Pseudectroma indicum Hayat & Zeya, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Hayat, Mohammad
name: Zeya, Shahid Bin
name: Veenakumari, K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Encyrtidae
Pseudectroma
Pseudectroma indicum

description: Pseudectroma indicum Hayat & Zeya, sp. nov.
(Figs 12–18)
Female. Holotype. Length, 0.82 mm (excluding exserted part of ovipositor, 0.08mm) (range 0.70–0.82 mm, n= 5). Body brown; head brown and malar space dark brown. Antenna with scape brownish yellow, margins brown; pedicel and flagellum brown, but apical (= second) segment of clava in apical half brownish yellow. Mesosoma brown; pronotum dark brown; mesoscutum pale brown, sides of propodeum dark brown. Fore wing lightly infuscate; hind wing hyaline. Legs brownish yellow. Metasoma brown, but on slide appearing brown alternating with narrow, white cross-bands due to stretching of tergites; apex of TVII white; ovipositor sheath in about distal half dark brown.
Head (Fig. 12). Subprognathous, occipital foramen situated in upper third of occiput; head in frontal view, 1.2× as broad as high; frontovertex width 0.61× head width; ocellar triangle with apical angle obtuse; posterior ocellus slightly less than four diameters of an ocellus to eye margin (4:15); POL 1.66× as long as OOL; malar space equal to eye height; head with fine, irregular reticulate sculpture, the cells transversely elongate; malar space with fine, lineolate reticulate sculpture; setae on head hyaline; eyes with setae hyaline, and each seta shorter than a facet. Mandible with 3 sharp teeth, middle tooth longest. Maxillary palp 2-segmented, labial palp unsegmented. Antenna as in Fig. 14; scape 3× as long as broad, and slightly shorter than clava (30:33.5); pedicel 1.63× as long as broad; funicle segments transverse, F1 and F5 with ventral margins longer than dorsal margins; F1 smallest, 1.62× as broad as long, and 0.8× F2 width; F5 2× as broad as long, and 2.2× as broad as F1; clava 2-segemented, 1.59× as long as broad (slightly collapsed), longer than funicle (33.5:21), and 1.44× as broad as F5. In antenna with an uncollapsed clava (Fig. 15), clava 1.31× as broad as F5, and 1.96× as long as broad. Relative measurements (holotype, slide at 400×)—head frontal width, 90; head frontal height,75; frontovertex width, 55; eye height, 34; malar space, 34; antennal scape length, 30; pedicel length, 18; F1 length (width), 4 (6.5); F5 length (width), 7 (14.5); funicle length, 21; clava length (width), 33.5:21.
Mesosoma (Fig. 16). Flattened; pronotum with raised irregular sculpture, largely with cells transversely lengthened; mesoscutum with sculpture fine, the cells larger than on pronotum, and transversely lengthened; scutellum with fine, polygonal reticulate sculpture, the cells larger than on mesoscutum; setae appear hyaline; pronotum with a line of setae along collar, and several setae anteriorly; mesoscutum with 32 setae (paratypes, 24– 32); left axilla with 3 setae and right axilla with 4 (paratypes, 2–4 and 2–5); scutellum with 32 setae (paratypes, 28– 38); propodeum distal to spiracle with 3–4 short setae. Fore wing (Fig. 17) short, when laid back, reaching to anterior half of TI of gaster; left wing 2.35× as long as broad; in most specimens the membranous apex is folded and thus the apex appears truncate, length varies from 2× to 2.27× width; hind wing (Fig. 18) 3.69× as long as broad, and about 0.67× fore wing length. Relative measurements (holotype, slide at 400×)—mesosoma length, 88; pronotum length (width), 15 (75); mesoscutum length (width), 30 (63); scutellum length (width), 35 (46); propodeum median length, 2; mid tibia length, 62; mid tibial spur length, 15; mid basitarsus length, 20.
Metasoma distinctly longer than mesosoma, on slide about 1.9× as long as mesosoma; ovipositor exserted to slightly more than one-fifth length of gaster. Relative measurements (holotype, slide at 400×)—metasoma length, 170; TVII length, 60; ovipositor length, 148; third valvula length, 67.
Male. Unknown.
Material examined. Holotype (NBAII, Registration No. ICAR/NBAII/EN12), female (on slide under coverslip nos. 1 and 2, slide No. EH.1558) labelled “ INDIA: KARNATAKA: Bengaluru, Hebbal, 5.ix.2012 (PFT), Coll. K. Veenakumari”.
Paratypes, 17 females: 1 female (on slide under coverslip no.3, slide No. EH.1558) with same data as holotype. INDIA: KARNATAKA: Bengaluru, Hebbal, 2 females (on slide under 3 coverslips, slide No. EH.1555), 7.ix.2012 (PFT), Coll. K. Veenakumari; Bengaluru, Hebbal, 2 females, one with gaster missing (on slide under 3 coverslips, slide No. EH.1556), 16.viii.2012 (PFT), Coll. K. Veenakumari; Bengaluru, Hebbal, 6 females (on slide under 6 coverslips, slide No. EH.1557), 18.viii.2012 (YPT), Coll. K. Veenakumari; Bengaluru, Attur, 6 females (on slide under 6 coverslips, slide No. EH.1559), 18.ix.2012 (PFT), Coll. K. Veenakumari. (12 females on slides, EH.1557 and EH.1559, in ZDAMU, Registration No. HYM. CH.666; remaining paratypes in NBAII: slide No. EH.1555, Registration No. ICAR/NBAII/EN13; slide No. EH.1556, Registration No. ICAR/NBAII/EN14)
Distribution. India: Karnataka.
Etymology. The species name is derived from name of country of origin, India.
Comments. The genus Pseudectroma contains 11 world species (Noyes 2012), of which one species, P. samarae Hayat (2010), was described from two brachypterous specimens. The holotype of this species has the fore wing venation reduced to a single vein, whereas in the paratype all the veins are present. Similar short winged forms with complete venation are known in Encyrtus coorgensis Hayat & Zeya, sp. nov. described in this paper, in Prochiloneurus bolivari Mercet (Japanese specimens and the Indian specimen recorded in this paper) and in the Palaearctic species of Pseudectroma, P. europaeum (Mercet).
The new species is similar to P. samarae Hayat (2010), but differs in having the head 1.63× as broad as frontovertex width; frontovertex width 1.83× as broad as scape length; scape 3× as long as broad; metasoma longer than head plus mesosoma (170:163); ovipositor exserted to about one-fifth gaster length; third valvula 0.82× second valvifer length; ovipositor 2.38×as long as mid tibia; body largely brown in colour. In P. samarae— head 1.78× as broad as frontovertex width; frontovertex width 1.4× as broad as scape length; scape about, 2.5× as long as broad; metasoma shorter than head plus mesosoma (140:168); ovipositor exserted to 0.34× gaster length; third valvula 0.65× second valvifer length; ovipositor 2.6× as long as mid tibia; body largely yellow in colour.
description: Published as part of Hayat, Mohammad, Zeya, Shahid Bin & Veenakumari, K., 2013, On some brachypterous Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from India, with description of four new species, pp. 259-276 in Zootaxa 3716 (2) on pages 265-267, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3716.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/223425