cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
State-Space Models and Latent Processes in the Statistical Analysis of Neural Data
Creators: Vidne, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Statistics
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This thesis develops and applies statistical methods for the analysis of neural data. In the second chapter we incorporate a latent process to the Generalized Linear Model framework. We develop and apply our framework to estimate the linear filters of an entire population of retinal ganglion cells while taking into account the effects of common-noise the cells might share. We are able to capture the encoding and decoding of visual stimulus to neural code. Our formalism gives us insight into the underlying architecture of the neural system. And we are able to estimate the common-noise that the cells receive. In the third chapter we discuss methods for optimally inferring the synaptic inputs to an electrotonically compact neuron, given intracellular voltage-clamp or current-clamp recordings from the postsynaptic cell.  These methods are based on sequential Monte Carlo techniques ("particle filtering").  We demonstrate, on model data, that these methods can recover the time course of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs accurately on a single trial. In the fourth chapter we develop a more general approach to the state-space filtering problem.  Our method solves the same recursive set of Markovian filter equations as the particle filter, but we replace all importance sampling steps with a more general Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) step. Our algorithm is especially well suited for problems where the model parameters might be misspecified.
К ВОПРОСУ О ПОНЯТИЯХ «ЧЕСТЬ», «ДОСТОИНСТВО» И «ДЕЛОВАЯ РЕПУТАЦИЯ»
Creators: name: Экмалян Ашот Мамиконович
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: честь
достоинство
деловая репутация
нематериальное благо
моральный вред
материальный ущерб
умаление достоинства

description: Статья посвящена анализу понятий «честь», «достоинство» и «деловая репутация». Показано, что эти понятия являются категориями этики и морального сознания, позволяющими регулировать поведение человека в обществе и отношение окружающих к нему. Доказывается, что они имели и продолжают иметь большое морально-нравственное и практическое значение. Умаление таких нематериальных благ наносит физическим и юридическим лицам моральный вред и материальный ущерб, в связи с чем их честь, достоинство и деловая репутация подлежат защите по законодательству РФ.
УЧАСТИЕ РОССИЙСКИХ ХОЗЯЙСТВУЮЩИХ СУБЪЕКТОВ В СПОРАХ, РАЗРЕШАЕМЫХ МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫМ АРБИТРАЖНЫМ СУДОМ ПРИ МТП
Creators: name: Якимова Екатерина Сергеевна
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: Международный коммерческий арбитраж
суд ICC
арбитражная оговорка

description: Система международного коммерческого арбитража не является статичной и развивается в ответ на развитие экономической ситуации в мире и потребностей заявителей, в том числе изменяются нормативные документы, регулирующие деятельность Международного арбитражного суда при МТП. Как следствие совершенствование регламента функционирования указанных органов приводит к изменению складывающейся практики разрешения споров, что делает тему настоящей работы актуальной, а также необходимым проведение анализа их особенностей с целью выявления наиболее проблемных аспектов.
The association between gender nonconformity and mental health – Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis (Duplicate for Peer Review
Creators: name: Michael, Tanja
name: Schäfer, Sarah
name: Issler, Tobias Christoph
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mental Disorders
subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Health Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Important: This is a duplicate of another pre-registration for the purpose of peer review. The original preregistration was published on November 04, 2022.

The present registration contains the protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between gender nonconformity and mental health. Furthermore moderator effects of gender, sexual orientation, gender nonconformity measures, study design (cross-sectional vs. longitudinal), reference age (i.e., childhood gender nonconformity vs. current gender nonconformity), and cultural aspects will be analyzed.
Entropy flow and De Bruijn's identity for a class of stochastic differential equations driven by fractional Brownian motion
Creators: name: Choi, Michael C. H.
name: Lee, Chihoon
name: Song, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Motivated by the classical De Bruijn's identity for the additive Gaussian noise channel, in this paper we consider a generalized setting where the channel is modelled via stochastic differential equations driven by fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter $H\in(0,1)$. We derive generalized De Bruijn's identity for Shannon entropy and Kullback-Leibler divergence by means of Itô's formula, and present two applications. In the first application we demonstrate its equivalence with Stein's identity for Gaussian distributions, while in the second application, we show that for $H \in (0,1/2]$, the entropy power is concave in time while for $H \in (1/2,1)$ it is convex in time when the initial distribution is Gaussian. Compared with the classical case of $H = 1/2$, the time parameter plays an interesting and significant role in the analysis of these quantities.
description: 12 pages. To appear in Probab. Engrg. Inform. Sci
Vangueria infausta subsp. rotundata Verdc.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Gentianales
Rubiaceae
Vangueria
Vangueria infausta
Vangueria infausta burch. subsp. rotundata (robyns) verdc.

description: Vangueria infausta Burch. subsp. rotundata (Robyns) Verdc.  —
Habit: Shrub or small tree.
Habitat: LMDF; up to 2 200 m. Distribution: II.
Voucher: N/A.
References: Bussmann (1994), Bussmann & Beck (1995a).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 75, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Neutrino oscillations beyond two flavours
Creators: name: Akhmedov, E. Kh.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review some theoretical aspects of neutrino oscillations in the case when more than two neutrino flavours are involved. These include: approximate analytic solutions for 3-flavour (3f) oscillations in matter; matter effects in nu_mu - nu_tau oscillations; 3f effects in oscillations of solar, atmospheric, reactor and supernova neutrinos and in accelerator long-baseline experiments; CP and T violation in neutrino oscillations in vacuum and in matter; the problem of U_{e3}; 4f oscillations.
description: LaTeX, 10 pages, 5 figures, Invited talk at the XXth Internat. Conf. on Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics (Neutrino 2002), Munich, Germany, May 25-30, 2002
title: Benzyldialkylphosphinimide : 6. Mitt. über Sila-Riechstoffe und Riechstoff-Isostere
Creators: name: Wannagat, Ulrich
name: Münstedt, Rainer
Publisher: name: Goltze
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Abhandlungen der BWG
subject: 54

description: Die Titelverbindungen (E) C6H5CH2-PRR' = NH (R,R = Methyl, Ethyl) wurden entsprechend der in den Schemata 2 und 3 aufgezeigten Wege mit guten Ausbeuten dargestellt und in ihrer Struktur durch Elementaranalysen, lH- und 31P-NMR-, Massen- und IR-Spektren abgesichert. Sie lassen sich unter vermindertem Druck nicht destillieren, sondern zersetzen sich bereits ab l00°C thermisch unter Stilbenbildung. Von Deuterochloroform werden sie in C6H5CH2-PRR' = ND übergeführt. Diese Reaktionen lassen auf Umlagerungen C6H5CH2-PRR' = NH <-> C6H5CH = PRR'-NH2 schließen. Die Verbindungen E riechen nach chlorierten Kohlenwasserstoffen mit metallischer Beinote und somit völlig anders als die isosteren Silanole C6H5CH2-SiRR'-OH mit ihrer intensiv blumigen Note. Diese Beobachtungen stehen im Gegensatz zu der Geruchstheorie von AMOORE, wonach Größe und Gestalt eines Duftstoffmoleküls für deren Geruchsqualität bestimmend sind.
description: The title compounds (E) C6H5CH2-PRR' = NH (R, R = methyl, ethyl) were prepared according to schemes 2 and 3 and confirmed in their structure by elemental analysis, lH and 31P NMR, mass and infrared spectra. They are not distillable and decompose at temperatures higher than l00°C forming stilbene, and they are transformed by deuterochloroform into C6H5CD2-PRR' = ND. The reactions point to rearrangements C6H5CH2-PRR' = NR <-> C6H5CH = PRR'-NH2. The compounds E have the odour of chlorinated hydrocarbons with a metallic side note and quite a different quality of smell in comparison with the isosteric silanols C6H5CH2-SiRR'-OH with their flowery note of high intensity. The observations are contrary to the theory of AMOORE ("Size and shape of molecules rule their smell qualities").
Selection of shear strength profile for desiccated tailings to support an upstream raise
Creators: name: Williams, D.J.
name: Paterson, S.
name: Yau, R.
name: Goddard, D.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: The shear strength profile of existing tailings is crucial for supporting an upstream embankment raise for a conventional surface slurried tailings storage both safely and with acceptable settlements. The existing tailings will need to be desiccated in order to provide adequate bearing capacity for the raise, and will require geotechnical investigation to demonstrate this. Typical geotechnical investigation methods include in situ vane shear testing and cone penetration testing (CPT), usually including pore pressure measurement and possibly including seismic measurements. The vane shear and CPT may use the same rig. Heavily desiccated tailings may allow direct access using a conventional rig. Otherwise, a rig with wide tracks may be required, or access roadways may have to be constructed over the tailings. The data from these tests are then interpreted to determine the shear strength profile for the desiccated tailings, to enable geotechnical slope stability and settlement analyses of the proposed upstream embankment raise. The paper describes a case study of the geotechnical investigation, test data interpretation and geotechnical design considerations for a proposed upstream embankment raise on heavily desiccated tailings. The focus is on test data interpretation, which is an area that is often deficient.
Roots of $L$-functions of characters over function fields, generic linear independence and biases
Creators: name: Perret-Gentil, Corentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We first show joint uniform distribution of values of Kloosterman sums or Birch sums among all extensions of a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$, for almost all couples of arguments in $\mathbb{F}_q^\times$, as well as lower bounds on differences. Using similar ideas, we then study the biases in the distribution of generalized angles of Gaussian primes over function fields and primes in short intervals over function fields, following recent works of Rudnick--Waxman and Keating--Rudnick, building on cohomological interpretations and determinations of monodromy groups by Katz. Our results are based on generic linear independence of Frobenius eigenvalues of $\ell$-adic representations, that we obtain from integral monodromy information via the strategy of Kowalski, which combines his large sieve for Frobenius with a method of Girstmair. An extension of the large sieve is given to handle wild ramification of sheaves on varieties.
description: 41 pages. Taking into account the referees' comments. To appear in Algebra & Number Theory
title: Der Satz von HOLDITCH in der isotropen Ebene
Creators: name: Röschel, Otto
Publisher: name: Goltze
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Abhandlungen der BWG
subject: 510

description: Der klassische Satz von HOLDITCH aus dem Jahr 1858 war in letzter Zeit mehrfach Gegenstand bemerkenswerter Untersuchungen und Verallgemeinerungen. Gleichzeitig wurde versucht, diesen Satz für Regelflächen auszusprechen oder ihn in nichteuklidische Ebenen zu übertragen. Da nun auch die Kinematik der isotropen Ebene eingehend studiert wurde, soll hier versucht werden, eine Verallgemeinerung des Satzes von HOLDITCH für die isotrope Ebene zu beweisen.
description: In this paper we show, that the classical theorem of HOLDITCH also holds in the isotropic plane. Than we give an interpretation for the only invariant M, which determines the area of the point - paths of a periodic motion in the isotropic plane.
ПРАВОВОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ ТРАНСПОРТНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
Creators: name: Землин Александр Игоревич
name: Антимонов Даниил Михайлович
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: транспортная безопасность
техническое регулирование
железнодорожный транспорт
угрозы транспортной безопасности
правовое регулирование транспортной безопасности

description: В статье, с применением методики правового анализа исследуются действующие источники права, которые определяют направление государственной политики в области обеспечения безопасности на железнодорожном транспорте, и делается вывод о том, какие меры необходимо предпринять отечественному законодательному органу для совершенствования правового регулирования в рассматриваемой сфере. С помощью сравнительно-правового метода был проанализирован опыт США и Израиля в обеспечении транспортной безопасности. Также в статьи использован метод системно-правового анализа, с помощью которого произведен анализ понятия «транспортная безопасность» применительно к железнодорожному транспорту, при формально-юридическом подходе определены основные угрозы такой безопасности, возникающие именно на транспорте. Сделанный вывод в статье позволяет определить тенденции правового регулирования в области безопасности на железнодорожном транспорте, определить в дальнейшем проведение государственной политики в данной сфере, обозначить перспективу совершенствования технического регулирования для обеспечения безопасности на транспорте.
title: Zur Existenz von Markov-Prozessen höherer Ordnung
Creators: name: Henze, Ernst
Publisher: name: Goltze
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Abhandlungen der BWG
subject: 510

description: In früheren Arbeiten haben der Verfasser und andere Autoren schon Ergebnisse zur Beantwortung der Frage nach der Existenz Markovscher Prozesse - speziell Markovscher Ketten - angegeben.
In der vorliegenden Abhandlung sollen nun diese Resultate, die die Nichtexistenz solcher Prozesse unter sehr allgemeinen Bedingungen zeigten, gestrafft werden. Dabei ist die primäre Idee, daß die im allgemeinen in der gesamten Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie gemachte Annahme, daß nämlich Zufallsvariable meßbare, injektive Abbildungen X: [Omega] -> [Fraktur X] sind, auch hier konsequent verfolgt wird. Das bedeutet mit anderen Worten, daß man sich auf die nach CHUNG oder DYNKIN sog. Standardversionen - oder entsprechende einseitige Forderungen bei der Parameterannäherung - beschränkt, was aber vernünftig und zumindest für alle Anwendungen keine Einschränkung ist.
Zum allgemeinen Verständnis der Problemstellungen ist auch eine kurze Wiederholung von Ergebnissen der früheren Arbeiten notwendig.
Dabei werden wir uns auch hier, wie in den früheren Arbeiten, auf Markov-Prozesse zweiter Ordnung beschränken, weil die Ergebnisse ganz offensichtlich sofort auf solche Prozesse beliebiger, endlicher Ordnung zu übertragen sind.
Additional file 2: of Analysis of geographic location and pathways for influenza A virus infection of commercial upland game bird and conventional poultry farms in the United StatesÂ of America
Creators: name: Ssematimba, Amos
name: Charles, Kaitlyn St.
name: Bonney, Peter
name: Sasidhar Malladi
name: Culhane, Marie
name: Goldsmith, Timothy
name: Halvorson, David
name: Cardona, Carol
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S2. List of production practices compared between industry groups (i.e., commercial upland game bird industry and conventional poultry). The data within this supplementary table outlines which production practices that were compared between industry groups, broken down into the categories of Husbandry, Marketing, Personnel, Equipment, and Vehicles. Within each category, subcategories are defined as appropriate. Categories and subsequent subcategories were derived from information outlined in the Poultry Industry Manual [12]. (DOCX 36 kb)
Statesmen, Soldiers, and Strategy: The Influence of Civil-Military Relations on U.S. National Security Decision-Making
Creators: Zagorcheva, Dessie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: International relations
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This dissertation analyzes how statesmen and soldiers make decisions on war and peace and identifies key linkages between a state's civil-military relations and its international relations. It shows that there is a clear connection between a state's civil-military relations and the making of strategy. This study analyzes how different patterns of civil-military relations affect a state's propensity to use military force, as well as its ability to design effective military strategies to achieve its political objectives. It develops a framework, which allows us to derive hypotheses as to the conditions under which policy-makers would be more likely to make informed decisions on the use of force. The dissertation studies how top decision-makers process information and advice and the political and psychological dynamics that affect the policy-making process. I show that firm civilian control, while necessary, is not a sufficient condition and does not automatically translate into effective national security decision-making or victorious military strategies. Even wealthy and powerful states with firm control over their militaries have paid, at times, enormous cost in blood and treasure due to poorly-conceived diplomatic and military strategies. In the coming years, we are certain to have many occasions when the U.S. uses or considers the use of military force. That is why scholars should continue studying the dynamics of the relations between civilian and military leaders at the pinnacle of government and their effect on the making of military strategy and national security policy.
Anisotropic Mass Segregation in Rotating Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Szölgyén, Ákos
name: Meiron, Yohai
name: Kocsis, Bence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the internal dynamics of anisotropic, rotating globular clusters with a multimass stellar population by performing new direct N-body simulations. In addition to the well-known radial mass segregation effect, where heavy stars and stellar remnants sink toward the center of the cluster, we find a mass segregation in the distribution of orbital inclinations as well. This newly discovered anisotropic mass segregation leads to the formation of a disk-like structure of massive objects near the equatorial plane of a rotating cluster. This result has important implications on the expected spatial distribution of black holes in globular clusters.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ТОВАРНОГО ЗНАКА ИЛИ ПАРОДИЯ НА НЕГО?
Creators: name: Рахматулина Римма Шамильевна
name: Донаканян Лейли Антраниковна
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: товарный знак
интеллектуальная деятельность
пародия
правообладатель
потребитель
авторское право

description: На сегодняшний день нас окружает большое количество товарных знаков. Многие товарные знаки имеют достойную репутацию и для потребителей становятся узнаваемыми, отражая качество продукции. Автор статьи отвечает на вопрос: как действовать правообладателю товарных знаков, если кто-то захочет использовать пародию на известное обозначение для своих целей? Понимая, что чужой товарный знак является популярным, можно создать на его основе свой собственный «шутливый» бренд для реализации товаров и услуг. Автор статьи рассуждает, может ли такая переработка и последующее использование товарного знака нарушать права правообладателя.
Dynamics of a self-gravitating thin string in scalar-tensor theories of gravitation
Creators: name: Boisseau, B.
name: Linet, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the dynamics of a self-gravitating string in the scalar-tensor theories of gravitation by considering a thin tube of matter to describe it. For a class of solutions, we obtain in the generic case that the extrinsic curvature of the world sheet of the central line is null in the limit where the radius of the string tends to zero. However, if we impose a specific constraint on the behaviour of the solution then we find that only the mean curvature of the world sheet of the central line vanishes which is just the Nambu-Goto dynamics. This analysis can include the massless dilatonic theories of gravity.
description: 10 pages, latex, no figures
States of Honor: Sexual Ethics and the Politics of Promiscuity in Afghanistan
Creators: Ahsan, Sonia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Promiscuity
Ethnology
Sexual ethics
South Asians

description: This dissertation is based on field-work conducted at a khane-aman (home of peace) in Kabul in 2011-2012. In this dissertation, I have argued that the Afghan state vacillates between a rational-honorable mode and an unintelligible promiscuous mode. In its rational-honorable mode, the state institutes norms and regulations and develops institutional infrastructures for their implementation. The state also manifests another mode, which I am calling a promiscuous mode. To engage in promiscuity is to cater to the basest and most abject fantasies, to indulge in the regions of precariousness and vulnerability. This vacillation produces the Afghan state as both feared and desired, as transparent and opaque. Carnal punishments like flogging or stoning render present the distant force of the law into the context of everyday lives. Here the state takes on a different presence, a promiscuous one, in which the spectacular threat of violence is brought into the midst of the communal formations. Once the state institutes these punishments, it opens up the possibility of misplaced blames and wrongful retribution. It is in these realms of indecorum and solecism that the state reinvents and reveals itself.
Ehretia cymosa var. silvatica Brenan
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Boraginales
Ehretiaceae
Ehretia
Ehretia cymosa
Ehretia cymosa thonn. var. silvatica (gürke) brenan

description: Ehretia cymosa Thonn. var. silvatica (Gürke) Brenan  —
Habit: Small tree.
Habitat: LMWF; up to 2 300 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: Meru Forest, Alt. 1 682 m, 9 Aug. 2015, SAJIT 003906 (HIB).
References: Fries (1923a), Bussmann (1994), Bussmann & Beck (1995a).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 78, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Possibility of the odderon discovery via observation of charge asymmetry in the diffractive pi+pi- production at HERA
Creators: name: Ginzburg, I. F.
name: Ivanov, I. P.
name: Nikolaev, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interference between the Pomeron and possible odderon mechanisms of diffractive pi+pi- photoproduction results in charge asymmetry of the produced pions. The observation of charge asymmetry of pions at moderate M_{pi+pi-} will be an undoubted signal of odderon existence. To make numeral estimates more definite, we limit ourselves by the region M_{pi+pi-} = 1.1 -- 1.5 GeV, where in the odderon mechanism of dipion production, the production via single f_2(1270) resonance is expected to be dominant. We find a very statistically significant effect of the odderon induced charge asymmetry even with very modest estimates for the f_2 photoproduction cross section (without referring to any particular model of the odderon).
description: LaTeX, 16 pages, 2 figures, expanded discussion, changes to abstract, slight correction of the title
The Origin of Cosmic Rays: How Their Composition Defines Their Sources and Sites, and the Processes of Their Mixing, Injection and Acceleration
Creators: name: Lingenfelter, Richard E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galactic cosmic-ray source compositions, (Z/H)GCRS from H to Pb and ~10^8 - 10^14 eV, differ from solar-local interstellar, (Z/H)SS or (Z/H)ISM by ~20-200x. Both are mostly just mixes of core collapse (CCSN) and thermonuclear (SN Ia) supernova ejecta. The (Z/H)ISM come from steady unbiased accumulation over Gyrs. But the cosmic ray mass mixing ratio, universal ISM/CCSN ~4:1 of swept-up ISM and ~10x metallicity ejecta show that (Z/H)GCRS come from basic Sedov-Taylor bulk mixing of homologous, expanding CCSN in their OB cluster self-generated superbubbles, further enriched by highly biased grain-sputtering injection during diffusive shock acceleration (DSA). Moreover, this mixing ratio now reveals that the cosmic rays are primarily accelerated as their evolving reverse shock radius and energy passes through their maxima. Refractories and volatiles, first deposited in fast ejecta and ISM grains in freely expanding ejecta, are simultaneously Coulomb-sputtered FCS by turbulent H and He as suprathermal ions into DSA that carries them to cosmic-ray energies. This bulk mixing selectively increases source mix abundancies (Z/H)SM / (Z/H)SS by ~2-10; and injection by grain condensation and implantation fractions FGC, by another ~6, while Z^0.67 Coulomb grain sputtering enrichments FCS give an added ~4-20. Applying these basic processes of mixing and injection to solar system (Z/H)SS produces grain-injected, source-mix (Z/H)SMGI that match major cosmic ray abundances (Z/H)GCRS to within 35 % with no free parameters. Independently confirming grain injection, (Z/H)GCRS shows no detectable contribution of Fe from SN Ia, although producing ~1/2 Fe in ISM, but there is also no dust in SN Ia remnants, unlike CCSN.
description: 44 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables
Additional file 2: of Comparison of the efficiency of different cell lysis methods and different commercial methods for RNA extraction from Candida albicans stored in RNAlater
Creators: name: RodrĂ­Guez, Antonio
name: Vaneechoutte, Mario
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Table S1. RNA yield and quality for different RNA extraction methodsa. (PDF 178 kb)
Myosotis keniensis T. C. E. Fr.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Boraginales
Boraginaceae
Myosotis
Myosotis keniensis

description: Myosotis keniensis T.C.E.Fr.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: HZ, AZ, NZ; 2 900–4 700 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: Between Meru Lodge and Urumandi Hut, Alt. 3000 m, 13 Oct. 1985, Beentje 2457 (EA).
References: Fries (1923a), Young & Peacock (1985), Verdcourt (1991), Bussmann (1993, 1994), Abdi (2013), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 78, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Tenthredo memoriaescalerai Haris 2004
Creators: name: Taeger, Andreas
name: París, Mercedes
name: Nieves-Aldrey, Jose Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredo
Tenthredo memoriaescalerai

description: Tenthredo memoriaescalerai Haris, 2004
A valid species, Tenthredo (Tenthredella) memoriaescalerai Haris 2004.
Types. Tenthredo memoriaescalerai Haris, 2004a: 156–158. Holotype ♀, “ Sikkim ”, (MNCN_Ent 100201; figures see http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.759871). Type locality: India, Sikkim. Paratypes: 2 ♀ (MNCN_ Ent 100202 and 100203), “ Sikkim ”, MNCN Cat. Tipos Nº 9889.
Discussion. The species shows affinities with T. variicolor Malaise, 1945 and T. ferruginea Schrank, 1776. It is to be placed in the subgenus Tenthredella Rohwer, 1910.
description: Published as part of Taeger, Andreas, París, Mercedes & Nieves-Aldrey, Jose Luis, 2014, The type specimens of sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, pp. 103-138 in Zootaxa 3790 (1) on pages 122-123, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3790.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/4914035
A solvable model of the evolutionary loop
Creators: name: Peliti, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A model for the evolution of a finite population in a rugged fitness landscape is introduced and solved. The population is trapped in an evolutionary loop, alternating periods of stasis to periods in which it performs adaptive walks. The dependence of the average rarity of the population (a quantity related to the fitness of the most adapted individual) and of the duration of stases on population size and mutation rate is calculated.
description: 6 pages, EuroLaTeX, 1 figure
Feedback-Induced Quantum Phase Transitions Using Weak Measurements
Creators: name: Ivanov, D. A.
name: Ivanova, T. Yu.
name: Caballero-Benitez, S. F.
name: Mekhov, I. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that applying feedback and weak measurements to a quantum system induces phase transitions beyond the dissipative ones. Feedback enables controlling essentially quantum properties of the transition, i.e., its critical exponent, as it is driven by the fundamental quantum fluctuations due to measurement. Feedback provides the non-Markovianity and nonlinearity to the hybrid quantum-classical system, and enables simulating effects similar to spin-bath problems and Floquet time crystals with tunable long-range (long-memory) interactions.
description: to be published in Phys. Rev. Lett
Detecting Radio Emission from Cosmic Ray Air Showers and Neutrinos with a Digital Radio Telescope
Creators: name: Falcke, Heino
name: Gorham, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibilities of measuring ultra-high energy cosmic rays and neutrinos with radio techniques. We review a few of the properties of radio emission from cosmic ray air showers and show how these properties can be explained by coherent ``geosynchrotron'' emission from electron-positron pairs in the shower as they move through the geomagnetic field. This should allow one to use the radio emission as a useful diagnostic tool for cosmic ray research. A new generation of digital telescopes will make it possible to study this radio emission in greater detail. For example, the planned Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR), operating at 10-200 MHz, will be an instrument uniquely suited to study extensive air showers and even detect neutrino-induced showers on the moon. We discuss sensitivities, count rates and possible detection algorithms for LOFAR and a currently funded prototype station LOPES. This should also be applicable to other future digital radio telescopes such as the Square-Kilometer-Array (SKA). LOFAR will be capable of detecting air-shower radio emission from >2*10^14 eV to ~10^20 eV. The technique could be easily extended to include air shower arrays consisting of particle detectors (KASCADE, Auger), thus providing crucial additional information for obtaining energy and chemical composition of cosmic rays. It also has the potential to extend the cosmic ray search well beyond an energy of 10^21 eV if isotropic radio signatures can be found. Other issues that LOFAR can address are to determine the neutral component of the cosmic ray spectrum, possibly look for neutron bursts, and do actual cosmic ray astronomy.
description: Astropart. Phys., in press, LaTex (elsart.cls included), 29 pages, 4 figures, also available at http://www.mpifr-bonn.mpg.de/staff/hfalcke/publications.html#lofarpaper
ЕДИНСТВЕННОЕ ЖИЛЬЕ ПРИ БАНКРОТСТВЕ ДОЛЖНИКА: ПРЕДОСТАВЛЕНИЕ ИММУНИТЕТА ДЛЯ РОСКОШНОГО ЖИЛЬЯ
Creators: name: Якимова Екатерина Сергеевна
name: Дударова Диана Аслановна
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: исполнительский иммунитет
единственное жилье
злоупотребление правом
кредитор
должник
банкротство

description: В статье рассматриваются актуальные проблемы правового регулирования по вопросу обращения взыскания на единственное жилье должника, которые возникают при обращении взыскания на имущество должника. В статье подчеркивается правовая неопределенность пределов действия исполнительского иммунитета, а также отсутствие законодательно закрепленных норм, регулирующих данные пределы.
Statistical Analysis of Complex Data in Survival and Event History Analysis
Creators: Ling, Hok Kan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Survival
subject: Event history analysis

description: This thesis studies two aspects of the statistical analysis of complex data in survival and event history analysis. After a short introduction to survival and event history analysis in Chapter 1, we proposed a multivariate proportional intensity factor model for multivariate counting processes in Chapter 2. In an exploratory analysis on process data, a large number of possibly time-varying covariates maybe included. These covariates along with the high-dimensional counting processes often exhibit a low-dimensional structure that has meaningful interpretation. We explore such structure through specifying random coefficients in a low dimensional space through a factor model. For the estimation of the resulting model, we establish the asymptotic theory of the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator (NPMLE). In particular, the NPMLE is consistent, asymptotically normal and asymptotically efficient with covariance matrix that can be consistently estimated by the inverse information matrix or the profile likelihood method under some suitable regularity conditions. Furthermore, to obtain a parsimonious model and to improve interpretation of parameters therein, variable selection and estimation for both fixed and random effects are developed by penalized likelihood. We illustrate the method using simulation studies as well as a real data application from The Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC). Chapter 3 concerns rare events and sparse covariates in event history analysis. In large-scale longitudinal observational databases, the majority of subjects may not experience a particular event of interest. Furthermore, the associated covariate processes could also be zero for most of the subjects at any time. We formulate such setting of rare events and sparse covariates under the proportional intensity model and establish the validity of using the partial likelihood estimator and the observed information matrix for inference under this framework.
title: Die Bewegungsachsen gestützter starrer Körper
Creators: name: Dizioglu, Bekir
Publisher: name: Goltze
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Abhandlungen der BWG
subject: 530

description: Die Aufgabe, die Bewegungsachsen eines beliebig gestützten starren Körpers zu bestimmen, ist durch die Arbeiten von Mannheim, Somoff und Ball als gelöst zu betrachten. Trotzdem wird man, wie ich hoffe, nachstehend eine Reihe neuer Definitionen und Sätze finden, die geeignet erscheinen, über die Frage weiteres Licht zu verbreiten. So dürfte der fundamentale Satz, daß jede Bewegung und jeder Kräftezustand zwei Achsen hat, mit allen seinen liniengeometrischen Folgerungen hier zum erstenmal auftreten. Auch die Untersuchung der Sonderformen, welche das in seiner allgemeinsten Gestalt bekannte Achsensystem für dreifache Stützung oder dreifachen Bewegungszwang annehmen kann, ist meines Wissens bisher noch nicht durchgeführt worden. Ich will versuchen, in dem Folgenden eine zusammenhängende Darstellung der synthetischen Konstruktion der Achsensysteme zu geben und dabei das Bekannte möglichst kurz zu fassen.
description: The configuration of the instantaneous screw axes between rigid bodies are investigated. Many contact-point of surfaces are considered. The determination of the screw axis by the constraint guide body is given. The projective and kinematic geometry of the contact-point problems are reduced on the line-geometries. The work is especially important for the manifold of motion for the mechanical parts of the manipulators and robots.
Statistical Issues in Platform Trials with a Shared Control Group
Creators: Overbey, Jessica Ryan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biometry
Clinical trials
Clinical trials--Methodology
Multiplicity (Mathematics)
Error analysis (Mathematics)

description: Platform trials evaluating multiple treatment arms against a shared control are an efficient alternative to multiple two-arm trials. Motivated by a randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of two neuroprotection devices during aortic valve surgery against a control, this dissertation addresses two open questions in the optimal design of these trials. First, to explore whether multiplicity adjustments are necessary in a platform design, simulation studies evaluating the operating characteristics of platform designs relative to independent two-arm trials were conducted. Under the global null hypothesis, relative to a set of two-arm trials, we found that platform trials have slightly lower familywise error; however, conditional error rates for an experimental treatment being declared effective given another was declared effective are above the nominal alpha-level. Adjusting for multiplicity reduces familywise error, but has little impact on conditional error. These studies show that multiplicity adjustments are unnecessary in platform trials of unrelated treatments. Second, to determine the optimal approach for comparing delayed entry arms to the shared control, five methods for incorporating historical controls into two-arm trials were applied to the analyses of simulated open platform trials and compared to pooling all controls. We found that when response rates are constant, pooling yields the lowest error and most precise, unbiased estimates. However, if drift occurs, pooling results in type I error inflation or deflation depending on the direction of drift, as well as biased estimates. Although superior to naive pooling, none of the alternatives explored guarantee error control or unbiased estimates in the presence of drift. Thus, only concurrent controls should be used as comparators in the primary analysis of confirmatory studies. Finally, these findings were applied to assess the design and analysis of the neuroprotection trial.
Astripomoea malvacea var. volkensii Verdc.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Convolvulaceae
Astripomoea
Astripomoea malvacea
Astripomoea malvacea (klotzsch) a.meeuse var. volkensii (dammer) verdc.

description: Astripomoea malvacea (Klotzsch) A.Meeuse var. volkensii (Dammer) Verdc.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMDF; up to 2 300 m. Distribution: II.
Voucher: N/A.
References: Fries & Fries (1927b), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 78, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Statistical Inference for Diagnostic Classification Models
Creators: Xu, Gongjun
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Educational tests and measurements

description: Diagnostic classification models (DCM) are an important recent development in educational and psychological testing. Instead of an overall test score, a diagnostic test provides each subject with a profile detailing the concepts and skills (often called "attributes") that he/she has mastered. Central to many DCMs is the so-called Q-matrix, an incidence matrix specifying the item-attribute relationship.  It is common practice for the Q-matrix to be specified by experts when items are written, rather than through data-driven calibration. Such a non-empirical approach may lead to misspecification of the Q-matrix and substantial lack of model fit, resulting in erroneous interpretation of testing results. This motivates our study and we consider the identifiability, estimation, and hypothesis testing of the Q-matrix. In addition, we study the identifiability  of  diagnostic model parameters under a known Q-matrix. The first part of this thesis is concerned with estimation of the Q-matrix.  In particular, we present definitive answers to the learnability of the Q-matrix for one of the most commonly used models, the DINA model, by specifying a set of sufficient conditions under which the Q-matrix is identifiable up to an explicitly defined equivalence class. We also present the corresponding data-driven construction of the Q-matrix. The results and analysis strategies are general in the sense that they can be further extended to other diagnostic models. The second part of the thesis focuses on  statistical validation of the Q-matrix. The purpose of this study is to provide a statistical procedure to help decide whether to accept the Q-matrix provided by the experts. Statistically, this problem can be formulated as a pure significance testing problem with null hypothesis H0 : Q = Q0, where Q0 is the candidate Q-matrix. We propose a test statistic that measures the consistency of observed data with the proposed Q-matrix. Theoretical properties of the test statistic are studied. In addition, we conduct simulation studies to show the performance of the proposed procedure. The third part of this thesis  is concerned with the identifiability of the diagnostic model parameters when the Q-matrix is correctly specified. Identifiability is a prerequisite for statistical inference, such as parameter estimation and hypothesis testing. We present sufficient and necessary conditions under which the model parameters are identifiable from the response data.
ЭТАПЫ СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКОГО ПЛАНИРОВАНИЯ В ПАО «ГАЗПРОМ НЕФТЬ»
Creators: name: Чусовитин Дмитрий Юрьевич
name: Коробкова Юлия Юрьвна
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: ПАО «Газпром нефть»; стратегическое планирование; долгосрочное планирование; планирование; стратегические план; стратегическое управление

description: научная статья посвящена проведению исследовательского анализа особенностей и характеристики основных этапов стратегического планирования развития предприятия на примере ПАО «Газпром нефть». Актуальность научного исследования на выбранную проблематику обусловлена тем, что эффективность процедуры стратегического планирования организации зависит от соблюдения алгоритма принимаемых действий, соблюдение очередности которых позволяет направить сформированный стратегический план на реализацию важных задач и достижение главных целей развития и масштабирования бизнеса производственной компании. В рамках статьи рассмотрены теоретические аспекты понятия «стратегическое планирование» на предприятии. Перечислены важные принципы, соблюдения которых является важным требованием в рамках стратегического планирования. Проанализированы факторы, которые формируют необходимость стратегического планирования компаний в современных условиях кризиса пандемии коронавируса. Описаны направления программы совершенствования системы стратегического планирования в ПАО «Газпром нефть». Изображен алгоритм разработки стратегического плана в компании ПАО «Газпром нефть». Рассмотрены особенности и характеристика основных этапов стратегического планирования в ПАО «Газпром нефть» согласно их стандарту долгосрочного планирования, принятого еще в 2008 году. В заключении статьи, автором установлено, что такая подробная разработка модели формирования стратегического плана менеджментов компании ПАО «Газпром нефть» позволяет достигнуть наиболее эффективных показателей в рамках стратегического управления и достижения долгосрочного финансового успеха развития бизнеса.
Additional file 1: of Analysis of geographic location and pathways for influenza A virus infection of commercial upland game bird and conventional poultry farms in the United StatesÂ of America
Creators: name: Ssematimba, Amos
name: Charles, Kaitlyn St.
name: Bonney, Peter
name: Sasidhar Malladi
name: Culhane, Marie
name: Goldsmith, Timothy
name: Halvorson, David
name: Cardona, Carol
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1. Complete comparison* of industry group (i.e., commercial upland game bird industry and conventional poultry) practices derived from literature and subject matter experts. *Note that while frequencies and detailed observations were recorded, the qualitative analysis solely focused upon absence vs presence of different practices rather than the frequencies related to specific practices. The data within this supplementary table are the qualitative results for each industry group for the categories and subcategories listed in Additional file 2: :Table S2. Data was determined via semi-structured interviews with the Secure Upland Gamebird Supply Plan Working Group as well as literature (more details provided in methods). Data is provided in the form of qualitative descriptive statements describing the practices. (DOCX 15 kb)