cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lone-electron pair donor quality of the imino function: Increased front strain and electronic substituent effects on sterically accelerated nitrogen inversion in imino-cyclopentanes
Creators: name: Knorr, R.
name: Thi, Phung Hoang
name: Mehlstäubl, J.
name: Hintermeyer-Hilpert, M.
name: Lüdemann, H.-D.
name: Lang, Elmar
name: Sextl, G.
name: Rattay, W.
name: Böhrer, P.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Imines; Steric acceleration; Substituent constants; Substituent effects
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: 2,6-Dimethyl-N-(2,2,5,5-tetramethylcyclopentylidene)aniline (4h) is obtained by permethylation; it forms salts (5) by N-protonation. Its CN double bond is strongly shielded against nucleophilic attack and cannot be hydrolyzed. Nitration and bromination occur smoothly in the aromatic p-position (12, 13), showing the directing power of the lone electron pair of the imino function. This π-donor quality is assessed by probing weaker electrophiles and by qualitative competition experiments.
Finding constraints on dark energy using hydrogen intensity mapping
Creators: name: Fink, Allison
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: In this MS.c. thesis, we demonstrate a method for estimating the expansion history of the universe using the hydrogen intensity map from the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME), which will be generated in the near future. This map will be in angular and redshift space, where redshift of the hydrogen due to the expansion serves as a time variable. The expansion history, dependent on cosmological parameters via the Einstein equations, determines the distance away from us in units of a grid comoving with the expansion at which light of each redshift was emitted. We use knowledge of the fixed comoving distance, approximately 150 megaparsecs, that baryon acoustic oscillations, or primordial sound waves, traveled away from the centers of matter perturbations, where there is a corresponding peak in the matter correlation function subject to uncertainty of the initial quantum mechanical fluctuations. We explain the method by which we fit the correlation function to a model for expansion determined by the equation of state of dark energy, to constrain this parameter. We test the method using a three-dimensional realization of the theoretical matter power spectrum calculated from CAMB (Code for Anisotropies in the Microwave Background), providing an estimate of constraints obtained from a small redshift region spanning one sound horizon diameter in redshift space assuming a constant equation of state of dark energy and fixed values of the other cosmological parameters. We explain how to generalize this method to a more complete analysis.
Latest Results from the DODO Survey: Imaging Planets around White Dwarfs
Creators: name: Hogan, E.
name: Burleigh, M. R.
name: Clarke, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of the Degenerate Objects around Degenerate Objects (DODO) survey is to search for very low mass brown dwarfs and extrasolar planets in wide orbits around white dwarfs via direct imaging. The direct detection of such companions would allow the spectroscopic investigation of objects with temperatures lower (< 500 K) than the coolest brown dwarfs currently observed. The discovery of planets around white dwarfs would prove that such objects can survive the final stages of stellar evolution and place constraints on the frequency of planetary systems around their progenitors (with masses between 1.5 - 8 M*, i.e., early B to mid-F). An increasing number of planetary mass companions have been directly imaged in wide orbits around young main sequence stars. For example, the planets around HR 8799 and 1RXS J160929.1 - 210524 are in wide orbits of 24 - 68 AU and 330 AU, respectively. The DODO survey has the ability to directly image planets in post-main sequence analogues of these systems. These proceedings present the latest results of our multi-epoch J band common proper motion survey of nearby white dwarfs.
description: Part of PlanetsbeyondMS/2010 proceedings http://arxiv.org/html/1011.6606
Far-infrared radiation controlled chaos in n-GaAs
Creators: name: Frank, U.
name: Brandl, Andreas
name: Prettl, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The effect of far-infrared irradiation on selfgenerated periodic and chaotic current fluctuations in the post-breakdown regimes of n-GaAs has been investigated at liquid helium temperature. In an external magnetic field of 40 mT the material showed a sequence of frequency-locked oscillations being ordered according to the Farey-Tree. Depending on the irradiation intensity a shifting and scaling of the bias voltage ranges of the frequency-locking states has been observed.
Forward dijets in high-energy collisions: evolution of QCD n-point functions beyond the dipole approximation
Creators: name: Dumitru, Adrian
name: Jalilian-Marian, Jamal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Present knowledge of QCD n-point functions of Wilson lines at high energies is rather limited. In practical applications, it is therefore customary to factorize higher n-point functions into products of two-point functions (dipoles) which satisfy the BK evolution equation. We employ the JIMWLK formalism to derive explicit evolution equations for the 4- and 6-point functions of fundamental Wilson lines and show that if the Gaussian approximation is carried out before the rapidity evolution step is taken, then many leading order N_c contributions are missed. Our evolution equations could specifically be used to improve calculations of forward dijet angular correlations, recently measured by the STAR collaboration in deuteron-gold collisions at the RHIC collider. Forward dijets in proton-proton collisions at the LHC probe QCD evolution at even smaller light-cone momentum fractions. Such correlations may provide insight into genuine differences between the JIMWLK and BK approaches.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 1 of Genome-scale CRISPR screens identify host factors that promote human coronavirus infection
Creators: name: Grodzki, Marco
name: Bluhm, Andrew P.
name: Schaefer, Moritz
name: Tagmount, Abderrahmane
name: Russo, Max
name: Sobh, Amin
name: Rafiee, Roya
name: Vulpe, Chris D.
name: Karst, Stephanie M.
name: Norris, Michael H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Methods, Figures, and Tables.
High power splitting of the cyclotron resonance induced photoconductivity in n-GaAs
Creators: name: Weispfenning, M.
name: Bauer, A.
name: Prettl, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: In summary our results show that photoconductivity and optical absorption under cyclotron resonance conditions in high purity n-GaAs are more complex than it has been assumed previously. As cyclotron resonance can only be measured with non zero free electron concentration, and because the 2p – shallow donor level remains below the N=0 Landau level for all magnetic field strengths, a certain population of 2p – states must be present and thus the interference between both absorption processes is unavoidable as long as 2p –rarr2p + electric dipole transitions are activated by ionized impuritics. This interference gets most drastically manifest at high intensities causing an apparent splitting of the photoconductivity line. Even at lower intensities however when the dip in the photoconductivity line is not observable, all optical characteristics previously attributed to cyclotron resonance are affected by the shallow donor absorption. The energy separationE 2p+–E 2p– of shallow donors in a magnetic field is exactly equal to hstrokw CR only for isolated impurities in the effective mass approximation. The same electric stray field of ionized impurities which cause the activation of 2p –rarr2p + absorption may shift the donor energy levels due to stark effect. For magnetic field strengthsB<1 t="" a="" field="" dependent="" deviation="">E 2 +–E 1p – from the cyclotron resonance quantum energy was observed [15] amounting up to 8 pc. In this case we expect that the peak positions of photoconductivity and absorption do not spectrally coincide and do not occur at the resonance magnetic field strength of 0rarr1 Landau level transitions. Thus effective masses determined by standard cyclotron resonance methods at low magnetic fields may be incorrect by a few percent.
Realization of Chiral Symmetry in the ERG
Creators: name: Echigo, Yoshio
name: Igarashi, Yuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss within the framework of the ERG how chiral symmetry is realized in a linear $σ$ model. A generalized Ginsparg-Wilson relation is obtained from the Ward-Takahashi identities for the Wilson action assumed to be bilinear in the Dirac fields. We construct a family of its non-perturbative solutions. The family generates the most general solutions to the Ward-Takahashi identities. Some special solutions are discussed. For each solution in this family, chiral symmetry is realized in such a way that a change in the Wilson action under non-linear symmetry transformation is canceled with a change in the functional measure. We discuss that the family of solutions reduces via a field redefinition to a family of the Wilson actions with some composite object of the scalar fields which has a simple transformation property. For this family, chiral symmetry is linearly realized with a continuum analog of the operator extension of $γ_5$ used on the lattice. We also show that there exist some appropriate Dirac fields which obey the standard chiral transformations with $γ_5$ in contrast to the lattice case. Their Yukawa interactions with scalars, however, becomes non-linear.
description: 20 pages
Searching for Planets with White Dwarf Pulsations: Spurious Detections
Creators: name: Dalessio, J.
name: Provencal, J. L.
name: Shipman, H. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 13 years of pulsation timing measurements of the DBV white dwarf EC 2005-5234. Each of the four O-C diagrams mimic the sinusoidal behavior typically attributed to a planet + WD system. However, the amplitude and phase of the O-C variations are inconsistent with each other. We discuss the impact of this result on timing based WD planet searches.
description: Part of PlanetsbeyondMS/2010 proceedings http://arxiv.org/html/1011.6606
Sequence of different types of nonlinear current oscillation in n-GaAs
Creators: name: Spangler, J.
name: Brandl, Andreas
name: Prettl, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 05.40 - 72.70 - 72.20J

description: Self-generated chaotic current fluctuations in the post-breakdown regime of a n-GaAs layer at 4.2 K have been analyzed in detail. Without an external magnetic field only regular oscillations were observed. Increasing the magnetic field strength up to 100 mT generates a sequence of quasiperiodic and frequency-locking current oscillations and finally a Ruelle-Takens-Newhouse scenario with chaos. This may be understood by assuming two coupled oscillatory processes caused by dielectric relaxation and energy relaxation in the distribution of free carriers.
Magnetic field dependence of quasi-bound Coulomb states of light holes in germanium
Creators: name: Jungwirt, G.
name: Kropf, R.
name: Rössler, Ulrich
name: Prettl, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The photothermal spectra of the shallow acceptor boron in high purity p-Ge has been investigated for various magnetic field strengths at low temperatures. A large number of lines observed at frequencies above the binding energy of boron are attributed to optical excitation of quasi-bound Coulomb states, which arise in a magnetic field below each Landau level. By comparison with calculated Landau level energies the final states of the observed transitions can be unambigously identified.
Reconstruction of the spatial structure of current filaments in n‐GaAs in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Brandl, Andreas
name: Völcker, M.
name: Prettl, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: IMPURITY STATES, EXCITATION, ELECTRIC CURRENTS, CHARGED−PARTICLE TRANSPORT, EXCITED STATES, GALLIUM ARSENIDES, DONORS, ELECTRON MOBILITY, FLUCTUATIONS, MAGNETOELECTRIC EFFECTS
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 72.20.My; 72.70.+m; 71.55.Eq

description: The spatial pattern of current filaments generated by impurity breakdown has been investigated in a semiconductor for the first time as a function of the magnetic field. Large asymmetries of shallow impurity excited‐state population were observed occurring at opposite edges of a filament normal to the magnetic field. Deformation of filament boundaries evolves at very low field strengths being comparably small to those which destabilize current flow yielding current fluctuation and chaos.
Analytic Theory of Edge Modes in Topological Insulators
Creators: name: Mao, Shijun
name: Kuramoto, Yoshio
name: Imura, Ken-Ichiro
name: Yamakage, Ai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectrum and wave function of gapless edge modes are derived analytically for a tight-binding model of topological insulators on square lattice. Particular attention is paid to dependence on edge geometries such as the straight (1,0) and zigzag (1,1) edges in the thermodynamic limit. The key technique is to identify operators that combine to annihilate the edge state in the effective one-dimensional (1D) model with momentum along the edge. In the (1,0) edge, the edge mode is present either around the center of 1D Brillouin zone or its boundary, depending on location of the bulk excitation gap. In the (1,1) edge, the edge mode is always present both at the center and near the boundary. Depending on system parameters, however, the mode is absent in the middle of the Brillouin zone. In this case the binding energy of the edge mode near the boundary is extremely small; about $10^{-3}$ of the overall energy scale. Origin of this minute energy scale is discussed.
description: 9pages, 7figurs
Extending Kolkata Paise Restaurant Problem to Dynamic Matching in Mobility Markets
Creators: name: Martin, Layla
Publisher: name: JUNIOR MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
Year: 2019

description: In mobility markets – especially vehicle for hire markets – drivers offer individual transportation by car to customers. Drivers individually decide where to go to pick up customers to increase their own utilization (probability of carrying a customer) and utility (profit). The utility drivers retrieve from customers comprises both costs of driving to another location and the revenue from carrying a customer and is thus not shared between different drivers. In this thesis, I present the Vehicle for Hire Problem (VFHP) as a generalization of the Kolkata Paise Restaurant Problem (KPRP) to evaluate different strategies for drivers in vehicle for hire markets. The KPRP is a multi-round game model presented by Chakrabarti et al. (2009) in which daily laborers constitute agents and restaurants constitute resources. All agents decide simultaneously, but independently where to eat. Every restaurant can cater only one agent and agents cannot divert to other resources if their first choice is overcrowded. The number of agents equals the number of resources. Also, there is a ranking of restaurants all agents agree upon, and no two resources yield the same utility. The VFHP relaxes assumptions on capacity and utility: Resources (customers) are grouped in districts, agents (drivers) can redirect to other resources in the same district. As the distance between agent and resource reduces the agent’s utility and the location is not identical for all agents, the utility of a given resource is not identical for all agents. To study the impact of the different assumptions, I build four different model variants: Individual Preferences (IP) replaces the shared utility of the KPRP with uniformly distributed utilities per agent. The Mixed Preferences (MP) model variant uses the utility assumption of the VFHP, but the capacity of all districts remains 1. The Individual Preferences with Multiple Customers per District (IPMC) model variant groups customers in districts, and uses the uniform utilities introduced in the IP model variant. Mixed Preferences and Multiple Customers per District (MPMC) implements all assumptions of the VHFP. In this thesis, I study different strategies for the KPRP and all variants of the VFHP to build a foundation for an incentive scheme for dynamic matching in mobility markets. The strategies comprise history-dependent and utility-dependent strategies. In history-dependent strategies, agents incorporate their previous decisions and the utilization of resources in previous iterations in their decision. Agents adapting utility-dependent strategies choose the resource offering the highest utility with a given probability.


Keywords: vehicle for hire markets; distributed decision making; agent-based modelling; congestion game; limited rationality
description: JUNIOR MANAGEMENT SCIENCE, Bd. 4 Nr. 1 (2019)
Additional file 1 of Stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles embedded into methacrylated hyaluronic acid wound dressings accelerate wound repair in a pressure model of diabetic ulcer
Creators: name: Ferroni, Letizia
name: D’Amora, Ugo
name: Gardin, Chiara
name: Leo, Sara
name: Dalla Paola, Luca
name: Tremoli, Elena
name: Giuliani, Alessandro
name: Calzà, Laura
name: Ronca, Alfredo
name: Ambrosio, Luigi
name: Zavan, Barbara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
Additional file 1 of On the use of multiple imputation to address data missing by design as well as unintended missing data in case-cohort studies with a binary endpoint
Creators: name: Middleton, Melissa
name: Nguyen, Cattram
name: Carlin, John B.
name: Moreno-Betancur, Margarita
name: Lee, Katherine J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Details pertaining to the data generation procedure and additional simulation results. Supplementary Table S1. Parameter values used in the generation of complete data and missing indicators, for observed and enhanced association scenarios. Supplementary Table S2. Iteratively chosen parameter values used to generate missing indicators for each data generation mechanism. Supplementary Table S3. Summary of the 26 scenarios considered in the simulation study. Supplementary Table S4. Summary statistics for the 26 scenarios, calculated across the 2,000 simulated datasets. Additional simulation study results. Figure S1. Relative error (%) in estimation of the standard error for the target parameter (comparison of empirical and model-based standard error) for each of the 26 simulated scenarios. Figure S2. Model-based standard error for the analysis approaches across the 2,000 simulated datasets under each scenario.
Living is Easy with Eyes Closed – Strategische Unwissenheit und eigennütziges Verhalten
Creators: name: Czech, Christiane
Publisher: name: JUNIOR MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
Year: 2019

description: The issue of avoiding information about the consequences of one’s own actions is discussed intensively. Acting that way, makes it harder to be judged for one’s decisions. My bachelor thesis deals with strategic ignorance and self-serving behaviour. This paper aims to explore if people really avoid information to a high degree and whether there are certain situations or circumstances which influence these behaviour patterns. Four different experimental studies were used and compared to a large amount of literature. It is found that intransparency in situations allows for a moral “wiggle room” which makes people’s actions more egoistic. Also, people like to be seen as altruistic. By analyzing the Bayesian signaling model which introduces an agent caring about his self-image, his economic advantages and who has the opportunity to find out about social benefits and the cost of acting social, the findings show that willful ignorance can be an excuse for selfish behaviour and helps maintain the idea that they act up to their ideals. Looking at situations where people have to bring an effort, ignorance shows better outcomes because people work harder when they don’t know about the negative consequences.


Keywords: strategic ignorance; moral wiggle room; dictator games; self-serving behavior
description: JUNIOR MANAGEMENT SCIENCE, Bd. 4 Nr. 1 (2019)
Parity Nonconservation in Odd-isotopes of Single Trapped Atomic Ions
Creators: name: Sahoo, B. K.
name: Mandal, P.
name: Mukherjee, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have estimated the size of the light-shifts due to parity nonconservation (PNC) interactions in different isotopes of Ba+ and Ra+ ions based on the work of Fortson [Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 2383 (1993)]. We have used the nuclear spin independent (NSI) amplitudes calculated earlier by us [Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 163003 (2006); Phys. Rev. A 78, 050501(R) (2008)] and we have employed the third order many-body perturbation theory (MBPT(3)) in this work to estimate the nuclear spin dependent (NSD) amplitudes in these ions. Ra+ is found to be more favourable than Ba+ for measuring both the NSI and NSD PNC observables.
description: 5 pages, 1 table
The Effect of ECB’s Corporate Sector Purchase Programme on CDS Premia - An Empirical Analysis
Creators: name: Nawabi, Silie Homayon
Publisher: name: JUNIOR MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
Year: 2019

description: In response to the intensification of economic crises in the euro area, the European Central Bank (ECB), along with other central banks, has conducted both conventional and unconventional monetary policy. The most recent unconventional measure has been outright asset purchases under the corporate sector purchase programme (CSPP) targeting euro-denominated investment-grade bonds issued by non-financial corporations in the euro area. Using a Difference-in-Differences (DID) approach on a sample of euro-zone data I find that the CSPP initiative has consistently contained credit risk. In contrast, spillover effects to firms not subject to the CSPP policy are limited.


Keywords: quantitative easing; unconventional monetary policy; asset purchase program; credit default swaps; corporate
sector purchase program
description: JUNIOR MANAGEMENT SCIENCE, Bd. 4 Nr. 1 (2019)
Synthesen und erhöhte Konfigurationslabilität von 2-Iminoindanderivaten mit Vorderseitenspannung
Creators: name: Knorr, R.
name: Ferchland, K.
name: Mehlstäubl, J.
name: Thi, Phung Hoang
name: Böhrer, P.
name: Lüdemann, H.-D.
name: Lang, Elmar
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Basicity; Diastereotopomerization; Imines; Steric shielding; Steric strain
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Syntheses and properties are described for sterically shielded imines R2C = NR (3c, e, g–k), which are rather inert toward nucleophiles. Nucleophilic attack at the nitrogen atom of 3k is indicated by the formation of the azine 4. (E,Z) Configurational diastereotopomerization (anti/syn) is strongly dependent on N substituents [CH3, phenyl, 1-naphthyl, acetyl, Si(CH3)3, cyano, SC6H5, SOC6H5, SO2C6H5, and nitro]. It is accelerated by front strain along the CN bond in 3a–c, e, g, h, j, and k and provides an energetic basis (by ΔG≠ and ΔΔG≠ values) for the gauging of force-field parameters. This (E,Z) stereo-mutation is characterized by a vanishing solvent dependence and a positive volume of activation (+10.2 cm3 mol-1 for 3a). In contrast to other π acceptor substituents, the N-nitro group in 31 retards (E,Z) interconversion.
Additional file 1 of Confounding-adjustment methods for the causal difference in medians
Creators: name: Shepherd, Daisy A.
name: Baer, Benjamin R.
name: Moreno-Betancur, Margarita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. This file contains the Supplementary Material. This includes: Supplementary Figure 1 (distribution of the SDQ scores in the LSAC case study); Supplementary Figure 2 (distribution of the outcome variable used within the simulation study); Supplementary Table 1 (details on the models used to generate variables for the simulation study); Supplementary Table 2 (true values for the causal difference in medians from the simulation study); Supplementary Table 3 (Monte Carlo standard errors for performance estimates from the simulation study). Additional detail to support the main manuscript is provided in Supplementary Material sections S1-S5.
Word Embedding, Neural Networks and Text Classification: What is the State-of-the-Art?
Creators: name: Vilar, Estevan
Publisher: name: JUNIOR MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
Year: 2019

description: In this bachelor thesis, I first introduce the machine learning methodology of text classification with the goal to describe the functioning of neural networks. Then, I identify and discuss the current development of Convolutional Neural Networks and Recurrent Neural Networks from a text classification perspective and compare both models. Furthermore, I introduce different techniques used to translate textual information in a language comprehensible by the computer, which ultimately serve as inputs for the models previously discussed. From there, I propose a method for the models to cope with words absent from a training corpus. This first part has also the goal to facilitate the access to the machine learning world to a broader audience than computer science students and experts. To test the proposal, I implement and compare two state-of-the-art models and eight different word representations using pre-trained vectors on a dataset given by LogMeIn and on a common benchmark. I find that, with my configuration, Convolutional Neural Networks are easier to train and are also yielding better results. Nevertheless, I highlight that models that combine both architectures can potentially have a better performance, but need more work on identifying appropriate hyperparameters for training. Finally, I find that the efficacy of word embedding methods depends not only on the dataset but also on the model used to tackle the subsequent task. In my context, they can boost performance by up to 10.2% compared to a random initialization. However, further investigations are necessary to evaluate the value of my proposal with a corpus that contains a greater ratio of unknown relevant words.


Keywords: neural networks; machine learning; word embedding; text classification; business analytics
description: JUNIOR MANAGEMENT SCIENCE, Bd. 4 Nr. 1 (2019)
The Tax System and Corporate Payout Policies
Creators: name: Herold, Nicholas
Publisher: name: JUNIOR MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
Year: 2019

description: In this thesis, I examine how corporate taxes, dividend taxes, personal income taxes, and consumption taxes affect corporate payout behaviour. Using rich international panel data that consist of 40,609 firms across 115 countries from 1999 to 2013, I run linear regressions of each of the four tax rates on three payout variables which measure frequency and magnitude of regular cash dividends distributed by firms. In my baseline model, I find that the predictions of the new view – one of the two views in neoclassical theory – on short-run payout responses only partially hold true. Inconsistent with initial hypotheses, corporate taxes on average do not impact a firm’s dividend payout behaviour in the short run. Regarding dividend taxes, my results show that the hypothesised dividend tax neutrality only holds true for the relative amount of dividends but not for a firm’s likelihood to distribute, increase, and initiate dividends. Consistent with initial hypotheses, personal income taxes and consumption taxes trigger mostly large payout responses in terms of frequency and magnitude of dividend payouts. In my two model extensions, in which I focus on payout behaviour of cash-rich firms and employ a more flexible definition of the time horizon characterising short-run payout, my findings are again only partially in line with predictions of the new view on short-run payout responses. With these results, this thesis not only analyses well-investigated tax rates – corporate taxes and dividend taxes – for which current literature shows mixed empirical evidence but also examines hitherto scarcely considered tax rates – personal income taxes and consumption taxes – in the neoclassical framework and determines their impact on corporate payout.


Keywords: corporate payout; corporate tax; dividend tax; personal income tax; consumption tax
description: JUNIOR MANAGEMENT SCIENCE, Bd. 4 Nr. 1 (2019)
Perspectives on the translational trajectory of novel biotechnologies for neurodegenerative disease
Creators: name: Benjaminy, Shelly
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The translation of novel brain technologies from the bench to the bedside has been characterized by a tension between priorities to promote rapid access to experimental interventions and the utilitarian pursuit of their evaluation with rigorous and time-intensive research. Through three studies conducted within the scope of this dissertation, I focus on a central research question: What are the perspectives of stakeholders about the translation of novel biotechnologies for neurodegenerative disease? Harnessing the strength of pragmatic neuroethics, I address this research question using both qualitative and quantitative analyses. In the first study, I explore the perspectives of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) about the unproven but highly publicized chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) intervention and the impact of its controversial trajectory on stem cell research. I find that patients are disappointed about the divestment of funds from other areas of research to support CCSVI trials, but maintain enduring hopes for future neurotechnological advancements, including stem cell research. In the second study, I examine how the news media represent timeframes for research and development of stem cell interventions for MS and other neurodegenerative diseases. I find that news articles celebrate the benefits of stem cell research with little context of its caveats. In contrast to prior studies, however, I discover that they also conscientiously convey caution about stem cell tourism and describe a lengthy trajectory between research and clinical availability of therapeutics. In the third study, I explore the perspectives of patients with MS and clinicians responsible for their care about the pace of research and development for stem cell interventions. Here I describe the urgency that patients feel to access stem cell interventions and their desire to learn more about the research process. Clinicians suggest strategies for dialogue with their patients that can clarify translational timeframes and inform hopes. Overall, the findings bring together the voices of key stakeholders and support a commitment to socially minded translation of novel neurotechnologies for neurodegenerative disease.
Self-consistent Seeding of the Interchange Instability in Dipolarization Fronts
Creators: name: Lapenta, Giovanni
name: Bettarini, Lapo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a 3D magnetohydrodynamics simulation that studies the formation of dipolarization fronts during magnetotail reconnection. The crucial new feature uncovered in the present 3D simulation is that the process of reconnection produces flux ropes developing within the reconnection region. These flux ropes are unstable to the kink mode and introduce a spontaneous structure in the dawn-dusk direction. The dipolarization fronts forming downstream of reconnection are strongly affected by the kinking ropes. At the fronts, a density gradient is present with opposite direction to that of the acceleration field and leads to an interchange instability. We present evidence for a causal link where the perturbations of the kinking flux ropes with their natural and well defined scales drive and select the scales for the interchange mode in the dipolarization fronts. The results of the simulation are validated against measured structures observed by the Themis mission.
description: 4 figures, to appear on Geophys. Res. Lett
Personal Taxes and Corporate Investment
Creators: name: Herold, Frédéric
Publisher: name: JUNIOR MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
Year: 2019

description: In this thesis, I present empirical evidence on the effect of personal taxes on firm-level investment. Exploiting a cross-country panel that consists of 40,608 firms from a total of 115 countries in the period 1999-2013, I employ a linear regression model in which I regress five different definitions of the personal tax wedge against capital investment of firms. I find that the average investment response of firms strongly depends on the definition of the personal tax wedge. My baseline regression reveals that, if the pure personal tax rate increases, firms on average show a positive capital investment response. That is, if firms cannot shift the economic burden of personal taxes to other stakeholders, an increase in personal taxes, ceteris paribus, increases the factor price of labour and thus exerts higher pressure on corporate profits. Profit-maximising firms therefore counteract this pressure by (partially) substituting the more expensive input factor labour by capital, increasing their capital investment. This effect, however, does not hold true for alternative definitions of the personal tax wedge that additionally include social security contributions. Likewise, I obtain mixed results when testing for cross-sectional variation in capital investment responses arising from differences in relative market power, the ability to substitute input factors, and financial constraints. In this context, my thesis provides empirical evidence on the effect of personal taxes on investment behaviour at the firm level and thus adds to current literature, which mainly considers the effect of personal taxes on aggregate investment, economic growth, and total factor productivity.


Keywords: investment; personal tax; tax wedge
description: JUNIOR MANAGEMENT SCIENCE, Bd. 4 Nr. 1 (2019)
Classification of current instabilities during low-temperature breakdown in germanium
Creators: name: Peinke, J.
name: Parisi, J.
name: Röhricht, B.
name: Mayer, K. M.
name: Rau, U.
name: Clauß, W.
name: Hübener, R. P.
name: Jungwirt, G.
name: Prettl, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 05.45.+b - 72.20.Ht - 72.70.+m

description: We present experimental investigations on the spatio-temporal nonlinear current flow in the post-breakdown regime of p-germanium at liquid-helium temperatures. The basic nonlinear effects are characterized in terms of the underlying semiconductor physics, taking into account the influence of different experimental parameters.
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of a national clinical programme for the management of self-harm in hospital emergency departments: impact on patient outcomes and the provision of care
Creators: name: Cully, G
name: Corcoran, P
name: Gunnell, D
name: Chang, SS
name: McElroy, B
name: O’Connell, S
name: Arensman, E
name: Perry, IJ
name: Griffin, E
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1: Unstratified results, characteristics of self-harm presentations between 2012 and 2017, comparison of characteristics of presentations before and after the NCPSHI, and interrupted time series analysis of the impact of the NCPSHI on care pathways
Effect of impact ionization on the saturation of 1s→2p+ shallow donor transition in n-GaAs
Creators: name: Weispfenning, M.
name: Zach, F.
name: Prettl, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: shallow donors - nonlinear magneto-photoconductivity - saturation - impact ionization
subject: 530 Physik

description: The magneto-photoconductivity due to 1s-2p+ optical transitions of shallow donors in n-GaAs has been investigated as a function of intensity for several bias voltages at low temperatures between 2K and 4.2 K. At low intensities a superlinear increase of the photoconductive signal with rising intensity has been observed which gets more pronounced at higher bias voltages and lower temperatures. The power broadening of the linewidth was found to be distinctly different from the behaviour expected for a two-level system. By a detailed analysis in terms of a nonlinear generation-recombination model it is shown that these effects may be attributed to impact ionization of the optically excited 2p+ states.
Variations on a theme: Changes to electrophoretic separations that can make a difference
Creators: name: Rabilloud, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Electrophoretic separations of proteins are widely used in proteomic analyses, and rely heavily on SDS electrophoresis. This mode of separation is almost exclusively used when a single dimension separation is performed, and generally represents the second dimension of two-dimensional separations. Electrophoretic separations for proteomics use robust, well-established protocols. However, many variations in almost all possible parameters have been described in the literature over the years, and they may bring a decisive advantage when the limits of the classical protocols are reached. The purpose of this article is to review the most important of these variations, so that the readers can be aware of how they can improve or tune protein separations according to their needs. The chemical variations reviewed in this paper encompass gel structure, buffer systems and detergents for SDS electrophoresis, two-dimensional electrophoresis based on isoelectric focusing and two-dimensional electrophoresis based on cationic zone electrophoresis.
The Planets around the Post-Common Envelope Binary NN Serpentis
Creators: name: Hessman, F. V.
name: Beuermann, K.
name: Dreizler, S.
name: Marsh, T. R.
name: Parsons, S. G.
name: Copperwheat, C. M.
name: Winget, D. E.
name: Miller, G. F.
name: Hermes, J. J.
name: Schreiber, M. R.
name: Kley, W.
name: Dhillon, V. S.
name: Littlefair, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have detected 2 circumbinary planets around the close binary system NN Serpentis using the orbital time delay effect measured via the sharp eclipses of the white dwarf primary. The present pre-cataclysmic binary was formed when the original - 2 M primary expanded into a red giant, causing the secondary star to drop from its original orbit at a separation of about 1.4 A.U. down to its current separation at 0.0043 A.U. A quasi-adiabatic evolution of the circumbinary planets' orbits during the common-envelope phase would have placed them in unstable configurations, suggesting that they may have suffered significant orbital drag effects and were originally in much larger orbits. Alternatively, they may have been created as 2nd-generation planets during the last million years from the substantial amount of material lost during the creation of the binary, making them the youngest planets known. Either solution shows how little we actually understand about planetary formation.
description: Part of PlanetsbeyondMS/2010 proceedings http://arxiv.org/html/1011.6606
eta meson production in nucleon-nucleon collisions
Creators: name: Wilkin, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New experimental data are presented on the energy dependence of the total cross sections for the np -> d eta and quasi-two-body pp -> pp eta reactions, where the final diproton is detected at very low excitation energy. Differential cross sections of pp -> pp eta away from threshold show the influence of higher partial waves and a partial wave decomposition is attempted.
description: Invited talk at the International Symposium on Mesic Nuclei, Krakow, 16 June 16 2010
Correspondence between entropy-corrected holographic and Gauss-Bonnet dark energy models
Creators: name: Setare, M. R.
name: Jamil, Mubasher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work we investigate the cosmological implications of the entropy-corrected holographic dark energy (ECHDE) density in the Gauss-Bonnet framework. This is motivated from the loop quantum gravity corrections to the entropy-area law. Assuming the two cosmological scenarios are valid simultaneously, we show that there is a correspondence between the ECHDE scenario in flat universe and the phantom dark energy model in the framework of Gauss-Bonnet theory with a potential. This correspondence leads consistently to an accelerating universe.
description: 10 pages, accepted by Europhysics Letters for publication
Additional file 1 of An international comparison of gender differences in mental health among higher-education students during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: a multilevel design
Creators: name: Van de Velde, Sarah
name: De Cuyper, Anneleen
name: De Kort, Leen
name: Jacobs, Kimberly
name: Somogyi, Nikoletta
name: Tholen, Robert
name: Van Eekert, Nina
name: Buffel, Veerle
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Appendix: Table A1. Selection of survey period per country. Table A2: Overview of the selected survey periods per country. Table A3: Descriptive statistics and bivariate statistics of depressive feelings and excessive alcohol consumption as well as all level-1 explanatory and control variables by gender. Table A4: Macro-level variables by country. Table A5: Results of the negative binomial multilevel analysis with the average number of glasses of alcohol during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Additional file 1 of Sleep quality and BMI in pregnancy– a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Tang, Yafang
name: Dai, Fei
name: Razali, Nurul Syaza
name: Tagore, Shephali
name: Chern, Bernard S. M.
name: Tan, Kok Hian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Effective three-body interactions in nuclei
Creators: name: Van Isacker, P.
name: Talmi, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the three-body forces in the $1f_{7/2}$ shell, for which recently evidence was found on the basis of spectroscopic properties of the Ca isotopes and $N=28$ isotones, can be most naturally explained as an effective interaction due to excluded higher-lying shells, in particular the $2p_{3/2}$ orbit.}
description: 5 pages, 1 tables, accepted for publication in Europhysics Letters
On the Origin of Metals in Some Hot White Dwarf Photospheres
Creators: name: Burleigh, M. R.
name: Barstow, M. A.
name: Farihi, J.
name: Bannister, N. P.
name: Dickinson, N.
name: Steele, P. R.
name: Dobbie, P. D.
name: Faedi, F.
name: Gänsicke, B. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have searched for evidence for dust and gas disks at a sample of hot DA white dwarfs 20 000K < Teff < 50 000K, without success. Although their atmospheres are polluted with heavy elements, we cannot yet convincingly and conclusively show that any of these objects is accreting metals from surrounding material derived from disrupted minor planets in an old solar system.
description: Part of PlanetsbeyondMS/2010 proceedings http://arxiv.org/html/1011.6606
Nernst effect by laser-pulse heating in Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O superconducting thin films
Creators: name: Lengfellner, Hans
name: Schnellbögl, Andreas
name: Betz, Josef
name: Prettl, Wilhelm
name: Renk, Karl Friedrich
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 74.60.Ge, 74.75.+t, 72.15.He, 78.20.Ls

description: The Nernst effect has been observed in a high-temperature superconductor with a laser-pulse-heating method. Irradiating a Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O film by a short laser pulse, a voltage signal transverse to an external, surface-parallel magnetic field has been observed. This signal is attributed to vortex depinning and vortex transport driven by the laser-induced temperature gradient. We describe our results by thermal flux tube activation and find a distribution of pinning energies from about 100 to 4000 K.