cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deficits in social cognition following acquired brain injury : the role of facial emotion recognition and metacognition
Creators: name: Denny, EG
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Acquired brain injury (ABI) detrimentally impacts everyday functioning and has implications for those with lived experience and the economy. While the cognitive deficits contribute to these outcomes are well-researched following ABI, the mechanisms of socio-cognitive deficits are less understood. This study aimed to replicate a prior study by Rosenberg et al. (2014) which showed that difficulties in emotion perception ability occur across all emotional valences and at various emotion intensities. It also aimed to extend on this work by examining meta-socio-cognitive awareness, an aspect that is crucial for both successful communication and positive treatment outcomes. Emotion recognition abilities were assessed using the Emotion Recognition Task, with both anticipatory awareness (expected performance) and emergent awareness (judgements of performance as task is completed) assessed by obtaining confidence ratings from zero to 100%. This study found that ABI participants were less accurate in identifying surprise and disgust displayed at high intensities. Also, ABI participants had more difficulty in accurately anticipating their performance on surprise and disgust. The results provide novel insights into the extent to which awareness of social-cognition may be impaired following ABI, that may in turn contribute to social difficulties. Further research is needed to replicate and extend the current results.
Clarification of Basic Concepts for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effectiveness
Creators: name: Peng, Mengyue
name: Qin, Faxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There exists serious miscomprehension in the open literature about the electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) as a critical index to evaluate the shielding performance, which is misleading to the graduates and newcomers embarking on the field of electromagnetic shielding materials. EMI SE is defined as the sum of three terms including reflection loss, absorption loss and multiple reflection loss in the classical Schelkunoff theory, while it is decomposed into two terms named reflection loss and absorption loss in practice, which is called Calculation theory here. In this paper, we elucidate the widely-seen misconceptions connected with EMI SE via theoretical derivation and instance analysis. Firstly, the terms in Calculation theory are often mistakenly regarded as the approximation of the terms with the same names in Schelkunoff theory when multiple reflection loss is negligible. Secondly, it is insufficient and unreasonable to determine the absorption-dominant shielding performance in the case that absorption loss is higher than reflection loss since reflection loss and absorption loss cannot represent the actual levels of reflected and absorbed power. Power coefficients are recommended to compare the contribution of reflection and absorption to shielding performance. Thirdly, multiple reflection effect is included in the definitions of reflection loss and absorption loss in Calculation theory, and the effect of multiple reflections on shielding property is clarified as against the commonly wrong understandings. These clarifications offer correct comprehension about the shielding mechanism and assessment of reflection and absorption contribution to the total shielding.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 1 of Impact of the transpulmonary pressure on right ventricle impairment incidence during acute respiratory distress syndrome: a pilot study in adults and children
Creators: name: Vedrenne-Cloquet, Meryl
name: Petit, Matthieu
name: Khirani, Sonia
name: Charron, Cyril
name: Khraiche, Diala
name: Panaioli, Elena
name: Habib, Mustafa
name: Renolleau, Sylvain
name: Fauroux, Brigitte
name: Vieillard-Baron, Antoine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1.
A study of slip line lengths in aluminum single crystals during transient deformation
Creators: name: De Larios, John Martin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Slip line length measurements have been carried out on oriented single crystals of high purity aluminum to qualitatively check the predictions of a new theory of plastic flow in strain hardened metals. This theory states that the slip line length L will be a function of the stress, σ, the yield strength, Ty, and the magnitude of the variation in the obstacle spacing, Tv. To achieve this purpose, the specimens were prestrained at room temperature to the same stress level insuring that they had the same structure. They were then electropolished and given a small increment of strain at a temperature between 298°K and 4°K or a strain rate from ɛ = 1x10⁻⁴ /min to ɛ = 2x10⁻¹ /min. The slip line lengths for these increments were found to increase with increasing strain rate and to decrease with increasing temperature, in agreement with the theory. By applying the increment of strain in small, divisions, the slip line length was found to increase during the region of transient deformation following a quench. This increase in L was due to an increase in stress. Lowering the prestrain temperature showed that the slip line length depended on the structure parameter Tv. A low temperature prestrain resulted in a smaller Tv and therefore shorter slip lines. From the 4°K increment, the parameters characterizing the prestrained structure and the structure after the increment could be determined. Using equations of the theory, these values were related to the experimental slip line length data with good quantitative agreement.
title: Development and Validation Test of a Mule Deer Habitat Rule
Creators: name: Gephart, Glenn
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1979

description: A mathematical description of Rocky Mountain mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) habitat was developed and subjected to validation testing using correlation and multiple regression statistical techniques. Data were collected on a central Utah study area, which was divided into mountain and desert regions.
Data on deer utilization and several habitat components from 86 study plots visited in 1976 were used to develop a habitat rule. Data from 46 study plots visited in 1977 were used to test the accuracy of the rule. Deer utilization was determined from pellet group counts on 20 0.001 ha pellet plots at each study plot.
The regression model accounted for 53 and 43 percent of the respective variation in pellet group density in mountain and desert habitats observed in 1976. However, the same model explained only 8 and 0.02 percent, respectively, of the observed variation in the 1977 validation test data.
Reliability and applicability of statistical habitat models and importance of validation of results are discussed.
Starburst or AGN Dominance in Submillimetre-Luminous Candidate AGN?
Creators: name: Coppin, Kristen
name: Pope, Alexandra
name: Menendez-Delmestre, Karin
name: Alexander, David M.
name: Dunlop, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is widely believed that ultraluminous infrared (IR) galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGN) activity are triggered by galaxy interactions and merging, with the peak of activity occurring at z~2, where submillimetre galaxies are thousands of times more numerous than local ULIRGs. In this evolutionary picture, submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) would host an AGN, which would eventually grow a black hole (BH) strong enough to blow off all of the gas and dust leaving an optically luminous QSO. To probe this evolutionary sequence we have focussed on the 'missing link' sources, which demonstrate both strong starburst (SB) and AGN signatures, in order to determine if the SB is the main power source even in SMGs when we have evidence that an AGN is present from their IRAC colours. The best way to determine if a dominant AGN is present is to look for their signatures in the mid-infrared with the Spitzer IRS, since often even deep X-ray observations miss identifying the presence of AGN in heavily dust-obscured SMGs. We present the results of our audit of the energy balance between star-formation and AGN within this special sub-population of SMGs -- where the BH has grown appreciably to begin heating the dust emission.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure. To appear in "Hunting for the Dark: The Hidden Side of Galaxy Formation", Malta, 19-23 Oct. 2009, eds. V.P. Debattista and C.C. Popescu, AIP Conf. Ser., in press
Additional file 2 of Targeted enrichment of novel chloroplast-based probes reveals a large-scale phylogeny of 412 bamboos
Creators: name: Wang, Jiongliang
name: Mu, Weixue
name: Yang, Ting
name: Song, Yue
name: Hou, Yin Guang
name: Wang, Yu
name: Gao, Zhimin
name: Liu, Xin
name: Liu, Huan
name: Zhao, Hansheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. A phylogenetic tree constructed by 567 complete chloroplast genomes. These species span the phylogenetic diversity of 7 major clades including 40 order and 57 family. The details were provided in Supplementary Table S2.
Fertilization and irrigation effects on the time scale of carbon cycling in New Zealand Pastures
Creators: name: Doetterl, Sebastian
name: Stoner, Shane
name: Trumbore, Susan
name: Baisden, Troy
name: Schipper, Louis
name: Sierra, Carlos
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2019

description: Soil organic matter is the largest terrestrial stock of carbon, and agricultural soils have potential to store large amounts of carbon (C), dependent on management practices such as fertilization and irrigation. Soil C is composed of a complex mixture of organic molecules of varying sources, energy contents, and degrees of stabilization, and are cycled at different rates in soils. Thus the “age” of these molecules can be largely variable and widely distributed. Since management practices can modify both the amount of carbon that enters the soils and the rates at which C is cycled, we expect management practices to affect times scales of soil carbon cycling. In this contribution, we present results from a unique set of archived soil samples collected between 1959 and 2008 from a long-term pasture production study in New Zealand. Thirteen subsamples were analyzed for radiocarbon analyses, and a three-pool feedback model was fit to the data, which spans over 60 years. Such highly constrained models can accurately investigate differences in management effects on mean system age (MSA) and mean transit time (MTT). Management effects were observed showing significant differences in MSA and MTT across both irrigation and fertilization trials. In particular, we observed: 1) irrigated pastures have a large fast-cycling pool due to higher productivity in spite of lower system transit times. 2) Frequent irrigation decreases the amount of long-term stable C in pastures. 3) Despite no difference in soil C accumulation, fertilized pastures store C longer than unfertilized pastures. These results suggest a potential paradigm shift toward prioritizing management that promotes long-term storage of C above simple increases in soil C content, which could lead to more effective methods of addressing rising atmospheric C. Results from this study could be applied to systems that are lacking spatio-temporal resolution present here.
description: Geophysical Research Abstracts, 21
description: ISSN:1029-7006
description: ISSN:1607-7962
title: Plant Succession Studies on Subalpine Acid Mine Spoils in the Beartooth Mountains
Creators: name: Howard, Patricia Lea
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1978

description: Large areas within alpine and subalpine tundra have been x disturbed by mining during this century. The most promising method for retarding deterioration of these areas is revegetation with native species through both seeding and transplants. One natural process of revegetation which occurs on portions of many existing disturbances seems to be the establishment of a few species that expand with time to form matts of plants.
At the McLaren Mine, located at 3000 m elevation in the Beartooth Mountains, Montana, active succession is occurring and is dominated by Carex species. Seed viability and successional patterns studies were conducted on the mine. The objectives included: 1) determinations of seed viability on the spoils, 2) determine to what extent the Carex communities enhanced seedling survival, 3) to quantify the vegetation characteristics within the Carex communities and adjacent mine spoil, and 4) determine the effect that Carex communities have on microenvironmental factors. Greenhouse tests were used to determine seed viability in soil samples taken from the mine. Paired observations in field studies were used to compare vegetational and microenvironmental differences between Carex communities and adjacent bare areas.
Statistical analyses of the data collected showed that there was an adequate source of viable seeds of various species in the spoils to encourage natural revegetation if they could become established. Seedling mortality was reduced in Carex communities, apparently by decreasing soil disruption caused by frost action. Carex communities altered the microenvironment by reducing soil temperatures, wind speed, and radiation flux, and by providing a richer source of nitrogen and potassium than did the bare areas. Carex communities did not alter ?oil pH, phosphorus or soil water. Measurement of microenvironmental factors varied between the center and edge locations within the Carex communities. Species diversity and percent litter cover increased with increase in community size.
Classical Cepheids in the Milky Way
Creators: name: Pietrukowicz, P.
name: Soszynski, I.
name: Udalski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We share the most up-to-date, carefully verified list of classical Cepheids residing in the Galaxy. Based on long-term OGLE experience in the field of variable stars, we have inspected candidates for Cepheids from surveys such as ASAS, ASAS-SN, ATLAS, Gaia, NSVS, VVV, WISE, ZTF, among others, and also known sources from the General Catalogue of Variable Stars. Only objects confirmed in the optical range as classical Cepheids are included in the list. We provide Gaia EDR3 identifications of the stars. Purity of the sample exceeds 97 per cent, while its completeness is of about 88 per cent down to a magnitude G=18. The list contains 3352 classical Cepheids, of which 2140 stars are fundamental-mode pulsators. Basic statistics and comparison between the classical Cepheids from the Milky Way, Andromeda Galaxy (M31), and Magellanic Clouds are provided. The list is available at the OGLE Internet Data Archive.
description: List available at https://www.astrouw.edu.pl/ogle/ogle4/OCVS/allGalCep.listID
Radiative capture of nucleons at astrophysical energies with single-particle states
Creators: name: Huang, J. T.
name: Bertulani, C. A.
name: Guimaraes, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiative capture of nucleons at energies of astrophysical interest is one of the most important processes for nucleosynthesis. The nucleon capture can occur either by a compound nucleus reaction or by a direct process. The compound reaction cross sections are usually very small, specially for light nuclei. The direct capture proceeds either via the formation of a single-particle resonance, or a non-resonant capture process. In this work we calculate radiative capture cross sections and astrophysical S-factors for nuclei in the mass region A<20 using single-particle states. We carefully discuss the parameter fitting procedure adopted in the simplified two-body treatment of the capture process. Then we produce a detailed list of cases for which the model works well. Useful quantities, such as spectroscopic factors and asymptotic normalization coefficients, are obtained and compared to published data.
description: Accepted for publication in Atomic Data & Nuclear Data Tables
The preparation and properties of rf-plasma-anodized silicon dioxide thin films and aluminum-silicon Schottky photodiodes
Creators: name: Reche, Jean Joseph Henri
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: An experimental procedure which utilises rf plasma anodization to grow SiO2 films on silicon is described. The quality of these films is suitable for MOS technology and growth rates are practical for industrial manufacturing. The electrical and physical propeties of the silicon dioxide films have been studied with comparisons being made, whenever possible, to results obtained with films grown by other methods. A novel method to determine the optical properties of thin films from single angle reflectance measurements has been devised in order to accurately monitor in-situ the growth of the thin films described in this work. Large-area aluminum-silicon Schottky photodiodes with wide spectral response have been manufactured using plasma anodization as a processing step. An aluminum oxide coating is used for passivation, shaping of the spectral response and enhancement of the photoresponse throughout the spectrum of interest. The heights of the aluminum-p-type and -n-type silicon barriers are reported and a comparison is made between the experimental spectral response and a theoretical model.
Long-lived Sterile Neutrino Searches at Future Muon Colliders
Creators: name: Bi, Qi
name: Guo, Jinhui
name: Liu, Jia
name: Luo, Yan
name: Wang, Xiao-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the potential of studying sterile neutrinos at a future high-energy muon collider, where these particles can generate small active neutrino masses via the seesaw mechanism and exhibit long-lived particle signatures. A Dirac sterile neutrino model with ${\rm U(1)}_{L_μ-L_τ}$ symmetry is introduced, where the heavy right-handed neutrino ($N_R$) produces tiny active neutrino masses, and the light left-handed neutrino ($N_L$) naturally behaves as a long-lived particle. The ${\rm U(1)}_{L_μ-L_τ}$ gauge symmetry also enhances sterile neutrino pair production at a future high-energy muon collider. Using the displaced vertex method, the muon collider can search for heavy sterile neutrino, especially for $m_L> m_W$. We find that a muon collider with $\sqrt{s} = 3~ (10)$ TeV and luminosity $L=1~(10)$ ab$^{-1}$ can probe $N_L$ masses of $m_L \in [100,~1500~(5000)]$ GeV and mixing angles $θ_{νL} \in [10^{-13},~10^{-6}]$.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 2 of Successful rapid improvement of acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer with almonertinib: a case report
Creators: name: Sun, Cheng
name: Liang, Zhike
name: Yan, Zhiyun
name: Feng, Yawen
name: Tang, Wanna
name: Wei, Shuquan
name: Zhong, Weinong
name: Zhao, Ziwen
name: Li, Yujun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy
Hematology
Virology

description: Supplementary Material 2
title: Seasonal Course of Root Respiration in Atriplex confertifolia
Creators: name: Holthausen, Richard S.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1977

description: Root respiratory response of mature Atriplex confertifolia plants growing in established communities was measured during two growing seasons using freshly excised root segments and gas chromatography techniques. Respiratory response at fixed test temperatures changed significantly during the growing season, and this pattern of respiratory adjustment varied for root segments located at different depths in the soil profile. Respiration measured at a constant test temperature was highest during early sumner, and declined to minimum values in late summer and fall. Root segments taken from the top 30 cm of the soil profile displayed peak activity several weeks before root segments from greater depths reached maximum activity. The significance of these patterns of respiration is discussed in relation to the carbon balance of Atriplex plants and the uses of respiratory energy within the root system.
ARCRAIDER II: Arc search in a sample of non-Abell clusters
Creators: name: Kausch, W.
name: Schindler, S.
name: Erben, T.
name: Wambsganss, J.
name: Schwope, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a search for gravitational arcs in a sample of X-ray luminous, medium redshift clusters of galaxies. The sample of clusters is called ARCRAIDER, is based on the ROSAT Bright Survey (RBS) and fulfills the following criteria: (a) X-ray luminosity Lx>=0.5x10^45erg/s (0.5-2keV band), (b) redshift range 0.1<=z<=0.52, (c) classified as clusters in the RBS, (d) not a member of the Abell catalogue and, finally, (e) visible from the ESO sites La Silla/Paranal (declination δ<=20deg). In total we found more than 35 (giant) arc/arclet candidates, including a possible radial arc, one galaxy-galaxy lensing event and a possible quasar triple image in 14 of the 21 clusters of galaxies. Hence 66% of the sample members are possible lenses.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics; 8 pages (excl. Appendix), 6 figures, 9 tables; Please download the high-res images of the appendix from http://astro-staff.uibk.ac.at/~w.kausch/ARCRAIDER_II_images.tar.gz
Mining the Ultra-Hot Skies of HAT-P-70b: Detection of a Profusion of Neutral and Ionized Species
Creators: name: Bello-Arufe, Aaron
name: Cabot, Samuel H. C.
name: Mendonça, João M.
name: Buchhave, Lars A.
name: Rathcke, Alexander D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With an equilibrium temperature above 2500 K, the recently discovered HAT-P-70 b belongs to a new class of exoplanets known as ultra-hot Jupiters: extremely irradiated gas giants with day-side temperatures that resemble those found in stars. These ultra-hot Jupiters are among the most amenable targets for follow-up atmospheric characterization through transmission spectroscopy. Here, we present the first analysis of the transmission spectrum of HAT-P-70 b using high-resolution data from the HARPS-N spectrograph of a single transit event. We use a cross-correlation analysis and transmission spectroscopy to look for atomic and molecular species in the planetary atmosphere. We detect absorption by Ca II, Cr I, Cr II, Fe I, Fe II, H I, Mg I, Na I and V I, and we find tentative evidence of Ca I and Ti II. Overall, these signals appear blue-shifted by a few km s$^{-1}$, suggestive of winds flowing at high velocity from the day-side to the night-side. We individually resolve the Ca II H & K lines, the Na I doublet, and the H$α$, H$β$ and H$γ$ Balmer lines. The cores of the Ca II and H I lines form well above the continuum, indicating the existence of an extended envelope. We refine the obliquity of this highly misaligned planet to $107.9^{+2.0}_{-1.7}$ degrees by examining the Doppler shadow that the planet casts on its A-type host star. These results place HAT-P-70 b as one of the exoplanets with the highest number of species detected in its atmosphere.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, accepted to AJ
title: A Comparison of Consumer's Surplus and Monopoly Revenue Estimates of Recreational Value for Two Utah Waterfowl Marshes
Creators: name: Brink, C. Holden
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1973

description: Demand curves were estimated for waterfowl hunting and nonconsumptive recreational use from use rate and variable expenditure data collected at the Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge and the Farmington Bay Waterfowl Management Area during fiscal 1969. Consumer's surplus and monopoly revenue estimates were then derived from the demand functions. Adjusted estimates of consumer's surplus for waterfowl hunting amounted to $7,260 per year at Bear River and $11,400 per year at Farmington Bay. For nonconsumptive recreation annual consumer's surplus was estimated to be $18,700 at Bear River and $3,760 at Farmington Bay. Monopoly revenue estimates were between one-half and one-fourth the corresponding consumer's surplus estimates.
The capitalized value (at 8 percent interest) of predicted annual consumer's surplus for all recreation was $865,800 for Bear River and $299,000 for Farmington Boy. Capitalization of the corresponding monopoly revenue estimates gave $276,900 for Bear River and $92,100 for Farmington Bay. At 3 percent interest, the capitalized consumer's surplus values increase to $4,242,000 for Bear River and $1,184,000 for Farmington Buy, while those for monopoly revenue increase to $1,330,000 for Bear River and $350,000 for Farmington Bay.
The author believes that consumer's surplus estimates are more valuable than monopoly revenue estimates for comparison with other values included in the benefit/cost analysis of water development projects because the needed values include more than a non-discriminating monopolist can extract.
It will never be possible to make additive estimates of all of the relevant values of natural areas used for outdoor recreation. Allocation decisions must draw on several disciplines in addition to economics to determine where the balance will swing for the greatest net benefit to society, nevertheless, the author believes that exceptions exist where the native flora and fauna can be managed to attract visitors such than an area can remain in natural production in perpetuity and be competitive with potentially conflicting interests in terms of measurable economic values.
It is believed that future research should concentrate on high-value sites and be directed toward sensitivity analysis, the simultaneous evaluation of alternative uses, the influence of the travel-time variable, marginal resource values, and off-site benefits.
On the Structure of Lie Pseudo-Groups
Creators: name: Olver, Peter J.
name: Pohjanpelto, Juha
name: Valiquette, Francis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare and contrast two approaches to the structure theory for Lie pseudo-groups, the first due to Cartan, and the second due to the first two authors. We argue that the latter approach offers certain advantages from both a theoretical and practical standpoint.
Exploring film tourism potential in Ireland: from Game of Thrones to Star Wars
Creators: name: Bolan, Peter
name: Kearney, Matthew
Publisher: name: Journal of Tourism & Development
Year: 2017

description: Film as a medium can exert a powerful influence on its audience. A growing body of literature provides evidence that cinematic film and television drama productions can influence people’s travel decisions and entice them to visit particular destinations they have seen on screen. This paper applies the concept of film-induced tourism to Ireland, from the context of early productions of the 1950’s through to a particular focus on more recent high profile examples such as Game of Thrones and Star Wars: The Force Awakens. Global online research (netnography) was undertaken with the fan-base of Game of Thrones, further supplemented with analysis of social media content relating to the 2015 Star Wars film and the Irish island location of Skellig Michael. Findings reveal very strong fan bases with respect to each case and a strong interest in the Ireland based locations. Awareness appears to be high and growing in each case which highlights enormous potential for Ireland to grow as a film tourism destination.
description: Journal of Tourism & Development, vol. 1 n.º 27/28 (2017)
The rotation period distribution of the rich Pleiades-age Southern open cluster NGC 2516. Existence of a representative zero-age main sequence distribution
Creators: name: Fritzewski, D. J.
name: Barnes, S. A.
name: James, D. J.
name: Strassmeier, K. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We wish to measure the cool star rotation period distribution for the Pleiades-age rich open cluster NGC 2516 and use it to determine whether cluster-to-cluster variations exist in otherwise identical open clusters. We obtained 42 d-long time-series CCD photometry of NGC 2516 using the Yale 1 m telescope at CTIO and performed a number of related analyses, including PSF-based time-series photometry. Our data are complemented with additional information from several photometric datasets, literature radial velocities, and Gaia DR2 astrometry. All available data are used to construct an integrated membership list for NGC 2516, containing 844 stars in our 1deg FoV. We derived 308 rotation periods for late-F to mid-M cluster members from our photometry. We identified an additional 247 periodic M dwarf stars from a prior study as cluster members, and used these to construct a 555-star rotation period distribution for NGC 2516. We find a group of slowly rotating M dwarfs (10d
description: Published in A&A, 26+7 pages, 20+4 figures, 4+1 tables
Degradation of benzothiazole pollutant by sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation process
Creators: name: Ma, Jie
name: Ding, Yi
name: Gu, Chunyun
name: Zhai, Guangyao
name: Liu, Yanbo
name: Wen, Jing
name: Rong, Xun
name: Luo, Chaoyi
name: Qiu, Ye
name: Zhang, Ping
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Benzothiazole (BTH) is an aromatic heterocyclic compound with wide industrial applications. In view of its toxicity and wide environmental presence, previous efforts have been made to decompose BTH via different degradation pathways. However, due to its recalcitrant nature, conventional biological treatment methods cannot completely degrade BTH in the wastewater. In this study, sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation process (AOP) technique has been adopted to degrade BTH in aqueous phase. Persulfate (PS) was employed as radical promotor to generate sulfate radical via heat activation. Degradation of BTH by thermally activated persulfate via AOP has been experimentally evaluated in a systematic manner. Laboratory efforts have been made to examine the impact of a number of physiochemical parameters including the type of oxidants, reaction temperature, initial concentrations of PS and BTH, solution pH, and the presence of anionic species. It shows that a higher BTH degradation rate can be achieved by lowering BTH initial concentration or increasing PS concentration. Increasing solution pH or the presence of 10 mM of Cl-, Br-, CO32-, or HCO3- species can decrease BTH degradation rate. Furthermore, the primary radical(s) responsible for BTH degradation have been identified as sulfate radical at an acidic aqueous condition, and hydroxyl radical and sulfate radical combined at a basic condition. This study provides the necessary theoretical and technical foundations for BTH degradation via sulfate radical-based AOP technique. The conclusions from this study can substantially promote the field application of AOP, especially sulfate radical-based AOP technique, for BTH degradation in wastewater treatment process.
Soil geochemistry as a driver of soil organic matter composition: insights from a soil chronosequence
Creators: name: Mainka, Moritz
name: Summerauer, Laura
name: Wasner, Daniel
name: Garland, Gina
name: Griepentrog, Marco
name: Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw
name: Doetterl, Sebastian
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2021
Subjects: SOM composition
DRIFTS
13C
15N
SOM stabilization
Soil chronosequence
Organo-mineral association

description: A central question in carbon research is how stabilization mechanisms in soil change over time with soil development and how this is reflected in qualitative changes in soil organic matter (SOM). To address this matter, we assessed the influence of soil geochemistry on bulk SOM composition along a soil chronosequence in California, USA, spanning 3 million years. This was done by combining data on soil mineralogy and texture from previous studies with additional measurements on total carbon (C), stable isotope values (δ13C and δ15N), and spectral information derived from diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). To assess qualitative shifts in bulk SOM, we analysed the peak areas of simple plant-derived (S-POM), complex plant-derived (C-POM), and predominantly microbial-derived organic matter (OM; MOM) and their changes in abundance across soils with several millennia to millions of years of weathering and soil development. We observed that SOM became increasingly stabilized and microbial-derived (lower C : N ratio, increasing δ13C and δ15N) as soil weathering progressed. Peak areas of S-POM (i.e. aliphatic root exudates) did not change over time, while peak areas of C-POM (lignin) and MOM (components of microbial cell walls (amides, quinones, and ketones)) increased over time and depth and were closely related to clay content and pedogenic iron oxides. Hence, our study suggests that with progressing soil development, SOM composition co-varied with changes in the mineral matrix. Our study indicates that structurally more complex OM compounds (C-POM, MOM) play an increasingly important role in soil carbon stabilization mechanisms as the mineral soil matrix becomes increasingly weathered.
description: Biogeosciences Discussions
description: ISSN:1810-6277
description: ISSN:1810-6285
Mediation of a destination’s environmental image: a consideration of a negative portrayal
Creators: name: Sakellari, Maria
Publisher: name: Journal of Tourism & Development
Year: 2017

description: As understanding of the relation between negative plot and perceived destination image is still limited, this paper explores the question if a filmic experience of environmental degradation found in a popular tourism destination would also influence viewers’ image formation of the destination. This paper argues that a negative plot impacts perceived destination image and can impinge upon how the audience participates in the construction of the image it consumes and reaffirms literature suggestions that tourist awareness of sustainability issues might lead to changes in tourist destinations choices.
description: Journal of Tourism & Development, vol. 1 n.º 27/28 (2017)
title: Evaluating Habitat-based Niche Requirements and Potential Recruitment Bottlenecks for Imperiled Bluehead Sucker (Catostomus discobolus)
Creators: name: Maloney, Bryan C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: Changes to rivers that alter physical and thermal habitat may cause fish population abundance to decline, due to fewer individuals maturing and entering the adult population. The Weber River has become highly degraded with many dams and diversions altering fish habitat, river volume, velocity, and temperature, and limiting movement between reaches. Bluehead suckers (Catostomus discobolus) occupy only 47% of their historical range and the genetically-distinct Weber River (northern UT) population is declining and contains few young, juvenile fish. My objectives were to determine whether spawning and rearing habitat available in the Weber River may be limiting bluehead sucker reproductive success and population growth. I used reach-based surveys to locate and quantify spawning habitat in the Weber River and Ferron Creek (central Utah), a relatively unaltered river for comparison. I sampled slow-water backwaters near (< 1 km) spawning reaches for juvenile sucker and surveyed habitat characteristics. I conducted laboratory experiments to evaluate the effect different temperature and velocity treatments (12-19°C, 0.004-0.18 m/s) have on juvenile bluehead sucker growth. In the Weber River and Ferron Creek, reaches with gravel (4-64 mm diameter), cobble (64-256 mm diameter), and pools (6-26 pools/km) were used by spawning bluehead sucker. In Weber River backwaters, deeper backwaters contained significantly more juvenile sucker (18-378 sucker; range: 19-87 cm max depth).
Laboratory results indicated that juvenile bluehead sucker growth was greatest in the cooler temperature and slower velocity treatments. Collectively these results suggest spawning habitat is limited by the availability of small, rocky substrate and pools and rearing habitat is limited by the availability of deep, slow backwaters at the optimal temperature. By evaluating factors that may limit bluehead sucker population growth, this study will provide a template for future restoration efforts directed at recovering this imperiled population.
“Conservation” and co-creation through film tourism at heritage sites: an initial focus on Northern Ireland
Creators: name: Ghisoiu, Mihaela
name: Bolan, Peter
name: Gilmore, Audrey
name: Carruthers, Clare
Publisher: name: Journal of Tourism & Development
Year: 2017

description: An increasing number of film and television successes such as Game of Thrones and Dracula Untold have utilised heritage sites throughout Northern Ireland. This creates an opportunity for heritage sites to expand their traditional markets and to enhance the quality of the experience tourists have on site. This paper draws on the existing literature on heritage conservation, film tourism and co-creation and proposes a conceptual model with the aim of reconciling two very different markets that activate in the same space. A pilot study using an interpretive case study approach was used at three heritage tourism sites where films or television series had been filmed. Key findings revealed that both heritage site tourists and film tourists were interested in finding out the details regarding the filming that had taken place at each site, and wanted to be involved in related activities, as this was considered to enrich their experience whilst visiting. There is also a need for closer cooperation and communication between site management for a long-term, sustainable approach to film tourism, and for an overarching and comprehensive policy encompassing all relevant stakeholders.
description: Journal of Tourism & Development, vol. 1 n.º 27/28 (2017)
Drivers of the distribution of soil organic matter fractions along a geo-climatic gradient
Creators: name: Wasner, Daniel
name: Abramoff, Rose
name: Zagal, Erick
name: Griepentrog, Marco
name: Doetterl, Sebastian
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022

description: The concept of distinct soil organic matter (SOM) fractions – with differing formation pathways, stabilization mechanisms and responses to change – is a promising avenue to improve our understanding of soil carbon (C) dynamics. While there is widespread consensus on the general usefulness of conceptual fractions with specific functional implications, there is still a lack of information on the patterns with which they contribute to bulk soil organic carbon (SOC) stock at larger scales and across climatic and soil physicochemical gradients. In this study, we aimed to assess first the quantitative importance of three key SOM fractions across a diverse range of 12 soil groups with global significance. Secondly, we wanted to gain insights on the environmental drivers that shape the contribution of these fractions to SOC stocks.

Here we sampled a set of 35 grassland topsoils (0 – 10 cm) along a 3000 km north-south transect in Chile ranging from subpolar to Mediterranean climate, and covering 12 WRB major soil groups. Following a modified version of the protocol in Zimmermann et. al (2007), we partitioned the soils into three functional SOM fractions defined by particle size and density (free silt and clay, free particulate organic matter, stable microaggregates), enabling us to quantify SOC stocks and the relative contribution to SOC in these three fractions. In order to identify links between fractions and potential drivers of C stabilization, we further characterized extensively relevant physico-chemical properties of the soils, compiled climatic data of the sites and characterized OM maturity (DRIFT spectroscopy and Rock-Eval pyrolysis) as well as pedogenic, secondary Fe-, Al- and Mn-oxide concentrations through sequential extraction.

We found that the contributions of mineral-associated SOM fractions to bulk SOC varied strongly across the soil gradient, while the contribution of free particulate organic matter was comparatively stable and low. SOM associated with free silt and clay sized particles are the most important C reservoir in soils with less than 4 % SOC, whereas in soils with higher SOC content, the majority of the SOC is contained in stable microaggregates. The SOC stock in various fractions was sensitive to changes in temperature, pedogenic oxides, and OM input vs. decomposition. Comparison of OM maturity showed that free particulate OM and free silt and clay associated OM can be clearly distinguished, while OM in microaggregates is likely a mixture of both. However, drivers of OM composition in microaggregates could not be identified.

This study demonstrates that in SOC-rich soils, microaggregates represent a major fraction of bulk SOC, and that SOC stocks in key SOM fractions can be linked to distinct climatic and soil physicochemical factors.
description: EGUsphere
GRB081028 and its late-time afterglow re-brightening
Creators: name: Margutti, R.
name: Genet, F.
name: Granot, J.
name: Duran, R. Barniol
name: Guidorzi, C.
name: Chincarini, G.
name: Mao, J.
name: Schady, P.
name: Sakamoto, T.
name: Miller, A. A.
name: Olofsson, G.
name: Bloom, J. S.
name: Evans, P. A.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Malesani, D.
name: Moretti, A.
name: Pasotti, F.
name: Starr, D.
name: Burrows, D. N.
name: Barthelmy, S. D.
name: Roming, P. W. A.
name: Gehrels, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Swift captured for the first time a smoothly rising X-ray re-brightening of clear non-flaring origin after the steep decay in a long gamma-ray burst (GRB): GRB081028. A rising phase is likely present in all GRBs but is usually hidden by the prompt tail emission and constitutes the first manifestation of what is later to give rise to the shallow decay phase. Contemporaneous optical observations reveal a rapid evolution of the injection frequency of a fast cooling synchrotron spectrum through the optical band, which disfavours the afterglow onset (start of the forward shock emission along our line of sight when the outflow is decelerated) as the origin of the observed re-brightening. We investigate alternative scenarios and find that the observations are consistent with the predictions for a narrow jet viewed off-axis. The high on-axis energy budget implied by this interpretation suggests different physical origins of the prompt and (late) afterglow emission. Strong spectral softening takes place from the prompt to the steep decay phase: we track the evolution of the spectral peak energy from the gamma-rays to the X-rays and highlight the problems of the high latitude and adiabatic cooling interpretations. Notably, a softening of both the high and low spectral slopes with time is also observed. We discuss the low on-axis radiative efficiency of GRB081028 comparing its properties against a sample of Swift long GRBs with secure E_gamma,iso measurements.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures; MNRAS accepted
Stellungnahme der Ständigen Impfkommission zu einer künftigen Impfung gegen COVID-19
Creators: name: Koch-Institut, Robert
name: STIKO
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: STIKO
subject: COVID-19
subject: Priorisierung
subject: Ethik
subject: Nutzen-Risiko
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: In Deutschland hat die STIKO den gesetzlichen Auftrag, Empfehlungen zu Impfungen und Impfstrategien zu entwickeln und auszusprechen. Dieses Mandat besteht auch während einer Pandemie. Bei vermutlich limitierten Impfstoffmengen gehört dazu auch die Entwicklung von Empfehlungen, wie die verfügbaren Bestände mit dem bestmöglichen Nutzen für die Bevölkerung eingesetzt werden können (Priorisierung). Ziel der im Epidemiologischen Bulletin 35/2020 veröffentlichten Stellungnahme der STIKO ist es zu erläutern, wie die STIKO (a) die in ihrer SOP beschriebenen Kriterien der Evidenz-basierten Nutzen-Risiko-Abwägung bei der COVID-19-Impfung umsetzen und (b) auch ethische Aspekte bei der Priorisierung berücksichtigen wird.
Rotation periods for cool stars in the open cluster NGC 3532. The transition from fast to slow rotation
Creators: name: Fritzewski, D. J.
name: Barnes, S. A.
name: James, D. J.
name: Strassmeier, K. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cluster intermediate in age between the Pleiades (150 Myr) and the Hyades (600 Myr) is needed to probe the rotational evolution, especially the transition between fast and slow rotation that occurs between the two ages. We study the rich 300 Myr-old open cluster NGC 3532 to provide constraints on angular momentum loss. Measuring the rotation periods builds on our prior work of providing spectroscopic membership information for the cluster, and it supports the chromospheric activity measurements of cluster stars that we provide in a companion paper. Using 42 d-long photometric time series observations, we measured rotation periods for members of NGC 3532 and compared them with the predictions of angular momentum evolution models. We directly measured 176 photometric rotation periods for the cluster members. An additional 113 photometric rotation periods were identified using activity information resulting in a total sample containing 279 rotation periods for FGKM stars in NGC 3532. The colour-period diagram constructed from this rich data set shows a well-populated and structured slow rotator sequence, and a fast rotator sequence evolved beyond zero-age main sequence age whose stars are in transition from fast to slow rotation. We also identify an extended slow rotator sequence, apparently the analogue of the one we previously identified in NGC 2516. We compare our period distribution to rotational isochrones in colour-period space and find that all considered models have certain shortcomings. Using more detailed spin-down models, we evolve the rotation periods of the younger NGC 2516 forward in time and find that the spindown of the models is too aggressive with respect to the slow rotators. In contrast, stars on the evolved fast rotator sequence are not spun down strongly enough by these models. Our observations suggest a shorter crossing time for the rotational gap. (Abridged)
description: Published in A&A, 18+2 pages, 13+1 figures, 2 tables