cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multi-object scene completion using view-based network predictions
Creators: name: Nicastro, Andrea
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Recent years have witnessed a commoditisation of autonomous robots. Almost-self-driving cars ride the roads and vacuum cleaners roam freely in houses. While these advancements showcase the navigation of an agent within the world, more complex interactions are yet to be unlocked. More complex tasks, such as manipulation, require an additional layer of abstraction of how the world is represented. An agent is not trying to navigate an environment, any more. Rather, the agent interacts with entities and tries to control their state. The nature of the agents depends on the task. For example, manipulation tasks involve handling objects. The state of the agent and a representation of the world are the basic building block of a task execution pipeline. Visual Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping (Visual SLAM) coupled with three-dimensional reconstruction algorithms have proven effective in building a dense representation of the geometry of the environment. However, reconstructing objects and scenes can take time and can delay the execution of actions. Hence, this thesis elaborates on the concept of reconstructing objects and, specifically, on how to recover the complete shape of objects from incomplete geometry. While different shape representations exist, such as voxels and meshes, this document explores the use of two-dimensional representations of geometry, such as depths and thickness images. Moreover, here it is suggested a multiple-stage pipeline to break a scene into entities before recovering missing information.
Screening model for nanowire surface-charge sensors in liquid
Creators: name: Sorensen, Martin H.
name: Mortensen, Niels Asger
name: Brandbyge, Mads
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conductance change of nanowire field-effect transistors is considered a highly sensitive probe for surface charge. However, Debye screening of relevant physiological liquid environments challenge device performance due to competing screening from the ionic liquid and nanowire charge carriers. We discuss this effect within Thomas-Fermi and Debye-Huckel theory and derive analytical results for cylindrical wires which can be used to estimate the sensitivity of nanowire surface-charge sensors. We study the interplay between the nanowire radius, the Thomas-Fermi and Debye screening lengths, and the length of the functionalization molecules. The analytical results are compared to finite-element calculations on a realistic geometry.
description: 4 pages including 2 figures. Accepted for APL
A Conversation with Seymour Geisser
Creators: name: Christensen, Ronald
name: Johnson, Wesley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Seymour Geisser received his bachelor's degree in Mathematics from the City College of New York in 1950, and his M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in Mathematical Statistics at the University of North Carolina in 1952 and 1955, respectively. He then held positions at the National Bureau of Standards and the National Institute of Mental Health until 1961. From 1961 until 1965, he was Chief of the Biometry Section at the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, and also held the position of Professorial Lecturer at the George Washington University from 1960 to 1965. From 1965 to 1970, he was the founding Chair of the Department of Statistics at the State University of New York, Buffalo, and in 1971, he became the founding Director of the School of Statistics at the University of Minnesota, remaining in that position until 2001. He held visiting professorships at Iowa State University, 1960; University of Wisconsin, 1964; University of Tel-Aviv (Israel), 1971; University of Waterloo (Canada), 1972; Stanford University, 1976, 1977, 1988; Carnegie Mellon University, 1976; University of the Orange Free State (South Africa), 1978, 1993; Harvard University, 1981; University of Chicago, 1985; University of Warwick (England), 1986; University of Modena (Italy), 1996; and National Chiao Tung University (Taiwan), 1998. He was the Lady Davis Visiting Professor, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 1991, 1994, 1999, and the Schor Scholar, Merck Research Laboratories, 2002-2003. He was a Fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics and the American Statistical Association.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/088342307000000131 the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Artificial social constructivism for long term human computer interaction
Creators: name: Milanovic, Kristina
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Connected devices, like smart speakers or autonomous vehicles, are becoming more common within society. As interactions with these devices increase, the likelihood of encountering errors will also increase. Errors are inevitable in any system but can be unexpected by human users and therefore can lead to trust breakdowns. This thesis proposes a new socio-technical system theory based on social constructivism which would encourage human users to continue using smart devices after unexpected errors occur and recover trust. The theory, called Artificial Social Constructivism (ASC), hypothesises that mutual education of the human and computer agents creates a relationship between them that allows norms and values to be created and maintained within the system, even in the face of errors. Nine online experiments were conducted with a total of 4771 unique participants to investigate the computational viability of ASC. The experiments were framed as coordination games between a human and an artificial intelligence (AI) player. Participants undertook training then played a game with the AI player. During the game they encountered an unexpected error. While the type of training did not reduce negative feedback, undertaking any form of training changed participants’ attitudes and responses. Participants who undertook training blamed themselves more than the AI player for the unexpected error and increasingly blamed themselves as the task difficulty increased. Participants who undertook training were additionally 1.5 times more likely than to change their responses to align with the AI player’s when considering norms and 2.5 times more likely when it came to values. The experimental results supported the concept that an element of education caused participants to blame the AI player less for errors. ASC could therefore be implemented as a computational model. However, it may be necessary to address users’ preconceived expectations of AI beforehand to prevent unethical applications of the theory.
Dominant aerosol processes during high-pollution episodes over Greater Tokyo
Creators: name: Sartelet, Karine
name: Hayami, Hiroshi
name: Sportisse, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper studies two high-pollution episodes over Greater Tokyo: 9 and 10 December 1999, and 31 July and 1 August 2001. Results obtained with the chemistry-transport model (CTM) Polair3D are compared to measurements of inorganic PM2.5. To understand to which extent the aerosol processes modeled in Polair3D impact simulated inorganic PM2.5, Polair3D is run with different options in the aerosol module, e.g. with/without heterogeneous reactions. To quantify the impact of processes outside the aerosol module, simulations are also done with another CTM (CMAQ). In the winter episode, sulfate is mostly impacted by condensation, coagulation, long-range transport, and deposition to a lesser extent. In the summer episode, the effect of long-range transport largely dominates. The impact of condensation/evaporation is dominant for ammonium, nitrate and chloride in both episodes. However, the impact of the thermodynamic equilibrium assumption is limited. The impact of heterogeneous reactions is large for nitrate and ammonium, and taking heterogeneous reactions into account appears to be crucial in predicting the peaks of nitrate and ammonium. The impact of deposition is the same for all inorganic PM2.5. It is small compared to the impact of other processes although it is not negligible. The impact of nucleation is negligible in the summer episode, and small in the winter episode. The impact of coagulation is larger in the winter episode than in the summer episode, because the number of small particles is higher in the winter episode as a consequence of nucleation.
description: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (15/05/2007) in press
Measuring the Broad-band X-Ray Spectrum from 400 eV to 40 keV in the Southwest Part of the Supernova Remnant RX J1713.7-3946
Creators: name: Takahashi, Tadayuki
name: Tanaka, Takaaki
name: Uchiyama, Yasunobu
name: Hiraga, Junko S.
name: Nakazawa, Kazuhiro
name: Watanabe, Shin
name: Bamba, Aya
name: Hughes, John P.
name: Katagiri, Hideaki
name: Kataoka, Jun
name: Kokubun, Motohide
name: Koyama, Katsuji
name: Mori, Koji
name: Petre, Robert
name: Takahashi, Hiromitsu
name: Tsuboi, Yoko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on results from Suzaku broadband X-ray observations of the southwest part of the Galactic supernova remnant (SNR) RX J1713.7-3946 with an energy coverage of 0.4-40 keV. The X-ray spectrum, presumably of synchrotron origin, is known to be completely lineless, making this SNR ideally suited for a detailed study of the X-ray spectral shape formed through efficient particle acceleration at high speed shocks. With a sensitive hard X-ray measurement from the HXD PIN on board Suzaku, we determine the hard X-ray spectrum in the 12--40 keV range to be described by a power law with photon index Gamma = 3.2+/- 0.2, significantly steeper than the soft X-ray index of Gamma = 2.4+/- 0.05 measured previously with ASCA and other missions. We find that a simple power law fails to describe the full spectral range of 0.4-40 keV and instead a power-law with an exponential cutoff with hard index Gamma = 1.50+/- 0.09 and high-energy cutoff epsilon_c = 1.2+/- 0.3 keV formally provides an excellent fit over the full bandpass. If we use the so-called SRCUT model, as an alternative model, it gives the best-fit rolloff energy of epsilon_{roll} = 0.95+/- 0.04 keV. Together with the TeV gamma-ray spectrum ranging from 0.3 to 100 TeV obtained recently by HESS observations, our Suzaku observations of RX J1713.7-3946 provide stringent constraints on the highest energy particles accelerated in a supernova shock.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan (PASJ)
"L'evoluzione del mercato europeo: la portualità e gli scambi"
Creators: name: Mettivier, Gennaro
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2011

description: L’Unione Europea è nata dalla necessità di tutelare e favorire gli scambi e quindi il mercato. Al suo interno quelli marittimi, da sempre importanti, hanno recentemente conquistato il mercato per dimensioni e prospettive. Il porto costituisce allo stesso tempo una secolare tradizione ed un elemento fondamentale per l’economia europea. L’emergere di grandi realtà asiatiche quali Singapore, Shangai, Hong Kong ha tuttavia messo in evidenza i limiti, le carenze e le necessità della portualità europea, ulteriormente aggravata dall’enorme divario tra South e Northern Range. Cosa farà ed ha fatto lʼEuropa per riacquistare forza nei confronti dei grandi concorrenti mondiali? In che modo si propone di rimuovere gli ostacoli che impediscono il suo rilancio? Quali iniziative intendono attuare i vari paesi per ritagliarsi uno spazio sullo scenario internazionale? La creazione di un modello di governance comunitario, la crescente specializzazione dei traffici, lo sviluppo dell’intermodalità sono solo alcune delle proposte più avanzate per restituire al vecchio continente competitività in questo vitale settore.
Il progetto di ricerca ha analizzato i più importanti aspetti della portualità in Europa tentando non solo di fornire un quadro esauriente del sistema, ma soprattutto di tratteggiarne le prospettive, avanzando contemporaneamente proposte e regole tese ad affrontare questioni che il mondo contemporaneo e l’economia globalizzata prospettano in modo drammatico.
Radio continuum properties of young planetary nebulae
Creators: name: Cerrigone, L.
name: Umana, G.
name: Trigilio, C.
name: Leto, P.
name: Buemi, C.
name: Hora, Joseph L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have selected a small sample of post-AGB stars in transition towards the planetary nebula and present new Very Large Array multi-frequency high-angular resolution radio observations of them. The multi-frequency data are used to create and model the targets' radio continuum spectra, proving that these stars started their evolution as very young planetary nebulae. In the optically thin range, the slopes are compatible with the expected spectral index (-0.1). Two targets (IRAS 18062+2410 and 17423-1755) seem to be optically thick even at high frequency, as observed in a handful of other post-AGB stars in the literature, while a third one (IRAS 20462+3416) shows a possible contribution from cold dust. In IRAS 18062+2410, where we have three observations spanning a period of four years, we detect an increase in its flux density, similar to that observed in CRL 618. High-angular resolution imaging shows bipolar structures that may be due to circumstellar tori, although a different hypothesis (i.e., jets) could also explain the observations. Further observations and monitoring of these sources will enable us to test the current evolutionary models of planetary nebulae.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
A Conversation with Monroe Sirken
Creators: name: Graubard, Barry I.
name: Levy, Paul S.
name: Willis, Gordon B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Born January 11, 1921 in New York City, Monroe Sirken grew up in a suburb of Pasadena, California. He earned B.A. and M.A. degrees in sociology at UCLA in 1946 and 1947, and a Ph.D. in 1950 in sociology with a minor in mathematics at the University of Washington in 1950 where Professor Z. W. Birnbaum was his mentor and thesis advisor. As a Post-Doctoral Fellow of the Social Science Research Council, Monroe spent 1950--1951 at the Statistics Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley and the Office of the Assistant Director for Research, U.S. Bureau of the Census in Suitland, Maryland. Monroe visited the Census Bureau at a time of great change in the use of sampling and survey methods, and decided to remain. He began his government career there in 1951 as a mathematical statistician, and moved to the National Office of Vital Statistics (NOVS) in 1953 where he was an actuarial mathematician and a mathematical statistician. He has held a variety of research and administrative positions at the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) and he was the Associate Director, Research and Methodology and the Director, Office of Research and Methodology until 1996 when he became a senior research scientist, the title he currently holds. Aside from administrative responsibilities, Monroe's major professional interests have been conducting and fostering survey and statistical research responsive to the needs of federal statistics. His interest in the design of rare and sensitive population surveys led to the development of network sampling which improves precision by linking multiple selection units to the same observation units. His interest in fostering research on the cognitive aspects of survey methods led to the establishment of permanent questionnaire design research laboratories, first at NCHS and later at other federal statistical agencies here and abroad.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-STS245 the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Facing long-branch anxiety and outgroup prejudice in the phylogenomic analysis of *Flaviviridae*
Creators: name: Machado, Denis Jacob
name: de Bernardi Schneider, Adriano
name: Janies, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Viral evolution
arbovirus
Flaviviridae
Flavivirus
phylogenomics
annotation

description: Facing long-branch anxiety and outgroup prejudice in the phylogenomic analysis of Flaviviridae

This talk was given at the XXXVIII Annual Meeting of the Willi Hennig Society at Berkeley, CA, USA on May 30rd, 2019.

Authors

	Denis JACOB MACHADO

	Adriano DE BERNARDI SCHNEIDER

	Daniel JANIES

Correspondence

Send emails to Denis at dmachado [at] uncc.edu.

Web site for the presentation

Visit https://denisjacobmachado.wixsite.com/flavi.

Supplementary material

	Slide presentation

	LaTeX project from Overleaf

	Full size images
Ancora su Ars Nova e Stilnovo (a più di cinquant’anni dalle osservazioni di Nino Pirrotta)*
Creators: name: Epifani, Michele
Publisher: name: Pavia University Press - Edizioni dell'Università degli Studi di Pavia
Year: 2023

description: L’articolo intende affrontare i rapporti tra Ars Nova italiana e Stilnovo, rileggendo alla luce delle acquisizioni più recenti un celebre saggio di Nino Pirrotta, Ars Nova e stil novo, pubblicato nel 1965. L’occasione permette di affrontare la questione delle origini dell’Ars Nova, poiché lo scarto cronologico tra i due fenomeni ammette solo in questa fase la possibilità di un qualche contatto diretto tra i primi esponenti dell’Ars Nova e gli stilnovisti. Nello specifico, un rapporto con lo Stilnovo si può immaginare considerando l’Ars Nova italiana come il prodotto della convergenza di due tradizioni: quella delle intonazioni monodiche di poesia lirica a tradizione orale e quella propriamente polifonica che scaturisce dalla ricezione dell’Ars Antiqua, per lo più confinata a contesti liturgici, paraliturgici e celebrativi.
description: Philomusica on-line, Vol 22, N° 1 (2023): Musica e letteratura al tempo di Dante
Intensity of parametric fluorescence pumped by ultrashort pulses
Creators: name: Chwedeńczuk, Jan
name: Wasilewski, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate intensity of the parametric down conversion of ultrashort, ultraviolet pulse both in a low- and high-conversion regime. In the first regime, we develop a simple analytical expressions for the photon flux of the fluorescence. Numerical simulations using three-dimensional stochastic Wigner method provide results in the latter regime. We find that the perturbative approximation for the photon flux as a function of the wavelength of the signal and the observation angle, quantitatively describes even the non-perturbative regime. For short pump pulses the intensity of the fluorescence is highest at frequencies where the group velocities of the pump and the down-conversion are equal. For longer pump pulses this requirement is gradually relaxed. Additionally, for small pump beams, the intensity strongly depends on the spatial divergence between interacting fields.
Note on exponential families of distributions
Creators: name: Brody, Dorje C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that an arbitrary probability distribution can be represented in exponential form. In physical contexts, this implies that the equilibrium distribution of any classical or quantum dynamical system is expressible in grand canonical form.
description: 5 pages
Waiting time models of cancer progression
Creators: name: Gerstung, Moritz
name: Beerenwinkel, Niko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cancer progression is an evolutionary process that is driven by mutation and selection in a population of tumor cells. We discuss mathematical models of cancer progression, starting from traditional multistage theory. Each stage is associated with the occurrence of genetic alterations and their fixation in the population. We describe the accumulation of mutations using conjunctive Bayesian networks, an exponential family of waiting time models in which the occurrence of mutations is constrained to a partial temporal order. Two opposing limit cases arise if mutations either follow a linear order or occur independently. We derive exact analytical expressions for the waiting time until a specific number of mutations have accumulated in these limit cases as well as for the general conjunctive Bayesian network. Finally, we analyze a stochastic population genetics model that explicitly accounts for mutation and selection. In this model, waves of clonal expansions sweep through the population at equidistant intervals. We present an approximate analytical expression for the waiting time in this model and compare it to the results obtained for the conjunctive Bayesian networks.
Reply to `Can infrared gravitons screen $Λ$?'
Creators: name: Tsamis, N. C.
name: Woodard, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reply to the recent criticism by Garriga and Tanaka of our proposal that quantum gravitational loop corrections may lead to a secular screening of the effective cosmological constant. Their argument rests upon a renormalization scheme in which the composite operator $(R \sqrt{-g} - 4 Λ\sqrt{-g} )_{\rm ren}$ is defined to be the trace of the renormalized field equations. Although this is a peculiar prescription, we show that it {\it does not preclude secular screening}. Moreover, we show that a constant Ricci scalar {\it does not even classically} imply a constant expansion rate. Other important points are: (1) the quantity $R_{\rm ren}$ of Garriga and Tanaka is neither a properly defined composite operator, nor is it constant; (2) gauge dependence does not render a Green's function devoid of physical content; (3) scalar models on a non-dynamical de Sitter background (for which there is no gauge issue) can induce arbitrarily large secular contributions to the stress tensor; (4) the same secular corrections appear in observable quantities in quantum gravity; and (5) the prospects seem good for deriving a simple stochastic formulation of quantum gravity in which the leading secular effects can be summed and for which the expectation values of even complicated, gauge invariant operators can be computed at leading order.
description: 17 pages, no figures, uses LaTeX 2epsilon. Version 2 adds important points about R_ren being neither finite nor constant, and that a constant Ricci scalar is not even classically an indicator of de Sitter expansion. Version 3 corrects some typoes and updates the references
Wandering in five-dimensional curved superspace
Creators: name: Kuzenko, Sergei M.
name: Tartaglino-Mazzucchelli, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a brief review of the superspace formulation for five-dimensional N=1 matter-coupled supergravity recently developed by the authors.
description: 10 pages, LaTeX, Contribution to the proceedings of the Third Workshop of the RTN project "Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe," Valencia, October 1-5, 2007; V2: typo above eq. (26) corrected
Nonhomogeneous magnetization and superconductivity in superconductor-ferromagnet structures
Creators: name: Bergeret, F. S.
name: Volkov, A. F.
name: Efetov, K. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two different superconductor-ferromagnet (S/F) structures. We consider first a Josephson junction which consists of two S/F bilayers separated by an insulating layer. We show that for an antiparallel alignment of the magnetization in the two F layers the Josephson critical current $I_c$ increases with increasing exchange field $h$. The second system we consider is a S/F structure with a local inhomogeneity of the magnetization in the ferromagnet near the S/F interface. Due to the proximity effect not only a singlet but also a triplet component of the superconducting condensate is induced in the ferromagnet. The latter penetrates over the length $\sqrt{D/ε}$ ($D$ is the diffusion coefficient and $ε$ the energy). In the case of temperatures of the order of the Thouless energy this length is comparable to the length of the ferromagnet. This long-range penetration leads to a significant increase of the ferromagnet conductance below the superconducting critical temperature $T_c$. Contrary to the case of the singlet component, the contribution to the conductance due to the odd triplet component is not zero at $T = 0$ and $V = 0$ ($V$ is the voltage) and decays with increasing temperature T in a monotonic way
Astrophysical relevance of $γ$ transition energies
Creators: name: Rauscher, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relevant gamma energy range is explicitly identified where additional gamma$ strength has to be located for having an impact on astrophysically relevant reactions. It is shown that folding the energy dependences of the transmission coefficients and the level density leads to maximal contributions for gamma energies of 2<=E_gamma<=4 MeV unless quantum selection rules allow isolated states to contribute. Under this condition, electric dipole transitions dominate. These findings allow to more accurately judge the relevance of modifications of the γstrength for astrophysics.
description: 5 pages, 11 figures, version accepted as a Rapid Communication in Phys. Rev. C
Time Domain Astronomy with the THESEUS Satellite
Creators: name: Mereghetti, S.
name: Balman, S.
name: Caballero-Garcia, M.
name: Del Santo, M.
name: Doroshenko, V.
name: Erkut, M. H.
name: Hanlon, L.
name: Hoeflich, P.
name: Markowitz, A.
name: Osborne, J. P.
name: Pian, E.
name: Sandoval, L. Rivera
name: Webb, N.
name: Amati, L.
name: Ambrosi, E.
name: Beardmore, A. P.
name: Blain, A.
name: Bozzo, E.
name: Burderi, L.
name: Campana, S.
name: Casella, P.
name: D'Aì, A.
name: D'Ammando, F.
name: De Colle, F.
name: Della Valle, M.
name: De Martino, D.
name: Di Salvo, T.
name: Doyle, M.
name: Esposito, P.
name: Frontera, F.
name: Gandhi, P.
name: Ghisellini, G.
name: Gotz, D.
name: Grinberg, V.
name: Guidorzi, C.
name: Hudec, R.
name: Iaria, R.
name: Izzo, L.
name: Jaisawal, G. K.
name: Jonker, P.
name: Kong, A. K. H.
name: Krumpe, M.
name: Kumar, P.
name: Manousakis, A.
name: Marino, A.
name: Martin-Carrillo, A.
name: Mignani, R.
name: Miniutti, G.
name: Mundell, C. G.
name: Mukai, K.
name: Nucita, A. A.
name: O'Brien, P. T.
name: Orlandini, M.
name: Orio, M.
name: Palazzi, E.
name: Papitto, A.
name: Pintore, F.
name: Piranomonte, S.
name: Porquet, D.
name: Ricci, C.
name: Riggio, A.
name: Rigoselli, M.
name: Rodriguez, J.
name: Saha, T.
name: Sanna, A.
name: Santangelo, A.
name: Saxton, R.
name: Sidoli, L.
name: Stiele, H.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
name: Tavecchio, F.
name: Tiengo, A.
name: Tsygankov, S.
name: Turriziani, S.
name: Wijnands, R.
name: Zane, S.
name: Zhang, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: THESEUS is a medium size space mission of the European Space Agency, currently under evaluation for a possible launch in 2032. Its main objectives are to investigate the early Universe through the observation of gamma-ray bursts and to study the gravitational waves electromagnetic counterparts and neutrino events. On the other hand, its instruments, which include a wide field of view X-ray (0.3-5 keV) telescope based on lobster-eye focusing optics and a gamma-ray spectrometer with imaging capabilities in the 2-150 keV range, are also ideal for carrying out unprecedented studies in time domain astrophysics. In addition, the presence onboard of a 70 cm near infrared telescope will allow simultaneous multi-wavelegth studies. Here we present the THESEUS capabilities for studying the time variability of different classes of sources in parallel to, and without affecting, the gamma-ray bursts hunt.
description: Submitted to Experimental Astronomy
ADVANCEMENTS IN CONFIDENCE INTERVALS: A BETTER SOLUTION
Creators: name: Rishi, Kumar Subedi
name: James, Alexander Issos
Publisher: name: AYDEN JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Confidence intervals, binomial parameter, Wald interval, Clopper-Pearson interval, Score method, Bayesian methods.

description: Statistical inference often involves the construction of confidence intervals for binomial parameters, particularly the proportion (p). The most widely used approach is the Wald interval, which relies on sample proportion (p̂), sample size (n), and the quantile of the standard normal distribution (zα) to determine the interval. While seemingly straightforward, this method has limitations, especially when p is close to 0 or 1, and it performs poorly with small sample sizes. To address these issues, various alternative methods for building confidence intervals for p have been developed. The Clopper-Pearson "exact" interval guarantees a coverage probability of at least 1 - α for all possible p values. The Score method, discussed by Wilson and further improved by Guan, offers robustness and reduced fluctuations. Bayesian approaches have also proven effective. Additionally, methods like Arcsin, Logit, and Jeffres prior intervals, along with non-informative Bayesian priors, contribute to the toolbox of confidence interval construction techniques.

This article reviews these methods, discusses their strengths and weaknesses, and explores their applications in constructing confidence intervals for binomial proportions and related linear functions. It sheds light on the complexities underlying seemingly simple statistical inference tasks, emphasizing the importance of choosing appropriate methods based on sample characteristics and desired confidence levels.

Keywords: Confidence intervals, binomial parameter, Wald interval, Clopper-Pearson interval, Score method, Bayesian methods
Probing protoneutron star density profile from neutrino signals
Creators: name: Baldo, M.
name: Palmisano, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernovae of Type II is a phenomenon that occurs at the end of evolution of massive stars when the iron core of the star exceeds a mass limit. After collapse of the core under gravity the shock wave alone does not succeed in expelling the mass of the star and in this sense the role of neutrinos is the most important mechanism to do so. During the emission of neutrinos flavor conversion is possible, related the phenomenon of oscillations, which however depends directly on the particular density profile of the medium. In this paper we present results of numerical simulations of neutrino flavor conversion in protoneutron stars and after collapse. The probabilities of survival for a given flavor in a complete three-flavors framework is estimated through an algorithm which conserves unitarity to a high degree of accuracy. The sensitivity of the results to the different adopted models for the protoneutron star structure is examined in detail demonstrating how the neutrino signal could be used to check the validity of models.
description: 9 figures
Multi-Messenger Astrophysics with THESEUS in the 2030s
Creators: name: Ciolfi, Riccardo
name: Stratta, Giulia
name: Branchesi, Marica
name: Gendre, Bruce
name: Grimm, Stefan
name: Harms, Jan
name: Lamb, Gavin Paul
name: Martin-Carrillo, Antonio
name: McCann, Ayden
name: Oganesyan, Gor
name: Palazzi, Eliana
name: Ronchini, Samuele
name: Rossi, Andrea
name: Salafia, Om Sharan
name: Salmon, Lana
name: Ascenzi, Stefano
name: Capone, Antonio
name: Celli, Silvia
name: Dall'Osso, Simone
name: Di Palma, Irene
name: Fasano, Michela
name: Fermani, Paolo
name: Guetta, Dafne
name: Hanlon, Lorraine
name: Howell, Eric
name: Paltani, Stephane
name: Rezzolla, Luciano
name: Vinciguerra, Serena
name: Zegarelli, Angela
name: Amati, Lorenzo
name: Blain, Andrew
name: Bozzo, Enrico
name: Chaty, Sylvain
name: D'Avanzo, Paolo
name: De Pasquale, Massimiliano
name: Dereli-Bégué, Hüsne
name: Ghirlanda, Giancarlo
name: Gomboc, Andreja
name: Götz, Diego
name: Horvath, Istvan
name: Hudec, Rene
name: Izzo, Luca
name: Floch, Emeric Le
name: Li, Liang
name: Longo, Francesco
name: Komossa, S.
name: Kong, Albert K. H.
name: Mereghetti, Sandro
name: Mignani, Roberto
name: Nathanail, Antonios
name: O'Brien, Paul T.
name: Osborne, Julian P.
name: Pe'er, Asaf
name: Piranomonte, Silvia
name: Rosati, Piero
name: Savaglio, Sandra
name: Schüssler, Fabian
name: Sergijenko, Olga
name: Shao, Lijing
name: Tanvir, Nial
name: Turriziani, Sara
name: Urata, Yuji
name: van Putten, Maurice
name: Vergani, Susanna
name: Zane, Silvia
name: Zhang, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-messenger astrophysics is becoming a major avenue to explore the Universe, with the potential to span a vast range of redshifts. The growing synergies between different probes is opening new frontiers, which promise profound insights into several aspects of fundamental physics and cosmology. In this context, THESEUS will play a central role during the 2030s in detecting and localizing the electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave and neutrino sources that the unprecedented sensitivity of next generation detectors will discover at much higher rates than the present. Here, we review the most important target signals from multi-messenger sources that THESEUS will be able to detect and characterize, discussing detection rate expectations and scientific impact.
description: Submitted to Experimental Astronomy
DISTURBI DI CRESCITA DELL'AVAMBRACCIO DEL CANE. ESPERIENZE DI TERAPIA CON L'APPARATO DI ILIZAROV
Creators: name: Nardella, Laura
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2011

description: La chiusura prematura delle cartilagini epifisarie è una condizione patologica dell’accrescimento con una incidenza abbastanza elevata nei cani.
Le fisi dell’avambraccio sono le più colpite è, poiché questa regione anatomica è composta da due ossa a sviluppo sincrono, il ritardo della crescita di uno dei due segmenti scheletrici condiziona lo sviluppo armonico dell’altro, provocando deformità assiali di entità variabile a seconda della fase dello sviluppo in cui si verifica il disturbo.
Oltre ai danni estetici facilmente intuibili, le deformità assiali possono rendersi responsabili di gravi deficit funzionali legati principalmente all’ipometria e all’incongruità delle superfici articolari. I danni articolari, in modo particolare, producono conseguenze che accompagnano l’animale per tutta la vita; ogni lesione articolare, infatti, comporta inevitabilmente lo sviluppo di osteoartrosi che per sua natura è progressiva ed irreversibile
Il presente lavoro, si compone di una parte introduttiva in cui sinteticamente si descrive l’anatomia e l’istologia delle cartilagini di accrescimento del radio e dell’ulna. Successivamente, si prendono in esame le cause eziologiche e l’evoluzione patogenetica
dei vari tipi di chiusura prematura delle fisi dell’avambraccio, con particolare riferimento alle forme di origine traumatica.
Considerando quanto sia importante la diagnosi precoce di questi disturbi, sono state tracciate le linee guida per effettuare in modo sistematico l’esame clinico ed arrivare nei tempi più brevi possibile ad una corretta diagnosi.  Dopodiché, sono stai descritti i numerosi trattamenti chirurgici attualmente in uso per la cura delle deformità provocate dalla chiusura prematura delle fisi dell’avambraccio. In chiusura il lavoro esamina la casistica clinica sviluppata su cani con deformità dell’avambraccio causate da chiusura prematura delle fisi, trattate con l’applicazione di un impianto di fissazione scheletrica esterna circolare tipo Ilizarov.
Differential impact of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor antagonists on genes involved in synaptic plasticity and neural glucose metabolism: implication for psychosis.
Creators: name: Sarappa, Chiara
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2011

description: Background: NMDA-R-hypofunction (NRH) is considered one of the putative molecular mechanism involved in psychosis. Several studies show that an imbalance of dopamine–glutamate transmission has a key role in psychosis pathophysiology. Preclinical and clinical data indicate that NMDA-Rs antagonists may affect cortical and striatal pathways and animal models of NRH suggest profound changes in synaptic gene expression and in expression of genes involved in neural glucose metabolism. Our aim was to investigate the molecular changes putatively occurring in multiple biological systems in an animal model that has been widely used to resemble psychotic-like behaviors in preclinical studies.
Methods: 1) Gene expression of Hk1 (coding for the enzyme catalyzing glycolysis) and GLUT3 (coding for the main membrane transporter involved in glucose intake within neurons) were investigated in an acute paradigm after the administration of Ketamine (12mg/kg and 50mg/kg). 2) Gene expression of D1R-D2R-DAT were investigated in an acute paradigm after the administration of Ketamine (12mg/kg and 50mg/kg) and in a subchronic paradigm after the administration of ketamine (12mg/kg). 3) Gene expression of PSD-genes (Homer 1a, Homer 1b, Arc and PSD-95) and c-fos were investigated in an acute paradigm after the administration of Memantine (5mg/kg), MK-801 (0,8mg/kg), Ketamine (25mg/kg and 50mg/kg). We used male Sprague-Dawley rats and performed In Situ Hybridization Histochemistry in order to analyze gene expression for its quantitative and topographical pattern.
Results: Glucose metabolism may be impaired by ketamine, causing an increase in the expression of Hk1 gene, and a decrease in the expression of the GLUT3 as adaptive changes in glucose metabolism; acute ketamine reduces D1R expression while subchronic ketamine increases dopamine D2R and DAT expression as feedback mechanism to avoid hyperdopaminergia; memantine induces different and somewhat opposite molecular changes in PSD gene expression when compared to the fully NMDA-R antagonists ketamine and MK-801 activating, probably, divergent intracellular pathways and so explaining the divergent clinical outcomes of these compounds.
Conclusions: The overall conclusion that stems from the different paradigms investigated in this study and based on subanaesthetic ketamine administration model of psychosis in rats is that multiple changes in gene expression occur after NMDA-R-blockade in cortical and subcortical regions and affect the transcription of genes involved in glucose metabolism and dopamine-glutamate interaction.
Modelling the movement of transformed cell populations.
Creators: name: Fioretti, Francesca
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2011

description: The aim of this work was to analyze migrating cell populations, in search of motion models able to accurately describe the features of normal and transformed fibroblast movement, under different experimental conditions. Diverse diffusive models were evaluated, by fitting them to experimental datasets obtained by collecting quantitative data on cell direction and step length under standard culture condition as well as after introduction of a wound in the cell layer. The analysis showed that fibroblast movement has the features of a superdiffusion in all the examined cases, as the squared displacements scale superlinearly with time. The persistent random walk model fits all data from fibroblast populations, although a varying degree of persistence was found under different experimental conditions. For NIH3T3 fibroblasts, high persistence was always observed, while NIHRas fibroblasts showed lower persistence in non wound stimulated cultures compared to stimulated ones. In presence of a wound stimulus, directional analysis allowed to associate persistence with a marked ability of fibroblasts to move, all together, towards a specific direction defined by the wound stimulus. Another superdiffusive model, the Lévy walk, was not successful in describing NIH3T3 and NIHRas fibroblast populations.
The procedures have been made available within MotoCell, a web application previously developed to quantitatively study cell movement, in an effort to generate an effective tool, that can easily perform all the steps of a cell motility study, ranging from cell tracking, to descriptive statistics and model fit analysis.
Cluster state generation with atomic ensembles via the dipole blockade mechanism
Creators: name: Zwierz, Marcin
name: Kok, Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new scheme for cluster states generation based on atomic ensembles and the dipole blockade mechanism. The protocol requires identical single photon sources, one ensemble per physical qubit, and regular photodetectors. The general entangling procedure is presented, as well as a procedure that generates Q-qubit GHZ states with probability p ~ eta^{Q/2}, where eta is the combined detection and source efficiency. This is significantly more efficient than any known robust probabilistic entangling operation. The GHZ states form the basic building block for universal cluster states - a resource for the one-way quantum computer.
description: 4 pages and 4 figures, title of article changed
Ligia dioscorides Taiti & Ferrara 2004
Creators: name: Taiti, Stefano
name: Checcucci, Ilaria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Isopoda
Ligiidae
Ligia
Ligia dioscorides

description: Ligia dioscorides Taiti & Ferrara, 2004 Ligia dioscorides Taiti & Ferrara, 2004: 217, figs 1–4, pl. 2. Material examined . Socotra: 2 ♁♁, 8 ♀♀, Qaryah, 12°38'05.6"N 54°12'35.9"E, along wadi, near bridge, 14.I.2003, leg. S. Taiti & A. K. Nasher, MZUF-9197; 10 ♀♀, same data, NHCY (MZUF); 2 ♁♁, 4 ♀♀, Ras Momi, wadi Erher, 12°33'02.7"N 54°27'35.7"E, 16.I.2003, leg. S. Taiti, MZUF-9198; 1 ♁, 5 ♀♀, 2 juvs, same data, NHCY (MZUF); 1♁, 3 ♀♀, Qalansiya Lagoon, Detwah Protected Area, 12°41'55.4"N 53°29'58.1"E, 20.I.2003, leg. S. Taiti, MZUF-9195; 1 ♁, 2 ♀♀, between Didum and Cabho, 12°34'42"N 54°24'20"E, 16.I.2003, leg. S. Taiti & A. K. Nasher, MZUF- 9196; 2 ♀♀, same data, NHCY (MZUF); 1 ♁, 3 ♀♀, 4 juvs, Erisseyl, 12°32'18.3"N 54°30'58.1"E, under seaweed on rocks, 17.I.2003, leg. S. Taiti, MZUF-9194. Distribution. Littoral species endemic to the Socotra Archipelago. It has been recorded from Socotra, Samha and Darsa islands. Family Tylidae
description: Published as part of Taiti, Stefano & Checcucci, Ilaria, 2009, New species and records of terrestrial Isopoda (Crustacea, Oniscidea) from Socotra Island, Yemen, pp. 73-103 in ZooKeys 31 (3) on page 78, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.31.140, http://zenodo.org/record/576582
description: {"references": ["Taiti S, Ferrara F (2004) The terrestrial Isopoda (Crustacea: Oniscidea) of the Socotra Archipelago. Fauna of Arabia 20: 211 - 325."]}
Densities and filling factors of the DIG in the Solar neighbourhood
Creators: name: Berkhuijsen, Elly M.
name: Mueller, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the first time we have combined dispersion measures and emission measures towards 38 pulsars at KNOWN distances from which we derived the mean electron density in clouds, N_c, and their volume filling factor, F_v, averaged along the line of sight. The emission measures were corrected for absorption by dust and contributions from beyond the pulsar distance. Results: The scale height of the electron layer for our sample is 0.93+/-0.13 kpc and the midplane electron density is 0.023+/-0.004 cm^-3, in agreement with earlier results. The average density along the line of sight is = 0.018+/-0.002 cm^-3 and nearly constant. Since = F_v N_c, an inverse relationship between F_v and N_c is expected. We find F_v(N_c) = (0.011+/-0.003) N_c^{-1.20+/-0.13}, which holds for the ranges N_c = 0.05-1 cm^-3 and F_v = 0.4-0.01. Near the Galactic plane the dependence of F_v on N_c is significantly stronger than away from the plane. F_v does not systematically change along or perpendicular to the Galactic plane, but the spread about the mean value of 0.08+/-0.02 is considerable. Conclusions: The inverse F_v-N_c relation is consistent with a hierarchical, fractal density distribution in the diffuse ionized gas (DIG) caused by turbulence. The observed near constancy of then is a signature of fractal structure in the ionized medium, which is most pronounced outside the thin disk.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
La ricezione di Dante a Firenze nella polifonia profana del secondo Trecento*
Creators: name: Calvia, Antonio
Publisher: name: Pavia University Press - Edizioni dell'Università degli Studi di Pavia
Year: 2023

description: Nel presente contributo si prendono in esame le modalità di riuso di materiale dantesco nella polifonia profana del Trecento, focalizzando l’attenzione su alcuni esempi che mostrano come la presenza di Dante nel repertorio arsnovistico fiorentino sia mediata non solo dall’opera di Francesco Petrarca ma anche dalla figura di Giovanni Boccaccio. Rispetto al più comune quadro delineato fino a oggi, in cui la memoria dantesca è quasi obliterata dalla presenza di Petrarca, si mostra come Boccaccio rimatore funga da mediatore nella lettura dantesca riscontrabile nei testi intonati dai polifonisti attivi nella Firenze del Trecento.
description: Philomusica on-line, Vol 22, N° 1 (2023): Musica e letteratura al tempo di Dante