cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Systematic Problems With Using Dark Matter Simulations to Model Stellar Halos
Creators: name: Bailin, Jeremy
name: Bell, Eric F.
name: Valluri, Monica
name: Stinson, Greg S.
name: Debattista, Victor P.
name: Couchman, H. M. P.
name: Wadsley, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The limits of available computing power have forced models for the structure of stellar halos to adopt one or both of the following simplifying assumptions: (1) stellar mass can be "painted" onto dark matter particles in progenitor satellites; (2) pure dark matter simulations that do not form a luminous galaxy can be used. We estimate the magnitude of the systematic errors introduced by these assumptions using a controlled set of stellar halo models where we independently vary whether we look at star particles or painted dark matter particles, and whether we use a simulation in which a baryonic disk galaxy forms or a matching pure dark matter simulation that does not form a baryonic disk. We find that the "painting" simplification reduces the halo concentration and internal structure, predominantly because painted dark matter particles have different kinematics than star particles even when both are buried deep in the potential well of the satellite. The simplification of using pure dark matter simulations reduces the concentration further, but increases the internal structure, and results in a more prolate stellar halo. These differences can be a factor of 1.5-7 in concentration (as measured by the half-mass radius) and 2-7 in internal density structure. Given this level of systematic uncertainty, one should be wary of overinterpreting differences between observations and the current generation of stellar halo models based on dark matter only simulations when such differences are less than an order of magnitude.
description: ApJ, in press
Relative velocities of inertial particles in turbulent aerosols
Creators: name: Gustavsson, K.
name: Mehlig, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the joint distribution of relative velocities and separations of identical inertial particles suspended in randomly mixing and turbulent flows. Our results are obtained by matching asymptotic forms of the distribution. The method takes into account spatial clustering of the suspended particles as well as singularities in their motion (so-called 'caustics'). It thus takes proper account of the fractal properties of phase space and the distribution is characterised in terms of the corresponding phase-space fractal dimension D_2. The method clearly exhibits universal aspects of the distribution (independent of the statistical properties of the flow): at small particle separations R and not too large radial relative speeds |V_R|, the distribution of radial relative velocities exhibits a universal power-law form ρ(V_R,R) \sim |V_R|^{D_2-d-1} provided that D_2 < d+1 (d is the spatial dimension) and that the Stokes number St is large enough for caustics to form. The range in V_R over which this power law is valid depends on R, on the Stokes number, and upon the nature of the flow. Our results are in good agreement with results of computer simulations of the dynamics of particles suspended in random velocity fields with finite correlation times. In the white-noise limit the results are consistent with those of [Gustavsson and Mehlig, Phys. Rev. E84 (2011) 045304].
description: 33 pages, 13 figures, misprints corrected
On Time Variations of Gravitational and Yang-Mills Constants in a Cosmological Model of Superstring Origin
Creators: name: Ivashchuk, V. D.
name: Melnikov, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of 10-dimensional "Friedmann-Calabi-Yau" cosmology of superstring origin we show that the time variation of either Newton's gravitational constant or Yang-Mills one is unavoidable in the present epoch.
description: 8 pages, no figures, Latex, to be published in Gravitation and Cosmology, 2014, Vol. 20, No 1
On the Formation of SMC X-1: the Effect of Mass and Orbital Angular Momentum Loss
Creators: name: Li, Tao
name: Li, X. -D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SMC X-1 is a high-mass X-ray binary with an orbital period of 3.9 days. The mass of the neutron star is as low as $\sim 1 M_{\sun}$, suggesting that it was likely to be formed through an electron-capture supernova rather an iron-core collapse supernova. From the present system configurations, we argue that the orbital period at the supernova was $\lesssim 10$ days. Since the mass transfer process between the neutron star's progenitor and the companion star before the supernova should have increased the orbital period to tens of days, a mechanism with efficient orbit angular momentum loss and relatively small mass loss is required to account for its current orbital period. We have calculated the evolution of the progenitor binary systems from zero-age main-sequence to the pre-supernova stage with different initial parameters and various mass and angular momentum loss mechanisms. Our results show that the outflow from the outer Langrangian point or a circumbinary disk formed during the mass transfer phase may be qualified for this purpose. We point out that these mechanisms may be popular in binary evolution and significantly affect the formation of compact star binaries.
description: 32 pages, 5 figures, 6 tables, accepted by ApJ
IPT2020-Problem 14- Jumping bean (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece)
Creators: name: Andrikopoulos, Christos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: IPT
IPT2020
Jumping Bean

description: IPT2020 Problem 14 Jumping bean: A simple toy called a "jumping bean" can be constructed by putting a metal ball inside of a pill capsule. Placed on an inclined surface at a certain inclination, the jumping bean will tumble down in a rather surprising way, seemingly standing up-right, flipping end to end, instead of rolling. Investigate its motion. Find the dimensions of the fastest and slowest beans for a given inclination
title: Ein Schön lied, von der welt lauff, vnd von dem schweren vnd von denen, die Gott lestern; [ca. 1530]
title: In des Schillers Thon
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Franck, Hermann
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Verf. ermittelt. - Druckort im VD16 Grundwerk fälschlich: Augsburg. - Drucker im VD16 Grundwerk fälschlich: Ramminger, Melchior. - Druckjahr im VD16 Grundwerk fälschlich: 1540
Cloud-based Automatic Speech Recognition Systems for Southeast Asian Languages
Creators: name: Wang, Lei
name: Tong, Rong
name: Leung, Cheung Chi
name: Sivadas, Sunil
name: Ni, Chongjia
name: Ma, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: I.2.7

description: This paper provides an overall introduction of our Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems for Southeast Asian languages. As not much existing work has been carried out on such regional languages, a few difficulties should be addressed before building the systems: limitation on speech and text resources, lack of linguistic knowledge, etc. This work takes Bahasa Indonesia and Thai as examples to illustrate the strategies of collecting various resources required for building ASR systems.
description: Published by the 2017 IEEE International Conference on Orange Technologies (ICOT 2017)
High Temperature Far Infrared Dynamics of Orthorhombic NdMnO3: Emissivity and Reflectivity
Creators: name: Massa, Néstor E.
name: del Campo, Leire
name: Meneses, Domingos De Sousa
name: Echegut, Patrick
name: Martínez-Lope, María Jesús
name: Alonso, José Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on near normal far- and mid-infrared emission and reflectivity of NdMnO3 perovskite from room temperature to sample decomposition above 1800 K. At 300 K the number infrared active phonons is in close agreement with the 25 calculated for the orthorhombic D2h16-Pbnm (Z=4) space group. Their number gradually decreases as we approach the temperature of orbital disorder at ~1023 K where the orthorhombic O' lower temperature cooperative phase coexists with the cubic orthorhombic O. At above ~1200 K, the three infrared active phonons coincide with the expected for cubic Pm-3m (Z=1) in the high temperature insulating regime. Heating samples in dry air triggers double exchange conductivity by Mn3+ and Mn4+ ions and a small polaron mid-infrared band. Fits to the optical conductivity single out the octahedral antisymmetric and symmetric vibrational modes as main phonons in the electron-phonon interactions at 875 K. For 1745 K, it is enough to consider the symmetric stretching internal mode. An overdamped defect induced Drude component is clearly outlined at the highest temperatures. We conclude that Rare Earth manganites eg electrons are prone to spin, charge, orbital, and lattice couplings in an intrinsic orbital distorted perovskite lattice favoring embryonic low energy collective excitations.
description: 32 pages with 5 figures
Dominant role of oxygen vacancies in electrical properties of unannealed LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces
Creators: name: Liu, Z. Q.
name: Sun, L.
name: Huang, Z.
name: Li, C. J.
name: Zeng, S. W.
name: Han, K.
name: Lü, W. M.
name: Venkatesan, T
name: Ariando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report that in unannealed LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) heterostructures the critical thickness for the appearance of the two-dimensional electron gas can be less than 4 unit cell (uc), the interface is conducting even for STO substrates with mixed terminations and the low-temperature resistance upturn in LAO/STO heterostructures with thick LAO layers strongly depends on laser fluence. Our experimental results provide fundamental insights into the different roles played by oxygen vacancies and polarization catastrophe in the two-dimensional electron gas in crystalline LAO/STO heterostructures.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. To be appearing in Journal of Applied Physics
Two spotted and magnetic early B-type stars in the young open cluster NGC2264 discovered by MOST and ESPaDOnS
Creators: name: Fossati, L.
name: Zwintz, K.
name: Castro, N.
name: Langer, N.
name: Lorenz, D.
name: Schneider, F. R. N.
name: Kuschnig, R.
name: Matthews, J. M.
name: Alecian, E.
name: Wade, G. A.
name: Barnes, T. G.
name: Thoul, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Star clusters are known as superb tools for understanding stellar evolution. In a quest for understanding the physical origin of magnetism and chemical peculiarity in about 7% of the massive main-sequence stars, we analysed two of the ten brightest members of the ~10 Myr old Galactic open cluster NGC 2264, the early B-dwarfs HD47887 and HD47777. We find accurate rotation periods of 1.95 and 2.64 days, respectively, from MOST photometry. We obtained ESPaDOnS spectropolarimetric observations, through which we determined stellar parameters, detailed chemical surface abundances, projected rotational velocities, and the inclination angles of the rotation axis. Because we found only small (<5 km/s) radial velocity variations, most likely caused by spots, we can rule out that HD47887 and HD47777 are close binaries. Finally, using the least-squares deconvolution technique, we found that both stars possess a large-scale magnetic field with an average longitudinal field strength of about 400 G. From a simultaneous fit of the stellar parameters we determine the evolutionary masses of HD47887 and HD47777 to be 9.4+/-0.7 M0 and 7.6+/-0.5 M0. Interestingly, HD47777 shows a remarkable helium underabundance, typical of helium-weak chemically peculiar stars, while the abundances of HD47887 are normal, which might imply that diffusion is operating in the lower mass star but not in the slightly more massive one. Furthermore, we argue that the rather slow rotation, as well as the lack of nitrogen enrichment in both stars, can be consistent with both the fossil and the binary hypothesis for the origin of the magnetic field. However, the presence of two magnetic and apparently single stars near the top of the cluster mass-function may speak in favour of the latter.
description: 13 pages, accepted for publication on A&A
Topological Structure of Urban Street Networks from the Perspective of Degree Correlations
Creators: name: Jiang, Bin
name: Duan, Yingying
name: Lu, Feng
name: Yang, Tinghong
name: Zhao, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many complex networks demonstrate a phenomenon of striking degree correlations, i.e., a node tends to link to other nodes with similar (or dissimilar) degrees. From the perspective of degree correlations, this paper attempts to characterize topological structures of urban street networks. We adopted six urban street networks (three European and three North American), and converted them into network topologies in which nodes and edges respectively represent individual streets and street intersections, and compared the network topologies to three reference network topologies (biological, technological, and social). The urban street network topologies (with the exception of Manhattan) showed a consistent pattern that distinctly differs from the three reference networks. The topologies of urban street networks lack striking degree correlations in general. Through reshuffling the network topologies towards for example maximum or minimum degree correlations while retaining the initial degree distributions, we found that all the surrogate topologies of the urban street networks, as well as the reference ones, tended to deviate from small world properties. This implies that the initial degree correlations do not have any positive or negative effect on the networks' performance or functions. Keywords: Scale free, small world, rewiring, rich club effect, reshuffle, and complex networks
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, and 3 tables
Scaling laws for near barrier Coulomb and Nuclear Breakup
Creators: name: Hussein, M. S.
name: Gomes, P. R. S.
name: Lubian, J.
name: Otomar, D. R.
name: Canto, L. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the nuclear and the Coulomb contributions to the breakup cross sections of $^6$Li in collisions with targets in different mass ranges. Comparing cross sections for different targets at collision energies corresponding to the same $E/V_{\mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle B}}$, we obtain interesting scaling laws. First, we derive an approximate linear expression for the nuclear breakup cross section as a function of $A_{\mathrm{% \scriptscriptstyle T}}^{1/3}$. We then confirm the validity of this expression performing CDCC calculations. Scaling laws for the Coulomb breakup cross section are also investigated. In this case, our CDCC calculations indicate that this cross section has a linear dependence on the atomic number of the target. This behavior is explained by qualitative arguments. Our findings, which are consistent with previously obtained results for higher energies, are important when planning for experiments involving exotic weakly bound nuclei.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures Submitted to Physical Review C
IPT2020-Problem 12- Resonating Glasses (V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Ukraine)
Creators: name: Dmytro, Chepel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: IPT
IPT2020
Resonating Glasses

description: IPT 2020 Problem 12 Resonating Glasses: When you take two glasses between your fingers, they sometimes emit a particular sound containing a frequency sweep. Investigate the phenomenon.
Core-crust transition pressure for relativistic slowly rotating neutron stars
Creators: name: González-Romero, L. M.
name: Blázquez-Salcedo, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of core-\textit{crust} transition pressure changes on the general dynamical properties of neutron star configurations. First we study the matching conditions in core-\textit{crust} transition pressure region, where phase transitions in the equation of state causes energy density jumps. Then using a surface \textit{crust} approximation, we can construct configurations where the matter is described by the equation of state of the core of the star and the core-\textit{crust} transition pressure. We will consider neutron stars in the slow rotation limit, considering perturbation theory up to second order in the angular velocity so that the deformation of the star is also taken into account. The junction determines the parameters of the star such as total mass, angular and quadrupolar momentum.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
IPT2020-Problem 11- Flat Fog (University of Ljubljana, Slovenia)
Creators: name: Školč, Luka
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: IPT
IPT2020
Flat fog

description: IPT2020 Problem 11 Flat fog: After pouring liquid nitrogen into a mug, you will notice that the mug starts to cast a mist. The mist's border is a clearly marked thin plane at a certain height from the mug. Investigate the phenomenon.
RG flows of Quantum Einstein Gravity on maximally symmetric spaces
Creators: name: Demmel, Maximilian
name: Saueressig, Frank
name: Zanusso, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Wetterich-equation to study the renormalization group flow of $f(R)$-gravity in a three-dimensional, conformally reduced setting. Building on the exact heat kernel for maximally symmetric spaces, we obtain a partial differential equation which captures the scale-dependence of $f(R)$ for positive and, for the first time, negative scalar curvature. The effects of different background topologies are studied in detail and it is shown that they affect the gravitational RG flow in a way that is not visible in finite-dimensional truncations. Thus, while featuring local background independence, the functional renormalization group equation is sensitive to the topological properties of the background. The detailed analytical and numerical analysis of the partial differential equation reveals two globally well-defined fixed functionals with at most a finite number of relevant deformations. Their properties are remarkably similar to two of the fixed points identified within the $R^2$-truncation of full Quantum Einstein Gravity. As a byproduct, we obtain a nice illustration of how the functional renormalization group realizes the "integrating out" of fluctuation modes on the three-sphere.
description: 35 pages, 6 figures
Pronunciation Modeling of Foreign Words for Mandarin ASR by Considering the Effect of Language Transfer
Creators: name: Wang, Lei
name: Tong, Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: I.2.7

description: One of the challenges in automatic speech recognition is foreign words recognition. It is observed that a speaker's pronunciation of a foreign word is influenced by his native language knowledge, and such phenomenon is known as the effect of language transfer. This paper focuses on examining the phonetic effect of language transfer in automatic speech recognition. A set of lexical rules is proposed to convert an English word into Mandarin phonetic representation. In this way, a Mandarin lexicon can be augmented by including English words. Hence, the Mandarin ASR system becomes capable to recognize English words without retraining or re-estimation of the acoustic model parameters. Using the lexicon that derived from the proposed rules, the ASR performance of Mandarin English mixed speech is improved without harming the accuracy of Mandarin only speech. The proposed lexical rules are generalized and they can be directly applied to unseen English words.
description: Published by INTERSPEECH 2014
Two-node queueing network with a heavy-tailed random input: the strong stability case
Creators: name: Foss, Sergey
name: Miyazawa, Masakiyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a two-node fluid network with batch arrivals of random size having a heavy-tailed distribution. We are interested in the tail asymptotics for the stationary distribution of a two-dimensional queue-length process. The tail asymptotics have been well studied for two-dimensional reflecting processes where jumps have either a bounded or an unbounded light-tailed distribution. However, presence of heavy tails totally changes the asymptotics. Here we focus on the case of strong stability where both nodes release fluid with sufficiently high speeds to minimise their mutual influence. We show that, like in the one-dimensional case, big jumps provide the main cause for queues to become large, but now they may have multi-dimensional features. For deriving these results, we develop an analytic approach that differs from the traditional tail asymptotic studies, and obtain various weak tail equivalences. Then, in the case of one-dimensional subexponential jump-size distributions, we find the exact asymptotics based on the sample-path arguments.
description: 14 pages
HOTS dan Integrasi Nilai-nilai Keislaman dalam Pembelajaran Fisika
Creators: name: Sofianto, Eko Wahyu Nur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: HOTS dan Integrasi Islam dan Sains

description: Bagaimana soal HOTS mulai digunakan dalam pembelajaran di Indonesia dan integrasinya dalam sains dan islam.
IPT2020-Problem 9 - Optical compass (University of Campinas, Brazil)
Creators: name: Volpato, Maria Carolina
name: Christovam, Denise
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: IPT
IPT2020
Optical Compass

description: IPT2020 Problem 9 Optical compass: Bees locate themselves in space using their eyes’ sensitivity to light polarization. Design an inexpensive optical compass using polarization effects to obtain the best accuracy. How would the presence of clouds in the sky change this accuracy?
Magnetic fluctuations and spin freezing in nonsuperconducting LiFeAs derivatives
Creators: name: Wright, J. D.
name: Pitcher, M. J.
name: Trevelyan-Thomas, W.
name: Lancaster, T.
name: Baker, P. J.
name: Pratt, F. L.
name: Clarke, S. J.
name: Blundell, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present detailed magnetometry and muon-spin rotation data on polycrystalline samples of overdoped, non-superconducting LiFe$_{1-x}$Ni$_x$As ($x = 0.1,\,0.2$) and Li$_{1-y}$Fe$_{1+y}$As ($0\leq y\leq 0.04$) as well as superconducting LiFeAs. While LiFe$_{1-x}$Ni$_x$As exhibits weak antiferromagnetic fluctuations down to $1.5\,{\rm K}$, Li$_{1-y}$Fe$_{1+y}$As samples, which have a much smaller deviation from the $1:1:1$ stoichiometry, show a crossover from ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic fluctuations on cooling and a freezing of dynamically fluctuating moments at low temperatures. We do not find any signatures of time-reversal symmetry breaking in stoichiometric LiFeAs that would support recent predictions of triplet pairing.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Kenali HOTs dan Hubungannya dengan Scientific Reasoning Skills
Creators: name: Irawati, Ratna Kartika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Higher Order Thinking Skills; Scientific Reasoning; Correlation

description: Materi ini menjelaskan tentang hubungan antara Higher Order Thinking Skills dan Scientific Reasoning yang dipresentasikan dalam kegiatan Kajian Ilmiah oleh Himpunan Mahasiswa Jurusan Tadris Kimia UIN Antasari Banjarmasin
IPT2020-Problem 8- Rippled Water Columns (University of Campinas, Brazil)
Creators: name: Vulto, Anderson
name: Campos, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: IPT
IPT2020
Rippled Water Columns

description: IPT2020 Problem 8 Rippled water columns: When a vertical water jet hits a surface, ripples may appear. If certain conditions are met, the ripple structure is pronounced, steady and very reproducible. Describe the phenomenon. What properties of the fluid and the flow can be deduced from the observations?
The $(1+(λ,λ))$ Global SEMO Algorithm
Creators: name: Doerr, Benjamin
name: Hadri, Omar El
name: Pinard, Adrien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The $(1+(λ,λ))$ genetic algorithm is a recently proposed single-objective evolutionary algorithm with several interesting properties. We show that its main working principle, mutation with a high rate and crossover as repair mechanism, can be transported also to multi-objective evolutionary computation. We define the $(1+(λ,λ))$ global SEMO algorithm, a variant of the classic global SEMO algorithm, and prove that it optimizes the OneMinMax benchmark asymptotically faster than the global SEMO. Following the single-objective example, we design a one-fifth rule inspired dynamic parameter setting (to the best of our knowledge for the first time in discrete multi-objective optimization) and prove that it further improves the runtime to $O(n^2)$, whereas the best runtime guarantee for the global SEMO is only $O(n^2 \log n)$.
description: Author generated version of a paper at GECCO 2022
Near-field radiative transfer between two unequal sized spheres with large size disparities
Creators: name: Sasihithlu, Karthik
name: Narayanaswamy, Arvind
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Optics
Physics

description: We compute near-field radiative transfer between two spheres of unequal radii R1 and R2 such that R2 ≲ 40R1. For R2 = 40R1, the smallest gap to which we have been able to compute radiative transfer is d = 0.016R1. To accomplish these computations, we have had to modify existing methods for computing near-field radiative transfer between two spheres in the following ways: (1) exact calculations of coefficients of vector translation theorem are replaced by approximations valid for the limit d ≪ R1, and (2) recursion relations for a normalized form of translation coefficients are derived which enable us to replace computations of spherical Bessel and Hankel functions by computations of ratios of spherical Bessel or spherical Hankel functions. The results are then compared with the predictions of the modified proximity approximation.
Exploratory X-ray Monitoring of Luminous Radio-Quiet Quasars at High Redshift: Initial Results
Creators: name: Shemmer, Ohad
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Paolillo, Maurizio
name: Kaspi, Shai
name: Vignali, Cristian
name: Stein, Matthew S.
name: Lira, Paulina
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Gibson, Robert R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present initial results from an exploratory X-ray monitoring project of two groups of comparably luminous radio-quiet quasars (RQQs). The first consists of four sources at 4.10 <= z <= 4.35, monitored by Chandra, and the second is a comparison sample of three sources at 1.33 <= z <= 2.74, monitored by Swift. Together with archival X-ray data, the total rest-frame temporal baseline spans ~2-4 yr and ~5-13 yr for the first and second group, respectively. Six of these sources show significant X-ray variability over rest-frame timescales of ~10^2 - 10^3 d; three of these also show significant X-ray variability on rest-frame timescales of ~1-10 d. The X-ray variability properties of our variable sources are similar to those exhibited by nearby and far less luminous active galactic nuclei (AGNs). While we do not directly detect a trend of increasing X-ray variability with redshift, we do confirm previous reports of luminous AGNs exhibiting X-ray variability above that expected from their luminosities, based on simplistic extrapolation from lower luminosity sources. This result may be attributed to luminous sources at the highest redshifts having relatively high accretion rates. Complementary UV-optical monitoring of our sources shows that variations in their optical-X-ray spectral energy distribution are dominated by the X-ray variations. We confirm previous reports of X-ray spectral variations in one of our sources, HS 1700+6416, but do not detect such variations in any of our other sources in spite of X-ray flux variations of up to a factor of ~4. This project is designed to provide a basic assessment of the X-ray variability properties of RQQs at the highest accessible redshifts that will serve as a benchmark for more systematic monitoring of such sources with future X-ray missions.
description: 18 pages (emulateapj), 8 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Efficient Computation of Map-scale Continuous Mutual Information on Chip in Real Time
Creators: name: Gupta, Keshav
name: Li, Peter Zhi Xuan
name: Karaman, Sertac
name: Sze, Vivienne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Exploration tasks are essential to many emerging robotics applications, ranging from search and rescue to space exploration. The planning problem for exploration requires determining the best locations for future measurements that will enhance the fidelity of the map, for example, by reducing its total entropy. A widely-studied technique involves computing the Mutual Information (MI) between the current map and future measurements, and utilizing this MI metric to decide the locations for future measurements. However, computing MI for reasonably-sized maps is slow and power hungry, which has been a bottleneck towards fast and efficient robotic exploration. In this paper, we introduce a new hardware accelerator architecture for MI computation that features a low-latency, energy-efficient MI compute core and an optimized memory subsystem that provides sufficient bandwidth to keep the cores fully utilized. The core employs interleaving to counter the recursive algorithm, and workload balancing and numerical approximations to reduce latency and energy consumption. We demonstrate this optimized architecture with a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation, which can compute MI for all cells in an entire 201-by-201 occupancy grid ({\em e.g.}, representing a 20.1m-by-20.1m map at 0.1m resolution) in 1.55 ms while consuming 1.7 mJ of energy, thus finally rendering MI computation for the whole map real time and at a fraction of the energy cost of traditional compute platforms. For comparison, this particular FPGA implementation running on the Xilinx Zynq-7000 platform is two orders of magnitude faster and consumes three orders of magnitude less energy per MI map compute, when compared to a baseline GPU implementation running on an NVIDIA GeForce GTX 980 platform. The improvements are more pronounced when compared to CPU implementations of equivalent algorithms.
IPT2020-Problem 8- Rippled Water Columns (IFUSP, Brazil)
Creators: name: Mercucci, Mariana
name: Diaz, Vitória
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: IPT
IPT2020
Rippled Water Columns

description: IPT2020 Problem 8 Rippled Water Columns: When a vertical water jet hits a surface, ripples may appear. If certain conditions are met, the ripple structure is pronounced, steady and very reproducible. Describe the phenomenon. What properties of the fluid and the flow can be deduced from the observations?
IPT2020-Problem 3-Paper Tube (University of Ljubljana,Slovenia)
Creators: name: Ivanov, Aleksandar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: IPT
IPT2020
Paper Tube

description: IPT2020 Problem 3 Paper Tube Roll a long paper strip into a tight tube and put it vertically on a table. Why does it often unwind in jerks? What determines the period of the jerks?
HITS-CLIP and Integrative Modeling Define the Rbfox Splicing-Regulatory Network Linked to Brain Development and Autism
Creators: name: Weyn-Vanhentenryck, Sabastien Matthieu
name: Mele, Aldo
name: Yan, Qinghong
name: Sun, Shuying
name: Xue, Chenghai
name: Farny, Natalie
name: Zhang, Zuo
name: Silver, Pamela A.
name: Herre, Margaret
name: Zhang, Michael Q.
name: Krainer, Adrian R.
name: Darnell, Robert B.
name: Zhang, Chaolin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The RNA binding proteins Rbfox1/2/3 regulate alternative splicing in the nervous system, and disruption of Rbfox1 has been implicated in autism. However, comprehensive identification of functional Rbfox targets has been challenging. Here, we perform HITS-CLIP for all three Rbfox family members in order to globally map, at a single-nucleotide resolution, their in vivo RNA interaction sites in the mouse brain. We find that the two guanines in the Rbfox binding motif UGCAUG are critical for protein-RNA interactions and crosslinking. Using integrative modeling, these interaction sites, combined with additional datasets, define 1,059 direct Rbfox target alternative splicing events. Over half of the quantifiable targets show dynamic changes during brain development. Of particular interest are 111 events from 48 candidate autism-susceptibility genes, including syndromic autism genes Shank3, Cacna1c, and Tsc2. Alteration of Rbfox targets in some autistic brains is correlated with downregulation of all three Rbfox proteins, supporting the potential clinical relevance of the splicing-regulatory network.
Problem Solving Ability of First Year High School Students in Mathematics as Affected by Cognitive Development Levels and Teaching Strategies
Creators: name: Jimenez, Edward
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Problem Solving Ability, Mathematics, Cognitive Development, Teaching Strategies

description: Improving problem solving abilities among students remain to be a challenge among teachers and students. This study aimed to identify problem solving ability of first year students as affected by cognitive development levels and teaching strategies of first year high school students in Mathematics I. The study utilized descriptive and experimental methods. A total of 150 students from three classes in a public secondary school in Central Luzon, Philippines were included. Tools were validated questionnaires to measure problem solving abilities and cognitive development levels. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation, T-Test, ANOVA, and Regression Analysis. Results showed that the cognitive level of development of the students are satisfactory across all domains (X=2.81). Discovery, Exposition, and Traditional Methods of Teaching were found to significantly improve the problem solving ability of the students with a p-value of 0.000 in each group. All groups have no significant difference in performance which may imply that no teaching method is better than the other. Lastly, cognitive domains of the students in knowledge, comprehension, application and evaluation were found to be significant determinants of students’ problem solving ability. The study results can be a springboard to improve problem solving abilities of high school students. Cognitive development could be considered as a basis for grouping high school students in all curriculum levels and can be evaluated by future researchers for effectiveness.
description: {"references": ["ISSN: 2704-3010"]}
Primary mucin-producing urothelial-type adenocarcinoma of the prostatic urethra diagnosed on TURP: a case report and review of literature
Creators: name: Sebesta, Elisabeth M.
name: Mirheydar, Hossein S.
name: Parsons, J. Kellogg
name: Wang-Rodriguez, Jessica
name: Kader, A. Karim
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Surgery
Oncology

description: Mucin-producing urothelial-type adenocarcinoma of the prostatic urethra is extremely rare. These lesions must be differentiated from other mucinous tumors including mucin-producing prostatic adenocarcinoma and metastases from either colonic or bladder primaries.
We report here a case of urothelial-type adenocarcinoma arising from the prostatic urethra. The patient is an 81 year-old man with a history of pT1 urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder status post trans-urethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) who initially presented with irritative lower urinary tract symptoms and mucosuria refractory to Flomax and finasteride. A shared decision was made for the patient to undergo trans-urethral resection of prostate (TURP). At the time of surgery, a papillary tumor emanating from the prostatic urethra was found and no urothelial lesions were noted in the bladder. Pathology of the resected prostatic chips revealed an invasive adenocarcinoma with intestinal-type differentiation that stained positive for CK7, CK20, and villin, but negative for PSA, PSAP, uroplakin, and CDX-2. Colonoscopy was normal and CT scan did not show any evidence of colonic lesions nor visceral or lymph node metastases. Thus, the patient was diagnosed with a primary urothelial-type adenocarcinoma of the prostatic urethra.
Herein we review the literature regarding this unusual entity, and discuss the differential diagnosis, immunohistochemistry, and the importance of correctly identifying this rare tumor.
Using MathML to Represent Units of Measurement for Improved Ontology Alignment
Creators: name: Do, Chau
name: Pauwels, Eric J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ontologies provide a formal description of concepts and their relationships in a knowledge domain. The goal of ontology alignment is to identify semantically matching concepts and relationships across independently developed ontologies that purport to describe the same knowledge. In order to handle the widest possible class of ontologies, many alignment algorithms rely on terminological and structural meth- ods, but the often fuzzy nature of concepts complicates the matching process. However, one area that should provide clear matching solutions due to its mathematical nature, is units of measurement. Several on- tologies for units of measurement are available, but there has been no attempt to align them, notwithstanding the obvious importance for tech- nical interoperability. We propose a general strategy to map these (and similar) ontologies by introducing MathML to accurately capture the semantic description of concepts specified therein. We provide mapping results for three ontologies, and show that our approach improves on lexical comparisons.
description: Conferences on Intelligent Computer Mathematics (CICM 2013), Bath, England
Book Piracy As Peer Preservation
Creators: name: Tenen, Dennis
name: Foxman, Maxwell Henry
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Information science
Library science
Communication

description: In describing the people, books, and technologies behind one of the largest “shadow” libraries in the world, we find a tension between the dynamics of sharing and preservation. The paper proceeds to contextualize contemporary book piracy historically, challenging accepted theories of peer production. Through a close analysis of one digital library’s system architecture, software and community, we assert that the activities cultivated by its members are closer to that of conservationists of the public libraries movement, with the goal of preserving rather than mass distributing their collected material. Unlike common peer production models emphasis is placed on the expertise of its members as digital preservations, as well as the absorption of digital repositories. Additionally, we highlight issues that arise from their particular form of distributed architecture and community.
IPT2020-Problem 3-Paper Tube (Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia)
Creators: name: Carvajal, Juan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: IPT
IPT2020
Paper Tube

description: IPT2020 Problem 3 Paper Tube: Roll a long paper strip into a tight tube and put it vertically on a table. Why does it often unwind in jerks? What determines the period of the jerks?
Neighborhood Analyses Of Canopy Tree Competition Along Environmental Gradients In New England Forests
Creators: name: Canham, Charles D.
name: Papaik, Michael J.
name: Uriarte, Maria
name: McWilliams, William H.
name: Jenkins, Jennifer C.
name: Twery, Mark J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We use permanent-plot data from the USDA Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program for an analysis of the effects of competition on tree growth along environmental gradients for the 14 most abundant tree species in forests of northern New England, USA. Our analysis estimates actual growth for each individual tree of a given species as a function of average potential diameter growth modified by three sets of scalars that quantify the effects on growth of (1) initial target tree size (dbh), (2) local environmental conditions, and (3) crowding by neighboring trees. Potential growth of seven of the 14 species varied along at least one of the two environmental axes identified by an ordination of relative abundance of species in plots. The relative abundances of a number of species were significantly displaced from sites where they showed maximum potential growth. In all of these cases, abundance was displaced to the more resource-poor end of the environmental gradient (either low fertility or low moisture). The pattern was most pronounced among early successional species, whereas late-successional species reached their greatest abundance on sites where they also showed the highest growth in the absence of competition. The analysis also provides empirical estimates of the strength of intraspecific and interspecific competitive effects of neighbors. For all but one of the species, our results led us to reject the hypothesis that all species of competitors have equivalent effects on a target species. Most of the individual pairwise interactions were strongly asymmetric. There was a clear competitive hierarchy among the four most shade-tolerant species, and a separate competitive hierarchy among the shade-intolerant species. Our results suggest that timber yield following selective logging will vary dramatically depending on the configuration of the residual canopy, because of interspecific variation in the magnitude of both the competitive effects of different species of neighbors and the competitive responses of different species of target trees to neighbors. The matrix of competition coefficients suggests that there may be clear benefits in managing for specific mixtures of species within local neighborhoods within stands.
IPT2020-Problem 2-Precious Energy (University of Ljubjana, Slovenia)
Creators: name: Školč, Luka
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: IPT
IPT2020
Precious Energy

description: IPT 2020 Problem 2 Precious Energy: Shaking a bottle of carbonated liquid (soda, beer, champagne etc.) before opening it will lead to a fountain of liquid coming out. Design and optimize a setup to extract electrical energy from opening such a bottle.
Mengenal Karya Tulis Ilmiah
Creators: name: Irawati, Ratna Kartika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: karya tulis ilmiah; metode kualitatif; metode kuantitatif

description: Materi ini tentang pengenalan karya tulis ilmiah dan bagaimana cara menulis karya tulis ilmiah beserta metode penelitian yang digunakan. Materi ini disampaikan pada kegiatan Workshop Karya Tulis Ilmiah yang diselenggarakan oleh Himpunan Mahasiswa Jurusan Tadris Kimia UIN Antasari Banjarmasin
Global existence for diffusion-electromigration systems in space dimension three and higher
Creators: name: Bothe, Dieter
name: Fischer, André
name: Pierre, Michel
name: Rolland, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K51, 35K57, 35D30, 35Q92

description: We prove existence of global weak solutions for the Nernst-Planck-Poisson problem which describes the evolution of concentrations of charged species $X_1, ..., X_P$ subject to Fickian diffusion and chemical reactions in the presence of an electrical field, including in particular the Boltzmann statistics case. In contrast to the existing literature, existence is proved in any dimension. Moreover, we do not need the assumption $P = 2$ nor the assumption of equal diffusivities for all $P$ components. Our approach relies on the intrinsic energy structure and on an adequate nonlinear and curiously more regular approximate problem. The delicate passing to the limit is done in adequate functional spaces which lead to only weak solutions.
Determining Factors for the Accuracy of DMRG in Chemistry
Creators: name: Keller, Sebastian F.
name: Reiher, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) algorithm has been a rising star for the accurate ab initio exploration of Born-Oppenheimer potential energy surfaces in theoretical chemistry. However, owing to its iterative numerical nature, pit falls, that can affect the accuracy of DMRG energies, need to be circumvented. Here, after a brief introduction into this quantum chemical method, we discuss criteria that determine the accuracy of DMRG calculations.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
To tree or not to tree? Assessing the impact of smoothing the decision boundaries
Creators: name: Mérida, Anthea
name: Kalogeratos, Argyris
name: Mougeot, Mathilde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When analyzing a dataset, it can be useful to assess how smooth the decision boundaries need to be for a model to better fit the data. This paper addresses this question by proposing the quantification of how much should the 'rigid' decision boundaries, produced by an algorithm that naturally finds such solutions, be relaxed to obtain a performance improvement. The approach we propose starts with the rigid decision boundaries of a seed Decision Tree (seed DT), which is used to initialize a Neural DT (NDT). The initial boundaries are challenged by relaxing them progressively through training the NDT. During this process, we measure the NDT's performance and decision agreement to its seed DT. We show how these two measures can help the user in figuring out how expressive his model should be, before exploring it further via model selection. The validity of our approach is demonstrated with experiments on simulated and benchmark datasets.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2006.11458