cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Study on Scheduling Techniques for Ultra Dense Small Cell Networks
Creators: name: Jafari, Amir H.
name: Lopez-Perez, David
name: Ding, Ming
name: Zhang, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The most promising approach to enhance network capacity for the next generation of wireless cellular networks (5G) is densification, which benefits from the extensive spatial reuse of the spectrum and the reduced distance between transmitters and receivers. In this paper, we examine the performance of different schedulers in ultra dense small cell deployments. Due to the stronger line of sight (LOS) at low inter-site distances (ISDs), we discuss that the Rician fading channel model is more suitable to study network performance than the Rayleigh one, and model the Rician K factor as a function of distance between the user equipment (UE) and its serving base station (BS). We also construct a cross-correlation shadowing model that takes into account the ISD, and finally investigate potential multi-user diversity gains in ultra dense small cell deployments by comparing the performances of proportional fair (PF) and round robin (RR) schedulers. Our study shows that as network becomes denser, the LOS component starts to dominate the path loss model which significantly increases the interference. Simulation results also show that multi-user diversity is considerably reduced at low ISDs, and thus the PF scheduling gain over the RR one is small, around 10% in terms of cell throughput. As a result, the RR scheduling may be preferred for dense small cell deployments due to its simplicity. Despite both the interference aggravation as well as the multi-user diversity loss, network densification is still worth it from a capacity view point.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, Accepted to IEEE VTC-Fall 2015 Boston
Metal Abundances of KISS Galaxies. V. Nebular Abundances of Fifteen Intermediate Luminosity Star-Forming Galaxies
Creators: name: Hirschauer, Alec S.
name: Salzer, John J.
name: Bresolin, Fabio
name: Saviane, Ivo
name: Yegorova, Irina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high S/N spectroscopy of 15 emission-line galaxies (ELGs) cataloged in the KPNO International Spectroscopic Survey (KISS), selected for their possession of high equivalent width [O III] lines. The primary goal of this study was to attempt to derive direct-method ($T_e$) abundances for use in constraining the upper-metallicity branch of the $R_{23}$ relation. The spectra cover the full optical region from [O II]λλ3726,3729 to [S III]λλ9069,9531 and include the measurement of [O III]λ4363 in 13 objects. From these spectra, we determine abundance ratios of helium, nitrogen, oxygen, neon, sulfur, and argon. We find these galaxies to predominantly possess oxygen abundances in the range of 8.0 $\lesssim$ 12+log(O/H) $\lesssim$ 8.3. We present a comparison of direct-method abundances with empirical SEL techniques, revealing several discrepancies. We also present a comparison of direct-method oxygen abundance calculations using electron temperatures determined from emission lines of O$^{++}$ and S$^{++}$, finding a small systematic shift to lower $T_e$ (~1184 K) and higher metallicity (~0.14 dex) for sulfur-derived $T_e$ compared to oxygen-derived $T_e$. Finally, we explore in some detail the different spectral activity types of targets in our sample, including regular star-forming galaxies, those with suspected AGN contamination, and a local pair of low-metallicity, high-luminosity compact objects.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal; 26 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables
Perfectionism, Goal Pursuit, and Work-Related Outcomes: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective
Creators: name: Cohen, Jessica
name: Milyavskaya, Marina
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Motivation
subject: Perfectionism
subject: Self-Determination Theory
subject: Workplace

description: Adopting a self-determination theory perspective, the present study will investigate how two forms of perfectionism at work, personal standards and self-critical perfectionism, differentially impact goal pursuit, motivation, and various work-related outcomes among employees. Previous research has suggested that both forms of perfectionism are differentially related with goal progress for personal goals, indicating that personal standards perfectionists make better progress than self-critical perfectionists, and goal motivation has been shown to mediate these relations. The present study will investigate how both forms of perfectionism impact goal progress for work-related goals, and whether goal and work motivation mediate these relationships. In addition, organizational research has shown that burnout, workaholism, negative affect, and job dissatisfaction are costly issues. The present study will investigate how both forms of perfectionism impact these work-related outcomes, and how work motivation mediates these relationships. The present study will utilize a 3-wave longitudinal design to further understand the antecedents of these work-related outcomes and the mechanisms behind them.
THERMAL ANALYSIS OF VENTED DISC AND OPTIMIZATION OFTHE SHAPE OF THE VENTED CURVES IN AALRT
Creators: name: Berhane Tafere
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: The disc brake is a device for slowing or stopping the rotation of a wheel. Braking of the vehicle leads to heat generation during each braking event. Transient thermal analysis of the Rotor Disc of Disk Brake is aimed at evaluating the performance of ventilated disc brake rotor of a rail vehicle under emergency braking conditions and there by assist in optimization the curves of the shape of ventilated disc to identified the thermal analysis effect during braking. Here Disc brake modeled with CATIA software and its analysis is done using ANSYS workbench 12 with considering CFD-cfx package software. The main purpose of this study is to analyzing the thermal behavior of the ventilated disc brake during the braking phase by optimization the shapes of the curves of the vented disc and compare results. The coupled thermal-structural analysis is used to determine the Von Mises stress established in the disc for ventilated disc with the same materials and other data from ERC to enhance performance of the rotor disc.
Federal Outlays in Fiscal 1976: A Comparison of Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Areas
Creators: name: Reid, J. Norman
name: Godsey, W. Maureen
name: Hines, Fred K.
name: Reid, J. Norman
name: Godsey, W. Maureen
name: Hines, Fred K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Public Economics
subject: Federal outlays
subject: Federal spending

description: Of the $385.2 billion in Federal Government outlays reported by the Community Services Administration for fiscal 1976, $314.5 billion can be traced to individual counties. Over 76 percent of these outlays were made in metropolitan counties. Since the population in metropolitan counties in 1975 comprised 72.8 percent of the U.S. total, per capita Federal outlays were higher in metropolitan areas ($1,555) than in nonmetropolitan areas ($1,271). Regionally, per capita outlays were highest in the West ($1,887) and South ($1,599) and below average in the Northeastern ($1,323) and North Central ($1,192) regions. For all regions, per capita outlays were highest in declining metropolitan counties and lowest in growing nonmetropolitan counties.
Terahertz ratchet effects in graphene with a lateral superlattice
Creators: name: Olbrich, P.
name: Kamann, J.
name: König, M.
name: Munzert, J.
name: Tutsch, L.
name: Eroms, J.
name: Weiss, D.
name: Liu, Ming-Hao
name: Golub, L. E.
name: Ivchenko, E. L.
name: Popov, V. V.
name: Fateev, D. V.
name: Mashinsky, K. V.
name: Fromm, F.
name: Seyller, Th.
name: Ganichev, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental and theoretical studies on ratchet effects in graphene with a lateral superlattice excited by alternating electric fields of terahertz frequency range are presented. A lateral superlatice deposited on top of monolayer graphene is formed either by periodically repeated metal stripes having different widths and spacings or by inter-digitated comb-like dual-grating-gate (DGG) structures. We show that the ratchet photocurrent excited by terahertz radiation and sensitive to the radiation polarization state can be efficiently controlled by the back gate driving the system through the Dirac point as well as by the lateral asymmetry varied by applying unequal voltages to the DGG subgratings. The ratchet photocurrent includes the Seebeck thermoratchet effect as well as the effects of "linear" and "circular" ratchets, sensitive to the corresponding polarization of the driving electromagnetic force. The experimental data are analyzed for the electronic and plasmonic ratchets taking into account the calculated potential profile and the near field acting on carriers in graphene. We show that the photocurrent generation is based on a combined action of a spatially periodic in-plane potential and the spatially modulated light due to the near field effects of the light diffraction.
State Taxation of Mineral Deposits and Production
Creators: name: Stinson, Thomas F.
name: Stinson, Thomas F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Public Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: taxes
subject: local government
subject: economic development
subject: minerals
subject: mineral production
subject: State laws

description: Four alternative ways of taxing minerals--ad valorem taxes, gross proceeds taxes, net proceeds taxes, and severance taxes--are described and evaluated. Taxes are compared on the bases of ease of administration, social justice, consistency with national economic goals, and revenue adequacy. The gross production tax and the severance tax are the most desirable, with the gross production tax preferred except when the market price of the mineral is difficult to establish. The report also provides summaries of the mineral tax laws as of January 1978 for each of the major mineral-producing States.
"Not a Square Inch:" Abraham Kuyper and the Role of Epistemology in Shaping the American Evangelical Response to Modernity
Creators: name: McKnight, Matthew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Spanning from 1898 to the rise of the Christian Right in the late 20th century, this thesis traces the role of epistemology in shaping how American evangelicals responded to modernity.
ZZ production at the LHC: fiducial cross sections and distributions in NNLO QCD
Creators: name: Grazzini, Massimiliano
name: Kallweit, Stefan
name: Rathlev, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider QCD radiative corrections to the production of four charged leptons in the ZZ signal region at the LHC. We report on the complete calculation of the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) corrections to this process in QCD perturbation theory. Numerical results are presented for $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV, using typical selection cuts applied by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations. The NNLO corrections increase the NLO fiducial cross section by about $15\%$, and they have a relatively small impact on the shape of the considered kinematical distributions. In the case of the $ΔΦ$ distribution of the two Z candidates, the NNLO corrections improve the agreement of the theoretical prediction with the CMS data.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Condensation of Galactic Cold Dark Matter
Creators: name: Visinelli, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the steady-state regime describing the density profile of a dark matter halo, if dark matter is treated as a Bose-Einstein condensate. We first solve the fluid equation for "canonical" cold dark matter, obtaining a class of density profiles which includes the Navarro-Frenk-White profile, and which diverge at the halo core. We then solve numerically the equation obtained when an additional "quantum pressure" term is included in the computation of the density profile. The solution to this latter case is finite at the halo core, possibly avoiding the "cuspy halo problem" present in some cold dark matter theories. Within the model proposed, we predict the mass of the cold dark matter particle to be of the order of M_chi c2 = 10^-24 eV, which is of the same order of magnitude as that predicted in ultra-light scalar cold dark matter models. Finally, we derive the differential equation describing perturbations in the density and the pressure of the dark matter fluid.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, Version accepted for publication on JCAP
A Cumulative Risk Model of Low-Income Families in a Behavioral Parent Training Pilot Study
Creators: name: Pittman, Sarah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Cumulative risk or the presence of multiple risk factors that can lead to negative life outcomes is
linked to the development of early onset behavior problems (e.g. noncompliance, oppositionality,
aggression) in young children (Conger et al., 1999; Reno et al., 2006; Shelleby et al., 2014).
This study extends this work by examining the link between cumulative risk and treatment
outcome in low-income families with a child with clinically significant behavior problems, as
well as the extent to which increasing family’s support, competence, and, in turn, autonomy via
technology between sessions mitigates risk. Low-income families (N = 22) enrolled in a pilot
study that compared a standard treatment program, Helping the Noncompliant Child (HNC;
McMahon & Forehand, 2003) with a technology-enhanced version (TE-HNC), which yielded
higher levels of treatment engagement and, in turn, boosted treatment outcome (Jones et al.,
2014). Contrary to study hypotheses, a relatively high number of barriers did not predict families
dropping out of treatment, the effect size of a relatively high number of barriers compared to a
relatively low number of barriers on treatment outcomes was small, and families with more
barriers took fewer, rather than more, sessions to complete treatment. Consistent with
hypotheses, however, families with low (rather than high) barriers randomized to the TE-HNC
(rather than HNC) had the lowest ECBI intensity and problems scores at post-treatment.
Findings and future directions are discussed.
Mid-IR spectra of Pre-Main Sequence Herbig stars: an explanation for the non-detections of water lines
Creators: name: Antonellini, S.
name: Kamp, I.
name: Lahuis, F.
name: Woitke, P.
name: Thi, W. -F.
name: Meijerink, R.
name: Aresu, G.
name: Spaans, M.
name: Güdel, M.
name: Liebhart, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mid-IR detection rate of water lines in disks around Herbig stars disks is about 5\%, while it is around 50\% for disks around TTauri stars. The reason for this is still unclear. In this study, we want to find an explanation for the different detection rates between low mass and high mass pre-main-sequence stars (PMSs) in the mid-IR regime. We run disk models with stellar parameters adjusted to spectral types B9 through M2, using the radiation thermo-chemical disk modeling code ProDiMo. We produce convolved spectra at the resolution of Spitzer IRS, JWST MIRI and VLT VISIR spectrographs. We apply random noise derived from typical Spitzer spectra for a direct comparison with observations. The strength of the mid-IR water lines correlates directly with the luminosity of the central star. We explored a small parameter space around a standard disk model, considering dust-to-gas mass ratio, disk gas mass, mixing coefficient for dust settling, flaring index, dust maximum size and size power law distribution index. The models show that it is possible to suppress the water emission, however, current observations are not sensitive enough to detect mid-IR lines in disks for most of the explored parameters. The presence of noise in the spectra, combined with the high continuum flux (noise level is proportional to the continuum flux), is the most likely explanation for the non detections towards Herbig stars. Mid-IR spectra with resolution higher than 20000 are needed to investigate water in protoplanetary disks. Intrinsic differences in disk structure, e.g. inner gaps, gas-to-dust ratio, dust size and distribution, and inner disk scale height, between Herbig and TTauri star disks are able to explain a lower water detection rate in disks around Herbig stars.
Examining the correlation between the personality traits of aggression and impulsivity with coercive control victimization: A study of students at a southeastern urban university
Creators: name: Chafin, Travis
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2021

description:
Coercive control victimization, a type of intimate partner violence involving Manipulation and subjugation through maladaptive relationship tactics, has begun to garner research attention. In part, research has identified that history of violence, sexual assault, and previous abuse are risk factors for coercive control victimization. What has been less explored is whether personality traits, such as impulsivity and aggression, are linked to victimization. To investigate this possibility, data were obtained from the Biopsychological Correlates of College Victimization Study, a survey of 1,211 U.S. college students attending one university in the Southeast. Students were asked about their coercive control experiences and given assessments to measure dimensions of impulsivity, aggression, and other risk factors. The findings in this study indicate that there is a relationship between coercive control victimization, aggression, and impulsivity. A discussion of implications for policy and prevention is included.
Diverse Backgrounds and Policing
Creators: name: Wilson, Maya
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2021

description:
In recent years, high-profile cases of police violence have garnered national debate around the future of policing and how it will address racial/ethnic bias. Current police recruiting campaigns target diversity, hiring racially and ethnically diverse officers, as a solution to the ongoing tensions between officers and the ethnically/racially diverse communities they serve. Consequently, bias is present in all Americans, as race has culturally constructed American society. This research questions the reliability of an officer's racial/ethnic status as catalysts of change for biases present in police organizations and police practices. More so, this research prompts using diverse experiences from childhood and adolescence as markers of possible implicit bias and internalized prejudice. Police officers from a southeastern city are assessed on their exposure to diversity as children/adolescents. Officers are also assessed using the Harvard Race Implicit Association Test (IAT), which evaluates their levels of implicit racial bias. The Exposure to Diversity Scale (EDS) is constructed to identify diverse experiences throughout childhood and adolescence (primary socialization) that may influence an individual's internalization of prejudice and impact their implicit bias scores. The relationship between the EDS and Harvard's Race Implicit Association Test (IAT) is investigated using bivariate analysis. In conclusion, officers with more diverse experiences tended to have lower levels of implicit racial bias. Experiences with Black police officers, Black businessmen and women, and Black community leaders were negatively significant with IAT scores.
Police Reforms and Citizen Complaints: Utilizing Citizen Complaint Data when Reexamining the State of American Policing
Creators: name: Nuccio, Isabella
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2022

description:
Police violence in the United States has reignited calls for police reform in the past 10 to 15 years. Violent encounters captured on video have reinforced the claims that the current state of the American police needs to be reexamined, given how widespread reform efforts have been published and varied efforts to embrace reform have been implemented. Common reform themes have focused on police transparency, accountability, and training. Some research has examined citizen encounters or the role that community has in a community policing framework. However, citizen complaints have not been utilized or systematically examined as much as they could be. Part of the issue stems from the lack of data or quality of data that is available. This thesis examines citizen complaint data against officers in the New York City Police Department alongside a review of police reformist literature to highlight the gaps in prior research to discuss how reform efforts can benefit from the use of citizen complaint data.
Geofences on the Blockchain: Enabling Decentralized Location-based Services
Creators: name: Victor, Friedhelm
name: Zickau, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 005 Computerprogrammierung, Programme, Daten
subject: blockchain
subject: geofences
subject: smart contracts
subject: location-based services

description: A decentralized ride- or carsharing application is among the early proposals of what smart contracts on blockchains may enable in the future. To facilitate use cases in the field of location-based services (LBS), smart contracts need to receive trustworthy positioning information, and be able to process them. We propose an approach on how geofences can be defined in smart contracts, and how supplied positions can be evaluated on whether they are contained in the geofence or not. The approach relies on existing location encoding systems like Geohashes and S2 cells that can transform polygons into a grid of cells. These can be stored in a smart contract to represent a geofence. An oracle run by a mobile network provider can submit network-based positioning information to the contract, that compares it with the geofence. We evaluate the location encoding systems on their ability to model city geofences and mobile network cell position estimates and analyze the costs associated with storing and evaluating received oracle-positions in an Ethereum-based smart contract implementation. Our results show that S2 encodings perform better than Geohashes, that the one-time cost of geofence definition corresponds linearly with the number of grid cells used, and that the evaluation of oracle-submitted locations does not incur high costs.
Epidemiology and Management of Multi Drug Resistance Bacterial Pathogens in Adult Intensive Care Units in Lower Middle-Income Countries
Creators: name: Saharman, Yulia
name: Verbrugh, Henri
name: Karuniawati, Anis
name: Severin, Juliëtte
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Systematic Scoping Review
Copper-Catalyzed Enantio- and Diastereoselective Carboborylative Cyclizations of Alkynes with Ketones
Creators: name: Liu, Shuang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Herein is reported an enantio- and diastereoselective tandem double borylation/1,2-addition of alkynes with ketones. This reac-tion sets four contiguous stereocenters, including an all carbon quaternary center, and forms three new bonds. A dual catalyst solution was developed to access 5,5 and cyclopentane prod-ucts. The highly substituted hydroxy bis-boronate products are valuable building blocks, amenable to functionalization of the two boronic esters.
Evidence for Fast Interlayer Energy Transfer in MoSe2/WS2 Heterostructures
Creators: name: Kozawa, Daichi
name: Carvalho, Alexandra
name: Verzhbitskiy, Ivan
name: Giustiniano, Francesco
name: Miyauchi, Yuhei
name: Mouri, Shinichiro
name: Neto, A. H. Castro
name: Matsuda, Kazunari
name: Eda, Goki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strongly bound excitons confined in two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors are dipoles with a perfect in-plane orientation. In a vertical stack of semiconducting 2D crystals, such in-plane excitonic dipoles are expected to efficiently couple across van der Waals gap due to strong interlayer Coulomb interaction and exchange their energy. However, previous studies on heterobilayers of group 6 transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) found that the exciton decay dynamics is dominated by interlayer charge transfer (CT) processes. Here, we report an experimental observation of fast interlayer energy transfer (ET) in MoSe2/WS2 heterostructures using photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectroscopy. The temperature dependence of the transfer rates suggests that the ET is Förster-type involving excitons in the WS2 layer resonantly exciting higher-order excitons in the MoSe2 layer. The estimated ET time of the order of 1 ps is among the fastest compared to those reported for other nanostructure hybrid systems such as carbon nanotube bundles. Efficient ET in these systems offers prospects for optical amplification and energy harvesting through intelligent layer engineering.
description: Main text: 14 pages, 5 figures, Supplementary Information: 18 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, Nano Letters (2016)
WDVV Equations
Creators: name: Magri, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper aims to point out a novel geometric characterisation of the WDVV equations of 2D topological field theory.
description: 13 pages
Evaluation of AKR1B10 and SORD mRNA Expression in in vivo and in vitro Models
Creators: name: Gandhi, Anita R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Background: Alcoholic Hepatitis (AH) is the most severe form of alcoholic liver
disease. To identify targets that may be dysregulated in AH, AH patient tissue samples
were deep-sequenced, identifying that AKR1B10 is the most up-regulated and SORD is
down-regulated.
Aims: To use both in vivo and in vitro models to study the induction of AKR1B10 and
SORD mRNA in response to exposure to ethanol or signaling factors.
Methods: AKR1B10 and SORD mRNA expression were analyzed in patients with
various liver diseases, HepG2 cells, VL-17A cells, primary human hepatocytes, and
ethanol-fed mice. RNA was extracted from all samples and gene expression was both
measured and analyzed using real-time qPCR.
Results: AKR1B10 mRNA expression is inducible by EGF in HepG2 cells and primary
human hepatocytes. It is also up-regulated in the presence of ethanol in VL-17A cells.
SORD mRNA expression was not significantly changed in any of the in vitro models
studied, but is up regulated by ethanol exposure in the in vivo mouse model.
Conclusion: AKR1B10 mRNA induction by ethanol and EGF indicates that ethanol or
EGF signaling may play a role in the up-regulation of AKR1B10 in patients with AH. In
addition, due to the lack of significant changes in SORD mRNA expression in the in vitro
models studied, it is important to identify other signaling factors that may dysregulate
AKR1B10 or SORD expression, perform co-cultures, perform additional ethanol
exposure experiments, and measure sorbitol levels in patients with AH.
Why Do Prestige-Oriented People Only Act Somewhat Prosocially? The Fear of Losing Prestige Hypothesis
Creators: name: Stark, Maximilian
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Via two economic games, we try to establish whether the reason why prestige-oriented individuals only act prosocially to a limited degree is because they fear a possible loss in prestige if they are unable or unwilling to keep up a large contribution later.
Haantjes Manifolds and Veselov Systems
Creators: name: Magri, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel geometric interpretation of the solutions of the WDVV equations formerly found by A.P. Veselov is suggested.
description: 18 pages
Variable cosmological term $Λ(t)$
Creators: name: Socorro, J.
name: D'oleire, M.
name: Pimentel, Luis O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C15

description: We present the case of time-varying cosmological term $Λ(t)$. The main idea arises by proposing that as in the cosmological constant case, the scalar potential is identified as $ V(ϕ)=2Λ$, with $Λ$ a constant, this identification should be kept even when the cosmological term has a temporal dependence, i.e., $ V(ϕ(t))=2Λ(t)$. We Use the Lagrangian formalism for a scalar field $ϕ$ with standard kinetic energy and arbitrary potential $V(ϕ)$ and apply this model to the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW)cosmology. Exact solutions of the field equations are obtained by a special ansatz to solve the Einstein-Klein-Gordon equation and a particular potential for the scalar field and barotropic perfect fluid. We present the evolution on this cosmological term with different scenarios.
description: Latex source, 12 pages, 3 figures, accepted in Astrophysics Space Science
Overeducation and College Major Choice: Are Women Different?
Creators: name: Hallowell, Sarah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: In this paper I examine the gender dynamics of overeducation, a phenomenon defined as the possession of more schooling than necessary to enter an occupation. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 cohort combined with required schooling measures from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, I am able to analyze whether college major choices have a significant impact on the probability of overeducation. Overeducation affects 46.8% of male college graduates and 43.8% of female college graduates in the sample. By utilizing both OLS and probit regression analysis techniques, I find that overeducation helps to explain a very small portion of the gender wage gap, and that females in this survey are, on average, 4.3% less likely than males to be overeducated. There is considerable variation in the probability of overeducation across fields of study, with engineering, education, and computers/mathematics majors boasting the lowest rates of overeducation. In these types of majors, women have a significantly lower probability of overeducation than men. However, in majors with high levels of overeducation such as arts and law & public policy, females have an even higher probability than men.
Uniformly attracting limit sets for the critically dissipative SQG equation
Creators: name: Constantin, Peter
name: Zelati, Michele Coti
name: Vicol, Vlad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the global attractor of the critical SQG semigroup $S(t)$ on the scale-invariant space $H^1(\mathbb{T}^2)$. It was shown in~\cite{CTV13} that this attractor is finite dimensional, and that it attracts uniformly bounded sets in $H^{1+δ}(\mathbb{T}^2)$ for any $δ>0$, leaving open the question of uniform attraction in $H^1(\mathbb{T}^2)$. In this paper we prove the uniform attraction in $H^1(\mathbb{T}^2)$, by combining ideas from DeGiorgi iteration and nonlinear maximum principles.
description: 17 pages
Schwarzschild Lecture 2014: HectoMAPping The Universe
Creators: name: Geller, Margaret J.
name: Hwang, Ho Seong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the last three decades progress in mapping the universe from an age of 400,000 years to the present has been stunning. Instrument/telescope combinations have naturally determined the sampling of various redshift ranges. Here we outline the impact of the Hectospec on the MMT on exploration of the universe in the redshift range 0.2 < z < 0.8. We focus on dense redshift surveys, SHELS and HectoMAP. SHELS is a complete magnitude limited survey covering 8 square degrees. The HectoMAP survey combines a red-selected dense redshift survey and a weak lensing map covering 50 square degrees. Combining the dense redshift survey with a Subaru HyperSuprimeCam (HSC) weak lensing map will provide a powerful probe of the way galaxies trace the distribution of dark matter on a wide range of physical scales.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Farm Population Trends and Farm Characteristics
Creators: name: Banks, Vera J.
name: Banks, Vera J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Farm population
subject: Race
subject: Tenure status
subject: Economic class
subject: Type of farm
subject: Population distribution
subject: Population growth

description: Although the total U.S. farm population declined between 1970 and 1975, the population on farms with annual sales greater than $40,000 increased. Such farms account for nearly 80 percent of total farm receipts. Farms with under $2,500 in annual sales contain a third of the U.S. farm population which receives most of its money income from off-farm sources. The nonoperator population declined faster than the farm operator group between 1970 and 1975. The U.S. farm population is concentrated on cash-grain and livestock farms; in 1975, they contained two-thirds of the farm total.
A note on cobordisms of algebraic knots
Creators: name: Bodnár, József
name: Celoria, Daniele
name: Golla, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note we use Heegaard Floer homology to study smooth cobordisms of algebraic knots and complex deformations of cusp singularities of curves. The main tool will be the concordance invariant $ν^+$: we study its behaviour with respect to connected sums, providing an explicit formula in the case of L-space knots and proving subadditivity in general.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures. Improved exposition and organisation, fixed a gap in the proof of Proposition 6.1
Preventing Newborn Injury Through Parent Education on Safe Skin-to-Skin Care
Creators: name: Fischler, Hannah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends skin-to-skin (STS) contact for all
mothers and newborns for at least the first house after birth whether they are breastfeeding or
bottle-feeding, or delivered via vaginal birth or cesarean. While the benefits of skin-to-skin care
are extremely beneficial, providing safe care is still considered the number one priority for
mother and baby. There is very little evidence published surrounding the possible risks of skin-to-
skin care and therefore, awareness of the issue is limited. This lack of awareness among
healthcare professionals and parents has caused a barrier to skin-to-skin care and has shown
increased instances in which the beneficial care led to potentially dangerous events such as
falling, suffocation, sudden unexpected postnatal collapse and other complications. The purpose
of this project was to develop a teaching tool for parents about newborn safety with a primary
focus on performing skin-to-skin care in the hospital, as well as at home. A short informational
video for new parents on safety measures and STS care was created based on current evidence
and practice recommendations. The video was created as a service-learning project for a birthing
center in a large public hospital. The majority of expectant parents who saw the video during
prenatal classes rated it highly and recommended it for all parents.
3D Object Detection with Depth Completion for Autonomous Driving via Camera and LIDAR Fusion
Creators: name: Fu, Chen
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 90602 Control Systems, Robotics and Automation
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: Computer Engineering

description: As the core module of the autonomous driving application, the perception system provides the status of the surrounding environment and is essential to safe motion planning and decision-making. To achieve high-performance perception, a robust solution is mounting multiple high-definition sensors on the autonomous car, including dense LIDAR, RGB cameras, and RADAR. However, this sensor configuration is not affordable for commercial-level autonomous cars and small robots. To solve this problem, we propose a low-cost perception system that fuses sparse LIDAR and an RGB camera to achieve a level of sensing capability similar to that achieved by high-definition LIDAR. In this system, we propose a sensor fusion-based depth information enhancement approach that completes the sparse depth map and achieves a dense point cloud of the surrounding scene. This approach is further improved by the inductive-fusion technique and linear inverse problem, which achieves more accurate and efficient depth prediction. Integrating the depth completion algorithm into the full perception system further improves the accuracy of end-to-end 3D object detection. In all, we achieve a robust and efficient perception system that has comparable sensor capability with the high-definition sensor combination. Our system will reduce the cost of commercial autonomous vehicles while achieving reasonable perception performance and be able to be extended to other indoor and outdoor robots.
Data Sharing with Generative Adversarial Networks: From Theory to Practice
Creators: name: Lin, Zinan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 90499 Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: In today’s age of big data, data sharing among companies, customers, and researchers has become a critical activity that drives advancements across industry and academia. In these data sharing scenarios, stakeholders want the shared data to have high fidelity, meaning that it accurately reflects the important properties of the original data for downstream applications. At the same time, the shared data must be privacy-preserving, so that sensitive business and personal information from the data holder is not disclosed during the data sharing process. Unfortunately, achieving both of these goals simultaneously is challenging with existing data sharing techniques such as anonymization, simulation, or simple generative models. Recent advances in generative adversarial networks (GANs) offer a new opportunity to tackle this long-standing challenge. Given a dataset of images, GANs can synthesize new, random images that are from the same distribution as the original images. Their impressive results in synthesizing photorealistic, high-resolution images suggest the potential of GANs as a building block for a data sharing tool. However, notable challenges remain. On the fidelity front, GANs’ generated samples often lack diversity, and GANs are notoriously unstable to train—small changes to hyper-parameters can lead to poor sample fidelity. Moreover, real-world data required in data sharing applications (e.g., long and multi-dimensional time series) has its own unique characteristics different from images, which creates additional fidelity challenges. On the privacy front, the privacy properties of GANs are not well understood, and making them privacy-preserving is still an open question. In this dissertation, we explore how to build a high-fidelity and privacy-preserving data sharing tool with GANs. We tackle this question in a full-stack fashion, from studying and improving the theoretical foundations of GANs to applying these insights in practical data sharing applications. On the fidelity front, we propose theoretical frameworks for analyzing GAN’s sample diversity and training stability problems. Based on these insights, we propose simple and effective fixes to boost GANs’ sample diversity and training stability, resulting in better sample fidelity. On the privacy front, we analyze the fundamental privacy properties of GANs, identify the privacy issues, and design new frameworks and approaches to protect sensitive business and personal information in the original data. Finally, based on these insights, we build a practical GAN-based data sharing tool for time series data and demonstrate its fidelity across applications in systems and networking domains. We also package the algorithmic contributions in this dissertation in a modular library for future applications.
Analyzing Microbial Contaminants in Stormwater in Beaufort, NC
Creators: name: Kline, Allison
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) concentrations, namely E. coli and Enterococcus, were measured in four stormwater ditches and two actively discharging outfall pipes in the town of Beaufort, North Carolina. The area of Beaufort that was sampled is mostly residential. Samples were collected from September 5th through November 17th, 2014 and captured a wide range of weather conditions, including dry weather (standing water) and several storm events. It was found that during wet weather, levels of Enterococcus and E. coli increased significantly as compared to levels observed during dry weather (p=0.027, p=0.031). It was also found that during wet weather the strength of the correlation, indicating the predictive relationship between Enterococcus and E. coli increased substantially as compared to that observed during dry weather (r=0.000 and r=0.802, n=28). In addition, the relative amount of E. coli as compared to Enterococcus (i.e. the ratio) increased. The strong difference observed in this correlation between dry and wet weather indicates that the source of fecal contamination during storm events is due to a fresh fecal contamination source. The specific source (animal or human), however, cannot be determined from this study design. The data collected from this project indicate the need for further stormwater-related monitoring and assessment in the Town of Beaufort.
Parenting and Perceptions of Childhood in Edith Wharton’s The Custom of the Country and The Children
Creators: name: Davison, Clara
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Through The Children and The Custom of the Country, Edith Wharton provides an overview of parenting in the past and current generation. Using memories of adult characters to speak to the parenting of the past generation, Wharton combines these with the current children characters to highlight the parenting shortcomings that exist and how divorce can add to this issue.
An annular refinement of the transverse element in Khovanov homology
Creators: name: Hubbard, Diana
name: Saltz, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 57M27, 57R17, 20F36

description: We construct a braid conjugacy class invariant $κ$ by refining Plamenevskaya's transverse element $ψ$ in Khovanov homology via the annular grading. While $κ$ is not an invariant of transverse links, it distinguishes some braids whose closures share the same classical invariants but are not transversely isotopic. Using $κ$ we construct an obstruction to negative destabilization (stronger than $ψ$) and a solution to the word problem in braid groups. Also, $κ$ is a lower bound on the length of the spectral sequence from annular Khovanov homology to Khovanov homology, and we obtain concrete examples in which this spectral sequence does not collapse immediately. In addition, we study these constructions in reduced Khovanov homology and illustrate that the two reduced versions are fundamentally different with respect to the annular filtration.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Integrating Synthetic and Biomaterial Embedded 3D Printing for the Development of Biohybrid Systems
Creators: name: Stang, Maria
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Biohybrid systems, which are comprised of biological and synthetic materials, can be utilized for a variety of applications, ranging from new robotics, prostheses, and medical techniques to in vitro model systems and diagnosis platforms. Despite their versatility, the widespread fabrication and adoption of these systems has been limited, which can be attributed to the inability to fabricate the system and its constituents efficiently. Tedious, multistep assembly is often needed to build current biohybrid systems. By harnessing the power of 3D printing, and specifically the Freeform Reversible Embedding of Suspended Hydrogels (FRESH) bioprinting platform, these systems can be fabricated in one step. In this work, I sought to integrate synthetic and biological printing in the creation of a biohybrid system by (1) improving synthetic printing in embedded printing systems and (2) engineering biomimetic skeletal muscle tissue. To achieve the first, I investigated the interdependence of rheology and machine pathing during FRESH printing of silicone elastomers, which is the material of choice for the synthetic framework of the biohybrid system. In doing so, I was able to improve silicone printing in various support baths. To achieve the second, I designed and FRESH printed type I collagen scaffolds that recapitulated native muscle fiber orientation and organization, which directly impacts muscle deformation during contraction and ultimately its function. By seeding these scaffolds with cell-laden hydrogels, cell-mediated compaction occurred, driving cellular infiltration through the voids of the scaffold, and the printed collagen filaments provided contact guidance to myoblasts, facilitating differentiation into multinucleated myotubes. Finally, I integrated synthetic and biomaterial embedded printing into the FRESH platform, which enabled dual printing of a silicone elastomer and a high-density C2C12 bioink for the fabrication of a biohybrid system. The results of this work lay down the foundation for the development and creation of more complex multimaterial biohybrid systems for a variety of applications.
Speech Perception in a Second Language: Hearing is Believing—Seeing is Not
Creators: name: Ma, Fengyang
name: Ai, Haiyang
name: Xiao, Ting
name: Guo, Taomei
name: Pae, Hye
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: This study examined the effects of the speaker’s face and accent on second language (L2) speech perception.