cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Polymorphism and metastability in NbN: Structural predictions from first principles
Creators: name: Ogut, S.
name: Rabe, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use ab initio pseudopotential total energy calculations with a plane wave basis set to investigate the structural energetics of various phases of polymorphic NbN. Particular attention is given to its recently discovered superconducting phase with a $T_c$ of 16.4 K, reported to have the NbO structure type. Results of total energy calculations show that it is in fact energetically unfavorable for NbN to form in this cubic structure, and its predicted theoretical lattice constant is significantly smaller than the experimental value. Various approaches to the identification of an alternative structure are discussed. In preliminary investigations, we have found two new structures that are energetically more favorable than the NbO structure.
description: 11 pages, in RevTex, 3 uuencoded figures
Ciudadanías activas una apuesta de cambio en espacios territorios diversos
Creators: name: jose
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ciudadanías activas hace referencia a la participación consciente, organizada y comprometida de las personas en la transformación de su entorno. Es una apuesta por el cambio social que no se limita a votar en elecciones, sino que se extiende a la toma de decisiones colectivas, la defensa de los derechos, la protección del medio ambiente, y la construcción de comunidades más justas e incluyentes. En contextos de territorios diversos, esta participación adquiere formas distintas según las necesidades, realidades y culturas de cada lugar, pero con un mismo fin: promover el bien común desde lo local. La ciudadanía activa reconoce que todos podemos ser agentes de transformación cuando nos organizamos, actuamos y generamos propuestas concretas desde nuestro propio territorio.
Invisible widths of heavy mesons
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Bhubanjyoti
name: Grant, Cody M.
name: Petrov, Alexey A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit calculations of invisible widths of heavy mesons in the standard model, which serve as benchmarks for the studies of production of light, long-lived neutral particles in heavy meson decays. We challenge the common assumption that in the standard model these widths are dominated by meson decays into a two-neutrino final state and prove that they are dominated by decays into four-neutrino final states. We show that current estimates of the invisible widths of heavy mesons in the standard model underestimate the effect by orders of magnitude. We examine currently available experimental data on invisible widths and place constraints on the properties of dark photons. We also comment on the invisible widths of the kaons.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
title: Associations Between Herbivore Functional Group Diversity and Density and Ecosystem Functioning in the Caribbean
Creators: name: Jukar, Advait M
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Coral reefs
subject: Density
subject: Biodiversity
subject: Herbivory
subject: Ecosystem functioning
subject: Caribbean Sea

description: With an increase in the rate of biodiversity loss, much research has been focused on understanding the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Past research has shown that both the diversity and density of functional groups is positively related to ecosystem functions. This thesis explores the relationship between the variation in macroalgal and coral cover and five herbivorous fish functional groups on 51 reefs in the Caribbean. The main aims are to determine which functional groups significantly affect macroalgal cover and coral cover, both direct and indirect proxies for herbivory, and to understand the relative importance of functional group diversity and density in the function of herbivory. Linear mixed effect models are used to determine the relationships. The primary findings are 1) large parrotfish are negatively associated with macroalgal cover. These fish are known to consume large quantities of macroalgae, suggesting that this functional group is playing an important role in the function of herbivory, and 2) the density of territorial damselfish is negatively associated with macroalgal cover and positively with coral cover. A more detailed analysis of the functional group revealed high densities of only two species-Stegastes partitus and Stegastes adustus. It is known that these species do not exclude macroalgae from their territories, but prefer habitats with high coral cover and low macroalgal cover, suggesting that the relationship between territorial damselfish density and benthic cover is a result of habitat preference rather than herbivory. In addition to these findings, diversity was not a robust predictor of benthic cover, suggesting that merely increasing the species richness of an assemblage will not result in increased functioning; a proportional increase in fish density is required.
CP Violation in Two-Body Hadronic Decays of $B_c$ Meson
Creators: name: Dai, Youshan
name: Du, Dongsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the next-to-leading order low energy effective Hamiltonian, the CP asymmetries for the $B_{c}$ meson decays into meson pair are calculated in the spectator approximation. We do not compute the hadronic matrix elements directly, instead, we use the amplitude ratios to estimate the CP asymmetries. This is quite,different from the previous works in the literature. The values of the momentum squared carried by the virtual particles in timelike penguin dirgrams are also carefully discussed. From our calculated results, the best decay modes to observe CP violation in $B_{c}$ decays would be $B_{c}^-\to{\bar D}^{*0}K^{*-}$, ${\bar D}^{0}K^{*-}$, ${\bar D}^{*0} K^{-}$, ${\bar D}^{0}K^{-}$ and $B_{c}^-\toη_{c}D^{-}$, which need about $10^8$ of $B_{c}^{\pm}$ events in experiment.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures, corrected some typos and sentences
Replication files for: The UK summer heatwave of 2018 and public concern over energy security
Creators: name: Larcom, Shaun
name: Po-Wen She
name: Gevelt, Terry Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 140205 Environment and Resource Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Replication data and code for: The UK summer heatwave of 2018 and public concern over energy security
Anomalous Higgs Couplings
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the effects of new effective interactions on the Higgs boson phenomenology. New physics in the electroweak bosonic sector is expected to induce additional interactions between the Higgs doublet field and the electroweak gauge bosons leading to anomalous Higgs couplings as well as to anomalous gauge-boson self-interactions. Using a linearly realized $SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y$ invariant effective Lagrangian to describe the bosonic sector of the Standard Model, we review the effects of the new effective interactions on the Higgs boson production rates and decay modes. We summarize the results from searches for the new Higgs signatures induced by the anomalous interactions in order to constrain the scale of new physics in particular at CERN LEP and Fermilab Te vatron colliders.
description: 35 pages, latex using epsfig.sty psfig.sty and axodraw.sty, 16 postscript figures
Star Cluster Formation from Turbulent Clumps. II. Gradual Star Cluster Formation
Creators: name: Farias, Juan P.
name: Tan, Jonathan C.
name: Chatterjee, Sourav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamical evolution of star clusters during their formation, assuming that they are born from a turbulent starless clump of a given mass that is embedded within a parent self-gravitating molecular cloud characterized by a particular mass surface density. In contrast to the standard practice of most $N$-body studies, we do not assume that all stars are formed at once. Rather, we explore the effects of different star formation rates on the global structure and evolution of young embedded star clusters, also considering various primordial binary fractions and mass segregation levels. Our fiducial clumps studied in this paper have initial masses of $M_{\rm cl} = 3000\,M_\odot$, are embedded in ambient cloud environments of $Σ_{\rm cloud} = 0.1$ and 1 g cm$^{-2}$, and gradually form stars with an overall efficiency of 50% until the gas is exhausted. We investigate star formation efficiencies per free-fall time in the range $ε_{\rm ff}=0.01$ to 1, and also compare to the instantaneous case ($ε_{\rm ff}=\infty$) of Paper I. We show that most of the interesting dynamical processes that determine the future of the cluster, happen during the early formation phase. In particular, the ejected stellar population is sensitive to the duration of star cluster formation: for example, clusters with longer formation times produce more runaway stars, since these clusters remain in a dense state for longer, thus favouring occurrence of dynamical ejections. We also show that the presence of radial age gradients in star clusters depends sensitively on the star formation efficiency per free fall time, with observed values being matched best by our slowest forming clusters with $ε_{\rm ff}\lesssim0.03$.
description: 22 pages, 17 Figures, 2 tables. Submitted to MNRAS. Comments welcome!
Scotland, Nuclear Energy Policy and Independance
Creators: name: Heffron, R. J.
name: Nuttall, W. J.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: Nuclear Energy Policy
Nuclear Waste.

description: This paper examines the role of nuclear energy in Scotland, and the concerns for Scotland as it votes for independence. The aim is to focus directly on current Scottish energy policy and its relationship to nuclear energy. The paper does not purport to advise on a vote for or against Scottish independence but aims to further the debate in an underexplored area of energy policy that will be of value whether Scotland secures independence or further devolution. There are four central parts to this paper: (1) consideration of the Scottish electricity mix; (2) an analysis of a statement about nuclear energy made by the Scottish energy minister; (3) examination of nuclear energy issues as presented in the Scottish Independence White Paper; and (4) the issue of nuclear waste is assessed. A recurrent theme in the analysis is that whether one is for, against, or indifferent to new nuclear energy development, it highlights a major gap in Scotland's energy and environmental policy goals. Too often, the energy policy debate from the Scottish Government perspective has been reduced to a low-carbon energy development debate between nuclear energy and renewable energy. There is little reflection on how to reduce Scottish dependency on fossil fuels. For Scotland to aspire to being a low-carbon economy, to decarbonising its electricity market, and to being a leader within the climate change community, it needs to tackle the issue of how to stop the continuation of burning fossil fuels.
Light-induced d-wave superconductivity through Floquet-engineered Fermi surfaces in cuprates
Creators: name: Kennes, Dante M.
name: Claassen, Martin
name: Sentef, Michael A.
name: Karrasch, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a mechanism for light-induced Floquet engineering of the Fermi surface to dynamically tip the balance between competing instabilities in correlated condensed matter systems in the vicinity of a van-Hove singularity. We first calculate how the Fermi surface is deformed by an off-resonant, high-frequency light field and then determine the impact of this deformation on the ordering tendencies using an unbiased functional renormalization group approach. As a testbed, we investigate Floquet engineering in cuprates driven by light. We find that the $d$-wave superconducting ordering tendency in this system can be strongly enhanced over the Mott insulating one. This gives rise to extended regions of induced $d$-wave superconductivity in the effective phase diagram in the presence of a light field.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures plus Supplementary Information
How To Get Your Article Published in High Impact Journal
Creators: name: Kazem, Hussein A
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: In this presentation, the steps of conducting research and writing the paper till it gets published in a high IF journal is presented. Some of the author's experiences to be shared and some highlight tips on the way for publishing could be helpful.
description: Sohar University PO Box 44, PCI 311
title: The Use of Lidar Data to Identify Ancient and Modern Structures in the Teotihuacan Valley
Creators: name: Bonomo, Kira A
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Teotihuacan
subject: Archaeology
subject: Spatial filters
subject: Lidar
subject: GIS
subject: Feature recognition

description: This thesis has been embargoed for 2 years and will not be available until May 2020 at the earliest.
description: Archaeologists spend considerable time and effort manually identifying landscape features on maps. This thesis explores the analysis of lidar data by developing and applying automated methods of feature identification and classification, which could ease and hasten the current process. Lidar data of an approximately 170 km2 area of the Teotihuacan Valley, northeast of Mexico City, Mexico, were used. Features for identification were field system terrace edges, springs, and structures. Spatial analysis and filtering of the lidar imagery was pursued predominantly using ArcGIS and Matlab. The automated identification of the feature types was inconclusive because of the complexities of the landscapes and the limitations of the available methodologies. Current methodologies remain suitable for enhancing the manual classification of landscapes using remote sensing data.
X-shooting GRBs at high redshift: probing dust production history
Creators: name: Zafar, T.
name: Møller, P.
name: Watson, D.
name: Lattanzio, J.
name: Hopkins, A. M.
name: Karakas, A.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Tanvir, N. R.
name: Selsing, J.
name: Jakobsson, P.
name: Heintz, K. E.
name: Kann, D. A.
name: Groves, B.
name: Kulkarni, V.
name: Covino, S.
name: D'Elia, V.
name: Japelj, J.
name: Corre, D.
name: Vergani, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evolved asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and Type Ia supernovae (SNe) are important contributors to the elements that form dust in the interstellar medium of galaxies, in particular, carbon and iron. However, they require at least a Gyr to start producing these elements, therefore, a change in dust quantity or properties may appear at high redshifts. In this work, we use extinction of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows as a tool to look for variations in dust properties at z>3. We use a spectroscopically selected sample of GRB afterglows observed with the VLT/X-shooter instrument to determine extinction curves out to high redshifts. We present ten new z>3 X-shooter GRBs of which six are dusty. Combining these with individual extinction curves of three previously known z>3 GRBs, we find an average extinction curve consistent with the SMC-Bar. A comparison with spectroscopically selected GRBs at all redshifts indicates a drop in visual extinction (A_V) at z>3.5 with no moderate or high extinction bursts. We check for observational bias using template spectra and find that GRBs up to z~8 are detectable with X-shooter up to A_V~0.3 mag. Although other biases are noted, a uniformly low dust content above z>3.5 indicates a real drop, suggesting a transition in dust properties and/or available dust building blocks. The remarkable increase in dust content at z<3.5 could arise due to carbon and possibly iron production by the first carbon-rich AGB and Type Ia SNe, respectively. Alternatively, z>3.5 dust drop could be the result of low stellar masses of GRB host galaxies.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, MNRAS accepted
The competition assessment framework for the retail energy sector: some concerns about the proposed interpretation
Creators: name: Littlechild, S.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: retail competition

description: The framework proposed by Ofgem, OFT and CMA invokes a well-functioning market, but the Competition Commission has not always used such a concept, and when it has done so it has been problematic. Here, the well-functioning market is Ofgem's vision of a successful market, not anchored in any actual market. Ofgem's indicators of a competitive market have changed since 2002: tariff variety and products tailored to different customer groups are now a harmful complexity rather than a potential benefit of competition. The proposed “theories of harm” ignore regulatory policy and coordinated conduct facilitated by regulation. The analysis of weak customer response fails to distinguish between competition as an equilibrium state and as the Competition Commission's rivalrous discovery process over time. The framework thus reflects Ofgem's perspective, but the assessment needs to be independent because regulation is at issue, and because Ofgem is no longer capable of a competition assessment.
Teilprojekt 2 - Austrian Datahub for Open Access Negotiations and Monitoring
Creators: name: Hikl, Anna-Laetitia
name: Danowski, Patrick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The Austrian Transition to Open Access 2 (AT2OA2) project supports different aspects of the Open Access-transformation process. Subproject 2 set up a national Data Hub for Open Access Negotiations and Monitoring.  This poster summarizes the findings of the four year project phase and was first presented at the AT2OA2 closing event on October 09th, 2024.
Calidoscopio y talismán
Creators: name: Saúl, Yurkievich
name: Yurkievich, Saúl
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021
Subjects: Literatura argentina
"Rayuela"

description: Notas: Anotación tapuscrita en la parte superior de la primera página del texto: "Saúl Yurkievich a Leonardo Pérez / El Mundo / Cultura.
description: Source: Num.Ref. : JC-DY-CAR-05.025
description: Source: Localización del archivo: Centre de Recherches Latino-Américaines (CRLA–Archivos, ITEM UMR8132). MSHS - Bât. A5, 1er étage 5 rue Théodore Lefebvre - TSA21103. 86073 Poitiers cedex 9.
description: Bibliographic citation: Yurkievich, Saúl, « Rayuela Calidoscopio y talismán », El Mundo Cultural, núm. 55 (04/06/2001).
Issues and Options in the Economic Regulation of European Network Security
Creators: name: Zhang, Y.
name: Nepal, R.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: incentive regulation
output-based

description: Incentive regulation needs to adapt to the emerging changes in the operating environment of the electricity networks and take into account the security of these. This paper assesses the current issues and options in economic regulation of network security across the European electricity systems. An output oriented incentive regulatory approach combines the efficiency promoting mechanisms in a revenue cap framework with output based incentives such as better provision of network security. Thus, incentive regulation is destined to move from pursuing the optimal to being more practical. The RIIO regulatory framework in the UK and the service quality regulation in Italy provide good examples of application of output-based regulation. We also propose an output-based approach for regulation of network security, which accounts for the risks from natural, accidental and malicious threats. We conclude that regulation for network security may also involve looking beyond economic network regulation and focus on the wider security policy and regulation interface considering the risks facing the electricity networks.
title: The Affect of Labor: The Production of Authenticity and Intimacy in Etsy, Kiva and Twitch
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2020

description: The rise of digital micro-entrepreneurship has been defined in part by a reliance on affective appeals to create a sense of intimacy between users and thus engender followings and transactional relationships. I argue that the ubiquity of certain affects can be particular to political economic contexts – in this case neoliberalism – and tied to ideologies of this era and its cultural and technological particularities, which I am labeling historical affects. While I postulate that historical affects can be evinced in various historical moments, I examine those affects that are crucial to neoliberalism and late capitalism, and specifically within a digital context. The overarching neoliberal affect examined here is authenticity, a mode of self-representation that aligns with dominant neoliberal ideologies and platform-specific corporate narratives, as well as those affects that are particular to gendered and racialized representations and responses. The deployment of markers of authenticity fosters an affective public that coheres around the amplification and performance of shared sentiments such as feminine displays of passion and exuberance tied to postfeminist ideologies on Etsy, neocolonial celebrations of empowerment and a hardworking entrepreneurial spirit through the microlending organization Kiva, and the cultivation of celebrity by and identity-based and crowd-fueled attacks against streamers of Twitch. The imbrication of various affects with specific neoliberal ideologies and platforms functions differentially in each iteration to produce an affective matrix, or the constitutive formation of affect in each object. Varying affective formations, or matrices, and similar affective appeals or discursive representations, can have different meanings and implications dependent upon cultural context as well as other factors; the contexts create different affective realities and iterations of ideological imperatives as well as representations and embodied experiences.
Is there a Landau Pole Problem in QED?
Creators: name: Göckeler, M.
name: Horsley, R.
name: Linke, V.
name: Rakow, P.
name: Schierholz, G.
name: Stüben, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a lattice version of QED by numerical simulations. For the renormalized charge and mass we find results which are consistent with the renormalized charge vanishing in the continuum limit. A detailed study of the relation between bare and renormalized quantities reveals that the Landau pole lies in a region of parameter space which is made inaccessible by spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking.
Reform of the Coal Sector in an Open Economy: The Case of China
Creators: name: Ji, S.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Zhang, Y.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: China
open economy
privatisation
game theory

description: Cheap, abundant and easy to transport and store, coal has been produced and consumed to meet people's energy needs. The last decade's growth in global coal use has been driven mainly by developing economies like China, whose phenomenal economic growth has been powered by coal-fired electricity and promoted by the export of manufactured goods. A recent reform focus in China's coal sector is on coal taxation. The paper develops a game-theoretic model tailored to the context of China where coal taxation reform takes place against the background of privatisation of coal firms and an open economy. It finds that the adoption of special coal taxes is optimal for social welfare under most circumstances, but may induce coal firms to commit opportunistic behaviour in the process of privatisation. The paper also cautions about potential resistance to the reform from consumers, coal firms and government officials.
title: Newspaper Column: The Battle Over Voter ID
Creators: name: Nicoson, William J.
Publisher: name: The Connection
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: General Assembly (VA)
subject: Voting

description: PDF file distilled from original WordPerfect document. Original size 11" x 8.5".
description: When you go to the polls to vote on November 2 , bring an identification card with you. Your nd driver’s license or social security card will do. What? You say that’s asking too much? You say you’ll just stay home? That’s exactly what the Virginia Democratic Party says will happen. The Democrats have brought a lawsuit seeking to invalidate the recently enacted voter-ID pilot program for polling stations in Fairfax County and 9 other localities.
Magnetic nanowires and nanotubes
Creators: name: Stano, Michal
name: Fruchart, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a review of the current knowledge about the synthesis, magnetic properties and applications of magnetic cylindrical nanowires and nanotubes. By "nano" we consider diameters reasonably smaller than a micrometer. At this scale, comparable to micromagnetic and transport length scales, novel properties appear. At the same time, this makes the underlying physics easier to understand due to the limiter number of degrees of freedom involved. The three-dimensional nature and the curvature of these objects contribute also to their specific properties, compared to patterns flat elements. While the topic of nanowires and later nanotubes started now decades ago, it is nevertheless flourishing, thanks to the progress of synthesis, theory and characterization tools. These give access to ever more complex and thus functional structures, and also shifting the focus from material-type measurements of large assemblies, to single-object investigations. We first provide an overview of common fabrication methods yielding nanowires, nanotubes and structures engineered in geometry~(change in diameter, shape) or material (segments, core-shell structures), shape or core-shell. We then review their magnetic properties: global measurements, magnetization states and switching, single domain wall statics and dynamics, and spin waves. For each aspect, both theory and experiments are surveyed. We also mention standard characterization techniques useful for these. We finally mention emerging applications of magnetic nanowires and nanotubes, along with the foreseen perspectives in the topic.
description: Review, 124 pages, 23 figures, 496 references. To appear as a chapter in the Handbook of Magnetic Materials volume 27 (Elsevier). Comments are welcome to improve the manuscript
Trust and Norwegian-Russian Energy Relations
Creators: name: Ozawa, M.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: oil
trade
co-operation
Norway
Russia

description: Trust in Norwegian-Russian energy relations is one in the making. Both sides have actively pursued to build trust, particularly over the past decade. The process has been driven by shared economic interests, the prominence of the petroleum industry in both countries, and a desire to improve political relations on both sides. Factors shaping trust are pre-existing on the one hand, and determined by the actors' signals on the other. Different organisational and cultural preferences likewise play a role in the development of trust and degree of co-operation. This study argues that the current level of trust is neither high nor low when compared to other bi-lateral relations with Russia. While trust appears to have contributed to breakthroughs in co-operation such as the resolution of the maritime border and new joint ventures in oil exploration, a lack of trust owing to diverging interests and market forces is inhibiting collaboration in the realm of gas. This potentially puts Norway and Russia on a path to increased competition for their primary gas markets, first in Germany and then in the rest of continental Europe. As the two main gas suppliers of the EU, this suggests serious implications on the future of European gas markets, the return on investment for their upstream gas industries, and energy security in the region.
description: Europe
Pyaneti: a fast and powerful software suite for multi-planet radial velocity and transit fitting
Creators: name: Barragán, O.
name: Gandolfi, D.
name: Antoniciello, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transiting exoplanet parameter estimation from time-series photometry and Doppler spectroscopy is fundamental to study planets' internal structures and compositions. Here we present the code pyaneti, a powerful and user-friendly software suite to perform multi-planet radial velocity and transit data fitting. The code uses a Bayesian approach combined with an MCMC sampling to estimate the parameters of planetary systems. We combine the numerical efficiency of FORTRAN, the versatility of PYTHON, and the parallelization of OpenMP to make pyaneti a fast and easy to use code. The package is freely available at https://github.com/oscaribv/pyaneti.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
On the concept of complexity in random dynamical systems
Creators: name: Loreto, V.
name: Paladin, G.
name: Vulpiani, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a measure of complexity in terms of the average number of bits per time unit necessary to specify the sequence generated by the system. In random dynamical system, this indicator coincides with the rate K of divergence of nearby trajectories evolving under two different noise realizations. The meaning of K is discussed in the context of the information theory, and it is shown that it can be determined from real experimental data. In presence of strong dynamical intermittency, the value of K is very different from the standard Lyapunov exponent computed considering two nearby trajectories evolving under the same randomness. However, the former is much more relevant than the latter from a physical point of view as illustrated by some numerical computations for noisy maps and sandpile models.
description: 35 pages, LaTeX
The Japanese Electricity System 15 months After March 11th 2011
Creators: name: Haarscher, A.
name: Bruner, M.
name: Doblas, J.
name: Fargere, A.
name: Ashley, S.F.
name: Nuttal, W.J.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: Energy Conservation

description: The Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami on March 11th 2011 caused mass destruction, significant loss-of-life and a large displacement of people. It also placed significant strain of Japan's electricity-generating infrastructure. There was a significant reduction in capacity due to the damage in thermal generation and gradual closure of Japan's nuclear power plants; the ability for load-balancing across the Japanese grid was compromised due to limited interconnections between the different utilities that comprise the Japanese electricity system. This paper looks at the first fifteen months following the earthquake and tsunami: outlining the supply reduction and consequent attempts to manage the demand. In turn it highlights the foibles of Japan's vertically-integrated monopolistic structures and the evolution of governmental and utilities response that went from decisions made 'on-the-fly' to a more developed policy for peak-demand electricity savings. The findings from this paper should serve as a useful set of examples to aid decision makers in contingency planning for disruptive large-scale reduction in electricity-generating capacity.
Does Weather Have an Impact on Electricity Distribution Efficiency? Evidence from South America
Creators: name: Anaya, K. L.
name: Pollitt, M. G.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: electricity distribution markets
weather
South America

description: This paper analyses the influence of weather variables on the efficiency of electricity distribution utilities in Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Peru. The data covers 82 firms that operate in the previously mentioned countries which represent more than 90 per cent of the distribution market of energy delivered for the period 1998-2008. The stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) is applied with a translog input distance function approach. A combination of cost and cost-quality models is proposed to create better discussions. Weather data are collected from 429 meteorological stations and lightning data (flash rate) are collected from 3,423 coordinates provided by NASA. A geographic information system (GIS) is used for locating the firms' service areas and for allocating their respective meteorological stations and coordinates. Results suggest that on average under cost models there is a significant increase in efficiency when weather is incorporated in the production function. Firms from Brazil and Peru are those which operate in less favourable weather conditions. Under the cost-quality models, on average the effect of weather is much lower. From this, it appears to be that firms have internalised the effects of weather and have adapted their networks with consideration to the environment in which they operate. A company-level analysis indicates that across models an important number of companies are affected by weather. Regulators are advised to make the case for the proper adjustments of efficiency scores when specific firms face important efficiency changes due to weather.
Radiation of scalar modes and the classical double copy
Creators: name: Carrillo-Gonzalez, Mariana
name: Penco, Riccardo
name: Trodden, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The double copy procedure relates gauge and gravity theories through color-kinematics replacements and holds for both scattering amplitudes and in classical contexts. Moreover, it has been shown that there is a web of theories whose scattering amplitudes are related through operations that exchange color and kinematic factors. In this paper, we generalize and extend this procedure by showing that the classical perturbative double copy of pions corresponds to special Galileons. We consider point-particles coupled to the relevant scalar fields, and find the leading and next to leading order radiation amplitudes. By considering couplings motivated by those that would arise from extracting the longitudinal modes of the gauge and gravity theories, we are able to map the non-linear sigma model radiation to that of the special Galileon. We also construct the single copy by mapping the bi-adjoint scalar radiation to the non-linear sigma model radiation through generalized color-kinematics replacements.
description: 30 pages, 5 figures
IMPLEMENTATION OF AES AND ELGAMAL ALGORITHMS FOR A SECURE RFID DATABASE IN HEALTHCARE
Creators: name: Chinedu, Michael Nwachukwu
name: Ngozi, Amaka Okoro
Publisher: name: noland journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: AES, EEA, Patients, Hospital

description: The work proposed a hybrid encryption algorithm for security of database and protection in radio frequency identification system using an advanced encryption standard and elgamal encryption as a cryptographic primitive. The algorithm protects high-valued sensitive health records against malicious users. With the developed system, one can provide a proof for each record stored in the database of the RFID system because it is sufficiently robust to withstand replay attack, eavesdropping attack and backward traceability. All records are randomized and each tag has its own unique identification data. In the proposed solution, the database was secured using hybrid encryption standard. The system is user friendly and interactive. Security enhancement will be achieved with the new system. The software when deployed will assist health institutions to keep track of their patients’ record easily. The New Hybrid Encryption algorithm takes much longer time compare to time taken by AES and Elgamal. Since the hybrid algorithm takes longer time for both encryption and decryption, it makes it more secure, since the higher the encryption processes the longer it will take for a hacker to break the encryption algorithm, since computing power is on the increase, speed will not be a problem in the nearest future and as such, in certain classified database, one cannot trade security with speed. This study will be useful in the protection of data stored in organizational databases. Data/information transmitted via insecure media will be received without interference or loss of data or information of any kind. It also reduces theft to its barest minimum. The hybrid security system will help individuals and organizations to protect their information from unauthorized user. Securing sensitive data from illegal access, theft and forging becomes a lesser challenge for different organizations, like security agencies, higher institutions and private sectors. This will make information stored or shared confidential. This study significant importance to Nigeria Police Force because it will forestall tampering of records but rather ensure its integrity
title: Newspaper Column: Traffic Congestion Early Warning
Creators: name: Nicoson, William J.
Publisher: name: The Connection
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: EyeCast.com
subject: Traffic
subject: Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT)
subject: Commuting

description: PDF file distilled from original WordPerfect document. Original size 11" x 8.5".
description: The investment of time required to drive to D.C. in early morning or evening has always been a crap shoot. I choose one of three possible routes based on prior congestive experience at the time of departure and hope for the best. That means I allow at least an extra 15 minutes for bumperto- bumper tie-ups and slow-downs in order to arrive at the outset of a meeting or before the curtain rises. EyeCast.com, a Herndon company specializing in internet-based technologies, has put in place an early warning system for traffic congestion, with the collaboration of the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT). Some 110 cameras have been installed by VDOT at key highway locations throughout Northern Virginia to hasten dispatch of assistance to sites of accidents or breakdowns and to permit overhead posting of adverse driving conditions. EyeCast.com has established a website (www.highwaynet.com) to display at all times the current photographic images of VDOT cameras, permitting drivers in advance to evaluate conditions for themselves. Photos from 25 cameras are now available. By summer of this year, the website will post images from all 110 VDOT cameras.
Inefficiency persistence and heterogeneity in Colombian electricity distribution utilities
Creators: name: Galán, J. E.
name: Pollitt, M. G.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: dynamic effects
heterogeneity
stochastic frontier models

description: The electricity reform in Colombia has exhibited gains in terms of reliability but its effects on firms efficiency and service quality have not been clear. Previous studies evaluating the performance of distribution companies after the reform have not found evidence of improvements, although large differences in efficiency have been found among firms. This suggests high inefficiency persistence and heterogeneity in the Colombian distribution sector. In this paper, we propose an extension of dynamic stochastic frontier models that accounts for unobserved heterogeneity in the inefficiency persistence and in the technology. The model incorporates total expenses, service quality and energy losses in an efficiency analysis of Colombian distributors over fifteen years after the reform. We identify the presence of high inefficiency persistence in the sector, and important differences between firms. In particular, rural companies and firms with small customers present low persistence and evidence the largest gains in efficiency during the period. However, increases in efficiency are only manifested during the last five years when the main improvements in service quality and energy losses are presented. Overall, inefficiency persistence, customer density and consumption density are found to be important criteria to be considered for regulatory purposes.
title: The Effect of Mild Copper Deficiency on Fear Extinction and Motor Functioning
Creators: name: Lippi, Stephen Lawrence Patrick
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Copper
subject: Fear extinction
subject: Deficiency
subject: Zinc
subject: Nutrition
subject: Biometals

description: Biometals play a large role within the human body where a deviation from normal levels can result in behavioral abnormalities. Copper (Cu) is a transition metal with physiological importance and has been shown to have a remediating effect on the behavioral impairments caused by excess Zinc (Zn). In order to examine the effects of a Cu deficient diet directly, diets mildly deficient in Cu with identical Zn levels were developed and resulting behavioral effects were examined. Forty-five male Sprague- Dawley rats were tested for cued fear learning, fear extinction, and motor functioning in order to assess the effect of dietary metal content on behavior. Using specially formulated diets, a mild Cu deficiency was examined directly, as opposed to a Cu deficiency attained through excess levels of Zn. Animals were given a Cu deficient diet (4ppm Cu) while still in prenatal development, a Cu deficient diet (4ppm) after birth (postnatal), and a Cu control diet (16ppm) after birth (postnatal) and were raised for a period of 4 months. Throughout the fear learning and extinction paradigm, there were no significant differences between the dietary conditions except on the second day of fear extinction recall where a marginally significant difference was detected with the prenatal Cu deficient group exhibiting higher percent freezing than the postnatal Cu deficient and control groups. However, in analysis of the accelerating rotarod task, significant differences between the diets were found on days 2 and 3 as well as when the performance was averaged across all three days of testing and across the nine total trials. The postnatal Cu deficient group consistently exhibited lower latencies to fall. Significant differences were noted in the weights between the dietary groups. At weaning (PND 21), the prenatal Cu deficient weighed significantly more than the postnatal Cu deficient, and at 4 months of age, the postnatal Cu control group weighed significantly more than the pre- and postnatal Cu deficient groups. These results suggest that a diet mildly deficient in Cu may lead to motor abnormalities and impairment and not necessarily lead to significant differences in fear learning. These data show the important role that dietary metal content plays in behavior and that using appropriate control and experimental diets can have a significant effect on rodent behavioral experiments.
Dynamic Efficiency and Incentive Regulation: An Application to Electricity Distribution Networks
Creators: name: Poudineh, R.
name: Emvalomatis, G.
name: Zhang, Y.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: investment incentives
benchmarking
electricity

description: Efficiency and productivity analysis is a central concept in incentive-based regulation of network utilities. However, the efficiency measures obtained from benchmarking predominantly reflect short term performance and hence, provide only a snapshot of the firm's path towards its long run equilibrium. On the other hand, the factors affecting the short run behaviour of firms may not be adjusted instantaneously when firms undertake investment. In these instances, short run inefficiency caused by investments will be transmitted to subsequent periods. This effect, which arises from costs associated with the adjustment of capital stock or production capacity, is problematic under incentive regulation with ex-post regulatory treatment of capital expenditure. This is because it adversely affects the firms' short term efficiency and, consequently, regulated revenue. This paper analyses the dynamic behaviour of inefficiency for a balanced panel of 128 Norwegian electricity distribution companies from 2004 to 2010. We show that, in a given period, inefficiency is a combination of period-specific effects (shocks) plus a carry-over component from previous periods due to adjustment costs. Also, we estimate these two components of inefficiency along with the rate of inefficiency transmission between periods.
Efficient Sum-of-Sinusoids based Spatial Consistency for the 3GPP New-Radio Channel Model
Creators: name: Jaeckel, Stephan
name: Raschkowski, Leszek
name: Burkhardt, Frank
name: Thiele, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Spatial consistency was proposed in the 3GPP TR 38.901 channel model to ensure that closely spaced mobile terminals have similar channels. Future extensions of this model might incorporate mobility at both ends of the link. This requires that all random variables in the model must be correlated in 3 (single-mobility) and up to 6 spatial dimensions (dual-mobility). Existing filtering methods cannot be used due to the large requirements of memory and computing time. The sum-of-sinusoids model promises to be an efficient solution. To use it in the 3GPP channel model, we extended the existing model to a higher number of spatial dimensions and propose a new method to calculate the sinusoid coefficients in order to control the shape of the autocorrelation function. The proposed method shows good results for 2, 3, and 6 dimensions and achieves a four times better approximation accuracy compared to the existing model. This provides a very efficient implementation of the 3GPP proposal and enables the simulation of many communication scenarios that were thought to be impossible to realize with geometry-based stochastic channel models.
Supply function equilibria in transportation networks
Creators: name: Holmberg, P.
name: Philpott, A.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2014
Subjects: Supply Function Equilibrium
Trading network
Transmission network
Wholesale electricity markets

description: Transport constraints limit competition and arbitrageurs' possibilities of exploiting price differences between commodities in neighbouring markets. We analyze a transportation network where oligopoly producers compete with supply functions under uncertain demand, as in wholesale electricity markets. For symmetric networks with a radial structure, we show that existence of symmetric supply function equilibria (SFE) is ensured if demand shocks are sufficiently evenly distributed. We can explicitly solve for them for uniform multi-dimensional nodal demand shocks.