cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ophthalmologist–Patient Communication, Self-efficacy, and Glaucoma Medication Adherence
Creators: name: Sleath, Betsy
name: Sayner, Robyn
name: Slota, Catherine
name: Muir, Kelly W.
name: Giangiacomo, Annette L.
name: Tudor, Gail
name: Lawrence, Scott D.
name: Carpenter, Delesha M.
name: Hartnett, Mary Elizabeth
name: Robin, Alan L.
name: Blalock, Susan J.
name: Goldsmith, Jason A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The objective of the study was to examine the association between provider-patient communication, glaucoma medication adherence self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and glaucoma medication adherence.
Postinjection Endophthalmitis in the Comparison of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials (CATT)
Creators: name: Meredith, Travis A.
name: Maguire, Maureen G.
name: Martin, Daniel F.
name: Peskin, Ellen
name: Doft, Bernard H.
name: McCannel, Colin A.
name: Barr, Charles
name: Prenner, Jonathan L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: To describe the incidence and outcomes of endophthalmitis after intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF agents in the Comparison of Age-related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials (CATT) and to assess the effect of use of prophylactic topical antimicrobials on incidence.
A systematic approach to understanding and quantifying the EU’s bioeconomy
Creators: name: Ronzon, Tévécia
name: Piotrowski, Stephan
name: M’Barek, Robert
name: Carus, Michael
Publisher: name: Bio-based and Applied Economics
Year: 2017

description: In 2014, approximately 18.6 million people in the European Union (EU) were employed in the bioeconomy, generating annual turnover of around EUR 2.2 trillion. And over the period 2008-2014, almost all sectors of the bioeconomy in the EU experienced labour productivity gains (in terms of turnover per person employed). Agriculture and the manufacture of food, beverages and tobacco accounted for three quarters of the jobs and two thirds of the turnover of the European bioeconomy, while, among different sectors, the highest levels of labour productivity were achieved in the manufacture of bio-based chemicals, pharmaceuticals, plastics and rubber, as well as the production of bioelectricity. This EU bioeconomy overview has been compiled after estimating (using Comext codes) the bio-based content of hundreds of products produced and manufactured in the bioeconomy sectors. Using official statistics, such quantification is easy to replicate and update. It also allows us to highlight similarities and diversities in national bioeconomy patterns within the EU, and to discuss how analysis can support the development of bioeconomy strategies in EU Member States.
description: Bio-based and Applied Economics, Vol 6 No 1 (2017)
Asteroid lightcurves from the Palomar Transient Factory survey: Rotation periods and phase functions from sparse photometry
Creators: name: Waszczak, Adam
name: Chang, Chan-Kao
name: Ofek, Eran O.
name: Laher, Russ
name: Masci, Frank
name: Levitan, David
name: Surace, Jason
name: Cheng, Yu-Chi
name: Ip, Wing-Huen
name: Kinoshita, Daisuke
name: Helou, George
name: Prince, Thomas A.
name: Kulkarni, Shrinivas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We fit 54,296 sparsely-sampled asteroid lightcurves in the Palomar Transient Factory to a combined rotation plus phase-function model. Each lightcurve consists of 20+ observations acquired in a single opposition. Using 805 asteroids in our sample that have reference periods in the literature, we find the reliability of our fitted periods is a complicated function of the period, amplitude, apparent magnitude and other attributes. Using the 805-asteroid ground-truth sample, we train an automated classifier to estimate (along with manual inspection) the validity of the remaining 53,000 fitted periods. By this method we find 9,033 of our lightcurves (of 8,300 unique asteroids) have reliable periods. Subsequent consideration of asteroids with multiple lightcurve fits indicate 4% contamination in these reliable periods. For 3,902 lightcurves with sufficient phase-angle coverage and either a reliably-fit period or low amplitude, we examine the distribution of several phase-function parameters, none of which are bimodal though all correlate with the bond albedo and with visible-band colors. Comparing the theoretical maximal spin rate of a fluid body with our amplitude versus spin-rate distribution suggests that, if held together only by self-gravity, most asteroids are in general less dense than 2 g/cm$^3$, while C types have a lower limit of between 1 and 2 g/cm$^3$, in agreement with previous density estimates. For 5-20km diameters, S types rotate faster and have lower amplitudes than C types. If both populations share the same angular momentum, this may indicate the two types' differing ability to deform under rotational stress. Lastly, we compare our absolute magnitudes and apparent-magnitude residuals to those of the Minor Planet Center's nominal $G=0.15$, rotation-neglecting model; our phase-function plus Fourier-series fitting reduces asteroid photometric RMS scatter by a factor of 3.
description: 35 pages, 29 figures. Accepted 15-Apr-2015 to The Astronomical Journal (AJ). Supplementary material including ASCII data tables will be available through the publishing journal's website
Risk for complications in the subsequent pregnancy following first versus second-stage cesarean delivery: 25 years follow-up in a large cohort
Creators: name: Bitensky, Shira
name: Pariente, Gali
name: Rotem, Reut
name: Sergienko, Ruslan
name: Weintraub, Adi Yehuda
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Statistics

description: Cesarean delivery is a prevalent procedure worldwide, and an established risk factor for subsequent pregnancies. To examine if a prior cesarean delivery due to first vs. second stage non-progressive labor carries different risk profiles for adverse outcomes in the subsequent pregnancy. A retrospective cohort study, based on data accumulated over the years 1988–2013 at the Soroka University Medical Center. We compared pregnancy complications and adverse perinatal outcomes in subsequent delivery following a cesarean delivery due to first vs. second stage non-progressive labor. Multiple logistic regression models were constructed. There were 3828 subsequent deliveries of patients who underwent prior cesarean delivery due to first vs. second stage non-progressive labor, 2791 (72.91%) and 1037 (27.09%), respectively. Patients with a prior cesarean delivery due to first stage non-progressive labor were more likely to have hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (7.4% vs 3.8% in first vs. second stage non-progressive labor, respectively, p = .002), and repeated cesarean delivery at the subsequent pregnancy (70% vs 62% in first vs. second stage non-progressive labor, respectively, p < .001). Patients with prior cesarean delivery due to second stage non-progressive labor were more likely to have preterm birth (10% vs 6.8% in second vs. first stage non-progressive labor, respectively, p = .001). Prior cesarean delivery due to first stage non-progressive labor was independently associated with a recurrent cesarean delivery in the subsequent pregnancy. In addition, prior cesarean delivery due to second stage non-progressive labor was independently associated with preterm birth. Cesarean delivery due to first stage non-progressive labor carries higher rates of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and recurrent cesarean delivery in the subsequent pregnancy. Prior cesarean delivery due to second stage non-progressive labor carries higher rates of subsequent preterm birth.
title: Whole-body MRI in multiple myeloma: a retrospective study comparing ADC maps and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging (DCE-MRI) in evaluation of post treatment response
Creators: name: Arcuri, Pier Paolo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Bones
subject: Haematologic
subject: Oncology
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Staging
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Cancer
subject: Metastases

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: The aim of our study was to compare, in Whole Body-MRI (WB-MRI),the diagnostic capabilities of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE-MRI) in evaluation of post treatment response of Multiple Myeloma...
title: Efficacy of infra popliteal angioplasty for treatment of chronic lower limb ischaemia
Creators: name: Sabetrasekh, Parto
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Extremities
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Angioplasty
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Lower limb arterial stenosis is associated with high morbidity and mortality and is a major reason for amputation. As many patients are old aged persons with multiple cardiovascular risk factors, surgical intervention is associated with major risks...
Maternal-fetal physical model: image fusion obtained by white light scanner and magnetic resonance imaging
Creators: name: Werner, Heron
name: Castro, Pedro
name: Lopes, Jorge
name: Ribeiro, Gerson
name: Júnior, Edward Araujo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Physical fetal models developed from three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan data may be used for medical education purposes, for parental counseling/multidisciplinary team management and to improve the maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) in blind pregnant women. We proposed a new technique to create a maternal-fetal physical model by using MRI scan data to improve the MFA. For the construction of the maternal-fetal physical model, two different processes were used. For the internal part of the maternal-fetal physical model, we used the segmentation and the 3D reconstruction made from the MRI scan data, and for the outside, we performed 3D scanning by using a white light scanner. After obtaining the 3D models, we used a registration tool to position them in alignment. Maternal-fetal physical models improve the MFA by using both tactile and visual sensations of the pregnant woman and her fetus.
Helium Reionization Simulations. I. Modeling Quasars as Radiation Sources
Creators: name: La Plante, Paul
name: Trac, Hy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new project to understand helium reionization using fully coupled $N$-body, hydrodynamics, and radiative transfer simulations. This project aims to capture correctly the thermal history of the intergalactic medium (IGM) as a result of reionization and make predictions about the Lyman-$α$ forest and baryon temperature-density relation. The dominant sources of radiation for this transition are quasars, so modeling the source population accurately is very important for making reliable predictions. In this first paper, we present a new method for populating dark matter halos with quasars. Our set of quasar models include two different light curves, a lightbulb (simple on/off) and symmetric exponential model, and luminosity-dependent quasar lifetimes. Our method self-consistently reproduces an input quasar luminosity function (QLF) given a halo catalog from an $N$-body simulation, and propagates quasars through the merger history of halo hosts. After calibrating quasar clustering using measurements from BOSS, we find that the characteristic mass of quasar hosts is $M_h \sim 2.5 \times 10^{12} M_\odot$ $h^{-1}$ for the lightbulb model, and $M_h \sim 2.3 \times 10^{12} M_\odot$ $h^{-1}$ for the exponential model. In the exponential model, the peak quasar luminosity for a given halo mass is larger than that in the lightbulb model, typically by a factor of 1.5-2. The effective lifetime for quasars in the lightbulb model is 59 Myr, and in the exponential case, the effective time constant is about 15 Myr. We include semi-analytic calculations of helium reionization, and discuss how to include these quasars as sources of ionizing radiation for full hydrodynamics with radiative transfer simulations in order to study helium reionization.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures. Updated for ApJ version. For a video summary of the paper, visit: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGGtjetxjnk
The Risk of Intraocular Pressure Elevation in Pediatric Noninfectious Uveitis
Creators: name: Sen, H. Nida
name: Jabs, Douglas A.
name: Lawrence, Scott D.
name: Foster, C. Stephen
name: Suhler, Eric B.
name: Liesegang, Teresa L.
name: Nussenblatt, Robert B.
name: Pistilli, Maxwell
name: Rosenbaum, James T.
name: Levy-Clarke, Grace A.
name: Kothari, Srishti
name: Thorne, Jennifer E.
name: Daniel, Ebenezer
name: Kempen, John H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: To characterize the risk and risk factors for intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation in pediatric non-infectious uveitis.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on depression and stress levels in pregnant women: a national survey during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico
Creators: name: Medina-Jimenez, Virginia
name: de la Luz Bermudez-Rojas, Maria
name: Murillo-Bargas, Hector
name: Rivera-Camarillo, Ana Claudia
name: Muñoz-Acosta, Jairo
name: Ramirez-Abarca, Tania Gabriela
name: Esparza-Valencia, Diana Magdalena
name: Angeles-Torres, Alejandra Cristina
name: Lara-Avila, Leticia
name: Hernandez-Muñoz, Veronica Aide
name: Madrigal-Tejeda, Fernando Javier
name: Estudillo-Jimenez, Gaston Eduardo
name: Jacobo-Enciso, Luis Mauricio
name: Torres-Torres, Johnatan
name: Espino-y-Sosa, Salvador
name: Baltazar-Martinez, Mariana
name: Villanueva-Calleja, Job
name: Nava-Sanchez, Aaron Ezequiel
name: Mendoza-Carrera, Claudia Elvira
name: Aguilar-Torres, César
name: Celis-Gonzalez, Cuauhtemoc
name: Martinez-Portilla, Raigam Jafet
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: COVID-19 outbreak has been associated with a wide variety of psychiatric manifestations such as panic, anxiety, and depression. We aim to assess the impact of the COVID − 19 pandemic on the levels of stress and depression of pregnant women in Mexico. A cross-sectional web survey was carried out in pregnant women in 10 states of the Mexican Republic during the COVID-19 pandemic among public and private hospitals. The perception of stress was assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale, while depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. A total of 549 surveys were applied, of which 96.1% (n = 503) were included in the data analysis. The mean participant’s age was 28.1 years old. The mean perceived stress scale score was 24. 33.2% (n = 167) of participants had a score equal to 27 points or more and were considered highly stressed. The mean depression score was 9. A total of 17.5% (n = 88) participants had more than 14 points on the Edinburgh’s depression scale, and were considered depressed. Stress levels were higher at later gestational ages (p = .008). COVID-19 pandemic has caused mental health issues in pregnant women reflected by high perceived stress levels and depression.
MPEC 2023-T221 : 2023 TY8
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 TY8

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A 'snip' in time: what is the best age to circumcise?
Creators: name: Banerjee, Joya
name: Wamai, Richard G.
name: Bailey, Robert C.
name: Bailis, Stefan A.
name: Willcourt, Robin J.
name: Morris, Brian J.
name: Wiswell, Thomas E.
name: Klausner, Jeffrey D.
name: Halperin, Daniel T.
name: Mindel, Adrian
name: Tobian, Aaron A.R.
name: Gray, Ronald H.
name: Waskett, Jake H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: BackgroundCircumcision is a common procedure, but regional and societal attitudes differ on whether there is a need for a male to be circumcised and, if so, at what age. This is an important issue for many parents, but also pediatricians, other doctors, policy makers, public health authorities, medical bodies, and males themselves.DiscussionWe show here that infancy is an optimal time for clinical circumcision because an infant's low mobility facilitates the use of local anesthesia, sutures are not required, healing is quick, cosmetic outcome is usually excellent, costs are minimal, and complications are uncommon. The benefits of infant circumcision include prevention of urinary tract infections (a cause of renal scarring), reduction in risk of inflammatory foreskin conditions such as balanoposthitis, foreskin injuries, phimosis and paraphimosis. When the boy later becomes sexually active he has substantial protection against risk of HIV and other viral sexually transmitted infections such as genital herpes and oncogenic human papillomavirus, as well as penile cancer. The risk of cervical cancer in his female partner(s) is also reduced. Circumcision in adolescence or adulthood may evoke a fear of pain, penile damage or reduced sexual pleasure, even though unfounded. Time off work or school will be needed, cost is much greater, as are risks of complications, healing is slower, and stitches or tissue glue must be used.SummaryInfant circumcision is safe, simple, convenient and cost-effective. The available evidence strongly supports infancy as the optimal time for circumcision.
Predictive statistical mechanics and macroscopic time evolution: hydrodynamics and entropy production
Creators: name: Kuic, Domagoj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the previous papers (Kuić et al. in Found Phys 42:319-339, 2012; Kuić in arXiv:1506.02622, 2015), it was demonstrated that applying the principle of maximum information entropy by maximizing the conditional information entropy, subject to the constraint given by the Liouville equation averaged over the phase space, leads to a definition of the rate of entropy change for closed Hamiltonian systems without any additional assumptions. Here, we generalize this basic model and, with the introduction of the additional constraints which are equivalent to the hydrodynamic continuity equations, show that the results obtained are consistent with the known results from the nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. In this way, as a part of the approach developed in this paper, the rate of entropy change and entropy production density for the classical Hamiltonian fluid are obtained. The results obtained suggest the general applicability of the foundational principles of predictive statistical mechanics and their importance for the theory of irreversibility.
description: 25 pages, revtex4; version accepted in Found. Phys
Effect of routine probiotic, Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938, use on rates of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates with birthweight < 1000 grams: a sequential analysis
Creators: name: Smith, McCrae
name: Carlos, Rita Q.
name: Davanzo, Christie C.
name: Hunter, Chelsea
name: Ransom, James L.
name: Wimmer Jr, John E.
name: Gal, Peter
name: Dimaguila, Mary Ann V.T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: BackgroundNecrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a disease in neonates, often resulting in death or serious medical or neurodevelopmental complications. The rate of NEC is highest in the smallest babies and many efforts have been tried to reduce the rate of NEC. In neonates born below 1500 grams, the rate of NEC has been significantly reduced with the use of various probiotics. This study examines the impact of routine use of a probiotic, Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (BioGaia®), on the rate of NEC in neonates at highest risk for developing NEC, those with birth weight ≤1000 grams.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study comparing the rates of NEC in neonates with birth weight ≤ 1000 grams. The groups are separated into those neonates born from January 2004 to June 30, 2009, before introduction of L. reuteri , and neonates born July 2009 through April 2011 who received routine L. reuteri prophylaxis. The chart review study was approved by our institutional review board and exempted from informed consent.Neonates were excluded if they died or were transferred within the first week of life. The remainder were categorized as having no NEC, medical NEC, surgical NEC, or NEC associated death. Since no major changes occurred in our NICU practice in recent years, and the introduction of L. reuteri as routine prophylaxis was abrupt, we attributed the post-probiotic changes to the introduction of this new therapy. Rates of NEC were compared using Chi square analysis with Fisher exact t-test.ResultsMedical records for 311 neonates were reviewed, 232 before- and 79 after-introduction of L. reuteri prophylaxis. The incidence of NEC was significantly lower in the neonates who received L. reuteri (2 of 79 neonates [2.5%] versus 35 of 232 untreated neonates [15.1%]). Rates of late-onset gram-negative or fungal infections (22.8 versus 31%) were not statistically different between treated and untreated groups. No adverse events related to use of L reuteri were noted.ConclusionsProphylactic initiation of L. reuteri as a probiotic for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis resulted in a statistically significant benefit, with avoidance of 1 NEC case for every 8 patients given prophylaxis.
title: The role of cART in preventing neurodegenerative process in chronic HIV infection measured by multivoxel proton MRS of the brain
Creators: name: Boban, Jasmina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: AIDS
subject: Dementia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Despite timely introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), which is crucial for peripheral control of disease, prevalence of mild forms of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains stable [1, 2]. The aim of this study was to...
Influence of the nature of confinement on the melting of Wigner molecules in quantum dots
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Dyuti
name: Filinov, A. V.
name: Ghosal, Amit
name: Bonitz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the quantum melting of two-dimensional Wigner molecules (WM) in confined geometries with distinct symmetries and compare it with corresponding thermal melting. Our findings unfold complementary mechanisms that drive the quantum and thermal crossovers in a WM and show that the symmetry of the confinement plays no significant role in determining the quantum crossover scale $n_X$. This is because the zero-point motion screens the boundary effects within short distances. The phase diagram as a function of thermal and quantum fluctuations determined from independent criteria is unique, and shows "melting" from the WM to both the classical and quantum "liquids." An intriguing signature of weakening liquidity with increasing temperature, $T$, is found in the extreme quantum regime. The crossover is associated with production of defects. However, these defects appear to play distinct roles in driving the quantum and thermal "melting." Our study will help comprehending melting in a variety of experimental traps - from quantum dots to complex plasma.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Statistical studies of supernova environments
Creators: name: Anderson, Joseph P.
name: James, Phil A.
name: Habergham, Stacey M.
name: Galbany, Lluís
name: Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Investigations of the environments of SNe allow statistical constraints to be made on progenitor properties. We review progress that has been made in this field. Pixel statistics using tracers of e.g. star formation within galaxies show differences in the explosion sites of, in particular SNe types II and Ibc (SNe II and SNe Ibc), suggesting differences in population ages. Of particular interest is that SNe Ic are significantly more associated with H-alpha emission than SNe Ib, implying shorter lifetimes for the former. In addition, such studies have shown that the interacting SNe IIn do not explode in regions containing the most massive stars, which suggests that at least a significant fraction of their progenitors arise from the lower end of the core-collapse SN mass range. Host HII region spectroscopy has been obtained for a significant number of core-collapse events, however definitive conclusions have to-date been elusive. Single stellar evolution models predict that the fraction of SNe Ibc to SNe II should increase with increasing metallicity, due to the dependence of mass-loss rates on progenitor metallicity. We present a meta-analysis of host HII region oxygen abundances for CC SNe. It is concluded that the SN II to SN Ibc ratio shows little variation with oxygen abundance, with only a suggestion that the ratio increases in the lowest bin. Radial distributions of different SNe are discussed, where a central excess of SNe Ibc has been observed within disturbed galaxy systems, which is difficult to ascribe to metallicity or selection effects. Environment studies are evolving to enable studies at higher spatial resolutions than previously possible, while in addition the advent of wide-field integral field unit instruments allows galaxy-wide spectral analyses which will provide fruitful results to this field. Some example contemporary results are shown in that direction.
description: Invited review. Accepted for publication in special edition 'Supernovae in the local Universe' of PASA. (Abstract abridged to fit within allowed character limits.)
Interactive media for parental education on managing children chronic condition: a systematic review of the literature
Creators: name: Ferris, Maria
name: Viera, Anthony J.
name: Annaim, Ali
name: Lassiter, Mia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: BackgroundAlthough some research has examined the use of games for the education of pediatric patients, the use of technology for parental education seems like an appropriate application as it has been a part of the popular culture for at least 30years. The main objective of this systematic review is to examine the literature for research evaluating the use of interactive media in the education of parents of children with chronic conditions.MethodsWe searched the MEDLINE, PSYCHINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane database of systematic reviews and EMBASE databases from 1986 to 2014 seeking original investigations on the use of interactive media and video games to educate parents of children with chronic conditions. Cohort studies, randomized control trials, and observational studies were included in our search of the literature.Two investigators reviewed abstracts and full texts as necessary. The quality of the studies was assessed using the GRADE guidelines.Overall trend in the results and the degree of certainty in the results were considered when assessing the body of literature pertaining to our focused questions.ResultsOur initial search identified 4367 papers, but only 12 fulfilled the criterion established for final analysis, with the majority of the studies having flaws that reduced their quality. These papers reported mostly positive results supporting the idea that parent education is possible through interactive media.ConclusionWe found limited evidence of the effectiveness of using serious games and or interactive media to educate parents of children with chronic conditions.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12887-015-0517-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
title: Διακριτός αλγόριθμος Νυχτερίδας για την εξέλιξη στρατηγικών στο επαναληπτικό δίλημμα του φυλακισμένου
Creators: name: Γρηγοριαδης Γεωργιος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2020

description: Το δίλημμα του φυλακισμένου είναι ένα γνωστό μη-συνεργατικό παίγνιο της θεωρίας παιγνίων, το οποίο προσομοιώνει καταστάσεις συνεργασίας στον πραγματικό κόσμο. Πρόκειται για ένα παίγνιο που εξετάζει τις στρατηγικές επιλογές ορθολογικών παικτών που εμπλέκονται σε ανταγωνιστικές καταστάσεις. Οι επιλογές των παικτών είναι η αποστασία και η συνεργασία, και ανάλογα με αυτές το παίγνιο οδηγείται σε τέσσερις διαφορετικές καταστάσεις, ενώ κάθε κατάσταση έχει διαφορετική επίπτωση στους παίκτες. Στόχος είναι οι δυο παίκτες να κερδίσουν σημαντικά οφέλη από την συνεργασία τους η οποία μπορεί να επέλθει μόνο μέσα από την εμπιστοσύνη που θα δείξουν ο ένας στον άλλον, καθώς δεν υπάρχει επικοινωνία μεταξύ τους. Όταν το παίγνιο λαμβάνει χώρα επαναληπτικά, κάθε παίκτης αναπτύσσει μία στρατηγική που θα του αποφέρει το καλύτερο δυνατό αποτέλεσμα. Η στρατηγική που αναπτύσσει και εφαρμόζει ο κάθε παίκτης είναι μια αλληλουχία επιλογών, αποστασίας ή συνεργασίας.
Στόχος της πτυχιακής εργασίας είναι να αναπτυχθούν αποτελεσματικές στρατηγικές που αφορούν το επαναληπτικό δίλημμα του φυλακισμένου χρησιμοποιώντας τον αλγόριθμο της νυχτερίδας (Bat Algorithm). O αλγόριθμος της νυχτερίδας, είναι ένας μεθευρετικός αλγόριθμος ολικής βελτιστοποίησης, ο οποίος αναπτύχθηκε το 2010.Ο αλγόριθμος νυχτερίδας είναι εμπνευσμένος από τη φύση και βασίζεται στη συμπεριφορά ηχοεντοπισμού των νυχτερίδων, με ποικίλους παλμούς εκπομπής και έντασης ήχου. Ο αλγόριθμος αυτός έχει αναπτυχθεί για προβλήματα βελτιστοποίησης συνεχών μεταβλητών, όμως οι στρατηγικές που θα αναπτυχθούν αποτελούνται από δυαδικές μεταβλητές. Συνεπώς, στη πτυχιακή εργασία θα χρησιμοποιηθεί μία υβριδοποιημένη έκδοση του αλγορίθμου, βασισμένη σε διακριτές ευρετικές τεχνικές. Ο Διακριτός Αλγόριθμος Νυχτερίδας θα αναπτυχθεί σε περιβάλλον Matlab. Για την αξιολόγηση των στρατηγικών που θα προκύψουν μέσω του αλγορίθμου, θα χρησιμοποιηθούν γνωστές στρατηγικές που εμφανίζονται στη σχετική βιβλιογραφία.
Contrasting nitrogen fertilization treatments impact xylem gene expression and secondary cell wall lignification in Eucalyptus
Creators: name: Grima-Pettenati, Jacqueline
name: Rodrigues, José C.
name: Pereira, Gonçalo A.G.
name: Mieczkowski, Piotr
name: Martinez, Yves
name: Teixeira, Paulo J.P.L.
name: Salazar, Marcela M.
name: Alves, Ana
name: Carazzolle, Marcelo F.
name: Camargo, Eduardo L.O.
name: Soler, Marçal
name: Nascimento, Leandro C.
name: Deckmann, Ana C.
name: Marques, Wesley L.
name: Lepikson-Neto, Jorge
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: BackgroundNitrogen (N) is a main nutrient required for tree growth and biomass accumulation. In this study, we analyzed the effects of contrasting nitrogen fertilization treatments on the phenotypes of fast growing Eucalyptus hybrids (E. urophylla x E. grandis) with a special focus on xylem secondary cell walls and global gene expression patterns.ResultsHistological observations of the xylem secondary cell walls further confirmed by chemical analyses showed that lignin was reduced by luxuriant fertilization, whereas a consistent lignin deposition was observed in trees grown in N-limiting conditions. Also, the syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratio was significantly lower in luxuriant nitrogen samples. Deep sequencing RNAseq analyses allowed us to identify a high number of differentially expressed genes (1,469) between contrasting N treatments. This number is dramatically higher than those obtained in similar studies performed in poplar but using microarrays. Remarkably, all the genes involved the general phenylpropanoid metabolism and lignin pathway were found to be down-regulated in response to high N availability. These findings further confirmed by RT-qPCR are in agreement with the reduced amount of lignin in xylem secondary cell walls of these plants.ConclusionsThis work enabled us to identify, at the whole genome level, xylem genes differentially regulated by N availability, some of which are involved in the environmental control of xylogenesis. It further illustrates that N fertilization can be used to alter the quantity and quality of lignocellulosic biomass in Eucalyptus, offering exciting prospects for the pulp and paper industry and for the use of short coppices plantations to produce second generation biofuels.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-014-0256-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Portfolio optimization for heavy-tailed assets: Extreme Risk Index vs. Markowitz
Creators: name: Mainik, Georg
name: Mitov, Georgi
name: Rüschendorf, Ludger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Using daily returns of the S&P 500 stocks from 2001 to 2011, we perform a backtesting study of the portfolio optimization strategy based on the extreme risk index (ERI). This method uses multivariate extreme value theory to minimize the probability of large portfolio losses. With more than 400 stocks to choose from, our study seems to be the first application of extreme value techniques in portfolio management on a large scale. The primary aim of our investigation is the potential of ERI in practice. The performance of this strategy is benchmarked against the minimum variance portfolio and the equally weighted portfolio. These fundamental strategies are important benchmarks for large-scale applications. Our comparison includes annualized portfolio returns, maximal drawdowns, transaction costs, portfolio concentration, and asset diversity in the portfolio. In addition to that we study the impact of an alternative tail index estimator. Our results show that the ERI strategy significantly outperforms both the minimum-variance portfolio and the equally weighted portfolio on assets with heavy tails.
description: Manuscript accepted in the Journal of Empirical Finance
Flavonoid supplementation affects the expression of genes involved in cell wall formation and lignification metabolism and increases sugar content and saccharification in the fast-growing eucalyptus hybrid E. urophylla x E. grandis
Creators: name: Lepikson-Neto, Jorge
name: Camargo, Eduardo L.O.
name: Mieczkowski, Piotr
name: Teixeira, Paulo J.
name: Deckmann, Ana C.
name: Nascimento, Leandro C.
name: Pereira, Gonçalo A.G.
name: Marques, Wesley L.
name: Cairo, João P.F.
name: Salazar, Marcela M.
name: Squina, Fabio M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: BackgroundEucalyptus species are the most widely planted hardwood species in the world and are renowned for their rapid growth and adaptability. In Brazil, one of the most widely grown Eucalyptus cultivars is the fast-growing Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis hybrid. In a previous study, we described a chemical characterization of these hybrids when subjected to flavonoid supplementation on 2 distinct timetables, and our results revealed marked differences between the wood composition of the treated and untreated trees.ResultsIn this work, we report the transcriptional responses occurring in these trees that may be related to the observed chemical differences. Gene expression was analysed through mRNA-sequencing, and notably, compared to control trees, the treated trees display differential down-regulation of cell wall formation pathways such as phenylpropanoid metabolism as well as differential expression of genes involved in sucrose, starch and minor CHO metabolism and genes that play a role in several stress and environmental responses. We also performed enzymatic hydrolysis of wood samples from the different treatments, and the results indicated higher sugar contents and glucose yields in the flavonoid-treated plants.ConclusionsOur results further illustrate the potential use of flavonoids as a nutritional complement for modifying Eucalyptus wood, since, supplementation with flavonoids alters its chemical composition, gene expression and increases saccharification probably as part of a stress response.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-014-0301-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Growth attenuation under saline stress is mediated by the heterotrimeric G protein complex
Creators: name: Huang, Jian P.
name: Colaneri, Alejandro C.
name: Jones, Alan M.
name: Tunc-Ozdemir, Meral
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: BackgroundPlant growth is plastic, able to rapidly adjust to fluctuation in environmental conditions such as drought and salinity. Due to long-term irrigation use in agricultural systems, soil salinity is increasing; consequently crop yield is adversely affected. It is known that salt tolerance is a quantitative trait supported by genes affecting ion homeostasis, ion transport, ion compartmentalization and ion selectivity. Less is known about pathways connecting NaCl and cell proliferation and cell death. Plant growth and cell proliferation is, in part, controlled by the concerted activity of the heterotrimeric G-protein complex with glucose. Prompted by the abundance of stress-related, functional annotations of genes encoding proteins that interact with core components of the Arabidopsis heterotrimeric G protein complex (AtRGS1, AtGPA1, AGB1, and AGG), we tested the hypothesis that G proteins modulate plant growth under salt stress.ResultsNa+ activates G signaling as quantitated by internalization of Arabidopsis Regulator of G Signaling protein 1 (AtRGS1). Despite being components of a singular signaling complex loss of the Gβ subunit (agb1-2 mutant) conferred accelerated senescence and aborted development in the presence of Na+, whereas loss of AtRGS1 (rgs1-2 mutant) conferred Na+ tolerance evident as less attenuated shoot growth and senescence. Site-directed changes in the Gα and Gβγ protein-protein interface were made to disrupt the interaction between the Gα and Gβγ subunits in order to elevate free activated Gα subunit and free Gβγ dimer at the plasma membrane. These mutations conferred sodium tolerance. Glucose in the growth media improved the survival under salt stress in Col but not in agb1-2 or rgs1-2 mutants.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate a direct role for G-protein signaling in the plant growth response to salt stress. The contrasting phenotypes of agb1-2 and rgs1-2 mutants suggest that G-proteins balance growth and death under salt stress. The phenotypes of the loss-of-function mutations prompted the model that during salt stress, G activation promotes growth and attenuates senescence probably by releasing ER stress.
Survival rate of initial azimuthal anisotropy in a multi-phase transport model
Creators: name: Zhang, Liang
name: Liu, Feng
name: Wang, Fuqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the survival rate of an initial momentum anisotropy (${v}_2^{ini}$), not spatial anisotropy, to the final state in a multi-phase transport (AMPT) model in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=200~GeV. It is found that both the final-state parton and charged hadron $v_2$ show a linear dependence versus $v_2^{ini}\{\rm PP\}$ with respect to the participant plane (PP). It is found that the slope of this linear dependence (referred to as the survive rate) increases with transverse momentum ($p_T$), reaching~$\sim$100\% at $p_T$$\sim$2.5 GeV/c for both parton and charged hadron. The survival rate decreases with collision centrality and energy, indicating decreasing survival rate with increasing interactions. It is further found that a $v_2^{ini}\{\rm Rnd\}$ with respect to a random direction does not survive in $v_2\{\rm PP\}$ but in the two-particle cumulant $v_2\{2\}$. The dependence of $v_2\{2\}$ on $v_2^{ini}\{\rm Rnd\}$ is quadratic rather than linear.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures. Added study of initial-state momentum $v_2$ with respect to random plane using $v_2\{2\}$ method
Clean delivery practices in rural northern Ghana: a qualitative study of community and provider knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs
Creators: name: Rominski, Sarah
name: Hodgson, Abraham
name: Logonia, Gideon
name: Williams, John
name: Moyer, Cheryl A.
name: Aborigo, Raymond A.
name: Adongo, Philip B.
name: Engmann, Cyril
name: Affah, Gideon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: BackgroundKnowledge, attitudes and practices of community members and healthcare providers in rural northern Ghana regarding clean delivery are not well understood. This study explores hand washing/use of gloves during delivery, delivering on a clean surface, sterile cord cutting, appropriate cord tying, proper cord care following delivery, and infant bathing and cleanliness.MethodsIn-depth interviews and focus group discussions were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed using NVivo 9.0.Results253 respondents participated, including women with newborn infants, grandmothers, household and compound heads, community leaders, traditional birth attendants, and formally trained health care providers. There is widespread understanding of the need for clean delivery to reduce the risk of infection to both mothers and their babies during and shortly after delivery. Despite this understanding, the use of gloves during delivery and hand washing during and after delivery were mentioned infrequently. The need for a clean delivery surface was raised repeatedly, including explicit discussion of avoiding delivering in the dirt. Many activities to do with cord care involved non-sterile materials and practices: 1) Cord cutting was done with a variety of tools, and the most commonly used were razor blades or scissors; 2) Cord tying utilized a variety of materials, including string, rope, thread, twigs, and clamps; and 3) Cord care often involved applying traditional salves to the cord - including shea butter, ground shea nuts, local herbs, local oil, or “red earth sand.” Keeping babies and their surroundings clean was mentioned repeatedly as an important way to keep babies from falling ill.ConclusionsThis study suggests a widespread understanding in rural northern Ghana of the need for clean delivery. Nonetheless, many recommended clean delivery practices are ignored. Overarching themes emerging from this study included the increasing use of facility-based delivery, the disconnect between healthcare providers and the community, and the critical role grandmothers play in ensuring clean delivery practices. Future interventions to address clean delivery and prevention of neonatal infections include educating healthcare providers about harmful traditional practices so they are specifically addressed, strengthening facilities, and incorporating influential community members such as grandmothers to ensure success.
Single Vortex Pinning and Penetration Depth in Superconducting NdFeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_x$
Creators: name: Zhang, Jessie T.
name: Kim, Jeehoon
name: Huefner, Magdalena
name: Ye, Cun
name: Kim, Stella
name: Canfield, Paul C.
name: Prozorov, Ruslan
name: Auslaender, Ophir M.
name: Hoffman, Jennifer E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a magnetic force microscope (MFM) to investigate single vortex pinning and penetration depth in NdFeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_x$, one of the highest-$T_c$ iron-based superconductors. In fields up to 20 Gauss, we observe a disordered vortex arrangement, implying that the pinning forces are stronger than the vortex-vortex interactions. We measure the typical force to depin a single vortex, $F_{\mathrm{depin}} \simeq 4.5$ pN, corresponding to a critical current up to $J_c \simeq 7 \times 10^5$ A/cm$^2$. Furthermore, our MFM measurements allow the first local and absolute determination of the superconducting in-plane penetration depth in NdFeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_x$, $λ_{ab}=320 \pm 60$ nm, which is larger than previous bulk measurements.
title: ЭТАЛОН ОКАЗАНИЯ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ МЕЖДИСЦИПЛИНАРНОЙ ПАРОДОНТОЛО- ГИЧЕСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ ПАЦИЕНТАМ С ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯМИ ПАРОДОНТА
Creators: name: Медведицков, Денис Александрович
name: Исамулаева, Альфия Зинулгабделовна
Publisher: name: Астраханский государственный медицинский университет
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: . В статье представлены научные рекомендации, составленные на основании прак- тического опыта и интеллектуальных ценностей врачей и научных статей. Рассмотрены основные цели и задачи лечебно-профилактических мероприятий и поддерживающей терапии заболеваний пародонта, а также вектор направленности здравоохранения в планировании качественных предупредительных и профилактических направлений персонифицированной медицины с привлечением смеж- ных специалистов.