Crematogaster
Creators: name: Feldhaar, Heike
name: Maschwitz, Ulrich
name: Fiala, Brigitte
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Crematogaster

description: <b>Synonymic list of <i>Crematogaster</i> (</b> <i>Crematogaster borneensis</i> - group <b>) species from Borneo and the Malay Peninsula obligately associated with <i>Macaranga</i></b> In this study eight species of <i>Crematogaster</i> (<i>Crematogaster borneensis</i> -group) are recognized (including five new species), belonging to three species subgroups. Species subgroups were designated based on morphological characters of the queen caste, i.e. queens of the <i>decamera</i> -subgroup are smaller (WL ranging from 1.7 to 2.3 mm) and have relatively smaller compound eyes (EL&lt;0.5 mm) than queens of the <i>captiosa</i> -subgroup (WL ranging from 2.2 to 2.9 mm and EL&gt; 0.5 mm) (Feldhaar et al., 2003a; Feldhaar et al., 2010) (see Table S.1 for comparison of morphospecies designations used by our group and synonymized or new species names). All workers of <i>Crematogaster</i> (<i>Crematogaster borneensis</i> - group) workers including those associated with <i>Macaranga</i> have ten antennal segments. The workers of the <i>Macaranga</i> - associated <i>Crematogaster</i> species are all monomorphic. This is in contrast to the other three described species belonging to the former <i>Decacrema</i> from SE-Asia (<i>C. angulosa</i>, <i>C. biformis</i> and <i>C. cephalotes</i>) that all have dimorphic workers (see Supplementary Fig S2.1A to S2.3B). Body size may vary strongly within species although this is dependent on colony size (e.g. TL ranges from ~ 2.1 mm to 3.3 mm in <i>Crematogaster captiosa</i> workers). Thus, especially in workers relative measures (e.g. SI or RLEG) are more important characters than absolute measurements (e.g. SL or LHT) (see overview of most important distinguishing characters of workers in Table 1). Workers collected from small colonies are also lighter in colour. In queens shade of body coloration is a useful character, as are absolute measures. If possible, queens should be used for determination as worker characteristics are sometimes less distinctive (see overview of most important characters distinguishing queens in Table 1). Most of the diversity of the species is apportioned between the <i>decamera</i> -subgroup and the <i>captiosa</i> -subgroup. The placement of <i>C</i>. <i>maryatii</i> is unclear. In the molecular phylogeny based on mitochondrial DNA this species does not cluster with either group and came out most basal. Based on nuclear DNA (elongation factor 1α) (Feldhaar et al., 2010) this species is not separated from species of the <i>captiosa</i> -group. However, queen morphology and life-history characters resemble that of the <i>decamera</i> -group. Small size of queens and workers and early onset of reproduction may be a convergent trait though as this seems to enable usage of less productive and slow growing host plants (Feldhaar et al. 2010). Therefore, we currently do not place <i>C</i>. <i>maryatii</i> in either group. <i>Crematogaster maryatii</i> sp. nov. <i>C. decamera</i> -subgroup <i>Crematogaster decamera</i> Forel, 1910 <i>Crematogaster hullettii</i> sp. nov. <i>Crematogaster roslihashimi</i> sp. nov. <i>C. captiosa</i> -subgroup <i>Crematogaster borneensis</i> André, 1896 = <i>C. borneensis</i> subsp. <i>capax</i> Forel, 1911 syn. nov. = <i>C. borneensis</i> subsp. <i>hosei</i> Forel, 1911 syn. nov. = <i>C. borneensis</i> subsp. <i>sembilana</i> Forel, 1911 syn. nov. = <i>C. borneensis</i> var. <i>macarangae</i> Viehmeyer, 1916 syn.nov. <i>Crematogaster captiosa</i> Forel, 1910 = <i>C. borneensis</i> var. <i>harpyia</i> Forel, 1911 syn. nov. = <i>C. borneensis</i> var. <i>insulsa</i> Forel, 1911 syn. nov. = <i>C. borneensis</i> subsp. <i>symbia</i> Forel, 1911 syn. nov. = <i>C. borneensis</i> subsp. <i>novem</i> Forel, 1911 syn. nov. <i>Crematogaster linsenmairi</i> sp. nov. <i>Crematogaster claudiae</i> sp. nov.
description: Published as part of <i>Heike Feldhaar, Ulrich Maschwitz &amp; Brigitte Fiala, 2016, Taxonomic Revision of the Obligate Plant-Ants of the Genus Crematogaster Lund (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), Associated with Macaranga Thouars (Euphorbiaceae) on Borneo and the Malay Peninsula, pp. 651-681 in Sociobiology 63 (1)</i> on pages 658-659, DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v63i1.949, http://zenodo.org/record/269814
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