cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Parametrization of quantum states and the quantum state discrimination problem
Creators: name: Ghoreishi, Seyed Arash
name: Akhtarshenas, Seyed Javad
name: Sarbishaei, Mohsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A discrimination problem consists of $N$ linearly independent pure quantum states $Φ=\{\ket{ϕ_i}\}$ and the corresponding occurrence probabilities $η=\{η_i\}$. To any such problem we associate, up to a permutation over the probabilities $\{η_i\}$, a unique pair of density matrices $\boldsymbol{ρ_{_{T}}}$ and $\boldsymbol{η_{p}}$ defined on the $N$-dimensional Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}_N$. The first one, $\boldsymbol{ρ_{_{T}}}$, provides a new parametrization of a generic full-rank density matrix in terms of the parameters of the discrimination problem, i.e. the mutual overlaps $γ_{ij}=\bra{ϕ_i}ϕ_j\rangle$ and the occurrence probabilities $\{η_i\}$. The second one is defined as a diagonal density matrix $\boldsymbol{η_p}$ with the diagonal entries given by the probabilities $\{η_i\}$ with the ordering induced by the permutation $p$ of the probabilities. $\boldsymbol{ρ_{_{T}}}$ and $\boldsymbol{η_{p}}$ capture information about the quantum and classical versions of the discrimination problem, respectively. In this sense, when the set $Φ$ can be discriminated unambiguously with probability one, i.e. when the states to be discriminated are mutually orthogonal and can be distinguished by a classical observer, then $\boldsymbol{ρ_{_{T}}}\rightarrow \boldsymbol{η_{p}}$. Moreover, if the set lacks its independency and cannot be discriminated anymore the distinguishability of the pair, measured by the fidelity $F(\boldsymbol{ρ_{_{T}}}, \boldsymbol{η_{p}})$, becomes minimum. This enables one to associate to each discrimination problem a measure of discriminability defined by the fidelity $F(\boldsymbol{ρ_{_{T}}}, \boldsymbol{η_{p}})$. This quantity, has the advantage of being easy to calculate and in this respect it can find useful applications in estimating the extent to which the set is discriminable.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, Title, introduction and presentation are changed
From 10 Kelvin to 10 TeraKelvin: Insights on the Interaction Between Cosmic Rays and Gas in Starbursts
Creators: name: Lacki, Brian C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work has both illuminated and mystified our attempts to understand cosmic rays (CRs) in starburst galaxies. I discuss my new research exploring how CRs interact with the ISM in starbursts. Molecular clouds provide targets for CR protons to produce pionic gamma rays and ionization, but those same losses may shield the cloud interiors. In the densest molecular clouds, gamma rays and Al-26 decay can provide ionization, at rates up to those in Milky Way molecular clouds. I then consider the free-free absorption of low frequency radio emission from starbursts, which I argue arises from many small, discrete H II regions rather than from a "uniform slab" of ionized gas, whereas synchrotron emission arises outside them. Finally, noting that the hot superwind gas phase fills most of the volume of starbursts, I suggest that it has turbulent-driven magnetic fields powered by supernovae, and that this phase is where most synchrotron emission arises. I show how such a scenario could explain the far-infrared radio correlation, in context of my previous work. A big issue is that radio and gamma-ray observations imply CRs also must interact with dense gas. Understanding how this happens requires a more advanced understanding of turbulence and CR propagation.
description: Conference proceedings for "Cosmic-ray induced phenomenology in star-forming environments: Proceedings of the 2nd Session of the Sant Cugat Forum of Astrophysics" (April 16-19, 2012). 16 pages, 5 figures
A Policy Framework to Approach the Use of Associated Petroleum Gas
Creators: name: Banerjee, Shayan D.
name: Toledano, Perrine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Natural gas
Sustainable development
Mineral industries--Law and legislation
Oil fields
Environmental economics

description: Associated Petroleum Gas (APG) is a form of natural gas that is found associated with petroleum fields. APG is often flared or vented for regulatory, economic or technical reasons. The flaring, however, is problematic from health and environmental perspectives. Moreover, flaring and venting APG wastes a valuable non-renewable resource that could be re-injected into the oil field or used for local and regional electricity generation. This report presents a regulatory and operational framework that would unlock the value of the APG that is currently wasted, in order to improve energy efficiency, expand access to energy, and contribute to climate change mitigation, thus promoting sustainable development. This framework aims at providing guidance for regulators, policymakers, and industry leaders seeking to develop practical approaches to unlock the economic value of APG.
Christian Von Benzel Kurfürtl. [!] Mainzischen Regierungraths und Gerichts-Assessors Zu Erfurt etc. Gedanken Über Die Willkührliche Vertheilung Der Bauerngüter; 1795
Creators: name: Bentzel-Sternau, Christian Ernst von
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2014

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Erfurt, 1795 bey Georg Adam Keyser.
Transcrição do André Pires (manuscrito francês)
Creators: name: Pires, André
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The manuscript MS Portugais 40 in the French national Library is a compilation of Portuguese nautical texts from the first half of the 16th century. The first and last thirteen folios present quadrennial tables of solar declination. Among them are André Pires’ Livro de Marinharia, ten itineraries and a travelogue.This digital publication of the RUTTER Project is the first complete edition of the manuscript. Luana Giurgevich pointed out in 2021 that there were three partial editions published, first by Albuquerque in 1963, then by Manguin in 1972 and Semedo de Matos in 2018. The largest of these, which includes the most detailed study of the manuscript, is that by Albuquerque, dedicated to André Pires' Livro de Marinharia. The editions by Manguin and Semedo de Matos both refer to the route from Malacca to China.The manuscript is not dated, but it is believed to have been written before 1530, probably by a single person. It is also unsigned. Albuquerque and Manguin believe it may be an autograph by André Pires himself or a book by another pilot, his contemporary.The volume was part of the library of Jean Nicot, French ambassador to Portugal between 1559 and 1561. No details are known about where or when Nicot bought the manuscript, but some of the most likely hypotheses were commented on by Nuno Villa-Santa in 2024It remains to be said that not much is known about André Pires. The Book attributed to him is based on João de Lisboa’s Livro de Marinharia, from which he takes several sections and adds others. Some of these sections were copied in full, others were altered, corrected or augmented. The variants between the two books have already been noted by Luís de Albuquerque in his edition of the book. The remaining texts are mostly anonymous or by the writer of the manuscript. The only case in which there is a reference is the account of Ferdinand Magellan’s voyage to the Moluccas, which is said to come from “a notebook of a Genoese pilot who was on the said ship”.
Remarks on semiclassical wavefront set
Creators: name: Kameoka, Kentaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81Q20

description: The essential support of the symbol of a semiclassical pseudodifferentail operator is characterized by semiclassical wavefront sets of distributions. The proof employs a coherent state whose center in phase space is dependent on Planck's constant.
description: 11 pages, to appear in Funkcialaj Ekvacioj
Association of Residual Plasma Viremia and Intima-Media Thickness in Antiretroviral-Treated Patients with Controlled Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Creators: name: Boyd, Anders
name: Meynard, Jean-Luc
name: Morand-Joubert, Laurence
name: Michon, Adrien
name: Boccara, Franck
name: Bastard, Jean-Philippe
name: Samri, Assia
name: Haddour, Nabila
name: Mallat, Ziad
name: Capeau, Jacqueline
name: Desvarieux, Moise
name: Girard, Pierre-Marie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: HIV (Viruses)--Patients
subject: Highly active antiretroviral therapy
subject: Medical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background

While residual plasma viremia is commonly observed in HIV-infected patients undergoing antiretroviral treatment (ART), little is known about its subclinical consequences.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 47 male, never-smoking, non-diabetic patients with ≥4 years of ART and controlled HIV-replication (HIV-viral load, VL <20 copies/mL for ≥1 year). Residual HIV-VL was measured using an ultrasensitive assay (quantification limit: 1 copy/ml). Patients were categorized as having detectable (D; 1-20 copies/mL, n = 14) or undetectable (UD; <1 copies/mL, n = 33) HIV-VL. Linear regression was used to model the difference in total carotid intima-media thickness [c-IMT, measures averaged across common carotid artery (cca), bifurcation, and internal carotid artery] and cca-IMT alone across detection groups. Multivariable models were constructed for each endpoint in a forward-stepwise approach.

Results

No significant differences were observed between viremia groups with respect to median ART-duration (9.6 years, IQR = 6.8–10.9), nadir CD4+T-cell (208/mm3, IQR = 143–378), and CD4+T-cell count (555/mm3, IQR = 458–707). Median adjusted inflammatory markers tended to be higher in patients with D- than UD-viremia, with differences in IL-10 being significant (p = 0.03). After adjustment on age, systolic blood pressure, and insulin resistance, mean cca-IMT was significantly lower in patients with undetectable (0.668 mm±0.010) versus detectable viremia (0.727 mm±0.015, p = 0.002). Cca-IMT was also independently associated with age and insulin resistance. Mean adjusted total c-IMT was no different between viremia groups (p = 0.2), however there was large variability in bifurcation c-IMT measurements.

Conclusions

Higher cca-IMT was observed in patients with detectable, compared to undetectable, HIV-VL in never-smoking ART-controlled patients, suggesting that residual HIV viremia may be linked to atherosclerosis.
Study of young stellar objects and associated filamentary structures in the inner Galaxy
Creators: name: Bhavya, B
name: Subramaniam, Annapurni
name: Kuriakose, V C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) in the inner Galactic region $10^0 < l < 15^0$ and $-1^0 < b < 1^0$ are studied using GLIMPSE images and GLIMPSE data catalogue. A total number of 1107 Class I and 1566 Class II sources are identified in this Galactic region. With the help of GLIMPSE 5.8 $μ$m & 8 $μ$m images, we have identified the presence of 10 major star forming sites in the Galactic midplane, of which 8 of them are filamentary while 2 are possible clusters of Class I $&$ II sources. The length of the identified filaments are estimated as 8'-33' ($\sim$ 9 - 56 pc). Occurrence of Hub-Filamentary System (HFS) is observed in many filamentary star forming sites. Most of the Class I sources are found to be aligned along the length of these filamentary structures, while Class II sources have a random distribution. Mass and age distribution of 425 Class I and 241 Class II sources associated with filaments & clusters are studied through their SED analysis. Most of the Class I sources detected have mass $>$ 8M$_\odot$, while Class II sources have relatively low mass regime. Class I sources have ages $\le$ 0.5 Myr, while Class II sources have ages in the range $\sim$0.1 - 3 Myr. Along with the help of high mass star forming tracers, we demonstrate that the 10 regions studied here are forming a large number of high-mass stars.
description: 19 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Lecture Materials for Course in Cloud Physics and Cloud Dynamics
Creators: name: Snider, Jefferson
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: cloud physics
subject: cloud dynamics
subject: oer
subject: lecture notes

description: Lecture Materials for the course ATSC5011. ATSC5011 is a graduate-level investigation of the behavior of clouds and the behavior of hydrometeors within clouds. Topics include cloud dynamics, shortwave and longwave radiation transport through clouds, activation of aerosol to droplets, nucleation of ice crystals, diffusion growth of droplets and ice crystals, and rain and snow development via collection.
Employment from Mining and Agricultural Investments: How Much Myth, How Much Reality?
Creators: name: Cordes, Kaitlin Y.
name: Östensson, Olle
name: Toledano, Perrine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Agriculture--Economic aspects
Sustainable development
Land use--Planning
Mineral industries
Labor economics

description: The employment potential of investments in extractive industry projects and land acquisitions for agriculture is often touted both by governments and by companies in support of investor-friendly policies and large-scale investments in natural resources. However, many have noted that the number of local jobs created by these investments rarely meets the numbers promised, and the jobs that are created are often low-skill. In order to assess the potential employment impacts of these sectors, and whether and how employment from natural resource investments contributes to sustainable economic development, a more critical look at local employment impacts is needed. To this end, this report aims to clarify the processes and impacts of job creation driven by large-scale mining and agricultural investments, and to suggest how policies can improve employment outcomes.
AJP Supplemental File_Resubmission.docx
Creators: name: Skolik, Robert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60104 Cell Metabolism
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplemental files for "Global Changes to HepG2 Cell Metabolism in Response to Galactose Treatment".
Corticosteroids and Pediatric Septic Shock Outcomes: A Risk Stratified Analysis
Creators: name: Atkinson, Sarah J.
name: Cvijanovich, Natalie Z.
name: Thomas, Neal J.
name: Allen, Geoffrey L.
name: Anas, Nick
name: Bigham, Michael T.
name: Hall, Mark
name: Freishtat, Robert J.
name: Sen, Anita
name: Meyer, Keith
name: Checchia, Paul A.
name: Shanley, Thomas P.
name: Nowak, Jeffrey
name: Quasney, Michael
name: Weiss, Scott L.
name: Banschbach, Sharon
name: Beckman, Eileen
name: Howard, Kelli
name: Frank, Erin
name: Harmon, Kelli
name: Lahni, Patrick
name: Lindsell, Christopher J.
name: Wong, Hector R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Adrenocortical hormones
Pediatrics
Septic shock
Medical sciences

description: Background

The potential benefits of corticosteroids for septic shock may depend on initial mortality risk.

Objective

We determined associations between corticosteroids and outcomes in children with septic shock who were stratified by initial mortality risk.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis of an ongoing, multi-center pediatric septic shock clinical and biological database. Using a validated biomarker-based stratification tool (PERSEVERE), 496 subjects were stratified into three initial mortality risk strata (low, intermediate, and high). Subjects receiving corticosteroids during the initial 7 days of admission (n = 252) were compared to subjects who did not receive corticosteroids (n = 244). Logistic regression was used to model the effects of corticosteroids on 28-day mortality and complicated course, defined as death within 28 days or persistence of two or more organ failures at 7 days.

Results

Subjects who received corticosteroids had greater organ failure burden, higher illness severity, higher mortality, and a greater requirement for vasoactive medications, compared to subjects who did not receive corticosteroids. PERSEVERE-based mortality risk did not differ between the two groups. For the entire cohort, corticosteroids were associated with increased risk of mortality (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.3–4.0, p = 0.004) and a complicated course (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1–2.5, p = 0.012). Within each PERSEVERE-based stratum, corticosteroid administration was not associated with improved outcomes. Similarly, corticosteroid administration was not associated with improved outcomes among patients with no comorbidities, nor in groups of patients stratified by PRISM.

Conclusions

Risk stratified analysis failed to demonstrate any benefit from corticosteroids in this pediatric septic shock cohort.
Readout Electronics for CBM-TOF Super Module Quality Evaluation
Creators: name: Jiang, Wei
name: Huang, Xiru
name: Cao, Ping
name: Li, Chao
name: Wang, Junru
name: Li, Jiawen
name: Yuan, Jianhui
name: An, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A super module assembled with MRPC detectors is a component of TOF (Time of Flight) system for the Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment. Before the super modules are applied to CBM-TOF, their quality needs to be evaluated. The readout electronics is confronted with a tremendous challenge of transmitting data at the maximal speed of 6 Gbps. In this paper, the readout method for CBM-TOF super module quality evaluation is presented. A parallel architecture based on the Gigabit Ethernet is designed to meet the requirement for data transmission rate. First, the data is sent from the front-end electronics to four readout module groups via optical fibers at the maximal rate of 1.5 Gbps per fiber. Next, the data are further distributed to sixteen parallel daughter readout models so that the maximal data throughput of each daughter readout module is 375 Mbps, within its capacity of 550 Mbps. Finally, the readout daughter modules send data to the data acquisition (DAQ) software through standard Gigabit Ethernet. The proposed readout method has the advantage of good scalability, so it can meet different requirements for variable data rate. The preliminary test result shows that each of four parallel readout groups can transmit data at the speed of 1.6 Gbps, which indicates that the overall readout system can meet the requirement for the maximal data-transmission speed of 6 Gbps.
title: FagVtaL MarIæ In Haertfeldia CVLtæ Das ist: IetzIg HärtfeLDIsCher BVChbaVM Durch ein feyerliches Jubel- und Dankfest Bey der Wallfahrt Unser Lieben Frau Mariä Buche genannt; [1763]
title: In einer acht tägigen Solemnität mit acht abgesungenen Hochämtern, und eben so viel vorgetragenen Lobreden geehret Auf dem Härtfelde in Schwaben Ohnweit dem ohnmittelbahren Stifte und Gotteshause Neresheim, Benediktiner Ordens, und in desselben Pfarrey gelegen. Nach Zuruck gelegtem ersten Jahre hunderte gemelter Wallfahrt Im Jahre 1763. Von dem 26ten Brachmonath bis zum 3ten Heumonath
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hansen, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2014

description: Mutmaßl. Verf.: Hansen, Wilhelm
Component separation of two-component fermion clouds in a spin-dependent external potential by spin-density-functional theory
Creators: name: Xianlong, Gao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the component separation in one-dimensional two-component fermion clouds in a spin-dependent external potential. The density distributions and the state diagram are studied by means of spin-dependent density-functional theory. The component separation between spin-up and spin-down atoms is induced by the interplay of the spin-dependent harmonic confinement and the strong repulsive interaction between the inter-components. We find the existence of a threshold repulsive interaction strength above which the component separation evolves. Different state diagrams are mapped out numerically, from which two regions are distinguished, i.e., the phase-mixed region with both spin-up and spin-down mixtures in the center of the trap and the phase-separated region with only spin-up atoms remaining in the center.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1917-03)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765
subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Regularizing effect for some p-Laplacian systems
Creators: name: Durastanti, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study existence and regularity of weak solutions for the following $p$-Laplacian system \begin{cases} -Δ_p u+Aφ^{θ+1}|u|^{r-2}u=f, \ &u\in W_0^{1,p}(Ω),\\-Δ_p φ=|u|^rφ^θ, \ &φ\in W_0^{1,p}(Ω), \end{cases} where $Ω$ is an open bounded subset of $\mathbb{R}^N$ $(N\geq 2)$, $Δ_p v :=\operatorname{div}(|\nabla v|^{p-2}\nabla v)$ is the $p$-Laplacian operator, for $10$, $r>1$, $0\leqθ
description: 15 pages
Dactylomys peruanus J. A. Allen 1900
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Dactylomys
Dactylomys peruanus

description: Dactylomys peruanus J. A. Allen, 1900. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13: 220. TYPE LOCALITY: Peru, Puno Dept., Inca Mines. DISTRIBUTION: S. E. Peru. COMMENT: Type locality corrected in Allen, 1901, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 14:41-46.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 586, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
Quantitative Evaluation of Collagen Crosslinks and Corresponding Tensile Mechanical Properties in Mouse Cervical Tissue during Normal Pregnancy
Creators: name: Yoshida, Kyoko
name: Jiang, Hongfeng
name: Kim, MiJung
name: Vink, Joy-Sarah Yumiko
name: Cremers, Serge
name: Paik, David C.
name: Wapner, Ronald J.
name: Mahendroo, Mala
name: Myers, Kristin M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Collagen
Cervix uteri
Tissues--Mechanical properties
Obstetrics
Gynecology
Biology

description: The changes in the mechanical integrity of the cervix during pregnancy have implications for a successful delivery. Cervical collagens are known to remodel extensively in mice with progressing gestation leading to a soft cervix at term. During this process, mature crosslinked collagens are hypothesized to be replaced with immature less crosslinked collagens to facilitate cervical softening and ripening. To determine the mechanical role of collagen crosslinks during normal mouse cervical remodeling, tensile load-to-break tests were conducted for the following time points: nonpregnant (NP), gestation day (d) 6, 12, 15, 18 and 24 hr postpartum (PP) of the 19-day gestation period. Immature crosslinks (HLNL and DHLNL) and mature crosslinks (DPD and PYD) were measured using ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS). There were no significant changes in the total immature crosslink density (HLNL+DHLNL mol per collagen mol) throughout normal mouse gestation (range: 0.31–0.49). Total mature crosslink density (PYD+DPD mol per collagen mol) decreased significantly in early softening from d6 to d15 (d6: 0.17, d12: 0.097, d15: 0.026) and did not decrease with further gestation. The maturity ratio (total mature to total immature crosslinks) significantly decreased in early softening from d6 to d15 (d6: 0.2, d15: 0.074). All of the measured crosslinks correlated significantly with a measure of tissue stiffness and strength, with the exception of the immature crosslink HLNL. This data provides quantitative evidence to support the hypothesis that as mature crosslinked collagens decline, they are replaced by immature collagens to facilitate increased tissue compliance in the early softening period from d6 to d15.
Complete extension: the non-signaling analog of quantum purification
Creators: name: Winczewski, Marek
name: Das, Tamoghna
name: Selby, John H.
name: Horodecki, Karol
name: Horodecki, Paweł
name: Pankowski, Łukasz
name: Piani, Marco
name: Ramanathan, Ravishankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deriving quantum mechanics from information-theoretic postulates is a recent research direction taken, in part, with the view of finding a beyond-quantum theory; once the postulates are clear, we can consider modifications to them. A key postulate is the purification postulate, which we propose to replace by a more generally applicable postulate that we call the complete extension postulate (CEP), i.e., the existence of an extension of a physical system from which one can generate any other extension. This new concept leads to a plethora of open questions and research directions in the study of general theories satisfying the CEP (which may include a theory that hyper-decoheres to quantum theory). For example, we show that the CEP implies the impossibility of bit-commitment. This is exemplified by a case study of the theory of non-signalling behaviors which we show satisfies the CEP. We moreover show that in certain cases the complete extension will not be pure, highlighting the key divergence from the purification postulate.
description: 29 + 42 pages, 9 figures and 2 tables
Computable embeddings for pairs of linear orders
Creators: name: Bazhenov, Nikolay
name: Ganchev, Hristo
name: Vatev, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C57, 03D45

description: We study computable embeddings for pairs of structures, i.e. for classes containing precisely two non-isomorphic structures. Surprisingly, even for some pairs of simple linear orders, computable embeddings induce a non-trivial degree structure. Our main result shows that $\{ω\cdot k,ω^\star \cdot k\}$ is computably embeddable in $\{ω\cdot t, ω^\star \cdot t\}$ iff $k$ divides $t$.
description: 20 pages
Spin polarization oscillations in a magnetically inhomogeneous conducting ring
Creators: name: Pyshkin, P. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The real part of the conductance of a 1D conducting ring with magnetic properties that vary along the conductor is examined. The possibility of exciting a new type of spin polarization oscillations in the ring with an external emf is analyzed.
title: Borehole database for urban geological mapping, southern Auckland area, New Zealand
Creators: name: Hill, Matthew P.
Publisher: name: GNS Science
Year: 2019

description: This report documents the results of a compilation of geological information from boreholes in the southern Auckland area as part of GNS Science’s urban geological mapping initiative and for Auckland Council. A total of 34,733 geological records from 2,324 boreholes in the southern Auckland area have been compiled into a digital database. Information in the database also includes geotechnical measurements such as those recorded using the Standard Penetration Test and shear vane methods. The borehole log data were obtained from the New Zealand Geotechnical Database as well as other sources, mainly scans of paper borehole logs. Data compilation focused on the bore drillers’ or geologists’ descriptions of materials encountered during drilling. Lithological interval descriptions were entered verbatim from the borehole records and an interpretation of the geological formation was made from that description. A subjective ranking value is assigned to each borehole to signal the relative quality of the information so that confidence modelling can be applied to 3D and other interpretations of the borehole data. The compiled and interpreted borehole data are currently stored in a Microsoft Access™ database for management and integration of data into Geographic Information System, 3D modelling and other data interpretation software. The database has been designed around GeoSciML (a data model and data transfer standard for geological information) and other data standards as well as formatting standards required by 3D modelling software. The report provides maps illustrating 2D geological information that can be displayed from the borehole database as well as illustrations of preliminary 3D geological models. (auth)
Infvndibvlvm Grammaticae Latinae Sive LI. Exercitia Latina Qvibvs Grammatica Tota Comprehensa Facile Infvndi Et Crebra Repetitione Imprimi Potest Vt Vix Efflvere Memoria Qveat; 1776
Creators: name: Muzel, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2014

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Berolini Impensis Friderici Nicolai. MDCCLXXVI.
How congestion shapes cities: from mobility patterns to scaling
Creators: name: Louf, Rémi
name: Barthelemy, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent availability of data for cities has allowed scientists to exhibit scalings which present themselves in the form of a power-law dependence with population of various socio-economical and structural indicators. We propose here a dynamical, stochastic theory of urban growth which accounts for some of the observed scalings and we confirm these results on US and OECD empirical data. In particular, we show that the dependence with population size of the total number of miles driven daily, the total length of the road network, the total traffic delay, the total consumption of gasoline, the quantity of $CO_2$ emitted and the relation between area and population of cities, are all governed by a single parameter which characterizes the sensitivity to congestion. Finally, our results suggest that diseconomies associated with congestion scale superlinearly with population size, implying that, despite polycentrism, cities whose transportation infrastructure rely heavily on traffic sensitive modes are unsustainable.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables; modified version with additional discussions and references
Selection of Reference Genes for Quantitative Real-Time PCR Normalization in Panax ginseng at Different Stages of Growth and in Different Organs
Creators: name: Liu, Jing
name: Wang, Qun
name: Sun, Minying
name: Zhu, Linlin
name: Yang, Michael
name: Zhao, Yu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Polymerase chain reaction
Gene expression
Ginseng
Molecular biology
Biology

description: Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) has become a widely used method for gene expression analysis; however, its data interpretation largely depends on the stability of reference genes. The transcriptomics of Panax ginseng, one of the most popular and traditional ingredients used in Chinese medicines, is increasingly being studied. Furthermore, it is vital to establish a series of reliable reference genes when qRT-PCR is used to assess the gene expression profile of ginseng. In this study, we screened out candidate reference genes for ginseng using gene expression data generated by a high-throughput sequencing platform. Based on the statistical tests, 20 reference genes (10 traditional housekeeping genes and 10 novel genes) were selected. These genes were tested for the normalization of expression levels in five growth stages and three distinct plant organs of ginseng by qPCR. These genes were subsequently ranked and compared according to the stability of their expressions using geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper computational programs. Although the best reference genes were found to vary across different samples, CYP and EF-1α were the most stable genes amongst all samples. GAPDH/30S RPS20, CYP/60S RPL13 and CYP/QCR were the optimum pair of reference genes in the roots, stems, and leaves. CYP/60S RPL13, CYP/eIF-5A, aTUB/V-ATP, eIF-5A/SAR1, and aTUB/pol IIa were the most stably expressed combinations in each of the five developmental stages. Our study serves as a foundation for developing an accurate method of qRT-PCR and will benefit future studies on gene expression profiles of Panax Ginseng.
Reducing beam hardening effects and metal artefacts using Medipix3RX: With applications from biomaterial science
Creators: name: Rajendran, K.
name: Walsh, M. F.
name: de Ruiter, N. J. A.
name: Chernoglazov, A. I.
name: Panta, R. K.
name: Butler, A. P. H.
name: Butler, P. H.
name: Bell, S. T.
name: Anderson, N. G.
name: Woodfield, T. B. F.
name: Tredinnick, S. J.
name: Healy, J. L.
name: Bateman, C. J.
name: Aamir, R.
name: Doesburg, R. M. N.
name: Renaud, P. F.
name: Gieseg, S. P.
name: Smithies, D. J.
name: Mohr, J. L.
name: Mandalika, V. B. H.
name: Opie, A. M. T.
name: Cook, N. J.
name: Ronaldson, J. P.
name: Nik, S. J.
name: Atharifard, A.
name: Clyne, M.
name: Bones, P. J.
name: Bartneck, C.
name: Grasset, R.
name: Schleich, N.
name: Billinghurst, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper discusses methods for reducing beam hardening effects using spectral data for biomaterial applications. A small-animal spectral scanner operating in the diagnostic energy range was used. We investigate the use of photon-processing features of the Medipix3RX ASIC in reducing beam hardening and associated artefacts. A fully operational charge summing mode was used during the imaging routine. We present spectral data collected for metal alloy samples, its analysis using algebraic 3D reconstruction software and volume visualisation using a custom volume rendering software. Narrow high energy acquisition using the photon-processing detector revealed substantial reduction in beam hardening effects and metal artefacts.
Unsupervised Deconvolution of Dynamic Imaging Reveals Intratumor Vascular Heterogeneity and Repopulation Dynamics
Creators: name: Chen, Li
name: Choyke, Peter L.
name: Wang, Niya
name: Clarke, Robert
name: Bhujwalla, Zaver M.
name: Hillman, Elizabeth M.C.
name: Wang, Ge
name: Wang, Yue
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Pharmacokinetics
Breast--Cancer--Treatment
Tumors
Medical sciences
Oncology
Biomedical engineering

description: With the existence of biologically distinctive malignant cells originated within the same tumor, intratumor functional heterogeneity is present in many cancers and is often manifested by the intermingled vascular compartments with distinct pharmacokinetics. However, intratumor vascular heterogeneity cannot be resolved directly by most in vivo dynamic imaging. We developed multi-tissue compartment modeling (MTCM), a completely unsupervised method of deconvoluting dynamic imaging series from heterogeneous tumors that can improve vascular characterization in many biological contexts. Applying MTCM to dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of breast cancers revealed characteristic intratumor vascular heterogeneity and therapeutic responses that were otherwise undetectable. MTCM is readily applicable to other dynamic imaging modalities for studying intratumor functional and phenotypic heterogeneity, together with a variety of foreseeable applications in the clinic.
Alzheimer's Therapeutics Targeting Amyloid Beta 1–42 Oligomers II: Sigma-2/PGRMC1 Receptors Mediate Abeta 42 Oligomer Binding and Synaptotoxicity
Creators: name: Izzo, Nicholas J.
name: Xu, Jinbin
name: Zeng, Chenbo
name: Kirk, Molly J.
name: Mozzoni, Kelsie
name: Silky, Colleen
name: Rehak, Courtney
name: Yurko, Raymond
name: Look, Gary
name: Rishton, Gilbert
name: Safferstein, Hank
name: Cruchaga, Carlos
name: Goate, Alison
name: Cahill, Michael A.
name: Arancio, Ottavio
name: Mach, Robert H.
name: Craven, Rolf
name: Head, Elizabeth
name: LeVine III, Harry
name: Spires-Jones, Tara L.
name: Catalano, Susan M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Oligomers
subject: Therapeutics
subject: Alzheimer's disease
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cytology
subject: Medical sciences

description: Amyloid beta (Abeta) 1–42 oligomers accumulate in brains of patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and disrupt synaptic plasticity processes that underlie memory formation. Synaptic binding of Abeta oligomers to several putative receptor proteins is reported to inhibit long-term potentiation, affect membrane trafficking and induce reversible spine loss in neurons, leading to impaired cognitive performance and ultimately to anterograde amnesia in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We have identified a receptor not previously associated with AD that mediates the binding of Abeta oligomers to neurons, and describe novel therapeutic antagonists of this receptor capable of blocking Abeta toxic effects on synapses in vitro and cognitive deficits in vivo. Knockdown of sigma-2/PGRMC1 (progesterone receptor membrane component 1) protein expression in vitro using siRNA results in a highly correlated reduction in binding of exogenous Abeta oligomers to neurons of more than 90%. Expression of sigma-2/PGRMC1 is upregulated in vitro by treatment with Abeta oligomers, and is dysregulated in Alzheimer's disease patients' brain compared to age-matched, normal individuals. Specific, high affinity small molecule receptor antagonists and antibodies raised against specific regions on this receptor can displace synthetic Abeta oligomer binding to synaptic puncta in vitro and displace endogenous human AD patient oligomers from brain tissue sections in a dose-dependent manner. These receptor antagonists prevent and reverse the effects of Abeta oligomers on membrane trafficking and synapse loss in vitro and cognitive deficits in AD mouse models. These findings suggest sigma-2/PGRMC1 receptors mediate saturable oligomer binding to synaptic puncta on neurons and that brain penetrant, small molecules can displace endogenous and synthetic oligomers and improve cognitive deficits in AD models. We propose that sigma-2/PGRMC1 is a key mediator of the pathological effects of Abeta oligomers in AD and is a tractable target for small molecule disease-modifying therapeutics.
Scaling Behavior of the Heisenberg Model in Three Dimensions
Creators: name: Gordillo-Guerrero, A.
name: Kenna, R.
name: Ruiz-Lorenzo, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on extensive numerical simulations of the three-dimensional Heisenberg model and its analysis through finite-size scaling of Lee-Yang zeros. Besides the critical regime, we also investigate scaling in the ferromagnetic phase. We show that, in this case of broken symmetry, the corrections to scaling contain information on the Goldstone modes. We present a comprehensive Lee-Yang analysis, including the density of zeros and confirm recent numerical estimates for critical exponents.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
Asymptotic behavior and existence of solutions for singular elliptic equations
Creators: name: Durastanti, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the asymptotic behavior, as $γ$ tends to infinity, of solutions for the homogeneous Dirichlet problem associated to singular semilinear elliptic equations whose model is $$ -Δu=\frac{f(x)}{u^γ}\,\text{ in }Ω, $$ where $Ω$ is an open, bounded subset of $\RN$ and $f$ is a bounded function. We deal with the existence of a limit equation under two different assumptions on $f$: either strictly positive on every compactly contained subset of $Ω$ or only nonnegative. Through this study we deduce optimal existence results of positive solutions for the homogeneous Dirichlet problem associated to $$ -Δv + \frac{|\nabla v|^2}{v} = f\,\text{ in }Ω. $$
description: 31 pages
Case Study: Sustainability Planning in New York City
Creators: name: Cohen, Steven Alan
name: Small, Courtney
name: Silva, Madeline
name: Martinez, Hayley
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Infrastructure (Economics)--Planning
Municipal government
Public administration
Sustainability

description: Under former Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg, New York City adopted one of the most aggressive sustainability policies in U.S. government. Responding to the needs of future New Yorkers, the city analyzed its anticipated growth, the growth rate of services required to meet the needs of a growing population, and the impact of that population on aging infrastructure, and developed a sustainability roadmap that has served as a model for cities around the world.
Octahedral developing of knot complement II: Ptolemy coordinates and applications
Creators: name: Kim, Hyuk
name: Kim, Seonhwa
name: Yoon, Seokbeom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 57M27, 55S35

description: It is known that a knot complement (minus two points) decomposes into ideal octahedra with respect to a given knot diagram. In this paper, we study the Ptolemy variety for such an octahedral decomposition in perspective of Thurston's gluing equation variety. More precisely, we compute explicit Ptolemy coordinates in terms of segment and region variables, the coordinates of the gluing equation variety motivated from the volume conjecture. As a consequence, we present an explicit formula for computing the obstruction to lifting a $(\mathrm{PSL}(2,\mathbb{C}),P)$-representation of the knot group to a $(\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{C}),P)$-representation. We also present a diagrammatic algorithm to compute a holonomy representation of the knot group.
description: 32 pages, 21 figues
Sterile neutrinos in U(1)' with R-parity Violation
Creators: name: Frank, Mariana
name: Selbuz, Levent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by results from short-baseline neutrino oscillation data, we study neutrino masses and mixing in U(1)' supersymmetric models with R-parity breaking. Whether R-parity is broken spontaneous or through (effective) bilinear terms in the Lagrangian, the breaking terms induce mixing between the neutralinos and neutrinos, creating a scenario in which some neutralinos can be heavy, and some light. Both the right-handed neutrino and the singlino (fermionic partner of the additional singlet Higgs field) can be light, and act as sterile neutrinos, which reconcile some of the anomalies observed in solar baseline and reactor experiments. We show that, scanning a large range of the parameter space satisfying solar and atmospheric neutrino constraints, the mass and mixing parameters of the sterile neutrinos are very restrictive, leading to some predictive features for the U(1)' scenarios.
description: 28 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in PRD
A Teaching Note on the Role of Distance Learning in Case Instruction: The Course in Sustainability Management at Columbia University
Creators: name: Cohen, Steven Alan
name: Miller, Alison
name: Sommerville, Janelle B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Educational technology
Distance education--Computer-assisted instruction
Management--Study and teaching (Continuing education)
Education, Higher
Curriculum planning
Curriculum evaluation
Environmental education

description: This paper describes the role of online instruction in one traditional case-based course at Columbia University. We first discuss the benefits of online instruction, then detail the experience within one course, Sustainability Management, which experimented with incorporating elements of online learning into its traditional face-to-face instruction, and then analyze our experience with this innovation. The purpose of this paper is primarily descriptive: to provide a summary of the methods by which online education can be formatted within the context of case-based in-person courses to help other universities that may be planning similar courses of study.
The targum (1933:Feb. 1 - 1933:Feb. 25)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1933

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.