cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Density-dependent quark mean-field model for nuclear matter and neutron stars
Creators: name: Huang, Kaixuan
name: Hu, Jinniu
name: Zhang, Ying
name: Shen, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a density-dependent quark mean-field (DDQMF) model to study the properties of nuclear matter and neutron stars, where the coupling strength between $σ$ meson and nucleon is generated by the degree of freedom of quarks, while other meson coupling constants are regarded as density-dependent ones. Two values for the nucleon effective mass, $M^*_{N0}/M_N=0.556,~0.70$ at the saturation density are chosen based on the consideration of the core-collapse supernova simulation and finite nuclei when the meson-nucleon coupling constants are fixed. We find that the equation of state (EOS) of nuclear matter, the symmetry energy, the mass-radius relations, and the tidal deformabilities of neutron stars with larger nucleon effective mass are more sensitive to the skewness coefficient $J_0$. The EOSs with $M^*_{N0}/M_N=0.70$ are softer when the skewness coefficient $J_0=-800$ MeV. However, the maximum masses of the neutron star can be around $2.32M_\odot$ with $J_0=400$ MeV regardless of the value of the nucleon effective mass. By manipulating the coupling strength of the isovector meson to generate different slopes of symmetry energy, we construct the neutron star EOSs that can satisfy the different variables from the simultaneous mass-radius measurements of PSR J0030+0451, PSR J0740+6620 by the NICER collaboration, the mass-radius relations of HESS J1731-347, and the radius constraints from the gravitational-wave signal GW170817 in the framework of DDQMF model. At the same time, most of these constructed EOSs can also satisfy the constraints of the tidal deformability from GW170817 event.
Sparse random Hamiltonians are quantumly easy
Creators: name: Chi-Fang
name: Chen
name: Dalzell, Alexander M.
name: Berta, Mario
name: Brandão, Fernando G. S. L.
name: Tropp, Joel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A candidate application for quantum computers is to simulate the low-temperature properties of quantum systems. For this task, there is a well-studied quantum algorithm that performs quantum phase estimation on an initial trial state that has a nonnegligible overlap with a low-energy state. However, it is notoriously hard to give theoretical guarantees that such a trial state can be prepared efficiently. Moreover, the heuristic proposals that are currently available, such as with adiabatic state preparation, appear insufficient in practical cases. This paper shows that, for most random sparse Hamiltonians, the maximally mixed state is a sufficiently good trial state, and phase estimation efficiently prepares states with energy arbitrarily close to the ground energy. Furthermore, any low-energy state must have nonnegligible quantum circuit complexity, suggesting that low-energy states are classically nontrivial and phase estimation is the optimal method for preparing such states (up to polynomial factors). These statements hold for two models of random Hamiltonians: (i) a sum of random signed Pauli strings and (ii) a random signed $d$-sparse Hamiltonian. The main technical argument is based on some new results in nonasymptotic random matrix theory. In particular, a refined concentration bound for the spectral density is required to obtain complexity guarantees for these random Hamiltonians.
description: 33 pages, 4 figures
De Sitter horizon entropy from a simplicial Lorentzian path integral
Creators: name: Dittrich, Bianca
name: Jacobson, Ted
name: Padua-Argüelles, José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dimension of the Hilbert space of a quantum gravitational system can be written formally as a path integral partition function over Lorentzian metrics. We implement this in a 2+1 dimensional simplicial minisuperspace model in which the system is a spatial topological disc, and recover by contour deformation through a Euclidean saddle the entropy of the de Sitter static patch, up to discretization artifacts. The model illustrates the importance of integration over both positive and negative lapse to enforce the gravitational constraints, and of restriction to complex metrics for which the fluctuation integrals would converge. Although a strictly Lorentzian path integral is oscillatory, an exponentially large partition function results from unavoidable imaginary contributions to the action. These arise from analytic continuation of the simplicial (Regge) action for configurations with codimension-2 simplices where the metric fails to be Lorentzian. In particular, the dominant contribution comes from configurations with contractible closed timelike curves that encircle the boundary of the disc, in close correspondence with recent continuum results.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures, published version
Pay Less But Get More: A Dual-Attention-based Channel Estimation Network for Massive MIMO Systems with Low-Density Pilots
Creators: name: Zhou, Binggui
name: Yang, Xi
name: Ma, Shaodan
name: Gao, Feifei
name: Yang, Guanghua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To reap the promising benefits of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, accurate channel state information (CSI) is required through channel estimation. However, due to the complicated wireless propagation environment and large-scale antenna arrays, precise channel estimation for massive MIMO systems is significantly challenging and costs an enormous training overhead. Considerable time-frequency resources are consumed to acquire sufficient accuracy of CSI, which thus severely degrades systems' spectral and energy efficiencies. In this paper, we propose a dual-attention-based channel estimation network (DACEN) to realize accurate channel estimation via low-density pilots, by jointly learning the spatial-temporal domain features of massive MIMO channels with the temporal attention module and the spatial attention module. To further improve the estimation accuracy, we propose a parameter-instance transfer learning approach to transfer the channel knowledge learned from the high-density pilots pre-acquired during the training dataset collection period. Experimental results reveal that the proposed DACEN-based method achieves better channel estimation performance than the existing methods under various pilot-density settings and signal-to-noise ratios. Additionally, with the proposed parameter-instance transfer learning approach, the DACEN-based method achieves additional performance gain, thereby further demonstrating the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, 6 tables. Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Fibroadenoma of ectopic breast tissue in the perianal region
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: N R Fieldman
name: M S Mahir
name: A E Siam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer

description: Fibroadenoma of ectopic breast tissue in the perianal region Sir, Ectopic breast tissue can be seen along the milk line, which extends from the axilla to the symphysis pubis. The perianal area can be the extreme limit for the presence of such tissue. Ectopic breast behaves like normal breast in its response to hormones and the development of neoplasia 1,2 and although fibroadenoma and carcinoma can occur, a review of the literature has not identified a previous case of a fibroadenoma arising in ectopic breast tissue in the perianal region. A 47-year old female presented with a 3-month history of a lump in the left perianal region. It was not tender and had not grown in size.
Recent Advances of Deep Robotic Affordance Learning: A Reinforcement Learning Perspective
Creators: name: Yang, Xintong
name: Ji, Ze
name: Wu, Jing
name: Lai, Yu-kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T40

description: As a popular concept proposed in the field of psychology, affordance has been regarded as one of the important abilities that enable humans to understand and interact with the environment. Briefly, it captures the possibilities and effects of the actions of an agent applied to a specific object or, more generally, a part of the environment. This paper provides a short review of the recent developments of deep robotic affordance learning (DRAL), which aims to develop data-driven methods that use the concept of affordance to aid in robotic tasks. We first classify these papers from a reinforcement learning (RL) perspective, and draw connections between RL and affordances. The technical details of each category are discussed and their limitations identified. We further summarise them and identify future challenges from the aspects of observations, actions, affordance representation, data-collection and real-world deployment. A final remark is given at the end to propose a promising future direction of the RL-based affordance definition to include the predictions of arbitrary action consequences.
description: This paper is under review
Hashimoto's thyroiditis shares features with early papillary thyroid carcinoma
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: Blanes, Alfredo
name: S Arif
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Molecular Biology
Medicine
Cell Biology
Cancer

description: Neoplastic transformation is a multistep process that results in a continuous spectrum from the normal (physiological) state to a fully established neoplasm. The gold standard for diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma is conventional histology, the essential element being the characteristic nuclear features, regardless of whether papillary structures are present or not. However, other criteria are being used increasingly in the diagnosis of neoplasms, including immunohistochemical staining and molecular profile. The RET/PTC gene rearrangement is highly specific for papillary thyroid carcinoma and is associated with the characteristic nuclear features seen in papillary thyroid carcinoma. There is an overlap in the morphological features, immunohistochemical staining pattern, and most importantly, molecular profile between papillary thyroid carcinoma and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Although considered a 'benign' condition, Hashimoto's thyroiditis almost always harbours a genetic rearrangement that is strongly associated with and is highly specific for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Submicroscopic foci of papillary thyroid carcinoma must be present in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, although the clinical behaviour is still benign. Further studies are required to predict which foci will progress to papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Harmonic Balance for Differential Constitutive Models under Oscillatory Shear
Creators: name: Mittal, Shivangi
name: Joshi, Yogesh M.
name: Shanbhag, Sachin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Harmonic balance (HB) is a popular Fourier-Galerkin method used in the analysis of nonlinear vibration problems where dynamical systems are subjected to periodic forcing. We adapt HB to find the periodic steady-state response of nonlinear differential constitutive models subjected to large amplitude oscillatory shear flow. By incorporating the alternating-frequency-time scheme into HB, we develop a computer program called FLASH (acronym for Fast Large Amplitude Simulation using Harmonic balance), which makes it convenient to apply HB to any differential constitutive model. We validate FLASH by considering two representative constitutive models, viz., the exponential Phan-Thien Tanner model and a nonlinear temporary network model. In terms of accuracy and speed, FLASH outperforms the conventional approach of solving initial value problems by numerical integration via time-stepping methods often by several orders of magnitude. We discuss how FLASH can be conveniently extended for other nonlinear constitutive models, which opens up potential applications in model calibration and selection, and stability analysis.
description: 41 pages, 9 figures
Contramodules for algebraic groups: induction and projective covers
Creators: name: Johnston, Dylan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G05 (Primary)

description: In this paper we will investigate contramodules for algebraic groups. Namely, we give contra-analogs to two 20th century results about comodules. Firstly, we show that induction of contramodules over coordinate rings of algebraic groups is exact if and only if the associated quotient variety is affine. Secondly, we give an inverse limit theorem for constructing projective covers of simple $G$-modules using $G$-structures of projective covers of simple modules for the first Frobenius kernel, $G_1$.
description: Updated to essentially match journal submission. Includes restructuring of results, typo fixes etc. 19 pages
BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS FOR LAPLACE EQUATIONS WITH VARIABLE ARGUMENTS
Creators: name: Qurbanbaev, Ó.O.
name: Djakaeva, K.D.
name: Joldasbaeva, R.B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Modern technologies related to mathematical modeling, as well as natural science achievements, make it necessary to search for new boundary value problems for any qualitative classes of differential equations. One such problem, along with ordinary differential equations, are boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations, and then a series of sets for such problems can be created [1-3].
Language to Map: Topological map generation from natural language path instructions
Creators: name: Deguchi, Hideki
name: Shibata, Kazuki
name: Taguchi, Shun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, a method for generating a map from path information described using natural language (textual path) is proposed. In recent years, robotics research mainly focus on vision-and-language navigation (VLN), a navigation task based on images and textual paths. Although VLN is expected to facilitate user instructions to robots, its current implementation requires users to explain the details of the path for each navigation session, which results in high explanation costs for users. To solve this problem, we proposed a method that creates a map as a topological map from a textual path and automatically creates a new path using this map. We believe that large language models (LLMs) can be used to understand textual path. Therefore, we propose and evaluate two methods, one for storing implicit maps in LLMs, and the other for generating explicit maps using LLMs. The implicit map is in the LLM's memory. It is created using prompts. In the explicit map, a topological map composed of nodes and edges is constructed and the actions at each node are stored. This makes it possible to estimate the path and actions at waypoints on an undescribed path, if enough information is available. Experimental results on path instructions generated in a real environment demonstrate that generating explicit maps achieves significantly higher accuracy than storing implicit maps in the LLMs.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures. Accepted to IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 2024
Response Style Characterization for Repeated Measures Using the Visual Analogue Scale
Creators: name: Minusa, Shunsuke
name: Matsumura, Tadayuki
name: Esaki, Kanako
name: Shao, Yang
name: Yoshimura, Chihiro
name: Mizuno, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-report measures (e.g., Likert scales) are widely used to evaluate subjective health perceptions. Recently, the visual analog scale (VAS), a slider-based scale, has become popular owing to its ability to precisely and easily assess how people feel. These data can be influenced by the response style (RS), a user-dependent systematic tendency that occurs regardless of questionnaire instructions. Despite its importance, especially in between-individual analysis, little attention has been paid to handling the RS in the VAS (denoted as response profile (RP)), as it is mainly used for within-individual monitoring and is less affected by RP. However, VAS measurements often require repeated self-reports of the same questionnaire items, making it difficult to apply conventional methods on a Likert scale. In this study, we developed a novel RP characterization method for various types of repeatedly measured VAS data. This approach involves the modeling of RP as distributional parameters $θ$ through a mixture of RS-like distributions, and addressing the issue of unbalanced data through bootstrap sampling for treating repeated measures. We assessed the effectiveness of the proposed method using simulated pseudo-data and an actual dataset from an empirical study. The assessment of parameter recovery showed that our method accurately estimated the RP parameter $θ$, demonstrating its robustness. Moreover, applying our method to an actual VAS dataset revealed the presence of individual RP heterogeneity, even in repeated VAS measurements, similar to the findings of the Likert scale. Our proposed method enables RP heterogeneity-aware VAS data analysis, similar to Likert-scale data analysis.
description: Accepted to IEEE Access. Accessible at https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10638535
Operators of quantum theory of Dirac's free field
Creators: name: Cotaescu, Ion I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Pryce (e) spin and position operators of the quantum theory of Dirac's free field were re-defined and studied recently with the help of a new spin symmetry and suitable spectral representations [I. I. Cot\u aescu, Eur. Phys. J. C (2022) 82:1073]. This approach is generalized here associating a pair of integral operators acting directly on particle and antiparticle wave spinors in momentum representation to any integral operator in configuration representation, acting on mode spinors. This framework allows an effective quantization procedure giving a large set of one-particle operators with physical meaning as the spin and orbital parts of the isometry generators, the Pauli-Lubanski and position operators or other spin-type operators proposed so far. A special attention is paid to the operators which mix the particle and antiparticle sectors whose off-diagonal associated operators have oscillating terms producing Zitterbevegung. The principal operators of this type including the usual coordinate operator are derived here for the first time. As an application, it is shown that an apparatus measuring these new observables may prepare and detect one-particle wave-packets moving uniformly without Zitterbewegung or spin dynamics, spreading in time normally as any other relativistic even non-relativistic wave-packet.
description: 54 pages, 2 figures
Kinetic profiles by topographic compartments in muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder: role of TP53 and NF1 genes
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: A Martinez
name: Blanes, Alfredo
name: J Rubio
name: H J Wolfe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Cancer

description: We evaluated 71 muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinomas (TCCs) of the bladder by tumor compartments. Kinetic parameters included mitotic figure counting, Ki-67 index, proliferation rate (DNA slide cytometry), and apoptotic index (in situ end labeling [ISEL] of fragmented DNA using digoxigenin-labeled deoxyuridine triphosphate and Escherichia coli DNA polymerase [Klenow fragment]). At least 50 high-power fields per compartment were screened from the same tumor areas; results are expressed as percentage of positive neoplastic cells. Mean and SD were compared by tumor compartment. DNA was extracted from microdissected samples (superficial and deep) and used for microsatellite analysis of TP53 and NF1 by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Significantly higher marker scores were revealed in the superficial compartment than in the deep compartment. An ISEL index of less than 1% was revealed in 63% (45/71) of superficial compartments and 86% (61/71) of deep compartments. Isolated NF1 alterations were observed mainly in superficial compartments, whereas isolated TP53 abnormalities were present in deep compartments. Lower proliferation and down-regulation of apoptosis define kinetically the deep compartment of muscle-invasive TCC of the bladder and correlate with the topographic heterogeneity, NF1-defective in superficial compartments and TP53-defective in deep compartments.
Optimizing Leapover Lengths of Lévy Flights with Resetting
Creators: name: Radice, Mattia
name: Cristadoro, Giampaolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a one-dimensional search process under stochastic resetting conditions. A target is located at $b\geq0$ and a searcher, starting from the origin, performs a discrete-time random walk with independent jumps drawn from a heavy-tailed distribution. Before each jump, there is a given probability $r$ of restarting the walk from the initial position. The efficiency of a "myopic search" - in which the search stops upon crossing the target for the first time - is usually characterized in terms of the first-passage time $τ$. On the other hand, great relevance is encapsulated by the leapover length $l = x_τ - b$, which measures how far from the target the search ends. For symmetric heavy-tailed jump distributions, in the absence of resetting the average leapover is always infinite. Here we show instead that resetting induces a finite average leapover $\ell_b(r)$ if the mean jump length is finite. We compute exactly $\ell_b(r)$ and determine the condition under which resetting allows for nontrivial optimization, i.e., for the existence of $r^*$ such that $\ell_b(r^*)$ is minimal and smaller than the average leapover of the single jump.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Statistical and Observation Comparison of Weyl-Type $f(Q,T)$ Models with the $Λ$CDM Paradigm
Creators: name: Gadbail, Gaurav N.
name: Chaudhary, Himanshu
name: Bouali, Amine
name: Sahoo, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the $f(Q,T)$ gravity in the framework of Weyl geometry (known as Weyl-type $f(Q,T)$ gravity), where $Q$ denotes the non-metricity scalar, and $T$ denotes the energy-momentum tensor trace. In this work, we consider the $f(Q,T)$ model, which is defined as $f(Q,T)=αQ^{m+1}+\fracβ{6κ^2}T$ and investigating two scenarios: $(I)$ $m=0$ (linear model) and $(II)$ $m\neq 0$ (nonlinear model). For both scenarios, we find the explicit solution for the field equations by using the barotropic equation of state as $p=wρ$, where $w$ is the equation-of-state (EoS) parameter. Further, we study the obtained solutions statistically using the $Pantheon^+$ (Without SHOES Calibrated) dataset with 1701 data points. For both models, the best-fit values of model parameters for $1-σ$ and $2-σ$ confidence level. The higher Hubble constant values in both models emphasize the presence of Tension. We statistically compare our models to the $Λ$CDM model using ${{\protectχ}^2_{min}}$, ${{\protectχ}^2_{red}}$, $AIC$, $ΔAIC$, $BIC$ and $ΔBIC$. We also examine cosmological parameters such as deceleration and EoS parameters to determine the current acceleration expansion of the Universe. Furthermore, we test our model using $Om$ diagnostic and compare it to the $Λ$CDM model to determine its dark energy profile. Finally, we draw the conclusion that statistically speaking, both linear and nonlinear models show good compatibility with the $Λ$CDM model.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Outline of Czech-Vietnamese Relations
Creators: name: Müllerova, Petra
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2021

description: Neben einer Darstellung der wichtigsten historischen Etappen tschechisch-vietnamesischer Beziehungen widmet sich der Aufsatz vor allem kulturellen Aspekten des Verhältnisses. War die Haltung der tschechischen Gesellschaft in den 1960er und 70er Jahren gegenüber der vietnamesischen Diaspora durch Gleichgültigkeit geprägt, erlangten viele Vietnamesen um 1982/83 Ansehen als erfolgreiche Geschäftsleute. Die Annäherungen beider Gesellschaften, die zum Beispiel in einer wachsenden Zahl gemischter Ehen ihren Ausdruck fand, blieb jedoch oberflächlich. Eine tiefgehende Auseinandersetzung und ein fundiertes Verständnis der jeweils anderen sozialen Werte und Normen blieben aus. Der Aufsatz schließt mit der Erkenntnis, daß eine Mehrzahl der Probleme im tschechisch-vietnamesischen Verhältnis der Gegenwart in einem engen Zusammenhang mit den drastischen politischen, ökonomischen und sozialen Transitionen der vergangenen Dekade in beiden Ländern steht.
description: Asien, Nr. 72 (1999): ASIEN (Juli)
Family physicians' involvement and self-reported comfort and skill in care of children with behavioral and emotional problems: a population-based survey
Creators: name: Miller, Anton R.
name: Johnston, Charlotte
name: Klassen, Anne F.
name: Fine, Stuart
name: Papsdorf, Michael
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Background: Little is known about general and family practitioners' (GP/FPs') involvement and confidence in dealing with children with common psychosocial problems and mental health conditions. The aims of this study were to ascertain GP/FPs' preferred level of involvement with, and perceived comfort and skill in dealing with children with behavioral problems, social-emotional difficulties, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and mood disorders; and to identify factors associated with GP/FPs' involvement, comfort and skill. Methods Postal survey of a representative sample of 801 GP/FPs in British Columbia, Canada, which enquired about level of involvement (from primarily refer out to deal with case oneself); ratings of comfort/skill with assessment/diagnosis and management; beliefs regarding psychosocial problems in children; basic demographics; and practice information. Results Surveys were completed by 405 of 629 eligible GP/FPs (64.4%). Over 80% of respondents reported collaborative arrangements with specialists across problem and condition types, although for children with behavior problems or ADHD, more physicians primarily refer (χ² (1) = 9.0; P < 0.005; and χ² (1) = 103.9; P < 0.001, respectively). Comfort/skill levels (mean ± s.d) were higher for mood disorders (4.4 ± 1.3) than behavior problems (3.6 ± 1.1; F [3, 1155] = 84.0, P < .0001; effect size = 0.67), but not different from social-emotional difficulties (3.8 ± 1.1) or ADHD (3.9 ± 1.3). Taking primary responsibility for a case was consistently related to self-reported comfort/skill with each condition type (34% to 61% of variance across condition types), while comfort/skill ratings for each condition were related to exposure to relevant continuing medical education (all P ≤ 0.001), and beliefs that these problems are significant and that GP/FPs have a role to play in dealing with them (P values ranged from 0.01 to <0.001). Conclusion Supporting GP/FPs in their care for children with common psychosocial and mental health problems should include efforts to bolster their confidence and modify attitudes in relation towards these problems, especially behavior problems and ADHD, possibly within innovative continuing education programs.
Picosecond Femtojoule Resistive Switching in Nanoscale VO$_{2}$ Memristors
Creators: name: Schmid, S. W.
name: Pósa, L.
name: Török, T. N.
name: Sánta, B.
name: Pollner, Z.
name: Molnár, G.
name: Horst, Y.
name: Volk, J.
name: Leuthold, J.
name: Halbritter, A.
name: Csontos, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Beyond-Moore computing technologies are expected to provide a sustainable alternative to the von Neumann approach not only due to their down-scaling potential but also via exploiting device-level functional complexity at the lowest possible energy consumption. The dynamics of the Mott transition in correlated electron oxides, such as vanadium dioxide, has been identified as a rich and reliable source of such functional complexity. However, its full potential in high-speed and low-power operation has been largely unexplored. We fabricated nanoscale VO$_{2}$ devices embedded in a broad-band test circuit to study the speed and energy limitations of their resistive switching operation. Our picosecond time-resolution, real-time resistive switching experiments and numerical simulations demonstrate that tunable low-resistance states can be set by the application of 20~ps long, $<$1.7~V amplitude voltage pulses at 15~ps incubation times and switching energies starting from a few femtojoule. Moreover, we demonstrate that at nanometer-scale device sizes not only the electric field induced insulator-to-metal transition, but also the thermal conduction limited metal-to-insulator transition can take place at timescales of 100's of picoseconds. These orders of magnitude breakthroughs open the route to the design of high-speed and low-power dynamical circuits for a plethora of neuromorphic computing applications from pattern recognition to numerical optimization.
Politics of ASEAN-EC/EU Development Cooperation
Creators: name: C. Robles, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2021

description: Mit dem ersten Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) in Bangkok 1996 sind die fast 20jährigen Beziehungen zwischen der ASEAN und der Europäischen Union um ein weiteres, zentrales Dialogforum bereichert warden. Während ASEM und andere institutionelle Ausprägungen des inter-regionalen Verhältnisses Gegenstand zahlreicher wissenschaftlicher Abhandlungen sind, fand jedoch die Kooperation im Bereich der Entwicklungshilfe bisher nur geringe akademische Aufmerksamkeit. Diesem Politikfeld kommt jedoch eine Schlüsselbedeutung zu, da es exemplarisch generelle Aspekte der südostasiatisch-europäischen Beziehungen verdeutlicht. Es kann angenommen werden, daß das ASEAN-EU Verhältnis unter einem Demokratie-Defizit leidet, da gesellschaftliche Akteure von der Gestaltung der offiziellen Beziehungen weitestgehend ausgeschlossen sind. Zumindest im Rahmen der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit hat die Zusammenarbeit aber eine Dynamik entwickelt, an der Vertreter der Zivilgesellschaft einen deutlichen Anteil besitzen. Ferner ist von Bedeutung, daß die ASEAN-Staaten nicht zu Adressaten europäischer Entwicklungshilfe wurden, weil sie entsprechende Zuwendungen gefordert hatten, sondern vielmehr weil ihnen dies von der damaligen EG angeboten worden war.
description: Asien, Nr. 72 (1999): ASIEN (Juli)
Anterior abdominal wall ischaemia in association with multiple myeloma
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: A J Durrani
name: A More
name: N Carver
name: M Shibu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: This article reports a case of anterior abdominal wall ischaemia in a 52-year-old woman with an underlying diagnosis of multiple myeloma. The patient underwent emergency surgical debridement of the affected area. The abdominal wall was subsequently resurfaced with a split skin graft. Histological examination of the excised tissue revealed the cause to be a paraneoplastic vasculopathy with immunoglobulin light chain (lambda-type) deposition in the blood vessels of her abdominal apron secondary to multiple myeloma. Literature review has failed to show previous reports of this condition. The differential diagnosis and aetiology are discussed.
Thermal Emission Decay FTIR Spectroscopy and Phantom Studies for In-vivo Skin Research
Creators: name: McKendrick, Alexander David
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 1995

description: The new technique of Thermal Emission Decay Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (TED-FTIR) has been developed to measure depth resolved thermal emission spectra from localised areas on arbitrary samples without contact with the sample, and without sample preparation. The instrument is based on a combination of Opto-Thermal Transient Emission Radiometry (OTTER) and step-scan Fourier Transform spectroscopy techniques. 
The theoretical basis for the technique is described and criteria for the design of an instrument based on a commercial Fourier Transform spectrometer discussed. The performance of the instrument was evaluated by comparing the measured spectra from homogeneous and layered samples with the spectra of the same materials measured using more established techniques. 
Attempts were made to measure spectra from skin in-vivo, the main focus for this work. The reasons why the signal to noise ratio of the current instrument is poor for such measurements are explained. Improvements to the instrument to overcome these problems are discussed, along with other improvements to enhance the capabilities of the instrument. 
In a second aspect to this work, factors which affect the rise time of delayed peaks in opto-thermal signals were investigated experimentally using physical models (phantoms) which mimic some of the properties of skin. The rise time of these peaks had been proposed as a means of calculating the thickness of the epidermis. 
Factors influencing the design and use of such phantoms is discussed both in general terms and for the specific system. The results from these experiments have identified several properties which have minimal effect on the rise time of the peaks. They have also highlighted the limitations of phantoms for mimicing skin.
EU-ASEAN Trade Relations between Political Rhetoric and Economic Reality
Creators: name: Schumacher, Tobias
name: Hampe, Michael
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2021

description: Nach Meinung der Autoren leidet die Handelskooperation der Europäischen Union (EU) mit der Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) unter einem eklatanten "Legitimationsdefizit", welches durch das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen deklaratorischer Bereitschaft zur Kooperation und einer rigorosen Politik der Marktabschottung gekennzeichnet ist. Zur Untermauerung ihrer These stützen sich die Autoren auf die bislang zugänglichen Daten von Eurostat, Internationalem Währungsfond (IWF) und dem Statistischen Bundesamt im Zeitraum von 1980 bis 1996.
description: Asien, Nr. 72 (1999): ASIEN (Juli)
Performance evaluation of accelerated complex multiple-precision LU decomposition
Creators: name: Kouya, Tomonori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The direct method is one of the most important algorithms for solving linear systems of equations, with LU decomposition comprising a significant portion of its computation time. This study explores strategies to accelerate complex LU decomposition using multiple-precision floating-point arithmetic of the multiple-component type. Specifically, we explore the potential efficiency gains using a combination of SIMDization and the 3M method for complex matrix multiplication. Our benchmark tests compare this approach with the direct method implementation in MPLAPACK, focusing on computation time and numerical errors.
Role of ASEAN in EU-East Asian Relations
Creators: name: Lay Hwee, Yeo
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2021

description: Das ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) und das Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) werden als die wichtigsten Initiativen der ASEAN im Beziehungsgefüge EU - Asien betrachtet. Insbesondere die ASEM profitiert von den lang etablierten Beziehungen, welche die ASEAN zur EU aufgebaut hat, wobei die Verbindung nicht nur durch Höhen, sondern auch Tiefen gefestigt wurde, wie der folgende ArtikeI zeigt. Neben einer Darstellung der organisatorischen Entwicklung der Beziehungen zwischen beiden Regionalismen und einer Analyse von ARF und ASEM beschäftigt sich der Aufsatz auch mit den Auswirkungen der ASEAN-Erweiterung auf das inter-regionale Verhaltnis. Einen weiteren Schwerpunkt bildet schließlich die Auseinandersetzung mit den Konsequenzen der Asienkrise.
description: Asien, Nr. 72 (1999): ASIEN (Juli)
An Investigation of the Non Volatile Decomposition Products in Heated Oils
Creators: name: Palmer, Fiona
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 1995

description: This work describes the development of methods to separate and examine the non volatile decomposition products from heated oils. These methods include: 
i)A Bond Elut procedure that allows a heated oil to be separated into an unchanged triglyceride extract and an extract containing the non triglyceride decomposition products. This enables the major unchanged components of the oil to be separated from the components of interest. 
ii)A Gel Permeation Chromatography procedure to further separate the non triglyceride decomposition product extracts, to give an indication of the relative molecular masses of the components present and to compare these with the relative molecular masses of triglycerides.
iii)A High Performance Liquid Chromatography procedure for the separation of monomer, dimer and trimer acids of oleic acid, in order to examine samples of the non triglyceride decomposition product extracts after hydrolysis for the presence of dimer and trimer acids. 
iv)A Gas Chromatography procedure for examining the GPC fractions from the non triglyceride decomposition product @xtracts after silylation, for the presence of groups which can be silylated. 
Methods were initially developed using thermally oxidised oils. Standard triolein and trilinolein were then thermally oxidised to monitor the formation of decomposition products. Olive oil, rapeseed oil and peanut oil were also thermally oxidised and the decomposition products monitored. 
This work shows that even for triolein, thermally oxidised at 180°C for 30 minutes, a wide range of decomposition products are present. These are of similar molecular mass to triolein and dimers of triolein. There is evidence from IR and NMR examination that there are a variety of components of similar molecular mass to triolein. Other groups including hydroxyl groups are present and there is less unsaturation than triolein. GC also indicates the presence of silylatable groups. 
There is an indication that both intra and inter molecular bonds are formed on thermal oxidation to give rise to dimer and trimer triglycerides. 
A method that could be used as a quality control technique for monitoring heated oils has been devised. This combines the Bond Elut extraction technique and GPC of the non triglyceride extract from this separation. The method is of use in the detection of thermally oxidised components in an oil at an early stage in the heating process.
Roles of boundary and equation-of-motion terms in cosmological correlation functions
Creators: name: Kawaguchi, Ryodai
name: Tsujikawa, Shinji
name: Yamada, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the properties of total time-derivative terms as well as terms proportional to the free equation of motion (EOM) in a Schwinger-Keldysh formalism. They are relevant to the correct calculation of correlation functions of curvature perturbations in the context of inflationary Universe. We show that these two contributions to the action play different roles in the operator or the path-integral formalism, but they give the same correlation functions as each other. As a concrete example, we confirm that the Maldacena's consistency relations for the three-point correlation function in the slow-roll inflationary scenario driven by a minimally coupled canonical scalar field hold in both the operator and path-integral formalisms. We also give some comments on loop calculations.
description: 15 pages
MPEC 2024-L117 : 2024 LD3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 LD3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Benchmarking Quantum Generative Learning: A Study on Scalability and Noise Resilience using QUARK
Creators: name: Kiwit, Florian J.
name: Wolf, Maximilian A.
name: Marso, Marwa
name: Ross, Philipp
name: Lorenz, Jeanette M.
name: Riofrío, Carlos A.
name: Luckow, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computing promises a disruptive impact on machine learning algorithms, taking advantage of the exponentially large Hilbert space available. However, it is not clear how to scale quantum machine learning (QML) to industrial-level applications. This paper investigates the scalability and noise resilience of quantum generative learning applications. We consider the training performance in the presence of statistical noise due to finite-shot noise statistics and quantum noise due to decoherence to analyze the scalability of QML methods. We employ rigorous benchmarking techniques to track progress and identify challenges in scaling QML algorithms, and show how characterization of QML systems can be accelerated, simplified, and made reproducible when the QUARK framework is used. We show that QGANs are not as affected by the curse of dimensionality as QCBMs and to which extent QCBMs are resilient to noise.
Time on wait lists for coronary bypass surgery in British Columbia, Canada, 1991 - 2000
Creators: name: Levy, Adrian R.
name: Sobolev, Boris
name: Hayden, Robert
name: Kiely, Michael
name: FitzGerald, J. Mark
name: Schechter, Martin T.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: In British Columbia, Canada, all necessary medical services are funded publicly. Concerned with growing wait lists in the mid-1990s, the provincial government started providing extra funding for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) operations annually. Although aimed at improving access, it is not known whether supplementary funding changed the time that patients spent on wait lists for CABG. We sought to determine whether the period of registration on wait lists had an effect on time to isolated CABG and whether the period effect was similar across priority groups. Methods: Using records from a population-based registry, we studied the wait-list time before and after supplementary funding became available. We compared the number of weeks from registration to surgery for equal proportions of patients in synthetic cohorts defined by five registration periods in the 1990s. Results: Overall, 9,231 patients spent a total of 137,126 person-weeks on the wait lists. The time to surgery increased by the middle of the decade, and decreased toward the end of the decade. Relative to the 1991–92 registration period, the conditional weekly probabilities of undergoing surgery were 30% lower among patients registered on the wait lists in 1995–96, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.70 (0.65–0.76), and 23% lower in 1997–98 patients, HR = 0.77 (0.71–0.83), while there were no differences with 1999–2000 patients, HR = 0.94 (0.88–1.02), after adjusting for priority group at registration, comorbidity, age and sex. We found that the effect of registration period was different across priority groups. Conclusion: Our results provide evidence that time to CABG shortened after supplementary funding was provided on an annual basis to tertiary care hospitals within a single publicly funded health system. One plausible explanation is that these hospitals had capaCity to increase the number of operations. At the same time, the effect was not uniform across priority groups indicating that changes in clinical practice should be considered when adding extra funding to reduce wait lists.
New players tip the scales in the balance between excitatory and inhibitory synapses
Creators: name: Levinson, Joshua N
name: El-Husseini, Alaa
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Synaptogenesis is a highly controlled process, involving a vast array of players which include cell adhesion molecules, scaffolding and signaling proteins, neurotransmitter receptors and proteins associated with the synaptic vesicle machinery. These molecules cooperate in an intricate manner on both the pre- and postsynaptic sides to orchestrate the precise assembly of neuronal contacts. This is an amazing feat considering that a single neuron receives tens of thousands of synaptic inputs but virtually no mismatch between pre- and postsynaptic components occur in vivo. One crucial aspect of synapse formation is whether a nascent synapse will develop into an excitatory or inhibitory contact. The tight control of a balance between the types of synapses formed regulates the overall neuronal excitability, and is thus critical for normal brain function and plasticity. However, little is known about how this balance is achieved. This review discusses recent findings which provide clues to how neurons may control excitatory and inhibitory synapse formation, with focus on the involvement of the neuroligin family and PSD-95 in this process.
Zhihong Chen, Die China-Mission Michail Borodins bis zum Tod Sun Yatsens. Ein Beitrag zur sowjetischen Chinapolitik in den Jahren 1923- 1925
Creators: name: Heinzig, Dieter
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 71 (1999): ASIEN (April)