cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Enabling pulse compression and proton acceleration in a modular ICF driver for nuclear and particle physics applications
Creators: name: Terranova, F.
name: Bulanov, S. V.
name: Collier, J. L.
name: Kiriyama, H.
name: Pegoraro, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of efficient ion acceleration regimes in collective laser-plasma interactions opens up the possibility to develop high-energy physics facilities in conjunction with projects for inertial confinement nuclear fusion (ICF) and neutron spallation sources. In this paper, we show that the pulse compression requests to make operative these acceleration mechanisms do not fall in contradiction with current technologies for high repetition rate ICF drivers. In particular, we discuss explicitly a solution that exploits optical parametric chirped pulse amplification and the intrinsic modularity of the lasers aimed at ICF.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures. One figure and a few comments added. Version to appear in Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A
Kepler and the Kuiper Belt
Creators: name: Gaudi, B. Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proposed field-of-view of the Kepler mission is at an ecliptic latitude of ~55 degrees, where the surface density of scattered Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) is a few percent that in the ecliptic plane. The rate of occultations of Kepler target stars by scattered KBOs with radii r>10km is ~10^-6 to 10^-4 per star per year, where the uncertainty reflects the current ignorance of the thickness of the scattered KBO disk and the faint-end slope of their magnitude distribution. These occultation events will last only ~0.1% of the planned t_exp=15 minute integration time, and thus will appear as single data points that deviate by tiny amounts. However, given the target photometric accuracy of Kepler, these deviations will nevertheless be highly significant, with typical signal-to-noise ratios of ~10. I estimate that 1-20 of the 10^5 main-sequence stars in Kepler's field-of-view will exhibit detectable occultations during its four-year mission. For unresolved events, the signal-to-noise of individual occultations scales as t_exp^{-1/2}, and the minimum detectable radius could be decreased by an order of magnitude to ~1 km by searching the individual 3-second readouts for occultations. I propose a number of methods by which occultation events may be differentiated from systematic effects. Kepler should measure or significantly constrain the frequency of highly-inclined, ~10 km-sized KBOs.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure. No changes. Accepted to ApJ, to appear in the August 1, 2004 issue (v610)
Warm Asymmetric Nuclear Matter and Proto-Neutron Star
Creators: name: Jena, Pravat Kumar
name: Singh, Lambodar Prasad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asymmetric nuclear matter equation of state at finite temperature is studied in SU(2) chiral sigma model using mean field approximation. The effect of temperature on effective mass, entropy, and binding energy is discussed. Treating the system as one with two conserved charges the liquid-gas phase transition is investigated. We have also discussed the effect of proton fraction on critical temperature with and without $ρ$-meson contribution. We have extended our work to study the structure of proto-neutron star with neutron free charge-neutral matter in beta-equilibrium. We found that the mass and radius of the star decreases as it cools from the entropy per baryon S = 2 to S = 0 and the maximum temperature of the core of the star is about 62 MeV for S = 2.
description: 25 pages, 16 figures
OXYFLUORFEN FOR WEED CONTROL IN COFFEE AND PLANTAIN
Creators: name: Liu, Lii-Chyuan
name: Boneta-Garcia, E. G.
name: Liu, Lii-Chyuan
name: Boneta-Garcia, E. G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Two field experiments in private farms near the Adjuntas Substation and one field experiment at the Gurabo Agricultural Substation were conducted to evaluate Oxyfliiorfen /2-chloro-l-(3 ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4- trifluoromethyl) benzene/ either alone or in combination with other herbicides for weed control in coffee and plantain. All the experiments were carried out on small plots arranged either in a partially balanced incomplete block design or in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Weed control ratings and phytotoxicity evaluations were made periodically. The number and weight of fruits of plantain were recorded at the harvest and yield data analyzed statistically. In coffee, Oxyfluorfen (Goal) alone at 2.0 and 4.0 1/ha or mixed with Paraquat at 2.0 1/ha and Glyphosate at 4.7 1/ha gave excellent control of weeds in two established coffee plantains. Similar results were obtained with a newly transplanted coffee plantation. In plantain, Oxyfluorfen alone at 9.35 and 18.70 1/ha provided excellent pre-emergence control of weeds in plantain. No crop injury was noted at these higher rates of Oxyfluorfen application. Oxyfluorfen at 3.5 1/ha rate in combination with Paraquat at 2.34 1/ha or Glyphosate at 1% concentration gave excellent post-emergent control of weeds with minimum crop injury. Plots treated with Oxyfluorfen at 18.70 1/ha outyielded all other herbicide treated plots including the weeded check.
Monetary policy analysis in a small open economy : development and evaluation of quantitative tools
Creators: name: Vitek, Francis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This doctoral thesis consists of four papers, the unifying theme of which is the development and evaluation of quantitative tools for purposes of monetary policy analysis and inflation targeting in a small open economy. These tools consist of alternative macroeconometric models of small open economies which either provide a quantitative description of the monetary transmission mechanism, or yield a mutually consistent set of indicators of inflationary pressure together with confidence intervals, or both. The models vary considerably with regards to theoretical structure, and are estimated with novel Bayesian procedures. In all cases, parameters and trend components are jointly estimated, conditional on prior information concerning the values of parameters or trend components. The first paper develops and estimates a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium or DSGE model of a small open economy which approximately accounts for the empirical evidence concerning the monetary transmission mechanism, as summarized by impulse response functions derived from an estimated structural vector autoregressive or SVAR model, while dominating that SVAR model in terms of predictive accuracy. The primary contribution of this first paper is the joint modeling of cyclical and trend components as unobserved components while imposing theoretical restrictions derived from the approximate multivariate linear rational expectations representation of a DSGE model. The second paper develops and estimates an unobserved components model for purposes of monetary policy analysis and inflation targeting in a small open economy. The primary contribution of this second paper is the development of a procedure to estimate a linear state space model conditional on prior information concerning the values of unobserved state variables. The third paper develops and estimates a DSGE model of a small open economy for purposes of monetary policy analysis and inflation targeting which provides a quantitative description of the monetary transmission mechanism, yields a mutually consistent set of indicators of inflationary pressure together with confidence intervals, and facilitates the generation of relatively accurate forecasts. The primary contribution of this third paper is the development of a Bayesian procedure to estimate the levels of the flexible price and wage equilibrium components of endogenous variables while imposing relatively weak identifying restrictions on their trend components. The fourth paper evaluates the finite sample properties of the procedure proposed in the third paper for the measurement of the stance of monetary policy in a small open economy with a Monte Carlo experiment. This Bayesian estimation procedure is found to yield reasonably accurate and precise results in samples of currently available size.
Phenotyping non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease by the gut microbiota: Ready for prime time?
Creators: name: Demir, Münevver
name: Lang, Sonja
name: Martin, Anna
name: Farowski, Fedja
name: Wisplinghoff, Hilmar
name: Vehreschild, Maria J. G. T.
name: Krawczyk, Marcin
name: Nowag, Angela
name: Scholz, Claus Jürgen
name: Kretzschmar, Anne
name: Roderburg, Christoph
name: Lammert, Frank
name: Goeser, Tobias
name: Kasper, Philipp
name: Steffen, Hans‐Michael
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: dysbiosis
subject: microbiome
subject: NAFL
subject: NASH
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background and Aim: Several studies observed alterations in the gut microbiota in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, analyzed patient populations and methods strongly differ among these studies. The aim of this study was to prove the reproducibility of published results and to provide a detailed overview of all findings in our NAFLD cohort using next generation sequencing methods. Methods: The individual taxonomic microbiota composition of fecal samples from 90 NAFLD patients and 21 healthy controls was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Study participants were grouped according to their disease stage and compared regarding their gut microbiota composition. Studies were identified from PubMed listed publications, and the results were compared with the findings in our cohort. Results: Results from 13 identified studies were compared with our data. A decreased abundance of the Bacteroidetes and Ruminococcaceae as well as an increased abundance of Lactobacillaceae and Veillonellaceae and Dorea were the most frequently reported changes among NAFLD patients in 4/13, 5/13, 4/13, 2/13, and 3/13 studies, respectively. Even though these alterations in the gut microbiota composition were also observed in our patient cohort, the majority of published differences could not be reproduced, neither in our own nor in other NAFLD cohort studies. Conclusion: Despite repeatedly reproduced abundance patterns of specific bacteria, the heterogeneous study results did not reveal a consistent disease specific gut microbiota signature. Further prospective studies with homogenous patient cohorts and standardized methods are necessary to phenotype NAFLD by the gut microbiota.
On resin synthesis of sulfated oligosaccharides
Creators: name: Tyrikos-Ergas, Theodore
name: Sletten, Eric T.
name: Huang, Jhih-Yi
name: Seeberger, Peter H.
name: Delbianco, Martina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: sulfated oligosaccharides
subject: resin synthesis
subject: sulfated glycans
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Sulfated glycans are involved in many biological processes, making well-defined sulfated oligosaccharides highly sought molecular probes. These compounds are a considerable synthetic challenge, with each oligosaccharide target requiring specific synthetic protocols and extensive purifications steps. Here, we describe a general on resin approach that simplifies the synthesis of sulfated glycans. The oligosaccharide backbone, obtained by Automated Glycan Assembly (AGA), is subjected to regioselective sulfation and hydrolysis of protecting groups. The protocol is compatible with several monosaccharides and allows for multi-sulfation of linear and branched glycans. Seven diverse, biologically relevant sulfated glycans were prepared in good to excellent overall yield.
Integral field observations of DLA galaxies
Creators: name: Christensen, L.
name: Sanchez, S. F.
name: Jahnke, K.
name: Becker, T.
name: Kelz, A.
name: Wisotzki, L.
name: Roth, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report preliminary results from a targeted investigation on quasars containing damped Lyman-alpha absorption (DLA) lines as well strong metal absorption lines, carried out with the Potsdam Multi Aperture Spectrophotometer (PMAS). We search for line-emitting objects at the same redshift as the absorption lines and close to the line of sight of the QSOs. We have observed and detected the already confirmed absorbing galaxies in Q2233+131 (z_abs=3.15) and Q0151+045 (z_abs=0.160), while failing to find spectral signatures for the z=0.091 absorber in Q0738+313. From the Q2233+131 DLA galaxy, we have detected extended Ly-alpha emission from an area of 3"*5".
description: 4 pages, 5 figures; references corrected, redshift typo corrected
Oxyomus Dejean 1833
Creators: name: Skelley, Paul E.
name: Dellacasa, Marco
name: Dellacasa, Giovanni
name: Gordon, Robert D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Aphodiidae
Oxyomus

description: Oxyomus Dejean, 1833
 Oxyomus setosopunctatus Schmidt, 1911b: 15, Mexico.
description: Published as part of Skelley, Paul E., Dellacasa, Marco, Dellacasa, Giovanni & Gordon, Robert D., 2007, Checklist of the Aphodiini of Mexico, Central and South America (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae), pp. 1-14 in Insecta Mundi 2007 (14) on page 6, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4532625
Epsilon-delta proofs for limits in a simplified way
Creators: name: Ul Abideen, Zain
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In this paper, i first give an intuitive introduction to logic used for mathematical proofs and then proceed to formulating the epsilon-delta definition for limits which turn the informal idea of ’approaching’ a limit into rigorously defined mathematics. These epsilon-delta definitions can then be used to deductively prove the existence of a limit. This all only sounds difficult (and cool), no advanced mathematics is required to get a gist of it. The essence of pre-calculus, a strong understanding of algebra, and an open mind would be enough to not only understand it but also extend it.

 

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The interaction of intestinal microbiota and innate lymphoid cells in health and disease throughout life
Creators: name: Ganal‐Vonarburg, Stephanie C.
name: Duerr, Claudia U.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: early life
subject: infectious diseases
subject: innate lymphoid cells
subject: microbiota
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Immunity is shaped by commensal microbiota. From early life onwards, microbes colonize mucosal surfaces of the body and thereby trigger the establishment of immune homeostasis and defense mechanisms. Recent evidence reveals that the family of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which are mainly located in mucosal tissues, are essential in the maintenance of barrier functions as well as in the initiation of an appropriate immune response upon pathogenic infection. In this review, we summarize recent insights on the functional interaction of microbiota and ILCs at steady-state and throughout life. Furthermore, we will discuss the interplay of ILCs and the microbiota in mucosal infections focusing on intestinal immunity.
Oxygen abundances in planet-harbouring stars. Comparison of different abundance indicators
Creators: name: Ecuvillon, A.
name: Israelian, G.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Shchukina, N. G.
name: Mayor, M.
name: Rebolo, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed and uniform study of oxygen abundances in 155 solar type stars, 96 of which are planet hosts and 59 of which form part of a volume-limited comparison sample with no known planets. EW measurements were carried out for the [O I] 6300 Åline and the O I triplet, and spectral synthesis was performed for several OH lines. NLTE corrections were calculated and applied to the LTE abundance results derived from the O I 7771-5 Å triplet. Abundances from [O I], the O I triplet and near-UV OH were obtained in 103, 87 and 77 dwarfs, respectively. We present the first detailed and uniform comparison of these three oxygen indicators in a large sample of solar-type stars. There is good agreement between the [O/H] ratios from forbidden and OH lines, while the NLTE triplet shows a systematically lower abundance. We found that discrepancies between OH, [O I] and the O I triplet do not exceed 0.2 dex in most cases. We have studied abundance trends in planet host and comparison sample stars, and no obvious anomalies related to the presence of planets have been detected. All three indicators show that, on average, [O/Fe] decreases with [Fe/H] in the metallicity range -0.8
description: 19 pages, 11 figures (low resolution), accepted for publication in A&A
GLYPHOSATE FOR WEED CONTROL IN CASSAVA
Creators: name: Liu, Lii-Chyuan
name: Santiago-Cordova, Miguel A.
name: Borrero, Edwin Acevedo
name: Liu, Lii-Chyuan
name: Santiago-Cordova, Miguel A.
name: Borrero, Edwin Acevedo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Two herbicide field experiments were conducted in 1980 at the Corozal and Isabela Agricultural Substations to evaluate Glyphosate /N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine^/ at 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0% applied either as pre-plant or preplant plus post-emergence directed spray for weed control in cassava. Both experiments were carried out on small plots (4.9 x 6.1 m) arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Weed control ratings and phytotoxicity evaluations were made periodically. The edible tubers of cassava were harvested and yield data analyzed statistically. Two applications of Glyphosate (pre-plant plus post-emergence) provided better sustained weed control than a single pre-plant application at both substations. However, two applications of Glyphosate had caused greater crop injury than a single application. Consequently, when plots received two applications, they did not outyield plots with only a single one. Among the different concentration of Glyphosate tested, it is indicated that Glyphosate at 1% applied either pre-plant or post-emergence is sufficiently high enough for controlling major weeds encountered in the experimental plots. Tuber yield of cassava was not significantly increased with higher rates of Glyphosate application.
Expanding the clinical and molecular spectrum of ATP6V1A related metabolic cutis laxa
Creators: name: Vogt, Guido
name: El Choubassi, Naji
name: Herczegfalvi, Ágnes
name: Kölbel, Heike
name: Lekaj, Anja
name: Schara, Ulrike
name: Holtgrewe, Manuel
name: Krause, Sabine
name: Horvath, Rita
name: Schuelke, Markus
name: Hübner, Christoph
name: Mundlos, Stefan
name: Roos, Andreas
name: Lochmüller, Hanns
name: Karcagi, Veronika
name: Kornak, Uwe
name: Fischer‐Zirnsak, Björn
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: ATP6V1A
subject: autosomal recessive cutis laxa
subject: Golgi apparatus
subject: hypotonia
subject: progeroid features
subject: v-ATPase
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Several inborn errors of metabolism show cutis laxa as a highly recognizable feature. One group of these metabolic cutis laxa conditions is autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 2 caused by defects in v-ATPase components or the mitochondrial proline cycle. Besides cutis laxa, muscular hypotonia and cardiac abnormalities are hallmarks of autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 2D (ARCL2D) due to pathogenic variants in ATP6V1A encoding subunit A of the v-ATPase. Here, we report on three affected individuals from two families with ARCL2D in whom we performed whole exome and Sanger sequencing. We performed functional studies in fibroblasts from one individual, summarized all known probands' clinical, molecular, and biochemical features and compared them, also to other metabolic forms of cutis laxa. We identified novel missense and the first nonsense variant strongly affecting ATP6V1A expression. All six ARCL2D affected individuals show equally severe cutis laxa and dysmorphism at birth. While for one no information was available, two died in infancy and three are now adolescents with mild or absent intellectual disability. Muscular weakness, ptosis, contractures, and elevated muscle enzymes indicated a persistent myopathy. In cellular studies, a fragmented Golgi compartment, a delayed Brefeldin A-induced retrograde transport and glycosylation abnormalities were present in fibroblasts from two individuals. This is the second and confirmatory report on pathogenic variants in ATP6V1A as the cause of this extremely rare condition and the first to describe a nonsense allele. Our data highlight the tremendous clinical variability of ATP6V1A related phenotypes even within the same family.
Observable Signatures of Scotogenic Dirac Model
Creators: name: Guo, Shu-Yuan
name: Han, Zhi-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we make a detailed discussion on the phenomenology of the scotogenic Dirac model, which could accommodate the Dirac neutrino mass and dark matter. We have studied the LFV processes in this model, which are mediated by the charged scalar $ϕ^\pm$ and heavy fermions $N_i$. The experimental bounds, especially given by decays $μ\to eγ$ and $μ\to 3e$, have put severe constraints on Yukawa $y_Φ$ and masses $m_{N1}$, $m_ϕ$. We select the heavy fermion $N_1$ as dark matter candidate and find the correct relic density is basically by annihilating through another Yukawa $y_χ$. After satisfying LFV and dark matter relic density constraints, we consider the indirect detections of dark matter annihilating into leptons. But the constraints are relatively loose. Then we make a detailed discussion on the dark matter direct detections. Although two Yukawa can both contribute to the direct detection processes, more attention has been paid on the $y_Φ$-related processes as the $y_χ$-related process is bounded loosely. The current and future direct detection experiments have been used to set constraints on the Yukawas and masses. The current direct detections bounds are relatively loose and can barely exclude more parameter region beyond the LFV. For the future direct detection experiments, the excluding capacities can be improved due to larger exposures. The detecting capabilities in the large mass region have not been weakened as the existence of mass enhancement from the magnetic dipole operator $\mathcal{O}_{\rm mag.}$. At last, we briefly discuss the collider signal searching in this model, the most promising signature is pair produced $ϕ^+ϕ^-$ and decay into signal of $\ell^+\ell^-+\not{\!\!E}_T$. The exclusion limits from collider on $m_{N1}$ and $m_ϕ$ have provided a complementary detecting capability compared to the LFV and dark matter detections.
description: 31 pages, 32 figures; JHEP accepted version
Double-resonant extremely asymmetrical scattering of electromagnetic waves in periodic arrays separated by a gap
Creators: name: Gramotnev, D. K.
name: Nieminen, T. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two strong simultaneous resonances of scattering--double-resonant extremely asymmetrical scattering (DEAS)--are predicted in two parallel, oblique, periodic Bragg arrays separated by a gap, when the scattered wave propagates parallel to the arrays. One of these resonances is with respect to frequency (which is common to all types of Bragg scattering), and another is with respect to phase variation between the arrays. The diffractional divergence of the scattered wave is shown to be the main physical reason for DEAS in the considered structure. Although the arrays are separated, they are shown to interact by means of the diffractional divergence of the scattered wave across the gap from one array into the other. It is also shown that increasing separation between the two arrays results in a broader and weaker resonance with respect to phase shift. The analysis is based on a recently developed new approach allowing for the diffractional divergence of the scattered wave inside and outside the arrays. Physical interpretations of the predicted features of DEAS in separated arrays are also presented. Applicability conditions for the developed theory are derived.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Random Walk with Shrinking Steps
Creators: name: Krapivsky, P. L.
name: Redner, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We outline basic properties of a symmetric random walk in one dimension, in which the length of the nth step equals lambda^n, with lambda<1. As the number of steps N-->oo, the probability that the endpoint is at x, P_{lambda}(x;N), approaches a limiting distribution P_{lambda}(x) that has many beautiful features. For lambda<1/2, the support of P_{lambda}(x) is a Cantor set. For 1/2<=lambda<1, there is a countably infinite set of lambda values for which P_{lambda}(x) is singular, while P_{lambda}(x) is smooth for almost all other lambda values. In the most interesting case of lambda=(sqrt{5}-1)/2=g, P_g(x) is riddled with singularities and is strikingly self-similar. The self-similarity is exploited to derive a simple form for the probability measure M(a,b)= int_a^b P_g(x) dx.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 2-column revtex4 format. For submission to American Journal of Physics. The 2nd version contains various revisions in response to referee comments; to appear in AJP
An Optical Survey of the Position Error Contours of Unidentified High Energy Gamma-Ray Sources at Galactic Latitude b >|20| degrees
Creators: name: Bloom, S. D.
name: Dale, D. A.
name: Cool, R.
name: Dupczak, K.
name: Miller, C.
name: Haugsjaa, A.
name: Peters, C.
name: Tornikoski, M.
name: Wallace, P.
name: Pierce, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the most recent results of an optical survey of the position error contours ("error boxes") of unidentified high energy gamma-ray sources.
description: 1 figure, 3 tables, to be published in Astronomical Journal
STUDIES ON THE BIOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR OF THE WEST INDIAN SWEET POTATO WEEVIL, EUSCEPES POSTFASCIATUS (FAIRMAIRE) (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)
Creators: name: Alleyne, E. H.
name: Alleyne, E. H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: The West Indian sweet potato weevil, Euscepes postfasciatus (Fairmaire) is the major insect pest of sweet potatoes in Barbados. All immature stages occur within the tuber or stem. Eggs are laid singly in punctures just below the epidermis, larvae move inward as they feed and the pupae are produced within larval chambers. The developmental period from egg to adult takes 29 days. Adults, however, can survive for up to 252 days and females lay an average of approximately 179 eggs. The adults are winged but flightless and dispersal is mainly by propagative cuttings (slips) and perhaps mechanical means. Control of the insect by insecticides has been most unsatisfactory, and varietal resistance seems to offer better control possibilities.
VARIETAL RESISTANCE AS A CONTROL STRATEGY AGAINST THE WEST INDIAN SWEET POTATO WEEVIL, EUSCEPES POSTFASCIATUS (FAIRMAIRE) ON SWEET POTATOES IN BARBADOS
Creators: name: Alleyne, E. H.
name: Alleyne, E. H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Twenty-one sweet potato varieties are assessed at two locations for resistance to the West Indian sweet potato weevil, Euscepes postfasciatus (Fairmaire). All varieties are susceptible, although B-63-726, the most highly acceptable variety, showed some resistant qualities. Insect populations were generally very high at the Central Agronomic Research Station, one of the trial sites, and extensive tuber damage resulted. C-104, 0/100 and T-62 were the ones most seriously affected. A26/100, A26/86, T-57 and 0/100 yielded poorly at both sites. Excellent yields were obtained from the Fairview trial site. Tubers of most varieties are relatively free of infestation for the greater part of their growing period. Proper timing of harvest of tubers, enables relatively insect-free tubers to be obtained.
Novel region based fMRI analysis using invariant moment descriptors
Creators: name: Ng, Bernard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A new functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analysis approach based on invariant spatial descriptors was developed for quantitative characterization of brain activation patterns within a region of interest (ROI). In particular, the feasibility of using three dimensional moment invariants (3DMIs) to perform such spatial characterization was examined. The use of spatial descriptors is particularly novel in the field of ROI-based fMRI analysis, since up till now, only magnitude-based features were traditionally employed, which neglect the information encoded by voxel locations within an ROI. The invariance properties of the proposed descriptors to similarity transformations account for inter-subject variability in brain size and subject's orientation within the MR scanner, thus allowing for spatial distributions of activation statistics to be meaningfully compared across subjects. Enhanced sensitivity in detecting task-related activation differences as compared to traditional magnitude-based methods was demonstrated with real fMRI data. To handle the issue of feature selection, a modified linear discriminant analysis (LDA) procedure that incorporates leave-one-out cross-validation was developed. Also, methods to deal with the two main issues in ROI-based fMRI group analysis, namely errors in ROI delineation and inclusions of voxels falsely deemed active, were proposed. One method involves remapping the coordinate space with a Gaussian function, which in effect de-emphasizes voxels near the ROI boundary, thus also accounts for inter-subject variability in brain shapes. The other method detects outlier voxels that exhibit disproportional influence on the proposed invariant spatial descriptors, and deweights or removes those voxels accordingly. Testing these processing methods on real fMRI data showed further increase in discriminability of task-related activation differences compared to the original 3DMIs alone. To fully exploit the spatio-temporal structure inherent in fMRI data, we extended our spatial characterization approach into the spatio-temporal domain. We showed, for the very first time, that the modulation of the spatial distribution of BOLD signals does in fact correlate with the stimulus, and provides greater sensitivity in detecting activated ROIs and in discriminating task-related differences as compared to traditional mean intensity-based methods. The neuroscience implications of our findings are substantial, and might hence provide brain researchers and clinicians a new promising direction to explore.
title: Representational redescription and the development of cognitive flexibility
Creators: name: Spensley, Mary Fiona
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1995

description: Karmiloff-Smith (e.g. 1986, 1992) has suggested that 'cognitive flexibility' is the result of a series of three representational redescriptions. These redescriptions are carried out by endogenous metaprocesses operating directly on the representations. Representational redescription accounts only for development beyond 'behavioural success', the stimulus to the redescription being stability at a previous level.

Many features of the Representational Redescription theory are criticised, but the underlying idea that cognitive flexibility is associated with representational level is maintained. This point is supported by a review and study of planning development arguing that representational development, rather than process development explains increasing flexibility.

Data from children's drawings and block balancing, along with a theoretical analysis of the model indicate that the details of the Representational Redescription theory are not consistent or plausible. In particular the concepts of initial procedural representation, endogenous metaprocesses, behavioural success, stability as the spur to development, and implicit information within representations, are rejected.

Removing the constraints of behavioural success suggests a new recursive model, which is proposed as a general developmental mechanism. 'Recursive Re-Representation' views representational redescription as a creative process, and builds on Boden's (1992) computational approach to creativity. Cognitive flexibility is determined by a limited cognitive capacity, the level of 'chunking' in a domain and the possession of an overview of the relevant conceptual space. Chunking is achieved through a re-representation of behaviour and the environment, rather than a direct operation on representations. The BAIRN system (Wallace, Klahr & Bluff, 1987) is suggested as providing the basis for an implementation of Recursive ReRepresentation.

It is argued that the Recursive Re-Representation account which views Representational Redecription as a recursive, creative process provides a more parsimonious approach to representational change throughout development.
title: Water evaporation from solute-containing aerosol droplets
title: Effects of internal concentration and diffusivity profiles and onset of crust formation
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Rezaei, Majid
name: Netz, Roland R.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Flow and the Virus
subject: Reaction rate constants
subject: Thermodynamic states and processes
subject: Sedimentation
subject: Mass diffusivity
subject: Aerosols
subject: Solvents
subject: Proteins
subject: Capillary flows
subject: Biofluids
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: The evaporation of droplets is an important process not only in industrial and scientific applications, but also in the airborne transmission of viruses and other infectious agents. We derive analytical and semi-analytical solutions of the coupled heat and mass diffusion equations within a spherical droplet and in the ambient vapor phase that describe the evaporation process of aqueous free droplets containing nonvolatile solutes. Our results demonstrate that the solute-induced water vapor-pressure reduction considerably slows down the evaporation process and dominates the solute-concentration dependence of the droplet evaporation time. The evaporation-induced enhanced solute concentration near the droplet surface, which is accounted for using a two-stage evaporation description, is found to further slow-down the drying process. On the other hand, the presence of solutes is found to produce a lower limit for the droplet size that can be reached by evaporation and, also, to reduce evaporation cooling of the droplet, which tend to decrease the evaporation time. Overall, the first two effects are dominant, meaning that the droplet evaporation time increases in the presence of solutes. Local variation of the water diffusivity inside the droplet near its surface, which is a consequence of the solute-concentration dependence of the diffusion coefficient, does not significantly change the evaporation time. Crust formation on the droplet surface increases the final equilibrium size of the droplet by producing a hollow spherical particle, the outer radius of which is determined as well.
Paranimbus Schmidt 1913
Creators: name: Skelley, Paul E.
name: Dellacasa, Marco
name: Dellacasa, Giovanni
name: Gordon, Robert D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Aphodiidae
Paranimbus

description: Paranimbus Schmidt, 1913
 Paranimbus longitarsis (Harold, 1860: 615) [Aphodius], Bolivia, new combination.
 Paranimbus penai (Petrovitz, 1970: 229) [Aphodius], Ecuador, new combination.
 Paranimbus peruanus (Erichson, 1834: 237) [Aphodius], Bolivia, Peru.
 Paranimbus zoiai (G. Dellacasa, 1990: 426) [Aphodius], Argentina, Chile, new combination.
description: Published as part of Skelley, Paul E., Dellacasa, Marco, Dellacasa, Giovanni & Gordon, Robert D., 2007, Checklist of the Aphodiini of Mexico, Central and South America (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae), pp. 1-14 in Insecta Mundi 2007 (14) on page 6, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4532625
S2k guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia
Creators: name: Gross, Gerd E.
name: Eisert, Lisa
name: Doerr, Hans Wilhelm
name: Fickenscher, Helmut
name: Knuf, Markus
name: Maier, Philip
name: Maschke, Matthias
name: Müller, Rainer
name: Pleyer, Uwe
name: Schäfer, Michael
name: Sunderkötter, Cord
name: Werner, Ricardo N.
name: Wutzler, Peter
name: Nast, Alexander
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analgesic
subject: Antibodies, Viral
subject: Herpes Zoster
subject: Herpesvirus 3, Human
subject: Neuralgia, Postherpetic
subject: Pain Management
subject: Risk Factors
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The present guidelines are aimed at residents and board-certified specialists in the fields of dermatology, ophthalmology, ENT, pediatrics, neurology, virology, infectious diseases, anesthesiology, general medicine and any other medical specialties involved in the management of patients with herpes zoster. They are also intended as a guide for policymakers and health insurance funds. The guidelines were developed by dermatologists, virologists, ophthalmologists, ENT physicians, neurologists, pediatricians and anesthesiologists/pain specialists using a formal consensus process (S2k). Readers are provided with an overview of the clinical and molecular diagnostic workup, including antigen detection, antibody tests and viral culture. Special diagnostic situations and complicated disease courses are discussed. The authors address general and special aspects of antiviral therapy for herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia. Furthermore, the guidelines provide detailed information on pain management including a schematic overview, and they conclude with a discussion of topical treatment options.
Prevalence of teen dating violence in Europe: A systematic review of studies since 2010
Creators: name: Tomaszewska, Paulina
name: Schuster, Isabell
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: gender
subject: measurement
subject: prevalence
subject: review
subject: teen dating violence victimization and perpetration
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Violence in adolescent relationships is a common problem with numerous negative short- and long-term consequences. Because most of the evidence on teen dating violence (TDV) synthesized in reviews comes from North American studies, this review aimed to compile evidence on prevalence rates of TDV based on studies identified for Europe only. Specifically, we considered different forms of TDV victimization and perpetration, gender differences, and its measurement. A systematic literature search of the most popular databases Ebsco and PubMed yielded a total of N = 34 studies, with most of the studies identified for Spain, and only a few studies in other European countries. In sum, the results revealed a great variability in prevalence rates across and within the European countries, a common pattern of gender differences, and a wide range of applied measures, corresponding with the evidence from the North American studies. Implications for future research and policy were discussed.
THE EFFECT OF THREE INSECTICIDES AND FOUR BAIT-BASE COMBINATIONS FOR THE CONTROL OF CUTWORM CATERPILLARS ON POTATO IN JAMAICA
Creators: name: Suah, J. R. R.
name: Suah, J. R. R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Farm Management

description: Three insecticides were mixed in four bait-base combinations and applied to a potato field with high cutworm infestation. Population and mortality counts were taken 5 days before bait application and 2 and 4 days after. At 4 days after the baits were applied, those with Basudin and Phosvel gave better kills than Sevin, there were no differences between the bases pig meal, citrus pulp, saw dust and coir dust, but Phosvel in pig meal and citrus pulp gave the highest mortality.
Pharaphodius Reitter 1892
Creators: name: Skelley, Paul E.
name: Dellacasa, Marco
name: Dellacasa, Giovanni
name: Gordon, Robert D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Aphodiidae
Pharaphodius

description: Pharaphodius Reitter, 1892
 Pharaphodius (s.l.) oleosus (Harold, 1871: 260) [Aphodius], Mexico.
description: Published as part of Skelley, Paul E., Dellacasa, Marco, Dellacasa, Giovanni & Gordon, Robert D., 2007, Checklist of the Aphodiini of Mexico, Central and South America (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae), pp. 1-14 in Insecta Mundi 2007 (14) on page 6, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4532625
Modified Stokes-Einstein Relation for Small Brownian Particles
Creators: name: Zhao, Hanqing
name: Zhao, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Stokes-Einstein (SE) relation has been widely applied to quantitatively describe the Brownian motion. Notwithstanding, here we show that even for a simple fluid, the SE relation may not be completely applicable. Namely, although the SE relation could be a good approximation for a large enough Brownian particle, we find that it induces significant error for a smaller Brownian particle, and the error increases with the decrease of the Brownian particle's size, till the SE relation fails completely when the size of Brownian particle is comparable with that of a fluid molecule. The cause is rooted in the fact that the kinetic and the hydrodynamic effects depend on the size of the Brownian particle differently. By excluding the kinetic contribution to the diffusion coefficient, we propose a revised Stokes-Einstein relation and show that it expands significantly the applicable range.
description: 3 figures
CRIMINALIZATION OF TRIPLE TALAQ, MEDIA TRIAL AND ITS IMPACT ON MUSLIMS OF INDIA: AN ANALYTICAL OVERVIEW
Creators: name: Dr. SAAD ULLAH KHAN
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200104 Media Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: ‘Peace’ being ingrained in the philosophy of Islam has always look forward to strike a cord of harmony with nature, society as well as individuality. Islam does look towards the institution of marriage as a firm union of two believing spirits and considered happy marital life as a prerequisite for husband and wife. However, giving leverage to human rights first over society or social institutions, Islam does support divorce over abusive life empowering the spouses to spend a life devoid of humiliation, suffering and fear. The ‘Triple Talaq’ is also called as Talaq al-bi’dah[1](innovation) which is a clear deviation from the standardized Quranic proceedings. The Indian interpretation of Islam, within the due course of time, have imbibed many non-Islamic traits hence downgrading the virtues and moralities for which Islam stands steadfastly. Though Talaq al bi’dah holds no constitutional ground in majority of the Islamic nations, it does remain valid within the Indian framework. From macro point of view, this research paper is an attempt to look explicitly within the structural framework of divorce as defined by Quran and Sunnah[2]. Next, it will zero in on the concept of divorce as envisaged by Islamic scholars and legislators. Third, it will try to assess that how the criminalization of Talaq al bi’dah will serve the purpose of matrimonial harmony or whether it will further complicate the entire process. Fourth, this paper will assess the significance of media in conducting media trial regarding the Triple Talaq debate. Fifth, the paper will try to assess the impact of criminalization of Triple Talaq on common Indian Muslims by taking the interpretations of experts and scholars into account.
 [1]Talaq al-bid'ah reflects a non-Islamic divorce customs rather than Quranic fundamentals, and it is considered to be a particularly disapproved, though legally valid form of divorce in few orthodox Sunni jurisprudences. According to Islamic tradition, Muhammad (PBUH) denounced the practice of triple talaq, and the second caliph Umar punished husbands who made use of it. [2] The word Sunnah is an Arabic word meaning tradition or way. For Muslims, Sunnah means ‘the way of the prophet’. The Sunnah is made up of the words and actions of Muhammad (PBUH), the prophet of Islam. Muslims believe Muhammad’s (PBUH) life is a good model for them to follow in their own lives.
Preadolescent boys' paths to reading : balancing identity and agency
Creators: name: Brisson, Geneviève
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The major purpose of this qualitative study was to map particular preadolescent boys' paths to reading by taking a look at various elements that might have influenced their path to reading. Data were collected using five individual interviews with boys, ages 11 to 13 years old, and a group interview with all five of them. Questions for both interviews were designed to gather data in relation to my research sub-questions, which came from a preliminary review of the literature. This study explored how various factors —hobbies (e.g. video games, sports) and personal interests (e.g. swords, reptiles, cars), adults as reading mentors, school, perceptions of reading and readers, agency, peers and popular culture — influence five boys' reading paths. Analysis of this data provided the following findings. Hobbies and favourite activities seemed not to influence four of the boys when they chose books, but they were a major influence for the fifth boy. The five boys mentioned series that had an impact both on their attitude towards reading and on their choice of texts. School's influence, however, appeared to be "neutral", but two boys explained that literature circles were an interesting practice because they allowed for discussion with peers. This school literacy activity contributed to these boys' positive attitudes toward reading. Peer recommendations from other readers also influenced the choice of books made by the interviewees. The five pre-adolescent boys appeared to be resisting some cultural and social norms of their peer groups and of masculine discourses: they were reading despite the fact that this activity was not one of the most popular activities among their friends. However, if they did not view reading as a feminine activity, they still perceived certain books as "girls' books", books that no boys would want to read. Finally, none of these elements has been found to have a predominant influence on all the boys: the participants spoke about more than one element that had an influence on their choices of texts as well as on their attitudes towards reading.