cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Place & Play SERS: sample collection and preparation-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Creators: name: Kitahama, Yasutaka
name: Pancorbo, Pablo Martinez
name: Segawa, Hiroki
name: Marumi, Machiko
name: Xiao, Ting-Hui
name: Hiramatsu, Kotaro
name: Yang, William
name: Goda, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to perform sensitive, real-time, in situ, multiplex chemical analysis is indispensable for diverse applications such as human health monitoring, food safety testing, forensic analysis, environmental sensing, and homeland security. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an effective tool to offer the ability by virtue of its high sensitivity and rapid label-free signal detection as well as the availability of portable Raman spectrometers. Unfortunately, the practical utility of SERS is limited because it generally requires sample collection and preparation, namely, collecting a sample from an object of interest and placing the sample on top of a SERS substrate to perform a SERS measurement. In fact, not all analytes can satisfy this requirement because the sample collection and preparation process may be undesirable, laborious, difficult, dangerous, costly, or time-consuming. Here we introduce "Place & Play SERS" based on an ultrathin, flexible, stretchable, adhesive, biointegratable gold-deposited polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanomesh substrate that enables placing the substrate on top of an object of interest and performing a SERS measurement of the object by epi-excitation without the need for touching, destroying, and sampling it. Specifically, we characterized the sensitivity of the gold/PVA nanomesh substrate in the Place & Play SERS measurement scheme and then used the scheme to conduct SERS measurements of both wet and dry objects under nearly real-world conditions. To show the practical utility of Place & Play SERS, we demonstrated two examples of its application: food safety testing and forensic analysis. Our results firmly verified the new measurement scheme of SERS and are expected to extend the potential of SERS by opening up untapped applications of sensitive, real-time, in situ multiplex chemical analysis.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Vascular risk factors and longitudinal changes on brain MRI: The ARIC study
Creators: name: Catellier, D. J.
name: Mosley, T. H.
name: Coker, L. H.
name: Shibata, D. K.
name: Knopman, D. S.
name: Sharrett, A. R.
name: Penman, A. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate associations between vascular risk factors and changes in burden of infarcts, ventricular size (VS), sulcal widening (SW), and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in an initially middle-aged, biracial cohort from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.

METHODS: Initial brain magnetic resonance (MR) scans and evaluations for vascular risk factors were performed in 1,812 ARIC participants in 1994-1995. In 2004-2006, 1,130 ARIC participants underwent repeat MR scans. MR scans were rated using a validated 9-point scale for VS, SW, and WMH. Infarcts were recorded. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess associations between vascular risk factors and change between MR scans of one or more grades in VS, SW, WMH, or appearance of new infarcts, controlling for age, sex, and race.

RESULTS: At baseline, the 1,112 participants with usable scans (385 black women, 200 black men, 304 white women, 223 white men) had a mean age of 61.7 ± 4.3 years. In adjusted models, diabetes at baseline was associated with incident infarcts (odds ratio [OR] 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.29-2.95) and worsening SW (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.36-3.24). Hypertension at baseline was associated with incident infarcts (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.23-2.42). In subjects with the highest tertile of fasting blood sugar and systolic blood pressure at baseline, the risk of incident infarcts was 3.68 times higher (95% CI 1.89-7.19) than those in the lowest tertile for both.

CONCLUSION: Both atrophic and ischemic imaging changes were driven by altered glycemic and blood pressure control beginning in midlife.
Microwave magnetic dynamics in ferromagnetic metallic nanostructures lacking inversion symmetry
Creators: name: Kostylev, M.
name: Yang, Z.
name: Maksymov, I. S.
name: Ding, J.
name: Samarin, S.
name: Adeyeye, A. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we carried out systematic experimental and theoretical investigations of the ferromagnetic (FMR) response of quasi-two-dimensional magnetic nano-objects - microscopically long nanostripes made of ferromagentic metals. We were interested in the impact of the symmetries of this geometry on the FMR response. Three possible scenarios, from which the inversion symmetry break originated, were investigated:(1) from the shape of the stripe cross-section, (2) from the double-layer structure of the stripes with exchange coupling between the layers, and (3) from the single-side incidence of the microwave magnetic field on the plane of the nano-pattern. The latter scenario is characteristic of the stripline FMR configuration. It was found that the combined effect of the three symmetry breaks is much stronger than the impacts of each of these symmetry breaks separately.
Использование чины посевной (Lathyrus sativus L.) как компонента комбинированных кормов для цыплят-бройлеров
Creators: name: Ерохина А.В.
name: Бычкова В.В.
name: Светлов В.В.
name: Черных Т.Н.
Publisher: name: Эффективное животноводство
Year: 2022
Subjects: чина посевная
биохимический состав
белок
фракционный состав белка
комбинированные корма
Lathyrus Sativus
biochemical composition
protein
fractional composition of protein
combined feed

description: В статье рассмотрена характеристика биохимического состава и фракционного состава белка экспериментальных образцов комбинированных кормов с включением семян чины посевной, составленных по рецептурам разработанным в ФГБНУ РосНИИСК «Россорго».
description: The article describes the characteristics of the biochemical composition and fractional composition of the protein of experimental samples of combined feed with the inclusion of seeds of the Lathyrus sativus L., compiled according to recipes developed in the FSBI RosNIISK “Rossorgo”.
Cerebral hemodynamics and cognitive impairment: Baseline data from the RECON trial
Creators: name: Chen, R.
name: Lazar, R. M.
name: Grubb, R. L.
name: Pavol, M. A.
name: Powers, W. J.
name: Marshall, R. S.
name: Clarke, W. R.
name: Cheung, Y. K.
name: Videen, T. O.
name: Derdeyn, C. P.
name: Adams, H. P.
name: Festa, J. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether unihemispheral hemodynamic failure is independently associated with cognitive impairment among participants in the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke-sponsored, multicenter, randomized clinical trial, Randomized Evaluation of Carotid Occlusion and Neurocognition (RECON).

METHODS: Forty-three patients were randomized into RECON after recent symptomatic carotid artery occlusion and asymmetrically increased oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) by PET (OEF ratio >1.13), indicating stage II hemodynamic failure on the side of occlusion. The PET-positive patients were compared with 28 RECON-enrolled patients who met all clinical and radiographic inclusion/exclusion criteria but had no OEF asymmetry. A multivariable regression compared patients with PET OEF >1.13 or ≤1.13, stratifying by TIA vs. stroke as the qualifying event. The dependent variable was a composite neurocognitive score derived from averaging age-normalized z scores on a test battery that included global and internal carotid artery (ICA) side-relevant hemisphere-specific tests.

RESULTS: There were no differences in demographic, clinical, or radiologic characteristics between the PET-positive and PET-negative patients except for PET OEF asymmetry. The unadjusted average neurocognitive z score was -1.45 for the PET-positive and -1.25 for the PET-negative patients, indicating cognitive impairment in both groups but no difference between them (p = 0.641). After adjustment for age, education, side of occlusion, depression, and previous stroke, there was a significant difference between PET-positive and PET-negative patients among those with TIA as a qualifying event (average z score = -1.41 vs. -0.76, p = 0.040). Older age and right ICA side were also significant in this model.

CONCLUSION: Hemodynamic failure is independently associated with cognitive impairment in patients with carotid occlusion. This finding establishes the physiologic parameter upon which the extracranial-intracranial bypass will be tested.
Floquet topological phases on a honeycomb lattice using elliptically polarized light
Creators: name: Seshadri, Ranjani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of driving a two-dimensional honeycomb system out of equilibrium using an elliptically polarized light as a time-dependent perturbation. In particular, we try to understand the topological phase diagram of this driven system when the external drive is a vector potential given by ${\bf A}(t) = (A_{0x} \cos(Ωt), A_{0y} \cos(Ωt + ϕ_0))$. These topological phases are characterized by the Floquet Chern number which, in each of these phases, is related to the number of robust edge modes on a nanoribbon. We show that varying the ratio $A_{0x}/A_{0y}$ of the external drive is a possible way to take the system from a trivial to a topological phase and vice versa.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Fat mass and obesity gene and cognitive decline: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Creators: name: Monda, Keri L.
name: Bressler, Jan
name: Boerwinkle, Eric
name: North, Kari E.
name: Penman, Alan
name: Mosley, Thomas H.
name: Demerath, Ellen W.
name: Knopman, David S.
name: Fornage, Myriam
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To determine whether 4 genetic variants in the fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) identified in genome-wide association studies of diabetes and obesity are associated with cognitive change in midlife in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study.Methods: ARIC is a prospective cohort study of the development of atherosclerosis in 15,792 individuals aged 45 to 64 years at baseline from 1986 to 1989. FTO is highly expressed in human fetal and adult brain, and a single nucleotide polymorphism in FTO has previously been associated with reduced brain volume in cognitively normal subjects. Since a relationship between brain atrophy and diminished cognitive function has been demonstrated in ARIC participants, general linear models were used to evaluate the association between 6-year change in scores on 3 neuropsychological tests and FTO genotype.Results: In a sample of 8,364 white and 2,083 African American men and women with no clinical history of stroke, significantly greater mean change in performance on the Delayed Word Recall Test was associated with 2 of 4 FTO single nucleotide polymorphisms examined (rs9939609, rs805136, rs17817449, and rs1421085) in whites but not in African Americans (p ≤ 0.002). The association of the FTO polymorphisms with cognitive change was independent of potential confounding clinical and demographic variables including age, gender, education, diabetes, hypertension, and body mass index.Conclusions: Further studies will be needed to clarify the biological mechanisms and genetic pathways through which variants in FTO can increase susceptibility to decline in verbal memory detectable in middle-aged, community-dwelling adults.
(400351) John Dicksen
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Phase diagrams of Bose-Hubbard model and Haldane-Bose-Hubbard model with complex hopping amplitudes
Creators: name: Kuno, Yoshihito
name: Nakafuji, Takashi
name: Ichinose, Ikuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study Bose-Hubbard models on the square and honeycomb lattices with complex hopping amplitudes, which are feasible by recent experiments of cold atomic gases in optical lattices. To clarify phase diagrams, we use an extended quantum Monte-Carlo simulations (eQMC). For the system on the square lattice, the complex hopping is realized by an artificial magnetic field. We found that vortex-solid states form for certain set of magnetic field, i.e., the magnetic field with the flux quanta per plaquette $f=p/q$, where $p$ and $q$ are co-prime natural numbers. For the system on the honeycomb lattice, we add the next-nearest neighbor complex hopping. The model is a bosonic analog of the Haldane-Hubbard model. By means of the eQMC, we study the model with both weak and strong on-site repulsions. Numerical study shows that the model has a rich phase diagram. We also found that in the system defined on the honeycomb lattice of the cylinder geometry, an interesting edge state appears.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, Revised version as a full paper. Accepted by Physical Review A
Statistical details and clutch size distributions from Rearing a virulent common cuckoo is not extra costly for its only cavity-nesting host.
Creators: name: Samaš, Peter
name: Rutila, Jarkko
name: Honza, Marcel
name: Kysučan, Michal
name: Tomáš Grim
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Virulent brood parasites refrain from arduous parental care, often kill host progeny and inflict rearing costs upon their hosts. Quantifying the magnitude of such costs across the whole period of care (from incubation through to parasite fledgling independence) is essential for understanding the selection pressures on hosts to evolve antiparasitic defences. Despite the central importance of such costs for our understanding of coevolutionary dynamics, they have not yet been comprehensively quantified in any host of any avian brood parasite. We quantified parasite-rearing costs in common redstarts Phoenicurus phoenicurus raising either parasitic common cuckoo Cuculus canorus or their own chicks throughout the complete breeding cycle, and used multiple cost parameters for each breeding stage: incubation, brooding and feeding effort; length of parental/host care; parent/host body condition, and heterophil/lymphocyte ratio (stress-level indicator). Contrary to traditional assumptions, rearing the parasite per se was not associated with overall higher physiological or physical costs to hosts above the natural levels imposed by efforts to rear their own progeny. The low parasite-rearing costs imposed on hosts may, in part, explain the low levels of known host counter-defences in this unusually frequently parasitized cuckoo host.
Migraine and white matter hyperintensities: The ARIC MRI study
Creators: name: Lee Peterlin, B.
name: Jack, Clifford R.
name: Rose, Kathryn M.
name: Coker, Laura H.
name: Knopman, David S.
name: Alonso, Alvaro
name: Mosley, Thomas H.
name: Gottesman, Rebecca F.
name: Hamedani, Ali G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: OBJECTIVE: Migraine is associated with white matter hyperintensities (WMH) cross-sectionally, but its effect on WMH progression is uncertain.

METHODS: Participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities cohort study (n = 10,924) completed a standardized headache questionnaire between 1993 and 1995. A subset of participants (n = 1,028) received 2 MRIs 8 to 12 years apart: once at the time of headache ascertainment, and again from 2004 to 2006. WMH were quantified using both a visually graded score (0-9) and semiautomated volumetric analysis. Linear and logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, and other vascular risk factors were constructed.

RESULTS: Individuals who had migraine without aura were cross-sectionally associated with an 87% greater odds of having a WMH score ≥3 than individuals without headache (adjusted odds ratio = 1.87; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04, 3.37). Participants with migraine had an average of 2.65 cm(3) more WMH than those without headache (95% CI: 0.06, 5.24). However, there was no significant difference in WMH progression over the study period between individuals with and without migraine (1.58 cm(3) more progression for individuals with migraine compared to those without; 95% CI: -0.37, 3.53).

CONCLUSION: Migraine is associated with WMH volume cross-sectionally but not with WMH progression over time. This suggests that the association between migraine and WMH is stable in older age and may be primarily attributable to changes occurring earlier in life, although further work is needed to confirm these findings.
The role of extensibility in the birth of a ruck in a rug
Creators: name: Lee, Alpha A.
name: Gouellec, Clément Le
name: Vella, Dominic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Everyday experience suggests that a `ruck' forms when the two ends of a heavy carpet or rug are brought closer together. Classical analysis, however, shows that the horizontal compressive force needed to create such a ruck should be infinite. We show that this apparent paradox is due to the assumption of inextensibility of the rug. By accounting for a finite extensibility, we show that rucks appear with a finite, non-zero end-shortening and confirm our theoretical results with simple experiments. Finally, we note that the appropriate measure of extensibility, the stretchability, is in this case not determined purely by geometry, but incorporates the mechanics of the sheet.
description: Revised version - small typos corrected
(400348) William Dickson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Statistical details and clutch size distributions from Rearing a virulent common cuckoo is not extra costly for its only cavity-nesting host
Creators: name: Samaš, Peter
name: Rutila, Jarkko
name: Honza, Marcel
name: Kysučan, Michal
name: Tomáš Grim
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Virulent brood parasites refrain from arduous parental care, often kill host progeny and inflict rearing costs upon their hosts. Quantifying the magnitude of such costs across the whole period of care (from incubation through to parasite fledgling independence) is essential for understanding the selection pressures on hosts to evolve antiparasitic defences. Despite the central importance of such costs for our understanding of coevolutionary dynamics, they have not yet been comprehensively quantified in any host of any avian brood parasite. We quantified parasite-rearing costs in common redstarts Phoenicurus phoenicurus raising either parasitic common cuckoo Cuculus canorus or their own chicks throughout the complete breeding cycle and used multiple cost parameters for each breeding stage: incubation, brooding and feeding effort; length of parental/host care; parent/host body condition and the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio (stress-level indicator). Surprisingly and contrary to traditional assumptions, rearing the parasite per se was not associated with overall higher physiological or physical costs to hosts above the natural levels imposed by efforts to rear their own progeny. The low parasite-rearing costs imposed on hosts may, in part, explain the low levels of known host counter-defences in this unusually frequently parasitized cuckoo host.
The inner environment of Z~CMa: High-Contrast Imaging Polarimetry with NaCo
Creators: name: Canovas, H.
name: Perez, S.
name: Dougados, C.
name: de Boer, J.
name: Ménard, F.
name: Casassus, S.
name: Schreiber, M. R.
name: Cieza, L. A.
name: Caceres, C.
name: Girard, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Z\,CMa is a binary composed of an embedded Herbig Be and an FU Ori class star separated by $\sim100$ au. Observational evidence indicate a complex environment in which each star has a circumstellar disk and drives a jet, and the whole system is embedded in a large dusty envelope. Aims. We aim to probe the circumbinary environment of Z\,CMa in the inner 400 au in scattered light. Methods. We use high contrast imaging polarimetry with VLT/NaCo at $H$ and $K_s$ bands. Results. The central binary is resolved in both bands. The polarized images show three bright and complex structures: a common dust envelope, a sharp extended feature previously reported in direct light, and an intriguing bright clump located $0\farcs3$ south of the binary, which appears spatially connected to the sharp extended feature. Conclusions.We detect orbital motion when compared to previous observations, and report a new outburst driven by the Herbig star. Our observations reveal the complex inner environment of Z\,CMa with unprecedented detail and contrast.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A Letters
Randomized trial of minocycline in the treatment of HIV-associated cognitive impairment
Creators: name: Katabira, Elly
name: Ronald, Allan
name: Lee, Anthony
name: Robertson, Kevin
name: Nakasujja, Noeline
name: Musisi, Seggane
name: Miyahara, Sachiko
name: Evans, Scott
name: Sacktor, Ned
name: Clifford, David B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of minocycline in the management of HIV-associated cognitive impairment.

METHODS: We enrolled HIV-positive participants with a CD4 count of 250 to 500 cells/μL in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. They received 100 mg of minocycline or matching placebo orally every 12 hours for 24 weeks. Cognitive function was measured using the Uganda neuropsychological test battery summary measure (U NP Sum) and the Memorial Sloan-Kettering (MSK) scale. The primary efficacy measure was the 24-week change in an average of 9 standardized U NP Sum z scores.

RESULTS: Seventy-three participants were enrolled. Of these, 90% were female, 49% were between the ages 30 and 39 years, and 74% had 6 or more years of education. One participant had MSK score of stage 1 (i.e., mild HIV dementia), and 72 participants had MSK stage 0.5 (i.e., equivocal or subclinical dementia) at the baseline evaluation. The minocycline effect on the 24-week change of the U NP Sum compared with placebo was 0.03 (95% confidence interval -0.51, 0.46; p = 0.37).

CONCLUSION: Minocycline was safe and well tolerated in HIV-positive individuals. However, it did not improve HIV-associated cognitive impairment.

CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class II evidence that 100 mg of minocycline given orally every 12 hours for 24 weeks had no significant effect compared with placebo in the improvement of cognitive function in antiretroviral therapy-naive, HIV-positive patients.
LOT-G3: Plasma Lamp, Ozonator and CW transmitter
Creators: name: Gobato, Ricardo
name: Gobato, Desire Francine
name: Gobato, Alekssander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LOT-G3 is designed to be a versatile equipment that perform several simple experiments for use in helping the physics classes for high school. Easy construction, low cost, using easily accessible materials. Its construction involves simple practices and knowledge of electromagnetism. It has the function of a plasma globe to demonstrate the ionization of a low pressure gas, as well as the formation of magnetic field. Can be used as sanitizer closed environments such as automotive vehicles in ozonator function, demonstrating the ionization of oxygen in the atmosphere, producing ozone, essential to life on earth. And as a sparks transmitter, low power, low frequency modulated continuous wave in (CW), for signals in Morse code. Therefore the equipment here called LOT-G3, has three functions: a plasma lamp, ozonator and CW transmitter.
description: in Portuguese
(400294) Christian Anne Cocks
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary Tables and Figures from Hypoxia weakens mussel attachment by interrupting DOPA cross-linking during adhesive plaque curing.
Creators: name: George, Matthew N.
name: Pedigo, Benjamin
name: Carrington, Emily
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Marine mussels (Mytilus spp.) attach to a wide variety of surfaces underwater using a network of byssal threads, each tipped with a protein-based adhesive plaque that uses the surrounding seawater environment as a curing agent. Plaques undergo environmental post-processing, requiring a basic seawater pH be maintained for up to 8 days for the adhesive to strengthen completely. Given the sensitivity of plaques to local pH conditions long after deposition, we investigated the effect of other aspects of the seawater environment that are known to vary in near shore habitats on plaque curing. The effect of seawater temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen concentration were investigated using tensile testing, atomic force microscopy and amino acid compositional analysis. High temperature (30°C) and hyposalinity (1 PSU) had no effect on adhesion strength, while incubation in hypoxia (0.9 mg l−1) caused plaques to have a mottled coloration and prematurely peel from substrates, leading to a 51% decrease in adhesion strength. AFM imaging of the plaque cuticle found that plaques cured in hypoxia had regions of lower stiffness throughout, indicative of reductions in DOPA cross-linking between adhesive proteins. A better understanding of the dynamics of plaque curing could aid in the design of better synthetic adhesives, particularly in medicine where adhesion must take place within wet body cavities.
(400295) Robert Alexander Cocks
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Summary of evidence-based guideline update: Evaluation and management of concussion in sports: Report of the Guideline Development Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
Creators: name: Kutcher, Jeffrey S.
name: Thurman, David J.
name: Giza, Christopher C.
name: Mandel, Steven
name: Manley, Geoffrey
name: McKeag, Douglas B.
name: Zafonte, Ross
name: Getchius, Thomas S.D.
name: Guskiewicz, Kevin
name: Gioia, Gerard A.
name: Barth, Jeffrey
name: Gronseth, Gary S.
name: Ashwal, Stephen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: OBJECTIVE: To update the 1997 American Academy of Neurology (AAN) practice parameter regarding sports concussion, focusing on 4 questions: 1) What factors increase/decrease concussion risk? 2) What diagnostic tools identify those with concussion and those at increased risk for severe/prolonged early impairments, neurologic catastrophe, or chronic neurobehavioral impairment? 3) What clinical factors identify those at increased risk for severe/prolonged early postconcussion impairments, neurologic catastrophe, recurrent concussions, or chronic neurobehavioral impairment? 4) What interventions enhance recovery, reduce recurrent concussion risk, or diminish long-term sequelae? The complete guideline on which this summary is based is available as an online data supplement to this article.

METHODS: We systematically reviewed the literature from 1955 to June 2012 for pertinent evidence. We assessed evidence for quality and synthesized into conclusions using a modified Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation process. We used a modified Delphi process to develop recommendations.

RESULTS: Specific risk factors can increase or decrease concussion risk. Diagnostic tools to help identify individuals with concussion include graded symptom checklists, the Standardized Assessment of Concussion, neuropsychological assessments, and the Balance Error Scoring System. Ongoing clinical symptoms, concussion history, and younger age identify those at risk for postconcussion impairments. Risk factors for recurrent concussion include history of multiple concussions, particularly within 10 days after initial concussion. Risk factors for chronic neurobehavioral impairment include concussion exposure and APOE ε4 genotype. Data are insufficient to show that any intervention enhances recovery or diminishes long-term sequelae postconcussion. Practice recommendations are presented for preparticipation counseling, management of suspected concussion, and management of diagnosed concussion.
Adiponectin and leptin levels in migraineurs in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Creators: name: Rose, Kathryn M.
name: Pankow, James S.
name: Peterlin, B. Lee
name: Schneider, Andrea L.C.
name: Kurth, Tobias
name: Gottesman, Rebecca F.
name: Williams, Michelle A.
name: Couper, David J.
name: Dearborn, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate adiponectin and leptin levels in older men and women with migraine.

METHODS: Fasting total and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin and leptin levels were evaluated in a case-cohort study of nondiabetic older migraine and nonmigraine control participants from the ongoing, longitudinal, general population, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study at visit 1 (1987-1989). A standardized headache questionnaire was completed at visit 3 (1993-1995). Logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, race, center, body mass index, and fasting glucose were used to evaluate the association of each adipocytokine with migraine.

RESULTS: Of the 981 participants, the mean age at baseline was 52.8 years (SE 0.3); 131 fulfilled migraine criteria. Crude, mean total adiponectin levels were greater in men and women with migraine (8.1 µg/mL, SE 0.5) as compared to those without migraine (7.0 µg/mL, SE 0.2) (p = 0.031). After adjustments, the odds of migraine were increased by 88% with each SD increase in total adiponectin in men (odds ratio [OR] 1.86; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15, 3.01; p = 0.011), but not in women (OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.80, 1.37; p = 0.728; p interaction = 0.029). Similar results were demonstrated for HMW adiponectin. Crude and adjusted leptin levels were not associated with migraine.

CONCLUSIONS: Although crude, total adiponectin levels were higher in older men and women with migraine than controls, after adjustments, the prevalence of migraine was significantly associated with total adiponectin only in older men, suggesting the association may be confounded or absent in older women. Leptin was not associated with migraine in older men or women.
Supplementary Tables and Figures from Hypoxia weakens mussel attachment by interrupting DOPA cross-linking during adhesive plaque curing
Creators: name: George, Matthew N.
name: Pedigo, Benjamin
name: Carrington, Emily
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Marine mussels (Mytilus spp.) attach to a wide variety of surfaces underwater using a network of byssal threads, each tipped with a protein-based adhesive plaque that uses the surrounding seawater environment as a curing agent. Plaques undergo environmental post-processing, requiring a basic seawater pH be maintained for up to 8 days for the adhesive to strengthen completely. Given the sensitivity of plaques to local pH conditions long after deposition, we investigated the effect of other aspects of the seawater environment that are known to vary in near shore habitats on plaque curing. The effect of seawater temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen concentration were investigated using tensile testing, atomic force microscopy and amino acid compositional analysis. High temperature (30°C) and hyposalinity (1 PSU) had no effect on adhesion strength, while incubation in hypoxia (0.9 mg l−1) caused plaques to have a mottled coloration and prematurely peel from substrates, leading to a 51% decrease in adhesion strength. AFM imaging of the plaque cuticle found that plaques cured in hypoxia had regions of lower stiffness throughout, indicative of reductions in DOPA cross-linking between adhesive proteins. A better understanding of the dynamics of plaque curing could aid in the design of better synthetic adhesives, particularly in medicine where adhesion must take place within wet body cavities.
Methods, statistics, supplementary figures; Manuscript with changes indicated in red font from Resource dispersion influences dispersal evolution of highly insulated insect communities.
Creators: name: Vignesh Venkateswaran
name: Anusha L. K. Kumble
name: Borges, Renee M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Trait data, statistics, GPS locations, methods; Track changes version of manuscript
Dementia and dependence: Do modifiable risk factors delay disability?
Creators: name: Wu, Qiong
name: Rist, Pamela M.
name: Glymour, M. Maria
name: Marden, Jessica R.
name: Capistrant, Benjamin D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: OBJECTIVE: To identify modifying factors that preserve functional independence among individuals at high dementia risk.

METHODS: Health and Retirement Study participants aged 65 years or older without baseline activities of daily living (ADL) limitations (n = 4,922) were interviewed biennially for up to 12 years. Dementia probability, estimated from direct and proxy cognitive assessments, was categorized as low (i.e., normal cognitive function), mild, moderate, or high risk (i.e., very impaired) and used to predict incident ADL limitations (censoring after limitation onset). We assessed multiplicative and additive interactions of dementia category with modifiers (previously self-reported physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, depression, and income) in predicting incident limitations.

RESULTS: Smoking, not drinking, and income predicted incident ADL limitations and had larger absolute effects on ADL onset among individuals with high dementia probability than among cognitively normal individuals. Smoking increased the 2-year risk of ADL limitations onset from 9.9% to 14.9% among the lowest dementia probability category and from 32.6% to 42.7% among the highest dementia probability category. Not drinking increased the 2-year risk of ADL limitations onset by 2.1 percentage points among the lowest dementia probability category and 13.2 percentage points among the highest dementia probability category. Low income increased the 2-year risk of ADL limitations onset by 0.4% among the lowest dementia probability category and 12.9% among the highest dementia probability category.

CONCLUSIONS: Smoking, not drinking, and low income predict incident dependence even in the context of cognitive impairment. Regardless of cognitive status, reducing these risk factors may improve functional outcomes and delay institutionalization.
Heisenberg's original derivation of the uncertainty principle and its universally valid reformulations
Creators: name: Ozawa, Masanao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heisenberg's uncertainty principle was originally posed for the limit of the accuracy of simultaneous measurement of non-commuting observables as stating that canonically conjugate observables can be measured simultaneously only with the constraint that the product of their mean errors should be no less than a limit set by Planck's constant. However, Heisenberg with the subsequent completion by Kennard has long been credited only with a constraint for state preparation represented by the product of the standard deviations. Here, we show that Heisenberg actually proved the constraint for the accuracy of simultaneous measurement but assuming an obsolete postulate for quantum mechanics. This assumption, known as the repeatability hypothesis, formulated explicitly by von Neumann and Schrödinger, was broadly accepted until the 1970s, but abandoned in the 1980s, when completely general quantum measurement theory was established. We also survey the author's recent proposal for a universally valid reformulation of Heisenberg's uncertainty principle under the most general assumption on quantum measurement.
description: v3:10 peges, typos corrected. v2:10 pages, changed title, based on an invited talk at the Discussion Meeting on Quantum Measurements, Bangalore, India, 22-24 October 2014
Methods, statistics, supplementary figures; Manuscript with changes indicated in red font from Resource dispersion influences dispersal evolution of highly insulated insect communities
Creators: name: Vignesh Venkateswaran
name: Anusha L. K. Kumble
name: Borges, Renee M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Trait data, statistics, GPS locations, methods; Track changes version of manuscript
Lower stroke risk with lower blood pressure in hemodynamic cerebral ischemia
Creators: name: Videen, Tom O.
name: Powers, William J.
name: Derdeyn, Colin P.
name: Grubb Jr., Robert L.
name: Adams Jr., Harold P.
name: Clarke, William R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether strict blood pressure (BP) control is the best medical management for patients with symptomatic carotid artery occlusion and hemodynamic cerebral ischemia.

METHODS: In this prospective observational cohort study, we analyzed data from 91 participants in the nonsurgical group of the Carotid Occlusion Surgery Study (COSS) who had recent symptomatic internal carotid artery occlusion and hemodynamic cerebral ischemia manifested by ipsilateral increased oxygen extraction fraction. The target BP goal in COSS was ≤130/85 mm Hg. We compared the occurrence of ipsilateral ischemic stroke during follow-up in the 41 participants with mean BP ≤130/85 mm Hg to the remaining 50 with higher BP.

RESULTS: Of 16 total ipsilateral ischemic strokes that occurred during follow-up, 3 occurred in the 41 participants with mean follow-up BP of ≤130/85 mm Hg, compared to 13 in the remaining 50 participants with mean follow-up BP >130/85 mm Hg (hazard ratio 3.742, 95% confidence interval 1.065-13.152, log-rank p = 0.027).

CONCLUSION: BPs ≤130/85 mm Hg were associated with lower subsequent stroke risk in these patients.

CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class III evidence that control of hypertension ≤130/85 mm Hg is associated with a reduced risk of subsequent ipsilateral ischemic stroke in patients with recently symptomatic carotid occlusion and hemodynamic cerebral ischemia (increased oxygen extraction fraction).
(400296) Robert Cocks
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Show me your NFT and I tell you how it will perform: Multimodal representation learning for NFT selling price prediction
Creators: name: Costa, Davide
name: La Cava, Lucio
name: Tagarelli, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) represent deeds of ownership, based on blockchain technologies and smart contracts, of unique crypto assets on digital art forms (e.g., artworks or collectibles). In the spotlight after skyrocketing in 2021, NFTs have attracted the attention of crypto enthusiasts and investors intent on placing promising investments in this profitable market. However, the NFT financial performance prediction has not been widely explored to date. In this work, we address the above problem based on the hypothesis that NFT images and their textual descriptions are essential proxies to predict the NFT selling prices. To this purpose, we propose MERLIN, a novel multimodal deep learning framework designed to train Transformer-based language and visual models, along with graph neural network models, on collections of NFTs' images and texts. A key aspect in MERLIN is its independence on financial features, as it exploits only the primary data a user interested in NFT trading would like to deal with, i.e., NFT images and textual descriptions. By learning dense representations of such data, a price-category classification task is performed by MERLIN models, which can also be tuned according to user preferences in the inference phase to mimic different risk-return investment profiles. Experimental evaluation on a publicly available dataset has shown that MERLIN models achieve significant performances according to several financial assessment criteria, fostering profitable investments, and also beating baseline machine-learning classifiers based on financial features.
description: Accepted paper at The ACM Web Conference 2023, April 30--May 04, 2023, Austin, Texas, USA
Can food aid relax farmers’ constraints to adopting climate-adaptive agricultural practices? Evidence from Ethiopia, Malawi and the United Republic of Tanzania
Creators: name: Ignaciuk, Ada
name: Malevolti, Giulia
name: Scognamillo, Antonio
name: Sitko, Nicholas J.
name: Ignaciuk, Ada
name: Malevolti, Giulia
name: Scognamillo, Antonio
name: Sitko, Nicholas J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: agriculture
subject: adaptive
subject: adoption
subject: social protection
subject: climate vulnerability

description: The adoption of climate-adaptive agricultural practices (CAAPs) among resource-poor smallholder households is typically hindered by liquidity and risk constraints. Using an inverse probability weighted estimator that uses three waves of nationally representative panel survey data from Ethiopia, Malawi and the United Republic of Tanzania, this article examines whether food transfers help overcome barriers to the adoption of selected CAAPs. The results show that in each country analysed, receiving food transfers increase the probability of adopting at least one CAAP.
description: FAO Document Repository: https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9395en
Supplementary Methods and Results from Social cues can push amphibious fish to their thermal limits.
Creators: name: Currie, Suzanne
name: Tattersall, Glenn J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary methods, experimental schematics, statistical analyses, and summary results
Dynamics of the birational maps arising from $F_0$ and $dP_3$ quivers
Creators: name: Cruz, Inês
name: Mena-Matos, Helena
name: Sousa-Dias, M. Esmeralda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 39A20, 37E15, 37J35

description: The dynamics of the maps associated to $F_0$ and $dP_3$ quivers is studied in detail. We show that the corresponding reduced symplectic maps are conjugate to globally periodic maps by providing explicit conjugations. The dynamics in $\Rb^N_+$ of the original maps is obtained by lifting the dynamics of these globally periodic maps and the solution of the discrete dynamical systems generated by each map is given. A better understanding of the dynamics is achieved by considering first integrals. The relationship between the complete integrability of the globally periodic maps and the dynamics of the original maps is explored.