Descriptions of new and little-known land snail taxa from Turkey, and establishment of a new genus (Gastropoda, Pulmonata: Lauriidae, Enidae and Vitrinidae)
Creators: name: Ruud, A. Bank
name: Menkhorst, Henk P. M. G
name: Neubert, Eike
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: <i>Ljudmilena</i> Schileyko, 1984 <i>Ljudmilena</i> Schileyko, 1984: 244, 309. Type species (by original designation): <i>Chondrus sieversi</i> Mousson, 1873. The genus <i>Ljudmilena</i> is distributed in the northeastern part of Turkey, the northwestern part of Iran, and the southern part of the Caucasus (Georgia, Armenia). Both sinistral and dextral species are known. Despite the availability of a plethora of shell characters, the taxonomy is still in a deplorable state. There are two revisions, carried out by Schütt &amp; Y&amp;imath;ld&amp;imath;r&amp;imath;m (1996) and Schütt (2004), but the results of the 2004 revision are quite different from that of the 1996 revision. The discovery of two new species forced us to revise the genus once more. The outcome is fundamentally different from the two mentioned revisions. In summary, we found that <i>L. adjarica</i> sensu Schütt &amp; Y&amp;imath;ld&amp;imath;r&amp;imath;m (1996) is <i>L. euxina</i> and that <i>L. adjarica</i> sensu Schütt (2004) is a mixture of <i>L. euxina</i> and our new species <i>L. mariannae</i>. <i>Ljudmilena euxina</i> sensu Schütt &amp; Y&amp;imath;ld&amp;imath;r&amp;imath;m (1996 and 2004) is indeed <i>L. euxina</i>. <i>Ljudmilena araxena</i> sensu Schütt &amp; Y&amp;imath;ld&amp;imath;r&amp;imath;m (1996) is <i>L. mariannae</i>, whereas <i>L. araxena</i> sensu Schütt (2004) is <i>L. cespitum</i>. <i>Ljudmilena armeniaca</i> sensu Schütt &amp; Y&amp;imath;ld&amp;imath;r&amp;imath;m (1996) and Schütt (2004) is <i>L. tricollis</i>, whereas <i>L. tricollis</i> sensu Schütt &amp; Y&amp;imath;ld&amp;imath;r&amp;imath;m (1996) and Schütt (2004) is <i>L. tricollis</i> and <i>L. excellens</i>, respectively. <i>Ljudmilena excellens</i> and <i>L. cespitum</i> as interpreted by Schütt &amp; Y&amp;imath;ld&amp;imath;r&amp;imath;m (1996) and Schütt (2004) belong indeed to <i>L. excellens</i> and <i>L. cespitum</i>. However, <i>L. bayburti</i> newly described by Schütt (2004) also belongs to <i>L. cespitum</i>. Furthermore, <i>L. sieversi</i> sensu Schütt &amp; Y&amp;imath;ld&amp;imath;r&amp;imath;m (1996) is also <i>L. cespitum</i>, whereas <i>L. sieversi</i> sensu Schütt (2004) is indeed <i>L. sieversi</i>. The results of our revision is presented in Table 1. It should be noted that the shell of fig. 1 (Schütt, 2004) is the same shell as the one depicted on fig. 7 (Schütt, 1996), but the legend differs: “Ispir, Stadtge- biet” (SMF 318769a) versus “Çoruh-Fluß, etwa 10 km N Ispir, Böschung unterhalb Köç” (SMF 318769b), respectively. The legend of 2004 is in fact the same as the label of fig. 6 of the 1996 paper, but this is a different shell. The <i>Ljudmilena</i> species can easily be identified by means of their armature and coiling direction (see below; only diagnostic criteria are mentioned): Shell sinistral <i>L. excellens</i> (Retowski, 1889): Infraparietalis present, subangularis very prominent (often fused with the infraparietalis). Synonyms: <i>acampsica</i> Lindholm, 1923; <i>duodecimgyrata</i> Lindholm, 1923. <i>L. tricollis</i> (Mousson, 1876): Infraparietalis absent, subangularis less prominent. Synonyms: <i>minor</i> O. Boettger, 1880; <i>armeniacus</i> Ancey, 1893; <i>carseana</i> Lindholm, 1923. Shell dextral <i>L. cespitum</i> (Mortillet, 1853): infraparietalis absent, dot-like columellaris on peristome, oblique palatalis superior, parietalis reaches close to the peristome, prominent subangularis. Synonyms: <i>araxena</i> Lindholm, 1923. <i>L. euxina</i> (Retowski, 1883): small infraparietalis, no columellaris (the columellar ledge looks like a columellaris!), horizontally placed palatalis superior, parietalis deep inside the aperture, less prominent subangularis. Synonyms: <i>adjaricus</i> Retowski, 1889. <i>L. sieversi</i> (Mousson, 1873): as in <i>cespitum</i>, but subangularis highly reduced, and palatalis superior less oblique and less prominent. Synonyms: <i>hoplites</i> Westerlund, 1890. <i>L. callosa</i> spec. nov.: as in <i>sieversi</i>, but columellaris missing and subangularis more prominent. <i>L. mariannae</i> spec. nov.: as in <i>euxina</i>, but dot-like columellaris present, and no infraparietalis.
description: Published as part of <i>Ruud, A. Bank, Henk P. M. G Menkhorst &amp; Eike Neubert, 2016, Descriptions of new and little-known land snail taxa from Turkey, and establishment of a new genus (Gastropoda, Pulmonata: Lauriidae, Enidae and Vitrinidae), pp. 5-30 in Basteria 80 (1)</i> on pages 14-15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.439745
description: {"references": ["SCHILEYKO, A. A., 1984. Nazemnye molljuski podotrjada Pupillina fauny SSSR (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Geophila). In: Fauna SSSR, Molljuski, III, 3 [= N. S. 130]: 1 - 399. Nauka, Leningrad.", "SCHUTT, H. &amp; YILDIRIM, Z., 1996. Turkische Arten der Gattung Ljudmilena Schileyko, 1984 (Pulmonata: Buliminidae). - Zoology in the Middle East 12: 83 - 92.", "SCHUTT, H., 2004. Die Gattung Ljudmilrna Schileyko, 1984 mit Beschreibung einer neuen Art (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Buliminoidea). - Malakologische Abhandlungen 22: 125 - 130."]}