cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On plane gravitational waves in real connection variables
Creators: name: Hinterleitner, Franz
name: Major, Seth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate using plane fronted gravitational wave space-times as model systems to study loop quantization techniques and dispersion relations. In this classical analysis, we start with planar symmetric space-times in the real connection formulation. We reduce via Dirac constraint analysis to a final form with one canonical pair and one constraint, equivalent to the metric and Einstein equations of plane-fronted with parallel rays waves. Due to the symmetries and use of special coordinates general covariance is broken. However, this allows us to simply express the constraints of the consistent system. A recursive construction of Dirac brackets results in non-local brackets, analogous to those of self-dual fields, for the triad variables chosen in this approach.
description: v2: Matches published version, up to minor stylistic changes
Predictability in process-based ensemble forecast of influenza
Creators: name: Pei, Sen
name: Cane, Mark A.
name: Shaman, Jeffrey L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Influenza
Communicable diseases--Transmission
Epidemiology--Mathematical models
Public health

description: Process-based models have been used to simulate and forecast a number of nonlinear dynamical systems, including influenza and other infectious diseases. In this work, we evaluate the effects of model initial condition error and stochastic fluctuation on forecast accuracy in a compartmental model of influenza transmission. These two types of errors are found to have qualitatively similar growth patterns during model integration, indicating that dynamic error growth, regardless of source, is a dominant component of forecast inaccuracy. We therefore examine the nonlinear growth of model initial error and compute the fastest growing directions using singular vector analysis. Using this information, we generate perturbations in an ensemble forecast system of influenza to obtain more optimal ensemble spread. In retrospective forecasts of historical outbreaks for 95 US cities from 2003 to 2014, this approach improves short-term forecast of incidence over the next one to four weeks.
Magneto-chronology of nearby Sun-like stars
Creators: name: Gondoin, P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Nearby Sun-like stars are prime targets of the PLATO mission for the detection and characterization of exo- planets and possibly exo-Earths. Understanding the formation history and determining the age of these sample stars (and their planetary systems) is thus essential. The chromospheric emission in the cores of the Ca II H & K lines of late-type dwarfs is a well-known indicator of magnetic activity that decreases with increasing stellar age. I used this indicator to investigate the formation history of nearby G- and early K-type stars with origins at galactocentric distances similar to that of the region where the Sun was born.
Minimum-Time Frictionless Atom Cooling in Harmonic Traps
Creators: name: Stefanatos, Dionisis
name: Schaettler, Heinz
name: Li, Jr-Shin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 49K15, 93C15, 81V45

description: Frictionless atom cooling in harmonic traps is formulated as a time-optimal control problem and a synthesis of optimal controlled trajectories is obtained.
description: To appear in SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization
Examining the Career Pathways of Educators with Superintendent Certification
Creators: name: Davis, Bradley
name: Bowers, Alex J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Educational leadership
School superintendents
School superintendents--Certification
Career development
Intersectionality (Sociology)

description: Purpose: We used gatekeeping theory to frame our examination of whether and when educators with superintendent certification become superintendents, and how their likelihood of making that transition is influenced by race, sex, and other characteristics. Further, we sought to identify variation in career pathways to the superintendency.
Data and Method: We analyzed 26,071 observations of 4,813 unique individuals, representing the entire population of Texas public school educators who obtained their first superintendent certificate between the 2000-01 and 2014-15 school years. We constructed alluvial diagrams to visualize these educators’ career pathways. In addition to compiling a life table and visual displays of hazard, we utilized a discrete-time hazard model to control for individual and contextual characteristics associated with transitions into the superintendency.
Findings: Educators are most likely to enter the superintendency in the academic year immediately following that in which they obtained the requisite certification. Further, pathways to the superintendency differ greatly based on educator sex and race, as well as the level and locale employment setting. Finally, we determined that age, experience, education, level of employment, and sex all have statistically significant impacts on the likelihood of becoming a superintendent.
Implications for Research and Practice: We discuss the role that researchers must play in coordinating with practitioners to ensure more equitable opportunity for aspiring superintendents. We also emphasize the important role that preparation programs play in preparing candidates for the job market. Finally, we ponder further expansions of similar pre-superintendency research, as well as more robust applications of alluvial diagrams.
KEYWORDS: superintendents, intersectionality, alluvial, career pathways, certification, gatekeeping, school district leadership
The Golden Strip of Correlated Top Quark, Gaugino, and Vectorlike Mass In No-Scale, No-Parameter F-SU(5)
Creators: name: Li, Tianjun
name: Maxin, James A.
name: Nanopoulos, Dimitri V.
name: Walker, Joel W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically establish the hyper-surface within the tan(beta), top quark mass m_t, universal gaugino mass M_1/2, and vectorlike mass M_V parameter volume which is compatible with the application of the No-Scale Supergravity boundary conditions, particularly the vanishing of the Higgs bilinear soft term B_mu, near to the Planck mass at the point M_F of ultimate F-lipped SU(5) unification. M_F is elevated from the penultimate partial unification near the traditional GUT scale at a mass M_32 by the inclusion of extra F-theory derived heavy vectorlike multiplets. We demonstrate that simultaneous adherence to all current experimental constraints, most importantly contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment (g-2)_mu, the branching ratio limit on (b \to s gamma), and the 7-year WMAP relic density measurement, dramatically reduces the allowed solutions to a highly non-trivial "golden strip" with tan(beta) \sim 15, m_t = 173.0-174.4 GeV, M_1/2 = 455-481 GeV, and M_V = 691-1020 GeV, effectively eliminating all extraneously tunable model parameters. We emphasize that the consonance of the theoretically viable m_t range with the experimentally established value is an independently correlated "postdiction". The predicted range of M_V is testable at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The partial lifetime for proton decay in the leading (e+|mu+) pi0 channels falls around 4.6 X 10^34 Y, testable at the future DUSEL and Hyper-Kamiokande facilities.
description: V2, As accepted for publication in Physics Letters B; 7 pages, 3 figures
Collaborative Writing in L2 Classrooms
Creators: name: Koyama, Dennis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Applied linguistics
Second language acquisition
Second language acquisition--Research
Second language acquisition--Study and teaching

description: With the appearance and improvement of Web 2.0 technology and other digital tools such as Google Docs and wikis, teachers and researchers are increasingly able to implement collaborative activities in face-to-face and online language courses. Whether technologically assisted or done in person, collaboration is a burgeoning area of investigation in L2 writing research and practice. Although many researchers and teachers alike still consider writing an independent activity, Collaborative Writing in L2 Classrooms has taken the charge to illuminate the potential advantages of employing collaborative writing in language research and by extension pedagogical practice. To do so, Storch offers a comprehensive review of the current research on L2 collaborative writing, while identifying that there remains theoretical uncertainty concerning how writing tasks affect the product and process of collaborative writing across and within learner contexts, and how the formation of collaborative pairs and groups may change the nature of the collaborative writing project. By discussing these issues and advocating for the guided use of collaboration in L2 writing research, Storch eloquently builds a bridge to span the gulf between collaborative activities L2 research (which has predominantly been used for aural and oral task) and the domain of L2 writing. Storch presents compelling theoretical, empirical, and pedagogical rationales in this well-written analysis of the research on writing in L2 classrooms, and she provides useful recommendations and caveats to researchers and teachers.
Generalized Geologic Map for Land-Use Planning: Metcalfe County, Kentucky
Creators: name: Carey, Daniel I.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky
Year: 2007

description: Abstract:
This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock.
Additional file 1 of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in hemochromatosis probands with iron overload and HFE p.C282Y/p.C282Y
Creators: name: Barton, James C.
name: Barton, J. Clayborn
name: Acton, Ronald T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1. Definitions of other conditions
Computer-Assisted Second Language Teaching, Learning, and Research
Creators: name: Qi, Shaoyan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Applied linguistics
Second language acquisition
Computers--Technological innovations
Second language acquisition--Research
Second language acquisition--Study and teaching

description: Bhatia and Ritchie’s (2009) book chapter provided preliminary answers to the following questions: (1) In what way(s) has computer technologies impacted second language (L2) teaching and learning inside and outside of classroom? (2) In what way(s) has computer technologies shaped the field of second language acquisition (SLA)?
Influence of the spin-dependent quasiparticle distribution on the Josephson current through a ferromagnetic weak link
Creators: name: Bobkov, A. M.
name: Bobkova, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Josephson current flowing through weak links containing ferromagnetic elements is studied theoretically under the condition that the quasiparticle distribution over energy states in the interlayer is spin-dependent. It is shown that the interplay between the spin-dependent quasiparticle distribution and the triplet superconducting correlations induced by the proximity effect between the superconducting leads and ferromagnetic elements of the interlayer, leads to the appearence of an additional contribution to the Josephson current. This additional contribution $j_t$ can be extracted from the full Josephson current in experiment. The features of the additional supercurrent $j_t$, which are of main physical interest are the following: (i) We propose the experimental setup, where the contributions given by the short-range (SRTC) and long-range (LRTC) components of triplet superconducting correlations in the interlayer can be measured separately. It can be realized on the basis of S/N/F/N/S junction, where the interlayer is composed of two normal metal regions with a spiral ferromagnet layer sandwiched between them. For the case of tunnel junctions the measurement of $j_t$ in such a system can provide direct information about the energy-resolved anomalous Green's function components describing SRTC and LRTC. (ii) In some cases the exchange field-suppressed supercurrent can be not only recovered but also enhanced with respect to its value for non-magnetic junction with the same interface resistances by the presence of spin-dependent quasiparticle distribution. This effect is demonstrated for S/N/S junction with magnetic S/N interfaces. In addition, it is also found that under the considered conditions the dependence of the Josephson current on temperature can be nontrivial: at first the current rises upon temperature increasing and only after that starts to decline.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, published version, presentation improved
The targum (1962:Nov. 01 - 1962:Nov 30)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1962

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Analytic evaluation of diffuse fluence error in multi-layer scattering media with discontinuous refractive index
Creators: name: Selden, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple analytic method of estimating the error involved in using an approximate boundary condition for diffuse radiation in two adjoining scattering media with differing refractive index is presented. The method is based on asymptotic planar fluences and enables the relative error to be readily evaluated without recourse to Monte Carlo simulation. Three examples of its application are considered: (1) evaluating the error in calculating the diffuse fluences at a boundary between two media with differing refractive index and dissimilar scattering properties (2) the dependence of the relative error in a multilayer medium with discontinuous refractive index on the ratio of the reduced scattering coefficient to the absorption coefficient ms'/ma (3) the parametric dependence of the error in the radiant flux Js at the surface of a three-layer medium. The error is significant for strongly forward biased scattering media with non-negligible absorption and is cumulative in multi-layered media with refractive index increments between layers.
description: 21 pages 7 Figures Text further revised
Quantum Phase Estimation with Arbitrary Constant-precision Phase Shift Operators
Creators: name: Ahmadi, Hamed
name: Chiang, Chen-Fu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While Quantum phase estimation (QPE) is at the core of many quantum algorithms known to date, its physical implementation (algorithms based on quantum Fourier transform (QFT)) is highly constrained by the requirement of high-precision controlled phase shift operators, which remain difficult to realize. In this paper, we introduce an alternative approach to approximately implement QPE with arbitrary constant-precision controlled phase shift operators. The new quantum algorithm bridges the gap between QPE algorithms based on QFT and Kitaev's original approach. For approximating the eigenphase precise to the nth bit, Kitaev's original approach does not require any controlled phase shift operator. In contrast, QPE algorithms based on QFT or approximate QFT require controlled phase shift operators with precision of at least Pi/2n. The new approach fills the gap and requires only arbitrary constant-precision controlled phase shift operators. From a physical implementation viewpoint, the new algorithm outperforms Kitaev's approach.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures and 1 table
Shadows of Universalism: The Untold Story of Human Rights around 1948
Creators: name: Liu, Lydia H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Human rights
Human rights--Philosophy
International law and human rights

description: How did the idea of self-determination get written into human rights after World War II? And by whom? In this article, Lydia H. Liu reopens the history of how the postwar norms of human rights were radically transformed by an unexpected clash with the classical standard of civilization in international law. She analyzes the drafting of the document of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as well as the UN debates surrounding it to explore the translingual forging of universalism in the multiple temporalities of global history.
Additional file 1 of Gender specific influence of serotonin on core symptoms and neurodevelopment of autism spectrum disorders: A multicenter study in China
Creators: name: Mou, Qiu-hong
name: Zhang, Qian
name: Chen, Li
name: Dai, Ying
name: Wei, Hua
name: Jia, Fei-Yong
name: Hao, Yan
name: Li, Ling
name: Zhang, Jie
name: Wu, Li-Jie
name: Ke, Xiao-Yan
name: Yi, Ming-Ji
name: Hong, Qi
name: Chen, Jin-Jin
name: Fang, Shuan-Feng
name: Wang, Yi-Chao
name: Wang, Qi
name: Chen, Jie
name: Li, Ting-Yu
name: Yang, Ting
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Additional file 1 of What is the impact of national public expenditure and its allocation on neonatal and child mortality? A machine learning analysis
Creators: name: Garcia, Leandro Pereira
name: Schneider, Ione Jayce Ceola
name: de Oliveira, Cesar
name: Traebert, Eliane
name: Traebert, Jefferson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Study variables description. Table S2. Study variables distribution. Table S3. Weights’ coefficients of variation. Figure S1. Legend: The density of the imputed data for each data set is in red and that of the observed data in blue. GINI_LAGGED: Gini Index; POVERTY_GAP_LAGGED: Income deficit of US$ 1.90; INFLATION_LAGGED: Inflation, consumer price ; BASIC_WATER_LAGGED: Percentage of people using basic drinking water services; SCHOOL_FEM_LAGGED: Secondary school life expectancy among women; WOMEN_PARLIAMENT_LAGED: Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments; SCHOOL_LIFE_EXP_LAGGED: Secondary life school expectancy, for both sexes; OUT_OF_SCHOOL_LAGGED: Percentage of adolescents at high school age who are out of school; UNDERNOURISHMENT_LAGGED: Malnutrition rate; DOCTORS_LAGGED: Doctors per 1000 inhabitants’ rate; DELIVERY_ASSISTANCE_LAGGED: Births attended by a qualified health professional; AIDS_PREVALENCE_LAGGED: HIV prevalence; MALARIA_INCIDENCE_LAGGED: Malaria incidence; HOSPITAL_BEDS_LAGGED: Hospital beds per 1000 inhabitants’ rate; ELECTRICITY_LAGGED: Percentage of population with access to electricity.
Recent progress in random metric theory and its applications to conditional risk measures
Creators: name: Guo, Tiexin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 46A22, 46A25, 46H25, 47H40, 52A41, 91B16, 91B30, 91B70

description: The purpose of this paper is to give a selective survey on recent progress in random metric theory and its applications to conditional risk measures. This paper includes eight sections. Section 1 is a longer introduction, which gives a brief introduction to random metric theory, risk measures and conditional risk measures. Section 2 gives the central framework in random metric theory, topological structures, important examples, the notions of a random conjugate space and the Hahn-Banach theorems for random linear functionals. Section 3 gives several important representation theorems for random conjugate spaces. Section 4 gives characterizations for a complete random normed module to be random reflexive. Section 5 gives hyperplane separation theorems currently available in random locally convex modules. Section 6 gives the theory of random duality with respect to the locally $L^{0}-$convex topology and in particular a characterization for a locally $L^{0}-$convex module to be $L^{0}-$pre$-$barreled. Section 7 gives some basic results on $L^{0}-$convex analysis together with some applications to conditional risk measures. Finally, Section 8 is devoted to extensions of conditional convex risk measures, which shows that every representable $L^{\infty}-$type of conditional convex risk measure and every continuous $L^{p}-$type of convex conditional risk measure ($1\leq p
description: 37 pages
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of household coverage with long-lasting insecticidal nets in central Côte d’Ivoire
Creators: name: Sih, Colette
name: Assi, Serge B.
name: Talbot, Benoit
name: Dangbenon, Edouard
name: Kulkarni, Manisha A.
name: Koffi, Alphonsine A.
name: Alou, Ludovic P. Ahoua
name: Messenger, Louisa A.
name: Zoh, Marius Gonse
name: Camara, Soromane
name: Protopopoff, Natacha
name: N’Guessan, Raphael
name: Cook, Jackie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology
subject: Cardiology

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 1 of An optimized approach for multiplexing single-nuclear ATAC-seq using oligonucleotide-conjugated antibodies
Creators: name: Bera, Betelehem Solomon
name: Thompson, Taylor V.
name: Sosa, Eric
name: Nomaru, Hiroko
name: Reynolds, David
name: Dubin, Robert A.
name: Maqbool, Shahina B.
name: Zheng, Deyou
name: Morrow, Bernice E.
name: Greally, John M.
name: Suzuki, Masako
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Detailed method for NuHash library preparation.
PTF10iya: A short-lived, luminous flare from the nuclear region of a star-forming galaxy
Creators: name: Cenko, S. Bradley
name: Bloom, Joshua S.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Strubbe, Linda E.
name: Miller, Adam A.
name: Butler, Nathaniel R.
name: Quimby, Robert M.
name: Gal-Yam, Avishay
name: Ofek, Eran O.
name: Quataert, Eliot
name: Bildsten, Lars
name: Poznanski, Dovi
name: Perley, Daniel A.
name: Morgan, Adam N.
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Frail, Dale A.
name: Arcavi, Iair
name: Ben-Ami, Sagi
name: Cucchiara, Antonio
name: Fassnacht, Christopher D.
name: Green, Yoav
name: Hook, Isobel M.
name: Howell, D. Andrew
name: Lagattuta, David J.
name: Law, Nicholas M.
name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Nugent, Peter E.
name: Silverman, Jeffrey M.
name: Sullivan, Mark
name: Tendulkar, Shriharsh P.
name: Yaron, Ofer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery and characterisation of PTF10iya, a short-lived (dt ~ 10 d, with an optical decay rate of ~ 0.3 mag per d), luminous (M_g ~ -21 mag) transient source found by the Palomar Transient Factory. The ultraviolet/optical spectral energy distribution is reasonably well fit by a blackbody with T ~ 1-2 x 10^4 K and peak bolometric luminosity L_BB ~ 1-5 x 10^44 erg per s (depending on the details of the extinction correction). A comparable amount of energy is radiated in the X-ray band that appears to result from a distinct physical process. The location of PTF10iya is consistent with the nucleus of a star-forming galaxy (z = 0.22405 +/- 0.00006) to within 350 mas (99.7 per cent confidence radius), or a projected distance of less than 1.2 kpc. At first glance, these properties appear reminiscent of the characteristic "big blue bump" seen in the near-ultraviolet spectra of many active galactic nuclei (AGNs). However, emission-line diagnostics of the host galaxy, along with a historical light curve extending back to 2007, show no evidence for AGN-like activity. We therefore consider whether the tidal disruption of a star by an otherwise quiescent supermassive black hole may account for our observations. Though with limited temporal information, PTF10iya appears broadly consistent with the predictions for the early "super-Eddington" phase of a solar-type star disrupted by a ~ 10^7 M_sun black hole. Regardless of the precise physical origin of the accreting material, the large luminosity and short duration suggest that otherwise quiescent galaxies can transition extremely rapidly to radiate near the Eddington limit; many such outbursts may have been missed by previous surveys lacking sufficient cadence.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures; revised following referee's comments
The Challenge of Criminal Justice Reform
Creators: name: Western, Bruce P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Criminal justice, Administration of
Criminal justice, Administration of--Government policy
Poverty
Violence

description: In this paper, I propose a framework for the future direction of criminal justice reform. The punishing effects of American criminal justice have become pervasive in communities challenged by racial inequality, poverty, and violence. Responding to violence in contexts of racial inequality and poverty is the fundamental challenge for reform. To meet this challenge, we must develop socially-integrative responses to violence that draw victims and offenders back into the social compact. Such responses will help restore social bonds and build pathways of opportunity for communities contending with poverty and racial exclusion.
A Call for New Criminal Justice Values
Creators: name: Rizer, Arthur
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Criminal justice, Administration of
Criminal justice, Administration of--Moral and ethical aspects
Criminal justice, Administration of--Philosophy

description: Who are we? Ever since we could ponder such a question, we have looked to philosophers, theologians, and scientists for answers. And yet, maybe we don't need to apprehend the heavens or dissect the atom to understand our inner nature. Maybe the answer is simpler: we are what we value.

Accordingly, this paper seeks to answer the question: what does American criminal justice reveal about what we value and who we are? I first explain why our criminal justice values are so intertwined with our identity. I then briefly discuss the historical backdrop of the current values underlying criminal justice. And finally, I provide a revised set of values and argue that they better reflect who we are today.
title: Διαπολιτισμική επικοινωνία και συμπερίληψη παιδιών Ρομά στην εκπαίδευση – Απόψεις γονέων
title: Intercultural communication and inclusion of Roma children in education - Parents' views
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Βασιλοπούλου, Αναστασία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2021
Subjects: Διαπολιτισμική επικοινωνία
Συμπερίληψη
Ρομά
Γονείς

description: Αφετηρία της παρούσας έρευνας αποτέλεσε το ενδιαφέρον της ερευνήτριας για τις απόψεις των γονέων Ρομά για την εκπαίδευση των παιδιών τους. Μετά από δυο χρόνια εργασίας στην Μη Κυβερνητική Οργάνωση (ΜΚΟ) «Κοινωνικό Κέντρο Πεταλούδα», η οποία βοηθάει παιδιά Ρομά στα Άνω Λιόσια να ξεκινήσουν και να παραμείνουν στο σχολείο, η ερευνήτρια διαπίστωσε πως η φωνή των γονέων τους συχνά δεν ακούγεται. Παρατήρησε πως υπάρχουν δυσκολίες στην αντίληψη των προβλημάτων τους από τους εκπαιδευτικούς όπως και πρακτικές που τους αποξενώνουν ακόμα περισσότερο από τη ζωή τους σχολείου. Προκειμένου να ερευνηθούν οι λόγοι για τους οποίους συμβαίνει αυτό, στην παρούσα εργασία θα εντοπιστούν κάποιες από τις δυσκολίες που αντιμετωπίζουν οι γονείς Ρομά στην επικοινωνία τους μαζί με τους εκπαιδευτικούς των παιδιών τους. Επιπλέον, θα παρουσιαστούν πρακτικές που βοηθούν στη συμπερίληψη των Ρομά στην εκπαίδευση και πρακτικές που την παρεμποδίζουν. Κύριος σκοπός της εργασίας είναι να διερευνηθούν οι δυσκολίες και τα εμπόδια που συναντούν οι γονείς Ρομά στην επικοινωνία με τους εκπαιδευτικούς και να καταγραφούν οι απόψεις τους αναφορικά με τις συμπεριληπτικές παιδαγωγικές πρακτικές. Η παρούσα έρευνα είναι μια ποιοτική μελέτη με τη χρήση ημι-δομημένης συνέντευξης. Ολοκληρώνοντας θα ήθελα να ευχαριστήσω όλους τους γονείς που συνέλαβαν με την πραγματοποίηση των συνεντεύξεων στην υλοποίηση της συγκεκριμένης έρευνας. Ειδικότερα, θα ήθελα να ευχαριστήσω την επόπτριά μου κα. Ελένη Μουσένα για τις μεθοδολογικές συμβουλές και παρεμβάσεις και για την στήριξη και ενθάρρυνσή της. Τέλος θα ήθελα να ευχαριστήσω την οικογένειά μου η οποία με στηρίζει σε κάθε μου βήμα και ήταν δίπλα μου σε όλη τη διάρκεια συγγραφής της παρούσας επιστημονικής έρευνας.
Additional file 2 of An optimized approach for multiplexing single-nuclear ATAC-seq using oligonucleotide-conjugated antibodies
Creators: name: Bera, Betelehem Solomon
name: Thompson, Taylor V.
name: Sosa, Eric
name: Nomaru, Hiroko
name: Reynolds, David
name: Dubin, Robert A.
name: Maqbool, Shahina B.
name: Zheng, Deyou
name: Morrow, Bernice E.
name: Greally, John M.
name: Suzuki, Masako
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Optimizing NuHash antibody concentration to the number of nuclei. We stained the human CD4 + T-cell nuclei with different concentrations of NuHash antibody and generated bulk ATAC-seqlibraries to assess the proportions of NuHash and ATAC-seq products.We stained with an antibodyat three different concentrations. The panels show the fragment distributions of each library before removing large fragments by size selection.We stained with two different antibodiesat a 0.01 µg/50 k nuclei concentration. The panel shows the fragment distribution after removing large fragments by size selection. Figure S2. Library fragment distributions of NuHash scATAC-seq. NuHash antibodies were used to generate scATAC-seq libraries by multiplexing twoand four samples. The panels show the fragment length distributions of the scATAC-seq library final products. The libraries contained small fragmentsand ATAC-seq banding pattern products. Figure S3. Library quality assessment. Transcription start siteenrichment scores and unique fragment numbers were plotted in Aand Cby the reference genomes. Colored nuclei with doublet enrichment scores are illustrated in Band D. Panel E shows insert fragment length distributions. Figure S4. Nuclear fragment alignment status.The aligned read numbers to human or mouse references per nucleus were plotted, andthe aligned read number per nucleus was colored by NuHash count status. Figure S5. Distributions over different genomic features of the peaks categorized by the number of detected cell clusters. Peak annotations for each peak category are illustrated. Only the Cnum_4 group showed clear enrichment in promoter/enhancer regions. Figure S6. Differences in peak characteristics by the number of clusters detected.Expression statusof the genes located near the peaks was plotted. The white rectangles and their bars indicate the mean expression plus or minus a standard deviation.The proportion of peaks that overlapped with TAPEs was investigated, along withcomparisons of hematopoietic transcription factor binding motif enrichment of Cnum_4 peaks compared to all bulk ATAC-seq peaks.Transcription factor binding motif enrichment between low- and high-intensity Cnum_4 peaks was compared.The percentage of peaks that overlapped with CTCF ChIP-seq peaksand the distribution of their absolute distances from the TSS of Cnum_4 peaks were plotted.The percent of peaks that overlapped with CTCF ChIP-seq peaks and PIRs is summarized.
Measuring Reddening with SDSS Stellar Spectra and Recalibrating SFD
Creators: name: Schlafly, Edward F.
name: Finkbeiner, Douglas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of dust reddening using the colors of stars with spectra in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We measure reddening as the difference between the measured and predicted colors of a star, as derived from stellar parameters from the SEGUE Stellar Parameter Pipeline (Lee et al. 2008a). We achieve uncertainties of 56, 34, 25, and 29 mmag in the colors u-g, g-r, r-i, and i-z, per star, though the uncertainty varies depending on the stellar type and the magnitude of the star. The spectrum-based reddening measurements confirm our earlier "blue tip" reddening measurements (Schlafly et al. 2010, S10), finding reddening coefficients different by -3%, 1%, 1%, and 2% in u-g, g-r, r-i, and i-z from those found by the blue tip method, after removing a 4% normalization difference. These results prefer an R_V=3.1 Fitzpatrick (1999) reddening law to O'Donnell (1994) or Cardelli et al. (1989) reddening laws. We provide a table of conversion coefficients from the Schlegel et al. (1998) maps of E(B-V) to extinction in 88 bandpasses for 4 values of R_V, using this reddening law and the 14% recalibration of SFD first reported by S10 and confirmed in this work.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures (arxiv version updated to published version)
A Note on G-Fluxes for F-theory Model Building
Creators: name: Marsano, Joseph
name: Saulina, Natalia
name: Schafer-Nameki, Sakura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a description of G-fluxes that induce chirality in 4-dimensional F-theory GUT spectra that is intrinsic to F-theory and does not rely on Heterotic/F-theory duality. Using this, we describe how to globally extend fluxes that have been constructed in a semi-local setting and obtain an F-theoretic formula for computing the chiral spectrum that they induce. Chirality computations agree with those from the semi-local Higgs bundle analysis for matter fields that are charged under the GUT-group, and hence with the standard Heterotic formulae where applicable. Finally, the relation of G-fluxes to SU(5)_{perp} bundles on the F-theory 4-fold is discussed and used to motivate a quantization rule that is consistent both with the Higgs bundle one as well as the Heterotic one when a Heterotic dual exists.
description: 41 pages + 2 appendices; v2 references added, typo in (2.14) corrected
Additional file 1 of Worldwide trends in the quality and breadth of clinical investigations of medical devices over the past decade: a scoping review and evidence map
Creators: name: Keane, David F.
name: Mathew, Cherian
name: Longley, Ryan
name: Dunne, Rosie
name: Mathew, Thomas
name: Harris, Elaine
name: Gillespie, Paddy
name: Pandit, Abhay
name: Griffin, Matthew D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1.
title: Η επίδραση της δημιουργικής κίνησης σε νήπια ηλικίας 4 ετών
title: The effect of creative movement in infants aged 4 years
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Οικονόμου, Ευαγγελία-Μαρία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2021
Subjects: Δημιουργική κίνηση
Νήπια
Ανάπτυξη
Βελτίωση δεξιοτήτων

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να εξετάσει την επίδραση της δημιουργικής κίνησης, στα εσωτερικά κίνητρα, στις γνωστικές και κινητικές δεξιότητες, καθώς στις κοινωνικές δεξιότητες σε νήπια τριών ως πέντε ετών. Τα κύρια ερευνητικά ερωτήματα της παρούσας έρευνας είναι τα παρακάτω: • Κατά πόσον οι γονείς είναι ενημερωμένοι για το τι συνιστά δημιουργική κίνηση; • Κατά πόσο νήπια 4 ετών συμμετέχουν σε δράσεις δημιουργικής κίνησης; • Παρατηρείται βελτίωση από τη συμμετοχή των νηπίων στη δημιουργική κίνηση και αν ναι, σε ποιους τομείς παρατηρείται η σημαντικότερη βελτίωση; Στην παρούσα έρευνα χρησιμοποιείται ερωτηματολόγιο με κλειστές και ανοιχτές ερωτήσεις. Το δείγμα της έρευνάς αποτελούν γονείς νηπίων. Η δειγματοληψία ήταν τυχαία και το ερωτηματολόγιο μοιράστηκε ηλεκτρονικά μέσω του Google Forms και απάντησαν 86 άτομα εκ των οποίων έγκυρες θεωρήθηκαν οι 81 απαντήσεις. Το πρώτο μέρος του ερωτηματολογίου της μελέτης απαρτίζεται από ερωτήσεις που διερευνούν ποσοτικά στοιχεία του δείγματος. Το ερωτηματολόγιο περιείχε κλειστές και ανοικτές ερωτήσεις, με πολλές εξ αυτών να είναι πεντάβαθμης κλίμακας Likert από το «Διαφωνώ απόλυτα» ως το «Συμφωνώ απόλυτα». Επίσης στις ανοιχτές ερωτήσεις οι ερωτηθέντες μπορούσαν να συμπληρώσουν ότι πίστευαν ότι θα βοηθούσε στην έρευνα και δεν εμπεριεχόταν στις κλειστές ερωτήσεις. Με βάση τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας ο τομέας με τη μεγαλύτερη βελτίωση είναι οι κοινωνικές και επικοινωνιακές και οι κινητικές δεξιότητες. Ωστόσο, σημαντική βελτίωση παρατηρείται και στη συμπεριφορά, αλλά όχι και στις γνωστικές δεξιότητες.
Dynamics of multi-species biofilm formation on food contact surfaces
Creators: name: Teixeira-Santos, Rita
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Multi-species biofilms; Food packaging; Polylactic acid; Polydimethylsiloxane; Food contact surfaces

description: Food packaging is an essential component of the food industry as it protects and conserves foods and products. However, food contact surfaces are prone to microbial adhesion and biofilm formation, which, in turn, contribute to food contamination and increase the risk of foodborne illness. The most common foodborne pathogens are Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which are able to form single- or multi-species biofilms. The formation of multi-species biofilms is particularly problematic, as they are often more resistant to disinfection procedures. Hence, it is important to understand the dynamics of multi-species biofilm formation on polymeric surfaces typically used for food packaging (e.g. polylactic acid (PLA) and silicone) in order to develop effective strategies to prevent biofouling.
For this purpose, biofilm assays were conducted in 12-well microtiter plates using S. aureus (SH1000 expressing GFP) and P. aeruginosa (PO1 expressing mCherry). Single- and dual-species biofilms were formed on PLA and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces for 72 h at 4 °C without shaking to simulate food packaging conditions. The number of total cells was determined by flow cytometry based on GFP and mCherry expression, while the number of culturable cells was estimated by counting colony-forming units (CFU) using selective culture media.
Results showed that there were no significant differences between the number of total and culturable cells of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa biofilms formed on PDMS and PLA surfaces. S. aureus displayed lower biofilm-forming capability compared to P. aeruginosa (p < 0.001). Dual-species biofilms contained more cells than those formed by S. aureus or P. aeruginosa (p = 0.001). In addition, dual-species biofilms were almost entirely composed of P. aeruginosa (90%) and presented a higher number of cells on PDMS than on PLA surface (p = 0.003).
Altogether, these results suggest that, in dual-species biofilms, there is probably an interaction of commensalism between P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, with benefits for the former. In addition, both polymeric surfaces are susceptible to microbial adhesion and biofilm formation, which can compromise food quality and safety.
A general approach to the sign problem - the factorization method with multiple observables
Creators: name: Anagnostopoulos, Konstantinos N.
name: Azuma, Takehiro
name: Nishimura, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sign problem is a notorious problem, which occurs in Monte Carlo simulations of a system with the partition function whose integrand is not real positive. The basic idea of the factorization method applied on such a system is to control some observables in order to determine and sample efficiently the region of configuration space which gives important contribution to the partition function. We argue that it is crucial to choose appropriately the set of the observables to be controlled in order for the method to work successfully in a general system. This is demonstrated by an explicit example, in which it turns out to be necessary to control more than one observables. Extrapolation to large system size is possible due to the nice scaling properties of the factorized functions, and known results obtained by an analytic method are shown to be consistently reproduced.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, (v2) references added (v3) Sections IV, V and VI improved, final version accepted by PRD
Spontaneous quantum Hall effect in quarter-doped Hubbard model on honeycomb lattice and its possible realization in quarter-doped graphene system
Creators: name: Li, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that as the result of the nesting property of the Fermi surface, the quarter-doped Hubbard model on honeycomb lattice is unstable with respect to the formation of a magnetic insulating state with nonzero spin chirality for infinitesimally small strength of electron correlation. The insulating state is found to be topological nontrivial and to have a quantized Hall conductance of $σ_{xy}=\frac{e^{2}}{h}$. We find the Fermi surface nesting is robust for arbitrary value of next-nearest-neighbor hopping integral. It is thus very possible that the quarter-doped graphene system will realize such an exotic ground state. We also show that the quarter-doped Hubbard model on honeycomb lattice is in exact equivalence in the weak coupling limit with the 3/4-filled Hubbard model on triangular lattice, in which similar effect is also observed.
description: A proof of the exact equivalence between the quarter-doped Hubbard model on honeycomb lattice and the 3/4-filled Hubbard model on triangular lattice in the weak coupling limit is added
CHANGES IN TREE CANOPY CHEMICAL AND SPECTRAL PROPERTIES IN RESPONSE TO SPOTTED LANTERNFLY (Lycorma delicatula)INFESTATIONS
Creators: name: Joll, Elisabeth G
name: Hoover, Kelli
name: Ginzel, Matthew
name: Couture, John
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Forestry sciences not elsewhere classified
Forestry management and environment
Photogrammetry and remote sensing

description: Invasive species have developed long-term relationships with humans, especially since the start of the Industrial Revolution, and they have caused immense damage to native environments, ecosystems, and economies. An emerging invasive insect that has recently gained considerable attention is the spotted lanternfly (SLF). Early detection of SLF infestations in new areas or at low densities can lead to a more efficacious management and reduce costs associated with control them. Developing approaches to detect the presence of invasive species, favorable habitats for their establishment, and predicting potential spread will be crucial for effective management strategies to protect native environments and the economy. The goal of my thesis is to improve the understanding of how spotted lanternfly changes the spectral profile and chemical composition of host tree species. I found that spotted lanternfly feeding influences host canopy chemical and spectral properties. Specifically, I was able to use leaf-level hyperspectral measurements to differentiate SLF infestations levels in silver maple and red maple, shown by my first chapter, along with black walnut in my second chapter. Further, I was able to find differences in phenolic compounds in response to SLF infestations in red maple. The results of my study have the potential to be scaled up from leaf-level to landscape-level measurements. I have identified spectral signatures in red maple, silver maple, and black walnut that can be used to identify infestations from spectral data collected from UAVs or satellites. This potentially provides a new method for detection that is easier than traditional ones (like manual scouting and trapping).
Minimal resolving sets for the hypercube
Creators: name: Ganesan, Ashwin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a given undirected graph $G$, an \emph{ordered} subset $S = {s_1,s_2,...,s_k} \subseteq V$ of vertices is a resolving set for the graph if the vertices of the graph are distinguishable by their vector of distances to the vertices in $S$. While a superset of any resolving set is always a resolving set, a proper subset of a resolving set is not necessarily a resolving set, and we are interested in determining resolving sets that are minimal or that are minimum (of minimal cardinality). Let $Q^n$ denote the $n$-dimensional hypercube with vertex set ${0,1}^n$. In Erdös and Renyi (Erdos & Renyi, 1963) it was shown that a particular set of $n$ vertices forms a resolving set for the hypercube. The main purpose of this note is to prove that a proper subset of that set of size $n-1$ is also a resolving set for the hypercube for all $n \ge 5$ and that this proper subset is a minimal resolving set.