cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
How non-equilibrium correlations in active matter reveal the topological crossover in glasses
Creators: name: Gradenigo, Giacomo
name: Paoluzzi, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As shown by early studies on mean-field models of the glass transition, the geometrical features of the energy landscape provide fundamental information on the dynamical transition at the Mode-Coupling temperature $T_d$. We show that active particles can serve as a useful tool for gaining insight into the topological crossover in model glass-formers. In such systems the landmark of the minima-to-saddle transition in the potential energy landscape, taking place in the proximity of $T_d$, is the critical slowing down of dynamics. Nevertheless, the critical slowing down is a bottleneck for numerical simulations and the possibility to take advantage of the new smart algorithms capable to thermalize down in the glass phase is attractive. Our proposal is to consider configurations equilibrated below the threshold and study their dynamics in the presence of a small amount of self-propulsion. As exemplified here from the study of the p-spin model, the presence of self-propulsion gives rise to critical off-equilibrium equal-time correlations at the minima-to-saddles crossover, correlations which are not hindered by the sluggish glassy dynamics.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Kontinuitäten und Brüche: Der lange Weg zu einer slowenischen Wirtschaftsgeschichte des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts
Creators: name: Lazarević, Žarko
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: The article delineates the development of Slovenian historiography on economic history relating to the 19th and 20th centuries. The author identifies as its fundamental feature the observation that it was, for a very long time, a rather marginalized subject. Research topics were limited, if not restricted, and mainly referred to the topic of industrialisation, while the framework of research and reference focused on Slovenia alone. Hence, the emergence of economic history as a recognisable discipline was also restricted by the given social context. After World War II and until the mid-1980s, economic history was limited by the framework of Communist interpretation patterns. As a realm of study, it began to take shape in the 1960s, the conceptual and methodological basis being of the traditional descriptive-positivistic kind. A re-structuring process became fully fledged in the early 1990s and coincided with the ongoing generational change among scholars. The number of researchers doubled, and so did the scope of research. Changes were gradual at both the conceptual and the methodological level, while it is impossible to speak of a prevailing pattern. By means of generalisation two major parallel methodological threads can be identified, one which sticks to the more traditional descriptive-positivist approach, and the other, emphasizing an ambitious problem-oriented treatment of phenomena observed over a longer period of time, and with aspirations towards inter-disciplinarity.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 41 (2009): Sozialgeschichte und soziale Bewegungen in Slowenien / Social History and Social Movements in Slovenia
กระบวนการสร้างพื้นที่ทางสังคมของนักศึกษาที่ต้องคดียาเสพติด
Creators: name: ปิยลักษณ์ โพธิวรรณ์
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2557
Subjects: การบำบัด, ยาเสพติด, อัตลักษณ์

description: 6, 33, วารสารมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์  มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
การศึกษาทดลองคุณสมบัติพื้นผิวจากส่วนประกอบของพืช  ในพื้นที่อำเภอเมือง จังหวัดสงขลา  เพื่อการสร้างสรรค์งานภาพพิมพ์
Creators: name: จิตตวดี  วรศรี
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2557
Subjects: พื้นผิว, ทัศนธาตุทางศิลปะ, ภาพพิมพ์วัสดุปะติด, องค์ความรู้

description: 6, 33, วารสารมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์  มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Simplified motional heating rate measurements of trapped ions
Creators: name: Epstein, R. J.
name: Seidelin, S.
name: Leibfried, D.
name: Wesenberg, J. H.
name: Bollinger, J. J.
name: Amini, J. M.
name: Blakestad, R. B.
name: Britton, J.
name: Home, J. P.
name: Itano, W. M.
name: Jost, J. D.
name: Knill, E.
name: Langer, C.
name: Ozeri, R.
name: Shiga, N.
name: Wineland, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured motional heating rates of trapped atomic ions, a factor that can influence multi-ion quantum logic gate fidelities. Two simplified techniques were developed for this purpose: one relies on Raman sideband detection implemented with a single laser source, while the second is even simpler and is based on time-resolved fluorescence detection during Doppler recooling. We applied these methods to determine heating rates in a microfrabricated surface-electrode trap made of gold on fused quartz, which traps ions 40 microns above its surface. Heating rates obtained from the two techniques were found to be in reasonable agreement. In addition, the trap gives rise to a heating rate of 300 plus or minus 30 per second for a motional frequency of 5.25 MHz, substantially below the trend observed in other traps.
Entanglement Entropy with Lifshitz Fermions
Creators: name: Hartmann, Dion
name: Kavanagh, Kevin
name: Vandoren, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate fermions with Lifshitz scaling symmetry and study their entanglement entropy in 1+1 dimensions as a function of the scaling exponent $z$. Remarkably, in the ground state the entanglement entropy vanishes for even values of $z$, whereas for odd values it is independent of $z$ and equal to the relativistic case with $z=1$. We show this using the correlation method on the lattice, and also using a holographic cMERA approach. The entanglement entropy in a thermal state is a more detailed function of $z$ and $T$ which we plot using the lattice correlation method. The dependence on the even- or oddness of $z$ still shows for small temperatures, but is washed out for large temperatures or large values of $z$.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
กระบวนการจัดการแหล่งท่องเที่ยวเชิงวัฒนธรรมในตลาดเก่า และตลาดนำ้เพื่อการท่องเที่ยว
Creators: name: กาญจนา เหล่าโชคชัยกุล
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2557
Subjects: ตลาดเก่าและตลาดน้ าเพื่อการท่องเที่ยว, กระบวนการจัดการแหล่งท่องเที่ยว

description: 2, 10, วารสารวิชาการการท่องเที่ยวไทยนานาชาติ
Void defect induced magnetism and structure change of carbon material-3, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Creators: name: Ota, Norio
name: Li, Aigen
name: Nemes, Laszlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Void-defect induced magnetism of graphene molecule was recently reported in our previous paper of this series study. This paper investigated the case of hydrogenated graphene molecule, in chemical term, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). Molecular infrared spectrum obtained by density functional theory was compared with astronomical observation. Void-defect on PAH caused serious structure change. Typical example of C23H12 had two carbon pentagon rings among hexagon networks. Stable spin state was non-magnetic singlet state. This is contrary to pure carbon case of C23, which show magnetic triplet state. It was discussed that Hydrogen played an important role to diminish magnetism by creating an SP3-bond among SP2-networks. Such a structure change affected molecular vibration and finally to photoemission spectrum in infrared region. The dication-C23H12 showed featured bands at 3.2, 6.3, 7.7, 8.6, 11.2, and 12.7 micrometer. It was surprising that those calculated bands coincided well with astronomically observed bands in many planetary nebulae. To confirm our study, large size molecule of C53H18 was studied. Calculation reproduced again similar astronomical bands. Also, small size molecule of C12H8 showed good coincidence with the spectrum observed for young stars. This paper would be the first report to indicate the specific PAH in space.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures, 1 table
Super-statistics and quantum entanglement in the isotropic spin-1/2 XX dimmer from a non-additive thermodynamics perspective
Creators: name: Castaño-Yepes, Jorge David
name: Ramirez-Gutierrez, Cristian Felipe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the impact of temperature fluctuations in the entanglement of two qubits described by a spin-1/2 XX model is studied. To describe the out-of-equilibrium situation, super-statistics is used with fluctuations given by a $χ^2$ distribution function, and its free parameters are chosen in such a way that resembles the non-additive Tsallis thermodynamics. In order to preserve the Legendre structure of the thermal functions, particular energy constraints are imposed on the density operator and the internal energy. Analytical results are obtained using an additional set of constraints after a parametrization of the physical temperature. We show that the well-known parametrization may lead to undesirable values of the physical temperature so that by analyzing the entropy as a function of energy, the correct values are found. The quantum entanglement is obtained from the Concurrence and is compared with the case when the Tsallis restrictions are not imposed on the density operator.
description: Tittled changed. Manuscript edited and discussion expanded
Radiation Due to Josephson Oscillations in Layered Superconductors
Creators: name: Bulaevskii, L. N.
name: Koshelev, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the power of direct radiation into free space induced by Josephson oscillations in intrinsic Josephson junctions of highly anisotropic layered superconductors. We consider the super-radiation regime for a crystal cut in the form of a thin slice parallel to the c-axis. We find that the radiation correction to the current-voltage characteristic in this regime depends only on crystal shape. We show that at large enough number of junctions oscillations are synchronized providing high radiation power and efficiency in the THz frequency range. We discuss crystal parameters and bias current optimal for radiation power and crystal cooling.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, to be published in Phys. Rev. Lett
การสำรวจมาตรฐานคุณภาพแหล่งท่องเที่ยวเชิงนิเวศในเขตอุทยานแห่งชาติ ปางสีดา จังหวัดสระแก้ว
Creators: name: ประยูร ดาศรี
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยเกษมบัณฑิต
Year: 2557
Subjects: การท่องเที่ยวเชิงนิเวศ, แหล่งท่องเที่ยวเชิงนิเวศ ,มาตรฐานคุณภาพแหล่งท่องเที่ยว

description: 2, 10, วารสารวิชาการการท่องเที่ยวไทยนานาชาติ
Framework for non-perturbative analysis of a Z(3)-symmetric effective theory of finite temperature QCD
Creators: name: Kurkela, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a three dimensional Z(3)-symmetric effective theory of high temperature QCD. The exact lattice-continuum relations, needed in order to perform lattice simulations with physical parameters, are computed to order O(a^0) in lattice perturbation theory. Lattice simulations are performed to determine the phase structure of a subset of the parameter space.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures; v3: references rearranged, typos corrected, figs changed, published version
Quantifying dynamical coherence with coherence measures
Creators: name: Kim, Sunho
name: Xiong, Chunhe
name: Kumar, Asutosh
name: Zhang, Guijun
name: Wu, Junde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum coherence, like entanglement, is a fundamental resource in quantum information. In recent years, remarkable progress has been made in formulating resource theory of coherence from a broader perspective. The notions of block-coherence and POVM-based coherence have been established. Certain challenges, however, remain to be addressed. It is difficult to define incoherent operations directly, without requiring incoherent states, which proves a major obstacle in establishing the resource theory of dynamical coherence. In this paper, we overcome this limitation by introducing an alternate definition of incoherent operations, induced via coherence measures, and quantify dynamical coherence based on this definition. Finally, we apply our proposed definition to quantify POVM-based dynamical coherence.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, close to published version
เครื่องตะบันนํ้าขนาด 1 ?"
Creators: name: วัชระ วงค์ปัญโญ
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2556
Subjects: เครื่องตะบันน้ำ, แหล่งน้ำธรรมชาติ

description: 5, 32, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
ความชุกของโรคหนอนพยาธิในประชากรที่ชุมชนรอบเขื่อนลำปาว จังหวัดกาฬสินธุ์
Creators: name: เทพอุทิศ กั้วสิทธิ์
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2557
Subjects: ความชุก, การติดเชื้อพยาธิในลำไส้เล็ก

description: 5, 33, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Pseudospin Magnetism in Graphene
Creators: name: Min, Hongki
name: Borghi, Giovanni
name: Polini, Marco
name: MacDonald, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict that neutral graphene bilayers are pseudospin magnets in which the charge density-contribution from each valley and spin spontaneously shifts to one of the two layers. The band structure of this system is characterized by a momentum-space vortex which is responsible for unusual competition between band and kinetic energies leading to symmetry breaking in the vortex core. We discuss the possibility of realizing a pseudospin version of ferromagnetic metal spintronics in graphene bilayers based on hysteresis associated with this broken symmetry.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; added figure 1, modified introduction and discussion; updated references
MOESM1 of The PI3K subunits, P110α and P110β are potential targets for overcoming P-gp and BCRP-mediated MDR in cancer
Creators: name: Zhang, Lei
name: Li, Yidong
name: Wang, Qianchao
name: Chen, Zhuo
name: Li, Xiaoyun
name: Wu, Zhuoxun
name: Hu, Chaohua
name: Liao, Dan
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Chen, Zhe-Sheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1 Model complex structure showing the interactions stabilizing BAY1082439/PIK3CA (A-C) and BAY-1082439/PIK3CB (D-F) complexes. (A) Domains and positions of BCRP binding with BAY-1082439. The region for binding to BAY-1082439 covers three functional domains of P110α, including Pro159-Tyr167 helix on the RAS binding domain (RBD), Cys257-Asp300 on the helical domain, Asn660-Ser673 helix and Met697-Leu761 helix-helix-turn structures on the C-terminal bilobal kinase domain, resulting in strong and specific inhibition on P110α catalytic subunit. (B) Polar interaction between BAY-1082439 and PIK3CA. Strong polar contact was unveiled between BAY-1082439 and Pro298 of P110α. (C) Spatial structure showing surface and residue groups for PIK3CA to dock with BAY-1082439. For the selective binding between BAY-1082439 and PI3K 110α (PIK3CA), the position for docking is possibly formed by a group of amino residues (Arg-162, Val-166, Tyr-167, Asp-258, Glu-259, Gln-296, Pro-298, ASP-300, MET-697, Tyr-698, His-701, Leu-752, Gln-760, etc.) with surface charges and cavity sizes that match BAY-1082439. (D) Domains and positions of PIK3CB binding with BAY-1082439. The site for docking of BAY-082439 and P110β involves residues Ala19-Arg114 on the adaptor-binding domain (ABD), Glu120-Ile130 helix on RBD, and Val703-Lys732 helix on N-lobe of the kinase domain. (E) Cavity structure and polar interaction between BAY-1082439 and PIK3CB. Besides shape complementarity, polar contacts exist between BAY-1082439 and Thr86, and between BAY-1082439 and Arg97. (F) Spatial structure showing surface and residue groups for PIK3CB to dock with BAY-1082439.
Constraints on Regge models from perturbation theory
Creators: name: Mondejar, Jorge
name: Pineda, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the constraints that the operator product expansion imposes on large $N_c$ inspired QCD models for current-current correlators. We focus on the constraints obtained by going beyond the leading-order parton computation. We explicitly show that, assumed a given mass spectrum: linear Regge behavior in $n$ (the principal quantum number) plus corrections in $1/n$, we can obtain the logarithmic (and constant) behavior in $n$ of the decay constants within a systematic expansion in $1/n$. Our example shows that it is possible to have different large $n$ behavior for the vector and pseudo-vector mass spectrum and yet comply with all the constraints from the operator product expansion.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures; two references added, numerical analysis extended, main conclusions unchanged
Spin and orbital magnetic response in metals: susceptibility and NMR shifts
Creators: name: d'Avezac, Mayeul
name: Marzari, Nicola
name: Mauri, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A DFT-based method is presented which allows the computation of all-electron NMR shifts of metallic compounds with periodic boundary conditions. NMR shifts in metals measure two competing physical phenomena. Electrons interact with the applied magnetic field (i) as magnetic dipoles (or spins), resulting in the Knight shift, (ii) as moving electric charges, resulting in the chemical (or orbital) shift. The latter is treated through an extension to metals of the Gauge Invariant Projector Augment Wave(GIPAW) developed for insulators. The former is modeled as the hyperfine interaction between the electronic spin polarization and the nuclear dipoles. NMR shifts are obtained with respect to the computed shieldings of reference compounds, yielding fully ab-initio quantities which are directly comparable to experiment. The method is validated by comparing the magnetic susceptibility of interacting and non-interacting homogeneous gas with known analytical results, and by comparing the computed NMR shifts of simple metals with experiment.
Quantitative LEED I-V and ab initio study of the Si(111)-3x2-Sm surface structure and the missing half order spots in the 3x1 diffraction pattern
Creators: name: Eames, C.
name: Probert, M. I. J.
name: Tear, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used Low Energy Electron Diffraction (LEED) I-V analysis and ab initio calculations to quantitatively determine the honeycomb chain model structure for the Si(111)-3x2-Sm surface. This structure and a similar 3x1 recontruction have been observed for many Alkali-Earth and Rare-Earth metals on the Si(111) surface. Our ab initio calculations show that there are two almost degenerate sites for the Sm atom in the unit cell and the LEED I-V analysis reveals that an admixture of the two in a ratio that slightly favours the site with the lower energy is the best match to experiment. We show that the I-V curves are insensitive to the presence of the Sm atom and that this results in a very low intensity for the half order spots which might explain the appearance of a 3x1 LEED pattern produced by all of the structures with a 3x2 unit cell.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures. Preliminary work presented at the the APS March meeting, Baltimore MD, 2006. To be published in Phys. Rev. B. April/May 2007
Fluorosulfate derivatives of niobium and tantalum and their behavior as components of novel superacid systems
Creators: name: Cicha, Walter Vladimir
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The goal of this study was to develop new superacid systems based on fluorosulfuric acid, HSO₃F, (the strongest monoprotonic Bronsted acid) and metal fluorosulfates capable of acting as Lewis acids. The in situ oxidation of niobium and tantalum in HSO₃F by bis(fluorosulfuryl) peroxide, S₂O₆F₂ resulted in the formation of the highly solvated Lewis acids M(SO₃F)₅ with M = Nb or Ta. Based on electrical conductivity measurements, both solutes were found to behave as moderately strong, monoprotonic acids in HSO₃F, with Ta(SO₃F)₅ the markedly stronger acid of the two. The Hammett Acidity Function, H₀, determined for the HSO₃F-Ta(SO₃F)₅ superacid system confirmed its high acidity, which clearly exceeds that of HSO₃F-SDF₅ ("Magic Acid"), the most frequently used superacid system. In addition, both the solubility and acidity in HSO₃F of the two new Lewis acids are vastly greater than those of the analogous fluorides, NbF₅ and TaF₅, in either HF or HSO₃F. The high solubility of Nb(SO₃F)₅ and Ta(SO₃F)₅ allowed the study of their solution behavior, using ¹H, ¹⁹F and ⁹³Nb NMR, as well as Raman spectroscopy. Evidence for the existence of M(SO₃F)₅, with M = Nb or Ta, comes from the synthesis of the salts Mx'[M(SO₃F)[sub 5+x]], with M' = Cs or Ba and x = 1 or 2, which were characterized by vibrational spectroscopy. Salts with anions of the types [M(SO₃F)₆] ⁻ or [M(SO₃F)₇]²⁻ have previously not been isolated. In solution, multicomponent equilibria appeared to be present between the anions [M(SO₃F)₆] ⁻ and [M(SO₃F)₇]²⁻ with M = Nb or Ta. Synthesis of TaF₄ (SO₃F) from a 4:1 mixture of TaF₅ and Ta(SO₃F)₅ in HSO₃F as well as the formation of NbF₂ (SO₃F)₃ from a concentrated solution of HSO₃F-Nb(SO₃F)₅ suggested the possibuity of a new family of superacid systems of the type HSO₃F-MF[sub x](SO₃F)[sub 5-x], with x = 1-4. Initial investigations are reported. In addition, preliminary work dealing with analogous trifluoromethyl sulfuric acid (HSO₃CF₃) systems is also discussed. During the course of this study, bis(fluorosulfuryl) peroxide (S₂O₆F₂) was found to behave as a weak base soluble only in acids stronger than 100% sulfuric acid. Addition of potassium fluorosulfate, KSO₃F, to reduce the acidity of HSO₃F also lowered the acid's ability to dissolve S₂O₆F₂. The HSO₃F- S₂O₆F₂ system was studied using Raman, IH and WF NMR, and ESR spectroscopy, which led to evidence for proton transfer, hydrogen-bridging and fluorosulfate exchange between the solvent (HSO₃F) and solute (S₂O₆F₂).
MOESM2 of The PI3K subunits, P110α and P110β are potential targets for overcoming P-gp and BCRP-mediated MDR in cancer
Creators: name: Zhang, Lei
name: Li, Yidong
name: Wang, Qianchao
name: Chen, Zhuo
name: Li, Xiaoyun
name: Wu, Zhuoxun
name: Hu, Chaohua
name: Liao, Dan
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Chen, Zhe-Sheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2 Activity of BAY-1082439 to alter the efflux property of P-gp and BCRP transporters in the MDR cancer cells. (A) ATPase variance of P-gp and BCRP at different concentrations of BAY-1082439. The curves corresponding to non- or low-toxic concentrations (0–10 μM) of BAY-1082439 used for MDR reversal studies was shown in magnified inset Figs. (B) Enhanced accumulation of doxorubicin within health KB-C2 and H460/MX80 cells incubated with BAY-1082439 (10 μM) and doxorubicin (0.2 μM) for less than 4 h, respectively, indicating the ability of BAY-1082439 to reverse cancer MDR. (C) BAY-1082439 induced severe cell death of MDR KB-C2 due to failure of efflux of doxorubicin during 72 h of drug treatment. The cells with especially high accumulation of DOX (red fluorescence) were detached from the plate and were distorted in cell shapes. The bright field image and fluorescent image showing the cells and DOX, respectively, were automatically merged with EVOS FL Auto Software Revision 1.7 to display distribution of DOX. DOX was used at 1 μM to provide drug pressure and typical cell viability (> 60%). BAY-1082439 was used at 10 μM.
Aromatics and Cyclic Molecules in Molecular Clouds: A New Dimension of Interstellar Organic Chemistry
Creators: name: McCarthy, Michael C.
name: McGuire, Brett A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astrochemistry lies at the nexus of astronomy, chemistry, and molecular physics. On the basis of precise laboratory data, a rich collection of more than 200 familiar and exotic molecules have been identified in the interstellar medium, the vast majority by their unique rotational fingerprint. Despite this large body of work, there is scant evidence in the radio band for the basic building blocks of chemistry on earth -- five and six-membered rings -- despite long standing and sustained efforts during the past 50 years. In contrast, a peculiar structural motif, highly unsaturated carbon in a chain-like arrangement, is instead quite common in space. The recent astronomical detection of cyanobenzene, the simplest aromatic nitrile, in the dark molecular cloud TMC-1, and soon afterwards in additional pre-stellar, and possibly protostellar sources, establishes that aromatic chemistry is likely widespread in the earliest stages of star formation. The subsequent discovery of cyanocyclopentadienes and even cyanonapthlenes in TMC-1 provides further evidence that organic molecules of considerable complexity are readily synthesized in regions with high visual extinction but where the low temperature and pressure are remarkably low. This review focuses on laboratory efforts now underway to understand the rich transition region between linear and planar carbon structures using microwave spectroscopy. We present key features, advantages, and disadvantages of current detection methods, a discussion of the types of molecules found in space and in the laboratory, and approaches under development to identify entirely new species in complex mixtures. Studies focusing on the cyanation of hydrocarbons and the formation of benzene from acyclic precursors are highlighted, as is the role that isotopic studies might play in elucidating the chemical pathways to ring formation.
description: Journal of Physical Chemistry A, accepted
Constraints on light scalars from PS191 results
Creators: name: Gorbunov, Dmitry
name: Krasnov, Igor
name: Suvorov, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the fixed target experiment PS191 operating on a proton beam of 19.2 GeV at CERN in the eighties was sensitive to hypothetical light scalars produced by mesons and decaying to charged particles. The experiment was dedicated to searches for sterile neutrinos produced in weak meson decays and decaying into final states with pairs of charged particles: electrons and muons. Two charged tracks from the same point have been adopted as the signal signature. Exploiting the same signature we use the negative results of searches at PS191 and place new limits on the light scalars coupled to the Standard Model (SM) particles via mixing with the Higgs boson. In particular, previously allowed region of masses 100--150 MeV and mixing above 4$\times 10^{-4}$ is disfavored. Our analysis can be extended straightforwardly to models with other patterns of scalar couplings to SM particles.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures; v2: replaced with journal version
Cahiers de lexicologie. 1987-1, n° 50
Creators: name: (:Unap)
Publisher: name: Classiques Garnier
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Lexique
subject: Lexicographie
subject: Sémantique
subject: Traduction
subject: Linguistique historique

description: Les Cahiers de lexicologie, revue internationale de lexicologie et de lexicographie, s'intéressent au lexique dans ses relations avec les autres composantes de la langue (syntaxe, sémantique, morphologie, phonologie, discours…), tant du point de vue théorique que de leurs applications, notamment pour ce qui concerne le traitement informatique de la langue.
description: The Cahiers de lexicologie, international review of lexicology and lexicography, studies vocabulary in its relation to other aspects of language (syntax, semantics, morphology, phonology, speech...), both from a theoretical point of view and in practical applications, notably concerning computer treatment of language.
Cahiers de lexicologie. 1992-1, n° 60
Creators: name: (:Unap)
Publisher: name: Classiques Garnier
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Lexique
subject: Lexicographie
subject: Sémantique
subject: Traduction
subject: Linguistique historique

description: Les Cahiers de lexicologie, revue internationale de lexicologie et de lexicographie, s'intéressent au lexique dans ses relations avec les autres composantes de la langue (syntaxe, sémantique, morphologie, phonologie, discours…), tant du point de vue théorique que de leurs applications, notamment pour ce qui concerne le traitement informatique de la langue.
description: The Cahiers de lexicologie, international review of lexicology and lexicography, studies vocabulary in its relation to other aspects of language (syntax, semantics, morphology, phonology, speech...), both from a theoretical point of view and in practical applications, notably concerning computer treatment of language.
Cahiers de lexicologie. 1998-2, n° 73
Creators: name: (:Unap)
Publisher: name: Classiques Garnier
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Lexique
subject: Lexicographie
subject: Sémantique
subject: Traduction
subject: Linguistique historique

description: Les Cahiers de lexicologie, revue internationale de lexicologie et de lexicographie, s'intéressent au lexique dans ses relations avec les autres composantes de la langue (syntaxe, sémantique, morphologie, phonologie, discours…), tant du point de vue théorique que de leurs applications, notamment pour ce qui concerne le traitement informatique de la langue.
description: The Cahiers de lexicologie, international review of lexicology and lexicography, studies vocabulary in its relation to other aspects of language (syntax, semantics, morphology, phonology, speech...), both from a theoretical point of view and in practical applications, notably concerning computer treatment of language.
Spatially localized nuclear magnetic resonance
Creators: name: Briand, Jacques
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The work presented in this thesis has involved the development and experimental implementation of a new method incorporating Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) methodology, and which enables a volume to be accurately defined and non-invasively interrogated within a larger object, by a sequence of radiofrequency (RF) and linear magnetic field gradient pulses. The most important feature of the VOISINER (volume of interest by selective inversion, excitation and refocusing) sequence is its flexibility with respect to the location and size of the region of interest. The spatial coordinates and the size of the volume of interest can be directly selected from conventional NMR images and then converted into the VOISINER sequence by an appropriate setting of the radiofrequency carrier frequencies of the frequency-selective RF pulses and an appropriate scaling of the field gradient strengths used during those RF pulses. As part of the experimental protocol, the VOISINER sequence was actually combined with conventional spin echo imaging in order to facilitate the selection of the region of interest and the optimization of the spatial sensitivity profile of the localization process. The applicability of the VOISINER sequence was then examined under various experimental conditions in order to evaluate the factors that can deteriorate or improve the efficiency of its spatial selectivity and detection sensitivity. Potential extensions of the VOISINER technique for extracting a variety of high-resolution NMR information have been explored and experimentally demonstrated by combining it with conventional NMR methodology. In particular, it was combined with the inversion recovery method to measure on a model system, spatially localized spin-lattice (T₁) relaxation times. With regard to imaging, studies of a model system have been used to evaluate the technical prospects for using the VOISINER sequence as the basis for high-resolution imaging of small regions within a large object. Finally, to demonstrate that the technique is applicable for studies of living systems, it was tested on a human forearm and spatially localized ¹H high-resolution spectra were successfully obtained from muscle tissue and bone marrow.
Intrinsic nature of chiral charge order in the kagome superconductor RbV3Sb5
Creators: name: Shumiya, Nana
name: Hossain, Md Shafayat
name: Yin, Jia-Xin
name: Jiang, Yu-Xiao
name: Ortiz, Brenden R.
name: Liu, Hongxiong
name: Shi, Youguo
name: Yin, Qiangwei
name: Lei, Hechang
name: Zhang, Songtian S.
name: Chang, Guoqing
name: Zhang, Qi
name: Cochran, Tyler A.
name: Multer, Daniel
name: Litskevich, Maksim
name: Cheng, Zi-Jia
name: Yang, Xian P.
name: Guguchia, Zurab
name: Wilson, Stephen D.
name: Hasan, M. Zahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductors with kagome lattices have been identified for over 40 years, with a superconducting transition temperature TC up to 7K. Recently, certain kagome superconductors have been found to exhibit an exotic charge order, which intertwines with superconductivity and persists to a temperature being one order of magnitude higher than TC. In this work, we use scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to study the charge order in kagome superconductor RbV3Sb5. We observe both a 2x2 chiral charge order and nematic surface superlattices (predominantly 1x4). We find that the 2x2 charge order exhibits intrinsic chirality with magnetic field tunability. Defects can scatter electrons to introduce standing waves, which couple with the charge order to cause extrinsic effects. While the chiral charge order resembles that discovered in KV3Sb5, it further interacts with the nematic surface superlattices that are absent in KV3Sb5 but exist in CsV3Sb5.
The fast non-ferric kicker system for the Muon $g-2$ Experiment at Fermilab
Creators: name: Schreckenberger, A. P.
name: Allspach, D.
name: Barak, D.
name: Bohn, J.
name: Bradford, C.
name: Cauz, D.
name: Chang, S. P.
name: Chapelain, A.
name: Chappa, S.
name: Charity, S.
name: Chislett, R.
name: Esquivel, J.
name: Ferrari, C.
name: Fioretti, A.
name: Gabbanini, C.
name: Galati, M. D.
name: Gibbons, L.
name: Holzbauer, J. L.
name: Incagli, M.
name: Jensen, C.
name: Kaspar, J.
name: Kawall, D.
name: Keshavarzi, A.
name: Kessler, D. S.
name: Kiburg, B.
name: Krafczyk, G.
name: Madrak, R.
name: Mikhailichenko, A. A.
name: Nguyen, H.
name: Overhage, K.
name: Park, S.
name: Pfeffer, H.
name: Polly, C. C.
name: Popovic, M.
name: Rivera, R.
name: Roberts, B. L.
name: Rubin, D.
name: Semertzidis, Y. K.
name: Stapleton, J.
name: Stoughton, C.
name: Voirin, E.
name: Wolff, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the installation, commissioning, and characterization of the new injection kicker system in the Muon $g-2$ Experiment (E989) at Fermilab, which makes a precision measurement of the muon magnetic anomaly. Three Blumlein pulsers drive each of the 1.27-m-long non-ferric kicker magnets, which reside in a storage ring vacuum (SRV) that is subjected to a 1.45 T magnetic field. The new system has been redesigned relative to Muon $g-2$'s predecessor experiment, and we present those details in this manuscript.
Singularly Perturbed Boundary-Equilibrium Bifurcations
Creators: name: Jelbart, Samuel
name: Kristiansen, Kristian Uldall
name: Wechselberger, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34A34, 34D15, 34E15, 37C10, 37C27, 37C75

description: Boundary equilibria bifurcation (BEB) arises in piecewise-smooth systems when an equilibrium collides with a discontinuity set under parameter variation. Singularly perturbed BEB refers to a bifurcation arising in singular perturbation problems which limit as some $ε\to 0$ to piecewise-smooth (PWS) systems which undergo a BEB. This work completes a classification for codimension-1 singularly perturbed BEB in the plane initiated by the present authors in [19], using a combination of tools from PWS theory, geometric singular perturbation theory (GSPT) and a method of geometric desingularization known as blow-up. After deriving a local normal form capable of generating all 12 singularly perturbed BEBs, we describe the unfolding in each case. Detailed quantitative results on saddle-node, Andronov-Hopf, homoclinic and codimension-2 Bogdanov-Takens bifurcations involved in the unfoldings and classification are presented. Each bifurcation is singular in the sense that it occurs within a domain which shrinks to zero as $ε\to 0$ at a rate determined by the rate at which the system loses smoothness. Detailed asymptotics for a distinguished homoclinic connection which forms the boundary between two singularly perturbed BEBs in parameter space are also given. Finally, we describe the explosive onset of oscillations arising in the unfolding of a particular singularly perturbed boundary-node (BN) bifurcation. We prove the existence of the oscillations as perturbations of PWS cycles, and derive a growth rate which is polynomial in $ε$ and dependent on the rate at which the system loses smoothness. For all the results presented herein, corresponding results for regularized PWS systems are obtained via the limit $ε\to 0$.
Crowdsourced Phrase-Based Tokenization for Low-Resourced Neural Machine Translation: The Case of Fon Language
Creators: name: Dossou, Bonaventure F. P.
name: Emezue, Chris C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Building effective neural machine translation (NMT) models for very low-resourced and morphologically rich African indigenous languages is an open challenge. Besides the issue of finding available resources for them, a lot of work is put into preprocessing and tokenization. Recent studies have shown that standard tokenization methods do not always adequately deal with the grammatical, diacritical, and tonal properties of some African languages. That, coupled with the extremely low availability of training samples, hinders the production of reliable NMT models. In this paper, using Fon language as a case study, we revisit standard tokenization methods and introduce Word-Expressions-Based (WEB) tokenization, a human-involved super-words tokenization strategy to create a better representative vocabulary for training. Furthermore, we compare our tokenization strategy to others on the Fon-French and French-Fon translation tasks.
Symmetry indicator in non-Hermitian systems
Creators: name: Shiozaki, Ken
name: Ono, Seishiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, topological phases in non-Hermitian systems have attracted much attention because non-Hermiticity sometimes gives rise to unique phases with no Hermitian counterparts. Non-Hermitian Bloch Hamiltonians can always be mapped to doubled Hermitianized Hamiltonians with chiral symmetry, which enables us to utilize the existing framework for Hermitian systems into the classification of non-Hermitian topological phases. While this strategy succeeded in the topological classification of non-Hermitian Bloch Hamiltonians in the presence of internal symmetries, the generalization of symmetry indicators -- a way to efficiently diagnose topological phases -- to non-Hermitian systems is still elusive. In this work, we study a theory of symmetry indicators for non-Hermitian systems. We define space group symmetries of non-Hermitian Bloch Hamiltonians as ones of the doubled Hermitianized Hamiltonians. Consequently, symmetry indicator groups for chiral symmetric Hermitian systems are equivalent to those for non-Hermitian systems. Based on this equivalence, we list symmetry indicator groups for non-Hermitian systems in the presence of space group symmetries. We also discuss the physical implications of symmetry indicators for some symmetry classes. Furthermore, explicit formulas of symmetry indicators for spinful electronic systems are included in appendices.
description: 12+25 pages
An explicit calculation of pseudo-goldstino mass at the leading three-loop level
Creators: name: Dai, Jianpeng
name: Liu, Tao
name: Yang, Jin Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pseudo-goldstinos appear in the scenario of multi-sector SUSY breaking. Unlike the true goldstino which is massless and absorbed by the gravitino, pseudo-goldstinos could obtain mass from radiative effects. In this note, working in the scenario of two-sector SUSY breaking with gauge mediation, we explicitly calculate the pseudo-goldstino mass at the leading three-loop level and provide the analytical results. In our calculation we consider the general case of messenger masses (not necessarily equal) and include the higher order terms of SUSY breaking scales. Our results can reproduce the numerical value estimated previously at the leading order of SUSY breaking scales with the assumption of equal messenger masses. It turns out that the results are very sensitive to the ratio of messenger masses, while the higher order terms of SUSY breaking scales are rather small in magnitude. Depending on the ratio of messenger masses, the pseudo-goldstino mass can be as low as ${{\cal O} (0.1)}$ GeV.
description: 13 pages,2 figures We fixed some taypo issues
Knodle: Modular Weakly Supervised Learning with PyTorch
Creators: name: Sedova, Anastasiia
name: Stephan, Andreas
name: Speranskaya, Marina
name: Roth, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Strategies for improving the training and prediction quality of weakly supervised machine learning models vary in how much they are tailored to a specific task or integrated with a specific model architecture. In this work, we introduce Knodle, a software framework that treats weak data annotations, deep learning models, and methods for improving weakly supervised training as separate, modular components. This modularization gives the training process access to fine-grained information such as data set characteristics, matches of heuristic rules, or elements of the deep learning model ultimately used for prediction. Hence, our framework can encompass a wide range of training methods for improving weak supervision, ranging from methods that only look at correlations of rules and output classes (independently of the machine learning model trained with the resulting labels), to those that harness the interplay of neural networks and weakly labeled data. We illustrate the benchmarking potential of the framework with a performance comparison of several reference implementations on a selection of datasets that are already available in Knodle. The framework is published as an open-source Python package knodle and available at https://github.com/knodle/knodle.
Four-Loop Gauge and Three-Loop Yukawa Beta-Functions in a General Renormalizable Theory
Creators: name: Bednyakov, Alexander
name: Pikelner, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the beta functions of gauge and Yukawa couplings in general four-dimensional quantum field theory, at four and three loops, respectively. The essence of our approach is fixing unknown coefficients in the most general ansatz for beta-functions by direct calculation in several simplified models. We apply our results to the Standard Model and its extension with an arbitrary number of Higgs doublets and provide expressions for all four-loop gauge couplings beta-functions with matrix Yukawa interactions.
description: 6 pages, 1 table; typos corrected, matches version published in PRL
Eliashberg study of superconductivity induced by interfacial coupling to antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Thingstad, Even
name: Erlandsen, Eirik
name: Sudbø, Asle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform Eliashberg calculations for magnon-mediated superconductivity in a normal metal, where the electron-magnon interaction arises from interfacial coupling to antiferromagnetic insulators. In agreement with previous studies, we find $p$-wave pairing for large doping when the antiferromagnetic interfaces are uncompensated, and $d$-wave pairing close to half-filling when the antiferromagnetic interfaces are compensated. However, for the $p$-wave phase, we find a considerable reduction in the critical temperature compared to previous weak-coupling results, as the effective frequency cutoff on the magnon propagator in this case is found to be much smaller than the cutoff on the magnon spectrum. The $d$-wave phase, on the other hand, relies less on long-wavelength magnons, leading to a larger effective cutoff on the magnon propagator. Combined with a large density of states close to half-filling, this might allow the $d$-wave phase to survive up to higher critical temperatures. Based on our findings, we provide new insight into how to realize interfacially induced magnon-mediated superconductivity in experiments.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures