cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multi-point correlations for two dimensional coalescing random walks
Creators: name: Lukins, Jamie
name: Tribe, Roger
name: Zaboronski, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82C22, 60K35

description: This paper considers an infinite system of instantaneously coalescing rate one simple random walks on $\mathbb{Z}^2$, started from the initial condition with all sites in $\mathbb{Z}^2$ occupied. We show that the correlation functions of the model decay, for any $N \geq 2$, as \[ ρ_N (x_1,\ldots,x_N;t) = \frac{c_0(x_1,\ldots,x_N)}{π^N} (\log t)^{N-{N \choose 2}} t^{-N} \left(1 + O\left( \frac{1}{\log^{\frac12-δ}\!t} \right) \right) \] as $t \to\infty$. This generalises the results for $N=1$ due to Bramson and Griffeath and confirms a prediction in the physics literature for $N>1$. An analogous statement holds for instantaneously annihilating random walks. The key tools are the known asymptotic $ρ_1(t) \sim \log t/πt$ due to Bramson and Griffeath, and the non-collision probability $p_{NC}(t)$, that no pair of a finite collection of $N$ two dimensional simple random walks meets by time $t$, whose asymptotic $p_{NC}(t) \sim c_0 (\log t)^{-{N \choose 2}}$ was found by Cox, Merle and Perkins. This paper re-derives the asymptotics both for $ρ_1(t)$ and $p_{NC}(t)$ by proving that these quantities satisfy {\it effective rate equations}, that is approximate differential equations at large times. This approach can be regarded as a generalisation of the Smoluchowski theory of renormalised rate equations to multi-point statistics.
description: 26 pages
Electron-acoustic solitons in an electron-beam plasma system with kappa-distributed electrons
Creators: name: Danehkar, A.
name: Kourakis, I.
name: Hellberg, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the existence conditions and propagation properties of electron-acoustic solitary waves in a plasma consisting of an electron beam fluid, a cold electron fluid, and a hot suprathermal electron component modeled by a $κ$-distribution function. The Sagdeev pseudopotential method was used to investigate the occurrence of stationary-profile solitary waves. We have determined how the soliton characteristics depend on the electron beam parameters. It is found that the existence domain for solitons becomes narrower with an increase in the suprathermality of hot electrons, increasing the beam speed, and decreasing the beam-to-cold electron population ratio.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, presented at IEEE 41st International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS), High-Power Particle Beams (BEAMS), Washington, DC, USA, 2014
Unsupervised Adaptation with Domain Separation Networks for Robust Speech Recognition
Creators: name: Meng, Zhong
name: Chen, Zhuo
name: Mazalov, Vadim
name: Li, Jinyu
name: Gong, Yifan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Unsupervised domain adaptation of speech signal aims at adapting a well-trained source-domain acoustic model to the unlabeled data from target domain. This can be achieved by adversarial training of deep neural network (DNN) acoustic models to learn an intermediate deep representation that is both senone-discriminative and domain-invariant. Specifically, the DNN is trained to jointly optimize the primary task of senone classification and the secondary task of domain classification with adversarial objective functions. In this work, instead of only focusing on learning a domain-invariant feature (i.e. the shared component between domains), we also characterize the difference between the source and target domain distributions by explicitly modeling the private component of each domain through a private component extractor DNN. The private component is trained to be orthogonal with the shared component and thus implicitly increases the degree of domain-invariance of the shared component. A reconstructor DNN is used to reconstruct the original speech feature from the private and shared components as a regularization. This domain separation framework is applied to the unsupervised environment adaptation task and achieved 11.08% relative WER reduction from the gradient reversal layer training, a representative adversarial training method, for automatic speech recognition on CHiME-3 dataset.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, ASRU 2017
DatingSec: Detecting Malicious Accounts in Dating Apps Using a Content-Based Attention Network
Creators: name: He, Xinlei
name: Gong, Qingyuan
name: Chen, Yang
name: Zhang, Yang
name: Wang, Xin
name: Fu, Xiaoming
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: Dating apps have gained tremendous popularity during the past decade. Compared with traditional offline dating means, dating apps ease the process of partner finding significantly. While bringing convenience to hundreds of millions of users, dating apps are vulnerable to become targets of adversaries. In this article, we focus on malicious user detection in dating apps. Existing methods overlooked the signals hidden in the textual information of user interactions, particularly the interplay of temporal-spatial behaviors and textual information, leading to limited detection performance. To tackle this, we propose DatingSec, a novel malicious user detection system for dating apps. Concretely, DatingSec leverages long short-term memory neural networks (LSTM) and an attentive module to capture the interplay of users' temporal-spatial behaviors and user-generated textual content. We evaluate DatingSec on a real-world dataset collected from Momo, a widely used dating app with more than 180 million users. Experimental results show that DatingSec outperforms state-of-the-art methods and achieves an F1-score of 0.857 and AUC of 0.940.
Seasonal Effects on Honey Bee Population Dynamics: a Nonautonomous System of Difference Equations
Creators: name: Gabbriellini, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 39A10 (primary), 92D25 (secondary)

description: The honey bees play a role of unquestioned relevance in nature and the comprehension of the mechanisms affecting their population dynamic is of fundamental importance. As experimentally documented, the proper development of a colony is related to the nest temperature, whose value is maintained around the optimal value if the colony population is sufficiently large. Then, the environmental temperature, the way in which this influence the nest temperature and the colony population size, are variables closely linked to each other and deserve to be taken into account in a model that aims to describe the population dynamics. In the present study, as first step, the continuous-time autonomous system proposed by Khoury, Myerscoug and Barron (KMB) in 2011 was approximated by means a Nonstandard finite difference (NSFD) scheme in order to obtain a set of autonomous difference equations. Subsequently, with the aim to introduce the seasonal effects, a nonautonomous version (NAKMB) was proposed and formulated in discrete-time domain via a NSFD scheme, by introducing a time-dependent formulation for the queen bee laying rate and the recruitment rate coefficients. By means the phase-plane analysis was possible to deduce that, with an appropriate choice of the parameters, the NAKMB model admits both a limit cycle at nonzero population size and an equilibrium point marking the colony collapse, depending on the initial population size.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Differential cross section measurements for the production of top quark pairs and of additional jets using dilepton events from pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: top, pair production
p p, scattering
top, production
differential cross section
TeV
dilepton
CMS
quantum chromodynamics
CERN Lab
lepton
CERN LHC Coll
antiquark
kinematics
parton

description: Differential cross sections for top quark pair ($\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$) production are measured in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV using a sample of events containing two oppositely charged leptons. The data were recorded with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. The differential cross sections are measured as functions of kinematic observables of the $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ system, the top quark and antiquark and their decay products, as well as of the number of additional jets in the event. The results are presented as functions of up to three variables and are corrected to the parton and particle levels. When compared to standard model predictions based on quantum chromodynamics at different levels of accuracy, it is found that the calculations do not always describe the observed data. The deviations are found to be largest for the multi-differential cross sections.
An integrated method for understanding the function of macro-lithic tools. Use wear, 3D and spatial analyses of an Early Upper Palaeolithic assemblage from North Eastern Italy
Creators: name: Caricola, Isabella
name: Zupancich, Andrea
name: Moscone, Daniele
name: Mutri, Giuseppina
name: Falcucci, Armando
name: Duches, Rossella
name: Peresani, Marco
name: Cristiani, Emanuela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 210105 Archaeology of Europe, the Mediterranean and the Levant
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 210102 Archaeological Science

description: The article presents an original analysis which combines use-wear, 3D modelling and spatial analyses to experimental archaeology in order to investigate Early Upper Palaeolithic flintknapping gestures and techniques involving the use of macro-lithic tools. In particular, the methodological framework proposed in this paper was applied to the study of Protoaurignacian and Aurignacian macro-tools from Fumane Cave (Verona, Italy). Combining spatial analysis and use wear investigation, both at low and high magnifications, permitted the identification and detailed description of the use-related traces affecting both the hammerstones and retouchers which, at Fumane Cave, were used at different stages during flint tool production. Several experimental activities were performed including core reduction, maintenance, and blank production together with different types of edge retouching. From a methodological perspective, the protocol of analysis permitted to codify specific traces and to produce quantitative data related to their geometry and distribution over the tool’s surface, according to the activities and gestures performed. The results obtained allowed a careful investigation of the function and the gestures associated to the use of the macro-lithic tools coming from the Protoaurignacian and Aurignacian levels of Fumane Cave while providing a methodological tool for interpreting different archaeological samples
Edge modes and non local conductance in graphene superlattices
Creators: name: Brown, Rory
name: Walet, Niels R.
name: Guinea, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the existence of edge modes in gapped Moiré superlattices in graphene monolayer ribbons. We find that the superlattice bands acquire finite Chern numbers, which lead to a Valley Hall Effect. The presence of dispersive edge modes is confirmed by calculations of the band structure of realistic nanoribbons using tight binding methods. These edge states are only weakly sensitive to disorder, as short-range scattering processes lead to mean free paths of the order of microns. The results explain the existence of edge currents when the chemical potential lies within the bulk superlattice gap, and offer an explanation for existing non-local resistivity measurements in graphene ribbons on boron nitride.
Different Resorptive Patterns of Two Avulsed and Replanted Upper Central Incisors Based on Scanning Electron Microscopy and Stereomicroscopic Analysis: A Case Report
Creators: name: Mazur, Marta
name: Marasca, Roberto
name: Vozza, Iole
name: Ottolenghi, Livia
name: Covello, Francesco
name: Zupancich, Andrea
name: Cristiani, Emanuela
name: Nava, Alessia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110599 Dentistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Dental trauma resulting in permanent tooth avulsion commonly affects the young population. The prognosis of replantation after avulsion depends on the natural history of inflammatory and replacement resorption. Several risk factors for type and onset of external resorption have been defined. This case study describes different resorptive patterns observed in two upper central incisors belonging to a single individual, avulsed in the same moment, and replanted after thirty-six hours of dry storage. The roots were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and stereomicroscope imaging, to obtain an in-depth analysis of the resorptive pattern. The aim of this report is to: (i) underline the high variability in the incidence of root resorption after replantation across and within types of teeth and resorption; and (ii) underline the possible concurrence of different factors affecting the onset and type of resorptive pattern. In conclusion, an unpredictable pattern of resorption may account for the poor prognosis when teeth are replanted outside the current recommendations.
Additional file 1 of Identification of clinical implications and potential prognostic models of chromatin regulator mutations in multiple myeloma
Creators: name: Zhang, Lina
name: Zhang, Run
name: Wang, Jing
name: Chen, Ying
name: Qiao, Chun
name: Shi, Qinglin
name: Jin, Yuanyuan
name: Shen, Xuxing
name: Li, Jianyong
name: Chen, Lijuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Material.
Supplemental Figure 7: Protein concentration noise is robust to variability in size when the transcription rate scales with cell size from Division rate, cell size and proteome allocation: impact on gene expression noise and implications for the dynamics of genetic circuits
Creators: name: Bertaux, François
name: Marguerat, Samuel
name: Shahrezaei, Vahid
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60113 Synthetic Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Same as Figure 2-C, except that transcription rate is proportional to size instead of being constant. The proportionality constant has been chosen to obtain the same average number of protein at birth.
Thermoacoustics of solids: a pathway to solid state engines and refrigerators
Creators: name: Hao, Haitian
name: Scalo, Carlo
name: Sen, Mihir
name: Semperlotti, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermoacoustic oscillations have been one of the most exciting discoveries of the physics of fluids in the 19th century. Since its inception, scientists have formulated a comprehensive theoretical explanation of the basic phenomenon which has later found several practical applications to engineering devices. To-date, all studies have concentrated on the thermoacoustics of fluid media where this fascinating mechanism was exclusively believed to exist. Our study shows theoretical and numerical evidence of the existence of thermoacoustic instabilities in solid media. Although the underlying physical mechanism is analogous to its counterpart in fluids, the theoretical framework highlights relevant differences that have important implications on the ability to trigger and sustain the thermoacoustic response. This mechanism could pave the way to the development of highly robust and reliable solid-state thermoacoustic engines and refrigerators.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures. To be published
Topological charge and cooling scales in pure SU(2) lattice gauge theory
Creators: name: Berg, Bernd A.
name: Clarke, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Monte Carlo simulations with overrelaxation, we have equilibrated lattices up to $β=2.928$, size $60^4$, for pure SU(2) lattice gauge theory with the Wilson action. We calculate topological charges with the standard cooling method and find that they become more reliable with increasing $β$ values and lattice sizes. Continuum limit estimates of the topological susceptibility $χ$ are obtained of which we favor $χ^{1/4}/T_c=0.643\,(12)$, where $T_c$ is the SU(2) deconfinement temperature. Differences between cooling length scales in different topological sectors turn out to be too small to be detectable within our statistical errors.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, added investigation of topological susceptibility
title: Wie kann es Lehrkräften mit geringer Expertise und technischen Ressourcen gelingen gute Erklärvideos zu erstellen und diese sinnvoll in ihren Unterricht einzubetten?
Creators: name: Schwarz, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2024

description: In der praxisbezogene Arbeit werden aufgrund wissenschaftlich fundierter Erkenntnisse konkrete Tipps und Anleitungen zum Erstellen und Einsetzen von Videos im schulischen und universitären Rahmen gegeben. Begleitend wird dies durch kurze, frei zugängliche Erklärvideos auf Einsteiger-Niveau, in denen alle notwendigen Programme und Vorgehensweisen kohärent zusammengefasst sind, dargestellt.
Processing of polar questions in Czech and Russian: an eye-tracking study
Creators: name: Onoeva, Maria
name: Šimík, Radek
name: Mariia Razguliaeva
name: Meyer, Roland
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Syntax
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Psycholinguistics and Neurolinguistics
subject: Semantics and Pragmatics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: See pdf.
Simultaneous Search for Extra Light and Heavy Higgs Bosons via Cascade Decays
Creators: name: Ellwanger, Ulrich
name: Rodriguez-Vazquez, Matias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models with extended Higgs sectors can contain several additional Higgs states, heavier or lighter than the SM Higgs boson. The couplings of lighter extra states to SM particles can be strongly reduced, leading to small cross sections for their direct production. Heavier extra states can have larger couplings to SM particles and, moreover, have large branching fractions into lighter extra states, notably into a SM-like Higgs boson accompagnied by another Higgs state which can be lighter or heavier than 125$\sim$GeV. Motivated by corresponding scenarios in the NMSSM we study the prospects for the discovery or exclusion of cascade decays $ggF \to H_3 \to H_2 + H_1$ in the $b\bar{b}b\bar{b}$, $b\bar{b}ττ$ and $b\bar{b}γγ$ final states where either $H_1$ or $H_2$ can be SM-like. Significant regions of the NMSSM parameter space can be tested by these searches. These are, however, not confined to models of the NMSSM type.
description: 34 pages, 64 figures, explanations, figures and reference added, to appear in JHEP
A snapshot of Late Mesolithic life through death: An appraisal of the lithic and osseous grave goods from the Castelnovian burial of Mondeval de Sora (Dolomites, Italy)
Creators: name: Fontana, Federica
name: Cristiani, Emanuela
name: Bertola, Stefano
name: Briois, Francois
name: Guerreschi, Antonio
name: Ziggiotti, Sara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 210102 Archaeological Science
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: The Late Mesolithic in Southern Europe is dated to the 7th and the first part of the 6th millennia BCE and is marked by profound changes which are mostly evident in the technical know-how and tool-kit of the last hunter-fisher-gatherer societies. The significance of this phase also relates to the fact that it precedes the Early Neolithic, another period of major transformations of human societies. Nonetheless, the Late Mesolithic still remains a poorly known age in this area. A burial discovered at Mondeval de Sora (Northern Italy) in 1987, represents a unique window into this period. In this paper, we provide a detailed analysis of more than 50 lithic and osseous artifacts associated with this burial. We highlight important contextual data regarding the techno-economic dimension and the notion of personal burial possessions. Based on the association and location of some items, we propose a new interpretation of the social status of this individual and the possible impact of technological innovation on the social organization and symbolic sphere of Late Mesolithic groups.
Supplemental Figure 6: Single-cell expression data at different growth rates from Division rate, cell size and proteome allocation: impact on gene expression noise and implications for the dynamics of genetic circuits
Creators: name: Bertaux, François
name: Marguerat, Samuel
name: Shahrezaei, Vahid
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60113 Synthetic Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Average protein expression and noise for three promoter-GFP fusions constructs at different growth rates. Data from Nikolic et al. (2013). As growth rates for batch cultures were not reported, we used values for matching media and background strain from Thakur et al. (2010). Contribution of cell-to-cell variability in size within each condition was reduced by stringent gating. mglB and ptsG encode for components of glucose transport systems, and rpsM encodes for a ribosomal protein. Interestingly, consistently with our modeling predictions presented in Figure 4, for the mglB promoter noise decreases with growth rate despite a decrease in average expression. Average expression from ptsG and rpsM promoters increases with the growth rate, and noise also decreases, as trivially expected for R-like growth rate dependency. Note that mglB and ptsG expression behaviors differ despite encoding proteins of the same functional class, presumably because of known differences in their regulation (Nikolic et al, 2013).
Additional file 2 of Identification of clinical implications and potential prognostic models of chromatin regulator mutations in multiple myeloma
Creators: name: Zhang, Lina
name: Zhang, Run
name: Wang, Jing
name: Chen, Ying
name: Qiao, Chun
name: Shi, Qinglin
name: Jin, Yuanyuan
name: Shen, Xuxing
name: Li, Jianyong
name: Chen, Lijuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. 387 genes selected for sequencing in this study.
Dental calculus reveals Mesolithic foragers in the Balkans consumed domesticated plant foods
Creators: name: Cristiani, Emanuela
name: Radini, Anita
name: Edinborough, Marija
name: Borić, Dušan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 210102 Archaeological Science
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 210105 Archaeology of Europe, the Mediterranean and the Levant

description: Researchers agree that domesticated plants were introduced into southeast Europe from southwest Asia as a part of a Neolithic “package,” which included domesticated animals and artifacts typical of farming communities. It is commonly believed that this package reached inland areas of the Balkans by ∼6200 calibrated (cal.) BC orlater. Our analysis of the starch record entrapped in dental calculus of Mesolithic human teeth at the site of Vlasac in the Danube Gorges of the central Balkans provides direct evidence that already by ∼6600 cal. BC, if not earlier, Late Mesolithic foragers of this region consumed domestic cereals, such as Triticum monococcum, Triticum dicoccum, and Hordeum distichon, which were also the main crops found among Early Neolithic communities of southeast Europe. We infer that “exotic” Neolithic domesticated plants were introduced to southern Europe independently almost half a millennium earlier than previously thought, through networks that enabled exchanges between inland Mesolithic foragers and early farming groups found along the Aegean coast of Turkey.
GOLDRUSH. III. A Systematic Search of Protoclusters at $z\sim4$ Based on the $>100\,\mathrm{deg^2}$ Area
Creators: name: Toshikawa, Jun
name: Uchiyama, Hisakazu
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Overzier, Roderik
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Harikane, Yuichi
name: Ishikawa, Shogo
name: Kodama, Tadayuki
name: Matsuda, Yuichi
name: Lin, Yen-Ting
name: Onoue, Masafusa
name: Tanaka, Masayuk
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Akiyama, Masayuki
name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Goto, Tomotsugu
name: Lee, Chien-Hsiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conduct a systematic search for galaxy protoclusters at $z\sim3.8$ based on the latest internal data release (S16A) of the Hyper SuprimeCam Subaru strategic program (HSC-SSP). In the Wide layer of the HSC-SSP, we investigate the large-scale projected sky distribution of $g$-dropout galaxies over an area of $121\,\mathrm{deg^2}$, and identify 216 large-scale overdense regions ($>4σ$ overdensity significance) that are good protocluster candidates. Of these, 37 are located within $8\,\mathrm{arcmin}$ ($3.4\,\mathrm{physicalMpc}$) from other protocluster candidates of higher overdensity, and are expected to merge into a single massive structure by $z=0$. Therefore, we find 179 unique protocluster candidates in our survey. A cosmological simulation that includes projection effects predicts that more than 76\% of these candidates will evolve into galaxy clusters with halo masses of at least $10^{14}\,M_{\odot}$ by $z=0$. The unprecedented size of our protocluster candidate catalog allowed us to perform, for the first time, an angular clustering analysis of the systematic sample of protocluster candidates. We find a correlation length of $35.0\,h^{-1}\,\mathrm{Mpc}$. The relation between correlation length and number density of $z\sim3.8$ protocluster candidates is consistent with the prediction of the $Λ$CDM model, and the correlation length is similar to that of rich clusters in the local universe. This result suggests that our protocluster candidates are tracing similar spatial structures as those expected of the progenitors of rich clusters and enhances the confidence that our method to identify protoclusters at high redshifts is robust. In the coming years, our protocluster search will be extended to the entire HSC-SSP Wide sky coverage of $\sim1400\,\mathrm{deg^2}$ to probe cluster formation over a wide redshift range of $z\sim2\mathrm{-}6$.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ special issue
Tracking the transition to agriculture in Southern Europe through ancient DNA analysis of dental calculus
Creators: name: Cristiani, Emanuela
name: Ottoni, Claudio
name: Pinhasi, Ron
name: Borić, Dušan
name: Cheronet, Olivia
name: Sparacello, Vitale
name: Coppa, Alfredo
name: Vujević, Dario
name: Antonovic, Dragana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 60401 Anthropological Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 210102 Archaeological Science
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: Archaeological dental calculus, or mineralized plaque, is a key tool to track the evolution of oral microbiota across time in response to processes that impacted our culture and biology, such as the rise of farming during the Neolithic. However, the extent to which the human oral flora changed from prehistory until present has remained elusive due to the scarcity of data on the microbiomes of prehistoric humans. Here, we present our reconstruction of oral microbiomes via shotgun metagenomics of dental calculus in 44 ancient foragers and farmers from two regions playing a pivotal role in the spread of farming across Europe—the Balkans and the Italian Peninsula. We show that the introduction of farming in Southern Europe did not alter significantly the oral microbiomes of local forager groups, and it was in particular associated with a higher abundance of the species Olsenella sp. oral taxon 807. The human oral environment in prehistory was dominated by a micro- bial species, Anaerolineaceae bacterium oral taxon 439, that diver- sified geographically. A Near Eastern lineage of this bacterial commensal dispersed with Neolithic farmers and replaced the var- iant present in the local foragers. Our findings also illustrate that major taxonomic shifts in human oral microbiome composition oc- curred after the Neolithic and that the functional profile of modern humans evolved in recent times to develop peculiar mechanisms of antibiotic resistance that were previously absent.
Supplemental Figure 5: Impact of baseline expression level on protein concentration noise dependency with the division rate for P proteins from Division rate, cell size and proteome allocation: impact on gene expression noise and implications for the dynamics of genetic circuits
Creators: name: Bertaux, François
name: Marguerat, Samuel
name: Shahrezaei, Vahid
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60113 Synthetic Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: The analysis of Figure 4 is repeated for various baseline expression levels, obtained by scaling up the reference transcription rate, translation rate, or both. As transcription rate increases, intrinsic noise decreases, and the protein concentration noise decreases. The translation rate has a lower impact than transcription rate as mRNA noise dominates.
Increasing straw incorporation rates improves subsoil fertility and crop yield in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China
Creators: name: Cong, Ping
name: Li, Yuyi
name: Wang, Jing
name: Gao, Zhijuan
name: Pang, Huancheng
name: Zhang, Li
name: Liu, Na
name: Dong, Jianxin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: A novel deep-buried straw incorporation management was conducted to improve organic matter and over-compacted subsoil structure in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China. Four straw incorporation rates (CK, 0 kg ha−1; T1, 6 000 kg ha−1; T2, 12 000 kg ha−1; T3, 18 000 kg ha−1) were set up in this three-year field positioning test. It was found that soil water content (SWC), soil penetration resistance (SPR), soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) were improved with straw incorporation rate increasing. Especially in the subsoil layer, compared with CK, T3 created the highest average increase in SWC (61.3%), the lowest SPR (59.4%–39.6%) and the highest increase in SOC (25.9%) and TN (19.2%) during the three years. However, T2 had the highest average SOC conversion rate (41.1%) over the three years and the highest C:N (7.1%) in the third year. Treatments of T2 and T3 showed similar significant increases in wheat and maize yield (7% and 5%, respectively), and root biomass (approximately 19%), which were positively correlated with SWC and SOC. We concluded increasing straw incorporation rates showed more positive effects on improving subsoil SOC and structure, in which T3 had a higher SOC increase while T2 had a higher C-conversion efficiently.
Quasinormal ringing of black holes in Einstein aether theory
Creators: name: Ding, Chikun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational consequence of local Lorentz violation (LV) should show itself in derivation of the characteristic quasinormal ringing of black hole mergers from their general relativity case. In this paper, we study quasinormal modes (QNMs) of the scalar and electromagnetic field perturbations to Einstein aether black holes. We find that quasinormal ringing of the first kind aether black hole is similar to that of another Lorentz violation model---the QED-extension limit of standard model extension. These similarities between completely different backgrounds may imply that LV in gravity sector and LV in matter sector have some connections between themself: damping quasinormal ringing of black holes more rapidly and prolonging its oscillation period. By compared to Schwarzschild black hole, both the first and the second kind aether black holes have larger damping rate and smaller real oscillation frequency of QNMs. And the differences are from 0.7 percent to 35 percents, those could be detected by new generation of gravitational antennas.
description: 9 firgures, 4tables, 4 pages and 2 appendix added. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:gr-qc/0701089 by other authors
Supplemental Figure 1: Realistic modeling of cell size noise and cell growth rate noise as a function of division rates from Division rate, cell size and proteome allocation: impact on gene expression noise and implications for the dynamics of genetic circuits
Creators: name: Bertaux, François
name: Marguerat, Samuel
name: Shahrezaei, Vahid
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60113 Synthetic Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: (A) Model description. The model is as described in Figure 2-A, with the following additional assumptions. The exponential cell growth rate is assumed to be normally distributed around the population average. Noise and memory in cell division and birth size are modeled with the recently proposed 'noisy linear map' (Tanouchi et al, 2015; Jun & Taheri-Araghi, 2015). The case a = 1 corresponds to the ‘adder’ principle (Taheri-Araghi et al, 2015) and a = 0 means that birth size is independent of previous birth size (‘sizer’). (B) Extraction of noisy linear map and cell growth rate noise parameters as a function of population division rate from recent mother machine data at different growth conditions (Taheri-Araghi et al, 2015). We fit simple linear trends to the extracted data to extrapolate to intermediate growth conditions. bµ is chosen such that average birth size matches Vbrith(µ) = b(µ)/2-a(µ) = 0.19 × 21.11×µ. This exponential dependency has been shown in (Taheri-Araghi et al, 2015) to describe the data very well (see their Figure S1). (C) Histograms of individual cell growth rates at different growth conditions show that using normal distributions is accurate.
A taste for the unusual. Green, flat pebbles used by late Neanderthals
Creators: name: Peresani, Marco
name: Bertola, Stefano
name: Caricola, Isabella
name: Nunziante Cesaro, Stella
name: Duches, Rossella
name: Ferretti, Paolo
name: Margaritora, Davide
name: Marrocchino, Elena
name: Eftekhari, Negar
name: Vaccaro, Carmela
name: Zupancich, Andrea
name: Cristiani, Emanuela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 210102 Archaeological Science
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 210105 Archaeology of Europe, the Mediterranean and the Levant

description: Neanderthals collected unusual, sometimes colorful mineral materials from different sources. Several green serpentinite smooth pebbles with a flat shape and use modifications were unearthed at Fumane Cave in northern Italy. This study explores cognitive and functional criteria that influenced the selection and use of unique pebbles based on their regional geology, morphology, petrology, use wear, and residues. Besides the attraction for green materials, there is no evidence for the use of soft green and flat pebbles, like those from Fumane Cave, during the Middle Palaeolithic. Moreover, these materials were collected by Neanderthals only from ca. 44 ka cal BP, despite the large availability of green serpentine pebbles in the alluvial beds near the cave. Ultimately, we provide new data to understand the role of aesthetic and technological factors in shaping the human behavioral range in the Middle Paleolithic.
title: 03_0981
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
АНАЛИЗ СЕЗОННОГО ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ АБИОТИЧЕСКИХ ФАКТОРОВ СРЕДЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ КОНТИНЕНТАЛЬНОГО КЛИМАТА НА РЕПРОДУКТИВНУЮ ФУНКЦИЮ ЧЕЛОВЕКА И МОРФОФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ НОВОРОЖДЕННЫХ
Creators: name: А. Е. Мальцева
Publisher: name: Проблемы региональной экологии
Year: 2019
Subjects: метеорологические условия
температура
атмосферное давление
роды
длительность гестации
абиотические факторы
новорожденные

description: Способность к воспроизводству полноценного потомства — ключевой показатель здоровья популяции, в связи с этим особый интерес представляет проблема изучения воздействия различных факторов окружающей среды с учетом климатических особенностей на период гестации и состояние здоровья новорожденных детей. Для рассмотрения возможного сезонного воздействия абиотических факторов среды в условиях континентального климата на репродуктивную функцию человека и морфофункциональное состояние новорожденных были использованы методы корреляционного, множественного регрессионного и дисперсионного анализа. Изучалась связь между суточным количеством родов, длительностью гестации и значениями метеофакторов за двухлетний период в одном из родильных домов г. Барнаула. Были проанализированы 3299 карт беременных в возрасте 15—43 лет, разрешившихся спонтанными вагинальными родами живыми плодами обоих полов. Установлены корреляции между температурой воздуха, барическим градиентом и количеством родов. Выявлено, что температура среды является ключевым параметром, определяющим изменения частоты родов в разные климатические сезоны года.
Supplemental Figure 4: Growth rate dependence of gene expression parameters for Q (transcriptional or translational adjustment) and P (constitutive expression). from Division rate, cell size and proteome allocation: impact on gene expression noise and implications for the dynamics of genetic circuits
Creators: name: Bertaux, François
name: Marguerat, Samuel
name: Shahrezaei, Vahid
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60113 Synthetic Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Related to Figure 3 (Q-km and Q-kp) and Figure 4 (P) of main text. The same cell volume dependency with the division rate is used in all cases (Vbirth(µ) = 0.19 × 21.11×µ, Taheri-Araghi et al., 2015). For P, to obtain relative changes of km, kp and γm with the division rate, data was extracted from Figure 1 in (Klumpp et al, 2009), which corresponds to constitutively expressed promoters, and simple analytic functions were fitted to the data to allow extrapolation to intermediate division rates.
Supplemental Figure 3: Distinct contributions to protein concentration noise at cell birth from Division rate, cell size and proteome allocation: impact on gene expression noise and implications for the dynamics of genetic circuits
Creators: name: Bertaux, François
name: Marguerat, Samuel
name: Shahrezaei, Vahid
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60113 Synthetic Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: The simulation data from Figure 3 and Figure 4 is used to compute the relative contribution of three noise sources: stochastic gene expression, partitioning noise, and variability in division size and growth rate.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПРОГРАММЫ ЛИКВИДАЦИИ ПРОШЛОГО УЩЕРБА В РЕГИОНЕ
Creators: name: А. Л. Новоселов
name: И. Ю. Новоселова
name: В. А. Лобковский
Publisher: name: Проблемы региональной экологии
Year: 2019
Subjects: прошлый ущерб
экономическая оценка
абсорбция
дисконтирование
целевая программа
упущенная выгода
NPV.

description: В России и других странах имеются значительные площади, подвергнутые загрязнению в процессе хозяйственной деятельности. Загрязнение территорий в прошлые периоды приводит к образованию накопленного ущерба. Для ликвидации накопленного ущерба требуется реализация целевых программ. Авторами ранее был предложен метод оценки накопленного ущерба, который в настоящей статье получил развитие и позволил определить результаты реализации программных мероприятий по ликвидации прошлого ущерба. Приведенный инновационный показатель предотвращенного ущерба от ликвидации накопленного загрязнения позволил сформировать специальную модель определения оптимального порядка реализации программных мероприятий, направленных на ликвидацию прошлого ущерба в регионе. Для решения задачи формирования оптимального расписания реализации программных мероприятий предложен показатель упущенной выгоды от задержки их реализации. На основе разработанных показателей предложена модификация формулы расчета чистого дисконтированного дохода целевой программы ликвидации накопленного ущерба в регионе.
Gravitational signatures of ALP dark matter fragmentation
Creators: name: Koschnitzke, Matthias
name: Chatrchyan, Aleksandr
name: Eröncel, Cem
name: Servant, Geraldine
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: gravitation, effect
fragmentation, model
dark matter, relic density
resonance, parametric
fluctuation
alignment
collapse
axion-like particles
trigger
halo
signature
decay constant
axion

description: The misalignment mechanism for axion-like particles (ALPs) is a leading explanation for dark matter. In this work we investigate ALPs with non-periodic potentials, which allow for large misalignment of the field from the minimum and make it possible for ALPs to match the relic density of dark matter in a large part of the parameter space. Such potentials give rise to self- interactions which can trigger an exponential growth of fluctuations in the ALP field via parametric resonance, leading to the fragmentation of the field. The fluctuations later collapse to halos that can be dense enough to produce observable gravitational effects. These effects would provide a probe of dark matter even if it does not couple to the Standard Model. We determine the relevant regions of parameter space in the (ALP mass, decay constant)-plane and compare predictions in different axion fragmentation models.
The Formation of IRIS Diagnostics. IX. The Formation of the C I 135.58 Line in the Solar Atmosphere
Creators: name: Lin, Hsiao-Hsuan
name: Carlsson, Mats
name: Leenaarts, Jorrit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The C I 135.58 line is located in the wavelength range of NASA's Interface Region Imagin Spectrograph (IRIS) small explorer mission. We here study the formation and diagnostic potential of this line by means of non local-thermodynamic-equilibrium modeling, employing both 1D and 3D radiation-magnetohydrodynamic models. The C I/C II ionization balance is strongly influenced by photoionization by Ly-alpha emission. The emission in the C I 135.58 line is dominated by a recombination cascade and the line forming region is optically thick. The Doppler shift of the line correlates strongly with the vertical velocity in its line forming region, which is typically located at 1.5 Mm height. With IRIS the C I 135.58 line is usually observed together with the O I 135.56 line, and from the Doppler shift of both lines, we obtain the velocity difference between the line forming regions of the two lines. From the ratio of the C I/O I line core intensity, we can determine the distance between the C I and the O I forming layers. Combined with the velocity difference, the velocity gradient at mid-chromospheric heights can be derived. The C I/O I total intensity line ratio is correlated with the inverse of the electron density in the mid-chromosphere. We conclude that the C I 135.58 line is an excellent probe of the middle chromosphere by itself, and together with the O I 135.56 line the two lines provide even more information, which complements other powerful chromospheric diagnostics of IRIS such as the Mg II h and k lines and the C II lines around 133.5 nm.