Assessment of Vitamin A, Vitamin B 12 and Iron levels Among Tuberculosis Patients and Co-infected with HIV before and after TB treatment. Longitudinal Cohort study
Creators: name: Alemayehu, Mihret
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Background: Tuberculosis (Tb) is major cause of morbidity and mortality, for millions of peoples worldwide. Of the different risk factors associated with Tb development and progress, deficiency of micronutrients (vitamins and minerals), mentioned one. In this regards association of micronutrients during development of Tb and then after Tb treatments scarcely found in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess the level of micronutrients (Vitamin A, Vitamin B12 and Iron) among M. tuberculosis patients with and without HIV confection at baseline and after anti TB treatment. Material and method: This study was conduct on serum samples, collected from M.TB patients with and without HIV infection, attending at different health centers in Addis Ababa. The collected samples were stored at EPHI at - 80 0 C, for about 10 years. Convenient sampling method used to select TB only (87), TB-HIV confection (57), latent TB (25) and healthy controls (21). Socio-demographic data was collected from the previously collected log book. The concentration of Iron and Vitamin B12 was measured by using chemiluminesense method; whereas concentration of retinol measured by using HPLC method. The collected data enter and analyzed by using SPSS statistical software version 20. P-values less than 0.05 considered as statistical significant. Result: of the total 190 participants, about 57 had both TB- HIV (HIV+TB+), 87 had TB only (HIV-TB+), 25 had latent TB (HIV-TST+) and 21 healthy controls (TB-HIV-) were are included in the study. The median age of study participants in each study groups with inter quartile range, 30(28-38) years in TB-HIV, 27 (21-32) years in TB only, 23(20-31) years in latent and 24(20-27) years were in healthy controls. Female study participants had major proportions in all cases, except in TB-HIV cases where males were dominant. The concentration of vitamin A, Vitamin B 12 and Iron had significant difference before and after Tb treatments both in Tb patients with and without HIV-co-infections. But these differences was not seen when Tb only patients (at 0 and after 6 month therapy) micronutrient concentrations compared with Tb with HIV co infected patients (at 0 and 6 months after treatments. On the other hand there was statistical significant different between M0 Tb patients with and without HIV co-infections compared with latent Tb and healthy controls on Iron, Vitamin A and Vitamin B12 concentration, while theses difference becomes non-significant after 6 months of Tb therap Conclusion and recommendation: The present study demonstrated that micronutrient deficiencies may related with development of Tb diseases. Measurement of Micronutrients for those latent Tb patients might indicate the progress of overt Tb developments. Thus, micronutrient supplements during Tb treatment might help to enhance Tb cure rates for those Tb patients. But still large scale active longitudinal studies need to undertake to consolidates the present findings. Key word: Tuberculosis, Vitamin B 12, Retinol, Iron, Micronutrients