cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Myrmarachne ramunni Narayan 1915
Creators: name: Benjamin, Suresh P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Salticidae
Myrmarachne
Myrmarachne ramunni

description: Myrmarachne ramunni Narayan, 1915
(Figures 2E, F, 3E, F)   Myrmarachne ramunni Narayan, 1915: 400–402, figure 4a–c.    Identification
Types have not been examined. Narayan (1915) illustrates and describes the unique chelicerae of this species, aiding positive identification.   Material examined
Sri Lanka, Eastern Province, 1 male, Ampara District, Inginiagala, 250 ff, Samudra gardens, 22–23 November 1976, G.F. Havel, R.E. Dietz IV, S. Karunaratne, USNM.   Diagnosis
 Very similar to M. bicurvata, however, males are easily separated by the chelicerae. The distal half of the chelicerae of M. ramunni is wider than the proximal half (Figure 2E). The inner and outer sides of the proximal half are parallel, whereas the distal half has convex outer sides and parallel inner sides. M. bicurvata has parallel inner and outer sides (Figure 2A, C). The RTA of the male palp is broad base and tapered to a point in one corner. In M. bicurvata the RTA is hook-shaped with a constriction at the base (Figure 3B, E).    Description
Male: total length: 6.8; prosoma length: 4.4, width: 1.2. Leg I: femur 1.6, patella 0.6, tibia 1.6, metatarsus 0.8, tarsus 0.4. The cephalic part of the prosoma is elevated and rounded on all sides. The thoracic part is lower than the cephalic, the highest point being the centre (Figure 2E, F). Opisthosoma oval, almost as wide as long, with no clear constriction (Figure 2E, F). Dorsally sclerotized, ventrally softer. Chelicerae are characteristically long and stout, distal half is wider than the proximal half (Figure 2E, F). The distal half is hammer-shaped. The inner and outer sides of the proximal half are parallel, whereas the distal half has convex outer sides and parallel inner sides. Chelicerae dentition not examined. Leg formula 4132. Leg spination not examined. Palps as in Figure 3E, F. Female: remains unknown, but see Dyal (1935) for a description of a female attributed to this species.   Natural history
 Borges et al. (2007) associated the ant Myrmicaria brunnea with this species (spiders identified as Myrmarachne morphospecies 3).    Distribution
India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka.
description: Published as part of Benjamin, Suresh P., 2015, Model mimics: antlike jumping spiders of the genus Myrmarachne from Sri Lanka, pp. 2609-2666 in Journal of Natural History 49 (43) on page 2651, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2015.1034209, http://zenodo.org/record/4000863
Additional file 4 of Complicated hospitalization due to influenza: results from the Global Hospital Influenza Network for the 2017–2018 season
Creators: name: Lina, Bruno
name: Georges, Alexandre
name: Burtseva, Elena
name: Nunes, Marta C.
name: Andrew, Melissa K.
name: McNeil, Shelly A.
name: Ruiz-Palacios, Guillermo M.
name: Luzhao Feng
name: Kyncl, Jan
name: Vanhems, Philippe
name: Ortiz, Justin R.
name: Paget, John
name: Reiner, Robert C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Supplemental Table 4. Characteristics of included patients by age group
Prevalence of viruses in Palestinian honey bee colonies
Creators: name: Alqurneh, Mohammad I.
name: Bauer, Lena
name: Hamdan, Abdul-Jalil S.
name: Nairoukh, Islam I.
name: Kaatz, Hans-Hinrich
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 590

description: Honey bees are critical for agricultural crops pollination. However, many countries have reported high annual colony losses caused by multiple possible factors. Diseases, including those caused by viruses of honey bees, are a significant cause of colony losses. However, nothing is known about the occurrence of viruses of honey bees in Palestinian honey bees. Therefore, eighty colonies from eight apiaries in Bethlehem and Hebron governorates were randomly selected and screened for the presence of 15 viruses of honey bees via quantitative PCR technique. Ten viruses were detected among which the Black Queen Cell virus (BQCV) was the most prevalent (96 % of all colonies) followed by Deformed Wing viruses (DWV) A (77 %) and B (72 %) and a new emerging virus, the Big Sioux River virus (BSRV, 70%). Other viruses (Apis mellifera filamentous virus (AmFV), Lake Sinai virus 1 (LSV-1), Acute Bee Paralysis virus (ABPV), Sacbrood virus (SBV), Israeli Acute Paralysis virus (IAPV), and Chronic Bee Paralysis virus (CBPV) had lower colony prevalences ranging between 9-29 %. The study showed that most of the viruses were present in all apiaries, and multiple virus infections per colony were common in all colonies. Our findings fill a knowledge gap about the prevalence of viruses of honey bees in Palestine, which could assist in protecting the Palestinian beekeeping industry.
Geometry of Gaussian signals
Creators: name: Rosso, Alberto
name: Santachiara, Raoul
name: Krauth, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Gaussian signals, i.e. random functions $u(t)$ ($t/L \in [0,1]$) with independent Gaussian Fourier modes of variance $\sim 1/q^α$, and compute their statistical properties in small windows $[x, x+δ]$. We determine moments of the probability distribution of the mean square width of $u(t)$ in powers of the window size $δ$. We show that the moments, in the small-window limit $δ\ll 1$, become universal, whereas they strongly depend on the boundary conditions of $u(t)$ for larger $δ$. For $α> 3$, the probability distribution is computed in the small-window limit and shown to be independent of $α$.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 5 of Complicated hospitalization due to influenza: results from the Global Hospital Influenza Network for the 2017–2018 season
Creators: name: Lina, Bruno
name: Georges, Alexandre
name: Burtseva, Elena
name: Nunes, Marta C.
name: Andrew, Melissa K.
name: McNeil, Shelly A.
name: Ruiz-Palacios, Guillermo M.
name: Luzhao Feng
name: Kyncl, Jan
name: Vanhems, Philippe
name: Ortiz, Justin R.
name: Paget, John
name: Reiner, Robert C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Supplemental Table 5. Characteristics of influenza-positive patients by site (Argentina, Canada, China, Czech Republic, France, India, and Kenya).
Chapman-Enskog expansion about nonequilibrium states: the sheared granular fluid
Creators: name: Lutsko, James F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chapman-Enskog method of solution of kinetic equations, such as the Boltzmann equation, is based on an expansion in gradients of the deviations fo the hydrodynamic fields from a uniform reference state (e.g., local equilibrium). This paper presents an extension of the method so as to allow for expansions about \emph{arbitrary}, far-from equilibrium reference states. The primary result is a set of hydrodynamic equations for studying variations from the arbitrary reference state which, unlike the usual Navier-Stokes hydrodynamics, does not restrict the reference state in any way. The method is illustrated by application to a sheared granular gas which cannot be studied using the usual Navier-Stokes hydrodynamics.
description: 23 pages, no figures. Submited to PRE Replaced to correct misc. errors Replaced to correct misc. errors, make notation more consistant, extend discussion
Treatment learning : implementation and application
Creators: name: Hu, Ying
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Data mining and machine learning focus on inducing previously unknown, potentially useful, and ultimately understandable information from data. In this master's thesis, we propose a new learning approach called treatment learning. Treatment learning aims at mining a small number of control variables in a large option space that can lead to better system behavior. It addresses two central issues in data mining: (1) the understandability of learnt theories; (2) how can the learnt theories benefit decision making. We design and implement a novel mining algorithm and deliver two treatment learners that are freely downloadable from an online distribution. We describe the implementation details of both learners and compare them through algorithmic performance analysis. We conduct extensive data experiments and case studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of using treatment learner to seek a small number of control variables that constrain the option space to a tight, near-optimal convergence. We compare treatment learning with other learning schemes in the framework of feature subset selection for supervised classification. Our treatment learner selects smaller feature subsets than most other methods with minimal or no loss in classification accuracy. Treatment learner has been successfully applied to various research domains through a collaboration with other researchers. By presenting four examples, we show the general paradigms of using it for decision making.
An Empirical Evaluation of Poverty Mapping Methodology: Explicitly Spatial versus Implicitly Spatial Approach
Creators: name: Olivia, Susan
name: Gibson, John
name: Smith, Aaron D.
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Deng, Xiangzheng
name: Olivia, Susan
name: Gibson, John
name: Smith, Aaron D.
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Deng, Xiangzheng
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: China
subject: Poverty
subject: Small Area Estimation
subject: Survey Methods
subject: Spatial Models

description: Poverty maps provide information on the spatial distribution of welfare and can predict poverty levels for small geographic units like counties and townships. Typically regression methods are used to estimate coefficients from the detailed information in household surveys, which are then applied to the more extensive coverage of a census. One problem with standard regression techniques is that they do not take into account the ‗spatial dependencies‘ that often exist in the data. Ignoring spatial autocorrelation in the regression providing the coefficient estimates could lead to misleading predictions of poverty, and estimates of standard errors. Household survey data usually lack exact measures of location so it is not possible to fully account for this spatial autocorrelation. In this paper, we use data from Shaanxi, China with exact measures of distance between each household to explicitly model this spatial autocorrelation. We also investigate which set of augmenting variables (i) census means or (ii) environmental variables mainly from satellite imagery have the most impact in soaking up unwanted spatial autocorrelation.
Comparison of recoil polarization in the $^{12}{\rm C}(\vec{e},{e}'\vec{p})$ process for protons extracted from $s$ and $p$ shell
Creators: name: Kolar, T.
name: Paul, S.
name: Brecelj, T.
name: Achenbach, P.
name: Böhm, R.
name: Bosnar, D.
name: Cohen, E. O.
name: Distler, M. O.
name: Esser, A.
name: Giusti, C.
name: Hoek, M.
name: Izraeli, D.
name: Kegel, S.
name: Kohl, Y.
name: Korover, I.
name: Lichtenstadt, J.
name: Mardor, I.
name: Merkel, H.
name: Mihovilovič, M.
name: Müller, J.
name: Müller, U.
name: Olivenboim, M.
name: Piasetzky, E.
name: Pochodzalla, J.
name: Schlimme, B. S.
name: Sfienti, C.
name: Širca, S.
name: Spreckels, R.
name: Štajner, S.
name: Thiel, M.
name: Weber, A.
name: Yaron, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first measurements of the double ratio of the polarization transfer components $(P^{\prime}_{\!x} \!/ P^{\prime}_{\!z} )_p/ (P^{\prime}_{\!x} \!/ P^{\prime}_{\!z} )_s$ for knock-out protons from $s$ and $p$ shells in $^{12}{\rm C}$ measured by the $^{12}{\rm C}(\vec{e},{e}'\vec{p}\,)$ reaction in quasi-elastic kinematics. The data are compared to theoretical predictions in relativistic distorted-wave impulse approximation. Our results show that differences between $s$- and $p$-shell protons, observed when compared at the same initial momentum (missing momentum) largely disappear when the comparison is done at the same proton virtuality. We observe no density-dependent medium modifications for protons from $s$ and $p$ shells with the same virtuality in spite of the large differences in the respective nuclear densities.
QCD at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Zielinski, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent measurements of selected QCD processes at the Tevatron are reviewed and confronted with theoretical calculations. Results on inclusive jet production at large transverse momentum are compared to predictions from next-to-leading order perturbative QCD. Kinematic distributions of jets with light and heavy flavor produced in association with electroweak bosons are compared to expectations from leading-order QCD calculations supplemented with parton-shower models. Properties of QCD radiation in hard-scatter events are investigated using azimuthal correlations between two leading jets in multi-jet events, while aspects of softer radiation are examined through properties of energy flow within jets. Finally, characteristics of soft interactions underlying the hard scatter are explored in the context of tuning the parameters of phenomenological models employed in QCD Monte Carlo event generators.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, to appear in Proceedings of the "Physics at LHC" conference (Vienna, July 2004)
Microfluidic templating and initiator-free photocrosslinking of protein-loaded PCL microcapsules
Creators: name: Störmann, Florian Konstantin
name: Roch, Toralf
name: Lendlein, Andreas
name: Wischke, Christian
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Polymer network materials are interesting alternatives to thermoplastic polymers. Here, the preparation of polymer capsules is investigated, which are made from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) networks and are compartmentalized in a crosslinked PCL shell and a core that is suitable to enclose payloads of interest. Aided by microfluidic templating, PCL network capsules with a narrow size distribution (176 ± 5 µm) and thin shells (≈7.5 µm) are formed from 4-arm star-shaped 12 kDa PCL precursors by photoinitiator-free UV light-induced radical polymerization of methacrylate end-groups. FITC-BSA is encapsulated as a model protein. The physicochemical characterization of the capsules indicated a partial crosslinking of methacrylate endgroups into netpoints. Microscopy revealed a fraction of collapsed capsules that are discussed in the context of network stability and mechanical stress created at the capsule interfaces during solvent removal. The incubation of particles with human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells showed good cell compatibility, suggesting their potential use in biosciences and beyond.
Losing the edge – gaining ground
Creators: name: Barker, Louise
name: Barry, James
name: Corns, Anthony
name: Craven, Kieran
name: Cullen, Sean
name: Davies, Sarah
name: Driver, Toby
name: Duller, Geoff
name: Griffiths, Hywel
name: Henry, Sandra
name: Hunt, Daniel
name: Jones, Cerys
name: Lamb, Henry
name: Pollard, Edward
name: Roberts, Helen
name: Robson, Patrick
name: Shaw, Rob
name: Wynne, Hollie
Publisher: name: The Archaeologist
Year: 2021

description: The Archaeologist, No. 108 (2019): The Archaeologist
Additional file 2 of Maternal effects shape the alternative splicing of parental alleles in reciprocal cross hybrids of Megalobrama amblycephala × Culter alburnus
Creators: name: Ren, Li
name: Xiaojing Yan
name: Gao, Xin
name: Jialin Cui
name: Pengcheng Yan
name: Wu, Chang
name: Wuhui Li
name: Shaojun Liu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. The determination of maternal expression of mitochondrial gene in the two reciprocal cross hybrids.
Persistence of amygdala hyperactivity to subliminal negative emotion processing in the long-term course of depression
Creators: name: Klug, Melissa
name: Enneking, Verena
name: Borgers, Tiana
name: Jacobs, Charlotte Marie
name: Dohm, Katharina
name: Kraus, Anna
name: Grotegerd, Dominik
name: Opel, Nils
name: Repple, Jonathan
name: Suslow, Thomas
name: Meinert, Susanne L.
name: Lemke, Hannah
name: Leehr, Elisabeth Johanna
name: Bauer, Jochen
name: Dannlowski, Udo
name: Redlich, Ronny
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Biased emotion processing has been suggested to underlie the etiology and maintenance of depression. Neuroimaging studies have shown mood-congruent alterations in amygdala activity in patients with acute depression, even during early, automatic stages of emotion processing. However, due to a lack of prospective studies over periods longer than 8 weeks, it is unclear whether these neurofunctional abnormalities represent a persistent correlate of depression even in remission. In this prospective case-control study, we aimed to examine brain functional correlates of automatic emotion processing in the long-term course of depression. In a naturalistic design, n = 57 patients with acute major depressive disorder (MDD) and n = 37 healthy controls (HC) were assessed with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at baseline and after 2 years. Patients were divided into two subgroups according to their course of illness during the study period (n = 37 relapse, n = 20 no-relapse). During fMRI, participants underwent an affective priming task that assessed emotion processing of subliminally presented sad and happy compared to neutral face stimuli. A group × time × condition (3 × 2 × 2) ANOVA was performed for the amygdala as region-of-interest (ROI). At baseline, there was a significant group × condition interaction, resulting from amygdala hyperactivity to sad primes in patients with MDD compared to HC, whereas no difference between groups emerged for happy primes. In both patient subgroups, amygdala hyperactivity to sad primes persisted after 2 years, regardless of relapse or remission at follow-up. The results suggest that amygdala hyperactivity during automatic processing of negative stimuli persists during remission and represents a trait rather than a state marker of depression. Enduring neurofunctional abnormalities may reflect a consequence of or a vulnerability to depression.
Modeling the past and future activity of the Halleyids meteor showers
Creators: name: Egal, Auriane
name: Wiegert, Paul
name: Brown, Peter G.
name: Campbell-Brown, Margaret
name: Vida, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new numerical model of the eta-Aquariid and Orionid meteor showers. The model investigates the origin, variability and age of the eta-Aquariid and Orionid apparitions from 1985 to the present day, in order to forecast their activity over the next several decades. Through the numerical integration of millions of simulated meteoroids and a custom-made particle weighting scheme, we model the characteristics of every eta-Aquariid and Orionid apparition between 1985 and 2050. The modeled showers are calibrated using 35 years of meteor observations including the showers activity profiles and interannual variability. Our model reproduces the general characteristics of the present-day eta-Aquariids, and part of the Orionid activity. Simulations suggest that the age of the eta-Aquariids somewhat exceeds 5000 years, while a greater fraction of the Orionids are composed of older material. The 1:6 mean-motion resonance with Jupiter plays a major role in generating some (but not all) Halleyid stream outbursts. We find consistent evidence for a periodicity of 11.8 years in both the observations and modeled maximum meteor rates for the Orionids. A weaker evidence of a 10.7 year period in the peak activity for the eta-Aquariids needs to be investigated with future meteor observations. The extension of our model to future years predicts no significant Orionid outburst through 2050 and four significant eta-Aquariid outbursts in 2023, 2024, 2045 and 2046.
description: This paper has been accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics on August 1, 2020
The Structural Estimation of Principal-Agent Models by Least Squares: Evidence from Land Tenancy in Madagascar
Creators: name: Brown, Zachary S.
name: Bellemare, Marc F.
name: Brown, Zachary S.
name: Bellemare, Marc F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Principal-Agent Models
subject: Contract Theory
subject: Structural Estimations

description: We develop a method to structurally estimate principal-agent models by ordinary least squares (OLS). We set up a general principal-agent model which explicitly incorporates the wealth levels of each party and the opportunity cost to the agent of entering the contract. This yields an optimal contract that is linearized by way of an Nth order Taylor approximation. This in turn imposes N(3N-1)/2 restrictions on the parameters and yields an empirical test of the canonical principal-agent model. In the application, we consider the case where N = 2 and apply our method to a sample of land tenancy contracts in rural Madagascar. Empirical tests lead to consistent failure to reject the hypotheses derived from our structural model, which lends support to our structural method as well as to the canonical principal-agent model.
High-resolution, 3D radiative transfer modelling III. The DustPedia barred galaxies
Creators: name: Nersesian, Angelos
name: Verstocken, Sam
name: Viaene, Sebastien
name: Baes, Maarten
name: Xilouris, Emmanuel M.
name: Bianchi, Simone
name: Casasola, Viviana
name: Clark, Christopher J. R.
name: Davies, Jonathan I.
name: De Looze, Ilse
name: De Vis, Pieter
name: Dobbels, Wouter
name: Fritz, Jacopo
name: Galametz, Maud
name: Galliano, Frederic
name: Jones, Anthony P.
name: Madden, Suzanne C.
name: Mosenkov, Aleksandr V.
name: Trcka, Ana
name: Ysard, Nathalie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Dust in late-type galaxies in the local Universe is responsible for absorbing approximately one third of the energy emitted by stars. It is often assumed that dust heating is mainly attributable to the absorption of UV and optical photons emitted by the youngest (<= 100 Myr) stars. Consequently, thermal re-emission by dust at FIR wavelengths is often linked to the star-formation activity of a galaxy. However, several studies argue that the contribution to dust heating by much older stars might be more significant. Advances in radiation transfer (RT) simulations finally allow us to actually quantify the heating mechanisms of diffuse dust by the stellar radiation field. Aims: As one of the main goals in the DustPedia project, we have constructed detailed 3D stellar and dust RT models for nearby galaxies. We analyse the contribution of the different stellar populations to the dust heating in four face-on barred galaxies: NGC1365, M83, M95, and M100. We aim to quantify the fraction directly related to young stars, both globally and on local scales, and to assess the influence of the bar on the heating fraction. Results: We derive global attenuation laws for each galaxy and confirm that galaxies of high sSFR have shallower attenuation curves and weaker UV bumps. On average, 36.5% of the bolometric luminosity is absorbed by dust. We report a clear effect of the bar structure on the radial profiles of the dust-heating fraction by the young stars, and the dust temperature. We find that the young stars are the main contributors to the dust heating, donating, on average ~59% of their luminosity to this purpose throughout the galaxy. This dust-heating fraction drops to ~53% in the bar region and ~38% in the bulge region where the old stars are the dominant contributors to the dust heating. We also find a strong link between the heating fraction by the young stars and the sSFR.
Additional file 1 of Maternal effects shape the alternative splicing of parental alleles in reciprocal cross hybrids of Megalobrama amblycephala × Culter alburnus
Creators: name: Ren, Li
name: Xiaojing Yan
name: Gao, Xin
name: Jialin Cui
name: Pengcheng Yan
name: Wu, Chang
name: Wuhui Li
name: Shaojun Liu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The summary of 45S rDNA in the two reciprocal cross hybrids.
A Spatial Analysis of Conservation Reserve Program Participants: The Impact of Absenteeism on Participation Decisions
Creators: name: Brady, Michael P.
name: Nickerson, Cynthia J.
name: Brady, Michael P.
name: Nickerson, Cynthia J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Given that approximately half of all U.S. farmland is leased, absentee (non-operator) landowners have a significant role in agriculture. Because decisions about how to use farmland can be affected by ownership status, tenure can have far reaching implications for the production of food and fiber, as well as the extent to which environmentally sensitive farmland is cropped or is put into a conservation use. In order to better understand whether conservation participation decisions, and potential responses to factors such as commodity prices, may vary by tenure status, we exploit a unique dataset that identifies where participants associated with Conservation Reserve Program contracts live relative to the land enrolled. These data provide improved spatial information on tenure status relative to previous sources. This study seeks to improve our understanding of the extent and characteristics of absentee landowners in CRP. These findings can help improve policy by recognizing how the heterogeneity across landowners may lead participants to respond differently to changes in market or policy incentives.
Transversity and dihadron fragmentation functions
Creators: name: Bacchetta, Alessandro
name: Radici, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of the quark transversity distribution requires another soft object sensitive to the quark's transverse spin. Dihadron fragmentation functions represent a convenient tool to analyze partonic spin, which can influence the angular distribution of the two hadrons. In particular, the so-called interference fragmentation functions can be used to probe transversity both in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering as well as proton-proton collisions. We discuss two single-spin asymmetries sensitive to transversity in the these two processes, at leading twist and leading order in alpha_S.
description: 4 pages, to appear in proceedings of SPIN2004, Trieste, 10-16 Oct 2004
Cosmic Variance of the 21-cm Global Signal
Creators: name: Muñoz, Julian B.
name: Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological measurements of the 21-cm line of neutral hydrogen are poised to dramatically enhance our understanding of the early universe. In particular, both the epochs of reionization and cosmic dawn remain largely uncharted, and the 21-cm signal is one of the few probes to reach them. The simplest 21-cm measurement is the global signal (GS), which corresponds to the averaged absorption or emission of 21-cm photons across the entire sky. While bright radio foregrounds swamp the cosmic signal over the entire frequency range observable, presenting a formidable hurdle, they can in principle be subtracted, given enough sensitivity. Here, however, we point out an additional---and irreducible---source of uncertainty for the 21-cm GS: cosmic variance. The cosmic-variance noise arises from the finite volume of the universe accessible to 21-cm experiments. Due to the cosmological redshifting of 21-cm photons, each observed frequency probes our universe during a particular cosmic age, corresponding to a narrow redshift slice. The presence of large 21-cm fluctuations makes the GS within each slice different than the GS averaged over the entire universe. We estimate the size of this cosmic-variance noise, and find that for a standard scenario it has a size of $\sim 0.1$ mK, which is $\sim 10\%$ of the size of the expected instrumental noise of a year-long experiment. Interestingly, cosmic variance can overtake instrumental noise for scenarios with extreme 21-cm fluctuations, such as those suggested to explain the sharpness of the claimed EDGES detection. Moreover, as large-scale 21-cm fluctuations are coherent over long distances, cosmic variance correlates the measurements of the GS at nearby redshifts, leading to off-diagonal uncertainties that have so far been neglected.
description: 5+9 pages, 3+5 figures
System Outage Probability of PS-SWIPT Enabled Two-Way AF Relaying with Hardware Impairments
Creators: name: Liu, Zhipeng
name: Lu, Guangyue
name: Ye, Yinghui
name: Chu, Xiaoli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the system outage probability of a simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) based two-way amplify-and-forward (AF) relay network considering transceiver hardware impairments (HIs), where the energy-constrained relay node processes the received signals based on a power splitting protocol and the two terminals employ a selection combining (SC) scheme to exploit the signals from the direct and relaying links. Assuming independent but non-identically distributed Nakagami-m fading channels, we derive the system outage probability in a closed-form, which enables us to identify two crucial ceiling effects on the system outage probability caused by HIs in the high data rate regions, i.e., relay cooperation ceiling (RCC) and overall system ceiling (OSC). Specifically, the RCC prevents the relaying link from participating in cooperative communications, while the OSC leaves the overall system in outage. Furthermore, we derive the achievable diversity gain of the considered network, which shows that the diversity gain equals either the shape parameter of the direct link or zero. Computer simulations are provided to validate the correctness of our analytical results, and study the effects of various system parameters on the system outage performance and the optimal power splitting ratio, as well as the energy efficiency.
description: This paper has been submitted for potential journal publication
A State Dependent Regime Switching Model of Dynamic Correlations
Creators: name: Tejeda, Hernan A.
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Pelletier, Denis
name: Tejeda, Hernan A.
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Pelletier, Denis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: dynamic correlations
subject: regime switching
subject: state dependent probabilities
subject: thresholds
subject: spillovers

description: We extend the Regime Switching for Dynamic Correlations (RSDC) model by Pelletier (Journal of Econometrics, 2006), to determine the effect of underlying fundamental variables in the evolution of the dynamic correlations between multiple time series. By introducing state dependent transition probabilities to the switching process between different regimes - governed by a Markov chain, we are able to identify potential thresholds and spillover effects in the dynamic process. In addition, asymmetric correlations between the series are determined. We simulate data for multiple series and find an initial better fit of state dependent transition probabilities, versus constant transition probabilities, for the regime switching model. Capturing more precisely the dynamic interrelationships between multiple series or markets conveys many benefits including - potential efficiency gains from related operations, determining the effects of shocks from related variables, as well as improvement in hedging operations.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 07/29/09.
Ethanol and Meat in the U.S.: A Multi-Market Analysis
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Suparna
name: Azzam, Azzeddine M.
name: Mark, Darrell R.
name: Bhattacharya, Suparna
name: Azzam, Azzeddine M.
name: Mark, Darrell R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Demand and price analysis
subject: Ethanol
subject: U.S. livestock sectors

description: Since corn is the primary feedstock used for producing ethanol in the U.S., and ethanol production yields byproducts that can be fed to livestock in combination with corn, addressing the effect of ethanol production on meat markets should consider not only demand and supply interdependence between corn, ethanol, and ethanol byproducts; but also demand and supply interdependence between different types of meats. This paper develops a multi-market equilibrium displacement model to account for the interdependence. Six markets are considered: beef, pork, poultry, corn, ethanol, and ethanol byproducts. Results show that poultry is the most sensitive to ethanol production, followed by beef and pork.
Di-electron Widths of the Upsilon(1S,2S,3S) Resonances
Creators: name: CLEO Collaboration
name: Rosner, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the di-electron widths of the Upsilon(1S), Upsilon(2S), and Upsilon(3S) resonances with better than 2% precision by integrating the cross-section of e+e- -> Upsilon over the e+e- center-of-mass energy. Using e+e- energy scans of the Upsilon resonances at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring and measuring Upsilon production with the CLEO detector, we find di-electron widths of 1.354 +- 0.004 (stat) +- 0.020 (syst) keV, 0.619 +- 0.004 +- 0.010 keV, and 0.446 +- 0.004 +- 0.007 keV for the Upsilon(1S), Upsilon(2S), and Upsilon(3S), respectively.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, also available through http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS/2005/, published in PRL; corrected numerical values in abstract
Additional file 2 of Complicated hospitalization due to influenza: results from the Global Hospital Influenza Network for the 2017–2018 season
Creators: name: Lina, Bruno
name: Georges, Alexandre
name: Burtseva, Elena
name: Nunes, Marta C.
name: Andrew, Melissa K.
name: McNeil, Shelly A.
name: Ruiz-Palacios, Guillermo M.
name: Luzhao Feng
name: Kyncl, Jan
name: Vanhems, Philippe
name: Ortiz, Justin R.
name: Paget, John
name: Reiner, Robert C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Supplemental Table 2. Admission diagnoses possibly associated with an influenza infection in patients
Very large thermal rectification in ferromagnetic insulator-based superconducting tunnel junctions
Creators: name: Giazotto, F.
name: Bergeret, F. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate electronic thermal rectification in ferromagnetic insulator-based superconducting tunnel junctions. Ferromagnetic insulators coupled to superconductors are known to induce sizable spin splitting in the superconducting density of states, and also lead to efficient spin filtering if operated as tunnel barriers. The combination of spin splitting and spin filtering is shown to yield a substantial self-amplification of the electronic heat diode effect due to breaking of the electron-hole symmetry in the system which is added to the thermal asymmetry of the junction. Large spin splitting and large spin polarization can potentially lead to thermal rectification efficiency exceeding 5 .10^4 for realistic parameters in a suitable temperature range, thereby outperforming up to a factor of 250 the heat diode effect achievable with conventional superconducting tunnel junctions. These results could be relevant for improved mastering of the heat currents in innovative phase-coherent caloritronic nanodevices, and for enhanced thermal management of quantum circuits at the nanoscale.
description: 5 pages; 4 figures
Spacetime Reduction of Large N Flavor Models: A Fundamental Theory of Emergent Local Geometry?
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, Shyamoli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a novel spacetime reduction procedure for the fields of a supergravity-Yang-Mills theory in generic curved spacetime background, and with large N flavor group, to linearized forms on an infinitesimal patch of local tangent space at a point in the spacetime manifold. Our new prescription for spacetime reduction preserves all of the local symmetries of the continuum field theory Lagrangian in the resulting zero-dimensional matrix Lagrangian, thereby obviating difficulties encountered in previous matrix proposals for emergent spacetime in recovering the full nonlinear symmetries of Einstein gravity. We conjecture that the zero-dimensional matrix model obtained by this prescription for spacetime reduction of the circle-compactified type I-I'-mIIA-IIB-heterotic supergravity-Yang-Mills theory with sixteen supercharges and large N flavor group, and inclusive of the full spectrum of Dpbrane charges, offers a potentially complete framework for nonperturbative string/M theory. We explain the relationship of our conjecture for a fundamental theory of emergent local spacetime geometry to recent investigations of the hidden symmetry algebra of M theory, stressing insights that are to be gained from the algebraic perspective. We conclude with a list of open questions and directions for future work.
description: 30pgs. v6: Ref [4] added, some terminology corrected in Intro, sections 5,6. Footnote 2 clarifies the relation to hep-th/0201129v1. Acknowledgments added
Snow-lines can be thermally unstable
Creators: name: Owen, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Volatile species in protoplanetary discs can undergo a phase change from vapour to solid. These "snow-lines" can play vital roles in planet formation at all scales, from dust coagulation to planetary migration. In the outer regions of protoplanetary discs, the temperature profile is set by the absorption of reprocessed stellar light by the solids. Further, the temperature profile sets the distribution of solids through sublimation and condensation at various snow-lines. Hence the snow-line position depends on the temperature profile and vice-versa. We show that this coupling can be thermally unstable, such that a patch of the disc at a snow-line will produce either run-away sublimation or condensation. This thermal instability arises at moderate optical depths, where heating by absorption of reprocessed stellar light from the disc's atmosphere is optically thick, yet cooling is optically thin. Since volatiles in the solid phase drift much faster than volatiles in the vapour phase, this thermal instability results in a limit-cycle. The snow-line progressively moves in, condensing volatiles, before receding, as the volatiles sublimate. Using numerical simulations, we study the evolution of the CO snow-line. We find the CO snow-line is thermally unstable under typical disc conditions and evolves inwards from $\sim50$ to $\sim30$~AU on timescales from 1,000-10,000 years. The CO snow-line spends between $\sim 10\%-50\%$ of its time at smaller separations, where the exact value is sensitive to the total opacity and turbulent viscosity. The evolving snow-line also creates ring-like structures in the solid distribution interior to the snow-line. Multiple ring-like structures created by moving snow-lines could potentially explain the sub-structures seen in many {\it ALMA} images.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Complicated hospitalization due to influenza: results from the Global Hospital Influenza Network for the 2017–2018 season
Creators: name: Lina, Bruno
name: Georges, Alexandre
name: Burtseva, Elena
name: Nunes, Marta C.
name: Andrew, Melissa K.
name: McNeil, Shelly A.
name: Ruiz-Palacios, Guillermo M.
name: Luzhao Feng
name: Kyncl, Jan
name: Vanhems, Philippe
name: Ortiz, Justin R.
name: Paget, John
name: Reiner, Robert C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Admission diagnoses possibly associated with an influenza infection in patients ≥5 years of age.
The S=1/2 chain in a staggered field: High-energy bound-spinon state and the effects of a discrete lattice
Creators: name: Kenzelmann, M.
name: Batista, C. D.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Broholm, C.
name: Reich, D. H.
name: Park, S.
name: Qiu, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an experimental and theoretical study of the antiferromagnetic S=1/2 chain subject to uniform and staggered fields. Using inelastic neutron scattering, we observe a novel bound-spinon state at high energies in the linear chain compound CuCl2 * 2((CD3)2SO). The excitation is explained with a mean-field theory of interacting S=1/2 fermions and arises from the opening of a gap at the Fermi surface due to confining spinon interactions. The mean-field model also describes the wave-vector dependence of the bound-spinon states, particularly in regions where effects of the discrete lattice are important. We calculate the dynamic structure factor using exact diagonalization of finite length chains, obtaining excellent agreement with the experiments.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. B
The chiral structure of the Lamb shift and the definition of the proton radius
Creators: name: Pineda, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard definition of the electromagnetic radius of a charged particle (in particular the proton) is ambiguous once electromagnetic corrections are considered. We argue that a natural definition can be given within an effective field theory framework in terms of a matching coefficient. The definition of the neutron radius is also discussed. We elaborate on the effective field theory relevant for the hydrogen and muonic hydrogen, specially for the latter. We compute the hadronic corrections to the lamb shift (for the polarizability effects only with logarithmic accuracy) within heavy baryon effective theory. We find that they diverge in the inverse of the pion mass in the chiral limit.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 3 of Complicated hospitalization due to influenza: results from the Global Hospital Influenza Network for the 2017–2018 season
Creators: name: Lina, Bruno
name: Georges, Alexandre
name: Burtseva, Elena
name: Nunes, Marta C.
name: Andrew, Melissa K.
name: McNeil, Shelly A.
name: Ruiz-Palacios, Guillermo M.
name: Luzhao Feng
name: Kyncl, Jan
name: Vanhems, Philippe
name: Ortiz, Justin R.
name: Paget, John
name: Reiner, Robert C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Supplemental Table 3. Sample collection.
Myrmarachne nemorensis
Creators: name: Benjamin, Suresh P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Salticidae
Myrmarachne
Myrmarachne nemorensis

description: Myrmarachne nemorensis (Peckham and Peckham, 1892)
(Figure 39A, B)
 Holotype of Salticus nemorensis from Burma (Myanmar, MCZ 22264). The holotype is illustrated here (Figure 39A, B).
description: Published as part of Benjamin, Suresh P., 2015, Model mimics: antlike jumping spiders of the genus Myrmarachne from Sri Lanka, pp. 2609-2666 in Journal of Natural History 49 (43) on page 2660, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2015.1034209, http://zenodo.org/record/4000863
Economic costs and payoffs of bilateral/regional trade agreements
Creators: name: Vollrath, Thomas L.
name: Hallahan, Charles B.
name: Vollrath, Thomas L.
name: Hallahan, Charles B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: trade policy
subject: bilateral, regional, missing trade
subject: gravity models
subject: reciprocal trade agreements

description: The rapid increase in the number of bilateral and regional free-trade agreements since 1995 is a striking development. The proliferation of these agreements has raised questions among academicians and policymakers about whether they have, in fact, opened markets, created trade, promoted economic growth, and/or distorted trade. This study uses panel data from the 1975-2005 period and the gravity framework to identify the influence of bilateral/regional free-trade agreements on bilateral trade in merchandise, agriculture, and clothing sectors. A benchmark, Heckman sample-selection, and two generalized models, one of which accounts for reciprocal-free-trade-agreement phase-in effects, are used to gauge the impact on partner trade of mutual as well as asymmetric RTA membership.