cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards a Transatlantic Data Privacy Framework
Creators: name: Celeste, Edoardo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: LawAndTech
subject: DCU
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Technology
subject: Data Protection
subject: Data
subject: Transatlantic
subject: Data Transfer
subject: Data Sharing

description: This blog post discusses the move towards a joint EU-US Data Privacy Framework. While data transfers occur daily, the legislative differences in the treatment of personal data between the EU and US proves to be an issue between the two territories. The proposal of a new Transatlantic Data Privacy Framework would prove key to resolving these issues, however, details on what such a framework would entail are limited. It is noted that the framework is not the first attempt at a Transatlantic privacy framework, and it is unclear at this moment how the scheme will play out in the future. Available at: https://lawandtech.ie/towards-a-transatlantic-data-privacy-framework/
Brunieae Quint & Class.-Bockh
Creators: name: Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine
name: Oliver, Edward G. H.
name: Hall, Anthony V.
name: Quint, Marcus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Bruniales
Bruniaceae

description: Tr. Brunieae Quint & Class.-Bockh., tr. nov., frutices ericoidei velarbusculaeplerumqueinflorescentibusmultis capitatis, stomatis sinemarginecuticulari elevato, antheribus versatilibus sineapice sterili, thecis parallelis. – Type: Brunia Lam. Anthers without a sterile tip, versatile; stomata not surrounded by a cuticular rim.
description: Published as part of Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine, Oliver, Edward G. H., Hall, Anthony V. & Quint, Marcus, 2019, A new classification of the South African endemic family Bruniaceae based on molecular and morphological data, pp. 1138-1155 in TAXON 60 (4) on page 1146, DOI: 10.1002/tax.604016, http://zenodo.org/record/7590433
Le développement de l'IA dans l'éducation. Les enjeux interdisciplinaires
Creators: name: Petit, Laurent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: GTnum HN_education
Intelligence artificielle
Formation des enseignants

description: Les travaux menés au sein du GTnum GIS 2IF "Humanités numériques entre éducation et formation" #HN_éducation ont visé à interroger la pertinence de la notion d'humanités numériques dans un but de clarification, de mutualisation et d’amélioration des apprentissages et à recenser les pratiques d’enseignement dans ce champ. Groupes thématiques numériques de la Direction du numérique pour l’éducation (Ministère de l'Éducation nationale et de la Jeunesse) 2020-2022. Dans ce bulletin de veille, Laurent Petit propose de répondre à la question suivante : comment des enseignants non spécialistes peuvent-ils se former, dans la perspective d’une participation à des projets interdisciplinaires avec d’autres collègues et mettant en jeu l’intelligence artificielle ?
Optimal estimation of recurrence structures from time series
Creators: name: Sellers, Kristin K.
name: Fröhlich, Flavio
name: Hutt, Axel
name: Beim Graben, Peter
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Recurrent temporal dynamics is a phenomenon observed frequently in high-dimensional complex systems and its detection is a challenging task. Recurrence quantification analysis utilizing recurrence plots may extract such dynamics, however it still encounters an unsolved pertinent problem: the optimal selection of distance thresholds for estimating the recurrence structure of dynamical systems. The present work proposes a stochastic Markov model for the recurrent dynamics that allows for the analytical derivation of a criterion for the optimal distance threshold. The goodness of fit is assessed by a utility function which assumes a local maximum for that threshold reflecting the optimal estimate of the system's recurrence structure. We validate our approach by means of the nonlinear Lorenz system and its linearized stochastic surrogates. The final application to neurophysiological time series obtained from anesthetized animals illustrates the method and reveals novel dynamic features of the underlying system. We propose the number of optimal recurrence domains as a statistic for classifying an animals' state of consciousness.
title: Acute pulmonary embolism due to hydatic cysts
Creators: name: Attia, Monia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Lung

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Hydatidosis is a parasitic infestation caused by Echinococcus granulosus’s larva. It can be seen worldwide but it is more prevalent in the Mediterranean region [1]. Human infection is caused by contaminated food or by direct contact with infected...
Universal contact-line dynamics at the nanoscale
Creators: name: Rivetti, Marco
name: Salez, Thomas
name: Benzaquen, Michael
name: Raphaël, Elie
name: Bäumchen, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relaxation dynamics of the contact angle between a viscous liquid and a smooth substrate is studied at the nanoscale. Through atomic force microscopy measurements of polystyrene nanostripes we monitor simultaneously the temporal evolution of the liquid-air interface as well as the position of the contact line. The initial configuration exhibits high curvature gradients and a non-equilibrium contact angle that drive liquid flow. Both these conditions are relaxed to achieve the final state, leading to three successive regimes along time: i) stationary-contact-line levelling; ii) receding-contact-line dewetting; iii) collapse of the two fronts. For the first regime, we reveal the existence of a self-similar evolution of the liquid interface, which is in excellent agreement with numerical calculations from a lubrication model. For different liquid viscosities and film thicknesses we provide evidence for a transition to dewetting featuring a universal critical contact angle and dimensionless time.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
title: Spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage: where’s the culprit?
Creators: name: Armas Goncalves, Monica
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Emergency
subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Haemorrhage

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the most common causes of spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage (non-traumatic/non-iatrogenic), focusing on retroperitoneum fascial anatomy. Describe the imaging findings that can provide clues to establish a correct diagnosis and track...
Données d'apprentissage et données élèves
Creators: name: Bruillard, Eric
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: GTnum HN_education
Données d'apprentissage
Gestion des données des élèves

description: Les travaux menés au sein du GTnum GIS 2IF "Humanités numériques entre éducation et formation" #HN_éducation ont visé à interroger la pertinence de la notion d'humanités numériques dans un but de clarification, de mutualisation et d’amélioration des apprentissages et à recenser les pratiques d’enseignement dans ce champ. Groupes thématiques numériques de la Direction du numérique pour l’éducation (Ministère de l'Éducation nationale et de la Jeunesse) 2020-2022. Dans ce bulletin de veille, Eric Bruillard propose des réflexions sur la question de la collecte et du traitement des données d'apprentissage des élèves : sur l'organisation de ces traitements, leurs finalités et les enjeux en termes de formation des enseignants à la gestion des données des élèves.
Meaningful Effect Sizes, Intraclass Correlations, and Proportions of Variance Explained by Covariates for Planning Two- and Three-Level Cluster Randomized Trials of Social and Behavioral Outcomes
Creators: name: Reinke, Wendy M.
name: Herman, Keith C.
name: Dong, Nianbo
name: Murray, Desiree W.
name: Bradshaw, Catherine P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: BACKGROUND: There is a need for greater guidance regarding design parameters and empirical benchmarks for social and behavioral outcomes to inform assumptions in the design and interpretation of cluster randomized trials (CRTs).

OBJECTIVES: We calculated the empirical reference values on critical research design parameters associated with statistical power for children's social and behavioral outcomes, including effect sizes, intraclass correlations (ICCs), and proportions of variance explained by a covariate at different levels (R 2).

SUBJECTS: Children from kindergarten to Grade 5 in the samples from four large CRTs evaluating the effectiveness of two classroom- and two school-level preventive interventions.

MEASURES: Teacher ratings of students' social and behavioral outcomes using the Teacher Observation of Classroom Adaptation-Checklist and the Social Competence Scale-Teacher.

RESEARCH DESIGN: Two types of effect size benchmarks were calculated: (1) normative expectations for change and (2) policy-relevant demographic performance gaps. The ICCs and R 2 were calculated using two-level hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), where students are nested within schools, and three-level HLM, where students were nested within classrooms, and classrooms were nested within schools.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Comprehensive tables of benchmarks and ICC values are provided to inform prevention researchers in interpreting the effect size of interventions and conduct power analyses for designing CRTs of children's social and behavioral outcomes. The discussion also provides a demonstration for how to use the parameter reference values provided in this article to calculate the sample size for two- and three-level CRTs designs.
title: Utilisation of CT Imaging in Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)
Creators: name: Sharma, Naveen
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Catheters
subject: Acute

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. To understand the principles behind use of ECMO (Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation) in treatment of patients with acute respiratory and cardiac failure. 2. To be familiar with different CT protocols in imaging of ECMO patients and the rationale...
Measurement of $α$-particle quenching in LAB based scintillator in independent small-scale experiments
Creators: name: von Krosigk, B.
name: Chen, M.
name: Hans, S.
name: Junghans, A. R.
name: Kögler, T.
name: Kraus, C.
name: Kuckert, L.
name: Liu, X.
name: Nolte, R.
name: O'Keeffe, H. M.
name: Tseung, H. S. Wan Chan
name: Wilson, J. R.
name: Wright, A.
name: Yeh, M.
name: Zuber, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $α$-particle light response of liquid scintillators based on linear alkylbenzene (LAB) has been measured with three different experimental approaches. In the first approach, $α$-particles were produced in the scintillator via $^{12}$C($n$,$α$)$^9$Be reactions. In the second approach, the scintillator was loaded with 2% of $^{\mathrm{nat}}$Sm providing an $α$-emitter, $^{147}$Sm, as an internal source. In the third approach, a scintillator flask was deployed into the water-filled SNO+ detector and the radioactive contaminants $^{222}$Rn, $^{218}$Po and $^{214}$Po provided the $α$-particle signal. The behavior of the observed $α$-particle light outputs are in agreement with each case successfully described by Birks' law. The resulting Birks parameter $kB$ ranges from $(0.0066\pm0.0016)$ cm/MeV to $(0.0076\pm0.0003)$ cm/MeV. In the first approach, the $α$-particle light response was measured simultaneously with the light response of recoil protons produced via neutron-proton elastic scattering. This enabled a first time a direct comparison of $kB$ describing the proton and the $α$-particle response of LAB based scintillator. The observed $kB$ values describing the two light response functions deviate by more than $5σ$. The presented results are valuable for all current and future detectors, using LAB based scintillator as target, since they depend on an accurate knowledge of the scintillator response to different particles.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables
Citizen's Perception of the Willingness to Pay for Private Forest Certification in Kenya
Creators: name: Yeom, Chunho
name: Chisika, Sylvester Ngome
Publisher: name: Visions for Sustainability
Year: 2022

description: The desire for responsibly managed private forests through certification is steadily growing around the globe. However, there is limited information on citizens’ willingness to accept or pay for private forest management certification in the process of sustainable development. This study used literature review and online survey questionnaires administered in a workshop set up targeting those with and without private forests to address this question. Results from Kenya substantiate that private forestry can contribute to sustainable socio-economic development and as such the sector is steadily growing. To augment this growth, the country has developed supportive policies and legislation for forest certification which provide opportunities for the participation of a wide range of stakeholders. Already, some Private Sector Enterprises have received Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) Chain of Custody (CoC) certification mostly in the packaging industry. In addition, an interim FSC standard was launched by the government of Kenya in the year 2022. Various state agencies are already conducting piloting and field testing of certification. Kenya Forest Service (KFS) is conducting field testing of the FSC Interim Standard within public forests. Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service (KEPHIS) has certified over 250 nurseries across the country. Kenya Forestry Research Institute has developed the Tree Nursery Certification Protocol, 2021 as a practical guide for tree nursery certifiers. This unwavering government support for forest certification may have contributed to the high level of willingness to pay or accept private forest certification among the study respondents who were already consuming certified products. However, certification faces a number of challenges, including; lack of regulations for operationalizing the private forest development incentives outlined in the Forest Conservation and Management Act, 2016 and lack of county forestry programmes. Thus, this study recommends the need for increased education and awareness on private forest management certification and conducting more studies on the type and market share of certified products from private forest that are consumed in the country and the speedy formulation of regulations for operationalizing incentives for private forestry development.
description: Visions for Sustainability, No 18 (2022) - More Visions online
Education aux données et didactique de l'informatique
Creators: name: Dort-Delange, Béatrice
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: GTnum HN_education
Education aux données
Didactique de l'informatique

description: Les travaux menés au sein du GTnum GIS 2IF "Humanités numériques entre éducation et formation" #HN_éducation ont visé à interroger la pertinence de la notion d'humanités numériques dans un but de clarification, de mutualisation et d’amélioration des apprentissages et à recenser les pratiques d’enseignement dans ce champ. Groupes thématiques numériques de la Direction du numérique pour l’éducation (Ministère de l'Éducation nationale et de la Jeunesse) 2020-2022. Dans ce bulletin de veille, Béatrice Drot-Delange propose une réflexion sur les activités menées à l'égard de l'éducation aux données, dans l'enseignement secondaire et les enjeux pour des didacticiens de l'informatique.
The evolution of postpairing male mate choice: POSTPAIRING MALE MATE CHOICE
Creators: name: Servedio, Maria R.
name: Lloyd, Huw
name: Sun, Yue-Hua
name: Lyu, Nan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: An increasing number of empirical studies in animals have demonstrated male mate choice. However, little is known about the evolution of postpairing male choice, specifically which occurs by differential allocation of male parental care in response to female signals. We use a population genetic model to examine whether such postpairing male mate choice can evolve when males face a trade‐off between parental care and extra‐pair copulations (EPCs). Specifically, we assume that males allocate more effort to providing parental care when mated to preferred (signaling) females, but they are then unable to allocate additional effort to seek EPCs. We find that both male preference and female signaling can evolve in this situation, under certain conditions. First, this evolution requires a relatively large difference in parental investment between males mated to preferred versus nonpreferred females. Second, whether male choice and female signaling alleles become fixed in a population versus cycle in their frequencies depends on the additional fecundity benefits from EPCs that are gained by choosy males. Third, less costly female signals enable both signaling and choice alleles to evolve under more relaxed conditions. Our results also provide a new insight into the evolution of sexual conflict over parental care.
Staavia Dahl, Observ. Bot.
Creators: name: Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine
name: Oliver, Edward G. H.
name: Hall, Anthony V.
name: Quint, Marcus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Bruniales
Bruniaceae
Staavia

description: 4. Staavia Dahl, Observ. Bot.: 15. 1787; PillansinJ. S. African Bot. 13: 169. 1947 – Type: Staavia radiata (L.) Dahl. = Raspalia Brongn. in Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 8: 377, t. 37, fig. 1. 1826 p.p. quoad R. staavioides Pillans. Growth form: Erect, ericoidundershrubswithclear sympodial branching pattern, lignotubers present (S. comosa, S. dregeana, S. radiata) or absent (remaining species). Leaves: erectspreading, imbricate, petiolate, amphistomatic; stipules present. Inflorescences: determinate heads with basipetal flower sequence, always terminal on main axis of sympodial shoot (except S. verticillata), often enriched by lateral inflorescences, in S. zeyheri with 8–11 inflorescences densely aggregated in compound cluster; uppermost leaves forming an involucre, straw-like and very showy (white) in some species (S. dodii, S. glutinosa), contrasting with black centreof inflorescence caused by densely aggregated flowers. Flowers: cup-shaped with copious nectar, attracting beetles and flies; each of lateral flowers subtended by 1 bract and 2 bracteoles. Petals: white, usually with pale pink stains and swollen homogeneous petal bulge. Scent: occasionally present, strong honey-like (S. comosa, S. radiata). Stamens: shorter than petals; anthers ovate to oblong, thecae parallel, versatile. Pollen: 3- to 6-colporate, foveolate. Ovary: (half-)inferior, 2-locular, with 1 ovule per locule. Styles: 2, fused, included. Fruit: 1- or 2-seeded, dry, dehiscent; seed nutlike, with cup-shaped aril. 2 n = ca. 44, 46 (up to 88 in S. radiata). Habitat: dry (S. comosa, S. dodii, S. radiata), marshy (S. brownii, S. verticillata, S. zeyheri), or mountainous areaswith moisture-bearingclouds (S. glutinosa, S. dregeana), 0–1200 m. Flowering time: allyearround (S. radiata), May–August (S. brownii, S. zeyheri), or September–November (remaining species). Species: 11 spp., concentrated in south-western region of Western Cape, extending eastwardsto Riversdale and northwards to Nieuwoudtville in Northern Cape.
description: Published as part of Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine, Oliver, Edward G. H., Hall, Anthony V. & Quint, Marcus, 2019, A new classification of the South African endemic family Bruniaceae based on molecular and morphological data, pp. 1138-1155 in TAXON 60 (4) on page 1146, DOI: 10.1002/tax.604016, http://zenodo.org/record/7590433
No evidence for activity correlations in the radial velocities of Kapteyn's star
Creators: name: Anglada-Escudé, Guillem
name: Tuomi, Mikko
name: Arriagada, Pamela
name: Zechmeister, Mathias
name: Jenkins, James S.
name: Ofir, Aviv
name: Dreizler, Stefan
name: Gerlach, Enrico
name: Marvin, Chistopher J.
name: Reiners, Ansgar
name: Jeffers, Sandra V.
name: Butler, Paul
name: Vogt, Steven S.
name: Amado, Pedro J.
name: Rodríguez-López, Cristina
name: Berdiñas, Zaira M.
name: Morin, Julien
name: Crane, Jeffrey D.
name: Shectman, Stephen A.
name: Díaz, Matías
name: Sarmiento, Luis F.
name: Jones, Hugh R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar activity may induce Doppler variability at the level of a few m/s which can then be confused by the Doppler signal of an exoplanet orbiting the star. To first order, linear correlations between radial velocity measurements and activity indices have been proposed to account for any such correlation. The likely presence of two super-Earths orbiting Kapteyn's star was reported in Anglada et al. (2014, MNRAS 443L, 89A), but this claim was recently challenged by Robertson et al. (2015, ApJ 805L, 22R) arguing evidence of a rotation period (143 days) at three times the orbital period of one of the proposed planets (Kapteyn's b, P=48.6 days), and the existence of strong linear correlations between its Doppler signal and activity data. By re-analyzing the data using global optimization methods and model comparison, we show that such claim is incorrect given that; 1) the choice of a rotation period at 143 days is unjustified, and 2) the presence of linear correlations is not supported by the data. We conclude that the radial velocity signals of Kapteyn's star remain more simply explained by the presence of two super-Earth candidates orbiting it. We also advocate for the use of global optimization procedures and objective arguments, instead of claims lacking of a minimal statistical support.
description: Two column, 7 pages, 3 Figures, 1 table. Submitted to ApJ in response to http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015ApJ...805L..22R
Humanités numériques en éducation : Vers de nouvelles littératies
Creators: name: Baron, Georges-Louis
name: Drot-Delange, Béatrice
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: GTnum HN_education
Humanités numériques
Education à la citoyenneté
Education aux données

description: Les travaux menés au sein du GTnum GIS 2IF "Humanités numériques entre éducation et formation" #HN_éducation ont visé à interroger la pertinence de la notion d'humanités numériques dans un but de clarification, de mutualisation et d’amélioration des apprentissages et à recenser les pratiques d’enseignement dans ce champ. Groupes thématiques numériques de la Direction du numérique pour l’éducation (Ministère de l'Éducation nationale et de la Jeunesse) 2020-2022. Dans ce bulletin de veille, Georges-Louis Baron et Béatrice Drot-Delange apportent des réflexions sur les enjeux relevant de l'éducation à la citoyenneté et de l'éducation aux données pour penser notamment l'évolution des pratiques des enseignants à l'égard de l'utilisation des technologies.
Generalized trace distance measure connecting quantum and classical non-Markovianity
Creators: name: Wißmann, Steffen
name: Vacchini, Bassano
name: Breuer, Heinz-Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a direct connection of quantum Markovianity of an open quantum system to its classical counterpart by generalizing the criterion based on the information flow. Here, the flow is characterized by the time evolution of Helstrom matrices, given by the weighted difference of statistical operators, under the action of the quantum dynamical evolution. It turns out that the introduced criterion is equivalent to P-divisibility of a quantum process, namely divisibility in terms of positive maps, which provides a direct connection to classical Markovian stochastic processes. Moreover, it is shown that similar mathematical representations as those found for the original trace distance based measure hold true for the associated, generalized measure for quantum non-Markovianity. That is, we prove orthogonality of optimal states showing a maximal information backflow and establish a local and universal representation of the measure. We illustrate some properties of the generalized criterion by means of examples.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Innover pour mieux desservir - Les gestionnaires de petits réseaux AEP en Afrique
Creators: name: Bernard, Collignon
name: Valfrey Bruno
name: Chaponnière Emmanuel
name: Schaub-Jones David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: water network - local private entrepreneur - Africa - urban water supply

description: Les petits opérateurs indépendants sont les individus ou les petites et moyennes entreprises (souvent informelles) qui offrent un service complémentaire ou alternatif à celui de l’opérateur « dominant » comme par exemple l’entreprise nationale de distribution d’eau en milieu urbain ou l’Etat dans le cas du milieu rural. Les opérateurs indépendants contribuent de manière significative à l’amélioration de la couverture des services d’eau potable et d’assainissement dans les périphéries des grandes villes aussi bien que dans les petites villes, voire même en milieu rural. Malgré ce rôle très positif indéniable, ils sont souvent relégués dans le secteur informel et rencontrent des contraintes très fortes, particulièrement leur position incertaine dans le cadre institutionnel, le manque de sécurité de leurs investissements et les difficultés d’accès au crédit bancaire. Le présent document constitue la synthèse de trois études menées en Afrique de l’Ouest, qui ont toutes concerné des opérateurs ayant investi dans la construction et l’extension de réseaux de distribution. Au-delà des enseignements de la recherche, il propose une réflexion sur la façon dont les opérateurs peuvent être intégrés dans le montage des projets d’eau et d’assainissement. Small independent water operators are individuals or small and medium-sized enterprises (often informal) that offer a complementary or alternative service to that of the "dominant" operator, such as the national urban water company or the State itself in the case of rural areas. Independent operators provide a significant contribution to the coverage of water and sanitation services in low-income areas (at the outskirts of large cities as well as in small towns and even in rural areas). Despite this very positive social impact, they are almost often relegated to the informal sector and face serious constraints, such as their unclear position in the institutional framework, the high investment risk and the difficult access to bank credit. This document is a synthesis of three studies completed in West Africa, all of which involved operators who had invested in the construction and extension of distribution networks. Beyond the lessons of the research, it proposes a reflection on how independent operators can be integrated in the design of water and sanitation projects.
Geography, assortative mating, and the effects of sexual selection on speciation with gene flow
Creators: name: Servedio, Maria R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: AbstractTheoretical and empirical research on the evolution of reproductive isolation have both indicated that the effects of sexual selection on speciation with gene flow are quite complex. As part of this special issue on the contributions of women to basic and applied evolutionary biology, I discuss my work on this question in the context of a broader assessment of the patterns of sexual selection that lead to, versus inhibit, the speciation process, as derived from theoretical research. In particular, I focus on how two factors, the geographic context of speciation and the mechanism leading to assortative mating, interact to alter the effect that sexual selection through mate choice has on speciation. I concentrate on two geographic contexts: sympatry and secondary contact between two geographically separated populations that are exchanging migrants and two mechanisms of assortative mating: phenotype matching and separate preferences and traits. I show that both of these factors must be considered for the effects of sexual selection on speciation to be inferred.
Enhanced gauge symmetry and winding modes in Double Field Theory
Creators: name: Aldazabal, G.
name: Graña, M.
name: Iguri, S.
name: Mayo, M.
name: Nuñez, C.
name: Rosabal, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an explicit example of how the string winding modes can be incorporated in double field theory. Our guiding case is the closed bosonic string compactified on a circle of radius close to the self-dual point, where some modes with non-zero winding or discrete momentum number become massless and enhance the $U(1) \times U(1)$ symmetry to $SU(2) \times SU(2)$. We compute three-point string scattering amplitudes of massless and slightly massive states, and extract the corresponding effective low energy gauge field theory. The enhanced gauge symmetry at the self-dual point and the Higgs-like mechanism arising when changing the compactification radius are examined in detail. The extra massless fields associated to the enhancement are incorporated into a generalized frame with $\frac{O(d+3,d+3)}{O(d+3)\times O(d+3)}$ structure, where $d$ is the number of non-compact dimensions. We devise a consistent double field theory action that reproduces the low energy string effective action with enhanced gauge symmetry. The construction requires a truly non-geometric frame which explicitly depends on both the compact coordinate along the circle and its dual.
description: 45 pages. v2: minor edits
Caustic structures in the spectrum of x-ray Compton scattering off electrons driven by a short intense laser pulse
Creators: name: Seipt, D.
name: Surzhykov, A.
name: Fritzsche, S.
name: Kampfer, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Compton scattering of x-rays off electrons that are driven by a relativistically intense short optical laser pulse. The frequency spectrum of the laser-assisted Compton radiation shows a broad plateau in the vicinity of the laser-free Compton line due to a nonlinear mixing between x-ray and laser photons. Special emphasis is placed on how the shape of the short assisting laser pulse affects the spectrum of the scattered x-rays. In particular, we observe sharp peak structures in the plateau region, whose number and locations are highly sensitive to the laser pulse shape. These structures are interpreted as spectral caustics by using a semiclassical analysis of the laser-assisted QED matrix element.
Staavia brownii Dummer
Creators: name: Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine
name: Oliver, Edward G. H.
name: Hall, Anthony V.
name: Quint, Marcus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Bruniales
Bruniaceae
Staavia
Staavia brownii

description: Staavia brownii Dümmer in J. Bot. 50, suppl. 2: 28. 1912; Pillansin J. S. African Bot. 13: 177. 1947 – Lectotype (designated here by Oliver): Cape, HBL [? = Hort. Bot. Liverpool] (K-75821).
description: Published as part of Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine, Oliver, Edward G. H., Hall, Anthony V. & Quint, Marcus, 2019, A new classification of the South African endemic family Bruniaceae based on molecular and morphological data, pp. 1138-1155 in TAXON 60 (4) on page 1146, DOI: 10.1002/tax.604016, http://zenodo.org/record/7590433
Follistatin N terminus differentially regulates muscle size and fat in vivo
Creators: name: Xiao, Xiao
name: Qiao, Chunping
name: Li, Juan
name: Zheng, Hui
name: Zhao, Chunxia
name: Tang, Ruhang
name: Dai, Yi
name: Bulaklak, Karen
name: Li, Jianbin
name: Huang, Zhenhua
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Delivery of follistatin (FST) represents a promising strategy for both muscular dystrophies and diabetes, as FST is a robust antagonist of myostatin and activin, which are critical regulators of skeletal muscle and adipose tissues. FST is a multi-domain protein, and deciphering the function of different domains will facilitate novel designs for FST-based therapy. Our study aims to investigate the role of the N-terminal domain (ND) of FST in regulating muscle and fat mass in vivo. Different FST constructs were created and packaged into the adeno-associated viral vector (AAV). Overexpression of wild-type FST in normal mice greatly increased muscle mass while decreasing fat accumulation, whereas overexpression of an N terminus mutant or N terminus-deleted FST had no effect on muscle mass but moderately decreased fat mass. In contrast, FST-I-I containing the complete N terminus and double domain I without domain II and III had no effect on fat but increased skeletal muscle mass. The effects of different constructs on differentiated C2C12 myotubes were consistent with the in vivo finding. We hypothesized that ND was critical for myostatin blockade, mediating the increase in muscle mass, and was less pivotal for activin binding, which accounts for the decrease in the fat tissue. An in vitro TGF-beta1-responsive reporter assay revealed that FST-I-I and N terminus-mutated or -deleted FST showed differential responses to blockade of activin and myostatin. Our study provided direct in vivo evidence for a role of the ND of FST, shedding light on future potential molecular designs for FST-based gene therapy.
title: Pre-operative evaluation of breast cancer by contrast enhanced digital mammography
Creators: name: Tawfik, Sara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Surgery
subject: Cancer

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Breast cancer remains the second leading cause of deaths among women in 2015, according to the National Cancer Institute, Deaths were highest among women who were not screened regularly and had their cancers found at later stage. Mammography is not...
Platelet-mimetic strategies for modulating the wound environment and inflammatory responses
Creators: name: Nandi, Seema
name: Brown, Ashley C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Platelets closely interface with the immune system to fight pathogens, target wound sites, and regulate tissue repair. Natural platelet levels within the body can be depleted for a variety of reasons, including excessive bleeding following traumatic injury, or diseases such as cancer and bacterial or viral infections. Platelet transfusions are commonly used to improve platelet count and hemostatic function in these cases, but transfusions can be complicated by the contamination risks and short storage life of donated platelets. Lyophilized platelets that can be freeze-dried and stored for longer periods of time and synthetic platelet-mimetic technologies that can enhance or replace the functions of natural platelets, while minimizing adverse immune responses have been explored as alternatives to transfusion. Synthetic platelets typically comprise nanoparticles surface-decorated with peptides or ligands to recreate specific biological characteristics of platelets, including targeting of wound and disease sites and facilitating platelet aggregation. Recent efforts in synthetic platelet design have additionally focused on matching platelet shape and mechanics to recreate the marginalization and clot contraction capabilities of natural platelets. The ability to specifically tune the properties of synthetic platelet-mimetic materials has shown utility in a variety of applications including hemostasis, drug delivery, and targeted delivery of cancer therapeutics.
Comments on the paper: Crystal growth and comparison of vibrational and thermal properties of semi-organic nonlinear optical materials
Creators: name: Srinivasan, Bikshandarkoil R
name: Fernandes, Royle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gunasekaran et al (Pramana J. Phys. 75 683-690 (2010)) report to have grown the nonlinear optical crystals urea thiourea mercuric chloride (UTHC) and urea thiourea mercuric sulphate (UTHS). We argue that UTHC and UTHS are dubious crystals and are not what the authors propose.
description: 2 pages
title: Assessment of the diagnostic accuracy of double inversion recovery sequence in comparison with FLAIR and T2W_TSE in detection of brain multiple sclerosis plaques
Creators: name: Abidi, Zahra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR
subject: CNS

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: The purpose of our study was to find out the diagnostic accuracy of Double Inversion Recovery sequence compared to FLAIR and T2W_TSE in detection of brain MS plaques. This concept in the past, that MS just attack white matter(WM) or was known as a...
Focal adhesions, stress fibers and mechanical tension
Creators: name: Guilluy, Christophe
name: Burridge, Keith
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Stress fibers and focal adhesions are complex protein arrays that produce, transmit and sense mechanical tension. Evidence accumulated over many years led to the conclusion that mechanical tension generated within stress fibers contributes to the assembly of both stress fibers themselves and their associated focal adhesions. However, several lines of evidence have recently been presented against this model. Here we discuss the evidence for and against the role of mechanical tension in driving the assembly of these structures. We also consider how their assembly is influenced by the rigidity of the substratum to which cells are adhering. Finally, we discuss the recently identified connections between stress fibers and the nucleus, and the roles that these may play, both in cell migration and regulating nuclear function.
Detection of two power-law tails in the probability distribution functions of massive GMCs
Creators: name: Schneider, N.
name: Bontemps, S.
name: Girichidis, P.
name: Rayner, T.
name: Motte, F.
name: Andre, P.
name: Russeil, D.
name: Abergel, A.
name: Anderson, L.
name: Arzoumanian, D.
name: Benedettini, M.
name: Csengeri, T.
name: Didelon, P.
name: Francesco, J. D.
name: Griffin, M.
name: Hill, T.
name: Klessen, R. S.
name: Ossenkopf, V.
name: Pezzuto, S.
name: Rivera-Ingraham, A.
name: Spinoglio, L.
name: Tremblin, P.
name: Zavagno, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the novel detection of complex high-column density tails in the probability distribution functions (PDFs) for three high-mass star-forming regions (CepOB3, MonR2, NGC6334), obtained from dust emission observed with Herschel. The low column density range can be fit with a lognormal distribution. A first power-law tail starts above an extinction (Av) of ~6-14. It has a slope of alpha=1.3-2 for the rho~r^-alpha profile for an equivalent density distribution (spherical or cylindrical geometry), and is thus consistent with free-fall gravitational collapse. Above Av~40, 60, and 140, we detect an excess that can be fitted by a flatter power law tail with alpha>2. It correlates with the central regions of the cloud (ridges/hubs) of size ~1 pc and densities above 10^4 cm^-3. This excess may be caused by physical processes that slow down collapse and reduce the flow of mass towards higher densities. Possible are: 1. rotation, which introduces an angular momentum barrier, 2. increasing optical depth and weaker cooling, 3. magnetic fields, 4. geometrical effects, and 5. protostellar feedback. The excess/second power-law tail is closely linked to high-mass star-formation though it does not imply a universal column density threshold for the formation of (high-mass) stars.
description: MNRAS Letters, accepted 20.7.2015, in press
Differential response and withdrawal profile of glucocorticoid-treated human trabecular meshwork cells
Creators: name: Stamer, W. Daniel
name: Dismuke, W. Michael
name: Li, Guorong
name: Woodward, David F.
name: Perkumas, Kristin
name: Cui, Gang
name: Navarro, Iris
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The goal of the study was to examine secreted protein response and withdrawal profiles from cultured human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells following short- and long-term glucocorticoid treatment. Primary cultures of five human HTM cell strains isolated from 5 different individual donor eyes were tested. Confluent HTM cells were differentiated in culture media containing 1% FBS for at least one week, and then treated with Dexamethasone (Dex, 100 nM) 3 times/week for 1 or 4 weeks. Cell culture supernatant was collected 3 times per week for 8 weeks. Secretion profiles of myocilin (MYOC), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) and fibronectin (FN) were determined by Western blot analysis and MMP2 activity by zymography. Dex treatment reduced MMP2 expression and activity, returning to normal levels shortly after Dex withdrawal in 5 HTM cell strains. All five cell strains significantly upregulated MYOC in response to Dex treatment by an average of 17-fold, but recovery to basal levels after Dex withdrawal took vastly different periods of time depending on cell strain and treatment duration. Dex treatment significantly increased FN secretion in all strains but one, which decreased FN secretion in the presence of Dex. Interestingly, secretion of FN and MYOC negatively correlated during a 4 week recovery period following 4 weeks of Dex treatment. Taken together, the time course and magnitude of response and recovery for three different secreted, extracellular matrix-associated proteins varied greatly between HTM cell strains, which may underlie susceptibility to glucocorticoid-induced ocular hypertension.
Staavia capitella Sond.
Creators: name: Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine
name: Oliver, Edward G. H.
name: Hall, Anthony V.
name: Quint, Marcus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Bruniales
Bruniaceae
Staavia
Staavia capitella

description: Staavia capitella (Thunb.) Sond. in Harvey & Sonder, Fl. Cap. 2: 323. 1862 ≡ Brunia capitella Thunb., Brunia: 5. 1804 – Type: e Cap. b. spei, sinecoll. [= Thunberg] (UPS-sheet 5735, holo – microfiche!). = Staavia comosa sensu Pillans in J. S. African Bot. 13: 174 (1947) non (Thunb.) Colozza (= Berzelia lanuginosa).
description: Published as part of Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine, Oliver, Edward G. H., Hall, Anthony V. & Quint, Marcus, 2019, A new classification of the South African endemic family Bruniaceae based on molecular and morphological data, pp. 1138-1155 in TAXON 60 (4) on page 1147, DOI: 10.1002/tax.604016, http://zenodo.org/record/7590433
Geology of the Central and Southern Silver Island Mountains Tooele County, Utah and Elko County, Nevada
Creators: name: Schaeffer, Jr. Frederick Ernst
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012

description: The Silver Island Mountains are a northeast-trending range extending from six miles west of the Utah-Nevada border near Wendover, to about 32 miles northeast of Wendover, Utah, (see fig. 1) The range is in the northeast part of the Basin and Range Province and is a part of the Great Salt Lake Desert. The Silver Island Mountains are situated in western Tooele and southwestern Box Elder Counties, Utah, and in eastern Elko County, Nevada.
Privacy-preserving Publication of Mobility Data with High Utility
Creators: name: Primault, Vincent
name: Mokhtar, Sonia Ben
name: Brunie, Lionel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An increasing amount of mobility data is being collected every day by different means, e.g., by mobile phone operators. This data is sometimes published after the application of simple anonymization techniques, which might lead to severe privacy threats. We propose in this paper a new solution whose novelty is twofold. Firstly, we introduce an algorithm designed to hide places where a user stops during her journey (namely points of interest), by enforcing a constant speed along her trajectory. Secondly, we leverage places where users meet to take a chance to swap their trajectories and therefore confuse an attacker.
description: 2015 35th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computed Systems
Phenomenology of the Georgi-Machacek model at future electron-positron colliders
Creators: name: Chiang, Cheng-Wei
name: Kanemura, Shinya
name: Yagyu, Kei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phenomenology of the exotic Higgs bosons in the Georgi-Machacek model at future electron-positron colliders such as the International Linear Collider (ILC), assuming the collision energies of 500 GeV and 1 TeV. We show that the existence of the neutral and singly-charged Higgs bosons in the 5-plet representation under the custodial $SU(2)_V$ symmetry can be readily identified by studying various energy and invariant mass distributions of the $W^+W^-Z$ final state. Moreover, their masses can be determined with sufficiently high precision to test the mass degeneracy, a feature due to the custodial symmetry of the model. A synergy between such searches at the ILC and the doubly-charged Higgs search at the LHC will make the 5-plet Higgs boson study more comprehensive.
description: Version accepted in PRD
Staavia dodii Bolus
Creators: name: Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine
name: Oliver, Edward G. H.
name: Hall, Anthony V.
name: Quint, Marcus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Bruniales
Bruniaceae
Staavia
Staavia dodii

description: Staavia dodii Bolus in Hooker, Icon. Pl. 26: t. 2558.1898; Pillans in J. S. African Bot. 13: 178. 1947 – Type: near Smitswinkel Bay, Rooihoogte, June 1897, Dod 2641 (BOL!, holo).
description: Published as part of Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine, Oliver, Edward G. H., Hall, Anthony V. & Quint, Marcus, 2019, A new classification of the South African endemic family Bruniaceae based on molecular and morphological data, pp. 1138-1155 in TAXON 60 (4) on page 1147, DOI: 10.1002/tax.604016, http://zenodo.org/record/7590433