cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Estimates on the speedup and slowdown for a diffusion in a drifted brownian potential
Creators: name: Faraud, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F10, 60K37

description: We study a model of diffusion in a brownian potential. This model was firstly introduced by T. Brox (1986) as a continuous time analogue of random walk in random environment. We estimate the deviations of this process above or under its typical behavior. Our results rely on different tools such as a representation introduced by Y. Hu, Z. Shi and M. Yor, Kotani's lemma, introduced at first by K. Kawazu and H. Tanaka (1997), and a decomposition of hitting times developed in a recent article by A. Fribergh, N. Gantert and S. Popov (2008). Our results are in agreement with their results in the discrete case.
A tale of two discourses : university pre-service teachers' and in-service teachers' beliefs and understandings on languages teaching within the Tasmanian context
Creators: name: Ashman, Gregory Ian
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The research investigated pre-service teachers and in-service teachers' beliefs and understandings of Languages teaching in Tasmanian government primary schools. Pre-service and in-service teachers' understandings of languages teaching were identified and analysed using a range of formal, practice-orientated and experiential measures designed to ascertain pedagogical understandings, the role of Languages in a primary curriculum and the requirements for successful languages teaching. As the thesis is situated within the Tasmanian context, it provided contextual information and recommendations that had the capacity to be translated into the local learning environment. The study used both quantitative and qualitative research approaches. The main data collection methods were questionnaire and interview. The pre-service participants for this study were first year and third year undergraduate pre-service teachers from the Bachelor of Education program at the University of Tasmania in Launceston. A total of 185 students were invited to participate in the study. The majority of students was from throughout Tasmania and fell within a wide age range, with the majority between the ages of 18 -25. In-service participants were selected from government primary schools from across the state where a Languages program was in place and where the teacher had been teaching Languages for a minimum of four years. Primarily, this research began with the need to find out more about how, where and why Languages fitted into to both in-service and pre-service teachers' beliefs ‚ÄövÑvÆ to find out the extent of their investment in teaching Languages and how this investment was articulated through their beliefs about Languages and notions of teacher knowledge and teacher identity. Several matters of significance have emerged from the study that highlight the central role that knowledge plays in the construction of teacher identity and the significance of belief systems for supporting adaptive and pedagogically responsible teaching practice.
Vibrational properties of alpha- and sigma-phase Fe-Cr alloy
Creators: name: Dubiel, S. M.
name: Cieslak, J.
name: Sturhahn, W.
name: Sternik, M.
name: Piekarz, P.
name: Stankov, S.
name: Parlinski, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental investigation as well as theoretical calculations, of the Fe-partial phonon density-of-states (DOS) for nominally Fe_52.5Cr_47.5 alloy having (a) alpha- and (b) sigma-phase structure were carried out. The former at sector 3-ID of the Advanced Photon Source, using the method of nuclear resonant inelastic X-ray scattering, and the latter with the direct method [K. Parlinski et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. {78, 4063 (1997)]. The characteristic features of phonon DOS, which differentiate one phase from the other, were revealed and successfully reproduced by the theory. Various data pertinent to the dynamics such as Lamb-Mossbauer factor, f, kinetic energy per atom, E_k, and the mean force constant, D, were directly derived from the experiment and the theoretical calculations, while vibrational specific heat at constant volume, C_V, and vibrational entropy, S were calculated using the Fe-partial DOS. Using the values of f and C_V, we determined values for Debye temperatures, T_D. An excellent agreement for some quantities derived from experiment and first-principles theory, like C_V and quite good one for others like D and S was obtained.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
ESM.pdf from The puzzling relationship between multi-laboratory replications and meta-analyses of the published literature
Creators: name: Lewis, Molly
name: Mathur, Maya B.
name: VanderWeele, Tyler J.
name: Frank, Michael C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: What is the best way to estimate the size of important effects? Should we aggregate across disparate findings using statistical meta-analysis, or instead run large, multi-laboratory replications (MLR)? A recent paper by Kvarven, Strømland and Johannesson (Kvarven et al. 2020 Nat. Hum. Behav. 4, 423–434) compared effect size estimates derived from these two different methods for 15 different psychological phenomena. The authors reported that, for the same phenomenon, the meta-analytic estimate tended to be about three times larger than the MLR estimate. These results are a specific example of a broader question: What is the relationship between meta-analysis and MLR estimates? Kvarven  et al. suggested that their results undermine the value of meta-analysis. By contrast, we argue that both meta-analysis and MLR are informative, and that the discrepancy between the two estimates that they observed is in fact still largely unexplained. Informed by re-analyses of Kvarven  et al.’s data and by other empirical evidence, we discuss possible sources of this discrepancy and argue that understanding the relationship between estimates obtained from these two methods is an important puzzle for future meta-scientific research.
Comparative analysis of the socioeconomic characteristics of foreign and native born farmers in two areas of British Columbia.
Creators: name: Rubidge, Nicholas Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The purpose of this study was to determine the extent that birthplace influences the socio-economic characteristics or the usage of sources of information in samples of farmers from two areas of British Columbia. Two areas of divergent farm types namely the Peace River and South Okanagan areas were chosen for analysis from the sixteen areas surveyed by the ARDA Canada Land Inventory Project in British Columbia. Interview schedules completed in 1967 and 1968 surveys of these areas were used as the source of data. Excluded were all those respondents who sold less than $250 worth of agricultural goods produced on the land they occupied. The Peace River sample consisted of 112 farmers of whom 27.7 percent were foreign born while the South Okanagan sample consisted of 61 farmers of whom 50.8 percent were not born in Canada. The majority of the statistically significant differences in distribution of the socio-economic characteristics and use of information sources among the groups by birthplace of the Peace River were attributable to the age differences between the groups, due to the areas settlement history. There were very few statistically significant differences in distribution noted among the groups of farmers of the South Okanagan. Further there were few differences among the groups by birthplace between the areas studies that could not be attributed to geographic differences between the areas. The results of this study would suggest that place of birth does not strongly influence the socio-economic characteristics or usage of information sources in the two areas studied.
Emersito Seismic Network for Site Effect Studies in L'Aquila town (Central Italy)
Creators: name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
Publisher: name: International Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks
Year: 2009

description: The aim of the Emersito Seismic Network in L'Aquila town and its surrounding area (Aterno valley, central Italy) was to carry on field surveys soon after the mainshock event (2009, 6th April, Mw 6,3) in order to evaluate the local site response through ambient noise and earthquake recordings.
The Impact of Sub-maximal Exercise on Neuropathic Pain, Inflammation, and Affect Among Adults With Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Study
Creators: name: Todd, Kendra R.
name: Van Der Scheer, Jan W.
name: Walsh, Jeremy J.
name: Jackson, Garett S.
name: Dix, Gabriel U.
name: Little, Jonathan Peter
name: Kramer, John L. K.
name: Martin Ginis, Kathleen A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Rehabilitation Sciences
neuropathic pain
exercise
disability
affect
inflammation

description: Introduction: Persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) often report high levels of neuropathic pain (NP) and poor well-being, which may result from increased inflammation. This study examined the impact of sub-maximal aerobic exercise on NP, inflammation and psychological affect among adults with SCI. Methods: Eight active adults with tetraplegia (n-4, AIS A-C) and paraplegia (n = 4, AIS A-C) performed 30-min of arm-crank aerobic exercise and reported their ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) each minute. Measures of NP, affect, and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, IL-1ra, TNF-α) were taken pre-(T0), immediately post-(T1), and 90-min post-exercise (T2). Results: NP decreased between T0 and T1 for tetraplegics (−60%, d = 0.47; CI = −0.32, 2.02) and paraplegics (−16%, d = 0.15; CI = −0.30, 0.90). Correlations between change in cytokines and change in NP were medium-to large for tetraplegics (rs ranged from −0.820 to 0.965) and paraplegics (rs ranged from −0.598 to 0.833). However, the pattern of correlations between change in cytokines and affect was inconsistent between groups. Lower baseline levels of IL-1ra predicted greater decreases in NP immediately post-exercise (r = 0.83, p = 0.01). Conclusion: Sub-maximal exercise can positively impact NP for some persons with SCI. Further experimental research should identify the optimal exercise intensity to reduce NP for persons with SCI, in addition to understanding biomarkers which may predict changes in NP. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03955523.
The role of colour flows in matrix element computations and Monte Carlo simulations
Creators: name: Frixione, Stefano
name: Webber, Bryan R.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
NLO Computations
QCD Phenomenology

description: Abstract: We discuss how colour flows can be used to simplify the computation of matrix elements, and in the context of parton shower Monte Carlos with accuracy beyond leading-colour. We show that, by systematically employing them, the results for tree-level matrix elements and their soft limits can be given in a closed form that does not require any colour algebra. The colour flows that we define are a natural generalization of those exploited by existing Monte Carlos; we construct their representations in terms of different but conceptually equivalent quantities, namely colour loops and dipole graphs, and examine how these objects may help to extend the accuracy of Monte Carlos through the inclusion of subleading-colour effects. We show how the results that we obtain can be used, with trivial modifications, in the context of QCD+QED simulations, since we are able to put the gluon and photon soft-radiation patterns on the same footing. We also comment on some peculiar properties of gluon-only colour flows, and their relationships with established results in the mathematics of permutations.
title: Towards forecasting Dinophysis blooms off NW Iberia: a decade of events
Creators: name: Moita, Teresa
name: Pazos, Yolanda
name: Rocha, Carlos
name: Oliveira, Paulo B.
Publisher: name: ASC 2014 - Theme session H
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
The sea and human culture and societies
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. In NW Iberia, Dinophysis acuminata occurs under different conditions than D.acuta but both species are recurrent every year. A decade (2004-2013) of each species weekly data at two stations located at the entrance of Rías de Aveiro -AV (Portugal) and Pontevedra -PO (Spain), are used to investigate the regional synchronism and mesoscale differences of conditions related to each Dinophysis species detection, bloom (>200 cells.L-1) initiation and development, characterized by a high interannual variability. D.acuta blooms were detected on 2004-2008 and 2013, while D.acuminata blooms occurred every year. The time series analysis shows that the blooms follow a sequence starting in March with D.acuminata in PO, three weeks later in AV, in May D.acuta in AV and, three months later in PO. Exceptionally, D.acuminata blooms occurred earlier at AV than PO in high spring upwelling (2007) or river runoff (2010) years. The 4 years gap (2009-2012) of D.acuta blooms occurred after an anomalous 2008 autumn with intense upwelling which seems to have flushed the species offshelf and displaced the population core equatorwards. Numerical model solutions are used to test transport hypothesis for selected events confirming the advection of D.acuminata blooms from PO to AV and D.acuta from AV to PO.
An open-source automated PEG precipitation assay to measure the relative solubility of proteins with low material requirement
Creators: name: Oeller, Marc
name: Sormanni, Pietro
name: Vendruscolo, Michele
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/1647/2196
/631/1647/2204
article

description: Abstract: The solubility of proteins correlates with a variety of their properties, including function, production yield, pharmacokinetics, and formulation at high concentrations. High solubility is therefore a key requirement for the development of protein-based reagents for applications in life sciences, biotechnology, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Accurate solubility measurements, however, remain challenging and resource intensive, which limits their throughput and hence their applicability at the early stages of development pipelines, when long-lists of candidates are typically available in minute amounts. Here, we present an automated method based on the titration of a crowding agent (polyethylene glycol, PEG) to quantitatively assess relative solubility of proteins using about 200 µg of purified material. Our results demonstrate that this method is accurate and economical in material requirement and costs of reagents, which makes it suitable for high-throughput screening. This approach is freely-shared and based on a low cost, open-source liquid-handling robot. We anticipate that this method will facilitate the assessment of the developability of proteins and make it substantially more accessible.
title: Environmental drivers and bloom characteristics of Alexandrium minutum along the French coasts
Creators: name: Guallar, Carlosa
name: Hernández-Fariñas, Taniab
name: Bacher, Cedricc
name: Chapelle, Annie
Publisher: name: ASC 2014 - Theme session H
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
The sea and human culture and societies
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. The dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum is a toxic bloom-forming species that is distributed worldwide and frequently identified along the French coasts. It is important to define and understand the mechanisms that promote the formation of these blooms in order to assess the risks for ecosystem and human health. Most of previously published studies define the ecology of this species but usually focus on local and short-term scales. In this presentation, we examine A. minutum at broad temporal and spatial scales by using joint time-series of A. minutum and environmental parameters along the French coasts. The dataset used for the analysis is a long-term (1988-present) time series that combines environmental and phytoplankton variables from REPHY French monitoring program, satellite data (Irradiance) and climatic data (North Atlantic Oscillation index). We present the preliminary results obtained based on i) the definition of environmental niche of A. minutum populations, ii) the phenology of A. minutum events. Results showed that temperature and irradiance are important factors regulating the population dynamics of this species. They determine its ecological niche and influence the shape of its blooms.
The far future of exoplanet direct characterization
Creators: name: Schneider, Jean
name: Leger, Alain
name: Fridlund, Malcolm
name: White, Glenn
name: Eiroa, Carlos
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Herbst, Tom
name: Lammer, Helmut
name: Liseau, Rene
name: Paresce, Francesco
name: Penny, Alan
name: Quirrenbach, Andreas
name: Roettgering, Huub
name: Selsis, Franck
name: Beichman, Charles
name: Danchi, William
name: Kaltenegger, Lisa
name: Lunine, Jonathan
name: Stam, Daphne
name: Tinetti, Giovanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this outlook we describe what could be the next steps of the direct characterization of habitable exoplanets after first the medium and large mission projects and investigate the benefits of the spectroscopic and direct imaging approaches. We show that after third and fourth generation missions foreseeable for the next 100 years, we will face a very long era before being able to see directly the morphology of extrasolar organisms.
description: Draft of a paper accepted in Astrobiology
Pseudo-potentials and loading surfaces for an endochronic plasticity theory with isotropic damage
Creators: name: Erlicher, Silvano
name: Point, Nelly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The endochronic theory, developed in the early 70s, allows the plastic behavior of materials to be represented by introducing the notion of intrinsic time. With different viewpoints, several authors discussed the relationship between this theory and the classical theory of plasticity. Two major differences are the presence of plastic strains during unloading phases and the absence of an elastic domain. Later, the endochronic plasticity theory was modified in order to introduce the effect of damage. In the present paper, a basic endochronic model with isotropic damage is formulated starting from the postulate of strain equivalence. Unlike the previous similar analyses, in this presentation the formal tools chosen to formulate the model are those of convex analysis, often used in classical plasticity: namely pseudopotentials, indicator functions, subdifferentials, etc. As a result, the notion of loading surface for an endochronic model of plasticity with damage is investigated and an insightful comparison with classical models is made possible. A damage pseudopotential definition allowing a very general damage evolution is given.
Post-haemorrhagic hydrocephalus is associated with poorer surgical and neurodevelopmental sequelae than other causes of infant hydrocephalus
Creators: name: Mohamed, Malak
name: Mediratta, Saniya
name: Chari, Aswin
name: Da Costa, Cristine Sortica
name: James, Greg
name: Dawes, William
name: Aquilina, Kristian
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Annual Issue Paper
Intraventricular haemorrhage
Hydrocephalus
Neonates
Ventriculoperitoneal shunts
Neurodevelopmental outcome

description: Abstract: Purpose: This retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate the surgical and neurodevelopmental outcomes (NDO) of infant hydrocephalus. We also sought to determine whether these outcomes are disproportionately poorer in post-haemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) compared to other causes of infant hydrocephalus. Methods: A review of all infants with hydrocephalus who had ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts inserted at Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH) from 2008 to 2018 was performed. Demographic, surgical, neurodevelopmental, and other clinical data extracted from electronic patient notes were analysed by aetiology. Shunt survival, NDO, cerebral palsy (CP), epilepsy, speech delay, education, behavioural disorders, endocrine dysfunction, and mortality were evaluated. Results: A total of 323 infants with median gestational age of 37.0 (23.29–42.14) weeks and birthweight of 2640 g (525–4684 g) were evaluated. PHH was the most common aetiology (31.9%) and was associated with significantly higher 5-year shunt revision rates, revisions beyond a year, and median number of revisions than congenital or “other” hydrocephalus (all p < 0.02). Cox regression demonstrated poorest shunt survival in PHH, related to gestational age at birth and corrected age at shunt insertion. PHH also had the highest rate of severe disabilities, increasing with age to 65.0% at 10 years, as well as the highest CP rate; only genetic hydrocephalus had significantly higher endocrine dysfunction (p = 0.01) and mortality rates (p = 0.04). Conclusions: Infants with PHH have poorer surgical and NDO compared to all other aetiologies, except genetic hydrocephalus. Research into measures of reducing neurodisability following PHH is urgently required. Long-term follow-up is essential to optimise support and outcomes.
Vanishing of Tor Over Complete Intersections
Creators: name: Celikbas, Olgur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13D03

description: In this paper we are concerned with the vanishing of $\textnormal{Tor}$ over complete intersection rings. Building on results of C. Huneke, D. Jorgensen and R. Wiegand, and, more recently, H. Dao, we obtain new results showing that good depth properties on the $R$-modules $M$, $N$ and $M\otimes_RN$ force the vanishing of $\textnormal{Tor}^{R}_{i}(M,N)$ for all $i\geq 1$.
description: 25 pages, to appear in the Journal of Commutative Algebra
Complete methods set for scalable ion trap quantum information processing
Creators: name: Home, J. P.
name: Hanneke, D.
name: Jost, J. D.
name: Amini, J. M.
name: Leibfried, D.
name: Wineland, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale quantum information processors must be able to transport and maintain quantum information, and repeatedly perform logical operations. Here we demonstrate a combination of all the fundamental elements required to perform scalable quantum computing using qubits stored in the internal states of trapped atomic ions. We quantify the repeatability of a multi-qubit operation, observing no loss of performance despite qubit transport over macroscopic distances. Key to these results is the use of different pairs of beryllium ion hyperfine states for robust qubit storage, readout and gates, and simultaneous trapping of magnesium re-cooling ions along with the qubit ions.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Accepted to Science, and thus subject to a press embargo
Frontier movement and economic development in northeastern Ontario, 1850-1914
Creators: name: Watson, Denis McLean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study is an examination of frontier movement and economic development in a portion of the Canadian Shield--Northeastern Ontario--in the period from 1850 to 1914. The process of frontier advance is examined with reference to five key elements: (1) the nature and distribution of resources; (2) external economic and cultural forces; (3) technological change, with emphasis on transportation developments; (4) public policy; and (5) entrepreneurship. The interrelationships of these factors are analysed to explain the spatial distribution of settlement and frontier-core interaction in the Nipissing Lowlands, the Algoma-Sudbury district, and the Timiskaming area. Significant changes occurred in both the process and pattern of frontier advance. The direction of movement in the nineteenth century was foreshadowed by the earlier fur trade, which was followed in some areas by logging and subsidiary agriculture. Inward movements of people and frontier-core interaction were oriented toward Montreal via the Ottawa Valley transportation linkages. In the twentieth century, northward extension of the railway system from southern Ontario gave rise to a dynamic mining frontier. A strong north-south interaction emerged, contrasting with the earlier east-west pattern. Northeastern Ontario, at first almost wholly within the sphere of influence of Montreal, had become part of the economic and cultural hinterland of Toronto by 1914. By 1914 there was established a pattern of land occupance which is still strongly in evidence at present. It was characterized by a high degree of nucleation and a linear orientation of settlement along transportation corridors. The distribution of population and the location of economic activity were usually influenced by the distribution of resources, ease of access, and the presence or absence of government stimulus, entrepreneurial skill, and capital. Economic development was (and still is) based predominantly on the extraction and processing of natural resources for consumption outside the region. Frontier-core interaction was characterized by outbound movements of commodities such as furs, minerals, and wood, either unprocessed or in various stages of manufacture. The introduction of resource-processing industries depended on whether there was less cost to the external consuming area, and to some extent on public policy.
title: Baltic Algae Watch System: twelve years of service
Creators: name: Öberg, Jörgen
name: Karlson, Bengt
Publisher: name: ASC 2014 - Theme session H
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
The sea and human culture and societies
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Cyanobacteria blooms are recurrent phenomena in the Baltic Sea, a brackish water area with >80 million inhabitants in the catchment area. In summer, blooms may form surface scums in calm weather. These are a nuisance to the public, e.g. when accumulating on beaches. The most common genera are Aphanizomenon, Dolichospermum and Nodularia, the last one being toxic. Since 2002, a service based on remote sensing of the cyanobacteria surface scums is operational in the summer months. Daily maps and reports to the public on the distribution of cyanobacteria blooms are published at www.smhi.se. Information from monthly undertaken monitoring cruises and FerryBox systems are used to give additional information. Forecasts regarding drift of surface scums are based on a 3D physical oceanographic model. A multi-year data set shows high inter-annual variability of the distribution of cyanobacteria surface scums. When combining daily satellite data with microscopybased data from monthly visited monitoring sites two different views of the dynamics of cyanobacteria blooms appear. The two methods complement each other, encompassing different temporal and spatial scales and different levels of taxonomic detail.
Calculation of the Raman G peak intensity in monolayer graphene: role of Ward identities
Creators: name: Basko, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The absolute integrated intensity of the single-phonon Raman peak at 1580 cm^{-1} is calculated for a clean graphene monolayer. The resulting intensity is determined by the trigonal warping of the electronic bands and the anisotropy of the electron-phonon coupling, and is proportional to the second power of the excitation frequency. The main contribution to the process comes from the intermediate electron-hole states with typical energies of the order of the excitation frequency, contrary to what has been reported earlier. This occurs because of strong cancellations between different terms of the perturbation theory, analogous to Ward identities in quantum electrodynamics.
title: Dynamics of toxic HABs in the Curonian Lagoon, Baltic Sea during 2010-2013
Creators: name: Ezhova, Elena
name: Lange, Evgeniia
name: Russkikh, Yana
name: Chernova, Ekaterina
name: Zhakovskaya, Zoya
Publisher: name: ASC 2014 - Theme session H
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
The sea and human culture and societies
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Identification of cyanobacterial hepatotoxins using HPLC-MS-MS demostrated the presence of several Microcystin-congeners in Curonian lagoon, 2010-2013. МС–LR, -RR, -YR and its demethylated forms were most abundant and frequent. The positive correlation between total content of dissolved and intracellular microcystins was found with biomass of 3 Microcystis species. M. viridis was most responsible for microcystin producing in the study area. Aphanisomemon flos-aqua dominance correlates with low MCs content
Electromagnetic modes in cavities made of negative-index metamaterials
Creators: name: Wiersig, Jan
name: Unterhinninghofen, Julia
name: Schomerus, Henning
name: Peschel, Ulf
name: Hentschel, Martina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss electromagnetic modes in cavities formed by metamaterials with negative refraction and demonstrate that the straightforward approach to substitute negative values of the electric permittivity and the magnetic permeability leads to quasi-bound states with a negative quality factor. To ensure positive quality factors and a consistent physical interpretation of the quasi-bound states it is essential to include the frequency dispersion of the permittivity and the permeability, as required by positive field energy and causality. The basic mode equation and the boundary conditions including linear frequency dispersion are derived. As an example we consider a disk-like cavity with deformed cross sectional shape. The transition from the unphysical nondispersive case with negative quality factors to the dispersive case with positive quality factors is demonstrated numerically and in an analytical perturbative treatment.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
title: Variability of toxin profile and content of Ostreopsis cf. ovata from the Mediterranean Sea
Creators: name: Tartaglione, Luciana
name: Dell’Aversano, Carmela
name: Iacovo, EmmaDello
name: PatriziaCiminiello
name: Casabianca, Silvia
name: Penna, Antonella
Publisher: name: ASC 2014 - Theme session H
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
The sea and human culture and societies
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Blooms of Ostreopsis spp., once confined to tropical and subtropical areas, have recently spread to more temperate regions such as the Mediterranean and the Southern-Atlantic coasts of Europe. In the last decade, O. confronta (cf.) ovata has become increasingly frequent with massive blooms with consequent relevant negative impacts on benthic communities and on human health through skin contact and toxic aerosols. Following the Mediterranean Ostreopsis-related outbreaks we developed a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method to be employed in the investigation of both field and cultured algal samples of O. cf. ovata. Successively, our LC-high resolution MS (LC-HRMS) studies characterized O. cf. ovata as the producer of minute amounts of a putative palytoxin, one of the most potent marine toxins so far known, and of much higher amounts of several palytoxin congeners, ovatoxins. LC-HRMS analyses carried out on several samples of O. cf. ovata from several geographical origin revealed that different O. cf. ovata strains could have different toxin profiles both in a qualitative and quantitative perspective. Among the analyzed strains, the most widespread toxin profile presents ovatoxin-a as major component.
Recent insights into the biological and pharmacological activity of lycopene
Creators: name: Kim, Jae Kwang
name: Park, Sang Un
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: lycopene
carotenoid pigment
biological and pharmacological activities

description: EXCLI Journal; 21:Doc415; ISSN 1611-2156
title: Practical application of food web indicators in a fisheries context.
Creators: name: Rogers, Stuart
name: Link, Jason
name: Dickey-Collas, Mark
Publisher: name: ASC 2014 - Theme session G
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. This paper reviews recent progress in ICES to build consensus on practical food web indicators based on their key roles in ecosystem structure, functioning and resilience. Indicators of the abundance /distribution of key species or trophic groups, and their productivity (production per unit biomass), were recommended as necessary for comprehensive food web assessment. Specific indicators of the biomass of trophic guilds, mean weight of zooplankton and integrated size-based indicators scored well against structural criteria, while primary production, seabird breeding success and mean fish weight at age were favoured to describe food web function. The need for regional seas cooperation in the development of these indicators was highlighted to ensure they were coherent and representative. Use of other indicators was encouraged, where already developed, particularly the indicator set established under the EU Data Collection Framework for fisheries. The importance of commercial landings data and fisheries independent survey data in indicator development was highlighted.
Bouc-Wen-type models with stiffness degradation: thermodynamic analysis and applications
Creators: name: Erlicher, Silvano
name: Bursi, Oreste S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a thermodynamic analysis of Bouc-Wen models endowed with both strength and stiffness degradation is provided. It is based on the relationship between the flow rules of these models and those of the endochronic plasticity theory with damage, discussed in a companion paper (Erlicher and Point, 2008). Using the theoretical framework of that extended endochronic theory, it is shown that an elastic Bouc-Wen model with damage, i.e. without plastic strains, can be formulated. Moreover, a proper definition of the dissipated energy of these Bouc-Wen models with degradation is given and some thermodynamic constraints on the parameters defining the models behavior are emphasized and discussed. In particular, some properties of the energetic linear stiffness degradation rule as well as the so-called pivot rule, well-known in the seismic engineering field, are illustrated and commented upon. An improved energetic stiffness degradation rule and a new stiffness degradation rule are proposed.
A comparison of the natural resource management regimes of Tasmania and Taiwan
Creators: name: Chen, Henry Cheng-li
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis examines and compares two natural resource management regimes, those of the Australian State of Tasmania and the sovereign state of Taiwan, with a focus upon their respective terrestrial natural reserve systems. Recommendations for future improvements are made for both islands. Taiwan is an island about half the size of Tasmania, yet the former has a population more than 48 times greater than the latter. The two island ecosystems are similar in some respects, but the contrasts are more marked than the similarities. It would be beneficial for both islands to share their experiences of natural resource management. This study undertakes such a comparison with a view to facilitating exchange of knowledge in the field of environmental management. Despite its dramatically smaller population, Tasmania's terrestrial natural resource management is more highly developed than Taiwan's in some respects. For example, the New Public Management (NPM) model has been employed as a framework for regime reform in Tasmania, but not in Taiwan. There is, nevertheless, room for improvement in planning and practice on both islands. The Tasmanian government structure provides a more integrated approach to natural resource management, especially with regard to its nature reserve system, and Taiwan could learn from this in planning for the future. The successful Landcare movement and accumulated treaty-derived conservation experience, in, for example, World Heritage Area and Ramsar site management, are appropriate for adaptation in Taiwan to foster community involvement and prepare itself for the transition to involvement in international affairs. On the other hand, the integrated environmental education coordination across governmental agencies in Taiwan, although not yet implemented, could be considered as a future approach in Tasmania.
Physiological and pharmacological studies of the feline thalamus
Creators: name: Marshall, Kenneth Christie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The drug sensitivity of neurones of the Nucleus ventralis lateralis (VL) of the thalamus, and their synaptic activation by electrical stimulation of brachium conjunctivum (BC), precruciate cortex and entopenduncular nucleus, (EN) has been studied in anesthetized and in decerebrate cats. Cells evoked with short latency by BC stimulation were particularly sensitive to excitation by iontophoretically applied acetylcholine (ACh) and L-glutamate (LG) when compared with cells of more dorsal thalamic nuclei. The VL neurones did not exhibit such an enhanced sensitivity to DL-homocysteic acid and N-methyl aspartic acid. The α-methyl derivative of glutamic acid (α-MG) was found in many cases to depress or block the excitation of thalamic neurones by LG, but had no effect on ACh excitation. α-MG sometimes depressed the effects of other excitatory amino acids, but to a lesser degree than those produced by LG. Short latency single action potential and late burst responses evoked in VL by BC or cortical stimulation have been reported by other workers and were confirmed in this study. However, it was found that both cortical and BC stimulus evoked early burst responses which were observed only in anesthetized animals. EN stimulation evoked burst response in VL neurones with latencies of 4-22 msec. Both the early burst and the EN evoked responses could be converted to shorter latency single spikes by iontophoretically applied amino acids and ACh. ACh facilitated synaptic activation by cortical and BC stimuli but could either excite or depress the responses to EN stimulation. Iontophoretically applied atropine and dihydro-β-erythroidine blocked ACh excitation of VL cells but did not alter their synaptic activation, although atropine could reverse the ACh depression of EN evoked responses. Intravenous atropine in doses of 0.5-1.0 mgm/kgm also blocked these ACh effects, but in addition markedly reduced the BC evoked field response in VL without affecting the response to cortical stimulation. It was concluded that the pathways from EN and motor cortex to VL are unlikely to be cholinergically mediated, but that ACh may be the synaptic transmitter for at least part of the cerebello-thalamic pathway. Pentobarbital and α-chloralose were potent blockers of ACh excitation in VL neurones.. It was shown that neurones of EN give rise to collateral axon branches which project to VL and N. centrum-medianum. Stimulation of sensori-motor cortex evoked cell and field responses in the lateral, but not the medial parts of the centrum medianum-Parafascicular complex.
Liquid polymorphism, order-disorder transitions and anomalous behavior: a Monte Carlo study of the Bell-Lavis model for water
Creators: name: Fiore, Carlos E.
name: Szortyka, Marcia
name: Barbosa, Marcia C.
name: Henriques, Vera B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bell-Lavis model for liquid water is investigated through numerical simulations. The lattice-gas model on a triangular lattice presents orientational states and is known to present a highly bonded low density phase and a loosely bonded high density phase. We show that the model liquid-liquid transition is continuous, in contradiction with mean-field results on the Husimi cactus and from the cluster variational method. We define an order parameter which allows interpretation of the transition as an order-disorder transition of the bond-network. Our results indicate that the order-disorder transition is in the Ising universality class. Previous proposal of an Ehrenfest second order transition is discarded. A detailed investigation of anomalous properties has also been undertaken. The line of density maxima in the HDL phase is stabilized by fluctuations, absent in the mean-field solution.
title: Stability of okadaic acid, 13-desmethyl SPXC and gymnodimine in Galician coast waters
Creators: name: Eva, Martín-Morales
name: Carmen, Mariño
name: Helena, Martín
name: Juan, Blanco
Publisher: name: ASC 2014 - Theme session H
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
The sea and human culture and societies
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Nowadays, long records of cyclic imines are not available in Galicia. Sediment profiles could be an useful tool to study the incidence of harmful events in the past if toxins did persist during long periods in this environment. Last year, passive samplers in Galician seawaters have often shown cyclic amines presence such as 13 desmethyl SPX C. To elucidate if toxins levels found are due to constant toxin production or high toxin stability a stability toxin work was carried out.
The structure and stability of simple tri-iodides.
Creators: name: Finney, Anthony John Thompson
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: In this work the simple tri-iodides are regarded as being those in which the crystal lattice contains only cations, tri-iodide anions and possibly solvate molecules. The alkali metal tri-iodides CsI 3 and KI 3 .H20 exemplify compounds of this type; polyiodides like the penta-iodide (CH3)4NI5 or the hepta-iodide (C2H5) 4I7, in which it is known that the anionic group is made up of I -3 units accompanied by iodine molecules, are not encompassed by this study. In the solid state the simple tri-iodides exhibit a wide range of stability, and the probable causes underlying this range in behaviour are reviewed against existing knowledge concerning the crystalline structure and current models of the anion bonding of these compounds. The presence of solvate molecules in the lattice has a profound effect upon the stability of the simple tri-iodides; also among the unsolvated species there is a range in stability which can be attributed to differences in the electrostatic environment experienced by the anion. This sensitivity to electrostatic environment is reflected in small differences in the geometric configuration of the anion among the unsolvated tri-iodides as revealed by crystal structure analysis.
Stochastic Dynamics of Bionanosystems: Multiscale Analysis and Specialized Ensembles
Creators: name: Pankavich, Stephen
name: Miao, Yinglong
name: Ortoleva, Jamil
name: Shreif, Zeina
name: Ortoleva, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: An approach for simulating bionanosystems, such as viruses and ribosomes, is presented. This calibration-free approach is based on an all-atom description for bionanosystems, a universal interatomic force field, and a multiscale perspective. The supramillion-atom nature of these bionanosystems prohibits the use of a direct molecular dynamics approach for phenomena like viral structural transitions or self-assembly that develop over milliseconds or longer. A key element of these multiscale systems is the cross-talk between, and consequent strong coupling of, processes over many scales in space and time. We elucidate the role of interscale cross-talk and overcome bionanosystem simulation difficulties with automated construction of order parameters (OPs) describing supra-nanometer scale structural features, construction of OP dependent ensembles describing the statistical properties of atomistic variables that ultimately contribute to the entropies driving the dynamics of the OPs, and the derivation of a rigorous equation for the stochastic dynamics of the OPs. Since the atomic scale features of the system are treated statistically, several ensembles are constructed that reflect various experimental conditions. The theory provides a basis for a practical, quantitative bionanosystem modeling approach that preserves the cross-talk between the atomic and nanoscale features. A method for integrating information from nanotechnical experimental data in the derivation of equations of stochastic OP dynamics is also introduced.
description: 24 pages
Characterization of the Mutational Signature of Formaldehyde to Elucidate Its Role in Carcinogenesis
Creators: name: Fabros, Reena Michelle
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2020
Subjects: formaldehyde
mutational signature
cancer
mutations
genomics
budding yeast

description: Cancer is a genetic disease caused by the accumulation of multiple mutations in essential genes controlling normal proliferation. Genomic analysis of cancer samples revealed that somatic mutations form distinct patterns on the DNA called mutational signatures, which were produced by different mutational processes that have been operative throughout the development of a cancer cell. Out of 77 deciphered mutational signatures from cancer genomes, 29 of them have unknown aetiologies. The current strategy to elucidate these unknown signatures is through mutational signature characterization of various mutagens from model systems. One such mutagen with an ambiguous mutational signature is formaldehyde. This work describes the first specific characterization of the mutational patterns induced by formaldehyde. Using yeast genomics data, formaldehyde mutagenesis was shown to form C→A transversions over TCn trinucleotide motifs. Moreover, it induces an excess of single nucleotide indels with a preference for adenine insertions and cytosine deletions. Due to a limited sample size, the contribution of formaldehyde mutagenesis in relevant cancers cannot be accurately depicted, however, the formaldehyde-specific pattern of C→A transversions can be observed from these cancer genomes. These results ultimately present a likely mechanism for formaldehyde mutagenesis on the nucleotide bases.