cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
WebAssembly and Security: a review
Creators: name: Perrone, Gaetano
name: Romano, Simon Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: WebAssembly is revolutionizing the approach to developing modern applications. Although this technology was born to create portable and performant modules in web browsers, currently, its capabilities are extensively exploited in multiple and heterogeneous use-case scenarios. With the extensive effort of the community, new toolkits make the use of this technology more suitable for real-world applications. In this context, it is crucial to study the liaisons between the WebAssembly ecosystem and software security. Indeed, WebAssembly can be a medium for improving the security of a system, but it can also be exploited to evade detection systems or for performing cryptomining activities. In addition, programs developed in low-level languages such as C can be compiled in WebAssembly binaries, and it is interesting to evaluate the security impacts of executing programs vulnerable to attacks against memory in the WebAssembly sandboxed environment. Also, WebAssembly has been designed to provide a secure and isolated environment, but such capabilities should be assessed in order to analyze their weaknesses and propose new mechanisms for addressing them. Although some research works have provided surveys of the most relevant solutions aimed at discovering WebAssembly vulnerabilities or detecting attacks, at the time of writing, there is no comprehensive review of security-related literature in the WebAssembly ecosystem. We aim to fill this gap by proposing a comprehensive review of research works dealing with security in WebAssembly. We analyze 121 papers by identifying seven different security categories.
 We hope that our work will provide insights into the complex landscape of WebAssembly and guide researchers, developers, and security professionals towards novel avenues in the realm of the WebAssembly ecosystem.
Analytic calculation of energy transfer and heat flux in a one-dimensional system
Creators: name: Balakrishnan, V.
name: Broeck, C. Van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the problem of heat conduction in one-dimensional systems, we present an analytical calculation of the instantaneous energy transfer across a tagged particle in a one-dimensional gas of equal-mass, hard-point particles. From this, we obtain a formula for the steady-state energy flux, and identify and separate the mechanical work and heat conduction contributions to it. The nature of the Fourier law for the model, and the nonlinear dependence of the rate of mechanical work on the stationary drift velocity of the tagged particle, are analyzed and elucidated.
description: 17 pages including title page
Untitled Item
Creators: name: Bishnupriya Chhatriya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 60405 Gene Expression (incl. Microarray and other genome-wide approaches)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: supplementary tables for thesis submitted to calcutta university
Temperature dependence of photoluminescence of the dilute nitride semiconductor GaNA̜s₁₋
Creators: name: Beaton, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The design of a closed cycle optical cryostat for semiconductor crystal characterization is discussed. The system designed and developed is capable of performing photoluminescence, resistivity, and Hall measurements as a function of temperature from 10 K to higher than 300 K. Preliminary photoluminescence experiments are carried out as a test of the system. Results from the photoluminescence measurements show evidence for the existence of nitrogen clusters in GaNxAsi_x. The clusters are shown to produce states with energies inside the band gap. It has also been found that the introduction of bismuth, as a surfactant, during the growth process tends to reduce the density of the nitrogen clusters in the material.
title: From a cultural to a distributive issue: Public climate action as a new field for comparative political economy
Creators: name: Schwander, Hanna
name: Fischer, Jonas
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: climate change adaptation
subject: climate change mitigation
subject: comparative political economy
subject: electoral politics
subject: interest group politics
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: 340 Recht

description: This article reviews recent insights from the blooming Comparative Political Economy (CPE) literature on climate change with the aim to demonstrate the importance of integrating climate change into the field of CPE and to highlight the contributions of CPE to our understanding of the social and political obstacles to effective climate policies. In addition, we advance two key points to bring the CPE literature forward. To tighten the dialogue between the “electoral politics” and “interest group politics” approaches, we propose understanding climate politics as a triadic conflict between losers of climate change, losers of public climate action (PCA), and winners of PCA. Second, we argue that the scope of CPE studies needs expansion. While existing CPE literature predominantly focuses on climate change mitigation, it is essential to consider climate change adaptation due to its significant distributive implications at the macro‐ and micro‐levels of societies.
A primary quantum current standard based on the Josephson and the quantum Hall effects
Creators: name: Djordjevic, Sophie
name: Behr, Ralf
name: Poirier, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new definition of the ampere calls for a quantum current standard able to deliver a flow of elementary charges, $e$, controlled with a relative uncertainty of $10^{-8}$. Despite many efforts, nanodevices handling electrons one by one have never demonstrated such an accuracy for a net flow. The alternative route based on applying Ohm's law to the Josephson voltage and quantum Hall standards recently reached the target uncertainty in the milliampere range, but this was at the expense of the application of error corrections. Here, we present a new programmable quantum current generator, which combines both quantum standards and a superconducting cryogenic amplifier in a quantum electrical circuit enabling the current scaling without errors. Thanks to a full quantum instrumentation, we demonstrate the accuracy of the generated currents, in the microampere range, at quantized values, $\pm(n/p)ef_\mathrm{J}$, with relative uncertainties less than $10^{-8}$, where $n$ and $p$ are integer control parameters and $f_\mathrm{J}$ is the Josephson frequency. This experiment sets the basis of a universal quantum realization of the electrical units, for example able of improving high-value resistance measurements and bridging the gap with other quantum current sources.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, Methods (5 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables), Supplementary information (3 figures, one table)
Nuclear corrections of parton distribution functions
Creators: name: Hirai, M.
name: Kumano, S.
name: Nagai, T. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report global analysis results of experimental data for nuclear structure-function ratios F_2^A/F_2^{A'} and proton-nucleus Drell-Yan cross-section ratios sigma_{DY}^{pA}/sigma_{DY}^{pA'} in order to determine optimum parton distribution functions (PDFs) in nuclei. An important point of this analysis is to show uncertainties of the distributions by the Hessian method. The results indicate that the uncertainties are large for gluon distributions in the whole x region and for antiquark distributions at x>0.2. We provide a code for calculating any nuclear PDFs at given x and Q^2 for general users. They can be used for calculating high-energy nuclear reactions including neutrino-nucleus interactions, which are discussed at this workshop.
description: 1+6 pages, LaTeX, 10 eps files, espcrc2.sty, to be published in Nucl. Phys. B Supplements, Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Neutrino-Nucleus Interactions in the Few GeV Region (NuInt04), Gran Sasso, Italy, March 17-21, 2004. Nuclear PDF library is available at http://hs.phys.saga-u.ac.jp/nuclp.html
Evolution of the $B$-Meson Light-Cone Distribution Amplitude in Laplace Space
Creators: name: Galda, Anne Mareike
name: Neubert, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $B$-meson light-cone distribution amplitude is a central quantity governing non-perturbative hadronic dynamics in exclusive $B$ decays. We show that the information needed to describe such processes at leading power in $Λ_{\rm QCD}/m_b$ is most directly contained in its Laplace transform $\tildeϕ_+(η)$. We derive the renormalization-group (RG) equation satisfied by this function and present its exact solution. We express the RG-improved QCD factorization theorem for the decay $B^-\toγ\ell^-\barν$ in terms of $\tildeϕ_+(η)$ and show that it is explicitly independent of the factorization scale. We propose an unbiased parameterization of $\tildeϕ_+(η)$ in terms of a small set of uncorrelated hadronic parameters.
description: 7 pages, 2 nice figures; version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D (Rapid Communications)
title: “Dark taxonomy”: A new protocol for overcoming the taxonomic impediments for dark taxa and broadening the taxon base for biodiversity assessment
Creators: name: Meier, Rudolf
name: Srivathsan, Amrita
name: Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira
name: Balbi, Maria Isabel P.A.
name: Ang, Yuchen
name: Yeo, Darren
name: Kjærandsen, Jostein
name: Amorim, Dalton De Souza
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 570 Biologie
subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: We are entering the sixth mass extinction with little data for “dark taxa”, although they comprise most species. Much of the neglect is due to the fact that conventional taxonomic methods struggle with handling thousands of specimens belonging to hundreds of species. We thus here propose a new strategy that we call “dark taxonomy”. It addresses (i) taxonomic impediments, (ii) the lack of biodiversity baselines and (iii) the low impact of revisionary research. Taxonomic impediments are reduced by carrying out revisions at small geographic scales to keep the number of specimens low. The risk of taxonomic error is reduced by delimiting species based on two types of data. We furthermore show that dark taxonomy can yield important biodiversity baseline data by using samples obtained with biomonitoring traps. Lastly, we argue that the impact of revisionary research can be improved by publishing two papers addressing different readerships. The principles of dark taxonomy are illustrated by our taxonomic treatment of Singapore's fungus gnats (Mycetophilidae) based only on Malaise trap samples. We show that a first batch of specimens ( N  = 1454) contains 120 species, of which 115 are new to science, thus reducing taxonomic impediments by increasing the number of described Oriental species by 25%. Species delimitation started with using DNA barcodes to estimate the number of Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) before “LIT” (Large‐scale Integrative Taxonomy) was used to obtain the species boundaries for the 120 species by integrating morphological and molecular data. To test the taxonomic completeness of the revision, we next analysed a second batch of 1493 specimens and found that >97% belonged to the 120 species delimited based on the first batch. Indeed, the second batch only contained 18 new and rare MOTUs, i.e. our study suggests that a single revision can simultaneously yield the names for all important species and relevant biodiversity baseline data. Overall, we believe that “dark taxonomy” can quickly ready a large unknown taxon for biomonitoring.
Podocerus jareckii Baldinger & Gable 2002
Creators: name: Sir, Sally J.
name: White, Kristine N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Podoceridae
Podocerus
Podocerus jareckii

description: Podocerus jareckii Baldinger & Gable, 2002
Figs 30, 33 D
Podocerus jareckii Baldinger & Gable, 2002: 3–11, figs 1–5.
Material examined.
Panama • 2.4 mm • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Bocas del Toro, Swan Cay, 9.4536°N, 82.3000°W, among coral rubble; 27 June 2023; K. N. White leg; USNM 1743977.
Diagnosis.
Maxilla 2 inner and outer plates each with one row of apical setae. Gnathopod 2 propodus with proximal robust seta, dactylus bent at angle. Uropod 1 interramal spine present. Uropod 2 interramal spine absent.
Distribution.
British Virgin Islands: Guana Island (Baldinger and Gable 2002); Panama: Bocas del Toro (present study).
Ecology and remarks.
This species occurs among coral rubble at a depth of 2.3–2.4 m. Panamanian specimens closely resemble the original description with the following exceptions: male dorsal robust setae starting on pereonite 5–7 (vs pereonite 2–7); gnathopod 2 merus with two robust setae (vs 1); telson with four apical setae (vs 5). Live specimens are orange, purple-red, and white in color.
description: Published as part of Sir, Sally J. & White, Kristine N., 2025, Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part IV: parvorder Caprellidira, pp. 151-205 in ZooKeys 1234 on pages 151-205, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1234.145826
Supplementary Tables
Creators: name: Bishnupriya Chhatriya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 60405 Gene Expression (incl. Microarray and other genome-wide approaches)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: supplementary tables for thesis submitted to calcutta university
Modelling light curves of bipolar core collapse supernovae from the equatorial plane
Creators: name: Soker, Noam
name: Kaplan, Noa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the two-components bipolar toy model of core collapse supernova (CCSN) ejecta to fit the rapid decline from maximum luminosity in the light curve of the type IIb CCSN SN 2018gk (ASASSN-18am). In this toy model we use a template light curve from a different CCSN that is similar to SN 2018gk, but that has no rapid drop in its light curve. The bipolar morphology that we model with a polar ejecta and an equatorial ejecta increases the maximum luminosity and causes a steeper decline for an equatorial observer, relative to a similar spherical explosion. The total energy and mass of our toy model for SN 2018gk are E=5e51 erg and M=2.7Mo. This explosion energy is more than what a neutrino-driven explosion mechanism can supply, implying that jets exploded SN 2018gk. These energetic jets likely shaped the ejecta to a bipolar morphology, as our toy model requires. We crudely estimate that f=2-5% of all CCSNe show this behavior, most being hydrogen deficient (stripped-envelope) CCSNe, as we observe them from the equatorial plane. We estimate the overall fraction of CCSNe that have a pronounced bipolar morphology to be 5-15% of all CCSNe.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
On Bars, Bulges and Fuelling of Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Wyse, Rosemary F. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both fuelling of a central black hole and the build-up of bulges are -- at least theoretically -- facilitated by non-axisymmetric potentials. It is argued here that the recently established surface brightness division between bulge-dominated galaxies that dominate the local type 2 AGN luminosity function, and disk-dominated galaxies that host (at best) weak AGN can be understood in terms of a simple bar-instability criterion.
description: 10 pages, no figures, ApJ Letters, accepted
Influence of the structural modulations and the Chain-ladder interaction in the $Sr\_{14-x}Ca\_{x}Cu\_{24}O\_{41}$ compounds
Creators: name: Gellé, Alain
name: Lepetit, Marie-Bernadette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the effects of the incommensurate structural modulations on the ladder subsystem of the $Sr\_{14-x}Ca\_{x}Cu\_{24}O\_{41}$ family of compounds using ab-initio explicitly-correlated calculations. From these calculations we derived $t-J$ model as a function of the fourth crystallographic coordinate $τ$ describing the incommensurate modulations. It was found that in the highly calcium-doped system, the on-site orbital energies are strongly modulated along the ladder legs. On the contrary the two sites of the ladder rungs are iso-energetic and the holes are thus expected to be delocalized on the rungs. Chain-ladder interactions were also evaluated and found to be very negligible. The ladder superconductivity model for these systems is discussed in the light of the present results.
description: 8 octobre 2004
The potential use of climate forecasts by community water system managers
Creators: name: Yarnal, Brent
name: Heasley, Amy L.
name: O'Connor, Robert E.
name: Dow, Kirstin
name: Jocoy, Christine L.
name: Yarnal, Brent
name: Heasley, Amy L.
name: O'Connor, Robert E.
name: Dow, Kirstin
name: Jocoy, Christine L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This study investigates the possible use of climate forecasts by Pennsylvania Community Water System (CWS) managers for planning and decision making. The first phase involves analysis of data from a mail survey to identify managers most likely to use climate forecasts. The second phase uses semi-structured interviews with the managers of large surface-water systems to determine the extent to which they currently use forecasts, the circumstances in which they would be most likely to integrate forecasts into their planning, and the formats that would encourage them to use forecasts. Analysis of the survey data demonstrates that managers of the largest systems are more likely to use forecasts than managers of smaller systems. The interviews reveal that theses VWS managers do not currently use climate forecasts for planning, even under extreme drought, but that there are circumstances in which they would consider doing so. In a broader context, the findings suggest that when scientists work with decision-makers, they should be prepared, first to learn about the decision-making context, then to put the information of concern into that context and, finally, to work closely with the decision-makers to help them gain experience using that information.
Feasibility of 2D antiscatter grid concept for flat panel detectors: preliminary investigation of primary transmission properties
Creators: name: Altunbas, Cem
name: Zhong, Yuncheng
name: Shaw, Chris C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Suppressing the effects of scattered radiation in flat panel detector, FPD, based CBCT still remains to be a challenge. To address the scatter problem, we have been investigating the feasibility of a two dimensional antiscatter grid (2D ASG) concept for FPDs. Although a 2D ASG can potentially provide high scatter rejection capability, primary transmission characteristics of a 2D ASG and its implications in image quality plays a more critical role in implementation of the 2D ASG concept. Thus, in this work, a computational model was developed to investigate the primary transmission properties of the 2D ASG for various grid and FPD pixel geometries, and the improvement in signal to noise ratio,SNR, was calculated analytically to demonstrate the impact of 2D ASG's transmission characteristics on image quality. Computational model showed that average primary transmission fraction (Tp) strongly depends on the septal thickness of 2D ASG, and 2D ASG can provide higher Tp than existing radiographic ASGs at a septal thickness of 0.1 mm. Due to the higher Tp, 2D ASG was also predicted to provide SNR improvements in projections in low to moderate scatter environments typically observed in CBCT imaging. On the other hand, the model also indicated that the shadow or footprint of the 2D ASG leads to spatially nonuniform variations in primary signal in FPD pixels. Reduction of septal thickness and optimization of 2D ASG's pitch may play an essential role in reducing such variations in primary image signal, and avoiding potential image artifacts associated with 2D ASG's footprint.
"SLHA.tar.gz" of "Search for direct top-squark pair production in final states with two leptons in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=8TeV with the ATLAS detector"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2014

description: Link to SLHA/ directory containing all .slha files provided by ATLAS experiment
description: CERN-LHC. A search is presented for direct top-squark pair production in final states with two leptons (electrons or muons) of opposite charge using 20.3 fb^-1 of pp collision data at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider in 2012. No excess over the Standard Model expectation is found. The results are interpreted under the separate assumptions (i) that the top squark decays to a b-quark in addition to an on-shell chargino whose decay occurs via a real or virtual W boson, or (ii) that the top squark decays to a t-quark and the lightest neutralino. A top squark with a mass between 150 GeV and 445 GeV decaying to a b-quark and an on-shell chargino is excluded at 95% confidence level for a top squark mass equal to the chargino mass plus 10 GeV, in the case of a 1 GeV lightest neutralino. Top squarks with masses between 215 (90) GeV and 530 (170) GeV decaying to an on-shell (off-shell) t-quark and a neutralino are excluded at 95% confidence level for a 1 GeV neutralino.
Time evolution of the local density of states of strongly correlated fermions coupled to a nanoprobe
Creators: name: Blum, Tobias
name: Noack, Reinhard M.
name: Manmana, Salvatore R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the time evolution of a one-dimensional system of strongly correlated electrons (a 'sample') that is suddenly coupled to a smaller, initially empty system (a 'nanoprobe'), which can subsequently move along the system. Our purpose here is to study the role of interactions in this model system when it is far from equilibrium. We therefore take both the sample and the nanoprobe to be described by a Hubbard model with on-site repulsive interactions and nearest-neighbor hopping. We compute the behavior of the local particle density and the local density of states (LDOS) as a function of time using time-dependent matrix product states at quarter and at half filling, fillings at which the chain realizes a Luttinger liquid or a Mott insulator, respectively. This allows us to study in detail the oscillation of the particles between the sample and the nanoprobe. While, for noninteracting systems, the LDOS is time-independent, in the presence of interactions, the backflow of electrons to the sample will lead to nontrivial dynamics in the LDOS. In particular, studying the time-dependent LDOS allows us to study how the Mott gap closes locally and how this melting of the Mott insulator propagates through the system in time after such a local perturbation -- a behavior that we envisage can be investigated in future experiments on ultrashort time scales or on optical lattices using microscopy setups.
Влияние на уровни транспортного шума и выбросов мероприятий по повышению эффективности использования наземного транспорта в г. Московский
Creators: name: О.А. Лебедев
name: Ю.И. Элькин
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91301 Acoustics and Noise Control (excl. Architectural Acoustics)
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: В данной статье отмечено, что автомобильный транспорт является источником значительного загрязнения окружающей среды шумом и выбросами. Представлены результаты исследования шумового загрязнения от автотранспорта улично-дорожной сети и от временной стройплощадки в г. Московский. Отмечено, что измеренные уровни шума на исследуемом объекте (1-й микрорайон г. Московский) превышают предельно-допустимые. Предложены меры по шумозащите для достижения санитарных норм в жилой застройке. Также предложены мероприятия и приведены результаты расчетов по снижению валовых выбросов загрязняющих веществ от непассажирского автотранспорта в указанном городе.
Ground states in relatively bounded quantum perturbations of classical lattice systems
Creators: name: Yarotsky, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider ground states in relatively bounded quantum perturbations of classical lattice models. We prove general results about such perturbations (existence of the spectral gap, exponential decay of truncated correlations, analyticity of the ground state), and also prove that in particular the AKLT model belongs to this class if viewed at large enough scale. This immediately implies a general perturbation theory about this model.
description: 25 pages
Pseudospectral approximation of Hopf bifurcation for delay differential equations
Creators: name: de Wolff, Babette
name: Scarabel, Francesca
name: Lunel, Sjoerd Verduyn
name: Diekmann, Odo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34K18, 37M20, 65P30, 65L03, 92D25

description: Pseudospectral approximation reduces DDE (delay differential equations) to ODE (ordinary differential equations). Next one can use ODE tools to perform a numerical bifurcation analysis. By way of an example we show that this yields an efficient and reliable method to qualitatively as well as quantitatively analyse certain DDE. To substantiate the method, we next show that the structure of the approximating ODE is reminiscent of the structure of the generator of translation along solutions of the DDE. Concentrating on the Hopf bifurcation, we then exploit this similarity to reveal the connection between DDE and ODE bifurcation coefficients and to prove the convergence of the latter to the former when the dimension approaches infinity.
description: 12 figures
Product Roadmap Alignment: Extended references
Creators: name: Stefan Trieflinger, Jürgen Münch
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150302 Business Information Systems
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: List of the extended references of the paper "Product Roadmap Alignment – Achieving the Vision Together: A Grey Literature Review by Stefan Trieflinger, Jürgen Münch, Emre Bogazköy, Patrick Eißler, Jan Schneider and Bastian Roling
Entanglement Generation and Stabilization by Coherent Collisions
Creators: name: Bozkurt, A. Mert
name: López, Rosa
name: Ryu, Sungguen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collision is a useful tool for revealing quantum effects and realizing quantum informational tasks. We demonstrate that repeated collisions by itinerant electrons can dissipatively drive two remote spin qubits into an entangled state in a generic collisional framework. A coherent spin exchange with either qubit facilitates entanglement generation. When combined with proper local driving, these collisions induce an entangled steady state in most collision configurations. Particularly, the collision which is symmetric for the two qubits results in a unique steady state close to a maximally entangled state. Due to the dissipative nature of the process, the entanglement persists in the presence of decoherence, provided the collision frequency exceeds the decoherence rate. Our model can be experimentally implemented using single-electron sources.
Spin-driven evolution of asteroids' top-shapes at fast and slow spins seen from (101955) Bennu and (162173) Ryugu
Creators: name: Hirabayashi, Masatoshi
name: Nakano, Ryota
name: Tatsumi, Eri
name: Walsh, Kevin J.
name: Barnouin, Olivier S.
name: Michel, Patrick
name: Hartzell, Christine M.
name: Britt, Daniel T.
name: Sugita, Seiji
name: Watanabe, Sei-ichiro
name: Bottke, William F.
name: Scheeres, Daniel J.
name: Ballouz, Ronald-Louis
name: Cho, Yuichiro
name: Morota, Tomokatsu
name: Howell, Ellen S.
name: Lauretta, Dante S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proximity observations by OSIRIS-REx and Hayabusa2 provided clues on the shape evolution processes of the target asteroids, (101955) Bennu and (162173) Ryugu. Their oblate shapes with equatorial ridges, or the so-called top shapes, may have evolved due to their rotational conditions at present and in the past. Different shape evolution scenarios were previously proposed; Bennu's top shape may have been driven by surface processing, while Ryugu's may have been developed due to large deformation. These two scenarios seem to be inconsistent. Here, we revisit the structural analyses in earlier works and fill a gap to connect these explanations. We also apply a semi-analytical technique for computing the cohesive strength distribution in a uniformly rotating triaxial ellipsoid to characterize the global failure of top-shaped bodies. Assuming that the structure is uniform, our semi-analytical approach describes the spatial variations in failed regions at different spin periods; surface regions are the most sensitive at longer spin periods, while interiors fail structurally at shorter spin periods. This finding suggests that the shape evolution of a top shape may vary due to rotation and internal structure, which can explain the different evolution scenarios of Bennu's and Ryugu's top shapes. We interpret our results as the indications of top shapes' various evolution processes.
description: 27 pages, 1 table, 7 figures, In Press in Icarus (2020)
Finding the reconstructions of semiconductor surfaces via a genetic algorithm
Creators: name: Chuang, F. C.
name: Ciobanu, C. V.
name: Shenoy, V. B.
name: Wang, C. Z.
name: Ho, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we show that the reconstructions of semiconductor surfaces can be determined using a genetic procedure. Coupled with highly optimized interatomic potentials, the present approach represents an efficient tool for finding and sorting good structural candidates for further electronic structure calculations and comparison with scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) images. We illustrate the method for the case of Si(105), and build a database of structures that includes the previously found low-energy models, as well as a number of novel configurations.
description: 4 figures, 1 table
A robust fiber-based quantum thermometer coupled with nitrogen-vacancy centers
Creators: name: Zhang, Shao-Chun
name: Dong, Yang
name: Du, Bo
name: Lin, Hao-Bin
name: Li, Shen
name: Zhu, Wei
name: Wang, Guan-Zhong
name: Chen, Xiang-Dong
name: Guo, Guang-Can
name: Sun, Fang-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond has been broadly applied in quantum sensing since it is sensitive to different physical quantities. Meanwhile, it is difficult to isolate disturbances from unwanted physical quantities in practical applications. Here, we present a robust fiber-based quantum thermometer which can significantly isolate the magnetic field noise and microwave power shift. With a frequency modulation scheme, we realize the temperature measurement by detecting the variation of the sharp-dip in the zero-field optically detected magnetic resonance spectrum in a high-density nitrogen-vacancy ensemble. Thanks to its simplicity and compatibility in implementation and robustness in the isolation of magnetic and microwave noise, this quantum thermometer is then applied to the surface temperature imaging of an electronic chip with a sensitivity of $18$ $\rm{mK}/\sqrt{\rm{Hz}}$. It paves the way to high sensitive temperature measurement in ambiguous environments.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Sizey: Memory-Efficient Execution of Scientific Workflow Tasks
Creators: name: Bader, Jonathan
name: Skalski, Fabian
name: Lehmann, Fabian
name: Scheinert, Dominik
name: Will, Jonathan
name: Thamsen, Lauritz
name: Kao, Odej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As the amount of available data continues to grow in fields as diverse as bioinformatics, physics, and remote sensing, the importance of scientific workflows in the design and implementation of reproducible data analysis pipelines increases. When developing workflows, resource requirements must be defined for each type of task in the workflow. Typically, task types vary widely in their computational demands because they are simply wrappers for arbitrary black-box analysis tools. Furthermore, the resource consumption for the same task type can vary considerably as well due to different inputs. Since underestimating memory resources leads to bottlenecks and task failures, workflow developers tend to overestimate memory resources. However, overprovisioning of memory wastes resources and limits cluster throughput.
 Addressing this problem, we propose Sizey, a novel online memory prediction method for workflow tasks. During workflow execution, Sizey simultaneously trains multiple machine learning models and then dynamically selects the best model for each workflow task. To evaluate the quality of the model, we introduce a novel resource allocation quality (RAQ) score based on memory prediction accuracy and efficiency. Sizey's prediction models are retrained and re-evaluated online during workflow execution, continuously incorporating metrics from completed tasks.
 Our evaluation with a prototype implementation of Sizey uses metrics from six real-world scientific workflows from the popular nf-core framework and shows a median reduction in memory waste over time of 24.68% compared to the respective best-performing state-of-the-art baseline.
description: Paper accepted in 2024 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER)
Эффективность мероприятий по снижению шума расточного и осетокарных станков
Creators: name: А.Е. Шашурин
name: А.А. Лубянченко
name: М.Г. Гогуадзе
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91301 Acoustics and Noise Control (excl. Architectural Acoustics)
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Повышенные уровни шума на рабочих местах металлообрабатывающих предприятий один из превалирующих вредных факторов. Анализ компоновок станков показывает, что методом вибропоглощения не всегда даёт высокий результат и не снижает уровни шума до нормативных значений. Для снижения шума все чаще используются различные ограждения и экраны. В статье подробно описаны методы расчета таких конструкций с учетом параметров помещения, с учетом геометрических размеров конструкций. Выполнение расчетов по полученным формулам позволяет значительно уточнить расчет уровней звукового давления от источников и соответственно, систем снижения шума. Разработка мероприятий по шумозащите с предложенной методикой позволит снизить уровней шума в цехах металлообрабатывающих предприятий до нормативных значений.
Wavy Line Wilson Loops in the AdS/CFT correspondence
Creators: name: Young, Donovan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Wilson loops which are close to straight, infinite lines are considered in the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence. The work concentrates on CFT side calculations. The one line self energy and the connected correlator of two lines are considered. Results are presented as functionals of the "waviness" function which describes the departure of the Wilson loop from a straight line. The calculations are performed to second order in waviness. The one wavy line expectation value is computed to second order in the 't Hooft coupling, while the two wavy line correlator is calculated to third (leading) order in the 't Hooft coupling. Comparisons of the CFT results to AdS side calculations show behaviour consistent with the AdS/CFT correspondence.
Hard Sphere Dynamics for Normal and Granular Fluids
Creators: name: Dufty, James W.
name: Baskaran, Aparna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fluid of N smooth, hard spheres is considered as a model for normal (elastic collisions) and granular (inelastic collisions) fluids. The potential energy is discontinuous for hard spheres so the pairwise forces are singular and the usual forms of Newtonian and Hamiltonian mechanics do not apply. Nevertheless, particle trajectories in the N particle phase space are well defined and the generators for these trajectories can be identified. The first part of this presentation is a review of the generators for the dynamics of observables and probability densities. The new results presented in the second part refer to applications of these generators to the Liouville dynamics for granular fluids. A set of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the generator for this Liouville dynamics is identified in a special "stationary representation". This provides a class of exact solutions to the Liouville equation that are closely related to hydrodynamics for granular fluids.
description: Submitted for publication in the Proceedings of Workshop on Nonlinear Dynamics in Astronomy and Physics, eds. S. Gottesmann and J. R. Buchler (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2005)
General Relativity Histories Theory
Creators: name: Savvidou, Ntina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The canonical description is based on the prior choice of a spacelike foliation, hence making a reference to a spacetime metric. However, the metric is expected to be a dynamical, fluctuating quantity in quantum gravity. After presenting the developments in the History Projection Operator histories theory in the last seven years--giving special emphasis on the novel temporal structure of the formalism--we show how this problem can be solved in the histories formulation of general relativity. We implement the 3+1 decomposition using metric-dependent foliations which remain spacelike with respect to all possible Lorentzian metrics. This allows us to find an explicit relation of covariant and canonical quantities which preserves the spacetime character of the canonical description. In this new construction we have a coexistence of the spacetime diffeomorphisms group Diff(M) and the Dirac algebra of constraints.
description: 9 pages, revtex, for the proceedings of the Piombino II conference
RunMC - an object-oriented analysis framework for Monte Carlo simulation of high-energy particle collisions
Creators: name: Chekanov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: RunMC is an object-oriented framework aimed to generate and to analyse high-energy collisions of elementary particles using Monte Carlo simulations. This package, being based on C++ adopted by CERN as the main programming language for the LHC experiments, provides a common interface to different Monte Carlo models using modern physics libraries. Physics calculations (projects) can easily be loaded and saved as external modules. This simplifies the development of complicated calculations for high energy physics in large collaborations.This desktop program is open-source licensed and is available on the LINUX and Windows/Cygwin platforms.
description: 15 pages, 1 eps figure, accepted by Comp. Phys. Commun
A Showcase of the Use of Autoencoders in Feature Learning Applications
Creators: name: Charte, David
name: Charte, Francisco
name: del Jesus, María J.
name: Herrera, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autoencoders are techniques for data representation learning based on artificial neural networks. Differently to other feature learning methods which may be focused on finding specific transformations of the feature space, they can be adapted to fulfill many purposes, such as data visualization, denoising, anomaly detection and semantic hashing. This work presents these applications and provides details on how autoencoders can perform them, including code samples making use of an R package with an easy-to-use interface for autoencoder design and training, \texttt{ruta}. Along the way, the explanations on how each learning task has been achieved are provided with the aim to help the reader design their own autoencoders for these or other objectives.
description: This manuscript was accepted as conference paper in IWINAC 2019. The final authenticated publication is available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19651-6_40
"SLHA.tar.gz" of "Search for direct production of charginos, neutralinos and sleptons in final states with two leptons and missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2014

description: Link to SLHA/ directory containing all .slha files provided by ATLAS experiment
description: CERN-LHC. Searches for the electroweak production of charginos, neutralinos and sleptons in final states characterized by the presence of two leptons (electrons and muons) and missing transverse momentum are performed using 20.3 fb^-1 of proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV recorded in 2012 with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. No significant excess beyond Standard Model expectations is observed. Limits are set on the masses of the lightest chargino, next-to-lightest neutralino and sleptons for different lightest-neutralino mass hypotheses in simplified models. Results are also interpreted in various scenarios of the phenomenological Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. UPDATE (06 AUG 2014): corrections to Tables 65-67 corresponding to Figure 20 of Auxiliary Material.
Interfaces in spectral asymptotics and nodal sets
Creators: name: Zelditch, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This is largely a survey of results obtained jointly with Boris Hanin and Peng Zhou on interfaces in spectral asymptotics, both for Schrödinger operators on $L^2({\mathbb R}^d)$ and for Toeplitz Hamiltonians acting on holomorphic sections of ample line bundles $L \to M$ over Kähler manifolds $(M, ω)$. By an interface is meant a hypersurface, either in physical space ${\mathbb R}^d$ or in phase space, separating an allowed region where spectral asymptotics are standard and a forbidden region where they are non-standard. The main question is to give the detailed transition between the two types of asymptotics across the hypersurface (i.e. interface). In the real Schrödinger setting, the asymptotics are of Airy type; in the Kähler setting they are of Erf (Gaussian error function) type. In addition, we introduce the Bargmann-Fock space of a positive Hermitian line bundle and study interface asymptotics in that setting.
Tensors Mesons in AdS/QCD
Creators: name: Katz, Emanuel
name: Lewandowski, Adam
name: Schwartz, Matthew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore tensor mesons in AdS/QCD focusing on f2 (1270), the lightest spin-two resonance in QCD. We find that the f2 mass and the partial width for f2 -> gamma gamma are in very good agreement with data. In fact, the dimensionless ratio of these two quantities comes out within the current experimental bound. The result for this ratio depends only on Nc and Nf, and the quark and glueball content of the operator responsible for the f2; more importantly, it does not depend on chiral symmetry breaking and so is both independent of much of the arbitrariness of AdS/QCD and completely out of reach of chiral perturbation theory. For comparison, we also explore f2 -> pi pi, which because of its sensitivity to the UV corrections has much more uncertainty. We also calculate the masses of the higher spin resonances on the Regge trajectory of the f2, and find they compare favorably with experiment.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure; Li's corrected
On the role of the Prandtl number in convection driven by heat sources and sinks
Creators: name: Miquel, Benjamin
name: Bouillaut, Vincent
name: Aumaitre, Sebastien
name: Gallet, Basile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a numerical study of turbulent convection driven by a combination of internal heat sources and sinks. Motivated by a recent experimental realisation (Lepot et al. 2018), we focus on the situation where the cooling is uniform, while the internal heating is localised near the bottom boundary, over approximately one tenth of the domain height. We obtain scaling laws $Nu \sim Ra^γPr^χ$ for the heat transfer as measured by the Nusselt number $Nu$ expressed as a function of the Rayleigh number $Ra$ and the Prandtl number $Pr$. After confirming the experimental value $γ\approx 1/2$ for the dependence on $Ra$, we identify several regimes of dependence on $Pr$. For a stress-free bottom surface and within a range as broad as $Pr \in [0.003, 10]$, we observe the exponent $χ\approx 1/2$, in agreement with Spiegel's mixing length theory. For a no-slip bottom surface we observe a transition from $χ\approx 1/2$ for $Pr \leq 0.04$ to $χ\approx 1/6$ for $Pr \geq 0.04$, in agreement with scaling predictions by Bouillaut et al. The latter scaling regime stems from heat accumulation in the stagnant layer adjacent to a no-slip bottom boundary, which we characterise by comparing the local contributions of diffusive and convective thermal fluxes.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures