cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Declaration of Intention for Crescenzo Casciano
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1916

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by Crescenzo Casciano.  Applicant lists himself as a 26 year old laborer residing in Elwood, New Jersey,  born in Salmonia, Italy on 11 June 1889, who sailed on the US bound vessel Verona. Declaration submitted and sworn January 17, 1916.
Declaration of Intention for Charle Madonti
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1916

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by Charle Madonti.  Applicant lists himself as a 38 year old laborer residing in Hammonton, New Jersey, born in Naples, Italy on 12 April 1877, who sailed on the US bound vessel [unknown]. Declaration submitted and sworn January 11, 1916.
Declaration of Intention for Sulvon Branca
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1915

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by Sulvon Branca.  Applicant lists himself as a [age not given] laborer residing in Hammonton, New Jersey, born in Montella, Italy on 13 January 1893,  who sailed on the US bound vessel Tattar. Declaration submitted and sworn October 11, 1915.
Modeling the Performance of Early Fault-Tolerant Quantum Algorithms
Creators: name: Liang, Qiyao
name: Zhou, Yiqing
name: Dalal, Archismita
name: Johnson, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Progress in fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) has driven the pursuit of practical applications with early fault-tolerant quantum computers (EFTQC). These devices, limited in their qubit counts and fault-tolerance capabilities, require algorithms that can accommodate some degrees of error, which are known as EFTQC algorithms. To predict the onset of early quantum advantage, a comprehensive methodology is needed to develop and analyze EFTQC algorithms, drawing insights from both the methodologies of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) and traditional FTQC. To address this need, we propose such a methodology for modeling algorithm performance on EFTQC devices under varying degrees of error. As a case study, we apply our methodology to analyze the performance of Randomized Fourier Estimation (RFE), an EFTQC algorithm for phase estimation. We investigate the runtime performance and the fault-tolerant overhead of RFE in comparison to the traditional quantum phase estimation algorithm. Our analysis reveals that RFE achieves significant savings in physical qubit counts while having a much higher runtime upper bound. We anticipate even greater physical qubit savings when considering more realistic assumptions about the performance of EFTQC devices. By providing insights into the performance trade-offs and resource requirements of EFTQC algorithms, our work contributes to the development of practical and efficient quantum computing solutions on the path to quantum advantage.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, plus appendix
Declaration of Intention for Orazio Branco
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1915

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by Orazio Branco. Applicant lists himself as a 27 year old farmer residing in Hammonton, New Jersey, born in Montella, Italy on 1 June 1888,  who sailed on the US bound vessel Virginia.  Declaration submitted and sworn October 11, 1915.
Si/SiGe HBT UWB impulse generators with sleep-mode targeting the FCC masks
Creators: name: Schleicher, Bernd
name: Dederer, Jochen
name: Schumacher, Hermann
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Impulse generator
subject: Movement sensor
subject: SiGe HBT
subject: UWB
subject: DDC 620 / Engineering & allied operations
subject: Antennas: Electronics
subject: Ultra-wideband antennas
subject: Heterobipolartransistor
subject: Ultraweitband

description: In this paper two UWB impulse generator ICs are presented, targeting the FCC ultra-wideband spectral masks for indoor and outdoor communications. For the generation of the impulse an underdamped RLC resonance circuit is excited by a short current spike. An on-chip power down circuit consisting of a Widlar bandgap reference and several current mirrors was included, allowing to completely switch off the ICs with a single control signal under full DC biasing. The impulses show a very short time-domain extension and negligible excess ringing, allowing high repetition rates, exceeding the 400 MHz shown in this paper. The two impulse generators exhibit peak amplitudes of 170 and 180 mV and the full-width at half maximum of the time domain waveforms are below 200 and 260 ps, respectively. All circuit blocks were realized using 0.8 My Si/SiGe NPN HBTs only.
A SiGe frequency quadrupler for M-QAM carrier recovery
Creators: name: Ulusoy, Ahmet Cagri
name: Liu, Gang
name: Trasser, Andreas
name: Schumacher, Hermann
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Bipolar analog integrated circuits
subject: HF receivers
subject: Quadrature phase shift keying
subject: Synchronous detection
subject: DDC 620 / Engineering & allied operations
subject: Demodulation: Electronics
subject: Millimeter wave communication systems
subject: Demodulation

description: In this paper a frequency quadrupler circuit, integrated with a commercially available SiGe HBT technology (fT/fmax = 80/90 GHz) is presented. The quadrupler consists of two Gilbert cell mixers stacked as squarers. The measured maximum conversion gain is 0.6 dB for an input level of - 9 dBm. The circuit is optimized for M-QAM carrier recovery, and the performance was tested by applying QPSK and 16 QAM modulated signals with 4 Gbit/s data rate at the input. Both experimental and simulated results are presented. The fully integrated chip is operated from a single 2.5 V DC supply and draws 22.3 mA current.
Declaration of Intention for James Palmer
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1915

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by James Palmer. Applicant lists himself as a 29 year old real estate [worker] residing in Hammonton, New Jersey, born in Calabritto, Italy on 15 June 1886, who sailed on the US bound vessel [unknown]. Declaration submitted and sworn September 23, 1915.
Additional file 1: of Selecting and implementing overview methods: implications from five exemplar overviews
Creators: name: Pollock, Alex
name: Campbell, Pauline
name: Brunton, Ginny
name: Hunt, Harriet
name: Estcourt, Lise
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Summary of findings as presented by Pollock [8]. (DOCX 777 kb)
Additional file 2: of Selecting and implementing overview methods: implications from five exemplar overviews
Creators: name: Pollock, Alex
name: Campbell, Pauline
name: Brunton, Ginny
name: Hunt, Harriet
name: Estcourt, Lise
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Summary of findings as presented by Brunton [12]. (DOCX 20 kb)
Copestylum (Lepidopsis) smithae
Creators: name: Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M.
name: Riera, Pamela
name: Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura
name: Guzmán, Vicente Valdés
name: Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Copestylum
Copestylum smithae

description: Copestylum (Lepidopsis) smithae (Thompson, 1965)
Figs 118–119
Lepidopsis smithae Thompson, 1965: 61
Type locality and data. “ La Rioja: Mascasin, Argentina ” (HT, ♂, USNM).
Material examined. Tarapacá: 11♂, 10♀, south Chiapa, Tarapacá Province, 23.IV.1969, Leg. L.E. Peña (MEUC).
References. Thompson, 1965: 61 (desc.); Thompson, 1972b: 110 (Milesiinae rev.); Thompson et al., 1976: 84 (cat.); Whittinton, 1992: 214 (desc. Graptomyza); Rotheray et al., 2009: 706 (desc.).
World distribution. Argentina, Bolivia and Chile.
Chilean distribution. Only recorded from Tarapacá region (Fig. 146).
Altitudinal range. This species has been recorded inhabiting highland ecosystems (3,500 -3,800 m.a.s.l.).
Biology and notes. Copestylum smithae is here reported from Chile for the first time and associated with native flora from the Andes highlands ecosystems in the Puna province (Morrone 2014). Larvae of C. smithae has been associated with Opuntia cacti by Rotheray et al. (2009).
Conservation status. DD; AOO = 2 km 2 and one locality (or subpopulation).
Subgenus Phalacromya Rondani, 1848
description: Published as part of Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., Riera, Pamela, Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura, Guzmán, Vicente Valdés & Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia, 2021, Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes, pp. 1-178 in Zootaxa 4959 (1) on page 82, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4959.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4693464
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) tangerensis
Creators: name: Whitmore, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sarcophagidae
Sarcophaga
Sarcophaga tangerensis

description: Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) tangerensis nom. nov.
(Figs 3–5)
Heteronychia (Heteronychia) amica Peris, González-Mora & Mingo, 1998: 173. Type locality: Morocco, Tanger. [Junior secondary homonym of Phallosphaera amica Ma, 1964.]
Type material examined. 1 3 paratype: Tanger, M. Escalera leg. (UCME) [terminalia dissected and placed in glycerin in a microvial pinned beneath the source specimen].
Remarks. Peris et al. (1998) based their description of Heteronychia amica upon four males (the holotype and three paratypes), all from Tanger in Morocco and all deposited at UCME. The examined paratype fits well with the original illustrations published by Peris et al. (1998: 173, fig. 8), who did not specify which specimen(s) was (were) used for their illustrations.
Diagnosis (3). A medium-sized (7.5– 10mm) species of Heteronychia with a narrow frons, ca. 0.3 times eye width in dorsal view at its narrowest point; lower facial margin slightly protruding in lateral view; scutellum with a pair of apical setae; mid femur with a subapical posteroventral comb; costal spine short; wing vein R1 bare on dorsal surface; microtrichosity of abdomen with lateral black markings covering whole length of tergites 3−4 in posterior view; abdominal tergite 3 without median marginal setae; epandrium red-orange; cercus (Fig. 3) entirely covered with tightly-spaced setae and with a rounded subapical hump; pregonite (Fig. 4) distinctly widening apically, tip distinctly bent ventrally; distiphallus (Fig. 5): apical process of harpes flattened, tapering and directed first apically then ventrally; juxta short, with triangular (irregularly serrated) lateral processes; vesica reduced to a small sclerite.
Distribution. Morocco.
Etymology. A Latin adjective referring to the type locality of the species.
description: Published as part of Whitmore, Daniel, 2011, New taxonomic and nomenclatural data on Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), with description of six new species, pp. 1-57 in Zootaxa 2778 on page 6, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.201885
CONDITIONS DE REUSSITE DES INITIATIVES LOCALES DE DEVELOPPEMENT DANS L'ESPACE WAMBA-TSHITSHIRI, SECTEUR SEDZO DANS LA PROVINCE DU KWILU EN RDC
Creators: name: MAZONO ANSUR-ANKUS Donatien
name: MAPUKU MPUYA Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Cet article examine les conditions de réussite des initiatives locales de développement du secteur sedzo dans la province du Kwilu, en République Démocratique du Congo (RDC). À travers une analyse qualitative et quantitative, nous avons identifié plusieurs facteurs clés qui influencent l’efficacité de ces initiatives, notamment la participation communautaire, le soutien gouvernemental, et l’accès aux ressources. Les résultats montrent que des initiatives bien planifiées et impliquant la communauté locale ont un impact significatif sur le développement durable de la région
Declaration of Intention for Guiseppe Dercurio
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1915

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by Guiseppe Dercurio.  Applicant lists himself as a 36 year old painter residing in Hammonton, New Jersey, born in Calabria, Italy on 29 July 1879, who sailed on the US bound vessel Stampalia. Declaration submitted and sworn September 1, 1915.
Uncertainty analysis for the classification of multispectral satellite images using SVMs and SOMs
Creators: name: Thiel, Christian
name: Giacco, Ferdinando
name: Pugliese, Luca
name: Scarpetta, Silvia
name: Marinaro, Maria
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fuzzy SOM
subject: Fuzzy SVM
subject: Land-cover maps
subject: Remotely sensed images
subject: Soft classification
subject: SOM
subject: SVM
subject: DDC 004 / Data processing & computer science
subject: Geodetic satellites
subject: Uncertainty
subject: Neoplasms; Classification
subject: Satellitenbild

description: Classification of multispectral remotely sensed data with textural features is investigated with a special focus on uncertainty analysis in the produced land-cover maps. Much effort has already been directed into the research of satisfactory accuracy assessment techniques in image classification, but a common approach is not yet universally adopted. We look at the relationship between hard accuracy and the uncertainty on the produced answers, introducing two measures based on maximum probability and alpha quadratic entropy. Their impact differs depending on the type of classifier. In this paper, we deal with two different classification strategies, based on support vector machines (SVMs) and Kohonen’s self-organizing maps (SOMs), both suitably modified to give soft answers. Once the multiclass probability answer vector is available for each pixel in the image, we studied the behavior of the overall classification accuracy as a function of the uncertainty associated with each vector, given a hard-labeled test set. The experimental results show that the SVM with one-versus-one architecture and linear kernel clearly outperforms the other supervised approaches in terms of overall accuracy. On the other hand, our analysis reveals that the proposed SOM-based classifier, despite its unsupervised learning procedure, is able to provide soft answers which are the best candidates for a fusion with supervised results.
Additional file 9: of Tissue and cell-specific transcriptomes in cotton reveal the subtleties of gene regulation underlying the diversity of plant secondary cell walls
Creators: name: MacMillan, Colleen
name: Birke, Hannah
name: Chuah, Aaron
name: Brill, Elizabeth
name: Tsuji, Yukiko
name: Ralph, John
name: Dennis, Elizabeth
name: Llewellyn, Danny
name: Pettolino, Filomena
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Other cell wall related genes that were differentially expressed across the cotton tissues. (PDF 17Â kb)
Declaration of Intention for Rosario Silipigni
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1915

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by Rosario Silipigni. Applicant lists himself as a 40 year old clerk residing in Hammonton, New Jersey, born in Messina, Italy on 8 February 1875, who sailed on the US bound vessel Citta Di Genova. Declaration submitted and sworn June 3,1915.
Semiquantum private comparison via cavity QED
Creators: name: Xu, Xin
name: Lian, Jiang-Yuan
name: Ye, Tian-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we design the first semiquantum private comparison (SQPC) protocol which is realized via cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) by making use of the evolution law of atom. With the help of a semi-honest third party (TP), the proposed protocol can compare the equality of private inputs from two semiquantum parties who only have limited quantum capabilities. The proposed protocol uses product states as initial quantum resource and employs none of unitary operations, quantum entanglement swapping operation or delay lines. Security proof turns out that it can defeat both the external attack and the internal attack.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Declaration of Intention for Salvatore Risica
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1915

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by Salvatore Risica. Applicant lists himself as a 22 year old laborer residing in Hammonton, New Jersey, born in Messina, Italy on 24 November 1892, who sailed on the US bound vessel Cappania. Declaration submitted and sworn June 3, 1915.
Beam steerable IR-UWB antenna array with FCC-compliant impulse generators
Creators: name: Schleicher, Bernd
name: Leib, Mario
name: Menzel, Wolfgang
name: Schumacher, Hermann
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Impulse generator
subject: IR-UWB antenna
subject: Vivaldi antenna
subject: DDC 620 / Engineering & allied operations
subject: Ultra-wideband antennas
subject: Impulsradio
subject: Ultraweitband

description: A novel method for beam steering with an active ultra-wideband antenna array is presented for impulse-radio ultra-wideband. The antenna array consists of four planar Vivaldi antennas in a collinear arrangement with an impulse generator circuit mounted chip-on-board on each antenna element. The beam steering is done by shifting the phase of the control signals triggering the impulse generators. In the array arrangement a measured beam width of 16° is achieved for an antenna spacing of 4 cm compared to 80° for a single Vivaldi antenna. Beam steering is experimentally demonstrated for a steering angle of 30°.
Declaration of Intention for Frank Henry Merlinio
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1915

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by Frank Henry Merlinio. Applicant lists himself as a 22 year old glass cutter residing in Hammonton, New Jersey, born in Messina, Italy on 12 February 1893, who sailed on the US bound vessel [unknown]. Declaration submitted and sworn March 20, 1915.
Praon yomenae Takada 1968
Creators: name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
name: Barahoei, Hossein
name: Ahmad, Zubair
name: Starý, Petr
name: Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa
name: Mehrparvar, Mohsen
name: Kavallieratos, Nickolas G.
name: Čkrkić, Jelisaveta
name: Tomanović, Željko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Praon
Praon yomenae

description: Praon yomenae Takada, 1968
Figs 61, 163, 263, 362, 463, 600
Material examined
SAUDI ARABIA • 1 ♂; Abha; May 2013; Uroleucon sp. on Sonchus oleraceus • 5 ♀♀; Abha-Mahala College campus; Nov. 2012; Uroleucon sp. on Sonchus oleraceus; Z. Ahmad leg. (DPPZ).
Host records
Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (?) (Chaouche & Laamari 2015); Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) (?) (Gülçlü & Özbek 2002; Uysal et al. 2004); Uroleucon acroptilidis Kadyrbekov, Renxin & Shao (Barahoei et al. 2010, 2012, 2013); Uroleucon aeneum Hille Ris Lambers (Laamari et al. 2012); Uroleucon carthami (Hille Ris Lambers) (Mescheloff & Rosen 1988 – as Praon dorsale; Barahoei et al. 2013); Uroleucon cichorii (Koch) (Barahoei et al. 2010, 2012, 2013); Uroleucon chondrillae (Nevsky) (Rakhshani et al. 2007a; Nazari et al. 2012); Uroleucon compositae (Theobald) (Rakhshani et al. 2007a); Uroleucon jaceae (L.) (Güz & Kilinçer 2005 – as Praon dorsale; Rakhshani et al. 2007a; Barahoei et al. 2010, 2012, 2013; Laamari et al. 2011, 2012; Chaouche & Laamari 2015); Uroleucon picridis (Fabricius) (Mescheloff & Rosen 1988 – as Praon dorsale); Uroleucon sonchi (L.) (Starý & Sekkat 1987; Mescheloff & Rosen 1988 – as Praon dorsale; Tomanović et al. 2003; Kavallieratos et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2007a, 2012b; Talebi et al. 2009; Barahoei et al. 2010, 2012, 2013); Uroleucon tortuosissimae Rezwani & Lampel (Barahoei et al. 2013).
Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa
Algeria (Laamari et al. 2011, 2012; Chaouche & Laamari 2015); Iran (Rakhshani et al. 2007a, 2012b; Barahoei et al. 2010, 2012, 2013; Nazari et al. 2012); Israel (Mescheloff & Rosen 1988); Morocco (Starý & Sekkat 1987); Turkey (Eastern part – Gülçlü & Özbek 2002; Tomanović et al. 2003; Central part – Güz & Kilinçer 2005; Erdoğan et al. 2008; Western part – Kavallieratos et al. 2004; Uysal et al. 2004; Akar & Erdoğan 2017); Yemen (Starý et al. 2013).
General distribution
Eastern and Western Palaearctic, Oriental.
Remarks
All records for Praon dorsale (Haliday 1833) associated with Uroleucon aphids in the Middle East and North Africa refer to Praon yomenae. Record of P. yomenae on Acyrthosiphon pisum (Chaouche & Laamari 2015), is probably referring to a misidentification of Praon barbatum Mackauer, which is very similar to P. yomane.
description: Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on pages 48-49, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562
Declaration of Intention for John Mazzeo
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1915

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by John Mazzeo. Applicant lists himself as a 25 year old glass cutter residing in  Hammonton, New Jersey, born in Messina, Italy on 15 May 1888, who sailed on the US bound vessel Romania. Declaration submitted and sworn March 20, 1915.
Magnetization plateaus and enhanced magnetocaloric effect of a spin-1/2 Ising-Heisenberg and Heisenberg double sawtooth ladder with four-spin interaction
Creators: name: Zad, Hamid Arian
name: Ohanyan, Vadim
name: Zoshki, Azam
name: Strečka, Jozef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state, the entropy and the magnetic Grüneisen parameter of the antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 Ising-Heisenberg model on a double sawtooth ladder are rigorously investigated using the classical transfer-matrix technique. The model includes the XXZ interaction between the interstitial Heisenberg dimers, the Ising coupling between nearest-neighbor spins of the legs and rungs, and additional cyclic four-spin Ising term in each square plaquette. For a particular value of the cyclic four-spin exchange we found in the ground-state phase diagram of the Ising Heisenberg ladder a quadruple point, at which four different ground states coexist together. During an adiabatic demagnetization process a fast cooling accompanied with an enhanced magnetocaloric effect can be detected nearby this quadruple point. The ground-state phase diagram of the Ising-Heisenberg ladder is confronted with the zero-temperature magnetization process of the purely quantum Heisenberg ladder, which is calculated by using exact diagonalization (ED) based on the Lanczos algorithm for a finite-size ladder of 24 spins and the density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) simulations for a finite-size ladder with up to 96 spins. Some indications of existence of intermediate magnetization plateaus in the magnetization process of the full Heisenberg model for a small but non-zero four-spin Ising coupling were found. The DMRG results reveal that the quantum Heisenberg double sawtooth ladder exhibits a quantum Luttinger spin-liquid phase that is absent in the Ising-Heisenberg counterpart model. Except this difference the magnetic behavior of the full Heisenberg model is quite analogous to its simplified Ising-Heisenberg counterpart and hence, one may bring insight into the fully quantum Heisenberg model from rigorous results for the Ising-Heisenberg model.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures
Declaration of Intention for Carmello Siligato
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1915

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by Carmello Siligato. Applicant lists himself as a 24 year old shoemaker residing in Hammonton, New Jersey, born in Sicily, Italy on 15 April 1890, who sailed on the US bound vessel [unknown]. Declaration submitted and sworn March 20, 1915.
Tanytrichophorus petiolaris Mackauer 1961
Creators: name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
name: Barahoei, Hossein
name: Ahmad, Zubair
name: Starý, Petr
name: Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa
name: Mehrparvar, Mohsen
name: Kavallieratos, Nickolas G.
name: Čkrkić, Jelisaveta
name: Tomanović, Željko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Tanytrichophorus
Tanytrichophorus petiolaris

description: Tanytrichophorus petiolaris Mackauer, 1961
Host records
Brachycaudus persicae (Passerini) (Mackauer 1961; Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000).
Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa
Tehran (Starý et al. 2000).
General distribution
The species has not been reported outside Iran.
Remarks
The species was described on the basis of male specimens only (Mackauer 1961), while no female specimens have been recorded since the original description. Therefore, it has been excluded from the key of the present study.
description: Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 49, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562
Copestylum (Phalacromya) bolivianum
Creators: name: Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M.
name: Riera, Pamela
name: Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura
name: Guzmán, Vicente Valdés
name: Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Copestylum
Copestylum bolivianum

description: Copestylum (Phalacromya) bolivianum (Hine, 1914)
Volucella boliviana Hine, 1914: 338
Volucella soukupii Vimmer & Soukup, 1938: 29
Volucella arica Fluke, 1950b: 450
Type locality and data. “La Paz, Bolivia ” (T, ♀, OHSU).
Material examined. Arica y Parinacota: 1♂, Putre, 23.XII.1952, Leg. M. Etcheverry (IEUMCE); 5♂, 3♀ Belén, Leg. L.E. Peña (IEUMCE); Tarapacá: 1♀, Miñe-Miñe, 15.II.1948, Leg. J. Herrera & M. Etcheverry (IEUMCE); 1♀, Cancosa, 26.IX.1951, Leg. NN (IEUMCE); 1♂, 2♀, Mamiña, 16.XI.1964, Leg. M. Etcheverry (IEUMCE); Parca, 30.VII.1951 (Etcheverry 1952); 1♂, Cerro Collacahua, 23.IX.1951, Leg. M. Etcheverry (IEUMCE); 1♀, Noasa, 24.IX.1951, Leg. NN (IEUMCE); 1♀, Río Seco, 18.XI.1952, Leg. NN (IEUMCE); Antofagasta: 1♂, 6♀, Incaliri, 15.XII.1966, Leg. J. Herrera (IEUMCE); 2♀, Linzor, 14.XII.1966, Leg. M Etcheverry (IEUMCE); 3♂, 4♀, Silala, 15.XII.1966, Leg. J. Herrera (IEUMCE); 1♂, Toconce, 11.XII.1966, Leg. J. Herrera (IEUMCE); 1♀, Quebrada Toconce, 4.XII.1959, Leg. NN (IEUMCE); 1♂, 3♀, Geiser del Tatio, 4.XII.1959, Leg. NN (IEUMCE); 5♂, 5♀, Guatín, 11.XII.1966, Leg. J. Herrera & Etcheverry (IEUMCE); 1♂, 1♀, Socaire, 07.XII.1966, Leg. J. Her- rera (IEUMCE).
References. Hine, 1914: 338 (desc.); Curran, 1930c: 413 (desc.); Vimmer & Soukup, 1938: 29 (desc.); Fluke, 1950b: 450, figs 14–16 (desc.); Etcheverry, 1951: 357 (cat.); Etcheverry, 1952: 309 (cat.); Fluke, 1957: 59 (cat.); Etcheverry, 1963: 95 (cat.); Etcheverry, 1970: 96 (cat.); Thompson et al., 1976: 72 (cat.).
World distribution. Bolivia, Peru and Chile.
Chilean distribution. From Arica y Parinacota to Antofagasta region (Fig. 146).
Altitudinal range. This species mainly inhabits highland ecosystems between 2,700 and 4,200 m.a.s.l.
Biology and notes. Copestylum bolivianum is associated with native flora from the Andes highlands in the Puna. The species Volucella arica included in the catalog of Etcheverry (1963) is currently a junior synonym of C. bolivianum in the Systema Dipterorum (Thompson & Pape 2010). Mining and water exploitation could be the major threats to this species. Nothing is known about the biology of this species.
Conservation status. LC; EOO = 55,351 km 2, AOO = 64 km 2 and 15 localities (or subpopulations).
description: Published as part of Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., Riera, Pamela, Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura, Guzmán, Vicente Valdés & Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia, 2021, Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes, pp. 1-178 in Zootaxa 4959 (1) on pages 83-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4959.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4693464
Declaration of Intention for Letterio Giordano
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1915

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by Letterio Giordano. Applicant lists himself as a 20 year old glass cutter residing in  Hammonton, New Jersey, born in Messina, Italy on 7 October 1894, who sailed on the US bound vessel Madona. Declaration submitted and sworn March 20, 1915.
High temperature stability of nitride-based power HEMTs
Creators: name: Maier, David
name: Alomari, Mohammed
name: Kohn, Erhard
name: Diforte-Poisson, Marie-Antoinette
name: Dua, Christian
name: Delage, Sylvain L.
name: Grandjean, Nicolas
name: Carlin, Jean-Francois
name: Chuvilin, Andrey
name: Kaiser, Ute
name: Troadec, David
name: Gaquière, Christophe
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: GaN heterostructures
subject: High-temperature electronics
subject: InAlN/GaN HEMT
subject: DDC 620 / Engineering & allied operations
subject: Modulation-doped field-effect transistors
subject: Reliability: Engineering
subject: HEMT

description: The temperature stability of InAlN/GaN heterostructure FETs has been tested by a stepped temperature test routine under large signal operation conditions. Devices have been successfully operated up to 900 °C for 50 hrs. Failure is thought to be contact metallization related, indicating an extremely robust InAlN/GaN heterostructure.
Declaration of Intention for Joe Giordano
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1915

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by Joe Giordano. Applicant lists himself as a 20 year old shoemaker residing in Hammonton, New Jersey, born in Messina, Italy on 7 October 1894, who sailed on the US bound vessel Madona. Declaration submitted and sworn March 20, 1915.
Declaration of Intention for Tony Rizzotto
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1915

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by Tony Rizzotto. Applicant lists himself as a 21 year old shoemaker residing in Hammonton, New Jersey, born in Messina, Italy on 16 May 1893, who sailed on the US bound vessel [unknown]. Declaration submitted and sworn March 20, 1915.
Copestylum (Phalacromya) bradleyi
Creators: name: Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M.
name: Riera, Pamela
name: Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura
name: Guzmán, Vicente Valdés
name: Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Copestylum
Copestylum bradleyi

description: Copestylum (Phalacromya) bradleyi (Curran, 1925)
Fig. 122
Volucella bradleyi Curran, 1925: 348
Type locality and data. “ Matucana, Peru ” (T, ♀, CUI).
Material examined. Arica y Parinacota: 2♂, Putre, 23.XII.1952, Leg. M. Etcheverry (IEUMCE); 2♂, 2♀, Belén, Leg. L.E. Peña (IEUMCE, CNC); 3♀, Codpa, 30.XI.1985, Leg. NN (IEUMCE); 1♂, 2♀, Chapiquiña, 24.XI.1966, Leg. M. Etcheverry (IEUMCE); Tarapacá: 1♂, MiñeMiñe, 15.II.1948, Leg. J. Herrera & M. Etcheverry (IEUMCE); Champaja, Pisagua, I.1949 (Etcheverry 1952); 2♂, 2♀, Mamiña, 16.XI.1964, Leg. M. Etcheverry (IEUMCE, CNC); 4♂, 13♀, Camiña, 09.IX.1983, Leg. NN (IEUMCE); 1♀, Poroma, 18.VII.1966, Leg. Etcheverry (IEUMCE); 5♂, 8♀, Parca, 15.VII.1966, Leg. J. Herrera (IEUMCE); 1♀, Noasa, 24.IX.1951, Leg. NN (IEUMCE); 1♂, Chaquiña,
23.VII.1951 (Etcheverry 1952); Coquimbo: 1♀, Fray Jorge, no date, Leg. NN (IEUMCE); Metropolitana: Santuario Natural Yerba Loca Natural (Valdivia & Niemeyer 2006) (Fig. 146).
References. Curran, 1925: 345 (desc.); Curran, 1926a: 53 (key); Curran, 1930c: 11 (key); Curran, 1934: 382 (key); Etcheverry, 1951: 356 (cat.); Fluke, 1951b: 26 (key & desc.); Etcheverry, 1952: 309 (cat.); Fluke, 1957: 61 (cat.); Etcheverry, 1963: 97 (cat.); Etcheverry, 1970: 96 (cat.); Thompson et al., 1976: 72 (cat.); Valdivia & Niemeyer, 2006: 137 (pollination study).
World distribution. Peru and Chile.
Chilean distribution. From Arica y Parinacota to Metropolitan region.
Altitudinal range. From precordillera to highland ecosystems (1,800–4,200 m.a.s.l.).
Biology and notes. Copestylum bradleyi is associated with the native flora in the highlands of the Central Andes. Adults are associated with the plant Escallonia myrtoidea Bertero ex DC. (Valdivia & Niemeyer 2006). Nothing is known about its biology.
Conservation status. LC; EOO = 183,909 km 2, AOO = 56 km 2 and 14 localities (or subpopulations).
description: Published as part of Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., Riera, Pamela, Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura, Guzmán, Vicente Valdés & Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia, 2021, Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes, pp. 1-178 in Zootaxa 4959 (1) on pages 84-85, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4959.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4693464
Probabilistic long-term prediction for autonomous vehicles
Creators: name: Hörmann, Stefan
name: Stumper, Daniel
name: Dietmayer, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Situation prediction
subject: Intelligent driver model
subject: Autonomous driving
subject: DDC 620 / Engineering & allied operations
subject: Situational awareness
subject: Autonomous vehicles
subject: Autonomes Fahren

description: Long-term prediction of traffic participants is crucial to enable autonomous driving on public roads. The quality of the prediction directly affects the frequency of trajectory planning. With a poor estimation of the future development, more computational effort has to be put in re-planning, and a safe vehicle state at the end of the planning horizon is not guaranteed. A holistic probabilistic prediction, considering inputs, results and parameters as random variables, highly reduces the problem. A time frame of several seconds requires a probabilistic description of the scene evolution, where uncertainty or accuracy is represented by the trajectory distribution. Following this strategy, a novel evaluation method is needed, coping with the fact, that the future evolution of a scene is also uncertain. We present a method to evaluate the probabilistic prediction of real traffic scenes with varying start conditions. The proposed prediction is based on a particle filter, estimating behavior describing parameters of a microscopic traffic model. Experiments on real traffic data with random leading vehicles show the applicability in terms of convergence, enabling long-term prediction using forward propagation.
«INFORMATIKA» FANINING VUJUDGA KELISHI VA TARAQQIYOTI
Creators: name: Qashqadaryo viloyati shaxrisabz tuman 15-sonli maktab Informatika va axborot texnologiyalari  Nematullayev Shahzodbek Isomiddin o'g'li
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Mazkur maqolada informatika fanining vujudga kelishi, rivojlanish bosqichlari va uning zamonaviy jamiyatdagi ahamiyati keng yoritilgan. Informatika — bu axborotlarni qayta ishlash, saqlash va uzatish usullari va vositalarini o‘rganuvchi fan bo‘lib, uning shakllanishi insoniyat tarixidagi muhim texnologik yutuqlarga asoslangan. Maqolada informatikaning ta’lim, tibbiyot, iqtisodiyot, madaniyat va boshqa sohalardagi ta’siri hamda uning jamiyat hayotini tubdan o‘zgartirganligi ta’kidlanadi. Informatika orqali inson faoliyatining ko‘plab jihatlari optimallashtirilgan va yangi imkoniyatlar ochilgan.

Kalit so’zlar: Internet umumjahon tarmog'i, multimedia texnologiyalari, Computer science, mikroprosessor texnikasi, kompyuter texnikasi, Elektron hisoblash texnikasi.
Toxares deltiger
Creators: name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
name: Barahoei, Hossein
name: Ahmad, Zubair
name: Starý, Petr
name: Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa
name: Mehrparvar, Mohsen
name: Kavallieratos, Nickolas G.
name: Čkrkić, Jelisaveta
name: Tomanović, Željko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Toxares
Toxares deltiger

description: Toxares deltiger (Haliday, 1833)
Figs 62, 164, 264, 363, 464, 601
Host records
Lacking host data (Tomanović et al. 2008).
Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa
Turkey (Eastern part – Tomanović et al. 2008).
General distribution
Holarctic, Oriental.
description: Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 49, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562
title: SMCE Universal Control Plane
title: Leveraging Platform Engineering to accelerate access to scientific resources
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ramon, Ramirez-Linan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Implementing platform engineering principles within the Science Managed Cloud Environment (SMCE) has significantly accelerated access to scientific resources such as Kubernetes-based Jupyterhub and Cloud-based High-Performance Computing Clusters. This approach standardized and streamlined deployment processes, addressing the challenge of managing deployments that required diverse objects across AWS Cloud accounts and Kubernetes clusters. Leveraging GitOps, Kubernetes, Crossplane, and Argo Workflows, termed the Universal Control Plane, we established a service team responsible for creating "Compositions" which is the base code for deploying these scientific resources and worked with the security team to ensure cloud governance. Meanwhile, the DevOps team utilizes simplified YAML files (claims) to deploy these services swiftly, with compositions handling the complexities of Kubernetes and Cloud APIs.This approach notably enhances transparency, speed, and efficiency. With Git serving as the single source of truth, changes are managed through code pushes, reducing deployment times from hours to minutes. By simplifying the deployment process of complex resources we empowered the less experienced members of the teams to contribute to this fast pace deployment of resources. Ultimately, this platform engineering paradigm not only expedites resource deployment but also ensures governance compliance and transparency, heralding a new era of efficiency and empowerment within our organization
Declaration of Intention for Guiseppe G. Dicicco
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1914

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by Guiseppe G. Dicicco. Applicant lists himself as a 23 year old glass cutter residing in Hammonton, New Jersey, born in Calabritto, Italy on 1 May 1891, who sailed on the US bound vessel [unknown]. Declaration submitted and sworn December 21, 1914.
Argumentation in Mathematical Practice
Creators: name: Aberdein, Andrew
name: Ashton, Zoe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 00A30

description: Formal logic has often been seen as uniquely placed to analyze mathematical argumentation. While formal logic is certainly necessary for a complete understanding of mathematical practice, it is not sufficient. Important aspects of mathematical reasoning closely resemble patterns of reasoning in nonmathematical domains. Hence the tools developed to understand informal reasoning, collectively known as argumentation theory, are also applicable to much mathematical argumentation. This chapter investigates some of the details of that application. Consideration is given to the many contrasting meanings of the word ``argument''; to some of the specific argumentation-theoretic tools that have been applied to mathematics, notably Toulmin layouts and argumentation schemes; to some of the different ways that argumentation is implicated in mathematical practices; and to the social aspects of mathematical argumentation.
Towards cloud-centric distributed database evaluation
Creators: name: Seybold, Daniel
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: DBaaS
subject: Cloud databases
subject: DDC 004 / Data processing & computer science
subject: Non-relational databases
subject: Cloud computing
subject: Distributed databases
subject: NoSQL-Datenbanksystem
subject: Benchmarking

description: The evolvement of cloud computing pushed the rethinking of traditional web service architecture from monolithic structures to distributed systems, which will benefit from the cloud offers such as resource pooling or rapid elasticity. Whereas the distribution of the mostly stateless business logic services fits well for distribution in the cloud, the distribution of stateful database services is more challenging. Hence in parallel to the evolvement of cloud computing, distributed databases moved in the focus of academia and industry with the result of variety of distributed database systems, which can be classified in relational databases, NoSQL and NewSQL database systems. Theoretically the current representatives of these three database system classes claim to provide elasticity and “unlimited” horizontal scalability. As the characteristics elasticity and scalability match the cloud offerings, distributed databases seem to be a perfect match for implementing Database-as-a-Service systems (DBaaS). However, academia and industry have already proven significant differences in the elasticity and scalability of distributed databases in specific scenarios. As the cloud stack adds adds another level of complexity to the evaluation of distributed databases, an advanced evaluation framework is required to enable comparable and reproducible evaluations of distributed databases in the cloud. In this context a new approach towards a cloudcentric evaluation framework for distributed databases is proposed, encompassing a model-driven evaluation methodology, an evaluation execution framework and a cloud-centric knowledge base for distributed database scalability and elasticity.
Declaration of Intention for Peter Costa
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1914

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by Peter Costa. Applicant lists himself as a 21 year old butcher residing in  Hammonton, New Jersey, born in Gesso, Italy on 4 November 1892, who sailed on the US bound vessel Germania. Declaration submitted and sworn October 8, 1914.
Trioxys asiaticus Telenga 1953
Creators: name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
name: Barahoei, Hossein
name: Ahmad, Zubair
name: Starý, Petr
name: Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa
name: Mehrparvar, Mohsen
name: Kavallieratos, Nickolas G.
name: Čkrkić, Jelisaveta
name: Tomanović, Željko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Trioxys
Trioxys asiaticus

description: Trioxys asiaticus Telenga, 1953
Figs 63, 165, 265, 364, 465, 602
Host records
Acyrthosiphon gossypii Mordvilko (Mackauer 1960; Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2008c; Talebi et al. 2009; Barahoei et al. 2013); Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Barahoei et al. 2013).
Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa
Iran (Mackauer 1960; Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000; Talebi et al. 2009; Barahoei et al. 2013).
General distribution
Eastern Palaearctic.
description: Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 49, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562
Zeta-Funktionen in der Physik - eine Einführung
Creators: name: Schiekel, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Wärmekern
subject: Spectral functions
subject: Zeta functions
subject: Physics
subject: DDC 530 / Physics
subject: Functions, zeta
subject: Regularisierung
subject: Renormierung
subject: Zetafunktion

description: "Zetafunctions in Physics - an Introduction" is an introductory monograph about Riemann-Zetafunction, Spectral Zetafunctions and Dynamical Zetafunctions in Physics on an advanced undergraduate level. Topics are: harmonic oszillator (not much surprising), phase operators and coherent states, pathintegrals of single- and many-particle systems, regularization with Spectral Zetafunction and Casimir-effect, heat-kernel-expansion and regularization and renormalization of the Phi(4,4)-theory in 1-loop approximation, Dynamical or Ruelle Zetafunctions in dynamical systems and Gutzwillers traceformula. Mathematical appendices deal with: Gammafunction, Riemann-Zetafunction, Mellin-transformation, asymptotic expansions, heat-kernel-expansion and (analytic) index-theorem for elliptic differential operators, Fredholm-theory of elliptic pseudo-differential operators. Due to the didactic intention of this introduction all proofs are worked out in details. So, enjoy yourself!