cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Rahmenbedingungen und Handlungsempfehlungen zur Implementierung eines Mobility-on-Demand Systems in Bremen
title: Framework conditions and recommendations for action for the implementation of a Mobility-on-Demand system in Bremen
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Waldeck, Friederike
Publisher: name: Hochschule Bremen
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mobilität
subject: Mobility-on-Demand
subject: Ridepooling
subject: Ridesharing
subject: Bedarfsgesteuerte Mobilität
subject: ÖPNV
subject: Mobilitätswende
subject: Verkehrsinfrastruktur
subject: 620

description: Im Zuge des fortschreitenden Klimawandels und der damit verbundenen Mobilitätswende sowie der Weiterentwicklung von Technologie gewinnen flexible und bedarfsorientierte Mobilitätsangebote zunehmend an Bedeutung. Als Ergänzung des Öffentlichen Personennahverkehrs können bedarfsgesteuerte Mobilitätsangebote wie On-Demand-Ridepooling zu einer besseren und nachhaltigeren Mobilität führen. Diese Arbeit untersucht welche Rahmenbedingungen und Handlungsempfehlungen für eine erfolgreiche Implementierung eines Mobility-on-Demand Systems in Bremen notwendig sind. Hierbei werden unter anderem unterschiedliche Mobility-on-Demand Formen darstellt und bestehende Angebote in Bremen erläutert. Um die Nutzbarkeit eines solchen Systems sowohl in einem ländlichen als auch in einem urbanen Raum darzustellen, werden zwei unterschiedliche Untersuchungsräume im Stadtgebiet Bremen analysiert. Basierend auf den Ergebnissen werden Handlungsempfehlungen für eine erfolgreiche Implementierung eines bedarfsgesteuerten Ridepooling-Angebotes in Bremen entwickelt. Dabei werden Chancen und Risiken eines solchen Systems erläutert sowie zwingende und wünschenswerte Kriterien benannt. Diese Arbeit liefert Erkenntnisse für die Weiterentwicklung der Mobilität in Bremen und kann als Leitfaden für die Planung und Umsetzung eines On-Demand-Ridepooling-Systems dienen.
High-Energy theory for close Randall Sundrum branes
Creators: name: de Rham, Claudia
name: Webster, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain an effective theory for the radion dynamics of the two-brane Randall Sundrum model, correct to all orders in brane velocity in the limit of close separation, which is of interest for studying brane collisions and early Universe cosmology. Obtained via a recursive solution of the Bulk equation of motions, the resulting theory represents a simple extension of the corresponding low-energy effective theory to the high energy regime. The four-dimensional low-energy theory is indeed not valid when corrections at second order in velocity are considered. This extension has the remarkable property of including only second derivatives and powers of first order derivatives. This important feature makes the theory particularly easy to solve. We then extend the theory by introducing a potential and detuning the branes.
description: Version published in the Physical Review D
Additional file 9 of Nintedanib and immunomodulatory therapies in progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases
Creators: name: Cottin, Vincent
name: Richeldi, Luca
name: Rosas, Ivan
name: Otaola, Maria
name: Song, Jin Woo
name: Tomassetti, Sara
name: Wijsenbeek, Marlies
name: Schmitz, Manuela
name: Coeck, Carl
name: Stowasser, Susanne
name: Rozsa Schlenker-Herceg
name: Kolb, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 9: Figure S2. Rate of decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) (mL/year) over 52 weeks in subgroups taking high-dose, low-dose, or no glucocorticoids at baseline in the overall population (A), in subjects with a UIP-like fibrotic pattern on HRCT (B) and in subjects with other fibrotic patterns on HRCT (C).
Security Considerations for Internet of Things: A Survey
Creators: name: Jurcut, A.
name: Niculcea, T.
name: Ranaweera, P.
name: LeKhac, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Interconnecting "things" and devices that take the form of wearables, sensors, actuators, mobiles, computers, meters, or even vehicles is a critical requirement for the current era. These internetworked connections are serving the emerging applications home and building automation, smart cities and infrastructure, smart industries, and smart-everything. However, the security of these connected Internet of things (IoT) plays a centric role with no margin for error. After a review of the relevant, online literature on the topic and after looking at the market trends and developments, one can notice that there are still concerns with regard to security in IoT products and services. This paper is focusing on a survey on IoT security and aims to highlight the most significant problems related to safety and security in the IoT ecosystems. This survey identifies the general threat and attack vectors against IoT devices while highlighting the flaws and weak points that can lead to breaching the security. Furthermore, this paper presents solutions for remediation of the compromised security, as well as methods for risk mitigation, with prevention and improvement suggestions.
The Mass of a Millisecond Pulsar
Creators: name: Jacoby, B. A.
name: Hotan, A.
name: Bailes, M.
name: Ord, S.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on nearly two years of timing observations of the low-mass binary millisecond pulsar, PSR J1909-3744 with the Caltech-Parkes-Swinburne Recorder II (CPSR2), a new instrument that gives unprecedented timing precision. Daily observations give a weighted rms residual of 74 ns, indicating an extremely low level of systematic error. We have greatly improved upon the previous parallax and proper motion measurements of PSR J1909-3744, yielding a distance of $1.14^{+0.04}_{-0.03}$ kpc and transverse velocity of $(200^{+7}_{-6})$ km s$^{-1}$. The system's orbital eccentricity is just 1.35(12)$\times10^{-7}$, the smallest yet recorded. Since their discovery, the masses of the rapidly rotating millisecond pulsars have remained a mystery, with the recycling hypothesis arguing for heavy objects, and the accretion-induced collapse of a white dwarf more consistent with neutron stars less than the Chandrashkar limit. Fortuitously, PSR J1909-3744 is an edge-on system, and our data have allowed the measurement of the range and shape of the Shapiro delay to high accuracy, giving the first precise determination of a millisecond pulsar mass to date, $m_p = (1.438 \pm 0.024) M_\odot$. The mass of PSR J1909-3744 is at the upper edge of the range observed in mildly recycled pulsars in double neutron star systems, consistent with the the recycling hypothesis. It appears that the production of millisecond pulsars is possible with the accretion of less than $0.2 M_\odot$.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
Cluster magnetic fields from large-scale-structure and galaxy-cluster shocks
Creators: name: Medvedev, Mikhail V.
name: Silva, Luis O.
name: Kamionkowski, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the micro-Gauss magnetic fields in galaxy clusters is one of the outstanding problem of modern cosmology. We have performed three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations of the nonrelativistic Weibel instability in an electron-proton plasma, in conditions typical of cosmological shocks. These simulations indicate that cluster fields could have been produced by shocks propagating through the intergalactic medium during the formation of large-scale structure or by shocks within the cluster. The strengths of the shock-generated fields range from tens of nano-Gauss in the intercluster medium to a few micro-Gauss inside galaxy clusters.
description: 4 pages, 2 color figures
Ubiquitous $\rm NH_3$ supersonic component in L1688 coherent cores
Creators: name: Choudhury, Spandan
name: Pineda, Jaime E.
name: Caselli, Paola
name: Ginsburg, Adam
name: Offner, Stella S. R.
name: Rosolowsky, Erik
name: Friesen, Rachel K.
name: Alves, Felipe O.
name: Chacón-Tanarro, Ana
name: Punanova, Anna
name: Redaelli, Elena
name: Kirk, Helen
name: Myers, Philip C.
name: Martin, Peter G.
name: Shirley, Yancy
name: Chen, Michael Chun-Yuan
name: Goodman, Alyssa A.
name: Di Francesco, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context : Star formation takes place in cold dense cores in molecular clouds. Earlier observations have found that dense cores exhibit subsonic non-thermal velocity dispersions. In contrast, CO observations show that the ambient large-scale cloud is warmer and has supersonic velocity dispersions. Aims : We aim to study the ammonia ($\rm NH_3$) molecular line profiles with exquisite sensitivity towards the coherent cores in L1688 in order to study their kinematical properties in unprecedented detail. Methods : We used $\rm NH_3$ (1,1) and (2,2) data from the first data release (DR1) in the Green Bank Ammonia Survey (GAS). We first smoothed the data to a larger beam of 1' to obtain substantially more extended maps of velocity dispersion and kinetic temperature, compared to the DR1 maps. We then identified the coherent cores in the cloud and analysed the averaged line profiles towards the cores. Results : For the first time, we detected a faint (mean $\rm NH_3$(1,1) peak brightness $
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics on 06/07/2020. 15 pages, 16 figures, 1 table. Language edits from previous version
IMPORT DEMANDS FOR U.S. FRESH GRAPEFRUIT: EFFECT OF U.S. PROMOTION PROGRAMS AND TRADE POLICIES OF IMPORTING NATIONS
Creators: name: Fuller, Stephen W.
name: Bello, Haruna
name: Capps, Oral
name: Fuller, Stephen W.
name: Bello, Haruna
name: Capps, Oral
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This study estimates import demands for U.S. fresh grapefruit in Japan, France, Canada, and the Netherlands. Historically, these nations have imported about 90 percent of U.S. grapefruit exports. Four import demand functions were specified and estimated by joint generalized least squares based on the sample period 1969I to 1988IV. Results show that U.S. FOB price, per capita income of importing countries, exchange rates, price of substitutes, U.S. grapefruit promotion programs, and removal of trade restrictions have had an important effect on U.S. fresh grapefruit exports. Analyses suggest that U.S. producers can effectively promote fresh grapefruit in foreign markets, and that trade concessions have an important influence on grapefruit exports.
Pinggéra, Karl: All-Erlösung und All-Einheit
Creators: name: Tamcke, Martin
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 88 (2004): Oriens christianus, Band 88
A kinetic equation approach to the anomalous Hall effect in a diffusive Rashba two-dimensional electron system with magnetization
Creators: name: Liu, S. Y.
name: Lei, X. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a two-band kinetic equation method to investigate the anomalous Hall effect in a Rashba two-dimensional electron system subjected to a homogeneous magnetization. The electron-impurity scattering is taken into account in the self-consistent Born approximation. It is demonstrated that the impurity-density-free anomalous Hall conductivity arises from an intrinsic and a disorder-mediated mechanisms, associated respectively with the electron states under and near the Fermi surface. The intrinsic mechanism relates to a dc-field-induced transition process, or in other words, a linear stationary Rabi process. The disorder-mediated one corresponds to a scattering between impurities and the electrons participating in longitudinal transport. Numerically, the dependencies of the anomalous Hall conductivity on the spin-orbit coupling constants and the strength of the magnetization are demonstrated for both the short- and long-range collisions.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Density of surface charge is a more predictive factor of the toxicity of cationic carbon nanoparticles than zeta potential
Creators: name: Weiss, Maud
name: Jiahui Fan
name: Claudel, Mickaël
name: Sonntag, Thomas
name: Didier, Pascal
name: Ronzani, Carole
name: Lebeau, Luc
name: Pons, Françoise
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file: Figure S1. Cell uptake of NPs by A549 cells. Table S1. Cytokine production evoked by the NPs in THP-1 cells. Figure S2. Cellular responses evoked by the NPs in A549 cells. Figure S3. Dose-dependent airway inflammation induced by NP6 in the mouse.
REGIONAL ACREAGE RESPONSE FOR U.S. CORN AND WHEAT: THE EFFECTS OF GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS
Creators: name: Chembezi, Duncan M.
name: Womack, Abner W.
name: Chembezi, Duncan M.
name: Womack, Abner W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: This paper presents findings from an analytical scheme that offers a promising alternative to traditional procedures of modeling acreage response. The scheme addresses the two-step decision process in which program and nonprogram planting decisions are modeled separately, conditional on the decision to participate. This provides a more realistic and intuitive portrayal of producers' decision making process. The model is applied at the regional level to assess the impact of farm programs on acreage response for corn in the Cornbelt and Lake States, and for wheat in the Northern Plains. The impacts of policy variable changes on participation and planted acreage are also analyzed.
Aspects of physiology and trichome chemistry in the medicinal plant Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Schultz-Bip.
Creators: name: Usher, Kevin Bernard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study investigated aspects of physiology and terpenoid chemistry in feverfew, a medicinal plant used for migraine therapy. The sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide accumulates in feverfew shoots and is thought to contribute to feverfew's antimigraine activity. The first part of this study examined the effects of nitrogen application and irrigation on shoot yield and shoot parthenolide concentration. Reduced shoot yield was observed under treatments of low nitrogen application and irrigation frequency. Leaf parthenolide concentration increased in plants grown with high nitrogen application rates and decreased with high irrigation rates. In the second part of this study, shoot yield, parthenolide concentration and trichome distribution were examined in response to developmental changes. Days longer than approximately 12 hours induced flowering. Feverfew grown under days shorter than 12 hours for extended periods remained in a vegetative stage and their leaves accumulated parthenolide in concentrations up to 10x that of flowering plants. Yield was lower in vegetative plants grown under short days but leaf to stem ratio was high. Glandular trichomes are the site of parthenolide biosynthesis and storage. Leaf parthenolide concentration is related to glandular trichome densities on leaf surfaces. Young leaves of vegetative plants have high trichome densities while young leaves of flowering plants have low trichome densities. Trichome densities decreased with leaf expansion and as density decreased, parthenolide concentration decreased. The third part of this study investigated the two terpenoid biosynthetic pathways involved in parthenolide biosynthesis. Experiments using ¹⁴C and ¹³C labeled substrates revealed that both the mevalonate (MEV) and methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathways contribute isoprene subunits to parthenolide biosynthesis. Two of the three isoprene subunits in parthenolide were enriched after feeding shoots 1-¹³Cmevalonate and 2-¹³C-acetate, an enrichment pattern consistent with the M E V pathway. Parthenolide's enrichment pattern after feeding 2-¹³C-pyruvate and 1- ¹³C-Glucose was consistent with isoprene contributions from both pathways. After feeding 2-¹³C-pyruvate however, there was a higher proportion of ¹³C-enrichment from the MEP pathway than from the MEV pathway.
Incorporating Inertia Into Multi-Agent Systems
Creators: name: Man, W. C.
name: Chau, H. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a model that demonstrates the crucial role of inertia and stickiness in multi-agent systems, based on the Minority Game (MG). The inertia of an agent is introduced into the game model by allowing agents to apply hypothesis testing when choosing their best strategies, thereby reducing their reactivity towards changes in the environment. We find by extensive numerical simulations that our game shows a remarkable improvement of global cooperation throughout the whole phase space. In other words, the maladaptation behavior due to over-reaction of agents is removed. These agents are also shown to be advantageous over the standard ones, which are sometimes too sensitive to attain a fair success rate. We also calculate analytically the minimum amount of inertia needed to achieve the above improvement. Our calculation is consistent with the numerical simulation results. Finally, we review some related works in the field that show similar behaviors and compare them to our work.
description: extensively revised, 8 pages, 10 figures in revtex4
Brane with Transverse Rotation and Background Fields: Boundary State and Tachyon Condensation
Creators: name: Kamani, Davoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The boundary state corresponding to the D$p$-brane with a transverse rotation in the presence of the Kalb-Ramond and tachyon background fields and a $U(1)$ internal field will be constructed. We shall investigate effects of the open string tachyon condensation on this brane via its boundary state. We demonstrate that the background fields and transverse rotation cannot protect the brane against the collapse. Our calculations are in the context of the bosonic string theory.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX2e, no figure
Exceptional collections and D-branes probing toric singularities
Creators: name: Herzog, Christopher P.
name: Karp, Robert L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that a strongly exceptional collection on a singular toric surface can be used to derive the gauge theory on a stack of D3-branes probing the Calabi-Yau singularity caused by the surface shrinking to zero size. A strongly exceptional collection, i.e., an ordered set of sheaves satisfying special mapping properties, gives a convenient basis of D-branes. We find such collections and analyze the gauge theories for weighted projective spaces, and many of the Y^{p,q} and L^{p,q,r} spaces. In particular, we prove the strong exceptionality for all p in the Y^{p,p-1} case, and similarly for the Y^{p,p-2r} case.
description: 49 pages, 6 figures; v2 refs added; v3 published version
Neutral hydrogen in radio galaxies: results from nearby, importance for far away
Creators: name: Morganti, Raffaella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of neutral hydrogen emission and absorption in radio galaxies is giving new and important insights on a variety of phenomena observed in these objects. Such observations are helping to understand the origin of the host galaxy, the effects of the interaction between the radio jet and the ISM, the presence of fast gaseous outflows as well as jet-induced star formation. Recent results obtained on these phenomena are summarized in this review. Although the HI observations concentrate on nearby radio galaxies, the results also have relevance for the high-z objects as all these phenomena are important, and likely even more common, in high-redshift radio sources.
description: Invited review to appear in the proceedings of the Granada workshop on High Redshift Radio Galaxies, Villar-Martin et al. eds. AN in press (7 pages, 10 figures). The full paper with high resolution images can be downloaded from http://www.astron.nl/~morganti/Papers/Granada.pdf
Winkelmann, Friedhelm: Der monenergetisch-monotheletische Streit
Creators: name: Pinggéra, Karl
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 88 (2004): Oriens christianus, Band 88
MULTIPRODUCT PRODUCTION CHOICES AND PESTICIDE REGULATION IN GEORGIA
Creators: name: McIntosh, Christopher S.
name: Williams, Albert A.
name: McIntosh, Christopher S.
name: Williams, Albert A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: An increasing emphasis on surface and groundwater quality and food safety may result in some form of pesticide regulations. A restricted profit function model of Georgia agriculture is used to examine the short-run effects of 2 and 5 percent reductions in all pesticides. Point estimates of short-run impacts, along with their 90 percent confidence intervals are presented.
PRODUCTION RISK AND CROP INSURANCE IN MALTING BARLEY: A STOCHASTIC DOMINANCE ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Wilson, William W.
name: Gustafson, Cole R.
name: Dahl, Bruce L.
name: Wilson, William W.
name: Gustafson, Cole R.
name: Dahl, Bruce L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Crop insurance
subject: malting barley
subject: stochastic dominance
subject: stochastic efficiency

description: Malt barley is an important specialty crop in the Northern Plains and growers mitigate risk with federally subsidized crop insurance and production contracts. However, growers face considerable risk due to "coverage gaps" in crop insurance that result in uncertain indemnity payments due to uncertainty of their crop meeting contract specifications. A stochastic dominance model is developed to evaluate alternative risk efficient strategies for growers with differing risk attitudes and production practices (irrigation vs. dryland). Results show that efficient choices are highly dependent on risk attitudes for dryland growers, but not irrigated growers. Sensitivities with respect to acceptance risk and level of crop insurance subsidization are presented. Increased specialization of agricultural crops with greater emphasis on quality characteristics will limit dryland producer interest in federal crop insurance.
Additional file 1 of When the genome bluffs: a tandem duplication event during generation of a novel Agmo knockout mouse model fools routine genotyping
Creators: name: Sailer, Sabrina
name: Coassin, Stefan
name: Lackner, Katharina
name: Fischer, Caroline
name: McNeill, Eileen
name: Streiter, Gertraud
name: Kremser, Christian
name: Maglione, Manuel
name: Green, Catherine M.
name: Moralli, Daniela
name: Moschen, Alexander R.
name: Keller, Markus A.
name: Golderer, Georg
name: Werner-Felmayer, Gabriele
name: Tegeder, Irmgard
name: Channon, Keith M.
name: Davies, Benjamin
name: Werner, Ernst R.
name: Watschinger, Katrin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Additional figures and tables.
Effects of spatial non-uniformity on laser dynamics
Creators: name: Deych, Lev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiclassical equations of lasing dynamics are re-derived for a lasing medium in a cavity with a spatially non-uniform dielectric constant. It is shown that the non-uniformity causes a radiative coupling between modes of the empty cavity. This coupling results in a renormalization of self- and cross-saturation coefficients, which acquire a non-trivial dependence on the pumping intensity. Possible manifestations of these effects in random lasers are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, LaTex. Introduction is significantly rewritten, and the results is placed in the context of random lasing
Detection capabilities of the Athena X-IFU for the warm-hot intergalactic medium using gamma-ray burst X-ray afterglows
Creators: name: Walsh, S.
name: McBreen, S.
name: Martin-Carrillo, A.
name: Dauser, T.
name: Wijers, N.
name: Wilms, J.
name: Schaye, J.
name: Barret, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At low redshifts, the observed baryonic density falls far short of the total number of baryons predicted. Cosmological simulations suggest that these baryons reside in filamentary gas structures, known as the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM). As a result of the high temperatures of these filaments, the matter is highly ionised such that it absorbs and emits far-UV and soft X-ray photons. Athena, the proposed European Space Agency X-ray observatory, aims to detect the `missing' baryons in the WHIM up to redshifts of $z=1$ through absorption in active galactic nuclei and gamma-ray burst afterglow spectra, allowing for the study of the evolution of these large-scale structures of the Universe. This work simulates WHIM filaments in the spectra of GRB X-ray afterglows with Athena using the SImulation of X-ray TElescopes (SIXTE) framework. We investigate the feasibility of their detection with the X-IFU instrument, through O VII ($E=573$ eV) and O VIII ($E=674$ eV) absorption features, for a range of equivalent widths imprinted onto GRB afterglow spectra of observed starting fluxes ranging between $10^{-12}$ and $10^{-10}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$, in the 0.3-10 keV energy band. The analyses of X-IFU spectra by blind line search show that Athena will be able to detect O VII-O VIII absorption pairs with EW$_\mathrm{O VII} > 0.13$ eV and EW$_\mathrm{O VIII} > 0.09$ eV for afterglows with $F>2 \times 10^{-11}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. This allows for the detection of $\approx$ 45-137 O VII-O VIII absorbers during the four-year mission lifetime. The work shows that to obtain an O VII-O VIII detection of high statistical significance, the local hydrogen column density should be limited at $N_\mathrm{H}<8 \times 10^{20}$ cm$^{-2}$.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Study on Awareness about Food Adulteration and Consumer Rights among Consumers in Dhaka,Bangladesh
Creators: name: Aishawarya Arefin
name: Arefin, Paroma
name: Habib, Shehan
name: MD SAIDUL AREFIN
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Health Care
subject: 90804 Food Packaging, Preservation and Safety
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 90802 Food Engineering
subject: 90899 Food Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Economics
subject: 140201 Agricultural Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Combating food adulteration is a great challenge in Bangladesh. The customer is the leading economic community and the focus of all commercial activities. The price, availability, variety, and attractiveness of consumer products have increased with the rise in people’s incomes. The business sector is practically bursting with complex technology-based new products. Regardless of misleading advertising, unsuitable media coverage, and food adulteration, it is challenging for the customer to select a particular foodstuff. The primary victim is a customer who casually takes adulterated food and pays the price of such corrupt practices. Bangladesh Government has enacted the Food Safety Act, 2013 to ensure food safety. But, consumer awareness is one of the most important steps towards reducing the adulteration of foods. Consumer faces different kinds of challenges to ensure food safety for them. To effectively face these challenges, consumers need to prepare themselves against these issues. In our present study, we have analyzed the different consumer behavior considering food adulteration and their awareness about consumer rights.
Adding an Exported Services Component to the North Dakota Input-Output Model's Business and Personal Services Sector
Creators: name: Coon, Randal C.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Coon, Randal C.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: exported services
subject: economic development
subject: input-output model

description: The North Dakota Input-Output model has been used extensively to analyze changes in the state's economy. Within the past decade, exported services (e.g., telemarketing, data processing, reservation and financial centers) have become an important component of the North Dakota economic base. The purpose of this report is to estimate the contribution of exported services firms to the economic base (sales for final demand) of North Dakota and of regions and counties within the state, for 1998 and 1999. Exported services sales for final demand in 1999 totaled $348 million statewide, or almost 3 percent of the state's economic base. Regions 5, 2, and 7 had the largest contributions from exported services activities, which amounted to 6 percent of total sales for final demand in Region 5, 4 percent in Region 2, and 2 percent in Region 7.
Couplings of the eta and eta' Mesons to the Nucleon
Creators: name: Nasrallah, N. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The couplings of the eta and eta' mesons to the nucleon are obtained from the U_A(1) Goldberger-Treiman relation. The chiral symmetry breaking corrections are very large and bring the calculated values of the coupling constants G_etaNN and G_eta'NN close to values obtained from potential models.
description: Version 3. The old version went by mistake Version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Mitigating the Duck Curve Effects through Optimized Solar PV Orientation
Creators: name: Akande, Liadi Abiodun
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: duck curve
optimization model
Pyomo library
Ipopt solver
power grid
Solar Energy

description: The rapid expansion of solar energy has introduced significant challenges to grid stability, particularly with the emergence of the "duck curve" phenomenon. This curve represents the disparity between solar energy generation and electricity demand, leading to periods of overgeneration during midday and steep ramps in conventional power generation during the evening. These issues pose threats to both the reliability of the power grid and the efficiency of the solar energy generated. Traditional solutions, such as energy storage systems, demand response programs, and grid modernization, often require substantial investments and infrastructure development, which may not be feasible for all utilities.
description: This thesis proposes an innovative and cost-effective approach to address these challenges by optimizing the orientation of utility-scale solar panels. Specifically, it explores the use of deterministic optimization to calculate the most favorable tilt and azimuth angles for solar panels within a given operational area. By adjusting the orientation of solar panels away from the conventional south-facing position, this method aims to better align solar energy generation with electricity demand, thereby reducing the need for curtailment and minimizing the steep net load ramp in the evening. The optimization model, formulated using the Pyomo library and solved with the Ipopt solver, ensures that the solution is both efficient and reliable, maximizing solar energy production while enhancing grid stability.
description: The results demonstrate that optimized solar panel orientations not only contribute to a more stable grid but also reduce the strain on energy storage systems, leading to lower
description: operational costs and extended system lifespans. Overall, this research provides a practical solution to the challenges of high renewable energy penetration, offering a strategy that enhances the integration of solar energy into the grid with minimal investments.
Aspen, elk, and fire in the Canadian Rocky Mountains
Creators: name: White, Cliff
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) is failing to survive through the sapling stage (2 to 4 m) to tree size in many national parks in western North America. Hypotheses for aspen decline include reduced burning, climate change, high herbivory by native ungulates (mainly elk (Cervus elaphus)), or interactions between these factors. Historic and current aspen condition was investigated in several watersheds, inside and outside of national parks, in the Rocky Mountains of Alberta, Canada to determine the causes of aspen decline. Methods included repeats of historical photographs, fire history by dendrochronology, time-series analysis (of climate, burned area, elk density, and aspen regeneration), wildlife exclosure measurements, analysis of elk functional herbivory response to aspen density, and effects of predation risk on elk-aspen foraging patterns. Aspen regeneration was abundant in historic photographs, is currently abundant in areas with low elk density (<2 elk/ km ), but has declined precipitously in national park areas with high elk density. Historic anthropogenic burning appeared to be important along valley-bottom corridors occupied by aspen, but declined c. 1900 due to changes in cultural land uses. Yearly fluctuations in climatic conditions or burned area did not appear to be factors in aspen decline. Aspen is regenerating in wildlife exclosures on a range of site moisture conditions. Thus, climate or disturbance, either individually, or interactively with herbivory, do not appear to be major factors in aspen decline. However, elk herbivory was a highly significant factor. Elk-aspen herbivory followed a Type 2 functional response (decreased rates of browsing at higher densities of aspen regeneration) that may have occurred because predation sensitive elk avoided dense aspen stands. Historically, valley-bottom aspen habitats were heavily used by predators (humans and wolves) which reduced elk herbivory, and were frequently human-burned which stimulated regeneration of dense stems. Current land uses in national parks (with control of hunting and fire, and high human use that displaces wary predators but habituates elk) are the opposite of these long-term processes. Successful aspen regeneration will likely require a period of very low densities of elk that are wary of predators and humans, followed by restoration of anthropogenic burning.
Bayesian Non-Parametric Detection Heterogeneity in Ecological Models
Creators: name: Turek, Daniel
name: Wehrhahn, Claudia
name: Gimenez, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Detection heterogeneity is inherent to ecological data, arising from factors such as varied terrain or weather conditions, inconsistent sampling effort, or heterogeneity of individuals themselves. Incorporating additional covariates into a statistical model is one approach for addressing heterogeneity, but is no guarantee that any set of measurable covariates will adequately address the heterogeneity, and the presence of unmodelled heterogeneity has been shown to produce biases in the resulting inferences. Other approaches for addressing heterogeneity include the use of random effects, or finite mixtures of homogeneous subgroups. Here, we present a non-parametric approach for modelling detection heterogeneity for use in a Bayesian hierarchical framework. We employ a Dirichlet process mixture which allows a flexible number of population subgroups without the need to pre-specify this number of subgroups as in a finite mixture. We describe this non-parametric approach, then consider its use for modelling detection heterogeneity in two common ecological motifs: capture-recapture and occupancy modelling. For each, we consider a homogeneous model, finite mixture models, and the non-parametric approach. We compare these approaches using two simulation studies, and observe the non-parametric approach as the most reliable method for addressing varying degrees of heterogeneity. We also present two real-data examples, and compare the inferences resulting from each modelling approach. Analyses are carried out using the \texttt{nimble} package for \texttt{R}, which provides facilities for Bayesian non-parametric models.
Resources for Selecting and Using Generalist Repositories to Support NIH Data Sharing
Creators: name: Van Gulick, Ana
name: Curtin, Lisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Generalist Repository Ecosystem Initiative (GREI)
Generalist Repository Comparison Chart
Generalist Repository Selection Flowchart
Data Sharing

description: This brief presentation for the NCI Office of Data Sharing Annual Data Sharing Symposium: Driving Cancer Advances through Impactful Research shared information about the Generalist Repository Ecosystem Inititative (GREI) and highlighted two GREI resources, the Generalist Repository Comparison Chart and the Generalist Repository Selection Flowchart.
Different time scales in dynamic systems with multiple exits
Creators: name: Bel, Golan
name: Zilman, Anton
name: Kolomeisky, Anatoly B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Stochastic biochemical and transport processes have various final outcomes, and they can be viewed as dynamic systems with multiple exits. Many current theoretical studies, however, typically consider only a single time scale for each specific outcome, effectively corresponding to a single-exit process and assuming the independence of each exit process. But the presence of other exits influences the statistical properties and dynamics measured at any specific exit. Here, we present theoretical arguments to explicitly show the existence of different time scales, such as mean exit times and inverse exit fluxes, for dynamic processes with multiple exits. This implies that the statistics of any specific exit dynamics cannot be considered without taking into account the presence of other exits. Several illustrative examples are described in detail using analytical calculations, mean-field estimates, and kinetic Monte Carlo computer simulations. The underlying microscopic mechanisms for the existence of different time scales are discussed. The results are relevant for understanding the mechanisms of various biological, chemical, and industrial processes, including transport through channels and pores.
2006 NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK: REPRESENTATIVE FARMS, 2006-2015
Creators: name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: net farm income
subject: debt-to-asset ratios
subject: cropland prices
subject: land rental rates
subject: farm operating expenses
subject: capitalization rate
subject: risk

description: Net farm income for nearly all representative farms in 2015 is projected to be higher than in 2005. Low-profit farms, which comprise 20% of the farms in the study, may not have financial resiliency to survive without off-farm income. Commodity prices and yields are projected to increase slightly faster than costs, which will increase net farm income. Cropland prices and cash rental rates are projected to increase slightly in all regions. Debt-to-asset ratios for most farms will decrease slightly throughout the forecast period. Debt-to-asset ratios for the low-profit farms are expected to increase throughout the forecast period.
Privacy-Preserving Multi-Operator Contact Tracing for Early Detection of Covid19 Contagions
Creators: name: Andreoletti, Davide
name: Ayoub, Omran
name: Giordano, Silvia
name: Tornatore, Massimo
name: Verticale, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) is imposing a severe worldwide lock-down. Contact tracing based on smartphones' applications (apps) has emerged as a possible solution to trace contagions and enforce a more sustainable selective quarantine. However, a massive adoption of these apps is required to reach the critical mass needed for effective contact tracing. As an alternative, geo-location technologies in next generation networks (e.g., 5G) can enable Mobile Operators (MOs) to perform passive tracing of users' mobility and contacts with a promised accuracy of down to one meter. To effectively detect contagions, the identities of positive individuals, which are known only by a Governmental Authority (GA), are also required. Note that, besides being extremely sensitive, these data might also be critical from a business perspective. Hence, MOs and the GA need to exchange and process users' geo-locations and infection status data in a privacy-preserving manner. In this work, we propose a privacy-preserving protocol that enables multiple MOs and the GA to share and process users' data to make only the final users discover the number of their contacts with positive individuals. The protocol is based on existing privacy-enhancing strategies that guarantee that users' mobility and infection status are only known to their MOs and to the GA, respectively. From extensive simulations, we observe that the cost to guarantee total privacy (evaluated in terms of data overhead introduced by the protocol) is acceptable, and can also be significantly reduced if we accept a negligible compromise in users' privacy.
Additional file 3 of When the genome bluffs: a tandem duplication event during generation of a novel Agmo knockout mouse model fools routine genotyping
Creators: name: Sailer, Sabrina
name: Coassin, Stefan
name: Lackner, Katharina
name: Fischer, Caroline
name: McNeill, Eileen
name: Streiter, Gertraud
name: Kremser, Christian
name: Maglione, Manuel
name: Green, Catherine M.
name: Moralli, Daniela
name: Moschen, Alexander R.
name: Keller, Markus A.
name: Golderer, Georg
name: Werner-Felmayer, Gabriele
name: Tegeder, Irmgard
name: Channon, Keith M.
name: Davies, Benjamin
name: Werner, Ernst R.
name: Watschinger, Katrin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Additional materials and methods.
Characterization of a Differential Radio-Frequency Single-Electron Transistor
Creators: name: Schneiderman, J. F.
name: Delsing, P.
name: Shaw, M. D.
name: Bozler, H. M.
name: Echternach, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have fabricated and characterized a new type of electrometer that couples two parallel single-electron transistors (SETs) to a radio-frequency tank circuit for use as a differential RF-SET. We demonstrate operation of this device in summing, differential, and single-SET operation modes, and use it to measure a Coulomb staircase from a differential single Cooper-pair box. In differential mode, the device is sensitive to uncorrelated input signals while screening out correlated ones.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Applied Physics Letters
ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION IN NORTH DAKOTA
Creators: name: Vanwechel, Tamara
name: Gustafson, Cole R.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Vanwechel, Tamara
name: Gustafson, Cole R.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: biodiesel
subject: soybeans
subject: economic feasibility

description: The U. S. biodiesel industry is rapidly expanding due to energy production concerns, environmental concerns, and recent legislation. The most common type of biodiesel in the United States is derived from soybean oil. Soybeans are a major crop in North Dakota and could easily supply a 5 million gallon per year biodiesel facility. Potential market segments of a biodiesel facility in North Dakota include agriculture, construction, and state fleet sectors based on current diesel use. However, with existing technology and no subsidy, biodiesel operation and investment costs for a North Dakota facility are not competitive with petroleum diesel. Using soybean oil prices of 17 cents to 25 cents per pound, the per gallon cost of producing diesel in southeastern North Dakota ranges between $2.02 and $2.64, while the wholesale price for regular diesel is $0.91. The cost of producing biodiesel is highly dependent on the price and availability of soybean oil. While biodiesel production technology is feasible and fairly simple, producing biodiesel in North Dakota is not economically feasible at least in the foreseeable future.
New York Times Upshot/Siena College: November 2018 New York 19 Poll
Creators: name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Likelihood of voting in 2018 election (2); vote for Democrat/Republican for Congress (1); New York Congressional District 19 (1); Democratic Candidate Antonio Delgado (1); Republican Candidate John Faso (1); opinion of various public figures (2); respondent would like Democrats/Republicans to control House of Representatives (1); President Donald Trump job performance (1); political partisanship (1).