cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Parachorius fukiensis
Creators: name: Tarasov, Sergei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Parachorius
Parachorius fukiensis

description: Parachorius fukiensis (Balthasar, 1960)
Cassolus fukiensis Balthasar, 1960: 90 (type locality: Kuatun, Fújiàn Province, China); Balthasar 1963: 261
Parachorius fukiensis: Tarasov 2017: 119
Cassolus laosensis Ochi, Kon & Higurashi, 2017: 73 (type locality: Nong Phet, Xieng Khouang, Laos), new synonymy
In the original description, the authors compare C. laosensis only with P. nudus (Sharp, 1875) from Cambodia [Cassolus is a junior synonym of Parachorius (Tarasov 2017)] and do not assess the species identity of C. laosensis against many other Parachorius species occurring in Indochina. However, the authors provide the detailed illustrations and description of C. laosensis that allow comparing this species to the other representatives of Parachorius. The main diagnostic characters listed for C. laosensis are: (1) first tooth notably modified in males, approximately twice as wide as second tooth (Fig. 3 in Ochi et al. 2017b), (2) metafemoral posterior margin in males not serrate, simple, or dilated in apical third of metafemur and produced in angle (Fig. 7 in Ochi et al. 2017b), (3) metatibia slightly sinuate, inner margin not denticulate, produced in small angle apically (Fig. 6 in Ochi et al. 2017b), (4) aedeagus with symmetrical parameres which emarginate superiorly, their apex rounded (Figs. 11–12 in Ochi et al. 2017b). These characters clearly indicate that C. laosensis is conspecific with the earlier described species P. fukiensis (see Fig. 8 in Tarasov 2017) that occurs in southeast China, Laos, and Vietnam, and is also known from the similar geographic locality as that of C. laosensis (namely, Xieng Khouang prov., Laos). Thus, I can confidently conclude that C. laosensis is a junior synonym of P. fukiensis.
description: Published as part of Tarasov, Sergei, 2018, Two new synonyms in the dung beetle genus Parachorius (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) from the Oriental Region, pp. 139-140 in Zootaxa 4462 (1) on page 139, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4462.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/1441455
Objective-Based Hierarchical Clustering of Deep Embedding Vectors
Creators: name: Naumov, Stanislav
name: Yaroslavtsev, Grigory
name: Avdiukhin, Dmitrii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We initiate a comprehensive experimental study of objective-based hierarchical clustering methods on massive datasets consisting of deep embedding vectors from computer vision and NLP applications. This includes a large variety of image embedding (ImageNet, ImageNetV2, NaBirds), word embedding (Twitter, Wikipedia), and sentence embedding (SST-2) vectors from several popular recent models (e.g. ResNet, ResNext, Inception V3, SBERT). Our study includes datasets with up to $4.5$ million entries with embedding dimensions up to $2048$. In order to address the challenge of scaling up hierarchical clustering to such large datasets we propose a new practical hierarchical clustering algorithm B++&C. It gives a 5%/20% improvement on average for the popular Moseley-Wang (MW) / Cohen-Addad et al. (CKMM) objectives (normalized) compared to a wide range of classic methods and recent heuristics. We also introduce a theoretical algorithm B2SAT&C which achieves a $0.74$-approximation for the CKMM objective in polynomial time. This is the first substantial improvement over the trivial $2/3$-approximation achieved by a random binary tree. Prior to this work, the best poly-time approximation of $\approx 2/3 + 0.0004$ was due to Charikar et al. (SODA'19).
INFLUENCE OF PLASTIFYING ADDITIVE ON THE GRANULOMETRIC COMPOSITION OF CEMENT
Creators: name: Narov, R.A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Results of the study of САFА plasticizing additive effect on grinding fineness, granulometric properties of concrete, obtained by combined grinding of the klinker with САFА additive in a spherical mill are given in the paper.
Kazakhithyas Smit, 2016, n. gen.
Creators: name: Smit, Harry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Hydryphantidae
Kazakhithyas

description: Kazakhithyas n. gen.
Diagnosis. Characters of the family Hydryphantidae; idiosoma papillate, papillae blunt and at their base striated; frontal eye absent (Fig. 3); lateral eyes in capsules; glandularia platelets absent (Fig. 1); genital field with moveable flaps and three pairs of acetabula, not fused to these flaps (Fig. 2); palp chelate (Fig. 5); legs claws large, each claw with two combs, one long and one short, and without clawlet or claw blade (Figs.7–8).
Type species: Kazakhithyas pectinatus n. sp.
Etymology. The name is a combination of Kazakhstan and Thyas and is of male gender.
Remarks. The genus has the plesiotypical number of acetabula of the Hydryphantidae. However, the large claws with the two combs is unique for the Hydryphantidae. Only in Pseudohydryphantes and Ignacarus a claw with a comb is present (Gerecke pers. comm.), but these genera differ either in integument structure (Pseudohydryphantes) or the presence of a large dorsal plate (Ignacarus). Moreover, Pseudohydryphantes has the leg claws with two fine dorsal clawlets (Di Sabatino et al. 2010).
description: Published as part of Smit, Harry, 2016, A new hydryphantid genus from the Tien Shan Mountains of Kazakhstan (Acari, Hydrachnidia: Hydryphantidae), pp. 324-326 in Zootaxa 4200 (2) on page 324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4200.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/182229
A Weak Consensus Algorithm and Its Application to High-Performance Blockchain
Creators: name: Wang, Qin
name: Li, Rujia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A large number of consensus algorithms have been proposed. However, the requirement of strict consistency limits their wide adoption, especially in high-performance required systems. In this paper, we propose a weak consensus algorithm that only maintains the consistency of relative positions between the messages. We apply this consensus algorithm to construct a high-performance blockchain system, called \textit{Sphinx}. We implement the system with 32k+ lines of code including all components like consensus/P2P/ledger/etc. The evaluations show that Sphinx can reach a peak throughput of 43k TPS (with 8 full nodes), which is significantly faster than current blockchain systems such as Ethereum given the same experimental environment. To the best of our knowledge, we present the first weak consensus algorithm with a fully implemented blockchain system.
description: IEEE INFOCOM 2021, May 2021, Online, France
Optimal Investment and Consumption under a Habit-Formation Constraint
Creators: name: Angoshtari, Bahman
name: Bayraktar, Erhan
name: Young, Virginia R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 93E20, 91G10, 9101

description: We formulate an infinite-horizon optimal investment and consumption problem, in which an individual forms a habit based on the exponentially weighted average of her past consumption rate, and in which she invests in a Black-Scholes market. The individual is constrained to consume at a rate higher than a certain proportion $α$ of her consumption habit. Our habit-formation model allows for both addictive ($α=1$) and nonaddictive ($0<α<1$) habits. The optimal investment and consumption policies are derived explicitly in terms of the solution of a system of differential equations with free boundaries, which is analyzed in detail. If the wealth-to-habit ratio is below (resp. above) a critical level $x^*$, the individual consumes at (resp. above) the minimum rate and invests more (resp. less) aggressively in the risky asset. Numerical results show that the addictive habit formation requires significantly more wealth to support the same consumption rate compared to a moderately nonaddictive habit. Furthermore, an individual with a more addictive habit invests less in the risky asset compared to an individual with a less addictive habit but with the same wealth-to-habit ratio and risk aversion, which provides an explanation for the equity-premium puzzle.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures
title: Tyrants of truth
title: a genealogy of hyper-real politics
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Nøhr, Andreas Aagaard
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: J Political Science
subject: JC Political theory

description: This thesis challenges the widely accepted discourse of post-truth politics, which finds support in what is in this thesis referred to as ‘antinomy hypothesis’ – the belief that politics and truth are opposites and external to one another, where one exists the other disappear; truth is abstract and absolute, while politics is a theatre of appearances with no room for truth. In contrast, this thesis explores the conditions of possibility for thinking that we inhabit a world of post-truth politics, by proposing the concept of the ‘politics of truth’ – the struggle at the most general level of society where the true is separated from the false and where what gets to count as truth and reality is decided. If truth only has value in so far as it serves life then the central problem in the politics of truth, the thesis argues, is to establishes the socio-political limits of thought: how and by what practices is it possible for thought to test its own truth in politics? It is by erecting the epistemological space that sets out possible answers to this question that thought became the tyrant of truth, which today has taken form of hyper-real politics of truth. This thesis thus asks the genealogical question: what will or wills have shaped the politics of truth, so that it today has become hyper-real? To answer this question the thesis develops a theory of ‘traditions of thought’ based on the French school of Historical Epistemology. The rest of the thesis explores, in a series of chronological chapters spanning from Archaic Greece until today, how the politics of truth has been problematized in thought through the concepts of parrhēsia, exhortation, public critique, and hyper-real politics. In hyper-real politics of truth where the real is in the process of being replaced by its copy, there is no space for the difference of thought, only the positive mode of thought that affirms and produces more truth.
One Line To Rule Them All: Generating LO-Shot Soft-Label Prototypes
Creators: name: Sucholutsky, Ilia
name: Kim, Nam-Hwui
name: Browne, Ryan P.
name: Schonlau, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Increasingly large datasets are rapidly driving up the computational costs of machine learning. Prototype generation methods aim to create a small set of synthetic observations that accurately represent a training dataset but greatly reduce the computational cost of learning from it. Assigning soft labels to prototypes can allow increasingly small sets of prototypes to accurately represent the original training dataset. Although foundational work on `less than one'-shot learning has proven the theoretical plausibility of learning with fewer than one observation per class, developing practical algorithms for generating such prototypes remains an unexplored territory. We propose a novel, modular method for generating soft-label prototypical lines that still maintains representational accuracy even when there are fewer prototypes than the number of classes in the data. In addition, we propose the Hierarchical Soft-Label Prototype k-Nearest Neighbor classification algorithm based on these prototypical lines. We show that our method maintains high classification accuracy while greatly reducing the number of prototypes required to represent a dataset, even when working with severely imbalanced and difficult data. Our code is available at https://github.com/ilia10000/SLkNN.
description: 8 pages
title: What is important to know about extrapulmonary sarcoidosis?
Creators: name: Lupescu, Ioana
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Kidney
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Biopsy
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 14-year-old male patient presented with epistaxis and high blood pressure. His past medical history revealed Rolandic epilepsy since 2015. On admission, further investigations revealed normal cardiovascular examination, normal levels of creatinine and elevated plasmatic renin. A CT scan was performed to establish the cause of hypertension.

description: 14 years, male
Toward Machine Learned Highly Reduce Kinetic Models For Methane/Air Combustion
Creators: name: Kelly, Mark
name: Bourque, Gilles
name: Dooley, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurate low dimension chemical kinetic models for methane are an essential component in the design of efficient gas turbine combustors. Kinetic models coupled to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) provide quick and efficient ways to test the effect of operating conditions, fuel composition and combustor design compared to physical experiments. However, detailed chemical kinetic models are too computationally expensive for use in CFD. We propose a novel data orientated three-step methodology to produce compact models that replicate a target set of detailed model properties to a high fidelity. In the first step, a reduced kinetic model is obtained by removing all non-essential species from the detailed model containing 118 species using path flux analysis (PFA). It is then numerically optimised to replicate the detailed model's prediction in two rounds; First, to selected species (OH,H,CO and CH4) profiles in perfectly stirred reactor (PSR) simulations and then re-optimised to the detailed model's prediction of the laminar flame speed. This is implemented by a purposely developed Machine Learned Optimisation of Chemical Kinetics (MLOCK) algorithm. The MLOCK algorithm systematically perturbs all three Arrhenius parameters for selected reactions and assesses the suitability of the new parameters through an objective error function which quantifies the error in the compact model's calculation of the optimisation target. This strategy is demonstrated through the production of a 19 species and a 15 species compact model for methane/air combustion. Both compact models are validated across a range of 0D and 1D calculations across both lean and rich conditions and shows good agreement to the parent detailed mechanism. The 15 species model is shown to outperform the current state-of-art models in both accuracy and range of conditions the model is valid over.
description: Conference Paper: ASME Turbo Expo 2021
Modern Machine Learning and Particle Physics
Creators: name: Schwartz, Matthew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past five years, modern machine learning has been quietly revolutionizing particle physics. Old methodology is being outdated and entirely new ways of thinking about data are becoming commonplace. This article will review some aspects of the natural synergy between modern machine learning and particle physics, focusing on applications at the Large Hadron Collider. A sampling of examples is given, from signal/background discrimination tasks using supervised learning to direct data-driven approaches. Some comments on persistent challenges and possible future directions for the field are included at the end.
High-order implicit time integration scheme based on Padé expansions
Creators: name: Song, Chongmin
name: Eisenträger, Sascha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: J.2; G.1.3; G.1.8
subject: 65M22

description: A single-step high-order implicit time integration scheme for the solution of transient and wave propagation problems is presented. It is constructed from the Padé expansions of the matrix exponential solution of a system of first-order ordinary differential equations formulated in the state-space. A computationally efficient scheme is developed exploiting the techniques of polynomial factorization and partial fractions of rational functions, and by decoupling the solution for the displacement and velocity vectors. An important feature of the novel algorithm is that no direct inversion of the mass matrix is required. From the diagonal Padé expansion of order $M$ a time-stepping scheme of order $2M$ is developed. Here, each elevation of the accuracy by two orders results in an additional system of real or complex sparse equations to be solved. These systems are comparable in complexity to the standard Newmark method, i.e., the effective system matrix is a linear combination of the static stiffness, damping, and mass matrices. It is shown that the second-order scheme is equivalent to Newmark's constant average acceleration method, often also referred to as trapezoidal rule. The proposed time integrator has been implemented in MATLAB using the built-in direct linear equation solvers. In this article, numerical examples featuring nearly one million degrees of freedom are presented. High-accuracy and efficiency in comparison with common second-order time integration schemes are observed. The MATLAB-implementation is available from the authors upon request or from the GitHub repository (to be added).
description: 43 pages, 19 figures
Fast Gradient Methods for Uniformly Convex and Weakly Smooth Problems
Creators: name: Park, Jongho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C25, 68Q25, 65K05, 65B99

description: In this paper, acceleration of gradient methods for convex optimization problems with weak levels of convexity and smoothness is considered. Starting from the universal fast gradient method which was designed to be an optimal method for weakly smooth problems whose gradients are Hölder continuous, its momentum is modified appropriately so that it can also accommodate uniformly convex and weakly smooth problems. Different from the existing works, fast gradient methods proposed in this paper do not use the restarting technique but use momentums that are suitably designed to reflect both the uniform convexity and the weak smoothness information of the target energy function. Both theoretical and numerical results that support the superiority of proposed methods are presented.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures
Superconductivity above 200 K Observed in Superhydrides of Calcium
Creators: name: Li, Z.
name: He, X.
name: Zhang, C. L.
name: Wang, X. C.
name: Zhang, S. J.
name: Jia, Y. T.
name: Feng, S. M.
name: Lu, K.
name: Zhao, J. F.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Min, B. S.
name: Long, Y. W.
name: Yu, R. C.
name: Wang, L. H.
name: Ye, M. Y.
name: Zhang, Z. S.
name: Prakapenka, V.
name: Chariton, S.
name: Ginsberg, P. A.
name: Bass, J.
name: Yuan, S. H.
name: Liu, H. Z.
name: Jin, C. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searching for superconductivity with Tc near room temperature is of great interest both for fundamental science & many potential applications. Here we report the experimental discovery of superconductivity with maximum critical temperature (Tc) above 210 K in calcium superhydrides, the new alkali earth hydrides experimentally showing superconductivity above 200 K in addition to sulfur hydride & rare-earth hydride system. The materials are synthesized at the synergetic conditions of 160~190 GPa and ~2000 K using diamond anvil cell combined with in-situ laser heating technique. The superconductivity was studied through in-situ high pressure electric conductance measurements in an applied magnetic field for the sample quenched from high temperature while maintained at high pressures. The upper critical field Hc(0) was estimated to be ~268 T while the GL coherent length is ~11 angstrom. The in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements suggest that the synthesized calcium hydrides are primarily composed of CaH6 while there may also exist other calcium hydrides with different hydrogen contents.
Compactivorous Sets in Banach Spaces
Creators: name: Ravasini, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B20 (primary) 46B50, 54H11 (secondary)

description: A set $E$ in a Banach space $X$ is compactivorous if for every compact set $K$ in $X$ there is a nonempty, (relatively) open subset of $K$ which can be translated into $E$. In a separable Banach space, this is a sufficient condition which guarantees the Haar nonnegligibility of Borel subsets. We give some characterisations of this property in both separable and nonseparable Banach spaces and prove an extension of the main theorem to countable products of locally compact Polish groups.
description: 8 pages; v4: Example of a nonfattening group has been added. Version accepted for pubblication
Risk, rationality, and resilience
Creators: name: Jaeger, C.
Publisher: name: Beijing : Beijing Normal University Press
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: integrated risk governance
subject: rationality
subject: resilience
subject: risk
subject: 360

description: Improving our ability to cope with large risks is one of the key challenges for humankind in this century. This article outlines a research program in this perspective. Starting with a concrete example of a relatively small disaster, it questions simplistic ideas of rationality. It then proposes a fresh look at the concepts of probability and utility in the context of socio-ecological systems. This leads first to an emphasis on the problem of equilibrium selection, and then to a distinction between three kinds of resilience that matter both for theory and practice of risk management. They can be investigated by paying attention to the transitions into and out of actual disasters.
Sub-MHz spectral dip in a resonator-free twisted gain medium
Creators: name: Choksi, Neel
name: Liu, Yi
name: Ghasemi, Rojina
name: Qian, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-narrow optical spectral features resulting from highly dispersive light-matter interactions are essential for a broad range of applications such as spectroscopy, slow-light, and high-precision sensing. Features approaching sub-MHz, or equivalently, Q-factors approaching ~1 billion and beyond, are challenging to obtain in solid-state systems, ultimately limited by loss. We present a novel approach to achieve tunable sub-MHz spectral features, at room temperature, without resonators. We exploit gain-enhanced polarization pulling in a twisted birefringent medium where polarization eigenmodes are frequency-dependent. Using Brillouin gain in a commercial spun fiber, we experimentally achieve a 0.72 MHz spectral dip, the narrowest backward Brillouin scattering feature ever reported. Further optimization can potentially reduce the linewidth to <0.1 MHz. Our approach is simple and broadly applicable, offering on-demand tunability and high sensitivity, with a wide range of applications such as microwave photonic filters, slow and fast light, and optical sensing.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, Journal article
On the Hardy property of mixed means
Creators: name: Pasteczka, Paweł
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Hardy property of means has been extensively studied by Páles and Pasteczka since 2016. The core of this research is based on few of their properties: concavity, symmetry, monotonicity, repetition invariance and homogeneity (last axiom was recently omitted using some homogenizations techniques). In the present paper we deliver a study of possible omitting monotonicity and replacing repetition invariance by a weaker axiom. These results are then used to establish the Hardy constant for certain types of mixed means.
Ratio limits and Martin boundary
Creators: name: Woess, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Consider an irreducible Markov chain which satisfies a ratio limit theorem, and let $ρ$ be the spectral radius of the chain. We investigate the relation of the the $ρ\,$-Martin boundary with the boundary induced by the $ρ\,$-harmonic kernel which appears in the ratio limit. Special emphasis is on random walks on non-amenable groups, specifically, free groups and hyperbolic groups.
Solenoid-free current drive via ECRH in EXL-50 spherical torus plasmas
Creators: name: Shi, Yuejiang
name: Liu, Bing
name: Song, Shaodong
name: Song, Yunyang
name: Song, Xianming
name: Tong, Bowei
name: Cheng, Shikui
name: Liu, Wenjun
name: Wang, Minyuan
name: Sun, Tiantian
name: Guo, Dong
name: Li, Songjian
name: Li, Yingying
name: Chen, Bin
name: Gu, Xiang
name: Cai, Jianqing
name: Luo, Di
name: Banerjee, Debabrata
name: Zhao, Xin
name: Yang, Yuanming
name: Luo, Wenwu
name: Zhou, Peihai
name: Wang, Yu
name: Ishida, A.
name: Maekawa, T.
name: Liu, Minsheng
name: Yuan, Baoshan
name: Peng, Y-K Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a new spherical tokamak (ST) designed to simplify engineering requirements of a possible future fusion power source, the EXL-50 experiment features a low aspect ratio (A) vacuum vessel (VV), encircling a central post assembly containing the toroidal field coil conductors without a central solenoid. Multiple electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) resonances are located within the VV to improve current drive effectiveness. Copious energetic electrons are produced and measured with hard X-ray detectors, carry the bulk of the plasma current ranging from 50kA to 150kA, which is maintained for more than 1s duration. It is observed that over one Ampere current can be maintained per Watt of ECRH power issued from the 28-GHz gyrotrons. The plasma current reaches Ip>80kA for high density (>5e18me-2) discharge with 150kW ECHR heating. An analysis was carried out combining reconstructed multi-fluid equilibrium, guiding-center orbits of energetic electrons, and resonant heating mechanisms. It is verified that in EXL-50 a broadly distributed current of energetic electrons creates smaller closed magnetic-flux surfaces of low aspect ratio that in turn confine the thermal plasma electrons and ions and participate in maintaining the equilibrium force-balance.
Introduction To The Proceedings Of The Third Annual Student Research Festival
Creators: name: Bemben, Alicja
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: intro, literary studies
subject: https://studentresearchfestival.files.wordpress.com/2016/07/proceedings31.pdf

description: This is the introduction to the collection entitled Proceedings of the Third Annual Student Research

Festival.
Medical gas plasma promotes blood coagulation via platelet activation
Creators: name: Bekeschus, Sander
name: Poschkamp, Broder
name: Van Der Linde, Julia
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Hemostasis
subject: Oxidation
subject: Plasma technology
subject: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species
subject: Surgery
subject: kINPen
subject: 570

description: Major blood loss still is a risk factor during surgery. Electrocauterization often is used for necrotizing the tissue and thereby halts bleeding (hemostasis). However, the carbonized tissue is prone to falling off, putting patients at risk of severe side effects, such as dangerous internal bleeding many hours after surgery. We have developed a medical gas plasma jet technology as an alternative to electrocauterization and investigated its hemostatic (blood clotting) effects and mechanisms of action using whole human blood. The gas plasma efficiently coagulated anticoagulated donor blood, which resulted from the local lysis of red blood cells (hemolysis). Image cytometry further showed enhanced platelet aggregation. Gas plasmas release reactive oxygen species (ROS), but neither scavenging of long-lived ROS nor addition of chemically-generated ROS were able to abrogate or recapitulate the gas plasma effect, respectively. However, platelet activation was markedly impaired in platelet-rich plasma when compared to gas plasma-treated whole blood that moreover contained significant amounts of hemoglobin indicative of red blood cell lysis (hemolysis). Finally, incubation of whole blood with concentration-matched hemolysates phenocopied the gas plasmas-mediated platelet activation. These results will spur the translation of plasma systems for hemolysis into clinical practice.
All Topological Bands of All Nonmagnetic Stoichiometric Materials
Creators: name: Vergniory, Maia G.
name: Wieder, Benjamin J.
name: Elcoro, Luis
name: Parkin, Stuart S. P.
name: Felser, Claudia
name: Bernevig, B. Andrei
name: Regnault, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological Quantum Chemistry and Symmetry-Based Indicators have facilitated large-scale searches for materials with topological properties at the Fermi energy ($E_{F}$). We report the completion of a publicly accessible catalog of stable and fragile topology in all of the bands both at and away from $E_{F}$ in the 96,196 processable entries in the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database. Our calculations represent the completion of the symmetry-indicated band topology of known nonmagnetic materials, and enable the discovery of repeat-topological and supertopological materials, which include rhombohedral bismuth and Bi$_2$Mg$_3$. We find that 52.65% of all materials are topological at $E_{F}$, roughly $2/3$ of bands across all materials exhibit symmetry-indicated stable topology, and that 87.99% of all materials contain at least one stable or fragile topological band.
description: 212 pages, 108 figures, 34 tables. Final version. The Topological Materials Database is available either at the website https://www.topologicalquantumchemistry.com or its mirror https://www.topologicalquantumchemistry.fr
Europium Clustering and Glassy Magnetic Behavior in Inorganic Clathrate-VIII Eu8Ga16Ge30
Creators: name: Pérez, Nicolás
name: Sahoo, Manaswini
name: Schierning, Gabi
name: Nielsch, Kornelius
name: Nolas, George S.
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: clathrate
subject: thermoelectric
subject: magnetic glass
subject: transport
subject: 600

description: The temperature- and field-dependent, electrical and thermal properties of inorganic clathrate-VIII Eu8Ga16Ge30 were investigated. The type VIII clathrates were obtained from the melt of elements as reported previously. Specifically, the electrical resistivity data show hysteretic magnetoresistance at low temperatures, and the Seebeck coefficient and Hall data indicate magnetic interactions that affect the electronic structure in this material. Heat capacity and thermal conductivity data corroborate these findings and reveal the complex behavior due to Eu2+ magnetic ordering and clustering from approximately 13 to 4 K. Moreover, the low-frequency dynamic response indicates Eu8Ga16Ge30 to be a glassy magnetic system. In addition to advancing our fundamental understanding of the physical properties of this material, our results can be used to further the research for potential applications of interest in the fields of magnetocalorics or thermoelectrics.
Progress toward fusion energy breakeven and gain as measured against the Lawson criterion
Creators: name: Wurzel, Samuel E.
name: Hsu, Scott C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lawson criterion is a key concept in the pursuit of fusion energy, relating the fuel density $n$, pulse duration $τ$ or energy confinement time $τ_E$, and fuel temperature $T$ to the energy gain $Q$ of a fusion plasma. The purpose of this paper is to explain and review the Lawson criterion and to provide a compilation of achieved parameters for a broad range of historical and contemporary fusion experiments. Although this paper focuses on the Lawson criterion, it is only one of many equally important factors in assessing the progress and ultimate likelihood of any fusion concept becoming a commercially viable fusion-energy system. Only experimentally measured or inferred values of $n$, $τ$ or $τ_E$, and $T$ that have been published in the peer-reviewed literature are included in this paper, unless noted otherwise. For extracting these parameters, we discuss methodologies that are necessarily specific to different fusion approaches (including magnetic, inertial, and magneto-inertial fusion). This paper is intended to serve as a reference for fusion researchers and a tutorial for all others interested in fusion energy.
description: This manuscript has been submitted for publication. Comments and corrections are welcome. We especially welcome you to bring to our attention if/when new papers are published with new record Lawson parameters and triple products for various fusion concepts. Please email the first author at the provided email address at the bottom of p. 1 of the manuscript
An error analysis of generative adversarial networks for learning distributions
Creators: name: Huang, Jian
name: Jiao, Yuling
name: Li, Zhen
name: Liu, Shiao
name: Wang, Yang
name: Yang, Yunfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper studies how well generative adversarial networks (GANs) learn probability distributions from finite samples. Our main results establish the convergence rates of GANs under a collection of integral probability metrics defined through Hölder classes, including the Wasserstein distance as a special case. We also show that GANs are able to adaptively learn data distributions with low-dimensional structures or have Hölder densities, when the network architectures are chosen properly. In particular, for distributions concentrated around a low-dimensional set, we show that the learning rates of GANs do not depend on the high ambient dimension, but on the lower intrinsic dimension. Our analysis is based on a new oracle inequality decomposing the estimation error into the generator and discriminator approximation error and the statistical error, which may be of independent interest.
A New Eit Instrument For Lung Function Monitoring
Creators: name: Wright, Paul
name: Green, Peter M
name: Crabb, Michael
name: Ouypornkochagorn, Taweechai
name: McCann, Hugh
name: Lionheart, William
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: EIT
hardware
noise
lung

description: This talk introduces a new instrument for electrical impedance tomography (EIT) of the chest. The instrument is intended to provide a flexible, high-performance platform for development of tools for ventilation monitoring and control in critical-care settings.
Deep Source-Channel Coding for Sentence Semantic Transmission with HARQ
Creators: name: Jiang, Peiwen
name: Wen, Chao-Kai
name: Jin, Shi
name: Li, Geoffrey Ye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Recently, semantic communication has been brought to the forefront because of its great success in deep learning (DL), especially Transformer. Even if semantic communication has been successfully applied in the sentence transmission to reduce semantic errors, existing architecture is usually fixed in the codeword length and is inefficient and inflexible for the varying sentence length. In this paper, we exploit hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) to reduce semantic transmission error further. We first combine semantic coding (SC) with Reed Solomon (RS) channel coding and HARQ, called SC-RS-HARQ, which exploits the superiority of the SC and the reliability of the conventional methods successfully. Although the SC-RS-HARQ is easily applied in the existing HARQ systems, we also develop an end-to-end architecture, called SCHARQ, to pursue the performance further. Numerical results demonstrate that SCHARQ significantly reduces the required number of bits for sentence semantic transmission and sentence error rate. Finally, we attempt to replace error detection from cyclic redundancy check to a similarity detection network called Sim32 to allow the receiver to reserve the wrong sentences with similar semantic information and to save transmission resources.
description: IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2022
Asymptotic survival of genuine multipartite entanglement in noisy quantum networks depends on the topology
Creators: name: Contreras-Tejada, Patricia
name: Palazuelos, Carlos
name: de Vicente, Julio I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of entanglement in multipartite quantum states plays a major role in quantum information theory and genuine multipartite entanglement signals one of its strongest forms for applications. However, its characterization for general (mixed) states is a highly nontrivial problem. We introduce a particularly simple subclass of multipartite states, which we term pair-entangled network (PEN) states, as those that can be created by distributing exclusively bipartite entanglement in a connected network. We show that genuine multipartite entanglement in a PEN state depends on both the level of noise and the network topology and, in sharp contrast to the case of pure states, it is not guaranteed by the mere distribution of mixed bipartite entangled states. Our main result is a markedly drastic feature of this phenomenon: the amount of connectivity in the network determines whether genuine multipartite entanglement is robust to noise for any system size or whether it is completely washed out under the slightest form of noise for a sufficiently large number of parties. This latter case implies fundamental limitations for the application of certain networks in realistic scenarios, where the presence of some form of noise is unavoidable. To illustrate the applicability of PEN states to study the complex phenomenology behind multipartite entanglement, we also use them to prove superactivation of genuine multipartite nonlocality for any number of parties.
description: 21 pages
Spectroscopic fingerprints of gapless type-II fracton phases
Creators: name: Hart, Oliver
name: Nandkishore, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fracton phases feature elementary excitations with fractionalized mobility and are exciting interest from multiple areas of theoretical physics. However, the most exotic 'type-II' fracton phases, like the Haah codes, currently have no known experimental diagnostics. Here, we explain how type-II fracton phases with gapless gauge modes, such as the $\mathrm{U}(1)$ Haah code, may be identified experimentally. Our analysis makes use of the 'multipole gauge theory' description of type-II fracton phases, which exhibits ultraviolet-infrared (UV-IR) mixing. We show that neutron scattering experiments on gapless type-II fracton phases should generically exhibit exotic pinch points in the structure factor, with distinctive anisotropic contours as a direct consequence of UV-IR mixing. This characteristic pinch point structure provides a clean diagnostic of type-II fracton phases. We also identify distinctive signatures of the (3+1)-D $\mathrm{U}(1)$ Haah code in the low-temperature specific heat.
description: 5+7 pages, 3+5 figures; v2 includes discussion of a classical spin model with parabolic pinch points; title change in v3
Local linear convergence of alternating projections in metric spaces with bounded curvature
Creators: name: Lewis, Adrian S.
name: López-Acedo, Genaro
name: Nicolae, Adriana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the popular and classical method of alternating projections for finding a point in the intersection of two closed sets. By situating the algorithm in a metric space, equipped only with well-behaved geodesics and angles (in the sense of Alexandrov), we are able to highlight the two key geometric ingredients in a standard intuitive analysis of local linear convergence. The first is a transversality-like condition on the intersection; the second is a convexity-like condition on one set: "uniform approximation by geodesics."
description: Minor revision
Modification of Surface Bond Au Nanospheres by Chemically and Plasmonically Induced Pd Deposition
Creators: name: Stolle, Heike Lisa Kerstin Stephanie
name: Csáki, Andrea
name: Dellith, Jan
name: Fritzsche, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Active plasmonics
subject: Atomic force microscopy (AFM)
subject: Bimetallic nanoparticles
subject: Chemical metal deposition
subject: Metal nanoparticles
subject: Plasmon induced metal deposition
subject: 570
subject: 540

description: In this work we investigated methods of modifying gold nanospheres bound to a silicon surface by depositing palladium onto the surfaces of single nanoparticles. Bimetallic Au-Pd nanoparticles can thus be gained for use in catalysis or sensor technology. For Pd deposition, two methods were chosen. The first method was the reduction of palladium acetate by ascorbic acid, in which the amounts of palladium acetate and ascorbic acid were varied. In the second method we utilized light-induced metal deposition by making use of the plasmonic effect. Through this method, the surface bond nanoparticles were irradiated with light of wavelengths capable of inducing plasmon resonance. The generation of hot electrons on the particle surface then reduced the palladium acetate in the vicinity of the gold nanoparticle, resulting in palladium-covered gold nanospheres. In our studies we demonstrated the effect of both enhancement methods by monitoring the particle heights over enhancement time by atomic force microscopy (AFM), and investigated the influence of ascorbic acid/Pd acetate concentration as well as the impact of the irradiated wavelengths on the enhancement effect. It could thus be proven that both methods were valid for obtaining a deposition of Pd on the surface of the gold nanoparticles. Deposition of Pd on the gold particles using the light-assisted method could be observed, indicating the impact of the plasmonic effect and hot electron for Pd acetate reduction on the gold particle surface. In the case of the reduction method with ascorbic acid, in addition to Pd deposition on the gold nanoparticle surface, larger pure Pd particles and extended clusters were also generated. The reduction with ascorbic acid however led to a considerably thicker Pd layer of up to 54 nm in comparison to up to 11 nm for the light-induced metal deposition with light resonant to the particle absorption wavelength. Likewise, it could be demonstrated that light of non-resonant wavelengths was not capable of initiating Pd deposition, since a growth of only 1.6 nm (maximum) was observed for the Pd layer.
Towards an open-source landscape for 3-D CSEM modelling
Creators: name: Werthmüller, Dieter
name: Rochlitz, Raphael
name: Castillo-Reyes, Octavio
name: Heagy, Lindsey
Publisher: name: Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Controlled source electromagnetics (CSEM)
subject: Electrical properties
subject: Numerical modelling
subject: 550

description: Large-scale modelling of 3-D controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) surveys used to be feasible only for large companies and research consortia. This has changed over the last few years, and today there exists a selection of different open-source codes available to everyone. Using four different codes in the Python ecosystem, we perform simulations for increasingly complex models in a shallow marine setting. We first verify the computed fields with semi-analytical solutions for a simple layered model. Then we validate the responses of a more complex block model by comparing results obtained from each code. Finally, we compare the responses of a real-world model with results from the industry. On the one hand, these validations show that the open-source codes are able to compute comparable CSEM responses for challenging, large-scale models. On the other hand, they show many general and method-dependent problems that need to be faced for obtaining accurate results. Our comparison includes finite-element and finite-volume codes using structured rectilinear and octree meshes as well as unstructured tetrahedral meshes. Accurate responses can be obtained independently of the chosen method and the chosen mesh type. The runtime and memory requirements vary greatly based on the choice of iterative or direct solvers. However, we have found that much more time was spent on designing the mesh and setting up the simulations than running the actual computation. The challenging task is, irrespective of the chosen code, to appropriately discretize the model. We provide three models, each with their corresponding discretization and responses of four codes, which can be used for validation of new and existing codes. The collaboration of four code maintainers trying to achieve the same task brought in the end all four codes a significant step further. This includes improved meshing and interpolation capabilities, resulting in shorter runtimes for the same accuracy. We hope that these results may be useful for the CSEM community at large and that we can build over time a suite of benchmarks that will help to increase the confidence in existing and new 3-D CSEM codes.