cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Grain refinement of magnesium alloy AZ91E
Creators: name: Azad, Amit
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) process has been used to develop a novel grain refiner Al-SiC master alloy for AZ91E Mg alloys. When the Al-SiC master alloy was added to molten AZ91E alloy, the Al matrix melted and allowed the SiC particles to distribute homogeneously throughout the molten AZ91E alloy. After addition of 0.1 wt.% Al-SiC master alloy to AZ91E alloy, the mean grain size decreased from 227.5 ± 5.0 µm to 197.5 ± 5.0 µm; however, the mean grain size increased when the amount of added Al-SiC exceeded 0.1 wt.%. The grain refining and coarsening mechanisms were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (XEDS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It is proposed that the binary carbides (e.g., MgC), possibly acted as heterogeneous nucleation sites for grain refinement. The formation of ineffective nuclei AlCMn₃ with the increased amount of grain refiner exceeding 0.1 wt.% Al-SiC has inhibited formation of MgC, resulting in grain coarsening. The effect of Al-SiC on the mean area percentage of β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase and porosity were investigated using optical microscopy, while hardness was measured using a Rockwell hardness tester. It was found that increasing the addition of Al-SiC had an effect on β-phase and porosity. The highest mean area percentage of β-phase was found 6.6 ± 1.3 % with the addition of 1 wt.% Al-SiC, while the lowest mean area percentage of porosity was 1.9 ± 0.5 % with the addition of 0.1wt.% Al-SiC. It was found that adding the Al-SiC master alloy to AZ91E alloy had no influence on hardness.
On Sharpe-ratio-based Optimal Insurance Design
Creators: name: Liu, Jianan
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sharpe ratio
subject: Value ar Risk
subject: Tail Value at Risk
subject: Optimal insurance
subject: Expected utility over risk
subject: Economics--Finance
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: As an important risk-hedging tool, insurance can increase an individual’s expected utility or reduce her risk exposure. However, pursuing both goals is rarely considered in the literature of insurance contracting. This thesis delves into the optimal insurance design problem by striking a balance between the expected utility and the associated risk. To tackle this objective, we resort to the notion of the Sharpe ratio to identify the optimal contract, which is located on the efficient frontier. The focus of this thesis centers on utilizing Value at Risk (VaR) and Tail Value at Risk (TVaR) as risk measures. We derive parametric forms of the optimal indemnity function in scenarios where a decision maker (DM) seeks to maximize end-of-period expected utility subject to a pre-set acceptable risk level. Since the closed-form or analytical solution for such a contract is rather difficult to derive, we present numerous numerical examples to comprehensively explore various aspects of this methodology. As shown by the results, the Shapre-ratio-based contract is relatively robust except in the Pareto case under VaR preference, and increasing the probability level or risk loading factor adversely affects the ratio. Furthermore, we numerically analyze the popular industrial contract specifically the limited excess-of-loss contract, under the framework of VaR. Our findings reveal that the optimal policy is achieved when the upper limit coverage equals VaR minus the deductible amount. This finding bears a strong resemblance to the optimal contract in our proposed model. The results complement the study of Jiang and Ren (2021).
Fractional quantum-Hall liquid spontaneously generated by strongly correlated t_2g electrons
Creators: name: Venderbos, Jörn W. F.
name: Kourtis, Stefanos
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
name: Daghofer, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For topologically nontrivial and very narrow bands, Coulomb repulsion between electrons has been predicted to give rise to a spontaneous fractional quantum-Hall (FQH) state in absence of magnetic fields. Here we show that strongly correlated electrons in a t_2g-orbital system on a triangular lattice self-organize into a spin-chiral magnetic ordering pattern that induces precisely the required topologically nontrivial and flat bands. This behavior is very robust and does not rely on fine tuning. In order to go beyond mean field and to study the impact of longer-range interactions, we map the low-energy electronic states onto an effective one-band model. Exact diagonalization is then used to establish signatures of a spontaneous FQH state.
description: additional material on the effective one-band model, accepted for PRL
Additional file 5 of The usefulness of 3D printed heart models for medical student education in congenital heart disease
Creators: name: Karsenty, Clement
name: Guitarte, Aitor
name: Dulac, Yves
name: Briot, Jerome
name: Hascoet, Sebastien
name: Vincent, Remi
name: Delepaul, Benoit
name: Vignaud, Paul
name: Djeddai, Camelia
name: Hadeed, Khaled
name: Acar, Philippe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5: S5. The post-test questionnaire for ventricular septal defect including the objective and subjective questionnaire.
Supersymmetric Vacua in N=2 Supergravity
Creators: name: Louis, Jan
name: Smyth, Paul
name: Triendl, Hagen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the embedding tensor formalism to analyse maximally symmetric backgrounds of N=2 gauged supergravities which have the full N=2 supersymmetry. We state the condition for N=2 vacua and discuss some of their general properties. We show that if the gauged isometries leave the SU(2) R-symmetry invariant, then the N=2 vacuum must be Minkowski. This implies that there are no AdS backgrounds with eight unbroken supercharges in the effective N=2 supergravity of six-dimensional SU(3) x SU(3) structure compactifications of type II string theory and M-theory. Combined with previous results on N=1 vacua, we show that there exist N=2 supergravities with a given set of gauged Abelian isometries that have both N=2 and N=1 vacua. We also argue that an analogue of our analysis holds in five and six spacetime dimensions.
description: 14 pages, v2: references added, statement on SU(3) x SU(3) structure compactifications clarified; v3: published version with statement on moduli space of N=2 AdS vacua corrected
Igény és fogyasztás: a nagyszebeniek és a "török marha" a 16. században
Creators: name: Pakucs-Willcocks, Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Turkish products, consumption, demand, retailing, Sibiu, Transylvania, sixteenth century

description: Demand and consumption: the inhabitants of Sibiu and the Turkish products in the sixteenth century

The paper discusses the attitudes of the inhabitants of the town of Sibiu  (in Transylvania) toward the goods brought into town from the Ottoman Empire. Throughout the sixteenth century, normative documents show a concern for the democratic sale of these goods that were collected at the customs. Furthermore, records from the customs accounts from the middle of the sixteenth century reveal how the sale of the collected oriental products took place, showing the local elite as the main customers. The private records of Georg Dollert, notary in Sibiu at the end of the sixteenth century, give us the first documents on retailing in Transylvania.
Addition of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Intensive Interdisciplinary Pain Treatment for Youth with Chronic Pain
Creators: name: Epp, Spencer Daniel
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
subject: Pediatric chronic pain
subject: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
subject: Intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biophysics--Medical
subject: Mental Health

description: Background: Pediatric chronic pain is highly prevalent. The current gold standard of treatment are Intensive Interdisciplinary Pain Treatment (IIPT) programs, providing a multimodal range of therapies over a short time frame. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment for adults with chronic pain but has not yet been used in youth chronic pain populations. Justifying the use of rTMS to the MFG and determining the safety and tolerance of this application in a pediatric population is critical to advancing pediatric chronic pain management. Methods: 20 youth with chronic pain aged 12-18 years underwent fMRI task-based neuroimaging and completed pain questionnaires before and after IIPT at the Alberta Children’s Hospital. These patients were assessed for changes in brain response to emotional stimuli following treatment in absence of rTMS, and these brain changes were compared to changes to pain interference. 15 further patients completed the IIPT program with the inclusion of rTMS as an additional therapy and were assessed for their tolerance of rTMS and attitude towards the treatment. Results: The non-rTMS group demonstrated a significant positive correlation between a reduction in pain interference and a decrease in MFG activity over the course of treatment. The rTMS group reported similar reductions in pain interference and no major adverse events. Although uncommon, headache, light-headedness, and neck pain were the most frequently reported adverse symptoms. Neck pain was the only symptom found to be consistently exacerbated by rTMS. Pre-IIPT, participants generally expected rTMS to provide great benefit, but post-IIPT reported physio- and psychotherapies as most helpful to their recovery. Conclusions: The fMRI results from the non-rTMS group help justify the use of rTMS in the IIPT. rTMS does not appear to influence established outcomes of the IIPT positively or negatively at this time, though greater sample sizes are needed for more powerful analyses. Action should be taken to minimize minor adverse symptoms during stimulation, however, rTMS is shown to be broadly safe and tolerable for this youth chronic pain population. Future analyses should focus on the magnitude and longevity of influence of rTMS on IIPT outcomes.
"We are damaged" : planning and biopower in Halifax, Nova Scotia, 1880-2010
Creators: name: Rutland, Ted William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This dissertation examines how modern urban planning has sought to manage human life in the city of Halifax, Nova Scotia. Covering the period between 1880 and 2010, the dissertation examines a series of key moments and initiatives in the history of urban planning in Halifax. Drawing on archival research, semi-structured interviews, and social theory, it examines how planning sought to protect, improve, or otherwise alter the condition of human life; how power was implicated and exercised in these initiatives; and how acts of violence were committed against certain individuals or groups in the paradoxical name of safeguarding “life.” Drawing centrally on Foucault’s analysis of biopower, this dissertation argues that the seemingly paradoxical character of modern planning – its stated commitment to protecting or improving life, on the one hand, and its observe capacity to damage life, on the other – can be connected to the particular configurations of knowledge and power through which life is managed in modernity. Consistent with Foucault’s analysis, life is shown to be perceived by urban planning in relation to certain norms, and those who are perceived to betray these norms are liable to be exempted from the benefits of planning, compelled to bear its costs, or both. Across a series of initiatives, from the construction of “model tenements” in the early 1900s to the mobilization of public “participation” in the 1970s, planning is shown to operate within a divided, bifurcated conception of human life. Damaged lives, and a damaged city, are often a consequence of such divisions. In contrast to analyses that attribute the damage caused by modern planning to a deviation from its proper (or possible) role as a guardian of life, this dissertation concludes that damage is often integral to precisely the latter role, and it argues for a deeper interrogation of the configurations of knowledge and power that planning has come to serve.
Dark Matter Assimilation into the Baryon Asymmetry
Creators: name: D'Eramo, Francesco
name: Fei, Lin
name: Thaler, Jesse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pure singlets are typically disfavored as dark matter candidates, since they generically have a thermal relic abundance larger than the observed value. In this paper, we propose a new dark matter mechanism called "assimilation", which takes advantage of the baryon asymmetry of the universe to generate the correct relic abundance of singlet dark matter. Through assimilation, dark matter itself is efficiently destroyed, but dark matter number is stored in new quasi-stable heavy states which carry the baryon asymmetry. The subsequent annihilation and late-time decay of these heavy states yields (symmetric) dark matter as well as (asymmetric) standard model baryons. We study in detail the case of pure bino dark matter by augmenting the minimal supersymmetric standard model with vector-like chiral multiplets. In the parameter range where this mechanism is effective, the LHC can discover long-lived charged particles which were responsible for assimilating dark matter.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables; v2, references added, switched to JCAP format; v3, references added, version published in JCAP
How to Parent in Canada? The Struggle to Develop a New Habitus Among Chinese Immigrant Mothers
Creators: name: Liu, Dongzhao
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Habitus
subject: Bourdieu
subject: Chinese Immigrants
subject: Immigrant Parenting
subject: Child Development
subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Anthropology--Cultural
subject: Psychology--Developmental
subject: Psychology--Social

description: Parents worldwide aspire to guide their children toward what they see as “success”. However, immigrant families in Canada, especially those from non-Western backgrounds, encounter distinct challenges. These include maintaining family cohesion and supporting their children's psychological and emotional well-being amidst acculturation differences. This qualitative study utilizes Bourdieu’s critical sociological theory to examine the experiences of five first-generation, middle-class Chinese immigrant mothers in Alberta, Canada. Despite past research suggesting that immigrant parents are resistant to changing some of their deeply held beliefs (regardless of how they diverge from predominant norms), the findings of this study point toward participants’ shared desire to abandon their cultural traditions. They rejected the high-power, hierarchical parent-child relationships of their own upbringing and instead strove to respect their children as autonomous equals with the ‘right’ to self-expression, aligning with Western philosophical paradigms. However, despite these intentions, their habitus is embodied and enduring, such that their habitual ways of reacting and relating to their children reflect the very traditions they consciously reject. The findings illuminate the challenges non-Western immigrant parents face in implementing their evolving parenting goals in everyday interactions with their children.
title: Feral Horses, Feral Asses, and Professional Politicians: Broodings From a Beleaguered Biologist
Creators: name: Bleich, Vernon C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: As a member of National Wild Horse and Burro Advisory Board, I gained insight into several aspects of feral equid management that previously had been somewhat cryptic. Foremost in my experience, though, was the dedication and professionalism of the board members with whom I served. During my tenure, the professional approach to management and the frustration faced by employees within the Horse and Burro Program became increasingly apparent. Further came the realization that the effectiveness of the board and program can be improved substantially, if (1) the board is provided the opportunity to rebut or counter incorrect or misleading information received during public testimony, and those statements are shared with elected officials; (2) any member of the Board whose term expires can remain involved in board activities until that board member is reappointed or replaced; and (3) congressional representatives place the well-being of public rangelands ahead of personal ambitions and political expediency. In the absence of corrective actions, the public rangelands will continue to deteriorate, and the concomitant impacts to native species and feral equids will remain unabated, if not exacerbated.
Long-Range Navigation on Complex Networks using Lévy Random Walks
Creators: name: Riascos, A. P.
name: Mateos, José L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a strategy of navigation in undirected networks, including regular, random, and complex networks, that is inspired by Lévy random walks, generalizing previous navigation rules. We obtained exact expressions for the stationary probability distribution, the occupation probability, the mean first passage time, and the average time to reach a node on the network. We found that the long-range navigation using the Lévy random walk strategy, compared with the normal random walk strategy, is more efficient at reducing the time to cover the network. The dynamical effect of using the Lévy walk strategy is to transform a large-world network into a small world. Our exact results provide a general framework that connects two important fields: Lévy navigation strategies and dynamics on complex networks.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Investigating Water Sources and Survival Strategies of Conifer Trees Growing on Cliffs.
Creators: name: Ives, Michelle Amy
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Vertical limestone cliffs in the Canadian Rockies are often heavily fractured. These fractures can collect soil and organic matter and provide a substrate for tree growth on these otherwise inhospitable bedrock cliffs. Trees growing in this environment face several constraints, the most significant of which is limited water availability, yet often live to be well over 150 years old. With the increasing potential for tree mortality due to climate-induced drought in forests worldwide, insight from these already chronically water-stressed trees is invaluable. Here I investigate the source and quantity of water for two species of trees, Douglas Fir (Pseudostuga mensiesii) and Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii), growing on a south facing limestone cliff in the Canadian Rockies. I explore the role of the fracture contributing area and fracture soil characteristics in the volume of infiltrated water. Additionally, I look at adaptations of the two species to long-term water stress in this harsh environment. I found that: 1) Both species of trees get water from recent rainfall and evaporated soil water. 2) Overland flow may be a significant additional water input for trees growing on cliffs (2x the volume of direct rainfall). The volume of this input depends on contributing area and soil hydraulic characteristics, with larger contributing areas generating more overland flow and more overland flow infiltrating in soils with higher hydraulic conductivity. 3) Trees growing on the limestone cliff have access to limited amounts of water, moving max daily volumes of sapflow less than 50 L/day in 2021 and 80 L/day in 2022, while trees at nearby glacial till site are moving up to 619 L/day and 418 L/day. 4) Both species cope with chronic water stress by growing slowly and maintaining consistently small sapwood areas. Douglas Fir growing on the cliff maintain higher levels of transpiration during periods with low water availability, which may be attributed to their more cavitation resistant tracheid cells. Although these trees are extremely water limited, they have survived long periods of time, and provide some insight into how chronically water stressed trees are better adapted to deal with water limitation.
Automatic Registration of Imagery to Mobile LiDAR Maps
Creators: name: Jones, Kent Douglas
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mobile Mapping Systems
subject: Sensor Fusion
subject: Twin Models
subject: Registration
subject: Engineering

description: Mapping in 3D that records geospatial data from platform-mounted sensors with digital twinning supports maintenance and future planning of civil infrastructure. Three-dimensional mapping is efficiently performed with a Mobile Mapping System (MMS). This research demonstrates camera-only registration of subsequently captured images to an MMS point-cloud for updating MMS datasets. The research resolves key issues with inherent resolution differences between MMS laser scanner point-clouds and camera images by bridging differences between MMS point-clouds and camera images using a synthetic camera image (SCI). SCI are used to determine the approximate pose or coarse register the camera image to the MMS point cloud. The SCI coarse registration precision is maximized by generating surfaces, interpolating intensity values, and reducing noise with a median filter. The SCI is processed with a median filter to remove salt-and-pepper noise from the generation methods while preserving edges. Edgeboxes are adapted to find similar features in both SCIs and camera images. These features are then passed through layers of a convolutional neural network to provide a feature descriptor for coarse registration. Real camera images (RCI) are processed to mitigate resolution differences with the SCIs. The RCI is downsampled to align with the spatial resolution of the SCIs. Robust features are used to register the RCI to the SCIs. SIFT is used for fine registration between RCIs and SCIs generated from dense point-clouds. Landmark features are used for registration of RCIs to SCIs generated from MMS point-clouds. The edgebox parameters require tuning to detect the same features in two disparate image sets. The fourth layer of AlexNet was found to provide the most ideal feature descriptor for registration between RCIs and SCIs. The approximate location of the RCI using SCIs as interpreters between RCI and MMS point-cloud detect scenes at a precision of 97% when changes are less than 20%, and foliage does not exceed 20% of the camera image. This novel application of landmark features aligns with camera-to-camera place recognition precision. The focal length and IOPs do not influence the precision of the registration because the registration precision does not change when different cameras capture the real images.
The role of lepton flavor symmetries in leptogenesis
Creators: name: Sierra, D. Aristizabal
name: Varzielas, I. de Medeiros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of flavor symmetries in the lepton sector may have several consequences for the generation of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe via leptogenesis. We review the mechanism in general type-I, type-II and type-III seesaw models. We then turn to the discussion of the cases when the asymmetry is generated in the context of seesaw models extended with flavor symmetries, before or after flavor symmetry breaking. Finally we explain how the interplay between type-I and type-II seesaws can (or not) lead to viable models for leptogenesis even when there is an exact mixing pattern enforced by the flavor symmetry.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures; version 2: references added. Review prepared for the special issue of the journal Fortschritte der Physik (Progress of physics) on "Flavor Symmetries and Neutrino Oscillations"
Cognitive-Executive Processes and Social Adjustment in Survivors of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Creators: name: McDonald, Kaelyn Anjali
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Pediatrics
subject: Psychosocial
subject: Oncology
subject: Cognition
subject: Executive Processes
subject: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
subject: Leukemia
subject: Solid Tumours
subject: Social Adjustment
subject: Late Effects
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Mental Health
subject: Oncology
subject: Psychology--Cognitive
subject: Psychology--Social

description: Background: Survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have historically faced serious neurological and social difficulties as a consequence of their treatment with cranial radiation therapy (CRT). However, such difficulties are poorly understood among survivors treated with modern chemotherapy-only protocols. This study aimed to investigate cognitive-executive functioning and social adjustment, as well as factors relating to these outcomes, in this new wave of survivors as compared to survivors of pediatric non-central nervous system (CNS) solid tumours and healthy children. Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed survivors aged 8-17 and their caregivers at least two years after finishing treatment. Survivors of pediatric ALL (n=25) and non-CNS solid tumours (n=18) were recruited to the current study, and healthy children (n=33) were included from a previous study. Cognitive-executive outcome measures included the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Fifth Edition (WISC-V) Working Memory Index (WMI) and Processing Speed Index (PSI), and social adjustment was measured through the Adaptive Behaviors Assessment System Third Edition (ABAS-3) Social Adaptive Domain. Group comparisons were made using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tests, and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to explore potential predictors of these outcomes. Results: Survivors of pediatric ALL scored significantly worse than healthy children on the WMI (ANOVA post hoc p<.001) and a subscale of the Social Adaptive Domain (ANOVA post hoc p=.002). Survivors of pediatric non-CNS solid tumours scored significantly worse than healthy children on the WMI (ANOVA post hoc p=.028) and PSI (ANOVA post hoc p<.001). No significant differences were observed between the two survivor groups. WMI and PSI scores did not significantly predict Social Adaptive Domain scores. Conclusions: These findings highlight difficulties faced by both survivors of pediatric ALL and non-CNS solid tumours which have the potential to cause substantial, ongoing negative impacts on their lives. Future research should investigate the underlying causes of these difficulties in order to inform screening and intervention protocols aimed at improving these children’s quality of life.
Deciphering the role of miRNA in reprogramming plant responses to drought stress
Creators: name: Singh, Archana
name: Jain, Deepti
name: Pandey, Jyotsna
name: Yadav, Manisha
name: Bansal, Kailash C.
name: Singh, Indrakant K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Drought is the most prevalent environmental stress that affects plants’ growth, development, and crop productivity. However, plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms to respond to the harmful effects of drought. They reprogram their: transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome that alter their cellular and physiological processes and establish cellular homeostasis. One of the crucial regulatory processes that govern this reprogramming is post-transcriptional regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs, involved in the downregulation of the target mRNA via translation inhibition/mRNA degradation/miRNA-mediated mRNA decay/ribosome drop off/DNA methylation. Many drought-inducible miRNAs have been identified and characterized in plants. Their main targets are regulatory genes that influence growth, development, osmotic stress tolerance, antioxidant defense, phytohormone-mediated signaling, and delayed senescence during drought stress. Overexpression of drought-responsive miRNAs (Osa-miR535, miR160, miR408, Osa-miR393, Osa-miR319, and Gma-miR394) in certain plants has led to tolerance against drought stress indicating their vital role in stress mitigation. Similarly, knock down (miR166/miR398c) or deletion (miR169 and miR827) of miRNAs has also resulted in tolerance to drought stress. Likewise, engineered Arabidopsis plants with miR165, miR166 using short tandem target mimic strategy, exhibited drought tolerance. Since miRNAs regulate the expression of an array of drought-responsive genes, they can act as prospective targets for genetic manipulations to enhance drought tolerance in crops and achieve sustainable agriculture. Further investigations toward functional characterization of diverse miRNAs, and understanding stress-responses regulated by these miRNAs and their utilization in biotechnological applications is highly recommended.
Additional file 7 of A novel gene expression signature-based on B-cell proportion to predict prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Zhang, Yi
name: Yin, Xuewen
name: Wang, Qi
name: Song, Xuming
name: Xia, Wenjie
name: Mao, Qixing
name: Chen, Bing
name: Liang, Yingkuan
name: Zhang, Te
name: Xu, Lin
name: Jiang, Feng
name: Xu, Xinyu
name: Dong, Gaochao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 7: Supplementary Table S4. Coefficient of each gene in B lineage-associated risk signature.
title: New Research and Wild Horse and Burro Management
Creators: name: Jenkins, David
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: In the United States, the Wild Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act (WFRHBA) gave the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the U.S. Forest Service the statutory obligation to manage and protect free-roaming equids (i.e., wild horses [Equus ferus] and burros [E. asinus]) on designated management areas on public land. The WFRHBA was intended to ensure that wild horses and burros on the public lands exist in self-sustaining herds in perpetuity, alongside other congressionally mandated, multiple uses of public lands. The BLM recently published a strategic research plan for their wild horse and burro program. The research plan places the highest priority on the development and testing of longer-lasting fertility control methods for wild mares and jennies. The second-highest research priority addresses the need for a better science regarding the relationships between wild horses and burros and their environments, especially related to the effects of drought and climate change. Research in these 2 key priority topics could lead to better outcomes for sustaining wild horses and burros on designated public lands in the western United States.
Studying Network Variants With Electroencephalography
Creators: name: McCarthy, Michael
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Electroencephalography
subject: Functional Connectivity
subject: Network Variants
subject: Individual Differences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Neuroscience

description: Functional MRI (fMRI) studies have shown that the human functional connectome exhibits reliable and substantial variability in organization across individuals, so-called network variants. However, it is unclear whether neuroimaging modalities that measure different aspects of brain function show similar evidence of such individual differences. Here we explored the feasibility of using electroencephalography (EEG) to study network variants using repeated measures eyes-closed and eyes-open resting state data from 14 participants taken across three sessions over the course of three months—estimating how much and in which ways band-limited phase coupling and amplitude coupling functional connectomes differed in similarity within and between individuals across contexts. For each coupling mode and frequency band, we hypothesized that if functional connectome organization was influenced by stable individual- dependent factors in our sample, then functional connectomes would be more similar within than between individuals across all contexts, on average, with smaller variations in similarity related to session or state. Overall, our results were inconclusive. Although we generally found consistently positive differences in functional connectome similarity across coupling modes, frequency bands, and contexts on average—depending on the comparison, these differences were either negligible or at most small, and were inconsistent across participants. We discuss several factors that may explain the differences between our results and the larger, more consistent effects reported in fMRI network variant studies, such as the spatial and temporal resolution of EEG and fMRI, and the methods used to estimate functional connectivity. We then offer suggestions for future EEG research that might address some shortcomings of our study.
Examination of Shallow Structure in Geothermal Sites of Western Canada Using Microtremor Measurements: Mount Meager and Burwash Landing Case Studies
Creators: name: Berumen Borrego, Fernando
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR)
subject: geothermal
subject: Bayesian inversion
subject: Mount Meager
subject: Burwash Landing
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Canada has enormous geothermal potential, a sustainable alternative energy in the form of heat. Despite its significant role in moving Canada closer to net-zero CO2 goals, geothermal resource production faces numerous exploration challenges, notably the risks associated with drilling. However, with the emergence of new technologies, e.g., closed-loop systems and declining costs, geothermal energy is increasingly competing with conventional resources like coal. This thesis investigates the use of the Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method, also known as Nakamura’s method or microtremor HVSR (mHVSR), in two geothermal exploration projects. Commonly referred to as HVSR in the geophysical community, this method analyzes microtremors and is effective in determining seismic structures up to 200 meters deep at Mount Meager and 500 meters at Burwash Landing. HVSR complements other geophysical methods that focus on deeper structures and overcomes the limitations of surface geology. At Mount Meager, British Columbia, HVSR has been instrumental in identifying resonance frequencies and understanding the subsurface structure. It has revealed the variability in the shallow subsurface, aiding in the estimation of volcanic unit thicknesses and expanding upon existing geological and seismic data. This has enhanced the understanding of subsurface geology and associated risks. In Burwash Landing, Yukon Territory, where geothermal energy is crucial for local energy needs, the application of a trans-dimensional Bayesian inversion algorithm on HVSR curves has provided detailed insights into seismic structures. This method has offered accurate estimations of bedrock depth and sediment compaction, refining previous interpretations. Notably, it helped correct overestimated sediment layer thicknesses encountered during a drilling operation in November 2022. The trans-dimensional approach avoids the use of predefined models, quantifies uncertainty, and adds objectivity to interpretations. Overall, these studies highlight the importance of HVSR in geothermal exploration, especially in areas with complex topography and geology. HVSR is crucial for understanding shallow structures, assessing associated hazards, and informing studies on deeper geothermal resources. The findings significantly contribute to the understanding of seismic structures in these regions, with broader implications for global sustainability, energy self-sufficiency, and environmental objectives.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ЗАРУБЕЖНОГО ОПЫТА В УПРАВЛЕНИИ ПЕРСОНАЛОМ
Creators: name: Тухтасинова, Дилдора
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: В системе эффективного хозяйственного введения предприятий, функционирующих в современных условиях, одним из наиболее актуальных является достижение целей на основе максимального использования кадров и персонала, в частности, интеллектуального и физического потенциала их способностей. Высокий уровень социально-экономического развития общества обеспечивается только тогда, когда цели предприятия сочетаются с целями персонала. С этой целью разработаны процедуры, меры, направленные на работу с персоналом на предприятиях в современных условиях это также называется кадровой политикой.
Fault-Sketch: A Framework for Modeling Geological Faults and Displacements
Creators: name: Banaeizadeh, Arya
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: sketch-based modeling
subject: geological faults
subject: geological modeling
subject: geometric modeling
subject: Computer Science
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Geological faults, which result from rock fracturing and displacement in the subsurface, play an important role in shaping the Earth's crust. Modeling fault surfaces and their impact on rock formations is, thus, useful for various geological applications. However, due to the complex configurations of faults, the modeling process can become difficult, requiring a framework with a specialized modeling toolkit. The primary challenge in fault modeling lies in properly correlating the geometry of faults with their effects on rock layers and other fault surfaces during displacement. The final models also have to satisfy certain properties to be reusable for further geological analysis. A factor that even if users who have both modeling and geology expertise cannot guarantee to have. To address this, we have developed a series of operators designed for fault modeling. In this manner, we present Fault-Sketch, a Sketch-Based Interface and Modeling (SBIM) framework that tackles the task of fault modeling and captures their influence on various geological structures. This framework enables the creation of surfaces as a result of rock configurations that have previously been largely overlooked in the existing literature. The collection of operators presented in Fault-Sketch are built upon a data structure fit for the purpose of consistently representing fault surfaces and their boundaries together with the influence they cause both on other surfaces and on the volumes they bound. Moreover, the operators are designed to mimic the geologic processes relevant to fault creation and displacement to facilitate their use by domain experts.
Novel representation and low level computer vision techniques for manifold valued diffusion tensor MRI
Creators: name: Keshava Murthy, Krishna Nand
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) is a powerful non-invasive imaging modality whose processing, analysis and visualization has become a strong focus in medical imaging research. In this modality, the direction of the water diffusion is locally modeled by a Gaussian probability density function whose covariance matrix is a second order 3 X 3 symmetric positive definite matrix, also called the tensor here. The manifold-valued nature of the data as well as its high dimensionality makes the computational analysis of DT images complex. Very often, the data dimensionality is reduced to a single scalar derived from the tensors. Another common approach has been to ignore the restriction to the manifold of symmetric second-order tensors and, instead, treat the data as a multi-valued image. In this thesis, we try to address the above challenges posed by DT data using two different approaches. Our first contribution employs a geometric approach for representing DT data as low dimensional manifold embedded in higher dimensional space and then applying mathematical tools traditionally used in the study of Riemannian geometry for formulating first order and second order differential operators for DT images. Our second contribution is an algebraic one, where the key novel idea is to represent the DT data using the 8 dimensional hypercomplex algebra-biquaternions. This approach enables the processing of DT images in a holistic manner and facilitates the seamless introduction of traditional signal processing methodologies from biquaternion theory such as computing the Fourier transform, convolution, and edge detection for DT images. The preliminary results on synthetic and real DT data show great promise in both our approaches for DT image processing. In particular, we demonstrate greater detection ability of our features over scalar based approaches such as fractional anisotropy and show novel applications of our new biquaternion tools that have not been possible before for DT images.
Additional file 1 of An assessment of the quality of care provided at primary health care centres in camps for internally displaced persons in Iraq in 2018
Creators: name: Khan, Muhammad Fawad
name: Jeannetot, Daniel
name: Olleri, Kamal Sunil
name: Bakker, Mirjam
name: Musani, Altaf Sadrudin
name: Abdel Moneim, Adham Rashad Ismail
name: Hatahit, Wael
name: Zwanikken, Prisca
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Data collection tools: Facility observation, Clinical Observation, Health worker interview, Patient exit interview.
Secure Smart Contract-based Computation (Verifiable computation, Fair two-party protocols, and Resource sharing)
Creators: name: Avizheh, Sepideh
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information security
subject: Cryptography
subject: Blockchain and smart contracts
subject: Verifiable computation
subject: Fair two-party protocols
subject: Resource sharing
subject: Distributed systems security
subject: Computer Science

description: A smart contract is a trusted computer program that runs on the decentralized computer that underlies a blockchain. Smart contracts are part of Web3 technology, the next generation of the Internet, and they enable distributed applications over the Internet. Smart contracts can remove intermediaries in real-world systems and have the promise of revolutionizing industries and processes in healthcare, retail, banking, government, and many more. Because of their trusted execution, smart contracts have been used as a trusted third party/referee in cryptographic protocols. They have also been used to automate processes and seamlessly incorporate cryptocurrency in payments. In this thesis, we consider the application of the smart contract as a trusted (semi-honest) third party/referee in the following problems: verifiable computation using refereed delegation of computation, fair two-party protocols that include fair private set intersection and fair exchange, and resource sharing. We show that the direct replacement of the trusted third party/referee with the smart contract can expose the protocols to new threats and attacks. We model the security of each protocol, analyze the security of the existing ones, propose new protocols that can achieve the required security guarantee in the smart contract setting, provide a proof-of-concept implementation, and evaluate their performance. Our results incorporate both secure smart contract-based cryptographic protocols and systems. We mainly propose formal models and descriptions in the real-world/ideal-world paradigm for the cryptographic protocols. We also look into the privacy in the smart contract setting. The smart contract is transparent and interactions with the smart contract are through public communication channels, thus ensuring the privacy of the parties' input and messages becomes a significant challenge in designing the protocols. We lay the foundations to define and capture privacy for a smart contract and use it to show the privacy of our cryptographic protocols.
Towards a Sociolinguistic Analysis of 'Swearing' and the Language of Abuse in Australian English
Creators: name: Taylor, Brian (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Pacific Linguistics
Year: 1976

description: TOWARDS A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF 'SWEARING' AND THE LANGUAGE OF ABUSE IN AUSTRALIAN ENGLISH. 43 0. Introduction 43 1. Paradigms and Categories of 'S' Language 44 1.1. Subjective Validation of the Categories 45 1.2. Objective Validation of the Categories 46 2. Connotative Content of 'S' Items 46 2.1. Taboo Inherence 46 2.2. 'Vehemence' 47 3. 'S' Items in Speech Events 48 3.1. Selectional Criteria or 'Determinants' of Use 48 3.1.1. Personal Beliefs 48 3.1.2. 'Company' 49 3.1.3. Locale 49 3.1.4. Role 49 3.1.5. Topic 50 3.1.6. Mood and Attitude 50 3.2. Speech Function and 'S' Items 51 3.3. 'S' Items and Indexical Information 54 4. Conclusion 54Notes 58Bibliography 60
title: Cops, a cheating robot, bodyguards and presidents
Creators: name: Kellough, William
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04haebc03
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Pursuit-evasion games are models that mathematicians use to study scenarios in which a group of pursuers are chasing an evader in a fixed environment. The main application for these games is in robotics where the algorithms developed from solving these games are translated into algorithms robots can use to accomplish important tasks. This allows pursuit-evasion games to be useful in a wide range of fields, such as in emergency response to optimize search and rescue missions and in aeronautics to optimize flight paths. Among pursuit-evasion games that are played in discrete environments, the most well studied is the game of Cops and Robber. The pursuers in this model are cops and the evader is a robber. If any of the cops are able to reach the location of the robber, then the cops win. If the robber can indefinitely avoid the cops, then the robber wins. In this thesis, we study a variation of Cops and Robber where the cops and the robber move simultaneously but the robber is given intelligence on how the cops will move throughout the game. The parameter of interest for this game is the fewest number of cops needed to capture this knowledgeable robber on a given playing field. We study this parameter on various playing fields. Studying this parameter on certain playing fields naturally produces a new pursuit-evasion game where the pursuers’ goal is to indefinitely surround the evader. We study this new pursuit-evasion game and show how this game relates to the model with a knowledgeable robber.