Chapsa pulchra Mangold
Creators: name: Kalb, Jutarat
name: Kalb, Klaus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Ostropales
Graphidaceae
Chapsa
Chapsa pulchra

description: Chapsa pulchra (Müller Arg. 1891: 395) Mangold in Mangold et al. (2009: 654). (Fig. 1C)   
This species is characterized by a pale grey thallus, conspicuous ascomata with a white pruinose disc, 11–20-transversely septate, hyaline, I– ascospores, 30–55 × 6–8 μm and absence of secondary lichen products.  
 Distribution and habitat:— Chapsa pulchra was previously reported as being endemic for Australia where it is common in rainforests and wet sclerophyll forests in eastern Queensland and northeastern New South Wales (Mangold et al. 2009).   
 Material examined from Thailand:— Chumphon province: Lamae district; in a rubber tree plantation (Hevea brasiliensis), 40 m, 09°42’ N, 99°00’ E, 4 April 2012, K. Kalb et al. 39153 (Hb. K. Kalb)— Loei province: Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary, Khok Nok Kraba Ranger Station, Tha Sala, Phu Ruea, in a lower montane scrub, 1555 m, 17°16’39’’ N, 101°31’33’’ E, 11 November 2008, V. Poengsungnoen RU-VP-LO_001 (RAMK 030387, 030388).   
 Remarks:— Chapsa indica A. Massal. is habitually very similar, but easily distinguished by having much larger ascospores with more septa (17–34-septate, 50–100 × 7–11 μm). The other Chapsa species reported from Thailand differ in having muriform ascospores (C. discoides (Stirt.) Lücking, C. laemensis (Homchant. & Coppins) Lumbsch & Papong, C. leprocarpa (Nyl.) Frisch, leprocarpoides (Hale) M. Cáceres & Lücking and C. patens (Nyl.) Frisch). Chapsa imperfecta (Hale) Rivas Plata & Mangold which has more or less the same spore size is distinguished in having ascocarps with a layered exciple and a non-pruinose disc and C. alborosella (Nyl.) Frisch differs in having smaller ascospores with less septa (5–9-septate, 17–22 × 3–6 μm).   
 Constrictolumina leucostoma (Müller Arg. 1885: 257) Lücking, M. P. Nelsen & Aptroot in Aptroot & Lücking (2016: 920). (Fig. 1D)   
This species is characterized by a whitish to brownish thallus, solitary (in the Thai collection) to grouped ascomata and small (17–22 × 6–8 μm), hyaline, 3-septate ascospores.  
 Distribution and habitat:— Constrictolumina leucostoma was reported from the USA, Bahamas and Antilles (Aptroot & Lücking 2016) and is here reported for the first time from the Palaeotropics. It was collected in eastern Thailand in an old, but disturbed mangrove forest.   
 Material examined from Thailand:— Trat province: Mueang district; Ban Pak Klong Num Chiew, in a disturbed mangrove forest, 3 m, 12°10’25’’ N, 102°28’37’’ E, 15 January 2012, K. Kalb et al. 40863, det. A. Aptroot (Hb. K. Kalb).   
 Remarks:—Only one species of Constrictolumina, a recent segregate within Trypetheliaceae (Aptroot & Lücking 2016), viz. C. cinchonae (Ach.) Lücking was previously reported from Thailand. C. leucostoma is easily separated from that species in having 3-septate ascospores (1-septate in C. cinchonae). C. constrictolumina was reported from USA, Bahamas and Antilles. Our collection is a new record for the Palaeotropics.
description: Published as part of Kalb, Jutarat & Kalb, Klaus, 2017, New lichen species from Thailand, new combinations and new additions to the Thai lichen biota, pp. 141-156 in Phytotaxa 332 (2) on pages 144-145, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.332.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/13722024