cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of the factors affecting residential and industrial water use
Creators: name: Weeks, Clive Robert.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
A random version of principal component analysis in data clustering
Creators: name: Palese, Luigi Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widespread technique for data analysis that relies on the covariance-correlation matrix of the analyzed data. However to properly work with high-dimensional data, PCA poses severe mathematical constraints on the minimum number of different replicates or samples that must be included in the analysis. Here we show that a modified algorithm works not only on well dimensioned datasets, but also on degenerated ones.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Coherent spin dynamics and carrier-nuclear interaction in lead halide perovskite crystals
Creators: name: Kirstein, Johan Erik
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Perowskit
subject: Spindynamik
subject: Pump Probe Kerr Spektroskopie
subject: Kernspinresonanz
subject: 530
subject: perowskit
subject: Spindynamik
subject: Ladungsträger
subject: Magnetische Kernresonanz

description: In the present work, the charge carrier spin dynamics in lead halide perovskites APbX3, with X = {I,Br,Cl} are studied. The lead halide perovskites are distinguished with respect to the groups of purely inorganic perovskites with A = Cs and hybrid organic inorganic ones with A = {MA,FA} (methylammonium and formamidinium), as well as their size, i. e. macroscopic single crystals or nano crystals. The spin dynamics of the charge carriers, electrons and holes, are mainly investigated using picosecond resolution Kerr and Faraday spectroscopy. In addition, the observation of the spin dynamics is complemented by exciton spectroscopy (polarization-resolved photoluminescence, reflection, and transmission) and time-resolved differential reflectometry. Nanosecond spin dynamics are observed and the underlying interaction mechanisms are revealed by the experimental techniques, with a focus on interaction of charge carrier and nuclear spins.
description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Ladungsträger-Spindynamik in Blei-Halogen-Perowskiten APbX3, mit X = {I,Br,Cl} untersucht. Die Blei-Halogen-Perowskite werden in rein inorganische Perowskite mit A =Cs und hybride organisch-inorganische mit A = {MA,FA} (Methylammonium and Formamidinium) sowie in ihrer Größe als makroskopische Einkristalle und Nanokristalle unterschieden. Die Spindynamik der Ladungsträger, Elektronen und Löcher, wird hauptsächlich anhand von Kerr- und Faraday-Spektroskopie mit einer Pikosekunden Auflösung untersucht. Zusätzlich wird die Spindynamik durch Exzitonen-spektroskopie (polarisationsaufgelöste Photolumineszenz, Reflektion und Transmission) sowie durch zeitaufgelöste differentielle Reflektrometrie untersucht. Es werden nanosekundenlange Spindynamiken beobachtet, deren zugrundeliegende Wechselwirkungsmechanismen durch die experimentellen Techniken aufgedeckt werden. Ein Schwerpunkt liegt hierbei auf der Untersuchung der Ladungsträger-Kern-Spinwechselwirkung.
Time dependence of the electron and positron components of the cosmic radiation measured by the PAMELA experiment between July 2006 and December 2015
Creators: name: Adriani, O.
name: Barbarino, G. C.
name: Bazilevskaya, G. A.
name: Bellotti, R.
name: Boezio, M.
name: Bogomolov, E. A.
name: Bongi, M.
name: Bonvicini, V.
name: Bottai, S.
name: Bruno, A.
name: Cafagna, F.
name: Campana, D.
name: Carlson, P.
name: Casolino, M.
name: Castellini, G.
name: De Santis, C.
name: Di Felice, V.
name: Galper, A. M.
name: Karelin, A. V.
name: Koldashov, S. V.
name: Koldobskiy, S. A.
name: Krutkov, S. Y.
name: Kvashnin, A. N.
name: Leonov, A.
name: Malakhov, V.
name: Marcelli, L.
name: Martucci, M.
name: Mayorov, A. G.
name: Menn, W.
name: Merge, M.
name: Mikhailov, V. V.
name: Mocchiutti, E.
name: Monaco, A.
name: Mori, N.
name: Munini, R.
name: Osteria, G.
name: Panico, B.
name: Papini, P.
name: Pearce, M.
name: Picozza, P.
name: Ricci, M.
name: Ricciarini, S. B.
name: Simon, M.
name: Sparvoli, R.
name: Spillantini, P.
name: Stozhkov, Y. I.
name: Vacchi, A.
name: Vannuccini, E.
name: Vasilyev, G. I.
name: Voronov, S. A.
name: Yurkin, Y. T.
name: Zampa, G.
name: Zampa, N.
name: Potgieter, M. S.
name: Vos, E. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic-ray electrons and positrons are a unique probe of the propagation of cosmic rays as well as of the nature and distribution of particle sources in our Galaxy. Recent measurements of these particles are challenging our basic understanding of the mechanisms of production, acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays. Particularly striking are the differences between the low energy results collected by the space-borne PAMELA and AMS-02 experiments and older measurements pointing to sign-charge dependence of the solar modulation of cosmic-ray spectra. The PAMELA experiment has been measuring the time variation of the positron and electron intensity at Earth from July 2006 to December 2015 covering the period for the minimum of solar cycle 23 (2006-2009) till the middle of the maximum of solar cycle 24, through the polarity reversal of the heliospheric magnetic field which took place between 2013 and 2014. The positron to electron ratio measured in this time period clearly shows a sign-charge dependence of the solar modulation introduced by particle drifts. These results provide the first clear and continuous observation of how drift effects on solar modulation have unfolded with time from solar minimum to solar maximum and their dependence on the particle rigidity and the cyclic polarity of the solar magnetic field.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
[El Artefacto] Ergonarrativas y la construcción ficcional a partir de lo ausente. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México.
Creators: name: Ponce Díaz, Romano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Videojuegos
Literatura ergódica
Narrativa Audiovisual
Artes visuales
Estudios Visuales

description: Trabajo Terminal de Grado para obtención el grado de Maestro en Estudios Visuales en la Facultad de Artes de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Aborda a los videojuegos desde la perspectiva Ergódica propuesta por Espen Aarseth y explora la relación entre "lo que se cuenta" y "lo que no se cuenta" y la manera en que el lector ergódico tiene la capacidad de generar su propia "verdad ficcional" y conocimiento a partir de la interpretación y el "Dasein" el acto de ser y estar ahí. Se acuñan diferentes términos para estabilizar conceptos ausentes en diversos estudios críticos de los videojuegos. Igualmente se proponen niveles de "Dasein" o "Metempsicosis" que suceden en los videojuegos, buscando aplicar el modelo teórico en el diseño y elaboración de una Ergonarrativa o videojuego, utilizando elementos de simbolismo hermetico, con la finalidad de abonar y explorar las diferentes interpretaciones que pueda provocar la narrativa en el lector ergódico. El documento fue elaborado en el periodo de tiempo de septiembre de 2011 y agosto 2013 en el marco de la Maestría en Estudios Visuales de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México en Toluca, México, con apoyos del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (Conacyt).
description: [El Artefacto] Ergonarrativas y la construcción ficcional a partir de lo ausente. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Maestría en Estudios Visuales (pnpc)
Two electronic test sets for the measurement of transistor parameters
Creators: name: Watt, Geoffrey Chalmers.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Properties of long-term optical variability of active galactic nuclei with double-peaked broad low-ionization emission lines
Creators: name: Zhang, XueGuang
name: Feng, LongLong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this manuscript, we study properties of long-term optical variability of a large sample of 106 SDSS spectroscopically confirmed AGN with double-peaked broad low-ionization emission lines (double-peaked emitters). The long-term optical light curves over 8 years are collected from the Catalina Sky Surveys Data Release 2. And, the Damped Random Walk (DRW) process is applied to describe the long-term variability of the double-peaked emitters. Meanwhile, the same DRW process is applied to long-term optical light curves of more than 7000 spectroscopically confirmed normal quasars in the SDSS Stripe82 Database. Then, we can find that the DRW process determined rest-frame intrinsic variability timescales $\ln(τ/{\rm days})$ are about 5.8 and about 4.8 for the double-peaked emitters and for the normal quasars, respectively. The statistically longer intrinsic variability timescales can be confirmed in the double-peaked emitters, after considerations of necessary effects, such as the effects from different distributions of redshift, BH mass and accretion rate between the double-peaked emitters and the normal quasars. Moreover, a radial dependence of accretion rate $\dot{m}_{\rm R}~\propto~R^β$ with larger values of $β$ could be an acceptable interpretation of the longer intrinsic variability timescales in the double-peaked emitters. Therefore, there are different intrinsic properties of emission regions between the double-peaked emitters and the normal quasars. The double-peaked emitters can be well treated as an unique subclass of AGN.
description: 17 pages, 2 tables, 10 figures, Accepted to be published in MNRAS
Pullback Crossed Modules in the Category of Racks
Creators: name: Emir, Kadir
name: Akay, Hatice Gülsün
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D05, 18A30, 18A40

description: In this paper, we define the pullback crossed modules in the category of racks which mainly based on a pullback diagram of rack morphisms with extra crossed module data on some of its arrows. Furthermore we prove that the conjugation functor, which is defined between the category of crossed modules of groups and of racks, preserves the pullback crossed modules.
description: Preliminary version
Crystallisation of barium sulphate
Creators: name: Verma, Ghanshyam Dass.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Factors Affecting Quality of External Auditing: the Case of Ethiopian Commercial Banks
Creators: name: Kitata, Solomon
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Subjecting financial statements to external verification and assurance is a mechanism through which managers can add credibility to the reports, enhance and improve the quality of financial information, while increasing the reliance placed upon them (Jensen & Meckling, 1976; Watts & Zimmerman, 1986).Since DeAngelo's study (1981) on audit quality, there is little evidence about audit quality in the financial market. In Ethiopia, studies on audit quality began only in the 2000s, although without a specific focus on banks. The purpose of this study was to identify the quality determinants of audit work in Ethiopian banking institutions. Using the practice of earnings management as a proxy for audit quality - more specifically, the discretionary accruals related to the process of the constitution of the Loan Loss Provision (LLP) - tests were performed based on the annual information of commercial banks from 2005 to 2014. Empirical association tests of the audit quality proxy with the variables representing incentives for the performance of auditors have confirmed two of the seven research hypotheses, revealing that audit quality has the following relationships: positive with the bank size and negative with audit fee paid by the bank. Of the hypotheses tested, five were not confirmed empirically. Keywords: Audit quality, Earning Management, Loan Loss Provision
Pyrimidinone: Versatile Trojan horse in DNA photodamage?
Creators: name: Micheel, Mathias
name: Torres Ziegenbein, Christian
name: Gilch, Peter
name: Ryseck, Gerald
Publisher: name: Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: cytidine
subject: DNA
subject: hydrogen
subject: methanol
subject: pyrimidin-2-one beta-ribofuranoside
subject: 620

description: (6-4) Photolesions between adjacent pyrimidine DNA bases are prone to secondary photochemistry. It has been shown that singlet excited (6-4) moieties form Dewar valence isomers as well as triplet excitations. We here report on the triplet state of a minimal model for the (6-4) photolesion, 1-methyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone. Emphasis is laid on its ability to abstract hydrogen atoms from alcohols and carbohydrates. Steady-state and time-resolved experiments consistently yield bimolecular rate constants of ∼104 M−1 s−1 for the hydrogen abstraction. The process also occurs intramolecularly as experiments on zebularine (1-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)-2(1H)-pyrimidinone) show.
Supplementary data on light spectra and invertebrate taxa from Long-term exposure to experimental light affects the ground-dwelling invertebrate community, independent of light spectra
Creators: name: Spoelstra, Kamiel
name: Teurlincx, Sven
name: Courbois, Matthijs
name: Hopkins, Zoë M.
name: Visser, Marcel E.
name: Jones, Therésa M.
name: Hopkins, Gareth R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This file contains the full spectra of the lights applied, and a full list of all taxa identified in the pitfalls placed near the experimental light sources
Charge transfer characteristics of F6TCNNQ–gold interface
Creators: name: Kuhrt, Robert
name: Hantusch, Martin
name: Knupfer, Martin
name: Büchner, Bernd
Publisher: name: Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: charge transfer
subject: F6TCNNQ
subject: interface
subject: organic semiconductor
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 540
subject: 530

description: The metal–organic interface between polycrystalline gold and hexafluorotetracyanonaphthoquinodimethane (F6TCNNQ) was investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy with the focus on the charge transfer characteristics from the metal to the molecule. The valence levels, as well as the core levels of the heterojunction, indicate a full electron transfer and a change in the chemical environment. The changes are observed in the first F6TCNNQ layers, whereas for further film growth, only neutral F6TCNNQ molecules could be detected. New occupied states below the Fermi level were observed in the valence levels, indicating a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) occupation due to the charge transfer. A fitting of the spectra reveals the presence of a neutral and a charged F6TCNNQ molecules, but no further species were present.
Presupernova neutrino events relating to the final evolution of massive stars
Creators: name: Yoshida, Takashi
name: Takahashi, Koh
name: Umeda, Hideyuki
name: Ishidoshiro, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a supernova explosion occurs in neighbors around hundreds pc, current and future neutrino detectors are expected to observe neutrinos from the presupernova star before the explosion. We show a possibility for obtaining the evidence for burning processes in the central region of presupernova stars though the observations of neutrino signals by current and future neutrino detectors such as KamLAND, JUNO, and Hyper-Kamiokande. We also investigate supernova alarms using neutrinos from presupernova stars in neighbors. If a supernova explodes at ~ 200 pc, future 20 kton size liquid scintillation detectors are expected to observe hundreds neutrino events. We also propose a possibility of the detection of neutrino events by Gd-loaded Hyper-Kamiokande using delayed $γ$-ray signals. These detectors could observe detailed time variation of neutrino events. The neutrino emission rate increases by the core contraction in the final evolution stage. However, the O and Si shell burnings suppress the neutrino emission for a moment. The observed decrease in the neutrino event rate before hours to the explosion is possibly evidence for the shell burnings. The observations of detailed time evolution of presupernova neutrino events could reveal properties of burning processes in the central region of presupernova stars.
description: 20 pages, 21 figures, 5 tables, PRD published
ตัวแบบพยากรณ์ปริมาณการส่งออกต้นกล้วยไม้ของประเทศไทย
Creators: name: วรางคณา เรียนสุทธิ์
Publisher: name: King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi
Year: 2022
Subjects: Orchids
Export
Box-Jenkins
Exponential Smoothing
Combining Forecasts

description: KMUTT Research and Development Journal, 45, 4, 455-467
Improving the Flux Calibration in Reverberation Mapping by Spectral Fitting: Application to the Seyfert Galaxy MCG--6-30-15
Creators: name: Hu, Chen
name: Wang, Jian-Min
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Bai, Jin-Ming
name: Li, Yan-Rong
name: Du, Pu
name: Lu, Kai-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method for the flux calibration of reverberation mapping spectra based on accurate measurement of [O III] $λ5007$ emission by spectral fitting. The method can achieve better accuracy than the traditional method of van Groningen & Wanders (1992), allowing reverberation mapping measurements for object with variability amplitudes as low as $\sim$ 5%. As a demonstration, we reanalyze the data of the Seyfert 1 galaxy MCG--6-30-15 taken from the 2008 campaign of the Lick AGN Monitoring Project, which previously failed to obtain a time lag for this weakly variable object owing to a relatively large flux calibration uncertainty. We detect a statistically significant rest-frame time lag of $6.38_{-2.69}^{+3.07}$ days between the H$β$ and $V$-band light curves. Combining this lag with FWHM(H$β$) = $1933\pm81$ $\rm km~s^{-1}$ and a virial coefficient of $f$ = 0.7, we derive a virial black hole mass of $3.26_{-1.40}^{+1.59}\times10^6$ $M_{\odot}$, which agrees well with previous estimates by other methods.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Heterogeneous freezing on pyroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) thin films
Creators: name: Apelt, Sabine
name: Höhne, Susanne
name: Uhlmann, Petra
name: Bergmann, Ute
Publisher: name: Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: electric double layer
subject: heterogeneous freezing
subject: P(VDF-TrFE)
subject: parameter study
subject: pyroelectric effect
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 540
subject: 530

description: Active deicing of technical surfaces, such as for wind turbines and heat exchangers, currently requires the usage of heat or chemicals. Passive coating strategies that postpone the freezing of covering water would be beneficial in order to save costs and energy. One hypothesis is that pyroelectric active materials can achieve this because of the surface charges generated on these materials when they are subject to a temperature change. High-quality poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) thin films with a high crystallinity, prefererd edge-on orientation, low surface roughness, and comprised of the β-analogous ferroelectric phase were deposited by spin-coating. Freezing experiments with a cooling rate of 1 K min−1 were made on P(VDF-TrFE) coatings in order to separate the effect of different parameters such as the poling direction, film thickness, used solvent, deposition process, underlying substrate, and annealing temperature on the achievable supercooling. The topography and the underlying substrate significantly changed the distribution of freezing temperatures of water droplets in contact with these thin films. In contrast, no significant effect of the thickness, morphology, or pyroelectric effect of the as-prepared domain-state on the freezing temperatures was found.
Nanocarriers in photodynamic therapy—in vitro and in vivo studies
Creators: name: Sztandera, Krzysztof
name: Gorzkiewicz, Michał
name: Klajnert‐Maculewicz, Barbara
Publisher: name: Malden, MA : Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: nanocarriers
subject: photodynamic therapy
subject: photosensitizer
subject: singlet oxygen
subject: 610
subject: 570

description: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive technique which has proven to be successful in the treatment of several types of tumors. This relatively simple method exploits three inseparable elements: phototoxic compound (photosensitizer [PS]), light source, and oxygen. Upon irradiation by light with specified wavelength, PS generates reactive oxygen species, which starts the cascade of reactions leading to cell death. The positive therapeutic outcome of PDT may be limited due to several aspects, including low water solubility of PSs, hampering their effective administration and blood circulation, as well as low tumor specificity, inefficient cellular uptake and activation energies requiring prolonged illumination times. One of the promising approaches to overcome these obstacles involves the use of carrier systems modulating pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the PSs. In the present review, we summarized current in vitro and in vivo studies regarding the use of nanoparticles as potential delivery devices for PSs to enhance their cellular uptake and cytotoxic properties, and thus—the therapeutic outcome of PDT.
Total infrared luminosity estimation from local galaxies in AKARI all sky survey
Creators: name: Solarz, A.
name: Takeuchi, T. T.
name: Pollo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to use the a new and improved version of AKARI all sky survey catalogue of far-infrared sources to recalibrate the formula to derive the total infrared luminosity. We cross-match the faint source catalogue (FSC) of IRAS with the new AKARI-FIS and obtained a sample of 2430 objects. Then we calculate the total infrared (TIR) luminosity $L_{\textrm{TIR}}$ from the Sanders at al. (1996) formula and compare it with total infrared luminosity from AKARI FIS bands to obtain new coefficients for the general relation to convert FIR luminosity from AKARI bands to the TIR luminosity.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
A biochemical engineering analysis of the trickling filtration process
Creators: name: Vaughan, Gerard Marshall.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
The Impacts of Working Capital Management on Firm's Profitability
Creators: name: Samuel, Eskedar
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Management of working capital refers to management of current assets and current liabilities. Firms may have an optimal level of working capital that maximizes their value. Prior evidence has determined the relationship between working capital and performance. Thus, this study examined the impact of working capital management on firms" performance by using audited financial statements of a sample of 9 textile manufacturing share companies in Ethiopia for the period of 2010 to 2014. The performance was measured in terms of profitability by return on total assets as dependent variables. The working capital was determined by the Cash conversion period, Accounts receivable period, inventory conversion period and accounts payable period are used as independent working capital variables. Moreover, the traditional measures, current ratio are used as liquidity indicators, firm size as measured by logarithm of sales, firm growth rate as measured by change in annual sales and financial leverage as control variables. The data was analyzed using E-view version 8, estimation equation by pooled panel data regression models of cross-sectional and time series data were used for analysis. Results indicate that longer accounts receivable and inventory holding periods are associated with lower profitability. The results also show that there exists significant negative relationship between cash conversion cycle and profitability measures of the sampled firms. On the other hand, findings show that a insignificant negative relationship between account receivable period, inventory conversion period and account payable period with return on asset. The results conclude that cash conversion cycle has significant negative relationship with return on asset. In general paying suppliers longer and collecting payments from customers earlier, and keeping product in stock less time, are all associated with an increase in the firms performance. Managers, therefore, can increase firms" profitability by improving the performance of management of working capital components. Keywords: working capital, working capital management, firm size, cash conversion cycle and profitability
Spatial Heterogeneity Enables Higher Root Water Uptake in Dry Soil but Protracts Water Stress After Transpiration Decline: A Numerical Study
Creators: name: Von Jeetze, Patrick José
name: Zarebanadkouki, Mohsen
name: Carminati, Andrea
Publisher: name: [New York] : Wiley
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: effective soil hydraulic conductivity
subject: leaf water potential
subject: root water uptake
subject: root-soil interface
subject: soil heterogeneity heterogeneity
subject: soil water potential
subject: 550

description: A common assumption in models of water flow from soil to root is that the soil can be described in terms of its representative or effective behavior. Microscale heterogeneity and structure are thereby replaced by effective descriptions, and their role in flow processes at the root-soil interface is neglected. Here the aim was to explore whether a detailed characterization of the microscale heterogeneity at the scale of a single root impacts the relation between flow rate and pressure gradient. Numerical simulations of water flow toward a root surface were carried out in a two-dimensional domain with a randomized configuration of spatially variable unsaturated hydraulic conductivities and varying boundary conditions, that is, increasing and decreasing root water uptake rates. By employing Matheron's method, the soil hydraulic properties were varied, while the effective hydraulic conductivity (corresponding to the geometric mean) remained unchanged. Results show that domains with a uniform conductivity could not capture important features of water flow and pressure distribution in spatially variable domains. Specifically, increasing heterogeneity at the root-soil interface allowed to sustain higher root water uptake rates but caused a slower recovery in xylem suction after transpiration ceased. The significance of this is that, under critical conditions, when pressure gradients and flow rates are high, microscale heterogeneity may become an important determinant and should not be neglected in adequate descriptions of water flow from soil to root in dry soil.
Heat flux of a granular gas with homogeneous temperature
Creators: name: Khalil, Nagi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A steady state of a granular gas with homogeneous granular temperature, no mass flow, and nonzero heat flux is studied. The state is created by applying an external position--dependent force or by enclosing the grains inside a curved two--dimensional silo. At a macroscopic level, the state is identified with one solution to the inelastic Navier--Stokes equations, due to the coupling between the heat flux induced by the density gradient and the external force. On the contrary, at the mesoscopic level, by exactly solving a BGK model or the inelastic Boltzmann equation in an approximate way, a one--parametric family of solutions is found. Molecular dynamics simulations of the system in the quasi--elastic limit are in agreement with the theoretical results.
Cosmic X-ray surveys of Active Galactic Nuclei: synergy between X-ray and infrared observations
Creators: name: Alexander, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly review the synergy between X-ray and infrared observations for Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) detected in cosmic X-ray surveys, primarily with XMM-Newton, Chandra, and NuSTAR. We focus on two complementary aspects of this X-ray-infrared synergy (1) the identification of the most heavily obscured AGNs and (2) the connection between star formation and AGN activity. We also briefly discuss future prospects for X-ray-infrared studies over the next decade.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomische Nachrichten as part of the proceedings of the workshop "XMM-Newton: The Next Decade"
Powers of 10: seeking ‘sweet spots’ for rapid climate and sustainability actions between individual and global scales
Creators: name: Bhowmik, Avit K.
name: McCaffrey, Mark S.
name: Ruskey, Abigail M.
name: Frischmann, Chad
name: Gaffney, Owen
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publ.
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: agency
subject: climate action
subject: climate mitigation
subject: paris agreement
subject: scale
subject: sustainability
subject: 690

description: Achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement and related sustainability initiatives will require halving of global greenhouse gas emissions each decade from now on through to 2050, when net zero emissions should be achieved. To reach such significant reductions requires a rapid and strategic scaling of existing and emerging technologies and practices, coupled with economic and social transformations and novel governance solutions. Here we present a new ‘Powers of 10’ (P10) logarithmic framework and demonstrate its potential as a practical tool for decision makers and change agents at multiple scales to inform and catalyze engagement and actions, complementing and adding nuance to existing frameworks. P10 assists in identifying the suitable cohorts and cohort ranges for rapidly deploying climate and sustainability actions between a single individual and the globally projected ∼ 10 billion persons by 2050. Applying a robust dataset of climate solutions from Project Drawdown’s Plausible scenario that could cumulatively reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 1051 gigatons (Gt) against a reference scenario (2190 Gt) between 2020 and 2050, we seek to identify a ‘sweet spot’ where these climate and sustainability actions are suitably scaled. We suggest that prioritizing the analyzed climate actions between community and urban scales, where global and local converge, can help catalyze and enhance individual, household and local practices, and support national and international policies and finances for rapid sustainability transformations.
Chemical ordering beyond the superstructure in long-range ordered systems
Creators: name: Stana, Markus
name: Sepiol, Bogdan
name: Kozubski, Rafal
name: Leitner, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To describe chemical ordering in solid solutions systems Warren-Cowley short-range parameters are ordinarily used. However, they are not directly suited for application to long-range ordered systems, as they do not converge to zero for large separations. It is the aim of this paper to generalize the theory to long-range ordered systems and quantitatively discuss chemical short-range order beyond the superstructure arrangements. This is demonstrated on the example of a non-stoichiometric B2-ordered intermetallic alloy. Parameters of interatomic potentials are taken from an embedded atom method (EAM) calculations and the degree of order is simulated by the Monte Carlo method. Both on-lattice and off-lattice methods, where the latter allows individual atoms to deviate from their regular lattice sites, were used, and the resulting effects are discussed.
Simultaneous Water Vapor and Dry Air Optical Path Length Measurements and Compensation with the Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer
Creators: name: Defrère, D.
name: Hinz, P.
name: Downey, E.
name: Böhm, M.
name: Danchi, W. C.
name: Durney, O.
name: Ertel, S.
name: Hill, J. M.
name: Hoffmann, W. F.
name: Mennesson, B.
name: Millan-Gabet, R.
name: Montoya, M.
name: Pott, J. -U.
name: Skemer, A.
name: Spalding, E.
name: Stone, J.
name: Vaz, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer uses a near-infrared camera to measure the optical path length variations between the two AO-corrected apertures and provide high-angular resolution observations for all its science channels (1.5-13 $μ$m). There is however a wavelength dependent component to the atmospheric turbulence, which can introduce optical path length errors when observing at a wavelength different from that of the fringe sensing camera. Water vapor in particular is highly dispersive and its effect must be taken into account for high-precision infrared interferometric observations as described previously for VLTI/MIDI or the Keck Interferometer Nuller. In this paper, we describe the new sensing approach that has been developed at the LBT to measure and monitor the optical path length fluctuations due to dry air and water vapor separately. After reviewing the current performance of the system for dry air seeing compensation, we present simultaneous H-, K-, and N-band observations that illustrate the feasibility of our feedforward approach to stabilize the path length fluctuations seen by the LBTI nuller.
description: SPIE conference proceedings
On the relationship between Atlantic meridional overturning circulation slowdown and global surface warming
Creators: name: Caesar, L.
name: Rahmstorf, S.
name: Feulner, G.
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publ.
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
subject: global surface warming
subject: ocean heat uptake
subject: 690

description: According to established understanding, deep-water formation in the North Atlantic and Southern Ocean keeps the deep ocean cold, counter-acting the downward mixing of heat from the warmer surface waters in the bulk of the world ocean. Therefore, periods of strong Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) are expected to coincide with cooling of the deep ocean and warming of the surface waters. It has recently been proposed that this relation may have reversed due to global warming, and that during the past decades a strong AMOC coincides with warming of the deep ocean and relative cooling of the surface, by transporting increasingly warmer waters downward. Here we present multiple lines of evidence, including a statistical evaluation of the observed global mean temperature, ocean heat content, and different AMOC proxies, that lead to the opposite conclusion: even during the current ongoing global temperature rise a strong AMOC warms the surface. The observed weakening of the AMOC has therefore delayed global surface warming rather than enhancing it
Climate change in Longyearbyen, Svalbard: Observed societal impacts and adaptations
Creators: name: Meyer, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Longyearbyen, Svalbard
Climate change
Adaptation

description: Abstract Longyearbyen, Svalbard, has become somewhat of a showcase of Arctic climate change, however, we know little about the societal impacts of and local responses to these changes. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and qualitative interviews with planners, engineers, architects, scientists, people working in construction, and local politicians in Longyearbyen, and focusing on climate change impacts on the built environment, this paper aims to 1) describe observed changes and perceived societal impacts of climate change, and 2) describe and discuss adaptation measures, related discourses on adaptation, as well as challenges to adaptation. This paper aims to fill a gap by examining climate change impacts and adaptation in a non-indigenous “community of experts”, in a Western sense of the term. Those involved in planning, building and maintaining Longyearbyen observe environmental changes and various impacts on the built environment of the town. From their point of view, climate change is considered a technical challenge, to be solved by experts. Adaptation is considered necessary, and technically feasible, displaying a techno-fix-approach to adaptation informed by a Western approach to nature as something that can be dealt with and tamed by the means of science and technology. In this sense, Longyearbyen is a “community of experts” with a broad scientific knowledge base for climate change adaptation. The tragic avalanches that hit the town in 2015 and 2017 continue to shape adaptive governance and actions, which are guided and defined by a dominant discourse on safety, legitimizing extensive security measures and resource-intensive projects.
Synchronization of coupled noisy oscillators: Coarse-graining from continuous to discrete phases
Creators: name: Escaff, Daniel
name: Rosas, Alexandre
name: Toral, Raul
name: Lindenberg, Katja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theoretical description of synchronization phenomena often relies on coupled units of continuous time noisy Markov chains with a small number of states in each unit. It is frequently assumed, either explicitly or implicitly, that coupled discrete-state noisy Markov units can be used to model mathematically more complex coupled noisy continuous phase oscillators. In this work we explore conditions that justify this assumption by coarse-graining continuous phase units. In particular, we determine the minimum number of states necessary to justify this correspondence for Kuramoto-like oscillators.
Challenges and Prospect of E-Banking in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Kinfe, Mattewos
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Despite the growth of e-banking adoption worldwide, Ethiopian banks continue to conduct most of their banking transactions using traditional methods. The general objective of the study was assessment of the current extent and practices, benefits realized by banks, driving forces, opportunities and challenges for the adoption of e-banking service in Ethiopia. From this general objective, five specific issues were explored. An exploratory research design was employed to conduct this study. Both primary and secondary qualitative data were collected for the purpose of this study from the E-banking Department of each bank at the head office level and bank web sites respectively. The collected data was analyzed by using descriptive analysis such as tables and percentages. From the analysis of the collected data, the findings revealed that: balance inquiry, cash withdrawal, funds transfer within same bank, statement printings a r e some the major practice of e-banking in those banks that are providing the service to their customer. The different e-banking channels by which banks are using to provide these services to their customers are ATM, debit card, Internet banking and Mobile banking. In addition to this some banks start to provide different type of card services. On the View point of the bank Cost reduction, coverage of wide geographical area, customer satisfactions are some of the benefits of using E banking. The driving forces that initiate banks to adopt e-banking services are : existence of high competition in the banking industry, desire to improve organizational performance, desire to reduce transaction cost, desire to cover wide geographical area, and desire to build organizational reputation are among others. Chances of risk, Lack of suitable legal and regulatory framework, absence of financial networks that links different banks, Low level of internet penetration and poorly developed telecommunication infrastructure, high cost of internet, security concerns are among the major challenges of e-banking service in the country. However, late adopter opportunities, improvement in the banking habit of the society, commitment of the government to facilitate the expansion of ICT infrastructure and willingness among banks to cooperate in building infrastructure are the major opportunities for the adoption of the system in the banking industry
Optimum analog demodulation and linearised realisable solution for a class of modulating spectra
Creators: name: Tong, Yew Foon.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
The HADES RV Programme with HARPS-N@TNG. III. Flux-flux and activity-rotation relationships of early-M dwarfs
Creators: name: Maldonado, J.
name: Scandariato, G.
name: Stelzer, B.
name: Biazzo, K.
name: Lanza, A. F.
name: Maggio, A.
name: Micela, G.
name: González-Álvarez, E.
name: Affer, L.
name: Claudi, R. U.
name: Cosentino, R.
name: Damasso, M.
name: Desidera, S.
name: Hernández, J. I. González
name: Gratton, R.
name: Leto, G.
name: Messina, S.
name: Molinari, E.
name: Pagano, I.
name: Perger, M.
name: Piotto, G.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Ribas, I.
name: Sozzetti, A.
name: Mascareño, A. Suárez
name: Sanchez, R. Zanmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) Understanding stellar activity in M dwarfs is crucial for the physics of stellar atmospheres as well as for ongoing radial velocity exoplanet programmes. Despite the increasing interest in M dwarfs, our knowledge of the chromospheres of these stars is far from being complete. We aim to test whether the relations between activity, rotation, and stellar parameters and flux-flux relationships also hold for early-M dwarfs on the main-sequence. We analyse in an homogeneous and coherent way a well defined sample of 71 late-K/early-M dwarfs that are currently being observed in the framework of the HArps-n red Dwarf Exoplanet Survey (HADES). Rotational velocities are derived using the cross-correlation technique while emission flux excesses in the Ca II H & K and Balmer lines from Halpha up to Hepsilon are obtained by using the spectral subtraction technique. The relationships between the emission excesses and the stellar parameters are studied. Relations between pairs of fluxes of different chromospheric lines are also studied. We find that the strength of the chromospheric emission in the Ca II H & K and Balmer lines is roughly constant for stars in the M0-M3 spectral range. Our data suggest that a moderate but significant correlation between activity and rotation might be present as well as a hint of kinematically selected young stars showing higher levels of emission. We find our sample of M dwarfs to be complementary in terms of chromospheric and X-ray fluxes with those of the literature, extending the analysis of the flux-flux relationships to the very low flux domain. Our results agree with previous works suggesting that the activity-rotation-age relationship known to hold for solar-type stars also applies to early-M dwarfs. We also confirm previous findings that the field stars which deviate from the bulk of the empirical flux-flux relationships show evidence of youth.
description: Accepted for publication by Astronomy & Astrophysics, This version: some typos corrected
NIRPS Sun-as-a-Star Observations
Creators: name: Al Moulla, Khaled
name: Dumusque, Xavier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The newly commissioned Near Infra Red Planet Searcher (NIRPS) spectrograph will offer a unique opportunity of studying stellar activity at high resolution with simultaneous near-infrared and optical wavelengths since it is planned to work in unison with the HARPS spectrograph, both located at the ESO 3.6m telescope in La Silla, Chile. Furthermore, during day-time operations the two instruments are fed by the solar tracker HELIOS which delivers high S/N, disk-integrated Sun-as-a-Star observations. In this work, we present initial results from HELIOS during the last months of NIRPS commissioning and first few months of official operations. The 1-minute cadence of HELIOS provides a wealth of spectra with which stellar activity, telluric correction and instrumental systematics can be well monitored at the spectral level as well as in extracted radial velocities. Finally, we investigate the chromaticity of stellar activity, such as the wavelength-dependent effect of Zeeman broadening.