cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Finite-Connectivity Spin-Glass Phase Diagrams and Low Density Parity Check Codes
Creators: name: Migliorini, Gabriele
name: Saad, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain phase diagrams of regular and irregular finite connectivity spin-glasses. Contact is firstly established between properties of the phase diagram and the performances of low density parity check codes (LDPC) within the Replica Symmetric (RS) ansatz. We then study the location of the dynamical and critical transition of these systems within the one step Replica Symmetry Breaking theory (RSB), extending similar calculations that have been performed in the past for the Bethe spin-glass problem. We observe that, away from the Nishimori line, in the low temperature region, the location of the dynamical transition line does change within the RSB theory, in comparison with the (RS) case. For LDPC decoding over the binary erasure channel we find, at zero temperature and rate R=1/4 an RS critical transition point located at p_c = 0.67 while the critical RSB transition point is located at p_c = 0.7450, to be compared with the corresponding Shannon bound 1-R. For the binary symmetric channel (BSC) we show that the low temperature reentrant behavior of the dynamical transition line, observed within the RS ansatz, changes within the RSB theory; the location of the dynamical transition point occurring at higher values of the channel noise. Possible practical implications to improve the performances of the state-of-the-art error correcting codes are discussed.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures
On Nonlinear Hybrid Fractional Differential Equations with Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo Derivative
Creators: name: Sutar, Sagar T.
name: Kucche, Kishor D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we develop the theory of nonlinear hybrid fractional differential equations involving Atangana--Baleanu--Caputo (ABC) fractional derivative. We construct the equivalent fractional integral equation and establish the existence results through it. Further, we build up the theory of inequalities for ABC--hybrid fractional differential equations and use it to examine the uniqueness, existence of a maximal and minimal solution and the comparison results.
description: 19
Why do People Stay? Insider Advantages and Immobility
Creators: name: Fischer, Peter A.
name: Holm, Einar
name: Malmberg, Gunnar
name: Straubhaar, Thomas
name: Fischer, Peter A.
name: Holm, Einar
name: Malmberg, Gunnar
name: Straubhaar, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: The low mobility of people in Europe is considered a problem for adjustment to asymmetric shocks and regional convergence in the European Monetary Union. We suggest a complement to the traditional migration theories, the insider advantages approach to explain why most Europeans prefer to stay. Staying immobile they have accumulated work- and leisure-oriented insider advantages that are location-specific and would be lost in the case of emigration. Therefore, the longer people have stayed - and the more insider advantages they have accumulated -, the less likely they are to move. Using a new micro dataset covering all people resident in Sweden in 1994 and their mobility experience since 1985, we find a strong positive duration dependence of the probability to stay. Traditional micro-economic characteristics prove helpful in explaining immobility, while regional macro-economic differences have surprisingly little impact on individual mobility decisions. A large proportion of the moves between Swedish labour markets seem to be related to specific life-course events rather than to pure labour market issues. Wieso ist die Mobilität der Arbeitskräfte innerhalb der Europäischen Union - aller Freizügigkeit zum Trotz - so gering? Traditionelle Theorieansätze vermögen die schwach ausgeprägte Wanderungsintensität der EU-Angehörigen nur begrenzt zu er - klären. Denn eigentlich sollten die teilweise beträchtlichen Einkommens - und Beschäftigungsunterschiede zu weit mehr Migration innerhalb der EU führen. In diesem Diskussionspapier entwickeln wir eine Idee, die sehr wohl zu erklären vermag, weshalb für die meisten Menschen "stehen" die bessere Alternative als "gehen" ist. Der Insider-Ansatz macht deutlich, weshalb für die individuelle Entscheidung eine grenz- und kulturraumüberschreitende Wanderung die Ausnahme und nicht die Regel ist. Die empirische Überprüfung mit Hilfe eines neuen originären Mikro-Datensets, das die gesamte schwedische Wohnbevölkerung enthält, bestätigt die These, dass die Verweil- dauer einen direkten positiven Einfluss auf die Verharrenswahrscheinlichkeit ausübt. Wer lange an einem Ort lebt, wird immer wahrscheinlicher an diesem Ort bleiben!
Structure and Thermodynamics of the Mixed Alkali Alanates
Creators: name: Graetz, J.
name: Lee, Y.
name: Reilly, J. J.
name: Park, S.
name: Vogt, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermodynamics and structural properties of the hexahydride alanates (M2M'AlH6) with the elpasolite structure have been investigated. A series of mixed alkali alanates (Na2LiAlH6, K2LiAlH6 and K2NaAlH6) were synthesized and found to reversibly absorb and desorb hydrogen without the need for a catalyst. Pressure-composition isotherms were measured to investigate the thermodynamics of the absorption and desorption reactions with hydrogen. Isotherms for catalyzed (4 mol% TiCl3) and uncatalyzed Na2LiAlH6 exhibited an increase in kinetics, but no change in the bulk thermodynamics with the addition of a dopant. A structural analysis using synchrotron x-ray diffraction showed that these compounds favor the Fm-3m space group with the smaller ion (M') occupying an octahedral site. These results demonstrate that appropriate cation substitutions can be used to stabilize or destabilize the material and may provide an avenue to improving the unfavorable thermodynamics of a number of materials with promising gravimetric hydrogen densities.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures,3 tables, submitted to PRB
Electroweak Constraints on Effective Theories with U(2)xU(1) Flavor Symmetry
Creators: name: Han, Zhenyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous analysis presented in hep-ph/0412166, electroweak constraints were given on arbitrary linear combinations of a set of dimension-6 operators. Flavor universality and thus U(3)^5 flavor symmetry were assumed for the operators. In this article, we expand the analysis to account for the flavor-dependent theories that distinguish the third generation of fermions from the light two generations. We still assume flavor universality for the light two generations to avoid large FCNCs. Consequently, the U(3)^5 flavor symmetry is relaxed to [U(2)xU(1)]^5, and therefore more operators are added. We calculate the corrections to electroweak precision observables, assuming arbitrary coefficients for the operators. The corrections are combined with the standard model predictions and the experimental data to obtain the chi^2 distribution as a function of the operator coefficients. We apply our result to constrain two flavor-dependent extensions of the standard model: the simplest little Higgs model and a model with an SU(2)xSU(2)xU(1) gauge group.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Three-dimensional heat transfer effects in external layers of a magnetized neutron star
Creators: name: Kondratyev, Ilya A.
name: Moiseenko, Sergey G.
name: Bisnovatyi-Kogan, Gennady S.
name: Glushikhina, Maria V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determination of a magnetic field structure on a neutron star (NS) surface is an important problem of a modern astrophysics. In a presence of strong magnetic fields a thermal conductivity of a degenerate matter is anisotropic. In this paper we present 3D anisotropic heat transfer simulations in outer layers of magnetized NSs, and construct synthetic thermal light curves. We have used a different from previous works tensorial thermal conductivity coefficient of electrons, derived from the analytical solution of the Boltzmann equation by the Chapman-Enskog method. We have obtained a NS surface temperature distribution in presence of dipole-plus-quadrupole magnetic fields. We consider a case, in which magnetic axes of a dipole and quadrupole components of the magnetic field are not aligned. To examine observational manifestations of such fields we have generated thermal light curves for the obtained temperature distributions using a composite black-body model. It is shown, that the simplest (only zero-order spherical function in quadrupole component) non-coaxial dipole-plus-quadrupole magnetic field distribution can significantly affect the thermal light curves, making pulse profiles non-symmetric and amplifying pulsations in comparison to the pure-dipolar field.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS, 12 pages, 7 figures
Operators’ perceptions of abattoir waste management: evidence from a semi-urban Nigerian city
Creators: name: Ogunseye, Nathaniel Oluwaseun
name: Ademola, Ifeoluwa T.
name: Dada, Olanrewaju T.
name: Badiora, Adewunmi I.
name: Odufuwa, Bashir O.
name: Alaka, Chikodi D.
Publisher: name: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality
Year: 2021

description: This study appraises abattoir operators’ perceptions of waste management at Ijebu Igbo Abattoir in Ogun State, Nigeria. Random sampling technique was used to collect primary data from 127 abattoir operators and data obtained were complemented with field observation. Data were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Major findings reveal that abattoir operation is male-dominated (57%) with considerable youth involvement. Findings also reveal that current waste management practices at the abattoir were unsatisfactory. It was found out that recycling of abattoir waste is yet to be fully harnessed despite the existing potentials. Chi-square (χ2) tested result established a statistically significant relationship between abattoir operators’ socio-demographic characteristics and their perceptions of waste collection effectiveness. Finally, the study presents suggestions for sustainable abattoir waste management at the Ijebu Igbo Abattoir and facilities with similar attributes.
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 43 (2021)
Supplementary Material for "Random Walk for modelling Multi Core Fiber cross-talk and step distribution characterisation"
Creators: name: Ottino, Alessandro
Publisher: name: University College London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 100507 Optical Networks and Systems
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 100506 Optical Fibre Communications
subject: 111302 Optical Technology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 20504 Photonics, Optoelectronics and Optical Communications
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supplementary material with detailed explanations of statements and conclusion proposed in "Random Walk for modelling Multi Core Fiber cross-talk and step distribution characterisation" by A. Ottino et al.
It includes mathematical derivation of original phase shift for every core pair, proof that the proposed model converges to the most widely used in literature and analytical and Monte-Carlo characterisation of IC-XT step distribution.
This information provides better insight and understanding of the work proposed in the respective manuscript
Determinants of the Informal Economy: The Importance of Regional Factors
Creators: name: Krakowski, Michael
name: Krakowski, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: informal sector
subject: tax evasion
subject: business regulation

description: This paper analyses the determinants of the size of the informal economy using cross-country regressions. Two sets of global data using indirect estimation techniques and the perception of business leaders for 109 countries as well as a regional set for Latin America based on direct data are used to estimate the size of the informal economies. Indirect estimation techniques arrive at higher estimates of the size of the informal economy than the perceptions of business leaders because they include not only the (fundamentally legal) activities of the informal sector, but also those activities which are illegal per se. Both kinds of estimate show strong regional differences in the size of the informal economies. Regressions on a set of indicators covering the intensity of regulations, taxes and the cost of establishing a business reveal that the intensity of labour regulations seems to be the most important factor in explaining the size of the informal economy in cross-country regressions using the rational behaviour approach. Socio-cultural indicators are only important in explaining the size of the informal economies in Latin America. Government efficiency is an important factor in explaining the size of the informal economy in world regressions. Regional regressions reveal that different aspects of governance dominate the relationship between government efficiency and the size of the informal economy in the different regions. Governments that seek to limit or decrease the size of the informal economy must therefore start from a country-specific analysis of the reasons why economic agents choose to conduct their business in the informal sector.
On Compatibility of Discrete Relations
Creators: name: Kornyak, Vladimir V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An approach to compatibility analysis of systems of discrete relations is proposed. Unlike the Groebner basis technique, the proposed scheme is not based on the polynomial ring structure. It uses more primitive set-theoretic and topological concepts and constructions. We illustrate the approach by application to some two-state cellular automata. In the two-state case the Groebner basis method is also applicable, and we compare both approaches.
description: 13 pages; to be published in the CASC-2005 proceedings; conclusions added
What if the neutron star maximum mass is beyond $\sim2.3 M_{\odot}$?
Creators: name: Wu, Xuhao
name: Du, Shuang
name: Xu, Renxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By assuming the formation of a black hole soon after the merger event of GW170817, Shibata et al. updated the constraints on the maximum mass ($M_\textrm{max}$) of a stable neutron star within $\lesssim$ 2.3 $M_{\odot}$, but there is no solid evidence to rule out $M_\textrm{max}>2.3~M_{\odot}$ from the point of both microphysical and astrophysical views. In order to explain massive pulsars, it is naturally expected that the equation of state (EOS) would become stiffer beyond a specific density. In this paper, we consider the possibility of EOSs with $M_\textrm{max}>2.3~M_{\odot}$, investigating the stiffness and the transition density in a polytropic model. Two kinds of neutron stars are considered, i.e., normal neutron stars (the density vanishes on gravity-bound surface) and strange stars (a sharp density discontinuity on self-bound surface). The polytropic model has only two parameter inputs in both cases: ($ρ_{\rm t}$, $γ$) for gravity-bound objects, while ($ρ_{\rm s}$, $γ$) for self-bound ones, with $ρ_{\rm t}$ the transition density, $ρ_{\rm s}$ the surface density and $γ$ the polytropic exponent. In the matter of $M_\textrm{max}>2.3~M_{\odot}$, it is found that the smallest $ρ_{\rm t}$ and $γ$ should be $\sim 0.50~ρ_0$ and $\sim 2.65$ for normal neutron stars, respectively, whereas for strange star, we have $γ> 1.40$ if $ρ_{\rm s} > 1.0~ρ_0$ and $ρ_{\rm s} < 1.58~ρ_0$ if $γ<2.0$ ($ρ_0$ is the nuclear saturation density). These parametric results could guide further research of the real EOS with any foundation of microphysics if a pulsar mass higher than $2.3~M_{\odot}$ is measured in the future. We also derive rough results of common neutron star radius range, which is $9.8~\rm{km} < R_{1.4} < 13.8~\rm{km}$ for normal neutron stars and $10.5~\rm{km} < R_{1.4} < 12.5~\rm{km}$ for strange stars.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Multi-scalar Gauss-Bonnet gravity -- hairy black holes and scalarization
Creators: name: Doneva, Daniela D.
name: Staykov, Kalin V.
name: Yazadjiev, Stoytcho S.
name: Zheleva, Radostina Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper we consider multi-scalar extension of Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity. We focus on multi-scalar Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet models whose target space is a three-dimensional maximally symmetric space, namely either $\mathbb{S}^3$, $\mathbb{H}^3$ or $\mathbb{R}^3$, and in the case when the map $\text{\it spacetime} \to \text{\it target space}$ is nontrivial. We prove numerically the existence of black holes in this class of models for several Gauss-Bonnet coupling functions, including the case of scalarization. We also perform systematic study of a variety of black hole characteristics and the space-time around them, such as the area of the horizon, the entropy and the radius of the photon sphere. One of the most important properties of the obtained solutions is that the scalar charge is zero and thus the scalar dipole radiation is suppressed which leads to much weaker observational constraints compared to the majority of modified theories possessing a scalar degree of freedom. For one of the coupling functions we could find branches of scalarized black holes which have a nontrivial structure -- there is non-uniqueness of the scalarized solutions belonging to a single branch and there is a region of the parameter space where most probably stable scalarized black holes coexist with the stable Schwarzschild black holes. Such a phenomena can have a clear observational signature.
A bijection between certain non-crossing partitions and sequences
Creators: name: Natarajan, Rekha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a bijection between non-crossing partitions of the set $[2n+1]$ into $n+1$ blocks such that no block contains two consecutive integers, and the set of sequences $\{s_{i}\}_{1}^{n}$ such that $1 \leq s_{i} \leq i$, and if $s_{i}=j$, then $s_{i-r} \leq j-r$ for $1 \leq r \leq j-1$.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Deflation of Vacuum Energy During Inflation Due to Bulk-Brane Interaction
Creators: name: Bisabr, Y.
name: Ahmadi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a brane world inflationary model in which inflation is driven by dynamics of a self-interacting scalar field living in the five-dimensional bulk. The scalar field is non-minimally coupled to matter fields on the brane and acts as an inflaton which induces a slow-roll inflation. We show that although the Friedmann equation is modified at early times due to effects of the extra dimension, the slow-roll condition is the same as that of the four-dimensional case. Due to the non-minimal coupling of matter with the bulk scalar, there is an energy transfer between the two components. We investigate the conditions under which the direction of this energy transfer can be from matter onto the bulk scalar. There are at least two advantages in this case: 1) It establishes a mechanism by which a large effective cosmological term on the brane is deflated during the inflation period. 2) The energy flow onto the bulk inflaton gives a more strongly damped evolution of the scalar field in the slow-roll region for a given potential. We then show that our results are supported by numerical estimations with quadratic and exponential potentials.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Maintenance therapy and drug holiday in sarcoma patients: systematic review
Creators: name: Lebellec, Loïc
name: Anne-Sophie Defachelles
name: Pierre-Yves Cren
name: Penel, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Purpose: Overall prognosis of advanced sarcoma remains poor, optimization of systemic treatment is urgently needed in this setting. Materials and methods: We systematically reviewed fully published English-speaking literature about maintenance therapy and drug holiday in sarcoma patients management. Results: We found that switch maintenance therapy with cyclophosphamide/vinorelbine improves the outcome of localized high-risk rhabdomyosarcoma. There is no other maintenance therapy recommended in sarcoma patients. After classical chemotherapy, maintenance therapy with immune-stimulating agents for localized osteosarcoma, bevacizumab for advanced angiosarcoma or pediatric advanced sarcoma, or mTOR inhibitors for metastatic sarcoma does not improve the outcome. Drug holiday has been assessed for metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor treated with imatinib as the first-line therapy or for metastatic soft-tissue sarcoma treated with trabectedin. Drug holiday has been found to lead to rapid disease progression and should be avoided. Conclusions: Data about both maintenance and drug holiday are spare in sarcoma management.
Irrational proofs for three theorems of Stanley
Creators: name: Beck, Matthias
name: Sottile, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15, 52C07

description: We give new proofs of three theorems of Stanley on generating functions for the integer points in rational cones. The first, Stanley's reciprocity theorem, relates the rational generating functions for the integer points in a cone K and for those in its interior. The second, Stanley's Positivity theorem asserts that the generating function of the Ehrhart quasipolynomial of a rational polytope P can be written as a rational function with nonnegative numerator. The third, Stanley's Monotonicity Theorem, asserts that if a polytope Q contains P, then each coefficient in the numerator for Q is at least as large as the corresponding coefficient in the numerator for P. Our proofs are based on elementary (primary school) counting afforded by irrational decompositions of rational polyhedra.
description: 7 pages. Minor revisions
ADABIY ASARLARDA VATANPARVARLIK MOTIVINING O'RNI VA UNING O'ZGARISHI
Creators: name: Jumanova, Gozzal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Мазкур мақолада  ватан ҳақидаги кечинмаларнинг берилиш усуллари, ўзига хослиги очиб берилген. Шоираларнинг шеърларидаги лирик қаҳрамон ватан хакидаги мотив оркали ўзгача услубда ижодгорнинг махоратини курсатиб беради. Шоираларнинг ижодида кечинмалар турли ҳил деталлар асосида бадиий ифода этилади.
O'Mahony, Anthony; Gunner, Göran; Hintlian, Kevork (Hrsg.): The Christian Heritage in the Holy Land
Creators: name: Suermann, Harald
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 85 (2001): Oriens christianus, Band 85
Hadronic fluctuations in the QGP
Creators: name: Karsch, F.
name: Ejiri, S.
name: Redlich, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze fluctuations of quark number and electric charge, in 2-flavour QCD at finite temperature and vanishing net baryon number density. In the hadronic phase we find that an enhancement of charge fluctuations arises from contributions of doubly charged hadrons to the thermodynamics. The rapid suppression of fluctuations seen in the high temperature phase suggests that in the QGP quark number and electric charge are predominantly carried by quasi-particles with the quantum numbers of quarks.
description: 4 pages, 6 EPS-files, talk presented at Quark Matter 2005, Budapest
CSM_SAR_HSC_VAS_effect_of_pile_spacing_ (1).pdf
Creators: name: Dr. Sikandar Ankush Rasal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 90501 Civil Geotechnical Engineering

description: Interaction analysis of three storeyed building frame supported on pile foundationAbstract. The study deals with physical modeling of a typical three storeyed building frame supported by a pile group of four piles (2×2) embedded in cohesive soil mass using three dimensional finite element analysis. For the purpose of modeling, the elements such as beams, slabs and columns, of the superstructure frame; and that of the pile foundation such as pile and pile cap are descretized using twenty noded isoparametric continuum elements. The interface between the pile and the soil is idealized using sixteen node isoparametric surface element. The soil elements are modeled using eight nodes, nine nodes and twelve node continuum elements. The present study considers the linear elastic behaviour of the elements of superstructure and substructure (i.e., foundation). The soil is assumed to behave non-linear. The parametric study is carried out for studying the effect of soil- structure interaction on response of the frame on the premise of sub-structure approach. The frame is analyzed initially without considering the effect of the foundation (non-interaction analysis) and then, the pile foundation is evaluated independently to obtain the equivalent stiffness; and these values are used in the interaction analysis. The spacing between the piles in a group is varied to evaluate its effect on the interactive behaviour of frame in the context of two embedment depth ratios. The response of the frame included the horizontal displacement at the level of each storey, shear force in beams, axial force in columns along with the bending moments in beams and columns. The effect of the soil- structure interaction is observed to be significant for the configuration of the pile groups and in the context of non-linear behaviour of soil. Keywords: soil-structure interaction; pile spacing; embedment depth; pile diameter; storey displacement; bending moment; shear force; axial force
SAR_HSC_PAD.pdf
Creators: name: Dr. Sikandar Ankush Rasal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90501 Civil Geotechnical Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: ABSTRACT The study deals with physical modeling of a typical three storeyed building frame supported by pile foundation using three dimensional finite elements. The foundation comprises of pile group having four piles arrangement and embedded in cohesive soil mass. For the purpose of modeling, the elements of the superstructure frame such as beams, columns and slab; and that of the pile foundation such as pile and pile cap are descretized using twenty noded isoparametric continuum element. The interface between the pile and the soil is idealized using sixteen node isoparametric surface element. The more refined finite element mesh is used in the present study for modeling soil element as compared to the one used in the similar study reported in the literature (Chore and Ingle 2008). Three different elements are used for discretizing the soil. The soil elements are modeled using eight nodes, nine nodes and twelve node continuum elements. The present study considers the linear elastic behaviour of the superstructure and substructure (i.e., foundation) elements including that of soil. Further, the immediate behaviour of the soil is considered and total stresses in soil are considered. The parametric study is carried out for studying the effect of soil- structure interaction on response of the frame. The frame is analyzed initially without considering the effect of the foundation and then, the pile foundation is evaluated independently to obtain the equivalent stiffness; and these values are used in the interaction analysis. The spacing between the piles in a group is varied to evaluate its effect on the interactive behaviour of frame. The response of the frame included the displacement at each storey level of the frame along with the bending moments in columns. The effect of the soil- structure interaction is observed to be significant for the type of foundation and soil considered in the present study.
Pattern Informatics and Its Application for Optimal Forecasting of Large Earthquakes in Japan
Creators: name: Nanjo, K. Z.
name: Rundle, J. B.
name: Holliday, J. R.
name: Turcotte, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pattern informatics (PI) technique can be used to detect precursory seismic activation or quiescence and make earthquake forecast. Here we apply the PI method for optimal forecasting of large earthquakes in Japan, using the data catalogue maintained by the Japan Meteorological Agency. The PI method is tested to forecast large (magnitude m >= 5) earthquakes for the time period 1995-2004 in the Kobe region. Visual inspection and statistical testing show that the optimized PI method has forecasting skill, relative to the seismic intensity data often used as a standard null hypothesis. Moreover, we find a retrospective forecast that the 1995 Kobe earthquake (m = 7.2) falls in a seismically anomalous area. Another approach to test the forecasting algorithm is to create a future potential map for large (m >= 5) earthquake events. This is illustrated using the Kobe and Tokyo regions for the forecast period 2000-2009. Based on the resulting Kobe map we point out several forecasted areas: the epicentral area of the 1995 Kobe earthquake, the Wakayama area, the Mie area, and the Aichi area. The Tokyo forecasted map was created prior to the occurrence of the Oct. 23, 2004 Niigata earthquake (m = 6.8) and the principal aftershocks with m >= 5.0. We find that these events occurred in a forecasted area in the Tokyo map. The PI technique for regional seismicity observation substantiates an example showing considerable promise as an intermediate-term earthquake forecasting in Japan.
description: 36 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Internal-Illumination Photoacoustic Tomography Enhanced by a Graded-scattering Fiber Diffuser
Creators: name: Li, Mucong
name: Vu, Tri
name: Sankii, Georgy
name: Winship, Brenton
name: Boydston, Kohldon
name: Terry, Russell
name: Zhong, Pei
name: Yao, Junjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The penetration depth of photoacoustic imaging in biological tissues has been fundamentally limited by the strong optical attenuation when light is delivered externally through the tissue surface. To address this issue, we previously reported internal-illumination photoacoustic imaging using a customized radial-emission optical fiber diffuser, which, however, has complex fabrication, high cost, and non-uniform light emission. To overcome these shortcomings, we have developed a new type of low-cost fiber diffusers based on a graded-scattering method in which the optical scattering of the fiber diffuser is gradually increased as the light travels. The graded scattering can compensate for the optical attenuation and provide relatively uniform light emission along the diffuser. We performed Monte Carlo numerical simulations to optimize several key design parameters, including the number of scattering segments, scattering anisotropy factor, divergence angle of the optical fiber, and reflective index of the surrounding medium. These optimized parameters collectively result in uniform light emission along the fiber diffuser and can be flexibly adjusted to accommodate different applications. We fabricated and characterized the prototype fiber diffuser made of agarose gel and intralipid. Equipped with the new fiber diffuser, we performed thorough proof-of-concept studies on ex vivo tissue phantoms and an in vivo swine model to demonstrate the deep-imaging capability (~10 cm achieved ex vivo) of photoacoustic tomography. We believe that the internal light delivery via the optimized fiber diffuser is an effective strategy to image deep targets (e.g., kidney) in large animals or humans.
The value of sorafenib trough levels in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma – a substudy of the SORAMIC trial
Creators: name: Labeur, Tim A.
name: Hofsink, Quincy
name: R. Bart Takkenberg
name: Delden, Otto M. Van
name: Mathôt, Ron A. A.
name: Schinner, Regina
name: Malfertheiner, Peter
name: Amthauer, Holger
name: Schütte, Kerstin
name: Bristi Basu
name: Kuhl, Christiane
name: Mayerle, Julia
name: Ricke, Jens
name: Heinz-Josef Klümpen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: Sorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is dose adjusted by toxicity. Preliminary studies have suggested an association between plasma concentrations of sorafenib and its main metabolite (M2) and clinical outcomes. This study aimed to validate these findings and establish target values for sorafenib trough concentrations. Methods: Patients with advanced HCC were prospectively recruited within a multicenter phase II study (SORAMIC). Patients with blood samples available at trough level were included for this pharmacokinetic (PK) substudy. Trough plasma concentrations of sorafenib and its main metabolite (M2) were associated with sorafenib-related toxicity and overall survival (OS). Results: Seventy-four patients were included with a median OS of 19.7 months (95% CI 16.1–23.3). Patients received sorafenib for a median of 51 weeks (IQR 27–62) and blood samples were drawn after a median of 25 weeks (IQR 10–42). Patients had a median trough concentration of 3217 ng/ml (IQR 2166–4526) and 360 ng/ml (IQR 190–593) with coefficients of variation of 65% and 146% for sorafenib and M2, respectively. Patients who experienced severe sorafenib-related toxicity received a lower average daily dose (551 vs 730 mg/day, p = .003), but showed no significant differences in sorafenib (3298 vs 2915 ng/ml, p = .442) or M2 trough levels (428 vs 283 ng/ml, p = .159). Trough levels of sorafenib or M2 showed no significant association with OS. Conclusions: In patients with advanced HCC treated with sorafenib, the administered dose, trough levels of sorafenib or M2, and clinical outcomes were poorly correlated. Toxicity-adjusted dosing remains the standard for sorafenib treatment.
Daridorexant: First Approval
Creators: name: Markham, Anthony
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. A. Markham is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable.Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here.
Abstract
Daridorexant (Quviviq™; Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd.) is an orally administered dual orexin type 1 and type 2 (OX1 and OX2) receptor antagonist (DORA) being developed for the treatment of insomnia. It was selected from a pool of drug candidates on the basis of an expected effect duration of ≈ 8 hours at a dose of 25 mg, with a half-life intended to minimize residual effects that might impair daytime functioning. Based on the results of two pivotal phase III trials, daridorexant was recently approved in the USA for the treatment of adult patients with insomnia characterized by difficulties with sleep onset and/or sleep maintenance. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of daridorexant leading to this first approval.
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022
Chaos may enhance expressivity in cerebellar granular layer
Creators: name: Tokuda, Keita
name: Fujiwara, Naoya
name: Sudo, Akihito
name: Katori, Yuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent evidence suggests that Golgi cells in the cerebellar granular layer are densely connected to each other with massive gap junctions. Here, we propose that the massive gap junctions between the Golgi cells contribute to the representational complexity of the granular layer of the cerebellum by inducing chaotic dynamics. We construct a model of cerebellar granular layer with diffusion coupling through gap junctions between the Golgi cells, and evaluate the representational capability of the network with the reservoir computing framework. First, we show that the chaotic dynamics induced by diffusion coupling results in complex output patterns containing a wide range of frequency components. Second, the long non-recursive time series of the reservoir represents the passage of time from an external input. These properties of the reservoir enable mapping different spatial inputs into different temporal patterns.
Experimental Search for Pentaquarks
Creators: name: Hicks, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The experimental evidence for pentaquarks, both old an new, is discussed. Constraints due to $K^+N$ scattering data from previous decades is first reviewed, followed by experiments with positive evidence and those with null results. Finally, the problem of the narrow width of the Theta+ pentaquark is discussed, along with theoretical implications.
description: Review article for Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics (34 pages)
How optimal inhomogeneity produces high temperature superconductivity
Creators: name: Kivelson, Steven A.
name: Fradkin, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Before Vic Emery's untimely death, we had the privilege of working closely with him on the role of Coulomb frustrated phase separation in doped Mott insulators, and on the consequences of the resulting local electronic structures on the "mechanism" of high temperature superconductivity. In the present article, we discuss the resulting perspective on superconductivity in the cuprates, and on the more general theoretical issue of what sorts of systems can support high temperature superconductivity. We discuss some of the general, qualitative aspects of the experimental lore which we think should constrain any theory of the mechanism, and show how they are accounted for within the context of our theory.
description: 32 pages; 4 figures; to appear as a chapter in "Treatise of High Temperature Superconductivity" by J. Robert Schrieffer, to be published
Cooperative Cargo Transport by Several Molecular Motors
Creators: name: Klumpp, Stefan
name: Lipowsky, Reinhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transport of cargo particles which are pulled by several molecular motors in a cooperative manner is studied theoretically. The transport properties depend primarily on the maximal number, $N$, of motor molecules that may pull simultaneously on the cargo particle. Since each motor must unbind from the filament after a finite number of steps but can also rebind to it again, the actual number of pulling motors is not constant but varies with time between zero and $N$. An increase in the maximal number $N$ leads to a strong increase of the average walking distance (or run length) of the cargo particle. If the cargo is pulled by up to $N$ kinesin motors, e.g., the walking distance is estimated to be $5^{N-1}/N$ micrometers which implies that seven or eight kinesin molecules are sufficient to attain an average walking distance in the centimeter range. If the cargo particle is pulled against an external load force, this force is shared between the motors which provides a nontrivial motor-motor coupling and a generic mechanism for nonlinear force-velocity relationships. With increasing load force, the probability distribution of the instantenous velocity is shifted towards smaller values, becomes broader, and develops several peaks. Our theory is consistent with available experimental data and makes quantitative predictions that are accessible to systematic in vitro experiments.
description: 24 pages, latex, 6 figures, includes Supporting Text
Random walks, diffusion limited aggregation in a wedge, and average conformal maps
Creators: name: Sander, Leonard M.
name: Somfai, Ellak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) in a wedge geometry. Arneodo and collaborators have suggested that the ensemble average of DLA cluster density should be close to the noise-free selected Saffman-Taylor finger. We show that a different, but related, ensemble average, that of the conformal maps associated with random clusters, yields a non-trivial shape which is also not far from the Saffman-Taylor finger. However, we have previously demonstrated that the same average of DLA in a channel geometry is not the Saffman-Taylor finger. This casts doubt on the idea that the average of noisy diffusion-limited growth is governed by a simple transcription of noise-free results.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to Chaos
Human Capital, Schooling and Health Returns
Creators: name: Schultz, T. Paul
name: Schultz, T. Paul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: health
subject: productivity
subject: human capital
subject: schooling
subject: returns

description: A consensus has been forged in the last decade that recent periods of sustained growth in total factor productivity and reduced poverty are closely associated with improvements in a population's child nutrition, adult health, and schooling, particularly in low-income countries. Estimates of the productive returns from these three forms of human capital investment are nonetheless qualified by a number of limitations in our data and analytical methods. This paper reviews the problems that occupy researchers in this field and summarizes accumulating evidence of empirical regularities. Social experiments must be designed to assess how randomized policy interventions motivate families and individuals to invest in human capital, and then measure the changed wage opportunities of those who have been induced to make these investments.
One-hundred step measurement-based quantum computation multiplexed in the time domain with 25 MHz clock frequency
Creators: name: Asavanant, Warit
name: Charoensombutamon, Baramee
name: Yokoyama, Shota
name: Ebihara, Takeru
name: Nakamura, Tomohiro
name: Alexander, Rafael N.
name: Endo, Mamoru
name: Yoshikawa, Jun-ichi
name: Menicucci, Nicolas C.
name: Yonezawa, Hidehiro
name: Furusawa, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among various approaches toward quantum computation, measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC) multiplexed in time domain is currently a promising method for addressing the need for scalability. MBQC requires two components: cluster states and programmable measurements. With time-domain multiplexing, the former has been realized on an ultra-large-scale. The latter, however, has remained unrealized, leaving the large-scale cluster states unused. In this work, we make such a measurement system and use it to demonstrate basic quantum operations multiplexed in the time domain with 25 MHz clock frequency. We verify transformations of the input states and their nonclassicalities for single-step quantum operations and also observe multi-step quantum operations up to one hundred steps.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures
An eLearning Design Course for Library Staff
Creators: name: Yates, Steven
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 130313 Teacher Education and Professional Development of Educators

description: Abstract and presentation at MoodleMoot 2011 (Sydney 17-20 July 2011)
Boson Slave Solver (BoSS) v1.1
Creators: name: Georgescu, Alexandru B.
name: Kim, Minjung
name: Ismail-Beigi, Sohrab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate and computationally efficient modeling of systems of interacting electrons is an outstanding problem in theoretical and computational materials science. For materials where strong electronic interactions are primarily of a localized character and act within a subspace of localized quantum states on separate atomic sites (e.g., in transition metal and rare-earth compounds), their electronic behaviors are typically described by the Hubbard model and its extensions. In this work, we describe BoSS (Boson Slave Solver), a software implementation of the slave-boson method appropriate for describing a variety of extended Hubbard models, namely $p-d$ models that include both the interacting atomic sites ("$d$" states) and non-interacting or ligand sites ("$p$" states). We provide a theoretical background, a description of the equations solved by BoSS, an overview of the algorithms used, the key input/output and control variables of the software program, and tutorial examples of its use featuring band renormalization in SrVO$_3$, Ni $3d$ multiplet structure in LaNiO$_3$, and the relation between the formation of magnetic moments and insulating behavior in SmNiO$_3$. BoSS interfaces directly with popular electronic structure codes: it can read the output of the Wannier90 software package which postprocesses results from workhorse electronic structure software such as Quantum Espresso or VASP.