cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Relaxing Limits from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis on Heavy Neutral Leptons with Axion-like Particles
Creators: name: Deppisch, Frank F.
name: Gonzalo, Tomás E.
name: Majumdar, Chayan
name: Zhang, Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) are constrained by requirements of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) as their decays significantly impact the formation of the primordial elements. We propose here a model where the primary decay channel for the HNLs is to an axion-like particle (ALP) and a neutrino. Consequently, HNLs can decay earlier and evade the BBN bound for lower masses, provided the ALPs themselves decay considerably later. Further cosmological and astrophysical constraints limit severely the range of validity of the ALP properties. We find that a new parameter region opens up for HNLs with masses between 1 MeV and 1 GeV, and active-sterile neutrino mixing strengths between $10^{-9}$ and $10^{-6}$ that is consistent with constraints and can be probed in future searches. In such a scenario, current bounds as well as sensitivities of future direct HNL searches such as at NA62 and DUNE will be affected.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures, matches published version
Oscillatory Positive Expiratory Pressure in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Creators: name: Svenningsen, Sarah
name: Paulin, Gregory A.
name: Sheikh, Khadija
name: Fumin Guo
name: Aasim Hasany
name: Kirby, Miranda
name: Rezai, Roya Etemad
name: McCormack, David G.
name: Parraga, Grace
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Evidence-based guidance for the use of airway clearance techniques (ACT) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is lacking in-part because well-established measurements of pulmonary function such as the forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) are relatively insensitive to ACT. The objective of this crossover study was to evaluate daily use of an oscillatory positive expiratory pressure (oPEP) device for 21–28 days in COPD patients who were self-identified as sputum-producers or non-sputum-producers. COPD volunteers provided written informed consent to daily oPEP use in a randomized crossover fashion. Participants completed baseline, crossover and study-end pulmonary function tests, St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), Patient Evaluation Questionnaire (PEQ), Six-Minute Walk Test and 3He magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the measurement of ventilation abnormalities using the ventilation defect percent (VDP). Fourteen COPD patients, self-identified as sputum-producers and 13 COPD-non-sputum-producers completed the study. Post-oPEP, the PEQ-ease-bringing-up-sputum was improved for sputum-producers (p = 0.005) and non-sputum-producers (p = 0.04), the magnitude of which was greater for sputum-producers (p = 0.03). There were significant post-oPEP improvements for sputum-producers only for FVC (p = 0.01), 6MWD (p = 0.04), SGRQ total score (p = 0.01) as well as PEQ-patient-global-assessment (p = 0.02). Clinically relevant post-oPEP improvements for PEQ-ease-bringing-up-sputum/PEQ-patient-global-assessment/SGRQ/VDP were observed in 8/7/9/6 of 14 sputum-producers and 2/0/3/3 of 13 non-sputum-producers. The post-oPEP change in 3He MRI VDP was related to the change in PEQ-ease-bringing-up-sputum (r = 0.65, p = 0.0004) and FEV1 (r = –0.50, p = 0.009). In COPD patients with chronic sputum production, PEQ and SGRQ scores, FVC and 6MWD improved post-oPEP. FEV1 and PEQ-ease-bringing-up-sputum improvements were related to improved ventilation providing mechanistic evidence to support oPEP use in COPD. Clinical Trials # NCT02282189 and NCT02282202.
Motivic Mahowald Invariants over General Base Fields
Creators: name: Quigley, J. D.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2021

description: The motivic Mahowald invariant was introduced in [J. D. Quigley. The motivic Mahowald invariant. Algebraic & Geometric Topology, 19(5):2485-2534, 2019] and [J. D. Quigley. Real motivic and $C_2$-equivariant Mahowald invariants. Journal of Topology, 14(2):369-418, 2021] to study periodicity in the $\mathbb{C}$- and $\mathbb{R}$-motivic stable stems. In this paper, we define the motivic Mahowald invariant over any field $F$ of characteristic not two and use it to study periodicity in the $F$-motivic stable stems. In particular, we construct lifts of some of Adams' classical $v_1$-periodic families [J. F. Adams. On the groups $J(X)$. IV. Topology, 5:21-71, 1966.] and identify them as the motivic Mahowald invariants of powers of $2+\rho \eta$.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 26 (2021), p. 561-582
The Keck Lyman Continuum Spectroscopic Survey (KLCS): The Emergent Ionizing Spectrum of Galaxies at $z\sim3$
Creators: name: Steidel, C. C.
name: Bogosavljevic, M.
name: Shapley, A. E.
name: Reddy, N. A.
name: Rudie, G. C.
name: Pettini, M.
name: Trainor, R. F.
name: Strom, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of a deep spectroscopic survey designed to quantify the statistics of the escape of ionizing photons from star-forming galaxies at z~3. We measure the ratio of ionizing to non-ionizing UV flux density _obs, where f900 is the mean flux density evaluated over the range [880,910] A. We quantify the emergent ratio of ionizing to non-ionizing UV flux density by analyzing high-S/N composite spectra formed from sub-samples with common observed properties and numbers sufficient to reduce the statistical uncertainty in the modeled IGM+CGM correction to obtain precise values of _out, including a full-sample average _out=$0.057\pm0.006$. We further show that _out increases monotonically with Ly$α$ rest equivalent width, inducing an inverse correlation with UV luminosity as a by-product. We fit the composite spectra using stellar spectral synthesis together with models of the ISM in which a fraction f_c of the stellar continuum is covered by gas with column density N(HI). We show that the composite spectra simultaneously constrain the intrinsic properties of the stars (L900/L1500)_int along with f_c, N(HI), E(B-V), and $f_{esc,abs}$, the absolute escape fraction of ionizing photons. We find a sample-averaged $f_{esc,abs} =0.09\pm0.01$, and that subsamples fall along a linear relation $\langle f_{esc,abs}\rangle \sim 0.75[W(Lyα)/110 A]$. We use the FUV luminosity function, the distribution function $n[W(Lyα)]$, and the relationship between $W(Lyα)$ and _out to estimate the total ionizing emissivity of $z\sim3$ star-forming galaxies with Muv < -19.5: $ε_{LyC}\sim 6\times10^{24}$ ergs/s/Hz/Mpc$^3$, exceeding the contribution of QSOs by a factor of $\sim 3$, and accounting for $\sim50$% of the total $ε_{LyC}$ at $z\sim3$ estimated using indirect methods.
description: 45 pages, 31 figures, ApJ, in press
Diomedea exulans Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Procellariiformes
Diomedeidae
Diomedea
Diomedea exulans

description: Diomedea exulans [spec. nov.]
D. alis pennatis, pedibus tridactylis.
Albatros. Edw. av. 88. t. 88. Alb. av. 3. p. 76. t. 81. Grew. mus. t. 6. f. 1.
Habitat intra tropicos Pelagi & ad Cap. b. Spei, aethera altissime scandens; victitans e Triglis volitantibus a Coryphaena exagitatis.
Statura Pelecani Aquili, naribus ovatis prominulis, non vero linearibus; cauda rotundata brevi nec forficata. Rostrum in hac quadruplo majus.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 132, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Orbital decay of protostellar binaries in molecular clouds
Creators: name: Gorti, U.
name: Bhatt, H. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of a protostellar binary system is investigated while it is embedded in its parent molecular cloud core and acted upon by gas drag due to dynamical friction. Approximate analytical results are obtained for the energy and angular momentum evolution of the orbit in the limiting cases, where the velocity is much smaller than, and much larger than the velocity dispersion of the gas. The general case is solved numerically. Dissipation causes a decay of the orbit to smaller separations and orbital eccentricity increases with time. As a binary probably spends about a few $10^6$ years embedded in the cloud, significant evolution of the orbit is expected before the dispersal of the cloud. Binary populations have been statistically generated and evolved for comparison with observations of MS and PMS binaries. Dynamical friction changes the initial frequency distribution with period of the binaries, and a maximum is obtained in the distribution as seen observationally. Decay of the orbit due to gas drag causes an evolution of long-period orbits to shorter periods and thus enables the formation of close binaries.
description: 11 pages, figures available on request, e-mail: gorti@iiap.ernet.in, hcbhatt@iiap.ernet.in
Measurement of Quadrupole Deformation using E$2$ and M$1+$E$2$ Transitions in Heavy Isotopes in the Mass Range of $150
Creators: name: MohanMurthy, Prajwal
name: Qin, Lixin
name: Winger, Jeff A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of a permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) in atoms is crucial for understanding the origins of CP-violation. However, accurate interpretation of the EDM in systems involving deformed isotopes requires the characterization of their deformation. While nuclear deformation is indicated in various structure models, there is substantial mutual disagreement between the theoretical models or between theoretical models and experimental values.
 Nuclear E$2$ transitions allow access to quantify quadrupole deformation, but these transitions are often mixed with M$1$ transitions. Both E$2$ and M$1$ transitions are well characterized by Weisskopf estimates, which rely on a single-particle approximation, but deviate due to collective nuclear deformations. Previously, Weisskopf estimates were only available for the mass range $A<150$, and in this work we have extended the Weisskopf estimates of both E$2$ and M$1$ transition lifetimes to the mass range of $150\le A\le 250$.
 We comprehensively studied the deviation of E$2$ and M$1+$E$2$ transition lifetimes from the newly established Weisskopf estimates in $91$ candidate isotopes, by comparing the transition lifetimes of the candidate isotopes to their nearest even-even counterparts, whose E$2$ transition strengths are very well understood. Estimates of collective nuclear quadrupole deformation in $67$ of these isotopes were thus obtained, either from E$2$ or M$1+$E$2$ transition lifetimes. In $32$ cases they were obtained from both types of transitions independently, and are mutually consistent, as well as following the trends established in theory. We thereby identify the isotopes $^{223,225}$Fr, $^{221,223}$Ra, $^{223,225,227}$Ac and $^{229}$Pa, where EDM measurements are foreseen and information on nuclear deformation is needed, for which no measurement of nuclear quadrupole deformation has been made.
description: Proceedings of The 10th International Conference on Quarks and Nuclear Physics, (QNP 2024) Jul 8-12, 2024, Barcelona, Spain. Abs \#ID: 8. 18 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables
Quantum Speed-Up at Zero Temperature via Coherent Catalysis
Creators: name: Durkin, Gabriel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that secondary non-stoquastic drivers may offer speed-ups or catalysis in some models of adiabatic quantum computation accompanying the more typical transverse field driver. Their combined intent is to raze potential barriers to zero during adiabatic evolution from a false vacuum to a true minimum; first order phase transitions are softened into second order transitions. We move beyond mean-field analysis to a fully quantum model of a spin ensemble undergoing adiabatic evolution in which the spins are mapped to a variable mass particle in a continuous one-dimensional potential. We demonstrate the necessary criteria for enhanced mobility or `speed-up' across potential barriers is actually a quantum form of the Rayleigh criterion. Quantum catalysis is exhibited in models where previously thought not possible, when barriers cannot be eliminated. For the $3$-spin model with secondary anti-ferromagnetic driver, catalysed time complexity scales between linear and quadratically with the number of qubits. As a corollary, we identify a useful resonance criterion for quantum phase transition that differs from the classical one, but converges on it, in the thermodynamic limit.
description: Notes associated with a talk given at UC Berkeley, October 2017 (v3 is Phys. Rev. A accepted version)
DEMOECONOMIC DYNAMICS A CLASSICAL ANALYSIS*
Creators: name: Day, Richard
name: Kim, Kyoo-Hong
name: Macunovich, Diane
name: Day, Richard
name: Kim, Kyoo-Hong
name: Macunovich, Diane
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Using a purely theoretical analysis we show how long run demoeconomic behavior depends on household preferences, productivity and the cost of childrearing. In particular a dominant trend in growth can be interspersed with periods of fluctuation as slowly moving changes in productivity, preference and child care costs push nonlinearities past crucial bifurcation points. Moreover, under "robust conditions" nonperiodic, essentially unpredictable demoeconomic behavior can occur, thus suggesting a possible explanation for persistent and substantial errors in population forecasts.
Anomaly Detection for Resonant New Physics with Machine Learning
Creators: name: Collins, Jack H.
name: Howe, Kiel
name: Nachman, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite extensive theoretical motivation for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM) of particle physics, searches at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have found no significant evidence for BSM physics. Therefore, it is essential to broaden the sensitivity of the search program to include unexpected scenarios. We present a new model-agnostic anomaly detection technique that naturally benefits from modern machine learning algorithms. The only requirement on the signal for this new procedure is that it is localized in at least one known direction in phase space. Any other directions of phase space that are uncorrelated with the localized one can be used to search for unexpected features. This new method is applied to the dijet resonance search to show that it can turn a modest 2 sigma excess into a 7 sigma excess for a model with an intermediate BSM particle that is not currently targeted by a dedicated search.
description: Replaced with short PRL version. 7 pages, 2 figures. Revised long version will be submitted separately
Chaperone-like protein DAY plays critical roles in photomorphogenesis
Creators: name: Lee, Ho-Seok
name: Choi, Ilyeong
name: Jeon, Young
name: Ahn, Hee-Kyung
name: Cho, Huikyong
name: Kim, JiWoo
name: Kim, Jae-Hee
name: Lee, Jung-Min
name: Lee, SungHee
name: Bünting, Julian
name: Seo, Dong Hye
name: Lee, Tak
name: Lee, Du-Hwa
name: Lee, Insuk
name: Oh, Man-Ho
name: Kim, Tae-Wuk
name: Belkhadir, Youssef
name: Pai, Hyun-Sook
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/449/2686
/631/449/2653/1359
/13/89
/14/19
/14/35
/14/63
/38/1
/38/39
/38/90
article

description: Abstract: Photomorphogenesis, light-mediated development, is an essential feature of all terrestrial plants. While chloroplast development and brassinosteroid (BR) signaling are known players in photomorphogenesis, proteins that regulate both pathways have yet to be identified. Here we report that DE-ETIOLATION IN THE DARKANDYELLOWING IN THE LIGHT (DAY), a membrane protein containing DnaJ-like domain, plays a dual-role in photomorphogenesis by stabilizing the BR receptor, BRI1, as well as a key enzyme in chlorophyll biosynthesis, POR. DAY localizes to both the endomembrane and chloroplasts via its first transmembrane domain and chloroplast transit peptide, respectively, and interacts with BRI1 and POR in their respective subcellular compartments. Using genetic analysis, we show that DAY acts independently on BR signaling and chlorophyll biogenesis. Collectively, this work uncovers DAY as a factor that simultaneously regulates BR signaling and chloroplast development, revealing a key regulator of photomorphogenesis that acts across cell compartments.
Combining Undersampled Dithered Images
Creators: name: Lauer, Tod R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Undersampled images, such as those produced by the HST WFPC-2, misrepresent fine-scale structure intrinsic to the astronomical sources being imaged. Analyzing such images is difficult on scales close to their resolution limits and may produce erroneous results. A set of ``dithered'' images of an astronomical source generally contains more information about its structure than any single undersampled image, however, and may permit reconstruction of a ``superimage'' with Nyquist sampling. I present a tutorial on a method of image reconstruction that builds a superimage from a complex linear combination of the Fourier transforms of a set of undersampled dithered images. This method works by algebraically eliminating the high order satellites in the periodic transforms of the aliased images. The reconstructed image is an exact representation of the data-set with no loss of resolution at the Nyquist scale. The algorithm is directly derived from the theoretical properties of aliased images and involves no arbitrary parameters, requiring only that the dithers are purely translational and constant in pixel-space over the domain of the object of interest. I show examples of its application to WFC and PC images. I argue for its use when the best recovery of point sources or morphological information at the HST diffraction limit is of interest.
description: 22 pages, 9 EPS figures, submitted to PASP
Alpha-1 chain of human haptoglobin as viability marker of in vitro fertilized human embryos: information beyond morphology
Creators: name: Montskó, Gergely
name: Gödöny, Krisztina
name: Herczeg, Róbert
name: Várnagy, Ákos
name: Bódis, József
name: Kovács, Gábor L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Cardiology

description: Only one third of the in vitro fertilization treatments result in successful delivery following morphological viability assessment worldwide. A paper by Montskó et al. (2015) describes the identification of the alpha-1 chain of human haptoglobin as a potential marker of embryo viability. Using mass spectrometry, the concentration of the haptoglobin alpha-1 chain was determined in spent culture media samples of in vitro fertilized embryos and correlation was found with the outcome of the respective transfer. In the present study we investigated, whether the concentration of haptoglobin alpha-1 chain shows any correlation with morphological scores to clarify whether levels of the alpha-1 chain provide additional information on embryo viability unnoticed by the morphological assessment. In the study, pregnancy and live birth rates were examined in 143 transferred samples of 86 patients, retrospectively. Two sample groups were created. The control group contained embryos classified as ‘good’ or ‘fair’ based on the Istanbul Consensus Criteria System, while the double-assay group contained embryos assessed as ‘good’ or ‘fair’ by the morphological evaluation and as ‘viable’ by the haptoglobin assay. Clinical pregnancy rate was 30.2% in the control group, while 47.6% in the group scored parallel with morphological criteria and proteomic analysis (p Abbreviations: IVF: in vitro fertilization; SEC: spent embryo culture medium; HSA: human serum albumin; Hpt: haptoglobin; HptA1: haptoglobin alpha-1 chain; ICCS: Istanbul Consensus Criteria System; BMI: body mass index; ICSI: intracytoplasmic sperm injection
On the Class of Canonical Systems Corresponding to Matrix String Equations: General-Type and Explicit Fundamental Solutions and Weyl-Titchmarsh Theory
Creators: name: Sakhnovich, Alexander
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2021

description: Using linear similarity of a certain class of Volterra operators to the squared integration, we derive an important representation of the general-type fundamental solutions of the canonical systems corresponding to matrix string equations. Explicit fundamental solutions of such canonical systems are constructed (via the GBDT version of Darboux transformation) as well. Examples and applications to dynamical canonical systems are given. Explicit solutions of the dynamical canonical systems are constructed. Three appendices are dedicated to the Weyl-Titchmarsh theory for canonical systems, to the transformation of a subclass of canonical systems into matrix string equations (and of a smaller subclass of canonical systems into matrix Schr\"odinger equations), and to a linear similarity problem for Volterra operators.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 26 (2021), p. 583-615
Diomedea demersa Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Procellariiformes
Diomedeidae
Diomedea
Diomedea demersa

description: Diomedea demersa [spec. nov.]
D. alis impennibus, pedibus tetradactylis.
Penguin pedibus nigris. Edw. av. 94. t. 94.
Habitat ad Cap. b. Spei.
Statura Pha�thontis demersi, sed rostrum diversissimum.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 132, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
The TBC/RabGAP Armus regulates autophagy via a cross-talk between the small GTPases Rac1 and Rab7
Creators: name: Carroll, Bernadette
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Autophagosomes are specialised, double membrane-bound organelles that participate in the bulk degradation of cytoplasmic proteins and organelles during autophagy. Autophagy is required for the maintenance of general cellular health and survival and is particularly important in stress conditions such as nutrient starvation. As critical participants in membrane trafficking events, Rab GTPases, along with their positive (GEF) and negative (GAP) regulators are indispensable for autophagy. Indeed, a number of RabGAP proteins have been implicated in the control of autophagy and increasingly it appears that their contribution exceeds that of just inactivating Rab GTPases. Armus is a TBC/RabGAP protein that specifically inactivates Rab7 and can also bind active Rac, a member of the Rho family of small GTPases. By mediating cross-talk between these two small GTPases, Armus participates in the regulation of E-cadherin degradation during cell scattering. I have identified that during nutrient starvation, Armus is required for efficient autophagy to occur in normal human keratinocytes. Furthermore, the activities of Rab7 and Rac are inversely correlated during starvation; Rab7 is transiently activated while Rac is potently inactivated. This inactivation is required but not sufficient to induce autophagosome formation and occurs independently of signaling via mTORC1. Rather, we hypothesise that Rac is out-competed for binding to Armus by the autophagosome-specific protein, LC3. Armus is able to directly interact with LC3 via two complementary, LC3-interacting region (LIR) motifs. This interaction is required for the recruitment of Armus to autophagosomes and away from cell-cell contacts, which remain unperturbed during nutrient starvation. The subsequent localisation of Armus at autophagosome membranes provides it with the appropriate spatial distribution to facilitate autophagosome maturation in a RabGAP-dependent manner. We have observed that autophagy occurs at disparate levels in epithelial tumour cell lines. Further understanding of the specific signaling and trafficking events that regulate autophagy will have important future implications in health and disease.
Plasma Effects on Lasing of Uniform Ultralight Axion Condensate
Creators: name: Sen, Srimoyee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lasing of ultralight axion condensate into photons can be sensitive to the presence of a background plasma owing to its coupling to electromagnetism. Such a scenario is particularly relevant for superradiant axion condensate around stellar mass black holes since the axion mass can be within a few orders of magnitude of the plasma frequency of the surrounding medium. In this paper I discuss the properties of the plasma around a black hole and analyze its effects on the lasing of a uniform axion condensate of mass of the order of the plasma frequency.
description: New references added
Optical and plasmonic properties of high electron density epitaxial and oxidative controlled titanium nitride thin films
Creators: name: Chris-Okoro, Ikenna
name: Cherono, Sheilah
name: Akande, Wisdom
name: Nalawade, Swapnil
name: Liu, Mengxin
name: Martin, Catalin
name: Craciun, Valentin
name: Kim, R. Soyoung
name: Mahl, Johannes
name: Cuk, Tanja
name: Yano, Junko
name: Crumlin, Ethan
name: Schall, J. David
name: Aravamudhan, Shyam
name: Mihai, Maria Diana
name: Zheng, Jiongzhi
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Hautier, Geoffroy
name: Kumar, Dhananjay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work reports a pulsed laser-assisted synthesis, detailed structural characterization, and study of plasmonic properties of three sets of TiN/TiNO thin films with high electron density. The first two sets of TiN films were grown at 600C and 700C under a high vacuum condition. The third set of TiN film was grown in the presence of 5 mTorr of molecular oxygen at 700C. The results have shown that TiN films deposited in a high vacuum are metallic, have large optical reflectance, and have high optical and electrical conductivity. The TiN films, grown in 5 mTorr O2, were partially oxidized and semiconducting with room temperature resistivity nearly three times larger than those of the TiN films grown under high vacuum conditions. The optical conductivity of these films was analyzed using a Kramers-Kronig transformation of reflectance and a Lorentz-Drude model; the optical conductivity determined by these two different methods agreed very well. To corroborate our experimental spectral observations, we have calculated the phonon dispersions and Raman active modes of TiNO using the virtual crystal approximation. A comparative analysis of the phonon dispersions between rutile TiO2 and rocksalt TiNO has shown that the incorporation of nitrogen atoms does not significantly alter the phonon dispersions of rutile TiO2. However, it results in the emergence of new phonon modes at approximately 7.128 THz at the Gamma point, which corresponds to the experimentally observed Multi-Photon Phase-MPP. From the collateral study of experimental results and theoretical corroboration, a suitable multi-layer optical model was proposed for the TiN/TINO epitaxial thin films to extract the individual complex dielectric function from which many other optical parameters can be calculated.
Cloning Hubble Deep Fields I: A Model-Independent Measurement of Galaxy Evolution
Creators: name: Bouwens, Rychard J.
name: Broadhurst, Tom
name: Silk, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model-independent method of quantifying galaxy evolution in high-resolution images, which we apply to the Hubble Deep Field (HDF). Our procedure is to k-correct all pixels belonging to the images of a complete set of bright galaxies and then to replicate each galaxy image to higher redshift by the product of its space density, 1/V_{max}, and the cosmological volume. The set of bright galaxies is itself selected from the HDF, because presently the HDF provides the highest quality UV images of a redshift-complete sample of galaxies (31 galaxies with I<21.9, \bar{z}=0.5, and for which V/V_{max} is spread fairly). These galaxies are bright enough to permit accurate pixel-by-pixel k-corrections into the restframe UV (\sim 2000 A). We match the shot noise, spatial sampling and PSF smoothing of the HDF data, resulting in entirely empirical and parameter-free ``no-evolution'' deep fields of galaxies for direct comparison with the HDF. In addition, the overcounting rate and the level of incompleteness can be accurately quantified by this procedure. We obtain the following results. Faint HDF galaxies (I>24) are much smaller, more numerous, and less regular than our ``no-evolution'' extrapolation, for any interesting geometry. A higher proportion of HDF galaxies ``dropout'' in both U and B, indicating that some galaxies were brighter at higher redshifts than our ``cloned'' z\sim0.5 population.
description: 51 pages, 23 figures, replacement includes figures not previously included
Morel Homotopy Modules and Milnor-Witt Cycle Modules
Creators: name: Feld, Niels
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2021

description: We study the cohomology theory and the canonical Milnor-Witt cycle module associated to a motivic spectrum. We prove that the heart of Morel-Voevodsky stable homotopy category over a perfect field (equipped with its homotopy t-structure) is equivalent to the category of Milnor-Witt cycle modules, thus generalising Déglise's thesis. As a corollary, we recover a theorem of Ananyevskiy and Neshitov, and we prove that the Milnor-Witt K-theory groups are birational invariants.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 26 (2021), p. 617-659
Preferential description logics: reasoning in the presence of inconsistencies
Creators: name: Deane, Graham
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: The Web Ontology Languages define a rich machine readable language for knowledge representation on the world wide web. The current generation are based on Description Logics, a family of decidable logics that offer low complexity of reasoning. Due to the principle of explosion, from a contradiction anything follows, inconsistencies prevent meaningful inference from classical reasoners. However, locating and repairing inconsistencies can be resource intensive.This thesis presents an inconsistency tolerant semantics for the Description Logic ALC called Preferential ALC (p-ALC). A p-ALC knowledge base is comprised of defeasible and non-defeasible axioms. The defeasible ABox and TBox are labelled with weights that reflect a relative measure of confidence in each axiom and provide a mechanism to "arbitrate" between inconsistencies. Entailment is defined through the notion of preferred interpretations which minimise the total weight of the unsatisfied axioms. We introduce a tableau algorithm for p-ALC in which the open branches correspond to preferred interpretations. We prove that the algorithm is sound, complete and terminates for any input knowledge base and show how it can be used to compute p-ALC entailment by refutation. The proposed p-ALC differs from existing semantics that obtain inferences from inconsistent knowledge bases designed for classical reasoners. For instance: the para-consistent and the repair semantics, lack a mechanism for "arbitration" of inconsistency; and the mechanism included in possibilistic logic results in a logic with a weak consequence relation. We present an implementation of the algorithm using answer set programming (ASP) that is solved incrementally and exploits the optimisation of answer sets to identify preferred interpretations of p-ALC. The well defined semantics of ASP enabled us to prove that the implementation is correct. The implementation is also verified empirically and the performance is evaluated against a set of synthetically generated inconsistent knowledge bases in which inconsistency is introduced.
On the reverse Faber-Krahn inequalities
Creators: name: Anoop, T. V.
name: Kumar, K. Ashok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35P30, 35M12, 35J92, 35J25, 35P15

description: Payne-Weinberger showed that \textit{`among the class of membranes with given area $A$, free along the interior boundaries and fixed along the outer boundary of given length $L_0$, the annulus $Ω^\#$ has the highest fundamental frequency,'} where $Ω^\#$ is a concentric annulus with the same area as $Ω$ and the same outer boundary length as $L_0$. We extend this result for the higher dimensional domains and $p$-Laplacian with $p\in (1,\infty),$ under the additional assumption that the outer boundary is a sphere. As an application, we prove that the nodal set of the second eigenfunctions of $p$-Laplacian (with mixed boundary conditions) on a ball and a concentric annulus cannot be a concentric sphere.
Cloning Hubble Deep Fields II: Models for Evolution by Bright Galaxy Image Transformation
Creators: name: Bouwens, Rychard J.
name: Broadhurst, Tom
name: Silk, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a companion paper we outlined a methodology for generating parameter-free, model-independent ``no-evolution'' fields of faint galaxy images, demonstrating the need for significant evolution in the HDF at faint magnitudes. Here we incorporate evolution into our procedure, by transforming the input bright galaxy images with redshift, for comparison with the HDF at faint magnitudes. Pure luminosity evolution is explored assuming that galaxy surface brightness evolves uniformly, at a rate chosen to reproduce the I-band counts. This form of evolution exacerbates the size discrepancy identified by our no-evolution simulations, by increasing the area of a galaxy visible to a fixed isophote. Reasonable dwarf-augmented models are unable to generate the count excess invoking moderate rates of stellar evolution. A plausible fit to the counts and sizes is provided by `mass-conserving' density-evolution, consistent with small-scale hierarchical growth, where the product of disk area and space density is conserved with redshift. Here the increased surface brightness generated by stellar evolution is accomodated by the reduced average galaxy size, for a wide range of geometries. These models are useful for assessing the limitations of the HDF images, by calculating their rates of incompleteness and the degree of over-counting. Finally we demonstrate the potential for improvement in quantifying evolution at fainter magnitudes using the HST Advanced Camera, with its superior UV and optical performance.
description: 18 pages, download complete copy of manuscript with figures at ftp://arkham.berkeley.edu/pub/bouwens/hdf2.pdf
title: ADCO, Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503) (11 H 1173), f. 00008
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: comptes
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1173). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1173), f. 00008, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Characterisation of hCG responses and LH/CGR action in the human endometrium
Creators: name: West, Camilla
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) undergo cyclic differentiation, termed decidualisation, into highly specialised cells, which prepares them to respond appropriately to embryonic signals and this is critical to facilitate successful implantation. Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) is secreted by the embryo and is known classically to maintain progesterone production from the corpus luteum during early pregnancy yet emerging evidence reports that it signals in a paracrine manner at the embryo-endometrial interface. Its cognate receptor, the LH/CGR, is a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) that is expressed in the endometrium but the role of hCG and its underlying signalling mechanisms here are largely unknown. I show that in HESCs hCG acts via a non-classical Gαi pathway and that signalling via this pathway can negatively regulate important decidua-specific genes. Furthermore, the LH/CGR undergoes ‘reprogramming’ during decidualisation, which changes both its trafficking and MAPK signalling profiles, where only a subset of pathways are activated by hCG upon decidualisation. I further show that the majority of the LH/CGR localises to an endocytic compartment which is distinct from the early endosome, termed the very early endosome (VEE) and that this is dependent on the C-terminal tail of the receptor. Moreover, cellular depletion of an essential VEE component, GIPC, can cause hCG-induced modulation of downstream decidual genes to be reversed. Importantly, in HESCs from recurrent miscarriage (RM) patients, hCG-induced signalling opposes that of signalling in control patients and in addition, LH/CGR trafficking and recycling may be disordered. Together, these findings provide novel insights of the mode of action of hCG and the LH/CGR in the endometrium and highlight how perturbation of their signalling and trafficking profiles may contribute to pregnancy loss.
Search for Higgs decay to dark matter and trigger studies
Creators: name: Arnauth Pela, Joao Pela
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) is a general-purpose particle detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The goal of this experiment is to search for the Higgs boson and evidence of new physics and to test the prediction of the Standard Model (SM) at the TeV scale. This thesis describes the analysis of proton-proton collision data recorded by CMS during 2012 and support work for data taking during the same period. A search for the Vector Boson Fusion (VBF) produced Higgs boson invisible decays, using 19.5 fb^-1 of data recorded with prompt reconstruction triggers at a center of mass energy of 8 TeV, is presented. Events are selected with two forward jets and large Missing Transverse Momentum. Assuming the SM VBF production cross section and acceptance, the observed (expected) upper limit at the 95% confidence level on the BR(H->inv), is determined to be of 65% (49%) for mH=125 GeV. A second search for the VBF Higgs boson invisible decays, using 19.2 fb^-1 of data recorded with delayed reconstruction (parked) triggers at a center of mass energy of 8 TeV, is also presented. A new event selection was developed taking advantage of the lower trigger requirements. Assuming the SM VBF Higgs production cross section and acceptance, the observed (expected) upper limit at the 95% confidence level on the BR(H->inv), is determined to be 57% (40%) for mH=125 GeV. Monitoring for the CMS Level 1 Trigger system has been developed and used during the 2012 and subsequent LHC data acquisition periods. Contributing to the high reliability of this system during data taking and providing crucial information for validation of the data quality.
Non-intrusive reduced order models and their applications
Creators: name: Xiao, Dunhui
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Reduced order models (ROMs) have become prevalent in many fields of physics as they offer the potential to simulate dynamical systems with substantially increased computation efficiency in comparison to standard techniques. Among the model reduction techniques, the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method has proven to be an efficient means of deriving a reduced basis for high-dimensional flow systems. The intrusive ROM (IROM) is normally derived by the POD and Galerkin projection methods. The IROM is appealing for non-linear and linear model reductions and has been successfully applied to numerous research fields. However, IROMs suffer from instability and non-linearity efficiency issues. In addition, they can be complex to code because they are intrusive. In most cases the source code describing the physical system has to be modified in order to generate the reduced order model. These modifications can be complex, especially in legacy codes, or may not be possible if the source code is not available (e.g. in some commercial software). To circumvent these shortcomings, non-intrusive approaches have been introduced into ROMs. The Non-Intrusive ROM (NIROM) is independent of the original physical system. The key contribution of this thesis are: Firstly, three novel NIROMs have been presented in this thesis: POD/Taylor series, POD-Smolyak and POD-RBF (radial basis function). Secondly, two NIROMs with varying material properties have been presented. Thirdly, these newly developed NIROMs were implemented and tested under the framework of an unstructured mesh finite element model (FLUIDITY) and a combined finite-discrete element method based solid model (Y2D). Fourthly, these NIROMs have been used to construct ROMs for multi-scale 3-D free surface flows, multi-phase porous media flows, fluid-structure interaction and blasting problems.
Breaking the sound barrier in recombination fronts
Creators: name: Williams, R. J. R.
name: Dyson, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exploit a generic instability in the integration of steady, sonic, near-isothermal flows to find the complete transition diagram for recombination fronts (for a model system of equations). The instability requires the integration of the flow equations for speeds between the isothermal and adiabatic sound speeds to be performed with particular care. As a result of this, the previous work of Newman & Axford on the structure of recombination fronts neglected an important class of solution, that of transonic fronts; our method is readily extensible to a more complete treatment of the ionization structure. Future papers will apply these results in models of the structure of ultracompact HII regions.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. LaTeX, 7 pages, 6 Postscript figures. Also available at http://axp2.ast.man.ac.uk:8000/Preprints.html
Interfacial properties of reservoir fluids and carbon dioxide with impurities
Creators: name: Chow, Yu Tsing Florence
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Interfacial tension measurements of the binary systems (N2 + H2O), (Ar + H2O), and (H2 + H2O), and ternary systems (CO2 + N2 + H2O), (CO2 + Ar + H2O) and (CO2 + H2 + H2O), are reported at pressures of (0.5 to 50.0) MPa, and temperatures of (298.15 to 473.15) K. The design of a custom-built Interfacial Properties Rig was detailed. The pendant drop method was used. The expanded uncertainties at 95 % confidence are 0.05 K for temperature; 0.07 MPa for pressure; 0.019•γ for interfacial tension in the (N2 + H2O) system; 0.016•γ for interfacial tension in the (Ar + H2O) system; 0.017•γ for interfacial tension in the (H2 + H2O) system; 0.032•γ for interfacial tension in the (CO2 + N2 + H2O) system; 0.018•γ for interfacial tension in the (CO2 + Ar + H2O) system; and 0.017•γ for interfacial tension in the (CO2 + H2 + H2O) system. The interfacial tensions of all systems were found to decrease with increasing pressure. The use of SGT + SAFT-VR Mie to model interfacial tensions of the binary and ternary systems was reported, for systems involving CO2, N2 and Ar. The binary systems (N2 + H2O) and (Ar + H2O), and ternary systems (CO2 + N2 + H2O) and (CO2 + Ar + H2O), were modelled with average absolute relative deviations of 1.5 %, 1.8 %, 3.6 % and 7.9 % respectively. For the (CO2 + Ar + H2O) system, the agreement is satisfactory at the higher temperatures, but differs significantly at the lower temperatures. Contact angles of (CO2 + brine) and (CO2 + N2 + brine) systems on calcite surfaces have also been measured, at 333 K and 7 pressures, from (2 to 50) MPa, for a 1 mol•kg-1 NaHCO3 brine solution, using the static method on captive bubbles.
Collapse of a Molecular Cloud Core to Stellar Densities: The First Three-Dimensional Calculations
Creators: name: Bate, Matthew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from the first three-dimensional calculations ever to follow the collapse of a molecular cloud core (~ 10^{-18} g cm^{-3}) to stellar densities (> 0.01 g cm^{-3}). The calculations resolve structures over 7 orders of magnitude in spatial extent (~ 5000 AU - 0.1 R_\odot), and over 17 orders of magnitude in density contrast. With these calculations, we consider whether fragmentation to form a close binary stellar system can occur during the second collapse phase. We find that, if the quasistatic core that forms before the second collapse phase is dynamically unstable to the growth of non-axisymmetric perturbations, the angular momentum extracted from the central regions of the core, via gravitational torques, is sufficient to prevent fragmentation and the formation of a close binary during the subsequent second collapse.
description: ApJ Letters, in press (will appear in Nov 20 issue; available from the ApJ Rapid Release web page). 7 pages, incl. 5 figures. Also available at http://www.mpia-hd.mpg.de/theory/bate