cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Planar Rotational Equilibria of Two Non-identical Microswimmers
Creators: name: Mottammal, Prajitha
name: Thampi, Sumesh P.
name: Pototsky, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a planar motion of two hydrodynamically coupled non-identical micro-swimmers, each modelled as a force dipole with intrinsic self-propulsion. Using the method of images, we demonstrate that our results remain equally applicable at a stress-free liquid-gas interface as in the bulk of a fluid. A closed analytical form of circular periodic orbits for a pair of two pullers and a pair of two pushers is presented and their linear stability is determined with respect to two- and three-dimensional perturbations. A universal stability diagram of the orbits with respect to two-dimensional perturbations is constructed and it is shown that two non-identical pushers or two non-identical pullers moving at a stress-free interface may form a stable rotational equilibrium. For two non-identical pullers, we find stable quasi-periodic localized states, associated with the motion on a two-dimensional torus in the phase space. Stable tori are born from circular periodic orbits as the result of a torus bifurcation. All stable equilibria in two dimensions are shown to be monotonically unstable with respect to three-dimensional perturbations.
Travelling waves in the expanding spatially homogeneous space-times
Creators: name: Alekseev, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some classes of the so called "travelling wave" solutions of Einstein and Einstein - Maxwell equations in General Relativity and of dynamical equations for massless bosonic fields in string gravity in four and higher dimensions are presented. Similarly to the well known pp-waves, these travelling wave solutions may depend on arbitrary functions of a null coordinate which determine the arbitrary profiles and polarizations of the waves. However, in contrast with pp-waves, these waves do not admit the null Killing vector fields and can exist in some curved (expanding and spatially homogeneous) background space-times, where these waves propagate in certain directions without any scattering. Mathematically, some of these classes of solutions arise as the fixed points of Kramer-Neugebauer transformations for hyperbolic integrable reductions of the mentioned above field equations, or, in the other cases, -- after imposing of the ansatz that these waves do not change the part of spatial metric transversal to the direction of wave propagation. It is worth to note that strikingly simple forms of all presented solutions make possible a consideration of nonlinear interaction of these waves with the background curvature and singularities as well as a collision of sandwiches of such waves with solitons or with each others in the backgrounds where such travelling waves may exist.
description: 18 pages
Are Technological Interventions Effective in Increasing Physical Activity in Young Adults? A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Ackermann-Veron, Max
name: Ronney Chan
name: Curran Tse
name: Schram, Ben
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Health Information Technology
subject: Public Health Education and Promotion
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: This systematic review aims to explore technological interventions and its effects on promoting physical activity in young adults.
Mechanisms of sustained high firing rates in two classes of vestibular nucleus neurons: differential contributions of resurgent Na, Kv3, and BK currents.
Creators: name: Aryn Gittis
name: Moghadam, Setareh H.
name: Lac, Sascha Du
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: To fire at high rates, neurons express ionic currents that work together to minimize refractory periods by ensuring that sodium channels are available for activation shortly after each action potential. Vestibular nucleus neurons operate around high baseline firing rates and encode information with bidirectional modulation of firing rates up to several hundred Hz. To determine the mechanisms that enable these neurons to sustain firing at high rates, ionic currents were measured during firing by using the action potential clamp technique in vestibular nucleus neurons acutely dissociated from transgenic mice. Although neurons from the YFP-16 line fire at rates higher than those from the GIN line, both classes of neurons express Kv3 and BK currents as well as both transient and resurgent Na currents. In the fastest firing neurons, Kv3 currents dominated repolarization at all firing rates and minimized Na channel inactivation by rapidly transitioning Na channels from the open to the closed state. In slower firing neurons, BK currents dominated repolarization at the highest firing rates and sodium channel availability was protected by a resurgent blocking mechanism. Quantitative differences in Kv3 current density across neurons and qualitative differences in immunohistochemically detected expression of Kv3 subunits could account for the difference in firing range within and across cell classes. These results demonstrate how divergent firing properties of two neuronal populations arise through the interplay of at least three ionic currents.
title: Le gauchissement des dalles de fondation en béton
Creators: name: Mailvaganam, N.
name: Springfield, J.
name: Repette, W.
name: Taylor, D.
Publisher: name: Conseil national de recherches du Canada. Institut de recherche en construction
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: béton
subject: réparation
subject: fondation

description: Cet article passe en revue les causes du gauchissement des dalles de fondation en béton et présente les méthodes de réparation four différentes conditions environnementales.
description: This Update reviews the causes of curling in on-grade concrete slabs and discusses methods of repair for various environmental conditions.
Investigation of the effects of urban density on pandemic
Creators: name: Mert, Yelda
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2021

description: Decisions regarding land use are amongst the most important decisions of a city planning process, and density arrangement is one of the key parameters for it. The effects of urban density on the Covid-19 infection are evaluated in this study through the sample case of İskenderun district, which was divided into 3 main urban population density regions (high, medium, low). The course of the Covid-19 pandemic was then followed through the number of cases in the period of September-December 2020 for these regions. The case data were obtained from the “HES” application developed by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey to monitor the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic, and the case density maps recorded in the application for this purpose were digitized through an in-house image processing software. As a result of the examination, it was understood that the rate of increase and the density of cases in regions with high housing density was higher than that of regions with lower densities, with PI (Pandemic Index) values of 173.83 and 39.40 for high and low densities, respectively. The results are indicative that the lack of urban land production and high population concentration, which have become important problems of developing countries and regions due to rapid population growth, are indeed strong factors for the spread of diseases, such as the Covid-19 pandemic.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Vol 14 No 2 (2121): The city challenges and external agents. Methods, tools and best practices
Covid-19 pandemic and activity patterns in Milan. Wi-Fi sensors and location-based data
Creators: name: Gorrini, Andrea
name: Messa, Federico
name: Ceccarelli, Giulia
name: Choubassi, Rawad
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2021

description: The recent development of location detection systems allows to monitor, understand and predict the activity patterns of the city users. In this framework, the research focuses on the analysis of a sample of aggregated traffic data, based on the number of mobile devices detected through a network of 55 Wi-Fi Access Points in Milan. Data was collected over 7 months (January to July 2020), allowing for a study on the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on activity patterns. Data analysis was based on merging: (i) time series analysis of trends, peak hours and mobility profiles; (ii) GIS-based spatial analysis of land data and Public Transport data. Results showed the effectiveness of Wi-Fi location data to monitor and characterize long-term trends about activity patterns in large scale urban scenarios. Results also showed a significant correlation between Wi-Fi data and the density distribution of residential buildings, service and transportation facilities, entertainment, financial amenities, department stores and bike-sharing docking stations. In this context, a Suitability Analysis Index is proposed, aiming at identifying the areas of Milan which could be exploited for more extensive data collection campaigns by means of the installation of additional Wi-Fi sensors. Future work is based on the development of Wi-Fi sensing applications for monitoring mobility data in real time.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Vol 14 No 2 (2121): The city challenges and external agents. Methods, tools and best practices
The Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Magnetoresistant Nd1-xSrxMnAsO Oxyarsenides
Creators: name: Wildman, E. J.
name: Emery, N.
name: Mclaughlin, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The oxypnictides Nd1-xSrxMnAsO have been successfully synthesised with x up to 0.1. A synchrotron X-ray diffraction study demonstrates that there is no change in crystal symmetry upon doping with Sr. An expansion of the inter-layer distance between Nd-O-Nd and As-Mn-As blocks is observed with increasing x. Results from variable temperature neutron diffraction and resistivity measurements show that the local moment antiferromagnetic order of the Mn spins is preserved as the [MnAs]- layers are hole doped and the materials are driven metallic for x > 0.05. A sizeable positive magnetoresistance is observed at low temperature which demonstrates that multiple MR mechanisms are possible in LnMnAsO oxypnictides.
description: Accepted by PRB
Estimation of the future land cover using Corine Land Cover data
Creators: name: Dinç, Gizem
name: Gül, Atila
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2021

description: In this study, linear and polynomial regression functions were applied to the Corine Land Cover (CLC) data to quantitatively estimate the future land cover for three different cities of Turkey, Ankara, Istanbul and Izmir. For the related cities, the CLC data sets recorded for every 6 years between the years 2000-2018 were individually obtained from satellite images for monitoring changes in land cover for Turkey. These data allow us to have information about artificial surfaces, agricultural areas, natural and semi-natural areas, wetland and water bodies which have been changed accordingly urbanization process in Turkey. Based on CLC data of 2000, 2006, 2012 and 2018 the areas and widths of artificial surfaces spread in these three cities were determined. Mathematical calculations were made by using the linear and polynomial regression models to understand what the future scenarios would be in order to understand what would happen if these changes continued in the same way. To conclude, revealing the possible scenarios in the future will provide important outputs for land cover and will contribute to the development of urban planning and the creation of sustainable cities.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Vol 14 No 2 (2121): The city challenges and external agents. Methods, tools and best practices
title: Comment s'assurer que les occupants réagissent aux alarmes incendie
Creators: name: Proulx, Guylène
Publisher: name: Conseil national de recherches du Canada. Institut de recherche en construction
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: incendie
subject: immeubles
subject: évacuation

description: Cet article présente différentes méthodes pour que les occupants d'immeubles réagissent de façon appropriée lorsqu'une alarme incendie se déclenche, dans le but de garantir une évacuation ou un déplacement sûr et discipliné.
description: This Update presents strategies designed to ensure that building occupants respond appropriately when the fire alarm sounds, with the goal of promoting safe and orderly evacuation or relocation.
MEDICAL-ECONOMIC APPROACH TO MASS SCREENING FOR COLORECTAL CANCER IN THE WILAYA OF BEJAÏA
Creators: name: CHAHIRA MAZOUZI
name: RADIA BENYAHIA
name: ESMA KERBOUA
name: MOUSSA MESSALI
name: GHOZLANE KACHER
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Abstract
The economic evaluation finds its justification in the impossible market regulation of the health sector. Most sectors of the economy are in fact governed by market mechanisms which encourage consumers and producers to make the best use of the limited resources available to society, according to their own interests. The health sector escapes this mode of operation, in particular because of the difficulty for the consumer to access all the information allowing them to judge the characteristics (quality and price) of the health good or service which would be beneficial to them. We were called upon to carry out a mass screening strategy for colorectal cancer in the wilaya of Bejaia, this screening concerned more than 3000 citizens, the crucial and decisive step for maintaining this screening was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of this operation which aims primarily to reduce mortality and the incidence of this cancer which remains a public health problem in Algeria. The main objective of this article is to have all the cost data linked to screening or management of CRC only in order to be able to estimate the different cost items linked to the disease and to ensure the medico-economic evaluation. organized screening carried out between 2017 and 2020 as part of the Algerian cancer plan in the wilaya of Bejaia. Screening for CRC with an immunological test cost more than 12 million dinars. Direct medical costs represent more than two thirds of the cost, or a rate of 69.6%. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness ratio for a single screening strategy in the general population (50-74 years) based on the FIT. Direct and indirect costs were estimated from different sources. However, the problem deserves to be mentioned and taken up again in a few years. Such economic quantification is difficult, in particular because of the great complexity of estimating the cost of cancer in Algeria, including colorectal cancer, but also because of the absence of an epidemiological benchmark, notably data on mortality from cancer. colorectal cancer.
The emergency plan for the use and management of the territory
Creators: name: La Rocca, Rosa Anna
name: Palermo, Annunziata
name: Viapiana, Maria Francesca
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2021

description: The issue of emergency planning in areas exposed to natural hazards cannot yet be considered as a focus within the scientific literature, probably because it has been judged as “too operative” for the interest of academic research. The topic of land use planning, spatial planning, and urban planning in risky areas, conversely, has gained attention in recent years. Nevertheless, the examples of good practices that involve ordinary master plans embedding mitigation concerns are still limited.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 2021: Special Issue. The emergency plan for the use and management of the territory
title: Pourquoi les occupants d'immeubles ne tiennent pas compte des alarmes incendie
Creators: name: Proulx, Guylène
Publisher: name: Conseil national de recherches du Canada. Institut de recherche en construction
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: incendie
subject: alarme
subject: immeubles

description: Pourquoi arrive-t-il si souvent que les occupants d'immeubles ne tiennent pas compte des signaux d'alarme incendie? Cet article, basé sur des études de l'IRC et sur des documents décrivant des incendies réels, fait état d'un certain nombre de raisons expliquant ce comportement.
description: Why do building occupants so often ignore fire alarm signals? This Update presents some reasons, supported by IRC studies and documentation of real fires.
Nonadaptive group testing with random set of defectives
Creators: name: Mazumdar, Arya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a group testing scheme, a set of tests is designed to identify a small number $t$ of defective items that are present among a large number $N$ of items. Each test takes as input a group of items and produces a binary output indicating whether any defective item is present in the group. In a non-adaptive scheme designing a testing scheme is equivalent to the construction of a disjunct matrix, an $M \times N$ binary matrix where the union of supports of any $t$ columns does not contain the support of any other column. In this paper we consider the scenario where defective items are random and follow simple probability distributions. In particular we consider the cases where 1) each item can be defective independently with probability $\frac{t}{N}$ and 2) each $t$-set of items can be defective with uniform probability. In both cases our aim is to design a testing matrix that successfully identifies the set of defectives with high probability. Both of these models have been studied in the literature before and it is known that $O(t\log N)$ tests are necessary as well as sufficient (via random coding) in both cases. Our main focus is explicit deterministic construction of the test matrices amenable to above scenarios. One of the most popular ways of constructing test matrices relies on \emph{constant-weight error-correcting codes} and their minimum distance. We go beyond the minimum distance analysis and connect the average distance of a constant weight code to the parameters of the resulting test matrix. With our relaxed requirements, we show that using explicit constant-weight codes (e.g., based on algebraic geometry codes) we may achieve a number of tests equal to $O(t \frac{\log^2 N}{ \log t})$ for both the first and the second cases.
description: To appear in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. A preliminary version with only partial results appeared as arXiv:1111.5003
Simulating the performance of aperture mask designs for SCALES
Creators: name: Lach, Mackenzie R.
name: Sallum, Steph
name: Skemer, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interferometric techniques such as aperture masking have the potential to enhance spatial resolution capabilities when imaging moderate-contrast sources with small angular size, such as close-in exoplanets and circumstellar disks around distant young stars. The Slicer Combined with an Array of Lenslets for Exoplanet Spectroscopy (SCALES) instrument, currently under development, is a lenslet integral field spectrograph that will enable the W. M. Keck Observatory to carry out high-contrast direct imaging of exoplanets between 2 and 5 microns. We explore the potential benefit of aperture masking to SCALES by testing the contrast achievable by several mask designs. The scalessim software package was used to simulate observations at wavelength bins in the M, L, and K bands, with optical path difference (OPD) maps used to simulate realistic Keck adaptive optics performance. Noise from astrophysical and instrumental sources was also applied to simulated signals. Mask designs were assessed based on depth of the generated contrast curves.
Territorial aspects of emergency plans for dams. The case study of Lombardia Region
Creators: name: Gazzola, Veronica
name: Menoni, Scira
name: Belloni, Antonella
name: Zuliani, Claudia
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2021

description: A directive of the Prime Minister in 2014 required regions where large dams are located to develop emergency plans to coordinate efforts and resources in case of sudden unexpected release or the worst case of partial or total collapse. The risk for downstream communities and assets is clearly a significant one, as many dams have been built some decades ago and there are evidences of changing trends in meteorological and climate relate extremes that are particularly dangerous for mountain relatively small catchments. In developing such new generation plans, the definition of risk scenarios describing territorial dynamics and features (in terms of hazard, exposure and vulnerability) provides a quali-quantitative representation of potential damages and losses that may occur in case downstream settlements and infrastructures are affected or, even worse, caught by surprise by an incident. On the basis of a recent experience carried out within a collaboration framework with the Lombardia Region, the paper provides indications on the current problems and opportunities related to risk management, emergency preparedness and planning in presence of dams considering technical, social and public policies decision-making issues as key. The paper provides initial reference to the national and international experience on the topic to discuss more in depth how territorial aspects have contributed substantially to shape emergency plans for dams and what are the consequent impacts on ordinary urban and regional plans at different scales.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 2021: Special Issue. The emergency plan for the use and management of the territory
title: Ensuring good seismic performance with platform-frame wood housing
Creators: name: Rainer, J. H.
name: Karacabeyli, E.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Institute for Research in Construction
Year: 2000

description: Earthquakes occur frequently around the world, garnering a great deal of attention, especially when there is loss of life and significant property damage, as there often is. Fortunately for North Americans, wood construction of the platform-frame type commonly used in our houses performs well from a seismic point of view, with a remarkably low fatality level. This Update reviews why this performance is good and explains how to avoid such problems as a weak first storey, unstable foundation soils, and unrestrained furnishing, components and appliances, all of which can pose safety risks for occupants. Readers are advised of special preventive measures, useful documentation on upgrading of buildings, and new developments in standards and codes, which, taken together, give all the more assurance of safety.
description: Des tremblements de terre se produisent régulièrement dans le monde et font la une des médias, notamment lorsqu'il y a des morts et des dommages matériels importants, ce qui est souvent le cas. Heureusement en Amérique du Nord, les constructions à ossature de bois du type plate-forme qui sont communément utilisées pour nos maisons ont une bonne résistance aux tremblements de terre et sont associés à des taux d'accidents mortels très bas. Les auteurs analysent les raisons de ces bonnes performances et expliquent comment éviter des problèmes comme la faiblesse d'un premier étage, l'instabilité des sols de fondation et le manque de retenue des meubles, des éléments ou des appareils électro-ménagers, problèmes pouvant mettre en danger la vie des occupants. Des mesures de prévention particulières sont conseillées au lecteur ainsi que de la documentation utile sur la mise à niveau des bâtiments et les nouveautés en matière de normes et de codes qui, prises ensemble, permettent de diminuer les risques.
Cloud Formation and Acceleration in a Radiative Environment
Creators: name: Proga, Daniel
name: Waters, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a radiatively heated and cooled medium, the thermal instability is a plausible mechanism for forming clouds, while the radiation force provides a natural acceleration, especially when ions recombine and opacity increases. Here we extend Field's theory to self-consistently account for a radiation force resulting from bound-free and bound-bound transitions in the optically thin limit. We present physical arguments for clouds to be significantly accelerated by a radiation force due to lines during a nonlinear phase of the instability. To qualitatively illustrate our main points, we perform both one and two-dimensional (1-D/2-D) hydrodynamical simulations that allow us to study the nonlinear outcome of the evolution of thermally unstable gas subjected to this radiation force. Our 1-D simulations demonstrate that the thermal instability can produce long-lived clouds that reach a thermal equilibrium between radiative processes and thermal conduction, while the radiation force can indeed accelerate the clouds to supersonic velocities. However, our 2-D simulations reveal that a single cloud with a simple morphology cannot be maintained due to destructive processes, triggered by the Rayleigh-Taylor instability and followed by the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. Nevertheless, the resulting cold gas structures are still significantly accelerated before they are ultimately dispersed.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. Resubmitted to ApJ after addressing referee's comments. Simulations viewable at http://www.physics.unlv.edu/astro/pw15sims.html
Determinstic Generation of a Quantum Dot-Confined Triexciton and its Radiative Decay via Three-Photon Cascade
Creators: name: Schmidgall, E. R.
name: Schwartz, I.
name: Gantz, L.
name: Cogan, D.
name: Raindel, S.
name: Gershoni, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have potential applications in quantum information processing due to the fact that they are potential on-demand sources of single and entangled photons. Generation of polarization-entangled photon pairs was demonstrated using the biexciton-exciton radiative cascade. One obvious way to increase the number of quantum correlated photons that the QDs emit is to use higher-order multiexcitons, in particular the triexciton. Towards achieving this goal, we first demonstrate deterministic generation of the QD-confined triexciton in a well-definedcoherent state and then spectrally identify and directly measure a three-photon radiative cascade resulting from the sequential triexciton-biexciton-exciton radiative recombination.
description: Minor revisions to text
Planning to prevent disasters
Creators: name: Tira, Maurizio
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2021

description: The evolution of cities, whose pattern is all but regular, is sometimes marked by rare events that may disrupt the normal development. Throughout history, cities grow and shrink, flourish and perish, in a slow and somehow predictable way, but sometimes they suffer sudden and unexpected changes. Those breakages that profoundly modify their urban schemes and land-uses, their identity and their economic and social activities, transform them into entirely new cities or radically convert large portion of space. Whatever the outcome of a disaster could be, although it may result in a pattern of positive development, we must prevent the loss of human lives, the suffering, the loss and damages that accompanies every catastrophe. The main task of human action must therefore be risk mitigation, bearing in mind that risk is always present and the resources to mitigate it are often scarce. Without going into the detail of any particular event and with methodological intent, the paper will try to investigate how we can better understand risk and how planning may influence the mitigation of risk.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 2021: Special Issue. The emergency plan for the use and management of the territory
MRI of lungs using partial liquid ventilation with water-in-perfluorocarbon emulsions.
Creators: name: Huang, Ming Qiang
name: Ye, Qing
name: Williams, Donald S.
name: Ho, Chien
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A novel (1)H-MRI contrast modality for rat lungs has been developed using water-in-perfluorocarbon (PFC) emulsions for partial liquid ventilation (PLV). The feasibility of the new ventilation protocol for (1)H-MRI studies of lungs has been demonstrated. (1)H-MR images of lungs have been obtained with sensitivity and spatial resolution higher than those of the (19)F-MRI of lungs previously reported. Diffusion-weighted MRI measurements of lungs showed that the results obtained are related to the pulmonary architecture and functional properties of lungs. Although the methodology needs further improvement and evaluation, it appears to have great potential in a wide range of new applications in the field of lung MRI, such as in vivo detection of lung cancer, emphysema, and allograft rejection following lung transplantation. The ability of this technique to achieve high-quality MR images of lungs, together with its technical simplicity, stability, and low cost, makes this method a promising imaging technique for the lungs.
The time profile of transformations in territorial governance
Creators: name: Talia, Michele
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2021

description: As a result of the close relationship with the School of Architecture founded in 1919, Italian urban planning has often been marked by a search for a difficult balance between spatial and temporal projections in plans, often favouring the former over the latter. Due to this unequal development in planning contents, territorial governance has shown a worrying loss of authority, which tends to generate evident contradictions when territorial planning is called to contend with problems deriving from the management of areas where urban planning forecasts must coexist with extraordinary provisions adopted following an earthquake or other natural disaster. In this recurring difficulty of finding space within ordinary planning procedures for measures designed to address the emergency, three starting conditions prove to be decisive. The first is the need to guarantee the availability of a rigorous cognitive framework to allow an increasingly complex planning system to be based on rich, detailed information. The second is the requirement to reduce the gap between the technical times necessary to develop planning tools and the necessary promptness for procedures to coordinate emergency policies. The third is the need to entrust strategic documents with the task of balancing the relationship between the short and long terms, both in urban planning and in emergency plans.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 2021: Special Issue. The emergency plan for the use and management of the territory
title: Strategies for ensuring appropriate occupant response to fire alarm signals
Creators: name: Proulx, G.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Institute for Research in Construction
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Fire alarm response
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0492
subject: Réponse aux alarmes incendie
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0492

description: If occupants won't respond appropriately to fire alarm signals, what can be done about it? One strategy is to change the environment to divert occupants' attention from their ongoing activities to the fire emergency. For example, in a discotheque, turn off the music and flood the area with lighting. Using the voice communication system to inform occupants of the location and status of the fire, and how to respond, avoids panic; people react calmly when told the truth. In some buildings, having occupants relocate to safe areas within a building or stay put (in hotel rooms, for instance) is being favoured over outright evacuation.
description: Si les occupants ne réagissent pas comme il faudrait aux signaux des alarmes incendie, que peut-on faire? Parmi les stratégies possibles, il y en a une qui consiste à modifier l'environnement de façon à attirer l'attention des occupants sur le danger d'incendie et les détourner de leurs activités. Dans une discothèque, par exemple, on arrêtera la musique et rallumera toutes les lumières. Le réseau de communication phonique permet aussi de transmettre des renseignements aux occupants quant à l'emplacement de l'incendie, son importance et leur indiquer comment réagir et éviter toute panique; lorsque l'on dit la vérité aux gens, généralement ceux-ci réagissent calmement. Dans certains bâtiments, on préférera diriger les occupants en lieu sûr dans l'enceinte du bâtiment ou leur demander de rester là où ils se trouvent (chambres d'hôtel, par exemple) plutôt que d'évacuer directement.
Moral Hazard on Productivity Among Work-From-Home Workers Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Lee, Jieun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: After the outbreak of COVID 19, firms appear to monitor Work From Home (WFH) workers more than ever out of anxiety that workers may shirk at home or implement moral hazard at home. Using the Survey of Working Arrangements and Attitudes (SWAA, Barrero et al., 2021), the evidence of WFH workers' ex post moral hazard as well as its specific aspects are examined. The results show that the ex post moral hazard among the WFH workers is generally found. Interestingly, however, the moral hazard on specific type of productivity, efficiency, is not detected for the workers at firms with WFH friendly policy for long term. Moreover, the advantages & challenges for the WFH culture report that workers with health or disability issues improve their productivity, whereas certain conditions specific to the WFH environment must be met.
Minimum number of monotone subsequences of length 4 in permutations
Creators: name: Balogh, József
name: Hu, Ping
name: Lidický, Bernard
name: Pikhurko, Oleg
name: Udvari, Balázs
name: Volec, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that for every sufficiently large $n$, the number of monotone subsequences of length four in a permutation on $n$ points is at least $\binom{\lfloor n/3 \rfloor}{4} + \binom{\lfloor(n+1)/3\rfloor}{4} + \binom{\lfloor (n+2)/3\rfloor}{4}$. Furthermore, we characterize all permutations on $[n]$ that attain this lower bound. The proof uses the flag algebra framework together with some additional stability arguments. This problem is equivalent to some specific type of edge colorings of complete graphs with two colors, where the number of monochromatic $K_4$'s is minimized. We show that all the extremal colorings must contain monochromatic $K_4$'s only in one of the two colors. This translates back to permutations, where all the monotone subsequences of length four are all either increasing, or decreasing only.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, accepted to Combinatorics, Probability and Computing
Myristoylation restricts orientation of the GRASP domain on membranes and promotes membrane tethering.
Creators: name: Heinrich, Frank
name: Hirsh  Nanda
name: Haw Zan  Goh
name: Bachert, Collin
name: Losche, Mathias
name: Linstedt, Adam
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The mammalian Golgi reassembly stacking protein (GRASP) proteins are Golgi-localized homotypic membrane tethers that organize Golgi stacks into a long, contiguous ribbon-like structure. It is unknown how GRASPs undergo trans pairing given that cis interactions between the proteins in the plane of the membrane are intrinsically favored. To test the hypothesis that myristoylation of the self-interacting GRASP domain restricts its orientation on the membrane to favor trans pairing, we established an in vitro assay that recapitulates GRASP-dependent membrane tethering and used neutron reflection under similar conditions to determine the orientation of the GRASP domain. In vivo, the membrane association of GRASP proteins is conferred by the simultaneous insertion of an N-terminal myristic acid and binding to a Golgi-associated binding partner. In our assay, the latter contact was replaced using a C-terminal hexa-His moiety, which bound to Ni(2+)-conjugated lipids incorporated into a substrate-supported bilayer lipid membrane. Nonmyristoylated protein lacked a fixed orientation on the membrane and inefficiently tethered liposomes. In contrast, myristoylated GRASP promoted tethering and exhibited a unique membrane complex. Thus, myristoylation restricts the membrane orientation of the GRASP domain favoring interactions in trans for membrane tethering.
Software-Hardware Codesign for Efficient In-Memory Regular Pattern Matching
Creators: name: Kong, Lingkun
name: Yu, Qixuan
name: Chattopadhyay, Agnishom
name: Glaunec, Alexis Le
name: Huang, Yi
name: Mamouras, Konstantinos
name: Yang, Kaiyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Regular pattern matching is used in numerous application domains, including text processing, bioinformatics, and network security. Patterns are typically expressed with an extended syntax of regular expressions that include the computationally challenging construct of bounded iteration or counting, which describes the repetition of a pattern a fixed number of times. We develop a design for a specialized in-memory hardware architecture for NFA execution that integrates counter and bit vector elements. The design is inspired by the theoretical model of nondeterministic counter automata (NCA). A key feature of our approach is that we statically analyze regular expressions to determine bounds on the amount of memory needed for the occurrences of counting. The results of this analysis are used by a regex-to-hardware compiler in order to make an appropriate selection of counter or bit vector elements. We evaluate the performance of our hardware implementation on a simulator based on circuit parameters collected by SPICE simulation using a TSMC 28nm process. We find the usage of counter and bit vector quickly outperforms unfolding solutions by orders of magnitude with small counting quantifiers. Experiments concerning realistic workloads show up to 76% energy reduction and 58% area reduction in comparison to traditional in-memory NFA processors.
description: This paper has been published in PLDI 2022
Dynamical constraints on the dark matter distribution in the Milky Way
Creators: name: Pato, Miguel
name: Iocco, Fabio
name: Bertone, Gianfranco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An accurate knowledge of the dark matter distribution in the Milky Way is of crucial importance for galaxy formation studies and current searches for particle dark matter. In this paper we set new dynamical constraints on the Galactic dark matter profile by comparing the observed rotation curve, updated with a comprehensive compilation of kinematic tracers, with that inferred from a wide range of observation-based morphologies of the bulge, disc and gas. The generalised Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) and Einasto dark matter profiles are fitted to the data in order to determine the favoured ranges of local density, slope and scale radius. For a representative baryonic model, a typical local circular velocity of 230 km/s and a distance of the Sun to the Galactic centre of 8 kpc, we find a local dark matter density of 0.420+0.021-0.018 (2 sigma) +- 0.025 GeV/cm^3 (0.420+0.019-0.021 (2 sigma) +- 0.026 GeV/cm^3) for NFW (Einasto), where the second error is an estimate of the systematic due to baryonic modelling. Apart from the Galactic parameters, the main sources of uncertainty inside and outside the solar circle are baryonic modelling and rotation curve measurements, respectively. Upcoming astronomical observations are expected to reduce all these uncertainties substantially over the coming years.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, matches published version
title: Basic principles of smoke management for atriums
Creators: name: Lougheed, G. D.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Institute for Research in Construction
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Atriums
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0442
subject: Atriums
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0442

description: Atriums can provide attractive, environmentally controlled, naturally lit spaces. But such spaces present a challenge for fire protection engineers because they lack floor-to-floor separations to limit the spread of fire and smoke to other areas of the building. Evacuation routes in atrium buildings are of greatest concern because they become vulnerable to spreading smoke unless smoke management measures are used. This Update outlines the basic principles of smoke management in atriums that must be understood in order to enhance occupant safety. A companion document, Construction Technology Update No. 48, discusses engineered, performance-based approaches to smoke management system design.
description: Les atriums offrent des lieux séduisants, éclairés par la lumière du jour et dont l'atmosphère est contrôlée. De tels espaces cependant représentent un vrai défi pour les ingénieurs spécialisés dans la sécurité-incendie car l'absence de cloisonnement entre les étages favorise la propagation du feu et de la fumée aux autres parties du bâtiment. Dans les bâtiments pourvus d'atrium, les chemins d'évacuation constituent notamment un problème car, en l'absence de système de gestion de la fumée, ils sont vite envahis par la fumée.Cet article souligne les principes de base de la gestion de la fumée dans les atriums, principes qui doivent être bien compris si l'on veut améliorer la sécurité des occupants. Un article connexe, Solution constructive n° 48, traite des approches techniques en matière de conception de système de gestion de la fumée, basées sur la performance.
Network-based inference of cancer progression from microarray data.
Creators: name: Yongjin  Park
name: Shackney, Stanley E.
name: Schwartz, Russell
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cancer cells exhibit a common phenotype of uncontrolled cell growth, but this phenotype may arise from many different combinations of mutations. By inferring how cells evolve in individual tumors, a process called cancer progression, we may be able to identify important mutational events for different tumor types, potentially leading to new therapeutics and diagnostics. Prior work has shown that it is possible to infer frequent progression pathways by using gene expression profiles to estimate "distances" between tumors. Here, we apply gene network models to improve these estimates of evolutionary distance by controlling for correlations among coregulated genes. We test three variants of this approach: one using an optimized best-fit network, another using sampling to infer a high-confidence subnetwork, and one using a modular network inferred from clusters of similarly expressed genes. Application to lung cancer and breast cancer microarray data sets shows small improvements in phylogenies when correcting from the optimized network and more substantial improvements when correcting from the sampled or modular networks. Our results suggest that a network correction approach improves estimates of tumor similarity, but sophisticated network models are needed to control for the large hypothesis space and sparse data currently available.
Functional determinants, index theorems, and exact quantum black hole entropy
Creators: name: Murthy, Sameer
name: Reys, Valentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact quantum entropy of BPS black holes can be evaluated using localization in supergravity. An important ingredient in this program, that has been lacking so far, is the one-loop effect arising from the quadratic fluctuations of the exact deformation (the $Q\mathcal{V}$ operator). We compute the fluctuation determinant for vector multiplets and hyper multiplets around $Q$-invariant off-shell configurations in four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ supergravity with $AdS_{2} \times S^{2}$ boundary conditions, using the Atiyah-Bott fixed-point index theorem and a subsequent zeta function regularization. Our results extend the large-charge on-shell entropy computations in the literature to a regime of finite charges. Based on our results, we present an exact formula for the quantum entropy of BPS black holes in $\mathcal{N}=2$ supergravity. We explain cancellations concerning $\frac18$-BPS black holes in $\mathcal{N}=8$ supergravity that were observed in arXiv:1111.1161. We also make comments about the interpretation of a logarithmic term in the topological string partition function in the low energy supergravity theory.
description: 47 pages; v3 accepted for publication in JHEP
Water-related risk reduction in urban development plans
Creators: name: Barbarossa, Luca
name: Pappalardo, Viviana
name: La Greca, Paolo
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2021

description: The goal to create hazard-resilient communities through sustainable land-use planning requires a fundamental change to the way in which planning is conceptualized and practiced. This implies a deep revision of the operationalizing policy and legislation at local levels and a clearer interpretation of the in-between domain of risk and emergency assessment and management. This study deals with the complex relation existing between land use planning and disaster risk reduction and focuses on water-related risks. It aims to explore and define a set of proposals for increasing the effectiveness of actions taken by local administrations, at the stage of drafting and implementing local land use masterplans, so to enhance all aspects of disaster risk reduction in the planning practice. In particular, novel contents for the local urban masterplans are investigated based on a case study located in eastern Sicily, Italy: considerations concern urban key criticalities analysed within the catchment of the Lavinaio-Platani, the latter acknowledged as the most dangerous stream in the considered area. Although focused on a specific context, the outcomes of this research may be relevant for a wider range of urbanized environments, especially if prone to flooding risk, by providing targeted recommendations and cross-sectoral perspectives to profitably inform innovative masterplans.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 2021: Special Issue. The emergency plan for the use and management of the territory