cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An analysis of agricultural trade policy reforms and their impact on the EU, China and New Zealand
Creators: name: Saunders, Caroline M.
name: Wreford, Anita
name: Rasin, Shanika
name: Saunders, Caroline M.
name: Wreford, Anita
name: Rasin, Shanika
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: Trade policy reform
subject: agriculture
subject: trade modelling

description: As a consequence of global changes to trade policy, there are likely to be significant impacts on international agricultural trade. Clearly producers in the European Union (EU) will experience considerable changes to the structure of their industry, and for a country such as New Zealand, heavily dependent on agricultural exports, changes to policy and markets have the potential to significantly affect the economy. The potential competition from China in terms of agricultural commodities as well as its potential as an export destination for NZ are also important considerations. This paper presents an analysis of the impact of both World Trade Organisation (WTO) and Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reform in the agricultural sectors of the EU, New Zealand, and China. The analysis covers the livestock sectors of these countries. The model used for this analysis is the LTEM (Lincoln Trade and Environment Model).
L’IMPACT DU CAPITAL HUMAIN SUR LA PRODUCTIVITE AGRICOLE AU BURKINA FASO
Creators: name: Theophile, Kabore
name: Theophile, Kabore
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: capital humain
subject: rendements
subject: productivité
subject: parcelle
subject: matching
subject: human capital
subject: productivity
subject: farm

description: Le but ultime de ce travail a été de mesurer l’impact du capital humain estimé par la formation et l’éducation sur la productivité agricole au Burkina Faso en utilisant les données de l’enquête permanente agricole 2007- 2008. La technique du matching utilisé habituellement pour évaluer l’impact de politique sur une population donnée a été utilisée comme méthode d’estimation de cet impact. Cela a consisté pour nous à comparer par cette approche la productivité agricole des responsables de parcelles ayant un capital humain de ceux n’en possédant pas. Globalement, le capital humain accroît en moyenne la productivité agricole des cultures comme le mil, l’arachide et le coton mais pas pour les cultures comme le sorgho blanc, le maïs et le riz. Cela est expliqué seulement dans une moindre mesure par le caractère extensif de l’agriculture burkinabé.=========================The ultimate goal of this paper has been to measure the impact of human capital on agricultural productivity in Burkina Faso. The data used was drawn from the national annual survey of agriculture (2007-2008). The method of estimation was the Propensity Score Matching usually used to estimate the impact of social or economic policies on target groups. By the matching method, we compared two groups of farmers: those having human capital and those not having human capital. In average, human capital increases agricultural productivity of cultures such as millet, peanuts and cotton, but does not increase the productivity of cultures such as rice, maize and white sorghum. That is partly due to the traditional way of agriculture in Burkina Faso.
description: Contributed Paper presented at the International Conference on Agriculture Of Ouagadougou (BURKINA FASO), December 4-6, 2010.
Approximate Gradient Coding with Optimal Decoding
Creators: name: Glasgow, Margalit
name: Wootters, Mary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In distributed optimization problems, a technique called gradient coding, which involves replicating data points, has been used to mitigate the effect of straggling machines. Recent work has studied approximate gradient coding, which concerns coding schemes where the replication factor of the data is too low to recover the full gradient exactly. Our work is motivated by the challenge of creating approximate gradient coding schemes that simultaneously work well in both the adversarial and stochastic models. To that end, we introduce novel approximate gradient codes based on expander graphs, in which each machine receives exactly two blocks of data points. We analyze the decoding error both in the random and adversarial straggler setting, when optimal decoding coefficients are used. We show that in the random setting, our schemes achieve an error to the gradient that decays exponentially in the replication factor. In the adversarial setting, the error is nearly a factor of two smaller than any existing code with similar performance in the random setting. We show convergence bounds both in the random and adversarial setting for gradient descent under standard assumptions using our codes. In the random setting, our convergence rate improves upon block-box bounds. In the adversarial setting, we show that gradient descent can converge down to a noise floor that scales linearly with the adversarial error to the gradient. We demonstrate empirically that our schemes achieve near-optimal error in the random setting and converge faster than algorithms which do not use the optimal decoding coefficients.
Constraints on a cubic Galileon disformally coupled to Standard Model matter
Creators: name: Lawrence, Michaela G.
name: Seery, David
name: Byrnes, Christian T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a disformal coupling between Standard Model matter and a cubic Galileon scalar sector, assumed to be a relict of some other physics that solves the cosmological constant problem rather than a solution in its own right. This allows the energy density carried by the Galileon scalar to be sufficiently small that it evades stringent constraints from the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect, which otherwise rules out the cubic Galileon theory. Although the model with disformal coupling does not exhibit screening, we show there is a `screening-like' phenomenon in which the energy density carried by the Galileon scalar is suppressed during matter domination when the quadratic and cubic Galileon operators are both relevant and the quadratic sector has a stable kinetic term. We obtain the explicit 3+1 form of Maxwell's equations in the presence of the disformal coupling, and the wave equations that govern electromagnetic waves. The disformal coupling is known to generate a small mass that modifies their velocity of propagation. We use the WKB approximation to study electromagnetic waves in this theory and show that, despite remarkable recent constraints from the LIGO/Virgo observatories that restrict the difference in propagation velocity between electromagnetic and gravitational radiation to roughly 1 part in $10^{15}$, the disformal coupling is too weak to be constrained by events such as GW170817 or by the dispersion of electromagnetic radiation at different wavelengths.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure. v2: Stability analysis added. This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article published in JCAP. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The Version of Record is available online at 10.1088/1475-7516/2021/10/085
On the Absorption and Emission Properties of Interstellar Grains
Creators: name: Li, Aigen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our current understanding of the absorption and emission properties of interstellar grains are reviewed. The constraints placed by the Kramers-Kronig relation on the wavelength-dependence and the maximum allowable quantity of the dust absorption are discussed. Comparisons of the opacities (mass absorption coefficients) derived from interstellar dust models with those directly estimated from observations are presented.
description: invited talk for "The Spectral Energy Distribution of Gas-Rich Galaxies: Confronting Models with Data" (Heidelberg, Germany; 4--8 October 2004), edited by C.C. Popescu & R.J. Tuffs, AIP Conf. Ser., in press; (11 pages, no figures, no tables)
Additional file 1 of Early sepsis markers in patients admitted to intensive care unit with moderate-to-severe diabetic ketoacidosis
Creators: name: Blanchard, Florian
name: Charbit, Judith
name: Meersch, Guillaume Van Der
name: Popoff, Benjamin
name: Picod, Adrien
name: Cohen, Regis
name: Chemouni, Frank
name: Stephane Gaudry
name: Bihan, Helene
name: Cohen, Yves
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Sepsis markers in episodes with proven bacterial infection at admission and day 2 (Univariate analysis). Table S2. Sepsis markers in episodes without proven bacterial infection at admission and day 2 (Univariate analysis). Figure S1. Receiver operating characteristics curve of procalcitonin at day 2. Figure S2. Receiver operating characteristics curve of whole blood count and temperature on day 2.
Enhancement of Coherent Response by Quenched Disorder
Creators: name: Hong, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of quenched disorder on the coherent response in a driven system of coupled oscillators. In particular, the interplay between quenched noise and periodic driving is explored, with particular attention to the possibility of resonance. The phase velocity is examined as the response of the system; revealed is the enhancement of the fraction of oscillators locked to the periodic driving, displaying resonance behavior. It is thus concluded that resonance behavior may also be induced by quenched disorder which does not have time-dependent correlations.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. E
Additional file 1 of Transcriptional and free radical responses to LVAD therapy
Creators: name: Kajari Dhar
name: Asmini KC
name: Qiu, Fang
name: Basma, Hesham
name: Krupa K. Savalia
name: Jones, Jocelyn
name: Moulton, Alexandra M.
name: Zimmerman, Matthew C.
name: Um, John
name: Anderson, Daniel
name: Hyden, Marshall
name: Lowes, Brian D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Performance degradation of a transmit diversity scheme due to correlated fading
Creators: name: Zheng, Tao
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The error performance of the Alamouti simple transmit diversity (STD) scheme in the presence of time-selectivity and channel estimation errors has been previously studied. In this thesis, results are obtained for two other scenarios: (1) non time-selective, spatially correlated Rayleigh fading with imperfect channel estimation and (2) time-selective, spatially correlated Rayleigh fading with perfect channel estimation. Exact expressions for the conditional bit error rates given the estimated channel gains are derived and approximations for average bit error rates over correlated Rayleigh fading are obtained using matrix transformations. It is found that STD performance generally degrades with increase in channel estimation errors, decrease in temporal correlation and increase in spatial correlation. The degradation is greatest with channel estimation errors, then time-selectivity and thirdly with spatial correlation.
Anomalous quantum mass flow of atoms in p-wave resonance
Creators: name: Liu, W. Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I analyze an atomic Fermi gas with a planar p-wave interaction, motivated by the experimentally observed anisotropy in p-wave Feshbach resonances. An axial superfluid state is verified. A domain wall object is discovered to be a new topological defect of this superfluid and an explicit solution has been found. Gapless quasiparticles appear as bound states on the wall, dispersing in the space of reduced dimensions. Surprisingly, they are chiral, deeply related to fermion zero modes and anomalies in quantum chromodynamics. The chirality of the superfluid is manifested by a persistent anomalous mass current of atoms in the groundstate. This spectacular quantum phenomenon is a prediction for future experiments.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures; added references and discussion about He-3 (v.2)
Measurement-based assessment of space diversity for indoor fixed wireless channels
Creators: name: Wang, Chengyu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: We have employed a measurement-based approach to investigate the effectiveness of space diversity in indoor fixed wireless environments where body shadowing (blockage of the line-of-sight between the transmitter and receiver by the movement of people) is a significant impairment. In order to assist those planning measurement campaigns in indoor fixed wireless environments, we present simulation results that give the sample duration required to accurately estimate path gain and Rician K-factor given the parameters of the Doppler spectrum (type and cut-off) and the sample rate. Next, we present measurement results that show the received signal envelope generally follows the Rician distribution when people move between the transmitter and receiver. We also reveal details of the manner in which body shadowing affects the shape of the Doppler spectrum observed in indoor fixed environments. In particular, we show that body movement can give rise to small sidebands in the Doppler spectrum. Finally, we compare theoretical predictions of spatial correlation as a function of antenna spacing to the measurement results and found reasonable agreement. The results give us confidence that our measurement system is suitable for use in more ambitious measurement campaigns in the future. Finally, we show how measurement-based models could be used in dynamic simulations of space diversity channels in indoor fixed wireless environments.
Behavioural pattern discovery from collections of egocentric photo-streams
Creators: name: Menchon, Martin
name: Talavera, Estefania
name: Massa, Jose M
name: Radeva, Petia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The automatic discovery of behaviour is of high importance when aiming to assess and improve the quality of life of people. Egocentric images offer a rich and objective description of the daily life of the camera wearer. This work proposes a new method to identify a person's patterns of behaviour from collected egocentric photo-streams. Our model characterizes time-frames based on the context (place, activities and environment objects) that define the images composition. Based on the similarity among the time-frames that describe the collected days for a user, we propose a new unsupervised greedy method to discover the behavioural pattern set based on a novel semantic clustering approach. Moreover, we present a new score metric to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. We validate our method on 104 days and more than 100k images extracted from 7 users. Results show that behavioural patterns can be discovered to characterize the routine of individuals and consequently their lifestyle.
Polygon Coherent Modes in aWeakly Perturbed Whispering Gallery Microresonator for Efficient Second Harmonic, Optomechanic and Frequency Comb Generations
Creators: name: Fang, Zhiwei
name: Haque, Sanaul
name: Saeed, Farajollahi
name: Luo, Haipeng
name: Lin, Jintian
name: Wu, Rongbo
name: Zhang, Jianhao
name: Wang, Zhe
name: Wang, Min
name: Cheng, Ya
name: Lu, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe high optical quality factor (Q) polygonal and star coherent optical modes in a lithium niobate microdisk. In contrast to the previous polygon modes achieved by deformed microcavities at lower mechanical and optical Q, we adopted weak perturbation from a tapered fiber for the polygon mode formation. The resulting high intracavity optical power of the polygon modes triggers second harmonic generation at high efficiency. With the combined advantage of high mechanical Q cavity optomechanical oscillation was observed for the first time. Finally, we observe frequency microcomb generation from the polygon modes with an ultra stable taper-on-disk coupling mechanism.
Old Galaxies in the Young Universe
Creators: name: Cimatti, A.
name: Daddi, E.
name: Renzini, A.
name: Cassata, P.
name: Vanzella, E.
name: Pozzetti, L.
name: Cristiani, S.
name: Fontana, A.
name: Rodighiero, G.
name: Mignoli, M.
name: Zamorani, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: More than half of all stars in the local Universe are found in massive spheroidal galaxies, which are characterized by old stellar populations with little or no current star formation. In present models, such galaxies appear rather late as the culmination of a hierarchical merging process, in which larger galaxies are assembled through mergers of smaller precursor galaxies. But observations have not yet established how, or even when, the massive spheroidals formed, nor if their seemingly sudden appearance when the Universe was about half its present age (at redshift z \approx 1) results from a real evolutionary effect (such as a peak of mergers) or from the observational difficulty of identifying them at earlier epochs. Here we report the spectroscopic and morphological identification of four old, fully assembled, massive (>10^{11} solar masses) spheroidal galaxies at 1.6
description: Nature, in press as a Letter, 8th July issue. 12 pages, 1 Table, 4 Figures
Supervised learning in Hamiltonian reconstruction from local measurements on eigenstates
Creators: name: Cao, Chenfeng
name: Hou, Shi-Yao
name: Cao, Ningping
name: Zeng, Bei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reconstructing a system Hamiltonian through measurements on its eigenstates is an important inverse problem in quantum physics. Recently, it was shown that generic many-body local Hamiltonians can be recovered by local measurements without knowing the values of the correlation functions. In this work, we discuss this problem in more depth for different systems and apply the supervised learning method via neural networks to solve it. For low-lying eigenstates, the inverse problem is well-posed, neural networks turn out to be efficient and scalable even with a shallow network and a small data set. For middle-lying eigenstates, the problem is ill-posed, we present a modified method based on transfer learning accordingly. Neural networks can also efficiently generate appropriate initial points for numerical optimization based on the BFGS method.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
2-Groups, trialgebras and their Hopf categories of representations
Creators: name: Pfeiffer, Hendryk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 16W30; 18C10; 18D05; 18D10; 20C15; 22C05; 46L05

description: A strict 2-group is a 2-category with one object in which all morphisms and all 2-morphisms have inverses. 2-Groups have been studied in the context of homotopy theory, higher gauge theory and Topological Quantum Field Theory (TQFT). In the present article, we develop the notions of trialgebra and cotrialgebra, generalizations of Hopf algebras with two multiplications and one comultiplication or vice versa, and the notion of Hopf categories, generalizations of monoidal categories with an additional functorial comultiplication. We show that each strict 2-group has a `group algebra' which is a cocommutative trialgebra, and that each strict finite 2-group has a `function algebra' which is a commutative cotrialgebra. Each such commutative cotrialgebra gives rise to a symmetric Hopf category of corepresentations. In the semisimple case, this Hopf category is a 2-vector space according to Kapranov and Voevodsky. We also show that strict compact topological 2-groups are characterized by their C^*-cotrialgebras of `complex-valued functions', generalizing the Gel'fand representation, and that commutative cotrialgebras are characterized by their symmetric Hopf categories of corepresentations, generalizing Tannaka--Krein reconstruction. Technically, all these results are obtained using ideas from functorial semantics, by studying models of the essentially algebraic theory of categories in various base categories of familiar algebraic structures and the functors that describe the relationships between them.
description: 45 pages, LaTex2e with XYPic diagrams; v2: extended version; v3: typos corrected
Prevalence of Neural Collapse during the terminal phase of deep learning training
Creators: name: Papyan, Vardan
name: Han, X. Y.
name: Donoho, David L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern practice for training classification deepnets involves a Terminal Phase of Training (TPT), which begins at the epoch where training error first vanishes; During TPT, the training error stays effectively zero while training loss is pushed towards zero. Direct measurements of TPT, for three prototypical deepnet architectures and across seven canonical classification datasets, expose a pervasive inductive bias we call Neural Collapse, involving four deeply interconnected phenomena: (NC1) Cross-example within-class variability of last-layer training activations collapses to zero, as the individual activations themselves collapse to their class-means; (NC2) The class-means collapse to the vertices of a Simplex Equiangular Tight Frame (ETF); (NC3) Up to rescaling, the last-layer classifiers collapse to the class-means, or in other words to the Simplex ETF, i.e. to a self-dual configuration; (NC4) For a given activation, the classifier's decision collapses to simply choosing whichever class has the closest train class-mean, i.e. the Nearest Class Center (NCC) decision rule. The symmetric and very simple geometry induced by the TPT confers important benefits, including better generalization performance, better robustness, and better interpretability.
Correlation Function Bootstrapping in Quantum Chaotic Systems
Creators: name: Kaplan, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a general and efficient approach for "bootstrapping" short-time correlation data in chaotic or complex quantum systems to obtain information about long-time dynamics and stationary properties, such as the local density of states. When the short-time data is sufficient to identify an individual quantum system, we obtain a systematic approximation for the spectrum and wave functions. Otherwise, we obtain statistical properties, including wave function intensity distributions, for an ensemble of all quantum systems sharing the given short-time correlations. The results are valid for open or closed systems, and are stable under perturbation of the short-time input data. Numerical examples include quantum maps and two-dimensional anharmonic oscillators.
description: 19 pages, including 10 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. E
Performance Appraisal Method of Logistic Distribution for Fresh Agricultural Products
Creators: name: Yu, Hang
name: Zhang, Kai
name: Yu, Hang
name: Zhang, Kai
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Logistic distribution of fresh agricultural products
subject: Logistic distribution
subject: Performance appraisal
subject: Appraisal indicators
subject: Fuzzy comprehensive appraisal ， China

description: Through the initial selection, screening and simplification, a set of performance appraisal system of logistic distribution suited to fresh agricultural products is established. In the process of establishing the appraisal indicator, the representative appraisal indicator of logistic distribution of fresh agricultural products is further obtained by delivering experts’ survey and applying the ABC screening system. The distribution costs, transportation and service level belong to the first level indicator; packing fees, distribution processing fees, full-load ratio, haulage capacity, customer satisfaction and the strain capability of delivery personnel belong to second level indicator. At the same time, the weighing of each indicator is determined. The quantification is conducted on indicators. The qualitative indicators applies ten-point system and then coverts these indicators into percentage, that is the number between [0，1]；as for the quantitative indicators, they are concluded to the interval [0,1] according to the actual value range of the indicators and by applying the grade of membership in the vague mathematics. Through the analyses of the advantages and disadvantages of the frequently used performance evaluation method and its applicable conditions, the comprehensive evaluation of logistic distribution of agricultural products obtained by using the method of fuzzy comprehensive appraisal. The results show that, in terms of reducing distribution costs, the packaging and distribution processing technology of fresh agricultural products should be improved, so as to reduce distribution costs. In the process of introducing the application of advanced technology, the high automatic logistic equipments should be introduced.
Additional file 1 of Capacity building for implementation research: a methodology for advancing health research and practice
Creators: name: Dako-Gyeke, Phyllis
name: Asampong, Emmanuel
name: Afari, Edwin
name: Launois, Pascal
name: Mercy Ackumey
name: Kwabena Opoku-Mensah
name: Dery, Samuel
name: Akweongo, Patricia
name: Nonvignon, Justice
name: Aikins, Moses
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Gap between Urban and Rural Economic Development in Less Developed Areas — A Case of Northern Jiangsu Area, China
Creators: name: Cheng, Hong-Ru
name: Cheng, Hong-Ru
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Urban-rural economy
subject: Gap
subject: Comparative labor productivity
subject: Dual structure intensity
subject: Northern Jiangsu area
subject: China

description: Taking northern Jiangsu area as an example, economic disparity between urban and rural areas is described according to the data in 2000-2009 Jiangsu Statistical Yearbook. Result shows that there are significant differences in the rural and urban economic development in less developed areas, which are mainly reflected in the differences in per capita income, living standard, and Engel coefficient. Reasons for urban and rural economic disparity in less developed areas are analyzed. The asymmetry and immobility of rural and urban resources have objectively caused the income gap between urban and rural residents; urban industrial development, which is faster than agricultural development, has widened the income gap between urban and rural residents; and the differences in comparative labor productivity in rural and urban areas have enlarged their income gap. Countermeasures to minimize the urban and rural economic development gap are put forward, such as deepening the reform, realizing the free flow of economic resources between urban and rural areas, developing rural areas through urban development, exerting the function of urban areas in the coordinated development of urban and rural areas, paying attention to the agriculture and rural areas, and improving the comparative labor productivity of agriculture.
Additional file 1 of Consideration of risk management practices in regulatory risk assessments: evaluation of field trials with micro-dams to reduce pesticide transport via surface runoff and soil erosion
Creators: name: Sittig, Stephan
name: Sur, Robin
name: Baets, Dirk
name: Hammel, Klaus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional tables.
Neutrino signatures of supernova shock and reverse shock propagation
Creators: name: Tomas, R.
name: Kachelriess, M.
name: Raffelt, G.
name: Dighe, A.
name: Janka, H. -T.
name: Scheck, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A few seconds after bounce in a core-collapse supernova, the shock wave passes the density region corresponding to resonant neutrino oscillations with the ``atmospheric'' neutrino mass difference. The transient violation of the adiabaticity condition manifests itself in an observable modulation of the neutrino signal from a future galactic supernova. In addition to the shock wave propagation effects that were previously studied, a reverse shock forms when the supersonically expanding neutrino-driven wind collides with the slower earlier supernova ejecta. This implies that for some period the neutrinos pass two subsequent density discontinuities, giving rise to a ``double dip'' feature in the average neutrino energy as a function of time. We study this effect both analytically and numerically and find that it allows one to trace the positions of the forward and reverse shocks. We show that the energy dependent neutrino conversion probabilities allow one to detect oscillations even if the energy spectra of different neutrino flavors are the same as long as the fluxes differ. These features are observable in the \barν_e signal for an inverted and in the ν_e signal for a normal neutrino mass hierarchy, provided the 13-mixing angle is ``large'' (sin^2θ_{13}\gg 10^{-5}).
description: 23 pages, 27 eps figures (high resolution plots are available on request), JCAP style; v2: figure 8 extended, matches published version
Quantum wakes in lattice fermions
Creators: name: Wampler, Matthew
name: Schauss, Peter
name: Kolomeisky, Eugene B
name: Klich, Israel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The wake following a vessel in water is a signature interference effect of moving bodies, and, as described by Lord Kelvin, is contained within a constant universal angle. However, wakes may accompany different kinds of moving disturbances in other situations and even in lattice systems. Here, we investigate the effect of moving disturbances on a Fermi lattice gas of ultracold atoms and analyze the novel types of wake patterns that may occur. We show how at half-filling, the wake angles are dominated by the ratio of the hopping energy to the velocity of the disturbance and on the angle of motion relative to the lattice direction. Moreover, we study the difference between wakes left behind a moving particle detector versus that of a moving potential or a moving particle extractor. We show that these scenarios exhibit dramatically different behavior at half-filling, with the "measurement wake" following an idealized detector vanishing, though the motion of the detector does still leaves a trace through a "fluctuation wake." Finally, we discuss the experimental requirements to observe our predictions in ultracold fermionic atoms in optical lattices.
Additional file 1 of Coiled-coil inspired functional inclusion bodies
Creators: name: Gil-Garcia, Marcos
name: Navarro, Susanna
name: Ventura, Salvador
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Coiled-coil predictions for ZapB. Figure S2. Coiled-coil predictions for 3HAMP. Figure S3. Coiled-coil predictions for TDoT. Figure S4. Secondary structure prediction by PSIPRED server. Figure S5. Secondary structure prediction by GOR server. Figure S6. AGGRESCAN3D structural aggregation propensity predictions for ZapB, TDoT and 3HAMP. Figure S7. Net charge per residue (NCPR) of the different tags. Figure S8. SDS-PAGE of the cellular distribution of ZapB. Figure S9. SDS-PAGE of ZapB purification by IMAC. Figure S10. SDS-PAGE of purified ZapB IBs. Figure S11. SDS-PAGE of the cellular distribution of GFP. Figure S12. SDS-PAGE of the cellular distribution of mCherry. Figure S13. AGGRESCAN3D structural aggregation propensity predictions for GFP and mCherry. Figure S14. SDS-PAGE of purified ZapB-GFP IBs. Figure S15. SDS-PAGE of purified ZapB-mCherry IBs. Figure S16. Characterization of the non-amyloid nature of ZapB-mCherry IBs. Figure S17. SDS-PAGE of the cellular distribution of Aβ42-GFP. Figure S18. SDS-PAGE of purified Aβ42-GFP IBs. Figure S19. DLS spectra of ZapB-GFP and Aβ42-GFP IBs. Figure S20. Epifluorescence microscopy images of ZapB-GFP and Aβ42-GFP IBs. DNA and amino acid sequences of ZapB protein.
Notes On The Design Of An Internet Adversary
Creators: name: Rosenthal, David S. H.
name: Maniatis, Petros
name: Roussopoulos, Mema
name: Giuli, T. J.
name: Baker, Mary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.7

description: The design of the defenses Internet systems can deploy against attack, especially adaptive and resilient defenses, must start from a realistic model of the threat. This requires an assessment of the capabilities of the adversary. The design typically evolves through a process of simulating both the system and the adversary. This requires the design and implementation of a simulated adversary based on the capability assessment. Consensus on the capabilities of a suitable adversary is not evident. Part of the recent redesign of the protocol used by peers in the LOCKSS digital preservation system included a conservative assessment of the adversary's capabilities. We present our assessment and the implications we drew from it as a step towards a reusable adversary specification.
Supersolid behavior in one-dimensional self-trapped Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Parit, Mithilesh K.
name: Tyagi, Gargi
name: Singh, Dheerendra
name: Panigrahi, Prasanta K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersolid is an exotic state of matter, showing crystalline order with a superfluid background, observed recently in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in a trap. Here, we present exact solutions of the desired Bloch form in the self-trapped free-floating quantum fluid. Our general solutions of the amended nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger equation, governing the mean-field and beyond mean-field dynamics, are obtained through a M{ö}bius transform, connecting a wide class of supersolid solutions to the ubiquitous cnoidal waves. The solutions yield the constant condensate, supersolid behavior and the self-trapped droplet in different parameter domains. The lowest residual condensate is found to be exactly one-third of the constant background.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of The minimal informative monitoring interval of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with stable heart failure
Creators: name: Zhehao Dai
name: Asano, Taku
name: Takahashi, Osamu
name: Komiyama, Nobuyuki
name: Ohde, Sachiko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Estimates of the random-effects model for the overall stable heart failure population. Supplemental Fig. 1. Schematic of analytic period and follow-up NT-proBNP measurements.
Particle Physics and Inflationary Cosmology
Creators: name: Linde, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the LaTeX version of my book "Particle Physics and Inflationary Cosmology'' (Harwood, Chur, Switzerland, 1990). I decided to put it to hep-th, to make it easily available. Many things happened during the 15 years since the time when it was written. In particular, we have learned a lot about the high temperature behavior in the electroweak theory and about baryogenesis. A discovery of the acceleration of the universe has changed the way we are thinking about the problem of the vacuum energy: Instead of trying to explain why it is zero, we are trying to understand why it is anomalously small. Recent cosmological observations have shown that the universe is flat, or almost exactly flat, and confirmed many other predictions of inflationary theory. Many new versions of this theory have been developed, including hybrid inflation and inflationary models based on string theory. There was a substantial progress in the theory of reheating of the universe after inflation, and in the theory of eternal inflation. It's clear, therefore, that some parts of the book should be updated, which I might do sometimes in the future. I hope, however, that this book may be of some interest even in its original form. I am using it in my lectures on inflationary cosmology at Stanford, supplementing it with the discussion of the subjects mentioned above. I would suggest to read this book in parallel with the book by Liddle and Lyth "Cosmological Inflation and Large Scale Structure,'' with the book by Mukhanov "Physical Foundations of Cosmology,'' to be published soon, and with my review article hep-th/0503195, which contains a discussion of some (but certainly not all) of the recent developments in inflationary theory.
description: 270 pages, 35 figures
Particle Statistics and Population Dynamics
Creators: name: Escudero, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a master equation system modelling a population dynamics problem in a lattice. The problem is the calculation of the minimum size of a refuge that can protect a population from hostile external conditions, the so called critical patch size problem. We analize both cases in which the particles are considered fermions and bosons and show using exact analitical methods that, while the Fermi-Dirac statistics leads to certain extinction for any refuge size, the Bose-Eistein statistics allows survival even for the minimal refuge.
Third homology of perfect central extensions
Creators: name: Mirzaii, Behrooz
name: Mokari, Fatemeh Yeganeh
name: Ordinola, David M. Carbajal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20J06, 55P20

description: For a central perfect extension of groups $A \rightarrowtail G\twoheadrightarrow Q$, first we study the natural image of $H_3(A,\mathbb{Z})$ in $H_3(G, \mathbb{Z})$. As a particular case, we show that if the extension is universal this image is 2-torsion. Moreover when the plus-construction of the classifying space of $Q$ is an $H$-space, we also study the kernel of the surjective homomorphism $H_3(G,\mathbb{Z}) \to H_3(Q, \mathbb{Z})$.
description: 20 pages
Observation of inter-edge magnetoplasmon mode in a degenerate two-dimensional electron gas
Creators: name: Sukhodub, G.
name: Hohls, F.
name: Haug, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the propagation of edge magnetoplasmons by time-resolved current measurements in a sample which allows for selective detection of edge states in the quantum Hall regime. We observe two decoupled modes of edge and inter-edge magnetoplasmons at filling factors close to 3. From the analysis of the propagation velocities of each mode the internal spatial parameters of the edge structure are derived.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted
Supplementary document for Experimental adaptive Bayesian estimation for a linear function of distributed phases in photonic quantum networks - 7243466.pdf
Creators: name: Liu, Biyao
name: Yang, Kui-Xing
name: Mao, Ya-Li
name: Feng, Lixin
name: guo, Bixiang
name: Xu, Shufeng
name: Chen, Hu
name: Li, Zhengda
name: Fan, Jingyun
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: 3 Sections, 10 Figures
Delayed skin reactions and mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2: correspondence
Creators: name: Mungmunpuntipantip, Rujittika
name: Wiwanitkit, Viroj
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: COVID
vaccine
skin

description: EXCLI Journal; 21:Doc1285; ISSN 1611-2156
Anomalous multi-ramp fractional vortex beams with arbitrary topological charge jumps
Creators: name: Zeng, Jun
name: Xu, Zhiheng
name: Zhao, Chengliang
name: Cai, Yangjian
name: Gbur, Greg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Traditional fractional vortex beams are well-known "jump" beams: that is, their net topological charge jumps by unity as the effective topological charge of the source passes a half-integer value. Here, we propose an anomalous multi-ramp fractional vortex (AMRFV) beam. Unlike the traditional fractional vortex beams, an AMRFV beam can be designed to have arbitrary jumps in topological charge at any critical threshold of the source charge. We walk through some examples of AMRFV beams using simulations and present a clear interpretation of the multi-jump characteristic based on the evolution of phase singularities.
Nutzung von Automotive Big Data zur Entwicklung zweier neuer Anwendungen. In KI in der Industrie: Fallbeispiele aus #BAS19 (pp. 10-19)
Creators: name: Kaiser, C.
name: Festl, A.
name: Stocker, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Ein Fahrzeug ist ein Computer auf vier Rädern. In einem modernen Fahrzeug analysieren zahlreiche Steuergeräte eine enorme Menge an Daten, welche von der verbauten Sensorik während der Fahrzeugnutzung generiert wird, um die Funktion des Fahrzeugs und der darin verbauten Systeme zu gewährleisten. Schon die von einem einzigen Fahrzeug generierten Daten sind für die Entwicklung datengetriebener Anwendungen und Dienste hochgradig spannend. Das wahre Potenzial der Fahrzeugdaten erschließt sich allerdings erst dann, wenn viele Fahrzeuge aus Flotten oder gar alle sich im Straßenverkehr befindlichen Fahrzeuge überhaupt ihren Big-DataDatenschatz zur Verfügung stellen und eine Kombination von Fahrzeugdaten mit Daten aus anderen Domänen angestrebt wird. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt die Nutzung der von Sensoren generierten Daten in zwei konkreten Anwendungen auf: die Detektion des Fahrverhaltens einzelner Fahrer zum Aufzeigen des Fahrrisikos sowie die Detektion von Schlaglöchern in einem urbanen Straßennetz über mehrere Fahrer und Fahrzeuge hinweg. Der Beitrag beschreibt die dazu erforderlichen Schritte von der Definition der Anwendungen, dem Abgreifen der Daten des Fahrzeugs, der Datenvorverarbeitung, der eigentlichen Datenanalyse und der Generierung von Ergebnissen zur Entscheidungsunterstützung für Fahrer und Infrastrukturverantwortliche. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine Big-Data-Analytics-Plattform eingesetzt, welche in dem von der Europäischen Kommission geförderten Projekt EVOLVE entstanden ist und zahlreiche für Data Scientists relevante Open-Source-Tools wie beispielsweise Spark, Kafka, Flink, Elastic, oder Jupyter in einem System vereint. Die beiden im Beitrag beschriebenen Anwendungen wurden als Demonstratoren auf dieser Big-Data-Analytics-Plattform realisiert.
description: Industry Booklet
Intermediate Mass Black Hole Formation in compact Young Massive Star Clusters
Creators: name: Rizzuto, Francesco Paolo
name: Naab, Thorsten
name: Spurzem, Rainer
name: Giersz, Mirek
name: Ostriker, J. P.
name: Stone, N. C.
name: Wang, Long
name: Berczik, Peter
name: Rampp, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Young dense massive star clusters are a promising environment for the formation of intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs) through collisions. We present a set of 80 simulations carried out with Nbody6++GPU of 10 initial conditions for compact $\sim 7 \times 10^4 M_{\odot}$ star clusters with half-mass radii $R_\mathrm{h} \lesssim 1 pc$, central densities $ρ_\mathrm{core} \gtrsim 10^5 M_\odot pc^{-3}$, and resolved stellar populations with 10\% primordial binaries. Very massive stars (VMSs) with masses up to $\sim 400 M_\odot$ grow rapidly by binary exchange and three-body scattering events with main sequences stars in hard binaries. Assuming that in VMS - stellar BH collisions all stellar material is accreted onto the BH, IMBHs with masses up to $M_\mathrm{BH} \sim 350 M_\odot$ can form on timescales of $\lesssim 15$ Myr. This process was qualitatively predicted from Monte Carlo MOCCA simulations. Despite the stochastic nature of the process - typically not more than 3/8 cluster realisations show IMBH formation - we find indications for higher formation efficiencies in more compact clusters. Assuming a lower accretion fraction of 0.5 for VMS - BH collisions, IMBHs can also form. The process might not work for accretion fractions as low as 0.1. After formation, the IMBHs can experience occasional mergers with stellar mass BHs in intermediate mass-ratio inspiral events (IMRIs) on a 100 Myr timescale. Realised with more than $10^5$ stars, 10 \% binaries, the assumed stellar evolution model with all relevant evolution processes included and 300 Myr simulation time, our large suite of simulations indicates that IMBHs of several hundred solar masses might form rapidly in massive star clusters right after their birth while they are still compact.
description: Submitted