cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Human Cytidine Triphosphate Synthetase 1 by Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3
Creators: name: Graves, Lee M.
name: Higgins, Matthew J.
name: Graves, Paul R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Cytidine triphosphate synthetase (CTPS) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of CTP, and both the yeast and human enzymes have been reported to be regulated by protein kinase A or protein kinase C phosphorylation. Here, we provide evidence that stimulation or inhibition of protein kinase A and protein kinase C does not alter the phosphorylation of endogenous human CTPS1 in human embryonic kidney 293 cells under the conditions tested. Unexpectedly, we found that low serum conditions increased phosphorylation of endogenous CTPS1 and this phosphorylation was inhibited by the glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) inhibitor indirubin-3'-monoxime and GSK3beta short interfering RNAs, demonstrating the involvement of GSK3 in phosphorylation of endogenous human CTPS1. Separating tryptic peptides from [(32)P]orthophosphate-labeled cells and analyzing the phosphopeptides by mass spectrometry identified Ser-574 and Ser-575 as phosphorylated residues. Mutation of Ser-571 demonstrated that Ser-571 was the major site phosphorylated by GSK3 in intact human embryonic kidney 293 cells by GSK3 in vitro. Furthermore, mutation of Ser-575 prevented the phosphorylation of Ser-571, suggesting that phosphorylation of Ser-575 was necessary for priming the GSK3 phosphorylation of Ser-571. Low serum was found to decrease CTPS1 activity, and incubation with the GSK3 inhibitor indirubin-3'-monoxime protected against this decrease in activity. Incubation with an alkaline phosphatase increased CTPS1 activity in a time-dependent manner, demonstrating that phosphorylation inhibits CTPS1 activity. This is the first study to investigate the phosphorylation and regulation of human CTPS1 in human cells and suggests that GSK3 is a novel regulator of CTPS activity.
(1528) Elizabeth Hardwick
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
figures S1- S6 from Patterns of host use by brood-parasitic Maculinea butterflies across Europe
Creators: name: Tartally, András
name: Thomas, Jeremy A.
name: Anton, Christian
name: Balletto, Emilio
name: Barbero, Francesca
name: Bonelli, Simona
name: Bräu, Markus
name: Casacci, Luca Pietro
name: Csősz, Sándor
name: Czekes, Zsolt
name: Dolek, Matthias
name: Dziekańska, Izabela
name: Elmes, Graham
name: Fürst, Matthias A.
name: Glinka, Uta
name: Hochberg, Michael E.
name: Höttinger, Helmut
name: Hula, Vladimir
name: Maes, Dirk
name: Munguira, Miguel L.
name: Musche, Martin
name: Nielsen, Per Stadel
name: Nowicki, Piotr
name: Oliveira, Paula S.
name: Peregovits, László
name: Ritter, Sylvia
name: Schlick-Steiner, Birgit C.
name: Settele, Josef
name: Sielezniew, Marcin
name: Simcox, David J.
name: Stankiewicz, Anna M.
name: Steiner, Florian M.
name: Švitra, Giedrius
name: Ugelvig, Line V.
name: Dyck, Hans Van
name: Varga, Zoltán
name: Witek, Magdalena
name: Woyciechowski, Michal
name: Wynhoff, Irma
name: Nash, David R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary figures cited in the main text
Random Dirichlet series arising from records
Creators: name: Peled, Ron
name: Peres, Yuval
name: Pitman, Jim
name: Tanaka, Ryokichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A45, 42A38

description: We study the distributions of the random Dirichlet series with parameters $(s, β)$ defined by $$ S=\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{I_n}{n^s}, $$ where $(I_n)$ is a sequence of independent Bernoulli random variables, $I_n$ taking value $1$ with probability $1/n^β$ and value $0$ otherwise. Random series of this type are motivated by the record indicator sequences which have been studied in extreme value theory in statistics. We show that when $s>0$ and $0< β\le 1$ with $s+β>1$ the distribution of $S$ has a density; otherwise it is purely atomic or not defined because of divergence. In particular, in the case when $s>0$ and $β=1$, we prove that for every $01$ it is unbounded. In the case when $s>0$ and $01$, the density is smooth. To show the absolute continuity, we obtain estimates of the Fourier transforms, employing van der Corput's method to deal with number-theoretic problems. We also give further regularity results of the densities, and present an example of non atomic singular distribution which is induced by the series restricted to the primes.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure
Regulation of Iron Homeostasis Mediated by the Heme-binding Protein Dap1 (Damage Resistance Protein 1) via the P450 Protein Erg11/Cyp51
Creators: name: Craven, Rolf J.
name: Mallory, Julia C.
name: Hand, Randal A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Fungal infections arise frequently in immunocompromised patients, and sterol synthesis is a primary pathway targeted by antifungal drugs. In particular, the P450 protein Erg11/Cyp51 catalyzes a critical step in ergosterol synthesis, and the azole class of antifungal drugs inhibits Erg11. Dap1 is a heme-binding protein related to cytochrome b5 that activates Erg11, so that cells lacking Dap1 accumulate the Erg11 substrate and are hypersensitive to Erg11 inhibitors. Heme binding by Dap1 is crucial for its function, and point mutants in its heme-binding domain render Dap1 inactive for sterol biosynthesis and DNA damage resistance. Like Dap1, the human homologue, PGRMC1/Hpr6, also regulates sterol synthesis and DNA damage resistance. In the present study, we demonstrate that the Dap1 heme-1 domain is required for growth under conditions of low iron availability. Loss of Dap1 is suppressed by elevated levels of Erg11 but not by increased heme biosynthesis. Dap1 localizes to punctate cytoplasmic structures that co-fractionate with endosomes, and Dap1 contributes to the integrity of the vacuole. The results suggest that Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dap1 stimulates a P450-catalyzed step in sterol synthesis via a distinct localization from its homologues in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and mammals and that this function regulates iron metabolism.
table S1 from Patterns of host use by brood-parasitic Maculinea butterflies across Europe
Creators: name: Tartally, András
name: Thomas, Jeremy A.
name: Anton, Christian
name: Balletto, Emilio
name: Barbero, Francesca
name: Bonelli, Simona
name: Bräu, Markus
name: Casacci, Luca Pietro
name: Csősz, Sándor
name: Czekes, Zsolt
name: Dolek, Matthias
name: Dziekańska, Izabela
name: Elmes, Graham
name: Fürst, Matthias A.
name: Glinka, Uta
name: Hochberg, Michael E.
name: Höttinger, Helmut
name: Hula, Vladimir
name: Maes, Dirk
name: Munguira, Miguel L.
name: Musche, Martin
name: Nielsen, Per Stadel
name: Nowicki, Piotr
name: Oliveira, Paula S.
name: Peregovits, László
name: Ritter, Sylvia
name: Schlick-Steiner, Birgit C.
name: Settele, Josef
name: Sielezniew, Marcin
name: Simcox, David J.
name: Stankiewicz, Anna M.
name: Steiner, Florian M.
name: Švitra, Giedrius
name: Ugelvig, Line V.
name: Dyck, Hans Van
name: Varga, Zoltán
name: Witek, Magdalena
name: Woyciechowski, Michal
name: Wynhoff, Irma
name: Nash, David R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Summary of the site characteristics, Myrmica ant community and Myrmica hosts for each of the 419 Sites.
(1525) Philip Giles Tennant
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Electronic Supplementary Material from ‘Clickable lectins’: bioorthogonal reactive handles facilitate the directed conjugation of lectins in a modular fashion.
Creators: name: Tobola, Felix
name: Sylvander, Elise
name: Gafko, Claudia
name: Wiltschi, Birgit
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 60113 Synthetic Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Containing: Supplementary results and discussion, tables S1 and S2, as well as figures S1-S3
A Comparative Analysis of Tourist Preferences for the Development of Local Tourism:Focusing on Culture Festivals in Western Gyeongnam Province
Creators: name: Yu, Jungsub
name: Yu, Jungsub
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: regional festival preferences comparison
subject: Thurstone Case V Scale
subject: goodness-of-fit test

description: The purpose of this paper is to present development plans by comparing the preferences of tourists for the local festivals designated by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, being held in western Gyeongnam Province. This study examines any difference of preferences in regional festivals using the Thurstone Case V Scale and the fitness test using the Pearson’s goodness-of-fit test. And we would like to verify the most important factor in expressing the preference degree. The results were as follows: (1) the general tourists to the regional festivals showed the most preference for JinJu Namgang Yudeung Festival. (2) the differentiation of main program had a critical effect on the difference of preference for regional festivals. (3) the preference for the wellbeing-oriented SanCheong Oriental Medicinal Herb Festival has increased. (4) in the case of Hadong Wild Tea and Culture Festival, it is necessary to improve tourist preferences and the strategies to increase the loyalty of the wild tea and culture mania class. Therefore, to make the festivals preferred by tourists, festival managers need to continue to do their best to make the festivals have killer contents by improving the main program of each festival.
(1526) Robert Timothy Matterson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Electronic Supplementary Material from ‘Clickable lectins’: bioorthogonal reactive handles facilitate the directed conjugation of lectins in a modular fashion
Creators: name: Tobola, Felix
name: Sylvander, Elise
name: Gafko, Claudia
name: Wiltschi, Birgit
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 60113 Synthetic Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Containing: Supplementary results and discussion, tables S1 and S2, as well as figures S1-S3
Supplementary Figures and Text from Burgess shale fossils shed light on the agnostid problem.
Creators: name: J. Moysiuk
name: J.-B. Caron
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Including additional photos of specimens, full list of modifications and results of analysis, specimen data and a list of characters considered relevant to the Agnostid Problem.
Specificity and Mechanism of Action of EHT 1864, a Novel Small Molecule Inhibitor of Rac Family Small GTPases
Creators: name: Schweighoffer, Fabien
name: Leblond, Bertrand
name: Shutes, Adam
name: Onesto, Cercina
name: Der, Channing J.
name: Picard, Virginie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: There is now considerable experimental evidence that aberrant activation of Rho family small GTPases promotes the uncontrolled proliferation, invasion, and metastatic properties of human cancer cells. Therefore, there is considerable interest in the development of small molecule inhibitors of Rho GTPase function. However, to date, most efforts have focused on inhibitors that indirectly block Rho GTPase function, by targeting either enzymes involved in post-translational processing or downstream protein kinase effectors. We recently determined that the EHT 1864 small molecule can inhibit Rac function in vivo. In this study, we evaluated the biological and biochemical specificities and biochemical mechanism of action of EHT 1864. We determined that EHT 1864 specifically inhibited Rac1-dependent platelet-derived growth factor-induced lamellipodia formation. Furthermore, our biochemical analyses with recombinant Rac proteins found that EHT 1864 possesses high affinity binding to Rac1, as well as the related Rac1b, Rac2, and Rac3 isoforms, and this association promoted the loss of bound nucleotide, inhibiting both guanine nucleotide association and Tiam1 Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor-stimulated exchange factor activity in vitro. EHT 1864 therefore places Rac in an inert and inactive state, preventing its engagement with downstream effectors. Finally, we evaluated the ability of EHT 1864 to block Rac-dependent growth transformation, and we determined that EHT 1864 potently blocked transformation caused by constitutively activated Rac1, as well as Rac-dependent transformation caused by Tiam1 or Ras. Taken together, our results suggest that EHT 1864 selectively inhibits Rac downstream signaling and transformation by a novel mechanism involving guanine nucleotide displacement.
An investigation of genetic factors in Ebola virus disease
Creators: name: MacDermott, Nathalie Emma
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Introduction The West African Ebola epidemic was the largest Ebola epidemic to date with over 28,000 cases. The large number of cases permitted assessment of different disease phenotypes and outcomes of Ebola virus disease (EVD). Given the variety of disease phenotypes in EVD, a genetic predisposition to disease phenotype and outcome was hypothesised. Methods Samples from 325 deceased patients and 174 surviving patients were provided through the Sierra Leone Ministry of Health-Public Health England Ebola Biobank. Additionally, 1021 household contacts, 1004 community controls and 504 Ebola survivors were recruited in Sierra Leone. Participants provided a saliva sample for DNA extraction and an oral fluid sample for anti-EBOV IgG antibodies. Exome sequencing was undertaken on 250 extreme phenotype cases and genome wide genotyping was undertaken on 2153 Ebola patients, household contacts and community controls. Data analysis of the exome data included within family segregation studies, gene burden testing and pathway analysis. The genotyped data was interrogated through a genome wide association study comparing deceased and surviving cases. Results Of the household contacts, 3.5% were positive for anti-EBOV IgG. Seropositivity correlated with risk exposure level, with the highest risk level demonstrating seropositivity rates of 15.6%. Ebola survivors with more severe acute disease demonstrated lower levels of anti-EBOV IgG antibodies (p=0.01), as did those with more severe post-Ebola syndrome, although this was not significant. Exome sequencing revealed multiple protective mutations within cholesterol metabolism pathways. A key finding was a protective variant in the PCSK9 gene (p=0.002). Preliminary GWAS analysis of deceased versus surviving Ebola patients identified a genome wide significant (p=2.9x10-8) SNP in the Carbonic Anhydrase 5a gene. Conclusions The study established different extreme phenotypes of EVD, including highly exposed antibody negative and asymptomatic antibody positive individuals. Genetic factors affect both susceptibility to and severity of Ebola virus disease; with rare deleterious mutations in genes within cholesterol metabolism pathways, and common polymorphisms determining outcome of exposure to Ebola virus.
Accuracy of the growth index in the presence of dark energy perturbations
Creators: name: Nesseris, Savvas
name: Sapone, Domenico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analytical solutions for the evolution of matter density perturbations, for a model with a constant dark energy equation of state $w$ but when the effects of the dark energy perturbations are properly taken into account. We consider two cases, the first when the sound speed of the perturbations is zero $c_s^2=0$ and the general case $010 H_0$ or equivalently $k/h>0.0033 \textrm{Mpc}^{-1}$. We also estimate the corrections to the growth index $γ(z)$, commonly used to parametrize the growth-rate. We find that these corrections due to the DE perturbations affect the growth index $γ$ at the $3\%$ level. We also compare our new expressions for the growth index with other expressions already present in the literature and we find that the latter are less accurate than the ones we propose here. Therefore, our analytical calculations are necessary as the theoretical predictions for the fundamental parameters to be constrained by the upcoming surveys need to be as accurate as possible, especially since we are entering in the precise cosmology era where parameters will be measured to the percent level.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
The geological excursions of the Alpine School of Morbegno: the valley floor of the Valtellina
Creators: name: Cameron, Enrico
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Morbegno is the main urban center of the Lower Valtellina and is home to the Istituto Comprensivo 2 Damiani, which in 2017 joined the Interreg Alpine Space – YOUrALPS project, aimed at developing a new school model focused on the environmental and socio-economic dynamics of the Alps. In 2020, the lower secondary school of the institute obtained the European Alpine School certification, establishing a dedicated educational track. The main goal is to reconnect students with their local territory, raising awareness of the characteristics, resources, and opportunities of the mountain environment.

This text describes a geological and geomorphological excursion organized by the Alpine School, focused on observing significant landslide phenomena and their effects along a route that follows the valley floor of the Valtellina. A summarized version of this text, in Italian, was published in Geologicamente, a science magazine of the Italian Geological Society (Issue 16, March 2025, here is the online version).
Non-locality in Quantum Field Theory due to General Relativity
Creators: name: Calmet, Xavier
name: Croon, Djuna
name: Fritz, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that General Relativity coupled to a quantum field theory generically leads to non-local effects in the matter sector. These non-local effects can be described by non-local higher dimensional operators which remarkably have an approximate shift symmetry. When applied to inflationary models, our results imply that small non-Gaussianities are a generic feature of models based on General Relativity coupled to matter fields. However, these effects are too small to be observable in the Cosmic Microwave Background.
The geological excursions of the Alpine School of Morbegno: the valley floor of the Valtellina
Creators: name: Cameron, Enrico
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Morbegno is the main urban center of the Lower Valtellina and is home to the Istituto Comprensivo 2 Damiani, which in 2017 joined the Interreg Alpine Space – YOUrALPS project, aimed at developing a new school model focused on the environmental and socio-economic dynamics of the Alps. In 2020, the lower secondary school of the institute obtained the European Alpine School certification, establishing a dedicated educational track. The main goal is to reconnect students with their local territory, raising awareness of the characteristics, resources, and opportunities of the mountain environment.

This text describes a geological and geomorphological excursion organized by the Alpine School, focused on observing significant landslide phenomena and their effects along a route that follows the valley floor of the Valtellina. A summarized version of this text, in Italian, was published in Geologicamente, a science magazine of the Italian Geological Society (Issue 16, March 2025).
(1522) Cecil Gordon Tennant
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Comment on "Measurements of Newton's gravitational constant and the length of day"
Creators: name: Pitkin, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There have been recent claims (Anderson et al., EPL, 110, 10002) of a 5.9 year periodicity in measurements of Newton's gravitational constant, $G$, which show a very strong correlation with observed periodic variations in the length of the day. I have used Bayesian model comparison to test this claim compared to other hypotheses that could explain the variation in the $G$ measurements. I have used the data from the initial claim, and from an updated set of compiled $G$ measurements that more accurately reflect the experimental dates, and find that a model containing an additional unknown Gaussian noise component is hugely favoured, by factors of $\gtrsim e^{30}$, over two models allowing for a sinusoidal component.
description: To be published in EPL. This is an abridged version of the original document to conform the the journal's "Comment" page limit, therefore further figures, tables and explanation of the analysis can be found in v1 arXiv:1505.06725v1. This also contains a response to the comment arXiv:1508.00532. The analysis code and figures can be found at https://github.com/mattpitkin/periodicG
Investigating the experiences of healthcare providers affected by infertility in the United States: a scoping review
Creators: name: Clayton, Michelle Marie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Public Health
subject: Access to Care; Assisted Reproductive Technology; Health Policy; Insurance Coverage; Reproduction

description: Investigating the experiences of healthcare providers affected by infertility in the United States: a scoping review
An investigation of effective online teaching: a needs analysis of online educators and online students
Creators: name: Farrell, Orna
name: Brunton, James
name: Costello, Eamon
name: Ni She, Caitriona
name: Donlon, Enda
name: Trevaskis, Samantha
name: Eccles, Sinead
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Teaching online
Online pedagogy
Professional development

description: The main aim of the #Openteach project is to produce, and evaluate, evidence-based open professional development for part-time online educators. In an earlier phase of the project a synthesis of the relevant literature was completed in order to identify online educator roles and the associated competencies for effective online teaching. Concurrently, we conducted a needs analysis of the target population, online students and their online educators based in the OEU. This report contains the outcomes of this needs analysis and will be used, along with the literature synthesis, to guide the development of the professional development resources and course to be implemented in later stages of the project.
A data-driven method to reduce excessive contact pressure of hand orthosis using a soft sensor skin
Creators: name: Tan, Xinyang
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Discomfort under customised hand orthosis has been commonly reported in clinics due to excessive contact pressures, leading to low patient adherence and decreased effectiveness of orthosis. However, the current orthosis adjustment by clinicians to reduce pressures based upon subjective feedback from patients is inefficient and prone to variability. Therefore, a quantitative method to guide orthosis adjustment was proposed here by developing a data-driven method. Firstly, Verbal Protocol Analysis was employed to convert the implicit process of orthosis customisation into working models of clinicians. Relevant data to inform a new solution development to reduce excessive contact pressure were extracted from the working models in terms of time consumption and iterations of tasks. Secondly, a new soft sensor skin with strategically placed sensing units to measure static contact pressures under hand orthoses was developed. Finite element simulations were conducted to reveal the required contact pressure range (0.02 – 0.078 MPa) and the distribution of relatively high pressures in 12 key areas. A new fabrication method was proposed to produce the sensor skin, which was then characterised and tested on the subject. The results show that the sensor unit has a pressure range from 0.01 MPa to 0.1 MPa with the maximum repeatability error of 6.4% at 0.014 MPa, and the maximum measurement error of 8.26% at 0.023 MPa. Thirdly, a new method was proposed to predict contact pressures associated with the moderate level of discomfort at critical spots under hand orthoses. 40 patients were recruited to collect contact pressures under two types of orthoses using the sensor skin, and their discomfort perceptions were measured with a categorical scale. Based on these data, artificial neural networks for five identified critical spots on the hand were built to predict pressure thresholds that clinicians can use to adjust orthoses, thus reducing excessive contact pressures. The neural networks show satisfactory prediction accuracy with R2 values over 0.89 of regression between network outputs and measurements. Collectively, this thesis proposed a novel method for clinicians to adjust orthoses quantitatively and reduce the need for subjective assessment for patients. It provided a platform to further investigate the pressure for patients with other conditions.
Coupled-cluster theory for atoms and molecules in strong magnetic fields
Creators: name: Stopkowicz, Stella
name: Gauss, Jürgen
name: Lange, Kai K.
name: Tellgren, Erik I.
name: Helgaker, Trygve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An implementation of coupled-cluster (CC) theory to treat atoms and molecules in finite magnetic fields is presented. The main challenges stem from the magnetic-field dependence in the Hamiltonian, or, more precisely, the appearance of the angular momentum operator, due to which the wave function becomes complex and which introduces a gauge-origin dependence. For this reason, an implementation of a complex CC code is required together with the use of gauge-including atomic orbitals to ensure gauge-origin independence. Results of coupled-cluster singles--doubles--perturbative-triples (CCSD(T)) calculations are presented for atoms and molecules with a focus on the dependence of correlation and binding energies on the magnetic field.
(1524) Harold Addison Garnett
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary Figures and Text from Burgess shale fossils shed light on the agnostid problem
Creators: name: J. Moysiuk
name: J.-B. Caron
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Including additional photos of specimens, full list of modifications and results of analysis, specimen data and a list of characters considered relevant to the Agnostid Problem.
The Length Dependence of the PolyQ-mediated Protein Aggregation
Creators: name: Barton, Sunjay
name: Khare, Sagar D.
name: Jacak, Ron
name: Ding, Feng
name: Dokholyan, Nikolay V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat disorders are caused by the expansion of CAG tracts in certain genes, resulting in transcription of proteins with abnormally long polyQ inserts. When these inserts expand beyond 35-45 glutamines, affected proteins form toxic aggregates, leading to neuron death. Chymotrypsin inhibitor 2 (CI2) with an inserted glutamine repeat has previously been used to model polyQ-mediated aggregation in vitro. However, polyQ insertion lengths in these studies have been kept below the pathogenic threshold. We perform molecular dynamics simulations to study monomer folding dynamics and dimer formation in CI2-polyQ chimeras with insertion lengths of up to 80 glutamines. Our model recapitulates the experimental results of previous studies of chimeric CI2 proteins, showing high folding cooperativity of monomers as well as protein association via domain swapping. Surprisingly, for chimeras with insertion lengths above the pathogenic threshold, monomer folding cooperativity decreases and the dominant mode for dimer formation becomes interglutamine hydrogen bonding. These results support a mechanism for pathogenic polyQ-mediated aggregation, in which expanded polyQ tracts destabilize affected proteins and promote the formation of partially unfolded intermediates. These unfolded intermediates form aggregates through associations by interglutamine interactions.
Ground state of doped cuprates from first principles quantum Monte Carlo calculations
Creators: name: Wagner, Lucas K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The author reports on new high-fidelity simulations of charge carriers in the high-T$_c$ cuprate materials using quantum Monte Carlo techniques applied to the first principles Hamiltonian. With this high accuracy technique, the doped ground state is found to be a spin polaron, in which charge is localized through a strong interaction with the spin. This spin polaron has calculated properties largely similar to the phenomenology of the cuprates, and may be the object which forms the Fermi surface and charge inhomogeneity in these materials. The spin polaron has some unique features that should be visible in X-ray, EELS, and neutron experiments. The results contained in this paper comprise an accurate first principles derived paradigm from which to study superconductivity in the cuprates.
Supplementary Figures from Embryonic stem cells become functionally sensitive to mechanical stress upon exit from naive pluripotency.
Creators: name: C. M. Verstreken
name: C. Labouesse
name: C. C. Agley
name: K. J. Chalut
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biophysics
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

description: Stem cell fate decisions are driven by a broad array of signals, both chemical and mechanical. Although much progress has been made in our understanding of the impact of chemical signals on cell fate choice, much less is known about the role and influence of mechanical signalling, particularly in embryonic stem (ES) cells. Many studies use substrates with different stiffness to study mechanical signalling, but changing substrate stiffness can induce secondary effects which are difficult to disentangle from the direct effects of forces/mechanical signals. To probe the direct impact of mechanical stress on cells, we developed an adaptable cell substrate stretcher to exert specific, reproducible forces on cells. Using this device to test the response of ES cells to tensile strain, we found that cells experienced a transient influx of calcium followed by an upregulation of the so-called immediate and early genes. On longer timescales, however, ES cells in naive pluripotent conditions were largely insensitive to mechanical stress. Nonetheless, as ES cells exited the ground state, their susceptibility to mechanical signals increased, resulting in broad transcriptional changes. Our findings suggest that exit from naive pluripotency is unaffected by mechanical signals, but that these signals could become important during the next stage of lineage specification. A better understanding of this process could improve our understanding of cell fate choice in early development and improve protocols for differentiation guided by mechanical cues.
Exploring aspects of memory in healthy ageing and following stroke
Creators: name: Kapsetaki, Marianna Evangelia
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Memory is critical for everyday functioning. Remembering an event with rich detail requires the ability to remember the temporal order of occurrences within the event and spatial locations associated with it. But it remains unclear whether it also requires memory for the perspective from which we encoded the event, whether these three aspects of memory are affected following stroke, and which are the key brain regions upon which they rely. These questions are explored in this thesis. In the first study presented here, I examined young and elderly healthy subjects with an autobiographical memory interview and a 2D spatial memory task assessing self-perspective, and found no correlation between performance on these tasks. In the second experimental study, by assessing stroke patients on a 3D spatio-temporal memory task, I found that damage to the right intraparietal sulcus was associated with poorer memory for temporal order. However, voxelwise analyses detected no association between parietal lobe regions and accuracy in the egocentric condition of this task, or between medial temporal lobe regions and accuracy in the allocentric condition, one possible reason being that performance was near ceiling. In the third experimental study, by assessing a considerably larger group of stroke patients on a spatial memory task, I found that, as a group, patients performed worse than healthy controls, and performance was correlated with an activities of daily living scale. A spatial memory network was identified in right (but not left) hemisphere stroke patients. These findings provide evidence that spatial memory impairment is common after stroke, highlight its potential functional relevance, and increase our understanding of which regions are critical for remembering temporal order and spatial information. Furthermore, they suggest a dissociation between the mechanisms underpinning recall of 2D scenes over relatively short intervals versus remembering of real-life events across periods of many years.
High energy physics in the vicinity of rotating black holes
Creators: name: Grib, A. A.
name: Pavlov, Yu. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of the paper is the consideration of particle collisions in the vicinity of the horizon of rotating black holes. Existence of geodesics for massive and massless particles arising from the region inside of the gravitational radius in ergosphere leads to the different possibilities to get very high energy in the centre mass frame of two particles. The classification of all such geodesics on the basis of the proved theorem for extremal spherical orbits is given. Case of the unlimited growth of energy for the situation when one of the particles (the critical one) is moving along the "white hole" geodesic with the close to the upper limit angular momentum while the other particle is on the usual geodesic and the case of the unlimited negative angular momentum of the first particle are considered.
description: 12 pages
Measurement of charm and beauty production at central rapidity versus charged-particle multiplicity in proton-proton collisions at $\mathbf{\sqrt{\textit s}}=7$ TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prompt D meson and non-prompt J/$ψ$ yields are studied as a function of the multiplicity of charged particles produced in inelastic proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV. The results are reported as a ratio between yields in a given multiplicity interval normalised to the multiplicity-integrated ones (relative yields). They are shown as a function of the multiplicity of charged particles normalised to the average value for inelastic collisions (relative charged-particle multiplicity). D$^0$, D$^+$ and D$^{*+}$ mesons are measured in five $p_{\rm T}$ intervals from 1 to 20 GeV/$c$ and for $|y|<0.5$ via their hadronic decays. The D-meson relative yield is found to increase with increasing charged-particle multiplicity. For events with multiplicity six times higher than the average multiplicity of inelastic collisions, a yield enhancement of a factor about 15 relative to the multiplicity-integrated yield in inelastic collisions is observed. The yield enhancement is independent of transverse momentum within the uncertainties of the measurement. The D$^0$-meson relative yield is also measured as a function of the relative multiplicity at forward pseudorapidity. The non-prompt J/$ψ$, i.e. the B hadron, contribution to the inclusive J/$ψ$ production is measured in the di-electron decay channel at central rapidity. It is evaluated for $p_{\rm T}>1.3$ GeV/$c$ and $|y|<0.9$, and extrapolated to $p_{\rm T}>0$. The fraction of non-prompt J/$ψ$ in the inclusive J/$ψ$ yields shows no dependence on the charged-particle multiplicity at central rapidity. Charm and beauty hadron relative yields exhibit a similar increase with increasing charged-particle multiplicity. The measurements are compared to PYTHIA 8, EPOS 3 and percolation calculations.
description: 39 pages, 11 captioned figures, 2 (+6) tables, authors from page 34, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/1599
The RACK1 Ortholog Asc1 Functions as a G-protein β Subunit Coupled to Glucose Responsiveness in Yeast
Creators: name: Dohlman, Henrik G.
name: Parnell, Stephen C.
name: Zeller, Corinne E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: According to the prevailing paradigm, G-proteins are composed of three subunits, an alpha subunit with GTPase activity and a tightly associated betagamma subunit complex. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae there are two known Galpha proteins (Gpa1 and Gpa2) but only one Gbetagamma, which binds only to Gpa1. Here we show that the yeast ortholog of RACK1 (receptor for activated protein kinase C1) Asc1 functions as the Gbeta for Gpa2. As with other known Gbeta proteins, Asc1 has a 7-WD domain structure, interacts directly with the Galpha in a guanine nucleotide-dependent manner, and inhibits Galpha guanine nucleotide exchange activity. In addition, Asc1 binds to the effector enzyme adenylyl cyclase (Cyr1), and diminishes the production of cAMP in response to glucose stimulation. Thus, whereas Gpa2 promotes glucose signaling through elevated production of cAMP, Asc1 has opposing effects on these same processes. Our findings reveal the existence of an unusual Gbeta subunit, one having multiple functions within the cell in addition to serving as a signal transducer for cell surface receptors and intracellular effectors.
People with Farm Earnings… Sources and Distribution of Income
Creators: name: Reinsel, Edward L.
name: Reinsel, Edward L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1972
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: People with farm income
subject: off-farm income
subject: income distribution
subject: Gini ratio
subject: Federal tax data
subject: Regions

description: During 1963-69, growth in wages and salaries and other off-farm income improved average income levels of people with farm earnings and probably brought about more equal income distribution. Nevertheless, many of these people continued to report low incomes. More traditional farm programs may remain necessary in rural areas where the potential for growth in off-farm jobs is minimal. Neither present programs nor expanded off-farm opportunities offer a solution to income problems of the aged. Programs that expand earnings for people while they are working are needed to help prevent future income problems.
Unexpected swelling of stiff DNA in a polydisperse crowded environment
Creators: name: Kang, Hongsuk
name: Toan, Ngo Minh
name: Hyeon, Changbong
name: Thirumalai, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We investigate the conformations of DNA-like stiff chains, characterized by contour length ($L$) and persistence length ($l_p$), in a variety of crowded environments containing mono disperse soft spherical (SS) and spherocylindrical (SC) particles, mixture of SS and SC, and a milieu mimicking the composition of proteins in $E. coli.$ cytoplasm. The stiff chain, whose size modestly increases in SS crowders up to $ϕ\approx 0.1$, is considerably more compact at low volume fractions ($ϕ\leq 0.2$) in monodisperse SC particles than in a medium containing SS particles. A 1:1 mixture of SS and SC crowders induces greater chain compaction than the pure SS or SC crowders at the same $ϕ$ with the effect being highly non-additive. We also discover a counter-intuitive result that polydisperse crowding environment, mimicking the composition of a cell lysate, swells the DNA-like polymer, which is in stark contrast to the size reduction of flexible polymer in the same milieu. Trapping of the stiff chain in a fluctuating tube-like environment created by large-sized crowders explains the dramatic increase in size and persistence length of the stiff chain. In the polydisperse medium, mimicking the cellular environment, the size of the DNA (or related RNA) is determined by $L/l_p$. At low $L/l_p$ the size of the polymer is unaffected whereas there is a dramatic swelling at intermediate value of $L/l_p$. We use these results to provide insights into recent experiments on crowding effects on RNA, and also make testable predictions.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures, J. Am. Chem. Soc. (accepted)
(1523) Frederick Horsfall Garnett
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.