cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Role of Geography in the Genesis and Evolution of Environmental Rights in Montana
Creators: name: Owad, Kathryn Rose
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Montana
subject: Constitution
subject: Environmental Rights
subject: Geography and Law
subject: Human Environment Relationship
subject: Environmental Ethic
subject: Environmental Movement
subject: Civil Society
subject: Anaconda Copper Company
subject: Self Executing Environmental Rights
subject: Constitutional Convention
subject: Environmental Law
subject: State Constitution
subject: Geography
subject: History--United States
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Engineering--Environmental

description: A constitution is the repository of a society’s most cherished values and future ambitions, and offers any right enumerated therein the highest amount of legal protection. In 1972, the citizens of the State of Montana entrenched within their State Constitution the right to a clean and healthful environment, as well as several additional environmental guarantees. This constitutionalization of environmental values signified a shift in Montana’s identity from a historic natural resources colony, to a state with environmental consciousness. This case study utilized two qualitative research approaches, narrative history and document analysis, to conclude that Montanans’ development of an environmental ethic, and the consequential enshrinement of environmental rights, resulted from a combination of distinct geographic, political, historical, and social phenomena. Although Montana courts have developed a relatively strong precedent for implementing these environmental provisions, the true strength of these rights remains tentative and depends on future judicial review and citizen involvement.
New Wrinkles on an Old Model: Correlation Between Liquid Drop Parameters and Curvature Term
Creators: name: Moretto, Luciano G.
name: Elliott, James B.
name: Lake, Peter T.
name: Phair, Larry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relationship between the volume and surface energy coefficients in the liquid drop A^{-1/3} expansion of nuclear masses is discussed. The volume and surface coefficients in the liquid drop expansion share the same physical origin and their physical connection is used to extend the expansion with a curvature term. A possible generalization of the Wigner term is also suggested. This connection between coefficients is used to fit the experimental nuclear masses. The excellent fit obtained with a smaller number of parameters validates the assumed physical connection.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Spectroscopic analysis of the two subgiant branches of the globular cluster NGC1851
Creators: name: Gratton, R. G.
name: Villanova, S.
name: Lucatello, S.
name: Sollima, A.
name: Geisler, D.
name: Carretta, E.
name: Cassisi, S.
name: Bragaglia, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC1851 possibly shows a spread in [Fe/H], but the relation between this spread and the division in the SGB is unknown. We obtained blue (3950-4600 A) intermediate resolution (R~8,000) spectra for 47 stars on the bright and 30 on the faint SGB of NGC 1851 (b-SGB and f-SGB, respectively). The determination of the atmospheric parameters to extremely high internal accuracy leads to small errors when comparing different stars in the cluster. We found that the b-SGB is slightly more metal-poor than the f-SGB, with [Fe/H]=-1.227+/-0.009 and [Fe/H]=-1.162+/- 0.012, respectively. This implies that the f-SGB is only slightly older by ~0.6 Gyr than the b-SGB if the total CNO abundance is constant. There are more C-normal stars in the b-SGB than in the f-SGB. This is consistent with what is found for HB stars, if b-SGB are the progenitors of red HB stars, and f-SGB those of blue HB ones. The abundances of the n-capture elements Sr and Ba have a bimodal distribution, reflecting the separation between f-SGB (Sr and Ba-rich) and b-SGB stars (Sr and Ba-poor). In both groups, there is a clear correlation between [Sr/Fe] and [Ba/Fe], suggesting that there is a real spread in the abundances of n-capture elements. There is some correlation between C and Ba abundances, while the same correlation for Sr is much more dubious. We identified six C-rich stars, which have a moderate overabundance of Sr and Ba and rather low N abundances. This group of stars might be the progenitors of these on the anomalous RGB in the (v, v-y) diagram. These results are discussed within different scenarios for the formation of NGC1851. It is possible that the two populations originated in different regions of an inhomogeneous parent object. However, the striking similarity with M22 calls for a similar evolution for these two clusters. Deriving reliable CNO abundances for the two sequences would be crucial.
description: Accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysics; 16 pages, 20 figures
Discovering reliable causal rules
Creators: name: Budhathoki, Kailash
name: Boley, Mario
name: Vreeken, Jilles
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We study the problem of deriving policies, or rules, that when enacted on a complex system, cause a desired outcome. Absent the ability to perform controlled experiments, such rules have to be inferred from past observations of the system's behaviour. This is a challenging problem for two reasons: First, observational effects are often unrepresentative of the underlying causal effect because they are skewed by the presence of confounding factors. Second, naive empirical estimations of a rule's effect have a high variance, and, hence, their maximisation typically leads to spurious results. To address these issues, we first identify conditions on the underlying causal system that—by correcting for the effect of potential confounders—allow estimating the causal effect from observational data. Importantly, we provide a criterion under which causal rule discovery is possible. Moreover, to discover reliable causal rules from a sample, we propose a conservative and consistent estimator of the causal effect, and derive an efficient and exact algorithm that maximises the estimator. Extensive experiments on a variety of real-world and synthetic datasets show that the proposed estimator converges faster to the ground truth than the naive estimator, recovers causal rules even at small sample sizes, and the proposed algorithm efficiently discovers meaningful rules.
Strangeness and the Quark-Gluon Plasma: Thirty Years of Discovery
Creators: name: Müller, Berndt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review some aspects of the role of strange quarks in hot QCD matter and as probes of quark deconfinement at high temperature.
description: Invited talk presented at SQM2011, Krakow (Poland), September 18-24, 2011
A new example of non-amorphous association schemes
Creators: name: Munemasa, Akihiro
name: Ikuta, Takuya
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2008

description: E. R. van Dam gave an example of primitive non-amorphous 

association schemes in which every nontrivial relation is a 

strongly regular graph, as a fusion scheme of 

the cyclotomic scheme of class $45$ on $¥GF(2^{12})$. 

The aim of this paper is to present a new example of 

primitive non-amorphous association schemes in which 

every nontrivial relation is a strongly regular graph, 

as a fusion scheme of the cyclotomic scheme of 

class $75$ on $¥GF(2^{20})$. We also propose 

an infinite family of parameters of association schemes

containing both of these two examples.
description: Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 3, No 2 (2008)
Thermal conductivity of epitaxial graphene nanoribbons on SiC: effect of substrate
Creators: name: Guo, Zhi-Xin
name: Ding, J. W.
name: Gong, Xin-Gao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of SiC substrate on thermal conductivity of epitaxial graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) using the nonequilibrium molecular dynamics method. We show that the substrate has strong interaction with single-layer GNRs during the thermal transport, which largely reduces the thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity characteristics of suspended GNRs are well preserved in the second GNR layers of bilayer GNR, which has a weak van der Waals interaction with the underlying structures. The out-of-plane phonon mode is found to play a critical role on the thermal conductivity variation of the second GNR layer induced by the underlying structures.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Validation of Side-Channel Models via Observation Refinement
Creators: name: Buiras, Pablo
name: Nemati, Hamed
name: Lindner, Andreas
name: Guanciale, Roberto
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Observational models enable the analysis of information flow properties against side channels. Relational testing has been used to validate the soundness of these models by measuring the side channel on states that the model considers indistinguishable. However, unguided search can generate test states that are too similar to each other to invalidate the model. To address this we introduce observation refinement, a technique to guide the exploration of the state space to focus on hardware features of interest. We refine observational models to include fine-grained observations that characterize behavior that we want to exclude. States that yield equivalent refined observations are then ruled out, reducing the size of the space. We have extended an existing model validation framework, Scam-V, to support refinement. We have evaluated the usefulness of refinement for search guidance by analyzing cache coloring and speculative leakage in the ARMv8-A architecture. As a surprising result, we have exposed SiSCLoak, a new vulnerability linked to speculative execution in Cortex-A53.
Temporal motifs in time-dependent networks
Creators: name: Kovanen, Lauri
name: Karsai, Márton
name: Kaski, Kimmo
name: Kertész, János
name: Saramäki, Jari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Temporal networks are commonly used to represent systems where connections between elements are active only for restricted periods of time, such as networks of telecommunication, neural signal processing, biochemical reactions and human social interactions. We introduce the framework of temporal motifs to study the mesoscale topological-temporal structure of temporal networks in which the events of nodes do not overlap in time. Temporal motifs are classes of similar event sequences, where the similarity refers not only to topology but also to the temporal order of the events. We provide a mapping from event sequences to colored directed graphs that enables an efficient algorithm for identifying temporal motifs. We discuss some aspects of temporal motifs, including causality and null models, and present basic statistics of temporal motifs in a large mobile call network.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures; minor revisions
Viscoelastic finite-element models of the earthquake cycle along plate-boundary faults
Creators: name: Vaghri, Ali
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In this thesis I describe three related projects on the mechanics of plate bounding faults and fault systems. All of the projects involve viscoelastic earthquake cycle modeling, using the finite element method, and investigating how surface deformation is affected by viscoelastic relaxation or viscous shear zone creep. In the first project I develop test models to study how contrasts in material properties across a fault can affect surface deformation. I model contrasts in elastic plate thickness and in viscosity profiles across a strike-slip fault. I find that an offset between the surface trace of a fault and its position at depth (where it creeps), due to a non-vertical dip, may make interseismic deformation look asymmetric. Rheological contrasts do not yield dramatic asymmetry for models with realistic viscosity profiles and the sense of asymmetry in viscoelastic models actually reverses during the interseismic interval. In the second project, I model a set of parallel strike-slip faults, which allow relative motion of the North American and Pacific Plates in northern California. Geologic information allows me to take the timing of large earthquakes on these faults into account in the modeling, and I compare modeled surface deformation with GPS data from the region. I find that to explain the GPS velocity field, I must incorporate the dip of the faults into my model. The required dip for the Green Valley Fault in particular is consistent with new, double-difference hypocenter data from the region. The final project involves modeling Cascadia Subduction Zone earthquake cycles. This subduction zone has been modeled in the past, but always using a kinematic device (“backslip”) for modeling slip on the subduction interface. I developed a detailed profile model of the Cascadia Subduction Zone, based on data from the Lithoprobe project. Since the Subduction Zone has a curved profile and its slip is driven by relative motion of the model boundaries, the models produced unrealistic uplift along the North America plate boundary. I tested several approaches for preserving the geometry of the subduction interface. I suggest that a new implementation of split nodes in the finite-element method would be required to make this correction work.
Partially critical indecomposable graphs
Creators: name: Breiner, Andrew
name: Deogun, Jitender
name: Ille, Pierre
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2008

description: Given a graph G = (V,E), with each subset X of V is associated the subgraph G(X) of G induced by X.

A subset I of V is an interval of G provided that for any a, b 2 I and x 2 V \ I, {a, x} 2 E if and only if

{b, x} 2 E. For example, ;, {x}, where x 2 V , and V are intervals of G called trivial intervals. A graph

is indecomposable if all its intervals are trivial; otherwise, it is decomposable. Given an indecomposable

graph G = (V,E), consider a proper subset X of V such that |X|  4 and G(X) is indecomposable. The

graph G is critical according to G(X) if for every x 2 V \ X, G(V \ {x}) is decomposable. A graph is

partially critical if it is critical according to one of its indecomposable subgraphs containing at least 4

vertices. In this paper, we characterize the partially critical graphs.
description: Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 3, No 2 (2008)
On Embeddings,Traces and Multipliers in harmonic function spaces
Creators: name: Arsenovic, Milos
name: Shamoyan, Romi F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42 B 15

description: This paper is devoted to certain applications of classical Whitney decomposition of the upper half space R^n+1 to various problems in harmonic function spaces in the upper half space.We obtain sharp new assertions on embeddings,distances and traces for various spaces of harmonic functions New sharp theorems on multipliers for harmonic function spaces in the unit ball are also presented .
description: 17 pages
Differential Privacy Defenses and Sampling Attacks for Membership Inference
Creators: name: Rahimian, Shadi
name: Orekondy, Tribhuvanesh
name: Fritz, Mario
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Machine learning models are commonly trained on sensitive and personal data such as pictures, medical records, financial records, etc. A serious breach of the privacy of this training set occurs when an adversary is able to decide whether or not a specific data point in her possession was used to train a model. While all previous membership inference attacks rely on access to the posterior probabilities, we present the first attack which only relies on the predicted class label - yet shows high success rate.
Towards Meson Spectroscopy Instead of Bump Hunting
Creators: name: Rupp, George
name: Coito, Susana
name: van Beveren, Eef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mesonic resonances are generally observed in data as narrow, moderately broad, or wide peaks in scattering or production processes. In the eyes of nearly all experimentalists, any suchlike bump is a true resonance as soon as its statistical significance exceeds certain minimal values. However, this simple point of view ignores possible effects from competing hadronic channels and the opening of the corresponding thresholds. On the other hand, most theoretical hadron-model builders consider mesons merely bound states of a quark and an antiquark, or of more exotic combinations sometimes involving valence gluons as well. Also the latter description is much too naive, since considerable mass shifts or even the dynamical generation of extra states due to unquenching are equally ignored. In the present paper, a largely empirical yet very successful approach to meson spectroscopy is revisited, in which all the above phenomena can be accounted for non-perturbatively, with concrete examples of some enigmatic mesonic states described in detail. First, the X(4260) charmonium enhancement is argued to be a non-resonant structure resulting from depletion effects due to competing channels and resonances. Then, the X(3872) charmonium-like meson is described as a unitarised $J^{PC}=1^{++}$ $c\bar{c}$ state. Also, the unusual pattern of masses and widths of the open-charm axial-vector mesons $D_1(2420)$, $D_1(2430)$, $D_{s1}(2536)$, and $D_{s1}(2460)$ is shown to follow from highly non-perturbative coupled-channel and mixing effects. Finally, first indications of a very light scalar boson are presented, on the basis of published BABAR data.
description: Invited seminar given by G. Rupp at the International School of Nuclear Physics, 33rd course: "From Quarks and Gluons to Hadrons and Nuclei", Erice, Sicily, Italy, 16 - 24 September 2011; 7 pages, 5 figures (9 plots), style of Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics
Reading Argentinian Texts in the Open
Creators: name: del Rio, Gimena
name: Hernández, Nidia
name: De León, Romina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Digital Humanities

description: Reading Argentinian Texts in the Open
 * Gimena del Rio Riande (CONICET, Argentina)
 * Nidia Hernández (CONICET, Argentina)
 * Romina De León (CONICET, Argentina)
Advanced Methods for Efficient Digital Signal Processing and Matrix-Based Computations
Creators: name: Gomes Coelho, Diego Felipe
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fast Algorithms
subject: Digital Signal Processing
subject: Matrix Computation
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical

description: Modern engineering and scientific problems demand a great amount of data processing power. The type of data that needs to be processed varies from application to application. Image processing, genome matching, physics phenomena simulation, and cryptography are a few examples of processing-power demanding applications. In a wide range of those computationally intensive applications, the arithmetic complexity plays an important role, having direct impact on the implementation performance. In this thesis, we present several methods that are novel contributions of the author to some computationally intensive problems. The introduced methods reduce the overall computing time or other relevant hardware’ and software implementation metrics by decreasing the arithmetic complexity associated with each task. Verified results are shown with peer-reviewed journal papers in reputable journals. In particular, problems on signal processing, eigenvalue computation, and matrix inversion for radar image classification are considered.
The image slicer for the Subaru Telescope High Dispersion Spectrograph
Creators: name: Tajitsu, Akito
name: Aoki, Wako
name: Yamamuro, Tomoyasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the design, manufacturing, and performance of the image slicer for the High Dispersion Spectrograph (HDS) on the Subaru Telescope. This instrument is a Bowen-Walraven type image slicer providing five 0.3 arcsec x 1.5 arcsec images with a resolving power of R= 110,000. The resulting resolving power and line profiles are investigated in detail, including estimates of the defocusing effect on the resolving power. The throughput in the wavelength range from 400 to 700 nm is higher than 80%, thereby improving the efficiency of the spectrograph by a factor of 1.8 for 0.7 arcsec seeing.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, to appear in PASJ
Measurement of $π$, K, p transverse momentum spectra with ALICE in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 0.9 and 7 TeV
Creators: name: Chojnacki, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of the measurement of the $π$, K, p transverse momentum ($p_{\mathrm{t}}$) spectra at mid-rapidity in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV are presented. Particle identification was performed using the energy loss signal in the Inner Tracking System (ITS) and the Time Projection Chamber (TPC), while information from the Time-of-Flight (TOF) detector was used to identify particles at higher transverse momentum. From the spectra at $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV the mean transverse momentum ($$) and particle ratios were extracted and compared to results obtained for collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 0.9$ TeV and lower energies.
description: Quark Matter 2011 proceedings
"What's in the box?!": Deflecting Adversarial Attacks by Randomly Deploying Adversarially-Disjoint Models
Creators: name: Abdelnabi, Sahar
name: Fritz, Mario
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Machine learning models are now widely deployed in real-world applications. However, the existence of adversarial examples has been long considered a real threat to such models. While numerous defenses aiming to improve the robustness have been proposed, many have been shown ineffective. As these vulnerabilities are still nowhere near being eliminated, we propose an alternative deployment-based defense paradigm that goes beyond the traditional white-box and black-box threat models. Instead of training and deploying a single partially-robust model, one could train a set of same-functionality, yet, adversarially-disjoint models with minimal in-between attack transferability. These models could then be randomly and individually deployed, such that accessing one of them minimally affects the others. Our experiments on CIFAR-10 and a wide range of attacks show that we achieve a significantly lower attack transferability across our disjoint models compared to a baseline of ensemble diversity. In addition, compared to an adversarially trained set, we achieve a higher average robust accuracy while maintaining the accuracy of clean examples.
SampleFix: Learning to Generate Functionally Diverse Fixes
Creators: name: Hajipour, Hossein
name: Bhattacharyya, Apratim
name: Staicu, Cristian-Alexandru
name: Fritz, Mario
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Automatic program repair holds the potential of dramatically improving the productivity of programmers during the software development process and correctness of software in general. Recent advances in machine learning, deep learning, and NLP have rekindled the hope to eventually fully automate the process of repairing programs. However, previous approaches that aim to predict a single fix are prone to fail due to uncertainty about the true intend of the programmer. Therefore, we propose a generative model that learns a distribution over potential fixes. Our model is formulated as a deep conditional variational autoencoder that can efficiently sample fixes for a given erroneous program. In order to ensure diverse solutions, we propose a novel regularizer that encourages diversity over a semantic embedding space. Our evaluations on common programming errors show for the first time the generation of diverse fixes and strong improvements over the state-of-the-art approaches by fixing up to 45% of the erroneous programs. We additionally show that for the 65% of the repaired programs, our approach was able to generate multiple programs with diverse functionalities.
Weaving Instructional Leadership and Indigenous Knowledge: An Exploratory Case Study
Creators: name: Kraushaar, Ryan David
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Education--Administration

description: This study focused on the research question “What constitutes instructional leadership from a First Nation community school perspective?” The purpose of the study was to find out what constitutes instructional leadership through a First Nation and school community perspective. The hope of the research is that by weaving together Indigenous knowledge teachings and instructional leadership student outcomes would be improved. This qualitative case study implemented focus groups and semi-structured interviews that were respectful of local Indigenous protocols. Focus groups were used for teachers and semi-structured interviews were held for school leadership. Information was obtained through semi-structured questioning, and both focus groups and interviews were recorded then manually analyzed. The research study involved an extensive literature review on instructional leadership theories and practices, and Indigenous knowledges. The study found that instructional leadership in a First Nation school setting should: 1. Draw from First Nation teachings; 2. Focus on developing relational trust with students; 3. Demonstrate an ethic of care for the students and the community; 4. Have strong evidence of active and ongoing efforts to learn about First Nation teachings by the school community (e.g., teachers, staff, school leaders). It is recommended that instructional leaders in First Nation school contexts include Elders and community members in school planning and decision-making processes, and that instructional leaders create bridges between Indigenous and non-Indigenous knowledge teachings and content in curriculum.
S-spaces from free extensions
Creators: name: Sonnino, Angelo
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2008

description: We prove that there exist S-spaces containing an arbitrary number of non-isomorphic affine planes of any order. The proof is obtained by constructing some new S-spaces in two different ways. In one case we obtain S-spaces of finite order containing an infinite number of points, while in the other case we obtain S-spaces of infinite order.
description: Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 3, No 1 (2008)
Two character sets in  finite linear spaces
Creators: name: Napolitano, Vito
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2008

description: A set of type $(m,n)$ $\mathcal K$ is a set of points of a finite

linear space with the property that each line of the linear space

meets either $m$ or $n$ points of $\mathcal K$. In this paper,

sets of type $(m,n)$ in finite linear spaces with constant point

degree are studied, and some characterization results are given.
description: Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 3, No 1 (2008)
Additional file 6 of ISG15 targets glycosylated PD-L1 and promotes its degradation to enhance antitumor immune effects in lung adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Qu, Tongyuan
name: Zhang, Wenshuai
name: Yan, Chenhui
name: Ren, Danyang
name: Wang, Yalei
name: Guo, Yuhong
name: Guo, Qianru
name: Wang, Jinpeng
name: Liu, Liren
name: Han, Lei
name: Li, Lingmei
name: Huang, Qiujuan
name: Cao, Lu
name: Ye, Zhaoxiang
name: Zhang, Bin
name: Zhao, Qiang
name: Cao, Wenfeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 6. Antibodies and reagents.
Domain wall conduction in multiaxial ferroelectrics
Creators: name: Eliseev, Eugene A.
name: Morozovska, Anna N.
name: Svechnikov, George S.
name: Maksymovych, Peter
name: Kalinin, Sergei V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conductance of domain wall structures consisting of either stripes or cylindrical domains in multi-axial ferroelectric-semiconductors is analyzed. The effects of the domain size, wall tilt and curvature, on charge accumulation, are analyzed using the Landau-Ginsburg Devonshire (LGD) theory for polarization combined with Poisson equation for charge distributions. Both the classical ferroelectric parameters including expansion coefficients in 2-4-6 Landau potential and gradient terms, as well as flexoelectric coupling, inhomogeneous elastic strains and electrostriction are included in the present analysis. Spatial distributions of the ionized donors, free electrons and holes were found self-consistently using the effective mass approximation for the respective densities of states. The proximity and size effect of the electron and donor accumulation/depletion by thin stripe domains and cylindrical nanodomains are revealed. In contrast to thick domain stripes and thicker cylindrical domains, in which the carrier accumulation (and so the static conductivity) sharply increases at the domain walls only, small nanodomains of radius less then 5-10 correlation length appeared conducting across entire cross-section. Implications of such conductive nanosized channels may be promising for nanoelectronics.
description: 39 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, 4 appendices
OSCAR-P Validation, Deliverable D2.4 Final Release and Evaluation of the AI-SPRINT Design Tools.
Creators: name: Sala, Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This repository includes the code and results of analysis for predicting the average response time on unobserved points through interpolation of real data, reported in Deliverable D2.4 Final Release and Evaluation of the AI-SPRINT Design Tools. The folder is organised as follows: - **analyse_results.py** contains the code for observing the datasets, with which we filtered out the points at which wrong throughput and outliers were observed - **plot_train_test_predict.py** contains the code for plotting training and test sets, along with their predictions, on the same graph - the folder **simulations** contains the datasets on which we built the models and their configuration files, passed to the aMLLibrary library
Numerical solution of the radiative transfer equation: X-ray spectral formation from cylindrical accretion onto a magnetized neutron star
Creators: name: Farinelli, R.
name: Ceccobello, C.
name: Romano, P.
name: Titarchuk, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Predicting the emerging X-ray spectra in several astrophysical objects is of great importance, in particular when the observational data are compared with theoretical models. To this aim, we have developed an algorithm solving the radiative transfer equation in the Fokker-Planck approximation when both thermal and bulk Comptonization take place. The algorithm is essentially a relaxation method, where stable solutions are obtained when the system has reached its steady-state equilibrium. We obtained the solution of the radiative transfer equation in the two-dimensional domain defined by the photon energy E and optical depth of the system tau using finite-differences for the partial derivatives, and imposing specific boundary conditions for the solutions. We treated the case of cylindrical accretion onto a magnetized neutron star. We considered a blackbody seed spectrum of photons with exponential distribution across the accretion column and for an accretion where the velocity reaches its maximum at the stellar surface and at the top of the accretion column, respectively. In both cases higher values of the electron temperature and of the optical depth tau produce flatter and harder spectra. Other parameters contributing to the spectral formation are the steepness of the vertical velocity profile, the albedo at the star surface, and the radius of the accretion column. The latter parameter modifies the emerging spectra in a specular way for the two assumed accretion profiles. The algorithm has been implemented in the XSPEC package for X-ray spectral fitting and is specifically dedicated to the physical framework of accretion at the polar cap of a neutron star with a high magnetic field (> 10^{12} G), which is expected to be typical of accreting systems such as X-ray pulsars and supergiant fast X-ray transients.
description: 13 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Seismic groundroll prediction by interferometry and separation in curvelet domain
Creators: name: Yan, Jiupeng
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Groundroll is a type of surface wave that propagates along the Earth’s surface. Groundroll usually has low frequency, low velocity and high amplitude. Due to its high amplitude, groundroll almost always dominates reflected body waves in land seismic data and covers important reflection information. Therefore, removing groundroll noise is a very important step before seismic imaging. The most common methods used in industry to remove groundroll are the Fourier domain filtering methods based on the different characteristics of groundroll and reflections, i.e. the low frequency and low velocity properties of groundroll. However, groundroll and reflection usually have large overlap in both physical and frequency domain. Also groundroll is spatially aliased at normal receiver intervals causing additional processing difficulties. Therefore, a good separation of groundroll by Fourier domain filtering method is challenging. In this thesis, we propose a data-driven workflow to remove groundroll. Our workflow is motivated both by SRME (Surface Related Multiple Elimination) method and a recently proposed interferometry method for the prediction of groundroll. It consists of a prediction step based on interferometry and a robust separation step that involves curvelet domain matched filtering and sparsity promotion. Tests of our workflow on synthetic data show clear removal of large amplitude groundroll and preservation of seismic reflection events. Test of our separation step on real data shows improvement over conventional Fourier domain filtering methods.
Electromagnetic Excitation of Nucleon Resonances
Creators: name: Tiator, L.
name: Drechsel, D.
name: Kamalov, S. S.
name: Vanderhaeghen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent progress on the extraction of electromagnetic properties of nucleon resonance excitation through pion photo- and electroproduction is reviewed. Cross section data measured at MAMI, ELSA, and CEBAF are analyzed and compared to the analysis of other groups. On this basis, we derive longitudinal and transverse transition form factors for most of the four-star nucleon resonances. Furthermore, we discuss how the transition form factors can be used to obtain empirical transverse charge densities. Contour plots of the thus derived densities are shown for the Delta, Roper, S11, and D13 nucleon resonances.
description: 30 pages, 19 figures, 9 tables
Algebraic Adversaries in the Universal Composability Framework
Creators: name: Abdalla, Michel
name: Barbosa, Manuel
name: Katz, Jonathan
name: Loss, Julian
name: Xu, Jiayu
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: he algebraic-group model (AGM), which lies between the generic group model and the standard model of computation, provides a means by which to analyze the security of cryptosystems against so-called algebraic adversaries. We formalize the AGM within the framework of universal com- posability, providing formal definitions for this setting and proving an appropriate composition theorem. This extends the applicability of the AGM to more-complex protocols, and lays the foundations for analyzing algebraic adversaries in a composable fashion. Our results also clarify the meaning of com- posing proofs in the AGM with other proofs and they highlight a natural form of independence between idealized groups that seems inherent to the AGM and has not been made formal before—these insights also apply to the composition of game-based proofs in the AGM. We show the utility of our model by proving several important protocols universally composable for algebraic adversaries, specifically: (1) the Chou-Orlandi protocol for oblivious transfer, and (2) the SPAKE2 and CPace protocols for password-based authenticated key exchange.
A survey on semiovals
Creators: name: Kiss, György
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2008

description: A semioval in a finite projective plane is a non-empty pointset S with the property that for every point in $S$ there exists a unique line t_P such that $S \cap t_P = {P}$. This line is called the tangent to S at P.

Semiovals arise in several parts of finite geometries: as absolute points of a polarity (ovals, unitals), as special minimal blocking sets (vertexless triangle), in connection with cryptography (determining sets). We survey the results on semiovals and give some new proofs.
description: Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 3, No 1 (2008)
Neutrino superluminality without Cherenkov-like processes in Finslerian special relativity
Creators: name: Chang, Zhe
name: Li, Xin
name: Wang, Sai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Cohen and Glashow [A.G. Cohen, S.L. Glashow, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 107}, 181803 (2011)] pointed out that the superluminal neutrinos reported by the OPERA would lose their energy rapidly via the Cherenkov-like process. The Cherenkov-like process for the superluminal particles would be forbidden if the principle of special relativity holds in any frame instead violated with a preferred frame. We have proposed that the Finslerian special relativity could account for the data of the neutrino superluminality (arXiv:1110.6673[hep-ph]). The Finslerian special relativity preserves the principle of special relativity and involves a preferred direction while consists with the causality. In this paper, we prove that the energy-momentum conservation is preserved and the energy-momentum is well defined in Finslerian special relativity. The Cherenkov-like process is forbidden in the Finslerian special relativity. Thus, the superluminal neutrinos would not lose energy in their distant propagation.
description: 9 pages, no figure. Version for publication in PLB
What's Wrong With Black Hole Thermodynamics?
Creators: name: Lavenda, B. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Not only is the Bekenstein expression for the entropy of a black hole a convex function of the energy, rather than being a concave function as it must be, it predicts a final equilibrium temperature given by the harmonic mean. This violates the third law, and the principle of maximum work. The property that means are monotonically increasing functions of their argument underscores the error of transferring from temperature means to means in the internal energy when the energy is not a monotonically increasing function of temperature. Whereas the former leads to an increase in entropy, the latter lead to a decrease in entropy thereby violating the second law. The internal energy cannot increase at a slower rate than the temperature itself.
description: 4 pages
Magnetic activity and differential rotation in the young Sun-like stars KIC 7985370 and KIC 7765135
Creators: name: Fröhlich, H. -E.
name: Frasca, A.
name: Catanzaro, G.
name: Bonanno, A.
name: Corsaro, E.
name: Molenda-Żakowicz, J.
name: Klutsch, A.
name: Montes, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the two Sun-like stars KIC 7985370 and KIC 7765135, aimed at determining their activity level, spot distribution, and differential rotation. Both stars were discovered by us to be young stars and were observed by the NASA Kepler mission. The stellar parameters (vsini, spectral type, Teff, log g, and [Fe/H]) were derived from optical spectroscopy which allowed us also to study the chromospheric activity from the emission in the core of Hα and CaII IRT lines. The high-precision Kepler photometric data spanning over 229 days were then fitted with a robust spot model. Model selection and parameter estimation are performed in a Bayesian manner, using a Markov chain Monte Carlo method. Both stars came out to be Sun-like with an age of about 100-200 Myr, based on their lithium content and kinematics. Their youth is confirmed by the high level of chromospheric activity, comparable to that displayed by the early G-type stars in the Pleiades cluster. The flux ratio of the CaII-IRT lines suggests that the cores of these lines are mainly formed in optically-thick regions analogous to solar plages. The model of the light curves requires at least seven enduring spots for KIC 7985370 and nine spots for KIC 7765135 for a satisfactory fit. The assumption of longevity of the star spots, whose area is allowed to evolve in time, is at the heart of our approach. We found, for both stars, a rather high value of the equator-to-pole differential rotation (dΩ~0.18 rad/day) which is in contrast with the predictions of some mean-field models of differential rotation for fast-rotating stars. Our results are instead in agreement with previous works on solar-type stars and with other models which predict a higher latitudinal shear, increasing with equatorial angular velocity.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Precision simulation of ground-based lensing data using observations from space
Creators: name: Mandelbaum, Rachel
name: Hirata, Christopher M.
name: Leauthaud, Alexie
name: Massey, Richard J.
name: Rhodes, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current and upcoming wide-field, ground-based, broad-band imaging surveys promise to address a wide range of outstanding problems in galaxy formation and cosmology. Several such uses of ground-based data, especially weak gravitational lensing, require highly precise measurements of galaxy image statistics with careful correction for the effects of the point-spread function (PSF). In this paper, we introduce the SHERA (SHEar Reconvolution Analysis) software to simulate ground-based imaging data with realistic galaxy morphologies and observing conditions, starting from space-based data (from COSMOS, the Cosmological Evolution Survey) and accounting for the effects of the space-based PSF. This code simulates ground-based data, optionally with a weak lensing shear applied, in a model-independent way using a general Fourier space formalism. The utility of this pipeline is that it allows for a precise, realistic assessment of systematic errors due to the method of data processing, for example in extracting weak lensing galaxy shape measurements or galaxy radial profiles, given user-supplied observational conditions and real galaxy morphologies. Moreover, the simulations allow for the empirical test of error estimates and determination of parameter degeneracies, via generation of many noise maps. The public release of this software, along with a large sample of cleaned COSMOS galaxy images (corrected for charge transfer inefficiency), should enable upcoming ground-based imaging surveys to achieve their potential in the areas of precision weak lensing analysis, galaxy profile measurement, and other applications involving detailed image analysis.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures, submitted to MNRAS; v2 includes some reorganization and additional technical detail, but no changes in methodology or results. The associated code is publicly released at http://www.astro.princeton.edu/~rmandelb/shera/shera.html and the COSMOS galaxy postage stamps are released at http://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/data/COSMOS/images/shera_galaxy_postage_stamps/index.html
The transitive and co-transitive blocking sets in P^2(F_q)
Creators: name: Cossidente, Antonio
name: De Resmini, Marialuisa J.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2008

description: We classify the transitive and co-transitive minimal blocking sets in a finite Desarguesian plane.
description: Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 3, No 1 (2008)
Level density distribution for one-dimensional vertex models related to Haldane-Shastry like spin chains
Creators: name: Banerjee, Pratyay
name: Basu-Mallick, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy level density distributions of some Haldane-Shastry like spin chains associated with the $A_{N-1}$ root system have been computed recently by Enciso et al., exploiting the connection of these spin systems with inhomogeneous one-dimensional vertex models whose energy functions depend on the vertices through specific polynomials of first or second degree. Here we consider a much broader class of one-dimensional vertex models whose energy functions depend on the vertices through arbitrary polynomials of any possible degree. We estimate the order of mean and variance for such energy functions and show that the level density distribution of all vertex models belonging to this class asymptotically follow the Gaussian pattern for large number of vertices. We also present some numerical evidence in support of this analytical result.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures, corrected minor typos, added one reference
Constructions of small complete arcs with prescribed symmetry
Creators: name: Lisoněk, Petr
name: Marcugini, Stefano
name: Pambianco, Fernanda
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2008

description: We use arcs found by Storme and van Maldeghem 

in their classification of primitive arcs in ${\rm PG}(2,q)$

as seeds for constructing small complete arcs in these planes.

Our complete arcs are obtained by taking the union of

such a ``seed arc'' with some orbits of a subgroup of its stabilizer.

Using this approach we construct 

five different complete 15-arcs fixed by $\Z_3$ in ${\rm PG}(2,37)$,

a complete 20-arc fixed by $\S_3$ in ${\rm PG}(2,61)$,

and two different complete 22-arcs fixed by $\D_5$ in ${\rm PG}(2,71)$.

In all three cases, the size of complete arcs constructed

in this paper is strictly smaller than the size of the smallest

complete arcs (in the respective plane) known so far.
description: Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 3, No 1 (2008)