cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Extensive ro-vibrational analysis of deuterated-cyanoacetylene (DC$_3$N) from millimeter-wavelengths to the infrared domain
Creators: name: Melosso, M.
name: Bizzocchi, L.
name: Adamczyk, A.
name: Canè, E.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Colzi, L.
name: Dore, L.
name: Giuliano, B. M.
name: Guillemin, J. -C.
name: Martin-Drumel, M. -A.
name: Pirali, O.
name: Charmet, A. Pietropolli
name: Prudenzano, D.
name: Rivilla, V. M.
name: Tamassia, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cyanoacetylene, the simplest cyanopolyyne, is an abundant interstellar molecule commonly observed in a vast variety of astronomical sources. Despite its importance as a potential tracer of the evolution of star-forming processes, the deuterated form of cyanoacetylene is less observed and less studied in the laboratory than the main isotopologue. Here, we report the most extensive spectroscopic characterization of DC$_3$N to date, from the millimeter domain to the infrared region. Rotational and ro-vibrational spectra have been recorded using millimeter-wave frequency-modulation and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometers, respectively. All the vibrational states with energy up to 1015 cm$^{-1}$ have been analyzed in a combined fit, where the effects due to anharmonic resonances have been adequately accounted for. The analysis contains over 6500 distinct transition frequencies, from which all the vibrational energies have been determined with good precision for many fundamental, overtone, and combination states. This work provides a comprehensive line catalog for astronomical observations of DC$_3$N
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in JQSRT
ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF THE WHEAT INDUSTRY TO NORTH DAKOTA
Creators: name: Bangsund, Dean A.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Bangsund, Dean A.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: wheat
subject: North Dakota
subject: economic impact

description: The purpose of this study was to measure the economic contribution of the wheat industry to the North Dakota economy. Wheat is produced in all areas of the state; however, production is concentrated in the Red River Valley and in the northern third of the state. Wheat production (spring, durum, and winter wheat) in North Dakota averaged about 9.1 million planted acres and 275 million bushels annually from 2001 through 2003. Direct impacts (in-state expenditures and returns) from wheat production averaged $126.50 per acre or $1.14 billion annually from 2001 through 2003. Direct impacts from handling wheat at North Dakota elevators were estimated at $32 million annually. Transportation of wheat to both in-state and out-of-state destinations was estimated to generate $73 million annually in direct impacts. Annual direct impacts from wheat processing (milling activities) were estimated at $100 million. When secondary economic impacts were included, the wheat industry was estimated to have a gross business volume of $3.56 billion annually from 2001 through 2003. Wheat industry activities also supported over 35,000 full-time secondary jobs and generated $126 million in combined property tax, sales tax, individual income tax, and corporate income tax collections in North Dakota. Due primarily to reduced grain volume, current economic impacts from wheat production, grain handling, and transportation activities decreased from levels in 1991 through 1993. However, impacts from wheat processing increased by 121 percent in real terms between the two periods. Overall, the economic size of the wheat industry in North Dakota declined 33 percent from 1991 through 1993 to 2001 through 2003. Despite recent reductions in wheat acreage and production, the wheat industry in North Dakota remains one of the most important economic activities in the state, agricultural or otherwise.
A survey of weak MgII absorbers at redshift =1.78
Creators: name: Lynch, Ryan S.
name: Charlton, Jane C.
name: Kim, Tae-Sun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact nature of weak MgII absorbers (those with W_r(2796) < 0.3 A) is a matter of debate, but most are likely related to areas of local star formation or supernovae activity outside of giant galaxies. Using 18 QSO spectra obtained with the Ultra-Violet Echelle Spectrograph (UVES) on the Very Large Telescope (VLT), we have conducted a survey for weak MgII absorbers at 1.4 < z < 2.4. We searched a redshift path length of 8.51, eliminating regions badly contaminated by atmospheric absorption so that the survey is close to 100% complete to W_r(2796) = 0.02 A. We found a total of 9 weak absorbers, yielding a number density of absorbers of dN/dz = 1.06 +/- 0.12 for 0.02 <= W_r(2796) < 0.3 A. Narayanan et al. (2005) found dN/dz = 1.00 +/- 0.20 at 0 < z < 0.3 and Churchill et al. (1999) found dN/dz = 1.74 +/- 0.10 at 0.4 < z < 1.4. Therefore, the population of weak MgII absorbers appears to peak at z~1. We explore the expected evolution of the absorber population subject to a changing extragalactic background radiation (EBR) from z = 0.9 to z = 1.78 (the median redshift of our survey), and find that the result is higher than the observed value. We point out that the peak epoch for weak MgII absorption at z~1 may coincide with the peak epoch of global star formation in the dwarf galaxy environment.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures, to be published in ApJ 01 March 2006, v639, 1
Entanglement conditions for two-mode states
Creators: name: Hillery, Mark
name: Zubairy, M. Suhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a class of inequalities whose violation shows the presence of entanglement in two-mode systems. We initially consider observables that are quadratic in the mode creation and annihilation operators and find conditions under which a two-mode state is entangled. Further examination allows us to formulate additional conditions for detecting entanglement. We conclude by showing how the methods used here can be extended to find entanglement in systems of more than two modes.
description: 4 pages, replaced with published version
DETERMINING BILATERAL TRADE PATTERNS USING A DYNAMIC GRAVITY EQUATION
Creators: name: Kim, MinKyoung
name: Cho, Guedae
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Kim, MinKyoung
name: Cho, Guedae
name: Koo, Won W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: dynamic gravity equation
subject: national product differentiation
subject: product differentiation
subject: world income growth

description: Using a dynamic gravity equation, we show that the national product differentiation model explains food and agricultural trade more properly, while the product differentiation model is more appropriate to explain large-scale manufacturing trade. In this context, our result is not consistent with the one found by Head and Ries (2001) in the short-run. The intuitive explanation for this result is that inward foreign direct investment can occur through either merger or acquisition in the short-run. Second, the pattern of bilateral trade could quickly adjust to changes in relative income between countries. Furthermore, we illustrate the positive impacts of world income growth on bilateral trade, which is in sharp contrast with the conventional analysis. This reveals yet another way to test the pattern of bilateral trade.
Intraoperative transfusion practices in Europe
Creators: name: Meier, J.
name: Filipescu, D.
name: Kozek-Langenecker, S.
name: Llau Pitarch, J.
name: Mallett, S.
name: Martus, P.
name: Matot, I.
name: the ETPOS collaborators, .
name: Ahrens, Norbert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: anaemia, anesthesia, blood transfusion, surgery, transfusion trigger
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background Transfusion of allogeneic blood influences outcome after surgery. Despite widespread availability of transfusion guidelines, transfusion practices might vary among physicians, departments, hospitals and countries. Our aim was to determine the amount of packed red blood cells (pRBC) and blood products transfused intraoperatively, and to describe factors determining transfusion throughout Europe. Methods We did a prospective observational cohort study enrolling 5803 patients in 126 European centres that received at least one pRBC unit intraoperatively, during a continuous three month period in 2013. Results The overall intraoperative transfusion rate was 1.8%; 59% of transfusions were at least partially initiated as a result of a physiological transfusion trigger- mostly because of hypotension (55.4%) and/or tachycardia (30.7%). Haemoglobin (Hb)- based transfusion trigger alone initiated only 8.5% of transfusions. The Hb concentration [mean (sd)] just before transfusion was 8.1 (1.7) g dl−1 and increased to 9.8 (1.8) g dl−1 after transfusion. The mean number of intraoperatively transfused pRBC units was 2.5 (2.7) units (median 2). Conclusion Although European Society of Anaesthesiology transfusion guidelines are moderately implemented in Europe with respect to Hb threshold for transfusion (7–9 g dl−1), there is still an urgent need for further educational efforts that focus on the number of pRBC units to be transfused at this threshold.
PERCEPTIONS OF LEAFY SPURGE AND EVALUATION OF THE TEAM LEAFY SPURGE PROJECT, BY PUBLIC LAND MANAGERS, LOCAL DECISION MAKERS, AND RANCH OPERATORS
Creators: name: Hodur, Nancy M.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Bangsund, Dean A.
name: Hodur, Nancy M.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Bangsund, Dean A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: leafy spurge
subject: noxious weeds
subject: weed management
subject: rancher opinion

description: Leafy spurge is an exotic, noxious, perennial weed which is widely established in the north central United States and is an especially serious problem in the northern Great Plains (Bangsund et al. 1999). In 1997, the Agriculture Research Service and Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, initiated a major Integrated Pest Management (IPM) research and demonstration project to develop and demonstrate ecologically based IPM strategies that can produce effective, affordable leafy spurge control. In 1998 and 1999, a survey of ranchers and public land managers was conducted to evaluate managerial, institutional, and social factors that might affect the rate and extent of implementation of various control strategies. In 2001, a second survey of the same ranchers and public land managers was conducted to (1) assess any changes in land managers' perceptions of weed problems, control alternatives, and related issues, and (2) evaluate the impact of the TEAM Leafy Spurge project on the respondent's weed control practices. The impacts of noxious weeds on grazing operations, specifically leafy spurge, are not abating, and ranchers seem more aware than ever of the severity of the problem. A slightly larger percentage of respondents in 2001 view leafy spurge as a major problem and the most serious problem for grazing operations than in 1998 and 1999. Heightened awareness among landowners may also be linked to TEAM Leafy Spurge's efforts to inform landowners of the problem and offer affordable, effective weed management techniques. While the use of biological control methods, specifically flea beetles, has grown, herbicides continue to be the control practice of choice. While slightly fewer respondents reported using herbicides in 2001 than in 1998 and 1999, the vast majority of landowners plan to continue to use herbicides. Over 50 percent of respondents are using biological control, and over 76 percent of respondents indicated flea beetles were either somewhat or very effective in controlling leafy spurge. Nearly half of the respondents had heard of TEAM Leafy Spurge, and all TEAM Leafy Spurge demonstration sites, events, and publications were favorably rated. A large majority of the respondents agreed that the program had been effective in demonstrating and communicating leafy spurge treatment and control options. Based on the results of the 2001 survey, it would appear that the program has indeed made progress in communicating the type of information landowners need to address what continues to be a significant issue for grazing operations in the Midwest.
Energy Flow Puzzle of Soliton Ratchets
Creators: name: Denisov, S.
name: Flach, S.
name: Gorbach, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the mechanism of directed energy transport for soliton ratchets. The energy flow appears due to the progressive motion of a soliton (kink) which is an energy carrier. However, the energy current formed by internal system deformations (the total field momentum) is zero. We solve the underlying puzzle by showing that the energy flow is realized via an {\it inhomogeneous} energy exchange between the system and the external ac driving. Internal kink modes are unambiguously shown to be crucial for that transport process to take place. We also discuss effects of spatial discretization and combination of ac and dc external drivings.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to PRL
Limits on the amplification of evanescent waves of left-handed materials
Creators: name: Koschny, Th.
name: Moussa, R.
name: Soukoulis, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the transfer function of the discretized perfect lens in finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) and transfer matrix (TMM) simulations; the latter allow to eliminate the problems associated with the explicit time dependence in FDTD simulations. We argue that the peak observed in the FDTD transfer function near the maximum parallel momentum $k_{\|,\mathrm{max}}$ is due to finite time artifacts. We also find the finite discretization mesh acts like imaginary deviations from $μ=ε=-1$ and leads to a cross-over in the transfer function from constance to exponential decay around $k_{\|,\mathrm{max}}$ limiting the attainable super-resolution. We propose a simple qualitative model to describe the impact of the discretization. $k_{\|,\mathrm{max}}$ is found to depend logarithmically on the mesh constant in qualitative agreement with the TMM simulations.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
2001 NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK: REPRESENTATIVE FARMS 2001-2010
Creators: name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Net Farm Income
subject: Debt-to-asset Ratios
subject: Cropland Prices
subject: Land Rental Rates
subject: Farm Operating Expenses
subject: Capitalization Rate
subject: Risk

description: Net farm income for most representative farms in 2010 will be lower than in 2000. Low profit farms, which consist of 25% of the farms in the study, may have negative net farm income throughout the forecasting period, and may not have financial resiliency to survive. Cropland prices and cash rental rates are projected to increase slightly except in the Red River Valley where they are projected to fall. Debt-to-asset ratios for most farms will increase slightly throughout the forecast period. Debt-to-asset ratios for the low profit and small size farms are higher than those for large and high profit farms.
Hydrodynamics of an inelastic gas with implications for sonochemistry
Creators: name: Lutsko, James F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hydrodynamics for a gas of hard-spheres which sometimes experience inelastic collisions resulting in the loss of a fixed, velocity-independent, amount of energy $Δ$ is investigated with the goal of understanding the coupling between hydrodynamics and endothermic chemistry. The homogeneous cooling state of a uniform system and the modified Navier-Stokes equations are discussed and explicit expressions given for the pressure, cooling rates and all transport coefficients for D-dimensions. The Navier-Stokes equations are solved numerically for the case of a two-dimensional gas subject to a circular piston so as to illustrate the effects of the enegy loss on the structure of shocks found in cavitating bubbles. It is found that the maximal temperature achieved is a sensitive function of $Δ$ with a minimum occuring near the physically important value of $Δ\sim 12,000K \sim 1eV$
description: 35 pages, 9 figures
Breaking the Degeneracies Between Cosmology and Galaxy Bias
Creators: name: Zheng, Zheng
name: Weinberg, David H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adopting the framework of the Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD), we investigate the ability of galaxy clustering measurements to simultaneously constrain cosmological parameters and galaxy bias. Starting with a fiducial cosmological model and galaxy HOD, we calculate spatial clustering observables on a range of length and mass scales, dynamical clustering observables that depend on galaxy peculiar velocities, and the galaxy-matter cross-correlation measurable by weak lensing. We then change one or more cosmological parameters and use chi^2-minimization to find the galaxy HOD that best reproduces the original clustering. Our parameterization of the HOD incorporates a flexible relation between galaxy occupation numbers and halo mass and allows spatial and velocity bias of galaxies within dark matter halos. Despite this flexibility, we find that changes to the HOD cannot mask substantial changes to the matter density Omega_m, the matter clustering amplitude sigma_8, or the shape parameter Gamma of the linear matter power spectrum -- cosmology and bias are not degenerate. With the conservative assumption of 10% fractional errors, the set of observables considered here can provide ~10% (1 sigma) constraints on sigma_8, Omega_m, and Gamma, using galaxy clustering data ALONE. The combination sigma_8*Omega_m^0.75 is constrained to ~5%. In combination with traditional methods that focus on large scale structure in the "perturbative" regime, HOD modeling can greatly amplify the cosmological power of galaxy redshift surveys by taking advantage of high-precision clustering measurements at small and intermediate scales (from sub-Mpc to ~20Mpc/h). At the same time, the inferred constraints on the galaxy HOD provide valuable tests of galaxy formation theory.
description: 31 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Minor changes to match the accepted version
Härmeen-Anttila, Jaako: Maqāma
Creators: name: Muth, Franz-Christoph
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 89 (2005): Oriens christianus, Band 89
Attitude of Flemish Farmers Towards Alternative Business Governance Structures
Creators: name: Calus, Mieke
name: Van Huylenbroeck, Guido
name: Calus, Mieke
name: Van Huylenbroeck, Guido
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: agricultural company
subject: Flanders - governance structures
subject: limited liability
subject: sole ownership

description: The Flemish agriculture is characterised by family farms in sole ownership. Alternative business governance structures occur in only 7 % of the cases, although they have advantages on fiscal, family and property grounds. The reason why partnerships don't work in Flemish agriculture are mainly situated at the knowledge and perception level of the farmers. The knowledge of the different structures exists only in a limited group of farmers. The subjective perception of governance structures enhances the limitation of transition to alternative business governance structures. Partnerships will be adapted by farmers who have a higher knowledge of alternative business governance structures and accept that the higher administration is compensated by a lower risk.
Density in Approximation Theory
Creators: name: Pinkus, Allan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41-02, 41A45

description: Approximation theory is concerned with the ability to approximate functions by simpler and more easily calculated functions. The first question we ask in approximation theory concerns the {\it possibility of approximation}. Is the given family of functions from which we plan to approximate dense in the set of functions we wish to approximate? In this work we survey some of the main density results and density methods.
title: Spherical Silica Functionalized by 2-Naphthalene Methanol Luminophores as a Phosphorescence Sensor
Creators: name: Laskowska, Magdalena
name: Nowak, Anna
name: Dulski, Mateusz
name: Weigl, Peter
name: Blochowicz, Thomas
name: Laskowski, Łukasz
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2024

description: Photoluminescence is known to have huge potential for applications in studying biological systems. In that respect, phosphorescent dye molecules open the possibility to study the local slow solvent dynamics close to hard and soft surfaces and interfaces using the triplet state (TSD: triplet state solvation dynamics). However, for that purpose, probe molecules with efficient phosphorescence features are required with a fixed location on the surface. In this article, a potential TSD probe is presented in the form of a nanocomposite: we synthesize spherical silica particles with 2-naphthalene methanol molecules attached to the surface with a predefined surface density. The synthesis procedure is described in detail, and the obtained materials are characterized employing transmission electron microscopy imaging, Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Finally, TSD experiments are carried out in order to confirm the phosphorescence properties of the obtained materials and the route to develop phosphorescent sensors at silica surfaces based on the presented results is discussed.
Additional file 3 of Cul o 2 specific IgG3/5 antibodies predicted Culicoides hypersensitivity in a group imported Icelandic horses
Creators: name: Raza, Fahad
name: Ivanek, Renata
name: Freer, Heather
name: Reiche, Dania
name: Rose, Horst
name: Torsteinsdóttir, Sigurbjörg
name: Svansson, Vilhjálmur
name: Björnsdóttir, Sigríður
name: Wagner, Bettina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3. Cul o 3 specific antibodies responses in serum of allergic and non-allergic horses. Longitudinal data representing (A) Cul o 3 specific IgG1, (B) IgG1/3 (C) IgG4/7 (D) IgG5, (E) IgG6, and (F) IgE antibodies in serum of allergic (n = 9) and non-allergic (n = 7) horses during the two-year study period. The arrow shows the time of import of the horses to the US. The dotted lines indicate natural exposure to Culicoides midges. MFI = median fluorescence intensity.
Leveraging Model Inherent Variable Importance for Stable Online Feature Selection
Creators: name: Haug, Johannes
name: Pawelczyk, Martin
name: Broelemann, Klaus
name: Kasneci, Gjergji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Feature selection can be a crucial factor in obtaining robust and accurate predictions. Online feature selection models, however, operate under considerable restrictions; they need to efficiently extract salient input features based on a bounded set of observations, while enabling robust and accurate predictions. In this work, we introduce FIRES, a novel framework for online feature selection. The proposed feature weighting mechanism leverages the importance information inherent in the parameters of a predictive model. By treating model parameters as random variables, we can penalize features with high uncertainty and thus generate more stable feature sets. Our framework is generic in that it leaves the choice of the underlying model to the user. Strikingly, experiments suggest that the model complexity has only a minor effect on the discriminative power and stability of the selected feature sets. In fact, using a simple linear model, FIRES obtains feature sets that compete with state-of-the-art methods, while dramatically reducing computation time. In addition, experiments show that the proposed framework is clearly superior in terms of feature selection stability.
description: To be published in the Proceedings of the 26th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD 2020)
Additional file 4 of The chromosome-level wintersweet (Chimonanthus praecox) genome provides insights into floral scent biosynthesis and flowering in winter
Creators: name: Junzhong Shang
name: Jingpu Tian
name: Huihui Cheng
name: Qiaomu Yan
name: Li, Lai
name: Jamal, Abbas
name: Zhongping Xu
name: Xiang, Lin
name: Saski, Christopher A.
name: Jin, Shuangxia
name: Kaige Zhao
name: Xiuqun Liu
name: Longqing Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 4. Review history.
Quantum mechanics without spacetime: a case for noncommutative geometry
Creators: name: Singh, T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum mechanics in its presently known formulation requires an external classical time for its description. A classical spacetime manifold and a classical spacetime metric are produced by classical matter fields. In the absence of such classical matter fields, quantum mechanics should be formulated without reference to a classical time. If such a new formulation exists, it follows as a consequence that standard linear quantum mechanics is a limiting case of an underlying non-linear quantum theory. A possible approach to the new formulation is through the use of noncommuting spacetime coordinates in noncommutative differential geometry. Here, the non-linear theory is described by a non-linear Schrodinger equation which belongs to the Doebner-Goldin class of equations, discovered some years ago. This mass-dependent non-linearity is significant when particle masses are comparable to Planck mass, and negligible otherwise. Such a non-linearity is in principle detectable through experimental tests of quantum mechanics for mesoscopic systems, and is a valuable empirical probe of theories of quantum gravity. We also briefly remark on the possible connection our approach could have with loop quantum gravity and string theory.
description: 35 pages, based on an invited talk given at QTS-4 [Fourth International Conference on Quantum Theory and Symmetries], Varna, Bulgaria, 15-21 August, 2005
Additional file 3 of The chromosome-level wintersweet (Chimonanthus praecox) genome provides insights into floral scent biosynthesis and flowering in winter
Creators: name: Junzhong Shang
name: Jingpu Tian
name: Huihui Cheng
name: Qiaomu Yan
name: Li, Lai
name: Jamal, Abbas
name: Zhongping Xu
name: Xiang, Lin
name: Saski, Christopher A.
name: Jin, Shuangxia
name: Kaige Zhao
name: Xiuqun Liu
name: Longqing Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Note 1. Estimation of Genome Size and Chromosome Number Assessment; Identification of Orthologs of Flowering Time Genes; Identification of MADS-box Genes; Genes Expression Analysis. Supplementary Note 2. Headspace Collection and GC–MS Analyses of Floral Volatiles; Changes of volatile compounds during flower development; Phylogenetic and Structural Analysis of TPS Family; Subcellular Location of the fused CpTPS4/9/42-fused green Fluorescent Protein; Construction of CpTPS4 Overexpressed Tobacco Plants, Analysis of Transcription of Factors; Analysis of the genes involved in terpene and benzenoid biosynthesis transport. Supplementary Note 3. Tandem duplication analysis; The order of speciation and WGD event in Liriodendron and wintersweet lineage.
QCD - NLC
Creators: name: Pirner, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a status report of our current theoretical work on QCD near the light-cone.
description: 10 pages, Talk given at Three Days of Hadronic Physics (HLPR04): Joint Meeting Heidelberg-Liege-Paris-Rostock, Liege, Belgium, 16-18 Dec 2004. Published in AIP Conf.Proc.775:252,2005
Farm Size Adjustment and Contract Regulation (I. #203/82): Evidence From an Italian Case Study
Creators: name: Coppola, Adele
name: De Stefano, Francesco
name: Del Giudice, Teresa
name: Coppola, Adele
name: De Stefano, Francesco
name: Del Giudice, Teresa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Adjustment process
subject: contract regulation
subject: farm structure
subject: rented land

description: In Italy, the structure of farm has always shown remarkable elements of weakness. Among these, the small dimension, in terms of arable land, has represented one of the most difficult to resolve. The absence of a legislation that could favour jointness of the property have remarkably reduced the market of the land. In this scenario, a new law n. 203/1982 was lunched. Now farmers are considering rent land a possible strategy to increase hectares. The object of this paper is to analyse the situation of land contract in Campania Region. A better understanding of these topics should improve public policies for a better adjustment process.
Additional file 2 of Cul o 2 specific IgG3/5 antibodies predicted Culicoides hypersensitivity in a group imported Icelandic horses
Creators: name: Raza, Fahad
name: Ivanek, Renata
name: Freer, Heather
name: Reiche, Dania
name: Rose, Horst
name: Torsteinsdóttir, Sigurbjörg
name: Svansson, Vilhjálmur
name: Björnsdóttir, Sigríður
name: Wagner, Bettina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2. Cul o 2 specific antibodies in serum of allergic and non-allergic horses. Antibodies in serum of allergic (n = 9) and non-allergic (n = 7) horses were determined using a Culicoides allergen multiplex assay. (A) Cul o 2 specific IgG1, (B) IgG1/3, (C) IgG4/7, (D) IgG6, and (E) IgE. Horses were imported to the US in the beginning of year 1 (arrow). The dotted lines represent the natural exposure times to Culicoides midges during the two-year study period. MFI = median fluorescence intensity.
Classification of Supersymmetric Flux Vacua in M Theory
Creators: name: Behrndt, Klaus
name: Cvetic, Mirjam
name: Liu, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a comprehensive classification of supersymmetric vacua of M-theory compactification on seven-dimensional manifolds with general four-form fluxes. We analyze the cases where the resulting four-dimensional vacua have N = 1,2,3,4 supersymmetry and the internal space allows for SU(2), SU(3) or G_2 structures. In particular, we find for N = 2 supersymmetry, that the external space-time is Minkowski and the base manifold of the internal space is conformally Kähler for SU(2) structures, while for SU(3) structures the internal space has to be Einstein-Sasaki and no internal fluxes are allowed. Moreover, we provide a new vacuum with N = 1 supersymmetry and SU(3) structure, where all fluxes are non-zero and the first order differential equations are solved.
description: 50 pages, clarification of the spinor ansatz added, references added, typos corrected
Additional file 2 of The chromosome-level wintersweet (Chimonanthus praecox) genome provides insights into floral scent biosynthesis and flowering in winter
Creators: name: Junzhong Shang
name: Jingpu Tian
name: Huihui Cheng
name: Qiaomu Yan
name: Li, Lai
name: Jamal, Abbas
name: Zhongping Xu
name: Xiang, Lin
name: Saski, Christopher A.
name: Jin, Shuangxia
name: Kaige Zhao
name: Xiuqun Liu
name: Longqing Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S1. Evaluation of Chimonanthus praecox genome by k-mer analysis and cell flow cytometry. Fig. S2. Hi-C map of the wintersweet genome showing genome-wide all-by-all interactions. Fig. S3. Chromosome biology of Chimonanthus praecox (a) and Calycanthus chinensis. Fig. S4. Annotation of the wintersweet-specific and expanded genes. Fig. S5. An uneven TE distribution across wintersweet genome and TE distribution in genic regions. Fig. S6. LTR insertion time estimation. Fig. S7. Phylogenetic analysis of wintersweet LTR retrotransposons. Fig. S8. Concatenated- and ASTRAL-based phylogenetic trees. Fig. S9. The phylogenetic tree based on 38 chloroplast genes from 26 species. Fig. S10. A phylogenetic tree of 29 plant species based on 2420 concatenated genes trees using RAxML. Fig. S11. Types of gene duplication in the wintersweet genome. Fig. S12. Duplications of genomic paralogous genes in wintersweet. Fig. S13. Distribution of synonymous substitution levels (Ks) of syntenic orthologous (solid curves) and paralogous genes (dashed curves). Fig. S14. Topologies of gene trees depicting the two possible scenarios of speciation among wintersweet and Liriodendron. Fig. S15. A modified pipeline of ancestral genome reconstruction. Fig. S16. Phylogenetic analysis of FT-like and SVP-like and the analysis of bud break and cell division (CpCDs) related genes and genes involved in phytohormone-related pathways. Fig. S17. Gas chromatogram of glycosidic floral volatiles from the flowers of wintersweet. Fig. S18. Changes of the major floral volatiles during flower development in wintersweet. Fig. S19. Subcellular location of CpTPS proteins. Fig. S20. Cluster and STEM analysis of differentially expressed TFs during flower development. Fig. S21. Promoter cis-element analysis of 52 CpTPSs. Fig. S22. Analysis of benzenoid carboxyl methyltransferases (BCMTs) and cell division (CpCDs) related genes. Fig. S23. Gene structure and classification of putative CpTPSs. Fig. S24. Annotation of the Tandem duplicated genes.
Czech Agricultural Associations and the Impact of Membership on Farm Efficiency
Creators: name: Bavorova, Miroslava
name: Curtiss, Jarmila
name: Jelinek, Ladislav
name: Bavorova, Miroslava
name: Curtiss, Jarmila
name: Jelinek, Ladislav
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Associations
subject: agricultural enterprises
subject: Czech agriculture
subject: incentives
subject: individual farms
subject: technical efficiency
subject: stochastic frontier analysis
subject: transition

description: The study investigates the efficiency effect of affiliation with the two strongest associations in Czech agriculture. These represent large-scale enterprises and individual farmers, respectively. The efficiency analysis is supplemented by analyses of incentives for associations' membership and farm characteristics decisive for membership choice. The results imply that political lobbying is the main entry incentive. Commercially-oriented individual farms which employ external workers are more likely to choose association membership, as are agricultural enterprises that specialize in livestock production or preserve a high share of employee ownership. We find that association membership has a significant positive impact on farms' performance, especially among individual farms. Non-members represent a more heterogeneous group. Nevertheless, the best non-members are able to achieve the production potential of association members.
Modeling Price Response of Farm Households Under Imperfect Labor Markets: A Farm Household Approach to Family Farms in Poland
Creators: name: Henning, Christian H.C.A.
name: Henningsen, Arne
name: Henning, Christian H.C.A.
name: Henningsen, Arne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: farm household model
subject: labor market
subject: market imperfection

description: In the paper a flexible FHM approach is estimated to model price responses of farm households under imperfect labor markets. In contrast to former studies the model explicitly incorporates simultaneously fixed and variable transaction costs as well as heterogeneity. Main results are: (i) In the general approach non-separability not only occurs if households are autarkic, but also when households participate in labor markets. (ii) Under imperfect labor markets, price responses are ambiguous and differ for the non-separable and separable model. However, econometric analysis indicates only moderate differences between the two models except for crop production for which an inverse supply response is estimated.
Cosmological Singularities, Einstein Billiards and Lorentzian Kac-Moody Algebras
Creators: name: Damour, Thibault
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of the general, inhomogeneous solution of (bosonic) Einstein-matter systems in the vicinity of a cosmological singularity is considered. We review the proof (based on ideas of Belinskii-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz and technically simplified by the use of the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner Hamiltonian formalism) that the asymptotic behaviour, as one approaches the singularity, of the general solution is describable, at each (generic) spatial point, as a billiard motion in an auxiliary Lorentzian space. For certain Einstein-matter systems, notably for pure Einstein gravity in any spacetime dimension D and for the particular Einstein-matter systems arising in String theory, the billiard tables describing asymptotic cosmological behaviour are found to be identical to the Weyl chambers of some Lorentzian Kac-Moody algebras. In the case of the bosonic sector of supergravity in 11 dimensional spacetime the underlying Lorentzian algebra is that of the hyperbolic Kac-Moody group E(10), and there exists some evidence of a correspondence between the general solution of the Einstein-three-form system and a null geodesic in the infinite dimensional coset space E(10)/K (E(10)), where K (E(10)) is the maximal compact subgroup of E(10).
description: 49 pages, 2 figures, invited talk at Miami Waves 2004 (Conference on Geometric Analysis, Nonlinear Wave Equations and General Relativity; Miami, 4-10 January 2004), to appear in a special issue of the Journal of Hyperbolic Differential Equations
The Impact of Farm Income Support on Absolute Inequality
Creators: name: Allanson, Paul
name: Allanson, Paul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Policy
subject: Income redistribution
subject: Scotland

description: This paper focuses on the impact of agricultural support policies on the distribution of farming incomes, using measures to characterise and quantify the redistributive effects that are based on the change in the absolute Gini index. The provision of support to Scottish agriculture is found to have been at best ineffective as a means to reduce the average size of income disparities between farms. Agricultural policy is further shown to have been inefficient as a redistributive tool because of the adverse distributional effect of the re-ranking of farms induced by the provision of support.
Luxenberg, Christoph: Die Syro-aramäische Lesart des Koran
Creators: name: Böwering, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 89 (2005): Oriens christianus, Band 89
Typology of the Portuguese Farm Holdings and Taxation Regimes
Creators: name: Godinho, Maria De Lurdes Ferro
name: Coelho, Maria Leonor Macedo De Seabra
name: Godinho, Maria De Lurdes Ferro
name: Coelho, Maria Leonor Macedo De Seabra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agriculture
subject: Holdings
subject: Legal Personality
subject: Portugal
subject: Taxes

description: The study describes the evolution, since the Portuguese accession to the European Community, in 1986, of the different types of farm holdings (household-farms, corporations, co-operatives and other legal forms), using the Agricultural Census data. In addition, the experience of agricultural taxation in Portugal in the context of the ongoing policy debate about the tax structure and tax reform affecting agricultural producers is addressed for different categories of farms. The research also examines the problems associated with tax regimes. A major problem has been the measurement of the actual taxable farm income. The different measures to estimate farm income are explained for the various taxation regimes.
The Afterglows of Ultraluminous Quasars
Creators: name: Wang, Jian-Min
name: Yuan, Ye-Fei
name: Ho, Luis C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasars represent a brief phase in the life-cycle of most massive galaxies, but the evolutionary connection between central black holes and their host galaxies remains unclear. While quasars are active and shining brighter than the Compton-limit luminosity, their radiation heats the surrounding medium to the Compton temperature, forming Compton spheres extending to the Strömgren radius of Fe$^{26+}$/He$^{2+}$. After the quasars shut off, their ``afterglow'' can be detected through three signatures: (1) an extended X-ray envelope, with a characteristic temperature of $\sim 3\times 10^7$ K; (2) Ly$α$ and Ly$β$ lines and the $K-$edge of Fe$^{26+}$; and (3) nebulosity from hydrogen and helium recombination emission lines. We discuss the possibility of detecting these signatures using {\em Chandra}, the planned {\em XEUS} mission, and ground-based optical telescopes. The luminosity and size of quasar afterglows can be used to constrain the lifetime of quasars.
description: 4 pages in emulateapj5.sty, 3 Figures. To Appear in Astrophysical Journal Letters
The Impact of Coffee Price Changes on Rural Households in Uganda
Creators: name: Bussolo, Maurizio
name: Godart, Olivier
name: Lay, Jann
name: Thiele, Rainer
name: Bussolo, Maurizio
name: Godart, Olivier
name: Lay, Jann
name: Thiele, Rainer
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Coffee Price Changes
subject: Price Transmission
subject: Rural Households
subject: Poverty Analysis
subject: Uganda

description: Based on household survey data, this paper investigates the impact on coffee and non-coffee households of the pronounced coffee price fluctuations in Uganda during the 1990s. As expected, the price boom of the early 1990s was associated with substantial poverty reduction for coffee farmers. More strikingly, their poverty incidence continued to go down when prices fell again. This may be explained by a combination of factors: first, coffee production increased after 1995, probably as a delayed response to improved price incentives; second, there is evidence of consumption smoothing among specialized coffee farmers; and third, coffee farmers diversified into alternative crops. Non-coffee farmers seem to have benefited from the income generated through the coffee price boom. For the second halve of the 1990s, by contrast, it is impossible to discern any indirect effect of the fall in coffee prices from the data, which does, however, not necessarily indicate that there was none but may as well be due to the fact that other factors dominated the price change.
Orbital X-Ray Variability of the Microquasar LS 5039
Creators: name: Bosch-Ramon, V.
name: Paredes, J. M.
name: Ribo, M.
name: Miller, J. M.
name: Reig, P.
name: Marti, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of the orbit and the donor star in the high mass X-ray binary microquasar LS 5039 indicate that accretion processes should mainly occur via a radiatively driven wind. In such a scenario, significant X-ray variability would be expected due to the eccentricity of the orbit. The source has been observed at X-rays by several missions, although with a poor coverage that prevents to reach any conclusion about orbital variability. Therefore, we conducted RossiXTE observations of the microquasar system LS 5039 covering a full orbital period of 4 days. Individual observations are well fitted with an absorbed power-law plus a Gaussian at 6.7 keV, to account for iron line emission that is probably a diffuse background feature. In addition, we have taken into account that the continuum is also affected by significant diffuse background contamination. Our results show moderate power-law flux variations on timescales of days, as well as the presence of miniflares on shorter timescales. The new orbital ephemeris of the system recently obtained by Casares et al. have allowed us to show, for the first time, that an increase of emission is seen close to the periastron passage, as expected in an accretion scenario. Moreover, the detected orbital variability is a factor of ~4 smaller than the one expected by using a simple wind accretion model, and we suggest that an accretion disk around the compact object could be responsible for this discrepancy. On the other hand, significant changes in the photon index are also observed clearly anti-correlated with the flux variations. We interpret the overall X-ray spectral characteristics of LS 5039 in the context of X-ray radiation produced by inverse Compton and/or synchrotron processes in the jet of this microquasar.
description: published in Astrophysical Journal, submission format (real number of pages: 7, 4 figures)
Additional file 1 of Cul o 2 specific IgG3/5 antibodies predicted Culicoides hypersensitivity in a group imported Icelandic horses
Creators: name: Raza, Fahad
name: Ivanek, Renata
name: Freer, Heather
name: Reiche, Dania
name: Rose, Horst
name: Torsteinsdóttir, Sigurbjörg
name: Svansson, Vilhjálmur
name: Björnsdóttir, Sigríður
name: Wagner, Bettina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Results of Mann-Whitney test in initial analysis of all data points. Significant combinations from four questions asked are highlighted and were further analyzed by logistic regression.
Recursive parameterisation and invariant phases of unitary matrices
Creators: name: Jarlskog, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present further properties of a previously proposed recursive scheme for parameterisation of n-by-n unitary matrices. We show that the factors in the recursive formula may be introduced in any desired order. The method is used to study the invariant phases of unitary matrices. The case of four-by-four unitary matrices is investigated in detail. We also address the question of how to construct symmetric unitary matrices using the recursive approach.