cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
D-branes and Closed String Field Theory
Creators: name: Ishibashi, Nobuyuki
name: Baba, Yutaka
name: Murakami, Koichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct solitonic states in the OSp invariant string field theory, which are BRST invariant in the leading order of regularization parameter. One can show that these solitonic states describe D-branes and ghost D-branes, by calculating the scattering amplitudes.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, based on an invited talk presented at the international workshop "Progress of String Theory and Quantum Field Theory" (Osaka City University, December 7-10, 2007), to be published in the proceedings
Partial regularity result for non-autonomous elliptic systems with general growth
Creators: name: Isernia, Teresa
name: Leone, Chiara
name: Verde, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we prove a Hölder partial regularity result for weak solutions $u:Ω\to \mathbb{R}^N$, $N\geq 2$, to non-autonomous elliptic systems with general growth of the type: \begin{equation*} -\rm{div}\, a(x, u, Du)= b(x, u, Du) \quad \mbox{ in } Ω. \end{equation*} The crucial point is that the operator $a$ satisfies very weak regularity properties and a general growth, while the inhomogeneity $b$ has a controllable growth.
Stellar Oscillations Network Group
Creators: name: Grundahl, F.
name: Kjeldsen, H.
name: Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.
name: Arentoft, T.
name: Frandsen, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar Oscillations Network Group (SONG) is an initiative aimed at designing and building a network of 1m-class telescopes dedicated to asteroseismology and planet hunting. SONG will have 8 identical telescope nodes each equipped with a high-resolution spectrograph and an iodine cell for obtaining precision radial velocities and a CCD camera for guiding and imaging purposes. The main asteroseismology targets for the network are the brightest (V<6) stars. In order to improve performance and reduce maintenance costs the instrumentation will only have very few modes of operation. In this contribution we describe the motivations for establishing a network, the basic outline of SONG and the expected performance.
description: Proc. Vienna Workshop on the Future of Asteroseismology, 20 - 22 September 2006. Comm. in Asteroseismology, Vol. 150, in the press
‘Selling the creative city’: Wellington tourism film in the neoliberal era
Creators: name: Bonelli, D
name: Jutel, Thierry
name: Leotta, Alfio
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 200599 Literary Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 190299 Film, Television and Digital Media not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 200299 Cultural Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other humanities

description: © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Since the beginning of the Twentieth Century tourism films have constituted a significant part of New Zealand film production. In fact, films made and/or used for tourism promotion have been released for domestic and overseas circulation by both government-led and private film production companies. Over the last 10 years the institutions in charge of Wellington tourism marketing have been increasingly relying on social media platforms such as Youtube and Facebook to globally circulate images of New Zealand’s capital city. Indeed, since 2007, 20 tourism marketing campaigns conceived for social media circulation featured in WellingtonNZ Youtube channel. This article will focus on three of these campaigns: the Vampire’s Guide to Vellington (2014); the It’s Never Just a Weekend When It’s in Wellington series (2014) and the LookSee series (2017). Through the analysis of these case studies, this article argues that contemporary Wellington tourism film production is a complex and multilayered process characterised by the cross-collaboration between local political stakeholders, local creatives and local businesses. Moreover, it highlights how the representation of Wellington as a cinematic and creative city, home of a globalised creative class has been informed by the neoliberal paradigm and by the persistence of a deeply-rooted settler gaze.
Persistence and Memory in Patchwork Dynamics for Glassy Models
Creators: name: Thomas, Creighton K.
name: White, Olivia L.
name: Middleton, A. Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Slow dynamics in disordered materials prohibits direct simulation of their rich nonequilibrium behavior at large scales. "Patchwork dynamics" is introduced to mimic relaxation over a very broad range of time scales by equilibrating or optimizing directly on successive length scales. This dynamics is used to study coarsening and to replicate memory effects for spin glasses and random ferromagnets. It is also used to find, with high confidence, exact ground states in large or toroidal samples.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures; reference correction
Nucleon distribution amplitudes from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Göckeler, Meinulf
name: Horsley, Roger
name: Kaltenbrunner, Thomas
name: Nakamura, Yoshifumi
name: Pleiter, Dirk
name: Rakow, Paul E. L.
name: Schäfer, Andreas
name: Schierholz, Gerrit
name: Stüben, Hinnerk
name: Warkentin, Nikolaus
name: Zanotti, James M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate low moments of the leading-twist and next-to-leading twist nucleon distribution amplitudes on the lattice using two flavors of clover fermions. The results are presented in the MSbar scheme at a scale of 2 GeV and can be immediately applied in phenomenological studies. We find that the deviation of the leading-twist nucleon distribution amplitude from its asymptotic form is less pronounced than sometimes claimed in the literature.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. RevTeX style. Normalization for \lambda_i corrected. Discussion of the results extended. To be published in PRL
title: Basel - Olten - Bauma: Wenn der Bahnhof mit dem Zug verreist
Creators: name: Wallnöfer, Pietro
Publisher: name: Zentralbibliothek Zürich
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::940 Geschichte Europas::949 Geschichte anderer Teile Europas
subject: 700 Künste und Unterhaltung::720 Architektur::725 Öffentliche Bauwerke
subject: Basel
subject: Bauma
subject: Olten
subject: Neuzeit
subject: Architektur
subject: Denkmalpflege
subject: Geschichte
subject: Bauen
subject: Verkehr
subject: Verkehrsgeschichte

description: Im Zürcher Oberland findet die Odyssee der historischen Basler Bahnhofshalle nach über 150 Jahren ein Happy-End. Die elegante Holzkonstruktion mit den reizvollen «Laubsägeli»-Ornamenten erlebte im wahrsten Sinn des Wortes eine bewegte Geschichte.
$(g-2)_μ$ anomaly within the left-right symmetric model
Creators: name: Boyarkin, O. M.
name: Boyarkina, G. G.
name: Makhnach, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The muon anomalous magnetic moment is discussed within the model based on the $SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_R\times U(1)_{B-L}$-gauge group. The contributions of the neutrinos having the dipole magnetic moment (DMM) are calculated. The cases of the Majorana and Dirac neutrino are considered. It is shown that to account for the $(g-2)_μ$ anomaly DMMs connected with heavy neutrinos should be on the order of $\mbox{few}\times10^{-8}μ_B$, that is at variance with the theoretically predicted values.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
The Limits of The Quasi-Harmonic Approximation: Anharmonicity in Germanium and the Entropy of Melting
Creators: name: Mudide, Shiva
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 2021
Subjects: Physics
phonon anharmonicity
material thermodynamics
computational materials science
inelastic neutron scattering

description: Inelastic Neutron Scattering (INS) measurements were made at the Wide Angular-Range Chopper Spectrometer (ARCS) on Germanium at temperatures higher than what has been done before, from 296 K to 1203 K. Raw data was used to calculate the dynamic structure factor. Multi-phonon and multiple scattering events were accounted for and subtracted. These dynamic structure factors were then used to calculate single phonon density of states (DOS) for temperatures throughout the said temperature range. Thermal softening of the phonon modes was observed. The softening was quantitatively characterized with several Gruneisen parameters to better understand the effects phonon anharmonicity in Germanium. We find the quasi-harmonic approximation alone cannot explain the large phonon softening. The vibrational entropy contribution to the total entropy was also determined. We find that the vibrational entropy makes up almost all of the total entropy in Germanium, even at elevated temperatures.

We also conduct melting experiments to ensure containment of Si, Bi, and Pb in quartz ampules. These metals will be heated through their melting points at ARCS in the near future in order to determine the vibrational entropy contribution to the latent heat of melting. Furthermore, we write an algorithm based on the work of Sivia to determine the number of phonon modes there is the maximum evidence for in any given phonon DOS.
Magnetic properties of the insulating ferromagnetic phase in strained Pr_0.6Ca_0.4MnO_3 thin films
Creators: name: Mertelj, T.
name: Yusupov, R.
name: Filippi, M.
name: Prellier, W.
name: Mihailovic, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bulk magnetization in Pr_{0.6}Ca_{0.4}MnO_3 thin films with tensile (SrTiO_3) and compressive (LaAlO_3) substrate-induced strain is compared to the magnetooptical Kerr effect (MOKE) measurements. In the absence of an external magnetic field, in both films, a stable ferromagnetic insulating majority phase coexists with an antiferromagnetic insulating phase below ~120K. MOKE measurements indicate that at 5K a metastable ferromagnetic metallic (FM) phase is formed at the surface of the stretched film in a magnetic field below 1.1T already, while in the bulk the FM phase starts to form in the field above ~4T in both films.
description: Accepted in APL
The Agricultural Economy of the Sudan
Creators: name: Warren, Cline
name: Warren, Cline
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1962
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: The Sudan is almost exclusively an agricultural country. At least 90 percent of its 10.3 million inhabitants derive their livelihood from agriculture or animal husbandry. Also 90 to 95 percent of the value of external trade is from agricultural products, chiefly cotton. Production of some food crops--peanuts, sesame, durra, dates--also exceeds the country's consumption requirements, leaving a sizable surplus for export. The principal imported foodstuffs are sugar, tea, and coffee. These three items account for about 20 to 25 percent of total imports. Not only is the Sudan's economy an agricultural one, but it is heavily dependent on one cash crop--cotton. In most years, cotton and cottonseed account for 70 percent or more of the Sudan's foreign earnings and supply the government with the largest share of its revenues. Both long and short staple types of cotton are grown. However, the greater portion of total production is made up of long staple varieties grown almost entirely on large irrigation schemes. The short staple is grown chiefly in areas of rain cultivation. Other important cash crops include sesame and peanuts. Gum arabic is the only forest product exported extensively. Next to cotton, the most important place in the Sudanese economy is held by livestock, now numbering about 22 million head.
Adaptation to synchronization in phase-oscillator networks
Creators: name: Arizmendi, Fernando
name: Zanette, Damian H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an adaptation algorithm by which an ensemble of coupled oscillators with attractive and repulsive interactions is induced to adopt a prescribed synchronized state. While the performance of adaptation is controlled by measuring a macroscopic quantity, which characterizes the achieved degree of synchronization, adaptive changes are introduced at the microscopic level of the interaction network, by modifying the configuration of repulsive interactions. This scheme emulates the distinct levels of selection and mutation in biological evolution and learning.
Does our universe conform with the existence of a universal maximum energy-density $ρ^{uni}_{max}$ ?
Creators: name: Hujeirat, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent astronomical observations of high redshift quasars, dark matter-dominated galaxies, mergers of neutron stars, glitch phenomena in pulsars, cosmic microwave background and experimental data from hadronic colliders do not rule out, but they even support the hypothesis that the energy-density in our universe most likely is upper-limited by $ρ^{uni}_{max},$ which is predicted to lie between $2$ to $3$ the nuclear density $ρ_0.$ Quantum fluids in the cores of massive NSs with $ρ\approx ρ^{uni}_{max}$ reach the maximum compressibility state, where they become insensitive to further compression by the embedding spacetime and undergo a phase transition into the purely incompressible gluon-quark superfluid state. A direct correspondence between the positive energy stored in the embedding spacetime and the degree of compressibility and superfluidity of the trapped matter is proposed. In this paper relevant observation signatures that support the maximum density hypothesis are reviewed, a possible origin of $ρ^{uni}_{max}$ is proposed and finally the consequences of this scenario on the spacetime's topology of the universe as well as on the mechanisms underlying the growth rate and power of the high redshift QSOs are discussed.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
Terrain assessment for precision agriculture using vehicle dynamic modelling
Creators: name: Reina, Giulio
name: Milella, Annalisa
name: Galati, Rocco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Advances in precision agriculture greatly rely on innovative control and sensing technologies that allow service units to increase their level of driving automation while ensuring at the same time high safety standards. This paper deals with automatic terrain estimation and classification that is performed simultaneously by an agricultural vehicle during normal operations. Vehicle mobility and safety, and the successful implementation of important agricultural tasks including seeding, ploughing, fertilising and controlled traffic depend or can be improved by a correct identification of the terrain that is traversed. The novelty of this research lies in that terrain estimation is performed by using not only traditional appearance-based features, that is colour and geometric properties, but also contact-based features, that is measuring physics-based dynamic effects that govern the vehicleeterrain interaction and that greatly affect its mobility. Experimental results obtained from an all-terrain vehicle operating on different surfaces are presented to validate the system in the field. It was shown that a terrain classifier trained with contact features was able to achieve a correct prediction rate of 85.1%, which is comparable or better than that obtained with approaches using traditional feature sets. To further improve the classification performance, all feature sets were merged in an augmented feature space, reaching, for these tests, 89.1% of correct predictions.
The bryophytes of the semi-arid steppe of South-Central British Columbia
Creators: name: McIntosh, Terry T.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This dissertation provides keys and concise descriptions of the genera, species and varieties of bryophytes known from the semi-arid steppe region of south-central British Columbia. Thirty-seven genera and seventy-seven species are included. Detailed illustrations are provided for selected species. Local distribution maps are included for all the taxa. Four of the species included here are new to North America: Crossidium rosei, Phaseurn vlassovii, Pottia cf. wilsonii and Pterygonerum kozlovii. In addition, the genera Crossidium and Trichostomopsis as well as eight species and two varieties are new to Canada. Five additional species are reported for the first time from British Columbia. Distributions of the taxa in the study area are discussed at local and world levels. Local distributions are influenced most by substratum type, aspect and elevational change, and effects of disturbance. Most of the taxa are terricolous and restricted to or with apparent preference to one of five soil types. Many taxa are saxicolous, but distributions with respect to rock type could not be determined. The regional bryoflora is compared also to temperate dryland bryophyte floras globally. Surprisingly, the regional flora has very strong affinities, at both the species and genus levels, not only to dryland floras in the North American southwest but also with the arid regions of Eurasia and North Africa. Although some of the taxa in these areas are widespread throughout the Northern hemisphere, many species express disjunctions between the arid regions. Two contrasting causes, long-distance dispersal and vicariance, are discussed with respect to the origin of the disjunctive patterns. In most instances vicariance appears a more likely cause of the disjunction, although this conclusion is highly speculative. If vicariance is a cause, then the disjunct taxa are probably ancient and conservative. Bipolar disjunctions are also discussed. Long distance dispersal as well as hop dispersal appear to be more likely causes of this type of pattern than vicariance. Many of the taxa require critical taxonomic revision. This reflects the lack of research in arid regions. Suites of genera that are problematic include Grimmia, Schistidium and Coseinodon, and Phaseurn, Pottia, Desmatodon and Tortula. Also, at least 41% of the species pose particular taxonomic problems. Some possible solutions for these problems are suggested here.
Dynamics of semi-flexible polymer solutions in the highly entangled regime
Creators: name: Tassieri, Manlio
name: Evans, R. M. L.
name: Barbu-Tudoran, Lucian
name: Khan, G. Nasir
name: Trinick, John
name: Waigh, Tom A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present experimental evidence that the effective medium approximation (EMA), developed by D.C. Morse [Phys. Rev. E {\bf 63}, 031502, (2001)], provides the correct scaling law of the macroscopic plateau modulus $G^{0}\proptoρ^{4/3}L^{-1/3}_{p}$ (where $ρ$ is the contour length per unit volume and $L_{p}$ is the persistence length) of semi-flexible polymer solutions, in the highly entangled concentration regime. Competing theories, including a self-consistent binary collision approximation (BCA), have instead predicted $G^{0}\proptoρ^{7/5}L^{-1/5}_{p}$. We have tested both the EMA and BCA scaling predictions using actin filament (F-actin) solutions which permit experimental control of $L_p$ independently of other parameters. A combination of passive video particle tracking microrheology and dynamic light scattering yields independent measurements of the elastic modulus $G$ and $L_{p}$ respectively. Thus we can distinguish between the two proposed laws, in contrast to previous experimental studies, which focus on the (less discriminating) concentration functionality of $G$.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, Phys. Rev. Lett. (accepted)
Self-Supervised Learning Based Domain Adaptation for Robust Speaker Verification
Creators: name: Chen, Zhengyang
name: Wang, Shuai
name: Qian, Yanmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Large performance degradation is often observed for speaker ver-ification systems when applied to a new domain dataset. Givenan unlabeled target-domain dataset, unsupervised domain adaptation(UDA) methods, which usually leverage adversarial training strate-gies, are commonly used to bridge the performance gap caused bythe domain mismatch. However, such adversarial training strategyonly uses the distribution information of target domain data and cannot ensure the performance improvement on the target domain. Inthis paper, we incorporate self-supervised learning strategy to the un-supervised domain adaptation system and proposed a self-supervisedlearning based domain adaptation approach (SSDA). Compared tothe traditional UDA method, the new SSDA training strategy canfully leverage the potential label information from target domainand adapt the speaker discrimination ability from source domainsimultaneously. We evaluated the proposed approach on the Vox-Celeb (labeled source domain) and CnCeleb (unlabeled target do-main) datasets, and the best SSDA system obtains 10.2% Equal ErrorRate (EER) on the CnCeleb dataset without using any speaker labelson CnCeleb, which also can achieve the state-of-the-art results onthis corpus.
description: Published in: ICASSP 2021 - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)
Open clusters as key tracers of Galactic chemical evolution. III. Element abundances in Berkeley 20, Berkeley 29, Collinder 261, and Melotte 66
Creators: name: Sestito, P.
name: Bragaglia, A.
name: Randich, S.
name: Pallavicini, R.
name: Andrievsky, S. M.
name: Korotin, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galactic open clusters are since long recognized as one of the best tools for investigating the radial distribution of iron and other metals. We employed FLAMES at VLT to collect UVES spectra of bright giant stars in a large sample of open clusters, spanning a wide range of Galactocentric distances, ages, and metallicities. We present here the results for four clusters: Berkeley 20 and Berkeley 29, the two most distant clusters in the sample; Collinder 261, the oldest and the one with the minimum Galactocentric distance; Melotte 66. Equivalent width analysis was carried out using the spectral code MOOG and Kurucz model atmospheres to derive abundances of Fe, Al, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, Cr, Ni, Ba; non-LTE Na abundances were derived by direct line-profile fitting. We obtain subsolar metallicities for the two anticenter clusters Be 20 ([Fe/H]=-0.30, rms=0.02) and Be 29 ([Fe/H]=-0.31, rms=0.03), and for Mel 66 ([Fe/H]=-0.33, rms=0.03), located in the third Galactic quadrant, while Cr 261, located toward the Galactic center, has higher metallicity ([Fe/H]=+0.13, rms=0.05 dex). The alpha-elements Si, Ca and Ti, and the Fe-peak elements Cr and Ni are in general close to solar; the s-process element Ba is enhanced. Non-LTE computations of Na abundances indicate solar scaled values, suggesting that the enhancement in Na previously determined in giants in open clusters could be due to neglected non-LTE effects. Our results support the presence of a steep negative slope of the Fe radial gradient up to about 10-11 kpc from the Galactic center, while in the outer disk the [Fe/H] distribution seems flat. All the elemental ratios measured are in very good agreement with those found for disk stars of similar metallicity and no trend with Galactocentric distance seems to be present.
description: Accepted for publication on A&A
Negative radiation pressure in case of two interacting fields
Creators: name: Romanczukiewicz, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a simple toy model, which although probably does not have any direct physical applications, can serve as a nice pedagogical example for explanation strange phenomenon of negative radiation pressure and can also give some insight for understanding the interaction between radiation and a vortex. The model discussed is a classical field theory of two interacting scalar fields in 1+1 d. Without coupling one of the fields is governed by the ordinary $ϕ^4$ equation and the second one obeys the Klein-Gordon equation. The possibility of existence of the {\it negative radiation pressure} with a respect to the mass ratio of those two fields is discussed.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
The Agricultural Economy of Tanganyika
Creators: name: Singleton, Carey B.
name: Singleton, Carey B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1964
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: Agriculture is vital to Tanganyika's economy and development. Over 90 percent of its 9.8 million population is engaged in farming (including livestock raising). The agricultural sector of the economy accounts for over 70 percent of the gross domestic product of the country. About 81 percent of the country's total export earnings are from agricultural products. Ninety percent of the land under cultivation is devoted to the production of grains and other food crops for local consumption, mainly on a subsistence basis. Tanganyika's natural resources are limited and capital is needed to meet its development requirements. The economy of Tanganyika has developed primarily through the expansion of cash crops for export. Exports take about a quarter of all the goods and services produced and generate about 40 percent of money income in the country. However, as long as the country's economic development is dependent upon imports of manufactured and industrial goods, Tanganyika will have to continue to seek and increase export markets for its cash crops in order to earn needed foreign exchange. Sisal, cotton, and coffee dominate the country's trade and economy. They accounted for about 55 percent of the value of all exports in 1962. Sisal, primarily a European plantation crop, supplies over one-fourth of total exports by value. The United Kingdom is Tanganyika's major customer; it took 34 percent of Tanganyika's exports in 1962. West Germany is second and the United States is third, each taking about 8 percent of the country's exports in 1962. The United States is Tanganyika's major customer for coffee, taking over 10,000 tons annually valued at $6 million.
The Binder Cumulant at the Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition
Creators: name: Hasenbusch, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the behaviour of the Binder cumulant on finite square lattices at the Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition. We determine the fixed point value of the Binder cumulant and the coefficient of the leading logarithmic correction. These calculations are supplemented with Monte Carlo simulations of the classical XY (plane rotator) model, the Villain model and the dual of the absolute value solid-on-solid model. Using the single cluster algorithm, we simulate lattices up to L=4096. For the lattice sizes reached, subleading corrections are needed to fit the data for the Binder cumulant. We demonstrate that the combined analysis of the Binder cumulant and the second moment correlation length over the lattice size allows for an accurate determination of the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition temperature on relatively small lattices. We test the new method at the example of the 2-component phi^4 model on the lattice.
description: 27 pages, 1 figure
Universal thermal and electrical transport near the superconductor-metal quantum phase transition in nanowires
Creators: name: del Maestro, Adrian
name: Rosenow, Bernd
name: Shah, Nayana
name: Sachdev, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the thermal and electrical conductivities of quasi-one dimensional wires, across a quantum phase transition from a superconductor to a metal induced by pairbreaking perturbations. Fluctuation corrections to BCS theory motivate a field theory for quantum criticality. We describe deviations in the Wiedemann-Franz ratio from the Lorenz number, which can act as sensitive tests of the theory. We also describe the crossovers out of the quantum critical region into the metallic and superconducting phases.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Single-electron counting spectroscopy: simulation study of porphyrin in a molecular junction
Creators: name: Welack, Sven
name: Maddox, Jeremy B.
name: Esposito, Massimiliano
name: Harbola, Upendra
name: Mukamel, Shaul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron counting of a single porphyrin molecule between two electrodes shows a crossover from sub- to super-Poissonian statistics as the bias voltage is scanned. This is attributed to the simultaneous activation of states with electron transfer rates spanning several orders of magnitude. Time-series analysis of consecutive single electron transfer events reveals fast and slow transport channels, which are not resolved by the average current alone.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Deformed quantum statistics in two-dimensions
Creators: name: Lavagno, A.
name: Swamy, P. Narayana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known from the early work of May in 1964 that ideal Bose gas do not exhibit condensation phenomenon in two dimensions. On the other hand, it is also known that the thermostatistics arising from q-deformed oscillator algebra has no connection with the spatial dimensions of the system. Our recent work concerns the study of important thermodynamic functions such as the entropy, occupation number, internal energy and specific heat in ordinary three spatial dimensions, where we established that such thermostatistics is developed by consistently replacing the ordinary thermodynamic derivatives by the Jackson derivatives. The thermostatistics of q-deformed bosons and fermions in two spatial dimensions is an unresolved question and that is the subject of this investigation. We study the principal thermodynamic functions of both bosons and fermions in the two dimensional q-deformed formalism and we find that, different from the standard case, the specific heat of q-boson and q-fermion ideal gas, at fixed temperature and number of particle, are no longer identical.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
The Multiobjective Optimization of a Prismatic Drive
Creators: name: Bouyer, Emilie
name: Caro, Stéphane
name: Chablat, Damien
name: Angeles, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The multiobjective optimization of Slide-o-Cam is reported in this paper. Slide-o-Cam is a cam mechanism with multiple rollers mounted on a common translating follower. This transmission provides pure-rolling motion, thereby reducing the friction of rack-and-pinions and linear drives. A Pareto frontier is obtained by means of multiobjective optimization. This optimization is based on three objective functions: (i) the pressure angle, which is a suitable performance index for the transmission because it determines the amount of force transmitted to the load vs. that transmitted to the machine frame; (ii) the Hertz pressure used to evaluate the stresses produced on the contact surface between cam and roller; and (iii) the size of the mechanism, characterized by the number of cams and their width.
Tanais
Creators: name: Esquete, Patricia
name: Rubal, Marcos
name: Veiga, Puri
name: Troncoso, Jesus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Tanaidacea
Tanaididae
Tanais

description: Key to species of Tanais sus (females)
1. Cheliped propodus with bifid dorsodistal crest near dactylus insertion............................................ 2
– Cheliped propodus without bifid crest..................................................................... 3
 2. Cheliped fixed finger with three teeth. Chela not separated from propodus insertion............ T. lilljeborgi [NE Atlantic]
– Cheliped fixed finger with single distal tooth. Chela ventrally well separated from propodus insertion on carpus by an invagi- nation on propodus forming a neck........................................................................ 5
3. Mandible molar acuminate, with minute terminal spines. Sternal carpal spine on pereopods 2–3 weakly or strongly curved....................................................................................................... 4
 – Mandible molar acuminate with pointed tip. Sternal carpal spine on pereopods 2–3 straight........ T. giraffa [SE Australia]
 4. Chela fixed finger with bifid semicircular tooth. Uropod exopod with one article or very weakly two-articled.......................................................................................... T. danica [boreal NE Atlantic]
 – Chela fixed finger with two unequal teeth, dactylus interlocking. Uropod exopod two-articled.................................................................................................... T. psammophilus [NW Atlantic]
 5. Two dorsal, parallel crenulate ridges in addition to marginal ridges on cephalothorax; cheliped propodus with inner comb of dendritic spines........................................................... T. microthymus [E Mediterranean]
 – Crenulate ridges on cephalothorax margins only; cheliped propodus with inner comb of simple spines......................................................................................  T. bamberi sp. nov.  [Iberian NE Atlantic]
description: Published as part of Esquete, Patricia, Rubal, Marcos, Veiga, Puri & Troncoso, Jesus, 2015, A new species of heterochelous tanaidacean Tanaissus (Paratanaoidea: Tanaissuidae) from the north-west Iberian Peninsula, pp. 189-202 in Zootaxa 3995 (1) on page 199, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3995.1.17, http://zenodo.org/record/239215
Sharp bounds on the critical stability radius for relativistic charged spheres
Creators: name: Andreasson, Hakan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper by Giuliani and Rothman \cite{GR}, the problem of finding a lower bound on the radius $R$ of a charged sphere with mass M and charge Q
description: 20 pages, 1 figure
Evidence for a narrow N(1685) resonance in eta photoproduction off the nucleon
Creators: name: Kuznetsov, V.
name: Polyakov, M. V.
name: Boiko, T.
name: Jang, J.
name: Kim, A.
name: Kim, W.
name: Lee, H. S.
name: Ni, A.
name: Yang, G. -S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Revised analysis of Sigma beam asymmetry for eta photoproduction off the free proton from GRAAL is presented. New analysis reveals a narrow structure near W ~1.685 GeV. We describe this structure by the contribution of a narrow resonance with quantum numbers P_{11}, or P_{13}, or D_{13}. Being considered together with the recent observations of a bump-like structure at W~1.68 GeV in the quasi-free eta photoproduction off the neutron, this result provides an evidence for a narrow (Gamma < 25 MeV) N*(1685) resonance. Properties of this possible new nucleon state, namely the mass, the narrow width, and the much stronger photocoupling to the neutron, are similar to those predicted for the non-strange member of anti-decouplet of exotic baryons.
description: To appear in Acta Physics Polonica B39. Considerably extended version of hep-ex/0703003
The automorphism group of the tetrablock
Creators: name: Young, N. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32M12, 30C80, 93D21

description: The tetrablock is a domain in 3-dimensional complex space that meets 3-dimensional Euclidean space in a regular tetrahedron. It is shown to be inhomogeneous and its automorphism group is determined. A type of Schwarz lemma for the tetrablock is proved. The action of the automorphism group is described in terms of a certain natural foliation of the tetrablock by complex geodesic discs.
description: 13 pages, 0 figures
A stochastic fixed point equation for weighted minima and maxima
Creators: name: Alsmeyer, Gerold
name: Rösler, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given any finite or countable collection of real numbers $T_j,j\in J$, we find all solutions $F$ to the stochastic fixed point equation \[W\stackrel{\mathrm {d}}{=}\inf_{j\in J}T_jW_j,\] where $W$ and the $W_j,j\in J$, are independent real-valued random variables with distribution $F$ and $\stackrel{\mathrm {d}}{=}$ means equality in distribution. The bulk of the necessary analysis is spent on the case when $|J|\geq 2$ and all $T_j$ are (strictly) positive. Nontrivial solutions are then concentrated on either the positive or negative half line. In the most interesting (and difficult) situation $T$ has a characteristic exponent $α$ given by $\sum_{j\in J}T_j^α=1$ and the set of solutions depends on the closed multiplicative subgroup of $\mathbb {R}^{>}=(0,\infty)$ generated by the $T_j$ which is either $\{1\}$, $\mathbb {R}^{>}$ itself or $r^{\mathbb {Z}}=\{r^n\dvt n\in \mathbb {Z}\}$ for some $r>1$. The first case being trivial, the nontrivial fixed points in the second case are either Weibull distributions or their reciprocal reflections to the negative half line (when represented by random variables), while in the third case further periodic solutions arise. Our analysis builds on the observation that the logarithmic survival function of any fixed point is harmonic with respect to $\varLambda =\sum_{j\geq 1}δ_{T_j}$, i.e. $\varGamma =\varGamma \star \varLambda$, where $\star$ means multiplicative convolution. This will enable us to apply the powerful Choquet--Deny theorem.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AIHP104 the Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincar\'e - Probabilit\'es et Statistiques (http://www.imstat.org/aihp/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Staggered repulsion of transmission eigenvalues in symmetric open mesoscopic systems
Creators: name: Kopp, Marten
name: Schomerus, Henning
name: Rotter, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum systems with discrete symmetries can usually be desymmetrized, but this strategy fails when considering transport in open systems with a symmetry that maps different openings onto each other. We investigate the joint probability density of transmission eigenvalues for such systems in random-matrix theory. In the orthogonal symmetry class we show that the eigenvalue statistics manifests level repulsion between only every second transmission eigenvalue. This finds its natural statistical interpretation as a staggeredsuperposition of two eigenvalue sequences. For a large number of channels, the statistics for a system with a lead-transposing symmetry approaches that of a superposition of two uncorrelated sets of eigenvalues as in systems with a lead-preserving symmetry (which can be desymmetrized). These predictions are confirmed by numerical computations of the transmission-eigenvalue spacing distribution for quantum billiards and for the open kicked rotator.
description: 11 pages, 6 Figures, substantially extended
Generation of annual period Rossby waves in the South Atlantic Ocean by the wind stress curl
Creators: name: Reason, Christopher James Charles
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A theoretical study is presented of generation of first mode annual period baroclinic Rossby waves by the observed wind stress curl in the South Atlantic and South West Indian Oceans. The forcing wind field for the area 15 S to 51 S, 45 W to 41 E was obtained from an harmonic analysis at the annual period of the monthly mean wind stress curl values derived from Hellerman and Rosenstein's 1983 data. The annual harmonic of the wind stress curl was then used to drive a linear, reduced gravity model of the South Atlantic and South West Indian Oceans bounded by the latitudes 15 S and 51 S and by longitudes 46 W and 50 E. Boundary geometries and oceans are represented to 1.0 and 0.2 degree accuracy, respectively, by a finite difference grid in spherical polar co-ordinates. Successive over-relaxation and a leap frog time differencing scheme are used to solve the two dimensional Rossby wave equation which includes relative vorticity and a Rossby radius that varies with latitude. By assuming quasi-geostrophy, the steady state model response is restricted to first mode baroclinic Rossby waves. In the model South Atlantic Ocean, the response consists of long Rossby waves which generally propagate south westwards across the ocean and which exhibit refraction of wave energy towards the equator as in the theory of Schopf et al (1981). Short Rossby waves with eastward energy propagation are generated in the small area of the Indian Ocean included in the model domain. However, since the model grid has a resolution of approximately 22 km these waves may not be sufficiently accurately represented in the study. Medium to long waves generated to the south east of Africa may reflect their energy off this landmass into the Indian Ocean. Slowness curve theory and wavenumber computations along wave rays in the South Atlantic are applied to match the model wave trains with probable sources. It is found that wind stress curl maxima off the Namibian coast near 25 S,10 E, near the Agulhas Plateau at 38 S,25 E and in the South Atlantic Ocean interior near 38 S,10 W are the most efficient wave generators. The results of the study are generally consistent with earlier theoretical studies of the North Pacific by White and Saur (1981) and by Cummins et al (1986) and of the North Atlantic by Krauss and Wuebber (1982).
Conservation of Swertia chirayita - a threatened and highly valued medicinal herb
Creators: name: Bigyananda Mutum1, Kajal Mog Chaudhuri1, Kuntal Bera1,2, Srikanth Prabhu1, Shirin Akhtar1, and Puspendu Dutta1*
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2023

description: Swertia chirayita, is a highly valued medicinal herb belonging to the Gentianaceae family. It is native to the temperate Himalayas and has been used in Ayurvedic medicine for centuries. However, overexploitation of its natural habitat has led to be classified it as an endangered crop by the IUCN (Scartezzini and Speroni, 2000).
title: Die Lupe: Jahrgang 1, 1925, Nr. 11, 24. April 1925
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Verlag Die Lupe
Year: 1925
Subjects: subject: Bestände des Stadtarchivs Braunschweig
subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Kunst- und Kulturgeschichte
subject: 7

description: Die Lupe: Braunschweigische Wochenschrift für Theater, Musik, Kunst, Literatur, Film und Kabarett, vol. 1, no. 11
Numerical Modelling of Neutral Boundary-Layer Flow across a Forested Ridge
Creators: name: Tolladay, John
name: Chemel, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Forest canopies have been shown to alter the dynamics of flows over complex terrain. Deficiencies have been found when tall canopies are represented in numerical simulations by an increase in roughness length at the surface. Methods of explicitly modelling a forest canopy are not commonly available in community numerical weather prediction models. In this work, such a method is applied to the community Weather Research and Forecasting model. Simulations are carried out to replicate a wind-tunnel experiment of neutral boundary-layer flow across a forested ridge. It is shown that features of the flow, such as the separated region on the lee slope of the ridge, are reproduced by the roughness length or canopy model methods. Shear at the top of the ridge generates turbulence that spreads vertically as the flow moves downstream in both cases, but is elevated to canopy top where a canopy model is used. The roughness-length approach is shown to suffer several deficiencies, such as an over-prediction of mean wind-speeds, a lack of turbulence over flat forested ground and an insufficient vertical extent of turbulence at all locations of the domain studied. Sensitivity to the horizontal resolution of the simulation is explored. It is found that higher resolution simulations improve reproduction of the mean flow when modelling the canopy explicitly. However, higher resolutions do not provide improvements for the roughness-length case and lead to a reduction in the horizontal extent of the separated region of flow on the lee slope of the ridge.
description: This is a preprint of an article published in Boundary-Layer Meteorology