cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Current international interdisciplinary practices for assessing the best interests of the child in high conflict divorce worldwide: a scoping review
Creators: name: Laletas, Stella
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: best interest of child
subject: child custody
subject: child custody evaluation and assessment
subject: family court evaluation
subject: family violence and intervention
subject: High conflict divorce
subject: Interdisciplinary practice
subject: parental alienation

description: Assessing the best interests of a child means to evaluate and balance “all the elements necessary to make a decision in a specific situation for a specific individual child or group of children” as stated in Article 3 of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. When assessing children’s best interest in custody cases, it is important to understand the legal, social and psychological issues and considerations that can have an impact on the child’s mental health and well-being. However, the problem is that child custody evaluations are often represented by a tapestry of eclectic approaches, with no systematic or evidence-based protocols for assessment and interventions that support best interest decision making for children and adolescents in the family court system. While inter-disciplinary perspectives (legal, social and psychological) are individually valued in the field, no research has focused on integrating developmental theory and practice-based knowledge to guide practice of judges, lawyers and court-related mental health professionals in determining the best interest of a child. The scoping review conducted aims to bridge theoretical and practical understandings between these complementary fields; and facilitates an important starting point to consolidate and integrate current research to provide a reform platform that advocates the best interests of the child.
"I don't want us to be ashamed anymore": Representations of Latinx Teenage Girls in Young Adult Literature
Creators: name: Sculnick, Sarah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Latinx individuals are part of the youngest and largest minority group in the United States. Despite comprising a large part of the population, Latinx adolescents are largely underrepresented in literature. This content analysis examined twenty young adult books published between 2014, the year that the organization “We Need Diverse Books” was created, and 2017, all of which featured Latinx female protagonists. The study analyzes overarching themes present across the texts, and discusses how representations of Latina teenagers relied upon, or refuted, common stereotypes surrounding that community. It also discusses how representation differed depending on whether or not the authors were members of the Latinx community.
Stability of saddle points via explicit coderivatives of pointwise subdifferentials
Creators: name: Clason, Christian
name: Valkonen, Tuomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive stability criteria for saddle points of a class of nonsmooth optimization problems in Hilbert spaces arising in PDE-constrained optimization, using metric regularity of infinite-dimensional set-valued mappings. A main ingredient is an explicit pointwise characterization of the Fréchet coderivative of the subdifferential of convex integral functionals. This is applied to several stability properties for parameter identification problems for an elliptic partial differential equation with non-differentiable data fitting terms.
Zum Andenken an Karl Manz
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Genossenschaftsdruckerei Zürich
Year: 1918
Subjects: subject: 320 Politikwissenschaft
subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Achern-Gamshurst
subject: Manz, Karl
subject: Zürich

description: Enthält: Nachruf des Genossen Stadtrat Pflüger; Abschiedsworte des Genossen Otto Lang; Freundes-Nachruf; Erinnerung an Karl Manz von Ed. Bernstein
Current quark mass and nonzero-ness of chiral condensates in thermal Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model
Creators: name: Zhou, Bang-Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect that the current quark mass $M_0$ may result in nonzero-ness of chiral condensates is systematically reexamined and analyzed in a two-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model simulating Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) at temperature $T$ and finite quark chemical potential $μ$ without and with electrical neutrality (EN) condition and at any $T$ and $μ$ without EN condition. By means of a quantitative investigation of the order parameter $m$, it is shown that a nonzero $M_0$ is bound to lead to nonzero quark-antiquark condensates throughout chiral phase transitions , no matter whether the order parameter $m$ varies discontinuously or continuously. In fact, a complete disappearance of the quark-antiquark condensates are proven to demand the non-physical and unrealistic conditions $μ\,\geq$ or $\gg\, \sqrt{Λ^2+M_0^2}$ if $T=0$ and finite, or $T\to \infty$ if $μ
description: 16 pages, no figure. ed. A. Reimer ( Nova Science Publishers, Inc. New York, 2010 )
B0Gec/Diofantos: Diophantos first paper release for Zenodo
Creators: name: Gec, Boštjan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This is the same release as First releas: paper version, just that it is supposed to be archived also on Zenodo.

Essential files

For trying out the software, I recommend downloading (instead of all 7GB results) only a few following files in the top folder (where exact_ed.py is located):

exact_ed.py

diophantine_solver.py

doones.py

linear_database_newbl.csv

cores_test.csv

sindy_oeis.py

blacklist.py (redundant, feel free to remove it from the code)

The list above is not checked so please make sure there are no import errors.

Get essential files via git

Optionally use git to automatically download the essential files to try out the method:
git clone -n --depth=1 --filter=tree:0 https://github.com/B0Gec/Diofantos
cd Diofantos
git restore --source HEAD exact_ed.py diophantine_solver.py doones.py cores_test.csv sindy_oeis.py blacklist.py
In the end download linear_database_newbl.csv manually since it is stored as git lfs (large files).

And ignore files under the GitHub "Assets" section.

Simple example

of execution in terminal:

python doones.py --task_id 14 --exper_id output_dir

will produce the output file results/output_file/00014_A000045.txt with similar content:

While total time consumed by now, scale:15/164, seq_id:A000045, order:10 took:
 0.6 seconds, i.e. 0.01 minutes or 0.0 hours.
CORELIST True, SINDy False, GROUND_TRUTH False, SINDy_default True
Library: n, max_order 10, threshold: 0.1

by degree: 1 and order: 2.
A000045:
a(n) = a(n - 2) + a(n - 1)
truth:

  -  checked against website ground truth.
True  -  "manual" check if equation is correct.
Charting the known chemical space for non-aqueous Lithium-air battery electrolyte solvents
Creators: name: Husch, Tamara
name: Korth, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Li-Air battery is a very promising candidate for powering future mobility, but finding a suitable electrolyte solvent for this technology turned out to be a major problem. We present a systematic computational investigation of the known chemical space for possible Li-Air electrolyte solvents. It is shown that the problem of finding better Li-Air electrolyte solvents is not only - as previously suggested - about maximizing Li+ and O2- solubilities, but about finding the optimal balance of these solubilities with the viscosity of the solvent. As our results also show that trial-and-error experiments on known chemicals are unlikely to succeed, full chemical sub-spaces for the most promising compound classes are investigated, and suggestions are made for further experiments. The proposed screening approach is transferable and robust and can readily be applied to optimize electrolytes for other electrochemical devices. It goes beyond the current state-of-the-art both in width (considering the number of compounds screened and the way they are selected), as well as depth (considering the number and complexity of properties included).
description: Supporting Information available from martin.korth@uni-ulm.de
How do freshmen find information orienting themselves in their first year of college? An investigation of the information seeking behaviors of first-year undergraduate students.
Creators: name: Qian, Yuwei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Information seeking behavior (ISB) has been a popular topic to study for researchers in the information field over the years. College students, who are often referred to as millennials, are one of the most studied information user groups. Their academic needs, social life and knowledge of technology have granted them different worldviews and information seeking habits. This study investigates the information seeking behaviors of first-year undergraduate students at UNC in terms of finding orienting information to better adjust to college life.13 undergraduate students currently enrolled at UNC were interviewed in the study. The participants were asked a series of questions about their first-year experiences at UNC. Results indicate some common patterns among freshmen information seeking behaviors, which may then inform the university to provide better information access for future students.
THE BELIEFS OF JAPANESE SCIENCE MAJORS ON LEARNING ENGLISH AND THE INFLUENCE OF COMMUNICATION IN STUDENT PERSONAL NETWORKS
Creators: name: LUTES, PETER GERALD
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: English is the lingua franca in academia, business and international relations, and as such can act as gatekeeper to opportunities in the increasingly globalized world. The importance of English language competence is difficult to overstate. Consequently, English language education has been an important area of focus in education. In Japan, learning English as a second language has proven to be a difficult challenge for learners in spite of the extensive educational resources made available. Success in language learning has been linked to learner beliefs, a key affective factor, and since learner beliefs influence learner behaviors, they may impact language learning success. Therefore, the language learning beliefs of unsuccessful language learners and successful language learners, as determined by standardized testing, were investigated. Following this, the impact of student personal communication networks on the language learning beliefs of the successful language learners were examined in focused interviews. Participants shared beliefs, but also differed significantly in some beliefs according to their success as language learners in five groupings of beliefs: (1) foreign language aptitude; (2) the difficulty of language learning; (3) the nature of language learning; (4) learning and communication strategy; and (5) motivation. This study found that the unsuccessful learners blamed the lack of success to outside factors that were beyond their control, did not expect to succeed, relied on traditional ways of learning and were passive learners. Successful language learners used non-traditional learning styles, made opportunities to use the language, and took responsibility for their learning and expected to succeed. Two successful learners, Fumiko and Masahiro, had their learner beliefs influenced by their student personal networks through face-to-face communication, SNS software, and Facebook communication. These communications led to increased motivation, self-awareness in language learning, and provided more opportunities to use language. Beliefs can influence behaviors, and behaviors, in turn, can influence outcomes. The socially created knowledge in personal communication networks can lead to beliefs that encourage good learner behaviors, and student personal communication networks play an important role in helping students achieve language learning success. This study identifies a correlation between student beliefs and English language learning successes in Japanese non-English majors in Japan. Furthermore, it shows
 that for two of the successful language learners, student persona communication networks played an important role in influencing their beliefs.
Visualizing U.S. Animal Shelter Outcomes
Creators: name: Dolling, Carmen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: This paper introduces the ShelterViz web app, an interactive visualization platform developed to make U.S. animal shelter and rescue data accessible and easy to explore. Using a dataset provided by the nonprofit organization Shelter Animals Count, the ShelterViz project allows users to manipulate more than 100 different intake and outcome statistics collected from over 4,000 shelters and rescues across the United States.

This research project employed a design-study methodology as well as approaches grounded in visual analytics and user-centered design. The website was developed using HTML5, CSS, Javascript, and D3.js. The results of the usability testing indicate support for the project and its potential to help shelter and rescue organizations to better understand the impacts of various factors on animal outcomes, recognize trends in their data over time, and ultimately take steps to improve animal welfare.
Nonlinear diffusion equations and curvature conditions in metric measure spaces
Creators: name: Ambrosio, Luigi
name: Mondino, Andrea
name: Savaré, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49Q20, 47D07, 30L99

description: Aim of this paper is to provide new characterizations of the curvature dimension condition in the context of metric measure spaces (X,d,m). On the geometric side, our new approach takes into account suitable weighted action functionals which provide the natural modulus of K-convexity when one investigates the convexity properties of N-dimensional entropies. On the side of diffusion semigroups and evolution variational inequalities, our new approach uses the nonlinear diffusion semigroup induced by the N-dimensional entropy, in place of the heat flow. Under suitable assumptions (most notably the quadraticity of Cheeger's energy relative to the metric measure structure) both approaches are shown to be equivalent to the strong CD*(K,N) condition of Bacher-Sturm.
description: 115 pages. Minor typos corrected and many small improvements added. Thm. 3.4, Lemma 5.4, Thm. 9.15, Thm. 9.21, Lemma 12.2, Lemma 12.4, Thm. 12.7, Thm. 12.8, Lemma 12.11 augmented/reenforced. Thm. 3.6, Sec. 5.6, Lemma 5.5 added
Systematic Review of individual reading comprehension interventions for adolescents
Creators: name: Kustova, Tatiana
name: Logvinenko, Tatiana
name: Otstavnov, Nikita
name: Arakelyan, Irina
name: Lind, Katerina
name: Streltsova, Anastasiia
name: Khenis, Alexandra Berlin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Reading and Language
subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: one-on-one interventions
subject: reading
subject: adolescents
subject: digital interventions
subject: reading comprehension

description: This preregistration contains protocol and files associated with the systematic review titled "Individual interventions for reading comprehension in secondary school students: a systematic review with the best evidence synthesis". The review aims to (1) describe available quantitative studies of individual reading interventions for secondary school students, implemented either in digital format or in one-on-one format; (2) evaluate the effectiveness of identified individual reading interventions in improving reading outcomes for secondary school; (3) identify features of individual reading interventions that are associated with improved outcomes for secondary school students.
Why the laser linewidth is so narrow: A modern perspective
Creators: name: Cerjan, Alexander
name: Stone, A. Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review and interpret a modern approach to laser theory, steady-state ab initio laser theory (SALT), which treats lasing and amplification in a unified manner as a non-unitary scattering problem described by a non-linear scattering matrix. Within the semiclassical version of the theory the laser line has zero width as the lasing mode corresponds to the existence of an eigenvector of the S-matrix with diverging eigenvalue due to the occurrence of a pole of the scattering matrix on the real axis. In this approach the system is infinite from the outset and no distinction is made between cavity modes and modes of the universe; lasing modes exist both in the cavity and in the external region as solutions satisfying Sommerfeld radiation boundary conditions. We discuss how such solutions can be obtained by a limiting procedure in a finite box with damping according to the limiting absorption principle. When the electromagnetic and matter fields are treated as operators, quantum fluctuations enter the relevant correlation functions and a finite linewidth is obtained, via a generalization of SALT to include noise (N-SALT). N-SALT leads to an analytic formula for the linewidth that is more general than all previous corrected versions of the Schawlow-Townes formula, and can be evaluated simply from knowledge of the semiclassical SALT modes. We derive a simpler version of this formula which emphasizes that the noise is dominated by the fluctuations in the polarization of the gain medium and is controlled by the rate of spontaneous emission.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, invited contribution to Physica Scripta's focus issue on Quantum Optics in the International Year of Light
The Role of Graduate-Level Archival Education in Preparing Archivists
Creators: name: Werner, Courtney
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: This study describes a questionnaire survey of archivists currently working in their first professional position after graduating from an archival master’s program.The survey was conducted to determine how prepared the archivists felt starting their current roles, the types of institutions archivists are working in, and what factors contributed to feelings of preparedness. The survey responses demonstrated the range of opinions and experiences of archivists who have graduated from programs throughout the country. The levels of preparedness felt by archivists vary, but generally show that most feel prepared enough to transition from student to professional archivist after graduating from an archival master’s program.
GRB 131014A: a Laboratory to Study the Thermal-Like and Non-Thermal Emissions in Gamma-Ray Bursts, and the new L$_\mathrm{i}^\mathrm{nTh}$-E$_\mathrm{peak,i}^\mathrm{nTh,rest}$ relation
Creators: name: Guiriec, S.
name: Mochkovitch, R.
name: Piran, T.
name: Daigne, F.
name: Kouveliotou, C.
name: Racusin, J.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: McEnery, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evidence has been accumulated on the existence of a thermal-like component during the prompt phase of GRBs. This component, often associated with the GRB jet's photosphere, is usually subdominant compared to a much stronger non-thermal one. The prompt emission of Fermi GRB 131014A provides a unique opportunity to study this thermal-like component. Indeed, the thermal emission in GRB 131014A is much more intense than in other GRBs and a pure thermal episode is observed during the initial 0.16 s. The thermal-like component cools monotonically during the first second while the non-thermal emission kicks off. The intensity of the non-thermal component progressively increases until being energetically dominant at late time. This is a perfect scenario to disentangle the thermal component from the non-thermal one. A low-energy spectral index of +0.6 better fit the thermal component than the typical index value +1 corresponding to a pure Planck function. The non-thermal component is adequately fitted with a Band function whose low and high energy power law indices are ~-0.7 and
description: 13 pages of article including 9 figures + 13 pages of Appendix (1 figure and 1 table), Submitted to ApJ (Received July 23, 2015)
Kempe's Universality Theorem for Rational Space Curves
Creators: name: Li, Zijia
name: Schicho, Josef
name: Schröcker, Hans-Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70B05, 13F20, 65D17, 68U07

description: We prove that every bounded rational space curve of degree d and circularity c can be drawn by a linkage with 9/2 d - 6c + 1 revolute joints. Our proof is based on two ingredients. The first one is the factorization theory of motion polynomials. The second one is the construction of a motion polynomial of minimum degree with given orbit. Our proof also gives the explicity construction of the linkage.
description: The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10208-017-9348-x
Hg and MeHg speciation in the Scheldt Estuary and Belgian Part of the North Sea (BPNS) sediments
Creators: name: Ma, Tianhui
name: Perrot, Vincent
name: Leermakers, Martine
name: Gao, Yue
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Abstract or the oral presentation at the 15th International Symposium on the Interactions Between Sediments and Water (IASWS) conference.
Avoiding Tokamak disruptions by applying static magnetic fields that align locked modes with stabilizing wave-driven currents
Creators: name: Volpe, F. A.
name: Hyatt, A.
name: La Haye, R. J.
name: Lanctot, M. J.
name: Lohr, J.
name: Prater, R.
name: Strait, E. J.
name: Welander, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-rotating (`locked') magnetic islands often lead to complete losses of confinement in tokamak plasmas, called major disruptions. Here locked islands were suppressed for the first time, by a combination of applied three-dimensional magnetic fields and injected millimetre waves. The applied fields were used to control the phase of locking and so align the island O-point with the region where the injected waves generated non-inductive currents. This resulted in stabilization of the locked island, disruption avoidance, recovery of high confinement and high pressure, in accordance with the expected dependencies upon wave power and relative phase between O-point and driven current.
description: 4 figures
The Museum Experience: Comparing Art Insiders’ and Art Outsiders’ Experience of the African Art Gallery at the Ackland Art Museum
Creators: name: Bush, Kristina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: This study explores the implications of how a museum gallery is organized on visitors’ experience in that gallery. The visitors in this case were art insiders, or Art History Masters candidates, and art outsiders, Library and Information Science Masters candidates. Interviews were conducted to understand their experience in the African Art Gallery of the Ackland Art Museum and how the arrangement of the objects and information provided in the gallery impacted that experience.Much work has been done about the display of non-Western objects in the context of Western encyclopedic museums. However, few have interviewed visitors to see how they feel while in the museum. The Ackland Art Museum installed the African Art Gallery in December as part of a larger reorganization of the museum’s permanent collection galleries. This study assesses this reinstallation and provides information that could be used to improve the African Art Gallery.
COVID-19 Narratives Effect on Prosocial, Policy, and Health Outcomes
Creators: name: Andrews, Mary
name: Moore-Berg, Samantha
name: Mattan, Bradley
name: Pei, Rui
name: Falk, Emily
name: Hameiri, Boaz
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: We will test if reading firsthand experiential stories of people who are vulnerable during the COVID-19 outbreak will lead to greater transportation into the message and intention to share the message on social media compared to expository messages detailing similar information. We will then test whether message format has an indirect effect through transportation on beliefs about vulnerable groups and intentions to engage prosocial behaviors that benefit people who are especially vulnerable during this outbreak.
7 Ocean Data Things: A Self-Guided Course. [TRAINING COURSE]
Creators: name: Schwanak, Sam
name: Baccardax-Westcott, Alexi
name: Fitzsimmons, Shayla
name: Molloy, Shen
name: Smit, Michael
Publisher: name: UNESCO/IOC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Training
subject: Early career researchers
subject: Ocean Data for People and the Economy
subject: Introduction to Data Management
subject: Data Management Plans
subject: Data in the Research Lifecycle
subject: Ocean Publishers and Funders
subject: Data Literacy
subject: Data Interviews
subject: Data Discovery
subject: Data Sharing
subject: CARE
subject: Creation and Preservation of Data
subject: Citation Culture
subject: Data Licensing
subject: Controlled Vocabulary
subject: Metadata
subject: Walk the Crosswalk
subject: Identifiers and Linked Data
subject: Dirty Data
subject: ECOPs
subject: Training Course
subject: Cross-discipline
subject: Data management planning and strategy development

description: The 7 Ocean Data Things project is based on 23 Data Things by Helene Blowers, but given an Ocean Data context for early career researchers. The 7 Ocean Data Things project is a self guided course, part of CIOOS’ Data Champions Start Early program (funded by the Digital Research Alliance of Canada). It aims to introduce early career researchers to data concepts ranging from as simple as “What is data?” all the way through to each part of a data management plan. Data shapes our world and our oceans. As we continue to study the ocean and create projects that will bring us into the future, we need to have plans for that data to ensure its longevity and reuse. Not only is this best practice to ensure an efficient project, but the Tri-Agency of Canada is moving forward in the future to mandate Data Management Plans as essential parts of ethical research. Improving research is the main impetus behind this course, as that will improve FAIR outcomes.
Integrating agroforestry into regenerative farming systems using living labs: the REFOREST project
Creators: name: Cooper, Julia
name: Bickler, Charlotte
name: Tosh, Colin
name: Caldbeck, Janie
name: Simonson, Will
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Agroforestry
Living laboratory
Europe
Agriculture
Biodiversity
Carbon

description: A poster describing the role of living labs in the Horizon Europe REFOREST project.
UV Surface Environment of Earth-like Planets Orbiting FGKM Stars Through Geological Evolution
Creators: name: Rugheimer, S.
name: Segura, A.
name: Kaltenegger, L.
name: Sasselov, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The UV environment of a host star affects the photochemistry in the atmosphere, and ultimately the surface UV environment for terrestrial planets and therefore the conditions for the origin and evolution of life. We model the surface UV radiation environment for Earth-sized planets orbiting FGKM stars at the 1AU equivalent distance for Earth through its geological evolution. We explore four different types of atmospheres corresponding to an early Earth atmosphere at 3.9 Gyr ago and three atmospheres covering the rise of oxygen to present day levels at 2.0 Gyr ago, 0.8 Gyr ago and modern Earth (Following Kaltenegger et al. 2007). In addition to calculating the UV flux on the surface of the planet, we model the biologically effective irradiance, using DNA damage as a proxy for biological damage. We find that a pre-biotic Earth (3.9 Gyr ago) orbiting an F0V star receives 6 times the biologically effective radiation as around the early Sun and 3520 times the modern Earth-Sun levels. A pre-biotic Earth orbiting GJ 581 (M3.5V) receives 300 times less biologically effective radiation, about 2 times modern Earth-Sun levels. The UV fluxes calculated here provide a grid of model UV environments during the evolution of an Earth-like planet orbiting a range of stars. These models can be used as inputs into photo-biological experiments and for pre-biotic chemistry and early life evolution experiments.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Magnetic torque anomaly in the quantum limit of the Weyl semi-metal NbAs
Creators: name: Moll, Philip J. W.
name: Potter, Andrew C.
name: Ramshaw, Brad
name: Modic, Kimberly
name: Riggs, Scott
name: Zeng, Bin
name: Ghimire, Nirmal J.
name: Bauer, Eric D.
name: Kealhofer, Robert
name: Nair, Nityan
name: Ronning, Filip
name: Analytis, James G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrons in materials with linear dispersion behave as massless Weyl- or Dirac-quasiparticles, and continue to intrigue physicists due to their close resemblance to elusive ultra-relativistic particles as well as their potential for future electronics. Yet the experimental signatures of Weyl-fermions are often subtle and indirect, in particular if they coexist with conventional, massive quasiparticles. Here we report a large anomaly in the magnetic torque of the Weyl semi-metal NbAs upon entering the "quantum limit" state in high magnetic fields, where topological corrections to the energy spectrum become dominant. The quantum limit torque displays a striking change in sign, signaling a reversal of the magnetic anisotropy that can be directly attributed to the topological properties of the Weyl semi-metal. Our results establish that anomalous quantum limit torque measurements provide a simple experimental method to identify Weyl- and Dirac- semi-metals.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Public attitudes towards algorithmic personalization and data collection online: Evidence from Germany, Great Britain, and the US
Creators: name: Kozyreva, Anastasia
name: Lorenz-Spreen, Philipp
name: Hertwig, Ralph
name: Lewandowsky, Stephan
name: Herzog, Stefan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Science and Technology Studies
subject: Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: artificial intelligence

description: v1.0 of the project
Overloaded in the ICU: Measuring Information Overload in Critical Care Physicians at UNC Hospital
Creators: name: Ottmar, Paige
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: This study describes a questionnaire and simulation study of physicians working in the Intensive Care Unit at University of North Carolina Health Care. The questionnaires were employed to determine physicians’ overall perceived feelings of information overload, satisfaction, and usability of Electronic Health Records, as well as to determine if differences exist between groups. The simulation study was conducted to determine physiological signs of information overload and its effect on task performance.  Twenty-five physicians completed the questionnaires and the simulation study. Overall, physicians reported high levels of perceived information overload, with males reporting significantly higher overload than females. Additionally, pupillometry data suggested that almost all physicians experienced information overload at least once during the simulation study. Though information overload did not affect accuracy, results suggest that it made physicians significantly less efficient. Future studies are needed on the gap between subjective and objective measures of information overload.
Limits on Planet Formation Around Young Pulsars and Implications for Supernova Fallback Disks
Creators: name: Kerr, Matthew
name: Johnston, Simon
name: Hobbs, George
name: Shannon, Ryan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have searched a sample of 151 young, energetic pulsars for periodic variation in pulse time-of-arrival arising from the influence of planetary companions. We are sensitive to objects with masses two orders of magnitude lower than those detectable with optical transit timing, but we find no compelling evidence for pulsar planets. For the older pulsars most likely to host planets, we can rule out Mercury analogues in one third of our sample and planets with masses $>0.4 M_{\oplus}$ and periods $P_b<1$ yr in all but 5% of such systems. If pulsar planets form primarily from supernova fallback disks, these limits imply that such disks do not form, are confined to $<0.1$ AU radii, are disrupted, or form planets more slowly ($>2$ Myr) than their protoplanetary counterparts.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted to ApJL
title: Cognitive-motor multitasking in older adults: a randomized controlled study on the effects of individual differences on training success
Creators: name: Mack, Melanie
name: Stojan, Robert
name: Bock, Otmar
name: Voelcker-Rehage, Claudia
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 790 Recreational and performing arts
subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Background: Multitasking is an essential part of our everyday life, but performance declines typically in older age. Many studies have investigated the beneficial effects of cognitive, motor and combined cognitive-motor training on multitasking performance in older adults. Previous work, however, has not regarded interindividual differences in cognitive functioning and motor fitness that may affect training benefits. The current study aims to identify whether different training programs may have differential effects on multitasking performance depending on the initial level of cognitive functioning and motor fitness. Methods: We conduct a 12-week single-blinded randomized controlled trial. A total of N = 150 healthy older adults are assigned to either a single cognitive, a single motor, or a simultaneous cognitive-motor training. Participants are trained twice per week for 45 min. A comprehensive test battery assesses cognitive functions, motor and cardiovascular fitness, and realistic multitasking during walking and driving in two virtual environments. We evaluate how multitasking performance is related not only to the training program, but also to participants’ initial levels of cognitive functioning and motor fitness. Discussion: We expect that multitasking performance in participants with lower initial competence in either one or both domains (cognitive functioning, motor fitness) benefits more from single-task training (cognitive training and/or motor training). In contrast, multitasking performance in participants with higher competence in both domains should benefit more from multitask training (simultaneous cognitive-motor training). The results may help to identify whether tailored training is favorable over standardized one-size-fits all training approaches to improve multitasking in older adults. In addition, our findings will advance the understanding of factors that influence training effects on multitasking. Trial registration: DRKS (German Clinical Trials Register), DRKS00022407. Registered 26/08/2020 - Retrospectively registered at https://www.drks.de/drks_web/setLocale_EN.do
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
Agentic Self-regulation as a Function of Religious Prescriptive Principles in the Hierarchical Moral Thriving
Creators: name: Gjo, Nan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Cultural Anthropology
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Experimental Analysis of Behavior
subject: Quantitative Psychology
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Agentic Self-regulation
subject: Christianity
subject: Cultural & Indigenous Psychology
subject: Delayed gratification
subject: Merit-making
subject: Moral Cognition
subject: Moral Decision-making
subject: Moral Sanctity
subject: Myanmar Religious Communities
subject: Prescriptive Motivation
subject: Prosociality
subject: Religious Behaviours
subject: Religious Experimental Priming Method
subject: Religious Goal Orientation
subject: Religious Prescriptive Principles
subject: Religious Task-engagement
subject: Theravada Buddhism
subject: Victoria University of Wellington

description: The current study investigates whether explicit religious primes have an influence on individuals’ religious belief system and the related agentic self-regulatory processes that implicate in the cognition and behavioural conducts relevant to the domain of moral sanctity/purity, especially in the existentially insecure environments. Introjected and identified regulations are two types of religious internalisation, and represent meaningful reasons why individuals engage in religious behaviours (Ryan, Rigby, & King, 1993). We also, therefore, analyse whether the manifestations of agentic self-regulation motivated by religious prescriptive principles differ as a function of these two types of religious internalisation. Using a free-listing method, the study also examines the qualitative understanding of how these individuals describe three key psychological concepts: morality, religiosity and sanctity.
anQCD: Fortran programs for couplings at complex momenta in various analytic QCD models
Creators: name: Ayala, Cesar
name: Cvetic, Gorazd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide three Fortran programs which evaluate the QCD analytic (holomorphic) couplings $\mathcal{A}_ν(Q^2)$ for complex or real squared momenta $Q^2$. These couplings are holomorphic analogs of the powers $a(Q^2)^ν$ of the underlying perturbative QCD (pQCD) coupling $a(Q^2) \equiv α_s(Q^2)/π$, in three analytic QCD models (anQCD): Fractional Analytic Perturbation Theory (FAPT), Two-delta analytic QCD (2$δ$anQCD), and Massive Perturbation Theory (MPT). The index $ν$ can be noninteger. The provided programs do basically the same job as the Mathematica package anQCD.m in Mathematica published by us previously, Ref.[1], but are now written in Fortran.
description: 7 pages; the programs can be downloaded from the web page gcvetic.usm.cl
The Role of Risk Perceptions and Affective Consequences in COVID-19 Protective Behaviors
Creators: name: Alegria, Katie
name: Fleszar, Sara
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Communication
subject: Health Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration
subject: Health Communication
subject: Mental and Social Health
subject: Community Health
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Investigating the relationship between illness risk representations and social distancing and hygiene behaviors associated with COVID-19
The Standardisation and Sequencing of Solar Eclipse Images for the Eclipse Megamovie Project
Creators: name: Krista, Larisza
name: McIntosh, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new tool, the Solar Eclipse Image Standardisation and Sequencing (SEISS), developed to process multi-source total solar eclipse images by adjusting them to the same standard of size, resolution, and orientation. Furthermore, by analysing the eclipse images we can determine the relative time between the observations and order them to create a movie of the observed total solar eclipse sequence. We successfully processed images taken at the 14 November 2012 total solar eclipse that occurred in Queensland, Australia, and created a short eclipse proto-movie. The SEISS tool was developed for the Eclipse Megamovie Project (EMP: https://www.eclipsemegamovie.org), with the goal of processing thousands of images taken by the public during solar eclipse events. EMP is a collaboration among multiple institutes aiming to engage and advance the public interest in solar eclipses and the science of the Sun-Earth connection.
Software Emulation and the Video Game Community: A Web Content Analysis of User Needs
Creators: name: Bevis, Spencer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: In the past decade, archives have utilized emulation to preserve older pieces of software including video games and make them accessible to patrons. However, recent literature neglects user needs for emulated software in archives. Using web content analysis, this study examines the text of nearly 1,200 online comments, threads, and forum posts about software emulation from four different websites. The findings suggest that audiences are keenly aware of software emulation but not of emulation as a way to preserve video games. It also found that user needs are often unique or even contradictory, and much user attention is paid to the visual quality of emulation systems as well as the quality of the emulated experience. The author suggests a number of policy proposals for libraries and archives that argue greater public input is necessary in the creation and development of systems that preserve software through the process of emulation.
title: Working Longer, Working Stronger? The Forward-Looking Effects of Increasing the Retirement Age on (Un)employment Behaviour
Creators: name: Gohl, Niklas
Publisher: name: Hertie School
Year: 2023

description: Leveraging two cohort-specific pension reforms, this paper estimates the forward-looking effects of an exogenous increase in the working horizon on (un)employment behaviour for individuals with a long remaining statutory working life. Using difference-in-differences and regression discontinuity approaches based on administrative and survey data, I show that a longer legal working horizon increases individuals’ subjective expectations about the length of their work life, raises the probability of employment, decreases the probability of unemployment, and increases the intensity of job search among the unemployed. Heterogeneity analyses show that the demonstrated employment effects are strongest for women and in occupations with comparatively low physical intensity, i.e., occupations that can be performed at older ages.
Effect of UV Radiation on the Spectral Fingerprints of Earth-like Planets Orbiting M dwarfs
Creators: name: Rugheimer, S.
name: Kaltenegger, L.
name: Segura, A.
name: Linsky, J.
name: Mohanty, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the atmospheres and spectra of Earth-like planets orbiting the entire grid of M dwarfs for active and inactive stellar models with $T_{eff}$ = 2300K to $T_{eff}$ = 3800K and for six observed MUSCLES M dwarfs with UV radiation data. We set the Earth-like planets at the 1AU equivalent distance and show spectra from the VIS to IR (0.4$μ$m - 20$μ$m) to compare detectability of features in different wavelength ranges with JWST and other future ground- and spaced-based missions to characterize exo-Earths. We focus on the effect of UV activity levels on detectable atmospheric features that indicate habitability on Earth, namely: H$_2$O, O$_3$, CH$_4$, N$_2$O and CH$_3$Cl. To observe signatures of life - O$_2$/O$_3$ in combination with reducing species like CH$_4$, we find that early and active M dwarfs are the best targets of the M star grid for future telescopes. The O$_2$ spectral feature at 0.76$μ$m is increasingly difficult to detect in reflected light of later M dwarfs due to low stellar flux in that wavelength region. N$_2$O, another biosignature detectable in the IR, builds up to observable concentrations in our planetary models around M dwarfs with low UV flux. CH$_3$Cl could become detectable, depending on the depth of the overlapping N$_2$O feature. We present a spectral database of Earth-like planets around cool stars for directly imaged planets as a framework for interpreting future lightcurves, direct imaging, and secondary eclipse measurements of the atmospheres of terrestrial planets in the HZ to design and assess future telescope capabilities.
description: in press, ApJ (submitted August 18, 2014), 16 pages, 12 figures
title: The ‘proper means of efficient nautical education’? The Liverpool Nautical College (1892-1900) and the late-Victorian port city.
Creators: name: Turnbull, W
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2023

description: From this research the LNC (1892-1900) emerges as a fragile, tenuous, fledgling experiment in designing and delivering an innovate programme of nautical education. I show that it formed a divisive political issue amongst the various maritime communities in late-Victorian Liverpool, disrupting the status quo. It was launched with ambitious goals in relation to widening access, innovative delivery and raising educational standards; each of which proved challenging and remained unfulfilled in the LNC’s first decade. Yet the LNC survived, adapted and thrives today as a constituent element of Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU). Situated at the junction between maritime, educational, institutional and Liverpool history, this study of the early years of the LNC contributes new intellectual inquiry into each of these various fields. It offers a useful test of the innovative approach upon which it is based and it foregrounds a hitherto lost chapter in the history of a local community which has long been characterised by its relationship to the port and maritime trade. This study therefore illustrates and evaluates the impact of the LNC on the city of Liverpool, its institutions and people.