Pseudosinella sexocellata Jordana and Baquero 2025, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Baquero, Enrique
name: Barranco, Pablo
name: Jordana, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Entomobryomorpha
Entomobryidae
Pseudosinella
Pseudosinella sexocellata

description: 3.2.1. Pseudosinella sexocellata Jordana and Baquero sp. nov.
http://zoobank.org/ CECBC14F-3AC9-40D9-A606-2B489F0A992F, accessed on 12 February 2025.
Figures 2A–G, 3A–C and 4A–C.
Type Locality
Cueva Covadura, municipal district of Sorbas, Almería, Spain.
Type Material
Holotype. Female, 16.x.2001, slide labelled “PBCO-098”, Ruiz-Portero leg. Paratypes, all Ruiz-Portero leg. unless otherwise stated (sample, in tube with ethyl alcohol, on slide): Complejo GEP, PBGE-064, 1, 1. Cueva Covadura, PBCO-086, 1, 1; PBCO-087, 0, 1; PBCO-088, 0, 1; PBCO-089, 0, 1; PBCO-090, 1, 1; PBCO-091, 0, 1; PBCO-092, 5, 1; PBCO-093, 16, 1; PBCO-094, 3, 1; PBCO-095, 68, 1; PBCO-096, 1, 1; PBCO-097, 0, 1; PBCO-099, 7, 1; PBCO-100, 0, 1; PBCO-101, 0, 1; PBCO-102, 0, 1; PBCO-103, 1, 1; PBCO-104, 1, 1; PBCO-105, 59, 1; PBCO-106, 0, 1; PBCO-107, 9, 1; PBCO-108, 13, 1; PBCO-109, 14, 1; PBCO-110, 1, 1. Cueva Apas (Ruiz-Portero and Fernández leg.), PBAP-009, 6, 2; PBAP-010, 0, 2 (Barranco and Amate leg.); PBAP-011, 29, 2; PBAP-012, 182, 2; PBAP-013, 70, 2; PBCO-118, 26, 1. Cueva del Agua, PBAG-001, 0, 1; PBAG-002, 8, 1; PBAG-003, 1, 1. All deposited at the Museum of Zoology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MZNA).
Etymology
The name refers to the total number of eyes on the head.
Diagnosis
With 3 + 3 ocelli. Antennae only slightly longer than head. Ant III sense organ with two rod-like and three additional sensilla. Not ringed area of dens 2–3 times the length of mucro. Claws elongated, with four internal teeth; tenent hair capitate. Reduced formula: R 0 R 1 R 2011 /00/0201 + 2/s, paBQ 1 q 2, M 1 M 2 rEL 1 L 2.
Description
Body length up to 1.34 mm. Colour: white or light yellowish. Only eyes pigmented.
Head with three eyes by side (ABG). Intraocular chaetae p, t, and s present. Only A 0, A 2, A 3, An 1, An 2, An 2a-c, An 3a, An 3, S 4 and Pa 5 as Mc (Figure 2A). Ratio antenna/cephalic diagonal 1.06–1.40. Antennal segments I/II/III/IV ratios 1/1.5–2.0/1.2–1.6/2.3–3.4 (Figure 2B). Ant IV: apical vesicle absent; in this segment, there are some tiny sensilla on the two distal thirds, smooth and cylindrical, clearly different from the normal chaetae. Ant III sense organ with the common configuration: two rod-like sensilla encased in its pit and more or less one above the other, two guard sensilla one each side, and the last one, the spiny guard sensilla at the other side of the segment (Figure 2 B’). Ant I with three small chaetae on its distal part. Antennae without scales. Prelabral chaetae (four) ciliated, labral rows a, m, and p all smooth. Labral papillae with a middle chaeta-like projection. Formula of the labial base M 1 M 2 rEL 1 L 2 (M 1 is very wide and with ciliation very evident; M 2, E, L 1, and L 2 apparently smooth, but have the ciliation weaker and appressed; some lack the r chaeta); the remaining chaetae of labium apparently smooth; post-labial area with ciliated chaeta, some with sort fringes, and 1–2 vestigial or “x” chaetae (Figure 2C). Bifurcate maxillary palp with three smooth sublobal chaetae. Labial papilla (l.p.) E with finger-shaped process not reaching the base of apical appendage.
Body. Legs without scales. Only two lateral Mc with big alveoli; other chaetae, probably longer than mic but with smaller alveoli. Trochanteral organ with ca 17–20 chaetae (Figure 2D). Differentiated supra-empodial inner chaeta on hind tibiotarsus well differentiated and acuminate. Dorsal tibiotarsal tenent hair capitate, 0.75 times the length of inner margin of claw. Claw with four internal teeth: the basal paired at different position, approximately 30 and 40% from base, respectively, an unpaired well developed, at 75%, and another unpaired sometimes almost as a notch; lateral teeth and dorsal tooth at the level of paired. Empodium appendage acuminate, serrate externally on its distal half (Figure 2E). Retinaculum with 4 + 4 teeth and one ciliated chaeta. Ventral tube without scales; lateral flap with 7 slightly ciliated chaetae (2 bigger than the rest), and 3 + 3 posterior chaetae. Manubrium and dens with scales only ventrally (anterior); two internal and three external chaetae related to two pseudopores of manubrial plate (Figure 2F); not ringed area of dentes 1.5–2 times the length of mucro; mucro with distal tooth slightly longer than the anteapical; basal spine reaching and surpassing the tip of anteapical tooth (Figure 2G).
Macrochaetotaxy (Figures 3A–C and 4A–C). Th II and Th III without Mc. Abd II: chaetae p, a, and q 2 as ciliated mic, chaetae B and q 1 as broad ciliated Mc (q 1 shorter than B and with a smaller alveoli, and with delicate fringes); mi and ml chaetae over bothriotrichum (m 2) fan-shaped; lm and ll over bothriotrichum (a 5) fan-shaped mic. Abd III: mi and ml over bothriotrichum m 2, and li, lm, and ll over bothriotrichum a 5 fan-shaped; a 2 as slightly broadened ciliated mic; ‘as’ in equidistant to a 3 and p 3, that are apparently smooth mic, the same as m 3 and m 4; im, em, and a 6 surrounding bothriotrichum a 5, and am6 next bothriotrichum m 5 as slightly ciliated pointed mic; a 7 as mic m 5 bothriotrichum; pm 6 and p 6 as Mc without d 3 between them; ‘ms’ (d 2) between p 5 and p 6; m 7, p 7, and p 8 as mic. Abd IV: accessory chaeta ‘s’ in the anterior trichobothrial complex present (absent in one asymmetrical specimen). Medial chaeta B 5 below the level of the trichobothrium T 4. Pseudopore between B 5 and B 6. Reduced formula (from Gisin 1965, 1967a, b) [29 – 31]: R 0 R 1 R 2011 /00/0201 + 2/s, paBQ 1 q 2, M 1 M 2 rEL 1 L 2; C 1, B 5–6; ratio between C 1 -B 5 /B 5 -B 6 near 1.00, n = 2; two lateral mac (E 2 and F 1); T 5 as mic; before T 2 bothriotrichum four ciliated mic (a, m, s, and D 1).
Remarks
There are 31 species described with 3 + 3 eyes, but only 12 have 2 anterior and 1 posterior on each side. Independently (among those with 3 + 3 eyes, regardless of their arrangement), only 12 lack Mc in Th II, and among them, only 4 have chaeta p present on Abd II (P. gutierrezae Simón-Benito & Palacios-Vargas, 2008, and P. torcuatoensis Simón-Benito & Palacios-Vargas, 2008, both from La Rioja, Spain [39]; P. ops Christiansen & Bellinger, 1998, from Virginia, USA [22]; and P. sexoculata Schött, 1902, from North USA [40] and P. sexoculata from Europe: Sweden, Finland, England, France, Austria, and Spain [41]), but only one of them coincides with the new species in the presence of Q 1 as Mc (P. sexoculata from USA, Mc smooth; P. sexoculata from Europe, Mc ciliate). It is distinguished from P. sexoculata (both American and European specimens, which probably belong to different species) by the chaetotaxy of the labium: M 2, E, L 1, and L 2 are completely smooth in P. sexoculata, whereas they are ciliated in the new species. The differences in many other characters between these species are presented in Table 2.
description: Published as part of Baquero, Enrique, Barranco, Pablo & Jordana, Rafael, 2025, Collembola from the Gypsum Karst of Sorbas (Almería, Spain), with Descriptions of Three New Species, pp. 1-29 in Insects 16 (3) on pages 7-11, DOI: 10.3390/insects16030309, http://zenodo.org/record/15084959