cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
INetCEP: In-Network Complex Event Processing for Information-Centric Networking
Creators: name: Luthra, Manisha
name: Koldehofe, Boris
name: Höchst, Jonas
name: Lampe, Patrick
name: Rizvi, Ali Haider
name: Kundel, Ralf
name: Freisleben, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Emerging network architectures like Information-centric Networking (ICN) offer simplicity in the data plane by addressing named data. Such flexibility opens up the possibility to move data processing inside network elements for high-performance computation, known as in-network processing. However, existing ICN architectures are limited in terms of data plane programmability due to the lack of (i) in-network processing and (ii) data plane programming abstractions. Such architectures can benefit from Complex Event Processing (CEP), an in-network processing paradigm to efficiently process data inside the data plane. Yet, it is extremely challenging to integrate CEP because the current communication model of ICN is limited to consumer-initiated interaction that comes with significant overhead in a number of requests to process continuous data streams. In contrast, a change to producer-initiated interaction, as favored by CEP, imposes severe limitations for request-reply interactions. In this paper, we propose an in-network CEP architecture, INetCEP that supports unified interaction patterns (consumer- and producer-initiated). In addition, we provide a CEP query language and facilitate CEP operations while increasing the range of applications that can be supported by ICN. We provide an open-source implementation and evaluation of INetCEP over an ICN architecture, Named Function Networking, and two applications: energy forecasting in smart homes and a disaster scenario.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2012.05070
Elicitation on reflexives, wh-questions, and focus
Creators: name: Carrillo Godínez, Silvia Lucrecia
name: Sales, Henry
name: Scott, Tessa
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: mam

description: This is a remote video interview held using Zoom.

The elicitation focuses on reflexives, wh- questions and their sentential answers (with focus).

In this file bundle: 1 Zoom audio/video recording, 1 Zoom chat file, 1 pdf of typed notes.
Extended methods section, maximum likelihood substructure probabilities and full genotype table from Tragedy of the commons in Melipona bees revisited
Creators: name: Oliveira, Ricardo Caliari
name: Di Pietro, Viviana
name: Quezada-Euán, José Javier G.
name: Pech, Jorge Ramirez
name: Moo-Valle, Humberto
name: Wenseleers, Tom
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Melipona stingless bees display a paradoxical overproduction of queens, which are later eliminated by nest-mate workers. Mechanistically, it was suggested that the monoterpenoid geraniol deposited into newly provisioned cells by adult bees would cause larvae to develop into queens in Melipona beecheii. This system could be evolutionary stable if many of these new queens would leave the nest and parasitize other genetically unrelated colonies nearby, as was shown to occur in a congeneric species. Here, we use microsatellite markers to test whether queen overproduction could be a strategy by which adult workers control the caste fate of the developing larvae to export copies of their own genes to the rest of the population via queen parasitism in M. beecheii. In addition, we re-examined whether artificially increasing the levels of geraniol indeed caused larvae to develop as queens rather than workers. Contrary to our prediction, we found no evidence for queen parasitism in M. beecheii and observed no effect of geraniol on the rearing of new queens. Together, these results support the original ‘tragedy of the commons' hypothesis for queen overproduction in Melipona bees, where individual larvae selfishly bias their development towards the queen pathway according to their best evolutionary interests.
Observations of a prominence eruption and loop contraction
Creators: name: Devi, Pooja
name: Démoulin, Pascal
name: Chandra, Ramesh
name: Joshi, Reetika
name: Schmieder, Brigitte
name: Joshi, Bhuwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Prominence eruptions provide key observations to understand the launch of coronal mass ejections as their cold plasma traces a part of the unstable magnetic configuration. Aims. We select a well observed case to derive observational constraints for eruption models. Methods. We analyze the prominence eruption and loop expansion and contraction observed on 02 March 2015 associated with a GOES M3.7 class flare (SOL2015-03-02T15:27) using the data from Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) and the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI). We study the prominence eruption and the evolution of loops using the time-distance techniques. Results. The source region is a decaying bipolar active region where magnetic flux cancellation is present for several days before the eruption. AIA observations locate the erupting prominence within a flux rope viewed along its local axis direction. We identify and quantify the motion of loops in contraction and expansion located on the side of the erupting flux rope. Finally, RHESSI hard X-ray observations identify the loop top and two foot-point sources. Conclusions. Both AIA and RHESSI observations support the standard model of eruptive flares. The contraction occurs 19 minutes after the start of the prominence eruption indicating that this contraction is not associated with the eruption driver. Rather, this prominence eruption is compatible with an unstable flux rope where the contraction and expansion of the lateral loop is the consequence of a side vortex developing after the flux rope is launched.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, and appendix
The impact of cross-cultural reentry on shaping life histories
Creators: name: Crystal, Kenneth M.J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A hermeneutic-phenomenological, mutli-case study was conducted to discern how the experience of cross-cultural reentry impacts the life histories of three repatriated, English speaking, Canadian males. In this study, identity is defined as a self-narrative. During an audiotaped, in-depth interview, the co-researchers described motivations for leaving Canada, their experiences of life overseas, cross-cultural reentry to Canada, as well as, expectations concerning their futures. A comparative analysis was conducted to illustrate common themes and narrative structure among the three accounts. The overall cross-cultural experience was seen to be structured as an adventure: the quest for personhood. The drive towards personhood is described as the search for harmony among the various stances or roles that provide life with a sense of fulfillment and meaning. The cross-cultural quest for personhood has four phases. The first two phases of the quest correspond to leave taking and of consecrating an overseas home. These phases are defined by their outward adventure of action taking. Themes associated with phase one are separation, attachment, commitment and unfinished business. Themes associated with phase two are building a framework of life supports and settling down. The next phase of the story corresponds to disruption of the co-researchers' lives and an inward adventure of sustained self-confrontations. Themes highlighted during this period of cross-cultural reentry are developmental, cultural, and temporal assaults upon self-identity. The final phase of the story corresponds to responsibility-taking and the re-appropriation of a life path towards fulfillment. Implication for models of cross-cultural adjustment, as well as, implications for counseling practice, are discussed.
The minimum mass for star formation, and the origin of binary brown dwarfs
Creators: name: Whitworth, A. P.
name: Stamatellos, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our first aim is to calculate the minimum mass for Primary Fragmentation in a variety of potential star-formation scenarios, i.e. (i) hierarchical fragmentation of a 3-D medium; (ii) one-shot, 2-D fragmentation of a shock-compressed layer; (iii) fragmentation of a circumstellar disc. Our second aim is to evaluate the role of H2 dissociation in facilitating Secondary Fragmentation and thereby producing close, low-mass binaries. Results: (i)For contemporary, local star formation, the minimum mass for Primary Fragmentation is in the range 0.001-0.004Msun, irrespective of the scenario considered. (ii)Circumstellar discs are only able to radiate fast enough to undergo Primary Fragmentation in their cool outer parts (R>100AU). Therefore brown dwarfs (BDs) should have difficulty forming by Primary Fragmentation at R<30AU, explaining the Brown Dwarf Desert.Conversely, Primary Fragmentation at R>100AU could be the source of brown dwarfs in wide orbits, and could explain why massive discs with Rd>100AU are rarely seen.(iii)H2 dissociation can lead to collapse and Secondary Fragmentation, thereby converting primary fragments into close, low-mass binaries, with semi-major axes a~5AU(Msystem/0.1Msun), in good agreement with observation; in this case, the minimum mass for Primary Fragmentation becomes a minimum system mass, rather than a minimum stellar mass.(iv)Any primary fragment can undergo Secondary Fragmentation, producing a close low-mass binary, provided only that the fragment is spinning. Secondary Fragmentation is therefore most likely in fragments formed in the outer parts of discs, and this could explain why a BD in a wide orbit about a Sun-like star has a greater likelihood of having a BD companion than a BD in the field -as seems to be observed.
description: 15 pages, A&A accepted
Jacob Beser: The Forgotten Hiroshima and Nagasaki Crewmember and the Construction of Atomic Memory
Creators: name: Soos, John Joseph
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Bockscar
Enola Gay
Hiroshima
Jacob Beser
Nagasaki

description: Jacob Beser, the only man to have flown on the strike aircraft to both Hiroshima and Nagasaki, was energetically engaged in shaping the memory and interpretation of those events. As the radar countermeasures officer on the Enola Gay and Bockscar, the B-29s that dropped the bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, respectively, Jacob Beser made sure that the Japanese would not interfere with the mission and ensured that both weapons detonated where and when they were intended. Two major research questions are addressed in this thesis: (1)What role did Jacob Beser play in the atomic bombings of Japan, and (2)What was his role in confronting the critics of the bombings, thus shaping American memory of that event?      This paper employs first person accounts: memoirs, biographies, personal notes, interviews, and reporters' accounts, as well as various works of historians who specialize in the history of the war against Japan. It is structured in three major sections: (1) the historical debate over the use of the bombs, (2) Beser's role during the war, and (3) Beser's post-war defense of the bombings.      It is clear that Jacob Beser played a crucial role in the development and delivery of the atomic bombs and ardently defended the traditional position that the atomic bombs' use was necessary to save lives and bring the war to an early end. He was a very patriotic man and a passionate defender of President Truman's decision to use the atomic bomb against Japan.
Crafting the Weights of a Convolutional Neural Network to Make a Drawing
Creators: name: Ulberg, Erik
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120199 Architecture not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: A growing number of visual artists use convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in their practice. While CNNs show promise as a form of representation in art, the lack of interpretability of CNNs limits creative control to high level decisions around datasets, algorithms, and hyperparameters. As an alternative, the field of computer vision presents a more immediate paradigm of control through the hand-crafting of convolutional kernels. This thesis investigates the hand-crafted approach as an additional creative lever for artists working with CNNs. It reimagines network weights as a continuous, spatial, and computational material supporting direct human interaction. Two experimental tools are proposed: one for parametricallygenerating first layer kernels and the other for editing multiple layers. These tools attempt to transform the hand-crafting of features into “crafting” in a truer sense by bringingCNNs and visual materials into a close feedback loop. The author extensively engaged with these tools and this serves as a case study that examines the affordances of hand-crafted CNNs. The results suggest that hand-crafted CNNs can be a viable form of representation for artists seeking to build simple, bespoke feature detectors, but that more complex CNNs would likely require a hybrid approach integrating data-driven methods.
Predictions for the Angular Dependence of Gas Mass Flow Rate and Metallicity in the Circumgalactic Medium
Creators: name: Peroux, Celine
name: Nelson, Dylan
name: van de Voort, Freeke
name: Pillepich, Annalisa
name: Marinacci, Federico
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Hernquist, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use cosmological hydrodynamical simulations to examine the physical properties of the gas in the circumgalactic media (CGM) of star-forming galaxies as a function of angular orientation. We utilise TNG50 of the IllustrisTNG project, as well as the EAGLE simulation to show that observable properties of CGM gas correlate with azimuthal angle, defined as the galiocentric angle with respect to the central galaxy. Both simulations are in remarkable agreement in predicting a strong modulation of flow rate direction with azimuthal angle: inflow is more substantial along the galaxy major axis, while outflow is strongest along the minor axis. The absolute rates are noticeably larger for higher (log(M_* / M_sun) ~ 10.5) stellar mass galaxies, up to an order of magnitude compared to M^dot < 1 M_sun/yr/sr for log(M_* / M_sun) ~ 9.5 objects. Notwithstanding the different numerical and physical models, both TNG50 and EAGLE predict that the average metallicity of the CGM is higher along the minor versus major axes of galaxies. The angular signal is robust across a wide range of galaxy stellar mass 8.5 < log(M_* / M_sun) < 10.5 at z<1. This azimuthal dependence is particularly clear at larger impact parameters b > 100 kpc. Our results present a global picture whereby, despite the numerous mixing processes, there is a clear angular dependence of the CGM metallicity. We make forecasts for future large survey programs that will be able to compare against these expectations. Indeed, characterising the kinematics, spatial distribution and metal content of CGM gas is key to a full understanding of the exchange of mass, metals, and energy between galaxies and their surrounding environments.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 13 pages, 6 figures
Privacy Protection in Mobile Advertising
Creators: name: Kweon, Hyunsook
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: Mobile advertising
Privacy
privacy protection

description: With the pervasiveness of mobile devices in our daily life continues increasing, mobile advertising is becoming an important and feasible marketing strategy. However, there have been growing concerns about users' privacy issues in mobile advertising due to its intrusive nature and practice, which can affect consumers' acceptance and effectiveness of mobile ads. Aiming to gain a deeper understanding of not only users' concerns of privacy intrusion, but also potential solutions to addressing those concerns in mobile advertisement, I conducted an empirical survey in this research. The findings of this study provide a few useful insights for researchers, advertisers, and businesses into both the importance and methods of privacy protection in mobile advertisement from a user perspective.
Combining Spectral CT Acquisition Methods for High-Sensitivity Material Decomposition
Creators: name: Tivnan, Matthew
name: Wang, Wenying
name: Gang, Grace
name: Liapi, Eleni
name: Noel, Peter
name: Stayman, J. Webster
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Quantitative estimation of contrast agent concentration is made possible by spectral CT and material decomposition. There are several approaches to modulate the sensitivity of the imaging system to obtain the different spectral channels required for decomposition. Spectral CT technologies that enable this varied sensitivity include source kV-switching, dual-layer detectors, and source-side filtering (e.g., tiled spatial-spectral filters). In this work, we use an advanced physical model to simulate these three spectral CT strategies as well as hybrid acquisitions using all combinations of two or three strategies. We apply model-based material decomposition to a water-iodine phantom with iodine concentrations from 0.1 to 5.0 mg/mL. We present bias-noise plots for the different combinations of spectral techniques and show that combined approaches permit diversity in spectral sensitivity and improve low concentration imaging performance relative to the those strategies applied individually. Better ability to estimate low concentrations of contrast agent has the potential to reduce risks associated with contrast administration (by lowering dosage) or to extend imaging applications into targets with much lower uptake.
Utilizing Import Vector Machines to Identify Dangerous Pro-active Traffic Conditions
Creators: name: Yang, Kui
name: Zhao, Wenjing
name: Antoniou, Constantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traffic accidents have been a severe issue in metropolises with the development of traffic flow. This paper explores the theory and application of a recently developed machine learning technique, namely Import Vector Machines (IVMs), in real-time crash risk analysis, which is a hot topic to reduce traffic accidents. Historical crash data and corresponding traffic data from Shanghai Urban Expressway System were employed and matched. Traffic conditions are labelled as dangerous (i.e. probably leading to a crash) and safe (i.e. a normal traffic condition) based on 5-minute measurements of average speed, volume and occupancy. The IVM algorithm is trained to build the classifier and its performance is compared to the popular and successfully applied technique of Support Vector Machines (SVMs). The main findings indicate that IVMs could successfully be employed in real-time identification of dangerous pro-active traffic conditions. Furthermore, similar to the "support points" of the SVM, the IVM model uses only a fraction of the training data to index kernel basis functions, typically a much smaller fraction than the SVM, and its classification rates are similar to those of SVMs. This gives the IVM a computational advantage over the SVM, especially when the size of the training data set is large.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)
America's Revolutionary War
Creators: name: Oppenheimer, Douglas Taft
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: American Revolution
Insurgency
irregular warfare
Military
revolutionary war
War for Independence

description: By the 1960s, motivated by the phenomena of irregular warfare and the approach of the American Revolution's bicentennial, military experts and journalists began a discourse on whether the War for Independence could be classified as a modern insurgency.   Although the discussion has remained both divided and limited up until now, the advent of the U.S. Army and Marine Corps Counterinsurgency Field Manual in 2006 and its comprehensive model for popular protracted war matches up in interesting ways to the American Revolution and offers analytical possibilities for historians. This study intends to show that not only does most of the Manual's specified elements and dynamics of insurgency appear in the American Revolution, but also the logical progression of them within the model for popular protracted war offers new points of discussion.
Development of graphene-based end-of-life sensors for fire-protective fabrics
Creators: Dolez, Patricia I.
Chung, H.-J
Batcheller, J.
Cho, C.
Yehia, D.
Zheng, L.
Braun, C.A.
Khalkhali, R.
Lin, Z.
Chhetry, A.
Saha, A.
Hoque, Md. Saiful
Khemir, M.
Samaraweera, N.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

The protective clothing industry and workers at risk of exposure to heat and flame can rely on some high performance materials developed over the last fifty years to provide the protection needed while allowing some level of comfort. This includes a series of inherently thermal- and fire-resistant fibres such as para- and meta-aramids. However, if these materials exhibit exceptional performance when new, the various conditions they are exposed to during the lifetime of the clothing will reduce their performance over time (1). In addition, these large losses in performance may occur before any sign of damage is visible to the naked eye (2). Finally, the current increase in the laundering frequency of the protective clothing resulting from the discovery that smoke particles and combustion-generated carcinogenic chemicals can penetrate firefighters’ protective clothing (3), will make obsolete the current retirement directives. To tackle this critical issue, a graphene-based textile end-of-life sensor has been developed to allow

monitoring the condition of the fire-protective clothing over its lifetime. The sensor will be stitched at a few strategic locations on the fire-protective clothing. The residual conductivity of the sensor will be measured using a simple multimeter as part of the regular assessment that firefighters and other workers at risk of heat and flame exposure are required to do of their protective equipment. Based on the values measured, they will be warned if their protective clothing has experienced a level of exposure to aging conditions that may have decreased its performance below the safe range and thus needs to be replaced.
interACT H2020 Project - D7.3 Proceedings of the interACT Final Event
Creators: name: Pantelis, Kanellopoulos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The current deliverable constitutes a detailed report of the activities made within Task 7.3 “Dissemination of foreground and events” in regards to the organisation of interACT Virtual Final Event that took place on the 18th and 19th June of 2020. These activities include the agenda creation, the invitations sent to potential attendees, the digital promotional materials created, the announcements made via social media for raising the visibility of the event and additional work performed around the final event. Nevertheless, it should be mentioned that the interACT consortium had already planned a physical event that would have been held on April 1st of 2020 and preparatory activities towards its realization had been made. Particularly, the venue’s location was selected to be in Fürstenfeldbruck area (Bavaria) close to BMW test tract in Maisach. The physical conference as well as the exhibition would have taken place in Fürstenfeldbruck and the demonstration of interACT test cars would have been made in Maisach.

 After the COVID-19 outbreak the interACT consortium had to cancel the physical event and after receiving an extension on project’s lifecycle due to the unpredictable impact of the pandemic the event was turned to a virtual one. However, within this deliverable only the activities made for organizing and realizing the virtual event of the project, are described.

 Lastly, D7.3 includes the reports from the presentations given by the interACT partners during the online event for ensuring that readers have an overview about the presented results of the project.
A Mixed Modeling Environment Exploring Tangible and Digital Interactions for Iterative Design Modeling
Creators: name: Hongtao Ma
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120199 Architecture not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: This thesis explores the concept of embodied virtuality in design modeling and proposes a way of creating 3D models through the concurrent manipulation of both physical and digital representations. Inspired by researchers' efforts to explore the interaction patterns for 3D modeling, the idea of taking advantage of both tangible and graphical interfaces is emerging: the physical space supports embodied interaction, while the digital space offers parametric editing operations as well as some post-processing functions. Based on an analysis of previous researches, this thesis argues that by combining the half-edge mesh data structure with a physical encoding of geometries in voxels, we can leverage some of the strengths of both digital and physical modeling environments, opening new ways for professional and non-professional users to create geometric models.In this thesis, a mixed modeling system is prototyped as a modeling tool. The system supports concurrent interaction with both the tangible cubes and the graphical interface, making it convenient to iterate the design. The project aims to set up a mixed modeling framework that is extendable, so future research can extend either the tangible or the graphical interface.
Cyberbullying Behavior: Characteristics, Development, and Prevention
Creators: name: Owusu, Samuel
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014

description: As the computer-mediated communication technologies constantly evolve, they create new opportunities for people to communicate with one another.  Due to some inherent characteristics of these technologies such as anonymity and persistence, the emerging communication platforms have become a hotbed for cyberbullying - a type of cyber threat. Previous studies have shown that there is greater incidence of cyberbullying, and the negative impact such as social anxiety and a tendency for low self-esteem may even be carried over into adulthood. This research proposes a behavioral development model of cyber-bullying based on psychology theories. The model consists of seven main stages: blameless exposure, trying out, addiction, escalation, desensitization, and exhibition. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to test the proposed model. Survey questionnaire and interviews were selected as the main data collection methods. The results of regression analysis provide empirical support for the proposed model.
Interlayer Ferromagnetism and High-Temperature Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in \textit{p}-Doped MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ Multilayers
Creators: name: Han, Yulei
name: Sun, Shiyang
name: Qi, Shifei
name: Xu, Xiaohong
name: Qiao, Zhenhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interlayer antiferromagnetic coupling hinders the observation of quantum anomalous Hall effect in magnetic topological insulator MnBi$_2$Te$_4$. We demonstrate that interlayer \textit{ferromagnetism} can be established by utilizing the \textit{p}-doping method in MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ multilayers. In two septuple-layers system, the interlayer ferromagnetic coupling appears by doping nonmagnetic elements (e.g., N, P, As, Na, Mg, K, and Ca), due to the redistribution of orbital occupations of Mn. We further find that Mg and Ca elements are the most suitable candidates because of their low formation energy. Although, the \textit{p}-doped two septuple layers exhibit topologically trivial band structure, the increase of layer thickness to three (four) septuple layers with Ca (Mg) dopants leads to the formation of the quantum anomalous Hall effect. Our proposed \textit{p}-doping strategy not only makes MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ become an ideal platform to realize the high-temperature quantum anomalous Hall effect without external magnetic field, but also can compensate the electrons from the intrinsic \textit{n}-type defects in MnBi$_2$Te$_4$.
Sources of information used by women during pregnancy to meet their information needs
Creators: name: Grimes, Heather
name: Forster, Della
name: Newton, Michelle
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4204
subject: Midwifery
classificationCode: 3215
subject: Reproductive medicine
classificationCode: 4205
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 420603
subject: Health promotion
classificationCode: 420605
subject: Preventative health care

description: Aim of the study: to explore the information sources used by women during pregnancy to meet their information needs regarding pregnancy, birth and the postpartum period. Design: a cross-sectional postal survey of all eligible women who birthed at the Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia between November 2010 and January 2011. Surveys were sent at four months post partum. Findings: forty-seven per cent (350/752) of eligible women returned the surveys, of whom 62% were primiparous. 'Discussion with a midwife' was the source of information used by the greatest number of women during pregnancy (246/350, 70%). Less than half of the women used the internet to access information (154/350, 44%), and group information sessions were the least preferred information format (8/330, 2.4%). Women from non-English speaking backgrounds (NESB) were less likely to use written and online resources. One-third of the women had unmet learning needs, particularly in relation to breast feeding and postnatal recovery. Overall, women rated books as the most useful source of information (57/332, 17.2%). The model of pregnancy care influenced the source women rated as most useful. Women who received most of their pregnancy care from a midwife described discussion with a midwife as their most useful source of information (42/150, 28%). In contrast, of the group who received most of their care from a doctor in antenatal clinic, the largest proportion reported that the internet was their most useful source of information (10/57, 28%). Conclusion and recommendations: discussion with midwives is an important source of information for women. The internet did not play a significant role in information seeking for more than half of the women in the study. Existing sources of information may not meet the needs of women from NESB, either because women do not access the multilingual resources currently available or because resources may only be provided in English or a few other common languages. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.
Framework for analysis of next generation, polarised CMB data sets in the presence of galactic foregrounds and systematic effects
Creators: name: Vergès, Clara
name: Errard, Josquin
name: Stompor, Radek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reaching the sufficient sensitivity to detect primordial B-modes requires modern CMB polarisation experiments to rely on new technologies, necessary for the deployment of arrays thousands of detectors with a broad frequency coverage and operating them for extended periods of time. This increased complexity of experimental design unavoidably introduces new instrumental and systematic effects, which may impact performance of the new instruments. In this work we extend the standard data analysis pipeline by including a (parametric) model of instrumental effects directly in the data model. We then correct for them in the analysis, accounting for the additional uncertainty in the final results. We embed these techniques within a general, end-to-end formalism for estimating the impact of the instrument and foreground models on constraints on the amplitude of the primordial B-mode signal. We focus on the parametric component separation approach which we generalize to allow for simultaneous estimation of instrumental and foreground parameters. We demonstrate the framework by studying the effects induced by an achromatic half-wave plate (HWP), which lead to a frequency-dependent variation of the instrument polarisation angle, and experimental bandpasses which define observational frequency bands. We assume a typical Stage-3 CMB polarisation experiment, and show that maps recovered from raw data collected at each frequency band will unavoidably be linear mixtures of the Q and U Stokes parameters. We then derive a new generalized data model appropriate for such cases, and extend the component separation approach to account for it. We find that some of the instrumental parameters, in particularly those describing the HWP can be successfully constrained by the data themselves without need for external information, while others, like bandpasses, need to be known with good precision in advance.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures
Elicitation on word order and subject pronouns
Creators: name: Carrillo Godínez, Silvia Lucrecia
name: Sales, Henry
name: Scott, Tessa
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: mam

description: This is a remote video interview held using Zoom.

The elicitation focuses on word order options and subject clitics and pronouns.

In this file bundle: 1 Zoom audio/video recording, 1 Zoom chat file, 1 pdf of typed notes.
Scattering of Topological Solitons on Barriers and Holes of Deformed Sine-Gordon Models
Creators: name: Al-Alawi, Jassem H.
name: Zakrzewski, Wojtek J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study scattering properties of topological solitons in two classes of models, which are generalizations of the Sine-Gordon model and which have recently been proposed by Bazeia et al. These two classes of models depend on an integer parameter n which, when n=2(for the first class) and n=1 (for the second class), reduce to the Sine-Gordon model. We take the soliton solutions of these models (generalizations of the 'kink' solution of the Sine-Gordon model) and consider their scattering on potential holes and barriers. We present our results for n=1,...6. We find that, like in the Sine Gordon models, the scattering on the barrier is very elastic while the scattering on the hole is inelastic and can at times, lead to a reflection. We discuss the dependence of our results on n and find that the critical velocity for the transmission through the hole is lowest for n=3.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures
Stroboscopic exclusion process: a first-moment-driven dynamics
Creators: name: Debin, Bryan
name: Granet, Etienne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define a new variant of exclusion processes in discrete time that has jump probabilities that depend on the last jump performed. In a particular limit for the jump probabilities and in suitable scaling limits for space and time, we compute the time evolution of the particle density starting from an arbitrary initial configuration, with closed boundary conditions. The core of the argument is the analysis of the time evolution of the moments. Numerical results are compared with the prediction and give excellent agreement.
description: 7 pages
Multi-Resolution Spatial Outlier Detection (MRSOD)
Creators: name: He, Peng
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: Data Integration
Multi-Resolution data
Spatial Outlier Detection

description: Outlier detection focuses on identifying abnormal patterns from large data sets. In this thesis, we propose a novel approach for outlier detection called Multi-Resolution Spatial Outlier Detection (MRSOD) to identify spatial outliers by considering multiple levels of attributes in complex spatio-temporal datasets. Current spatial data mining techniques have primarily focused on single-resolution data where the data is at one level such that every attribute is simple and all records have the same number of attributes. However in reality spatio-temporal data is often complex such that an attribute may have additional levels of details associated with it and different spatial objects may have different attributes associated with them. We present detailed experimental results in Maryland Water Monitoring Sensors data from U.S. Geological Survey and simulated highway sensor data. Our results indicate that the MRSOD approach finds outliers with high accuracy in both the datasets.
"Mine is Better than Ours":  Natives, Settlers, and Conflict Over Land in New Netherland
Creators: name: Goodall, Susan Wood
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2007
Subjects: History, United States (0337)
Native American Studies (0740)
Anthropology, Archaeology (0324)

description: This thesis examines the tumultuous relationship between Dutch settlers and native peoples in New Netherland by examining the root causes leading to four instances of settler/native conflict between 1643 and 1664.  These conflicts - Kieft's War in 1643, the Peach War in 1655, and the Esopus Wars of 1659/1663 - illustrate the problematic nature of Native American and Dutch relations in the late years of New Netherland.  This thesis argues that violent conflict stemmed primarily from the population expansion and the subsequent settler hunger for land for agricultural use.  The native group studied is the Lenape - a group of Algonquians who lived in the areas of present-day Delaware, New Jersey, and southeastern New York - who had become sedentary agriculturalists with territorial claims to lands that were attractive to Dutch settlers. By synthesizing various historiographies of New Netherland, this thesis illustrates the progression of expanding settlement to outright war.
On maximal injective subalgebras of tensor products of von Neumann algebras
Creators: name: Fang, Junsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L10

description: Let M_i be a von Neumann algebra, and B_i be a maximal injective von Neumann subalgebra of M_i, i=1,2. If M_1 has separable predual and the center of B_1 is atomic, e.g., B_1 is a factor, then B_1\tensor B_2 is a maximal injective von Neuamnn subalgebra of M_1\tensor M_2. This partly answers a question of Popa
description: 15 pages, a simple proof of the main theorem (Theorem 4.1 in the new version) suggested by referee is included in the new version. Typos are corrected
Understanding the mechanism of and preventing beta-amyloid induced neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's Disease
Creators: name: Patel, Dhara Anand
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2007
Subjects: Engineering, Chemical (0542)
Engineering, Biomedical (0541)
Alzheimer's Disease
Beta-amyloid
Neurotoxicity
Sialic acid

description: The Alzheimer's Association estimated this year that every 72 seconds, someone in America develops Alzheimer's Disease (AD). This fatal disease is the leading cause of neurodegeneration and costs the country almost $150 billion annually. AD brains are marked with the deposition of extracellular plaques, the primary component of which is the peptide beta-amyloid (Abeta). Abeta is implicated as the neurotoxic culprit and its neurotoxicity is a function of its aggregated state. Abeta monomer is thought to aggregate to spheroidal oligomers, protofibrils and fibrils that are toxic to neurons to different degrees. It is now general consensus that intermediate species such as oligomers and protofibrils are more toxic than the fibrils. Yet, we still do have a clear identification of the most toxic of Abeta structural species and properties that attribute to neurotoxicity require clarity in understanding. ; The first in vitro toxicity assay able to measure toxicity of transient Abeta species was developed. Solvent accessibility of Abeta samples were correlated with neurotoxicity using this rapid toxicity assay and hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectroscopy. The toxicity of Abeta samples correlated with the abundance of intermediate species that showed solvent accessibility between monomers and fibrils in the samples.; Abeta induced GTP-binding protein (G protein) activation has been found to be a step towards neurotoxicity. A mechanistic model of Abeta induced G protein activation was developed to explain the role of cholesterol and gangliosides in such interactions. It was found that both molecules play an active part and that Abeta binding to gangliosides in particular is essential for the G protein activation observed to correlate with neurotoxicity.; Drugs available for AD today provide symptomatic relief only and not disease-modifying. From studies in animal models and clinical trials of Abeta immunization, it is known that sequestering Abeta away from neurons not only inhibits further cellular damage but reverses previous damage also. Abeta preferentially binds to cell membrane clustered sialic acid. Mimic molecules of clustered sialic acid that compete with cellular sialic acid for Abeta binding have been developed. These molecules have shown to mitigate Abeta induced neurotoxicity in vitro and show promise as therapeutics for AD.
A reduced model for shock and detonation waves. I. The inert case
Creators: name: Stoltz, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model of mesoparticles, very much in the Dissipative Particle Dynamics spirit, in which a molecule is replaced by a particle with an internal thermodynamic degree of freedom (temperature or energy). The model is shown to give quantitavely accurate results for the simulation of shock waves in a crystalline polymer, and opens the way to a reduced model of detonation waves.
Rethinking PropTech: Drawing insights about the real estate technology industry through technical experimentation
Creators: name: Friedman, Ian
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120199 Architecture not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Over the past ten years, the real estate technology industry (also known as PropTech) has undergone a massive expansion. This rapid expansion, fueled by a >140x growth in venture capital funding over the past decade, has propelled PropTech startups to actively shape the ways in which we engage with the built environment; physically, digitally, financially, and otherwise.This rapid change calls for rigorous inquiries into the nature and mechanics of PropTech. Prior work that attempts tounderstand PropTech has focused on establishing broad definitions of the industry, occasionally scoping down to highlight a few issues at play at a technical level. While these approaches have been incredibly useful in defining an otherwise nebulous industry, they do not examine how the technical issues of PropTech relate to and inform the structures at play within industry, an important perspective to take on an industry that is fundamentally driven by technology.This thesis draws insights about PropTech by taking a decidedly different approach; one which uses technicalexperimentation, data analysis, and industry immersion as a basis of examining the broader industry from the inside. Specifically, this thesis discusses the connection between business models and data distribution algorithms, highlights the necessity to account for macroeconomics in data and algorithms, presents an approach to addressing data scarcity in real estate by parsing unstructured data, investigates Zillow’s automated valuation model, analyzes the geospatial specificity of its predictive accuracy,discusses the methods of communicating this accuracy, probes the issue of geographic specificity of value, and reflects upon hands-on experience within industry to illustrate the vastly different considerations at play within different PropTech companies.In taking this sociotechnical approach, new insights emerge and a different mode of thought arises - one which ishierarchical, contextualizing technical issues within areas of industry and highlighting their relationship to the much broader phenomena of macroeconomics, regulation and politics, culture and society, and the physical environment.
Stigma and Social Relations in a Dementia Care Unit
Creators: name: Peeples, Amanda Dawn
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: dementia
long-term care
special care units
stigma

description: Dementia is a highly stigmatized and stigmatizing condition affecting more than one in eight older adults in the U.S.  People with dementia have been characterized by American society as being not quite whole individuals; they are categorically different, the other.  In long-term care (LTC) settings for older adults a high level of surveillance combines with existing prejudices against aging and decline.  These settings create a microcosm of culture with the potential for heightened stigma against people perceived to be different, such as those with dementia.  Some LTC settings include a dementia care unit (DCU), a separate level or unit designed specifically for people with dementia.  DCUs have the potential to both exacerbate and shield residents with dementia from the stigmatizing attitudes of others.  Utilizing qualitative research methods, this dissertation sought to address three specific aims examining: 1) the stigma of admission to and residence in a DCU in a multi-level LTC setting; 2) whether and how entry into and residence in a DCU affects residents' social relations; and 3) how staff, visitors, family, and other residents react to residents within a DCU.  Ethnographic interviews were conducted with eighteen individuals including staff members, family members, and residents of the DCU over the course of ten months of participant observation.  Analysis also included data from a previous study at the research site in order to retrospectively examine stigma.  Evidence was found of stigmatizing attitudes toward DCU residents which manifested in lying to residents, the infantilization of residents, and the physical, psychological, and social separation of DCU residents from others at the setting.  Many other aspects of stigma were identified and are discussed throughout this dissertation.  In addition, residents of the DCU were found to recognize differences among each other and to react to one another on the basis of those differences.  Although the DCU is envisioned as a safe, supportive environment for older adults with dementia, it falls short of this ideal.  Inasmuch as the stigma against dementia remains part of the greater cultural and social environment, the DCU is likely to remain a stigmatized and stigmatizing setting for residents with dementia.