cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generalized stochastic differential utility and preference for information
Creators: name: Lazrak, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 60H10, 60H30. (Primary)

description: This paper develops, in a Brownian information setting, an approach for analyzing the preference for information, a question that motivates the stochastic differential utility (SDU) due to Duffie and Epstein [Econometrica 60 (1992) 353-394]. For a class of backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) including the generalized SDU [Lazrak and Quenez Math. Oper. Res. 28 (2003) 154-180], we formulate the information neutrality property as an invariance principle when the filtration is coarser (or finer) and characterize it. We also provide concrete examples of heterogeneity in information that illustrate explicitly the nonneutrality property for some GSDUs. Our results suggest that, within the GSDUs class of intertemporal utilities, risk aversion or ambiguity aversion are inflexibly linked to the preference for information.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051604000000756 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Minnesota Farm Real Estate Sales: 1990-2010
Creators: name: Taff, Steven J.
name: Taff, Steven J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: This report is a summary of the data contained on the farmland sales portion of the Minnesota Land Economics (MLE) web site (http://landeconomics.umn.edu ) as of May 10, 2011. It is formally reissued each Spring, as new sales data become available. The present document consists largely of graphs and tables summarizing sales over the past twenty years. It provides averages at the multi-county region and at the statewide levels of aggregation. Individual transaction data are available for downloading and analysis at the MLE web site. An electronic version of the current report in fully navigable portable document format (pdf) is also available: http://landeconomics.umn.edu/mle/readings/Minnesota_Farm_Real_Estate_Sales.pdf.
Time Contraction Within Lightweight Reference Frames
Creators: name: Savi, Matheus Fritsch
name: Angelo, Renato Moreira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The special theory of relativity teaches us that, although distinct inertial frames perceive the same dynamical laws, space and time intervals differ in value. We revisit the problem of time contraction using the paradigmatic model of a fast-moving laboratory within which a photon is emitted and posteriorly absorbed. In our model, however, the laboratory is composed of two independent parallel plates, each of which allowed to be sufficiently light so as to get kickbacks upon emission and absorption of light. We show that the lightness of the laboratory accentuates the time contraction. We also discuss how the photon frequency shifts upon reflection in a light moving mirror. Although often imperceptible, these effects will inevitably exist whenever realistic finite-mass bodies are involved. More fundamentally, they should necessarily permeate any eventual approach to the problem of relativistic quantum frames of reference.
description: 6 pages; 1 figure
Why Don't Farmers Adopt Precision Farming Technologies in Cotton Production?
Creators: name: Paudel, Krishna P.
name: Pandit, Mahesh
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: Segarra, Eduardo
name: Paudel, Krishna P.
name: Pandit, Mahesh
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: Segarra, Eduardo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: precision agriculture
subject: technology adoption
subject: multinomial logit

description: We used the 2009 Southern Cotton Precision Farming Survey data collected from farmers in twelve U.S. states (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia) to understand why farmers do not adopt seemingly profitable precision farming technology. Farmers provided cost, time constraint, satisfaction with the current practice and other as reasons for not adopting precision farming technology. Results from a multinomial logit regression model indicated that manure application on field, more formal education, larger farm size, participation in conservation easement or agricultural easement generally decreases the probability of nonadoption of precision agriculture in cotton production.
The right time to sell a stock whose price is driven by Markovian noise
Creators: name: Dalang, Robert C.
name: Hongler, M. -O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 60G40 (Primary) 90A09\sep60J27 (Secondary)

description: We consider the problem of finding the optimal time to sell a stock, subject to a fixed sales cost and an exponential discounting rate ρ. We assume that the price of the stock fluctuates according to the equation dY_t=Y_t(μdt+σξ(t) dt), where (ξ(t)) is an alternating Markov renewal process with values in {\pm1}, with an exponential renewal time. We determine the critical value of ρunder which the value function is finite. We examine the validity of the ``principle of smooth fit'' and use this to give a complete and essentially explicit solution to the problem, which exhibits a surprisingly rich structure. The corresponding result when the stock price evolves according to the Black and Scholes model is obtained as a limit case.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051604000000747 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
A Comparison of the Great Mississippi River Floods of 1993 and 2011: Implications for Crop Insurance and Reinsurance
Creators: name: Vergara, Oscar
name: Vergara, Oscar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Great Mississippi Flood
subject: 1993
subject: 2011
subject: SRA
subject: Crop Insurance Losses
subject: AIR Model

description: The flooding situation in 2011 is similar in nature to the Great Mississippi Flood of 1993, but different in the particulars. First, the timing of the flood within the growing season is different. Second, the two floods occurred in different regions, with the 1993 flood affecting a portion of the Corn Belt and the 2011 flood affecting a region farther south. While floodwaters have inundated several million acres of cropland in 2011, yield losses from delayed planting are expected to be limited. Furthermore, the affected states from the current flood are primarily Group 2 states under the current SRA, which are provided with greater reinsurance protection by the government than the Group 1 states.
The random growth of interfaces as a subordinated process
Creators: name: Failla, R.
name: Grigolini, P.
name: Ignaccolo, M.
name: Schwettmann, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the random growth of surfaces from within the perspective of a single column, namely, the fluctuation of the column height around the mean value, y(t)= h(t)-< h(t)>, which is depicted as being subordinated to a standard fluctuation-dissipation process with friction gamma. We argue that the main properties of Kardar-Parisi-Zhang theory, in one dimension, are derived by identifying the distribution of return times to y(0) = 0, which is a truncated inverse power law, with the distribution of subordination times. The agreement of the theoretical prediction with the numerical treatment of the 1 + 1 dimensional model of ballistic deposition is remarkably good, in spite of the finite size effects affecting this model.
description: LaTeX, 4 pages, 3 figures
On the Spectral Behavior and Normalization of a Resonance-Free and High-Frequency Stable Integral Equation
Creators: name: Chhim, Tiffany L.
name: Adrian, Simon B.
name: Andriulli, Francesco P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CFIE used for solving scattering and radiation problems, although a resonance-free formulation, suffers from an ill-conditioning that strongly depends on the frequency and discretization density, both in the low- and high-frequency regime, resulting in slow convergence rates for iterative solvers. This work presents a new preconditioning scheme for the CFIE that cures the low- and the high-frequency as well as the dense discretization breakdown. The new preconditioner for the CFIE is based on a spherical harmonics analysis and the proper regularization with Helmholtz-type operators. Numerical results have been obtained to prove the effectiveness of this new formulation in real scenarios.
BIOFUELS, CLIMATE POLICY, AND WATER MANAGEMENT: ASSESSING POLICY-INDUCED SHIFTS ON AGRICULTURE’S EXTENSIVE AND INTENSIVE MARGINS
Creators: name: Baker, Justin Scott
name: Murray, Brian C.
name: McCarl, Bruce A.
name: Baker, Justin Scott
name: Murray, Brian C.
name: McCarl, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Greenhouse gas mitigation
subject: biofuels
subject: water resource management

description: Biofuel expansion efforts and climate mitigation policy could fundamentally alter land management trends in U.S. agriculture and forestry (AF) by mandating biofuel feedstock production and providing incentives for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction and carbon sequestration from terrestrial sources. Research has shown that biofuel expansion can alter commodity markets, induce agricultural land expansion, and intensify production. Meanwhile, GHG mitigation efforts could limit agricultural expansion, reduce current cultivation, and lower management intensity by incentivizing GHG emissions reduction and carbon sequestration within AF. To date, little work has attempted to quantify biofuel and climate policy-induced shifts together along the extensive and intensive agricultural production margins within a systems-based framework, though such shifts could have resounding implications on agricultural water consumption and quality. This study uses a comprehensive and detailed economic model of the U.S. AF sectors to simulate land management responses to biofuel expansion and GHG policies. While bioenergy production and altered AF management practices are found to significantly reduce GHG emissions, additional water consumption and nutrient use are possible policy outcomes. Specifically, we find that policies that influence shifts to the extensive margin will increase aggregate water use and nutrient application, but lead to lower intensity per-unit area. Conversely, when combined with biofuel mandates climate mitigation incentives lower agricultural land expansion, but lead to higher levels of management intensity. Somewhat contrary to expectations, GHG mitigation incentives cause water and nutrient use intensity to grow at an increasing rate due to the greater level of land use competition. Additionally, important regional trends emerge, as water use and quality concerns grow with the CO2 price in areas with limited GHG mitigation possibilities. This suggests that “water leakage” is possible whereby emissions reduction activities decrease output in one region and stimulate management intensity elsewhere. The potential indirect consequences of combined biofuel and climate mitigation incentives on water resource systems warrant further attention in policy design and future research.
Additional file 1 of Malaria outbreak investigation in a rural area south of Zimbabwe: a case–control study
Creators: name: Paddington T. Mundagowa
name: Pugie T. Chimberengwa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Participant questionnaire used for data collection in the study.
Additional file 2 of Malaria outbreak investigation in a rural area south of Zimbabwe: a case–control study
Creators: name: Paddington T. Mundagowa
name: Pugie T. Chimberengwa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Dataset used for data analysis in the study.
Signatures of direct double ionization under XUV radiation
Creators: name: Lambropoulos, P.
name: Nikolopoulos, L. A. A.
name: Makris, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In anticipation of upcoming two-photon double ionization of atoms and particularly Helium, under strong short wavelength radiation sources (45 eV), we present quantitative signatures of direct two-photon double ejection, in the photoelectron spectrum (PES) and the peak power dependence, that can be employed in the interpretation of related data. We show that the PES provides the cleanest signature of the process. An inflection (knee) in the laser power dependence of double ionization is also discernible, within a window of intensities which depends on the pulse duration and cross sections
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. on Dec 14th, 2004
The Catalogue of Cometary Orbits and their Dynamical Evolution
Creators: name: Królikowska, Małgorzata
name: Dybczyński, Piotr A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new cometary catalogue containing data for almost 300 long-period comets that were discovered before 2018 is announced (the CODE catalogue). This is the first catalogue containing cometary orbits in five stages of their dynamical evolution, covering three successive passages through the perihelion, except the hyperbolic comets which are treated in a different manner. For about 100 of these long-period comets, their non-gravitational orbits are given, and for a comparison also their orbits obtained while neglecting the existence of non-gravitational acceleration are included. For many of the presented comets different orbital solutions, based on the alternative force models or various subsets of positional data are additionally given. The preferred orbit is always clearly indicated for each comet.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, public database: https://pad2.astro.amu.edu.pl/comets submitted for publication in A&A
Correlation functions, Bell's inequalities and the fundamental conservation laws
Creators: name: Unnikrishnan, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I derive the correlation function for a general theory of two-valued spin variables that satisfy the fundamental conservation law of angular momentum. The unique theory-independent correlation function is identical to the quantum mechanical correlation function. I prove that any theory of correlations of such discrete variables satisfying the fundamental conservation law of angular momentum violates the Bell's inequalities. Taken together with the Bell's theorem, this result has far reaching implications. No theory satisfying Einstein locality, reality in the EPR-Bell sense, and the validity of the conservation law can be constructed. Therefore, all local hidden variable theories are incompatible with fundamental symmetries and conservation laws. Bell's inequalities can be obeyed only by violating a conservation law. The implications for experiments on Bell's inequalities are obvious. The result provides new insight regarding entanglement, and its measures.
description: LaTeX, 12pt, 11 pages, 2 figures
Accurate Bounding-box Regression with Distance-IoU Loss for Visual Tracking
Creators: name: Yuan, Di
name: Shu, Xiu
name: Fan, Nana
name: Chang, Xiaojun
name: Liu, Qiao
name: He, Zhenyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most existing trackers are based on using a classifier and multi-scale estimation to estimate the target state. Consequently, and as expected, trackers have become more stable while tracking accuracy has stagnated. While trackers adopt a maximum overlap method based on an intersection-over-union (IoU) loss to mitigate this problem, there are defects in the IoU loss itself, that make it impossible to continue to optimize the objective function when a given bounding box is completely contained within/without another bounding box; this makes it very challenging to accurately estimate the target state. Accordingly, in this paper, we address the above-mentioned problem by proposing a novel tracking method based on a distance-IoU (DIoU) loss, such that the proposed tracker consists of target estimation and target classification. The target estimation part is trained to predict the DIoU score between the target ground-truth bounding-box and the estimated bounding-box. The DIoU loss can maintain the advantage provided by the IoU loss while minimizing the distance between the center points of two bounding boxes, thereby making the target estimation more accurate. Moreover, we introduce a classification part that is trained online and optimized with a Conjugate-Gradient-based strategy to guarantee real-time tracking speed. Comprehensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves competitive tracking accuracy when compared to state-of-the-art trackers while with a real-time tracking speed.
NoCsim : a versatile network on chip simulator
Creators: name: Jones, Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The new network on chip paradigm that has been proposed involves radical changes to SoC design methodology. In this paradigm large numbers of heterogeneous IP blocks will by integrated together using a standard template. Each IP block is capable of sending and receiving data packets through an interconnect. The non-scalability of buses as on-chip interconnects forces us to select a more scalable alternative for communication. Many different network-centric interconnects have been proposed for the large scale SoC domain such as k-ary n-cubes, butterfly fat-trees, k-ary n-trees, and octagons. With this network-on-chip (NoC) paradigm many new design challenges arise such as physical switch design, and network topology selection. Without any other means of predicting system performance, a network simulation tool is required to evaluate and compare networks. Several network simulation tools exist, but fail to contain all functionality desired for NoC simulation (e.g. wormhole switching support). To fill this void we have developed NoCSim, an iterative flit-level network on-chip simulator capable of simulating networks under a wide variety of parameters and topologies. The tool was developed, tested, and verified against an established network simulator.
Impacts of U.S. Graduate Degree Training on Capacity Building in Developing Countries: A Case Study of the Pulse CRSP
Creators: name: Jamora, Nelissa
name: Bernsten, Richard H.
name: Maredia, Mywish K.
name: Jamora, Nelissa
name: Bernsten, Richard H.
name: Maredia, Mywish K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Impact assessment
subject: Pulse CRSP
subject: USAID
subject: Training
subject: Graduate degree
subject: Beans
subject: Cowpeas

description: The Dry Grain Pulses Collaborative Research Support Program (Pulse CRSP) had allocated a major part of its resources to providing graduate degree training (GDT) of scientists/researchers in order to strengthen agricultural research capacity in Africa, Latin America, and the U.S. However, no systematic attempt had been made to assess the impact of this investment. The study adopted the Kirkpatrick framework as a guide for evaluating the impacts of GDT by the Pulse CRSP. The results were drawn from a survey of former trainees and researchers, supplemented by interviews with scientists and program administrators and an institutional case study. An important finding was that over 86% of host country trainees returned to their home country. In their enhanced capacity, trainees made contributions to the advancement of bean/cowpea research that can be attributed to their graduate degree training. Trainees reported that their GDT was necessary for their professional development and was highly relevant to their current job responsibility.
Black holes with Skyrmion-anti-Skyrmion hairs
Creators: name: Shnir, Yakov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct static axially symmetric black holes in multi-Skyrmion configurations coupled to Einstein gravity in four dimensional asymptotically flat space-time. In a simplest case the event horizon is located in-between a Skyrmion-anti-Skyrmion pair, other solutions represent black holes with gravitationally bounded chains of Skyrmions and anti-Skyrmions placed along the axis of symmetry in alternating order. We discuss the properties of these hairy black holes and exhibit their domain of existence.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
On the polar caps of the 3 Musketeers
Creators: name: De Luca, A.
name: Caraveo, P. A.
name: Mereghetti, S.
name: Negroni, M.
name: Bignami, G. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: XMM-Newton observations of PSR B0656+14, PSR B1055-52 and Geminga have substantially increased the statistics available for these three isolated neutron stars, so apparently similar to deserve the nickname of "Three Musketeers" (Becker & Truemper, 1997). Here we shall take advantage of the EPIC statistics to perform phase resolved spectroscopy for all three objects. The phase-averaged spectrum of the three musketeers is best described by a three component model. This includes two blackbody components, a cooler one, possibly originating from the bulk of the star surface, and a hotter one, coming from a smaller portion of the star surface (a "hot spot"), plus a power law. The relative contributions of the three components are seen to vary as a function of phase, as the stars' rotation bring into view different emitting regions. The hot spots, which have very different apparent dimensions (in spite of the similarity of the three neutron stars polar cap radii) are responsible for the bulk of the phase variation. The amplitude of the observed phase modulation is also markedly different for the three sources. Another striking aspect of our phase-resolved phenomenology is the apparent lack of any common phase alignement between the observed modulation patterns for the two blackbody components. They are seen to vary in phase in the case of PSR B1055-52, but in anti-phase in the case of PSR B0656+14. These findings do not support standard and simplistic models of neutron star magnetic field configuration and surface temperature distribution.
description: 42 pages, 17 postscript figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Cannon-Thurston Maps for Pared Manifolds of Bounded Geometry
Creators: name: Mj, Mahan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50

description: Let N^h be a hyperbolic 3-manifold of bounded geometry corresponding to a hyperbolic structure on a pared manifold (M,P). Further, suppose that (\partial{M} - P) is incompressible, i.e. the boundary of M is incompressible away from cusps. Further, suppose that M_{gf} is a geometrically finite hyperbolic structure on (M,P). Then there is a Cannon- Thurston map from the limit set of M_{gf} to that of N^h. Further, the limit set of N^h is locally connected. This answers in part a question attributed to Thurston.
description: 57 pages, 4 figures, Final version incorporating referee's comments. To appear in Geometry and Topology
A study of substrate noise in mixed-signal integrated circuits
Creators: name: Hekmat, Mohammad
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Integrating analog and radio-frequency (RF) circuits with digital blocks on a CMOS system-on-a-chip (SoC) has drawn a lot of attention, recently. One major obstacle at this high level of integration is the substrate noise, which results in undesired interaction between these circuits through the common substrate. Analog circuits are the main victims of such interactions; consequently, understanding the behaviour of substrate noise and performance degradations it causes, is indispensable for analog designers. This work addresses three aspects of substrate noise. First, substrate noise is characterized in the time and frequency domains to identify major parameters that control substrate noise generation, propagation, and reception. Effects of many parameters on the amount of noise generation and coupling are also studied. Second, this thesis investigates the noise impact on analog circuits from a circuit-level point of view by introducing a new small-signal model of the MOS device, which accounts for the substrate noise effects. While most works have focused on system-level or signallevel analysis, study of the noise from a circuit-level point of view is more beneficial for analog designers because it gives them more insight on how to improve the substrate noise rejection capability of their designs. Finally, noise reduction techniques are revisited in this work. The use of passive guardrings is reviewed in detail and the effects of many design parameters on the amount of noise attenuation provided by these structures are studied. The behaviour of guard-rings in different substrates are also discussed.
Additional file 7 of The development of early ascites is associated with shorter overall survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with drug-eluting embolic chemoembolization
Creators: name: Pipa-Muñiz, María
name: Sanmartino, Susana
name: Mesa, Alicia
name: Álvarez-Navascués, Carmen
name: Maria-Luisa González-Diéguez
name: Cadahía, Valle
name: José-Eduardo Rodríguez
name: Vega, Florentino
name: Rodríguez, Manuel
name: Serafin-Marcos Costilla-García
name: Varela, María
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 7 Supplementary Table 6. Cohort studies on TACE/DEB-TACE focused on alcohol etiology and survival.
Representations of the quantum Teichmuller space, and invariants of surface diffeomorphisms
Creators: name: Bonahon, Francis
name: Liu, Xiaobo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R56, 57M50, 20G42

description: We investigate the representation theory of the polynomial core of the quantum Teichmuller space of a punctured surface S. This is a purely algebraic object, closely related to the combinatorics of the simplicial complex of ideal cell decompositions of S. Our main result is that irreducible finite-dimensional representations of this polynomial core are classified, up to finitely many choices, by group homomorphisms from the fundamental group of the surface to the isometry group of the hyperbolic 3--space. We exploit this connection between algebra and hyperbolic geometry to exhibit new invariants of diffeomorphisms of S.
description: Revised introduction. To appear in Geometry & Topology
Disc and wind in black hole X-ray binary MAXIJ1820+070 observed through polarized light during its 2018 outburst
Creators: name: Kosenkov, Ilia A.
name: Veledina, Alexandra
name: Berdyugin, Andrei V.
name: Kravtsov, Vadim
name: Piirola, Vilppu
name: Berdyugina, Svetlana V.
name: Sakanoi, Takeshi
name: Kagitani, Masato
name: Poutanen, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the first complete polarimetric dataset of the entire outburst of a low-mass black hole X-ray binary system and discuss the constraints for geometry and radiative mechanisms it imposes. During the decaying hard state, when the optical flux is dominated by the non-thermal component, the observed polarization is consistent with the interstellar values in all filters. During the soft state, the intrinsic polarization of the source is small, $\sim 0.15$ per cent in $B$ and $V$ filters, and is likely produced in the irradiated disc. A much higher polarization, reaching $\sim 0.5$ per cent in $V$ and $R$ filters, at position angle of $\sim 25^\circ$ observed in the rising hard state coincides in time with the detection of winds in the system. This angle coincides with the position angle of the jet. The detected optical polarization is best explained by scattering of the non-thermal (hot flow or jet base) radiation in an equatorial wind.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. Accepted to MNRAS Letters
Mean Convex Hulls and Least Area Disks spanning Extreme Curves
Creators: name: Coskunuzer, Baris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A10 ; 57N10

description: We show that for any extreme curve in a 3-manifold M, there exist a canonical mean convex hull containing all least area disks spanning the curve. Similar result is true for asymptotic case in hyperbolic 3-space such that for any asymptotic curve, there is a canonical mean convex hull containing all minimal planes spanning that curve. Applying this to quasi-Fuchsian manifolds, we show that for any quasi-Fuchsian manifold, there exist a canonical mean convex core capturing all essential minimal surfaces. On the other hand, we also show that for a generic C^3-smooth curve in the boundary of C^3-smooth mean convex domain in R^3, there exist a unique least area disk spanning the curve.
description: 18 pages
Global bifurcation of anti-plane shear fronts
Creators: name: Chen, Robin Ming
name: Walsh, Samuel
name: Wheeler, Miles H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider anti-plane shear deformations of an incompressible elastic solid whose reference configuration is an infinite cylinder with a cross section that is unbounded in one direction. For a class of generalized neo-Hookean strain energy densities and live body forces, we construct unbounded curves of front-type solutions using global bifurcation theory. Some of these curves contain solutions with deformations of arbitrarily large magnitude.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures
Paris polyphylla subsp. homologue
Creators: name: Yin, Yan
name: Gao, Linhui
name: Zhang, Xianan
name: Gao, Wei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Liliales
Melanthiaceae
Paris
Paris polyphylla

description: 2.2. Cloning of a Paris polyphylla homologue of the steroid C-22    hydroxylase gene
 The entire cDNA sequence of the candidate gene c26719 was cloned and completely sequenced. The open reading frame of c26719 (GenBank: KX904822) is 1455 bp in length and encodes a protein of 484 amino acids with a molecular weight (MW) of 54,894.74 Da and a theoretical isoelectric point of 8.36. InterproScan analysis revealed that the protein encoded by c26719 belongs to the CYP450 superfamily, Eclass, group I with oxidoreductase activity. Analysis using the ScanProsite tool showed that the protein contains a cytochrome P450 cysteine heme-iron ligand signature (FSGGPRLCPG) at the position 422–431 aa (Fig. S1). The neighbor-joining tree of C-22 hydroxylase showed that the amino acid sequence of c26719 is most closely related to an orthologue from V. californicum (Fig. 3), a plant that also belongs to the Liliaceae and whose major secondary metabolites are steroid alkaloids. The BLAST results showed that the amino acid sequence of c26719 shared 82% identity with VcCYP90B27v1 (AJT59558.1), which prompted us to designate it as PpCYP90B27. Phylogenetic comparisons indicate that PpCYP90B27 is located in the cluster of the CYP90B subfamily, comprising the CYP90Bs that are responsible for the brassinosteroid biosynthesis pathway (Fig. 3), but has no more than 55% homology to other members, with especially different amino acids in the cytochrome P450 cysteine heme-iron ligand signature composition (Fig. S1). This suggests that PpCYP90B27 is involved in steroid C-22 hydroxylation, but the exact metabolic pathway it is specifically involved was uncertain.
description: Published as part of Yin, Yan, Gao, Linhui, Zhang, Xianan & Gao, Wei, 2018, A cytochrome P 450 monooxygenase responsible for the C- 22 hydroxylation step in the Paris polyphylla steroidal saponin biosynthesis pathway, pp. 116-123 in Phytochemistry 156 on page 118, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.09.005, http://zenodo.org/record/10484444
Streamline topology and dilute particle dynamics in a Karman vortex street flow
Creators: name: Wu, Zuo-Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three types of streamline topology in a Karman vortex street flow are shown under the variation of spatial parameters. For the motion of dilute particles in the Kármán vortex street flow, there exist a route of bifurcation to a chaotic orbit and more attractors in a bifurcation diagram for the proportion of particle density to fluid density. Along with the increase of spatial parameters in the flow filed, the bifurcation process is suspended, as well as more and more attractors emerge. In the motion of dilute particles, a drag term and gravity term dominate and result in the bifurcation phenomenon.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Concentration of normalized sums and a central limit theorem for noncorrelated random variables
Creators: name: Bobkov, Sergey G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60C05, 60F05, 60F10. (Primary)

description: For noncorrelated random variables, we study a concentration property of the family of distributions of normalized sums formed by sequences of times of a given large length.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000720 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Reviewing the Evidence for Pentaquarks
Creators: name: Dzierba, A. R.
name: Meyer, C. A.
name: Szczepaniak, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several experimental groups have reported evidence for baryons with flavor exotic quantum numbers that cannot be explained as $qqq$ bound states but require a minimum of five quarks -- $qqqq \bar q$. These pentaquark states include the $θ^{+}$, the $Ξ^{--}$ and the $θ_{c}$. The reported widths of these new states are consistent with experimental resolution and may be as narrow as a few MeV/$c^2$ or less. Prior to 2003, experimental searches for flavor exotic baryons spanning several decades yielded negative results. There have also been a number of searches carried out since the reports of these new pentaquark states that do not confirm their existence. This review of both the positive and negative reports seeks to understand the current situation regarding the experimental evidence for pentaquarks.
description: Talk presented by A. R. Dzierba at the First Meeting of the APS Topical Group on Hadronic Physics, October, 2004
Additional file 1 of Using Ethereum blockchain to store and query pharmacogenomics data via smart contracts
Creators: name: Gürsoy, Gamze
name: Brannon, Charlotte M.
name: Gerstein, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1 Supplementary Information. A pdf file including a flowchart showing the design of the fastQuery smart contract
Ill-posedness issues for nonlinear dispersive equations
Creators: name: Tzvetkov, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q53, 35A07, 35B30

description: These notes are devoted to the notion of well-posedness of the Cauchy problem for nonlinear dispersive equations. We present recent methods for proving ill-posedness type results for dispersive PDE's. The common feature in the analysis is that the proof of such results requires the construction of high frequency approximate solutions on small time intervals (possibly depending on the frequency).
description: Notes based on a course given at Hokkaido University in September 2004
Anisotropic ferromagnet with two spins per site
Creators: name: Piasecki, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Green function diagrammatic technique is used to investigate a model ferromagnet in the case, when the effective spin at a site is compounded of two anisotropically interacting electron spins. The results are: the transverse magnetic excitations and the longitudinal ones are obtained in the random phase approximation, magnetization and critical temperature are calculated to the first order in the reciprocal of the effective number z of ions interacting with a given ion, and exchange interaction at the same site gives the contrary effects in changes of the magnitudes mentioned above in dependence on the exchange-isotropy parameter I and the exchange-anisotropy parameter D.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Alpha matter on a lattice
Creators: name: Sedrakian, Armen
name: Müther, Herbert
name: Schuck, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the equation of state of interacting alpha matter and the critical temperature of Bose-Einstein condensation of alpha particles within an effective scalar field theory. We start from a non-relativistic model of uniform alpha matter interacting with attractive two-body and repulsive three-body potentials and reformulate this model as a O(2) symmetric scalar ϕ^6 field theory with negative quartic and positive sextic interactions. Upon restricting the Matsubara sums, near the temperature of Bose-Einstein condensation, to the zeroth order modes we further obtain an effective classical theory in three spatial dimensions. The phase diagram of the alpha matter is obtained from simulations of this effective field theory on a lattice using local Monte-Carlo algorithms.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures; v2: improved presentation, results unchanged; to appear in Nucl. Phys. A
Simulation of a Heisenberg XY- chain and realization of a perfect state transfer algorithm using liquid nuclear magnetic resonance
Creators: name: Zhang, Jingfu
name: Long, Gui Lu
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Deng, Zhiwei
name: Liu, Wenzhang
name: Lu, Zhiheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three- spin chain with Heisenberg XY- interaction is simulated in a three- qubit nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quantum computer. The evolution caused by the XY- interaction is decomposed into a series of single- spin rotations and the $J$- coupling evolutions between the neighboring spins. The perfect state transfer (PST) algorithm proposed by M. Christandl et al [Phys. Rev. Lett, 92, 187902(2004)] is realized in the XY- chain.
Wide band electro-optic intensity modulator frequency response measurement using optical heterodyne, Down-conversation Technique
Creators: name: Lam, Alfred Kan Min
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this thesis a novel system for measuring the frequency responses of electrooptic intensity modulators in the millimeter-wave regime is described. As the frequency responses of modulators increase, wide band, and cost effective methods to measure these responses need to be developed. The system described in this thesis uses optical heterodyning and a wide band photodiode to generate millimeter-waves to drive the device under test (DUT). The need for a wide band microwave sweeper can therefore be eliminated. Moreover, an inexpensive frequency shifter consisting of a Mach-Zehnder modulator and an optical bandpass filter is used to down-convert the output of the DUT to a low microwave frequency at which the output is easily measured. The system measures | S₂₁ | in dBe. The system can measure the frequency responses of different types of electrooptic intensity modulators such as Mach-Zehnder modulators, mode-converter modulators, electro-optic polymer modulators, and should also work for electroabsorption modulators. In this thesis, the frequency response measurement system is described, and mathematical expressions for the optical fields at the output of an electro-optic modulator are developed when the DUT is biased or operated at its maximum, quadrature, and minimum points. High frequency measurements on a 10 Gb/s LiNbO₃ Mach-Zehnder type modulator and a 40 Gb/s GaAs mode-converter type modulator are made. The measurements show close agreement with | S₂₁ | measurements made using vector network analyzers and calibrated wide band photodiodes. In addition, the harmonic rejection feature of our system is described. Our system "rejects" higher order harmonics, due to the non-linearities, generated in the DUT with proper selection of the modulation and the shift frequencies. This feature means that our system can measure the linear frequency response of the DUT even if it is operated, or biased, in a non-linear region.
Spontaneous Lorentz Violation, Nambu-Goldstone Modes, and Gravity
Creators: name: Bluhm, Robert
name: Kostelecky, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fate of the Nambu-Goldstone modes arising from spontaneous Lorentz violation is investigated. Using the vierbein formalism, it is shown that up to 10 Lorentz and diffeomorphism Nambu-Goldstone modes can appear and that they are contained within the 10 modes of the vierbein associated with gauge degrees of freedom in a Lorentz-invariant theory. A general treatment of spontaneous local Lorentz and diffeomorphism violation is given for various spacetimes, and the fate of the Nambu-Goldstone modes is shown to depend on both the spacetime geometry and the dynamics of the tensor field triggering the spontaneous Lorentz violation. The results are illustrated within the general class of bumblebee models involving vacuum values for a vector field. In Minkowski and Riemann spacetimes, the bumblebee model provides a dynamical theory generating a photon as a Nambu-Goldstone boson for spontaneous Lorentz violation. The Maxwell and Einstein-Maxwell actions are automatically recovered in axial gauge. Associated effects of potential experimental relevance include Lorentz-violating couplings in the matter and gravitational sectors of the Standard-Model Extension and unconventional Lorentz-invariant couplings. In Riemann-Cartan spacetime, the possibility also exists of a Higgs mechanism for the spin connection, leading to the absorption of the propagating Nambu-Goldstone modes into the torsion component of the gravitational field.
description: 16 pages REVTeX
Optimized Large Hyperuniform Binary Colloidal Suspensions in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Ma, Zheng
name: Lomba, Enrique
name: Torquato, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The creation of disordered hyperuniform materials with potentially extraordinary optical properties requires a capacity to synthesize large samples that are effectively hyperuniform down to the nanoscale. Motivated by this challenge, we propose a fabrication protocol using binary superparamagnetic colloidal particles confined in a 2D plane. The strong and long-ranged dipolar interaction induced by a tunable magnetic field is free from screening effects that attenuates long-ranged electrostatic interactions in charged colloidal systems. Specifically, we find a family of optimal size ratios that makes the two-phase system effectively hyperuniform. We show that hyperuniformity is a general consequence of low isothermal compressibilities, which makes our protocol suitable to systems with other long-ranged soft interactions, dimensionalities and/or polydispersity. Our methodology paves the way to synthesize large photonic hyperuniform materials that function in the visible to infrared range and hence may accelerate the discovery of novel photonic materials.
Superconductivity in porous MgB2
Creators: name: Grinenko, V. A.
name: Krasnoperov, E. P.
name: Stoliarov, V. A.
name: Bush, A. A.
name: Mikhajlov, B. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Porous magnesium diboride samples have been prepared by the heat treatment of a pressed mixture of Mg and MgB2 powders. It was found that linked superconducting structure is formed down to the minimum normalized density gamma= d/do= 0.16 (percolation threshold), where d is the density of MgB2 averaged over the sample, do= 2.62 g/cm3 is the X-ray density. Lattice parameters and critical temperature of the porous sample decrease with increasing porosity (decreasing gamma) and Tc2= 32K is minimal at gamma= 0.16. The grain boundaries in the porous samples are transparent for the current and Jc~3.105A/cm2 in self field at T= 20K in the samples with gamma~ 0.24.
description: 6 pages, 4 figs. We have made principal changes in the results discussion. Paper has been accepted for publication in Solid State Communications (2006)
Additional file 5 of The development of early ascites is associated with shorter overall survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with drug-eluting embolic chemoembolization
Creators: name: Pipa-Muñiz, María
name: Sanmartino, Susana
name: Mesa, Alicia
name: Álvarez-Navascués, Carmen
name: Maria-Luisa González-Diéguez
name: Cadahía, Valle
name: José-Eduardo Rodríguez
name: Vega, Florentino
name: Rodríguez, Manuel
name: Serafin-Marcos Costilla-García
name: Varela, María
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5 Supplementary Table 4. Time dependent-covariate analysis. Univariate model.