cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Measurement properties of device-based physical activity instruments in ambulatory adults with physical disabilities and/or chronic diseases: a scoping review
Creators: name: Brandenbarg, Pim
name: Hoekstra, Femke
name: Barakou, Ioulia
name: Seves, Bregje L.
name: Hettinga, Florentina J.
name: Hoekstra, Trynke
name: van der Woude, Lucas H. V
name: Dekker, Rienk
name: Krops, Leonie A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary file 1. Protocol deviations. A files containing details of the deviations we made to the protocol.
Chaotic diffusion of asteroids in the exterior 1:2 mean motion resonance with Mars
Creators: name: Christou, Apostolos A.
name: Dermott, Stanley F.
name: Li, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inner asteroid belt between 2.1 and 2.5 au is of particular dynamical significance because it is the dominant source of both chondritic meteorites and near-Earth asteroids. This inner belt is bounded by an eccentricity-type secular resonance and by the 1:3 mean motion resonance with Jupiter. Unless asteroid perihelia are low enough to allow scattering by Mars, escape requires transport to one of the bounding resonances. In addition Yarkovsky forces are generally ineffective in changing either the eccentricity and/or inclination for asteroids with diameter $\gtrsim$30 km. Thus, large asteroids with pericentres far from Mars may only escape from the inner belt through large changes in their eccentricities. In this paper we study chaotic diffusion of orbits near the 1:2 mean motion resonance with Mars in a systematic way. We show that, while chaotic orbital evolution in both resonant and non-resonant orbits increase the dispersion of the inclinations and eccentricities, it does not significantly change their mean values. We show further that, while the dispersive growth is greatest for resonant orbits, at high $e$ the resonance acts to mitigate asteroid scattering by Mars - making the asteroid lifetime in the belt longer than it would have been for a non-resonant orbit. For asteroids of all sizes in both resonant and non-resonant orbits, the changes in eccentricity needed to account for the observations cannot be achieved by gravitational forces alone. The role of resonant trapping in protecting asteroids from encounters with Mars is also analysed.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 13 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables
3-D Kinematics of the near-IR HH 223 outflow in L723
Creators: name: López, R.
name: Acosta-Pulido, J. A.
name: Estalella, R.
name: Gómez, G.
name: García-Lorenzo, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we derive the full 3-D kinematics of the near-infrared outflow HH 223, located in the dark cloud Lynds 723 (L723), where a well-defined quadrupolar CO outflow is found. HH 223 appears projected onto the two lobes of the east-west CO outflow. The radio continuum source VLA 2, towards the centre of the CO outflow, harbours a multiple system of low-mass young stellar objects. One of the components has been proposed to be the exciting source of the east-west CO outflow. From the analisys of the kinematics, we get further evidence on the relationship between the near-infrared and CO outflows and on the location of their exciting source. The proper motions were derived using multi-epoch, narrow-band H$_2$ (2.122 $μ$m line) images. Radial velocities were derived from the 2.122 $μ$m line of the spectra. Because of the extended (~5 arcmin), S-shaped morphology of the target, the spectra were obtained with the Multi-Object-Spectroscopy (MOS) observing mode using the instrument LIRIS at the 4.2m William Herschel Telescope. To our knowledge, this work is the first time that MOS observing mode has been successfully used in the near infrared range for an extended target.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures; accepted in MNRAS
Antiferromagnetic order in Co-doped Fe$_5$GeTe$_2$ probed by resonant magnetic x-ray scattering
Creators: name: Chen, Xiang
name: Schierle, Enrico
name: He, Yu
name: Vranas, Mayia
name: Freeland, John William
name: McChesney, Jessica. L.
name: Ramesh, Ramamoorthy
name: Birgeneau, Robert J.
name: Frano, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quasi-two-dimensional van der Waals magnet Fe$_{5-δ}$GeTe$_2$ has emerged as a promising platform for electronic and spintronic functionalities at room temperature, owing to its large ferromagnetic ordering temperature $T_{\text{C}}$ $\sim$ 315 K. Interestingly, by cobalt (Co) substitution of iron in F5GT, $i.e.$ $({\text{Fe}}_{1-x}{\text{Co}}_x)_{5-δ}{\text{GeTe}}_2$ (Co-F5GT), not only can its magnetic transition temperature be further enhanced, but the magnetic and structural ground states can also be tuned. Specifically, an antiferromagnetic (AFM) order is induced beyond the Co doping level $x \ge 0.4$. Here, we investigate the magnetic properties of a Co-F5GT single crystal at $x = 0.45(1)$, by utilizing the element specific, resonant magnetic x-ray scattering technique. Our study reveals an A-type, Ising-like AFM ground state, with a transition temperature $T_{\text{N}}$ $\sim$ 340 K. In addition, our work unveils an important contribution from Co magnetic moments to the magnetic order. The application of the in-plane magnetic fields gradually polarize the spin moments along the field direction, but without inducing incommensurate spin texture(s).
description: 7 pages with 5 figures. Submitted on June/2022
Improved Trajectory Planning for On-Road Self-Driving Vehicles Via Combined Graph Search, Optimization & Topology Analysis
Creators: name: Tianyu  Gu
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Trajectory planning is an important component of autonomous driving. It takes the result of route-level navigation plan and generates the motion-level commands that steer an autonomous passenger vehicle (APV). Prior work on solving this problem uses either a sampling-based or optimization-based trajectory planner, accompanied by some high-level rule generation components.
Local collective dynamics at equilibrium BCC crystal-melt interfaces
Creators: name: Zhang, Xin
name: Lu, Wenliang
name: Liang, Zun
name: Wang, Yashen
name: Lv, Songtai
name: Liang, Hongtao
name: Laird, Brian B.
name: Yang, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a classical molecular-dynamics study of the collective dynamical properties of the coexisting liquid phase at equilibrium body-centered cubic (BCC) Fe crystal-melt interfaces. For the three interfacial orientations (100), (110), and (111), the collective dynamics are characterized through the calculation of the intermediate scattering functions, dynamical structure factors and density relaxation times in a sequential local region of interest. An anisotropic speed up of the collective dynamics in all three BCC crystal-melt interfacial orientations is observed. This trend differs significantly different from the previously observed slowing down of the local collective dynamics at the liquid-vapor interface [Acta Mater 2020;198:281]. Examining the interfacial density relaxation times, we revisit the validity of the recently developed time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) theory for the solidification crystal-melt interface kinetic coefficients, resulting in excellent agreement with both the magnitude and the kinetic anisotropy of the CMI kinetic coefficients measured from the non-equilibrium MD simulations
description: 10pages, 6 figures
Urban Area Mapping using Sentinel-1 data Using DEA Data Cube
Creators: name: Digital Earth Africa
Publisher: name: GEO Knowledge Hub
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sentinel-1
SAR
Urban
Analysis

description: EO is crucial for mapping and monitoring the environment in this case mapping the built environment that makes up urban areas. DE Africa provides free and open EO data and analysis tools to produce ready Earth Observation products and services for decision-making.  In the past decade, urban areas have experienced rapid growth due to increased population in urban areas that are exerting pressure on the environment and threatening ecosystem degradation. This means that constant monitoring of the built environment is crucial for sustainable development. 
Digital Earth Africa's (DEA) Urban area mapping using Sentinel-1 data notebook uses k-means clustering to classify land as 'urban' and then compares those results with the ESA WorldCover global land cover product for the year 2020 to produce a comparison between the urbanization prediction with the ground truth data visually and statistically. The analysis parameters for this notebook have been set using a central pair of coordinates in Nairobi County in Kenya, Africa. This notebook allows for easy replication of analysis across Africa, by simply changing the analysis parameters. The user guide provides an overview of the analysis, resources used/supplied, and directions on how to reproduce the analysis.
This knowledge package includes the necessary data, computational resources, and instructions required to reproduce the methodology used in Digital Earth Africa's Urban area mapping using Sentinel-1 data' Jupyter Notebook. 
The User's Guide provides an overview of the application.
Additional file 3 of Measurement properties of device-based physical activity instruments in ambulatory adults with physical disabilities and/or chronic diseases: a scoping review
Creators: name: Brandenbarg, Pim
name: Hoekstra, Femke
name: Barakou, Ioulia
name: Seves, Bregje L.
name: Hettinga, Florentina J.
name: Hoekstra, Trynke
name: van der Woude, Lucas H. V
name: Dekker, Rienk
name: Krops, Leonie A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary file 3. PICO, Selection criteria and Checklists. A file containing the PICO and the selection criteria used for the scoping review. Als contains the checklist that were used during the screening process.
Tunneling processes into localized subgap states in superconductors
Creators: name: Ruby, Michael
name: Pientka, Falko
name: Peng, Yang
name: von Oppen, Felix
name: Heinrich, Benjamin W.
name: Franke, Katharina J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine scanning-tunneling-spectroscopy experiments probing magnetic impurities on a superconducting surface with a theoretical analysis of the tunneling processes between (superconducting) tip and substrate. We show that the current is carried by single-electron tunneling at large tip-substrate distances and Andreev reflections at smaller distances. The single-electron current requires relaxation processes between the impurity-induced Shiba bound state and the quasiparticle continuum, allowing us to extract information on such relaxation processes from our analysis.
description: 4+ pages, 3 figures; supplementary material: 18 pages, 9 figures
Spectroscopy of 91Zr51 at medium to high spins
Creators: name: Qian, J.
name: Cakirli, R.B.
name: Ai, H.C.
name: Ayangeakaa, A.D.
name: Williams, S.J.
name: Casten, R.F.
name: Fitzpatrick, C.R.
name: Amon, L.
name: Winkler, R.
name: Garnsworthy, A.B.
name: Regan, P.H.
name: Thompson, N.J.
name: Gürdal, G.
name: Jones, G.A.
name: McCutchan, E.A.
name: Freeman, S.J.
name: Werner, V.
name: Heinz, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Identification of near-yrast states in the β-stable nucleus 91Zr51 has been carried out using the fusion evaporation reaction, 82Se(13C,4n)91Zr at an incident beam energy of 50 MeV. States above the reported r = 6 μs, Iπ = 21/2+ isomeric level at Ex = 3167 keV have been identified for the first time in this work, a tentative decay scheme of near-yrast states to excitation energies in excess of 10 MeV has been constructed. These states are of relevance to shell model structures formed via limited valence-space configurations in this semi-magic N = 51 nucleus.
Studies of the $ω$ meson with the KLOE detector
Creators: name: Heijkenskjöld, L.
name: Andersson, W. Ikegami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents status of three studies involving the $ω$ meson using data collected by the KLOE detector. The first two projects are feasibility studies performed on simulated data concerning an upper limit measure ment of BR($Φ\to ωγ$) and the form factor measurement in the $ω\toπ^0l^+l^-$ dalitz decay. The third study shows the effect $π^0 - π^0$ interference has in the $ω\toπ^+π^-π^0$ Dalitz plot when $ω$ is produced through the $e^+e^-\toωπ^0$ channel.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures,
Additional file 1 of Direct interspecies electron transfer mechanisms of a biochar-amended anaerobic digestion: a review
Creators: name: Valentin, Marvin T.
name: Luo, Gang
name: Zhang, Shicheng
name: Białowiec, Andrzej
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Data file preparation in CSV format containing the microorganisms that were subjected to VOSviewer network map creation. Figure S2. Sample VOSviewer network map of microorganisms.
The recurrent nova V3890~Sgr: a near-infrared and optical study of the red giant component and its environment
Creators: name: Kaminsky, B.
name: Evans, A.
name: Pavlenko, Ya. V.
name: Woodward, C. E.
name: Banerjee, D. P. K.
name: Gehrz, R. D.
name: Walter, F.
name: Starrfield, S.
name: Ilyin, I.
name: Strassmeier, K. G.
name: Wagner, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the red giant component of the recurrent nova V3890 Sgr, using data obtained before and after its 2019 eruption. Its effective temperature is $T_{\rm eff}=3050\pm$200 K for $\log{g}=0.7$, although there are modest changes in $T_{\rm eff}$. There is an overabundance of both carbon ($0.20\pm0.05$~dex) and sodium ($1.0\pm0.3$~dex) relative to their solar values, possibly the result of ejecta from the 1990 nova eruption being entrained into the red giant photosphere. We find $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C $=25\pm2$, a value similar to that found in red giants in other recurrent novae. The interpretation of the quiescent spectrum in the 5--38$\,mu$m region requires the presence of photospheric SiO absorption and cool ($\sim400$~K) dust in the red giant environment. The spectrum in the region of the Na{\sc i} D lines is complex, and includes at least six interstellar components, together with likely evidence for interaction between ejecta from the 2019 eruption and material accumulated in the plane of the binary. Three recurrent novae with giant secondaries have been shown to have environments with different dust content, but photospheres with similar $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C ratios. The SiO fundamental bands most likely have a photospheric origin in the all three stars.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS on 22 July 2022. 15 pages, 11 figs
The LMC geometry and outer stellar populations from early DES data
Creators: name: Balbinot, Eduardo
name: Santiago, B. X.
name: Girardi, L.
name: Pieres, A.
name: da Costa, L. N.
name: Maia, M. A. G.
name: Walker, R. A. Gruendl A. R.
name: Yanny, B.
name: Drlica-Wagner, A.
name: Benoit-Levy, A.
name: Abbott, T. M. C.
name: Allam, S. S.
name: nnis, J. A
name: Bernstein, J. P.
name: Bernstein, R. A.
name: Bertin, E.
name: Brooks, D.
name: Buckley-Geer, E.
name: Rosell, A. Carnero
name: Cunha, C. E.
name: DePoy, D. L.
name: Desai, S.
name: Diehl, H. T.
name: Doel, P.
name: Estrada, J.
name: Evrard, A. E.
name: to, A. Fausti Ne
name: Finley, D. A.
name: Flaugher, B.
name: Frieman, J. A.
name: Gruen, D.
name: Honscheid, K.
name: James, D.
name: Kuehn, K.
name: Kuropatkin, N.
name: Lahav, O.
name: March, M.
name: Marshall, J. L.
name: Miller, C.
name: Ogando, R. Miquel R.
name: Peoples, J.
name: Plazas, A.
name: Scarpine, V.
name: Schubnell, M.
name: Sevilla-Noarbe, I.
name: Smith, R. C.
name: Soares-Santos, M.
name: Suchyta, E.
name: Swanson, M. E. C.
name: Tarle, G.
name: Tucker, D. L.
name: Wechsler, R.
name: Zuntz, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dark Energy Camera has captured a large set of images as part of Science Verification (SV) for the Dark Energy Survey. The SV footprint covers a lar ge portion of the outer Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), providing photometry 1.5 magnitudes fainter than the main sequence turn-off of the oldest LMC stel lar population. We derive geometrical and structural parameters for various stellar populations in the LMC disk. For the distribution of all LMC stars, we find an inclination of $i=-38.14^{\circ}\pm0.08^{\circ}$ (near side in the North) and a position angle for the line of nodes of $θ_0=129.51^{\circ}\pm0.17^{\circ}$. We find that stars younger than $\sim 4$ Gyr are more centrally concentrated than older stars. Fitting a projected exponential disk shows that the scale radius of the old populations is $R_{>4 Gyr}=1.41\pm0.01$ kpc, while the younger population has $R_{<4 Gyr}=0.72\pm0.01$ kpc. Howe ver, the spatial distribution of the younger population deviates significantly from the projected exponential disk model. The distribution of old stars suggests a large truncation radius of $R_{t}=13.5\pm0.8$ kpc. If this truncation is dominated by the tidal field of the Galaxy, we find that the LMC is $\simeq 24^{+9}_{-6}$ times less massive than the encircled Galactic mass. By measuring the Red Clump peak magnitude and comparing with the best-fit LM C disk model, we find that the LMC disk is warped and thicker in the outer regions north of the LMC centre. Our findings may either be interpreted as a warped and flared disk in the LMC outskirts, or as evidence of a spheroidal halo component
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Impact of Medications on COVID-19 Outcomes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Analysis of Over 6,000 Patients from an International Registry
Creators: name: Ungaro, Ryan C.
name: Brenner, Erica J.
name: Kappelman, Michael D.
name: Surveillance Epidemiology of Coronavirus Under Research Exclusion for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (SECURE-IBD) Research Group
name: Colombel, Jean-Frederic
name: Zhang, Xian
name: Agrawal, Manasi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: The Surveillance Epidemiology of Coronavirus Under Research Exclusion for
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (SECURE-IBD) database, an international, collaborative
database created to monitor COVID-19 outcomes in IBD patients, has previously reported
that corticosteroids and mesalamine/sulfasalazine are associated with an increased risk
of severe COVID-19 while tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists do not impact risk.1 A
follow-up report observed that patients on combination therapy with TNF antagonists and
thiopurines appeared to be at higher severe COVID-19 risk.2 However, at that time the
number of reported cases was too low to fully evaluate the risk of other IBD therapies. As
the cases reported to SECURE-IBD have increased substantially, more granular analyses
evaluating other IBD medication classes (including combination therapies) and adjusting
for more covariates are possible. In this study, we compared associations between
multiple medication classes and adverse COVID-19 outcomes in the SECURE-IBD
database.
Untargeted Region of Interest Selection for GC-MS Data using a Pseudo F-Ratio Moving Window ($ψ$FRMV)
Creators: name: Giebelhaus, Ryland T.
name: Armstrong, Michael D. Sorochan
name: de la Mata, A. Paulina
name: Harynuk, James J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: There are many challenges associated with analysing gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) data. Many of these challenges stem from the fact that electron ionisation can make it difficult to recover molecular information due to the high degree of fragmentation with concomitant loss of molecular ion signal. With GC-MS data there are often many common fragment ions shared among closely-eluting peaks, necessitating sophisticated methods for analysis. Some of these methods are fully automated, but make some assumptions about the data which can introduce artifacts during the analysis. Chemometric methods such as Multivariate Curve Resolution, or Parallel Factor Analysis are particularly attractive, since they are flexible and make relatively few assumptions about the data - ideally resulting in fewer artifacts. These methods do require expert user intervention to determine the most relevant regions of interest and an appropriate number of components, $k$, for each region. Automated region of interest selection is needed to permit automated batch processing of chromatographic data with advanced signal deconvolution. Here, we propose a new method for automated, untargeted region of interest selection that accounts for the multivariate information present in GC-MS data to select regions of interest based on the ratio of the squared first, and second singular values from the Singular Value Decomposition of a window that moves across the chromatogram. Assuming that the first singular value accounts largely for signal, and that the second singular value accounts largely for noise, it is possible to interpret the relationship between these two values as a probabilistic distribution of Fisher Ratios. The sensitivity of the algorithm was tested by investigating the concentration at which the algorithm can no longer pick out chromatographic regions known to contain signal.
Plasma heating and particle acceleration in collisionless shocks through astrophysical observations
Creators: name: Miceli, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernova remnants (SNRs), the products of stellar explosions, are powerful astrophysical laboratories, which allow us to study the physics of collisionless shocks, thanks to their bright electromagnetic emission. Blast wave shocks generated by supernovae (SNe) provide us with an observational window to study extreme conditions, characterized by high Mach (and Alfvenic Mach) numbers, together with powerful nonthermal processes. In collisionless shocks, temperature equilibration between different species may not be reached at the shock front. In this framework, different particle species might be heated at different temperatures (depending on their mass) in the post-shock medium of SNRs. SNRs are also characterized by a broadband nonthermal emission stemming at the shock front as a result of nonthermal populations of leptons and hadrons. These particles, known as cosmic rays, are accelerated up to ultrarelativistic energies via diffusive shock acceleration. If SNRs lose a significant fraction of their ram energy to accelerate cosmic rays, the shock dynamics should be altered with respect to the adiabatic case. This shock modification should result in an increase of the total shock compression ratio with respect to the Rankine-Hugoniot value of 4. Here I show that the combination of X-ray high resolution spectroscopy (to measure ion temperatures) and moderate resolution spectroscopy (for a detailed diagnostic of the post-shock density) can be exploited to study both the heating mechanism and the particle acceleration in collisionless shocks. I report on new results in the temperatures measured for different ion species in the remnant of SN 1987A. I also discuss evidence of shock modification recently obtained in the remnant of SN 1006 a. D., where the shock compression ratio increases significantly as the angle between the shock velocity and the ambient magnetic field is reduced.
description: Author's preprint. Accepted for publication in Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion after minor revisions
Additional file 1 of A scoping review of emotions and related constructs in simulation-based education research articles
Creators: name: Ahn, Byunghoon (Tony)
name: Maurice-Ventouris, Meagane
name: Bilgic, Elif
name: Yang, Alison
name: Lau, Clarissa Hin-Hei
name: Peters, Hannah
name: Li, Kexin
name: Chang-Ou, Deuscies
name: Harley, Jason M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix A. Review Protocol. Appendix B. PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist. Appendix C. Data Charting Process. Appendix D. Study characteristics. Figure D1. Articles published by year. Figure D2. Percentage of first (or corresponding) authors’ affiliated institution’s country. Figure D3. Number of articles by specific study design. Figure D4. Number of articles featuring population type. Figure D5. Number of times mood, EI, stress, or emotions featured in the articles. Figure D6. Percentage of articles by combination of constructs featured. Table D1. Types of simulators featured. Appendix E. List of scales featured for measuring emotions.
Interaction-Aware Actual Causation: A Building Block for Accountability in Security Protocols
Creators: name: Sharma, Divya
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Protocols involving multiple agents and their interactions are ubiquitous. Protocols for tasks such as authentication, electronic voting, and secure multi-party computation ensure desirable security properties if participating agents follow their prescribed programs. However, if some agents choose to deviate from their prescribed programs and a security property is violated, it is important to hold agents accountable, i.e. assign blame for their choices and actions, and to fix deficiencies in the protocol design. Prior work in accountability has focused primarily on detecting or punishing deviations. This dissertation proposes a novel interaction-aware approach to actual causation (i.e., the identification of particular agents’ choices to deviate, and interactions which caused a specific violation). We propose this approach as a useful building block for accountability in interacting multi-agent systems, including but not limited to security protocols. The definitions  of actual cause in this dissertation are inspired by prior work on actual causation in philosophy, law, and computer science. However, prior frameworks do not account for the program dynamics that arise in protocol-based settings and do not naturally capture agent interactions and agents’ choices to deviate. Motivated by these applications and challenges, we make two main contributions. First, we propose a theory of actual causation with choice and interaction as key components. Specifically,we define in an interacting program model, what it means for a sequence of program expressions (modeling choices, actions and interactions) to be an actual cause of a violation. We demonstrate that our theory significantly advances the state-of-the-art in the research area of actual causation by combining process-oriented and counterfactual-based viewpoints in prior work. A careful treatment of interaction and choice enables us to cleanly deal with a known set of issues that plague extant theories, including expressing concise interaction models and over-permissive counterfactual-based definitions. Second, we demonstrate the value of this theory in the domain of security and privacy protocols, by proving that violations of a specific class of safety properties always have an actual cause. We also present a sound technique for establishing program actions as actual causes. Additionally, we provide a causal analysis of a representative protocol, designed to address weaknesses in the current public key certification infrastructure. Our theory clearly distinguishes between deviances and actual causes which is important from the standpoint of accountability
RSOS Quantum Chains Associated with Off-Critical Minimal Models and $\mathbb{Z}_n$ Parafermions
Creators: name: Bianchini, Davide
name: Ercolessi, Elisa
name: Pearce, Paul A.
name: Ravanini, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the $φ_{1,3}$ off-critical perturbation ${\cal M}(m,m';t)$ of the general non-unitary minimal models where $2\le m\le m'$ and $m, m'$ are coprime and $t$ measures the departure from criticality corresponding to the $φ_{1,3}$ integrable perturbation. We view these models as the continuum scaling limit in the ferromagnetic Regime III of the Forrester-Baxter Restricted Solid-On-Solid (RSOS) models on the square lattice. We also consider the RSOS models in the antiferromagnetic Regime II related in the continuum scaling limit to $\mathbb{Z}_n$ parfermions with $n=m'-2$. Using an elliptic Yang-Baxter algebra of planar tiles encoding the allowed face configurations, we obtain the Hamiltonians of the associated quantum chains defined as the logarithmic derivative of the transfer matrices with periodic boundary conditions. The transfer matrices and Hamiltonians act on a vector space of paths on the $A_{m'-1}$ Dynkin diagram whose dimension is counted by generalized Fibonacci numbers.
description: 18 pages
Itaconate inhibits TET DNA dioxygenases to dampen inflammatory responses
Creators: name: Lan, F.
name: Li, Z.
name: Duan, C.
name: Zhang, L.
name: Cheng, Z.-L.
name: Guan, K.-L.
name: Zhou, N.
name: Liu, K.‐Y.
name: Smith, M.D.
name: Morcelle, C.
name: Xu, Y.
name: Chen, X.
name: Baldwin, A.S.
name: Zhang, C.
name: Xiong, Y.
name: Cheng, M.
name: Gao, Y.
name: Yang, H.
name: Shi, M.
name: Zhu, Y.
name: Sun, Y.
name: Chen, L.-L.
name: Ye, D.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Lyu, Y.
name: Chang, X.
name: Zhou, Y.
name: Tan, X.-M.
name: Yin, J.
name: Lu, G.
name: Liu, Y.
name: Shen, L.
name: Song, J.
name: He, C.
name: Qian, M.
name: Ren, Z.-Z.
name: Qi, T.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2022

description: As one of the most induced genes in activated macrophages, immune-responsive gene 1 (IRG1) encodes a mitochondrial metabolic enzyme catalysing the production of itaconic acid (ITA). Although ITA has an anti-inflammatory property, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we show that ITA is a potent inhibitor of the TET-family DNA dioxygenases. ITA binds to the same site on TET2 as the co-substrate α-ketoglutarate, inhibiting TET2 catalytic activity. Lipopolysaccharide treatment, which induces Irg1 expression and ITA accumulation, inhibits Tet activity in macrophages. Transcriptome analysis reveals that TET2 is a major target of ITA in suppressing lipopolysaccharide-induced genes, including those regulated by the NF-κB and STAT signalling pathways. In vivo, ITA decreases the levels of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced acute pulmonary oedema as well as lung and liver injury, and protects mice against lethal endotoxaemia, depending on the catalytic activity of Tet2. Our study thus identifies ITA as an immune modulatory metabolite that selectively inhibits TET enzymes to dampen the inflammatory responses.
Assimilation of wall-pressure measurements in high-speed flow over a cone
Creators: name: Buchta, David A.
name: Laurence, Stuart J.
name: Zaki, Tamer A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A nonlinear ensemble-variational (EnVar) data assimilation is performed in order to estimate the unknown flow field over a slender cone at Mach-6, from isolated wall-pressure measurements. The cost functional accounts for discrepancies in wall-pressure spectra and total intensity between the experiment and the prediction using direct numerical simulations (DNS), as well as our relative confidence in the measurements and the estimated state. We demonstrate the robustness of the predicted flow by direct propagation of posterior statistics. The approach provides a unique first look at the flow beyond the sensor data, and rigorously accounts for the role of nonlinearity unlike previous efforts that adopted ad-hoc inflow syntheses. Away from the wall, two- and three-dimensional assimilated states both show rope-like structures, qualitatively similar to independent schlieren visualizations. Despite this resemblance, and even though the planar second modes are the most unstable upstream, three-dimensional (3D) waves must be included in the assimilation in order to accurately reproduce the wall-pressure measurements recorded in the Ludwieg-Tube facility. The results highlight the importance of three-dimensionality of the field and of the base-state distortion on the instability waves in this experiment, and motivate future measurements that probe the 3D nature of the flow field.
Constraining massless dilaton theory at Solar system scales with the planetary ephemeris INPOP
Creators: name: Bernus, L.
name: Minazzoli, O.
name: Fienga, A.
name: Hees, A.
name: Gastineau, M.
name: Laskar, J.
name: Deram, P.
name: Di Ruscio, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We expose the phenomenology of the massless dilaton theory in the Solar system for a non universal quadratic coupling between the scalar field which represents the dilaton, and the matter. Modified post-Newtonian equations of motion of an $N$-body system and the light time travel are derived from the action of the theory. We use the physical properties of the main planets of the Solar system to reduce the number of parameters to be tested to 3 in the linear coupling case. In the linear case, we have an universal coupling constant $α_0$ and two coupling constants $α_T$ and $α_G$ related respectively to the telluric bodies and to the gaseous bodies. We then use the planetary ephemeris, INPOP19a, in order to constrain these constants. We succeeded to constrain the linear coupling scenario and the constraints read $α_0=(1.01\pm23.7)\times 10^{-5}$, $α_T=(0.00\pm24.5)\times 10^{-6}$, $α_G=(-1.46\pm12.0)\times 10^{-5}$, at the 99.5 \% C.L.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables. Might have minor differences with published version
Newly discovered $z\sim5$ quasars based on deep learning and Bayesian information criterion
Creators: name: Shin, Suhyun
name: Im, Myungshin
name: Kim, Yongjung
name: Jiang, Linhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of four quasars with $M_{1450} \gtrsim -25.0$ mag at $z\sim5$ and supermassive black hole mass measurement for one of the quasars. They were selected as promising high-redshift quasar candidates via deep learning and Bayesian information criterion, which are expected to be effective in discriminating quasars from the late-type stars and high-redshift galaxies. The candidates were observed by the Double Spectrograph on the Palomar 200-inch Hale Telescope. They show clear Ly$α$ breaks at about 7000-8000 Å, indicating they are quasars at $4.7 < z < 5.6$. For HSC J233107-001014, we measure the mass of its supermassive black hole (SMBH) using its C\Romannum{4}$λ1549$ emission line. The SMBH mass and Eddington ratio of the quasar are found to be $\sim 10^8 M_{\odot}$ and $\sim 0.6$, respectively. This suggests that this quasar possibly harbors a fast growing SMBH near the Eddington limit despite its faintness ($L_{\rm Bol} < 10^{46}$ erg s$^{-1}$). Our 100 $\%$ quasar identification rate supports high efficiency of our deep learning and Bayesian information criterion selection method, which can be applied to future surveys to increase high-redshift quasar sample.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in JKAS
The rotational behavior of Kepler Stars with Planets
Creators: name: Paz-Chinchón, F.
name: Leão, I. C.
name: Bravo, J. P.
name: de Freitas, D. B.
name: Lopes, C. E. Ferreira
name: Alves, S.
name: Catelan, M.
name: Martins, B. L. Canto
name: De Medeiros, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyzed the host stars of the present sample of confirmed planets detected by Kepler and Kepler Objects of Interest (KOI) to compute new photometric rotation periods and to study the behavior of their angular momentum. Lomb-Scargle periodograms and wavelet maps were computed for 3,807 stars. For 540 of these stars, we were able to detect rotational modulation of the light curves at a significance level of greater than 99%. For 63 of these 540 stars, no rotation measurements were previously available in the literature. According to the published masses and evolutionary tracks of the stars in this sample, the sample is composed of M- to F-type stars (with masses of 0.48-1.53 M$_{\odot}$) with rotation periods that span a range of 2 to 89 days. These periods exhibit an excellent agreement with previously reported (for the stars for which such values are available), and the observed rotational period distribution strongly agrees with theoretical predictions. Furthermore, for the 540 sources considered here, the stellar angular momentum provides an important test of Kraft's relation based on the photometric rotation periods. Finally, this study directly contributes in a direct approach to our understanding of how angular momentum is distributed between the host star and its (detected) planetary system; the role of angular momentum exchange in such systems is an unavoidable piece of the stellar rotation puzzle.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Complex paths around the sign problem
Creators: name: Bedaque, P.F.
name: Warrington, N.C.
name: Alexandru, A.
name: Başar, G.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2022

description: The Monte Carlo evaluation of path integrals is one of a few general purpose methods to approach strongly coupled systems. It is used in all branches of physics, from QCD and nuclear physics to the correlated electron systems. However, many systems of great importance (dense matter inside neutron stars, the repulsive Hubbard model away from half filling, and dynamical and nonequilibrium observables) are not amenable to the Monte Carlo method as it currently stands due to the so-called sign problem. A new set of ideas recently developed to tackle the sign problem based on the complexification of field space and the Picard-Lefshetz theory accompanying it is reviewed. The mathematical ideas underpinning this approach, as well as the algorithms developed thus far, are described together with nontrivial examples where the method has already been proved successful. Directions of future work, including the burgeoning use of machine learning techniques, are delineated.
Testing the weak cosmic censorship conjecture for extremal magnetized Kerr-Newman black holes
Creators: name: Gao, Yunjiao
name: Gao, Sijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test the weak cosmic censorship conjecture for magnetized Kerr-Newman spacetime via the method of injecting a test particle. Hence, we need to know how the black hole's parameters change when a test particle enters the horizon. This was an unresolved issue for non-asymptotically flat spacetimes since there are ambiguities on the energies of black holes and particles. We find a novel approach to solve the problem. We start with the "physical process version" of the first law, which relates the particle's parameters with the change in the area of the black hole. By comparing this first law with the usual first law of black hole thermodynamics, we redefine the particle's energy such that the energy can match the mass parameter of the black hole. Then, we show that the horizon of the extremal magnetized Kerr-Newman black hole could be destroyed after a charged test particle falls in, which leads to a possible violation of the weak cosmic censorship conjecture. We also find that the allowed parameter range for this process is very small, which indicates that after the self-force and radiation effects are taken into account, the weak cosmic censorship conjecture could still be valid. In contrast to the case where the magnetic field is absent, the particle cannot be released at infinity to destroy the horizon. And in the case of a weak magnetic field, the releasing point becomes closer to the horizon as the magnetic field increases. This indicates that the magnetic field makes the violation of the cosmic censorship more difficult. Finally, by applying our new method to Kerr-Newman-dS (AdS) black holes, which are well-known non-asymptotically flat spacetimes, we obtain the expression of the particle's energy which matches the black hole's mass parameter.
description: 18 pages,4 figures,accepted for publication in European Physical Journal C
Picture Fuzzy Interactional Bonferroni Mean Operators via Strict Triangular Norms and Applications to Multi-Criteria Decision Making
Creators: name: Liu, Lantian
name: Wu, Xinxing
name: Chen, Guanrong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Based on the closed operational laws in picture fuzzy numbers and strict triangular norms, we extend the Bonferroni mean (BM) operator under the picture fuzzy environment to propose the picture fuzzy interactional Bonferroni mean (PFIBM), picture fuzzy interactional weighted Bonferroni mean (PFIWBM), and picture fuzzy interactional normalized weighted Bonferroni mean (PFINWBM) operators. We prove the monotonicity, idempotency, boundedness, and commutativity for the PFIBM and PFINWBM operators. We also establish a novel multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) method under the picture fuzzy environment by applying the PFINWBM operator. Furthermore, we apply our MCDM method to the enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems selection. The comparative results for our MCDM method induced by six classes of well-known triangular norms ensure that the best selection is always the same ERP system. Therefore, our MCDM method is effective for dealing with the picture fuzzy MCDM problems.
description: This paper has been accepted by IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems
Introduction to the application of the dynamical systems theory in the study of the dynamics of cosmological models of dark energy
Creators: name: García-Salcedo, Ricardo
name: Gonzalez, Tame
name: Horta-Rangel, Francisco A.
name: Quiros, Israel
name: Sanchez-Guzmán, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 83F05 Cosmology, 97C90

description: The theory of the dynamical systems is a very complex subject which has brought several surprises in the recent past in connection with the theory of chaos and fractals. The application of the tools of the dynamical systems in cosmological settings is less known in spite of the amount of published scientific papers on this subject. In this paper a -- mostly pedagogical -- introduction to the application in cosmology of the basic tools of the dynamical systems theory is presented. It is shown that, in spite of their amazing simplicity, these allow to extract essential information on the asymptotic dynamics of a wide variety of cosmological models. The power of these tools is illustrated within the context of the so called $Λ$CDM and scalar field models of dark energy. This paper is suitable for teachers, undergraduate and postgraduate students from physics and mathematics disciplines.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
An experimentalist's view of the uncertainties in understanding heavy element synthesis
Creators: name: Loveland, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The overall uncertainties in predicting heavy element synthesis cross sections are examined in terms of the uncertainties associated with the calculations of capture cross sections, fusion probabilities and survival probabilities. Attention is focussed on hot fusion reactions. The predicted heavy element formation cross sections are uncertain to at least one order of magnitude.
The rise and fall of stellar discs across the peak of cosmic star formation history: mergers versus smooth accretion
Creators: name: Welker, Charlotte
name: Dubois, Yohan
name: Devriendt, Julien
name: Pichon, Christophe
name: Kaviraj, Sugata
name: Peirani, Sebastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Building galaxy merger trees from a state-of-the-art cosmological hydrodynamics simulation, Horizon-AGN, we perform a statistical study of how mergers and smooth accretion drive galaxy morphologic properties above $z > 1$. More specifically, we investigate how stellar densities, effective radii and shape parameters derived from the inertia tensor depend on mergers of different mass ratios. We find strong evidence that smooth accretion tends to flatten small galaxies over cosmic time, leading to the formation of disks. On the other hand, mergers, and not only the major ones, exhibit a propensity to puff up and destroy stellar disks, confirming the origin of elliptical galaxies. We also find that elliptical galaxies are more susceptible to grow in size through mergers than disc galaxies with a size-mass evolution $r \prop M^{1.2}$ instead of $r \prop M^{-0.5} - M^{0.5}$ depending on the merger mass ratio. The gas content drive the size-mass evolution due to merger with a faster size growth for gas-poor galaxies $r \prop M^2$ than for gas-rich galaxies $r \prop M$.
description: 16 pages, 19 figures, submitted to MNRAS