cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Va and Djalan: Indigenous Diplomacy through Samoan Tatau and Paiwan Vecik
Creators: name: Lusausatj, Suliljaw
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Our Sea of Islands
Indigenous tattooing (Samoan tatau & Paiwan vecik)
va/djalan (relational pathing)
wayfinding
Indigenous diplomacy

description: This thesis focuses on Indigenous diplomacy in Oceania through an examination of contemporary tattooing practices in Samoan and Paiwan communities in Taiwan. Inspired by Hau'ofa's essay "Our Sea of Islands," and the scope for a dialogue between Samoan tatau and Paiwan vecik, the thesis explores how tattooing might assume a role in the navigation of new relationships across Oceania. In order to address this question, I spent over fourteen months amongst hosts in Aai-O-Niue, Samoa, and in numerous Paiwan communities in southern and eastern Taiwan. My method of enquiry centres on the navigational metaphors of positioning, experiencing and anchoring as a means of addressing the relationality between Samoan tatau and Paiwan vecik in a trans-Indigenous context. Adopting a reflexive autobiographical approach, I focus on embodied encounters as the grounds for an Oceanian alliance. I suggest that Samoan relationality, or va, is profoundly expressed through the extended tattooing family and through the embeddedness in customary values (fa'a-Samoa) of my hosts in the sa Li'aifaiva clan. This concept finds a parallel in Paiwan epistemology of pathing (djalan) and in customary protocols (kakudan), articulated in the process of navigating across contemporary Oceania, led by Paiwan tattooist Cudjuy Patjidres. While preserving their distinct cultural protocols, the relational pathing of va and djalan provides protocols for an Indigenous diplomacy, and the wayfinding knowledge that allows us to traverse Oceania. This thesis documents the critical position of Li'aifaiva in Samoan tatau and contemporary Samoan society. It sets out a theoretical framework for understanding relationships among contemporary Indigenous Oceanian communities. Building on Hau'ofa's vision of Our Sea of Islands, it positions Paiwan within the Oceanian realm, and establishes a sense of Indigenous diplomacy that will ground the development of future relationships.
Loi autochtone, loi sur la propriété intellectuelle et politique muséale: des diverses méthodes de protection du patrimoine immatériel autochtone (Indigenous Law, Intellectual Property Law and Museum Policy: Various Methods for Protecting Aboriginal Intangible Heritage)
Creators: name: Bell, C
name: Lai, Jessica
name: Skorodenski, L
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: No description supplied
The PTEN/MMAC1 tumor suppressor phosphatase functions as a negative regulator of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway
Creators: name: Sawyers, C. L.
name: Whang, Y. E.
name: Neshat, M. S.
name: Senechal, K.
name: Wu, X.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: The PTEN/MMAC1 phosphatase is a tumor suppressor gene implicated in a wide range of human cancers. Here we provide biochemical and functional evidence that PTEN/MMAC1 acts a negative regulator of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-kinase)/Akt pathway. PTEN/MMAC1 impairs activation of endogenous Akt in cells and inhibits phosphorylation of 4E-BP1, a downstream target of the PI3-kinase/Akt pathway involved in protein translation, whereas a catalytically inactive, dominant negative PTEN/MMAC1 mutant enhances 4E-BP1 phosphorylation. In addition, PTEN/MMAC1 represses gene expression in a manner that is rescued by Akt but not PI3-kinase. Finally, higher levels of Akt activation are observed in human prostate cancer cell lines and xenografts lacking PTEN/MMAC1 expression when compared with PTEN/MMAC1-positive prostate tumors or normal prostate tissue. Because constitutive activation of either PI3-kinase or Akt is known to induce cellular transformation, an increase in the activation of this pathway caused by mutations in PTEN/MMAC1 provides a potential mechanism for its tumor suppressor function.
Sex blind. Bridging the gap between drug exposure and sex-related gene expression in Danio rerio using next-generation sequencing (NGS) data and a literature review to find the missing links in pharmaceutical and environmental toxicology studies
Creators: name: King, Alex C.
name: Zenker, Armin
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600 - Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften

description: The sex of both humans and Danio rerio has previously been shown to affect the way individuals respond to drug exposure. Genes which allow identification of sex in juvenile zebrafish show potential to reveal these confounding variables between sex in toxicological and preclinical trials but the link between these is so far missing. These sex-specific, early expressed genes where expression is not altered by drug exposure must be carefully selected for this purpose. We aimed to discover genes which can be used in pharmaceutical trials and environmental toxicology studies to uncover sex-related variations in gene expression with drug application using the model organism Danio rerio. Previously published early sex determining genes from King et al. were evaluated as well as additional genes selected from our zebrafish Next-generation sequencing (NGS) data which are known from previously published works not to be susceptible to changes in expression with drug exposure. NGS revealed a further ten female-specific genes (vtg1, cyp17a1, cyp19a1a, igf3, ftz-f1, gdf9, foxl2a, Nr0b1, ipo4, lhcgr) and five male related candidate genes (FKBP5, apobb1, hbaa1, dmrt1, spata6) which are also expressed in juvenile zebrafish, 28 days post fertilisation (dpf). Following this, a literature review was performed to classify which of these early-expressed sex specific genes are already known to be affected by drug exposure in order to determine candidate genes to be used in pharmaceutical trials or environmental toxicology testing studies. Discovery of these early sex-determining genes in Danio rerio will allow identification of sex-related responses to drug testing to improve sex-specific healthcare and the medical treatment of human patients.
Beyond the City : Seljuq rule and textual production in the Central Deserts of Iran
Creators: name: Czarnuszewicz, Marc
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2024
Subjects: Great Seljuq Empire
Seljuks
Iran
Middle Eastern studies
Social history
Occult
Poetry
Nomads
Isma'ilism
Mediaeval history

description: Employing a series of unconventional methodologies, this thesis explores the interaction between Seljuq rule and the marginal areas of their Empire around the Dasht-i Lut and Dasht-i Kavir. Examining the interplay between conquest, migration and elite formation, it presents a novel viewpoint on why Seljuq power in the region took on its distinctive shape. Chapter 1 retells the narrative of the Seljuq Conquest from a local perspective, attempting to assess their disruptive impact. Specifically, it finds that Turkmen groups may have adapted their migration patterns to the inhospitable environment, likely leaving a lasting transhumant legacy in these areas even after the Conquest had ended. Chapter 2 looks at the emergence of the Seljuq administrative elite through the lens of a poetic anthology, the Dumyat al-Qaṣr of al-Bākharzī. It concludes that rural towns took in refugee Ghaznawid bureaucrats to augment their local literary cultures, cultures which were to underpin the social system of poetic production under al-Kundurī and Niẓām al-Mulk. In Chapter 3, the status of the vassal realms of Yazd, Kirman, Sistan, and Tabas at the turn of the 12th century are analysed, using the patronage acts we can associate with each to circumvent their marginality in the major historical chronicles. While unique conditions surrounded patronage in each realm, the competition between them and their distance from the Sultanic courts created commonalities in the patterns of patronage offered, especially in the occult sciences. Chapter 4 handles the litterateur Ibn Funduq, discussing how the community of his home district of Bayhaq adapted to a fragmenting political landscape. By resituating his Tārīkh-i Bayhaq within his wider oeuvre, this section argues that structural features of Alid and Ismaʿili patterns of influence gave these groups ongoing strength in marginal areas even as the Seljuq state fell into chronic instability with the death of Sanjar.
General Yang-Mills type gauge theories for p-form gauge fields: From physics-based ideas to a mathematical framework OR From Bianchi identities to twisted Courant algebroids
Creators: name: Grutzmann, Melchior
name: Strobl, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Starting with minimal requirements from the physical experience with higher gauge theories, i.e. gauge theories for a tower of differential forms of different form degrees, we discover that all the structural identities governing such theories can be concisely recombined into a so-called Q-structure or, equivalently, a Lie infinity algebroid. This has many technical and conceptual advantages: Complicated higher bundles become just bundles in the category of Q-manifolds in this approach (the many structural identities being encoded in the one operator Q squaring to zero), gauge transformations are generated by internal vertical automorphisms in these bundles and even for a relatively intricate field content the gauge algebra can be determined in some lines only and is given by the so-called derived bracket construction. This article aims equally at mathematicians and theoretical physicists; each more physical section is followed by a purely mathematical one. While the considerations are valid for arbitrary highest form-degree p, we pay particular attention to p=2, i.e. 1- and 2-form gauge fields coupled non-linearly to scalar fields (0-form fields). The structural identities of the coupled system correspond to a Lie 2-algebroid in this case and we provide different axiomatic descriptions of those, inspired by the application, including e.g. one as a particular kind of a vector-bundle twisted Courant algebroid.
description: 89 pages, 1 figure, to be published in the International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics
Vitamin B2-based blue-light photoreceptors in the retinohypothalamic tract as the photoactive pigments for setting the circadian clock in mammals
Creators: name: Sancar, A.
name: Miyamoto, Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: In mammals the retina contains photoactive molecules responsible for both vision and circadian photoresponse systems. Opsins, which are located in rods and cones, are the pigments for vision but it is not known whether they play a role in circadian regulation. A subset of retinal ganglion cells with direct projections to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) are at the origin of the retinohypothalamic tract that transmits the light signal to the master circadian clock in the SCN. However, the ganglion cells are not known to contain rhodopsin or other opsins that may function as photoreceptors. We have found that the two blue-light photoreceptors, cryptochromes 1 and 2 (CRY1 and CRY2), recently discovered in mammals are specifically expressed in the ganglion cell and inner nuclear layers of the mouse retina. In addition, CRY1 is expressed at high level in the SCN and oscillates in this tissue in a circadian manner. These data, in conjunction with the established role of CRY2 in photoperiodism in plants, lead us to propose that mammals have a vitamin A-based photopigment (opsin) for vision and a vitamin B2-based pigment (cryptochrome) for entrainment of the circadian clock.
Screening of promising chemotherapeutic candidates from plants against human adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (IX): active principles from Juniperus rigida
Creators: name: Nakano, Daisuke
name: Ishitsuka, Kenji
name: Kusakabe, Kenichirou
name: Tsuchihashi, Ryota
name: Kinjo, Junei
name: Okawa, Masafumi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: During the screening of novel chemotherapeutic candidates from plants against adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATL), we found that extracts of plants in the Solanaceae, Annonaceae, Apocynaceae, and Rutaceae families showed anti-proliferative activity in the MT-1 and MT-2 cell lines. We have isolated active compounds from these plants in the present research because Cupressaceae plants showed potent anti-proliferative activity in the cell lines. We attempted to isolate the active compounds from the leaves of Juniperus rigida. Using activity-guided fractionation, we isolated 22 compounds, including seven terpenoids, three aromatic compounds, two iridoids, five lignans, and five biflavonoids. The anti-proliferative activities of five diterpenoids were moderate, and those of two biflavonoids were stronger. A lignan (compound 13) showed the strongest activity. These compounds are promising candidates for the treatment of ATL.
Entanglement Chern number for an extensive partition of a topological ground state
Creators: name: Fukui, T.
name: Hatsugai, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If an extensive partition in two dimensions yields a gapful entanglement spectrum of the reduced density matrix, the Berry curvature based on the corresponding entanglement eigenfunction defines the Chern number. We propose such an entanglement Chern number as a useful, natural, and calculable topological invariant, which is potentially relevant to various topological ground states. We show that it serves as an alternative topological invariant for time-reversal invariant systems and as a new topological invariant for a weak topological phase of a superlattice Wilson-Dirac model. In principle, the entanglement Chern number can also be effective for interacting systems such as topological insulators in contrast to $Z_2$ invariants.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, final version. (Open Access)
Association of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase with Ku
Creators: name: Mahajan, N. P.
name: Wang, J.
name: Gangi-Peterson, L.
name: Mahajan, K. N.
name: Reeves, W. H.
name: Gathy, K. N.
name: Sorscher, D. H.
name: Mitchell, B. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) catalyzes the addition of nucleotides at the junctions of rearranging Ig and T cell receptor gene segments, thereby generating antigen receptor diversity. Ku is a heterodimeric protein composed of 70- and 86-kDa subunits that binds DNA ends and is required for V(D)J recombination and DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. We provide evidence for a direct interaction between TdT and Ku proteins. Studies with a baculovirus expression system show that TdT can interact specifically with each of the Ku subunits and with the heterodimer. The interaction between Ku and TdT is also observed in pre-T cells with endogenously expressed proteins. The protein–protein interaction is DNA independent and occurs at physiological salt concentrations. Deletion mutagenesis experiments reveal that the N-terminal region of TdT (131 amino acids) is essential for interaction with the Ku heterodimer. This region, although not important for TdT polymerization activity, contains a BRCA1 C-terminal domain that has been shown to mediate interactions of proteins involved in DNA repair. The induction of DSBs in Cos-7 cells transfected with a human TdT expression construct resulted in the appearance of discrete nuclear foci in which TdT and Ku colocalize. The physical association of TdT with Ku suggests a possible mechanism by which TdT is recruited to the sites of DSBs such as V(D)J recombination intermediates.
title: Entering Norwegian treatment collectives : a study of youths' first impressions and experiences
Creators: name: Lone, Arvid
name: Paulsen, Erik
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2017

description: This study focused on the pre-admission and admission phases of residential treatment, assuming that these phases are important for the motivation for treatment and for the kinds of relationships that are established in treatment. Nineteen youths living in two Norwegian treatment collectives were interviewed regarding their first contacts with the collective, their admission and their first weeks of treatment. Most of the youths came to treatment as involuntary clients. Our findings showed that most of the youths appraised pre-admission contacts positively. In addition, the youths described the admission phase as a period of fear and great uncertainty during which they were worried about life at the collective and their new peers in the institution. The youths reported that the primary task for the first period of treatment was to make a connection and establish a relationship with someone. In this situation, the youths seemed to prefer to establish relationships with their peers. This study is focused on the pre-admission and admission phases of residential treatment, assuming that these phases are important for the motivation for treatment and for the kinds of relationships that are established in treatment.
Indigenous perspectives on and in tax research policy
Creators: name: Marriott, Lisa
name: Lai, Jessica
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 150199 Accounting, Auditing and Accountability not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 160599 Policy and Administration not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This article examines the participation of Indigenous populations in tax research and policy. It commences with a structured literature review to capture and analyse current knowledge on the involvement of Indigenous peoples, together with their values, practices and perspectives, in tax research. In finding few Indigenous voices in tax research, as well as minimal attempts to incorporate Indigenous voices, we postulate that if academics, as the critics and conscience of society, are not engaging with Indigenous peoples and their perspectives, then their influence is also unlikely to be present in tax policy. We show this to be the case in New Zealand, which we use to contextualise our analyses. Therefore, we call for academia to actively partner with Indigenous peoples in research. We propose that a Kaupapa Māori Research (KMR) lens is an effective and appropriate methodology to facilitate this partnership, and to give Indigenous peoples agency and subjectivity in defining the research and its processes, and in controlling research results and outcomes.
Suppression of Star Formation in NGC 1266
Creators: name: Alatalo, K.
name: Lacy, M.
name: Lanz, L.
name: Bitsakis, T.
name: Appleton, P. N.
name: Nyland, K.
name: Cales, S. L.
name: Chang, P.
name: Davis, T. A.
name: de Zeeuw, P. T.
name: Lonsdale, C. J.
name: Martín, S.
name: Meier, D. S.
name: Ogle, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC1266 is a nearby lenticular galaxy that harbors a massive outflow of molecular gas powered by the mechanical energy of an active galactic nucleus (AGN). It has been speculated that such outflows hinder star formation (SF) in their host galaxies, providing a form of feedback to the process of galaxy formation. Previous studies, however, indicated that only jets from extremely rare, high power quasars or radio galaxies could impart significant feedback on their hosts. Here we present detailed observations of the gas and dust continuum of NGC1266 at millimeter wavelengths. Our observations show that molecular gas is being driven out of the nuclear region at $\dot{M}_{\rm out} \approx 110 M_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$, of which the vast majority cannot escape the nucleus. Only 2 $M_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$ is actually capable of escaping the galaxy. Most of the molecular gas that remains is very inefficient at forming stars. The far-infrared emission is dominated by an ultra-compact ($\lesssim50$pc) source that could either be powered by an AGN or by an ultra-compact starburst. The ratio of the SF surface density ($Σ_{\rm SFR}$) to the gas surface density ($Σ_{\rm H_2}$) indicates that SF is suppressed by a factor of $\approx 50$ compared to normal star-forming galaxies if all gas is forming stars, and $\approx$150 for the outskirt (98%) dense molecular gas if the central region is is powered by an ultra-compact starburst. The AGN-driven bulk outflow could account for this extreme suppression by hindering the fragmentation and gravitational collapse necessary to form stars through a process of turbulent injection. This result suggests that even relatively common, low-power AGNs are able to alter the evolution of their host galaxies as their black holes grow onto the M-$σ$ relation.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, accepted to ApJ
A new tetrahydroxybenzophenone from a marine-associated fungus of penicillium sp. and its potential antibacterial activity
Creators: name: Huang, Ruifeng
name: Ma, Shuaiqi
name: Wu, Jiale
name: Riaz, Asma
name: Song, Li
name: Zhou, Shaofen
name: Zhou, Runhong
name: Qiu, Jingnan
name: He, Jian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Penicillium species are renowned for their ability to produce a wide range of secondary metabolites with medicinal properties. In this study, compounds 1-10 were isolated from Penicillium sp. Z-16, of which compound 1 is a new benzophenone derivative named methyl 2-(2,6-dihydroxy-4-methylbenzoyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate. The chemical structure of 1 was determined through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D, 2D NMR (HMBC, HSQC) and HRESIMS. In addition, six other known compounds (11-16) were isolated and identified from Penicillium sp. T-5-1. The antimicrobial activity tests demonstrated that compound 1 was moderately active against Candida albicans with a MIC value of 125 μg/mL, while compound 2 showed a MIC value of 62.5 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus.
"Schon viele haben es unternommen ... nun habe auch ich mich entschlossen"
Creators: name: Wainwright, Elaine Mary
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 42 Nr. 2 (2006): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 42, Heft 2
The exhaustion of patent rights v the implied licence approach: Untangling the web of patent rights
Creators: name: Lai, Jessica
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This article analyses and compares the two main approaches that deal with the relationship between patent exclusive rights and the artefacts embodying patented inventions (usually chattel). Namely, it examines the implied licence approach and the exhaustion approach, at the national and international level, and extrapolates the scope of patent exclusive rights under these two models. The article uses the international dimension to highlight that having two approaches complicates international trade and that this is exacerbated by the nature of the exclusive rights themselves. Highlighting the fact that several exclusive rights only exist upon embodiment, do not marry up to the invention as claimed, and are - for all intents and purposes - served by rights in choses in possession, the article argues that several patent exclusive rights have no practical purpose. The article suggests a simplified approach to patent exclusive rights and thereby the relationship between patented inventions and their physical embodiments.
Reflexión sobre los avances de propulsar una teoría general del Proceso Económico en el que exista la posibilidad de habilitar la atenuación de ciertos derchos y garantías a fin de procurar un eficiente procesamiento y castigo de los delitos económicos en general y del lavado de activos en particular
Creators: name: Miller, Admiralda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Atenuación de derechos y garantías para procesar y castigar en delitos económicos

description: Este ensayo tiene como propósito reflexionar sobre la posibilidad de atenuar derechos y garantías en los delito económicos, en particular el lavado de activos
BRCA1-associated growth arrest is RB-dependent
Creators: name: Bessho, M.
name: Kuthiala, A.
name: Meissner, E. G.
name: Fang, B. S.
name: Jensen, R. A.
name: Liu, E. T.
name: Aprelikova, O. N.
name: Cotter, S.
name: Campbell, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: BRCA1 is a susceptibility gene for breast and ovarian cancer with growth-inhibitory activity for which the mechanism of action remains unclear. When introduced into cells, BRCA1 inhibits growth of some but not all cell lines. In an attempt to uncover the mechanism of growth suppression by BRCA1, we examined a panel of cell lines for their ability to reduce colony outgrowth in response to BRCA1 overexpression. Of all variables tested, only those cells with wild-type pRb were sensitive to BRCA1-induced growth suppression. In cells with an intact rb gene, inactivation of pRb by HPV E7 abrogates the growth arrest imposed by BRCA1. In accordance with these observations, we found that BRCA1 could not suppress BrdUrd uptake in primary fibroblasts from rb−/− mice and exhibited an intermediate ability to inhibit DNA synthesis in rb+/− as compared with rb+/+ cells. We further found that the BRCA1 protein complexes with the hypophosphorylated form of pRb. This binding is localized to amino acids 304–394 of BRCA1 protein and requires the ABC domain of pRb. In-frame deletion of BRCA1 fragment involved in interaction with pRb completely abolished the growth-suppressive property of BRCA1. Although it has been reported that BRCA1 interacts with p53, we find the p53 status did not affect the ability of BRCA1 to suppress colony formation. Our data suggest that the growth suppressor function of BRCA1 depends, at least in part, on Rb.
Alternating distances of knots and links
Creators: name: Lowrance, Adam M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25

description: An alternating distance is a link invariant that measures how far away a link is from alternating. We study several alternating distances and demonstrate that there exist families of links for which the difference between certain alternating distances is arbitrarily large. We also show that two alternating distances, the alternation number and the alternating genus, are not comparable.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
The cosmological Lithium problem outside the Galaxy: the Sagittarius globular cluster M54
Creators: name: Mucciarelli, A.
name: Salaris, M.
name: Bonifacio, P.
name: Monaco, L.
name: Villanova, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological Li problem is the observed discrepancy between Li abundance, A(Li), measured in Galactic dwarf, old and metal-poor stars (traditionally assumed to be equal to the initial value A(Li)_0), and that predicted by standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis calculations (A(Li)_{BBN}). Here we attack the Li problem by considering an alternative diagnostic, namely the surface Li abundance of red giant branch stars that in a colour magnitude diagram populate the region between the completion of the first dredge-up and the red giant branch bump. We obtained high-resolution spectra with the FLAMES facility at the Very Large Telescope for a sample of red giants in the globular cluster M54, belonging to the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy. We obtain A(Li)=+0.93+-0.11 dex, translating -- after taking into account the dilution due to the dredge up-- to initial abundances (A(Li)_0) in the range 2.35--2.29 dex, depending on whether or not atomic diffusion is considered. This is the first measurement of Li in the Sagittarius galaxy and the more distant estimate of A(Li)_0 in old stars obtained so far. The A(Li)_0 estimated in M54 is lower by ~0.35 dex than A(Li)_{BBN}, hence incompatible at a level of ~3sigma. Our result shows that this discrepancy is a universal problem concerning both the Milky Way and extra-galactic systems. Either modifications of BBN calculations, or a combination of atomic diffusion plus a suitably tuned additional mixing during the main sequence, need to be invoked to solve the discrepancy.
description: Accepted by MNRAS, 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Causalgia, pathological pain, and adrenergic receptors
Creators: name: Perl, E. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Control of expression of molecular receptors for chemical messengers and modulation of these receptors’ activity are now established as ways to alter cellular reaction. This paper extends these mechanisms to the arena of pathological pain by presenting the hypothesis that increased expression of α-adrenergic receptors in primary afferent neurons is part of the etiology of pain in classical causalgia. It is argued that partial denervation by lesion of peripheral nerve or by tissue destruction induces a change in peripheral nociceptors, making them excitable by sympathetic activity and adrenergic substances. This excitation is mediated by α-adrenergic receptors and has a time course reminiscent of experimental denervation supersensitivity. The change in neuronal phenotype is demonstrable after lesions of mixed nerves or of the sympathetic postganglionic supply. Similar partial denervations also produce a substantial increase in the number of dorsal root ganglion neurons evidencing the presence of α-adrenergic receptors. The hypothesis proposes the increased presence of α-adrenergic receptors in primary afferent neurons to result from an altered gene expression triggered by cytokines/growth factors produced by disconnection of peripheral nerve fibers from their cell bodies. These additional adrenergic receptors are suggested to make nociceptors and other primary afferent neurons excitable by local or circulating norepinephrine and epinephrine. For central pathways, the adrenergic excitation would be equivalent to that produced by noxious events and would consequently evoke pain. In support, evidence is cited for a form of denervation supersensitivity in causalgia and for increased expression of human α-adrenergic receptors after loss of sympathetic activity.
title: A natural timeless polymorphism allowing circadian clock synchronization in "white nights"
Creators: name: Lamaze, Angelique
name: Chen, Chenghao
name: Leleux, Solene
name: Xu, Min
name: George, Rebekah
name: Stanewsky, Ralf
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 570 Biology

description: Daily temporal organisation offers a fitness advantage and is determined by an interplay between environmental rhythms and circadian clocks. While light:dark cycles robustly synchronise circadian clocks, it is not clear how animals experiencing only weak environmental cues deal with this problem. Like humans, Drosophila originate in sub-Saharan Africa and spread North up to the polar circle, experiencing long summer days or even constant light (LL). LL disrupts clock function, due to constant activation of CRYPTOCHROME, which induces degradation of the clock protein TIMELESS (TIM), but temperature cycles are able to overcome these deleterious effects of LL. We show here that for this to occur a recently evolved natural timeless allele (ls-tim) is required, encoding the less light-sensitive L-TIM in addition to S-TIM, the only form encoded by the ancient s-tim allele. We show that only ls-tim flies can synchronise their behaviour to semi-natural conditions typical for Northern European summers, suggesting that this functional gain is driving the Northward ls-tim spread.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
Differential regulation of mammalian Period genes and circadian rhythmicity by cryptochromes 1 and 2
Creators: name: Miyazaki, J.
name: Niwa, H.
name: Todo, T.
name: Fruechte, E. M.
name: Hitomi, K.
name: Sancar, A.
name: Vitaterna, M. H.
name: Ishikawa, T.
name: Thresher, R. J.
name: Selby, C. P.
name: Thompson, C.
name: Takahashi, J. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Cryptochromes regulate the circadian clock in animals and plants. Humans and mice have two cryptochrome (Cry) genes. A previous study showed that mice lacking the Cry2 gene had reduced sensitivity to acute light induction of the circadian gene mPer1 in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and had an intrinsic period 1 hr longer than normal. In this study, Cry1−/− and Cry1−/−Cry2−/− mice were generated and their circadian clocks were analyzed at behavioral and molecular levels. Behaviorally, the Cry1−/− mice had a circadian period 1 hr shorter than wild type and the Cry1−/−Cry2−/− mice were arrhythmic in constant darkness (DD). Biochemically, acute light induction of mPer1 mRNA in the SCN was blunted in Cry1−/− and abolished in Cry1−/−Cry2−/− mice. In contrast, the acute light induction of mPer2 in the SCN was intact in Cry1−/− and Cry1−/−Cry2−/− animals. Importantly, in double mutants, mPer1 expression was constitutively elevated and no rhythmicity was detected in either 12-hr light/12-hr dark or DD, whereas mPer2 expression appeared rhythmic in 12-hr light/12-hr dark, but nonrhythmic in DD with intermediate levels. These results demonstrate that Cry1 and Cry2 are required for the normal expression of circadian behavioral rhythms, as well as circadian rhythms of mPer1 and mPer2 in the SCN. The differential regulation of mPer1 and mPer2 by light in Cry double mutants reveals a surprising complexity in the role of cryptochromes in mammals.
Frauen in der Praxis der Reproduktionsmedizin und im bioethischen Diskurs
Creators: name: Ammicht Quinn, Regina
name: Bobbert, Monika
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 42 Nr. 1 (2006): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 42, Heft 1
Open access and research dissemination in Africa
Creators: name: Wilson, Catherine
name: Kiuna, Anthony
name: Lamptey, Richard
name: Veldsman, Susan
name: Montgomery, Lucy
name: Neylon, Cameron
name: Hosking, Richard
name: Huang, Karl
name: Ozaygen, Alkim
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: No description supplied
Patents, knowledge governance and gender
Creators: name: Lai, Jessica
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: The world-over, patented inventions are predominantly attributed to male inventors. Some of this is due to the fact that there are fewer females in patent-heavy fields. However, more fundamentally, the gender patenting gap results from the fact that patent law itself is gendered—it is filled with multiple binaries that serve to maintain masculine domination over the disempowered. The immediate reaction to this is to de-gender patent law, but any attempt to expand patentability is countered by arguments that this harms the public domain. This article argues that attempting to de-gender patentability and balance this against the public domain is the wrong focus. The privatised and the public domain also constitute a constructed binary. An egalitarian knowledge governance system must go beyond socialised binaries.
The mass discrepancy problem in O stars of solar metallicity. Does it still exist?
Creators: name: Markova, N.
name: Puls, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using own and literature data for a large sample of O stars in the Milky Way, we investigate the correspondence between their spectroscopic and evolutionary masses, and try to put constraints on various parameters that might influence the estimates of these two quantities.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, IAU Symposium 307, New windows on massive stars: asteroseismology, interferometry, and spectropolarimetry, G. Meynet, C. Georgy, J.H. Groh \& Ph. Stee, eds
Gendered ‘Objective’ Patent Law: Of Binaries and a Singularity
Creators: name: Lai, Jessica
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 160299 Criminology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Law

description: © 2020 The Author. Journal of Law and Society © 2020 Cardiff University Law School Patent law protects the technical. It is seemingly objective in terminology and application. Yet studies show that males are significantly more likely than females to be the inventors of patented inventions. Patenting is not objective, it is gendered. The reasons for this are multiple and include the fact that patent law itself, including its presumptions and interpretation, is gendered. This article examines how patent law reflects multiple gendered binaries, despite being drafted in ostensibly neutral terms. These serve to favour masculine modes and fields of creation, while ignoring and devaluing feminine knowledge and ways of knowing. We should be concerned that patent law is gendered because patents affect wealth distribution, what is invented and commercialized, and what information and knowledge is disseminated, built upon, and viewed as valuable. Thus, instead of embodying gendered binaries, the law should reflect a singularity – a unique point, where the system degenerates or diverges to recognize and encourage the multiplicity of ways in which invention and innovation can and do occur, beyond socially constructed binaries.
Dimensional and mechanical dynamics of active and stable edges in motile fibroblasts investigated by using atomic force microscopy
Creators: name: Rotsch, C.
name: Radmacher, M.
name: Jacobson, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The atomic force microscope (AFM) was employed to investigate the extension and retraction dynamics of protruding and stable edges of motile 3T3 fibroblasts in culture. Such dynamics closely paralleled the results of earlier studies employing video microscopy that indicated that the AFM force-mapping technique does not appreciably perturb these dynamics. Force scans permitted height determinations of active and stable edges. Whereas the profiles of active edges are flat with average heights of 0.4–0.8 μm, stable edges smoothly ascend to 2–3 μm within about 6 μm of the edge. In the region of the leading edge, the height fluctuates up to 50% (SD) of the mean value, much more than the stable edge; this fluctuation presumably reflects differences in underlying cytoskeletal activity. In addition, force mapping yields an estimate of the local Young’s modulus or modulus of elasticity (E, the cortical stiffness). This stiffness will be related to “cortical tension,” can be accurately calculated for the stable edges, and is ≈12 kPa in this case. The thinness of the leading edge precludes accurate estimation of the E values, but within 4 μm of the margin it is considerably smaller than that for stable edges, which have an upper limit of 3–5 kPa. Although blebbing cannot absolutely be ruled out as a mechanism of extension, the data are consistent with an actin polymerization and/or myosin motor mechanism in which the average material properties of the extending margin would be nearly constant to the edge. Because the leading edge is softer than the stable edge, these data also are consistent with the notion that extension preferentially occurs in regions of lower cortical tension.
On the dynamics of traveling phase-oscillators with positive and negative couplings
Creators: name: Choi, J.
name: Choi, M. Y.
name: Yoon, B. -G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate numerically the dynamics of traveling clusters in systems of phase oscillators, some of which possess positive couplings and others negative couplings. The phase distribution, speed of traveling, and average separation between clusters as well as order parameters for positive and negative oscillators are computed, as the ratio of the two coupling constants and/or the fraction of positive oscillators are varied. The traveling speed depending on these parameters is obtained and observed to fit well with the numerical data of the systems. With the help of this, we describe the conditions for the traveling state to appear in the systems with or without periodic driving.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Estrogen inhibits the vascular injury response in estrogen receptor beta -deficient female mice
Creators: name: Aronovitz, M.
name: Mackey, W.
name: Korach, K. S.
name: Gustafsson, J. A.
name: Smithies, O.
name: Kwoun, M.
name: Hodgin, J. B.
name: Krege, J. H.
name: Mendelsohn, M. E.
name: Karas, R. H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The protective effects of estrogen in the cardiovascular system result from both systemic effects and direct actions of the hormone on the vasculature. Two estrogen receptors have been identified, ERα and ERβ. We demonstrated previously that estrogen inhibits the response to vascular injury in both wild-type and ERα-deficient mice, and that ERβ is expressed in the blood vessels of each, suggesting a role for ERβ in the vascular protective effects of estrogen. In the present study, we examined the effect of estrogen administration on mouse carotid arterial injury in ERβ-deficient mice. Surprisingly, in ovariectomized female wild-type and ERβ knockout mice, 17β-estradiol markedly and equally inhibited the increase in vascular medial area and the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells after vascular injury. These data demonstrate that ERβ is not required for estrogen-mediated inhibition of the response to vascular injury, and suggest that either of the two known estrogen receptors is sufficient to protect against vascular injury, or that another unidentified estrogen receptor mediates the vascular protective effects of estrogen.
Patents and gender: A contextual analysis
Creators: name: Lai, Jessica
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Patent law is considered to be an objective law, dealing with the objective subject matter of the ‘technical arts’. Yet, empirical studies show that patenting rates around the world are gendered. This article analyses the roots of the gender patent gap, and how this correlates to the invention and innovation processes. It shows that the gendered nature of the patent-regulated knowledge governance system forces women into traditionally male spaces and fields in order to partake in the extant patent game. Yet, when they enter those spaces and fields, they often find themselves unwelcome and subject to institutional, structural or orga-nizational biases, which impinge upon their ability to invent, patent and commercialize. This article re-frames the discourse around women inventors. It argues that we have to stop focusing on the ‘women in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM)’ narrative, because it is a distraction from the underlying problem that the Western knowledge governance system reflects the hegemonic powers at play. Instead, we need to re-think the knowledge governance system and the ecosystem it creates, in order to ensure egalitarian knowledge production and protection.
Effects of the interaction between resilience development and digital transformation on the performance of the Australian food supply chains
Creators: name: Tortorella, Guilherme Luz
name: Gloet, Marianne
name: Samson, Daniel
name: Kurnia, Sherah
name: Fogliatto, Flavio S.
name: Anzanello, Michel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: This study aims to investigate the relationship between resilience development and digital transformation (DT) and its effect on food supply chain (FSC) performance. A survey of 208 practitioners in the Australian FSC was conducted, and the collected data was analysed using multivariate data analysis techniques. Findings suggest a positive impact on performance, particularly in terms of on-time, in-full delivery and inventory turnover. Organisations with low resilience can significantly improve their performance through the adoption of technologies, while those with well-established resilience display a lesser impact. Our research enhances the current understanding of the relationship between DT and resilience, and its impact on the food supply chain during disruptive events such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Results can help practitioners to effectively implement both DT and resilience development to enhance performance, ensure coherent strategies and prevent frustrated efforts.
Fidelity of G protein  -subunit association by the G protein  -subunit-like domains of RGS6, RGS7, and RGS11
Creators: name: Snow, B. E.
name: Mangion, J.
name: Sondek, J.
name: Siderovski, D. P.
name: Betts, L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Several regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins contain a G protein γ-subunit-like (GGL) domain, which, as we have shown, binds to Gβ5 subunits. Here, we extend our original findings by describing another GGL-domain-containing RGS, human RGS6. When RGS6 is coexpressed with different Gβ subunits, only RGS6 and Gβ5 interact. The expression of mRNA for RGS6 and Gβ5 in human tissues overlaps. Predictions of α-helical and coiled-coil character within GGL domains, coupled with measurements of Gβ binding by GGL domain mutants, support the contention that Gγ-like regions within RGS proteins interact with Gβ5 subunits in a fashion comparable to conventional Gβ/Gγ pairings. Mutation of the highly conserved Phe-61 residue of Gγ2 to tryptophan, the residue present in all GGL domains, increases the stability of the Gβ5/Gγ2 heterodimer, highlighting the importance of this residue to GGL/Gβ5 association.