cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A semi-implicit hybrid finite volume / finite element scheme for all Mach number flows on staggered unstructured meshes
Creators: name: Busto, Saray
name: Río-Martín, Laura
name: Vázquez-Cendón, María Elena
name: Dumbser, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper a new hybrid semi-implicit finite volume / finite element (FV/FE) scheme is presented for the numerical solution of the compressible Euler and Navier-Stokes equations at all Mach numbers on unstructured staggered meshes in two and three space dimensions. The chosen grid arrangement consists of a primal simplex mesh composed of triangles or tetrahedra, and an edge-based / face-based staggered dual mesh. The governing equations are discretized in conservation form. The nonlinear convective terms of the equations, as well as the viscous stress tensor and the heat flux, are discretized on the dual mesh at the aid of an explicit local ADER finite volume scheme, while the implicit pressure terms are discretized at the aid of a continuous $\mathbb{P}^{1}$ finite element method on the nodes of the primal mesh. In the zero Mach number limit, the new scheme automatically reduces to the hybrid FV/FE approach forwarded in \cite{BFTVC17} for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. As such, the method is asymptotically consistent with the incompressible limit of the governing equations and can therefore be applied to flows at all Mach numbers. Due to the chosen semi-implicit discretization, the CFL restriction on the time step is only based on the magnitude of the flow velocity and not on the sound speed, hence the method is computationally efficient at low Mach numbers. In the chosen discretization, the only unknown is the scalar pressure field at the new time step. Furthermore, the resulting pressure system is symmetric and positive definite and can therefore be very efficiently solved with a matrix-free conjugate gradient method. In order to assess the capabilities of the new scheme, we show computational results for a large set of benchmark problems that range from the quasi incompressible low Mach number regime to compressible flows with shock waves.
Tensor product methods and entanglement optimization for ab initio quantum chemistry
Creators: name: Szalay, Szilárd
name: Pfeffer, Max
name: Murg, Valentin
name: Barcza, Gergely
name: Verstraete, Frank
name: Schneider, Reinhold
name: Legeza, Örs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The treatment of high-dimensional problems such as the Schrödinger equation can be approached by concepts of tensor product approximation. We present general techniques that can be used for the treatment of high-dimensional optimization tasks and time-dependent equations, and connect them to concepts already used in many-body quantum physics. Based on achievements from the past decade, entanglement-based methods, -- developed from different perspectives for different purposes in distinct communities already matured to provide a variety of tools -- can be combined to attack highly challenging problems in quantum chemistry. The aim of the present paper is to give a pedagogical introduction to the theoretical background of this novel field and demonstrate the underlying benefits through numerical applications on a text book example. Among the various optimization tasks we will discuss only those which are connected to a controlled manipulation of the entanglement which is in fact the key ingredient of the methods considered in the paper. The selected topics will be covered according to a series of lectures given on the topic "New wavefunction methods and entanglement optimizations in quantum chemistry" at the Workshop on Theoretical Chemistry, 18 - 21 February 2014, Mariapfarr, Austria.
description: Tutorial-review paper, 107 pages, 44 figures, 277 references. Comments are welcome
Tess hunt for young and maturing exoplanets (thyme). II. a 17 myr old transiting hot jupiter in the sco-cen association
Creators: name: Tofflemire, B.M.
name: Quinn, S.N.
name: Newton, E.R.
name: Vanderburg, A.
name: Briceño, C.
name: Wood, M.L.
name: Zhou, G.
name: Rizzuto, A.C.
name: Thao, P.C.
name: Kraus, A.L.
name: Law, N.M.
name: Mann, A.W.
name: Ziegler, C.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2020

description: We present the discovery of a transiting hot Jupiter orbiting HIP 67522 (T eff ∼ 5650 K; M ∗ ∼ 1.2M o˙) in the 10-20 Myr old Sco-Cen OB association. We identified the transits in the TESS data using our custom notch filter planet search pipeline and characterize the system with additional photometry from Spitzer; spectroscopy from SOAR/Goodman, SALT/HRS, LCOGT/NRES, and SMARTS/CHIRON; and speckle imaging from SOAR/HRCam. We model the photometry as a periodic Gaussian process with transits to account for stellar variability and find an orbital period of 6.9596+0.0000150-000016days and radius of10.02-0.53+0.54R⊕. We also identify a single transit of an additional candidate planet with radius 8.01-0.710.75R ⊕ that has an orbital period of ⪆23 days. The validated planet HIP 67522b is currently the youngest transiting hot Jupiter discovered and is an ideal candidate for transmission spectroscopy and radial velocity follow-up studies, while also demonstrating that some young giant planets either form in situ at small orbital radii or else migrate promptly from formation sites farther out in the disk.
On thermodynamically compatible finite volume schemes for continuum mechanics
Creators: name: Busto, Saray
name: Dumbser, Michael
name: Peshkov, Ilya
name: Romenski, Evgeniy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we present a new family of semi-discrete and fully-discrete finite volume schemes for overdetermined, hyperbolic and thermodynamically compatible PDE systems. In the following we will denote these methods as HTC schemes. In particular, we consider the Euler equations of compressible gasdynamics, as well as the more complex Godunov-Peshkov-Romenski (GPR) model of continuum mechanics, which, at the aid of suitable relaxation source terms, is able to describe nonlinear elasto-plastic solids at large deformations as well as viscous fluids as two special cases of a more general first order hyperbolic model of continuum mechanics. The main novelty of the schemes presented in this paper lies in the fact that we solve the \textit{entropy inequality} as a primary evolution equation rather than the usual total energy conservation law. Instead, total energy conservation is achieved as a mere consequence of a thermodynamically compatible discretization of all the other equations. For this, we first construct a discrete framework for the compressible Euler equations that mimics the continuous framework of Godunov's seminal paper \textit{An interesting class of quasilinear systems} of 1961 \textit{exactly} at the discrete level. All other terms in the governing equations of the more general GPR model, including non-conservative products, are judiciously discretized in order to achieve discrete thermodynamic compatibility, with the exact conservation of total energy density as a direct consequence of all the other equations. As a result, the HTC schemes proposed in this paper are provably marginally stable in the energy norm and satisfy a discrete entropy inequality by construction. We show some computational results obtained with HTC schemes in one and two space dimensions, considering both the fluid limit as well as the solid limit of the governing partial differential equations.
Observational constraints on a logarithmic scalar field dark energy model and black hole mass evolution in the Universe
Creators: name: Wang, Dan
name: Koussour, M.
name: Malik, Adnan
name: Myrzakulov, N.
name: Mustafa, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a logarithmic parametrization form of energy density for the scalar field dark energy in the framework of the standard theory of gravity, which supports the necessary transition from the decelerated to the accelerated behavior of the Universe. The model under consideration is constrained by available observational data, including cosmic chronometers data-sets (CC), Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) data-sets, and Supernovae (SN) data-sets, consisting of only two parameters $α$ and $β$. The combined $CC$+$BAO$+$SN$ data-sets yields a transition redshift of $z_{tr}=0.79^{+0.02}_{-0.02}$, where the model exhibits signature-flipping and is consistent with recent observations. For the combined data-sets, the present value of the deceleration parameter is calculated to be $q_{0}=-0.43^{+0.06}_{-0.06}$. Furthermore, the analysis yields constraints on both the parameter density value for matter and the present value of the Hubble parameter, with values of $Ω_{m0}=0.25849^{+0.00026}_{-0.00025}$ and $H_{0}=67.79_{-0.59}^{+0.59}$ $km/s/Mpc$, respectively, consistent with the results obtained from Planck 2018. Finally, the study investigates how the mass of a black hole evolves over time in a Universe with both matter and dark energy. It reveals that the black hole mass increases initially but stops increasing as dark energy dominates.
description: The European Physical Journal C published version
Occupational Disorder as the Origin of Flattening of the Acoustic Phonon Branches in the Clathrate Ba$_{8}$Ga$_{16}$Ge$_{30}$
Creators: name: Roy, Susmita
name: Sterling, Tyler C.
name: Parshall, Daniel
name: Toberer, Eric
name: Christensen, Mogens
name: Adroja, Devashibhai T.
name: Reznik, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the search for high-performance thermoelectrics, materials such as clathrates have drawn attention due to having both glass-like low phonon thermal conductivity and crystal-like high electrical conductivity. Ba$_{8}$Ga$_{16}$Ge$_{30}$ (BGG) has a loosely bound guest Ba atom trapped inside rigid Ga/Ge cage structures. Avoided crossings between acoustic phonons and the flat guest atom branches have been proposed to be the source of the low lattice thermal conductivity of BGG. Ga/Ge site disorder with Ga and Ge exchanging places in different unit cells has also been reported. We used time-of-flight neutron scattering to measure the complete phonon spectrum in a large single crystal of BGG and compared these results with predictions of density functional theory to elucidate the effect of the disorder on heat-carrying phonons. Experimental results agreed much better with the calculation assuming the disorder than with the calculation assuming the ordered configuration. Although atomic masses of Ga and Ge are nearly identical, we found that disorder strongly reduces phonon group velocities, which significantly reduces thermal conductivity. Our work points at a new path towards optimizing thermoelectrics.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
The emergence of interface states in graphene/transition metal dichalcogenides heterostructure with lateral interface
Creators: name: Khatibi, Zahra
name: Power, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relative strength of different proximity spin-orbit couplings in graphene on transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) can be tuned via the metal composition in the TMDC layer. While Gr/MoSe$_2$, has a normal gap, proximity to WSe$_2$ instead leads to valley-Zeeman-driven inverted bands. Although the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ index vanishes, these systems enable a concentration-dependent topological crossover with band gap closure when graphene is stacked on a composite or alloyed TMDC layer. This is due to a nonzero Berry curvature at the individual valleys and a change of the valley Chern index at a critical composition ratio. Therefore, inherently, we also expect that stacked heterostructures of graphene on composite TMDC layers should host localised boundary modes due to the presence of Gr/WSe$_2$- and Gr/MoSe$_2$-like domains with opposite valley Chern indices. In this study, we show that a Gr/(Mo-W)Se$_2$ heterostructure with a lateral interface in the TMDC layer can indeed host topologically protected in-gap propagating modes, similar to those at the border of commensurate AB and BA domains in biased minimally-twisted bilayer graphene. However, the stability of these modes depends crucially on the system size. We demonstrate that the electronic behaviour of Gr/(Mo-W)Se$_2$ heterostructures evolves from a homogeneous effective medium to a superposition of domain-localised bands and zero-energy branch crossings as the domain size in the alloyed TMDC layer is increased.
description: 10 pages and 4 figures
Near Field iToF LIDAR Depth Improvement from Limited Number of Shots
Creators: name: Nagiub, Mena
name: Beuth, Thorsten
name: Sistu, Ganesh
name: Gotzig, Heinrich
name: Eising, Ciarán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Indirect Time of Flight LiDARs can indirectly calculate the scene's depth from the phase shift angle between transmitted and received laser signals with amplitudes modulated at a predefined frequency. Unfortunately, this method generates ambiguity in calculated depth when the phase shift angle value exceeds $2π$. Current state-of-the-art methods use raw samples generated using two distinct modulation frequencies to overcome this ambiguity problem. However, this comes at the cost of increasing laser components' stress and raising their temperature, which reduces their lifetime and increases power consumption. In our work, we study two different methods to recover the entire depth range of the LiDAR using fewer raw data sample shots from a single modulation frequency with the support of sensor's gray scale output to reduce the laser components' stress and power consumption.
Quantum Clock Synchronization with a Single Qudit
Creators: name: Tavakoli, Armin
name: Cabello, Adán
name: Żukowski, Marek
name: Bourennane, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Clock synchronization for nonfaulty processes in multiprocess networks is indispensable for a variety of technologies. A reliable system must be able to resynchronize the nonfaulty processes upon some components failing causing the distribution of incorrect or conflicting information in the network. The task of synchronizing such networks is related to detectable Byzantine agreement (DBA), which can classically be solved using recursive algorithms if and only if less than one-third of the processes are faulty. Here we introduce a nonrecursive quantum algorithm that solves the DBA and achieves clock synchronization in the presence of arbitrary many faulty processes by using only a single quantum system.
TOI-1338: TESS' First Transiting Circumbinary Planet
Creators: name: Pepe, F.
name: Ségransan, D.
name: Cameron, A.C.
name: Tokovinin, A.
name: Gill, S.
name: Quarles, B.
name: Boyd, P.
name: Van Der Straeten, T.
name: Lissauer, J.J.
name: Jenkins, J.M.
name: Standing, M.R.
name: Latham, D.W.
name: Gillon, M.
name: Pepper, J.
name: Short, D.R.
name: Rowe, J.F.
name: Hodžić, V.K.
name: Li, G.
name: Torres, G.
name: Kane, S.R.
name: Rose, M.E.
name: Quinn, S.N.
name: Pappa, G.
name: Udry, S.
name: Kostov, V.B.
name: Turner, O.
name: Bergeron, J.
name: Vanderspek, R.
name: Trifonov, T.
name: Welsh, W.F.
name: Santerne, A.
name: Levine, A.M.
name: Dressing, C.
name: Ziegler, C.
name: Haghighipour, N.
name: Law, N.
name: Furesz, G.
name: Pollacco, D.
name: Smith, J.C.
name: Mazeh, T.
name: Mann, A.W.
name: Lintott, C.
name: Barclay, T.
name: Gilbert, E.A.
name: Kopparapu, R.
name: Cukier, W.
name: Eisner, N.
name: Seager, S.
name: Ricker, G.
name: Maxted, P.F.L.
name: Wolf, E.T.
name: Haqq-Misra, J.
name: Triaud, A.H.M.J.
name: Correia, A.C.M.
name: Twicken, J.D.
name: Winn, J.N.
name: Montet, B.T.
name: Barnet, F.
name: Orosz, J.A.
name: Fabrycky, D.C.
name: Quintana, E.V.
name: Ansorge, P.
name: Hellier, C.
name: Feinstein, A.D.
name: Huten, M.
name: Martin, D.V.
name: Briceno, C.
name: Mardling, R.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2020

description: We report the detection of the first circumbinary planet (CBP) found by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). The target, a known eclipsing binary, was observed in sectors 1 through 12 at 30 minute cadence and in sectors 4 through 12 at 2 minute cadence. It consists of two stars with masses of 1.1 M o˙ and 0.3 M o˙ on a slightly eccentric (0.16), 14.6 day orbit, producing prominent primary eclipses and shallow secondary eclipses. The planet has a radius of ∼6.9 R ⊕ and was observed to make three transits across the primary star of roughly equal depths (∼0.2%) but different durations-a common signature of transiting CBPs. Its orbit is nearly circular (e ≈ 0.09) with an orbital period of 95.2 days. The orbital planes of the binary and the planet are aligned to within ∼1°. To obtain a complete solution for the system, we combined the TESS photometry with existing ground-based radial-velocity observations in a numerical photometric-dynamical model. The system demonstrates the discovery potential of TESS for CBPs and provides further understanding of the formation and evolution of planets orbiting close binary stars.
$SO(10)$ Grand Unification from $M$ theory on a $G_2$ manifold
Creators: name: Romão, Miguel Crispim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Grand Unified Theories based on $SO(10)$ which originate from $M$ theory on $G_2$ manifolds. In this framework we are naturally led to a novel solution of the doublet-triplet splitting problem involving an extra $\overline{\bf 16}_X+{\bf 16}_X$ vector-like pair by considering discrete symmetries of the extra dimensions and preserving unification. Since Wilson line breaking preserves the rank of the gauge group, the necessary $U(1)$ gauge breaking is generated from extra multiplets. The main prediction of the approach is the existence of light states with the quantum numbers of a $\overline{\bf 16}_X+{\bf 16}_X$ vector-like pair which could show up in future LHC searches.
description: Contribution to the Proceedings of "Discrete 2014 Symposium" at King's College London, December 2014. 13 pages, 2 figures
On the Functional Relation Between Quality Factor and Fractional Bandwidth
Creators: name: Capek, Miloslav
name: Jelinek, Lukas
name: Hazdra, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The functional relation between the fractional band-width and the quality factor of a radiating system is investigated in this note. Several widely used definitions of the quality factor are compared on two examples of RLC circuits that serve as a simplified model of a single resonant antenna tuned to its resonance. It is demonstrated that for a first-order system, only the quality factor based on differentiation of input impedance has unique proportionality to the fractional bandwidth, whereas e.g. the classical definition of the quality factor, i. e. the ratio of the stored energy to the lost energy per one cycle, is not uniquely proportional to the fractional bandwidth. In addition, it is shown that for higher-order systems the quality factor based on differentiation of the input impedance ceases to be uniquely related to the fractional bandwidth.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted to IEEE MAP
Endbericht zur Studie «PROVIAGE». Psychosoziale Versorgungs- und Überweisungslücken bei Sehbehinderung im Alter
Creators: name: Seifert, Alexander
name: Pfeuffer, Andreas
Publisher: name: Hochschule für Soziale Arbeit FHNW
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Alter
subject: Schweiz
subject: Sehbehinderung
subject: sehen
subject: 360 - Soziale Probleme, Sozialdienste, Versicherungen

description: In der Schweiz gibt es Beratungsstellen für Menschen mit einer Sehbeeinträchtigungen, die Betroffene psychosozial und rehabilitativ bei der Bewältigung der Sehbeeinträchtigung unterstützen können. Die meisten Menschen mit einer Sehbeeinträchtigung entwickeln diese erst in ihrem späteren Alter (ab 60 Jahren). Aus verschiedenen Quellen ist jedoch bekannt, dass solche Beratungsangebote nur von wenigen älteren Personen genutzt werden. Ziel des Projekts PROVIAGE war es daher, die Versorgungs- und Überweisungslücken zwischen medizinischer und nicht-medizinischer Versorgung (d.h. Beratungsstellen) bei älteren Personen mit einer Sehbeeinträchtigung zu eruieren, strukturiert nachzuzeichnen sowie Lösungsansätze zur Minimierung dieser Lücken zu sammeln und zu bewerten, um Empfehlungen für die Schweizer Versorgungssituation geben zu können.
Entanglement entropy and fidelity susceptibility in the one-dimensional spin-1 XXZ chains with alternating single-site anisotropy
Creators: name: Ren, Jie
name: Liu, Guang-Hua
name: You, Wen-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the fidelity susceptibility in an antiferromagnetic spin-1 XXZ chain numerically. By using the density-matrix renormalization group method, the effects of the alternating single-site anisotropy $D$ on fidelity susceptibility are investigated. Its relation with the quantum phase transition is analyzed. It is found that the quantum phase transition from the Haldane spin liquid to periodic Néel spin solid can be well characterized by the fidelity. Finite size scaling of fidelity susceptibility shows a power-law divergence at criticality, which indicates the quantum phase transition is of second order. The results are confirmed by the second derivative of the ground-state energy. We also study the relationship between the entanglement entropy, the Schmidt gap and quantum phase transitions. Conclusions drawn from these quantum information observables agree well with each other.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, accepted by J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
Unsupervised ANN-Based Equalizer and Its Trainable FPGA Implementation
Creators: name: Ney, Jonas
name: Lauinger, Vincent
name: Schmalen, Laurent
name: Wehn, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, communication engineers put strong emphasis on artificial neural network (ANN)-based algorithms with the aim of increasing the flexibility and autonomy of the system and its components. In this context, unsupervised training is of special interest as it enables adaptation without the overhead of transmitting pilot symbols. In this work, we present a novel ANN-based, unsupervised equalizer and its trainable field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation. We demonstrate that our custom loss function allows the ANN to adapt for varying channel conditions, approaching the performance of a supervised baseline. Furthermore, as a first step towards a practical communication system, we design an efficient FPGA implementation of our proposed algorithm, which achieves a throughput in the order of Gbit/s, outperforming a high-performance GPU by a large margin.
description: Accepted and presented at Joint European Conference on Networks and Communications & 6G Summit (EuCNC/6G Summit), Gothenburg, Sweden, 6 - 9 June 2023; Published in IEEE Xplore: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10188269
LHS 1815b: The First Thick-disk Planet Detected by TESS
Creators: name: Law, N.
name: Tenenbaum, P.
name: Jensen, E.L.N.
name: Briceno, C.
name: Howell, S.B.
name: Astudillo-Defru, N.
name: Winters, J.G.
name: Hellier, C.
name: Vanderspek, R.
name: Luque, R.
name: Shporer, A.
name: Bonfils, X.
name: Irwin, J.M.
name: Mann, A.W.
name: Stassun, K.G.
name: Hirano, T.
name: Livingston, J.H.
name: Ziegler, C.
name: Latham, D.W.
name: Caldwell, D.A.
name: Trani, A.A.
name: Furesz, G.
name: Gandolfi, D.
name: Gan, T.
name: Twicken, J.D.
name: Guerrero, N.M.
name: Anderson, D.R.
name: Winn, J.N.
name: Anglada-Escudé, G.
name: Seager, S.
name: Ricker, G.R.
name: Collins, K.A.
name: Rojas-Ayala, B.
name: Rowden, P.
name: Quintana, E.
name: Jenkins, J.M.
name: Huang, C.X.
name: Mao, S.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2020

description: We report the first discovery of a thick-disk planet, LHS 1815b (TOI-704b, TIC 260004324), detected in the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) survey. LHS 1815b transits a bright (V = 12.19 mag, K = 7.99 mag) and quiet M dwarf located 29.87 ± 0.02 pc away with a mass of 0.502 ± 0.015 M o˙ and a radius of 0.501 ± 0.030 R o˙. We validate the planet by combining space- and ground-based photometry, spectroscopy, and imaging. The planet has a radius of 1.088 ± 0.064 R ⊕ with a 3σ mass upper limit of 8.7 M ⊕. We analyze the galactic kinematics and orbit of the host star LHS 1815 and find that it has a large probability (P thick/P thin = 6482) to be in the thick disk with a much higher expected maximal height (Z max = 1.8 kpc) above the Galactic plane compared with other TESS planet host stars. Future studies of the interior structure and atmospheric properties of planets in such systems using, for example, the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope, can investigate the differences in formation efficiency and evolution for planetary systems between different Galactic components (thick disks, thin disks, and halo).
Mine Hipoplazili Anterior Dişlerin Direkt Kompozit Rezin ile Estetik Rehabilitasyonu: 2 Yıllık Takip
Creators: name: Pehlivan, İkbal Esra
name: Değirmenci, Alperen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110599 Dentistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: ÖZET: Mine hipoplazisi anterior dişlerde sıklıkla görülen ve estetik problemlere neden olan gelişimsel defektlerden biridir. Bu vakaların estetik sorunları ön planda olmakla beraber, kliniğe başvurma sebepleri arasında hassasiyet şikayetleri de önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Restoratif Diş Tedavisi Kliniğine başvuran hastanın ön grup dişlerinde mine hipoplazisi tespit edildi. Hasta bilgilendirilip gerekli tedavi yöntemleri anlatıldı. Uygulama kolaylığı, hastanın koltukta kalış süresinin kısa olması ve estetiğin kolayca sağlanabilmesi gibi avantajları göz önünde tutularak hastaya direkt kompozit rezin restorasyon uygulanmasına karar verildi. Minenin hipoplazik bölümü kaldırıldıktan sonra dişin labiali, 7 fosforik asit ile 30 saniye boyunca asitlendi. Asitlenen diş yüzeyi yıkandı ve hava ile kurutuldu. Üniversal adeziv uygulamasının ardından 10 saniye süreyle LED ışık cihazıyla adeziv sertleştirildi. Tabakalama tekniği uygulanan kompozit rezin materyalin polimerizasyonu sağlandı. Restorasyonun tamamlanmasının ardından polisajı yapıldı. Tedavinin bitiminden sonra hastanın 1. ay, 6. ay, 1 ve 2 yıllık kontrolleri yapıldı. Bu kontrollerde direkt kompozit rezin uygulaması sonucu ortaya çıkan estetiğin hem hasta açısından hem de klinik açıdan kabul edilebilir seviyede olduğu tespit edildi.
Spectroscopic follow-up of black hole and neutron star candidates in ellipsoidal variables from Gaia DR3
Creators: name: Nagarajan, Pranav
name: El-Badry, Kareem
name: Rodriguez, Antonio C.
name: van Roestel, Jan
name: Roulston, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multi-epoch spectroscopic follow-up of a sample of ellipsoidal variables selected from Gaia DR3 as candidates for hosting quiescent black holes (BHs) and neutron stars (NSs). Our targets were identified as BH/NS candidates because their optical light curves -- when interpreted with models that attribute variability to tidal distortion of a star by a companion that contributes negligible light -- suggest that the companions are compact objects. From the likely BH/NS candidates identified in recent work accompanying Gaia DR3, we select 14 of the most promising targets for follow-up. We obtained spectra for each object at 2-10 epochs, strategically observing near conjunction to best-constrain the radial velocity semi-amplitude. From the measured semi-amplitudes of the radial velocity curves, we derive minimum companion masses of $M_{2,\min} \leq 0.5 ~ M_{\odot}$ in all cases. Assuming random inclinations, the typical inferred companion mass is $M_2 \sim 0.15 ~ M_{\odot}$. This makes it unlikely that any of these systems contain a BH or NS, and we consider alternative explanations for the observed variability. We can best reproduce the observed light curves and radial velocities with models for unequal-mass contact binaries with starspots. Some of the objects in our sample may also be detached main-sequence binaries, or even single stars with pulsations or starspot variability masquerading as ellipsoidal variation. We provide recommendations for future spectroscopic efforts to further characterize this sample and more generally to search for compact object companions in close binaries.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, Published in MNRAS
First-principle study of the near-IR luminescence centers in Bi2O3-GeO2 andBi2O3-SiO2 glasses
Creators: name: Sokolov, V. O.
name: Plotnichenko, V. G.
name: Dianov, E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principle study of bismuth-related oxygen-deficient centers ($=$Bi$\cdots$Ge$\equiv$, $=$Bi$\cdots$Si$\equiv$, and $=$Bi$\cdots$Bi$=$ oxygen vacancies) in Bi$_2$O$_3$-GeO$_2$, Bi$_2$O$_3$-SiO$_2$, Bi$_2$O$_3$-Al$_2$O$_3$-GeO$_2$, and Bi$_2$O$_3$-Al$_2$O$_3$-SiO$_2$ hosts is performed. A comparison of calculated spectral properties of the centers with the experimental data on luminescence emission and excitation spectra suggests that luminescence in the 1.2-1.3 $μ$m and 1.8-3.0 $μ$m ranges in Bi$_2$O$_3$-GeO$_2$ glasses and crystals is likely caused by $=$Bi$\cdots$Ge$\equiv$ and $=$Bi$\cdots$Bi$=$ centers, respectively, and the luminescence near 1.1 $μ$m in Bi$_2$O$_3$-Al$_2$O$_3$-GeO$_2$ glasses and crystals may be caused by $=$Bi$\cdots$Ge$\equiv$ center with (AlO$_4$)$^-$ center in the second coordination shell of Ge atom.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 25 references
Generalized Lie Symmetries and Almost Regular Lagrangians: A Link Between Symmetry and Dynamics
Creators: name: Speliotopoulos, Achilles D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generalized Lie symmetries of almost regular Lagrangians are studied, and their impact on the evolution of dynamical systems is determined. It is found that if the action has a generalized Lie symmetry, then the Lagrangian is necessarily singular; the converse is not true, as we show with a specific example. It is also found that the generalized Lie symmetry of the action is a Lie subgroup of the generalized Lie symmetry of the Euler-Lagrange equations of motion. The converse is once again not true, and there are systems for which the Euler-Lagrange equations of motion have a generalized Lie symmetry while the action does not, as we once again show through a specific example. Most importantly, it is shown that each generalized Lie symmetry of the action contributes one arbitrary function to the evolution of the dynamical system. The number of such symmetries gives a lower bound to the dimensionality of the family of curves emanating from any set of allowed initial data in the Lagrangian phase space. Moreover, if second- or higher-order Lagrangian constraints are introduced during the application of the Lagrangian constraint algorithm, these additional constraints could not have been due to the generalized Lie symmetry of the action.
description: 34 pages with one table. Published paper is open access, and can be found either at the Journal of Physics Communications website or at the DOI below. This is a follow-up paper to "Constrained Dynamics: Generalized Lie Symmetries, Singular Lagrangians, and the Passage to Hamiltonian Mechanics", DOI: 10.1088/2399-6528/ab923c. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2006.02614
Robo-AO M-dwarf Multiplicity Survey: Catalog
Creators: name: Ziegler, C.
name: Baranec, C.
name: Schonhut-Stasik, J.
name: Kulkarni, S.R.
name: Jensen-Clem, R.
name: Salama, M.
name: Winters, J.G.
name: Irwin, J.M.
name: Lamman, C.
name: Berta-Thompson, Z.K.
name: Law, N.M.
name: Duev, D.A.
name: Riddle, R.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2020

description: We analyze observations from Robo-AO's field M dwarf survey taken on the 2.1 m Kitt Peak telescope and perform a multiplicity comparison with Gaia DR2. Through its laser-guided, automated system, the Robo-AO instrument has yielded the largest adaptive optics M dwarf multiplicity survey to date. After developing an interface to visually identify and locate stellar companions, we selected 11 low-significance Robo-AO detections for follow-up on the Keck II telescope using NIRC2. In the Robo-AO survey we find 553 candidate companions within 4″ around 534 stars out of 5566 unique targets, most of which are new discoveries. Using a position cross-match with DR2 on all targets, we assess the binary recoverability of Gaia DR2 and compare the properties of multiples resolved by both Robo-AO and Gaia. The catalog of nearby M dwarf systems and their basic properties presented here can assist other surveys which observe these stars, such as the NASA TESS mission.
VISAR: A Human-AI Argumentative Writing Assistant with Visual Programming and Rapid Draft Prototyping
Creators: name: Zhang, Zheng
name: Gao, Jie
name: Dhaliwal, Ranjodh Singh
name: Li, Toby Jia-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In argumentative writing, writers must brainstorm hierarchical writing goals, ensure the persuasiveness of their arguments, and revise and organize their plans through drafting. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have made interactive text generation through a chat interface (e.g., ChatGPT) possible. However, this approach often neglects implicit writing context and user intent, lacks support for user control and autonomy, and provides limited assistance for sensemaking and revising writing plans. To address these challenges, we introduce VISAR, an AI-enabled writing assistant system designed to help writers brainstorm and revise hierarchical goals within their writing context, organize argument structures through synchronized text editing and visual programming, and enhance persuasiveness with argumentation spark recommendations. VISAR allows users to explore, experiment with, and validate their writing plans using automatic draft prototyping. A controlled lab study confirmed the usability and effectiveness of VISAR in facilitating the argumentative writing planning process.
description: 30 pages, published in UIST'23
On the Classification of MDS Codes
Creators: name: Kokkala, Janne I.
name: Krotov, Denis S.
name: Östergård, Patric R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A $q$-ary code of length $n$, size $M$, and minimum distance $d$ is called an $(n,M,d)_q$ code. An $(n,q^{k},n-k+1)_q$ code is called a maximum distance separable (MDS) code. In this work, some MDS codes over small alphabets are classified. It is shown that every $(k+d-1,q^k,d)_q$ code with $k\geq 3$, $d \geq 3$, $q \in \{5,7\}$ is equivalent to a linear code with the same parameters. This implies that the $(6,5^4,3)_5$ code and the $(n,7^{n-2},3)_7$ MDS codes for $n\in\{6,7,8\}$ are unique. The classification of one-error-correcting $8$-ary MDS codes is also finished; there are $14$, $8$, $4$, and $4$ equivalence classes of $(n,8^{n-2},3)_8$ codes for $n=6,7,8,9$, respectively. One of the equivalence classes of perfect $(9,8^7,3)_8$ codes corresponds to the Hamming code and the other three are nonlinear codes for which there exists no previously known construction.
description: Submitted to IEEE transactions on Information Theory; presented in part at the 4th International Castle Meeting in Coding Theory and Applications, Palmela, Portugal, September 2014
Topological superconductivity and high Chern numbers in 2D ferromagnetic Shiba lattices
Creators: name: Röntynen, Joel
name: Ojanen, Teemu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the recent experimental observation of topological superconductivity in ferromagnetic chains, we consider a dilute 2D lattice of magnetic atoms deposited on top of a superconducting surface with a Rashba spin-orbit coupling. We show that the studied system supports a generalization of $p_x+ip_y$ superconductivity and that its topological phase diagram contains Chern numbers higher than $ξ/a$ $(\gg1)$, where $ξ$ is the superconducting coherence length and $a$ is the distance between the magnetic atoms. The signatures of nontrivial topology can be observed by STM spectroscopy in finite-size islands.
description: 4+3 pages, 5 Figures
Integration of Reinforcement Learning Based Behavior Planning With Sampling Based Motion Planning for Automated Driving
Creators: name: Klimke, Marvin
name: Völz, Benjamin
name: Buchholz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reinforcement learning has received high research interest for developing planning approaches in automated driving. Most prior works consider the end-to-end planning task that yields direct control commands and rarely deploy their algorithm to real vehicles. In this work, we propose a method to employ a trained deep reinforcement learning policy for dedicated high-level behavior planning. By populating an abstract objective interface, established motion planning algorithms can be leveraged, which derive smooth and drivable trajectories. Given the current environment model, we propose to use a built-in simulator to predict the traffic scene for a given horizon into the future. The behavior of automated vehicles in mixed traffic is determined by querying the learned policy. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first to apply deep reinforcement learning in this manner, and as such lacks a state-of-the-art benchmark. Thus, we validate the proposed approach by comparing an idealistic single-shot plan with cyclic replanning through the learned policy. Experiments with a real testing vehicle on proving grounds demonstrate the potential of our approach to shrink the simulation to real world gap of deep reinforcement learning based planning approaches. Additional simulative analyses reveal that more complex multi-agent maneuvers can be managed by employing the cycling replanning approach.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures, to be published in 34th IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)
Generating Einstein gravity, cosmological constant and Higgs mass from restricted Weyl invariance
Creators: name: Edery, Ariel
name: Nakayama, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it has been pointed out that dimensionless actions in four dimensional curved spacetime possess a symmetry which goes beyond scale invariance but is smaller than full Weyl invariance. This symmetry was dubbed {\it restricted Weyl invariance}. We show that starting with a restricted Weyl invariant action that includes a Higgs sector with no explicit mass, one can generate the Einstein-Hilbert action with cosmological constant and a Higgs mass. The model also contains an extra massless scalar field which couples to the Higgs field (and gravity). If the coupling of this extra scalar field to the Higgs field is negligibly small, this fixes the coefficient of the nonminimal coupling $R Φ^2$ between the Higgs field and gravity. Besides the Higgs sector, all the other fields of the standard model can be incorporated into the original restricted Weyl invariant action.
description: 7 pages, no figures
Testing growth rate dependence in cosmological perturbation theory using scale-free models
Creators: name: Pohan, Azrul
name: Joyce, Michael
name: Benhaiem, David
name: Labini, Francesco Sylos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize previously derived analytic results for the one-loop power spectrum (PS) in scale-free models (with linear PS $P(k) \propto k^n$) to a broader class of such models in which part of the matterlike component driving the Einstein de Sitter expansion does not cluster. These models can be conveniently parametrized by $α$, the constant logarithmic linear growth rate of fluctuations (with $α=1$ in the usual case). For $-3< n<-1$, where the one-loop PS is both infrared and ultraviolet convergent and thus explicitly self-similar, it is characterized conveniently by a single numerical coefficient $c(n, α)$. We compare the analytical predictions for $c(n=-2, α)$ with results from a suite of $N$-body simulations with $α\in [0.25, 1]$ performed with an appropriately modified version of the GADGET code. Although the simulations are of small ($256^3$) boxes, the constraint of self-similarity allows the identification of the converged PS at a level of accuracy sufficient to test the analytical predictions for the $α$ dependence of the evolved PS. Good agreement for the predicted dependence on $α$ of the PS is found. To treat the UV sensitivity of results which grows as one approaches $n =-1$, we derive exact results incorporating a regularization $k_c$ and obtain expressions for $c(n, α, k_c/k)$. Assuming that this regularization is compatible with self-similarity allows us to infer a predicted functional form of the PS equivalent to that derived in effective field theory (EFT). The coefficient of the leading EFT correction at one loop has a strong dependence on $α$, with a change in sign at $α\approx 0.16$, providing a potentially stringent test of EFT.
description: revised version published in Phys. Rev. D
Assessment of algorithms for mitosis detection in breast cancer histopathology images
Creators: name: Veta, Mitko
name: van Diest, Paul J.
name: Willems, Stefan M.
name: Wang, Haibo
name: Madabhushi, Anant
name: Cruz-Roa, Angel
name: Gonzalez, Fabio
name: Larsen, Anders B. L.
name: Vestergaard, Jacob S.
name: Dahl, Anders B.
name: Cireşan, Dan C.
name: Schmidhuber, Jürgen
name: Giusti, Alessandro
name: Gambardella, Luca M.
name: Tek, F. Boray
name: Walter, Thomas
name: Wang, Ching-Wei
name: Kondo, Satoshi
name: Matuszewski, Bogdan J.
name: Precioso, Frederic
name: Snell, Violet
name: Kittler, Josef
name: de Campos, Teofilo E.
name: Khan, Adnan M.
name: Rajpoot, Nasir M.
name: Arkoumani, Evdokia
name: Lacle, Miangela M.
name: Viergever, Max A.
name: Pluim, Josien P. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The proliferative activity of breast tumors, which is routinely estimated by counting of mitotic figures in hematoxylin and eosin stained histology sections, is considered to be one of the most important prognostic markers. However, mitosis counting is laborious, subjective and may suffer from low inter-observer agreement. With the wider acceptance of whole slide images in pathology labs, automatic image analysis has been proposed as a potential solution for these issues. In this paper, the results from the Assessment of Mitosis Detection Algorithms 2013 (AMIDA13) challenge are described. The challenge was based on a data set consisting of 12 training and 11 testing subjects, with more than one thousand annotated mitotic figures by multiple observers. Short descriptions and results from the evaluation of eleven methods are presented. The top performing method has an error rate that is comparable to the inter-observer agreement among pathologists.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in the journal Medical Image Analysis
Framework for global stability analysis of dynamical systems
Creators: name: Datseris, George
name: Rossi, Kalel Luiz
name: Wagemakers, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical systems, that are used to model power grids, the brain, and other physical systems, can exhibit coexisting stable states known as attractors. A powerful tool to understand such systems, as well as to better predict when they may ``tip'' from one stable state to the other, is global stability analysis. It involves identifying the initial conditions that converge to each attractor, known as the basins of attraction, measuring the relative volume of these basins in state space, and quantifying how these fractions change as a system parameter evolves. By improving existing approaches, we present a comprehensive framework that allows for global stability analysis on any dynamical system. Notably, our framework enables the analysis to be made efficiently and conveniently over a parameter range. As such, it becomes an essential complement to traditional continuation techniques, that only allow for linear stability analysis. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on a variety of models, including climate, power grids, ecosystems, and more. Our framework is available as simple-to-use open-source code as part of the DynamicalSystems.jl library.