cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phonon Hall effect in ionic crystals in the presence of static magnetic field
Creators: name: Agarwalla, Bijay K.
name: Zhang, Lifa
name: Wang, Jian-Sheng
name: Li, Baowen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study phonon Hall effect (PHE) for ionic crystals in the presence of static magnetic field. Using Green-Kubo formula, we present an exact calculation of thermal conductivity tensor by considering both positive and negative frequency phonons. Numerical results are shown for some lattices such as hexagonal lattices, triangular lattices, and square lattices. We find that the PHE occurs on the nonmagnetic ionic crystal NaCl, although the magnitude is very small which is due to the tiny charge-to-mass ratio of the ions. The off-diagonal thermal conductivity is finite for nonzero magnetic field and changes sign for high value of magnetic field at high temperature. We also found that the off-diagonal thermal conductivity diverges as $\pm{1/T}$ at low temperature.
Nonapproximability Results for Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes
Creators: name: Goldsmith, J.
name: Lusena, C.
name: Mundhenk, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that for several variations of partially observable Markov decision processes, polynomial-time algorithms for finding control policies are unlikely to or simply don't have guarantees of finding policies within a constant factor or a constant summand of optimal. Here "unlikely" means "unless some complexity classes collapse," where the collapses considered are P=NP, P=PSPACE, or P=EXP. Until or unless these collapses are shown to hold, any control-policy designer must choose between such performance guarantees and efficient computation.
Nano-structure of coated voids in Al-(Cu-)Sn alloys
Creators: name: Tan, Xiaofen
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 340202
subject: Crystallography
classificationCode: 401607
subject: Metals and alloy materials

description: Voids are fundamental defects in materials. They are generally seen as detrimental to materials properties but have recently been found to have promising applications in optoelectronics and plasmonics. Voids in aluminium are of particular research significance, not only because aluminium is one of the most used metals but also because it is particularly prone to void formation. This thesis focuses on nanoscale voids in aluminium alloys. Their evolution has been explored under a range of heat treatments. Their sizes, morphologies and surface structure have also been characterised. The formation of intriguing tubular-shaped voids has been explained and these voids have allowed a new depth gauging method using electron diffraction to be developed.
Additional file 1 of Plasma fibulin-1 levels during pregnancy and delivery: a longitudinal observational study
Creators: name: Orvik, Astrid Bakke
name: Andersen, Malene Rohr
name: Pedersen, Lise
name: Ritz, Christian
name: Stender, Steen
name: Szecsi, Pal Bela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Local and Global Radiative Feedback from Population III Star Formation
Creators: name: O'Shea, Brian W.
name: Whalen, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an overview of recent work that focuses on understanding the radiative feedback processes that are potentially important during Population III star formation. Specifically, we examine the effect of the Lyman-Werner (photodissociating) background on the early stages of primordial star formation, which serves to delay the onset of star formation in a given halo but never suppresses it entirely. We also examine the effect that both photodissociating and ionizing radiation in I-fronts from nearby stellar systems have on the formation of primordial protostellar clouds. Depending on the strength of the incoming radiation field and the central density of the halos, Pop III star formation can be suppressed, unaffected, or even enhanced. Understanding these and other effects is crucial to modeling Population III star formation and to building the earliest generations of galaxies in the Universe.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, proceedings of 'The First Stars and Galaxies: Challenges for the Next Decade", Austin, TX, March 8-11, 2010
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Twin-Dislocation Interactions in Magnesium
Creators: name: YUE, YUAN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460207
subject: Modelling and simulation

description: Deformation twinning and dislocation slip are the most important mechanisms in determining the plastic deformation behaviour of Mg. In this project, the interactions between two types of twins, including (10-12) extension and (10-11) contraction twins, and three types of dislocations, including < a >, < c > and < c+a > type dislocations, are studied using molecular dynamics simulation. The focus of this work is to establish the formation condition for different types of interaction products, the characters of the products, the subsequent interaction between the migrating twin boundary and the resultant lattice defect structure in the twin crystal.
Additional file 2 of Plasma fibulin-1 levels during pregnancy and delivery: a longitudinal observational study
Creators: name: Orvik, Astrid Bakke
name: Andersen, Malene Rohr
name: Pedersen, Lise
name: Ritz, Christian
name: Stender, Steen
name: Szecsi, Pal Bela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Efficient seismic imaging with spectral projector and joint sparsity
Creators: name: Miao, Lina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: In this thesis, we investigate the potential of improving the efficiency of seismic imaging with two advanced techniques: the spectral projector and the “joint sparsity”. The spectral projector offers an eigenvalue decomposition free computation routine that can filter out unstable evanescent wave components during wave equation based depth extrapolation. “Joint sparsity” aims to improve on the pure sparsity promoting recovery by making use of additional structure information of the signal. Besides, a new sparsity optimization algorithm — PQNl1 — is proposed to improve both theoretical convergence rate and practical performance for extremely large seismic imaging problems.
Adding linear orders
Creators: name: Shelah, Saharon
name: Simon, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C99

description: We address the following question: Can we expand an NIP theory by adding a linear order such that the expansion is still NIP? Easily, if acl(A)=A for all A, then this is true. Otherwise, we give counterexamples. More precisely, there is a totally categorical theory for which every expansion by a linear order has IP. There is also an ω-stable NDOP theory for which every expansion by a linear order interprets bounded arithmetic.
Additional file 1 of The prevalence and density of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections among children and adults in three communities of western Kenya
Creators: name: Salgado, Christina
name: Ayodo, George
name: Macklin, Michael D.
name: Gould, Meetha P.
name: Nallandhighal, Srinivas
name: Odhiambo, Eliud O.
name: Obala, Andrew
name: O’Meara, Wendy Prudhomme
name: John, Chandy C.
name: Tran, Tuan M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Supplementary tables and figures.
On Reasonable and Forced Goal Orderings and their Use in an Agenda-Driven Planning Algorithm
Creators: name: Hoffmann, J.
name: Koehler, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paper addresses the problem of computing goal orderings, which is one of the longstanding issues in AI planning. It makes two new contributions. First, it formally defines and discusses two different goal orderings, which are called the reasonable and the forced ordering. Both orderings are defined for simple STRIPS operators as well as for more complex ADL operators supporting negation and conditional effects. The complexity of these orderings is investigated and their practical relevance is discussed. Secondly, two different methods to compute reasonable goal orderings are developed. One of them is based on planning graphs, while the other investigates the set of actions directly. Finally, it is shown how the ordering relations, which have been derived for a given set of goals G, can be used to compute a so-called goal agenda that divides G into an ordered set of subgoals. Any planner can then, in principle, use the goal agenda to plan for increasing sets of subgoals. This can lead to an exponential complexity reduction, as the solution to a complex planning problem is found by solving easier subproblems. Since only a polynomial overhead is caused by the goal agenda computation, a potential exists to dramatically speed up planning algorithms as we demonstrate in the empirical evaluation, where we use this method in the IPP planner.
Entropy density of spacetime and the Navier-Stokes fluid dynamics of null surfaces
Creators: name: Padmanabhan, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been known for several decades that Einstein's field equations, when projected onto a null surface, exhibits a structure very similar to non-relativistic Navier-Stokes equation. I show that this result arises quite naturally when gravitational dynamics is viewed as an emergent phenomenon. Extremising the spacetime entropy density associated with the null surfaces leads to a set of equations which, when viewed in the local inertial frame, becomes identical to the Navier-Stokes (NS) equation. This is in contrast with the usual description of Damour-Navier-Stokes (DNS) equation in a general coordinate system, in which there appears a Lie derivative rather than convective derivative. I discuss this difference, its importance and why it is more appropriate to view the equation in a local inertial frame. The viscous force on fluid, arising from the gradient of the viscous stress-tensor, involves the second derivatives of the metric and does not vanish in the local inertial frame while the viscous stress-tensor itself vanishes so that inertial observers detect no dissipation. We thus provide an entropy extremisation principle that leads to the DNS equation, which makes the hydrodynamical analogy with gravity completely natural and obvious. Several implications of these results are discussed.
description: 23 pages; no figures
Asimovian Adaptive Agents
Creators: name: Gordon, D. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The goal of this research is to develop agents that are adaptive and predictable and timely. At first blush, these three requirements seem contradictory. For example, adaptation risks introducing undesirable side effects, thereby making agents' behavior less predictable. Furthermore, although formal verification can assist in ensuring behavioral predictability, it is known to be time-consuming. Our solution to the challenge of satisfying all three requirements is the following. Agents have finite-state automaton plans, which are adapted online via evolutionary learning (perturbation) operators. To ensure that critical behavioral constraints are always satisfied, agents' plans are first formally verified. They are then reverified after every adaptation. If reverification concludes that constraints are violated, the plans are repaired. The main objective of this paper is to improve the efficiency of reverification after learning, so that agents have a sufficiently rapid response time. We present two solutions: positive results that certain learning operators are a priori guaranteed to preserve useful classes of behavioral assurance constraints (which implies that no reverification is needed for these operators), and efficient incremental reverification algorithms for those learning operators that have negative a priori results.
Atmospheric mass loss by stellar wind from planets around main sequence M stars
Creators: name: Zendejas, Jesus
name: Segura, Antigona
name: Raga, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytic model for the interaction between planetary atmospheres and stellar winds from main sequence M stars, with the purpose of obtaining a quick test-model that estimates the timescale for total atmospheric mass loss due to this interaction. Planets in the habitable zone of M dwarfs may be tidally locked and may have weak magnetic fields, because of this we consider the extreme case of planets with no magnetic field. The model gives the planetary atmosphere mass loss rate as a function of the stellar wind and planetary properties (mass, atmospheric pressure and orbital distance) and an entrainment efficiency coefficient $α$. We use a mixing layer model to explore two different cases: a time-independent stellar mass loss and a stellar mass loss rate that decreases with time. For both cases we consider planetary masses within the range of $1\to10$ M$_{\oplus}$ and atmospheric pressures with values of 1, 5 and 10 atm. For the time dependent case, planets without magnetic field in the habitable zone of M dwarfs with initial stellar mass losses of $\leq \dot{M}_{w} < 10^{-11}$ M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$, may retain their atmospheres for at least 1 Gyr. This case may be applied to early spectral type M dwarfs (earlier than M5). Studies have shown that late type M dwarfs (later than M5) may be active for long periods of time ($\geq 4$Gyr), and because of that our model with constant stellar mass loss rate may be more accurate. For these stars most planets may have lost their atmospheres in 1 Gyr or less because most of the late type M dwarfs are expected to be active. We emphasize that our model only considers planets without magnetic fields. Clearly we must expect a higher resistance to atmospheric erosion if we include the presence of a magnetic field.
description: Icarus, submitted. 18 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Post-traumatic stress disorder among persons with HIV who engage in heavy alcohol consumption in southwestern Uganda
Creators: name: Kekibiina, Allen
name: Adong, Julian
name: Fatch, Robin
name: Emenyonu, Nneka I.
name: Marson, Kara
name: Beesiga, Brian
name: Lodi, Sara
name: Muyindike, Winnie R.
name: Kamya, Moses
name: Chamie, Gabriel
name: McDonell, Michael G.
name: Hahn, Judith A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Kauffman brackets, character varieties, and triangulations of surfaces
Creators: name: Bonahon, Francis
name: Wong, Helen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A Kauffman bracket on a surface is an invariant for framed links in the thickened surface, satisfying the Kauffman skein relation and multiplicative under superposition. This includes representations of the skein algebra of the surface. We show how an irreducible representation of the skein algebra usually specifies a point of the character variety of homomorphisms from the fundamental group of the surface to PSL_2(C), as well as certain weights associated to the punctures of the surface. Conversely, we sketch a proof of the fact that each point of the character variety, endowed with appropriate puncture weights, uniquely determines a Kauffman bracket. Details will appear elsewhere.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
A Model of Inductive Bias Learning
Creators: name: Baxter, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A major problem in machine learning is that of inductive bias: how to choose a learner's hypothesis space so that it is large enough to contain a solution to the problem being learnt, yet small enough to ensure reliable generalization from reasonably-sized training sets. Typically such bias is supplied by hand through the skill and insights of experts. In this paper a model for automatically learning bias is investigated. The central assumption of the model is that the learner is embedded within an environment of related learning tasks. Within such an environment the learner can sample from multiple tasks, and hence it can search for a hypothesis space that contains good solutions to many of the problems in the environment. Under certain restrictions on the set of all hypothesis spaces available to the learner, we show that a hypothesis space that performs well on a sufficiently large number of training tasks will also perform well when learning novel tasks in the same environment. Explicit bounds are also derived demonstrating that learning multiple tasks within an environment of related tasks can potentially give much better generalization than learning a single task.
Additional file 1 of Low physical activity is associated with impaired endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes and controls after 5 years of follow-up
Creators: name: Baier, Jonathan Mathias
name: Funck, Kristian Løkke
name: Vernstrøm, Liv
name: Laugesen, Esben
name: Poulsen, Per Løgstrup
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Baseline characteristics of participants with type 2 diabetes that attended follow-up (group I) vs. patients with type 2 diabetes that did not attend follow-up or had missing data (group II). Supplemental Table 2. Baseline characteristics of control subjects that attended follow-up (group I) vs. control subjects that did not attend follow-up or had missing data (group II).
Getting the Jump on Healthy Bones: The Skeletal Effects of Impact Physical Activity Across the Lifespan
Creators: name: NG, CARRIE ANNE TIAN TING
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 320210
subject: Geriatrics and gerontology
classificationCode: 321301
subject: Adolescent health
classificationCode: 420799
subject: Sports science and exercise not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 320225
subject: Sports medicine

description: Physical activity is important for bone health, but the most important aspect may be the ground impacts that occur during running and jumping. This thesis examines the relationship between impact physical activity and bone health throughout life. A new method of measuring ground impacts from physical activity is investigated, which can further clarify relationships of activity and bone health. This thesis also shows that impact exercise programs affect bone structure and bone strength differently across the lifespan. Additionally, a home-based impact exercise program is established to be practical, safe and potentially beneficial in women who are at risk of fractures.
Help or do no harm : medical imagery in Sophocles' Oedipus Tyrannus and Oedipus at Colonus
Creators: name: Cruz Akirov, Alexandra
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: There is a vast amount of scholarly work devoted to Oedipus Tyrannus and Oedipus at Colonus. However, the number of studies relating these plays to Hippocratic medical thought is small and, in the case of OC, almost non-existent. Bernard Knox’s study Oedipus at Thebes (1957) constitutes the most direct approach to medical thought in OT. He describes how Oedipus shifts between being a physician, a patient, and ultimately, a disease at different stages of the play (1957: 139-147). Knox supports these role shifts by comparing some of the vocabulary of selected passages in the tragedy with their occurrence in the medical writings of the Hippocratic Corpus. The approach I propose in this study is to account for these role shifts from the standpoint of the doctor-patient relationship as described in different writings of the Hippocratic Corpus. I will focus on how the elements of the doctor-patient relationship (i.e., disease, patient, and physician) are represented and the reconfigurations they undergo in the plays. In the first chapter, I will examine how the doctor-patient relationship was viewed among the authors of the medical writings. In addition, I will examine Sophocles’ involvement in the cult of Asclepius in order to determine how this aspect of his life might have influenced his work. In the second chapter I will analyze how the doctor-patient relationship fluctuates in OT. I will use as reference the set of guidelines established in the first chapter regarding the notion of the doctor-patient relationship. In the third chapter, I will suggest that OC provides two complementary approaches to account for the doctor-patient relationship: the Hippocratic model and a new metaphor in which Oedipus stands for a healing god. The medical imagery of the doctor-patient relationship found in OT and OC indicates that Sophocles was well aware of the medical practices of his time. Furthermore, I will suggest that his involvement in the cult of Asclepius is reflected in the metaphor of Oedipus as a healing god at the end of OC.
Evolution of Magnetic Field Twist and Tilt in Active Region NOAA 10930
Creators: name: Ravindra, B.
name: Venkatakrishnan, P.
name: Tiwari, Sanjiv Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic twist of the active region has been measured over a decade using photospheric vector field data, chromospheric H_alpha data, and coronal loop data. The twist and tilt of the active regions have been measured at the photospheric level with the vector magnetic field measurements. The active region NOAA 10930 is a highly twisted emerging region. The same active region produced several flares and has been extensively observed by Hinode. In this paper, we will show the evolution of twist and tilt in this active region leading up to the two X-class flares. We find that the twist initially increases with time for a few days with a simultaneous decrease in the tilt until before the X3.4 class flare on December 13, 2006. The total twist acquired by the active region is larger than one complete winding before the X3.4 class flare and it decreases in later part of observations. The injected helicity into the corona is negative and it is in excess of 10^43 Mx^2 before the flares.
description: 12 pages, 5 Figures, Accepted in Advances in Geosciences (Solar-Terrestrial Sciences)
The effects of biochar application on carbon dioxide and methane soil surface fluxes
Creators: name: Webster, Cameron
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Soils contain the largest terrestrial organic carbon (C) stock, representing two-thirds or more of terrestrial C. Soils can act as a source or sink for carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄). One common technique for studying soil surface effluxes of CO₂ (FCO₂) and of CH₄ (FCH₄) is the soil chamber. This involves placing an enclosure over the soil surface and measuring the change in headspace concentration of the gas of interest over time. Due to the air-filled pore spaces within the near-surface soil, and adsorption of gases of interest onto chamber walls, the effective volume (Veff) of the chamber which contributes to FCO₂ and FCH₄ measurements is generally higher than the geometric volume (Vg) of the chamber. It is necessary that Veff be known in order to estimate fluxes accurately. This study coupled a flow-through non-steady-state automated chamber system to a laser-based cavity ring-down spectrometer (CRDS) to estimate Veff of the chamber system using separate standard additions of CO₂ and CH₄ calibration gases. The system was then mounted onto soil cylinders which had been filled with a forest soil from Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. There has been recent interest in the ability of biochar to provide multiple environmental benefits upon application to soil, including the long-term sequestration of C. There are conflicting studies as to the effect of biochar on FCO₂ and FCH₄ and overall greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. After making background measurements of FCO₂ and FCH₄ in soil columns, biochar was applied to one of the columns and the resulting FCO₂ and FCH₄ were measured. The results from this study showed that the coupling of the CRDS to the automated chamber system proved to be successful. The estimated Veff during CO₂ and CH₄ calibration gas injections agreed with past studies as the Veff was 5 to 10% larger than the geometric volume of the chamber. Following biochar application, the amended soil produced 36.9% more CO₂ and consumed 20.4% less CH₄ than the control over the four month experiment. The results showed that soil water content was an important factor in controlling FCO₂ and FCH₄ following biochar amendment.
Bifidobacterium inhibits fluoride-induced pyroptosis by down-regulating IL-17A in mouse testis
Creators: name: cheng, Ao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 309999
subject: Other agricultural, veterinary and food sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Metadata for all samples used in this study have been deposited in Figshare.
Bifidobacterium inhibits fluoride-induced pyroptosis by down-regulating IL-17A in mouse testis
Creators: name: wu, yue
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 309999
subject: Other agricultural, veterinary and food sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Metadata for all samples used in this study have been deposited in Figshare.
Additional file 1 of Efficacy of bedaquiline in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Wang, Ming-Gui
name: Wu, Shou-Quan
name: He, Jian-Qing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Search strategy. Table S2. The Jadad scale of randomized controlled trials. Table S3. The Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale of cohort studies.
Engineering techniques to improve Prehospital Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (pECPR)
Creators: name: WANIGASEKARA, THARUSHI DEVINDI
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400303
subject: Biomechanical engineering
classificationCode: 400399
subject: Biomedical engineering not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 320101
subject: Cardiology (incl. cardiovascular diseases)

description: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is common, but survival rates remain below 10%. Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (ECPR) is an advanced life-saving technology that can improve blood flow and sustain patients until further treatment. However, initiating prehospital ECPR is time, skill, and resource-intensive. This thesis develops and tests a novel rapid dilation technique and ECPR kit to address clinical limitations, potentially leading to wider adoption of ECPR and improved patient outcomes.
Additional file 1 of Detecting signs of deterioration in young patients with serious mental illness: a systematic review
Creators: name: Dewa, Lindsay H.
name: Kalniunas, Arturas
name: Orleans-Foli, Stephen
name: Pappa, Sofia
name: Aylin, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1:. Supplementary file 1. PRISMA 2009 checklist.
The Effect of a Strong Stellar Flare on the Atmospheric Chemistry of an Earth-like Planet Orbiting an M dwarf
Creators: name: Segura, Antígona
name: Walkowicz, Lucianne
name: Meadows, Victoria
name: Kasting, James
name: Hawley, Suzanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Main sequence M stars pose an interesting problem for astrobiology: their abundance in our galaxy makes them likely targets in the hunt for habitable planets, but their strong chromospheric activity produces high energy radiation and charged particles that may be detrimental to life. We studied the impact of the 1985 April 12 flare from the M dwarf, AD Leonis (AD Leo), simulating the effects from both UV radiation and protons on the atmospheric chemistry of a hypothetical, Earth-like planet located within its habitable zone. Based on observations of solar proton events and the Neupert effect we estimated a proton flux associated with the flare of $5.9\times 10^{8}$ protons cm$^{-2}$ sr$^{-1}$ s$^{-1}$ for particles with energies >10 MeV. Then we calculated the abundance of nitrogen oxides produced by the flare by scaling the production of these compounds during a large solar proton event called the "Carrington event". The simulations were performed using a 1-D photochemical model coupled to a 1-D radiative/convective model. Our results indicate that the ultraviolet radiation emitted during the flare does not produce a significant change in the ozone column depth of the planet. When the action of protons is included, the ozone depletion reached a maximum of 94% two years after the flare for a planet with no magnetic field. At the peak of the flare, the calculated UV fluxes that reach the surface, in the wavelength ranges that are damaging for life, exceed those received on Earth during less than 100 s. Flares may therefore not present a direct hazard for life on the surface of an orbiting habitable planet. Given that AD Leo is one of the most magnetically-active M dwarfs known, this conclusion should apply to planets around other M dwarfs with lower levels of chromospheric activity.
description: Astrobiology, accepted. 27 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables
Lowest Weight Representations of Super Schrodinger Algebras in One Dimensional Space
Creators: name: Aizawa, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lowest weight modules, in particular, Verma modules over the N = 1,2 super Schrodinger algebras in (1+1) dimensional spacetime are investigated. The reducibility of the Verma modules is analyzed via explicitly constructed singular vectors. The classification of the irreducible lowest weight modules is given for both massive and massless representations. A vector field realization of the N = 1, 2 super Schrodinger algebras is also presented.
description: 19 pages, no figure
Ankle Plantar Flexor Impairments and Load Monitoring in People with Achilles Tendinopathy
Creators: name: OSKOUEI, SANAM TAVAKKOLI
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420701
subject: Biomechanics
classificationCode: 420106
subject: Physiotherapy
classificationCode: 320225
subject: Sports medicine

description: Achilles tendinopathy is an overuse injury and is prevalent within the running population. Achilles tendinopathy occurs when normal physical activities exceed the tendon’s capacity to tolerate the load. The key to managing Achilles tendinopathy is finding the optimal loading zone and gradually building the tendon’s capacity. However, people with Achilles tendinopathy encounter pain that may lead to different coping strategies and load mismanagement. A wearable movement sensor has been used in the research undertaken in this thesis to monitor daily load management in people with Achilles tendinopathy over the course of physiotherapy treatment. The research findings provide insight into factors that may influence rehabilitation outcomes.
Mean Field Methods for a Special Class of Belief Networks
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, C.
name: Keerthi, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The chief aim of this paper is to propose mean-field approximations for a broad class of Belief networks, of which sigmoid and noisy-or networks can be seen as special cases. The approximations are based on a powerful mean-field theory suggested by Plefka. We show that Saul, Jaakkola and Jordan' s approach is the first order approximation in Plefka's approach, via a variational derivation. The application of Plefka's theory to belief networks is not computationally tractable. To tackle this problem we propose new approximations based on Taylor series. Small scale experiments show that the proposed schemes are attractive.
Additional file 2 of Detecting signs of deterioration in young patients with serious mental illness: a systematic review
Creators: name: Dewa, Lindsay H.
name: Kalniunas, Arturas
name: Orleans-Foli, Stephen
name: Pappa, Sofia
name: Aylin, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2:. Supplementary file 2. Example of search strategy used in MEDLINE.
Eye-tracking as a source of information for automatically predicting user learning with MetaTutor, an intelligent tutoring system to support self-regulated learning
Creators: name: Bondareva, Daria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Student modeling has been gaining interest among researchers recently. A lot of work has been done on exploring value of interface actions on predicting learning. The focus of this thesis is on using eye-tracking data and action logs for building classifies to infer a student’s learning performance during interaction with MetaTutor, an Intelligent Tutoring System( ITS) that scaffolds self-regulated learning (SRL). Research has shown that eye tracking can be a valuable source for predicting learning for certain learning environments. In this thesis we extend these results by showing that modeling based on eye-tracking data is a valuable approach to predicting learning for another type of ITS, a hypermedia learning environment. We use data from 50 students (collected by a research team at McGill University, which also designed MetaTutor) to compare the performance of actions and eye-tracking data (1) after a complete interaction, and (2) during interaction when different amounts of gaze and action data are available. We built several classifiers using common machine learning algorithms and techniques, with feature sets that are based on (1) eye-tracking data only, (2) actions data only and (3) eye-tracking and actions data combined. The results we found show that eye-tracking data brings important information in predicting student’s performance for an ITS supporting SRL in both overall and over time analysis. The features used for training classifiers suggest that usage of SRL tools available in MetaTutor can be a good predictor of learning.
On the Compilability and Expressive Power of Propositional Planning Formalisms
Creators: name: Nebel, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The recent approaches of extending the GRAPHPLAN algorithm to handle more expressive planning formalisms raise the question of what the formal meaning of "expressive power" is. We formalize the intuition that expressive power is a measure of how concisely planning domains and plans can be expressed in a particular formalism by introducing the notion of "compilation schemes" between planning formalisms. Using this notion, we analyze the expressiveness of a large family of propositional planning formalisms, ranging from basic STRIPS to a formalism with conditional effects, partial state specifications, and propositional formulae in the preconditions. One of the results is that conditional effects cannot be compiled away if plan size should grow only linearly but can be compiled away if we allow for polynomial growth of the resulting plans. This result confirms that the recently proposed extensions to the GRAPHPLAN algorithm concerning conditional effects are optimal with respect to the "compilability" framework. Another result is that general propositional formulae cannot be compiled into conditional effects if the plan size should be preserved linearly. This implies that allowing general propositional formulae in preconditions and effect conditions adds another level of difficulty in generating a plan.
Additional file 1 of Changes in patients’ outlook, behaviors, and attitudes toward COVID-19 after hospitalization and their experiences of discrimination and harassment
Creators: name: Goda, Ken
name: Kenzaka, Tsuneaki
name: Yahata, Shinsuke
name: Kumabe, Ayako
name: Katsurada, Masahiro
name: Nishisaki, Hogara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Questions asked to investigate the patients perceptions before hospitalization and after discharge from hospital for COVID-19.
title: What constitutes fruitful continuing ministry development for Baptist ministers in Scotland?
Creators: name: Hodson, Martin Stewart
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2024

description: This thesis presents a series of discoveries about what has contributed to the continuing development of Baptist ministers in Scotland. Previous scholarship has focused on the initial training of ministers (eg Reber and Reber 2010, Goodliff 2017) and the impact of initial ministry education on ministerial practice in the early years (eg Scharen and Campbell-Reid 2016). Denominations have produced guidance for ministers on how to pursue continuing development (eg Archbishop’s Council 2010a, Church of Scotland 2017, Methodist Church 2018) which has been the focus of some evaluative studies (eg Hamill 2010, Wilkin 2014, Clinton, 2016, Denton and Thomas 2017). This research uses narrative inquiry to listen to the way practising ministers describe what has actually been developmental for them over the years and decades of their ministries. Key themes that emerge are the desire for practical wisdom, the importance of communal learning, the impact of development dialogues and the significance of habits. In the light of these discoveries I propose a new way of defining Continuing Ministry Development and make recommendations as to how these could be reflected in the practice of denominations and networks of churches.
Additional file 1 of Testing an online measure of portion size selection: a pilot study concerned with the measurement of ideal portion size
Creators: name: Embling, Rochelle
name: Lee, Michelle D.
name: Price, Menna
name: Wilkinson, Laura L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.. Online supplementary material
Additional file 1 of The opportunities and challenges of social media in interstitial lung disease: a viewpoint
Creators: name: Grewal, Japnam S.
name: Kawano-Dourado, Leticia
name: Ryerson, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Appendix: Figure S1. Major components of a Twitter account profile. The components are marked by overlaid red text. A verified badge is given to accounts of public interest that have had their authenticity verified by Twitter.
Nonlinear conductance quantization in graphene ribbons
Creators: name: Ihnatsenka, S.
name: Kirczenow, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical studies of non-linear conduction in graphene nanoribbons when a bias potential is applied between the source and drain electrodes. We find that the conductance quantization plateaus show asymmetry between the electron and hole branches if the potential in the ribbon equals the source or drain electrode potential and strong electron (hole) scattering occurs. The scattering may be at the ends of a uniform ballistic ribbon connecting wider regions of graphene or may be due to defects in the ribbon. We argue that, in ribbons with strong defect scattering, the ribbon potential is pinned to that of the drain (source) for electron (hole) transport. In this case symmetry between electron and hole transport is restored and our calculations explain the upward shift of the conductance plateaus with increasing bias that was observed experimentally by Lin et al. [Phys. Rev. B 78, 161409 (2008)].
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
A cross-sectional survey of non-specialist Australian audio-vestibular clinical practice for traumatic brain injury and rehabilitation
Creators: name: Sarkic, Bojana
name: Douglas, Jacinta
name: Simpson, Andrea
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Abstract: Objective: This study explored non-specialist audiological clinical practice in the context of traumatic brain injury (TBI), and whether such practices incorporated considerations of TBI-related complexities pertaining to identification, diagnosis and management of associated auditory and vestibular disturbances. Design: A cross-sectional online survey exploring clinical practice, TBI-related training and information provision was distributed to audiologists across Australia via Audiology Australia and social media. Fifty audiologists, 80% female and 20% male, participated in this study. Years of professional practice ranged from new graduate to more than 20 years of experience. Results: Clear gaps of accuracy in knowledge and practice across all survey domains relating to the identification, diagnosis and management of patients with auditory and/or vestibular deficits following TBI were evident. Further, of the surveyed audiologists working in auditory and vestibular settings, 91% and 86%, respectively, reported not receiving professional development for the diagnosis and management of post-traumatic audio-vestibular deficits. Conclusion: Inadequate resources, equipment availability and TBI-related training may have contributed to the gaps in service provision, influencing audiological management of patients with TBI. A tailored TBI approach to identification, diagnosis and management of post-traumatic auditory and vestibular disturbances is needed.
Additional file 1 of Wolbachia in mosquitoes from the Central Valley of California, USA
Creators: name: Torres, Ryan
name: Hernandez, Eunis
name: Flores, Valeria
name: Ramirez, Jose Luis
name: Joyce, Andrea L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Mosquito collections in Merced county.
Universality in disordered systems: The case of the three-dimensional random-bond Ising model
Creators: name: Fytas, Nikolaos G.
name: Theodorakis, Panagiotis E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the critical behavior of the $d=3$ Ising model with bond randomness through extensive Monte Carlo simulations and finite-size scaling techniques. Our results indicate that the critical behavior of the random-bond model is governed by the same universality class as the site- and bond-diluted models, clearly distinct from that of the pure model, thus providing a complete set of universality in disordered systems.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. E as a brief report
ASAR TAHLILINI QIYOSLASH METODI ORQALI TUSHUNTIRISH
Creators: name: Shukurboyeva, Ozoda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Umumiy o'rta ta'limning malaka talablariga bilim, malaka, ko'nikma hamda kompetensiyani kiritadigan bo'lsak, Kompetensiyaning ko'nikma va malakadan asosiy farqi shundan iboratki, ko'nikmada o'rganilgan bilimni tanish vaziyatlarda qo'llay olish bo'lsa, malaka o'rganilgan bilim hamda ko'nikmalarni notanish holatda qo'llay olish qobiliyatini angladi. Kompetensiya esa bu ikki tushunchadan ham ustunlikka ega bo'lib, u egallangan bilim, malaka, ko'nikmalarni kundalik hayotda ham qo'llay olish qobiliyatidir.
Drawing Graphs in the Plane with a Prescribed Outer Face and Polynomial Area
Creators: name: Chambers, Erin W.
name: Eppstein, David
name: Goodrich, Michael T.
name: Löffler, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2

description: We study the classic graph drawing problem of drawing a planar graph using straight-line edges with a prescribed convex polygon as the outer face. Unlike previous algorithms for this problem, which may produce drawings with exponential area, our method produces drawings with polynomial area. In addition, we allow for collinear points on the boundary, provided such vertices do not create overlapping edges. Thus, we solve an open problem of Duncan et al., which, when combined with their work, implies that we can produce a planar straight-line drawing of a combinatorially-embedded genus-g graph with the graph's canonical polygonal schema drawn as a convex polygonal external face.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures. This is an extended version of a paper to appear in Proc. 18th Int. Symp. Graph Drawing, 2010