cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Direct nematicidal effects of methyl jasmonate and acibenzolar-S-methyl against Meloidogyne incognita
Creators: name: Schouteden, Nele
name: Lemmens, Eline
name: Stuer, Nina
name: Curtis, Rosane
name: Panis, Bart
name: Waele, Dirk De
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The aim of this study was to examine the nematicidal properties of two defence inducers against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. A direct-contact bioassay was applied to evaluate the nematicidal effects of acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) and methyl jasmonate (MEJA) on second-stage juveniles (J2). Nematodes were incubated in different concentrations of these compounds, and the numbers of immobile nematodes were counted after 24 and 48 h post incubation. Tap water was then added to verify whether the nematodes recovered or remained dead at 72 h. The percentage of dead nematodes was used as indicator for the toxicity of the different solutions. Our results show that ASM, in the formulation of Bion®, and MEJA have nematicidal properties.
A Generic Methodology for the Modular Verification of Security Protocol Implementations (extended version)
Creators: name: Arquint, Linard
name: Schwerhoff, Malte
name: Mehta, Vaibhav
name: Müller, Peter
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023
Subjects: Protocol implementation verification
Symbolic security
Separation logic
Automated verification
Injective agreement
Forward secrecy

description: Security protocols are essential building blocks of modern IT systems. Subtle flaws in their design or implementation may compromise the security of entire systems. It is, thus, important to prove the absence of such flaws through formal verification. Much existing work focuses on the verification of protocol models, which is not sufficient to show that their implementations are actually secure. Verification techniques for protocol implementations (e.g., via code generation or model extraction) typically impose severe restrictions on the used programming language and code design, which may lead to sub-optimal implementations. In this paper, we present a methodology for the modular verification of strong security properties directly on the level of the protocol implementations. Our methodology leverages state-of-the-art verification logics and tools to support a wide range of implementations and programming languages. We demonstrate its effectiveness by verifying memory safety and security of Go implementations of the Needham-Schroeder-Lowe, Diffie-Hellman key exchange, and WireGuard protocols, including forward secrecy and injective agreement for WireGuard. We also show that our methodology is agnostic to a particular language or program verifier with a prototype implementation for C.
description: arXiv
Simulating Jellyfish Galaxies: A Case Study for a Gas-Rich Dwarf Galaxy
Creators: name: Lee, Jaehyun
name: Kimm, Taysun
name: Blaizot, Jérémy
name: Katz, Harley
name: Lee, Wonki
name: Sheen, Yun-Kyeong
name: Devriendt, Julien
name: Slyz, Adrianne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the formation of jellyfish galaxies using radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of gas-rich dwarf galaxies with a multi-phase interstellar medium (ISM). We find that the ram-pressure-stripped (RPS) ISM is the dominant source of molecular clumps in the near wake within 10 kpc from the galactic plane, while in-situ formation is the major channel for dense gas in the distant tail of the gas-rich galaxy. Only 20% of the molecular clumps in the near wake originate from the intracluster medium (ICM); however, the fraction reaches 50% in the clumps located at $80\,{\rm kpc}$ from the galactic center since the cooling time of the RPS gas tends to be short due to the ISM--ICM mixing ($\lesssim$ 10 Myr). The tail region exhibits a star formation rate of $0.001-0.01\,{\rm M_{\odot}\,yr^{-1}}$, and most of the tail stars are born in the stripped wake within 10 kpc from the galactic plane. These stars induce bright H$α$ blobs in the tail, while H$α$ tails fainter than $6\times10^{38}\,{\rm erg\,s^{-1}\,kpc^{-2}}$ are mostly formed via collisional radiation and heating due to mixing. We also find that the stripped tails have intermediate X-ray to H$α$ surface brightness ratios (1.5$\lesssim F_{\rm X}/F_{\rm Hα}\lesssim$20), compared to the ISM ($\lesssim$1.5) or pure ICM ($\gg$20). Our results suggest that jellyfish features emerge when the ISM from gas-rich galaxies is stripped by strong ram pressure, mixes with the ICM, and enhances the cooling in the tail.
description: 19 pages, 15 figures; Accepted for publication in ApJ
Why I love my yoga practice
Creators: name: Marsh, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 111002 Clinical Nursing: Primary (Preventative)
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110499 Complementary and Alternative Medicine not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110602 Exercise Physiology
subject: Health Care
subject: 111712 Health Promotion
subject: 111708 Health and Community Services
subject: 110699 Human Movement and Sports Science not elsewhere classified
subject: 111602 Human Biophysics
subject: FOS: Basic medicine
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: contribution for OM Yoga Magazine 2016
The narrow capture problem: an encounter-based approach to partially reactive targets
Creators: name: Bressloff, Paul C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A general topic of current interest is the analysis of diffusion problems in singularly perturbed domains with small interior targets or traps (the narrow capture problem). One major application is to intracellular diffusion, where the targets typically represent some form of reactive biochemical substrate. Most studies of the narrow capture problem treat the target boundaries as totally absorbing. In this paper, we analyze the three-dimensional narrow capture problem in the more realistic case of partially reactive target boundaries. We begin by considering classical Robin boundary conditions. Matching inner and outer solutions of the single-particle probability density, we derive an asymptotic expansion of the Laplace transformed flux into each reactive surface in powers of $ε$, where $ερ$ is a given target size. In turn, the fluxes determine the splitting probabilities for target absorption. We then extend our analysis to more general types of reactive targets by combining matched asymptotic analysis with an encounter-based formulation of diffusion-mediated surface reactions. That is, we derive an asymptotic expansion of the joint probability density for particle position and the boundary local time. The effects of surface reactions are then incorporated via an appropriate stopping condition for the boundary local time. Finally, we illustrate the theory by exploring how the leading-order contributions to the splitting probabilities depend on the choice of surface reactions. In particular, we show that there is an effective renormalization of the target radius of the form $ρ\rightarrow ρ-\widetildeΨ(1/ρ)$, where $\widetildeΨ$ is the Laplace transform of the stopping local time distribution.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Non-relativistic Conformal Field Theory in the Presence of Boundary
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajesh Kumar
name: Singh, Ramanpreet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-relativistic conformal field theory on a flat space in the presence of a planar boundary. We compute correlation functions of primary operators and obtain the expression for the boundary conformal block. We also discuss the non-relativistic conformal field theory on a general curved background in the presence of a boundary. As an example, we discuss the spectrum of boundary primary operator and compute scaling dimensions in a fermionic theory near one and three spatial dimensions.
description: 20 pages
Improving Mandarin End-to-End Speech Recognition with Word N-gram Language Model
Creators: name: Tian, Jinchuan
name: Yu, Jianwei
name: Weng, Chao
name: Zou, Yuexian
name: Yu, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Despite the rapid progress of end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR), it has been shown that incorporating external language models (LMs) into the decoding can further improve the recognition performance of E2E ASR systems. To align with the modeling units adopted in E2E ASR systems, subword-level (e.g., characters, BPE) LMs are usually used to cooperate with current E2E ASR systems. However, the use of subword-level LMs will ignore the word-level information, which may limit the strength of the external LMs in E2E ASR. Although several methods have been proposed to incorporate word-level external LMs in E2E ASR, these methods are mainly designed for languages with clear word boundaries such as English and cannot be directly applied to languages like Mandarin, in which each character sequence can have multiple corresponding word sequences. To this end, we propose a novel decoding algorithm where a word-level lattice is constructed on-the-fly to consider all possible word sequences for each partial hypothesis. Then, the LM score of the hypothesis is obtained by intersecting the generated lattice with an external word N-gram LM. The proposed method is examined on both Attention-based Encoder-Decoder (AED) and Neural Transducer (NT) frameworks. Experiments suggest that our method consistently outperforms subword-level LMs, including N-gram LM and neural network LM. We achieve state-of-the-art results on both Aishell-1 (CER 4.18%) and Aishell-2 (CER 5.06%) datasets and reduce CER by 14.8% relatively on a 21K-hour Mandarin dataset.
description: 5pages, 1 figure
The excavation of two medieval pottery kiln sites and teo sections through the London-Lewes Roman road at Clacket Lane, near Titsey, 1992
Creators: name: Hayman, Graham N
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2002

description: Surrey Archaeological Collections, 84, 1-87
description: Reports on an archaeological evaluation (by trial trench and magnetic survey) and subsequent detailed investigation of areas adjacent to the M25 motorway (crossed by Clacket Lane). Excavation produced a large assemblage of thirteenth- and fourteenth-century courseware, which is examined in `The medieval pottery' by Phil Jones (32--76 & microfiche). `Other finds and building materials' are discussed by Suzanne Huson (76--7 & microfiche) -- these included medieval and later coins, assorted ironwork, querns, brick/tile (some Roman) and undated lithics -- a concise `Conservation report' is provided by Adrian Tribe (77). Appendices comprise `Archaeomagnetic dating' by A J Clark (84) and `Charcoal from the southern kiln' by M Robinson (84--5).
Plasmodesmal connectivity in C₄ Gynandropsis gynandra is induced by light and dependent on photosynthesis
Creators: name: Schreier, Tina B.
name: Müller, Karin H.
name: Eicke, Simona
name: Faulkner, Christine
name: Zeeman, Samuel C.
name: Hibberd, Julian M.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022
Subjects: Plasmodesmata
photosynthesis
C4 photosynthesis
light
photomorphogenesis
bundle sheath
mesophyll

description: In leaves of C₄ plants the reactions of photosynthesis become restricted between two compartments. Typically, this allows accumulation of C₄ acids in mesophyll cells and subsequent decarboxylation in the bundle sheath. In C₄ grasses proliferation of plasmodesmata between these cell types is thought to increase cell-to-cell connectivity to allow efficient metabolite movement. However, it is not known if C₄ dicotyledons also show this enhanced plasmodesmal connectivity and so whether this is a general requirement for C₄ photosynthesis is not clear. How mesophyll and bundle sheath cells in C₄ leaves become highly connected is also not known.
We investigated these questions using 3D- and 2D- electron microscopy on the C₄ dicotyledon Gynandropsis gynandra as well as phylogenetically close C₃ relatives.
The mesophyll-bundle sheath interface of C₄ G. gynandra showed higher plasmodesmal frequency compared with closely related C₃ species. Formation of these plasmodesmata was induced by light. Pharmacological agents that perturbed chloroplast development or photosynthesis reduced the number of plasmodesmata, but this inhibitory effect could be reversed by the provision of exogenous sucrose.
We conclude that enhanced formation of plasmodesmata between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells is wired to the induction of photosynthesis in C₄ G. gynandra.
description: bioRxiv
Effective Action, Spectrum and First Law of Wedge Holography
Creators: name: Hu, Peng-Ju
name: Miao, Rong-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the effective action, the mass spectrum and the first law of entanglement entropy for a novel doubly holographic model called wedge holography. We work out the effective action of quantum gravity on the branes. In the perturbative formulation, it is given by an infinite sum of Pauli-Fierz actions. In the non-perturbative formulation, the effective action is composed of a higher derivative gravity and a matter action. Usually, a higher derivative gravity can be renormalizable but suffers the ghost problem. For our case, since the effective theory on the brane is equivalent to Einstein gravity in the bulk, it must be ghost-free. We notice that the matter action plays an important role in eliminating the ghost. We also provide evidences that the higher derivative gravity on the brane is equivalent to a ghost-free multi-gravity. Besides, we prove that the effective action yields the correct Weyl anomaly. Interestingly, although the effective action on the brane is an infinite tower of higher derivative gravity, the holographic Weyl anomaly is exactly the same as that of Einstein gravity. We also analyze the mass spectrum of wedge holography. Remarkably, there is always a massless mode of gravitons on the end-of-the-world branes in wedge holography. This happens because one imposes Neumann boundary condition on both branes. On the other hand, the massless mode disappears if one imposes Dirichlet boundary condition on one of the branes as in brane world theory and AdS/BCFT. Finally, we verify the first law of entanglement entropy for wedge holography. Interestingly, the massive fluctuations are irrelevant to the first order perturbation of the holographic entanglement entropy. Thus, in many aspects, the effective theory on the brane behaves like massless Einstein gravity.
description: 41 pages, 14 figures, references added, minor revision accepted for publication in JHEP
Perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole in torsion bigravity
Creators: name: Nikiforova, Vasilisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we pursue the study of linear perturbations around a Schwarzschild black hole in a generalized Einstein-Cartan theory of gravity, called torsion bigravity. This theory contains both massless and massive spin-2 excitations. Here we consider non spherically-symmetric perturbations with generic multipolarity $L \geq 1$. We extend the conclusion of linear stability, previously obtained for $L=0$ [Phys. Rev. D 104, 024032], to the generic $L \geq 1$ case. We prove that the mass $κ$ of the massive spin-2 excitation must be large enough, namely $κr_h > \sqrt{1+η}$, to avoid the presence of singularities in the perturbation equations. The perturbation equations are shown to have a triangular structure, where massive spin-2 excitations satisfy decoupled equations, while the Einstein-like massless spin-2 ones satisfy inhomogeneous equations sourced by the massive spin-2 sector. We study quasi-bound states, and exhibit some explicit complex quasi-bound frequencies. We briefly discuss the issue of superradiance instabilities.
Excavations at the King William IV site, Ewell, 1967-77
Creators: name: Orton, Clive Robert
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2002

description: Surrey Archaeological Collections, 84, 89-122
description: Reports on investigations located near to the public house at 19 High Street. Occupation ranging from Neolithic to modern was identified, including Beaker-period burial and the largest IA burial pit known from Surrey (in remarkably close proximity), Roman agri-industrial buildings (possibly a granary and maltings), Roman post-settings of large size and uncertain function (possibly ritual). Although the site was expected to intersect the Stane Street Roman road (according to lines postulated by Winbolt & Margary and by Lowther & Hargreaves, respectively), no evidence of the road was found. Finds reports cover: pottery; IA or RB ceramic loomweights; RB and post-med vessel glass; Rom--post-med coins; assorted metalwork; stone objects; building materials; `Animal bone' by Pat Nicolaysen (108); and `The molluscs' by David Orton (108--9). There is also a chapter comparing the major finds assemblages.
Energy: International cooperation agreement between ENEA and UNIMINUTO
Creators: name: MARTINIS, DOMENICO DE
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 90608 Renewable Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Solar Cells)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: ENEA signed a collaboration agreement with the Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios (UNIMINUTO). This is the latest of a series of initiatives aiming to boost its International relations with Latin America countries.
http://www.enea.it/en/news/energy-international-cooperation-agreement-between-enea-and-uniminuto
Camel back shaped Kirkwood-Buff Integrals
Creators: name: Perera, Aurélien
name: Požar, Martina
name: Lovrinčević, Bernarda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some binary mixtures, such as specific alcohol-alkane mixtures, or even water-tbutanol, exhibit two humps camel back shaped KBI. This is in sharp contrast with usual KBI of binary mixtures having a single extremum. This extremum is interpreted as the region of maximum concentration fluctuations, and usually occurs in binary mixtures presenting appreciable micro-segregation, and corresponds to where the mixture exhibit a percolation of the two species domains. In this paper, it is shown that two extrema occur in binary mixtures when one species forms "meta-particle" aggregates, the latter which act as a meta-species, and have their own concentration fluctuations, hence their own KBI extremum. This "meta-extremum" occurs at low concentration of the aggregate-forming species (such as alcohol in alkane), and is independant of the other usual extremum observed at mid volume fraction occupancy. These systems are a good illustration of the concept of the duality between concentration fluctuations and micro-segregation.
Laser-Driven, Ion-Scale Magnetospheres in Laboratory Plasmas. II. Particle-in-cell Simulations
Creators: name: Cruz, Filipe D.
name: Schaeffer, Derek B.
name: Cruz, Fábio
name: Silva, Luis O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ion-scale magnetospheres have been observed around comets, weakly-magnetized asteroids, and localized regions on the Moon, and provide a unique environment to study kinetic-scale plasma physics, in particular in the collisionless regime. In this work, we present the results of particle-in-cell simulations that replicate recent experiments on the Large Plasma Device at the University of California, Los Angeles. Using high-repetition rate lasers, ion-scale magnetospheres were created to drive a plasma flow into a dipolar magnetic field embedded in a uniform background magnetic field. The simulations are employed to evolve idealized 2D configurations of the experiments, study highly-resolved, volumetric datasets and determine the magnetospheric structure, magnetopause location and kinetic-scale structures of the plasma current distribution. We show the formation of a magnetic cavity and a magnetic compression in the magnetospheric region, and two main current structures in the dayside of the magnetic obstacle: the diamagnetic current, supported by the driver plasma flow, and the current associated to the magnetopause, supported by both the background and driver plasmas with some time-dependence. From multiple parameter scans, we show a reflection of the magnetic compression, bounded by the length of the driver plasma, and a higher separation of the main current structures for lower dipolar magnetic moments.
The one-loop impact of a dependent mass: the role of $m_3$ in the C2HDM
Creators: name: Fontes, Duarte
name: Romão, Jorge C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the complex 2-Higgs-Doublet Model (C2HDM), the mass $m_3$ of the heaviest neutral scalar $h_3$ is usually chosen as a derived parameter. We investigate one-loop corrections to $m_3$ and their impact on decays of $h_3$. Very fine-tuned regions of the parameter space can be found where such corrections are large, not due to subtraction schemes, but rather due to the particular dependence of $m_3$ on the independent parameters. We show that even moderate corrections can have a significant impact on decays of $h_3$, as they may be several times enhanced by leading-order factors.
description: Matches published version
Syntheses, characterizations of copper compounds containing a series of S-, N-containing aromatic heterocyclic 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine derivatives
Creators: name: Wang, Na
name: Fei-Fan Chang
name: Peng, Yu-Xin
name: Qian, Hui-Fen
name: Huang, Wei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A series of 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (TPY) based aromatic heterocyclic compounds, extended by thiophene, 4-dibenzothiophene, and thiazole units at the para position of the central pyridine ring in TPY, are described in this paper. A new compound, 4′-(4′-dibenbenzothiophene-5-thiophene-2-yl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (La), serves as a tridentate ligand to react with Cu(NO3)2·3H2O and CuCl2·2H2O, respectively, to produce two different Cu(II) complexes [Cu(La)2](NO3)2 and [CuLaCl2] with 1 : 2 and 1 : 1 metal/ligand ratios. Dibenzothiophene is first introduced to TPY via the thiophene bridge. The alterations in cis and trans configuration, dihedral angles between adjacent aromatic rings, and photophysical properties have been observed before and after Cu(II) complexation, which has been verified by their crystal structures, UV–vis and fluorescence spectra.
Multiphoton absorption and Rabi oscillations in armchair graphene nanoribbons
Creators: name: Monozon, B. S.
name: Schmelcher, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytical approach to the problem of the multiphoton absorption and Rabi oscillations in an armchair graphene nanoribbon (AGNR) in the presence of a time-oscillating strong electric field induced by a light wave directed parallel to the ribbon axis. The two-dimensional Dirac equation for the massless electron subject to the ribbon confinement is employed. In the resonant approximation the electron-hole pair production rate, associated with the electron transitions between the valence and conduction size-quantized subbands, the corresponding multiphoton absorption coefficient and the frequency of the Rabi oscillations are obtained in an explicit form. We trace the dependencies of the above quantities on the ribbon width and electric field strength for both the multiphoton assisted and tunneling regimes relevant to the time-oscillating and practically constant electric field, respectively. A significant enhancement effect of the oscillating character of the electric field on the intersubband transitions is encountered. Our analytical results are in qualitative agreement with those obtained for the graphene layer by numerical methods. Estimates of the expected experimental values for the typically employed AGNR and laser parameters show that both the Rabi oscillations and multiphoton absorption are accessible in the laboratory. The data relevant to the intersubband tunneling makes the AGNR a 1D condensed matter analog in which the quantum electrodynamic vacuum decay can be detected by applying an external laboratory electric field.
White mica trace element and boron isotope evidence for distinctive infiltration events during exhumation of deeply subducted continental crust
Creators: name: Sievers, Natalie E.
name: Menold, Carrie A.
name: Grove, Marty
name: Coble, Matthew A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Previous study of subducted continental crust within the Luliang Shan terrane in Northwest China has documented metasomatic formation of thick, hydrated phengite + garnet-rich selvages at the interface between mafic eclogite blocks and quartzofeldspathic host gneiss. Whole rock concentrations of Cs and Ba within the selvage are enriched by two orders of magnitude relative to the eclogite blocks and host gneiss. We performed in situ ion microprobe analyses of Li, Be, B, Rb, Sr, Cs and Ba and δ11B of phengite within the Luliang Shane terrane to better constrain the source(s) of the infiltrating fluid. The phengite within the selvage are enriched in Li, Cs and Ba and yield δ11B values between −30‰ and −9‰, values that are lower than mantle values. High Ba/Rb, Cs/Rb coupled with low B/Be, B/Li and highly negative δ11B values indicate that the high-pressure fluid that formed the selvage was derived from highly devolatilized rocks within the subduction channel. In contrast, muscovite, which crystallized in the adjacent host gneiss during a subsequent lower pressure phase of fluid infiltration at approximately 0.9 GPa depths, has much lower Li, Cs and Ba relative to the high-pressure phengite. These retrograde muscovite have very high concentrations of B (up to 5500 ppm) and Be (up to 50 ppm) and high (−2 to +8‰) δ11B values that are consistent with crystallization from a fluid derived from shallower and less devolatilized regions of the subduction zone. Additional host gneiss samples, regionally distributed and kilometres away from the studied area lack the B-rich signature and indicate that the late stage fluids were likely localized to the region near the studied traverse.
A medieval tile kiln in Farnham Park
Creators: name: Riall, Nicholas J E
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2002

description: Surrey Archaeological Collections, 84, 143-168
description: Reports on the excavation of a tile kiln with an oven built of great brick and great brick voussoirs with unusual, probably unique, oven floor tiles. A thirteenth-century date is suggested, based on both documentary evidence and archaeomagnetic dating. The substantial evidence for the roof tile industry in the Farnham area is considered in some detail. `Farnham Park kiln: archaeomagnetic dating' is discussed by A J Clark (154--5), and The `Fabric' of all the ceramic building materials is described by Robert Foot (158).
Syntheses and characterizations of copper compounds containing a series of S-and N-containing aromatic heterocyclic 2,2’:6’,2’’-terpyridine derivatives
Creators: name: Wang, Na
name: Fei-Fan Chang
name: Peng, Yu-Xin
name: Qian, Hui-Fen
name: Huang, Wei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A series of 2,2’:6’,2’’-terpyridine (TPY) based aromatic heterocyclic compounds, extended by thiophene, 4-dibenzothiophene and thiazole units at the para position of the central pyridine ring in TPY, are described in this paper. A new compound, 4’-(4’-dibenbenzothiophene-5-thiophene-2-yl)-2,2’:6’,2’’-terpyridine (La), serves as a tridentate ligand to react with Cu(NO3)2∙3H2O and CuCl2∙2H2O, respectively, to produce two different Cu(II) complexes [Cu(La)2](NO3)2 and [CuLaCl2] with 1:2 and 1:1 metal/ligand ratios. Dibenzothiophene is first introduced to TPY via the thiophene bridge. The alterations of cis and trans configuration, dihedral angles between adjacent aromatic rings and photophysical properties have been observed before and after Cu(II) complexation, which has been verified by their crystal structures, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectra.
Photodissociation dynamics of N$_{3}^{+}$
Creators: name: Patra, Sarbani
name: Veliz, Juan Carlos San Vicente
name: Koner, Debasish
name: Bieske, Evan J.
name: Meuwly, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photodissociation dynamics of N$_3^+$ excited from its $^3 Σ_{\rm g}^{-}$ ground to the first excited singlet and triplet states is investigated. Three dimensional potential energy surfaces for the $^1$A$'$, $^1$A$''$, and $^3$A$'$ electronic states, correlating with the $^1 Δ_{\rm g}$ and $^3 Π_{\rm u}$ states in linear geometry, for N$_3^+$ are constructed using high level electronic structure calculations and represented as reproducing kernels. The reference {\it ab initio} energies are calculated at the MRCI+Q/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory. For following the photodissociation dynamics in the excited states, rotational and vibrational distributions $P(v')$ and $P(j')$ for the N$_2$ product are determined from vertically excited ground state distributions. Due to the different shapes of the ground state $^3$A$^{''}$ PES and the excited states, appreciable angular momentum $j' \sim 60$ is generated in the diatomic fragments. The lifetimes in the excited states extend to at least 50 ps. Notably, results from sampling initial conditions from a thermal ensemble and from the Wigner distribution of the ground state wavefunction are comparable.
Global $Λ$ polarization in heavy-ion collisions at energies 2.4--7.7 GeV: Effect of Meson-Field Interaction
Creators: name: Ivanov, Yu. B.
name: Soldatov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the three-fluid model, the global $Λ$ polarization in Au+Au collisions at 2.4 $\leq\sqrt{s_{NN}}\leq$ 7.7 GeV is calculated, including its rapidity and centrality dependence. Contributions from the thermal vorticity and meson-field term (proposed by Csernai, Kapusta and Welle) to the global polarization are considered. The results are compared with data from recent and ongoing STAR and HADES experiments. It is predicted that the polarization maximum is reached at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}\approx$ 3 GeV, if the measurements are performed with the same acceptance. The value of the polarization is very sensitive to interplay of the aforementioned contributions. In particular, the thermal vorticity results in quite strong increase of the polarization from the midrapidity to forward/backward rapidities, while the meson-field contribution considerably flattens the rapidity dependence. The polarization turns out to be very sensitive to details of the equation of state. While collision dynamics become less equilibrium with decreasing collision energy, the present approach to polarization is based on the assumption of thermal equilibrium. It is found that equilibrium is achieved at the freeze-out stage, but this equilibration takes longer at moderately relativistic energies.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures, minor corrections, version published in PRC
The Ethics of Mapping Slums – And How AI Complicates the Picture
Creators: name: Lobo, Tea
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023
Subjects: Philosophy of the city
ethics
slums
deprived living areas
artificial intelligence
applied philosophy
mapping
deprived areas
Global South

description: This is an interview conducted with Isaac Oluoch (Twente) and Michael Nagenborg (Twente) on 1 March 2023. It is about their research on mapping deprived areas in lower-income countries, better known as slums or informal settlements. They talk about technical and especially ethical challenges involved in practical mapping projects, and also discuss what complications may arise when machines (AI) start participating in interpretations of spaces. We also discuss our situatedness as researchers in wealthy countries, the practice of philosophy in general and how it might contribute to concrete real-world problems.
description: Philosophy of the City Journal, 1 (1)
description: ISSN:2378-1017
Markovian Features of the Solar Wind at Sub-Proton Scales
Creators: name: Benella, Simone
name: Stumpo, Mirko
name: Consolini, Giuseppe
name: Alberti, Tommaso
name: Carbone, Vincenzo
name: Laurenza, Monica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplanetary magnetic field carried out from the Sun by the solar wind displays fluctuations on a wide range of scales. While at large scales, say at frequencies lower than 0.1-1 Hz, fluctuations display clear universal characteristics of fully developed turbulence with a well defined Kolmogorov's like inertial range, the physical and dynamical properties of the small-scale regime as well as their connection with the large-scale ones are still a debated topic. In this work we investigate the near-Sun magnetic field fluctuations at sub-proton scales by analyzing the Markov property of fluctuations and recovering basic information about the nature of the energy transfer across different scales. By evaluating the Kramers-Moyal coefficients we find that fluctuations in the sub-proton range are well described as a Markovian process with Probability Density Functions (PDFs) modeled via a Fokker-Planck (FP) equation. Furthermore, we show that the shape of the PDFs is globally scale-invariant and similar to the one recovered for the stationary solution of the FP equation at different scales. The relevance of our results on the Markovian character of sub-proton scale fluctuations is also discussed in connection with the occurrence of turbulence in this domain.
Photoinduced Interlayer Dynamics in T$_d$-MoTe$_2$: A Broadband Pump-Probe Study
Creators: name: Cheng, Meixin
name: Zhong, Shazhou
name: Rivas, Nicolas
name: Dekker, Tina
name: Petruk, Ariel Alcides
name: Gicala, Patrick
name: Pichugin, Kostyantyn
name: Chen, Fangchu
name: Luo, Xuan
name: Sunc, Yuping
name: Tsen, Adam W.
name: Sciaini, German
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on time-resolved broadband transient reflectivity (tr-bb-TR) measurements performed on a bulk single crystal of T$_d$-MoTe$_2$ as a function of the incident pump fluence (F). Tr-bb-TR data unveil photoinduced electronic changes progressing on the sub-picosecond timescale as well as the dynamics of the coherent low-frequency $^1A_1$ interlayer shear phonon. Our results indicate a gradual evolution of both the TR and the $^1A_1$ Fourier intensity spectra as a function of F, ruling out the threshold-like change that has been associated with the ultrafast photoinduced $T_d \to 1T'$ phase transition. We also observe a large redshift of the $^1A_1$ Fourier spectral features, which suggests that large renormalization effects are taking place on interband transitions that are dielectrically susceptible to the $^1A_1$ interlayer phonon displacement.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
The sustainable development oxymoron: quantifying and modelling the incompatibility of sustainable development goals
Creators: name: Spaiser, Viktoria
name: Ranganathan, Shyam
name: Ranjula Bali Swain
name: Sumpter, David J. T.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: In 2015, the UN adopted a new set of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to eradicate poverty, establish socioeconomic inclusion and protect the environment. Critical voices such as the International Council for Science (ICSU), however, have expressed concerns about the potential incompatibility of the SDGs, specifically the incompatibility of socio-economic development and environmental sustainability. In this paper, we test, quantify and model the alleged inconsistency of SDGs. Our analyses show which SDGs are consistent and which are conflicting. We measure the extent of inconsistency and conclude that the SDG agenda will fail as a whole if we continue with business as usual. We further explore the nature of the inconsistencies using dynamical systems models, which reveal that the focus on economic growth and consumption as a means for development underlies the inconsistency. Our models also show that there are factors which can contribute to development (health programmes, government investment) on the one hand and ecological sustainability (renewable energy) on the other, without triggering the conflict between incompatible SDGs.
Predicting the redshift of gamma-ray loud AGNs using Supervised Machine Learning: Part 2
Creators: name: Narendra, Aditya
name: Gibson, Spencer James
name: Dainotti, Maria Giovanna
name: Bogdan, Malgorzata
name: Pollo, Agnieszka
name: Liodakis, Ioannis
name: Poliszczuk, Artem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measuring the redshift of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) requires the use of time-consuming and expensive spectroscopic analysis. However, obtaining redshift measurements of AGNs is crucial as it can enable AGN population studies, provide insight into the star formation rate, the luminosity function, and the density rate evolution. Hence, there is a requirement for alternative redshift measurement techniques. In this project, we aim to use the Fermi gamma-ray space telescope's 4LAC Data Release (DR2) catalog to train a machine learning model capable of predicting the redshift reliably. In addition, this project aims at improving and extending with the new 4LAC Catalog the predictive capabilities of the machine learning (ML) methodology published in Dainotti et al. (2021). Furthermore, we implement feature engineering to expand the parameter space and a bias correction technique to our final results. This study uses additional machine learning techniques inside the ensemble method, the SuperLearner, previously used in Dainotti et al.(2021). Additionally, we also test a novel ML model called Sorted L-One Penalized Estimation (SLOPE). Using these methods we provide a catalog of estimated redshift values for those AGNs that do not have a spectroscopic redshift measurement. These estimates can serve as a redshift reference for the community to verify as updated Fermi catalogs are released with more redshift measurements.
description: 26 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables
Excavations at Willmer House, West Street, Farnham
Creators: name: Graham, David
name: Graham, Audrey C
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2002

description: Surrey Archaeological Collections, 84, 169-180
description: Excavations were undertaken during repair work on the Grade I listed Georgian building. Evidence was produced for extensive occupation of the site, starting in the thirteenth century with the construction of a small kiln of uncertain function. In the fourteenth century the site was terraced for buildings, evincing the extension of ribbon development to the west of the town. Finds reports cover a small quantity of pottery and `The iron knives' by John Price (179--80).
Distinguishing gravitational and emission physics in black-hole imaging: spherical symmetry
Creators: name: Kocherlakota, Prashant
name: Rezzolla, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imaging a supermassive black hole and extracting physical information requires good knowledge of both the gravitational and the astrophysical conditions near the black hole. When the geometrical properties of the black hole are well understood, extracting information on the emission properties is possible. Similarly, when the emission properties are well understood, extracting information on the black-hole geometry is possible. At present however, uncertainties are present both in the geometry and in the emission, and this inevitably leads to degeneracies in the interpretation of the observations. We explore here the impact of varying geometry and emission coefficient when modelling the imaging of a spherically-accreting black hole. Adopting the Rezzolla-Zhidenko parametric metric to model arbitrary static black-holes, we first demonstrate how shadow-size measurements leave degeneracies in the multidimensional space of metric-deviation parameters, even in the limit of infinite-precision measurements. Then, at finite precision, we show that these degenerate regions can be constrained when multiple pieces of information, such as the shadow-size and the peak image intensity contrast, are combined. Such degeneracies can potentially be eliminated with measurements at increased angular-resolution and flux-sensitivity. While our approach is restricted to spherical symmetry and hence idealised, we expect our results to hold also when more complex geometries and emission processes are considered.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, 1 appendix
Two Early Bronze Age flat axes from Woldingham and South Nutfield
Creators: name: Cotton, Jonathan
name: Williams, David
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2002

description: Surrey Archaeological Collections, 84, 181-184
description: Reports on two copper-alloy objects found in agricultural land with a metal-detector. Both pieces are ascribed to Needham's Class 4 and also the latest phase of pre-Arreton BA metalwork © 1800--1600 BC). The Woldingham axe is of a type sometimes associated with burials; the Nutfield example has unusual decoration (an angled rain pattern motif with a dotted border).
Crop processing and burnt grain in Roman Croydon
Creators: name: Taylor, J R
name: Gray, Lisa
name: Poole, Imogen
name: Lyne, Malcolm
name: Yeomans, Lisa
name: Brown, John
name: Bishop, Barry John
name: Major, Hilary
name: Hayward, Kevin M J
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2017

description: Surrey Archaeological Collections, 96, 191-214
Dielectric performance of high permitivity nanocomposites: impact of polystyrene grafting on BaTiO3 and TiO2
Creators: name: Grabowski, Christopher A.
name: Fillery, Scott P.
name: Koerner, Hilmar
name: Tchoul, Maxim
name: Drummy, Lawrence
name: Beier, Christopher W.
name: Brutchey, Richard L.
name: Durstock, Michael F.
name: Vaia, Richard A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Polymer nanocomposites are a promising concept to improve energy storage density of capacitors, but realizing their hypothetical gains has proved challenging. The introduction of high permittivity fillers often leads to reduction in breakdown strength due to field exclusion, which intensifies the applied electric field within the polymer matrix near nanoparticle interfaces. This has prompted research in developing new nanoparticle functionalization chemistries and processing concepts to maximize particle separation. Herein, we compare the dielectric performance of blended nanocomposites to matrix free assemblies of hairy (polymer grafted) nanoparticles (HNPs) that exhibit comparable overall morphology. The dielectric breakdown strength of polystyrene grafted BaTiO3 (PS@BaTiO3) systems was over 40% greater than a blended nanocomposite with similar loading (~25% v/v BaTiO3). Hairy nanoparticles with TiO2 cores followed similar trends in breakdown strength as a function of inorganic loading up to 40% v/v. Dielectric loss for PS@BaTiO3 HNPs was 2–5 times lower than analogous blended films for a wide frequency spectrum (1 Hz to 100 kHz). For content above 7% v/v, grafting the polymer chains to the BaTiO3 significantly improved energy storage efficiency. Overall this study indicates that polymer grafting improves capacitor performance relative to direct blending in likely two ways: (1) by mitigating interfacial transport to lower dielectric loss, irrespective of the dielectric contrast between matrix and nanoparticle, and (2) by restricting particle–particle hot-spots by establishing a finite minimum particle separation when the dielectric contrast between matrix and nanoparticle is large.