cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Variance reduction for Metropolis–Hastings samplers
Creators: name: Alexopoulos, A
name: Dellaportas, P
name: Titsias, MK
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: OriginalPaper
Bayesian inference
Control variates
Markov chain Monte Carlo
Logistic regression
Poisson equation
Stochastic volatility

description: AbstractWe introduce a general framework that constructs estimators with reduced variance for random walk Metropolis and Metropolis-adjusted Langevin algorithms. The resulting estimators require negligible computational cost and are derived in a post-process manner utilising all proposal values of the Metropolis algorithms. Variance reduction is achieved by producing control variates through the approximate solution of the Poisson equation associated with the target density of the Markov chain. The proposed method is based on approximating the target density with a Gaussian and then utilising accurate solutions of the Poisson equation for the Gaussian case. This leads to an estimator that uses two key elements: (1) a control variate from the Poisson equation that contains an intractable expectation under the proposal distribution, (2) a second control variate to reduce the variance of a Monte Carlo estimate of this latter intractable expectation. Simulated data examples are used to illustrate the impressive variance reduction achieved in the Gaussian target case and the corresponding effect when target Gaussianity assumption is violated. Real data examples on Bayesian logistic regression and stochastic volatility models verify that considerable variance reduction is achieved with negligible extra computational cost.
The impact of velocity anisotropy on the dynamics of star clusters and their binary stars
Creators: name: Pavlík, Václav
name: Vesperini, Enrico
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: globular clusters: general
stars: binaries: general
stars: kinematics and dynamics
methods: numerical

description: The conventional dynamical paradigm describing star clusters has been challenged. The internal kinematics of these systems was thought to be simply isotropic and non-rotating, however, recent high-precision HST and Gaia observations revealed that star clusters are often characterised by internal rotation and anisotropic velocity distribution. We present the results of a suite of N-body simulations aimed at exploring the implications of an initially anisotropic velocity distribution on a number of fundamental dynamical aspects of the long-term evolution of star clusters. We focus on both the global properties (i.e., the evolution towards energy equipartition and mass segregation) and the stellar components (especially primordial and dynamically formed binary stars). In particular, we show that the rate of mass segregation, degree of energy equipartition, and the dependence of the velocity dispersion on the stellar mass significantly differ in isotropic and anisotropic systems. We further show that this diversity in the dynamical development has notable implications for the formation and evolution of binary stars as well as their exchange and disruption rates.
description: {"references": ["Bellini et al., 2014, ApJ, 797, 115", "Bellini et al., 2017, ApJ, 844, 167", "Bellini et al., 2018, ApJ, 853, 86", "Bianchini et al., 2016, MNRAS, 458, 3644", "Bianchini et al., 2018, MNRAS, 481, 2125", "Cohen et al., 2021, AJ, 161, 41", "King, 1966, AJ, 71, 64", "Kroupa, 2001, MNRAS, 322, 231", "Libralato et al., 2018, ApJ, 861, 99", "Merritt, 1985, AJ, 90, 1027", "Osipkov, 1979, Pisma Astron. Zh., 5, 77", "Pavl\u00edk & Vesperini, 2021, MNRAS, 504, L12", "Pavl\u00edk & Vesperini, 2022, MNRAS, 509, 3815", "Pavl\u00edk & Vesperini, 2022, MNRAS, 515, 1830", "Sollima et al., 2019, MNRAS, 485, 1460", "Wang et al., 2015, MNRAS, 450, 4070"]}
Radial decoupling of small and large dust grains in the transitional disk RX J1615.3-3255
Creators: name: Kooistra, Robin
name: Kamp, Inga
name: Fukagawa, Misato
name: Ménard, Francois
name: Momose, Munetake
name: Tsukagoshi, Takashi
name: Kudo, Tomoyuki
name: Kusakabe, Nobuhiko
name: Hashimoto, Jun
name: Abe, Lyu
name: Brandner, Wolfgang
name: Brandt, Timothy D.
name: Carson, Joseph C.
name: Egner, Sebastian E.
name: Feldt, Markus
name: Goto, Miwa
name: Grady, Carol A.
name: Guyon, Olivier
name: Hayano, Yutaka
name: Hayashi, Masahiko
name: Hayashi, Saeko S.
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Hodapp, Klaus W.
name: Ishii, Miki
name: Iye, Masanori
name: Janson, Markus
name: Kandori, Ryo
name: Knapp, Gillian R.
name: Kuzuhara, Masayuki
name: Kwon, Jungmi
name: Matsuo, Taro
name: McElwain, Michael W.
name: Miyama, Shoken
name: Morino, Jun-Ichi
name: Moro-Martin, Amaya
name: Nishimura, Tetsuo
name: Pyo, Tae-Soo
name: Serabyn, Eugene
name: Suenaga, Takuya
name: Suto, Hiroshi
name: Suzuki, Ryuji
name: Takahashi, Yasuhiro H.
name: Takami, Michihiro
name: Takato, Naruhisa
name: Terada, Hiroshi
name: Thalmann, Christian
name: Tomono, Daigo
name: Turner, Edwin L.
name: Watanabe, Makoto
name: Wisniewski, John
name: Yamada, Toru
name: Takami, Hideki
name: Usuda, Tomonori
name: Tamura, Motohide
name: Currie, Thayne
name: Akiyama, Eiji
name: Mayama, Satoshi
name: Follette, Katherine B.
name: Nakagawa, Takao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present H-band (1.6 μm) scattered light observations of the transitional disk RX J1615.3-3255, located in the ~1 Myr old Lupus association. From a polarized intensity image, taken with the HiCIAO instrument of the Subaru Telescope, we deduce the position angle and the inclination angle of the disk. The disk is found to extend out to 68 $\pm$ 12 AU in scattered light and no clear structure is observed. Our inner working angle of 24 AU does not allow us to detect a central decrease in intensity similar to that seen at 30 AU in the 880 μm continuum observations. We compare the observations with multiple disk models based on the Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) and submm interferometry and find that an inner rim of the outer disk at 30 AU containing small silicate grains produces a polarized intensity signal which is an order of magnitude larger than observed. We show that a model in which the small dust grains extend smoothly into the cavity found for large grains is closer to the actual H-band observations. A comparison of models with different dust size distributions suggests that the dust in the disk might have undergone significant processing compared to the interstellar medium.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A
Investigation of NWC-induced electron precipitation and theoretical simulation
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhenxia
name: Li, Xinqiao
name: Wang, Chenyu
name: Chen, Lunjin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Enhancement of the electron fluxes in the inner radiation belt, which is induced by the powerful North West Cape (NWC) very-low-frequency (VLF) transmitter, have been observed and analyzed by several research groups. However, all of the previous publications have focused on NWC-induced >100-keV electrons only, based on observations from the Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions (DEMETER) and the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) satellites. Here, we present flux enhancements with 30--100-keV electrons related to NWC transmitter for the first time, which were observed by the GOES satellite at night. Similar to the 100--300-keV precipitated-electron havior, the low energy 30--100-keV electron precipitation is primarily located east of the transmitter. However, the latter does not drift eastward to the same extent as the former, possibly because of the lower electron velocity. The 30--100-keV electrons are distributed in the L=1.8--2.1 shell range, in contrast to the 100--300-keV electrons which are at L=1.67--1.9. This is consistent with the perspective that the energy of the VLF-wave-induced electron flux enhancement decreases with higher L-shell values. We expand upon the rationality of the simultaneous enhancement of the 30--100- and 100--300-keV electron fluxes through comparison with the cyclotron resonance theory for the quasi-linear wave-particle interaction. In addition, we interpret the asymmetry characteristics of NWC electric power distribution in north and south hemisphere by ray tracing model. Finally, we present considerable discussion and show that good agreement exists between the observation of satellites and theory.
Tuning Synthetic Semiflexible Networks by Bending Stiffness
Creators: name: Schuldt, Carsten
name: Schnauß, Jörg
name: Händler, Tina
name: Glaser, Martin
name: Lorenz, Jessica
name: Golde, Tom
name: Käs, Josef A.
name: Smith, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanics of complex soft matter often cannot be understood in the classical physical frame of flexible polymers or rigid rods. The underlying constituents are semiflexible polymers, whose finite bending stiffness ($κ$) leads to non-trivial mechanical responses. A natural model for such polymers is the protein actin. Experimental studies of actin networks, however, are limited since the persistence length ($l_{\text{p}} \propto κ$) cannot be tuned. Here, we experimentally characterize this parameter for the first time in entangled networks formed by synthetically produced, structurally tunable DNA nanotubes. This material enabled the validation of characteristics inherent to semiflexible polymers and networks thereof, i.e., persistence length, inextensibility, reptation and mesh size scaling. While the scaling of the elastic plateau modulus with concentration $G_0 \propto c^{7/5}$ is consistent with previous measurements and established theories, the emerging persistence length scaling $G_0 \propto l_{\text{p}}$ opposes predominant theoretical predictions.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, + Supplemental Information
Observational evidence for temporary planetary wave forcing of the MLT during fall equinox
Creators: name: Stray, Nora H.
name: deWit, Rosmarie J.
name: Espy, Patrick J.
name: Hibbins, Robert E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present direct observations of zonal wave numbers 1 and 2 planetary wave activity in the mesopause region derived from a longitudinal chain of high-latitude Northern Hemisphere (51-66$^{\circ}$N) Super Dual Auroral Radar Network radars. Over a 9 year period (2000-2008), the planetary wave activity observed shows a consistent increase around the fall equinox. This is shown to be coincident with a minimum in the magnitude of the stratospheric winds and consequently a minimum in the stratospheric gravity wave filtering and the subsequent momentum deposition in the mesopause region. Despite this, the observed meridional winds are shown to be perturbed poleward and mesopause temperatures rise temporarily, suggesting that westward momentum deposition from planetary waves temporarily becomes the dominant forcing on the mesopause region each fall equinox.
Lattice Field Theory Study of Magnetic Catalysis in Graphene
Creators: name: DeTar, Carleton
name: Winterowd, Christopher
name: Zafeiropoulos, Savvas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the simulation of the low-energy effective field theory (EFT) for graphene in the presence of an external magnetic field. Our fully nonperturbative calculation uses methods of lattice gauge theory to study the theory using a hybrid Monte Carlo approach. We investigate the phenomenon of magnetic catalysis in the context of graphene by studying the chiral condensate which is the order parameter characterizing the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry. In the EFT, the symmetry breaking pattern is given by $U(4) \to U(2) \times U(2)$. We also comment on the difficulty, in this lattice formalism, of studying the time-reversal-odd condensate characterizing the ground state in the presence of a magnetic field. Finally, we study the mass spectrum of the theory, in particular the Nambu-Goldstone (NG) mode as well as the Dirac quasiparticle, which is predicted to obtain a dynamical mass.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures
The Liouville equation for flavour evolution of neutrinos and neutrino wave packets
Creators: name: Hansen, Rasmus Sloth Lundkvist
name: Smirnov, Alexei Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider several aspects related to the form, derivation and applications of the Liouville equation (LE) for flavour evolution of neutrinos. To take into account the quantum nature of neutrinos we derive the evolution equation for the matrix of densities using wave packets instead of Wigner functions. The obtained equation differs from the standard LE by an additional term which is proportional to the difference of group velocities. We show that this term describes loss of the propagation coherence in the system. In absence of inelastic collisions, the LE can be reduced to a single derivative equation over a trajectory coordinate. Additional time and spacial dependence may steam from initial (production) conditions. The transition from single neutrino evolution to the evolution of a neutrino gas is considered.
description: 17 pages
Rotational equilibria by Lagrangian variational principle: toward multi-dimensional stellar evolutions
Creators: name: Yasutake, Nobutoshi
name: Fujisawa, Kotaro
name: Yamada, Shoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a new formulation to obtain self-gravitating, axisymmetric configurations in permanent rotation. The formulation is based on the Lagrangian variational principle with a triangulated mesh. It treats not only barotropic but also baroclinic equations of state. We compare the various stellar equilibria obtained by our new scheme with those by Hachisu's self-consistent field scheme for the barotropic case, and those by Fujisawa's self-consistent field scheme for the baroclinic case. Included in these rotational configurations are those with shellular-type rotations, which are commonly assumed in the evolution calculation of rotating stars. Although radiation processes, convections and meridional flows have not been taken into account in this study, we have in mind the application of this method to the two-dimensional evolution calculations of rotating stars, for which the Lagrangian formulation is best suited.
description: 23 pages, 28 figures, accepted for publishing in MNRAS
Supplementary document for Quantitative Phase Microscopy for Time-Lapse Hypoxia-Induced Cellular Assays based on Transport of Intensity Equation - 7323229.pdf
Creators: name: Silva, Alejandro
name: arocena, Miguel
name: Hochmann, Jimena
name: Fernández, Ariel
name: Alonso, Julia
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Optical Physics not elsewhere classified

description: Supplemental material for the main manuscript
Inferring time-varying generation time, serial interval, and incubation period distributions for COVID-19.
Creators: name: Chen, Dongxuan
name: Lau, Yiu-Chung
name: Xu, Xiao-Ke
name: Wang, Lin
name: Du, Zhanwei
name: Tsang, Tim K
name: Wu, Peng
name: Lau, Eric HY
name: Wallinga, Jacco
name: Cowling, Benjamin J
name: Ali, Sheikh Taslim
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Article
/692/699/255
/692/700/478/174
/631/114/2415
/631/326/596/4130
/129
article

description: The generation time distribution, reflecting the time between successive infections in transmission chains, is a key epidemiological parameter for describing COVID-19 transmission dynamics. However, because exact infection times are rarely known, it is often approximated by the serial interval distribution. This approximation holds under the assumption that infectors and infectees share the same incubation period distribution, which may not always be true. We estimated incubation period and serial interval distributions using 629 transmission pairs reconstructed by investigating 2989 confirmed cases in China in January-February 2020, and developed an inferential framework to estimate the generation time distribution that accounts for variation over time due to changes in epidemiology, sampling biases and public health and social measures. We identified substantial reductions over time in the serial interval and generation time distributions. Our proposed method provides more reliable estimation of the temporal variation in the generation time distribution, improving assessment of transmission dynamics.
Innovation Adoption, Implementation and the Impact on Public Sector Performance: An Analysis Using SEM Modeling for Ethiopia
Creators: name: Solomon, Bereket
Publisher: name: African Journal of Leadership and Development
Year: 2021

description: Innovation in the public sector has become mandatory in the current globalized economy and turbulent environment. Using the cross-section sample of 743 employees and management officials of public sector organizations at the Federal and Addis Ababa City Administration in Ethiopia, the study explores the level of innovativeness and the barriers as well as driving factors of innovation. A mixed methods research design has been employed with an emphasis on quantitative data using a structural equation model (SEM). The findings reveal that there is evidence of the adoption and implementation of innovation practices in the civil service sectors of Ethiopia. The results confirm that innovation significantly and positively affected organizational performance. Government expectation, customer demand, and globalization are the major driving forces of innovation in the civil service sector. Lack of incentives and protection along with inappropriate organizational culture and structure are the major barriers to innovation in the public sector. The policy implication is that the government should design innovation policy and strategy and the civil service organizations should create appropriate organizational culture and structure to nurture faster innovation.
description: African Journal of Leadership and Development, Vol. 6 No. 1 (2021): Job Performance
Dextromethorphan/Bupropion: First Approval
Creators: name: Keam, Susan
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Susan J. Keam is a contracted employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability not applicable Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here. Abstract An oral, fixed-dose combination of dextromethorphan hydrobromide [an uncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist and sigma-1 receptor agonist] and the antidepressant bupropion hydrochloride (an aminoketone and CYP2D6 inhibitor that increases dextromethorphan bioavailability) [AUVELITYTM; dextromethorphan/bupropion], is being developed by Axsome Therapeutics, Inc. for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), Alzheimer’s disease agitation and smoking cessation. Dextromethorphan/bupropion was approved in the USA in August 2022 for the treatment of MDD in adults. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of dextromethorphan/bupropion leading to this first approval for the treatment of adults with MDD. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022
Granular Impact: A Grain-scale Approach
Creators: name: Clark, Abram H.
name: Petersen, Alec
name: Kondic, Lou
name: O'Hern, Corey
name: Behringer, Robert P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work summarizes a series of studies on two-dimensional granular impact, where an intruding object strikes a granular material at high speed. Many previous studies on granular impact have used a macroscopic force law, which is dominated by an inertial drag term proportional to the intruder velocity squared. The primary focus here is on the microscopic force response of the granular material, and how the grain-scale effects give rise to this inertial drag term. We show that the inertial drag arises from intermittent collisions with force-chain-like structures. We construct a simple collisional model to explain the inertial drag, as well as off-axis instability and rotations. Finally, we show how the granular response changes when the intruder speed approaches $d/t_c$, leading to a failure of the inertial drag description in this regime. Here, $d$ is the mean particle diameter and $t_c$ the characteristic momentum-transfer time between two grains.
description: This is draft version of a book chapter appearing in "Rapid Penetration into Granular Media" (eds. Iskander et al.)
Overseas Impact of USDA Reports: Evidence from Chinese Soybean Complex Futures
Creators: name: Hu, Zhepeng
name: Mallory, Mindy
name: Hu, Zhepeng
name: Mallory, Mindy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: announcement effects
subject: government news
subject: USDA
subject: Chinese commodity futures
subject: intraday prices

description: The value of USDA reports in the U.S. agricultural commodity futures markets has been intensively researched, but few studies have examined market responses to USDA reports in overseas markets. This paper investigates announcement effects of major USDA reports using intraday Chinese soybean complex futures prices and volume from the Dalian Commodity Exchange for January 2010 to April 2020. Results suggest that USDA reports have substantial informational value for market participants in China. In particular, strongest price and volume reactions to the releases occur immediately after the market opens and can persist for as long as an hour, depending on the size of the information shock and market liquidity. Further, we show that the informational value of the World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) report does not appear to be diminished after China started to release its official balance sheets for major agricultural commodities.
Dynamics of Axial Symmetric System in Self-Interacting Brans-Dicke Gravity
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Manzoor, Rubab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates dynamics of axial reflection symmetric model in self-interacting Brans-Dicke gravity for anisotropic fluid. We formulate hydrodynamical equations and discuss oscillations using time-dependent perturbation for both spin as well as spin-independent cases. The expressions of frequency, total energy density and equation of motion of oscillating model are obtained. We study instability of oscillating models in weak approximations. It is found that the oscillations and stability of the model depend upon the dark energy source along with anisotropy and reflection effects. We conclude that the axial reflection system remains stable for stiffness parameter $Γ=1$, collapses for $Γ>1$ and becomes unstable for $0
description: 24 pages, no figure, accepted for publication in publication in Eur. Phys. J. C
Stellar populations in star clusters
Creators: name: Li, Chengyuan
name: de Grijs, Richard
name: Deng, Licai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar populations contain the most important information about star clus- ter formation and evolution. Until several decades ago, star clusters were believed to be ideal laboratories for studies of simple stellar populations (SSPs). However, discoveries of multiple stellar populations in Galactic globular clusters have expanded our view on stellar populations in star clusters. They have simultaneously generated a number of controversies, particularly as to whether young star clusters may have the same origin as old globular clusters. In addition, extensive studies have revealed that the SSP scenario does not seem to hold for some intermediate-age and young star clusters either, thus making the origin of multiple stellar populations in star clusters even more complicated. Stellar population anomalies in numerous star clusters are well-documented, implying that the notion of star clusters as true SSPs faces serious challenges. In this review, we focus on stellar populations in massive clusters with different ages. We present the history and progress of research in this active field, as well as some of the most recent improvements, including observational results and scenar- ios that have been proposed to explain the observations. Although our current ability to determine the origin of multiple stellar populations in star clusters is unsatisfactory, we propose a number of promising projects that may contribute to a significantly improved understanding of this subject.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures. Invited review for Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Global Vertices and the Noising Paradox
Creators: name: Raftopoulos, Konstantinos A.
name: Kollias, Stefanos D.
name: Ferecatu, Marin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A theoretical and experimental analysis related to the identification of vertices of unknown shapes is presented. Shapes are seen as real functions of their closed boundary. Unlike traditional approaches, which see curvature as the rate of change of the tangent to the curve, an alternative global perspective of curvature is examined providing insight into the process of noise-enabled vertex localization. The analysis leads to a paradox, that certain vertices can be localized better in the presence of noise. The concept of noising is thus considered and a relevant global method for localizing "Global Vertices" is investigated. Theoretical analysis reveals that induced noise can help localizing certain vertices if combined with global descriptors. Experiments with noise and a comparison to localized methods validate the theoretical results.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures
Conceptual Rover Design for Future Turkish Lunar Mission.pdf
Creators: name: kosoglu, barbaros teoman
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400107
subject: Satellite, space vehicle and missile design and testing

description: Moon missions are growing in popularity, with numerous nations such as Russia, China, and the USA, and commercial enterprises aiming to explore the lunar surface. Türkiye is also taking a step to become one of the pioneers in the space race, with the "National Space Program", introduced in 2020 by the Turkish Space Agency (TUA). One of the main pillars of the National Space Program is the Moon Research Program where two missions are planned with targets of reaching the Lunar orbit and then the surface through hard landing within a few years (AYAP-1) and delivering a rover to the surface through soft landing (AYAP-2). In this manner, a group of AYAP-1 scholarship students of TUBITAK UZAY-Space Technologies Research Institute and Space Exploration Society (UKET) members has performed a conceptual design for a small Lunar rover considering AYAP-2 (soft landing mission). UKET is the main organizer of the international Anatolian Rover Challenge, which is the first and only international rover challenge in Türkiye and it aims to cultivate competent engineers for the space industry for TUA and TUBITAK UZAY. In this paper, the design factors of the rover are discussed, including the choice of the instruments, the rover's size and mobility, payload capacity, subsystems, the technical budgets needed for development and operations, and the conceptual design of the rover itself. The main goal in designing the rover is to carry out scientific research focused on the physical properties of the landing site, detect and analyze the concentrations of different minerals and elements, measure the growth of organisms under the conditions of the Moon, and investigate how the mining capacity of microorganisms is effected from the lunar conditions.
The ubiquitous photonic wheel
Creators: name: Aiello, Andrea
name: Banzer, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A circularly polarized electromagnetic plane wave carries an electric field that rotates clockwise or counterclockwise around the propagation direction of the wave. According to the handedness of this rotation, its \emph{longitudinal} spin angular momentum density is either parallel or antiparallel to the propagation of light. However, there are also light waves that are not simply plane and carry an electric field that rotates around an axis perpendicular to the propagation direction, thus yielding \emph{transverse} spin angular momentum density. Electric field configurations of this kind have been suggestively dubbed "photonic wheels". It has been recently shown that photonic wheels are commonplace in optics as they occur in electromagnetic fields confined by waveguides, in strongly focused beams, in plasmonic and evanescent waves. In this work we establish a general theory of electromagnetic waves {propagating along a well defined direction, which carry} transverse spin angular momentum density. We show that depending on the shape of {these waves, the} spin density may be either perpendicular to the \emph{mean} linear momentum (globally transverse spin) or to the linear momentum \emph{density} (locally transverse spin). We find that the latter case generically occurs only for non-diffracting beams, such as the Bessel beams. Moreover, we introduce the concept of \emph{meridional} Stokes parameters to operationally quantify the transverse spin density. To illustrate our theory, we apply it to the exemplary cases of Bessel beams and evanescent waves. These results open a new and accessible route to the understanding, generation and manipulation of optical beams with transverse spin angular momentum density.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
High-resolution optical spectroscopy of RS Ophiuchi during 2008 -- 2009
Creators: name: Somero, A.
name: Hakala, P.
name: Wynn, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: RS Ophiuchi is a symbiotic variable and a recurrent nova. We have monitored it with the Nordic Optical Telescope and obtained 30 high resolution (R=46 000) optical spectra over one orbital cycle during quiescence. To our knowledge this is the best-sampled high resolution spectroscopic dataset of RS Oph over one orbital period. We do not detect any direct signatures of an accretion disc such as double peaked emission lines, but many line profiles are complex consisting of superimposed emission and absorption components. We measure the spin of the red giant and conclude that it is tidally locked to the binary orbit. We observe Na I absorption features, probably arising from the circumbinary medium, that has been shaped by previous recurrent nova outbursts. We do not detect any intrinsic polarisation in the optical wavelengths.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures + Appendix with trailed spectrograms. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The Role of Ice Compositions for Snowlines and the C/N/O Ratios in Active Disks
Creators: name: Piso, Ana-Maria A.
name: Pegues, Jamila
name: Oberg, Karin I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The elemental compositions of planets define their chemistry, and could potentially be used as beacons for their formation location if the elemental gas and grain ratios of planet birth environments, i.e. protoplanetary disks, are well understood. In disks, the ratios of volatile elements, such as C/O and N/O, are regulated by the abundance of the main C, N, O carriers, their ice binding environment, and the presence of snowlines of major volatiles at different distances from the central star. We explore the effects of disk dynamical processes, molecular compositions and abundances, and ice compositions on the snowline locations of the main C, O and N carriers, and the C/N/O ratios in gas and dust throughout the disk. The gas-phase N/O ratio enhancement in the outer disk (exterior to the H2O snowline) exceeds the C/O ratio enhancement for all reasonable volatile compositions. Ice compositions and disk dynamics individually change the snowline location of N2, the main nitrogen carrier, by a factor of 2-3, and when considered together the range of possible N2 snowline locations is ~11- ~79 AU in a standard disk model. Observations that anchor snowline locations at different stages of planet formation are therefore key to develop C/N/O ratios as a probe of planet formation zones.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. accepted to ApJ
Ornithomimus velox
Creators: name: Osborn, H. F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1917
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Dinosauria
Ornithomimidae
Ornithomimus
Ornithomimus velox

description: 1. Ornithomimus velox. The genotype specimen of Ornithomimus velox Marsh is probably of Triceratops zone age. It consists of leg bones found in 1892 by G. L. Cannon about twelve miles from Denver, Colorado, near where the old Morrison should have left the mesa going down into Beaver Creek Valley at the head of a small arroyo east of road and near a small white school house.1 The geologic age of this genotype still remains to be determined precisely; it is probably the Triceratops zone. The records of the Peabody Museum, Yale University, are as follows: The genotype of Ornithomimus velox bears the catalogue number Yale Museum 542, collected by George L. Cannon June 30, 1889, in the Denver sandstone, in the southwest quarter of section 27, tier 4 S., range 69 W. The locality note in Professor Marsh’s handwriting is as follows: “ Foot of Ornithomimus ? found on Bear Creek road from Morrison to Denver, where it leaves the creek and goes on hills, 6 m. from Morrison. (Right hand side road). 20 ft. from road bed, near end of gully within 100 yards of house of left of road (white house with chicken coops and the only house on slope of hill near top.) 6 ft. below road bed and near end of gully.” The presumption is that this is the same horizon as that of Triceratops (Bison) alticornis, but that specimen is now in the United States National Museum, Washington. 2 The locality of the type of Triceratops (Bison) alticornis is in the suburbs of the city of Denver. The records of the United States National Museum give the locality of the type of Triceratops alticornis as Green Mountain Creek, near Denver, Colorado.3 Marsh in his description says: "Portions of the same specimen were subsequently secured by Whitman Cross of the U. S. Geological Survey.”
description: Published as part of Osborn, H. F., 1917, Skeletal Adaptations of Ornitholestes, Struthiomimus, Tyrannosaurus, pp. 733-771 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 35 on page 738, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1040385
Band structure and spin texture of Bi$_2$Se$_3$/3d ferromagnetic metal interface
Creators: name: Zhang, Jia
name: Velev, Julian P.
name: Dang, Xiaoqian
name: Tsymbal, Evgeny Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-helical surface states in three-dimensional topological insulator (TI), such as Bi2Se3, are predicted to have superior efficiency in converting charge current into spin polarization. This property is said to be responsible for the giant spin-orbit torques observed in ferromagnetic metal/TI structures. In this work, using first-principles and model tight-binding calculations, we investigate the interface between the topological insulator Bi2Se3 and 3d-transition ferromagnetic metals Ni and Co. We find that the difference in the work functions of the topological insulator and the ferromagnetic metals shift the topological surface states down about 0.5 eV below the Fermi energy where the hybridization of these surface states with the metal bands destroys their helical spin structure. The band alignment of Bi2Se3 and Ni (Co) places the Fermi energy far in the conduction band of bulk Bi2Se3, where the spin of the carriers is aligned with the magnetization in the metal. Our results indicate that the topological surface states are unlikely to be responsible for the huge spin-orbit torque effect observed experimentally in these systems.
description: 4 figures
Employee State of Emotional Intelligence and their Level of Job Performance in Federal Civil Service Sector of Ethiopia
Creators: name: Yohannes, Mindaye
name: Lemma, Belaynesh
Publisher: name: African Journal of Leadership and Development
Year: 2021

description: This research aims at investigating employees’ state of emotional intelligence and its role in employee job performance. More specifically, it embarks on the link between the nature of emotional intelligence and job performance. Two variables are considered in this study: emotional intelligence and job performance. As such, this probe cans a kind of help for managers and researchers to better realize the link between these two variables. It can also inform and assist organizational practitioners to have a better understanding of the relationship between the mentioned factors. The study employed quantitative inquiry. Descriptive statistics and correlation are conducted to identify employee levels of emotional intelligence and job performance as well as the relationships between the variables respectively. A standardized questionnaire is employed to collect relevant data. Random sampling specifically stratified random sampling was used for the study because it allows dividing the population into sub-groups and taking an equal proportion of research participants from the whole population. The descriptive statistics indicate that employees have fairly high levels of emotional intelligence dimensions and job performance. The correlation analysis also shows that there is a significant positive relationship between the five dimensions of emotional intelligence and the three dimensions of job performance.
description: African Journal of Leadership and Development, Vol. 6 No. 1 (2021): Job Performance
GPS scintillation and irregularities at the front of an ionization tongue in the nightside polar ionosphere
Creators: name: van der Meeren, Christer
name: Oksavik, Kjellmar
name: Lorentzen, Dag
name: Moen, Jøran Idar
name: Romano, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study a tongue of ionization (TOI) on 31 October 2011 which stretched across the polar cap from the Canadian dayside sector to Svalbard in the nightside ionosphere. The TOI front arrived over Svalbard around 1930 UT. We have investigated GPS scintillation and irregularities in relation to this TOI front. This is the first study presenting such detailed multi-instrument data of scintillation and irregularities in relation to a TOI front. Combining data from an all-sky imager, the European Incoherent Scatter Svalbard Radar, the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network Hankasalmi radar, and three GPS scintillation and total electron content (TEC) monitors in Longyearbyen and Ny-Ålesund, we observe bursts of phase scintillation and no amplitude scintillation in relation to the leading gradient of the TOI. Spectrograms of 50 Hz phase measurements show highly localized and variable structuring of the TOI leading gradient, with no structuring or scintillation within the TOI or ahead of the TOI.
Chasing weightlessness : a return to self
Creators: name: Muwwakkil, Love
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Liberation
Dance
Flight
Embodied

description: Chasing Weightlessness: A Return to Self is a deeply personal and introspective exploration of my journey towards rediscovering an inherent sense of liberation through locating moments of flight and weightlessness. Reflecting on a series of professional and personal experiences, I identify embodied tools that allow me to grapple with the effects of the imposed colonial archive on the body and seek to answer these questions: What does liberation feel like in my body? How do we navigate and dismantle the imposed colonial archive that lives in our bodies? What strategies can we use to reconnect or resource the inherent liberation in our bodies and instill deep trust of self? What happens when we stop performing liberation and make it a lived experience? I highlight the above questions as a personal road map on my quest for flight and weightlessness. Applying embodied tools as praxis, I explore the creative iteration of my work, ReSourced: Portals of Possibility, side by side with the written documentation, as a collection of embodied attempts to locate and sustain a state of liberation in my body, as a way to counteract the tensions of being both Black and a woman, and to understand the experience of freedom in my first home, the body. This work highlights the tension between oppression and liberation that I am constantly negotiating and invites the reader to have an embodied experience alongside the reading.
Kibble-Zurek mechanism in the self-organization of a cold atomic cloud
Creators: name: Labeyrie, Guillaume
name: Kaiser, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When applying two counter-propagating laser beams to a cold cloud of Rubidium atoms, we observe the spontaneous formation of intensity patterns associated with a spatial structuration of the atomic spins. We study the average number of defects in these patterns as a function of the sweep time employed to cross the transition threshold. We observe a power-law decrease of the number of defects with increasing sweep time, typical of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. The measured exponent is consistent with the prediction for a supercritical bifurcation.
description: 5 pages, 4 Figures
Struthiomimus tenuis
Creators: name: Osborn, H. F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1917
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Dinosauria
Ornithomimidae
Struthiomimus
Struthiomimus tenuis

description: 2. Struthiomimus tenuis. The type of the geologically more ancient " Ornithomimus” tenuis 4 Marsh bears the catalogue number U. S. Nat. Mus. 5814. It is of Monoclonius-Ceratops zone age, from the Judith River formation as exposed on Birch Creek, Montana, and was collected by J. B. Hatcher in 1888. Hatcher state’s 5 that he found Marsh’s type of this species, consisting of a foot and a portion of a limb, on Cow Island, Missouri River, at a level which he estimates from 1,500 to 1,600 feet below the summit of the Judith River beds and 500 to 600 feet below the level of Marsh’s type of Ceratops montanus.
description: Published as part of Osborn, H. F., 1917, Skeletal Adaptations of Ornitholestes, Struthiomimus, Tyrannosaurus, pp. 733-771 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 35 on page 740, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1040385
Perspectives for Muon Colliders and Neutrino Factories
Creators: name: Bonesini, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High brilliance muon beams are needed for future facilities such as a Neutrino Factory, an Higgs-factory or a multi-TeV Muon Collider. The R&D path involves many aspects, of which cooling of the incoming muon beams is essential.
description: conference Physics Prospects for Linear and other Future Colliders after the Discovery of the Higgs (LFC15) 07-11 Sep 2015. ECT Trento, Italy
Optimal sizing of distribution-scale energy storage
Creators: name: Pretorius, Leah Naomi
name: 0009-0008-7881-4799
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Battery energy storage
Distributed energy resources
Techno-economic optimization model
Coincident-peak avoidance
Austin Energy

description: Global warming and reliability concerns have intensified the interest in developing energy storage technologies. Energy storage has the potential to reduce carbon emissions by decreasing electricity demand from power plants, increasing the reliability of electricity supplied to customers, and saving costs by deferring upgrades of overloaded systems. Current efforts to implement storage are limited because existing power systems have a large generation capacity that can ordinarily match system demand; thus, it is difficult to justify the economic gains of storage technologies in an already interconnected network. However, with the rise in electrification and variable renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power, the value proposition of storage might be changing, especially in local distribution systems. As such, more advanced modeling techniques are needed to assess the technical and economic feasibility of integrating batteries into electric grids. This study uses REopt (Renewable Energy Integration and Optimization), a comprehensive and accurate optimization tool developed by the National Renewable Energy Lab, to quantify the energetic, environmental and economic impacts of distributed energy resources in Austin Energy’s power portfolio. Austin Energy is a municipal electric utility owned and operated by the City of Austin, which is the state capital of Texas. This study’s findings suggest that the value of utility-scale energy storage is expected to increase with future load growth on the grid and as extreme weather events become more catastrophic. We show that batteries as small as 1MW can increase reliability of the grid; however, a larger battery is more profitable by providing higher savings from energy arbitrage and 4 Coincident-Peak (4CP) avoidance. Our results demonstrate that a battery is only economical if it can perform 4CP avoidance and although perfect foresight of 4CP events is useful, it is not that important when considering the value of storage. In summary, there are promising opportunities for energy storage as small as 1MW in providing economic savings and resilience benefits to overloaded feeders in Austin Energy’s distribution network.