cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Non-Standard Finite-Size Scaling at First-Order Phase Transitions
Creators: name: Mueller, Marco
name: Janke, Wolfhard
name: Johnston, Desmond A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We note that the standard inverse system volume scaling for finite-size corrections at a first-order phase transition (i.e., 1/L^3 for an L x L x L lattice in 3D) is transmuted to 1/L^2 scaling if there is an exponential low-temperature phase degeneracy. The gonihedric Ising model which has a four-spin interaction, plaquette Hamiltonian provides an exemplar of just such a system. We use multicanonical simulations of this model to generate high-precision data which provides strong confirmation of the non-standard finite-size scaling law. The dual to the gonihedric model, which is an anisotropically coupled Ashkin-Teller model, has a similar degeneracy and also displays the non-standard scaling.
description: Minor change of title (canonical ->standard) to match the version accepted for publication, some further explanation on numerical subtleties added, wider applicability of effect discussed, typos (hopefully) fixed, references added
Reheating the Universe Once More: The Dissipation of Acoustic Waves as a Novel Probe of Primordial Inhomogeneities on Even Smaller Scales
Creators: name: Nakama, Tomohiro
name: Suyama, Teruaki
name: Yokoyama, Jun'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a simple but robust bound on the primordial curvature perturbation in the range $10^4 {\rm Mpc}^{-1} < k < 10^5 {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$, which has not been constrained so far unlike low wavenumber modes. Perturbations on these scales dissipate the energy of their acoustic oscillations by the Silk damping after primordial nucleosynthesis but before the redshift $z \sim 2 \times 10^6$ and reheat the photon bath without invoking CMB distortions. This {\it acoustic reheating} results in the decrease of the baryon-photon ratio. By combining independent measurements probing the nucleosynthesis era and around the recombination epoch, we find an upper bound on the amplitude of the curvature perturbation over the above wavenumber range as ${\cal P}_ζ< 0.06$. Implications for super massive black holes are also discussed.
description: 3 pages, matches published version in PRL
Opinion Manipulation on Farsi Twitter
Creators: name: Farzam, Amirhossein
name: Moradi, Parham
name: Mohammadi, Saeedeh
name: Padar, Zahra
name: Siegel, Alexandra A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For Iranians and the Iranian diaspora, the Farsi Twittersphere provides an important alternative to state media and an outlet for political discourse. But this understudied online space has become an opinion manipulation battleground, with diverse actors using inauthentic accounts to advance their goals and shape online narratives. Examining trending discussions crossing social cleavages in Iran, we explore how the dynamics of opinion manipulation differ across diverse issue areas. Our analysis suggests that opinion manipulation by inauthentic accounts is more prevalent in divisive political discussions than non-divisive or apolitical discussions. We show how Twitter's network structures help to reinforce the content propagated by clusters of inauthentic accounts in divisive political discussions. Analyzing both the content and structure of online discussions in the Iranian Twittersphere, this work contributes to a growing body of literature exploring the dynamics of online opinion manipulation, while improving our understanding of how information is controlled in the digital age.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures, two appendices
Interaction Quench Induced Multimode Dynamics of Finite Atomic Ensembles
Creators: name: Mistakidis, S. I.
name: Cao, L.
name: Schmelcher, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlated non-equilibrium dynamics of few-boson systems in one-dimensional finite lattices is investigated. Starting from weak interactions we perform a sudden interaction quench and employ the numerically exact Multi-Layer Multi-Configuration time-dependent Hartree method for bosons to obtain the resulting quantum dynamics. Focusing on the low-lying modes of the finite lattice we observe the emergence of density-wave tunneling, breathing and cradle-like processes. In particular, the tunneling induced by the quench leads to a "global" density-wave oscillation. The resulting breathing and cradle modes are inherent to the local intrawell dynamics and connected to excited-band states. Moreover, the interaction quenches couple the density-wave and the cradle modes allowing for resonance phenomena. These are associated with an avoided-crossing in the respective frequency spectrum and lead to a beating dynamics for the cradle. Finally, complementing the numerical studies, an effective Hamiltonian in terms of the relevant Fock states is derived for the description of the spectral properties and the related resonant dynamics.
description: 30 pages,9 figures
Dynamics of quantum coherence in many-body localized systems
Creators: name: Chen, Jin-Jun
name: Xu, Kai
name: Ren, Li-Hang
name: Zhang, Yu-Ran
name: Fan, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the dynamics of quantum coherence serves as an effective probe for identifying dephasing, which is a distinctive signature of many-body localization (MBL). Quantum coherence can be utilized to measure both the local coherence of specific subsystems and the total coherence of the whole system in a consistent manner. Our results reveal that the local coherence of small subsystems decays over time following a power law in the MBL phase, while it reaches a stable value within the same time window in the Anderson localized (AL) phase. In contrast, the total coherence of the whole system exhibits logarithmic growth during the MBL phase and reaches a stable value in the AL phase. Notably, this dynamic characteristic of quantum coherence remains robust even with weak interactions and displays unbounded behavior in infinite systems. Our results provide insights into understanding many-body dephasing phenomena in MBL systems and propose a novel feasible method for identifying and characterizing MBL phases in experiments.
Open quantum system approach for heavy quark thermalization
Creators: name: Xie, Zhuoxuan
name: Chen, Baoyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We treat heavy quark as an open quantum system in the hot medium and rederive the Stochastic Schrödinger Equation (SSE) from the full Schrödinger equation for both heavy quarks and the medium. We apply the SSE to the dynamical evolutions of heavy quarks (as a system) in the static hot medium (as an environment). Heavy quarks interact with the medium via random scatterings, which exchange the momentum and phase factor randomly between two wave functions of the system and the environment. The exchange of momentum and phase factor results in the transition between different eigenstates of the system. These are included via an external stochastic potential in the Hamiltonian of SSE. Stochastic wave functions of heavy quarks are evolved with the stochastic external potential. The mean wave functions and the corresponding momentum distributions of heavy quarks are obtained after the ensemble average over a large set of stochastic wave functions. We present the thermalization of heavy quarks in the static medium with different coupling strength.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Piezoelectric-based apparatus for strain tuning
Creators: name: Hicks, Clifford W.
name: Barber, Mark E.
name: Edkins, Stephen D.
name: Brodsky, Daniel O.
name: Mackenzie, Andrew P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the design and construction of piezoelectric-based apparatus for applying continuously tuneable compressive and tensile strains to test samples. It can be used across a wide temperature range, including cryogenic temperatures. The achievable strain is large, so far up to 0.23% at cryogenic temperatures. The apparatus is compact and compatible with a wide variety of experimental probes. In addition, we present a method for mounting high-aspect-ratio samples in order to achieve high strain homogeneity.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
ВИРУСЛИ ГЕПАТИТ B ВА C ДА РИВОЖЛАНАДИГАН АНЕМИЯ
Creators: name: Ахмедова, Н.Ш.
name: Нуруллаева, Д.Ф.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Жигар касалликларини   аҳоли орасида кенг тарқалганлиги ва барқарор ўсиши замонавий тиббиётнинг долзарб ва жиддий муаммоларидан биридир.
Pierre Félicien Thébault (1820-1896) an Charles David Mayer-Eymar (1826-1907)
Creators: name: Thébault, Pierre Félicien
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1888

description: Brief ohne Ortsangabe, aus Rennes, mit der Nachricht, dass Elisabeth Eugenie Thébault-Mayer am Morgen gleichen Tags gestorben ist
Crossover Between Non-Markovian and Markovian Dynamics Induced by a Hierarchical Environment
Creators: name: Ma, Tiantian
name: Chen, Yusui
name: Chen, Tian
name: Hedemann, Samuel R.
name: Yu, Ting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Markovian evolution of an open quantum system can be induced by the memory effects of a reservoir. Although a reservoir with stronger memory effects may seem like it should cause stronger non-Markovian effects on the system of interest, this seemingly intuitive thinking may not always be correct. We illustrate this by investigating a qubit (a two-level atom) that is coupled to a hierarchical environment, which contains a single-mode cavity and a reservoir consisting of infinite numbers of modes. We show how the non-Markovian character of the system is influenced by the coupling strength between the qubit and cavity and the correlation time of the reservoir. In particular, we found a new phenomenon whereby the qubit Markovian and non-Markovian transition exhibits a anomalous pattern in a parameter space depicted by the coupling strength and the correlation time of the reservoir.
Prediction of time-reversal-symmetry breaking fermionic quadrupling condensate in twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Maccari, Ilaria
name: Carlström, Johan
name: Babaev, Egor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent mean-field calculations suggest that the superconducting state of twisted bilayer graphene exhibits either a nematic order or a spontaneous breakdown of the time-reversal symmetry. The two-dimensional character of the material and the large critical temperature relative to the Fermi energy dictate that the material should have significant fluctuations. We study the effects of these fluctuations using Monte Carlo simulations. We show that in a model proposed earlier for twisted bilayer graphene there is a fluctuation-induced phase with quadrupling fermionic order for all considered parameters. This four-electron condensate, instead of superconductivity, shows a spontaneous breaking of time-reversal symmetry. Our results suggest that twisted bilayer graphene is an especially promising platform to study different types of condensates, beyond the pair-condensate paradigm.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Alignment and Nonlinear Elasticity in Biopolymer Gels
Creators: name: Feng, Jingchen
name: Levine, Herbert
name: Mao, Xiaoming
name: Sander, Leonard M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We present a Landau type theory for the non-linear elasticity of biopolymer gels with a part of the order parameter describing induced nematic order of fibers in the gel. We attribute the non-linear elastic behavior of these materials to fiber alignment induced by strain. We suggest an application to contact guidance of cell motility in tissue. We compare our theory to simulation of a disordered lattice model for biopolymers. We treat homogeneous deformations such as simple shear, hydrostatic expansion, and simple extension, and obtain good agreement between theory and simulation. We also consider a localized perturbation which is a simple model for a contracting cell in a medium.
description: 5 pages, 4 Figures
Determinación de hidrocarburos clorados en tejido adiposo subcutáneo de cetáceos preservado en dimetil sulfóxido /
Creators: name: Arcega Cabrera, Flor Elisa Del Rosario
Publisher: name: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: QH545.O72 A72 1996

description: Los estudios realizados sobre la concentración de compuestos organoclorados (HCs), entre los que se encuentran los bifenilos policlorados (BPCs) y pesticidas, en tejido adiposo subcutáneo en cetáceos (TAS), hasta el presente han sido llevados a cabo en muestras de animales encontrados muertos.
A search for bottom-type vector-like quark pair production in dileptonic and fully hadronic final states in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search is described for the production of a pair of bottom-type vector-like quarks (B VLQs) with mass greater than 1000 GeV. Each B VLQ decays into a b quark and a Higgs boson, a b quark and a Z boson, or a t quark and a W boson. This analysis considers both fully hadronic final states and those containing a charged lepton pair from a Z boson decay. The products of the H $\to$ bb boson decay and of the hadronic Z or W boson decays can be resolved as two distinct jets or merged into a single jet, so the final states are classified by the number of reconstructed jets. The analysis uses data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$ collected in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC from 2016 to 2018. No excess over the expected background is observed. Lower limits are set on the B VLQ mass at 95% confidence level. These depend on the B VLQ branching fractions and are 1570 and 1540 GeV for 100% B $\to$ bH and 100% B $\to$ bZ, respectively. In most cases, the mass limits obtained exceed previous limits by at least 100 GeV.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/B2G-20-014 (CMS Public Pages)
On the Common Logical Structure of Classical and Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Oldofredi, Andrea
name: Carcassi, Gabriele
name: Aidala, Christine A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the onset of quantum mechanics, it was argued that the new theory would entail a rejection of classical logic. The main arguments to support this claim come from the non-commutativity of quantum observables, which allegedly would generate a non-distributive lattice of propositions, and from quantum superpositions, which would entail new rules for quantum disjunctions. While the quantum logic program is not as popular as it once was, a crucial question remains unsettled: what is the relationship between the logical structures of classical and quantum mechanics? In this essay we answer this question by showing that the original arguments promoting quantum logic contain serious flaws, and that quantum theory does satisfy the classical distributivity law once the full meaning of quantum propositions is properly taken into account. Moreover, we show that quantum mechanics can generate a distributive lattice of propositions, which, unlike the one of quantum logic, includes statements about expectation values which are of undoubtable physical interest. Lastly, we show that the lattice of statistical propositions in classical mechanics follows the same structure, yielding an analogue non-commutative sublattice of classical propositions. This fact entails that the purported difference between classical and quantum logic stems from a misconstructed parallel between the two theories.
description: Forthcoming in Erkenntnis
Alternative Pathways of Stellar Evolution: A Play in Several Acts
Creators: name: Mathieu, Robert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Binary star evolution
Blue stragglers

description: Invited talk at ImBaSE 2022 (Garching, Germany). A description of a decade-long observational research program defining in comprehensive detail the blue straggler populations of the open clusters NGC 188 and M67. Includes demonstration of MESA modeling of one exquisitely characterized exemplar blue straggler.
Uniform approximation and explicit estimates for the prolate spheroidal wave functions
Creators: name: Bonami, Aline
name: Karoui, Abderrazek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For fixed $c,$ Prolate Spheroidal Wave Functions (PSWFs), denoted by $ψ_{n, c},$ form an orthogonal basis with remarkable properties for the space of band-limited functions with bandwith $c$. They have been largely studied and used after the seminal work of D. Slepian and his co-authors. In several applications, uniform estimates of the $ψ_{n,c}$ in $n$ and $c,$ are needed. To progress in this direction, we push forward the uniform approximation error bounds and give an explicit approximation of their values at $1$ in terms of the Legendre complete elliptic integral of the first kind. Also, we give an explicit formula for the accurate approximation the eigenvalues of the Sturm-Liouville operator associated with the PSWFs.
Validation of FactorXa Assay for Tinzaparin Sodium and Tinzaparin Injection
Creators: name: Kalpesh Jain
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Tinzaparin anti-FXa is a chromogenic assay intended for the quantitative determination of Tinzaparin in purified solutions by measurement of factor Xa inhibition activity. The kit can be used for 100 test reactions as per microtiter plate protocol.The inhibitory effect of anti-thrombin III (AT-III) on thrombin, factor Xa and other coagulation serine proteases in plasma is increased several thousand-fold by Tinzaparin. This inhibition accounts for the anticoagulant effect of Tinzaparin. The quantitative determination of Tinzaparin levels by the measurement of their anti-Xa activity is a necessary tool for monitoring treatment efficacy. Presence of Tinzaparin catalyzes the reaction between factor Xa and AT-III. The factor Xa inhibition test is the most useful assay covering the widest variety of Tinzaparin preparations. In the assay, the rate of factor Xa inhibition is directly proportional to the Tinzaparin concentration since both factor Xa and AT-III are in excess. The residual factor Xa activity is inversely proportional to the Tinzaparin concentration.
Gravitational field of one uniformly moving extended body and N arbitrarily moving pointlike bodies in post-Minkowskian approximation
Creators: name: Zschocke, Sven
name: Soffel, Michael H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High precision astrometry, space missions and certain tests of General Relativity, require the knowledge of the metric tensor of the solar system, or more generally, of a gravitational system of N extended bodies. Presently, the metric of arbitrarily shaped, rotating, oscillating and arbitrarily moving N bodies of finite extension is only known for the case of slowly moving bodies in the post-Newtonian approximation, while the post-Minkowskian metric for arbitrarily moving celestial objects is known only for pointlike bodies with mass-monopoles and spin-dipoles. As one more step towards the aim of a global metric for a system of N arbitrarily shaped and arbitrarily moving massive bodies in post-Minkowskian approximation, two central issues are on the scope of our investigation: (i) We first consider one extended body with full multipole structure in uniform motion in some suitably chosen global reference system. For this problem a co-moving inertial system of coordinates can be introduced where the metric, outside the body, admits an expansion in terms of Damour-Iyer moments. A Poincare transformation then yields the corresponding metric tensor in the global system in post-Minkowskian approximation. (ii) It will be argued why the global metric, exact to post-Minkowskian order, can be obtained by means of an instantaneous Poincare transformation for the case of pointlike mass-monopoles and spin-dipoles in arbitrary motion.
description: 19 pages
Masked Autoencoder for Self-Supervised Pre-training on Lidar Point Clouds
Creators: name: Hess, Georg
name: Jaxing, Johan
name: Svensson, Elias
name: Hagerman, David
name: Petersson, Christoffer
name: Svensson, Lennart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Masked autoencoding has become a successful pretraining paradigm for Transformer models for text, images, and, recently, point clouds. Raw automotive datasets are suitable candidates for self-supervised pre-training as they generally are cheap to collect compared to annotations for tasks like 3D object detection (OD). However, the development of masked autoencoders for point clouds has focused solely on synthetic and indoor data. Consequently, existing methods have tailored their representations and models toward small and dense point clouds with homogeneous point densities. In this work, we study masked autoencoding for point clouds in an automotive setting, which are sparse and for which the point density can vary drastically among objects in the same scene. To this end, we propose Voxel-MAE, a simple masked autoencoding pre-training scheme designed for voxel representations. We pre-train the backbone of a Transformer-based 3D object detector to reconstruct masked voxels and to distinguish between empty and non-empty voxels. Our method improves the 3D OD performance by 1.75 mAP points and 1.05 NDS on the challenging nuScenes dataset. Further, we show that by pre-training with Voxel-MAE, we require only 40% of the annotated data to outperform a randomly initialized equivalent. Code available at https://github.com/georghess/voxel-mae
A framework for deterministic primality proving using elliptic curves with complex multiplication
Creators: name: Abatzoglou, Alexander
name: Silverberg, Alice
name: Sutherland, Andrew V.
name: Wong, Angela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11Y11 (primary), 11A51, 11G05 14K22 (secondary)

description: We provide a framework for using elliptic curves with complex multiplication to determine the primality or compositeness of integers that lie in special sequences, in deterministic quasi-quadratic time. We use this to find large primes, including the largest prime currently known whose primality cannot feasibly be proved using classical methods.
description: 22 pages
Determinación de cloro residual en las aguas de desecho de la ciudad de Ensenada y la Bahía de Todos Santos, Baja California /
Creators: name: Morales De Los Santos, JJesus
Publisher: name: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: TD196 .C5 M67 1997

description: En el verano de 1996, se realizaron muestreos instantáneos en las plantas de tratamiento del Sauzal y El Gallo, así como sus arroyos receptores.
Sparse gradient bounds for divergence form elliptic equations
Creators: name: Saari, Olli
name: Wang, Hua-Yang
name: Wei, Yuanhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide sparse estimates for gradients of solutions to divergence form elliptic partial differential equations in terms of the source data. We give a general result of Meyers (or Gehring) type, a result for linear equations with VMO coefficients and a result for linear equations with Dini continuous coefficients. In addition, we provide an abstract theorem conditional on PDE estimates available. The linear results have the full range of weighted estimates with Muckenhoupt weights as a consequence.
description: v2: writing improved all over and more details added
Cosmic Type Ia SN rate and constraints on SN Ia progenitors
Creators: name: Palicio, P. A.
name: Matteucci, F.
name: Della Valle, M.
name: Spitoni, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type Ia supernovae play a key role in the evolution of galaxies by polluting the interstellar medium with a fraction of iron peak elements larger than that released in the core collapse supernova events. Their light-curve, moreover, is widely used in cosmological studies as it constitutes a reliable distance indicator at extra-galactic scales. Among the mechanisms proposed to explain the Type Ia SNe, the single and double degenerate channels are thought to be the dominant ones, which imply a different distribution of time delays between the progenitor formation and the explosion. In this paper, we aim at determining the dominant mechanism by comparing a compilation of Type Ia SN rates with those computed from various cosmic star formation histories coupled with different delay time distribution functions, and evaluating the relative contributions of both channels. By using a least-squares fitting procedure, we model the observations of Type Ia SN rates assuming different combinations of three recent cosmic star formation rates and seven delay time distributions. The goodness of these fits are statistically quantified by the chi-squared test. For two of the three cosmic star formation rates, the single degenerate scenario provides the most accurate explanation for the observations, while a combination of 34% single degenerate and 66% double degenerate delay time distributions is more plausible for the remaining tested cosmic star formation rates. The wide double degenerate scenario mechanism slightly under-predicts the observations at redshift z>1, unless the cosmic SFR flattens in that regime. On the contrary, although the purely close double degenerate scenario can be ruled out, we cannot rule out a mixed scenario with single and double degenerate progenitors.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Crystalline Phases of Laser-Driven Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Mishra, Chinmayee
name: Ostermann, Stefan
name: Mivehvar, Farokh
name: Venkatesh, B. Prasanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although crystallization is a ubiquitous phenomenon in nature, crystal formation and melting still remain fascinating processes with several open questions yet to be addressed. In this work, we study the emergent crystallization of a laser-driven dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate due to the interplay between long-range magnetic and effectively infinite-range light-induced interactions. The competition between these two interactions results in a collective excitation spectrum with two roton minima that introduce two different length scales at which crystalline order can emerge. In addition to the formation of regular crystals with simple periodic patterns due to the softening of one of the rotons, we find that both rotons can also soften simultaneously, resulting in the formation of exotic, complex periodic or aperiodic density patterns. We also demonstrate dynamic state-preparation schemes for achieving all the found crystalline ground states for experimentally relevant and feasible parameter regimes
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
On the Use of Cherenkov Telescopes for Outer Solar System Body Occultations
Creators: name: Lacki, Brian C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imaging Atmosphere Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) are arrays of very large optical telescopes that are well-suited for rapid photometry of bright sources. I investigate their potential in observing stellar occultations by small objects in the outer Solar System, Transjovian Objects (TJOs). These occultations cast diffraction patterns on the Earth. Current IACT arrays are capable of detecting objects smaller than 100 metres in radius in the Kuiper Belt and 1 km radius out to 5000 AU. The future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will have even greater capabilities. Because the arrays include several telescopes, they can potentially measure the speeds of TJOs without degeneracies, and the sizes of the TJOs and background stars. I estimate the achievable precision using a Fisher matrix analysis. With CTA, the precisions of these parameter estimations will be as good as a few percent. I consider how often detectable occultations occur by members of different TJO populations, including Centaurs, Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs), Oort cloud objects, and satellites and Trojans of Uranus and Neptune. The great sensitivity of IACT arrays means that they likely detect KBO occultations once every O(10) hours when looking near the ecliptic. IACTs can also set useful limits on many other TJO populations.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Automorphism groups of Cayley evolution algebras
Creators: name: Costoya, Cristina
name: Muñoz, Vicente
name: Tocino, Alicia
name: Viruel, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C25, 17A36, 17D99

description: In this paper we introduce a new species of evolution algebras that we call Cayley evolution algebras. We show that if a field $k$ contains sufficiently many elements (for example if $k$ is infinite) then every finite group $G$ is isomorphic to $Aut(X)$ where $X$ is a finite-dimensional absolutely simple Cayley evolution $k$-algebra.
description: This version of the article has been accepted for publication, after peer review but is not the Version of Record and does not reflect post-acceptance improvements, or any corrections. The Version of Record is published under the Creative Commons Attribution license and can be freely dowloaded it from https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-023-01414-w
Null Infinity as a Weakly Isolated Horizon
Creators: name: Ashtekar, Abhay
name: Speziale, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Null infinity arises as a boundary of the Penrose conformal completion of an asymptotically flat physical space-time. We first note that null infinity is a weakly isolated horizon (WIH), and then show that its familiar properties can be derived from the general WIH framework. This seems quite surprising because physics associated with black hole (and cosmological) WIHs is very different from that extracted at null infinity. We show that these differences can be directly traced back to the fact that null infinity is a WIH in the conformal completion rather than the physical space-time. In particular, the BMS group at null infinity stems from the symmetry group of WIHs. In a companion paper, we obtain fluxes and charges associated with symmetries associated with both null infinity and black hole (and cosmological) horizons using a new Hamiltonian framework. The fact that is there is a single mathematical framework underlying these different situations paves the way to explore the relation between horizon dynamics in the strong field region and waveforms at infinity. It should also be useful in the analysis of black hole evaporation in quantum gravity.
description: 21 pages. At referee's suggestion version 1 of this paper was split into two papers. Consequently the current version v2 contains only the first three sections of v1. The remaining sections appear in a paper entitled "Null Infinity and Horizons: New Approach to Fluxes and Charges', arXiv:2407.03254. Both papers are at press at Phy. Rev. D
Characterization of an Enhancer Upstream of Msx3 and its Role in Development of the Neural Tube of Embryonic and Larval Zebrafish
Creators: name: Keil, Shea
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Spinal
Development
Zebrafish
Enhancer

description: The vertebrate nervous system arises during embryogenesis from an epithelial sheet of cells called the neural plate that subsequently folds to become a rod of cells called the neural tube. Several signaling pathways act on the neural progenitors of the neural tube to give rise to the diverse set of neurons and glia that will make up the spinal cord and brain in adulthood. In vertebrates, Muscle segment homeobox (Msx) genes are expressed in the dorsal neural tube during development, and pattern dorsal neural progenitors to give rise to dorsal neuronal subtypes. Additionally, Msx genes are involved in the regulation of neurogenesis and proliferation in the neural tube. In zebrafish, three msx genes are expressed in the neural tube: msx1a, msx1b, and msx3. The Akimenko lab has identified a potential enhancer of msx3 called Fragment C that drives expression in the dorsal neural tube. We hypothesized that Fragment C is a bona fide enhancer of msx3 specifically in the neural tube, and that this enhancer contributes toward proper patterning and neurogenesis/proliferation in the developing neural tube of zebrafish. To test this hypothesis, I have generated zebrafish mutants with a deletion of the Fragment C enhancer using CRISPR/Cas9 that also have a transgenic Fragment C enhancer driving reporter expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (Egfp). The deletion of Fragment C abolishes msx3 expression in the neural tube excluding the dorsal-most cells likely corresponding to the roof plate. The spatial domain in which msx3 is lost corresponds to where Fragment C drives expression in the neural tube, suggesting that Fragment C contains an enhancer of msx3. This domain of expression corresponds to where dorsal neural progenitors reside. Analysis of markers for the cells with Fragment C-driven Egfp expression shows that at least some of these cells are indeed neural progenitors, many of which give rise to neurons during embryonic and larval development. The deletion of Fragment C and loss of msx3 expression in neural progenitors did not affect the numbers of neurons or neural progenitors amongst cells with Fragment C-driven expression, nor did it affect the dorsoventral location of cells in the neural tube. Taken together, we conclude that Fragment C-driven msx3 expression does not contribute to the dorso-ventral position of neural progenitors nor the balance of proliferation and neurogenesis in the developing neural tube. However, a role for msx3 in regulating neural progenitor identity along the dorso-ventral axis without affecting progenitor position cannot be ruled out.
Effect of the twist operator in the D1D5 CFT
Creators: name: Carson, Zaq
name: Hampton, Shaun
name: Mathur, Samir D.
name: Turton, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The D1D5 CFT has been very useful in the study of black holes. The interaction in this theory involves a twist operator, which links together different copies of a free CFT. For the bosonic fields, we examine the action of this twist when it links together CFT copies with winding numbers M and N to produce a copy with winding M+N. Starting with the vacuum state generates a squeezed state, which we compute. Starting with an initial excitation on one of the copies gives a linear combination of excitations on the final state, which we also compute. These results generalize earlier computations where these quantities were computed for the special case M=N=1. Our results should help in understanding the thermalization process in the D1D5 CFT, which gives the dual of black hole formation in the bulk.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures, v3: minor clarifications
CASO PRÁTICO - CÂMARA MUNICIPAL DE LISBOA: A DIREÇÃO MUNICIPAL DE ECONOMIA E INOVAÇÃO (DMEI)
Creators: name: Rua, Orlando Lima
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Estruturas organizacionais.

description: O presente caso prático refere-se à Direção Municipal de Economia e Inovação (DMEI) da Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, apresentando os respetivos objetivos estratégicos, o organigrama, e os setores departamentais de inovação e estratégia. Este tem como principal objetivo promover a aplicação prática nas unidades curriculares de Fundamentos de Gestão Empresarial e Organização e Gestão de Empresas, respetivamente, das licenciaturas em Marketing e em Comércio Internacional ministradas no ISCAP - Instituto Superior de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto, para apoiar os alunos no desenvolvimento do tópico das estruturas organizacionais.
Directional emission of a readout resonator for qubit measurement
Creators: name: Yen, Alec
name: Ye, Yufeng
name: Peng, Kaidong
name: Wang, Jennifer
name: Cunningham, Gregory
name: Gingras, Michael
name: Niedzielski, Bethany M.
name: Stickler, Hannah
name: Serniak, Kyle
name: Schwartz, Mollie E.
name: O'Brien, Kevin P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and demonstrate transmission-based dispersive readout of a superconducting qubit using an all-pass resonator, which preferentially emits readout photons toward the output. This is in contrast to typical readout schemes, which intentionally mismatch the feedline at one end so that the readout signal preferentially decays toward the output. We show that this intentional mismatch creates scaling challenges, including larger spread of effective resonator linewidths due to non-ideal impedance environments and added infrastructure for impedance matching. A future architecture using multiplexed all-pass readout resonators would avoid the need for intentional mismatch and potentially improve the scaling prospects of quantum computers. As a proof-of-concept demonstration of "all-pass readout," we design and fabricate an all-pass readout resonator that demonstrates insertion loss below 1.17 dB at the readout frequency and a maximum insertion loss of 1.53 dB across its full bandwidth for the lowest three states of a transmon qubit. We demonstrate qubit readout with an average single-shot fidelity of 98.1% in 600 ns; to assess the effect of larger dispersive shift, we implement a shelving protocol and achieve a fidelity of 99.0% in 300 ns.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures
A reaction-diffusion model of cholinergic retinal waves
Creators: name: Lansdell, Benjamin
name: Ford, Kevin
name: Kutz, J. Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92B20

description: Prior to receiving visual stimuli, spontaneous, correlated activity called retinal waves drives activity-dependent developmental programs. Early-stage waves mediated by acetylcholine (ACh) manifest as slow, spreading bursts of action potentials. They are believed to be initiated by the spontaneous firing of Starburst Amacrine Cells (SACs), whose dense, recurrent connectivity then propagates this activity laterally. Their extended inter-wave intervals and shifting wave boundaries are the result of the slow after-hyperpolarization of the SACs creating an evolving mosaic of recruitable and refractory cells, which can and cannot participate in waves, respectively. Recent evidence suggests that cholinergic waves may be modulated by the extracellular concentration of ACh. Here, we construct a simplified, biophysically consistent, reaction-diffusion model of cholinergic retinal waves capable of recapitulating wave dynamics observed in mice retina recordings. The dense, recurrent connectivity of SACs is modeled through local, excitatory coupling occurring via the volume release and diffusion of ACh. In contrast with previous, simulation-based models, we are able to use non-linear wave theory to connect wave features to underlying physiological parameters, making the model useful in determining appropriate pharmacological manipulations to experimentally produce waves of a prescribed spatiotemporal character. The model is used to determine how ACh mediated connectivity may modulate wave activity, and how the noise rate and sAHP refractory period contributes to critical wave size variability.
description: 38 pages, 10 figures
Porciento de cobertura, talla y estado reproductivo del alga roja Chondracanthus spinosus (Kutzing) Guiry en Punta Cabras, B.C. /
Creators: name: Guadarrama Villalobos, Mayra Giovanna
Publisher: name: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: QK569 .G5 G83 1998

description: En los meses de junio, julio, octubre y diciembre de 1996 así como febrero y mayo de 1997, se estudió una población de Chondracanthus spinosus (Kutzing) Guiry, localizada en Puntas Cabras, Baja California, México.
Dryve: Autonomous cleaning of ADAS vision-based sensors in the rain
Creators: name: Adebayo, Oluwakanyinsola
name: Litong, Trisha
name: Marchioni, Francesco
name: Pang, Michael
name: Verma, Shrey
name: Wadhokar, Atharva
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Autonomous vehicles, sensors, sensor cleaning, cameras, ADAS

description: Investments in autonomous driving technology have already exceeded $200 billion, yet despite this staggering figure, driving in the rain is still an unmet need.  Current self-driving vehicles are unable to drive during unexpected showers and will simply park on the side of the road. Navigating in the rain without proper cleaning technology is very challenging, water droplets will accumulate on lenses and cause distorted visibility. The solution presented in this report, named Dryve, consists of a redesigned camera case that uses a combination of high-speed rotation, hydrophobic coating, and air blowers to keep the camera lens free of droplets.  By preventing rain droplets from accumulating on the camera lens, Dryve can strongly improve visibility and sensing accuracy.  Dryve strives to enable safe and autonomous driving during rainy conditions, hence further encouraging the mass adoption of self-driving technology.
Exciton-assisted low-energy magnetic excitations in a photoexcited Mott insulator on a square lattice
Creators: name: Tsutsui, Kenji
name: Shinjo, Kazuya
name: Sota, Shigetoshi
name: Tohyama, Takami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photoexcitation of a Mott insulator on a square lattice weakens the intensity of both single- and two-magnon excitations as observed in time-resolved resonant-inelastic X-ray scattering and time-resolved Raman scattering, respectively. However, the spectral changes in the low-energy regions below the magnons have not yet been clearly understood. To uncover the nature of the photoinduced low-energy magnetic excitations of the Mott insulator, we numerically investigate the transient magnetic dynamics in a photoexcited half-filled Hubbard model on a square lattice. After turning off a pump pulse tuned for an absorption edge, new magnetic signals clearly emerge well below the magnon energy in both single- and two-magnon excitations. We find that the low-energy excitations are predominantly created via excitonic states at the absorption edge. These exciton-assisted magnetic excitations may provide a possible explanation for the low-energy spectral weight in a recent time-resolved two-magnon Raman scattering experiment for insulating YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.1}$.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, 2 pages supplemental note with 3 figures
One-Loop Renormalizable Wess-Zumino Model on Bosonic-Fermionic Noncommutative Superspace
Creators: name: Miao, Yan-Gang
name: Wang, Xu-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a deformed Wess-Zumino model on the noncommutative superspace where the Bosonic and Fermionic coordinates are no longer commutative with each other. Using the background field method, we calculate the primary one-loop effective action based on the deformed action. By comparing the two actions, we find that the deformed Wess-Zumino model is not renormalizable. To obtain a renormalizable model, we combine the primary one-loop effective action with the deformed action, and then calculate the secondary one-loop effective action based on the combined action. After repeating this process to the third time, we finally give the one-loop renormalizable action up to the second order of Bosonic-Fermionic noncommutative parameters by using our specific techniques of calculation.
description: 48 pages, no figures; v2: 53 pages, clarifications and references added, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
СТАБИЛИЗАЦИЯ ДВИЖЕНИЯ ТОЧКИ НА  УЧАСТКАХ ПРОМЕЖУТОЧНОЙ ТЯГИ В СЛУЧАЕ ОГРАНИЧЕННОЙ ЗАДАЧИ ТРЕХ ТЕЛ
Creators: name: Хасанова, Зебо
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Найдено частное аналитическое решение вариационной задачи о движении точки (центра масс КА) в случае ограниченной задачи трех тел для промежуточных дуг тяги.  Получен линейный регулятор, обеспечивающий асимптотическую устойчивость этих заданных программных движений.