cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
X-ray diffraction and statistical analysis from Ontogenetic variability in crystallography and mosaicity of conodont apatite: implications for microstructure, palaeothermometry and geochemistry
Creators: name: Shohel, Mohammad
name: Neo E. B. McAdams
name: Cramer, Bradley D.
name: Forbes, Tori Z.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: 30399 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: X-ray experiment, Unit Cell parameters and statistical analysis
title: Learning Object Interactions via Efficient and Controllable Generative Models
Creators: name: Davtyan, Aram
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 000 Computer science, knowledge & systems
subject: 510 Mathematics
subject: 620 Engineering

description: Imagine a world where artificial agents can learn to understand and manipulate their environment simply by observing, much like a child exploring their surroundings. This thesis embarks on a journey towards this vision by addressing two fundamental challenges in machine learning: 1) developing efficient learning algorithms and 2) bulding controllable generative models that learn autonomously from visual data.
We first introduce novel optimization techniques to improve the efficiency of neural network training and inference. KOALA, a Kalman filtering-inspired approach, enhances neural network optimization across various tasks. LOOM-CFM extends Conditional Flow Matching to improve the trade-off between sampling speed and quality in generative models. These innovations culminate in RIVER, a video prediction model that balances computational efficiency with high-quality and high-resolution output.
Building upon this, we explore controllable video generation as a key component in developing agents that can simulate and understand dynamic, interactive scenarios. Our approach, inspired by human cognition, suggests learning directly from real-world data without manual annotations, offering a more scalable and flexible solution than traditional simulation methods. We present a series of models for unsupervised, controllable video generation. GLASS introduces combined global and local action spaces for fine-grained control over object dynamics. MIRAGE enables unsupervised novel view synthesis that enhances our ability to manipulate object poses. YODA generates video sequences from sparse motion input, while CAGE represents our most advanced model, integrating composition and animation for flexible video generation.
These models, trained through passive observation of unannotated video datasets, demonstrate the ability to predict future outcomes based on specific control inputs, generalize to unseen situations, and generate realistic, context-aware video sequences. By learning to simulate potential futures, they exhibit a form of visual reasoning that is crucial for intelligent agents.
Our work opens new avenues for unsupervised learning of complex dynamics. This thesis sets a groundwork for future research in developing foundation models for object dynamics and creating artificial agents that can interpret and interact with the visual world in increasingly sophisticated ways.
Additional file 1 of Understanding the determinants of postnatal care uptake for babies: A mixed effects multilevel modelling of 2016–18 Papua New Guinea Demographic and Health Survey
Creators: name: Appiah, Francis
name: Fenteng, Justice Ofosu Darko
name: Dare, Felix
name: Salihu, Tarif
name: Darteh, Andrews Ohene
name: Takyi, Matthew
name: Ayerakwah, Patience Ansomah
name: Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Multicollinearity testing.
Valuing a Clean River: A case study of Musi River, Hyderabad, India
Creators: name: Gayathri Devi, Mekala
name: Samad, Madar
name: Davidson, Brian
name: Boland, Anne-Maree
name: Gayathri Devi, Mekala
name: Samad, Madar
name: Davidson, Brian
name: Boland, Anne-Maree
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Contingent Valuation
subject: Wastewater Treatment
subject: Musi
subject: Hyderabad
subject: Willingness to Pay

description: The current study uses contingent valuation technique to estimate the value of clean water in river Musi in Hyderabad, India. The main source of pollution of the river is untreated domestic and industrial wastewater from the urban area of Hyderabad. Therefore, people’s Willingness To Pay [WTP] for the treatment of their wastewater to different quality levels (Level C, B & A) is estimated using a payment card method. Four variables were considered to influence the willingness to pay - number of years the household lived in Hyderabad; individual perceived importance of controlling water pollution; household income levels and proximity to the river. The results of the logistic regression confirmed that the variables - perceived importance of the respondent of controlling water pollution and household incomes have a significant influence on people’s WTP. Only 30% of the respondents were willing to pay for wastewater to be treated to level C. It was concluded from the survey results that 100% cost recovery of sewerage services and wastewater treatment would not be possible in Hyderabad in the current situation. However, a phased increase in the water tariffs accompanied with simultaneous improvements in service delivery mechanisms and awareness among consumers may be successful in the long-run.
Expression of chick semaphorin 5B during neuronal development
Creators: name: Legg, Arthur Terrence
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: During development, the formation of a functional nervous system requires precise pathfinding of axons to their targets. Growth cones at the leading edge of these axons use the information supplied by a variety of cues in the environment to navigate their course. The semaphorins, comprising a large family of neuronal guidance cues, were first identified in the grasshopper limb bud and were shown to be important for proper Ti1 axon pathfinding. Most of the studies from invertebrates and vertebrates have demonstrated an inhibitory role but more recent studies have shown them to have a bi-functional nature, also acting as attractive cues. The transmembrane semaphorin, chick semaphorin 5B (cSEMA5B), is unique from other semaphorin in that it contains both an inhibitory SEMA domain and a region of thrombospondin type-1-like repeats that have been associated with neuronal outgrowth. To determine whether this semaphorin plays a role in axon guidance in the developing chick nervous system, its expression was analyzed using a variety of techniques including in situ hybridization, RT-PCR, and immmunocytochemistry. Expression of cSEMA5B is first clearly identified at E5 in the spinal cord, DRGs, retina, and in a variety of neuroepithelia associated with the tectum, ventricular regions, and the olfactory system. Expression within the spinal cord is dynamic being first broadly expressed in both dorsal and ventral regions at E5 with the ventral expression persisting through E11. At this later stage the expression is associated with large-diameter cells in the lateral motor column. Expression within the retina occurs along the retinal ganglion cell layer and is relatively uniform in distribution and is maintained from E5 through E10, while the expression in the tectum appears to occur in a gradient with highest levels in the anterior region. Results from these studies, along with some important in vitro studies performed by others in our lab, have suggested that cSEMA5B is important for the neuronal pathfinding within the spinal cord, retina, and developing tectum.
An Extreme Ultraviolet Wave Associated with A Solar Filament Activation
Creators: name: Zheng, Ruisheng
name: Chen, Yao
name: Wang, Bing
name: Song, Hongqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) waves are impressive coronal propagating disturbances. They are closely associated with various eruptions, and can used for the global coronal seismology and the acceleration of solar energetic particles. Hence, the study of EUV waves plays an important role in solar eruptions and Space Weather. Here we present an EUV wave associated with a filament activation that did not evolve into any eruption. Due to the continuous magnetic flux emergence and cancellation around its one end, the filament rose with untwisting motion, and the filament mass flowed towards another end along the rising fields. Intriguingly, following the filament activation, an EUV wave formed with a fast constant speed ($\sim$500 km s$^{-1}$) ahead of the mass flow, and the overlying coronal loops expanded both in lateral and radial directions. Excluding the possibility of a remote flare and an absent coronal mass ejection, we suggest that the EUV wave was only closely associated with the filament activation. Furthermore, their intimate spacial and temporal relationship indicates that the EUV wave was likely directly triggered by the lateral expansion of overlying loops. We propose that the EUV wave can be interpreted as linear fast-mode wave, and the most vital key for the successful generation of the EUV wave is the impulsive early-phase lateral expansion of overlying loops that was driven by the activated filament mass flow without any eruption.
Internet of Things Challenges and Opportunities
Creators: name: Deekshaa Kanna
name: Sharma, Ankit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: Computer Software
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80303 Computer System Security

description: Technology is evolving rapidly, and cheaper and smaller devices that vary in size, computational power using cloud technologies or operating mode become available. These devices are always connected to form a network in order to enhance communication and data transmission. Such devices are largely referred to as smart devices e.g., smart homes, smart cities, smart cars, etc. that are connected to a complex infrastructure known as the Internet of things. Internet of Things generates a huge amount of data that poses significant challenges for processing and analysis. This research paper outlines various challenges and opportunities that are in the field of the Internet of Things.
Generalized Mittag-Leffler functions in the theory of finite-size scaling for systems with strong anisotropy and/or long-range interaction
Creators: name: Chamati, H.
name: Tonchev, N. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The difficulties arising in the investigation of finite-size scaling in $d$--dimensional O(n) systems with strong anisotropy and/or long-range interaction, decaying with the interparticle distance $r$ as $r^{-d-σ}$ ($0
description: Accepted for publication in J. Phys. A: Math. and Gen.; 14 pages. The manuscript has been improved to help readers
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF LABOR OUT MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES ON INCOME AND RICE PRODUCTIVITY IN THE PHILIPPINES, THAILAND AND VIETNAM
Creators: name: Paris, Thelma R.
name: Rola-Rubzen, Maria Fay
name: Luis, Joyce
name: Thi Ngoc Chi, Truong
name: Wongsanum, Chaicharn
name: Villanueva, Donald
name: Paris, Thelma R.
name: Rola-Rubzen, Maria Fay
name: Luis, Joyce
name: Thi Ngoc Chi, Truong
name: Wongsanum, Chaicharn
name: Villanueva, Donald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: migration
subject: remittances
subject: income
subject: rice
subject: farming systems

description: Out migration from rural areas is increasingly becoming a strategy to get out of poverty. While rice–based agriculture remains to be the backbone in Southeast Asia, majority of the farming households particularly those who produce rice under rainfed conditions remain poor and insecure. This paper examines the relationship between migration and other socio-economic factors on household income using data from 1,874 rice sample farming households in Vietnam (north and south), Thailand (northeast) and Philippines (Luzon island). In the Philippines, remittances contribute about 60 per cent of household income of recipient families. In Thailand and Vietnam, of the total household income, about 40 per cent are from remittances. International migration is most prevalent in the Philippines while rural to urban migration is more prevalent in Thailand and Vietnam due to rapid urbanization and industrialization as well as improved transport and communication networks. Migration has a positive and significant relationship on household income. Remittances both from internal and international migration are predominantly used to meet daily expenses including food, farm (inputs and payment of hired laborers) and children’s education. Given the stability and reliability of the flow or remittances, they play a significant role in consumption smoothing for the poor. Remittances partake the nature of insurance for use at times of need and ease credit constraints for investments in agriculture. Those who are left behind, the elderly and the women, manage to maintain rice yields at par with those households without migrants.
Boson-boson effective nonrelativistic potential for higher-derivative electromagnetic theories in D dimensions
Creators: name: Accioly, Antonio
name: Dias, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of computing the effective nonrelativistic potential $U_{D}$ for the interaction of charged scalar bosons within the context of D-dimensional electromagnetism with a cutoff, is reduced to quadratures. It is shown that $U_3$ cannot bind a pair of identical charged scalar bosons; nevertheless, numerical calculations indicate that boson-boson bound states do exist in the framework of three-dimensional higher-derivative electromagnetism augmented by a topological Chern-Simons term.
description: 6 pages
Autonomous and Semi-Autonomous Intersection Management: A Survey
Creators: name: Zhong, Zijia
name: Nejad, Mark
name: Lee, Earl E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Intersection is a major source of traffic delays and accidents within modern transportation systems. Compared to signalized intersection management, autonomous intersection management (AIM) coordinates the intersection crossing at an individual vehicle level with additional flexibility. AIM can potentially eliminate stopping in intersection crossing due to traffic lights while maintaining a safe separation among conflicting movements. In this paper, the state-of-the-art AIM research among various disciplines (e.g., traffic engineering, control engineering) is surveyed from the perspective of three hierarchical layers: corridor coordination layer, intersection management layer, and vehicle control layer. The key aspects of AIM designs are discussed in details, including conflict detection schemes, priority rules, control centralization, computation complexity, etc. The potential improvements for AIM evaluation with the emphasis of realistic scenarios are provided. This survey serves as a comprehensive review of AIM design and provides promising directions for future research.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
On "gauge renormalization" in classical electrodynamics
Creators: name: Kholmetskii, Alexander L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we pay attention to the inconsistency in the derivation of the symmetric electromagnetic energy-momentum tensor for a system of charged particles from its canonical form, when the homogeneous Maxwell equations are applied to the symmetrizing gauge transformation, while the non-homogeneous Maxwell equations are used to obtain the motional equation. Applying the appropriate non-homogeneous Maxwell equation to both operations, we have revealed an additional symmetric term in the tensor, named as "compensating term". Analyzing the structure of this "compensating term", we suggested a method of "gauge renormalization, which allows transforming the divergent terms of classical electrodynamics (infinite self-force, self-energy and self-momentum) to converging integrals. The motional equation obtained for a non-radiating charged particle does not contain its self-force, and the mass parameter includes the sum of mechanical and electromagnetic masses. The motional equation for a radiating particle also contains the sum of mechanical and electromagnetic masses, and does not yield any "runaway solutions". It has been shown that the energy flux in a free electromagnetic field is guided by the Poynting vector, whereas the energy flux in a bound EM field is described by the generalized Umov vector, defined in the paper. The problem of "Poincare stresses" is also examined. It has been shown that the presence of the "compensating term" in the electromagnetic energy-momentum tensor allows a solution of the "4/3 problem", where the total observable mass of the electron is completely determined by the Poincare stresses and hence the conventional relativistic relationship between the energy and momentum is recovered.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure
The value of refugia in managing anthelmintic resistance: a modelling approach
Creators: name: Pech, Caris L.
name: Doole, Graeme J.
name: Pluske, Johanna M.
name: Pech, Caris L.
name: Doole, Graeme J.
name: Pluske, Johanna M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Anthelmintic resistance
subject: bioeconomic model
subject: gastrointestinal parasites
subject: refugia
subject: sheep
subject: Teladorsagia circumcincta.

description: The increasing prevalence of anthelmintic (drench) resistance in gastrointestinal parasite populations is decreasing the profitability of the sheep industry in Western Australia (WA). A strategy, referred to as refugia management, has the potential to delay the development of resistant parasites by not exposing a proportion of the worm population to chemical control. A dynamic bioeconomic model is used to assess the economic value of refugia for management of the worm species Teladorsagia circumcincta and Macrocyclic Lactone drenches in Western Australian sheep flocks. A low rate of refugia (2 per cent) is most profitable under standard circumstances because it slows the development of resistance, but also reduces the cost accruing to production losses that arise from maintaining a proportion of the worm population in refugia. The optimal drenching strategy is to drench heavily early in the time horizon to minimise worm populations in subsequent years. This study highlights the optimality of minimising production losses by maintaining high levels of consistent control.
Additional file 1 of Tocilizumab improves 28-day survival in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19: an open label, prospective study
Creators: name: Karampitsakos, Theodoros
name: Malakounidou, Elli
name: Papaioannou, Ourania
name: Dimakopoulou, Vasilina
name: Zarkadi, Eirini
name: Katsaras, Matthaios
name: Tsiri, Panagiota
name: Tsirikos, Georgios
name: Georgiopoulou, Vasiliki
name: Oikonomou, Ioanna
name: Davoulos, Christos
name: Velissaris, Dimitrios
name: Sampsonas, Fotios
name: Marangos, Markos
name: Akinosoglou, Karolina
name: Tzouvelekis, Argyris
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. ΔWHO scale at day 10 was significantly lower in the tocilizumab group compared to the usual care group (− 0.5±2.1 vs 0.6±2.6, p=0.005), (A). ΔPaO2/FiO2 at day 5 was significantly higher in the tocilizumab group compared to the usual care group [42.0 (23.0–84.7) vs 15.8 (− 19.4–50.3), p=0.03], (B). Figure S2. Kaplan-Meier analysis in the overall population irrespective of treatment arm demonstrated higher all-cause mortality in patients with high (≥35) vs. low ΔPaO2/FiO2 at day 5 (< 5) [HR 3.70 (95% CI: 1.24–11.00), (p=0.03)].
Phase Transition in a One-Dimensional Extended Peierls-Hubbard Model with a Pulse of Oscillating Electric Field: III. Interference Caused by a Double Pulse
Creators: name: Yonemitsu, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to study consequences of the differences between the ionic-to-neutral and neutral-to-ionic transitions in the one-dimensional extended Peierls-Hubbard model with alternating potentials for the TTF-CA complex, we introduce a double pulse of oscillating electric field in the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and vary the interval between the two pulses as well as their strengths. When the dimerized ionic phase is photoexcited, the interference effect is clearly observed owing to the coherence of charge density and lattice displacements. Namely, the two pulses constructively interfere with each other if the interval is a multiple of the period of the optical lattice vibration, while they destructively interfere if the interval is a half-odd integer times the period, in the processes toward the neutral phase. The interference is strong especially when the pulse is strong and short because the coherence is also strong. Meanwhile, when the neutral phase is photoexcited, the interference effect is almost invisible or weakly observed when the pulse is weak. The photoinduced lattice oscillations are incoherent due to random phases. The strength of the interference caused by a double pulse is a key quantity to distinguish the two transitions and to evaluate the coherence of charge density and lattice displacements.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Multilabel Classification by Hierarchical Partitioning and Data-dependent Grouping
Creators: name: Ubaru, Shashanka
name: Dash, Sanjeeb
name: Mazumdar, Arya
name: Gunluk, Oktay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In modern multilabel classification problems, each data instance belongs to a small number of classes from a large set of classes. In other words, these problems involve learning very sparse binary label vectors. Moreover, in large-scale problems, the labels typically have certain (unknown) hierarchy. In this paper we exploit the sparsity of label vectors and the hierarchical structure to embed them in low-dimensional space using label groupings. Consequently, we solve the classification problem in a much lower dimensional space and then obtain labels in the original space using an appropriately defined lifting. Our method builds on the work of (Ubaru & Mazumdar, 2017), where the idea of group testing was also explored for multilabel classification. We first present a novel data-dependent grouping approach, where we use a group construction based on a low-rank Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) of the label matrix of training instances. The construction also allows us, using recent results, to develop a fast prediction algorithm that has a logarithmic runtime in the number of labels. We then present a hierarchical partitioning approach that exploits the label hierarchy in large scale problems to divide up the large label space and create smaller sub-problems, which can then be solved independently via the grouping approach. Numerical results on many benchmark datasets illustrate that, compared to other popular methods, our proposed methods achieve competitive accuracy with significantly lower computational costs.
Cattle breeding in Northern Australia: Revealing how consumers react to new technologies
Creators: name: Pluske, Johanna M.
name: Burton, Michael P.
name: Rigby, Dan
name: Vercoe, Philip E.
name: Pluske, Johanna M.
name: Burton, Michael P.
name: Rigby, Dan
name: Vercoe, Philip E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Non-market valuation
subject: consumers
subject: focus groups
subject: new technologies
subject: beef

description: In Australia, Bos taurus cattle breeds produce high quality meat, superior in taste and tenderness characteristics. Nevertheless, these breeds do not thrive in the Northern Australian environment. Stem cell transplant techniques could improve northern beef cattle breeding programs by facilitating crossbreeding via natural service. Focus groups were used in this study to explore consumer reaction to reproduction technologies and the implications for buying intentions. Findings suggested that consumers may react negatively to unconventional breeding technologies but the degree of this aversion is contingent upon how the technology is described. These findings are relevant for preparation of choice modeling surveys.
Building aggregate timber supply models from individual harvest choice
Creators: name: Polyakov, Maksym
name: Wear, David N.
name: Huggett, Robert
name: Polyakov, Maksym
name: Wear, David N.
name: Huggett, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Timber supply
subject: harvest choice
subject: conditional logit
subject: elasticity
subject: expectations
subject: simulation.

description: Timber supply has traditionally been modelled using aggregate data. In this paper, we build aggregate supply models for four roundwood products for the US state of North Carolina from a stand-level harvest choice model applied to detailed forest inventory. The simulated elasticities of pulpwood supply are much lower than reported by previous studies. Cross price elasticities indicate a dominant influence of sawtimber markets on pulpwood supply. This approach allows predicting the supply consequences of exogenous factors and supports regular updating of supply models.
A multiplicative finite strain crystal plasticity formulation based on additive elastic corrector rates: Theory and numerical implementation
Creators: name: Zhang, Meijuan
name: Nguyen, K.
name: Segurado, Javier
name: Montans, Francisco J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of continuum plasticity models is to efficiently predict the behavior of structures beyond their elastic limits. The purpose of multiscale materials science models, among them crystal plasticity models, is to understand the material behavior and design the material for a given target. The current successful continuum hyperelastoplastic models are based in the multiplicative decomposition from crystal plasticity, but significant differences in the computational frameworks of both approaches remain, making comparisons not straightforward. In previous works we have presented a theory for multiplicative continuum elastoplasticity which solved many long-standing issues, preserving the appealing structure of additive infinitesimal Wilkins algorithms. In this work we extend the theory to crystal plasticity. We show that the new formulation for crystal plasticity is parallel and comparable to continuum plasticity, preserving the attractive aspects of the framework: (1) simplicity of the kinematics reaching a parallelism with the infinitesimal framework; (2) possibility of very large elastic strains and unrestricted type of hyperelastic behavior; (3) immediate plain backward-Euler algorithmic implementation of the continuum theory avoiding algorithmically motivated exponential mappings, yet preserving isochoric flow; (4) absence of Mandel-type stresses in the formulation; (5) objectiveness and weak-invariance by construction due to the use of flow rules in terms of elastic corrector rates. We compare the results of our crystal plasticity formulation with the classical formulation from Kalidindi and Anand based on quadratic strains and an exponential mapping update of the plastic deformation gradient.
description: 37 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables
Internet of Things Challenges and Opportunities
Creators: name: Deekshaa Kanna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: Computer Software
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80303 Computer System Security

description: Technology is evolving rapidly, and cheaper and smaller devices that vary in size, computational power using cloud technologies or operating mode become available. These devices are always connected to form a network in order to enhance communication and data transmission. Such devices are largely referred to as smart devices e.g., smart homes, smart cities, smart cars, etc. that are connected to a complex infrastructure known as the Internet of things. Internet of Things generates a huge amount of data that poses significant challenges for processing and analysis. This research paper outlines various challenges and opportunities that are in the field of the Internet of Things.
Measuring the benefits from R&D investment beyond the farm gate: the case of the WA wine industry
Creators: name: Radhakrishnan, Manju
name: Islam, Nazrul
name: Ward, Glynn
name: Radhakrishnan, Manju
name: Islam, Nazrul
name: Ward, Glynn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: R&D investment
subject: Benefit cost analysis
subject: Value chain modelling
subject: wine.

description: Evaluations of public sector agricultural research and development (R&D) often focus on farm level benefits. Flow-on benefits that accrue to other sectors such as processing and marketing typically are ignored. This paper however includes these benefits. Using the Western Australian wine industry as an example this paper highlights the relative importance of farm and flow-on benefits generated by farm-level R&D. A wine industry value chain model is used to measure these benefits. The benefits per dollar of R&D investment are found to be $2.8 at the farm level compared to $14.9 when flow-on benefits are taken into account. In this case, solely reporting farm level benefits hugely understates the returns to the R&D investment. The R&D policy implications of the inclusion of flow-on benefits are discussed briefly.
The Anatomy of Star Formation in NGC 300
Creators: name: Helou, G.
name: Roussel, H.
name: Appleton, P.
name: Frayer, D.
name: Stolovy, S.
name: Storrie-Lombardi, L.
name: Hurt, R.
name: Lowrance, P.
name: Makovoz, D.
name: Masci, F.
name: Surace, J.
name: Gordon, K. D.
name: Alonso-Herrero, A.
name: Engelbracht, C. W.
name: Misselt, K.
name: Rieke, G.
name: Rieke, M.
name: Willner, S. P.
name: Pahre, M.
name: Ashby, M. L. N.
name: Fazio, G. G.
name: Smith, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Spitzer Space Telescope was used to study the mid-infrared to far-infrared properties of NGC 300, and to compare dust emission to Halpha to elucidate the heating of the ISM and the star formation cycle at scales < 100 pc. The new data allow us to discern clear differences in the spatial distribution of 8 micron dust emission with respect to 24 micron dust and to HII regions traced by the Halpha light. The 8 micron emission highlights the rims of HII regions, and the 24 micron emission is more strongly peaked in star forming regions than at 8 microns. We confirm the existence and approximate amplitude of interstellar dust emission at 4.5 microns, detected statistically in Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) data, and conclude it arises in star forming regions. When averaging over regions larger than ~ 1 kpc, the ratio of Halpha to Aromatic Feature emission in NGC 300 is consistent with the values observed in disks of spiral galaxies. The mid-to-far-infrared spectral energy distribution of dust emission is generally consistent with pre-Spitzer models.
description: to appear in the ApJS Spitzer special issue (September 2004)
3D Topological Models and Heegaard Splitting II: Pontryagin duality and Observables
Creators: name: Thuillier, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous article, a construction of the smooth Deligne-Beilinson cohomology groups $H^p_D(M)$ on a closed $3$-manifold $M$ represented by a Heegaard splitting $X_L \cup_f X_R$ was presented. Then, a determination of the partition functions of the $U(1)$ Chern-Simons and BF Quantum Field theories was deduced from this construction. In this second and concluding article we stay in the context of a Heegaard spitting of $M$ to define Deligne-Beilinson $1$-currents whose equivalent classes form the elements of $H^1_D(M)^\star$, the Pontryagin dual of $H^1_D(M)$. Finally, we use singular fields to first recover the partition functions of the $U(1)$ Chern-Simons and BF quantum field theories, and next to determine the link invariants defined by these theories. The difference between the use of smooth and singular fields is also discussed.
Obscured Binary Quasar Cores in SDSS J104807.74+005543.5?
Creators: name: Zhou, Hongyan
name: Wang, Tinggui
name: Zhang, Xueguang
name: Dong, Xiaobo
name: Li, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a possible close binary system of quasars in SDSS J1048+0055. The [OIII]4959,5007 emission lines are clearly double-peaked, and two discrete radio sources with a projected physical separation of ~20 pc are found in the VLBA milliarcsec resolution image at 8.4 GHz. Each of the [O III]4959,5007 doublets and Hbeta can be well modelled by two Gaussians and the line ratio, [O III]5007/Hbeta ~7, is typical of Seyfert 2 galaxies. No broad component of Hbeta was detected and its [O III]5007 luminosity, L_[OIII] ~ 9.2 times 10^42 erg s^-1, is comparable to luminous quasars and is a few ten times more luminous than typical Seyfert galaxies. One natural interpretation is that SDSS J1048+0055 contains two close quasar-like nuclei and the BLR around them are obscured. Other possible models are also discussed. We suggest that double-peaked narrow emission line profile may be an effective way of selecting candidates of binary black holes with intermediate separation.
A performance army : the military and imaginings of nation in Porfirian Mexico, 1876-1910
Creators: name: Neufeld, Stephen Brent
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The modern idea of mexicanidad, or "Mexican-ness", was the product of the era known as the Porfiriato (1876-1910). After nearly a century of turmoil, insurrections, and foreign invasions, the relative peace of President Porfirio Diaz' lengthy reign saw concerted efforts by the Mexican elite to shape a modern nation that suited their views of Mexico and its place in the world. The military played a central role in representing a particular set of images and ideals that were intended to become the foundation for the nation. The Mexican regime created a performative army that could emulate European and American modernity, demonstrating and parading itself as proof and pedagogue of modern Mexican nationalism. As a public spectacle it acted out a sense of what the nation should or could be, constructing an identity through its interaction with the gaze of the nation's subjects and that of privileged foreign viewers. The military's primary purpose became the performance of cosmopolitan and nationalist ideals for the gaze of various audiences. This nationalist "imaging" of the nation and mexicanidad was a much-contested terrain, a battleground for ideas and ideals between Mexicans and also a performance that was closely watched by foreign observers including journalists, emissaries, tourists, and military experts. These "outside" observers were far from a passive audience; they broadly reinterpreted the images into their own framework of stereotypes, racial beliefs, and class assumptions before re-presenting them to the wider world. This paper examines how the Porfirian elite (political and military) formulated a particular range of national images and imaginaries for the performative military to enact, and how foreign observers, especially via American periodicals, experienced these performances. In the fissures between these two imagined spaces, we may find a more complex and nuanced understanding of culture and the formation of national identity in late nineteenth century Mexico.
The tariff reduction on Agricultural sector in Iran
Creators: name: Salarpour, Mashallah
name: Hasanpour, Hadi
name: Salarpour, Mashallah
name: Hasanpour, Hadi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Tariff reduction
subject: CGE Model
subject: Uruguay Round (UR)
subject: Iranian economy
subject: Agricultural products

description: This study explains the results of trade reforms for a scenario where reduced tariffs for all imported commodities under the Uruguay Round (UR) since 1995. The Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) analysis and input-output data for Iran using a base year, 1991, were applied simulating the short and long-run effects under the UR. It was proposed that 24 per cent and 27 per cent decreases in ad valorem tariffs on imported agricultural and non-agricultural commodities, respectively, could occur in the short run from 1995. The same scenario was simulated in the long run to examine the impact of trade reforms on Iran for the past decade. Three crops results of this scenario were analysed by considering the projections. The results confirm a positive impact on the economy of Iran if tariffs were reduced under the UR. The domestic prices and production costs would fall and primary factors such as labour and capital would move to industries which have a greater comparative advantage. Rice was estimated to grow by 2.98 per cent but sugar beet and sugar cane decreased by 1.02 per cent in the short run.
Quantum Deformation of Relativistic Symmetries: Some Recent Developments
Creators: name: Lukierski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Firstly we discuss different versions of noncommutative space-time and corresponding appearance of quantum space-time groups. Further we consider the relation between quantum deformations of relativistic symmetries and so-called doubly special relativity (DSR) theories.
description: LaTeX, 9 pages. To appear in Proceedings of 11-th Regional Conference on Mathematical Physics, Tehran 2.05-5.05.2004, Eds. S. Rahvar, N. Sadooghi and F. Shojai, publ. World Sc. (2005)
Non-iterative Simultaneous Rigid Registration Method for Serial Sections of Biological Tissue
Creators: name: Shu, Chang
name: Chen, Xi
name: Xie, Qiwei
name: Xiao, Chi
name: Han, Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a novel non-iterative algorithm to simultaneously estimate optimal rigid transformation for serial section images, which is a key component in volume reconstruction of serial sections of biological tissue. In order to avoid error accumulation and propagation caused by current algorithms, we add extra condition that the position of the first and the last section images should remain unchanged. This constrained simultaneous registration problem has not been solved before. Our algorithm method is non-iterative, it can simultaneously compute rigid transformation for a large number of serial section images in a short time. We prove that our algorithm gets optimal solution under ideal condition. And we test our algorithm with synthetic data and real data to verify our algorithm's effectiveness.
description: appears in IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging 2018 (ISBI 2018)
Predicting the performance of conservation tenders when information on bidders's costs is limited
Creators: name: Schilizzi, Steven
name: Latacz-Lohmann, Uwe
name: Schilizzi, Steven
name: Latacz-Lohmann, Uwe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Auctions
subject: procurement
subject: tenders
subject: conservation
subject: learning
subject: economic experiments

description: Buying environmental services from private landholders using tendering mechanisms are usually subject to a budget constraint. Auction theory has mostly focused on target-constrained auctions and is not well developed for this type of auction. This paper examines the predictive capacity of a simple model developed for budget-constrained tenders, already used to design new conservation programs, by submitting it to controlled lab experiments. We study the capacity of the model to predict both experimental bids and the performance of the auction institution, based on the kind of limited information typically available to a conservation agency. We conclude there exists an optimal level of information on bidders’ costs, neither too large nor to small, making the tender worth considering as a policy option as well as allowing an ex-ante assessment of its economic performance.
Systematic analysis of group identification in stock markets
Creators: name: Kim, Dong-Hee
name: Jeong, Hawoong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We propose improved methods to identify stock groups using the correlation matrix of stock price changes. By filtering out the marketwide effect and the random noise, we construct the correlation matrix of stock groups in which nontrivial high correlations between stocks are found. Using the filtered correlation matrix, we successfully identify the multiple stock groups without any extra knowledge of the stocks by the optimization of the matrix representation and the percolation approach to the correlation-based network of stocks. These methods drastically reduce the ambiguities while finding stock groups using the eigenvectors of the correlation matrix.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Opportunities of Habitat Connectivity for Tiger (Panthera tigris) between Pench Tiger Reserve and Navegaon-Nagzira Tiger Reserve in Maharashtra, India
Creators: name: Bhagat, Rohan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 50202 Conservation and Biodiversity
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Habitat connectivity is essential in sustaining regional populations of Tiger (Panthera tigris), as they require contiguous forest connectivity for dispersal and genetic exchange between populations. An important conservation tool for these carnivores has been to understand connectivity of these fragmented habitats that have helped to identify critical threats to the existing populations. Wildlife corridors have long been a subject of discussion amongst wildlife biologists and conservationists with contrasting schools of thought arguing their merits and demerits. However, it is largely believed that wildlife corridors can help minimize genetic isolation, offset fragmentation problems, improves animal dispersal, restore ecological processes and reduce man animal conflict. This study attempted to evaluate the possibilities of identifying a suitable wildlife corridor between two very important wildlife areas of central India – Pench Tiger Reserve and Navegaon-Nagzira Tiger Reserve – with tiger as the focal species. Geographic information system (GIS), information collected from Forest Department and Local communities was used to identify likely routes for movement of tigers. Results indicate the movement pattern of tiger in the fragmented landscape on the basis of indirect signs and secondary information. It was also found that the potential corridor in fragmented area which is different from corridor marked by the forest department. Resultant maps, displaying bottle necks and weak points in the corridors, are marked to direct field-based research and conservation efforts. Field assessment and refinement of the corridors is ongoing. The establishment and proper management of linkages between the habitats is of great importance for future survival of tigers.
Interface learning of multiphysics and multiscale systems
Creators: name: Ahmed, Shady E.
name: San, Omer
name: Kara, Kursat
name: Younis, Rami
name: Rasheed, Adil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Complex natural or engineered systems comprise multiple characteristic scales, multiple spatiotemporal domains, and even multiple physical closure laws. To address such challenges, we introduce an interface learning paradigm and put forth a data-driven closure approach based on memory embedding to provide physically correct boundary conditions at the interface. To enable the interface learning for hyperbolic systems by considering the domain of influence and wave structures into account, we put forth the concept of upwind learning towards a physics-informed domain decomposition. The promise of the proposed approach is shown for a set of canonical illustrative problems. We highlight that high-performance computing environments can benefit from this methodology to reduce communication costs among processing units in emerging machine learning ready heterogeneous platforms toward exascale era.
An agro-economic model to analyse climate change impacts on farmers' income
Creators: name: Jiang, Qiang
name: Jiang, Qiang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: APSIM
subject: Climate change
subject: agricultural economics
subject: wheat

description: The increasing interests in climate change heighten the need for an agro-economic model to analyse climate change impacts on farmers’ incomes. Many researchers have turned to crop yield response models to estimate farmers’ yield and income loss. A classic method used by economists to establish yield response models is to build up the statistic relationship between historical yield changes and climate change through regression models. However, without comprehensive experimental data from each region such as crop yields response to CO2 concentration, these crop-yield response models may provide misleading predications. An alternative approach is the use of crop biophysical simulation models. Based one biophysical model Agricultural production systems simulator (APSIM), we develope an agro-economic model, WATER-BIOMASS DYNAMI, to simulate the change of crop yields and farmers' income affected by varied climate change scenarios and other economic factors. We used the WATER-BIOMASS DYNAMIC model to analyse the agricultural economic impacts of four climate change scenarios in the Australian Wagga Wagga wheat production area.
Search for K_S K_L in psi'' decays
Creators: name: Ablikim, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: K_S K_L from psi'' decays is searched for using the psi'' data collected by BESII at BEPC, the upper limit of the branching fraction is determined to be B(psi''--> K_S K_L) < 2.1\times 10^{-4} at 90% C. L. The measurement is compared with the prediction of the S- and D-wave mixing model of the charmonia, based on the measurements of the branching fractions of J/psi-->K_S K_L and psi'-->K_S K_L.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure