cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Radioactive Probes of the Supernova-Contaminated Solar Nebula: Evidence that the Sun was Born in a Cluster
Creators: name: Looney, Leslie W.
name: Tobin, John J.
name: Fields, Brian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a simple model for radioisotopic enrichment of the protosolar nebula by injection from a nearby supernova, based on the inverse square law for ejecta dispersion. We find that the presolar radioisotopes abundances (i.e., in solar masses) demand a nearby supernova: its distance can be no larger than 66 times the size of the protosolar nebula, at a 90% confidence level, assuming 1 solar mass of protosolar material. The relevant size of the nebula depends on its state of evolution at the time of radioactivity injection. In one scenario, a collection of low-mass stars, including our sun, formed in a group or cluster with an intermediate- to high-mass star that ended its life as a supernova while our sun was still a protostar, a starless core, or perhaps a diffuse cloud. Using recent observations of protostars to estimate the size of the protosolar nebula constrains the distance of the supernova at 0.02 to 1.6 pc. The supernova distance limit is consistent with the scales of low-mass stars formation around one or more massive stars, but it is closer than expected were the sun formed in an isolated, solitary state. Consequently, if any presolar radioactivities originated via supernova injection, we must conclude that our sun was a member of such a group or cluster that has since dispersed, and thus that solar system formation should be understood in this context. In addition, we show that the timescale from explosion to the creation of small bodies was on the order of 1.8 Myr (formal 90% confidence range of 0 to 2.2 Myr), and thus the temporal choreography from supernova ejecta to meteorites is important. Finally, we can not distinguish between progenitor masses from 15 to 25 solar masses in the nucleosynthesis models; however, the 20 solar mass model is somewhat preferred.
description: ApJ accepted, 19 pages, 3 figures
Predicting neutrino parameters from SO(3) family symmetry and quark-lepton unification
Creators: name: King, S. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the neutrino mixing angles and oscillation phase can be predicted from tri-bimaximal neutrino mixing, corrected by charged lepton mixing angles which are related to quark mixing angles via quark-lepton unification. The tri-bimaximal neutrino mixing can naturally originate from the see-saw mechanism via constrained sequential dominance (CSD), where CSD can result from the vacuum alignment of a non-Abelian family symmetry such as SO(3). We construct a realistic model of quark and lepton masses and mixings based on SO(3) family symmetry with quark-lepton unification based on the Pati-Salam gauge group. The atmospheric angle is predicted to be approximately maximal $θ_{23}= 45^\circ$, corrected by the quark mixing angle $θ_{23}^{\mathrm{CKM}}\approx 2.4^\circ$, with the correction controlled by an undetermined phase in the quark sector. The solar angle is predicted by the tri-bimaximal complementarity relation: $θ_{12}+ \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\frac{θ_{\mathrm{C}}}{3} \cos (δ- π) \approx 35.26^\circ $, where $θ_{\mathrm{C}}$ is the Cabibbo angle and $δ$ is the neutrino oscillation phase. The reactor angle is predicted to be $θ_{13} \approx \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\frac{θ_{\mathrm{C}}}{3}\approx 3.06^\circ$. The MNS neutrino oscillation phase $δ$ is predicted in terms of the solar angle to be $\cos (δ- π) \approx (35.26^\circ - θ_{12}^\circ)/3.06^\circ $. These predictions can all be tested by future high precision neutrino oscillation experiments, thereby probing the nature of high energy quark-lepton unification.
description: 24 pages; references modified, footnote extended, version to appear in JHEP
Isotropy of low redshift type Ia Supernovae: A Bayesian analysis
Creators: name: Andrade, U.
name: Bengaly, C. A. P.
name: Alcaniz, J. S.
name: Santos, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard cosmology strongly relies upon the Cosmological Principle, which consists on the hypotheses of large scale isotropy and homogeneity of the Universe. Testing these assumptions is, therefore, crucial to determining if there are deviations from the standard cosmological paradigm. In this paper, we use the latest type Ia supernova compilations, namely JLA and Union2.1 to test the cosmological isotropy at low redshift ranges ($z<0.1$). This is performed through a Bayesian selection analysis, in which we compare the standard, isotropic model, with another one including a dipole correction due to peculiar velocities. We find that the Union2.1 sample favors the dipole-corrected model, but the opposite happens for the JLA. Nonetheless, the velocity dipole results are in good agreement with previous analyses carried out with both datasets. We conclude that there are no significant indications for large anisotropic signals from nearby supernova compilations, albeit this test should be greatly improved with the upcoming cosmological surveys.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables
Effect of charge on negative-phase-velocity propagation of electromagnetic waves in the ergosphere of a rotating black hole
Creators: name: Ross, Benjamin M.
name: Mackay, Tom G.
name: Lakhtakia, Akhlesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of charge promotes the propensity of a rotating black hole to support the propagation of electromagnetic plane waves with negative phase velocity (NPV) in its ergosphere, whether the Kerr-Newman or the Kerr-Sen metric descriptions of spacetime are considered. Striking differences in the NPV characteristics for the Kerr-Newman and Kerr-Sen metrics emerge from numerical studies, particularly close to the outer event horizon when the magnitude of the charge is large.
Bright nonblinking photoluminescence with blinking lifetime from a nanocavity-coupled quantum dot
Creators: name: Wang, Zhiyuan
name: Tang, Jianwei
name: Han, Jiahao
name: Xia, Juan
name: Ma, Tianzi
name: Chen, Xue-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are excellent luminescent nanomaterials for a broad range of optoelectronic applications. Their photoluminescence blinking, however, hinders their practical use in many aspects. It has been shown that coupling QDs to plasmonic nanostructures may provide a viable way to suppress blinking. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism of blinking suppression remains unclear and debated. Here, by deterministically coupling a single QD to a plasmonic nanocavity, we clarify the mechanism of blinking suppression, and demonstrate unprecedentedly bright emission from a single colloidal QD. In particular, we report for the first time that the coupled system exhibits nonblinking photoluminescence with blinking lifetime, which shows that the elimination of photoluminescence blinking originates from enhanced quantum yield of the charged states. We identify that the radiative decay rate is boosted from (48 ns)-1 to (0.7 ns)-1, which outcompetes Auger processes and enables similar quantum yields for charged and neutral excitons. Moreover, we demonstrate ultrabright photoluminescence of up to 17 million detected photons per second from a single QD. This work sheds new light on the goal of achieving ultrabright nonblinking QDs and may benefit a variety of QD-based applications.
description: 17 pages; 3 figures;
Saxifraga rotundifolia Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Saxifragales
Saxifragaceae
Saxifraga
Saxifraga rotundifolia

description: Saxifraga rotundifolia Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 403. 1753.
"Habitat in Alpibus Helveticis, Austriacis." RCN: 3161.
 Lectotype (Webb in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 95: 264. 1987): Herb. Linn. No. 575.42 (LINN).
 Current name:  Saxifraga rotundifolia  L. (Saxifragaceae).
 Note: Two Saxifraga species were given this epithet by Linnaeus, the other one (p. 401, non 403) being subsequently renamed by Linnaeus as S. hirsuta (1759).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part S), pp. 806-877 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 822, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Dual-carrier Floquet circulator with time-modulated optical resonators
Creators: name: Williamson, Ian A. D.
name: Mousavi, S. Hossein
name: Wang, Zheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatio-temporal modulation has shown great promise as a strong time-reversal symmetry breaking mechanism that enables integrated nonreciprocal devices and topological materials at optical frequencies. However, optical modulation has its own constraints in terms of modulation index and frequency, which limit the bandwidth and miniaturization of circulators and isolators, not unlike the magneto-optical schemes that it promises to replace. Here we propose and numerically demonstrate a Floquet circulator that leverages the untapped degrees of freedom unique to time-modulated resonators. Excited by sideband-selective waveguides, the system supports broadband nonreciprocal transmission without relying on the mirror or rotational symmetries required in conventional circulators. Cascading two resonators, we create a linear three-port circulator that exhibits complete and frequency-independent forward transmission between two of the ports. This approach enables wavelength-scale circulators that can rely on a variety of modulation mechanisms.
title: ADCO, Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00320
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2011
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: cartulaire
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00320, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00320, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Second-harmonic phonon spectroscopy of $α$-quartz
Creators: name: Winta, Christopher J.
name: Gewinner, Sandy
name: Schöllkopf, Wieland
name: Wolf, Martin
name: Paarmann, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate midinfrared second-harmonic generation as a highly sensitive phonon spectroscopy technique that we exemplify using $α$-quartz (SiO$_2$) as a model system. A midinfrared free-electron laser provides direct access to optical phonon resonances ranging from $350\ \mathrm{cm}^{-1}$ to $1400\ \mathrm{cm}^{-1}$. While the extremely wide tunability and high peak fields of an free-electron laser promote nonlinear spectroscopic studies---complemented by simultaneous linear reflectivity measurements---azimuthal scans reveal crystallographic symmetry information of the sample. Additionally, temperature-dependent measurements show how damping rates increase, phonon modes shift spectrally and in certain cases disappear completely when approaching $T_c=846\ \mathrm{K}$ where quartz undergoes a structural phase transition from trigonal $α$-quartz to hexagonal $β$-quartz, demonstrating the technique's potential for studies of phase transitions.
4.1 Evidence that data sharing increases citation impact
Creators: name: Dorch, Bertil F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: data sharing, citation impact, Citation Advantage

description: Demands for Data Management Plans are now common from both national, international and private research funders and agencies, and as infrastructures and policies are arising aiming at both archiving, structuring and distributing research data resulting from scholarly ventures within practically all fields of science. This is probably both a result of increased focus on issues related to Responsible Conduct of Research, as well as of the Open Science agenda. Also, as individual researchers and research are increasingly being evaluated and funded according to quantitative measures, e.g. bibliometrics and similar, it is evermore relevant to ask whether a Citation Advantage related to the activity of linking exists, i.e. whether sharing data leads to increased impact with respect to citations, similar to the postulated Citation Advantage related to Open Access. In this paper we present evidence of the existence of a Citation Advantage related to linking to data, using the field of astronomy as a case. Using simple measures based on publication and citation data from NASA’s Astrophysics Data System, I find that the Citation Advantage presently amounts to certain peer reviewed research articles with links to research data receiving on the average significantly more citations per paper per year, than the corresponding research articles without links to data. The results presented here is a further development of a previously unpublished work (Dorch 2012, working paper). Additionally, similar studies by other authors show a cumulative effect after several years amounting to up to 20%. Hence, a Data Sharing Citation Advantage seems inevitable, lending further argument to the cause of Open Science as well as indications as to how libraries may develop research support services related to improving conditions for Open Science.
Planet Formation in Disks with Inclined Binary Companions: Can Primordial Spin-Orbit Misalignment be Produced?
Creators: name: Zanazzi, J. J.
name: Lai, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many hot Jupiter (HJ) systems have been observed to have their stellar spin axis misaligned with the planet's orbital angular momentum axis. The origin of this spin-orbit misalignment and the formation mechanism of HJs remain poorly understood. A number of recent works have suggested that gravitational interactions between host stars, protoplanetary disks, and inclined binary companions may tilt the stellar spin axis with respect to the disk's angular angular momentum axis, producing planetary systems with misaligned orbits. These previous works considered idealized disk evolution models and neglected the gravitational influence of newly formed planets. In this paper, we explore how disk photoevaporation and planet formation and migration affect the inclination evolution of planet-star-disk-binary systems. We take into account planet-disk interactions and the gravitational spin-orbit coupling between the host star and the planet. We find that the rapid depletion of the inner disk via photoevaporation reduces the excitation of stellar obliquities. Depending on the formation and migration history of HJs, the spin-orbit coupling between the star and the planet may reduces and even completely suppress the excitation of stellar obliquities. Our work constrains the formation/migration history of HJs. On the other hand, planetary systems with "cold" Jupiters or close-in super-earths may experience excitation of stellar obliquities in the presence of distant inclined companions.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, accepted by MNRAS
A Workflow for Using CGNS in Parallel HPC Analyses
Creators: name: Sjaardema, Gregory
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Sandia Laboratories uses the CGNS Database to define the model input for most analyses that involve structured mesh geometries, ranging from small-scale scoping studies to large-scale multi-physics calculations on hundreds, thousands, or tens of thousands of processors and GPUs.

The IOSS library is used in many Sandia analysis codes to read and write databases in multiple formats, including CGNS. This talk will provide a summary of the IOSS library’s features that facilitate an efficient and scalable parallel I/O interface between the analysis code and the CGNS library. The speaker will describe the parallel decomposition method developed to partition the model across processing units and the parallel results output which can either merge the results into either a single output file or output a file-per-rank. The resulting output database remains consistent irrespective of the number of ranks used in the simulation.

Sandia Laboratories provides several tools to support analyst workflow needs, including tools to evaluate the parallel decomposition’s quality, merge file-per-rank outputs into a single file, convert structured meshes to unstructured meshes, and visualization.

The CGNS library employs HDF5 as its underlying on-disk file format, with development and support provided by the HDF5 Group.

In summary, this talk offers insights into Sandia Laboratories’ workflow for using CGNS in parallel HPC analyses, describing the IOSS library’s features, parallel decomposition method, and tools for analysts.

Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA0003525.
Spectra of neutrinos from dark matter annihilations
Creators: name: Cirelli, Marco
name: Fornengo, Nicolao
name: Montaruli, Teresa
name: Sokalski, Igor
name: Strumia, Alessandro
name: Vissani, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the fluxes of neutrinos from annihilations of dark matter particles in the Sun and the Earth. We give the spectra of all neutrino flavors for the main known annihilation channels: nu-antinu, b-bbar, tau-taubar, c-cbar, light quarks, ZZ, W^+W^-. We present the appropriate formalism for computing the combined effect of oscillations, absorptions, nu_tau-regeneration. Total rates are modified by an O(0.1--10) factor, comparable to astrophysical uncertainties, that instead negligibly affect the spectra. We then calculate different signal topologies in neutrino telescopes: through-going muons, contained muons, showers, and study their capabilities to discriminate a dark matter signal from backgrounds. We finally discuss how measuring the neutrino spectra can allow to reconstruct the fundamental properties of the dark matter: its mass and its annihilation branching ratios.
description: 40 pages, 15 figures and 4 tables; v2: typos corrected, references added, matches published version; v3: a numerical factor corrected, conclusions unchanged; v4: a small numerical error corrected, conclusions unchanged; v5: another small bug corrected, conclusions unchanged. Updated results available online as indicated in ref. [30].
RSU Cloud and its Resource Management in support of Enhanced Vehicular Applications
Creators: name: Salahuddin, Mohammad A.
name: Al-Fuqaha, Ala
name: Guizani, Mohsen
name: Cherkaoui, Soumaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose Roadside Unit (RSU) Clouds as a novel way to offer non-safety application with QoS for VANETs. The architecture of RSU Clouds is delineated, and consists of traditional RSUs and specialized micro-datacenters and virtual machines (VMs) using Software Defined Networking (SDN). SDN offers the flexibility to migrate or replicate virtual services and reconfigure the data forwarding rules dynamically. However, frequent changes to service hosts and data flows not only result in degradation of services, but are also costly for service providers. In this paper, we use Mininet to analyze and formally quantify the reconfiguration overhead. Our unique RSU Cloud Resource Management (CRM) model jointly minimizes reconfiguration overhead, cost of service deployment and infrastructure routing delay. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to utilize this approach. We compare the performance of purist approach to our Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model and our innovative heuristic for the CRM technique and discuss the results. We will show the benefits of a holistic approach in Cloud Resource Management with SDN.
Computational hemodynamic optimization predicts dominant aortic arch selection is driven by embryonic outflow tract orientation in the chick embryo.
Creators: name: Kowalski, William J.
name: Teslovich, Nikola C.
name: Dur, Onur
name: Keller, Bradley B.
name: Pekkan, Kerem
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: In the early embryo, a series of symmetric, paired vessels, the aortic arches, surround the foregut and distribute cardiac output to the growing embryo and fetus. During embryonic development, the arch vessels undergo large-scale asymmetric morphogenesis to form species-specific adult great vessel patterns. These transformations occur within a dynamic biomechanical environment, which can play an important role in the development of normal arch configurations or the aberrant arch morphologies associated with congenital cardiac defects. Arrested migration and rotation of the embryonic outflow tract during late stages of cardiac looping has been shown to produce both outflow tract and several arch abnormalities. Here, we investigate how changes in flow distribution due to a perturbation in the angular orientation of the embryonic outflow tract impact the morphogenesis and growth of the aortic arches. Using a combination of in vivo arch morphometry with fluorescent dye injection and hemodynamics-driven bioengineering optimization-based vascular growth modeling, we demonstrate that outflow tract orientation significantly changes during development and that the associated changes in hemodynamic load can dramatically influence downstream aortic arch patterning. Optimization reveals that balancing energy expenditure with diffusive capacity leads to multiple arch vessel patterns as seen in the embryo, while minimizing energy alone led to the single arch configuration seen in the mature arch of aorta. Our model further shows the critical importance of the orientation of the outflow tract in dictating morphogenesis to the adult single arch and accurately predicts arch IV as the dominant mature arch of aorta. These results support the hypothesis that abnormal positioning of the outflow tract during early cardiac morphogenesis may lead to congenital defects of the great vessels due to altered hemodynamic loading.
Saxifraga sedoides Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Saxifragales
Saxifragaceae
Saxifraga
Saxifraga sedoides

description: Saxifraga sedoides Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 404. 1753.
"Habitat in Alpibus Tridentinis, Sibiricis." RCN: 3145.
Type not designated.
Original material: [icon] in Séguier, Pl Veron.: 450, t. 9, f. 3. 1745.
 Current name:  Saxifraga sedoides  L. (Saxifragaceae).
 Note: Webb in (Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 95: 265. 1987) designated 174.15 (S) as lectotype, but this collection lacks the relevant Species Plantarum number (i.e. “26”) and was a post-1753 addition to the herbarium, and is not original material for the name.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part S), pp. 806-877 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 822, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Destiny: A Candidate Architecture for the Joint Dark Energy Mission
Creators: name: Benford, Dominic J.
name: Lauer, Tod R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Destiny is a simple, direct, low cost mission to determine the properties of dark energy by obtaining a cosmologically deep supernova (SN) type Ia Hubble diagram. Operated at L2, its science instrument is a 1.65m space telescope, featuring a grism-fed near-infrared (NIR) (0.85-1.7micron) survey camera/spectrometer with a 0.12 square degree field of view. During its two-year primary mission, Destiny will detect, observe, and characterize ~3000 SN Ia events over the redshift interval 0.4
description: Contains full color figures
Computational Fluid Dynamics-Based Design Optimization for an Implantable Miniature Maglev Pediatric Ventricular Assist Device
Creators: name: Jingchun  Wu
name: Antaki, James
name: Verkaik, Josiah
name: Snyder, Shaun
name: Ricci, Michael
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based design optimization was applied to achieve the finalized design of the PediaFlow® PF4, a magnetically levitated rotodynamic pediatric ventricular assist device. It features a streamlined blood-flow path with a single annular fluid passage between the rotor and the stationary housing. The resulting impeller is composed of a first-stage mixed-flow section having four blades at the conical nose region followed by a second-stage fully axial-flow section with three blades within the annular gap region. A stator with three inwardly-directed vanes is provided at the conical tail region to recover pressure and straighten the flow. CFD predictions of head and efficiency characteristics agreed remarkably well with the validation experimental data: with overprediction of head by <7 mmHg over the entire operational range and a slight overprediction in best efficiency by ∼1%. The new optimized PF4 extended the maximum flow range of the previous PF3 device by more than 100% to over 2.3 liter per minute (LPM) for the same range of operating speeds, and doubled the maximum hydraulic efficiency to ∼27%. Evaluation of hemolysis was performed by a Lagrangian particle-tracking technique with analysis of regional contributions to the overall blood damage. The simulation revealed that hemolysis increases with an increase in both the flow rate and rotor speed but not necessarily with just an increase in flow rate at a constant rotor speed. At the flow rate of 1.0 LPM and a head of 138 mmHg, PF4 has a hemolysis index of 0.0032 compared to 0.0058 produced by PF3 at the same flow rate with a head of 48 mmHg. Numerical simulation of radial fluid forces performed by the CFD model with an eccentric rotor revealed the presence of negative fluid stiffness that was monotonically related to both flow and speed. Finally, conjugate heat transfer analysis predicted temperature rise adjacent to the motor to be inversely proportional to the length, but not exceeding ∼2 °C over the intended range of operation. In conclusion, CFD-based design optimization greatly expedited and facilitated the completion of the PediaFlow® flow path and contributed to the system-wide optimization to produce a miniature maglev pump with exceptional hemocompatibility.
Acoustic Landmarks Contain More Information About the Phone String than Other Frames for Automatic Speech Recognition with Deep Neural Network Acoustic Model
Creators: name: He, Di
name: Lim, Boon Pang
name: Yang, Xuesong
name: Hasegawa-Johnson, Mark
name: Chen, Deming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most mainstream Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems consider all feature frames equally important. However, acoustic landmark theory is based on a contradictory idea, that some frames are more important than others. Acoustic landmark theory exploits quantal non-linearities in the articulatory-acoustic and acoustic-perceptual relations to define landmark times at which the speech spectrum abruptly changes or reaches an extremum; frames overlapping landmarks have been demonstrated to be sufficient for speech perception. In this work, we conduct experiments on the TIMIT corpus, with both GMM and DNN based ASR systems and find that frames containing landmarks are more informative for ASR than others. We find that altering the level of emphasis on landmarks by re-weighting acoustic likelihood tends to reduce the phone error rate (PER). Furthermore, by leveraging the landmark as a heuristic, one of our hybrid DNN frame dropping strategies maintained a PER within 0.44% of optimal when scoring less than half (45.8% to be precise) of the frames. This hybrid strategy out-performs other non-heuristic-based methods and demonstrate the potential of landmarks for reducing computation.
description: The article has been submitted to Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Saxifraga sibirica Linnaeus 1762
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Saxifragales
Saxifragaceae
Saxifraga
Saxifraga sibirica

description: Saxifraga sibirica Linnaeus, Species Plantarum, ed. 2, 1: 577. 1762.
"Habitat in Sibiria." RCN: 3168.
 Lectotype (Ghazanfar in Nasir & Ali, Fl. W Pakistan 108: 12. 1977): Herb. Linn. No. 575.49 (LINN).
 Current name:  Saxifraga sibirica  L. (Saxifragaceae).
 Note: See additional notes by Webb (in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 95: 266. 1987).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part S), pp. 806-877 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 822, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Probing nucleon strange asymmetry from charm production in neutrino deep inelastic scattering
Creators: name: Gao, Puze
name: Ma, Bo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a means to detect the nucleon strange quark-antiquark asymmetry, which is predicted as a non-perturbative effect, but still unchecked directly by available experiments. The difference for the $D(c\bar{q})$ and $\bar{D}(\bar{c}q)$ meson production cross sections in neutrino and antineutrino induced charged current deep inelastic scattering is illustrated to be sensitive to the nucleon strange asymmetry. Prospect is given and the effect due to the light quark fragmentation is also discussed for the extraction of the strange asymmetry in future experiments.
description: 6 Latex pages, no figure, final version to appear in EPJC
THE HERCULANEUM PAPYRI THROUGH ADVANCED OPTICAL METHODS
Creators: name: Samela, Sabrina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The ERC Advanced Grant 885222-Greekschols focuses on defining a new protocol with optical methods to improve the analysis of the text. The use of advanced diagnostic techniques covering various spectral regions was chosen to provide the recovery of concealed texts and the classification of overlapping layers within unrolled papyrus rolls.
Orienting Asymmetric Molecules by Laser Fields with Skewed Polarization
Creators: name: Gershnabel, E.
name: Averbukh, I. Sh.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study interaction of generic asymmetric molecules with a pair of strong time-delayed short laser pulses with crossed linear polarizations. We show that such an excitation not only provides unidirectional rotation of the most polarizable molecular axis, but also induces a directed torque along this axis, which results in the transient orientation of the molecules. The asymmetric molecules are chiral in nature and different molecular enantiomers experience the orienting action in opposite directions causing out-of-phase oscillation of their dipole moments. The resulting microwave radiation was recently suggested to be used for analysis/discrimination of chiral molecular mixtures. We reveal the mechanism behind this laser induced orientation effect, show that it is classical in nature, and envision further applications of light with skewed polarization.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
General Relativistic Self-Similar Solutions in Cosmology
Creators: name: Nusser, Adi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present general relativistic solutions for self-similar spherical perturbations in an expanding cosmological background of cold pressure-less gas. We focus on solutions having shock discontinuities propagating in the surrounding cold gas. The pressure, $p$, and energy-density, $μ$, in the shock-heated matter are assumed to obey $p=wμ$, where $w$ is a positive constant. Consistent solutions are found for shocks propagating from the symmetry center of a region of a positive density excess over the background. In these solutions, shocks exist outside the radius marking the event horizon of the black hole which would be present in a shock-less collapse. For large jumps in the energy-density at the shock, a black hole is avoided altogether and the solutions are regular at the center. The shock-heated gas does not contain any sonic points, provided the motion of the cold gas ahead of the shock deviates significantly from the Hubble flow. For shocks propagating in the uniform background, sonic points always appear for small jumps in the energy-density. We also discuss self-similar solutions without shocks in fluids with $w
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, mnras style
Saxifraga stellaris Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Saxifragales
Saxifragaceae
Saxifraga
Saxifraga stellaris

description: Saxifraga stellaris Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 400. 1753.
"Habitat in Alpibus Spitsbergensibus, Laponicis, Helveticis, Styriacis, Westmorlandicis." RCN: 3148.
 Lectotype (Siplivinsky in Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 13: 142. 1976): Herb. Linn. No. 575.12 (LINN).
 Current name:  Saxifraga stellaris  L. (Saxifragaceae).
 Note: Webb (in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 95: 262. 1987) unaware of Siplivinsky’s typification, independently chose the same lectotype.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part S), pp. 806-877 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 822, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Characterizaton of the Vessel Geometry, Flow Mechanics and Wall Shear Stress in the Great Arteries of Wildtype Prenatal Mouse
Creators: name: Yap, Choon Hwai
name: Xiaoqin  Liu
name: Pekkan, Kerem
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Introduction Abnormal fluid mechanical environment in the pre-natal cardiovascular system is hypothesized to play a significant role in causing structural heart malformations. It is thus important to improve our understanding of the prenatal cardiovascular fluid mechanical environment at multiple developmental time-points and vascular morphologies. We present such a study on fetal great arteries on the wildtype mouse from embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5) to near-term (E18.5). Methods Ultrasound bio-microscopy (UBM) was used to measure blood velocity of the great arteries. Subsequently, specimens were cryo-embedded and sectioned using episcopic fluorescent image capture (EFIC) to obtain high-resolution 2D serial image stacks, which were used for 3D reconstructions and quantitative measurement of great artery and aortic arch dimensions. EFIC and UBM data were input into subject-specific computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for modeling hemodynamics. Results In normal mouse fetuses between E14.5–18.5, ultrasound imaging showed gradual but statistically significant increase in blood velocity in the aorta, pulmonary trunk (with the ductus arteriosus), and descending aorta. Measurement by EFIC imaging displayed a similar increase in cross sectional area of these vessels. However, CFD modeling showed great artery average wall shear stress and wall shear rate remain relatively constant with age and with vessel size, indicating that hemodynamic shear had a relative constancy over gestational period considered here. Conclusion Our EFIC-UBM-CFD method allowed reasonably detailed characterization of fetal mouse vascular geometry and fluid mechanics. Our results suggest that a homeostatic mechanism for restoring vascular wall shear magnitudes may exist during normal embryonic development. We speculate that this mechanism regulates the growth of the great vessels.
Continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with virtual photon subtraction
Creators: name: Zhao, Yijia
name: Zhang, Yi-Chen
name: Xu, Bingjie
name: Yu, Song
name: Guo, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The method of improving the performance of continuous-variable quantum key distribution protocols by post-selection has been recently proposed and verified. In continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI QKD) protocols, the measurement results are obtained from untrusted third party Charlie. There is still not an effective method of improving CV-MDI QKD by the post-selection with untrusted measurement. We propose a method to improve the performance of coherent-state CV-MDI QKD protocol by non-Gaussian post-selection. The non-Gaussian post-selection of transmitted data is equivalent to an ideal photon subtraction on the two-mode squeezed vacuum state, which is favorable to enhance the performance of CV-MDI QKD. In CV-MDI QKD protocol with non-Gaussian post-selection, two users select their own data independently. We demonstrate that the optimal performance of the renovated CV-MDI QKD protocol is obtained with the transmitted data only selected by Alice. By setting appropriate parameters of the non-Gaussian post-selection, the secret key rate and tolerable excess noise are both improved at long transmission distance. The method provides an effective optimization scheme for the application of CV-MDI QKD protocols.
Iron in Hot DA White Dwarfs
Creators: name: Vennes, Stephane
name: Chayer, Pierre
name: Dupuis, Jean
name: Lanz, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the iron abundance pattern in hot hydrogen-rich (DA) white dwarfs. The study is based on new and archival far ultraviolet spectroscopy of a sample of white dwarfs in the temperature range 30,000 K < T_eff < 64,000 K. The spectra obtained with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer along with spectra obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph and the International Ultraviolet Explorer sample FeIII to FeVI absorption lines enabling a detailed iron abundance analysis over a wider range of effective temperatures than previously afforded. The measurements reveal abundance variations in excess of two orders of magnitude between the highest and the lowest temperatures probed, but also show considerable variations (over one order of magnitude) between objects with similar temperatures and surface gravities. Such variations in cooler objects may be imputed to accretion from unseen companions or so-called circumstellar debris although the effect of residual mass-loss and selective radiation pressure in the hottest objects in the sample remain dominant.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
High pressure treatment promotes the deteriorating effect of cationic antimicrobial peptides on bacterial membranes
Creators: name: Kriegler, Simon
name: Jaworek, Michel W.
name: Oliva, Rosario
name: Winter, Roland
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 540

description: The helical structure that cationic antimicrobial peptides (cAMPs) adopt upon interaction with membranes is key to their activity. We show that a high hydrostatic pressure not only increases the propensity of cAMPs to adopt a helical conformation in the presence of bacterial lipid bilayer membranes, but also in bulk solution, and the effect on bacterial membranes persists even up to 10 kbar. Therefore, high-pressure treatment could boost cAMP activity in high-pressure food processing to extend the shelf-life of food.
description: Physical chemistry, chemical physics;25(16)
Synthesis of DGLAP and total resummation of leading logarithms for the non-singlet spin structure function g_1
Creators: name: Ermolaev, B. I.
name: Greco, M.
name: Troyan, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The explicit expressions for the non-singlet DIS structure function g_1 at small $x$ are obtained by resumming the leading logarithmic contributions. The role played by the fits for the initial parton densities currently used in the DGLAP on the small-x behavior of the non-singlet g_1 is discussed. Explicit expressions combining DGLAP with our results are presented.
description: Talk given at XIII International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering, April,27 - May,1, 2005, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, 3 pages, no figures
Non-Standard Heavy Mesons and Baryons, an Experimental Review
Creators: name: Olsen, Stephen Lars
name: Skwarnicki, Tomasz
name: Zieminska, Daria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the generally accepted theory for the strong interactions, describes the interactions between quarks and gluons. The strongly interacting particles that are seen in nature are hadrons, which are composites of quarks and gluons. Since QCD is a strongly coupled theory at distance scales that are characteristic of observable hadrons, there are no rigorous, first-principle methods to derive the spectrum and properties of the hadrons from the QCD Lagrangian, except for Lattice QCD simulations that are not yet able to cope with all aspects of complex and short-lived states. Instead, a variety of "QCD inspired" phenomenological models have been proposed. Common features of these models are predictions for the existence of hadrons with substructures that are more complex than the standard quark-antiquark mesons and the three quark baryons of the original quark model that provides a concise description of most of the low-mass hadrons. Recently, an assortment of candidates for non-standard multi-quark mesons, meson-gluon hybrids and pentaquark baryons that contain heavy (charm or bottom) quarks have been discovered. Here we review the experimental evidence for these states and make some general comparisons of their measured properties with standard quark-model expectations and predictions of various models for non-standard hadrons. We conclude that the spectroscopy of all but simplest hadrons is not yet understood.
Planetesimals To Brown Dwarfs: What is a Planet?
Creators: name: Basri, Gibor
name: Brown, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The past 15 years have brought about a revolution in our understanding of our Solar System and other planetary systems. During this time, discoveries include the first Kuiper Belt Objects, the first brown dwarfs, and the first extra-solar planets. Although discoveries continue apace, they have called into question our previous perspectives on planets, both here and elsewhere. The result has been a debate about the meaning of the word ''planet'' itself. It became clear that scientists do not have a widely accepted or clear definition of what a planet is, and both scientists and the public are confused (and sometimes annoyed) by its use in various contexts. Because ''planet'' is a very widely used term, it seems worth the attempt to resolve this problem. In this essay, we try to cover all the issues that have come to the fore, and bring clarity (if not resolution) to the debate.
description: 23 pages
An exploration of first-year teacher participation in mentoring programs and risk for occupational stress
Creators: name: Boyle, Lauren Helena
name: 0000-0002-6833-2461
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Teacher stress
Teacher mentoring

description: Given the significant time and capital invested annually into the development and execution of formal mentoring programs, there is a vested interest among policymakers and administrators to better understand what types of mentoring supports teachers are receiving, and what effects mentoring programs have on teacher stress risk. Although mentoring is increasingly hailed as one of the most critical components of teacher induction programs, the corresponding research base has failed to provide conclusive support for the effectiveness of teacher mentoring. Cross-sectional data from the nationally-representative 2015-16 National Teacher and Principal Survey (NTPS) was used to empirically evaluate the relationship between school-based mentoring programs and first-year teachers’ risk for occupational stress, while addressing some of the common limitations found in research relating to teacher mentoring and occupational stress. Results cautiously suggest that formal mentoring programs play an important role in beginning teacher wellness. Implications and future research directions are discussed.
Initial boundary-value problem for the spherically symmetric Einstein equations with fluids with tangential pressure
Creators: name: Brito, Irene
name: Mena, Filipe C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that, for a given spherically symmetric fluid distribution with tangential pressure on an initial spacelike hypersurface with a timelike boundary, there exists a unique, local in time solution to the Einstein equations in a neighbourhood of the boundary. As an application, we consider a particular elastic fluid interior matched to a vacuum exterior.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Proceedings of the Royal Society A