cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Retrospective Approximation for Smooth Stochastic Optimization
Creators: name: Newton, David T
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Optimisation

description: Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is a widely-used iterative algorithm for solving stochastic optimization problems for a smooth (and possibly non-convex) objective function via queries from a first-order stochastic oracle. In this dissertation, we critically examine SGD's choice of executing a single step as opposed to multiple steps between subsample updates. Our investigation leads naturally to generalizing SG into Retrospective Approximation (RA) where, during each iteration, a deterministic solver executes possibly multiple steps on a subsampled deterministic problem and stops when further solving is deemed unnecessary from the standpoint of statistical efficiency. RA thus leverages what is appealing for implementation -- during each iteration, a solver, e.g., L-BFGS with backtracking line search is used, as is, and the subsampled objected function is solved only to the extent necessary. We develop a complete theory using relative error of the observed gradients as the principal object, demonstrating that almost sure and L1 consistency of RA are preserved under especially weak conditions when sample sizes are increased at appropriate rates. We also characterize the iteration and oracle complexity (for linear and sub-linear solvers) of RA, and identify two practical termination criteria, one of which we show leads to optimal complexity rates. The message from extensive numerical experiments is that the ability of RA to incorporate existing second-order deterministic solvers in a strategic manner is useful both in terms of algorithmic trajectory as well as from the standpoint of dispensing with hyper-parameter tuning.
A strong polarized relation
Creators: name: Garti, Shimon
name: Shelah, Saharon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E

description: We prove the consistency of a strong polarized relation for a cardinal and its successor, using pcf and forcing
description: 14 pages
No atypical white-matter structures in grapheme- or color-sensitive areas in synesthetes
Creators: name: Weiss, Franziska
name: Greenlee, Mark W.
name: Volberg, Gregor
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: synesthesia, grapheme, cross-activation theory, DTI
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Grapheme-color synesthetes experience colors when presented with written language characters. In this study diffusion-weighted imaging was used to investigate white matter alterations in color-and grapheme-processing brain areas in synesthetes as a possible factor for the color sensations. Regions of interest were defined by means of neuroanatomical atlantes, functional localizer tasks and retinotopic mapping. None of the regions showed differences in white matter structure between synesthetes and a control population, as revealed by fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity measures. Quite the contrary, the data broadly supported the null hypothesis of no group differences in white matter microstructure. This finding is in line with recent studies suggesting no atypical neuroanatomy in grapheme-color synesthetes.,
Anaerobic microorganisms in astrobiological analogue environments: from field site to culture collection
Creators: name: Cockell, C. S.
name: Schwendner, P.
name: Perras, A.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: anaerobic samples, analogues, extremophiles, isolation, Mars, model organisms
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Astrobiology seeks to understand the limits of life and to determine the physiology of organisms in order to better assess the habitability of other worlds. To successfully achieve these goals we require microorganisms from environments on Earth that approximate to extraterrestrial environments in terms of physical and/or chemical conditions. The most challenging of these environments with respect to sample collection, isolation and cultivation of microorganisms are anoxic environments. In this paper, an approach to this challenge was implemented within the European Union's MASE (Mars Analogues for Space Exploration) project. In this review paper, we aim to provide a set of methods for future field work and sampling campaigns. A number of anoxic environment based on characteristics that make them analogous to past and present locations on Mars were selected. They included anoxic sulphur-rich springs (Germany), the salt-rich Boulby Mine (UK), a lake in a basaltic context (Iceland), acidic sediments in the Rio Tinto (Spain), glacier samples (Austria) and permafrost samples (Russia and Canada). Samples were collected under strict anoxic conditions to be used for cultivation and genomic community analysis. Using the samples, a culturing approach was implemented to enrich anaerobic organisms using a defined medium that would allow for organisms to be grown under identical conditions in future physiological comparisons. Anaerobic microorganisms were isolated and deposited with the DSMZ (Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH) culture collection to make them available to other scientists. In MASE, the selected organisms are studied with respect to survival and growth under Mars relevant stresses. They are artificially fossilized and the resulting biosignatures studied and used to investigate the efficacy of life detection instrumentation for planetary missions. Some of the organisms belong to genera with medical and environmental importance such as Yersinia spp., illustrating how astrobiology field research can be used to increase the availability of microbial isolates for applied terrestrial purposes.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
Solving condensed-matter ground-state problems by semidefinite relaxations
Creators: name: Barthel, Thomas
name: Hübener, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new generic approach to the condensed-matter ground-state problem which is complementary to variational techniques and works directly in the thermodynamic limit. Relaxing the ground-state problem, we obtain semidefinite programs (SDP). These can be solved efficiently, yielding strict lower bounds to the ground-state energy and approximations to the few-particle Green's functions. As the method is applicable for all particle statistics, it represents in particular a novel route for the study of strongly correlated fermionic and frustrated spin systems in D>1 spatial dimensions. It is demonstrated for the XXZ model and the Hubbard model of spinless fermions. The results are compared against exact solutions, quantum Monte Carlo, and Anderson bounds, showing the competitiveness of the SDP method.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures; original title "Approaching condensed matter ground states from below"; improved numerics, added references; published version, including appendices
Sexual motivation is reflected by stimulus-dependent motor cortex excitability
Creators: name: Schecklmann, Martin
name: Engelhardt, Kristina
name: Konzok, Julian
name: Rupprecht, Rainer
name: Greenlee, Mark W.
name: Mokros, Andreas
name: Langguth, Berthold
name: Poeppl, Timm B.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: sexual motivation, cortical excitability, transcranial magnetic stimulation, motor evoked potentials
subject: 150 Psychologie
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Sexual behavior involves motivational processes. Findings from both animal models and neuroimaging in humans suggest that the recruitment of neural motor networks is an integral part of the sexual response. However, no study so far has directly linked sexual motivation to physiologically measurable changes in cerebral motor systems in humans. Using transcranial magnetic stimulation in hetero- and homosexual men, we here show that sexual motivation modulates cortical excitability. More specifically, our results demonstrate that visual sexual stimuli corresponding with one’s sexual orientation, compared with non-corresponding visual sexual stimuli, increase the excitability of the motor cortex. The reflection of sexual motivation in motor cortex excitability provides evidence for motor preparation processes in sexual behavior in humans. Moreover, such interrelationship links theoretical models and previous neuroimaging findings of sexual behavior.
Reinforcement Learning Platform for Adversarial Black-box Attacks with Custom Distortion Filters
Creators: name: Sarkar, Soumyendu
name: Babu, Ashwin Ramesh
name: Mousavi, Sajad
name: Gundecha, Vineet
name: Ghorbanpour, Sahand
name: Naug, Avisek
name: Gutierrez, Ricardo Luna
name: Guillen, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a Reinforcement Learning Platform for Adversarial Black-box untargeted and targeted attacks, RLAB, that allows users to select from various distortion filters to create adversarial examples. The platform uses a Reinforcement Learning agent to add minimum distortion to input images while still causing misclassification by the target model. The agent uses a novel dual-action method to explore the input image at each step to identify sensitive regions for adding distortions while removing noises that have less impact on the target model. This dual action leads to faster and more efficient convergence of the attack. The platform can also be used to measure the robustness of image classification models against specific distortion types. Also, retraining the model with adversarial samples significantly improved robustness when evaluated on benchmark datasets. The proposed platform outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of the average number of queries required to cause misclassification. This advances trustworthiness with a positive social impact.
description: Accepted at the 2025 AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence Proceedings
Realizability of Polytopes as a Low Rank Matrix Completion Problem
Creators: name: Dobbins, Michael Gene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This article gives necessary and sufficient conditions for a relation to be the containment relation between the facets and vertices of a polytope. Also given here, are a set of matrices parameterizing the linear moduli space and another set parameterizing the projective moduli space of a combinatorial polytope.
MPEC 2023-H255 : 2023 HF7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 HF7

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
MPEC 2023-H256 : 2023 HG7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 HG7

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A spatial and temporal analysis of neighborhood air quality in downtown Vancouver
Creators: name: Wang, Annie Yi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Rapid urban densification and an enhanced understanding of the health consequences of intra-urban air pollution exposure variability has led to a need for accurate estimation of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) exposures, including temporal and spatial variability. To address this goal, a wireless real-time air pollution monitor was evaluated and the effect of street canyon geometry on TRAP levels was assessed. The AQMesh wireless monitor (with sensors for CO, NO, NO₂, O₃ and SO₂)—was evaluated in a co-location study with regulatory air quality monitoring stations in London, England and Vancouver, Canada. The amount of variability (R²) explained by AQMesh sensors (algorithm version 3.0) ranged from 0.02% to 34.5% in Vancouver and 1.5% to 82.3% in London. Sensors for NO₂ and O₃ displayed the highest accuracy while the CO sensor accuracy was much weaker. AQMesh, as examined in this co-location, was not sufficiently robust for use in regulatory applications. A simple GIS-based model for the identification of potential street canyons where TRAP levels may be elevated was created using 3D building information, aspect ratio and the prevailing wind direction. The model was evaluated in a mobile monitoring campaign in which particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) and particle number concentration (PNC) were measured along 4 road segments: canyon high traffic (C HT), canyon low traffic (C LT), non-canyon high-traffic (NC HT) and non-canyon low traffic (NC LT). A linear mixed effects model found the effect estimates for C LT (i.e. the effect of canyon) to be 8% higher for PM2.5 and 17% higher for PNC when compared to the reference road segment category, NC LT. In comparison, the effect estimates for NC HT (i.e. the effect of traffic) was 16% higher for PM2.5 and 34% higher for PNC when compared to NC LT. This research suggests that the impact of traffic may be greater than the impact of street canyons in determining TRAP exposures.
Association between brain structure and phenotypic characteristics in pedophilia
Creators: name: Poeppl, Timm B.
name: Nitschke, Joachim
name: Santtila, Pekka
name: Schecklmann, Martin
name: Langguth, Berthold
name: Greenlee, Mark W.
name: Osterheider, Michael
name: Mokros, Andreas
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Pedophilia, Voxel-based morphometry, Amygdala, Insula, Prefrontal cortex, Angular gyrus
subject: 150 Psychologie
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Studies applying structural neuroimaging to pedophiles are scarce and have shown conflicting results. Although first findings suggested reduced volume of the amygdala, pronounced gray matter decreases in frontal regions were observed in another group of pedophilic offenders. When compared to non-sexual offenders instead of community controls, pedophiles revealed deficiencies in white matter only. The present study sought to test the hypotheses of structurally compromised prefrontal and limbic networks and whether structural brain abnormalities are related to phenotypic characteristics in pedophiles. We compared gray matter volume of male pedophilic offenders and non-sexual offenders from high-security forensic hospitals using voxel-based morphometry in cross-sectional and correlational whole-brain analyses. The significance threshold was set to p < .05, corrected for multiple comparisons. Compared to controls, pedophiles exhibited a volume reduction of the right amygdala (small volume corrected). Within the pedophilic group, pedosexual interest and sexual recidivism were correlated with gray matter decrease in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (r = −.64) and insular cortex (r = −.45). Lower age of victims was strongly associated with gray matter reductions in the orbitofrontal cortex (r = .98) and angular gyri bilaterally (r = .70 and r = .93). Our findings of specifically impaired neural networks being related to certain phenotypic characteristics might account for the heterogeneous results in previous neuroimaging studies of pedophilia. The neuroanatomical abnormalities in pedophilia seem to be of a dimensional rather than a categorical nature, supporting the notion of a multifaceted disorder.
Lifetimes of excited states in 16C as a benchmark for ab initio developments
Creators: name: Zhu, S.
name: Crawford, H. L.
name: Sarantites, D. G.
name: Reviol, W.
name: Kinnison, J.
name: Tabor, S.L.
name: Fallon, P.
name: Carpenter, M. P.
name: Ayangeakaa, A. D.
name: Mathy, M.
name: Lee, I.-Y.
name: Syndikus, I.
name: Wiedeking, M.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Elson, J.
name: Macchiavelli, A. O.
name: Roth, R.
name: Petri, M.
name: Wagner, L.
name: Heil, S.
name: Bottoni, S.
name: Paschalis, S.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description: Lifetimes of higher-lying states (2+
2 and 4+
1 ) in
16C have been measured, employing the Gammasphere and
Microball detector arrays, as key observables to test and
refine ab initio calculations based on interactions developed
within chiral Effective Field Theory. The presented
experimental constraints to these lifetimes of τ(2+
2 ) =
[ 244, 446] fs and τ(4+
1 ) = [1.8, 4] ps, combined with previous
results on the lifetime of the 2+
1 state of 16C, provide a
rather complete set of key observables to benchmark the theoretical
developments.We present No-Core Shell-Model calculations
using state-of-the-art chiral 2- (NN) and 3-nucleon
(3N) interactions at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order for
both the NN and the 3N contributions and a generalized
natural-orbital basis (instead of the conventional harmonicoscillator
single-particle basis) which reproduce, for the first
time, the experimental findings remarkably well. The level
of agreement of the new calculations as compared to the
CD-Bonn meson-exchange NN interaction is notable and
presents a critical benchmark for theory.
More than a tape-recorder : negotiations of English language teacher identities in the JET Program in Japan
Creators: name: Takeda, Yuya
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The Japan Exchange and Teaching Programme (JET Programme) is currently one of the largest government-sponsored programs for recruiting English language teachers in the world (Nagatomo, 2016). This year, 2017, marks the 30th anniversary since its launch, and the Japanese government has announced its plan to expand the scale of the program as a response to globalization (Uemura, Urabayashi, & Emoto, 2014). While the JET Programme’s contribution to the internationalization of the Japanese education system has been recognized (McConnell, 2000), scholars have also pointed out a number of issues within the JET Programme, such as lack of inclusion of assistant language teachers (ALTs) (McConnell, 2000), frequent miscommunications between Japanese teachers of English (JTEs) and ALTs (Muroi & Mochizuki, 2010), reinforcement of the perceived superiority of English over other languages (Kubota, 2002), and reinforcement of the essentialist view of culture (Kobayashi, 2011). However, few studies have investigated how the identities of ALTs are assigned, negotiated, and resisted. Through Gee’s (2014) D/discourse analysis, this study investigates how six ALTs construct their teacher identity—the way in which they come to understand themselves as teachers—during the program. This study highlights how issues within the JET Programme, such as the ones listed above, are discursively (re)produced. Drawing on Gee’s (2015) notion of Discourse (with a capital D), this study pays particular attention to how ALTs participate in the meaning-making practice in their schools’ community. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted over Skype. Fine-grained analysis of discourse illuminates the interaction between the macro-level discourse (i.e., nihonjinron [theory of Japaneseness] and kokusaika [internationalization]) and language ideology (i.e., “monolingual bias”; Kachru, 1994), the meso-level structure of the JET Programme, and the micro-level practices at participants’ schools. The findings show various ways in which ALTs struggled to attain membership in their schools’ Discursive community due to their racial, gender, linguistic, and employment statuses. Even those who successfully attained a certain level of membership in their schools’ Discourses were under constant fear of delegitimatization because of their marked foreignness. Based on the findings, this study offers implications for the JET Programme and advocates macro-, meso-, and micro-level changes.
Improved AdS/QCD Model with Matter
Creators: name: Stoffers, Alexander
name: Zahed, Ismail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an improved AdS/QCD model at finite temperature and chemical potential. An Ansatz for the beta-function for the boundary theory allows for the derivation of a charged dilatonic black hole in bulk. The solution is asymptotically RN-AdS in the UV and AdS2 * R3 in the IR. We discuss the thermodynamical aspects of the solution. The fermionic susceptibilities are shown to deviate from the free fermionic limits at asymptotic temperatures despite the asymptotically free nature of the gauge coupling at the boundary. The Polyakov line, the temporal and spatial string tensions dependence on both temperature and chemical potential are also discussed.
Perceptual learning in patients with macular degeneration
Creators: name: Plank, Tina
name: Rosengarth, Katharina
name: Schmalhofer, Carolin
name: Goldhacker, Markus
name: Brandl-Rühle, Sabine
name: Greenlee, Mark W.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychologie
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or hereditary macular dystrophies (JMD) rely on an efficient use of their peripheral visual field. We trained eight AMD and five JMD patients to perform a texture-discrimination task (TDT) at their preferred retinal locus (PRL) used for fixation. Six training sessions of approximately one hour duration were conducted over a period of approximately 3 weeks. Before, during and after training twelve patients and twelve age-matched controls (the data from two controls had to be discarded later) took part in three functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sessions to assess training-related changes in the BOLD response in early visual cortex. Patients benefited from the training measurements as indexed by significant decrease (p = 0.001) in the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between the presentation of the texture target on background and the visual mask, and in a significant location specific effect of the PRL with respect to hit rate (p = 0.014). The following trends were observed: (i) improvement in Vernier acuity for an eccentric line-bisection task; (ii) positive correlation between the development of BOLD signals in early visual cortex and initial fixation stability (r = 0.531); (iii) positive correlation between the increase in task performance and initial fixation stability (r = 0.730). The first two trends were non-significant, whereas the third trend was significant at p = 0.014, Bonferroni corrected. Consequently, our exploratory study suggests that training on the TDT can enhance eccentric vision in patients with central vision loss. This enhancement is accompanied by a modest alteration in the BOLD response in early visual cortex.
A relative h-principle via cobordism-like categories
Creators: name: Dotto, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove an h-principle with boundary condition for a certain class of topological spaces valued sheaves. The techniques used in the proof come from the study of the homotopy type of the cobordism categories, and they are of simplicial and categorical nature. Applying the main result of this paper to a certain sheaf we find another proof of the Madsen-Weiss theorem, that describes the homotopy type of the classifying space of the cobordism category as the loop space of the Thom space of the complement of the tautological bundle over the Grassmannians.
description: 26 pages
Concomitant Carcinoma in situ in Cystectomy Specimens Is Not Associated with Clinical Outcomes after Surgery
Creators: name: Nuhn, P.
name: Bastian, Patrick J.
name: Novara, G.
name: Svatek, Robert S.
name: Fritsche, Hans-Martin
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Carcinoma in situ; Radical cystectomy, prognosis; Bladder cancer; Urothelial carcinoma, survival
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Objective: The aim of this study was to externally validate the prognostic value of concomitant urothelial carcinoma in situ (CIS) in radical cystectomy (RC) specimens using a large international cohort of bladder cancer patients. Methods: The records of 3,973 patients treated with RC and bilateral lymphadenectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) at nine centers worldwide were reviewed. Surgical specimens were evaluated by a genitourinary pathologist at each center. Uni- and multivariable Cox regression models addressed time to recurrence and cancer-specific mortality after RC. Results: 1,741 (43.8%) patients had concomitant CIS in their RC specimens. Concomitant CIS was more common in organ-confined UCB and was associated with lymphovascular invasion (p < 0.001). Concomitant CIS was not associated with either disease recurrence or cancer-specific death regardless of pathologic stage. The presence of concomitant CIS did not improve the predictive accuracy of standard predictors for either disease recurrence or cancer-specific death in any of the subgroups. Conclusions: We could not confirm the prognostic value of concomitant CIS in RC specimens. This, together with the discrepancy between pathologists in determining the presence of concomitant CIS at the morphologic level, limits the clinical utility of concomitant CIS in RC specimens for clinical decision-making.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
The effect of massive neutrinos on the matter power spectrum
Creators: name: Agarwal, Shankar
name: Feldman, Hume A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact of massive neutrinos on the distribution of matter in the semi-non-linear regime (0.1
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, changes made to address referee report
Rezension: Christina Sanchez-Stockhammer (ed.), Can we predict linguistic change? (Studies in Variation, Contacts and Change in English 16). 2015. www.helsinki.fi/varieng/series/volumes/16/
Creators: name: Schneider, Edgar
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 420 Englisch

description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
Precision calculation of processes used for luminosity measurement at the ZEUS experiment
Creators: name: Haas, T.
name: Makarenko, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The process pe -> pe+gamma with the photon emitted along the electron beam axis is used for luminosity measurement at HERA. In this paper the process is calculated including one-loop QED radiative corrections. In the ZEUS experiment, both the electron and the photon can be detected. Therefore both photon and electron spectra with and without the gamma-e coincidence are analyzed. We also calculate the process pe -> pel+l- which contributes to the background in the electron tagger.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Concentration of the information in data with log-concave distributions
Creators: name: Bobkov, Sergey
name: Madiman, Mokshay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A concentration property of the functional ${-}\log f(X)$ is demonstrated, when a random vector X has a log-concave density f on $\mathbb{R}^n$. This concentration property implies in particular an extension of the Shannon-McMillan-Breiman strong ergodic theorem to the class of discrete-time stochastic processes with log-concave marginals.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AOP592 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
A systematic review on empowerment for healthy nutrition in health promotion
Creators: name: Brandstetter, Susanne
name: Rüter, Jana Marie
name: Curbach, Janina
name: Loss, Julika
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Systematic review, Empowerment, Health promotion, Healthy nutrition
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Objective The present review aimed to identify and synthesize studies that used an empowerment approach within the field of healthy nutrition. Design A systematic review was conducted. Studies were identified by database searching (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Psyndex). Searching, selecting and reporting were done according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) Statement. Setting Health promotion including the subject of healthy nutrition. Subjects Individuals from non-clinical populations. Results A total of 1226 studies were screened for eligibility, eight studies were finally included. Three studies used the empowerment approach within a qualitative research paradigm and five studies within (quasi-) experimental intervention studies. Heterogeneity in settings, samples and evaluation methods was high. Most studies referred to the key message of empowerment, i.e. taking control over one’s own life. However, the ways in which this key message was implemented in the interventions differed considerably. Conclusions The number of studies included was very low. Furthermore, most studies had some limitations in terms of reporting how the empowerment approach was actually applied. The empowerment approach still seems to be unfamiliar within the field of healthy nutrition.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
The Enterprise Multiple Investment Strategy: International Evidence
Creators: name: Walkshäusl, Christian
name: Lobe, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: 650 Management

description: The enterprise multiple (EM) predicts the cross section of international returns. The return predictability of EM is similarly pronounced in developed and emerging markets and likewise strong among small and large firms. An international portfolio of low-EM firms outperforms a portfolio of high-EM firms by about 1% per month. The EM value premium is individually significant for the majority of countries, remains largely unexplained by existing asset pricing models, is robust after controlling for comovement with the respective U.S. premium, and is highly persistent for up to 5 years after portfolio formation, making it a promising strategy for investors.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
Discrete probability and the geometry of graphs
Creators: name: Hutchcroft, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: We prove several theorems concerning random walks, harmonic functions, percolation, uniform spanning forests, and circle packing, often in combination with each other. We study these models primarily on planar graphs, on transitive graphs, and on unimodular random rooted graphs, although some of our results hold for more general classes of graphs. Broadly speaking, we are interested in the interplay between the geometry of a graph and the behaviour of probabilistic processes on that graph. Material taken from a total of nine papers is included. We have also included an extended introduction explaining the background and context to these papers.
The Influence of Magnetic Anisotropy on the Kondo Effect and Spin-Polarized Transport through Magnetic Molecules, Adatoms and Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Misiorny, Maciej
name: Weymann, Ireneusz
name: Barnas, Jozef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport properties in the Kondo regime of a nanosystem displaying uniaxial magnetic anisotropy (such as a magnetic molecule, magnetic adatom or quantum dot coupled to a localized magnetic moment) are analyzed theoretically. In particular, the influence of spin-polarized transport through a local orbital of the system and exchange coupling of conduction electrons to the system's magnetic core on the Kondo effect is discussed. The numerical renormalization group method is applied to calculate the spectral functions and linear conductance in the case of the parallel and antiparallel configurations of the electrodes' magnetic moments. It is shown that both the magnetic anisotropy as well as the exchange coupling between electrons tunneling through the conducting orbital and magnetic core play an important role in formation of the Kondo resonance, leading generally to its suppression. Specific transport properties of such a system appear also as a nontrivial behavior of tunnel magnetoresistance. It is also shown that the Kondo effect can be restored by an external magnetic field in both the parallel and antiparallel magnetic configurations.
description: 14 pages with 10 EPS figures (version as accepted for publication in Physical Review B)
Comprehensive medical care with telemedicine – Flächendeckende Versorgung durch Telemedizin
Creators: name: Ernstberger, Antonio
name: Leis, Alexander
name: Herbst, Tanja
name: Nerlich, Michael
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Kommunikationspartner tauschen idealerweise Wissen, Erfahrungen und Erkenntnisse aus. Die Telemedizin ist ein Weg, über große Distanzen hinweg zu kommunizieren, um relevante Informationen weiterzugeben. Sie ist seit vielen Jahren im präklinischen, klinischen und postklinischen Bereich in den unterschiedlichsten Anwendungsformen präsent.
The Horror of American History: Representing the Past in the era of Peak TV
Creators: name: Weeks, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Media Design School
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430321
subject: North American history
classificationCode: 3605
subject: Screen and digital media

description: Despite being a disreputable genre, horror remains a staple in cinemas and has become increasingly prominent on TV, a medium that has, until recently, been considered inferior to film. Yet, a disreputable genre and a previously discredited medium are producing some of the most original and engaging American histories currently found on screen. Shows of the Peak TV period such as Lovecraft Country (HBO, 2020), Them (Amazon Prime, 2021–), and The Terror: Infamy (AMC, 2019), not only feature monsters, demons, and spirits, but also offer a nuanced examination of mid-Century American race-relations. Although a literal retelling of history is never possible, the addition of fictitious creatures clearly highlights that these are not meant to be understood as the “true” and definitive version of events. Horror’s sensational address and the bodily reaction it elicits has an important impact on the text’s ability to encourage historical thinking, and seeing history play out against unorthodox and unfamiliar backdrops may prompt viewers to examine the past more critically. This paper explores how supernatural terrors are placed alongside real-world terrors of Japanese internment during World War II and the insidious racism experienced by African Americans, encouraging the audience to rethink what they know about these familiar periods in US history. Anthology and limited series formats are particularly suited to this form of history making as they can maintain an atmosphere of dread while also having the time and space to more fully develop characters and craft narratively complex storylines.
The effects of golf training in patients with stroke: a pilot study
Creators: name: Schachten, Tobias
name: Jansen, Petra
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: stroke, golf exercises, rehabilitation, cognition, motor skills, emotions, visual-spatial cognition
subject: 796 Sport

description: Background: Stroke is the most common neurological disease and the primary cause of lifelong disability in industrialized countries. Because of this it is important to investigate any kind of successful therapy. Methods: From the 24 recruited stroke patients who were between 23 and 72 years old, 14 patients were separated either in a golf training group (EG), or a social communication meeting (CG). Both groups met for one hour sessions, twice a week, for ten weeks. All participants completed assessment tests before and after the experimental period: cognitive tests measuring attention (Go/No-Go task), visual-spatial memory (Block-Tapping test) and mental rotation performance (MRT); a balance test (Berg Balance Scale), and an emotional well-being test (CES-D-Scale). Results: The results show that both groups improved in the CES Scale, the block-tapping test and the balance test. In addition, stroke patients who received a golf training showed a significant improvement in the MRT comparing to the control group (CG). Conclusion: It is indicated that golf training can improve visual imagery ability in stroke patients, even late after stroke.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
The omega rho pi coupling in the VMD model revisited
Creators: name: Gudino, D. Garcia
name: Sanchez, G. Toledo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the value of the ω-ρ- πmesons coupling (g_{ωρπ}), in the context of the vector meson dominance model, from radiative decays, the ω\rightarrow 3πdecay width and the e^+e^- \rightarrow 3πcross section. For the last two observables we consider the effect of either a heavier resonance (ρ'(1450)) or a contact term. A weighted average of the results from the set of observables yields g_{ωρπ} =14.7 \pm 0.1 GeV^{-1} in absence of those contributions, and g_{ωρπ} =11.9 \pm 0.2 GeV^{-1} or g_{ωρπ} =11.7 \pm 0.1 GeV^{-1} when including the ρ' or contact term respectively. The inclusion of these additional terms makes the estimates from the different observables to lay in a more reduced range. Improved measurements of these observables and the ρ'(1450) meson parameters are needed to give a definite answer on the pertinence of the inclusion of this last one in the considered processes.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures. Extended analysis including SND and CMD2 data. References added. Matches published version
title: "Ritratto di Tiberio su busto moderno", arte romana, inv. CLXXV (ITA/EN)
title: Scheda catalogo digitale Borghese
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ciccarello, Giulia
name: Galleria Borghese
Publisher: name: Galleria Borghese
Year: 2024

description: Pubblicazione delle schede delle opere conservate nel museo ed estratte dal catalogo digitale di

Galleria Borghese, nelle due versioni esistenti online, in italiano e inglese.

Collegamento al catalogo digitale:

ITA: https://www.collezionegalleriaborghese.it/

EN: https://www.collezionegalleriaborghese.it/en
Solid quantization for non-point particles
Creators: name: Wang, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum field theory, elemental particles are assumed to be point particles. As a result, the loop integrals are divergent in many cases. Regularization and renormalization are necessary in order to get the physical finite results from the infinite, divergent loop integrations. We propose new quantization conditions for non-point particles. With this solid quantization, divergence could be treated systematically. This method is useful for effective field theory which is on hadron degrees of freedom. The elemental particles could also be non-point ones. They can be studied in this approach as well.
description: 7 pages
Posterior translacrimal approach to the maxillary sinus
Creators: name: Dönmez, D.
name: Giotakis, E.
name: Hosemann, W. G.
name: Kühnel, Thomas
name: Weber, R. K.
name: Hirt, B.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Surgical Endoscopy; Paranasal Sinus Diseases; Maxillary Sinus; Nasolacrimal Duct
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: This study aimed to compare the view into the maxillary sinus using the posterior translacrimal approach compared with grade 3 antrostomy. Methods: Grade 3 antrostomy followed by a posterior translacrimal approach was performed on four cadavers. The maximum intramaxillary view was documented endoscopically guided by electromagnetic navigation. Representative screenshots were evaluated in a blinded manner by three independent sinus surgeons. In addition, a prospective investigation of specific complications in the post-operative course of consecutive patients was performed. Results: In the cadaver study, the posterior translacrimal approach provided a significantly better view into the maxillary sinus compared with grade 3 antrostomy. In the clinical study, only 1 out of 20 patients reported on a minor problem with lacrimal drainage at 6 months. Conclusion: The posterior translacrimal approach to visualising the maxillary sinus should be considered a strong alternative to more radical techniques.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
A combinatorial DGA for Legendrian knots from generating families
Creators: name: Henry, Michael B.
name: Rutherford, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R17 (Primary) 57M25, 53D40 (Secondary)

description: For a Legendrian knot L in R^3 with a chosen Morse complex sequence (MCS) we construct a differential graded algebra (DGA) whose differential counts "chord paths" in the front projection of L. The definition of the DGA is motivated by considering Morse-theoretic data from generating families. In particular, when the MCS arises from a generating family we give a geometric interpretation of our chord paths as certain broken gradient trajectories which we call "gradient staircases". Given two equivalent MCS's we prove the corresponding linearized complexes of the DGA are isomorphic. If the MCS has a standard form, then we show that our DGA agrees with the Chekanov-Eliashberg DGA after changing coordinates by an augmentation.
description: 60 pages, 46 figures; v2. Exposition improved, minor error in the proof of Thm 5.5 corrected; to appear in Commun. Contemp. Math
Crosstalk and modulation of signaling between somatostatin and growth factor receptors in human breast cancer cell lines
Creators: name: Zhou, Jiemin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: The molecular mechanisms of breast cancer are poorly understood, which present serious therapeutic problems and complicates drug design. Cell surface receptors belonging to G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) families are potential drug targets relevant to pathological conditions, and have attracted great interest from pharmaceutical industry. Recent studies have suggested that somatostatin (SST) receptors (SSTR1-5) belonging to GPCR family may interact with human epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors (ErbB 1-4) from RTK family in pathophysiological conditions, exerting antiproliferative effects that may be useful in the treatment of breast cancers. An understanding of molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects reveal new approaches to the design of efficient breast cancer therapies that would significantly improve the lives of patients. The work presented in this thesis was conducted to investigate crosstalk between SSTR and ErbB proteins in BT-474 and SK-BR-3 breast cancer cell lines upon SST and/or EGF treatment, to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms, and to explore their implications for cancer therapy. Several pairs of SSTR and ErbB proteins exhibited strong membrane coexpression and crosstalk in the presence of the tested ligands, including SSTR2/ErbB1, SSTR3/ErbB2, and SSTR5/ErbB3 in BT-474 cells, and SSTR5/ErbB1 in SK-BR-3 cells. New crosstalk processes between SSTR and ErbB subtypes were observed in both cell lines. In BT-474 cells, there were substantial reductions in the membrane expression of ErbB1 (degradation and termination of signaling) and ErbB2, as well as moderately reduced expression of ErbB3 and greatly enhanced activation of SSTR1 and SSTR4. Similarly, SK-BR-3 cells exhibited strong reductions in the expression of ErbB1 (degradation), ErbB3, and ErbB2 expression (partial degradation), while enhanced activation of SSTR1 and SSTR2 expression at the cell surface. The activated SSTRs were shown to antagonize ErbB-mediated MAPK signaling and tumor-promoting signaling pathways, resulting in pronounced antiproliferative effects. In BT-474 cells, they inhibited ERK1/2, p38 and PI3K, and enhanced PTEN pathways, while in SK-BR-3 cells they promoted ERK1/2 and p38, inhibited PI3K and maintained PTEN pathways. These results show that the activated SSTRs exert antiproliferative effects in breast cancer cells via mechanisms that resemble those determined for drugs modulating cancer-related signaling pathways.
Constrained Hybrid Metaheuristic Algorithm for Probabilistic Neural Networks Learning
Creators: name: Kowalski, Piotr A.
name: Kucharczyk, Szymon
name: Mańdziuk, Jacek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.0

description: This study investigates the potential of hybrid metaheuristic algorithms to enhance the training of Probabilistic Neural Networks (PNNs) by leveraging the complementary strengths of multiple optimisation strategies. Traditional learning methods, such as gradient-based approaches, often struggle to optimise high-dimensional and uncertain environments, while single-method metaheuristics may fail to exploit the solution space fully. To address these challenges, we propose the constrained Hybrid Metaheuristic (cHM) algorithm, a novel approach that combines multiple population-based optimisation techniques into a unified framework. The proposed procedure operates in two phases: an initial probing phase evaluates multiple metaheuristics to identify the best-performing one based on the error rate, followed by a fitting phase where the selected metaheuristic refines the PNN to achieve optimal smoothing parameters. This iterative process ensures efficient exploration and convergence, enhancing the network's generalisation and classification accuracy. cHM integrates several popular metaheuristics, such as BAT, Simulated Annealing, Flower Pollination Algorithm, Bacterial Foraging Optimization, and Particle Swarm Optimisation as internal optimisers. To evaluate cHM performance, experiments were conducted on 16 datasets with varying characteristics, including binary and multiclass classification tasks, balanced and imbalanced class distributions, and diverse feature dimensions. The results demonstrate that cHM effectively combines the strengths of individual metaheuristics, leading to faster convergence and more robust learning. By optimising the smoothing parameters of PNNs, the proposed method enhances classification performance across diverse datasets, proving its application flexibility and efficiency.
description: 35 pages, 1 Algorithm flow, 11 tables, 4 figures