cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Haemagglutinin Gene of Bovine-Origin H5N1 Influenza Viruses Currently Retains Receptor-binding and pH-fusion Characteristics of Avian Host Phenotype
Creators: name: Yang, Jiayun
name: Qureshi, Mehnaz
name: Kolli, Reddy
name: Peacock, Thomas P.
name: Sadeyen, Jean-Remy
name: Carter, Toby
name: Richardson, Samuel
name: Daines, Rebecca
name: Barclay, Wendy S.
name: Brown, Ian H.
name: Iqbal, Munir
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) has caused a panzootic affecting all continents except Australia, expanding its host range to several mammalian species. In March 2024, H5N1 HPAIV was first detected in dairy cattle and goats in the United States. Over 891 dairy farms across 16 states have tested positive until 25th December 2024, with zoonotic infections reported among dairy workers. This raises concerns about the virus undergoing evolutionary changes in cattle that could enhance its zoonotic potential. The Influenza glycoprotein haemagglutinin (HA) facilitates entry into host cells through receptor binding and pH-induced fusion with cellular membranes. Adaptive changes in HA modulate virus-host cell interactions. This study compared the HA genes of cattle and goat H5N1 viruses with the dominant avian-origin clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 in the United Kingdom, focusing on receptor binding, pH fusion, and thermostability. All the tested H5N1 viruses showed binding exclusively to avian-like receptors, with a pH fusion of 5.9, outside the pH range associated with efficient human airborne transmissibility (pH 5.0 to 5.5). We further investigated the impact of emerging HA substitutions seen in the ongoing cattle outbreaks, but saw little phenotypic difference, with continued exclusive binding to avian-like receptor analogues and pHs of fusion above 5.8. This suggests that the HA genes from the cattle and goat outbreaks do not pose an enhanced threat compared to circulating avian viruses. However, given the rapid evolution of H5 viruses, continuous monitoring and updated risk assessments remain essential to understanding virus zoonotic and pandemic risks.
Decertification : the British Columbia experience
Creators: name: Chafetz, Israel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Decertification is a legal term implying the dissolution of a unit of unionized employees. Just as a certification legally establishes a unionized unit of employees, a decertification eradicates the legal collective rights of the unit. This thesis examines the issue of decertification and why decertification occurs. The data is based on 43 cases of decertification in the Province of British Columbia, Canada. All the research was done by personal interviews. For each case of decertification, employers, union officials and neutral parties were asked to comment. The data was used to reconstruct the events within each case and isolate the characteristics of those involved. Most decertifications involved unskilled workers employed by small companies. The companies experience average turnover and are mostly in the manufacturing and service industries of the B.C. economy. The unions which experienced decertification are very large for B.C. and represent many small units. The unions are mostly industrial or miscellaneous locals. The employers' desire to break the certification and the unions' response to the employers' influence are the key features of decertification. The employers used a large array of tactics to break the union. At times the tactics were very subtle, such as employer comments and in other cases, the employer dismissed employees for their union activity. Because the units were very small, the union local assigned them a low priority to union resources. In many cases the union did not resist the employers' influence and a decertification resulted. In some cases, the union spent a great deal of resources to preserve the unit but employer influence in conjunction with turnover of staff resulted in the decertification.
Shock wave quantum memory in shocked detector
Creators: name: Majhi, Bibhas Ranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Usual uniformly accelerated frame, in Dray-'t Hooft spacetime, does not see the any quantum imprint on Unruh effect due to localised shock wave in Minkowski spacetime. Here we argue that such non-appearance of quantum memory is specific to those particular observers which do not incorporate the presence of wave in their trajectory. In fact a detector, associated with a frame which is affected by the shock, can not be trivial in terms of its response. We explicitly show that the later type of frame detects particle in the shock wave Minkowski vacuum which is the effect of shock. Therefore this quantum memory is very special to specific class of observers as far as Dray-'t Hooft spacetime is concerned. We analyse for a null like trajectory along which the detector is moving.
description: Latex, 6 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Mod. Phys. Lett. A
Quiet sigma delta quantization, and global convergence for a class of asymmetric piecewise affine maps
Creators: name: Ward, Rachel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37N35 94C99 93D30 42C15

description: In this paper, we introduce a family of second-order sigma delta quantization schemes for analog-to-digital conversion which are `quiet' : quantization output is guaranteed to fall to zero at the onset of vanishing input. In the process, we prove that the origin is a globally attractive fixed point for the related family of asymmetrically-damped piecewise affine maps. Our proof of convergence is twofold: first, we construct a trapping set using a Lyapunov-type argument; we then take advantage of the asymmetric structure of the maps under consideration to prove convergence to the origin from within this trapping set.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA
Creators: name: Aigbedion, E.O.
name: Hanchar, A.I.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Internationale Zeitschrift für zeitgenössische Wissenschaft
Year: 2021
Subjects: Africa
Nigeria
World
GDP
development
agricultural
Yam
Cassava
Rice
Cashew nuts

description: The article analyses the Nigerian government's agricultural development policies and the problems of improving economic efficiency. The national agricultural extension system has not improved, indicating unsatisfactory service delivery to farmers. There is a significant need for regular training of local agricultural producers. The authors also cite statistics on the production efficiency of Nigeria's major crops.
A single mutation at position 214 of influenza B hemagglutinin enhances cross-neutralization
Creators: name: Cheng, Ziqi
name: Sun, Yeqing
name: Shen, Yanru
name: Wu, Xi
name: Pan, Ling
name: Wu, Hao
name: Bai, Yunbo
name: Zhao, Chenyan
name: Ma, Junfeng
name: Huang, Weijin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: High variability of influenza B virus (IBV) hemagglutinin (HA) impairs the cross- neutralization ability of vaccines, leading to reduce efficacy. We identified significant differences in cross-neutralization between IBV strains B/Wyoming/06/2014 and B/Brisbane/60/2008, which differ in only three amino acid residues. The 214 T point mutation was found to dramatically enhance cross-neutralization (>10-fold). Antibody-based reverse validation also revealed that this mutation significantly increased the neutralization capacity (500–62,500-fold). Furthermore, monitoring revealed that the mutation rate at this site has reached its highest level in nearly 20 years, with a prevalence exceeding 80% in sequences submitted from certain regions. Our findings provide new evidence for the selection of vaccine strains with improved cross- neutralization effects, which will aid the development of broad-spectrum vaccines by modifying minimal antigenic epitopes.
Sceliphron quartinae
Creators: name: Madl, Michael
name: D, Chalybion
name: L, Chlorion
name: S, Podalonia
name: V, Prionyx
name: K, Sceliphron
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Sphecidae
Sceliphron
Sceliphron quartinae

description: Sceliphron quartinae (GRIBODO, 1884)
 Sceliphron quartinae (GRIBODO, 1884): ZAVATTARI 1939: 427 (Asmara).
D i s t r i b u t i o n:Asmara.
 Sceliphron quartinae, which is widely distributed in the Afrotropical region, is also recorded from Ethiopia.
description: Published as part of Madl, Michael, D, Chalybion, L, Chlorion, S, Podalonia, V, Prionyx & K, Sceliphron, 2023, A catalogue of the family Sphecidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) of Eritrea, pp. 563-572 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 54 (2) on page 568, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10414555
Heuristic algorithms for the Capacitated Location-Routing Problem and the Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem
Creators: name: Escobar Velasquez, John Willmer <1980>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: MAT/09 Ricerca operativa

description: The Capacitated Location-Routing Problem (CLRP) is a NP-hard problem since it generalizes two well known NP-hard problems: the Capacitated Facility Location Problem (CFLP) and the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP). The Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem (MDVRP) is known to
be a NP-hard since it is a generalization of the well known Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), arising with one depot. This thesis addresses heuristics algorithms based on the well-know granular search idea introduced by Toth and Vigo (2003) to solve the CLRP and the MDVRP. Extensive computational experiments on benchmark instances for both problems have been performed to determine the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
This work is organized as follows:
 Chapter 1 describes a detailed overview and a methodological review of the literature for the the Capacitated Location-Routing Problem (CLRP) and the Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem (MDVRP).
 Chapter 2 describes a two-phase hybrid heuristic algorithm to solve the CLRP.
 Chapter 3 shows a computational comparison of heuristic algorithms for the CLRP.
 Chapter 4 presents a hybrid granular tabu search approach for solving the MDVRP.
Methods for the estimation of the cortical activity and connectivity during cognitive tasks in humans
Creators: name: Toppi, Jlenia <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: ING-INF/06 Bioingegneria elettronica e informatica

description: The research activity characterizing the present thesis was mainly centered on the design, development and validation of methodologies for the estimation of stationary and time-varying connectivity between different regions of the human brain during specific complex cognitive tasks. 
Such activity involved two main aspects: i) the development of a stable, consistent and reproducible procedure for functional connectivity estimation with a high impact on neuroscience field and ii) its application to real data from healthy volunteers eliciting specific cognitive processes (attention and memory). 
In particular the methodological issues addressed in the present thesis consisted in finding out an approach to be applied in neuroscience field able to: i) include all the cerebral sources in connectivity estimation process; ii) to accurately describe the temporal evolution of connectivity networks; iii) to assess the significance of connectivity patterns; iv) to consistently describe relevant properties of brain networks.
The advancement provided in this thesis allowed finding out quantifiable descriptors of cognitive processes during a high resolution EEG experiment involving subjects performing complex cognitive tasks.
A SEMISYNTHETIC COMPOUND FROM THE ALKALOIDS OF CHELIDONIUM MAJUS L. AND THIOPHOSPHORIC ACID TRIAZIRIDIDE NSC631570 AND ITS INFLUENCE ON CHILDREN (A REVIEW OF CASE REPORTS)
Creators: name: Romanchuk, V.O.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Internationale Zeitschrift für zeitgenössische Wissenschaft
Year: 2021
Subjects: cancer
disease
patients
NSC631570
children
diagnosis
treatment
conventional method
brain tumor
Xeroderma pigmentosum
astrocytoma
patient cases
clinical reports
WHO statistics

description: The article deals with the theme of the treatment of cancer diseases nowadays. The author describes the patient cases of adults as well as of children who have already exhausted all conventional methods of therapy after what they began treatment with the semisynthetic compound from the alkaloids of Chelidonium Majus L. and thiophosphoric acid triaziridide named NSC631570 (Ukrain). The author makes a detailed review of clinical reports.
Partial Discharge Phenomena in Converter and Traction Transformers: Identification and Reliability
Creators: name: Azcarraga, Carlos <1973>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: ING-IND/33 Sistemi elettrici per l'energia

description: After the development of power electronics converters, the number of transformers subjected to non-sinusoidal stresses (including DC) has increased in applications such as HVDC links and traction (electric train power cars). The effects of non-sinusoidal voltages on transformer insulation have been investigated by many researchers, but still now, there are some issues that must be understood.
Some of those issues are tackled in this Thesis, studying PD phenomena behavior in Kraft paper, pressboard and mineral oil at different voltage conditions like AC, DC, AC+DC, notched AC and square waveforms.
From the point of view of converter transformers, it was found that the combined effect of AC and DC voltages produces higher stresses in the pressboard that those that are present under pure DC voltages.
The electrical conductivity of the dielectric systems in DC and AC+DC conditions has demonstrated to be a critical parameter, so, its measurement and analysis was also taken into account during all the experiments. 
Regarding notched voltages, the RMS reduction caused by notches (depending on firing and overlap angles) seems to increase the PDIV. However, the experimental results show that once PD activity has incepted, the notches increase PD repetition rate and magnitude, producing a higher degradation rate of paper.
On the other hand, the reduction of mineral oil stocks, their relatively low flash point as well as environmental issues, are factors that are pushing towards the use of esters as transformer insulating fluids. This PhD Thesis also covers the study of two different esters with the scope to validate their use in traction transformers. Mineral oil was used as benchmark. 
The complete set of dielectric tests performed in the three fluids, show that esters behave better than mineral oil in practically all the investigated conditions, so, their application in traction transformers is possible and encouraged.
Conditionally monotone independence I: Independence, additive convolutions and related convolutions
Creators: name: Hasebe, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L53, 46L54

description: We define a product of algebraic probability spaces equipped with two states. This product is called a conditionally monotone product. This product is a new example of independence in non-commutative probability theory and unifies the monotone and Boolean products, and moreover, the orthogonal product. Then we define the associated cumulants and calculate the limit distributions in central limit theorem and Poisson's law of small numbers. We also prove a combinatorial moment-cumulant formula using monotone partitions. We investigate some other topics such as infinite divisibility for the additive convolution and deformations of the monotone convolution. We define cumulants for a general convolution to analyze the deformed convolutions.
description: 41 pages; small mistakes revised; to appear in Infin. Dimens. Anal. Quantum Probab. Relat. Top
A Single Mutation at Position 214 of Influenza B Hemagglutinin Enhances Cross-Neutralization
Creators: name: Cheng, Ziqi
name: Sun, Yeqing
name: Shen, Yanru
name: Wu, Xi
name: Pan, Ling
name: Wu, Hao
name: Bai, Yunbo
name: Zhao, Chenyan
name: Ma, Junfeng
name: Huang, Weijin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: High variability of influenza B virus (IBV) hemagglutinin (HA) impairs the cross- neutralization ability of vaccines, leading to reduce efficacy. We identified significant differences in cross-neutralization between IBV strains B/Wyoming/06/2014 and B/Brisbane/60/2008, which differ in only three amino acid residues. The 214 T point mutation was found to dramatically enhance cross-neutralization (>10-fold). Antibody-based reverse validation also revealed that this mutation significantly increased the neutralization capacity (500-62,500-fold). Furthermore, monitoring revealed that the mutation rate at this site has reached its highest level in nearly 20 years, with a prevalence exceeding 80% in sequences submitted from certain regions. Our findings provide new evidence for the selection of vaccine strains with improved cross- neutralization effects, which will aid the development of broad-spectrum vaccines by modifying minimal antigenic epitopes.
Characterization of superconducting NbTiN films using a Dispersive Fourier Transform Spectrometer
Creators: name: Lap, B. N. R.
name: Khudchenko, A.
name: Hesper, R.
name: Rudakov, K. I.
name: Dmitriev, P.
name: Khan, F.
name: Koshelets, V.
name: Baryshev, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have built a Terahertz Dispersive Fourier Transform Spectrometer \cite{Birch1987} to study frequency properties of superconducting films used for fabrication of THz detectors. The signal reflected from the tested film is measured in time domain, which allows to separate it from the other reflections. The complex conductivity of the film depends on frequency and determines the reflection coefficient. By comparing the film reflection in the superconducting state (temperature is below $T_c$) with the reflection of the normal state, we characterise the film quality at terahertz frequencies. The method was applied to 70 and 200nm thick Nb films on a silicon wafer and to 360nm thick NbTiN films on silicon and quartz wafers. The strong-coupling coefficient, $α$, was found to be 3.52 for Nb, and 3.71-4.02 for the NbTiN films. The experimental results were fitted using extended Mattis-Bardeen theory \cite{Noguchi2012} and show a good agreement.
description: The following article has been accepted by Applied Physics Letters. After it is published, it will be found at https://aip.scitation.org/journal/apl
AUTOMATION AT THE RAILWAY STATIONS OF UZBEKISTAN AND TELEMECHANICS RELAY THE EXPERIENCE OF USING SYSTEMS ANALYTICAL ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Joʻrayev, Javoxirjon
name: Ametova, Elnara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article provides that electromagnetic relays with second-class reliability are very problematic to continue using in control systems, a number of their disadvantages include the large size of high energy consumption, wear and tear, as well as the possibility of causing failures in railway automation and telemechanics systems. In addition electromagnetic relays are replaced by the importance of using programmable logic controllers (PLCs) that meet modern world industrial standards-that is, their economic efficiency, the presence of such capabilities as monitoring, archiving.
Sceliphron spirifex
Creators: name: Madl, Michael
name: D, Chalybion
name: L, Chlorion
name: S, Podalonia
name: V, Prionyx
name: K, Sceliphron
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Sphecidae
Sceliphron
Sceliphron spirifex

description: Sceliphron spirifex (LINNAEUS, 1758)
 Pelopoeus spirifex (LINNAEUS, 1758): MAGRETTI 1884: 576 (taxonomy, Khor el Barka).
 Pelopoeus spirifex (LINNAEUS, 1758): MAGRETTI 1885: 327 (Khor el Barka), 353 (catalogue species collected by expedition).
 Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) spirifex (LINNAEUS, 1758): KOHL 1918: 5 (fig. 9), 7 (taxonomy), 8 (taxonomy), 9 (figs. 12, 13), 12 (biogeography), 15 (fig. 20), 16 (key ♀), 19 (key ♀), 25 (key ♁), 86 (taxonomy, description ♁ ♀, Asmara, Ghinda, Keren), 87 (fig. 46), 139 (biogeography), 144 (biology), 145 (biology), 146 (biology), 147 (biology?), 148 (biology), 149 (biology), 150 (biology), 162 (biology), 163 (fig. 65: larva), 167 (biology), pl. 2 (figs. 11 (?), 13).
 Sceliphron (Chalybion) spirifex (LINNAEUS, 1758): GIORDANI SOIKA 1939a: 169 (taxonomy, Tessenei).
 Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) spirifex (LINNAEUS, 1758): GUIGLIA 1939: 200 (taxonomy, Keren).
 Sceliphron (Pelopaeus) spirifex (LINNAEUS, 1758): GIORDANI SOIKA 1939b: 104 (taxonomy, Adi Ugri).
 Sceliphron (Sceliphron) spirifex (LINNAEUS, 1758): LECLERCQ 1955: 60 (taxonomy, Eritrea (GIORDANI SOIKA 1939b, GUIGLIA 1939), catalogue Africa), 98 (tab. 1: distribution in Africa).
 Sceliphron (Sceliphron) spirifex (LINNAEUS, 1758): BOHART & MENKE 1976: 106 (world catalogue: Africa).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Adi Ugri, Asmara, Ghinda, Keren, Khor el Barka, Tessenei.
 Sceliphron spirifex, which is widely distributed in the Afrotropical and Palaearctic regions, is also known from Ethiopia, Sudan and the Arabian Peninsula (Oman, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen).
description: Published as part of Madl, Michael, D, Chalybion, L, Chlorion, S, Podalonia, V, Prionyx & K, Sceliphron, 2023, A catalogue of the family Sphecidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) of Eritrea, pp. 563-572 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 54 (2) on page 568, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10414555
Eruption of prominence triggered by coronal rain in the solar atmosphere observed by SDO/AIA and Stereo/EUVI
Creators: name: Vashalomidze, Z. M.
name: Zaqarashvili, T. V.
name: Kukhianidze, V. D.
name: Ramishvili, G. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The triggering process for coronal mass ejections (CME) in the solar atmosphere is not fully understood. We use observations from different spacecraft at several wavelengths to detect an instability process for a prominence/filament with a subsequent eruption of CME. Time series of spectral lines at 304, 171, 193, and 211 Å have been obtained with the SDO spacecraft, and at 304, 171, 195, and 284 Å with the STEREO spacecraft. A prominence/filament system was observed during November 8-23, 2011, at different angles by SDO, STEREO_A, and STEREO_B. The observations show that a giant tornado began to develop near the base of the prominence at 20:00 UT on November 20, which later caused the appearance of droplets of coronal rain (at 16:00 UT, November 21) which fell downward from the main mass of the prominence. The coronal rain continued until 20:20 UT, November 22, and caused instability of the prominence, after which a CME took place at 22:30 UT on November 22. We assume that the loss of mass owing to coronal rain may lead to instability of prominences and their subsequent eruption. Observations of coronal rain falling from the main part of the mass of prominences could be used for predicting space weather.
Robustness of circadian clocks to daylight fluctuations: hints from the picoeucaryote Ostreococcus tauri
Creators: name: Thommen, Quentin
name: Pfeuty, Benjamin
name: Morant, Pierre-Emmanuel
name: Corellou, Florence
name: Bouget, François-Yves
name: Lefranc, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The development of systemic approaches in biology has put emphasis on identifying genetic modules whose behavior can be modeled accurately so as to gain insight into their structure and function. However most gene circuits in a cell are under control of external signals and thus quantitative agreement between experimental data and a mathematical model is difficult. Circadian biology has been one notable exception: quantitative models of the internal clock that orchestrates biological processes over the 24-hour diurnal cycle have been constructed for a few organisms, from cyanobacteria to plants and mammals. In most cases, a complex architecture with interlocked feedback loops has been evidenced. Here we present first modeling results for the circadian clock of the green unicellular alga Ostreococcus tauri. Two plant-like clock genes have been shown to play a central role in Ostreococcus clock. We find that their expression time profiles can be accurately reproduced by a minimal model of a two-gene transcriptional feedback loop. Remarkably, best adjustment of data recorded under light/dark alternation is obtained when assuming that the oscillator is not coupled to the diurnal cycle. This suggests that coupling to light is confined to specific time intervals and has no dynamical effect when the oscillator is entrained by the diurnal cycle. This intringuing property may reflect a strategy to minimize the impact of fluctuations in daylight intensity on the core circadian oscillator, a type of perturbation that has been rarely considered when assessing the robustness of circadian clocks.
title: Scoping the relationship between medical futility, best interests, and experimental treatment: towards a concept of red and green light futility
Creators: name: Kennedy, Lynn
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medical futility
subject: Best interests
subject: Experimental treatment
subject: Legal framework
subject: Red and green light futility

description: The purpose of this thesis is to identify and address the failure in law to recognise the relationship between the concepts of medical futility, best interests, and experimental treatment. I illustrate this by exposing this link and providing a framework to aid decision-makers in navigating decisions surrounding requests for access to experimental treatment in the best interests of the patient when all conventional treatments have proved futile or non-existent. The relationship in law between the role of medical futility, best interests, and experimental treatment is not well understood. This work is an examination of these concepts as legal decision-making tools in both decisions involving the withholding or withdrawal of life-sustaining medical treatment and in requests for access to experimental treatments where conventional treatment has proved futile, hereafter ‘futility’ decisions. This thesis will evaluate these concepts at the conceptual level and analyse whether this conceptualisation by the courts is sufficiently robust, justifiable, and defensible. This thesis will show that these concepts are deeply related at a theoretical and legal level and a failure to recognise this connection has led to confusion and inconsistencies as to how futility decisions are reached. I will expose this deeper relationship between the central three concepts and argue that we need to view these through a wider lens that promotes more holistic, joined-up decision making for cases relating to withdrawing futile treatment and in cases where there is a request for access to experimental treatment. I will explore the concepts of medical futility, best interests, and experimental treatment in law, and examine how these concepts are currently applied. I will evaluate how these concepts relate to each other in relevant cases where their roles have been raised and debated. It will be shown that any sound assessment of the best interests of a patient is based on a robust and thorough evaluation of the futility of the medical treatment, but that this is not always articulated in legal reasoning. I will introduce a novel concept of red and green light futility as central to my claim to original contribution. This is a two-step approach that turns futility on its head by introducing a way to better navigate requests for access to experimental treatment where there are no alternative treatments.
Det Psykiatriske Centrale Forskningsregister
Creators: Institut for Psykiatrisk Demografi, Psykiatrisk Hospital, Risskov
Københavns Amtskommune
Frederiksborg Amtskommune
Fyns Amtskommune
Nordjyllands Amtskommune
Århus Amtskommune
Bornholms Amtskommune
Ribe Amtskommune
Roskilde Amtskommune
Storstrøms Amtskommune
Ringkøbing Amtskommune
Sønderjyllands Amtskommune
Vejle Amtskommune
Viborg Amtskommune
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2022

description: Formålet med registret er over tid at indsamle oplysninger om indlæggelser af psykiatriske patienter til forskningsformål.
title: Open Access an der Universität Hohenheim - Einführung und Fördermöglichkeiten
Creators: name: Stanzel, Franziska
name: Schick, Isabo
Publisher: name: Universität Hohenheim
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Open Access
subject: Creative Commons
subject: Lizenzen
subject: DEAL-Vertrag
subject: Publikationsfonds
subject: 000

description: Die Veranstaltung beschäftigt sich mit den verschiedenen Aspekten rund um eine Veröffentlichung in Open Access. Im ersten Teil wird eine Einführung in das Thema gegeben, in der unter anderem folgende Fragestellungen geklärt werden: Was ist Open Access und welche Vorteile ergeben sich daraus? Welche Möglichkeiten haben Sie, Ihre Forschungsergebnisse Open Access verfügbar zu machen? Was sind Creative-Commons-Lizenzen und welche Rechte haben Sie als Autor:in einer wissenschaftlichen Publikation? Der zweite Themenblock der Schulung konzentriert sich auf die Finanzierung von Open-Access-Veröffentlichungen: Welche Angebote und Fördermöglichkeiten stehen Ihnen an der Universität Hohenheim zur Verfügung? Was ist der neue Publikationsfonds und welche Kriterien müssen für eine Förderung erfüllt sein? Wie läuft der Antrags- und Genehmigungsprozess für die Finanzierung über den Publikationsfonds ab?
METHODS OF USING MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING ENGLISH IN GRADES 9-11
Creators: name: Kulmagambetova, S.S.
name: Kitym, G.A.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Internationale Zeitschrift für zeitgenössische Wissenschaft
Year: 2021
Subjects: multimedia learning tools
multimedia
receptive side
foreign language speech
multimedia lesson
information and computer technologies
interactive whiteboard.

description: Today it is impossible to imagine life without technologies, such as, for example, a computer or the Internet, surrounding us. And these multimedia tools are being actively introduced into all spheres of life. One of the layers of vital activity is education. This article will discuss what multimedia tools are, what they are, and how they can be used when teaching a foreign language, in particular the receptive side of foreign language speech.
title: Micro- and nanofabrication of dynamic hydrogels with multichannel information
Creators: name: Zhang, Mingchao
name: Lee, Yohan
name: Zheng, Zhiqiang
name: Khan, Muhammad Turab Ali
name: Lyu, Xianglong
name: Byun, Junghwan
name: Giessen, Harald
name: Sitti, Metin
Publisher: name: Universität Stuttgart
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 530
subject: 620

description: Creating micro/nanostructures containing multi-channel information within responsive hydrogels presents exciting opportunities for dynamically changing functionalities. However, fabricating these structures is immensely challenging due to the soft and dynamic nature of hydrogels, often resulting in unintended structural deformations or destruction. Here, we demonstrate that dehydrated hydrogels, treated by a programmable femtosecond laser, can allow for a robust fabrication of micro/nanostructures. The dehydration enhances the rigidity of the hydrogels and temporarily locks the dynamic behaviours, significantly promoting their structural integrity during the fabrication process. By utilizing versatile dosage domains of the femtosecond laser, we create micro-grooves on the hydrogel surface through the use of a high-dosage mode, while also altering the fluorescent intensity within the rest of the non-ablated areas via a low-dosage laser. In this way, we rationally design a pixel unit containing three-channel information: structural color, polarization state, and fluorescent intensity, and encode three complex image information sets into these channels. Distinct images at the same location were simultaneously printed onto the hydrogel, which can be observed individually under different imaging modes without cross-talk. Notably, the recovered dynamic responsiveness of the hydrogel enables a multi-information-encoded surface that can sequentially display different information as the temperature changes.
Inapproximability of the Tutte polynomial of a planar graph
Creators: name: Goldberg, Leslie Ann
name: Jerrum, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Tutte polynomial of a graph G is a two-variable polynomial T(G;x,y) that encodes many interesting properties of the graph. We study the complexity of the following problem, for rationals x and y: given as input a planar graph G, determine T(G;x,y). Vertigan completely mapped the complexity of exactly computing the Tutte polynomial of a planar graph. He showed that the problem can be solved in polynomial time if (x,y) is on the hyperbola H_q given by (x-1)(y-1)=q for q=1 or q=2 or if (x,y) is one of the two special points (x,y)=(-1,-1) or (x,y)=(1,1). Otherwise, the problem is #P-hard. In this paper, we consider the problem of approximating T(G;x,y), in the usual sense of "fully polynomial randomised approximation scheme" or FPRAS. Roughly speaking, an FPRAS is required to produce, in polynomial time and with high probability, an answer that has small relative error. Assuming that NP is different from RP, we show that there is no FPRAS for the Tutte polynomial in a large portion of the (x,y) plane. In particular, there is no FPRAS if x>1, y1, x5. Also, there is no FPRAS if x<1, y<1 and q=3. For q>5, our result is intriguing because it shows that there is no FPRAS at (x,y)=(1-q/(1+epsilon),-epsilon) for any positive epsilon but it leaves open the limit point epsilon=0, which corresponds to approximately counting q-colourings of a planar graph.
description: In this revision, significant changes have been made to the structure of the paper to clarify the presentation. Extra detail has been provided at certain points in the proofs, and on at least one occasion the exposition has been made more systematic. Some typos have been corrected. The results are unchanged. 28 pages and 5 figures
Core mass function of a single giant molecular cloud complex with ~10^4 cores
Creators: name: Cao, Yue
name: Qiu, Keping
name: Zhang, Qizhou
name: Wang, Yuwei
name: Xiao, Yuanming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Similarity in shape between the initial mass function (IMF) and the core mass functions (CMFs) in star-forming regions prompts the idea that the IMF originates from the CMF through a self-similar core-to-star mass mapping process. To accurately determine the shape of the CMF, we create a sample of 8,431 cores with the dust continuum maps of the Cygnus X giant molecular cloud complex, and design a procedure for deriving the CMF considering the mass uncertainty, binning uncertainty, sample incompleteness, and the statistical errors. The resultant CMF coincides well with the IMF for core masses from a few $M_{\odot}$ to the highest masses of 1300 $M_{\odot}$ with a power-law of ${\rm d}N/{\rm d}M\propto M^{-2.30\pm0.04}$, but does not present an obvious flattened turnover in the low-mass range as the IMF does. More detailed inspection reveals that the slope of the CMF steepens with increasing mass. Given the numerous high-mass star-forming activities of Cygnus X, this is in stark contrast with the existing top-heavy CMFs found in high-mass star-forming clumps. We also find that the similarity between the IMF and the mass function of cloud structures is not unique at core scales, but can be seen for cloud structures of up to several pc scales. Finally, our SMA observations toward a subset of the cores do not present evidence for the self-similar mapping. The latter two results indicate that the shape of the IMF may not be directly inherited from the CMF.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Black hole growth and starburst activity at z = 0.6-4 in the Chandra Deep Field South. Host galaxies properties of obscured AGN
Creators: name: Brusa, M.
name: Fiore, F.
name: Santini, P.
name: Grazian, A.
name: Comastri, A.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: Hasinger, G.
name: Merloni, A.
name: Civano, F.
name: Fontana, A.
name: Mainieri, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The co-evolution of host galaxies and the active black holes which reside in their centre is one of the most important topics in modern observational cosmology. Here we present a study of the properties of obscured Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) detected in the CDFS 1Ms observation and their host galaxies. We limited the analysis to the MUSIC area, for which deep K-band observations obtained with ISAAC@VLT are available, ensuring accurate identifications of the counterparts of the X-ray sources as well as reliable determination of photometric redshifts and galaxy parameters, such as stellar masses and star formation rates. In particular, we: 1) refined the X-ray/infrared/optical association of 179 sources in the MUSIC area detected in the Chandra observation; 2) studied the host galaxies observed and rest frame colors and properties. We found that X-ray selected (L_X>10^{42} erg s^{-1}) AGN show Spitzer colors consistent with both AGN and starburst dominated infrared continuum; the latter would not have been selected as AGN from infrared diagnostics. The host galaxies of X-ray selected obscured AGN are all massive (M_*>10^{10} M_sun) and, in 50% of the cases, are also actively forming stars (1/SSFR1 and M_*>3x10^{11} M_sun, a fraction significantly higher than in the local Universe for AGN of similar luminosities.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, to match with the pubslihed version, A&A, 507, 1277
Sphex argentatus FABRICIUS 1787
Creators: name: Madl, Michael
name: D, Chalybion
name: L, Chlorion
name: S, Podalonia
name: V, Prionyx
name: K, Sceliphron
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Sphecidae
Sphex
Sphex argentatus

description: Sphex argentatus FABRICIUS, 1787
 Sphex argentata DAHLBOM: WALKER 1871: 19 (taxonomy, Dahlak).
 Sphex argentata DAHLBOM: INNES BEY 1911: 111 (Dahleeh = Dahlak Island, catalogue Lord Collection Cairo).
D i s t r i b u t i o n:Dahlak.
 Sphex argentatus is known from the Oriental and Palaearctic regions. The identification is doubtful (SCHMID- EGGER 2014: 625) and should be checked.
description: Published as part of Madl, Michael, D, Chalybion, L, Chlorion, S, Podalonia, V, Prionyx & K, Sceliphron, 2023, A catalogue of the family Sphecidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) of Eritrea, pp. 563-572 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 54 (2) on page 569, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10414555
Measurement errors and tax evasion in annual incomes: evidence from survey data matched with fiscal data
Creators: name: LALLA, Michele
name: MANTOVANI, Daniela
name: FREDERIC, Patrizio
Publisher: name: Dipartimento di Economia Marco Biagi - Universit� di Modena e Reggio Emilia
Year: 2019

description: Individual records, referred to personal interviews of a survey on income carried out in Modena during 2012 and tax year 2011, had been matched with their corresponding records in the Ministry of Finance databases containing the fiscal incomes of tax year 2011. The analysis of the resulting data set suggested that the fiscal income was generally more reliable than surveyed income, but in the literature the exact opposite is often assumed. Moreover, the obtained data set enables identification of the factors determining over- and under-reporting, as well as measurement error, through a comparison of the surveyed income with the fiscal income, only for suitable categories of interviewees: the taxpayers who are obliged to respect the law (the constrained sector), and taxpayers who have many possibilities to evade (the unconstrained sector). The percentage of under-reporters (67.3%) was higher than those of over-reporters (32.7%). Level of income, age, and education were the main regressors affecting the measurement errors and the behaviours of taxpayers. Estimations of tax evasion and the impacts of personal factors affecting it were carried out following different approaches. The average of individual propensity to tax evasion was 25.93% of the corresponding fiscal income. The potential total tax evaders were about 10%.
Plansystem Danmark
Creators: By- og Landskabsstyrelsen
Naturstyrelsen
Skov- og Naturstyrelsen
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2022

description: PlansystemDK indeholder planer efter planloven. Kommuner og staten indberetter planer. Alle kan se og hente planer.

Planerne kan også ses på Danmarks Miljøportal.

Kommunerne indberetter og har ansvaret for kvaliteten af:

lokalplaner (samt byplanvedtægter og andre historiske planer)
kommuneplaner
kommuneplanrammer (områder som danner rammer for lokalplaner)
kommuneplantillæg
kommuneplanstrategier
zonekort – byzone og landzone samt sommerhusområder
kommuneplanensretningslinjer vedr. natur, detailhandel, kultur- og landskabsinteresse mm. (jf. Planlovens § 11a)
Staten har ansvaret for andre plantemaer, som vises i systemet, fx:

kystnærhedszonen (ca. 3 km  bred planlægningszone langs kysterne uden for byzone)
strandbeskyttelseslinien (300 m  beskyttelseszone langs kysterne)
landsplandirektiver
For alle planer findes:

information om planerne (identifikation og egenskaber)
det gældende plandokument (pdf- format).
planernes areal (geografiske udstrækning) vist på kort.
søgemuligheder efter planer, adresser, matrikler mm.
mulighed for at søge efter hvilke planer, der gælder for en adresse, en matrikel eller et indtegnet areal
mulighed for at hente planer (downloade)
mm.
Sphex lanatus MOCSARY 1883
Creators: name: Madl, Michael
name: D, Chalybion
name: L, Chlorion
name: S, Podalonia
name: V, Prionyx
name: K, Sceliphron
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Sphecidae
Sphex
Sphex lanatus

description: Sphex lanatus MOCSÀRY, 1883
 Sphex argentifera (!) WALKER, 1871: INNES BEY 1911: 111 (Dahleeh = Dahlak Island, catalogue Lord Collection Cairo).
D i s t r i b u t i o n:Dahlak.
 Sphex lanatus, which is widely distributed in the Afrotropical, Australian, Oriental and Palaearctic regions, is also recorded from Djibouti, Ethiopia and Sudan. The record from Eritrea by INNES BEY (1911) is not mentioned in WALKER (1871: 19) and DÖRFEL & OHL (2022: 43).
description: Published as part of Madl, Michael, D, Chalybion, L, Chlorion, S, Podalonia, V, Prionyx & K, Sceliphron, 2023, A catalogue of the family Sphecidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) of Eritrea, pp. 563-572 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 54 (2) on page 569, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10414555
Infezione da virus dell'epatite E nel suino e nell'uomo: aggiornamento sulle metodiche diagnostiche di laboratorio
Creators: name: Dell'Amico, Maria Chiara <1970>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: VET/05 Malattie infettive degli animali domestici

description: The first part of the thesis is a brief review on the most important aspects of HEV infection in human and swine, followed by an update on the laboratory techniques currently in use for the diagnosis of HEV infections in humans and animals. The second part refers on the results of two investigations carried out on the presence of HEV infection in swine farms in Toscana and Piemonte and on the presence of HEV infection in pigs and humans in some rural communities in Bolivia. HEV strains isolated from swine herds in Toscana and Piemonte were all included in the genotype 3, showing particular homology with Dutch porcine isolates, Spanish porcine and human isolates and British human isolates. The investigation carried out, with a random sampling, in the province of Cuneo, detected HEV infection with a prevalence of 46% on farms with a number of pigs greater than 500. HEV was detected in pigs and humans in rural communities in Bolivia and all the viral isolate were included in the genotype 3. Aminoacidic homology of human and swine isolates was estimated to be 92%. Results on the development of a Real Time RT-PCR to detect HEV are also reported. The used Real Time RT-PCR protocols, one step and two steps, exhibited good sensitivity to detect several Italian swine HEV strains with high rate of genetic variability.
MOBILE APPLICATIONS FOR LEARNING ENGLISH AS A MEANS OF ORGANIZING THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Creators: name: Nurusheva, T.I.
name: Baimuratova, K.R.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Internationale Zeitschrift für zeitgenössische Wissenschaft
Year: 2021
Subjects: information and communication technologies
mobile learning
educational mobile applications
independent work of students

description: The article is devoted to the actual problem of the possibilities of using information and communication technologies in the process of teaching a foreign language. In the article we reveal the concept of mobile learning and consider its advantages in teaching foreign languages. In particular, a brief overview of mobile applications for teaching English and the experience of their use in the educational process is given.