cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Should we lump or split? The case of the Pheidole megacephala species group along a strong environmental gradient in the Soutpansberg Mountains in the Limpopo Province, South Africa?
Creators: name: Simba Dembe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Cryptic species
DNA barcoding
Phylogenetics
Lajuma
Honours

description: Pheidole megacephala (Fabricius, 1793) is an ant species of the family Formicidae that includes at least ten subspecies. It is one of the three species that are found across the Soutpansberg Mountain. The mountain is characterised by a strong environmental gradient and raises the question whether the taxon includes cryptic species. The study was conducted along a north-south altitudinal transect. We hypothesized that P. megacephala found in this transect is one species. DNA barcoding was used to determine if there are any cryptic species within this species group. DNA extraction was conducted on the whole ant using the Qiagen extraction kit after which the DNA was viewed on a 1.75% agarose gel. The polymerase chain reaction was used for DNA amplification, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis where the Neighbour joining, Maximum likelihood and Maximum. Sequence extraction and amplification was only successful for two specimens. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the two specimens belong to different clades, and that P. megacephala species group along the mountain consist of cryptic species. These conclusions are however confounded by the small sample size and the possibility of misidentifications based on morphology
description: Baseline ants data for altitudinal transect and factors that genetically determine if the P. megacephala species group found in the Soutpansberg consist of one or several species.
Farm Policy, Volume 14, Number 4
Creators: name: University Of Western Australia
name: University Of Western Australia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Farm Management

description: Selective Education Grants for Rural Children by Norman J. Thomson; Rural income Stabilization- Palliative or Panacea by D. B. Trebeck and T. J. Barker; A World to Share by Henry P. Schapper; The Socialist and the Farmer by Peter Walsh.
Nycticebus coucang Slow
Creators: name: Kazim, Abdul-Rahman
name: Houssaini, Jamal
name: Tappe, Dennis
name: Heo, Chong-Chin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Lorisidae
Nycticebus
Nycticebus coucang

description: Nycticebus coucang (Boddaert, 1785)
Slow loris—Kera duku
Lorisicola mjoebergi (Stobbe, 1913)
description: Published as part of Kazim, Abdul-Rahman, Houssaini, Jamal, Tappe, Dennis & Heo, Chong-Chin, 2023, An annotated checklist of the chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera, Amblycera Rhynchophthirina) from domestic and wild mammals in Malaysia, pp. 40-60 in Zootaxa 5263 (1) on page 55, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7797797
Spitzer Observations of the Predicted Eddington Flare from Blazar OJ 287
Creators: name: Laine, Seppo
name: Dey, Lankeswar
name: Valtonen, Mauri
name: Gopakumar, A.
name: Zola, Stanislaw
name: Komossa, S.
name: Kidger, Mark
name: Pihajoki, Pauli
name: Gómez, Jose L.
name: Caton, Daniel
name: Ciprini, Stefano
name: Drozdz, Marek
name: Gazeas, Kosmas
name: Godunova, Vira
name: Haque, Shirin
name: Hildebrandt, Felix
name: Hudec, Rene
name: Jermak, Helen
name: Kong, Albert K. H.
name: Lehto, Harry
name: Liakos, Alexios
name: Matsumoto, Katsura
name: Mugrauer, Markus
name: Pursimo, Tapio
name: Reichart, Daniel E.
name: Simon, Andrii
name: Siwak, Michal
name: Sonbas, Eda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binary black hole (BH) central engine description for the unique blazar OJ 287 predicted that the next secondary BH impact-induced bremsstrahlung flare should peak on 2019 July 31. This prediction was based on detailed general relativistic modeling of the secondary BH trajectory around the primary BH and its accretion disk. The expected flare was termed the Eddington flare to commemorate the centennial celebrations of now-famous solar eclipse observations to test general relativity by Sir Arthur Eddington. We analyze the multi-epoch Spitzer observations of the expected flare between 2019 July 31 and 2019 September 6, as well as baseline observations during 2019 February-March. Observed Spitzer flux density variations during the predicted outburst time display a strong similarity with the observed optical pericenter flare from OJ 287 during 2007 September. The predicted flare appears comparable to the 2007 flare after subtracting the expected higher base-level Spitzer flux densities at 3.55 and 4.49 $μ$m compared to the optical R-band. Comparing the 2019 and 2007 outburst lightcurves and the previously calculated predictions, we find that the Eddington flare arrived within 4 hours of the predicted time. Our Spitzer observations are well consistent with the presence of a nano-Hertz gravitational wave emitting spinning massive binary BH that inspirals along a general relativistic eccentric orbit in OJ 287. These multi-epoch Spitzer observations provide a parametric constraint on the celebrated BH no-hair theorem.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, to appear in ApJL
Coherent backscattering of light by atoms in the saturated regime
Creators: name: Wellens, T.
name: Gremaud, B.
name: Delande, D.
name: Miniatura, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first calculation of coherent backscattering with inelastic scattering by saturated atoms. We consider the scattering of a quasi-monochromatic laser pulse by two distant atoms in free space. By restricting ourselves to scattering of two photons, we employ a perturbative approach, valid up to second order in the incident laser intensity. The backscattering enhancement factor is found to be smaller than two (after excluding single scattering), indicating a loss of coherence between the doubly scattered light emitted by both atoms. Since the undetected photon carries information about the path of the detected photon, the coherence loss can be explained by a which-path argument, in analogy with a double-slit experiment.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Mapping molecular models to continuum theories for partially miscible fluids
Creators: name: Denniston, Colin
name: Robbins, Mark O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We map molecular dynamics simulations of fluid-fluid interfaces onto mesoscale continuum theories for partially miscible fluids. Unlike most previous work, we examine not only the interface order parameter and density profiles, but also the stress. This allows a complete mapping from the length scales of molecular dynamics simulations onto a mesoscale model suitable for a lattice Boltzmann or other mesoscale simulation method. Typical assumptions of mesoscale models, such as incompressibility, are found to fail at the interface, and this has a significant impact on the surface tension. Spurious velocities, found in a number of discrete models of curved interfaces, are found to be minimized when the parameters of the mesoscopic model are made consistent with molecular dynamics results. An improved mesoscale model is given and demonstrated to produce results consistent with molecular dynamics simulations for interfaces with widths down to near molecular size.
description: 43 pages, 17 figures, RevTex4
Забезпечення енергетичної безпеки України в умовах гібридних загроз
Creators: name: Britchenko, Igor
name: Bezpartochnyi, Maksym
name: Bezpartochna, Olesya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: 91305 Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 90607 Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Renewable Power)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 90608 Renewable Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Solar Cells)

description: ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ГІБРИДНИХ ЗАГРОЗ
Synthesis and DFT calculations of linear and nonlinear optical responses of novel 2-thioxo-3-N,(4-methylphenyl) thiazolidine-4 one
Creators: name: B. Baroudi
name: K. Argoub
name: D. Hadji
name: A.M. Benkouider
name: K. Toubal
name: A. Yahiaoui
name: A. Djafri
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The aim of this work is to present results of both experimental and theoretical studies of 2–thioxo–3–N, (4–methylphenyl) thiazolidine–4–one. In this paper, we present the chemical synthesis of 2–thioxo–3–N, (4–methylphenyl) thiazolidine 4–one followed by spectroscopy study. The applying of 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, performed its structural characterization. UV–vis measurements showed absorption between 250 and 350 nm. The optical gap energy is calculated using the Tauc method, which comes out to be around 3.91 eV. Density functional theory (DFT) computations were adopted for the geometry optimization of this compound and to evaluate their static polarizability (the mean polarizability ⟨α⟩ and the polarizability anisotropy Δα) and static first hyperpolarizability (the electric field–induced second harmonic generation (EFISHG) β// and the hyper–Rayleigh scattering (HRS) βHRS) using several functionals. These static electrical properties are studied in detail. An inverse relation between the first hyperpolarizability and the HOMO–LUMO gap has been obtained for the 2–thioxo–3–N, (4–methylphenyl) thiazolidine–4–one. Based on these results, we can conclude that the synthesized molecule is considered as a good candidate for optoelectronic device applications.
Spatial Distributions of A3558 in the Core Region of the Shapley Supercluster
Creators: name: Akimoto, F.
name: Kondou, K.
name: Furuzawa, A.
name: Tawara, Y.
name: Yamashita, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The core region is dominated by three rich Abell clusters and two poor clusters. Their spatial distributions of gas temperature and metal abundance provide us with information on the interactions and motions of member clusters. From eight ASCA pointing observations, temperature, abundance, and X-ray luminosity for five member clusters are similar to the other field clusters not belonging to superclusters. This result and the mean gravitational mass density of the core region indicate that the members are growing in the same way as the nonmember clusters, and the core of the supercluster is just on the way to contraction. Based on analyses of detailed spatial structures with a 4'x4' scale, the three Abell clusters show asymmetric temperature distributions. A3558 was analyzed with a 2'x2' scale, owing to the statistical advantage, and it was revealed that A3558 has clear asymmetric distributions of gas temperature and X-ray surface brightness. This is thought to be caused by cluster-cluster mergings and/or group infallings. A metal-rich region with the size of ~320 kpc was also found to the southeast, ~12' away from the cluster center of A3558. It is expected that either a remnant of a merged core has been left after a major merging or a group of galaxies has been recently infalling.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, latex
Prionailurus bengalensis Leopard
Creators: name: Kazim, Abdul-Rahman
name: Houssaini, Jamal
name: Tappe, Dennis
name: Heo, Chong-Chin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Felidae
Prionailurus
Prionailurus bengalensis

description: Prionailurus bengalensis (Kerr, 1792)
Leopard cat—Kucing batu
Felicola siamensis Emerson, 1964
description: Published as part of Kazim, Abdul-Rahman, Houssaini, Jamal, Tappe, Dennis & Heo, Chong-Chin, 2023, An annotated checklist of the chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera, Amblycera Rhynchophthirina) from domestic and wild mammals in Malaysia, pp. 40-60 in Zootaxa 5263 (1) on page 55, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7797797
Farm Policy, Volume 15, Number 3
Creators: name: University Of Western Australia
name: University Of Western Australia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Farm Management
International Relations/Trade

description: A Farmers' Union in a Less Developed Country by Manu Sopa; Multi and Bi-lateral assistance for Rural Development in Thailand by Krui Punyasingh; Agriculural cooperatives in Japan by G. C. George; Income Variation in the Western Australian Beekeeping Industry by G. Paust.
Flat bands and entanglement in the Kitaev ladder
Creators: name: Nehra, Ritu
name: Bhakuni, Devendra Singh
name: Ramachandran, Ajith
name: Sharma, Auditya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the existence of \emph{flat bands} in a p-wave superconducting Kitaev ladder. We identify two sets of parameters for which the Kitaev ladder sustains flat bands. These flat bands are accompanied by highly localized eigenstates known as compact localized states. Invoking a Bogoliubov transformation, the Kitaev ladder can be mapped into an interlinked cross-stitch lattice. The mapping helps to reveal the compactness of the eigenstates each of which covers only two unit cells of the interlinked cross-stitch lattice. The Kitaev Hamiltonian undergoes a topological-to-trivial phase transition when certain parameters are fine-tuned. Correlation matrix techniques allow us to compute entanglement entropy of the many-body eigenstates. The study of entanglement entropy affords fresh insight into the topological phase transitions in the model. Sharp features in entanglement entropy when bands cross indicate a deep underlying relationship between entanglement entropy and dispersion.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures
The Noncommutative U(N) Kalb-Ramond Theory
Creators: name: Amorim, R.
name: Ferreira, C. N.
name: Godinho, C. F. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the noncommutative extention of the U(N) Cremmer-Scherk-Kalb-Ramond theory, displaying its differential form and gauge structures. The Seiberg-Witten map of the model is also constructed up to $0(θ^2)$.
description: 6 pages
Aceria querci
Creators: name: Bahirai, Fereshteh
name: Jafari, Shahriar
name: Lotfollahi, Parisa
name: Shakarami, Jahanshir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Prostigmata
Eriophyidae
Aceria
Aceria querci

description: Aceria querci (Garman, 1883)
 Distribution – USA (Garman 1883).
 Material examined – Twenty-seven (27) females and five males collected from the leaves on Persian oak trees, Quercus brantii Lindl. (Fagaceae), Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, 14 June 2018; Lorestan Province, Iran. This mite caused brown erinea on the underside surface of host plant leaves.
 Remarks – Until now, A. querci was only reported from the USA on bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.) (Garman 1883; Briones and McDaniel, 1976). The characteristics and habitus of the Iranian specimens are completely in consistent with what Briones and McDaniel (1976) reported.
description: Published as part of Bahirai, Fereshteh, Jafari, Shahriar, Lotfollahi, Parisa & Shakarami, Jahanshir, 2021, Eriophyoidea (Acari: Trombidiformes) of the Lorestan Province and first record of Aceria querci (Garnam, 1883) outside of the USA, pp. 111-119 in Persian Journal of Acarology 10 (1) on page 113, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v10i1.63306, http://zenodo.org/record/5037942
Nonlinear dynamics of polariton scattering in semiconductor microcavity: bistability vs stimulated scattering
Creators: name: Gippius, N. A.
name: Tikhodeev, S. G.
name: Kulakovskii, V. D.
name: Krizhanovskii, D. N.
name: Tartakovskii, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate experimentally an unusual behavior of the parametric polariton scattering in semiconductor microcavity under a strong cw resonant excitation. The maximum of the scattered signal above the threshold of stimulated parametric scattering does not shift along the microcavity lower polariton branch with the change of pump detuning or angle of incidence but is stuck around the normal direction. We show theoretically that such a behavior can be modelled numerically by a system of Maxwell and nonlinear Schroedinger equations for cavity polaritons and explained via the competition between the bistability of a driven nonlinear MC polariton and the instabilities of parametric polariton-polariton scattering.
description: 5 pages, 4 Postscript figures; corrected typos
Bovicola ovis
Creators: name: Kazim, Abdul-Rahman
name: Houssaini, Jamal
name: Tappe, Dennis
name: Heo, Chong-Chin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Trichodectidae
Bovicola
Bovicola ovis

description: Bovicola ovis (Schrank, 1781)
Pediculus ovis Schrank, 1781: 502, pl. 1: figs 8–9.
Pediculus ovisarietis Schrank, 1803: 187. Unnecessary nomen novum for Pediculus ovis Schrank, 1781.
Pediculus sphaerocephalus Olfers, 1816: 85. Unnecessary nomen novum for Pediculus ovis Schrank, 1781.
Trichodectes sphaerocephalus (Olfers, 1816); Nitzsch 1818: 296.
Trichodectes ovis Schrank, 1781 [sic]; Harrison 1916: 71.
Bovicola ovis (Schrank, 1781); Werneck 1950: 73, figs 54–56.
Bovicola (Bovicola) ovis (Schrank, 1781); Price et al. 2003: 66, 253, fig. 248.
Bovicola ovis (Schrank, 1781); Syamsul et al. 2020: 51, fig. 2C.
Type host: “Ove ariete” = Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758 —Sheep.
Type locality: Not given, but Emerson & Price (1975) noted it was in Europe.
Malaysian host: Ovis aries.
Malaysian localities: Bachok, Gua Musang, Jeli, Kota Bharu, Kuala Krai, Machang, Pasir Mas, Pasir Puteh, Tanah Merah, Tumpat (Kelantan) Peninsular Malaysia (Syamsul et al. 2020); Ayer Keroh, Jasin (Melaka) Peninsular Malaysia (this paper); Beranang (Selangor) Peninsular Malaysia (this paper).
Geographical distribution: Worldwide except Antarctica.
Remarks: Here, we report two new records of Bovicola ovis from farmed sheep in the state of Selangor and in southern Melaka.
description: Published as part of Kazim, Abdul-Rahman, Houssaini, Jamal, Tappe, Dennis & Heo, Chong-Chin, 2023, An annotated checklist of the chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera, Amblycera Rhynchophthirina) from domestic and wild mammals in Malaysia, pp. 40-60 in Zootaxa 5263 (1) on pages 46-47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7797797
Inventory completion and complementarity of ant assemblages in a variety of habitats and a suite of sampling methods
Creators: name: Raedani, Audrey
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Pitfall
Winkler extraction
Active search
Baiting
Species density
Abundance
Species richness
Thicket forest
Gallery forest
Open woodland
Closed woodland
Honours

description: Comparative studies have found that, when different sampling methods are used in the same habitat, each of them will contain a few unique species that are not represented in any other sampling method. The efficiency of methods will also vary between habitats. This study made a comparative evaluation of methods used to collect data for estimating ant diversity.in particular, the study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of pitfall traps at estimating ant richness and assemblage structure in varied habitats. The study was conducted in the southern aspect of the Soutpansberg Mountain and it included forest and woodland habitats. A total of 4970 ants (61 species), 6 subfamilies and 27 genera were collected in the four habitats. Overall there was no significant difference between sites (R = 0.057, p = 0.27) accept for a pair-wise comparisons between close woodland and Gallery forest (R= 0.15, P= 0.03). Pitfall species richness predicted 94% of the total site species richness (R2 0.94). Baiting was the worst predictor of species richness (R2 =0.02). Active search predicted (R2 = 0.29) of the total species richness and Winkler extraction predicted (R2 =0.35) of the total species richness.Winkler extraction had the highest inventory completion (93%), followed by Bait (91%), Pitfall traps (89%) then active search with the lowest (85%).Overall there was no significant difference between Habitats (R = 0.057, p = 0.27)accept for a pair-wise comparisons between close woodland and Gallery forest (R= 0.15, P= 0.03 There was a resemblance in species caught in closed woodland and species caught in the gallery forest, points were closer to each other. There was a significant difference between methods (R = 0.374, p = 0.01*) except for the comparison between active searching and Winkler which showed low significance (R= 0.07, P = 0.8). The MDS of methods suggest that pitfall trapping clearly caught a different set of ant assemblages, which was also true for baiting, but to a lesser extent. Although pitfall trapping was not exhaustive in terms of species caught it is a viable surrogate for comparative studies of species richness and assemblage structure for ants in these varied habitats.
description: Evaluate the effect of different sampling techiniques and habitats on the estimation of ant diversity
Additional file 4 of A novel transplantable model of lung cancer-associated tissue loss and disrupted muscle regeneration
Creators: name: Arneson-Wissink, Paige C.
name: Ducharme, Alexandra M.
name: Doles, Jason D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplemental Figure 4: Longitudinal body composition assessment for individual mice. Total mouse weight across study, normalized to pre-tumor baseline weight. Each line represents an individual animal in the following groups: Vehicle (A), 3 million injected cells (D), 1 million injected cells (G), 300,000 injected cells (J). echoMRI calculated total fat mass across study, normalized to pre-tumor baseline fat mass. Each line represents an individual animal in the following groups: Vehicle (B), 3 million injected cells (E), 1 million injected cells (H), 300,000 injected cells (K). echoMRI calculated total lean mass across study, normalized to pre-tumor baseline lean mass. Each line represents an individual animal in the following groups: Vehicle (C), 3 million injected cells (F), 1 million injected cells (I), 300,000 injected cells (L). n= 5 vehicle, 3 million injected cells, and 1 million injected cells; 300,000 injected cells. 7-week-old male 129S2/SvPasCrl mice for all groups.
Radon-Nikodym derivatives of quantum operations
Creators: name: Raginsky, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L07, 46L55, 46L60, 47L07

description: Given a completely positive (CP) map $T$, there is a theorem of the Radon-Nikodym type [W.B. Arveson, Acta Math. {\bf 123}, 141 (1969); V.P. Belavkin and P. Staszewski, Rep. Math. Phys. {\bf 24}, 49 (1986)] that completely characterizes all CP maps $S$ such that $T-S$ is also a CP map. This theorem is reviewed, and several alternative formulations are given along the way. We then use the Radon-Nikodym formalism to study the structure of order intervals of quantum operations, as well as a certain one-to-one correspondence between CP maps and positive operators, already fruitfully exploited in many quantum information-theoretic treatments. We also comment on how the Radon-Nikodym theorem can be used to derive norm estimates for differences of CP maps in general, and of quantum operations in particular.
description: 22 pages; final version
The X-ray Background and AGNs
Creators: name: Hasinger, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep X-ray surveys have shown that the cosmic X-ray background (XRB) is largely due to the accretion onto supermassive black holes, integrated over the cosmic time. These surveys have resolved more than 80% of the 0.1-10 keV X-ray background into discrete sources. Optical spectroscopic identifications show that the sources producing the bulk of the X-ray background are a mixture of unobscured (type-1) and obscured (type-2) AGNs, as predicted by the XRB population synthesis models. A class of highly luminous type-2 AGN, so called QSO-2s, has been detected in the deepest Chandra and XMM-Newton surveys. The new Chandra AGN redshift distribution peaks at much lower redshifts (z~0.7) than that based on ROSAT data, and the new X-ray luminosity function indicates that the space density of Seyfert galaxies peaks at significantly lower redshifts than that of QSOs. It is shown here, that the low redshift peak applies both to absorbed and unabsorbed AGN and is also seen in the 0.5-2 keV band alone. Previous findings of a strong dependence of the fraction of type-2 AGN on luminosity are confirmed with better statistics here. Preliminary results from an 800 ksec XMM-Newton observation of the Lockman Hole are discussed.
description: Proceedings of the conference: "The restless high energy universe", held in Amsterdam, May 2003. To be published in: Nucl. Physics B. Suppl. Ser., E.P.J. van den Heuvel, J.J.M. in 't Zand, and R.A.M.J. Wijers (eds.). 10 pages, 5 figures
Farm Policy, Volume 15, Number 4
Creators: name: University Of Western Australia
name: University Of Western Australia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Farm Management

description: Farmers and the Poverty Inquiry by D. M. Feldman; Land Tax or Transfer Taxes by N. J. Thomson; Against Foreign Aid by H. P. Schapper; Agricultural Policies in Malaysia: a Critique by A. J. Reutens
A Proposed Interpretation of Microwave Ionization of Rydberg Alkali Atoms
Creators: name: Perotti, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I show that the theory developed for quantum delocalization of an excited Hydrogen atom in a two-frequency linearly polarized microwave field can be used with a few adaptions to explain the quantum delocalization of Alkali atoms in a linearly polarized monochromatic field in the regime where it deviates from Hydrogenic behaviour. Comparison with numerical and laboratory experiments is satisfactory: apart from a constant factor, independent from the microwave frequency, the same dependence from the initial quantum number is observed.
description: 5 pages
Additional file 2 of A novel transplantable model of lung cancer-associated tissue loss and disrupted muscle regeneration
Creators: name: Arneson-Wissink, Paige C.
name: Ducharme, Alexandra M.
name: Doles, Jason D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplemental Figure 2: Explained variance for the principle component analysis (PCA). PCA analysis and explained variance were generated in TIBCO Spotfire.
Farm Policy, Volume 16, Number 1
Creators: name: University Of Western Australia
name: University Of Western Australia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance
Farm Management

description: Australian Agriculture- A Policy Viewpoint by K. S. Wriedt; Targets for International Development: An Intuitive View by J. Tinbergen; World Food Problem: Physical Limitations and Policy Alternatives by F. K Bishay; Economic Equality for Agriculture by H. P. Schapper.
Evolving Inborn Knowledge For Fast Adaptation in Dynamic POMDP Problems
Creators: name: Ben-Iwhiwhu, Eseoghene
name: Ladosz, Pawel
name: Dick, Jeffery
name: Chen, Wen-Hua
name: Pilly, Praveen
name: Soltoggio, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rapid online adaptation to changing tasks is an important problem in machine learning and, recently, a focus of meta-reinforcement learning. However, reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms struggle in POMDP environments because the state of the system, essential in a RL framework, is not always visible. Additionally, hand-designed meta-RL architectures may not include suitable computational structures for specific learning problems. The evolution of online learning mechanisms, on the contrary, has the ability to incorporate learning strategies into an agent that can (i) evolve memory when required and (ii) optimize adaptation speed to specific online learning problems. In this paper, we exploit the highly adaptive nature of neuromodulated neural networks to evolve a controller that uses the latent space of an autoencoder in a POMDP. The analysis of the evolved networks reveals the ability of the proposed algorithm to acquire inborn knowledge in a variety of aspects such as the detection of cues that reveal implicit rewards, and the ability to evolve location neurons that help with navigation. The integration of inborn knowledge and online plasticity enabled fast adaptation and better performance in comparison to some non-evolutionary meta-reinforcement learning algorithms. The algorithm proved also to succeed in the 3D gaming environment Malmo Minecraft.
description: 9 pages. Accepted as a full paper in the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2020)
Towards Cognitive Obfuscation: Impeding Hardware Reverse Engineering Based on Psychological Insights
Creators: name: Wiesen, Carina
name: Albartus, Nils
name: Hoffmann, Max
name: Becker, Steffen
name: Wallat, Sebastian
name: Fyrbiak, Marc
name: Rummel, Nikol
name: Paar, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In contrast to software reverse engineering, there are hardly any tools available that support hardware reversing. Therefore, the reversing process is conducted by human analysts combining several complex semi-automated steps. However, countermeasures against reversing are evaluated solely against mathematical models. Our research goal is the establishment of cognitive obfuscation based on the exploration of underlying psychological processes. We aim to identify problems which are hard to solve for human analysts and derive novel quantification metrics, thus enabling stronger obfuscation techniques.
Casimir force between eccentric cylinders
Creators: name: Dalvit, Diego A. R.
name: Lombardo, Fernando C.
name: Mazzitelli, Francisco D.
name: Onofrio, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Casimir interaction between a cylinder and a hollow cylinder, both conducting, with parallel axis and slightly different radii. The Casimir force, which vanishes in the coaxial situation, is evaluated for both small and large eccentricities using the proximity approximation. The cylindrical configuration offers various experimental advantages with respect to the parallel planes or the plane-sphere geometries, leading to favourable conditions for the search of extra-gravitational forces in the micrometer range and for the observation of finite temperature corrections.
description: To be published in Europhysics Letters. 7 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 3 of A novel transplantable model of lung cancer-associated tissue loss and disrupted muscle regeneration
Creators: name: Arneson-Wissink, Paige C.
name: Ducharme, Alexandra M.
name: Doles, Jason D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplemental Figure 3: Grip strength at survival endpoint. Grip strength was tested for tumor-bearing and vehicle mice at the survival endpoint for the tumor-bearing mice (vehicle mice were also sacrificed at this point). Each mouse had 3 grips that were averaged into one data point plotted above. Each data point plotted corresponds to one mouse. No statistical significance was found between groups. N=3 vehicle, 4 tumor-bearing.
Additional classification and cataloguing of the local history collection held in the Marc Fitch Fund Library at the Department of English Local History, Leicester University
Creators: name: Eden, Paul
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional classification and cataloguing of the local history collection held in the Marc Fitch Fund Library at the Department of English Local History, Leicester University
Farm Policy, Volume 16, Number 2
Creators: name: University Of Western Australia
name: University Of Western Australia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance
Farm Management

description: How Taxation Accounts Mislead Managers by J. W. Longworth and K. M. Menz; Stabilization of World Commodity Prices and Australian Foreign Trade by A. C. Darragh; Farm Planning Models Compared by A. W. Hubbard; A Sheep Breeding Information Service: A Case Study by J. A. Nelson.
Priocera aspera Opitz 2021, nov.sp.
Creators: name: Opitz, Weston
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cleridae
Priocera
Priocera aspera

description: Priocera aspera OPITZ nov.sp. (Figs 95, 106)
HOLOTYPE: ♀. Type locality: MEXICO: Durango, 3 mi S El Salto, 10-VIII-1986, Faulkner (FSCA).
D i a g n o s i s: Castaneous, except antennae, tarsi, and distal 1/2 of abdomen testaceous; each elytron, with 3 yellow spots, one at elytral base near mesoscutellum, one in front of middle near epipleural margin, one behind middle near sutural margin.
 D e s c r i p t i o n: Size: Length 8.2 mm; width 2.0 mm. Form: As in Fig. 106. Head: Cranium coarsely sculptured, carinose, frons wider than length of antennal pedicel (EW /FW 35/20). Thorax: Pronotum coarsely punctate, carinose, with 3 tumescenses, posterior tumescence narrow-oblong, middle of pronotum proper somewhat depressed (PW /PL 85/115); elytral disc sculptured with striate asetiferous punctures that extend to elytral distal 4/5 th, elytral apex rounded (EL /EW 390/70); metathoracic femur gradually broadened to femoral apex. Abdomen: Pygidium scutiform.
N a t u r a l h i s t o r y: The available specimen was collected from México during August.
D i s t r i b u t i o n (Fig. 95): This species is known from México.
 E t y m o l o g y: The specific epithet, aspera, is a Latin adjective with the meaning of "rough"; with reference to the coarse macrosculpture on the pronotum.
description: Published as part of Opitz, Weston, 2021, Taxonomic revision of the Western Hemisphere checkered beetle genus Priocera KIRBY (Coleoptera, Cleridae, Clerinae), pp. 1145-1255 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 52 (2) on page 1159, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5038854
n=3 Nilpotent differential calculus on some non-commutative (super) spaces
Creators: name: Baz, M. El
name: Hassouni, A. El
name: Hassouni, Y.
name: Zakkari, E. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81R60

description: In this paper, we construct a covariant differential calculus on quantum plane with two-parametric quantum group as a symmetry group. The two cases $d^2=0$ and $d^3=0$ are completly established. We also construct differential calculi $n=2$ and $n=3$ nilpotent on super quantum space with one and two-parametric symmetry quantum supergroup.
Hispanics immigrants in the fields: is discrimination a barrier to get non-agricultural jobs?
Creators: name: Lopez Barrera, E.
name: Lopez Barrera, E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: immigration
subject: agricultural labor market
subject: discrimination
subject: Hispanics
subject: social network experimental economics
subject: labor economics

description: Current trends on global migration combined with the poor performance of the US economy and national security issues have polarized the debate about migration policies, leaving in evidence some radical postures that have had particular acceptance in the rural areas of the US. This research presents evidence supporting the existence of differences in treatments received by Hispanics job seekers on agricultural and non-agricultural labor markets found through an experimental labor market. Hispanics males’ productivity predicted by agricultural employers was higher than the predicted by non-agricultural employers, suggesting that Hispanics males are believed to fit better in agricultural activities. This may imply an invisible barrier preventing Hispanics to access non-agricultural jobs. Employers’ beliefs reactions to a more informative signal related to productivity sent to the labor market were tested. Hispanic job-seekers’ signals did not significantly reduce the gap between agricultural and non-agricultural employers’ beliefs; suggesting that this invisible barrier may also prevent Hispanic males mobility from agricultural to nonagricultural jobs over time, reducing the incentive to invest in costly signals’ improvement (i.e. education, reputation). Results also support the existence of a non-neutral gender barrier, given no differences in treatments where found for female Hispanics.
DeepFocus: a Few-Shot Microscope Slide Auto-Focus using a Sample Invariant CNN-based Sharpness Function
Creators: name: Shajkofci, Adrian
name: Liebling, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autofocus (AF) methods are extensively used in biomicroscopy, for example to acquire timelapses, where the imaged objects tend to drift out of focus. AD algorithms determine an optimal distance by which to move the sample back into the focal plane. Current hardware-based methods require modifying the microscope and image-based algorithms either rely on many images to converge to the sharpest position or need training data and models specific to each instrument and imaging configuration. Here we propose DeepFocus, an AF method we implemented as a Micro-Manager plugin, and characterize its Convolutional neural network-based sharpness function, which we observed to be depth co-variant and sample-invariant. Sample invariance allows our AF algorithm to converge to an optimal axial position within as few as three iterations using a model trained once for use with a wide range of optical microscopes and a single instrument-dependent calibration stack acquisition of a flat (but arbitrary) textured object. From experiments carried out both on synthetic and experimental data, we observed an average precision, given 3 measured images, of 0.30 +- 0.16 micrometers with a 10x, NA 0.3 objective. We foresee that this performance and low image number will help limit photodamage during acquisitions with light-sensitive samples.
description: Submitted to IEEE ISBI 2020
A comparative analysis of water pricing options on two large-scale irrigation schemes in West Africa
Creators: name: Sidibe, Y.
name: Williams, T.O.
name: Sidibe, Y.
name: Williams, T.O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: International Development
Land Economics/Use

description: Large-scale irrigation schemes producing food and commercial crops in West Africa typically charge a flat rate per hectare for water use. Economic theory suggests that this pricing system is ineffective in promoting efficient water use practices that value water as an economic good. With looming water scarcity partly due to climate change and partly because of growing demands for water due to population, urbanization and industrial-sector growth, there is mounting pressure for implementation of pricing systems that would promote efficiency and cost recovery on irrigation schemes. This paper evaluates the merits of volumetric water pricing system, as an alternative, to the flat rate area-based pricing system currently in use in Office du Niger (ON) irrigation scheme in Mali and Bagré irrigation scheme in Burkina Faso. Results showed that, in contrast to the current situation, adoption of a uniform volumetric water pricing system will enable both schemes to cover the cost of water supply but impact on total water consumption and farmers’ profit will differ by scheme, with Bagre scheme adversely affected. Adoption of an increasing block tariff volumetric system in Bagre will ameliorate the negative effects, suggesting the need for context-specific rather than blanket prescription of a water pricing system.
Further cataloguing of the Marc Fitch local history collection at the Department of English Local History at Leicester University
Creators: name: Thomson, Anthony
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Further cataloguing of the Marc Fitch local history collection at the Department of English Local History at Leicester University
Searching for periods in X-ray observations using Kuiper's test. Application to the ROSAT PSPC archive
Creators: name: Paltani, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Kuiper's test to detect periodicities in X-ray and gamma-ray observations. Like Rayleigh's test, it uses the individual photon arrival times, and is therefore well suited to the analysis of faint sources. Our method makes it possible to take into account the discontinuities in the observation, and to completely get rid of the contamination that results from them. This makes it particularly adapted to the search of periods long compared to the total observation duration. We propose a semi-analytical approach to determine the effective number of trial frequencies when searching for unknown periods over a frequency range. This approach can be easily adapted to other tests. We show that, using Kuiper's test, we can recover periods in frequency domains where other tests are completely confused by contamination. We finally search the entire ROSAT Position-Sensitive Proportional Counter (PSPC) archive for long periods, and find 28 new periodic-source candidates.
description: 10 pages. Accepted for publication in A&A
Developing an insect collection for the Department of Zoology, University of Venda
Creators: name: Vuledzani Oral
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Collection
Insects
Reference
Honours

description: This a an account of reference collection that has been set up for the Department of Zoology as well as the reference collection
description: Develop a reference collection for the region. Submitted in fulfilment of Hounours project requirement.
Institutional arrangements and governance challenges in regulating seed quality in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Mengistu, T.W.
name: Mengistu, T.W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Development
subject: hybrid maize seeds
subject: seed quality
subject: seed certification
subject: biomass productivity
subject: governance challenge
subject: Ethiopia

description: Ensuring access to good quality hybrid seeds remains a major challenge in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In Ethiopia, like many SSA countries, the seed sector is plagued with problems of seed certification that drove policy changes since 2013. However, there is dearth of empirical evidence on how this measure has improved efficiency of the regulatory system. This study examines the institutional arrangement for hybrid seed production and certification, and uncovers the governance challenges therein. Data were collected through Process Net-Maps, key informant interviews and focus group discussions in three locations. While there is some evidence to believe that the decentralized seed quality regulatory system has led to improvements in seed certification services, there still exist several governance challenges. The hybrid seed production is largely dominated by public seed enterprises, which lacks the incentive to maintain robust internal seed quality control. The certification agency is deprived of both human and physical resources. There is an overall lack of accountability in the seed certification and the process is influenced by vested interests, and seed enterprises are often able to circumvent the system. The study suggests ways to improve the system through enhancing internal as well as external quality control mechanisms.
CPsuperH: a Computational Tool for Higgs Phenomenology in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with Explicit CP Violation
Creators: name: Lee, J. S.
name: Pilaftsis, A.
name: Carena, M.
name: Choi, S. Y.
name: Drees, M.
name: Ellis, J.
name: Wagner, C. E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a detailed description of the Fortran code CPsuperH, a newly--developed computational package that calculates the mass spectrum and decay widths of the neutral and charged Higgs bosons in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with explicit CP violation. The program is based on recent renormalization-group-improved diagrammatic calculations that include dominant higher--order logarithmic and threshold corrections, b-quark Yukawa-coupling resummation effects and Higgs-boson pole-mass shifts. The code CPsuperH is self--contained (with all subroutines included), is easy and fast to run, and is organized to allow further theoretical developments to be easily implemented. The fact that the masses and couplings of the charged and neutral Higgs bosons are computed at a similar high-precision level makes it an attractive tool for Tevatron, LHC and LC studies, also in the CP-conserving case.
description: 46 pages, LaTeX, 4 eps figures; the code may be obtained from http://theory.ph.man.ac.uk/~jslee/CPsuperH.html (version as to appear in Comput. Phys. Commun.)