cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Neutron star mass in dark matter clumps
Creators: name: Deliyergiyev, Maksym
name: Del Popolo, Antonino
name: Delliou, Morgan Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: I.6.0; I.6.3; E.5; J.2

description: This paper investigates a hypothesis proposed in previous research relating neutron star (NS) mass and its dark matter (DM) accumulation. As DM accumulates, NS mass decreases, predicting lower NS masses toward the Galactic center. Due to limited NSs data near the galactic center, we examine NSs located within DM clumps. Using the CLUMPY code simulations, we determine the DM clumps distribution, with masses from 10 to $10^{8}$ $M_{\odot}$ and scales from $10^{-3}$ to 10 kpc. These clumps' DM exhibit a peak at the center, tapering toward the outskirts, resembling our Galaxy's DM distribution.
 We analyse these DM clumps' NS mass variations, considering diverse DM particle masses and galaxy types. We find relatively stable NS mass within 0.01 to 5 kpc from the clump center. This stability supports the initial hypothesis, particularly for NSs located beyond 0.01 kpc from the clump center, where NS mass reaches a plateau around 0.1 kpc. Nevertheless, NS mass near the clump's periphery reveals spatial dependence: NS position within DM clumps influences its mass in Milky Way-type galaxies. Moreover, this dependence varies with the DM model considered.
 In summary, our study investigates the proposed link between NS mass and DM accumulation by examining NSs within DM clumps. While NS mass remains stable at certain distances from the clump center, spatial dependencies arise near the clump's outer regions, contingent on the specific DM model.
description: 23 pages, 23 figures, 2 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1606.04898 by other authors
Additional file 3 of Comparison of intra-articular administration of adenosine, lidocaine and magnesium solution and tranexamic acid for alleviating postoperative inflammation and joint fibrosis in an experimental model of knee arthroplasty
Creators: name: Morris, Jodie L.
name: Letson, Hayley L.
name: McEwen, Peter
name: Biros, Erik
name: Dlaska, Constantin
name: Hazratwala, Kaushik
name: Wilkinson, Matthew
name: Dobson, Geoffrey P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Inflammatory cytokines in joint capsular tissue.
Gravitational Waves from Preheating in Inflation with Weyl Symmetry
Creators: name: Hu, Wei-Yu
name: Wang, Qing-Yang
name: Ma, Yan-Qing
name: Tang, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inflation with Weyl scaling symmetry provides a viable scenario that can generate both the nearly scaling invariant primordial density fluctuation and a dark matter candidate. Here we point out that, in additional to the primordial gravitational waves (GWs) from quantum fluctuations, the production of high-frequency GWs from preheating in such inflation models can provide an another probe of the inflationary dynamics. We conduct both linear analytical analysis and nonlinear numerical lattice simulation in a typical model. We find that significant stochastic GWs can be produced and the frequency band is located around $10^8$ Hz $\sim$ $10^9$ Hz, which might be probed by future resonance-cavity experiments.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
Non-Farm Rural Activities (NFRA) in a Peasant Economy: The Case of the North Peruvian Sierra
Creators: name: Velazco, Jackeline
name: Velazco, Jackeline
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Non-farm rural activities
subject: self-employment activity
subject: peasant economy
subject: Peru

description: Is it feasible to increase income and generate employment in the context of a traditional labour intensive rural industry with strong linkages to an agriculturally backward economy? In order to address this issue, primary data from four villages of Peruvian North Sierra was used. The case of the hat making activity, employing exclusively family labour, purchasing the main input (straw, paja de palma) from Ecuador, and with consumers concentrated on villages and small towns, was investigated. The analysis was made at the market level. Considering the context of a self-employment activity, a theoretical framework was developed to explain the determinants of labour demand, input demand, hat output and labour return. Demand and supply constraints to the expansion of hat making activity were found. Important differences in the value of labour marginal product across the sample were identified. These were mainly associated with the use of varied input quality. Growth based on local demand would not be viable given falls in consumer incomes - mainly farmers - and expected changes in consumer preferences; therefore the growth motor would rest more in market expansion and product diversification to urban consumers.
Geographical issues and physics applications of "very" long neutrino factory baselines
Creators: name: Winter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss several potential applications of ``very'' long neutrino factory baselines, as well as potential detector locations for these applications.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures; Talk given at the NuFact 05 workshop, June 21-26, Frascati, Italy
Resonator-assisted single molecule quantum state detection
Creators: name: Zhu, Ming
name: Wei, Yan-Cheng
name: Hung, Chen-Lung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a state-sensitive scheme to optically detect a single molecule without a closed transition, through strong coupling to a high-Q whispering-gallery mode high-Q resonator. A background-free signal can be obtained by detecting a molecule-induced transparency in a photon bus waveguide that is critically coupled to the resonator, with a suppressed depumping rate to other molecular states by the cooperativity parameter $C$. We numerically calculate the dynamics of the molecule-resonator coupled system using Lindblad master equations, and develop analytical solutions through the evolution of quasi-steady states in the weak-driving regime. Using Rb$_2$ triplet ground state molecules as an example, we show that high fidelity state readout can be achieved using realistic resonator parameters. We further discuss the case of multiple molecules collectively coupled to a resonator, demonstrating near-unity detection fidelity and negligible population loss.
Smart Blockchain Networks: Revolutionizing Donation Tracking in the Web 3.0
Creators: name: Nairi, Chaimaa
name: Cicioglu, Murtaza
name: Calhan, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A donation-tracking system leveraging smart contracts and blockchain technology holds transformative potential for reshaping the landscape of charitable giving, especially within the context of Web 3.0. This paper explores how smart contracts and blockchain can be used to create a transparent and secure ledger for tracking charitable donations. We highlight the limitations of traditional donation systems and how a blockchain-based system can help overcome these challenges. The functionality of smart contracts in donation tracking, offering advantages such as automation, reduced transaction fees, and enhanced accountability, is elucidated. The decentralized and tamper-proof nature of blockchain technology is emphasized for increased transparency and fraud prevention. While elucidating the benefits, we also address challenges in implementing such a system, including the need for technical expertise and security considerations. By fostering trust and accountability, a donation-tracking system in Web 3.0, empowered by smart blockchain networks, aims to catalyze a profound positive impact in the realm of philanthropy.
Child protection referral issues for general practitioners/family physicians
Creators: name: Cole, Carol Diane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this research was to investigate why GPs/FPs are having difficulty collaborating with other health and human service professionals on matters of child protection. Since the symptoms of a child in need of protection are often hidden and can easily be minimized or attributed to something else, an assertiveness to rigorously investigate ambiguous symptoms is required. This research applied Organizational Citizenship Behaviour theory to understand some of the barriers and facilitators to assertive collaboration. The research survey of 190 GPs/FPs in Vancouver B C , showed that the referral process in child protection cases is lengthy (often a few hours over several weeks), and the GP/FP is rarely remunerated for this time. Most GPs/FPs believe that it takes longer to refer to non-MDs than to MDs. GPs/FPs who refer to non-MDs have more interprofessional education (mentoring, CCFP certification), and work in group practices more often than in solo practices. GPs/FPs who are paid by fee-for-service refer to non- MDs less often than those who are paid by other methods (e.g., salary). Abundant additional information was collected beyond the basic research question, mainly for future research. Some of these data are striking: many GPs/FPs have never referred a child/family for a child protection concern; most child protection referrals are to pediatricians and then to psychiatrists; the GPs/FPs who stated that non-MD referrals take longer than M D referrals referred more to pediatricians and psychiatrists than to non- MDs; the GPs/FPs who refer to non-MDs stated that it took the same amount of time to refer to non-MDs or MDs. Another distinctive finding was that the survey comments showed strong GP/FP frustration with the lack of help for children and their families, including some alarming examples. The work reported here provides data about MD/non-MD collaboration, discusses practice implications, and offers suggestions about how to encourage child protection referrals from GPs/FPs particularly to non-MD health and human service professionals. GPs/FPs may be the province's most accessible, powerful professional resource for children and their families, and the least motivated to take action.
Regularization of moving boundaries in a Laplacian field by a mixed Dirichlet-Neumann boundary condition: exact results
Creators: name: Meulenbroek, B.
name: Ebert, U.
name: Schaefer, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of ionization fronts that generate a conducting body, are in simplest approximation equivalent to viscous fingering without regularization. Going beyond this approximation, we suggest that ionization fronts can be modeled by a mixed Dirichlet-Neumann boundary condition. We derive exact uniformly propagating solutions of this problem in 2D and construct a single partial differential equation governing small perturbations of these solutions. For some parameter value, this equation can be solved analytically which shows that the uniformly propagating solution is linearly convectively stable.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
BUSINESS GROWTH STRATEGIES OF ILLINOIS FARMS: A QUANTILE REGRESSION APPROACH
Creators: name: Hennings, Enrique
name: Katchova, Ani L.
name: Hennings, Enrique
name: Katchova, Ani L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Farm Management

description: This study examines the business strategies employed by Illinois farms to maintain equity growth using quantile regression analysis. Using data from the Farm Business Farm Management system, this study finds that the effect of different business strategies on equity growth rates differs between quantiles. Financial management strategies have a positive effect for farms situated in the highest quantile of equity growth, while for farms in the lowest quantile the effect on equity growth is negative. Cost reduction, asset management and revenue enhancement strategies all proved to have important effects on the determination of growth equity rates.
AGNES: Abstraction-guided Framework for Deep Neural Networks Security
Creators: name: Dhonthi, Akshay
name: Eiermann, Marcello
name: Hahn, Ernst Moritz
name: Hashemi, Vahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are becoming widespread, particularly in safety-critical areas. One prominent application is image recognition in autonomous driving, where the correct classification of objects, such as traffic signs, is essential for safe driving. Unfortunately, DNNs are prone to backdoors, meaning that they concentrate on attributes of the image that should be irrelevant for their correct classification. Backdoors are integrated into a DNN during training, either with malicious intent (such as a manipulated training process, because of which a yellow sticker always leads to a traffic sign being recognised as a stop sign) or unintentional (such as a rural background leading to any traffic sign being recognised as animal crossing, because of biased training data).
 In this paper, we introduce AGNES, a tool to detect backdoors in DNNs for image recognition. We discuss the principle approach on which AGNES is based. Afterwards, we show that our tool performs better than many state-of-the-art methods for multiple relevant case studies.
description: 14 pages, 6 Figures, 4 Tables, Accepted at 25th International Conference on Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract Interpretation (VMCAI 2024)
A connection between flavour anomaly, neutrino mass, and axion
Creators: name: Baek, Seungwon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a minimal model in which the flavour anomaly in the $b \to s μ^+ μ^-$ transition is connected to the breaking of Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry. The flavour anomaly is explained from new physics contribution by introducing one generation of heavy quark and heavy lepton which are vector-like under the standard model (SM) gauge group but charged under a local $U(1)_X$ group. They mix with the SM quarks and leptons, inducing flavour-changing $Z^\prime$ couplings, which generates the $b \to s μ^+μ^-$ anomaly at tree level. On the other hand the new fermions are chiral under the global Peccei-Quinn(PQ) symmetry. The pseudo-Goldstone boson coming from the spontaneous breaking of the PQ symmetry becomes an axion, solving the strong CP problem and providing a cold dark matter candidate. The same symmetry prevents the right-handed neutrino from having a Majorana mass term. But the introduction of a neutrino-specific Higgs doublet allows neutrino to have Dirac mass term without fine-tuning problem. The model shows an interplay between axion, neutrino, dark matter, and flavour physics.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Upregulated 5-HT1A receptor-mediated currents in the prefrontal cortex layer 5 neurons in the 15q11–13 duplication mouse model of autism
Creators: name: Saitow, Fumihito
name: Takumi, Toru
name: Suzuki, Hidenori
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Activation of GIRK currents by 5-HT and baclofen in the prefrontal cortex L5 pyramidal neurons of WT male mice. A and B, 5-HT- and baclofen-induced currents were recorded by applying voltage ramps (− 140 to 0 mV, 500 ms) in the presence of 10 mM extracellular K+ in order to elicit K+ currents. Voltage-gated Na+ and Ca2+ currents and outward Ca2+-activated K+ currents were eliminated by simultaneous bath perfusion of TTX (0.5 μM) and cadmium (100 μM). Left panels: Current-voltage (I-V) relationships determined before (black traces) and after the application of agonists (red traces) by a constant voltage ramp command (upper trace). Right panels: agonist-sensitive currents were obtained by subtracting the current during the application of 5-HT (A) and baclofen (B) from the baseline shown in the Left panels. Under these conditions, 5-HT and baclofen induced currents that displayed .pronounced inward rectification and reversed polarity near the calculated equilibrium potential of − 68.9 mV (5-HT: − 61.6 ± 1.3 mV, n = 5; baclofen: − 64.0 ± 2.1 mV, n = 5) for a current carried by K+ ions. C and D, the effects of non-selective GIRK channel blocker, barium, on both 5-HT- and baclofen-induced outward currents. All recorded pyramidal neurons were Sag(+)-type neurons. The membrane currents were recorded at a holding potential of − 60 mV in the presence of 0.5 μM tetrodotoxin, in order to block spontaneous synaptic events. (C) Representative recordings of 5-HT-induced outward current pre- and post-barium treatment (Ba2+, 200 μM) and washout (> 15 min) in L5 pyramidal neurons. Right panels: Percent changes in the 5-HT-induced outward current amplitude. Ba2+ largely blocked the amplitude of the outward currents, which was partially recovered following washout (Ba2+: 26.6 ± 3.6%; Washout: 76.2 ± 7.0%, n = 5). (D) Representative recordings of baclofen-induced outward current pre- and post-Ba2+ treatment and washout (> 15 min) in L5 pyramidal neurons. Right panel: Percent changes in the baclofen-induced outward current amplitude. The baclofen-induced outward currents were also largely blocked by Ba2+ (Ba2+: 22.9 ± 1.7%; Washout: 78.5 ± 9.2%, n = 8).
Early optical-IR emission from GRB 041219a: neutron-rich internal shocks and a mildly magnetized external reverse shock
Creators: name: Fan, Y. Z.
name: Zhang, Bing
name: Wei, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Very early optical and near infrared (IR) emission was discovered accompanying the long gamma-ray burst (GRB) 041219a. We show that the optical/IR flash tracking the gamma-ray lightcurve during the prompt emission could be understood as emission from neutron-rich internal shocks, as has been suggested by Fan & Wei. The early K_s-band afterglow lightcurve after the prompt phase could be well-modeled as the superposition of a reverse shock and a forward shock component. The radio data also support the reverse shock interpretation.
description: 4 pages, including 2 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL (shortened to match the page limit)
Canted Spin Texture and Quantum Spin Hall Effect in WTe2
Creators: name: Garcia, Jose H.
name: Vila, Marc
name: Hsu, Chuang-Han
name: Waintal, Xavier
name: Pereira, Vitor M.
name: Roche, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an unconventional quantum spin Hall phase in the monolayer T$_\text{d}$-WTe$_2$, which exhibits hitherto unknown features in other topological materials. The low-symmetry of the structure induces a canted spin texture in the $yz$ plane, which dictates the spin polarization of topologically protected boundary states. Additionally, the spin Hall conductivity gets quantized ($2e^2/h$) with a spin quantization axis parallel to the canting direction. These findings are based on large-scale quantum simulations of the spin Hall conductivity tensor and nonlocal resistances in multi-probe geometries using a realistic tight-binding model elaborated from first-principle methods. The observation of this canted quantum spin Hall effect, related to the formation of topological edge states with nontrivial spin polarization, demands for specific experimental design and suggests interesting alternatives for manipulating spin information in topological materials.
description: For comments please contact josehugo.garcia@icn2.cat
Stochastic Gradient Descent for Semilinear Elliptic Equations with Uncertainties
Creators: name: Wang, Ting
name: Knap, Jaroslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65C30, 35J50, 35J61, 49M05

description: Randomness is ubiquitous in modern engineering. The uncertainty is often modeled as random coefficients in the differential equations that describe the underlying physics. In this work, we describe a two-step framework for numerically solving semilinear elliptic partial differential equations with random coefficients: 1) reformulate the problem as a functional minimization problem based on the direct method of calculus of variation; 2) solve the minimization problem using the stochastic gradient descent method. We provide the convergence criterion for the resulted stochastic gradient descent algorithm and discuss some useful technique to overcome the issues of ill-conditioning and large variance. The accuracy and efficiency of the algorithm are demonstrated by numerical experiments.
Spatial Dependency of the Geographically Concentrated U.S. Broiler Industry
Creators: name: Sambidi, Pramod R.
name: Harrison, R. Wes
name: Sambidi, Pramod R.
name: Harrison, R. Wes
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The study develops a county-level spatial lag model that analyzes factors affecting location and production of the U.S. broiler industry. The spatial lag coefficient was found to be positive and significant in the model indicating spatial dependency of the geographically concentrated U.S. broiler industry within the Southeast.
Revidierter Bericht der Kommission über "Christliches Zeugnis, Proselytismus und Glaubensfreiheit"
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 10 Nr. 1 (1961): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 10, Heft 1
Online PMU-Based Wide-Area Damping Control for Multiple Inter-Area Modes
Creators: name: Zenelis, Ilias
name: Wang, Xiaozhe
name: Kamwa, Innocent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents a new phasor measurement unit (PMU)-based wide-area damping control (WADC) method to suppress the critical inter-area modes of large-scale power systems. Modal participation factors, estimated by a practically model-free system identification approach, are used to select the most suitable synchronous generators for control through the proposed WADC algorithm. It is shown that multiple inter-area modes can be sufficiently damped by the proposed approach without affecting the rest of the modes, while only a few machines are needed to perform the control. The proposed technique is applied to the IEEE 68-bus and the IEEE 145-bus systems, including the test cases with PMU measurement noise and with missing PMUs. The simulation results clearly demonstrate the good adaptivity of the control strategy subjected to network model changes, its effective damping performance comparing to power system stabilizers (PSSs), and its great potential for near real-time implementation.
description: Copyright 2020 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
Additional file 2 of Global transcriptomic responses orchestrate difenoconazole resistance in Penicillium spp. causing blue mold of stored apple fruit
Creators: name: Lichtner, Franz J.
name: Verneta L. Gaskins
name: Kerik D. Cox
name: Jurick, Wayne M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S2. Growth rates of Penicillium spp. isolates on different diagnostic media.
Hedging Yield with Weather Derivatives: A Role for Options
Creators: name: Manfredo, Mark R.
name: Richards, Timothy J.
name: Manfredo, Mark R.
name: Richards, Timothy J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Weather Derivatives
subject: Forecast Encompassing
subject: Composite Hedges

description: While there are few risk management alternatives available to specialty crop growers, weather derivatives provide an important advancement. As with the use of any derivatives contract, the behavior of the basis will ultimately determine the net-hedged outcome. However, when using weather derivatives to hedge yield risks for specialty crops, growers face a unique form of basis risk because weather (temperature) and yield are nonlinearly related. Using the forecast encompassing principle, this research shows that the nonlinear relationship between yield and weather creates a role for options in an optimal hedging program. The results suggest that weather derivative instruments with nonlinear payoffs, such as options, be used in combination with linear payoff instruments, such as swaps or futures, to minimize basis risk associated with the nonlinear relationship between yields and weather.
Circuit-Noise-Resilient Virtual Distillation
Creators: name: Xu, Xiao-Yue
name: Ding, Chen
name: Zhang, Shuo
name: Bao, Wan-Su
name: Huang, He-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is vital for improving quantum algorithms' accuracy on noisy near-term devices. A typical QEM method, called Virtual Distillation (VD), can suffer from imperfect implementation, potentially leading to worse outcomes than without mitigation. To address this, we introduce Circuit-Noise-Resilient Virtual Distillation (CNR-VD), which includes a calibration process using simple input states to enhance VD's performance despite circuit noise, aiming to recover the results of an ideally conducted VD circuit. Simulations show that CNR-VD significantly mitigates noise-induced errors in VD circuits, boosting accuracy by up to tenfold over standard VD. It provides positive error mitigation even under high noise, where standard VD fails. Furthermore, our estimator's versatility extends its utility beyond VD, enhancing outcomes in general Hadamard-Test circuits. The proposed CNR-VD significantly enhances the noise-resilience of VD, and thus is anticipated to elevate the performance of quantum algorithm implementations on near-term quantum devices.
description: Communications Physics 7, 325 (2024)
Vector and tensor analysing powers in deuteron-proton breakup reactions at intermediate energies
Creators: name: Chiladze, D.
name: Carbonell, J.
name: Dymov, S.
name: Glagolev, V.
name: Hartmann, M.
name: Hejny, V.
name: Kacharava, A.
name: Keshelashvili, I.
name: Khoukaz, A.
name: Koch, H. R.
name: Komarov, V.
name: Kulessa, P.
name: Kulikov, A.
name: Macharashvili, G.
name: Maeda, Y.
name: Mersmann, T.
name: Merzliakov, S.
name: Mikirtytchiants, S.
name: Mussgiller, A.
name: Nioradze, M.
name: Ohm, H.
name: Rathmann, F.
name: Schleichert, R.
name: Stein, H. J.
name: Stroeher, H.
name: Uzikov, Yu.
name: Yaschenko, S.
name: Wilkin, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vector and tensor analysing powers of the d(pol)p->(pp)n (charge-exchange) and d(pol)p->(pn)p (non-charge-exchange) breakup reactions have been measured with the ANKE spectrometer at the COSY ring at a deuteron beam energy of 1170 MeV for small momentum transfers to the low excitation energy (pp) or (pn) systems. A quantitative understanding of the values of A_xx and A_yy for the charge-exchange reaction is provided by impulse approximation calculations. The data suggest that spin-flip isospin-flip transitions, which dominate the charge-exchange breakup of the deuteron, are also important in the non-charge-exchange reaction.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
An Examination of Additively Separable Willingness-To-Pay for Environmental Attributes: Evidence from a Pork Experiment
Creators: name: Hurley, Sean P.
name: Kliebenstein, James B.
name: Hurley, Sean P.
name: Kliebenstein, James B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This paper examines what is the best method for pork producers to market pork products with environmental attributes. The objective is to examine evidence of whether it is beneficial for pork producers to incorporate multiple environmental attributes into a single product or sell multiple products with a single environmental attribute.
Diversity Improves Speed and Accuracy in Social Networks
Creators: name: Karamched, Bhargav
name: Stickler, Megan
name: Ott, William
name: Lindner, Benjamin
name: Kilpatrick, Zachary
name: Josic, Kresimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60G70, 60H30, 92F05

description: How does temporally structured private and social information shape collective decisions? To address this question we consider a network of rational agents who independently accumulate private evidence that triggers a decision upon reaching a threshold. When seen by the whole network, the first agent's choice initiates a wave of new decisions; later decisions have less impact. In heterogeneous networks, first decisions are made quickly by impulsive individuals who need little evidence to make a choice, but, even when wrong, can reveal the correct options to nearly everyone else. We conclude that groups comprised of diverse individuals can make more efficient decisions than homogenous ones.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
The Competitive Causes and Consequences of Customer Satisfaction
Creators: name: Simon, Daniel H.
name: Gomez, Miguel I.
name: Simon, Daniel H.
name: Gomez, Miguel I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Customer Satisfaction
subject: Food retailing
subject: Competitive Strategy

description: We conduct two studies to test three hypotheses: (1) Competition increases a firm's customer satisfaction; (2) Rivals' customer satisfaction increases a firm's customer satisfaction; (3) Rivals' customer satisfaction reduces a firm's sales. First, we use store-level customer satisfaction data from a supermarket chain. Next, we consider a range of industries, using brand-level customer satisfaction ratings from the American Customer Satisfaction Index. Results from both studies provide support for the latter two hypotheses, while we only find support for the first hypothesis in the second study.
Experimental Search for Non-Newtonian Forces in the Nanometer Scale with Slow Neutrons
Creators: name: Kamiya, Y.
name: Cubitt, R.
name: Porcar, L.
name: Zimmer, O.
name: Kim, G. N.
name: Komamiya, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Improved limits for new gravity-like short-range interactions, in which a scattering potential is modeled by the Yukawa-type parametrization, have been obtained by measuring the angular distribution of 6 Å neutrons scattering from atomic xenon gas. We have collected approximately $1.4 \times 10^8$ small-angle neutron scattering events. The data are interpreted as no evidence of new forces and show improved upper limits on the coupling strength in the interaction range of $0.3$ nm to $9$ nm. These improved constraints are also interpreted as new limits for a model, in which a charge of the new forces is expressed as a linear combination of the baryon number and the lepton number.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, 14TH ASIA-PACIFIC PHYSICS CONFERENCE (APPC2019)
50. The DIVA project
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: As the Hipparcos project neared its completion in the mid-1990s, several groups around the world started to discuss possible follow-on missions. DIVA was an initiative led by German scientists, intended as a fast and cheap mission, exploiting advancing technology, and providing a bridge to the results expected from Gaia.
Measuring segregation characteristics of industrially relevant granular mixtures: Part I -- A continuum model approach
Creators: name: Fry, Alexander M.
name: Vidyapati, Vidya
name: Hecht, John P.
name: Umbanhowar, Paul B.
name: Ottino, Julio M.
name: Lueptow, Richard M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method to estimate the segregation parameter, $S,$ a key input in a continuum transport model of particulate flows. $S$ is determined by minimizing the difference between measured and model-predicted concentration profiles. To validate the approach, we conduct discrete element method simulations of size-bidisperse mixtures in quasi-2D bounded heap flow; the resulting data show that $S$ calculated from concentration profiles is consistent with the directly measured value. The method's accuracy depends critically on the velocity profile during filling, but only weakly on the diffusion coefficient. When the velocity profile is nominally spanwise invariant, the error between estimated and measured $S$ is $10\%$. This method is intended for practical application (described in Part II), so we restrict characterization of the velocity profile to that which can be readily determined experimentally, and explore the sensitivity of concentration profiles to variation of the gap between the sidewalls of the heap.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures. Correctly formatted version of article published in Powder Technology
vbyCaHbeta CCD Photometry of Clusters. VI. The Metal-Deficient Open Cluster NGC 2420
Creators: name: Anthony-Twarog, Barbara J.
name: Tanner, Delora
name: Cracraft, Misty
name: Twarog, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CCD photometry on the intermediate-band vbyCaHbeta system is presented for the metal-deficient open cluster, NGC 2420. Restricting the data to probable single members of the cluster using the CMD and the photometric indices alone generates a sample of 106 stars at the cluster turnoff. The average E(b-y) = 0.03 +/- 0.003 (s.e.m.) or E(B-V) = 0.050 +/- 0.004 (s.e.m.), where the errors refer to internal errors alone. With this reddening, [Fe/H] is derived from both m1 and hk, using b-y and Hbeta as the temperature index. The agreement among the four approaches is reasonable, leading to a final weighted average of [Fe/H] = -0.37 +/- 0.05 (s.e.m.) for the cluster, on a scale where the Hyades has [Fe/H] = +0.12. When combined with the abundances from DDO photometry and from recalibrated low-resolution spectroscopy, the mean metallicity becomes [Fe/H] = -0.32 +/- 0.03. It is also demonstrated that the average cluster abundances based upon either DDO data or low-resolution spectroscopy are consistently reliable to 0.05 dex or better, contrary to published attempts to establish an open cluster metallicity scale using simplistic offset corrections among different surveys.
description: scheduled for Jan. 2006 AJ; 33 pages, latex, includes 7 figures and 2 tables
Additional file 5 of Global transcriptomic responses orchestrate difenoconazole resistance in Penicillium spp. causing blue mold of stored apple fruit
Creators: name: Lichtner, Franz J.
name: Verneta L. Gaskins
name: Kerik D. Cox
name: Jurick, Wayne M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 5:. Primers S5. Primers used in this study.
Ion Induced Lamellar-Lamellar Phase Transition in Charged Surfactant Systems
Creators: name: Harries, Daniel
name: Podgornik, Rudi
name: Parsegian, V. Adrian
name: Mar-Or, Etay
name: Andelman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model for the liquid-liquid phase transition observed in osmotic pressure measurements of certain charged lamellae-forming amphiphiles. The model free energy combines mean-field electrostatic and phenomenological non-electrostatic interactions, while the number of dissociated counterions is treated as a variable degree of freedom that is determined self-consistently. The model, therefore, joins two well-known theories: the Poisson-Boltzmann theory for ionic solutions between charged lamellae, and Langmuir-Frumkin-Davies adsorption isotherm modified to account for charged adsorbing species. Minimizing the appropriate free energy for each interlamellar spacing, we find the ionic density profiles and the resulting osmotic pressure. While in the simple Poisson-Boltzmann theory the osmotic pressure isotherms are always smooth, we observe a discontinuous liquid-liquid phase transition when Poisson-Boltzmann theory is self-consistently augmented by Langmuir-Frumkin-Davies adsorption. This phase transition depends on the area per amphiphilic headgroup, as well as on non-electrostatic interactions of the counterions with the lamellae, and interactions between counterion-bound and counterion-dissociated surfactants. Coupling lateral phase transition in the bilayer plane with electrostatic interactions in the bulk, our results offer a qualitative explanation for the existence of the phase-transition of DDABr (didodecyldimethylammonium bromide), but its apparent absence for the chloride and the iodide homologues. More quantitative comparisons with experiment require better understanding of the microscopic basis of the phenomenological model parameters.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Demonstration of microwave single-shot quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Fesquet, F.
name: Kronowetter, F.
name: Renger, M.
name: Yam, W. K.
name: Gandorfer, S.
name: Inomata, K.
name: Nakamura, Y.
name: Marx, A.
name: Gross, R.
name: Fedorov, K. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Security of modern classical data encryption often relies on computationally hard problems, which can be trivialized with the advent of quantum computers. A potential remedy for this is quantum communication which takes advantage of the laws of quantum physics to provide secure exchange of information. Here, quantum key distribution (QKD) represents a powerful tool, allowing for unconditionally secure quantum communication between remote parties. At the same time, microwave quantum communication is set to play an important role in future quantum networks because of its natural frequency compatibility with superconducting quantum processors and modern near-distance communication standards. To this end, we present an experimental realization of a continuous-variable QKD protocol based on propagating displaced squeezed microwave states. We use superconducting parametric devices for generation and single-shot quadrature detection of these states. We demonstrate unconditional security in our experimental microwave QKD setting. We show that security performance can be improved by adding finite trusted noise to the preparation side. Our results indicate feasibility of secure microwave quantum communication with the currently available technology in both open-air (up to $\sim$ 80 m) and cryogenic (over 1000 m) conditions.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 1 supplementary information file
Light Sterile Neutrinos in the Supersymmetric U(1)' Models and Axion Models
Creators: name: Kang, Junhai
name: Li, Tianjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the minimal supersymmetric sterile neutrino model (MSSNM) where the sterile neutrino masses are about 1 eV, while the active neutrino masses and the mixings among the active and sterile neutrinos are generated during late time phase transition. All the current experimental neutrino data include the LSND can be explained simultaneously, and the constraints on the sterile neutrinos from the big bang nucleosynthesis and large scale structure can be evaded. To realize the MSSNM naturally, we consider the supersymmetric intermediate-scale U(1)' model, the low energy U(1)' model with a secluded U(1)'-breaking sector, and the DFSZ and KSVZ axion models. In these models, the $μ$ problem can be solved elegantly, and the 1 eV sterile neutrino masses can be generated via high-dimensional operators. For the low energy U(1)' model with a secluded U(1)'-breaking sector, we also present a scenario in which the masses and mixings for the active and sterile neutrinos are all generated during late time phase transition.
description: RevTex4, 19 pages, References added
Crop Genetic Diversity, Food Security and Farm Household Well-being During Shocks
Creators: name: Lipper, Leslie
name: Hopkins, Jeffrey W.
name: Cavatassi, Romina
name: Lipper, Leslie
name: Hopkins, Jeffrey W.
name: Cavatassi, Romina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Farm Management

description: In this paper we use a unique dataset from eastern Ethiopia to explore the role of crop genetic resources in attaining household food security. The study area is a center of origin and domestication for sorghum, and about three quarters of the farms are growing land race varieties of sorghum rather than improved varieties; while about three quarters of farms grow improved varieties of wheat rather than land races. Our analysis has indicated that there is an important link between crop genetic diversity and the choice of coping mechanism households adopt in the face of a production shock from drought.
Planetary thermal evolution models with tectonic transitions
Creators: name: O'Neill, Craig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal history calculations provide important insights into the interior evolution of planets, but incorporate simplified dynamics from the systems they represent. Planetary interiors typical incorporate complex rheologies, viscous layering, lateral heterogeneities, and time delays in processes, which have not been traditionally represented by parameterised approaches. Here we develop numerical models for planetary evolution, incorporating the physical complexity of Earth's interior, and use them to generate statistically-based Nu-Ra scalings. These encapsulate the main effects of tectonic transitions, geometry, and depth-dependent rheology, and time-sensitivity. We find an exponent $β$ of ~0.26 best describes the Nu-Ra relationship for evolving mobile lid systems, and $β$ ~0.12 for stagnant-lid systems. Systems with time dependent subduction have $β$ varying between ~0.26 during the Hadean, when external factors such as impacts facilitate tectonics, to ~0.12 during the Archaean, when the system is dominated by long periods of quiescence, and systems driven by external forcings (eg. due to impacts in the first 100Myr of Earth's history) may exhibit much higher exponents. We also find a time-lag between Ra (which primarily depends on mantle temperature) and Nu (normalised surface heat flow) of around 200-300Myr, suggesting a significant delay between mantle thermal configuration, and its surface manifestation. These results provide an approach for the rapid characterisation of tectonic, volcanic, and atmospheric evolution of terrestrial exoplanets.
description: Revisions submitted to PSS
GPT-4V(ision) for Robotics: Multimodal Task Planning from Human Demonstration
Creators: name: Wake, Naoki
name: Kanehira, Atsushi
name: Sasabuchi, Kazuhiro
name: Takamatsu, Jun
name: Ikeuchi, Katsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a pipeline that enhances a general-purpose Vision Language Model, GPT-4V(ision), to facilitate one-shot visual teaching for robotic manipulation. This system analyzes videos of humans performing tasks and outputs executable robot programs that incorporate insights into affordances. The process begins with GPT-4V analyzing the videos to obtain textual explanations of environmental and action details. A GPT-4-based task planner then encodes these details into a symbolic task plan. Subsequently, vision systems spatially and temporally ground the task plan in the videos. Objects are identified using an open-vocabulary object detector, and hand-object interactions are analyzed to pinpoint moments of grasping and releasing. This spatiotemporal grounding allows for the gathering of affordance information (e.g., grasp types, waypoints, and body postures) critical for robot execution. Experiments across various scenarios demonstrate the method's efficacy in enabling real robots to operate from one-shot human demonstrations. Meanwhile, quantitative tests have revealed instances of hallucination in GPT-4V, highlighting the importance of incorporating human supervision within the pipeline. The prompts of GPT-4V/GPT-4 are available at this project page: https://microsoft.github.io/GPT4Vision-Robot-Manipulation-Prompts/
description: 8 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables. Published in IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RA-L) (in press). Last updated on September 26th, 2024
Slow Light amplification in a non-inverted gain medium
Creators: name: Caruso, Filippo
name: Herrera, Ivan
name: Bartalini, Saverio
name: Cataliotti, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the propagation of a coherent probe light pulse through a three-level atomic medium (in the $Λ$--configuration) in the presence of a pump laser under the conditions for gain without inversion. When the carrier frequency of the probe pulse and the pump laser are in a Raman configuration, we show that it is possible to amplify a slow propagating pulse. We also analyze the regime in which the probe pulse is slightly detuned from resonance where we observe anomalous light propagation.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures. To be published in Europhysics Letters