cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Obesity, race/ethnicity and the multiple dimensions of socioeconomic status during the transition to adulthood: A factor analysis approach
Creators: name: Adair, Linda S.
name: Gordon-Larsen, Penny
name: Kaufman, Jay S.
name: Scharoun-Lee, Melissa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Racial/ethnic disparities in obesity widen dramatically during young adulthood in the US. Understanding racial/ethnic differences in the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and obesity can provide insight on these disparities. However, the delay and complexity of the transition to adulthood creates challenges for defining SES using traditional, single indicators, such as income or years of education. Our objective was to define a multidimensional measure of young adult SES using exploratory factor analysis and to investigate whether distinct SES dimensions differentially predicted obesity across race/ethnicity in 11,250 young adults (mean age = 21.9 years) from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Wave III: 2000–2001). Four factors (social advantage; schooling; employment; and economic hardship) extracted from a principal factor analysis on 38 SES indicators comprised our multidimensional measure of young adult SES. The respondents’ scores on each factor were entered into gender-stratified Poisson regression models to estimate the relative risk of young adult obesity for a contrast of approximately one standard deviation in score. The association of the “Social advantage” and “Economic hardship” factors with obesity differed by race/ethnicity (p<0.05 for Wald test of interaction) in females; high “Social advantage” scores were inversely associated with obesity in white and Hispanic females (9–20% lower) while high scores on “Economic hardship” were positively associated with obesity (7–76% higher) in white and Asian females. In contrast, no significant racial/ethnic differences were detected in young adult males. The “Schooling” factor was significantly protective (RR=0.91; 95% CI: 0.85, 0.98) for females of all racial/ethnic groups. These results facilitate understanding of the impact of multiple, distinct SES dimensions during the complex transition to adulthood and thus provide salient information for reducing racial/ethnic disparities in obesity during this important period for obesity development.
Spatial and environmental connectivity analysis in a cholera vaccine trial
Creators: name: Root, Elisabeth D.
name: Ali, Mohammad
name: Emch, Michael
name: Yunus, Mohammad
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: This paper develops theory and methods for vaccine trials that utilize spatial and environmental information. Satellite imagery is used to identify whether households are connected to one another via water bodies in a study area in rural Bangladesh. Then relationships between neighborhood-level cholera vaccine coverage and placebo incidence and neighborhood-level spatial variables are measured. The study hypothesis is that unvaccinated people who are environmentally connected to people who have been vaccinated will be at lower risk compared to unvaccinated people who are environmentally connected to people who have not been vaccinated. We use four data sets including: a cholera vaccine trial database, a longitudinal demographic database of the rural population from which the vaccine trial participants were selected, a household-level geographic information system (GIS) database of the same study area, and high resolution Quickbird satellite imagery. An environmental connectivity metric was constructed by integrating the satellite imagery with the vaccine and demographic databases linked with GIS. The results show that there is a relationship between neighborhood rates of cholera vaccination and placebo incidence. Thus, people are indirectly protected when more people in their environmentally-connected neighborhood are vaccinated. This result is similar to our previous work that used a simpler Euclidean distance neighborhood to measure neighborhood vaccine coverage (Ali et al., 2005). Our new method of measuring environmental connectivity is more precise since it takes into account the transmission mode of cholera and therefore this study validates our assertion that the oral cholera vaccine provides indirect protection in addition to direct protection.
Network-Aware AutoML Framework for Software-Defined Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Horsanali, Emre
name: Yigit, Yagmur
name: Secinti, Gokhan
name: Karameseoglu, Aytac
name: Canberk, Berk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As the current detection solutions of distributed denial of service attacks (DDoS) need additional infrastructures to handle high aggregate data rates, they are not suitable for sensor networks or the Internet of Things. Besides, the security architecture of software-defined sensor networks needs to pay attention to the vulnerabilities of both software-defined networks and sensor networks. In this paper, we propose a network-aware automated machine learning (AutoML) framework which detects DDoS attacks in software-defined sensor networks. Our framework selects an ideal machine learning algorithm to detect DDoS attacks in network-constrained environments, using metrics such as variable traffic load, heterogeneous traffic rate, and detection time while preventing over-fitting. Our contributions are two-fold: (i) we first investigate the trade-off between the efficiency of ML algorithms and network/traffic state in the scope of DDoS detection. (ii) we design and implement a software architecture containing open-source network tools, with the deployment of multiple ML algorithms. Lastly, we show that under the denial of service attacks, our framework ensures the traffic packets are still delivered within the network with additional delays.
Understanding WIMP-baryon interactions with direct detection: A Roadmap
Creators: name: Gluscevic, Vera
name: Peter, Annika H. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study prospects of dark-matter direct-detection searches for probing non-relativistic effective theory for WIMP-baryon scattering. We simulate a large set of noisy recoil-energy spectra for different scattering scenarios (beyond the standard momentum-independent contact interaction), for Generation 2 and futuristic experiments. We analyze these simulations and quantify the probability of successfully identifying the operator governing the scattering, if a WIMP signal is observed. We find that the success rate depends on a combination of factors: the WIMP mass, the mediator mass, the type of interaction, and the experimental energy window. For example, for a 20 GeV WIMP, Generation 2 is only likely to identify the right operator if the interaction is Coulomb-like, and is unlikely to do so in any other case. For a WIMP with a mass of 200 GeV or higher, success is almost guaranteed. We also find that, regardless of the scattering model and the WIMP parameters, a single Generation 2 experiment is unlikely to successfully discern the momentum dependence of the underlying operator on its own, but prospects improve drastically when experiments with different target materials and energy windows are analyzed jointly. Furthermore, we examine the quality of parameter estimation and degeneracies in the multi-dimensional parameter space of the effective theory. We find in particular that the resulting WIMP mass estimates can be severely biased if data are analyzed assuming the standard (momentum-independent) operator while the actual operator has momentum-dependence. Finally, we evaluate the ultimate reach of direct detection, finding that the prospects for successful operator selection prior to reaching the irreducible backgrounds are excellent, if the signal is just below the current limits, but slim if Generation 2 does not report WIMP detection.
description: 34 pages, 19 figures; key results are in Figures 4, 5, and 6; prepared for submission to JCAP
Talking the talk, walking the walk: Social network norms, communication patterns, and condom use among the male partners of female sex workers in La Romana, Dominican Republic
Creators: name: Latkin, Carl
name: Ellen, Jonathan
name: Barrington, Clare
name: Moreno, Luis
name: Kerrigan, Deanna
name: Sweat, Michael D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Male partners of female sex workers are rarely targeted by HIV prevention interventions in the commercial sex industry, despite recognition of their central role and power in condom use negotiation. Social networks offer a naturally existing social structure to increase male participation in preventing HIV. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between social network norms and condom use among male partners of female sex workers in La Romana, Dominican Republic. Male partners (n=318) were recruited from 36 sex establishments to participate in a personal network survey. Measures of social network norms included 1) perceived condom use by male social network members and 2) encouragement to use condoms from social network members. Other social network characteristics included composition, density, social support, and communication. The primary behavioral outcome was consistent condom use by male partners with their most recent female sex worker partner during the last 3 months. In general, men reported small, dense networks with high levels of communication about condoms and consistent condom use. Multivariate logistic regression revealed consistent condom use was significantly more likely among male partners who perceived that some or all of their male social network members used condoms consistently. Perceived condom use was, in turn, significantly associated with dense networks, expressing dislike for condoms, and encouragement to use condoms from social network members. Findings suggest that the tight social networks of male partners may help to explain the high level of condom use and could provide an entry point for HIV prevention efforts with men. Such efforts should tap into existing social dynamics and patterns of communication to promote pro-condom norms and reduce HIV-related vulnerability among men and their sexual partners.
Additional file 1 of Marine DNA methylation patterns are associated with microbial community composition and inform virus-host dynamics
Creators: name: Seong, Hoon Je
name: Roux, Simon
name: Hwang, Chung Yeon
name: Sul, Woo Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure S1. SHIPPO samples in the northwest Pacific Ocean. Supplementary Figure S2. Compositional profile of microbial communities spanning eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and viruses. Supplementary Figure S3. The Cand. P. Giovannoni NP1 genome-wide distribution of methylated fractions. Supplementary Figure S4. The Pelagibacter (SHIPPO PRO 33) genome-wide distribution of methylated fractions. Supplementary Figure S5. GANTC motif density in the SHIPPO_PRO_33 genome. Supplementary Figure S6. Phylogenetic tree of eukaryotic plankton MAGs obtained from SHIPPO. Supplementary Figure S7. The GANTC methylation proportion comparison according to the genome fraction in six species belonging to the Alphaproteobacteria. Supplementary Figure S8. Benchmarking of viral taxonomy classification according to the number and fraction of viral genes. Supplementary Table S1. SHIPPO samples in the northwest Pacific Ocean. Supplementary Table S2. Methylated motifs of SHIPPO MAGs. Supplementary Table S3. Unmethylated GANTC sites across samples.
Хвостатые (Caudata) земноводные в красной книге Самарской области (2-е издание)
Creators: name: Файзулин А.И.
name: Кузовенко А.Е.
name: Чихляев И.В.
name: Бакиев А.Г.
name: Трантина Е.В.
name: Михайлов Р.А.
Publisher: name: Самарская Лука: проблемы региональной и глобальной экологии
Year: 2018
Subjects: ХВОСТАТЫЕ ЗЕМНОВОДНЫЕ
ОБЫКНОВЕННЫЙ ТРИТОН
ГРЕБЕНЧАТЫЙ ТРИТОН
КРАСНАЯ КНИГА
САМАРСКАЯ ОБЛАСТЬ

description: В статье представлены материалы для очерков 2-го издания Красной книги Самарской области, по разделу хвостатые земноводные, по двум видам обыкновенный и гребенчатый тритон. Материалы уточняют данные по распространению и экологии данных видов с 2009 г. по настоящее время.
Sharp interface model for solid-state dewetting problems with weakly anisotropic surface energies
Creators: name: Wang, Yan
name: Jiang, Wei
name: Bao, Weizhu
name: Srolovitz, Dave J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a sharp interface model for simulating solid-state dewetting where the surface energy is (weakly) anisotropic. The morphology evolution of thin films is governed by surface diffusion and contact line migration. The mathematical model is based on an energy variational approach. Anisotropic surface energies lead to multiple solutions of the contact angle equation at contact points. Introduction of a finite contact point mobility is both physically based and leads to robust, unambiguous determination of the contact angles. We implement the mathematical model in an explicit finite difference scheme with cubic spline interpolation for evolving marker points. Following validation of the mathematical and numerical approaches, we simulate the evolution of thin film islands, semi-infinite films, and films with holes as a function of film dimensions, Young's angle $θ_i$, anisotropy strength and crystal symmetry, and film crystal orientation relative to the substrate normal. We find that the contact point retraction rate can be well described by a power-law, $l \sim t^n$. Our results demonstrate that the exponent $n$ is not universal -- it is sensitive to the Young's angle $θ_i$ (and insensitive to anisotropy). In addition to classical wetting (where holes in a film heal) and dewetting (where holes in a film grow), we observe cases where a hole through the film heals but leave a finite size hole/bubble between the continuous film and substrate or where the hole heals leaving a continuous film that is not bonded to the substrate. Surface energy anisotropy (i) increases the instability that leads to island break-up into multiple islands, (ii) enhances hole healing, and (iii) leads to finite island size even under some conditions where the Young's angle $θ_i$ suggests that the film wets the substrate.
description: 25 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 1 of Clinical benefits of inhaled ciclesonide for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection: a retrospective study
Creators: name: Kuo, Kuan-Chih
name: Chen, Chao-Hsien
name: Wang, Chieh-Jen
name: Wu, Jou-Chun
name: Chung, Hsin-Pei
name: Chen, Yen-Ting
name: Tang, Yen-Hsiang
name: Chang, Wen-Kuei
name: Lin, Chang-Yi
name: Wu, Chien-Liang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: 1 Treatment protocol for COVID patients at MacKay Memorial Hospital (2021). 2 Admission order set (2021).
TwinPot: Digital Twin-assisted Honeypot for Cyber-Secure Smart Seaports
Creators: name: Yigit, Yagmur
name: Kinaci, Omer Kemal
name: Duong, Trung Q.
name: Canberk, Berk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The idea of next-generation ports has become more apparent in the last ten years in response to the challenge posed by the rising demand for efficiency and the ever-increasing volume of goods. In this new era of intelligent infrastructure and facilities, it is evident that cyber-security has recently received the most significant attention from the seaport and maritime authorities, and it is a primary concern on the agenda of most ports. Traditional security solutions can be applied to safeguard IoT and Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) from harmful entities. Nevertheless, security researchers can only watch, examine, and learn about the behaviors of attackers if these solutions operate more transparently. Herein, honeypots are potential solutions since they offer valuable information about the attackers. It can be virtual or physical. Virtual honeypots must be more realistic to entice attackers, necessitating better high-fidelity. To this end, Digital Twin (DT) technology can be employed to increase the complexity and simulation fidelity of the honeypots. Seaports can be attacked from both their existing devices and external devices at the same time. Existing mechanisms are insufficient to detect external attacks; therefore, the current systems cannot handle attacks at the desired level. DT and honeypot technologies can be used together to tackle them. Consequently, we suggest a DT-assisted honeypot, called TwinPot, for external attacks in smart seaports. Moreover, we propose an intelligent attack detection mechanism to handle different attack types using DT for internal attacks. Finally, we build an extensive smart seaport dataset for internal and external attacks using the MANSIM tool and two existing datasets to test the performance of our system. We show that under simultaneous internal and external attacks on the system, our solution successfully detects internal and external attacks.
description: Accepted on WS01 IEEE ICC 2023 Workshop on The Evolution of Digital Twin Paradigm in Wireless Communications
Digital Twin-Enabled Intelligent DDoS Detection Mechanism for Autonomous Core Networks
Creators: name: Yigit, Yagmur
name: Bal, Bahadir
name: Karameseoglu, Aytac
name: Duong, Trung Q.
name: Canberk, Berk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing distributed denial of service attack (DDoS) solutions cannot handle highly aggregated data rates; thus, they are unsuitable for Internet service provider (ISP) core networks. This article proposes a digital twin-enabled intelligent DDoS detection mechanism using an online learning method for autonomous systems. Our contributions are three-fold: we first design a DDoS detection architecture based on the digital twin for ISP core networks. We implemented a Yet Another Next Generation (YANG) model and an automated feature selection (AutoFS) module to handle core network data. We used an online learning approach to update the model instantly and efficiently, improve the learning model quickly, and ensure accurate predictions. Finally, we reveal that our proposed solution successfully detects DDoS attacks and updates the feature selection method and learning model with a true classification rate of ninety-seven percent. Our proposed solution can estimate the attack within approximately fifteen minutes after the DDoS attack starts.
A measurement of secondary cosmic microwave background anisotropies from the 2500-square-degree SPT-SZ survey
Creators: name: George, E. M.
name: Reichardt, C. L.
name: Aird, K. A.
name: Benson, B. A.
name: Bleem, L. E.
name: Carlstrom, J. E.
name: Chang, C. L.
name: Cho, H-M.
name: Crawford, T. M.
name: Crites, A. T.
name: de Haan, T.
name: Dobbs, M. A.
name: Dudley, J.
name: Halverson, N. W.
name: Harrington, N. L.
name: Holder, G. P.
name: Holzapfel, W. L.
name: Hou, Z.
name: Hrubes, J. D.
name: Keisler, R.
name: Knox, L.
name: Lee, A. T.
name: Leitch, E. M.
name: Lueker, M.
name: Luong-Van, D.
name: McMahon, J. J.
name: Mehl, J.
name: Meyer, S. S.
name: Millea, M.
name: Mocanu, L. M.
name: Mohr, J. J.
name: Montroy, T. E.
name: Padin, S.
name: Plagge, T.
name: Pryke, C.
name: Ruhl, J. E.
name: Schaffer, K. K.
name: Shaw, L.
name: Shirokoff, E.
name: Spieler, H. G.
name: Staniszewski, Z.
name: Stark, A. A.
name: Story, K. T.
name: van Engelen, A.
name: Vanderlinde, K.
name: Vieira, J. D.
name: Williamson, R.
name: Zahn, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of secondary cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies and cosmic infrared background (CIB) fluctuations using data from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) covering the complete 2540 sq.deg. SPT-SZ survey area. Data in the three SPT-SZ frequency bands centered at 95, 150, and 220 GHz, are used to produce six angular power spectra (three single-frequency auto-spectra and three cross-spectra) covering the multipole range 2000 < ell < 11000 (angular scales 5' > θ> 1'). These are the most precise measurements of the angular power spectra at ell > 2500 at these frequencies. The main contributors to the power spectra at these angular scales and frequencies are the primary CMB, CIB, thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects (tSZ and kSZ), and radio galaxies. We include a constraint on the tSZ power from a measurement of the tSZ bispectrum from 800 sq.deg. of the SPT-SZ survey. We measure the tSZ power at 143 GHz to be DtSZ = 4.08 +0.58 -0.67 μK^2 and the kSZ power to be DkSZ = 2.9 +- 1.3 μK^2. The data prefer positive kSZ power at 98.1% CL. We measure a correlation coefficient of ξ= 0.113 +0.057 -0.054 between sources of tSZ and CIB power, with ξ< 0 disfavored at a confidence level of 99.0%. The constraint on kSZ power can be interpreted as an upper limit on the duration of reionization. When the post-reionization homogeneous kSZ signal is accounted for, we find an upper limit on the duration Δz < 5.4 at 95% CL.
description: Accepted by ApJ (v2 is accepted version); 12 figures; 24 pages
Бесхвостые земноводные (Anura) в красной книге Самарской области (2-е издание)
Creators: name: Файзулин А.И.
name: Кузовенко А.Е.
name: Чихляев И.В.
name: Бакиев А.Г.
name: Михайлов Р.А.
name: Трантина Е.В.
Publisher: name: Самарская Лука: проблемы региональной и глобальной экологии
Year: 2018
Subjects: БЕСХВОСТЫЕ ЗЕМНОВОДНЫЕ
СЕРАЯ ЖАБА
ТРАВЯНАЯ ЛЯГУШКА
СЪЕДОБНАЯ ЛЯГУШКА
КРАСНАЯ КНИГА
САМАРСКАЯ ОБЛАСТЬ

description: В статье представлены материалы для очерков 2-го издания Красной книги Самарской области, по разделу бесхвостые земноводные, для трех видов серая жаба, травяная лягушка и съедобная лягушка. Предложены таксоны для включения в Приложение к 2-му изданию Красной книги региона подвида зеленой жабы Bufotes viridis variabilis и прудовой лягушки Pelophylax lessonae. Материалы публикации уточняют данные по распространению и экологии данных видов с 2009 г. по настоящее время.
Why have physical activity levels declined among Chinese adults? Findings from the 1991–2006 China health and nutrition surveys
Creators: name: Norton, Edward C.
name: Ng, Shu Wen
name: Popkin, Barry M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Between 1991 and 2006, average weekly physical activity among adults in China fell by 32%. This paper discusses why total and occupational physical activity levels have fallen, and models the association between the rapid decline and various dimensions of exogenous community urbanization. We hypothesize that a) physical activity levels are negatively associated with urbanization; b) urbanization domains that affect job functions and opportunities will contribute most to changes in physical activity levels; and c) these urbanization domains will be more strongly associated for men than for women because home activities account for a larger proportion of physical activity for women. To test these hypotheses, we used longitudinal data from individuals aged 18 to 55 in the 1991-2006 China Health and Nutrition Surveys. We find that physical activity declines were strongly associated with greater availability of higher educational institutions, housing infrastructure, sanitation improvements and the economic well-being of the community in which people function. These urbanization factors predict more than four-fifths of the decline in occupational physical activity over the 1991-2006 period for men and nearly two-thirds of the decline for women. They are also associated with 57% of the decline in total physical activity for men and 40% of the decline for women. Intervention strategies to promote physical activity in the workplace, at home, for transit and via exercise should be considered a major health priority in China.
title: Charakterisierung integrierter Dioden mit linearen Polarisationsfiltern und eines Transimpedanzverstärkers in einer 65nm CMOS Technologie zur Verwendung in der optischen Winkelmessung
Creators: name: Kobyaoglu, Ferhan
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 621.3 Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: Diese Bachelorthesis beschreibt die Charakterisierung integrierter Dioden mit linearen Polarisationsfiltern und eines Tranzimpedanzverstärkers in einer 65nm CMOS Technologie zur Verwendung in der optischen Winkelmessung. Dazu wurde zunächst für den Testchip, auf dem sich die verschiedenen Dioden mit unterschiedlichen Polarisationsfiltern und der Transimpedanzverstärker befinden, eine passende Leiterplatte mittels Altium Designer entworfen. Mithilfe dieser Leiterplatte konnten Messungen durchgeführt werden, um festzustellen, ob diese Technologie für die Verwendung als optischer Winkelsensor geeignet ist.
description: This bachelor thesis describes the characterization of integrated diodes with linear polarization filters and a transimpedance amplifier in a 65nm CMOS technology for use in optical angle measurement. A suitable PCB was first designed using Altium Designer for the test chip containing the various diodes with different polarization filters and the transimpedance amplifier. Using this PCB, measurements could be made to determine whether this technology is suitable for use as an optical angle sensor.
Caractérisation qualitative du lien entre les appâts utilisés et les captures observées sur des navires de pêche professionnelle pratiquant les métiers de la ligne et du casier sur la façade Manche - Atlantique
Creators: name: Delaunay, Damien
Publisher: name: Ifremer
Year: 2015

description: L’objectif de ce rapport est de décrire le lien entre les appâts utilisés et les captures observées dans le cadre du programme ObsMer sur des navires de pêche professionnelle pratiquant les métiers de la ligne et du casier sur la façade Manche - Atlantique.
Мониторинг за редкими видами насекомых Жигулевского заповедника
Creators: name: Любвина И.В.
name: Краснобаева Т.П.
Publisher: name: Самарская Лука: проблемы региональной и глобальной экологии
Year: 2018
Subjects: РЕДКИЕ ВИДЫ
ЖИГУЛЁВСКИЙ ЗАПОВЕДНИК
МОНИТОРИНГ
ВСТРЕЧАЕМОСТЬ
СЕЗОННАЯ ДИНАМИКА ВСТРЕЧ

description: Приведены данные по фенологии шести редких видов насекомых, общее количество отмеченных особей за весь период наблюдений (30 лет), их встречаемость и распределение по отдельным биотопам заповедника. Прослежена многолетняя сезонная динамика встреч трёх видов. На основании полученных сведений по численности и частоте встреч изучаемые виды были объединены в три группы: I Lucanus cervus L.; II Saga pedo Pall., Rosalia alpina L.; III Osmoderma barnabita Motsch., Parnassius apollo L., Calosoma sycophanta L.
A Latino advantage in oral health-related quality of life is modified by nativity status
Creators: name: Sanders, Anne E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Explanations for the social gradient in health status are informed by the rare exceptions. This cross-sectional observational study examined one such exception, the “Latino paradox” by investigating the presence of a Latino advantage in oral health-related quality of life and the effect of nativity status on this relationship. A nationally representative sample of adults (n = 4208) completed the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2004. The impact of oral disorders on oral health-related quality of life was evaluated using the NHANES Oral Health Impact Profile. Exposures of interest were race, ethnicity and nativity status. Covariates included sociodemographic characteristics, smoking status, self-rated health, access to dental care and number of teeth. Unconditional logistic regression models estimated odds of impaired oral health-related quality of life for racial/ethnic and nativity groups compared to the Non-Latino white population. Overall prevalence of impaired oral health-related quality of life was 15.1%. A protective effect of Latino ethnicity was modified by nativity status, such that Latino immigrants experienced substantially better outcomes than non-Latino whites. However the effect was limited to first-generation Latinos. U.S. born Latinos did not share the oral health-related quality of life advantage of their foreign-born counterparts. This advantage was not attributable to the healthy migrant phenomenon since immigrants of non-Latino origin did not differ from Non-Latino whites. The excess risk among Non-Hispanic Blacks was rendered non-significant after adjustment for socioeconomic position. A protective effect conferred by Latino nativity is unexpected given relatively disadvantaged socioeconomic position of this group, their language barrier and restrictions to needed dental care. As the Latino advantage in oral health-related quality of life is not explained by healthy immigrant selection, cultural explanations seem more likely than explanations based on characteristics of individuals.
Новые данные о редких видах насекомых из Красной книги Самарской области
Creators: name: Дюжаева И.В.
name: Любвина И.В.
Publisher: name: Самарская Лука: проблемы региональной и глобальной экологии
Year: 2018
Subjects: РЕДКИЕ НАСЕКОМЫЕ
САМАРСКАЯ ОБЛАСТЬ
КРАСНАЯ КНИГА

description: В статье представлены новые сведения о 63 видах насекомых, предложенных к включению во второе издание Красной книги Самарской области.
A random forest system combination approach for error detection in digital dictionaries
Creators: name: Bloodgood, Michael
name: Ye, Peng
name: Rodrigues, Paul
name: Zajic, David
name: Doermann, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7; I.2.6; I.5.1; I.5.4

description: When digitizing a print bilingual dictionary, whether via optical character recognition or manual entry, it is inevitable that errors are introduced into the electronic version that is created. We investigate automating the process of detecting errors in an XML representation of a digitized print dictionary using a hybrid approach that combines rule-based, feature-based, and language model-based methods. We investigate combining methods and show that using random forests is a promising approach. We find that in isolation, unsupervised methods rival the performance of supervised methods. Random forests typically require training data so we investigate how we can apply random forests to combine individual base methods that are themselves unsupervised without requiring large amounts of training data. Experiments reveal empirically that a relatively small amount of data is sufficient and can potentially be further reduced through specific selection criteria.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, 10 tables; appeared in Proceedings of the Workshop on Innovative Hybrid Approaches to the Processing of Textual Data, April 2012
Effects of simplifying choice tasks on estimates of taste heterogeneity in stated-choice surveys
Creators: name: Ozdemir, Semra
name: Phillips, Kathryn A.
name: Johnson, F. Reed
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Researchers usually employ orthogonal arrays or D-optimal designs with little or no attribute overlap in stated-choice surveys. The challenge is to balance statistical efficiency and respondent burden to minimize the overall error in the survey responses. This study examined whether simplifying the choice task, by using a design with more overlap, provides advantages over standard minimum-overlap methods. We administered two designs for eliciting HIV test preferences to split samples. Surveys were undertaken at four HIV testing locations in San Francisco, California. Personal characteristics had different effects on willingness to pay for the two treatments, and gains in statistical efficiency in the minimal-overlap version more than compensated for possible imprecision from increased measurement error.
О географии и охране Globulariapunctata Lapeyr (Globulariaceae) в Самарской области
Creators: name: Конева Н.В.
name: Сидякина Л.В.
Publisher: name: Самарская Лука: проблемы региональной и глобальной экологии
Year: 2018
Subjects: GLOBULARIA PUNCTATA LAPEYR
ПОПУЛЯЦИЯ
РЕЛИКТ
РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫЕ СООБЩЕСТВА
САМАРСКАЯ ОБЛАСТЬ

description: Приведена оценка природоохранного статуса природных популяций реликтового дизъюнктивного особо охраняемого вида Globularia punctata Lapeyr. (Globulariaceae), а также подробные сведения о его местах произрастания в условиях Самарской области (Левобережные и Правобережные фрагменты ареала).
Financial hardship and psychological distress: Exploring the buffering effects of religion
Creators: name: Bradshaw, Matt
name: Ellison, Christopher G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Despite ample precedent in theology and social theory, few studies have systematically examined the role of religion in mitigating the harmful effects of socioeconomic deprivation on mental health. The present study outlines several arguments linking objective and subjective measures of financial hardship, as well as multiple aspects of religious life, with psychological distress. Relevant hypotheses are then tested using data on adults aged 18–59 from the 1998 US NORC General Social Survey. Findings confirm that both types of financial hardship are positively associated with distress, and that several different aspects of religious life buffer against these deleterious influences. Specifically, religious attendance and the belief in an afterlife moderate the deleterious effects of financial hardship on both objective and subjective financial hardship, while meditation serves this function only for objective hardship. No interactive relationships were found between frequency of prayer and financial hardship. A number of implications, study limitations, and directions for future research are identified.
Morbidity and mortality disparities among colonist and indigenous populations in the Ecuadorian Amazon
Creators: name: Erlien, Christine
name: Bilsborrow, Richard E.
name: Kuang-Yao Pan, William
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Rural populations living in the northern Ecuadorian Amazon (NEA) experience the highest health burden of any region in the country. Two independent studies of colonist and indigenous groups living in the NEA are used to compare their morbidity and mortality experiences. Colonist data are from a probability sample of land plots in 1999, while indigenous data are from a representative sample of the five largest ethnicities (Quichua, Shuar, Huaorani, Cofan, Secoya) collected in 2001. Poisson regression was used to compare morbidity. Results indicate clear differences in health between populations. Indigenous groups had 30% higher probability of mortality and 63% higher incidence rate of all-cause morbidity compared to colonists. Vector-borne, chronic, gastrointestinal, and diseases of unknown origin were particularly high among indigenous groups. Factors associated with morbidity varied: morbidity rates were similar for the two youngest age groups (0–4 and 5–9), but indigenous people aged 15–39 and 40+ had almost double the morbidity compared to colonists; larger households, later months of data collection and less pollution were associated with less morbidity in both groups; better infrastructure access (electricity and roads) was generally associated with lower morbidity in both groups; and associations of land use were different by group with more cultivation of perennials and fewer annuals associated with less morbidity for colonists, but more for indigenous groups. These results demonstrate the health disparities that exist among indigenous and non-indigenous populations even when living in the same geographic region. Land use itself exemplifies the cultural and contextual differences that are evident in health, since land use decisions are related to broader demographic and economic factors that influence overall ecological and human health. Ongoing population-environment and/or environment-health research needs to recognize the broader factors involved when studying relationships between population health, development and deforestation.
Thermodynamics of the $α$-$γ$ transition in cerium studied by an LDA + Gutzwiller method
Creators: name: Tian, Ming-Feng
name: Song, Hai-Feng
name: Liu, Hai-Feng
name: Wang, Cong
name: Fang, Zhong
name: Dai, Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $α$-$γ$ transition in cerium has been studied in both zero and finite temperature by Gutzwiller density functional theory. We find that the first order transition between $α$ and $γ$ phases persists to the zero temperature with negative pressure. By further including the entropy contributed by both electronic quasi-particles and lattice vibration, we obtain the total free energy at given volume and temperature, from which we obtain the $α$-$γ$ transition from the first principle calculation. We also computed the phase diagram and pressure versus volume isotherms of cerium at finite temperature and pressure, finding excellent agreement with the experiments. Our calculation indicate that both the electronic entropy and lattice vibration entropy plays important role in the $α$-$γ$ transition.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Linked Data Cloud: Bindeglied zwischen Geodäsie und Gesellschaft
Creators: name: Thiery, Florian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Linked Data
Linked Open Geodata
Arbeiten 4.0
Geodäsie 2030

description: Geodäten leben bereits im Jahr 2019 in einer globalen, digitalen und vernetzten Welt: der Cloud. Wir erleben das Arbeiten 4.0 in einer Industrie 4.0 mit dem Einsatz von cyber-physischen Systemen und der Vernetzung von Maschinen, Geräten, Sensoren, Menschen und Daten. 80% aller Daten besitzen einen Raumbezug, somit sind Geodaten der Treibstoff der digitalen Gesellschaft. Darüber hinaus werden Bestandteile des OOO-Modells immer wichtiger: Open Source Software, Open (Geo-) Data und Open Access. Zur Bereitstellung von offenen und freien (Geo-) Daten in interoperablen Formaten eigenen sich insbesondere Techniken des Web 3.0, sogenannte Linked Open Data (LOD), bzw. Linked Open Geodata. Durch die Bereitstellung von LO(Geo-)D entsteht eine riesige vernetzte Linked Data Cloud verschiedenster Disziplinen (Geodäsie / Geisteswissenschaften / Naturwissenschaften), in der amtliche Geodaten als Bindeglied dienen, um neues Wissen für die Gesellschaft zu erzeugen.
Social venues that protect against and promote HIV risk for young men in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Creators: name: Kajula, Lusajo J.
name: Maman, Suzanne
name: Yamanis, Thespina J.
name: Earp, Jo Anne E.
name: Mbwambo, Jessie K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Developing effective place-based health interventions requires understanding of the dynamic between place and health. The therapeutic landscape framework explains how place-based social processes and physical geography interact and influence health behavior. This study applied this framework to examine how venues, or social gathering places, influenced HIV risk behavior among young, urban men in Tanzania. Eighty-three public venues where men ages 15–19 met new sexual partners were identified by community informants in one city ward. The majority (86%) of the venues were called ‘camps’, social gathering places that had formal leaders and members. Observations were conducted at 23 camps and in-depth interviews were conducted with 36 camp members and 10 camp leaders in 15 purposively selected camps. Geographic and social features of camps were examined to understand their contributions to men’s behaviors. Camps were characterized by a geographic space claimed by members, a unique name and a democratic system of leadership and governance. Members were mostly men and socialized daily at their camp. They reported strong social bonds and engaging in health-promoting activities such as playing sports and generating income. Members also engaged in HIV risk behaviors, such as meeting new sexual partners and having sex in or around the camp at night. Some members promoted concurrent sexual partnerships with their friends and resisted camp leaders’ efforts to change their sexual risk behavior.
Review of Central Exclusive Production of the Higgs Boson Beyond the Standard Model
Creators: name: Tasevsky, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review activities in the field of theoretical, phenomenological and experimental studies related to the production of the Higgs boson in central exclusive processes at LHC in models beyond Standard Model. Prospects in the context of the Higgs boson discovery at LHC in 2012 and of proposals to build forward proton detectors at ATLAS and CMS side are summarized.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures; to appear as review article in Int J Mod Phys A
NIGHTFLARE: THERMOCOUPLE DESIGN FOR ROCKET ENGINE TEST
Creators: name: Maristela, Mark
name: Belarmino, Pierre Carlo
name: Yadao, Lanz Rynel
name: Almario, Nathaniezl
name: Olivar, Oliver Lloyd
name: Abran, William Kevin
name: Nacino, Jan Ulrich
name: De Chavez, Marian Elaine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: thermocouple
aerospace engineering
sensor
temperature sensor
rocket engine
rocket
rocket engine test

description: "Nightflare" is a project undertaken by Orbital Exploration Technologies, Inc., with the objective of designing a cost-effective, accurate, and durable thermal sensor tailored for the demanding environment of rocket engine tests. This innovative thermal sensor is required to function within a wide temperature range, from 90 K (for monitoring Liquid Oxygen Tank conditions) to a scorching 2500 K (within the Combustion Chamber). It must achieve an accuracy of ±2 K for lower temperature measurements, respond swiftly with an interval of less than 1 second, and sustain continuous operation for a duration of 80 to 100 seconds (preliminary estimate). Additionally, the sensor must endure extreme ambient temperatures and high-level vibrations, common conditions encountered during rocket engine testing. The project presents an innovative approach to thermal sensing in the field of rocket engine testing, aiming to meet the stringent demands of this critical aerospace application.
Development of large radii half-wave plates for CMB satellite missions
Creators: name: Pisano, G.
name: Maffei, B.
name: Ng, M. W.
name: Haynes, V.
name: Brown, M.
name: Noviello, F.
name: de Bernardis, P.
name: Masi, S.
name: Piacentini, F.
name: Pagano, L.
name: Salatino, M.
name: Ellison, B.
name: Henry, M.
name: de Maagt, P.
name: Shortt, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The successful European Space Agency (ESA) Planck mission has mapped the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropy with unprecedented accuracy. However, Planck was not designed to detect the polarised components of the CMB with comparable precision. The BICEP2 collaboration has recently reported the first detection of the B-mode polarisation. ESA is funding the development of critical enabling technologies associated with B-mode polarisation detection, one of these being large diameter half-wave plates. We compare different polarisation modulators and discuss their respective trade-offs in terms of manufacturing, RF performance and thermo-mechanical properties. We then select the most appropriate solution for future satellite missions, optimized for the detection of B-modes.
description: 16 pages
Spatial and socio-behavioral patterns of HIV prevalence in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Creators: name: Edidi, Samuel B.
name: Emch, Michael
name: Okenge, Augustin
name: Mwandagalirwa, Kashamuka
name: Muwonga, Jeremie
name: Messina, Jane P.
name: Mama, Nicaise
name: Meshnick, Steven R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: This study uses a 2007 population-based household survey to examine the individual and community-level factors that increase an individual's risk for HIV infection in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Using the 2007 DRC Demographic Health Surveillance (DHS) Survey, we use spatial analytical methods to explore sub-regional patterns of HIV infection in the DRC. Geographic coordinates of survey communities are used to map prevalence of HIV infection and explore geographic variables related to HIV risk. Spatial cluster techniques are used to identify hotspots of infection. HIV prevalence is related to individual demographic characteristics and sexual behaviors and community-level factors. We found that the prevalence of HIV within 25 km of an individual's community is an important positive indicator of HIV infection. Distance from a city is negatively associated with HIV infection overall and for women in particular. This study highlights the importance of improved surveillance systems in the DRC and other African countries along with the use of spatial analytical methods to enhance understanding of the determinants of HIV infection and geographic patterns of prevalence, thereby contributing to improved allocation of public health resources in the future.
Экологический туризм и географические информационные системы
Creators: name: Крючков А.Н.
Publisher: name: Самарская Лука: проблемы региональной и глобальной экологии
Year: 2018
Subjects: ТУРИЗМ
ГИС-ТЕХНОЛОГИИ
БАЗЫ ДАННЫХ
УСЛОВНЫЕ ЗНАКИ
КАДАСТР ТУРИСТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ

description: В статье дан обзор использования ГИС-технологий для разработки туристических маршрутов, в том числе и экологических. Предлагается создание атрибутивных баз данных для кадастра туристических ресурсов.