cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High-brightness switchable multi-wavelength remote laser in air
Creators: name: Yao, Jinping
name: Zeng, Bin
name: Xu, Huailiang
name: Li, Guihua
name: Chu, Wei
name: Ni, Jielei
name: Zhang, Haisu
name: Chin, See Leang
name: Cheng, Ya
name: Xu, Zhizhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Remote laser in air based on amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) has produced rather well-collimated coherent beams in both backward and forward propagation directions, opening up possibilities for new remote sensing approaches. The remote ASE-based lasers were shown to enable operation either at ~391 and 337 nm using molecular nitrogen or at ~845 nm using molecular oxygen as gain medium, depending on the employed pump lasers. To date, a multi-wavelength laser in air that allows for dynamically switching the operating wavelength has not yet been achieved, although this type of laser is certainly of high importance for detecting multiple hazard gases. In this Letter, we demonstrate, for the first time to our knowledge, a harmonic-seeded switchable multi-wavelength laser in air driven by intense mid-infrared femtosecond laser pulses. Furthermore, population inversion in the multi-wavelength remote laser occurs at an ultrafast time-scale (i.e., less than ~200 fs) owing to direct formation of excited molecular nitrogen ions by strong-field ionization of inner-valence electrons, which is fundamentally different from the previously reported pumping mechanisms based either on electron recombination of ionized molecular nitrogen or on resonant two-photon excitation of atomic oxygen fragments resulting from resonant two-photon dissociation of molecular oxygen. The bright multi-wavelength laser in air opens the perspective for remote detection of multiple pollutants based on nonlinear spectroscopy.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Rotation, magnetism, and metallicity of M dwarf systems
Creators: name: Shulyak, D.
name: Seifahrt, A.
name: Reiners, A.
name: Kochukhov, O.
name: Piskunov, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Close M-dwarf binaries and higher multiples allow the investigation of rotational evolution and mean magnetic flux unbiased from scatter in inclination angle and age since the orientation of the spin axis of the components is most likely parallel and the individual systems are coeval. Systems composed of an early (M0.0 -- M4.0) and a late (M4.0 -- M8.0) type component offer the possibility to study differences in rotation and magnetism between partially and fully convective stars. We have selected 10 of the closest dM systems to determine the rotation velocities and the mean magnetic field strengths based on spectroscopic analysis of FeH lines of Wing-Ford transitions at 1 $μ$m observed with VLT/CRIRES. We also studied the quality of our spectroscopic model regarding atmospheric parameters including metallicity. A modified version of the Molecular Zeeman Library (MZL) was used to compute Landé g-factors for FeH lines. Magnetic spectral synthesis was performed with the Synmast code. We confirmed previously reported findings that less massive M-dwarfs are braked less effectively than objects of earlier types. Strong surface magnetic fields were detected in primaries of four systems (GJ 852, GJ 234, LP 717-36, GJ 3322), and in the secondary of the triple system GJ 852. We also confirm strong 2 kG magnetic field in the primary of the triple system GJ 2005. No fields could be accurately determined in rapidly rotating stars with $\vsini>10$ \kms. For slow and moderately rotating stars we find the surface magnetic field strength to increase with the rotational velocity $\vsini$ which is consistent with other results from studying field stars.
description: Accepted by MNRAS, 10 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables
Geometry of the set of mixed quantum states: An apophatic approach
Creators: name: Bengtsson, Ingemar
name: Weis, Stephan
name: Życzkowski, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P16 (Primary) 52A20 (Secondary)

description: The set of quantum states consists of density matrices of order $N$, which are hermitian, positive and normalized by the trace condition. We analyze the structure of this set in the framework of the Euclidean geometry naturally arising in the space of hermitian matrices. For N=2 this set is the Bloch ball, embedded in $\mathbb R^3$. For $N \geq 3$ this set of dimensionality $N^2-1$ has a much richer structure. We study its properties and at first advocate an apophatic approach, which concentrates on characteristics not possessed by this set. We also apply more constructive techniques and analyze two dimensional cross-sections and projections of the set of quantum states. They are dual to each other. At the end we make some remarks on certain dimension dependent properties.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, v2: 5 figures changed from bw to color
Model-independent parametrization of the hadronic vacuum polarization and g-2 for the muon on the lattice
Creators: name: Aubin, Christopher
name: Blum, Thomas
name: Golterman, Maarten
name: Peris, Santiago
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The leading hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment is given by a weighted integral over euclidean momentum of the hadronic vacuum polarization. This integral is dominated by momenta of order the muon mass. Since the finite volume in lattice QCD makes it difficult to compute the vacuum polarization at a large number of low momenta with high statistics (combined with the fact that one cannot compute it at zero momentum), a parametrization of the vacuum polarization is required to extrapolate the data. A much used functional form is based on vector meson dominance, which introduces model dependence into the lattice computation of the magnetic moment. Here we introduce a model-independent extrapolation method, and present a few first tests of this new method.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 2 of Validation of the interview-based life-space assessment in institutionalized settings (LSA-IS) for older persons with and without cognitive impairment
Creators: name: Hauer, Klaus
name: Ullrich, Phoebe
name: Heldmann, Patrick
name: Hummel, Saskia
name: Bauer, Jürgen M.
name: Werner, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Life-Space Assessment for Persons in institutionalized settings (LSA-IS) – User Manual.
Protein multi-scale organization through graph partitioning and robustness analysis: Application to the myosin-myosin light chain interaction
Creators: name: Delmotte, Antoine
name: Tate, Edward W
name: Yaliraki, Sophia N
name: Barahona, Mauricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Despite the recognized importance of the multi-scale spatio-temporal organization of proteins, most computational tools can only access a limited spectrum of time and spatial scales, thereby ignoring the effects on protein behavior of the intricate coupling between the different scales. Starting from a physico-chemical atomistic network of interactions that encodes the structure of the protein, we introduce a methodology based on multi-scale graph partitioning that can uncover partitions and levels of organization of proteins that span the whole range of scales, revealing biological features occurring at different levels of organization and tracking their effect across scales. Additionally, we introduce a measure of robustness to quantify the relevance of the partitions through the generation of biochemically-motivated surrogate random graph models. We apply the method to four distinct conformations of myosin tail interacting protein, a protein from the molecular motor of the malaria parasite, and study properties that have been experimentally addressed such as the closing mechanism, the presence of conserved clusters, and the identification through computational mutational analysis of key residues for binding.
description: 13 pages, 7 Postscript figures
Automated Enrichment of Routing Instructions
Creators: name: Wage, Oskar
name: Feuerhake, Udo
name: Sester, Monika
Publisher: name: Lund : Association of Geographic Information Laboratories in Europe
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: routing
subject: cognitive map
subject: landmark
subject: orientation
subject: navigation
subject: Routing
subject: kognitive Karte
subject: Landmarke
subject: Orientierung
subject: Navigation
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Commonly used navigation instructions are based on metric turn descriptions (e.g. “turn left onto Nienburger Straße in 100 m”). For the user it is easy to follow the route, but later it is typically hard to remember how s/he got there. Orientation is based on remarkable objects or locations called landmarks. They are then linked and combined to so-called survey knowledge in the psychological model of a cognitive map. Some of today’s navigation systems also contain landmarks – they are, however, only used at decision points of the route. The goal of this research is to enhance the user's own sense of orientation by enriching common routing instructions with relational hints to landmarks. First, potential landmark objects are defined, extracted from OpenStreetMap and assigned an importance weight. The landmarks are then used to enrich the given routes: In the enrichment process, the influence of the landmarks is modeled as a decline of the weight by distance. Afterwards the most influential landmark is selected for each route segment. The 9-Intersection-Model and an adapted Direction-RelationMatrix are the core methods that are used to analyse and determine the relations between the route and the chosen landmarks. The automatic description of relevant landmarks along a route is implemented as an interactive web-map. The main goal of this paper is the development of the system. Still, a first evaluation was conducted, in order to test the users’ ability of orientation after using enriched instructions compared to users using the classic ones.
Electromagnetic emission from hot medium measured by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC
Creators: name: Sakaguchi, Takao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic radiation has been of interest in heavy ion collisions because they shed light on early stages of the collisions where hadronic probes do not provide direct information since hadronization and hadronic interactions occur later. The latest results on photon measurement from the PHENIX experiment at RHIC reflect thermodynamic properties of the matter produced in the heavy ion collisions. An unexpectedly large positive elliptic flow measured for direct photons can not be explained by any of the current models.
description: Talk contributed to Rutherford Centennial Conference, Aug 8-12, 2011, held in Manchester, UK
Macrodimension - an invariant of local dynamics
Creators: name: Malyshev, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 83E50

description: We define a Markov process on the set of countable graphs with spins. Transitions are local substitutions in the graph. It is proved that the scaling macrodimension is an invariant of such dynamics.
The Proof of Innocence
Creators: name: Krioukov, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A way to fight your traffic tickets. The paper was awarded a special prize of $400 that the author did not have to pay to the state of California. In view of enormous, extremely surprising and completely unexpected public interest to this work, we have added an appendix answering the two most common questions.
Shock-Generated Turbulence In the Innermost 50 pc of the Galaxy Center
Creators: name: Goldman, Itzhak
name: Contini, Marcella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The center of the Milky Way galaxy (MW) is an extreme environment which contains a massive black hole surrounded by a very dense star cluster, two other adjacent star clusters, and a giant molecular cloud which would serve as an incubator to a new generation of stars. The gas and dust in its vicinity are denser by 2-3 orders of magnitude than in other locations in the MW. This is also the case with the magnetic field. The kinematics of the gas is characterized by apparently random, supersonic flows. In this paper we provide observational evidence for the existence of a supersonic turbulence, most likely generated by the shock waves. Moreover, the mere existence of turbulence and its characteristics are shown to be instrumental in testing the validity and consistency of theoretical modeling of the spectra of the gas filaments.
description: Talk presented in "Waves and Instabilities in Space and Astrophysical Plasmas" June 19-24 2011, Eilat, Israel. To appear in "Waves and Instabilities in Space and Astrophysical Plasmas", P.-L. Sulem and M. Mond, editors, AIPC
Additional file 1 of Validation of the interview-based life-space assessment in institutionalized settings (LSA-IS) for older persons with and without cognitive impairment
Creators: name: Hauer, Klaus
name: Ullrich, Phoebe
name: Heldmann, Patrick
name: Hummel, Saskia
name: Bauer, Jürgen M.
name: Werner, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Life-Space Assessment in Institutionalized Settings (LSA-IS). (documentation form)
Photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic properties of N + S co-doped TiO2 nanotube array films under visible light irradiation
Creators: name: Yan, Guotian
name: Zhang, Min
name: Houa, Jian
name: Yang, Jianjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we report on the co-doping nitrogen and sulfur has been achieved in the TiO2 nanotube array films by treatment with thiourea and calcination under vacuum at 500 °C for 3 h. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. XPS spectra revealed that N might coexist in the forms of NTiO and NOTi, S was incorporated into the lattice of TiO2 through substituting oxygen atoms in the N + S co-doped TiO2 nanotube array films. XRD patterns indicated that improved crystallinity was obtained for N + S co-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays as compared to that of undoped TiO2 nanotube arrays. In photoelectrochemical measurements, the photocurrent of N + S co-doped TiO2 nanotube array films was greatly enhanced compared to that of undoped samples under visible light irradiation. And the photocatalytic activities of the samples were evaluated on the removal of methylene blue under visible light irradiation. The N + S co-doped TiO2 nanotube array films showed a better photocatalytic activity than the undoped sample due to the N, S doping. Keywords: Nanostructures; Oxide; Thin films; Electrochemical properties
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 3 of Validation of the interview-based life-space assessment in institutionalized settings (LSA-IS) for older persons with and without cognitive impairment
Creators: name: Hauer, Klaus
name: Ullrich, Phoebe
name: Heldmann, Patrick
name: Hummel, Saskia
name: Bauer, Jürgen M.
name: Werner, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. COSMIN Study Design checklist for Patient-reported outcome measurement instruments.
IO vs OI in Higher-Order Recursion Schemes
Creators: name: Haddad, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a study of the modes of derivation of higher-order recursion schemes, proving that value trees obtained from schemes using innermost-outermost derivations (IO) are the same as those obtained using unrestricted derivations. Given that higher-order recursion schemes can be used as a model of functional programs, innermost-outermost derivations policy represents a theoretical view point of call by value evaluation strategy.
description: In Proceedings FICS 2012, arXiv:1202.3174
Additional file 1 of Midwives’ integration of post abortion manual vacuum aspiration in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a mixed methods case study & positive deviance assessment
Creators: name: Bourret, Kirsty M.
name: Larocque, Sylvie
name: Hien, Amélie
name: Hogue, Carol
name: Kalum Muray
name: Lukusa, Aurélie Thethe
name: Ngabo, Abel Minani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Rejoinder
Creators: name: Little, Roderick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rejoinder of "Calibrated Bayes, for Statistics in General, and Missing Data in Particular" by R. Little [arXiv:1108.1917]
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-STS318REJ the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Additional file 2 of Midwives’ integration of post abortion manual vacuum aspiration in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a mixed methods case study & positive deviance assessment
Creators: name: Bourret, Kirsty M.
name: Larocque, Sylvie
name: Hien, Amélie
name: Hogue, Carol
name: Kalum Muray
name: Lukusa, Aurélie Thethe
name: Ngabo, Abel Minani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Pseudo-potential Band Structure Calculation of InSb Ultra-thin Films and its application to assess the n-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Transistor Performance
Creators: name: Zhu, Zhen Gang
name: Low, Tony
name: Li, Ming Fu
name: Fan, Wei Jun
name: Bai, P.
name: Kwong, D. L.
name: Samudra, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Band structure of InSb thin films with $<100>$ surface orientation is calculated using empirical pseudopotential method (EPM) to evaluate the performance of nanoscale devices using InSb substrate. Contrary to the predictions by simple effective mass approximation methods (EMA), our calculation reveals that $Γ$ valley is still the lowest lying conduction valley. Based on EPM calculations, we obtained the important electronic structure and transport parameters, such as effective mass and valley energy minimum, of InSb thin film as a function of film thickness. Our calculations reveal that the 'effective mass' of $Γ$ valley electrons increases with the scaling down of the film thickness. We also provide an assessment of nanoscale InSb thin film devices using Non-Equilibrium Green's Function under the effective mass framework in the ballistic regime.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables
Evaluating societal preferences for the human papillomavirus vaccines using a discrete choice experiment
Creators: name: Oteng, Bridgette
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Objectives: The objectives of this thesis were to i) evaluate societal preferences for the Human Papillomavirus vaccines using a discrete choice experiment (DCE), ii) determine societal willingness to pay (WTP) for an additional protection for genital warts, iii) identify subgroups with different preferences and iv) determine the trade-offs between benefits and perceived risks. Methods: Participants from across Canada were recruited for the study with a sample representative of the Canadian population. They completed a choice-based questionnaire which required them to choose between different combinations of attribute levels. The attributes were: (1) lifetime risk of cervical cancer (CC) and genital warts (GW); (2) frequency of Pap smear testing; (3) need for vaccine booster; (4) target group to vaccinate (girls only or girls and boys); (4) frequency of side effects and (5) cost of the vaccine. A mixed effect logistic model was used to analyze the data. Results: The 1157 participants included in the analysis had a mean age of 44 years (SD=15), and 49% of them were females. About 79% had high school/trade school education, and 61% earned more than $55,000/year. About 46% of participants had children. Respondents had a strong relative preference to avoid a yearly Pap smear testing and the most preferred frequency was every 3 years. They preferred a vaccine that would give lifelong immunity, that is, there was a preference for not receiving the vaccine booster dose. Respondents were more likely to choose a vaccination and screening strategy that targeted both boys and girls rather than girls alone. On average, respondents had a WTP of 303 to administer the vaccine to both girls and boys and a mean WTP of $53 and $21 to avoid a 1% increase risk of cervical cancer and genital warts, respectively. To avoid a 1% risk of cervical cancer, respondents were willing to accept a 2.43% increase in the risk of genital warts Conclusions: Society agrees with the introduction of the HPV vaccination program, but would prefer a vaccination strategy which targets both boys and girls and among the two HPV vaccines, Gardasil® was preferred because of its ability to prevent genital wart infection.
The evolution of low mass, close binary systems with a neutron star component: a detailed grid
Creators: name: De Vito, M. A.
name: Benvenuto, O. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In close binary systems composed of a normal, donor star and an accreting neutron star, the amount of material received by the accreting component is, so far, a real intrigue. In the literature there are available models that link the accretion disk surrounding the neutron star with the amount of material it receives, but there is no model linking the amount of matter lost by the donor star to that falling onto the neutron star. In this paper we explore the evolutionary response of these close binary systems when we vary the amount of material accreted by the neutron star. We consider a parameter β, which represents the fraction of material lost by the normal star that can be accreted by the neutron star. βis considered as constant throughout evolution. We have computed the evolution of a set of models considering initial donor star masses (in solar units) between 0.5 and 3.50, initial orbital periods (in days) between 0.175 and 12, initial masses of neutron stars (in solar units) of 0.80, 1.00, 1.20 and 1.40 and several values of beta. We assumed solar abundances. These systems evolve to ultracompact or to open binary systems, many of which form low mass helium white dwarfs. We present a grid of calculations and analyze how these results are affected upon changes in the value of β. We find a weak dependence of the final donor star mass with respect to β. In most cases this is also true for the final orbital period. The most sensitive quantity is the final mass of the accreting neutron star. As we do not know the initial mass and rotation rate of the neutron star of any system, we find that performing evolutionary studies is not helpful for determining β.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Physical and geochemical behavior of mine rock stockpiles in high rainfall environments
Creators: name: Andrina, Judy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A full-scale trial dump was constructed at Grasberg Mine, Indonesia, to investigate the geochemical processes and flow behavior within a waste rock pile in a high rainfall environment. The effectiveness of using different limestone blending methods with acid rock and impervious covers to minimize acid rock drainage (ARD) was assessed. The chemistry, temperature, and oxygen data from the trial dump showed that oxidation occurred throughout the full profile of the dump; however, the oxidation rates at the trial dump were approximately 11% to 58% lower than those calculated for smaller scale experiments. The low-permeability cover that was constructed using the materials available at the Grasberg Mine was not effective in reducing infiltration into the trial dump and had little benefit in reducing the acid generation. Conversely, it was found that limestone blending with a crusher/stacker system was an effective method to mitigate ARD when the geochemical criteria are adequately fulfilled. Excavations were conducted in the test panels at the end of experiment revealing that inclined coarse and fine layers formed the internal structure of the waste rock pile. The presence of this coarse and fine layered structure within the profile tended to increase the potential for preferential flow and thus was found to adversely affect the performance of limestone blending and the limestone cover. In order to develop a fundamental understanding of water flow and geochemical mixing within the layered mine rock, a meso-scale laboratory experiment that contained the inclined coarse and fine layers of acid mine rock and limestone was constructed. The results of the meso-scale experiment demonstrated that the distribution of water flow in the coarse and fine layered pile was dependent on rainfall intensity. Furthermore, the flow path and residence time were found to control effluent quality from the layers. When rainfall intensity was increased, the flow of water was distributed more evenly and vertical flow became the dominant flow mechanism, promoting chemical mixing between the leachate from the different layers. In summary, this study indicates that limestone blending and limestone covers are most effective in mitigating ARD in waste rock in high rainfall environments.
Aflatoxin Content of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) in Relation to Shelling and Storage Practices of Ethiopian Farmers
Creators: name: Eshetu Legesse
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010

description: The threat of aflatoxin contamination in food commodities and its association with health risks

in both animals and humans continues to raise increasing concern over years. In this research, A.

flavus species found in association with peanuts in storage and their potential to produce

aflatoxin in collected samples was determined. About 11 to 87% of collected peanut samples

were infected with various moulds including Rhizopus sp., Fusarium sp., Aspergilus flavus, A.

niger, other Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., and other undefined sp.

Aspergillus flavus is known to be the most patent aflatoxigenic strains infects 80.69 % of the

total samples analyzed. Eighty five percent of the tested isolates of A. flavus were capable for

the production of aflatoxins
The SN 393 -- SNR RX J1713.7-3946 (G347.3-0.5) Connection
Creators: name: Fesen, R.
name: Kremer, R.
name: Patnaude, D.
name: Milisavljevic, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the connection of the Chinese "guest" star of 393 AD with the Galactic supernova remnant RX J1713.7-3946 (G347.3-0.5) made by Wang et al. in 1997 is consistent with the remnant's relatively young properties and the guest star's projected position within the `tail' of the constellation Scorpius, there are difficulties with such an association. The brief Chinese texts concerning the 393 AD guest star make no comment about its apparent brightness stating only that it disappeared after 8 months. However, at the remnant's current estimated 1 - 1.3 kpc distance and A_v ~ 3 mag, its supernova should have been a visually bright object at maximum light (-3.5 to -5.0 mag) and would have remained visible for over a year. The peak brightness ~ 0 magnitude adopted by Wang et al. and others would require the RX J1713.7-3946 supernova to have been a very subluminous supernova event similar to or fainter than CCSNe like SN 2005cs. We also note problems connecting SN 393 with a European record in which the Roman poet Claudian describes a visually brilliant star in the heavens around 393 AD that could be readily seen even in midday. Although several authors have suggested this account may be a reference to the Chinese supernova of 393, Scorpius would not be visible near midday in March when the Chinese first reported the 393 guest star. We review both the Chinese and Roman accounts and calculate probable visual brightnesses for a range of supernova subtypes and conclude that neither the Chinese nor the Roman descriptions are easily reconciled with an expected RX J1713.7-3946 supernova brightness and duration.
description: 7 pages includes 2 tables. Accepted for publication in AJ. Revised text regarding subluminous SNe
Additional file 1 of Understanding demand for, and feasibility of, centre-based child-care for poor urban households: a mixed methods study in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Creators: name: Elsey, H.
name: F. Fieroze
name: R. A. Shawon
name: S. Nasreen
name: J. P. Hicks
name: M. Das
name: R. Huque
name: I. Hirano
name: H. J. Wallace
name: M. Saidur
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Questionnaire design: concepts and respondents. Table S2. Characteristics of the qualitative sample of parents, care-givers, community leaders, centre staff, ECD experts and policy makers. Table S3. Key features of urban childcare centre model following co-design and shaping during 10 months of implementation. Table S4. Child-care centre user group meetings. Table S5. The development of meta-inference across the methods used in all phases of the study.
Pumped shot noise in adiabatically modulated graphene-based double-barrier structures
Creators: name: Zhu, Rui
name: Lai, Maoli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum pumping processes are accompanied by considerable quantum noise. We investigated the pumped shot noise (PSN) properties in adiabatically modulated graphene-based double-barrier structures. General expressions for adiabatically PSN in phase-coherent mesoscopic conductors are derived based on the scattering approach. It is found that comparing with the Poisson processes, the PSN is dramatically enhanced where the dc pumped current changes flow direction, which demonstrates the effect of the Klein paradox.
Microplastics in agroecosystems: A review of effects on soil biota and key soil functions
Creators: name: Shafea, Leila
name: Yap, Julia
name: Beriot, Nicolas
name: Felde, Vincent J. M. N. L.
name: Okoffo, Elvis D.
name: Enyoh, Christian Ebere
name: Peth, Stephan
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: agricultural soils
subject: biodegradation
subject: microplastics
subject: soil biota
subject: soil functions
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::640 | Hauswirtschaft und Familienleben

description: Contamination of soils in agroecosystems with microplastics (MPs) is of increasing concern. The contamination of the environment/farmland soils with MPs (1 µm to 5 mm sized particles) and nanoplastics (NPs; <1 µm sized particles) is causing numerous effects on ecological soil functions and human health. MPs enter the soil via several sources, either from intentional plastic use (e.g., plastic mulch, plastic greenhouses, plastic-coated products) or indirectly from the input of sewage sludge, compost, or irrigation water that is contaminated with plastic. Once in the soil, plastic debris can have various impacts such as changes in soil functions and physicochemical properties and it affects soil organisms due to its toxic behavior. This review paper describes the different effects of plastic waste to understand the consequences for agricultural productivity. Furthermore, we identify knowledge gaps and highlight the required approaches, indicating future research directions on sources, transport, and fate of MPs in soils to improve our understanding of various unspecified abiotic and biotic impacts of MP pollution in agroecosystems.
Additional file 2 of Understanding demand for, and feasibility of, centre-based child-care for poor urban households: a mixed methods study in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Creators: name: Elsey, H.
name: F. Fieroze
name: R. A. Shawon
name: S. Nasreen
name: J. P. Hicks
name: M. Das
name: R. Huque
name: I. Hirano
name: H. J. Wallace
name: M. Saidur
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Anchal Childcare centre demand questionnaire English.
Initial Semantics for Strengthened Signatures
Creators: name: Hirschowitz, André
name: Maggesi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We give a new general definition of arity, yielding the companion notions of signature and associated syntax. This setting is modular in the sense requested by Ghani and Uustalu: merging two extensions of syntax corresponds to building an amalgamated sum. These signatures are too general in the sense that we are not able to prove the existence of an associated syntax in this general context. So we have to select arities and signatures for which there exists the desired initial monad. For this, we follow a track opened by Matthes and Uustalu: we introduce a notion of strengthened arity and prove that the corresponding signatures have initial semantics (i.e. associated syntax). Our strengthened arities admit colimits, which allows the treatment of the λ-calculus with explicit substitution.
description: In Proceedings FICS 2012, arXiv:1202.3174
Automatic Sampling of Geographic objects
Creators: name: Taillandier, Patrick
name: Gaffuri, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Today, one's disposes of large datasets composed of thousands of geographic objects. However, for many processes, which require the appraisal of an expert or much computational time, only a small part of these objects can be taken into account. In this context, robust sampling methods become necessary. In this paper, we propose a sampling method based on clustering techniques. Our method consists in dividing the objects in clusters, then in selecting in each cluster, the most representative objects. A case-study in the context of a process dedicated to knowledge revision for geographic data generalisation is presented. This case-study shows that our method allows to select relevant samples of objects.
Red- and blue-detuned magneto-optical trapping with liquid crystal variable retarders
Creators: name: Piest, B.
name: Vollenkemper, V.
name: Böhm, J.
name: Herbst, A.
name: Rasel, E.M.
Publisher: name: [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : American Institute of Physics
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Liquid crystals
subject: Polarization
subject: Cost-efficient
subject: Detuned
subject: Doppler temperature
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: We exploit red- and blue-detuned magneto-optical trapping (MOT) of 87Rb benefitting from a simplified setup and a novel approach based on liquid crystal variable retarders (LCVR). To maintain the trapping forces when switching from a red- to a blue-detuned MOT, the handedness of the circular polarization of the cooling beams needs to be reversed. LCVRs allow fast polarization control and represent compact, simple, and cost-efficient components, which can easily be implemented in existing laser systems. This way, we achieve a blue-detuned type-II MOT for 8.7 × 108 atoms of 87Rb with sub-Doppler temperatures of 44 μK well below the temperatures reached in a conventional 87Rb type-I MOT. The phase space density is increased by more than two orders of magnitude compared to the standard red-detuned type-I MOT. The setup can readily be transferred to any other systems working with 87Rb.
Raman Spectroscopy of Lithographically Patterned Graphene Nanoribbons
Creators: name: Ryu, Sunmin
name: Maultzsch, Janina
name: Han, Melinda Y.
name: Kim, Philip
name: Brus, Louis E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanometer-scale graphene objects are attracting much research interest because of newly emerging properties originating from quantum confinement effects. We present Raman spectroscopy studies of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) which are known to have nonzero electronic bandgap. GNRs of width ranging from 15 nm to 100 nm have been prepared by e-beam lithographic patterning of mechanically exfoliated graphene followed by oxygen plasma etching. Raman spectra of narrow GNRs can be characterized by upshifted G band and prominent disorder-related D band originating from scattering at ribbon edges. The D-to-G band intensity ratio generally increases with decreasing ribbon width. However, its decrease for width < 25 nm, partly attributed to amorphization at the edges, provides a valuable experimental estimate on D mode relaxation length of <5 nm. The upshift in the G band of the narrowest GNRs can be attributed to confinement effect or chemical doping by functional groups on the GNR edges. Notably, GNRs are much more susceptible to photothermal effects resulting in reversible hole doping caused by atmospheric oxygen than bulk graphene sheets. Finally we show that the 2D band is still a reliable marker in determining the number of layers of GNRs despite its significant broadening for very narrow GNRs.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
Efficacy of hot water treatment for postharvest control of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, in French beans
Creators: name: Mwando, Nelson L.
name: Ndlela, Shepard
name: Subramanian, Sevgan
name: Mohamed, Samira A.
name: Meyhöfer, Rainer
Publisher: name: New York, NY : Wiley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: egg disinfestation
subject: Phaseolus vulgaris
subject: physicochemical parameters
subject: phytosanitary treatment
subject: thripidae
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::660 | Technische Chemie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Background: The western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, is a quarantine pest of French beans that requires phytosanitary treatment to meet quarantine requirements for strict lucrative markets. In this study, the efficacy of hot water treatment against F. occidentalis eggs and its effects on the postharvest physicochemical quality parameters of French beans was evaluated. Results: The immersion time of 8.01 min (95% critical limits CL 7.77–8.24) was predicted by the probit model as the minimum time required to achieve a 99.9968% control level. Confirmatory tests with a large number of F. occidentalis eggs were performed to validate the estimated time to achieve probit-9 control level, and there were no survivors from the 50 103 eggs treated. Likewise, none of the 55 364 eggs exposed to 45 ± 0.2 °C for 7 min (observational time) survived. The effect of the treatment schedule on French beans quality parameters was assessed and there were no differences in weight loss, moisture content, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, and reducing sugars between treated and untreated samples. Conclusion: Our results indicate that hot water treatment (at 45 ± 0.2 °C for a duration of 8.01 min is an effective phytosanitary treatment for the control of Frankliniella occidentalis on French beans, with no significant impact on pods quality. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Discussion of "Objective Priors: An Introduction for Frequentists" by M. Ghosh
Creators: name: Bernardo, José M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Discussion of "Objective Priors: An Introduction for Frequentists" by M. Ghosh [arXiv:1108.2120]
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-STS338A the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Holographic optogenetic stimulation with calcium imaging as an all optical tool for cardiac electrophysiology
Creators: name: Junge, Sebastian
name: Schmieder, Felix
name: Sasse, Philipp
name: Czarske, Jürgen
name: Torres‐Mapa, Maria Leilani
name: Heisterkamp, Alexander
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH-Verl.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: calcium imaging
subject: cardiac electrophysiology
subject: channelrhodopsin
subject: optogenetics
subject: spatial light modulator
subject: wavefront shaping
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: All optical approaches to control and read out the electrical activity in a cardiac syncytium can improve our understanding of cardiac electrophysiology. Here, we demonstrate optogenetic stimulation of cardiomyocytes with high spatial precision using light foci generated with a ferroelectric spatial light modulator. Computer generated holograms binarized by bidirectional error diffusion create multiple foci with more even intensity distribution compared with thresholding approach. We evoke the electrical activity of cardiac HL1 cells expressing the channelrhodopsin-2 variant, ChR2(H134R) using single and multiple light foci and at the same time visualize the action potential using a calcium sensitive indicator called Cal-630. We show that localized regions in the cardiac monolayer can be stimulated enabling us to initiate signal propagation from a precise location. Furthermore, we demonstrate that probing the cardiac cells with multiple light foci enhances the excitability of the cardiac network. This approach opens new applications in manipulating and visualizing the electrical activity in a cardiac syncytium.
Introduction: The Many Perspectives on A Million Pictures
Creators: name: Dellmann, Sarah
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: magic lantern
subject: visual media
subject: educational media
subject: 19th century
subject: 20th century,
subject: 791
subject: Visuelle Medien
subject: Diapositive
subject: Pädagogik
subject: Erziehung
subject: Geschichte

description: Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, Projectnummer 335-54-006
The 15-20 um emission in the reflection nebula NGC2023
Creators: name: Peeters, Els
name: Tielens, Alexander G. G. M.
name: Allamandola, Louis J.
name: Wolfire, Mark G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 15-20 um spectral maps towards the reflection nebula NGC2023 obtained with the Infrared Spectrograph in short-wavelength, high-resolution mode on board the Spitzer Space Telescope. These spectra reveal emission from PAHs, C60, and H2 superposed on a dust continuum. These emission components exhibit distinct spatial distributions: with increasing distance from the illuminating star, we observe the PAH emission followed by the dust continuum emission and the H2 emission. The C60 emission is located closest to the illuminating star in the south while in the north, it seems to be associated with the H/H2 transition. Emission from PAHs and PAH-related species produce features at 15.8, 16.4, 17.4, and 17.8 um and the 15-18 um plateau. These different PAH features show distinct spatial distributions. The 15.8 um band and 15-18 um plateau correlate with the 11.2 um PAH band and with each other, and are attributed to large, neutral PAHs. Conversely, the 16.4 um feature correlates with the 12.7 um PAH band, suggesting that both arise from species that are favored by the same conditions that favor PAH cations. The PAH contribution to the 17.4 um band is displaced towards the illuminating star with respect to the 11.2 and 12.7 um emission and is assigned to doubly ionized PAHs and/or a subset of cationic PAHs. The spatial distribution of the 17.8 um band suggests it arises from both neutral and cationic PAHs. In contrast to their intensities, the profiles of the PAH bands and the 15-18 um plateau do not vary spatially. Consequently, we conclude that the carrier of the 15-18 um plateau is distinct from that of the PAH bands.
description: 34 pages, 8 fig. To appear in ApJ (accepted)
Elektromagnetische Bewertung von permanenterregten Synchronmaschinen auf Basis einer integrierten Werkzeugkette
Creators: name: Dedeleit, Lukas
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Permanenterregte Synchronmaschine
subject: Elektromagnetische Simulation
subject: Maschinenbewertung
subject: Finite Elemente Methode
subject: COMSOL Multiphysics
subject: Fahrzeugantrieb
subject: Elektroantrieb
subject: 600
subject: 620
subject: Finite-Elemente-Methode
subject: Dauermagneterregte Synchronmaschine
subject: Fahrzeugantrieb
subject: Elektroantrieb

description: Zugleich: Dissertation, Universität Kassel, 2021