cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Trichomasthus albimanus Thomson 1876
Creators: name: Fallahzadeh, Majid
name: Japoshvili, George
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Encyrtidae
Trichomasthus
Trichomasthus albimanus

description: 157. Trichomasthus albimanus Thomson, 1876
Host associations in Iran. Coccus hesperidum (Ghahari et al. 2010). Distribution in Iran. Isfahan (Ghahari et al. 2010).
General distribution. Palaearctic region.
description: Published as part of Fallahzadeh, Majid & Japoshvili, George, 2017, An updated checklist of Iranian Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea), pp. 1-46 in Zootaxa 4344 (1) on page 29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4344.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1042219
Embracing the idea of climatic niche stasis to investigate lags in species distribution changes under contemporary climate change
Creators: name: Lenoir, Jonathan
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: As climate change exceeds species’ intrinsic ability to tolerate it, species need to track suitable climatic conditions in the geographical space (distribution shifts) or adapt to the new climatic conditions in the environmental space (niche shifts) so as to avoid extinction. First, I will show that niche conservatism is more prevalent than niche differentiation suggesting that evolutionary adaptation through niche shifts is unlikely to happen over the short time scale of contemporary climate change and that species should theoretically shift their distribution synchronously. In this respect, species distribution models (SDMs) which are based on the niche conservatism hypothesis are perfect tools to test whether the magnitude of recent distribution changes match the expectations from bioclimatic velocities. However, I will also provide empirical evidence showing that the magnitude of recent range shifts is usually lower than the magnitude of expected range shifts predicted by bioclimatic SDMs, which suggests time lags in the biotic responses of living organisms to contemporary climate change. Several drivers could explain these lags, such as species’ intrinsic ability to tolerate changing climate, species’ longevity, habitat fragmentation, microclimatic buffering and compensation effect through non-climatic dimensions of the niche. I argue that deciphering this apparent paradox between the observed disequilibrium in species distribution changes under contemporary climate change and the fact that the climatic niche of species is static over space and time will help to tackle the challenge of the attribution of range changes to climate change, as these two are two sides of the same coin.
Benchmarking CASPT3 Vertical Excitation Energies
Creators: name: Boggio-Pasqua, Martial
name: Jacquemin, Denis
name: Loos, Pierre-François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on 280 reference vertical transition energies of various natures (singlet, triplet, valence, Rydberg, $n\toπ^*$, $π\toπ^*$, and double excitations) extracted from the QUEST database, we assess the accuracy of third-order multireference perturbation theory, CASPT3, in the context of molecular excited states. When one applies the disputable ionization-potential-electron-affinity (IPEA) shift, we show that CASPT3 provides a similar accuracy as its second-order counterpart, CASPT2, with the same mean absolute error of $0.11$ eV. However, as already reported, we also observe that the accuracy of CASPT3 is almost insensitive to the IPEA shift, irrespective of the transition type and system size, with a small reduction of the mean absolute error to $0.09$ eV when the IPEA shift is switched off.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures (supplementary material available)
National Election Pool Poll # 2004-STELEC-NJ: New Jersey Election Day Exit Poll
Creators: name: ABC News
name: Associated Press
name: CBS News
name: CNN
name: Fox News
name: National Election Pool (NEP)
name: NBC News
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2005

description: For whom did respondent just vote in presidential election (1); when decided who to vote for (1); vote was mainly for candidate/against his opponent (1); New Jersey economy (1); how worried is respondent that there will be another major terrorist attack in U.S. (1); George W. Bush job performance (1); which one issue mattered most in deciding vote for president (1); which one candidate quality mattered most in deciding vote for president (1); country is safer/less safe from terrorism compared to four years ago (1); think Governor Jim McGreevey should have resigned/served out his full term in office (1); war with Iraq (2); would trust John Kerry/George W. Bush/both/neither to handle economy (1); personal finances (1); would trust John Kerry/George W. Bush/both/neither to handle terrorism (1); ever voted before (1).
Depinning and flow of a vortex line in an uniaxial random medium
Creators: name: Elías, Federico
name: Wiese, Kay Jörg
name: Kolton, Alejandro B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study numerically and analytically the dynamics of a single directed elastic string driven through a 3-dimensional disordered medium. In the quasistatic limit the string is super-rough in the driving direction, with roughness exponent $ζ_{\parallel} = 1.25\pm 0.01$, dynamic exponent $z_{\parallel}= 1.43 \pm 0.01$, correlation-length exponent $ν= 1.33 \pm 0.02$, depinning exponent $β= 0.24\pm 0.01$, and avalanche-size exponent $τ_{\parallel} = 1.09 \pm 0.03$. In the transverse direction we find $ζ_{\perp} = 0.5 \pm 0.01$, $z_{\perp} = 2.27 \pm 0.05$, and $τ_{\perp} =1.17\pm 0.06$. We show that transverse fluctuations do not alter the critical exponents in the driving direction, as predicted by the planar approximation (PA) proposed in 1996 by Ertas and Kardar (EK). We check the PA for the force-force correlator, comparing to the functional renormalization group and simulations. Both Random-Bond (RB) and Random-Field (RF) disorder yield a single universality class, indistinguishable from the one of an elastic string in a 2-dimensional random medium. While $z_{\perp}=z_{\parallel}+1/ν$ and $ν=1/(2-ζ_{\parallel})$ of EK are satisfied, the transversal movement is that of a Brownian, with a clock set locally by the forward movement. This implies $ζ_\perp = (2-d)/2$, distinct from EK. At small driving velocities the distribution of local parallel displacements has a negative skewness, while in the transverse direction it is a Gaussian. For large scales, the system can be described by anisotropic effective temperatures. In the fast-flow regime the local displacement distributions become Gaussian in both directions and the effective temperatures vanish as $T^{\perp}_{\tt eff}\sim 1/v$ and $T^{\parallel}_{\tt eff}\sim 1/v^3$ for RB and as $T^{\perp}_{\tt eff} \approx T^{\parallel}_{\tt eff} \sim 1/v$ for RF.
description: 23 pages, 23 figures
NBC/Wall Street Journal Poll # 2004-6044: Election 2004
Creators: name: NBC News
name: Wall Street Journal
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2006

description: Registered to vote in November elections (1); direction of the country (2); Bush job performance (1); Bush deserving re-election (1); opinion on several public figures (1); preference in party outcome in November's congressional elections (1); John Kerry vs. George Bush vs. Ralph Nader (1); most important issue deciding to vote (1); Opinion on presidential candidates (2); opinion on U.S. involvement in Iraq and Saddam Hussein (5); American troops in Iraq (2); opinion on Bush misleading public in Iraq (2); handing over power to an Iraqi government (3); level of control U.S. has on Iraq (1); justification of torture in Abu Ghraib prison (1); impression on the state of the economy (5); impression of Ronald Reagan and Bill Clinton as Presidents (1); Bush's approach to governing (1); impression of Bush administration preventing September 11 attacks (1); Federal Communism investigating 9/11 attack findings (1); constitutional amendment of same sex marriages (1); stem-cell research (1).
title: Qualitätsunterschiede zwischen maschineller und computergestützter Übersetzung
Creators: name: Thalmann, Verena
Year: 2020

description: Maschinelle und computergestützte Übersetzungsprogramme haben sich in den letzten Jahren zu wertvollen Hilfsmitteln entwickelt – sei es für Privatpersonen, Agenturen oder auch für professionelle Sprachdienstleister und Sprachdienstleisterinnen. Während letztgenannte Gruppe heute bereits überwiegend mit computergestützten Übersetzungsprogrammen arbeiten, stehen Übersetzer und Übersetzerinnen der Nachbearbeitung von maschinell erstellten Translaten jedoch mit gemischten Gefühlen gegenüber, da die Entlohnung hierfür, bei oftmals gleichzeitig erhöhtem Nachbearbeitungsaufwand aufgrund diverser Mängel, meist geringer ausfällt. Bezugnehmend auf dieses Problem ergeben sich folgende Forschungsfrage und Hypothese: „Welche Qualitätsunterschiede weisen maschinell und computergestützt erstellte technische Übersetzungen im Sprachenpaar Italienisch – Deutsch auf morphologischer, lexikalischer, syntaktischer und semantischer Ebene auf?“ - „Aufgrund der festgelegten, zu verwendenden Terminologie im Fachbereich „Technik – Anlagentechnik“, der für das Italienische spezifischen Satzstruktur, der besonders in italienischen technischen Fachtexten verwendeten Abkürzungen und der oftmals vorhandenen Überschneidungen verschiedener Fachgebiete lassen sich signifikante Qualitätsunterschiede in den Bereichen Morphologie, Lexik, Syntax und Semantik feststellen, die letztendlich die computergestützt erstellte technische Übersetzung als das qualitativ hochwertigere Produkt hervorheben.“ Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage wurden mithilfe eines auf Fehlerkategorien basierenden Analysemodells maschinell und computergestützt erstellte Übersetzungen analysiert und abschließend verglichen. Aufgrund der hierbei gewonnenen Erkenntnisse konnte das computergestützt erstellte Produkt tendenziell als qualitativ hochwertigere Übersetzung hervorgehoben und somit festgestellt werden, dass es sich laut Analysekriterien bei der computergestützt erstellten Übersetzung um das qualitativ hochwertigere Produkt in dieser Fallstudie handelt.
Membrane-less phonon trapping and resolution enhancement in optical microwave kinetic inductance detectors
Creators: name: Zobrist, Nicholas
name: Clay, W. Hawkins
name: Coiffard, Grégoire
name: Daal, Miguel
name: Swimmer, Noah
name: Day, Peter
name: Mazin, Benjamin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) sensitive to light in the ultraviolet to near-infrared wavelengths are superconducting micro-resonators that are capable of measuring photon arrival times to microsecond precision and estimating each photon's energy. The resolving power of non-membrane MKIDs has remained stubbornly around 10 at 1 $μ$m despite significant improvements in the system noise. Here we show that the resolving power can be roughly doubled with a simple bilayer design without needing to place the device on a membrane, avoiding a significant increase in fabrication complexity. Based on modeling of the phonon propagation, we find that the majority of the improvement comes from the inability of high energy phonons to enter the additional layer due to the lack of available phonon states.
Einstein's Oxford Blackboard: A Unique Historical Artefact
Creators: name: O'Raifeartaigh, Cormac
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein's blackboard is a well-known exhibit at the History of Science Museum at Oxford University. However, it is much less well known that the writing on the board provides a neat summary of a work of historic importance, Einstein's 1931 model of the expanding universe. As a visual representation of one of the earliest models of the universe to be proposed in the wake of Hubble's observations of the nebulae, the blackboard provides an intriguing snapshot of a key moment in modern astronomy and cosmology. In addition, one line on the blackboard that is not in Einstein's 1931 paper casts useful light on some anomalies in the calculations of that paper.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, published in The Antiquarian Astronomer
Hart-Teeter/NBC/WSJ Poll # 2004-6045: 2004 Presidential Election/Iraq/Same-Sex Marriage
Creators: name: NBC News
name: Wall Street Journal
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2005

description: Intention to vote in November 2004 elections (1); direction of country (1); George W. Bush job performance (1); feel that George W. Bush does/does not deserve to be re-elected (1); opinion of certain public figures (9); George W. Bush and Dick Cheney vs. John Kerry and John Edwards vs. Ralph Nader and Peter Camejo (2); chances of supporting candidates in election even if not supporting them now (2); knowledge about John Kerry and what he stands for (1); John Kerry qualities (9); John Kerry's selection of John Edwards as his vice-presidential running mate (2); feelings about John Edwards (2); Democratic party vs. Republican party in handling certain issues (2); Democratic party (4); Iraq (2); economy (2); gay marriage (2).
Effects of environmental change on montane birds and amphibians in Peninsular Malaysia
Creators: name: Soh, Malcolm C. K.
name: Mitchell, Nicola
name: Ridley, Amanda
name: Peh, Kelvin
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Montane forests in Southeast Asia have been severely impacted by deforestation and habitat degradation. Montane bird communities in Peninsular Malaysia were studied in 2002-2003 to determine their response along a disturbance gradient (i.e. primary and secondary forests, tea plantation, rural, and urban areas) and to identify key factors that influence their distribution. Species richness was found to be higher for pristine and minimally disturbed sites, lower in tea plantation and lowest in heavily developed town centres. Canopy density and percent land-use cover influenced species distribution; some invasive lowland birds were tolerant of extreme development and native montane birds endured only slight habitat disturbances. Forest dependant species richness started to decline when 20% of the forest canopy was cleared and less than a third remained when more than 40% was removed. In 2016-2017, the same study localities will be resampled to determine if the montane bird communities in each of the habitat types have climaxed and if climatic changes play a role in influencing species distributions. Amphibians will also be surveyed to determine if their responses are similar to birds since they are highly sensitive to environmental changes and are representative of aquatic ecosystems. As individuals are captured to study their demography, their population genetics will also be studied from blood and tissue samples. Genetic analyses of representative species can help determine if gene flow between populations may be compromised by habitat disturbance and may lead to the discovery of cryptic species.
Trichomasthus cyaneus
Creators: name: Fallahzadeh, Majid
name: Japoshvili, George
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Encyrtidae
Trichomasthus
Trichomasthus cyaneus

description: 158. Trichomasthus cyaneus (Dalman, 1820)
Host associations in Iran. Pulvinaria vitis (Ghahari et al. 2010). Distribution in Iran. Mazandaran (Ghahari et al. 2010). General distribution. Palaearctic region.
description: Published as part of Fallahzadeh, Majid & Japoshvili, George, 2017, An updated checklist of Iranian Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea), pp. 1-46 in Zootaxa 4344 (1) on page 29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4344.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1042219
title: Klosn in Stilfs
Creators: name: Rudigier, Philipp
Year: 2020

description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird das Klosn in Stilfs zum Thema gemacht. Es handelt sich um einen kulturellen Umzug in Südtirol, bei dem der Nikolaus ebenso eine Rolle spielt, wie maskierte Klaubaufe und Esl. Im Rahmen der Studie war es zu leisten, das Thema in drei großen Teilen abzuhandeln. Teil 1 besteht aus der Definition, sowie der historischen Rekonstruktion des Klosn, zugleich aber auch aus einer soziologischen teilnehmenden Beobachtung und einer dramaturgischen und figurentechnischen Aufführungsanalyse der derzeitigen Form des Umzuges. Teil 2 geht der Frage nach, wie es erklärbar ist, dass dieserart archaisch anmutende Umzüge mit Masken in modernen europäischen Gesellschaften immer noch ihren Platz behaupten können. Teil 3 besteht aus einer Analyse und Interpretation der beiden vorhergehenden Teile – des Weiteren findet ein Vergleich zu Johann Wolfgang Goethes Faust und zu Hugo von Hofmannsthals Jedermann statt, wodurch sich zeigt, dass das Klosn als Klaubauf-Umzug auf dieselben Vorstellungen verweist, wie jene Theaterstücke – jedenfalls, wenn man für all dies eine christliche Lesart zugrunde legt. Im Verlauf der gesamten Studie dient der in den meisten Fällen auf Dramen fokussierte Verismus, der sich für gewöhnlich reduzierter Gesten bedient, für einen schauspieltechnischen Kontrastvergleich gegenüber dem improvisierten und körperbasierten Klaubauf-Stil der Masken-Akteure des Klosn.
description: The topic of this master thesis is the Klosn in Stilfs. It is a cultural procession in South Tyrol, in which Santa Claus (Saint Nicholas) appears together with Klaubaufe (humans with devil masks) and Esl (masked humans embodying donkeys). The structure of the master thesis is comprised of three parts. Part 1 entails a definition and historical reconstruction of the Klosn; at the same time it contains sociological participant observation and dramaturgic analysis as well as character analysis of the personage that currently participates in the procession. Part 2 discusses the question, how it can be explained, that such processions, which are archaic in style, still manage to assert themselves in modern European societies. Part 3 undertook an analysis and an interpretation of the two preceding parts – furthermore it made a comparison with Johann Wolfgang Goethe's Faust and with Hugo von Hofmannsthal's Jedermann, and based on that, it argued, that at least in a Christian reading, the Klosn refers to the same beliefs as those two theatre plays. Throughout the study, verism (method acting), which is in the majority of cases associated with dramas and with restrained gestures (self-controlled style of movement), serves as a possibility to seek a contrasting comparison to the acting technique of the masked agents (or players) of the Klosn procession, which have a more improvised and physically active type of movement (using their whole bodies).
Deep Learning-enabled Detection and Classification of Bacterial Colonies using a Thin Film Transistor (TFT) Image Sensor
Creators: name: Li, Yuzhu
name: Liu, Tairan
name: Koydemir, Hatice Ceylan
name: Wang, Hongda
name: O'Riordan, Keelan
name: Bai, Bijie
name: Haga, Yuta
name: Kobashi, Junji
name: Tanaka, Hitoshi
name: Tamaru, Takaya
name: Yamaguchi, Kazunori
name: Ozcan, Aydogan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Early detection and identification of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) is an essential task for public health. The conventional culture-based methods for bacterial colony detection usually take >24 hours to get the final read-out. Here, we demonstrate a bacterial colony-forming-unit (CFU) detection system exploiting a thin-film-transistor (TFT)-based image sensor array that saves ~12 hours compared to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-approved methods. To demonstrate the efficacy of this CFU detection system, a lensfree imaging modality was built using the TFT image sensor with a sample field-of-view of ~10 cm^2. Time-lapse images of bacterial colonies cultured on chromogenic agar plates were automatically collected at 5-minute intervals. Two deep neural networks were used to detect and count the growing colonies and identify their species. When blindly tested with 265 colonies of E. coli and other coliform bacteria (i.e., Citrobacter and Klebsiella pneumoniae), our system reached an average CFU detection rate of 97.3% at 9 hours of incubation and an average recovery rate of 91.6% at ~12 hours. This TFT-based sensor can be applied to various microbiological detection methods. Due to the large scalability, ultra-large field-of-view, and low cost of the TFT-based image sensors, this platform can be integrated with each agar plate to be tested and disposed of after the automated CFU count. The imaging field-of-view of this platform can be cost-effectively increased to >100 cm^2 to provide a massive throughput for CFU detection using, e.g., roll-to-roll manufacturing of TFTs as used in the flexible display industry.
description: 18 Pages, 6 Figures
Voter News Service Exit Poll: South Dakota
Creators: name: ABC News
name: Associated Press
name: CBS News
name: CNN
name: Fox News
name: NBC News
name: Voter News Service
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1997

description: Republican primary vote(1); vote deciding moment(1); vote deciding issue(1); candidate quality(1); satisfaction with candidates(1); Bob Dole(1); Dole's age(1); abortion(1); taxes(1); standard of living(1); Pat Buchanan(1); negative advertising in politics(1); member of the religious right(1); party ID(1); vote in 1992 presidential election(1); religion(1); political ideology(1).
The effect of directional selection on pleiotropy and modularity
Creators: name: Melo, Diogo
name: Marroig, Gabriel
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: We present an individual based model for the study of covariation in quantitative traits under a number of evolutionary scenarios. Focusing on the evolution of modularity, we show that directional selection is a major force in shaping pleiotropy and establishing modular variational patterns, while stabilizing selection can maintain these modules for long periods of time.
Chromosomal, molecular and morphological analysis of a human embryo with homogeneous trisomy of chromosome 8
Creators: name: Goudefroye, Géraldine
name: Guirchon, Jessica
name: Ozilou, Catherine
name: Morichon-Delvallez, Nicole
name: Munnich, Arnold
name: Vekemans, Michel
name: Attie-Bitach, Tania
name: Etchevers, Heather
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Our group studie(d) developmental gene expression in normal human embryos obtained from voluntary interruptions of pregnancy, in accordance with ethical guidelines established by French law. A chromosomal anomaly was suspected in one human embryo at Carnegie stage 11 (~25 days of development) on the basis of abnormal morphology. The embryo had severe malformations of the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. The karyotype of its chorionic villus sample showed a homogeneous trisomy of chromosome 8, whereas FQ-PCR analysis confirmed the meiotic origin of the non-disjunction.

Only a few cases of human trisomy 8 have been reported to date in children or adults. With one recent neonatal exception, the other previous cases all showed mosaicism due to mitotic non-disjunction early during zygotic development. Our case demonstrates that homogeneous trisomy 8 is compatible with implantation and early embryogenesis. Nonetheless, by Carnegie stage 11, the heart was bifid, yolk sac vessels were abnormally dilated, the prosencephalon and branchial arches were absent and the somites were small and irregularly shaped. These severe systemic malformations are not compatible with further development, confirming the lethality of trisomy 8 of meiotic origin. In addition, this case justifies the  systematic karyotyping of human embryos used for research purposes, as we have observed other trisomies in apparently normal cases; likewise, chromosomal abnormalities may be responsible for other occasional malformations observed in human embryos received for study.
title: Die nationale Sicherheitsstrategie Litauens
Creators: name: Kemeklyte, Dora
Year: 2020

description: In den letzten Jahren haben geopolitische Themen in der Wissenschaft u.a. in den Kulturwissenschaften an wesentlicher Bedeutung gewonnen, da sie in diversen Bereichen wie Ethnozentrismus, Kapitalismus, Postkolonialismus etc. behandelt werden. Die Entwicklung der Geopolitik als wissenschaftliches Fach verfügt über eine reiche Geschichte im deutschen und anglo-amerikanischen Raum, wo einige interessante theoretische Konzepte über die Weltmächte u.a. deren Verteilung und die Herrschaftsverhältnisse im Laufe der Zeit aufgestellt worden sind. Der Theorieteil der vorliegenden Arbeit befasst sich mit diesen Konzepten im engeren Sinne und versucht einige Problem- und Fragestellungen der Geopolitik als Fach zu visualisieren. Die Thematik der Masterarbeit ist stark geopolitisch orientiert und lautet: die nationale Sicherheitsstrategie Litauens: die geopolitische Taktik Russlands im 21. Jahrhundert. Im Rahmen der Arbeit wurde versucht die Rolle und die Bedeutung die Außenpolitik Russlands nicht nur auf nationaler Ebene, sondern auch auf internationaler Ebene zu erforschen und zu definieren. Die Problematik der bilateralen Beziehungen zwischen Russland und Litauen wurde hier in den Mittelpunkt gestellt und es wurde der Einfluss der russischen Außenpolitik auf die litauische Sicherheits- und Verteidigungspolitik untersucht.
description: In recent years geopolitical topics have gained essential importance in science, among others in cultural sciences as they are covered in various fields such as ethnocentrism, capitalism, post-colonialism, etc.. Geopolitics as a scientific subject has a rich history in the German and Anglo-American region, where some interesting theoretical concepts on world powers, among others their distribution and rule relationships have been established in the course of time. The theoretical part of this paper deals with these concepts “in the narrower sense” and tries to visualize some of the problems and questions of geopolitics as a subject. The topic of the master's thesis is strongly focused and based on geopolitics: “the national security strategy of Lithuania: Russia's geopolitical tactics in the 21st century”. This thesis tries to research and define the meaning and the role of the foreign policy of Russia not only on the national, but also on the international level. It focuses on the problematic bilateral relations between Russia and Lithuania as well as the influence of Russian foreign policy on the Lithuanian security and defense policy.
The Role of Inner HI Mass in Regulating the Scatter of the Mass-Metallicity Relation
Creators: name: Chen, Xinkai
name: Wang, Jing
name: Kong, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use 789 disk-like, star-forming galaxies (with 596 HI detections) from HI follow-up observations for the SDSS-IV MaNGA survey to study the possible role of inner HI gas in causing secondary dependences in the mass-gas-phase metallicity relation. We use the gas-phase metallicity derived at the effective radii of the galaxies. We derive the inner HI mass witHIn the optical radius, but also use the total HI mass and star formation rate (SFR) for a comparison. We confirm the anticorrelation between the total HI mass and gas-phase metallicity at fixed stellar mass, but the anticorrelation is significantly strengthened when the total HI mass is replaced by the inner HI mass. Introducing a secondary relation with the inner HI mass can produce a small but noticeable decrease (16%) in the scatter of the mass-gas-phase metallicity relation, in contrast to the negligible effect with the SFR. The correlation with the inner HI mass is robust when using different diagnostics of metallicity, but the correlation with SFR is not. The correlation with the inner HI mass becomes much weaker when the gas-phase metallicity is derived in the central region instead of at the effective radius. These results support the idea that the scatter in the mass-metallicity relation is regulated by gas accretion, and not directly by the SFR, and stress the importance of deriving the gas mass and the metallicity from roughly the same region. The new relation between inner HI mass and gas-phase metallicity will provide new constraints for chemical and galaxy evolution models.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ
VRS 1992 Vermont Election Day Exit Poll
Creators: name: ABC News
name: CBS News
name: CNN
name: NBC News
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1993

description: Vote in 1992 presidential election(1); vote in 1992 senatorial election (1); national economy situation(1); voting record(1); personal economy situation(1); party preference(1); vote in 1992 governor election(1); vote in 1992 House of Representatives election(1).
The Hubble PanCET Program: A Featureless Transmission Spectrum for WASP-29b and Evidence of Enhanced Atmospheric Metallicity on WASP-80b
Creators: name: Wong, Ian
name: Chachan, Yayaati
name: Knutson, Heather A.
name: Henry, Gregory W.
name: Adams, Danica
name: Kataria, Tiffany
name: Benneke, Björn
name: Gao, Peter
name: Deming, Drake
name: López-Morales, Mercedes
name: Sing, David K.
name: Alam, Munazza K.
name: Ballester, Gilda E.
name: Barstow, Joanna K.
name: Buchhave, Lars A.
name: Santos, Leonardo A. dos
name: Fu, Guangwei
name: Muñoz, Antonio García
name: MacDonald, Ryan J.
name: Mikal-Evans, Thomas
name: Sanz-Forcada, Jorge
name: Wakeford, Hannah R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a uniform analysis of transit observations from the Hubble Space Telescope and Spitzer Space Telescope of two warm gas giants orbiting K-type stars - WASP-29b and WASP-80b. The transmission spectra, which span 0.4-5.0 $μ$m, are interpreted using a suite of chemical equilibrium PLATON atmospheric retrievals. Both planets show evidence of significant aerosol opacity along the day-night terminator. The spectrum of WASP-29b is flat throughout the visible and near-infrared, suggesting the presence of condensate clouds extending to low pressures. The lack of spectral features hinders our ability to constrain the atmospheric metallicity and C/O ratio. In contrast, WASP-80b shows a discernible, albeit muted H$_2$O absorption feature at 1.4 $μ$m, as well as a steep optical spectral slope that is caused by fine-particle aerosols and/or contamination from unocculted spots on the variable host star. WASP-80b joins the small number of gas-giant exoplanets that show evidence for enhanced atmospheric metallicity: the transmission spectrum is consistent with metallicities ranging from $\sim$30-100 times solar in the case of cloudy limbs to a few hundred times solar in the cloud-free scenario. In addition to the detection of water, we infer the presence of CO$_2$ in the atmosphere of WASP-80b based on the enhanced transit depth in the Spitzer 4.5 $μ$m bandpass. From a complementary analysis of Spitzer secondary eclipses, we find that the dayside emission from WASP-29b and WASP-80b is consistent with brightness temperatures of $937 \pm 48$ and $851 \pm 14$ K, respectively, indicating relatively weak day-night heat transport and low Bond albedo.
description: Published in AJ, 26 pages, 13 figures. Updated to reflect proof changes
Zaomma lambinus
Creators: name: Fallahzadeh, Majid
name: Japoshvili, George
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Encyrtidae
Zaomma
Zaomma lambinus

description: 159. Zaomma lambinus (Walker, 1838)
Synonyms in Iranian literatures. Apterencyrtus microphagus (Mayr, 1876), Chiloneurus microphagus Mayr, 1876, Chiloneurinus microphagus (Mayr, 1876) (Chodjai 1989; Radjabi 1989; Modarres Awal, 1997).
Host associations in Iran. Lepidosaphes malicola on rosaceous fruit trees (Chodjai 1989; Radjabi 1989; Modarres Awal 1997), Tecaspis asiatica [Chlidaspis asiatica] on rosaceous fruit trees (Radjabi, 1989); Lepidosaphes pistaciae on Pistacia vera (Mansouri 2005), Lepidosaphes sp. on Plum (Lotfalizadeh 2010b), Lecanium nigrofasciatum [Mesolecanium nigrofasciatum)] (Ghahari et al. 2010).
Distribution in Iran. Tehran (Chodjai 1989; Modarres Awal 1997), Chaharmahal & Bakhtiyari, Isfahan, Fars, Markazi, Tehran, Semnan (Radjabi 1989; Modarres Awal 1997), Isfahan (Mansouri 2005), Lorestan (Lotfalizadeh 2010b) Guilan (Ghahari et al. 2010).
General distribution. Cosmopolitan.
description: Published as part of Fallahzadeh, Majid & Japoshvili, George, 2017, An updated checklist of Iranian Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea), pp. 1-46 in Zootaxa 4344 (1) on page 30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4344.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1042219
Tropical fish physiology in response to cooler temperate waters
Creators: name: Poleweski, Graeme
name: Donelson, Jennifer
name: Booth, David
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: This poster looks at the potential of tropical fish to persist in current and future winter temperatures. Every year during summer, large populations of larval tropical fish are carried by the EAC into south eastern Australia. The summer temperatures of Sydney and the like allow these populations to persist. However, as the year rolls on and winter temperatures of about 17°C are reached we see 100% mortality of these tropical vagrants. In lieu of this I wanted to investigate the potential of tropical fish to persist in current and future winter sea temperatures likely to be experienced in south east Australia by 2100. To do this I used a range of key morphological, behavioural and physiological attributes to determine the survivability of a particular species of tropical fish. The results suggest that a winter temperature of 18.5°C could allow over wintering of tropical fish, however, this winter temperature needs to be consistent over a number of years to allow continued persistence.
EvoVGM: a Deep Variational Generative Model for Evolutionary Parameter Estimation
Creators: name: Remita, Amine M.
name: Diallo, Abdoulaye Baniré
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Most evolutionary-oriented deep generative models do not explicitly consider the underlying evolutionary dynamics of biological sequences as it is performed within the Bayesian phylogenetic inference framework. In this study, we propose a method for a deep variational Bayesian generative model (EvoVGM) that jointly approximates the true posterior of local evolutionary parameters and generates sequence alignments. Moreover, it is instantiated and tuned for continuous-time Markov chain substitution models such as JC69, K80 and GTR. We train the model via a low-variance stochastic estimator and a gradient ascent algorithm. Here, we analyze the consistency and effectiveness of EvoVGM on synthetic sequence alignments simulated with several evolutionary scenarios and different sizes. Finally, we highlight the robustness of a fine-tuned EvoVGM model using a sequence alignment of gene S of coronaviruses.
description: Accepted as a full paper for publication in ACM-BCB 2022 (Camera-ready version)
Transcriptome analysis of genes involved in neural tube closure during human embryonic development using Long-SAGE
Creators: name: Pu-Ting Xu
name: Thomas, Sophie
name: Dellinger, Andrew
name: Etchevers, Heather
name: Vekemans, Michel
name: Gilbert, John R.
name: Speer, Marcy C.
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Neural Tube Defects (NTD) are one of the most common birth defects in humans with a combined incidence of ~1/1000. Little is known about the human genes that regulate these disease processes. To identify potential new genes and pathways that confer susceptibility to neural tube defects, we analyzed global gene expression profiles during the critical periods of neural tube closure using a Long-SAGE approach. We have generated and sequenced four Long-SAGE libraries using total RNA isolated from the rostral portion (future brain) and the caudal portion (future spinal cord) of neural tubes from normal human embryos at Carnegie (C) stages 12 (C12, at the time of neural tube closure) and 13 (C13, neural tube  closure completed). Multiple categories of gene transcripts that regulate many cell processes, signal  pathways and complexes are up- and down-regulated in the late-stage compared with early-stage neural  tube tissues. Many genes are up- and down-regulated in both the brain and spinal neural tubes during  their development. Many differentially transcribed genes fall within NTD linkage subregions or NTD-associated areas, providing a quantitative picture of known and/or new genes conferring susceptibility to human neural tube defects.
CELL5M: A geospatial data and analytics platform of harmonized multidisciplinary data layers for agricultural research and development
Creators: name: Jawoo Koo
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Spatially explicit data is increasingly becoming available across disciplines, yet they are often limited to a specific domain. In order to use such datasets in a coherent analysis, such as to decide where to target specific types of agricultural investment, there should be an effort to make such datasets harmonized and interoperable. For sub-Saharan Africa, the HarvestChoice CELL5M Database was developed in this spirit of moving multidisciplinary data into one harmonized, geospatial database. The database includes over 750 biophysical and socio-economic indicators, many of which can be easily expanded to global scale. The CELL5M database provides a platform for cross-cutting spatial analyses and fine-grain visualization of the mix of farming systems and populations across SSA. It was created as the central core to support a decision-making platform that would enable development practitioners and researchers to explore multifaceted spatial relationships at the nexus of poverty, health and nutrition, farming systems, innovation, and environment. The database is a matrix populated by over 350,000 grid cells covering SSA at 5 arc-minute spatial resolution. Users of the database, including those conduct researches on agricultural policy, research, and development issues, can also easily overlay their own indicators. Numerical aggregation of the gridded data by specific geographical domains, either at sub-national level or across country borders for more regional analysis, is also readily possible without needing to use any specific GIS software. The database also provides standard-compliant data API that currently powers several web-based data visualization and analytical tools.
title: Ein schulisches Unterrichtskonzept zur Quantenphysik
Creators: name: Steiner, Albert
Year: 2020

description: Diese Forschungsarbeit untersucht, ob ein alternativer Weg zur Lehre der Quantenphysik, wie er in manchen Schulbüchern und Unterrichtskonzepten dargestellt wird, möglich und machbar ist. Schulbücher wählen meist den Weg der historischen Entwicklung der Quantentheorie. Dazu wird zunächst ein Teil des Entstehungsprozesses der Quantentheorie thematisiert. Es werden verschiedene Veröffentlichungen von Physikern dargestellt, die ihren Blickwinkel zur damaligen Situation der Quantenphysik widergegeben. Um einen Einblick in vorhandene Unterrichtskonzepte zur quantenmechanischen Physik zu erhalten, werden österreichische Schulbücher und bestehende Unterrichtskonzepte analysiert und verglichen. Existierende SchülerInnenvorstellungen zur Quantenphysik werden dargestellt und als Basis für mögliche Unterrichtskonzepte benutzt. Ein Unterrichtskonzept wird erstellt, welches fachdidaktischen Richtlinien und dem Skript „Romanos Physikkurs 2“ folgt, welches nicht den historischen Weg der Quantenmechanik geht. Das erstellte Unterrichtskonzept wird mit denen aus den Schulbüchern und dem Münchner Unterrichtskonzept verglichen. Mögliche Vorteile und Nachteile besagter Unterrichtskonzepte werden thematisiert. Das Ergebnis dieser Arbeit ist, dass der Weg, welcher im Skript „Romanos Physikkurs 2“ eingeschlagen wird, im schulischen Unterricht gelehrt werden kann.
description: This thesis analyses if an alternative teaching approach of quantum physics, compared to the current approach used in school textbooks and teaching concepts, is feasible. Textbooks usually start with the historical development of the quantum physics. Based on several publications of physicists, their view on quantum physics of their specific time in history are discussed. First, existing teaching approaches of quantum mechanical physics are analyzed and compared in order to get an overview about the existing approaches. Additionally, existing students’ ideas on quantum physics are described and taken as a basis for a possible new teaching approach. Then, a new teaching approach, following rather the textbook ‘Romanos Physikkurs 2’ than the historical development of quantum physics, is prepared. The new approach is compared with current textbooks as well as the Munich teaching approach. Advantages and disadvantages of both approaches are discussed, resulting in the conclusion that the teaching approach of ‘Romanos Physikkurs 2’ could be used in school textbooks.
How to recognize the universal aspects of Mott criticality?
Creators: name: Tan, Yuting
name: Dobrosavljevic, Vladimir
name: Rademaker, Louk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we critically discuss several examples of two-dimensional electronic systems displaying interaction-driven metal-insulator transitions of the Mott (or Wigner--Mott) type, including dilute two-dimension electron gases (2DEG) in semiconductors, Mott organic materials, as well as the recently discovered transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) moiré bilayers. Remarkably similar behavior is found in all these systems, which is starting to paint a robust picture of Mott criticality. Most notable, on the metallic side a resistivity maximum is observed whose temperature scale vanishes at the transition. We compare the available experimental data on these systems to three existing theoretical scenarios: spinon theory, Dynamical Mean Field Theory (DMFT) and percolation theory. We show that the DMFT and percolation pictures for Mott criticality can be distinguished by studying the origins of the resistivity maxima using an analysis of the dielectric response.
description: Contribution to Special Issue "New Spin on Metal-Insulator Transitions" in Crystals, Guest Editor: A. Pustogow
The evolution of imperfection and the imperfection of evolution: the functional and functionless fractions of the human genome
Creators: name: Graur, Dan
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Because genomes are products of evolution rather than “intelligent design,” all genomes contain nonfunctional parts. The ENCODE consortium claimed that the human genome is almost entirely functional. Here, we expose one logical error (among many) in ENCODE, present a biological meaningful definition of function, put forward an evolutionary relevant nomenclature for the functional and nonfunctional parts of genomes, present two arguments for the existence of vast quantities of junk DNA in the human genome, and summarize recent estimates for the functional fraction. As a bonus, a primer of evolutionary biology (in less than 2,000 characters) is provided.
Wildlife restoration: mainstreaming translocations to keep common species common
Creators: name: Watson, David
name: Watson, Maggie
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: In most urban and agricultural landscapes, remnants of native vegetation are surrounded by an inhospitable matrix. Although vagile species come and go, many reptiles, amphibians and small mammals are effectively stranded and declining towards local extinction. In the same landscapes, other areas where these species are absent are improving in habitat quality, both through natural regeneration and active restoration efforts. So, for many species in many domesticated landscapes, there are too many individuals in some patches of decreasing quality and no individuals in patches of increasing quality. The solution? Targeted translocations of dispersal-limited animals to in-fill distributional ranges, increase population size and improve both demographic and genetic connectivity. In contrast to conventional reintroduction schemes—expensive, reactive interventions involving trained specialists and captive-raised endangered species—wildlife restoration is inexpensive, proactive, community-driven initiatives aimed to avert future declines by keeping common species common.
Simulations of the Spectral Resolving Power of a Compact Space-Borne Immersion-Echelle Spectrometer Using Mid-Infrared Wave Tracing
Creators: name: Itoh, Satoshi
name: Ishihara, Daisuke
name: Wada, Takehiko
name: Nakagawa, Takao
name: Oyabu, Shinki
name: Kaneda, Hidehiro
name: Hirahara, Yasuhiro
name: consortium, the SMI
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed wave-optics-based numerical simulations at mid-infrared wavelengths to investigate how the presence or absence of entrance slits and optical aberrations affect the spectral resolving power $R$ of a compact, high-spectral-resolving-power spectrometer containing an immersion-echelle grating. We tested three cases of telescope aberration (aberration-free, astigmatism and spherical aberration), assuming the aberration budget of the Space Infrared Telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics (SPICA), which has a 20-$\mathrm{μm}$-wavelength diffraction limit. In cases with a slit, we found that the value of $R$ at around 10--20 $\mathrm{μm}$ is approximately independent of the assumed aberrations, which is significantly different from the prediction of geometrical optics. Our results also indicate that diffraction from the slit improves $R$ by enlarging the effective illuminated area on the grating window and that this improvement decreases at short wavelengths. For the slit-less cases, we found that the impact of aberrations on $R$ can be roughly estimated using the Strehl ratio.
description: Accepted for publication in the Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems (JATIS)
Advocacy agenda on global Open Data for agriculture and nutrition
Creators: name: Laperrière, André
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Open access to research, and open publication of data, are vital resources for food security and nutrition, driven by farmers, farmer organizations, researchers, extension experts, policy makers, governments, and other private sector and civil society stakeholders participating in “innovation systems” and along value chains. Lack of institutional, national, and international policies and openness of data limit the effectiveness of agricultural and nutritional data from research and innovation. Making open data work for agriculture and nutrition requires a shared agenda to increase the supply, quality, and interoperability of data, alongside action to build capacity for the use of data by all stakeholders.