cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and causes of urban homelessness among Indigenous peoples: A three-country scoping review
Creators: Anderson, Jalene T
Collins, Damian
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2014

A scoping review was carried out to investigate the prevalence and causes of urban homelessness among Indigenous peoples in Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Relevant information was sought from both academic and grey literatures. Data on prevalence were sourced from homeless count reports. Analysis reveals Indigenous peoples are consistently over-represented within urban homeless populations, often by a factor of 5 or more. Literature addressing causation is limited, with just 35 relevant studies identified. These were reviewed to build a thematic and contextual account of urban Indigenous homelessness. Eight key themes were evident, which encompass different cultural

 understandings of housing and mobility, as well as complex and often traumatic relationships between settler states and Indigenous peoples. Individually and collectively, these factors greatly complicate Indigenous peoples’ access to safe, affordable and adequate urban housing. Broad similarities between the three case study countries suggest opportunities for further comparative research as well as policy transfer.
title: Анализ выживаемости студентов в вузе
Creators: name: Мацева, Ксения
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2021

description: В статье проводится анализ отчисляемости студентов 2013–2018 годов поступления на специальность «Прикладная математика и информатика». Для исследования использовался метод, называемый «анализ выживаемости», часто применяемый в решении медицинских задач. Также проводится сравнение отчисляемости студентов юношей и девушек на данной специальности. Результаты работы позволяют сделать вывод о динамике
отчисляемости студентов на протяжении обучения, а также о разнице в выживаемости в вузе юношей и девушек.
Tracing feedback in massive star-forming regions with KMOS
Creators: name: McLeod, Anna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Massive stars strongly influence their immediate surroundings during their lifetimes (via e.g. protostellar jets, strong stellar winds, ionising radiation, supernovae). On larger scales, feedback from massive stars regulates the formation and evolution of entire stellar clusters and dominates the mass and energy cycle in star-forming galaxies like the Milky Way. Qualitatively, the effect of massive stars on their environment is well understood, but a solid quantitative, observational analysis is still missing. The results of recent KMOS observations of a variety of feedback-driven structures and environments within massive star-forming regions will be shown.  With these KMOS mosiacs as a template, I will discuss the advantages (and caveats) of integral field spectroscopy in tracing and quantifying feedback from massive stars.
Filling box flows in porous media
Creators: Sahu, C.K. and M.R. Flynn
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2018

We report upon a theoretical and experimental investigation of a porous medium ‘filling box’ flow by specifically examining the details of the laminar descending plume and its outflow in a control volume having an impermeable bottom boundary and sidewalls. The plume outflow initially comprises a pair of oppositely directed gravity currents. The gravity currents propagate horizontally until they reach the lateral sidewalls at y=±L . The flow then becomes of filling box type, with a vertically ascending ‘first front’ separating discharged plume fluid below from ambient fluid above. The flow details are described analytically by first deriving a new similarity solution for Darcy plumes with Pe>O(1) , where Pe is the Péclet number. From the similarity solution so obtained, we then derive expressions for the plume volume flux and mean reduced gravity as functions of the vertical distance from the source. Regarding the plume outflow, a similarity solution adopted from Huppert & Woods (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 292, 1995, pp. 55–69) describes the height and front speed of the gravity currents, whereas a semi-implicit finite difference scheme is used to predict the first front elevation versus time and horizontal distance. As with high-Reynolds-number filling box flows, that studied here is an example of a coupled problem: the gravity current source conditions are prescribed by the plume volume flux and mean reduced gravity. Conversely, discharged plume fluid may be re-entrained into the plume, be it soon or long after reaching the bottom impermeable boundary. To corroborate our model predictions, analogue laboratory experiments are performed with fresh water and salt water as the working fluids. Our experiments consider as independent variables the porous medium bead diameter and the plume source volume flux and reduced gravity. Predictions for the gravity current front position and height compare favourably against analogue measured data. Good agreement is likewise noted when considering either the mean elevation or the profile of the first front. Results from this study may be adopted in modelling geological plumes. For example, our equations can be used to predict the time required for discharged plume fluid to return to the point of injection in the case of aquifers closed on the sides and below by impermeable boundaries.
Motivic slices and colored operads
Creators: name: Gutiérrez, Javier J.
name: Röndigs, Oliver
name: Spitzweck, Markus
name: Østvær, Paul Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F42, 18D50, 55P43

description: Colored operads were introduced in the 1970's for the purpose of studying homotopy invariant algebraic structures on topological spaces. In this paper we introduce colored operads in motivic stable homotopy theory. Our main motivation is to uncover hitherto unknown highly structured properties of the slice filtration. The latter decomposes every motivic spectrum into its slices, which are motives, and one may ask to what extend the slice filtration preserves highly structured objects such as algebras and modules. We use colored operads to give a precise solution to this problem. Our approach makes use of axiomatic setups which specialize to classical and motivic stable homotopy theory. Accessible t-structures are central to the development of the general theory. Concise introductions to colored operads and Bousfield (co)localizations are given in separate appendices.
description: to appear in Journal of Topology
COMPARATIVE EVAULATION OF CONDYLAR GUIDANCE OBTAINED BY DIGITAL PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGES WITH THAT OF OBTAINED DURING JAW RELATION AND TRY-IN USING TWO DIFFERENT INTEROCCLUSAL RECORD MATERIAL IN COMPLETELY EDENTULOUS PATIENTS ¬- AN INVIVO STUDY
Creators: name: Khushbu Doshi
name: Sathe, Seema
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Condylar guidance, Jaw relation, Try-in, Interocclusal records, Semi adjustable articulator, OPG

description: Protocol
Simulated high-redshift gas kinematics with HSIM for the HARMONI IFS
Creators: name: Routledge, Laurence
name: Richardson, M.
name: Thatte, N.
name: Tezca, M.
name: Houghton, R.
name: Pereira-Santaella, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: A presentation of the methodology and results of observing a simulated redshift 1.44 galaxy as would be seen using the upcoming HARMONI integral field spectrograph on the ELT. The simulation tool HSIM is used to predict the performance of the instrument, and understand the capabilities of HARMONI to recover the input parameters of the galaxy through analysis of the output cubes from the simulator. A comparison is made between analysis using a pseudo-slit akin to a traditional long slit spectrograph, and a full two-dimensional analysis of the kinematic rotation.
Categorifying the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov Connection
Creators: name: Cirio, Lucio S.
name: Martins, João Faria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16T25 20F36 (Primary) 18D05 17B37 53C29 57Q45 (Secondary)

description: In the context of higher gauge theory, we construct a flat and fake flat 2-connection, in the configuration space of $n$ particles in the complex plane, categorifying the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov connection. To this end, we define the differential crossed module of horizontal 2-chord diagrams, categorifying the Lie algebra of horizontal chord diagrams in a set of $n$ parallel copies of the interval. This therefore yields a categorification of the 4-term relation. We carefully discuss the representation theory of differential crossed modules in chain-complexes of vector spaces, which makes it possible to formulate the notion of an infinitesimal 2-R matrix in a differential crossed module.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures; v3: final version to be published in Differential Geometry and its Applications
Construction of alkyl-substituted pentaphosphido ligands in the coordination sphere of cobalt
Creators: name: Ziegler, Christoph G. P.
name: Maier, Thomas M.
name: Pelties, Stefan
name: Taube, Clemens
name: Hennersdorf, Felix
name: Ehlers, Andreas W.
name: Weigand, Jan J.
name: Wolf, Robert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: Rare mono- and diorganopentaphosphido cobalt complexes are accessible by P–P condensation using the unprecedented, reactive cobalt-gallium tetraphosphido complex [K(dme)2{(MesBIAN)Co(μ-η4:η2-P4)Ga(nacnac)}] (2). Compound 2 was prepared in good yield by reaction of [K(Et2O){(MesBIAN)Co(η4-1,5-cod)}] [1, BIAN = bis(mesitylimino)acenaphthene diimine, cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene] with [Ga(nacnac)(η2-P4)] (nacnac = CH[CMeN(2,6-iPr2C6H3)]2). Reactions with R2PCl (R = iPr, tBu, and Cy) selectively afford [(MesBIAN)Co(cyclo-P5R2)] (3a–c), which feature η4-coordinated 1,1-diorganopentaphosphido ligands. The mechanism of formation of these species has been studied by 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations. In the case of 3a (R = iPr), it was possible to identify the intermediate [(MesBIAN)Co(μ-η4:η2-P5iPr2)Ga(nacnac)] (4) by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. A related, monosubstituted organopentaphosphido cobalt complex [(MesBIAN)Co(μ-η4:η1-P5tBu)GaCl(nacnac)] (5) was isolated by reacting dichloroalkylphosphane tBuPCl2 with 2. Heterobimetallic complexes such as 2 thus may enable the targeted construction of a range of new metal-coordinated polyphosphorus frameworks by P–P condensation.
Low-Valence Anionic α-Diimine Iron Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Hydroboration Studies
Creators: name: Maier, Thomas M.
name: Gawron, Martin
name: Coburger, Peter
name: Bodensteiner, Michael
name: Wolf, Robert
name: van Leest, Nicolaas P.
name: de Bruin, Bas
name: Demeshko, Serhiy
name: Meyer, Franc
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: The synthesis of rare anionic heteroleptic and homoleptic α-diimine iron complexes is described. Heteroleptic BIAN (bis(aryl)iminoacenaphthene) complexes 1-[K([18]c-6)(thf)0.5] and 2-[K([18]c-6)(thf)2] were synthesized by reduction of the [(BIAN)FeBr2] precursor complex using stoichiometric amounts of potassium graphite in the presence of the corresponding olefin. The electronic structure of these paramagnetic species was investigated by numerous spectroscopic analyses (NMR, EPR, 57Fe Mössbauer, UV–vis), magnetic measurements (Evans NMR method, SQUID), and theoretical techniques (DFT, CASSCF). Whereas anion 1 is a low-spin complex, anion 2 consists of an intermediate-spin Fe(III) center. Both complexes are efficient precatalysts for the hydroboration of carbonyl compounds under mild reaction conditions. The reaction of bis(anthracene) ferrate(1−) gave the homoleptic BIAN complex 3-[K([18]c-6)(thf)], which is less catalytically active. The electronic structure was elucidated with the same techniques as described for complexes 1-[K([18]c-6)(thf)0.5] and 2-[K([18]c-6)(thf)2] and revealed an Fe(II) species in a quartet ground state.
A mixed effects model for longitudinal relational and network data, with applications to international trade and conflict
Creators: name: Westveld, Anton H.
name: Hoff, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The focus of this paper is an approach to the modeling of longitudinal social network or relational data. Such data arise from measurements on pairs of objects or actors made at regular temporal intervals, resulting in a social network for each point in time. In this article we represent the network and temporal dependencies with a random effects model, resulting in a stochastic process defined by a set of stationary covariance matrices. Our approach builds upon the social relations models of Warner, Kenny and Stoto [Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 37 (1979) 1742--1757] and Gill and Swartz [Canad. J. Statist. 29 (2001) 321--331] and allows for an intra- and inter-temporal representation of network structures. We apply the methodology to two longitudinal data sets: international trade (continuous response) and militarized interstate disputes (binary response).
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AOAS403 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Kinematics and scaling relations of star-forming galaxies at z=0.6-2.6 with KMOS
Creators: name: Übler, Hannah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The multiplexing capabilities of instruments such as KMOS have facilitated a huge leap forward in investigating galaxy scaling relations at high redshift. This enabled for instance the KMOS-3D survey that targeted the ionized gas emission of more than 700 galaxies at z=0.6-2.6 with typical integration times of 6-11 hr. Based on this high-quality data set ensuring consistent observation and analysis techniques, we present the evolution of the stellar and baryonic mass Tully-Fisher relations of 135 massive, star-forming galaxies over 3.5 billion years from z~2.3 to z~0.9. With gas-to-stellar mass ratios decreasing towards lower redshift, we find that the contribution of dark matter to the dynamical mass on galactic scales increases. Our result provides one of the corner stones of the recently emerging evidence for strongly baryon-dominated main-sequence galaxies at z≥2.
2D symmetry protected topological orders and their protected gapless edge excitations
Creators: name: Chen, Xie
name: Liu, Zheng-Xin
name: Wen, Xiao-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological insulators in free fermion systems have been well characterized and classified. However, it is not clear in strongly interacting boson or fermion systems what symmetry protected topological orders exist. In this paper, we present a model in a 2D interacting spin system with nontrivial on-site $Z_2$ symmetry protected topological order. The order is nontrivial because we can prove that the 1D system on the boundary must be gapless if the symmetry is not broken, which generalizes the gaplessness of Wess-Zumino-Witten model for Lie symmetry groups to any discrete symmetry groups. The construction of this model is related to a nontrivial 3-cocycle of the $Z_2$ group and can be generalized to any symmetry group. It potentially leads to a complete classification of symmetry protected topological orders in interacting boson and fermion systems of any dimension. Specifically, this exactly solvable model has a unique gapped ground state on any closed manifold and gapless excitations on the boundary if $Z_2$ symmetry is not broken. We prove the latter by developing the tool of matrix product unitary operator to study the nonlocal symmetry transformation on the boundary and revealing the nontrivial 3-cocycle structure of this transformation. Similar ideas are used to construct a 2D fermionic model with on-site $Z_2$ symmetry protected topological order.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Vision Zero : a statistical and literary assessment of traffic fatalities and injuries in Austin, Texas
Creators: name: Sepulveda, Lucas Leopoldo
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Vision Zero
Traffic safety
Drunk driving
Speeding
Distracted driving
Data
Austin
Transportation

description: How can we make Austin the safest place for travel with the newest technology? Using data from the Austin Police Department and the Texas Department of Transportation, I analyzed annual and hourly trends of traffic fatalities and serious injuries, and assessed the risks and implications for pedestrians in particular. Furthermore, I examined three primary factors of motor accidents: intoxication, speeding, and distracted driving. I discussed their implications, challenges, and available solutions for the City’s initiative, Vision Zero, which aims to eliminate all traffic fatalities by 2025. This research strives to illuminate areas in which the City can make effective and realistic progress toward the Vision Zero goal.
Amplitudes of thermal and kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich signals from small-scale CMB anisotropies
Creators: name: Archidiacono, Maria
name: De Bernardis, Francesco
name: Cooray, Asantha
name: Melchiorri, Alessandro
name: Amblard, Alexandre
name: Pagano, Luca
name: Serra, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the arcminute-scale Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies are due to secondary effects, point sources dominate the total anisotropy power spectrum. At high frequencies the point sources are primarily in the form of dusty, star-forming galaxies. Both Herschel and Planck have recently measured the anisotropy power spectrum of cosmic infrared background (CIB) generated by dusty, star-forming galaxies from degree to sub-arcminute angular scales, including the non-linear clustering of these galaxies at multipoles of 3000 to 6000 relevant to CMB secondary anisotropy studies. We scale the CIB angular power spectra to CMB frequencies and interpret the combined WMAP-7 year and arcminute-scale Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and South Pole Telescope (SPT) CMB power spectra measurements to constrain the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effects. Allowing the CIB clustering amplitude to vary, we constrain the amplitudes of thermal and kinetic SZ power spectra at 150 GHz.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
[3+2]‐Fragmentierung von Pentaphosphidoliganden durch Cyanid. [3+2] Fragmentation of a Pentaphosphido Ligand by Cyanide†
Creators: name: Hoidn, Christian M.
name: Maier, Thomas M.
name: Trabitsch, Karolina
name: Weigand, Jan J.
name: Wolf, Robert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: cobalt, cyanides, phosphorus, pnictides, redox-active ligands
subject: 540 Chemie

description: The activation of white phosphorus (P4) by transition‐metal complexes has been studied for several decades, but the functionalization and release of the resulting (organo)phosphorus ligands has rarely been achieved. Herein we describe the formation of rare diphosphan‐1‐ide anions from a P5 ligand by treatment with cyanide. Cobalt diorganopentaphosphido complexes have been synthesized by a stepwise reaction sequence involving a low‐valent diimine cobalt complex, white phosphorus, and diorganochlorophosphanes. The reactions of the complexes with tetraalkylammonium or potassium cyanide afford a cyclotriphosphido cobaltate anion 5 and 1‐cyanodiphosphan‐1‐ide anions [R2PPCN]− (6‐R). The molecular structure of a related product 7 suggests a novel reaction mechanism, where coordination of the cyanide anion to the cobalt center induces a ligand rearrangement. This is followed by nucleophilic attack of a second cyanide anion at a phosphorus atom and release of the P2 fragment.
Homogeneity Chemical Analysis of Four Bulge Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Munoz, Cesar
name: Geisler, Doug
name: Villanova, Sandro
name: Saviane, Ivo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The Bulge Globular Clusters (GCs) are key tracers of this central ancient component of our Galaxy. It is essential to understand their formation and evolution to study that of the bulge, as well as their relationship with the other Galactic GC systems (halo and disk GCs). Our main goals are to obtain  detailed abundances for a large sample of red giant members of each GCs of our sample: NGC~6440, NGC~6528, NGC~6553 and NGC~6569,  in order to characterize its chemical composition and study the relationship of these GCs with the bulge, and with other bulge, halo and disk GCs. Moreover, we analyze these cluster's behavior associated with the Multiple Populations (MPs) phenomenon.
We obtained the stellar parameters and  chemical abundances of light elements, iron-peak elements, alpha-elements and heavy elements  for all the star in each GC from our sample using high resolution spectroscopy from FLAMES-UVES.
In this talk we will present the most important findings of our research.
A long-wavelength quantum dot-concentric Förster resonance energy transfer configuration: characterization and application in a multiplexed hybridization assay
Creators: name: Li, Jia Jun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Concentric Förster resonance energy transfer (cFRET) based on fluorescent quantum dots as nanoscaffolds is a promising strategy for multiplexed bioanalysis and bioimaging. To expand the scope of prototypical cFRET strategy, which was limited to a particular combination of quantum dot (QD), peptides and fluorescent dyes, work in this thesis adopted a combination of an orange-emitting QD605 and red/deep-red fluorescent dyes Alexa Fluor 633 and Alexa Fluor 680 for the design of a long-wavelength cFRET configuration. This new configuration has shown certain superior properties compared to the prototypical one. Although more susceptible to photobleaching, the long-wavelength cFRET configuration offers much higher signal-to-background ratios in biological samples due to both the excellent brightness of the orange-emitting QD605 and long-wavelength excitation and emission. A rate analysis of both of the competitive and sequential energy transfer pathways revealed the dominant competitive pathway in the long-wavelength cFRET configuration, contrary to a dominant sequential pathway in the prototypical configuration. Moreover, to expand cFRET beyond peptide-linked configurations, an oligonucleotide-linked cFRET configuration was constructed and used to demonstrate the multiplexed detection of unlabeled target oligonucleotides through efficient toehold-mediated strand displacement. Overall, work in this thesis has contributed to evidence of cFRET as a general strategy and expanded it to a wider range of applications.
Photonic Josephson effect, phase transitions, and chaos in optomechanical systems
Creators: name: Larson, Jonas
name: Horsdal, Mats
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A photonic analog of the Josephson effect is analyzed for a system formed by a partly transparent mechanical membrane dividing an optical cavity into two halves. Photons tunneling between the two sub-cavities constitute the coherent Jospehson current. The force acting upon the membrane due to the light pressure induces a nonlinearity which results in a rich dynamical structure. For example, contrary to standard bosonic Josephson systems, we encounter chaos. By means of a mean-field approach we identify the various regimes and corresponding phase diagram. At the short time scale, chaos is demonstrated to prevent regular self-trapping, while for longer times a dissipation induced self-trapping effect is possible.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
The unique debate as to the age distribution of Galactic Bulge Stars
Creators: name: Nataf, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The chemical evolution of the Galactic bulge stellar population need not have followed a solar helium-to-metals enrichment ratio , DeltaY/DeltaZ ~ 1.50. At lower metallicity, there is evidence of a helium spread from the CNO abundances of stars observed by APOGEE, which suggest that these stars are former globular cluster stars. The RR Lyrae stars also show a bimodality in the period-amplitude plane. At higher metallicity, the evidence for enriched helium is that age determinations are not converging -- they are strongly dependent on the method used. AGB stars, planetary nebulae, and spectroscopic abundances suggest an older age, whereas turnoff studies and chemical evolution arguments suggest an old age. Prospects for resolving this discrepancy are discussed.
Semiconductor Bloch-equations formalism: Derivation and application to high-harmonic generation from Dirac fermions
Creators: name: Wilhelm, Jan
name: Groessing, Patrick
name: Seith, Adrian
name: Crewse, Jack
name: Nitsch, Maximilian
name: Weigl, Leonhard
name: Schmid, Christoph P.
name: Evers, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We rederive the semiconductor Bloch equations emphasizing the close link to the Berry connection. Our rigorous derivation reveals the existence of two further contributions to the current, in addition to the frequently considered intraband and polarization-related interband terms. The extra contributions become sizable in situations with strong dephasing or when the dipole-matrix elements are strongly wave-number dependent. We apply the formalism to high-harmonic generation for a Dirac metal. The extra terms add to the frequency-dependent emission intensity (high-harmonic spectrum) significantly at certain frequencies changing the total signal up to a factor of 10.
Gender-Dependent Phenotype in Polycystic Kidney Disease Is Determined by Differential Intracellular Ca2+ Signals
Creators: name: Kunzelmann, Karl
name: Talbi, Khaoula
name: Cabrita, Ines
name: Schreiber, Rainer
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: TMEM16A; ADPKD; polycystic kidneys; androgen; estrogen; CFTR
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is caused by loss of function of PKD1 (polycystin 1) or PKD2 (polycystin 2). The Ca2+-activated Cl− channel TMEM16A has a central role in ADPKD. Expression and function of TMEM16A is upregulated in ADPKD which causes enhanced intracellular Ca2+ signaling, cell proliferation, and ion secretion. We analyzed kidneys from Pkd1 knockout mice and found a more pronounced phenotype in males compared to females, despite similar levels of expression for renal tubular TMEM16A. Cell proliferation, which is known to be enhanced with loss of Pkd1−/−, was larger in male when compared to female Pkd1−/− cells. This was paralleled by higher basal intracellular Ca2+ concentrations in primary renal epithelial cells isolated from Pkd1−/− males. The results suggest enhanced intracellular Ca2+ levels contributing to augmented cell proliferation and cyst development in male kidneys. Enhanced resting Ca2+ also caused larger basal chloride currents in male primary cells, as detected in patch clamp recordings. Incubation of mouse primary cells, mCCDcl1 collecting duct cells or M1 collecting duct cells with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) enhanced basal Ca2+ levels and increased basal and ATP-stimulated TMEM16A chloride currents. Taken together, the more severe cystic phenotype in males is likely to be caused by enhanced cell proliferation, possibly due to enhanced basal and ATP-induced intracellular Ca2+ levels, leading to enhanced TMEM16A currents. Augmented Ca2+ signaling is possibly due to enhanced expression of Ca2+ transporting/regulating proteins.
All Entangled Quantum States Are Nonlocal
Creators: name: Buscemi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Departing from the usual paradigm of local operations and classical communication adopted in entanglement theory, here we study the interconversion of quantum states by means of local operations and shared randomness. A set of necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of such a transformation between two given quantum states is given in terms of the payoff they yield in a suitable class of nonlocal games. It is shown that, as a consequence of our result, such a class of nonlocal games is able to witness quantum entanglement, however weak, and reveal nonlocality in any entangled quantum state. An example illustrating this fact is provided.
description: 4+2 pages. Final version published in PRL. The related APS Physics Viewpoint can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/Physics.5.56
Indigenous interventions at Klahowya Village, χʷayχʷəy Vancouver / unceded Coast Salish Territory
Creators: Couture, Selena
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2014

This chapter results from my trying to understand the source of a discomfort with cultural tourism and the commodification of indigeneity. In it, I argue that the presence of performing artists at this culturally significant site in Vancouver – metres from the former Coast Salish village of χwayχw əy2 – asserts a limited form of ‘visual sovereignty’. Michelle Raheja has described this practice in indigenous filmmaking as one that addresses settler populations by using stereotypical self-representations while it connects to aesthetic practices that strengthen treaty claims and more traditional cultural understanding by revisiting, borrowing, critiquing and stretching ethnographic conventions (2011, pp. 19, 193). Encountering the stereotypes employed in this process could have been one source of the discomfort I felt, as could my venturing into an unsettling space inflected by colonial conventions. Expanding on Raheja’s analysis of visual sovereignty in indigenous filmmaking to consider the performative aspects of a live event, I demonstrate here the significance of the embodied experience of both performers and audience at Klahowya Village layered over the archival architecture of this tourist space.
Constraining the Milky Way Dark Matter Density Profile with Gamma-Rays with Fermi-LAT
Creators: name: Bernal, Nicolas
name: Palomares-Ruiz, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the abilities of the Fermi-LAT instrument on board of the Fermi mission to simultaneously constrain the Milky Way dark matter density profile and some dark matter particle properties, as annihilation cross section, mass and branching ratio into dominant annihilation channels. A single dark matter density profile is commonly assumed to determine the capabilities of gamma-ray experiments to extract dark matter properties or to set limits on them. However, our knowledge of the Milky Way halo is far from perfect, and thus in general, the obtained results are too optimistic. Here, we study the effect these astrophysical uncertainties would have on the determination of dark matter particle properties and conversely, we show how gamma-ray searches could also be used to learn about the structure of the Milky Way halo, as a complementary tool to other type of observational data that study the gravitational effect caused by the presence of dark matter. In addition, we also show how these results would improve if external information on the annihilation cross section and on the local dark matter density were included and compare our results with the predictions from numerical simulations.
description: 29 pages, 7 figures
Interplay between coherent and incoherent decay processes in chaotic systems: The role of quantum interference
Creators: name: Moreno, Camilo
name: Urbina, Juan Diego
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chaos, Quantum Chaos
subject: 530 Physik

description: The population decay due to a small opening in an otherwise closed cavity supporting chaotic classical dynamics displays a quantum correction on top of the classical exponential form, a pure manifestation of quantum coherence that acquires a universal form and can be explained by path interference. Being coherent, such enhancement is prone to decoherence effects due to the coupling of the system to an external environment. We study this interplay between incoherent and coherent quantum corrections to decay by evaluating, within a Caldeira-Leggett scenario, off-diagonal contributions to the decoherence functional coming from pairs of correlated classical paths in the time regime where dissipative effects are neglected and decoherence does not affect the classical dynamics, but quantum interference must be accounted for. We find that the competing effects of interference and decoherence lead to a universal nonmonotonic form for the survival probability depending only on the coupling strength and macroscopic parameters of the cavity.
Peculiarities of Plasmodium falciparum Gene Regulation and Chromatin Structure
Creators: name: Längst, Gernot
name: Watzlowik, Maria Theresia
name: Das, Sujaan
name: Meissner, Markus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: chromatin; epigenetics; Plasmodium falciparum; nucleosome; nucleosome remodeling; transcription regulation; chromatin structure
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: The highly complex life cycle of the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, is based on an orchestrated and tightly regulated gene expression program. In general, eukaryotic transcription regulation is determined by a combination of sequence-specific transcription factors binding to regulatory DNA elements and the packaging of DNA into chromatin as an additional layer. The accessibility of regulatory DNA elements is controlled by the nucleosome occupancy and changes of their positions by an active process called nucleosome remodeling. These epigenetic mechanisms are poorly explored in P. falciparum. The parasite genome is characterized by an extraordinarily high AT-content and the distinct architecture of functional elements, and chromatin-related proteins also exhibit high sequence divergence compared to other eukaryotes. Together with the distinct biochemical properties of nucleosomes, these features suggest substantial differences in chromatin-dependent regulation. Here, we highlight the peculiarities of epigenetic mechanisms in P. falciparum, addressing chromatin structure and dynamics with respect to their impact on transcriptional control. We focus on the specialized chromatin remodeling enzymes and discuss their essential function in P. falciparum gene regulation.
The star formation history and metallicity in the galactic inner bulge revealed by the RGBB
Creators: name: Nogueras Lara, Francisco
name: Schödel, R.
name: Gallego-Calvente, A.T.
name: Dong, H
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Observations of the innermost kiloparsec of the Milky Way's bulge are affected by extreme interstellar extinction and source crowding which have posed serious obstacles to the study of its stellar population up to now. Using the 0.2'' angular resolution JHKs data from the new GALACTICNUCLEUS survey, we overcome these challenges and study the stellar population within two fields, about 0.6º and 0.4º to the Galactic north of the Milky Way's centre. We find that the stellar population is old, similar to the one at larger distances from the Galactic plane, and that its metallicity is twice solar, which is consistent with a flat metallicity gradient within about 500 pc of the Galactic centre.
Optimal Operation of a Building with Electricity-Heat Networks and Seasonal Storage
Creators: name: Prat, Eléa
name: Pinson, Pierre
name: Lusby, Richard M.
name: Plougonven, Riwal
name: Badosa, Jordi
name: Drobinski, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: As seasonal thermal energy storage emerges as an efficient solution to reduce CO2 emissions of buildings, challenges appear related to its optimal operation. In a system including short-term electricity storage, long-term heat storage, and where electricity and heat networks are connected through a heat pump, it becomes crucial to operate the system on two time scales. Based on real data from a university building, we simulate the operation of such a system over a year, comparing different strategies based on model predictive control (MPC). The first objective of this paper is to determine the minimum prediction horizon to retrieve the results of the full-horizon operation problem with cost minimization. The second objective is to evaluate a method that combines MPC with setting targets on the heat storage level at the end of the prediction horizon, based on historical data. For a prediction horizon of 6 days, the suboptimality gap with the full-horizon results is 4.31%, compared to 11.42% when using a prediction horizon of 42 days and fixing the final level to be equal to the initial level, which is a common approach.
Do Implicit Theories About Ability Predict Self-Reports and Behavior-Proximal Measures of Primary School Students’ In-Class Cognitive and Metacognitive Learning Strategy Use?
Creators: name: Matthes, Benjamin
name: Stoeger, Heidrun
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: implicit theories about ability, mindsets, incremental theory, entity theory, growth mindset, fixed mindset, cognitive learning strategies, metacognitive learning strategies

description: Although studies show relations between implicit theories about ability (ITs) and cognitive as well as metacognitive learning strategy use, existing studies suffer from an overreliance on broad-brush self-report measures of strategy use and limited ecological validity. Moreover, studies rarely examine younger students, and research on ITs and how much students benefit from interventions on learning strategies is lacking. Therefore, we investigated in ecologically valid settings (regular classroom instruction) whether primary school students’ ITs are related to their use of cognitive strategies (text reduction strategies based on identifying a text’s main ideas) and metacognitive strategies, assessed with (a) typical self-report scales and (b) more behavior-proximal measures. We also investigated whether students’ ITs predict how much they benefit from a previously evaluated 4-week intervention on cognitive and metacognitive strategies during regular classroom instruction (i.e., how much self-report scales and behavior-proximal measures for strategy use increase over the course of the intervention). Participants were 436 German primary school students (third and fourth graders). The data were analyzed using mixed linear regression analyses. Strength of students’ incremental theory was positively related to metacognitive strategy use, but not cognitive strategy use, when measured with self-report scales. For behavior-proximal measures, strength of incremental theory was positively related to the effectiveness of students’ cognitive strategy use and their extent of strategy monitoring (one of the two metacognitive strategies examined), but not to the quality of their goal setting (the second metacognitive strategy). Unexpectedly, students with a stronger incremental theory did not benefit more from the intervention.
Flux and Photon Spectral Index Distributions of Fermi-LAT Blazars And Contribution To The Extragalactic Gamma-ray Background
Creators: name: Singal, J.
name: Petrosian, V.
name: Ajello, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a determination of the distributions of photon spectral index and gamma-ray flux - the so called LogN-LogS relation - for the 352 blazars detected with a greater than approximately seven sigma detection threshold and located above +/- 20 degrees Galactic latitude by the Large Area Telescope of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope in its first year catalog. Because the flux detection threshold depends on the photon index, the observed raw distributions do not provide the true LogN-LogS counts or the true distribution of the photon index. We use the non-parametric methods developed by Efron and Petrosian to reconstruct the intrinsic distributions from the observed ones which account for the data truncations introduced by observational bias and includes the effects of the possible correlation between the two variables. We demonstrate the robustness of our procedures using a simulated data set of blazars and then apply these to the real data and find that for the population as a whole the intrinsic flux distribution can be represented by a broken power law with high and low indexes of -2.37 +/- 0.13 and -1.70 +/- 0.26, respectively, and the intrinsic photon index distribution can be represented by a Gaussian with mean of 2.41 +/- 0.13 and width of 0.25 +/- 0.03. We also find the intrinsic distributions for the sub-populations of BL Lac and FSRQs type blazars separately. We then calculate the contribution of Fermi blazars to the diffuse extragalactic gamma-ray background radiation. Under the assumption that the flux distribution of blazars continues to arbitrarily low fluxes, we calculate the best fit contribution of all blazars to the total extragalactic gamma-ray output to be 60%, with a large uncertainty.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables, updated to published version with additional figures
Enhanced C2 and C3 Product Selectivity in Electrochemical CO2 Reduction on Carbon-Doped Copper Oxide Catalysts Prepared by Deep Eutectic Solvent Calcination
Creators: name: Iwanow, Melanie
name: Seidler, Johannes
name: Vieira, Luciana
name: Kaiser, Manuela
name: Van Opdenbosch, Daniel
name: Zollfrank, Cordt
name: Gärtner, Tobias
name: Richter, Michael
name: König, Burkhard
name: Sieber, Volker
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: copper oxide catalysts; catalyst preparation; calcination; deep eutectic solvents; electrochemical CO2 reduction
subject: 540 Chemie
subject: 660 Technische Chemie

description: Copper and its oxides are the main catalyst materials able to promote the formation of hydrocarbons from the electrocatalytic CO2 conversion. Herein, we describe a novel preparation method for carbon-doped copper oxide catalysts based on an oxidative thermal treatment of copper-containing deep eutectic solvents (DES). XRD and EDX analysis of the samples show that thermal treatment at 500 °C in air for a prolonged time (60 min) provides exclusively carbon-doped copper(II) oxide catalysts, whereas shorter calcination time leads to a mixture of less oxidized forms of copper (Cu2O and Cu0), CuO, and a higher carbon content from the DES. Chronoamperometry of the electrode containing the prepared materials in 0.5 M KHCO3 electrolyte show the reduction of CuO to less oxidized copper species. The materials prepared by the use of different DES, copper precursors and calcination times were used as electrocatalysts for the electrochemical CO2 reduction. Chemical analysis of the products reveals an enhanced selectivity toward C2 and C3 products for the catalyst prepared from the DES galactose-urea with copper nanoparticles and calcination for 60 min in air. The electrocatalytic activity of the prepared materials were compared to commercial CuO and showed a higher product concentration at −1.7 V vs. Ag/AgCl, with formation rates of 7.4, 6.0, and 10.4 µmol h−1 cm−2 for ethanol, n-propanol, and ethylene, respectively.
Le rôle et l’impact d’un mentor comme modèle d’un leader scolaire
Creators: Pedersen, Caitlin J.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2020

This project will examine the role of a mentor as a leader in the teaching profession. The realities of mentoring will be explored to better understand the unique context of mentors as leaders in schools. The qualities of educational leaders and mentors will be aligned and the most efficient strategies for mentors as leaders will be presented. The impact of mentors as leaders for teachers, schools, and school boards will be brought to light, particularly for the education system in Alberta. The goal of this project is to encourage further implementation of mentoring programs in schools that support both beginning teachers and mentors as leaders for the success of students, teachers, and the school community.
Spectroscopic confirmation of the newly discovered VVV-CL001 cluster with MUSE
Creators: name: Olivares, Julio
name: Rojas-Arriagada, Alvaro
name: Gran, Felipe
name: Contreras, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: We present the first results of an ongoing analysis of MUSE observations of the VVV-CL001 cluster. This is the first cluster discovered by the VVV, and is located at only 8 arcmin away from the known globular cluster UKS-1. The final goal is to obtain the first kinematics and metallicity study of its stellar content. Given its small projected distance from UKS-1, a similar measured radial velocity might argue in favor of the plausible scenario of these two clusters being gravitationally bound; the first known binary clusters in the Milky Way. This work is in process. We present here the analysis of radial velocity data, cluster membership for stars in the observed field, and the cluster's mean and dispersion velocity.
Nomenclature errors in public 16s rDNA gene databases : strategies to improve the accuracy of sequence annotations
Creators: name: Lesack, Kyle
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Obtaining an accurate representation of the microorganisms present in microbial ecosystems presents a considerable challenge. Microbial communities are typically highly complex, and may consist of a variety of differentially abundant bacteria, archaea, and microbial eukaryotes. The targeted sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene has become a standard method for profiling membership and biodiversity of microbial communities, as the bacterial and archaeal community members may be profiled directly, without any intermediate culturing steps. These studies rely upon specialized 16S rDNA gene reference databases, but little systematic and independent evaluation of the annotations assigned to sequences in these databases has been performed. This project examined the quality of the nomenclature annotations provided by the 16S rDNA sequences in three public databases: The Ribosomal Database Project, SILVA, and Greengenes. To do that, first three nomenclature resources – the List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing in Nomenclature, Integrated Taxonomic Information System, and Prokaryotic Nomenclature Up-to-Date – were evaluated to determine their suitability for validating prokaryote nomenclature. A core-set of valid, invalid, and synonymous organism names was then collected from these resources, and used to identify incorrect nomenclature in the public 16S rDNA databases. To assess the potential impact of misannotated reference sequences on microbial gene survey studies, the misannotations identified in the SILVA database were categorized by sample isolation source. Methods for the detection and prevention of nomenclature errors in reference databases were examined, leading to the proposal of several quality assurance strategies for future biocuration efforts. These included phylogenetic methods for the identification of anomalous taxonomic placements, database design principles and technologies for quality control, and opportunities for community assisted curation.