cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Long-term evolution of non-thermal emission from Type Ia and core-collapse supernova remnants in a diversified circumstellar medium
Creators: name: Kobashi, Ryosuke
name: Yasuda, Haruo
name: Lee, Shiu-Hang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The contribution of galactic supernova remnants (SNRs) to the origin of cosmic rays (CRs) is an important open question in modern astrophysics. Broadband non-thermal emission is a useful proxy for probing the energy budget and production history of CRs in SNRs. We conduct hydrodynamic simulations to model the long-term SNR evolution from explosion all the way to the radiative phase (or $3\times10^5$ yrs at maximum), and compute the time evolution of the broadband non-thermal spectrum to explore its potential applications on constraining the surrounding environments as well as the natures and mass-loss histories of the SNR progenitors. A parametric survey is performed on the ambient environments separated into two main groups, namely a homogeneous medium with a uniform gas density and one with the presence of a circumstellar structure created by the stellar wind of a massive red-supergiant (RSG) progenitor star. Our results reveal a highly diverse evolution history of the non-thermal emission closely correlated to the environmental characteristics of a SNR. Up to the radiative phase, the roles of CR re-acceleration and ion-neutral wave damping on the spectral evolution are investigated. Finally, we make an assessment of the future prospect of SNR observations by the next-generation hard X-ray space observatory FORCE and predict what we can learn from their comparison with our evolution models.
description: 27 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Nonlinear interactions between black holes and Proca fields
Creators: name: Zilhão, Miguel
name: Witek, Helvi
name: Cardoso, Vitor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physics beyond the Standard Model is an important candidate for dark matter, and an interesting testing ground for strong-field gravity: the equivalence principle "forces" all forms of matter to fall in the same way, and it is therefore natural to look for imprints of these fields in regions with strong gravitational fields, such as compact stars or black holes. Here we study General Relativity minimally coupled to a massive vector field, and how black holes in this theory lose "hair". Our results indicate that black holes can sustain Proca field condensates for extremely long time-scales.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures. Invited contribution to the Focus Issue on "Black holes and fundamental fields" to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity. Matches published version
Isotropic Imaging Techniques and Construction of Dental Cone Beam Computed Tomography System
Creators: name: Korina Skye Kempthorn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Dental imaging techniques have significantly evolved over the last four decades. While standard bite-wing radiography (SBW) offers a preferred method for caries detection, the evolution of stationary intraoral tomosynthesis offers a low radiation alternative, with enhanced image quality. Although traditional computed tomography generates improved contrast compared to SBW, the rise of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) allows for a compact medical imaging device, widely used in clinics due to its diagnostic accuracy. The isotropic aspect of CBCT images improves the detection of tooth fractures, root canal treatments, and surgery. This thesis aims to analyze and optimize the designs of two dental imaging modalities, stationary intraoral tomosynthesis (s-IOT) and a digital bench-top CBCT device. The s-IOT distortion altered the reconstruction of images, and the digital bench-top CBCT device was successfully created. Future research is addressed.
Tables S5-S9 from Serratia marcescens shapes cutaneous bacterial communities and influences survival of an amphibian host
Creators: name: Madison, Joseph D.
name: Ouellette, Scot P.
name: Emme Schmidt
name: Kerby, Jacob L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology

description: This file contains the supplementary staistical results of tables S5 through S9.
(778) William Hammond Breare
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Evaluating Pre-existing Drug Resistance Mutations as a Contributor of HIV-1 Therapy Failure Following First or Second Exposure To Antiviral Therapy in Pregnant Women in Malawi
Creators: name: Amon, Claire
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Modern HIV-1 therapies have led to significant improvements in both quality of life and helping to achieve suppression levels capable of preventing further transmission. These antiretroviral drugs are given in combination to suppress viral replication and overcome the high genetic diversity typical in an HIV-1 infection, diversity that would result in drug resistance mutations if the drugs were given singly or not at all. Therapy failure is, therefore, highly complex, and true resistance must overcome the combinatorial genetic barriers of multiple drugs. The purpose of this study was to analyze two cohorts of participants: the first who had previously taken combinatorial therapy to inhibit the viral enzyme reverse transcriptase (i.e. the viral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase) and the second who were beginning therapy for the first time. These participants were given the same treatment and followed for the effects that first and second exposure to antiretroviral therapy had on the development of drug resistance, and whether pre-existing drug resistance mutations (DRMs) were predictors of therapy failure during first or second exposure. Therapy failure was characterized by initial viral suppression followed by an increase in blood viral loads, or a distinct increase in viral load following therapy initiation. Blood plasma samples were collected from a cohort of pregnant women in Malawi and viral RNA, purified from the plasma, was sequenced using Primer ID and next-gen sequencing protocols. This approach allowed for the accurate detection of resistance mutations as minor variants in the population. Overall, the results indicate that drug resistance mutations were impactful when there were multiple mutations present, or when controlling for participants which presented as having poor adherence. Drug abundance, however, was not a significant contributor to therapy failure and even with low initial mutation frequency, participants with drug resistance ultimately failed therapy. This indicates that drug resistance and poor adherence are co-contributors to majority of these therapy failure outcomes. This research is important to identify the impact low-level drug resistance plays in treatment failure for HIV-1, and the potential for drug-resistant strains to attenuate and spread between people. Additionally, it indicates the importance of adherence as imperative for successful viral suppression.
DA white dwarfs from the LSS-GAC survey DR1: the preliminary luminosity and mass functions and formation rate
Creators: name: Rebassa-Mansergas, A.
name: Liu, X. -W.
name: Cojocaru, R.
name: Yuan, H. -B.
name: Torres, S.
name: Garcia-Berro, E.
name: Xiang, M. -X.
name: Huang, Y.
name: Koester, D.
name: Hou, Y.
name: Li, G.
name: Zhang, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern large-scale surveys have allowed the identification of large numbers of white dwarfs. However, these surveys are subject to complicated target selection algorithms, which make it almost impossible to quantify to what extent the observational biases affect the observed populations. The LAMOST (Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope) Spectroscopic Survey of the Galactic anti-center (LSS-GAC) follows a well-defined set of criteria for selecting targets for observations. This advantage over previous surveys has been fully exploited here to identify a small yet well-characterised magnitude-limited sample of hydrogen-rich (DA) white dwarfs. We derive preliminary LSS-GAC DA white dwarf luminosity and mass functions. The space density and average formation rate of DA white dwarfs we derive are 0.83+/-0.16 x 10^{-3} pc^{-3} and 5.42 +/- 0.08 x 10^{-13} pc^{-3} yr^{-1}, respectively. Additionally, using an existing Monte Carlo population synthesis code we simulate the population of single DA white dwarfs in the Galactic anti-center, under various assumptions. The synthetic populations are passed through the LSS-GAC selection criteria, taking into account all possible observational biases. This allows us to perform a meaningful comparison of the observed and simulated distributions. We find that the LSS-GAC set of criteria is highly efficient in selecting white dwarfs for spectroscopic observations (80-85 per cent) and that, overall, our simulations reproduce well the observed luminosity function. However, they fail at reproducing an excess of massive white dwarfs present in the observed mass function. A plausible explanation for this is that a sizable fraction of massive white dwarfs in the Galaxy are the product of white dwarf-white dwarf mergers.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures and 5 tables. Accepted for publication by MNRAS
The Radial Evolution of the Solar Wind as Organized by Electron Distribution Parameters
Creators: name: Halekas, J. S.
name: Whittlesey, P.
name: Larson, D. E.
name: Maksimovic, M.
name: Livi, R.
name: Berthomier, M.
name: Kasper, J. C.
name: Case, A. W.
name: Stevens, M. L.
name: Bale, S. D.
name: MacDowall, R. J.
name: Pulupa, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We utilize observations from the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) to study the radial evolution of the solar wind in the inner heliosphere. We analyze electron velocity distribution functions observed by the Solar Wind Electrons, Alphas, and Protons suite to estimate the coronal electron temperature and the local electric potential in the solar wind. From the latter value and the local flow speed, we compute the asymptotic solar wind speed. We group the PSP observations by asymptotic speed, and characterize the radial evolution of the wind speed, electron temperature, and electric potential within each group. In agreement with previous work, we find that the electron temperature (both local and coronal) and the electric potential are anti-correlated with wind speed. This implies that the electron thermal pressure and the associated electric field can provide more net acceleration in the slow wind than in the fast wind. We then utilize the inferred coronal temperature and the extrapolated electric + gravitational potential to show that both electric field driven exospheric models and the equivalent thermally driven hydrodynamic models can explain the entire observed speed of the slowest solar wind streams. On the other hand, neither class of model can explain the observed speed of the faster solar wind streams, which thus require additional acceleration mechanisms.
description: Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal
The temporal evolution of the energy flux across scales in homogeneous turbulence
Creators: name: Cardesa, José I.
name: Vela-Martín, Alberto
name: Dong, Siwei
name: Jiménez, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A temporal study of energy transfer across length scales is performed in 3D numerical simulations of homogeneous shear flow and isotropic turbulence. The average time taken by perturbations in the energy flux to travel between scales is measured and shown to be additive. Our data suggests that the propagation of disturbances in the energy flux is independent of the forcing and that it defines a `velocity' that determines the energy flux itself. These results support that the cascade is, on average, a scale-local process where energy is continuously transmitted from one scale to the next in order of decreasing size.
description: Accepted for publication as a Letter in Physics of Fluids
(781) Thomas Samuel Ackrill
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Neutral Stellar Winds Toward the High-Mass Star-Forming Region G176.51+00.20
Creators: name: Yingjie, Li
name: Ye, Xu
name: Jin-Long, Xu
name: Dejian, Liu
name: Jingjing, Li
name: Zehao, Lin
name: Peng, Jiang
name: Shuaibo, Bian
name: Chaojie, Hao
name: Xiuhui, Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed the high-mass star-forming region G176.51+00.20 using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) with the 19-beam tracking observational mode. This is a pilot work of searching for neutral stellar winds traced by atomic hydrogen (i.e., HI winds) using the high sensitivity HI line toward high-mass star-forming regions where bipolar molecular outflows have been detected with high sensitivity by Liu et al. HI wind was detected in this work only in Beam 1. We find here that, similar to low-mass star formation, no matter how large the inclination is, the HI wind is likely sufficiently strong to drive a molecular outflow. We also find that the abundance of HI in the HI wind is consistent with that of the HI narrow-line self-absorption (HINSA) in the same beam (i.e., Beam 1). This implies that there is probably an internal relationship between HI winds and HINSA. This result also reinforces the assertion that HI winds and detected molecular outflows are associated with each other.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables, accepted to ApJ
Summary of missing data in the main dataset from Primate hippocampus size and organization are predicted by sociality but not diet.
Creators: name: Todorov, Orlin S.
name: Weisbecker, Vera
name: Gilissen, Emmanuel
name: Zilles, Karl
name: Sousa, Alexandra A. De
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: The hippocampus is well known for its roles in spatial navigation and memory, but it is organized into regions that have different connections and functional specializations. Notably, the region CA2 has a role in social and not spatial cognition, as is the case for the regions CA1 and CA3 that surround it. Here, we investigated the evolution of the hippocampus in terms of its size and organization in relation to the evolution of social and ecological variables in primates, namely home range, diet and different measures of group size. We found that the volumes within the whole cornu ammonis coevolve with group size, while only the volume of CA1 and subiculum can also be predicted by home range. On the other hand, diet, expressed as a shift from folivory towards frugivory, was shown to not be related to hippocampal volume. Interestingly, CA2 was shown to exhibit phylogenetic signal only against certain measures of group size but not with ecological factors. We also found that sex differences in the hippocampus are related to body size sex dimorphism. This is in line with reports of sex differences in hippocampal volume in non-primates that are related to social structure and sex differences in behaviour. Our findings support the notion that in primates, the hippocampus is a mosaic structure evolving in line with social pressures, where certain subsections evolve in line with spatial ability too.
(775) Edward Pullan
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
ArcGIS: Importance for Engineers
Creators: name: Utsav Poudel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: ArcGIS is an extensive and integrated software developed by ESRI to work with map and geographic information. It is used for creating and using maps, compiling geographic data, analyzing mapped information, sharing and discovering geographic information, using maps, and geographic information in a range of applications, and managing geographic information in a database.
(774) Amy Pullan
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
On integrability of strings on symmetric spaces
Creators: name: Wulff, Linus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the absence of NSNS three-form flux the bosonic string on a symmetric space is described by a symmetric space coset sigma-model. Such models are known to be classically integrable. We show that the integrability extends also to cases with non-zero NSNS flux (respecting the isometries) provided that the flux satisfies a condition of the form H_{abc}H^{cde}~R_{ab}^{de}. We then turn our attention to the type II Green-Schwarz superstring on a symmetric space. We prove that if the space preserves some supersymmetry there exists a truncation of the full superspace to a supercoset space and derive the general form of the superisometry algebra. In the case of vanishing NSNS flux the corresponding supercoset sigma-model for the string is known to be integrable. We prove that the integrability extends to the full string by augmenting the supercoset Lax connection with terms involving the fermions which are not captured by the supercoset model. The construction is carried out to quadratic order in these fermions. This proves the integrability of strings on symmetric spaces supported by RR flux which preserve any non-zero amount of supersymmetry. Finally we also construct Lax connections for some supercoset models with non-zero NSNS flux describing strings in AdS(2,3) x S(2,3) x S(2,3) x T(2,3,4) backgrounds preserving eight supersymmetries.
description: 34 pages; v3: Minor clarifications, matches published version; v4: Missing local Lorentz transformation added in eqs. (2.14), (2.15) and (4.64)
(776) Louisa Slater
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(770) Caroline Day
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(771) Samuel Ackrill
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Deutschland transformieren:  Missionsagenturen als innovativer Baustein  zur Bewältigung gesamtgesellschaftlicher  Herausforderungen
Creators: name: Lindner, Ralf
name: Wittmann, Florian
name: Jackwerth-Rice, Thomas
name: Daimer, Stephanie
name: Edler, Jakob
name: Posch, Daniel
Publisher: name: Bertelsmann Stiftung
Year: 2022
Subjects: Innovation
Innovationspolitik
Missionsagentur
Transformation
Gesellschaftliche Herausforderung

description: Missionsorientierte Innovationspolitiken können einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Transformation unserer Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft leisten. Auch in Deutschland gewinnt der Ansatz der Missionsorientierung an Bedeutung, allerdings ist das politisch-administrative System nur unzureichend auf die konkrete Umsetzung vorbereitet. Um diese Lücke zu füllen, regt dieser Diskussionsbeitrag einen institutionellen Paradigmenwechsel auf dem Feld der transformativen, missionsorientierten Politik an und schlägt die Einrichtung fachlich spezialisierter Missionsagenturen vor. Als „Mission owner“ sollten diese die federführende und umfassende Steuerung transformativer Missionen übernehmen, die quer zu etablierten Politikfeldern liegen. Solche Missionsagenturen, die im Bereich des Bundeskanzleramts angesiedelt sein sollten, würden im Rahmen ihres Mandats als eigenständiger Akteur die jeweilige Mission über den gesamten Missionszyklus begleiten und mitgestalten.
Constraints on CP-violating gauge-Higgs operators
Creators: name: Dwivedi, Siddharth
name: Ghosh, Dilip Kumar
name: Mukhopadhyaya, Biswarup
name: Shivaji, Ambresh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the most general set of $SU(2) \times U(1)$ invariant CP-violating operators of dimension six, which contribute to $VVh$ interactions ($V = W, Z, γ$). Our aim is to constrain any CP-violating new physics above the electroweak scale via the effective couplings that arise when such physics is integrated out. For this purpose, we use, in turn, electroweak precision data, global fits of Higgs data at the Large Hadron Collider and the electric dipole moments of the neutron and the electron. We thus impose constraints mainly on two-parameter and three-parameter spaces. We find that the constraints from the electroweak precision data are the weakest. Among the existing Higgs search channels, considerable constraints come from the diphoton signal strength. We note that potential contribution to $h \rightarrow γZ$ may in principle be a useful constraining factor, but it can be utilized only in the high energy run. The contributions to electric dipole moments mostly lead to the strongest constraints, though somewhat fine-tuned combinations of more than one parameter with large magnitudes are allowed. We also discuss constraints on gauge boson trilinear couplings which depend on the parameters of the CP-violating operators .
description: Published in Physical Review D
Overlaps for Matrix Product States of Arbitrary Bond Dimension in ABJM theory
Creators: name: Gombor, Tamas
name: Kristjansen, Charlotte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find a closed formula for the overlap of Bethe eigenstates of an alternating $SU(4)$ spin chain, describing the scalar sector of ABJM theory, and matrix product states of any bond dimension representing 1/2 BPS co-dimension one domain walls in the field theory. One point functions of the defect CFTs involved, being directly expressible in terms of these overlaps, are hence completely determined.
description: 7 pages
title: Memory Effects, Multiple Time Scales and Local Stability in Langevin Models of the S&P500 Market Correlation
Creators: name: Wand, Tobias
name: Heßler, Martin
name: Kamps, Oliver
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 530 Physics

description: The analysis of market correlations is crucial for optimal portfolio selection of correlated assets, but their memory effects have often been neglected. In this work, we analyse the mean market correlation of the S&P500, which corresponds to the main market mode in principle component analysis. We fit a generalised Langevin equation (GLE) to the data whose memory kernel implies that there is a significant memory effect in the market correlation ranging back at least three trading weeks. The memory kernel improves the forecasting accuracy of the GLE compared to models without memory and hence, such a memory effect has to be taken into account for optimal portfolio selection to minimise risk or for predicting future correlations. Moreover, a Bayesian resilience estimation provides further evidence for non-Markovianity in the data and suggests the existence of a hidden slow time scale that operates on much slower times than the observed daily market data. Assuming that such a slow time scale exists, our work supports previous research on the existence of locally stable market states.
(711) Elizabeth [Pearson]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A topological join construction and the Toda system on compact surfaces of arbitrary genus
Creators: name: Jevnikar, Aleks
name: Kallel, Sadok
name: Malchiodi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J50, 35J61, 35R01

description: We consider a Toda system of Liouville equations defined on a compact surface which arises as a model for non-abelian Chern-Simons vortices. For the first time the range of parameters $ρ_1 \in (4kπ, 4(k+1)π)$, $k \in \mathbb{N}$, $ρ_2 \in (4π, 8π)$ is studied with a variational approach on surfaces with arbitrary genus. We provide a general existence result by means of a new improved Moser-Trudinger type inequality and introducing a topological join construction in order to describe the interaction of the two components.
(706) Emily Autey
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Multi-wavelength observations by XSM, Hinode and SDO of an active region. Chemical abundances and temperatures
Creators: name: Del Zanna, G.
name: Mondal, B.
name: Rao, Y. K.
name: Mithun, N. P. S.
name: Vadawale, S. V.
name: Reeves, K. K.
name: Mason, H. E.
name: Sarkar, A.
name: Janardhan, P.
name: Bhardwaj, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have reviewed the first year of observations of the Solar X-ray Monitor (XSM) onboard Chandrayaan-2, and the available multi-wavelength observations to complement the XSM data, focusing on Solar Dynamics Observatory AIA and Hinode XRT, EIS observations. XSM has provided disk-integrated solar spectra in the 1--15 keV energy range, observing a large number of microflares. We present an analysis of multi-wavelength observations of AR 12759 during its disk crossing. We use a new radiometric calibration of EIS to find that the quiescent AR core emission during its disk crossing has a distribution of temperatures and chemical abundances that does not change significantly over time. An analysis of the XSM spectra confirms the EIS results, and shows that the low First Ionization Potential (FIP) elements are enhanced, compared to their photospheric values. The frequent microflares produced by the AR did not affect the abundances of the quiescent AR core. We also present an analysis of one of the flares it produced, SOL2020-04-09T09:32. The XSM analysis indicates isothermal temperatures reaching 6 MK. The lack of very high-T emission is confirmed by AIA. We find excellent agreement between the observed XSM spectrum and the one predicted using an AIA DEM analysis. In contrast, the XRT Al-Poly / Be-thin filter ratio gives lower temperatures for the quiescent and flaring phases. We show that this is due to the sensitivity of this ratio to low temperatures, as the XRT filter ratios predicted with a DEM analysis based on EIS and AIA gives values in good agreement with the observed ones.
description: accepted for publication
Formation of Phobos and Deimos via a Giant Impact
Creators: name: Citron, Robert
name: Genda, Hidenori
name: Ida, Shigeru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the two moons of Mars, Phobos and Deimos, have long been thought to be captured asteroids, recent observations of their compositions and orbits suggest that they may have formed from debris generated by one or more giant impacts of bodies with ~ 0.01 x target mass. Recent studies have both analytically estimated debris produced by giant impacts on Mars and numerically examined the evolution of circum-Mars debris disks. We perform a numerical study (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics simulation) of debris retention from giant impacts onto Mars, particularly in relation to a Borealis-scale giant impact (E ~ 3 x 10^29 J) capable of producing the Borealis basin. We find that a Borealis-scale impact is capable of producing a disk of mass ~ 5 x 10^20 kg (~ 1 - 4 % of the impactor mass), sufficient debris to form at least one of the martian moons according to recent numerical studies of martian debris disk evolution. While a Borealis-scale impact may generate sufficient debris to form both Phobos and Deimos, further studies of the debris disk evolution are necessary. Our results can serve as inputs for future studies of martian debris disk evolution.
description: Accepted to Icarus
Summary of missing data in the main dataset from Primate hippocampus size and organization are predicted by sociality but not diet
Creators: name: Todorov, Orlin S.
name: Weisbecker, Vera
name: Gilissen, Emmanuel
name: Zilles, Karl
name: Sousa, Alexandra A. De
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: The hippocampus is well known for its roles in spatial navigation and memory, but it is organized into regions that have different connections and functional specializations. Notably, the region CA2 has a role in social and not spatial cognition, as is the case for the regions CA1 and CA3 that surround it. Here, we investigated the evolution of the hippocampus in terms of its size and organization in relation to the evolution of social and ecological variables in primates, namely home range, diet and different measures of group size. We found that the volumes within the whole cornu ammonis coevolve with group size, while only the volume of CA1 and subiculum can also be predicted by home range. On the other hand, diet, expressed as a shift from folivory towards frugivory, was shown to not be related to hippocampal volume. Interestingly, CA2 was shown to exhibit phylogenetic signal only against certain measures of group size but not with ecological factors. We also found that sex differences in the hippocampus are related to body size sex dimorphism. This is in line with reports of sex differences in hippocampal volume in non-primates that are related to social structure and sex differences in behaviour. Our findings support the notion that in primates, the hippocampus is a mosaic structure evolving in line with social pressures, where certain subsections evolve in line with spatial ability too.
Evaluation of the blackbody radiation shift of an Yb optical lattice clock at KRISS
Creators: name: Heo, Myoung-Sun
name: Kim, Huidong
name: Yu, Dai-Hyuk
name: Lee, Won-Kyu
name: Park, Chang Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As optical clocks are improved to reach the frequency uncertainty below the 10$^{-17}$ level, the frequency shift due to the blackbody radiation (BBR) has been one of the major systematic effects hindering further improvement. To evaluate the BBR shift of an Yb optical lattice clock at KRISS, we installed an in-vacuum BBR shield and made radiation thermometry using a black-coated-sphere thermal probe. After we quantitatively measured the conduction loss of the thermal probe and the effects of all the external radiation sources, we determined the temperature at the atom trap site with an uncertainty of 13 mK, which corresponds to an uncertainty of 0.22 mHz in the clock frequency (a fractional frequency of $4.2\times10^{-19}$). The total uncertainty of the BBR shift including the atomic response is $9.5\times10^{-19}$.
Observational constraints on cosmic-ray escape from UHE accelerators
Creators: name: Luce, Quentin
name: Marafico, Sullivan
name: Biteau, Jonathan
name: Condorelli, Antonio
name: Deligny, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interactions of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) accelerated in specific astrophysical environments have been shown to shape the energy production rate of nuclei differently from that of the secondary neutrons escaping from the confinement zone. Here, we aim at testing a generic scenario of in-source interactions through a phenomenological modeling of the flux and composition of UHECRs. We fit a model in which nucleons and nuclei follow different particle energy distributions to the all-particle energy spectrum, proton spectrum below the ankle energy and distributions of maximum shower depths above this energy, as inferred at the Pierre Auger Observatory. We obtain that the data can be reproduced using a spatial distribution of sources that follows the density of extragalactic matter on both local and large scales, providing hence a realistic set of constraints for the emission mechanisms in cosmic accelerators, for their energetics and for the abundances of elements at escape from their environments. While the quasi mono-elemental increase of the cosmic-ray mass number observed on Earth from ${\simeq}\: 2\:$EeV up to the highest energies calls for nuclei accelerated with a hard spectral index, the inferred flux of protons down to ${\simeq}\: 0.6\:$ EeV is shown to require for this population a spectral index significantly softer than that generally obtained up to now. We demonstrate that modeling UHECR data across the ankle substantiate the conjecture of in-source interactions in a robust statistical framework, although pushing the mechanism to the extreme.
Disparities in Depressive Symptomology across Urban-Rural Areas and the Four Regions of the United States of America
Creators: name: Vemulapalli, Nikhita
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: It is of utmost interest for current research to better understand potential contributing factors to mental health disparities based on residential context. In this research study, I contribute to the existing literature on U.S. mental health disparities by estimating disparities in depressive symptomology across the urban-rural continuum of the United States and across the four U.S. Census regions. I use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), adults aged 33-43, to measure mental health across the urban-rural continuum and by region through the use of cross-tabulations and linear regression models. I find that there are no clear differences in mental health along the urban-rural continuum or across regions of the country. I also find relatively low proportions of individuals with high depression scores in each region. However, sex and race/ethnicity each have significant relationships with mental health, such that young adult women and Blacks have higher depressive symptomology scores than men and Whites, respectively. Future research should explore how such factors are distributed across urban and rural communities in the four regions of the United States, to identify if particular areas are at heightened risk for unique challenges with mental health.
title: CYWARN: Strategy and Technology Development for Cross-Platform Cyber Situational Awareness and Actor-Specific Cyber Threat Communication
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Marc-André
name: Fromm, Jennifer
name: Riebe, Thea
name: Mirbabaie, Milad
name: Kuehn, Philipp
name: Basyurt, Ali Sercan
name: Bayer, Markus
name: Stöttinger, Marc
name: Eyilmez, Kaan
name: Möller, Reinhard
name: Fuchß, Christoph
name: Stieglitz, Stefan
name: Reuter, Christian
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023

description: Despite the merits of digitisation in private and professional spaces, critical infrastructures and societies are increasingly ex-posed to cyberattacks. Thus, Computer Emergency Response Teams (CERTs) are deployed in many countries and organisations to enhance the preventive and reactive capabilities against cyberattacks. However, their tasks are getting more complex by the increasing amount and varying quality of information dissem-inated into public channels. Adopting the perspectives of Crisis Informatics and safety-critical Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and based on both a narrative literature review and group discussions, this paper first outlines the research agenda of the CYWARN project, which seeks to design strategies and technolo-gies for cross-platform cyber situational awareness and actor-spe-cific cyber threat communication. Second, it identifies and elabo-rates eight research challenges with regard to the monitoring, analysis and communication of cyber threats in CERTs, which serve as a starting point for in-depth research within the project.
The Role of TET2 DNA Demethylase in the Regulation of PD-1 Expression in Macrophages
Creators: name: Lu, Kaylene
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) play a vital role in suppressing the immune system and promoting self-tolerance. Because tumor cells are known to express PD-L1 to evade immune detection, the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway has been the target of recent cancer therapeutic efforts. Research to date has primarily focused on T cells, even though the pathway has also been shown to have implications in other immune cells like macrophages. Recent studies have indicated that the NF-κB signaling pathway promotes PD-1 expression in macrophages. In this project, I aim to further elucidate how PD-1 expression is regulated in macrophages, specifically exploring the epigenetic control of macrophage antitumor responses. Our lab has previously demonstrated interactions between NF-κB family proteins and TET2 DNA demethylase. To study the possible role of TET2 in PD-1 regulation, we used CRISPR-Cas9 to generate TET2 knockout (KO) RAW 264.7 macrophage cell lines. I then measured PD-1 mRNA levels in wildtype and KO cells using qRT-PCR after stimulation of the NF-κB pathway by lipopolysaccharide and inactivation of TET2 by the inhibitor itaconic acid. I found that TET2 transcriptionally promotes PD-1 expression, acting as a mediator between the NF-κB pathway and PD-1 expression. Understanding the mechanism of PD-1 regulation in macrophages will offer new insights for the enhancement of existing cancer immunotherapy.
Effects of large induced superconducting gap on semiconductor Majorana nanowires
Creators: name: Cole, William S.
name: Sarma, S. Das
name: Stanescu, Tudor D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the recent achievement of extremely high-quality epitaxial interfaces between InAs nanowires and superconducting Al shells with strong superconductor-semiconductor tunnel coupling, a new regime of proximity-induced superconductivity in semiconductors can be explored where the induced gap may be similar in value to the bulk Al gap (large gap) with negligible subgap conductance (hard gap). We propose several experimentally relevant consequences of this large-gap strong-coupling regime for tunneling experiments, and we comment on the prospects of this regime for topological superconductivity. In particular, we show that the advantages of having a strong spin-orbit coupling and a large spin g-factor in the semiconductor nanowire may both be compromised in this strongly coupled limit, and somewhat weaker interface tunneling may be necessary for achieving optimal proximity superconductivity in the semiconductor nanowire. We derive a minimal, generic theory for the strong-coupling hard-gap regime obtaining good qualitative agreement with the experiment and pointing out future directions for further progress toward Majorana nanowires in hybrid semiconductor-superconductor structures.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures; published version
Confidentiality in International Commercial Arbitration: Is it an Accepted Principle, and if so, Should the Model Law Regulate it?
Creators: name: KENNY, CAROLINE MAJELLA
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other law and legal studies not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis examines two research questions: first, whether confidentiality in international commercial arbitration (‘ICA’) is an ‘accepted principle’, and second, if the answer to the first question is positive, whether confidentiality should be regulated by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (‘UNCITRAL’) Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration (1985), with amendments adopted in 2006 (‘Model Law’) and how such a provision would be framed. To place the questions in context, there is empirical evidence that confidentiality is expected by users of ICA but despite this expectation there appears to be no uniform approach on confidentiality in national laws and institutional rules.