cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
British Gallup Poll CQ 985
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Approval of government's record (1); satisfaction with Mrs. Margaret Thatcher as Prime Minister (1); Mr. Neil; Kinnock as leader of the Labor Party (1); Mr. David Steel as leader of the Liberal party (1); Dr. David Owen as leader of the Social Democratic Party (1); voting in General Election (4); affiliation with political party (1); opinion of political parties (3); party most likely to vote for (1); political ideology (7); is the Conservative party united or divided (1); Conservative party's concern for the interests of the people (1); Conservative party's approach to important issues facing the country (1); opinion of Mrs. Thatcher (1); how should government deal with political opponents (1); how should government act in difficult economic terms (1); government's involvement in the economy (1); can government create economic prosperity (1); should Britain stick to its own position or to meet other countries halfway in world affairs (1); approval of government's handling of problems (14); opinion of the Conservative party (9); should government change its economic policies (1); can government solve current economic situation (2); Mrs. Thatcher's tax policies (1); taxes and National Insurance contributions rate (2); is Britain a violent country (1); violent crime rate in the country (1); personal fear of violent crime (1); how likely people will begin to take the laws into their own hands (2); unemployment (1).
USIA Poll # 1984-I84023: 1984 UN/UNESCO Survey
Creators: name: USIA
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2009

description: United Nations (1); United Nations location (1); United Nations job performance (1); Japanese membership in United Nations (1); effectiveness of United Nations (1); activities of UNESCO (1); country contributing to UNESCO (1); UNICEF part of UNESCO (1); UNESCO aiding information transfer (1); American withdrawal from UNESCO (4).
USIA Poll # 1984-I84035: Monthly Poll--Political Support/Economic Conditions
Creators: name: USIA
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2009

description: Party preference (3); support for cabinet (3); better livelihood (1); commodity prices (1); local change (1); improved livelihood (1); Japan aligning Western, Communist, or Neutral (1); countries liked (3); countries disliked (3).
title: The Increasing Role of Human Rights in Investment Arbitration
Creators: name: Stanisavljevic, Marina
Year: 2017

description: Diese Arbeit analysiert die zunehmende Rolle der Menschenrechte bei Investitionsschiedsverfahren und ihre möglichen Auswirkungen auf Investoren und das Investitionsrecht. Die ersten beiden Kapitel untersuchen, wie historische und strukturelle Aspekte von Investitionsrecht und Investitionsabkommen sowie die Rechenschaftslücke von Unternehmen zu einem Anstieg von Menschenrechtsargumenten in Aufnahmestaaten beigetragen haben. Die Arbeit bezieht sich auf vergangenes Fallrecht, um die unterschiedlichen Wege zu verdeutlichen, auf welchen Aufnahmestaaten versucht haben, sich in Schiedsverfahren auf Menschenrechte zu stützen, sowie die Haltungen von Tribunalen, die als Antwort auf derartige Argumente eingenommen wurden. Dabei werden die theoretischen Grundlagen für die Einbeziehung von Menschenrechten in das Investitionsrecht hervorgehoben und das wachsende Potential staatlicher Gegenansprüche und einer amicus curiae-Beteiligung erwogen. Die beiden letzten Kapitel befassen sich mit den Herausforderungen und dem Potential für Investoren und das Investitionsrecht. Das Hauptargument dieser Arbeit lautet letztendlich, dass die Vorteile systemischer Integration, welche die Legitimität des Völkerrechts in der Zivilgesellschaft erhöhen und zu einer stärkeren Einhaltung von Menschenrechten führen kann, der potentiellen Gefährdung der Logik des Investitionsrechts durch die Menschenrechte entgegenwirken.
description: This thesis analyses the increasing role of human rights in investment arbitration and the likely implications it may have on investors and investment law. The first two chapters explore how the historical and structural aspects of investment law and investment treaties, as well as the accountability gap of corporations, has contributed to a rise in human rights arguments by host states. The thesis draws on previous case law to illustrate the various ways in which host states have attempted to rely on human rights arguments in arbitration proceedings, and the approaches taken by tribunals in response to such arguments. In doing so, it highlights the theoretical underpinnings for the inclusion of human rights in investment law, and considers the growing potential for host state counterclaims and amicus curiae participation. The final two chapters address the challenges and potentials for investors and investment law. The thesis ultimately argues that, whilst human rights may threaten the logic of investment law, this is counteracted by the benefits of systemic integration, which can increase the legitimacy of international law in civil society and lead to stronger human rights compliance.
Superconductivity in silicon: a review
Creators: name: Moun, Monika
name: Sheet, Goutam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silicon, one of the most abundant elements found on Earth, has been an excellent choice of the semiconductor industry for ages. Despite it's remarkable applications in modern semiconductor-based electronic devices, the potential of cubic silicon in superconducting electronics remained a challenge because even heavily doped silicon crystals do not superconduct under normal conditions. It is apparent that if superconductivity can be introduced in cubic silicon, that will bring a breakthrough in low-dissipation electronic circuitry. Motivated by this, attempts have been made by several research groups to induce superconductivity in silicon through a number of different routes. Some of the other structural phases of silicon like $β$-Sn and simple hexagonal are, however, known to display superconductivity. In the present review article, various theoretical and experimental aspects of superconductivity in silicon are discussed. Superconductivity in different phases and different structural forms of silicon are also reviewed. We also highlight the potential of superconducting phases of silicon for technological applications in super-conducting nano-electronics.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
GEO Poll: Seventeenth Survey of the Federal District, Mexico
Creators: name: Gabinete De Estudios De Opinion (GEO)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1995

description: Political values(6); media(6); political information(6); national situation(11); political preferences(15); the electoral process(1); Chiapas(14); assassination of Colosio(6); demographics(8).
The Effect of Returning Radiation on Relativistic Reflection
Creators: name: Dauser, Thomas
name: García, Javier A
name: Joyce, Amy
name: Licklederer, Stefan
name: Connors, Riley M T
name: Ingram, Adam
name: Reynolds, Christopher S
name: Wilms, Jörn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of returning radiation on the shape of the X-ray reflection spectrum in the case of thin accretion disks. We show that the returning radiation mainly influences the observed reflection spectrum for a large black hole spin (a > 0.9) and a compact primary source of radiation close to the black hole at height h < 5 $r_\mathrm{g}$, and that it dominates the reflected flux for extreme values of spin and compactness. The main effect of the returning radiation is to increase the irradiating flux on to the outer parts of the accretion disk, leading to stronger reflection and a flatter overall emissivity profile. By analyzing simulated observations we show that neglecting returning radiation in existing studies of reflection dominated sources has likely resulted in overestimating the height of the corona above the black hole. An updated version of the publicly available relxill suite of relativistic reflection models which includes returning radiation is also presented.
description: accepted for publication by MNRAS; the new RELXILL model can be downloaded at https://www.sternwarte.uni-erlangen.de/research/relxill/ including a new and detailed documentation (https://www.sternwarte.uni-erlangen.de/research/relxill/relxill_docu.pdf)
Strong pairing in mixed dimensional bilayer antiferromagnetic Mott insulators
Creators: name: Bohrdt, Annabelle
name: Homeier, Lukas
name: Bloch, Immanuel
name: Demler, Eugene
name: Grusdt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interacting many-body systems combining confined and extended dimensions, such as ladders and few layer systems are characterized by enhanced quantum fluctuations, which often result in interesting collective properties. Recently two-dimensional bilayer systems, such as twisted bilayer graphene or ultracold atoms, have sparked a lot of interest because they can host rich phase diagrams, including unconventional superconductivity. Here we present a theoretical proposal for realizing high temperature pairing of fermions in a class of bilayer Hubbard models. We introduce a general, highly efficient pairing mechanism for mobile dopants in antiferromagnetic Mott insulators, which leads to binding energies proportional to $t^{1/3}$, where $t$ is the hopping amplitude of the charge carriers. The pairing is caused by the energy that one charge gains when retracing a string of frustrated bonds created by another charge. Concretely, we show that this mechanism leads to the formation of highly mobile, but tightly bound pairs in the case of mixed-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard bilayer systems. This setting is closely related to the Fermi-Hubbard model believed to capture the physics of copper oxides, and can be realized by currently available ultracold atom experiments.
description: 6+2+12 pages, 3+0+5 figures
The Dichroicon: a Spectral Photon Sorter
Creators: name: Naugle, Samuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The possibility for a new type of neutrino detector, a “hybrid Cherenkov-scintillation detector,” which observes and discriminates Cherenkov light from scintillation light, has become a reality with a myriad of new technological approaches. One of these approaches, the “dichroicon’”, is a Winston-style light concentrator made from dichroic mirrors which sort photons by wavelength, separating the long-wavelength photons from broadband Cherenkov light from the short-wavelength, narrow-band scintillation light. Dichroicons are also useful in large detectors where dispersion of the light smears out the timing, and allows for excellent particle ID by distinguishing events that create Cherenkov light from those that do not. This poster will describe the dichroicon and characterize its performance with data taken with the CHESS detector, a benchtop scale particle detector located at Berkeley Lab. We will also show simulation results illustrating the impact of dichroicons on event reconstruction in the multi-tonne scale Eos demonstrator, as well as the envisioned 50 kilatonne-scale Theia detector.
BlindFL: Vertical Federated Machine Learning without Peeking into Your Data
Creators: name: Fu, Fangcheng
name: Xue, Huanran
name: Cheng, Yong
name: Tao, Yangyu
name: Cui, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to the rising concerns on privacy protection, how to build machine learning (ML) models over different data sources with security guarantees is gaining more popularity. Vertical federated learning (VFL) describes such a case where ML models are built upon the private data of different participated parties that own disjoint features for the same set of instances, which fits many real-world collaborative tasks. Nevertheless, we find that existing solutions for VFL either support limited kinds of input features or suffer from potential data leakage during the federated execution. To this end, this paper aims to investigate both the functionality and security of ML modes in the VFL scenario. To be specific, we introduce BlindFL, a novel framework for VFL training and inference. First, to address the functionality of VFL models, we propose the federated source layers to unite the data from different parties. Various kinds of features can be supported efficiently by the federated source layers, including dense, sparse, numerical, and categorical features. Second, we carefully analyze the security during the federated execution and formalize the privacy requirements. Based on the analysis, we devise secure and accurate algorithm protocols, and further prove the security guarantees under the ideal-real simulation paradigm. Extensive experiments show that BlindFL supports diverse datasets and models efficiently whilst achieves robust privacy guarantees.
description: SIGMOD 2022
Cosmological aspects of $f(R,T)$ gravity in a simple model with a parametrization of $q$
Creators: name: Nagpal, Ritika
name: Pacif, Shibesh Kumar Jas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C15, 83C56, 83F05

description: In this paper, we have considered a quadratic variation of the deceleration parameter ($q$) as a function of cosmic time ($t$) which describes a smooth transition from the decelerating phase of the Universe to an accelerating one and also show some distinctive feature from the standard model. The logical move of this article is against the behavior of the future Universe, \textit{i.e.} whether the Universe expands forever or ends with a Big Rip, and we observe that the outcome of the considered parametrization comes in favor of Big Rip future of the Universe. The whole set up of the parametrization and solution is taken in $f(R,T)$ theory of gravity for a spatially flat Friedmann-Lema\^ıtre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) geometry. Furthermore, we have considered the functional form of $f(R,T)$ function as $% f(R)+f(T)$, where a quadratic correction of the geometric term $R$ is adopted as the function $f(R)$, and a linear matter term $f(T)$. We have investigated some features of the model by examining the behavior of physical parameters. Our primary goal here is to discuss the physical dynamics of the model in $f(R,T)$ gravity. We have found, the EoS parameter also has the same singularity as that of the Hubble parameter \textit{i.e.} at the initial phase and at the Big Rip. The EoS parameter is explored in some detail for our choice of $f(R,T)$ function considered here. Different cases for $f(R,T)$ functional form for different values of the coupling parameters are discussed, and the evolution of the physical parameters is shown graphically.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures with sub-figures
Gallup Poll # 1957-0579: Politics/Television and Consumerism
Creators: name: Gallup
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2004

description: Eisenhower job performance (1); who will win presidency in 1960 (3); Eisenhower's urging of Israel to withdraw from the Gaza Strip and Aqaba (2); sanctions should/should not be applied against Israel (1); new national budget (2); think there will be tax increase/decrease this year (1); government spending on defense (1); government spending would be higher/lower/same if Adlai Stevenson had been elected (1); taxes would be higher/lower/same if Adlai Stevenson had been elected (1); which nation is farthest ahead in various areas of development (3); tranquilizers (3); which party would like to see win Congressional elections (2); liberal Republicans and conservative Republicans (1); all physically fit men should/should not serve in some kind of civil defense work (1); identify products sold by companies (5); TV programs seen in past month (5); products and companies advertised on TV programs (4); companies/brand names come to mind when think of certain products (5); typewriters (3); how much does family spend on food and milk each week (1); ever voted in any election (1); 1956 presidential election (2).
Cyclocopula Technique to Study the Relationship Between Two Cyclostationary Time Series with Fractional Brownian Motion Errors
Creators: name: Mahmoudi, Mohammadreza
name: Mosavi, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68U35

description: Detection of the relationship between two time series is so important in environmental and hydrological studies. Several parametric and non-parametric approaches can be applied to detect relationships. These techniques are usually sensitive to stationarity assumptions. In this research, a new copula-based method is introduced to detect the relationship between two cylostationary time series with fractional Brownian motion (fBm) errors. The numerical studies verify the performance of the introduced approach.
description: 16 pages, t tables
Gallup Poll # 798
Creators: name: Gallup
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2006

description: Richard Nixon job performance (1); desired place of residence (1); Vietnam (1); Richard Nixon vs. Edward Kennedy vs. George Wallace (2); Richard Nixon vs. Edmund Muskie vs. George Wallace (2); Richard Nixon vs. Hubert Humphrey vs. George Wallace (2); Richard Nixon vs. Eugene McCarthy vs. George Wallace (2).
Quantum critical behavior in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Jaoui, Alexandre
name: Das, Ipsita
name: Di Battista, Giorgio
name: Díez-Mérida, Jaime
name: Lu, Xiaobo
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Ishizuka, Hiroaki
name: Levitov, Leonid
name: Efetov, Dmitri K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flat bands of magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) host strongly-correlated electronic phases such as correlated insulators, superconductors and a strange-metal state. The latter state, believed to be key for understanding the electronic properties of MATBG, is obscured by various phase transitions and thus could not be unequivocally differentiated from a metal undergoing frequent electron-phonon collisions. Here, we report transport measurements in superconducting MATBG in which the correlated insulator states are suppressed by screening. The uninterrupted metallic ground state shows resistivity that is linear in temperature over three decades and spans a broad range of doping including those where a correlation-driven Fermi surface reconstruction occurs. This strange-metal behavior is distinguished by Planckian scattering rates and a linear magnetoresistivity. In contrast, near charge neutrality or a fully-filled flat band, as well as for devices twisted away from the magic angle, we observe the archetypal Fermi liquid behavior. Our measurements demonstrate the existence of a quantum critical phase whose fluctuations dominate the metallic ground state throughout a continuum of doping. Further, we observe a transition to the strange metal upon suppression of the superconducting order, suggesting a relationship between quantum fluctuations and superconductivity in MATBG.
Gallup Poll # 978
Creators: name: Gallup
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2006

description: Jimmy Carter job performance (1); withdrawing troops from South Korea (2); drive automobile (1); drunk driving (5); homosexual rights (9); percentage of homosexuals (2); prevalence of homosexuality (1); homosexuality on religion (1); church involvement (2); rating religions (15); sexual preference if born again (1).
Obesidade Pediátrica: A Doença que Ainda Não Teve Direito a Ser Reconhecida. A Propósito do V Simpósio Português sobre Obesidade Pediátrica.
Creators: name: Rego, Carla
name: Silva, Diana
name: Guerra, António
name: Fontoura, Manuel
name: Mota, Jorge
name: Maia, José
name: Fonseca, Helena
name: Gaspar De Matos, Margarida
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics
Year: 2014

description: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 36 n.º 6 (2005)
title: Geflüchtete Seiteneinsteiger/innen in der Neuen Mittelschule in Wien - eine Herausforderung?
Creators: name: Schick, Katharina
Year: 2017

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Thema der geflüchteten Sei-teneinsteiger/innen in einer Neuen Mittelschule in Wien. Im Rahmen der Arbeit wurden sechs qualitativ teilstrukturierte Interviews mit vier Schülerinnen und zwei Lehrenden geführt. Dabei wurden zwei außerordentliche Schülerinnen aus der Sprachstartgruppe und zwei weitere aus dem Regelunterricht gewählt, die ihren au-ßerordentlichen Status mit Ende September 2017 verlieren. Bei den Lehrpersonen wurden zu Vergleichszwecken ebenfalls eine aus der Sprachstartgruppe und eine aus dem Regelunterricht herangezogen. Im Rahmen dieser Interviews wurden sprachliche, schulische und zwischenmensch-liche Herausforderungen in der Arbeit mit und für geflüchtete(n) Seiteneinstei-ger/innen herausgearbeitet und anschließend anhand einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse analysiert und ausgewertet. Das Ergebnis dieser Analyse sind mehrere Verbesse-rungsvorschläge, wie mit der aktuellen Situation an der Schule besser verfahren wer-den kann.
Infecção Neonatal - Importância do Conhecimento da Epidemiologia Local
Creators: name: Graça, André
name: Moniz, Carlos
name: Lito, Luís
name: Salgado, Maria José
name: Guerreiro, Maria Ofélia
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics
Year: 2014

description: Introdução: Independentemente da idade gestacional, a infecção é uma importante causa de morbilidade e mortalidade no recém-nascido. O êxito da antibíolicoterapla empírica no recém-nascido depende não só da natureza da infecção, mas também do conhecimento actualizado da epidemiologia da respectiva unidade.
Objectivo: Conhecer a prevalência dos agentes responsáveis pela infecção dos recém-nascidos (R>J) internados na Unidade de Cuidados Especiais ao Rccém-Nascido (UCERN) do Hospital de Santa Maria (HSM) ao longo de um período de 5 anos (1998-2002).

Material e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de todos os agentes infecciosos isolados em crianças internadas na UCERN, durante o período do estudo, a partir da análise da base de dados informática do Laboratório de Microbiologia do HSM.

Resultados: Foram realizados 3168 exames culturais de produtos colhidos em crianças internadas na UCERN. A taxa de positividade do tocai dos exames foi de 11?1% (8% quando consideradas exclusivamente as hemoculturas). Os agentes mais frequentemente isolados foram o Staphylococcus epidermidis, o Staphylococcus aureus, a Klebsiella pneumoniae, a Escherichia coli e a Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Quando consideradas apenas as hemoculturas positivas, os agentes mais frequentemente isolados foram o Staphylococcus coagulase-negativo, a Escherichia coU e outras enterobacteriáceas. Na sepsis precoce predominaram a Escherichia coli e o Streptococcus do grupo B e na sepsis tardia e pós-neonatal foram mais frequentes os Staphylococcus coagulase-negativo e a Klebsiella. Nos catéteres centrais predominou o isolamento de Staphylococcus coagulase-negativo e nas Infecções superficiais o Staphylococcus aureus. Os estudos de sensibilidade aos antibióticos revelaram que a política de antibioticoterapia empírica seguida na Unidade é adequada.

Conclusões: Os resultados obtidos a partir deste estudo permitiram ter não só o conhecimento da realidade epidemiológica na Unidade, mas também a confirmação de que a política de antibioticoterapia empírica seguida é adequada. A existência de dados na literatura chamando à atenção para o aumento das resistências dos agentes envolvidos na infecção neonatal aos antibióticos habitualmente utilizados, toma imprescindível a realização de revisões epidemiológicas periódicas em todas as unidades de Neonatologia.

Palavras-Chave: Recém-nascido; Infecção; Epidemiologia; Sensibilidade aos antibióticos.
description: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 36 n.º 6 (2005)
Medicamentos Prescritos num Serviço de Urgência Pediátrica
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Fernanda
name: Calviño, Juan
name: Januário, Luis
name: Lemos, Luis
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics
Year: 2014

description: Resumo

Introdução: Não existem estudos publicados sobre a prescrição de medicamentos e nomeadamente antibióticos nos Serviços de Urgência de Pediatria, em Portugal.

Objectivos: Analisar os fármacos mais prescritos no nosso Serviço de Urgência (SU), relacionando-os com as situações clínicas em que foram utilizados e dando particular atenção aos antibióticos.

Material e Métodos: Durante oito dias consecutivos, em Outubro de 2004, foram registadas prospectivamente as prescrições medicamentosas, bem como o número total de crianças inscritas e o seu destino após observação médica. Para cada caso registou-se também o diagnóstico e o eventual regresso ao mesmo SU nos oito dias seguintes,

Resultados: No período em estudo foram inscritas 980 crianças (média 122/dia). O número total de fármacos prescritos foi de 554, conrespondentes a 382 (39%) episódios de urgência. Os medicamentos mais utilizados foram os antipiréticos/analgésicos (148 casos, 15%). Os antibióticos por via oral foram prescritos a 89 crianças (9%) e a amoxicilina foi o mais utilizado (43 casos, 48%). Não foi detectada nenhuma repercussão assistencial negativa, como consequência destas orientações, no período do estudo ou nos oito dias seguintes.

Discussão e conclusões: Embora sem termos de comparação a nível nacional, a prescrição de medicamentos a 39% das crianças inscritas no SU e a utilização de antibióticos em 9% dos casos, parece razoável, sobretudo pela análise detalhada das indicações.Com um pequeno grupo de fármacos, criteriosamente seleccionados, pode praticar-se uma medicina de qualidade.

Palavras-Chave: medicamentos, prescrição, urgência pediátrica
description: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 36 n.º 6 (2005)
Chemical Cartography with APOGEE: Mapping Disk Populations with a Two-Process Model and Residual Abundances
Creators: name: Weinberg, David H.
name: Holtzman, Jon A.
name: Johnson, Jennifer A.
name: Hayes, Christian
name: Hasselquist, Sten
name: Shetrone, Matthew
name: Ting, Yuan-Sen
name: Beaton, Rachael L.
name: Beers, Timothy C.
name: Bird, Jonathan C.
name: Bizyaev, Dmitry
name: Blanton, Michael R.
name: Cunha, Katia
name: Fernandez-Trincado, Jose G.
name: Frinchaboy, Peter M.
name: Garcia-Hernandez, D. A.
name: Griffith, Emily
name: Johnson, James W.
name: Jonsson, Henrik
name: Lane, Richard R.
name: Leung, Henry W.
name: Mackereth, J. Ted
name: Majewski, Steven R.
name: Meszaros, Szabolcz
name: Nitschelm, Christian
name: Pan, Kaike
name: Schiavon, Ricardo P.
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Schultheis, Mathias
name: Smith, Verne
name: Sobeck, Jennifer S.
name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Stringfellow, Guy S.
name: Vincenzo, Fiorenzo
name: Wilson, John C.
name: Zasowski, Gail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a novel statistical analysis to measurements of 16 elemental abundances in 34,410 Milky Way disk stars from the final data release (DR17) of APOGEE-2. Building on recent work, we fit median abundance ratio trends [X/Mg] vs. [Mg/H] with a 2-process model, which decomposes abundance patterns into a "prompt" component tracing core collapse supernovae and a "delayed" component tracing Type Ia supernovae. For each sample star, we fit the amplitudes of these two components, then compute the residuals Δ[X/H] from this two-parameter fit. The rms residuals range from ~0.01-0.03 dex for the most precisely measured APOGEE abundances to ~0.1 dex for Na, V, and Ce. The correlations of residuals reveal a complex underlying structure, including a correlated element group comprised of Ca, Na, Al, K, Cr, and Ce and a separate group comprised of Ni, V, Mn, and Co. Selecting stars poorly fit by the 2-process model reveals a rich variety of physical outliers and sometimes subtle measurement errors. Residual abundances allow comparison of populations controlled for differences in metallicity and [α/Fe]. Relative to the main disk (R=3-13 kpc, |Z|<2 kpc), we find nearly identical abundance patterns in the outer disk (R=15-17 kpc), 0.05-0.2 dex depressions of multiple elements in LMC and Gaia Sausage/Enceladus stars, and wild deviations (0.4-1 dex) of multiple elements in ωCen. Residual abundance analysis opens new opportunities for discovering chemically distinctive stars and stellar populations, for empirically constraining nucleosynthetic yields, and for testing chemical evolution models that include stochasticity in the production and redistribution of elements.
description: Submitted to AAS journals. Long paper, many figures; see end of Section 1 for a reader's guide
A perspective on ab initio modeling of polaritonic chemistry: The role of non-equilibrium effects and quantum collectivity
Creators: name: Sidler, Dominik
name: Ruggenthaler, Michael
name: Schäfer, Christian
name: Ronca, Enrico
name: Rubio, Angel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This perspective provides a brief introduction into the theoretical complexity of polaritonic chemistry, which emerges from the hybrid nature of strongly coupled light-matter states. To tackle this complexity, the importance of ab initio methods is highlighted. Based on those, novel ideas and research avenues are developed with respect to quantum collectivity, as well as for resonance phenomena immanent in reaction rates under vibrational strong coupling. Indeed, fundamental theoretical questions arise about the mesoscopic scale of quantum-collectively coupled molecules, when considering the depolarization shift in the interpretation of experimental data. Furthermore, to rationalise recent findings based on quantum electrodynamical density-functional theory (QEDFT), a simple, but computationally efficient, Langevin framework is proposed, based on well-established methods from molecular dynamics. It suggests the emergence of cavity induced non-equilibrium nuclear dynamics, where thermal (stochastic) resonance phenomena could emerge in the absence of external periodic driving. Overall, we believe the latest ab initio results indeed suggest a paradigmatic shift for ground-state chemical reactions under vibrational strong coupling, from the collective quantum interpretation towards a more local, (semi)-classically and non-equilibrium dominated perspective. Finally, various extensions towards a refined description of cavity-modified chemistry are introduced in the context of QEDFT and future directions of the field are sketched.
Composição do Leite de Mulher, do Leite de Vaca e das Fórmulas de Alimentação Infantil
Creators: name: Ferreira, Isabel M.P.L.V.O.
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics
Year: 2014

description: O leite de mulher tem sido usado como guia na elaboração de fórmulas para alimentação infantil. Neste artigo é feito um resumo sobre a avaliação da composição do leite de mulher e a composição do leite de vaca no que respeita aos constituintes maioritários (proteína, gordura, hidratos de carbono e cinzas) e constituintes minoritários da fracção azotada não proteica (taurina e outros aminoácidos livres, nucleótidos, ácido orótico e ácido úrico e L-carnitina). Assim como, das modificações que a indústria realiza para tomar a composição das fórmulas para lactentes e das formulas de transição mais próxima da composição do leite de mulher.Após análise estatística dos resultados verificou-se que no que respeita ao teor total de constituintes maioritários a indústria consegue aproximar a composição das fórmulas para lactentes da composição do leite de mulher, embora o teor em proteínas e cinzas seja ligeiramente mais elevado. E as fórmulas de transição têm uma composição intermédia entre o leite de vaca e o leite de mulher, mas mais próxima do leite de mulher.No que respeita aos constituintes minoritários da fracção azotada não proteica, as modificações introduzidas pela indústria ainda não permitiram que a composição das fórmulas de alimentação infantil fosse semelhante à composição do leite de mulher, somente para o teor de taurina e ácido úrico se verificaram semelhanças.Algumas fórmulas eram também suplementadas em nucleótidos.

Palavras-Chave: leite, fórmulas de alimentação infantil, fracção azotada não proteica,
description: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 36 n.º 6 (2005)
Gallup/CNN/USA Today Poll: January, 1994, Wave I
Creators: name: CNN
name: USA Today
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1994

description: Clinton job performance(5); world political leaders(7); Clinton leadership(7); Whitewater(4); military spending(1); Clinton extra-marital affairs(4); NATO(3); U.S.-Russia relationship(9); Holocaust(3); college football(2); domestic violence(2); gender relations(7).
title: Überlegungen zum Phänomen der Kinderbestattungen anhand von ausgewählten Beispielen aus den römischen Provinzen Noricum und Pannonien
Creators: name: Gorbach, Johanna
Year: 2017

description: In der Arbeit "Überlegungen zum Phänomen der Kinderbestattungen anhand von ausgewählten Beispielen aus den römischen Provinzen Noricum und Pannonien" sollte ein Versuch unternommen werden, das Phänomen der Kinderbestattungen in den besagten Provinzen zu erfassen. Als Grundlage dafür wurde eine Datenbank erstellt, welche die hier fassbaren Kinderbestattungen aufzeigt. Durch die wissenschaftliche Analyse war es möglich, einer Entschlüsselung des Phänomens der römischen Kinderbestattungen näher zu kommen.
Evolution mapping: a new approach to describe matter clustering in the non-linear regime
Creators: name: Sanchez, Ariel G.
name: Ruiz, Andrés N.
name: Jara, Jenny Gonzalez
name: Padilla, Nelson D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new approach to describe statistics of the non-linear matter density field that exploits a degeneracy in the impact of different cosmological parameters on the linear dimensionless matter power spectrum, $Δ^2_{\rm L}(k)$. We classify all cosmological parameters into two groups, shape parameters, which determine the shape of $Δ^2_{\rm L}(k)$, and evolution parameters, which only affect its amplitude at any given redshift. With this definition, the time evolution of $Δ^2_{\rm L}(k)$ in models with identical shape parameters but different evolution parameters can be mapped from one to the other by relabelling the redshifts that correspond to the same clustering amplitude, which we characterize by the linear mass fluctuation in spheres of radius $12\,{\rm Mpc}$, $σ_{12}(z)$. We use N-body simulations to show that the same evolution mapping relation gives a good description of the non-linear power spectrum, the halo mass function, or the full density field. The deviations from the exact degeneracy are the result of the different structure formation histories experienced by each model to reach the same clustering amplitude and can be accurately described in terms of differences in the suppression factor $g(a) = D(a)/a$. These relations can be used to drastically reduce the number of parameters required to describe the cosmology dependence of the power spectrum. We show how this can help to speed up the inference of parameter constraints from cosmological observations. We also present a new design of an emulator of the non-linear power spectrum whose predictions can be adapted to an arbitrary choice of evolution parameters and redshift.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, replaced to match version accepted by MNRAS
Ablação de Arritmias em Idades Pediátricas
Creators: name: Pires, António
name: Ventura, Miguel
name: Ermida, Paulo
name: Pereira, Filomena
name: Pereira, Maria João
name: Sá E Melo, António
name: Elvas, Luís
name: Providência, Luís
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics
Year: 2014

description: O Sector de Electrofisiologia e Pacing do Serviço de Cardiologia dos Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra iniciou em 1994 a ablação de arritmias por cateter com energia por radiofrequência em doentes pediátricos. Os autores realizaram uma análise retrospectiva da experiência deste sector abordando particularmente a metodologia desta técnica, assim como os resultados obtidos. Durante este período foram submetidas a este procedimento 29 crianças e adolescentes com idades compreendidas entre os 10 e 18 anos de Idade. Neste estudo a alteração da condução de ritmo predominante foi a taquicardia supraventrícular mediada por vias acessórias auriculo-ventriculares. A taxa de sucesso desta terapêutica no grupo analisado aproximou os 90%, não tendo sido verificadas complicações com significado hemodinâmico.

Palavras-Chave: taquicardia supraventricular, ablação, radiofrequência, crianças
description: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 36 n.º 6 (2005)
Gallup/NSF/USA Today Poll: Y2K Millennium Bug
Creators: name: National Science Foundation
name: USA Today
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2009

description: Y2K (8); Preparation for Y2K (7); Likely problems due to Y2K (9); Confidence in institution Y2K compliance (8); Computer (2); Internet (2); Personal computer Y2K compliance (2).
Uso e Abuso dos Nebulizadores no Domicilio
Creators: name: Oliveira, Geogeta
name: Neto, Teresa
name: Dias, Carmelinda
name: Oliveira, Carmen
name: Paula Aguiar, Ana
name: Rodrigues, Cidrais
name: Dos Santos, Lopes
name: Melo, Alda
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics
Year: 2014

description: Introdução: Numerosos estudos tem vindo a demonstrar os benefícios das combinações pressurizeà metered dose inhalers (pMDI)/ câmaras expansoras comparativamente aos nebulizadores no manejo da asma infantil; no entanto, a prescrição incorrecta e o abuso dos sistemas de nebulização é frequente na prática clínica.

Objectivos: Determinar a frequência de requisição dos nebulizadores para o domicílio nas crianças inscritas no Centro de Saúde da Sr.ª da Hora; caracterizar o grupo a quem foram prescritos nebulizadores; conhecer as condições de prescrição e de utilização domiciliária destes sistemas» e apresentar uma análise de custos comparativamente com outros métodos de terapêutica inalatória.

Metodologia: Estudo descritivo em crianças a quem foram prescritos nebulizadores. Aplicação de um inquérito telefónico aos familiares de uma amostra de conveniência dessas crianças. Análise dos custos associados à requisição dos nebulizadores e eventual compra de outros sistemas inalatórios.

Resultados: De um total de 7345 crianças dos 0-14 anos inscritas no Centro de Saúde em 2003, (4,1%) requisitaram nebulizadores por intermédio dos médicos do Centro de Saúde. A mediana do tempo de requisição foi de 5 meses/criança (153 dias). Das 72 crianças seleccionadas para o inquérito, 30 (41%) não utilizavam habitualmente máscara, 9 (12,5%) nunca tinham tido história de sibilância, 13 (18,1%) partilhavam o nebulizador com outro familiar, e só 8 (11,3%) crianças eram sempre observadas pelo médico antes da 2** prescrição do nebulizador. O custo da concessão dos nebulizadores a estas 302 crianças foi muito superior ao custo calculado para a aquisição individual destes e de outros dispositivos inalatórios,

Conclusões: Este estudo mostra um excesso de prescrição dos nebulizadores para o domicílio e faz sentir a necessidade de instituir regras de prescrição destes sistemas segundo normas de orientação terapêutica de aceitação consensual.
Paiavras-Chave;  Técnicas  inalatórias,  Aerossolterapia,Dispositivos para inalação. Nebulizadores, Criança.

Palavras-Chave:  Técnicas  inalatórias, Aerossolterapia, Dispositivos para inalação, Nebulizadores, Criança.
description: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 36 n.º 6 (2005)
Multi-armed quantum bandits: Exploration versus exploitation when learning properties of quantum states
Creators: name: Lumbreras, Josep
name: Haapasalo, Erkka
name: Tomamichel, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We initiate the study of tradeoffs between exploration and exploitation in online learning of properties of quantum states. Given sequential oracle access to an unknown quantum state, in each round, we are tasked to choose an observable from a set of actions aiming to maximize its expectation value on the state (the reward). Information gained about the unknown state from previous rounds can be used to gradually improve the choice of action, thus reducing the gap between the reward and the maximal reward attainable with the given action set (the regret). We provide various information-theoretic lower bounds on the cumulative regret that an optimal learner must incur, and show that it scales at least as the square root of the number of rounds played. We also investigate the dependence of the cumulative regret on the number of available actions and the dimension of the underlying space. Moreover, we exhibit strategies that are optimal for bandits with a finite number of arms and general mixed states.
description: 36 pages, 3 figures
Traumatismos Vértebro-Medulares. Revisão de 5 anos (1999-2003)
Creators: name: Pinto, Helena
name: Mota, T.C.
name: Aparício, J. M.
name: Ribeiro, A.
name: Cunha, F.
name: Carvalho, J.
name: Almeida, F.
name: Santos, L. Almeida
name: Carreiro, E.
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics
Year: 2014

description: Introdução: Os traumatismos vértebro-medulares são pouco frequentes em idade pediátrica. As características anatómicas e funcionais da coluna na criança, nomeadamente a sua hipenmobílidade, explicam a baixa incidência destas lesões, que quando ocorrem, têm tendência a ser graves, implicando défices neurológicos importantes.

Objectivo: Conhecer as características clínicas e epidemiológicas dos casos de traumatismo vértebro-medular internados na Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (UCIP) de um Hospital Universitário de Nível III.

Material e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo dos processos clínicos com o diagnóstico de traumatismo vértebro-medular no período de 5 anos. Avallaram-se os seguintes parâmetros: idade, sexo, etiologia da lesão, abordagem inicial, tipo de traumatismo vértebro-medular. lesões associadas, tratamento efectuado e sobrevida.
Resultados: Foram incluídos 8 casos, com idade compreendida entre os 11 meses e os 13 anos. As lesões ocorreram em consequência de acidente de viação em 7 casos (87,5%) e em um caso (12,5%) por lesão por arma de fogo. Relativamente aos acidentes de viação, 4 crianças foram vítimas de atropelamento e 3 eram ocupantes de automóvel.Em 5 casos foi verificada paragem cardiorrespiratória e efectuadas manobras de suporte avançado de vida pediátrico. Na admissão, 25% dos casos nfio apresentavam colar cervical. Foram diagnosticados vários tipos de traumatismos vértebro-medulares: só fractura (12,5%), fractura com luxação (37,5%), só subluxação ou luxação (25%), lesões medulares sem alterações radiológicas (SCIWORA-spinal cord injury wíthout radiographic abnormality) (25%).Seis crianças (75%) efectuaram metiIprednisolona e em um caso (12,5%) foi efectuada correcção cirúrgica, por fractura irredutível. A letalidade foi de 37,5% (3/8).

Conclusão: Os traumatismos vértebro-medulares estão associados a um potencial elevado de lesão neurológica. Salienta-se a importância de uma abordagem sistematizada da criança vítima de traumatismo vértebro-medular, segundo as recomendações do Conselho Europeu de Ressuscitação e do Grupo de Reanimação Pediátrica. No presente estudo, os acidentes de viação constituem a causa etiológica mais importante. A educação e prevenção rodoviárias são essenciais para a minimização deste problema.

Palavras-Chave: traumatismos vértebro-medulares, epidemiologia, Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos, morbilidade
description: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 36 n.º 6 (2005)
Sarcoma de Ewing ou Linfoma Ósseo
Creators: name: Costa, Vitor
name: Oliva, Tereza
name: Almeida, Marta
name: Norton, Lucília
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics
Year: 2014

description: Apresenta-se o caso clínico de uma criança de 4 anos, sexo masculino com história de dor no membro inferior direito, claudicação da marcha e exame objectivo sem outras alterações. Oa exames imagiológicos mostraram uma lesão osteolítica desde o colo até ao terço distai da diáfise femural. O doente foi referenciado para a nossa Instituição com o diagnóstico provável de Sarcoma de Ewing versus linfoma, Com o objectivo de estadiar o tumor foi realizada uma tomografia axial computorizada (TAC) abdominal que revelou uma massa sólida intra-renal á esquerda. Foram realizadas duas biópsias (fémur e rim) que confirmaram o diagnóstico de linfoma linfoblástico de células da linhagem B. Este caso demonstra que o diagnóstico de linfoma ósseo deve ser incluído no grupo de diagnósticos diferenciais de tumores ósseos, ainda que a ocorrência deste tipo de tumor numa criança seja rara.

Palavras-Chave - Tumor ósseo, linfoma de células   sarcoma de Ewing
description: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 36 n.º 6 (2005)
Harris Interactive/Time Magazine/CNN Poll # 07: Bush/Business and Politics/Retirement
Creators: name: CNN
name: Time
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2002

description: Direction of country (1); Congressional Election (2); George W. Bush job performance (2); George W. Bush involvement in business (1); Economic conditions (1); Government regulations on Business (1); Future jobs for children (1); views on moral /ethical standards (8); George W. Bush speech on corporation scandals (2); Legislative issues (4); Impression of CEOs (2); handling of accounting scandals (2); view of accounting scandals (2); Finances in public companies (5); view of George W. Bush stock sale (1); Trust in corporations (2); Trust in government/politicians (4); Trust in stock market (2); Drug testing in baseball players (1); Strike in baseball (2); Personal retirement plans (5); Social security taxes in stock market (1); AIDS (1)
Time Magazine/Cable News Network Poll # 11: Iraq/Washington DC Sniper/Terrorism/Marijuana
Creators: name: CNN
name: Time
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2002

description: Direction of country (1); Elections for Congress (3); George W. Bush job performance (1); George W. Bush re-election (1); George W. Bush trust/mistrust (2); Issues for Congressional election (1); Political parties and job performance 91); Economic conditions (2); Family finances (1); Worry more about terrorist attacks or poor economy (1); Future acts of terrorism (1); Military action in Afghanistan (1); Military action against Saddam Hussein (5); War on terrorism (3); Saddam Hussein aiding Osama Bin Laden (1); Office of Homeland Security 91); Gun control laws (2); Washington D.C. area sniper shootings (10); Legalization of Marijuana (5); Show American Idol (2).