Oreiallagma quadricolor Ris 1918, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Ellenrieder, Natalia Von
name: Garrison, Rosser W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Coenagrionidae
Oreiallagma
Oreiallagma quadricolor

description: Oreiallagma quadricolor (Ris 1918) comb. nov.
Figures 28; 50; 88; 93; 101; 104; 110
Telagrion quadricolor Ris 1918: 136 -137, fig. 77 (diagnosis from T. oreas, description of male, illustration of S10). Schmidt 1942: 240 (mention from Peru).
Kimmins 1945: 189 (comparison with T. prothoracicum). Rácenis 1959b: 472 (mention from Peru).
St. Quentin 1960: 48 (key for males).
Santos 1965: 9 (possible placement in Leptagrion). Davies & Tobin 1984: 94 (synonymic list).
Garrison 1991: 14 (synonymic list).
Bridges 1994: VII.196 (synonymic list).
Steinmann 1997: 358 (synonymic list).
Tsuda 2000: 50 (synonymic list).
Lencioni 2004: 92 (mention).
Types: ɗ holotype in FNS (examined) with following data: "S[an]ta. Ana b[ei] Cuzco/ [Cusco Dept.] PERU — 2300 m./p. [A.H.] Fassl 1911"; (Senckenberg Register No. 10763).
Other specimens examined: PERU. Cusco Dept.: Quebrada Morro Leguía, km 135, road between Paucartambo and Atalaya, 2250 m, collected from water held in bromeliad bracteae, 21.vi.1993, J.A. Louton & R.W. Garrison leg., 1 ɗ adult and its larval exuviae (emerged 23.vii.1993, ex bromeliad B-7), 1 Ψ partially out of exuviae, died while emerging (RWG).
Characterization. Medial lobe of male posterior lobe of prothorax slightly constricted at base, subquadrate, with shallow medial concavity on posterior margin (Fig. 28 a; as in O. acutum and O. oreas); of female not constricted at base, smoothly rounded lacking medial concavity on posterior margin (Fig. 28 c). Distal segment of genital ligula (Fig. 50) approximately as wide at apex as at base, with a pair of latero-apical lobes recurved and directed basally, a pair of small accessory latero-medial lobes, and two ental membranous transverse folds (as in O. acutum and O. thelkterion). Dorsal process of male cercus much shorter than ventral process represented by a pointed tooth (Figs. 88; 93; unique). Male dorsum of S1 anteriorly dull reddish, posteriorly blackish; of S2 dull reddish, darker anteriorly; of S3–5 orange-red, gradually turning yellow toward lateral margins, terminal dorsal blackish spot of about 1/6 of segment length; of S6 orange-red with black posterior spot to entirely black; of S7 black, laterally pale orange; of S8 entirely blue or with two longitudinal wide black stripes along two thirds of its length, sides on anterior 2/3 dull orange, of posterior 1/3 blue; of S9 blue; of S10 black.
Diagnosis. This species is unique by cercus morphology (Figs. 88; 93), which is similar to O. oreas (Figs. 89; 94) and is diagnosed under that species.
Description of last stadium larva. Head (Fig. 101 a). Pale brown with pale ocellar rounded spots on dorsum; trapezoidal, ca. 1.8 times as wide as long, with posterior margin concave. Antenna 7-segmented with third antennomere the longest (Fig. 101 b). Prementum (Fig. 101 e) 0.72–0.83 times as wide as long, with 2 setae on each side and with 3–4 short latero-apical setae; ligula bluntly triangular and finely crenulated along entire margin. Labial palp (Fig. 101 f) with 5–6 setae along inner margin and with 6 small distal teeth (2–3 larger medial and 3–4 smaller outer ones) in addition to inner tooth. Articulation of pre- and postmentum midway between bases of coxae 1 and 2. Mandibles (Figs. 101 c–d) with following formula: L 1'1234 a b, R 1234 y a b.
Thorax. Wing pads reaching mid-length of abdominal S4 (male) to posterior margin of S5 (female). Legs pale brown except distal end of tibiae and distal tarsi darker brown.
Abdomen. Pale brown with a narrow medio-longitudinal pale line along S2–9. Male cerci bilobate (Figs. 101 h, k); female cerci conical with an apical blunt point (Figs. 101 i–j). Male and female gonapophyses acutely pointed (Figs. 101 g–i) with a medio-longitudinal row of setae, female gonapophyses extending to posterior margin of S10 (Fig. 101 i). Lateral caudal lamella broadly lanceolate, pale, with faint and scarcely branched tracheae (Fig. 101 g), about as long as 0.30 times abdomen length.
Dimensions (measurements of male followed by those for female in parentheses when available). Total length without appendages: 13.00 mm; prementum length: 2.65 mm (3.25 mm); prementum maximum width: 2.20 mm (2.35 mm); femur I: 2.00 mm (2.10 mm); femur II: 2.90 mm (3.00 mm); femur III: 3.60 mm (3.80 mm); tibia I: 2.50 mm (2.60 mm); tibia II: 2.90 mm (3.00 mm); tibia III: 3.50 mm (3.70 mm); inner wing pads: 4.30 mm (5.30 mm); external wing pads: 4.70 mm (5.10 mm); abdomen length without appendages: 8.50 mm; lateral caudal lamellae: 2.50 mm.
Diagnosis. The last larval stadium of Oreiallagma quadricolor is similar to known species of Mesamphiagrion and Cyanallagma. The ultimate stadium larvae of M. gaianii (De Marmels 1997), M. laterale and M. tamaense (De Marmels 2007), C. bonariense and C. interruptum (Bulla 1973) have been described to date. Oreiallagma quadricolor differs from all of them by (alternative states in parentheses): head more elongated transversely, ca. 1.80 times as wide as long (versus ca. 1.50–1.60), with occipital lobes less prominent (more prominent); two premental setae on each side (three to five); and dorso-posterior margin of S10 smoothly rounded (with a marked 'u' cleft). The left mandible lacks a 'y' tooth (with an accessory 'y' tooth tooth at the base of outer most incisor in M. laterale, only species for which mandibles have been described), and front femur is longer than distance between compound eyes (shorter in M. gaianii, only species for which head and legs were illustrated).
Remarks. Caution should be exercised in applying differences we note here based on only two specimens. Whether differences we ascribe here between the larva of Oreiallagma quadricolor, Cyanallagma, and Mesamphiagrion are of generic value will be determined only when more larvae become known. As stated above, we suspect all species of Oreiallagma breed in phytotelmata and their relatively long abdomen is an adaptation for oviposition in deep containers (as for species of Pseudostigmatidae, Bromeliagrion De Marmels 2005, Diceratobasis Kennedy 1920, and Leptagrion).
Biology. Larvae found in water-filled bromeliad reservoirs (Figs. 110 -111).
Distribution. Peru (Cusco Dept.), from 2250 to 2300 m above sea level (Fig. 104).
description: Published as part of Ellenrieder, Natalia Von & Garrison, Rosser W., 2008, Oreiallagma gen. nov. with a redefinition of Cyanallagma Kennedy 1920 and Mesamphiagrion Kennedy 1920, and the description of M. dunklei sp. nov. and M. ecuatoriale sp. nov. from Ecuador (Odonata: Coenagrionidae), pp. 1-51 in Zootaxa 1805 on pages 47-48, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182666