cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Method of multiple internal reflections in description of nuclear alpha-decay
Creators: name: Maydanyuk, Sergei P.
name: Olkhovsky, Vladislav S.
name: Belchikov, Sergei V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A spatial-time method of description of alpha-decay of a nucleus is presented. The method is based on the quantum mechanical model of the alpha-decay of a compound nuclear system with the barrier. alpha-decay dynamics is described on the basis of multiple internal reflections of wave packets from boundaries of the decay barrier. The method allows to study this process in details at any time moment or point of space. According to the method, some time before the time moment of the nuclear decay the nucleus makes oscilations. In the calculations of the time duration of the alpha-decay of the compound nucleus we propose to take into account the time durations of these oscillations. The method of the multiple internal reflections allows to calculate the time of such oscillations before the alpha-decay and the total alpha-decay time.
description: 7 pages, no figures, Standard LaTeX v.2e. Corrections of LaTeX style (a little)
title: The National Library of Wales and National Identity, c.1840-1916
Creators: name: Williams, Calista
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2017

description: This thesis evaluates the National Library of Wales (NLW) from conception to realisation. It adds to the limited existing work on the library by positioning it within the political and cultural environment from which it emerged, posing new questions about its relationship with Welsh national identity. Although there is some work which looks at national identity in relation to national library projects, nothing of this type and depth has been done before, and not in relation to Wales. The first section investigates the early calls for a NLW and explores why the campaign made significant progress from the 1890s. The focus then shifts to an interrogation of the British government’s decision to locate the library in Aberystwyth, challenging the important role previously assigned to the campaign group’s application. Chapter three analyses the library building fund’s subscription drive and argues that the campaign was not the result of a mass movement, but orchestrated by a group of elites. It evaluates the decision made by the library campaign committee to evoke momentary patriotic sympathies among potential subscribers, rather than extolling the virtues of the library as a long-term educational resource. Chapter four is an analysis of the library’s buying policy and argues that an overrepresentation from key academic disciplines on the committees may have created a bias towards certain subjects. The final chapter compares this vision with how the library’s services were utilised by three user groups: reading room users, tutorial class attendees and Ruhleben camp internees. Reading room usage generally concurred with the founders’ overall vision for the library. In contrast, remote users attending tutorial classes were given the opportunity to curate their own reading which resulted in a more wide-ranging collection. The thesis concludes with an assessment of the library’s development and role as a key element of Welsh nation-building at the beginning of the twentieth century.
Universality Class around the SU(3) Symmetric Point of the Dimer-Trimer Spin-1 Chain
Creators: name: Mashiko, Tohru
name: Moriya, Shunji
name: Nomura, Kiyohide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study critical phenomena of the SU(3) symmetric spin-1 chains when adding the SU(3) asymmetric term. To investigate such system, we numerically diagonalize the Dimer-Trimer (DT) model Hamiltonian around the SU(3) symmetric point, named the pure trimer (PT) point. We analyze our numerical results with the conformal field theory (CFT). First of all, we discover soft modes at the wave number q = 0 and q = 2π/3 for the PT point, and then the system is critical. Secondly, we find that the system at the PT point belongs to the CFT with the central charge c = 2 and the scaling dimension x = 2/3. Finally, by investigating the eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian in the vicinity of the PT point, we find that there is a phase transition at the PT point from a massive phase to a massless phase. From these numerical results, the phase transition at the PT point belongs to the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT)-like universality class that is explained by the level-1 SU(3) Wess-Zumino-Witten (SU(3) 1 WZW) model.
AZ ÖKOLÁBNYOM ÉS EGYÉB FENNTARTHATÓSÁGI INDIKÁTOROK MÉRÉSI TARTOMÁNYÁNAK ÉRTELMEZÉSE
Creators: name: Szigeti, Cecília
name: Szigeti, Cecília
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: alternatív indikátorok
subject: GDP
subject: HPI (Boldog Bolygó Index)
subject: Latin-Amerika
subject: LES
subject: alternative indicators
subject: HPI (Happy Planet Index)
subject: Latin America

description: Kutatásunk célkitűzése az alternatív kompozit indikátorok alkalmazási lehetőségeinek és ezek határainak vizsgálata. Milyen kapcsolatban vannak egymással és mennyiben képesek helyettesíteni a GDP-t, milyen tanulságok fogalmazhatóak meg. Kutatásunk alapkérdése, hogy lehetséges-e az országokat egyértelműen csoportosítani az alternatív indikátorok értékei alapján. Jelenlegi tanulmányunkban három kompozit indikátor (HDI, HPI, EPI) és az ökológiai lábnyom, valamint a GDP alakulását vizsgáltuk. A mutatók között páronkénti lineáris kapcsolatot tártunk fel, a Pearson-féle korrelációs index értékeit korrelációs mátrixban tüntettük fel. Elemzésünk alapján két olyan mutató van, amely egymástól és a GDP-től is független, a HPI és az EPI. Az országok csoportba sorolását klaszter analízis segítségével végeztük. A létrehozott háromklaszteres modell elemzése alapján meghatároztunk egy sajátos latin-amerikai fejlődési utat és ennek hasznosítható tapasztalatait Magyarország számára. ------------------------------------------------------- The target of our study is to examine the possibilities as well as the limitations of the application alternative composite indicators. Our study focuses on what kind of relations the indicators are in; to what extent they can substitute the GDP and what kind of morals can be indicated for Hungary. The basic question of our research is how possible is to group countries clearly based on the values of alternative indicators. In this study three composite indicators (HDI, HPI, EPI) and the ecological footprint and GDP trends were examined. In the first phase of our research, we revealed that these indicators could be observed in pairs to linear relationship; the Pearson’s correlation index values are shown in the correlation matrix. Based on our analysis, these two indicators are independent from each other and also independent from the GDP; these are the HPI and the EPI. The classification of countries was performed using cluster analysis. Based on the three-cluster model, a specific path of development was determined in Latin America, which proves a useful experience for Hungary.
„AZ ÁLOMBÓL VALÓSÁG LESZ” – ÖSSZEFOGÁSRA ÉPÜLŐ FEJLESZTÉSI LEHETŐSÉGEK TOLD KÖZSÉGBEN
Creators: name: Fazekas, Anett
name: Kelemen, Dávid
name: Salya, Nóra
name: Fazekas, Anett
name: Kelemen, Dávid
name: Salya, Nóra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: összefogás
subject: szemléletváltás
subject: önfenntartás
subject: collaboration
subject: change of attitude
subject: self-supporting

description: Told egy halmozottan hátrányos Hajdú-Bihar megyei település a Berettyóújfalui kistérségben. Földrajzi fekvéséből, valamint társadalmi, gazdasági és fejlettségbeli különbségeiből adódóan magában hordozza az ezekkel járó komplex problémákat. Az eddigi sikertelen fejlesztési programok mellett azonban megjelentek azok a helyi kezdeményezések, amelyek változtatni kívánnak ezen a helyzeten. Ennek végrehajtásában és koordinálásában segít az Igazgyöngy Alapítvány. A cikkben az Alapítvány által megalakított „Toldi-modell” kerül bemutatásra, mely összefogáson, szemléletváltáson alapul és legfőbb célja a társadalmi és szociális különbségek mérséklése, az önfenntartás lehetőségének megteremtése. Ezek egyik eszközét jelenti a biomassza program, amely a mezőgazdasági és egyéb hulladékok felhasználásával képes biztosítani a programban résztvevők számára a téli tüzelőt, így kiváltva a tűzifát. A helyi adottságokra adaptált technológia már bevált módszert jelent számos fejlődő országban. Emellett a helyi gyerekek által rajzolt motívumok felhasználásával kézműves termékeket állítanak elő hálózatos formában. Az önfenntartó kiskertek gondolata pedig kiegészíti mindezt, mellyel a hasznosítatlan földterületeket kívánják művelni és az önellátást előmozdítani. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Told is an extremely backward village in Hajdú-Bihar county in the Berettyóújfalui microregion. The complex problems have been arising from its geographical location and from its social-economic underdevelopment. Local initiatives appeared after the previous unsuccessful development programs trying to change the situation of the settlement. The Igazgyöngy Foundation helps to realize and coordinate these steps. Current paper introduces the so-called ‘Model of Told’ established by the Foundation that is based on the collaboration and on the change of attitude in order to decrease social disparities and to create the possibility of self-supporting. One of the tools is the biomass program that utilizes the agricultural and other wastes to ensure fuel to the participants substituting the fire wood. The technology adapted to the local conditions is not a new method as it has already been successful in several developing countries. Besides of this handicraft products are made by a network of workers using the motives from drawings of local child. The idea of self-supporting gardens complements the listed programs in which the uncultivated areas are utilized to encourage self-sufficiency.
Appendix to paper: A geometric level-set formulation of a plasma-sheath interface
Creators: name: Feldman, Mikhail
name: Ha, Seung-Yeal
name: Slemrod, Marshall
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q99

description: In this paper, we present appendices employed in the paper "A geometric level-set formulation of a plasma-sheath interface" by the authors.
Comparison of three essential sub-micrometer aerosol measurements: Mass, size and shape
Creators: name: Yao, Qi
name: Akua Asa-Awuku
name: Zangmeister, Christopher D.
name: Radney, James G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: An instrumental trifecta now exists for aerosol separation and classification by aerodynamic diameter (Dae), mobility diameter (Dm) and mass (m) utilizing an aerodynamic aerosol classifier (AAC), differential mobility analyzer (DMA) and aerosol particle mass analyzer (APM), respectively. In principle, any combination of two measurements yields the third. These quantities also allow for the derivation of the particle effective density (ρeff) and dynamic shape factor (χ). Measured and/or derived deviations between tandem measurements are dependent upon the configuration but are generally <10%. Notably, nonphysical values of χ (<1) and ρeff (>bulk) were determined by the AAC-APM. Harmonization of the results requires the use of χ in the determination of m and Dm from the AAC-DMA and AAC-APM requiring either a priori assumptions or determination from another method. Further errors can arise from assuming instead of measuring physical conditions – e.g., temperature and pressure affect the gas viscosity, mean free path and the Cunningham slip correction factor therefore impacting Dm and Dae – but are expected to have a smaller impact than χ. Utilizing this triplet of instrumentation in combination allows for quantitative determination of χ and the particle density (ρp). If the bulk density is known or assumed, then the packing density can be determined. The χ and ρp were determined to be 1.10 ± 0.03 and (1.00 ± 0.02) g cm−3, respectively, for a water stabilized black carbon mimic that resembles aged (collapsed) soot in the atmosphere. Assuming ρbulk = 1.8 g cm−3, a packing density of 0.55 ± 0.02 is obtained. Copyright © 2020 American Association for Aerosol Research
Verzeichnis der Musikalien zum Nachlass Karl Theo Wagner
Creators: name: Zentral- und Hochschulbibliothek Luzern
Publisher: name: Zentral- und Hochschulbibliothek Luzern
Year: 2024
Subjects: Nachlass
Wagner, Karl Theo

description: Verzeichnis der Musikalien zum Nachlass Karl Theo Wagner
Der Nachlass umfasst Kompositionen
Die Kompositionen wurden der ZHB durch Armin Neff, Kastanienbaum als Geschenk übergeben
Umfang: 0.1 Lfm
description: Standort: [ZHB] Sempacherstrasse / Luzern (Tresor BB), Signatur: Ms.N.123
Characterization of regulatory T cells induced by toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 and their potential application in acute graft-versus-host disease
Creators: name: Li, Haowei
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Repeated administration of a bacterial superantigen, toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), has been shown to induce CD4+ regulatory T cells in mice. However, it is not clear if the characteristics of TSST-1-induced Tregs differ from those of Tregs induced by other bacterial superantigens, such as staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA). The mechanisms of T TSST-1-induced Tregs are also not well characterized. Because in experimental settings Tregs can be used to effectively treat multiple diseases, the potential application of TSST-1-induced Tregs also needs to be determined. In this study, a side-by-side comparative study of Tregs induced by TSST-1 and SEA was conducted. Results showed that TSST-1-induced Tregs were different from those induced by SEA in suppressive function, cytokine profile and proliferative ability. Remarkably, TSST-1-induced Tregs were more potent than SEA-induced Tregs in suppressive activities and proliferative ability in vitro. The possible mechanism of TSST-1-induced Tregs was then investigated. TSST-1-induced Tregs did not induce death of target cells, inhibit the activation of target cells, or cause their target cells to acquire regulatory functions. Supernatants from TSST-1-induced Tregs were not suppressive and blockade of IL-10 by a monoclonal antibody did not reverse the suppression. In contrast, cell contact with target cells was required. In addition, TSST-1-induced Tregs were able to compete with their target cells for IL-2. Finally, the potential therapeutic application of TSST-1-induced Tregs was examined by determining their ability to control acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) in a murine model. Data showed that TSST-1-induced Tregs were able to mediate bystander suppression of aGVHD following re-activation upon administration of TSST-1 post transplant. The Tregs inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines triggered by alloresponses, but neither affected the engraftment or expansion of donor T cells nor enhanced the elimination of host APCs. Blockade of IL-10 by in vivo administration of a monoclonal antibody did not reverse the suppression. Finally, although TSST-1-induced Tregs attenuated aGVHD, graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effects were preserved, suggesting that these cells differentially regulate aGVHD versus GVT effects.
Implications of Charmless B Decays with Large Direct CP Violation
Creators: name: Wu, Yue-Liang
name: Zhou, Yu-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the most recent data in charmless B decays including the very recently reported large direct CP violations, it is shown that the weak phase gamma can well be extracted without two-fold ambiguity even only from two decay modes pi^+pi^- and pi^+K^-, and its value is remarkably consistent with the global standard model fit at a compatible accuracy. A fit to all the pi pi, pi K data favor both large electroweak penguin and color-suppressed tree amplitude with large strong phases. It is demonstrated that the inclusion of small SU(3)symmetry breaking effects of strong phases and the inelastic rescattering effects can well improve the consistency of the data, while both effects may not be sufficient to arrive at a small electroweak penguin amplitude in the standard model. It is of interest to notice that large or small electroweak penguin amplitude becomes a testable prediction as they lead to significantly different predictions for the direct CP violations for pi^0 pi^0, pi^0 K^0 modes. Clearly, precise measurements on charmless B decays will provide a window for probing new physics.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, results updated with the latest data. conclusions unchanged. Refence added. published version
Generalization of Machine Learning for Problem Reduction: A Case Study on Travelling Salesman Problems
Creators: name: Sun, Yuan
name: Ernst, Andreas
name: Li, Xiaodong
name: Weiner, Jake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Combinatorial optimization plays an important role in real-world problem solving. In the big data era, the dimensionality of a combinatorial optimization problem is usually very large, which poses a significant challenge to existing solution methods. In this paper, we examine the generalization capability of a machine learning model for problem reduction on the classic travelling salesman problems (TSP). We demonstrate that our method can greedily remove decision variables from an optimization problem that are predicted not to be part of an optimal solution. More specifically, we investigate our model's capability to generalize on test instances that have not been seen during the training phase. We consider three scenarios where training and test instances are different in terms of: 1) problem characteristics; 2) problem sizes; and 3) problem types. Our experiments show that this machine learning based technique can generalize reasonably well over a wide range of TSP test instances with different characteristics or sizes. While the accuracy of predicting unused variables naturally deteriorates as a test instance is further away from the training set, we observe that even when tested on a different TSP problem variant, the machine learning model still makes useful predictions about which variables can be eliminated without significantly impacting solution quality.
description: Published as a regular article at OR Spectrum (https://rdcu.be/b6ECv)
Un Manifesto economico per i paesi del Golfo Persico esportatori di petrolio(An Economic Manifesto for the Oil Exporting Countries of the Persian Gulf)
Creators: name: Askari, Hossein
name: Abbas, Faranghees
name: Jabbour, George
name: Kwon, Dohee
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Gas; Oil
subject: O13, O53, Q48

description: The oil-exporting countries of the Persian Gulf have failed economically and socially. It is time for a radical new approach to managing oil revenues while oil and gas reserves last. We propose an approach to cut the level of oil revenues available to governments to zero while incorporating a formal "Oil Fund for All Generations". Others have proposed and implemented oil funds but in our proposal the government would (in time) lose all access to oil revenues; by taking easy money away from governments and rulers, waste, corruption, military expenditures and wars will be reduced, there will be better chance of adopting and implementing rational economic policies, and equity across generations may be enhanced. Hope may be slowly restored to a region that has lost hope. I paesi del Golfo Persico esportatori di petrolio hanno fallito dal punto di vista economico e sociale. È tempo di adottare un approccio radicalmente nuovo alla gestione dei ricavi petroliferi finché vi sono ancora riserve di petrolio e di gas. Noi proponiamo un approccio finalizzato ad azzerare il livello dei ricavi disponibili per i governi, istituendo allo stesso tempo un formale “Fondo petrolifero per tutte le generazioni”. Fondi petroliferi sono stati ipotizzati e realizzati anche da altri, ma nella nostra proposta il governo perderebbe (col tempo) qualunque accesso ai ricavi petroliferi; sottraendo denaro facile ai governi e ai sovrani, la probabilità di sprechi, corruzione e guerre risulterebbe ridotta, e vi sarebbe maggiore possibilità di adottare e mettere in pratica politiche economiche razionali finalizzate ad accrescere l’equità tra le generazioni. JEL Codes: O13, O53, Q48 Keywords: Gas; Oil
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 59, N. 236 (2006)
Tassi di cambio fluttuanti, deprezzamento valutario e domanda effettiva: un commento (Floating exchange rates, currency depreciation and effective demand: a review)
Creators: name: Sarcinelli, Mario
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: tasso di cambio, equilibrio di piena occupazione, banca centrale,
subject: F33;F41

description: Concordo certamente con gli autori sul punto principale, cioè che i tassi di cambio flessibili non danno luogo a un aggiustamento automatico che riporta all’equilibrio di piena occupazione. Ciò che vorrei sostenere è che i cambi flessibili, nondimeno, possono essere più vantaggiosi di quelli fissi e che la gestione del tasso di cambio per il conseguimento di obiettivi di politica economica interni, sebbene utile in alcune circostanze, non dovrebbe diventare la regola in un mondo in cui eventi finanziari influiscono di frequente sulle variabili reali. A mio avviso, l’intervento sul mercato dei cambi da parte della banca centrale dovrebbe avere una scarsa frequenza ed essere usato come segnale per bloccare una tendenza all’ingiù o all’insù, il che ovviamente richiede cooperazione e sostegno da parte di altre banche centrali. Quanto alle misure compatibili col mercato relative ai movimenti di capitale, il ricorso a esse dovrebbe essere ancora più cauto. Comunque, una gestione per (rara) eccezione del tasso di cambio è certamente possibile. I certainly agree with the authors on the main point, which is that flexible exchange rates do not result in an automatic adjustment that brings equilibrium with full employment. What I would argue is that flexible exchange rates, however, may be more advantageous than those fixed and that the management of the exchange rate to achieve domestic policy objectives, although useful in some circumstances, it should become the norm in a world in which financial events affect frequently on real variables. In my view, the intervention on the foreign exchange market by the central bank should have a low frequency and used as a signal to prevent upward or downward trend, which of course requires the cooperation and support from other banks central. With regard to the measures compatible with the market on the movement of capital, the use of them should be even more cautious. However, a management for (rare) exception of the exchange rate is certainly possible. JEL Codes: F33;F41 Keywords: tasso di cambio, equilibrio di piena occupazione, banca centrale,
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 59, N. 236 (2006)
Politica bancaria e sviluppo economico: rileggendo l'era menichelliana e quella attuale (Banking policy and economic development: re-reading the menichellian era and the present)
Creators: name: Sarcinelli, Mario
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: tasso di crescita, commercio internazionale, politica monetaria, politica bancaria, era menichelliana
subject: B31, E65, N14, O10

description: Il basso tasso di crescita dell’Italia, anche nel contesto internazionale ed europeo, ha spinto a confrontare gli anni ’50 con gli ultimi dieci o quindici. Dall’analisi emerge che, se si esclude l’iniziale liberalizzazione del commercio internazionale, il periodo che vide la più vigorosa crescita dell’Italia fu caratterizzato dall’economia mista, da monopoli pubblici e posizioni private dominanti, da una politica monetaria e bancaria basata su controlli diretti ed esercizi di persuasione morale individuale, tutte condizioni oggi ritenute sfavorevoli alla crescita. Al contrario, nella fase attuale l’enfasi è stata sul modello di economia liberale, con liberalizzazioni, privatizzazioni di imprese produttive e di banche, politiche incentrate sugli incentivi e sul mercato. Purtroppo, la scienza economica non ha ancora trovato il paradigma generale che spiega la ricchezza delle nazioni a prescindere dal contesto e dagli uomini che lo animano. The low growth rate of Italy, also in international and European context, has led to compare the 50s with the last ten or fifteen. The analysis shows that, apart from the initial liberalization of international trade, the period that saw the most vigorous growth in Italy was characterized from a mixed economy, with public monopolies and dominant positions private, from a monetary and banking policy based of direct controls and exercises of individual moral suasion, all conditions previously deemed unfavorable to growth. On the contrary, at this stage the emphasis was on the model of liberal economy, with liberalization, privatization of productive enterprises and banks, policies based on incentives and market. Unfortunately, the economic science has not yet found a general paradigm that explains the wealth of nations regardless of the context and the men who animate it. JEL Codes: B31, E65, N14, O10 Keywords: tasso di crescita, commercio internazionale, politica monetaria, politica bancaria, era menichelliana
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 58, N. 229 (2005)
Prevalencia de Diabetes Mellitus y factores de riesgo en mayores de 20 años de las cabeceras departamentales de Nicaragua.
Creators: name: Arauz Lazo, Irma
name: Delgado Arauz, Yaraceli
name: Delgado Tellez, Edgar
name: Arauz Lazo, Irma
name: Delgado Arauz, Yaraceli
name: Delgado Tellez, Edgar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Diabetes Mellitus
subject: Prevalencia
subject: Factores de Riesgo
subject: Nicaragua

description: El estudio se centró en determinar la prevalencia de Diabetes Mellitus en mayores de 20 años en el área urbana de Nicaragua. Se seleccionó la población mayor de 20 años, utilizando la proyección del censo de 2010 en las cabeceras del norte, centro y pacíco de Nicaragua. La Costa Caribe fue excluida por problemas de factibilidad. Las cabeceras seleccionadas fueron escogidas al azar, estrati cando los sectores de cada cabecera para la selección de la población, la que una vez denido los lugares los participantes fueron seleccionados al azar usando el método de lotería. El cálculo del tamaño de la muestra fue hecho usando el Programa Epidemiológico EPIINFO versión 6.04, usando una frecuencia de 0.5, un máximo error permisible de 3% y un intervalo de con anza del 95%, siendo multiplicado el total muestreado por dos para evitar el error por el efecto de diseño. Al nal se entrevistaron un total de 3150 encuestas a los que se les preguntó por datos generales, datos sobre factores de riesgo de Diabetes Mellitus y una medición de variables biológicos (Presión arterial, frecuencia cardiaca, pulso, peso, talla, cintura, cadera y la medición de la glicemia ya fuese en ayunas o glicemia casual) Los resultados evidencian la prevalencia fue de 9.5%; 6.1% resultaron ser prediabéticos y 84.4% al momento de hacer la encuesta no padecían de la enfermedad. Hubo un predominio de Diabetes en el sexo masculino con 12.9% y en el sexo femenino se encontró una prevalencia de 7.4%. Por grupos etáreos predominó en la mayoría de 40 años. De los 300 diabéticos encontrados en el estudio, 171 (57%) sabían que eran diabéticos y 129 (43%) desconocían que padecían de la enfermedad. Los principales factores de riesgo encontrados fueron: la edad mayor de 45 años (OR:5.5; IC : 4.2-7.2), para las mujeres la 95% historia de Diabetes gestacional (OR:4.5; IC : 1.7-11.7), hipertensión arterial (OR:4.0; IC : 3.1-5.1), sedentarismo (OR:3.1; 95% 95% IC : 2.4-4.1), obesidad (OR:2.7; IC : 2.0-3.7), e historia familiar de Diabetes (OR:2.0; IC95%: 1.6-2.6). 95% 95% En conclusión, la Diabetes Mellitus constituye un problema importante para la salud pública para la población nicaragüense y que en países con pocos recursos la prevención debe ir orientada a cambiar factores de riesgo modi-cables como sedentarismo y obesidad en la población y la promoción de estilos de vida saludables.
Optimal control of time-dependent targets
Creators: name: Serban, I.
name: Werschnik, J.
name: Gross, E. K. U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate how and to which extent a quantum system can be driven along a prescribed path in Hilbert space by a suitably shaped laser pulse. To calculate the optimal, i.e., the variationally best pulse, a properly defined functional is maximized. This leads to a monotonically convergent algorithm which is computationally not more expensive than the standard optimal-control techniques to push a system, without specifying the path, from a given initial to a given final state. The method is successfully applied to drive the time-dependent density along a given trajectory in real space and to control the time-dependent occupation numbers of a two-level system and of a one-dimensional model for the hydrogen atom.
description: less typos
Un modello econometrico per il credito bancario alle famiglie in Italia (An econometric model for bank lending to households in Italy)
Creators: name: Casolaro, Luca
name: Gambacorta, Leonardo
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: credito bancario, famiglie, prestiti, modello econometrico
subject: D12, G21

description: Questo lavoro presenta la stima di un modello econometrico per il credito bancario alle famiglie in Italia nel periodo 1984-2003. Il modello si compone di due equazioni: prestiti per l’acquisto di abitazioni e altri prestiti alle famiglie (tipicamente credito al consumo e finanziamenti in conto corrente). Entrambe le equazioni evidenziano uno stretto legame con l’andamento congiunturale dell’economia e il livello dei tassi di interesse reali; i mutui alle famiglie sono influenzati anche dalla dinamica del mercato immobiliare e di quello azionario. Il lavoro verifica l’esistenza di cambiamenti strutturali nelle equazioni in relazione alle trasformazioni intervenute nel mercato del credito nella seconda parte degli anni novanta e scompone il contributo alla crescita del credito alle famiglie tra i diversi fattori. This paper presents the estimation of an econometric model for bank lending to households in Italy in the period 1984-2003. The model consists of two equations: loans for house purchase and other loans to households (typically consumer credit and loans in the current account). Both equations show a close relationship with the economic trend and the level of real interest rates; household mortgages are also influenced by the dynamics of the housing market and the equity market. The work verifies the existence of structural changes in the equations in relation to the changes occurred in the credit market in the second half of the nineties and breaks down the contribution to growth in lending to households between the different factors. JEL Codes: D12, G21 Keywords: credito bancario, famiglie, prestiti, modello econometrico
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 58, N. 229 (2005)
Hyperbolic Kac-Moody superalgebras
Creators: name: Frappat, L.
name: Sciarrino, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B65; 17B67

description: We present a classification of the hyperbolic Kac-Moody (HKM) superalgebras. The HKM superalgebras of rank larger or equal than 3 are finite in number (213) and limited in rank (6). The Dynkin-Kac diagrams and the corresponding simple root systems are determined. We also discuss a class of singular sub(super)algebras obtained by a folding procedure.
Taking EGSnrc to new lows: Development of egs++ lattice geometry and testing with microscopic
Creators: name: Martinov, Martin P.
name: Thomson, Rowan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: This work introduces a new lattice geometry library, egs_lattice, into the EGSnrc Monte Carlo code, which can be used for both modeling very large (previously unfeasible) quantities of geometries and establishing recursive boundary conditions. The reliability of egs_lattice, as well as EGSnrc in general, is cross-validated and tested. Methods: New Bravais, cubic, and hexagonal lattice geometries are defined in egs_lattice and their transport algorithms are described. Simulations of cells and Gold NanoParticle (GNP) containing cavities are implemented to compare to published Geant4-DNA and PENELOPE results. Recursive boundary conditions, implemented through a cubic lattice, are used to perform electron Fano cavity tests. Results: Lattices are successfully implemented in EGSnrc. EGSnrc calculated doses to cell cytoplasm and nucleus when irradiated by an internal electron source with a median difference of 0.6% compared to Geant4-DNA. EGSnrc calculated the ratio of dose to a microscopic cavity containing GNPs over dose to a cavity containing a homogeneous mixture of gold, and results generally agree (within 1%) with PENELOPE. The Fano test is passed (sub-0.1%) for all energies/ cells considered. Additionally, the recursive boundary conditions used for the Fano test provided a factor of over a million increase in efficiency in some cases. Conclusions: The egs_lattice geometry library, currently available as a pull request on the EGSnrc GitHub develop branch, is now freely accessible as open-source code. Lattice geometry implementations cross-validated with independent simulations in other MC codes and verified with the electron Fano cavity test demonstrate not only the reliability of egs_lattice, but, by extension, EGSnrc's ability to simulate transport in nanometer geometries and score in microscopic cavities.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Microfinanza: analisi d’impatto di un programma in India (Microfinance: Impact Analysis of a Programme in India)
Creators: name: Rondinella, Tommaso
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Microfinance; Poverty
subject: G21, J16, I32, O12, R20

description: Impact analysis of microfinance programmes is a useful tool both for improving the offered services and for guaranteeing donors that the money granted are used for programmes effective in poverty reduction. The present paper is constituted of two parts: the first is dedicated to impact analysis, the second to the empirical analysis on the field. The survey has been carried out using a tool able to give a clear indication of changes happened in recipients' life conditions and with the merit of being a low cost tool. Results show in what measure access to credit may change life conditions of the poorest driving to important increases in household income, savings, diversification of income generating activities and food consumption. Furthermore, an increase in female empowerment clearly dependent on the participation to microfinance programme is observed. JEL Codes: G21, J16, I32, O12, R20 Keywords: Microfinance; Poverty
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 58, N. 229 (2005)
Apertura lavori
Creators: name: Conso, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Franco Modigliani, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei
subject: E0

description: A poco più di un anno dalla scomparsa di Franco Modigliani, l’Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei ha ritenuto doveroso dedicare, di intesa con la Banca d’Italia e il suo Governatore, a questo suo socio di fama mondiale un Convegno internazionale. JEL Codes: E0 Keywords: Franco Modigliani, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei
description: Moneta e Credito, vol. 58 nn. 230-231 (2005)
Evaluación de la homogeneidad de la muestra y estudio intralaboratorio de la precisión intermedia en la determinación de aflatoxinas en maní de exportación
Creators: name: Delgado, Gustavo
name: Hernandez, Norma
name: Moreno, Cecilia
name: Grillo, Sergio
name: Meza, Massiel
name: Mendez, Leticia
name: Rojas, Abad
name: Delgado, Gustavo
name: Hernandez, Norma
name: Moreno, Cecilia
name: Grillo, Sergio
name: Meza, Massiel
name: Mendez, Leticia
name: Rojas, Abad
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Homogeneidad
subject: aflatoxinas en maní por HPLC
subject: repetibilidad
subject: precisión intermedia

description: En el presente trabajo se ha aplicado el diseño experimental factorial piramidal para evaluar la homogeneidad en el contenido de aflatoxinas en muestras de maní de exportación, utilizando como técnica de medición analítica la cromatografía líquida de alto desempeño con detector de fluorescencia (HPLC-FLD). Este diseño permitió evaluar la precisión del método de ensayo y se comparó con valores de referencia del Codex Alimentario. En primer lugar, la muestra del lote se dividió en 3 submuestras, las cuales fueron tratadas independientemente, tomando en cuenta el instrumento de medición, el analista, y diferentes porciones de ensayo. Al aplicar el análisis de varianza de 4 factores, se demostró que el contenido de aflatoxinas en el lote de maní en estudio está distribuido en forma heterogénea. A cada submuestra, se aplicó un diseño ANOVA 3F y se evaluó la precisión del método mediante el cálculo de las desviaciones estándares relativas de repetibilidad (RSDr) y de reproducibilidad intralaboratorio (RSDLab), encontrándose que, a pesar de algunas diferencias en el análisis de varianza, los valores de RSD son menores que los establecidos en el Codex. Esto significa que el método de ensayo utilizado cumple con la conformidad de los parámetros de precisión establecidos en normas internacionales.
The role of the insulin-like growth factor signaling axis in ETV6-NTRK3- mediated anchorage-independent growth and transformation
Creators: name: Martin, Matthew Joseph
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The insulin-like growth factor signaling axis is an important regulator of normal cell growth and proliferation, and is frequently dysregulated in cancer. Most dominantly acting oncoproteins tested to date require the type-1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) for cellular transformation. ETV6-NTRK3 (EN) - the product of a t(12;15)(p13;q25) translocation that occurs in human pediatric spindle cell sarcomas and secretory breast carcinoma - is one such protein, as it fails to transform IGF-IR-null fibroblasts. EN binds and tyrosine phosphorylates the insulin-receptor substrate (IRS)-1, a major substrate of IGF-IR, which links EN to activation of the PI3K/Akt survival pathway and the Ras/Erk proliferative cascade. Here we show that EN specifically interacts with the phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain of IRS-1, and in the absence of IRS-1 can bind its closely related homolog IRS-2. Disruption of these EN«IRS interactions through overexpression of the IRS-1 PTB domain, or depleting the cell of IRS-1 and IRS-2 together, inhibit EN-induced anchorage-independent growth. Further, we find that IGF-IR, through its ability to bind IRS molecules, serves to localize EN to the plasma membrane, which leads to acivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Nontransformed IGF-IR-null fibroblasts fail to activate this pathway in response to EN expression when plated under anchorage-indpendent conditions, and undergo detachment-induced cell death. Chemical inhibition of PI3K, or its downstream effector mTOR, significantly impairs EN-mediated transformation. Finally, I demonstrate that EN expression induces the ligand-independent tyrosine phosphorylation of IGF-IR. Both IGF-IR IRS-binding and kinase activity are required for this phenomenon, and IGF-IR mutants lacking either function do not display EN-mediated PI3K/Akt activation or subsequent oncogenesis. These observations point to EN as a regulator of a novel multicomponent membrane-localized signaling complex which potently stimulates the PI3K/Akt survival cascade, and they suggest that blocking the formation or activity of this complex would be a promising way to target EN-expressing tumors in vivo.
Analytic solutions for neutrino-light curves of core-collapse supernovae
Creators: name: Suwa, Yudai
name: Harada, Akira
name: Nakazato, Ken'ichiro
name: Sumiyoshi, Kohsuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrinos are a guaranteed signal from supernova explosions in the Milky Way, and a most valuable messenger that can provide us with information about the deepest parts of supernovae. In particular, neutrinos will provide us with physical quantities, such as the radius and mass of protoneutron stars (PNS), which are the central engine of supernovae. This requires a theoretical model that connects observables such as neutrino luminosity and average energy with physical quantities. Here, we show analytic solutions for the neutrino-light curve derived from the neutrino radiation transport equation by employing the diffusion approximation and the analytic density solution of the hydrostatic equation for a PNS. The neutrino luminosity and the average energy as functions of time are explicitly presented, with dependence on PNS mass, radius, the total energy of neutrinos, surface density, and opacity. The analytic solutions provide good representations of the numerical models from a few seconds after the explosion and allow a rough estimate of these physical quantities to be made from observational data.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, matched to published version
Franco: una mente mai ferma (Franco: a mind never stops)
Creators: name: Samuelson, Paul A.
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Franco Modigliani, Alfred Marshall, Vilfredo Pareto, verifiche empiriche, ciclo vitale, Keynes, disoccupazione
subject: A11, B31, C1, C53, D0, E2, E3, E6

description: In questo articolo l’autore racconta alcune affettuose memorie di Franco Modigliani. Per profondità, ampiezza, originalità e umana saggezza Modigliani ha guadagnato nella classifica degli studiosi il posto più elevato del XX secolo. Grande italiano, grande economista americano, Franco è stato anche uno dei maggiori economisti mondiali. I suoi studenti e collaboratori superano numericamente quelli di Alfred Marshall e Vilfredo Pareto. In this article the author recounts some fond memories of Franco Modigliani. For depth, breadth, originality and human wisdom, Modigliani gained in the ranking of scholars, the highest place of the twentieth century. Great Italian, great American economist, Franco was also one of the leading economists in the world. His students and employees outnumber those of Alfred Marshall and Vilfredo Pareto. JEL Codes: A11, B31, C1, C53, D0, E2, E3, E6 Keywords: Franco Modigliani, Alfred Marshall, Vilfredo Pareto, verifiche empiriche, ciclo vitale, Keynes, disoccupazione
description: Moneta e Credito, vol. 58 nn. 230-231 (2005)
title: A new spectrometer for grazing incidence X-ray fluorescence for the characterization of Arsenic implants and Hf based high-k layers
Creators: name: Ingerle, Dieter
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: GI-XRF
subject: grazing incidenceX-ray spectrometry
subject: nanotechnology
subject: Ultra shallow junctions

description: Grazing Incidence X-ray Fluorescence Analysis (GIXRF) takes advantage of the total external reflection of X-rays on a smooth, polished surface. Due to the penetration depth of only a few nanometers at very small incidence angles, GIXRF is able to probe the elemental composition in the near surface region of the sample. Furthermore by adjusting the angle of incidence and measuring the angle-dependent X-ray fluorescence signals, the technique is able to provide information on the total dose and depth distribution of the elements. The depth profile information is ambigous, thus the evaluation process, which consists of fitting the measured data to simulations, needs additional input from another technique. In the present work a GIXRF measuring chamber is presented, which was designed, constructed and tested within the context of the EC funded European Integrated Activity of Excellence and Networking for Nano and Micro-Electronics Analysis (ANNA) . Moreover an acquisition and control software and a measurement protocol were developed and tested. GIXRF measurements for the characterization of Ultra Shallow Junctions (USJ) were used to ascertain the performance of the new instrument. Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) was used as a complementary technique for the depth profile evaluation. The dose quantification of the implanted Arsenic was compared with Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and SIMS. Furthermore Hafnium based high k layers on Silicon were analyzed and the results compared to other techniques of the ANNA partners. Part of this work has been published in the following publications: 1. D. Ingerle, F. Meirer, N. Zoeger, G. Pepponi, D. Giubertoni, G. Steinhauser, P. Wobrauschek, C. Streli, A new spectrometer for grazing incidence X-ray fluorescence for the characterization of Arsenic implants and Hf based high-k layers, Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 65 (6) (2010) 429-433. doi:10.1016/j.sab.2004.04.014 2. G. Pepponi, D. Giubertoni, M. Bersani, F. Meirer, D. Ingerle, G. Steinhauser, C. Streli, P. Hoenicke, B. Beckhoff, Grazing incidence x-ray fluorescence and secondary ion mass spectrometry combined approach for the characterization of ultrashallow arsenic distribution in silicon, Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures 28 (1) (2010) C1C59. doi:10.1116/1.3292647 3. D. Giubertoni, G. Pepponi, B. Beckhoff, P. Hoenicke, F. Gennaro, F. Meirer, 4 D. Ingerle, G. Steinhauser, M. Fried, P. Petrik, A. Parisini, M. A. Reading, C. Streli, J. van den Berg, M. Bersani, Multi-technique characterization of arsenic ultra shallow junctions in silicon within the ANNA consortium, AIP Conference Proceedings 1173 (2009) (2009) 45-49. doi:10.1063/1.3251258