cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Market Experiment on Trade Promotion Budget and Allocation
Creators: name: Gomez, Miguel I.
name: Rao, Vithala R.
name: Yuan, Hong
name: Gomez, Miguel I.
name: Rao, Vithala R.
name: Yuan, Hong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: trade promotion
subject: market experiments

description: We design a market experiment to examine how firm size and ability to choose trade promotion types influence trade promotion budget, its allocation and channel profits. Our experimental results show that larger manufacturers offer smaller trade promotion budgets. Manufacturers with ability to influence the allocation decision favor scan-backs while retailers favor off-invoices. Trade promotion decisions affect profit sharing within the channel but not total channel profit. We validate these findings with an econometric analysis of survey data from supermarket executives. Overall, our results suggest that market experiments can shed light on trade promotion outcomes for which industry data are sparse.
Metro, Micro, and Non-Core: A 3-year Portrait of Broadband Supply and Demand in Oklahoma
Creators: name: Whitacre, Brian E.
name: Whitacre, Brian E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Broadband
subject: Internet
subject: Diffusion
subject: Rural

description: Rural communities suffer from both supply and demand-side disadvantages when dealing with Internet access. Telecommunications companies are less likely to provide them with needed infrastructure due to lower population densities, and they also tend to have lower levels of specific factors known to influence the access decision such as education and income. This study looks at the broadband Internet setting in Oklahoma over a 3-year period, examining the diffusion of both infrastructure and access rates. A non-linear decomposition technique allows for measurement of how specific characteristics, including the availability of infrastructure, contribute to observed metropolitan – micropolitan or metropolitan – noncore “digital divides.” The results suggest that while differences in infrastructure are consistently only minor contributors to the divide, their importance has increased as knowledge about the Internet has diffused.
Nuclear matrix elements of double beta decay from beta decay
Creators: name: Suhonen, Jouni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evaluation of the nuclear matrix elements (NME) of the two-neutrino double beta ($2νββ$) decay and neutrinoless double beta ($0νββ$) decay using the proton-neutron quasiparticle random-phase approximation (pnQRPA) is addressed. In particular, the extraction of a proper value of the proton-neutron particle-particle interaction parameter, $g_{\rm pp}$, of this theory is analyzed in detail. Evidence is shown, that it can be misleading to use the experimental half-life of the $2νββ$ decay to extract a value for $g_{\rm pp}$. Rather, arguments are given in favour of using the available data on single beta decay for this purpose.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Coupled Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states induced by a many-body molecular spin on a superconductor
Creators: name: Rubio-Verdú, Carmen
name: Zaldívar, Javier
name: Žitko, Rok
name: Pascual, Jose Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A magnetic impurity on a superconductor induces Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) bound states, detected by tunneling spectroscopy as long-lived quasiparticle excitations inside the superconducting gap. Coupled YSR states constitute basic elements to engineer artificial superconducting states, but their substrate-mediated interactions are generally weak. In this paper, we report that intramolecular (Hund's like) exchange interactions produce coupled YSR states across a molecular platform. We measured YSR spectra along a magnetic iron-porphyrin on Pb(111) and found evidences of two orbital interaction channels, which invert their particle-hole asymmetry across the molecule. Numerical calculations show that the identical YSR asymmetry pattern of the two channels is caused by two spin-hosting orbitals with opposite potential scattering and coupled strongly. Both channels can be similarly excited by tunneling electrons into each orbital, depicting a new scenario for entangled superconducting bound states using molecular platforms.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, This document is the Author's version of an Accepted Work, copyright American Physical Society
title: Geschlechterordnung als Raumordnung. Vergeschlechtlichte Raumordnungen und Mobilitätspraktiken in der südosttürkischen Provinz Hatay
Creators: name: Yüksel, Gökçen
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Bildungsraum
subject: Gender
subject: Geschlechterverhältnis
subject: Mobilität
subject: Raum
subject: Türkei
subject: ddc:303

description: Der folgende Beitrag befasst sich mit dem Zusammenhang von Geschlechter- und Raumordnungen. Auf der Grundlage einer ethnografischen Studie in der südosttürkischen Provinz Hatay wird aufgezeigt, wie vergeschlechtlichte Raumordnungen die Raumund Mobilitätspraktiken von Frauen und Mädchen prägen und regulieren. Eine zentrale Annahme der Studie ist, dass Zugängen zu Bildungseinrichtungen eine besondere Rolle zukommt, da durch neue Sichtbarkeiten und räumliche Mobilitätspraktiken junger Frauen und Mädchen die vorherrschende vergeschlechtlichte Raumordnung und die strikte Trennung des Raumes in öffentlich und privat irritiert werden.
Additional file 5 of Audit and feedback to improve laboratory test and transfusion ordering in critical care: a systematic review
Creators: name: Foster, Madison
name: Presseau, Justin
name: McCleary, Nicola
name: Carroll, Kelly
name: Lauralyn McIntyre
name: Hutton, Brian
name: Brehaut, Jamie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional File 5. Definitions of Appropriateness (Microsoft Word document, .docx). Additional File 5 describes how each study assessed appropriateness of tests and/or transfusions (as applicable).
Dynamics of momentum entanglement in lowest-order QED
Creators: name: Lamata, L.
name: Leon, J.
name: Solano, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of momentum entanglement generated in the lowest-order QED interaction between two massive spin-1/2 charged particles, which grows in time as the two fermions exchange virtual photons. We observe that the degree of generated entanglement between interacting particles with initial well-defined momentum can be infinite. We explain this divergence in the context of entanglement theory for continuous variables, and show how to circumvent this apparent paradox. Finally, we discuss two different possibilities of transforming momentum into spin entanglement, through dynamical operations or through Lorentz boosts.
description: 10 pages and 7 figures. Accepted in PRA
Evaluating the Effect of Timeline Shape on Visualization Task Performance
Creators: name: Di Bartolomeo, Sara
name: Pandey, Aditeya
name: Leventidis, Aristotelis
name: Saffo, David
name: Syeda, Uzma Haque
name: Carstensdottir, Elin
name: El-Nasr, Magy Seif
name: Borkin, Michelle A.
name: Dunne, Cody
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Timelines are commonly represented on a horizontal line, which is not necessarily the most effective way to visualize temporal event sequences. However, few experiments have evaluated how timeline shape influences task performance. We present the design and results of a controlled experiment run on Amazon Mechanical Turk (n=192) in which we evaluate how timeline shape affects task completion time, correctness, and user preference. We tested 12 combinations of 4 shapes -- horizontal line, vertical line, circle, and spiral -- and 3 data types -- recurrent, non-recurrent, and mixed event sequences. We found good evidence that timeline shape meaningfully affects user task completion time but not correctness and that users have a strong shape preference. Building on our results, we present design guidelines for creating effective timeline visualizations based on user task and data types. A free copy of this paper, the evaluation stimuli and data, and code are available at https://osf.io/qr5yu/
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
title: Partizipation als Legitimationsnorm: Ambivalenzen digitaler Arbeits- und Produktionsformen aus geschlechtersensibler Perspektive
Creators: name: Schmitz, Luki Sarah
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Commons-based Peer Production
subject: Crowdwork
subject: Partizipation
subject: Partizipationsimperativ
subject: Soziale Arbeit
subject: ddc:300

description: Der Beitrag setzt sich aus geschlechtertheoretischer Perspektive mit ambivalenten Folgen von Digitalisierungsprozessen auf Arbeits- und Produktionsformen auseinander. Im Zentrum stehen dabei Crowdwork und Commons-based Peer Production als zwei Formen, die je unterschiedliche Narrative der Partizipation in sich tragen. Im Verlauf der Analyse wird deutlich, dass der zugrunde liegende Partizipationsimperativ in einen paradoxalen Umschlag führt, der entgegen der Hoffnung nach mehr Autonomie, Selbstgestaltung und Flexibilität, verschiedene Formen von Prekarität nach sich zieht. Die darin enthaltene geschlechtliche Dimension wird herausgearbeitet und Erklärungen für die Paradoxie gegeben.
Robustness of Measurement-Induced Correlations Under Decoherence Effect
Creators: name: Bhuvaneswari, S.
name: Muthuganesan, R.
name: Radha, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we study the dynamics of quantum correlation measures such as entanglement and measurement-induced nonlocality (MIN). Starting from an arbitrary Bell diagonal mixed states under Markovian local noise such as bit-phase flip, depolarizing and generalized amplitude damping channel, we provide the decays of the entanglement measured by concurrence and quantum correlation captured by different forms of MIN (trace distance, Hilbert-Schmidt norm and relative entropy) as a function of the decoherence parameters. The effect of local noises on the dynamical behaviors of quantum correlation is observed. We show the existence of specific and important features of MIN such as revival, noise robustness and sudden change with respect to decoherence parameter. It is observed that all the noises cause sudden death of entanglement for partially entangled states. Further, we show the existence of separable quantum states with non-zero quantum correlations in terms of MIN.
description: Submitted to Quantum Inf. Processing. 11 pages, comments are welcome
Quark-gluon vertex in arbitrary kinematics
Creators: name: Skullerud, Jon-Ivar
name: Bowman, Patrick O.
name: Kizilersu, Ayse
name: Leinweber, Derek B.
name: Williams, Anthony G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the quark-gluon vertex in quenched lattice QCD, in the Landau gauge using an off-shell mean-field O(a)-improved fermion action. The complete vertex is computed in two specific kinematical limits, while the Dirac-vector part is computed for arbitrary kinematics. We find a nontrivial and rich tensor structure, including a substantial infrared enhancement of the interaction strength regardless of kinematics.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, talk by JIS at QCD Down Under, Adelaide, 10-19 March 2004
title: Feminist_innen am Land – Fehlanzeige?! Geschlechterkonstruktionen, Intersektionalitäten und Perspektiven der Ermächtigung
Creators: name: Oedl-Wieser, Theresia
name: Schmitt, Mathilde
name: Seiser, Gertraud
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Arbeitsteilung
subject: Ermächtigung
subject: Feminismus
subject: Intersektionalität
subject: Ländlichkeit
subject: Widersprüchlichkeit
subject: ddc:300

description: Genderkompetenz und -sensibilität sind bei politischen und zivilgesellschaftlichen Akteur_innen in ländlichen Regionen oft nur marginal vorhanden. Jüngste Wahlergebnisse in Europa und den USA bestärken die Hypothese, dass ein „rural-urban-divide“ bei konservativen und liberalen Lebenskonzepten und -orientierungen besteht. Wie gestalten sich unter solchen Bedingungen die Lebensverhältnisse der dort lebenden Menschen? In diesem Beitrag werden zum einen die Vielfalt ländlicher Regionen und zum anderen ihre unterschiedlichen Dynamiken im Hinblick auf Geschlechterordnungen und Benachteiligungen von Frauen und Mädchen beleuchtet. Der direkte Blick in die Regionen, auf die ländliche Wirtschaft und die verschiedenen Facetten von Arbeit lässt deutlich werden, mit wie vielen Herausforderungen Frauen konfrontiert sind, wenn sie ein existenzsicherndes und selbstbestimmtes Leben auf dem Land realisieren wollen. Und wie gefährdet Errungenschaften sind, die Geschlechtergerechtigkeit garantieren.
Additional file 4 of Audit and feedback to improve laboratory test and transfusion ordering in critical care: a systematic review
Creators: name: Foster, Madison
name: Presseau, Justin
name: McCleary, Nicola
name: Carroll, Kelly
name: Lauralyn McIntyre
name: Hutton, Brian
name: Brehaut, Jamie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional File 4. Excluded Full-Text Articles Sorted by Reason for Exclusion (Microsoft Word document, .docx).
The Resource Curse: A State and Provincial Analysis
Creators: name: Olayele, Bankole Fred
name: Olayele, Bankole Fred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: natural resource curse
subject: petroleum resources
subject: unbalanced panels
subject: GMM estimation

description: A puzzling piece of empirical evidence suggests that countries rich in natural resources tend to have dismal economic performance. This paradigm has come to be known as the “resource curse”. This paper deals with the role of institutional quality in explaining the transmission mechanism of the resource curse. I attempt to explain this phenomenon by using the index of economic freedom developed by the Fraser Institute as a proxy for the quality of institutions. The outcomes of the linear and non-linear interactions between resource abundance and institutional quality turn out to be the key elements that determine the intensity, if existent, or otherwise of the resource curse. Rather than look at cross country data like many others, I focus on the 10 provinces and 50 states in Canada and the US respectively over the 2000-2005 period.
Segregation in aqueous methanol enhanced by cooling and compression
Creators: name: Dougan, L.
name: Hargreaves, R.
name: Bates, S. P.
name: Finney, J. L.
name: Reat, V.
name: Soper, A. K.
name: Crain, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular segregation in methanol-water mixtures is studied across a wide concentration range as a function of temperature and pressure. Cluster distributions obtained from both neutron diffraction and molecular dynamics simulations point to significantly enhanced segregation as the mixtures are cooled or compressed. This evolution toward greater molecular heterogenity in the mixture accounts for the observed changes in the water-water radial distribution function and there are indications also of a change in the topology of the water clusters. The observed behavior is consistent with an approach to an upper critical solution point. Such a point would appear to be ``hidden'' below the freezing line, thereby precluding observation of the two-fluid region.
description: 14 pages, 8 figs, submitted to J. Chem. Phys
PROSPECTS FOR INCREASING THE SOCIO-POLITICAL ACTIVITY OF WOMEN IN THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Creators: name: Arzimatova, Inoyatkhоn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article highlights the issues of women's activity as a subject in the public administration system, creating the basis for performing certain tasks in the public administration system as an object, that is, they bring their functions to the management system, that it consists of functions expressing the socio-demographic status, social -political aspirations of women, creating the necessary conditions for the realization of their dreams.
Additional file 3 of Audit and feedback to improve laboratory test and transfusion ordering in critical care: a systematic review
Creators: name: Foster, Madison
name: Presseau, Justin
name: McCleary, Nicola
name: Carroll, Kelly
name: Lauralyn McIntyre
name: Hutton, Brian
name: Brehaut, Jamie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional File 3. PRISMA Checklist(49) (Microsoft Word document, .docx).
Pulse Policy Reform in India: Implications for Trade, Prices and Production, 1970-1999
Creators: name: Agbola, Frank W.
name: Agbola, Frank W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: India
subject: pulses
subject: policy reform
subject: international trade.

description: India is a major producer and consumer of pulses in the world. In the last two decades, India’s pulse economy has undergone major policy and institutional reforms. These changes are likely to influence India’s trade in pulses and consequently world pulse trade. This article examines the impact of these reforms on trade, prices and production in India. The article discusses the factors that instigated these policy reforms and the consequences. The results indicate that a number of key economic, political and technological factors are reshaping pulse trade in India. The policy implications of the findings are explored.
Analytical realization of finite-size scaling for Anderson localization. Does the band of critical states exist for d>2?
Creators: name: Suslov, I. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analytical realization is suggested for the finite-size scaling algorithm based on the consideration of auxiliary quasi-1D systems. Comparison of the obtained analytical results with the results of numerical calculations indicates that the Anderson transition point is splitted into the band of critical states. This conclusion is supported by direct numerical evidence (Edwards and Thouless, 1972; Last and Thouless, 1974; Schreiber, 1985; 1990). The possibility of restoring the conventional picture still exists but requires a radical reinterpretetion of the raw numerical data.
description: PDF, 11 pages
Additional file 1 of Selective inhibition of neuronal Cav3.3 T-type calcium channels by TAT-based channel peptide
Creators: name: Cmarko, Leos
name: Weiss, Norbert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Extended methodology and supplemental data.
An empirical examination of import demand for pulses in India
Creators: name: Agbola, Frank W.
name: Damoense, Maylene Y.
name: Agbola, Frank W.
name: Damoense, Maylene Y.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: India
subject: pulses
subject: import demand
subject: unit root.

description: India is the largest producer and importer of pulses in the world. Since 1970, the Indian food economy has undergone major policy reforms, including trade liberalisation, that had the effect of opening up its domestic pulse market to international trade. This market is very lucrative and of major significance to the world pulse economy. Therefore, given the increasing evidence linking import demand and economic variables, an understanding of the impact of these variables on import demand for pulses in India is warranted. The import demand functions for total pulses, chickpea and lentils were estimated by autocorrelation regression procedure using time-series data for the period 1970 through to 2000. Empirical results indicate that real GDP, population, urbanisation, exchange rate and relative price are key determinants of import demand for pulses in India.
High-redshift quasar host galaxies with adaptive optics
Creators: name: Kuhlbrodt, B.
name: Orndahl, E.
name: Wisotzki, L.
name: Jahnke, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present K band adaptive optics observations of three high-redshift (z ~ 2.2) high-luminosity quasars, all of which were studied for the first time. We also bserved several point spread function (PSF) calibrators, non-simultaneously because of the small field of view. The significant temporal PSF variations on timescales of minutes inhibited a straightforward scaled PSF removal from the quasar images. Characterising the degree of PSF concentration by the radii encircling 20% and 80% of the total flux, respectively, we found that even under very different observing conditions the r_20 vs. r_80 relation varied coherently between individual short exposure images, delineating a well-defined relation for point sources. Placing the quasar images on this relation, we see indications that all three objects were resolved. We designed a procedure to estimate the significance of this result, and to estimate host galaxy parameters, by reproducing the statistical distribution of the individual short exposure images. We find in all three cases evidence for a luminous host galaxy, with a mean absolute magnitude of M_R = -27.0 and scale lengths around ~ 4-12 kpc. Together with a rough estimate of the central black hole masses obtained from C_iv line widths, the location of the objects on the bulge luminosity vs. black hole mass relation is not significantly dfferent from the low-redshift regime, assuming only passive evolution of the host galaxy. Corresponding Eddington luminosities are L_nuc/L_Edd ~ 0.1-0.6.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures; submitted to Astronomy&Astrophysics. v2: Absolute magnitudes corrected and as a consequence updated two figures, black hole masses and stellar population age estimates in Discussion, but main conclusions remain the same; accepted by A&A
Quantum Phases and Spin Liquid Properties of 1T-TaS2
Creators: name: Mañas-Valero, Samuel
name: Huddart, Benjamin
name: Lancaster, Tom
name: Coronado, Eugenio
name: Pratt, Francis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum materials exhibiting magnetic frustration are connected to diverse phenomena including high-Tc superconductivity, topological order and quantum spin liquids (QSLs). A QSL is a quantum phase (QP) related to a quantum-entangled fluid-like state of matter. Previous experiments on QSL candidate materials are usually interpreted in terms of a single QP, although theories indicate that many distinct QPs are closely competing in typical frustrated spin models. Here we report on combined temperature-dependent muon spin relaxation and specific heat measurements for the triangular-lattice QSL candidate material 1T-TaS2 that provide evidence for competing QPs. The measured properties are assigned to arrays of individual QSL layers within the layered charge density wave structure of 1T-TaS2 and their characteristic parameters can be interpreted as those of distinct Z2 QSL phases. The present results reveal that a QSL description can extend beyond the lowest temperatures, offering a new perspective in the search for novel quantum materials.
description: Main Text + Supplementary Information
Additional file 1 of Hearing loss and cognitive function among Chinese older adults: the role of participation in leisure activities
Creators: name: Jiamin Gao
name: Armstrong, Nicole M.
name: Deal, Jennifer A.
name: Lin, Frank R.
name: He, Ping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table 1. Classification of leisure activities. Table 2. Characteristics at baseline for missing sample (deceased or lost to follow up). Table 3. Cox proportional hazard model for mortality sample. Table 4. Regression for cognitive impairment with an indicator for attrition using sample from 2011/12 wave.
Entropy of gravitationally collapsing matter in FRW universe models
Creators: name: Amarzguioui, Morad
name: Gron, Oyvind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We look at a gas of dust and investigate how its entropy evolves with time under a spherically symmetric gravitational collapse. We treat the problem perturbatively and find that the classical thermodynamic entropy does actually increase to first order when one allows for gravitational potential energy to be transferred to thermal energy during the collapse. Thus, in this situation there is no need to resort to the introduction of an intrinsic gravitational entropy in order to satisfy the second law of thermodynamics.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Major changes from previous version. We consider only thermodynamic entropy in this version. Published in PRD
Validating the Weiskopf 3x3 Data Quality Assessment Framework
Creators: name: Callahan, Tiffany J
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Data Quality
OMOP
Electronic Health Record Data
Weiskopf 3x3

description: Electronic Health Record (EHR) data is often used to solve complicated clinical problems (Safran, Bloomrosen & Hammond, 2007; Weiner, 2009; Hripcsak & Albers, 2012). While an incredibly informative data source, it is notoriously known to violate fundamental assumptions of data quality (Bae et al., 2014); incompleteness of records, inconsistency of records across time, and unexplained missingness. The use of EHR data for research purposes has also grown; and many important health-related questions have and will continue to be answered through the analysis of this data source (Blumenthal & Tavenner, 2010). While many efforts are currently being made to define and establish methods to reliably validate these types of data (Kahn et al., 2012; Weiskopf & Weng, 2013), accurate, standardized methodologies have yet to be identified. Weiskop (2014) developed a 3x3 data quality assessment (DQA) framework that includes the assessment of correctness, completeness, and currency data quality (DQ) constructs across three dimensions of data (patients, variables, and time). The current project aimed to build on Weiskopf’s (2014) 3x3 DQA framework by developing statistical definitions for each of the cells in the table using a dataset pulled from the CHCO database containing data collected during 2010-2014.
HIV/AIDS and South Africa’s Agricultural Sector: Impact on Food Demand
Creators: name: Agbola, Frank W.
name: Damoense, Maylene Y.
name: Saini, Yvonne K.
name: Agbola, Frank W.
name: Damoense, Maylene Y.
name: Saini, Yvonne K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Health Economics and Policy

description: South Africa has one of the highest cases of HIV infections in the world. With the epidemic continuing at an alarming rate, the government of South Africa has regarded the HIV/AIDS epidemic a developmental and socio-economic policy issue. The study explores the impact of HIV/AIDS on food demand in South Africa. The food demand function is specified and estimated using time-series data for the period 1970 to 2000. Simulation analysis is performed to examine the impact of ‘with AIDS’ and ‘without AIDS’ scenarios. The empirical results indicate that the HIV/AIDS epidemic could have a major impact on food demand patterns for selected food items in South Africa.
Defective nematogenesis: Gauss curvature in programmable shape-responsive sheets with topological defects
Creators: name: Duffy, Daniel
name: Biggins, John S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flat sheets encoded with patterns of contraction/elongation morph into curved surfaces. If the surfaces bear Gauss curvature, the resulting actuation can be strong and powerful. We deploy the Gauss-Bonnet theorem to deduce the Gauss curvature encoded in a pattern of uniform-magnitude contraction/elongation with spatially varying direction, as is commonly implemented in patterned liquid crystal elastomers. This approach reveals two fundamentally distinct contributions: a structural curvature which depends on the precise form of the pattern, and a topological curvature generated by defects in the contractile direction. These curvatures grow as different functions the contraction/elongation magnitude, explaining the apparent contradiction between previous calculations for simple +1 defects, and smooth defect-free patterns. We verify these structural and topological contributions by conducting numerical shell calculations on sheets encoded with simple higher-order contractile defects to reveal their activated morphology. Finally we calculate the Gauss curvature generated by patterns with spatially varying magnitude and direction, which leads to additional magnitude gradient contributions to the structural term. We anticipate this form will be useful whenever magnitude and direction are natural variables, including in describing the contraction of a muscle along its patterned fiber direction, or a tissue growing by elongating its cells.
description: Final peer reviewed version
Who Left the Dogs Out? 3D Animal Reconstruction with Expectation Maximization in the Loop
Creators: name: Biggs, Benjamin
name: Boyne, Oliver
name: Charles, James
name: Fitzgibbon, Andrew
name: Cipolla, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce an automatic, end-to-end method for recovering the 3D pose and shape of dogs from monocular internet images. The large variation in shape between dog breeds, significant occlusion and low quality of internet images makes this a challenging problem. We learn a richer prior over shapes than previous work, which helps regularize parameter estimation. We demonstrate results on the Stanford Dog dataset, an 'in the wild' dataset of 20,580 dog images for which we have collected 2D joint and silhouette annotations to split for training and evaluation. In order to capture the large shape variety of dogs, we show that the natural variation in the 2D dataset is enough to learn a detailed 3D prior through expectation maximization (EM). As a by-product of training, we generate a new parameterized model (including limb scaling) SMBLD which we release alongside our new annotation dataset StanfordExtra to the research community.
description: Accepted at ECCV 2020
title: Tagging Objects from Colonial Contexts: A Decision Tree for Natural History Collections
Creators: name: Kaiser, Katja
name: Madruga, Catarina
Publisher: name: Max Weber Stiftung
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Deutschland
subject: Museum
subject: Sammlung
subject: Restitution
subject: 943
subject: 300.9
subject: 344

description: Working Paper Deutsches Zentrum Kulturgutverluste, vol. 7/2024
title: The fate of carbon from soil amendments in horticultural systems
Creators: name: Duddigan, Sarah Louise
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2018

description: Application of soil amendments, such as composts, to soil to improve fertility and crop yield is commonplace in horticultural systems. A potential additional beneficial outcome of application of these materials is the augmentation of the soil carbon pool, a vital component of the global C cycle. This research utilises a pre-established long term field experiment in Wisley (UK). Since 2008, amendments that are commonly used by and/or available for use in the wider horticultural community (peat, garden compost, composted bark, bracken and horse manure, and spent mushroom compost) were applied annually (and plants grown) to 3 m x 3 m plots. All of the amendments were successful in elevating soil quality above the bare control plots. Individual soil physico-chemical properties sue as pH, bulk density and nutrient contents were influenced by the application of amendments. Therefore selection of amendment should be driven by individual needs and they can do so with detriment to the overall soil quality. A combination of physical fractionation techniques and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis indicated the difference in total C concentration between treatments results from an increase in unprotected particulate organic matter, rather than an increase in organic matter being occluded in aggregates or in organo-mineral complexes, and persist as a result of accumulation of alkyl C components. A method known as the Tea Bag Index was used to determine decomposition rate constants in each of the plots. The differences seen in decomposition rate in the plots is largely determined by the carbon:nitrogen ratio of the amendment, and the presence of plants on the plots that compete with microorganisms for nitrogen. In fact, nitrogen, and competition for it, was found to be the limiting factor for plant yield, decomposition of amendments and decomposition of the tea bags.
Rapid GRB Follow-up with the 2-m Robotic Liverpool Telescope
Creators: name: Gomboc, A.
name: Bode, M. F.
name: Carter, D.
name: Guidorzi, C.
name: Monfardini, A.
name: Mundell, C. G.
name: Newsam, A. M.
name: Smith, R. J.
name: Steele, I. A.
name: Meaburn, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the capabilities of the 2-m robotic Liverpool Telescope (LT), owned and operated by Liverpool John Moores University and situated at ORM, La Palma. Robotic control and scheduling of the LT make it especially powerful for observations in time domain astrophysics including: (i) rapid response to Targets of Opportunity: Gamma Ray Bursts, novae, supernovae, comets; (ii) monitoring of variable objects on timescales from seconds to years, and (iii) observations simultaneous or coordinated with other facilities, both ground-based and from space. Following a GRB alert from the Gamma Ray Observatories HETE-2, INTEGRAL and Swift we implement a special over-ride mode which enables observations to commence in about a minute after the alert, including optical and near infrared imaging and spectroscopy. In particular, the combination of aperture, site, instrumentation and rapid response (aided by its rapid slew and fully-opening enclosure) makes the LT excellently suited to help solving the mystery of the origin of optically dark GRBs, for the investigation of short bursts (which currently do not have any confirmed optical counterparts) and for early optical spectroscopy of the GRB phenomenon in general. We briefly describe the LT's key position in the RoboNet-1.0 network of robotic telescopes.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the proceedings of Interacting Binaries: Accretion, Evolution and Outcomes, 4-10 July 2004, Cefalu, Sicily, Italy, eds. Antonelli et al
Public-private partnerships for innovation-led growth in agrichains: A useful tool for development in Latin America?
Creators: name: Hartwich, Frank
name: Gonzalez, Carolina
name: Vieira, Luis-Fernando
name: Hartwich, Frank
name: Gonzalez, Carolina
name: Vieira, Luis-Fernando
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: International Development
subject: Public-private partnerships
subject: Agricultural research
subject: Innovation
subject: Agrichains
subject: Latin America
subject: Agricultural production
subject: Case studies

description: Public-private partnerships have become increasingly important as an arrangement that serves to encourage innovation in agricultural production chains in Latin America. However, some observers have expressed concern that this institutional arrangement may mostly favor the interests of the private sector without producing sufficient social benefits for the public. This paper presents the results of a study of 124 cases of public-private partnerships in agricultural innovation in nine countries in Latin America. The data from the study suggest that the partnership concept is used to generate agricultural innovations in many different ways, involving public research and private entities to varying degrees and focusing on different types of agricultural products, processing, or marketing. The results indicate that public as well as private sector actors often enter into partnerships based on unclear expectations of the benefits to be obtained, but once involved, these actors are usually satisfied with the results. Given the high degree of satisfaction that partners experience in public-private partnerships, they constitute an interesting new tool for development. However, in many cases public sector agents do not clearly establish public priorities; in consequence, public sector goals are not addressed sufficiently. Also due to the limited commitment of some of the partners to partnerships their potentials of generating synergy are not met. One key recommendation to emerge from the study is that when entering into public-private partnerships, public agents should ensure that these partnerships comply with public needs.
Agricultural science and technology policy for growth and poverty reduction
Creators: name: Omamo, Steven Were
name: Naseem, Anwar
name: Omamo, Steven Were
name: Naseem, Anwar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Agriculture
subject: Science
subject: Technology
subject: Policy
subject: Institutions
subject: Poverty reduction
subject: Agricultural technology
subject: Agricultural science
subject: Policy research

description: This paper argues that the largely unrealized potential of agricultural science and technology (S&T) in promoting growth and poverty reduction in developing countries results from deeply rooted incompatibility among policy environments, institutional arrangements, and micro conditions and behavior in agricultural research and development (R&D). Achieving growth and poverty reduction based on greater agricultural productivity therefore means achieving greater compatibility among these three dimensions of agricultural innovation systems. Research is sorely needed to build understanding of (1) the “big picture” influencing agricultural S&T policy design and implementation in developing countries, (2) strategies for sustainable funding and delivery of agricultural R&D, (3) priorities for and impacts of emerging and prospective agricultural technologies, and (4) the role of science in food and agricultural policy processes. Agricultural S&T policy analysis as presented here extends beyond the current boundaries of agricultural economics into such disciplines as public finance, public administration, political science, history, sociology, and psychology. The economics of science and innovation in industry has embraced some of these disciplines and benefited greatly from having done so, as has industrial policy in the developed world. The fundamental horizontality of agricultural development policy and the long reach of agricultural S&T policy suggest similarly high returns were agricultural economics to do the same for science and innovation in agriculture.
Agricultural and Rural Cooperative Viability: A Management Strategy Based on Cooperative Principles and Values
Creators: name: Novkovic, Sonja
name: Power, Natasha
name: Novkovic, Sonja
name: Power, Natasha
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: We examine some characteristics of agricultural and rural cooperatives and their management challenges, in order to illustrate possible applications of Jim Collin’s management concept, catalytic mechanisms, in the cooperative context. Agricultural cooperatives are experiencing complex governance issues, particularly in light of increased heterogeneity of member interests, and increased market and regulatory pressures. Member commitment is often recognized to be a necessary ingredient in the cooperative success, and while primary agricultural cooperatives are built on that commitment, new generation cooperatives need not be. In this article we argue that some of the governance issues may be alleviated by the application of creating catalytic mechanisms, a process that builds cohesion, preserves cooperative identity, and is based on cooperative principles and values. We illustrate this technique with examples of successful agricultural and rural cooperatives that already use such mechanisms in their management strategies.
Women's Cooperatives in Greece and Niche Market Challenge
Creators: name: Kazakopoulos, Leonidas
name: Gidarakou, Isabella
name: Kazakopoulos, Leonidas
name: Gidarakou, Isabella
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Rural tourism is a field of activation for women within the broader process of promotion of reconstruction measures for the development of the countryside via integrated and endogenous procedures. The running of private or cooperative nature accommodation in rural areas and the establishment and development of the women’s cooperatives for the better exploitation of local products, traditions and cultural heritage comprise the main axes of women’s involvement in the field of rural tourism activities in Greece. The present work approaches the issue under a niche market perspective. Initially, it presents the institutional framework supporting the respective activities and the successive development phases of rural tourism in Greece. It further provides three typical case study examples of respective women’s cooperatives in Greece regarding their evolutionary process and a number of major aspects of their profile. In the end, the cooperatives are considered and evaluated with a view to creating, developing and maintaining a niche market organization in rural tourism. It seems that for a number of reasons the rapid increase of the numbers of the women’s cooperatives in Greece has not been accompanied by the development of all those necessary conditions that would make them successful niche market examples.
Governance and Social Cohesion in Credit Unions: A Rural and Urban Arcadian Credit Union in New Brunswick (Canada)
Creators: name: Chouinard, Omer
name: Desjardins, Pierre-Marcel
name: Forgues, Eric
name: Chouinard, Omer
name: Desjardins, Pierre-Marcel
name: Forgues, Eric
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: In this article we study the cases of two credit unions, members of the Caisses Populaires Acadiennes, a cooperative movement operating in the francophone communities of New Brunswick (Canada). The first, Néguac, is located in a rural environment with important economic challenges. The second, Moncton-Beauséjour, is located in a very prosperous economic environment. These two credit unions have the additional characteristic of having experienced a merger in the past few years. We find that the role of management greatly differs from that of community’s expectations. In an urban setting, competition is fiercer, management can focus more on its credit union’s operations and is less scrutinized for its contribution to community. In a rural setting, parochial considerations are important, as are the credit union’s contributions to various community projects. In both cases, the personal ties between employees and clients are very important social assets for the credit unions. Our study shows that even with the economic pressures justifying mergers and the re-engineering of activities, governance practices solidly rooted in the community remain important and tend to be preserved. Several facts reflect the influence of social cohesion on governance in a context of rationalization (mergers and re-engineering). This being said, we see signs that these social roots of governance evolve according to a widening of the territory of the reference community, possibly leading to a weakening of the links between governance and the parochial community and a strengthening of the links between governance and the province’s francophone community.
6D superconformal theory as the theory of everything
Creators: name: Smilga, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the fundamental Theory of Everything is a conventional field theory defined in the flat multidimensional bulk. Our Universe should be obtained as a 3-brane classical solution in this theory. The renormalizability of the fundamental theory implies that it involves higher derivatives (HD). It should be supersymmetric (otherwise one cannot get rid of the huge induced cosmological term) and probably conformal (otherwise one can hardly cope with the problem of ghosts) . We present arguments that in conformal HD theories the ghosts (which are inherent for HD theories) might be not so malignant. In particular, we present a nontrivial QM HD model where ghosts are absent and the spectrum has a well defined ground state. The requirement of superconformal invariance restricts the dimension of the bulk to be D < 7. We suggest that the TOE lives in six dimensions and enjoys the maximum N = (2,0) superconformal symmetry. Unfortunately, no renormalizable field theory with this symmetry is presently known. We construct and discuss an N = (1,0) 6D supersymmetric gauge theory with four derivatives in the action. This theory involves a dimensionless coupling constant and is renormalizable. At the tree level, the theory enjoys conformal symmetry, but the latter is broken by quantum anomaly. The sign of the beta function corresponds to the Landau zero situation.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, based on the talks in Gribov-75 memorial workshop (Budapest, May 22-24) and the workshop "Supersymmetry and quantum symmetries" (Dubna, July 27-31)