cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sources of aerosols over the South Atlantic Ocean
Creators: name: Khondoker, Roulin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: The atmosphere is an important pathway of particulate matter and their associated trace elements to the ocean and can play vital roles in marine bio-geochemical cycles. Factors that control trace element inputs from the atmosphere (e.g. solubility, sources) are not well understood, in particular for the South Atlantic Ocean. In this thesis, select major, trace and rare earth elements and the isotopes of two of the elements, lead (Pb) and neodymium (Nd), were investigated in potential sources of aerosols, and aerosol samples, from over the South Atlantic Ocean. Chapter 2 of this thesis presents new element concentration and isotopic compositions of potential source areas from South America and southern Africa, combined with previously published data to represent an up-to-date characterisation of natural and anthropogenic aerosol source areas in South America and southern Africa. Chapters 3 and 4 of this thesis present new element concentration and isotopic compositions of aerosol samples from across the 40°S transect of the South Atlantic Ocean (from the UK GEOTRACES GA10 transect). The results provide the first constraints on the elemental and isotopic composition of total and soluble fraction of aerosol samples across a zonal transect of the South Atlantic Ocean. By comparing the element and isotopic compositions of the aerosol samples to the potential source areas from South America we demonstrate that natural and anthropogenic sources from South America and southern Africa are major sources of atmospheric particulates, but of varied contribution, across the South Atlantic. Elemental and isotopic compositions of the aerosols suggest there is a strong impact of anthropogenic sources from South America on atmospheric particles delivered to the western South Atlantic and a strong influence of natural sources from South America on atmospheric particles delivered to the middle of the South Atlantic. We further demonstrate that there is an importance of anthropogenic southern African sources on aerosol composition over eastern South Atlantic as well as South American source inputs. In Chapter 4 we reveal that large ranges in trace element solubility (between <5 and >95%, generally above 40% across the ocean) in aerosols carried to the South Atlantic may be available for seawater dissolution and may have implications on marine biogeochemical cycles. Overall the present thesis underlines the important role that anthropogenic source areas can play on atmospheric composition, and provide for the first time measurements of major, trace and rare earth element availability to the surface ocean of the South Atlantic. The thesis also highlights the key role that multi-element concentrations and Pb and Nd isotopic compositions can play in deciphering the provenance of aerosols and element seawater supply.
Gravitationally Lensed muJy Radio Sources towards Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Cooray, Asantha R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy clusters are expected to gravitationally lens background radio sources. However, due to the smaller surface density of radio sources, when compared to optical galaxies, such lensed events are rare. For an example, it is expected that there is no lensed radio source due to foreground galaxy clusters in the 1.4 GHz VLA FIRST survey. However, at the $μ$Jy level, the surface density of radio sources increases. Using the radio properties of the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) galaxies, we calculate the expected number of gravitationally lensed $μ$Jy rad io sources on the sky due to foreground galaxy clusters for different cosmological models. For a flat cosmology with $Ω_m=0.3$ and $Ω_Λ=0.7$, we predict $\sim$ 1500 lensed radio sources with flux densities $\sim$ 10 to 1000 muJy at 1.4 GHz. We discuss the possibility of detecting lensed muJy radio sources towards clusters with deep radio surveys. Given the recent detection of a sub-mm selected lensed muJy radio source towards A370, it is suggested that deep radio observations of clusters should already contain such lensed sources. Aided by amplification due to gravitational lensing, the search for lensed \muJy radio sources towards clusters are likely to recover star-forming galaxies at redshifts of 1 to 3.
description: 4 pages, submitted to Astronomy and Astrophysics (Letters)
X-Vision: An augmented vision tool with real-time sensing ability in tagged environments
Creators: name: Sun, Yongbin
name: Kantareddy, Sai Nithin R.
name: Bhattacharyya, Rahul
name: Sarma, Sanjay E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present the concept of X-Vision, an enhanced Augmented Reality (AR)-based visualization tool, with the real-time sensing capability in a tagged environment. We envision that this type of a tool will enhance the user-environment interaction and improve the productivity in factories, smart-spaces, home & office environments, maintenance/facility rooms and operation theatres, etc. In this paper, we describe the design of this visualization system built upon combining the object's pose information estimated by the depth camera and the object's ID & physical attributes captured by the RFID tags. We built a physical prototype of the system demonstrating the projection of 3D holograms of the objects encoded with sensed information like water-level and temperature of common office/household objects. The paper also discusses the quality metrics used to compare the pose estimation algorithms for robust reconstruction of the object's 3D data.
description: 6 pages
The calculation of solid-liquid interface free energies from biased atomistic simulations
Creators: name: Tsang, Man Hong
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: The orientation dependence of the solid-liquid interface (SLI) free energy is an important parameter which determines orientation selection and the evolution of dendritic morphologies during the solidification of metallic melts. Atomistic simulations complemented with well-tempered metadynamics has been carried out to compute SLI free energies for the (100), (110) and (111) crystal interfaces of pure aluminium modelling using the empirical potential model of Mendelev and coworkers. The orientation dependence of the SLI free energy is known to be small, on the order of about 2%, and therefore great care was taken to quantify the accuracy of the metadynamics technique. It can be shown that significant reduction of the error can be achieved by averaging the free energy surfaces from many independent metadynamics runs. The supercell sizes considered in this work are sufficiently small to cause the observed melting temperature to deviate from the bulk melting temperature. Since the metadynamics method is susceptible to systematic errors caused by the latter temperature deviations, the interface-pinning method of locating melting points was used to locate the supercell-size dependent melting temperature and thereby eliminate this source of error. Sufficient accuracy has been achieved to resolve the finite-size contributions towards the estimated value of the SLI free energy caused by the finite dimensions of the supercells used; the values of SLI free energy obtained were found to depend strongly on both the supercell cross section and length. Attempts have been made to rationalise these finite-size effects based on the logarithmic scaling relations of Binder and Schmitz and coworkers. Estimates for the anisotropy ratio are obtained and compared with literature. Difficulties relating to the formation of twinned regions was encountered when applying the metadynamics technique to (111)-orientated supercells. The imposition of an appropriate restraining wall was found to inhibit the formation of these twins and thus allow the SLI free energy to be computed successfully. It is anticipated that the results of this study will provide an invaluable framework in any future attempt to estimate SLI free energies from small simulation cells which is a requirement perhaps necessitated by ab initio simulation.
The influence of maternal metabolic phenotype on breast milk composition and on the maternal and infant urinary metabolome
Creators: name: Andreas, Nicholas James
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: The main objective of my research is to describe the influence of maternal phenotype on human breast milk composition. My primary objective is to establish whether maternal Body Mass Index (BMI) influences breast milk metabolomic and endocrine profiles, macronutrient content, and maternal and infant urinary metabolomes. I first focused on milk sample preparation techniques prior to metabonomic analysis. Due to milk containing complex structures, such as milk lipid globules and casein micelles, it is difficult to analyse because of interference with the analytical techniques employed. I therefore optimised sample preparation methods prior to analysis. I also conducted a systematic review of all published literature relevant to the hormonal content of human milk. I investigated human milk metabolomic profiles using 1H NMR spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. I examined appetite regulating hormones using immunoassay techniques, and macronutrient content using mid infrared spectroscopy. I also investigated the metabolomic profile of mothers’ and infants urine using 1H NMR spectroscopy. My principal conclusions from this work are that breast milk metabolomic profile and macronutrient content are highly conserved across mothers, and not influenced by maternal BMI. The systematic literature review indicated that milk leptin concentration is positively correlated with maternal BMI, whilst evidence pertaining to other hormones was either inconclusive or lacking. Of particular note in the metabonomic analyses were the diverse profiles observed of Human Milk Oligosaccharides secreted into mothers’ milk. These are genetically determined, and have developmental and protective effects for infants. With regard to urinary metabolomic profiles, an association was observed between maternal BMI and maternal metabolome, but not infant urinary metabolome. Metabolites discriminating between mothers’ with different BMI were present across a range of chemical shifts, from the aromatic region associated with metabolites resulting from co-metabolism with the gut microbiota, to the aliphatic region.
Rumex acetosella subsp. multifidus Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Polygonales
Polygonaceae
Rumex
Rumex acetosella
Rumex acetosella l. subsp. multifidus (l.)

description: Rumex multifidus Linnaeus, Species Plantarum, ed. 2, 1: 482. 1762.
"Habitat in Alpibus Calabriae, Hetruriae, Orientis." RCN: 2601.
Lectotype (Löve in Bot. Helv. 93: 165. 1983): [icon] "Acetosa minor lobis multifidis" in Boccone, Mus. Piante Rar. Sicilia: 164, t. 126. 1697.
Current name: Rumex acetosella L. subsp. multifidus (L.) Schübl. & G. Martens (Polygonaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part R), pp. 785-805 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 804, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Band-edge quasiparticles from electron phonon coupling and resistivity saturation
Creators: name: Perepelitsky, E.
name: Shastry, B. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the problem of resistivity saturation observed in materials such as the A-15 compounds. To do so, we calculate the resistivity for the Hubbard-Holstein model in infinite spatial dimensions to second order in on-site repulsion $U\leq D$ and to first order in (dimensionless) electron-phonon coupling strength $λ\leq0.5$, where $D$ is the half-bandwidth. We identify a unique mechanism to obtain two parallel quantum conducting channels: low-energy and band-edge high-energy quasi-particles. We identify the source of the hitherto unremarked high-energy quasi-particles as a positive slope in the frequency-dependence of the real part of the electron self-energy. In the presence of phonons, the self-energy grows linearly with the temperature at high-$T$, causing the resistivity to saturate. As $U$ is increased, the saturation temperature is pushed to higher values, offering a mechanism by which electron-correlations destroy saturation.
description: 8 pages, 15 figures
Spectropolarimetric inversions of the Ca ii 8542 Å line in a M-class solar flare
Creators: name: Kuridze, D.
name: Henriques, V.
name: Mathioudakis, M.
name: van der Voort, L. Rouppe
name: Rodríguez, J. de la Cruz
name: Carlsson, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the M1.9 class solar flare SOL2015-09-27T10:40 UT using high-resolution full-Stokes imaging spectropolarimetry of the Ca ii 8542 Å line obtained with the CRISP imaging spectropolarimeter at the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope. Spectropolarimetric inversions using the non-LTE code NICOLE are used to construct semi-empirical models of the flaring atmosphere to investigate the structure and evolution of the flare temperature and magnetic field. A comparison of the temperature stratification in flaring and non-flaring areas reveals strong heating of the flare ribbon during the flare peak. The polarization signals of the ribbon in the chromosphere during the flare maximum become stronger when compared to its surroundings and to pre- and post- flare profiles. Furthermore, a comparison of the response functions to perturbations in the line-of-sight magnetic field and temperature in flaring and non-flaring atmospheres shows that during the flare the Ca ii 8542 Å line is more sensitive to the lower atmosphere where the magnetic field is expected to be stronger. The chromospheric magnetic field was also determined with the weak-field approximation which led to results similar to those obtained with the NICOLE inversions.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, accepted in ApJ
Rumex obtusifolius Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Polygonales
Polygonaceae
Rumex
Rumex obtusifolius

description: Rumex obtusifolius, spec. nov.
11. Rumex floribus hermaphroditis: valvulis dentatis, foliis cordato-oblongis obtusiusculis crenulatis. †
 Lapathum involucro seminis dentato, foliis obtusis ora crispula. Hall. helv. 172.
 Lapathum sylvestre, folio subrotundo, seminis involucris dentatis. Moris. hist.2. p.580.
 Lapathum folio minus acuto. Bauh. pin. 111.
 Lapathum vulgare, folio obtuso. I. B. Raj. hist. 175.
 Lapathum. Cam. epit. 228.
 Habitat in Germania , Helvetia , Gallia , Anglia . ♃    * Hermaphroditi: valvulis granulo destitutis s. nudis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 335-336, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Rumex obtusifolius subsp. obtusifolius Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Polygonales
Polygonaceae
Rumex
Rumex obtusifolius
Rumex obtusifolius l. subsp. obtusifolius

description: Rumex obtusifolius Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 335. 1753.
"Habitat in Germania, Helvetia, Gallia, Anglia." RCN: 2588.
Lectotype (Jonsell & Jarvis in Nordic J. Bot. 14: 154. 1994): Herb. Linn. No. 464.17 (LINN).
Current name: Rumex obtusifolius L. subsp. obtusifolius (Polygonaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part R), pp. 785-805 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 804, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Oxidative degradation of quinazoline in supercritical water: a combined ReaxFF and DFT study
Creators: name: Guoxing Li
name: Youjun Lu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Quinazoline (Qu) is a representative heterocyclic compound in chemical wastewater. In this work, the supercritical water oxidation of Qu is investigated using molecular dynamics simulations based on the ReaxFF reactive force field combined with density functional theory (DFT) method. The detailed reaction pathways, transformation routes of nitrogen element, and kinetic behaviours are systematically analyzed at the atomistic level. Simulation results show that the increment of temperature and O2 molecule accelerates the reaction rate and facilitates the complete destruction of Qu. The pyrimidine ring in Qu can be attacked by the OH radical, O2 molecule, and H2O molecule, thereby causing three main pathways for the pyrimidine ring-opening reaction. The aromatic ring undergoes a ring rearrangement process and opens under the attack of active O2 molecules. DFT calculations demonstrate that the supercritical water cluster can decrease the cracking energy of chemical bonds and accelerate the degradation rate of Qu. In addition, the transformation routes of nitrogen element during reaction are described. NH3 is found to be the primary N-containing product after ring-opening reactions and is an intermediate for the production of N2. Finally, the value of activation energy is obtained as 123.0 kJ/mol, which is reasonably consistent with the experimental results.
Colloidal Cu/ZnO nanocatalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol
Creators: name: Weiner, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: This thesis centres on the development of colloidal nanoparticles for the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to methanol. Chapter two focusses on the synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles through the hydrolysis of diethylzinc in the presence of sub-stoichiometric quantities of organic ligands. Characterisation of the product, through a range of spectroscopic, diffraction and electron microscopy techniques, reveals small (3-4 nm), equiaxial, mono-disperse ZnO nanoparticles coordinated to alkyl-carboxylate, phosphinate and sulfinate ligands. Detailed investigation of the dioctyl-phosphinate capped-zinc oxide nanoparticles reveals that increasing the loading of ligand into the reaction (from 0.05-0.33 equivalents of ligand to zinc) does not affect the size or morphology of the nanoparticles, rather influencing the ligand density and coverage of the nanoparticle surface. In chapter three, these partially capped ZnO nanoparticles, mixed with copper nanoparticles, demonstrate catalytic activity for CO2 hydrogenation. Post-reaction analysis showed significant nanoparticle rearrangement, with an interface forming between the copper and the ZnO. In some cases, a self-assembled nanostructure is observed, consisting of a copper nanoparticle sandwiched between two pyramidal zinc oxide nanoparticles. The ligand has a significant effect on the activity of the catalyst; more reductively stable di-alkyl phosphinate ligands show superior activity to carboxylates. Decreasing the ligand loading on the zinc oxide nanoparticles, results in a higher peak activity due to the decreased ligand density exposing more of the catalyst surface, however the stability of the catalyst is also reduced. In chapter four, the interface between nanoparticles is targeted, with the goal of depositing copper onto the ZnO colloids through reduction and thermolysis reactions to form hybrid Cu/ZnO nanostructures. The most effective route entails the hydrogenolysis of mesitylcopper(I) on to the ZnO nanoparticles, the resulting nanocatalyst displays superior peak activity to both the mixed nanoparticle catalyst described above and a suspension of the commercial catalyst run under the same conditions.
Appendix 3 to "The Status of Biological Invasions and their Management in South Africa in 2022"—Metadata for the species list
Creators: name: SANBI
name: CIB
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: SANBI and CIB 2023. Appendix 3 to "The Status of Biological Invasions and their Management in South Africa in 2022"—Metadata for the species list. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch and DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch. http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8217211

 

For more details see: http://iasreport.sanbi.org.za
For the report itself see: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8217182
Causality, randomness, and the microwave background
Creators: name: Albrecht, Andreas
name: Coulson, David
name: Ferreira, Pedro
name: Magueijo, Joao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature are being studied with ever increasing precision. Two competing types of theories might describe the origins of these fluctuations: ``inflation'' and ``defects''. Here we show how the differences between these two scenarios can give rise to striking signatures in the microwave fluctuations on small scales, assuming a standard recombination history. These should enable high resolution measurements of CMB anisotropies to distinguish between these two broad classes of theories, independent of the precise details of each.
description: uuencoded tex file and 4 postscript figure files, 8 pages. Also available at http://euclid.tp.ph/Papers/index.html; Changes: Minor changes reflect final published version
Smooth self-energy in the exact-diagonalization-based dynamical mean-field theory: Intermediate-representation filtering approach
Creators: name: Nagai, Yuki
name: Shinaoka, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method for estimating smooth real-frequency self-energy in the dynamical mean-field theory with the finite-temperature exact diagonalization (DMFT-ED). One of the benefits of DMFT-ED calculations is that one can obtain real-frequency spectra without a numerical analytic continuation. However, these spectra are spiky and strongly depend on the way to discretize a continuous bath (e.g., the number of the bath sites). The present scheme is based on a recently proposed compact representation of imaginary-time Green's functions, the intermediate representation (IR). The projection onto the IR basis acts as a noise filter for the discretization errors in the self-energy. This enables to extract the physically relevant part from the noisy self-energy. We demonstrate the method for single-site DMFT calculations of the single-band Hubbard model. We also show the results can be further improved by numerical analytic continuation.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. The main text and figures are revised
Organometallic precursors for the production of printable photovoltaic materials
Creators: name: Allinson, Matthew Robert
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: This thesis studies the synthesis of nanocrystaline inorganic electron transporting materials for printable electronic applications. The main requirements of such a synthesis method is that it takes place below 200 °C and all components are soluble in organic solvents. Firstly, the synthesis of zinc oxide in-situ in thin films of poly 3 hexylthiophene (P3HT) is developed. By dissolving P3HT and diphenylzinc together and producing thin films of the polymer- precursor blend, a ZnO:P3HT bulk heterojunction (BHJ) can be produced by annealing the film at 150 °C in an anaerobic, H2O saturated atmosphere. The BHJ morphology is characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and shown to be suitable for charge separation. Photovoltaic devices are made with a ZnO:P3HT BHJ active layer, and the J-V characteristics are studied. The peak photoconversion efficiency was 0.38%, which is 10 times higher than the control device made following a literature synthesis. This synthesis route was modified in order to attempt to make ZnS:P3HT BHJs, by producing thin films of polymer-precursor blends and exposing them to an atmosphere of H2S. This is carried out first in solution to demonstrate the feasibility of the reaction, and then on thin films both polymer-precursor blends and films of just the precursor. Films are characterised using SEM, UV-Vis and TAS. No method that annealed the films under 200 °C produced a thin film of zinc sulphide. Finally, a synthesis for producing gallium doped zinc oxide nanoparticles was developed. Diethylzinc and trimethylgallium are mixed in solution with a capping ligand, and the doped oxide is produced by the addition of H2O. The resulting nanoparticles are characterised by Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy and confirmed to be gallium doped zinc oxide nanoparticles 5 nm in diameter. These can be spin coated at room temperature to form thin films, which are characterised by SEM. Sheet resistances were unexpectedly high (>108 Ω/□), and methods for improving the nanoparticles for conductive applications are discussed.
Lyapunov analysis of strange pseudohyperbolic attractors: angles between tangent subspaces, local volume expansion and contraction
Creators: name: Kuptsov, Pavel V.
name: Kuznetsov, Sergey P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we analyze local structure of several chaotic attractors recently suggested in literature as pseudohyperbolic. The absence of tangencies and thus the presence of the pseudohyperbolicity is verified using the method of angles that includes computation of distributions of the angles between the corresponding tangent subspaces. Also we analyze how volume expansion in the first subspace and the contraction in the second one occurs locally. For this purpose we introduce a family of instant Lyapunov exponents. Unlike the well known finite time ones, the instant Lyapunov exponents show expansion or contraction on infinitesimal time intervals. Two types of instant Lyapunov exponents are defined. One is related to ordinary finite time Lyapunov exponents computed in the course of standard algorithm for Lyapunov exponents. Their sums reveal instant volume expanding properties. The second type of instant Lyapunov exponents shows how covariant Lyapunov vectors grow or decay on infinitesimal time. Using both instant and finite time Lyapunov exponents we demonstrate that specific to the pseudohyperbolicity average expanding and contracting properties are typically violated on infinitesimal time. Instantly volumes from the first subspace can sometimes be contacted, directions in the second subspace can sometimes be expanded, and the instant contraction in the first subspace can sometimes be stronger than the contraction in the second subspace.
description: 25 pages, 26 figures
Artefacts in Software Engineering: A Fundamental Positioning
Creators: name: Fernández, D. Méndez
name: Böhm, W.
name: Vogelsang, A.
name: Mund, J.
name: Broy, M.
name: Kuhrmann, M.
name: Weyer, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Artefacts play a vital role in software and systems development processes. Other terms like documents, deliverables, or work products are widely used in software development communities instead of the term artefact. In the following, we use the term `artefact' including all these other terms. Despite its relevance, the exact denotation of the term `artefact' is still not clear due to a variety of different understandings of the term and to a careless negligent usage. This often leads to approaches being grounded in a fuzzy, unclear understanding of the essential concepts involved. In fact, there does not exist a common terminology. Therefore, it is our goal that the term artefact be standardised so that researchers and practitioners have a common understanding for discussions and contributions. In this position paper, we provide a positioning and critical reflection upon the notion of artefact in software engineering at different levels of perception and how these relate to each other. We further contribute a meta model that provides a description of an artefact that is independent from any underlying process model. This meta model defines artefacts at three levels. Abstraction and refinement relations between these levels allow correlating artefacts to each other and defining the notion of related, refined, and equivalent artefacts. Our contribution shall foster the long overdue and too often underestimated terminological discussion on what artefacts are to provide a common ground with clearer concepts and principles for future software engineering contributions, such as the design of artefact-oriented development processes and tools.
description: Preprint submitted to International Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (Expert Voice) - revision
Circuit designs for superconducting optoelectronic loop neurons
Creators: name: Shainline, Jeffrey M.
name: Buckley, Sonia M.
name: McCaughan, Adam N.
name: Chiles, Jeff
name: Mirin, Richard P.
name: Nam, Sae Woo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Optical communication achieves high fanout and short delay advantageous for information integration in neural systems. Superconducting detectors enable signaling with single photons for maximal energy efficiency. We present designs of superconducting optoelectronic neurons based on superconducting single-photon detectors, Josephson junctions, semiconductor light sources, and multi-planar dielectric waveguides. These circuits achieve complex synaptic and neuronal functions with high energy efficiency, leveraging the strengths of light for communication and superconducting electronics for computation. The neurons send few-photon signals to synaptic connections. These signals communicate neuronal firing events as well as update synaptic weights. Spike-timing-dependent plasticity is implemented with a single photon triggering each step of the process. Microscale light-emitting diodes and waveguide networks enable connectivity from a neuron to thousands of synaptic connections, and the use of light for communication enables synchronization of neurons across an area limited only by the distance light can travel within the period of a network oscillation. Experimentally, each of the requisite circuit elements has been demonstrated, yet a hardware platform combining them all has not been attempted. Compared to digital logic or quantum computing, device tolerances are relaxed. For this neural application, optical sources providing incoherent pulses with 10,000 photons produced with efficiency of 10$^{-3}$ operating at 20\,MHz at 4.2\,K are sufficient to enable a massively scalable neural computing platform with connectivity comparable to the brain and thirty thousand times higher speed.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
title: ADCO, Cartulaire des Dominicains de Dijon (1286), Cart. 221 (H 53), 170 folios, f. 0186
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire des Dominicains de Dijon (1286), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 221 (H 53), 170 folios. Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire des Dominicains de Dijon (1286), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 221 (H 53), 170 folios, f. 0186, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7003
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15250518p
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/6453767
Laser nano-ablation for humidity detection
Creators: name: Sun, Lu
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Nano-scale fabrication of technical materials is one of the biggest challenges in future industrial applications. There is a growing need for components with feature sizes below one micron. The well-established techniques, including e-beam lithography and focused ion beam milling, suffer several limitations, such as expensive apparatus, low fabrication speed and small scale production. Laser nano-ablation, as an efficient implementation method, has offered promising merits in large scale nano-fabrication. First applied to polymers, it offered a one-step fabrication ability with sub-micron structuring resolution. Later, following the pioneering work of Stuke and co-workers, surface treatment of non-polymeric materials, such as crystals, metals and semiconductors was achieved using picosecond and femtosecond laser systems. In this thesis, laser nano-ablation was used to fabricate large scale nano-hole arrays on polyimide films to improve the performance of humidity sensors. A 193 nm ArF pulsed laser system was established, simulated and optically aligned. Hole arrays with 920 nm diameter at the top, 339 nm diameter at the bottom and 451 nm depth were produced using mask projection ablation on polyimide films. Interdigitated polyimide humidity sensors were fabricated, packaged and tested. Based on conformal mapping and partial capacitance, capacitance modelling of interdigitated electrode arrays was built to analyse the capacitance variations with electrode dimensions. A reliable home-made humidity chamber was established for sensor tests. Static and dynamic tests were carried out to characterize the sensor performance. Static tests showed the nano-patterned films can enhance the sensitivity by 7.1% at humidity levels below 68% RH and by 100% at humidity levels higher than 68% RH. In addition, dynamic test showed that the nano-patterned polyimide films are able to improve the response speed by about 20%. Overall, this thesis demonstrates that large-area nano-hole arrays formed by laser ablation can improve the sensitivity and response time of polyimide-based capacitive humidity sensors.
Rumex patientia Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Polygonales
Polygonaceae
Rumex
Rumex patientia

description: Rumex patientia, spec. nov.
 1. Rumex floribus hermaphroditis: valvulis integerrimis: unica granifera, foliis cordatis. Mat. med. 178.
 Lapathum hortense, folio oblongo. Bauh. pin. 114.
 Lapathum sativum. Dod. pempt. 648.
 Habitat in Italia . ♃
 Confer. Lapathum hortense latifolium. Bauh. pin. 115.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 333-334, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Structural analysis of Bacterial Glycoconjugates
Creators: name: Yang, Tiandi
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Bacterial glycoconjugates are a group of highly complex macromolecules that are deeply implicated in various biological processes. ey can be crudely divided into several subgroups mainly including bacterial glycolipids and glycoproteins. eir structural complexity once hindered the elucidation of the biological roles they are playing. Based on the development of modern chromatography, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance, research described in this thesis analysed the structures of multiple glycoconjugates such as glycolipids and glycoproteins. Lipopolysaccharides are characteristic bacterial glycolipids. e Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipid A and Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide was investigated by a combination of chemical, MS and/or NMR strategies. For the lipid A, it was proved to be modi ed by 4-amino- arabinose, which is associated with bacterial antibiotic resistance. For the lipopolysaccharide, the speci cities of mutiple putative glycosyltransferases, including HP1284, HP1283, HP1578, HP0102 and WaaL ligase, involved in its biosynthesis were characterised. e structural data suggest Helicobacter pylori WaaL ligase has a relaxed speci city in vivo that transfers an un- expected long O-antigen to a short core-oligosaccharide. In addition, our data shed light on the regulation of bacterial O-antigen biosynthesis. e heavily glycosylated mbrial-associated protein 1 of Streptococcus parasanguinis was subjected to in-depth glycomics and glycoproteomics, which helps determine the speci cities of multiple putative glycosyltransferases such as GALT1/2 and GLY. More speci cally, GALT1 was proved to be a bi-functional glycosyltransferase that transfers a glucose and an N-acetyl- glucosamine. GALT2 and GLY was deteremined to transfer a glucose and a rhamnose, respectively. Based on these conclusions, our study helps elucidate the glycosylation pathway of mbrial-associated protein 1. e recent characterisation of bacterial oligosaccharyltransferases has the potential to revolutionise the production of glycoconjugate vaccines. e putative O-linked oligosaccharyltransferases system in Burkholderia thailandensis was investigated based on a zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method, which helps expand the toolbox of glyco-engineering. By using a simpilied liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry method, multiple glycoproteins in Coxiella burnetii were semi-identi ed. During these studies, many classical chemistries were resurrected to inspire novel chemical strategies and facilitate the instrumental analysis. We hope the methods included in this thesis can contribute to further research where comprehensive structural characterisations of complex bacterial glycoconjugates are required.
Regularities in firm dynamics: the basis of the complex economy
Creators: name: Tang, Alvis Ho Ting
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: How much do we know about the dynamics of firms in the complex economy? Are there stochastic laws hidden behind the observables? The goal of this study is to supply both theoretical and empirical foundations for delivering a better understanding of how firms evolve due to the dynamics. A recent breakthrough in firm dynamics is the discovery of several statistical regularities among firms. Regardless of time, country and industry, many empirical observations have been suggesting that the distributions of several measures of firms are alike. There is a great interest in understanding the reason behind the regularities. Yet, despite years of research, a tremendous number of unknowns remain and the nature of firms is yet to be explored. This thesis will offer theoretical and empirical foundations for the future development of firm dynamics. In this work, we will focus on the detail of the statistical regularities and the universal dynamics among all business firms, with the support of an unprecedented amount of empirical data and a high-precision nonparametric probability density estimator. In particular, two regularities of the dynamics, namely failure rate and growth, will be thoroughly studied, and explanations to the observed distributions will be derived from the fundamental: the statistical properties of the empirical observations.
Rumex patientia Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Polygonales
Polygonaceae
Rumex
Rumex patientia

description: Rumex patientia Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 333. 1753.
"Habitat in Italia." RCN: 2577.
Type not designated.
Original material: [icon] in Dodoëns, Stirp. Hist. Pempt., ed. 2: 647, 648. 1616.
Generitype of Rumex Linnaeus (vide Hitchcock, Prop. Brit. Bot.: 148. 1929).
Current name: Rumex patientia L. (Polygonaceae).
Note: López González (in Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 44: 586. 1987) noted that 464.1 (LINN), treated as the type by Bhopal & Chaudhri (in Pakistan Syst. 1(2): 94. 1977), conflicts with Linnaeus’ protologue and lacks the relevant Species Plantarum number (i.e. “1”), making it a post-1753 addition to the herbarium, and not original material for the name.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part R), pp. 785-805 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 804, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Direct Engagement of TLR9 Ligand with T Helper Cells Leads to Cell Proliferation & Up-regulation of Cytokines
Creators: name: Sharma, Ravi Kumar
name: Sehgal, Shobha
name: Sachdeva, Naresh
name: Kumar, Rajendra
name: Amod Gupta
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Purpose: Toll like receptor (TLR) engagement is primarily a function of the innate immune cells. The purpose of the study was to assess direct uptake of ODN 2216 in T helper cells and effects on cell proliferation and cytokine expression. Methods: We isolated CD4+ CD25- T helper cells by magnetic sorting and studied the uptake of ODN 2216 using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. We then studied the effect of ODN 2216 engagement on cell proliferation and cytokine expression using flow cytometry and gene expression of TLR9 signaling genes using real time RT-PCR. Results: We made a chance observation that purified T helper cells from healthy individuals consistently bind to the TLR9 ligand ODN 2216. In PBMCs, on the other hand, 98% of monocytes preferentially bound to ODN 2216 FITC, indicating that they competed with the lymphocytes. We confirmed intracellular localization of ODN 2216 FITC as well as intracellular expression of TLR9 in Thelper cells. Furthermore, ODN 2216 FITC was also co-localized with the lysosomal membrane associated protein 1. The uptake of TLR9 ligand culminated in cellular proliferation, up-regulation of cytokines and increased mRNA expression of TLR9 and IRF7 in T helper cells, in the absence of antigen presenting cells. ODN 2216 uptake was inhibited by promethazine as well as by TLR9 antagonist. Conclusions: Our results show a direct engagement of TLR9 ligand in T helper cells and suggest involvement of TLR9 signalling in CD4+T cells, which may envisage novel targets for TLR inhibitors.
Cosmology with Galaxy Clusters: III. Gravitationally Lensed Arc Statistics as a Cosmological Probe
Creators: name: Cooray, Asantha R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the expected number of gravitationally lensed optical, radio and sub-mm lensed sources on the whole sky due to foreground galaxy clusters for different cosmological models. We improve previous calculations of lensed arc statistics by including redshift information for background sources and accounting for the redshift evolution of the foreground lensing clusters. The background sources are described based on the redshift and optical magnitude or flux distribution for sources in the Hubble Deep Field (HDF). Using the HDF luminosity function, we also account for the magnification bias in magnitude-limited observational programs to find lensed optical arcs. Based on the results from optical arc surveys, we find that the observed number of arcs can easily be explained in a flat universe with low values for cosmological mass density of the universe. At radio wavelengths (1.4 GHz), we predict \sim 1500 lensed radio sources with flux densities greater than 10 muJy, and with amplifications due to lensing greater than 2, in a flat cosmology with Omega=0.3 and Lambda=0.7. At sub-mm wavelengths (850 mum), the number of lensed sources expected towards the same foreground lens population and cosmology is \sim 3 x 10^4. We briefly consider the possibility of using the South Pole 10-m sub-mm telescope and the Planck surveyor to identify lensed sub-mm sources. A catalog of around 100 gravitationally lensed sources at 353 GHz may be a useful by-product of Planck. (Abridged)
description: 10 pages. A&A in press, extended to include astro-ph/9807147 (lensed radio sources) and astro-ph/9809071 (lensed sub-mm sources)
Bioenergy potentials of three Euphorbia species from Western Ghats in India
Creators: name: Vijayalekshmi Anju
name: Koranappallil Bahuleyan Rameshkumar
name: Sabulal Baby
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Bioenergy constituents of three Euphorbia species viz., Euphorbia vajravelui, E. tortilis, and E. trigona, were evaluated. These Euphorbia species showed moisture (79.5–91.9%), ash (4.06–6.80%), latex (0.08–0.26 g), oil (5.45–5.59%), polyphenol (3.12–8.39%), hydrocarbon (0.28–0.41%), carbon (42.40–44.5%), hydrogen (6.22–8.40%) contents and gross heat values (17.51–18.71 MJ/kg) comparable to other reported Euphorbia plants, energy crops and biomass sources. Thermal analyses (TG/DTG, DTA, DSC) produced comparable results. Trace elements such as Fe, Mg, K, Ca, P, Zn, Mn, Ba, Sr, Cu, Sc, and As were detected in these Euphorbia specimens. This study reveals the biomass/bioenergy potentials of these three Euphorbia species from Western Ghats, India.