cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Q8BERT: Quantized 8Bit BERT
Creators: name: Zafrir, Ofir
name: Boudoukh, Guy
name: Izsak, Peter
name: Wasserblat, Moshe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, pre-trained Transformer based language models such as BERT and GPT, have shown great improvement in many Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, these models contain a large amount of parameters. The emergence of even larger and more accurate models such as GPT2 and Megatron, suggest a trend of large pre-trained Transformer models. However, using these large models in production environments is a complex task requiring a large amount of compute, memory and power resources. In this work we show how to perform quantization-aware training during the fine-tuning phase of BERT in order to compress BERT by $4\times$ with minimal accuracy loss. Furthermore, the produced quantized model can accelerate inference speed if it is optimized for 8bit Integer supporting hardware.
description: 5 Pages, Accepted at the 5th Workshop on Energy Efficient Machine Learning and Cognitive Computing - NeurIPS 2019
Price transmission from international to domestic markets
Creators: name: Greb, Friederike
name: Jamora, Nelissa
name: Mengel, Carolin
name: Von Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan
name: Wurriehausen, Nadine
name: Greb, Friederike
name: Jamora, Nelissa
name: Mengel, Carolin
name: Von Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan
name: Wurriehausen, Nadine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: price transmission
subject: cointegration
subject: developing countries
subject: agricultural trade
subject: maize
subject: rice
subject: wheat
subject: commodity prices

description: This study aims to improve our understanding of the extent and speed of the transmission of international cereal prices to local markets in developing countries. We analyse two samples of price transmission (PT) estimates, one extracted from a comprehensive literature sample of 31 published papers and studies on cereal price transmission and one containing of own estimates of cereal PT using the FAO’s GIEWS dataset. We also present the results of a non-parametric analysis of PT in which we analyse the share of periods in which domestic and international prices have jointly increased or decreased. We find a higher share of cointegrated commodity market pairs in the literature sample (79% compared to 43%). This may be due to publication bias. Cointegration is more prevalent for maize market pairs and less prevalent for rice market pairs. Both the literature and the GIEWS-based estimates point to average long-run PT coefficients of roughly 0.75 and average short-run adjustment parameters of roughly 0.09-0.11. In most cases domestic prices adjust to deviations from the long-run price relationship, but international prices do not. The only notable exception to this rule is rice, which suggests that the determination of international rice prices differs fundamentally from the determination of international wheat and maize prices. In a subsequent meta-regression analysis we measure how much of the variation in the samples of PT estimates can be explained by country- or product-specific factors. However, this analysis fails to generate compelling results. An analysis of domestic price volatility reveals that median volatility has increased since July 2007.
Mediala bipars Fibiger 2008, new combination
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Mediala
Mediala bipars

description: Mediala bipars (Hampson, 1907), new combination
(Plate 3, figures 6, 7; male genit. plate 15, figure 5; female genit. plate 23, figure 7)
 Tolpia bipars Hampson, 1907. The Moths of India. Journal, Bombay Natural History Society, Vol. XVII: 651. TL: [Sri lanka] Ceylon, Bogawantalawa.
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
37. 05.15 Researc J Pharm. and Tech. 8(7) July 2015.pdf
Creators: name: Narendrakumar Gopakumaran
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60107 Enzymes
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Box- Behnken experimental design for cultural optimization engages a specific study on the area of individualfactors such as temperature, pH, Agitation, Inoculum size and Incubation time. Production of laccase increased bymodification of cultural conditions. In this study, RSM-BB was used for optimizing culture media for maximizinglaccase production by using Pleurotus ostreatus in batch fermentation. The optimized cultural conditions increasedtwo fold of laccase production. 46 experiments runs were attained for optimum enzyme production and thecoefficient of determination was 99.1% with adjusted R2 value of 98.3 and predicted with 96.5 for enzymeproduction from Pleurotus ostreatus PKN04. For the biomass production the R2 was 98.6%, adjusted and predicted R2 were 97.5% and 94.65% respectively. This shows the significance of the model and effective production of enzyme from Pleurotus ostreatus.
The driving scale -- density decorrelation scale relation in a turbulent medium
Creators: name: Bialy, Shmuel
name: Burkhart, Blakesley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density fluctuations produced by supersonic turbulence are of great importance to astrophysical chemical models. A property of these density fluctuations is that the two point correlation function decreases with increasing scale separation. The relation between the density decorrelation length scale ($L_{\rm dec}$) and the turbulence driving scale ($L_{\rm drive}$) determines how turbulence affects the density and chemical structures in the interstellar medium (ISM), and is a key component for using observations of atomic and molecular tracers to constrain turbulence properties. We run a set of numerical simulations of supersonic magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, with different sonic Mach numbers ($\mathcal{M}_s=4.5, 7$) , and driven on varying scales (1/2.5, 1/5, 1/7) the box length. We derive the $L_{\rm dec}-L_{\rm drive}$ relation as a function of Mach number, driving scale, and the orientation of the line-of-sight (LOS) in respect to the magnetic-field. We find that the mean ratio $L_{\rm dec}/L_{\rm drive} = 0.19 \pm 0.10$, when averaged over snapshots, Mach numbers, driving lengths, and the three LOSs. For LOS parallel to the magnetic field the density structures are statistically smaller and the $L_{\rm dec}-L_{\rm drive}$ relation is tighter, with $L_{\rm dec}/L_{\rm drive} = 0.112 \pm 0.024$. We discuss our results in the context of using observations of chemical tracers to constrain the dominant turbulence driving scale in the ISM.
description: Accepted for publication in the ApJ. Letters
Interplay of quantum and thermal fluctuations in a frustrated magnet
Creators: name: Isakov, S. V.
name: Moessner, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the presence of an extended critical phase in the transverse field Ising magnet on the triangular lattice, in a regime where both thermal and quantum fluctuations are important. We map out a complete phase diagram by means of quantum Monte Carlo simulations, and find that the critical phase is the result of thermal fluctuations destabilising an order established by the quantum fluctuations. It is separated by two Kosterlitz-Thouless transitions from the paramagnet on one hand and the quantum-fluctuation driven three-sublattice ordered phase on the other. Our work provides further evidence that the zero temperature quantum phase transition is in the 3d XY universality class.
description: 9 pages, revtex4
Targeting efficiency of nanoliposomes on atherosclerotic foam cells: polyethylene glycol-to-ligand ratio effects
Creators: name: Darwitan, Anastasia
name: Tan, Yang Fei
name: Wong, Yee Shan
name: Nedumaran, Anu Maashaa
name: Czarny, Bertrand
name: Subbu Venkatraman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Nanoparticles that actively target tissues, with ligands attached at the extremity of polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer, are a promising strategy to enhance target cell specificity and internalization. However, the interplay between the targeting ligands and the adjacent ligand-free PEG remains poorly understood. Experimentally, liposomes containing active folate ligands were firstly formulated and the optimum amount of ligand that yields the highest foam cell uptake was determined. Subsequently, ligand-free PEG was incorporated, and the effects of PEG lengths and concentrations on foam cell uptake were evaluated after the nanoparticles were incubated in human serum for 90 min. It was demonstrated that the targeting efficiency progressively decreased and was eventually annulled as PEG-to-ligand ratio was increased, with loss of targeting effect occurring at PEG-to-ligand ratio of >2 for PEG 750, >0.5 for PEG 2000 and <0.5 for PEG 5000. This work demonstrates that PEG-to-ligand ratio and serum coating on nanoparticle surface are both important features to be considered in the design of active targeting nanocarriers. This work also supports the development of novel active targeting nanotherapies for atherosclerosis.
Studying bias in visual features through the lens of optimal transport
Creators: name: Fabbrizzi, Simone
name: Zhao, Xuan
name: Krasanakis, Emmanouil
name: Papadopoulos, Symeon
name: Ntoutsi, Eirini
Publisher: name: Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer vision
subject: Dataset exploration
subject: Fairness and bias
subject: Optimal transport
subject: Tools and frameworks
subject: Wasserstein distance
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik

description: Computer vision systems are employed in a variety of high-impact applications. However, making them trustworthy requires methods for the detection of potential biases in their training data, before models learn to harm already disadvantaged groups in downstream applications. Image data are typically represented via extracted features, which can be hand-crafted or pre-trained neural network embeddings. In this work, we introduce a framework for bias discovery given such features that is based on optimal transport theory; it uses the (quadratic) Wasserstein distance to quantify disparity between the feature distributions of two demographic groups (e.g., women vs men). In this context, we show that the Kantorovich potentials of the images, which are a byproduct of computing the Wasserstein distance and act as “transportation prices", can serve as bias scores by indicating which images might exhibit distinct biased characteristics. We thus introduce a visual dataset exploration pipeline that helps auditors identify common characteristics across high- or low-scored images as potential sources of bias. We conduct a case study to identify prospective gender biases and demonstrate theoretically-derived properties with experiments on the CelebA and Biased MNIST datasets.
Critical role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in acid aspiration induced ALI in mice
Creators: name: Puri, Gayatri
name: Naura, Amarjit S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a pulmonary inflammatory disorder which causes significant mortality in critically ill patients. Intracellular oxidative stress has been considered to be the major component in the pathogenesis of ALI but exact source of intracellular ROS is not clearly known. The present study has been designed to elucidate the role of NADPH oxidase system and/or mitochondrial oxidative stress and its downstream pathway NLRP3 inflammasomes in mouse model of acid aspiration mediated ALI. Our data showed that acid aspiration induced lung inflammation was associated with enhanced oxidative stress as evident by data on MDA levels, nitrite levels and redox imbalance. Further acid aspiration resulted in elevation of expression of NADPH oxidase subunits (gp91 phox/p22 phox/p67 phox) as well as mitochondrial oxidative stress as reflected by aconitase activity, mitochondrial ROS levels. Interestingly, NADPH oxidase inhibitor, apocynin did not alter lung inflammation upon HCl instillation. Conversely, mitochondrial antioxidant mito-tempo resulted in significant amelioration of lung inflammation as indicated by suppression of pulmonary neutrophils and inflammatory cytokines namely IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 in BALF. Analysis of mitochondrial enzymes aconitase/mitochondrial ROS/Mn-SOD confirmed that reduction in lung inflammation by mito-tempo was associated with normalization of oxidative stress in mitochondria. Further, mito-tempo administration blunted phosphorylation of p65- NF-κB at Ser 536. Finally, mito-tempo downregulated HCl-induced NF-κB-dependent pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6) drastically at mRNA levels. Overall, our data support that mitochondrial oxidative stress is crucial in modulating the HCl induced lung inflammation and identifies mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant as a potential therapeutic agent.
Compact single-shot electro-optic detection system for THz pulses with femtosecond time resolution at MHz repetition rates
Creators: name: Steffen, B.
name: Gerth, Ch.
name: Caselle, M.
name: Felber, M.
name: Kozak, T.
name: Makowski, D. R.
name: Mavrič, U.
name: Mielczarek, A.
name: Peier, P.
name: Przygoda, K.
name: Rota, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electro-optical detection has proven to be a valuable technique to study temporal profiles of THz pulses with pulse durations down to femtoseconds. As the Coulomb field around a relativistic electron bunch resembles the current profile, electro-optical detection can be exploited for non-invasive bunch length measurements at accelerators. We have developed a very compact and robust electro-optical detection system based on spectral decoding for bunch length monitoring at the European XFEL with single-shot resolution better than 200~fs. Apart from the GaP crystal and the corresponding laser optics at the electron beamline, all components are housed in 19\" chassis for rack mount and remote operation inside the accelerator tunnel. An advanced laser synchronization scheme based on radio-frequency down-conversion has been developed for locking a custom-made Yb-fiber laser to the radio-frequency of the European XFEL accelerator. In order to cope with the high bunch repetition rate of the superconducting accelerator, a novel linear array detector (KALYPSO) has been employed for spectral measurements of the Yb-fiber laser pulses at frame rates of up to 2.26~MHz. In this paper, we describe all sub-systems of the electro-optical detection system as well as the measurement procedure in detail, and discuss first measurement results of longitudinal bunch profiles of around 400~fs (rms) with an arrival-time jitter of 35~fs (rms).
Mediala spectaculoides Fibiger, 2008, new species
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Mediala
Mediala spectaculoides

description: Mediala spectaculoides Fibiger, new species
(Plate 3, figure 8; male genit plate 15, figure 6)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 31, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
Photometric Estimates of Stellar Masses in High-Redshift Galaxies
Creators: name: Berta, Stefano
name: Fritz, Jacopo
name: Franceschini, Alberto
name: Bressan, Alessandro
name: Lonsdale, Carol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new tool for the photometric estimate of stellar masses in distant galaxies. The observed SEDs are fitted by combining single stellar populations, with different SFRs and amounts of dust extinction. This approach gives us the best flexibility when dealing with the widest variety of physical situation for the target galaxies. In particular we tested the code on three classes of sources: dusty ISO-selected starbursts, K-band selected ellipticals/S0s and z=2-3 Lyman-break galaxies. We pay particular attention in evaluating the uncertainties in the stellar mass estimate, due to degeneracies in the physical parameters, different SFHs or metallicities. Based on optical-NIR photometric data, the stellar masses are found to have overall uncertainties of a factor of ~2 for E/S0s, ~2-5 for the starbursts population, and up to 10 for Ly-break galaxies. In any case the latter appear to correspond to a galaxy population significantly less massive than those observed at lower redshifts, possibly indicating substantial stellar build-up at z~1-2 in the field galaxy population. Using simulated deep SIRTF/IRAC observations of starbursts and Lyman-break galaxies, we investigate how an extension of the wavelength dynamic range will decrease the uncertainties in the stellar mass estimate, and find that they will reduce for both classes to factors of 2-3, good enough for statistically reliable determinations of the galaxy evolutionary mass functions.
description: 14 pages; 3 jpg figures; A&A, in press
Silver(I)-mediated oxidation/cyclization of acrylamides with alkyl trifluoroborates
Creators: name: Ding, Siyi
name: Ren, Huaping
name: Zhu, Min
name: Ma, Qiang
name: Miao, Zongcheng
name: Li, Pengfei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A mild silver-mediated oxidative cyclization of acrylamides has been developed by using alkyl trifluoroborates as radical precursors. It proceeds through a tandem radical addition/cyclization process, in which two new carbon-carbon bonds were formed. This protocol allows reliable and practical access to build the skeleton of 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles in moderate yields, the readily available starting reagents, broad substrate scope and mild reaction conditions are the characteristic features of this protocol.
Using functional links between distinct RNA enzymes to guide computational studies and uncover biocatalytic strategies.
Creators: name: Kostenbader, Kenneth
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: A useful way to build a predictive understanding of biocatalysis is to isolate the critically conservedfeatures of dissimilar enzymes that catalyze the same reaction, while at the same time identify subtle variations that provide insight to guide design. In the last seven years, the number of ribozyme classes that have been structurally characterized has more than doubled, and for the first time, there is compelling evidence of a common set of catalytic strategies. This dissertation outlines a general approach to the investigation of novel ribozymes by describing a series of molecular simulation results for the pistol ribozyme (Psr), contextualized by the existing mechanistic understandings of the Hammerhead ribozyme. Chapter 2 provides a detailed perspective of the computational tools that were used in this study, while Chapter 3 outlines new developments that could aid in the application of these tools to the studies described in Chapters 4 and 5. Chapter 4 presents an in-depth comparison of the pistol and hammerhead catalytic mechanisms as inferred from MD simulations, and Chapter 5 closes with insights into the rate-limiting step in pistol’s catalysic mechanism as inferred from QM/MM simulations.
Increasing two-photon entangled dimensions by shaping input beam profiles
Creators: name: Liu, Shilong
name: Zhang, Yingwen
name: Yang, Chen
name: Liu, Shikai
name: Ge, Zheng
name: Li, Yinhai
name: Li, Yan
name: Zhou, Zhiyuan
name: Guo, Guangcan
name: Shi, Baosen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photon pair entangled in high dimensional orbital angular momentum (OAM) degree of freedom (DOF) has been widely regarded as a possible source in improving the capacity of quantum information processing. The need for the generation of a high dimensional maximally entangled state in the OAM DOF is therefore much desired. In this work, we demonstrate a simple method to generate a broader and flatter OAM spectrum, i.e. a larger spiral bandwidth (SB), of entangled photon pairs generated through spontaneous parametric down-conversion by modifying the pump beam profile. By investigating both experimentally and theoretically, we have found that an exponential pump profile that is roughly the inverse of the mode profiles of the single-mode fibers used for OAM detection will provide a much larger SB when compared to a Gaussian shaped pump.
description: This manuscript was accepted by PRA. In this version, we compose sup. to the main text, also fine repair some figures
Extruded filaments derived 3D printed medicated skin patch to mitigate destructive pulmonary tuberculosis: design to delivery
Creators: name: Vishal Sharad Chaudhari
name: Tushar Kanti Malakar
name: Upadhyayula Suryanarayana Murty
name: Subham Banerjee
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Background: Quercetin in combination with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was found to limit the spreading of necrosis to unaffected tissues in tuberculosis-infected mice. Therefore, we hypothesized that 3D printed medicated skin patch incorporated with a quercetin-PVP combination would provide an appropriate therapeutic drug concentration with desired sustained release profile. Research design and methods: We fabricated quercetin-PVP 40 extruded-filaments by hot-melt extrusion (HME) technique along with Eudragit® RSPO and tri-ethyl citrate and further printed it to make medicated skin patches using fused deposition modeling (FDM) based 3D Printing technology. Various characterizations were performed to optimize the 3D-printed patch formulation. Results: Patch formulation has been optimized for several characterization parameters and was further assessed using SEM, DSC, and XRD studies to confirm the conversion of crystalline quercetin into an amorphous form. Finally, the pharmacokinetic profile of an optimized patch was studied in rats showing prolonged Tmax, lowered Cmax, and reduced fluctuations in plasma concentrations till 18 days with single skin application of 3D-printed medicated patch. Conclusion: Overall data confirmed the feasibility of developing 3D printed medicated skin patches to provide plasma levels for continued 18 days in rats after a single application.
Financial Institutions for Agriculture: A View to the Future
Creators: name: Duncan, Marvin R.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Duncan, Marvin R.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: The outlook for farmers and their financial services institutions is undergoing fundamental change. No longer do farmers desire only credit services. They also want insurance, lease financing, trust, brokerage, merger and acquisition, financial management and other services.
Phase diagram of the $t-t'-U$ chain at half filling
Creators: name: Torio, M. E.
name: Aligia, A. A.
name: Ceccatto, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the half filled Hubbard chain including next-nearest-neighbor hopping $t'$. The model has three phases: one insulating phase with dominant spin-density-wave correlations at large distances (SDWI), another phase with dominant spin-dimer correlations or dimerized insulator (DI), and a third one in which long distance correlations indicate singlet superconductivity (SS). The boundaries of the SDWI are accurately determined numerically through a crossing of excited energy levels equivalent to the jump in the spin Berry phase. The DI-SS boundary is studied using several indicators like correlation exponent $K_ρ$, Drude weight $D_{c}$, localization parameter $z_{L}$ and charge gap $Δ_{c}$.
description: 6 pages including 7 figures
Deep-learning-enabled geometric constraints and phase unwrapping for single-shot absolute 3D shape measurement
Creators: name: Qian, Jiaming
name: Feng, Shijie
name: Tao, Tianyang
name: Hu, Yan
name: Li, Yixuan
name: Chen, Qian
name: Zuo, Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Fringe projection profilometry (FPP) is one of the most popular three-dimensional (3D) shape measurement techniques, and has becoming more prevalently adopted in intelligent manufacturing, defect detection and some other important applications. In FPP, how to efficiently recover the absolute phase has always been a great challenge. The stereo phase unwrapping (SPU) technologies based on geometric constraints can eliminate phase ambiguity without projecting any additional fringe patterns, which maximizes the efficiency of the retrieval of absolute phase. Inspired by the recent success of deep learning technologies for phase analysis, we demonstrate that deep learning can be an effective tool that organically unifies the phase retrieval, geometric constraints, and phase unwrapping steps into a comprehensive framework. Driven by extensive training dataset, the neutral network can gradually "learn" how to transfer one high-frequency fringe pattern into the "physically meaningful", and "most likely" absolute phase, instead of "step by step" as in convention approaches. Based on the properly trained framework, high-quality phase retrieval and robust phase ambiguity removal can be achieved based on only single-frame projection. Experimental results demonstrate that compared with traditional SPU, our method can more efficiently and stably unwrap the phase of dense fringe images in a larger measurement volume with fewer camera views. Limitations about the proposed approach are also discussed. We believe the proposed approach represents an important step forward in high-speed, high-accuracy, motion-artifacts-free absolute 3D shape measurement for complicated object from a single fringe pattern.
Differential hydrophobicity drives self-assembly in Huntington's disease
Creators: name: Burke, Martin G.
name: Woscholski, Rudiger
name: Yaliraki, Sophia N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Identifying the driving forces and the mechanism of association of huntingtin-exon1, a close marker for the progress of Huntington's disease, is an important prerequisite towards finding potential drug targets, and ultimately a cure. We introduce here a modelling framework based on a key analogy of the physico-chemical properties of the exon1 fragment to block copolymers. We use a systematic mesoscale methodology, based on Dissipative Particle Dynamics, which is capable of overcoming kinetic barriers, thus capturing the dynamics of significantly larger systems over longer times than considered before. Our results reveal that the relative hydrophobicity of the poly-glutamine block as compared to the rest of the (proline-based) exon1 fragment, ignored to date, constitutes a major factor in the initiation of the self-assembly process. We find that the assembly is governed by both the concentration of exon1 and the length of the poly-glutamine stretch, with a low length threshold for association even at the lowest volume fractions we considered. Moreover, this self-association occurs irrespective of whether the glutamine stretch is in random coil or hairpin configuration, leading to spherical or cylindrical assemblies, respectively. We discuss the implications of these results for reinterpretation of existing research within this context, including that the routes towards aggregation of exon1 may be distinct to those of the widely studied homopolymeric poly-glutamine peptides.
Supplementary material from Fusion of multi-view ultrasonic data for increased detection performance in non-destructive evaluation
Creators: name: Wilcox, Paul D.
name: Croxford, Anthony J.
name: Budyn, Nicolas
name: Bevan, Rhodri L. T.
name: Zhang, Jie
name: Kashubin, Artem
name: Cawley, Peter
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020

description: Details of pre-processing, statistical approximations & derivations and finite element validation
Melaleucia Hampson 1900
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nolidae
Melaleucia

description: Subgenus MELALEUCIA Hampson, 1900   Taxonomic notes.
 Described under the genus Melaleucia Hamps. Melaleucia species comprises three closely related and sympatrically occuring species: C. uparta, new species, and C. tertia, new species, and C. obliquifasciata Hamps.
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
Beyond density functional theory: the domestication of nonlocal potentials
Creators: name: Nesbet, Robert K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to efficient scaling with electron number N, density functional theory (DFT) is widely used for studies of large molecules and solids. Restriction of an exact mean-field theory to local potential functions has recently been questioned. This review summarizes motivation for extending current DFT to include nonlocal one-electron potentials, and proposes methodology for implementation of the theory. The theoretical model, orbital functional theory (OFT), is shown to be exact in principle for the general N-electron problem. In practice it must depend on a parametrized correlation energy functional. Functionals are proposed suitable for short-range Coulomb-cusp correlation and for long-range polarization response correlation. A linearized variational cellular method (LVCM) is proposed as a common formalism for molecules and solids. Implementation of nonlocal potentials is reduced to independent calculations for each inequivalent atomic cell.
description: Accepted for publication in Modern Physics Letters B (2004)
Biotech Tradeoffs in the Rural Economy
Creators: name: Buttel, Frederick H.
name: Buttel, Frederick H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Labor and Human Capital
Livestock Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Few biotechnology products have begun commercial production, yet they are already being portrayed as catalysts for wide-ranging unpredictable change. One biotech product, bovine growth hormone, is touted to revolutionize the dairy industry by dramatically raising milk production per cow. Biotechnology's benefits to rural American may come chiefly in expanded demand for raw materials
Robust Estimators under the Imprecise Dirichlet Model
Creators: name: Hutter, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Walley's Imprecise Dirichlet Model (IDM) for categorical data overcomes several fundamental problems which other approaches to uncertainty suffer from. Yet, to be useful in practice, one needs efficient ways for computing the imprecise=robust sets or intervals. The main objective of this work is to derive exact, conservative, and approximate, robust and credible interval estimates under the IDM for a large class of statistical estimators, including the entropy and mutual information.
description: 16 LaTeX pages
A View of Agriculture's Future Through a Wide-Angle Lens
Creators: name: Allen, Kristen
name: Allen, Kristen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Traditional agricultural policy and its attendant narrow focus may have had its heyday. In the coming decades, agriculturalists must be better prepared for the rapid integration of forces not typically viewed as connected: changing consumer tastes and attitudes about food , agriculture, the environment, and resource use in an economically, socially, and politically changing world, with very new production and processing technologies. The combination of these forces will affect agriculture both directly and through their influence on other policies. Forthe agricultural community the message is adapt, learn , educate-or perish.
Melaleucia (Melaleucia) uparta Fibiger, 2008, new species
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nolidae
Melaleucia
Melaleucia uparta

description: Melaleucia (Melaleucia) uparta Fibiger, new species
(Plate 4, figures 1, 2; male genit. plate 16, figure 1; female genit. plate 24, figure 1)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
Chandra Detections of Two Quiescent Black Hole X-Ray Transients
Creators: name: Tomsick, John A.
name: Corbel, Stephane
name: Fender, Rob
name: Miller, Jon M.
name: Orosz, Jerome A.
name: Rupen, Michael P.
name: Tzioumis, Tasso
name: Wijnands, Rudy
name: Kaaret, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Chandra X-ray Observatory, we have detected the black hole transients V4641 Sgr and XTE J1859+226 in their low luminosity, quiescent states. The 0.3-8 keV luminosities are (4.0^(+3.3)_(-2.4))E31 (d/7 kpc)^2 erg/s and (4.2^(+4.8)_(-2.2))E31 (d/11 kpc)^2 erg/s for V4641 Sgr and XTE J1859+226, respectively. With the addition of these 2 systems, 14 out of the 15 transients with confirmed black holes (via compact object mass measurements) now have measured quiescent luminosities or sensitive upper limits. The only exception is GRS 1915+105, which has not been in quiescence since its discovery in 1992. The luminosities for V4641 Sgr and XTE J1859+226 are consistent with the median luminosity of 2E31 erg/s for the systems with previous detections. Our analysis suggests that the quiescent X-ray spectrum of V4641 Sgr is harder than for the other systems in this group, but, due to the low statistical quality of the spectrum, it is not clear if V4641 Sgr is intrinsically hard or if the column density is higher than the interstellar value. Focusing on V4641 Sgr, we compare our results to theoretical models for X-ray emission from black holes in quiescence. Also, we obtain precise X-ray positions for V4641 Sgr and XTE J1859+226 via cross-correlation of the X-ray sources detected near our targets with IR sources in the 2 Micron All-Sky Survey catalog.
description: 4 pages, Accepted by ApJ Letters
Landau-Zener-Stueckelberg effect in a model of interacting tunneling systems
Creators: name: Garanin, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Landau-Zener-Stueckelberg (LZS) effect in a model system of interacting tunneling particles is studied numerically and analytically. Each of N tunneling particles interacts with each of the others with the same coupling J. This problem maps onto that of the LZS effect for a large spin S=N/2. The mean-field limit N=>\infty corresponds to the classical limit S=>\infty for the effective spin. It is shown that the ferromagnetic coupling J>0 tends to suppress the LZS transitions. For N=>\infty there is a critical value of J above which the staying probability P does not go to zero in the slow sweep limit, unlike the standard LZS effect. In the same limit for J>0 LZS transitions are boosted and P=0 for a set of finite values of the sweep rate. Various limiting cases such as strong and weak interaction, slow and fast sweep are considered analytically. It is shown that the mean-field approach works well for arbitrary N if the interaction J is weak.
description: 13 PR pages, 15 Figs
Sampled Limited Memory Methods for Massive Linear Inverse Problems
Creators: name: Chung, Julianne
name: Chung, Matthias
name: Slagel, J. Tanner
name: Tenorio, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In many modern imaging applications the desire to reconstruct high resolution images, coupled with the abundance of data from acquisition using ultra-fast detectors, have led to new challenges in image reconstruction. A main challenge is that the resulting linear inverse problems are massive. The size of the forward model matrix exceeds the storage capabilities of computer memory, or the observational dataset is enormous and not available all at once. Row-action methods that iterate over samples of rows can be used to approximate the solution while avoiding memory and data availability constraints. However, their overall convergence can be slow. In this paper, we introduce a sampled limited memory row-action method for linear least squares problems, where an approximation of the global curvature of the underlying least squares problem is used to speed up the initial convergence and to improve the accuracy of iterates. We show that this limited memory method is a generalization of the damped block Kaczmarz method, and we prove linear convergence of the expectation of the iterates and of the error norm up to a convergence horizon. Numerical experiments demonstrate the benefits of these sampled limited memory row-action methods for massive 2D and 3D inverse problems in tomography applications.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures
O PROCEDIMENTO DE NOTIFICAÇÃO COMPULSÓRIA NOS ESTABELECIMENTOS DE ENSINO NA NOVA POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE PREVENÇÃO DA AUTOMUTILAÇÃO E DO SUICÍDIO
Creators: name: FERNANDO NABÃO LOPES FERREIRA
name: IVAN DIAS DA MOTTA
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This article aims to address violence as a public health issue, as violence threatens living conditions, work, interpersonal relationships, and is a complex reflection on violence and its various conditioning factors. In the Statute of Children and Adolescents, the highlight on health is present in article 7, stating that “children and adolescents have the right to protection of life and health through the implementation of public social policies that allow birth and development. healthy and harmonious, in conditions worthy of existence ”. Despite the classification of violence as a public health problem, the purpose of this paper, and the issue to be raised, is to question how schools can contribute to the prevention and combat of self-inflicted violence. With the advent of Law 13.819 / 19, which establishes the National Policy for the Prevention of Self-Harm and Suicide, the legislator provides, in article 6, item II and paragraph 5, that suspected or confirmed cases of self-harm are compulsory notification by the public and private schools to the Guardianship Council, as well as directing the schools to inform and train the professionals who work in its precincts regarding the notification procedures established by Law. The policies and programs implemented by the Ministries of Health and Education already perform this work in the current Brazilian scenario.
Typicality in the foundations of statistical physics and Born's rule
Creators: name: Dürr, Detlef
name: Struyve, Ward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Typicality has always been in the minds of the founding fathers of probability theory when probabilistic reasoning is applied to the real world. However, the role of typicality is not always appreciated. An example is the paper "Foundations of statistical mechanics and the status of Born's rule in de Broglie-Bohm pilot-wave theory" by Antony Valentini, where he presents typicality and relaxation to equilibrium as distinct approaches to the proof of Born's rule, while typicality is in fact an overriding necessity. Moreover the "typicality approach" to Born's rule of "the Bohmian mechanics school" is claimed to be inherently circular. We wish to explain once more in very simple terms why the accusation is off target and why "relaxation to equilibrium" is neither necessary nor sufficient to justify Born's rule.
description: 8 pages, no figures, LaTex; Chapter prepared for the book "Do wave functions jump? Perspectives on the work of GC Ghirardi", eds.: V. Allori, A. Bassi, D. D\"urr and N. Zangh\`i; Springer International Publishing
Melaleucia (Melaleucia) tertia Fibiger, 2008, new species
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nolidae
Melaleucia
Melaleucia tertia

description: Melaleucia (Melaleucia) tertia Fibiger, new species
(Plate 4, figures 3, 4; male genit. plate 16, figure 2; female genit. plate 24, figure 2)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 35, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
A multicenter, open-label study to evaluate the safe and effective use of a new electromechanical auto-injection device for self-injection of certolizumab pegol
Creators: name: Tatla, Daljit
name: Mountian, Irina
name: Boglarka Szegvari
name: VanLunen, Brenda
name: Schiff, Michael
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: ava® is a new reusable electromechanical auto-injector (e-Device) with disposable, single-use certolizumab pegol (CZP) dispensing cartridges. RA0098 (NCT03357471) was a US, multicenter, open-label, phase 3 study designed to assess whether the e-Device can be used safely and effectively by self-injecting patients. CZP pre-filled syringe (PFS) self-injecting patients (≥18 years) diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, axial spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, plaque psoriasis, and Crohn’s disease received training and self-injected CZP using the e-Device at 2 visits. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients able to self-inject safely and effectively at Visit 2, defined as: 1) complete dose delivery, and 2) no adverse events related to the e-Device precluding its continued use. 65/67 patients (97.0%) completed the study, 64/65 (98.5%) performed safe and effective self-injection at Visit 2, and 67/67 (100%) performed safe and effective self-injection at Visit 1. Patient satisfaction and self-confidence increased over the two visits. Overall, patients reported a preference for the e-Device (58/65; 89.2%) compared to a PFS (4/65; 6.2%). Patients were able to safely and effectively self-inject CZP using the e-Device and most preferred ava® over a PFS. No safety-related findings impacting the benefit-risk ratio of CZP were identified.
Prediction with Expert Advice by Following the Perturbed Leader for General Weights
Creators: name: Hutter, Marcus
name: Poland, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6; G.3

description: When applying aggregating strategies to Prediction with Expert Advice, the learning rate must be adaptively tuned. The natural choice of sqrt(complexity/current loss) renders the analysis of Weighted Majority derivatives quite complicated. In particular, for arbitrary weights there have been no results proven so far. The analysis of the alternative "Follow the Perturbed Leader" (FPL) algorithm from Kalai (2003} (based on Hannan's algorithm) is easier. We derive loss bounds for adaptive learning rate and both finite expert classes with uniform weights and countable expert classes with arbitrary weights. For the former setup, our loss bounds match the best known results so far, while for the latter our results are (to our knowledge) new.
description: 16 LaTeX pages
Non-Abelian U-duality for membrane
Creators: name: Sakatani, Yuho
name: Uehara, Shozo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: T-duality of string theory can be extended to the Poisson-Lie T-duality when the target space has a generalized isometry group given by a Drinfel'd double. In M-theory, T-duality is understood as a subgroup of U-duality, but the non-Abelian extension of U-duality is still a mystery. In this paper, we study membrane theory on a curved background with a generalized isometry group given by the $\mathcal{E}_n$ algebra. This provides a natural setup to study non-Abelian U-duality because the $\mathcal{E}_n$ algebra has been proposed as a U-duality extension of the Drinfel'd double. We show that the standard treatment of Abelian U-duality can be extended to the non-Abelian setup. However, a famous issue in Abelian U-duality still exists in the non-Abelian extension.
description: 32 pages; v2: references added, note added, accepted to PTEP