cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Iterative Accumulation Multiplexing Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry
Creators: name: Bushey, Jared M.
name: Glish, Gary L.
name: Danell, Ryan M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: A multiplexed tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) technique known as iterative accumulation multiplexing (IAM) has been implemented on a hybrid quadrupole Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (Q-FTICR-MS). The IAM experiment resulted in obtaining MS/MS spectra for six analytes in two MS/MS experiments while characteristic resolving power and mass measurement accuracies were maintained. Parent-product ion correlations were graphically represented in a “ratiogram” where each product ion is encoded with a ratio unique to the parent ion from which it was formed. This is the first example of multiplexed MS on a FTICR instrument where the ions are encoded externally to the ICR cell. By performing the encoding external to the ICR cell, one set of ions can be encoded while the previous set of ions is being analyzed in the cell, maximizing the use of the continuous ion current emanating from the electrospray ionization source.
(Inverse) Magnetic Catalysis in Bose-Einstein Condensation of Neutral Bound Pairs
Creators: name: Feng, Bo
name: Hou, Defu
name: Ren, Hai-cang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bose-Einstein condensation of bound pairs made of oppositely charged fermions in a magnetic field is investigated. We find that the condensation temperature shows the magnetic catalysis effect in weak coupling and the inverse magnetic catalysis effect in strong coupling. The different responses to the magnetic field can be attributed to the competition between the dimensional reduction by Landau orbitals in pairing dynamics and the anisotropy of the kinetic spectrum of fluctuations (bound pairs in the normal phase)
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, in Latex with further explanations, references added and typos fixed
title:  Romanzo e denaro: alcune riflessioni metodologiche sul caso francese
Creators: name: Spandri, Francesco
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2014

description: Abstract:

Approfondire il rapporto tra la letteratura e l’economia politica significa riconoscere il ruolo cruciale svol­to dal romanzo nella valorizzazione del denaro inteso come tema e come principio formale. In questa materia la precocità del genere teatro invita a una riflessione costante sulla peculiarità delle forme letterarie e sulla loro relazione. La lunga tradizione settecentesca offre un terreno fecondo per identificare il momento inaugurale che ha sancito l’incontro del romanzo con il denaro. Ma questa interazione va indagata secondo una prospettiva critica capace di includere anche testi che sembrano secondari, eccentrici o lontani: è lì che il denaro parla il suo linguaggio più efficace.

English  Abstract:

To explore the relationship between literature and political economy means to acknowledge the crucial role played by the novel in the appraisal of money in terms of both narrative theme and formal principle. The precociousness of drama in this context encourages constant reflection on literary forms as well as on the peculiarities of their cross-fertilization. The long eighteenth-century tradition provide sample grounds for the identification of the sources of the encounter between money and the novel. Yet, the critical investigation of this intersection must also include texts which may appear minor, marginal, and distant: it is precisely in texts such as these that money speaks its most powerful language.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.4 – 2014 – DENARO
A Theory of Inaccessible Information
Creators: name: Surace, Jacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: What would be the consequences if there were fundamental limits to our ability to experimentally explore the world? In this work we seriously consider this question. We assume the existence of statements whose truth value is not experimentally accessible. That is, there is no way, not even in theory, to directly test if these statements are true or false. We further develop a theory in which experimentally accessible statements are a union of a fixed minimum number of inaccessible statements. For example, the value of truth of the statements "a" and "b" is not accessible, but the value of truth of the statement "a or b" is accessible. We do not directly assume probability theory, we exclusively define experimentally accessible and inaccessible statements and build on these notions using the rules of classical logic. We find that an interesting structure emerges. Developing this theory, we relax the logical structure to a probabilistic one, obtaining a theory rich in structure that we call "theory of inaccessible information". Surprisingly, the simplest model of theory of inaccessible information is the qubit in quantum mechanics. Along the path for the construction of this theory, we characterise and study a family of multiplicative information measures that we call "inaccessibility measures".
description: 17 pages, 4 figures; 37 pages, 12 figures with appendix
A META-ANALYSIS ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SLEEP QUALITY AND ARTERIAL STIFFNESS
Creators: name: Semcesen, Melanie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Reduced sleep quality may be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there have been mixed results about the nature of the trend in this relationship. To establish this relationship, this meta-analysis will examine sleep quality measures from the Pittsburgh Quality Sleep Index (PSQI), and how it relates to measures of pulse wave velocity (PWV) to measure arterial stiffness (AS) for determining the relationship between sleep quality and CVD risk. Electronic databases (Pubmed and SPORTDiscus) generated 570 results, where 28 studies were screened based on exclusion criteria. 5 studies that utilized PSQI as a sleep measurement were selected for the meta-analysis. A random effects model was used to determine the weighted mean difference, with an effect size of 1.096 as the standard mean difference. There is a significant association between poor sleep quality and high PWV (p=0.030). Therefore, AS is likely to influence the relationship between poor sleep quality and CVD risk, but since CVD was not measured, we cannot say this for certain.
Coulomb liquid phases of bosonic cluster Mott insulators on a pyrochlore lattice
Creators: name: Lv, Jian-Ping
name: Chen, Gang
name: Deng, Youjin
name: Meng, Zi Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we reveal the full phase diagram of the extended Hubbard model of hard-core bosons on the pyrochlore lattice with partial fillings. When the intersite repulsion is dominant, the system is in a cluster Mott insulator phase with an integer number of bosons localized inside the tetrahedral units of the pyrochlore lattice. We show that the full phase diagram contains three cluster Mott insulator phases with 1/4, 1/2, and 3/4 boson fillings, respectively. We further demonstrate that all three cluster Mott insulators are Coulomb liquid phases and its low-energy property is described by the emergent compact U(1) quantum electrodynamics. In addition to measuring the specific heat and entropy of the cluster Mott insulators, we investigate the correlation function of the emergent electric field and verify it is consistent with the compact U(1) quantum electrodynamics description. Our result sheds light on the magnetic properties of various pyrochlore systems, as well as the charge physics of the cluster magnets.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Mechanism of Chromophore Assisted Laser Inactivation Employing Fluorescent Proteins
Creators: name: Sligar, Stephen G.
name: Humphrey, David
name: Yang, Bing
name: Jacobson, Ken
name: Rajfur, Zenon
name: Chen, Zaozao
name: McLean, Mark A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Chromophore Assisted Laser Inactivation (CALI) is a technique that uses irradiation of chromophores proximate to a target protein to inactivate function. Previously, EGFP mediated CALI has been used to inactivate EGFP-fusion proteins in a spatio-temporally defined manner within cells but the mechanism of inactivation is unknown 1, 2. To help elucidate the mechanism of protein inactivation mediated by fluorescent protein CALI ([FP]-CALI), the activities of purified Glutathione-S-transferase-FP (GST-EXFP) fusions were measured after laser irradiation in vitro. Singlet oxygen and free radical quenchers as well as the removal of oxygen inhibited CALI, indicating the involvement of a reactive oxygen species (ROS). At higher concentrations of protein, turbidity after CALI increased significantly indicating cross-linking of proximate fusion proteins suggesting that damage of residues on the surface the protein, distant from the active site, results in inactivation. Control experiments removed sample heating as a possible cause of these effects. Different FP mutants fused to GST vary in their CALI efficiency in the order EGFP>EYFP>ECFP, while a GST construct that binds FlAsH results in significantly higher CALI efficiency than any of the XFPs tested. It is likely that the hierarchy of XFP effectiveness reflects the balance between ROS that are trapped within the XFP structure and cause fluorophore and chromophore bleaching and those that escape to effect CALI of proximate proteins.
Aufstieg und Ende der katholischen Volksbewegungen in Ungarn
Creators: name: Vida, Stefan
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 15 Nr. 1 (1986): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 15, Heft 1
Do RESTful API Design Rules Have an Impact on the Understandability of Web APIs? A Web-Based Experiment with API Descriptions
Creators: name: Bogner, Justus
name: Kotstein, Sebastian
name: Pfaff, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Context: Web APIs are one of the most used ways to expose application functionality on the Web, and their understandability is important for efficiently using the provided resources. While many API design rules exist, empirical evidence for the effectiveness of most rules is lacking.
 Objective: We therefore wanted to study 1) the impact of RESTful API design rules on understandability, 2) if rule violations are also perceived as more difficult to understand, and 3) if demographic attributes like REST-related experience have an influence on this.
 Method: We conducted a controlled Web-based experiment with 105 participants, from both industry and academia and with different levels of experience. Based on a hybrid between a crossover and a between-subjects design, we studied 12 design rules using API snippets in two complementary versions: one that adhered to a "rule" and one that was a "violation" of this rule. Participants answered comprehension questions and rated the perceived difficulty.
 Results: For 11 of the 12 rules, we found that "violation" performed significantly worse than "rule" for the comprehension tasks. Regarding the subjective ratings, we found significant differences for 9 of the 12 rules, meaning that most violations were subjectively rated as more difficult to understand. Demographics played no role in the comprehension performance for "violation".
 Conclusions: Our results provide first empirical evidence for the importance of following design rules to improve the understandability of Web APIs, which is important for researchers, practitioners, and educators.
description: Accepted at Empirical Software Engineering (EMSE)
Four Dimensional Supersymmetric Theories in Presence of a Boundary
Creators: name: Faizal, Mir
name: Awad, Adel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study $\mathcal{N} =1$ supersymmetric theories in four dimensions in presence of a boundary. We demonstrate that it is possible to preserve half the supersymmetry of the original theory by suitably modifying it in presence of a boundary. This is done by adding new boundary terms to the original action, such that the supersymmetric variation of the new terms exactly cancels the boundary terms generated by the supersymmetric transformation of the original bulk action. We also analyze the boundary projections of such supercharges used in such a theory. We study super-Yang-Mills theories in presence of a boundary using these results. Finally, we study the Born-Infeld action in presence of a boundary. We analyse the boundary effects for the Born-Infeld action coupled to a background dilaton and an axion field. We also analyse the boundary effects for an non-abelian Born-Infeld action. We explicitly construct the actions for these systems in presence of a boundary. This action preserves half of the original supersymmetry.
description: 18 pages, no figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Simultaneous Collision Induced Dissociation of the Charge Reduced Parent Ion during Electron Capture Dissociation
Creators: name: Baba, Takashi
name: Bushey, Jared M.
name: Glish, Gary L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: A method of performing collision induced dissociation (CID) on the charge-reduced parent ion as it is formed during electron capture dissociation (ECD), called ECD+CID, is described. In ECD+CID, the charge-reduced parent ion is selectively activated using resonant excitation and collisions with the helium bath gas inside a linear quadrupole ion trap ECD device (ECDLIT). It has been observed that ECD+CID can improve the sequence coverage for melittin over performing ECD alone (i.e., from 76 % to 88 %). Perhaps just as important, ECD+CID can be used to reduce the extent of multiple electron capture events observed when performing ECD in the ECDLIT. Consequently, the abundance of mass-to-charge ratios corresponding to ECD product ions that contain neutralized protons is decreased, simplifying the interpretation of the product ion spectrum.
Jet transport and photon bremsstrahlung via longitudinal and transverse scattering
Creators: name: Qin, Guang-You
name: Majumder, Abhijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of multiple scatterings on the propagation of hard partons and the production of jet-bremsstrahlung photons inside a dense medium in the framework of deep-inelastic scattering off a large nucleus. We include the momentum exchanges in both longitudinal and transverse directions between the hard partons and the constituents of the medium. Keeping up to the second order in a momentum gradient expansion, we derive the spectrum for the photon emission from a hard quark jet when traversing dense nuclear matter. Our calculation demonstrates that the photon bremsstrahlung process is influenced not only by the transverse momentum diffusion of the propagating hard parton, but also by the longitudinal drag and diffusion of the parton momentum. A notable outcome is that the longitudinal drag tends to reduce the amount of stimulated emission from the hard parton.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
Simultaneous Decoupled Detection of Dopamine and Oxygen Using Pyrolyzed Carbon Microarrays and Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry
Creators: name: Zachek, Matthew K.
name: Takmakov, Pavel
name: Wightman, R. Mark
name: McCarty, Gregory S.
name: Moody, Benjamin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Microfabricated structures utilizing pyrolyzed photoresist have been shown to be a useful for monitoring electrochemical processes. These previous studies, however, were limited to constant potential measurements and slow scan voltammetry. Work described in this report utilizes microfabrication processes to produce devices that enable multiple fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) waveforms to be applied to different electrodes on a single substrate. This enabled the simultaneous, decoupled, detection of dopamine and oxygen. This paper describes the fabrication process of these arrays and shows that pyrolyzed photoresist electrodes possess comparable surface chemistry and electrochemical properties to PAN type, T-650, carbon fiber microelectrodes using background-subtracted FSCV. The functionality of the array is discussed in terms of the degree of crosstalk in response to flow injections of physiologically relevant concentrations of dopamine and oxygen. Finally, other applications of pyrolyzed photoresist microelectrode arrays are shown, including: spatially resolved detection of analytes and combining FSCV with amperometry for the detection of dopamine.
Rovnoscydmus
Creators: name: Jałoszyński, Paweł
name: Perkovsky, Evgeny
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Rovnoscydmus

description: † Rovnoscydmus sp. specimen 7
(Figs 20, 151–154)
Material studied. Late Eocene of Europe, Rovno amber: sex unknown; inclusion in subtriangular, irregular piece of amber 23 mm long (Fig. 20), collection number K-3037 (SIZK).
Description. Body (Figs 151–154) elongate, slender and relatively strongly convex, moderately light brown; BL 0.95 mm.
Head (Figs 151–154) broadest at eyes, HL about 0.15 mm, HW 0.20 mm; vertex strongly transverse; frons not visible; compound eyes large, strongly convex, oval; length of tempora in relation to eyes not possible to assess. Punctures and setae on dorsum of head poorly visible. Antennae (Figs 151–154) much shorter than half BL, AnL 0.35 mm, antennal club indistinctly demarcated; antennomeres I–II strongly elongate, shapes of proximal flagellomeres difficult to assess, antennomeres VIII–X about as long as broad, XI much shorter than IX–X combined, about 1.2 × as long as broad, with rounded apex.
Pronotum (Figs 151, 153) slightly elongate, broadest near anterior fourth (but very indistinctly narrowing posteriorly); PL 0.25 mm, PW 0.24 mm; punctures and setae on disc poorly visible, setae on sides of pronotum replaced by distinct thick bristles (Fig. 153).
Elytra (Figs 151, 153) elongate oval, broadest site not possible to define, EL 0.55 mm, EW 0.38 mm, EI 1.47; punctures (Fig. 153) fine but distinct, separated by spaces 2–3 × as wide as diameters of punctures; setae (Fig. 153) short, sparse and nearly recumbent.
Legs (Figs 151–154) moderately long, slender, unmodified.
Remarks. This specimen, although relatively well exposed, is unremarkable and difficult to identify as conspecific with any other inclusion of Rovnoscydmus.
description: Published as part of Jałoszyński, Paweł & Perkovsky, Evgeny, 2016, Diversity of Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in Upper Eocene Rovno amber, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 4157 (1) on pages 51-52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4157.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/262413
Voltammetric Detection of 5-Hydroxytryptamine Release in the Rat Brain
Creators: name: Hashemi, Parastoo
name: Dankoski, Elyse C.
name: Wightman, R. M.
name: Keithley, Richard B.
name: Petrovic, Jelena
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: 5-HT is an important molecule in the brain that is implicated in mood and emotional processes. In vivo, its dynamic release and uptake kinetics are poorly understood due to a lack of analytical techniques for its rapid measurement. Whereas fast-scan cyclic voltammetry with carbon fiber microelectrodes is used frequently to monitor sub-second dopamine release in freely-moving and anesthetized rats, the electrooxidation of 5-HT forms products that quickly polymerize and irreversibly coat the carbon electrode surface. Previously described modifications of the electrochemical waveform allow stable and sensitive 5-HT measurements in mammalian tissue slice preparations and in the brain of fruit fly larvae. For in vivo applications in mammals, however, the problem of electrode deterioration persists. We identify the root of this problem to be fouling by extracellular metabolites such as 5-HIAA, which is present in 200-1000 times the concentration of 5-HT and displays similar electrochemical properties, including filming of the electrode surface. To impede access of the 5-HIAA to the electrode surface, a thin layer of Nafion®, a cation exchange polymer, has been electrodeposited onto cylindrical carbon-fiber microelectrodes. The presence of the Nafion® film was confirmed with environmental scanning electron microscopy and was demonstrated by the diminution of the voltammetric signals for 5-HIAA as well as other common anionic species. The modified microelectrodes also display increased sensitivity to 5-HT, yielding a characteristic cyclic voltammogram that is easily distinguishable from other common electroactive brain species. The thickness of the Nafion® coating and a diffusion coefficient (D) in the film for 5-HT were evaluated by measuring permeation through Nafion®. In vivo, we used physiological, anatomical and pharmacological evidence to validate the signal as 5-HT. Using Nafion®-modified microelectrodes, we present the first endogenous recording of 5-HT in the mammalian brain.
Maximum Power of Coupled-Qubit Otto Engines
Creators: name: Gao, Jingyi
name: Hatano, Naomichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We put forward four schemes of coupled-qubit quantum Otto machine, a generalization of the single-qubit quantum Otto machine, based on work and heat transfer between an internal system consisting of a coupled pair of qubits and an external environment consisting of two heat baths and two work storages. The four schemes of our model are defined by the positions of attaching the heat baths, which play a key role in the power of the coupled-qubit engine. Firstly, for the single-qubit heat engine, we find a maximum-power relation, and the fact that its efficiency at the maximum power is equal to the Otto efficiency, which is greater than the Curzon-Ahlborn efficiency. Second, we compare the coupled-qubit engines to the single-qubit one from the point of view of achieving the maximum power based on the same energy-level change for work production, and find that the coupling between the two qubits can lead to greater powers but the system efficiency at the maximum power is lower than the single-qubit system's efficiency and the Curzon-Ahlborn efficiency.
description: 21 pages, 22 figures
Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry of Androgens in Prostate Cancer
Creators: name: Lih, Fred Bjørn
name: Tomer, Kenneth B.
name: Titus, Mark A.
name: Mohler, James L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Androgen deprivation therapy is the most common treatment option for advanced prostate cancer. Almost all prostate cancers recur during androgen deprivation therapy, and new evidence suggests that androgen receptor activation persists despite castrate levels of circulating androgens. Quantitation of tissue levels of androgens is critical to understanding the mechanism of recurrence of prostate cancer during androgen deprivation therapy. A liquid chromatography atmospheric pressure photoionization tandem mass spectrometric method was developed for quantitation of tissue levels of androgens. Quantitation of the saturated keto-steroids dihydrotestosterone and 5-α-androstanedione required detection of a novel parent ion, [M + 15]+. The nature of this parent ion was explored and the method applied to prostate tissue and cell culture with comparison to results achieved using electrospray ionization.
Large-Spin Expansions of Giant Magnons
Creators: name: Linardopoulos, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a talk delivered at the Workshop on Quantum Fields and Strings of the 2014 Corfu Summer Institute. We discuss how giant magnons emerge in the context of the AdS5/CFT4 correspondence as the gravity duals of N = 4 super Yang-Mills magnon excitations. Then we present a new analytic expression for the dispersion relation of classical finite-size giant magnons with Lambert's W-function.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures; Changed notation in the general form of classical finite-size corrections; Matches published version
Simply typed convertibility is TOWER-complete even for safe lambda-terms
Creators: name: Nguyên, Lê Thành Dũng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the following decision problem: given two simply typed $λ$-terms, are they $β$-convertible? Equivalently, do they have the same normal form? It is famously non-elementary, but the precise complexity - namely TOWER-complete - is lesser known. One goal of this short paper is to popularize this fact.
 Our original contribution is to show that the problem stays TOWER-complete when the two input terms belong to Blum and Ong's safe $λ$-calculus, a fragment of the simply typed $λ$-calculus arising from the study of higher-order recursion schemes. Previously, the best known lower bound for this safe $β$-convertibility problem was PSPACE-hardness. Our proof proceeds by reduction from the star-free expression equivalence problem, taking inspiration from the author's work with Pradic on "implicit automata in typed $λ$-calculi".
 These results also hold for $βη$-convertibility.
Obstacles to Fraternité: Exploring Contemporary Jewish-Muslim Relations in France
Creators: name: Leveque, Ludmila
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: The Jewish and Muslim communities in France perceive each other in very abstract and political terms. Jews mainly perceive individuals considered in some manner “Muslim” as Muslims (with all the political connotations attached to this label) and vice versa. But what has brought us to the point where the two largest ethnoreligious minorities in France, where universal republican citizenship is one of the most cherished ideals, can only conceive of each other through ethnoreligious labels? Why is it that when they do, the relationship between the French Jewish and Muslim communities is tense, and at times violent? In this thesis, I explore the state of Jewish-Muslim relations in contemporary France. I use interview testimonies from people working to improve Jewish-Muslim relations to study three things:
1)How an oppositional, political and binary manner of perceiving one another negatively impacts Jewish-Muslim relations. 
2)How extranational affiliations, the process of ethnicization, and the French state and society all contribute to reinforcing the binary through which French Jews and Muslims perceive each other. 
3)The organizational philosophies, operations, successes and challenges of intercommunity dialogue associations working to create Jewish-Muslim solidarity in France.
Antithetic multilevel Monte Carlo method for approximations of SDEs with non-globally Lipschitz continuous coefficients
Creators: name: Pang, Chenxu
name: Wang, Xiaojie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65C05, 60H15, 65C30

description: In the field of computational finance, one is commonly interested in the expected value of a financial derivative whose payoff depends on the solution of stochastic differential equations (SDEs). For multi-dimensional SDEs with non-commutative diffusion coefficients in the globally Lipschitz setting, a kind of one-half order truncated Milstein-type scheme without Lévy areas was recently introduced by Giles and Szpruch (2014), which combined with the antithetic multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) gives the optimal overall computational cost $\mathcal{O}(ε^{-2})$ for the required target accuracy $ε$. Nevertheless, many nonlinear SDEs in applications have non-globally Lipschitz continuous coefficients and the corresponding theoretical guarantees for antithetic MLMC are absent in the literature. In the present work, we aim to fill the gap and analyze antithetic MLMC in a non-globally Lipschitz setting. First, we propose a family of modified Milstein-type schemes without Lévy areas to approximate SDEs with non-globally Lipschitz continuous coefficients. The expected one-half order of strong convergence is recovered in a non-globally Lipschitz setting, where even the diffusion coefficients are allowed to grow superlinearly. This then helps us to analyze the relevant variance of the multilevel estimator and the optimal computational cost is finally achieved for the antithetic MLMC. Since getting rid of the Lévy areas destroys the martingale properties of the scheme, the analysis of both the convergence rate and the desired variance becomes highly non-trivial in the non-globally Lipschitz setting. By introducing an auxiliary approximation process, we develop non-standard arguments to overcome the essential difficulties. Numerical experiments are provided to confirm the theoretical findings.
description: 44 pages, 10 figures
Die Ekklesiologie des Zweiten Vatikanums
Creators: name: Benedikt XVI., Papst
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 15 Nr. 1 (1986): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 15, Heft 1
Carbon Microelectrodes with a Renewable Surface
Creators: name: Zachek, Matthew K.
name: Donley, Carrie
name: Keithley, Richard B.
name: Takmakov, Pavel
name: McCarty, Gregory S.
name: Wightman, R. Mark
name: Walsh, Paul L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Electrode fouling decreases sensitivity and can be a substantial limitation in electrochemical experiments. In this work we describe an electrochemical procedure that constantly renews the surface of a carbon microelectrode using periodic triangle voltage excursions to an extended anodic potential at a scan rate of 400 Vs−1. This methodology allows for the regeneration of an electrochemically active surface and restores electrode sensitivity degraded by irreversible adsorption of chemical species. We show that repeated voltammetric sweeps to moderate potentials in aqueous solution causes oxidative etching of carbon thereby constantly renewing the electrochemically active surface. Oxidative etching was established by tracking surface-localized fluorine atoms with XPS, by monitoring changes in carbon surface morphology with AFM on pyrolyzed photoresist films, and also by optical and electron microscopy. The use of waveforms with extended anodic potentials showed substantial increases in sensitivity towards the detection of catechols. This enhancement arose from the adsorption of the catechol moiety that could be maintained with a constant regeneration of the electrode surface. We also demonstrate that application of the extended waveform could restore the sensitivity of carbon microelectrodes diminished by irreversible adsorption (electrode fouling) of byproducts resulting from the electrooxidation and polymerization of tyramine. Overall, this work brings new insight into the factors that affect electrochemical processes at carbon electrodes and provides a simple method to remove or reduce fouling problems associated with many electrochemical experiments.
Constraint on noncommutative spacetime from PLANCK data
Creators: name: K., Joby P.
name: Chingangbam, Pravabati
name: Das, Subinoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We constrain the energy scale of noncommutativity of spacetime using CMB data from PLANCK. We find that PLANCK data puts the lower bound on the noncommutativity energy scale to about 20 TeV, which is about a factor of two larger than a previous constraint that was obtained using data from WMAP, ACBAR and CBI. We further show that inclusion of data of $E$ mode of CMB polarization will not significantly change the constraint.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in PRD
Der Heilige Geist und die "totale" Inkarnation
Creators: name: Sicari, Antonio
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 15 Nr. 1 (1986): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 15, Heft 1
Development and testing of the Revised Morgan-Morgan-Finney (RMMF) soil erosion model under different pedological datasets
Creators: name: Efthimiou, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: The study aims to investigate the effect of soil properties delineation on erosion modelling. To that end, the soil attributes of the Venetikos River catchment, northwestern Greece, are described using two pedological datasets, i.e. field samples and classification maps. The goal is to select the most appropriate for the accurate estimation of erosion. The Revised Morgan-Morgan-Finney (RMMF) model is developed per base map (annual or multi-annual), keeping all other parameters unchanged. Modelled sediment yield (SY) values are validated against “observed” ones, calculated utilizing the sediment rating curve methodology. Overall, the classification maps approach (164.35 t km-2 year‒1) performed better than the soil samples one (82.97 t km-2 year‒1), displaying higher convergence to the synthetic SY (548.9 t km-2 year‒1). The discrepancy among approaches is attributed to the different computation methodologies (thus pedological background) used. Both approximations successfully identified the high-risk erosion areas. The same conclusions arose from the multi-annual application of the model.
Characterization of Local pH Changes in Brain Using Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry with Carbon Microelectrodes
Creators: name: Keithley, Richard B.
name: Wightman, R. Mark
name: Takmakov, Pavel
name: McCarty, Gregory S.
name: Bucher, Elizabeth S.
name: Zachek, Matthew K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Transient local pH changes in the brain are important markers of neural activity that can be used to follow metabolic processes that underlie the biological basis of behavior, learning and memory. There are few methods that can measure pH fluctuations with sufficient time resolution in freely moving animals. Previously, fast-scan cyclic voltammetry at carbon-fiber microelectrodes was used for the measurement of such pH transients. However, the origin of the potential dependent current in the cyclic voltammograms for pH changes recorded in vivo was unclear. The current work explored the nature of these peaks and established the origin for some of them. A peak relating to the capacitive nature of the pH CV was identified. Adsorption of electrochemically inert species, such as aromatic amines and calcium could suppress this peak, and is the origin for inconsistencies regarding in vivo and in vitro data. Also, we identified an extra peak in the in vivo pH CV relating to the presence of 3,4-dihydroxyacetic acid (DOPAC) in the brain extracellular fluid. To evaluate the in vivo performance of the carbon-fiber sensor, carbon dioxide inhalation by an anesthetized rat was used to induce brain acidosis induced by hypercapnia. Hypercapnia is demonstrated to be a useful tool to induce robust in vivo pH changes, allowing confirmation of the pH signal observed with FSCV.
The phase stability of large-size nanoparticle alloy catalysts at ab initio quality using a nearsighted force-training approach
Creators: name: Zeng, Cheng
name: Sahoo, Sushree Jagriti
name: Medford, Andrew J.
name: Peterson, Andrew A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CoPt nanoparticle catalysts are integral to commercial fuel cells. Such systems are prohibitive to fully characterize with electronic structure calculations. Machine-learned potentials offer a scalable solution; however, such potentials are only reliable if representative training data can be employed, which typically requires large electronic structure calculations. Here, we use the nearsighted-force training approach to make high-fidelity machine-learned predictions on large nanoparticles with $>$5,000 atoms using only systematically generated small structures ranging from 38-168 atoms. The resulting ensemble model shows good accuracy and transferability in describing relative energetics for CoPt nanoparticles with various shapes, sizes and Co compositions. It is found that the fcc(100) surface is more likely to form a L1$_0$ ordered structure than the fcc(111) surface. The energy convex hull of the icosahedron shows the most stable particles have Pt-rich skins and Co-rich underlayers. Although the truncated octahedron is the most stable shape across all sizes of Pt nanoparticles, a crossover to icosahedron exists due to a large downshift of surface energy for CoPt nanoparticle alloys. The downshift can be attributed to strain release on the icosahedron surface due to Co alloying. We introduced a simple empirical model to describe the role of Co alloying in the crossover for CoPt nanoparticles. With Monte-Carlo simulations we additionally searched for the most stable atomic arrangement for a truncated octahedron with equal Pt and Co compositions, and also we studied its order-disorder phase transition. We validated the most stable configurations with a new highly scalable density functional theory code called SPARC. Lastly, the order-disorder phase transition for a CoPt nanoparticle exhibits a lower transition temperature and a smoother transition, compared to the bulk CoPt alloy.
Rovnoscydmus
Creators: name: Jałoszyński, Paweł
name: Perkovsky, Evgeny
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Rovnoscydmus

description: † Rovnoscydmus sp. specimen 6
(Figs 19, 145–150)
Material studied. Late Eocene of Europe, Rovno amber: sex unknown; inclusion in elongate, triangular (with one corner rounded) prism of amber 17 mm long (Fig. 19), collection number K-7350 (SIZK).
Description. Body (Figs 145–150) elongate, slender, nearly black; BL 1.10 mm.
Head (Figs 145–150) broadest at eyes, HL about 0.25 mm, HW 0.28 mm; vertex and frons confluent, together subtrapezoidal and moderately transverse; supraantennal tubercles indistinct; compound eyes large, strongly convex, oval; tempora seem to be longer than eyes. Punctures on frons and vertex (Fig. 148) fine and unremarkable, separated by spaces 3–4 × as wide as diameters of punctures; setae (Fig. 148) sparse, short and suberect. Antennae (Figs 145–150) much shorter than half BL, AnL about 0.40 mm, antennal club relatively well demarcated; antennomeres I–II strongly elongate, shapes of flagellomeres difficult to assess.
Pronotum (Figs 145–150) nearly inversely trapezoidal, broadest near anterior fourth; PL 0.30 mm, PW 0.30 mm; punctures on disc (Fig. 148) small but distinct, separated by spaces 2–4 × as wide as diameters of punctures; setae (Fig. 148) short and sparse, suberect, on sides of pronotum replaced by distinct thick bristles (Figs 145, 148).
Elytra (Figs 145–150) elongate oval, broadest distinctly in front of middle, EL 0.55 mm, EW 0.45 mm, EI 1.22; punctures and setae similar to those on pronotum (Fig. 148).
Legs (Figs 145–146, 148–149) moderately long, slender, unmodified.
Remarks. Although this specimen is preserved in cloudy amber and only dorsal structures are partially exposed, the antennal structure, the shape of head, the elytra with one basal fovea each and measurements strongly suggest that this is also a Rovnoscydmus. The state of preservation does not allow for detailed comparisons, but this specimen is valuable because of the thick bristles visible on the right temple. Even in extant species of Glandulariini the bristles on the head and sides of prothorax may be difficult to observe under light microscopes, especially when they are short, mixed with 'regular' setae or sparse; sometimes they are partly broken off. The presence of bristles, within Scydmaeninae restricted to certain genera of Glandulariini, is treated as an important character state and whenever possible, it should be illustrated and described in fossils to facilitate further taxonomic or phylogenetic study.
description: Published as part of Jałoszyński, Paweł & Perkovsky, Evgeny, 2016, Diversity of Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in Upper Eocene Rovno amber, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 4157 (1) on pages 48-51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4157.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/262413
Federal Pandemic Unemployment Compensation (FPUC) and Consumption: A Look into Welfare during COVID-19
Creators: name: Lauren Gilbert
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: COVID-19 shocked the world and the economy beginning in March 2020. The primary American policy response was the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES), which included Federal Pandemic Unemployment Compensation (FPUC) benefits. FPUC provided a $600 and later $300 bonus on top of state unemployment insurance (UI). To date, little research has emerged exploring the impact of this intervention. Historically, consumers have a high marginal propensity to consume UI and recession benefits, and FPUC benefits had a much higher replacement rate than any previous UI. However, unlike previous recessions, the pandemic disrupted the economy in novel ways, including lockdowns and shutdowns. This paper seeks to identify how the second round of FPUC benefits affected spending amongst North Carolina counties. The counties are categorized into groups based on unemployment indicators, geographical regions, and the industries that compose most of the counties’ economies. The data is deidentified bank data collected by Opportunity Insights aggregated and reported as a percent change in spending since January 2020. Using an event study, presented in graphs and regression tables, this thesis observes the variation in spending as a function with policy implementation dates as the treatment for each group. This thesis concludes that FPUC benefits bolstered spending in North Carolina, particularly in economically vulnerable counties. When the second round of bonuses took place, counties with the highest unemployment rates had the highest increase in spending trends and tourism dependent counties saw the greatest jump in spending. Additionally, this paper finds industry subsector reliance is the biggest predictor of FPUC sensitivity. Based on these findings, future evaluation would benefit by categorizing units of study by industry, and future policy should consider larger amounts of unemployment insurance for expedited economic recovery.
The ACA’s Medicaid Expansion and Emergency Medical Services: Blessing or Burden?
Creators: name: Lambert, Harry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Since the turn of the century, Emergency Medical Services (EMS) in the United States have become increasingly strained, as a combination of rising demand and supply constraints have pressured the system. Although it was not a primary aim of the law, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 partially addressed this burdened system, particularly through the expansion of the Medicaid program. This component was designed to provide low-income Americans with access to primary care and divert them from the emergency care system for non-serious medical concerns. Although there is a substantial body of evidence examining the effect of the law in hospital emergency departments (EDs), there is less evidence about the effect on the pre-hospital emergency medical system. I attempt to address this knowledge gap, asking what effect the ACA’s Medicaid expansion had on EMS workload. I used national EMS data to create a pre- and post-expansion comparison group. Using the length of individual assignments – call times – as a proxy for unit workload, I compared call times between the pre- and post-expansion groups. I found a statistically significant increase in overall call times, as well as in on-scene and transportation times. I conducted a subsequent sensitivity analysis by census division to understand possible regional variation. I conclude that call times and thus EMS workload have increased during the study period, leading to worsening strain on the EMS system and additional burdens for American communities.
The lifespan method as a tool to study criticality in absorbing-state phase transitions
Creators: name: Mata, Angélica S.
name: Boguñá, Marian
name: Castellano, Claudio
name: Pastor-Satorras, Romualdo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent work, a new numerical method (the lifespan method) has been introduced to study the critical properties of epidemic processes on complex networks [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{111}, 068701 (2013)]. Here, we present a detailed analysis of the viability of this method for the study of the critical properties of generic absorbing-state phase transitions in lattices. Focusing on the well understood case of the contact process, we develop a finite-size scaling theory to measure the critical point and its associated critical exponents. We show the validity of the method by studying numerically the contact process on a one-dimensional lattice and comparing the findings of the lifespan method with the standard quasi-stationary method. We find that the lifespan method gives results that are perfectly compatible with those of quasi-stationary simulations and with analytical results. Our observations confirm that the lifespan method is a fully legitimate tool for the study of the critical properties of absorbing phase transitions in regular lattices.