cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Machine Learning and Statistical Models for Greenland Bed Topography
Creators: name: Yi, Katherine
name: Dewar, Angelina
name: Tabassum, Tartela
name: Lu, Jason
name: Chen, Ray
name: Alam, Homayra
name: Faruque, Omar
name: Li, Sikan
name: Morlighem, Mathieu
name: Wang, Jianwu
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024

description: The purpose of this research is to study how different machine learning and statistical models can be used to predict bed topography in Greenland using ice-penetrating radar and satellite imagery data. Accurate bed topography representations are crucial for understanding ice sheet stability, melt, and vulnerability to climate change. We explored nine predictive models including dense neural network, LSTM, variational auto-encoder (VAE), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), gaussian process regression, and kriging based residual learning. Model performance was evaluated with mean absolute error (MAE), root mean squared error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2), and terrain ruggedness index (TRI). In addition to testing various predictive models, different interpolation methods, including Nearest Neighbor interpolation, Bilinear Interpolation, and Universal Kriging were used to obtain estimates the values of ice surface features at the ice bed observation locations. The XGBoost model with Universal Kriging interpolation exhibited strong predictive capabilities but demands extensive resources. Alternatively, the XGBoost model with bilinear interpolation showed robust predictive capabilities and required fewer resources. These models effectively captured the complexity of the Greenland ice sheet terrain with precision and efficiency, making them valuable tools for representing spatial patterns in diverse landscapes.
Transfer of solitons and half-vortex solitons via adiabatic passage
Creators: name: Wang, Chenhui
name: Zhang, Yongping
name: Konotop, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that transfer of matter-wave solitons and half-vortex solitons in a spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate between two (or more) arbitrarily chosen sites of an optical lattice can be implemented using the adiabatic passage. The underlying linear Hamiltonian has a flat band in its spectrum, so that even sufficiently weak inter-atomic interactions can sustain well-localized Wannier solitons which are involved in the transfer process. The adiabatic passage is assisted by properly chosen spatial and temporal modulations of the Rabi frequency. Within the framework of a few-mode approximation, the mechanism is enabled by a dark state created by coupling the initial and target low-energy solitons with a high-energy extended Bloch state, like in the conventional stimulated Raman adiabatic passage used for the coherent control of quantum states. In real space, however, the atomic transfer between initial and target states is sustained by the current carried by the extended Bloch state which remains populated during the whole process. The full description of the transfer is provided by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Protocols for the adiabatic passage are described for one- and two-dimensional optical lattices, as well as for splitting and subsequent transfer of an initial wavepacket simultaneously to two different target locations.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Adversarial multi-task underwater acoustic target recognition: towards robustness against various influential factors
Creators: name: Xie, Yuan
name: Xu, Ji
name: Ren, Jiawei
name: Li, Junfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Underwater acoustic target recognition based on passive sonar faces numerous challenges in practical maritime applications. One of the main challenges lies in the susceptibility of signal characteristics to diverse environmental conditions and data acquisition configurations, which can lead to instability in recognition systems. While significant efforts have been dedicated to addressing these influential factors in other domains of underwater acoustics, they are often neglected in the field of underwater acoustic target recognition. To overcome this limitation, this study designs auxiliary tasks that model influential factors (e.g., source range, water column depth, or wind speed) based on available annotations and adopts a multi-task framework to connect these factors to the recognition task. Furthermore, we integrate an adversarial learning mechanism into the multi-task framework to prompt the model to extract representations that are robust against influential factors. Through extensive experiments and analyses on the ShipsEar dataset, our proposed adversarial multi-task model demonstrates its capacity to effectively model the influential factors and achieve state-of-the-art performance on the 12-class recognition task.
Resonance Intelligence_ Measuring Intelligence Through Cross-Domain Coherence Restoration
Creators: name: Bostick, Devin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Cognitive Science
subject: Systems Theory
subject: Physics
subject: Epistemology
subject: AI Alignment
subject: Phase Alignment Scoring
subject: Structured Resonance
subject: Prime Harmonic Waves

description: Main CODES Framework

Abstract

Traditional measures of intelligence—rooted in IQ, symbolic reasoning, and probabilistic inference—have failed to capture the emergent capacity of systems to detect, resolve, and restore structural coherence across dynamic, broken-phase environments. We propose Resonance Intelligence (RI) as a post-probabilistic metric that evaluates intelligence not through static problem-solving or information retrieval, but by how well an agent—biological, artificial, or cosmological—can phase-lock broken coherence fields across divergent domains.

From Gödel’s logical undecidability to gamma wave synchrony in deep meditation, from dissonant octave intervals to Neuralink’s failure to establish biocognitive resonance, RI offers a unified benchmark across domains. By analyzing 20+ case studies in mathematics, physics, AI, and health systems, we construct a generalized framework for intelligence-as-coherence-restoration, with Phase Alignment Score (PAS) as its core metric. Intelligence becomes not prediction, but resonant compression and restoration—the ability to resolve asymmetries, reduce systemic entropy, and synchronize phase-space across scale and domain.
A Norwegian Approach to Downscaling
Creators: name: Benestad, Rasmus E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive geoscientific downscaling model strategy is presented outlining an approach that has evolved over the last 20 years, together with an explanation for its development, its technical aspects, and evaluation scheme. This effort has resulted in an open-source and free R-based tool, 'esd', for the benefit of sharing and improving the reproducibility of the downscaling results. Furthermore, a set of new metrics was developed as an integral part of the downscaling approach which assesses model performance with an emphasis on regional information for society (RifS). These metrics involve novel ways of comparing model results with observational data and have been developed for downscaling large multi-model global climate model ensembles. This paper presents for the first time an overview of the comprehensive framework adopted by the Norwegian Meteorological Institute for downscaling aimed at supporting climate change adaptation. A literature search suggests that this comprehensive downscaling strategy and evaluation scheme are not widely used within the downscaling community. In addition, this strategy involves a new convention for storing large datasets of ensemble results that provides fast access to information and drastically saves data volume.
description: Was submitted as a discussion paper to GMD (DOI:10.5194/gmd-2021-176) and revised according to criticism, but the reviwers misread and disliked this paper so it was unfarily rejected in the end
Additional file 1 of Experience of relatives in the first three months after a non-COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit discharge: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Danielis, Matteo
name: Terzoni, Stefano
name: Buttolo, Tamara
name: Costantini, Chiara
name: Piani, Tommaso
name: Zanardo, Davide
name: Palese, Alvisa
name: Destrebecq, Anne Lucia Leona
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. COnsolidated criteria forREporting Qualitative research checklist. Supplementary Table 2. Interview guide.
title: Lightning NOx emissions over the USA constrained by TES ozone observations and the GEOS-Chem model
title: Lightning NOx emissions over the USA investigated using TES, NLDN, LRLDN, IONS data and the GEOS-Chem model
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Jourdain, L.
name: Kulawik, S. S.
name: Worden, H. M.
name: Pickering, K. E.
name: Worden, J.
name: Thompson, Anne M.
Publisher: name: EGU
Year: 2010

description: Improved estimates of NOx from lightning sources are required to understand tropospheric NOx and ozone distributions, the oxidising capacity of the troposphere and corresponding feedbacks between chemistry and climate change. In this paper, we report new satellite ozone observations from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) instrument that can be used to test and constrain the parameterization of the lightning source of NOx in global models. Using the National Lightning Detection (NLDN) and the Long Range Lightning Detection Network (LRLDN) data as well as the HYPSLIT transport and dispersion model, we show that TES provides direct observations of ozone enhanced layers downwind of convective events over the USA in July 2006. We find that the GEOS-Chem global chemistry-transport model with a parameterization based on cloud top height, scaled regionally and monthly to OTD/LIS (Optical Transient Detector/Lightning Imaging Sensor) climatology, captures the ozone enhancements seen by TES. We show that the model's ability to reproduce the location of the enhancements is due to the fact that this model reproduces the pattern of the convective events occurrence on a daily basis during the summer of 2006 over the USA, even though it does not well represent the relative distribution of lightning intensities. However, this model with a value of 6 Tg N/yr for the lightning source (i.e.: with a mean production of 260 moles NO/Flash over the USA in summer) underestimates the intensities of the ozone enhancements seen by TES. By imposing a production of 520 moles NO/Flash for lightning occurring in midlatitudes, which better agrees with the values proposed by the most recent studies, we decrease the bias between TES and GEOS-Chem ozone over the USA in July 2006 by 40%. However, our conclusion on the strength of the lightning source of NOx is limited by the fact that the contribution from the stratosphere is underestimated in the GEOS-Chem simulations.
Additional file 1 of Effect of behavioral activation on time and frequency domain heart rate variability in older adults with subthreshold depression: a cluster randomized controlled trial in Thailand
Creators: name: Ayudhaya, Wanvisa Saisanan Na
name: Pityaratstian, Nuttorn
name: Eungpinichpong, Wichai
name: Rattananupong, Thanapoom
name: Kitidumrongsuk, Parinya
name: Loonlawong, Sriprapa
name: Jiamjarasrangsi, Wiroj
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Summary measures of heart rate variability parameters and daily steps of the original versus the imputed datasets. Table S2. Comparison of the Numbers of Daily Steps for the Two Study Groups, LOCF method. Table S3. Comparison of the numbers of daily steps within groups (Generalized Mixed Model) LOCF method†. Table S4. Comparison of the numbers of daily steps within groups (Generalized Mixed Model), MI method†. Table S5. Results of the Generalized Estimating Equation Model of HRV and Cohen’s d Effect Sizes, LOCF method†. Table S6. Pearson’s correlation coefficient values showing correlations among daily steps, heart rate variability parameters, and depression, anxiety, and stress scores.
title: A comprehensive evaluation of seasonal simulations of ozone in the northeastern US during summers of 2001–2005
title: Seasonal climate and air quality simulations for the northeastern US–Part 1: Model evaluation
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Mao, H.
name: Chen, M.
name: Hegarty, J. D.
name: Talbot, R. W.
name: Koermer, J. P.
name: Thompson, Anne M.
name: Avery, M. A.
Publisher: name: EGU
Year: 2010

description: Regional air quality simulations were conducted for summers 2001–2005 in the eastern US and subjected to extensive evaluation using various ground and airborne measurements. A brief climate evaluation focused on transport by comparing modeled dominant map types with ones from reanalysis. Reasonable agreement was found for their frequency of occurrence and distinctness of circulation patterns. The two most frequent map types from reanalysis were the Bermuda High (22%) and passage of a Canadian cold frontal over the northeastern US (20%). The model captured their frequency of occurrence at 25% and 18% respectively. The simulated five average distributions of 1-h ozone (O3) daily maxima using the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system reproduced salient features in observations. This suggests that the ability of the regional climate model to depict transport processes accurately is critical for reasonable simulations of surface O3. Comparison of mean bias, root mean square error, and index of agreement for CMAQ summer surface 8-h O3 daily maxima and observations showed –0.6±14 nmol/mol, 14 nmol/mol, and 71% respectively. CMAQ performed best in moderately polluted conditions and less satisfactorily in highly polluted ones. This highlights the common problem of overestimating/underestimating lower/higher modeled O3 levels. Diagnostic analysis suggested that significant overestimation of inland nighttime low O3 mixing ratios may be attributed to underestimates of nitric oxide (NO) emissions at night. The absence of the second daily peak in simulations for the Appledore Island marine site possibly resulted from coarse grid resolution misrepresentation of land surface type. Comparison with shipboard measurements suggested that CMAQ has an inherent problem of underpredicting O3 levels in continental outflow. Modeled O3 vertical profiles exhibited a lack of structure indicating that key processes missing from CMAQ, such as lightning produced NO and stratospheric intrusions, are important for accurate upper tropospheric representations.
title: Engaging Influential Network Members in the Community to Advocate for Health and Aspirations of Unmarried Adolescent Girls in Kolkata, India
Creators: name: Ambat, Evangeline
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: unmarried adolescent girls
subject: community based approach
subject: reproductive sexual health
subject: life skill education
subject: social network analysis
subject: malnutrition
subject: West Bengal
subject: India
subject: Education
subject: Educational Methods
subject: Other Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Working with unmarried adolescent girls on issues related to their health, nutrition and building life skills impacts the health of their children in the future. This paper presents both the needs analysis and the outline of a project proposal resulting from the needs analysis to work with unmarried adolescent girls. Project ASHAYEIN (Advocacy for Supporting Health & Aspirations of Youth by Engaging their Influential Networks) - the acronym means "hopes and wishes" in Hindi- seeks to create a web of support to reduce the vulnerability of adolescent girls in an urban slum community in the Howrah area of West Bengal India and, in turn, help navigate their lives as the next generation of women in the community. the project is designed with a two-pronged approach, working both with unmarried adolescent girls and with groups of individuals which constitute their social networks. A needs analysis to inform the design of the project was conducted through individual interviews and group discussions using the principles of 'social network analysis" with 27 unmarried adolescent girls between the ages of 10-19 years. The findings from the needs analysis has led to the development of a three-year pilot project which will be implemented by Calcutta Kids Trust - a non-profit organization in India. The project has larger goals to (a) delay the age of marriage and first pregnancy, (b) reduce the rates of anemia, (c) improve health and nutrition knowledge and practices and develop life skills among unmarried adolescent girls, and (d) build a support structure in the community to break the intergenerational cycle of malnutrition.
For Whom Do Meditation Interventions Improve Mental Health Symptoms? Looking at the Roles of Psychological and Biological Resources over Time
Creators: name: Fredrickson, Barbara L.
name: Van Cappellen, Patty
name: Barczak-Scarboro, Nikki E.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2021

description:
Objectives Engaging in meditation seems to be an effective manner of bettering psychosocial health. Although these findings hold for most people, individual differences may affect who gets greater gains from meditation. Psychological (i.e., resilience, spirituality) and biological (i.e., cardiac vagal tone, oxytocin) personal resources may work individually or synergistically to catalyze meditation-related improvements in mental health, such as increased positive (well-being) and decreased negative (depression) mental health symptoms. Methods A community-based sample of 210 adults (modeage = 35 years; 61.86% female) were recruited and randomly assigned to either mindfulness (n = 107; 51.2%) or loving-kindness (n = 102; 48.8%) meditation conditions (1 missing). The study lasted 18 months, starting with baseline measures, succeeded by a 6-week meditation intervention, and follow-up assessments every 3 months. Results The fixed effect of resilience was significant, as was the interaction between resilience and time, indicating different mental health symptom trajectories during and after a meditation intervention based on resilience. Conclusions Participants low in resilience tended to have the greatest gains (increased subjective well-being and decreased depressive symptoms) following a meditation intervention, yet these gains were not maintained 18 months following the intervention. Those high in resilience did not show mental health gains following a meditation intervention but did have higher subjective well-being symptoms 18 months following the intervention indicating that they may have experienced delayed gains.
Rheumatology health care providers’ views and practices on obesity and smoking cessation management in rheumatoid arthritis
Creators: name: Karacabeyli, Derin
name: Shojania, Kam
name: Dehghan, Natasha S.
name: Lacaille, Diane
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2022

description: Objective: To assess rheumatology health care providers’ (HCPs) knowledge, beliefs, selfefficacy, practices, and perceived barriers pertaining to weight management and smoking cessation counselling in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Method: We administered an online survey to collect self-reported data on rheumatology HCPs’ knowledge, beliefs, self-efficacy, perceived barriers, and practices related to weight management and smoking cessation counselling. Participants were recruited through invitation emails (with anonymous survey links) sent by three Canadian rheumatology organizations. Results: Fifty-nine rheumatology HCPs (15 nurses, 44 physicians) completed the survey (response rate: 11%). Over 85% correctly identified associations between obesity, or smoking, and more severe or active RA, as well as poorer response to treatment. All but one participant agreed that it was part of their responsibility to discuss these issues with patients, but 78% (46/59) felt not or slightly confident in their ability to help patients quit smoking or achieve clinically significant weight loss. The majority did not routinely assist patients in accessing appropriate resources or providers (only 42% did for obesity, 36% for smoking), send referrals (2-44%, depending on referral), or offer relevant educational materials (15% for obesity, 20% for smoking). Common barriers included competing demands and lack of time, training, access to expertise, and knowledge of available programs. Conclusion: Most rheumatology HCPs understood the implications of cigarette smoking and obesity in RA and accepted responsibility in addressing these issues. However, they lacked the time, training, confidence, and knowledge of local resources to do so effectively. There is a need to bridge this gap.
title: Leitfaden für Besucher der Antarktis
title: Leitfaden für Besucher der Antarktis
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Fabris, Rita
name: Herata, Heike
name: Hertel, Fritz
name: Hilbert, Jacqueline
name: Krakau, Manuela
name: Larws, Dagmar
name: Müller, Mirjam
name: Schwarzbach, Wiebke
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Umweltbundesamt
subject: Fremdenverkehr
subject: Antarktis-Schutzgebietsverordnung
subject: Nachhaltigkeit | Strategien | Internationales
subject: Sustainability | Strategies | International matters

description: Sie fahren aus privaten oder beruflichen Gründen in die Antarktis? Sie entdecken zum ersten oder auch wiederholten Male den "Weißen Kontinent"? Um die letzte Wildnis unseres Planeten mit ihrer einmaligen Tier- und Pflanzenwelt in seiner Ursprünglichkeit zu erhalten, gelten international verbindliche Verhaltensregeln für die Besucher der Antarktis, die das UBA in diesem Leitfaden zusammenfasst. Quelle: https://www.umweltbundesamt.de
description: Sie fahren aus privaten oder beruflichen Gründen in die Antarktis? Sie entdecken zum ersten oder auch wiederholten Male den „Weißen Kontinent“? Um die letzte Wildnis unseres Planeten mit ihrer einmaligen Tier- und Pflanzenwelt in seiner Ursprünglichkeit zu erhalten, gelten international verbindliche Verhaltensregeln für die Besucher der Antarktis, die das ⁠UBA⁠ in diesem Leitfaden zusammenfasst.
Evaluation of machine learning models as decision aids for anesthesiologists
Creators: name: Horibe, Mayumi
name: Alamdari, Ava
name: Harika, Ricky
name: Kantamneni, Sowmya
name: Strodtbeck, Wyndam
name: Strunk, Joseph D.
name: Hembrador, Sheena
name: Liberman, Justin S.
name: Velagapudi, Mihir
name: Howell, Keith
name: Nair, Bala G.
name: Flynn, David N.
name: Nair, Akira A.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2022

description:
Machine Learning (ML) models have been developed to predict perioperative clinical parameters. The objective of this study was to determine if ML models can serve as decision aids to improve anesthesiologists’ prediction of peak intraoperative glucose values and postoperative opioid requirements. A web-based tool was used to present actual surgical case and patient information to 10 practicing anesthesiologists. They were asked to predict peak glucose levels and post-operative opioid requirements for 100 surgical patients with and without presenting ML model estimations of peak glucose and opioid requirements. The accuracies of the anesthesiologists’ estimates with and without ML estimates as reference were compared. A questionnaire was also sent to the participating anesthesiologists to obtain their feedback on ML decision support. The accuracy of peak glucose level estimates by the anesthesiologists increased from 79.0 ± 13.7% without ML assistance to 84.7 ± 11.5% (< 0.001) when ML estimates were provided as reference. The accuracy of opioid requirement estimates increased from 18% without ML assistance to 42% (p < 0.001) when ML estimates were provided as reference. When ML estimates were provided, predictions of peak glucose improved for 8 out of the 10 anesthesiologists, while predictions of opioid requirements improved for 7 of the 10 anesthesiologists. Feedback questionnaire responses revealed that the anesthesiologist primarily used the ML estimates as reference to modify their clinical judgement. ML models can improve anesthesiologists' estimation of clinical parameters. ML predictions primarily served as reference information that modified an anesthesiologist’s clinical estimate.
Turbulence stabilization
Creators: name: Mao, Yu
name: Gilles, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We recently developed a new approach to get a stabilized image from a sequence of frames acquired through atmospheric turbulence. The goal of this algorihtm is to remove the geometric distortions due by the atmosphere movements. This method is based on a variational formulation and is efficiently solved by the use of Bregman iterations and the operator splitting method. In this paper we propose to study the influence of the choice of the regularizing term in the model. Then we proposed to experiment some of the most used regularization constraints available in the litterature.
Additional file 1 of The role of gilts in transmission dynamics of swine influenza virus and impacts of vaccination strategies and quarantine management
Creators: name: Ryt-Hansen, Pia
name: Nielsen, Henriette Guldberg
name: Sørensen, Simon Smed
name: Larsen, Inge
name: Kristensen, Charlotte Sonne
name: Larsen, Lars Erik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S2. Questionnaire.
Fried deconvolution
Creators: name: Gilles, Jerome
name: Osher, Stanley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we present a new approach to deblur the effect of atmospheric turbulence in the case of long range imaging. Our method is based on an analytical formulation, the Fried kernel, of the atmosphere modulation transfer function (MTF) and a framelet based deconvolution algorithm. An important parameter is the refractive index structure which requires specific measurements to be known. Then we propose a method which provides a good estimation of this parameter from the input blurred image. The final algorithms are very easy to implement and show very good results on both simulated blur and real images.
Nature's All-in-One: Multitasking Robots Inspired by Dung Beetles
Creators: name: Leung, Binggwong
name: Gorb, Stanislav
name: Manoonpong, Poramate
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Dung beetles impressively coordinate their six legs simultaneously to effectively roll large dung balls. They are also capable of rolling dung balls varying in the weight on different terrains. The mechanisms underlying how their motor commands are adapted to walk and simultaneously roll balls (multitasking behavior) under different conditions remain unknown. Therefore, this study unravels the mechanisms of how dung beetles roll dung balls and adapt their leg movements to stably roll balls over different terrains for multitasking robots. We synthesize a modular neural-based loco-manipulation control inspired by and based on ethological observations of the ball-rolling behavior of dung beetles. The proposed neural-based control contains various neural modules, including a central pattern generator (CPG) module, a pattern formation network (PFN) module, and a robot orientation control (ROC) module. The integrated neural control mechanisms can successfully control a dung beetle-like robot (ALPHA) with biomechanical feet to perform adaptive robust (multitasking) loco-manipulation (walking and ball-rolling) on various terrains (flat and uneven). It can also deal with different ball weights (2.0 and 4.6 kg) and ball types (soft and rigid). The control mechanisms can serve as guiding principles for solving complex sensory-motor coordination for multitasking robots. Furthermore, this study contributes to biological research by enhancing our scientific understanding of sensory-motor coordination for complex adaptive (multitasking) loco-manipulation behavior in animals.
Additional file 2 of The role of gilts in transmission dynamics of swine influenza virus and impacts of vaccination strategies and quarantine management
Creators: name: Ryt-Hansen, Pia
name: Nielsen, Henriette Guldberg
name: Sørensen, Simon Smed
name: Larsen, Inge
name: Kristensen, Charlotte Sonne
name: Larsen, Lars Erik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S3. Checklist.
Impacts of background ozone production on Houston and Dallas, Texas, air quality during the Second Texas Air Quality Study field mission
Creators: name: Pierce, R. Bradley
name: Al-Saadi, Jassim
name: Kittaka, Chieko
name: Schaack, Todd
name: Lenzen, Allen
name: Bowman, Kevin
name: Szykman, Jim
name: Soja, Amber
name: Ryerson, Tom
name: Thompson, Anne M.
name: Bhartia, Pawan
name: Morris, Gary A.
Publisher: name: AGU
Year: 2009
Subjects: air quality
chemical data assimilation
global modeling

description: A major objective of the 2006 Second Texas Air Quality Study (TexAQS II) focused on understanding the effects of regional processes on Houston and Dallas ozone nonattainment areas. Here we quantify the contributions of background (continental scale) ozone production on Houston and Dallas air quality during TexAQS II using ensemble Lagrangian trajectories to identify remote source regions that impact Houston and Dallas background ozone distributions. Global-scale chemical analyses, constrained with composition measurements from instruments on the NASA Aura satellite, are used to provide estimates of background composition along ensemble back trajectories. Lagrangian averaged O3 net photochemical production (production minus loss, P-L) rates along the back trajectories are used as a metric to classify back trajectories. Results show that the majority (6 out of 9 or 66%) of the periods of high ozone in Houston were associated with periods of enhanced background ozone production. Slightly less than 50% (7 out of 15) of the days with high ozone in the Dallas Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) show enhanced background ozone production. Source apportionment studies show that 5-day Lagrangian averaged O3 P-L in excess of 15 ppbv/d can occur during continental-scale transport to Houston owing to NOy enhancements from emissions within the Southern Great Lakes as well as recirculation of the Houston emissions. Dallas background O3 P-L is associated with NOy enhancements from emissions within Chicago and Houston.
Additional file 3 of The role of gilts in transmission dynamics of swine influenza virus and impacts of vaccination strategies and quarantine management
Creators: name: Ryt-Hansen, Pia
name: Nielsen, Henriette Guldberg
name: Sørensen, Simon Smed
name: Larsen, Inge
name: Kristensen, Charlotte Sonne
name: Larsen, Lars Erik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Herd information including biosercurity measures and qurantine management. * “SPF status” is a health status that a given herd can obtain by declaring free from specific pathogens. A blue status indicates that you are free from Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MYC), Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 (AP2), 6 (AP6) and 12 (AP12), PRRSv type 1 and 2, Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, Pasteurella multocida, Sarcoptes Scabiei var. Suis and Haematopinus suis. “NA” indicates that the herd did not have a SPF health status.
Crowdsourced PrEP Promotion Messages for an HIV High-Burden Area: A Framework-Based Content Analysis.
Creators: name: White, Jordan J
name: Henry, Marcus
name: Latkin, Carl A
name: Uzzi, Mudia
name: Mathews, Allison
name: Yang, Cui
name: Page, Kathleen
name: Eschliman, Evan L
name: Tucker, Joseph D
name: Moran, Meghan B
Publisher: name: Guilford Publications
Year: 2022

description:
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an important and highly effective HIV prevention strategy, but its uptake remains low, particularly among marginalized populations at high risk of HIV. Innovative and community-driven promotion strategies, such as open contests, are needed to address disparities. This directed content analysis uses a PrEP-specific adaptation of the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model to identify themes related to PrEP use reflected in community-generated submissions (n = 73) from an open contest conducted to elicit crowdsourced health promotion messages on PrEP in Baltimore, Maryland. In addition to identifying eight of the themes from the adapted IMB model, this analysis also identified two novel salient themes in the motivation category: self-worth/self-love and self-care practice. Findings from this analysis can inform PrEP promotion efforts by pointing to salient themes identified from a community-driven approach that are less well represented in existing research.
“Do I want PrEP or do I want a roof?”: Social determinants of health and HIV prevention in the southern United States
Creators: name: Muessig, Kathryn E.
name: Vecchio, Alyssa C.
name: Hightow-Weidman, Lisa B.
name: Paton, Mariajosé
name: Harrison, Sayward E.
name: Hanson, Lyd A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022

description:
Scaling up use of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) among young men who have sex with men and transgender women (YMSM/TGW) is a critical part of the Ending the HIV Epidemic plan. This qualitative study contextualized the social determinants of health (SDOH) that can impede HIV prevention in rural North and South Carolina with 14 key informant interviews with stakeholders and 3 focus groups with YMSM/TGW (N = 23). A deductive-inductive approach with multiple coders was employed to identify themes related to SDOH in rural areas, including economic challenges (e.g., housing and food insecurity), neighborhood characteristics (e.g., lack of transportation), healthcare-related issues (e.g., provider shortages) and educational barriers (e.g., lack of comprehensive and inclusive sexual education). The socio-environmental context of the rural South and prioritization of local, community-based partnerships are necessary to reduce the burden of HIV.
Additional file 4 of The role of gilts in transmission dynamics of swine influenza virus and impacts of vaccination strategies and quarantine management
Creators: name: Ryt-Hansen, Pia
name: Nielsen, Henriette Guldberg
name: Sørensen, Simon Smed
name: Larsen, Inge
name: Kristensen, Charlotte Sonne
name: Larsen, Lars Erik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Figure S1. Amino acid alignment of the H1av vaccine strain included in Respiporc FLU3 (Haselünne/IDT2617/2003 (H1N1)), and the four H1av strains obtained in Herd 2, Herd 4, Herd 5 and Herd 10. Amino acid differences between the vaccine strain and the herd strains are marked in red and the letter indicate the specific amino acid residue. The grey arrows highlights the antigenic sites of H1 (Ca1, Ca2, Cb, Sa and Sb), whereas the green arrow highlights the receptor binding site.
Efficient assembly of bolted joints using numerical FEM
Creators: name: Coria, Ibai
name: Martin, Inigo
name: Bouzid, Abdel-Hakim
name: Heras, Iker
name: Abasolo, Mikel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Several factors can cause leakages in a bolted flange connection, external loads being the most important one. External loads such as those produced by misalignment introduce an external axial load combined with a bending moment which could lead to either an excessive compression of the gasket and its subsequent crushing, and/or a separation of the flanges causing leakage failure. Several studies have been carried out to study these prejudicial effects, but no practical solutions are proposed to compensate for them. In this sense, this work presents a numerical methodology that iteratively calculates the non-uniform bolt tightening load distribution to achieve a uniform gasket stress distribution that improves the leakage performance of bolted joints subjected to external loads.
Perturbation of the European free troposphere aerosol by North American forest fire plumes during the ICARTT-ITOP experiment in summer 2004
Creators: name: Petzold, Andreas
name: Weinzierl, Bernadett
name: Huntrieser, Heidi
name: Stohl, Andreas
name: Real, Elsa
name: Cozic, Julie
name: Fiebig, Markus
name: Hendricks, Johannes
name: Lauer, Axel
name: Law, Kathy
name: Roiger, A.
name: Schlager, H.
name: Weingartner, Ernest
Publisher: name: Copernicus
Year: 2007

description: During the ICARTT-ITOP Experiment in summer 2004 plumes from large wildfires in North America were transported to Central Europe at 3–8 km altitude above sea level (a.s.l.). These plumes were studied with the DLR (Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt) research aircraft Falcon which was equipped with an extensive set of in situ aerosol and trace gas instruments. Analyses by the Lagrangian dispersion model FLEXPART provided source regions, transport times and horizontal extent of the fire plumes. Results from the general circulation model ECHAM/MADE and data from previous aerosol studies over Central Europe provided reference vertical profiles of black carbon (BC) mass concentrations for year 2000 conditions with forest fire activities below the long-term average. Smoke plume observations yielded a BC mass fraction of total aerosol mass with respect to PM 2.5 of 2–8%. The ratio of BC mass to excess CO was 3–7.5 mg BC (g CO)−1. Even after up to 10 days of atmospheric transport, both characteristic properties were of the same order as for fresh emissions. This suggests an efficient lifting of BC from forest fires to higher altitudes with only minor scavenging removal of particulate matter. Maximum aerosol absorption coefficient values were 7–8 Mm−1 which is about two orders of magnitude above the average European free tropospheric background value. Forest fire aerosol size distributions were characterised by a strong internally mixed accumulation mode centred at modal diameters of 0.25–0.30 µm with an average distribution width of 1.30. Nucleation and small Aitken mode particles were almost completely depleted.
Echocardiographic Investigation of Low-Flow State in a Hispanic/Latino Population
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Carlos J.
name: Ponce, Sonia G.
name: Swett, Katrina
name: Pu, Min
name: Kaplan, Robert
name: Daviglus, Martha L.
name: Garcia, Mario
name: Sotres-Alvarez, Daniela
name: Kansal, Mayank M.
name: Kozak, Patrick M.
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2022

description:
Objective: To assess the prevalence of low-flow state (LFS) with left ventricular (LV) stroke volume index of less than 35 mL/m2 and the demographics, clinical and echocardiographic characteristics associated with LV remodeling and function in a Hispanic/Latino population. Participants and Methods: The study included 1346 asymptomatic participants from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos with normal LV ejection fraction (≥55%) and no valvular heart disease. LV volume, mass and left atrial volume, LV ejection fraction, global longitudinal strain, and myocardial contraction fraction were measured by echocardiography. The participants were divided into LFS or normal flow state (NFS: stroke volume index ≥35 mL/m2). Demographics, clinical and echocardiographic characteristics, and measures of LV remodeling and function were compared between the LFS and NFS groups. Results: The prevalence of LFS was 41%. In comparison with NFS, the LFS had lower LV mass index (77.2±0.96 g/m2 vs 84.6±0.86 g/m2; P<.001), left atrial volume index (20.6±0.35 mL/m2 vs 23.5±0.37 mL/m2; P<.001), global longitudinal strain (-16.8±0.16% vs -17.7±0.17%; P<.001), and myocardial contraction fraction (43.3±0.63% vs 55.7±0.64%; P<.001). There was no significant difference in the relative wall thickness (LFS: 0.40±0.004 vs NFS: 0.40±0.005; P=.57). The LFS group had significantly higher hemoglobin A1c (6.18±0.07% vs 5.97±0.04%; P=.01) than the NFS group. Conclusion: A high prevalence of LFS associated with echocardiographic characteristics reflecting unfavorable LV remodeling and function was observed in a Hispanic/Latino population. Further studies of the prognostic significance of LFS in a large multiethnic population are warranted.
Supplementary document for Significant improvement of n-contact performance and wall plug efficiency of AlGaN-based deep UV LEDs by atomic layer etching - 7024088.pdf
Creators: name: Liu, Zhiyuan
name: Liu, Tingang
name: Cao, Haicheng
name: Jiang, Zixian
name: Xiao, Na
name: García, Glen Isaac Maciel
name: Lu, Yi
name: tang, xiao
name: Li, Xiaohang
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Materials
Load distribution and friction torque in four-point contact slewing bearings considering manufacturing errors and ring flexibility
Creators: name: Heras, Iker
name: Aguirrebeitia, Josu
name: Abasolo, Mikel
name: Coria, Ibai
name: Escanciano, Inigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work introduces a methodology for the calculation of the load distribution in four-point contact slewing bearings considering ball preload, manufacturing errors and ring flexibility. The model is built by the formulation and minimization of the potential energy of the bearing. Comparing with the rigid rings assumption, the results show that ring deformations involve lower interferences in idling conditions, and have a great effect in the load distribution, but not under external loads. Additionally, a new approach has been proposed for the calculation of the friction torque, which has lower computational cost in comparison to a previous approach by the authors, so more accurate results can be obtained due to refined calculations with no significant cost increase.
Structural modeling of crossed roller wire race bearings: analytical submodel for the roller-wire-ring set
Creators: name: Martin, Inigo
name: Heras, Iker
name: Coria, Ibai
name: Abasolo, Mikel
name: Aguirrebeitia, Josu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Since wire bearings were patented in 1936, they have been used in applications where weight saving is a key aspect. Nevertheless, little work can be found in literature regarding their structural behaviour. In order to predict how a wire bearing reacts under load, the most feasible way is to model and analyse it via Finite Elements (FE). However, the great amount of elements needed to properly model the complex contact configuration among rollers, wires and raceways, make this approach unaffordable. In this sense, this manuscript develops an analytical submodel that represents the structural behaviour of the roller-wire-ring set, in order to include it later in a global FE model to account for ring flexibility and boundary conditions. This way, the computationally intensive FE modelling of these complex zones can be substituted by the analytical model developed in this work, and a much manageable global FE model can be used to predict the structural response of the bearing. This analytical model has demonstrated a good agreement with local FE models of the roller-wire-ring set.
Production, purification, and radiolabeling of the 203Pb/212Pb theranostic pair
Creators: name: McNeil, Brooke
name: Robertson, Andrew K. H.
name: Fu, Winnie
name: Yang, Hua
name: Hoehr, Cornelia
name: Ramogida, Caterina F.
name: Schaffer, Paul
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2021

description: Abstract Background Lead-212 (212Pb, t1/2 = 10.6 h) and lead-203 (203Pb, t1/2 = 51.9 h) are an element-equivalent, or a matched theranostic radioisotope pair that show great potential for application in targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), respectively. At TRIUMF we have produced both 203Pb and 212Pb using TRIUMF’s TR13 (13 MeV) and 500 MeV cyclotrons, and subsequently purified and evaluated both radioisotopes using a series of pyridine-modified DOTA analogues in comparison to the commercially available chelates DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid) and TCMC (1,4,7,10-tetraaza-1,4,7,10-tetra(2-carbamoylmethyl)cyclododecane). Results Proton irradiation (12.8 MeV) of natural and enriched thallium-203 (203Tl) targets gave 203Pb saturation yields of 134 ± 25 and 483 ± 3 MBq/μA, respectively. Thorium-228 (228Th, t1/2 = 1.9 y), a by-product of 232Th proton spallation on TRIUMF’s main 500 MeV beamline (beamline 1A, BL1A), was recovered to build a 228Th/212Pb generator with the ability to deliver up to 9–10 MBq of 212Pb daily. Both lead isotopes were purified via solid phase extraction chromatography (Pb resin), and isolated in an acetate form ([203/212Pb]Pb(OAc)2) suitable for direct radiolabeling of chelators and bioconjugates. A series of cyclen-based chelators (herein referred to as DOTA-1Py, -2Py, and -3Py) along with established chelates DOTA and TCMC were evaluated for their ability to complex both 203Pb and 212Pb. All chelates incorporated 212Pb/203Pb efficiently, with higher radiolabeling yields observed for the 212Pb-complexes. Conclusion The production of 203Pb and 212Pb was established using TRIUMF 13 MeV and 500 MeV cyclotrons, respectively. Both production methods provided radiometals suitable for subsequent radiolabeling reactions using known and novel chelates. Furthermore, the novel chelate DOTA-3Py may be a good candidate for biomolecule conjugation and further theranostic 212Pb/203Pb studies.