cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Searching for Neutrino Counterparts to Gravitational Wave Events from LIGO-Virgo's O1, O2, and O3 Observing Runs
Creators: name: Vandenbroucke, Justin
name: Raamis Hussain
name: Pizzuto, Alex
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The discovery of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos by IceCube in 2013 and of gravitational waves by LIGO in 2015 have enabled a new era of multi-messenger astronomy. Gravitational waves can identify the merging of compact objects such as neutron stars and black holes. These compact mergers, especially neutron star mergers, are potential neutrino sources. With the completion of LIGO-Virgo's O3 observing run, there are now 67 gravitational wave candidates which have been reported. We present an analysis searching for neutrinos from each of these gravitational wave candidates using an unbinned maximum likelihood approach.
ML_Paper_Media_Abstract.pdf from Who is calling? Optimizing source identification from marmoset vocalizations with hierarchical machine learning classifiers
Creators: name: Phaniraj, Nikhil
name: Wierucka, Kaja
name: Zürcher, Yvonne
name: Burkart, Judith M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: Evolutionary Biology not elsewhere classified

description: With their highly social nature and complex vocal communication system, marmosets are important models for comparative studies of vocal communication and, eventually, language evolution. However, our knowledge about marmoset vocalizations predominantly originates from playback studies or vocal interactions between dyads, and there is a need to move towards studying group-level communication dynamics. Efficient source identification from marmoset vocalizations is essential for this challenge, and machine learning algorithms (MLAs) can aid it. Here we built a pipeline capable of plentiful feature extraction, meaningful feature selection, and supervised classification of vocalizations of up to 18 marmosets. We optimized the classifier by building a hierarchical MLA that first learned to determine the sex of the source, narrowed down the possible source individuals based on their sex and then determined the source identity. We were able to correctly identify the source individual with high precisions (87.21%–94.42%, depending on call type, and up to 97.79% after the removal of twins from the dataset). We also examine the robustness of identification across varying sample sizes. Our pipeline is a promising tool not only for source identification from marmoset vocalizations but also for analysing vocalizations of other species.
Electron-electron interaction strength in ferromagnetic nickel determined by spin-polarized positron annihilation
Creators: name: Ceeh, Hubert
name: Weber, Josef-Andreas
name: Böni, Peter
name: Leitner, Michael
name: Benea, Diana
name: Chioncel, Liviu
name: Vollhardt, Dieter
name: Ebert, Hubert
name: Minar, Jan
name: Hugenschmidt, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-photon momentum distribution of annihilating electron-positron pairs in ferromagnetic nickel (Ni) was determined by measuring the spin-polarized two-dimensional angular correlation of annihilation radiation (ACAR). The spectra were compared with theoretical results obtained within LDA+DMFT, a combination of the local density approximation (LDA) and the many-body dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT). The self-energy describing the electronic correlations in Ni is found to make important anisotropic contributions to the momentum distribution which are not present in LDA. Based on a detailed comparison of the theoretical and experimental results the strength of the local electronic interaction U in ferromagnetic Ni is determined as 2.0 +- 0.1 eV.
Solar Water Heaters and its Applications; a Narrative Review
Creators: name: Karami, Aboutaleb
name: Shahed Haghighi, Shayegan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: With increasing environmental problems, depletion of fossil fuel resources, increasing world population and concomitant increase in demand for renewable energy, much attention has been given to solar energy, which has the greatest potential among renewable energies. The use of solar energy to heat water consumption in buildings is an old technology, but optimized and promising. This article will describe solar thermal systems in detail. Next, the components used to manufacture a solar water heater were reviewed. Furthermore, the solar collectors, which are the heart of these systems, were specially studied and their types were classified. Finally, a number of practical methods and ideas for increasing the performance of solar water heaters that have been studied in recent years were reviewed.
Improving the Analysis Efficiency of Ground-Based Radio Neutrino Detectors at the South Pole
Creators: name: Kaeli Hughes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) is a South Pole-based experiment looking to detect radio emission induced by an ultra-high-energy cosmic neutrino interacting in the ice. The newest ARA station is equipped with a novel phased-array trigger designed to lower the trigger threshold by adding signal channels together in beams prior to the trigger. Due to the large number of events, previous ARA analyses have utilized a computationally fast first cut, which both favored higher SNR events and reduced the analysis efficiency, as many neutrino signals are expected to have low SNR. This poster explores the feasibility of using solely the phased-array trigger string to design a first pass analysis cut, capitalizing on the one-dimensional geometry to create a more efficient analysis. This poster also presents on the improved pointing resolution made possible by a compact phased array string.
Infinitesimal moduli for the Strominger system and Killing spinors in generalized geometry
Creators: name: Garcia-Fernandez, Mario
name: Rubio, Roberto
name: Tipler, Carl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the space of infinitesimal variations for the Strominger system and an obstruction space to integrability, using elliptic operator theory. We initiate the study of the geometry of the moduli space, describing the infinitesimal structure of a natural foliation on this space. The associated leaves are related to generalized geometry and correspond to moduli spaces of solutions of suitable Killing spinor equations on a Courant algebroid. As an application, we propose a unifying framework for metrics with holonomy $\SU(3)$ and solutions of the Strominger system.
description: 48 pages. Section 5 and Appendix A from previous version have been suppressed and will appear elsewhere. Title slightly changed, references added, presentation improved. To appear in Math. Annal
Status of MSSM Higgs Sector using Global Analysis and Direct Search Bounds, and Future Prospects at the HL-LHC
Creators: name: Bhattacherjee, Biplob
name: Chakraborty, Amit
name: Choudhury, Arghya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we search for the regions of the phenomenological minimal supersymmetric standard model (pMSSM) parameter space where one can expect to have moderate Higgs mixing angle ($α$) with relatively light (up to 600 GeV) additional Higgses after satisfying the current LHC data. We perform a global fit analysis using most updated data (till December 2014) from the LHC and Tevatron experiments. The constraints coming from the precision measurements of the rare b-decays $B_s \to μ^+ μ^-$ and $b\to s γ$ are also considered. We find that low $M_{A}$ $(\lesssim 350)$ and high $\tanβ$ $(\gtrsim 25)$ regions are disfavored by the combined effect of the global analysis and flavour data. However, regions with Higgs mixing angle $α\sim$ 0.1 - 0.8 are still allowed by the current data. We then study the existing direct search bounds on the heavy scalar/pseudoscalar ($\rm H/A$) and charged Higgs boson ($\rm H^\pm$) masses and branchings at the LHC. It has been found that regions with low to moderate values of $\tanβ$ with light additional Higgses (mass $\le$ 600 GeV) are unconstrained by the data, while the regions with $\tanβ>$ 20 are excluded considering the direct search bounds by the LHC-8 data. The possibility to probe the region with $\tanβ$ $\le$ 20 at the high luminosity run of LHC are also discussed, giving special attention to the $\rm H \to hh$, $\rm H/{A} \to t \bar t$ and $\rm H/{A} \to τ^{+}τ^{-}$ decay modes.
description: 41 pages, 17 figures, 7 Tables. New section for H/A -> tau tau analysis at 14 TeV added. Discussions extended and new figures added in Sec. 2. Few references added. Version published in PRD
Additional file 1: of Improving Recovery and Outcomes Every Day after the ICU (IMPROVE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Wang, Sophia
name: Hammes, Jessica
name: Sikandar Khan
name: Sujuan Gao
name: Harrawood, Amanda
name: Martinez, Stephanie
name: Lyndsi Moser
name: Perkins, Anthony
name: Unverzagt, Frederick
name: Clark, Daniel
name: Malaz Boustani
name: Khan, Babar
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents*. (DOCX 41 kb)
Is inclusion and involvement of autistic people actually taking place in immersive technology development and application of research? A systematic literature review.
Creators: name: Francois, Marc-Sonley
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: Special Education and Teaching
subject: Instructional Media Design
subject: Science and Technology Studies
subject: Disability and Equity in Education
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: AR
subject: Autism
subject: Immersive Technologies
subject: MR
subject: VR

description: This systematic literature review aims to examine the different immersive technologies used to support autistic groups and determine the degree to which designers and researchers have taken into account the views and perspectives of autistic groups in the design and execution of related immersive learning research studies.
ZooMS processing and clustering workflow using MALDIquant
Creators: name: Codlin, Maria
name: Richter, Kristine K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This workflow contains the source code for processing MALDI data for a publication Codlin et. al. 2022 published in JAS. The workflow uses the R package "MALDIquant" to process spectra and clusters spectra based on a supplied peak list. For the peak list and data used in Codlin et al. please see 10.5281/zenodo.6363114
Some Simple Formulas for Posterior Convergence Rates
Creators: name: Jiang, Wenxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62-XX

description: We derive some simple relations that demonstrate how the posterior convergence rate is related to two driving factors: a "penalized divergence" of the prior, which measures the ability of the prior distribution to propose a nonnegligible set of working models to approximate the true model and a "norm complexity" of the prior, which measures the complexity of the prior support, weighted by the prior probability masses. These formulas are explicit and involve no essential assumptions and are easy to apply. We apply this approach to the case with model averaging and derive some useful oracle inequalities that can optimize the performance adaptively without knowing the true model.
description: 8 pages
DUNE as an ultra-light dark matter detector
Creators: name: Abhish Dev
name: Martinez-Miravé, Pablo
name: Machado, Pedro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: So little is known about the nature of the dark sector of our universe. An interesting and viable possibility that may explain some cosmological puzzles is that dark matter consists, at least in part, of an ultra-light scalar with mass much below the electronvolt scale (sometimes called Fuzzy Dark Matter). If this field couples to standard model particles, it may induce time dependency of their masses. Since neutrinos are so light, this effect could be particularly important for oscillations and the generation of neutrino masses. We analyze how neutrino experiments, in particular DUNE, can probe this exciting scenario via oscillation measurements.
MOESM1 of In-hospital and day-120 survival of critically ill solid cancer patients after discharge of the intensive care units: results of a retrospective multicenter study—A Groupe de recherche respiratoire en réanimation en Onco–Hématologie (Grrr-OH) study
Creators: name: Vincent, François
name: Soares, Marcio
name: Mokart, Djamel
name: Lemiale, Virginie
name: Bruneel, Fabrice
name: Boubaya, Marouane
name: Gonzalez, Frédéric
name: Cohen, Yves
name: Azoulay, Elie
name: Darmon, Michaël
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Four-months survival, after ICU discharge, of the 1053 patients included in the study.
Large-amplitude undulatory swimming near a wall
Creators: name: Fernández-Prats, Rafael
name: Raspa, Veronica
name: Thiria, Benjamin
name: Huera-Huarte, Francisco
name: Godoy-Diana, Ramiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propulsive dynamics of a flexible undulating foil in a self-propelled swimming configuration near a wall is studied experimentally. Measurements of the swimming speed and the propulsive force are presented, together with image acquisition of the kinematics of the foil and particle image velocimetry (PIV) in its wake. The presence of the wall enhances the cruising velocity in some cases up to 25% and the thrust by a 45%, for swept angles of 160 and 240 degrees. The physical mechanisms underlying this effect are discussed by studying the vorticity dynamics in the wake of the foil. Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) is applied to the PIV measurements in order to analyse the kinetic energy modal distribution in the flow and to relate it to the propulsion generated by the foil.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures
Fragmentation contributions to $J/ψ$ photoproduction at HERA
Creators: name: Bodwin, Geoffrey T.
name: Chung, Hee Sok
name: Kim, U-Rae
name: Lee, Jungil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute leading-power fragmentation corrections to $J/ψ$ photoproduction at DESY HERA, making use of the nonrelativistic QCD factorization approach. Our calculations include parton production cross sections through order $α_s^3$, fragmentation functions though order $α_s^2$, and leading logarithms of the transverse momentum divided by the charm-quark mass to all orders in $α_s$. We find that the leading-power fragmentation corrections, beyond those that are included through next-to-leading order in $α_s$, are small relative to the fixed-order contributions through next-to-leading order in $α_s$. Consequently, an important discrepancy remains between the experimental measurements of the $J/ψ$ photoproduction cross section and predictions that make use of nonrelativistic-QCD long-distance matrix elements that are extracted from the $J/ψ$ hadroproduction cross-section and polarization data.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, minor revisions, version published in Phys. Rev. D
The CHANDLER Reactor Neutrino Detector
Creators: name: Jaewon Park
name: Tulasi Subedi
name: Walkup Keegan
name: Link, Jonathan
name: Shengchao Li
name: Huber, Patrick
name: Alireza Haghighat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: CHANDLER is an antineutrino detection technology based on plastic scintillating cubes. We deployed our prototype MiniCHANDLER detector 25 meters from a commercial nuclear reactor core for a four month run, and we observed a significant inverse beta decay signal with no overburden and minimal shielding. This poster will discuss the technology and present the technical details of data analysis and result from this prototype deployment.
A class of conformally flat solutions for systems undergoing radiative gravitational collapse
Creators: name: Sharma, Ranjan
name: Das, Shyam
name: Tikekar, Ramesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a class of conformally flat solutions of the Einstein's field equations for spherical systems undergoing gravitational collapse accompanied with radial heat flux. The interior space-time of the collapsing matter is chosen to be conformal to the Robertson-Walker space-time so that its Weyl tensor vanishes identically. The conditions which ensure smooth matching of the interior space-time of the collapsing system, across its boundary, with the exterior space-time of a radiating star which is described by Vaidya metric lead to an equation governing its overall subsequent evolution. New solutions of this equation have been shown to provide physically viable models of collapsing stars.
description: To appear in Gen. Relativ. Grav
Background studies within the SoLid experiment
Creators: name: Bolognino, Irene
name: Vercaemer, Simon
name: Vandierendonck, Giel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The SoLid (Short baseline Oscillation search using a Lithium-6 detector) experiment is devoted to study neutrino oscillations in order to investigate the observed deficit in the flux of antineutrinos measured by several neutrino experiment located at short-distance from the reactor compared to theoretical calculations. SoLid uses a novel technology which consists in a highly segmented plastic scintillation detector coated with Lithium-6 to provide a measurement of the rate of electron antineutrinos at very short baseline distances (6.4 meters) from the BR2 research reactor core in SCK-CEN at Mol (Belgium). This poster provides a complete overview about the background that affects the detector highlighting what is the standard background (mainly correlated and accidental background) for this kind of experiments.
Finite group extensions of shifts of finite type: K-theory, Parry and Livšic
Creators: name: Boyle, Mike
name: Schmieding, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37B10, 19M05

description: This paper extends and applies algebraic invariants and constructions for mixing finite group extensions of shifts of finite type. For a finite abelian group G, Parry showed how to define a G-extension S_A from a square matrix A over Z_+G, and classified the extensions up to topological conjugacy by the strong shift equivalence class of A over Z_+G. Parry asked in this case if the det(I-tA) (which captures the "periodic data" of the extension) would classify up to finitely many topological conjugacy classes the extensions by G of a fixed mixing shift of finite type. When the algebraic K-theory group NK_1(ZG) is nontrivial (e.g., for G=Z/4), we show the dynamical zeta function for any such extension is consistent with infinitely many topological conjugacy classes. Independent of NK_1(ZG): for every nontrivial abelian G we show there exists a shift of finite type with an infinite family of mixing nonconjugate G extensions with the same dynamical zeta function. We define computable complete invariants for the periodic data of the extension for G not necessarily abelian, and extend all the above results to the nonabelian case. There is other work on basic invariants. The constructions require the "positive K-theory" setting for positive equivalence of matrices over ZG[t].
description: The purpose of this repost is the addition of the Appendix D: Corrections
CENNS-750: A Ton-Scale Liquid Argon Detector for CEvNS at the SNS
Creators: name: Suh, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering(CEvNS) is a neutral-current neutrino interaction that has recently been observed by the COHERENT Collaboration. COHERENT has deployed detectors with a range of target nuclei to the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. As part of this effort, a single-phase liquid argon detector, CENNS-10, was deployed to the SNS in Fall 2016, and the 24kg fiducial volume target has recently made the first low-N measurement of CEvNS. Using the lessons learned from running CENNS-10, a ton-scale single-phase liquid argon detector, CENNS-750, is currently being designed and prototyped. CENNS-750 is expected to see around 20 times more CEvNS events per year than CENNS-10 as well as be sensitive to inelastic neutrino events. Development of CEvNS detection capabilities also provides tools for direct dark matter WIMP searches. Current progress on CENNS-750 will be presented.
Higgs constraints from vector boson fusion and scattering
Creators: name: Campbell, John M.
name: Ellis, R. Keith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results on 4-lepton + 2-jet production, the partonic processes most commonly described as vector boson pair production in the Vector Boson Fusion (VBF) mode. This final state contains diagrams that are mediated by Higgs boson exchange. We focus particularly on the high-mass behaviour of the Higgs boson mediated diagrams, which unlike on-shell production, gives information about the Higgs couplings without assumptions on the Higgs boson total width. We assess the sensitivity of the high-mass region to Higgs coupling strengths, considering all vector boson pair channels, $W^-W^+$, $W^\pm W^\pm$, $W^\pm Z$ and $ZZ$. Because of the small background, the most promising mode is $W^+ W^+$ which has sensitivity to Higgs couplings because of Higgs boson exchange in the $t$-channel. Using the Caola-Melnikov (CM) method, the off-shell couplings can be interpreted as bounds on the Higgs boson total width. We estimate the bound that can be obtained with current data, as well as the bounds that could be obtained at $\sqrt{s}=13$~TeV in the VBF channel for data samples of 100 and 300 fb$^{-1}$. The CM method has already been successfully applied in the gluon fusion (GGF) production channel. The VBF production channel gives important complementary information, because both production and decay of the Higgs boson occur already at tree graph level.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables
Using tropical optimization techniques to evaluate alternatives via pairwise comparisons
Creators: name: Krivulin, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 65K10 (Primary), 15A80, 65K05, 41A50, 90B50 (Secondary)

description: We describe a new approach based on tropical optimization techniques to solve the problem of rating alternatives from pairwise comparison data. The problem is formulated to approximate, in the log-Chebyshev sense, pairwise comparison matrices by reciprocal matrices of unit rank, and then represented in general terms of tropical mathematics as a tropical optimization problem. The optimization problem takes a common, unified form for both multiplicative and additive comparison scales. We apply recent results in tropical optimization to offer new complete solutions to the rating problems under various assumptions about the pairwise comparison matrices. The solutions are given in a compact vector form, which extends known solutions and involves modest computational efforts. The results obtained are illustrated with numerical examples. Specifically, we show by example that the partial solution known before may miss better results provided by the new complete solution. An example to demonstrate a tropical analogue of the analytical hierarchy process decision scheme is also given.
description: 22 pages
Static Self-Forces in a Five-Dimensional Black Hole Spacetime
Creators: name: Taylor, Peter
name: Flanagan, Éanna É.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the electric field and scalar field for a static point charge in closed form in the 5D Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black hole spacetime. We then compute the static self-force in each of these cases by assuming that the appropriate singular field is a 4D Hadamard Green's function on the constant time Riemannian slice. It is well known that the Hadamard Green's function involves an arbitrary regular biscalar $W_{0}(x,x')$, whose coincidence limit $w(x)$ appears in the expression for the self-force. We develop an axiomatic approach to reduce this arbitrary function to a single arbitrary dimensionless coefficient. We show that in the context of this approach to regularization, the self-force does not depend on any undetermined length-scale and need not depend on the internal structure of the charge.
description: Agrees with published version
The measurement of the inclusive electron-neutrino charged-current cross-section using the NOvA near detector
Creators: name: Judah, Matthew
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: NOvA is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment hosted by Fermilab. NOvA utilizes two functionally-identical detectors that lie 14.6 mrad off-axis from the NuMI beam line. Positioned 1km from the beam target, the near detector provides an excellent platform to perform high-statistics studies of neutrino-nucleus interactions. The measurement of charged-current interactions is of great importance to current and future oscillation measurements, as these interactions are the signal for these measurements. This poster details the techniques used to measure the first double-differential electron neutrino charged-current cross section using $8.01 \times10^{20}$ protons on target exposure from the NOvA near detector.
HST Rotational Spectral Mapping of Two L-Type Brown Dwarfs: Variability In and Out of Water Bands Indicates High-Altitude Haze Layers
Creators: name: Yang, Hao
name: Apai, Daniel
name: Marley, Mark S.
name: Saumon, Didier
name: Morley, Caroline V.
name: Buenzli, Esther
name: Artigau, Etienne
name: Radigan, Jacqueline
name: Metchev, Stanimir
name: Burgasser, Adam J.
name: Mohanty, Subhanjoy
name: Lowrance, Patrick L.
name: Showman, Adam P.
name: Karalidi, Theodora
name: Flateau, Davin
name: Heinze, Aren N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy of two L5 dwarfs, 2MASS J18212815+1414010 and 2MASS J15074759-1627386, observed with the Wide Field Camera 3 instrument on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). We study the wavelength dependence of rotation-modulated flux variations between 1.1 $μ$m and 1.7 $μ$m. We find that the water absorption bands of the two L5 dwarfs at 1.15 $μ$m and 1.4 $μ$m vary at similar amplitudes as the adjacent continuum. This differs from the results of previous HST observations of L/T transition dwarfs, in which the water absorption at 1.4 $μ$m displays variations of about half of the amplitude at other wavelengths. We find that the relative amplitude of flux variability out of the water band with respect to that in the water band shows a increasing trend from the L5 dwarfs toward the early T dwarfs. We utilize the models of Saumon & Marley (2008) and find that the observed variability of the L5 dwarfs can be explained by the presence of spatially varying high-altitude haze layers above the condensate clouds. Therefore, our observations show that the heterogeneity of haze layers - the driver of the variability - must be located at very low pressures, where even the water opacity is negligible. In the near future, the rotational spectral mapping technique could be utilized for other atomic and molecular species to probe different pressure levels in the atmospheres of brown dwarfs and exoplanets and uncover both horizontal and vertical cloud structures.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Neutrino observatories in high-pressure salt caverns
Creators: name: Monreal, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: High-pressure time projection chambers have superb rare-event detection capabilities. However, putting a high-pressure vessel of any size in a conventional underground lab is prohibitively difficult. Gigantic, inexpensive salt caverns are routinely used as high-pressure storage vessels by the natural gas industry. Here, we describe the conceptual designs of several detectors which can realistically be deployed in flooded salt caverns (via a borehole, with no human travel underground) for neutrino and dark matter physics. In particular, we show a 1 kiloton, 100 bar neon TPC with applications in solar neutrino physics; a 20~t pure hydrogen TPC (equivalent to 250 t scintillator) for antineutrino physics and light dark matter searches. We are beginning engineering and science studies to develop CUSO (Case Underground Salt Observatory), a small R\&D borehole and cavern in the Salina formation under Case Western Reserve University.
Modeling Warm Absorption in HST/COS Spectrum of Mrk 290 with XSTAR
Creators: name: Zhang, S. N.
name: Ji, L.
name: Kallman, T. R.
name: Yao, Y. S.
name: Froning, C. S.
name: Gu, Q. S.
name: Kriss, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method to model a HST/COS spectrum, aimed to analyze intrinsic UV absorption from the outflow of Mrk 290, a Seyfert I galaxy. We use newly updated XSTAR to generate photoionization models for the intrinsic absorption from the AGN outflow, the line emission from the AGN broad and narrow line regions, and the local absorption from high velocity clouds and Galactic interstellar medium. The combination of these physical models accurately fit the COS spectrum. Three intrinsic absorbers outflowing with velocities ~500 km/s are identified, two of which are found directly from two velocity components of the N V and C IV doublets, while the third is required by the extra absorption in the Lyman alpha. Their outflow velocities, ionization states and column densities are consistent with the lowest and moderately ionization warm absorbers (WAs) in the X-ray domain found by Chandra observations, suggesting an one-to-one correspondence between the absorbing gas in the UV and X-ray bands. The small turbulent velocities of the WAs (v_turb~<100 km/s) support our previous argument from the X-ray study that the absorbers originate from the inner side of the torus due to thermal evaporation. Given the covering fractions of ~65% for the three WAs, we deduce that the lengths and the thicknesses of the WAs are comparable, which indicates that the geometry of WAs are more likely clouds rather than flat and thin layers. In addition, the modeling of the broad line emission suggests a higher covering fraction of clouds when they are very closer to the black hole.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures; Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Solar Water Heaters and its Applications; a Narrative Review
Creators: name: Karami, Aboutaleb
name: Shahed Haghighi, Shayegan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: This article was published at the 2nd International Conference on the Application of Materials and Advanced Manufacturing in Industries and only its abstract is available for pulic access. The full paper can be requested by contacting the author at (aboutaleb.karami@ut.ac.ir) .
 Abstract With increasing environmental problems, depletion of fossil fuel resources, increasing world population and concomitant increase in demand for renewable energy, much attention has been given to solar energy, which has the greatest potential among renewable energies. The use of solar energy to heat water consumption in buildings is an old technology, but optimized and promising. This article will describe solar thermal systems in detail. Next, the components used to manufacture a solar water heater were reviewed. Furthermore, the solar collectors, which are the heart of these systems, were specially studied and their types were classified. Finally, a number of practical methods and ideas for increasing the performance of solar water heaters that have been studied in recent years were reviewed.
On the Total-Power Capacity of Regular-LDPC Codes with Iterative Message-Passing Decoders
Creators: name: Ganesan, Karthik
name: Grover, Pulkit
name: Rabaey, Jan
name: Goldsmith, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Motivated by recently derived fundamental limits on total (transmit + decoding) power for coded communication with VLSI decoders, this paper investigates the scaling behavior of the minimum total power needed to communicate over AWGN channels as the target bit-error-probability tends to zero. We focus on regular-LDPC codes and iterative message-passing decoders. We analyze scaling behavior under two VLSI complexity models of decoding. One model abstracts power consumed in processing elements ("node model"), and another abstracts power consumed in wires which connect the processing elements ("wire model"). We prove that a coding strategy using regular-LDPC codes with Gallager-B decoding achieves order-optimal scaling of total power under the node model. However, we also prove that regular-LDPC codes and iterative message-passing decoders cannot meet existing fundamental limits on total power under the wire model. Further, if the transmit energy-per-bit is bounded, total power grows at a rate that is worse than uncoded transmission. Complementing our theoretical results, we develop detailed physical models of decoding implementations using post-layout circuit simulations. Our theoretical and numerical results show that approaching fundamental limits on total power requires increasing the complexity of both the code design and the corresponding decoding algorithm as communication distance is increased or error-probability is lowered.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures. To appear in JSAC Recent Advances In Capacity Approaching Codes
Frobenius distribution for pairs of elliptic curves and exceptional isogenies
Creators: name: Charles, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let E and E' be two elliptic curves over a number field. We prove that the reductions of E and E' at a finite place p are geometrically isogenous for infinitely many p, and draw consequences for the existence of supersingular primes. This result is an analogue for distributions of Frobenius traces of known results on the density of Noether-Lefschetz loci in Hodge theory. The proof relies on dynamical properties of the Hecke correspondences on the modular curve.
description: 20 pages, comments welcome
Livro «Implicações do otimismo, esperança e funcionalidade na qualidade de vida em indivíduos com esclerose múltipla», da autoria de Luísa Maria Reis Pedro
Creators: name: Pais Ribeiro, José L.
Publisher: name: Saúde & Tecnologia
Year: 2012

description: A Professora Doutora Luísa Maria Reis Pedro em boa hora decidiu divulgar o trabalho de investigação que sustentou a sua dissertação de doutoramento: resultou, assim, o livro “Implicações do otimismo, esperança e funcionalidade na qualidade de vida em indivíduos com esclerose múltipla”. É um livro importante porque divulga uma doença que, não sendo das mais conhecidas, é uma das doenças que tem beneficiado das evoluções tecnológicas mais recentes, principalmente no diagnóstico. Uma das características desta doença é emergir em idades jovens, normalmente entre os 20 e 40 anos, e em populações caucasianas. As pessoas afetadas por esta doença são também mais diferenciadas do ponto de vista escolar. Em cada três pessoas diagnosticadas com esta doença duas são mulheres. Esta característica também tem implicações sociais importantes dado afetar as funções de maternidade e porque, em geral, a mulher tem uma posição central na organização da sociedade, na educação, no cuidar dos próximos, para além da carreira.
description: Saúde & Tecnologia, N.º 07 (2012): Maio 2012
Supplementary figures 1-5 from Mutational scans reveal differential evolvability of Drosophila promoters and enhancers
Creators: name: Li, Xueying C.
name: Fuqua, Timothy
name: van Breugel, Maria Elize
name: Crocker, Justin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Rapid enhancer and slow promoter evolution have been demonstrated through comparative genomics. However, it is not clear how this information is encoded genetically and if this can be used to place evolution in a predictive context. Part of the challenge is that our understanding of the potential for regulatory evolution is biased primarily toward natural variation or limited experimental perturbations. Here, to explore the evolutionary capacity of promoter variation, we surveyed an unbiased mutation library for three promoters in Drosophila melanogaster. We found that mutations in promoters had limited to no effect on spatial patterns of gene expression. Compared to developmental enhancers, promoters are more robust to mutations and have more access to mutations that can increase gene expression, suggesting that their low activity might be a result of selection. Consistent with these observations, increasing the promoter activity at the endogenous locus of shavenbaby led to increased transcription yet limited phenotypic changes. Taken together, developmental promoters may encode robust transcriptional outputs allowing evolvability through the integration of diverse developmental enhancers.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Predicting evolution’.
CO emissions from optically selected galaxies at z~0.1-0.2: Tight anti-correlation between molecular gas fraction and 4000 Åbreak strength
Creators: name: Morokuma-Matsui, Kana
name: Baba, Junichi
name: Sorai, Kazuo
name: Kuno, Nario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed 12CO(J=1-0) (hereafter, CO) observations towards 12 normal star-forming galaxies with stellar mass of Mstar=10^10.6-10^11.3 Msun at z=0.1-0.2 with the 45-m telescope at the Nobeyama Radio Observatory (NRO). The samples are selected with Dn(4000) that is a strength of the 4000 Åbreak, instead of commonly used far-infrared (FIR) flux. We successfully detect the CO emissions from eight galaxies with signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) larger than three, demonstrating the effectiveness of the Dn(4000)-based sample selection. For the first time, we find a tight anti-correlation between Dn(4000) and molecular gas fraction (fmol) using literature data of nearby galaxies in which the galaxies with more fuel for star formation have younger stellar populations. We find that our CO-detected galaxies at z~0.1-0.2 also follow the same relation of nearby galaxies. This implies that the galaxies evolve along this Dn(4000)-fmol relation, and that Dn(4000) seems to be used as a proxy for fmol which requires many time-consuming observations. Based on the comparison with the model calculation with a population synthesis code, we find that star formation from metal enriched gas and its quenching in the early time are necessary to reproduce galaxies with large Dn(4000) and non-zero gas fraction.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in PASJ
Selection of 1 Electron - 1 Proton Events for the MicroBoonE Deep Learning-based Low Energy Excess Search
Creators: name: Moon, Jarrett
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: MicroBooNE is an 85 ton active volume liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) neutrino experiment located at Fermi National Laboratory. The primary physics goal of the experiment is to investigate the excess of low-energy electron-neutrino-like events seen by the MiniBooNE experiment. MicroBooNE's primary strength lies in its capability to produce high resolution event images. These images lend themselves naturally to modern image analysis techniques using neural networks. In this poster, we present a novel method of identifying charged current quasi elastic (CCQE) like electron neutrino events with a specific 1-lepton 1-proton topology using deep learning and other techniques. Using these techniques, we can achieve high purity samples of electron neutrino events with which the MiniBooNE excess can be investigated.
title: Ultrabright and narrowband intra-fiber biphoton source at ultralow pump power
Creators: name: Bruns, Alexander
name: Hsu, Chia-Yu
name: Stryzhenko, Sergiy
name: Giese, Enno
name: Yatsenko, Leonid P.
name: Yu, Ite A.
name: Halfmann, Thomas
name: Peters, Thorsten
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2022

description: Nonclassical photon sources of high brightness are key components of quantum communication technologies. We here demonstrate the generation of narrowband, nonclassical photon pairs by employing spontaneous four-wave mixing in an optically-dense ensemble of cold atoms within a hollow-core fiber. The brightness of our source approaches the limit of achievable generated spectral brightness at which successive photon pairs start to overlap in time. For a generated spectral brightness per pump power of up to 2 × 10⁹ pairs/(s MHz mW) we observe nonclassical correlations at pump powers below 100 nW and a narrow bandwidth of 2π × 6.5 MHz. In this regime we demonstrate that our source can be used as a heralded single-photon source. By further increasing the brightness we enter the regime where successive photon pairs start to overlap in time and the cross-correlation approaches a limit corresponding to thermal statistics. Our approach of combining the advantages of atomic ensembles and waveguide environments is an important step toward photonic quantum networks of ensemble-based elements.
A Flux Normalization Detector for the COHERENT Experiment
Creators: name: Rapp, Rebecca
name: Tellez-Giron-Flores, Karla
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The COHERENT Collaboration recently made the first observation of the Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CEvNS) process by using neutrinos produced in the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. CEvNS measurements are expected to have significant impact on many areas of physics, which has motivated COHERENT to attempt precision measurements on a variety of different nuclei. With COHERENT entering into a high precision program, the current 10% uncertainty on the neutrino flux is the largest systematic error and it needs to be reduced. We plan to do this by using a heavy water detector to directly measure the neutrino flux which takes advantage of the well-understood charged current interaction of electron neutrinos on deuterium. This poster will present an overview of the heavy water detector design studies and proposals to build and deploy this detector in the near future.
An analysis of photons collected from tagged cosmic-ray muons in ProtoDUNE-SP
Creators: name: Ramson, Bryan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: In the Fall of 2018, the first in a pair of full-scale prototypes of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) Far Detector known as ProtoDUNE- Single Phase (SP), was activated. ProtoDUNE-SP consists of a Liquid Argon Time-Projection Chamber (LArTPC), integrated Photon Detection System (PDS) and Cosmic-Ray Tagger (CRT) configured to observe particles provided by the CERN SPS, however cosmic-ray events are also present. This poster presents an analysis of the light produced by cosmic-ray muons identified using the CRT and TPC. The relationship between the observed light in an S-ARAPUCA PDS module versus the distance to the track was compared between data and simulation and agreed better with a Rayleigh scattering length of 90 cm rather than 60 cm.
MCViNE -- An object oriented Monte Carlo neutron ray tracing simulation package
Creators: name: Lin, Jiao Y. Y.
name: Smith, Hillary L.
name: Granroth, Garrett E.
name: Abernathy, Douglas L.
name: Lumsden, Mark D.
name: Winn, Barry
name: Aczel, Adam A.
name: Aivazis, Michael
name: Fultz, Brent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MCViNE (Monte-Carlo VIrtual Neutron Experiment) is a versatile Monte Carlo (MC) neutron ray-tracing program that provides researchers with tools for performing computer modeling and simulations that mirror real neutron scattering experiments. By adopting modern software engineering practices such as using composite and visitor design patterns for representing and accessing neutron scatterers, and using recursive algorithms for multiple scattering, MCViNE is flexible enough to handle sophisticated neutron scattering problems including, for example, neutron detection by complex detector systems, and single and multiple scattering events in a variety of samples and sample environments. In addition, MCViNE can take advantage of simulation components in linear-chain-based MC ray tracing packages widely used in instrument design and optimization, as well as NumPy-based components that make prototypes useful and easy to develop. These developments have enabled us to carry out detailed simulations of neutron scattering experiments with non-trivial samples in time-of-flight inelastic instruments at the Spallation Neutron Source. Examples of such simulations for powder and single-crystal samples with various scattering kernels, including kernels for phonon and magnon scattering, are presented. With simulations that closely reproduce experimental results, scattering mechanisms can be turned on and off to determine how they contribute to the measured scattering intensities, improving our understanding of the underlying physics.
description: 34 pages, 14 figures
Daya Bay, Double Chooz and RENO combined analysis.
Creators: name: Ravelo, Jesús García
name: Molina, Dionisio Manuel Tun
name: Roa, Jesús Escamilla
name: Bello, Jorge Garcia
name: Perez, Benito Vargas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: In this work, we obtain the Daya Bay and RENO confidence regions for the neutrino oscillation mixing angle $\sin^{2}(2\theta_{13})$ and the effective squared mass difference $\Delta m^2_{ee}$ in the three neutrino mixing model. This through a global statistical analysis from the public experimental data of the three LBL reactor experiments, Daya Bay, Double Chooz and RENO. Our single results are consistent with those published by the collaborations and corroborate that this statistical analysis improves individual results.