cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spectral Shapes of the Lya Emission from Galaxies. II. the influence of stellar properties and nebular conditions on the emergent Lya profiles
Creators: name: Hayes, Matthew J.
name: Runnholm, Axel
name: Scarlata, Claudia
name: Gronke, Max
name: Rivera-Thorsen, T. Emil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate how the stellar and nebular conditions in star-forming galaxies modulate the emission and spectral profile of HI Lya emission line. We examine the net Lya output, kinematics, and in particular emission of blue-shifted Lya radiation, using spectroscopy from with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on HST, giving a sample of 87 galaxies at redshift z=0.05-0.44. We contrast the Lya spectral measurements with properties of the ionized gas (from optical spectra) and stars (from stellar modeling). We demonstrate correlations of unprecedented strength between the Lya escape fraction (and equivalent width) and the ionization parameter (p~10^-15). The relative contribution of blue-shifted emission to the total Lya also increases from ~0 to ~40% over the range of O_32 ratios (p~10^-6). We also find particularly strong correlations with estimators of stellar age and nebular abundance, and weaker correlations regarding thermodynamic variables. Low ionization stage absorption lines suggest the Lya emission and line profile are predominantly governed by the column of absorbing gas near zero velocity. Simultaneous multi-parametric analysis over many variables shows we can predict 80% of the variance on Lya luminosity, and ~50% on the EW. We determine the most crucial predictive variables, finding that for tracers of the ionization state and Hb luminosity dominate the luminosity prediction whereas the Lya EW is best predicted by Hb EW and the Ha/Hb ratio. We discuss our results with reference to high redshift observations, focussing upon the use of Lya to probe the nebular conditions in high-z galaxies and cosmic reionization.
description: Accepted by MNRAS. 27 pages and 19 figures. ~90 online-only Figures are available here: https://ttt.astro.su.se/~mhaye/t/onlineonly_resub.pdf
Double-Blind, Randomized Trial of Docetaxel Plus Vandetanib Versus Docetaxel Plus Placebo in Platinum-Pretreated Metastatic Urothelial Cancer
Creators: name: Kantoff, Philip W.
name: Sonpavde, Guru
name: Yu, Evan Y.
name: Jacobus, Susanna
name: Kim, William Y.
name: Morrissey, Stephanie C.
name: Bubley, Glenn J.
name: Petrylak, Daniel P.
name: Mortazavi, Amir
name: Choueiri, Toni K.
name: Ross, Robert W.
name: Hutson, Thomas E.
name: Buckle, Geoffrey C.
name: Eisenberger, Mario A.
name: Rosenberg, Jonathan E.
name: Ryan, Christopher W.
name: Quinn, David I.
name: Vaishampayan, Ulka
name: Hahn, Noah M.
name: Taplin, Mary-Ellen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Vandetanib is an oral once-daily tyrosine kinase inhibitor with activity against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 and epidermal growth factor receptor. Vandetanib in combination with docetaxel was assessed in patients with advanced urothelial cancer (UC) who progressed on prior platinum-based chemotherapy.
Accounting for parameter uncertainty in two-stage designs for Phase II dose-response studies
Creators: name: McCallum, Emma
name: Bornkamp, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we consider two-stage adaptive dose-response study designs, where the study design is changed at an interim analysis based on the information collected so far. In a simulation study, two approaches will be compared for these type of designs; (i) updating the study design by calculating the maximum likelihood estimate for the dose-response model parameters and then calculating the design for the second stage that is locally optimal for this estimate, and (ii) using the complete posterior distribution of the model parameter at interim to calculate a Bayesian optimal design (i.e. taking into account parameter uncertainty). In particular, for an early interim analysis respecting parameter uncertainty seems more adequate, on the other hand for a Bayesian approach dependency on the prior is expected and an adequately thought-through prior is required. A computationally efficient method is proposed for calculating the Bayesian design at interim based on approximating the full posterior sample using k-means clustering. The sigmoid Emax dose-response model and the D-optimality criterion will be used in this paper.
The role of supernova convection for the lower mass gap in the isolated binary formation of gravitational wave sources
Creators: name: Olejak, Aleksandra
name: Fryer, Chris L.
name: Belczynski, Krzysztof
name: Baibhav, Vishal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding astrophysical phenomena involving compact objects requires an insight about the engine behind core-collapse supernovae (SNe) and the fate of the stellar collapse of massive stars. In particular, this insight is crucial in developing an understanding of the origin and formation channels of detected population of BH-BH, BH-NS and NS-NS mergers. To gain this understanding, we must tie our current knowledge of pre-SN stars properties and their potential explosions to the final NS or BH mass distribution. The timescale of convection growth may have a large effect on the strength of SN explosion and therefore also on the mass distribution of stellar remnants. In this study we adopt the new formulas for the relation between the pre-SN star properties and its remnant from Fryer et al. 2022 into StarTrack population synthesis code and check how they impact double compact object (DCO) mergers formed via isolated binary evolution. The new formulas give one ability to test a wide spectrum of assumptions on the convection growth time. In particular, different variants allow for a smooth transition between having a deep lower mass gap and a remnant mass distribution filled by massive NSs and low mass BHs. In this paper we present distribution of masses, mass ratios and the local merger rate densities of DCO mergers for different variants of new remnant mass formulas. We test them together with different approaches to other highly uncertain processes. We find that mass distribution of DCO mergers up to m_1+m_2 < 35 Msun is sensitive to adopted assumption on SN convection growth timescale. Between the two extreme tested variants the probability of compact object formation within the lower mass gap may differ up to 2 orders of magnitude. The mass ratio distribution of DCO mergers is significantly influenced by SN model only for our standard mass transfer stability criteria.
description: 22 pages, version accepted for publication in MNRAS
JWST unveils the brown dwarf sequence of 47 Tucanae
Creators: name: Nardiello, D.
name: Griggio, M.
name: Bedin, L. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a technique to restore scientific usage in compromised (publicly-available) images collected with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) of the Galactic globular cluster NGC 104 (47 Tucanae). In spite of the degradation and limited data, we were able to recover photometry and astrometry for the coolest stellar objects ever observed within a globular cluster, possibly unveiling the brightest part of the brown dwarf (BD) sequence. This is supported by: (i) proper motion membership, derived by the comparison with positions obtained from Hubble Space Telescope archival early epochs; (ii) the predicted location of the BD sequence; and (iii) the mass function for low-mass stars derived from models. Future JWST observations will provide the necessary deep and precise proper motions to confirm the nature of the here-identified BD candidates belonging to this globular cluster.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures (+1 bonus), 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letter on February 9, 2023
Effect of Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Survival of Patients With Stage III Colon Cancer Diagnosed After Age 75 Years
Creators: name: Sanoff, Hanna K.
name: Martin, Christopher F.
name: Niland, Joyce
name: Schymura, Maria J.
name: Carpenter, William R.
name: Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A.
name: Kahn, Katherine L.
name: Stürmer, Til
name: Goldberg, Richard M.
name: Schrag, Deborah
name: Fine, Jason P.
name: McCleary, Nadine Jackson
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Few patients 75 years of age and older participate in clinical trials, thus whether adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer (CC) benefits this group is unknown.
HI filaments as potential compass needles? Comparing the magnetic field structure of the Small Magellanic Cloud to the orientation of GASKAP-HI filaments
Creators: name: Ma, Y. K.
name: McClure-Griffiths, N. M.
name: Clark, S. E.
name: Gibson, S. J.
name: van Loon, J. Th.
name: Soler, J. D.
name: Putman, M. E.
name: Dickey, J. M.
name: Lee, M. -Y.
name: Jameson, K. E.
name: Uscanga, L.
name: Dempsey, J.
name: Dénes, H.
name: Lynn, C.
name: Pingel, N. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-spatial-resolution HI observations have led to the realisation that the nearby (within few hundreds of parsecs) Galactic atomic filamentary structures are aligned with the ambient magnetic field. Enabled by the high quality data from the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) radio telescope for the Galactic ASKAP HI (GASKAP-HI) survey, we investigate the potential magnetic alignment of the $\gtrsim 10\,{\rm pc}$-scale HI filaments in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). Using the Rolling Hough Transform (RHT) technique that automatically identifies filamentary structures, combined with our newly devised ray-tracing algorithm that compares the HI and starlight polarisation data, we find that the HI filaments in the northeastern end of the SMC main body ("Bar" region) and the transition area between the main body and the tidal feature ("Wing" region) appear preferentially aligned with the magnetic field traced by starlight polarisation. Meanwhile, the remaining SMC volume lacks starlight polarisation data of sufficient quality to draw any conclusions. This suggests for the first time that filamentary HI structures can be magnetically aligned across a large spatial volume ($\gtrsim\,{\rm kpc}$) outside of the Milky Way. In addition, we generate maps of the preferred orientation of HI filaments throughout the entire SMC, revealing the highly complex gaseous structures of the galaxy likely shaped by a combination of the intrinsic internal gas dynamics, tidal interactions, and star formation feedback processes. These maps can further be compared with future measurements of the magnetic structures in other regions of the SMC.
description: 24 pages, MNRAS accepted
Distance and age of the massive stellar cluster Westerlund 1. I. Parallax method using Gaia-EDR3
Creators: name: Navarete, Felipe
name: Damineli, Augusto
name: Ramirez, Aura E.
name: Rocha, Danilo F.
name: Almeida, Leonardo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Westerlund 1 (Wd 1) is one of the most massive young star clusters in the Milky Way. Although relevant for star formation and evolution, its fundamental parameters are not yet very well constrained. We aim to derive an accurate distance and provide constraints on the cluster age. We used the photometric and astrometric information available in the Gaia Early Data Release 3 (Gaia-EDR3) to infer its distance of 4.06$^{+0.36}_{-0.34}$ kpc. Modelling of the eclipsing binary system W36, reported in Paper II, led to the distance of 4.03$\pm$0.25 kpc, in agreement with the Gaia-EDR3 distance and, therefore, validating the parallax zero-point correction approach appropriate for red objects. The weighted average distance based on these two methods results in d$_{\rm wd1}$=4.05$\pm$0.20 kpc ($m-M$=13.04$^{+0.11}_{-0.12}$ mag), which has an unprecedented accuracy of 5%. Using the Binary Population and Spectral Synthesis (BPASS) models for the Red Supergiants with solar abundance, we derived an age of 10.7$\pm$1 Myr, in excellent agreement with recent work by Beasor & Davies (10.4$^{+1.3}_{-1.2}$ Myr) based on MIST evolutionary models. In Paper II, the age of W36B was reported to be 6.4$\pm$0.5 Myr, supporting recent claims of a temporal spread of several Myrs for the star-forming process within Wd 1 instead of a single monolithic starburst episode scenario.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication at MNRAS on August 18th, 2022
Effectiveness of Bevacizumab With First-Line Combination Chemotherapy for Medicare Patients With Stage IV Colorectal Cancer
Creators: name: Schrag, Deborah
name: Li, Ling
name: Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A.
name: Carpenter, William
name: Sanoff, Hanna K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Clinical trials have shown that adding bevacizumab to cytotoxic chemotherapy improves survival for patients with colorectal cancer, although its effectiveness in the Medicare population is uncertain.
Evolution of Rotating 25 M$_{\odot}$ Population III star: Physical Properties and Resulting Supernovae
Creators: name: Aryan, Amar
name: Pandey, Shashi Bhushan
name: Gupta, Rahul
name: Ror, Amit Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter, we report the outcomes of 1-D modelling of a rotating 25 M$_{\odot}$ zero-age main-sequence Population III star up to the stage of the onset of core collapse. Rapidly rotating models display violent and sporadic mass losses after the Main-Sequence stage. In comparison to the solar metallicity model, Pop III models show very small pre-supernova radii. Further, with models at the stage of the onset of core collapse, we simulate the hydrodynamic simulations of resulting supernovae. Depending upon the mass losses due to corresponding rotations and stellar winds, the resulting supernovae span a class from weak Type II to Type Ib/c. We find that the absolute magnitudes of the core-collapse supernovae resulting from Pop III stars are much fainter than that resulting from a solar metallicity star. From our simulation results, we also conclude that within the considered limits of explosion energies and Nickel masses, these transient events are very faint, making it difficult for them to be detected at high redshifts.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS:Letters
Simple fluid with broken time reversal invariance
Creators: name: Grimm, Niklas
name: Zippelius, Annette
name: Fuchs, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterize a system of hard spheres with a simple collision rule that breaks time reversal symmetry, but conserves energy. The collisions lead to an a-chiral, isotropic, and homogeneous stationary state, whose properties are determined in simulations and compared to an approximate theory originally developed for elastic hard spheres. In the nonequilibrium fluid state, velocities are correlated, a phenomenon known from other nonequilibrium stationary states. The correlations are long-ranged decaying like $1/r^d$ in $d$ dimensions. Such correlations are expected on general grounds far from equilibrium and had previously been observed in driven or non-stationary systems.
description: 14 pages, 17 Figures
Orbital occupancy and charge doping in iron-based superconductors
Creators: name: Cantoni, Claudia
name: Mitchell, Jonathan E.
name: May, Andrew F.
name: McGuire, Michael A.
name: Idrobo, Juan-Carlos
name: Berlijn, Tom
name: Dagotto, Elbio
name: Chisholm, Matthew F.
name: Zhou, Wu
name: Pennycook, Stephen J.
name: Sefat, Athena S.
name: Sales, Brian C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Iron-based superconductors (FBS) comprise several families of compounds having the same atomic building blocks for superconductivity, but large discrepancies among their physical properties. A longstanding goal in the field has been to decipher the key underlying factors controlling TC and the various doping mechanisms. In FBS materials this is complicated immensely by the different crystal and magnetic structures exhibited by the different families. In this paper, using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) coupled with electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), we observe a universal behavior in the hole concentration and magnetic moment across different families. All the parent materials have the same total number of electrons in the Fe 3d bands; however, the local Fe magnetic moment varies due to different orbital occupancy. Although the common understanding has been that both long-range and local magnetic moments decrease with doping, we find that, near the onset of superconductivity, the local magnetic moment increases and shows a dome-like maximum near optimal doping, where no ordered magnetic moment is present. In addition, we address a longstanding debate concerning how Co substitutions induces superconductivity in the 122 arsenide family, showing that the 3d band filling increases a function of doping. These new microscopic insights into the properties of FBS demonstrate the importance of spin fluctuations for the superconducting state, reveal changes in orbital occupancy among different families of FBS, and confirm charge doping as one of the mechanisms responsible for superconductivity in 122 arsenides.
Spin-controlled photonics via temporal anisotropy
Creators: name: Rizza, Carlo
name: Castaldi, Giuseppe
name: Galdi, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Temporal metamaterials, based on time-varying constitutive properties, offer new exciting possibilities for advanced field manipulations. In this study, we explore the capabilities of anisotropic temporal slabs, which rely on abrupt changes in time from isotropic to anisotropic response (and vice versa). Our findings show that these platforms can effectively manipulate the wave-spin dimension, allowing for a range of intriguing spin-controlled photonic operations. We demonstrate these capabilities through examples of spin-dependent analog computing and spin-orbit interaction effects for vortex generation. These results provide new insights into the field of temporal metamaterials, and suggest potential applications in communications, optical processing and quantum technologies.
description: 27 pages; 8 figures
Microlensing due to free-floating moon-planet systems
Creators: name: Sajadian, Sedighe
name: Sangtarash, Parisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational microlensing is a powerful method for detecting and characterizing free-floating planetary-mass objects (FFPs). FFPs could have exomoons rotating them. In this work, we study the probability of realizing these systems (i.e., free-floating moon-planet ones) through microlensing observations. These systems make mostly close caustic configurations with a considerable finite-source effect. We investigate finite-source microlensing light curves owing to free-floating moon-planet systems. We conclude that crossing planetary caustics causes an extensive extra peak at light curves' wing that only changes its width if the source star does not cross the central caustic. If the source trajectory is normal to the moon-planet axis, the moon-induced perturbation has a symmetric shape with respect to the magnification peak, and its light curve is similar to a single-lens one with a higher finite-source effect. We evaluate the \wfirst~efficiency for realizing moon-induced perturbations, which is $\left[0.002-0.094\right]\%$ by assuming a log-uniform distribution for moon-planet mass ratio in the range $\in\left[-9,~-2\right]$. The highest detection efficiency (i.e., $\simeq 0.094\%$) happens for Saturn-mass planets when moon-planet distance is $\sim 43 R_{\rm p}$, where $R_{\rm p}$ is the Saturn radius. Enhancing planetary mass extends the event's time scale and decreases the finite-source effect, but it reduces the projected moon-planet distance normalized to the Einstein radius $s(R_{\rm E})$ which in turn decreases the size of planetary caustics and takes them away from the host planet's position in close caustic configurations.
description: 9 pages, 2 tables, 4 figures
Additional file 10 of An integrated in silico-in vitro approach for identifying therapeutic targets against osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Lesage, Raphaëlle
name: Ferrao Blanco, Mauricio N.
name: Narcisi, Roberto
name: Welting, Tim
name: van Osch, Gerjo J. V. M.
name: Geris, Liesbet
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 10: Fig. S2. Effect of ALKs ratio in the influence of inflammation and TGFβ signaling on chondrocyte hypertrophy. Percentage of perturbations remaining in the healthy state (right) or transitioning towards the hypertrophic one (left) during inflammatory pathway activation with TGF-B treatment while changing the ratio between ALK1 and ALK5. The inflammatory and TGF-B profiles that were imposed are the same as in Fig. 4A except that the value imposed for ALK1 and ALK5 are varying between 0 and 1 with a 0.1 increment. ALK1=ALK5 on the red diagonals and ALK1>ALK5 in the upper right corner. Roughly, the rescue of the healthy state by TGF-B is lost when ALK1 is greater than ALK5. If ALK1 is high enough and that the difference between ALK1 and ALK5 is not greater than 10-20% then the protective effect of TGF-B is also disturbed for ALK1
Dirac pairings, one-form symmetries and Seiberg-Witten geometries
Creators: name: Argyres, Philip C.
name: Martone, Mario
name: Ray, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Coulomb phase of a quantum field theory, when present, illuminates the analysis of its line operators and one-form symmetries. For 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ field theories the low energy physics of this phase is encoded in the special Kähler geometry of the moduli space of Coulomb vacua. We clarify how the information on the allowed line operator charges and one-form symmetries is encoded in the special Kähler structure. We point out the important difference between the lattice of charged states and the homology lattice of the abelian variety fibered over the moduli space, which, when principally polarized, is naturally identified with a choice of the lattice of mutually local line operators. This observation illuminates how the distinct S-duality orbits of global forms of $\mathcal{N}=4$ theories are encoded geometrically.
description: v3 - with minor corrections
Lymphatic Mapping and Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Women With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Vulva: A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study
Creators: name: Rossi, Emma C.
name: Bakkum-Gamez, Jamie N.
name: Potkul, Ronald K.
name: Burke, James J.
name: Trimble, Cornelia L.
name: Gold, Michael A.
name: Judson, Patricia L.
name: Van Le, Linda
name: Levenback, Charles F.
name: Bell, Maria C.
name: Fowler, Jeffrey M.
name: Lentz, Samuel S.
name: Spirtos, Nick M.
name: De Geest, Koen
name: Ali, Shamshad
name: Leitao, Mario M.
name: Coleman, Robert L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: To determine the safety of sentinel lymph node biopsy as a replacement for inguinal femoral lymphadenectomy in selected women with vulvar cancer.
Missing Data in Clinical Studies: Issues and Methods
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Joseph G.
name: Chu, Haitao
name: Chen, Ming-Hui
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Missing data are a prevailing problem in any type of data analyses. A participant variable is considered missing if the value of the variable (outcome or covariate) for the participant is not observed. In this article, various issues in analyzing studies with missing data are discussed. Particularly, we focus on missing response and/or covariate data for studies with discrete, continuous, or time-to-event end points in which generalized linear models, models for longitudinal data such as generalized linear mixed effects models, or Cox regression models are used. We discuss various classifications of missing data that may arise in a study and demonstrate in several situations that the commonly used method of throwing out all participants with any missing data may lead to incorrect results and conclusions. The methods described are applied to data from an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group phase II clinical trial of liver cancer and a phase III clinical trial of advanced non–small-cell lung cancer. Although the main area of application discussed here is cancer, the issues and methods we discuss apply to any type of study.
Short dissipation times of proto-planetary discs - an artifact of selection effects?
Creators: name: Pfalzner, Susanne
name: Steinhausen, Manuel
name: Menten, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The frequency of discs around young stars, a key parameter for understanding planet formation, is most readily determined in young stellar clusters where many relatively coeval stars are located in close proximity. Observational studies seem to show that the disc frequency decreases rapidly with cluster age with <10% of cluster stars retaining their discs for longer than 2-6 Myr. Given that at least half of all stars in the field seem to harbor one or more planets, this would imply extremely fast disc dispersal and rapid planet growth. Here we question the validity of this constraint by demonstrating that the short disc dissipation times inferred to date might have been heavily underestimated by selection effects. Critically, for ages >3Myr only stars that originally populated the densest areas of very populous clusters, which are prone to disc erosion, are actually considered. This tiny sample may not be representative of the majority of stars. In fact, the higher disc fractions in co-moving groups indicate that it is likely that over 30% of all field stars retain their discs well beyond 10 Myr, leaving ample time for planet growth. Equally our solar system, with a likely formation time > 10 Myr, need no longer be an exception but in fact typical of planetary systems.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, accepted by ApJL
Delaying Product Introduction: A Dynamic Analysis with Endogenous Time Horizon
Creators: name: Gezer, Serhat
Publisher: name: Bielefeld University, Department of Business Administration and Economics
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 330
subject: Product innovation
subject: Capacity dynamics
subject: Multi-product firm
subject: Free endtime problem
subject: Delayed product introduction

description: We consider a capital accumulating incumbent firm which produces an established product and has the option to introduce an improved substitute product to the market by incurring adoption costs. We find that depending on the initial capacities on the established market and the value of adoption costs, three scenarios are possible, namely introducing immediately, later or abstaining from product introduction. In case of delay of product introduction, the incumbent reduces capacities for the established product before the new product is introduced. We encounter Skiba points where the incumbent is indifferent between two of the three scenarios and use a bifurcation analysis in order to characterize the transition towards different steady states.
Error Control Codes: A Novel Solution for Secret Key Generation and Key Refreshment Problem
Creators: name: Puri, Arjun
name: Kumar, Sudesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cryptography is the science of encrypting the information so that it is rendered unreadable for an intruder. Cryptographic techniques are of utmost importance in today's world as the information to be sent might be of invaluable importance to both the sender and the receiver. Various cryptographic techniques ensure that even if an intruder intercepts the sent information, he is not able to decipher it thus render ending it useless for the intruder. Cryptography can be grouped into two types, that is Symmetric key cryptography and Asymmetric key cryptography. Symmetric key cryptography uses the same key for encryption as well as decryption thus making it faster compared to Asymmetric Key cryptography which uses different keys for encryption and decryption. Generation of dynamic keys for Symmetric key cryptography is an interesting field and in this we have tapped this field so as to generate dynamic keys for symmetric key cryptography. In this work, we have devised an algorithm for generating dynamic keys for sending messages over a communication channel and also solving key refreshment problem.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Pathologic Complete Response Predicts Recurrence-Free Survival More Effectively by Cancer Subset: Results From the I-SPY 1 TRIAL—CALGB 150007/150012, ACRIN 6657
Creators: name: Dressler, Lynn
name: Hylton, Nola
name: Chhieng, David
name: Mies, Carolyn
name: van 't Veer, Laura
name: Chen, Yunn-Yi
name: Olopade, Olufunmilayo I.
name: Montgomery, Leslie
name: Liu, Minetta C.
name: Gray, Joe W.
name: Buxton, Meredith
name: Rabban, Joseph
name: DeMichele, Angela
name: Krontiras, Helen
name: Lehman, Constance
name: Berry, Donald A.
name: Carpenter, John T.
name: Singh, Baljit
name: Perou, Charles
name: Hudis, Cliff
name: Esserman, Laura J.
name: Tripathy, Debasish
name: Livasy, Chad
name: Carey, Lisa
name: Davis, Sarah E.
name: Yau, Christina
name: Giri, Dilip
name: Rugo, Hope S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer provides critical information about tumor response; how best to leverage this for predicting recurrence-free survival (RFS) is not established. The I-SPY 1 TRIAL (Investigation of Serial Studies to Predict Your Therapeutic Response With Imaging and Molecular Analysis) was a multicenter breast cancer study integrating clinical, imaging, and genomic data to evaluate pathologic response, RFS, and their relationship and predictability based on tumor biomarkers.
title: „Eroi și martiri ai clasei muncitoare”. Biografia, ca tehnică a propagandei comuniste
Creators: name: Diac, Cristina
Publisher: name: Roma Tre-Press
Year: 2013

description: Abstract:

Studiul de față își propune să discute o manieră de instrumentare a limbajului în folosul puterii politice în primii ani ai regimului comunist din România. Prima parte intenționează să explice trei noțiuni: partidul comunist din România între 1921-1944; biografia - locul, rolulși evoluția ei în timpul regimului comunist; «erou al clasei muncitoare». A doua parte discută tehnicile de falsificare a istoriei, așa cum rezultă ele din biografiile eroice ale militanți comuniști destinate publicului larg, apărute în anii 1945 și 1949.

Abstract:

"Working class heroes and martyrs". The biography as technique of communist propaganda. This study aims to discuss a way of dealing with language in favor of political power in the early years of the communist regime in Romania. The first part is focused on three subjects: Communist Party of Romania between 1921- 1944; biography - its place, role and evolution during the communist regime, "working class hero". The second part discusses the tools used to falsificate history, as they result from the hagiographic biographies of communist militants directed to the public and appeared from 1945 to 1949.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.1 – 2013 – APOLOGIE
Randomized Controlled Trial of Interval-Compressed Chemotherapy for the Treatment of Localized Ewing Sarcoma: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group
Creators: name: Marcus, Karen
name: Sailer, Scott
name: Grier, Holcombe E.
name: Krailo, Mark D.
name: Dickman, Paul S.
name: Healey, John H.
name: Weiss, Aaron R.
name: Pawel, Bruce R.
name: Dormans, John P.
name: West, Daniel C.
name: Womer, Richard B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Chemotherapy with alternating vincristine-doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide-etoposide cycles and primary tumor treatment with surgery and/or radiation therapy constitute the usual approach to localized Ewing sarcoma in North America. We tested whether chemotherapy intensification through interval compression could improve outcome.
Additional file 11 of An integrated in silico-in vitro approach for identifying therapeutic targets against osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Lesage, Raphaëlle
name: Ferrao Blanco, Mauricio N.
name: Narcisi, Roberto
name: Welting, Tim
name: van Osch, Gerjo J. V. M.
name: Geris, Liesbet
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 11: Fig. S3. Screenshot of the user-friendly interface for the virtual chondrocytes App. The standalone Matlab-based applications can be launched and used without Matlab license, provided that the compiler Matlab Runtime is installed ( https://nl.mathworks.com/products/compiler/matlab-runtime.html ). The virtual chondrocyte initial state can be set as healthy or hypertrophic, allowing the user to test any scenarios. All the 60 components may be perturbed alone or in any sort of combination by forcing the variables to take a value in the interval [0:1], with a step of 0.1. The most left column indicate the value of the variable in the selected initial state, for information. Obviously, applying a perturbation that is equal to the initial value of the variable will not affect the system. Once the setting are done, the user can apply the experimental condition by pushing the button ‘Test condition’ and the percentage of transitions towards each of the possible basal stable states (i.e. ‘None’, ‘Healthy’ and ‘Hypertrophic’) is computed. If the ‘Compute statistics’ box is ticked, then the experiment is repeated 3 times and the average and standard deviations are displayed (variation occurs due to the stochastic nature of the model). The results may be exported and saved in an excel file via the ‘Save’ button. The application can be installed with the executable file on the GitHub repository, [ https://github.com/Rapha-L/Insilico_chondro.git ]. No Matlab license is required, however, the operating system should be able to support the Matlab software. For Linux users, a Windows virtual machine may be used.
Particle mixing, two level systems and gauge theory
Creators: name: Raimondo, Gianluca
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: FIS/02 FISICA TEORICA, MODELLI E METODI MATEMATICI
subject: Mixing
subject: Q-bit
subject: Gauge
subject: QFT

description: 2010 - 2011
description: In this thesis I will discuss the theory of two level systems and the theory of the oscillating particles in quantum eld theory. In the rst chapter I will consider the time evolution of a two level system, a qubit, to show that it has inside a local in time gauge invariant evolution equation. I construct the covariant derivative operator and show that it is related to the free energy. The gauge invariance of the time evolution of the two level system is analogous to the phenomenon of birefringence.I also show that the two level systems present a Berry-like and an Anandan-Aharonov phase. Finally, I discuss entropy environment e ects and the distance in projective Hilbert space between two level states to show that the last one is properly related to the Aharonov - Anandan phase. In the second chapter I review the result obtained in QFT for particle mix- ing, analyzing the theoretical construction and the oscillation formula in the fermion case.I will emphasize the di erences between the quantum mechan- ics formulas and the QFT formulas.The unitary inequivalence between the avor and the mass eigenstates is also shown and the structure of the current for charged elds is nally discussed. I found a non - perturbative vacuum structure for the mixing particles that, among the other things, will lead to a non zero contribution to the value of the cosmological constant (chapter 3). Several links between rst and second chapter will arise from this thesis and will shed the light on the fact that it is possible to construct a generic two level quantum eld theory, that is an extension of the quantum mechanics bit theory in a quantum eld theory framework. [edited by Author]
Further evidence that galaxy age drives observed type Ia supernova luminosity differences
Creators: name: Wiseman, P.
name: Sullivan, M.
name: Smith, M.
name: Popovic, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are explosions of white dwarf stars that facilitate exquisite measurements of cosmological expansion history, but improvements in accuracy and precision are hindered by observational biases. Of particular concern is the apparent difference in the corrected brightnesses of SNe Ia in different host galaxy environments. SNe Ia in more massive, passive, older environments appear brighter after having been standardized by their light-curve properties. The luminosity difference commonly takes the form of a step function. Recent works imply that environmental characteristics that trace the age of the stellar population in the vicinity of SNe show the largest steps. Here we use simulations of SN Ia populations to test the impact of using different tracers and investigate promising new models of the step. We test models with a total-to-selective dust extinction ratio $R_V$ that changes between young and old SN Ia host galaxies, as well as an intrinsic luminosity difference between SNe from young and old progenitors. The data are well replicated by a model driven by a galaxy-age varying $R_V$ and no intrinsic SN luminosity difference, and we find that specific star-formation rate measured locally to the SN is a relatively pure tracer of this galaxy age difference. We cannot rule out an intrinsic difference causing part of the observed step and show that if luminosity differences are caused by multiple drivers then no single environmental measurement is able to accurately trace them. We encourage the use of multiple tracers in luminosity corrections to negate this issue.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Higher spin JT gravity and a matrix model dual
Creators: name: Kruthoff, Jorrit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a generalization of the Saad-Shenker-Stanford duality relating matrix models and JT gravity to the case in which the bulk includes higher spin fields. Using a $\textsf{PSL}(N,\mathbb{R})$ BF theory we compute the disk and generalization of the trumpet partition function in this theory. We then study higher genus corrections and show how this differs from the usual JT gravity calculations. In particular, the usual quotient by the mapping class group is not enough to ensure finite answers and so we propose to extend this group with additional elements that make the gluing integrals finite. These elements can be thought of as large higher spin diffeomorphisms. The cylinder contribution to the spectral form factor then behaves as $T^{N-1}$ at late times $T$, signaling a deviation from conventional random matrix theory. To account for this deviation, we propose that the bulk theory is dual to a matrix model consisting of $N-1$ commuting matrices associated to the $N-1$ conserved higher spin charges. We find further evidence for the existence of the additional mapping class group elements by interpreting the bulk gauge theory geometrically and employing the formalism developed by Gomis et al. in the nineties. This formalism introduces additional (auxiliary) boundary times so that each conserved charge generates translations in those new directions. This allows us to find an explicit description for the $\textsf{PSL}(3,\mathbb{R})$ Schwarzian theory for the disk and trumpet and view the additional mapping class group elements as ordinary Dehn twists, but in higher dimensions.
description: 44 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 12 of An integrated in silico-in vitro approach for identifying therapeutic targets against osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Lesage, Raphaëlle
name: Ferrao Blanco, Mauricio N.
name: Narcisi, Roberto
name: Welting, Tim
name: van Osch, Gerjo J. V. M.
name: Geris, Liesbet
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 12: Table S4. Targets and associated small molecules or growth factors for in vitro validation. The first row indicates the targets to be perturbed, [+] stands for activation while [-] stands for inhibition. The name (resp. cat number) of the small molecule or growth factor employed to achieve that effect is indicated in the row called ‘Molecule name’ (resp. ‘Cat n°’).
RFI Flagging in Solar and Space Weather Low Frequency Radio Observations
Creators: name: Zhang, Peijin
name: Offringa, André R.
name: Zucca, Pietro
name: Kozarev, Kamen
name: Mancini, Mattia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio spectroscopy provides a unique inspection perspective for solar and space weather research, which can reveal the plasma and energetic electron information in the solar corona and inner heliosphere. However, Radio-Frequency Interference (RFI) from human activities affects sensitive radio telescopes, and significantly affects the quality of observation. Thus, RFI detection and mitigation for the observations is necessary to obtain high quality, science-ready data. The flagging of RFI is particularly challenging for the solar and space weather observations at low frequency, because the solar radio bursts can be brighter than the RFI, and may show similar temporal behavior. In this work, we investigate RFI flagging methods for solar and space weather observations, including a strategy for AOFlagger, and a novel method that makes use of a morphology convolution. These algorithms can effectively flag RFI while preserving solar radio bursts.
Die universitäre Lehre über den Holocaust in Deutschland
Creators: name: Nägel, Verena
name: Kahle, Lena
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::940 Geschichte Europas::943 Geschichte Mitteleuropas; Deutschlands
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung::378 Hochschulbildung

description: Wie steht es über 70 Jahre nach der Befreiung der nationalsozialistischen Konzentrations- und Vernichtungslager um die Vermittlung des Holocaust an deutschen Hochschulen? Was erfahren Studierende im Rahmen ihres Studiums über den Holocaust und seine Nachwirkungen? In welchem Umfang und in welchen Disziplinen wird das Thema gelehrt? Welche besonderen Herausforderungen ergeben sich aus der deutschen Verantwortung für den Holocaust? Gibt es Besonderheiten des Hochschulsystems in Deutschland, die sich auf die Art und Weise der Lehre zum Thema auswirken? Zu all diesen Fragen liegen bisher keine umfassenden Studien vor. Anders als der Stand und die Entwicklung der schulischen Vermittlung des Holocaust in Deutschland, ist die Lehre an deutschen Hochschulen über das Thema bislang nur selten Gegenstand der wissenschaftlichen Forschung gewesen. Die vorliegende Studie macht einen ersten Schritt, um diese Lücke zu schließen. Sie beschreibt den Ist-Zustand der universitären Vermittlung des Holocaust in Deutschland zu und zeigt Besonderheiten und Trends auf. Mittels eines zweistufigen Erhebungsverfahrens, das eine empirische Auswertung von Vorlesungsverzeichnissen mit einer Inhaltsanalyse von Expert(inn)eninterviews kombiniert, wird der Status quo sowohl quantitativ als auch qualitativ beschrieben und so ein differenziertes Bild der akademischen Lehre über den Holocaust in Deutschland gezeichnet.
Randomized Phase II Trial of Erlotinib Alone or With Carboplatin and Paclitaxel in Patients Who Were Never or Light Former Smokers With Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma: CALGB 30406 Trial
Creators: name: Villalona-Calero, Miguel A.
name: Vokes, Everett E.
name: Capelletti, Marzia
name: Jänne, Pasi A.
name: Edelman, Martin J.
name: Crawford, Jeffrey
name: Wang, Xiaofei
name: Kratzke, Robert
name: Stinchcombe, Thomas E.
name: Gu, Lin
name: Socinski, Mark A.
name: Miller, Vincent A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Erlotinib is clinically effective in patients with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have adenocarcinoma, are never or limited former smokers, or have EGFR mutant tumors. We investigated the efficacy of erlotinib alone or in combination with chemotherapy in patients with these characteristics.