cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The one-loop elastic coefficients for the Helfrich membrane in higher dimensions
Creators: name: Santiago, J. A.
name: Zamora, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a covariant geometric approach we obtain the effective bending couplings for a 2-dimensional rigid membrane embedded into a $(2+D)$-dimensional Euclidean space. The Hamiltonian for the membrane has three terms: The first one is quadratic in its mean extrinsic curvature. The second one is proportional to its Gaussian curvature, and the last one is proportional to its area. The results we obtain are in agreement with those finding that thermal fluctuations soften the 2-dimensional membrane embedded into a 3-dimensional Euclidean space.
description: 9 pages
title: Linksseitige Kontraktion als Diskursphänomen in der deutschen Gegenwartssprache. Präliminäre Erkenntnisse aus einer Korpusstudie.
Creators: name: Kljutschenowitsch, Sergej
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2020

description: Der vorliegende Beitrag widmet sich dem Wortbildungstyp
der Kontraktion, unter der eine Zusammenziehung von Komposita
mit identischem Glied verstanden wird. Im Mittelpunkt dieses Artikels
steht eine relativ seltene Art der Kontraktion (linksseitige
Kontraktion), bei der Komposita mit gemeinsamer A-Konstituente in
der Aussage zusammengezogen werden. Die aktuelle Studie behandelt
die Kontraktion als genre-spezifisches Phänomen, das in Pressetexten,
Prosawerken sowie Gesetzen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
vorkommt. Die Studie kommt zu dem Schluss, dass diese Form der
Komprimierung diskurstypenabhängig ist.
description: Keywords: lineare Komprimierung, Komposita mit identischem
Glied, Kompositazusammenziehung, linksseitige Kontraktion,
gleichzeitige und phasenweise Kontraktion, Gesetzestexte
description: Grazer Linguistische Studien 92 (Herbst 2020); S. 111-125
Additional file 1 of Effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation combined with early rehabilitation therapy on mechanically ventilated patients: a prospective randomized controlled study
Creators: name: Liu, Ying
name: Gong, Yangyang
name: Zhang, Chaofan
name: Meng, Pingping
name: Gai, Yubiao
name: Han, Xiaoning
name: Yuan, Zhiyong
name: Xing, Jinyan
name: Dong, Zehua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Combining text and PDF processing: towards an all-in-one document management software
Creators: name: Moustafa, Khaled
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: In the current landscape of document creation, editing and printing, users often rely on separate software for text processing and PDF readers. This fragmented approach leads to inefficiency as users have to switch between multiple applications to complete their tasks. To address this, I propose a unified solution that combines the best of both: core text-editing features with robust PDF controls. This combination would enhance user experience, improve workflow efficiency, and eliminate the need for multiple programs to produce high quality documents. Such a solution should allow users to create and edit text efficiently while preserving the polished, professional quality of documents, bridging the gap between flexibility, efficiency and presentation.
Origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays: The cosmological manifesto
Creators: name: Rachen, Jörg P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A spectre is haunting physics---the spectre of non-thermal processes. Manifesting itself in astroparticle physics, all classical disciplines of physics and astronomy have entered into a holy alliance to exorcise this spectre: While astronomers try to destroy it with ignorance, convinced that only thermal processes are of importance to the dynamics of the Universe, particle physicists obscure it in the clouds of mystified admiration, simply because the Universe works on energy scales which are far above of their own technical and economical capabilities. It is high time to understand the energy scales of astroparticle physics in those of the Universe itself, by linking the existence of their basic essence, cosmic rays, via a universal mechanism to the ground reservoir of all non-thermal energy, gravitation. By this we meet the nursery tale of the enigmatic, mysterious sources of cosmic rays with a set of numbers naturally derived from cosmological parameters, which manifest themselves in a large range of astrophysical objects that stand in rank and file along a diagonal in the famous Hillas-plot, and in fact only have in common that they efficiently convert gravitational energy. While this manifesto, promoting the cosmological revolution in astroparticle physics, does not release us from detailed modelling of cosmic ray and multimessenger sources in order to understand all the details delivered by current experiments, it does help to clear up our view on the problem and to avoid some common fallacies and misconceptions.
description: 8 pages, paper presented at the 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2019), July 24th - August 1st, Madison, WI, USA; updated and final version
Growth of large single crystals of Rare Earth Hexaborides
Creators: name: Balakrishnan, G.
name: Lees, M. R.
name: Paul, D. McK.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single crystal growth of several rare earth hexaborides has been carried out by the floating zone technique. A high power Xenon arc lamp image furnace was used for the crystal growth. Large high quality crystals of LaB$_{6}$, CeB$_{6}$, PrB$_{6}$ and NdB$_{6}$, about 1 cc in volume have been obtained. Crystals of all these compounds have also been grown using enriched $^{11}$B isotope for use in neutron scattering experiments.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures, in press (J. Crystal Growth)
Malvales
Creators: name: Peruzzi, Lorenzo
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Bartolucci, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malvales

description: Malvales  Cistaceae
 Helianthemum farinulentum Lacaita
S Italian peninsula (CAL)
 Helianthemum morisianum Bertol.
SAR
 Helianthemum oelandicum (L.) Dum.Cours. subsp. allionii (Tineo) Greuter & Burdet
SIC; SAR
AN INVENTORY OF VASCULAR PLANTS ENDEMIC TO ITALY
 Phytotaxa 168 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press 33 Helianthemum oelandicum (L.) Dum.Cours. subsp. nebrodense (Guss.) Greuter & Burdet
SIC
 Helianthemum sicanorum Brullo, Giusso & Sciandr.
SIC
Malvaceae
 Malva agrigentina (Tineo) Soldano, Banfi & Galasso
S Italian peninsula (CAL doubtful); SIC
 Malva lusitanica (L.) Valdés subsp. pallescens (Moris) Valdés
SAR
Thymelaeaceae
 Daphne petraea Leyb.
NE Italy (LOM, TAA, VEN doubtful)
 Daphne reichsteinii Landolt & E.J.P.Hauser
NE Italy (LOM, TAA)
description: Published as part of Peruzzi, Lorenzo, Conti, Fabio & Bartolucci, Fabrizio, 2014, An inventory of vascular plants endemic to Italy, pp. 1-75 in Phytotaxa 168 (1) on pages 33-34, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.168.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10089750
Structural relaxation in supercooled orthoterphenyl
Creators: name: Chong, S. -H.
name: Sciortino, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report molecular-dynamics simulation results performed for a model of molecular liquid orthoterphenyl in supercooled states, which we then compare with both experimental data and mode-coupling-theory (MCT) predictions, aiming at a better understanding of structural relaxation in orthoterphenyl. We pay special attention to the wavenumber dependence of the collective dynamics. It is shown that the simulation results for the model share many features with experimental data for real system, and that MCT captures the simulation results at the semiquantitative level except for intermediate wavenumbers connected to the overall size of the molecule. Theoretical results at the intermediate wavenumber region are found to be improved by taking into account the spatial correlation of the molecule's geometrical center. This supports the idea that unusual dynamical properties at the intermediate wavenumbers, reported previously in simulation studies for the model and discernible in coherent neutron-scattering experimental data, are basically due to the coupling of the rotational motion to the geometrical-center dynamics. However, there still remain qualitative as well as quantitative discrepancies between theoretical prediction and corresponding simulation results at the intermediate wavenumbers, which call for further theoretical investigation.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, Phys. Rev. E in press
i-flow: High-dimensional Integration and Sampling with Normalizing Flows
Creators: name: Gao, Christina
name: Isaacson, Joshua
name: Krause, Claudius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In many fields of science, high-dimensional integration is required. Numerical methods have been developed to evaluate these complex integrals. We introduce the code i-flow, a python package that performs high-dimensional numerical integration utilizing normalizing flows. Normalizing flows are machine-learned, bijective mappings between two distributions. i-flow can also be used to sample random points according to complicated distributions in high dimensions. We compare i-flow to other algorithms for high-dimensional numerical integration and show that i-flow outperforms them for high dimensional correlated integrals. The i-flow code is publicly available on gitlab at https://gitlab.com/i-flow/i-flow.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables; v2: improved presentation and discussion, matches published version. Mach. Learn.: Sci. Technol (2020)
Poland syndrome. A case report.
Creators: name: Amador Jimenez Leyva M.D.
name: Elizabeth Del Carmen Rodríguez Rojas M.D.
name: Manuel Alfredo Calderón Vizcaíno M.D.
name: Alan De la fuente Malvaez M.D.
name: Ángel Alejandro Hernández Moreno M.D.
name: Ana Lourdes Pérez Vázquez M.D.
name: Jorge Emmanuel Maldonado Perdomo M.D.
name: Raúl Beder Caltenco Solis M.D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Background:

INTRODUCTION: Poland syndrome was first described by Alfred Poland in 1841. It is a congenital disorder characterized by the total or partial absence of the pectoralis major muscle and anomalies in the ipsilateral hand.DISCUSSION: The etiopathogenesis seems to correspond to an alteration in the mesoderm, which develops from the pectoral area to the digital extremity of the upper limb. It is caused by a primary defect in the development of the proximal subclavian artery.CONCLUSION: Surgical timing will help improve physical and mental development issues. Surgical planning for Poland syndrome patients should begin during the growth period.

 

Keywords: Poland syndrome, Absence of pectoral muscle, Thoracic malformation, Breast implant, Mastopexy.
On the Choice of Tax Base to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Context of Electricity Generation
Creators: name: Fraser, Rob W.
name: Fraser, Rob W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This paper analyses the role of uncertain demand in determining the government’s choice between an ad valorem and a specific base for its tax to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the electricity generating sector. Using a model of optimal capacity choice for a pricetaking firm facing demand uncertainty it is shown that an ad valorem tax is more effective in reducing emissions than its equivalent specific tax, although this benefit comes at the cost of lower reliability of electricity supply. A numerical analysis provides a robust finding that the ad valorem tax is expected to generate greater tax revenue, thereby providing support for the choice of this tax base in situations where the extra tax revenue can be used to compensate consumers for reduced reliability of supply.
Pseudonatural Inflation
Creators: name: Arkani-Hamed, Nima
name: Cheng, Hsin-Chia
name: Creminelli, Paolo
name: Randall, Lisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how to obtain a sufficiently flat inflaton potential that is natural from the particle physics point of view. Supersymmetry, which is broken during inflation, cannot protect the potential against non-renormalizable operators violating slow-roll. We are therefore led to consider models based on non-linearly realized symmetries. The basic scenario with a single four-dimensional pseudo Nambu Goldstone boson requires the spontaneous breaking scale to be above the Planck scale, which is beyond the range of validity of the field theory description, so that quantum gravity corrections are not under control. A nice way to obtain consistent models with large field values is to consider simple extensions in extra-dimensional setups. We also consider the minimal structures necessary to obtain purely four-dimensional models with spontaneous breaking scale below M_P; we show that they require an approximate symmetry that is supplemented by either the little-Higgs mechanism or supersymmetry to give trustworthy scenarios.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures. v2: minor changes, ref. added, accepted for JCAP
Curio: A Dataflow-Based Framework for Collaborative Urban Visual Analytics
Creators: name: Moreira, Gustavo
name: Hosseini, Maryam
name: Veiga, Carolina
name: Alexandre, Lucas
name: Colaninno, Nicola
name: de Oliveira, Daniel
name: Ferreira, Nivan
name: Lage, Marcos
name: Miranda, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the past decade, several urban visual analytics systems and tools have been proposed to tackle a host of challenges faced by cities, in areas as diverse as transportation, weather, and real estate. Many of these tools have been designed through collaborations with urban experts, aiming to distill intricate urban analysis workflows into interactive visualizations and interfaces. However, the design, implementation, and practical use of these tools still rely on siloed approaches, resulting in bespoke applications that are difficult to reproduce and extend. At the design level, these tools undervalue rich data workflows from urban experts, typically treating them only as data providers and evaluators. At the implementation level, they lack interoperability with other technical frameworks. At the practical use level, they tend to be narrowly focused on specific fields, inadvertently creating barriers to cross-domain collaboration. To address these gaps, we present Curio, a framework for collaborative urban visual analytics. Curio uses a dataflow model with multiple abstraction levels (code, grammar, GUI elements) to facilitate collaboration across the design and implementation of visual analytics components. The framework allows experts to intertwine data preprocessing, management, and visualization stages while tracking the provenance of code and visualizations. In collaboration with urban experts, we evaluate Curio through a diverse set of usage scenarios targeting urban accessibility, urban microclimate, and sunlight access. These scenarios use different types of data and domain methodologies to illustrate Curio's flexibility in tackling pressing societal challenges. Curio is available at https://urbantk.org/curio.
description: Accepted at IEEE VIS 2024. Source code available at https://urbantk.org/curio
Quasi-Two-Dimensional Magnon Identification in Antiferromagnetic FePS3 via Magneto-Raman Spectroscopy
Creators: name: McCreary, Amber
name: Simpson, Jeffrey R.
name: Mai, Thuc T.
name: McMichael, Robert D.
name: Douglas, Jason E.
name: Butch, Nicholas
name: Dennis, Cindi
name: Aguilar, Rolando Valdes
name: Walker, Angela R. Hight
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it was discovered that van der Waals-bonded magnetic materials retain long range magnetic ordering down to a single layer, opening many avenues in fundamental physics and potential applications of these fascinating materials. One such material is FePS3, a large spin (S=2) Mott insulator where the Fe atoms form a honeycomb lattice. In the bulk, FePS3 has been shown to be a quasi-two-dimensional-Ising antiferromagnet, with additional features in the Raman spectra emerging below the Neel temperature of approximately 120 K. Using magneto-Raman spectroscopy as an optical probe of magnetic structure, we show that one of these Raman-active modes in the magnetically ordered state is actually a magnon with a frequency of of approximately 3.7 THz (122 cm-1). Contrary to previous work, which interpreted this feature as a phonon, our Raman data shows the expected frequency shifting and splitting of the magnon as a function of temperature and magnetic field, respectively, where we determine the g-factor to be approximately 2. In addition, the symmetry behavior of the magnon is studied by polarization-dependent Raman spectroscopy and explained using the magnetic point group of FePS3.
title: 02_1596
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Big Bounce Baryogenesis
Creators: name: Barrie, Neil D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility of an Ekpyrotic contraction phase harbouring a mechanism for Baryogenesis. A Chern-Simons coupling between the fast-rolling Ekpyrotic scalar and the Standard Model Hypercharge gauge field enables the generation of a non-zero helicity during the contraction phase. The baryon number subsequently produced at the Electroweak Phase Transition is consistent with observation for a range of couplings and bounce scales. Simultaneously, the gauge field production during the contraction provides the seeds for galactic magnetic fields and sources gravitational waves, which may provide additional avenues for observational confirmation.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures; revised version, consistent with that published in JCAP
Close-packed floating clusters: granular hydrodynamics beyond the freezing point?
Creators: name: Meerson, Baruch
name: Poeschel, Thorsten
name: Bromberg, Yaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monodisperse granular flows often develop regions with hexagonal close packing of particles. We investigate this effect in a system of inelastic hard spheres driven from below by a "thermal" plate. Molecular dynamics simulations show, in a wide range of parameters, a close-packed cluster supported by a low-density region. Surprisingly, the steady-state density profile, including the close-packed cluster part, is well described by a variant of Navier-Stokes granular hydrodynamics (NSGH). We suggest a simple explanation for the success of NSGH beyond the freezing point.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Comparing Indian Irrigation Institutions: What Determines Institutional Behaviour and Performance? Preliminary Empirical Observations
Creators: name: Gandhi, Vasant P.
name: Crase, Lin
name: Herath, Gamini
name: Gandhi, Vasant P.
name: Crase, Lin
name: Herath, Gamini
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Public Economics
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: “There is a water crisis today. But the crisis is not about having too little water to satisfy our needs. It is a crisis of managing water badly – such that billions of people and the environment suffer.” (World Water Vision 2000).The management of water resources is becoming increasingly challenging in India with accelerating growth and development. Scarcities are becoming frequent and managing the distribution across vast areas of the country, and amongst millions of users, in a way that is sustainable, is becoming a major problem. Irrigation is crucial for agriculture and rural incomes in India. The technical solutions to the difficulties are typically known and are often implemented, but the institutional issues of control, organization and management within the political economy of democracy and small farm agriculture are becoming exceedingly difficult and pose the most serious challenge. This paper presents some preliminary results of recent field-based research supported by ACIAR which examines institutional issues in water resource management in India’s agriculture. Among different approaches, it focuses on the new institutional economics framework for studying the subject. The effort is to draw lessons and suggest an effective institutional framework for improving water resource management institutions in India. The paper is based on primary data collected from a variety of settings in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra.
AI-Optimized Solar-Wind-Storage Hybrid Systems for Off-Grid Communities- A Novel Approach for Sustainable Energy Access
Creators: name: CanDis, Canadain
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 310202
subject: Biological network analysis

description: Off-grid communities face significant challenges in achieving reliable and sustainable energy access. This paper proposes a novel hybrid energy system consisting of solar power, wind energy, and energy storage, optimized using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. The aim is to enhance energy generation efficiency, improve system reliability, and minimize operational costs. We present a detailed analysis of AI-driven optimization algorithms that forecast energy generation, balance storage capacities, and manage energy consumption in real time. Through simulations, the proposed system is evaluated under various environmental conditions, demonstrating its potential to provide a stable, cost-effective energy solution for off-grid areas. Additionally, the study assesses the economic and environmental benefits of integrating renewable energy and advanced storage systems, showing a significant reduction in fossil fuel dependency. The results indicate that AI-optimized hybrid systems can offer an efficient and sustainable alternative to conventional energy solutions, contributing to the global transition to renewable energy.
Multiplet Supercurrents in a Josephson Circuit
Creators: name: Arnault, Ethan G.
name: Chiles, John
name: Larson, Trevyn F. Q.
name: Chen, Chun-Chia
name: Zhao, Lingfei
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Amet, Francois
name: Finkelstein, Gleb
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiterminal Josephson junctions are a promising platform to host synthetic topological phases of matter and Floquet states. However, the energy scales governing topological protection in these devices are on the order of the spacing between Andreev bound states. Recent theories suggest that similar phenomena may instead be explored in circuits composed of two-terminal Josephson junctions, allowing for the topological protection to be controlled by the comparatively large Josephson energy. Here, we explore a Josephson circuit, in which three superconducting electrodes are connected through Josephson junctions to a common superconducting island. We demonstrate the dynamic generation of multiplet resonances, which have previously been observed in multiterminal Josephson junctions. The multiplets are found to be robust to elevated temperatures and are confirmed by exhibiting the expected Shapiro step quantization under a microwave drive. We also find an unexpected novel supercurrent, which couples a pair of contacts that are both voltage-biased with respect to the common superconducting island. We show that this supercurrent results from synchronization of the phase dynamics and pose the question whether it should also carry a topological contribution.
Cross-Lingual Machine Reading Comprehension
Creators: name: Cui, Yiming
name: Che, Wanxiang
name: Liu, Ting
name: Qin, Bing
name: Wang, Shijin
name: Hu, Guoping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Though the community has made great progress on Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) task, most of the previous works are solving English-based MRC problems, and there are few efforts on other languages mainly due to the lack of large-scale training data. In this paper, we propose Cross-Lingual Machine Reading Comprehension (CLMRC) task for the languages other than English. Firstly, we present several back-translation approaches for CLMRC task, which is straightforward to adopt. However, to accurately align the answer into another language is difficult and could introduce additional noise. In this context, we propose a novel model called Dual BERT, which takes advantage of the large-scale training data provided by rich-resource language (such as English) and learn the semantic relations between the passage and question in a bilingual context, and then utilize the learned knowledge to improve reading comprehension performance of low-resource language. We conduct experiments on two Chinese machine reading comprehension datasets CMRC 2018 and DRCD. The results show consistent and significant improvements over various state-of-the-art systems by a large margin, which demonstrate the potentials in CLMRC task. Resources available: https://github.com/ymcui/Cross-Lingual-MRC
description: 10 pages, accepted as a conference paper at EMNLP-IJCNLP 2019 (long paper)
ECONOMIC DIFFERENCES AMONG BEEF PRODUCTION SYSTEMS OF THE NEBRASKA SANDHILLS
Creators: name: Dhoubhadel, Sunil P.
name: Stockton, Matthew C.
name: Dhoubhadel, Sunil P.
name: Stockton, Matthew C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Beef systems
subject: profitability ranking

description: This paper addresses the issue of profitability of beef production from a systems perspective. The model uses information from biological and economic systems to identify factors affecting profitability of nine beef production systems in the Nebraska Sandhills. The results are further used in ranking the profitability of 37 unique subsystems.
title:  Defining the Environmental Niche of the Two Main Clades of Trichodesmium: A Study on the West Florida Shelf
Creators: name: Confesor, Kristina
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Dinitrogen (N2) fixation is the process of taking widely abundant but mostly biologically inaccessible N2 gas and converting it into more biologically accessible forms of the essential macronutrient nitrogen. Only a small fraction of organisms known as diazotrophs can perform biological N2 fixation. Trichodesmium is one such genus of N2-fixing marine cyanobacteria that is commonly observed in waters along the West Florida Shelf (WFS). We hypothesize that the two main Trichodesmium clades (T. erythraeum and T. thiebautii) occupy distinct environmental niches, one being more coastal and one being more oceanic.
Layer Dependent Interfacial Transport and Optoelectrical Properties of MoS2 on Ultra-flat Metals
Creators: name: Lee, Hao
name: Deshmukh, S.
name: Wen, Jing
name: Costa, V. Z.
name: Schuder, J. S.
name: Sanchez, M.
name: Ichimura, A. S.
name: Pop, Eric
name: Wang, Bin
name: Newaz, A. K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are layered semiconducting van der Waal crystals and promising materials for a wide range of electronic and optoelectronic devices. Realizing practical electrical and optoelectronic device applications requires a connection between a metal junction and a TMD semiconductor. Hence, a complete understanding of electronic band alignments and the potential barrier heights governing the transport through a metal-TMD-metal junction is critical. But, there is a knowledge gap; it is not clear how the energy bands of a TMD align while in contact with a metal as a function of the number of layers. In pursuit of removing this knowledge gap, we have performed conductive atomic force microscopy (CAFM) of few layered (1-5) MoS2 immobilized on ultra-flat conducting Au surfaces (root mean square (RMS) surface roughness <0.2 nm) and indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate (RMS surface roughness <0.7 nm) forming a vertical metal (conductive-AFM tip)-semiconductor-metal device. We have observed that the current increases as the number of layers increases up to 5 layers. By applying Fowler-Nordheim tunneling theory, we have determined the barrier heights for different layers and observed that the barrier height decreases as the number of layers increases. Using density functional theory (DFT) calculation, we successfully demonstrated that the barrier height decreases as the layer number increases. By illuminating the TMDs on a transparent ultra-flat conducting ITO substrate, we observed a reduction in current when compared to the current measured in the dark, hence demonstrating negative photoconductivity. Our study provides a fundamental understanding of the local electronic and optoelectronic behaviors of TMD-metal junction, and may pave an avenue toward developing nanoscale electronic devices with tailored layer-dependent transport properties.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
The Profitability of Irrigating Corn in Tennessee: Implications of Field Size and Energy Costs
Creators: name: Boyer, Christopher N.
name: Larson, James A.
name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: McClure, Angela T.
name: Tyler, Donald D.
name: Boyer, Christopher N.
name: Larson, James A.
name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: McClure, Angela T.
name: Tyler, Donald D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Farm Management
Production Economics
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Irrigation is expensive in Tennessee because of small, irregular fields. We calculated the breakeven corn prices for irrigated corn in Tennessee. Breakeven prices were $4.02-$7.94/bu depending on field size, energy source, and energy price. At current prices, irrigated corn is profitable, but prices are much higher than the historic average.
Modeling heavy metal removal by retention on Laurus nobilis leaves biomass: linear and nonlinear isotherms and design
Creators: name: Gümüş, Dilek
name: Gümüş, Fatih
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Heavy metal industries pose a serious threat to the environment. Conventional methods used for heavy metal removal are generally not always low-cost and environmentally friendly. So, researchers focused to investigate alternative biosorbents for the uptake of heavy metal. In this study, Laurus nobilis leaves (LNL) were used as a biosorbent for the uptake of toxic metals such as Pb2+ and Cd2+ from aqueous solutions. Batch biosorption experiments under varied conditions, such as biosorbent dosage, solution pH, heavy metal concentration, biosorption time, ionic strength, humic acid effect and competitive metal ions (Cd(II), Pb(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II)) were performed. The biomass was characterized using FT-IR spectra and SEM images. The nonlinearized and linearized isotherm models were compared and discussed. A single-stage batch bioreactor system for each heavy metal based on the best fit nonlinear isotherm model also has been presented. The biosorption of Pb(II) on LNL fitted better in the Langmuir model and Cd(II) biosorption fitted better in the Freundlich model by nonlinearized equations. The LNL exhibited the maximum monolayer biosorption capacities (qmax) of 7.1 and 32.5 mg/g for cadmium and lead, respectively. LNL showed great potential especially in Pb(II) uptake. LNL may be promising for heavy metal removal from aqueous environment.
Comparison of numerical solutions for Q^2 evolution equations
Creators: name: Kumano, S.
name: Nagai, T. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Q^2 evolution equations are important not only for describing hadron reactions in accelerator experiments but also for investigating ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays. The standard ones are called DGLAP evolution equations, which are integrodifferential equations. There are methods for solving the Q^2 evolution equations for parton-distribution and fragmentation functions. Because the equations cannot be solved analytically, various methods have been developed for the numerical solution. We compare brute-force, Laguerre-polynomial, and Mellin-transformation methods particularly by focusing on the numerical accuracy and computational efficiency. An efficient solution could be used, for example, in the studies of a top-down scenario for the ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX, 13 eps files, Journal of Computational Physics in press, http://hs.phys.saga-u.ac.jp
title: CO2-free energy from natural gas via BrOx cycle
title: Experimental and numerical study of the bromination-oxidation cycle
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: González Rebordinos, Jesús
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Energy
subject: CO2
subject: Natural gas
subject: Bromine
subject: CFD
subject: 660

description: In the present work a novel process for energy generation from natural gas without concomitant CO2 emissions, namely the Bromination-Oxidation (BrOx) cycle, is proposed and studied. This process consists of two exothermic reactions and an internal brominere cycle. Methane and bromine react in the first reaction step to yield solid carbon, that is separated by means of a cyclone or a filter, and hydrogen bromide. The latter is oxidised with oxygen in a second reactor yielding water and bromine. Bromine is separated and recycled to the first reaction step so that the energy is released in the process with solid carbon and water as only by-products. Firstly, the thermodynamics of the process were studied to assess its feasibility and simulations on both reaction steps in plug flow reactors were carried out in order to estimate suitable reaction conditions. A bench-scale plant was constructed to study experimentally methane bromination and determine temperatures and residence times that lead to complete reaction and carbon formation. Additionally, the carbon produced was characterised and its bromine content quantitatively determined. During methane bromination carbon deposition occurs, leading to inefficient operation. Two reactor concepts were proposed in this work, a vortex reactor that avoids deposition via the hydrodynamics of the system, and a sacrificial wall reactor in which deposition is not avoided but reactor cleaning is facilitated by means of a sacrificial coating on the inner walls. CFD simulation and optimisation of the vortex reactor was performed while sacrificial walls were studied experimentally. A catalyst for the second reaction step, hydrogen bromide oxidation, was synthesised and characterised, and experiments on both thermal and catalytic oxidation were carried out. Moreover, both operation modes were simulated and modelling was used to propose an optimal strategy for this reaction step. Finally, the flowsheeting of the BrOx cycle, including a preliminary economical analysis of the process, was performed and convenient separation units and operation parameters were selected based on the aforementioned data and simulation result.
Dipole representation of composite fermions in graphene quantum Hall systems
Creators: name: Predin, Sonja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The even denominator fractional quantum Hall effect has been experimentally observed in graphene in the fourth Landau level ($n = 3$). This paper is motivated by recent studies regarding the possibility of pairing and the nature of the ground state in this system. By extending the dipole representation of composite fermions, we adapt this framework to the context of graphene's quantum Hall systems, with a focus on half-filled Landau levels. We derive an effective Hamiltonian that incorporates the key symmetry of half-filled Landau levels, particularly particle-hole symmetry. At the Fermi level, the energetic instability of the dipole state is influenced by the interplay between topology and symmetry, driving the system towards a critical state. We explore the possibility that this critical state stabilizes into one of the paired states with well-defined pairing solutions. However, our results demonstrate that the regularized state which satisfies boost invariance at Fermi level and lacks well-defined pairing instabilities emerges as energetically more favorable. Therefore, we find no well-defined pairing instabilities of composite fermions in the dipole representation in the half-filled fourth Landau level ($ n = 3 $) of electrons in graphene. Although the theory of composite fermions has its limitations, further research is required to investigate other possible configurations. We discuss the consistency of our results with experimental and numerical studies, and their relevance for future research efforts.
description: published version, 12 pages, 4 figures, 2 appendices
Essentials for Producer Participation in Biomass Markets When Choices are Correlated
Creators: name: Hoque, Mohammad Mainul
name: Artz, Georgeanne M.
name: Martens, Bobby J.
name: Jarboe, Darren H.
name: Hoque, Mohammad Mainul
name: Artz, Georgeanne M.
name: Martens, Bobby J.
name: Jarboe, Darren H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: biomass crops
subject: biomass supply chain

description: Using data from a survey of Iowa farmers we examine producers’ willingness to supply corn stover, corn cobs and energy grasses for biomass markets. We identify factors that affect producers’ interest in growing biomass crops as well critical barriers to participation. Choices among biomass types are found to be correlated.
Ericales
Creators: name: Peruzzi, Lorenzo
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Bartolucci, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales

description: Ericales  Ericaceae
 Erica multiflora L. subsp. hyblaea Domina & Raimondo
SIC
 Erica sicula Guss. subsp. sicula
SIC
Primulaceae
 Androsace mathildae Levier
C Italian peninsula (ABR)
 Androsace vitaliana (L.) Lapeyr. subsp. praetutiana (Buser ex Sünd.) Kress C Italian peninsula (MAR, LAZ doubtful, ABR)
 Primula albenensis Banfi & Ferl.
NE Italy (LOM)
 Primula apennina Widmer
N Italian peninsula (EMR, TOS)
 Primula glaucescens Moretti
NE Italy (LOM, TAA)
 Primula infecta (Kress) Landolt
NW Italy (VDA, PIE)
 Primula palinuri Petagna
S Italian peninsula (CAM, BAS, CAL)
 Primula polliniana Moretti
NE Italy (LOM, TAA, VEN)
 Primula recubariensis Prosser & Scorteg.
NE Italy (TAA, VEN)
AN INVENTORY OF VASCULAR PLANTS ENDEMIC TO ITALY
 Phytotaxa 168 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press 47
 Primula tyrolensis Schott ex Rchb. f.
NE Italy (TAA, VEN, FVG)
 Soldanella calabrella Kress
S Italian peninsula (CAM, CAL)
 Soldanella minima Hoppe subsp. samnitica Cristof. & Pignatti
C Italian peninsula (ABR)
description: Published as part of Peruzzi, Lorenzo, Conti, Fabio & Bartolucci, Fabrizio, 2014, An inventory of vascular plants endemic to Italy, pp. 1-75 in Phytotaxa 168 (1) on pages 47-48, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.168.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10089750
Subfemtonewton force fields measured with ergodic Brownian ensembles
Creators: name: Li, Minghao
name: Sentissi, Oussama
name: Azzini, Stefano
name: Schnoering, Gabriel
name: Canaguier-Durand, Antoine
name: Genet, Cyriaque
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that radiation pressure force fields can be measured and reconstructed with a resolution of $0.3$ fN (at a $99.7\%$ confidence level) using an ergodic ensemble of overdamped colloidal particles. The outstanding force resolution level is provided by the large size of the statistical ensemble built by recording all displacements from all diffusing particles, regardless of trajectory and time. This is only possible because the noise driving the particles is thermal, white and stationary, so that the colloidal system is ergodic, as we carefully verify. Using an ergodic colloidal dispersion for performing ultra-sensitive measurements of external forces is not limited to non-conservative optical force fields. Our experiments therefore give way to interesting opportunities in the context of weak force measurements in fluids.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Russian Pan-Slavism and its Concept of Europe
Creators: name: Diec, Joachim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 160699 Political Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Source:L’Europa dei nazionalisti: Prospettive storichea cura diFrancesco Berti, Filippo Focardi,Valentine LomelliniPublisher: FrancoAngeli, Milano 2020
First return times on sparse random graphs
Creators: name: Evnin, Oleg
name: Horinouchi, Weerawit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider random walks in the form of nearest-neighbor hopping on Erdos-Renyi random graphs of finite fixed mean degree c as the number of vertices N tends to infinity. In this regime, using statistical field theory methods, we develop an analytic theory of the first return time probability distribution. The problem turns out closely related to finding the spectrum of the normalized graph Laplacian that controls the continuum time version of the nearest-neighbor-hopping random walk. In the infinite graph limit, where loops are highly improbable, the returns operate in a manner qualitatively similar to c-regular trees, and the expressions for probabilities resemble those on random c-regular graphs. Because the vertex degrees are not exactly constant, however, the way c enters the formulas differs from the dependence on the graph degree of first return probabilities on random regular graphs.
description: v2: comments and references added, published version
De Sitter and Schwarzschild-De Sitter According to Schwarzschild and De Sitter
Creators: name: McInnes, Brett
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When de Sitter first introduced his celebrated spacetime, he claimed, following Schwarzschild, that its spatial sections have the topology of the real projective space RP^3 (that is, the topology of the group manifold SO(3)) rather than, as is almost universally assumed today, that of the sphere S^3. (In modern language, Schwarzschild was disturbed by the non-local correlations enforced by S^3 geometry.) Thus, what we today call "de Sitter space" would not have been accepted as such by de Sitter. There is no real basis within classical cosmology for preferring S^3 to RP^3, but the general feeling appears to be that the distinction is in any case of little importance. We wish to argue that, in the light of current concerns about the nature of de Sitter space, this is a mistake. In particular, we argue that the difference between "dS(S^3)" and "dS(RP^3)" may be very important in attacking the problem of understanding horizon entropies. In the approach to de Sitter entropy via Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime, we find that the apparently trivial difference between RP^3 and S^3 actually leads to very different perspectives on this major question of quantum cosmology.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures, typos fixed, references added, equation numbers finally fixed, JHEP version