical. The discriminator is therefore more robust and provides more informative gradient with less adversarial noise, thereby stabilizing training and accelerating convergence. The effectiveness of the AS-GANs is verified on image generation on CIFAR-10 , CelebA, and LSUN with varied network architectures. Not only the training is more stabilized, but the FID scores of generated samples are consistently improved by a large margin compared to the baseline. The bridging of adversarial samples and adversarial networks provides a new approach to further develop adversarial networks.
Multicomponent dipole-mode spatial solitons
Creators: name: Desyatnikov, Anton S.
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
name: Motzek, Kristian
name: Kaiser, Friedemann
name: Weilnau, Carsten
name: Denz, Cornelia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study (2+1)-dimensional multicomponent spatial vector solitons with a nontrivial topological structure of their constituents, and demonstrate that these solitary waves exhibit a symmetry-breaking instability provided their total topological charge is nonzero. We describe a novel type of stable multicomponent dipole-mode solitons with intriguing swinging dynamics.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Optics Letters
Synthesiomyia nudiseta
Creators: name: Couri, Marcia S.
name: Pont, Adrian C.
name: Daugeron, Christophe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Muscidae
Synthesiomyia
Synthesiomyia nudiseta

description: 17. Synthesiomyia nudiseta (Wulp), new record
 Cyrtoneura nudiseta Wulp, 1883: 42. Holotype female, Argentina, in ZMAN (seen).
 Diagnosis. A large species, easily distinguished by the orange-red antenna, bare arista and tip of abdominal tergite 5 orange-red.
 Material examined: MNHN. New Caledonia: Nouméa: vii.1955, J. Rageau, 2 ♀, Shinonaga det.
 BPBM: New Caledonia: Col des Roussettes: 450–550 m, 4–6.ii.1963, 3 ♀, ex fresh human excrement, J.L. Gressitt. La Fou: beach near la Fou, 28.xii.1958, 1 ♀, C.R. Joyce. Nouméa: Anse Vata, 1.xi.1958, 1 ♂; 11.xi.1958, 1 ♂; 17.xi.1958, 1 ♂, 1 ♀; 22.x.1958, 1 ♂, 1 ♀; 25.x.1958, 2 ♂, 1 ♀; 27.x.1958, 1 ♂, 2 ♀, C.R. Joyce. Plaine des Lacs: 30.x.1958, 2 ♀; 6.xi.1958, 1 ♀; 6.xii.1958, 3 ♀, C.R. Joyce. Poindime: 26.xi.1958, 1 ♂, N.L.H. Krauss. Sarraméa: 12.ii.1963, 1 ♀, C.M. Yoshimoto & N.L.H. Krauss. In Mts up Boulari R. [Road]: 3–4.xi.1958, 2 ♂, 9 ♀, C.R. Joyce. Mt stream up to Boulari R. [Road]: 3.xi.1958, 2 ♀, light trap, C.R. Joyce. Junction, Humboldt & Kalouchola Riv [Rivière]: 100 m, 14.xii.1963, 6 ♂, 2 ♀, R. Straatman. Up Boulari R. [Road]: 17.xi.1958, 1 ♂, C.R. Joyce.
 Comments. This is the first record of this species from New Caledonia.
 Distribution. Australia (NSW, Qld), Bonin is, Fiji, French Polynesia (Marquesas, Society Is), Guam Hawai‘ian Is, Lord Howe I., Norfolk I., PNG (PNG), New Caledonia (New Caledonia), Tonga, Vanuatu, Wake I, Western Samoa; tropicopolitan.
description: Published as part of Couri, Marcia S., Pont, Adrian C. & Daugeron, Christophe, 2010, The Muscidae (Diptera) of New Caledonia 2503, pp. 1-61 in Zootaxa 2503 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2503.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10094189
Effect of Community Based Organization microcredit on livelihood improvement
Creators: name: Akter, R.
name: Bashar, M.A
name: Majumder, M.K
name: Shashid, Sonia B.
name: Akter, R.
name: Bashar, M.A
name: Majumder, M.K
name: Shashid, Sonia B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The study was conducted to examine the effects of Community Based Organization (CBO) micro-credit program of Concern Worldwide on the livelihood improvement of beneficiaries in a selected area of Mymensingh district. In the study, 50 respondents were purposively selected of which 30, 12 and 8 were engaged in small trading, saloon and rickshaw pulling respectively. Tabular and statistical analyses were applied for achieving the objectives. All of the factors to measure the socio-economic condition such as awareness, family income, assets, clothing, etc has been changed. It was also found that the women participation in the household decision making increases. Repayment performance of CBO micro-credit program was highly satisfactory. Respondent’s income and loan receipt amount were positively contributed to loan repayment, whereas respondent’s age, education, family size and forced saving negatively affected the same. Ninety four per cent of the respondents mainly repaid their loan on time with the hope of getting loan in future. Overall, the CBO micro-credit program was found to have significant positive effects on livelihood improvement.