cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Land Reform and Sustainable Development
Creators: name: Boyce, James K.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: Land reform – the reallocation of rights to establish a more equitable distribution of farmland –
can be a powerful strategy for promoting both economic development and environmental quality.
This paper surveys land reform strategies, illustrated by the postwar reforms in East Asia and the
‘bottom-up’ land reform today being led by Brazil’s Landless Workers’ Movement. Land reform
can reduce rural poverty not only by channeling a larger slice of the agricultural- income pie to
low- income households, but also by increasing the size of the pie by raising land productivity.
Land reform’s contribution to poverty reduction can be magnified by spillover effects in the
urban economy. With a supportive policy environment, land reform also can foster a transition to
sustainable agriculture, due to the environmental comparative advantages of small farms.
Primeiro registro de ninho de jacaré com bivaque de formiga de correição no Cerrado brasileiro
Creators: name: Nunes1, Rafael Vieira
name: Wesley, D.
name: Carvalho, Marcela Soares Gigliotti De
name: Chagas, Pablo Bernardo Costa Das
name: Louzada-Silva, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this work we showed for the first time, the army ant Labidus praedator (Formicidae: Ecitoninae) using a nest of dwarf caiman Paleosuchus palpebrosus (Crocodylia: Alligatoridae) for the establishment of bivouacs in Brazilian Cerrado. Over almost three months of inspection of the nest we recorded the presence of L. praedator and, although this species is extremely carnivorous, there was no sign of predation on eggs and/or neonates of P. palpebrosus. Additionally, we discuss how the presence of ants could have inhibited, or not the presence of the female alligator in the nest, exposing the offspring to greater or lesser attack by predators. In addition, we suggest future studies to monitor other alligators nests infested with army ants in order to assess the indirect impact of these ants in the reproductive success of alligators
Tutkimusaineistojen hallinta osana tutkimuksen elinkaarta.
Creators: name: Sunikka, Anne
name: Näppilä, Turkka
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: research data, governance, survey

description: Esitys on Avoimen Tieteen koordinaation datan avoimuuden asiantuntijaryhmä aineistot organisaatioissa –työryhmän loppuraportti, joka esitettiin 13.5.2020 Avoimen tieteen kevätpäivillä. Työryhmä ideoi tapoja eri tutkimusorganisaatioiden olemassa olevien ja syntyvien tutkimusaineistoja kartoittamiseksi..Työryhmä yritti löytää ideoita, jotka olisivat käyttökelpoisia monelle tutkimusorganisaatioille. Työryhmän tarkoitus oli tarjota konsepteja, jotka toteutetaan todennäköisesti eri tavoin eri organisaatioissa Tutkimusaineistot ovat tutkimusorganisaatioiden pääomaa, mutta käytännössä tutkimusorganisaatioilla on hyvin puutteellinen käsitys hallussaan olevista tutkimusaineistoista (mitä ja millaista aineistoa ja missä). Työryhmä ehdottaa neljää eri keinoa tutkimusaineistojen parempaan hallintaan: Aineistokysely aloittaville ja lähteville tutkijoille Dynaamiset DMP:t Tiedonkeruu tutkimusaineistojen tallennustilaa haettaessa Tietojen kerääminen vanhoista tutkimusaineistoista
Exchange Market Pressure, Monetary Policy, and Economic Growth: Argentina in 1993-2004
Creators: name: Garcia, Clara
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: The pressure in the exchange market against a particular currency has been frequently measured as
the sum of the loss of international reserves plus the loss of nominal value of that currency. This
paper follows the tradition of investigating the interactions between such measure of exchange
market pressure (EMP) and monetary policy; but it also questions the usual omission of output
growth in the empirical investigations of the interrelations between EMP, domestic credit, and
interest rates. The focus of this work is Argentina between 1993 and 2004. As in previous studies,
we found some evidence of a positive and double-direction relationship between EMP and
domestic credit. But output growth also played a role in the determination of EMP, even more than
domestic credit or interest rates. Also, there is some evidence that EMP affected growth negatively.
title: Unexpected electronic features of NiO quantum dots produced by femtosecond pulsed laser ablation in water
Creators: name: Buerkle, Marius
name: Padmanaban, Dilli babu
name: McGlynn, Ruairi
name: Mariotti, Davide
name: Svrcek, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2024

description: This study examines the effect of quantum confinement and surface orientations on the electronic properties of NiO quantum dots. It compares NiO nanocrystals produced via atmospheric-pressure microplasma and femtosecond laser (fs-laser) ablation in water, finding that both methods yield quantum-confined nanocrystals with a defined face-centered cubic lattice. Notably, fs-laser synthesis generates crystalline nanocrystals from both crystalline and amorphous targets. While the electronic properties, i.e., energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), of microplasma-synthesized NiO nanocrystals are consistent with the literature, the electronic characteristics of NiO nanocrystals produced by a fs-laser, particularly the high-lying LUMO level, are unusual for NiO quantum dots. Supported by density functional theory calculations, we show that the observed level positions are related to the different polar and nonpolar faces of the nanocrystal surface.
Primeiro registro de ninho de jacaré com bivaque de formiga de correição no Cerrado bras
Creators: name: Nunes1, Rafael Vieira
name: Wesley, D.
name: Carvalho, Marcela Soares Gigliotti De
name: Chagas, Pablo Bernardo Costa Das
name: Louzada-Silva, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this work we showed for the first time, the army ant Labidus praedator (Formicidae: Ecitoninae) using a nest of dwarf caiman Paleosuchus palpebrosus (Crocodylia: Alligatoridae) for the establishment of bivouacs in Brazilian Cerrado. Over almost three months of inspection of the nest we recorded the presence of L. praedator and, although this species is extremely carnivorous, there was no sign of predation on eggs and/or neonates of P. palpebrosus. Additionally, we discuss how the presence of ants could have inhibited, or not the presence of the female alligator in the nest, exposing the offspring to greater or lesser attack by predators. In addition, we suggest future studies to monitor other alligators nests infested with army ants in order to assess the indirect impact of these ants in the reproductive success of alligators
Certification Systems as Tools for Natural Asset Building: Potential , Experience to Date, and Critical Challenges
Creators: name: Conroy, Michael E.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: Certification systems are becoming important tools to encourage and reward social and
environmental responsibility. This paper explores whether these systems, which generally have
not been designed for the explicit aim of poverty reduction, can assist poor people, either
individually or in community-based and small-to-medium production units, to build their natural
assets as a basis for sustainable livelihoods. The paper examines two leading certification
systems – the Forest Stewardship Council™ and the Fair Trade Certified™ system – and
emerging systems in tourism and mining. The results to date have been mixed. In the forestry
sector, poverty reduction benefits of certification have been modest relative to its environmental
benefits. In the agricultural commodity trade, where certification systems have been designed
with a stronger focus on reducing poverty, the benefits have been greater. The long-term
challenge is to ensure that the rapid global uptake and ‘mainstreaming’ of certification systems
does not create new hurdles for low-income individuals and communities.
Central Banks as Agents of Economic Development
Creators: name: Epstein, Gerald
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: In the last two decades, there has been a global sea change in the theory and practice of
central banking. The currently dominant “best practice” approach to central banking
consists of the following: (1) central bank independence (2) a focus on inflation fighting
(including adopting formal “inflation targeting”) and (3) the use of indirect methods of
monetary policy (i.e., short-term interest rates as opposed to direct methods such as credit
ceilings). This paper argues that this neo-liberal approach to central banking is highly
idiosyncratic in that, as a package, it is dramatically different from the historically
dominant theory and practice of central banking, not only in the developing world, but,
notably, in the now developed countries themselves. Throughout the early and recent
history of central banking in the U.S., England, Europe, and elsewhere, financing
governments, managing exchange rates, and supporting economic sectors by using
“direct methods” of intervention have been among the most important tasks of central
banking and, indeed, in many cases, were among the reasons for their existence. The neoliberal
central policy package, then, is drastically out of step with the history and
dominant practice of central banking throughout most of its history.
title: Methoden der Künstlichen Intelligenz in der Rechtswissenschaft
Creators: name: Gumpp, Tobias
name: Schneider, Marc
Publisher: name: C.H.Beck
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Rechtswissenschaft
subject: Künstliche Intelligenz
subject: Juristische Methodik
subject: Interdisziplinäre Forschung
subject: 340

description: Dieser Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob Methoden der Künstlichen Intelligenz – namentlich des Maschinellen Lernens – auch für die Rechtswissenschaft fruchtbar gemacht werden können. Als Beispiel dient ein Verfahren des unüberwachten Lernens zur Textanalyse anhand aller deutschen Bundesgesetze. Hierbei zeigt sich, dass Methoden der Künstlichen Intelligenz dazu beitragen können, juristische Aussagen insbesondere über künftiges Recht zu unterstützen sowie intersubjektiv nachvollziehbarer und reproduzierbar zu machen. Indes ist eine wertende Hand für die juristische Analyse einstweilen unerlässlich und unersetzlich.
description: Zeitschrift für Digitalisierung und Recht: ZfDR, no. 2, p. 155
Mapping Between Databases of Compounds and Protein Targets
Creators: name: Sorel Muresan
name: Sitzmann, Markus
name: Southan, Christopher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Cheminformatics

description: Databases that provide links between bioactive compounds and their protein targets are increasingly important in drug discovery and chemical biology. They join the expanding universes of cheminformatics via chemical structures on the one hand and bioinformatics via sequences on the other. However, it is difficult to assess the relative utility of databases without the explicit comparison of content. We have exemplified an approach to this by comparing resources that each has a different focus on bioactive chemistry (ChEMBL, DrugBank, Human Metabolome Database, and Therapeutic Target Database) both at the chemical structure and protein levels. We compared the compound sets at different representational stringencies using NCI/CADD Structure Identifiers. The overlap and uniqueness in chemical content can be broadly interpreted in the context of different data capture strategies. However, we recorded apparent anomalies, such as many compounds-in-common between the metabolite and drug databases. We also compared the content of sequences mapped to the compounds via their UniProt protein identifiers. While these were also generally interpretable in the context of individual databases we discerned differences in coverage and the types of supporting data used. For example, the target concept is applied differently between DrugBank and the Therapeutic Target Database. In ChEMBL it encompasses a broader range of mappings from chemical biology and species orthologue cross-screening in addition to drug targets per se. Our analysis should assist users not only in exploiting the synergies between these four high-value resources but also in assessing the utility of other databases at the interface of chemistry and biology.
The Work Environment Index: Technical Background Paper
Creators: name: Heintz, James
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: The vast majority of Americans work for a living. The track record of different states varies widely when it comes to providing decent opportunities for working people. The Work Environment Index (WEI) captures these differences and provides a basis for evaluating how well each state does in creating an economy that supports its working population.  The purpose of this article is to detail the construction of the WEI and to explain the design of the Index.  This paper serves as a technical companion to the report Decent Work in America: The 2005 Work Environment Index.
Comments on Aaron Yelowitz, "Santa Fe's Living Wage Ordinance and the Labor Market"
Creators: name: Pollin, Robert
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: In a new study by Yelowitz “Santa Fe’s Wage Ordinance and the Labor Market,” dated
September 23, 2005 (published by the Employment Policies Institute) Yelowitz claims to have
demonstrated that the Santa Fe living wage ordinance is responsible for significant, negative
consequences for Santa Fe’s least educated residents, including a 9.0 percentage point increase in
the city’s unemployment rate among such workers. However, he derives these findings through a
presentation of evidence that is misleading and incomplete, misusing the available data.
We replicate and extend Yelowitz’s model to look at job growth specifically, and, using the same
data as Yelowitz, we find that the Santa Fe ordinance did not produce any decline at all in the
availability of jobs. Moreover, our estimates suggest that the living wage ordinance did increase
earned income for the average worker affected by the ordinance, even if we accept Yelowitz’s
estimates on reduced hours of work. In short, even while relying on Yelowitz’s own model and
estimates, we find that, to date, the Santa Fe ordinance has succeeded in achieving its main aims:
to improve the quality of jobs for low-wage workers in Santa Fe without reducing their
employment opportunities.
Inflation and Economic Growth: A Cross-Country Non-linear Analysis
Creators: name: Pollin, Robert
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: This paper presents new non-linear regression estimates of the relationship
between inflation and economic growth for 80 countries over the period 1961 – 2000.
We perform tests using the full sample of countries as well as sub-samples consisting of
OECD countries, middle-income countries, and low-income countries. We also consider
the full sample of countries within the four separate decades between 1961 – 2000.
Considering our full data set we consistently find that higher inflation is associated with
moderate gains in GDP growth up to a roughly 15 – 18 percent inflation threshold.
However, the findings diverge when we divide our full data set according to income
levels. With the OECD countries, no clear pattern emerges at all with either the inflation
coefficient or our estimated turning point. With the middle income countries, we return
to a consistently positive pattern of inflation coefficients, though none are statistically
significant. The turning points range within a narrow band in this sample, between 14 –
16 percent. With the low income countries, we obtain positive and higher coefficient
values on the inflation coefficient than with the middle-income countries. With the
groupings by decade, the results indicate that inflation and growth will be more highly
correlated to the degree that macroeconomic policy is focused on demand management as
a stimulus to growth. We consider the implications of these findings for the conduct of
monetary policy. One is that there is no justification for inflation-targeting policies as
they are currently being practiced throughout the middle- and low-income countries, that
is, to maintain inflation with a 3 – 5 percent band.
Neoliberalism, Global Imbalances, and Stages of Capitalist Development
Creators: name: Li, Minqi
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: This paper examines certain structural macroeconomic relations in the neoliberal
global economy. The current global economy rests upon three unsustainable trends:
the debt-driven U.S. consumption expansion; China’s excessive investment expansion;
and the large and rising U.S. current account deficits. When these trends are
eventually reversed or corrected, there could be major upheavals in the world
economy. The decline of neoliberalism may pave the way for a new set of economic,
political, and social institutions.
The Effects of Neoliberal "Reforms" on the Post-Crisis Korean Economy
Creators: name: Crotty, James
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: In December 1997 the IMF offered Korea loans to help alleviate its financial crisis. These
loans were accompanied by what the IMF called “extreme structural conditionality.”
Korea was required to replace its traditional East Asian economic system with a
neoliberal model. We review economic performance in the neoliberal era. Growth has
slowed, poverty and inequality have risen, and investment spending has stagnated, while
foreign ownership of Korean firms and banks has skyrocketed. We argue that foreign
investment has not helped Korea. For example, by leading a shift from corporate to
consumer lending, foreign control of Korea’s financial markets has constrained capital
accumulation and helped create an excessively indebted household sector, while making
it harder for the government to adopt progressive economic policies. We conclude that
the eight year experiment with radical neoliberal restructuring has turned out well for
foreign capital and wealthy Koreans, but has been a failure for the majority of Korea’s
people.
A Chinese Sky Trust? Distributional Impacts of Carbon Charges and Revenue Recycling in China
Creators: name: Brenner, Mark
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: The introduction of carbon charges on the use of fossil fuels in China would have
a progressive impact on income distribution. This outcome, which contrasts to the
regressive distributional impact found in most studies of carbon charges in
industrialized countries, is driven primarily by differences between urban and
rural expenditure patterns. If carbon revenues were recycled on an equal per
capita basis via a ‘sky trust,’ the progressive impact would be further enhanced:
low-income (mainly rural) households would receive more in sky-trust dividends
than they pay in carbon charges, and high-income (mainly urban) households
would pay more than they receive in dividends. Thus a Chinese sky trust would
contribute to both lower fossil fuel consumption and greater income equality.
Caracterização das Populacṍes Estelares da Via Láctea
Creators: name: Bragança, Gustavo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics
subject: 20104 Galactic Astronomy
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monograifa para Exame de Qualificação no programa de doutorado do Observatório Nacional, Brasil.

Resumo:
Nesta monografia, relataremos os principais tópicos discutidos atualmente sobre as populações estelares do halo, bojo e disco Galáctico.
Na última década, foram feitas várias descobertas de subestruturas e sobredensidades no halo e no disco que corroboram a ideia de canibalização de galáxias e o modelo hierárquico de formação da Via Láctea.
Alguns aglomerados globulares apresentam presença de múltiplas sequências principais e (anti)correlação entre razões de abundâncias de elemento químicos, o que alguns autores sugeriram ser fruto de múltiplas populações nestes aglomerados.
Há evidências de que o halo possa ser dividido em duas componentes, porém há discordância sobre os resultados das análises destas evidências. No disco, há várias evidências de uma dicotomia, entretanto resultados mais recentes possivelmente apontam o contrário.
O bojo possui uma população intrigante que possivelmente é mais enriquecida em metais quando comparada às populações do halo e do disco, e ainda não há um cenário completo que explique a formação desta população.
Esta monografia, assim como sua apresentação e defesa, faz parte do exame de qualificação do programa de doutorado do Observatório Nacional.
A Laboratory Investigation of Compliance Behavior under Tradable Emissions Rights: Implications for Targeted Enforcement
Creators: name: Murphy, James J.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: This paper uses laboratory experiments to test the theoretical observations that both the
violations of competitive risk-neutral firms and the marginal effectiveness of increased
enforcement across firms are independent of differences in their abatement costs and their initial
allocations of permits. This conclusion has important implications for enforcing emissions
trading programs because it suggests that regulators have no justification for targeting their
enforcement effort based on firm-level characteristics. Consistent with the theory, we find that
subjects’ violations were independent of parametric differences in their abatement costs.
However, those subjects that were predicted to buy permits tended to have higher violation
levels than those who were predicted to sell permits. Despite this, we find no statistically
significant evidence that the marginal effectiveness of enforcement depends on any firmspecific
characteristic. We also examine the determinants of compliance behavior under fixed
emissions standards. As expected, we find significant differences between compliance behavior
under fixed standards and emissions trading programs.
Market Power in Direct Marketing of Fresh Produce: Community Supported Agriculture Farms
Creators: name: Lass, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: CSA farms establish a loyal customer base and, potentially, market power. A new empirical industrial organization (NEIO) approach and survey data from Northeast CSA farms are used to determine whether CSA farms have market power and the extent to which they exercise their market power. Results suggest CSA farms exert about two percent of their potential monopoly power.
Inspections to Avert Terrorism: Robustness Under Severe Uncertainty
Creators: name: Moffitt, L. Joe
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: Protecting against terrorist attacks requires making decisions in a world in which attack
probabilities are largely unknown. The potential for very large losses encourages a conservative
perspective, in particular toward decisions that are robust. But robustness, in the sense of
assurance against extreme outcomes, ordinarily is not the only desideratum in uncertain
environments. We adopt Yakov Ben-Haim’s (2001b) model of information gap decision making
to investigate the problem of inspecting a number of similar targets when one of the targets may
be attacked, but with unknown probability. We apply this to a problem of inspecting a sample of
incoming shipping containers for a terrorist weapon. While it is always possible to lower the
risk of a successful attack by inspecting more vessels, we show that robustness against the
failure to guarantee a minimum level of expected utility might not be monotonic. Robustness
modeling based on expected utility and incorporating inspection costs yields decision protocols
that are a useful alternative to traditional risk analysis.
What Motivates Common Pool Resource Users? Experimental Evidence from the Field
Creators: name: Vélez, Maria Alejandra
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: This paper develops and tests several models of pure Nash strategies of individuals who extract
from a common pool resource when they are motivated by a combination of self-interest and
other motivations such as altruism, reciprocity, inequity aversion and conformism. We test
whether an econometric summary of subjects’ strategies is consistent with one of these
motivations using data from a series of common pool resource experiments conducted in three
regions of Colombia. As expected, average extraction levels are less than that predicted by a
model of pure self-interest, but are nevertheless sub-optimal. Moreover, we find that a model of
conformism with monotonically increasing best response functions best describes average
strategies. Our empirical results are inconsistent with models of altruism, reciprocity and
inequity aversion.
Interaction Between Food Attributes in Markets: The Case of Environmental Labeling
Creators: name: Grolleau, Gilles
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: Some consumers derive utility from using products produced with specific processes,
such as environmentally friendly practices. Means of verifying these credence
attributes, such as certification, are necessary for the market to function effectively. A
substitute or complementary solution may exist when consumers perceive a relationship
between a process attribute and other verifiable product attributes. We present a model
where the level of search and experience attributes influences the likelihood of
production of eco-friendly products. Our results suggest that the market success of ecofriendly
food products requires a mix of environmental and other verifiable attributes
that together signal credibility.
Landowner Driven Sustainable Forest Management and Value-Added Processing
Creators: name: Damery, David T.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: The Massachusetts Woodlands Cooperative, LLC (MWC) is working to help members conduct sustainable forestry of the highest standards while increasing financial returns from harvest activities. The forests of Massachusetts, the 3rd most densely populated of the United States, are threatened. Decades of high grading and the threat of conversion to alternative use present challenges for maintaining a forested landscape. Despite being 60% forested Massachusetts imports approximately 98% of the wood fiber that its citizens consume.
MWC is a forest management, processing and marketing cooperative organized by and on behalf of forest landowners in western Massachusetts. The cooperative was envisioned in 1999, incorporated in 2001, gained Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) land management certification in 2003 and is currently in the business-start-up and early growth stage. An umbrella group certification protocol was developed to provide cost-effective forestland management certification. Members benefit from cooperative management of harvest operations, above market stumpage payments, and value-added processing and production including marketing traditionally low value and small diameter material. The added revenue from developing these new markets is used to fund both timber and non-timber related management activities that landowners value. The cooperative partners with local wood processing businesses to spur community economic development.
Review of Extensive ribosome and RF2 rearrangements during translation termination
Creators: name: Sjors HW Scheres, John Kuriyan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This paper describes five cryo-EM structures of ribosomal complexes apparently representing different stages of RF2-catalyzed translation termination. The novel observations here are that the tip of domain 3 of RF2 undergoes a rearrangement from an a-helical conformation to a b-hairpin conformation during termination that likely facilitates exit of the newly synthesized protein from the ribosomal polypeptide exit tunnel and that the ribosome can undergo two thermally activated, spontaneous conformational changes, a relative rotation of the ribosomal subunits and a swiveling of the 'head' domain of the small subunit, during termination that likely facilitate dissociation of RF2 from the ribosome. These are interesting observations that significantly extend our understanding of how class I RFs and ribosome conformational changes drive important steps during termination and, as such, all three reviewers recommended publication provided the following comments are addressed adequately.
An Investigation of Voluntary Discovery and Disclosure of Environmental Violations Using Laboratory Experiments
Creators: name: Murphy, James J.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: This paper uses laboratory experiments to test individual responses to policies that seek to
encourage firms to voluntarily discover and disclose violations of environmental standards. We
find that while it is possible to motivate a significant number of voluntary disclosures without
adversely affecting environmental quality, this result is sensitive to both the fine for disclosed
violations and the assumption that firms know their compliance status without cost. When
firms have to expend resources to determine their compliance status, motivating a significant
number of violation disclosures yields worse environmental quality. Finally, relative to
conventional enforcement, disclosure polices will result in more violations being sanctioned,
but fewer of these sanctions are for violations that are uncovered by the government.
Crowd-Sourced Unlatching of Curricular Books: A Joint Pilot by the California State University, Knowledge Unlatched, and the Internet Archive
Creators: name: Bilby, Mark G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Affordable Learning Solutions
Open Educational Resources
Knowledge Unlatched
Internet Archive
Open Library
National Emergency Library

description: BPCs (Book Processing Charges) to publish specific books Open Access (OA) usually are reserved for front-listed items and funded by one or a few sponsoring organizations. More often than not, such funds underwrite scholarly monographs that do not directly substitute for required course textbooks. BPCs do not typically cover the republication or relicensing (“unlatching,” “unlocking,” or “flipping”) of back-listed and out-of-print titles, even though such titles represent a massive amount of scholarly knowledge restricted by copyright, confined to print format, and yet still used in course curricula. This presentation will unveil an innovative, collaborative pilot between the California State University (CSU), Knowledge Unlatched, and the Internet Archive. As a global leader in Affordable Learning $olutions to save students money on textbooks, CSU proposed this pilot, provided a list of 18,000 ISBNs from required readings across its 23 campuses, and supplied matching kick-starter funds. Knowledge Unlatched combed through the CSU ISBN list to identify backlisted titles and negotiate pre-agreed price points at which publishers would unlatch these books. Finally, the Internet Archive ensured the availability of a digitized copy of the book on its Open Library platform, made it available for check-out via Controlled Digital Lending, and also coordinated book-specific, crowd-funding campaigns through a centralized list and on decentralized book record pages. Even publishers stand to benefit from this novel approach to OA publishing with its built-in capacity to gauge demand and monetize books that are not currently sources of revenue.
Heterogeneity and Common Pool Resources: Collective Management of Forests in Himachal Pradesh, India
Creators: name: Naidu, Sirisha C.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005

description: In the past two decades, theoretical and empirical evidence suggests that communities of resource users are capable of overcoming social dilemmas, and are capable of creating and sustaining institutions designed to prevent degradation of common pool natural resources. However, there is incomplete understanding of what motivates this group-level behavior and why some communities are better adept at solving collective action problems than others. This paper specifically explores the role of group heterogeneity in collective action among forest communities in the northwestern Himalayas. Heterogeneity can have important social and ecological consequences and understanding both its nature and effects can help in neutralizing the negative and enhancing the positive. Based on data from 54 forest communities in Himachal Pradesh, India, this paper finds that heterogeneity has at least three dimensions: wealth, identity and interest, and each may significantly affect collective actions related to natural resource management. However, their effects are far from simple and linear.
Carla Susana Viera Gonçalves, Invectiva na Tragédia de Séneca, (Estudos da FLUC, nº 40), Lisboa, Edições Colibri / Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra, 2003, 171 pp. [ISBN 972-772- 376-4]
Creators: name: Mendes, António Manuel Gonçalves
Publisher: name: Ágora. Estudos Clássicos em Debate
Year: 2004

description: Sem resumo disponível.
description: Ágora. Estudos Clássicos em Debate, n.º 6 (2004)
External Contradictions of the Chinese Development Model: Export-led Growth and the Dangers of Global Economic Contraction
Creators: name: Palley, Thomas I.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2006

description: China’s development model faces an external constraint that could cause an
economic hard landing. China has become a global manufacturing powerhouse, and its
size now renders its export-led growth strategy unsustainable. China relies on the U.S.
market, but the scale of its exports is contributing to the massive U.S. trade deficit,
creating financial fragility and undermining the U.S. manufacturing sector. These
developments could stall the U.S. economy’s expansion, in turn triggering a global
recession that will embrace China. This is the external constraint.
These considerations suggest China should transition from export-led growth to
domestic demand-led growth. This requires growing the economy’s demand side as well
as its supply-side. To avoid stalling the U.S. economic expansion, which is critical to
China’s growth, China should significantly revalue its currency as part of a generalized
East Asian upward currency revaluation.
Longer term, China should raise wages and improve income distribution. Under
export-led growth, higher wages undermine employment. Under domestic demand-led
growth, they support it. The challenge is to raise wages in an efficient decentralized
manner. History shows that this requires independent democratic trade unions. However,
such unions are currently unacceptable to Chinese political leadership. Creating a
domestic demand-led growth regime therefore requires solving this political roadblock.
AA.VV., Congresso Internacional Damião de Góis na Europa do Renascimento. Actas. Braga, Publicações da Faculdade de Filosofia da Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 2003, 926 pp. [ISBN 972-677-170-5].
Creators: name: Andrade, António Manuel Lopes
Publisher: name: Ágora. Estudos Clássicos em Debate
Year: 2004

description: Sem resumo disponível.
description: Ágora. Estudos Clássicos em Debate, n.º 6 (2004)
Monetary Policy and Financial Sector Reform For Employment Creation and Poverty Reduction in Ghana
Creators: name: Epstein, Gerald
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2006

description: This report summarizes the findings of a UNDP-sponsored study on the
structure of the financial sector, central bank policy, and employment
outcomes in Ghana. The financial sector is the primary conduit through which
monetary policy affects real economic outcomes, and monetary policy
determines the resources available to financial institutions. Therefore,
monetary policy must be coordinated with financial sector reforms in order
to improve employment opportunities, reduce poverty and support human
development. The report develops a critique of financial programming and
inflation targeting, presents a series of empirical estimates on the impact
of monetary policy variables in Ghana, and describes the elements of an
alternative monetary policy. In addition, the report documents the
institutional and structural constraints currently operating in the
financial system which prevent the sector from facilitating investment,
growth, and improved employment opportunities. Econometric estimates of the
determinants of investment explicitly link financial variables to real
economic activity. The report summarizes a series of financial sector
reforms that would improve the financial sector's capacity to move Ghana
onto an employment-intensive growth path.
OLIVEIRA, Francisco (Coord.), Penélope e Ulisses, Associação Portuguesa de Estudos Clássicos, Instituto de Estudos Clássicos, Centro de Estudos Clássicos e Humanísticos, Coimbra, 2003.
Creators: name: Marques, Maria João Botelho Moniz Da Silva
Publisher: name: Ágora. Estudos Clássicos em Debate
Year: 2004

description: Sem resumo disponível.
description: Ágora. Estudos Clássicos em Debate, n.º 6 (2004)
José Ribeiro Ferreira e Paula Barata Dias (coord.), Actas do Congresso “Som e Imagem no Ensino dos Estudos Clássicos”, Coimbra, Instituto de Estudos Clássicos, 2003, 376 pp. [ISBN: 972-9057-16-8]
Creators: name: Serafim, Joana
Publisher: name: Ágora. Estudos Clássicos em Debate
Year: 2004

description: Sem resumo disponível.
description: Ágora. Estudos Clássicos em Debate, n.º 6 (2004)
title: Diskriminierung in den Staatsprüfungen: Folge 27
Creators: name: Gather, Selma
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 340

description: In der 27. Folge von „Justitias Töchter“ spricht die Moderatorin und Juristin Selma Gather mit den Expertinnen Nora Wienfort und Charlotte Heppner über Diskriminierung in den juristischen Staatsprüfungen, vor allem in der mündlichen Prüfung. Charlotte Heppner und Nora Wienfort sind Doktorandinnen an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, sie sind Mitglieder des Arbeitsstabs Ausbildung und Beruf im Deutschen Juristinnenbund e.V. (djb) und Teil des Projekts „Diskriminierungsfreie mündliche Prüfung“. Gemeinsam mit Sophia Härtel haben sie die Studie „Die mündliche Prüfung in den juristischen Staatsexamina – eine Blackbox mit Diskriminierungspotential“ verfasst. Die Podcasterinnen sprechen über unconscious bias, also unbewusste Voreingenommenheit von Prüfenden, über unregulierte Prüfungs-Vorgespräche, unzulässige Bewertungskriterien und unklare Bewertungsmaßstäbe – und darüber, was sie als feministische Rechtswissenschaftlerinnen fordern, um diesen Diskriminierungsgefahren zu begegnen.
Photovoltaic Capacity Additions: The Optimal Rate of Deployment with Sensitivity to Time-Based GHG Emissions
Creators: name: Proc. ISSST
name: Dwarakanath Ravikumar
name: Chester, Mikhail
name: Seager, Thomas P
name: Fraser, Matthew P
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: Environmental impact assessments of photovoltaic (PV) deployments are based on the assumption that the environmental benefits can be allocated at the time of installation. However, benefits do not accrue immediately after installation but accrue over the entire life cycle of the PV module. There is an inter-temporal trade-off which depends on the magnitude of upfront PV manufacturing GHG emissions and the year-on-year GHGs avoided when PV electricity displaces electricity generated from fossil fuels. Moreover, environmental impact assessments of PV systems precludes temporally sensitive technology factors which impact the environmental benefits allocated to a PV depending on the year of installation. These factors include: the varying rates of technology improvements for different PV technologies, electricity mixes of the deployment location and location where PV systems are manufactured. By not incorporating inter-temporal trade-off analysis and temporally sensitive technology factors that influence net environmental impacts of PV deployments, PV capacity additions can inadvertently become counter-productive by increasing net GHG emissions over the short term.
This project designs and implements an optimization model to minimize the short term environmental impacts of PV system deployments by incorporating the inter-temporal trade-offs involved. When integrated with PV LCAs this model can help policy makers to minimize short term impacts along with fulfilling long term renewable energy policy goals. The results show that the optimal PV deployment strategy for the three states - California, Wyoming and Arizona - varies depending on the electricity mixes of these states. The optimal PV deployment strategy is sensitive to the state of technology and the choice of PV technology to fulfill the targets. Also, adopting an sub-optimal PV deployment strategy to meet California's PV policy targets by
importing Silicon PV modules from China will increase the CO2 emissions over the short term.
The Fallacy of the Revised Bretton Woods Hypothesis: Why Today’s System is Unsustainable and Suggestions for a Replacement
Creators: name: Palley, Thomas I.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2006

description: Dooley et al. (2003) have argued that today’s international financial system has structural
similarities with the earlier Bretton Woods (1946 – 71) arrangements and is stable. This
paper argues that the comparison is misplaced and ignores fundamental microeconomic
differences, and that today’s system is also vulnerable to a crash. Eichengreen (2004) and
Goldstein and Lardy (2005) have also argued that the system is unsustainable. However,
their focus is the sustainability of financing to cover the U.S. trade deficit, whereas the
current paper focuses on inadequacies on the system’s demand side. The paper concludes
with suggestions for a global system of managed exchange rates that should replace the
current system – hopefully, before it crashes.
Why Racial Stereotyping Doesn’t Just Go Away: The Question of Honesty and Work Ethic
Creators: name: McCrate, Elaine
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2006

description: One of the most persistent stereotypes about blacks concerns honesty and work ethic.
These characteristics are also central to employers' evaluation of prospective and current
workers; employers say that these traits matter more than skills. However, honesty and work
ethic are difficult to observe and assess, placing them squarely in the terrain of statistical
discrimination theory. One common criticism of this theory is that employers should be able to
collect enough information on prospective workers to render race irrelevant, and that highquality
workers have incentives to signal their productivity to employers regardless of race. As a
result, inefficient stereotypes should erode over time. In contrast, I argue that there are many
reasons for inefficient stereotypes about honesty and work ethic to persist, and I investigate the
empirical evidence for these theories.
Mandated Wage Floors and the Wage Structure: New Estimates of the Ripple Effects of Minimum Wage Laws
Creators: name: Wicks-Lim, Jeanette
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2006

description: Minimum wage laws have become a key political issue, following on the heels of over
130 successful living wage campaigns around the country. In the debates surrounding
these mandated wage floors, one recurring issue has been whether the legislation has
wider-ranging impacts on wages than the legally-required raises alone. Advocates on
both sides of the debate dispute the potential magnitude of 'ripple effects'- the nonmandated
raises given by employers to maintain a similar wage hierarchy before and
after a change in the wage floor. These ripple effects have the potential to greatly expand
the overall impact of mandated wage floors. This study uses data from twenty years of
the Current Population Survey to assess the magnitude of ripple effects in the context of
variations in minimum wage laws, and looks specifically at the retail trade sector to
model the potential magnitude of ripple effects under living wage ordinances, where the
'bite' of the legislation would encompass a larger share of the workforce.
Additional file 1 of Double lung transplantation is better than single lung transplantation for end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Fang, Yu-Chi
name: Cheng, Wen-Hsin
name: Lu, Hung-I
name: Wang, Yi-Shi
name: Chuang, Kai-Hao
name: Lai, Hsing-Hua
name: Chen, Yu
name: Chen, Li-Chun
name: Tsai, Meng-Yun
name: Chang, Yu-Ping
name: Huang, Kuo-Tung
name: Lo, Chien-Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Preoperative demographic characteristics; Operative demographics; Postoperative demographics. Collect some factors from inclusive studies.
Influence of methods of physical rehabilitation on quality of life in patients with toxic hepatitis
Creators: name: Shmatova, Elena
name: Nazar, P.S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Education

description: The purpose was to improve the state of the quality of life in patients with chronic toxic hepatitis in-patient treatment phase by the use of comprehensive program of physical rehabilitation. We examined 84 patients, including 55 - and 29 men - women. Quality of life was measured using a questionnaire SF - 36. The data obtained were compared with those of healthy people - donors. Found that patients significantly reduced quality of life condition. A program of physical rehabilitation with the use of complex tools: physiotherapy, massage, segmental massage, treatment status, respiration system Yoga. On 10 - 15 day in-patient revealed a positive trend against other major symptoms of the disease. At 6 - 7 day disappeared signs asthenia, improved mood, appetite, depression and aggression disappeared, abdominal pain, heaviness in the right upper quadrant. It has also the normalization of the excretory function of the gastrointestinal - intestinal tract. Patients pay attention to the improvement of the symptoms: dyspnea, normalize heart rate, decrease pain and numbness in the legs.
Analysis of the factors influencing the process of attracting adults to regular physical activity at the local level
Creators: name: Varenyk, Oleg
name: Shlepakov, L.N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Education

description: The purpose of the study - the optimization of system performance sport for all and the establishment of effective organizational relationships between the various entities at the municipal level. Conducted a survey of the ordinary citizens of working age (610 persons), 100 specialists, 2 expert groups (15 and 18 respectively). The factors influencing the process of attracting people to the motor activity: individual, social, economic, infrastructure. Classified factors comprehensively assessed the extent and consequences of the influence of each process on the system at the level of local communities. A set of actions to minimize the impact of constraints and maximizing the manifestations of factors conducive to attracting people to regular physical training and sports. The basic directions of activity: access of the general public to low cost sports facilities, tools, equipment, creation of environmentally safe and comfortable environment for practicing physical activity, overcoming the deficit of public awareness of the organization of motor activity.