cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Breakdown of superfluidity of an atom laser past an obstacle
Creators: name: Pavloff, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 1D flow of a continuous beam of Bose-Einstein condensed atoms in the presence of an obstacle is studied as a function of the beam velocity and of the type of perturbing potential (representing the interaction of the obstacle with the atoms of the beam). We identify the relevant regimes: stationary/time-dependent and superfluid/dissipative; the absence of drag is used as a criterion for superfluidity. There exists a critical velocity below which the flow is superfluid. For attractive obstacles, we show that this critical velocity can reach the value predicted by Landau's approach. For penetrable obstacles, it is shown that superfluidity is recovered at large beam velocity. Finally, enormous differences in drag occur when switching from repulsive to attractive potential.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Post-traumatic stress impact on health outcomes in Gulf War Illness
Creators: name: Jeffrey, Mary
name: Collado, Fanny
name: Kibler, Jeffrey
name: DeLucia, Christian
name: Messer, Steven
name: Klimas, Nancy
name: Craddock, Travis J. A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Assumptions and hierarchical regression analysis statistics.
Hiding the Rentier Elephant in Plain Sight: The Epistemology of Vanishing Rent
Creators: name: McGoey, Linsey
Publisher: name: Sociologica
Year: 2021

description: Economic rent is defined as excessive financial returns made possible by control or monopoly over a particular market. A minority of economists suggest that we live in an era of “rentier capitalism” characterized by exploitative extreme wealth. Their arguments are framed in new and powerful ways, but their focus has a long heritage, flowing back to classical economists such as Adam Smith who criticized the wealthy for reaping “where they never sowed.” While interest in rentierism is growing, other economists, including on the left, disagree that rentier gains underpin most extreme fortunes today. I introduce the concept of “ignorance pathways” to raise new points about the perceptual divide between those who “see” rent and those who do not. Mapping different ignorance pathways within modern economic thought, I theorize the reasons for why rentier returns remain “unseen”. Terminology is policy: it is harder to make a policy case for redistributing rentier returns when the contentious object of scrutiny — in this case “rent” — is believed to be something that does not exist.
description: Sociologica, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021)
Pressure-induced recovery of the Fermi-liquid state in the non-Fermi liquid material U2Pt2In
Creators: name: Estrela, P.
name: de Visser, A.
name: Naka, T.
name: de Boer, F. R.
name: Pereira, L. C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the study of non-Fermi-liquid (NFL) phenomena in correlated metals, U2Pt2In is of special interest as it is one of the rare stoichiometric (undoped) materials that show NFL behaviour at ambient pressure. Here we report on the stability of the NFL phase with respect to hydrostatic pressure (p< 1.8 GPa). Electrical resistivity data under pressure, taken on a single-crystalline sample for a current in the tetragonal plane, show that T_FL, i.e. the temperature below which the Fermi-liquid T^2-term is observed, increases with pressure as T_FL ~ (p-p_c), where p_c~0 is a critical pressure. This provides strong evidence for the location of U2Pt2In at an antiferromagnetic quantum critical point.
description: 7 pages (including 2 figures); pdf format; short paper submitted to the Proceedings of SCES2001
MOESM1 of Association between atopic disease and anemia in pediatrics: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Kiyon Rhew
name: Oh, Jung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The list of KCD-7 diagnostic codes of diseases in the study. Table S2. Adjusted odds ratio of IDA for all covariates in final model.
Presentations of diagram categories
Creators: name: Hu, Mengwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe the planar rook category, the rook category, the rook-Brauer category, and the Motzkin category in terms of generators and relations. We show that the morphism spaces of these categories have linear bases given by planar rook diagrams, rook diagrams, rook-Brauer diagrams, and Motzkin diagrams.
description: 22 pages; typos corrected
Risk factors for severe and critical Covid-19 in pregnant women in a single center in Brazil
Creators: name: Tutiya, Celso
name: Mello, Filomena
name: Chaccur, Gilberto
name: Almeida, Camila
name: Galvão, Elaine
name: de Souza, Andressa Cristina Barbosa
name: Kondo, Mario Macoto
name: Torloni, Maria Regina
name: Siaulys, Monica
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Risk factors for severe SARS-CoV2 infection in pregnancy have not been extensively studied. This information can help guide the management of pregnant women with COVID-19. Examine risk factors for severe COVID-19 in pregnant women. We reviewed the records of all pregnant women with positive SARS-CoV2 tests (qRT-PCR) managed at a single tertiary private maternity in Sao Paulo, Brazil. We categorized women as having non-severe (mild or moderate) or severe (severe or critical) COVID-19. We conducted multivariable analyses to identify differences in sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the two groups as risk factors for severe COVID-19. Between March 13 and June 7 2020, 114 women tested positive for SARS-CoV-2; 80.7% (n = 92) had non-severe disease (69 mild, 23 moderate), 15.7% (n = 18) had severe, and 3.5% (n = 4) had critical COVID-19. Women with severe/critical COVID-19 (n = 22) were significantly older (35.0 ± 5.9 × 31.8 ± 5.1 years, p = 0.011), more likely to have at least one medical comorbidity (81.8% × 52.2%, p = .011) or a history of asthma (18.2% × 3.3%, p = .025), and tended to have a higher median body mass index (30.1 kg/m2, IQR 28.1–33.9 × 28.6, IQR 26.2–32.0, p = .056) than women with non-severe disease. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified four factors as independent predictors of severe/critical COVID-19: asthma (OR 34.469, 95% CI 1.151–78.030, p = .026), non-white ethnicity (OR 7.932, 95% CI 1.311–47.973, p = .024), maternal age with a best cutoff of ≥ 34 years (OR 1.195, 95% CI 1.001–1.427, p = .048) and gestational age at diagnosis with a best cut-off of ≥ 35 weeks (OR 0.876, 95% CI 0.780–0.983, p = .025). The predictive value of the model including all variables was 0.823 (p < .001). A history of asthma, non-white ethnicity, and older maternal age were risk factors for, while higher gestational age was protective against severe/critical COVID-19 in pregnant Brazilian women.
Ring chains with vertex coupling of a preferred orientation
Creators: name: Baradaran, Marzieh
name: Exner, Pavel
name: Tater, Miloš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q35, 35J10, 47A10

description: We consider a family of Schrödinger operators supported by a periodic chain of loops connected either tightly or loosely through connecting links of the length $\ell>0$ with the vertex coupling which is non-invariant with respect to the time reversal. The spectral behavior of the model illustrates that the high-energy behavior of such vertices is determined by the vertex parity. The positive spectrum of the tightly connected chain covers the entire halfline while the one of the loose chain is dominated by gaps. In addition, there is a negative spectrum consisting of an infinitely degenerate eigenvalue in the former case, and of one or two absolutely continuous bands in the latter. Furthermore, we discuss the limit $\ell\to 0$ and show that while the spectrum converges as a set to that of the tight chain, as it should in view of a result by Berkolaiko, Latushkin, and Sukhtaiev, this limit is rather non-uniform.
description: 13 pages, two figures; minor improvements, to appear in Reviews in Mathematical Physics
MOESM1 of Clinical malaria and the potential risk of anaemia among preschool-aged children: a population-based study of the 2015–2016 Malawi micronutrient survey
Creators: name: Ntenda, Peter
name: Sosten Chilumpha
name: Mwenyenkulu, Edward
name: Kazambwe, Jane
name: Walaa El-Meidany
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Multilingual abstracts in the five official working languages of the United Nations.
NEPATA CATERIA'S ANTI-MALARIAL ACTION: IN VIVO EVALUATION OF METHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT
Creators: name: Aisha, S. Ibrahim
name: Yusuf, M. Abubakar
Publisher: name: klover journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: Malaria
drug resistance
counterfeit drugs
global health
innovative treatment

description: Malaria, an age-old infectious disease, stands as a pervasive contributor to suffering and mortality, particularly afflicting children under 5 years, predominantly in the developing world. With a historical record of causing profound societal and economic impacts, malaria remains a critical global health concern, causing substantial energy loss, debilitation, and economic damage. The gravity of the disease is underscored by its historical toll, with Riscoe et al. (2005) asserting that malaria has claimed the lives of approximately half of all individuals who have ever lived. This vector-borne illness not only affects individuals but reverberates through families and entire societies, disrupting productivity and causing substantial losses in the workforce. The energy depletion, debilitation, and economic and social consequences of malaria surpass those of other human parasitic diseases. In light of its wide-reaching implications, urgent attention is directed towards addressing the challenges associated with anti-malarial drug resistance and the prevalence of counterfeit drugs circulating in Nigerian markets. Considering the pressing need for effective malaria treatment options, this study emphasizes the imperative for novel drugs or drug combinations with refined modes of action. The exploration of innovative therapeutic approaches is paramount to combat the challenges posed by drug resistance and the presence of counterfeit drugs in circulation. The study aims to contribute to the ongoing efforts to enhance malaria treatment strategies, ensuring the development of effective interventions to alleviate the profound impact of this ancient and relentless disease on global health
Against Accumulation: Class Traitors Challenge Wealth and Worth
Creators: name: Sherman, Rachel
Publisher: name: Sociologica
Year: 2021

description: Rich people are generally represented, both by academics and in popular culture, as desiring always to maximize and legitimate their wealth and social advantages. But some wealthy and class-privileged people have defined themselves as the beneficiaries of illegitimate systems of accumulation, and have reframed their own self-interest to include racial and economic justice. Participating in a range of organizations, they have begun to talk more openly about their wealth and class power and to take action to change the systems that have enabled their wealth, through policy advocacy, moving money to grassroots movements and solidarity economies, and shifting public narratives. But making these changes is harder than we might imagine. Drawing primarily on 90 interviews with people in the field, this paper addresses the affective, cultural, and strategic dimensions of working against accumulation and toward redistribution. I argue that these actions challenge deeply entrenched cultural common sense about accumulation, as both an indicator of good personhood and a goal of financial activity. This common sense is not only a characteristic of individuals but is also rooted in interpersonal relationships and financial institutions.
description: Sociologica, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021)
The influence of maternal and paternal education on birth outcomes: an analysis of the Ottawa and Kingston (OaK) birth cohort
Creators: name: Swaminathan, Akshay
name: Luna, Marianne Lahaie
name: White, Ruth Rennicks
name: Smith, Graeme
name: Rodger, Marc
name: Wen, Shi Wu
name: Walker, Mark
name: Corsi, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Education is considered one of the most robust determinants of health. However, it is unclear whether maternal education and paternal education have differential impacts on perinatal health outcomes. We assess maternal and paternal education differences and their association with adverse birth outcomes in a large birth cohort from Ontario, Canada. The OaK Birth Cohort recruited patients from Ontario, Canada, between October 2002 and April 2009. We recruited mothers were recruited between 12 and 20 weeks’ gestation and collected both mother and infant data. The final sample size of the cohort was 8,085 participants. We use logistic regression to model the probability of preterm birth (less than 34 and 37 weeks’ gestation), small-for-gestational-age (SGA), or stillbirth as a function of maternal and paternal educational attainment. We adjust for household-level income, maternal and paternal race and ethnicity, and compare the strength of the association between maternal and paternal education on outcomes using Wald tests. 7,928 mother-father-offspring triads were available for the current analysis. 75% of mothers and fathers had college or university level education, and 8.7% of mothers experienced preterm delivery. Compared to mothers with college or university education, mothers with a high school education had an odds ratio of 1.37 (95% CI: 1.01–1.87) for SGA. Paternal education was not associated with infant outcomes. Comparing the odds ratios for maternal education and paternal education showed a stronger association than paternal education at the high school level for SGA birth (difference in odds ratio: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.13–3.36, p = .016) among women at least 25 years old. Maternal education was associated with SGA, and this effect was more robust than paternal education, but both associations were weaker than previously reported.
Additional file 2 of Diversity and evolution of the transposable element repertoire in arthropods with particular reference to insects
Creators: name: Petersen, Malte
name: Armisén, David
name: Gibbs, Richard A.
name: Hering, Lars
name: Abderrahman Khila
name: Mayer, Georg
name: Richards, Stephen
name: Niehuis, Oliver
name: Misof, Bernhard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Zoology

description: This plot shows that the number of TE superfamilies is correlated to the genome assembly size. (PDF 7 kB)
Excess Profits, Taxpayer-Subsidized Philanthropy, and the Coronavirus Crisis: Charitable Giving of the Tech Elite in Response to the Pandemic
Creators: name: Torpey, John
name: Brockmann, Hilke
name: Hendricks, Braelyn
Publisher: name: Sociologica
Year: 2021

description: This paper addresses how the tech elite has benefited financially from the Coronavirus crisis, as well as how they have sought to give back some of their gains in order to help the broader population. We have gathered data on the stock prices, corporate revenues, and profits of the Big Tech firms and on the incomes and wealth of the tech elite, and we compare these winnings with their philanthropic giving during the pandemic year of 2020. We note that tax policies undergird both the explosion of tech profits and the growth of philanthropic giving in response to the crisis. We find that the winners among the tech elite have benefited dramatically from the pandemic without necessarily donating large amounts of money relative to their wealth. We argue that tax reforms are necessary to ensure that more of the social product comes under the democratic control of the public treasury.
description: Sociologica, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021)
Stability of money: Phase transitions in an Ising economy
Creators: name: Bornholdt, Stefan
name: Wagner, Friedrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The stability of money value is an important requisite for a functioning economy, yet it critically depends on the actions of participants in the market themselves. Here we model the value of money as a dynamical variable that results from trading between agents. The basic trading scenario can be recast into an Ising type spin model and is studied on the hierarchical network structure of a Cayley tree. We solve this model analytically and observe a phase transition between a one state phase, always allowing for a stable money value, and a two state phase, where an unstable (inflationary) phase occurs. The onset of inflation is discontinuous and follows a first order phase transition. The stable phase provides a parameter region where money value is robust and can be stabilized without fine tuning.
description: 9 pages RevTeX, 5 figures PostScript
Non-uniform Sampling for Quantitative NOESY
Creators: name: Darling, William T.P.
name: Hyberts, Sven G.
name: Erdelyi, Mate
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: NMR FIDs, NOESY build-up obtained with uniform sampling using Bruker Topspin, on the model molecule spiramycin.
Continuous phase transition and microstructure of charged AdS black hole with quintessence
Creators: name: Guo, Xiong-Ying
name: Li, Huai-Fan
name: Zhang, Li-Chun
name: Zhao, Ren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previously, the Maxwell equal-area law has been used to discuss the conditions satisfied by the phase transition of charged AdS black holes with cloud of string and quintessence, and it was concluded that black holes have phase transition similar to that of vdW system. The phase transition depends on the electric potential of the black hole and is not the one between a large black hole and a small black hole. On the basis of this result, we study the relation between the latent heat of the phase transition and the parameter of dark energy, and use the Landau continuous phase transition theory to discuss the critical phenomenon of the black hole with quintessence and give the critical exponent. By introducing the number density of the black hole molecules, some properties of the microstructure of black holes are studied in terms of a phase transition. It is found that the electric charge of the black hole and the normalization parameter related to the density of quintessence field play a key role in phase transition. By constructing the binary fluid model of the black hole molecules, we also discuss the microstructure of charged AdS black holes with a cloud of strings and quintessence.
description: 25 pages,4 figures,added refs. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1901.04703
Risk Mismatches and Inequalities: Oil and Gas and Elite Risk-Classes in the U.S. and Canada
Creators: name: Curran, Dean
Publisher: name: Sociologica
Year: 2021

description: There has been a recent renewal of approaches to the study of class and inequality, including Bourdieusian class analysis, the new economics of inequality, and Marxist class approaches. Despite the importance of these approaches, they have a common baseline that this paper problematises. This baseline is that these approaches to inequality identify the economic dimension of inequalities as one in which a series of goods are produced, and then different individuals or groups are able to employ certain types of powers to disproportionately appropriate or accumulate these goods. Without denying the importance of inequalities in goods, this paper focuses on another set of processes that are interacting with the process of the distribution of goods — the production and distribution of risks. This paper employs the concept risk-class to analyse how inequalities are emerging from systematic mismatches between a group’s share of the benefits from the production of risk and their share in the damages from the distribution of these risks. Bringing together an analysis of the oil and gas industry with recent discussions of inequalities emerging from financial risk, this paper identifies risk-class-elites whose advantageous risk positions are secured at the cost of intensified risks for the already least advantaged.
description: Sociologica, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021)
Maximally accreting supermassive stars: a fundamental limit imposed by hydrostatic equilibrium
Creators: name: Haemmerlé, L.
name: Meynet, G.
name: Mayer, L.
name: Klessen, R. S.
name: Woods, T. E.
name: Heger, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Major mergers of gas-rich galaxies provide promising conditions for the formation of supermassive black holes (SMBHs; $\gtrsim10^5$ M$_\odot$) by direct collapse because they can trigger mass inflows as high as $10^4-10^5$ M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$ on sub-parsec scales. However, the channel of SMBH formation in this case, either dark collapse (direct collapse without prior stellar phase) or supermassive star (SMS; $\gtrsim10^4$ M$_\odot$), remains unknown. Here, we investigate the limit in accretion rate up to which stars can maintain hydrostatic equilibrium. We compute hydrostatic models of SMSs accreting at $1-1000$ M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$, and estimate the departures from equilibrium a posteriori by taking into account the finite speed of sound. We find that stars accreting above the atomic cooling limit ($\gtrsim10$ M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$) can only maintain hydrostatic equilibrium once they are supermassive. In this case, they evolve adiabatically with a hylotropic structure, that is, entropy is locally conserved and scales with the square root of the mass coordinate. Our results imply that stars can only become supermassive by accretion at the rates of atomically cooled haloes ($\sim0.1-10$ M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$). Once they are supermassive, larger rates are possible.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Domain wall roughening in dipolar films in the presence of disorder
Creators: name: Santos, Jaime E.
name: Frey, Erwin
name: Schwabl, Franz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a low-energy Hamiltonian for the elastic energy of a Néel domain wall in a thin film with in-plane magnetization, where we consider the contribution of the long-range dipolar interaction beyond the quadratic approximation. We show that such a Hamiltonian is analogous to the Hamiltonian of a one-dimensional polaron in an external random potential. We use a replica variational method to compute the roughening exponent of the domain wall for the case of two-dimensional dipolar interactions.
description: REVTEX, 35 pages, 2 figures. The text suffered minor changes and references 1,2 and 12 were added to conform with the referee's report
Additional file 3 of Diversity and evolution of the transposable element repertoire in arthropods with particular reference to insects
Creators: name: Petersen, Malte
name: Armisén, David
name: Gibbs, Richard A.
name: Hering, Lars
name: Abderrahman Khila
name: Mayer, Georg
name: Richards, Stephen
name: Niehuis, Oliver
name: Misof, Bernhard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Zoology

description: Alu alignments. These plots illustrate that copies of the SINE Alu are present in 56 of the genomes under study. Grey sections in the alignments are positions identical to the canonical Alu sequence at the top. (PDF 4480 kb)
Quasi-two-dimensional organic superconductors: a review
Creators: name: Singleton, John
name: Mielke, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a review of quasi-two-dimensional organic superconductors. These systems exhibit many interesting phenomena, including reduced dimensionality, strong electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions and the proximity of antiferromagnetism, insulator states and superconductivity. Moreover, it has been possible to measure the electronic bands of many of the organics in great detail, in contrast to the situation in other well-known systems in which similar phenomena occur. We describe the crystal structure and normal-state properties of the organics, before presenting the experimental evidence for and against exotic superconductivity mediated by antiferromagnetic fluctuations. Finally, three instances of field-induced unconventional superconductivity will be described.
MOESM1 of Awareness and factors associated with reported intake of folic acid-fortified flour among women of reproductive age in Ifakara, Morogoro region, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Ipyana Mwandelile
name: Mpembeni, Rose
name: Abade, Ahmed
name: Rumisha, Susan
name: Massaga, Julius
name: Rogath Kishimba
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. An English version questionnaire used to gather data for this study.
Energy dependent wavelength of the ion induced nanoscale ripple
Creators: name: Chini, T. K.
name: Sanyal, M. K.
name: Bhattacharyya, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wavelength variation of ion beam induced nanoscale ripple structure has received much attention recently due to its possible application in nanotechnology. We present here results of Ar$^+$ bombarded Si in the energy range 50 to 140 keV to demonstrate that with beam scanning the ripple wavelength increases with ion energy and decreases with energy for irradiation without ion beam scanning. An expression for the energy dependence of ripple wavelength is proposed taking into simultaneous effect of thermally activated surface diffusion and ion induced effective surface diffusion.
description: REVTeX (4 pages), 3 EPS figures
Gender and Wealth in the Super Rich: Asset Differences in Top Wealth Households in the United States, 1989–2019
Creators: name: Keister, Lisa A.
name: Lee, Hang Young
name: Yavorsky, Jill E.
Publisher: name: Sociologica
Year: 2021

description: Wealth inequality is extreme and growing in the United States, and researchers have begun to explore the factors that are associated with membership in the top one percent of net worth owners. We contribute to this important literature by examining the association between gender and net worth in the U.S. super-rich. We propose that unmarried women, unmarried men, and married couples in the one percent are likely to have different levels of net worth and distinct patterns of asset holdings that reflect gender differences in income and saving, the household division of labor, work, and demographics. We use data from the 1989–2019 U.S. Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF), a unique data set that contains a high-income, high-wealth sample designed to accurately represent wealthy households. We find modest differences in total net worth among unmarried women, unmarried men, and married couples with unmarried women owning slightly less net worth than either unmarried men or married couples. We also find that unmarried women hold a lower percentage of their net worth in business assets and a higher percentage of their assets as trust accounts compared to unmarried men and married couples. Our findings contribute to the literature that explores the wealth of the super-rich and highlight the role that gender plays in these families. Our results also build on research on the role that business assets and trusts play in wealthy families and suggest that women may be dependent on others for access to the super-rich.
description: Sociologica, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021)
Modelling Double Neutron Stars: Radio and Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Chattopadhyay, Debatri
name: Stevenson, Simon
name: Hurley, Jarrod R.
name: Rossi, Luca J.
name: Flynn, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have implemented prescriptions for modelling pulsars in the rapid binary population synthesis code COMPAS. We perform a detailed analysis of the double neutron star (DNS) population, accounting for radio survey selection effects. The surface magnetic field decay timescale (${\sim}1000$\,Myr) and mass scale (${\sim}0.02$\,M$_\odot$) are the dominant uncertainties in our model. Mass accretion during common envelope evolution plays a non-trivial role in recycling pulsars. We find a best-fit model that is in broad agreement with the observed Galactic DNS population. Though the pulsar parameters (period and period derivative) are strongly biased by radio selection effects, the observed orbital parameters (orbital period and eccentricity) closely represent the intrinsic distributions. The number of radio observable DNSs in the Milky Way at present is about 2500 in our model, corresponding to approximately 10\% of the predicted total number of DNSs in the galaxy. Using our model calibrated to the Galactic DNS population, we make predictions for DNS mergers observed in gravitational waves. The DNS chirp mass distribution varies from 1.1M$_\odot$ to 2.1M$_\odot$ and the median is found to be 1.14\,M$_\mathrm{\odot}$. The expected effective spin $χ_\mathrm{eff}$ for isolated DNSs is $\lesssim$0.03 from our model. We predict that 34\% of the current Galactic isolated DNSs will merge within a Hubble time, and have a median total mass of 2.7\,M$_\mathrm{\odot}$. Finally, we discuss implications for fast radio bursts and post-merger remnant gravitational-waves.
description: 26 pages, Accepted for publication by MNRAS
Gas Kinematics of Three Hickson Compact Groups: The Data
Creators: name: Plana, H.
name: Amram, P.
name: de Oliveira, C. Mendes
name: Balkowski, C.
name: Boulesteix, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Fabry Perot observations of three Hickson Compact Groups, HCG 88, HCG 89 and HCG 100. We detect ionized gas in 15 group members, three of which were previously uncatalogued objects, two in HCG 89 and one in HCG 100. We were able to derive 2D velocity, monochromatic and continuum maps and rotation curves for a total of 12 giant late-type galaxies and two dwarf galaxies. Even with this small sample of three groups, we can clearly see a trend of kinematic evolution and the different evolutionary stages of the groups. The members of HCG 88 show almost no signs of previous or current interactions, while HCG 100 contains at least two merging and one strongly-interacting galaxies. HCG 89 shows members with signs of interactions and galaxies with normal kinematics. We therefore classify HCG 88, HCG 89 and HCG 100 respectively as an unevolved group, a mildly interacting group and a system in the final stage of evolution.
description: 31 pages, 34 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomical Journal
2-Local automorphisms on $AW^\ast$-algebras
Creators: name: Ayupov, Shavkat
name: Kudaybergenov, Karimbergen
name: Kalandarov, Turabay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L51, 46L40

description: The paper is devoted to 2-local automorphisms on $AW^\ast$-algebras. Using the technique of matrix algebras over a unital Banach algebra we prove that any 2-local automorphism on an arbitrary $AW^\ast$-algebra without finite type~I direct summands is a global automorphism.
description: 10 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1702.07629
Self-reported medication adherence in older patients
Creators: name: Šesto, S.
name: Tadić, I.
name: Marinković, V.
name: Odalović, M.
name: Tasić Lj.
name: Brkić, J.
name: Fialova, D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Patient factor such as older age is one of the key factors that influence medication adherence. The number of people over 65 years of age is increasing in Serbia and thus the number of patients with chronic conditions which leads to increased number of medication used. The study about the medication use in Serbian patients over 65 years was a part of the European Union’s Horizon 2020 EuroAgeism project. The questionnaire used for this study was designed by the main research institution Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove. The study included 450 patients over 65 years. Patients were recruited by pharmacists and data were collected in community pharmacies in three cities located in geographically different regions in Serbia (150 patients from each city). The self-reported medication adherence was estimated as a percentage value, from 0% as non-adherent to 100% as total adherent patient. Most of the patients were female (59.1%) and was old in average 73.0 years (SD=6.9, Range: 65-93). The average number of prescribed medications was 5.0 (SD=2.7, Range:1-14, Med=5) and the most prevalent was cardiovascular disease (89.1%). The average value of self-reported medication adherence was 92.4% (SD=13.4). The most common reasons for non–adherence were forgetfulness (55.8%), fear of side effects/addiction because of taking too many medications (11.0%), high price (8.7%), and complexity of medication regimen (8.7%). Correlation between number of drugs and adherence value was positive, but not statistically significant (ρ=0.06, p>0.05). This study has confirmed that older patients tend to take multiple medications in a day. Even though our expectation was that more drugs would affect medication adherence, the correlation was not statistically significant. Since forgetfulness is the most common cause of non-adherence, community pharmacists should remind patients more about the proper medication use.
A Well-Behaved Population: The Chilean Scientific Researchers of the XXI Century and the International Regulation
Creators: name: Ramos-Zincke, Claudio
Publisher: name: Sociologica
Year: 2021

description: In Chile, since the beginning of the twenty-first century, the State’s scientific and higher education institutions (CONICYT, Fondecyt, National Quality Assurance System) and universities have established criteria and procedures for evaluating the scientific production that have consolidated an orientation of research activities towards the international mainstream, expressed mainly in journals indexed as WoS and Scopus, and also, for the social sciences, in those indexed as SciELO, although with less force. This configuration of national criteria and procedures articulated with international indexations can be considered a device for regulating the conduct of the scientific researchers population in the country. After a couple of decades in operation, the results show significant increases in scientific productivity, measured with such criteria of the global mainstream, which are notoriously superior to other Latin American countries. These data and a study on Chilean researchers, based on a probabilistic survey, show an internationalized population, fundamentally connected with the central countries, of Europe and the U.S.A., and only secondarily with others in the region. This is a population that self-regulates, with increasing effectiveness, its scientific activity according to the orientations of that regulation device: it is a “well behaved” population.
description: Sociologica, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021)
Additional file 1 of Spatially different annual cycles but similar haemosporidian infections in distant populations of collared sand martins
Creators: name: Hahn, Steffen
name: Briedis, Martins
name: Barboutis, Christos
name: Schmid, Raffaella
name: Schulze, Martin
name: Seifert, Nina
name: Szép, Tibor
name: Emmenegger, Tamara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary material Table 1. Information of four geolocator-tracked female Sand martins from Germany and Hungary. Details include capture and recapture dates, body masses as well as the timing of key events within the annual cycle. For details on methods see main text. All tracking data are available on https://www.movebank.org ; project #1292418712 (Germany) and project #1294793428 (Hungary).
Duroniella lucasii
Creators: name: Usmani, Mohammad Kamil
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Baissogryllidae
Duroniella
Duroniella lucasii

description: 32. Duroniella lucasii (I. Bolivar, 1881)
 Diagnosis: It can be identified by its light brown colour, lateral pronotal carinae with a pale line and narrow dark band which continues with the tegmina, and slightly ensiform antennae.
 Habitats: It frequents irrigated fields and appears to be feeding on alfalfa and other vegetations.
 Material examined: Al Shati region: Idri, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 13.iv.1996; Qirah, 1 ♂, on alfalfa, 12.xi.1996.
 Localities: Cyrenaica: Giarabub; Tripolitania: Ain Zara; Fezzan: Idri, Qirah.
 Distribution: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Moroccco, Tunisia, Guinea, Mouretania, Sahara, S.W. Asia.
 Remarks: This species was described from Algeria. It has been earlier reported from Libya by salfi (1929) and Capra (1929).
description: Published as part of Usmani, Mohammad Kamil, 2008, Studies on Acridoidea (Orthoptera) with some new records from Fezzan, Libya, pp. 1-41 in Zootaxa 1946 on page 31
Ground State Phase Transition in the S=1 Distorted Kagomé Heisenberg Antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Hida, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state phase transition in the distorted S=1 kagomé Heisenberg antiferromagnet (KHAF) is studied by means of the perturbational calculation and numerical exact diagonalization method. For strong $\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3}$ lattice distortion, the hexgonal singlet solid (HSS) ground state of the uniform KHAF is destroyed and new singlet state, large HSS (LHSS) state, which is globally different from the HSS state is realized. The quantum phase transition between these two singlet states is analogous to the Haldane-dimer transition in the S=1 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain. The presence of this transition supports the validity of the HSS picture of the ground state of the uniform S=1 KHAF.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
Sampling first-passage times of fractional Brownian Motion using adaptive bisections
Creators: name: Walter, Benjamin
name: Wiese, Kay Joerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an algorithm to efficiently sample first-passage times for fractional Brownian motion. To increase the resolution, an initial coarse lattice is successively refined close to the target, by adding exactly sampled midpoints, where the probability that they reach the target is non-negligible. Compared to a path of $N$ equally spaced points, the algorithm achieves the same numerical accuracy $N_{\rm eff}$, while sampling only a small fraction of all points. Though this induces a statistical error, the latter is bounded for each bridge, allowing us to bound the total error rate by a number of our choice, say $P_{\rm error}^{\rm tot}=10^{-6}$. This leads to significant improvements in both memory and speed. For $H=0.33$ and $N_{\rm eff}=2^{32}$, we need $5\,000$ times less CPU time and $10\, 000$ times less memory than the classical Davies Harte algorithm. The gain grows for $H=0.25$ and $N_{\rm eff} = 2^{42}$ to $3\cdot 10^{5}$ for CPU and $10^6$ for memory. We estimate our algorithmic complexity as ${\cal C}^{\rm ABSec}(N_{\rm eff}) = {\cal O}\left(\left( \ln N_{\rm eff}\right)^{3}\right)$, to be compared to Davies Harte which has complexity ${\cal C}^{\rm DH}(N) = {\cal O}\left(N \ln N \right)$. Decreasing $P_{\rm error}^{\rm tot}$ results in a small increase in complexity, proportional to $\ln (1/P_{\rm error}^{\rm tot})$. Our current implementation is limited to the values of $N_{\rm eff}$ given above, due to a loss of floating-point precision. The algorithm can be adapted to other extreme events and arbitrary Gaussian processes. It enables one to numerically validate theoretical predictions that were hitherto inaccessible.
description: 15 pages, 10 figues
Comment: Gendered impacts of fertilizer subsidy removal programs in Malawi and Cameroon
Creators: name: Smale, Melinda
name: Heisey, Paul W.
name: Smale, Melinda
name: Heisey, Paul W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: Gladwin's * * main contention is that women provide most of the agricultural labor in sub-Saharan Africa and because much of this labor is oriented to food production for home consumption, the effects of structural adjustment programs on them and the children they work to feed are likely to be different than on men who produce crops for commercial and export production. Her specific hypothesis for Malawi is that the removal of the fertilizer subsidy affects women farmers more than men farmers because it reduces fertilizer use on local maize. As part of the structural adjustment program, a major purpose of removing the fertilizer subsidy is to reallocate resources from food production for domestic consumption to cash crop production for export. In Gladwin's analysis, men farmers produce hybrid maize and tobacco for export and women produce the subsistence food crop, local maize. Gladwin's main contention is probably correct. For the Malawi case, the presentation does not support the hypothesis because two of the major underlying assumptions are inappropriate and the evidence provided is inconclusive. This comment proceeds by discussing the two assumptions and corresponding evidence. The purpose of this comment is not to contradict the hypothesis, but to clarify the Malawi situation and to suggest that a different analytical approach is needed in that context.
Sustaining growth in agriculture: a quantitative review of agricultural research investments
Creators: name: Anderson, Jock R.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Roseboom, Johannes
name: Anderson, Jock R.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Roseboom, Johannes
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Production Economics
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Growth in agriculture depends on many things but one of the most important is investment in agricultural research. Decision making in the agricultural research policy area can only be aided by access to better information. This article overviews a recent endeavor to move policy dialogue beyond merely qualitative impressions towards a process that is underpinned with new and cogent data. The data used have been assembled at ISNAR in a manner designed to make comparisons both over time and between countries more valid than has been the case in the past. The comparisons thus possible reveal considerable diversity both between countries and between broad regional aggregations. Also illuminated here are issues related to the commodity orientation, capital and labor intensity, and size and scope of particular national programs.
On the accretion luminosity of isolated neutron stars
Creators: name: Ikhsanov, Nazar R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accretion process onto a magnetized isolated neutron star, which captures material from the interstellar medium, is discussed. The evolutionary track of such a star can be presented as a sequence of four states: ejector, supersonic propeller, subsonic propeller, and steady accretor. I show that subsonic propeller - accretor transition does not occur as long as the magnetic field of the star is strong enough to control the accretion flow in the stellar vicinity. During the subsonic propeller state the accretion rate onto the stellar surface is limited to the rate of plasma diffusion into its magnetosphere. The diffusion rate is at least three orders of magnitude smaller than the maximum possible mass capture rate by the star. Therefore, the expected accretion luminosity of magnetized isolated neutron stars is at least three orders of magnitude smaller than that previously evaluated.
description: 4 pages, accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 1 of Developing targeted client communication messages to pregnant women in Bangladesh: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Pervin, Jesmin
name: Bidhan Krishna Sarker
name: U. Tin Nu
name: Khatun, Fatema
name: A. M. Quaiyum Rahman
name: Mahima Venkateswaran
name: Anisur Rahman
name: J. Frederik Frøen
name: Friberg, Ingrid K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. In-depth interview guides.