cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficient Training of ANN Potentials by Including Atomic Forces via Taylor Expansion and Application to Water and a Transition-Metal Oxide
Creators: name: Cooper, April M.
name: Kästner, Johannes
name: Urban, Alexander
name: Artrith, Nongnuch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Artificial neural network (ANN) potentials enable the efficient large-scale atomistic modeling of complex materials with near first-principles accuracy. For molecular dynamics simulations, accurate energies and interatomic forces are a prerequisite, but training ANN potentials simultaneously on energies and forces from electronic structure calculations is computationally demanding. Here, we introduce an efficient alternative method for the training of ANN potentials on energy and force information based on an extrapolation of the total energy via a Taylor expansion. By translating the force information to approximate energies, the quadratic scaling with the number of atoms exhibited by conventional force-training methods can be avoided, which enables the training on reference data sets containing complex atomic structures. We demonstrate for different materials systems, clusters of water molecules, bulk liquid water, and a lithium transition-metal oxide, that the proposed force-training approach provides substantial improvements over schemes that train on energies only. Including force information for training reduces the size of the reference data sets required for ANN potential construction, increases the transferability of the potential, and generally improves the force prediction accuracy. For a set of water clusters, the Taylor-expansion approach achieves around 50% of the force error improvement compared to the explicit training on all force components, at a much smaller computational cost. The alternative force training approach thus simplifies the construction of general ANN potentials for the prediction of accurate energies and interatomic forces for diverse types of materials, as demonstrated here for water and a transition-metal oxide.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures
Properties of Molecular Gas in Galaxies in Early and Mid Stages of Interaction. III. Resolved Kennicutt-Schmidt Law
Creators: name: Kaneko, Hiroyuki
name: Kuno, Nario
name: Iono, Daisuke
name: Tamura, Yoichi
name: Tosaki, Tomoka
name: Nakanishi, Koichiro
name: Sawada, Tsuyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study properties of the interstellar medium, an ingredient of stars, and star formation activity, in four nearby galaxy pairs in the early and mid stages of interaction for both a galaxy scale and a kpc scale. The galaxy-scale Kennicutt-Schmidt law shows that seven of eight interacting galaxies have a star formation rate within a factor of three compared with the best-fit of the isolated galaxies, although we have shown that molecular hydrogen gas is efficiently produced from atomic hydrogen during the interaction in the previous paper. The galaxy-scale specific star formation rate (sSFR) and star formation efficiency (SFE) in interacting galaxies are comparable to those in isolated galaxies. We also investigate SFE and the Kennicutt-Schmidt law on a kpc scale. The spatial distributions of SFE reveal that SFE is locally enhanced, and the enhanced regions take place asymmetrically or at off-centre regions. The local enhancement of SFE could be induced by shock. We find that the index of the Kennicutt-Schmidt law for the interacting galaxies in the early stage is 1.30$\pm$0.04, which is consistent with that of the isolated galaxies. Since CO emission, which is used in the Kennicutt-Schmidt law, is a tracer of the amount of molecular gas, this fact suggests that dense gas, which is more directly connected to star formation, is not changed at the early stage of interaction.
description: 40 pages, 15 figures, 10 tables; accepted for publication in PASJ
Analytical sociology: Its logical foundations and relation to modern theory and methods
Creators: name: Pearce, Joseph Robert
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4410
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: The focus of this dissertation is on Gert Mueller's work in logic, ontology, and analytical sociology and how the logic of conceptual hierarchies may be applied to clarify epistemological issues that define the relationship between sociological theory and empirical research. The dissertation begins with a discussion of the aim of science and sociology's status as a science particularly in connection to epistemological issues. An historical sketch of the emergence of mathematical logic as a method for testing propositions is presented, including the link between Wittgenstein's work in logic and Mueller's analysis of the foundational function. This is followed by an examination of the empirical domains of analytical sociology as the ontological ordering of nature, social order, moral order, and formal cultural systems. I focus selectively on the social order and apply Boolean algebra and foundational logic to an analysis of the division of labor, civil society, and the State. In light of the latter, Antonio Gramsci's and Louis Althusser's theories of the State are critiqued. Finally, it is shown how the application of foundational logic helps to clarify methodological issues that define the relationship between sociological theory and empirical research. The problems of induction, causality, determinism, concept formation, and measurement are discussed. One main conclusion is that causal modeling of social reality based on empiricist and deterministic assumptions must be augmented with logically informed conceptual hierarchies based on founding/controlling factors that condition social reality rather than positively determine it.
1911-01-21 G.V. Black to McKay
Creators: name: Black, G. V. (Greene Vardiman), 1836-1915.
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 1911
Subjects: Dental Fluorosis
Tooth Abnormalities
Fluoridation
Colorado

description: Title: G.V. Black to McKay Container: c02 id: level:
Analytical sociology: Its logical foundations and relation to modern theory and methods
Creators: name: Pearce, Joseph Robert
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The focus of this dissertation is on Gert Mueller's work in logic, ontology, and analytical sociology and how the logic of conceptual hierarchies may be applied to clarify epistemological issues that define the relationship between sociological theory and empirical research. The dissertation begins with a discussion of the aim of science and sociology's status as a science particularly in connection to epistemological issues. An historical sketch of the emergence of mathematical logic as a method for testing propositions is presented, including the link between Wittgenstein's work in logic and Mueller's analysis of the foundational function. This is followed by an examination of the empirical domains of analytical sociology as the ontological ordering of nature, social order, moral order, and formal cultural systems. I focus selectively on the social order and apply Boolean algebra and foundational logic to an analysis of the division of labor, civil society, and the State. In light of the latter, Antonio Gramsci's and Louis Althusser's theories of the State are critiqued. Finally, it is shown how the application of foundational logic helps to clarify methodological issues that define the relationship between sociological theory and empirical research. The problems of induction, causality, determinism, concept formation, and measurement are discussed. One main conclusion is that causal modeling of social reality based on empiricist and deterministic assumptions must be augmented with logically informed conceptual hierarchies based on founding/controlling factors that condition social reality rather than positively determine it.
Reflections on the Fifth International Conference on Women in Physics
Creators: name: Singh, Chandralekha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article describes reflections on the Fifth International Conference on Women in Physics which was a conference attended by 215 female physicists and a few male physicists from 49 different countries. The article focuses on the barriers that women face in their professional advancement in physics and the extent to which the situation is different in various countries.
description: This article describes reflections on the Fifth International Conference on Women in Physics
Precision of the acoustic control of single photon scattering with semiconductor quantum dots
Creators: name: Bogaczewicz, Rafał A.
name: Machnikowski, Paweł
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Acoustic modulation of quantum dots allows one to control the scattering of photons. Here we theoretically characterize the degree of this acoustic control in the frequency domain. We formulate the theory of low-intensity resonance fluorescence in the presence of white noise and show that a high level of control is achievable with a two-tone acoustic field for appropriate settings of modulation amplitudes as long as the noise-induced phase diffusion coefficient remains one order of magnitude smaller than the acoustic frequency. In addition, using a quantitative model of optical signal collection, we determine that the acoustic phase must be stable over $\mathbf{10^4}$ to $\mathbf{10^5}$ acoustic periods for efficient control.
description: contains supplementary material
World Bank's adjustment lending policy, 1980-1989: Towards understanding the socio-political dimensions of adjustment
Creators: name: Saburi-Haghighi, Neda
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The World Bank's policy of structural adjustment was analyzed to test the utility of a qualitative technique, textual analysis, for assessing the coherence of the formulation and implementation of public policy. This treatise provides an approach for examining the various components of an articulated policy. It especially evaluates the coherence of the socio-political themes as they were reflected within selected official internal documents issued by the Bank during the years 1980-1989, to examine the Bank's policy and general approach as it was exhibited towards the regions of Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean. The adopted methodology, based upon the sociology of knowledge, developed a cognitively based system for coding verbal protocols or social knowledge (meanings, perceptions, and biases). In practice, the methodology transforms textual information into a set of conceptual maps through the use of computer-assisted techniques. The methodology related social (geographical proximity) with cognitive (Bank loan agreement) data at multiple points in time. The maps were then combined to demonstrate differences and similarities within their shared knowledge. Some of the resulting conclusions were that the World Bank's policy has changed over time and its ideological framework has shifted from an emphasis on basic needs, (1980-1985) and to the encouraging of efficiency and acknowledgement to a reduction of the social costs of adjustment and assistance to vulnerable groups (1985-1989). Attention to individual country political systems, their environment, and their ability to absorb the "shock" and timeliness of the policy's implementation has increased over time; this was reflected within the Bank's efforts to incorporate the input of governments within the process of adjustment, especially in the latter part of the decade. Also, the policy varied as a function of its targeted regions of implementation, yet countries within each region were treated uniquely. When the technique is employed in conjunction with quantitative data, such as demographic changes, it can be used to explore potential changes within a country or region through the use of computer simulation. The general approach of data collection, data structuring, and information activity and analysis produced a toolkit for conducting cost-effective and highly valid analyses of qualitative social research.
Repurposing Existing Deep Networks for Caption and Aesthetic-Guided Image Cropping
Creators: name: Horanyi, Nora
name: Xia, Kedi
name: Yi, Kwang Moo
name: Bojja, Abhishake Kumar
name: Leonardis, Ales
name: Chang, Hyung Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a novel optimization framework that crops a given image based on user description and aesthetics. Unlike existing image cropping methods, where one typically trains a deep network to regress to crop parameters or cropping actions, we propose to directly optimize for the cropping parameters by repurposing pre-trained networks on image captioning and aesthetic tasks, without any fine-tuning, thereby avoiding training a separate network. Specifically, we search for the best crop parameters that minimize a combined loss of the initial objectives of these networks. To make the optimization table, we propose three strategies: (i) multi-scale bilinear sampling, (ii) annealing the scale of the crop region, therefore effectively reducing the parameter space, (iii) aggregation of multiple optimization results. Through various quantitative and qualitative evaluations, we show that our framework can produce crops that are well-aligned to intended user descriptions and aesthetically pleasing.
Persistent response in ultra-strongly driven mechanical membrane resonators
Creators: name: Yang, Fan
name: Hellbach, Felicitas
name: Rochau, Felix
name: Belzig, Wolfgang
name: Weig, Eva M.
name: Rastelli, Gianluca
name: Scheer, Elke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study experimentally and theoretically the phenomenon of persistent response in ultra-strongly driven membrane resonators. This term denotes the development of a vibrating state with nearly constant amplitude over an extreme wide frequency range. We reveal the underlying mechanism of the persistent response state by directly imaging the vibrational state using advanced optical interferometry. We argue that the persistent state is related to the nonlinear interaction between higher order flexural modes and higher-order overtones of the driven mode. Finally, we propose a stability diagram for the different vibrational states that the membrane can adopt.
World Bank's adjustment lending policy, 1980-1989: Towards understanding the socio-political dimensions of adjustment
Creators: name: Saburi-Haghighi, Neda
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4410
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: The World Bank's policy of structural adjustment was analyzed to test the utility of a qualitative technique, textual analysis, for assessing the coherence of the formulation and implementation of public policy. This treatise provides an approach for examining the various components of an articulated policy. It especially evaluates the coherence of the socio-political themes as they were reflected within selected official internal documents issued by the Bank during the years 1980-1989, to examine the Bank's policy and general approach as it was exhibited towards the regions of Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean. The adopted methodology, based upon the sociology of knowledge, developed a cognitively based system for coding verbal protocols or social knowledge (meanings, perceptions, and biases). In practice, the methodology transforms textual information into a set of conceptual maps through the use of computer-assisted techniques. The methodology related social (geographical proximity) with cognitive (Bank loan agreement) data at multiple points in time. The maps were then combined to demonstrate differences and similarities within their shared knowledge. Some of the resulting conclusions were that the World Bank's policy has changed over time and its ideological framework has shifted from an emphasis on basic needs, (1980-1985) and to the encouraging of efficiency and acknowledgement to a reduction of the social costs of adjustment and assistance to vulnerable groups (1985-1989). Attention to individual country political systems, their environment, and their ability to absorb the "shock" and timeliness of the policy's implementation has increased over time; this was reflected within the Bank's efforts to incorporate the input of governments within the process of adjustment, especially in the latter part of the decade. Also, the policy varied as a function of its targeted regions of implementation, yet countries within each region were treated uniquely. When the technique is employed in conjunction with quantitative data, such as demographic changes, it can be used to explore potential changes within a country or region through the use of computer simulation. The general approach of data collection, data structuring, and information activity and analysis produced a toolkit for conducting cost-effective and highly valid analyses of qualitative social research.
Additional file 7 of Neuron ID dataset facilitates neuronal annotation for whole-brain activity imaging of C. elegans
Creators: name: Toyoshima, Yu
name: Wu, Stephen
name: Kanamori, Manami
name: Sato, Hirofumi
name: Jang, Moon Sun
name: Suzu Oe
name: Murakami, Yuko
name: Teramoto, Takayuki
name: Chanhyun Park
name: Yuishi Iwasaki
name: Ishihara, Takeshi
name: Yoshida, Ryo
name: Iino, Yuichi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 7: Figure S4. Overlay plot of cell positions for all worms. (A) The positions of cells in the left half of the body for all worms are plotted. Colored circles indicate the positions of identified cells. Gray circles indicate the positions of unidentified cells. Different colors mean different identities. (B) Same as (A) but only for identified cells. (C) Same as (A) but only for identified non-pharyngeal cells. (D) Same as (A) but only for identified pharyngeal cells.
An assessment of premarital counseling practices of pastors of the Wesleyan Church
Creators: name: Babb, David D.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 50
subject: Philosophy and religious studies
classificationCode: 5004
subject: Religious studies
classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This study investigated the premarital counseling practices of pastors of the Wesleyan Church in the United States. Its purpose was to ascertain the practices of pastors regarding the provision of premarital counseling services to members of the church they serve and to draw implications from the findings regarding the need to modify and/or develop premarital counseling services within the Wesleyan Church. Two instruments were constructed by the writer, the Wesleyan Church Pastor's Descriptive Data Profile (WCPDDP) rand the Pastoral Pre-Marital Counseling Inventory (PPMCI), to elicit data used to address three research questions. They focused on the extent to which premarital counseling programs of study respondents paralleled typical premarital counseling programs outside the Wesleyan Church in terms of content, practices, and policy. Study respondents were 538 ordained pastors randomly selected from names provided by the Wesleyan Church International Center in Indianapolis, Indiana. Of this number, 386 (79.8%) returned by mail usable sets of study materials. Respondents had a church assignment in September 1990. They were essentially male (98.2%), married (98.2%), over age 35 (79.2%), and provided premarital counseling to at least four couples each year for the past ten years. Study findings indicated that 15 of 21 topics, considered as part of a typical premarital counseling program, were included by more than one-half of the pastors in the study sample. Just six of these topics were included by more than 80% of the respondents in marriage preparation programs. Only 40 respondents (10.6%) agreed that the ordination requirements in the Wesleyan Church provide adequate training for effective premarital counseling. Study findings support the conclusion that the emphasis and priorities given to both the content and practices of premarital counseling vary substantially among Wesleyan pastors. The implication is that the Church should provide more structure with regard to the topics included in marriage preparation as well as the practices of premarital counseling. The finding that most pastors believe their training has not adequately prepared them for premarital counseling seems to support the conclusion that the Church must take steps to modify college programs in pastoral preparation for the ministry to include more attention to premarital counseling.
Skyrmions and pentaquarks in the quark-hadron continuity perspective
Creators: name: Casalbuoni, R.
name: Nardulli, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that in the color-flavor-locking (CFL) superconducting phase classical soliton solutions can exist, whose excitations should be interpreted as states formed by a quark (or an antiquark) and condensed diquarks. This finding extends the picture of quark-hadron-continuity showing the existence of a region, intermediate between the CFL and the hypernuclear phase, where chiral solitons and Nambu Goldstone bosons can exist. We derive an expression of the soliton mass in terms of the QCD coupling, $g_s$, and the Nambu Goldstone boson parameters. From the quark-hadron continuity we can draw an argument in favor of the interpretation of the $Θ^+(1540)$ particle in terms of a strange antiquark and two highly correlated $ud$ pairs (diquarks).
description: 12 pages, LaTex. 2 figures. Final version for Physics Letters B
Fully nonlinear mode competitions in magnetised Taylor-Couette flow
Creators: name: Ayats, R.
name: Deguchi, K.
name: Mellibovsky, F.
name: Meseguer, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonlinear mode competition of various spiral instabilities in magnetised Taylor-Couette flow. The resulting finite-amplitude mixed-mode solution branches are tracked using the annular-parallelogram periodic domain approach developed by Deguchi & Altmeyer (2013). Mode competition phenomena are studied in both the anti-cyclonic and cyclonic Rayleigh-stable regimes. In the anti-cyclonic sub-rotation regime, with the inner cylinder rotating faster than the outer, Hollerbach, Teeluck & Rudiger (2010) found competing axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric magneto-rotational linearly unstable modes within the parameter range where experimental investigation is feasible. Here we confirm the existence of mode competition and compute the nonlinear mixed-mode solutions that result from it. In the cyclonic super-rotating regime, with the inner cylinder rotating slower than the outer, Deguchi (2017) recently found a non-axisymmetric purely hydrodynamic linear instability that coexists with the non-axisymmetric magneto-rotational instability discovered a little earlier by Rudiger, Schultz, Gellert & Stefani (2016). We show that nonlinear interactions of these instabilities give rise to rich pattern-formation phenomena leading to drastic angular momentum transport enhancement/reduction.
Dynamics of an Ensemble of Noisy Bistable Elements with Global Time-Delayed Coupling
Creators: name: Huber, D.
name: Tsimring, L. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of an ensemble of bistable elements with global time-delayed coupling under the influence of noise is studied analytically and numerically. Depending on the noise level the system undergoes ordering transitions and demonstrates multi-stability. That is, for a strong enough positive feedback it exhibits a non-zero stationary mean field and a variety of stable oscillatory mean field states are accessible for positive and negative feedback. The regularity of the oscillatory states is maximal for a certain noise level, i.e., the system demonstrates coherence resonance. While away from the transition points the system dynamics is well described by a Gaussian approximation, near the bifurcation points a description in terms of a dichotomous theory is more adequate.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
An assessment of premarital counseling practices of pastors of the Wesleyan Church
Creators: name: Babb, David D.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This study investigated the premarital counseling practices of pastors of the Wesleyan Church in the United States. Its purpose was to ascertain the practices of pastors regarding the provision of premarital counseling services to members of the church they serve and to draw implications from the findings regarding the need to modify and/or develop premarital counseling services within the Wesleyan Church. Two instruments were constructed by the writer, the Wesleyan Church Pastor's Descriptive Data Profile (WCPDDP) rand the Pastoral Pre-Marital Counseling Inventory (PPMCI), to elicit data used to address three research questions. They focused on the extent to which premarital counseling programs of study respondents paralleled typical premarital counseling programs outside the Wesleyan Church in terms of content, practices, and policy. Study respondents were 538 ordained pastors randomly selected from names provided by the Wesleyan Church International Center in Indianapolis, Indiana. Of this number, 386 (79.8%) returned by mail usable sets of study materials. Respondents had a church assignment in September 1990. They were essentially male (98.2%), married (98.2%), over age 35 (79.2%), and provided premarital counseling to at least four couples each year for the past ten years. Study findings indicated that 15 of 21 topics, considered as part of a typical premarital counseling program, were included by more than one-half of the pastors in the study sample. Just six of these topics were included by more than 80% of the respondents in marriage preparation programs. Only 40 respondents (10.6%) agreed that the ordination requirements in the Wesleyan Church provide adequate training for effective premarital counseling. Study findings support the conclusion that the emphasis and priorities given to both the content and practices of premarital counseling vary substantially among Wesleyan pastors. The implication is that the Church should provide more structure with regard to the topics included in marriage preparation as well as the practices of premarital counseling. The finding that most pastors believe their training has not adequately prepared them for premarital counseling seems to support the conclusion that the Church must take steps to modify college programs in pastoral preparation for the ministry to include more attention to premarital counseling.
Europa's Hemispheric Color Dichotomy as a Constraint on Non-synchronous Rotation
Creators: name: Burnett, Ethan
name: Hayne, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Europa's surface reflectance exhibits a pronounced hemispheric dichotomy, which is hypothesized to form due to enhanced irradiation of the trailing hemisphere by energetic particles entrained in the jovian magnetosphere. We propose that this pattern can only persist if the timescale for discoloration is much shorter than that of Europa's rotation relative to the synchronous state, and provide a means for constraining the rotation rate using the observed color pattern. By decomposing the longitudinal ultraviolet and visible color variations from Voyager data into sine and cosine terms, we find no detectable signature of non-synchronous rotation (NSR). This same conclusion is reached with two observational models of discoloration: one representing an actively discoloring surface, and the other assuming that the present-day exogenic discoloration on the surface is in steady-state. Magnitudes of the expected signature are presented as functions of the age of the crater Pwyll, which is used to constrain the timescale of discoloration. Furthermore, we develop a physical model of discoloration to validate the geometric models, producing consistent results. The failure to identify a signature of NSR using Europa's hemispheric color dichotomy magnifies the outstanding problem of the origin of the stress to explain Europa's pervasive tectonic features.
Additional file 5 of Neuron ID dataset facilitates neuronal annotation for whole-brain activity imaging of C. elegans
Creators: name: Toyoshima, Yu
name: Wu, Stephen
name: Kanamori, Manami
name: Sato, Hirofumi
name: Jang, Moon Sun
name: Suzu Oe
name: Murakami, Yuko
name: Teramoto, Takayuki
name: Chanhyun Park
name: Yuishi Iwasaki
name: Ishihara, Takeshi
name: Yoshida, Ryo
name: Iino, Yuichi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5: Figure S3. Movements of the cells during time-lapse imaging. (A) The mean position and covariance of cell positions before the translation correction are shown as ellipsoids (see Fig. 2). An adult animal of JN3038 strain (see below) was introduced in the customized olfactory chip (see Methods) and imaged for about 20 min (6000 volumes). The nuclei in the volumetric movie were detected and tracked. Note that the origins of the axes are the same as those of the obtained raw images and the cell positions cannot be compared directly to other data including Fig. 2a. (B) The mean position and covariance of cell positions after the translation correction are shown as ellipsoids. The volumes of ellipsoids are smaller than that in Fig. 2a, indicating that the temporal movements alone cannot explain the large variations of cell positions shown in Fig. 2. The summary statistics are in Additional file 6: Table S3.
Possible Reentrance of the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect in the Lowest Landau Level
Creators: name: Goerbig, M. O.
name: Lederer, P.
name: Smith, C. Morais
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of a recently developed model of interacting composite fermions, we calculate the energy of different solid and Laughlin-type liquid phases of spin-polarized composite fermions. The liquid phases have a lower energy than the competing solids around the electronic filling factors nu=4/11,6/17, and 4/19 and may thus be responsible for the fractional quantum Hall effect at nu=4/11. The alternation between solid and liquid phases when varying the magnetic field may lead to reentrance phenomena in analogy with the observed reentrant integral quantum Hall effect.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; revised version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Cocaine gold chloride complex
Creators: name: Allen, Andrew Charles
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 3405
subject: Organic chemistry

description: The structure of the cocaine gold chloride coordination complex has been studied and found to be a salt type complex of the type ($\rm C\sb{17}H\sb{21}NO\sb4H\sp+$) (AuCl$\sb4\sp-$). The structure elucidation was accomplished via U.V., I.R., $\sp1$H and $\sp{13}$C NMR spectroscopy as well as by chemical methods such as qualitative and quantitative analysis and the synthesis of structural analogs. Chemical shifts and coupling constants ($\sp1$H and $\sp{13}$C) results on the gold salt complex confirmed several published assignments and the conformation in cocaine. Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement Difference Spectra (NOEDS) allowed unequivocal assignment of certain unpublished signals, H-6,7$\sb{\rm endo}$ and H-6,7$\sb{\rm exo}$ in cocaine. NOEDS also established the chair conformation of the tropane ring and equatorial N-methyl orientation in the cocaine gold chloride salt complex with small deformations in the tropane moiety. Unique intramolecular hydrogen bonding, between the protonated 8-aza nitrogen and the O-ester at C-2, in solvents which will not on the time scale of the NMR support intermolecular hydrogen bonding, results in unusual deshielding of the H-4$\sb{\rm ax}$ resonance in cocaine salts. Finally, proton spin-lattice relaxation times (T$\sb{\rm 1}$'s) demonstrated the complex was indeed a true salt and the 3$\sp\circ$ nitrogen is not a tightly complexed ligand. As a result of the present work, the nature of cocaine-gold chloride complex, which has been used in microcrystalline microscopic analytical techniques of forensic drug analysis for over 70 years, has for the first time been determined.
Mechanical effects of optical vortices
Creators: name: Heckenberg, N. R.
name: Friese, M. E. J.
name: Nieminen, T. A.
name: Rubinsztein-Dunlop, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We concentrate on the forces and torques exerted on transparent and absorbing particles trapped in laser beams containing optical vortices. We review previous theoretical and experimental work and then present new calculations of the effect of vortex beams on absorbing particles.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures
Evolution of diversity and dominance of companies in online activity
Creators: name: McCarthy, Paul X.
name: Gong, Xian
name: Eghbal, Sina
name: Falster, Daniel S.
name: Rizoiu, Marian-Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ever since the web began, the number of websites has been growing exponentially. These websites cover an ever-increasing range of online services that fill a variety of social and economic functions across a growing range of industries. Yet the networked nature of the web, combined with the economics of preferential attachment, increasing returns and global trade, suggest that over the long run a small number of competitive giants are likely to dominate each functional market segment, such as search, retail and social media. Here we perform a large scale longitudinal study to quantify the distribution of attention given in the online environment to competing organisations. In two large online social media datasets, containing more than 10 billion posts and spanning more than a decade, we tally the volume of external links posted towards the organisations' main domain name as a proxy for the online attention they receive. We also use the Common Crawl dataset -- which contains the linkage patterns between more than a billion different websites -- to study the patterns of link concentration over the past three years across the entire web. Lastly, we showcase the linking between economic, financial and market data by exploring the relationships between online attention on social media and the growth in enterprise value in the electric carmaker Tesla. Our analysis shows that despite the fact that we observe consistent growth in all the macro indicators -- the total amount of online attention, in the number of organisations with an online presence, and in the functions they perform -- we also observe that a smaller number of organisations account for an ever-increasing proportion of total user attention, usually with one large player dominating each function. These results highlight how evolution of the online economy involves innovation, diversity, and then competitive dominance.
Cocaine gold chloride complex
Creators: name: Allen, Andrew Charles
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The structure of the cocaine gold chloride coordination complex has been studied and found to be a salt type complex of the type ($\rm C\sb{17}H\sb{21}NO\sb4H\sp+$) (AuCl$\sb4\sp-$). The structure elucidation was accomplished via U.V., I.R., $\sp1$H and $\sp{13}$C NMR spectroscopy as well as by chemical methods such as qualitative and quantitative analysis and the synthesis of structural analogs. Chemical shifts and coupling constants ($\sp1$H and $\sp{13}$C) results on the gold salt complex confirmed several published assignments and the conformation in cocaine. Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement Difference Spectra (NOEDS) allowed unequivocal assignment of certain unpublished signals, H-6,7$\sb{\rm endo}$ and H-6,7$\sb{\rm exo}$ in cocaine. NOEDS also established the chair conformation of the tropane ring and equatorial N-methyl orientation in the cocaine gold chloride salt complex with small deformations in the tropane moiety. Unique intramolecular hydrogen bonding, between the protonated 8-aza nitrogen and the O-ester at C-2, in solvents which will not on the time scale of the NMR support intermolecular hydrogen bonding, results in unusual deshielding of the H-4$\sb{\rm ax}$ resonance in cocaine salts. Finally, proton spin-lattice relaxation times (T$\sb{\rm 1}$'s) demonstrated the complex was indeed a true salt and the 3$\sp\circ$ nitrogen is not a tightly complexed ligand. As a result of the present work, the nature of cocaine-gold chloride complex, which has been used in microcrystalline microscopic analytical techniques of forensic drug analysis for over 70 years, has for the first time been determined.
No go for a flow
Creators: name: Carta, Federico
name: Mininno, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that a very large class of $15502$ general Argyres-Douglas theories cannot admit a UV lagrangian which flows to them via the Maruyoshi-Song supersymmetry enhancement mechanism. We do so by developing a computer program which brute-force lists, for any given 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ superconformal theory $\mathcal{T}_{\text{IR}}$, all possible UV candidate superconformal lagrangians $\mathcal{T}_{\text{UV}}$ satisfying some necessary criteria for the supersymmetry enhancement to happen. We argue that this is enough evidence to conjecture that it is impossible, in general, to find new examples of Maruyoshi-Song lagrangians for generalized Argyres-Douglas theories. All lagrangians already known are, on the other hand, recovered and confirmed in our scan. Finally, we also develop another program to compute efficiently Coulomb branch spectrum, masses, couplings and central charges for $(G,G')$ Argyres-Douglas theories of arbitrarily high rank.
description: 37 pages, 2 figures, 15 tables, 3 ancillary files. version 2, accepted in JHEP
Abietales Bercht. & J.Presl.
Creators: name: Reveal, James L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Abietales

description: Abietales
 Bercht. & J.Presl, P ř ir. Rostlin: 262. January–April 1820 (Abietinae), predates Link, Handbuch 2: 474. 4–11 July 1829—Abietaceae Gray (1822).
description: Published as part of Reveal, James L., 2011, New ordinal names established by changes to the botanical code, pp. 42-44 in Phytotaxa 30 on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.30.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4894455
Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resource Management in Sub-Saharan Africa for Climate Change Resilience
Creators: name: Berbos, Emma
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: climate change
subject: sustainability
subject: agriculture
subject: natural resources
subject: Sub-Saharan Africa
subject: national policy
subject: Climate Change
subject: Natural Resources
subject: Environmental Policy
subject: Sustainable agriculture
subject: Africa, Sub-Saharan

description: Climate change repercussions in Sub-Saharan Africa are permeating both natural and human systems in numerous ways. This paper therefore seeks to identify (1) sustainable agricultural policies and (2) natural resource management policies that would improve climate change resilience in Sub-Saharan Africa. It adopts a multi-goal policy analysis approach. The literature review on policy formulation and implementation revealed several themes, such as complex relationships between actors, disjointed policy implementations, and a one-size-fits-all approach. Furthermore, the policy analysis reveals that national policy for alternative agriculture, green economy, and agricultural and environmental schemes have different predicted outcomes in their implementations as climate change resilience strategies in Sub-Saharan Africa.  Concerning agricultural policies that would enhance climate change resilience in Sub-Saharan Africa, alternative agricultural practices include dependence on recycled and green practices, animal manure, and localized and friendly land tillage. The green economy entails layered agricultural systems and the cultivation of local plants, while agri-environmental schemes encompass practices such as organic farming and crop rotation. This paper recommends a combination of national policies for alternative agriculture, the green economy, and agri-environmental schemes to build climate change resilience in agriculture and natural resource management in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Crime and the Countryside
Creators: name: McGranahan, David A.
name: McGranahan, David A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Rural crime rates, though less than urban rates, now exceed the urban level of 20 years ago. Because the crime increase came at about the same time as renewed rural population growth, some blamed the growth itself. But incomplete or broken families (measured by the percentage of children not living with both parents) isa key link to rural crime—not poverty, race, or population growth.
Instability results for the damped wave equation in unbounded domains
Creators: name: Freitas, Pedro
name: Krejcirik, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L20; 35B35; 47A75

description: We extend some previous results for the damped wave equation in bounded domains in Euclidean spaces to the unbounded case. In particular, we show that if the damping term is of the form $αa$ with bounded $a$ taking on negative values on a set of positive measure, then there will always exist unbounded solutions for sufficiently large positive $α$. In order to prove these results, we generalize some existing results on the asymptotic behaviour of eigencurves of one-parameter families of Schrodinger operators to the unbounded case, which we believe to be of interest in their own right.
description: LaTeX, 19 pages; to appear in J. Differential Equations
Additional file 3 of Neuron ID dataset facilitates neuronal annotation for whole-brain activity imaging of C. elegans
Creators: name: Toyoshima, Yu
name: Wu, Stephen
name: Kanamori, Manami
name: Sato, Hirofumi
name: Jang, Moon Sun
name: Suzu Oe
name: Murakami, Yuko
name: Teramoto, Takayuki
name: Chanhyun Park
name: Yuishi Iwasaki
name: Ishihara, Takeshi
name: Yoshida, Ryo
name: Iino, Yuichi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Performance and robustness of the posture correction. (A) The variation of cell positions was evaluated as the volume of ellipsoid (corresponding to the determinant of covariance of cell positions; see Fig. 2) before and after the posture correction. The variation of cell positions was plotted against the mean cell position in the anterior-posterior (AP) axis (circles and crosses). Note that the y axis is in logarithmic scale. The lines indicate moving average obtained with a window of ±15 μm. (B) The moving average of variation of cell positions after posture correction steps that consist of principal component analysis (PCA), quadratic curve fitting, rotation, and translation (see Methods), each of which reduced the variations. (C) Up to 20% of the cells were randomly removed before the posture correction that simulates overlooking of cells in the nucleus detection step. The lines indicate the moving averages of variation of cell positions after the posture correction. The lines are overlapped, suggesting that the posture correction step is robust for the overlooking of cells. (D) Up to 20% of the cells either in the anterior side or in the posterior side were removed before the posture correction that simulates cells moving out of the view of the images. The side in which the cells were removed was randomly chosen in each animal. The lines indicate the moving averages of variation of cell positions after the posture correction. The lines are overlapped, suggesting that the posture correction step is robust for the movement of the cells. The summary statistics of (A)-(D) are in Additional file 4: Table S2. (E) The cell counts are shown against the mean cell position in the AP axis. The small counts of the cells in the posterior side might increase the instability of the moving averages of ellipsoid volumes in the posterior side. (F) The variation of cell positions is shown against the cell counts. The variation and the cell counts did not seem to correlate in general.
Aesculales Bercht. & J.Presl.
Creators: name: Reveal, James L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Aesculales

description: Aesculales
 Bercht. & J.Presl, P ř ir. Rostlin:224. January–April 1820 (Aesculeae), predates Bromhead in Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, 2: 213. April 1838—Aesculaceae Burnett (1835).
description: Published as part of Reveal, James L., 2011, New ordinal names established by changes to the botanical code, pp. 42-44 in Phytotaxa 30 on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.30.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4894455