cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Controlled Quantum Dense Coding in a Four-particle Non-maximally Entangled State via Local Measurements
Creators: name: Fu, Chang-Bao
name: Xia, Yan
name: Liu, Bo-Xue
name: Zhang, Shou
name: Yeon, Kyu-Hwang
name: Um, Chung-In
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A controlled quantum dense coding scheme is investigated with a four-particle non-maximal quantum channel. The amount of classical information is shown to be capable of being controlled by the controllers through adjustments of the local measurement angles and to depend on the coefficients of the quantum channel; in addition, the four particles are distributed in two inverse ways in such an quantum channel. A restricted condition for distributing the particles to realize quantum dense coding in an arbitrary ($N+2$)-particle quantum channel is proposed.
USING PRIVATE RISK MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS TO MANAGE COUNTER-CYCLICAL PAYMENT RISKS UNDER THE NEW FARM BILL
Creators: name: Anderson, John D.
name: Coble, Keith H.
name: Miller, J. Corey
name: Anderson, John D.
name: Coble, Keith H.
name: Miller, J. Corey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Risk and Uncertainty

description: This research evaluates whether or not hedging strategies using call options on the New York Board of Trade cotton futures can be effectively used to protect the new counter-cyclical payment on cotton. Results indicate that some level of counter-cyclical payment hedging is optimal for risk averse decision makers. Optimal hedge ratios depend on planting time expectations of the marketing year average price as well as on what crop, if any, has been planted on the base acres receiving the counter-cyclical payment.
Quantum Superposition Inspired Spiking Neural Network
Creators: name: Sun, Yinqian
name: Zeng, Yi
name: Zhang, Tielin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite advances in artificial intelligence models, neural networks still cannot achieve human performance, partly due to differences in how information is encoded and processed compared to human brain. Information in an artificial neural network (ANN) is represented using a statistical method and processed as a fitting function, enabling handling of structural patterns in image, text, and speech processing. However, substantial changes to the statistical characteristics of the data, for example, reversing the background of an image, dramatically reduce the performance. Here, we propose a quantum superposition spiking neural network (QS-SNN) inspired by quantum mechanisms and phenomena in the brain, which can handle reversal of image background color. The QS-SNN incorporates quantum theory with brain-inspired spiking neural network models from a computational perspective, resulting in more robust performance compared with traditional ANN models, especially when processing noisy inputs. The results presented here will inform future efforts to develop brain-inspired artificial intelligence.
INFORMATION CASCADES WITH FINANCIAL MARKET PROFESSIONALS: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Creators: name: Alevy, Jonathan E.
name: Haigh, Michael S.
name: List, John A.
name: Alevy, Jonathan E.
name: Haigh, Michael S.
name: List, John A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In settings where there is imperfect information about an underlying state of nature, but where inferences are made sequentially and are publicly observable, information cascades can lead to rational herding. Cascade phenomena may be seen in a variety of areas including technology adoption, financial market behavior, as well as in social processes such as mate selection or fads and fashions. Theories of rational herding have found a natural testing ground in experimental environments since the character of private and public information can be readily controlled. In previous experimental studies, behavior consistent with Bayesian benchmarks has been observed in simple contexts, but there are substantial reductions in experimental environments that introduce relevant complications such as costly information. In this paper we make use of a unique subject pool, that of financial market professionals from the floor of the Chicago Board of Trade, to investigate the role of market experience on herding behavior. We find that market professionals behave differently than a control group of college student subjects. In particular the Bayesian behavior of those with market experience does not differ significantly across the gain and loss domains. Cascade formation also differs across the subject pools with market professionals entering fewer reverse cascades.
INSECT POPULATION DYNAMICS, PESTICIDE USE AND FARMWORKER HEALTH REVISITED: PESTICIDE CHOICE AND RISK MITIGATION
Creators: name: Wyatt, T.J.
name: Wyatt, T.J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: pesticide choice
subject: human health risks
subject: environmental risks
subject: endosulfan
subject: lettuce

description: Several policies to reduce worker exposure, dietary and environmental risks are examined in the context of pesticide choice driven by insect population dynamics. Restricted entry policies and taxes have differing impacts for individual and aggregate risks. Limits on application rates have the most consistent impacts on risk.
Controlled Secure Direct Communication by Using GHZ Entangled State
Creators: name: Xia, Yan
name: Fu, Chang-Bao
name: Li, Feng-Yue
name: Zhang, Shou
name: Yeon, Kyu-Hwang
name: Um, Chung-In
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a controlled secure direct communication protocol by using Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entangled state via swapping quantum entanglement and local unitary operations. Since messages transferred only by using local operations and a public channel after entangled states are successfully distributed, this protocol can protect the communication against a destroying-travel-qubit-type attack. This scheme can also be generalized to a multi-party control system.
THE USE OF CHOICE EXPERIMENTS TO ANALYZE CONSUMER PREFERENCES FOR ORGANIC PRODUCE IN COSTA RICA
Creators: name: Hearne, Robert R.
name: Volcan, Mirel
name: Hearne, Robert R.
name: Volcan, Mirel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: Choice Experiments are used to elicit Costa Rican consumer preferences for different attributes of organic and conventional vegetables in a hypothetical market. Focus groups identified a primary concern with the food safety and a secondary interest on the environmental impact of production practices. Two alternative national certification seals were proposed: 1) a "Blue Seal" certifying the Department of Public Health's approval for food safety; and 2) a "Green Seal" certifying Ministry of Agriculture's approval for environmentally sound production practices. Three other attributes were selected: "Appearance", "Size", and "Price". These attributes, together with the proposed labels, were presented in different combinations to a sample of 432 Costa Rican consumers at ten supermarkets located in the urban Central Valley. The results of the multinomial logit model demonstrate that the attributes "Appearance" and "Price" the have the strongest influence over the probability choosing alternative scenarios. Also, there was a significant preference for the "Blue Seal" and the "Blue Seal" and "Green Seal" combined. The socioeconomic variables turned out to be not significant in consumer choice. The results show a MWTP of 20% for the "Blue Seal" certifying healthy produce, and an additional 19% for the "Green Seal". The favorable acceptance of the certification seals on the part of the Costa Rican consumer can imply a large internal market for organic and ecologically healthy produce.
Myths in advice : regulating women’s desire in Mademoiselle
Creators: name: Ulrich, Jessica
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: For centuries, prescriptive discourses have circulated in western culture; these are often based upon gendered ideals, and many devoted to audiences of women. Since the 1700s, advice has been included in women's magazines. Currently, women's magazines, and numerous other sites in popular culture, dispense advice on sex and relationships. As a provocative form of pubic discourse, the meanings underlying sex and relationship advice are of interest as these contribute to the social construction of gender and hetero/sexuality. In this thesis, the question and answer advice pages on love, sex, and men in one popular woman's magazine, Mademoiselle, are under investigation. Attention is paid to the advice columnists' gender to gain an understanding of the gendered nature of advice. Using content analysis and semiotics, Mademoiselle's advice pages are examined, thereby contributing to the documentation of one magazine's set of meanings. Content analysis is used to thematically code values, behaviours, attitudes. Semiotics is used to expose norms, and reveal these as myth. Heterosexuality and gender are revealed as complex and contradictory constructions. However, a dominant mythical code resonates in the manifest and latent findings which reveal that advice codes sex as male, and relationships as female. In this manner, men are designated as libidinous, and women are constructed as relationship experts. Care and understanding of relationships and men's (sexual) needs are assumed to be part of the practices of femininity. In the main, the advice re/creates a gender dichotomy, founded upon hetereosexist assumptions. Myth obscures the social forces which contribute to shaping of hetero/sexuality and gender, to signify these concepts as natural, normal, and desirable. Within the contradictory moments, breaks from dominant sex and gender norms are offered. Although female eroticism and desire is at times recognized, advice frequently overlooks women's sexual pleasure, and often places women's desire in response to men's. To this end, women are discursively organized in relation to men, thereby subordinating women's sexuality, and reinforcing male heterosexual domination. Gender and heterosexuality are placed within feminist politics, whereby the eradication of women's oppression includes placing women's erotic possibilities within feminist politics.
SLIPPAGE IN FORECASTING IRRIGATION WATER DEMAND: AN APPLICATION TO THE GEORGIA FLINT RIVER BASIN
Creators: name: Tareen, Irfan Y.
name: Gunter, Lewell F.
name: Bramblett, Jimmy
name: Wetzstein, Michael E.
name: Tareen, Irfan Y.
name: Gunter, Lewell F.
name: Bramblett, Jimmy
name: Wetzstein, Michael E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This study identifies the presence of slippage and the pitfalls associated with not considering economic substitution and expansion effects in measuring changes in water demand. Based on estimates from the Georgia Flint River Basin, the analysis indicates a 13% slippage caused by disregarding the role of economic determinants.
Entropy flow in near-critical quantum circuits
Creators: name: Friedan, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Near-critical quantum circuits are ideal physical systems for asymptotically large-scale quantum computers, because their low energy collective excitations evolve reversibly, effectively isolated from the environment. The design of reversible computers is constrained by the laws governing entropy flow within the computer. In near-critical quantum circuits, entropy flows as a locally conserved quantum current, obeying circuit laws analogous to the electric circuit laws. The quantum entropy current is just the energy current divided by the temperature. A quantum circuit made from a near-critical system (of conventional type) is described by a relativistic 1+1 dimensional relativistic quantum field theory on the circuit. The universal properties of the energy-momentum tensor constrain the entropy flow characteristics of the circuit components: the entropic conductivity of the quantum wires and the entropic admittance of the quantum circuit junctions. For example, near-critical quantum wires are always resistanceless inductors for entropy. A universal formula is derived for the entropic conductivity: σ_S(ω)=iv^{2}S/ωT, where ωis the frequency, T the temperature, S the equilibrium entropy density and v the velocity of `light'. The thermal conductivity is Real(Tσ_S(ω))=πv^{2}Sδ(ω). The thermal Drude weight is, universally, v^{2}S. This gives a way to measure the entropy density directly.
description: 2005 paper published 2017 in Kadanoff memorial issue of J Stat Phys with revisions for clarity following referee's suggestions, arguments and results unchanged, cross-posting now to quant-ph, 27 pages
Excitation of gravitational wave modes by a center-of-mass velocity of the source
Creators: name: Torres-Orjuela, Alejandro
name: Chen, Xian
name: Seoane, Pau Amaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most gravitational wave (GW) sources are moving relative to us. This motion is often closely related to the environment of the source and can thus provide crucial information about the formation of the source and its host. Recently, LIGO and Virgo detected for the first time the subdominant modes of GWs. We show that a motion of the center-of-mass of the source can affect these modes, where the effect is proportional to the velocity of the source. The effect on the GW modes in turn affects the overall frequency of the GW, thus leading to a phase shift. We study the impact of this effect on LIGO/Virgo detections and show that it is detectable for sources with high mass ratios and inclinations. This effect breaks the degeneracy between mass and Doppler shift in GW observations, and opens a new possibility of detecting the motion of a GW source even for constant velocities.
description: Accepted for publicatiion, PRD
Modular inflation and the orthogonal axion as curvaton
Creators: name: Dimopoulos, K.
name: Lazarides, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a particular supersymmetric realization of the Peccei-Quinn symmetry which provides a suitable candidate for the curvaton field. The class of models considered also solves the mu problem, while generating the Peccei-Quinn scale dynamically. The curvaton candidate is a pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson corresponding to an angular degree of freedom orthogonal to the axion field. Its order parameter increases substantially following a phase transition during inflation. This results in a drastic amplification of the curvaton perturbations. Consequently, the mechanism is able to accommodate low-scale inflation with Hubble parameter at the TeV scale. Hence, we investigate modular inflation using a string axion field as the inflaton with inflation scale determined by gravity mediated soft supersymmetry breaking. We find that modular inflation with the orthogonal axion as curvaton can indeed account for the observations for natural values of the parameters.
description: 24 pages including 2 figures, uses Revtex
La eficiencia energética de procesos de co-gasificación: Metodología para su cálculo.
Creators: name: Valdes, Carlos
name: Velez, Fredy
name: Genes, Eder
name: Chejne, Farid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 400402
subject: Chemical and thermal processes in energy and combustion
classificationCode: 400403
subject: Chemical engineering design

description: Se plantea una metodología para el cálculo de la eficiencia energética de un proceso de co-gasificación carbón–biomasa, a partir de las concentraciones de los gases y algunas hipótesis en cuanto a las reacciones fundamentales de la gasificación, y a manera de ejemplo, se muestran los resultados obtenidos aplicando datos experimentales.
Direct observation of large temperature fluctuations during DNA thermal denaturation
Creators: name: Nagapriya, K. S.
name: Raychaudhuri, A. K.
name: Chatterji, Dipankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we report direct measurement of large low frequency temperature fluctuations in double stranded (ds) DNA when it undergoes thermal denaturation transition. The fluctuation, which occurs only in the temperature range where the denaturation occurs, is several orders more than the expected equilibrium fluctuation. It is absent in single stranded (ss) DNA of the same sequence. The fluctuation at a given temperature also depends on the wait time and vanishes in a scale of few hours. It is suggested that the large fluctuation occurs due to coexisting denaturated and closed base pairs that are in dynamic equilibrium due to transition through a potential barrier in the scale of 25-30k_{B}T_{0}(T_{0}=300K).
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, Replaced with revised version
A Collection of Classical Defenses
Creators: name: Xu, Cong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: robust
adversarial

description: Adversarial training needs a heavy computational overhead as we known. I prepare these for reduplicative experments latter, and wish it could also help you in a way. Every compressed files named as the applied structure and includes three main branches: STD, AT and TRADES. The codes are available at MTandHJ/rfk: a simpe FrameworK for Robustness (github.com).
Real-time Earthquake Early Warning with Deep Learning: Application to the 2016 Central Apennines, Italy Earthquake Sequence
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiong
name: Zhang, Miao
name: Tian, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Earthquake early warning systems are required to report earthquake locations and magnitudes as quickly as possible before the damaging S wave arrival to mitigate seismic hazards. Deep learning techniques provide potential for extracting earthquake source information from full seismic waveforms instead of seismic phase picks. We developed a novel deep learning earthquake early warning system that utilizes fully convolutional networks to simultaneously detect earthquakes and estimate their source parameters from continuous seismic waveform streams. The system determines earthquake location and magnitude as soon as one station receives earthquake signals and evolutionarily improves the solutions by receiving continuous data. We apply the system to the 2016 Mw 6.0 earthquake in Central Apennines, Italy and its subsequent sequence. Earthquake locations and magnitudes can be reliably determined as early as four seconds after the earliest P phase, with mean error ranges of 6.8-3.7 km and 0.31-0.23, respectively.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
A COMPARISON OF STATED AND REVEALED PREFERENCE METHODS FOR FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
Creators: name: Hicks, Robert L.
name: Hicks, Robert L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: In this paper, we compare revealed and stated preference methods for anglers' preferences for various fisheries management measures. Using random utility models of recreation demand, we compare the use of stated and revealed preference methodologies for analyzing fisheries management options. We compare parameter and welfare estimates from the two models.
WattScale: A Data-driven Approach for Energy Efficiency Analytics of Buildings at Scale
Creators: name: Iyengar, Srinivasan
name: Lee, Stephen
name: Irwin, David
name: Shenoy, Prashant
name: Weil, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Buildings consume over 40% of the total energy in modern societies, and improving their energy efficiency can significantly reduce our energy footprint. In this paper, we present \texttt{WattScale}, a data-driven approach to identify the least energy-efficient buildings from a large population of buildings in a city or a region. Unlike previous methods such as least-squares that use point estimates, \texttt{WattScale} uses Bayesian inference to capture the stochasticity in the daily energy usage by estimating the distribution of parameters that affect a building. Further, it compares them with similar homes in a given population. \texttt{WattScale} also incorporates a fault detection algorithm to identify the underlying causes of energy inefficiency. We validate our approach using ground truth data from different geographical locations, which showcases its applicability in various settings. \texttt{WattScale} has two execution modes -- (i) individual, and (ii) region-based, which we highlight using two case studies. For the individual execution mode, we present results from a city containing >10,000 buildings and show that more than half of the buildings are inefficient in one way or another indicating a significant potential from energy improvement measures. Additionally, we provide probable cause of inefficiency and find that 41\%, 23.73\%, and 0.51\% homes have poor building envelope, heating, and cooling system faults, respectively. For the region-based execution mode, we show that \texttt{WattScale} can be extended to millions of homes in the US due to the recent availability of representative energy datasets.
description: This paper appeared in the Journal ACM Transactions on Data Science
PEER PRESSURE: REFEREED JOURNALS AND EMPIRICAL RESEARCH IN THE UNDERGRADUATE ECONOMICS CURRICULUM
Creators: name: Santos, Joseph M.
name: Santos, Joseph M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Sharing with our students what we do as economists and how we do it can augment student learning in fundamental and interrelated ways. In particular, students learn to think like economists; to gain "information literacy;" to explain and synthesize their ideas clearly; and to engage themselves in the learning process. In this paper, I propose a curriculum to teach students how to access, chart and interpret macroeconomic data; to search and access peer-reviewed journal articles; and to formulate, in writing, positions on myriad economic issues, using empirical evidence and the extant academic literature to substantiate their positions. An assessment of the curriculum, which I instituted in fall 2001, demonstrated that students who participated were generally able to determine the extent of information needed to complete an empirical research prompt as well as to access and use the information effectively, efficiently and ethically. Moreover, most students could distinguish between general periodicals and scholarly journals.
Coincidence Measurement of the Nonmesonic Weak Decay of ^{12}_{Lambda}C
Creators: name: Kim, M. J.
name: Ajimura, S.
name: Aoki, K.
name: Banu, A.
name: Bhang, H.
name: Fukuda, T.
name: Hashimoto, O.
name: Hwang, J. I.
name: Kameoka, S.
name: Kang, B. H.
name: Kim, E. H.
name: Kim, J. H.
name: Maruta, T.
name: Miura, Y.
name: Miyake, Y.
name: Nagae, T.
name: Nakamura, M.
name: Nakamura, S. N.
name: Noumi, H.
name: Okada, S.
name: Okayasu, Y.
name: Outa, H.
name: Park, H.
name: Saha, P. K.
name: Sato, Y.
name: Sekimoto, M.
name: Shin, S.
name: Takahashi, T.
name: Tamura, H.
name: Tanida, K.
name: Toyoda, A.
name: Tsukada, K.
name: Watanabe, T.
name: Yim, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the angular correlation of the pair nucleons np and nn emitted from the nonmesonic weak decay (NMWD) of ^{12}_{Lambda}C produced via the (pi^+,K^+) reaction in coincidence measurement. The Lambda p -> np and Lambda n -> nn modes were clearly identified by measuring the back-to-back correlation of the emitted nucleon pairs which is the characteristic of two-body kinematics. From the measured nucleon pair numbers N_{nn} and N_{np}, the ratio Gamma_n/Gamma_p of the partial decay widths Gamma_n(Lambda n -> nn) and Gamma_p(Lambda p -> np) of ^{12}_{Lambda}C was extracted to be 0.51+-0.13(stat) +- 0.05(syst); this result is almost free from the ambiguity due to the nuclear final state interaction and 3-body decay process, which were inherent in the previous results. The obtained Gamma_n/Gamma_p ratio of ^{12}_{Lambda}C (p-shell) is close to that of ^5_{Lambda}He (s-shell). The results are consistent with those of recent theoretical calculations.
description: 13 pages, 4figures, 1 table,re-submitted to Physics Letters B
Entropy flow through near-critical quantum junctions
Creators: name: Friedan, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the continuation of cond-mat/0505084. Elementary formulas are derived for the flow of entropy through a circuit junction in a near-critical quantum circuit, based on the structure of the energy-momentum tensor at the junction. The entropic admittance of a near-critical junction in a bulk-critical circuit is expressed in terms of commutators of the chiral entropy currents. The entropic admittance at low frequency, divided by the frequency, gives the change of the junction entropy with temperature -- the entropic `capacitance'. As an example, and as a check on the formalism, the entropic admittance is calculated explicitly for junctions in bulk-critical quantum Ising circuits (free fermions, massless in the bulk), in terms of the reflection matrix of the junction. The half-bit of information capacity per end of critical Ising wire is re-derived by integrating the entropic `capacitance' with respect to temperature, from T=0 to T=infinity.
description: 2005 paper published 2017 in Kadanoff memorial issue of J Stat Phys with revisions for clarity following referee's suggestions, arguments and results unchanged, cross-posting now to quant-ph, 24 pages
MODELING STRATEGIC INTERACTIONS IN LAND-USE DECISION MODELS
Creators: name: Ghosh, Koel
name: Marshall, Elizabeth P.
name: Ghosh, Koel
name: Marshall, Elizabeth P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: This study examines micro level decision-making regarding land use in the presence of spillover open-space benefits. It provides a theoretical framework for conceptualizing the problem of spatial interaction by developing an amenity-based model of land use decisions and then illustrates it with landscape-level GIS-based simulations.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 11/18/02.
Deep Interactive Learning: An Efficient Labeling Approach for Deep Learning-Based Osteosarcoma Treatment Response Assessment
Creators: name: Ho, David Joon
name: Agaram, Narasimhan P.
name: Schueffler, Peter J.
name: Vanderbilt, Chad M.
name: Jean, Marc-Henri
name: Hameed, Meera R.
name: Fuchs, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant primary bone tumor. Standard treatment includes pre-operative chemotherapy followed by surgical resection. The response to treatment as measured by ratio of necrotic tumor area to overall tumor area is a known prognostic factor for overall survival. This assessment is currently done manually by pathologists by looking at glass slides under the microscope which may not be reproducible due to its subjective nature. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can be used for automated segmentation of viable and necrotic tumor on osteosarcoma whole slide images. One bottleneck for supervised learning is that large amounts of accurate annotations are required for training which is a time-consuming and expensive process. In this paper, we describe Deep Interactive Learning (DIaL) as an efficient labeling approach for training CNNs. After an initial labeling step is done, annotators only need to correct mislabeled regions from previous segmentation predictions to improve the CNN model until the satisfactory predictions are achieved. Our experiments show that our CNN model trained by only 7 hours of annotation using DIaL can successfully estimate ratios of necrosis within expected inter-observer variation rate for non-standardized manual surgical pathology task.
description: Accepted at MICCAI 2020
Three-dimensional magnetic flux-closure patterns in mesoscopic Fe islands
Creators: name: Hertel, R.
name: Fruchart, O.
name: Cherifi, S.
name: Jubert, P. -O.
name: Heun, S.
name: Locatelli, A.
name: Kirschner, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated three-dimensional magnetization structures in numerous mesoscopic Fe/Mo(110) islands by means of x-ray magnetic circular dichroism combined with photoemission electron microscopy (XMCD-PEEM). The particles are epitaxial islands with an elongated hexagonal shape with length of up to 2.5 micrometer and thickness of up to 250 nm. The XMCD-PEEM studies reveal asymmetric magnetization distributions at the surface of these particles. Micromagnetic simulations are in excellent agreement with the observed magnetic structures and provide information on the internal structure of the magnetization which is not accessible in the experiment. It is shown that the magnetization is influenced mostly by the particle size and thickness rather than by the details of its shape. Hence, these hexagonal samples can be regarded as model systems for the study of the magnetization in thick, mesoscopic ferromagnets.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
MICROECONOMIC ADJUSTMENTS OF HOUSEHOLDS TO MACROECONOMIC SHOCKS: HOUSEHOLD LEVEL WELFARE IMPACTS OF THE INDONESIAN ECONOMIC CRISIS
Creators: name: Fabiosa, Jacinto F.
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Fabiosa, Jacinto F.
name: Jensen, Helen H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: The macroeconomic crisis in Indonesia in the late 1990s reduced real per capita income by 74 percent and increased prices of some food groups by 92-445 percent. Adjustments in the consumption decisions of households during this period was analyzed using SUSENAS data. The data showed a very strong pattern of adjustment in the consumption decisions of households. That is, households substituted away from more expensive food groups to cheaper alternatives. Of the nine food groups examined, per capita consumption declined in seven food groups with largest declines in eggs-milk (38%), fish (20%), and meats (13%). In contrast, consumption of the cheapest food group - tubers, increased by 22 percent. Also, households substituted away from the expensive animal-protein sources to cheaper plant-protein sources. Consumption of legumes increased by 13 percent. Moreover, the proportion of households with positive consumption showed the largest declines in meats (13 percentage points) and eggs-milk (10 percentage points), while it declined the lowest in legumes (0.66 percentage points). On the other hand, the proportion of households with positive consumption actually increased only in tubers. The same pattern is shown by the budget re-allocation of households. An AIDS model that accommodates zero consumption was estimated using Heien-Wessels and Shonkwiler-Yen methods. Variation in the parameter (and elasticity) estimates between the two models is largest in food groups with higher proportion of zero consumption such as in meats, while parameter estimates did not vary significantly in food groups with high proportion of positive consumption such as vegetable and cereals. Welfare analysis shows doubling of the cost of purchasing a bundle of food groups that give the same level of utility as in the pre-crisis period.
SRZoo: An integrated repository for super-resolution using deep learning
Creators: name: Choi, Jun-Ho
name: Kim, Jun-Hyuk
name: Lee, Jong-Seok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning-based image processing algorithms, including image super-resolution methods, have been proposed with significant improvement in performance in recent years. However, their implementations and evaluations are dispersed in terms of various deep learning frameworks and various evaluation criteria. In this paper, we propose an integrated repository for the super-resolution tasks, named SRZoo, to provide state-of-the-art super-resolution models in a single place. Our repository offers not only converted versions of existing pre-trained models, but also documentation and toolkits for converting other models. In addition, SRZoo provides platform-agnostic image reconstruction tools to obtain super-resolved images and evaluate the performance in place. It also brings the opportunity of extension to advanced image-based researches and other image processing models. The software, documentation, and pre-trained models are publicly available on GitHub.
description: Accepted in ICASSP 2020, code available at https://github.com/idearibosome/srzoo
SHOULD THE UNITED STATES INITIATE A MANDATORY LABELING POLICY FOR GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOODS?
Creators: name: Huffman, Wallace E.
name: Rousu, Matthew C.
name: Shogren, Jason F.
name: Tegene, Abebayehu
name: Huffman, Wallace E.
name: Rousu, Matthew C.
name: Shogren, Jason F.
name: Tegene, Abebayehu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: In many countries, including those in the European Union, Japan, Australia, and China, labeling is required for foods that contain genetically modified material. Other countries, including the United States, do not require mandatory labeling of GM foods. The United States, however, does allow firms to voluntarily label their products as non-GM. This raises the question of whether a mandatory labeling or voluntary labeling policy is more efficient. Proponents of voluntary labeling policies say they are less expensive, because only the firms that wish to label their products must incur the labeling costs. In a mandatory labeling regime, all firms would need to incur additional costs, whether the costs are due to product testing, label design, segregation, mistakes in labeling, etc. Many proponents of mandatory labeling of GM foods say that consumers have a "right to know" what they are eating and proponents claim that governments should mandate labels for foods made through genetic modification. This paper presents empirical evidence on consumers' value for foods with positive (i.e. this food is made with genetic engineering) labels versus and for foods with negative (i.e. this food is made without genetic engineering) labels. The positive label is likely to occur under a mandatory labeling system, while the negative label is likely to occur in a voluntary system. Thus, we present evidence on the consumer value of different labeling policies. We estimate values using a laboratory auction experiment performed on 142 randomly chosen adult consumers in the Des Moines, IA, and Saint Paul, MN, areas, grouped in 8 experimental units. They participated in a random nth-price auction experiment, in which they bid on three familiar neutral food items (an oil, a processed food, and a fresh food) that may be genetically modified. Experimental units are randomly assigned to the labeling treatment (i.e., food items with accurate GM food labels versus no food labels). Using statistical design and econometric analysis, this paper will estimate the average value of food label regimes to consumers. This will be measured as the difference in the auction price of a particular food item with and without a GM food label. We present evidence that shows that a voluntary labeling system elicits the same consumer reaction as a mandatory labeling system. Because a voluntary labeling policy would be less expensive to implement, this paper provides evidence that the United States should not abandon the current voluntary labeling system for a mandatory one. This information could be useful to U.S. public policy makers who must decide on GM food labeling legislation.
View-Invariant, Occlusion-Robust Probabilistic Embedding for Human Pose
Creators: name: Liu, Ting
name: Sun, Jennifer J.
name: Zhao, Long
name: Zhao, Jiaping
name: Yuan, Liangzhe
name: Wang, Yuxiao
name: Chen, Liang-Chieh
name: Schroff, Florian
name: Adam, Hartwig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recognition of human poses and actions is crucial for autonomous systems to interact smoothly with people. However, cameras generally capture human poses in 2D as images and videos, which can have significant appearance variations across viewpoints that make the recognition tasks challenging. To address this, we explore recognizing similarity in 3D human body poses from 2D information, which has not been well-studied in existing works. Here, we propose an approach to learning a compact view-invariant embedding space from 2D body joint keypoints, without explicitly predicting 3D poses. Input ambiguities of 2D poses from projection and occlusion are difficult to represent through a deterministic mapping, and therefore we adopt a probabilistic formulation for our embedding space. Experimental results show that our embedding model achieves higher accuracy when retrieving similar poses across different camera views, in comparison with 3D pose estimation models. We also show that by training a simple temporal embedding model, we achieve superior performance on pose sequence retrieval and largely reduce the embedding dimension from stacking frame-based embeddings for efficient large-scale retrieval. Furthermore, in order to enable our embeddings to work with partially visible input, we further investigate different keypoint occlusion augmentation strategies during training. We demonstrate that these occlusion augmentations significantly improve retrieval performance on partial 2D input poses. Results on action recognition and video alignment demonstrate that using our embeddings without any additional training achieves competitive performance relative to other models specifically trained for each task.
description: Accepted to International Journal of Computer Vision (IJCV). Code is available at https://github.com/google-research/google-research/tree/master/poem. Video synchronization results are available at https://drive.google.com/corp/drive/folders/1nhPuEcX4Lhe6iK3nv84cvSCov2eJ52Xy. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1912.01001
From Stäckel systems to integrable hierarchies of PDE's: Benenti class of separation relations
Creators: name: Blaszak, Maciej
name: Marciniak, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a general scheme of constructing of soliton hierarchies from finite dimensional Stäckel systems and related separation relations. In particular, we concentrate on the simplest class of separation relations, called Benenti class, i.e. certain Stäckel systems with quadratic in momenta integrals of motion.
description: 24 pages
A Further Study of the Luminosity-Dependent Cyclotron Resonance Energies of the Binary X-ray Pulsar 4U0115+63 with RXTE
Creators: name: Nakajima, Motoki
name: Mihara, Tatehiro
name: Makishima, Kazuo
name: Niko, Hisako
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present paper reports on the RXTE observations of the binary X-ray pulsar 4U0115+63, covering an outburst in 1999 March-April with 44 pointings. The 3-30 keV PCA spectra and the 15-50 keV HEXTE spectra were analyzed jointly for the cyclotron resonance features. When the 3-50 keV luminosity at an assumed distance of 7 kpc was in the range (5-13)x10^{37} erg s^{-1}, harmonic double cyclotron features were observed in absorption at ~11 and ~22 keV, as was measured previously during typical outbursts. As the luminosity decreased below \~5x10^{37} erg s^{-1}, the second resonance disappeared, and the fundamental resonance energy gradually increased, up to $\sim$16 keV at 0.16x10^{37} erg s^{-1}. These results reconfirm the report by Mihara et al. (2004) using Ginga, who observed a single absorption at ~16 keV in a minor (~10^{37} erg s^{-1}) outburst of this object. The luminosity-dependent cyclotron resonance energy may be understood as a result of a decrease in the accretion column height, in response to a decrease in the mass accretion rate.
description: 33 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
STOCHASTIC TECHNOLOGY, RISK PREFERENCES AND ADOPTION OF SITE-SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGIES
Creators: name: Isik, Murat
name: Khanna, Madhu
name: Isik, Murat
name: Khanna, Madhu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: spatial variability
subject: risk preferences
subject: joint estimation
subject: uncertainty
subject: technology adoption
subject: nitrogen runoff

description: This paper develops a model of farmer decision-making to examine the extent to which uncertainties about the performance of site-specific technologies (SSTs) and about the weather impact the value of these technologies. The model uses the jointly estimated risk and technology parameters to examine the impacts of SSTs on returns and nitrogen pollution. The availability of uncertain soil information and production uncertainty can lead risk-averse farmers to apply more fertilizers and generate more pollution. Ignoring the impact of uncertainty and risk preferences of farmers leads to a significant overestimation of the economic and environmental benefits of SSTs and underestimation of the required subsidy for inducing adoption of SSTs. The model that accounts for uncertainties about soil conditions and production as well as risk preferences of farmers provides an explanation for the low observed adoption rates of SSTs. Improvements in the accuracy of SSTs have the potential to increase the incentives for adoption.
Reconfiguration of District Heating Network for Operational Flexibility Enhancement in Power System Unit Commitment
Creators: name: Xue, Yixun
name: Shahidehpour, Mohammad
name: Pan, Zhaoguang
name: Wang, Bin
name: Zhou, Quan
name: Guo, Qinglai
name: Sun, Hongbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Massive adoptions of combined heat and power (CHP) units necessitate the coordinated operation of power system and district heating system (DHS). Exploiting the reconfigurable property of district heating networks (DHNs) provides a cost-effective solution to enhance the flexibility of the power system by redistributing heat loads in DHS. In this paper, a unit commitment considering combined electricity and reconfigurable heating network (UC-CERHN) is proposed to coordinate the day-ahead scheduling of power system and DHS. The DHS is formulated as a nonlinear and mixed-integer model with considering the reconfigurable DHN. Also, an auxiliary energy flow variable is introduced in the formed DHS model to make the commitment problem tractable, where the computational burdens are significantly reduced. Extensive case studies are presented to validate the effectiveness of the approximated model and illustrate the potential benefits of the proposed method with respect to congestion management and wind power accommodation. (Corresponding author:Hongbin Sun)
Renormalizable supersymmetric gauge theory in six dimensions
Creators: name: Ivanov, E. A.
name: Smilga, A. V.
name: Zupnik, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct and discuss a 6D supersymmetric gauge theory involving four derivatives in the action. The theory involves a dimensionless coupling constant and is renormalizable. At the tree level, it enjoys N = (1,0) superconformal symmetry, but the latter is broken by quantum anomaly. Our study should be considered as preparatory for seeking an extended version of this theory which would hopefully preserve conformal symmetry at the full quantum level and be ultraviolet-finite.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures. An arithmetic error in the calculation of the coefficient of the beta function is corrected. Its sign (corresponding to the Landau zero situation) stays the same as in the earlier versions
Enzyklika des Patriarchen Athenagoras von Konstantinopel an alle Erzbischöfe und Metropoliten seines Amtsbereiches
Creators: name: Von Konstantinopel, Athenagoras
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 16 Nr. 3 (1967): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 16, Heft 3
Optimal focusing for maximal collection of entangled narrow-band photon pairs into single-mode fibers
Creators: name: Ljunggren, Daniel
name: Tengner, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical and experimental investigation of the emission characteristics and the flux of photon pairs generated by spontaneous parametric downconversion in quasi-phase matched bulk crystals for the use in quantum communication sources. We show that, by careful design, one can attain well defined modes close to the fundamental mode of optical fibers and obtain high coupling efficiencies also for bulk crystals, these being more easily aligned than crystal waveguides. We distinguish between singles coupling, conditional coincidence, and pair coupling, and show how each of these parameters can be maximized by varying the focusing of the pump mode and the fiber-matched modes using standard optical elements. Specifically we analyze a periodically poled KTP-crystal pumped by a 532 nm laser creating photon pairs at 810 nm and 1550 nm. Numerical calculations lead to coupling efficiencies above 94% at optimal focusing, which is found by the geometrical relation L/z_R to be ~ 1 to 2 for the pump mode and ~ 2 to 3 for the fiber-modes, where L is the crystal length and z_R is the Rayleigh-range of the mode-profile. These results are independent on L. By showing that the single-mode bandwidth decreases as 1/L, we can therefore design the source to produce and couple narrow bandwidth photon pairs well into the fibers. Smaller bandwidth means both less chromatic dispersion for long propagation distances in fibers, and that telecom Bragg gratings can be utilized to compensate for broadened photon packets--a vital problem for time-multiplexed qubits. Longer crystals also yield an increase in fiber photon flux proportional to sqrt{L}, and so, assuming correct focusing, we can only see advantages using long crystals.
description: 19 pages, 15 figures, ReVTeX4, minor revision