cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effects of morphine, clonidine, and intensity change on electric-shock discrimination.
Creators: name: Genovese, R F
name: Dykstra, L A
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: The effects of morphine, clonidine, and changes in stimulus intensity were examined in squirrel monkeys responding on one of two levers following brief presentations of one of two electric-shock intensities (0.1 and 0.5 mA). Responses were designated as correct or incorrect depending on which shock intensity had been presented and which lever was pressed. Morphine (0.42 to 1.80 mg/kg) and clonidine (0.075 to 0.18 mg/kg) decreased percentage correct responding. Morphine and clonidine also increased response latency and the number of shock presentations that were not followed by responses. Changes in shock intensity also decreased percentage correct responding but had no effect on response latency or on the number of shock presentations not followed by responses.
Pluriclosed manifolds with constant holomorphic sectional curvature
Creators: name: Rao, Peipei
name: Zheng, Fangyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C55

description: A long-standing conjecture in complex geometry says that a compact Hermitian manifold with constant holomorphic sectional curvature must be Kähler when the constant is non-zero and must be Chern flat when the constant is zero. The conjecture is known in complex dimension $2$ by the work of Balas-Gauduchon in 1985 (when the constant is zero or negative) and by Apostolov-Davidov-Muskarov in 1996 (when the constant is positive). For higher dimensions, the conjecture is still largely unknown. In this article, we restrict ourselves to pluriclosed manifolds, and confirm the conjecture for the special case of Strominger Kähler-like manifolds, namely, for Hermitian manifolds whose Strominger connection (also known as Bismut connection) obeys all the Kähler symmetries.
A note on the Tuza constant $c_k$ for small $k$
Creators: name: Lu, Yun-Shan
name: Wang, Hung-Lung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.2.2
subject: 05C65

description: For a hypergraph $H$, the transversal is a subset of vertices whose intersection with every edge is nonempty. The cardinality of a minimum transversal is the transversal number of $H$, denoted by $τ(H)$. The Tuza constant $c_k$ is defined as $\sup{τ(H)/ (m+n)}$, where $H$ ranges over all $k$-uniform hypergraphs, with $m$ and $n$ being the number of edges and vertices, respectively. We give an upper bound and a lower bound on $c_k$. The upper bound improves the known ones for $k\geq 7$, and the lower bound improves the known ones for $k\in\{7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14, 17\}$.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables
Reversible modulation of orbital occupations via an interface-induced state in metallic manganites
Creators: name: Chen, Hanghui
name: Qiao, Qiao
name: Marshall, Matthew S. J.
name: Georgescu, Alexandru B.
name: Gulec, Ahmet
name: Phillips, Patrick J.
name: Klie, Robert F.
name: Walker, Frederick J.
name: Ahn, Charles H.
name: Ismail-Beigi, Sohrab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The breaking of orbital degeneracy on a transition metal cation and the resulting unequal electronic occupations of these orbitals provide a powerful lever over electron density and spin ordering inmetal oxides. Here, we use ab initio calculations to show that reversibly modulating the orbital populations on Mn atoms can be achieved at ferroelectric/manganite interfaces by the presence of ferroelectric polarization on the nanoscale. The change in orbital occupation can be as large as 10%, greatly exceeding that of bulk manganites. This reversible orbital splitting is in large part controlled by the propagation of ferroelectric polar displacements into the interfacial region, a structural motif absent in the bulk and unique to the interface. We use epitaxial thin film growth and scanning transmission electron microscopy to verify this key interfacial polar distortion and discuss the potential of reversible control of orbital polarization via nanoscale ferroelectrics.
description: This version is to replace the old submission arXiv:1309.2976 (withdrawn). We have made substantial revision and improvement in the new version
The association between poverty and homicide perpetration from birth to age 30: life-course analyses in a prospective Brazilian Birth Cohort
Creators: name: Murray, Joseph
name: Degli Esposti, Michelle
name: de Mola, Christian
name: Martins, Rafaela
name: Heron, Jon
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law

description: Pre-analysis plan for investigating three competing life-course models for explaining the relationship between poverty and lethal violence: 1. Does an accumulation of poverty over the life-course increase the risk of violent and/or lethal offending? 2. Does experiencing poverty during a sensitive period in the life-course (e.g., early childhood) increase the risk of violent and/or lethal offending? 3. Does downward social mobility over the life-course increase the risk of violent and/or lethal offending?
Effects of chlorpromazine on fixed-ratio responding: modification by fixed-interval discriminative stimuli.
Creators: name: Witkin, J M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1986

description: Effects of chlorpromazine (1 to 100 mg/kg) were assessed on two pigeons' responding under various modifications of a multiple schedule of food delivery. During a fixed-interval component, the first response after 5 min produced food; during the subsequent, fixed-ratio component, the 30th response produced food. Modifications of the schedule entailed changes in stimulus conditions imposed during the fixed-ratio component that did not systematically alter characteristics of performance under non-drug conditions. In the first phase of the experiment, distinctive visual stimuli were correlated with each schedule component (conventional multiple schedule); chlorpromazine produced small decreases in fixed-ratio responding (20% at 30 mg/kg). When each response during the fixed-ratio component produced the stimulus correlated with the fixed-interval schedule (fixed-interval discriminative stimulus) for 1.2 s, effects of chlorpromazine were not different from those under the conventional multiple schedule. Chlorpromazine produced greater decreases in fixed-ratio responding (55% at 30 mg/kg) when either the first response of each fixed ratio changed the stimulus correlated with the fixed-ratio schedule to the fixed-interval discriminative stimulus for the remainder of the fixed-ratio component, or when the fixed-interval discriminative stimulus was presented independently of responding according to a matched temporal sequence. When the fixed-interval discriminative stimulus was present continuously during the fixed-ratio component (mixed schedule), chlorpromazine produced even more substantial decreases in fixed-ratio responding (greater than 80% at 30 mg/kg). Effects of chlorpromazine on fixed-interval responding were also modified by the schedules of fixed-interval discriminative stimulus presentation. The effects of chlorpromazine were a joint function of the stimuli prevailing during the multiple schedule and the degree to which responding influenced these stimuli.
Probing Chern number by opacity and topological phase transition by a nonlocal Chern marker
Creators: name: Molignini, Paolo
name: Lapierre, Bastien
name: Chitra, R.
name: Chen, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2D semiconductors and insulators, the Chern number of the valence band Bloch state is an important quantity that has been linked to various material properties, such as the topological order. We elaborate that the opacity of 2D materials to circularly polarized light over a wide range of frequencies, measured in units of the fine structure constant, can be used to extract a spectral function that frequency-integrates to the Chern number, offering a simple optical experiment to measure it. This method is subsequently generalized to finite temperature and locally on every lattice site by a linear response theory, which helps to extract the Chern marker that maps the Chern number to lattice sites. The long range response in our theory corresponds to a Chern correlator that acts like the internal fluctuation of the Chern marker, and is found to be enhanced in the topologically nontrivial phase. Finally, from the Fourier transform of the valence band Berry curvature, a nonlocal Chern marker is further introduced, whose decay length diverges at topological phase transitions and therefore serves as a faithful indicator of the transitions, and moreover can be interpreted as a Wannier state correlation function. The concepts discussed in this work explore multi-faceted aspects of topology and should help address the impact of system inhomogeneities.
description: Reworked version
The KPZ equation in a half space with flat initial condition and the unbinding of a directed polymer from an attractive wall
Creators: name: Barraquand, Guillaume
name: Doussal, Pierre Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present an exact solution for the height distribution of the KPZ equation at any time $t$ in a half space with flat initial condition. This is equivalent to obtaining the free energy distribution of a polymer of length $t$ pinned at a wall at a single point. In the large $t$ limit a binding transition takes place upon increasing the attractiveness of the wall. Around the critical point we find the same statistics as in the Baik-Ben--Arous-Péché transition for outlier eigenvalues in random matrix theory. In the bound phase, we obtain the exact measure for the endpoint and the midpoint of the polymer at large time. We also unveil curious identities in distribution between partition functions in half-space and certain partition functions in full space for Brownian type initial condition.
description: 27 pages. v4: typos corrected. v3: references added, appendix reorganized (some sections numbers have changed). Accepted version
Massive stars in the giant molecular cloud G23.3-0.3 and W41
Creators: name: Messineo, Maria
name: Menten, Karl M.
name: Figer, Donald F.
name: Davies, Ben
name: Clark, J. Simon
name: Ivanov, Valentin D.
name: Kudritzki, Rolf-Peter
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: MacKenty, John W.
name: Trombley, Christine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Young massive stars and stellar clusters continuously form in the Galactic disk, generating new HII regions within their natal giant molecular clouds and subsequently enriching the interstellar medium via their winds and supernovae. Massive stars are among the brightest infrared stars in such regions; their identification permits the characterization of the star formation history of the associated cloud as well as constraining the location of stellar aggregates and hence their occurrence as a function of global environment. We present a stellar spectroscopic survey in the direction of the giant molecular cloud G23.3-0.3. This complex is located at a distance of ~ 4-5 kpc, and consists of several HII regions and supernova remnants. We discovered 11 OfK+ stars, one candidate Luminous Blue Variable, several OB stars, and candidate red supergiants. Stars with K-band extinction from ~1.3 - 1.9 mag appear to be associated with the GMC G23.3-0.3; O and B-types satisfying this criterion have spectro-photometric distances consistent with that of the giant molecular cloud. Combining near-IR spectroscopic and photometric data allowed us to characterize the multiple sites of star formation within it. The O-type stars have masses from 25 - 45 Msun, and ages of 5-8 Myr. Two new red supergiants were detected with interstellar extinction typical of the cloud; along with the two RSGs within the cluster GLIMPSE9, they trace an older burst with an age of 20--30 Myr. Massive stars were also detected in the core of three supernova remnants - W41, G22.7-0.2, and G22.7583-0.4917. A large population of massive stars appears associated with the GMC G23.3-0.3, with the properties inferred for them indicative of an extended history of stars formation.
description: paper of 28 pages and 17 figures, appears in A&A Journal, 2014, Volume 477, Issue 1
Feminism project (Study 3) - revised preregistration
Creators: name: Morgenroth, Thekla
name: Kirby, Teri
name: Ryan, Michelle
name: Zehnter, Miriam
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This is the revised version of the pre-registration for Study 3 in the feminism project. At the time of pre-registration, data collection has started, but no data have been analysed. The only difference from the previous version is that we added exclusion criteria to the preregistration.
A Tensor-Product Finite Element Cochain Complex with Arbitrary Continuity
Creators: name: Bonizzoni, Francesca
name: Kanschat, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N30

description: We develop tensor product finite element cochain complexes of arbitrary smoothness on Cartesian meshes of arbitrary dimension. The first step is the construction of a one-dimensional $C^m$-conforming finite element cochain complex based on a modified Hermite interpolation operator, which is proved to commute with the exterior derivative by means of a general commutation lemma. Adhering to a strict tensor product construction we then derive finite element complexes in higher dimensions.
Suppression and enhancement of transcriptional noise by DNA looping
Creators: name: Vilar, Jose M. G.
name: Saiz, Leonor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: DNA looping has been observed to enhance and suppress transcriptional noise but it is uncertain which of these two opposite effects is to be expected for given conditions. Here, we derive analytical expressions for the main quantifiers of transcriptional noise in terms of the molecular parameters and elucidate the role of DNA looping. Our results rationalize paradoxical experimental observations and provide the first quantitative explanation of landmark individual-cell measurements at the single molecule level on the classical lac operon genetic system [Choi et al., Science 322, 442-446 (2008)].
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, supplementary information
Choice between sequences of fixed-ratio schedules: effects of ratio values and probability of food delivery.
Creators: name: Blakely, E
name: Pellettiere, V
name: Picker, M
name: Poling, A
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: Pigeons were exposed to schedules of food delivery that consisted of two sequential fixed ratios. When alternative sequences provided two food deliveries per 50 responses, the schedule with the shorter initial fixed-ratio value was consistently preferred. Progressively reducing from 1.0 to .25 the probability of food delivery following completion of the second fixed ratio of the sequence with the shorter initial fixed ratio did not reduce preference for this sequence. Moreover, the sequence with the shorter initial fixed ratio also was preferred when the probability of food delivery following completion of the initial ratio in that sequence was progressively reduced from 1.0 to .5, although preference shifted to the alternative when the probability was reduced to 0. These findings suggest that the length of the initial fixed ratio was a primary determinant of choice. Subsequent manipulations demonstrated, however, that when the initial fixed ratios of the two alternatives were equal, changes in the ratio value and probability of food delivery following completion of the second fixed ratio lawfully affected choice.
Nutrition-focused policy, system, and environmental strategies to support healthy weight during the first 1,000 days: A scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Robinson, Cayla
name: Luecking, Courtney
name: Keinsley, Jason
name: Ferrante, Mackenzie
name: Kracht, Chelsea
name: Moding, Kameron
name: Neshteruk, Cody
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Abstract The time from conception to 24 months of age (i.e., the first 1,000 days) is a critical period of development during which nutrition has profound and lasting implications for a child’s weight and overall health trajectory. Weight- and nutrition-related disparities commence during the first 1,000 days, disproportionately affecting children from families of low socioeconomic status, racially and ethnically diverse groups, and rural areas. Intervening during this time could have significant impact for decreasing health disparities. Previous reviews have identified promising individual- and family-focused interventions to promote healthy weight in the first 1,000 days. However, due to the small numbers of families that can be reached through these types of interventions, achieving public health impact is limited. By design, policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) interventions reach larger groups of people and thus provide an opportunity to achieve public health impact and promote health equity. Yet, little is known about the use, evaluation, and impact of nutrition-focused PSE interventions to support healthy weight during the first 1,000 days. Currently there are no reviews regarding the application of PSE interventions during this critical period of development and intervention.
Operator-valued Schatten spaces and quantum entropies
Creators: name: Beigi, Salman
name: Goodarzi, Milad M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Operator-valued Schatten spaces were introduced by G. Pisier as a noncommutative counterpart of vector-valued $\ell_p$-spaces. This family of operator spaces forms an interpolation scale which makes it a powerful and convenient tool in a variety of applications. In particular, as the norms coming from this family naturally appear in the definition of certain entropic quantities in Quantum Information Theory (QIT), one may apply Pisier's theory to establish some features of those quantities. Nevertheless, it could be quite challenging to follow the proofs of the main results of this theory from the existing literature. In this article, we attempt to fill this gap by presenting the underlying concepts and ideas of Pisier's theory in a self-contained way which we hope to be more accessible, especially for the QIT community at large. Furthermore, we describe some applications of this theory in QIT. In particular, we prove a new uniform continuity bound for the quantum conditional Rényi entropy.
description: 42 pages
Showing invariance compositionally for a process algebra for network protocols
Creators: name: Bourke, Timothy
name: van Glabbeek, Robert J.
name: Höfner, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.1; C.2.2

description: This paper presents the mechanization of a process algebra for Mobile Ad hoc Networks and Wireless Mesh Networks, and the development of a compositional framework for proving invariant properties. Mechanizing the core process algebra in Isabelle/HOL is relatively standard, but its layered structure necessitates special treatment. The control states of reactive processes, such as nodes in a network, are modelled by terms of the process algebra. We propose a technique based on these terms to streamline proofs of inductive invariance. This is not sufficient, however, to state and prove invariants that relate states across multiple processes (entire networks). To this end, we propose a novel compositional technique for lifting global invariants stated at the level of individual nodes to networks of nodes.
description: The Isabelle/HOL source files, and a full proof document, are available in the Archive of Formal Proofs, at http://afp.sourceforge.net/entries/AWN.shtml
Situational descriptions of behavioral procedures: the in situ testbed.
Creators: name: Eckerman, D A
name: Kemp, S M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: We demonstrate the In Situ testbed, a system that aids in evaluating computational models of learning, including artificial neural networks. The testbed models contingencies of reinforcement rising an extension of Mechner's (1959) notational system for the description of behavioral procedures. These contingencies are input to the model under test. The model's output is displayed as cumulative records. The cumulative record can then be compared to one produced by a pigeon exposed to the same contingencies. The testbed is tried with three published models of learning. Each model is exposed to up to three reinforcement schedules (testing ends when the model does not produce acceptable cumulative records): continuous reinforcement and extinction, fixed ratio, and fixed interval. The In Sitt testbed appears to be a reliable and valid testing procedure for comparing models of learning.
Martingale problem for (Xi, Phi, k) - superprocesses
Creators: name: Leduc, Guillaume
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1997

description: The martingale problem for superprocesses with parameters (ξ,ɸ,k) is studied where k(ds) may not be absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure. This requires a generalization of the concept of martingale problem: we show that for any process X which partially solves the martingale problem, an extended form of the liftings defined in [11] exists; these liftings are part of the statement of the full martingale problem, which is hence not defined for processes X who fail to solve the partial martingale problem. The existence of a solution to the martingale problem follows essentially from Itô's formula. The proof of uniqueness requires that we find a sequence of (ξ,ɸ,kn)-superprocesses "approximating" the (ξ,ɸ,k)-superprocess, where kn(ds) has the form λn (s,ξs)ds. Using an argument in [12], applied to the (ξ,ɸ,kn)-superprocesses, we derive, passing to the limit, that the full martingale problem has a unique solution. This result is apply to construct superprocesses with interactions via a Dawson-Girsanov transformation.
A note on the quartic generalized Korteweg-de Vries equation in weighted Sobolev spaces
Creators: name: Castro, Alejandro J.
name: Esfahani, Amin
name: Zhapsarbayeva, Lyailya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q53, 35A02, 35B65

description: In this paper we establish the persistence property for solutions of the quartic generalized Korteweg-de Vries equation with initial data in weighted Sobolev spaces $H^{s}(\mathbb{R})\cap L^2(|x|^{2r}dx)$ for $s =1/12 + \varepsilon$ and any $r\in (0,R)$, for some $0 < \varepsilon < 1/4$ and $0
description: 22 pages
Morphine Tolerance As A Function Of Ratio Schedule: Response Requirement Or Unit Price?
Creators: name: Dykstra, Linda A
name: Pitts, Raymond C
name: Hughes, Christine E
name: Sigmon, Stacey C
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Key pecking by 3 pigeons was maintained by a multiple fixed-ratio 10, fixed-ratio 30, fixed-ratio 90 schedule of food presentation. Components differed with respect to amount of reinforcement, such that the unit price was 10 responses per 1-s access to food. Acute administration of morphine, l-methadone, and cocaine dose-dependently decreased overall response rates in each of the components. When a rate decreasing dose of morphine was administered daily, tolerance, as measured by an increase in the dose that reduced response rates to 50% of control (i.e., the ED50 value), developed in each of the components; however, the degree of tolerance was smallest in the fixed-ratio 90 component (i.e., the ED50 value increased the least). When the l-methadone dose-effect curve was redetermined during the chronic morphine phase, the degree of cross-tolerance conferred to l-methadone was similar across components, suggesting that behavioral variables may not influence the degree of cross-tolerance between opioids. During the chronic phase, the cocaine dose-effect curve shifted to the right for 2 pigeons and to the left for 1 pigeon, which is consistent with predictions based on the lack of pharmacological similarity between morphine and cocaine. When the morphine, l-methadone, and cocaine dose-effect curves were redetermined after chronic morphine administration ended, the morphine and l-methadone ED50s replicated those obtained prior to chronic morphine administration. The morphine data suggest that the fixed-ratio value (i.e., the absolute output) determines the degree of tolerance and not the unit price.
Moment approach for singular values distribution of a large auto-covariance matrix
Creators: name: Wang, Qinwen
name: Yao, Jianfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $(\varepsilon_{t})_{t>0}$ be a sequence of independent real random vectors of $p$-dimension and let $X_T= \sum_{t=s+1}^{s+T}\varepsilon_t\varepsilon^T_{t-s}/T$ be the lag-$s$ ($s$ is a fixed positive integer) auto-covariance matrix of $\varepsilon_t$. Since $X_T$ is not symmetric, we consider its singular values, which are the square roots of the eigenvalues of $X_TX^T_T$. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the limiting behaviors of the eigenvalues of $X_TX^T_T$ in two aspects. First, we show that the empirical spectral distribution of its eigenvalues converges to a nonrandom limit $F$. Second, we establish the convergence of its largest eigenvalue to the right edge of $F$. Both results are derived using moment methods.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures
Information Fragmentation, Encryption and Information Flow in Complex Biological Networks
Creators: name: Bohm, Clifford
name: Kirkpatrick, Douglas
name: Cao, Victoria
name: Adami, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Assessing where and how information is stored in biological networks (such as neuronal and genetic networks) is a central task both in neuroscience and in molecular genetics, but most available tools focus on the network's structure as opposed to its function. Here we introduce a new information-theoretic tool: "information fragmentation analysis" that, given full phenotypic data, allows us to localize information in complex networks, determine how fragmented (across multiple nodes of the network) the information is, and assess the level of encryption of that information. Using information fragmentation matrices, we can also create information flow graphs that illustrate how information propagates through these networks. We illustrate the use of this tool by analyzing how artificial brains that evolved "in silico" solve particular tasks, and show how information fragmentation analysis provides deeper insights into how these brains process information and "think". The measures of information fragmentation and encryption that result from our methods also quantify complexity of information processing in these networks and how this processing complexity differs between primary exposure to sensory data (early in the lifetime) and later routine processing.
AGB populations in post-starburst galaxies
Creators: name: Melnick, Jorge
name: De Propris, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous paper we compared the SEDs of a sample of 808 K+A galaxies from the FUV to the MIR to the predictions of the spectrum synthesis models explicitly using AGB components. Here we use the new AGB-light models from C. Maraston (including less fuel for the later stages of stellar evolution and improved calibrations) to address the discrepancies between our observations and the AGB-heavy models used in our previous paper, which over-predict the infrared fluxes of post-starburst galaxies by an order of magnitude. The new models yield a much better fit to the data, especially in the near-IR, compared to previous realizations where AGB stars caused a large excess in the H and K bands. We { also compare the predictions of the M2013 models to those with BC03 and find that both reproduce the observations equally well. } We still find a significant discrepancy with { both sets of models} in the Y and J bands, which however is probably due to the spectral features of AGB stars. We also find that { both the M2013 and the BC03 models} still over-predict the observed fluxes in the UV bands, even invoking extinction laws that are stronger in these bands. While there may be some simple explanations for this discrepancy, we find that further progress requires new observations and better modelling. Excess mid-infrared emission longward of 5$μ$m is well modelled by a $T_{dust}=300^oK$ Black-Body, which may arise from dust emission from the circumstellar envelopes of Oxygen rich M stars (expected for a metal-rich population of AGB stars).
description: A&A accepted
Two-phase flows with bulk-surface interaction: thermodynamically consistent Navier-Stokes-Cahn-Hilliard models with dynamic boundary conditions
Creators: name: Giorgini, Andrea
name: Knopf, Patrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35D30, 35Q35, 76D03, 76D05, 76T06, 76T99

description: We derive a novel thermodynamically consistent Navier--Stokes--Cahn--Hilliard system with dynamic boundary conditions. This model describes the motion of viscous incompressible binary fluids with different densities. In contrast to previous models in the literature, our new model allows for surface diffusion, a variable contact angle between the diffuse interface and the boundary, and mass transfer between bulk and surface. In particular, this transfer of material is subject to a mass conservation law including both a bulk and a surface contribution. The derivation is carried out by means of local energy dissipation laws and the Lagrange multiplier approach. Next, in the case of fluids with matched densities, we show the existence of global weak solutions in two and three dimensions as well as the uniqueness of weak solutions in two dimensions.
description: This version contains some minor modifications compared to the journal version
Imaging the breaking of electrostatic dams in graphene for ballistic and viscous fluids
Creators: name: Krebs, Zachary J.
name: Behn, Wyatt A.
name: Li, Songci
name: Smith, Keenan J.
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Levchenko, Alex
name: Brar, Victor W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flow of charge carriers in materials can, under some circumstances, mimic the flow of viscous fluids. In order to visualize the consequences of such effects, new methodologies must be developed that can probe the quasiparticle flow profile with nm-scale resolution as the geometric parameters of the system are continuously evolved. In this work, scanning tunneling potentiometry (STP) is used to image quasiparticle flow around engineered electrostatic barriers in graphene/hBN heterostructures. Measurements are performed as electrostatic dams - defined by lateral pn-junction barriers - are broken within the graphene sheet, and carriers move through conduction channels with physical widths that vary continuously from pinch-off to um-scale. Local, STP measurements of the electrochemical potential allow for direct characterization of the evolving flow profile, which we compare to finite-element simulations of a Stokesian fluid with varying parameters. Our results reveal distinctly non-Ohmic flow profiles, with charge dipoles forming across barriers due to carrier scattering and accumulation on the upstream side, and depletion downstream. Conductance measurements of individual channels, meanwhile, reveal that at low temperatures the quasiparticle flow is ballistic, but as the temperature is raised there is a Knudsen-to-Gurzhi regime crossover where the fluid becomes viscous and the channel conductance exceeds the ballistic limit set by Sharvin conductance. These results provide a clear illustration of how carrier flow in a Fermi fluid evolves as a function of carrier density, channel width, and temperature. They also demonstrate how STP can be used to extract key parameters of quasiparticle transport, with a spatial resolution that exceeds that of other methods by orders of magnitude.
Decomposition and diagonalization in solving large systems
Creators: name: Schneider, Klaus R.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Decomposition
subject: diagonalization
subject: large scale systems
subject: 65J05
subject: 65J15
subject: 65Y05

description: Consider the nonlinear equation (*) x = Tx + ƒ with a strictly contractive operator T in some real separable Hilbert space. A well-known procedure to approximate the unique solution x* (ƒ) of (*) is the projection-iteration method which can be characterized as a method of diagonalization. In case that (*) is a large system which can be represented as a system of weakly coupled subsystems, an efficient method to approximate x* (ƒ) is the decomposition method which is a block iteration scheme. One realization of this method is the waveform relaxation method. In this note we combine the diagonalization technique with the decomposition method and derive conditions for the convergence of the resulting iteration scheme.
The Dynamics of Successive Induction in Larval Zebrafish
Creators: name: MacPhail, R.C
name: Staddon, J.E.R
name: Padilla, S
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Charles Sherrington identified the properties of the synapse by purely behavioral means—the study of reflexes—more than 100 years ago. They were subsequently confirmed neurophysiologically. Studying reflex interaction, he also showed that activating one reflex often facilitates another, antagonistic one: successive induction, which has since been demonstrated in a wide range of species, from aphids to locusts to dogs and humans. We show a particularly orderly example in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae; the behavior (locomotion) of larvae is low in dark and intermediate in light, but low in light and substantially higher in dark when dark followed light. A quantitative model of a simple dynamic process is described that readily captures the behavior pattern and the effects of a number of manipulations of lighting conditions.
Neural Network Facial Authentication for Public Electric Vehicle Charging Station
Creators: name: Haris, Muhamad Amin Husni Abdul
name: Lim, Sin Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This study is to investigate and compare the facial recognition accuracy performance of Dlib ResNet against a K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) classifier. Particularly when used against a dataset from an Asian ethnicity as Dlib ResNet was reported to have an accuracy deficiency when it comes to Asian faces. The comparisons are both implemented on the facial vectors extracted using the Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) method and use the same dataset for a fair comparison. Authentication of a user by facial recognition in an electric vehicle (EV) charging station demonstrates a practical use case for such an authentication system.
Continuous dependence of a class of superprocesses on branching parameters and applications
Creators: name: Dawson, Donald A.
name: Fleischmann, Klaus
name: Leduc, Guillaume
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: branching functional of bounded characteristic
subject: measurevalued branching
subject: regular local branching mechanism
subject: càdlàg right process
subject: Hunt process
subject: Feller process
subject: weak convergence on path spaces
subject: continuity theorem
subject: log-Laplace functional
subject: Skorohod path space
subject: catalytic branching rate
subject: 60J80
subject: 60J40
subject: 60G57

description: A general class of finite variance critical (ξ,ɸ,k)-superprocesses X in a Luzin space E with càdlàg right motion process ξ, regular local branching mechanism ɸ, and branching functional k of bounded characteristic are shown to continuously depend on (ɸ,k). As an application we show that the processes with a classical branching functional k(ds) = ϱs(ξs)ds (that is a branching functional k generated by a classical branching rate ϱs(y)) are dense in the above class of (ξ,ɸ,k)-superprocesses X. Moreover, we show that, if the phase space E is a compact metric space and ξ is a Feller process, then always a Hunt version of the (ξ,ɸ,k)-superprocess X exists. Moreover, under this assumption, we even get continuity in (ɸ,k) in terms of weak convergence of laws on Skorohod path spaces.
Scaling of the scrape-off layer width during inter-ELM H modes on MAST as measured by infrared thermography
Creators: name: Thornton, A. J.
name: Kirk, A.
name: Team, MAST
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The power load to the divertor surfaces is a key concern for future devices such as ITER, due to the thermal limits on the material surface. One factor that characterizes the heat flux to the divertor is the fall off length in the scrape-off layer (SOL), which recent empirical scalings have shown could be as small as 1 mm. These predictions are based on a multi-machine scaling of the heat flux width fitted using an expression for the divertor heat flux profile which includes a term for the exponential decay in the SOL and diffusion about the last closed flux surface (LCFS) in the private flux region.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures
Oxyscelio dermatoglyphes Burks
Creators: name: Mo, Wen-Hui
name: Chen, Hua-Yan
name: Johnson, Norman F.
name: Pang, Hong
name: Ma, Li
name: Liu, Jing-Xian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Scelionidae
Oxyscelio
Oxyscelio dermatoglyphes

description: Oxyscelio dermatoglyphes Burks http://zoobank.org/ BF3D2E8D-3434-4B3B-88AA-70122522496D Figures 83–86 Oxyscelio dermatoglyphes Burks, 2013: 16, 22, 113 (original description, keyed, placed in florus species group); Johnson et al. 2013: 19 (new distribution record for China). Material Examined. Other material: (1 male) CHINA: 1 male, Zhejiang, Tianmushan, Xianrending, 30°20.56’N 119°26.03’E, 25–29.VII.2011, sweeping, Chen Huayan, SCAU 201100082 (SCAU).
description: Published as part of Mo, Wen-Hui, Chen, Hua-Yan, Johnson, Norman F., Pang, Hong, Ma, Li & Liu, Jing-Xian, 2020, Revision of the genus Oxyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) from China, pp. 251-310 in Zootaxa 4816 (3) on page 271, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4816.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3954285
description: {"references": ["Johnson, N. F., Burks, R. A., Austin, A. & Xu, Z. (2013) Chinese species of egg-parasitoids of the genera Oxyscelio Kieffer, Heptascelio Kieffer and Platyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae s. l., Scelioninae). Biodiversity Data Journal, 1, e 987. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / BDJ. 1. e 987"]}
The completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: measurement of the growth rate of structure from the small-scale clustering of the luminous red galaxy sample
Creators: name: Chapman, Michael J.
name: Mohammad, Faizan G.
name: Zhai, Zhongxu
name: Percival, Will J.
name: Tinker, Jeremy L.
name: Bautista, Julian E.
name: Brownstein, Joel R.
name: Burtin, Etienne
name: Dawson, Kyle S.
name: Gil-Marín, Héctor
name: de la Macorra, Axel
name: Ross, Ashley J.
name: Rossi, Graziano
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Zhao, Gong-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the small-scale clustering of the Data Release 16 extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Luminous Red Galaxy sample, corrected for fibre-collisions using Pairwise Inverse Probability weights, which give unbiased clustering measurements on all scales. We fit to the monopole and quadrupole moments and to the projected correlation function over the separation range $7-60\,h^{-1}$Mpc with a model based on the Aemulus cosmological emulator to measure the growth rate of cosmic structure, parameterized by $fσ_8$. We obtain a measurement of $fσ_8(z=0.737)=0.408\pm0.038$, which is $1.4σ$ lower than the value expected from 2018 Planck data for a flat $Λ$CDM model, and is more consistent with recent weak-lensing measurements. The level of precision achieved is 1.7 times better than more standard measurements made using only the large-scale modes of the same sample. We also fit to the data using the full range of scales $0.1-60\,h^{-1}$Mpc modelled by the Aemulus cosmological emulator and find a $4.5σ$ tension in the amplitude of the halo velocity field with the Planck+$Λ$CDM model, driven by a mismatch on the non-linear scales. This may not be cosmological in origin, and could be due to a breakdown in the Halo Occupation Distribution model used in the emulator. Finally, we perform a robust analysis of possible sources of systematics, including the effects of redshift uncertainty and incompleteness due to target selection that were not included in previous analyses fitting to clustering measurements on small scales.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures, published in MNRAS
Sovraffollamento carcerario: i criteri dettati dalla sentenza Dorobantu per il calcolo degli spazi. Una “bussola” per le scelte da compiere in periodo di emergenza sanitaria?
Creators: name: Gaudieri, Alessio
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2020
Subjects: European arrest warrant
Prison overcrowding
Judicial cooperation in criminal matters
Inhuman or degrading treatments
Covid-19

description: After briefly describing the context in which the orientation of the Dorobantu judgment developed, the contribution analyses the principles and criteria for calculating the spaces that the European Court of Justice has identified to ascertain prison overcrowding, an indication of inhuman or degrading treatment. The purpose of the article is to verify the useful use of these criteria developed in ordinary times even during the period of diffusion of the COVID-19, in order to ascertain their reasonableness and possible future developments.
Adult HIV care resources, management practices and patient characteristics in the Phase 1 IeDEA Central Africa cohort
Creators: name: Atibu, Joseph
name: Divaris, Kimon
name: Newman, Jamie
name: Akam, Wilfred
name: Woelk, Godfrey
name: Azinyue, Innocent
name: Balimba, Ashu
name: Hemingway-Foday, Jennifer
name: Mugisha, Veronicah
name: Mfangam Molu, Brigitte
name: Kiumbu, Modeste
name: Mukumbi, Henri
name: Kalenga, Lucien
name: Niyongabo, Théodore
name: Dusengamungu, Cyrille
name: Mushingantahe, Jules
name: Mbaya, Marcel
name: Nash, Denis
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: IntroductionDespite recent advances in the management of HIV infection and increased access to treatment, prevention, care and support, the HIV/AIDS epidemic continues to be a major global health problem, with sub-Saharan Africa suffering by far the greatest humanitarian, demographic and socio-economic burden of the epidemic. Information on HIV/AIDS clinical care and established cohorts’ characteristics in the Central Africa region are sparse.MethodsA survey of clinical care resources, management practices and patient characteristics was undertaken among 12 adult HIV care sites in four countries of the International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS Central Africa (IeDEA-CA) Phase 1 regional network in October 2009. These facilities served predominantly urban populations and offered primary care in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC; six sites), secondary care in Rwanda (two sites) and tertiary care in Cameroon (three sites) and Burundi (one site).ResultsDespite some variation in facility characteristics, sites reported high levels of monitoring resources, including electronic databases, as well as linkages to prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programs. At the time of the survey, there were 21,599 HIV-positive adults (median age=37 years) enrolled in the clinical cohort. Though two-thirds were women, few adults (6.5%) entered HIV care through prevention of mother-to-child transmission services, whereas 55% of the cohort entered care through voluntary counselling and testing. Two-thirds of patients at sites in Cameroon and DRC were in WHO Stage III and IV at baseline, whereas nearly all patients in the Rwanda facilities with clinical stage information available were in Stage I and II. WHO criteria were used for antiretroviral therapy initiation. The most common treatment regimen was stavudine/lamivudine/nevirapine (64%), followed by zidovudine/lamivudine/nevirapine (19%).ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate the feasibility of establishing large clinical cohorts of HIV-positive individuals in a relatively short amount of time in spite of challenges experienced by clinics in resource-limited settings such as those in this region. Country differences in the cohort's site and patient characteristics were noted. This information sets the stage for the development of research initiatives and additional programs to enhance adult HIV care and treatment in Central Africa.