cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Statistical Design for Biospecimen Cohort Size in Proteomics-based Biomarker Discovery and Verification Studies
Creators: name: Mansfield, Elizabeth
name: Gail, Mitchell
name: Težak, Živana
name: Liebler, Daniel C.
name: Kinsinger, Christopher R.
name: Anderson, Leigh
name: Barnes, Grady
name: Oberg, Ann L.
name: Mesri, Mehdi
name: Rifai, Nader
name: Carr, Steven A.
name: Rodriguez, Henry
name: Wright, Ian
name: Kondratovich, Marina
name: Ransohoff, David
name: Boja, Emily S.
name: LaBaer, Joshua
name: Gillette, Michael A.
name: Skates, Steven J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Protein biomarkers are needed to deepen our understanding of cancer biology and to improve our ability to diagnose, monitor and treat cancers. Important analytical and clinical hurdles must be overcome to allow the most promising protein biomarker candidates to advance into clinical validation studies. Although contemporary proteomics technologies support the measurement of large numbers of proteins in individual clinical specimens, sample throughput remains comparatively low. This problem is amplified in typical clinical proteomics research studies, which routinely suffer from a lack of proper experimental design, resulting in analysis of too few biospecimens to achieve adequate statistical power at each stage of a biomarker pipeline. To address this critical shortcoming, a joint workshop was held by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), and American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC), with participation from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). An important output from the workshop was a statistical framework for the design of biomarker discovery and verification studies. Herein, we describe the use of quantitative clinical judgments to set statistical criteria for clinical relevance, and the development of an approach to calculate biospecimen sample size for proteomic studies in discovery and verification stages prior to clinical validation stage. This represents a first step towards building a consensus on quantitative criteria for statistical design of proteomics biomarker discovery and verification research.
Altered Tissue Metabolites Correlate with Microbial Dysbiosis in Colorectal Adenomas
Creators: name: Keku, Temitope O.
name: McCoy, Amber N.
name: Nugent, Julia L.
name: Jia, Wei
name: Addamo, Cassandra J.
name: Sandler, Robert S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Several studies have linked bacterial dysbiosis with elevated risk of colorectal adenomas and cancer. However, the functional implications of gut dysbiosis remain unclear. Gut bacteria contribute to nutrient metabolism and produce small molecules termed the “metabolome”, which may contribute to the development of neoplasia in the large bowel. We assessed the metabolome in normal rectal mucosal biopsies of 15 subjects with colorectal adenomas and 15 nonadenoma controls by liquid chromatography and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure abundances of specific bacterial taxa. We identified a total of 274 metabolites. Discriminant analysis suggested a separation of metabolomic profiles between adenoma cases and nonadenoma controls. Twenty-three metabolites contributed to the separation, notably an increase in adenoma cases of the inflammatory metabolite prostaglandin E2 and a decrease in antioxidant-related metabolites 5-oxoproline and diketogulonic acid. Pathway analysis suggested that differential metabolites were significantly related to cancer, inflammatory response, carbohydrate metabolism, and GI disease pathways. Abundances of six bacterial taxa assayed were increased in cases. The 23 differential metabolites demonstrated correlations with bacteria that were different between cases and controls. These findings suggest that metabolic products of bacteria may be responsible for the development of colorectal adenomas and CRC.
Particle quantum states with indefinite mass and neutrino oscillations
Creators: name: Lobanov, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we develop a mathematical formalism which allows obtaining oscillation formula for neutrino of any energy. We demonstrate that in the ultra-relativistic limit the results obtained in this new approach agree with the previously used phenomenological theory which is only applicable to ultra-relativistic neutrinos. To this end we do the following. The Hilbert spaces of particle states are constructed in such a way that the neutrinos are combined in a multiplet with its components being considered as different quantum states of a single particle. The same is done for the charged leptons and the down- and up-type quarks. In the theory based on the Lagrangian of the fermion sector of the Standard Model modified in accordance with this construction, the phenomenon of neutrino oscillations arises as a direct consequence of the general principles of quantum field theory. Using the example of the pion decay, when the resulting neutrino has to be ultra-relativistic, it is shown that the neutrino states produced in the decay process can be described by a superposition of states with different masses and identical canonical momenta with very high accuracy.
description: 22 pages, LaTeX. Final version
Contrastive Learning for Automotive mmWave Radar Detection Points Based Instance Segmentation
Creators: name: Xiong, Weiyi
name: Liu, Jianan
name: Xia, Yuxuan
name: Huang, Tao
name: Zhu, Bing
name: Xiang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The automotive mmWave radar plays a key role in advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and autonomous driving. Deep learning-based instance segmentation enables real-time object identification from the radar detection points. In the conventional training process, accurate annotation is the key. However, high-quality annotations of radar detection points are challenging to achieve due to their ambiguity and sparsity. To address this issue, we propose a contrastive learning approach for implementing radar detection points-based instance segmentation. We define the positive and negative samples according to the ground-truth label, apply the contrastive loss to train the model first, and then perform fine-tuning for the following downstream task. In addition, these two steps can be merged into one, and pseudo labels can be generated for the unlabeled data to improve the performance further. Thus, there are four different training settings for our method. Experiments show that when the ground-truth information is only available for a small proportion of the training data, our method still achieves a comparable performance to the approach trained in a supervised manner with 100% ground-truth information.
description: Accepted by IEEE ITSC 2022
Differential Ion Mobility Spectrometry Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry Enables Targeted Leukemia Antigen Detection
Creators: name: Dharmasiri, Udara
name: Isenberg, Samantha L.
name: Armistead, Paul M.
name: Glish, Gary L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Differential ion mobility spectrometry (DIMS) can be used as a filter to remove undesired background ions from reaching the mass spectrometer. The ability to use DIMS as a filter for known analytes makes DIMS coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (DIMS–MS/MS) a promising technique for the detection of cancer antigens that can be predicted by computational algorithms. In experiments using DIMS–MS/MS that were performed without the use of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), a predicted model antigen, GLR (FLSSANEHL), was detected at a concentration of 10 pM (20 amol) in a mixture containing 94 competing model peptide antigens, each at a concentration of 1 μM. Without DIMS filtering, the GLR peptide was undetectable in the mixture even at 100 nM. Again, without using HPLC, DIMS–MS/MS was used to detect 2 of 3 previously characterized antigens produced by the leukemia cell line U937.A2. Because of its sensitivity, a targeted DIMS–MS/MS methodology can likely be used to probe for predicted cancer antigens from cancer cell lines as well as human tumor samples.
Supplementary Figures and Parameter Table from Mosquito-borne transmission in urban landscapes: the missing link between vector abundance and human density
Creators: name: Romeo-Aznar, Victoria
name: Paul, Richard
name: Telle, Olivier
name: Pascual, Mercedes
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Table of parameters used in simulations. Supplementary Figures.
Positioning of tofacitinib in treatment of ulcerative colitis: a global perspective
Creators: name: Mishra, Shubhra
name: Jena, Anuraag
name: Kakadiya, Rinkalben
name: Sharma, Vishal
name: Ahuja, Vineet
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Tofacitinib has emerged as a useful drug for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). There is an unmet need for cost-effective, non-immunogenic drugs with a safe adverse effect profile to treat patients with ulcerative colitis. In the present review, we evaluate the available literature to inform the appropriate positioning of tofacitinib in the current drug landscape and identify subsets where its use should be done with caution. Tofacitinib is helpful in the treatment of patients where the standard conventional or biological therapies have failed or were not tolerated. With lower costs of the generic drug than the biologicals (or biosimilars), it could be an important therapy in low- to middle-income countries. The risk of infections, especially Herpes Zoster and tuberculosis, needs to be addressed before initiation. Tofacitinib should be avoided in patients with venous thromboembolism and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Due to limited evidence, the use is not recommended in pregnancy, while it should be used with caution in elderly citizens. Future trials should look into the head-to-head comparison of tofacitinib with biologicals. The role of tofacitinib in acute severe colitis needs evaluation with comparative trials with current standards of care.
Spotlite: Web Application and Augmented Algorithms for Predicting Co-Complexed Proteins from Affinity Purification – Mass Spectrometry Data
Creators: name: Goldfarb, Dennis
name: Major, Michael B.
name: Hast, Bridgid E.
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Protein-protein interactions defined by affinity purification and mass spectrometry (APMS) approaches suffer from high false discovery rates. Consequently, the candidate interaction lists must be pruned of contaminants before network construction and interpretation, historically an expensive and time-intensive task. In recent years, numerous computational methods have been developed to identify genuine interactions from hundreds revealed by APMS experiments. Here, comparative analysis of several popular algorithms revealed complementarity in their classification accuracies, which is supported by their divergent scoring strategies. As such, we used two accurate and computationally efficient methods as features for machine learning using the Random Forest algorithm. Additionally, we developed novel mathematical models to include a variety of indirect data, such as mRNA co-expression, gene ontologies and homologous protein interactions as features within the classification problem. We show that our method, which we call Spotlite, outperforms existing methods on four diverse and public APMS datasets. Because implementation of existing APMS scoring methods requires computational expertise beyond many laboratories, we created a user-friendly and fast web application for APMS data scoring, analysis, annotation and network visualization, for use on new and existing data (http://152.19.87.94:8080/spotlite). The utility of Spotlite and its visualization platform for revealing physical, functional and disease-relevant characteristics within APMS data is established through a focused analysis of the KEAP1 E3 ubiquitin ligase.
Spin Response to Localized Pumps: Exciton Polaritons Versus Electrons and Holes
Creators: name: Sacksteder, Vincent
name: Pervishko, A. A.
name: Shelykh, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polariton polarization can be described in terms of a pseudospin which can be oriented along the $x,\,y,$ or $z$ axis, similarly to electron and hole spin. Unlike electrons and holes where time-reversal symmetry requires that the spin-orbit interaction be odd in the momentum, the analogue of the spin-orbit interaction for polaritons, the so-called TE-TM splitting, is even in the momentum. We calculate and compare spin transport of polariton, electron, and hole systems, in the diffusive regime of many scatterings. After dimensional rescaling diffusive systems with spatially uniform particle densities have identical dynamics, regardless of the particle type. Differences between the three particles appear in spatially non-uniform systems, with pumps at a specific localized point. We consider both oscillating pumps and transient (delta-function) pumps. In such systems each particle type produces distinctive spin patterns. The particles can be distinguished by their differing spatial multipole character, their response and resonances in a perpendicular magnetic field, and their relative magnitude which is largest for electrons and weakest for holes. These patterns are manifested both in response to unpolarized pumps which produce in-plane and perpendicular spin signals, and to polarized pumps where the spin precesses from in-plane to out-of-plane and vice versa. These results will be useful for designing systems with large spin polarization signals, for identifying the dominant spin-orbit interaction and measuring subdominant terms in experimental devices, and for measuring the scattering time and the spin-orbit coupling's magnitude.
Thomas West - Bibliography from Thomas Summers West. 18 November 1927 — 9 January 2010.
Creators: name: Cresser, Malcolm S.
name: Edwards, Anthony C.
name: West, Thomas Lawson
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 30199 Analytical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Even before he was a teenager, Thomas West developed a love of science which rapidly evolved into a love of chemistry and especially analytical chemistry. He realized that chemical analysis and the development of more sensitive and selective methods encompassing both classical chemistry and rapid advances in instrumentation would be crucial to the advancement of many other scientific disciplines. He dedicated his life to developing novel and more powerful methods of analysis, but also to improving national and international recognition of the importance of analytical science and how it should be taught in universities. His determination and unique ability to recognize the best way to solve the constraints of existing methodologies resulted in a UK university-wide change in the status and importance of the discipline. This was done via establishment of an extraordinarily prolific research team at Imperial College in London which turned his ideas into reality, especially in atomic spectroscopy. Tom West's impact continued later as director of the world-famous Macaulay Institute in Aberdeen. He was loved and respected by all who worked with him, many of whom are now chemistry or environmental science senior faculty academics around the world. Though our loss is sad, his impact is still very much alive and will be for decades to come.
Hierarchical spin glasses in a magnetic field: A renormalization-group study
Creators: name: Castellana, Michele
name: Barbieri, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using renormalization-group (RG) methods, we study a non-mean-field model of a spin glass built on a hierarchical lattice, the hierarchical Edwards-Anderson model in a magnetic field. We investigate the spin-glass transition in a field by studying the existence of a stable critical RG fixed point (FP) with perturbation theory. In the parameter region where the model has a mean-field behavior - corresponding to $d \geq 4$ for a $d$-dimensional Ising model - we find a stable FP that corresponds to a spin-glass transition in a field. In the non-mean-field parameter region the FP above is unstable, and we determined exactly all other FPs: to our knowledge, this is the first time that all perturbative FPs for the full set of RG equations of a spin glass in a field have been characterized in the non-mean-field region. We find that all potentially stable FPs in the non-mean-field region have a nonzero imaginary part: this constitutes, to the best of our knowledge, the first demonstration for a spin glass in a field that there is no perturbative FP corresponding to a spin-glass transition in the non-mean-field region. Finally, we discuss the possible interpretations of this result, such as the absence of a phase transition in a field, or the existence of a transition associated with a non-perturbative FP.
Targeted Proteomic Quantitation of the Absolute Expression and Turnover of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator in the Apical Plasma Membrane
Creators: name: McShane, Adam J.
name: Coutermarsh, Bonita A.
name: Riordan, John R.
name: Jensen, Tim
name: Bajrami, Bekim
name: Ramos, Alex A.
name: Stanton, Bruce A.
name: Yao, Xudong
name: Wetmore, Diana
name: Joseloff, Elizabeth
name: Diego-Limpin, Pamela A.
name: Farrokhi, Vahid
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Deficient chloride transport through cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) causes lethal complications in CF patients. CF is the most common autosomal recessive genetic disease, which is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene; thus, CFTR mutants can serve as primary targets for drugs to modulate and rescue the ion channel’s function. The first step of drug modulation is to increase the expression of CFTR in the apical plasma membrane (PM); thus, accurate measurement of CFTR in the PM is desired. This work reports a tandem enrichment strategy to prepare PM CFTR and uses a stable isotope labeled CFTR sample as the quantitation reference to measure the absolute amount of apical PM expression of CFTR in CFBE 41o- cells. It was found that CFBE 41o- cells expressing wild-type CFTR (wtCFTR), when cultured on plates, had 2.9 ng of the protein in the apical PM per million cells; this represented 10% of the total CFTR found in the cells. When these cells were polarized on filters, the apical PM expression of CFTR increased to 14%. Turnover of CFTR in the apical PM of baby hamster kidney cells overexpressing wtCFTR (BHK-wtCFTR) was also quantified by targeted proteomics based on multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry; wtCFTR had a half-life of 29.0 ± 2.5 h in the apical PM. This represents the first direct measurement of CFTR turnover using stable isotopes. The absolute quantitation and turnover measurements of CFTR in the apical PM can significantly facilitate understanding the disease mechanism of CF and thus the development of new disease-modifying drugs. Absolute CFTR quantitation allows for direct result comparisons among analyses, analysts, and laboratories and will greatly amplify the overall outcome of CF research and therapy.
Oral Health Literacy Assessment: development of an oral health literacy instrument for Spanish speakers: Oral health literacy instrument for Spanish speakers
Creators: name: Zeldin, Leslie P.
name: Lee, Jessica
name: Stucky, Brian
name: Rozier, Gary
name: Lee, Shoou-Yih
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: To develop an oral health literacy instrument for Spanish-speaking adults, evaluate its psychometric properties, and determine its comparability to an English version.
(400449) John Gall
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Angular Momentum Inheritance from the Schwinger Effect in (Chromo)electromagnetic Fields
Creators: name: Copinger, Patrick
name: Hidaka, Yoshimasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The angular momentum of fermion pairs generated by the Schwinger effect is studied in homogeneous (chromo)electromagnetic fields, mimicking the early stages of a heavy-ion collision. It is demonstrated that the angular momentum density of produced pairs is proportional to that of the background fields. This is argued both heuristically in a virtual breaking condensate model by evaluating Wong's equations, and out-of-equilibrium to one-loop using the in-in formalism.
description: 28 pages, 1 figure, version accepted for publication in PTEP
Centrality dependence of high-$p_{\rm T}$ D meson suppression in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nuclear modification factor, $R_{\rm AA}$, of the prompt charmed mesons ${\rm D^0}$, ${\rm D^+}$ and ${\rm D^{*+}}$, and their antiparticles, was measured with the ALICE detector in Pb-Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.76$ TeV in two transverse momentum intervals, $5
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, authors from page 16, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/1643. Addendum to this paper published on JHEP 6 (2017) 1, also available at http://cds.cern.ch/record/2265113
Flow-matching -- efficient coarse-graining of molecular dynamics without forces
Creators: name: Köhler, Jonas
name: Chen, Yaoyi
name: Krämer, Andreas
name: Clementi, Cecilia
name: Noé, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Coarse-grained (CG) molecular simulations have become a standard tool to study molecular processes on time- and length-scales inaccessible to all-atom simulations. Parameterizing CG force fields to match all-atom simulations has mainly relied on force-matching or relative entropy minimization, which require many samples from costly simulations with all-atom or CG resolutions, respectively. Here we present flow-matching, a new training method for CG force fields that combines the advantages of both methods by leveraging normalizing flows, a generative deep learning method. Flow-matching first trains a normalizing flow to represent the CG probability density, which is equivalent to minimizing the relative entropy without requiring iterative CG simulations. Subsequently, the flow generates samples and forces according to the learned distribution in order to train the desired CG free energy model via force matching. Even without requiring forces from the all-atom simulations, flow-matching outperforms classical force-matching by an order of magnitude in terms of data efficiency, and produces CG models that can capture the folding and unfolding transitions of small proteins.
Thomas West - Bibliography from Thomas Summers West. 18 November 1927 — 9 January 2010
Creators: name: Cresser, Malcolm S.
name: Edwards, Anthony C.
name: West, Thomas Lawson
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 30199 Analytical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Even before he was a teenager, Thomas West developed a love of science which rapidly evolved into a love of chemistry and especially analytical chemistry. He realized that chemical analysis and the development of more sensitive and selective methods encompassing both classical chemistry and rapid advances in instrumentation would be crucial to the advancement of many other scientific disciplines. He dedicated his life to developing novel and more powerful methods of analysis, but also to improving national and international recognition of the importance of analytical science and how it should be taught in universities. His determination and unique ability to recognize the best way to solve the constraints of existing methodologies resulted in a UK university-wide change in the status and importance of the discipline. This was done via establishment of an extraordinarily prolific research team at Imperial College in London which turned his ideas into reality, especially in atomic spectroscopy. Tom West's impact continued later as director of the world-famous Macaulay Institute in Aberdeen. He was loved and respected by all who worked with him, many of whom are now chemistry or environmental science senior faculty academics around the world. Though our loss is sad, his impact is still very much alive and will be for decades to come.
The impact of oral health literacy on periodontal health status
Creators: name: Guthmiller, Janet M.
name: Corwin, Caleb L.
name: Wehmeyer, Meggan M. H.
name: Lee, Jessica Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The objective of this study was to describe oral health literacy (OHL) among periodontal patients and to examine its association with periodontal health status.
Anyonic Defect Branes and Conformal Blocks in Twisted Equivariant Differential (TED) K-theory
Creators: name: Sati, Hisham
name: Schreiber, Urs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We demonstrate that twisted equivariant differential K-theory of transverse complex curves accommodates exotic charges of the form expected of codimension=2 defect branes, such as of D7-branes in IIB/F-theory on A-type orbifold singularities, but also of their dual 3-brane defects of class-S theories on M5-branes. These branes have been argued, within F-theory and the AGT correspondence, to carry special SL(2)-monodromy charges not seen for other branes, but none of these had previously been identified in the expected brane charge quantization law given by K-theory. Here we observe that it is the subtle (and previously somewhat neglected) twisting of equivariant K-theory by flat complex line bundles appearing inside orbi-singularities ("inner local systems") that makes the secondary Chern character on a punctured plane inside an A-type singularity evaluate to the twisted holomorphic de Rham cohomology which Feigin, Schechtman & Varchenko showed realizes sl(2,C)-conformal blocks, here in degree 1 -- in fact it gives the direct sum of these over all admissible fractional levels. The remaining higher-degree conformal blocks appear similarly if we assume our previously discussed "Hypothesis H" about brane charge quantization in M-theory. Since conformal blocks -- and hence these twisted equivariant secondary Chern characters -- solve the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation and thus constitute representations of the braid group of motions of defect branes inside their transverse space, this provides a concrete first-principles realization of anyon statistics of -- and hence of topological quantum computation on -- defect branes in string/M-theory.
description: 31+8 pages, various figures
Open-label Trial of Lamotrigine Focusing on Efficacy in Vulvodynia
Creators: name: Steege, John
name: Zolnoun, Denniz
name: Rinaldi, Katherine
name: Leserman, Jane
name: Meltzer-Brody, Samantha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) affects 15% of women and has a high rate of psychiatric comorbidity. Vulvodynia, a vulvar pain syndrome that includes vulvar vestibulitis, is the most common subtype of CPP. This study examined the efficacy of lamotrigine for the treatment of CPP using an open-label design.
(400447) Bathie Ross
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Thermal equation of state of polarized fermions in one dimension via complex chemical potentials
Creators: name: Loheac, A. C.
name: Braun, J.
name: Drut, J. E.
name: Roscher, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a nonperturbative computation of the equation of state of polarized, attractively interacting, nonrelativistic fermions in one spatial dimension at finite temperature. We show results for the density, spin magnetization, magnetic susceptibility, and Tan's contact. We compare with the second-order virial expansion, a next-to-leading-order lattice perturbation theory calculation, and interpret our results in terms of pairing correlations. Our lattice Monte Carlo calculations implement an imaginary chemical potential difference to avoid the sign problem. The thermodynamic results on the imaginary side are analytically continued to obtain results on the real axis. We focus on an intermediate- to strong-coupling regime, and cover a wide range of temperatures and spin imbalances.
description: 14 pages, 19 figures; published version
Developmental Associations Between Adolescent Alcohol Use and Dating Aggression
Creators: name: Bauer, Daniel J.
name: McNaughton Reyes, Heathe Luz
name: Foshee, Vangie A.
name: Ennett, Susan T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: While numerous studies have established a link between alcohol use and partner violence in adulthood, little research has examined this relation during adolescence. The current study used multivariate growth models to examine relations between alcohol use and dating aggression across grades 8 through 12 controlling for shared risk factors (common causes) that predict both behaviors. Associations between trajectories of alcohol use and dating aggression were reduced substantially when common causes were controlled. Concurrent associations between the two behaviors were significant across nearly all grades but no evidence was found for prospective connections from prior alcohol use to subsequent dating aggression or vice versa. Findings suggest that prevention efforts should target common causes of alcohol use and dating aggression.
Direct and Indirect Peer Socialization of Adolescent Nonsuicidal Self-Injury
Creators: name: Giletta, Matteo
name: Burk, William J.
name: Engels, Rutger C. M. E.
name: Prinstein, Mitchell J.
name: Scholte, Ron H. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: This study examined direct and indirect forms of peer socialization of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescent friendship networks. Data were collected among 348 adolescents (55% females; Mage = 15.02 years; SD = 0.53) at 4 assessment waves. Stochastic actor-based models revealed no evidence for direct socialization of NSSI: adolescents whose friends reported higher NSSI did not increase their NSSI over time. However, indirect forms of socialization were found. After controlling for direct socialization and selection effects, friends’ depressive symptoms predicted changes in male and female adolescents’ NSSI and friends’ impulsivity predicted changes in male adolescents’ NSSI. Findings highlight the importance of extending peer influence research beyond the classical “modeling” paradigm by providing evidence that peers may indirectly socialize adolescents’ NSSI.
(400448) Margaret Gall
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Holographic model for light quarks in anisotropic hot dense QGP with external magnetic field
Creators: name: Aref'eva, Irina Ya.
name: Ermakov, Alexey
name: Rannu, Kristina
name: Slepov, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a five-dimensional twice anisotropic holographic model supported by Einstein-dilaton-three-Maxwell action describing light quarks. The first of the Maxwell fields provides finite chemical potential. The second Maxwell field serves for anisotropy, characterizing spatial anisotropy of the QGP produced in heavy-ion collisions (HIC). The third Maxwell field is related to a magnetic field that appears in HIC. The dependence of the 5-dim black hole solution and confinement/deconfinement phase diagram on this magnetic field is considered. The effect of the inverse magnetic catalyses for light quarks phase diagram is obtained. Positions of critical end points are found. We also study the behavior of the conductivity for light quarks in both isotropic and anisotropic cases and show that behaviour of the conductivity near critical points essentially depend on quark masses, meanwhile at high temperature they are similar.
description: 31 pages, 13 figures
Growing Up at the “Margins”: Concerns, Aspirations, and Expectations of Young People Living in Nairobi's Slums
Creators: name: Kabiru, Caroline W.
name: Okigbo, Chinelo
name: Beguy, Donatien
name: Mojola, Sanyu A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: We explore the concerns, challenges, aspirations, and expectations of sub-Saharan African youth, and investigate how these youth cope with neighborhood constraints to aspiration achievement. We draw on cross-sectional survey data from 4033 12-22 year olds (50.3% males) from two Kenyan urban slums and subsequent in-depth interviews conducted with a subset of 75 youth when they were 13-24 years old (45.3% male). We observe that despite the challenges characteristic of urban slums, some youth maintain high aspirations and try to achieve them through education, delinquency, residential mobility, and religion. We note that others adjust their aspirations to account for limited opportunities. Overall, our findings highlight positive youth agency and underscore the need to improve the quality of life in urban slums.
Echelle Spectroscopy of gamma-ray binary 1FGL J1018.6-5856
Creators: name: Waisberg, Idel R.
name: Romani, Roger W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed the Fermi-discovered gamma-ray binary 1FGL J1018.6-5856 at 20 epochs over 50 days using the CHIRON spectrograph, obtaining spectra at R~25,000 covering 4090-8908A. The average spectrum confirms an O6 V((f)) spectral type and extinction E(B-V) = 1.35+/-0.04. Variable absorption line equivalent widths suggest substantial contamination by wind line features. The limited S/N ratio hindered accurate continuum definition and prevented measurement of a high quality radial velocity curve. Nevertheless, the best data indicate a radial velocity amplitude <40 km/s for the He II lines and substantially lower for H I. We argue that this indicates a most likely compact object mass <2.2Msun. While black hole solutions are not excluded, a neutron star source of the gamma-ray emission seems preferred.
description: 5 figures. To appear in the Astrophysical Journal
Salty or Sweet? Nutritional Quality, Consumption, and Cost of Snacks Served in Afterschool Programs
Creators: name: Huberty, Jennifer
name: Beets, Michael W.
name: Turner-McGrievy, Gabrielle
name: Freedman, Darcy A.
name: Tilley, Falon
name: Ward, Dianne S.
name: Weaver, Robert G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Snacks served in afterschool programs (ASPs, 3–6pm) represent an important opportunity to promote healthy eating. ASP policies suggest a fruit/vegetable is served daily, while sugar-sweetened foods/beverages and artificially-flavored snacks are eliminated. Limited information exists on the types of snacks served in ASPs, if snacks meet existing nutrition policies, whether children eat the snacks, and their cost.
(400450) James Brand Gall
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary information from Strategies in times of crisis—insights into the benthic foraminiferal record of the Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum.
Creators: name: Schmidt, Daniela N.
name: Thomas, Ellen
name: Authier, Elisabeth
name: Saunders, David
name: Ridgwell, Andy
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The file contains additional figures, preservation data and measurements for all individuals
Native defects in ultra-high vacuum grown graphene islands on Cu(111)
Creators: name: Hollen, S. M.
name: Tjung, S. J.
name: Mattioli, K. R.
name: Gambrel, G. A.
name: Santagata, N. M.
name: Johnston-Halperin, E.
name: Gupta, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) study of native defects in graphene islands grown by ultra-high vacuum (UHV) decomposition of ethylene on Cu(111). We characterize these defects through a survey of their apparent heights, atomic-resolution imaging, and detailed tunneling spectroscopy. Bright defects that occur only in graphene regions are identified as C site point defects in the graphene lattice and are most likely single C vacancies. Dark defect types are observed in both graphene and Cu regions, and are likely point defects in the Cu surface. We also present data showing the importance of bias and tip termination to the appearance of the defects in STM images and the ability to achieve atomic resolution. Finally, we present tunneling spectroscopy measurements probing the influence of point defects on the local electronic landscape of graphene islands.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
FReSCO: Flow Reconstruction and Segmentation for low latency Cardiac Output monitoring using deep artifact suppression and segmentation
Creators: name: Jaubert, Olivier
name: Montalt-Tordera, Javier
name: Brown, James
name: Knight, Daniel
name: Arridge, Simon
name: Steeden, Jennifer
name: Muthurangu, Vivek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Purpose: Real-time monitoring of cardiac output (CO) requires low latency reconstruction and segmentation of real-time phase contrast MR (PCMR), which has previously been difficult to perform. Here we propose a deep learning framework for 'Flow Reconstruction and Segmentation for low latency Cardiac Output monitoring' (FReSCO). Methods: Deep artifact suppression and segmentation U-Nets were independently trained. Breath hold spiral PCMR data (n=516) was synthetically undersampled using a variable density spiral sampling pattern and gridded to create aliased data for training of the artifact suppression U-net. A subset of the data (n=96) was segmented and used to train the segmentation U-net. Real-time spiral PCMR was prospectively acquired and then reconstructed and segmented using the trained models (FReSCO) at low latency at the scanner in 10 healthy subjects during rest, exercise and recovery periods. CO obtained via FReSCO was compared to a reference rest CO and rest and exercise Compressed Sensing (CS) CO. Results: FReSCO was demonstrated prospectively at the scanner. Beat-to-beat heartrate, stroke volume and CO could be visualized with a mean latency of 622ms. No significant differences were noted when compared to reference at rest (Bias = -0.21+-0.50 L/min, p=0.246) or CS at peak exercise (Bias=0.12+-0.48 L/min, p=0.458). Conclusion: FReSCO was successfully demonstrated for real-time monitoring of CO during exercise and could provide a convenient tool for assessment of the hemodynamic response to a range of stressors.
description: 10 pages, 5 Figures, 4 Supporting Information Figures
Anmerkungen zur Restaurierung des Josephskreuzes auf dem Auerberg im Ostharz – die Gräfliche Familienheraldik von 1896
Creators: name: Conrad, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2022

description: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 57 Nr. 3 (2016): Burgen und Schlösser. Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Socioeconomic Differences in the Association Between Competitive Food Laws and the School Food Environment
Creators: name: Powell, Lisa M.
name: Robinson, Whitney R.
name: Perna, Frank M.
name: Taber, Daniel R.
name: Chriqui, Jamie F.
name: Chaloupka, Frank J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Schools of low socioeconomic status (SES) tend to sell fewer healthy competitive foods/beverages. This study examined whether state competitive food laws may reduce such disparities.
The role of giving and receiving emotional support in depressive symptomatology among older couples: An application of the actor-partner interdependence model
Creators: name: Ko, Linda K.
name: Lewis, Megan A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The present study investigated whether perception of receiving emotional support mediates the relationship between one partner’s giving of emotional support and the other partner’s depressive symptomatology using a population-based sample of 423 couples from the Changing Lives of Older Couples study. A path model was used guided by the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model. Results indicated that spouses’ giving emotional support was related to the degree to which their spouse reported receiving emotional support. Perception of receiving emotional support, in turn, was related to lower depressive symptomatology of the support recipient. Both husbands and wives can benefit from emotional support through their perception of receiving emotional support, and spouses’ perceptions, as well as their actions, should be considered in support transactions.
Acceleration of multiple precision solver for ill-conditioned algebraic equations with lower precision eigensolver
Creators: name: Kouya, Tomonori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: There are some types of ill-conditioned algebraic equations that have difficulty in obtaining accurate roots and coefficients that must be expressed with a multiple precision floating-point number. When all their roots are simple, the problem solved via eigensolver (eigenvalue method) is well-conditioned if the corresponding companion matrix has its small condition number. However, directly solving them with Newton or simultaneous iteration methods (direct iterative method for short) should be considered as ill-conditioned because of increasing density of its root distribution. Although a greater number of mantissa of floating-point arithmetic is necessary in the direct iterative method than eigenvalue method, the total computational costs cannot obviously be determined. In this study, we target Wilkinson's example and Chebyshev quadrature problem as examples of ill-conditioned algebraic equations, and demonstrate some concrete numerical results to prove that the direct iterative method can perform better than standard eigensolver.
Baryogenesis from Symmetry Principle
Creators: name: Fong, Chee Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, a formalism based on symmetry which allows one to express asymmetries of all the particles in terms of conserved charges is developed. The manifestation of symmetry allows one to easily determine the viability of a baryogenesis scenario and also to identity the different roles played by the symmetry. This formalism is then applied to the standard model and its supersymmetric extension, which constitute two important foundations for constructing models of baryogenesis.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables. Slight modifications to match the published version