cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nanoporous monolithic microsphere arrays have anti-adhesive properties independent of humidity
Creators: name: Eichler-Volf, Anna
name: Xue, Longjian
name: Kovalev, Alexander
name: Gorb, Elena V.
name: Gorb, Stanislav N.
name: Steinhart, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bioinspired artificial surfaces with tailored adhesive properties have attracted significant interest. While fibrillar adhesive pads mimicking gecko feet are optimized for strong reversible adhesion, monolithic microsphere arrays mimicking the slippery zone of the pitchers of carnivorous plants of the genus Nepenthes show anti-adhesive properties even against tacky counterpart surfaces. In contrast to the influence of topography, the influence of relative humidity (RH) on adhesion has been widely neglected. Some previous works deal with the influence of RH on the adhesive performance of fibrillar adhesive pads. Commonly, humidity-induced softening of the fibrils enhances adhesion. However, little is known on the influence of RH on solid anti-adhesive surfaces. We prepared polymeric nanoporous monolithic microsphere arrays (NMMAs) with microsphere diameters of a few 10 μm to test their anti-adhesive properties at RHs of 2 % and 90 %. Despite the presence of continuous nanopore systems through which the inner nanopore walls were accessible to humid air, the topography-induced anti-adhesive properties of NMMAs on tacky counterpart surfaces were retained even at RH = 90 %. This RH-independent robustness of the anti-adhesive properties of NMMAs significantly contrasts the adhesion enhancement by humidity-induced softening on nanoporous fibrillar adhesive pads made of the same material.
title: Assessing Social Sustainability in Urban Road Transportation of Abuja, Nigeria
Creators: name: Ahijo, Tukur Mohammed
Publisher: name: University of Central Lancashire
Year: 2022

description: The definition of a concept of Social Sustainability is challenging. It is one of three pillars of sustainability yet neglected by researchers due to the complexity of definition, application, and implementation. This study focuses on a neglected area of research – understanding a concept of Social Sustainability within the context of urban road transportation planning in Abuja, Nigeria. Abuja has a population of 776, 300 (2006 census) with a growth rate of 9%. The administrative region of Abuja – the Federal Capital Territory – has a population of 1,406,239. A survey in 2008 recorded an average daily passenger number for bus travel in the whole administrative region as just under 800,000. The city is facing issues of inadequate road transport infrastructure and facilities. Coupled with the increasing population and urbanisation, how are the authorities handling the various demands for the provision of this much-needed infrastructure and how this link to a concept of social sustainability for the city. The research comprises semi-structured interview with 261 commuters, 4 Transport Unions operating in the city, and 4 government agencies handling transport and its related issues in the city. SPSS and NVivo software were used in the analysis of the gathered data. The results highlight the difficulties faced by commuters in accessing urban road transport, the quality of service, public engagement, and the decision-making process of the city’s road transport sector. A conceptual framework for social sustainability is presented, summarising the themes for social sustainability, as discussed with participants. Then, two priority areas of social sustainability for citizens are discussed – stakeholder engagement in decision-making and social inclusion. The findings from this study highlight the inadequate engagement between citizens and the government on matters that impact their daily lives. A practical framework for engaging stakeholders in the provision of urban road transportation in Abuja is proposed. The study finds that understanding the needs and priorities of commuters and operators of road transport facilities, supported by the necessary numerical and factual data is important for establishing a sustainable transport system in Abuja. This should be a focus for Abuja and Nigerian policy planners and decision makers. The work also has implications for practitioners and scholars who are trying to implement social sustainability as part of transport planning in other developing nations, with their own distinct cultures, values, characteristics, and beliefs.
Proceedings of the Workshop on FORmal methods for the quantitative Evaluation of Collective Adaptive SysTems
Creators: name: ter Beek, Maurice H.
name: Loreti, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Collective Adaptive Systems (CAS) consist of a large number of spatially distributed heterogeneous entities with decentralised control and varying degrees of complex autonomous behaviour that may be competing for shared resources even when collaborating to reach common goals. It is important to carry out thorough quantitative modelling and analysis and verification of their design to investigate all aspects of their behaviour before they are put into operation. This requires combinations of formal methods and applied mathematics which moreover scale to large-scale CAS. The primary goal of FORECAST is to raise awareness in the software engineering and formal methods communities of the particularities of CAS and the design and control problems which they bring.
Perturbative QCD and beyond: azimuthal angle correlations in deuteron-deuteron scattering from Bose-Einstein correlations
Creators: name: Gotsman, E.
name: Levin, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we found within the framework of perturbative QCD, that in deuteron-deuteron scattering the Bose-Einstein correlations due to two parton showers production, induce azimuthal angle correlations, with three correlation lengths: the size of the deuteron ($R_D$), the proton radius ($R_N$), and the size of the BFKL Pomeron which, is closely related to the saturation momentum ($R_c \sim 1/Q_s$). These correlations are independent of the values of rapidities of the produced gluons (long range rapidity correlations), for large rapidities ($\bas |y_1 - y_2| \geq 1$), and have no symmetry with respect to $ϕ\to π- ϕ$ ($ \vec{p}_{T1} \to - \vec{p}_{T1}$). Therefore, they give rise to $v_n$ for all values of $n$, not only even values. The contributions with the correlation length $R_D$ and $R_N$ crucially depend on the non-perturbative contributions, and to obtain estimates of their values, requiries a lot of modeling, while the correlations with $R_c \sim 1/Q_s$ have a perturbative QCD origin, and can be estimated in the ColorGlass Condensate (CGC) approach.
description: 23pp, 18 figures in eps files
Additional file 2 of A prospective short-term study to evaluate methodologies for the assessment of disease extent, impact, and wound evolution in patients with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
Creators: name: Paller, Amy S.
name: Pope, Elena
name: Rudin, Dan
name: Malyala, Anna
name: Ramsdell, Deborah
name: Johnson, Ramsey
name: Landy, Hal
name: Murrell, Dedee F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Baseline characteristics of wounds that were healed, recurrent, or still present at week 2 and week 4. Lists baseline wound characteristics by wound status at week 2 and week 4.
Content-Based Interference Management for Video Transmission in D2D Communications Underlaying LTE
Creators: name: Baidya, Sabur
name: Levorato, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A novel interference management approach is proposed for modern communication scenarios, where multiple applications and networks coexist on the same channel resource. The leading principle behind the proposed approach is that the interference level should be adapted to the content being transmitted by the data links to maximize the amount of delivered information. A network setting is considered where Device-to-Device (D2D) communications underlay a Long Term Evolution (LTE) link uploading video content to the network infrastructure. For this scenario, an optimization problem is formulated aiming at the maximization of the D2D throughput under a constraint on the Peak Signal-to-Noise-Ratio of the video data stream. The resulting optimal policy focuses interference on specific packets within the video stream, and significantly increases the throughput achieved by the D2D link compared to an undifferentiated interference strategy. The optimal strategy is applied to a real-world video streaming application to further demonstrate the performance gain.
description: submitted to IEEE Globecom 2016
Additional file 3 of A prospective short-term study to evaluate methodologies for the assessment of disease extent, impact, and wound evolution in patients with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
Creators: name: Paller, Amy S.
name: Pope, Elena
name: Rudin, Dan
name: Malyala, Anna
name: Ramsdell, Deborah
name: Johnson, Ramsey
name: Landy, Hal
name: Murrell, Dedee F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Distribution of impact on quality of life by skin involvement. Lists distribution of impact on quality of life as assessed by QOLEB, DLQI, and CDLQI by skin involvement.
title: Cyprus 1958-1968: An interdisciplinary assessment of inter-communal violence, with a particular emphasis on Common Article 3 of the 1949 Geneva Conventions I-IV
Creators: name: Kornioti, Nadia
Publisher: name: University of Central Lancashire
Year: 2025

description: The present thesis examines whether armed violence in Cyprus from 1958 to 1968, between its ethnic ‘Greek’ and ‘Turkish’ communities, reached the legal threshold that would constitute a non-international armed conflict under International Humanitarian Law. These events are the prologue to the Island’s division since 1974. Thus, despite the extensive literature on the Cyprus Question, the chosen chronology has attracted less attention in academic and public discourse, and legal literature in particular is overall scarcer. In that regard, the thesis seeks to address gaps both in the historical narrative and in the legal literature. For this reason, the thesis has assumed an interdisciplinary approach, combining legal and historical approaches, with previous research in the social sciences. From an international legal perspective, the inquiry is underpinned by critical international legal scholarship and the ‘Third World Approaches to International Law ‘(TWAIL) movement. The thesis consists of four core chapters. Chapter 2 intertwines the history of public international law with historical developments on the Island of Cyprus starting from the Island’s transfer from Ottoman to British administration in 1878, until the first wave of intercommunal violence in 1958. Chapter 3 presents the constitutional framework of the Republic of Cyprus as established in 1960 and the problems that derived thereof, with reference also to the domestic criminal legal order. Chapter 4 focuses on the most violent period from December 1963 assessing the level of violence through the legal criteria of ‘organisation’ of the armed groups involved, and ‘intensity’ of violence, under common article 3 of the 1949 Geneva Conventions. It then proceeds with a brief examination over the invocation of the Doctrine of Necessity by the Supreme Court in November 1964, by way of introduction to the less violent period from 1965 to March 1968, examined in Chapter 5, which saw a series of socio-legal and political changes that have been contributing to the standstill in inter-communal relations to this day. The thesis illustrates how the lack of clarity surrounding the events from 1958 to 1968 derived from the diplomatic and political discourse at the time. From today’s perspective, it problematises the interplay between law and politics in protracted unresolved disputes, and the socio-legal complexities that perpetuate them.
Additional file 4 of A prospective short-term study to evaluate methodologies for the assessment of disease extent, impact, and wound evolution in patients with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
Creators: name: Paller, Amy S.
name: Pope, Elena
name: Rudin, Dan
name: Malyala, Anna
name: Ramsdell, Deborah
name: Johnson, Ramsey
name: Landy, Hal
name: Murrell, Dedee F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. Disease-related questionnaires and instruments by age group. Shows distribution of disease-related questionnaire and instrument scores by age group.
Simulating dynamics of multiple stellar systems in clusters
Creators: name: Rieder, Steven
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: AMUSE helps you simulate star clusters with binaries
 Background: Creating tools from scratch to simulate dynamical interactions in star clusters is a lot of work. Fortunately, we’ve already done this with the AMUSE framework, and we’re happy for you to use these!
Additional file 5 of A prospective short-term study to evaluate methodologies for the assessment of disease extent, impact, and wound evolution in patients with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
Creators: name: Paller, Amy S.
name: Pope, Elena
name: Rudin, Dan
name: Malyala, Anna
name: Ramsdell, Deborah
name: Johnson, Ramsey
name: Landy, Hal
name: Murrell, Dedee F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Additional methods. Includes additional information on scales used in this study.
Supplementary Figures from Trophic distribution of nutrient production in coral reef fisheries
Creators: name: Robinson, James P. W.
name: Darling, Emily S.
name: Maire, Eva
name: Hamilton, Mark
name: Hicks, Christina C.
name: Jupiter, Stacy D.
name: Aaron MacNeil, M.
name: Mangubhai, Sangeeta
name: McClanahan, Tim
name: Nand, Yashika
name: Graham, Nicholas A. J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Coral reef fisheries supply nutritious catch to tropical coastal communities, where the quality of reef seafood is determined by both the rate of biomass production and nutritional value of reef fishes. Yet our understanding of reef fisheries typically uses targets of total reef fish biomass rather than individual growth (i.e. biomass production) and nutrient (i.e. nutritional value of reef fish), limiting the ability of management to sustain the productivity of nutritious catches. Here, we use modelled growth coefficients and nutrient concentrations to develop a new metric of nutrient productivity of coral reef fishes. We then evaluate this metric with underwater visual surveys of reef fish assemblages from four tropical countries to examine nutrient productivity of reef fish food webs. Species' growth coefficients were associated with nutrients that vary with body size (calcium, iron, selenium and zinc), but not total nutrient density. When integrated with fish abundance data, we find that herbivorous species typically dominate standing biomass, biomass turnover and nutrient production on coral reefs. Such bottom-heavy trophic distributions of nutrients were consistent across gradients of fishing pressure and benthic composition. We conclude that management restrictions that promote sustainability of herbivores and other low trophic-level species can sustain biomass and nutrient production from reef fisheries that is critical to the food security of over 500 million people in the tropics.
Additional file 1 of Clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with very severe acute hypertension visiting the emergency department
Creators: name: Kim, Hyun-Jin
name: Kim, Byung Sik
name: Shin, Jeong-Hun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Distribution of acute hypertension mediated-organ damage. Supplementary Table 2. Principaldiagnosis at discharge of all patients. Supplementary Table 3. Mortality rates at 3 monthsand 1 year according to follow-up visits.
Classification of materials with divergent magnetic Grüneisen parameter
Creators: name: Gegenwart, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At any quantum critical point (QCP) with a critical magnetic field $H_c$, the magnetic Grüneisen parameter $Γ_{\rm H}$, which equals the adiabatic magnetocaloric effect, is predicted to show characteristic signatures such as a divergence, sign change and $T/(H-H_c)^ε$ scaling. We categorize thirteen materials, ranging from heavy fermion metals to frustrated magnets, where such experimental signatures have been found. Remarkably, seven stoichiometric materials at ambient pressure show $H_c=0$. However, additional thermodynamic and magnetic experiments suggest that most of them do not show a zero-field QCP. While the existence of a pressure insensitive "strange metal" state is one possibility, for some of the materials $Γ_{\rm H}$ seems influenced by impurities or a fraction of moments which are not participating in a frozen state. To unambiguously prove zero-field and pressure sensitive quantum criticality, a $Γ_{\rm H}$ divergence is insufficient and also the Grüneisen ratio of thermal expansion to specific heat must diverge.
description: 10 pages, 6 figs, manuscript for the proceedings of SCES 2016
Genomic characterization and gene bank curation of Aegilops using genotyping-by-sequencing
Creators: name: Adhikari, Laxman
name: Poland, Jesse
name: Raupp, John
name: Wu, Shuangye
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Aegilops
GBS
SNP matrix
phylogenetic tree
PCA
Population structure
polyploid
wild wheat

description: In this study, genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was performed on 1041 Aegilops accessions, representing 23 different species. These accessions have been maintained by the Wheat Genetics and Resource Center (WGRC) at Kansas State University. The GBS FASTQ files have been uploaded to the NCBI SRA public repository under the BioProject accession number # PRJNA985892. We have provided other files related to data analysis, such as the barcode key file, SNP matrices, and taxonomic information of the accessions in this Dryad repository, which can be accessed through the provided link. The aim of the study was to explore the genetic and genomic characteristics of wild wheat relatives, Aegilops, using a larger number of SNP markers. Here, we also curated the WGRC gene bank Aegilops collection via the identification of misclassified accessions and genetically identical redundant accessions. Further, we explored the genomic relationship between wheat and the different Aegilops species.
description: R and RStudioFunding provided by: Kansas State University
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007829
Award Number:
description: In this study, Aegilops accessions preserved and maintained as single seed descent (SSD) at the Wheat Genetics Resource Center at Kansas State University were subjected to genotyping-by-sequencing. The DNA was extracted from the seedlings of individual plants and GBS library was made as described in the manuscript. The GBS data were utilized to detect variants using a reference-based pipeline, such as TASSEL GBS, in cases where genome assemblies were available. For the accessions without available genome assemblies, the sequence FASTQ files were aligned to a mock reference generated from the raw GBS data. The accessions with a higher amount of data were chosen to generate the mock reference. Variants were called using both GBS-SNP-CROP and bcfools pipeline. Subsequently, the SNP matrices were filtered and utilized for various analyses.
Spin-Wave and Electromagnon Dispersions in Multiferroic MnWO4 as Observed by Neutron Spectroscopy: Isotropic Heisenberg Exchange versus Anisotropic Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction
Creators: name: Xiao, Y.
name: Kumar, C. M. N.
name: Nandi, S.
name: Su, Y.
name: Jin, W. T.
name: Fu, Z.
name: Faulhaber, E.
name: Schneidewind, A.
name: Brueckel, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High resolution inelastic neutron scattering reveals that the elementary magnetic excitations in multiferroic MnWO4 consist of low energy dispersive electromagnons in addition to the well-known spin-wave excitations. The latter can well be modeled by a Heisenberg Hamiltonian with magnetic exchange coupling extending to the 12th nearest neighbor. They exhibit a spin-wave gap of 0.61(1) meV. Two electromagnon branches appear at lower energies of 0.07(1) meV and 0.45(1) meV at the zone center. They reflect the dynamic magnetoelectric coupling and persist in both, the collinear magnetic and paraelectric AF1 phase, and the spin spiral ferroelectric AF2 phase. These excitations are associated with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya exchange interaction, which is significant due to the rather large spin-orbit coupling.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review B
Gravitational-wave observations and the population of compact binaries
Creators: name: Callister, Tom
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: It is widely predicted that dense stellar clusters can act as a factory for compact binary mergers. It remains unknown, however, whether the compact binaries observed via the Advanced LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA gravitational-wave detectors predominantly originate from clusters, isolated stellar binaries, or other environments altogether. The growing body of gravitational-wave data may soon shed further light on this question. Nearly one hundred gravitational-wave events have been observed to date, and hundreds more are anticipated throughout the ongoing LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA "O4" observing run. These detections are offering an increasingly clear picture of the population properties of compact binaries: their masses, spins, and spatial distribution throughout the Universe. In this talk, I will give an overview of this picture, reviewing what gravitational-wave data has taught us so far about the compact binary population. Along the way, I will discuss implications for the evolutionary origin of compact binaries and highlight open questions that remain unanswered or under debate.
Additional file 2 of Analysis of the anaerobic digestion metagenome under environmental stresses stimulating prophage induction
Creators: name: Rossi, Alessandro
name: Morlino, Maria Silvia
name: Gaspari, Maria
name: Basile, Arianna
name: Kougias, Panagiotis
name: Treu, Laura
name: Campanaro, Stefano
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary methods regarding details of experimental setup, bin curation, calculation of relative abundance and taxonomy assignment. Figure 1. UpSet plot of viral sequences predicted by different tools. Figure 2. Scatter plots comparing CPM and CheckM relative abundance values. Figure 3. Relative abundance expressed in count per million (CPM) of the most abundant prokaryotic and viral genomes Figure 4. Heatmaps displaying variations of phages and MAGs compared to supernatant and pellet control. Figure 5. Distribution of the provirus/host CPM abundance ratios across all datasets.
Gauge symmetry from decoupling
Creators: name: Wetterich, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gauge symmetries emerge from a redundant description of the effective action for light degrees of freedom after the decoupling of heavy modes. This redundant description avoids the use of explicit constraints in configuration space. For non-linear constraints the gauge symmetries are non-linear. In a quantum field theory setting the gauge symmetries are local and can describe Yang-Mills theories or quantum gravity. We formulate gauge invariant fields that correspond to the non-linear light degrees of freedom. In the context of functional renormalization gauge symmetries can emerge if the flow generates or preserves large mass-like terms for the heavy degrees of freedom. They correspond to a particular form of gauge fixing terms in quantum field theories.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
Air-structured optical fibre drawn from a 3D-printed preform
Creators: name: Cook, Kevin
name: Canning, John
name: Leon-Saval, Sergio
name: Reid, Zane
name: Hossain, Md Arafat
name: Comatti, Jade-Edouard
name: Luo, Yanhua
name: Peng, Gang-Ding
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A structured optical fibre is drawn from a 3D-printed structured preform. Preforms containing a single ring of holes around the core are fabricated using filament made from a modified butadiene polymer. More broadly, 3D printers capable of processing soft glasses, silica and other materials are likely to come on line in the not-so distant future. 3D printing of optical preforms signals a new milestone in optical fibre manufacture.
description: Published in Optics Letters
Täterinnen der Weiblichen Kriminalpolizei bei der NS-Verfolgung von Sinti*ze und Rom*nja
Creators: name: Meier, Verena
Publisher: name: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaften
Year: 2023

description: By analysing the role of the Female Criminal Police in the persecution of Sinti und Roma in Magdeburg under the Nazi regime, this article makes an important contribution to the hitherto largely ignored gender-historical research on the genocide of Sinti und Roma. First, the establishment of this criminal police department and its self-conception as a modern and democratic institution during the Weimar Republic will be analysed. It will be shown that the development of the department was highly connected to the women’s rights movement. Second, the article examines the ideological reframing of the female criminal police department under the Nazi regime. It investigates how it was embedded in an institutional apparatus that committed crimes against those persecuted based on a departmental division of labour. Throughout the different governmental systems, the work of female criminal police officers was, however, characterized by gender role expectations of contemporary German society.
description: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaften, Bd. 33 Nr. 3 (2022): Arbeit und Geschlecht
In vivo cellular reprogramming as a potential method to rejuvenate the growth arrested lungs seen in BPD patients.
Creators: name: Karikandathil Vineeth, Adithya Achuthan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Lungs
In Vivo cellular reprogramming
Regeneration
Dedifferentiation

description: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the chronic lung disease that develops in premature babies following mechanical ventilation and oxygen exposure, is the most common complication of extreme prematurity. Currently, there is no cure for BPD. Increasing evidence indicates early-onset emphysema and pulmonary vascular disease in survivors with BPD (Aukland et al., 2006; Wong et al., 2008), suggesting an irreversible arrest in lung growth and/or premature lung aging resulting in life-long health problems (J. Sucre et al., 2021). Transient in vivo cellular reprogramming through the activation of the Yamanaka reprogramming factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc (OSKM), ameliorate cellular and physiological hallmarks of aging and to promote tissue regeneration and improve organ function after injury. (Chen et al., 2021a; Hishida et al., 2022b; Lu et al., 2020) This thesis focuses on determining if transient in vivo cellular reprogramming can regenerate an established lung injury in a BPD mouse model. Two strategies, (a) Adeno-Associated virus (AAV) mediated transient overexpression of the OSK factors and (b) using a transgenic reprogrammable mouse line to overexpress the OSKM factors were employed to test the efficiency of in vivo cellular reprogramming in regenerating the lungs. Both the strategies, under the conditions tested, did not regenerate established lung injury in a BPD mouse model but the feasibility of both these strategies was established here laying a foundation for the next phase of the study.
Additional file 1 of Increased pulsatility index of the basilar artery is a risk factor for neurological deterioration after stroke: a case control study
Creators: name: Yoo, Il-Han
name: Kim, Jeong-Min
name: Han, Su-Hyun
name: Ryu, Jaiyoung
name: Jung, Keun-Hwa
name: Park, Kwang-Yeol
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1.
Learning a shared linguistic space for transmitting our thoughts to others
Creators: name: Nastase, Samuel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: We use language to organize and communicate our thoughts to others. Natural language, however, is fundamentally contextual, making it unamenable to experimental control. In this talk, I argue that the large language models emerging from the machine learning community are an important step toward a more ecological human neuroscience of language. These self-supervised models learn the rich, context-sensitive structure of language from real-world examples, allowing us to quantify contextual meaning in a way that was previously inaccessible. I provide two examples of how these models can provide novel insights into the neural machinery for human language and communication. First, I show how we can deconstruct the internal circuits of these models to directly access the computations—or “transformations”—that sculpt the unique meaning of words in context. I show that these transformations provide a window onto linguistic computations in the human brain using fMRI data recorded while subjects listened to spoken stories. Critically, we can also disassemble these transformations into functionally-specialized sub-computations and map these sub-computations onto the cortical language network. Second, I show how we can position these models as linguistic intermediaries for translating neural activity from one brain to another. In ongoing work, we use contextual embeddings to capture the linguistic content of brain-to-brain coupling during spontaneous, interactive conversations between dyadic pairs of ECoG patients. We show that linguistic content in the speaker’s brain prior to word articulation (re)emerges in the listener’s brain shortly after articulation—word by word in natural conversations. These findings suggest that large language models key into the same context-sensitive linguistic space that human speakers use to transmit their thoughts to others.
Appendix from Stability of consumer–resource interactions in periodic environments
Creators: name: Bieg, Carling
name: Gellner, Gabriel
name: McCann, Kevin S.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Biological Mathematics

description: Supplementary material
A Novel Constant Volume System for Determining Transport Properties in Polymeric Membranes
Creators: name: Leszczynski, Peter
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Membrane Characterization
Constant-volume
Polymer
Polymeric
Constant Volume
time-lag

description: Membrane gas separation became an industrial reality in the late 1970s with Monsanto's first commercial asymmetric hollow fiber membrane modules. Innovations in membrane separations result from new materials that exhibit an improved permeability and are more selective than their predecessors, with materials commonly compared to the "upper bound line." Accurate determination of the three transport properties which characterize a membrane, permeability (P), diffusivity (D), and solubility (S), is thus of great interest to exceed the current upper bound line. Also, proper characterization of membrane materials enables enhancing current commercial membrane processes or allows for new applications. All three transport properties, P, S, and D, can be determined using a single dynamic gas permeation experiment in a constant volume (CV) system, commonly called the time-lag method. This work presents the next-generation CV system that utilizes the two-tank volume concept, namely a reference volume and a working volume. Compared to the previous iteration, the pressure in the reference volume can be reduced to the anticipated pressure in the working volume after initiating the gas permeation experiment. This allows monitoring of the pressure decay in the working volume (i.e., gas permeation into the membranes) using a high-resolution differential pressure transducer (DPT) right after initiating the experiment. The new system's operation is demonstrated by simultaneous monitoring of the upstream pressure decay and the downstream pressure rise during the time-lag experiments using a polyphenylene oxide (PPO) membrane. The values determined using the pressure decay method are compared to those determined using the downstream method to identify any limitations still present in the current iteration of the CV system. To set a reliable benchmark value to compare against, the downstream receiver was redesigned, and an optimal configuration was identified, which was associated with negligible resistance to gas accumulation and, thus, a minor error in the experimental time lag downstream from the membrane. Furthermore, a temperature enclosure was built to minimize errors caused by the constant temperature assumption during the time lag analysis. Additionally, the temperature-controlled enclosure allows for transport properties temperature dependence to be quantified by determining the activation energy of permeability, diffusion, and the enthalpy of solution for a given gas/polymer system.
Signature of the N=126 shell closure in dwell times of alpha-particle tunneling
Creators: name: Kelkar, N. G.
name: Nowakowski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characteristic quantities such as the penetration and preformation probabilities, assault frequency and tunneling times in the tunneling description of alpha decay of heavy nuclei are explored to reveal their sensitivity to neutron numbers in the vicinity of the magic neutron number $N$ = 126. Using realistic nuclear potentials, the sensitivity of these quantities to the parameters of the theoretical approach is also tested. An investigation of the region from $N=116$ to $N=132$ in Po nuclei reveals that the tunneling $α$ particle spends the least amount of time with an $N=126$ magic daughter nucleus. The shell closure at $N=126$ seems to affect the behaviour of the dwell times of the tunneling alpha particles and this occurs through the influence of the $Q$-values involved.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
SÍFILIS NA GESTAÇÃO E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES NA QUALIDADE DE VIDA MATERNO- INFANTIL: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Creators: name: Da Silva, Maria Fernanda Bandeira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Saúde Materno-Infantil; Sífilis; Sífilis Congênita.

description: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com carácter de pesquisa descritiva, do tipo levantamento com abordagem qualitativa, em que foi realizada buscas na Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), utilizando os seguintes Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): Sífilis, Sífilis Congênita e Saúde Materno-Infantil. Assim, o estudo objetivou-se descrever as principais implicações da sífilis na qualidade de vida Materno-Infantil. Diante dos estudos realizados, ficou evidente que as principais complicações são: mortalidade fetal, prematuridade, abortamento, contrações uterinas, febre e dores de cabeça. Além disso, observa-se que o perfil predominante na incidência de contágio por Treponema Pallidum é prevalente principalmente em gestantes com baixa escolaridade, sem parceiro fixo, com precárias condições financeiras e com idades entre 21 a 30 anos de idade.
Additional file 1 of Reticulation pattern without honeycombing on high-resolution CT is associated with the risk of disease progression in interstitial lung diseases
Creators: name: Mononen, Minna
name: Saari, Eeva
name: Hasala, Hannele
name: Kettunen, Hannu-Pekka
name: Suoranta, Sanna
name: Nurmi, Hanna
name: Kärkkäinen, Miia
name: Selander, Tuomas
name: Randell, Jukka
name: Laurikka, Jari
name: Uibu, Toomas
name: Koskela, Heikki
name: Kaarteenaho, Riitta
name: Purokivi, Minna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Describing the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the transbronchial lung cryobiopsy protocol in detail as well as including. Tables S1–2 Describing immunosuppressive therapiesand causes of death in detail.
Lagrangian filtered density function for LES-based stochastic modelling of turbulent dispersed flows
Creators: name: Innocenti, Alessio
name: Marchioli, Cristian
name: Chibbaro, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Eulerian-Lagrangian approach based on Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) is one of the most promising and viable numerical tools to study turbulent dispersed flows when the computational cost of Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) becomes too expensive. The applicability of this approach is however limited if the effects of the Sub-Grid Scales (SGS) of the flow on particle dynamics are neglected. In this paper, we propose to take these effects into account by means of a Lagrangian stochastic SGS model for the equations of particle motion. The model extends to particle-laden flows the velocity-filtered density function method originally developed for reactive flows. The underlying filtered density function is simulated through a Lagrangian Monte Carlo procedure that solves for a set of Stochastic Differential Equations (SDEs) along individual particle trajectories. The resulting model is tested for the reference case of turbulent channel flow, using a hybrid algorithm in which the fluid velocity field is provided by LES and then used to advance the SDEs in time. The model consistency is assessed in the limit of particles with zero inertia, when "duplicate fields" are available from both the Eulerian LES and the Lagrangian tracking. Tests with inertial particles were performed to examine the capability of the model to capture particle preferential concentration and near-wall segregation. Upon comparison with DNS-based statistics, our results show improved accuracy and considerably reduced errors with respect to the case in which no SGS model is used in the equations of particle motion.
Characterizing the B-type star population of four Galactic young open clusters
Creators: name: Nardini, Federica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: As the evolution of massive stars is closely tied to binarity, studying the binary population and post-binary interaction products in open clusters can provide valuable insights. In this talk, I will present the spectroscopic investigation of the B-star populations of four young open galactic clusters with different ages (15,20 and 30 Myr), including the intrinsic binary fraction of the four clusters, which allows to understand the prevalence of binary systems in each cluster. I will further present a stellar consensus and show examples of stars that might have undergone interaction processes. By examining the binary population and post-binary interaction products in open clusters of varying ages and metallicities, it is possible to gain insights into the role of these factors in binary evolution. Comparing these results with previous studies, the goal of this work is to help to refine our understanding of the complex processes involved in the evolution of massive stars and how they are influenced by the cluster environment.
Super-Planckian electron cooling in a van der Waals stack
Creators: name: Principi, Alessandro
name: Lundeberg, Mark B.
name: Hesp, Niels C. H.
name: Tielrooij, Klaas-Jan
name: Koppens, Frank H. L.
name: Polini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiative heat transfer (RHT) between macroscopic bodies at separations that are much smaller than the thermal wavelength is ruled by evanescent electromagnetic modes and can be orders of magnitude more efficient than its far-field counterpart, which is described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law. In this Letter we present a microscopic theory of RHT in van der Waals stacks comprising graphene and a natural hyperbolic material, i.e. hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). We demonstrate that RHT between hot carriers in graphene and hyperbolic phonon-polaritons in hBN is extremely efficient at room temperature, leading to picosecond time scales for the carrier cooling dynamics.
description: 7 pages, 4 multi-panel figures
A universal rank-size law
Creators: name: Ausloos, Marcel
name: Cerqueti, Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mere hyperbolic law, like the Zipf's law power function, is often inadequate to describe rank-size relationships. An alternative theoretical distribution is proposed based on theoretical physics arguments starting from the Yule-Simon distribution. A modeling is proposed leading to a universal form. A theoretical suggestion for the "best (or optimal) distribution", is provided through an entropy argument. The ranking of areas through the number of cities in various countries and some sport competition ranking serves for the present illustrations.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, 2 Tables, 49 references
The Third Swift Burst Alert Telescope Gamma-Ray Burst Catalog
Creators: name: Lien, Amy
name: Sakamoto, Takanori
name: Barthelmy, Scott D.
name: Baumgartner, Wayne H.
name: Cannizzo, John K.
name: Chen, Kevin
name: Collins, Nicholas R.
name: Cummings, Jay R.
name: Gehrels, Neil
name: Krimm, Hans A.
name: Markwardt, Craig. B.
name: Palmer, David M.
name: Stamatikos, Michael
name: Troja, Eleonora
name: Ukwatta, T. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To date, the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) onboard Swift has detected ~ 1000 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), of which ~ 360 GRBs have redshift measurements, ranging from z = 0.03 to z = 9.38. We present the analyses of the BAT-detected GRBs for the past ~ 11 years up through GRB151027B. We report summaries of both the temporal and spectral analyses of the GRB characteristics using event data (i.e., data for each photon within approximately 250 s before and 950 s after the BAT trigger time), and discuss the instrumental sensitivity and selection effects of GRB detections. We also explore the GRB properties with redshift when possible. The result summaries and data products are available at http://swift.gsfc.nasa.gov/results/batgrbcat/index.html . In addition, we perform searches for GRB emissions before or after the event data using the BAT survey data. We estimate the false detection rate to be only one false detection in this sample. There are 15 ultra-long GRBs (~ 2% of the BAT GRBs) in this search with confirmed emission beyond ~ 1000 s of event data, and only two GRBs (GRB100316D and GRB101024A) with detections in the survey data prior to the starting of event data. (Some figures shown here are in lower resolution due to the size limit on arXiv. The full resolution version can be found at http://swift.gsfc.nasa.gov/results/batgrbcat/3rdBATcatalog.pdf )
description: 110 pages, 35 figures, accepted for publication on ApJS
The role of multiplicity in the formation of sub-structures in protoplanetary disks
Creators: name: Hala Alqubelat, Carlo F.Manara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Protoplanetary disk, young binary system, close eccentric binaries

description: Approximately 10% of the protoplanetary disks host large dust-free cavities that may be caused by the presence of massive planets or internal photoevaporation. In such systems, the inner disks are often misaligned with respect to the outer disk. Both the misalignment and the cavity are possibly caused by close eccentric binaries. We are carrying out a search for (sub-)stellar spatially unresolved companions using high-resolution spectroscopy (mainly from VLT/ ESPRESSO) to test for such a hypothesis.