cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Insights into the Causes and Predictability of the 2022/23 California Flooding
Creators: name: Schubert, Siegfried D.
name: Chang, Yehui
name: DeAngelis, Anthony M.
name: Lim, Young-Kwon
name: Thomas, Natalie
name: Koster, Randal D.
name: Bosilovich, Michael G.
name: Molod, Andrea M.
name: Collow, Allison
name: Dezfuli, Amin
Publisher: name: AMS
Year: 2024

description: Abstract In late December of 2022 and the first half of January 2023 an unprecedented series of atmospheric rivers (ARs) produced near record heavy rains and flooding over much of California. Here we employ the NASA GEOS AGCM run in a “replay” mode, together with more idealized simulations with a stationary wave model, to identify the remote forcing regions, mechanisms and underlying predictability of this flooding event. In particular, the study addresses the underlying causes of a persistent positive Pacific/North American (PNA) - like circulation pattern that facilitated the development of the ARs. We show that that pattern developed in late December as a result of vorticity forcing in the North Pacific jet exit region. We further provide evidence that this vorticity forcing was the result of a chain of events initiated in mid-December with the development of a Rossby wave (as a result of forcing linked to the MJO) that propagated from the northern Indian Ocean into the North Pacific. As such, both the initiation of the event and the eventual development of the PNA depended critically on internally-generated Rossby wave forcings, with the North Pacific jet playing a key role. This, combined with contemporaneous SST (La Niña) forcing that produced a circulation response in the AGCM that was essentially opposite to the positive PNA, underscores the fundamental lack of predictability of the event at seasonal time scales. Forecasts produced with the GEOS coupled model suggests that useful skill in predicting the PNA and extreme precipitation over California was in fact limited to lead times shorter than about 3 weeks.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome V, Cart. 189 (11 H 74), 316 folios, f. 0078r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: cartulaire
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome V, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 189 (11 H 74), 316 folios, f. 0078r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome V, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 189 (11 H 74), 316 folios, f. 0078r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Memories of War: The Hughes Family's Story
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: The contributor was born in 1947. She recalls that her parents’ house had an air raid shelter, which her father had dug himself. During the war, a bomb dropped on an old charter house wall in Coventry, which came through the roof of the house. The contributor's father was called Arthur Hughes; he was a Draughtsman. She recalled that a 'young man' by the name of Clive Walker (a family friend) was not injured during the war. During the war, her mother worked in a bus transport office, and her father was in the Home Guard. Additionally, her two siblings, who were alive during the war, were evacuated to Cubbington. In the 1950s, her brother worked in the RAF as a flying officer.
Magnetophononics: ultrafast spin control through the lattice
Creators: name: Fechner, M.
name: Sukhov, A.
name: Chotorlishvili, L.
name: Kenel, C.
name: Berakdar, J.
name: Spaldin, N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a combination of first-principles and magnetization-dynamics calculations, we study the effect of the intense optical excitation of phonons on the magnetic behavior in insulating magnetic materials. Taking the prototypical magnetoelectric \CrO\ as our model system, we show that excitation of a polar mode at 17 THz causes a pronounced modification of the magnetic exchange interactions through a change in the average Cr-Cr distance. In particular, the quasi-static deformation induced by nonlinear phononic coupling yields a structure with a modified magnetic state, which persists for the duration of the phonon excitation. In addition, our time-dependent magnetization dynamics computations show that systematic modulation of the magnetic exchange interaction by the phonon excitation modifies the magnetization dynamics. This temporal modulation of the magnetic exchange interaction strengths using phonons provides a new route to creating non-equilibrium magnetic states and suggests new avenues for fast manipulation of spin arrangements and dynamics.
description: 11 pages with 7 figures
Athamanta macedonien Spreng.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Apiales
Apiaceae
Athamanta
Athamanta macedonien

description: Bubon macedonicum Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 253. 1753.
"Habitat in Macedonia." RCN: 2036.
 Lectotype (Jarvis & Knees in Taxon 37: 475. 1988): Herb. Clifford: 95, Bubon 2 (BM-000558277).
 Generitype of Bubon Linnaeus (vide Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. 1: 901. 1867).
 Current name: Athamanta macedonien (L.) Spreng. (Apiaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part B), pp. 343-369 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on pages 363-364, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
A GEO-GEO Stereo Observation of Diurnal Cloud Variations over the Eastern Pacific
Creators: name: Wu, Dong L.
name: Carr, James L.
name: Friberg, Mariel D.
name: Summers, Tyler C.
name: Lee, Jae N.
name: Horváth, Ákos
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2024
Subjects: atmospheric motion vector
clouds
congestus
diurnal cycle
Ekman spiral
height assignment
planetary boundary layer
stereo height
wind shear

description: Fast atmospheric processes such as deep convection and severe storms are challenging to observe and understand without adequate spatiotemporal sampling. Geostationary (GEO) imaging has the advantage of tracking these fast processes continuously at a cadence of the 10 min global and 1 min mesoscale from thermal infrared (TIR) channels. More importantly, the newly-available GEO-GEO stereo observations from our 3D-Wind algorithm provide more accurate height assignment for atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) than those from conventional TIR methods. Unlike the radiometric methods, the stereo height is insensitive to radiometric TIR calibration of satellite sensors and can assign the feature height correctly under complex situation (e.g., multi-layer clouds and atmospheric inversion). This paper shows a case study from continuous GEO-GEO stereo observations over the Eastern Pacific during 1–5 February 2023, to highlight diurnal variations of clouds and dynamics in the planetary boundary layer (PBL), altocumulus/congestus, convective outflow and tropical tropopause layer (TTL). Because of their good vertical resolution, the stereo observations often show a wind shear in these cloud layers. As an example, the stereo winds reveal the classic Ekman spiral in marine PBL dynamics with a clockwise (counterclockwise) wind direction change with height in the Northern (Southern) Hemisphere subtropics. Over the Southeastern Pacific, the stereo cloud observations show a clear diurnal variation in the closed-to-open cell transition in the PBL and evidence of precipitation at a lower level from broken stratocumulus clouds.
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Trovafloxacin attenuates neuroinflammation and improves outcome after traumatic brain injury in mice
Creators: name: Garg, Charu
name: Seo, Joon
name: Jayalakshmi Ramachandran
name: Loh, Ji
name: Calderon, Frances
name: Contreras, Jorge
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: No detectable protein levels of MMP9, SPDBs, IgG, and CD68 in sham mice treated with trovafloxacin. Western blot analysis was performed to detect expression of SPDBs (140 and 120Â kDa), MMP9, IgG, and CD68 in sham + trovafloxacin (TVX), sham + vehicle, and CCI-injured mice treated with vehicle. Only CCI-injured mice display protein expression of MMP9, SPDB120, IgG, and CD68 at the injury site. Bottom western blots below each protein marker correspond to GAPDH levels. Each lane corresponds to samples from different animals. (DOCX 771Â kb)
Generalised contact geometry as reduced generalised complex geometry
Creators: name: Wright, Kyle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalised contact structures are studied from the point of view of reduced generalised complex structures, naturally incorporating non-coorientable structures as non-trivial fibering. The infinitesimal symmetries are described in detail, with a geometric description given in terms of gerbes. As an application of the reduction procedure, generalised coKähler structures are defined in a way which extends the Kähler/coKähler correspondence.
description: 23 pages. Exposition improved, details added, and errors corrected
Hickton Family War Service
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: The contributors' father Harold Hickton served in the Navy and met his wife Catalina in Gibraltar, where she was from, while he was serving. They married in Gibraltar and then moved to Coventry together. Harold joined the Navy in 1937 and served for 12 years in Italy, Africa, and the Atlantic on a number of ships, including the HMS Victory. He volunteered for blaster and medical testing while he served as a Chief Stoker. Catalina found the move to Britain very difficult as she spoke Spanish.The contributors' aunt Doris Hickton joined the WAAF aged 17 in June 1941. Being 'above average in intelligence' as it stated in her service book, she was posted to RAF Abingdon and then went on to Bletchley Park in October 1942, where she remained until December 1945. She worked in the station intelligence library. She never understood why she was chosen for this job. Doris befriended a Polish pilot who lodged with her parents and later wrote to her from the Stalag Luft Concentration Camp.
Cyber-Security Knowledge Graph Generation by Hierarchical Nonnegative Matrix Factorization
Creators: name: Barron, Ryan
name: Eren, Maksim E.
name: Bhattarai, Manish
name: Wanna, Selma
name: Solovyev, Nicholas
name: Rasmussen, Kim
name: Alexandrov, Boian S.
name: Nicholas, Charles
name: Matuszek, Cynthia
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence

description: Much of human knowledge in cybersecurity is encapsulated within the ever-growing volume of scientific papers. As this textual data continues to expand, the importance of document organization methods becomes increasingly crucial for extracting actionable insights hidden within large text datasets. Knowledge Graphs (KGs) serve as a means to store factual information in a structured manner, providing explicit, interpretable knowledge that includes domain-specific information from the cybersecurity scientific literature. One of the challenges in constructing a KG from scientific literature is the extraction of ontology from unstructured text. In this paper, we address this topic and introduce a method for building a multi-modal KG by extracting structured ontology from scientific papers. We demonstrate this concept in the cybersecurity domain. One modality of the KG represents observable information from the papers, such as the categories in which they were published or the authors. The second modality uncovers latent (hidden) patterns of text extracted through hierarchical and semantic non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), such as named entities, topics or clusters, and keywords. We illustrate this concept by consolidating more than two million scientific papers uploaded to arXiv into the cyber-domain, using hierarchical and semantic NMF, and by building a cyber-domain-specific KG.
Flow properties and hydrodynamic interactions of rigid spherical microswimmers
Creators: name: Adhyapak, Tapan Chandra
name: Jabbari-Farouji, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a minimal model for a rigid spherical microswimmer and explore the consequences of its extended surface on the interplay between its self-propulsion and flow properties. The model is the first order representation of microswimmers, such as bacteria and algae, with rigid bodies and flexible propelling appendages. The flow field of such a microswimmer at finite distances significantly differs from that of a point-force (Stokeslet) dipole. For a suspension of microswimmers, we derive the grand mobility matrix that connects the motion of an individual swimmer to the active and passive forces and torques acting on all the swimmers. Our investigation of the mobility tensors reveals that hydrodynamic interactions among rigid-bodied microswimmers differ considerably from those among the corresponding point-force dipoles. Our results are relevant for the study of collective behavior of hydrodynamically interacting microswimmers by means of Stokesian dynamics simulations at moderate concentrations.
title: Expanding the utility and range of quantum and polymer dots for multiplexed super resolution fluorescence imaging in plants
title: Final Progress Report
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Stacey, Gary
name: Rosenzweig, Zeev
name: Ptaszek, Marcin
name: Orr, Galya
name: Anderton, Christopher
name: Zhou, Mowei
name: Hu, Dehong
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024

description: The emission spectra of plant pigments currently limit the number of fluorescent colors that can be imaged simultaneously and, therefore, the number of cellular components that can be imaged within a single experiment. Hence, developing fluorescent tags and a microscope system that can image beyond the visible range (NIR) would greatly enhance plant imaging capabilities. Extending imaging into the NIR would support the interrogation of multiple proteins/molecules simultaneously, but would inevitably decrease spatial resolution due to the increase of the diffraction limit of light. To address this need, we propose to develop a super resolution fluorescence imaging (SRFI) platform that would allow imaging of NIR-emitting molecules, as well as quantum dots (QDs) and polymer dots (Pdots).
Squashed Holography with Scalar Condensates
Creators: name: Conti, Gabriele
name: Hertog, Thomas
name: Vreys, Yannick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the partition function of the free and interacting O(N) vector model on a two-parameter family of squashed three spheres in the presence of a scalar deformation. We also find everywhere regular solutions of Einstein gravity coupled to a scalar field in AdS and in dS with the same double squashed boundary geometry. Remarkably, the thermodynamic properties of the AdS solutions qualitatively agree with the behavior predicted by the free O(N) model with a real mass deformation. The dS bulk solutions specify the semiclassical `no-boundary' measure over anisotropic deformations of inflationary, asymptotic de Sitter space. Through dS/CFT the partition function of the interacting O(N) model yields a holographic toy model of the no-boundary measure. We find this yields a qualitatively similar probability distribution which is normalizable and globally peaked at the round three sphere, with a low amplitude for strong anisotropies.
description: 35 pages, version 2: presentation changed and comments added
Wartime Memories of Ben Whitehouse's Family
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: The contributor's sister-in-law wrote a memoir in 1991 about her time as a schoolgirl. Ilvis Factory was near her house. Her name is Janet E Manton (nee Dogget). Janet studied at Barr's Hill Grammar School, Coventry. His wife Ann Whitehouse's father, John Davis, was a recued [sic] turner. John's brother was George Davis. He died due to tonsilitis in Egypt. George was a corporal in the army. The contributor's father, Arthur Whitehouse, was a Coventry policeman and served during the blitz. He also guarded factories. He was conscripted to India for three years (1943-1946). He was posted in the military police at the Red Fort, New Delhi. He was a regimental Sergeant Major. His wife, Hilda, mothered three kids. The contributor's house was bombed. Both he and his wife Ann were born after the war, in 1947 and 1949 respectively. All these stories have been passed down.
Trophis racemosa Urb.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Moraceae
Trophis
Trophis racemosa

description: Bucephalon racemosum Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 1190. 1753.
"Habitat in America." RCN: 7400.
 Lectotype (Burger in Jarvis & al., Regnum Veg. 127: 26. 1993): [icon] " Bucephalon " in Plumier in Burman, Pl. Amer.: 55, t. 67, f. 1. 1756.
 Generitype of Bucephalon Linnaeus, nom. rej.
 Current name: Trophis racemosa (L.) Urb. (Moraceae).
 Note: Bucephalon Linnaeus, nom. rej. vs Trophis P. Browne. Burger (in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 49: 7. 1962) and Berg (in Harling & Andersson, Fl. Ecuador 60: 18. 1998) indicated 1165.1 (LINN), a post-1753 addition to the collection, as type. Burger subsequently designated a Plumier plate as lectotype.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part B), pp. 343-369 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 364, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Towards the Development of Guidance to Support Self-Employed Workers with Visual Impairments
Creators: name: Vader, Mei-Lian
Publisher: name: ACM
Year: 2024
Subjects: Human-centered computing
Accessibility
Human computer interaction (HCI)
Social and professional topics
User characteristics
People with disabilities

description: Self-employment provides a unique opportunity for a customized work experience that can be specialized for an individual's skills and career goals. In particular, individuals with disabilities benefit from the flexible and accessible work environment of self-employment. The number of self-employed workers with disabilities is a small portion of the population and the number of initiatives and resources available is inadequate. The gap between the availability of resources and the benefits of the career can be attributed to a lack of support, inaccessible technology, and societal expectations. The research described in this paper, aims to examine the experiences of self-employed workers with visual impairments and better understand the technologies, training and resources currently used, with a goal of supporting operations and interactions. Two proposed studies are described. The research aims to culminate in the development of guidance for designers and researchers interested in developing solutions to support self-employed workers with visual impairments.
Pair formation of hard core bosons in flat band systems
Creators: name: Mielke, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hard core bosons in a large class of one or two dimensional flat band systems have an upper critical density, below which the ground states can be described completely. At the critical density, the ground states are Wigner crystals. If one adds a particle to the system at the critical density, the ground state and the low lying multi particle states of the system can be described as a Wigner crystal with an additional pair of particles. The energy band for the pair is separated from the rest of the multi-particle spectrum. The proofs use a Gerschgorin type of argument for block diagonally dominant matrices. In certain one-dimensional or tree-like structures one can show that the pair is localised, for example in the chequerboard chain. For this one-dimensional system with periodic boundary condition the energy band for the pair is flat, the pair is localised.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1: of Circadian succession of molecular processes in living tissues
Creators: name: Fadda, Abeer
name: Anbari, Mohammed El
name: Ptitsyn, Andrey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: R code for the analysis of confidence in phase assignment. (PDF 66Â kb)
Frank Hayter, Royal Marines
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Frank Hayter was a Royal Marine. He served on HMS Nelson for an unknown length of time. He had a long career, and was known to have been in Turkey in 1925. He primarily served as a driver and instructor for lorry drivers.His wife's brother, whose surname was Barton, died on the Barham in 1945. Another uncle, possibly Dougie Barton, fought in Normandy in 1944 and was killed that summer. They lived in Portsmouth before and after the war, but the family was relocated to Wiltshire during the war years.
Balanced gain and loss in Bose-Einstein condensates without PT symmetry
Creators: name: Lunt, Philipp
name: Haag, Daniel
name: Dast, Dennis
name: Cartarius, Holger
name: Wunner, Günter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Balanced gain and loss renders the mean-field description of Bose-Einstein condensates PT symmetric. However, any experimental realization has to deal with unbalancing in the gain and loss contributions breaking the PT symmetry. We will show that such an asymmetry does not necessarily lead to a system without a stable mean-field ground state. Indeed, by exploiting the nonlinear properties of the condensate, a small asymmetry can stabilize the system even further due to a self-regulation of the particle number.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Comparison of attribute-based encryption schemes in securing healthcare systems
Creators: name: Walid, Redwan
name: Joshi, Karuna
name: Choi, Seung Geol
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computer science
Health policy
Health services
Information technology
Software

description: E-health has become a top priority for healthcare organizations focused on advancing healthcare services. Thus, medical organizations have been widely adopting cloud services, resulting in the effective storage of sensitive data. To prevent privacy and security issues associated with the data, attribute-based encryption (ABE) has been a popular choice for encrypting private data. Likewise, the attribute-based access control (ABAC) technique has been widely adopted for controlling data access. Researchers have proposed electronic health record (EHR) systems using ABE techniques like ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE), key policy attribute-based encryption (KP-ABE), and multi authority attribute-based encryption (MA-ABE). However, there is a lack of rigorous comparison among the various ABE schemes used in healthcare systems. To better understand the usability of ABE techniques in medical systems, we performed a comprehensive review and evaluation of the three popular ABE techniques by developing EHR systems using knowledge graphs with the same data but different encryption mechanisms. We have used the MIMIC-III dataset with varying record sizes for this study. This paper can help healthcare organizations or researchers using ABE in their systems to comprehend the correct usage scenario and the prospect of ABE deployment in the most recent technological evolution.
Constructing Neutron Stars with a Gravitational Higgs Mechanism
Creators: name: Franchini, Nicola
name: Coates, Andrew
name: Sotiriou, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In scalar-tensor theories, spontaneous scalarization is a phase transition that can occur in ultra-dense environments such as neutron stars. The scalar field develops a non-trivial configuration once the stars exceeds a compactness threshold. We recently pointed out that, if the scalar exhibits some additional coupling to matter, it could give rise to significantly different microphysics in these environments. In this work we study, at the non-perturbative level, a toy model in which the photon is given a large mass when spontaneous scalarization occurs. Our results demonstrate clearly the effectiveness of spontaneous scalarization as a Higgs-like mechanism in neutron stars.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Sutera aethiopica Kuntze 1891
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Scrophulariaceae
Sutera
Sutera aethiopica

description: Buchnera aethiopica Linnaeus, Mantissa Plantarum Altera: 251. 1771.
"Habitat in Capitis b. spei campis arenosis." RCN: 4574.
 Lectotype (Hilliard, Manuleae, Tribe Scrophulariaceae: 263. 1994): Tulbagh 171, Herb. Linn. No. 790.6 (LINN), see p. 232.
 Current name: Sutera aethiopica (L.) Kuntze (Scrophulariaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part B), pp. 343-369 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 364, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Formalizing chemical physics using the Lean theorem prover
Creators: name: P. Bobbin, Maxwell
name: Sharlin, Samiha
name: Feyzishendi, Parivash
name: Hong Dang, An
name: M. Wraback, Catherine
name: R. Josephson, Tyler
Publisher: name: Royal Society of Chemistry
Year: 2023

description: Interactive theorem provers are computer programs that check whether mathematical statements are correct. We show how the mathematics of theories in chemical physics can be written in the language of the Lean theorem prover, allowing chemical theory to be made even more rigorous and providing insight into the mathematics behind a theory. We use Lean to precisely define the assumptions and derivations of the Langmuir and BET theories of adsorption. We can also go further and create a network of definitions that build off of each other. This allows us to define a common basis for equations of motion or thermodynamics and derive many statements about them, like the kinematic equations of motion or gas laws such as Boyle's law. This approach could be extended beyond chemistry, and we propose the creation of a library of formally-proven theories in all fields of science. Furthermore, the rigorous logic of theorem provers complements the generative capabilities of AI models that generate code; we anticipate their integration to be valuable for automating the discovery of new scientific theories.
Forgotten Heroes: A Reserved Occupation Engineer
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: James, the contributor's grandfather, was an important engineer. Because of this, he stayed in the UK instead of being sent to the front; he was in reserved occupation (without a uniform). Because he was not wearing a uniform, he was known as a coward person. He was serving at the "Home Guards" when he was not busy with his engineering service. The contributor explained that the book 'They Also Serve' mentions his name only once on p.164, as he did not want his name to be mentioned several times. James served at the 39th Cheshire Battalion Home Guard. The contributor wants this story to be recorded because Home Guards are almost forgotten.
Skating on slippery ice
Creators: name: van Leeuwen, J. M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The friction of a stationary moving skate on smooth ice is investigated, in particular in relation to the formation of a thin layer of water between skate and ice. It is found that the combination of ploughing and sliding gives a friction force that is rather insensitive for parameters such as velocity and temperature. The weak dependence originates from the pressure adjustment inside the water layer. For instance, high velocities, which would give rise to high friction, also lead to large pressures, which, in turn, decrease the contact zone and so lower the friction. The theory is a combination and completion of two existing but conflicting theories on the formation of the water layer.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures Posted at SciPost
New Ideas for Brain Modelling 4
Creators: name: Greer, Kieran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper continues the research that considers a new cognitive model based strongly on the human brain. In particular, it considers the neural binding structure of an earlier paper. It also describes some new methods in the areas of image processing and behaviour simulation. The work is all based on earlier research by the author and the new additions are intended to fit in with the overall design. For image processing, a grid-like structure is used with 'full linking'. Each cell in the classifier grid stores a list of all other cells it gets associated with and this is used as the learned image that new input is compared to. For the behaviour metric, a new prediction equation is suggested, as part of a simulation, that uses feedback and history to dynamically determine its course of action. While the new methods are from widely different topics, both can be compared with the binary-analog type of interface that is the main focus of the paper. It is suggested that the simplest of linking between a tree and ensemble can explain neural binding and variable signal strengths.
Astrophysical $^{3}{\rm He}(α, γ)^{7}{\rm Be}$ and $^{3}{\rm H}(α,γ)^{7}{\rm Li}$ direct capture reactions in a potential model approach
Creators: name: Tursunov, E. M.
name: Turakulov, S. A.
name: Kadyrov, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The astrophysical $^{3}{\rm He}(α, γ)^{7}{\rm Be}$ and $^{3}{\rm H}(α, γ)^{7}{\rm Li}$ direct capture processes are studied in the framework of the two-body model with the potentials of a simple Gaussian form, which describe correctly the phase-shifts in the s-, p-, d-, and f-waves, as well as the binding energy and the asymptotic normalization constant of the ground $p_{3/2}$ and the first excited $p_{1/2}$ bound states. It is shown that the E1-transition from the initial s-wave to the final p-waves is strongly dominant in both capture reactions. On this basis the s-wave potential parameters are adjusted to reproduce the new data of the LUNA collaboration around 100 keV and the newest data at the Gamov peak estimated with the help of the observed neutrino fluxes from the Sun, $S_{34}$(23$^{+6}_{-5}$ keV)=0.548$\pm$0.054 keV b for the astrophysical S-factor of the capture process $^{3}{\rm He}(α, γ)^{7}{\rm Be}$. The resulting model describes well the astrophysical S-factor in low-energy Big Bang nucleosynthesis region of 180-400 keV, however has a tendency to underestimate the data above 0.5 MeV. Two-body potentials, adjusted on the properties of the $^7$Be nucleus, $^3{\rm He}+α$ elastic scattering data and the astrophysical S-factor of the $^{3}{\rm He}(α, γ)^{7}{\rm Be}$ direct capture reaction, are able to reproduce the properties of the $^7$Li nucleus, the binding energies of the ground 3/2$^-$ and first excited 1/2$^-$ states, and phase shifts of the $^3 {\rm H}+α$ elastic scattering in partial waves. Most importantly, these potential models can successfully describe both absolute value and energy dependence of the existing experimental data for the mirror astrophysical $^{3}{\rm H}(α, γ)^{7}{\rm Li}$ capture reaction without any additional adjustment of the parameters.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
The Hurwitz-type theorem for the regular Coulomb wave function via Hankel determinants
Creators: name: Baricz, Árpád
name: Štampach, František
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A15, 33C15, 33C10

description: We derive a closed formula for the determinant of the Hankel matrix whose entries are given by sums of negative powers of the zeros of the regular Coulomb wave function. This new identity applied together with results of Grommer and Chebotarev allows us to prove a Hurwitz-type theorem about the zeros of the regular Coulomb wave function. As a particular case, we obtain a new proof of the classical Hurwitz's theorem from the theory of Bessel functions that is based on algebraic arguments. In addition, several Hankel determinants with entries given by the Rayleigh function and Bernoulli numbers are also evaluated.
description: 11 pages
Fighting topological freezing in the two-dimensional CP$^{N-1}$ model
Creators: name: Hasenbusch, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform Monte Carlo simulations of the CP$^{N-1}$ model on the square lattice for $N=10$, $21$, and $41$. Our focus is on the severe slowing down related to instantons. To fight this problem we employ open boundary conditions as proposed by Lüscher and Schaefer for lattice QCD. Furthermore we test the efficiency of parallel tempering in a line defect. Our results for open boundary conditions are consistent with the expectation that topological freezing is avoided, while autocorrelation times are still large. The results obtained with parallel tempering are encouraging.
description: 41 pages, 8 figures; extended discussion; 2 new figures, typos corrected
Black hole shadow in an asymptotically-flat, stationary, and axisymmetric spacetime: The Kerr-Newman and rotating regular black holes
Creators: name: Tsukamoto, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shadow of a black hole can be one of the strong observational evidences for stationary black holes. If we see shadows at the center of galaxies, we would say whether the observed compact objects are black holes. In this paper, we consider a formula for the contour of a shadow in an asymptotically-flat, stationary, and axisymmetric black hole spacetime. We show that the formula is useful for obtaining the contour of the shadow of several black holes such as the Kerr-Newman black hole and rotating regular black holes. Using the formula, we can obtain new examples of the contour of the shadow of rotating black holes if assumptions are satisfied.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures, minor changes, the title is changed slightly, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Gruppe 18
Creators: name: Hegner, Jonas
name: Karunakaran, Sophia
name: von Heusinger, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social Psychology
subject: Quantitative Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Vergleich von direkter Fragstelltung und dem Crosswise-Modell beim Thema "Sexismus"
Efficient Distributed Authentication for Intelligent Transportation Systems Using Mobile Devices
Creators: name: Alshaeri, Abdulaziz
name: Younis, Mohamed
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2024
Subjects: authentication
Authentication
blockchain
Blockchains
Cryptography
Intelligent transportation systems
Message authentication
Non-repudiation
Security
Smart contracts
vehicular communications

description: Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) opt to improve safety and efficiency by internetworking vehicles, road infrastructure, pedestrians, etc. Given the ad-hoc connectivity and dynamic topology of such a network, robust authentication of member nodes is essential. The authentication process should also suit the resource constrained ITS nodes. This paper proposes an efficient approach for Distributed Authentication for ITS (DAITS). DAITS employs drivers’ mobile devices to act as verifiers, and hence message authentication is provided in an as-a-service basis for the ITS nodes. Moreover, DAITS is a certificateless system, which deploys private smart contracts in a permissioned blockchain, for certifying nodes. Furthermore, the smart contracts store authentication tokens for the ITS nodes which ensure authentication between the ITS nodes and road infrastructure. DAITS relies on lightweight security primitives such as hash function, bitwise XOR, and Hash-based Message Authentication Code (HMAC). Extensive security analysis shows that DAITS can resist various security attacks. The simulation results demonstrate that DAITS is both resource-efficient and scalable, and outperforms competing schemes in terms of computation and communication overhead, and verification delay.
A Robust and Scalable Method with an Analytic Solution for Multi-Subject FMRI Data Analysis
Creators: name: Vu, Trung
name: Yang, Hanlu
name: Laport, Francisco
name: Gabrielson, Ben
name: Calhoun, Vince D.
name: Adal?, Tulay
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2024
Subjects: blind source separation
constrained latent variable analysis
Correlation
Data analysis
Data models
Estimation
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
multi-subject fMRI analysis
Runtime
Vectors

description: ICASSP 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), 14-19 April 2024, Seoul, Republic of Korea
description: Joint blind source separation (JBSS) is a powerful framework for extracting latent sources from multiple datasets while keeping their coherence across multiple linked datasets. Algorithms for JBSS, while offering the capability of improved estimation performance, often incur high computational complexity and hence are not scalable to studies with hundreds or thousands of datasets. In this paper, we propose a simple yet efficient method for source separation that exploits both the correlation among sources within each dataset and across the datasets. The proposed method, named reference-guided component analysis (RGCA), uses source templates as references to (i) guide the separation of sources on each dataset and (ii) establish source dependence and automatically align them across the datasets. In addition, we promote independence among latent sources within each dataset by adding orthogonal constraints on the demixing vectors. The resulting optimization admits an analytic solution that enables extremely fast implementation of RGCA. Our numerical results demonstrate that RGCA obtains competitive performance while having a runtime far superior to other JBSS methods. The proposed method provides a robust and scalable solution to multi-subject functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, enabling joint analysis of thousands of subjects within a few minutes.
Measurement of spectral functions of ultracold atoms in disordered potentials
Creators: name: Volchkov, Valentin V.
name: Pasek, Michael
name: Denechaud, Vincent
name: Mukhtar, Musawwadah
name: Aspect, Alain
name: Delande, Dominique
name: Josse, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the measurement of the spectral functions of noninteracting ultracold atoms in a three-dimensional disordered potential resulting from an optical speckle field. Varying the disorder strength by 2 orders of magnitude, we observe the crossover from the "quantum" perturbative regime of low disorder to the "classical" regime at higher disorder strength, and find an excellent agreement with numerical simulations. The method relies on the use of state-dependent disorder and the controlled transfer of atoms to create well-defined energy states. This opens new avenues for experimental investigations of three-dimensional Anderson localization.
Statistical evaluation of tongue capability with visual feedback
Creators: name: Bratland, Veronica
name: Coda, Kyle
name: Merei, Mohamad
name: Ahmadian, Leila
name: Babbitt, Edna M
name: Patton, James
name: Esmailbeigi, Hananeh
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3209
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 4003
subject: Biomedical engineering

description: BACKGROUND: Analysis of tongue movement would benefit from a reference showcasing healthy tongue capability. We aimed to develop a reference of tongue capability and evaluated the role of visual feedback on the expression of movement. METHODS: Using a wireless tracking intraoral wearable device, we composed probability distributions of the tongue tip as subjects were asked to explore the entire sensing surface area. Half of the 32 subjects received live visual feedback of the location of the center of the tongue tip contact. RESULTS: We observed that the visual feedback group was 51.0% more consistent with each other in the position domain, explored 21.5% more sensing surface area, and was 50.7% more uniformly distributed. We found less consistent results when we evaluated velocity and acceleration. CONCLUSION: Visual feedback best established a healthy capability reference which can be used for designing new interfaces, quantifying tongue ability, developing new diagnostic and rehabilitation techniques, and studying underlying mechanisms of tongue motor control.
Buchnera americana Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Scrophulariaceae
Buchnera
Buchnera americana

description: Buchnera americana Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 630. 1753.
"Habitat in Virginia, Canada." RCN: 4572.
 Lectotype (Pennell in Torreya 19: 235. 1919): Clayton 142 (BM-000038178).
 Generitype of Buchnera Linnaeus (vide Green, Prop. Brit. Bot.: 168. 1929).
 Current name: Buchnera americana L. (Scrophulariaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part B), pp. 343-369 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 364, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Additional file 7: of Genetically encoded calcium indicator with NTnC-like design and enhanced fluorescence contrast and kinetics
Creators: name: D. Doronin
name: N. Barykina
name: O. Subach
name: V. Sotskov
name: V. Plusnin
name: O. Ivleva
name: E. Isaakova
name: A. Varizhuk
name: G. Pozmogova
name: A. Malyshev
name: I. Smirnov
name: K. Piatkevich
name: K. Anokhin
name: G. Enikolopov
name: F. Subach
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Supplementary Results. (PDF 131Â kb)