cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An ALMA Survey of Protoplanetary Disks in the $σ$ Orionis Cluster
Creators: name: Ansdell, Megan
name: Williams, Jonathan P.
name: Manara, Carlo F.
name: Miotello, Anna
name: Facchini, Stefano
name: van der Marel, Nienke
name: Testi, Leonardo
name: van Dishoeck, Ewine F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $σ$ Orionis cluster is important for studying protoplanetary disk evolution, as its intermediate age ($\sim$3-5 Myr) is comparable to the median disk lifetime. We use ALMA to conduct a high-sensitivity survey of dust and gas in 92 protoplanetary disks around $σ$ Orionis members with $M_{\ast}\gtrsim0.1 M_{\odot}$. Our observations cover the 1.33 mm continuum and several CO $J=2-1$ lines: out of 92 sources, we detect 37 in the mm continuum and six in $^{12}$CO, three in $^{13}$CO, and none in C$^{18}$O. Using the continuum emission to estimate dust mass, we find only 11 disks with $M_{\rm dust}\gtrsim10 M_{\oplus}$, indicating that after only a few Myr of evolution most disks lack sufficient dust to form giant planet cores. Stacking the individually undetected continuum sources limits their average dust mass to 5$\times$ lower than that of the faintest detected disk, supporting theoretical models that indicate rapid dissipation once disk clearing begins. Comparing the protoplanetary disk population in $σ$ Orionis to those of other star-forming regions supports the steady decline in average dust mass and the steepening of the $M_{\rm dust}$-$M_{\ast}$ relation with age; studying these evolutionary trends can inform the relative importance of different disk processes during key eras of planet formation. External photoevaporation from the central O9 star is influencing disk evolution throughout the region: dust masses clearly decline with decreasing separation from the photoionizing source, and the handful of CO detections exist at projected separations $>1.5$ pc. Collectively, our findings indicate that giant planet formation is inherently rare and/or well underway by a few Myr of age.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures; published in AJ; The full machine readable tables can be obtained by downloading and extracting the gzipped tar source file listed under "Other formats."
Graphs that predict exciton delocalization
Creators: name: Scholes, Gregory D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field of molecular excitons and related supramolecular systems has largely focused on aggregates where nearest-neighbour couplings dominate. We propose that radically different states can be produced by moving beyond that paradigm. In practice, how to accomplish this task remains an open challenge because it requires development of ways to couple networks molecules more densely. In the present work we motivate why it would be worthwhile. We describe a merger of work developed in the field of discrete mathematics with concepts and needs for the field of molecular excitons. We discuss the reasons for exciton localization and posit how systems where the spectrum contains a gap can be robust to disorder, and thus maintain coherence, or delocalization. We propose that certain kinds of structures (expander graphs) specifying how molecules are coupled to each other, show such a gap and thus resilience to decoherence. We review relevant background known from graph theory. This perspective suggests a fascinating scope of new properties possible by demonstrating expander graph inspired excitonics.
Monolayer fullerene networks as photocatalysts for overall water splitting
Creators: name: Peng, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photocatalytic water splitting can produce hydrogen in an environmentally friendly way and provide alternative energy sources to reduce global carbon emissions. Recently, monolayer fullerene networks have been successfully synthesized [Hou $\textit{et al., Nature}$ $\textbf{2022}$, 606, 507], offering new material candidates for photocatalysis because of their large surface area with abundant active sites, feasibility to be combined with other 2D materials to form heterojunctions, and the C$_{60}$ cages for potential hydrogen storage. However, efficient photocatalysts need a combination of a suitable band gap and appropriate positions of the band edges with sufficient driving force for water splitting. In this study, I employ semilocal density functional theory and hybrid functional calculations to investigate the electronic structures of monolayer fullerene networks. I find that only the weakly screened hybrid functional, in combine with time-dependent Hartree-Fock calculations to include the exciton binding energy, can reproduce the experimentally obtained optical band gap of monolayer C$_{60}$. All the phases of monolayer fullerene networks have suitable band gaps with high carrier mobility and appropriate band edges to thermodynamically drive overall water splitting. In addition, the optical properties of monolayer C$_{60}$ are studied, and different phases of fullerene networks exhibit distinct absorption and recombination behavior, providing unique advantages either as an electron acceptor or as an electron donor in photocatalysis.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
Planetary Climate under Extremely High Vertical Diffusivity
Creators: name: Si, Yidongfang
name: Yang, Jun
name: Liu, Yonggang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This release contains the code and data used in the article: Y. Si, J. Yang, and Y. Liu. Planetary climate under extremely high vertical diffusivity. Astronomy & Astrophysics (2022).
description: J.Y. is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under the grants 42075046 and 41888101. Y. Si acknowledges the scholarship provided by China Scholarship Council that supports her study at UCLA.
Stateful characterization of resistive switching TiO2 with electron beam induced currents
Creators: name: Hoskins, Brian D.
name: Adam, Gina C.
name: Strelcov, Evgheni
name: Zhitenev, Nikolai
name: Kolmakov, Andrei
name: Strukov, Dmitri B.
name: McClelland, Jabez J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metal oxide resistive switches are increasingly important as possible artificial synapses in next generation neuromorphic networks. Nevertheless, there is still no codified set of tools for studying properties of the devices. To this end, we demonstrate electron beam induced current measurements as a powerful method to monitor the development of local resistive switching in TiO2 based devices. By comparing beam-energy dependent electron beam induced currents with Monte Carlo simulations of the energy absorption in different device layers, it is possible to deconstruct the origins of filament image formation and relate this to both morphological changes and the state of the switch. By clarifying the contrast mechanisms in electron beam induced current microscopy it is possible to gain new insights into the scaling of the resistive switching phenomenon and observe the formation of a current leakage region around the switching filament. Additionally, analysis of symmetric device structures reveals propagating polarization domains.
description: 27 Pages 10 figures
On the bending of rectangular atomic monolayers along different directions: an ab initio study
Creators: name: Kumar, Shashikant
name: Suryanarayana, Phanish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the bending of rectangular atomic monolayers along different directions from first principles. Specifically, choosing the phosphorene, GeS, TiS$_3$, and As$_2$S$_3$ monolayers as representative examples, we perform Kohn-Sham density functional theory calculations to determine the variation in transverse flexoelectric coefficient and bending modulus with the direction of bending. We find that while the flexoelectric coefficient is nearly isotropic, there is significant and complex anisotropy in bending modulus that also differs between the monolayers, with extremal values not necessarily occurring along the principal directions. In particular, the commonly adopted orthotropic continuum plate model with uniform thickness fails to describe the observed variations in bending modulus for GeS, TiS$_3$, and As$_2$S$_3$. We determine the direction-dependent effective thickness for use in such continuum models. We also show that the anisotropy in bending modulus is not associated with the rehybridization of atomic orbitals.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Quantum-inspired permanent identities
Creators: name: Chabaud, Ulysse
name: Deshpande, Abhinav
name: Mehraban, Saeed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The permanent is pivotal to both complexity theory and combinatorics. In quantum computing, the permanent appears in the expression of output amplitudes of linear optical computations, such as in the Boson Sampling model. Taking advantage of this connection, we give quantum-inspired proofs of many existing as well as new remarkable permanent identities. Most notably, we give a quantum-inspired proof of the MacMahon master theorem as well as proofs for new generalizations of this theorem. Previous proofs of this theorem used completely different ideas. Beyond their purely combinatorial applications, our results demonstrate the classical hardness of exact and approximate sampling of linear optical quantum computations with input cat states.
description: 33 pages, comments are welcome!
Effect of magnetism and phonons on localized carriers in the ferrimagnetic kagome metals GdMn$_6$Sn$_6$ and TbMn$_6$Sn$_6$
Creators: name: Wenzel, M.
name: Tsirlin, A. A.
name: Iakutkina, O.
name: Yin, Q.
name: Lei, H. C.
name: Dressel, M.
name: Uykur, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kagome metals possess peculiar optical spectra consisting of contributions from free charge carriers in a Drude-type response, localized carriers seen as a strongly temperature-dependent localization peak, and, in some cases, phonons displaying strong anomalies. The rare-earth kagome metal series, $R$Mn$_6$Sn$_6$, provides a marvelous playground to study the electronic properties of kagome metals in the presence of variable magnetic order. Here, we report temperature-dependent reflectivity studies on two members of the $R$Mn$_6$Sn$_6$ family, GdMn$_6$Sn$_6$ (in-plane ferrimagnet) and TbMn$_6$Sn$_6$ (out-of-plane ferrimagnet), in a broad energy range (50 - 18000 cm$^{-1}$, equivalent to 6.2 meV - 2.23 eV) down to 10 K. At high temperatures, a phonon mode at approximately 160 cm$^{-1}$ is observed, which becomes screened out in TbMn$_6$Sn$_6$ below $\sim$ 150 K as the localization peak linearly passes through the mode. In GdMn$_6$Sn$_6$, the disappearance of the phonon is accompanied by the onset of saturation of the peak position, suggesting an unusual interplay between the two features.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Expansion dynamics of a shell-shaped Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Jia, Fan
name: Huang, Zerong
name: Qiu, Liyuan
name: Zhou, Rongzi
name: Yan, Yangqian
name: Wang, Dajun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) confined on shell-shaped surfaces have been proposed as a platform for exploring many nontrivial quantum phenomena on curved spaces. However, as the shell-shaped trapping potential generated with the conventional radio frequency dressing method is very sensitive to gravity, so far experimental studies of shell BECs can only be performed in micro-gravity environments. Here, we overcome this difficulty and create a shell BEC in the presence of Earth's gravity with immiscible dual-species BECs of sodium and rubidium atoms. After minimizing the displacement between the centers of mass of the two BECs with a magic-wavelength optical dipole trap, the interspecies repulsive interaction ensures the formation of a closed shell of sodium atoms with its center filled by rubidium atoms. Releasing the double BEC together from the trap, we observe explosion of the filled shell accompanied by energy transfer from the inner BEC to the shell BEC. With the inner BEC removed, we obtain a hollow shell BEC which shows self-interference as a manifestation of implosion. Our results pave an alternative way for investigating many of the intriguing physics offered by shell BECs.
Deconstructing Self-Supervised Monocular Reconstruction: The Design Decisions that Matter
Creators: name: Spencer, Jaime
name: Russell, Chris
name: Hadfield, Simon
name: Bowden, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents an open and comprehensive framework to systematically evaluate state-of-the-art contributions to self-supervised monocular depth estimation. This includes pretraining, backbone, architectural design choices and loss functions. Many papers in this field claim novelty in either architecture design or loss formulation. However, simply updating the backbone of historical systems results in relative improvements of 25%, allowing them to outperform the majority of existing systems. A systematic evaluation of papers in this field was not straightforward. The need to compare like-with-like in previous papers means that longstanding errors in the evaluation protocol are ubiquitous in the field. It is likely that many papers were not only optimized for particular datasets, but also for errors in the data and evaluation criteria. To aid future research in this area, we release a modular codebase (https://github.com/jspenmar/monodepth_benchmark), allowing for easy evaluation of alternate design decisions against corrected data and evaluation criteria. We re-implement, validate and re-evaluate 16 state-of-the-art contributions and introduce a new dataset (SYNS-Patches) containing dense outdoor depth maps in a variety of both natural and urban scenes. This allows for the computation of informative metrics in complex regions such as depth boundaries.
description: https://github.com/jspenmar/monodepth_benchmark
Wideband Mid Infrared Absorber using surface Doped Black Silicon
Creators: name: Sarkar, Sreyash
name: Nefzaoui, Elyes
name: Hamaoui, Georges
name: Marty, Frédéric
name: Basset, Philippe
name: Bourouina, Tarik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black silicon (BSi) is a synthetic nanomaterial with high aspect ratio nano protrusions inducing several interesting properties such as a very large absorptivity of incident radiation. We have recently shown that heavily doping the BSi in volume enables to significantly enhance its mid infrared absorptivity and tune its spectral range of interest up to 20 micrometer. In the present letter, we explore the effect of surface doping on BSi radiative properties and it absorptance, in particular since surface doping enables reaching even larger dopant concentrations than volume doping but at more limited penetration depths. We considered 12 different wafers of BSi, fabricated with cryogenic plasma etching on n and p-type silicon wafers and doped using ion-implantation with different dopant types, dosages and ion beam energies leading to different dopant concentrations and profiles. The different wafers radiative properties, reflectance, transmittance and absorptance, are measured using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. We show that doping an n-type BSi wafer with Phosphorous with a dose of 10^17 atm/cm2 and an energy of 100 keV increases its absorptivity up to of 98% in the spectral range of 1-5 micrometer. We propose a simple phenomenological explanation of the observed results based on the dopant concentration profiles and the corresponding incident radiation penetration depth. Obtained results provide simple design rules and pave the way for using ion-implanted BSi for various applications such as solar energy harvesting, thermo-photovoltaics and infrared radiation sensing where both high absorptance and variable dopant concentration profiles are required.
The three "layers" of graphene monolayer and their analog generalized uncertainty principles
Creators: name: Iorio, Alfredo
name: Ivetić, Boris
name: Mignemi, Salvatore
name: Pais, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that graphene, in its simplest form and settings, is a practical table-top realization of the analog of exotic quantum gravity scenarios, which are speculated to lead to certain generalized Heisenberg algebras. In particular, we identify three different energy regimes (the ``layers'') where the physics is still of a pseudorelativistic (Dirac) type but more and more sensitive to the effects of the lattice. This plays here a role analog to that of a discrete space, where the Dirac quasiparticles live. This work improves and pushes further earlier results, where the physical meaning of the high energy momenta was clear, but the conjugate coordinates only had a purely abstract description. Here we find the physical meaning of the latter by identifying the mapping between the high-energy coordinates and low-energy ones, i.e., those measured in the lab. We then obtain two generalized Heisenberg algebras that were not noticed earlier. In these two cases, we have the striking result that the high-energy coordinates just coincide with the standard ones, measured in the lab. A third generalized Heisenberg algebra is obtained, and it is an improvement of the results obtained earlier in two respects: we now have an expression of the generalized coordinates in terms of the standard phase-space variables, and we obtain higher order terms. All mentioned results clearly open the doors to table-top experimental verifications of many generalized uncertainty principle-corrected predictions of the quantum gravity phenomenology.
description: 32 pages, 3 figures, matches published version
Non-coherent contributions in charge-exchange reactions and $η$--$η'$ mixing
Creators: name: Nekrasov, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse $K^- p \to (η, η',π^0) Λ$ on the basis of the fit of data in a wide region of energies, and $π^- p \to (η, η') n$ at the energies of GAMS-4$π$. We show that disagreements between the data and the predictions of Regge theory may be explained by the mode change of summation of intermediate contributions at increasing energy, from coherent to non-coherent. A method of experimental measurement of the non-coherent contributions is proposed. On the basis of available data on the charge-exchange reactions the $η$--$η'$ mixing is estimated.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures; version to appear in EPJA
Random walks in random conductances: decoupling and spread of infection
Creators: name: Gracar, Peter
name: Stauffer, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $(G,μ)$ be a uniformly elliptic random conductance graph on $\mathbb{Z}^d$ with a Poisson point process of particles at time $t=0$ that perform independent simple random walks. We show that inside a cube $Q_K$ of side length $K$, if all subcubes of side length $\ell
description: The text has been improved throughout and the proofs clarified
title: Impact of Glaciation and Glacial Erosion on the Stress Field in Forearcs
Creators: name: Matthies, Fiene
name: Dielforder, Armin
name: Hampel, Andrea
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
In the late Cenozoic, many mountain belts were glaciated and experienced enhanced glacial erosion. Glacial erosion modulates the topography of mountain belts, which alters the state of stress and can trigger a tectonic response. In the past decades, the interaction between glacial erosion and tectonics has received much attention, but the effects of glacial erosion on the stress field in forearcs of subduction zones remain poorly understood. Here, we use two-dimensional finite-element models to constrain the stress changes caused by glacial erosion. The models are generic but use a geometry that is adjusted to the subduction setting of the southern Andes, which were covered by the Patagonian ice shield throughout the late Cenozoic. We construct different models to evaluate how a reduction in mountain height, a shallowing of the trench depth due to trench sedimentation, the development of a broad central valley, and changes in surface slope in the high mountains influence the stress field. The preliminary results show that the different effects of erosion can have contrasting effects on the stress field. For instance, a lowering in mountain height and trench sedimentation tend to increase the compression, while a steepening of the surface slopes in the high mountains and the load of an ice shield reduce the compression. Our findings suggest that the effects of glacial erosion can cause complex modifications of the stress field that may support or suppress a tectonic response.
Extending the non-relativistic string AdS coset
Creators: name: Fontanella, Andrea
name: García, Juan Miguel Nieto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by Lie algebra expansion, we consider an extension of the algebra introduced in arXiv:2203.07386 for the non-relativistic string coset action in AdS$_5\times$S$^5$. We show that the extended algebra admits a non-degenerate inner product which is adjoint invariant under the full extended algebra. Furthermore, we provide a finite-dimensional representation of the extended algebra.
description: 4 pages
Length Dependence thermal conductivity of Zinc-Selenide (ZnSe) and Zinc Telluride (ZnTe)- A combined first principles and Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR) study
Creators: name: Muthaiah, Rajmohan
name: Annam, Roshan Sameer
name: Tarannum, Fatema
name: Gupta, Ashish Kumar
name: Garg, Jivtesh
name: Sachan, Ritesh
name: Arafin, Shamsul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we report the length dependence of thermal conductivity (k) of zinc-blende Zinc-Selenide (ZnSe) and Zinc Telluride (ZnTe) for length scales between 10 nm and 10000 nm using first-principles computations based on density-functional theory. k value of ZnSe is computed to decrease significantly from 11.3 W/mK to 1.75 W/mK as the length scale is diminished from 10 nm to 10 nm. k value of ZnTe is also observed to decrease from 10 W/mK to 1.2 W/mK for the same decrease in length. We also measure the k of bulk ZnSe and ZnTe using Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR) technique and observed a good agreement between FDTR measurements and first principles calculations for the bulk ZnSe and ZnTe. Understanding of thermal conductivity reduction at nanometer length scales provides an avenue to incorporate nanostructured ZnSe and ZnTe for thermoelectric applications.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures
Pauli principle forbids $Ω_{QQQ}Ω_{QQQ}Ω_{QQQ}$ bound states
Creators: name: Garcilazo, H.
name: Valcarce, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice QCD studies have shown the attractive character of the $^1S_0$ $Ω_{QQQ}Ω_{QQQ}$, $Q=s,c,b$, interaction, predicting deeply bound states as the mass of the heavy quark increases. This has led to the question of the possible existence of bound states of more than two $Ω_{QQQ}$ baryons, in particular $Ω_{QQQ}Ω_{QQQ}Ω_{QQQ}$ bound states. We discuss how these states might not exist in nature in any flavor sector. The reason would be due to the simultaneous action of two consequences of the Pauli principle in the different partial waves: one at the baryon level, affecting the $^1S_0$ partial wave, and the other due to the quark substructure, affecting the $^5S_2$ partial wave.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
First principle and tight-binding study of strained SnC
Creators: name: Mogulkoc, Y.
name: Modarresi, M.
name: Mogulkoc, A.
name: Ciftci, Y. O.
name: Alkan, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electronic and optical properties of strained single-layer SnC in the density functional theory (DFT) and tight-binding models. We extract the hopping parameters tight-binding Hamiltonian for monolayer SnC by considering the DFT results as a reference point. We also examine the phonon spectra in the scheme of DFT, and analyze the bonding character by using Mulliken bond population. Moreover, we show that the band gap modulation and transition from indirect to direct band gap in the compressive strained SnC. The applied tensile strain reduces the band gap and eventually the semiconductor to semimetal transition occurs for 7.5\% of tensile strain. In the framework of tight-binding model, the effect of spin-orbit coupling on energy spectrum are also discussed. We indicate that while tensile strain closes the band gap, spin-orbit gap is still present which is order of $\sim 40$ meV at the $Γ$ point. The substrate effect is modeled through a staggered sub-lattice potential in the tight-binding approximation. The optical properties of pristine and strained SnC are also examined in the DFT scheme. We present the modulation of real and imaginary parts of dielectric function under applied strain.
Emergent Non-Eulerian Hydrodynamics of Quantum Vortices in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Yu, Xiaoquan
name: Bradley, Ashton S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a coarse-grained description of the point-vortex model, finding that a large number of planar vortices and antivortices behave as an inviscid non-Eulerian fluid at large scales. The emergent binary vortex fluid is subject to anomalous stresses absent from Euler's equation, caused by the singular nature of quantum vortices. The binary vortex fluid is compressible, and has an asymmetric Cauchy stress tensor allowing orbital angular momentum exchange with the vorticity and vortex density. An analytic solution for vortex shear flow driven by anomalous stresses is in excellent agreement with numerical simulations of the point-vortex model.
description: 4+5 pages, 3 figures; v2: New title, added analytical and numerical results for vortex shear flow, acknowledgments updated
The Rigidity Conjecture
Creators: name: Martens, Marco
name: Palmisano, Liviana
name: Winckler, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37E20

description: A central question in dynamics is whether the topology of a system determines its geometry. This is known as rigidity. Under mild topological conditions rigidity holds for many classical cases, including: Kleinian groups, circle diffeomorphisms, unimodal interval maps, critical circle maps, and circle maps with a break point. More recent developments show that under similar topological conditions, rigidity does not hold for slightly more general systems. In this paper we state a conjecture which describes how topological classes are organized into rigidity classes.
description: 6 pages
Supersymmetric gradient flow in 4d N=1 SQCD
Creators: name: Kadoh, Daisuke
name: Ukita, Naoya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A supersymmetric gradient flow for four-dimensional N=1 supersymmetric QCD (SQCD) is proposed. The flow equation is given in both the superfield and component fields of the Wess-Zumino gauge. The superfield flow equation is defined for each of the gauge and matter multiplets individually. Adding a gauge fixing, the component-field flow equation is defined in the Wess-Zumino gauge in a gauge covariant manner. We find that the latter equation is supersymmetric in a sense that the commutator of the flow time derivative and the supersymmetry transformation vanishes up to a gauge transformation. We also discuss a simplified flow by using the gradient of supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) action instead of using SQCD action to define a gauge multiplet flow.
description: 5 pages
Timelike correlations and quantum tensor product structure
Creators: name: Sen, Samrat
name: Lobo, Edwin Peter
name: Patra, Ram Krishna
name: Naik, Sahil Gopalkrishna
name: Bhowmik, Anandamay Das
name: Alimuddin, Mir
name: Banik, Manik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The state space structure for a composite quantum system is postulated among several mathematically consistent possibilities that are compatible with local quantum description. For instance, unentangled Gleason's theorem allows a state space that includes density operators as a proper subset among all possible composite states. However, bipartite correlations obtained in Bell type experiments from this broader state space are in-fact quantum simulable, and hence such spacelike correlations are no good to make distinction among different compositions. In this work we analyze communication utilities of these different composite models and show that they can lead to distinct utilities in a simple communication game involving two players. Our analysis, thus, establishes that beyond quantum composite structure can lead to beyond quantum correlations in timelike scenario and hence welcomes new principles to isolate the quantum correlations from the beyond quantum ones. We also prove a no-go that the classical information carrying capacity of different such compositions cannot be more than the corresponding quantum composite systems.
description: 8 pages, two columns, comments are welcome
Do triangle-free planar graphs have exponentially many 3-colorings?
Creators: name: Dvořák, Zdeněk
name: Sereni, Jean-Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C15, 05C10

description: Thomassen conjectured that triangle-free planar graphs have an exponential number of $3$-colorings. We show this conjecture to be equivalent to the following statement: there exists a positive real $α$ such that whenever $G$ is a planar graph and $A$ is a subset of its edges whose deletion makes $G$ triangle-free, there exists a subset $A'$ of $A$ of size at least $α|A|$ such that $G-(A\setminus A')$ is $3$-colorable. This equivalence allows us to study restricted situations, where we can prove the statement to be true.
Time adaptive numerical solution of a highly degenerate diffusion-reaction biofilm model based on regularisation
Creators: name: Ghasemi, M.
name: Eberl, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: primary: 35K65, 65M08, secondary: 68U20, 92D25

description: We consider a quasilinear degenerate diffusion-reaction system that describes biofilm formation. The model exhibits two non-linear effects: a power law degeneracy as one of the dependent variables vanishes and a super diffusion singularity as it approaches unity. Biologically relevant solutions are characterized by a moving interface and gradient blow-up there. Discretisation of the PDE in space by a standard Finite Volume scheme leads to a singular system of ordinary differential equations. We show that regularisation of this system allows the application of error controlled adaptive integration techniques to solve the underlying PDE. This overcomes the major limitation of existing methods for this type of problem which work with fixed time-steps. We apply the resulting numerical method to study the effect of signal diffusion in the aqueous phase on quorum sensing induction in a biofilm colony.
Multipole analysis of redshift-space distortions around cosmic voids
Creators: name: Hamaus, Nico
name: Cousinou, Marie-Claude
name: Pisani, Alice
name: Aubert, Marie
name: Escoffier, Stéphanie
name: Weller, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a comprehensive redshift-space distortion analysis based on cosmic voids in the large-scale distribution of galaxies observed with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. To this end, we measure multipoles of the void-galaxy cross-correlation function and compare them with standard model predictions in cosmology. Merely considering linear-order theory allows us to accurately describe the data on the entire available range of scales and to probe void-centric distances down to about $2h^{-1}{\rm Mpc}$. Common systematics, such as the Fingers-of-God effect, scale-dependent galaxy bias, and nonlinear clustering do not seem to play a significant role in our analysis. We constrain the growth rate of structure via the redshift-space distortion parameter $β$ at two median redshifts, $β(\bar{z}=0.32)=0.599^{+0.134}_{-0.124}$ and $β(\bar{z}=0.54)=0.457^{+0.056}_{-0.054}$, with a precision that is competitive with state-of-the-art galaxy-clustering results. While the high-redshift constraint perfectly agrees with model expectations, we observe a mild $2σ$ deviation at $\bar{z}=0.32$, which increases to $3σ$ when the data is restricted to the lowest available redshift range of $0.15
description: 20 pages, 11 figures. Minor fixes, conclusions unchanged. Reflects published version
Multifaceted impact of a surface step on superconductivity in atomically thin films
Creators: name: Zhang, L. -F.
name: Flammia, L.
name: Covaci, L.
name: Perali, A.
name: Milošević, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments show that an atomic step on the surface of atomically thin metallic films can strongly affect electronic transport. Here we reveal multiple and versatile effects that such a surface step can have on superconductivity in ultrathin films. By solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations self-consistently in this regime, where quantum confinement dominates the emergent physics, we show that the electronic structure is profoundly modified on the two sides of the step, as is the spatial distribution of the superconducting order parameter and its dependence on temperature and electronic gating. Furthermore, the surface step changes non-trivially the transport properties both in the proximity-induced superconducting order parameter and the Josephson effect, depending on the step height. These results offer a new route to tailor superconducting circuits and design atomically thin hetero-junctions made of one same material.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Doubly Heavy Tetraquarks in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation
Creators: name: Maiani, Luciano
name: Pilloni, Alessandro
name: Polosa, Antonio D.
name: Riquer, Veronica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tetraquarks QQq*q* are found to be described remarkably well with the Quantum Chromodynamics version of the Hydrogen bond, as treated with the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. We show the robustness of the method by computing the mass of the observed Tcc tetraquark following two different paths. Relying on this, we provide a prediction for the mass of the expected Tbb particle. The average sizes of tetraquarks are estimated to be approximately 3 - 5 GeV**-1. As a consequence hyperfine separations are not expected to be sizeable. We discussed possible reasons why LHCb has observed only one state in the DD* spectrum.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure. Corrections made. Improved draft. To appear in PLB
Viscous flow through a finite-width slit: Boundary conditions and dissipation
Creators: name: Asafov, Daniil
name: Kachorovskii, Valentin
name: Tikhonov, Konstantin
name: Zhang, Gu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the hydrodynamic viscous electronic transport in a two-dimensional sample separated into two semi-infinite planes by a one-dimensional infinite barrier. The semi-infinite planes are electrically connected via the finite-size slit in the barrier. We calculate the current through the slit assuming finite voltage drop between the planes and neglecting disorder-induced Ohmic resistance, so that dissipation and resistance are purely viscosity-induced. We find that the only solution to the Stokes equation in this geometry, which yields a finite dissipation at finite resistance (and, hence, is not self-contradictory), is the one that fulfills both the no-stress and no-slip boundary conditions simultaneously. As a remarkable consequence, the obtained velocity profile satisfies the so-called "partial-slip" (Maxwell) boundary condition for any value of the slip length, which drops out from all final results. We also calculate the electronic temperature profile for the small and large heat conductivity, and find asymmetric (with respect to the barrier) temperature patterns in the former case.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Gravity Modes Reveal the Internal Rotation of a Post-mass Transfer Gamma Doradus/Delta Scuti Hybrid Pulsator in Kepler Eclipsing Binary KIC 9592855
Creators: name: Guo, Zhao
name: Gies, Douglas R.
name: Matson, Rachel. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a post-mass transfer Gamma Doradus/Delta Scuti hybrid pulsator in the eclipsing binary KIC~9592855. This binary has a circular orbit, an orbital period of 1.2 days, and contains two stars of almost identical masses ($M_1=1.72M_{\odot}, M_2=1.71M_{\odot}$). However, the cooler secondary star is more evolved ($R_2=1.96R_{\odot}$) while the hotter primary is still on the zero-age-main-sequence ($R_1=1.53R_{\odot}$). Coeval models from single star evolution cannot explain the observed masses and radii, and binary evolution with mass-transfer needs to be invoked. After subtracting the binary light curve, the Fourier spectrum shows low-order pressure-mode pulsations, and more dominantly, a cluster of low-frequency gravity modes at about $2$ day$^{-1}$. These g-modes are nearly equally-spaced in period, and the period spacing pattern has a negative slope. We identify these g-modes as prograde dipole modes and find that they stem from the secondary star. The frequency range of unstable p-modes also agrees with that of the secondary. We derive the internal rotation rate of the convective core and the asymptotic period spacing from the observed g-modes. The resulting values suggest that the core and envelope rotate nearly uniformly, i.e., their rotation rates are both similar to the orbital frequency of this synchronized binary.
description: ApJ accepted. We have added the following discussions: (a) the evidence of Am stars in the spectra; (b)two examples of the effect of mass-transfer on stellar oscillations;(c) the evolution of unstable frequency range of p-modes in Figure 7. We have corrected a mistake in the labeling of effective temperatures in Table 1
Multi-fidelity surrogate modeling using long short-term memory networks
Creators: name: Conti, Paolo
name: Guo, Mengwu
name: Manzoni, Andrea
name: Hesthaven, Jan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When evaluating quantities of interest that depend on the solutions to differential equations, we inevitably face the trade-off between accuracy and efficiency. Especially for parametrized, time dependent problems in engineering computations, it is often the case that acceptable computational budgets limit the availability of high-fidelity, accurate simulation data. Multi-fidelity surrogate modeling has emerged as an effective strategy to overcome this difficulty. Its key idea is to leverage many low-fidelity simulation data, less accurate but much faster to compute, to improve the approximations with limited high-fidelity data. In this work, we introduce a novel data-driven framework of multi-fidelity surrogate modeling for parametrized, time-dependent problems using long short-term memory (LSTM) networks, to enhance output predictions both for unseen parameter values and forward in time simultaneously - a task known to be particularly challenging for data-driven models. We demonstrate the wide applicability of the proposed approaches in a variety of engineering problems with high- and low-fidelity data generated through fine versus coarse meshes, small versus large time steps, or finite element full-order versus deep learning reduced-order models. Numerical results show that the proposed multi-fidelity LSTM networks not only improve single-fidelity regression significantly, but also outperform the multi-fidelity models based on feed-forward neural networks.
The MUSE-Wide Survey: A first catalogue of 831 emission line galaxies
Creators: name: Herenz, E. C.
name: Urrutia, T.
name: Wisotzki, L.
name: Kerutt, J.
name: Saust, R.
name: Werhahn, M.
name: Schmidt, K. B.
name: Caruana, J.
name: Diener, C.
name: Bacon, R.
name: Brinchmann, J.
name: Schaye, J.
name: Maseda, M.
name: Weilbacher, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first instalment of the MUSE-Wide survey, covering an area of 22.2 arcmin$^2$ (corresponding to $\sim$20% of the final survey) in the CANDELS/Deep area of the Chandra Deep Field South. We use the MUSE integral field spectrograph at the ESO VLT to conduct a full-area spectroscopic mapping at a depth of 1h exposure time per 1 arcmin$^2$ pointing. We searched for compact emission line objects using our newly developed LSDCat software based on a 3-D matched filtering approach, followed by interactive classification and redshift measurement of the sources. Our catalogue contains 831 distinct emission line galaxies with redshifts ranging from 0.04 to 6. Roughly one third (237) of the emission line sources are Lyman $α$ emitting galaxies with $3 < z < 6$, only four of which had previously measured spectroscopic redshifts. At lower redshifts 351 galaxies are detected primarily by their [OII] emission line ($0.3 \lesssim z \lesssim 1.5$), 189 by their [OIII] line ($0.21 \lesssim z \lesssim 0.85$), and 46 by their H$α$ line ($0.04 \lesssim z \lesssim 0.42$). Comparing our spectroscopic redshifts to photometric redshift estimates from the literature, we find excellent agreement for $z<1.5$ with a median $Δz$ of only $\sim 4 \times 10^{-4}$ and an outlier rate of 6%, however a significant systematic offset of $Δz = 0.26$ and an outlier rate of 23% for Ly$α$ emitters at $z>3$. Together with the catalogue we also release 1D PSF-weighted extracted spectra and small 3D datacubes centred on each of the 831 sources.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in A&A, data products are available for download from http://muse-vlt.eu/science/muse-wide-survey/ and later via the CDS
The non-perturbative structure of the photon and gluon propagators
Creators: name: Lowdon, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-perturbative structure of the photon and gluon propagators plays an important role in governing the dynamics of quantum electrodynamics (QED) and quantum chromodynamics (QCD) respectively. Although it is often assumed that these interacting field propagators can be decomposed into longitudinal and transverse components, as for the free case, it turns out that in general this is not possible. Moreover, the non-abelian gauge symmetry of QCD permits the momentum space gluon propagator to contain additional singular terms involving derivatives of $δ(p)$, the appearance of which is related to confinement. Despite the possibility of the failure of the transverse-longitudinal decomposition for the photon and gluon propagators, and the appearance of singular terms in the gluon propagator, the Slavnov-Taylor identity nevertheless remains preserved.
description: 17 pages; v2: additional comments added, matches published version
A comparison of a commercial hydrodynamics TCAD solver and Fermi kinetics transport convergence for GaN HEMTs
Creators: name: Tunga, Ashwin
name: Li, Kexin
name: Miller, Nicholas C.
name: Grupen, Matt
name: Albrecht, John D.
name: Rakheja, Shaloo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various simulations of a GaN HEMT are used to study the behaviors of two different energy-transport models: the Fermi kinetics transport model and a hydrodynamics transport model as it is implemented in the device simulator Sentaurus from Synopsys. The electron transport and heat flow equations of the respective solvers are described in detail. The differences in the description of electron flux and the discretization methods are highlighted. Next, the transport models are applied to the same simulated device structure using identical meshes, boundary conditions, and material parameters. Static simulations show the numerical convergence of Fermi kinetics to be consistently quadratic or faster, whereas the hydrodynamic model is often sub-quadratic. Further comparisons of large signal transient simulations reveal the hydrodynamic model produces certain anomalous electron ensemble behaviors within the transistor structure. The fundamentally different electron dynamics produced by the two models suggest an underlying cause for their different numerical convergence characteristics.