cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION AND IMPLICATIONS FOR COMPETITIVENESS IN INTERNATIONAL PORK TRADE
Creators: name: Metcalfe, Mark R.
name: Metcalfe, Mark R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: This paper was presented at the INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS SYMPOSIUM in Auckland, New Zealand, January 18-19, 2001. The Symposium was sponsored by: the International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium, the Venture Trust, Massey University, New Zealand, and the Centre for Applied Economics and Policy Studies, Massey University. Dietary changes, especially in developing countries, are driving a massive increase in demand for livestock products. The objective of this symposium was to examine the consequences of this phenomenon, which some have even called a "revolution." How are dietary patterns changing, and can increased demands for livestock products be satisfied from domestic resources? If so, at what cost? What will be the flow-on impacts, for example, in terms of increased demands for feedgrains and the pressures for change within marketing systems? A supply-side response has been the continued development of large-scale, urban-based industrial livestock production systems that in many cases give rise to environmental concerns. If additional imports seem required, where will they originate and what about food security in the importing regions? How might market access conditions be re-negotiated to make increased imports achievable? Other important issues discussed involved food safety, animal health and welfare and the adoption of biotechnology, and their interactions with the negotiation of reforms to domestic and trade policies. Individual papers from this conference are available on AgEcon Search. If you would like to see the complete agenda and set of papers from this conference, please visit the IATRC Symposium web page at: http://www1.umn.edu/iatrc.intro.htm
Spectral measurement of the breakdown limit of $β-Ga_{2}O_{3}$ and tunnel ionization of self-trapped excitons and holes
Creators: name: Adnan, Md M.
name: Verma, Darpan
name: Xia, Zhanbo
name: Kalarickal, Nidhin K.
name: Rajan, Siddharth
name: Myers, Roberto C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $β-Ga_{2}O_{3}$ is an unusual semiconductor where large electric fields (~1-6 MV/cm) can be applied while still maintaining a dominant excitonic absorption peak below its ultra-wide bandgap. This provides a rare opportunity in the solid-state to examine exciton and carrier self-trapping dynamics in the strong-field limit at steady-state. Under sub-bandgap photon excitation, we observe a field-induced red-shift of the spectral photocurrent peak associated with exciton absorption and threshold-like increase in peak amplitude at high-field associated with self-trapped hole ionization. The field-dependent spectral response is quantitatively fit with an eXciton-modified Franz-Keldysh (XFK) effect model, which includes the electric-field dependent exciton binding energy due to the quadratic Stark effect. A saturation of the spectral red-shift with reverse bias is observed exactly at the onset of dielectric breakdown providing a spectral means to detect and quantify the local electric field and dielectric breakdown behavior. Additionally, the field-dependent responsivity provides insight to the photocurrent production pathway revealing the photocurrent contributions of self-trapped excitons (STXs) and self-trapped holes (STHs). Photocurrent and p-type transport in $β-Ga_{2}O_{3}$ are quantitatively explained by field-dependent tunnel ionization of excitons and self-trapped holes. We employ a quantum mechanical model of the field-dependent tunnel ionization of STX and STH to model the non-linear field-dependence of the photocurrent amplitude. Fitting to the data, we estimate an effective mass of valence band holes $(18.8 m_{0})$ and an ultrafast self-trapping time of holes (0.045 fs). This indicates that minority-hole transport in $β-Ga_{2}O_{3}$ can only arise through tunnel ionization of STH under strong fields.
description: 47 pages, 12 figures
TECHNICAL BARRIERS IN THE GLOBAL POULTRY MARKET: A SEARCH FOR 'MISSING TRADE'
Creators: name: Josling, Timothy E.
name: Orden, David
name: Roberts, Donna
name: Josling, Timothy E.
name: Orden, David
name: Roberts, Donna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This paper was presented at the INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS SYMPOSIUM in Auckland, New Zealand, January 18-19, 2001. The Symposium was sponsored by: the International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium, the Venture Trust, Massey University, New Zealand, and the Centre for Applied Economics and Policy Studies, Massey University. Dietary changes, especially in developing countries, are driving a massive increase in demand for livestock products. The objective of this symposium was to examine the consequences of this phenomenon, which some have even called a "revolution." How are dietary patterns changing, and can increased demands for livestock products be satisfied from domestic resources? If so, at what cost? What will be the flow-on impacts, for example, in terms of increased demands for feedgrains and the pressures for change within marketing systems? A supply-side response has been the continued development of large-scale, urban-based industrial livestock production systems that in many cases give rise to environmental concerns. If additional imports seem required, where will they originate and what about food security in the importing regions? How might market access conditions be re-negotiated to make increased imports achievable? Other important issues discussed involved food safety, animal health and welfare and the adoption of biotechnology, and their interactions with the negotiation of reforms to domestic and trade policies. Individual papers from this conference are available on AgEcon Search. If you would like to see the complete agenda and set of papers from this conference, please visit the IATRC Symposium web page at: http://www1.umn.edu/iatrc.intro.htm
The Einstein-Vlasov-Maxwell(EVM) System with Spherical Symmetry
Creators: name: Noundjeu, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We look for the global in time solution of the Cauchy problem corresponding to the asymptotically flat spherically symmetric EVM system with small initial data. Using an estimate, we also prove that if solution of the system stated above develops a singularity at all time, then the first one has to appear at the center of symmetry.
description: 24 pages, submitted to the Math.Proc.Camb.Phil.Soc
Integrated Development of Agricultural Recreation and Health and Wellness Industry in the Big Health Era
Creators: name: WANG Mengdie
name: WANG Mengdie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural recreation, Health and wellness industry, Industrial integration, Rural revitalization

description: Deep integration of agricultural recreation and health and wellness industry is an inevitable choice for the development of China's agricultural recreation and the transformation and upgrading of the agricultural industry. The development of agricultural recreation and health and wellness industry is inseparable from the four dimensions: production, living, ecology, and life. Therefore, the integration of agricultural recreation and health and wellness industry should also be promoted from the four aspects: production content, living content, ecological content, and life content. At the current stage in China, insufficient integration of the two is mainly manifested as lagging infrastructure, insufficient effective supply, shallow cultural connotations, lack of professional talents, and incomplete industry chain. The path to promote the deep integration of China's agricultural recreation and health and wellness industry includes improving the recreation, health and wellness infrastructure and supporting facilities, developing specialty products and experience projects for recreation, health and wellness, building a brand of recreation, health and wellness culture, cultivating and introducing professional management and service talents, and planning systematic layout of the recreation, health and wellness industry.
IMPACTS OF FINANCIAL CHARACTERISTICS AND THE BOOM-BUST CYCLE ON THE FARM INVENTORY-CASH FLOW RELATIONSHIP
Creators: name: Bierlen, Ralph W.
name: Ahrendsen, Bruce L.
name: Dixon, Bruce L.
name: Bierlen, Ralph W.
name: Ahrendsen, Bruce L.
name: Dixon, Bruce L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Cash flow
subject: Credit constraints
subject: Farm cycles
subject: Farm inventories
subject: Investment
subject: Investment models

description: The sensitivity of farm inventory investment to movements in cash flow is tested. Inventories should be sensitive to shifts in cash flow because inventory investment is readily reversible and inventories are a significant portion of assets. Investment models estimated with Kansas farm panel data indicate that: (a) farms absorb internal finance shocks by adjusting inventories, (b) the inventory investment of livestock and high-debt farms are more sensitive to movements in cash flow than crop and low-debt farms, and (c) inventory investment is more sensitive to cash flow during the 1981-86 bust and the 1987-92 recovery than during the 1975-80 boom.
Photon wave function
Creators: name: Bialynicki-Birula, Iwo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photon wave function is a controversial concept. Controversies stem from the fact that photon wave functions can not have all the properties of the Schroedinger wave functions of nonrelativistic wave mechanics. Insistence on those properties that, owing to peculiarities of photon dynamics, cannot be rendered, led some physicists to the extreme opinion that the photon wave function does not exist. I reject such a fundamentalist point of view in favor of a more pragmatic approach. In my view, the photon wave function exists as long as it can be precisely defined and made useful.
description: 52 pages, review paper
ANALYSIS OF CHANGING METHODS OF VERTICAL COORDINATION IN THE PORK INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Martinez, Stephen W.
name: Smith, Kevin E.
name: Zering, Kelly D.
name: Martinez, Stephen W.
name: Smith, Kevin E.
name: Zering, Kelly D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Contracts
subject: Hogs
subject: Lean pork
subject: Simulation model
subject: Vertical coordination
subject: Vertical integration

description: This study examines the motivation behind contracts and vertical integration in the pork industry, and simulates the effects of potential improvements in coordination. Incentives related to lowering costs of measuring and sorting hogs, and protecting against opportunistic behavior associated with specific assets, can result in hog quality improvements. A framework for simulating the effects of increased coordination through contracts and vertical integration was developed and used to evaluate potential improvements in leanness. Although simulations suggest only modest changes in pork prices and supplies, gains in consumers' surplus could be substantial for larger demand shifts due to quality improvements.
Current Development Situations and Countermeasures of Edible Fungus Industry in Heilongjiang Province in the Context of Rural Revitalization
Creators: name: CHEN Runqing
name: CHEN Runqing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Edible fungus, Rural revitalization, Heilongjiang Province, Current development situations

description: The rise of the edible fungus industry has not only greatly increased the income of Chinese farmers, but also promoted the economic, social and ecological development of rural areas. Through a survey of the edible fungus industry in Heilongjiang Province, it found problems such as insufficient standardized production bases, insufficient coverage of "Internet + edible fungi", weak industrial clusters, conservative management ideas, and lack of professional talents. The development potential of edible fungi was analyzed and reasonable recommendations were put forward to promote the healthy, efficient and sustainable development of the edible fungus industry in Heilongjiang Province.
Locality and General Vacua in Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Colosi, Daniele
name: Oeckl, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the framework of general boundary quantum field theory (GBQFT) to achieve a fully local description of realistic quantum field theories. This requires the quantization of non-Kähler polarizations which occur generically on timelike hypersurfaces in Lorentzian spacetimes as has been shown recently. We achieve this in two ways: On the one hand we replace Hilbert space states by observables localized on hypersurfaces, in the spirit of algebraic quantum field theory. On the other hand we apply the GNS construction to twisted star-structures to obtain Hilbert spaces, motivated by the notion of reflection positivity of the Euclidean approach to quantum field theory. As one consequence, the well-known representation of a vacuum state in terms of a sea of particle pairs in the Hilbert space of another vacuum admits a vast generalization to non-Kähler vacua, particularly relevant on timelike hypersurfaces.
How peculiar is the "peculiar variable" DZ Crucis (Nova Cru 2003)?
Creators: name: Rushton, M. T.
name: Evans, A.
name: Eyres, S. P. S.
name: van Loon, J. Th.
name: Smalley, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The variable star DZ Cru was thought to be a nova when it was discovered in eruption in 2003 August. This explanation was later challenged, however, when the first spectra of the object were reported. We present near infrared spectroscopy of DZ Cru obtained at the New Technology Telescope on 3 occasions, starting 1.5 years after outburst, with the aim of establishing the nature of the object. The spectra display H I, O I, [N I] emission lines, together with He I P Cygni lines superposed on a dust continuum. These observations suggest the "peculiar variable in Crux'' is a classical nova.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. MNRAS in press
Classical simulation of Gaussian quantum circuits with non-Gaussian input states
Creators: name: Chabaud, Ulysse
name: Ferrini, Giulia
name: Grosshans, Frédéric
name: Markham, Damian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Gaussian quantum circuits supplemented with non-Gaussian input states and derive sufficient conditions for efficient classical strong simulation of these circuits. In particular, we generalise the stellar representation of continuous-variable quantum states to the multimode setting and relate the stellar rank of the input non-Gaussian states, a recently introduced measure of non-Gaussianity, to the cost of evaluating classically the output probability densities of these circuits. Our results have consequences for the strong simulability of a large class of near-term continuous-variable quantum circuits.
description: 8+6 pages, 3 figures. Comments welcome!
$T\bar{T}$-flow effects on torus partition functions
Creators: name: He, Song
name: Sun, Yuan
name: Zhang, Yu-Xuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the partition functions of conformal field theories (CFTs) with the $T\bar{T}$ deformation on a torus in terms of the perturbative QFT approach. In Lagrangian path integral formalism, the first- and second-order deformations to the partition functions of 2D free bosons, free Dirac fermions, and free Majorana fermions on a torus are obtained. The corresponding Lagrangian counterterms in these theories are also discussed. The first two orders of the deformed partition functions and the first-order vacuum expectation value (VEV) of the first quantum KdV charge obtained by the perturbative QFT approach are consistent with results obtained by the Hamiltonian formalism in literature.
description: 40 pages, 1 figure; v4: Match the published version in JHEP
Selection Games on Hyperspaces
Creators: name: Caruvana, Christopher
name: Holshouser, Jared
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54C35, 54D20

description: In this paper we connect selection principles on a topological space to corresponding selection principles on one of its hyperspaces. We unify techniques and generalize theorems from the known results about selection principles for common hyperspace constructions. This includes results of Lj.D.R. Kočinac, Z. Li, and others. We use selection games to generalize selection principles and we work with strategies of various strengths for these games. The selection games we work with are primarily abstract versions of the selection principles of Rothberger, Menger, and Hurewicz type, as well as games of countable fan tightness and selective separability. The hyperspace constructions that we work with are the Vietoris and Fell topologies, both upper and full, generated by ideals of closed sets. Using a new technique we are able to extend straightforward connections between topological constructs to connections between selection games related to those constructs. This extension process works regardless of the length of the game, the kind of selection being performed, or the strength of the strategy being considered.
PERFORMANCE OF ALTERNATIVE COMPONENT PRICING SYSTEMS FOR PORK
Creators: name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Akridge, Jay T.
name: Boland, Michael A.
name: Mauney, Sean
name: Forrest, John C.
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Akridge, Jay T.
name: Boland, Michael A.
name: Mauney, Sean
name: Forrest, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Carcass merit
subject: Component pricing
subject: Electromagnetic scanning
subject: Pork

description: One method of implementing value-based marketing is a component pricing system. This research develops and evaluates alternative component pricing systems for pork. Two electronic technologies for estimating carcass components (optical probe and electromagnetic scanner) were evaluated on two sets of data representing different populations. Model accuracy increased as additional components were added.
Countermeasures for Constructing Provincial Modern Agricultural Industrial Park: Taking Jellyfish Industry, the Leading Industry of Yingkou City as an Example
Creators: name: HAN Qiuxiang
name: DONG Shengzhong
name: LIU Ting
name: LIU  Xianghong
name: HAN Qiuxiang
name: DONG Shengzhong
name: LIU Ting
name: LIU  Xianghong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Modern agriculture, Industrial park, Jellyfish

description: At present, modern agricultural industrial park with large-scale planting and breeding base as a platform has become an innovative measure to promote the development of regional modern agriculture and an important starting point for the implementation of rural industry revitalization, and it has been highly valued by local governments. Yingkou City has established and developed a modern agricultural industrial park with jellyfish as the leading industry. This will effectively fill the gap in this work in Yingkou City and boost the development of the jellyfish industry. This study provides strong support for the promotion of the city card of "China’s Hometown of Jellyfish".
Coherent Forward Scattering Peak and Multifractality
Creators: name: Martinez, Maxime
name: Lemarié, Gabriel
name: Georgeot, Bertrand
name: Miniatura, Christian
name: Giraud, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been shown that interference effects in disordered systems give rise to two non-trivial structures: the coherent backscattering (CBS) peak, a well-known signature of interference effects in the presence of disorder, and the coherent forward scattering (CFS) peak, which emerges when Anderson localization sets in. We study here the CFS effect in the presence of quantum multifractality, a fundamental property of several systems, such as the Anderson model at the metal-insulator transition. We focus on Floquet systems, and find that the CFS peak shape and its peak height dynamics are generically controlled by the multifractal dimensions $D_1$ and $D_2$, and by the spectral form factor. We check our results using a 1D Floquet system whose states have multifractal properties controlled by a single parameter. Our predictions are fully confirmed by numerical simulations and analytic perturbation expansions on this model. Our results, which we believe to be generic, provide an original and direct way to detect and characterize multifractality in experimental systems.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DISCLOSURE OF LISTED FIRMS ON NIGERIAN EXCHANGE GROUP
Creators: name: Innocent, Chukwuebuka Nnubia
name: Etuka Chinelo, Eunice (PhD),
name: Ezeh,, Augutina A.
name: Ifedigbuo Anne, Chimerue
Publisher: name: TOP Journal
Year: 2024
Subjects: managerial ownership, ownership concentration, institutional ownership, government ownership, CSR disclosure.

description: The study investigated the relationship between Ownership structure and corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure of manufacturing firms in Nigeria. To achieve the objective, Ownership structure key proxy variables were used in the study, namely managerial ownership, ownership concentration, institutional ownership and government ownership while CSR disclosure which is the dependent variable on the other hand is measured using dummy. Using Judgmental sampling method, sample of thirty (30) listed manufacturing firms over ten (10) year period on five (5) focus variables were purposively selected from seventy-two (72) populated firms. Four hypotheses were formulated to guide the investigation and the statistical test of parameter estimates was conducted using Pearson Correlation Method and Binary Logistic regression analysis. Ex-post facto research design was adopted and data for the study were obtained from the internet, annual financial reports of the selected firms, Nigerian Exchange Group with data spanning from 2010 - 2019. Analyses of data indicated that all the independence variables such as MAOW = 0.126069, COOW = 0.130235, INSO = 0.169261 and GOVO = 0.100122 were observed to have positive association with CSR disclosure of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. This means that an increase in these variables will lead to an increase in CSR disclosure. Though, only institutional ownership has significant influence on CSR disclosure in Nigeria at 5% level of significance. This finding reveals that an increase in Institutional ownership structure will tends to significantly increase CSR disclosure in Nigerian manufacturing firms The report draws the conclusion that Institutional ownership is a significant factor in determining CSR disclosure, and that its optimality is therefore necessary for a better outcome based on the study's findings. It is consequently stated that larger Institutional ownership structure should be encouraged because companies with high institutional ownership are strongly motivated to reveal more information to gain the support of institutional investors to justify their sustained stewardship.
Further constraints on the evolution of Ks-selected galaxies in the GOODS/CDFS field
Creators: name: Caputi, K. I.
name: McLure, R. J.
name: Dunlop, J. S.
name: Cirasuolo, M.
name: Schael, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have selected and analysed the properties of a sample of 2905 Ks<21.5 galaxies in ~ 131 sq.arcmin of the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS) Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS), to obtain further constraints on the evolution of Ks-selected galaxies with respect to the results already obtained in previous studies. We made use of the public deep multiwavelength imaging from the optical B through the infrared (IR) 4.5 micron bands, in conjunction with available spectroscopic and COMBO17 data in the CDFS, to construct an optimised redshift catalogue for our galaxy sample. We computed the Ks-band LF and determined that its characteristic magnitude has a substantial brightening and a decreasing total density from z=0 to =2.5. We also analysed the colours and number density evolution of galaxies with different stellar masses. Within our sample, and in contrast to what is observed for less massive systems, the vast majority (~ 85-90%) of the most massive (M>2.5x10^11 Msun) local galaxies appear to be in place before redshift z ~1. Around 65-70% of the total assemble between redshifts z=1 and z=3 and most of them display extremely red colours, suggesting that plausible star formation in these very massive systems should mainly proceed in obscured, short-timescale bursts. The remaining fraction (up to ~ 20%) could be in place at even higher redshifts z=3-4, pushing the first epoch of formation of massive galaxies beyond the limits of current near-IR surveys.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 16 pages, 15 figures
AN EXAMINATION OF TRENDS IN GEOGRAPHIC CONCENTRATION IN U.S. HOG PRODUCTION, 1974-96
Creators: name: Hubbell, Bryan J.
name: Welsh, Rick
name: Hubbell, Bryan J.
name: Welsh, Rick
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Entropy
subject: Geographic concentration
subject: Hog production

description: Geographic concentration in U.S. hog production from 1974-96 is investigated using a measure based on Theil's entropy index. For the U.S. as a whole, geographic concentration is occurring at a slow rate, both for hog farms and hog numbers. However, for particular states, primarily in the new Southern Atlantic production region, concentration is high and increasing at a rapid pace. Concentration was increasing for the 23-year period for 16 out of the 20 states in the analysis. Results indicate that geographic concentration by augmentation is occurring to the greatest degree in Arkansas, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, and Pennsylvania.
Critical behavior for impact fragmentation of spherical solid bodies sensitive to strain rate
Creators: name: Myagkov, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the impact fragmentation of two spherical solid bodies sensitive to strain rate in a three-dimensional (3D) setting. We use both dimensional analysis and numerical simulations by smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method to shed light on this problem. The key point of the work is the assumption of complete self-similarity of the problem under consideration with respect to the effective strain rate parameter Eeff, which is verified by numerical simulations. As a result we consider the two cases corresponding to the high-velocity Eeff >> 1, and low-velocity Eeff <<1 loading. The size of the system may be characterized by the total number of the SPH particles Ntot approximating each sphere. It is shown that for finite system the critical velocity of fragmentation at high-velocity loading exceeds that at low-velocity loading . With an unlimited increase in the system size these velocities become the same. It is shown that the critical velocity of fragmentation depend on the system size in a quadratic manner, i.e. Vc^2 -Vc(inf)^2 ~ Ntot ^(1/3nu) where nu is a correlation length exponent.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, 29 references
GALICS -- VI. Modelling Hierarchical Galaxy Formation in Clusters
Creators: name: Lanzoni, B.
name: Guiderdoni, B.
name: Mamon, G. A.
name: Devriendt, J.
name: Hatton, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution N-body re-simulations of 15 massive (10^{14}-10^{15} Msun) dark matter haloes have been combined with the hybrid galaxy formation model GalICS (Hatton et al. 2003), to study the formation and evolution of galaxies in clusters, within the framework of the hierarchical merging scenario. New features in GalICS include a better description of galaxy positioning within dark matter haloes, a more reliable computation of the temperature of the inter-galactic medium as a function of redshift, and a description of the ram pressure stripping process. We focus on the luminosity functions, morphological fractions and colour distributions of galaxies in clusters and in cluster outskirts, at z=0. No systematic dependency on cluster richness is found either for the galaxy luminosity functions, morphological mixes, or colour distributions. Moving from higher density (cluster cores), to lower density environments (cluster outskirts), we detect a progressive flattening of the luminosity functions, an increase of the fraction of spirals and a decrease of that of ellipticals and S0s, and the progressive emergence of a bluer tail in the distributions of galaxy colours, especially for spirals. As compared to cluster spirals, early-type galaxies show a flatter luminosity function, and more homogeneous and redder colours. An overall good agreement is found between our results and the observations, particularly in terms of the cluster luminosity functions and morphological mixes. However, some discrepancies are also apparent, with too faint magnitudes of the brightest cluster members, especially in the B band, and galaxy colours tendentially too red (or not blue enough) in the model, with respect to the observations. Finally, ram pressure stripping appears to affect very little our results.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 17 pages, 11 figures. High-resolution Figure 1 available in the on-line version of the paper
The Dark (and Bright) Side of IoT: Attacks and Countermeasures for Identifying Smart Home Devices and Services
Creators: name: Hussain, Ahmed Mohamed
name: Oligeri, Gabriele
name: Voigt, Thiemo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a new machine learning-based attack that exploits network patterns to detect the presence of smart IoT devices and running services in the WiFi radio spectrum. We perform an extensive measurement campaign of data collection, and we build up a model describing the traffic patterns characterizing three popular IoT smart home devices, i.e., Google Nest Mini, Amazon Echo, and Amazon Echo Dot. We prove that it is possible to detect and identify with overwhelming probability their presence and the services running by the aforementioned devices in a crowded WiFi scenario. This work proves that standard encryption techniques alone are not sufficient to protect the privacy of the end-user, since the network traffic itself exposes the presence of both the device and the associated service. While more work is required to prevent non-trusted third parties to detect and identify the user's devices, we introduce Eclipse, a technique to mitigate these types of attacks, which reshapes the traffic making the identification of the devices and the associated services similar to the random classification baseline.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for the 9th International Symposium On Security And Privacy On Internet of Things (SPIoT), 2020
Elastic Models for the Non-Arrhenius Relaxation Time of Glass-Forming Liquids
Creators: name: Dyre, Jeppe C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We first review the phenomenology of viscous liquids and the standard models used for explaining the non-Arrhenius average relaxation time. Then the focus is turned to the so-called elastic models, arguing that these models are all equivalent in the Einstein approximation (where the short-time elastic properties are all determined by just one effective, temperature-dependent force constant). We finally discuss the connection between the elastic models and two well-established research fields of condensed-matter physics: point defects in crystals and solid-state diffusion.
description: Paper presented at the IWCS2005 (Nov. 2005, Sendai, Japan)
Estimulando a lógica de programação em estudantes de Tecnologia em Mecatrônica usando Laboratório Remoto com Raspberry e Arduino
Creators: name: Matheus De Paula
name: Vitor Bremgartner,
name: Cavalcante, Marisa Almeida
name: Fernandes, Priscila
name: Úrsula Abecassis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Computational Thinking
Educational Robotics;
Raspberry;
Remote Laboratory.
Arduino

description: This paper presents a remote lab focused on Programming Language teaching. To do this, we used technologies with physical capabilities suitable to the laboratory, which have low market costs and possibilities of interaction with other technologies, such as Raspberry PI and Arduino. The remote lab presented in this research stimulates users to Computational Thinking as it provides a new way of solving problems through logic. We use the Blockino server that makes it possible to program the Arduino board through codes in plug-in blocks, giving the user greater ease in solving problems and challenges. The remote experiments developed for this remote lab focused on the Programming Language discipline of a course in Mechatronics Technology, in which it was submitted to a technology acceptance questionnaire in order to analyze the perceived utility and ease of use while handling the system. For most of the interviewees, remote experiments were considered useful for learning the discipline and would recommend the remote experiments to a beginner in the modality and many students would like to have more classes with this approach. The work
 developed allows transforming the theoretical contents in remote and real environments that lead to the student new perspectives of approach of the education obtained in the educational environment.
description: Trabalho apresentado em sessão de comunicação oral no Challenges 2019: Desafios da Inteligência Artificial, Artificial Intelligence Challenges, realizado na Universidade do Minho. Centro de Competência Campus de Gualtar Braga, Portugal. Artigo completo na ata do evento em maio de 2019. Apresentação por vídeo conferencia.
Agriculture in a Global Perspective
Creators: name: Harris, Jonathan M.
name: Harris, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: In the twenty-first century, it is evident that world agricultural systems will have to supply sufficient food for a population somewhere between 7.5 and 12 billion. Projections for world agriculture in the first half of the twenty-first century very widely, largely depending on assumptions about yield growth. An investigation of the patterns of yield growth for major cereal crops offers evidence that the pattern is logistic, implying that an upper limit to yields is being approached. This pattern is consistent with ecological limits on soil fertility, water availability, and nutrient uptake. It is also evident that current agricultural production is imposing serious strains on ecosystems, with widespread soil degradation, water overdraft and pollution, and ecological impacts such as loss of biodiversity and the proliferation of resistant pest species. The issue therefore is not simply the balance of supply and demand in agriculture. It is the need to develop ecologically sustainable agricultural systems which can provide an agricultural output about twice present aggregate levels (allowing for per capita growth in consumption). This level of output would support a population of about 8 billion. In addition, a population policy which can avert any much higher growth is essential. Evidence exists to show that ecologically sustainable cropping systems can supply overall outputs comparable to intensive high-input agriculture. (The measure of overall output is distinct from the more commonly used measure of single-crop yields.) This evidence, however, is more compelling for temperate zones with good soils. Much more research is needed on sustainable agriculture for tropical and arid zones. Agricultural policies need to be reformulated to meet the new goal of sustainability. These sustainable agriculture policies must be developed in tandem with population policies to ensure that population growth remains in the lower ranges of current projections.
Evaluation of Traffic Paint in 1952
Creators: name: Peed, A. C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1952
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Following the program of in-service transverse stripe evaluation coupled with laboratory study of traffic paint samples submitted by various manufacturers who propose to bid on the Departments paint requirements, field stripes were placed August 19, 1952. For this test stripes were placed in the same general location as that used the two previous years (U.S. 27 south of Lexington at the junction of the concrete and bituminous pavements). Gradings contained herein were made December 27, 1952, and thus represent a somewhat premature five-month evaluation. However, the set of stripes placed in 1951 were scrutinized since they had sixteen months of service, and those paints which appeared in good condition in both groups have been selected as the most desirable and are recommended. In the case of paints which were placed this year but were not previously tested, no discrimination was made except to note the evaluation as tentative and subject to change as more data became available.
Bose-Einstein Condensation of S = 1 Ni spin degrees of freedom in NiCl2-4SC(NH2)2
Creators: name: Zapf, V. S.
name: Zocco, D.
name: Jaime, M.
name: Harrison, N.
name: Lacerda, A.
name: Batista, C. D.
name: Paduan-Filho, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been suggested that the organic compound NiCl$_2$-4SC(NH$_2$)$_2$ (DTN) exhibits Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) of the Ni spin degrees of freedom for fields applied along the tetragonal c-axis. The Ni spins exhibit 3D XY-type antiferromagnetic order above a field-induced quantum critical point at $H_{c1} \sim 2$ T. The Ni spin fluid can be characterized as a system of effective bosons with a hard-core repulsive interaction in which the antiferromagnetic state corresponds to a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of the phase coherent $S = 1$ Ni spin system. We have investigated the the high-field phase diagram and the occurrence of BEC in DTN by means of specific heat and magnetocaloric effect measurements to dilution refrigerator temperatures. Our results indicate that a key prediction of BEC is satisfied; the magnetic field-temperature quantum phase transition line $H_c(T)-H_{c1} \propto T^α$ approaches a power-law at low temperatures, with an exponent $α= 1.47 \pm 0.06$ at the quantum critical point, consistent with the BEC theory prediction of $α= 1.5$.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Economic Analysis in Environmental Reviews of Trade Agreements: Assessing the North American Experience
Creators: name: Ney, Luke
name: Ackerman, Frank
name: Gallagher, Kevin P.
name: Ney, Luke
name: Ackerman, Frank
name: Gallagher, Kevin P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Beginning in the late 1990s, Canada and the United States began requiring "Environmental Reviews (ERs)" of all trade agreements to be negotiated by each government. This paper, commissioned by the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation, outlines how ERs have evolved in North America, and evaluates the different methodological approaches that have been employed in ERs thus far. We show that the ERs conducted to date have an encouraging number of strengths that can be built upon. However, we also establish that the art of conducting ERs is still in its infancy. We identify four limitations with the methodological approaches that have been employed in the most recent ERs. Based on an analysis of these limitations, we propose four ways to improve how ERs are conducted in the future.
Online appendix for Emergency medicine patient wait time multivariable prediction models: a multicentre derivation and validation study
Creators: name: Jirayus Jiarpakdee
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The repository consists of: 1. replication-notebook.ipynb - a Jupyter notebook for generating syntactic datasets and constructing predictive models used in the paper
 2. environment.yml - an yml environment file for creating a conda environment. To create a conda environment from the yml file, please use the following command:
 conda env create --name edwaittimeappendix --file=environment.yml
Teaching Ecological and Feminist Economics in the Principles Course
Creators: name: Goodwin, Neva R.
name: Nelson, Julie A.
name: Goodwin, Neva R.
name: Nelson, Julie A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: It can be difficult to incorporate ecological and feminist concerns into introductory courses based on neoclassical analysis. We have faced these issues head-on as we have worked on writing introductory economics textbooks, Microeconomics in Context (Goodwin, Nelson, Ackerman and Weisskopf, 2005) and Macroeconomics in Context (in progress). In this essay, we will describe how we have modified the introductory curriculum to encompass these perspectives.
Damping of MHD turbulence in Solar Flares
Creators: name: Petrosian, Vahe
name: Yan, Huirong
name: Lazarian, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We describe the cascade of plasma waves or turbulence injected, presumably by reconnection, at scales comparable to the size of a solar flare loop to scales comparable to particle gyroradii, and evaluate their damping by various mechanisms. We show that the classical viscous damping is unimportant for magnetically dominated or low beta plasmas and the primary damping mechanism is the collisionless damping by the background particles. We show that the damping rate is proportional to the total random momentum density of the particles. For solar flare conditions this means that in most flares, except the very large ones, the damping is dominated by thermal background electrons. For large flares one requires acceleration of essentially all background electrons into a nonthermal distribution so that the accelerated electrons can be important in the damping of the waves. In general, damping by thermal or nonthermal protons is negligible compared to that of electrons except for quasi-perpendicular propagating waves or for rare proton dominated flares with strong nuclear gamma-ray line emission. Using the rate for damping we determine the critical scale below which the damping becomes important and the spectrum of the turbulence steepens. This critical scale, however, has strong dependence on the angle of propagation with respect to the magnetic field direction. The waves can cascade down to very small scales, such as the gyroradii of the particles at small angles (quasi-parallel propagation) and possibly near 90 degree (quasi-perpendicular propagation) giving rise to a highly anisotropic spectral distribution.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures, submitted to ApJ
Linear-in temperature resistivity from an isotropic Planckian scattering rate
Creators: name: Grissonnanche, G.
name: Fang, Y.
name: Legros, A.
name: Verret, S.
name: Laliberté, F.
name: Collignon, C.
name: Zhou, J.
name: Graf, D.
name: Goddard, P.
name: Taillefer, L.
name: Ramshaw, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A variety of "strange metals" exhibit resistivity that decreases linearly with temperature as $T\rightarrow 0$, in contrast with conventional metals where resistivity decreases as $T^2$. This $T$-linear resistivity has been attributed to charge carriers scattering at a rate given by $\hbar/τ=αk_{\rm B} T$, where $α$ is a constant of order unity. This simple relationship between the scattering rate and temperature is observed across a wide variety of materials, suggesting a fundamental upper limit on scattering---the "Planckian limit"---but little is known about the underlying origins of this limit. Here we report a measurement of the angle-dependent magnetoresistance (ADMR) of Nd-LSCO---a hole-doped cuprate that displays $T$-linear resistivity down to the lowest measured temperatures. The ADMR unveils a well-defined Fermi surface that agrees quantitatively with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements and reveals a $T$-linear scattering rate that saturates the Planckian limit, namely $α= 1.2 \pm 0.4$. Remarkably, we find that this Planckian scattering rate is isotropic, i.e. it is independent of direction, in contrast with expectations from "hot-spot" models. Our findings suggest that $T$-linear resistivity in strange metals emerges from a momentum-independent inelastic scattering rate that reaches the Planckian limit.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2004.01725
Lapide, Pinchas E., Ökumene aus Christen und Juden
Creators: name: Hammerstein, Franz Von
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 22 Nr. 2 (1973): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 22, Heft 2