cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MOESM3 of A multivariate analysis with direct additive and inbreeding depression load effects
Creators: name: Varona, Luis
name: Altarriba, Juan
name: Moreno, Carlos
name: Martínez-Castillero, María
name: Casellas, Joaquim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Evolution of the number of inbred and non-inbred individuals and the average percentage of inbreeding from 1975 to 2017 in the Pirenaica Breed.
Threshold Effects in Transition to Organic Dairy Production
Creators: name: Delbridge, Timothy A.
name: Delbridge, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: organic farming
subject: threshold model
subject: supply hysteresis
subject: dairy production

description: Despite dramatic increases in retail demand for organic milk and steadily increasing organic milk prices over the past 15 years, transition from conventional to organic dairy production has been unsteady. In some years supply has not met demand, leading to shortages of organic milk, and in other years organic dairy processors have been forced to sell organic milk in the conventional market. Following the theory of investment under uncertainty we estimate the organic transition response of dairy producers to feed and milk prices while allowing for distinct regimes of investment, disinvestment, and inaction. Using a threshold estimation technique developed for panel data we estimate the threshold values that define these regimes. We find some support for a discontinuity in the organic transition response, though a double threshold model, including a sluggish transition regime, is rejected.
Characteristic radii of the Milky Way Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Piatti, Andrés E.
name: Webb, Jeremy
name: Carlberg, Raymond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the extent of the effects of the Milky Way's gravitational field in shaping the structural parameters and internal dynamics of its globular cluster population. We make use of a homogeneous, up-to-date data set with kinematics, structural properties, current and initial masses of 156 globular clusters. In general, cluster radii increase as the Milky Way potential weakens; with the core and Jacobi radii being those which increase at the slowest and fastest rate respectively. We interpret this result as the innermost regions of globular clusters being less sensitive to changes in the tidal forces with the Galactocentric distance. The Milky Way's gravitational field also seems to have differentially accelerated the internal dynamical evolution of individual clusters, with those toward the bulge appearing dynamically older. Finally we find a sub-population consisting of both compact and extended globular clusters (as defined by their rh/rJ ratio) beyond 8 kpc that appear to have lost a large fraction of their initial mass lost via disruption. Moreover, we identify a third group with rh/rJ > 0.4, which have lost an even larger fraction of their initial mass by disruption. In both cases the high fraction of mass lost is likely due to their large orbital eccentricities and inclination angles, which lead to them experiencing more tidal shocks at perigalacticon and during disc crossings. Comparing the structural and orbital parameters of individual clusters allows for constraints to be placed on whether or not their evolution was relaxation or tidally dominated.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Gap evolution in nu=1/2 bilayer quantum Hall systems
Creators: name: Nomura, Kentaro
name: Yoshioka, Daijiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fractional quantum Hall states in bilayer system at total filling fraction $ν=1/2$ are examined numerically under some ranges of the layer separation and interlayer tunneling. It is shown that the ground state changes continuously from two-component state to one-component state as the interlayer tunneling rate is increased, while the lowest excited state changes discontinuously. This fact explains observed unusual behavior of the activation energy which reveals upward cusp as a function of interlayer tunneling. Some trial wave functions for the ground state and quasihole states are inspected.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 13 of Comparative transcriptome profiling of amyloid precursor protein family members in the adult cortex
Creators: name: Aydin, Dorothee
name: Filippov, Mikhail A
name: Jakob-Andreas Tschäpe
name: Gretz, Norbert
name: Prinz, Marco
name: Eils, Roland
name: Brors, Benedikt
name: Müller, Ulrike C
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Authors’ original file for figure 6
Quantum Memory Based on $Λ$-Atoms Ensemble with Two-Photon Resonance EIT
Creators: name: Li, Y.
name: Sun, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the $Λ$-atoms ensemble based quantum memory for the storage of the quantum information carried by a probe light field. Two atomic Rabi transitions of the ensemble are coupled to the quantum probe field and classical control field respectively with a same detuning. Making use of the hidden symmetry analysis developed recently for the on-resonance EIT case (Sun, Li, and Liu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 147903 (2003)), we show that the dark states and dark-state polaritons can still exist for the case of two-photon resonance EIT. Starting from these dark states we construct a complete class of eigen-states of the total system. A explicit form of the adiabatic condition is also given in order to achieve the memory and retrieve of quantum information.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
MOESM4 of A multivariate analysis with direct additive and inbreeding depression load effects
Creators: name: Varona, Luis
name: Altarriba, Juan
name: Moreno, Carlos
name: Martínez-Castillero, María
name: Casellas, Joaquim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. Evolution of the number of inbred and non-inbred individuals and the average percentage of inbreeding from 1975 to 2017 in the Rubia Gallega Breed.
Additional file 3 of Deletion of both Dectin-1 and Dectin-2 affects the bacterial but not fungal gut microbiota and susceptibility to colitis in mice
Creators: name: Wang, Yazhou
name: Spatz, Madeleine
name: Da Costa, Gregory
name: Michaudel, Chloé
name: Lapiere, Alexia
name: Danne, Camille
name: Agus, Allison
name: Michel, Marie-Laure
name: Netea, Mihai G.
name: Langella, Philippe
name: Sokol, Harry
name: Richard, Mathias L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2.
Vector Meson Contributions in epsilon'/epsilon
Creators: name: Kundu, Anirban
name: Paschos, Emmanuel A.
name: Zhou, Yu-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CP violating parameter epsilon'/epsilon is computed using the low-energy dynamics of a chiral theory supplemented by vector resonances. The divergent contributions coming from strong pi-pi scattering are tamed by vector-meson exchange terms. This amounts to softening the fast growing high-energy behaviour of pi-pi scattering. The final result for epsilon'/epsilon shows a smooth dependence on the cut-off where low energy dynamics is matched with that of QCD.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures. published version
What Drives the Adoption of Clean Agricultural Technologies? An Ex Ante Assessment of Sustainable Biofuel Production in Southwestern Wisconsin
Creators: name: Mooney, Daniel F.
name: Barham, Bradford L.
name: Mooney, Daniel F.
name: Barham, Bradford L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: bioenergy
subject: contingent valuation
subject: corn stover
subject: linear characteristics
subject: switchgrass
subject: technology adoption and diffusion

description: This paper explores the farmer’s general decision to adopt a clean agricultural production technology and the particular role of pro-social behavior. We hypothesize that pro-social behavior may influence farmers’ individual valuation of clean technologies through two channels, their beliefs about the technology’s public benefits and their preferences for environmental quality. A linear characteristics model is developed to illustrate how a pro-social preference structure may lead to different adoption outcomes as compared to the standard profitmaximization framework. We test this possibility using mail survey data on ex ante bioenergy crop adoption in southwestern Wisconsin. The contingent valuation empirical strategy estimates farmers’ distribution of willingness-to-accept values (i.e., minimum biomass reservation prices) as a function of expected pro-social behavior, factors that constrain short-run technological change, and other standard adoption influences. We find that the observed heterogeneity in WTA values is partially and significantly explained by expected pro-social behavior.
Additional file 14 of Comparative transcriptome profiling of amyloid precursor protein family members in the adult cortex
Creators: name: Aydin, Dorothee
name: Filippov, Mikhail A
name: Jakob-Andreas Tschäpe
name: Gretz, Norbert
name: Prinz, Marco
name: Eils, Roland
name: Brors, Benedikt
name: Müller, Ulrike C
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Authors’ original file for figure 7
Does the Economy Explain the Explosion in the SNAP Caseload?
Creators: name: Danielson, Caroline
name: Klerman, Jacob Alex
name: Mejia, Marisol Cuellar
name: Danielson, Caroline
name: Klerman, Jacob Alex
name: Mejia, Marisol Cuellar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), which provides a monthly benefit to low-income families to help ensure an adequate and nutritious diet, has grown rapidly in recent years—by 50 percent in the seven years between 2000 and 2007 and by another 50 percent in the four years between 2007 and 2011—today serving 14 percent of the U.S. population. This paper makes three contributions to our understanding of the causes of this very rapid increase in the caseload: (i) extend the time period of analysis through and past the official end of the Great Recession, the most severe economic downturn since the Great Depression of the 1930s; (ii) analyze more geographically disaggregated caseloads and the impact of sub-state economic conditions; and (iii) relax the difference-in-differences assumption of common national year-to-year shifts allowing more robust estimates of the impact of the economy. Surprisingly, while one might have expected more geographically disaggregated data to improve the alignment of the measurement with the concept of interest (i.e., the labor market opportunities of an individual) and therefore lead to larger estimates of the impact of the economy, in fact estimates fall—perhaps due to measurement error. Indeed, in models that exploit sub-state level data, we find significant impacts of both the sub-state level and statewide economy on local area SNAP caseloads.
Shakhbazian compact galaxy groups. II. Photometric and spectroscopic study of ShCG 376
Creators: name: Tovmassian, Hrant M.
name: Tiersch, H.
name: Chavushyan, V. H.
name: Tovmassian, Gaghik H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of the redshift measurements and of the detailed surface photometry in BVR of the compact group ShCG 376 are presented. The radial velocity dispersion, the virial mass, the total luminosity, the M/L ratio, and the crossing time of the group are estimated. The group consists of eight accordant redshift spiral galaxies. Four (or possibly five) of the group members have emission-line spectra. Such morphological content and the number of emission-line galaxies are very atypical for compact galaxy groups. There are signs of interaction between some members of the group. It is suggested that the irregular shape of the brightest galaxy No. 4 is probably due to interaction with other members of the group, particularly, the emission line galaxy No. 6 with a discordant redshift (Delta v = 2600 km/s). It is speculated that the latter galaxy may be a infalling intruder to the group.
description: accepted A&A, 7 pages, 6 figures are in separate files
Application of Deep Learning in Generating Desired Design Options: Experiments Using Synthetic Training Dataset
Creators: name: Shaghaghian, Zohreh
name: Yan, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most design methods contain a forward framework, asking for primary specifications of a building to generate an output or assess its performance. However, architects urge for specific objectives though uncertain of the proper design parameters. Deep Learning (DL) algorithms provide an intelligent workflow in which the system can learn from sequential training experiments. This study applies a method using DL algorithms towards generating demanded design options. In this study, an object recognition problem is investigated to initially predict the label of unseen sample images based on training dataset consisting of different types of synthetic 2D shapes; later, a generative DL algorithm is applied to be trained and generate new shapes for given labels. In the next step, the algorithm is trained to generate a window/wall pattern for desired light/shadow performance based on the spatial daylight autonomy (sDA) metrics. The experiments show promising results both in predicting unseen sample shapes and generating new design options.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures, 1 table
Additional file 15 of Comparative transcriptome profiling of amyloid precursor protein family members in the adult cortex
Creators: name: Aydin, Dorothee
name: Filippov, Mikhail A
name: Jakob-Andreas Tschäpe
name: Gretz, Norbert
name: Prinz, Marco
name: Eils, Roland
name: Brors, Benedikt
name: Müller, Ulrike C
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Authors’ original file for figure 8
Additional file 2 of Contrast diversity patterns and processes of microbial community assembly in a river-lake continuum across a catchment scale in northwestern China
Creators: name: Tang, Xiangming
name: Xie, Guijuan
name: Shao, Keqiang
name: Hu, Yang
name: Cai, Jian
name: Bai, Chengrong
name: Gong, Yi
name: Gao, Guang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S2. Rarefaction curves of species richness along the percentage of normalized reads based on the smallest sample (23,965 reads) for samples in the upstream tributaries, the Kaidu River and Lake Bosten. Each vertical bar represents standard error. The curves reach saturation stage with increasing sequencing depth, indicating that the population capture most microbial (bacteria and archaea) members from each sampling type.
MOESM2 of A multivariate analysis with direct additive and inbreeding depression load effects
Creators: name: Varona, Luis
name: Altarriba, Juan
name: Moreno, Carlos
name: Martínez-Castillero, María
name: Casellas, Joaquim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Plot of the Gibbs Sampler chains for the inbreeding load variance in the Rubia Gallega Breed.
Resonant spin-flavor conversion of supernova neutrinos: Dependence on presupernova models and future prospects
Creators: name: Ando, Shin'ichiro
name: Sato, Katsuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the resonant spin-flavor (RSF) conversion of supernova neutrinos, which is induced by the interaction between the nonzero neutrino magnetic moment and the supernova magnetic fields, and its dependence on presupernova models. As the presupernova models, we adopt the latest ones by Woosley, Heger, and Weaver, and, further, models with both solar and zero metallicity are investigated. Since the $(1-2Y_e)$ profile of the new presupernova models, which is responsible for the RSF conversion, suddenly drops at the resonance region, the completely adiabatic RSF conversion is not realized, even if $μ_νB_0= (10^{-12}μ_B)(10^{10} G)$, where $B_0$ is the strength of the magnetic field at the surface of the iron core. In particular for the model with zero metallicity, the conversion is highly nonadiabatic in the high energy region, reflecting the $(1-2Y_e)$ profile of the model. In calculating the flavor conversion, we find that the shock wave propagation, which changes density profiles drastically, is a much more severe problem than it is for the pure Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein (MSW) conversion case. This is because the RSF effect occurs at a far deeper region than the MSW effect. To avoid the uncertainty concerning the shock propagation, we restrict our discussion to 0.5 s after the core bounce (and for more conservative discussion, 0.25 s), during which the shock wave is not expected to affect the RSF region. We also evaluate the energy spectrum at the Super-Kamiokande detector for various models using the calculated conversion probabilities, and find that it is very difficult to obtain useful information on the supernova metallicities and magnetic fields or on the neutrino magnetic moment from the supernova neutrino observation. Future prospects are also discussed.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, corrected minor typos, added reference. Final version to appear in Physical Review D
Additional file 17 of Comparative transcriptome profiling of amyloid precursor protein family members in the adult cortex
Creators: name: Aydin, Dorothee
name: Filippov, Mikhail A
name: Jakob-Andreas Tschäpe
name: Gretz, Norbert
name: Prinz, Marco
name: Eils, Roland
name: Brors, Benedikt
name: Müller, Ulrike C
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Authors’ original file for figure 10
MOESM1 of Malnutrition impairs mitochondrial function and leukocyte activation
Creators: name: Bañuls, Celia
name: Aranzazu Marañon
name: Veses, Silvia
name: Castro-Vega, Iciar
name: López-Domènech, Sandra
name: Salom-Vendrell, Christian
name: Orden, Samuel
name: Álvarez, Ángeles
name: Rocha, Milagros
name: Víctor, Víctor
name: Hernández-Mijares, Antonio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Flow Chart of the number of subjects throughout the study.
Additional file 19 of Comparative transcriptome profiling of amyloid precursor protein family members in the adult cortex
Creators: name: Aydin, Dorothee
name: Filippov, Mikhail A
name: Jakob-Andreas Tschäpe
name: Gretz, Norbert
name: Prinz, Marco
name: Eils, Roland
name: Brors, Benedikt
name: Müller, Ulrike C
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Authors’ original file for figure 12
Gauging Defects in Quantum Spin Systems
Creators: name: Bridgeman, Jacob C.
name: Hahn, Alexander
name: Osborne, Tobias J.
name: Wolf, Ramona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The goal of this work is to build a dynamical theory of defects for quantum spin systems. A kinematic theory for an indefinite number of defects is first introduced exploiting distinguishable Fock space. Dynamics are then incorporated by allowing the defects to become mobile via a microscopic Hamiltonian. This construction is extended to topologically ordered systems by restricting to the ground state eigenspace of Hamiltonians generalizing the golden chain. We illustrate the construction with the example of a spin chain with $\mathbf{Vec}(\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})$ fusion rules, employing generalized tube algebra techniques to model the defects in the chain. The resulting dynamical defect model is equivalent to the critical transverse Ising model.
Computational Complexity Measures of Multipartite Quantum Entanglement
Creators: name: Yamakami, Tomoyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We shed new light on entanglement measures in multipartite quantum systems by taking a computational-complexity approach toward quantifying quantum entanglement with two familiar notions--approximability and distinguishability. Built upon the formal treatment of partial separability, we measure the complexity of an entangled quantum state by determining (i) how hard to approximate it from a fixed classical state and (ii) how hard to distinguish it from all partially separable states. We further consider the Kolmogorovian-style descriptive complexity of approximation and distinction of partial entanglement.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of the 14th Annual International Conference on Algorithms and Computation, December 2003
Enhanced cosmic-ray flux toward zeta Persei inferred from laboratory study of H3+ - e- recombination rate
Creators: name: McCall, B. J.
name: Huneycutt, A. J.
name: Saykally, R. J.
name: Geballe, T. R.
name: Djuric, N.
name: Dunn, G. H.
name: Semaniak, J.
name: Novotny, O.
name: Al-Khalili, A.
name: Ehlerding, A.
name: Hellberg, F.
name: Kalhori, S.
name: Neau, A.
name: Thomas, R.
name: Osterdahl, F.
name: Larsson, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The H3+ molecular ion plays a fundamental role in interstellar chemistry, as it initiates a network of chemical reactions that produce many interstellar molecules. In dense clouds, the H3+ abundance is understood using a simple chemical model, from which observations of H3+ yield valuable estimates of cloud path length, density, and temperature. On the other hand, observations of diffuse clouds have suggested that H3+ is considerably more abundant than expected from the chemical models. However, diffuse cloud models have been hampered by the uncertain values of three key parameters: the rate of H3+ destruction by electrons, the electron fraction, and the cosmic-ray ionisation rate. Here we report a direct experimental measurement of the H3+ destruction rate under nearly interstellar conditions. We also report the observation of H3+ in a diffuse cloud (towards zeta Persei) where the electron fraction is already known. Taken together, these results allow us to derive the value of the third uncertain model parameter: we find that the cosmic-ray ionisation rate in this sightline is forty times faster than previously assumed. If such a high cosmic-ray flux is indeed ubiquitous in diffuse clouds, the discrepancy between chemical models and the previous observations of H3+ can be resolved.
description: 6 pages, Nature, in press
Paying Farmers to Reduce Nitrogen Application on Corn: The Baseline Approach
Creators: name: Horowitz, John
name: Ueda, Kohei
name: Horowitz, John
name: Ueda, Kohei
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries

description: We model a simulated green-payment policy to reduce nitrogen application on corn. In contrast to other papers, we recognize that the farm’s business-as-usual application rate cannot be known by the policymaker. We develop a structural model and data-driven approach to address this issue. We find that only one-third of the credits that would receive payments would be additional nitrogen reductions. The substantial volume of non-additional “reductions” leads the effective payment rate to be 3.5 times the price paid by the simulated policy. We discuss a further eligibility criterion that can improve policy performance.
Future Astrometry with ALMA to characterise extra-solar planet orbits
Creators: name: Lestrade, Jean-Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most complete catalogue of nearby stars (Gliese and Jarheiss, 1991) has been used to search for the stars whose photospheric thermal emission can be detected by the future millimeter array ALMA. We found that 446 nearby stars with spectral types ranging from A to M are detectable. A long-term astrometric observation programme (> 10 yr) of these stars with ALMA (theoretical astrometric precision = 0.1 milliarcsecond) would be sensitive to wobbles caused by the gravitational pull of possible unseen planets. Such a programme would probe minimum planetary masses as low as 0.1 Jupiter for an orbital period of 10 years. We provide histogrammes of these minimum masses and of ALMA integration times for these 446 ALMA stars.
description: 5 pages; 1 table; 2 figures Latex
Knowledge Query Network: How Knowledge Interacts with Skills
Creators: name: Lee, Jinseok
name: Yeung, Dit-Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge Tracing (KT) is to trace the knowledge of students as they solve a sequence of problems represented by their related skills. This involves abstract concepts of students' states of knowledge and the interactions between those states and skills. Therefore, a KT model is designed to predict whether students will give correct answers and to describe such abstract concepts. However, existing methods either give relatively low prediction accuracy or fail to explain those concepts intuitively. In this paper, we propose a new model called Knowledge Query Network (KQN) to solve these problems. KQN uses neural networks to encode student learning activities into knowledge state and skill vectors, and models the interactions between the two types of vectors with the dot product. Through this, we introduce a novel concept called \textit{probabilistic skill similarity} that relates the pairwise cosine and Euclidean distances between skill vectors to the odds ratios of the corresponding skills, which makes KQN interpretable and intuitive. On four public datasets, we have carried out experiments to show the following: 1. KQN outperforms all the existing KT models based on prediction accuracy. 2. The interaction between the knowledge state and skills can be visualized for interpretation. 3. Based on probabilistic skill similarity, a skill domain can be analyzed with clustering using the distances between the skill vectors of KQN. 4. For different values of the vector space dimensionality, KQN consistently exhibits high prediction accuracy and a strong positive correlation between the distance matrices of the skill vectors.
description: 10 pages, Learning Analytics & Knowledge 2019
Computation of outflow rates from accretion disks around black holes
Creators: name: Das, Santabrata
name: Chattopadhyay, Indranil
name: Nandi, A.
name: Chakrabarti, Sandip K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We self-consistently estimate the outflow rate from the accretion rates of an accretion disk around a black hole in which both the Keplerian and the sub-Keplerian matter flows simultaneously. While Keplerian matter supplies soft-photons, hot sub-Keplerian matter supplies thermal electrons. The temperature of the hot electrons is decided by the degree of inverse Comptonization of the soft photons. If we consider only thermally-driven flows from the centrifugal pressure-supported boundary layer around a black hole, we find that when the thermal electrons are cooled down, either because of the absence of the boundary layer (low compression ratio), or when the surface of the boundary layer is formed very far away, the outflow rate is negligible. For an intermediate size of this boundary layer the outflow rate is maximal. Since the temperature of the thermal electrons also decides the spectral state of a black hole, we predict that the outflow rate should be directly related to the spectral state.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Clan structure analysis and QCD parton showers in multiparticle dynamics. An intriguing dialog between theory and experiment
Creators: name: Giovannini, A.
name: Ugoccioni, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper contains a review of the main results of a search of regularities in collective variables properties in multiparticle dynamics, regularities which can be considered as manifestations of the original simplicity suggested by QCD. The method is based on a continuous dialog between experiment and theory. The paper follows the development of this research line, from its beginnings in the seventies to the current state of the art, discussing how it produced both sound interpretations of the most relevant experimental facts and intriguing perspectives for new physics signals in the TeV energy domain.
description: 118 pages, 48 figures; table of contents fixed for hyperref
A Limit on the Number of Isolated Neutron Stars Detected in the ROSAT Bright Source Catalog
Creators: name: Rutledge, Robert E.
name: Fox, Derek W.
name: Bogosavljevic, Milan
name: Mahabal, Ashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The challenge in searching for non-radio-pulsing isolated neutron stars (INSs) is in excluding association with objects in the very large error boxes (~13", 1 sigma radius) typical of sources from the largest X-ray all-sky survey, the ROSAT All-Sky-Survey/Bright Source Catalog (RASS/BSC). We search for candidate INSs using statistical analysis of optical (USNO-A2), infrared (IRAS), and radio (NVSS) sources near the ROSAT X-ray localization, and show that this selection would find 20% of the INSs in the RASS/BSC. This selection finds 32 candidates at declinations greater than -39 deg, among which are two previously known INSs, seventeen sources which we show are not INSs, and thirteen the classification of which are as yet undetermined. These results require a limit of <67 INSs (90% confidence, full sky, assuming isotropy) in the RASS/BSC. This limit modestly constrains a naive and optimistic model for cooling NSs in the galaxy.
description: ApJ, submitted
Optimal Truncation in Matching Markets
Creators: name: Coles, Peter
name: Shorrer, Ran
name: Coles, Peter
name: Shorrer, Ran
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: Matching Markets
subject: Truncation

description: Since no stable matching mechanism can induce truth-telling as a dominant strategy for all participants, there is often room in matching markets for strategic misrepresentation (Roth [25]). In this paper we study a natural form of strategic misrepresentation: reporting a truncation of one's true preference list. Roth and Rothblum [28] prove an important but abstract result: in certain symmetric, incomplete information settings, agents on one side of the market (“the women”) optimally submit some truncation of their true preference lists. In this paper we put structure on this truncation, both in symmetric and general settings, when agents must submit preference lists to the Men-Proposing Deferred Acceptance Algorithm. We first characterize each woman's truncation payoffs in an incomplete information setting in terms of the distribution of her achievable mates. The optimal degree of truncation can be substantial: we prove that in a uniform setting, the optimal degree of truncation for an individual woman goes to 100% of her list as the market size grows large, when other women are truthful. In this setting, we demonstrate the existence of an equilibrium where all agents use truncation strategies. Compared to truthful reporting, in any equilibrium in truncation strategies, welfare diverges for men and women: women prefer the truncation equilibrium, while men would prefer that participants truthfully report. In a general environment, we show that the less risk averse a player, the greater the degree of her optimal truncation. Finally, when correlation in preferences increases, players should truncate less. While several recent papers have focused on the limits of strategic manipulation, our results serve as a reminder that without the pre-conditions ensuring truthful reporting, even in settings where agents have little information, the potential for manipulation can be significant.
The Evolution of Core Stability in Decentralized Matching Markets
Creators: name: Nax, Heinrich H.
name: Pradelski, Bary S. R.
name: Young, H. Peyton
name: Nax, Heinrich H.
name: Pradelski, Bary S. R.
name: Young, H. Peyton
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: Assignment Games
subject: Cooperative Games
subject: Core
subject: Evolutionary Game Theory
subject: Learning
subject: Matching Markets

description: Decentralized matching markets on the internet allow large numbers of agents to interact anonymously at virtually no cost. Very little information is available to market participants and trade takes place at many different prices simultaneously. We propose a decentralized, completely uncoupled learning process in such environments that leads to stable and efficient outcomes. Agents on each side of the market make bids for potential partners and are matched if their bids are mutually profitable. Matched agents occasionally experiment with higher bids if on the buy-side (or lower bids if on the sell-side), while single agents, in the hope of attracting partners, lower their bids if on the buy-side (or raise their bids if on the sell-side). This simple and intuitive learning process implements core allocations even though agents have no knowledge of other agents' strategies, payoffs, or the structure of the game, and there is no central authority with such knowledge either.
Additional file 18 of Comparative transcriptome profiling of amyloid precursor protein family members in the adult cortex
Creators: name: Aydin, Dorothee
name: Filippov, Mikhail A
name: Jakob-Andreas Tschäpe
name: Gretz, Norbert
name: Prinz, Marco
name: Eils, Roland
name: Brors, Benedikt
name: Müller, Ulrike C
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Authors’ original file for figure 11
title: 03_0884
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Gluodynamics in External Field: A Test of the Dual Superconductor Picture
Creators: name: Chernodub, M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study gluodynamics in an external Abelian electromagnetic field within the dual superconductor approach. We show that the SU(2) gluodynamics should possess a deconfining phase transition at zero temperature at certain value of the external field. A dual superconductor model for the SU(3) gauge theory in external field predicts a rich phase structure containing confinement, asymmetric confinement and deconfinement phases. These results can be used to check the validity of the dual superconductor description of gluodynamics in external fields. We also discuss the gauge-independence of the obtained results.
description: Talk given at ``Confinement 2003'', RIKEN, Wako, Japan, July 21-24, 2003; 5 pages, 1 figure, uses ws-procs9x6.cls
Chebyshev's bias in dihedral and generalized quaternion Galois groups
Creators: name: Bailleul, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N05, 11R44, 11R45 (Primary), 11R42, 11M20, 11K38 (Secondary)

description: We study the inequities in the distribution of Frobenius elements in Galois extensions of the rational numbers with Galois groups that are either dihedral $D_{2n}$ or (generalized) quaternion $\mathbb H_{2n}$ of two-power order. In the spirit of recent work of Fiorilli and Jouve arXiv:2001.05428, we study, under natural hypotheses, some families of such extensions, in a horizontal aspect, where the degree is fixed, and in a vertical aspect, where the degree goes to infinity. Our main contribution uncovers in families of extensions a phenomenon, for which Ng gave numerical evidence : real zeros of Artin L-functions sometimes have a radical influence on the distribution of Frobenius elements.
description: 41 pages, minor corrections were made. To appear in Algebra & Number Theory Issue 15-4
Anonymous Social Influence
Creators: name: Förster, Manuel
name: Grabisch, Michel
name: Rusinowska, Agnieszka
name: Förster, Manuel
name: Grabisch, Michel
name: Rusinowska, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: Influence
subject: Anonymity
subject: Ordered Weighted Averaging Operator
subject: Convergence
subject: Consensus
subject: Speed Of Convergence
subject: Fuzzy Linguistic Quantifier

description: We study a stochastic model of influence where agents have “yes” or “no” inclinations on some issue, and opinions may change due to mutual influence among the agents. Each agent independently aggregates the opinions of the other agents and possibly herself. We study influence processes modelled by ordered weighted averaging operators, which are anonymous: they only depend on how many agents share an opinion. For instance, this allows to study situations where the influence process is based on majorities, which are not covered by the classical approach of weighted averaging aggregation. We find a necessary and sufficient condition for convergence to consensus and characterize outcomes where the society ends up polarized. Our results can also be used to understand more general situations, where ordered weighted averaging operators are only used to some extent. We provide an analysis of the speed of convergence and the possible outcomes of the process. Furthermore, we apply our results to fuzzy linguistic quantifiers, i.e., expressions like “most” or “at least a few”.
Additional file 1 of Comparative transcriptome profiling of amyloid precursor protein family members in the adult cortex
Creators: name: Aydin, Dorothee
name: Filippov, Mikhail A
name: Jakob-Andreas Tschäpe
name: Gretz, Norbert
name: Prinz, Marco
name: Eils, Roland
name: Brors, Benedikt
name: Müller, Ulrike C
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1:Heatmap of the processed dataset. The heatmap shows the clustering of the processed data by App/Aplp2-specific probe sets. App and Aplp2 probe sets were taken from the ENSEMBL database and remapped onto the modified respective genomic loci of APP-/-, APPα/α, and APLP2-/- animals. Only probe sets that map to exonic sequences or UTRs were chosen for hierarchical cluster analysis. The first three probe sets correspond to App probe sets whereas the last five are Aplp2-specific. The values of the heatmap are normalized expression values with red and blue color representing the number of standard standard deviations above or below the mean expression for each probe set, respectively. (PDF 49 KB)
Ultraperipheral photoproduction of vector mesons in the nuclear Coulomb field and the size of neutral vector mesons
Creators: name: Gevorkyan, S. R.
name: Ivanov, I. P.
name: Nikolaev, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out a significance of ultraperipheral photoproduction of vector mesons in the Coulomb field of nuclei as a means of measuring the radius of the neutral vector meson. This new contribution to the production amplitude is very small compared to the conventional diffractive amplitude, but because of large impact parameters inherent to the ultraperipheral Coulomb mechanism its impact on the diffraction slope is substantial. We predict appreciable and strongly energy dependent increase of the diffraction slope towards very small momentum transfer.The magnitude of the effect is proportional to the mean radius squared of the vector meson and is within the reach of high precision photoproduction experiments, which gives a unique experimental handle on the size of vector mesons.
Loss of quantum coherence in a system coupled to a zero-temperature environment
Creators: name: Ratchov, A.
name: Faure, F.
name: Hekking, F. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the influence of a zero-temperature environment on a coherent quantum system. First, we calculate the reduced density operator of the system in the framework of the well-known, exactly solvable model of an oscillator coupled to a bath of harmonic oscillators. Then, we propose the sketch of an Aharonov--Bohm-like interferometer showing, through interference measurements, the decrease of the coherence length of the system due to the interaction with the environment, even in the zero temperature limit.
Visualizing the emission of a single photon with frequency and time resolved spectroscopy
Creators: name: Sharafiev, Aleksei
name: Juan, Mathieu L.
name: Gargiulo, Oscar
name: Zanner, Maximilian
name: Wögerer, Stephanie
name: García-Ripoll, Juan José
name: Kirchmair, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the dawn of Quantum Physics, Wigner and Weisskopf obtained a full analytical description (a \textit{photon portrait}) of the emission of a single photon by a two-level system, using the basis of frequency modes (Weisskopf and Wigner, "Zeitschrift für Physik", 63, 1930). A direct experimental reconstruction of this portrait demands an accurate measurement of a time resolved fluorescence spectrum, with high sensitivity to the off-resonant frequencies and ultrafast dynamics describing the photon creation. In this work we demonstrate such an experimental technique in a superconducting waveguide Quantum Electrodynamics (wQED) platform, using single transmon qubit and two coupled transmon qubits as quantum emitters. In both scenarios, the photon portraits agree quantitatively with the predictions of the input-output theory and qualitatively with Wigner-Weisskopf theory. We believe that our technique allows not only for interesting visualization of fundamental principles, but may serve as a tool, e.g. to realize multi-dimensional spectroscopy in waveguide Quantum Electrodynamics.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures including appendices
On the Trade-off Between Consistency and Coverage in Multi-label Rule Learning Heuristics
Creators: name: Rapp, Michael
name: Mencía, Eneldo Loza
name: Fürnkranz, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, several authors have advocated the use of rule learning algorithms to model multi-label data, as rules are interpretable and can be comprehended, analyzed, or qualitatively evaluated by domain experts. Many rule learning algorithms employ a heuristic-guided search for rules that model regularities contained in the training data and it is commonly accepted that the choice of the heuristic has a significant impact on the predictive performance of the learner. Whereas the properties of rule learning heuristics have been studied in the realm of single-label classification, there is no such work taking into account the particularities of multi-label classification. This is surprising, as the quality of multi-label predictions is usually assessed in terms of a variety of different, potentially competing, performance measures that cannot all be optimized by a single learner at the same time. In this work, we show empirically that it is crucial to trade off the consistency and coverage of rules differently, depending on which multi-label measure should be optimized by a model. Based on these findings, we emphasize the need for configurable learners that can flexibly use different heuristics. As our experiments reveal, the choice of the heuristic is not straight-forward, because a search for rules that optimize a measure locally does usually not result in a model that maximizes that measure globally.
description: Preprint version. To appear in Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Discovery Science, 2019