Zygomyia spinosa Kurina & Õunap 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Kurina, Olavi
name: Õunap, Erki
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Mycetophilidae
Zygomyia
Zygomyia spinosa

description: Zygomyia spinosa sp. nov.   
(Figs 2A, 12A–E, 21B)  
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 088A05DA-BF4D-479D-93C7-28EA39298D33  
 Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂, ECUADOR, Napo Province, Yanayacu Biological Station, 0.6164S 77.8831W, alt. 2122 m, 1–3.ix.2019, X. Mengual leg., Malaise trap (mounted from alcohol with terminalia in glycerine, INABIO; specimen code: MECN-EN-DIP-4867; one fore leg used for DNA extraction, GenBank accession number: OP747431). PARATYPES: 3 ♂♂, same as holotype (1 ♂, mounted from alcohol, INABIO; 1 ♂, mounted from alcohol, ZFMK; 1 ♂, mounted from alcohol, IZBE); 1 ♂, ECUADOR, Napo Province, Yanayacu Biological Station, 0.5956S 77.8942W, alt. 2234 m, 29.viii–3.ix.2019, X. Mengual, T. Salden leg., double Malaise trap (mounted from alcohol, IZBE).   
 Diagnosis. In having the posteroventral margin of the gonocoxites with a setose medial protrusion, Z. spinosa resembles Z. paniculata. It differs by the medial protrusion being shallow and covered with short setae (medial protrusion prominent, tightly covered with setae in Z. paniculata), the ventral branch of the gonostylus drawn posteromedially into a digitate lobe bearing a comb of spines medially (ventral branch of the gonostylus simple, crescent-shaped in Z. paniculata), and the dorsal branch of the gonostylus sub-quadrate, with an aggregation of small spines anteroventrally (dorsal branch of the gonostylus ovoid, with a large sabre-shaped megaseta at lateral margin posteriorly in Z. paniculata).   
 Description. Male (n = 3). Body length 3.6–3.7 mm. Wing length 3.0– 3.2 mm; ratio of length to width 2.69– 2.76.   
 Head. Yellow with numerous dark setae. Two ocelli close to eye margins. Clypeus light yellow, somewhat lighter than head. Mouth-parts yellow. Palpus with all segments light brown, ratios of three apical segments 1:1.33:2.33. Scape and pedicel yellow, flagellomeres light brown. Flagellomeres cylindrical, first flagellomere elongated, 2.6 × as long as broad, fourth flagellomere 1.5 × as long as broad, apical flagellomere conical, 2.4 × as long as broad basally. Flagellomeres with yellowish short setae.   
 Thorax. Mesonotum yellow. Pleural parts pale yellow, except anepisternum darker on dorsal part, laterotergite darker at hind margin. All bristles and setae on thorax brown. Scutellum with marginal setae, including four strong bristles. Antepronotum with setae, including 4–5 bristles of different lengths. Proepisternum with setae including 3–4 stronger bristles. Anepisternum with a number of posteriorly-directed short setae and 4–5 bristles of different lengths on dorsal part. Anepimeron with short setae and 3–4 bristles on dorsal part. Laterotergite with 6–8 dorsallydirected weak setae on dorsal half. Metepimeron with setae on posterior part. Halter yellow. All legs entirely yellow. Tarsi appear darker, due to dense brown setation. Whole anterior side of fore coxa, apical fourth of anterior side of mid coxa and all femora clothed in dark setae. Hind coxa with sparse setae on posterior side. Mid and hind femora with apicoventral bristles. Mid tibia with 3 a, 4 d, 1 p and 3 v. Hind tibia with 7 a and 4 d. Length ratio of femur to tibia for fore, mid and hind legs: 0.94–0.97, 0.90–0.96, 0.81–0.88. Length ratio of tibia to basitarsus for fore, mid and hind legs: 1.02–1.09, 1.26–1.28, 1.39–1.47. Wing membrane with clear brownish tinge but without distinct markings. Veins light brown. R 1 and R 4+5 with strong setae on both sides. Crossvein rm and bM-Cu glabrous. M 1 with 7–10, M 2 with 5–7 and CuA with 2–4 apical setae on dorsal surface. rm about as long as m-stem. Costa not extending beyond R 4+5.   
 Abdomen. Brown with first two segments laterally somewhat lighter. Terminalia (Figs 12A–E, 21B) yellow to light brown. Posteroventral margin of gonocoxites with medial setose protrusion. Ventral branch of gonostylus with (1) three setae along medial margin and a group of 3–4 setae more posteriorly, and (2) posteromedially drawn into a digitate lobe bearing comb of spines medially, with the most posterior spine pointed, about two times as long as the others. Dorsal branch of the gonostylus sub-quadrate, with (1) large aggregation of setae and small spines anteroventrally, (2) group of 8–10 setae mediodorsally, (3) 3–4 strong setae laterally, and (4) number of setae along posterior and medial margins. Aedeagus apically bifurcate, bearing two shoe-shaped apicolateral outgrowths. Parameres large with angular apices. Gonocoxal apodemes short, medially widening, posteriorly pointed.   
 Female. Unknown.   
 Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from Latin, spinosus [thorny, spiny], referring to the comb of spines on the ventral branch of the gonostylus apicomedially.
description: Published as part of Kurina, Olavi & Õunap, Erki, 2023, Morphological and molecular data reveal fifteen new sympatric Zygomyia Winnertz, 1864 (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) species from Ecuador, pp. 1-49 in Zootaxa 5227 (1) on page 24, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7518273