cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Taming Resource Heterogeneity In Distributed ML Training With Dynamic Batching
Creators: name: Tyagi, Sahil
name: Sharma, Prateek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current techniques and systems for distributed model training mostly assume that clusters are comprised of homogeneous servers with a constant resource availability. However, cluster heterogeneity is pervasive in computing infrastructure, and is a fundamental characteristic of low-cost transient resources (such as EC2 spot instances). In this paper, we develop a dynamic batching technique for distributed data-parallel training that adjusts the mini-batch sizes on each worker based on its resource availability and throughput. Our mini-batch controller seeks to equalize iteration times on all workers, and facilitates training on clusters comprised of servers with different amounts of CPU and GPU resources. This variable mini-batch technique uses proportional control and ideas from PID controllers to find stable mini-batch sizes. Our empirical evaluation shows that dynamic batching can reduce model training times by more than 4x on heterogeneous clusters.
Additional file 1 of Is MIStreatment of women during facility-based childbirth an independent risk factor for POstpartum Depression in Ethiopia and Guinea? A mixed methods prospective study protocol—MISPOD study
Creators: name: Asefa, Anteneh
name: Gebremedhin, Samson
name: Delamou, Alexandre
name: Marchal, Bruno
name: Benová, Lenka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Questionnaire for women’s survey during pregnancy.
Spitzer IRS Observations of Titan as a Precursor to JWST MIRI Observations
Creators: name: Coy, Brandon Park
name: Nixon, Conor A.
name: Rowe-Gurney, Naomi
name: Achterberg, Richard
name: Lombardo, Nicholas A.
name: Fletcher, Leigh N.
name: Irwin, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present, for the first time, infrared spectra of Titan from the Spitzer Space Telescope ($2004-2009$). The data are from both the short wavelength-low resolution (SL, $5.13-14.29\mathrm{μm}, R\sim60-127$) and short wavelength-high resolution channels (SH, $9.89 - 19.51\mathrm{μm}, R\sim600$) showing the emissions of CH$_{4}$, C$_{2}$H$_{2}$, C$_{2}$H$_{4}$, C$_{2}$H$_{6}$, C$_{3}$H$_{4}$, C$_{3}$H$_{6}$, C$_{3}$H$_{8}$, C$_{4}$H$_{2}$, HCN, HC$_{3}$N, and CO$_{2}$. We compare the results obtained for Titan from Spitzer to those of the Cassini Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) for the same time period, focusing on the $16.35-19.35\mathrm{μm}$ wavelength range observed by the SH channel but impacted by higher noise levels in CIRS observations. We use the SH data to provide estimated haze extinction cross-sections for the $16.67-17.54\mathrm{μm}$ range that are missing in previous studies. We conclude by identifying spectral features in the $16.35-19.35\mathrm{μm}$ wavelength range, including two prominent emission features at 16.39 and $17.35\mathrm{μm}$, that could be analyzed further through upcoming James Webb Space Telescope Cycle 1 observations with the Mid-Infrared Instrument ($5.0-28.3\mathrm{μm}, R\sim1500-3500$). We also highlight gaps in current spectroscopic knowledge of molecular bands, including candidate trace species such as C$_{60}$ and detected trace species such as C$_{3}$H$_{6}$, that could be addressed by theoretical and laboratory study.
description: Accepted to Planetary Science Journal April 28, 2023
Robust engineering of maximally entangled states by identical particle interferometry
Creators: name: Piccolini, Matteo
name: Giovannetti, Vittorio
name: Franco, Rosario Lo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a procedure for the robust preparation of maximally entangled states of identical fermionic qubits, studying the role played by particle statistics in the process. The protocol exploits externally activated noisy channels to reset the system to a known state. The subsequent interference effects generated at a beam splitter result in a mixture of maximally entangled Bell states and NOON states. We also discuss how every maximally entangled state of two fermionic qubits distributed over two spatial modes can be obtained from one another by fermionic passive optical transformations. Using a pseudospin-insensitive, non-absorbing, parity check detector, the proposed technique is thus shown to deterministically prepare any arbitrary maximally entangled state of two identical fermions. These results extend recent findings related to bosonic qubits. Finally, we analyze the performance of the protocol for both bosons and fermions when the externally activated noisy channels are not used and the two qubits undergo standard types of noise. The results supply further insights towards viable strategies for noise-protected entanglement exploitable in quantum-enhanced technologies.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Where the Blame Lies
Creators: name: Halevy, Nir
name: Maoz, Ifat
name: Vani, Preeti
name: Reit, Emily
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: American Politics
subject: Race and Ethnicity
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: International Relations
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Abstract from the published paper: Whom do individuals blame for intergroup conflict? Do people attribute responsibility for intergroup conflict to the in-group or the out-group? Theoretically integrating the literatures on intergroup relations, moral psychology, and judgment and decision-making, we propose that unpacking a group into its constituent subgroups increases perceived support for the view that the unpacked group shoulders more of the blame for intergroup conflict. Five preregistered experiments (N = 3,335 adults) found support for this novel hypothesis across three distinct intergroup conflicts: the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, current racial tensions between White people and Black people in the United States, and the gender gap in wages in the United States. Our findings (a) highlight the independent roles that entrenched social identities and cognitive-presentation-based processes play in shaping blame judgments, (b) demonstrate that the effect of unpacking groups generalizes across partisans and nonpartisans, and (c) illustrate how constructing packed versus unpacked sets of potential perpetrators can critically shape where the blame lies.
Effects of Ozone Levels on Climate Through Earth History
Creators: name: Deitrick, Russell
name: Goldblatt, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular oxygen in our atmosphere has increased from less than a part per million in the Archean Eon, to a fraction of a percent in the Proterozoic, and finally to modern levels during the Phanerozoic. The ozone layer formed with the early Proterozoic oxygenation. While oxygen itself has only minor radiative and climatic effects, the accompanying ozone has important consequences for Earth climate. Using the Community Earth System Model (CESM), a 3-D general circulation model, we test the effects of various levels of ozone on Earth's climate. When CO2 is held constant, the global mean surface temperature decreases with decreasing ozone, with a maximum drop of ~3.5 K at near total ozone removal. By supplementing our GCM results with 1-D radiative flux calculations, we are able to test which changes to the atmosphere are responsible for this temperature change. We find that the surface temperature change is caused mostly by the stratosphere being much colder when ozone is absent; this makes it drier, substantially weakening the greenhouse effect. We also examine the effect of the structure of the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere on the formation of clouds, and on the global circulation. At low ozone, both high and low clouds become more abundant, due to changes in the tropospheric stability. These generate opposing short-wave and long-wave radiative forcings that are nearly equal. The Hadley circulation and tropospheric jet streams are strengthened, while the stratospheric polar jets are weakened, the latter being a direct consequence of the change in stratospheric temperatures. This work identifies the major climatic impacts of ozone, an important piece of the evolution of Earth's atmosphere.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication at Climate of the Past
title: Can apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values contribute to assess the extra capsular extension (ECE) of prostate cancer?
Creators: name: Manabe, Tomoko
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Pelvis
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Neoplasia

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Japan has the second highest life expectancy in the world, and the growing elderly population has led to an increase in the number of cases of prostate cancer. Patients with pathologic ECE tend to have relatively worse 10-year disease-free survival...
Supplementary document for A nonlocal metasurface for circularly polarized light detection - 6163618.pdf
Creators: name: Hong, Jiho
name: van de Groep, Jorik
name: Lee, Nayeun
name: Kim, Soo Jin
name: Lalanne, Philippe
name: Kik, Pieter
name: Brongersma, Mark
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary information
title: Feasibility of magnetic resonance elastography using myofascial phantom model
Creators: name: Kang, Hyo Jung
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Image verification
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR
subject: Elastography
subject: Musculoskeletal system

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is relatively advancement in MRI imaging, which includes phase contrast and tissue stiffness images. The concept of shear wave is used to produce images of MRE. The process is simple, just only needed external...
The mechanism of the irradiation synergistic effect of Silicon bipolar junction transistors explained by multiscale simulations of Monte Carlo and excited-state first-principle calculations
Creators: name: Yang, Zeng-hui
name: Liu, Yang
name: An, Ning
name: Chen, Xingyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron and $γ$-ray irradiation damages to transistors are found to be non-additive, and this is denoted as the irradiation synergistic effect (ISE). Its mechanism is not well-understood. The recent defect-based model [ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. 2, 3783 (2020)] for Silicon bipolar junction transistors (BJT) achieve quantitative agreement with experiments, but its assumptions on the defect reactions are unverified. Going beyond the model requires directly representing the effect of $γ$-ray irradiation in first-principles calculations, which is not feasible previously. In this work, we examine the defect-based model of the ISE by developing a multiscale method for the simulation of the $γ$-ray irradiation, where the $γ$-ray-induced electronic excitations are treated explicitly in excited-state first-principles calculations. We find the calculations agree with experiments, and the effect of the $γ$-ray-induced excitation is significantly different from the effects of defect charge state and temperature. We propose a diffusion-based qualitative explanation of the mechanism of positive/negative ISE in NPN/PNP BJTs in the end.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Accepted by J. Chem. Phys
Radiative transfer modeling of the enigmatic scattering polarization in the solar NaI D1 line
Creators: name: Belluzzi, Luca
name: Bueno, Javier Trujillo
name: Degl'Innocenti, Egidio Landi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The modeling of the peculiar scattering polarization signals observed in some diagnostically important solar resonance lines requires the consideration of the detailed spectral structure of the incident radiation field as well as the possibility of ground level polarization, along with the atom's hyperfine structure and quantum interference between hyperfine F-levels pertaining either to the same fine structure J-level, or to different J-levels of the same term. Here we present a theoretical and numerical approach suitable for solving this complex non-LTE radiative transfer problem. This approach is based on the density-matrix metalevel theory (where each level is viewed as a continuous distribution of sublevels) and on accurate formal solvers of the transfer equations and efficient iterative methods. We show an application to the D-lines of NaI, with emphasis on the enigmatic D1 line, pointing out the observable signatures of the various physical mechanisms considered. We demonstrate that the linear polarization observed in the core of the D1 line may be explained by the effect that one gets when the detailed spectral structure of the anisotropic radiation responsible for the optical pumping is taken into account. This physical ingredient is capable of introducing significant scattering polarization in the core of the NaI D1 line without the need for ground-level polarization.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
title: The association between lumbar rib and lumbosacral transitional vertebrae
Creators: name: Nakajima, Aya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Forensics
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Musculoskeletal spine

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the incidences of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV: lumbarization and sacralization) and rib anomalies (lumbar ribs and agenesis of 12th ribs), and to find out their morphologic relevance by use of the...
Optical Truss Interferometer for the LISA Telescope
Creators: name: Jersey, Kylan
name: Harley-Trochimczyk, Ian
name: Zhang, Yanqi
name: Guzman, Felipe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LISA telescopes must exhibit an optical path length stability of $\frac{\mathrm{pm}}{\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}}$ in the mHz observation band to meet mission requirements. The optical truss interferometer is a proposed method to aid in the ground testing of the telescopes, as well as a risk-mitigation plan for the flight units. This consists of three Fabry-Perot cavities mounted to the telescope which are used to monitor structural displacements. We have designed and developed a fiber-based cavity injection system that integrates fiber components, mode-matching optics, and a cavity input mirror into a compact input stage. The input stages, paired with return mirror stages, can be mounted to the telescope to form the optical truss cavities. We performed a thorough sensitivity analysis using various simulation methods to support the fabrication and assembly of three first-generation prototype cavities, each of which exhibited a satisfactory performance based on our models.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, 13 pdf figures attached
title: Radiologiavirtual.org, a free-access radiology virtual learning community since 2005
Creators: name: Sendra Portero, Francisco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: eLearning
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: To introduce radiologiavirtual.org, an international portal for continued education in radiology, in Spanish and the other official languages of the Inter-American College of Radiology (CIR) on the Internet. To analyse the activity generated by...
How Do ConvNets Understand Image Intensity?
Creators: name: Kaunismaa, Jackson
name: Guerzhoy, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets) usually rely on edge/shape information to classify images. Visualization methods developed over the last decade confirm that ConvNets rely on edge information. We investigate situations where the ConvNet needs to rely on image intensity in addition to shape. We show that the ConvNet relies on image intensity information using visualization.
title: MRI and FDG-PET-CT to assess the resectability after chemoradiation of primary irresectable cervical cancer: study update
Creators: name: Delrue, Louke
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Oncology
subject: PET-CT
subject: MR
subject: Molecular imaging

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: In cervical cancer are theInternational Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages IIB to IVprimary irresectable (Fig.1), chemoradiation (CRT) is the standard treatment 1 . A randomized trial showed that addition of extrafascial...
title: Lipofilling in the treatment of functional and aesthetic scars: efficacy of the procedure evaluated with CEUS. Preliminary results
Creators: name: Pozza, Simona
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Lipofilling is a surgical technique used by plastic surgeons for the treatment of functional and aesthetic skin scars and depressed areas. It consists in the transplant of centrifuged autologous subcutaneous adipose tissue (using the Coleman’s...
title: Contrast-enhanced MDCT follow-up of HCC treated by TACE with iodized oil: correlation between oil deposition and residual enhancement, and effect on interobserver agreement.
Creators: name: Zamboni, Giulia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Liver
subject: CT
subject: Chemoembolisation

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the recommended treatment for patients with asymptomatic, large, or multifocal HCC with no evidence of vascular invasion or extrahepatic spread at the time of presentation (ie, intermediate HCC, BCLC stage...
Exploring the theatrical experience with the playwright as director
Creators: name: Maule, Allan Terry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: This study is based upon the production of Framing the Shot, an original play written and directed by Allan Terry Maule, performed in February 2006 in Studio Six of Swain Hall on the campus of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. This project examines how the dual status of a playwright/director affects the production. Specifically this study examines a.) relevant literature concerning the playwright's role in rehearsal and b.) the development of a performance under a playwright/director.
title: Introduction of contrast agent in clinical mammography: a comparison between CESM vs breast MR magnetic resonance? Initial experience on the evaluation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Creators: name: Ravaioli, Sara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Oncology
subject: Mammography
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: Neoplasia

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a treatment given to a patient with breast cancer before the surgical operation. The aim of this treatment is to shrink the tumour to allow the surgical operation, if the tumour would be inoperable in its state, or to...
Additional file 2 of Is MIStreatment of women during facility-based childbirth an independent risk factor for POstpartum Depression in Ethiopia and Guinea? A mixed methods prospective study protocol—MISPOD study
Creators: name: Asefa, Anteneh
name: Gebremedhin, Samson
name: Delamou, Alexandre
name: Marchal, Bruno
name: Benová, Lenka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Questionnaire for women’s survey during the postpartum period.
Curvature and complexity: Better lower bounds for geodesically convex optimization
Creators: name: Criscitiello, Christopher
name: Boumal, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the query complexity of geodesically convex (g-convex) optimization on a manifold. To isolate the effect of that manifold's curvature, we primarily focus on hyperbolic spaces. In a variety of settings (smooth or not; strongly g-convex or not; high- or low-dimensional), known upper bounds worsen with curvature. It is natural to ask whether this is warranted, or an artifact. For many such settings, we propose a first set of lower bounds which indeed confirm that (negative) curvature is detrimental to complexity. To do so, we build on recent lower bounds (Hamilton and Moitra, 2021; Criscitiello and Boumal, 2022) for the particular case of smooth, strongly g-convex optimization. Using a number of techniques, we also secure lower bounds which capture dependence on condition number and optimality gap, which was not previously the case. We suspect these bounds are not optimal. We conjecture optimal ones, and support them with a matching lower bound for a class of algorithms which includes subgradient descent, and a lower bound for a related game. Lastly, to pinpoint the difficulty of proving lower bounds, we study how negative curvature influences (and sometimes obstructs) interpolation with g-convex functions.
description: v1 to v2: Renamed the method of Rusciano 2019 from "center-of-gravity method" to "centerpoint method"
title: Preoperative Embolization of Sacral Tumors:Embolization of the Middle Sacral Artery
Creators: name: long, jin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Embolisation
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Surgical management is considered to be an effective theraphy in patients with sacral tumors causing pain or neurological deficit, can maintain pelvic stability and relieve or prevent compression of the nerve roots. [1]-[5] Preoperative embolization...
Computing with small quasigroups and loops
Creators: name: Nagy, Gábor P.
name: Vojtěchovský, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20N05

description: This is a companion to our lectures GAP and loops, to be delivered at the Workshops Loops 2007, Prague, Czech Republic. In the lectures we introduce the GAP package LOOPS, describe its capabilities, and explain in detail how to use it. In this paper we first outline the philosophy behind the package and its main features, and then we focus on three particular computational problems: construction of loop isomorphisms, classification of small Frattini Moufang loops of order 64, and the search for loops of nilpotency class higher than two with an abelian inner mapping group. In particular, this is not a user's manual for LOOPS, which can be downloaded from the distribution website of LOOPS.
TOOLKIT TO IMPROVE PROVIDER ADHERENCE TO METABOLIC MONITORING OF ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS FOR YOUTHS
Creators: name: Carpenter, Lindsey
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Problem: The use of atypical antipsychotic medications (AAPs) to treat bipolar and other mood disorders has increased in pediatric populations.  The potential metabolic side effects of these medications increase the risk of negative health outcomes.  Providers are aware of practice guidelines regarding these medications but fail to adhere to them.  Practice toolkits are quality-improvement interventions aimed at improving guideline compliance.
      Purpose: The purpose of this project was to implement a toolkit to increase adherence to guidelines for metabolic measures in patients aged 5-18 with a bipolar disorder taking an atypical antipsychotic.
      Methods: A toolkit containing necessary order, assessment, and documentation forms was deployed in an outpatient mental health office in North Carolina. Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles were conducted to guide implementation. Providers included a Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine, Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioners, and a Physician Assistant. Chart audits were conducted and compliance data was displayed as run charts compared to baseline data. Outcome measures included: completion of metabolic assessment, appropriate laboratory ordering, and completion of vital sign measurements.
      Results: Outcome measures showed improved adherence rates to monitoring vital signs, ordering appropriate labs, and performing a metabolic assessment.  These improvements varied among providers.
      Implications: While improvements occurred, there were still barriers to implementation such as lack of time.  Ongoing assessment of barriers is necessary to sustain the changes and to ensure consistent application of the guideline recommendations by all providers.
Additional file 4 of Is MIStreatment of women during facility-based childbirth an independent risk factor for POstpartum Depression in Ethiopia and Guinea? A mixed methods prospective study protocol—MISPOD study
Creators: name: Asefa, Anteneh
name: Gebremedhin, Samson
name: Delamou, Alexandre
name: Marchal, Bruno
name: Benová, Lenka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Interview guides for in-depth interviews with women.
Observational implications of cosmologically coupled black holes
Creators: name: Ghodla, Sohan
name: Easther, Richard
name: Briel, M. M.
name: Eldridge, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently suggested that "cosmologically coupled" black holes with masses that increase in proportion to the volume of the Universe might constitute the physical basis of dark energy. We take this claim at face value and discuss its potential astrophysical implications. We show that the gravitational wave emission in binary systems would be significantly enhanced so that the number of black hole mergers would exceed the observed rate by orders of magnitude, with typical masses much larger than those seen by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA network. Separately, if the mass growth happens at fixed angular momentum, the supermassive black holes in matter-deficient elliptical galaxies should be slowly rotating. Finally, cosmological coupling would stabilize small black holes against Hawking radiation-induced evaporation.
description: 11 Pages, 5 Figures, Matches Accepted version
Formation of spanwise vorticity in oblique turbulent bands of transitional plane Couette flow, part 2: modelling and stability analysis
Creators: name: Rolland, Joran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article presents a modelling of the formation of spanwise vorticity in the turbulent streaks of the oblique bands and spots of transitional plane Couette flow. A functional model is designed to mimic the coherent flow in the streaks. The control parameters of the model are extracted from Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) statistical data. A Reynolds stress is proposed to study the effect on the instability of this additional force maintaining the baseflow. Local (quasi-parallel) temporal stability analysis is performed on that model to investigate the linear development of the spanwise vorticity. Results show that average profiles, even if they have an inflection, are stable: the shear layers inside the velocity streaks are responsible for the vorticity formation. Emphasis is put on the convective or absolute nature of the instability, depending on the location in the band. This shows that a transition from a convective to an absolute instability occurs in the zone in between fully turbulent and laminar flow. The group velocity of the most unstable modes compare well to the advection velocity of spanwise vorticity measured in DNS. This investigation is completed by the global (non-parallel) stability analysis of a typical band case. Eventually, the possible cycles of sustainment of localised low Reynolds number turbulence of shear flows are discussed in the light of these results.
description: 22 pages, 16 pages, accepted in Eur. J. Mech. B: Fluid
A Survey of Some Density Based Clustering Techniques
Creators: name: Bhuyan, Rupanka
name: Borah, Samarjeet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Density Based Clustering are a type of Clustering methods using in data mining for extracting previously unknown patterns from data sets. There are a number of density based clustering methods such as DBSCAN, OPTICS, DENCLUE, VDBSCAN, DVBSCAN, DBCLASD and ST-DBSCAN. In this paper, a study of these methods is done along with their characteristics, advantages and disadvantages and most importantly, their applicability to different types of data sets to mine useful and appropriate patterns.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, conference paper
An Invitation to the Exotic: Ephemeral Art in Joseph Gilliers’s Le Cannaméliste français
Creators: name: Klos, Allison Elaine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: This thesis investigates the braid of exotic elements presented in Joseph Gilliers’s Le Cannaméliste français, a confectionery dictionary published in Nancy, France in 1751. Using eighteenth-century definitions of the exotic as unknown or non-native, I analyze the thirteen illustrated plates within the context of decorative and ephemeral arts. These illustrations represent three different types of the exotic: the island exotic, the taxonomic exotic, and the rocaille exotic. The artist blurs these types of the exotic to heighten the curiosity of the eighteenth-century viewer. I analyze these confectionery plates and their relationship to the discursive formations of islands and empire, as well as to the classification of knowledge and the rocaille aesthetic. While the confectionery dictionary may appear as a mere how-to manual of sugar creations, the illustrations represent the complex designs and environments common to dining tables at the eighteenth-century courts of Europe.
title: Percutaneous ultrasound-guided thrombin injection for the treatment of pseudoaneurisms
Creators: name: Viteri, Guillermo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Kidney

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: Iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm is one of the most common complication secondary to percutaneous catheterization. Nowadays US-guided thrombin injection is the technique of choice for the treatment of pseudoaneurysms. The main objective is to learn this...
Beyond the excised ensemble: modelling elliptic curve L-functions with random matrices
Creators: name: Cooper, Ian A.
name: Morris, Patrick W.
name: Snaith, Nina C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The `excised ensemble', a random matrix model for the zeros of quadratic twist families of elliptic curve $L$-functions, was introduced by Dueñez, Huynh, Keating, Miller and Snaith. The excised model is motivated by a formula for central values of these $L$-functions in a paper by Kohnen and Zagier. This formula indicates that for a finite set of $L$-functions from a family of quadratic twists, the central values are all either zero or are greater than some positive cutoff. The excised model imposes this same condition on the central values of characteristic polynomials of matrices from $SO(2N)$. Strangely, the cutoff on the characteristic polynomials that results in a convincing model for the $L$-function zeros is significantly smaller than that which we would obtain by naively transferring Kohnen and Zagier's cutoff to the $SO(2N)$ ensemble. In this current paper we investigate a modification to the excised model. It lacks the simplicity of the original excised ensemble, but it serves to explain the reason for the unexpectedly low cutoff in the original excised model. Additionally, the distribution of central $L$-values is `choppier' than the distribution of characteristic polynomials, in the sense that it is a superposition of a series of peaks: the characteristic polynomial distribution is a smooth approximation to this. The excised model didn't attempt to incorporate these successive peaks, only the initial cutoff. Here we experiment with including some of the structure of the $L$-value distribution. The conclusion is that a critical feature of a good model is to associate the correct mass to the first peak of the $L$-value distribution.
title: Instructed or patient-initiated breath holds; what do the patients prefer?
Creators: name: Funk, Eva
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Technology assessment
subject: MR
subject: Abdomen
subject: Artifacts

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate patient experiences and preferences of two different breath-hold techniques used in an MRI examination. In clinical practice it is common that MR examination protocols include image acquisitions where the...
Quantum Monte Carlo Simulations of Tunneling in Quantum Adiabatic Optimization
Creators: name: Brady, Lucas T.
name: van Dam, Wim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore to what extent path-integral quantum Monte Carlo methods can efficiently simulate the tunneling behavior of quantum adiabatic optimization algorithms. Specifically we look at symmetric cost functions defined over n bits with a single potential barrier that a successful optimization algorithm will have to tunnel through. The height and width of this barrier depend on n, and by tuning these dependencies, we can make the optimization algorithm succeed or fail in polynomial time. In this article we compare the strength of quantum adiabatic tunneling with that of path-integral quantum Monte Carlo methods. We find numerical evidence that quantum Monte Carlo algorithms will succeed in the same regimes where quantum adiabatic optimization succeeds.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 3 of Is MIStreatment of women during facility-based childbirth an independent risk factor for POstpartum Depression in Ethiopia and Guinea? A mixed methods prospective study protocol—MISPOD study
Creators: name: Asefa, Anteneh
name: Gebremedhin, Samson
name: Delamou, Alexandre
name: Marchal, Bruno
name: Benová, Lenka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3A and 3B: Interview guides for in-depth interviews with key-informants.
title: Ischiofemoral impingement: spectrum of findings
Creators: name: Thomas, Alona
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dysplasias
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: eLearning
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Musculoskeletal joint

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Ischiofemoral impingement (IFI) is a rare cause of hip pain that is due to an abnormal contact between the lesser trochanter of the femur and the ischium. This is the result of a narrowing of the ischiofemoral space, leading to muscular, tendon and...
Quantum metric nonlinear Hall effect in a topological antiferromagnetic heterostructure
Creators: name: Gao, Anyuan
name: Liu, Yu-Fei
name: Qiu, Jian-Xiang
name: Ghosh, Barun
name: Trevisan, Thaís V.
name: Onishi, Yugo
name: Hu, Chaowei
name: Qian, Tiema
name: Tien, Hung-Ju
name: Chen, Shao-Wen
name: Huang, Mengqi
name: Bérubé, Damien
name: Li, Houchen
name: Tzschaschel, Christian
name: Dinh, Thao
name: Sun, Zhe
name: Ho, Sheng-Chin
name: Lien, Shang-Wei
name: Singh, Bahadur
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Bell, David C.
name: Lin, Hsin
name: Chang, Tay-Rong
name: Du, Chunhui Rita
name: Bansil, Arun
name: Fu, Liang
name: Ni, Ni
name: Orth, Peter P.
name: Ma, Qiong
name: Xu, Su-Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum geometry - the geometry of electron Bloch wavefunctions - is central to modern condensed matter physics. Due to the quantum nature, quantum geometry has two parts, the real part quantum metric and the imaginary part Berry curvature. The studies of Berry curvature have led to countless breakthroughs, ranging from the quantum Hall effect in 2DEGs to the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in ferromagnets. However, in contrast to Berry curvature, the quantum metric has rarely been explored. Here, we report a new nonlinear Hall effect induced by quantum metric by interfacing even-layered MnBi2Te4 (a PT-symmetric antiferromagnet (AFM)) with black phosphorus. This novel nonlinear Hall effect switches direction upon reversing the AFM spins and exhibits distinct scaling that suggests a non-dissipative nature. Like the AHE brought Berry curvature under the spotlight, our results open the door to discovering quantum metric responses. Moreover, we demonstrate that the AFM can harvest wireless electromagnetic energy via the new nonlinear Hall effect, therefore enabling intriguing applications that bridges nonlinear electronics with AFM spintronics.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures and a Supplementary Materials with 66 pages, 4 figures and 3 tables. Originally submitted to Science on Oct. 5, 2022
title: Artifact analysis in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT)
Creators: name: Torresin, Alberto
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Mammography
subject: Physics
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Artifacts

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is a three dimensional imaging technique. In DBT projection images are acquired over a limited angular extent (usually less than 60 degrees) and than planar images are reconstructed [1]. The presence of artifacts...
A scoop from groups: Equational foundations for loops
Creators: name: Phillips, J. D.
name: Vojtěchovský, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20N05, 03C05

description: Groups are usually axiomatized as algebras with an associative binary operation, a two-sided neutral element, and with two-sided inverses. We show in this note that the same simplicity of axioms can be achieved for some of the most important varieties of loops. In particular, we investigate loops of Bol-Moufang type in the underlying variety of magmas with two-sided inverses, and obtain "group-like" equational bases for Moufang, Bol and C-loops. We also discuss the case when the inverses are only one-sided and/or the neutral element is only one-sided.
Unlocking the Inaccessible Energy Density of Sodium Vanadium Fluorophosphate Electrode Materials by Transition Metal Mixing
Creators: name: van der Lubbe, Stephanie C. C.
name: Wang, Ziliang
name: Lee, Damien K. J.
name: Canepa, Pieremanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sodium (Na) vanadium (V) fluorophosphate $\mathrm{Na_xV_2(PO_4)_2F_3}$ (NVPF) is a highly attractive intercalation electrode material due to its high operation voltage, large capacity, and long cycle life. However, several issues limit the full utilization of NVPF's energy density: 1) the high voltage plateau associated with extracting the "third" Na ion in the reaction N$_1$VPF $\rightarrow$ VPF (~4.9 V vs Na/Na$^+$) appears above the electrochemical stability window of most practical electrolytes (~4.5 V); 2) a sudden drop in Na-ion diffusivity is observed near composition $\mathrm{Na_1V_2(PO_4)_2F_3}$. Therefore, it is important to investigate the potential substitution of V by other transition metals in NVPF derivatives, which can access the extraction of the third Na-ion. In this work, we investigate the partial substitution of V with molybdenum (Mo), niobium (Nb), or tungsten (W) in NVPF to improve its energy density. We examine the structural and electrochemical behaviors of $\mathrm{Na_xV_{2-y}Mo_y(PO_4)_2F_3}$, $\mathrm{Na_xV_{2-y}Nb_y(PO_4)_2F_3}$, and $\mathrm{Na_xW_{2}(PO_4)_2F_3}$ across the whole Na composition region of 0 $\leq$ x $\leq$ 4, and at various transition metal substitution levels, namely, y=0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 for Mo, and y=1.0, 2.0 for Nb. We find that partial substitution of 50% V by Mo in NVPF reduces the voltage plateau for extracting the third Na ion by 0.6 Volts, which enables further Na extraction from $\mathrm{Na_1Mo_{2}(PO_4)_2F_3}$ and increases the theoretical gravimetric capacity from ~128 to ~174 mAh/g. Analysis of the migration barriers for Na-ions in $\mathrm{Na_xVMo(PO_4)_2F_3}$ unveils improved kinetic properties over NVPF. The proposed $\mathrm{Na_xVMo(PO_4)_2F_3}$ material provides an optimal gravimetric energy density of ~577.3 Wh/kg versus ~507 Wh/kg for the pristine NVPF, which amounts to an increase of ~13.9%.
title: Value of virtual colonoscopy in the prediction of surgical management of patients with rectal endometriosis.
Creators: name: Da Costa, Carla
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Colonography CT
subject: CT
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Deep pelvic endometriosis is a chronic and disabling disease, which affects young premenopausal active women. Intestinal location of endometriosis mainly affects the rectum or the sigmoid colon [1] and is regarded as one of the most severe form of...
Relationship between children's involvement in consumer culture and depressive symptomatology
Creators: name: Poole, Michelle Leigh
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Children who are more involved in consumer culture have shown symptoms of depression and a dislike for school. Emotional distress has been a factor in decreased academic performance. Survey research was used to describe the extent that variation in children's depressive symptomatology could be explained by the child's involvement in consumer culture. The study included 59 elementary and middle school students enrolled in after-school programs. Children responded to items from the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and Youth Materialism Scale. Only 3% of variation in children's depressive symptomatology could be explained by their involvement in consumer culture. No relationship was found between depressive symptomatology and consumer culture involvement. Examination of the residuals indicated that the model was appropriate for this sample. Differences between this study and other studies that have found a relationship between the variables are discussed. Future research would include additional and different measures for depressive symptomatology.
Symmetry constraints on the elastoresistivity tensor
Creators: name: Shapiro, M. C.
name: Hlobil, Patrik
name: Hristov, A. T.
name: Maharaj, Akash V.
name: Fisher, I. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The elastoresistivity tensor $m_{ij,kl}$ characterizes changes in a material's resistivity due to strain. As a fourth-rank tensor, elastoresistivity can be a uniquely useful probe of the symmetries and character of the electronic state of a solid. We present a symmetry analysis of $m_{ij,kl}$ (both in the presence and absence of a magnetic field) based on the crystalline point group, focusing for pedagogic purposes on the $D_{4h}$ point group (of relevance to several materials of current interest). We also discuss the relation between $m_{ij,kl}$ and various thermodynamic susceptibilities, particularly where they are sensitive to critical fluctuations proximate to a critical point at which a point group symmetry is spontaneously broken.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure