cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A High-Resolution Investigation of the Multi-Phase ISM in a Galaxy during the First Two Billion Years
Creators: name: Dye, S.
name: Eales, S. A.
name: Gomez, H. L.
name: Jones, G. C.
name: Smith, M. W. L.
name: Borsato, E.
name: Moss, A.
name: Dunne, L.
name: Maresca, J.
name: Amvrosiadis, A.
name: Negrello, M.
name: Marchetti, L.
name: Corsini, E. M.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Bendo, G. J.
name: Bakx, T.
name: Cooray, A.
name: Cox, P.
name: Dannerbauer, H.
name: Serjeant, S.
name: Riechers, D.
name: Temi, P.
name: Vlahakis, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out the first spatially-resolved investigation of the multi-phase interstellar medium (ISM) at high redshift, using the z=4.24 strongly-lensed sub-millimetre galaxy H-ATLASJ142413.9+022303 (ID141). We present high-resolution (down to ~350 pc) ALMA observations in dust continuum emission and in the CO(7-6), H_2O (2_{1,1} - 2_{0,2}), CI(1-0) and CI(2-1) lines, the latter two allowing us to spatially resolve the cool phase of the ISM for the first time. Our modelling of the kinematics reveals that the system appears to be dominated by a rotationally-supported gas disk with evidence of a nearby perturber. We find that the CI(1-0) line has a very different distribution to the other lines, showing the existence of a reservoir of cool gas that might have been missed in studies of other galaxies. We have estimated the mass of the ISM using four different tracers, always obtaining an estimate in the range (3.2-3.8) x 10^{11} M_sol, significantly higher than our dynamical mass estimate of (0.8-1.3) x 10^{11} M_sol. We suggest that this conflict and other similar conflicts reported in the literature is because the gas-to-tracer ratios are ~4 times lower than the Galactic values used to calibrate the ISM in high-redshift galaxies. We demonstrate that this could result from a top-heavy initial mass function and strong chemical evolution. Using a variety of quantitative indicators, we show that, extreme though it is at z=4.24, ID141 will likely join the population of quiescent galaxies that appears in the Universe at z~3.
description: This article has been accepted for publication in MNRAS, published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. 24 pages
Pseudo-Newtonian and general relativistic barotropic tori in Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetimes
Creators: name: Stuchlik, Z.
name: Slany, P.
name: Kovar, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pseudo-Newtonian gravitational potential introduced in spherically symmetric black-hole spacetimes with a repulsive cosmological constant is tested for equilibrium toroidal configurations of barotropic perfect fluid orbiting the black holes. Shapes and potential depths are determined for the marginally stable barotropic tori with uniform distribution of specific angular momentum, using both the pseudo-Newtonian and fully relativistic approach. For the adiabatic (isoentropic) perfect fluid, temperature profiles, mass-density and pressure profiles and total masses of pseudo-Newtonian and relativistic tori are compared providing important information on the relevance of the test-disc approximation in both the approaches. It is shown that the pseudo-Newtonian approach can be precise enough and useful for the modelling of accretion discs in the Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetimes with the cosmological parameter y=Lambda M^(2)/3 < 10^(-6). For astrophysically relevant black holes with y<10^(-25), this statement is tested and shown to be precise in few percent for both accretion and excretion tori and for the marginally bound, i.e., maximally extended tori allowing simultaneous inflow to the black hole and outflow to the outer space.
description: 36 pages, 13 figures, 5 tables
title: Nutrient and Water Interrelationships between Crested Wheatgrass and Two Shrub Species
Creators: name: Baker, Paul B.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1988

description: When crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum) grows in mixture with sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), its production declines. Its production increases when grown in mixture with fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens), according to previous reports. This study investigated soil water extraction and potassium (K) nutrition of the two shrubs to identify possible causes of the differential responses of crested wheatgrass. Crested wheatgrass had reduced, rather than increased, nitrogen (N) and K yield in mixture with fourwing saltbush. No differences in N and phosphorous (P) concentrations were observed between sagebrush and fourwing saltbush, but fourwing saltbush had a much higher K concentration and returned nearly twice as much K to the soil as sagebrush by throughfall and litterfall. Throughfall additions were much greater than those from litterfall. AK-fertilization/water-stress, two-factor greenhouse experiment was conducted with crested wheatgrass. High- and medium-K-fertilization treatments had highest tissue K concentration, but biomass yield was reduced in waterstressed plants with high K-fertilization. A difference of 1.56 MPa in osmotic adjustment was observed between waterstressed plants with high K-fertilization and irrigated, low-K-fertilization plants. These results suggest that K accumulation in fourwing saltbush may be a factor for enhanced crested wheatgrass productivity. Crested wheatgrass grown in mixture with fourwing saltbush had lowered predawn and mid-day xylem water potentials compared with monoculture and sagebrush mixture plots, but no other treatment differences were observed for any species. Fourwing saltbush monoculture plots had the most uniform water extraction rates and may compete less for water than sagebrush when crested wheatgrass extraction rates are highest.
title: The Feasibility of River Otter Reintroduction in Northern Utah
Creators: name: Bich, Joel P.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1988

description: The purpose of this thesis is to document river otter (Lutra canadensis) distribution and reintroduction potential in northern Utah. Distribution was studied using data from 3 sources: 1) otter sighting records from Utah Division of Wildlife Resources; 2) surveys of Utah furbearer trappers and natural resources personnel; and 3) searches of streams for otter sign. Potential for river otter habitat/reintroduction was evaluated by assessing food, cover, and reintroduction attributes. Streams were ranked using an evaluation system based on data from the otter literature. Forty-six positive otter sightings were made in Utah by trappers, natural resources personnel, and the public, 1964-1988. Only 1.3% of 844.4 km of northern Utah streams had otter sign during winter and summer searches. General characteristics of northern Utah streams such as habitat type and stream gradient are suitable for river otters. However, stream alterations and livestock grazing have negatively impacted potential otter habitat. Ninety-four percent of the studied streams are presently unacceptable for reintroductions. Escape cover is the most limited habitat attribute, but food appears to be available in adequate quantities. We recommend no otter reintroductions be made until riparian zones are rehabilitated and protected. Reestablishment of stream bank vegetation is essential to provide escape cover for reintroduced otters. We also recommend control of pollution inputs and no further construction of reservoirs. Surveys of otter distribution and evaluation of potential reintroduction should be done on the Colorado River drainage in Utah.
Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the top quark decay via model-independent FCNC couplings
Creators: name: Zhang, Jia Jun
name: Li, Chong Sheng
name: Gao, Jun
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Li, Zhao
name: Yuan, C. -P.
name: Yuan, Tzu-Chiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: D0 and CDF collaborations at the Fermilab Tevatron have searched for non-standard-model single top-quark production and set upper limits on the anomalous top quark flavor-changing neutral current (FCNC) couplings $κ^g_{tc}/Λ$ and $κ^g_{tu}/Λ$ using the measurement of total cross section calculated at the next-to-leading order (NLO) in QCD. In this Letter, we report on the effect of anomalous FCNC couplings to various decay branching ratios of the top quark, calculated at the NLO. This result is not only mandatory for a consistent treatment of both the top quark production and decay via FCNC couplings by D0 and CDF at the Tevatron but is also important for the study of ATLAS and CMS sensitivity to these anomalous couplings at the CERN LHC. We find that the NLO corrections to the partial decay widths of the three decay channels $ t\to q + g$, $ t\to q + γ$ and $ t\to q + Z$ are at the order of 10% in magnitude and modify their branching ratios by about 20%, 0.4% and 2%, respectively, as compared to their leading order predictions.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, minor changes, typos corrected
title: Factors Affecting Recovery from Defoliation during Drought in Two Aridland Tussock Grasses
Creators: name: Busso, Carlos A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1988

description: The importance of several factors in limiting recovery from defoliation was investigated in field-grown plants of Agropyron desertorum and Agropyron spicatum exposed to drought , natural or irrigated conditions. Leaf extension rate, components of leaf area production, number of metabolically active axillary buds and carbohydrate availability were examined on the same plants immediately after defoliation and/or in the following spring from 1984 until 1986.
The diurnal course of leaf growth did not relate to turgor pressure in the expanded portion of leaf laminae. Rather growth was apparently associated with air temperature. Leaf extension rate was lower under drought than under better moisture levels during 1984 to 1986. For both species, reduced growth rates and shorter growth periods resulted in reduced tiller height, leaf number and leaf size under drought compared with natural or irrigated conditions in 1985 and 1986, but not in 1984. As a result, leaf area and/or yields were also lower under drought in 1985 and 1986, and lowest under drought plus defoliation in 1986. Production of daughter tillers immediately after defoliation was also lowest under drought.
Regrowth capacity of both species was not limited by axillary bud number, size or viability immediately after defoliation under any water level in 1986. In early spring, however, tiller number and growth were lower on clipped than on unclipped plants of both species under drought and irrigated conditions in 1986, and under all water levels in 1987; this resulted in considerably reduced photosynthetic canopies on clipped plants.
Crown and root total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) pools were higher under drought than under better moisture levels in A. desertorum and A. spicatum in early spring 1986. These high pools of TNC apparently enhanced the production of etiolated regrowth in both species when meristematic limitations did not exist in early spring.
The productive potential of both Agropyron species will probably not be affected following a late and severe defoliation under drought. However, vegetative growth and/or productivity, and probably the persistence of these species in the community, will be reduced after two or more years of late and heavy defoliations under drought.
Estimating the ages of open star clusters from properties of their extended tidal tails
Creators: name: Dinnbier, František
name: Kroupa, Pavel
name: Šubr, Ladislav
name: Jeřábková, Tereza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most accurate current methods for determining the ages of open star clusters, stellar associations and stellar streams are based on isochrone fitting or the lithium depletion boundary. We propose another method for dating these objects based on the morphology of their extended tidal tails, which have been recently discovered around several open star clusters. Assuming that the early-appearing tidal tails, the so called tidal tails I, originate from the stars released from the cluster during early gas expulsion, or that they form in the same star forming region as the cluster (i.e. being coeval with the cluster), we derive the analytical formula for the tilt angle $β$ between the long axis of the tidal tail and the orbital direction for clusters or streams on circular trajectories. Since at a given Galactocentric radius, $β$ is only a function of age $t$ regardless of the initial properties of the cluster, we estimate the cluster age by inverting the analytical formula $β= β(t)$. We illustrate the method on a sample of $12$ objects, which we compiled from the literature, and we find a reasonable agreement with previous dating methods in $\approx 70$% of the cases. This can probably be improved by taking into account the eccentricity of the orbits and by revisiting the dating methods based on stellar evolution. The proposed morphological method is suitable for relatively young clusters (age $\lesssim 300$ Myr), where it provides a relative age error of the order of $10$ to $20$% for an error in the observed tilt angle of $5 ^\circ$.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, Accepted by ApJ
The kinematics of coronal mass ejections using multiscale methods
Creators: name: Byrne, Jason P.
name: Gallagher, Peter T.
name: McAteer, R. T. James
name: Young, C. Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diffuse morphology and transient nature of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) make them difficult to identify and track using traditional image processing techniques. We apply multiscale methods to enhance the visibility of the faint CME front. This enables an ellipse characterisation to objectively study the changing morphology and kinematics of a sample of events imaged by the Large Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) onboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) and the Sun Earth Connection Coronal and Heliospheric Investigation (SECCHI) onboard the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO). The accuracy of these methods allows us to test the CMEs for non-constant acceleration and expansion. We exploit the multiscale nature of CMEs to extract structure with a multiscale decomposition, akin to a Canny edge detector. Spatio-temporal filtering highlights the CME front as it propagates in time. We apply an ellipse parameterisation of the front to extract the kinematics (height, velocity, acceleration) and changing morphology (width, orientation). The kinematic evolution of the CMEs discussed in this paper have been shown to differ from existing catalogues. These catalogues are based upon running-difference techniques that can lead to over-estimating CME heights. Our resulting kinematic curves are not well-fitted with the constant acceleration model. It is shown that some events have high acceleration below $\sim$5 R$_{\sun}$. Furthermore, we find that the CME angular widths measured by these catalogues are over-estimated, and indeed for some events our analysis shows non-constant CME expansion across the plane-of-sky.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication
title: The Modeling and Measurement of Respiratory Carbon Use and Net Carbon Gain of Two Agropyron Bunchgrasses
Creators: name: Thorgeirsson, Halldor
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1988

description: The rate of photosynthetic carbon fixation and of root and shoot xiv respiratory carbon use was measured in the laboratory and in the field (shoots only) for Agropyron desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schult. and Agropyron spicatum (Pursh) Scribn. and Smith. The rate of respiratory carbon use of the root system declined within hours of the shading or defoliation of the shoot system, resulting in as much as 60% reduction in specific rate of root respiration. The mean whole-plant growth efficiency (the ratio of whole-plant net carbon gain to gross photosynthetic carbon fixation) in full irradiance in the laboratory was 0.53 and was reduced both by shading and defoliation. The mean conversion efficiency was o. 70 and o. 73, and the mean maintenance coefficient 20°c was 10.8 and 9.9 mmol C mol C-1 d-1 for A. desertorum and A. spicatum, respectively. These maintenance coefficients are lower than previously reported for fast growing crop plants.
The rate of respiratory carbon use and the dynamics of labile carbon compounds were simulated both for intact plants and for plants regrowing following defoliation. The partitioning of assimilates between root and shoot was explicitly modeled to make the separate simulation of root and shoot respiration possible . The simulated daily net mobilization of labile carbon compounds exceeded carbon input from photosynthesis for only the first one-to-two days of regrowth, depending on the severity of the defoliation.
The instantaneous rate of respiratory carbon use of the shoot system in the field during short-term light exclusion during the day was higher than the rate at the same temperature during the subsequent night. The Qio of shoot respiration was estimated to be 2.1-2.2. The mean growth efficiency in the field for the shoots only was 0.65 for sunny days. This efficiency was higher than the whole-plant growth efficiency in the laboratory because root respiration was not measured in the field .
$2+1$ dimensional Floquet systems and lattice fermions: Exact bulk spectral equivalence
Creators: name: Iadecola, Thomas
name: Sen, Srimoyee
name: Sivertsen, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A connection has recently been proposed between periodically driven systems known as Floquet insulators in continuous time and static fermion theories in discrete time. This connection has been established in a $(1+1)$-dimensional free theory, where an explicit mapping between the spectra of a Floquet insulator and a discrete-time Dirac fermion theory has been formulated. Here we investigate the potential of static discrete-time theories to capture Floquet physics in higher dimensions, where so-called anomalous Floquet topological insulators can emerge that feature chiral edge states despite having bulk bands with zero Chern number. Starting from a particular model of an anomalous Floquet system, we provide an example of a static discrete-time theory whose bulk spectrum is an exact analytic match for the Floquet spectrum. The spectra with open boundary conditions in a particular strip geometry also match up to finite-size corrections. However, the models differ in several important respects. The discrete-time theory is spatially anisotropic, so that the spectra do not agree for all lattice terminations, e.g. other strip geometries or on half spaces. This difference can be attributed to the fact that the static discrete-time model is quasi-one-dimensional in nature and therefore has a different bulk-boundary correspondence than the Floquet model.
description: 11 figures
title: A Model of Energy Expenditure in White-tailed Jackrabbits (Lepus townsendii) Based on Integrated Studies of Energetics and Field Ecology
Creators: name: Rogowitz, Gordon L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1988

description: Field and laboratory studies were conducted to develop a model of energy expenditure in a population of white-tailed jackrabbits (Lepus townsendii). Field work in southwestern Wyoming during 1985-87 showed that the breeding season commenced at snowmelt and ceased during late- July drought. Adult females reproduced relatively synchronously and produced a mean of three litters annually. Greatest fetal production occurred in the second litter period. Collections indicated a 1:1 sex ratio, few jackrabbits >2 years-old, and a density of 7 animals / km2 in the population. Postnatal growth was sigmoidal, culminating in heavier adult females than males. Using radio -telemetry, a circadian rhythm was detected in jackrabbit activity, with movement beginning after sunset and ending by sunrise. Observations showed that season, snow cover, weather, lunar phase, and predators influenced activity. Energetics studies established the pattern of seasonal acclimatization in the
jackrabbit. Basal metabolic rate (BMR), pelage thickness, and body temperature increased but overall thermal conductance (C) and the lower critical temperature (LCT) declined from summer to winter. High winds and low air temperatures elevated metabolism interactively and their effects were most pronounced during summer. Metabolic rate dee lined with incident radiation at Ta< LCT during winter but not during summer. In newborn jackrabbits, body temperature dropped despite increased metabolism at Ta< 25°C. Cold tolerance and homeothermy developed with age. Based on these and published data, a FORTRAN model was written that simulated the energy expenditure of a population of jackrabbits. Metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance , thermoregulation, reproduction, growth, and activity were estimated. The model indicated that most energy (kJ·kg - l.day- 1) was required by adult females during lactation, adult males at the onset of breeding, and newborn juveniles. Energy expenditures for adult females, adult males, and juveniles were 191, 130, and 224 MJ·individual-1·km-2·yr-1, respectively. Total energy expenditure increased with wind and lower air temperature and decreased if juvenile huddling was simulated. The model indicated that the jackrabbit population is not limited by food. Estimated percent consumption of forage energy was 4%, assuming 50% of phytomass was edible, the population density = 100 jackrabbits/km2, metabolizable energy efficiency= 0.4, and the air was calm.
Some aspects of the biology of the spurwinged plover - Vanellus miles novaehollandiae (Stephens, 1819)
Creators: name: Temple-Smith, PDM
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Research was made into aspects of the biology of the spurwinged plover - Vanellus miles novaehollandiae, a member of the family Charadriidae. The distribution, status and habits of the spurwinged plover and the related banded plover, Vanellus tricolor, were studied in Tasmania. The methods used in this study were a road survey of selected areas of Tasmania and a set of survey questionnaires sent to 250 Tasmanian schools. The survey demonstrated marked contrast between the two species with regard to their general ecological requirements. An analysis of their morphological characteristics and their function was made in spurwinged plovers with special reference to wing spurs and wattles and their use in behaviour. Field studies in behaviour in spurwinged plovers were made in the breading and non-breading seasons. Observations and descriptions were made of the behavioural sequences and postures of spurwinged plovers and the social structure of a flock on the campus of the University of Tasmania was briefly studied. Indications of a flock social hierarchy were apparent. Stomach analyses of 28 plovers shot on cultivated land and tidal flats were compared. Difference in stomch contents occured and it was found that birds on tidal flats fed on small marine molluscs and polychaete worms. Breeding biology studies were made in relation to; territories, nest construction, laying, incubation, hatching and chick development. The study area was Kingston Beach Golf Course. A preliminary sonagraph analysis was carried out on some commol calls of the spurwinged plover.
Data Publishing in Mechanics and Dynamics: Challenges, Guidelines, and Examples from Engineering Design
Creators: name: Ebel, Henrik
name: van Delden, Jan
name: Lüddecke, Timo
name: Borse, Aditya
name: Gulakala, Rutwik
name: Stoffel, Marcus
name: Yadav, Manish
name: Stender, Merten
name: Schindler, Leon
name: de Payrebrune, Kristin Miriam
name: Raff, Maximilian
name: Remy, C. David
name: Röder, Benedict
name: Raj, Rohit
name: Rentschler, Tobias
name: Tismer, Alexander
name: Riedelbauch, Stefan
name: Eberhard, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Data-based methods have gained increasing importance in engineering, especially but not only driven by successes with deep artificial neural networks. Success stories are prevalent, e.g., in areas such as data-driven modeling, control and automation, as well as surrogate modeling for accelerated simulation. Beyond engineering, generative and large-language models are increasingly helping with tasks that, previously, were solely associated with creative human processes. Thus, it seems timely to seek artificial-intelligence-support for engineering design tasks to automate, help with, or accelerate purpose-built designs of engineering systems, e.g., in mechanics and dynamics, where design so far requires a lot of specialized knowledge. However, research-wise, compared to established, predominantly first-principles-based methods, the datasets used for training, validation, and test become an almost inherent part of the overall methodology. Thus, data publishing becomes just as important in (data-driven) engineering science as appropriate descriptions of conventional methodology in publications in the past. This article analyzes the value and challenges of data publishing in mechanics and dynamics, in particular regarding engineering design tasks, showing that the latter raise also challenges and considerations not typical in fields where data-driven methods have been booming originally. Possible ways to deal with these challenges are discussed and a set of examples from across different design problems shows how data publishing can be put into practice. The analysis, discussions, and examples are based on the research experience made in a priority program of the German research foundation focusing on research on artificially intelligent design assistants in mechanics and dynamics.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures
Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) and Enhanced Root Mean Square Error (ERMSE): Deep Learning for Stock Price Movement Prediction
Creators: name: Kumar, Ashish
name: Alsadoon, Abeer
name: Prasad, P. W. C.
name: Abdullah, Salma
name: Rashid, Tarik A.
name: Pham, Duong Thu Hang
name: Nguyen, Tran Quoc Vinh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The prediction of stock price movement direction is significant in financial circles and academic. Stock price contains complex, incomplete, and fuzzy information which makes it an extremely difficult task to predict its development trend. Predicting and analysing financial data is a nonlinear, time-dependent problem. With rapid development in machine learning and deep learning, this task can be performed more effectively by a purposely designed network. This paper aims to improve prediction accuracy and minimizing forecasting error loss through deep learning architecture by using Generative Adversarial Networks. It was proposed a generic model consisting of Phase-space Reconstruction (PSR) method for reconstructing price series and Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) which is a combination of two neural networks which are Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) as Generative model and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) as Discriminative model for adversarial training to forecast the stock market. LSTM will generate new instances based on historical basic indicators information and then CNN will estimate whether the data is predicted by LSTM or is real. It was found that the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) has performed well on the enhanced root mean square error to LSTM, as it was 4.35% more accurate in predicting the direction and reduced processing time and RMSE by 78 secs and 0.029, respectively. This study provides a better result in the accuracy of the stock index. It seems that the proposed system concentrates on minimizing the root mean square error and processing time and improving the direction prediction accuracy, and provides a better result in the accuracy of the stock index.
description: 18 pages. Multimed Tools Appl, 2021
Additional file 2 of Development of a rapid and sensitive immunochromatographic strip based on EuNPs-ES fluorescent probe for the detection of early Trichinella spiralis-specific IgG antibody in pigs
Creators: name: Wang, Xinyu
name: Tang, Bin
name: Zhao, Ying
name: Ding, Jing
name: Wang, Nan
name: Liu, Yan
name: Dong, Zijian
name: Sun, Xiangdong
name: Xu, Quangang
name: Liu, Mingyuan
name: Liu, Xiaolei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Serum samples from pigs infected with 100 ML detected by Qiagen ELISA. (S/P values were expressed as the means ± SD of five independent pigs).
A meta-analysis of the relationship between paraoxonase 1 polymorphisms and cancer
Creators: name: Liu, Ping
name: Wang, Qishun
name: Cui, Yongsheng
name: Wang, Jian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Some previous studies already explored associations between paraoxonase 1 (PON1) polymorphisms and cancer, with conflicting findings. Here, we aimed to better analyse the relationship between PON1 polymorphisms and cancer in a larger combined population by performing a meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for related articles. We calculated odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to estimate whether there are genetic associations between PON1 polymorphisms and cancer. Forty studies were included for this meta-analysis. The PON1 rs854560 polymorphism (L55M) was found to be significantly associated with cancer in general population (dominant comparison: p = .04, OR = 0.85, 95%CI 0.73–0.99; recessive comparison: p = .007, OR = 1.27, 95%CI 1.07–1.51; allele comparison: p = 0.02, OR = 0.85, 95%CI 0.75–0.97). Subgroup analyses indicated that the significant findings were mainly driven by the haematological tumours and breast cancer subgroups. We did not observe any positive findings for PON1 rs662 polymorphism (Q192R) in combined analyses. In summary, this meta-analysis proved that PON1 rs854560 polymorphism could be used to identify individual with elevated susceptibility to cancer, especially for haematological tumours and breast cancer.
Additional file 1 of PMS2 mutation spectra in Norway and risk of cancer for carriers of pathogenic variants
Creators: name: Sjursen, Wenche
name: Hyldebrandt, Hanne K.
name: Lavik, Liss Anne S.
name: Haukanes, Bjørn Ivar
name: Ariansen, Sarah
name: Briskemyr, Siri
name: Sylvander, Anna E.
name: Haavind, Marianne T.
name: Olsen, Maren F.
name: Røyset, Elin S.
name: Vetti, Hildegunn
name: Stormorken, Astrid
name: Grindedal, Eli Marie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Virology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Jet evolution in Yang-Mills-Wong simulations
Creators: name: Schenke, Bjoern
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for collisional energy loss and momentum broadening of high momentum partons in a hot and dense non-Abelian plasma obtained by solving the coupled system of Yang-Mills-Wong equations on a lattice in real time. Including hard elastic collisions among the particles we obtain cutoff independent results for the collisional energy loss dE/dx and the transport coefficient q-hat. The latter is found to receive a sizable contribution from a power-law tail in the transverse momentum distribution of high-momentum partons. We further argue that the effect of instabilities on jet broadening should be accessible by experiment when employing jet cones with elliptical bases or studying correlations within the cone in full jet reconstruction methods.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures - To appear in the conference proceedings for Quark Matter 2009, March 30 - April 4, Knoxville, Tennessee - minor format changes, added comment on determining jet anisotropy in jet reconstruction methods
An essay arguing against moral responsibility : how metaphysical libertarianism does not support blameworthiness
Creators: name: Warren, DJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: In this paper I argue that metaphysical libertarianism does not entail desserts based moral responsibility. I argue that regardless of the truth of free will, no-one ever deserves to be praised or blamed for their actions. I begin my discussion by arguing that either universal determinism is true, or something very much like it is true (e.g. mechanism). I go on to argue that the truth of either of these would be incompatible with the notion of free will that most people have, and that any notion of free will that can be made compatible with them would be nonsensical, and would not seem to be very free. I thus argue that compatibilism could not give us the sort of free will that could be thought to bestow desserts based moral responsibility. (It should go without saying that the falseness of free will would mean we are not morally accountable!) I next discuss various forms of libertarianism, and argue that agent causation theory is the only account of libertarianism that could sensibly be held to bestow us with moral responsibility, with all other accounts failing to provide us with something that actually sounds like free will (e.g. Ginet, who argues that 'free' actions are really random actions that merely feel free). I also argue that agent causation theory is a more sophisticated way of expressing what most members of the general public mean by the term 'free will'. I then go on to argue that even if agent causation theory were true, our psychology would effectively act very much like a deterministic force, to the extent that we would be as good as determined, and therefore, we would not be morally responsible for our actions. Thus, I argue that no-one is ever truly deserving of praise or blame. Next, I argue that utilitarianism is not threatened by the notion that we are not morally responsible ‚Äö- quite the contrary, this is good new for utilitarians, for it does away with many issues around justice ‚Äö- and that not seeing others as blameworthy leads to us being kinder to others, thus leading to much positive utility. Finally, I argue that we should amend our justice system so as to remove purely retributive punishments; we should still use deterrents, and I very much encourage rehabilitation
title: The Effects of the Spatial Pattern of Defoliation on Regrowth of a Tussock Grass
Creators: name: Gold, Warren G.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1988

description: The influence of the spatial pattern of foliage removal on regrowth was investigated in the field with a tussock grass, Agropyron desertorum. Tussocks were hand clipped in different spatial patterns that represented extremes of defoliation patterns which could be inflicted by natural herbivores. All defoliated tussocks exhibited increases in specific growth rates following clipping in mid-May. When foliage was removed from the upper portion of the canopy (younger foliage), regrowth rates and season-long aboveground biomass production were less than if the same amount of foliage was removed from low in the canopy (older foliage). The spatial pattern of defoliation also influenced tussock regrowth in a late-May clipping experiment, but differences in the effects of the clipping patterns were associated with the removal of apical meristems rather than with the age or location of foliage removed.
Changes in tussock carbon dioxide and water vapor exchange that were associated with changes in growth following mid-May clipping were explored. All clipped tussocks showed increases in integrated daytime carbon dioxide uptake per unit foliage area after defoliation. Differences among treatments in the response of net daytime carbon gain during the first 24 hours after clipping corresponded well with differences in tussock regrowth over a 14-day period following clipping. Increased carbon gain of clipped tussocks was associated with increases in tussock water vapor conductance and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration, and decreases in the ratio of carbon dioxide uptake to water vapor loss.
Differences among treatments in daytime carbon gain and regrowth were paralleled by the response of instantaneous rates of light-saturated net photosynthesis for entire tussocks. Defoliation increased the proportion of foliage directly illuminated within the tussock at solar noon. Changes in the fraction of sunlit foliage and the relative amounts of different-aged foliage in tussock canopies were correlated with the responses of light-saturated photosynthesis. Thus, the effects of the spatial pattern of foliage removal on canopy light microclimate and the age of remaining foliage had important implications for carbon gain and regrowth of tussocks following mid-May defoliation.
Complexity for Open Quantum System
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Arpan
name: Hanif, Tanvir
name: Haque, S. Shajidul
name: Rahman, Md. Khaledur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the complexity for an open quantum system. Our system is a harmonic oscillator coupled to a one-dimensional massless scalar field, which acts as the bath. Specifically, we consider the reduced density matrix by tracing out the bath degrees of freedom for both regular and inverted oscillator and computed the complexity of purification (COP) and complexity by using the operator-state mapping. We found that when the oscillator is regular the COP saturates quickly for both underdamped and overdamped oscillators. Interestingly, when the oscillator is underdamped, we discover a kink like behaviour for the saturation value of COP with varying damping coefficient. For the inverted oscillator, we found a linear growth of COP with time for all values of bath-system interaction. However, when the interaction is increased the slope of the linear growth decreases, implying that the unstable nature of the system can be regulated by the bath.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
The effect of snake and spider images on the oculomotor system : an eye-tracking study
Creators: name: Wilson, SA
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Previous studies have demonstrated attentional bias to emotional images, including images of snakes and spiders. However, researchers are yet to compare attentional bias to snake and spider images in an eye-tracking study. Furthermore, there is evidence that suggests that primates have a predisposition to detect snakes, as they are evolutionarily relevant. The aim of this study was to assess attentional bias to spider and snake images via eye-tracking, and to see if such images are capable of inducing Pavlovian conditioning. Twenty-five participants underwent two dot probe tasks. It was hypothesised that emotional images would elicit faster oculomotor responses, that there would be no difference between spider and snake images, that there would be a conditioning effect, and that snakes would elicit a stronger conditioning effect given their ancestral relevance. Instead, results revealed that participants directed their gaze towards neutral images more quickly than emotional images. It is likely that the current study observed a later stage of attentional processing than previous work, which can be explained by the vigilant-avoidant hypothesis. It was also found that spider images elicited a greater emotional response than snake images. Lastly, Pavlovian conditioning to coloured shapes paired with the images was not observed.
Additional file 2 of Genetic characteristics associated with the virulence of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) with a naturally occurring truncated ORF3 gene
Creators: name: Lu, Ying
name: Huang, Weijian
name: Lu, Zhengpu
name: Zeng, Deping
name: Yu, Kechen
name: Bai, Jiaguo
name: Qin, Qiuying
name: Long, Meijin
name: Qin, Yifeng
name: Chen, Ying
name: Wei, Zuzhang
name: Ouyang, Kang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Homology analysis of the 17GXCZ-1ORF3d and 17GXCZ-1ORF3c variants.
A hot Mars-sized exoplanet transiting an M dwarf
Creators: name: Cañas, Caleb I.
name: Mahadevan, Suvrath
name: Cochran, William D.
name: Bender, Chad F.
name: Feigelson, Eric D.
name: Harman, C. E.
name: Kopparapu, Ravi Kumar
name: Caceres, Gabriel A.
name: Diddams, Scott A.
name: Endl, Michael
name: Ford, Eric B.
name: Halverson, Samuel
name: Hearty, Fred
name: Jones, Sinclaire
name: Kanodia, Shubham
name: Lin, Andrea S. J.
name: Metcalf, Andrew J.
name: Monson, Andrew
name: Ninan, Joe P.
name: Ramsey, Lawrence W.
name: Robertson, Paul
name: Roy, Arpita
name: Schwab, Christian
name: Stefánsson, Guðmundur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We validate the planetary nature of an ultra-short period planet orbiting the M dwarf KOI-4777. We use a combination of space-based photometry from Kepler, high-precision, near-infrared Doppler spectroscopy from the Habitable-zone Planet Finder, and adaptive optics imaging to characterize this system. KOI-4777.01 is a Mars-sized exoplanet ($\mathrm{R}_{p}=0.51 \pm 0.03R_{\oplus}$) orbiting the host star every 0.412-days ($\sim9.9$-hours). This is the smallest validated ultra-short period planet known and we see no evidence for additional massive companions using our HPF RVs. We constrain the upper $3σ$ mass to $M_{p}<0.34~\mathrm{M_\oplus}$ by assuming the planet is less dense than iron. Obtaining a mass measurement for KOI-4777.01 is beyond current instrumental capabilities.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in AJ
Fermi surface in BaNi$_2$P$_2$
Creators: name: Terashima, Taichi
name: Kimata, Motoi
name: Satsukawa, Hidetaka
name: Harada, Atsushi
name: Hazama, Kaori
name: Imai, Motoharu
name: Uji, Shinya
name: Kito, Hijiri
name: Iyo, Akira
name: Eisaki, Hiroshi
name: Harima, Hisatomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) oscillation and a band structure calculation for the pnictide superconductor BaNi$_2$P$_2$, which is isostructural to BaFe$_2$As$_2$, the mother compound of the iron-pnictide high-$T_c$ superconductor (Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$)Fe$_2$As$_2$. Six dHvA-frequency branches with frequencies up to $\sim$8 kT were observed, and they are in excellent agreement with results of the band-structure calculation. The determined Fermi surface is large, enclosing about one electron and hole per formula unit, and three-dimensional. This is in contrast to the small two-dimensional Fermi surface expected for the iron-pnictide high-$T_c$ superconductors. The mass enhancement is about two.
description: To appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., Vol. 78, No. 3
title: Acquisition of Forgaging Skills by Lambs Eating Grass or Shrub
Creators: name: Flores, Enrique R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1988

description: I studied the acquisition of foraging skills by lambs eating shrub or grass in three experiments. The general approach was to isolate those skills involved in prehending forage from those related to the acceptance of novel foods. Treatment lambs received 15 times more exposure to grass or shrub than did control lambs. Lambs were tested in 2.5 x 2.5 meter monocultures of shrub or grass 5 min/d, on two separate occasions. Height, bulk density and spatial arrangement of plant material were controlled during testing. In Experiment 1, I studied the acquisition of foraging skills by lambs on monocultures of shrubs. I found that inexperienced lambs ingested less forage per unit time than experienced lambs because they had less developed prehension skills. Lambs were more successful at plucking individual leaves than breaking twigs from branches or stripping 1 eaves. Lambs emphasized prehension patterns that were most successful. In Experiment 2, I explored the extent to which foraging skills gained on shrub or grass are specific to shrub or grass. Grass-experienced lambs were more successful at prehending and ingesting grass than were shrub experienced lambs. No statistical differences were observed between shrub- and grass-experienced lambs at prehending and ingesting shrub although numerical values were higher for shrub- than grass-experienced lambs. I hypothesize that a relationship exists between plant form, prehension pattern and foraging experience. In Experiment 3, I studied the degree to which lambs experienced with grass or shrub vary in their ability to prehend and ingest vegetative and flowering grass. Grass- and shrub-experienced lambs ingested more flowering than vegetative grass per unit time. Grass-experienced lambs were more efficient than shrub-experienced lambs at prehending and ingesting vegetative and flowering grass. Shrub-experienced lambs experienced more difficulty at prehending flowering compared to vegetative grass while grass-experienced lambs did not.
Additional file 4 of Development of a rapid and sensitive immunochromatographic strip based on EuNPs-ES fluorescent probe for the detection of early Trichinella spiralis-specific IgG antibody in pigs
Creators: name: Wang, Xinyu
name: Tang, Bin
name: Zhao, Ying
name: Ding, Jing
name: Wang, Nan
name: Liu, Yan
name: Dong, Zijian
name: Sun, Xiangdong
name: Xu, Quangang
name: Liu, Mingyuan
name: Liu, Xiaolei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Larval densities in muscles of pigs infected with different doses of T. spiralis at 120 dpi. By the digestion method, we took 50–100 g six parts of muscle tissues (tongue, shoulder, foreleg, diaphragm, gluteus and hind leg) from experimental pig to calculate the average lpg. This data obtained previous work in our laboratory, and had been published.