cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exploring atmospheres of hot mini-Neptunes and extrasolar giant planets orbiting different stars with application to HD 97658b, WASP-12b, CoRoT-2b, XO-1b and HD 189733b
Creators: name: Miguel, Yamila
name: Kaltenegger, Lisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculated an atmospheric grid for hot mini-Neptune and giant exoplanets, that links astrophysical observable parameters- orbital distance and stellar type- with the chemical atmospheric species expected. The grid can be applied to current and future observations to characterize exoplanet atmospheres and serves as a reference to interpret atmospheric retrieval analysis results. To build the grid, we developed a 1D code for calculating the atmospheric thermal structure and link it to a photochemical model that includes disequilibrium chemistry (molecular diffusion, vertical mixing and photochemistry). We compare thermal profiles and atmospheric composition of planets at different semimajor axis (0.01$\leq$a$\leq$0.1AU) orbiting F, G, K and M stars. Temperature and UV flux affect chemical species in the atmosphere. We explore which effects are due to temperature and which due to stellar characteristics, showing the species most affected in each case. CH$_4$ and H$_2$O are the most sensitive to UV flux, H displaces H$_2$ as the most abundant gas in the upper atmosphere for planets receiving a high UV flux. CH$_4$ is more abundant for cooler planets. We explore vertical mixing, to inform degeneracies on our models and in the resulting spectral observables. For lower pressures observable species like H$_2$O or CO$_2$ can indicate the efficiency of vertical mixing, with larger mixing ratios for a stronger mixing. By establishing the grid, testing the sensitivity of the results and comparing our model to published results, our paper provides a tool to estimate what observations could yield. We apply our model to WASP-12b, CoRoT-2b, XO-1b, HD189733b and HD97658b.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Water Carriers and Inland Waterways in Agricultural Transportation
Creators: name: Gaibler, Floyd D.
name: Gaibler, Floyd D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Agricultural products
subject: capacity
subject: exports
subject: inland waterways
subject: policy issues
subject: production
subject: traffic
subject: transportation

description: Agricultural commerce on inland waterways has experienced rapid growth in recent years. Major inland movements of agricultural commodities are identified. Effects of pricing and seasonality peculiar to agricultural traffic are examined. Factors contributing to growth of agricultural shipments are analyzed. Finally, policy issues which could impact upon the future of agricultural transportation by waterway are discussed.
Detecting quantum phase transitions in the quasi-stationary regime of Ising chains
Creators: name: Dağ, Ceren B.
name: Uhrich, Philipp
name: Wang, Yidan
name: McCulloch, Ian P.
name: Halimeh, Jad C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, single-site observables have been shown to be useful for the detection of dynamical criticality due to an emergence of a universal critically-prethermal temporal regime in the magnetization [arXiv:2105.05986]. Here, we explore the potential of single-site observables as probes of quantum phase transitions in integrable and nonintegrable transverse-field Ising chains (TFIC). We analytically prove the requirement of zero modes for a quasi-stationary temporal regime to emerge at a bulk probe site, and show how this regime gives rise to a non-analytic behavior in the dynamical order profiles. Our $t$-DMRG calculations verify the results of the quench mean-field theory for near-integrable TFIC both with finite-size and finite-time scaling analyses. We find that both finite-size and finite-time analyses suggest a dynamical critical point for a strongly nonintegrable and locally connected TFIC. We finally demonstrate the presence of a quasi-stationary regime in the power-law interacting TFIC, and extract local dynamical order profiles for TFIC in the long-range Ising universality class with algebraic light cones.
description: 22 pages, 23 figures. Revised with new analytical calculations, new content and improved presentation
A Suggestion for MOND
Creators: name: Rastall, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modified Newtonian dynamics (Mond) has had considerable success in describing motions in galaxies. It uses a single force which falls off inversely with the distance at large distances and inversely with the square of the distance at smaller distances. We present an alternative theory with two forces, one the traditional Newtonian inverse-square, and the other that falls off inversely with distance at large distances. This obvious possibility has been avoided because of fear that the second force would be incompatible with observed planetary motions. However, the non-linear field equation that governs this force is shown to reduce its strength near stars. The theory is derived from a Lagrangian density with two scalar potentials. It is non-relativistic, but nevertheless agrees with the classical tests of relativistic gravity and can be used to calculate the bending of light in gravitational fields. Possible applications to interactions in galactic clusters and to anomalous planetary motions are noted.
description: 5 pages. Some clarifying comments have been added and one section has been renamed. The argument and equations are unchanged
Quasar Black Hole Mass Estimates in the Era of Time Domain Astronomy
Creators: name: Kelly, Brandon C.
name: Treu, Tommaso
name: Malkan, Matthew
name: Pancoast, Anna
name: Woo, Jong-Hak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dependence of the normalization of the high-frequency part of the X-ray and optical power spectral densities (PSD) on black hole mass for a sample of 39 active galactic nuclei (AGN) with black hole masses estimated from reverberation mapping or dynamical modeling. We obtained new Swift observations of PG 1426+015, which has the largest estimated black hole mass of the AGN in our sample. We develop a novel statistical method to estimate the PSD from a lightcurve of photon counts with arbitrary sampling, eliminating the need to bin a lightcurve to achieve Gaussian statistics, and we use this technique to estimate the X-ray variability parameters for the faint AGN in our sample. We find that the normalization of the high-frequency X-ray PSD is inversely proportional to black hole mass. We discuss how to use this scaling relationship to obtain black hole mass estimates from the short time-scale X-ray variability amplitude with precision ~ 0.38 dex. The amplitude of optical variability on time scales of days is also anti-correlated with black hole mass, but with larger scatter. Instead, the optical variability amplitude exhibits the strongest anti-correlation with luminosity. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of our results for estimating black hole mass from the amplitude of AGN variability.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, emulateapj format, submitted to ApJ
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1920-02)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741
subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Radiation hydrodynamics integrated in the code PLUTO
Creators: name: Kolb, Stefan M.
name: Stute, Matthias
name: Kley, Wilhelm
name: Mignone, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transport of energy through radiation is very important in many astrophysical phenomena. In dynamical problems the time-dependent equations of radiation hydrodynamics have to be solved. We present a newly developed radiation-hydrodynamics module specifically designed for the versatile MHD code PLUTO. The solver is based on the flux-limited diffusion approximation in the two-temperature approach. All equations are solved in the co-moving frame in the frequency independent (grey) approximation. The hydrodynamics is solved by the different Godunov schemes implemented in PLUTO, and for the radiation transport we use a fully implicit scheme. The resulting system of linear equations is solved either using the successive over-relaxation (SOR) method (for testing purposes), or matrix solvers that are available in the PETSc library. We state in detail the methodology and describe several test cases in order to verify the correctness of our implementation. The solver works in standard coordinate systems, such as Cartesian, cylindrical and spherical, and also for non-equidistant grids. We have presented a new radiation-hydrodynamics solver coupled to the MHD-code \PLUTO that is a modern, versatile and efficient new module for treating complex radiation hydrodynamical problems in astrophysics. As test cases, either purely radiative situations, or full radiation-hydrodynamical setups (including radiative shocks and convection in accretion discs) have been studied successfully. The new module scales very well on parallel computers using MPI. For problems in star or planet formation, we have added the possibility of irradiation by a central source.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
Witnessing Objectivity on a Quantum Computer
Creators: name: Chisholm, Diana A.
name: García-Pérez, Guillermo
name: Rossi, Matteo A. C.
name: Maniscalco, Sabrina
name: Palma, G. Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the emergence of objectivity from the quantum realm has been a long standing issue strongly related to the quantum to classical crossover. Quantum Darwinism provides an answer, interpreting objectivity as consensus between independent observers. Quantum computers provide an interesting platform for such experimental investigation of quantum Darwinism, fulfilling their initial intended purpose as quantum simulators. Here we assess to what degree current NISQ devices can be used as experimental platforms in the field of quantum Darwinism. We do this by simulating an exactly solvable stochastic collision model, taking advantage of the analytical solution to benchmark the experimental results.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
Hawking radiation from rotating AdS black holes in conformal gravity
Creators: name: Wu, Shuang-Qing
name: Deng, Gao-Ming
name: Wu, Di
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend to study Hawking radiation via tunneling in conformal gravity. We adopt Parikh-Wilczek's semi-classical tunneling method and the method of complex-path integral to investigate Hawking radiation from new rotating AdS black holes in conformal gravity. In this paper, the research on Hawking radiation from the rotating black holes is done in a general system, not limited in dragging coordinate systems any longer. Moreover, there existed some shortcomings in the previous derivation of geodesic equations. Different from the massless case, they used a different approach to derive the geodesic equation of the massive particles. Even the treatment was inconsistent with the variation principle of action. To remedy the shortcoming, we improve treatment to deduce the geodesic equations of massive and massless particles in a unified and self-consistent way. In addition, we also recover the Hawking temperature resorting to the complex-path integral method.
description: Latex, 12 pages, no figure
Learning algebraic structures with the help of Borel equivalence relations
Creators: name: Bazhenov, Nikolay
name: Cipriani, Vittorio
name: Mauro, Luca San
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68Q32, 03E15

description: We study algorithmic learning of algebraic structures. In our framework, a learner receives larger and larger pieces of an arbitrary copy of a computable structure and, at each stage, is required to output a conjecture about the isomorphism type of such a structure. The learning is successful if the conjectures eventually stabilize to a correct guess. We prove that a family of structures is learnable if and only if its learning domain is continuously reducible to the relation $E_0$ of eventual agreement on reals. This motivates a novel research program, that is, using descriptive set theoretic tools to calibrate the (learning) complexity of nonlearnable families. Here, we focus on the learning power of well-known benchmark Borel equivalence relations (i.e., $E_1$, $E_2$, $E_3$, $Z_0$, and $E_{set}$).
description: 28 pages, 3 figures
Echimys chrysurus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Echimys
Echimys chrysurus

description: Echimys chrysurus (Zimmermann, 1780). Geogr. Gesch. Mensch. Vierf. Thiere, 2: 352. TYPE LOCALITY: Surinam. DISTRIBUTION: Guianas to lower Amazonian N. E. Brazil. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410029005004001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 587, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
Employee participation in management, bargaining power and wages
Creators: name: Svejnar, Jan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1982
Subjects: Wages
Collective bargaining
Management--Employee participation
Economics
Business

description: The paper analyzes the impact of employee participation in management on bargaining power and wages. It presents an empirical model which allows for variable bargaining powers of the parties who jointly control the firm and it tests this model with postwar West German data. The results suggest that ‘parity codetermination’ has had a positive effect on earnings in iron and steel but not in coal mining. Moreover, it appears that the positive effect in iron and steel could be due to increased profitability rather than an increase in the bargaining power of labor as defined in this study.
A History of Sugar Marketing Through 1974
Creators: name: Ballinger, Roy A.
name: Ballinger, Roy A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Sugar
subject: quota
subject: preference
subject: tariff
subject: refined
subject: raw
subject: world trade
subject: sweeteners
subject: corn sweeteners

description: The quota system of regulating the production, importation, and marketing of sugar in the United States through 1974 was an outgrowth of Government regulation of the sugar trade dating from colonial times. Similar systems have developed in most other countries, particularly those which import sugar. The U.S. Sugar Quota System benefited domestic sugar producers by providing stable prices at favorable levels. These prices also encouraged the production and use of substitute sweeteners, particularly high fructose and glucose sirup and crystalline dextrose in various industries. But sugar is still the most widely used sweetener in the United States, although its dominant position is being increasingly threatened.
Dissertatio Inavgvralis Ivridica De Testamentificatione Bremensi; [1770]
Creators: name: Lampe, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2014

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Gottingae Literis Ioannis Henrici Schvlzii, Acad. Typogr.
On the Geometric Mechanics of Assignment Flows for Metric Data Labeling
Creators: name: Savarino, Fabrizio
name: Albers, Peter
name: Schnörr, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B12, 37D40, 37J39

description: Metric data labeling refers to the task of assigning one of multiple predefined labels to every given datapoint based on the metric distance between label and data. This assignment of labels typically takes place in a spatial or spatio-temporal context. Assignment flows are a class of dynamical models for metric data labeling that evolve on a basic statistical manifold, the so called assignment manifold, governed by a system of coupled replicator equations. In this paper we generalize the result of a recent paper for uncoupled replicator equations and adopting the viewpoint of geometric mechanics, relate assignment flows to critical points of an action functional via the associated Euler-Lagrange equation. We also show that not every assignment flow is a critical point and characterize precisely the class of coupled replicator equations fulfilling this relation, a condition that has been missing in recent related work. Finally, some consequences of this connection to Lagrangian mechanics are investigated including the fact that assignment flows are, up to initial conditions of measure zero, reparametrized geodesics of the so-called Jacobi metric.
Quantum Process Tomography of Unitary Maps from Time-Delayed Measurements
Creators: name: Gutiérrez, Irene López
name: Dietrich, Felix
name: Mendl, Christian B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum process tomography conventionally uses a multitude of initial quantum states and then performs state tomography on the process output. Here we propose and study an alternative approach which requires only a single (or few) known initial states together with time-delayed measurements for reconstructing the unitary map and corresponding Hamiltonian of the time dynamics. The overarching mathematical framework and feasibility guarantee of our method is provided by the Takens embedding theorem. We explain in detail how the reconstruction of a single qubit Hamiltonian works in this setting, and provide numerical methods and experiments for general few-qubit and lattice systems with local interactions. In particular, the method allows to find the Hamiltonian of a two qubit system by observing only one of the qubits.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Allocapnia smithi Ross & Ricker 1971
Creators: name: Stark, Bill P.
name: Kondratieff, Boris C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Capniidae
Allocapnia
Allocapnia smithi

description: Allocapnia smithi Ross & Ricker (Figs. 73-78) Allocapnia smithi Ross & Ricker 1971:48. Holotype ♂ (Illinois Natural History Survey), 2.5 miles W South Hill, Butler Co., Kentucky Material examined. Alabama: Tuscaloosa Co., Wallace Branch, 5 mi SE Berry, 21 January 1982, S.C. Harris, P. O’Neil, 4♂ (BPS). Tuscaloosa Co., Blue Creek, CR 38, 15 January 2011, B. Stark, K. Gaynor, 7♂ (BPS). Kentucky: Edmondson Co., Cub Creek, Roundhill Rd, 22 February 1999, B.C. Kondratieff, R.F. Kirchner 22♂, 2♀ (CSUC). Male epiproct. Apical segment of upper limb ca. 345 μm long, armed on apical ca. 154 μm with dense patch of wave-like spikes (Figs. 73-76); apical segment ca. 135 μm wide at base, tapered to a rounded tip. Basal segment of upper limb ca. 355 μm long and ca. 102 μm wide at midlength; basal segment with median groove. Greatest width of lower limb ca. 200 μm; lower limb bearing a sparse, marginal row of long setae in apical third. Male tergal process. Prominent raised structures on abdominal terga 7 and 8 (Figs. 77-78). Process of tergum 8 trilobed with mesal lobe about as high as lateral lobes; tergum 8 process ca. 176 μm wide; lateral lobes expanded on dorsum in lateral and dorsal aspect, appearing somewhat boot shaped in side view; anterior face of process with a transverse groove. Process of tergum 7 only slightly elevated, ca. 75 μm wide, and without mesal lobe.
description: Published as part of Stark, Bill P. & Kondratieff, Boris C., 2012, Epiproct And Dorsal Process Structure In The Allocapnia Forbesi Frison, A. Pygmaea (Burmeister), And A. Rickeri Frison Species Groups (Plecoptera: Capniidae), And Inclusion Of A. Minima (Newport) In A New Species Group, pp. 45-77 in Illiesia 8 (5) on pages 63-66, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4760725
description: {"references": ["Ross, H. H. & W. E. Ricker. 1971. The classification, evolution, and dispersal of the winter stonefly genus Allocapnia. Illinois Biological Monographs 45: University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Illinois. 166 pp."]}
The determinants of industrial-sector earnings in Senegal
Creators: name: Svejnar, Jan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1984
Subjects: Wages--Econometric models
Wages--Manufacturing industries
Economics
Commerce

description: The paper presents an econometric framework for testing the determinants of the industrial-sector earnings in Senegal. Using relatively rich data from the 1976 Industrial Census it is possible to test several hypotheses and generate estimates, some of which could not be obtained within the context of developing countries before. The main results relate to the earnings effects of sex, ethnic background, occupational attainment, and industry characteristics.
Dense and Hot QCD at Strong Coupling
Creators: name: Demircik, Tuna
name: Ecker, Christian
name: Järvinen, Matti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel framework for the equation of state of dense and hot Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), which focuses on the region of the phase diagram relevant for neutron star mergers and core-collapse supernovae. The model combines predictions from the gauge/gravity duality with input from lattice field theory, QCD perturbation theory, chiral effective theory and statistical modeling. It is therefore, by construction, in good agreement with theoretical constraints both at low and high densities and temperatures. The main ingredients of our setup are the non-perturbative V-QCD model based on the gauge/gravity duality, a van der Waals model for nucleon liquid, and the DD2 version of the Hempel-Schaffner-Bielich statistical model of nuclear matter. By consistently combining these models, we also obtain a description for the nuclear to quark matter phase transition and its critical endpoint. The parameter dependence of the model is represented by three (soft, intermediate and stiff) variants of the equation of state, all of which agree with observational constraints from neutron stars and their mergers. We discuss resulting constraints for the equation of state, predictions for neutron stars and the location of the critical point.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, comments welcome
Note on the super inflation in loop quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Xiao, Kui
name: He, Xiao-Kai
name: Zhu, Jian-Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phenomenological effect of the super-inflation in loop quantum cosmology (LQC) is discussed. We investigate the case that the Universe is filled with the interacting field between massive scalar field and radiation. Considering the damping coefficient $Γ$ as a constant, the changes of the scale factor during super-inflation with four different initial conditions are discussed, and we find that the changes of the scale factor depends on the initial values of energy density of the scalar field and radiation at the bounce point. But no matter which initial condition is chosen, the radiation always dominated at the late time. Moreover, we investigate whether the super-inflation can provide enough e-folding number. For the super-inflation starts from the quantum bounce point, the initial value of Hubble parameter $H(t_i)\sim0$, then it is possible to solve the flatness problem and horizon problem. As an example, following the method of \cite{Amoros-prd} to calculate particle horizon on the condition that the radiation dominated at bounce point, and we find that the Universe has had enough time to be homogeneous and isotopic.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Physics Letters B, online publication complete: 13-NOV-2013
Farm Population Estimates for 1976
Creators: name: Banks, Vera J.
name: Banks, Vera J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Farm population
subject: Migration
subject: Regional analysis

description: An average of 8,253,000 persons lived on farms in rural areas of the United States in the 12-month period centered on April 1976. The North Central Region, with 3.8 million persons living on farms, is the most populous; the South, with 2.9 million farm residents, ranks second. The 1976 estimate of U.S. farm population was almost 1.5 million (or 15 percent) lower than in 1970. For the 1970-76 period, the average net loss of farm population through migration or reclassification of residence from farm to nonfarm was about 270,000 annually. The average rate of this net outflow was 2.9 percent. The United States and all geographic regions and divisions had a significant decline in both the volume and rate of farm outmovement during 1970-76 as compared to earlier years. Of the four major U.S. geographic regions, only the West registered a farm population increase since 1970.
Electrical current in Sinai billiards under general small forces
Creators: name: Chernov, Nikolai
name: Zhang, Hong-Kun
name: Zhang, Pengfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Lorentz gas of $\mathbb{Z}^2$-periodic scatterers (or the so called Sinai billiards) can be used to model motion of electrons on an ionized medal. We investigate the linear response for the system under various external forces (during both the flight and the collision). We give some characterizations under which the forced system is time-reversible, and derive an estimate of the electrical current generated by the forced system. Moreover, applying Pesin entropy formula and Young dimension formula, we get several characterizations of the non-equilibrium steady state of the forced system.
description: 19 pages
Using temporally resolved floral resource maps to explain bumblebee colony performance in agricultural landscapes
Creators: name: Eckerter, Philipp Wolfgang
name: Albus, Lars
name: Sharumathi Natarajan
name: Albrecht, Matthias
name: Ammann, Lolita
name: Gobet, Erika
name: Herzog, Felix
name: Tinner, Willy
name: Entling, Martin H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 50102 Ecosystem Function
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Palynology
subject: 50104 Landscape Ecology
subject: 50202 Conservation and Biodiversity
subject: 50205 Environmental Management
subject: Environmental Science

description: Online resource showing supplementary figures and tables as well as used data and R code that support our findings
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1920-04)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741
subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765
subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Allocapnia cunninghami Ross & Ricker 1971
Creators: name: Stark, Bill P.
name: Kondratieff, Boris C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Capniidae
Allocapnia
Allocapnia cunninghami

description: Allocapnia cunninghami Ross & Ricker (Figs. 79-84) Allocapnia cunninghami Ross & Ricker 1971:42. Holotype ♂ (Illinois Natural History Survey), [tributary Little Trammel Creek], Turners [Station], Sumner Co., Tennessee Material examined. Tennessee: Sumner Co., tributary Little Trammel Creek, Sugar Grove, Hwy 174, 22 February 1999, B.C. Kondratieff, R. F. Kirchner, 5♂, 1♀ (CSUC). Sumner Co., Little Trammel Creek, Fairfield Rd, 10 March 2012, B. Stark, 3♂ (BPS). Male epiproct. Apical segment of upper limb ca. 281 μm long, and armed on the apical ca. 188 μm with dense patch of wave-like spikes (Figs. 79-82); apical segment ca. 106 μm wide at base, slightly constricted near midlength, and expanded to a bluntly rounded tip. Basal segment of upper limb ca. 471 μm long and ca. 56 μm wide at midlength; basal segment bears a wide, shallow, longitudinal groove from base to near midlength. Greatest width of lower limb ca. 163 μm; lateral margins of lower limb bearing a sparse row of long setae near apical spoon. Male tergal process. Prominent raised bilobed structure on abdominal tergum 8 and a smaller, slightly raised process on tergum 7 (Figs. 82-84). Process on tergum 8 ca. 142 μm wide, covered with scale-like structures, and bearing a shallow, Vshaped notch (Fig. 83); process on tergum 7 ca. 40 μm wide, without scales or notch (Fig. 84).
description: Published as part of Stark, Bill P. & Kondratieff, Boris C., 2012, Epiproct And Dorsal Process Structure In The Allocapnia Forbesi Frison, A. Pygmaea (Burmeister), And A. Rickeri Frison Species Groups (Plecoptera: Capniidae), And Inclusion Of A. Minima (Newport) In A New Species Group, pp. 45-77 in Illiesia 8 (5) on page 66, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4760725
description: {"references": ["Ross, H. H. & W. E. Ricker. 1971. The classification, evolution, and dispersal of the winter stonefly genus Allocapnia. Illinois Biological Monographs 45: University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Illinois. 166 pp."]}
Scalar-Tensor Gravity and DESI 2024 BAO data
Creators: name: Ferrari, Angelo G.
name: Ballardini, Mario
name: Finelli, Fabio
name: Paoletti, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the implications of the DESI 2024 BAO data on scalar-tensor models of gravity. We consider four representative models: induced gravity (IG, equivalent to Jordan-Brans-Dicke), where we either fix today's value of the effective gravitational constant on cosmological scales to the Newton's constant or allow them to differ, Jordan-Brans-Dicke supplemented with a Galileon term (BDG), and early modified gravity (EMG) with a conformal coupling. In this way it is possible to investigate how different modified gravity models compare with each other when confronted with DESI 2024 BAO data. Compared to previous analyses, for all of these models, the combination of Planck and DESI data favors a larger value of the key parameter of the theory, such as the nonminimal coupling to gravity or the Galileon term, leading also to a larger value of $H_0$, due to the known degeneracy between these parameters. These new results are mainly driven by the first two redshift bins of DESI. In BDG, in which we find the largest value for $H_0$ among the models considered, the combination of Planck and DESI is consistent with CCHP results and reduces the $H_0$ tension with the SH0ES measurement to $1.2σ$ (compared to $4.5σ$ of $Λ$CDM in our Planck + DESI analysis).
description: Main text: 11 pages. 3 Appendices, 12 figures, 4 tables
title: Between “Healthy-Mindedness” and a “Sick Soul” – on Pragmatism and Consequences of Religious Experience in Everyday Practice
Creators: name: Paszenda, Iwona
Publisher: name: Instytut Pedagogiki Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego
Year: 2019

description: In the article the question of religious experience combined with the problem of pragmatic philosophy of William James has been undertaken. The aim of the article is the attempt of (re)cognition of pragmatics and con-sequences of religious experience for the practice of everyday life of postmodern societies. The arguments and final conclusions presented in the text have been formulated on the basis of the chosen features of religious individualities, which characterize those who experience religiously. In the conclusion it has been assessed that religious experiences are pragmatic because of consequences which they exert on the feeling of those who experience religiously. Two types of consequences of believing in a deity have been distinguished – the dysfunctional and the functional. Conclusions have been formulated for religious upbringing and pedagogy of everyday life
Models of modern-sector labor market institutions in developing countries
Creators: name: Svejnar, Jan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Economic development
Labor market--Econometric models
Economics
Commerce

description: The paper argues that policy conclusions derived from existing theories of economic development may be seriously flawed because the theories do not model correctly the modern-sector labor market. The paper first presents evidence that trade unions and governments frequently exert positive influence not only on firms' wages but also on their employment levels. It then presents models that capture this phenomenon and permit one to determine whether the observed levels of employment are insufficient, optimal, or excessive from the private and social standpoints. The paper concludes with a discussion of how the analysis could be implemented in empirical studies and in practical policy work.
Exact uniform approximation and Dirichlet spectrum in dimension at least two
Creators: name: Schleischitz, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11J06, 11J13

description: For $m\geq 2$, we determine the Dirichlet spectrum in $\Rm$ with respect to simultaneous approximation and the maximum norm as the entire interval $[0,1]$. This complements previous work of several authors, especially Akhunzhanov and Moshchevitin, who considered $m=2$ and Euclidean norm. We construct explicit examples of real Liouville vectors realizing any value in the unit interval. In particular, for positive values, they are neither badly approximable nor singular. Thereby we obtain a constructive proof of the main claim in a recent paper by Beresnevich, Guan, Marnat, Ramírez and Velani, who obtained a countable partition of $[0,1]$ into intervals with each having non-empty intersection with the Dirichlet spectrum. Our construction is flexible enough to show that the according set of vectors with prescribed Dirichlet exponent has large packing dimension and rather large Hausdorff dimension as well. We establish a more general result on exact uniform approximation, applicable to a wide class of approximating functions. Our constructive proofs are considerably shorter and less involved than previous work on the topic. By minor twists of our proof, we infer similar, slightly weaker results when restricting to a certain class of classical fractal sets or other norms. In an Appendix we address the situation of a linear form.
description: 33 pages; metrical results added
Productivity effects of worker participation in management, profit-sharing, worker ownership of assets and unionization in U.S. firms
Creators: name: Conte, Michael A.
name: Svejnar, Jan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1988
Subjects: Industrial productivity--Economic aspects
Profit-sharing--Econometric models
Management--Employee participation
Economics
Commerce

description: In this paper we provide our first econometric estimates of the effect of worker participation in decision-making, ownership and profits on productive efficiency. Participation has the potential for exerting several conflicting influences on firm performance simultaneously. As a result both the direction and magnitude of its impact are empirical issues. Previous studies have empirically measured the impact of each of these forms of participation; however, no prior study has controlled for the influence of the other forms. Because of the potential for correlation among these forms of participation, it is possible that omitted variables bias has affected the previous results. Using a new panel data set with simultaneous measures of all four types of participation in U.S. manufacturing establishments, we model participation as disembodied technical change, and estimate production function coefficients for each type while controlling for the others. We use both OLS and instrumental variables in order to guard against potential simultaneity. The IV results indicate that participation in decision-making has a large positive productivity effect while the impacts of unionization and profit-sharing depend upon regression specification. Moderate amounts of indirect worker ownership affect productivity positively, while the estimated effect of direct worker ownership is negative. However, this last result may reflect the industrial concentration of the direct ownership firms in our sample.
Thermodynamic and Energy Efficiency Analysis of Power Generation from Natural Salinity Gradients by Pressure Retarded Osmosis
Creators: name: Yip, Ngai Yin
name: Elimelech, Menachem
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Electric power production
subject: Salinity
subject: Thermodynamic potentials
subject: Osmosis
subject: Environmental engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: Environmental sciences

description: The Gibbs free energy of mixing dissipated when fresh river water flows into the sea can be harnessed for sustainable power generation. Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is one of the methods proposed to generate power from natural salinity gradients. In this study, we carry out a thermodynamic and energy efficiency analysis of PRO work extraction. First, we present a reversible thermodynamic model for PRO and verify that the theoretical maximum extractable work in a reversible PRO process is identical to the Gibbs free energy of mixing. Work extraction in an irreversible constant-pressure PRO process is then examined. We derive an expression for the maximum extractable work in a constant-pressure PRO process and show that it is less than the ideal work (i.e., Gibbs free energy of mixing) due to inefficiencies intrinsic to the process. These inherent inefficiencies are attributed to (i) frictional losses required to overcome hydraulic resistance and drive water permeation and (ii) unutilized energy due to the discontinuation of water permeation when the osmotic pressure difference becomes equal to the applied hydraulic pressure. The highest extractable work in constant-pressure PRO with a seawater draw solution and river water feed solution is 0.75 kWh/m3 while the free energy of mixing is 0.81 kWh/m3—a thermodynamic extraction efficiency of 91.1%. Our analysis further reveals that the operational objective to achieve high power density in a practical PRO process is inconsistent with the goal of maximum energy extraction. This study demonstrates thermodynamic and energetic approaches for PRO and offers insights on actual energy accessible for utilization in PRO power generation through salinity gradients.
Echimys dasythrix
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Echimys
Echimys dasythrix

description: Echimys dasythrix (Hensel, 1872). Abh. Konigl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, p. 49. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul. DISTRIBUTION: S.E. and E. Brazil. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410029005005001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 587, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
The popular classes and royal justice in medieval England: evidence from the Derbyshire eyre of 1330-31
Creators: name: Briggs, Christopher
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2025

description: This article investigates the degree to which England’s royal courts of common law were used by the masses (peasants, craftsmen, wage-earners) to prosecute lawsuits of small value. It argues that this issue is important for understanding the institutional framework that supported England’s developing market economy, and for investigating claims about state formation in this period. Using a case study of one particular provincial session of royal justice - the Derbyshire eyre of 1330-31 – the article presents quantitative evidence on the social status and subject matter of debt and trespass business heard before the king’s justices. It is argued that the Derbyshire evidence shows that there were limits to the social reach of the common law courts. If we wish to grasp the framework of civil justice we must aim at a more comprehensive analysis of medieval England’s multifarious jurisdictions (royal, communal, urban, seigniorial, and ecclesiastical).
Gene expression changes consistent with neuroAIDS and impaired working memory in HIV-1 transgenic rats
Creators: name: Repunte-Canonigo, Vez
name: Lefebvre, Celine
name: George, Olivier
name: Kawamura, Tomoya
name: Morales, Marisela
name: Koob, George
name: Califano, Andrea
name: Masliah, Eliezer
name: Sanna, Pietro
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nervous system--Diseases
subject: HIV (Viruses)
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: A thorough investigation of the neurobiology of HIV-induced neuronal dysfunction and its evolving phenotype in the setting of viral suppression has been limited by the lack of validated small animal models to probe the effects of concomitant low level expression of multiple HIV-1 products in disease-relevant cells in the CNS. Results: We report the results of gene expression profiling of the hippocampus of HIV-1 Tg rats, a rodent model of HIV infection in which multiple HIV-1 proteins are expressed under the control of the viral LTR promoter in disease-relevant cells including microglia and astrocytes. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) algorithm was used for pathway analysis. Gene expression changes observed are consistent with astrogliosis and microgliosis and include evidence of inflammation and cell proliferation. Among the genes with increased expression in HIV-1 Tg rats was the interferon stimulated gene 15 (ISG-15), which was previously shown to be increased in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of HIV patients and to correlate with neuropsychological impairment and neuropathology, and prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) synthase (Ptgds), which has been associated with immune activation and the induction of astrogliosis and microgliosis. GSEA-based pathway analysis highlighted a broad dysregulation of genes involved in neuronal trophism and neurodegenerative disorders. Among the latter are genesets associated with Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, mitochondrial, peroxisome function, and synaptic trophism and plasticity, such as IGF, ErbB and netrin signaling and the PI3K signal transduction pathway, a mediator of neural plasticity and of a vast array of trophic signals. Additionally, gene expression analyses also show altered lipid metabolism and peroxisomes dysfunction. Supporting the functional significance of these gene expression alterations, HIV-1 Tg rats showed working memory impairments in spontaneous alternation behavior in the T-Maze, a paradigm sensitive to prefrontal cortex and hippocampal function. Conclusions: Altogether, differentially regulated genes and pathway analysis identify specific pathways that can be targeted therapeutically to increase trophic support, e.g. IGF, ErbB and netrin signaling, and reduce neuroinflammation, e.g. PGD2 synthesis, which may be beneficial in the treatment of chronic forms of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders in the setting of viral suppression.