METODOLOGÍA DE ECODISEÑO DE INSTALACIONES ELÉCTRICAS FOTOVOLTAICAS EN CORRIENTE CONTINUA PARA EDIFICIOS URBANOS AISLADOS
Creators: name: Calzadilla, Tony Castillo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Energía solar fotovoltaica, Baja tensión en corriente continua, Energía renovable, Almacenamiento eléctrico, Edificio aislado de red

description: The main objective of this thesis is to demonstrate the feasibility of feeding photovoltaic solar energy in direct current, even during periods of low irradiation and in isolated form from the conventional network, to a service building with high electricity consumption. This research has its foundation in the need to foster the use of renewable energy sources to minimize the environmental impact as a consequence of electricity consumption. Within this scope, a MATLAB simulation model that reproduces the behaviour of direct current electrical installation fed by a photovoltaic solar energy source was developed. The implementation of such a model entailed the design of sizing tools both for the energy capture system (photovoltaic solar panels) and for the energy storage system (chemical batteries). Also, two direct current controller models were implemented, one to maximize the capture of energy, and another to stabilize the supply voltage of the load. The performance of the simulation model is compared against other models already tested and validated in the literature. To make this study as reliable as possible to the real models, the resistive component present in the wiring is included. The results of the analysis are presented from different technical, economic, social and environmental perspectives, thus providing the necessary information to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of choosing a specific type of configuration according to the needs and requirements of the electrical installation of the building. The case study on which this research is based is the building of the Residence Hall of the University of Deusto in Bilbao (Spain), a location with frequent periods of low irradiation. Validations of the feasibility and reliability of the model have been tested by using real data of solar irradiation, local temperature and quarter-hourly energy consumption data. With these data, several assessment scenarios have also been vi generated, both conservative, considering the historical weather conditions of the location, and extreme. Results show that the model satisfactorily succeeds in each of the proposed scenarios. On the one hand, in the most unfavourable scenarios (three consecutive days of worse irradiation in the last 30 years) the system manages to guarantee the service. On the other hand, in favourable scenarios (maximum irradiation and minimum consumption), the system is able to maintain a voltage fluctuation level lower than 9.7% with respect to its nominal value. Likewise, the results derived from the economic and environmental viability of the solution are significant, with a return on investment of 6 years and a decrease in monthly pollutant emissions of 13 tons of CO2 equivalent. Finally, the results of this research work are exportable to other contexts, especially to those regions where the infrastructures necessary for the distribution of electric power are not yet deployed.