cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Relativistic model of binary extreme-mass-ratio inspiral systems and their gravitational radiation
Creators: name: Yin, Yucheng
name: Mathews, Josh
name: Chua, Alvin J. K.
name: Chen, Xian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A binary extreme-mass-ratio inspiral (b-EMRI) is a hierarchical triple system consisting of a stellar-mass binary black hole (BBH) orbiting a central Kerr supermassive black hole (SMBH). Although predicted by several astrophysical models, b-EMRIs pose a challenge in waveform modeling due to their complex three-body dynamics and strong relativistic effects. Here we take advantage of the hierarchical nature of b-EMRI systems to transform the internal motion of the small binary into global trajectories around the SMBH. This allows us to use black hole perturbation theory to calculate both the low-frequency gravitational waveform due to its EMRI nature and the high-frequency waveform generated by the inner motion of the BBH. When the inner binary's separation vanishes, our calculation recovers the standard relativistic adiabatic EMRI waveform. Furthermore, by including the high-frequency perturbation, we find a correction to the waveform as large as the adiabatic order when the frequency matches the quasinormal modes (QNMs) of the SMBH, therefore supporting an earlier proof-of-concept study claiming that the small BBH can resonantly excite the QNMs of the SMBH. More importantly, we find that b-EMRIs can evolve faster than regular EMRIs due to this resonant dissipation through the high-frequency modes. These characteristics distinguish b-EMRI waveform templates from regular EMRI templates for future space-based gravitational-wave detectors.
description: PRD published
The Genealogy of Genocide: The Education of the Intellectual Architects of Genocide: A Social Learning Analysis
Creators: name: Le, Suzanne J.E.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2011
Subjects: Genocide
Education
Social Learning
Holocaust

description: It is my position that those wishing to prevent genocide are not the only ones studying it. A clear understanding of how genocides are initiated and carried out also helps regimes recognize when genocide is a viable option, and offers functional insight into how to initiate it. In this investigation I examine how and what genocidal leaders learn from other genocides. It is my contention that the information gathered by leaders from other genocides is utilized for the planning and preparation of genocide in their society. This investigation focuses on how the genocide of Armenians in 1915 informed the planning and preparation for the Holocaust, and how both the Armenian genocide and the Holocaust informed the leaders of the Rwandan genocide. This paper considers genocide by focusing on the outside factors that determine the environment in which genocide develops. I examine the interconnection of genocide within the context of politics, media and propaganda, third party actors, and law using a historical institutionalist lens. This investigation will utilize the theoretical framework of social learning theory to examine data. Genocide, even when perfectly contained is a threat to international peace and security because one genocide sets the stage for the next. The international community has often responded to genocide ineffectively. My goal is to identify some of the actions and omissions of the international community that may encourage a favourable environment for genocide. I intend to achieve this using a case study approach with a qualitative methodology. A clearer understanding of the role of the social learning process of the genocide leaders in past genocides will provide a framework for recommending future actions, and offer a better understanding of how the world can respond prior to, and in the aftermath of, genocide in order to prevent future genocides.
PDB validation report_X-ray from Structural and functional characterisation of nanobodies that neutralize Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2
Creators: name: Cornish, Katy
name: Huo, Jiandong
name: Jones, Luke
name: Sharma, Parul
name: Thrush, Joseph W.
name: Abdelkarim, Sahar
name: Kipar, Anja
name: Ramadurai, Siva
name: Weckener, Miriam
name: Mikolajek, Halina
name: Liu, Sai
name: Buckle, Imogen
name: Bentley, Eleanor
name: Kirby, Adam
name: Han, Ximeng
name: Laidlaw, Stephen M.
name: Eyssen, Lauren
name: Hill, Michelle
name: Norman, Chelsea
name: Le Bas, Audrey
name: Clarke, John Douglas
name: James, William
name: Stewart, James
name: Carroll, Miles
name: Naismith, James H.
name: Owens, Ray
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310112
subject: Structural biology (incl. macromolecular modelling)

description: PDB validation report for deposited X-ray structures with PDB nos. 8OWT, 8OWW,8OWV,
Direct Synthesis of Oxynitride Nanowires through Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition
Creators: name: Adeli, Babak
name: Taghipour, Fariborz
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2021

description: Binary and ternary oxynitride solid alloys were studied extensively in the past decade due to their wide spectrum of applications, as well as their peculiar characteristics when compared to their bulk counterparts. Direct bottom-up synthesis of one-dimensional oxynitrides through solution-based routes cannot be realized because nitridation strategies are limited to high-temperature solid-state ammonolysis. Further, the facile fabrication of oxynitride thin films through vapor phase strategies has remained extremely challenging due to the low vapor pressure of gaseous building blocks at atmospheric pressure. Here, we present a direct and scalable catalytic vapor–liquid–solid epitaxy (VLSE) route for the fabrication of oxynitride solid solution nanowires from their oxide precursors through enhancing the local mass transfer flux of vapor deposition. For the model oxynitride material, we investigated the fabrication of gallium nitride and zinc oxide oxynitride solid solution (GaN:ZnO) thin film. GaN:ZnO nanowires were synthesized directly at atmospheric pressure, unlike the methods reported in the literature, which involved multiple-step processing and/or vacuum operating conditions. Moreover, the dimensions (i.e., diameters and length) of the synthesized nanowires were tailored within a wide range.
An Explainable AI Model for Predicting the Recurrence of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Creators: name: Ahmad, Mohammad Al-Sayed
name: Haddad, Jude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Thyroid carcinoma, a significant yet often controllable cancer, has seen a rise in cases, largely due to advancements in diagnostic methods. Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), which includes papillary and follicular varieties, is typically associated with a positive prognosis in academic circles. Nevertheless, there are still some individuals who may experience a recurrence. This study employs machine learning, particularly deep learning models, to predict the recurrence of DTC, with the goal of improving patient care through personalized treatment approaches. By analysing a dataset containing clinicopathological features of patients, the model achieved remarkable accuracy rates of 98% during training and 96% during testing. To improve the model's interpretability, we used techniques like LIME and Morris Sensitivity Analysis. These methods gave us valuable insights into how the model makes decisions. The results suggest that combining deep learning models with interpretability techniques can be extremely useful in quickly identifying the recurrence of thyroid cancer in patients. This can help in making informed therapeutic choices and customizing treatment approaches for individual patients.
VAFB-2023-19: Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act After-Action Report for Discoveries at CA-SBA-512 Ground Based Strategic Deterrent/Sentinel Test Program, Vandenberg Space Force Base Santa Barbara County, California
Creators: name: Laird, Daniel
name: Volta, Beniamino
Year: 2023

description: This document is a Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act After-Action report for discoveries at CA-SBA-512 on Vandenberg Space Force Base, California. This report documents the discovery of cultural items covered under the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) during archaeological mitigation activities and the actions taken to implement the project’s Plan of Action for the Treatment of Cultural Items in Accordance with the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act and 43 CFR 10.5(e) for Archaeological Excavations and Inadvertent Discoveries Related to the Ground Based Strategic Deterrent Test Program, Vandenberg Space Force Base, Santa Barbara County, California (NAGPRA Plan of Action).
Historia, memoria y novela en la Argentina de la posdictadura. La cuestión de la responsabilidad extendida
Creators: name: Paz-Mackay, María Soledad
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: Collective Memory
History
Social Discourse
Argentinean fiction
Post-dictatorship period

description: In Argentina, the violence of the recent past has become the central analysis of History and Collective Memory. The crimes and human rights violations that occurred during the last dictatorship (1976-1983) have been the object of dispute. The “two demons” theory that derived from the report of the “National Commission of the Disappeared” assigned equal responsibility to the two parties involved in the conflict: the dictatorship and the militant opposition. The theory positioned Argentinean society as a spectator or victim of the violence. Since the return of democracy in 1983, Argentinean social discourse has shown fluctuations in the conflictive relationship between History and Collective Memory regarding this traumatic time period. The literary discourse, as an integrated part of the social discourse, shares common arguments and topics which are inscribed and transformed in post dictatorship literary texts. This dissertation analyses the fictional representation of History and Collective Memory in four Argentinean novels published between 1995 and 2002: Dos veces junio (2002) by Martín Kohan, El secreto y las voces (2002) by Carlos Gamerro, Ni muerto has perdido tu nombre (2002) and Villa (1995) by Luis Gusmán. I argue that these novels present the necessary equilibrium between the two narrations of the past. By introducing narrating voices outside the dual format of victims and victimizers, the characters seem to extend responsibility for what had happened to other groups of individuals. These novels also introduce the children of the disappeared, who want to recover their “incomplete” family identity. I assert that these characters bring into question the theory of the “two demons”. They signal that there are other protagonists of the crimes: the witnesses who kept silent for many years. The question of social responsibility during the last dictatorship is embedded in the representation of the conflictive relationship between Collective Memory and History. Impunity for the human rights violations intertwines the four novels by highlighting the omission, silence and cowardly attitudes possessed by the characters. Those who witnessed the crimes that erased many identities, and remained silent, share part of the responsibility.
A Comparative Study on the Future Developments of Human Rights for Tongzhi in China
Creators: name: Deng, Kai
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2014
Subjects: tongzhi
LGBT
Sexual minority
equality
human rights law
same-sex marriage
China

description: There is an increasing movement recognizing LGBT rights in the international arena. In China, “tongzhi” (a Chinese term for LGBT) still face massive discrimination due mainly to the Chinese government’s repressive indifference policy. This thesis follows Kees Waaldijk’s developmental pattern theory of the recognition of gay rights, starting from decriminalisation, anti-discrimination, and reaching partnership legislation. It examines this theoretic pattern in relation to the development of sexual minority rights in the United Nations (UN), European and Canadian human rights law systems. Although every jurisdiction has its own unique aspects, each basically followed Waaldijk’s pattern. The thesis concludes that the application of privacy, equality and non-discrimination principles have helped sexual minorities to achieve equal rights in a variety of fields. The thesis further examines whether the experiences within these three human rights systems can be adopted in the Chinese context. Since the UN laws are soft laws, they will help influence legal reform for tongzhi rights in China but will not be a decisive factor. With regard to the regional human rights model, unlike Council of Europe and the European Union, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is unlikely to push the development of human rights in China due to the lack of a strong tie between China and ASEAN member states. The Canadian experience is inspiring but will not be easily duplicated due to the lack of democratic institutions and the absence of an effective judicial review system and judicial independence in China. It is anticipated that the Waaldijk pattern cannot be reproduced in the Chinese context. China will take a top-down reform route in terms of the tongzhi rights development. The central authorities will likely adjust relevant policies to the tongzhi group once a crisis has generated sufficient social pressure that would influence the central authorities to consider changing their repressive indifference policy. Same-sex marriage law is anticipated to be the first tongzhi human right legislation in China due to the Chinese traditional culture of tolerance, the support found among academics, and the current political environment.
Extending AdaBoost:Varying the Base Learners and Modifying the Weight Calculation
Creators: name: Neves De Souza, Erico
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2014
Subjects: AdaBoost
Machine Learning
Data Stream

description: AdaBoost has been considered one of the best classifiers ever developed, but two important problems have not yet been addressed. The first is the dependency on the ``weak" learner, and the second is the failure to maintain the performance of learners with small error rates (i.e. ``strong" learners). To solve the first problem, this work proposes using a different learner in each iteration - known as AdaBoost Dynamic (AD) - thereby ensuring that the performance of the algorithm is almost equal to that of the best ``weak" learner executed with AdaBoost.M1. The work then further modifies the procedure to vary the learner in each iteration, in order to locate the learner with the smallest error rate in its training data. This is done using the same weight calculation as in the original AdaBoost; this version is known as AdaBoost Dynamic with Exponential Loss (AB-EL). The results were poor, because AdaBoost does not perform well with strong learners, so, in this sense, the work confirmed previous works' results. To determine how to improve the performance, the weight calculation is modified to use the sigmoid function with algorithm output being the derivative of the same sigmoid function, rather than the logistic regression weight calculation originally used by AdaBoost; this version is known as AdaBoost Dynamic with Logistic Loss (AB-DL). This work presents the convergence proof that binomial weight calculation works, and that this approach improves the results for the strong learner, both theoretically and empirically. AB-DL also has some disadvantages, like the search for the ``best" classifier and that this search reduces the diversity among the classifiers. In order to attack these issues, another algorithm is proposed that combines AD ``weak" leaner execution policy with a small modification of AB-DL's weight calculation, called AdaBoost Dynamic with Added Cost (AD-AC). AD-AC also has a theoretical upper bound error, and the algorithm offers a small accuracy improvement when compared with AB-DL, and traditional AdaBoost approaches. Lastly, this work also adapts AD-AC's weight calculation approach to deal with data stream problem, where classifiers must deal with very large data sets (in the order of millions of instances), and limited memory availability.
The Effect of HIV-1 and Accessory Proteins on Monocyte Derived Dendritic Cell Maturation and Function
Creators: name: Fairman, Peter
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: HIV-1
dendritic cell
cytokines
antigen processing

description: Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized members of the innate immune system that are responsible for the initiation of primary adaptive immune responses whose purpose is to resolve infection and inflammation. During most viral infections, mature dendritic cells present critical viral antigens to naïve T-cells within secondary lymphoid organs, resulting in the generation of an antigen-specific adaptive immune response and clearance of the virus. During infection with HIV-1 however, the virus is not cleared and a chronic systemic infection develops characterized by immune dysfunction, CD4+ T-cell depletion, systemic inflammation, and opportunistic infections. A growing body of evidence indicates that HIV-1 subversion of DCs contributes to both HIV-1 pathologies and viral dissemination. A number of similar effects by accessory HIV-1 peptides on DC physiology have also been reported. In vitro studies demonstrate that HIV-1 inhibits DC maturation and function. Ex vivo studies on the other hand describe partially mature, dysfunctional DCs collecting in secondary lymphoid organs. In vitro studies examining the effects of HIV-1-Tat and HIV-1-Vpr have described opposing effects on DC maturation. Therefore we undertook experiments to comprehensively describe the effects of HIV-1 and the Tat and Vpr accessory peptides on DC maturation and function. To understand the contributions of individual viral proteins to DC dysfunction we infected DCs with a dual tropic HIV-1 and examined phenotypic and functional changes after maturation with inflammatory cytokines. Following this we examined the influence of exogenous and endogenous HIV-1-Tat and HIV-1-Vpr on MDDC maturation and function using recombinant proteins and deletion mutant lab adapted HIV-1 strains. Live dual tropic HIV-1 was found to selectively inhibit aspects of phenotypic maturation as well as antigen capture and presentation functions. MDDC MAPK responsiveness to bacterial LPS remained intact however. Exogenous accessory HIV-1 Tat and Vpr did not affect MDDC phenotype but inhibited dextran endocytosis and viral peptide presentation. HIV-1-gp120 increased iMDDC maturation while blunting cytokine induced decreases in MDDC antigen capture abilities. The deletion of HIV-1-Tat did not affect MDDC phenotype, but was found to affect antigen capture decreases by R5 tropic HIV-1BaL. Deletion of HIV-1-Vpr likewise did not affect MDDC phenotype, however it was found to be influential in HIV-1 induced decreases in MDDC antigen presentation to autologous T-cells. These accumulated results indicate that HIV-1 subverts DC maturation and function through whole virus effects and individual accessory peptide influences. Understanding the mechanisms of DC dysfunction in HIV infection may provide some insight into infection prevention strategies and therapies leading to adaptive immune system activation and viral clearance.
Physically motivated projection of the electrocardiogram -- a feasibility study
Creators: name: Wildowicz, Sebastian
name: Gradowski, Tomasz
name: Figura, Paulina
name: Olczak, Igor
name: Sobiech, Judyta
name: Buchner, Teodor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present PhysECG: a physically motivated projection of the 12 lead electrocardiogram, supported by a deep learning model trained on 21,799 recordings from the PTB-XL database and discuss its feasibility. The method allows to evaluate the epicardial activity (inverse problem of ECG imaging) and, in particular, to distinguish left and right ventricular activity, with statistical spread related to localization of the septum. The observed dyssynchrony resembles other experimental results. The foundations of the method are based on the molecular theory of biopotentials. The heart's activity in view of the method is decomposed into two processes: the passage of the electric activation wavefront and the response of cardiomyocytes. We introduce the idea of the electrode-resolved activity function, which represents the mass of the ventricle in Phase 0 of action potential within the lead field of each electrode. The computations are fast and robust, with excellent convergence. We present the quality metrics for the reconstruction based on the model on the testing set selected from the PTB database. In order to prove feasibility, we present and discuss two healthy controls: male and female, and two pathologies: right bundle branch block, and anterior myocardial infarction. The results obtained using PhysECG seem to be in accordance with the changes evoked by pathology, which has to be confirmed by subsequent clinical studies. The method is based on ECG, and does not require reconstruction of body geometry, which presents an affordable solution for low and middle-income countries where access to imaging is limited.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures
VAFB-1999-05: Final Archaeological Test Excavations at Launch Facility 05 (CA-SBA-1853) Vandenberg Air Force Base, California TA-409C
Creators: name: Harro, Douglas
name: McKim, Rebecca
name: Flint, Sandra
name: Denardo, Carole A.
Year: 1999

description: This document is a report that presents the results of archaeological testing at CA-SBA-1853 for a power line replacement project on Vandenberg Air Force Base.
Lived Experiences of Breastfeeding in Jogjakarta, Indonesia: Forms of Authority Beyond the Law
Creators: name: Nyonator, John Paul
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Breastfeeding
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Authority
subject: Experience
subject: Indonesia

description: In 2009, the Indonesian government passed a breastfeeding law to address the problem of malnutrition, infant mortality and mortality of children under five years old. The law mandated mothers to breastfeed their babies exclusively for the first six months of their lives and continue for two years, except in cases where medical problems prevent mothers from breastfeeding. I aim to tease out women’s experience of breastfeeding in Jogjakarta, Indonesia, five years after the law was passed. Ultimately, I am interested in understanding how do women's breastfeeding experiences embody different forms of authority. I drew upon data from ethnographic fieldwork that was carried out from June 2013 until October 2014. I argue that the breastfeeding law is remote and distant from the everyday breastfeeding practices and experiences of the women and their families. The women who take part in the study neither draw on the law nor public health as forms of authority to shape their breastfeeding experiences. Rather the women draw on their Islamic faith, families, personal experiences, finance, work and media to shape their breastfeeding experience
title: Germany 2050 - a greenhouse gas-neutral country
title: Germany 2050 - a greenhouse gas-neutral country
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Benndorf, Rosemarie
name: Bernicke, Maja
name: Bertram, Andreas
name: Butz, Wolfgang
name: Dettling, Folke
name: Drotleff, Johannes
name: Elsner, Cornelia
name: Fee, Eric
name: Gabler, Christopher
name: Galander, Christine
name: Hermann, Tim
name: Kanthak, Judit
name: Keßler, Hermann
name: Koch, Yvonne
name: Kuntze, David
name: Lambrecht, Martin
name: Lehmann, Christian
name: Lehmann, Harry
name: Leuthold, Sandra
name: Lünenbürger, Benjamin
name: Martens, Kerstin
name: Müller, Felix
name: Müschen, Klaus
name: Nissler, Diana
name: Plickert, Sebastian
name: Purr, Katja
name: Reichart, Almut
name: Reichel, Jens
name: Salecker, Hanno
name: Schneider, Sven
name: Schuberth, Jens
name: Sieck, Marlene
name: Strenge, Ulla
name: Westermann, Bärbel
name: Werner, Kathrin
name: Winde, Christine
name: Wunderlich, Dietmar
name: Zietlow, Brigitte
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Bundesrepublik Deutschland
subject: CO2-Emissionsbericht
subject: Germany
subject: Klima | Energie
subject: Climate | Energy

description: The study shows that it is technically feasible for Germany to become greenhouse gas neutral by 2050. The scenario chosen in the study considers the issue from a purely national perspective and does not include interaction with other countries. Based on a national greenhouse gas reduction target of 95% by 2050 compared to 1990, the study demonstrates that this target can be achieved in Germany by technical means under the given assumptions. Quelle: www.umweltbundesamt.de
description: The study shows that it is technically feasible for Germany to become greenhouse gas neutral by 2050. The scenario chosen in the study considers the issue from a purely national perspective and does not include interaction with other countries. Based on a national greenhouse gas reduction target of 95% by 2050 compared to 1990, the study  demonstrates that this target can be achieved in Germany by technical means under the given assumptions.
GRB Redshift Estimation using Machine Learning and the Associated Web-App
Creators: name: Narendra, Aditya
name: Dainotti, Maria
name: Sarkar, Milind
name: Lenart, Aleksander
name: Bogdan, Malgorzata
name: Pollo, Agnieszka
name: Zhang, Bing
name: Rabeda, Aleksandra
name: Petrosian, Vahe
name: Kazunari, Iwasaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), observed at redshifts as high as 9.4, could serve as valuable probes for investigating the distant Universe. However, this necessitates an increase in the number of GRBs with determined redshifts, as currently, only 12% of GRBs have known redshifts due to observational biases. Aims. We aim to address the shortage of GRBs with measured redshifts, enabling us to fully realize their potential as valuable cosmological probes Methods. Following Dainotti et al. (2024c), we have taken a second step to overcome this issue by adding 30 more GRBs to our ensemble supervised machine learning training sample, an increase of 20%, which will help us obtain better redshift estimates. In addition, we have built a freely accessible and user-friendly web app that infers the redshift of long GRBs (LGRBs) with plateau emission using our machine learning model. The web app is the first of its kind for such a study and will allow the community to obtain redshift estimates by entering the GRB parameters in the app. Results. Through our machine learning model, we have successfully estimated redshifts for 276 LGRBs using X-ray afterglow parameters detected by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory and increased the sample of LGRBs with known redshifts by 110%. We also perform Monte Carlo simulations to demonstrate the future applicability of this research. Conclusions. The results presented in this research will enable the community to increase the sample of GRBs with known redshift estimates. This can help address many outstanding issues, such as GRB formation rate, luminosity function, and the true nature of low-luminosity GRBs, and enable the application of GRBs as standard candles
description: 20 Figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics journal
Investigation of Mass and Decay Characteristics of the All-light Tetraquark
Creators: name: Lodha, Chetan
name: Rai, Ajay Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the mass spectra and decay properties of pions and all light tetraquarks using both semi-relativistic and non-relativistic frameworks. By applying a Cornell-like potential and a spin-dependent potential, we generate the mass spectra. The decay properties of tetraquarks are evaluated using the annihilation model and the spectator model. Potential tetraquark candidates are interpreted for quantum numbers $J^{PC} = 0^{++}, 0^{-+}, 1^{-+}, 1^{+-}, 1^{--}, 2^{+-}, 2^{-+},$ and $2^{--}$. Additionally, we compare our results with existing experimental data and theoretical predictions to validate our findings. This study aims to enhance the understanding of tetraquarks in the light-light sector.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Supplementary Materials from Amyloidogenic regions in beta-strands II and III modulate the aggregation and toxicity of SOD1 in living cells
Creators: name: McAlary, Luke
name: Nan, Jeremy
name: Shyu, Clay
name: Sher, Mine
name: Plotkin, Steven S
name: Cashman, Neil
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310199
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology not elsewhere classified

description: Supporting Information_V2.docx
Intrinsic mixed state topological order in a stabilizer system under stochastic decoherence: Strong-to-weak spontaneous symmetry breaking from percolation point of view
Creators: name: Kuno, Yoshihito
name: Orito, Takahiro
name: Ichinose, Ikuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discovering quantum orders in mixed many-body systems is an ongoing issue. Very recently, the notion of an intrinsic mixed state topologically-ordered (IMTO) state was proposed. As a concrete example, we observe the emergence of IMTO by studying the toric code system under stochastic maximal decoherence by $ZX$-diagonal type projective measurement without monitoring. We study how the toric code state changes to an IMTO state at the level of the averaged quantum trajectories. This phase transition is understood from the viewpoint of spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) of 1-form weak symmetry, that is, the IMTO is characterized by the symmetry restoration from the SSB, which comes from the proliferation of anyons. To understand the emergent IMTO, order and disorder parameters of 1-form symmetry are numerically studied by stabilizer simulation. The present study clarifies the existence of two distinct microscopic string operators for the fermionic anyons, that leads to distinct fermionic strong and weak 1-form symmetries, and also the obtained critical exponents indicate strong relation between IMTO and percolation.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, version to appear in Phys. Rev. B
Dual-spray Synthesis and Reactions
Creators: name: Rashid, Shaan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Electrospray Ionization
Mass spectrometry
Charge State Distribution
Collision Induced Dissociation
Density Functional Theory
Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange

description: By using two electrospray emitters containing different solutions (“dual-spray”) we have recently conducted in-source hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) reactions and synthesized organometallic species. For dual-spray HDX reactions, peptide and protein solutions were electrosprayed through one emitter and the deuterating agent D2O through the secondary electrospray emitter. Clear shifts in isotope distributions indicated hydrogen-deuterium exchange occurring within the ion source. By ion mobility, simultaneous deuterium exchange for two isobaric species, the oxytocin monomer and dimer, was observed. Lysozyme has a linear relation between the charge state and the average number of exchanges, indicating that lysozyme becomes increasingly unfolded as the charge state increases. Based on deuterium uptake data and the lack of a temperature dependence, the dual-spray HDX reaction is thought to occur mostly in the gas phase. Tris(2,2’-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) and similar complexes containing the 1,10-phenanthroline ligand were formed by spraying a ligand solution and the ruthenium trichloride solution through two independent ESI emitters. This was confirmed by comparing ion mobility drift time, mass spectra, and CID fragmentation with the reference standard compounds. Tris(2,2’-bipyridine)iron(II), tris(1,10-phenantroline)iron(II) and mixed ligand complexes of iron(II) formed by dual-spray showed two additional hydrogens bonded to the complex. By CID, these unique gas phase complexes showed similar initial ligand loss to the reference standards however the secondary ligand loss showed dissimilar dissociation channels and energetics. Using DFT calculations, geometry optimizations for the [Fe(phen)3 + 2H]2+ complex and its fragment ions were done. After the initial ligand loss, the additional hydrogens are believed to transfer to the central iron atom. The relative energy of the dissociation channels showed good agreement with experimental breakdown curves.
The Greenwood Weekly Times
Creators: name: (:Null)
Publisher: name: Greenwood, B.C. : Boundary Creek Printing and Publishing Company
Year: 2013

description: The Boundary Creek Times was published in Greenwood, in the Kootenay Boundary region of southern British Columbia, and ran from September 1896 to March 1911. The Times was published first by the Times Publishing Company (1896-99), and then by the Boundary Creek Printing and Publishing Company (1901-1911), and its longest-serving editor was Duncan Ross (1897-1907). In April 1911, the Times was absorbed by another Greenwood-based paper, the Ledge. The Times was revived in 1983, and it continues to be published out of a small building in downtown Greenwood to this day.
Photography, the State, and War: Mapping the Contemporary War Photography Landscape
Creators: name: Kirkpatrick, Erika Marie
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: International Relations Theory
Visuality
Photography
Media
Politics
Critical Security Studies
Interpretive Research Methodology

description: This dissertation explores the ways in which media, visuality, and politics intersect through an analysis of contemporary war photography. In so doing, it seeks to uncover how war photography as a social practice works to produce, perform and construct the State. Furthermore, it argues that this productive and performative power works to constrain the conditions of possibility for geopolitics. The central argument of this project is that contemporary war photography reifies a view of the international in which the liberal, democratic West is pitted against the barbaric Islamic world in a ‘civilizational’ struggle. This project’s key contribution to knowledge rests in its unique and rigorous research methodology (Visual Discourse Analysis) – mixing as it does inspiration from both quantitative and qualitative approaches to scholarship. Empirically, the dissertation rests on the detailed analysis of over 1900 war images collected from 30 different media sources published between the years 2000-2013.
Light in the Senior Home: Effects of Dynamic and Individual Light Exposure on Sleep, Cognition, and Well-Being
Creators: name: Juda, Myriam
name: Liu-Ambrose, Teresa
name: Feldman, Fabio
name: Suvagau, Cristian
name: Mistlberger, Ralph E.
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2021

description: Disrupted sleep is common among nursing home patients and is associated with cognitive decline and reduced well-being. Sleep disruptions may in part be a result of insufficient daytime light exposure. This pilot study examined the effects of dynamic “circadian” lighting and individual light exposure on sleep, cognitive performance, and well-being in a sample of 14 senior home residents. The study was conducted as a within-subject study design over five weeks of circadian lighting and five weeks of conventional lighting, in a counterbalanced order. Participants wore wrist accelerometers to track rest–activity and light profiles and completed cognitive batteries (National Institute of Health (NIH) toolbox) and questionnaires (depression, fatigue, sleep quality, lighting appraisal) in each condition. We found no significant differences in outcome variables between the two lighting conditions. Individual differences in overall (indoors and outdoors) light exposure levels varied greatly between participants but did not differ between lighting conditions, except at night (22:00–6:00), with maximum light exposure being greater in the conventional lighting condition. Pooled data from both conditions showed that participants with higher overall morning light exposure (6:00–12:00) had less fragmented and more stable rest–activity rhythms with higher relative amplitude. Rest–activity rhythm fragmentation and long sleep duration both uniquely predicted lower cognitive performance.
Rapid Assembly of Standardized and Non-standardized Biological Parts
Creators: name: Power, Alexander
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: dna assembly
gene regulatory network
feedforward loop
synthetic biology
PCR

description: A primary aim of Synthetic Biology is the design and implementation of biological systems that perform engineered functions. However, the assembly of double-stranded DNA molecules is a major barrier to this progress, as it remains time consuming and laborious. Here I present three improved methods for DNA assembly. The first is based on, and makes use of, BioBricks. The second method relies on overlap-extension PCR to assemble non-standard parts. The third method improves upon overlap extension PCR by reducing the number of steps and the time it takes to assemble DNA. Finally, I show how the PCR-based assembly methods presented here can be used, in concert, with in vivo homologous recombination in yeast to assemble as many as 19 individual DNA parts in one step. These methods will also be used to assemble an incoherent feedforward loop, gene regulatory network.
R Script for analysis of Romano-British settlement data
Creators: name: Ortman, Scott
Publisher: name: American Association for the Advancement of Science
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Great Britain
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/24638/great-britain
subject: Europe: Western Europe
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/83871/europe-western-europe
subject: Late Iron Age
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5431/late-iron-age
subject: Roman Britain
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5996/roman-britain

description: A key question in economic history is the degree to which preindustrial economies could generate sustained increases in per capita productivity. Previous studies suggest that, in many preindustrial contexts, growth was primarily a consequence of agglomeration. Here, we examine evidence for three different socioeconomic rates that are available from the archaeological record for Roman Britain. We find that all three measures show increasing returns to scale with settlement population, with a common elasticity that is consistent with the expectation from settlement scaling theory. We also identify a pattern of increase in baseline rates, similar to that observed in contemporary societies, suggesting that this economy did generate modest levels of per capita productivity growth over a four-century period. Last, we suggest that the observed growth is attributable to changes in transportation costs and to institutions and technologies related to socioeconomic interchange. These findings reinforce the view that differences between ancient and contemporary economies are more a matter of degree than kind.
LLMs for Extremely Low-Resource Finno-Ugric Languages
Creators: name: Purason, Taido
name: Kuulmets, Hele-Andra
name: Fishel, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The advancement of large language models (LLMs) has predominantly focused on high-resource languages, leaving low-resource languages, such as those in the Finno-Ugric family, significantly underrepresented. This paper addresses this gap by focusing on Võro, Livonian, and Komi. We cover almost the entire cycle of LLM creation, from data collection to instruction tuning and evaluation. Our contributions include developing multilingual base and instruction-tuned models; creating evaluation benchmarks, including the smugri-MT-bench multi-turn conversational benchmark; and conducting human evaluation. We intend for this work to promote linguistic diversity, ensuring that lesser-resourced languages can benefit from advancements in NLP.
Quantum Many-Body Scars beyond the PXP model in Rydberg simulators
Creators: name: Kerschbaumer, Aron
name: Ljubotina, Marko
name: Serbyn, Maksym
name: Desaules, Jean-Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Persistent revivals recently observed in Rydberg atom simulators have challenged our understanding of thermalization and attracted much interest to the concept of quantum many-body scars (QMBSs). QMBSs are non-thermal highly excited eigenstates that coexist with typical eigenstates in the spectrum of many-body Hamiltonians, and have since been reported in multiple theoretical models, including the so-called PXP model, approximately realized by Rydberg simulators. At the same time, questions of how common QMBSs are and in what models they are physically realized remain open. In this Letter, we demonstrate that QMBSs exist in a broader family of models that includes and generalizes PXP to longer-range constraints and states with different periodicity. We show that in each model, multiple QMBS families can be found. Each of them relies on a different approximate $\mathfrak{su}(2)$ algebra, leading to oscillatory dynamics in all cases. However, in contrast to the PXP model, their observation requires launching dynamics from weakly entangled initial states rather than from a product state. QMBSs reported here may be experimentally probed using Rydberg atom simulator in the regime of longer-range Rydberg blockades.
description: 9+13 pages, 6+10 figures
The impact of a school's closure on rural community residents' lives
Creators: name: Oncescu, Jacquelyn
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: rural community
rural schools
community development

description: In this dissertation, I use a single qualitative case study methodology, participant observation, focus groups, and semi-structured interviews to explore how a rural school’s closure influenced the lives of residents in one rural farming community: Limerick, Saskatchewan, Canada. Three “stand alone” papers comprise this dissertation. In the first paper, I investigate the impacts of the school’s closure on rural families. In the second paper, I explore the ways Limerick School’s closure affected adults without school-aged children. In the final paper, I assess school closure’s impact on gendered volunteer roles. Using social ecological theory and socialist feminist theory, I argue that the school’s closure had far-reaching implications for community members and that these implications varied depending on stage of life, gender, and roles within the family and community contexts. Together, these papers not only make a contribution to filling the gap in existing literature pertaining to rural school closures, but they also strengthen our scholarly understanding of the school-community relationship in the rural context.
Behavioural Syndromes: Implications for Electrocommunication in a Weakly Electric Fish Species
Creators: name: Shank, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: Principal Component Analysis
Electrocommunication
Behavioural Types
Boldness
Aggression
Weakly Electric Fish
Behavioural Syndromes
Apteronotus leptorhynchus

description: Behavioural syndromes, defined as suites of correlated behaviours across different contexts, are used to characterize individual variability in behaviours. Males of the weakly electric fish species, Apteronotus leptorhynchus, produce electro-communication signals called chirps. Chirps are thought to be involved in agonistic signalling, as their relative incidence increases during agonistic conspecific interactions. However, high levels of individual variability in aggression obscure the role of chirps in mediating aggression. Here, I tested the presence of an aggression-boldness behavioural syndrome, and then considered the implications such a syndrome would have on chirping behaviours. Behavioural tests in anti-predation, object novelty, feeding, conspecific intrusion and novel environment exploration contexts revealed a syndrome involving only object novelty and feeding. We found no correlation between chirping behaviour and the assessed behaviours. Our results demonstrate that chirps represent a more complex communication system than previously suggested.
title: Verhütung in Sozialen Medien – eine Inhalts- und Qualitätsanalyse
title: BZgA-Faktenblatt
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Döring, Nicola
Publisher: name: Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 10000 Social Sciences
subject: contraception
subject: social media
subject: sex education
subject: media skills
subject: reproductive health
subject: sexual health
subject: sexuality education
subject: reproduktive Gesundheit
subject: sexuelle Gesundheit
subject: Medienkompetenz
subject: Sexualaufklärung
subject: Soziale Medien
subject: Verhütung

description: Das Forschungsprojekt „Verhütung in den Sozialen Medien – eine kommunikationswissenschaftliche
Analyse“ wurde im Zeitraum von Juni 2021 bis Januar 2023 von der BZgA gefördert. Untersucht wurde, wie über Verhütungsverhalten in Posts, Videos und Kommentaren auf zentralen deutschsprachigen Social-Media-Plattformen kommuniziert wird.
description: Faktenblatt Sexualaufklärung, Verhütung und Familienplanung
Diagnosis of Knee Osteoarthritis Using Bioimpedance and Deep Learning
Creators: name: Al-Nabulsi, Jamal
name: Ahmad, Mohammad Al-Sayed
name: Hasaneiah, Baraa
name: AlZoubi, Fayhaa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Diagnosing knee osteoarthritis (OA) early is crucial for managing symptoms and preventing further joint damage, ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life. In this paper, a bioimpedance-based diagnostic tool that combines precise hardware and deep learning for effective non-invasive diagnosis is proposed. system features a relay-based circuit and strategically placed electrodes to capture comprehensive bioimpedance data. The data is processed by a neural network model, which has been optimized using convolutional layers, dropout regularization, and the Adam optimizer. This approach achieves a 98% test accuracy, making it a promising tool for detecting knee osteoarthritis musculoskeletal disorders.