cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Identification of prestellar cores in high-mass star forming clumps via $\rm H_2D^+$ observations with ALMA
Creators: name: Redaelli, E.
name: Bovino, S.
name: Giannetti, A.
name: Sabatini, G.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Wyrowski, F.
name: Schleicher, D. R. G.
name: Colombo, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The different theoretical models concerning the formation of high-mass stars make distinct predictions regarding their progenitors, i.e. the high-mass prestellar cores. However, so far no conclusive observation of such objects has been made. Aims. We aim to study the very early stages of high-mass star formation in two infrared-dark, massive clumps, to identify the core population that they harbour. Methods. We obtained ALMA observations of continuum emission at 0.8mm and of the ortho-$\rm H_2D^+$ transition at 372GHz towards the two clumps. We use the SCIMES algorithm to identify cores in the position-position-velocity space, finding 16 cores. We model their observed spectra in the LTE approximation, deriving the centroid velocity, linewidth, and column density maps. We also study the correlation between the continuum and molecular data, which in general do not present the same structure. Results. We report for the first time the detection of ortho-$\rm H_2D^+$ in high-mass star-forming regions performed with an interferometer. The molecular emission shows narrow and subsonic lines, suggesting that locally the temperature of the gas is less than 10K. From the continuum emission we estimate the cores' total masses, and compare them with the respective virial masses. We also compute the volume density values, which are found to be higher than $10^{6}\, \rm cm^{-3}$. Conclusions. Our data confirm that ortho-$\rm H_2D^+$ is an ideal tracer of cold and dense gas. Interestingly, almost all the $\rm H_2D^+$-identified cores are less massive than 13M_sun , with the exception of one core in AG354. Furthermore, most of them are subvirial and larger than their Jeans masses. These results are difficult to explain in the context of the turbulent accretion models, which predict massive and virialised prestellar cores.
description: Accepted for publications in A&A
Counting statistics of interfering Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Shelankov, A. L.
name: Rammer, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method is presented that is able to predict the probability of outcomes of snapshot measurements, such as the images of the instantaneous particle density distribution in a quantum many-body system. It is shown that a gauge-like transformation of the phase of the many-body wave function allows one to construct a probability generating functional, the Fourier transform of which with respect to the "gauge" field returns the joint probability distribution to detect any given number of particles at various locations. The method is applied to the problem of interference of two independent clouds of Bose-Einstein condensates, where the initially separated clouds with fixed boson numbers expand and the density profile image of the overlapping clouds is registered. In the limit of large particle numbers, the probability to observe a particular image of the density profile is shown to be given by a sum of partial probability distributions, each of which corresponds to a noisy image of interference of two matter waves with definite phase difference. In agreement with earlier theoretical arguments, interference fringes are, therefore, expected in any single shot measurement, the fringe pattern randomly varying from run to run. These results conform to the physical picture where the Bose-Einstein clouds are in spontaneously symmetry broken states, the hidden phases of which are revealed by the density profile measurement via the position of the interference fringes.
description: Some changes in presentation, as published, 6 pages, LaTeX
Photospheric and chromospheric activity on EY Dra
Creators: name: Korhonen, H.
name: Brogaard, K.
name: Holhjem, K.
name: Ramstedt, S.
name: Rantala, J.
name: Thoene, C. C.
name: Vida, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic activity in the photosphere and chromosphere of the M dwarf EY Dra is studied and possible correlations between the two are investigated using photometric observations in the V and R bands and optical and near infrared spectroscopy. The longitudinal spot configuration in the photosphere is obtained from the V band photometry, and the chromospheric structures are investigated using variations in the H alpha line profile and observations of the Paschen beta line. The shape of the V band light-curve indicates two active regions on the stellar surface, about 0.4 in phase apart. The spectroscopic observations show enhanced H alpha emission observed close to the phases of the photometrically detected starspots. This could indicate chromospheric plages associated with the photospheric starspots. Some indications of prominence structures are also seen. The chromospheric pressure is limited to logTR < -4 based on the non-detection of emission in the Paschen beta wavelength region.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomische Nachrichten (Astronomical Notes)
Nodal free geometric phases: Concept and application to geometric quantum computation
Creators: name: Ericsson, Marie
name: Kult, David
name: Sjöqvist, Erik
name: Aberg, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nodal free geometric phases are the eigenvalues of the final member of a parallel transporting family of unitary operators. These phases are gauge invariant, always well-defined, and can be measured interferometrically. Nodal free geometric phases can be used to construct various types of quantum phase gates.
description: Small typo corrected, journal reference added
Magma Ocean Evolution of the TRAPPIST-1 Planets
Creators: name: Barth, Patrick
name: Carone, Ludmila
name: Barnes, Rory
name: Noack, Lena
name: Molliere, Paul
name: Henning, Thomas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Exoplanets
subject: Terrestrial planets
subject: Planetary atmospheres
subject: Magma oceans
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Recent observations of the potentially habitable planets TRAPPIST-1 e, f, and g suggest that they possess large water mass fractions of possibly several tens of weight percent of water, even though the host star's activity should drive rapid atmospheric escape. These processes can photolyze water, generating free oxygen and possibly desiccating the planet. After the planets formed, their mantles were likely completely molten with volatiles dissolving and exsolving from the melt. To understand these planets and prepare for future observations, the magma ocean phase of these worlds must be understood. To simulate these planets, we have combined existing models of stellar evolution, atmospheric escape, tidal heating, radiogenic heating, magma-ocean cooling, planetary radiation, and water-oxygen-iron geochemistry. We present , a versatile magma-ocean evolution model, validated against the rocky super-Earth GJ 1132b and early Earth. We simulate the coupled magma-ocean atmospheric evolution of TRAPPIST-1 e, f, and g for a range of tidal and radiogenic heating rates, as well as initial water contents between 1 and 100 Earth oceans. We also reanalyze the structures of these planets and find they have water mass fractions of 0–0.23, 0.01–0.21, and 0.11–0.24 for planets e, f, and g, respectively. Our model does not make a strong prediction about the water and oxygen content of the atmosphere of TRAPPIST-1 e at the time of mantle solidification. In contrast, the model predicts that TRAPPIST-1 f and g would have a thick steam atmosphere with a small amount of oxygen at that stage. For all planets that we investigated, we find that only 3–5% of the initial water will be locked in the mantle after the magma ocean solidified.
Metaplectic representation on Wiener amalgam spaces and applications to the Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: Cordero, Elena
name: Nicola, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 42B35, 35B65, 35J10, 35B40

description: We study the action of metaplectic operators on Wiener amalgam spaces, giving upper bounds for their norms. As an application, we obtain new fixed-time estimates in these spaces for Schrödinger equations with general quadratic Hamiltonians and Strichartz estimates for the Schrödinger equation with potentials $V(x)=\pm|x|^2$.
Research on innovation in China and Latin America: Bibliometric insights in the field of business, management and decision sciences
Creators: name: Cortes, Julian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: China and Latin America (LATAM) are now key players in global research production. This study presents a comparative study on research on innovation in management and decision sciences based on data from Scopus and Web of Knowledge (WoS) between China and LATAM. Findings showed significant differences between regions regarding journals citation dependent measures, and between the number of authors and journal reputation, public universities have been leading producers, and China showed a particular interest in research topics such as commerce and industry, while LATAM in sustainable development and bio-technology.
On the relativistic iron line and soft excess in the Seyfert 1 galaxy Markarian 335
Creators: name: O'Neill, Paul M.
name: Nandra, Kirpal
name: Cappi, Massimo
name: Longinotti, Anna Lia
name: Sim, Stuart A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a 133 ks XMM-Newton observation of the Seyfert 1 galaxy Markarian 335. The 0.4-12 keV spectrum contains an underlying power law continuum, a soft excess below 2 keV, and a double-peaked iron emission feature in the 6-7 keV range. We investigate the possibility that the double-peaked emission might represent the characteristic signature of the accretion disc. Detailed investigations show that a moderately broad, accretion disc line is most likely present, but that the peaks may be owing to narrower components from more distant material. The peaks at 6.4 and 7 keV can be identified, respectively, with the molecular torus in active galactic nucleus unification schemes, and very highly ionized, optically thin gas filling the torus. The X-ray variability spectra on both long (~100 ks) and short (~1 ks) timescales disfavour the recent suggestion that the soft excess is an artifact of variable, moderately ionized absorption.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Cyclic brightening in the short-period WZ Sge-type cataclysmic variable SDSS J080434.20+510349.2
Creators: name: Zharikov, S. V.
name: Tovmassian, G. H.
name: Neustroev, V. V.
name: Michel, R.
name: Zurita, C.
name: Echevarria, J.
name: Bikmaev, I. F.
name: Pavlenko, E. P.
name: Jeon, Young- Beom
name: Valyavin, G. G.
name: Aviles, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed a new cataclysmic variable (CV) SDSS J080434.20+510349.2 and study the origin of a long-term variability found in its light curve. Multi-longitude time-resolved photometric observations were carried out to analyze the uncommon behavior also found recently in two newly discovered CVs. This study of SDSS J080434.20+510349.2 mainly concerns the understanding of the nature of the observed double-humped light curve and its relation to a cyclic brightening occurring during quiescence. The observations were obtained early in 2007, when the object was at about V~17.1, 0.4 mag brighter than the pre-outburst magnitude. The light curve shows a sinusoidal variability with an amplitude of about 0.07 mag and a periodicity of 42.48 min, which is half of the orbital period of the system. In addition, we have observed two "mini-outbursts" of the system up to 0.6 mag, with a duration of about 4 days each. The "mini-outburst" had a symmetric profile and repeated in about 32 days. Subsequent monitoring of the system shows a cyclical behaviour of such "mini-outbursts" with a similar recurrence period. The origin of the double-humped light curve and the periodic brightening is discussed in the light of the evolutionary state of SDSS J080434.20+510349.2.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, Accepted by A&A, typos added, figure corrected
CPBVP: A Constraint-Programming Framework for Bounded Program Verification
Creators: name: Collavizza, Hélène
name: Rueher, Michel
name: Van Hentenryck, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies how to verify the conformity of a program with its specification and proposes a novel constraint-programming framework for bounded program verification (CPBPV). The CPBPV framework uses constraint stores to represent the specification and the program and explores execution paths nondeterministically. The input program is partially correct if each constraint store so produced implies the post-condition. CPBPV does not explore spurious execution paths as it incrementally prunes execution paths early by detecting that the constraint store is not consistent. CPBPV uses the rich language of constraint programming to express the constraint store. Finally, CPBPV is parametrized with a list of solvers which are tried in sequence, starting with the least expensive and less general. Experimental results often produce orders of magnitude improvements over earlier approaches, running times being often independent of the variable domains. Moreover, CPBPV was able to detect subtle errors in some programs while other frameworks based on model checking have failed.
Non-zero trilinear parameter in the mSUGRA model - dark matter and collider signals at Tevatron and LHC
Creators: name: Chattopadhyay, Utpal
name: Das, Debottam
name: Datta, Amitava
name: Poddar, Sujoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phenomenologically viable and interesting regions of parameter space in the minimal super-gravity (mSUGRA) model with small $m_0$ and small $m_{1/2}$ consistent with the WMAP data on dark matter relic density and the bound on the mass of the lightest Higgs scalar $ m_h>$ 114 GeV from LEP2 open up if the rather adhoc assumption $A_0$=0, where $A_0$ is the common trilinear soft breaking parameter, employed in most of the existing analyses is relaxed. Since this region corresponds to relatively light squarks and gluinos which are likely to be probed extensively in the very early stages of the LHC experiments, the consequences of moderate or large negative values of $A_0$ are examined in detail. We find that in this region several processes including lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) pair annihilation, LSP - lighter tau slepton (${\tilde τ}_1$) coannihilation and LSP - lighter top squark (${\tilde t}_1$) coannihilation contribute to the observed dark matter relic density. %\sout{The possibility that a relic density producing ${\tilde t}_1$ can be %observed at the current experiments at the Tevatron is wide open.} The possibility that a ${\tilde t}_1$ that can participate in coannihilation with the lightest neutralino to satisfy the WMAP bound on relic density and at the same time be observed at the current experiments at the Tevatron is wide open. At the LHC a large number of squark - gluino events lead to a very distinctive semi-inclusive signature $τ^\pm$+X$_τ$ (anything without a tau lepton) with a characteristic size much larger than $e^\pm$+X$_e$ or $μ^\pm$+X$_μ$ events.
description: Some minor changes made in the text. To appear in Phys Rev D
Two-color photoassociation spectroscopy of ytterbium atoms and the precise determinations of s-wave scattering lengths
Creators: name: Kitagawa, Masaaki
name: Enomoto, Katsunari
name: Kasa, Kentaro
name: Takahashi, Yoshiro
name: Ciurylo, Roman
name: Naidon, Pascal
name: Julienne, Paul S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By performing high-resolution two-color photoassociation spectroscopy, we have successfully determined the binding energies of several of the last bound states of the homonuclear dimers of six different isotopes of ytterbium. These spectroscopic data are in excellent agreement with theoretical calculations based on a simple model potential, which very precisely predicts the s-wave scattering lengths of all 28 pairs of the seven stable isotopes. The s-wave scattering lengths for collision of two atoms of the same isotopic species are 13.33(18) nm for ^{168}Yb, 3.38(11) nm for ^{170}Yb, -0.15(19) nm for ^{171}Yb, -31.7(3.4) nm for ^{172}Yb, 10.55(11) nm for ^{173}Yb, 5.55(8) nm for ^{174}Yb, and -1.28(23) nm for ^{176}Yb. The coefficient of the lead term of the long-range van der Waals potential of the Yb_2 molecule is C_6=1932(30) atomic units $(E_h a_0^6 \approx 9.573\times 10^{-26}$ J nm^6).
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Introduction to DC-DC boost converter with discovery learning
Creators: name: Mansouri, Amirhosein
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401002
subject: Engineering education

description: Engineering education is as old as engineering sciences. It has always provided the basis for the transfer and advancement of these sciences. However, this topic itself may not be updated, unlike engineering sciences that have made a lot of progress in recent years, which causes problems in transferring scientific concepts. For this reason, as engineering sciences are growing rapidly, engineering education needs to find a modern structure and discard traditional methods that have many disadvantages or eliminate those disadvantages. This article is based on methods based on Discovery learning and offers an example of a modern educational method that is formed from the combination of engineering sciences and geography. Finally, as an examination of the strengths of this method, 21 students were asked to express their opinion about this sample. In order to provide an example of engineering education with the help of this method, we have used boost converter relationship education.
Low frequency radio spectrum and spectral turnover of LS 5039
Creators: name: Godambe, Sagar
name: Bhattacharyya, Subir
name: Bhatt, Nilay
name: Choudhury, Manojendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LS 5039, a possible black hole x-ray binary, was recently observed with Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope. The observed spectrum presented here shows that the spectrum is inverted at the low frequency. When combined with the archival data with orbital phase similar to the present observations, it shows a clear indication of a spectral turnover. The combined data are fitted with a broken power-law and the break frequency signifies a possible spectral turnover of the spectrum around 964 MHz. Truly simultaneous observations in radio wavelength covering a wide range of frequencies are required to fix the spectrum and the spectral turn over which will play a crucial role in developing a deeper understanding of the radio emitting jet in LS 5039.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
The substellar mass function in sigma Orionis. II. Optical, near-infrared and IRAC/Spitzer photometry of young cluster brown dwarfs and planetary-mass objects
Creators: name: Caballero, J. A.
name: Béjar, V. J. S.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Eislöffel, J.
name: Osorio, M. R. Zapatero
name: Mundt, R.
name: Navascués, D. Barrado y
name: Bihain, G.
name: Bailer-Jones, C. A. L.
name: Forveille, T.
name: Martín, E. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the mass function in the substellar domain down to a few Jupiter masses in the young sigma Orionis open cluster (3+/-2 Ma, d = 360^+70_-60 pc). We have performed a deep IJ-band search, covering an area of 790 arcmin^2 close to the cluster centre. This survey was complemented with an infrared follow-up in the HKs- and Spitzer 3.6-8.0 mum-bands. Using colour-magnitude diagrams, we have selected 49 candidate cluster members in the magnitude interval 16.1 mag < I < 23.0 mag. Accounting for flux excesses at 8.0 mum and previously known spectral features of youth, 30 objects are bona fide cluster members. Four are first identified from our optical-near infrared data. Eleven have most probable masses below the deuterium burning limit and are classified as planetary-mass object candidates. The slope of the substellar mass spectrum (Delta N / Delta M = a M^-alpha) in the mass interval 0.11 Msol M < 0.006 Msol is alpha = +0.6+/-0.2. Any opacity mass-limit, if these objects form via fragmentation, may lie below 0.006 Msol. The frequency of sigma Orionis brown dwarfs with circumsubstellar discs is 47+/-15 %. The continuity in the mass function and in the frequency of discs suggests that very low-mass stars and substellar objects, even below the deuterium-burning mass limit, may share the same formation mechanism.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A (12/04/2007). It has not been edited for language yet
Entanglement entropy in multi-leg Kitaev ladders with interface defects
Creators: name: Almeida, Dalson Eloy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entanglement of different parts of a quantum system is expected to be proportional to the common interface area. Therefore alterations across the interface will lead to changes on the behavior of entanglement entropy. In this work, the effects of bond defects at the boundaries of Kitaev ladders are considered. We find a logarithmic scaling for the ground state entanglement entropy between the two pieces. The prefactor of the logarithm (effective central charge) varies continuously with the defect strength. The energy dispersion is also obtained and sharp features in the von Neumann entanglement entropy are observed when bands cross. Phase diagrams for homogeneous Kitaev hamiltonians with nonzero superconducting paring potential are presented. They show that for chains/legs that are connected to one another through inter-leg hopping, when certain parameters are fine-tuned, the phase transition lines correspond to either single or double gapless modes dispersion. Moreover, even when the defect is turned on, the effective central charge for ladders with two gapless modes is exactly twice the one for ladders with a single gapless mode. On the other hand, in the absence of superconductivity, we can tune the parameters to obtain homogeneous systems whose number of gapless modes is up to the number of legs of the ladder. Additionally, in this situation, the presence of the bond defect makes the effective central charge becomes smaller than the number of gapless modes times the effective central charge of hamiltonians with one gapless mode. Furthermore, the relationship between the cases with and without superconductivity is presented.
Research on innovation in business and management about China and Latin America: bibliometrics insights using Google Scholar, Dimensions and Microsoft Academic
Creators: name: Cortes, Julian D.
name: Lin, Xiaolei
name: Xun, Xiaolei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Trade and investment between developing regions such as China and Latin America (LATAM) are growing prominently. However, insights on crucial factors such as innovation in business and management (iBM) about both regions have not been scrutinized. This study presents the research output, impact, and structure of iBM research published about China and LATAM in a comparative framework using Google Scholar, Dimensions, and Microsoft Academic. Findings showed i) that iBM topics of both regions were framed within research and development management, and technological development topics, ii) significant differences in output and impact between regions, and iii) the same case for platforms.
Charge-order phase transition in the quasi one-dimensional organic conductor (TMTTF)$_2$NO$_3$
Creators: name: Majer, Lena Nadine
name: Miksch, Björn
name: Lesseux, Guilherme Gorgen
name: Untereiner, Gabriele
name: Dressel, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-dimensional organic conductors show a rich phase diagram, which has, despite all efforts, still some unexploed regions. Charge ordered phases present in many compounds of the (TMTTF)$_2 X$ family are typically studied with their unique electronic properties in mind. An influence on the spin arrangement is, however, not expected at first glance. Here, we report temperature and angle dependent electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements on the quasi one-dimensional organic conductor (TMTTF)$_2$NO$_3$. We found that the (TMTTF)$_2$NO$_3$ compound develops a peculiar anisotropy with a doubled periodicity ($ab'$-plane) of the ESR linewidth below about $T_\text{CO}=250\pm 10$ K. This behavior is similar to observations in the related compounds (TMTTF)$_2 X$ ($X$ = PF$_6$, SbF$_6$ and AsF$_6$), where it has been attributed to relaxation processes of magnetically inequivalent sites in the charge-ordered state. For the structural analogous (TMTTF)$_2$ClO$_4$, known for the absence of charge order, such angular dependence of the ESR signal is not observed. Therefore, our ESR measurements lead us to conclude that a charge-order phase is stabilized in the title compound below $T_\text{CO} \approx 250$ K.
The Baryonic and Dark Matter Properties of High Redshift Gravitationally Lensed Disk Galaxies
Creators: name: Salucci, P.
name: Swinbank, A. M.
name: Lapi, A.
name: Yegorova, I.
name: Bower, R. G.
name: Smail, Ian
name: Smith, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the structural properties of four gravitationally lensed disk galaxies at z=1. Modelling the rotation curves on sub-kpc scales we derive the values for the disk mass, the reference dark matter density and core radius, and the angular momentum per unit mass. The derived models suggest that the rotation curve profile and amplitude are best fit with a dark matter component similar to those of local spiral galaxies. The stellar component also has a similar length scale, but with substantially smaller masses than similarly luminous disk galaxies in the local universe. Comparing the average dark matter density inside the optical radius we find that the disk galaxies at z=1 have larger densities (by up to a factor of 7) than similar disk galaxies in the local Universe. Furthermore, the angular momentum per unit mass versus reference velocity is well matched to the local relation, suggesting that the angular momentum of the disk remains constant between high redshifts and the present day. Though statistically limited, these observations point towards a spirals' formation scenario in which stellar disks are slowly grown by the accretion of angular momentum conserving material.
description: 6 Pages, 3 figures, Submitted to MNRAS
Multiscale modelling of de novo anaerobic granulation
Creators: name: Tenore, A.
name: Russo, F.
name: Mattei, M. R.
name: D'Acunto, B.
name: Collins, G.
name: Frunzo, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 92D25, 35R35, 35Lxx

description: A multiscale mathematical model is presented to describe the de novo granulation and the evolution of multispecies granular biofilms within a continuous reactor. The granule is modelled as a spherical free boundary domain with radial symmetry. The equation which governs the free boundary is derived from global mass balance considerations and takes into account the growth of sessile biomass and the exchange fluxes with the bulk liquid. Starting from a vanishing initial value, the expansion of the free boundary is initiated by the attachment process, which depends on the microbial species concentrations within the bulk liquid and their specific attachment velocity. Nonlinear hyperbolic PDEs model the growth of the sessile microbial species, while quasi-linear parabolic PDEs govern the dynamics of substrates and invading species within the granular biofilm. Nonlinear ODEs govern the evolution of soluble substrates and planktonic biomass within the bulk liquid. The model is applied to an anaerobic granular-based system and solved numerically to test its qualitative behaviour and explore the main aspects of de novo anaerobic granulation: ecology, biomass distribution, relative abundance, dimensional evolution of the granules and soluble substrates and planktonic biomass dynamics within the reactor. The numerical results confirm that the model accurately describes the ecology and the concentrically-layered structure of anaerobic granules observed experimentally, and is able to predict the effects of some significant factors, such as influent wastewater composition, granulation properties of planktonic biomass, biomass density and hydrodynamic and shear stress conditions, on the process performance.
description: 41 pages, 21 figures, preprint version
HiDeNN-PGD: reduced-order hierarchical deep learning neural networks
Creators: name: Zhang, Lei
name: Lu, Ye
name: Tang, Shaoqiang
name: Liu, Wing Kam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a proper generalized decomposition (PGD) based reduced-order model of hierarchical deep-learning neural networks (HiDeNN). The proposed HiDeNN-PGD method keeps both advantages of HiDeNN and PGD methods. The automatic mesh adaptivity makes the HiDeNN-PGD more accurate than the finite element method (FEM) and conventional PGD, using a fraction of the FEM degrees of freedom. The accuracy and convergence of the method have been studied theoretically and numerically, with a comparison to different methods, including FEM, PGD, HiDeNN and Deep Neural Networks. In addition, we theoretically showed that the PGD converges to FEM at increasing modes, and the PGD error is a direct sum of the FEM error and the mode reduction error. The proposed HiDeNN-PGD performs high accuracy with orders of magnitude fewer degrees of freedom, which shows a high potential to achieve fast computations with a high level of accuracy for large-size engineering problems.
description: 35 pages, 12 figures
Luffariella koreana Sim & Lee & Kim 2017, n. sp.
Creators: name: Sim, Chung Ja
name: Lee, Kyung Jin
name: Kim, Young A
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Dictyoceratida
Thorectidae
Luffariella
Luffariella koreana

description: Luffariella koreana n. sp. (Figs. 2, 3)
Type specimen. Holotype (NIBRIV0000305502), Munseom, Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do, 5 Sep 2012, Eom TY, by scuba, depth 10 m, deposited in the NIBR.
Description. Irregular mass with three tube-like branch on sponge side. Size up to 12 × 4.5 cm and branches, 1-2 cm in diameter. Surface covered with thin membrane. Surface conules indistinct. Several vents open over sponge surface. Color in life dirty gray. Texture firm and compressible.
Skeleton: Thin walled tube-like branches consist of dens fibres network with strong collagen. Primary fibres usually uncored, but small part of fibres lightly cored at surface. Near surface, primary fibres arrayed in groups of two or three fibres and connected by secondary fibres in a ladder-like (Fig. 3B). Primary fibres at surface, 80- 350 μm in diameter and 350 μm in diameter at choanosome, irregularly arranged at base of sponge. Secondary fibres, 20-70 μm in diameter. Large meshed regular network, 250-600 μm wide, appeared near surface membrane (Fig. 3A). Primary and secondary fibres network separated from each other. Tertiary fibres, 8-10 μm in diameter, branched out from secondary fibres at choanosome (Fig. 3C).
Etymology. This species is named after the type locality, Korea.
Remarks. This new species is very similar to Luffariella cylindrica Bergquist 1995 and L. variabilis Polajaeff 1884, partly in its arrangement of skeletal structure, but differs in sponge growth form. Growth form of this new species branches out laterally like repent form, but L. cylindrica and L. variabilis are erect form.
description: Published as part of Sim, Chung Ja, Lee, Kyung Jin & Kim, Young A, 2017, Two new species of genus Luffariella (Dictyoceratida: Thorectidae) from Korea, pp. 190-194 in Journal of Species Research 6 (2) on pages 192-194, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2017.6.2.190, http://zenodo.org/record/8120401
An experimental study of excited state level populations in the argon inductively coupled plasma
Creators: name: Walker, Zane Harry
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In an effort to elucidate excitation and ionization of analyte in the inductively coupled plasma, excited state level populations have been determined for three analytes, Fe, Ba, and Cr, from experimentally measured line emission intensities at various rf input powers and spatial positions. Measurement of line intensities was achieved using a 4096 pixel linear photodiode array spectrometer. The photodiode array spectrometer proved to be very advantageous in the collection of data, allowing the simultaneous measurement of line intensities from a wavelength window approximately 50 nm in width. Population plots were constructed from relative level populations for both atom and ion species of the three analytes and their dependence on rf input power was examined. The spatial dependence of the Fel and Fell populations was also studied. Excitation temperatures determined from the atom and ion level populations of Fe, Ba and Cr were examined. The results strongly support the existence of partial local thermodynamic equilibrium in the ICP. Such an equilibrium condition is characterized by an overpopulation of low energy atom levels and the presence of Saha equilibrium between high energy atom levels and the ground state ion. The principal means of analyte excitation and ionization appears to be a result of inelastic electron collisions.
How Temporal Symmetry Defines Morphology in BATSE Gamma-Ray Burst Pulse Light Curves
Creators: name: Hakkila, Jon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present compelling evidence that most gamma-ray burst (GRB) pulse light curves can be characterized by a smooth single-peaked component coupled with a more complex emission structure that is temporally-symmetric around the time of the pulse peak. The model successfully fits 86% of BATSE GRB pulses bright enough for structure properties to be measured. Surprisingly, a GRB pulse's light curve morphology can be accurately predicted by the pulse asymmetry and the stretching/compression needed to align the structural components preceding the temporal mirror with the time-reversed components following it. Such a prediction is only possible because GRB pulses exhibit temporal symmetry. Time-asymmetric pulses include FREDs, rollercoaster pulses, and asymmetric u-pulses, while time-symmetric pulses include u-pulses and crowns. Each morphological type is characterized by specific asymmetries, stretching parameters, durations, and alignments between the smooth and structured components, and a delineation in the asymmetry/stretching distribution suggests that symmetric pulses and asymmetric pulses may belong to separate populations. Furthermore, pulses belonging to the short GRB class exhibit similar morphologies to the long GRB class, but appear to simply occur on shorter timescales.
description: 30 pages, 21 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
sMILES: A Library of Semi-Empirical MILES Stellar Spectra with Variable [$α$/Fe] Abundances
Creators: name: Knowles, Adam T.
name: Sansom, Anne E.
name: Prieto, Carlos Allende
name: Vazdekis, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new library of semi-empirical stellar spectra that is based on the empirical MILES library. A new, high resolution library of theoretical stellar spectra is generated that is specifically designed for use in stellar population studies. We test these models across their full wavelength range against other model libraries and find reasonable agreement in their predictions of spectral changes due to atmospheric $α$-element variations, known as differential corrections. We also test the models against the MILES and MaStar libraries of empirical stellar spectra and also find reasonable agreements, as expected from previous work. We then use the abundance pattern predictions of the new theoretical stellar spectra to differentially correct MILES spectra to create semi-empirical MILES (sMILES) star spectra with abundance patterns that differ from those present in the Milky Way. The final result is 5 families of 801 sMILES stars with [$α$/Fe] abundances ranging from $-$0.20 to 0.60 dex at MILES resolution (FWHM=$2.5\,$Å) and wavelength coverage ($3540.5-7409.6\,$Å). We make the sMILES library publicly available.
description: 26 pages, 18 figures plus Supplementary Material. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Corrected a minor font size error and two figure caption placements from the previous version
The ESO Reticon® System: a detector for the far red with the B&C spectrographs (short  manual and first results)
Creators: name: Dennefeld, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Abstract: This paper, intended for the Messenger in the early 80's (but which did not appear, for unclear reasons...), describes the Reticon detector used at ESO for low dispersion spectroscopy both at the 1.52m and at the 3.60m telescopes. This was the first silicon detector permanently available at La Silla and allowed an exploration of the far-red spectral range, roughly from 0.6 to 1.1

microns.

The practical operations are quickly described, and a few examples of science results given for various type of targets (emission-line stars, nebulae, quasars, etc...). Retrospectively, this was a prefiguration of various science cases, observing techniques and limitations which became later routine with the generalised use of CCD's.
description: Based on ESO technical note IDG 120-79 (1979) and on a draft, unpublished Messenger article (1983)
Influence of carbon nanotubes on the properties of films of polypropylene prepared by film blowing
Creators: name: Iannace, Francesca
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2008

description: The influence of carbon nanotubes on mechanical and bielongational properties of films of polypropylene prepared with film blowing technique were studied. The carbon nanotubes (CNTs) adopted as fillers were contained in a polypropylene pre-compounded with 20 wt% of carbon nanotubes (masterbatches). To investigate on the effect of moelecular and/or carbon nanotube orientation on the mechanical properties of PP, the tensile test were performed eiher on suitable composite sample plates, obtained by pressing the granulated melt- mixed composites, either on film samples.
Furhermore, blown film samples were tested either in the
blow-up direction (BD) either the take -up one (TD). Different response to the tensile tests were displayed by the blown films samples in the two directions of testing as a consequence of the biaxial orientation of molecules (and/or the carbon nanotubes) during the film blowing. Excellent improvement of the mechanical properties (Young’s modulus and strength) for certain weight fractions of CNT of the blown composite films
compared to the neat PP were revealed. Furthermore, the
bubble formation and stability in the film blowing process of PP nanocomposites were correlated to their underlying
rheology, structure, and crystallization behavior.
Material
Creators: name: Schönwälder, Erik
name: Gonsior, Julius
name: Reusch, Anja
name: Hartmann, Claudio
name: Lehner, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460501
subject: Data engineering and data science
classificationCode: 460504
subject: Data quality

description: The ZIP file contains all code, data and models, as well as the necessary descriptions to reproduce the steps presented in the paper.
Understanding partonic energy loss from measured light charged particles and jets in PbPb collisions at LHC energies
Creators: name: Shukla, Prashant
name: Saraswat, Kapil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a comprehensive study of partonic energy loss reflected in the nuclear modification factors of charged particles and jets measured in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 2.76 and 5.02 TeV in wide transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) and centrality range. The $p_{\rm T}$ distributions in pp collisions are fitted with a modified power law and the nuclear modification factor in PbPb collisions can be obtained using effective shift ($Δp_{\rm T}$) in the spectrum measured at different centralities. Driven by physics consideration, the functional form of energy loss given by $Δp_{\rm T}$ can be assumed as power law with different power indices in three different $p_{\rm T}$ regions. The power indices and the boundaries of three $p_{\rm T}$ regions are obtained by fitting the measured nuclear modification factor as a function of $p_{\rm T}$ in all collision centralities simultaneously. The energy loss in different collisions centralities are described in terms of fractional power of number of participants. It is demanded that the power law functions in three $p_T$ regions and their derivatives are continuous at the $p_{\rm T}$ boundaries. The $Δp_{\rm T}$ for light charged particles is found to increase linearly with $p_{\rm T}$ in low $p_{\rm T}$ region below $\sim 5-6$ GeV/$c$ and approaches a constant value in high $p_{\rm T}$ region above $\sim 22-29$ GeV/$c$ with an intermediate power law connecting the two regions. The method is also used for jets and it is found that for jets, the $Δp_{\rm T}$ increases approximately linearly even at very high $p_{\rm T}$.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures
I would if I could but I can't: Different types of non-prototypical Actor arguments are processed in a qualitatively similar manner
Creators: name: Muralikrishnan, R.
name: Schlesewsky, Matthias
name: Bronkessel-Schlesewsky, Ina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: EEG
Auditory ERP study
Tamil
Dative-subjects
Animacy

description: Muralikrishnan, Schlesewsky & Bornkessel-Schlesewsky (2010). Poster presented at the 23rd CUNY Conference on Sentence Processing, NYU, New York, NY, USA.
Normal mode analysis for scalar fields in BTZ black hole background
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Sayan K
name: Giri, Pulak Ranjan
name: Gupta, Kumar S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the possibility of inequivalent boundary conditions for a scalar field propagating in the BTZ black hole space-time. We find that for certain ranges of the black hole parameters, the Klein-Gordon operator admits a one-parameter family of self-adjoint extensions. For this range, the BTZ space-time is not quantum mechanically complete. We suggest a physically motivated method for determining the spectra of the Klein-Gordon operator.
description: 6 pages, no figure, latex
Holomorphic Superspace
Creators: name: Baulieu, Laurent
name: Martin, Alexis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a twisted holomorphic superspace description for the super-Yang-Mills theory, using holomorphic and antiholomorphic decompositions of twisted spinors. We consider the case of the N=1 super-Yang-Mills theory in four dimensions. We solve the constraints in two different manners, without and with a prepotential. This might have further application for an holomorphic superspace description of N=1,d=10 theory. We also explain how the N=1 and N=2 holomorphic superspaces are related.
description: 17 pages, revised version
Cosmological implications of Karolyhazy uncertainty relation
Creators: name: Maziashvili, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Karolyhazy uncertainty relation, which can be viewed also as a relation between UV and IR scales in the framework of an effective quantum field theory satisfying a black hole entropy bound, strongly favors the existence of dark energy with its observed value. Here we estimate the dynamics of dark energy predicted by the Karolyhazy relation during the cosmological evolution of the universe.
description: 4 pages, Version to appear in PLB, a few comments and a reference added
Zhestyatsky at SemEval-2021 Task 2: ReLU over Cosine Similarity for BERT Fine-tuning
Creators: name: Zhestiankin, Boris
name: Ponomareva, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents our contribution to SemEval-2021 Task 2: Multilingual and Cross-lingual Word-in-Context Disambiguation (MCL-WiC). Our experiments cover English (EN-EN) sub-track from the multilingual setting of the task. We experiment with several pre-trained language models and investigate an impact of different top-layers on fine-tuning. We find the combination of Cosine Similarity and ReLU activation leading to the most effective fine-tuning procedure. Our best model results in accuracy 92.7%, which is the fourth-best score in EN-EN sub-track.
description: Accepted to SemEval-2021 at ACL-IJCNLP