cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sources of Uncertainty in Regional and Global Terrestrial CO2 Exchange Estimates
Creators: name: Bastos, A.
name: O'Sullivan, M.
name: Ciais, P.
name: Makowski, D.
name: Sitch, S.
name: Friedlingstein, P.
name: Chevallier, F.
name: Rödenbeck, C.
name: Pongratz, J.
name: Luijkx, I. T.
name: Patra, P. K.
name: Peylin, P.
name: Canadell, J. G.
name: Lauerwald, R.
name: Li, W.
name: Smith, N. E.
name: Peters, W.
name: Goll, D. S.
name: Jain, A.K.
name: Kato, E.
name: Lienert, S.
name: Lombardozzi, D. L.
name: Haverd, V.
name: Nabel, J. E. M. S.
name: Poulter, B.
name: Tian, H.
name: Walker, A. P.
name: Zaehle, S.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: The Global Carbon Budget 2018 (GCB2018) estimated by the atmospheric CO 2 growth rate, fossil fuel emissions, and modeled (bottom-up) land and ocean fluxes cannot be fully closed, leading to a “budget imbalance,” highlighting uncertainties in GCB components. However, no systematic analysis has been performed on which regions or processes contribute to this term. To obtain deeper insight on the sources of uncertainty in global and regional carbon budgets, we analyzed differences in Net Biome Productivity (NBP) for all possible combinations of bottom-up and top-down data sets in GCB2018: (i) 16 dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs), and (ii) 5 atmospheric inversions that match the atmospheric CO 2 growth rate. We find that the global mismatch between the two ensembles matches well the GCB2018 budget imbalance, with Brazil, Southeast Asia, and Oceania as the largest contributors. Differences between DGVMs dominate global mismatches, while at regional scale differences between inversions contribute the most to uncertainty. At both global and regional scales, disagreement on NBP interannual variability between the two approaches explains a large fraction of differences. We attribute this mismatch to distinct responses to El Niño–Southern Oscillation variability between DGVMs and inversions and to uncertainties in land use change emissions, especially in South America and Southeast Asia. We identify key needs to reduce uncertainty in carbon budgets: reducing uncertainty in atmospheric inversions (e.g., through more observations in the tropics) and in land use change fluxes, including more land use processes and evaluating land use transitions (e.g., using high-resolution remote-sensing), and, finally, improving tropical hydroecological processes and fire representation within DGVMs.
Resonant scattering in graphene with a gate-defined chaotic quantum dot
Creators: name: Schneider, Martin
name: Brouwer, Piet W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the conductance of an undoped graphene sheet with two metallic contacts and an electrostatically gated island (quantum dot) between the contacts. Our analysis is based on the Matrix Green Function formalism, which was recently adapted to graphene by Titov {\em et al.} [Phys.\ Rev.\ Lett.\ {\bf 104}, 076802 (2010)]. We find pronounced differences between the case of a stadium-shaped dot (which has chaotic classical dynamics) and a disc-shaped dot (which has integrable classical dynamics) in the limit that the dot size is small in comparison to the distance between the contacts. In particular, for the stadium-shaped dot the two-terminal conductance shows Fano resonances as a function of the gate voltage, which cross-over to Breit-Wigner resonances only in the limit of completely separated resonances, whereas for a disc-shaped dot sharp Breit-Wigner resonances resulting from higher angular momentum remain present throughout.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Vortex-Wide Detection of Large Aspherical NAT Particles in the Arctic Winter 2011/12 Stratosphere
Creators: name: Woiwode, W.
name: Höpfner, M.
name: Bi, L.
name: Khosrawi, F.
name: Santee, M. L.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Micron-sized HNO3-containing particles in polar stratospheric clouds are known to denitrify the polar winter stratosphere and support chemical ozone loss. We show that populations of nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) particles with volume-equivalent median radii of 3–7 μm can be detected vortex-wide by means of infrared limb sounding. Key for detection are the applied optical characteristics of highly aspherical particles consisting of the β-NAT phase. Spectroscopic signatures and ambient conditions of detected populations show that these particles play a key role in denitrification of the Arctic winter stratosphere. Complementary gas-phase HNO3 observations indicate collocated highly efficient HNO3 sequestration within days and are consistent with measured spectral signals of populations of large NAT particles. High amounts of condensed gas-phase equivalent HNO3 exceeding 10 ppbv and long persistence of detected populations, despite expected gravitational settling, imply that our understanding of the particles is incomplete.
Clinical relevance of circulating MACC1 and S100A4 transcripts for ovarian cancer
Creators: name: Link, Theresa
name: Kuhlmann, Jan Dominik
name: Kobelt, Dennis
name: Herrmann, Pia
name: Vassileva, Yana D.
name: Kramer, Michael
name: Frank, Kerstin
name: Göckenjan, Maren
name: Wimberger, Pauline
name: Stein, Ulrike
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Metastasis-associated in colon cancer 1 (MACC1) and S100 calcium-binding protein A4 (S100A4) are prominent inducers of tumor progression and metastasis. For the first time, we systematically tracked circulating serum levels of MACC1 and S100A4 transcripts in the course of surgery and chemotherapy and analyzed their clinical relevance for ovarian cancer. MACC1 and S100A4 transcripts were quantified in a total of 318 serum samples from 79 ovarian cancer patients by RT-qPCR and digital droplet PCR, respectively. MACC1 and S100A4 transcripts were significantly elevated in serum of ovarian cancer patients, compared to healthy controls (P = 0.024; P
Time-reversal symmetry breaking in circuit-QED based photon lattices
Creators: name: Koch, Jens
name: Houck, Andrew A.
name: Hur, Karyn Le
name: Girvin, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Breaking time-reversal symmetry is a prerequisite for accessing certain interesting many-body states such as fractional quantum Hall states. For polaritons, charge neutrality prevents magnetic fields from providing a direct symmetry breaking mechanism and similar to the situation in ultracold atomic gases, an effective magnetic field has to be synthesized. We show that in the circuit QED architecture, this can be achieved by inserting simple superconducting circuits into the resonator junctions. In the presence of such coupling elements, constant parallel magnetic and electric fields suffice to break time-reversal symmetry. We support these theoretical predictions with numerical simulations for realistic sample parameters, specify general conditions under which time-reversal is broken, and discuss the application to chiral Fock state transfer, an on-chip circulator, and tunable band structure for the Kagome lattice.
description: minor revisions, version published in PRA; 19 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables
Rates of rockwall slope erosion in the upper Bhagirathi catchment, Garhwal Himalaya
Creators: name: Orr, Elizabeth N.
name: Owen, Lewis A.
name: Saha, Sourav
name: Caffee, Marc W.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Rockwall slope erosion is defined for the upper Bhagirathi catchment using cosmogenic Beryllium-10 (10Be) concentrations in sediment from medial moraines on Gangotri glacier. Beryllium-10 concentrations range from 1.1 ± 0.2 to 2.7 ± 0.3 × 104 at/g SiO2, yielding rockwall slope erosion rates from 2.4 ± 0.4 to 6.9 ± 1.9 mm/a. Slope erosion rates are likely to have varied over space and time and responded to shifts in climate, geomorphic and/or tectonic regime throughout the late Quaternary. Geomorphic and sedimentological analyses confirm that the moraines are predominately composed of rockfall and avalanche debris mobilized from steep relief rockwall slopes via periglacial weathering processes. The glacial rockwall slope erosion affects sediment flux and storage of snow and ice at the catchment head on diurnal to millennial timescales, and more broadly influences catchment configuration and relief, glacier dynamics and microclimates. The slope erosion rates exceed the averaged catchment-wide and exhumation rates of Bhagirathi and the Garhwal region on geomorphic timescales (103−105 years), supporting the view that erosion at the headwaters can outpace the wider catchment. The 10Be concentrations of medial moraine sediment for the upper Bhagirathi catchment and the catchments of Chhota Shigri in Lahul, northern India and Baltoro glacier in Central Karakoram, Pakistan show a tentative relationship between 10Be concentration and precipitation. As such there is more rapid glacial rockwall slope erosion in the monsoon-influenced Lesser and Greater Himalaya compared to the semi-arid interior of the orogen. Rockwall slope erosion in the three study areas, and more broadly across the northwest Himalaya is likely governed by individual catchment dynamics that vary across space and time. © 2019 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The selection and analysis of fatty acid ratios: A new approach for the univariate and multivariate analysis of fatty acid trophic markers in marine pelagic organisms
Creators: name: Graeve, Martin
name: Greenacre, Michael J.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Fatty acid (FA) compositions provide insights about storage and feeding modes of marine organisms, characterizing trophic relationships in the marine food web. Such compositional data, which are normalized to sum to 1, have values—and thus derived statistics as well—that depend on the particular mix of components that constitute the composition. In FA studies, if the set of FAs under investigation is different in two separate studies, all the summary statistics and relationships between the FAs that are common to the two studies are artificially changed due to the normalization, and thus incomparable. Ratios of FAs, however, are invariant to the particular choice of FAs under consideration—they are said to be subcompositionally coherent. Here, we document the collaboration between a biochemist (M.G.) and a statistician (M.J.G.) to determine a suitable small set of FA ratios that effectively replaces the original data set for the purposes of univariate and multivariate analysis. This strategy is applied to two FA data sets, on copepods and amphipods, respectively, and is widely applicable in other contexts. The selection of ratios is performed in such a way as to satisfy substantive requirements in the context of the respective data set, namely to explain phenomena of interest relevant to the particular species, as well as the statistical requirement to explain as much variance in the FA data set as possible. Benefits of this new approach are (1) univariate statistics that can be validly compared between different studies, and (2) a simplified multivariate analysis of the reduced set of ratios, giving practically the same results as the analysis of the full FA data set.
Zipf's laws of meaning in Catalan (FreeLing config file)
Creators: name: , Català
name: , Jaume
name: , Ferrer-I-Cancho
name: , Padró
name: , Hernández-Fernández
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: FreeLing
Config file

description: This is the FreeLing configuration file that was used to process the datasets: DIEC2_CTILC_senseCG. DIEC2_GLISSANDO_senseCG.  for the paper "Zipf’s laws of meaning in Catalan". FeeLing can be executed (upon installation) with this command: FREELINGDIR/bin/analyzer -f $FREELINGDIR/share/freeling/config/ca.cfg --nodate --nonumb --fnp $MYDIR/np.dat --fdict $MYDIR/dicc.src --noloc --force retok
description: This work has been funded by the project PRO2020-S03 (RCO03080449Ling ̈u ́ıstica Quantitativa, Institut d'Estudis Catalans). JB, RFC and AHF450are also funded by the grant TIN2017-89244-R from Ministerio de Econo-451mia, Industria y Competitividad (Gobierno de Espa ̃na) and the recognition4522017SGR-856 (MACDA) from AGAUR (Generalitat de Catalunya).
Anisotropic intrinsic anomalous Hall effect in ordered 3dPt alloys
Creators: name: Zhang, Hongbin
name: Blügel, Stefan
name: Mokrousov, Yuriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By performing first principles calculations we investigate the intrinsic anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) and its anisotropy in ordered L1o FePt, CoPt and NiPt ferromagnets, and their intermediate alloys. We demonstrate that the AHC in this family of compounds depends strongly on the direction of the magnetization in the crystal. We predict that such pronounced orientational dependence in combination with the general decreasing trend of the AHC when going from FePt to NiPt leads to a sign change of the AHC upon rotating the magnetization direction in the crystal of CoPt alloy. We also suggest that for a range of concentration x in Co(x)Ni(1-x)Pt alloy it is possible to achieve a complete quenching of the anomalous Hall current for a certain direction of the magnetization in the crystal. By analyzing the spin-resolved AHC in 3dPt alloys we endeavor to relate the overall trend of the AHC in these compounds to the changes in their densities of d-states around the Fermi energy upon varying the atomic number. Moreover, we show the generality of the phenomenon of anisotropic anomalous Hall effect by demonstrating its occurrence within the three-band tight-binding model.
description: 10 pages
Biomass-Derived Aromatics by Solid Acid-Catalyzed Aldol Condensation of Alkyl Methyl Ketones
Creators: name: Reif, Phillip
name: Rosenthal, Hannah
name: Rose, Marcus
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Abstract Cyclotrimerization of biomass-based alkyl methyl ketones exhibits great potential as a route to biomass-derived aromatics by a sustainable valorization of biorefinery streams. In this study, acetone is used as a model reagent to screen solid acid catalysts for the aldol condensation reaction to the aromatic trimer mesitylene. From a broad catalyst screening promising activity is shown by the cation exchange resin Purolite CT275DR, the beta-zeolite H-BEA 35, and aluminosilicate Siralox 70/170 HPV which are used to further investigate reaction parameters. Acetone conversion and mesitylene yield increase with temperature and time, while yield of the intermediate mesityl oxide decreases. This effect is also found for higher quantities of catalyst acid sites and is accompanied with an increased side product formation which negatively affects total product selectivity. Analyzing the reaction progress shows a significant drop in catalyst productivity after an initial start-up phase. This observation is linked to a deactivation of the catalyst which involves water that is formed during the condensation reaction of acetone. Obtained results confirm the general viability of the aromatization of alkyl methyl ketones and can be considered the first step to an alternative sustainable route to biomass-derived aromatics compared to other currently discussed routes.
Supergravity Higgs Inflation and Shift Symmetry in Electroweak Theory
Creators: name: Ben-Dayan, Ido
name: Einhorn, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model of inflation in a supergravity framework in the Einstein frame where the Higgs field of the next to minimal supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM) plays the role of the inflaton. Previous attempts which assumed non-minimal coupling to gravity failed due to a tachyonic instability of the singlet field during inflation. A canonical Kähler potential with \textit{minimal coupling} to gravity can resolve the tachyonic instability but runs into the $η$-problem. We suggest a model which is free of the $η$-problem due to an additional coupling in the Kähler potential which is allowed by the Standard Model gauge group. This induces directions in the potential which we call K-flat. For a certain value of the new coupling in the (N)MSSM, the Kähler potential is special, because it can be associated with a certain shift symmetry for the Higgs doublets, a generalization of the shift symmetry for singlets in earlier models. We find that K-flat direction has $H_u^0=-H_d^{0*}.$ This shift symmetry is broken by interactions coming from the superpotential and gauge fields. This direction fails to produce successful inflation in the MSSM but produces a viable model in the NMSSM. The model is specifically interesting in the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) limit of the NMSSM. In this limit the model can be confirmed or ruled-out not just by cosmic microwave background observations but also by axion searches.
description: matches the published version at JCAP
Beratungen zu Nachhaltigkeit als ein Instrument zur Minderung von Risiken im globalen Rohstoffeinkauf deutscher Industrieunternehmen
Creators: name: Pudlas, Sascha
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Risikominderung
Nachhaltigkeitsberatungen

description: Die Abhängigkeit von Rohstoffimporten stellt für die deutsche Industrie eine stetig wachsende Herausforderung dar. Andererseits haben sich deutsche Industrieunternehmen eine große Expertise in Nachhaltigkeit erarbeitet. Diese Ausarbeitung beschreibt die Idee, die Risiken der Rohstoffabhängigkeit durch den Wettbewerbsvorteil betreffs Wissens über nachhaltiges Handeln zu reduzieren, indem kritischen Lieferanten Nachhaltigkeitsberatungen gegen garantierte Rohstofflieferungen angeboten werden.
Numerische und experimentelle Untersuchung zerspanungsbedingter Gefügeumwandlungen und Modellierung des thermo-mechanischen Lastkollektivs beim Bohren von 42CrMo4
Creators: name: Michna, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Zerspanung
Gefügeumwandlungen
FEM
Bohren

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der numerischen und experimentellen Untersuchung von Phasenumwandlungen in zerspanten Bauteilrandschichten des Werkstoffs 42CrMo4. Ziel ist es Umwandlungsvorgänge in oberflächennahen Bereichen spanend bearbeiteter Oberflächen numerisch beschreiben und in Abhängigkeit von Prozess- und Werkzeuggeometrieparametern vorhersagen zu können.
Relations among the kernels and images of {S}teenrod squares acting on right $\mathcal{A}$-modules
Creators: name: Ault, Shaun V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55S10

description: In this note, we examine the right action of the Steenrod algebra $\mathcal{A}$ on the homology groups $H_*(BV_s, \F_2)$, where $V_s = \F_2^s$. We find a relationship between the intersection of kernels of $Sq^{2^i}$ and the intersection of images of $Sq^{2^{i+1}-1}$, which can be generalized to arbitrary right $\mathcal{A}$-modules. While it is easy to show that $\bigcap_{i=0}^{k} \mathrm{im}\,Sq^{2^{i+1}-1} \subseteq \bigcap_{i = 0}^k \mathrm{ker}\,Sq^{2^i}$ for any given $k \geq 0$, the reverse inclusion need not be true. We develop the machinery of homotopy systems and null subspaces in order to address the natural question of when the reverse inclusion can be expected. In the second half of the paper, we discuss some counter-examples to the reverse inclusion, for small values of $k$, that exist in $H_*(BV_s, \F_2)$.
description: 16 pages
Heavy Quarkonium Melting in Large N Thermal QCD
Creators: name: Mia, Mohammed
name: Dasgupta, Keshav
name: Gale, Charles
name: Jeon, Sangyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large N QCD is mostly governed by planar diagrams and should show linear confinement when these diagrams are suitably summed. The linear confinement of quarks in a class of these theories using gravity duals that capture the logarithmic runnings of the coupling constants in the IR and strongly coupled asymptotic conformal behavior in the UV was studied in our previous work. We also extended the theories to high temperatures and argued the possibilities of meltings and suppressions of heavy quarkonium states. In this paper we give a formal proof of melting using very generic choices of UV completions, and point out some subtleties associated with meltings in generic large N theories. Our proof requires only the existence of well defined UV behaviors that are devoid of Landau poles and UV divergences of the Wilson loops, allowing degrees of freedom to increase monotonously with energy scale. We determine the melting temperatures of heavy quarkonium states, which could suggest the presence of deconfinement phase transitions in these theories.
description: 15 pages, LaTex file, 6 eps figures; v2: typos corrected and references added; v3: some additional typos corrected, and the draft slightly enlarged. Final version to appear in Physics Letters B
Regelung und Steuerung von überlagerten Hochwasserereignissen am Beispiel der Elbe
Creators: name: Mikovec, Robert
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014

description: The goal of this thesis is to show a possibility to managing of extreme superimposed flood events of the Elbe and Mulde Rivers. The control concept of polders was developed basing on the forecast and the uncertainty of the operational assessed observed flow data. The forecasted flood hydrograph was transformed using the routing model from upstream to downstream gauge to estimate the start of the filling. The flood on the Mulde was taken into account.
On the Effective Description of Large Volume Compactifications
Creators: name: Gallego, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the reliability of the Two-Step moduli stabilization in the type-IIB Large Volume Scenarios with matter and gauge interactions. The general analysis is based on a family of N=1 Supergravity models with a factorizable Kaehler invariant function, where the decoupling between two sets of fields without a mass hierarchy is easily understood. For the Large Volume Scenario particular analyses are performed for explicit models, one of such developed for the first time here, finding that the simplified version, where the Dilaton and Complex structure moduli are regarded as frozen by a previous stabilization, is a reliable supersymmetric description whenever the neglected fields stand at their leading F-flatness conditions and be neutral. The terms missed by the simplified approach are either suppressed by powers of the Calabi-Yau volume, or are higher order operators in the matter fields, and then irrelevant for the moduli stabilization rocedure. Although the power of the volume suppressing such corrections depends on the particular model, up to the mass level it is independent of the modular weight for the matter fields. This at least for the models studied here but we give arguments to expect the same in general. These claims are checked through numerical examples. We discuss how the factorizable models present a context where despite the lack of a hierarchy with the supersymmetry breaking scale, the effective theory still has a supersymmetric description. This can be understood from the fact that it is possible to find vanishing solution for the auxiliary components of the fields being integrated out, independently of the remaining dynamics. Our results settle down the question on the reliability of the way the Dilaton and Complex structure are treated in type-IIB compactifications with large compact manifold volumina.
description: 23 pages + 2 appendices (38 pages total). v2: minor improvements, typos fixed. Version published in JHEP
Analysis of nanostructures based on diffraction of X-ray radiation
Creators: name: Köhl, Martin
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: diffraction
X-rays
nanowires
in-situ
CXDI

description: Two topics are considered: (i) the analysis of time-resolved in situ X-ray diffraction studies of free-standing self-catalyzed GaAs nanowires grown on Si-111 (with a focus on the wurtzite zinc blende polytypism) and (ii) detailed investigations of reconstruction algorithms for coherent X-ray diffractive imaging of inhomogeneously strained nanostructures. Significant improvements of the applicability of the technique by proper modifications of the HIO+ER algorithm are demonstrated.
Modeling of beam customization devices in the pencil beam splitting algorithm for heavy charged particle radiotherapy
Creators: name: Kanematsu, Nobuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A broad-beam-delivery system for heavy-charged-particle radiotherapy often employs multiple collimators and a range-compensating filter, which potentially offer complex beam customization. In treatment planning, it is however difficult for a conventional pencil-beam algorithm to deal with these structures due to beam-size growth during transport. This study aims to resolve the problem with a novel computational model. The pencil beams are initially defined at the range compensating filter with angular-acceptance correction for the upstream collimators followed by the range compensation effects. They are individually transported with possible splitting near the downstream collimator edges to deal with its fine structure. The dose distribution for a carbon-ion beam was calculated and compared with existing experimental data. The penumbra sizes of various collimator edges agreed between them to a submillimeter level. This beam-customization model will complete an accurate and efficient dose-calculation algorithm for treatment planning with heavy charged particles.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Next generation sequencing to determine a genetic cause of familial intracranial aneurysms
Creators: name: Hitchcock, Emma Catherine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Intracranial aneurysms (IA), a common disease that occurs when cerebral arteries weaken and expand, can lead to subarachnoid hemorrhage upon rupture. The prevalence of IA is estimated to be around 3% and is known to increase with age. A small subset of the patient population has a familial form IA, where two or more first- to third- degree relatives have IA. At this time, one gene, THSD1, has been associated with familial IA (FIA). Here we present the preliminary findings from whole exome sequencing on five families diagnosed with FIA. Each family appears to have Mendelian segregation of disease (autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked) and has had their aneurysms clinically confirmed through brain imaging. Sequencing data from the proband of each family was used to identify family-specific candidate genes and was overlapped between families to identify genes that contain rare, possibly pathogenic variants in three or more families. Four genes -- DST, CRIPAK, DNAH1, and TTN --were found to contain rare variants in four out of the five families. Three top candidate genes were selected based on gene function or previous association to cerebral vascular disease from 38 genes that contain rare variants in three out of the five families.
Efficient Many-Light Rendering of Scenes with Participating Media
Creators: name: Novák, Jan
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: rendering
many-lights
participating media

description: We present several approaches based on virtual lights that aim at capturing the light transport without compromising quality, and while preserving the elegance and efficiency of many-light rendering. By reformulating the integration scheme, we obtain two numerically efficient techniques; one tailored specifically for interactive, high-quality lighting on surfaces, and one for handling scenes with participating media.
Detecting coherent structures using braids
Creators: name: Allshouse, Michael R.
name: Thiffeault, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The detection of coherent structures is an important problem in fluid dynamics, particularly in geophysical applications. For instance, knowledge of how regions of fluid are isolated from each other allows prediction of the ultimate fate of oil spills. Existing methods detect Lagrangian coherent structures, which are barriers to transport, by examining the stretching field as given by finite-time Lyapunov exponents. These methods are very effective when the velocity field is well-determined, but in many applications only a small number of flow trajectories are known, for example when dealing with oceanic float data. We introduce a topological method for detecting invariant regions based on a small set of trajectories. In the method we regard the two-dimensional trajectory data as a braid in three dimensions, with time being the third coordinate. Invariant regions then correspond to trajectories that travel together and do not entangle other trajectories. We detect these regions by examining the growth of hypothetical loops surrounding sets of trajectories, and searching for loops that show negligible growth.
description: 23 pages, 22 figures. PDFLaTeX with RevTeX4-1 format. Minor corrections to the text
Eine Methode zur Objektivierung der Zielgröße Energieeffizienz für die Produktprofildefinition im Kontext des Design to Energy Efficiency =
A Method for Objectivization of Energy Efficiency as a Design Objective for the Definition of Product Profiles in Design to Energy Efficiency
Creators: name: Martin, Paul
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Produktentwicklung
Energieeffizienz
Design to Energy Efficiency

description: Ein differenziertes Verständnis der Energieeffizienz als Zielgröße ist eine wesentliche Voraussetzung für ihre zielführende Verwendung bei der Definition von Produktprofilen. In dieser Arbeit wird eine Methode vorgestellt, die eine systematische Identifikation und Abgrenzung der wesentlichen Zielaspekte sowie die Ableitung entsprechender Kenngrößen unterstützt. Sie dient somit der Entwicklung eines objektivierten Zielverständnisses der Energieeffizienz und deren Operationalisierung.
АДМИНИСТРАТИВНО-ПРАВОВЫЕ ОСНОВЫ ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЯ ПРОПАГАНДЕ НЕТРАДИЦИОННЫХ СЕКСУАЛЬНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ, ПЕДОФИЛИИ И СМЕНЫ ПОЛА: ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРАВОРЕАЛИЗАЦИИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ УСОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ
Creators: name: Ковалишина К.В.
name: Евсикова Е.В.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2023
Subjects: административные правонарушения
административная ответственность
пропаганда
смена пола
педофилия
производство по делам об административных правонарушениях.

description: В настоящей статье анализируются административно-правовые основы противодействия пропаганде нетрадиционных сексуальных отношений, педофилии и смены пола, действующее административно-деликтное законодательство, в частности, положения об ответственности, предусмотренные статьями 6.21, 6.21.1 и 6.21.2 Кодекса Российской Федерации об административных правонарушениях, рассмотрены ключевые проблемные моменты, осложняющие применение указанных норм при привлечении к ответственности нарушителей законодательства. Сделаны предложения по усовершенствованию законодательства в указанной сфере.
АГЕНТСКАЯ ПРОБЛЕМА В КОРПОРАТИВНОМ УПРАВЛЕНИИ
Creators: name: Грицай И.И.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2023
Subjects: агенты
агентские издержки
агентская проблема
акционеры
корпоративное управление
собственники и управляющие
транзакционные издержки.

description: В современных условиях происходит постепенный переход к цивилизованным практикам ведения бизнеса в России, что предполагает развитие институтов корпоративного менеджмента, построение цивилизованных отношений с акционерами. Это должно привести к построению четкой и прозрачной системы управления компанией, основанной на понятных правилах для всех заинтересованных лиц (стейкхолдеров). Данные процессы сопровождаются делегированием полномочий от собственников в руки наемных менеджеров, что приводит появлению так называемой агентской проблемы (в том числе агентских издержек). В рамках настоящей статьи сделана попытка рассмотреть сущность и причины появления агентской проблемы в корпоративном управлении, а также рассматриваются возможные механизмы корпоративного менеджмента, снижающие уровень агентских издержек.
Search for the rare decay B_s^0->mu^+mu^-
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
name: al, V. Abazov et
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a search for the flavor changing neutral current decay B_s^0->mu^+mu^- using 6.1 fb^-1 of ppbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV collected by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The observed number of B_s^0 candidates is consistent with background expectations. The resulting upper limit on the branching fraction is BR(B_s^0->mu^+mu^-) < 5.1 x 10^-8 at the 95% C.L. This limit is a factor of 2.4 better than that of the previous D0 analysis and the best limit to date.
description: Published in Phys. Lett. B
Evolutionary tracks of tidally stirred disky dwarf galaxies
Creators: name: Lokas, Ewa L.
name: Kazantzidis, Stelios
name: Mayer, Lucio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using collisionless N-body simulations, we investigate the tidal evolution of late-type, rotationally supported dwarfs inside Milky Way-sized host galaxies. Our study focuses on a wide variety of dwarf orbital configurations and initial structures. During the evolution, the disky dwarfs undergo strong mass loss, the stellar disks are transformed into spheroids, and rotation is replaced by random motions of the stars. Thus, the late-type progenitors are transformed into early-type dwarfs as envisioned by the tidal stirring model for the formation of dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxies in the Local Group. We determine the photometric properties of the dwarfs, including the total visual magnitude, the half-light radius and the central surface brightness as they would be measured by an observer near the galactic center. Special emphasis is also placed on studying their kinematics and shapes. We demonstrate that the measured values are biased by a number of observational effects including the increasing angle of the observation cone near the orbital pericenter, the fact that away from the pericenter the tidal tails are typically oriented along the line of sight, and the fact that for most of the evolution the stellar components of the dwarfs are triaxial ellipsoids whose major axis tumbles with respect to the line of sight. Finally, we compare the measured properties of the simulated dwarfs to those of dwarf galaxies in the Local Group. The evolutionary tracks of the dwarfs in different parameter planes and the correlations between their different properties, especially the total magnitude and the surface brightness, strongly suggest that present-day dSph galaxies may have indeed formed from late-type progenitors as proposed by the tidal stirring scenario.
description: 18 pages, 20 figures, 2 tables, revised version with two new figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Feller Processes: The Next Generation in Modeling. Brownian Motion, Lévy Processes and Beyond
Creators: name: Böttcher, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J25, 65C20, 00A72

description: We present a simple construction method for Feller processes and a framework for the generation of sample paths of Feller processes. The construction is based on state space dependent mixing of Lévy processes. Brownian Motion is one of the most frequently used continuous time Markov processes in applications. In recent years also Lévy processes, of which Brownian Motion is a special case, have become increasingly popular. Lévy processes are spatially homogeneous, but empirical data often suggest the use of spatially inhomogeneous processes. Thus it seems necessary to go to the next level of generalization: Feller processes. These include Lévy processes and in particular Brownian motion as special cases but allow spatial inhomogeneities. Many properties of Feller processes are known, but proving the very existence is, in general, very technical. Moreover, an applicable framework for the generation of sample paths of a Feller process was missing. We explain, with practitioners in mind, how to overcome both of these obstacles. In particular our simulation technique allows to apply Monte Carlo methods to Feller processes.
description: 22 pages, including 4 figures and 8 pages of source code for the generation of sample paths of Feller processes
Rolle der Helikase RTEL1 in DNA-Reparatur, Rekombination sowie in der Telomerstabilität in Arabidopsis thaliana
Creators: name: Recker, Julia
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: DNA-Helikase
RTEL1
Arabidopsis
Telomer
DNA-Reparatur

description: In Arabidopsis thaliana, the DNA helicase RTEL1 plays multiple roles in preserving genome stability. RTEL1 suppresses homologous recombination and is involved in interstrand and intrastrand DNA cross-link repair. RTEL1 contributes to telomere homeostasis. The concurrent loss of RTEL1 and the telomerase TERT leads to rapid, severe telomere shortening, which occurs much more rapidly than it does in the single-mutant line tert, resulting in developmental arrest after four generations.
Quantum Kinetic Theory of Collisionless Superfluid Internal Convection
Creators: name: Gilz, Lukas
name: Anglin, James R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superfluids can transport heat via simultaneous opposite flows of their spatially interpenetrating condensate and thermal components. While this internal convection is usually described within Landau's phenomenological two fluid hydrodynamics, we apply quantum kinetic theory to a dilute Bose gas held beween thermal reservoirs at different temperatures, and show that the phenomenon also appears in collisionless kinetic regimes, and should be directly observable in currently feasible experiments on trapped ultracold vapors.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
A new proof of Doob's theorem
Creators: name: Gerlach, Moritz
name: Nittka, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A10 (Primary) 47G10, 47D07 (Secondary)

description: We prove that every bounded, positive, irreducible, stochastically continuous semigroup on the space of bounded, measurable functions which is strong Feller, consists of kernel operators and possesses an invariant measure converges pointwise. This differs from Doob's theorem in that we do not require the semigroup to be Markovian and request a fairly weak kind of irreducibility. In addition, we elaborate on the various notions of kernel operators in this context, show the stronger result that the adjoint semigroup converges strongly and discuss as an example diffusion equations on rough domains. The proofs are based on the theory of positive semigroups and do not use probability theory.
description: 15 pages, 0 figures. Revised version with minor changes, Referee's comments have been incorporated
Hidden Conformal Symmetry of Warped AdS_3 Black Holes
Creators: name: Fareghbal, Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that for a certain low frequency limit the wave equation of a generic massive scalar field in the background of the spacelike warped AdS_3 black hole can be written as the Casimir of an SL(2,R) symmetry. Two sets of SL(2,R) generators are found which uncover the hidden SL(2,R)\times SL(2,R) symmetry of the solution. This symmetry is only locally defined and is spontaneously broken to U(1)\times U(1) by a periodic identification of the ϕcoordinate. By using the generator of the identification we read the left and right temperatures (T_L,T_R) of the proposed dual conformal field theory which are in complete agreement with the WAdS/CFT conjecture. Moreover, under the above condition of the scalar wave frequency, absorption cross section of the scalar field is consistent with the two-point function of the dual CFT.
description: 12 pages; V2: references added, minor correction; V3: published version, minor clarification in section 3, typos corrected, one reference added
АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИ-ЗНАЧИМЫХ МЕР ПРИ ПОДГОТОВКЕ ЛИЧНОГО СОСТАВА ОВД К ЭКСТРЕМАЛЬНЫМ УСЛОВИЯМ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ
Creators: name: Казберов П.Н.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2023
Subjects: профессионально-психологическая подготовка
управление
организация подготовкой
экстремальные условия
личный состав
последствия
исследование
метод.

description: Актуальность профессионально-психологической подготовки личного состава органов внутренних дел к экстремальным условиям служебной деятельности не теряет своей значимости, наоборот, она все более привлекает все новых исследователей солидным багажом своего опыта. Этот опыт характеризует многогранность этого непростого явления – подготовки сотрудников к экстремальным условиям служебной деятельности. Наиболее известными экспертами вопроса профессионально-психологической подготовки личного состава помимо специфико-психологических мер, реализуемых в основном самими психологами, в числе также эффективных определяют психологически-значимые меры, к которым относятся меры общеорганизационного характера: организация управления и формы (способы) выполнения профессиональных задач, различные виды обеспечения (материальное, техническое и т.д.). Экспертами отмечается, что меры общеорганизационного характера оказывают на личный состав ОВД, которому предстоит выполнять профессиональные задачи в экстремальных условиях, опосредованное (не специфическое) влияние. Опыт исследования результатов профессионально-психологической подготовки сотрудников ОВД показал, что подготовка системы управления силами и средствами, в частности контртеррористической деятельности на Северном Кавказе в 2000-2002 годах, имела четкое и детальное теоретическое обоснование и как следствие должна была обеспечить высокий уровень эффективности взаимодействия различных подразделений, служб и сотрудников ОВД на практике в экстремальных условиях. Но, в реальности реализация системы управления подготовкой имела свои недостатки и нередко это сказывалось на психологическом состоянии личного состава. Такое положение определяет весомость психологически-значимых мер, в процессе подготовки личного состава.
Hydrodesoxygenierung von Biomasse Plattform-Chemikalien: katalytische Umsetzung von Guaiacol, Furfural und 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural
Creators: name: Hellinger, Melanie Katrin
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014

description: Der Inhalt der Arbeit behandelt die Hydrodesoxygenierung von Guaiacol, Furfural und 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural als repräsentative Vertreter der im Bio-Öl vorhandenen funktionellen Gruppen und Komponenten. Ziel ist die Hydrodesoxygenierung von Guaiacol zu Benzol oder Cyclohexan, Furfural zu 2-Methylfuran und von 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural zu 2,5-Dimethylfuran in hoher Produktausbeute und -reinheit zu ermöglichen.
The diffusion-induced nova scenario. CK Vul and PB 8 as possible observational counterparts
Creators: name: Bertolami, Marcelo M. Miller
name: Althaus, Leandro G.
name: Olano, Carlos
name: Jimenez, Noelia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scenario for the formation of DA white dwarfs with very thin helium buffers. For these stars we explore the possible occurrence of diffusion-induced CNO- flashes, during their early cooling stage. In order to obtain very thin helium buffers, we simulate the formation of low mass remnants through an AGB final/late thermal pulse (AFTP/LTP scenario). Then we calculate the consequent white dwarf cooling evolution by means of a consistent treatment of element diffusion and nuclear burning. Based on physically sounding white dwarf models, we find that the range of helium buffer masses for these diffusion-induced novas to occur is significantly smaller than that predicted by the only previous study of this scenario. As a matter of fact, we find that these flashes do occur only in some low-mass (M < 0.6M) and low metallicity (Z_ZAMS <0.001) remnants about 10^6 - 10^7 yr after departing from the AGB. For these objects, we expect the luminosity to increase by about 4 orders of magnitude in less than a decade. We also show that diffusion-induced novas should display a very typical eruption lightcurve, with an increase of about a few magnitudes per year before reaching a maximum of M_V ~ -5 to -6. Our simulations show that surface abundances after the outburst are characterized by logNH/NHe ~ -0.15...0.6 and N>C>O by mass fractions. Contrary to previous speculations we show that these events are not recurrent and do not change substantially the final H-content of the cool (DA) white dwarf. (Abridged)
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables. Replaced to match the final version published by MNRAS. The definitive version is available at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291365-2966
Exploring the Mechanisms of Three-Dimensional Direct Laser Writing by Multi-Photon Polymerization
Creators: name: Müller, Jonathan Benedikt
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015
Subjects: laser lithography
multi-photon absorption
free radical polymerization
3D printing
nano structuring

description: This thesis targets the experimental investigation of the microscopic mechanisms of direct laser writing by multi-photon polymerization. Due to the small reaction volume and the high exposure intensity, the reaction conditions are very specific in this case. Therefore, standard reaction models are adapted on the basis of experiments on the excitation mechanism, the local heating, the influence of oxygen quenching and oxygen diffusion, and the duration of the polymerization reaction.
АНАЛИЗ АКТУАЛЬНОСТИ ПРИНЯТИЯ ЗАКОНА О ДОМАШНЕМ НАСИЛИИ
Creators: name: Жмурова С.С.
name: Репина М.Г.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2023
Subjects: семейно-бытовое насилие
жертва
декриминализация
законопроект
профилактика.

description: В статье рассматривается проблема правового регулирования семейного насилия в Российской Федерации. Домашнее насилие является одной из острейших проблем современности. Наличие семейно-бытового насилия свидетельствует о неполадках в общественных отношениях в целом. Государство не может находиться в стороне от данной проблемы, более того, его реакция является показательной. Высокий уровень семейно-бытового насилия, угрожает основам безопасности общества, наносит ущерб морально-нравственным основам, отрицательно отражается на развитии страны в целом. Решение данной проблемы может быть достигнуто при наличии совокупности методов и подходов, направленных на предотвращение насильственных действий, разработке мер направленных на реабилитацию жертв насилия, а также создание действующей нормативно-правовой базы, регулирующей не только вопросы ответственности за правонарушения и преступления, допущенные в семье, но и ответственности должностных лиц, не выполняющих, а зачастую нарушающих закон или затягивающих выполнение своих служебных обязанностей.