cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of a toroidal bubble on a cylinder surface with an application to geophysical exploration
Creators: name: Li, Shuai
name: Prosperetti, Andrea
name: van der Meer, Devaraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the operation of a seismic airgun source, a certain amount of compressed high-pressure air is released from the airgun chamber into the surrounding water, generating an expanding toroidal bubble attached to the airgun-body. The subsequent oscillations of the bubble generate low-frequency pressure waves, which are used to map the ocean subbottom, e.g., to locate oil and gas reserves. The bubble dynamic behavior and the emitted pressure waves are inevitably influenced by the airgun-body. However, the bubble-airgun-body interaction is far from well understood. This paper investigates the strong interaction between a long cylinder and an attached toroidal bubble via hundreds of boundary integral simulations, aiming to provide new physical insights for airgun-bubble dynamics. Firstly, the overall physical phenomena are discussed and three types of bubble collapse patterns are identified, namely (i) upward jetting due to gravity, (ii) annular jet toward the cylinder body and (iii) weak/no jet. Thereafter, we investigate the effects of the cylinder radius, initial bubble pressure and Froude number on the bubble oscillation period and the pressure wave induced by the bubble. At last, the impact of a cylinder on a Sercel type airgun-bubble is discussed with a particular focus on the spectrum of the pressure waves.
Indra Starke-Ottich & Georg Zizka (Hrsg.): Stadtnatur in Frankfurt. Vielfältig, schützenswert, notwendig.
Creators: name: Steinecke, Hilke
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2020

description: #
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 84 Nr. 1 (2020)
Detection and parameter estimation of binary neutron star merger remnants
Creators: name: Easter, Paul J.
name: Ghonge, Sudarshan
name: Lasky, Paul D.
name: Casey, Andrew R.
name: Clark, James A.
name: Vivanco, Francisco Hernandez
name: Chatziioannou, Katerina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detection and parameter estimation of binary neutron star merger remnants can shed light on the physics of hot matter at supranuclear densities. Here we develop a fast, simple model that can generate gravitational waveforms, and show it can be used for both detection and parameter estimation of post-merger remnants. The model consists of three exponentially-damped sinusoids with a linear frequency-drift term. The median fitting factors between the model waveforms and numerical-relativity simulations exceed 0.90. We detect remnants at a post-merger signal-to-noise ratio of $\ge 7$ using a Bayes-factor detection statistic with a threshold of 3000. We can constrain the primary post-merger frequency to $\pm_{1.2}^{1.4}\%$ at post-merger signal-to-noise ratios of 15 with an increase in precision to $\pm_{0.2}^{0.3}\%$ for post-merger signal-to-noise ratios of 50. The tidal coupling constant can be constrained to $\pm^{9}_{12}\%$ at post-merger signal-to-noise ratios of 15, and $\pm 5\%$ at post-merger signal-to-noise ratios of 50 using a hierarchical inference model.
Reheat Temperature and the Right-handed Neutrino Mass
Creators: name: Fukuyama, Takeshi
name: Kikuchi, Tatsuru
name: Naylor, Wade
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the reheating temperature in the instant preheating scenario. In this scenario, at the last stage of inflation, the inflaton field first decays into another scalar field with an enormous number density via the instant preheating mechanism. Subsequently, the produced scalar field decays into normal matter accompanied by the usual reheating mechanism. As an inflationary model, we identify the inflaton as a field which gives rise to a mass for the right-handed (s)neutrino. One of the interesting consequences of the instant preheating mechanism is the fact that the reheating temperature is proportional to the mass of the decayed particle, {\it the right-handed sneutrino}, $T_R \propto M_R$. This is very different from the ordinary perturbative reheating scenario in which the reheating temperature is proportional to the mass of the inflaton.
description: 3 pages, title changed, the version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Spin-Flip Interactions and the Puzzle of psi's Polarization at Tevatron
Creators: name: Liu, K. Y.
name: Ma, J. P.
name: Wu, X. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonrelativistic QCD provides a systematic approach for inclusive decays and productions of a quarkonium. By taking color-octet components into account, the approach can explain the $ψ'$-anomaly at Tevatron, where the measured production rate at large transverse momentum $p_\perp$ is in order of magnitude larger than the predicted with color-singlet components only. With the approach one can predict that the produced $J/ψ$ and $ψ'$ at large $p_\perp$ will be transversely polarized. But the prediction fails in confronting with experimental measurements and this generates a puzzle. We examine the role of spin-flip interactions in the spin density matrix of the transition of a color-octet charm quark pair into $J/ψ$ and $ψ'$. These interactions will introduce new nonperturbative parameters in the spin density matrix. Our result shows that the impact of the interactions is always to dilute the polarization and can be very significant. Taking the impact into account, predictions for the polarization are more close to the measured than the previous predicted. The same can also be expected for the polarization of $J/ψ$.
description: match the published version Phys.Lett.B645:180-184,2007
Nanoscale Real-Time Detection of Quantum Vortices at Millikelvin Temperatures
Creators: name: Guthrie, A.
name: Kafanov, S.
name: Noble, M. T.
name: Pashkin, Yu. A.
name: Pickett, G. R.
name: Tsepelin, V.
name: Dorofeev, A. A.
name: Krupenin, V. A.
name: Presnov, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since we still lack a theory of classical turbulence, attention has focused on the conceptually simpler turbulence in quantum fluids. Can such systems of identical singly-quantized vortices provide a physically accessible "toy model" of the classical counterpart? That said, we have hitherto lacked detectors capable of the real-time, non-invasive probing of the wide range of length scales involved in quantum turbulence. However, we demonstrate here the real-time detection of quantum vortices by a nanoscale resonant beam in superfluid $^4$He at 10 mK. The basic idea is that we can trap a single vortex along the length of a nanobeam and observe the transitions as a vortex is either trapped or released, which we observe through the shift in the resonant frequency of the beam. With a tuning fork source, we can control the ambient vorticity density and follow its influence on the vortex capture and release rates. But, most important, we show that these devices are capable of probing turbulence on the micron scale.
Interaction and disorder in bilayer counterflow transport at filling factor one
Creators: name: Tutuc, E.
name: Shayegan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study high mobility, interacting GaAs bilayer hole systems exhibiting counterflow superfluid transport at total filling factor $ν=1$. As the density of the two layers is reduced, making the bilayer more interacting, the counterflow Hall resistivity ($ρ_{xy}$) decreases at a given temperature, while the counterflow longitudinal resistivity ($ρ_{xx}$), which is much larger than $ρ_{xy}$, hardly depends on density. On the other hand, a small imbalance in the layer densities can result in significant changes in $ρ_{xx}$ at $ν=1$, while $ρ_{xy}$ remains vanishingly small. Our data suggest that the finite $ρ_{xx}$ at $ν=1$ is a result of mobile vortices in the superfluid created by the ubiquitous disorder in this system.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Long time dynamics for generalized Korteweg-de Vries and Benjamin-Ono equations
Creators: name: Bernier, Joackim
name: Grébert, Benoît
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide an accurate description of the long time dynamics of the solutions of the generalized Korteweg-De Vries (gKdV) and Benjamin-Ono (gBO) equations on the one dimension torus, without external parameters, and that are issued from almost any (in probability and in density) small and smooth initial data. We stress out that these two equations have unbounded nonlinearities. In particular, we prove a long-time stability result in Sobolev norm: given a large constant r and a sufficiently small parameter $ε$, for generic initial datum u(0) of size $ε$, we control the Sobolev norm of the solution u(t) for times of order $ε$^{--r}. These results are obtained by putting the system in rational normal form : we conjugate, up to some high order remainder terms, the vector fields of these equations to integrable ones on large open sets surrounding the origin in high Sobolev regularity.
Multi-Institutional Implementation of Farmer Field Schools among Nicaraguan Bean Growers. Do Different NGOs Perform Differently?
Creators: name: Labarta, Ricardo A.
name: Swinton, Scott M.
name: Labarta, Ricardo A.
name: Swinton, Scott M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This paper analyzes how different characteristics of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) working as extension providers affect the delivery of agricultural technologies to farmers. Using farm level data from 436 Nicaraguan bean growers, we evaluate how the institutional characteristics of the NGOs that implement farmer field schools (FFS) affect their impacts on farmer choices of pest management inputs, their adoption of integrated pest management (IPM) and resulting net revenues and pesticide exposure from bean production. After controlling for endogeneity of participation in IPM training programs and for a clustered and stratified sample design, results reveal that institutional focus, expertise in IPM and the capacity of extension providers implementing FFS significantly influence FFS impacts on input choices and adoption of IPM. FFS participation by itself has no influence on farmer' pest management decisions or their net revenues.
Die Teichräumung im Botanischen Garten schafft Platz für Nymphaea alba
Creators: name: Brude, Elke
name: König, Andreas
name: Nierbauer, Kai
name: Steinecke, Hilke
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2020

description: Im Winter 2018/2019 wurde der große Teich im Botanischen Garten Frankfurt abgelassen und entschlammt. Die Hybrid-Seerosen (Nymphaea odorata × alba) wurden entfernt, um Platz für eine Erhaltungskultur der in Hessen seltenen und vom Aussterben bedrohten Weißen Seerose (Nymphaea alba) zu schaffen.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 84 Nr. 1 (2020)
A Reappraisal of the Role of Agriculture in Economic Growth in Melanesian Countries
Creators: name: Fleming, Euan M.
name: Fleming, Pauline
name: Fleming, Euan M.
name: Fleming, Pauline
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: factoral terms of trade
subject: Melanesia
subject: smallholders
subject: total factor productivity

description: Fortunes in the agricultural sectors of four of the largest South Pacific countries are traced in recent decades by estimating the single factoral terms of trade index. The single factoral terms of trade are measured for agriculture in four Melanesian countries-Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu-over the period, 1970 to 2002. This index provides a useful method to assess changes in returns to factors employed in agricultural production in these countries. Except in Solomon Islands, farmers experienced a deteriorating index, indicating that they have reaped progressively lower returns to their resources. In Solomon Islands, returns to resources are shown to have increased slightly. A sustained contribution by the agricultural sector to economic growth requires a major improvement in returns to farm resources. Of the three components of the factoral terms of trade index, product price increases and cost decreases are argued to be unlikely to yield great dividends in the foreseeable future. Most potential lies in increasing TFP, which will depend on more effective work from the national research and extension services, and greater transfer of improved technologies from international research centres than achieved to date.
A priori tests of subgrid-scale models in an anisothermal turbulent channel flow at low mach number
Creators: name: Dupuy, Dorian
name: Toutant, Adrien
name: Bataille, Françoise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The subgrid-scale modelling of a low Mach number strongly anisothermal turbulent flow is investigated using direct numerical simulations. The study is based on the filtering of the low Mach number equations, suited to low Mach number flows with highly variable fluid properties. The results are relevant to formulations of the filtered low Mach number equations established with the classical filter or the Favre filter. The two most significant subgrid terms of the filtered low Mach number equations are considered. They are associated with the momentum convection and the density-velocity correlation. We focus on eddy-viscosity and eddy-diffusivity models. Subgrid-scale models from the literature are analysed and two new models are proposed. The subgrid-scale models are compared to the exact subgrid term using the instantaneous flow field of the direct numerical simulation of a strongly anisothermal fully developed turbulent channel flow. There is no significant differences between the use of the classical and Favre filter regarding the performance of the models. We suggest that the models should take into account the asymptotic near-wall behaviour of the filter length. Eddy-viscosity and eddy-diffusivity models are able to represent the energetic contribution of the subgrid term but not its effect in the flow governing equations. The AMD and scalar AMD models are found to be in better agreement with the exact subgrid terms than the other investigated models in the a priori tests.
Im Botaniker-Paradies: Der Emei Shan in Sichuan
Creators: name: Knickmann, Barbara
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2020

description: Der Emei-Shan ist ein Gebirgsstock in Sichuan/China. Am Emei-Shan entstanden über die Jahrhunderte viele buddhistische Klöster, die wenigen heute noch existierenden sind eine touristische Attraktion. Der Berg kann mit Hilfe einer Seilbahn oder über Treppen mit Zehntausenden von Stufen erkundet werden. Hier treffen die sino-japanischen und sino-himalayischen Floren aufeinander. Daher und aufgrund der geologischen Vielfalt und des ausgeprägten Reliefs ist die Artenvielfalt außerordentlich hoch. Einige typische Pflanzen der verschiedenen Waldgesellschaften am Emei Shan werden vorgestellt. Die Beobachtungen stammen von einer Exkursion im Mai 2017.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 84 Nr. 1 (2020)
Farmers' Post-Harvest Grain Management Choices under Liquidity Constraints and Impending Risks: Implications for Achieving Food Security Objectives in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Gabriel, Abebe H.
name: Hundie, Bekele
name: Gabriel, Abebe H.
name: Hundie, Bekele
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: post-harvest
subject: liquidity
subject: risk
subject: grain loss
subject: grain sales
subject: price fluctuations

description: The purpose of this paper is to explore into the relationships between farmers' post-harvest grain management practices/capacities on the one hand, and liquidity constraints and impending risks on the other, in the context of achieving food security objective at household and national levels. The findings are primarily based on a household survey data from 300 randomly selected major food grain producing peasant households in three rural districts of Ethiopia. Results indicate that farmers perceived post-harvest grain loss as an imminent risk, and that instant sales of grains after harvest are triggered by temporary but immediate liquidity preferences to meet various obligations in the absence of or limited sources of cash other than crops sales, and by an impending risk of post-harvest grain loss and the limited capacity to prevent it. While specific considerations are essential, the general policy implication is that post-harvest grain management needs to be taken on board as a matter of strategic policy concern, not just from the perspective of reducing losses but also from the view point of considering it as a viable and dynamic economic activity in terms of generation of employment, value addition and income linkages.
Two approaches to quantum gravity and M-(atrix) theory at large number of dimensions
Creators: name: Ydri, Badis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Gaussian approximation to the bosonic part of M-(atrix) theory with mass deformation is considered at large values of the dimension $d$. From the perspective of the gauge/gravity duality this action reproduces with great accuracy the stringy Hagedorn phase transition from a confinement (black string) phase to a deconfinement (black hole) phase whereas from the perspective of the matrix/geometry approach this action only captures a remnant of the geometric Yang-Mills-to-fuzzy-sphere phase where the fuzzy sphere solution is only manifested as a three-cut configuration termed the "baby fuzzy sphere" configuration. The Yang-Mills phase retains most of its characteristics with two exceptions: i) the uniform distribution inside a solid ball suffers a crossover at very small values of the gauge coupling constant to a Wigner's semi-circle law, and ii) the uniform distribution at small values of the temperatures is non-existent.
description: 47 pages, 14 figures
The Value of Crop Borders for Management of Potato Virus Y (PVY) in Seed Potatoes
Creators: name: Olson, Kent D.
name: Badibanga, Thaddee Mutumba
name: Radcliffe, Edward B.
name: Ragsdale, David W.
name: Olson, Kent D.
name: Badibanga, Thaddee Mutumba
name: Radcliffe, Edward B.
name: Ragsdale, David W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Potato virus Y (PVY) is a very serious problem throughout most major seed potato producing states. Seed potato producers in Minnesota and North Dakota were surveyed in early 2005 to assess their perception of the profitability and risks associated with using crop borders to manage PVY in seed lots. Twenty-three producers responded (a 25% response rate), and 5 said they had used crop borders in 2004. These 23 producers entered 152 seed lots into state seed certification programs and provided detailed information on 108. The median number of seed lots rejected for PVY was 1 per producer based on summer inspection and 0 based on winter trials. Of the 108 lots, 104 passed summer inspection for PVY. Seventy-four percent of the 89 lots sent in for the winter test were reported to have passed. Generations 1 and 2 were the most likely generations to be protected by a crop border. The use of crop borders was significant in explaining whether a seed lot had passed the winter test or not. Of the 32 seed lots planted within a crop border, 97% passed the winter test while 54% of the 57 seed lots that were not planted with a crop border passed the winter test. The use of a crop border had a significant positive impact on gross income from seed potatoes. However, the correlation between potential explanatory variables suggests a more intensive management level may be in use by the same producers who use crop borders.
Auf der Jagd nach Ritterspornen in Malawi – Eindrücke von einer Sammel- und Fotoexpedition
Creators: name: Schmidt, Marco
name: Dressler, Stefan
name: Jabbour, Florian
name: Faust, Elke
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2020

description: Die Stationen einer botanischen Sammel- und Fotoexpedition von Zomba im Süden bis zum Nyika-Plateau im Norden Malawis geben einen Einblick in Vegetationstypen und Florenelemente des Landes.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 84 Nr. 1 (2020)
On the stability of the primordial closed string gas
Creators: name: Cobas, Manuel A.
name: Osorio, M. A. R.
name: Suárez, María
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recast the study of a closed string gas in a toroidal container in the physical situation in which the single string density of states is independent of the volume because energy density is very high. This includes the gas for the well known Brandenberger-Vafa cosmological scenario. We describe the gas in the grandcanonical and microcanonical ensembles. In the microcanonical description, we find a result that clearly confronts the Brandenberger-Vafa calculation to get the specific heat of the system. The important point is that we use the same approach to the problem but a different regularization. By the way, we show that, in the complex temperature formalism, at the Hagedorn singularity, the analytic structure obtained from the so-called F-representation of the free energy coincides with the one computed using the S-representation.
description: 20 pages and 1 figure. The final version that appeared in JHEP
Der Skutari-See: einzigartiges Naturjuwel in Montenegro
Creators: name: Steinecke, Hilke
name: Schubert, Peter
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2020

description: Der Skutari-See liegt im Südosten von Montenegro und ist der größte See des Balkans. Zwei Drittel der Fläche des Sees liegen in Montenegro. Dieser Teil ist seit 1983 als Nationalpark ausgewiesen. Es handelt sich um ein einzigartiges Binnengewässer-Ökosystem. Charakteristisch sind im Norden des Sees die ausgedehnten Schwimmblattzonen mit Weißer Seerose und Wassernuss sowie das angrenzende Marschland. Im Frühling ist es überschwemmt. Der See bietet vielen Wasservögeln Lebensraum, so auch dem seltenen Krauskopf-Pelikan. Verschiedene Lebensräume am See mit ihrer Pflanzen- und Tierwelt werden vorgestellt.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 84 Nr. 1 (2020)
Changing Diets in China's Cities: Empirical Fact or Urban Legend?
Creators: name: Fuller, Frank H.
name: Dong, Fengxia
name: Fuller, Frank H.
name: Dong, Fengxia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: China
subject: demand models
subject: food consumption
subject: nonparametric analysis
subject: parametric tests
subject: structural change

description: China's economic reforms, which began in 1978, resulted in remarkable income growth, and urban Chinese consumers have responded by dramatically increasing their consumption of meat, other livestock products, and fruits and by decreasing consumption of grain-based foods. Economic prosperity, a growing openness to international markets, and domestic policy reforms have changed the food marketing environment for Chinese consumers and may have contributed to shifts in consumer preferences. The objective of this paper is to uncover evidence of structural change in food consumption among urban residents in China. Both parametric and nonparametric methods are used to test for structural change in aggregate household data from 1981 to 2004. The tests provided a reasonably clear picture of changing food consumption over the study period.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 09/12/07.
Proposal for a quantum traveling Brillouin resonator
Creators: name: Harris, Glen I.
name: Sawadsky, Andreas
name: Sfendla, Yasmine L.
name: Wasserman, Walter W.
name: Bowen, Warwick P.
name: Baker, Christopher G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brillouin systems operating in the quantum regime have recently been identified as a valuable tool for quantum information technologies and fundamental science. However, reaching the quantum regime is extraordinarily challenging, owing to the stringent requirements of combining low thermal occupation with low optical and mechanical dissipation, and large coherent phonon-photon interactions. Here, we propose an on-chip liquid based Brillouin system that is predicted to exhibit ultra-high coherent phonon-photon coupling with exceptionally low acoustic dissipation. The system is comprised of a silicon-based "slot" waveguide filled with superfluid helium. This type of waveguide supports optical and acoustical traveling waves, strongly confining both fields into a subwavelength-scale mode volume. It serves as the foundation of an on-chip traveling wave Brillouin resonator with a single photon optomechanical coupling rate exceeding $240$kHz. Such devices may enable applications ranging from ultra-sensitive superfluid-based gyroscopes, to non-reciprocal optical circuits. Furthermore, this platform opens up new possibilities to explore quantum fluid dynamics in a strongly interacting condensate.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
The SAMI -- Fornax Dwarfs Survey I: Sample, observations and the specific stellar angular momentum of dwarf elliptical galaxies
Creators: name: Scott, Nicholas
name: Eftekhari, F. Sara
name: Peletier, Reynier F.
name: Bryant, Julia J.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, Joss
name: Capaccioli, Massimo
name: Croom, Scott M.
name: Drinkwater, Michael
name: Falcon-Barroso, Jesus
name: Hilker, Michael
name: Iodice, Enrichetta
name: Lorente, Nuria F. P.
name: Mieske, Steffen
name: Spavone, Marilena
name: van de Ven, Glenn
name: Venhola, Aku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dwarf ellipticals are the most common galaxy type in cluster environments, however the challenges associated with their observation mean their formation mechanisms are still poorly understood. To address this, we present deep integral field observations of a sample of 31 low-mass ($10^{7.5}
description: 13 pages, 10 figures and an additional 10 pages of appendices. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
ALTERNATIVE GREEN PAYMENT POLICIES UNDER HETEROGENEITY WHEN MULTIPLE BENEFITS MATTER
Creators: name: Zhao, Jinhua
name: Kling, Catherine L.
name: Kurkalova, Lyubov A.
name: Zhao, Jinhua
name: Kling, Catherine L.
name: Kurkalova, Lyubov A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: environmental Lorenz curve
subject: multiple benefits of conservation tillage
subject: targeting subsidy policy

description: We investigate the environmental impacts of several forms of policies that offer farmers subsides in return for adoption of conservation tillage. The policies differ on whether the tillage practice or one of the environmental benefits is targeted. We develop an environmental Lorenz curve that fully represents the performance of the targeting policies, and we show that these curves can be used directly to help select the optimal targeting strategy for special classes of social welfare functions. We apply the model to the state of Iowa.
Rabi oscillations in the four-level double-dot structure under the influence of the resonant pulse
Creators: name: Tsukanov, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the quantum dynamics of an electron in the symmetric four-level double-dot structure under the influence of the monochromatic resonant pulse. The probability amplitudes of the eigenstates relevant for the quantum dynamics are found from the solution of the non-stationary Schrödinger equation. The first-order correction term to the solution obtained through the rotating wave approximation is calculated. The three-level double-dot dynamics and the two-level single-dot dynamics, as well as the off-resonant excitation process, are derived from the general formulae for corresponding choices of the pulse and structure parameters. The results obtained may be applied to the solid-state qubit design.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Bläulinge im Palmengarten und Botanischen Garten
Creators: name: Steinecke, Hilke
name: Schmidt, Marco
name: Jakobus, Bernd
name: Hawickhorst, Gisela
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2020

description: Der Palmengarten Frankfurt und der Botanische Garten Frankfurt weisen viele verschiedene Lebensräume auf. Zudem wird seit letztem Jahr die Blumenwiese durch ein angepasstes Mahdregime insektenfreundlicher gepflegt. In beiden Gärten gibt es einige Schmetterlings-Arten, darunter auch Bläulinge (Lycaenidae). Einige bei uns häufige Arten der Familie, der Hauhechelbäuling (Polyommatus icarus), Faulbaumbläuling (Celastrina argiolus), Kurzschwänzige Bläuling (Cupido argiades) und Kleine Feuerfalter (Lycaena phlaeas), sowie deren Ökologie werden hier kurz vorgestellt.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 84 Nr. 1 (2020)
Die Gattung Libocedrus (Cupressaceae s. str.) in Neukaledonien – eine Übersicht
Creators: name: Nimsch, Hubertus
name: Dörken, Veit
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2020

description: Die Pflanzenwelt Neukaledoniens hat sich unter einer etwa 100 Millionen Jahren fortwährender Isolation entwickelt und zahlreiche Endemiten hervorgebracht. Zu diesen zählen auch die drei Arten der Koniferengattung Libocedrus (L. austro-caledonica, L. chevalieri und L. yateensis). Deren Morphologie und Biologie wird nachfolgend vorgestellt.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 84 Nr. 1 (2020)
Interferometry search for new forms of matter in A+A collisions
Creators: name: Akkelin, S. V.
name: Sinyukov, Yu. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method allowing studies of the hadronic matter at the early evolution stage in A+A collisions is developed. It is based on an interferometry analysis of approximately conserved values such as the averaged phase-space density (APSD) and the specific entropy of thermal pions. The plateau found in the APSD behavior vs collision energy at SPS is associated, apparently, with the deconfinement phase transition at low SPS energies; a saturation of this quantity at the RHIC energies indicates the limiting Hagedorn temperature for hadronic matter.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, contribution to the Quark Matter 2005 proceedings, minor changes
Über die Entdeckung des Hibiscus storckii und seine Verwandtschaft zu Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
Creators: name: Preissel, Hans-Georg
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2020

description: Der deutsche Gärtner Berthold Seemann war Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts im Auftrag der britischen Admiralität weltweit als Naturforscher tätig. Bei der Erfassung der Flora der Fidschi-Inseln entdeckte er Hibiscus storckii, eine neue Hibiscus-Art. Bis heute sind sich die Botaniker uneinig, ob es sich hierbei tatsächlich um eine eigene Spezies handelt oder ob diese Pflanze dem Formenkreis von Hibiscus rosa-sinensis zuzuordnen ist.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 84 Nr. 1 (2020)
Stacking-dependent spin interactions in Pd/Fe bilayers on Re(0001)
Creators: name: Li, W.
name: Paul, S.
name: von Bergmann, K.
name: Heinze, S.
name: Wiesendanger, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory, we have studied the magnetic properties of Pd/Fe atomic bilayers on Re(0001). Two kinds of magnetic ground states are discovered due to different types of stacking of the Pd adlayer on Fe/Re(0001). For fcc-stacking of Pd on Fe/Re(0001), it is a spin spiral propagating along the close-packed direction with a period of about 0.9 nm, driven by frustrated exchange and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions. For the hcp stacking, the higher-order exchange interactions stabilize an uudd (up-up-down-down) state propagating perpendicular to the close-packed direction with a period of about 1.0 nm.
Integrated spectral analysis of 18 concentrated star clusters in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Piatti, A. E.
name: Santos, J. F. C.
name: Claria, J. J.
name: Bica, E.
name: Ahumada, A. V.
name: Parisi, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present in this study flux-calibrated integrated spectra in the range 3600-6800A for 18 concentrated SMC clusters. Cluster reddening values were estimated by interpolation between the extinction maps of Burstein & Heiles (1982, AJ, 87, 1165) and Schlegel et al. (1998, ApJ, 500, 525). The cluster parameters were derived from the template matching procedure by comparing the line strengths and continuum distribution of the cluster spectra with those of template cluster spectra with known parameters and from the equivalent width (EW) method. In this case, new calibrations were used together with diagnostic diagrams involving the sum of EWs of selected spectral lines. A very good agreement between ages derived from both methods was found. The final cluster ages obtained from the weighted average of values taken from the literature and the present measured ones range from 15 Mr (e.g. L51) to 7 Gyr (K3). Metal abundances have been derived for only 5 clusters from the present sample, while metallicity values directly averaged from published values for other 4 clusters have been adopted. Combining the present cluster sample with 19 additional SMC clusters whose ages and metal abundances were put onto a homogeneous scale, we analyse the age and metallicity distributions in order to explore the SMC star formation history and its spatial extent. By considering the distances of the clusters from the SMC centre instead of their projections onto the right ascension and declination axes, the present age-position relation suggests that the SMC inner disk could have been related to a cluster formation episode which reached the peak ~2.5 Gyr ago. Evidence for an age gradient in the inner SMC disk is also presented.
description: 21 pages, 21 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Estimation of Demand for Wheat by Classes for the United States and the European Union
Creators: name: Mohanty, Samarendu
name: Peterson, E. Wesley F.
name: Smith, Darnell B.
name: Mohanty, Samarendu
name: Peterson, E. Wesley F.
name: Smith, Darnell B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
International Relations/Trade

description: This study estimates demand for wheat differentiated by classes using a dynamic AIDS model for the United States and the European Union (EU). The results suggest that imported wheat is more price responsive than domestic wheat in the U.S. market but not in the EU market. The high price responsiveness of Canadian wheat in the U.S. market may suggest that the Canadian policy that reduces prices in the U.S. market or U.S. export subsidies that raise prices of U.S. wheat could be expected to give rise to substantial substitution of Canadian for U.S. wheat.
Density dependent quark mass model revisited: Thermodynamic consistency, stability windows and stellar properties
Creators: name: Backes, B. C.
name: Hafemann, E.
name: Marzolla, I.
name: Menezes, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work a density dependent quark model is revisited, its thermodynamic consistency checked and the stability window for absolutely stable quark matter obtained. The hypotheses of both pure quark matter with equal quark chemical potentials and stellar matter subject to chemical stability and charge neutrality are investigated. The parameters that appear in the density dependent mass and satisfy the Bodmer-Witten conjecture are then used to compute the masses and radii of strange stars. We show that the obtained values are compatible with the recently observed massive stars.
description: 9 pages, 12 figures
REGIONAL WELFARE PROGRAMS AND LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
Creators: name: Huffman, Sonya Kostova
name: Kilkenny, Maureen
name: Huffman, Sonya Kostova
name: Kilkenny, Maureen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: labor force participation
subject: regional welfare program participation
subject: state welfare policies
subject: TANF
subject: Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

description: Welfare program dependency and expenditures rise during recessions, while income tax revenues from working people fall. Thus, now that states are responsible for their own welfare programs, they need to know how responsive their citizens are to workplace and safety net opportunities. This paper investigates household welfare program and labor force participation behavior. A choice-theoretic model is developed and estimated for each of the four census regions (Northeast, Midwest, South, and West) using cross-sectional data on households, labor markets, and policies. We show that household responses to welfare program parameters do differ regionally. But we find that labor supply does not depend on welfare program participation or program payoffs. Furthermore, unlike under the previous welfare program, participation in Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) does not significantly reduce household labor supply. The finding of significant differences across regions justifies the efficiency rationale for the devolution of authority to the states. We also discuss how states may be able to contain expenditures on welfare programs.
A methodology for determining amino-acid substitution matrices from set covers
Creators: name: Porto, A. H. L.
name: Barbosa, V. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We introduce a new methodology for the determination of amino-acid substitution matrices for use in the alignment of proteins. The new methodology is based on a pre-existing set cover on the set of residues and on the undirected graph that describes residue exchangeability given the set cover. For fixed functional forms indicating how to obtain edge weights from the set cover and, after that, substitution-matrix elements from weighted distances on the graph, the resulting substitution matrix can be checked for performance against some known set of reference alignments and for given gap costs. Finding the appropriate functional forms and gap costs can then be formulated as an optimization problem that seeks to maximize the performance of the substitution matrix on the reference alignment set. We give computational results on the BAliBASE suite using a genetic algorithm for optimization. Our results indicate that it is possible to obtain substitution matrices whose performance is either comparable to or surpasses that of several others, depending on the particular scenario under consideration.
Medical marijuana and safe nursing practice in New Jersey
Creators: name: Aluko, Hilda U.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Purpose: Medical marijuana was approved in New Jersey in 2010. In the United States 36 states have approved medical marijuana, whereas it remains regulated as non-medicine by Federal regulation. Discrepancy in regulation at the state and federal level has created a lag in marijuana research and consequently contributed to the paucity of evidence-based resources for nurses caring for patients using medical marijuana. This challenges the safety of nursing practice related to care of these patients given the resultant impact on nurses’ education and knowledge. Reformation of the medical marijuana program in New Jersey in 2019 expanded access to medical marijuana for patients. However, the consistency and availability of nursing policies, guidelines and educational opportunities for care of patients on medical marijuana in healthcare settings in New Jersey were unknown. Methodology: Mixed model survey was used to explore New Jersey nurses’ awareness of current workplace nursing policies and/or guidelines related to care of patients enrolled in a medical marijuana program. Secondly, key elements of employer-provided medical marijuana nursing education were identified. Results: Three hundred sixty-six nurses participated in the survey. Exactly 16.7% of respondents reported workplace policy for use of medical marijuana by a registered qualified patient. Only 9.1% who responded received employer-provided medical marijuana related nursing education. Implications for Practice: Results of this research indicate the need to develop and disseminate consistent nursing policies and guidelines related to medical marijuana, and provide medical marijuana related nursing education to promote New Jersey nurses’ safe practice.
Propositionalization and Embeddings: Two Sides of the Same Coin
Creators: name: Lavrač, Nada
name: Škrlj, Blaž
name: Robnik-Šikonja, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data preprocessing is an important component of machine learning pipelines, which requires ample time and resources. An integral part of preprocessing is data transformation into the format required by a given learning algorithm. This paper outlines some of the modern data processing techniques used in relational learning that enable data fusion from different input data types and formats into a single table data representation, focusing on the propositionalization and embedding data transformation approaches. While both approaches aim at transforming data into tabular data format, they use different terminology and task definitions, are perceived to address different goals, and are used in different contexts. This paper contributes a unifying framework that allows for improved understanding of these two data transformation techniques by presenting their unified definitions, and by explaining the similarities and differences between the two approaches as variants of a unified complex data transformation task. In addition to the unifying framework, the novelty of this paper is a unifying methodology combining propositionalization and embeddings, which benefits from the advantages of both in solving complex data transformation and learning tasks. We present two efficient implementations of the unifying methodology: an instance-based PropDRM approach, and a feature-based PropStar approach to data transformation and learning, together with their empirical evaluation on several relational problems. The results show that the new algorithms can outperform existing relational learners and can solve much larger problems.
description: Accepted in MLJ
Impacts of Agricultural Practices and Policies on Potential Nitrate Water Pollution in the Midwest and Northern Plains of the United States
Creators: name: Wu, JunJie
name: Lakshminarayan, P.G.
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
name: Wu, JunJie
name: Lakshminarayan, P.G.
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: farming practices
subject: nitrogen runoff and leaching
subject: spatial heterogeneity
subject: disaggregated policy analysis

description: An empirical model is developed to estimate the effects of alternative farming practices on potential nitrogen runoff and leaching in 128,591 National Resources Inventory sites across the Midwest and the Northern Plains of the United States. This model integrates the effects of soils, climate, crops, and management practices on nitrogen loss. The model is applied to evaluation of two policy scenarios. The first scenario reduces N fertilizer application rates by 25 percent through the soil N test. The second replaces continuous cropping practices with crop rotations. The results show that policy effects vary widely across the study region. This analysis emphasizes the importance of conducting policy analysis on a disaggregated scale.
MPEC 2024-T237 : 2024 TR9
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 TR9

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Margot Spohn & Roland Spohn: Die Rinden unserer Bäume. Die 70 häufigsten Arten entdecken, bestimmen und verstehen
Creators: name: Steinecke, Hilke
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2020

description: #
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 84 Nr. 1 (2020)
Nonextensive triangle equality and other properties of Tsallis relative-entropy minimization
Creators: name: Dukkipati, Ambedkar
name: Murty, M. Narasimha
name: Bhatnagar, Shalabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kullback-Leibler relative-entropy has unique properties in cases involving distributions resulting from relative-entropy minimization. Tsallis relative-entropy is a one parameter generalization of Kullback-Leibler relative-entropy in the nonextensive thermostatistics. In this paper, we present the properties of Tsallis relative-entropy minimization and present some differences with the classical case. In the representation of such a minimum relative-entropy distribution, we highlight the use of the q-product, an operator that has been recently introduced to derive the mathematical structure behind the Tsallis statistics. One of our main results is generalization of triangle equality of relative-entropy minimization to the nonextensive case.
description: 15 pages, change of title, revision of triangle equality