cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The emission of electromagnetic radiation from the early stages of relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Churchill, Jessica
name: Yan, Li
name: Jeon, Sangyong
name: Gale, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the production of electromagnetic radiation (real and virtual photons) from the early, pre-equilibrium, stage of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The parton dynamics are obtained as a solution of the Boltzmann equation in the Fokker-Planck diffusion limit. The photon and dilepton rates are integrated and the obtained yields are compared with those from standard sources and with available experimental data. Non-equilibrium photon spectra are predicted for Pb+Pb at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures
Increased efficiency of straw utilisation by cattle and buffalo
Creators: name: George, P.S.
name: George, P.S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Development
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: cattle
subject: buffalo
subject: straw
subject: feed
subject: Australia
subject: India
subject: efficiency
subject: livestock production
subject: economic assessment
subject: urea molasses blocks
subject: bypass protein feed
subject: dairy
subject: milk

description: The Australian Centre of International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) has sponsored several research projects with the aim of increasing the efficiency of straw utilisation by cattle and buffaloes in some Australian and Indian situations. These projects involved research on upgrading technology and field testing specific feed formulations to determine their impact on improving livestock production in India. This report contains an economic assessment of three interrelated projects supported by ACIAR over a period of nine years, starting 1983–84. Apart from validating the feasibility of improving the efficiency of strawbased diets through strategic supplements, the projects under review had played a significant role in the commercial introduction of urea molasses blocks (UMBs) in 1985 and bypass protein feed (BPF) in 1989. It was anticipated that the supply of these products, through the milk producers cooperatives organised under the Operation Flood Programme in India, would make a substantial contribution to Indian dairy farmers towards increasing the efficiency of milk production. Based on the adoption level of these products over a period of about eight years, an assessment was made on the likely contributions of the products over a period extending up to 2013. The results of the analysis indicate that these projects are economically viable even under the most conservative set of assumptions regarding the project outcome. The internal rate return of the project was above 12 per cent and the benefit–cost ratio was 2.15 for the base level estimates, with a net present value of $4.7 million. Sensitivity analysis has also clearly demonstrated that the cost incurred on these projects is justified by the potential economic benefits to the Indian dairy farmers.
Future Hadron Physics Facilities at Fermilab
Creators: name: Appel, Jeffrey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fermilab's hadron physics research continues in all its accelerator-based programs. These efforts will be identified, and the optimization of the Fermilab schedules for physics will be described. In addition to the immediate plans, the Fermilab Long Range Plan will be cited, and the status and potential role of a new proton source, the Proton Driver, will be described.
description: Invited plenary talk at First APS Topical Group on Hadron Physics Meeting, 5 pages, no figures
Probing the post-Minkowskian approximation using recursive addition of self-interactions
Creators: name: Roy, Soumendra Kishore
name: Koley, Ratna
name: Majumdar, Parthasarathi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the problem of deriving the post-Minkowskian approximation, widely used in current gravitational wave literature by investigating a possible deduction out of the recursive Nöther coupling approach, from the Pauli-Fierz spin-2 theory in flat spacetime. We find that this approach yields the post-Minkowskian approximation correctly to the first three orders, without invoking any weak-field limit of general relativity. This connection thus establishes that the post-Minkowskian approximation has a connotation independent of a weak-field expansion of general relativity, which is the manner usually presented in the literature. As a consequence, a link manifests between the recursive Nöther coupling approach to deriving general relativity from a linear spin-2 theory in flat spacetime and theoretical analyses of recent detection of gravitational wave events.
Novel QCD Aspects of Hard Diffraction, Antishadowing, and Single-Spin Asymmetries
Creators: name: Brodsky, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is usually assumed -- following the parton model -- that the leading-twist structure functions measured in deep inelastic lepton-proton scattering are simply the probability distributions for finding quarks and gluons in the target nucleon. In fact, gluon exchange between the outgoing quarks and the target spectators effects the leading-twist structure functions in a profound way, leading to diffractive leptoproduction processes, shadowing and antishadowing of nuclear structure functions, and target spin asymmetries, physics not incorporated in the light-front wavefunctions of the target computed in isolation. In particular, final-state interactions from gluon exchange lead to single-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep inelastic lepton-proton scattering which are not power-law suppressed in the Bjorken limit. The shadowing and antishadowing of nuclear structure functions in the Gribov-Glauber picture is due respectively to the destructive and constructive interference of amplitudes arising from the multiple-scattering of quarks in the nucleus. The effective quark-nucleon scattering amplitude includes Pomeron and Odderon contributions from multi-gluon exchange as well as Reggeon quark-exchange contributions. Part of the anomalous NuTeV result for $\sin^2θ_W$ could be due to the non-universality of nuclear antishadowing for charged and neutral currents. Detailed measurements of the nuclear dependence of individual quark structure functions are thus needed to establish the distinctive phenomenology of shadowing and antishadowing and to make the NuTeV results definitive. I also discuss diffraction dissociation as a tool for resolving hadron substructure Fock state by Fock state and for producing leading heavy quark systems.
description: Presented at the 34th International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics (ISMD 2004), Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, California, July 26-August 1, 2004
Supplementary Information from Synthesis of cyclotetrapeptide analogues of c-PLAI and evaluation of their antimicrobial properties
Creators: name: Maharani, Rani
name: Napitupulu, Orin Inggriani
name: Jelang M. Dirgantara
name: Ace Tatang Hidayat
name: Dadan Sumiarsa
name: Harneti, Desi
name: Nurlelasari
name: Unang Supratman
name: Fukase, Koichi
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30499 Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are interesting compounds owing to their ability to kill several pathogens. In order to identify new AMPs, c-PLAI analogues were synthesized and evaluated together with their linear precursors for their antimicrobial properties against two Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus), two Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae), and two fungal strains (Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes). The new c-PLAI analogues were prepared through a combination of solid- and solution-phase syntheses, as previously employed for the synthesis of c-PLAI. The antimicrobial activity tests showed that the synthetic parent peptide c-PLAI was inactive or weakly active towards the bioindicators employed in the assay. The tests also indicated that cyclic c-PLAI analogues possessed enhanced antimicrobial properties against most of the bacteria and fungi tested. Furthermore, this study revealed that analogues containing cationic lysine residues displayed the highest activity towards most bioindicators. A combination of lysine and aromatic residues yielded analogues with broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties.
Establishment of a protected area in Vanuatu
Creators: name: Centre For International Economics
name: Centre For International Economics
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Venuatu
subject: forestry
subject: protected area
subject: land value
subject: logging
subject: timber harvest
subject: harvesting
subject: tourism
subject: tourist

description: The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) project ANREI/90/20 assisted in the establishment of a number of protected areas in Vanuatu by improving information flows and by establishing appropriate institutional structures. The total research benefit from this project is estimated to be: - A$1.89 million divided up as follows.$0.14 million is the present value to landowners, based on estimates of the surplus—return on land above logging returns foregone. For most areas, the benefits to the landowners exceeded the returns from logging and the landowners were willing to establish the area without compensation arrangements. - $1.07 million is the project’s contribution to improving the net returns on logging activities—assuming that only 10 per cent of the actual change can be attributed to the project. The project significantly improved the economic outcomes for logged areas through (i) training and (ii) the establishment of institutions that improved control by the Department of Forests (Vanuatu) and strengthened the landowners’ rights. This enabled Vanuatu to negotiate for higher royalties on timber harvests, the acceptance of codes of practice for harvesting, and lower the environmental costs of logging. - $0.67 million is the net present value of tourist payments, assuming a growth in tourism of 1 per cent a year. A willingness-to-pay survey of Australian tourists to Vanuatu, which was part of the project, put a value on protected areas of $20 per tourist. This benefit accrues to Australian tourists unless a charge is levied on tourists. Such a charge is a potential source of income for the Vanuatu economy. When the contributions of the project to the affected landowners, the broader community and Australian tourists are added, the net present value of the project is estimated at just under $1.5 million, a benefit–cost ratio of 4.5:1, at a discount rate of 5 per cent. The internal rate of return is 22 per cent. The project also estimated Australian households were willing to pay, on average, $3 per household to protect forests in Vanuatu. While it was revealed that payment is more likely to be the value placed on forest conservation in the Pacific Islands rather than just in Vanuatu, it provides a basis for justifying assistance by Australia of around $0.5 million a year for improving conservation practices in the region.
Local earthquakes detection: A benchmark dataset of 3-component seismograms built on a global scale
Creators: name: Magrini, Fabrizio
name: Jozinović, Dario
name: Cammarano, Fabio
name: Michelini, Alberto
name: Boschi, Lapo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine learning is becoming increasingly important in scientific and technological progress, due to its ability to create models that describe complex data and generalize well. The wealth of publicly-available seismic data nowadays requires automated, fast, and reliable tools to carry out a multitude of tasks, such as the detection of small, local earthquakes in areas characterized by sparsity of receivers. A similar application of machine learning, however, should be built on a large amount of labeled seismograms, which is neither immediate to obtain nor to compile. In this study we present a large dataset of seismograms recorded along the vertical, north, and east components of 1487 broad-band or very broad-band receivers distributed worldwide; this includes 629,095 3-component seismograms generated by 304,878 local earthquakes and labeled as EQ, and 615,847 ones labeled as noise (AN). Application of machine learning to this dataset shows that a simple Convolutional Neural Network of 67,939 parameters allows discriminating between earthquakes and noise single-station recordings, even if applied in regions not represented in the training set. Achieving an accuracy of 96.7, 95.3, and 93.2% on training, validation, and test set, respectively, we prove that the large variety of geological and tectonic settings covered by our data supports the generalization capabilities of the algorithm, and makes it applicable to real-time detection of local events. We make the database publicly available, intending to provide the seismological and broader scientific community with a benchmark for time-series to be used as a testing ground in signal processing.
Dual Boson Diagrammatic Monte Carlo Approach Applied to the Extended Hubbard Model
Creators: name: Vandelli, M.
name: Harkov, V.
name: Stepanov, E. A.
name: Gukelberger, J.
name: Kozik, E.
name: Rubio, A.
name: Lichtenstein, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we introduce the Dual Boson Diagrammatic Monte Carlo technique for strongly interacting electronic systems. This method combines the strength of dynamical mean-filed theory for non-perturbative description of local correlations with the systematic account of non-local corrections in the Dual Boson theory by the diagrammatic Monte Carlo approach. It allows us to get a numerically exact solution of the dual boson theory at the two-particle local vertex level for the extended Hubbard model. We show that it can be efficiently applied to description of single particle observables in a wide range of interaction strengths. We compare our exact results for the self-energy with the ladder Dual Boson approach and determine a physical regime, where description of collective electronic effects requires more accurate consideration beyond the ladder approximation. Additionally, we find that the order-by-order analysis of the perturbative diagrammatic series for the single-particle Green's function allows to estimate the transition point to the charge density wave phase.
Casos práticos de Gestão Estratégica e Inovação
Creators: name: Justino, Maria do Rosário
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Para complementar o estudo da Unidade Curricular de Gestão Estratégica e inovação, recompilaram-se casos de estudo em que os estudantes podem aplicar os conhecimentos teóricos adquiridos. Trata-se de recolher a realidade empresarial como uma aplicação pratica dos conteúdos teóricos incluídos na unidade curricular.

Surge esta recompilação de casos de gestão estratégica com a finalidade geral de analisar a forma de como funcionam as empresas, os modelos de analise que se integram no paradigma da gestão estratégica, e que em muitos casos, obtiveram-se através da observação do comportamento real das empresas.

Para alcançar esse objetivo, recompilaram-se um conjunto de casos de empresas. A informação foi obtida através de diversas fontes: bibliografia especifica, relatórios de empresas, paginas web, artigos, etc.

Com estes casos pretende-se aprofundar o estudo dos diversos capítulos da unidade curricular, adquirindo mais conhecimento e de forma mais consolidada. Desta forma, analisam-se aspetos tais como: o papel dos stakeholders , a responsabilidade social e os valores éticos, a análise da industria , a análise interna (recursos e capacidades), a definição de estratégias e vantagens competitivas e a sua adaptação a determinados tipos de industrias, as estratégias tecnológicas, a diversificação e a gestão de empresas diversificadas, a internacionalização.
Modeling of chemical reaction systems with detailed balance using gradient structures
Creators: name: Maas, Jan
name: Mielke, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider various modeling levels for spatially homogeneous chemical reaction systems, namely the chemical master equation, the chemical Langevin dynamics, and the reaction-rate equation. Throughout we restrict our study to the case where the microscopic system satisfies the detailed-balance condition. The latter allows us to enrich the systems with a gradient structure, i.e. the evolution is given by a gradient-flow equation. We present the arising links between the associated gradient structures that are driven by the relative entropy of the detailed-balance steady state. The limit of large volumes is studied in the sense of evolutionary $Γ$-convergence of gradient flows. Moreover, we use the gradient structures to derive hybrid models for coupling different modeling levels.
description: 48 pages
Pairing Fluctuations in The Attractive Hubbard Model in the Atomic Limit
Creators: name: Verga, S.
name: Gooding, R. J.
name: Marsiglio, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: BCS theory accounts for the pairing instability in the weak coupling limit, but fails to describe pairing fluctuations above $T_c$. One possibility for describing these fluctuations in the dilute limit is the T-matrix approximation. We critically examine various degrees of self-consistency in the T-matrix formalism, along with a non-diagrammatic two-particle self-consistent (TPSC) formulation, in the strong coupling regime, where an exact solution is readily available. We find that one particular degree of self-consistency is quite accurate, particularly at low temperature as evidenced by examining both static and dynamic properties.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Fruit fly in Malaysia and Thailand 1985-1993
Creators: name: Collins, B.A.
name: Collins, David J.
name: Collins, B.A.
name: Collins, David J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: fruit fly
subject: Malaysia
subject: Thailand
subject: Australia
subject: pest
subject: fruit
subject: production
subject: export
subject: papaya
subject: outbreak

description: Fruit flies are a serious economic pest affecting horticultural production world-wide. Increasing coordination of activities between neighbouring countries and those countries involved in fresh fruit trade is leading to more effective regional management of the fruit fly pest. 1.1 ACIAR Research Projects. ACIAR has supported fruit fly research in developing countries since 1984. Two projects, based in Thailand and Malaysia, have generated significant scientific and economic outcomes. The total cost of these two projects was $1.7m (in 1996 dollars). Specific outcomes include: 1. A more detailed understanding of exotic fruit fly species, their host range, pest status and spatial distribution; 2. Increased interest in fruit fly management in Thailand and Malaysia and throughout the South Pacific; and 3. The demonstration of an effective protein bait spray technology. 1.2 Project Benefits. While the two ACIAR research projects carried out in Malaysia and Thailand between 1984 and 1993 have generated economic gains in these countries, considerable benefits have been realised in Australia. These benefits include: a saving of $0.76m because of the reduced time taken to carry out a delimiting survey following the papaya fruit fly outbreak around Cairns in 1995; a gain of $5.03m from the quicker realisation of papaya fruit fly eradication benefits; gains of up to $4m a year during the eradication of the papaya fruit fly from Australia as a result of continued access to premium fresh fruit export markets; and gains of up to $0.28m a year as a result of continued access to fresh fruit export markets during the eradication campaign rather than redirecting produce to the domestic market. 1.3 Economic Pay-Off. It was estimated that the two ACIAR research projects are likely to generate a net benefit, in present value terms, of nearly $10m (in 1996 dollars). This represents a return of over $9 for every dollar invested. The internal rate of return was estimated at 35%. Most of these benefits have already been realised, with over $7m in present value terms being realised to date.
Exact diagonalization results for an anharmonically trapped Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Bargi, S.
name: Kavoulakis, G. M.
name: Reimann, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider bosonic atoms that rotate in an anharmonic trapping potential. Using numerical diagonalization of the Hamiltonian, we identify the various phases of the gas as the rotational frequency of the trap and the coupling between the atoms are varied.
description: 7 pages, RevTex, 10 figures
Un chapiteau et une imposte provenants d´une ville morte
Creators: name: Grüneisen, Wladimir De
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 10 (1912): Oriens christianus, Band 10
SU(3) Breaking of Leading--Twist K and K* Distribution Amplitudes - a Reprise
Creators: name: Ball, Patricia
name: Zwicky, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the status of the leptonic decay constants f_K and f_K^{\parallel,\perp} of the K and K*, respectively, and the SU(3) breaking quantities a_1(K) and a_{1}^{\parallel,\perp}(K*), the first Gegenbauer-moments of the leading-twist distribution amplitudes of K and K*. We obtain new predictions from QCD sum rules which are relevant for the calculation of K and K* form factors, for instance T_1^{B->K*}, which determines the decay B -> K* gamma, and for QCD factorisation calculations of nonleptonic B decays into strange mesons, for instance B -> K pi.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Critical patch size reduction by heterogeneous diffusion
Creators: name: Santos, M. A. F. dos
name: Dornelas, V.
name: Colombo, E. H.
name: Anteneodo, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Population survival depends on a large set of factors that includes environment structure. Due to landscape heterogeneity, species can occupy particular regions that provide the ideal scenario for development, working as a refuge from harmful environmental conditions. Survival occurs if population growth overcomes the losses caused by adventurous individuals that cross the patch edge. In this work, we consider a single species dynamics in a bounded domain with a space-dependent diffusion coefficient. We investigate the impact of heterogeneous diffusion on the minimal patch size that allows population survival and show that, typically, this critical size is smaller than the one for a homogeneous medium with the same average diffusivity.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
An International Comparison of the Effects of Government Agricultural Support on Food Budget Shares
Creators: name: Miller, J. Corey
name: Coble, Keith H.
name: Miller, J. Corey
name: Coble, Keith H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: agricultural policy
subject: obesity

description: This study evaluates econometrically the effect of government support to agriculture on a measure of the affordability of food in 10 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. The panel model we construct specifically utilizes two values calculated by the OECD: Producer Support Estimates as a percentage of gross farm receipts and the Consumer Nominal Protection Coefficient. These two variables represent transfers from taxpayers to agricultural producers through government programs and transfers from consumers to government through protectionist measures, respectively. By using dummy variables, we find implications for groups of countries on the basis of their relative levels of support and protection.
The language of agency in parent-adolescent conversations about career
Creators: name: Turkel, Hayley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to explore how the language of agency was reflected in parent-adolescent conversations about career. Through the lens of action theory, I sought to gain better understanding of how agency was co-constructed in these conversations. The language of agency was analyzed by a collective case study method, in which the conversational data of three parent adolescent dyads were explored. Agentic language, as operationalized by O'Connor's (2000) writings, was evident in the parent-adolescent conversations, evinced by thematic categories. Agency emerged as a complex and multifaceted construct, expressed by parents and adolescents in a myriad of ways. Their choices in self-expression, their self-awareness and ability to think reflexively, the reciprocal energy of their interactions, their diverging opinions, their sense of engagement and connection within their relationships, their arguments, and their seeking and providing support were some of the many ways that these dyads communicated agency through language and joint-action. The themes are presented separately in each family case study, as well as jointly in the instrumental findings that link the three cases together. This inquiry's findings about agency are generally consistent with the existing literature. However, the socio-contextual nature of this study provides new insight to the construct of agency. Limitations of the study, as well as its implications for future research and counselling are also discussed.
Comments on D3-Brane Holography
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Soumangsu
name: Giveon, Amit
name: Kutasov, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the idea that the quantum dynamics of open strings ending on $N$ D3-branes in the large $N$ limit can be described at large `t Hooft coupling by classical closed string theory in the background created by the D3-branes in asymptotically flat spacetime. We study the resulting thermodynamics and compute the Hagedorn temperature and other properties of the D3-brane worldvolume theory in this regime. We also consider the theory in which the D3-branes are replaced by negative branes and show that its thermodynamics is well behaved. We comment on the idea that this theory can be thought of as an irrelevant deformation of $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM, and on its relation to $T\bar T$ deformed $CFT_2$.
description: 17 pages and 7 figures
Subjectivity in Ex Ante Research Evaluation
Creators: name: Shumway, C. Richard
name: Shumway, C. Richard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This essay is a critique of research evaluation research. Considerable evidence exists that agricultural research conducted during the era when projects were chosen by diffuse selection systems yielded extraordinarily high returns. It is not obvious that the formalized, quantitative, and typically centralized selection models can be expected to produce higher contemporary returns than the decentralized informal mechanisms. All ex ante evaluations are intrinsically subjective, regardless of technique used to generate the evaluation. The extreme uncertainty surrounding the nonrepetitive new-knowledge production function further limits the potential of the sophisticated selection procedures. Perhaps of greatest importance, however, are the high costs imposed by these procedures in terms of scientists' time, morale, and "artistic" research tool atrophication.
How To Distinguish Neutron Star and Black Hole X-ray Binaries? Spectral index and Quasi-Periodic Oscillation Frequency Correlation
Creators: name: Titarchuk, Lev
name: Shaposhnikov, Nickolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies have revealed strong correlations between 1-10 Hz frequencies of quasiperiodic oscillations (QPOs) and the spectral power law index of several Black Hole (BH) candidate sources when seen in the low/hard state, the steep power-law (soft) state, and in transition between these states. In the soft state these index-QPO frequency correlations show a saturation of the photon index about 2.7 at high values of the low frequency. This saturation effect was previously identified as a black hole signature. In this paper we argue that this saturation does not occur, at least for one neutron star (NS) source 4U 1728-34, for which the index monotonically increases with the low frequency to the values of 6 and higher. We base this conclusion on our analysis about 1.5 Msec of RXTE archival data for 4U 1728-34. We reveal the spectral evolution of the Comptonized blackbody spectra when the source transitions from the hard to soft states. The hard state spectrum is a typical thermal Comptonization spectrum of the soft photons which originate in the disk and the NS outer photospheric layers. The hard state photon index is about 2. The soft state spectrum consists of two blackbody components which are only slightly Comptonized. Thus we can claim (as expected from theory) that in NS sources thermal equilibrium is established for the soft state. To the contrary in BH sources, the equilibrium is never established due to the presence of the BH horizon. The emergent BH spectrum, even in the high/soft state, has a power law component. We also show that the presence of Fe K_alpha emission-line strengths, QPOs, and the link between them does not depend on radio flux in 4U 1728-34.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, one table. Accepted and scheduled for publication in the Astrophysical Journal, for the ApJ 20 June 2005, v 626 2 issue
First limits on double beta decays in $^{\bf 232}$Th
Creators: name: Laubenstein, M.
name: Lehnert, B.
name: Nagorny, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As one of the primordial radioactive isotopes, $^{232}$Th mainly undergoes $α$-decay with a half-life of $1.402 \times 10^{10}$ yr. However, it is also one of 35 double beta decay candidates in which the single $β$-decay is forbidden or strongly suppressed. 181 mg of thorium contained in a gas mantle was measured in an HPGe well-detector at the Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory (LNGS) with a total exposure of 3.25 g $\times$ d. We obtain half-life limits on all double beta decay modes of $^{232}$Th to excited states of $^{232}$U on the order of $10^{11-15}$ yr. For the most likely transition into the $0_1^+$ state we find a lower half-life limit of $6.3 \times 10^{14}$ yr (90% credibility). These are the first constraints on double beta decay excited state transition in $^{232}$Th.
Maximizing Submodular or Monotone Functions under Partition Matroid Constraints by Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithms
Creators: name: Do, Anh Viet
name: Neumann, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many important problems can be regarded as maximizing submodular functions under some constraints. A simple multi-objective evolutionary algorithm called GSEMO has been shown to achieve good approximation for submodular functions efficiently. While there have been many studies on the subject, most of existing run-time analyses for GSEMO assume a single cardinality constraint. In this work, we extend the theoretical results to partition matroid constraints which generalize cardinality constraints, and show that GSEMO can generally guarantee good approximation performance within polynomial expected run time. Furthermore, we conducted experimental comparison against a baseline GREEDY algorithm in maximizing undirected graph cuts on random graphs, under various partition matroid constraints. The results show GSEMO tends to outperform GREEDY in quadratic run time.
description: Paper accepted for publication in the proceedings of PPSN 2020
Novel Aspects of QCD in Leptoproduction
Creators: name: Brodsky, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review several topics in electroproduction which test fundamental aspects of QCD. These include the role of final-state interactions in producing diffractive leptoproduction processes, the shadowing of nuclear structure functions, and target-spin asymmetries. The antishadowing of nuclear structure functions is shown to be quark-flavor specific, suggesting that some part of the anomalous NuTeV result for $\sin^2θ_W$ could be due to the non-universality of nuclear antishadowing for charged and neutral currents. I also discuss the physics of the heavy-quark sea, hidden color in nuclear wavefunctions, and evidence for color transparency for nuclear processes. The AdS/CFT correspondence connecting superstring theory to superconformal gauge theory has important implications for hadron phenomenology in the conformal limit, including an all-orders demonstration of counting rules for hard exclusive processes, as well as determining essential aspects of hadronic light-front wavefunctions.
description: Presented at the conference, Electron-Nucleus Scattering VIII, Marciana Marina, Isola d'Elba, June 21-25, 2004
Understanding single-top-quark production and jets at hadron colliders
Creators: name: Sullivan, Zack
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present an analysis of fully differential single-top-quark production plus jets at next-to-leading order. I describe the effects of jet definitions, top-quark mass, and higher orders on the shapes and normalizations of the kinematic distributions, and quantify all theoretical uncertainties. I explain how to interpret next-to-leading-order jet calculations, and compare them to showering event generators. Using the program ZTOP, I show that HERWIG and PYTHIA significantly underestimate both s-channel and t-channel single-top-quark production, and propose a scheme to match the relevant samples to the next-to-leading-order predictions.
description: 40 pgs., revtex4, 35 ps figs; added Fig. 4, 1 Ref., minor clarifications, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Redes Sociais Acadêmicas
Creators: name: Casimiro, Adelaide
name: Ilaydiany Oliveira Da Silva
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80706 Librarianship
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Library and Information Studies

description: Palestra intitulada "Redes sociais acadêmicas", proferida pela professora Drª Ilaydiany da Silva e mediada pela professora Msª Adelaide Helena Casimiro. Esta palestra faz parte do evento II Troca de Saberes na Ciência da Informação, que você pode assistir pelo link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYhYm1FVTQ4&t=1s
A Vectorial Approach to Unbalanced Optimal Mass Transport
Creators: name: Zhu, Jiening
name: Elkin, Rena
name: Oh, Jung Hun
name: Deasy, Joseph O.
name: Tannenbaum, Allen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unbalanced optimal mass transport (OMT) seeks to remove the conservation of mass constraint by adding a source term to the standard continuity equation in the Benamou-Brenier formulation of OMT. In this note, we show how the addition of the source fits into the vector-valued OMT framework.
Yield Information Needed for the Analysis of Crop Improvement Research
Creators: name: Dalrymple, Dana G.
name: Dalrymple, Dana G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The purpose of developing new crop technology is generally to increase yields per unit of land and to reduce costs per unit of product. A rather elaborate' methodology has been developed to measure the rates of return from such investments, principally involving ex post analysis. Improvements to this methodology are continually being suggested.1/ Yet much of this sophisticated methodology is built on a rather limited statistical base--particularly when it comes to the actual measurement of the effect of the technology on yields. Some of these yield measurement problems, such as the difficulties in isolating the yield effect of a specific technology when it is part of a package of interacting technologies, have long been recognized. The influence of weather and other factors must, of course, also be considered. Production functions have been an important tool in sorting out the roles of these factors. But relatively little methodological attention seems to have been given to the basic yield data themselves. These are of critical importance in index number analysis. Just how good are the available statistics? What are their advantages? What are their limitations? What alternative sources are available? Could existing data be utilized in a better way? What additional data might be gathered? As one who has given considerable attention over the past decade to the collection of area data on wheat and rice, 2/ I must confess to have largely neglected these questions. Yet to judge from the literature, I am not alone. Perhaps the time has come to balance improvements in methodology with concern for the basic data. The purpose of this paper is simply to highlight the issue and to try to stimulate others to explore the matter further.
Torsion functions and the Cheeger problem: a fractional approach
Creators: name: Bueno, Hamilton
name: Ercole, Grey
name: Macedo, Shirley S.
name: Pereira, Gilberto A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: P5P15, 35R11 (Primary), 47A75 (secondary)

description: Let $Ω$ be a Lipschitz bounded domain of $\mathbb{R}^N $, $N\geq2$. The fractional Cheeger constant $h_s (Ω)$, $0
title: Adaptation to the impacts of climate change in small island communities : an analysis of Scottish case studies
Creators: name: Cunningham, Fiona
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2019

description: The IPCC have identified small islands as high-risk settings facing adverse impacts of climate change, particularly flooding and storm surge, with potentially detrimental consequences for human wellbeing and livelihoods. The Scottish Islands are peripheral locations that are physically exposed to storms and coastal flooding; the frequency and magnitude of which are likely to be exacerbated under changing climatic conditions. Key questions remain about the issues, capacity and priorities of small island communities for adapting to climate change impacts. The research seeks to review and develop theory on the scale of adaptation measures and considers: the appropriateness of top-down versus bottom-up approaches within small island contexts; the role of participatory processes and utility of scenario-based tools in island adaptation; and the effectiveness of ‘one-size-fits-all’ adaptation planning where local priorities differ significantly. Communities in South Uist (Outer Hebrides), Westray (Orkney) and Unst (Shetland) formed a multiple case study approach. Policy mapping, documentary analysis and deliberative workshops were employed to develop initial background understandings of each case study. Empirical evidence was drawn from focus groups (N=9) which explored local perspectives on issues and priorities for adaptation in the case study communities. The findings highlight that place-based issues and priorities exist within the case studies, with significant variation across all cases despite the communities being of similar population, demographic profile and island context. The research contributes to debate on one-size-fits-all adaptation planning and supports the argument that national adaptation strategies can only be effective in small islands if local issues are understood. The findings support the integration of top-down-and-bottom-up approaches as a pathway for effective adaptation in small island settings. Deeper knowledge of the interface between community-based action and strategic policy in cross-scale climate change governance processes is developed and there is scope to apply a similar approach to understand adaptation planning priorities in other small island locations.
Redes Sociais Acadêmicas
Creators: name: Casimiro, Adelaide
name: Ilyadiany Oliveira Da Silva
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80706 Librarianship
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Library and Information Studies

description: Palestra intitulada "Redes sociais acadêmicas", proferida pela professora Drª Ilaydiany da Silva e mediada pela professora Msª Adelaide Helena Casimiro. Esta palestra faz parte do evento II Troca de Saberes na Ciência da Informação, que você pode assistir pelo link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYhYm1FVTQ4&t=1s
A Numerical Study of Coulomb Interaction Effects on 2D Hopping Transport
Creators: name: Kinkhabwala, Y. A.
name: Sverdlov, V. A.
name: Likharev, K. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have extended our supercomputer-enabled Monte Carlo simulations of hopping transport in completely disordered 2D conductors to the case of substantial electron-electron Coulomb interaction. Such interaction may not only suppress the average value of hopping current, but also affect its fluctuations rather substantially. In particular, the spectral density $S_I (f)$ of current fluctuations exhibits, at sufficiently low frequencies, a $1/f$-like increase which approximately follows the Hooge scaling, even at vanishing temperature. At higher $f$, there is a crossover to a broad range of frequencies in which $S_I (f)$ is nearly constant, hence allowing characterization of the current noise by the effective Fano factor $F\equiv S_I(f)/2e \left< I\right>$. For sufficiently large conductor samples and low temperatures, the Fano factor is suppressed below the Schottky value (F=1), scaling with the length $L$ of the conductor as $F = (L_c / L)^α$. The exponent $α$ is significantly affected by the Coulomb interaction effects, changing from $α= 0.76 \pm 0.08$ when such effects are negligible to virtually unity when they are substantial. The scaling parameter $L_c$, interpreted as the average percolation cluster length along the electric field direction, scales as $L_c \propto E^{-(0.98 \pm 0.08)}$ when Coulomb interaction effects are negligible and $L_c \propto E^{-(1.26 \pm 0.15)}$ when such effects are substantial, in good agreement with estimates based on the theory of directed percolation.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures. Fixed minor typos and updated references
Der Drachenkampf den heiligen Theodor (Schluss)
Creators: name: Hengstenberg, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 10 (1912): Oriens christianus, Band 10
Bullying and stress in early adolescents : the roles of coping and social support
Creators: name: Konishi, Chiaki
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The present study investigated the relation between stress experiences and bullying behavior, examining the potential stress-buffering role of effective coping and social support in reducing the likelihood of bullying in response to stress. It was expected that greater stress would be associated with more bullying behavior, and that the relation between stress and bullying would be moderated by particular coping strategies, specifically active and distraction coping, and by social support. Students in grades 5-7 (N=312) completed questionnaires assessing levels of stress (including major stressful events and daily hassles), bullying behavior (peer and self assessments), coping strategies used (active, avoidance, distraction, and support seeking), and perceived social support (from friends, family, or teachers). Results indicated that both major stressful events and daily hassles were positively but modestly associated with self-reported bullying behavior, not peer-assessed bullying. Children who reported high levels of stress reported more bullying behavior, although they were not more likely to be viewed by peers as bullies. Regression analyses revealed a unique moderation effect of distraction coping on the stress-bullying link. At low levels of stress, children who reported using high levels of distraction coping also reported lower levels of bullying, although this pattern varied across three forms of bullying (i.e., physical, verbal, relational) and by gender. However, as levels of stress increased, the effect of distraction coping reversed; those who reported high levels of distraction coping reported higher levels of bullying than those who reported lower levels of distraction coping. With respect to social support, family support was found to moderate the relationship between stress and bullying, although this moderation effect differed across three forms of bullying, and by gender. With low levels of perceived support from family, the positive relation between stress and bullying was greater, whereas with high levels of perceived support from family, the stress-bullying relation was weaker. Perceived friend support also moderated the stress-bullying link, only when physical bullying was considered, and only for girls when gender differences were considered. Taken together, these findings suggest possible protective factors that might help children to minimize the likelihood of bullying under conditions of stress, including the potential buffering effect of social support, especially from family and friends.