cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Growth and Electronic Structure of Boron-Doped Graphene
Creators: name: Gebhardt, J.
name: Koch, R. J.
name: Zhao, W.
name: Höfert, O.
name: Gotterbarm, K.
name: Mammadov, S.
name: Papp, C.
name: Görling, A.
name: Steinrück, H. -P.
name: Seyller, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The doping of graphene to tune its electronic structure is essential for its further use in carbon based electronics. Adapting strategies from classical silicon based semiconductor technology, we use the incorporation of heteroatoms in the 2D graphene network as a straightforward way to achieve this goal. Here, we report on the synthesis of boron-doped graphene on Ni(111) in a chemical vapor deposition process of triethylborane on the one hand and by segregation of boron from the bulk on the other hand. The chemical environment of boron was determined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy was used to analyze the impact on the band structure. Doping with boron leads to a shift of the graphene bands to lower binding energies. The shift depends on the doping concentration and for a doping level of 0.3 ML a shift of up to 1.2 eV is observed. The experimental results are in agreement with density-functional calculations. Furthermore, our calculations suggest that doping with boron leads to graphene preferentially adsorbed in the top-fcc geometry, since the boron atoms in the graphene lattice are then adsorbed at substrate fcc-hollow sites. The smaller adsorption distance of boron compared to carbon leads to a bending of the graphene sheet in the vicinity of the boron atoms. By comparing calculations of doped and undoped graphene on Ni(111), as well as the respective free-standing cases, we are able to distinguish between the effects that doping and adsorption have on the band structure of graphene. Both, doping and bonding to the surface, result in opposing shifts on the graphene bands.
Students’ Perception on Causes and Consequences of Climate Change in Public Universities of Ethiopia
Creators: name: Bazezew, Arega
name: Neka, Mulugeta
name: Belay, Meherte
Publisher: name: Ethiopian  Journal of Social Sciences
Year: 2020

description: Climate change is impacting socioeconomic and biophysical environments at both Global and local scales. This paper presents the results of the assessment study of student perception on the information sources, occurrences, causes, impacts and solutions of climate change in the public universities of Ethiopia. A questionnaire survey was conducted on a total of 357 university students attending undergraduate and postgraduate courses to generate the required data. The data gathered in this way was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicated that over 57% of the students get climate change information from different sources. The main climate change information sources identified by the students include television, radio, friends, internet, government reports and school teachers. Among these, teachers are the major (82%) of the studied students. Over 60% of the students reported that they do not have sufficient knowledge about climate change. Giving special concern to climate change information, obeying the laws of nature, limited interference in nature, developing awareness among the public and adopting safe industrial environments are suggested solutions to minimize the hazards of climate change. It is suggested that state agencies should design ways to deliver climate information to the wider public so as to develop awareness on the causes and consequences of climate change among the public. Local agencies and land users need also to adhere with the natural laws and adapt proper interferences in the local natural environment.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Social Sciences, Vol 5 No 2 (2019)
Determinants of Household Water Supply Sustainability in an Emerging Town in Northwest Ethiopia
Creators: name: Workneh, Fekadu
name: Belay, Mehretie
Publisher: name: Ethiopian  Journal of Social Sciences
Year: 2020

description: Accessing useable freshwater appears to be the main worry of urban citizens in Ethiopia today. The possible reasons for the problem are not yet duly addressed in scientific literatures. In this paper we analyzed the determinants of household water supply and sustainability in a rural town named Agew-Gimjabeht, Ethiopia. We captured data through questionnaires, interviews, discussions and observations. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the binary logistic regression model. We found that many households (≥68%) lack adequate water supply to satisfy their family needs. The daily household per capita water was 42.13 liters. The per capita water (9.93 liter per person per day/ l p -1 d -1 ) found less than the universally recommended 20 l p -1 d -1 threshold. Age, house type, micro-relief, rate of urbanization and management capacity significantly influenced households’ freshwater sustainability in the town. It is recommended that urban governments design better urban management schemes and capacities to minimize water shortages.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Social Sciences, Vol 5 No 2 (2019)
The Military Organization and Strategies of the Patriots under the Leadership of Dejazmach Belay Zeleke
Creators: name: Chane, Samson
Publisher: name: Ethiopian  Journal of Social Sciences
Year: 2020

description: Ethiopian patriots protested the Italian occupation in different forms from 1936 to 1941. Dejazmach Belay Zeleke was one of the renowned patriot leaderswho could organize tens of thousands of patriots and carried out successful military campaigns against the Italians and their collaborators in some parts of Gojjam, Wollo and Showa. This study explored the military organization and strategies of the patriots under the leadership of Dej. Belay. Primary data were gathered through in-depth and key informant interviews with 17 people. Descriptive and interpretive methods were employed to analyse the data. Findings revealed that Belay ensured hierarchical chain of command in the military organization, and assigned chiefs who commanded the patriots in their respective districts. The patriots were organized into five military units as Dereq Tor were well experienced and senior warriors; Yemetreyes Zebegnoch (guards of the machine guns) and Zuriya Safari or Mezezo Tor (rear guards in charge of patrolling the court of Belay and surrounding areas.The Gamme tor or Angach acted as security guards, patrolled military fortifications and nearby villages and took part in military campaigns. The Kemanianishae - literally not less than the other – largely includes young boys organized as guerilla units. Belay organized the council of military advisors responsible to make decisions on military matters. Basically, the patriots’ military operation was characterized by guerilla fighting and they practiced different military strategies including hit and run, sudden attack, espionage, intercepting and ambushing the enemy, changing sites frequently, encircling camps and strongholds. The military organization and strategies created cohesiveness among the patriots, reduced the magnitude of casualties and contributed to the success of the patriots resistance.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Social Sciences, Vol 5 No 2 (2019)
Antiferromagnetic states and phase separation in doped AA-stacked graphene bilayers
Creators: name: Sboychakov, A. O.
name: Rozhkov, A. V.
name: Rakhmanov, A. L.
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study electronic properties of AA-stacked graphene bilayers. In the single-particle approximation such a system has one electron band and one hole band crossing the Fermi level. If the bilayer is undoped, the Fermi surfaces of these bands coincide. Such a band structure is unstable with respect to a set of spontaneous symmetry violations. Specifically, strong on-site Coulomb repulsion stabilizes antiferromagnetic order. At small doping and low temperatures, the homogeneous phase is unstable, and experiences phase separation into an undoped antiferromagnetic insulator and a metal. The metallic phase can be either antiferromagnetic (commensurate or incommensurate) or paramagnetic depending on the system parameters. We derive the phase diagram of the system on the doping-temperature plane and find that, under certain conditions, the transition from paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic phase may demonstrate re-entrance. When disorder is present, phase separation could manifest itself as a percolative insulator-metal transition driven by doping.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Egypt’s Quest for Hydro Hegemony and the Changing Power Relation in the Eastern Nile Basin
Creators: name: Endaylalu, Gashaw Ayferam
Publisher: name: Ethiopian  Journal of Social Sciences
Year: 2019

description: This paper examines incessant hydro hegemonic power configuration and the changing power relation in the Eastern Nile basin. The hydro politics of Nile has been at the centre of academic debates for long and several scholars, in this regard, have studied the multifarious aspects of the hydro-politics of Nile River with different opportune contentious issues. However, little attention has been given to the study of hydro hegemony and counter hydro hegemony in the aforesaid river basin. The overall objective of this paper is, therefore, to examine the hydro hegemonic strategies and tactics used by Egypt in its long journey of establishing, maintaining and consolidating the current hydro political status quo. Methodologically, the study employed qualitative research method. In view of that, the study used both primary and secondary sources of data. The primary data was collected through key informant interviews while the secondary data was collected from books, archival sources. Given the data gathered are qualitative; the study employed the qualitative data analysis techniques of historical narrative, and document and critical discourse analysis. The paper argues that Egypt has used a smart power, a combination of hard and soft power, in establishing, maintaining and consolidating its most preferable state of affairs, and in the meantime there is no pragmatic change but only sign of changes foreshadowing a new order which can be explained by the post 1990s changing domestic, regional and international environment. This anticipated new order, however, is now infested with the hegemonic power using hegemonic compliance producing mechanism and thus it is in between life and death. Thus, there is a need on the part of non-hegemonic riparians to use smart power, a combination of hard and soft power, so as to successfully transform the established order. First, there is a need for ‘decolonizing the hegemonic mentality’ to affirm that ‘Egypt is not the sacred husband of Nile rather Nile has made a geographical and legal marriage with 11 countries’. Second, there is a need for the establishment of a ‘historic non-hegemonic block’ in order to bring consistent unified upstream position which will push for a paradigmatic change. Failing to do so would mean endorsing the current hegemonic status quo and calling for the extinction of the commonly shared resource_ the Nile waters.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Social Sciences, Vol 5 No 1 (2019)
"Posthuman" - in the concept of the 4th stage of human evolution "digital philosophy"
Creators: name: Smetana, Vladimir V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 500319
subject: Poststructuralism
classificationCode: 500317
subject: Philosophy of science (excl. history and philosophy of specific fields)

description: The concept of the 4th stage of human evolution - digital ("digital philosophy") is a logical continuation of the theory of A. Comte of 3 stages: theological, metaphysical and scientific ("positive philosophy"). It seems to us that the “digital philosophy” will have several successive stages with conditional transitions from one state to another: 1. digital intelligence helps humanity (digitalization, optimization, robotization, increasing labor productivity with the participation of digital intelligence, digital immortality, etc. ); 2. digital intelligence controls the posthuman (augmentation, cyborgization, biomodification, genetic engineering, etc.); 3. digital intelligence controls robots without the participation of biological beings (digital intelligence is completely self-managed, robots create robots, robots control robots). In this study, it is proposed to consider the prerequisites for the emergence of a posthuman in the current state of mankind, as well as to consider from different points of view the process of evolution within the framework of scientific and technological progress and the irreversibility of the consequences for humanity from the result of a new worldview and the coexistence of biological beings.
title: Green steel supply chain options between Australia and Japan
Creators: name: M., Haynes
name: C., Wang
name: S.D.C., Walsh
name: M., Haynes
name: Z., Weng
name: A., Feitz
Publisher: name: Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: EFTF – Exploring for the Future
subject: Australia’s Resources Framework
subject: Australia’s Future Energy Resources
subject: Economic Fairways
subject: Green steel
subject: Green iron
subject: Iron ore
subject: Hydrogen
subject: Ammonia
subject: Supply chain
subject: Japan
subject: Australia
subject: International shipping
subject: HBI - Hot briquetted iron
subject: Decarbonisation
subject: Renewable energy
subject: Other Earth Sciences
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Development geography
subject: Regional analysis and development
subject: Information and Computing Sciences
subject: Published_External

description: Output Type: Exploring for the Future Extended Abstract
Short Abstract: The global push towards decarbonisation may disrupt existing steelmaking supply chains. While this presents opportunities for Australia, it remains an open question as to what the country’s role should be within new international value chains. Here, we examine green steel production and export strategies between Australia and Japan, comparing different exports from raw material feedstocks to end products. We assess five scenarios in 2030, involving Australian exports of green steel, hot briquetted iron, green ammonia, liquid hydrogen, and/or iron ore pellets. The export of iron ore pellets for Japanese processing using offshore wind is most expensive (~AU$1500/tonne). Although, direct steel production is most economical (~AU$1000/tonne) due to lower energy costs from holistic system optimisation, exporting hot-briquetted iron or HBI (~AU$1032/tonne) balances Australia’s resources with Japan’s steel manufacturing expertise. The liquid hydrogen and ammonia pathways incur substantial energy losses from conversion and reconversion processes, making them less competitive. Trade partnerships across the value chain enhance sustainability and economic feasibility of international green steel manufacturing.
Citation: Wang, C., Walsh, S.D.C., Haynes, M.W., Weng, Z. & Feitz, A., 2024. Green steel supply chain options between Australia and Japan. In: Czarnota, K. (ed.) Exploring for the Future: Extended Abstracts, Geoscience Australia, Canberra, https://doi.org/10.26186/149413
Non-anticommutative ABJ Theory
Creators: name: Faizal, Mir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we will discuss non-anticommutative deformations of the harmonic superspace. We will analyse the non-anticommutative deformation of the superspace that break the supersymmetry from $\mathcal{N} =3$ supersymmetry to $\mathcal{N} =2$ supersymmetry. We will then study the ABJ theory in this non-anticommutative superspace. This deformed ABJ theory will be shown to posses $\mathcal{N} =5$ supersymmetry.
description: 12 pages, 0 figures, accepted for publication in Nucl. Phys. B
Additional file 1 of Characterization of data-driven clusters in diabetes-free adults and their utility for risk stratification of type 2 diabetes
Creators: name: Yacamán Méndez, Diego
name: Zhou, Minhao
name: Trolle Lagerros, Ylva
name: Gómez Velasco, Donaji V.
name: Tynelius, Per
name: Gudjonsdottir, Hrafnhildur
name: Ponce de Leon, Antonio
name: Eeg-Olofsson, Katarina
name: Östenson, Claes-Göran
name: Brynedal, Boel
name: Aguilar Salinas, Carlos A.
name: Ebbevi, David
name: Lager, Anton
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Baseline characteristics of the SDPP and MSC studies. Table S2. Determination of the number of clusters in the SDPP and MCS studies. Table S3. Mean Jaccard similarity of the cluster categories in the SDPP and MSC studies. Table S4. Pairwise comparisons of the association between cluster membership and incidence of type 2 diabetes. Table S5. Accuracy of categories of prediabetes to predict type 2 diabetes in the SDPP study. Table S6. Accuracy of individual clusters to predict type 2 diabetes in the SDPP study. Table S7. Accuracy of prediabetes and high-risk clusters to predict type 2 diabetes in the SDPP study. Table S8. Intrarater reliability of clusters and prediabetes in the SDPP study.
GRB Flares: UV/Optical Flaring (Paper I)
Creators: name: Swenson, C. A.
name: Roming, P. W. A.
name: De Pasquale, M.
name: Oates, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new algorithm for the detection of flares in gamma-ray burst (GRB) light curves and use this algorithm to detect flares in the UV/optical. The algorithm makes use of the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) to analyze the residuals of the fitted light curve, removing all major features, and to determine the statistically best fit to the data by iteratively adding additional `breaks' to the light curve. These additional breaks represent the individual components of the detected flares: T_start, T_stop, and T_peak. We present the detection of 119 unique flaring periods detected by applying this algorithm to light curves taken from the Second Swift Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope (UVOT) GRB Afterglow Catalog. We analyzed 201 UVOT GRB light curves and found episodes of flaring in 68 of the light curves. For those light curves with flares, we find an average number of ~2 flares per GRB. Flaring is generally restricted to the first 1000 seconds of the afterglow, but can be observed and detected beyond 10^5 seconds. More than 80% of the flares detected are short in duration with Delta t/t of < 0.5. Flares were observed with flux ratios relative to the underlying light curve of between 0.04 to 55.42. Many of the strongest flares were also seen at greater than 1000 seconds after the burst.
description: Submitted to ApJ. 20 pages (including 8 figures and 1 table)
Causes and Factors Facilitating Human Trafficking in Ethiopia: The Case of Bati Town, Amhara Regional State
Creators: name: Negash, Wegayehu Tufa
name: Yesuf, Awol Akmel
Publisher: name: Ethiopian  Journal of Social Sciences
Year: 2019

description: Human trafficking is nowadays becoming a global concern due to its multifaceted causes and consequences affecting the life of thousands of people including men, women and children. This study aimed at analyzing the causes and factors facilitating human trafficking in Bati town of Oromo Administrative Zone, Amhara regional State. The specific objectives included identifying the major causes of human trafficking, identifying the major facilitating factors and mapping the transit and the major destination areas. The study employed a descriptive research design. The primary data for this study were collected from 232 migrant respondents selected using the random sampling technique and six key informants selected purposively. Questionnaire and semi-structured interview were used to collect data from migrants and key informants respectively. Descriptive statistic such as mean are used to analyze the data. Migration out of Bati town is initiated by both pull and push factors. The push factors include family and individual characteristics. Furthermore, economic disparities between the origin and destination areas, and the resultant variation in job opportunities in the destinations attract people to migrate. The survey results show that out of 232 respondents 89.65 percent migrate out of Bati town because of attractive labor demand in place of destination. In addition to this, the absences of legal travel agencies intermingle with the legal process, the lengthy time it takes and the increasing number of false promise makers in the town are the main factors that aggravate the issue of trafficking in the town.The results of study revealed that 39.65% of respondents prefer illegal migration due to the absence of real legal travel agencies in Bati town and the surrounding zonal towns. The study also indicated the role of informal groups and false promise makers. Generally, the study concluded that the problems of human trafficking are related with economic issues. Therefore, stakeholders are recommended to come up with job opportunities for citizens and to make people more aware of the risk and consequences of trafficking. Finally, the findings of this study demonstrate the magnitude of the problem and could be used to tackle the challenges with the involvement of all actors.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Social Sciences, Vol 5 No 1 (2019)
Light-front quark model consistent with Drell-Yan-West duality and quark counting rules
Creators: name: Gutsche, Thomas
name: Lyubovitskij, Valery E.
name: Schmidt, Ivan
name: Vega, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a phenomenological light-front wave function for hadrons with arbitrary twist-dimension (mesons, baryons and multiquark states), which gives the correct scaling behavior of structure functions (parton distributions) and form factors for pions and nucleons. For other hadronic states the proposed wave function produces form factors consistent with quark counting rules, and gives predictions for structure functions (parton distributions). As an application we build a light-front quark model for nucleons based on the proposed wave function.
description: 5 pages
Additional file 2 of Characterization of data-driven clusters in diabetes-free adults and their utility for risk stratification of type 2 diabetes
Creators: name: Yacamán Méndez, Diego
name: Zhou, Minhao
name: Trolle Lagerros, Ylva
name: Gómez Velasco, Donaji V.
name: Tynelius, Per
name: Gudjonsdottir, Hrafnhildur
name: Ponce de Leon, Antonio
name: Eeg-Olofsson, Katarina
name: Östenson, Claes-Göran
name: Brynedal, Boel
name: Aguilar Salinas, Carlos A.
name: Ebbevi, David
name: Lager, Anton
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Flow chart of the Stockholm Diabetes Preventive Program (SDPP). Figure S2. Flow chart of The Metabolic Syndrome Cohort (MSC). Figure S3. Determination of the number of clusters using Gap Statistic and within clusters sum of squares. Figure S4. Visualization of the clusters in SDPP (panel a) and MSC (panel b) using dimension reduction with u-MAP. Figure S5. Heatmap of the distribution of continuous variables by cohort. Figure S6. Box plots of the continuous variables used for cluster analysis, comparison between the SDPP and MSC cohorts. Figure S7. Baseline categorization as prediabetes and high-risk clusters and cases of type 2 diabetes in the SDPP study. Figure S8. Patterns of transition of prediabetes between the baseline, 10-year and 20-year follow-ups of the SDPP cohort.
Push Factors, Household Support and Effects of Communal Land Distribution in Gozamin Distric, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Derseh, Ermiyas
name: Belay, Mehretie
Publisher: name: Ethiopian  Journal of Social Sciences
Year: 2019

description: Nowadays, communal land distribution (CLD) in Ethiopia causes complaints in rural areas. This study describes the push factors, household support and effects of CLD in Gozamin district, Ethiopia. Data were gathered using questionnaires, focus groups, interviews and observations. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used in data analysis. Youth unemployment, farmland shortage, land laws, illegal encroachments and awareness gaps were identified as main drivers of CLD. Support to CLD was found significantly differing with sex, age, farmland, livestock, income and dependency levels of household groups. Youth employment opportunity was the positive effect of CLDs. Rising farmer conflicts, contraction of indigenous wildlife and grazing pastures, decline of livestock products and tenure insecurity were adverse impacts of CLDs. It is suggested that land laws promoting CLD be revised to reduce encroachments and conflicts. Alternative employment, livestock feeding and fuel options should be introduced to minimize farmland shortages and the pressure on communal resources.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Social Sciences, Vol 5 No 1 (2019)
Additional file 3 of Characterization of data-driven clusters in diabetes-free adults and their utility for risk stratification of type 2 diabetes
Creators: name: Yacamán Méndez, Diego
name: Zhou, Minhao
name: Trolle Lagerros, Ylva
name: Gómez Velasco, Donaji V.
name: Tynelius, Per
name: Gudjonsdottir, Hrafnhildur
name: Ponce de Leon, Antonio
name: Eeg-Olofsson, Katarina
name: Östenson, Claes-Göran
name: Brynedal, Boel
name: Aguilar Salinas, Carlos A.
name: Ebbevi, David
name: Lager, Anton
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3. Detailed description of methods for cluster analysis and computer code (Stata and Python).
Spontaneous and Stimulated Raman Scattering near Metal Nanostructures in the Ultrafast, High-Intensity regime
Creators: name: Scalora, M.
name: Vincenti, M. A.
name: de Ceglia, D.
name: Grande, M.
name: Haus, J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inclusion of atomic inversion in Raman scattering can significantly alter field dynamics in plasmonic settings. Our calculations show that large local fields and femtosecond pulses combine to yield: (i) population inversion within hot spots; (ii) gain saturation; and (iii) conversion efficiencies characterized by a switch-like transition to the stimulated regime that spans twelve orders of magnitude. While in Raman scattering atomic inversion is usually neglected, we demonstrate that in some circumstances full accounting of the dynamics of the Bloch vector is required.
Hunting for a scalar glueball in exclusive B decays
Creators: name: Lü, Cai-Dian
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
name: Wang, Wei
name: Zhao, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using flavor SU(3) symmetry for the light quarks validated by the available experimental data, we propose an intuitive way to hunt for a scalar glueball in B decays. In the presence of mixing between the glueball and ordinary scalar mesons, we explore the extraction of the mixing parameters. In particular, we discuss the implication from the recently available experimental data and show the sensitivities of B decays as a probe to the scalar structures. The future Super KEKB factory would allow access to establishing the mixing pattern among the scalars, and possibly allow one to disentangle the long-standing puzzle concerning the existence and mixings of the scalar glueball predicted by QCD.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Effect of Terracing on Combating Soil Erosion by Water: Case Study In The Beribere Catchment, Northwest Ethiopia
Creators: name: Debie, Ermias
name: Singhb, K. N.
name: Belay, Mehretie
Publisher: name: Ethiopian  Journal of Social Sciences
Year: 2018

description: Accelerated soil erosion by water is a critical problem for Ethiopia, where population is rapidly growing and extensive farming systems are very common with little or no preventive measures. This paper presents the results of a study on the effects of terracing practices in reducing the magnitude of soil loss by using rill survey technique at cultivated field scales in relation to crop type and topographic position of the fields in the Beribere catchment, northwest Ethiopia. The study also assessed the factors accelerating rill erosion in the focused area. Rill erosion in the terraced fields was reduced by 53.5% as compared to the non-terraced control fields. In the terraced areas, terrace damages are the main contributing factors to soil loss due to rills. In the non-terraced fields, the slipage of concentrated runoff from up-slope areas and damage of drainage ditches were observed as the principal accelerating factors for the initiation and development of rill erosion, whereas they had insignificant effect for rill erosion in the terraced fields. Moreover, rill erosion shows spatial differences in terms of crop covers and relative topographic positions in the study site. Hence, there should be adequate platform to effective communication between farmers and extension staff to design site specific erosion control activities for addressing the problem. The study verifies that rill surveying is a significant method to pragmatic assessment for the effectiveness of terracing structures in arresting soil erosion by water.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Social Sciences, Vol 4 No 2 (2018)
Determinants of Chicken Market Participation Decisions by Smallholder Farmers in West Gojam Zone, Ethiopia: A Gender Perspective
Creators: name: Giziew, Almaz
Publisher: name: Ethiopian  Journal of Social Sciences
Year: 2018

description: Ethiopia is a country where village chicken plays a dominant role in total chicken production. Chicken production as part of livestock production could be one alternative in generating income for rural households. Although some researchers studied chicken in Ethiopia, they asses and examine merely the production practices of chicken like adoption, feeding and variety. This indicates that there is huge knowledge gap regarding the determinants of chicken Market Participation Decisions by Smallholder farmers in Ethiopia. Thus, this study identified determinant factors affecting chicken market participation decisions by smallholder farmers in Mecha and Bahir Dar Zuria districts, Ethiopia. The data used in this study were collected from 154 male and 46 female headed households who were selected via multistage sampling technique from four kebeles of the district. The data were analyzed using t-test, chi-square. Probit and Heckman two-stage selection were estimated to identify the determinants of chicken marketing participation-decision in Female-Headed Households (FHH) and Male-Headed Households (MHH). The probit model results indicate that distance from the nearest market, number of chicken owned, breed type and getting extension service influenced FHH farmers’ decision to participate in marketing significantly. Experience of chicken production, market information, use of credit, and income from non-farm activity influenced MHHs’ decision to participate in marketing. Therefore, in order to realize the country’s long-term vision of food security and achieve agricultural and rural development, all the determinants of participation-decision and value of chicken sales should be considered by policy makers as a new insight for intervention measures.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Social Sciences, Vol 4 No 2 (2018)
Design of an electron gun for terahertz radiation source
Creators: name: Li, Ji
name: Pei, Y. J.
name: Hu, Tongning
name: Chen, Qushan
name: Feng, Guangyao
name: Shang, Lei
name: Li, Chenglong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the aim to obtain short-pulse bunches with high peak current for a terahertz radiation source, an EC-ITC (External-Cathode Independently Tunable Cells) RF gun was employed. As the external injecting electron source of the ITC RF gun, a gridded DC gun plays a key role, the performance of which determines the beam quality in the injector and transport line. In order to make the beam well compressed in the ITC RF gun, the energy of the electrons acquired from the gridded DC gun should be 15 KeV at most. A proper structure of the gridded gun is shown to overcome the strong space- charge force on the cathode, which is able to generate 6 μs beam with 4.5A current successfully.
description: 4 pages,8 pages, submitted to Chinese Physics C
Artificial Neural Network for Performance Modeling and Optimization of CMOS Analog Circuits
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Mriganka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents an implementation of multilayer feed forward neural networks (NN) to optimize CMOS analog circuits. For modeling and design recently neural network computational modules have got acceptance as an unorthodox and useful tool. To achieve high performance of active or passive circuit component neural network can be trained accordingly. A well trained neural network can produce more accurate outcome depending on its learning capability. Neural network model can replace empirical modeling solutions limited by range and accuracy.[2] Neural network models are easy to obtain for new circuits or devices which can replace analytical methods. Numerical modeling methods can also be replaced by neural network model due to their computationally expansive behavior.[2][10][20]. The pro- posed implementation is aimed at reducing resource requirement, without much compromise on the speed. The NN ensures proper functioning by assigning the appropriate inputs, weights, biases, and excitation function of the layer that is currently being computed. The concept used is shown to be very effective in reducing resource requirements and enhancing speed.
description: International Journal of Computer Applications November 2012
Galaxy Interactions in Compact Groups I : The Galactic Winds of HCG16
Creators: name: Vogt, Frédéric P. A.
name: Dopita, Michael A.
name: Kewley, Lisa J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the WiFeS integral field spectrograph, we have undertaken a series of observations of star-forming galaxies in Compact Groups. In this first paper dedicated to the project, we present the analysis of the spiral galaxy NGC838, a member of the Hickson Compact Group 16, and of its galactic wind. Our observations reveal that the wind forms an asymmetric, bipolar, rotating structure, powered by a nuclear starburst. Emission line ratio diagnostics indicate that photoionization is the dominant excitation mechanism at the base of the wind. Mixing from slow shocks (up to 20%) increases further out along the outflow axis. The asymmetry of the wind is most likely caused by one of the two lobes of the wind bubble bursting out of its HI envelope, as indicated by line ratios and radial velocity maps. The characteristics of this galactic wind suggest that it is caught early (a few Myr) in the wind evolution sequence. The wind is also quite different to the galactic wind in the partner galaxy NGC839 which contains a symmetric, shock-excited wind. Assuming that both galaxies have similar interaction histories, the two different winds must be a consequence of the intrinsic properties of NGC838 and NGC839 and their starbursts.
description: 18 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Clown for Change - Cartoonist Marty Two Bulls as a Modern Heyoka
Creators: name: John, Sonja
Publisher: name: Ethiopian  Journal of Social Sciences
Year: 2018

description: Most Native American societies have trickster stories and roles which are used as an instrument for negotiating moral behavior. In Lakota country, the heyoka fulfills the clownish role to address taboos and sensitive issues. The late Severt Young Bear, Sr. noted that the heyoka no longer exists. Against this position, this article argues that the role and function of the traditional heyoka lives on in different art forms through highlighting the work of the renowned Oglala Lakota cartoonist Marty Two Bulls. By addressing sensitive issues like alcohol consumption in a humorous way, Two Bulls offers a space for new interpretations and renegotiation. In the past, due to the close link between representation and identity, Native cultural self-understanding has been adversely affected by stereotypes, most prominently the stereotype of the drunk Native. As a matter of cultural revitalization, Two Bulls uses this same interconnection as an opportunity for initiating change and encouraging Lakota to reclaim control over their lives. Through the lens of Native humor as a methodological tool to analyze cartoons, this article presents an example of how cultural productions can serve as an interpretive instrument and as a tool for tribal self-presentation.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Social Sciences, Vol 4 No 2 (2018)
Markakis, John. (2011). Ethiopia: The Last Two Frontiers. Woodbridge, Suffolk; and Rochester, NY: NY: James Currey. xvi+ 383 pp. ISBN 978-1-84701-074-2
Creators: name: Ali, Mohammed Seid
Publisher: name: Ethiopian  Journal of Social Sciences
Year: 2018

description: Ethiopian Journal of Social Sciences, Vol 4 No 2 (2018)
title: Verbesserungen bei den Erwerbsminderungsrenten und Herstellung der Renteneinheit
title: Anhörung des Bundestagsausschusses Arbeit und Soziales am 12.05.2017: Schriftliche Stellungnahmen
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Bäcker, Gerhard
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications Online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2018

description: Schriftliche Stellungnahmen am 12.05.2017
– zum Entwurf eines Gesetzes zur Verbesserung der Leistungen bei Renten
wegen verminderter Erwerbsfähigkeit und zur Änderung anderer Gesetze (EMLeistungsverbesserungsgesetz)
– zum Antrag der Fraktion „Die Linke“ Die Erwerbsminderungsrente stärken und
den Zugang erleichtern“
sowie
– zum Entwurf eines Gesetzes über den Abschluss der Rentenüberleitung
(Rentenüberleitungsabschlussgesetz)
– zum Antrag der Fraktion Bündnis 90/Die Grünen: „Renteneinheit vollenden –
Gleiches Rentenrecht in Ost und West“
– zum Antrag der Fraktion Die LINKE: „Renteneinheit verwirklichen –
Lebensleistung anerkennen“
What determines the density structure of molecular clouds ? A case study of Orion B with Herschel
Creators: name: Schneider, N.
name: Andre, Ph.
name: Konyves, V.
name: Bontemps, S.
name: Motte, F.
name: Federrath, C.
name: Ward-Thompson, D.
name: Arzoumanian, D.
name: Benedettini, M.
name: Bressert, E.
name: Didelon, P.
name: Di Francesco, J.
name: Griffin, M.
name: Hennemann, M.
name: Hill, T.
name: Palmeirim, P.
name: Pezzuto, S.
name: Peretto, N.
name: Roy, A.
name: Rygl, K. L. J.
name: Spinoglio, L.
name: White, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A key parameter to the description of all star formation processes is the density structure of the gas. In this letter, we make use of probability distribution functions (PDFs) of Herschel column density maps of Orion B, Aquila, and Polaris, obtained with the Herschel Gould Belt survey (HGBS). We aim to understand which physical processes influence the PDF shape, and with which signatures. The PDFs of Orion B (Aquila) show a lognormal distribution for low column densities until Av 3 (6), and a power-law tail for high column densities, consistent with a rho r^-2 profile for the equivalent spherical density distribution. The PDF of Orion B is broadened by external compression due to the nearby OB stellar aggregates. The PDF of a quiescent subregion of the non-star-forming Polaris cloud is nearly lognormal, indicating that supersonic turbulence governs the density distribution. But we also observe a deviation from the lognormal shape at Av>1 for a subregion in Polaris that includes a prominent filament. We conclude that (i) the point where the PDF deviates from the lognormal form does not trace a universal Av-threshold for star formation, (ii) statistical density fluctuations, intermittency and magnetic fields can cause excess from the lognormal PDF at an early cloud formation stage, (iii) core formation and/or global collapse of filaments and a non-isothermal gas distribution lead to a power-law tail, and (iv) external compression broadens the column density PDF, consistent with numerical simulations.
description: Astrophysical Journal Letters, received: 2012 December 30; accepted 2013 February 26
Additional file 1 of Risk for morbidity and mortality after neurosurgery in older patients with high grade gliomas – a retrospective population based study
Creators: name: Löfgren, David
name: Valachis, Antonios
name: Olivecrona, Magnus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Combinatorial rules for three bases of polynomials
Creators: name: Ross, Colleen
name: Yong, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present combinatorial rules (one theorem and two conjectures) concerning three bases of Z[x1,x2,....]. First, we prove a "splitting" rule for the basis of key polynomials [Demazure '74], thereby establishing a new positivity theorem about them. Second, we introduce an extension of [Kohnert '90]'s "moves" to conjecture the first combinatorial rule for a certain deformation [Lascoux '01] of the key polynomials. Third, we use the same extension to conjecture a new rule for the Grothendieck polynomials [Lascoux-Schutzenberger '82].
description: 9 pages
Urban-Rural Variation of Early Marriage among Married Women in Babile Town and Its Environs, Oromiya National Regional State, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Abdumalik, Mohammed
name: Sishaw, Tegegne
name: Akmel, Awol
Publisher: name: Ethiopian  Journal of Social Sciences
Year: 2018

description: All over the world, within a single day a large number of girls are getting into marriage as early as their childhood without their will and consent. Likewise, in Ethiopia, women tend to marry considerably earlier than men. The objective of this study is to explore the rural-urban variation of early marriage among married women and the causative factors of variation. A crosssectional research design was adopted, and a total of 385 household heads (HHHs) were randomly selected as samples for this study, i.e. 206 from the urban and 179 from rural kebele. Chi square and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data. The results of the study revealed that the prevalence of early marriage in Babile town and its environs was 48.8%. The variation among rural and urban women was 61.5% for rural vs. 37.9% for urban. Furthermore, early marriage both in rural and urban areas of the study area was caused by different socioeconomic and cultural factors. Accordingly, current age, educational status, parental control, cultural as well as religious influences and ethnicity were the main factors significantly associated with early marriage. Findings from this study demonstrate the magnitude of the problem and the urgent need for the involvement of all actors to address the challenge.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Social Sciences, Vol 4 No 1 (2018)
Volume term of work of critical nucleus formation in terms of chemical potential difference relative to equilibrium one
Creators: name: Mori, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The work of formation of a critical nucleus is sometimes written as W=nΔμ+γA. The first term W_{vol}=nΔμ is called the volume term and the second term γA the surface term with γ being the interfacial tension and A the area of the nucleus. Nishioka and Kusaka [J. Chem. Phys. 96 (1992) 5370] derived W_{vol}=nΔμ with n=V_β/v_β and Δμ=μ_β(T,p_α)-μ_α(T,p_α) by rewriting W_{vol}=-(p_β-p_α)V_β by integrating the isothermal Gibbs-Duhem relation for an incompressible β phase, where α and β represent the parent and nucleating phases, V_β is the volume of the nucleus, v_β, which is constant, the molecular volume of the β phase, μ, T, and p denote the chemical potential, the temperature, and the pressure, respectively. We note here that Δμ=μ_β(T,p_α)-μ_α(T,p_α) is, in general, not a directly measurable quantity. In this paper, we have rewritten W_{vol}=-(p_β-p_α)V_β in terms of μ_{re}-μ_{eq}, where μ_{re} and μ_{eq} are the chemical potential of the reservoir (equaling that of the real system, common to the α and β phases) and that at equilibrium. Here, the quantity μ_{re}-μ_{eq} is the directly measurable supersaturation. The obtained form is similar to but slightly different from W_{vol}=nΔμ.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures; submitted to Journal of Crystal Growth
The Taxation System of Ras Haylu Täklä Haymanot of Gojjam: 1907-1932
Creators: name: Eskezia, Geremew
Publisher: name: Ethiopian  Journal of Social Sciences
Year: 2018

description: Taxation is the base for any political power. Early 20th century Gojjam was under the business minded hereditary lord of Gojjam. He was one of the wealthiest persons of Ethiopia during the period. Haylu was also one of the powerful regional rulers. The bases of his power were his huge regional army and the wealth drawn from the people of Gojjam. Ras Haylu`s Gojjam was one of the last autonomous provinces of Ethiopia. This paper examines the ways how Ras Haylu, as an upstart mercantilist ruler of Gojjam, was able to amass huge amount of capital, with particular emphasis on his taxation system. It also discusses some of the actors that led to his final arrest in 1932. A range of sources were used in the paper ncluding secondary materials, archival, oral and published and unpublished primary sources. The data collected from these sources have been carefully selected, cross checked and examined for their authenticity. Then, the information drawn from authentic and credible sources were interpreted and analyzed so as to reconstruct the history of taxation in Gojjam during the period of Ras Haylu.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Social Sciences, Vol 4 No 1 (2018)