cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Eriopisa undetermined
Creators: name: Al-Kandari, Manal
name: Polikarpov, Igor
name: Nithyanandan, Manickam
name: Al-Yamani, Faiza
name: Grintsov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Eriopisidae
Eriopisa
Eriopisa undetermined

description: 35. Eriopisa sp. cf. E. elongata (Bruzelius, 1859) ++
Syn.: Eriopiz elongata Bruzelius, 1859
Regional record: Kuwait: this study (KISR-FM075C/ Amphipoda /030).
Local distribution and occurrence: Kuwait Bay; occasional (5%).
Habitat: Subtidal zone; muddy sand.
description: Published as part of Al-Kandari, Manal, Polikarpov, Igor, Nithyanandan, Manickam, Al-Yamani, Faiza & Grintsov, Vladimir, 2023, An annotated checklist of the Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Kuwait, north-western Arabian Gulf, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 5351 (1) on page 15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5351.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8391121
Artema Walckenaer 1837
Creators: name: Huber, Bernhard A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Pholcidae
Artema

description: Artema Walckenaer, 1837
Notes. For synonymy, diagnosis, and description see Aharon et al. (2017) and Huber & Carvalho (2019). With a carapace width of 4.5 mm the male holotype extends the known range of this character to 2.4–4.5. The high number of modified hairs on the male chelicerae extend the range of this character to 16–27. The tibia 1 length of one of the females extends the range of this character (in females) to 5.3–18.3.
description: Published as part of Huber, Bernhard A., 2021, First Northwest African species of the spider genus Artema, from caves in Morocco with notes on body size in pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae), pp. 324-334 in Zootaxa 4984 (1) on page 325, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4984.1.23, http://zenodo.org/record/4927365
Eriopisella undetermined
Creators: name: Al-Kandari, Manal
name: Polikarpov, Igor
name: Nithyanandan, Manickam
name: Al-Yamani, Faiza
name: Grintsov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Eriopisidae
Eriopisella
Eriopisella undetermined

description: 36. Eriopisella sp. *
Regional record: Kuwait: this study (KISR-FM075C/ Amphipoda /031).
Local distribution and occurrence: Kuwait Bay; occasional (6%).
Habitat: Subtidal zone; muddy sand.
*Remarks: Undescribed species (taxonomic note and illustrations in Al-Yamani et al. 2019: p. 186, pls 79, 80, fig. ZP-28).
description: Published as part of Al-Kandari, Manal, Polikarpov, Igor, Nithyanandan, Manickam, Al-Yamani, Faiza & Grintsov, Vladimir, 2023, An annotated checklist of the Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Kuwait, north-western Arabian Gulf, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 5351 (1) on page 15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5351.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8391121
Suger's life and personality
Creators: name: Benton, John F.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1981

description: The text which follows was presented as the introductory paper at the International Symposium on Abbot Suger and Saint-Denis held at Columbia University, 11 April 1981. It gives a brief chronology of
Suger's life -- born c. 1081, became abbot 1122, died 1151. Suger, who came from a family of minor knights, tells us almost nothing of his childhood and background. He got early administrative training as a provost of priories in Normandy and Beauce and also served King Louis VI as an emissary. As Abbot of Saint-Denis he served both Louis VI and his son, Louis VII as a counsellor, and during the Second Crusade he acted as regent. His policies showed a consistent preference for negotiated settlement and peace. Suger's three major monuments were his writing, his administrative and financial reforms, and his artistic achievement in the rebuilding and embellishment of the abbey church. On all these he left marks of his own strong sense of self.
description: Published - HumsWP-0061.pdf
Parhyale Stebbing 1897
Creators: name: Al-Kandari, Manal
name: Polikarpov, Igor
name: Nithyanandan, Manickam
name: Al-Yamani, Faiza
name: Grintsov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Hyalidae
Parhyale

description: Genus Parhyale Stebbing, 1897
Syn.: Hyaloides Schellenberg, 1939
description: Published as part of Al-Kandari, Manal, Polikarpov, Igor, Nithyanandan, Manickam, Al-Yamani, Faiza & Grintsov, Vladimir, 2023, An annotated checklist of the Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Kuwait, north-western Arabian Gulf, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 5351 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5351.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8391121
ЎҚУВ АДАБИЁТЛАРИ СИФАТИНИ ОШИРИШДА КАСБИЙ ФАОЛИЯНИ ТАЪЛИМ ФАОЛИЯТГА БОҒЛАШ
Creators: name: Каримов, Бахромали
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ушбу мақолада компетенцияга йўналтирилган замонавий ўқув адабиётларини яратишда мутаҳасснинг касбий фаолиятини талабанинг таълим жараёнидаги фаолиятига боғлаш долзарб масала эканлиги баён этилган.
Macruromys elegans Stein 1933
Creators: name: Don E. Wilson
name: Russell A. Mittermeier
name: Thomas E. Lacher, Jr
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Macruromys
Macruromys elegans

description: 249.
Lesser Small-toothed Rat
Macruromys elegans
French: Petit Macruromys / German: Kleine Neuguinea-Kleinzahnratte / Spanish: Rata de dientes pequenos menor
Other common names: Lesser Macruromys, Western Small-toothed Rat
Taxonomy. Macruromys elegans Stein, 1933,
Mount Kunupi, 1400-1800 m, Weyland Range, Province of Papua, West Papua (= Irian Jaya), New Guinea.
G. G. Musser and M. D. Carleton in 2005 assigned genus Macruromys to their Pogono- mys division. Monotypic.
Distribution. Known only from type locality on Mt Kunupi, New Guinea; possibly restricted to Weyland Range.
Descriptive notes. Head-body 153-
158 mm, tail 206-220 mm, hindfoot 36-37 mm, ear 15-21 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. This medium-sized rat is much smaller and more gracile than its congener, the Greater Small-toothed Rat (M. major). Upperparts are grayish with aweak hint of brown, and bases of hairs slaty gray; on the mid-dorsalit is somewhat blackish gray. Underparts are silvery gray with dark bases. Tail is dark above and white below, with yellowish-white tip for the last 50 mm. Mystacial hairs are ¢.70 mm long. The Lesser Small-toothed Rat has relatively small molars, as does the Greater Small-toothed Rat; skull is more or less similar to the latter’s, but smaller and with the paired ridges extending from front of molars to praemaxillae weakly developed (pronounced and sharp-edged in the Greater Small-toothed Rat). Females have four mammae.
Habitat. The Lesser Small-toothed Rat presumably lives in montane forest.
Food and Feeding. No information.
Breeding. No information.
Activity patterns. No information.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.
Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Exhaustive surveys were carried out in the 1930s and the species was not found elsewhere, but no surveys have been undertaken since then. Further knowledge of any potential dangers could result in a threatened listing. It is not known if the Lesser Small-toothed Rat is present in any protected areas. Further surveys of the original collection site are needed in order to gather more information about this species.
Bibliography. Boitani et al. (2006), Leary, Singadan, Menzies, Wright, Aplin & Helgen (2008b), Menzies & Dennis (1979), Musser & Carleton (2005), Stein (1933), Tate (1951).
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Muridae, pp. 536-884 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 691, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6887260
Parhyale basrensis Salman 1986
Creators: name: Al-Kandari, Manal
name: Polikarpov, Igor
name: Nithyanandan, Manickam
name: Al-Yamani, Faiza
name: Grintsov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Hyalidae
Parhyale
Parhyale basrensis

description: 37. Parhyale basrensis Salman, 1986 +
Regional records: Iraq: Salman 1986; Kuwait: this study (KISR-FM075C/ Amphipoda /061).
Local distribution and occurrence: Kuwait Bay (Al-Judailiat, Ras Ajuza), Failaka Island, Kubbar Island, Umm Al-Maradim Island; frequent (24%).
Habitat: Intertidal zone; sand, pebble, dead corals, rocks with algae, shells, and sponges.
description: Published as part of Al-Kandari, Manal, Polikarpov, Igor, Nithyanandan, Manickam, Al-Yamani, Faiza & Grintsov, Vladimir, 2023, An annotated checklist of the Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Kuwait, north-western Arabian Gulf, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 5351 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5351.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8391121
title: DOI Policy
Creators: name: Open Research Systems
Publisher: name: Diamond Open Access Journals at Cambridge
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: library policy
subject: persistent identifier
subject: FAIR principles

description: CUL will assign DOIs with the Cambridge prefix (CAM) to selected Research Outputs, including journal articles, datasets, theses and working papers. For Research Outputs which already have DOIs, we will not assign a Cambridge DOI to the record.
The undermining of the first reconstruction : lessons for the second
Creators: name: Kousser, J. Morgan
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1981

description: As Congress considers whether to renew, amend, or scuttle the Voting Rights Act, what relevant lessons can we draw from the historical record of the First (nineteenth century) Reconstruction and its undermining? The federal voting rights machinery, more sophisticated and stringent than is usually believed, represented an attempt, parallel to the VRA, to protect citizens' political rights.  It was finally outflanked, as the VRA may be. The promises of southern leaders in the l870s, convincing to some credulous Yankees of the period, are also echoed in the debate a century later.  There were four stages in the nineteenth and early twentieth century attack on black voting rights: the Klan stage, the dilution stage, the disfranchisement stage, and the lily-white stage.  Concentrating on the second and fourth of these, which are less well known than the other two, I detail sixteen mechanisms of nineteenth
century southern vote dilution (most of which are still in use) and attempt to counter the argument that the so-called "Progressive Era" in the South was a "race-proof" period and that therefore any election schemes adopted at that time could not have been intended to disadvantage blacks.  Finally, I draw parallels between Supreme Court decisions around the turn of the century and the recent decisions which climaxed with ~ v. Bolden. The possibility that the Supreme Court may again emasculate federal protection of black voting rights should give pause to any Congressperson who believes that he or she can safely let the VRA lapse because the courts can be relied upon to secure these rights.
description: Written Testimony of Dr. J. Morgan Kousser, Professor of History and Social Science, California Institute of Technology, Prepared for Hearing on Renewal of the Voting Rights Act Before The Subcommittee on Civil and Constitutional Rights of the House Judiciary Committee, June 24, 1981
description: Published - HumsWP-0064.pdf
Protohyale arabica Myers & Nithyanandan 2016
Creators: name: Al-Kandari, Manal
name: Polikarpov, Igor
name: Nithyanandan, Manickam
name: Al-Yamani, Faiza
name: Grintsov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Hyalidae
Protohyale
Protohyale arabica

description: 38. Protohyale arabica Myers & Nithyanandan, 2016
Regional records: Kuwait: Myers & Nithyanandan 2016; this study (KISR-FM075C/ Amphipoda /072).
Local distribution and occurrence: Al-Khiran, Al-Nuwaiseeb, Failaka Island, Auha Island; occasional (8%).
Habitat: Intertidal zone; soft sediments, Sargassum spp. and other macroalgae.
description: Published as part of Al-Kandari, Manal, Polikarpov, Igor, Nithyanandan, Manickam, Al-Yamani, Faiza & Grintsov, Vladimir, 2023, An annotated checklist of the Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Kuwait, north-western Arabian Gulf, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 5351 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5351.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8391121
The pasts of a Pālaiyakārar : the ethnohistory of a south Indian little king
Creators: name: Dirks, Nicholas B.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1981

description: This paper examines a text which is the family history of a line of south Indian "little kings," or pālaiyakārars. Beginning with a discussion of different modes of history, I analyze this text as both a statement of a particular history and a cultural representation of a more general modality of history. As a particular history, this text enables me to talk about conceptions of royal appropriateness and sovereignty, of political relations, and of kingly privileges; as a cultural form the text provides clues about the relations of these cultural conceptions to a structural form of narrative emplotment with all its underlying assumptions about time, causation, and process. Finally, I consider how a hermeneutical exercise of this sort is very important for Western analysts who wish to reconstruct the "history" of south Indian politics.
description: Published - HumsWP-0065.pdf
Globuloverruca Young 2004, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Young, Paulo S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Maxillopoda
Sessilia
Verrucidae
Globuloverruca

description: Genus Globuloverruca gen. nov.
Diagnosis: Shell globose, plates perforated by tubules. Opercular plates proportionally small and parallel to base. Rostrum and carina extended and incurved apically partially covering opercular plates, umbones apical. Scutum and fixed­scutum with well developed adductor ridges.
Type Species: Globuloverruca spongophila sp. nov., here designated.
Etymology: From the Latin globulus (globular) plus verruca; gender feminine.
Remarks: Globuloverruca gen. nov. is most similar to Verruca s.s. Both genera have tubules in the shell not found in any other verrucid genera. Otherwise, both genera developed a sophisticated articulation between the wall plates, especially the interdigitating ridges of the rostro­carinal suture. A well­developed adductor ridge on the movable scutum of Globuloverruca spongophila sp. nov. is only known in Verruca spengleri Darwin, 1854 and V. cookei Pilsbry, 1927. Verruca spengleri also has the shell with a more protuberant rostrum and carina when compared with the fixed­scutum and tergum, but their apexes are not freely projected, which suggests an intermediate stage between the flat V. stroemia and the globose G. spongophila sp. nov.
Globuloverruca gen. nov. is distinguished from Verruca by presenting a globose shell and by the rostrum and carina incurved, extending over the opercular plates whereas Verruca has a flattened shell and unmodified rostrum and carina.
description: Published as part of Young, Paulo S., 2004, Globuloverruca spongophila gen. nov., sp. nov. a sponge-associated verrucid (Crustacea: Cirripedia: Thoracica) from Easter Island, with discussion on the morphology of the plate tubules, pp. 1-10 in Zootaxa 420 (1) on page 2, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.420.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5027922
Psammocora undetermined
Creators: name: Koch, Theres
name: Ivkić, Angelina
name: Jones, Lewis A
name: Scharnhorst, Victor S
name: Stix, Constanze M
name: Auer, Antonia
name: Schöchtner, Theda
name: Özer, Gözde
name: Steinwender, Simon
name: Wallace Daurella, Joseph
name: Zuschin, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Scleractinia
Psammocoridae
Psammocora
Psammocora undetermined

description: Psammocora sp. Dana, 1846
Materials
Type status: Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceRemarks: Observed on a sheltered shallow reef slope; occurrenceID: C76AFA44-6297-551A-926A-D2A8DD25EFB4; Taxon: scientificNameID: urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:204148; scientificName: Psammocora sp.; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Cnidaria; class: Anthozoa; taxonRank: Genus; Location: continent: Africa; waterBody: Red Sea; country: Egypt; stateProvince: Muhafazah al Bahr al Ahmar; locality: Sheltered coral reef located on the coastline of Egypt (Mangrove Bay), 29 km south of the coastal city of El Qoseir; minimumDepthInMeters: 3.7; maximumDepthInMeters: 4.75; verbatimLatitude: N25°52.183′; verbatimLongitude: E034°25.140′; decimalLatitude: 25.8697167; decimalLongitude: 34.419; geodeticDatum: WGS 84; Event: samplingEffort: 3 x 20 m Line Intercept Transects; eventDate: 25-10 - 2023; year: 2023; habitat: sheltered shallow reef slope; Record Level: institutionCode: UNIVIE; collectionCode: Coral _ Reef-Mangrove _ Bay-Egypt- 2023; basisOfRecord: HumanObservation
Conservation status
Unknown
description: Published as part of Koch, Theres, Ivkić, Angelina, Jones, Lewis A, Scharnhorst, Victor S, Stix, Constanze M, Auer, Antonia, Schöchtner, Theda, Özer, Gözde, Steinwender, Simon, Wallace Daurella, Joseph & Zuschin, Martin, 2025, Quantifying diversity and growth form distribution of scleractinian corals, in Mangrove Bay, El Qoseir, Egypt, pp. e 134282 in Biodiversity Data Journal 13 on page e134282, DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.13.e134282
Paintings and their implicit presuppositions : a preliminary report
Creators: name: Jones, William Thomas
name: Faust, William L.
name: Jones, M. M.
name: Faust, M. S.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1981

description: In a series of earlier papers (Social Science Working Papers 350, 355. 357) we have studied the ways in which differences in "implicit presupposi tions" (i. e •• differences in world views) cause scientists and historians to reach differing  conclusions from a consideration of the same evidence. In this paper we show that paintings are characterized by implicit presuppositions similar to those that characterize the written materials -- essays, letters, scientific papers -- we have already studied.
description: Submitted - HumsWP-0066.pdf
Ericthonius H. Milne Edwards 1830
Creators: name: Al-Kandari, Manal
name: Polikarpov, Igor
name: Nithyanandan, Manickam
name: Al-Yamani, Faiza
name: Grintsov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Ischyroceridae
Ericthonius

description: Genus Ericthonius H. Milne Edwards, 1830
Syn.: Erichthonius H. Milne Edwards, 1830; Ericthonius (Pyctilus) Dana, 1852a
description: Published as part of Al-Kandari, Manal, Polikarpov, Igor, Nithyanandan, Manickam, Al-Yamani, Faiza & Grintsov, Vladimir, 2023, An annotated checklist of the Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Kuwait, north-western Arabian Gulf, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 5351 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5351.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8391121
Adelomyrmex micans Fernandez
Creators: name: Longino, John T.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Adelomyrmex
Adelomyrmex micans

description: Adelomyrmex micans Fernández in Fernández & MacKay, 2003
(Figs 4, 21)
Adelomyrmex micans Fernández in Fernández & MacKay, 2003: 601. Holotype worker: Mexico, Chiapas: 5 km W San Cristobal, Cerro Huitepec, 2700 m, 14 Sep 1992 (R. S. Anderson No. 92-101) [MCZC] (not examined). Paratype queen: Mexico, Chiapas, 4 km N Unión Juarez, Volcán Tacana, lower slopes, 2000 m, 19 Sep 1992 (R. S. Anderson No. 92-110). See also: Fernández, 2003: 23.
Geographic range. Southern Mexico to Honduras.
Biology. Adelomyrmex micans is a high elevation specialist inhabiting mature cloud forest from 1700–2700 m, usually above 2000 m. Most specimens are from sifted litter, and when present it occurs in 1–5% of quantitative miniWinkler samples. Workers are occasionally encountered at baits. At a site in the Cordillera de Chiapas, LLAMA project participant D. J. Cox hand-collected a specimen 25 m high in a cloud forest tree, by searching under epiphytes.
description: Published as part of Longino, John T., 2012, A review of the ant genus Adelomyrmex Emery 1897 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Central America, pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 3456 on pages 23-24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282199
The professions of science in America: their ambivalent history
Creators: name: Kevles, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1981

description: Science started to become professionalized in the United
States during the Jackson~an period. A principal aim of
professionalization was to secure the goals and standards of research from interference by laymen by the institutionalization of scientific autonomy. Then and since, the scientific professions have sought to
legitimate themselves by promising various quid pro quos to the society in exchange for the privilege of autonomy. The promises have included the claim that the study of science would foster morally disinterested habits of thinking and that the results of research would lead to practical., material benefit. Since the turn of the century, the claims of legitimation have in many respects been substantially validated, and the scientific professions have grown and prospered. But the very success of science, particularly after it became a favored ward of the federal government, combined with the arrangements of autonomy to provoke popular resentment and, in the era of Vietnam, rebellion. The turmoil revealed that the American scientific professions, at once respected and suspected, esoteric yet indispensable, were destined to live in tension with the larger society indefinitely.
description: Prepared for Delivery in the
Notre Dame Lecture Series on
The Professions in American History
November 10, 1981
description: Published - HumsWP-0067.pdf
Les proverbes ou la sagesse des nations
Creators: name: Ghattas-Soliman, Sonia
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1981

description: This paper is a study of proverbs of Egypt and North Africa from the anthropological, linguistic and social points of view. From these proverbs one can define and give context to such concepts as "chance," "fate," generosity," and "patience," shedding light on the
values and principles of the societies in question.

"Arab proverbs" was first presented at a conference of the African Literature Association held at Claremont, early in April 1981.
description: (In French, with English Abstract)
description: Published - HumsWP-0068.pdf
Ericthonius undetermined
Creators: name: Al-Kandari, Manal
name: Polikarpov, Igor
name: Nithyanandan, Manickam
name: Al-Yamani, Faiza
name: Grintsov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Ischyroceridae
Ericthonius
Ericthonius undetermined

description: 39. Ericthonius sp. cf. E. forbesii Hughes & Lowry, 2006 ++
Regional record: Kuwait: this study (KISR-FM075C/ Amphipoda /029).
Local distribution and occurrence: Khor Al-Sabiyah (Al-Maghasel, Al-Shumaima), Kuwait Bay (Al-Salam beach), Ras Al-Zour, Al-Nuwaiseeb, Failaka Island, Kubbar Island; frequent (23%).
Habitat: Intertidal and subtidal zones; mud, rocks, shells, rocks with algae, sponges, Sargassum spp., and ropes.
description: Published as part of Al-Kandari, Manal, Polikarpov, Igor, Nithyanandan, Manickam, Al-Yamani, Faiza & Grintsov, Vladimir, 2023, An annotated checklist of the Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Kuwait, north-western Arabian Gulf, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 5351 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5351.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8391121
Adelomyrmex microps Fernandez
Creators: name: Longino, John T.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Adelomyrmex
Adelomyrmex microps

description: Adelomyrmex microps Fernández in Fernández & MacKay, 2003
Figure 5, 21
Adelomyrmex microps Eernández ȋn Eernández & ΜacΚay̓ 2ΟΟ3∶ 6Ο2̓ fȋg· 8C· Hο1οtype wοrker∶ Cοsta Rȋca̓ Heredȋa∶ Estacȋόn Βȋο1όgȋca La Se1va̓ ₁Ο°26'N 8₄°Ο₁'W̓ 5Ο﹣₁5Ο m̓ ₁ Οct ₁993 (Prοϳect ALAS Β∕Ο₄∕2₄6) [specȋmen cοde INBIOCRI001266263] [INBio] (examined). See also: Fernández, 2003: 23.
Geographic range. Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica.
Biology. Adelomyrmex microps occurs in lowland rainforest and is extremely rare. It is currently known from 13 specimens. Ten of those are from La Selva Biological Station, from eight different Berlese and MiniWinkler samples (far less than 1% of samples). The LLAMA project collected a specimen in a MiniWinkler sample from a 280 m elevation site near La Ceiba, Honduras, and two in MiniWinkler samples from 310 m elevation on Cerro Saslaya, Nicaragua.
Comments. Adelomyrmex microps is a lowland version of A. laevigatus, differing in lighter color, less robust sculpture, and denser, longer pilosity. Additional material shows that the key characters used in Fernández and Mackay (2003) will not separate the species: both usually have smooth shiny areas on the side of the pronotum and stout hypostomal teeth. Ommatidial count is variable. One specimen from Costa Rica (La Selva Biological Station), currently considered a nanitic or aberration, has short, sparse, completely appressed pilosity on the face and gaster, and the overall sculpture is feeble. The specimen from Honduras has several longitudinal rugae on the side of the pronotum instead of a smooth patch.
description: Published as part of Longino, John T., 2012, A review of the ant genus Adelomyrmex Emery 1897 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Central America, pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 3456 on page 24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282199
Acanthophacelus Eigenmann 1907
Creators: name: Schories, Susanne
name: Meyer, Manfred K.
name: Schartl, Manfred
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Cyprinodontiformes
Poeciliidae
Acanthophacelus

description: Subgenus Acanthophacelus Eigenmann, 1907
The subgenus Acanthophacelus is characterized by the following derived characters (S1) very long and massive recurved hook present on tip of gonopodium ray 5, hook size longer than depth of the 4p-serrae; (S2) numerous (> 10) long and pointed comb-like spines of gonopodium ray 3; (S3) high degree of black, white, green, blue, yellow and red color polymorphism on body sides and dorsal and tail fins of adult males, females generally lacking prominent markings on body sides except for rare individuals with single irregular black stripes or spots at the caudal fin base or body side.
description: Published as part of Schories, Susanne, Meyer, Manfred K. & Schartl, Manfred, 2009, Description of Poecilia (Acanthophacelus) obscura n. sp., (Teleostei: Poeciliidae), a new guppy species from western Trinidad, with remarks on P. w i n g e i and the status of the " Endler's guppy ", pp. 35-50 in Zootaxa 2266 on page 38, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190845
Mallomys gunung Flannery, Aplin & Groves 1989
Creators: name: Don E. Wilson
name: Russell A. Mittermeier
name: Thomas E. Lacher, Jr
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Mallomys
Mallomys gunung

description: 252.
Alpine Woolly Rat
Mallomys gunung
French: Mallomys alpin / German: Berg-Riesenbaumratte / Spanish: Rata lanuda alpina
Other common names: Alpine Mallomys
Taxonomy. Mallomys gunung Flannery, Aplin & Groves, 1989,
2 km east of Mount Wilhelmina, 3800 m, Province of Papua, West Papua (= Irian Jaya), New Guinea.
Mallomys forms a clade with Abeomelomys and Mammelomys. Monotypic.
Distribution. Known from two localities in the Central Range of W New Guinea, between Mt Jaya and Mt Trikora. An extensive fossil record from the Holocene.
Descriptive notes. Head-body 415-470 mm, tail 355-368 mm, ear 35-36-5 mm, hindfoot 68-9-75 mm; weight 2 kg. The Alpine Woolly Rat is an extremely large species of giant rat in genus Mallomys. Pelage is long, dense, and somewhat woolly, with long dark guard hairs with white tips throughout (except on shoulders and head, which are just black); dorsal pelage is gray, and ventral pelage is yellowish white. Feet are blackish with long black and white hairs and long slender claws, unlike the other species in genus. Ears are somewhatless blackish and more pointed than those of congeners; vibrissae are long and black. Tail is short (c.78-86% of head-body length), and black basally and white ventrally. Penis is very unusual, having tip crowned byfive papillae, the two ventral papillae greenish in color. Incisor enamel is white, rather than orange as inall other Mallomys. There are three pairs of mammae, one pectoral and two inguinal pairs.
Habitat. Alpine grasslands and barren areas above tree line, at elevations of 3500-4050 m.
Food and Feeding. No information.
Breeding. Little is known. The Alpine Woolly Rat probably reproduces slowly.
Activity patterns. Alpine Woolly Rats are terrestrial, nesting in dens among rocks; and probably nocturnal.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.
Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. The Alpine Woolly Rat has a relatively small distribution and is located in Lorentz National Park. Major threats include increased chance of fires from global climate change, hunting, and predation by wild dogs.
Bibliography. Flannery (1995b), Flannery et al. (1989), Leary & Wright (2016¢c), Musser & Carleton (2005), Steppan & Schenk (2017).
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Muridae, pp. 536-884 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 692, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6887260
Adelomyrmex minimus Fernandez
Creators: name: Longino, John T.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Adelomyrmex
Adelomyrmex minimus

description: Adelomyrmex minimus Fernández in Fernández & MacKay, 2003
Figure 21
Adelomyrmex minimus Fernández in Fernández & MacKay, 2003: 602. Hο1οtype wοrker∶ Cοsta Rȋca̓ Puntarenas∶ Rȋncόn̓ ȋn the stomach of Dendrobates granuliferus (CRE 705) [LACM] (not examined). See also: Fernández, 2003: 24.
Geographic range. Costa Rica.
Comments. This species is still known only from the holotype. It is apparently a Pacific slope version of the Atlantic slope A. foveolatus, differing only in the smaller eyes and perhaps smaller size. But these are both traits that vary, and sample sizes are insufficient to assess morphological distinctness.
description: Published as part of Longino, John T., 2012, A review of the ant genus Adelomyrmex Emery 1897 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Central America, pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 3456 on page 24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282199
Magelona pacifica
Creators: name: Mortimer, Kate
name: Cassà, Susanna
name: Martin, Daniel
name: Gil, João
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Spionida
Magelonidae
Magelona
Magelona pacifica

description: Re-description of Magelona pacifica
Due to the morphological similarity between M. montera sp. nov., and the original description of Magelona pacifica it was deemed necessary to borrow the type material of the latter species for further examination. On comparison of the type material and the original description it was concluded that a re-description would be prudent and is included below, despite it being originally described from Panamá, and not believed to be present in the seas surrounding the Arabian Peninsula.
description: Published as part of Mortimer, Kate, Cassà, Susanna, Martin, Daniel & Gil, João, 2012, New records and new species of Magelonidae (Polychaeta) from the Arabian Peninsula, with a re-description of Magelona pacifica and a discussion on the magelonid buccal region, pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 3331 on page 32, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.208658
Mallomys istapantap Flannery, Aplin & Groves 1989
Creators: name: Don E. Wilson
name: Russell A. Mittermeier
name: Thomas E. Lacher, Jr
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Mallomys
Mallomys istapantap

description: 253.
Subalpine Woolly Rat
Mallomys istapantap
French: Mallomys subalpin / German: Hochland-Riesenbaumratte / Spanish: Rata lanuda subalpina
Other common names: Subalpine Mallomys
Taxonomy. Mallomys istapantap Flannery, Aplin & Groves, 1989,
Korelum, Mount Hagen District, Papua New Guinea
Mallomys forms a clade with Abeomelomys and Mammelomys. Monotypic.
Distribution. Central Range of New Guinea.
Descriptive notes. Head-body 399-432 mm, tail 279-366 mm, ear 30-31 mm, hindfoot 62-5-80 mm; weight 1-9 kg. The Subalpine Woolly Rat is an extremely large species of giant rat. Pelage is long, dense, and somewhat woolly, with long dark guard hairs throughout. Dorsal pelage is a brownish, grayish black owing to the mix of brown, gray, white, and black components in the hair, and having a barely discernible dorsal stripe; underfur is dense. Ventral pelage is pure white. Feet are dark. Ears are pale and rounded; vibrissae long. Tail is comparatively short (¢.82% of head-body length), black for basalhalf to one-quarter and white for distal half to three-quarters. There are three pairs of mammae, one pectoral and two inguinal. Incisors have orange enamel, rather than white as in the Alpine Woolly Rat (M. gunung).
Habitat. Upper montane forest, subalpine herb field, and grassland at elevations of 2450-3850 m.The Subalpine Woolly Rat is sympatric with Rothschild’s Woolly Rat (M. rothschildi) and De Vis’s Woolly Rat (M. aroaensis).
Food and Feeding. The Subalpine Woolly Rat probably feeds on siliceous ferns and grasses.
Breeding. A single fully furred young was captured in December.
Activity patterns. Subalpine Woolly Rats are probably nocturnal and terrestrial. Nests have been reported inside burrows in moss mounds.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.
Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Subalpine Woolly Rat has a relatively wide distribution and is probably found at low densities throughoutits range. It probably occurs in Lorentz National Park. Further research is needed in order fully to understand the natural history and evolution of this species, and any threats facing it.
Bibliography. Flannery (1995b), Flannery et al. (1989), Helgen (2007b), Helgen & Opiang (2011), Musser & Carleton (2005), Steppan & Schenk (2017).
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Muridae, pp. 536-884 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 692, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6887260
Ischyrocerus Kroyer 1838
Creators: name: Al-Kandari, Manal
name: Polikarpov, Igor
name: Nithyanandan, Manickam
name: Al-Yamani, Faiza
name: Grintsov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Ischyroceridae
Ischyrocerus

description: Genus Ischyrocerus Krøyer, 1838
Syn.: Wyvillea Haswell, 1879
description: Published as part of Al-Kandari, Manal, Polikarpov, Igor, Nithyanandan, Manickam, Al-Yamani, Faiza & Grintsov, Vladimir, 2023, An annotated checklist of the Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Kuwait, north-western Arabian Gulf, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 5351 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5351.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8391121
Structure-based virtual screening of FDA-approved drugs to discover potential inhibitors of phosphoinositide kinase, PIKfyve
Creators: name: Wadje, Bhagyashri N.
name: Somarowthu, Tejaswi
name: Thakur, Shikha
name: Jadhav, Hemant R.
name: Bharate, Sandip B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: The phosphoinositide kinase, PIKfyve is a lipid kinase that plays a vital role in membrane trafficking, endosomal transport, retroviral budding, and toll-like receptor signaling. Thus, it has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for several diseases, including, cancer, viral infections, and autoimmune diseases. However, a limited number of PIKfyve inhibitors have been reported so far. Herein, we report a structure-based virtual screening-driven identification of new PIKfyve inhibitors from a library of FDA-approved small molecule drugs. Labetalol, capsaicin and ibrutinib occupy the ATP pocket of PIKfyve with dock scores of −10.3, −10.6 and −12.24 kcal/mol, and MMGBSA binding energy of −57.3, −53.7 and −66.4 kcal/mol, respectively. These drugs inhibit PIKfyve with IC50 values of 0.292, 0.965 and 0.678 µM, respectively, in an in vitro ADP-Glo kinase assay. Among the top hits from SBVS, labetalol as well as capsaicin display a stable interaction with the critical amino acid, LEU 119 of the hinge region during the 100 ns MD simulation. The results obtained herein warrant the exploration of these new inhibitors in preclinical disease models.
Adelomyrmex myops W.M. Wheeler 1910
Creators: name: Longino, John T.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Adelomyrmex
Adelomyrmex myops

description: Adelomyrmex myops W.M. Wheeler, 1910
Figure 6, 7, 22
Apsychomyrmex myops Wheeler, W.M. 1910: 261, fig. 2. Holotype worker: Guatemala, Livingston, “10.87” (Schwarz and Barber) [USNM type No. 13198] (examined). Description of larva: Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1955: 29. Description of queen: Fernández, 2003: 25. Combination in Adelomyrmex: Kempf, 1972: 18.
Geographic range. Guatemala to Panama, Ecuador (Galapagos).
Biology. Most records reveal A. myops to be a lowland species but with less habitat specificity than other Adelomyrmex. It occurs in mature forest of varying seasonality, from aseasonal wet forest to strongly seasonal dry forest. It also has been collected in disturbed habitats, including a cacao plantation in Honduras. There is a record from the Galapagos Islands, where it is probably introduced (Herrera & Longino 2008). It can be locally abundant, occurring in up to 20% of quantitative miniWinkler samples. The great majority of records are from 600 m elevation or lower, but an anomalous site is Cerro Musún in Nicaragua. Adelomyrmex myops occurred in Winkler samples from 1000–1100 m, but not in quantitative Winkler sampling around 700 m.
Comments. Fernández (2008) had a broad concept of A. myops and recognized the likelihood that it would resolve into multiple species. Additional material has proven him correct, and some of the variants discussed by him are here recognized as separate newly-described species.
In some cases, the dorsal promesonotal rugae of workers are somewhat longitudinally oriented, blurring the distinction between A. myops, A. tristani, and A. paratristani. The dorsal rugae are never strongly linear, like most collections of A. tristani and A. paratristani. Nearly all A. tristani have strongly linear dorsal rugae, but there is more variation in A. paratristani, where some workers have strongly vermiculate rugae, approaching the condition of some A. myops workers. In other words, A. myops occupies the range of variation from completely reticulate rugose to strongly vermiculate rugose with some longitudinal orientation, while A. paratristani ranges from the latter condition to having completely linear, parallel, longitudinal rugae. Adelomyrmex myops has dorsal pilosity more like A. tristani than A. paratristani. This is most evident on the gaster, where A. paratristani usually has sparse, long, erect setae, with very reduced presence of more decumbent setae beneath them, while A. myops has a denser brush of erect and subdecumbent setae.
Queens of A. myops have an abrupt transition from longitudinal rugae on the mesonotum to coarse, reticulate rugosity on the scutellum. In A. tristani and A. paratristani, the scutellum has longitudinal, subparallel rugae.
description: Published as part of Longino, John T., 2012, A review of the ant genus Adelomyrmex Emery 1897 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Central America, pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 3456 on pages 24-25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282199
Royal marriage, royal property, and the patrimony of the crown: inalienability and the prerogative in fourteenth-century France
Creators: name: Brown, Elizabeth A. R.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1982

description: This paper deals with the problems faced by rulers who wanted to
provide for their families, supporters, and friends at a time when
principles regulating such gifts were still unfixed; when no clear distinctions
had been established between the private and public persons and
fortunes of the ruler; when the amount of control the individual ruler
could exercise over the property he acquired at his accession had not
been determined; when the belief in the ruler's obligation not to
alienate the patrjmony of the kingdom was gaining in popularity but had
yet to be defined as principle; when royal donations and grants were suffering
revocation and cancellation at the hands of later rulers.
Focusing on early fourteenth-century France, this paper discusses
the experiences of Philip V (1316-1322) and particularly the strategies he
devised in attempting to insure that grants of property he made to his wife
would endure after his death. These strategies were diverse, and included
gaining the approval of relatives for the acts and, most remarkably, using
elaborate and unusual formulae of validation to warrant the acts. Philip
used them for a number of reasons: he and his predecessor Louis X had demonstrated
the fragility of the royal will by modifying and revoking a number
i
ii
of royal acts; to increase the kingdom's wealth and elevate his own reputation,
Philip had enunciated and enforced principles restricting the king's
right and undermining his ability to alienate property; and finally, after
early 1317, lacking a male heir, he found himself obliged to provide for a
wife and daughters who, after his death, would lack dedicated and enthusiastic
support at court.
In discussing the fate of Philip V's donations, the article demonstrates
the ultimate futility of the king's strategies in the face of his successor's
sovereign control of the kingdom's resources, including his ability to use
against Philip's heirs the same principles of inalienability Philip had used
against others. It argues that as long as the ruler lacked a fixed body of
resources to provide for his private needs, as long as these needs lacked
clear definition, and as long as he possessed the power to dispense with law
and custom, strict principles of inalienability could not be expected to be
enacted or enforced in France, however great the kingdom's desire for such
principles.
description: This paper was first presented at the Caltech-Weingart Conference on Family and Property in Traditional Europe (30 March-3 April 1981); I am deeply grateful for having had an opportunity to participate in the conference and to profit from the comments of the other participants. I appreciate especially the detailed criticisms of the paper given me by John F. Benton, Michel Bur, and Donald W. Sutherland.
description: Published - HumsWP-0070.pdf
Mammelomys lanosus
Creators: name: Don E. Wilson
name: Russell A. Mittermeier
name: Thomas E. Lacher, Jr
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Mammelomys
Mammelomys lanosus

description: 255.
Highland Mosaic-tailed Rat
Mammelomys lanosus
French: Petit Mammelomys / German: Hochland-Mosaikschwanzratte / Spanish: Rata de cola moteada de altiplano
Other common names: Highland Mammelomys, Large-scaled Melomys, Large-scaled Mosaic-tailed Rat
Taxonomy. Melomys lanosus Thomas, 1922,
Doormanpad-bivak (3°30°S, 138°30°E), 2400 m, Province of Papua, West Papua (= Irian Jaya), New Guinea.
Mammelomys is included in a clade with Mallomys and Abeomelomys, although it was originally placed within Melomys. Mono-typic.
Distribution. N, C & E New Guinea.
Descriptive notes. Head-body 132-4-171 mm, tail 105-146 mm, ear 18-H—
20-2 mm, hindfoot 33-4-38 mm; weight 100123 g. The Highland Mosaic-tailed Rat is a smaller-bodied species of mosaic-tailed rat in genus Mammelomys. Pelage is slightly glossy, soft and woolly, with dark-tipped guard hairs. Dorsal pelage ranges from sepia to yellow brown, with yellow underfur with black tips; cheeks are buffy, and there 1s a dark ring around eyes that extends up to ears and to top of rostrum. Ventral pelage is grayish white with gray-based hairs. Feet are pale and narrow. Ears are relatively rounded and grayish near edges; vibrissae are dark. Tail is short (c.76-86% of headbody length) and bicolored, being dark blackish above and white ventrally. Skull has a flat profile and narrow nasal. There is one pair of mammae inguinally. The flea Wilsonipsylla spinicoxa has been recorded from this species.
Habitat. Mid-montane primary and disturbed moss forest at elevations of 1000-3200 m.
Food and Feeding. No information.
Breeding. Ajuvenile has been collected in July in Telefomin, and onepregnant female and one lactating female were caught in April. Litter size probably small.
Activity patterns. No information.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.
Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Highland Mosaic-tailed Rat has a relatively wide distribution and there seem to be no major threats to this relatively common species, but further research is needed in order fully to understand its natural history and evolution, and any potential threats facing it.
Bibliography. Aplin (2016p), Flannery (1995b), Hastriter (2012), Menzies (1996), Musser & Carleton (2005), Steppan & Schenk (2017), Thomas (1922a).
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Muridae, pp. 536-884 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 693, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6887260
Ischyrocerus undetermined
Creators: name: Al-Kandari, Manal
name: Polikarpov, Igor
name: Nithyanandan, Manickam
name: Al-Yamani, Faiza
name: Grintsov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Ischyroceridae
Ischyrocerus
Ischyrocerus undetermined

description: 40. Ischyrocerus sp. cf. I. parma Myers, 1995 ++
Regional record: Kuwait: this study (KISR-FM075C/ Amphipoda /038).
Local distribution and occurrence: Kuwait Bay (Ras Ajuza), Al-Messilah beach, Al-Khiran, Failaka Island, Auha Island; occasional (8%).
Habitat: Intertidal zone; sand, sponges, tubes of blue coral-worm Spirobranchus sinuspersicus, Sargassum spp. and other algae.
description: Published as part of Al-Kandari, Manal, Polikarpov, Igor, Nithyanandan, Manickam, Al-Yamani, Faiza & Grintsov, Vladimir, 2023, An annotated checklist of the Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Kuwait, north-western Arabian Gulf, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 5351 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5351.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8391121
'New political history:' some statistical questions answered
Creators: name: Kousser, J. Morgan
name: Lichtman, Allan J.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1982

description: In the Spring, 1981, number of Social Science History, William
G. Shade defended the "ethnocultural" historians' conclusions and
offered some general methodological advice to political historians.
Examining his five-part argument point by point, we find his analysis
of the issues muddled, his "tests" of the robustness of the
ethnoculturalists' results misconceived and inconclusive, and his
specific prescriptions for future historians misleading. After
attempting to clarify the arguments and propose some useful
guidelines, we conclude that Shade's article underlines (once again)
the necessity for more intensive statistical training for social
scientific historians.
description: Published - HumsWP-0072.pdf