cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
IMPLICATIONS OF DEFLATING COMMODITY PRICES FOR TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Peterson, Hikaru Hanawa
name: Tomek, William G.
name: Peterson, Hikaru Hanawa
name: Tomek, William G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: deflating
subject: time-series analysis
subject: price expectations
subject: price risk
subject: supply analysis

description: The choice of deflators of commodity prices can change the time-series properties of the original series. This is a specific application of the general phenomenon that various kinds of data transformations can create spurious cycles that did not exist in the original data. Different empirical models of expectations result from nominal and various deflated series that have distinct time-series properties, and these models, in turn, produce varying estimates of supply response and measures of price risk. The foregoing is illustrated by annual grain prices, monthly milk prices, and a milk supply analysis. Annual prices of corn and soybeans, for example, appear to vary around a constant mean, but when deflated by general price indexes such as the CPI, the deflated prices are autocorrelated around a declining deterministic trend and/or have a stochastic trend. The quasi-rational expectations hypotheses assumes that farmers base expectations on forecasts from time-series models, but forecasts of real prices, that ultimately become negative, are not rational.
Chlorosome Chiral Tube Structure Database
Creators: name: Li, Xinmeng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Chlorosome structures formed by BChl c syn-anti packing model. All the chiral angles in the range of 0 - 180 are given, in a resolution of 5 degree. File chiral-tubes-structure-summary.csv summarises detail structural information. Folder spectra-plots contains the optical spectra of all the structures. Folder structures contains all the tube structures (GRO format); the structure of chiral angle x is named as delta_x.gro
Group-invariant Solutions of the 2+1-dimensional Cubic Schrödinger Equation
Creators: name: Ozemir, C.
name: Gungor, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lie point symmetries of the 2+1-dimensional cubic Schrödinger equation to obtain new analytic solutions in a systematic manner. We present an analysis of the reduced ODEs, and in particular show that although the original equation is not integrable they typically can belong to the class of Painlevé type equations.
description: 24 pages; typos corrected, new references added
INCREASING THE ACCURACY OF OPTION PRICING BY USING IMPLIED PARAMETERS RELATED TO HIGHER MOMENTS
Creators: name: Ji, Dasheng
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Ji, Dasheng
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: option pricing
subject: volatility smile
subject: Edgeworth series
subject: Gaussian Quadrature
subject: relaxed binomial and trinomial tree models

description: The inaccuracy of the Black-Scholes formula arises from two aspects: the formula is for European options while most real option contracts are American; the formula is based on the assumption that underlying asset prices follow a lognormal distribution while in the real world asset prices cannot be described well by a lognormal distribution. We develop an American option pricing model that allows non-normality. The theoretical basis of the model is Gaussian quadrature and dynamic programming. The usual binomial and trinomial models are special cases. We use the Jarrow-Rudd formula and the relaxed binomial and trinomial tree models to imply the parameters related to the higher moments. The results demonstrate that using implied parameters related to the higher moments is more accurate than the restricted binomial and trinomial models that are commonly used.
Entanglement and quantum phase transitions
Creators: name: Gu, Shi-Jian
name: Tian, Guang-Shan
name: Lin, Hai-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine several well known quantum spin models and categorize behavior of pairwise entanglement at quantum phase transitions. A unified picture on the connection between the entanglement and quantum phase transition is given.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Modeling Soybean Prices in a Changing Policy Environment
Creators: name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Schnepf, Randall D.
name: Dohlman, Erik
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Schnepf, Randall D.
name: Dohlman, Erik
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: The oilseed products complex is an important component of the U.S. agricultural sector. In 2000, almost 75 million acres were planted to soybeans, representing over 29 percent of total planted acreage, making soybeans second only to corn in terms of acreage (ERS/USDA, 2000). Soybean acreage has increased steadily since 1990, when only 58 million acres were planted. From a historical perspective, soybeans are rather unique in that they were not eligible for target-price deficiency payments nor were they subject to the explicit acreage restrictions of other program crops. However, the acreage-idling and base-acreage requirements, as well as government stock-holding behavior, of other program crops has indirectly affected soybean acreage decisions in the past. Soybeans have been eligible for government price support loans for the past sixty years. In recent years, soybeans have benefited from a high loan rate relative to corn. This, coupled with eligibility for government marketing loan gains and loan deficiency payments, has stimulated production of soybeans.
MODEL SELECTION CRITERIA USING LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS AND OUT-OF-SAMPLE PERFORMANCE
Creators: name: Norwood, F. Bailey
name: Ferrier, Peyton Michael
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Norwood, F. Bailey
name: Ferrier, Peyton Michael
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Model selection is often conducted by ranking models by their out-of-sample forecast error. Such criteria only incorporate information about the expected value, whereas models usually describe the entire probability distribution. Hence, researchers may desire a criteria evaluating the performance of the entire probability distribution. Such a method is proposed and is found to increase the likelihood of selecting the true model relative to conventional model ranking techniques.
Electron-boson mode coupling and the pseudogap of Na$_x$CoO$_2$ by infrared spectroscopy
Creators: name: Wu, D.
name: Luo, J. L.
name: Wang, N. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the in-plane optical measurements on Na$_x$CoO$_2$ with 0.18$\leq$x$\leq$0.92. The crystal growth and characterization were described in detail. The spectral weight increases monotonically with decreasing x. For sample with the lowest Na content x$\sim$0.18, the optical conductivity was strongly suppressed below 2200 $cm^{-1}$ at low temperature. The suppression becomes weaker with increasing Na content, and disappears in charge-ordered sample with x$\sim$0.5. At higher Na contents, similar suppression appears again but locates at higher energy scale near 3300 $cm^{-1}$. Our analysis indicates that those spectral features are dominated by a combination of electrons coupling to a bosonic mode and a pseudogap-like phenomenon. We suggest that the pseudogap-like phenomenon is purely a band structure effect. The infrared activated phonon modes were discussed in relation with the structural geometries.
description: revised version 8 pages, 7 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. B
THE VALUE OF USDA OUTLOOK INFORMATION: AN INVESTIGATION USING EVENT STUDY ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Irwin, Scott H.
name: Good, Darrel L.
name: Gomez, Jennifer K.
name: Irwin, Scott H.
name: Good, Darrel L.
name: Gomez, Jennifer K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The economic value of public situation and outlook information has long been a subject of debate. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the economic value of USDA WASDE reports in corn and soybean markets. The investigation is based on event study analysis, with the "events" consisting of the release of all monthly USDA WASDE reports for corn and soybeans from 1985 through 1998. The WASDE reports during the sample period are divided into two groups: one that represents "pure" outlook information and one that represents a "mix" of situation and outlook information. The statistical tests can be placed into two categories: mean price reaction and volatility reaction. Overall, the results suggest that USDA outlook information has a significant impact in corn and soybean markets. The most notable impact is found in options markets, where implied volatility consistently declines after the release of WASDE reports. For the group of monthly reports containing only outlook information, implied volatility for both corn and soybeans was lower on the report day than on the previous day about 60 percent of the time. The difference in mean implied volatility on the day of the report and on the previous day for both corn and soybeans was significantly different from zero. The average magnitude of the drop was between about two- and three-tenths of a percentage point (of annualized implied volatility), which would appear to be an economically non-trivial decrease. Hence, it can be concluded that USDA outlook information reduces the uncertainty of market participants' expected distribution of future prices. This reduction in market uncertainty is unambiguously welfare-enhancing.
The Value of Deregulating Over-The-Counter Options
Creators: name: Frechette, Darren L.
name: Novak, Jason A.
name: Frechette, Darren L.
name: Novak, Jason A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Hedgers located far from organized commodity exchanges suffer the mismatch between their local prices and exchange prices. Futures and options traded on the exchange may still be valuable to distant hedgers but only to the extent that basis risk is small. Forward contracting allows hedgers to manage risk using a local delivery price, but the CFTC has long banned the sale off-exchange options, limiting the opportunities available to hedgers. Recently, Agricultural Trade Options (ATOs) have been introduced as over-the-counter option products designed specifically for hedgers. To date, ATOs have found little interest from potential sellers, but the potential demand for these options may be substantial. This paper describes and quantifies the demand for corn ATOs by dairy farms in Southeastern Pennsylvania and estimates the value these farms might place on options contracts offered locally.
Low temperature magnetoresistance of dirty thin films and quantum wires near a parallel-field-tuned superconducting quantum phase transition
Creators: name: Shah, N.
name: Lopatin, A. V.
name: Vinokur, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the low temperature magnetoresistance of dirty thin films and quantum wires close to a quantum phase transition from a superconducting to normal state, induced by applying a parallel magnetic field. We find that the different corrections (Aslamazov-Larkin, density of states and Maki-Thompson) to the normal state conductivity, coming from the superconducting pair fluctuations, are of the same order at zero temperature. There are three regimes at finite temperatures. In the "quantum" regime, which essentially shows a zero-temperature-like behavior we find a negative magnetoresistance. Since in the "classical" regime the correction is positive, we predict a non-monotonic magnetoresistance at higher temperatures.
description: Proceedings for SCES conference (2004)
Modeling Farmers' Use of Market Advisory Services
Creators: name: Pennings, Joost M.E.
name: Irwin, Scott H.
name: Good, Darrel L.
name: Pennings, Joost M.E.
name: Irwin, Scott H.
name: Good, Darrel L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In an effort to improve marketing of their products, many farmers use market advisory services (MAS). To date, there is only fragmented anecdotal information about how farmers actually use the recommendations of market advisory services in their marketing plans, and how they choose among these services. Based on the literature on consulting services usage, a conceptual framework is developed in which perceived performance of the MAS regarding realized crop price and risk reduction, and the match between the MAS and the farmer's marketing philosophy drive MAS usage. To account for possible heterogeneity among farmers regarding to the use of MAS, we introduce a mixture-modeling framework that is able to identify unobserved heterogeneity. With this modeling framework we are able to simultaneously investigate the relationship between market advisory usage and the key components of our conceptual model for each unobservable segment in the population. A large scale interview of US farmers that contained several experiments revealed that farmers' use of MAS not only depends on the outcome of their services (price and risk reduction performance) but also on the way these services are delivered, i.e., the match of marketing philosophy between farmers and MAS. The influence of the factors in our conceptual model did not influenced farmers MAS usage equally across the whole sample. Using the generalized mixture model framework we found 5 segments that differed regarding the influence that these factors have on farmers MAS usage. The heterogeneity of the farmers appeared to be unobserved, in that it could not be traced back to observable variables such as age and region. It is the decision-making process itself, as reflected in our conceptual model, that caused the heterogeneity.
On partially entanglement breaking channels
Creators: name: Chruscinski, Dariusz
name: Kossakowski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using well known duality between quantum maps and states of composite systems we introduce the notion of Schmidt number of a quantum channel. It enables one to define classes of quantum channels which partially break quantum entanglement. These classes generalize the well known class of entanglement breaking channels.
description: 9 pages
Cylinder-flat contact mechanics during sliding
Creators: name: Wang, J.
name: Tiwari, A.
name: Sivebaek, I. M.
name: Persson, B. N. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using molecular dynamics (MD) we study the dependency of the contact mechanics on the sliding speed when an elastic block (cylinder) with a ${\rm cos} (q_0 x)$ surface height profile is sliding in adhesive contact on a rigid flat substrate.The atoms on the block interact with the substrate atoms by Lennard-Jones (LJ) potentials, and we consider both commensurate and(nearly) incommensurate contacts. For the incommensurate system the friction force fluctuates between positive and negative values, with an amplitude proportional to the sliding speed, but with the average close to zero. For the commensurate system the (time-averaged) friction force is much larger and nearly velocity independent. For both type of systems the width of the contact region is velocity independent even when, for the commensurate case, the frictional shear stress increases from zero (before sliding) to $\approx 0.1 \ {\rm MPa}$ during sliding. This frictional shear stress, and the elastic modulus used, are typical for Polydimethylsiloxan (PDMS) rubber sliding on a glass surface, and we conclude that the reduction in the contact area observed in some experiments when increasing the tangential force must be due to effects not included in our model study, such as viscoelasticity or elastic nonlinearity
description: 6 pages , 7 figures
Forecasting and Hedging Crop Input Prices
Creators: name: Dhuyvetter, Kevin C.
name: Albright, Martin L.
name: Parcell, Joseph L.
name: Dhuyvetter, Kevin C.
name: Albright, Martin L.
name: Parcell, Joseph L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Agricultural producers and input suppliers have to make management decisions based on forecasts all the time, however, most available forecasts are for outputs (e.g., grain and livestock). Research has shown that one of the most important determinants of relative profitability for producers is being a low-cost operator. Research has also shown that relatively simple forecasting models are often superior to more complex models. Thus, producers may benefit from having simple models for forecasting crop input costs. The objective of this research was to estimate models based on futures markets that could be used to forecast input prices, specifically, diesel fuel, natural gas, and anhydrous ammonia. Results suggest that diesel prices forecasted using the crude oil or heating oil futures market are reasonably accurate and that this approach may be superior to using an historical average. While diesel prices could be effectively cross hedged with the crude oil or heating oil futures market, the contracts represent relatively large quantities which may exceed individual producer's needs so cross hedging may only be practical for input suppliers. Likewise, producers using natural gas for irrigation can use the natural gas futures market to predict what their local cash prices will be. Anhydrous ammonia prices can be predicted using natural gas prices, however, because of a major structural change that occurred in the nitrogen fertilizer industry during the mid nineties these price forecasts are less reliable.
description: Replaced with edited version of paper 12/23/08.
THE IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES ON THE OFF-FARM LABOR SUPPLY OF FARM OPERATORS
Creators: name: Ahearn, Mary Clare
name: El-Osta, Hisham S.
name: Dewbre, Joe
name: Ahearn, Mary Clare
name: El-Osta, Hisham S.
name: Dewbre, Joe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: In addition to farm work, most farm families have someone working in off-farm employment. The purpose of this paper is to examine if, and how, the change in the nature of government farm programs in the recent past has affected the labor allocation of farm operator households to off-farm employment activities. The ultimate goal of this research is to investigate the potential impacts of decoupled payments on farm output.
Nongaussian and nonscale-invariant perturbations from tachyonic preheating in hybrid inflation
Creators: name: Barnaby, Neil
name: Cline, James M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in hybrid inflation it is possible to generate large second-order perturbations in the cosmic microwave background due to the instability of the tachyonic field during preheating. We carefully calculate this effect from the tachyon contribution to the gauge-invariant curvature perturbation, clarifying some confusion in the literature concerning nonlocal terms in the tachyon curvature perturbation; we show explicitly that such terms are absent. We quantitatively compute the nongaussianity generated by the tachyon field during the preheating phase and translate the experimental constraints on the nonlinearity parameter f_{NL} into constraints on the parameters of the model. We also show that nonscale-invariant second-order perturbations from the tachyon field can become larger than the inflaton-generated first-order perturbations, leading to stronger constraints than those coming from nongaussianity. The width of the excluded region in terms of the logarithm of the dimensionless coupling g, grows linearly with the log of the ratio of the Planck mass to the tachyon VEV, \log(M_p/v); hence very large regions are ruled out if the inflationary scale v is small. We apply these results to string-theoretic brane-antibrane inflation, and find a stringent upper bound on the string coupling, g_s < 10^{-4.5}.
description: 31 pages, 15 figures. Typos corrected. References added. Discussion added about the accuracy of the approximate solutions for the tachyon mode functions. Appendix added detailing the calculation of the curvature perturbation and the cancellation of nonlocal terms
Color suppressed contributions to the decay modes B_{d,s} -> D_{s,d} D_{s,d}, B_{d,s} -> D_{s,d} D^*_{s,d}, and B_{d,s} -> D^*_{s,d} D^*_{s,d}
Creators: name: Eeg, Jan O.
name: Fajfer, Svjetlana
name: Prapotnik, Anita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The amplitudes for decays of the type $B_{d,s} \to D_{s,d} D_{s,d}$, have no factorizable contributions, while $B_{d,s} \to D_{s,d} D^*_{s,d}$, and $B_{d,s} \to D^*_{s,d} D^*_{s,d}$ have relatively small factorizable contributions through the annihilation mechanism. The dominant contributions to the decay amplitudes arise from chiral loop contributions and tree level amplitudes which can be obtained in terms of soft gluon emissions forming a gluon condensate. We predict that the branching ratios for the processes $\bar B^0_d \to D_s^+ D_s^-$, $\bar B^0_d \to D_s^{+*} D_s^- $ and $\bar B^0_d \to D_s^+ D_s^{-*}$ are all of order $(2- 3) \times 10^{-4}$, while $\bar B^0_s \to D_d^+ D_d^-$, $\bar B^0_s \to D_d^{+*} D_d^- $ and $\bar B^0_s \to D_d^+ D_d^{-*}$ are of order $(4- 7) \times 10^{-3}$. We obtain branching ratios for two $D^*$'s in the final state of order two times bigger.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
The X-ray emission in young radio AGNs
Creators: name: Liao, Mai
name: Gu, Minfeng
name: Zhou, Minhua
name: Chen, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigated the X-ray emission for a sample of young radio AGNs by combining their data from Chandra/XMM-Newton and at other wavebands. We find strong correlations between the X-ray luminosity $L_{\rm X}$ in 2$-$10 keV and the radio luminosities $L_{\rm R}$ at 5 GHz for VLBI radio-core, VLA radio-core and FIRST component, indicating that both pc- and kpc-scale radio emission strongly correlate with X-ray emission in these sources. We find approximately linear dependence of radio on X-ray luminosity in the sources with radiative efficient accretion flows (i.e., the Eddington ratio $R_{\rm edd} \gtrsim 10^{-3} $) with b $\sim$ 1 ($L_{\rm R}$ $\propto$ $L_{\rm X} ^{b}$) and $ξ_{\rm RX}$ $\sim$ 1 in fundamental plane using VLBI data, where the dependence is consistent with the re-analysed result on the previous study in \cite{2016ApJ...818..185F} at $R_{\rm edd} \gtrsim 10^{-3}$, however is significantly deviated from the theoretical prediction of accretion flow as the origin of X-ray emission. In contrast to radio-quiet quasars, there is no significant correlation between $Γ$ and Eddington ratio. Our results seem to indicate that the X-ray emission of high-accreting young radio AGNs may be from jet. We constructed the SEDs for 18 sources (most are in radiative efficient accretion) including 9 galaxies and 9 quasars with high-quality X-ray data, and find that the X-ray emission of most quasars is more luminous than that of normal radio-quiet quasars. This is clearly seen from the quasar composite SED, of which the X-ray emission is apparently higher than that of radio-quiet quasars, likely supporting the jet-related X-ray emission in young radio AGNs. The scenario that the X-ray emission is from self-synchrotron Compton (SSC) is discussed.
description: 15 pages,10 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
ANALYSIS OF EXCHANGE RATE LINKED SUBSIDIES FOR NON-PRICE EXPORT PROMOTION: THE CASE OF COTTON
Creators: name: Paudel, Laxmi
name: Adhikari, Murali
name: Houston, Jack E.
name: Kinnucan, Henry W.
name: Paudel, Laxmi
name: Adhikari, Murali
name: Houston, Jack E.
name: Kinnucan, Henry W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: An equilibrium displacement framework was developed to evaluate the effect of exchange rate linked subsidies for non-price export promotion for US cotton. Study results show that an increase in promotion expenditure increased the dollar value and producer welfare of cotton growers. The gross gain to the domestic cotton producers from the exchange-rate linked subsidy scheme was positive. These evidences support exchange rate linked subsidies for US cotton export promotion.
A STUDY ON THE FLOW OF CELLS THROUGH MICROFLUIDIC CHANNEL USING DIGITAL HOLOGRAPHIC MICROSCOPY
Creators: name: Aswathy Vijay
name: Kumar, Pawan
name: Nijas Mohamed
name: John, Renu
Publisher: name: BRICS Workshop on Biophotonics 2023 — Book of Abstracts
Year: 2023

description: Micro optofluidic platform is explored to image and track flow of objects through a microfluidic channel. Digital holographic microscopy is integrated with computer vision techniques for this technique. The method is non-invasive and label free. It can be used in biological platforms as most of them are relatively transparent. The surface profile of the objects flowing through a microfluidic channel are reconstructed numerically from the hologram recording. The phase images are tracked using blob analysis and optical flow methods to track the motion of the objects. This technique finds a wide range of applications in lab-on-a-chip platforms.
ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION IN COTTON INSURANCE MARKETS: EVIDENCE FROM TEXAS
Creators: name: Makki, Shiva S.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Makki, Shiva S.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: In recent years, the crop insurance program has emerged as an important part of the U.S. farm policy. Farmers responded to the crop insurance program with increased participation nationwide. At issue is whether the rapid expansion of the program has worsened the asymmetric information problems in crop insurance markets. This paper investigates the presence of adverse selection in cotton insurance markets. Our results reject the conditional independence of the choice of insurance contracts and risk of loss, implying the presence of informational asymmetries between the insurer and insured in Texas cotton insurance markets. Results show that actual premium rates are significantly different from both pure and fair premium rates.
The spherical 2+p spin glass model: an analytically solvable model with a glass-to-glass transition
Creators: name: Crisanti, Andrea
name: Leuzzi, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the detailed analysis of the spherical s+p spin glass model with two competing interactions: among p spins and among s spins. The most interesting case is the 2+p model with p > 3 for which a very rich phase diagram occurs, including, next to the paramagnetic and the glassy phase represented by the one step replica symmetry breaking ansatz typical of the spherical p-spin model, other two amorphous phases. Transitions between two contiguous phases can also be of different kind. The model can thus serve as mean-field representation of amorphous-amorphous transitions (or transitions between undercooled liquids of different structure). The model is analytically solvable everywhere in the phase space, even in the limit where the infinite replica symmetry breaking ansatz is required to yield a thermodynamically stable phase.
description: 21 pages, 18 figures
BIO-IMAGING USING NOISE: APPLICATION OF LASER SPECKLES FOR DEEP TISSUE BLOOD FLOW IMAGING
Creators: name: Murali K.
name: Paul, Ria
name: Soumyajit Sarkar
name: Varma, Hari M.
Publisher: name: BRICS Workshop on Biophotonics 2023 — Book of Abstracts
Year: 2023

description: We present a novel approach for deep tissue blood flow imaging using laser speckles. Our method utilizes a cost-effective system with low frame rate cameras for diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) measurements. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our system through phantom and in-vivo studies, including stroke measurements in mice and number processing tasks in humans to measure the changes in cerebral blood flow. Additionally, we present our recent work on simulation of speckles using stochastic differential equation with desired statistical properties. Our studies contribute to the development of affordable solutions for high density deep tissue blood flow imaging.
EXAMINING PRICE PATHS OF A PORTFOLIO OF AGRO-BIOTECHNOLOGY SEEDS: THE EFFECTS OF COMPETITION AND FARMERS' RESPONSE
Creators: name: Kinwa-Muzinga, Annie
name: Mazzocco, Michael A.
name: Kinwa-Muzinga, Annie
name: Mazzocco, Michael A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Financial Economics
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Biotechnology techniques have played an important role in meeting farmer's needs in the seed industry given the changes in customer's preferences. This paper analytically evaluates the time paths of pricing a portfolio of seeds, which simultaneously encourages seed adoption and maximizes a firm's returns within a competitive environment while considering shorter product life cycles. Using a dynamic programming (DP) approach, the results indicate that the single pricing model and the portfolio pricing model are materially affected by the firm's initial market share, the farmer's attitude towards seed attributes, and the firm competitiveness within the industry. Farmer's acceptance of a seed variety will have an impact on seed price or actions from the seed firm even though farmers are theoretically and empirically considered as price takers in the input markets.
The effective action of D-branes in Calabi-Yau orientifold compactifications
Creators: name: Jockers, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review article we study type IIB superstring compactifications in the presence of space-time filling D-branes while preserving N=1 supersymmetry in the effective four-dimensional theory. This amount of unbroken supersymmetry and the requirement to fulfill the consistency conditions imposed by the space-time filling D-branes lead to Calabi-Yau orientifold compactifications. For a generic Calabi-Yau orientifold theory with space-time filling D3- or D7-branes we derive the low-energy spectrum. In a second step we compute the effective N=1 supergravity action which describes in the low-energy regime the massless open and closed string modes of the underlying type IIB Calabi-Yau orientifold string theory. These N=1 supergravity theories are analyzed and in particular spontaneous supersymmetry breaking induced by non-trivial background fluxes is studied. For D3-brane scenarios we compute soft-supersymmetry breaking terms resulting from bulk background fluxes whereas for D7-brane systems we investigate the structure of D- and F-terms originating from worldvolume D7-brane background fluxes. Finally we relate the geometric structure of D7-brane Calabi-Yau orientifold compactifications to N=1 special geometry.
description: LaTeX, 133 pages, Ph.D. Thesis (Advisor: Jan Louis); v2: references added
THE STRUCTURE OF FOOD DEMAND IN MEXICO: AN APPLICATION OF THE AMEMIYA-TOBIN APPROACH TO THE ESTIMATION OF A CENSORED SYSTEM
Creators: name: Dong, Diansheng
name: Gould, Brian W.
name: Kaiser, Harry M.
name: Dong, Diansheng
name: Gould, Brian W.
name: Kaiser, Harry M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: The use of household surveys for demand system estimation necessitates a recognition of purchase censoring that often arises within an analysis of a disaggregated set of commodities. We extend the Amemiya-Tobin demand system approach to an analysis of Mexican household food demand via the use of a LA/AIDS specification.
BIOPHOTONICS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR IMPROVED DIAGNOSTICS: APPLICATIONS IN HEALTH, PHARMACEUTICALS AND AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Mthunzi-Kufa, Patience
name: Nkaphe Tsebesebe
name: Lebogang Thobakgale
name: Mpofu, Kelvin
name: Siphumelele Ndlovu
Publisher: name: BRICS Workshop on Biophotonics 2023 — Book of Abstracts
Year: 2023

description: A lot of individuals residing in resource limited settings where timely access to medical care is a challenge and healthcare infrastructure is usually poor have no access to laboratory facilities. Disease diagnosis in such sites is dependent on the presence of point-of-care (POC) devices. These POC diagnostics play a key role in ensuring rapid patient care because they are simple to use, inexpensive, portable, instrument independent and do not require a trained technician to operate. To date, optical spectroscopy has become the most important and promising approach in every field of medical, analytical, life, food, and pharmaceutical sciences. However, most currently available spectrometers are bulky and cannot be easily integrated in miniaturized devices. In this work, different biophotonics techniques, artificial intelligence and machine learning models are used to expedite POC diagnostic apparatus for different pathogens, non-communicable diseases, substandard drugs and towards application in food safety as well as security.
Efficient hybrid-mode excitation in plasmonic nanoantennas by tightly focused higher-order vector beams
Creators: name: Zang, Xiaorun
name: Bautista, Godofredo
name: Turquet, Léo
name: Setälä, Tero
name: Kauranen, Martti
name: Turunen, Jari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient optical excitation of hybridized plasmon modes in nanoantennas is vital to achieve many promising functionalities, but it can be challenging due to a field-profile mismatch between the incident light and the hybrid mode. We present a general approach for efficient hybrid-mode excitation by focusing the incident light field in the basis of cylindrically polarized vector beams of various higher-order spiral phases. Such basis vector beams are described in the higher-order polarization states and Stokes parameters (both defined locally in polar coordinates), and visualized correspondingly on the higher-order Poincaré spheres. The focal field is formulated exclusively in cylindrical coordinates as a series sum of all focused beams of the associated high-order paraxial beams. Our focal field decomposition enables an analysis of hybrid-mode excitation via higher-order vector beams, and thus yields a straightforward design of effective mode-matching field profile in the tightly focused region.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Autistic Savants: Visiting the Math Gym
Creators: name: Dr. Bheemaiah Anil Kumar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: ASD
prime number determination
autistic savants
mathematical testing
Alexa Skills
learning
Cognition

description: Poster presented at the Hamline Symposium 2020 at Hamline University. Autistic Savants are proven to be differently-abled, in this short publication on prime detection mental exercises as cognitive learning and as mathematics therapy. Mathematics, namely number theory is proven therapeutic and even natural to autistic patients, we prove the hypothesis that number theory as mathematical therapy is effective in improving coordination and beneficial in treating ASD symptoms. Keywords: ASD, prime number determination, autistic savants, mathematical testing, Alexa Skills, learning, and Cognition.
Health care reform in British Columbia : dynamics without change?
Creators: name: Davidson, Alan Reginald
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The case study examines impacts on the exercise of power and the allocation of resources in health care delivery in British Columbia stemming from provincial policies of regionalization and devolution. The study examines the policy implementation process from 1993 to 1999, with the emphasis falling on the policy controversy provoked by the New Directions reform (1993 to 1996). The study also contributes to theory development regarding the policy implementation process by expounding and applying an approach to policy-as-ideology. Another subsidiary purpose is to contribute to theory regarding the power and accountability of health care providers and lay members of health services' governance structures. The study demonstrates the persistence of structural power relations within the health care sector. It concludes that the health reform initiative failed to impose controls over health care professionals and providers, failed to improve accountability of programmes to the public, failed to affect a reallocation of resources in the health sector, and failed to shift the policy perspective from the delivery of health care services to a community health perspective. The reorganization that was achieved through the reform did, however, strengthen administrative arrangements and improve technical efficiency.
INFORMATION THEORETIC ALTERNATIVES TO TRADITIONAL SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS ESTIMATORS IN THE PRESENCE OF HETEROSKEDASTICITY
Creators: name: Marsh, Thomas L.
name: Mittelhammer, Ronald C.
name: Marsh, Thomas L.
name: Mittelhammer, Ronald C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Finite sampling properties of information theoretic estimators of the simultaneous equations model, including maximum empirical likelihood, maximum empirical exponential likelihood, and maximum log Euclidean likelihood, are examined in the presence of selected forms of heteroskedasticity. Extensive Monte Carlo experiments are used to compare finite sample performance of Wald, Likelihood ratio, and Lagrangian multiplier tests constructed from information theoretic estimators to those from traditional generalized method of moments.
CYTOTOXICITY OF SENNA DIDYMOBOTRYA LEAVES GREENSYNTHESIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND PHOTOTHERAPY AGAINST A375 MELANOMA CELLS
Creators: name: Mehak Zahra
name: Abrahamse, Heidi
name: Blassan P. George
Publisher: name: BRICS Workshop on Biophotonics 2023 — Book of Abstracts
Year: 2023

description: Cancer is a term used to describe a collection of illnesses where the cells within the body undergo unregulated growth and multiplication. It is also worth noting that cancerous cells have the potential of entering the metastatic phase and this allows them of invading adjacent body organs. Currently, there are at least five known conventional treatment modalities for cancer treatment. However, these therapies have been reported of playing a significant role in the induction of tumor recurrence. To address this critical issue, this study anti-proliferative effects of green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The A375 melanoma cell line was employed as the experimental model, and a range of AgNPs concentrations (2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 μg/mL) was applied. Subsequently, the treated cells were subjected to irradiation using a 525 nm diode laser, at a light dose of 10 J/cm², and the morphological changes in cells were observed using a light inverted microscope. Collectively, the results unveiled a dose-dependent reduction in cell proliferation in response to the AgNPs treatment. Taken together, the findings from this study suggests that greensynthesized AgNPs poses significant therapeutic properties as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of different forms of cancer, thus offering an effective and eco-friendly therapeutic approach in cancer therapy. The schematic representation of the adopted synthesis and treatment methodology as depicted in the graphical abstract Figure 1.
The structure of stellar disks in isolated lenticular galaxies
Creators: name: Sil'chenko, Olga K.
name: Kniazev, Alexei Yu.
name: Chudakova, Ekaterina M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained imaging data in two photometric bands, g and r, for a sample of 42 isolated lenticular galaxies with the Las Cumbres Observatory one-meter telescope network. We have analyzed the structure of their large-scale stellar disks. The parameters of surface brightness distributions have been determined including the radial profile shapes and disk thicknesses. After inspecting the radial brightness profiles, all the galaxies have been classified into pure exponential (Type I), truncated (Type II), and antitruncated (Type III) disks. By comparing the derived statistics of the radial profiles shapes with our previous sample of the cluster S0s, we noted a prominent difference between stellar disks of S0s galaxies in quite rarefied environments and in clusters: it is only in sparse environments that Type II disks, with profile truncations, can be found. This finding implies probable different dynamical history of S0 galaxies in different environments.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures. Accepted to The Astronomical Journal. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1809.05202
Curves and The Photon
Creators: name: Stodolsky, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the number of photons leads to a new way of characterizing curves and to a novel integral invariant over curves.
description: Presented at PHOTON 2005, Warsaw, Sept 2005 Five pages,one figure
ENDOGENOUS TRANSACTION COSTS AND TRADABILITY IN A MICRO ECONOMYWIDE MODEL - A STYLIZED APPLICATION WITH NONSEPARABLE HOUSEHOLDS
Creators: name: Kuiper, Marijke H.
name: Kuiper, Marijke H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This paper analyzes effects of transaction costs on household responses, adding to direct effects via price-bands, indirect effects through reduced availability of productive resources and through changes in price formation. A micro economywide model with nonseparable household models is developed, in which transaction costs determine effective prices through an endogenous, household-specific price-band. Moreover, transaction costs influence household decisions by claiming productive resources, and by affecting endogenous prices at household or micro-economy level. Comparison of two stylized village model specifications indicates that indirect effects of transaction costs reduce household supply response, despite reducing the range of prices for which households operate within their price-band. Results show that transaction costs need to be identified in terms of commodities used for transactions, and in terms of tradability of these commodities, to account for indirect effects of transaction costs.
EFFECTS OF NEAR-INFRARED PHOTOBIOMODULATION AT 830 NM IN A DIABETIC WOUNDED CELL MODEL
Creators: name: Lindokuhle Hadebe
name: Houreld, Nicolette
Publisher: name: BRICS Workshop on Biophotonics 2023 — Book of Abstracts
Year: 2023

description: Diabetic wounds present a significant healthcare burden due to their failure to progress through the usual phases of healing within the expected time, leading to decreased cellular migration, skin ulceration, and impaired wound healing. Complications arising from these wounds, such as lower extremity amputation, can decrease patient quality of life and result in premature death. Photobiomodulation (PBM), previously known as low-level light therapy (LLLT) or cold laser therapy, is a non-invasive medical treatment that uses low-intensity light sources to stimulate cellular activity and aid healing in various tissues. This therapy has been researched for its ability to aid wound healing, decrease pain and inflammation, and increase tissue repair. However, the mechanisms that aid the induction of cell migration and survival using an 830 nm laser are poorly understood. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of near-infrared (NIR) PBM at 830 nm in wounded and unwounded human skin fibroblast (WS1) cell models. Models were exposed to an 830 nm diode laser at a fluence of 5 J/cm2 , unirradiated models (0 J/cm2 ) were used as controls. Post-PBM, the Trypan blue exclusion assay and CellTiter-Glo® 3D Cell Viability Assay (measures adenosine triphosphate (ATP) luminescence) were used to determine the population of viable cells at 24 and 48 h. Morphological changes and migration rate in wounded models was also evaluated at 0 h and 24 h. PBM significantly increased cellular migration and enhanced cell viability, thus improving wound healing in diabetic conditions in vitro at 830 nm.
Laboratory Impact Splash Experiments to Simulate Asteroid Surfaces
Creators: name: Bogdan, Tabea
name: Kollmer, Jonathan E.
name: Teiser, Jens
name: Kruss, Maximilian
name: Wurm, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Granular material that is bound by the low gravity of a small asteroid is mobilized by slow velocity impacts. These splashes generated by impacts might play an important role in sculpting the asteroid's surface. In laboratory experiments we characterize the ejecta generated by spherical 150 $\rm μm$ diameter basalt grains impacting a granular bed at 0.8 m/s. We find that such an impact typically leads to less than 10 particles being ejected from the granular bed, with typical ejecta trajectories rising to less than one particle diameter above the surface. That is, the observed impacts are highly dissipative and only a small fraction of the impact energy is imparted onto the ejecta. While the impactor itself still rebounds, it typically slows down significantly to an average of about 20 % of its impact velocity. Scaled to asteroids, impactor and ejecta generated from impacts of sand sized grains are not able to spread over the asteroid's surface but will stay close to the impact site. Therefore these highly inelastic impacts into soft granular beds efficiently trap grains, in contrast to more elastic impacts on bare, rocky surfaces confirming suggestions by Shinbrot (2017). This is also in agreement to observed features on asteroids as this topological elasticity bias suggests that redistribution of grains leads to a size segregation.
INTERREGIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACTS OF ELIMINATING EUROPEAN UNION MILK PRODUCTION QUOTAS
Creators: name: Bouamra-Mechemache, Zohra
name: Chavas, Jean-Paul
name: Cox, Thomas L.
name: Requillart, Vincent
name: Bouamra-Mechemache, Zohra
name: Chavas, Jean-Paul
name: Cox, Thomas L.
name: Requillart, Vincent
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Livestock Production/Industries

description: An hedonic spatial equilibrium model of the European Union dairy sector is used to evaluate the interregional impacts of eliminating milk production quotas under a variety of domestic policy (intervention prices and domestic production/consumption subsidies) and trade policies (tariff rate quotas and export subsidies). The simulation results indicate that the removal of the EU milk production quotas is welfare improving both only with substantial liberalization of trade. Hence, production quota removal by itself is not a desirable policy alternative for either the EU or the world. Rather, policy reform should involve the joint consideration of domestic and trade policy instruments.