cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gaia transients in galactic nuclei
Creators: name: Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z.
name: Jonker, P. G.
name: Hodgkin, S. T.
name: Wyrzykowski, L.
name: Fraser, M.
name: Harrison, D. L.
name: Rixon, G.
name: Yoldas, A.
name: van Leeuwen, F.
name: Delgado, A.
name: van Leeuwen, M.
name: Koposov, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high spatial resolution and precise astrometry and photometry of the Gaia mission should make it particularly apt at discovering and resolving transients occurring in, or near, the centres of galaxies. Indeed, some nuclear transients are reported by the Gaia Science Alerts (GSA) team, but not a single confirmed Tidal Disruption Event has been published. In order to explore the sensitivity of GSA, we performed an independent and systematic search for nuclear transients using Gaia observations. Our transient search is driven from an input galaxy catalogue (derived from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Release 12). We present a candidate detection metric which is independent from the existing GSA methodology, to see if Gaia Alerts are biased against the discovery of nuclear transients, and in particular which steps may have an impact. Our technique does require significant manual vetting of candidates, making implementation in the GSA system impractical for daily operations, although it could be run weekly, which for month-to-year long transients would make a scientifically valuable addition. Our search yielded ~480 nuclear transients, 5 of which were alerted and published by GSA. The list of (in some cases ongoing) transients includes candidates for events related to enhanced accretion onto a super-massive black hole and TDEs. An implementation of the detection methodology and criteria used in this paper as an extension of GSA could open up the possibility for Gaia to fulfil the role as a main tool to find transient nuclear activity as predicted in the literature.
description: MNRAS accepted; full Table 2 attached
Solution-processed hybrid graphene flake/2H-MoS2 quantum dot heterostructures for efficient electrochemical hydrogen evolution
Creators: name: Najafi, Leyla
name: Bellani, Sebastiano
name: Martin-Garcia, Beatriz
name: Oropesa-Nunez, Reinier
name: Castillo, Antonio Esau Del Rio
name: Prato, Mirko
name: Moreels, Iwan
name: Bonaccorso, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We designed solution-processed, flexible hybrid graphene flake/2H-MoS2 quantum dot (QD) heterostructures, showing enhanced electrocatalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with respect to their native individual components. The 2H-MoS2 QDs are produced through a scalable, environmentally friendly, one-step solvothermal approach from two-dimensional (2D) 2H-MoS2 flakes obtained by liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) of their bulk counterpart in 2-Propanol. This QDs synthesis avoids the use of high boiling point and/or toxic solvents. Graphene flakes are produced by LPE of graphite in N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The electrochemical properties of 2H-MoS2 QDs and their HER-favorable chemical and electronic coupling with graphene enable to reach a current density of 10 mA/cm^2 at an overpotential of 136 mV, surpassing the performances of graphene flake/2H-MoS2 (1T-MoS2) flake heterostructures. Our approach provides a shortcut, viable and cost-effective method for enhancing the 2D materials electrocatalytic properties.
description: 31 pages, 15 figures
The massive white dwarf in the recurrent nova T CrB
Creators: name: Shahbaz, T.
name: Somers, M.
name: Yudin, B.
name: Naylor, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained I, J, H and K band light curves of the recurrent nova T CrB. We find that we can only fit the $J$ band light curve with a Roche-lobe filling secondary star and a dark spot of radius 11-26 derees (90 per cent confidence) centred at the inner Lagrangian point. We obtain limits to the binary inclination of 38-46 degrees (90 per cent confidence) which when combined with the value for the mass function allows us to determine the mass of the compact object to be 1.3-2.5 Mo (90 per cent confidence). This mass range is consistent with the Chandrasekhar limiting white dwarf mass, and so we provide evidence needed to support the outbursts in recurrent novae in terms of a thermonuclear runaway process on the surface of a massive 1.4 Mo white dwarf.
description: Accepted by MNRAS, 6 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 2: of Bioinformatics and DNA-extraction strategies to reliably detect genetic variants from FFPE breast tissue samples
Creators: name: Bhagwate, Aditya
name: Liu, Yuanhang
name: Winham, Stacey
name: McDonough, Samantha
name: Stallings-Mann, Melody
name: Heinzen, Ethan
name: Davila, Jaime
name: Vierkant, Robert
name: Hoskin, Tanya
name: Frost, Marlene
name: Carter, Jodi
name: Radisky, Derek
name: Cunningham, Julie
name: Degnim, Amy
name: Wang, Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Table showing NGS metrics for all the study samples (DOCX 14 kb)
Electric-Field Control of Bound States and Optical Spectrum in Window-Coupled Quantum Waveguides
Creators: name: Olendski, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Properties of the bound states of two quantum waveguides coupled via the window of the width $s$ in their common boundary are calculated under the assumption that the transverse electric field $\pmb{\mathscr{E}}$ is applied to the structure. It is shown that the increase of the electric intensity brings closer to each other fundamental propagation thresholds of the opening and the arms. As a result, the ground state, which in the absence of the field exists at any nonzero $s$, exhibits the energy $E_0$ decrease for the growing $\mathscr{E}$ and in the high-field regime $E_0$ stays practically the same regardless of the size of the connecting region. It is predicted that the critical window widths $s_{cr_n}$, $n=1,2,\ldots$, at which new excited localized orbitals emerge, strongly depend on the transverse voltage; in particular, the field leads to the increase of $s_{cr_n}$, and, for quite strong electric intensities, the critical width unrestrictedly diverges. This remarkable feature of the electric-field-induced switching of the bound states can be checked, for example, by the change of the optical properties of the structure when the gate voltage is applied; namely, both the oscillator strength and absorption spectrum exhibit a conspicuous maximum on their $\mathscr{E}$ dependence and turn to zero when the electric intensity reaches its critical value. Comparative analysis of the two-dimensional (2D) and 3D geometries reveals their qualitative similarity and quantitative differences.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures
Phonon-mediated Casimir interaction between finite mass impurities
Creators: name: Pavlov, Andrei I.
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
name: Efremov, Dmitri V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Casimir effect, a two-body interaction via vacuum fluctuations, is a fundamental property of quantum systems. In solid state physics it emerges as a long-range interaction between two impurity atoms via virtual phonons. In the classical limit for the impurity atoms in $D$ dimensions the interaction is known to follow the universal power-law $U(r)\sim r^{-D}$. However, for finite masses of the impurity atoms on a lattice, it was predicted to be $U(r)\sim r^{-2D-1}$ at large distances. We examine how one power-law can change into another with increase of the impurity mass and in presence of an external potential. We provide the exact solution for the system in one-dimension. At large distances indeed $U(r)\sim r^{-3}$ for finite impurity masses, while for the infinite impurity masses or in an external potential it crosses over to $U(r)\sim r^{-1}$ . At short distances the Casimir interaction is not universal and depends on the impurity mass and the external potential.
description: 5+7 pages, 5+6 figures
Constraining Supergravity Scenarios through the $b\to s,γ$ Decay.
Creators: name: de Carlos, B.
name: Casas, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the branching ratio BR($b\rightarrow s,γ$) in the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM), determining the corresponding phenomenological restrictions on two attractive supergravity scenarios, namely minimal supergravity and a class of models with a natural solution to the $μ$ problem. We have included in the calculation some one--loop refinements that have a substantial impact on the results. The numerical results show some disagreements with part of the previous results in the literature, while they are in agreement with others. For minimal supergravity the CLEO upper and lower bounds put important restrictions on the scalar and gaugino masses in both cases $μ<0$ and $μ>0$. For the other supergravity scenarios the relevant CLEO bound is the upper one. It is stressed the fact that an eventual improvement of the experimental bounds of order $10^{-4}$ would strengthen the restrictions on the MSSM dramatically. This would be enough to discard these supergravity scenarios with $μ<0$ if no discrepancy is found with the standard model prediction, while for $μ>0$ there will remain low-energy windows.
description: 13 pages + 8 figures included in a separate file, Latex, requires psfig.sty. We have corrected a mistake affecting some figures and their corresponding quotations in the text, as well as several misprints.
Sima fictrix Forel, 1897, nov. sp.
Creators: name: Forel, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1897
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Hexapoda
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Sima
Sima fictrix

description: Sima fictrix nov. sp.
[[worker]]. Nahe S. sahlbergi. L. 6,5 mm. Mandibeln rechtwinklig geknickt nahe der Basis, mit drei scharfen und zwei sehr stumpfen Zaehnen, grob gestreift; ziemlich glaenzend, zerstreut punktiert. Clypeus in der Mitte mit einem stark vorspringenden Lappen, der drei starke, breite Zaehne hat, Kopf laenglich rechteckig, um die Haelfte laenger als breit. Stirnleisten scharf, hoch, parallel. Der Fuehlerschaft erreicht die Mitte zwischen Fuehlerwurzel und Hinterhauptrand. Die 3. bis 6. Geisselglieder eher dicker als lang. Thorax gleichmaessig der Laenge nach gewoelbt. Basalflaeche des Metanotum so lang wie die abschuessige, gerundet in dieselbe uebergehend. Petiolus des ersten Stielchengliedes kuerzer als die Haelfte des oben gleichmaessig und ziemlich seicht nach vorn und hinten gewoelbten Knotens, der, von oben besehen, gut zweimal laenger als breit, an beiden Enden verschmaelert aussieht. Zweites Stielchenglied laenger als breit, nach hinten verbreitert. Abdomen schmal.
Glatt, glaenzend, sehr zerstreut punktiert, stellenweise, besonders am Metanotum, sehr seicht und zart genetzt, zerstreut (am Fuehlerschaft und an den Schienen etwas reichlicher) fein gelblich und spitz abstehend behaart, fast ohne anliegende Pubescenz. Roetlichbraun; Abdomen und Fuehlerkeule gelblichbraun, Fuehler und Beine hellgelb. Fluegel fast wasserhell, mit braeunlichen Rippen und Randmal.
Nossi-Be (Dr. Voeltzkow).
description: Published as part of Forel, A., 1897, Ameisen aus Nossi-Bé, Majunga, Juan de Nova (Madagaskar), den Aldabra-Inseln und Sansibar. Gesammelt von Herrn Dr. A. Voeltzkow aus Berlin., pp. 185-208 in Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 21 on page 198, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11542
Additional file 3: of Dairy intake revisited – associations between dairy intake and lifestyle related cardio-metabolic risk factors in a high milk consuming population
Creators: name: Johansson, Ingegerd
name: Nilsson, Lena
name: Esberg, Anders
name: Jan-Håkan Jansson
name: Winkvist, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Odds ratio (95% CI limits) from multivariable logistic regression models for the association of being classified with an undesirable level of blood pressure (defined as diastolic blood pressure ≥ 130 or systolic blood pressure ≥ 80) and increasing quintile groups (Q1 to Q5) for intake of dairy products. Q1, which represents the lowest intake, was the reference category. Statistically significant p-values are given in superscript. (DOCX 34 kb)
Finite-Time Resilient Formation Control with Bounded Inputs
Creators: name: Usevitch, James
name: Garg, Kunal
name: Panagou, Dimitra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper we consider the problem of a multi-agent system achieving a formation in the presence of misbehaving or adversarial agents. We introduce a novel continuous time resilient controller to guarantee that normally behaving agents can converge to a formation with respect to a set of leaders. The controller employs a norm-based filtering mechanism, and unlike most prior algorithms, also incorporates input bounds. In addition, the controller is shown to guarantee convergence in finite time. A sufficient condition for the controller to guarantee convergence is shown to be a graph theoretical structure which we denote as Resilient Directed Acyclic Graph (RDAG). Further, we employ our filtering mechanism on a discrete time system which is shown to have exponential convergence. Our results are demonstrated through simulations.
A spectral study of gamma-ray emitting AGN
Creators: name: Pohl, M.
name: Hartman, R. C.
name: Jones, B. B.
name: Sreekumar, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a statistical analysis of the gamma-ray spectra of flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQ) compared to those of BL Lacs. The average spectra and possible systematic deviations from power-law behaviour are investigated by summing up the intensity and the power-law fit statistic for both classes of objects. We also compare the time-averaged spectrum to that at the time of gamma-ray outbursts. The spectrum of the average AGN is softer than that of the extragalactic gamma-ray background. It may be that BL Lacs, which on average have a harder spectrum than FSRQs, make up the bulk of the extragalactic background. We also find apparent cut-offs at both low and high energies in the spectra of FSRQs at the time of gamma-ray outbursts. While the cut-off at high energies may have something to do with opacity, the cut-off at low energies may be taken as indication that the gamma-ray emission of FSRQs is not a one component spectrum.
description: 8 pages, accepted for publication in A&A
Topological susceptibility in full QCD at zero and finite temperature
Creators: name: Alles, B.
name: D'Elia, M.
name: Di Giacomo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the topological susceptibility $χ$ on the lattice for full QCD with 2 and 4 flavours of staggered fermions at zero and finite temperature T. We find that $χ$ presents a sharp drop across the deconfinement transition. We also study the dependence of $χ$ on the quark mass at T=0: we have no conclusive evidence for the expected chiral behaviour.
description: latex source, 8 pages, 4 figures
Energy dependence of $ϕ$(1020) meson production in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the CERN SPS
Creators: name: Rozpłochowski, Łukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents preliminary results from the NA61/SHINE experiment on $ϕ$ meson production in central Ar+Sc collisions at beam momenta of 150$A$, 75$A$, and 40$A$ GeV/$c$ (corresponding to $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 16.8, 11.9, and 8.8 GeV, respectively). These results include double differential distributions in rapidity ($y$) and transverse momentum ($p_T$), as well as $p_T$-integrated rapidity distributions and total $ϕ$ yields. Additionally, the widths of the rapidity distributions of $ϕ$ and $ϕ/π$ yield ratios are compared to those from Pb+Pb and \pp reactions. Notably, this work represents the first-ever measurements of $ϕ$ production in a mid-sized system at SPS energies.
description: Submitted to Proceedings from The 21st International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter, SQM 2024, 3-7 Jun 2024, Strasbourg, France
A Proposal to Revise and Simplify the Disruption Indicator
Creators: name: Leydesdorff, Loet
name: Tekles, Alexander
name: Lutz, Borman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The disruption index (DI) based on bibliographic coupling and uncoupling between the citations of a document and its cited references, was first proposed by Funk & Owen-Smith (2017) for citation relations among patents and then adapted for scholarly papers by Wu et al. (2019). However, Wu & Wu (2019) argued that this indicator would be “inconsistent.” We propose a revised disruption index (DI*) which makes the indicator theoretically more robust and consistent. Along similar lines, Chen et al. (2020) developed the indicator into two dimensions: disruption and consolidation. The sometimes small, but significant improvements are elaborated in simulations and empirically in our study. The relation between “disruption” and bibliographic coupling is further specified.
Dyons in N=4 Supersymmetric Theories and Three-Pronged Strings
Creators: name: Lee, Kimyeong
name: Yi, Piljin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct and explore BPS states that preserve 1/4 of supersymmetry in N=4 Yang-Mills theories. Such states are also realized as three-pronged strings ending on D3-branes. We correct the electric part of the BPS equation and relate its solutions to the unbroken abelian gauge group generators. Generic 1/4-BPS solitons are not spherically symmetric, but consist of two or more dyonic components held apart by a delicate balance between static electromagnetic force and scalar Higgs force. The instability previously found in three-pronged string configurations is due to excessive repulsion by one of these static forces. We also present an alternate construction of these 1/4-BPS states from quantum excitations around a magnetic monopole, and build up the supermultiplet for arbitrary (quantized) electric charge. The degeneracy and the highest spin of the supermultiplet increase linearly with a relative electric charge. We conclude with comments.
description: 33 pages, two figures, LaTex, a footnote added, the figure caption of Fig.2 expanded, one more reference
Learning to Improve Capture Steps for Disturbance Rejection in Humanoid Soccer
Creators: name: Missura, Marcell
name: Münstermann, Cedrick
name: Allgeuer, Philipp
name: Schwarz, Max
name: Pastrana, Julio
name: Schueller, Sebastian
name: Schreiber, Michael
name: Behnke, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the past few years, soccer-playing humanoid robots have advanced significantly. Elementary skills, such as bipedal walking, visual perception, and collision avoidance have matured enough to allow for dynamic and exciting games. When two robots are fighting for the ball, they frequently push each other and balance recovery becomes crucial. In this paper, we report on insights we gained from systematic push experiments performed on a bipedal model and outline an online learning method we used to improve its push-recovery capabilities. In addition, we describe how the localization ambiguity introduced by the uniform goal color was resolved and report on the results of the RoboCup 2013 competition.
description: RoboCup 2013: Robot World Cup XVII, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 8371, pp. 56-67, Springer, 2014
Additional file 3: of Bioinformatics and DNA-extraction strategies to reliably detect genetic variants from FFPE breast tissue samples
Creators: name: Bhagwate, Aditya
name: Liu, Yuanhang
name: Winham, Stacey
name: McDonough, Samantha
name: Stallings-Mann, Melody
name: Heinzen, Ethan
name: Davila, Jaime
name: Vierkant, Robert
name: Hoskin, Tanya
name: Frost, Marlene
name: Carter, Jodi
name: Radisky, Derek
name: Cunningham, Julie
name: Degnim, Amy
name: Wang, Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Virology

description: Table showing substitution frequency distributions for all the study samples (DOCX 15 kb)
Technomyrmex madecassus Forel, 1897, nov. sp.
Creators: name: Forel, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1897
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Technomyrmex
Technomyrmex madecassus

description: Technomyrmex madecassus nov. sp.
[[worker]] L. 2,7 mm. Groesser und schlanker als T. albipes. Fuehlerschaft ungefaehr um 1 / 4 seiner Laenge den Hinterhauptsrand ueberragend. Alle Geisselglieder viel laenger als dick. Clypeus breit ausgerandet. Pro-mesonotum schwach gewoelbt. Basalflaeche des Metanotum sehr kurz, nur 1 / 3 so lang wie die abschuessige; aber die letztere, wie bei albipes, scharf schief gestutzt. Kopf laenger als breit, mit deutlichem Hinterrand.
Das ganze Insekt (auch das Metanotum) schwach, aber ueberall gleichmaessig glaenzend; ziemlich seicht genetzt und mit einer feinen, gelblichen Pubescenz ungefaehr wie bei albipes bedeckt; die Skulptur ist aber viel schwaecher als bei letzter Art. Koerper sehr zerstreut abstehend behaart; Schaft und Schienen ohne Borstenhaare.
Schmutzig gelblich; Kopf roetlich gelbbraun; Abdomen braeunlichgelb.
Nossi-Be (Dr. Voeltzkow). Jedenfalls nahe luteus Emery, aber groesser; Chitin fester, nicht matt. Metanotum anders.
description: Published as part of Forel, A., 1897, Ameisen aus Nossi-Bé, Majunga, Juan de Nova (Madagaskar), den Aldabra-Inseln und Sansibar. Gesammelt von Herrn Dr. A. Voeltzkow aus Berlin., pp. 185-208 in Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 21 on page 199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11542
Peculiar Velocities of Clusters in CDM Models
Creators: name: Borgani, S.
name: da Costa, L. N.
name: Freudling, W.
name: Giovanelli, R.
name: Haynes, M. P.
name: Salzer, J.
name: Wegner, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, peculiar velocity measurements became available for a new sample of galaxy clusters. From an accurately calibrated Tully-Fisher relation for spiral galaxies, we compute the rms cluster peculiar velocity and compare it to the linear theory predictions of COBE-normalized low-density and open CDM models (LambdaCDM and OCDM, respectively). Confidence levels for model rejection are estimated using a Monte Carlo procedure to generate for each model a large ensemble of artificial data sets. Following Zaroubi et al. (1997), we express our results in terms of constraints on the (Omega_0,n_pr,h) parameter space. Such constraints turn into sigma_8 Omega_0^{0.6}=0.50^{+0.25}_{-0.14} at the 90% c.l., thus in agreement with results from cluster abundance. We show that our constraints are also consistent with those implied by the shape of the galaxy power spectrum within a rather wide range for the values of the model parameters. Finally, we point out that our findings disagree at about the 3sigma level with respect to those by Zaroubi et al. (1997), based on the Mark III catalogue, which tend to prefer larger Omega_0 values within the CDM class of models.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX, 1 Table and 2 PostScript figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Ongoing magnetic monopole searches with IceCube
Creators: name: Lauber, Frederik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The IceCube collaboration has instrumented a cubic kilometer of ice with $5160$ photo-multipliers. While mainly developed to detect Cherenkov light, any visible light can be used to detect particles within the ice. Magnetic monopoles are hypothetical particles predicted by many theories that extend the Standard model of Particle Physics. They are carriers of a single elementary magnetic charge. For this particle, different light production mechanisms dominate from direct Cherenkov light at highly relativistic velocities $\left(>0.76\,c\right)$, indirect Cherenkov light at mildly relativistic velocities $\left(\approx 0.5\,c \textrm{ to } 0.76\,c\right)$, luminescence light at low relativistic velocities $\left( \gtrsim 0.1\,c \textrm{ to } 0.5\,c\right)$, as well as catalysis of proton decay at non relativistic velocities $\left(\lesssim 0.1\,c\right)$. For each of this speed ranges, searches for magnetic monopoles at the IceCube experiment are either in progress or they have already set the world's best limits on the flux of magnetic monopoles. A summary of these searches will be presented, outlining already existing results as well as methods used by the currently conducted searches.
description: Conference proceedings from 6th International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics (ICNFP 2017) from August 17th to 29th of 2017 at the Conference Center of the Orthodox Academy of Creta (OAC) in Kolymbari (Crete), Greece, 8 pages, 8 figures
Analyzing black-hole ringdowns II: data conditioning
Creators: name: Siegel, Harrison
name: Isi, Maximiliano
name: Farr, Will M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time series data from observations of black hole ringdown gravitational waves are often analyzed in the time domain by using damped sinusoid models with acyclic boundary conditions. Data conditioning operations, including downsampling, filtering, and the choice of data segment duration, reduce the computational cost of such analyses and can improve numerical stability. Here we analyze simulated damped sinsuoid signals to illustrate how data conditioning operations, if not carefully applied, can undesirably alter the analysis' posterior distributions. We discuss how currently implemented downsampling and filtering methods, if applied too aggressively, can introduce systematic errors and skew tests of general relativity. These issues arise because current downsampling and filtering methods do not operate identically on the data and model. Alternative downsampling and filtering methods which identically operate on the data and model may be achievable, but we argue that the current operations can still be implemented safely. We also show that our preferred anti-alias filtering technique, which has an instantaneous frequency-domain response at its roll-off frequency, preserves the structure of posterior distributions better than other commonly used filters with transient frequency-domain responses. Lastly, we highlight that exceptionally long data segments may need to be analyzed in cases where thin lines in the noise power spectral density overlap with central signal frequencies. Our findings may be broadly applicable to any analysis of truncated time domain data with acyclic boundary conditions.
description: Data Release: https://github.com/HarrisonS-Phys/ringdown-data-conditioning Updates: Revised Eq. 8 and associated discussion throughout, corrected typos, added references
Narrative Player: Reviving Data Narratives with Visuals
Creators: name: Shao, Zekai
name: Shen, Leixian
name: Li, Haotian
name: Shan, Yi
name: Qu, Huamin
name: Wang, Yun
name: Chen, Siming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data-rich documents are commonly found across various fields such as business, finance, and science. However, a general limitation of these documents for reading is their reliance on text to convey data and facts. Visual representation of text aids in providing a satisfactory reading experience in comprehension and engagement. However, existing work emphasizes presenting the insights of local text context, rather than fully conveying data stories within the whole paragraphs and engaging readers. To provide readers with satisfactory data stories, this paper presents Narrative Player, a novel method that automatically revives data narratives with consistent and contextualized visuals. Specifically, it accepts a paragraph and corresponding data table as input and leverages LLMs to characterize the clauses and extract contextualized data facts. Subsequently, the facts are transformed into a coherent visualization sequence with a carefully designed optimization-based approach. Animations are also assigned between adjacent visualizations to enable seamless transitions. Finally, the visualization sequence, transition animations, and audio narration generated by text-to-speech technologies are rendered into a data video. The evaluation results showed that the automatic-generated data videos were well-received by participants and experts for enhancing reading.
description: Accepted by IEEE TVCG
Applying the FAIR Principles to computational workflows
Creators: name: Wilkinson, Sean R.
name: Aloqalaa, Meznah
name: Belhajjame, Khalid
name: Crusoe, Michael R.
name: Kinoshita, Bruno de Paula
name: Gadelha, Luiz
name: Garijo, Daniel
name: Gustafsson, Ove Johan Ragnar
name: Juty, Nick
name: Kanwal, Sehrish
name: Khan, Farah Zaib
name: Köster, Johannes
name: Gehlen, Karsten Peters-von
name: Pouchard, Line
name: Rannow, Randy K.
name: Soiland-Reyes, Stian
name: Soranzo, Nicola
name: Sufi, Shoaib
name: Sun, Ziheng
name: Vilne, Baiba
name: Wouters, Merridee A.
name: Yuen, Denis
name: Goble, Carole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent trends within computational and data sciences show an increasing recognition and adoption of computational workflows as tools for productivity and reproducibility that also democratize access to platforms and processing know-how. As digital objects to be shared, discovered, and reused, computational workflows benefit from the FAIR principles, which stand for Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable. The Workflows Community Initiative's FAIR Workflows Working Group (WCI-FW), a global and open community of researchers and developers working with computational workflows across disciplines and domains, has systematically addressed the application of both FAIR data and software principles to computational workflows. We present recommendations with commentary that reflects our discussions and justifies our choices and adaptations. These are offered to workflow users and authors, workflow management system developers, and providers of workflow services as guidelines for adoption and fodder for discussion. The FAIR recommendations for workflows that we propose in this paper will maximize their value as research assets and facilitate their adoption by the wider community.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure, 1 table
Camponotus kelleri var. invalidus Forel, 1897, n. var.
Creators: name: Forel, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1897
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Camponotus
Camponotus kelleri
Camponotus kelleri forel v. invalidus

description: Camponotus kelleri Forel v. invalidus n. var.
[[worker]] L. 4,5 bis 6,3 mm. Kleiner als der Typus. Koerperfarbe etwas dunkler. Beine etwas heller abstechend. Gelbe Flecken des kleineren Hinterleibes undeutlicher. Sonst gleich.
Nossi-Be, wie die Stammart (Dr. Voeltzkow).
description: Published as part of Forel, A., 1897, Ameisen aus Nossi-Bé, Majunga, Juan de Nova (Madagaskar), den Aldabra-Inseln und Sansibar. Gesammelt von Herrn Dr. A. Voeltzkow aus Berlin., pp. 185-208 in Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 21 on page 200, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11542
Deep Pictorial Gaze Estimation
Creators: name: Park, Seonwook
name: Spurr, Adrian
name: Hilliges, Otmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Estimating human gaze from natural eye images only is a challenging task. Gaze direction can be defined by the pupil- and the eyeball center where the latter is unobservable in 2D images. Hence, achieving highly accurate gaze estimates is an ill-posed problem. In this paper, we introduce a novel deep neural network architecture specifically designed for the task of gaze estimation from single eye input. Instead of directly regressing two angles for the pitch and yaw of the eyeball, we regress to an intermediate pictorial representation which in turn simplifies the task of 3D gaze direction estimation. Our quantitative and qualitative results show that our approach achieves higher accuracies than the state-of-the-art and is robust to variation in gaze, head pose and image quality.
Additional file 1: of Physiological predictors of reproductive performance in the European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
Creators: name: Fowler, Melinda
name: MĂŠlissa Paquet
name: VĂŠronique Legault
name: Cohen, Alan
name: Williams, Tony
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Physiological predictors of reproductive performance in the European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris). (DOCX 2220 kb)
QED Effective Action at Finite Temperature: Two-Loop Dominance
Creators: name: Gies, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the two-loop effective action of QED for arbitrary constant electromagnetic fields at finite temperature T in the limit of T much smaller than the electron mass. It is shown that in this regime the two-loop contribution always exceeds the influence of the one-loop part due to the thermal excitation of the internal photon. As an application, we study light propagation and photon splitting in the presence of a magnetic background field at low temperature. We furthermore discover a thermally induced contribution to pair production in electric fields.
description: 34 pages, 4 figures, LaTeX
Darboux evaluations for hypergeometric functions with the projective monodromy PSL(2,F7)
Creators: name: Vidunas, Raimundas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34A05, 33C20, 34M15, 11F03

description: Algebraic hypergeometric functions can be compactly expressed as radical functions on pull-back curves where the monodromy group is simpler, say, a finite cyclic group. These so-called Darboux evaluations were already considered for algebraic 2F1-functions. This article presents Darboux evaluations for the classical case of 3F2-functions with the projective monodromy group PSL(2,F7). As an application, appealing modular evaluations of the same 3F2-functions are derived.
description: Coordinated with arxiv:1809.01502; 37 pages, 2 tables
Fourier PINNs: From Strong Boundary Conditions to Adaptive Fourier Bases
Creators: name: Cooley, Madison
name: Shankar, Varun
name: Kirby, Robert M.
name: Zhe, Shandian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Interest is rising in Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) as a mesh-free alternative to traditional numerical solvers for partial differential equations (PDEs). However, PINNs often struggle to learn high-frequency and multi-scale target solutions. To tackle this problem, we first study a strong Boundary Condition (BC) version of PINNs for Dirichlet BCs and observe a consistent decline in relative error compared to the standard PINNs. We then perform a theoretical analysis based on the Fourier transform and convolution theorem. We find that strong BC PINNs can better learn the amplitudes of high-frequency components of the target solutions. However, constructing the architecture for strong BC PINNs is difficult for many BCs and domain geometries. Enlightened by our theoretical analysis, we propose Fourier PINNs -- a simple, general, yet powerful method that augments PINNs with pre-specified, dense Fourier bases. Our proposed architecture likewise learns high-frequency components better but places no restrictions on the particular BCs or problem domains. We develop an adaptive learning and basis selection algorithm via alternating neural net basis optimization, Fourier and neural net basis coefficient estimation, and coefficient truncation. This scheme can flexibly identify the significant frequencies while weakening the nominal frequencies to better capture the target solution's power spectrum. We show the advantage of our approach through a set of systematic experiments.
description: 37 pages, 21 figures
A Study of Finite-time Singularities of Loop Quantum Cosmology Interacting Multifluids
Creators: name: Odintsov, S. D.
name: Oikonomou, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study the occurrence of finite-time cosmological singularities in a cosmological system comprising from three fluids. Particularly, the system contains two dark fluids, namely that of dark energy and dark matter, which are interacting, and of a non-interacting baryonic fluid. For the study we adopt the phase space approach by constructing the cosmological dynamical system in such a way so that it rendered to be an autonomous polynomial dynamical system, and in order to achieve this, we appropriately choose the variables of the dynamical system. By employing a rigid mathematical framework, that of dominant balances analysis, we demonstrate that there exist non-singular solutions of the dynamical system, which correspond to a general set of initial conditions, which proves that no Big Rip or Type III finite-time singularities occur in this LQC multifluid dynamical system. Thus the new feature of this work is that we are able to do this using an analytic technique instead of adopting a numerical approach. In addition, we perform a fixed point analysis of the cosmological dynamical system, and we examine the behavior of the total effective equation of state parameter, at the fixed points, as a function of the free parameters of the system. Finally, we investigate the phenomenological implications of the dark energy equation of state which we assumed that it governs the dark energy fluid.
description: PRD Accepted
Matter Enhanced Neutrino Oscillations with a Realistic Earth Density Profile
Creators: name: Freund, Martin
name: Ohlsson, Tommy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated matter enhanced neutrino oscillations with a mantle-core-mantle step function and a realistic Earth matter density profile in both a two and a three neutrino scenario. We found that the realistic Earth matter density profile can be well approximated with the mantle-core-mantle step function and that there could be an influence on the oscillation channel $ν_μ\to ν_τ$ due to resonant enhancement of one of the mixing angles.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures (PostScript), MPLA LaTeX
Camponotus maculatus subsp. hova var. maculatoides Forel, 1897, n. var.
Creators: name: Forel, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1897
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Camponotus
Camponotus maculatus
Camponotus maculatus f. r. hova for. v. maculatoides

description: Camponotus maculatus F. r. hova For. v. maculatoides n. var.
[[worker]] L. 8,6 bis fast 13 mm. Farbe des C. hova. Skulptur, besonders des Kopfes, mehr matt, wie bei maculatus i. sp. Die Statur ist groesser als bei beiden; die Form entspricht aber mehr dem weniger schlanken hova. Die Wangen ohne Haare, die sehr spaerliche Behaarung ueberhaupt stimmt aber wieder mehr mit maculatus ueberein.
Nossi-Be (Dr. Voeltzkow).
description: Published as part of Forel, A., 1897, Ameisen aus Nossi-Bé, Majunga, Juan de Nova (Madagaskar), den Aldabra-Inseln und Sansibar. Gesammelt von Herrn Dr. A. Voeltzkow aus Berlin., pp. 185-208 in Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 21 on page 200, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11542
Space-based optical lattice clocks as gravitational wave detectors in search for new physics
Creators: name: Wang, Bo
name: Li, Bichu
name: Xiao, Qianqian
name: Mo, Geyu
name: Cai, Yi-Fu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the sensitivity and performance of space-based Optical Lattice Clocks (OLCs) in detecting gravitational waves, in particular the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) at low frequencies $(10^{-4}, 1) \rm Hz$, which are inaccessible to ground-based detectors. We first analyze the response characteristics of a single OLC detector for SGWB detection and compare its sensitivity with that of Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). Due to longer arm lengths, space-based OLC detectors can exhibit unique frequency responses and enhance the capability to detect SGWB in the low-frequency range, but the sensitivity of a single OLC detector remains insufficient overall compared to LISA. Then, as a preliminary plan, we adopt a method of cross-correlation on two OLC detectors to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This method leverages the uncorrelated origins but statistically similar properties of noise in two detectors while the SGWB signal is correlated between them, thus achieving effective noise suppression and sensitivity enhancement. Future advancements in OLC stability are expected to further enhance their detection performance. This work highlights the potential of OLC detectors as a promising platform for SGWB detection, offering complementary capabilities to LISA, and opening an observational window into more astrophysical sources and the early universe.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 2: of Dairy intake revisited – associations between dairy intake and lifestyle related cardio-metabolic risk factors in a high milk consuming population
Creators: name: Johansson, Ingegerd
name: Nilsson, Lena
name: Esberg, Anders
name: Jan-Håkan Jansson
name: Winkvist, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Odds ratio (95% CI limits) from multivariable logistic regression models for the association of being identified with an undesirable level of blood sugar (≥6.1 mmol/l) and increasing quintile groups (Q1 to Q5) for intake of dairy products. Q1, which represents the lowest intake, is the reference category. Statistically significant p-values are given in superscript. (DOCX 34 kb)
A High-Performance InAs/GaSb Core-Shell Nanowire Line-Tunneling TFET: An Atomistic Mode-Space NEGF Study
Creators: name: Afzalian, Aryan
name: Doornbos, Gerben
name: Shen, Tzer-Min
name: Passlack, Matthiass
name: Wu, Jeff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a tight-binding mode-space NEGF technique, we explore the essential physics, design and performance potential of the III-V core-shell (CS) nanowire (NW) heterojunction TFET. The CS TFET line-tunneling current increases significantly with the core diameter $d_{C}$ and outperforms the best III-V axial point-tunneling NW heterojunction TFET $I_{ON}$ by up to 6x for $d_{C}$ = 6.6 nm. Reaching such a high level of current at low supply voltage, however, requires and involves specific and sometime unanticipated optimizations and physics that are thoroughly investigated here. In spite of the commonly accepted view, we also show and explain the weak gate-length dependency observed for the line-tunneling current in a III-V TFET. We further investigate the effect of electron-phonon scattering and discrete-dopant impurity band tails on optimized CS NW TFETs. Including those non-idealities, the CS-TFET inverter performance significantly outperforms that of the axial TFETs. The low-power (LP) VDD = 0.35V CS-inverter delay is comparable to that of the high-performance (HP) Si CMOS using VDD = 0.55V, which shows promise for a LP TFET technology with HP speed.