cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sodium transport across the locust rectum
Creators: name: Black, Kenneth Thomas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: It was the purpose of this study to further elucidate the movements of Na⁺ across the rectal epithelia of locusts, Schistocerca gregaria. The kinetics of ²²Na absorption are investigated yielding a K[sub m] of 17.2 mM and a V[sub max] of 1.54 u Eq cm⁻² h⁻¹. The effects of a stimulant (cAMP) and inhibitors (Amiloride and Ouabain) are also investigated. cAMP (1 mM) has no effect on ²²Na flux but does cause an increase in short-circuit current (I[sub sc] ) (1.28 ± 0.12 to 4.80 ± 0.28 uEq ⁻² h⁻¹) and potential difference (P.D.). (4.4 ± 0.3 to 13.2 ± 0.8 mV) at a Na⁺ concentration of 55 mM. Amiloride (1 mM) causes a 33% reduction of ²²Na influx and a 75% reduction of net ²²Na absorption by the recta. The inhibition caused by amiloride is reversible. Ouabain has no effect on ²²Na flux at room temperature (21 °C) but causes a 37% reduction of ²²Na influx (lumen to hemocoel) at 29°C. Ouabain and amiloride have no effect on I[sub sc] or P.D. Extracts from several neuroendocrine tissues had no conclusive effect on ²²Na fluxes as tested.
Ethical AI for Social Good
Creators: name: Akula, Ramya
name: Garibay, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The concept of AI for Social Good(AI4SG) is gaining momentum in both information societies and the AI community. Through all the advancement of AI-based solutions, it can solve societal issues effectively. To date, however, there is only a rudimentary grasp of what constitutes AI socially beneficial in principle, what constitutes AI4SG in reality, and what are the policies and regulations needed to ensure it. This paper fills the vacuum by addressing the ethical aspects that are critical for future AI4SG efforts. Some of these characteristics are new to AI, while others have greater importance due to its usage.
Spin alignment of dark matter haloes in the shells of the largest voids
Creators: name: Cuesta, A. J.
name: Betancort-Rijo, J. E.
name: Gottloeber, S.
name: Patiri, S. G.
name: Yepes, G.
name: Prada, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the high resolution cosmological N-body simulation MareNostrum Universe we study the orientation of shape and angular momentum of galaxy-size dark matter haloes around large voids. We find that haloes located on the shells of the largest cosmic voids have angular momenta that tend to be preferentially perpendicular to the direction that joins the centre of the halo and the centre of the void. This alignment has been found in spiral galaxies around voids using galaxy redshift surveys. We measure for the first time the strength of this alignment, showing how it falls off with increasing distance to the centre of the void. We also confirm the correlation between the intensity of this alignment and the halo mass. The analysis of the orientation of the halo main axes confirms the results of previous works. Moreover, we find a similar alignment for the baryonic matter inside dark matter haloes, which is much stronger in their inner parts.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Text updated and 2 figures added to match the accepted version
Balance control of children and adolescents suffering from vertigo symptoms: in what way posturography is helpful in clinical evaluation of vestibular system pathology?
Creators: name: Szczerbik, Ewa
name: Iwanicka-Pronicka, Katarzyna
name: Syczewska, Małgorzata
name: Kalinowska, Małgorzata
name: Graff, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: Institute of Machine Design and Operation, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2019
Subjects: children, vertigo, balance, stable surface

description: Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 01/2019; ISSN 1509-409X
Evidence for Quasar Activity Triggered by Galaxy Mergers in HST Observations of Dust-reddened Quasars
Creators: name: Urrutia, Tanya
name: Lacy, Mark
name: Becker, Robert H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Hubble ACS images of thirteen dust reddened Type-1 quasars selected from the FIRST/2MASS Red Quasar Survey. These quasars have high intrinsic luminosities after correction for dust obscuration (-23.5 > M_B > -26.2 from K-magnitude). The images show strong evidence of recent or ongoing interaction in eleven of the thirteen cases, even before the quasar nucleus is subtracted. None of the host galaxies are well fit by a simple elliptical profile. The fraction of quasars showing interaction is significantly higher than the 30% seen in samples of host galaxies of normal, unobscured quasars. There is a weak correlation between the amount of dust reddening and the magnitude of interaction in the host galaxy, measured using the Gini coefficient and the Concentration index. Although few host galaxy studies of normal quasars are matched to ours in intrinsic quasar luminosity, no evidence has been found for a strong dependence of merger activity on host luminosity in samples of the host galaxies of normal quasars. We thus believe that the high merger fraction in our sample is related to their obscured nature, with a significant amount of reddening occurring in the host galaxy. The red quasar phenomenon seems to have an evolutionary explanation, with the young quasar spending the early part of its lifetime enshrouded in an interacting galaxy. This might be further indication of a link between AGN and starburst galaxies.
description: 18 pages, 6 low resolution figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
The nonlinear dynamics of a bistable energy harvesting system with colored noise disturbances
Creators: name: Lopes, Vinicius Gonçalves
name: Peterson, João Victor L. L.
name: Cunha, Americo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.6.6
subject: 37N15

description: This paper deals with the nonlinear stochastic dynamics of a piezoelectric energy harvesting system subjected to a harmonic external excitation disturbed by Gaussian colored noise. A parametric analysis is conducted, where the effects of the standard deviation and the correlation time of colored noise on the system response are investigated. The numerical results suggest a strong influence of noise on the system response for higher values of correlation time and standard deviation, and a low (noise level independent) influence for low values of correlation time.
Stabilometric profile of handstand technique in male gymnasts
Creators: name: Sobera, Małgorzata
name: Serafin, Ryszard
name: Rutkowska-Kucharska, Alicja
Publisher: name: Institute of Machine Design and Operation, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2019
Subjects: postural control, acrobatic gymnastics, handstand, males

description: Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 01/2019; ISSN 1509-409X
Hamiltonian Systems Inspired by the Schrödinger Equation
Creators: name: Kovalchuk, Vasyl
name: Slawianowski, Jan Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Described is n-level quantum system realized in the n-dimensional ''Hilbert'' space H with the scalar product G taken as a dynamical variable. The most general Lagrangian for the wave function and G is considered. Equations of motion and conservation laws are obtained. Special cases for the free evolution of the wave function with fixed G and the pure dynamics of G are calculated. The usual, first- and second-order modified Schrödinger equations are obtained.
description: This is a contribution to the Proc. of the Seventh International Conference ''Symmetry in Nonlinear Mathematical Physics'' (June 24-30, 2007, Kyiv, Ukraine), published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
Tunneling spectroscopy of persistent currents in superconducting microrings
Creators: name: Arutyunov, K. Yu.
name: Hongisto, T. T.
name: Vodolazov, D. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that in a structure consisting of a superconducting ring-shaped electrode overlapped by a normal metal contact through a thin oxide barrier, measurements of the tunnel current in magnetic field can probe persistent currents in the ring. The effect manifests itself as periodic oscillations of the tunnel current through the junction at a fixed bias voltage as function of perpendicular magnetic field. The magnitude of oscillations depends on bias point. It reaches maximum at energy eV which is close to the superconducting gap and decreases with increase of temperature. The period of oscillations dF in units of magnetic flux is equal neither to h/e nor to h/2e, but significantly exceeds these values for larger loop circumferences. The phenomenon is explained by formation of metastable states with large vorticity. The pairing potential and the superconducting density of states are periodically modulated by the persistent currents at sub-critical values resulting in corresponding variations of the measured tunnel current.
description: 3 text pages, 1 page figure captions, 4 figures (one per page)
Audit and Assurance of AI Algorithms: A framework to ensure ethical algorithmic practices in Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Akula, Ramya
name: Garibay, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Algorithms are becoming more widely used in business, and businesses are becoming increasingly concerned that their algorithms will cause significant reputational or financial damage. We should emphasize that any of these damages stem from situations in which the United States lacks strict legislative prohibitions or specified protocols for measuring damages. As a result, governments are enacting legislation and enforcing prohibitions, regulators are fining businesses, and the judiciary is debating whether or not to make artificially intelligent computer models as the decision-makers in the eyes of the law. From autonomous vehicles and banking to medical care, housing, and legal decisions, there will soon be enormous amounts of algorithms that make decisions with limited human interference. Governments, businesses, and society would have an algorithm audit, which would have systematic verification that algorithms are lawful, ethical, and secure, similar to financial audits. A modern market, auditing, and assurance of algorithms developed to professionalize and industrialize AI, machine learning, and related algorithms. Stakeholders of this emerging field include policymakers and regulators, along with industry experts and entrepreneurs. In addition, we foresee audit thresholds and frameworks providing valuable information to all who are concerned with governance and standardization. This paper aims to review the critical areas required for auditing and assurance and spark discussion in this novel field of study and practice.
Pulsations of the Low Mass ZZ Ceti Star HS 1824+6000
Creators: name: Steinfadt, Justin D. R.
name: Bildsten, Lars
name: Ofek, Eran O.
name: Kulkarni, Shri R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measuring g-mode pulsations of isolated white dwarfs can reveal their interior properties to high precision. With a spectroscopic mass of ~0.51 M_{\odot} (log g = 7.82), the DAV white dwarf HS 1824+6000 is near the transition between carbon/oxygen core and helium core white dwarfs, motivating our photometric search for additional pulsations from the Palomar 60-inch telescope. We confirmed (with much greater precision) the three frequencies: 2.751190 +/- 0.000010 mHz (363.479 sec), 3.116709 +/- 0.000006 mHz (320.851 sec), 3.495113 +/- 0.000009 mHz (286.114 sec), previously found by B. Voss and collaborators, and found an additional pulsation at 4.443120 +/- 0.000012 mHz (225.067 sec). These observed frequencies are similar to those found in other ZZ Ceti white dwarfs of comparable mass (e.g. log g < 8). We hope that future observations of much lower mass ZZ Ceti stars (< 0.4 M_{\odot}) will reveal pulsational differences attributable to a hydrogen covered helium core.
description: 8 Pages; 4 Figures; Accepted to PASP (scheduled to appear in October issue)
Lick Indices in the Thin and Thick Disks of Edge-On Disk Galaxies
Creators: name: Yoachim, Peter
name: Dalcanton, Julianne J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured Lick index equivalent widths to derive luminosity weighted stellar ages and metallicities for thin and thick disk dominated regions of 9 edge-on disk galaxies with the ARC 3.5 meter telescope at Apache Point Observatory. In all cases, the thick disks are confirmed to be old stellar populations, with typical ages between 4 and 10 Gyr. The thin disks are uniformly younger than the thick disks, and show strong radial age gradients, with the outer regions of the disks being younger than 1 Gyr. We do not detect any significant metallicity differences or alpha-element enhancement in the thick disk stars compared to the thin disk, due to the insensitivity of the Lick indices to these differences at low metallicity. We compare these results to thick disks measured in other systems and to predictions from thick disk formation models.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Measuring Domain Knowledge for Early Prediction of Student Performance: A Semantic Approach
Creators: name: Khan, Anupam
name: Ghosh, Sourav
name: Ghosh, Soumya K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The growing popularity of data mining catalyses the researchers to explore various exciting aspects of education. Early prediction of student performance is an emerging area among them. The researchers have used various predictors in performance modelling studies. Although prior cognition can affect student performance, establishing their relationship is still an open research challenge. Quantifying the knowledge from readily available data is the major challenge here. We have proposed a semantic approach for this purpose. Association mining on nearly 0.35 million observations establishes that prior cognition impacts the student performance. The proposed approach of measuring domain knowledge can help the early performance modelling studies to use it as a predictor.
description: Published in 2020 IEEE International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE). 8 pages, 5 figures (includes 16 plots). Accessible at https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9368439
The Ricci iteration and its applications
Creators: name: Rubinstein, Yanir A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32W20; 14J45, 32Q20, 53C25, 58E11

description: In this Note we introduce and study dynamical systems related to the Ricci operator on the space of Kahler metrics as discretizations of certain geometric flows. We pose a conjecture on their convergence towards canonical Kahler metrics and study the case where the first Chern class is negative, zero or positive. This construction has several applications in Kahler geometry, among them an answer to a question of Nadel and a construction of multiplier ideal sheaves.
description: v2: shortened introduction. v3: corrected some typos. v4: shortened to fit in C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris
A descriptive survey of the health behaviors of prenatal class attenders
Creators: name: Kiss, Linda Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A descriptive survey was conducted on 220 prenatal class attenders to identify their health behaviors with regard to smoking, intake of alcohol, non-prescription drugs, caffeine, and diet. The reported changes and factors which influenced the changes in health behaviors were also investigated. Data were collected utilizing two questionnaires, one administered early in pregnancy, the other later in pregnancy. Findings indicated that 15% of the pregnant women smoked, 48% consumed alcohol, 40% used non-prescription drugs other than prenatal vitamins, 89% consumed tea, coffee or colas, and 81% had diets which did not meet the minimum requirements of Canada's Food Guide. Most respondents reported a change in health behaviors during pregnancy. Major influences on changing behaviors were own personal knowledge, books, magazines and pamphlets, change in craving, and doctor. Pregnant women who smoked during pregnancy were younger and had less education than non-smokers, and were more likely to have been born in Canada. Women who consumed alcohol during pregnancy tended to be older than non-drinkers and were also more likely to have been born in Canada. Respondents whose diets did not meet Canada's Food Guide recommendations tended to have less education than women with adequate diets and were also less likely to be Canadian born. The findings of only 8% of pregnant women reporting health behaviors that did not warrant some improvements, suggests there is a continuing need for health education.
Realizing the strongly correlated $d$-Mott state in a fermionic cold atom optical lattice
Creators: name: Peterson, Michael R.
name: Zhang, Chuanwei
name: Tewari, Sumanta
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a new state of matter, the d-wave Mott-insulator state (d-Mott state) (introduced recently by [H. Yao, W. F. Tsai, and S. A. Kivelson, Phys. Rev. B 76, 161104 (2007)]), which is characterized by a non-zero expectation value of a local plaquette operator embedded in an insulating state, can be engineered using ultra-cold atomic fermions in two-dimensional double-well optical lattices. We characterize and analyze the parameter regime where the $d$-Mott state is stable. We predict the testable signatures of the state in the time-of-flight measurements.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Comparison of reduced-order, sequential and variational data assimilation methods in the tropical Pacific Ocean
Creators: name: Robert, Céline
name: Blayo, Eric
name: Verron, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper presents a comparison of two reduced-order, sequential and variational data assimilation methods: the SEEK filter and the R-4D-Var. A hybridization of the two, combining the variational framework and the sequential evolution of covariance matrices, is also preliminarily investigated and assessed in the same experimental conditions. The comparison is performed using the twin-experiment approach on a model of the Tropical Pacific domain. The assimilated data are simulated temperature profiles at the locations of the TAO/TRITON array moorings. It is shown that, in a quasi-linear regime, both methods produce similarly good results. However the hybrid approach provides slightly better results and thus appears as potentially fruitful. In a more non-linear regime, when Tropical Instability Waves develop, the global nature of the variational approach helps control model dynamics better than the sequential approach of the SEEK filter. This aspect is probably enhanced by the context of the experiments in that there is a limited amount of assimilated data and no model error.
Einflussfaktor Psyche in der klinischen Geburtshilfe : Eine salutogenetische Betrachtung unter Einbezug der Evaluation des „Hilfetelefon Schwierige Geburt“
Creators: name: Nixdorff, Silke
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geburt
subject: Geburtshilfe
subject: Hilfetelefon
subject: Schwierige Geburt
subject: DDC::6** Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::61* Medizin und Gesundheit::618 Gynäkologie, Geburtsmedizin, Pädiatrie, Geriatrie

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit untersucht auf 135 Seiten psychologische Einflussfaktoren in der klinischen Geburtenhilfe mittels eines empirischen Zugangs. Im Theorieteil wird ein historischer Überblick der Entwicklung der Geburtshilfe beschrieben, der in eine Darstellung der aktuellen Situation übergeht. Die Betrachtung der vornehmlich deutschen Situation wird durch eine globale Perspektive vervollständigt und um den salutogenetischen Blickwinkel erweitert. Wichtige Aspekte der gegenwärtigen Forschung werden präsentiert und berücksichtigt. Es zeigte sich, dass oftmals auch bei gesunden Schwangeren mit niedrigem Risiko routinemäßig interventionsreich ausgestaltete Geburtsabläufe durchgeführt werden. Darüber hinaus kann auch ein belastender bis traumatisierender Umgang mit Frauen unter der Geburt zu einem erhöhten Hilfe- und Beratungsbedarf führen. Die Forschung schlägt daher eine Typologie der unterschiedlichen Arten geburtshilflicher Gewalt vor. Diese wird vorgestellt und kommt im zweiten, empirischen Teil in der Auswertung zur Einschätzung der psychologischen Einflussfaktoren zur Anwendung. Abschließend werden die Risiken und Gefahren von schwierigen Geburten diskutiert und die Grundzüge der Psychotraumatologie eingeführt. Der zweite empirische Teil fußt auf einer Fragebogenerhebung, die während des ersten Jahres des seit Juni 2020 in Deutschland neu eingeführten anonymen "Hilfetelefon Schwierige Geburt". Im Untersuchungszeitraum wurden 129 auswertbare Fragebögen erhoben. Teilnehmende waren n= 128 Frauen sowie ein Mann. Grundsätzlich spiegeln die Ereignisse der qualitativen, deskriptiven und inferenzstatistischen Auswertung der Fragebögen, die in der Literatur zuvor benannte kritische Situation der klinischen Geburtshilfe und stützen auch eine breitere Verwendung der Typologiegeburtshilflicher Gewalt. Demgegenüber fällt in die Untersuchung einbezogene Evaluation des Hilfetelefons im Hinblick auf die Aspekte Unterstützung und Nützlichkeit überaus positiv aus. Die Arbeit vermittelt einen umfangreichen Überblick zur aktuellen Situation der klinischen Geburtshilfe und zum Erleben der Frauen.
Probing N=4 SYM With Surface Operators
Creators: name: Drukker, Nadav
name: Gomis, Jaume
name: Matsuura, Shunji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study surface operators in N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. We compute surface operator observables, such as the expectation value of surface operators, the correlation function of surface operators with local operators, and the correlation function of surface operators with Wilson and 't Hooft loops. The calculations are performed using three different realizations of surface operators, corresponding respectively to the gauge theory path integral definition, the probe brane description in AdS_5xS^5 and the "bubbling'' supergravity description of surface operators. We find remarkable agreement between the different calculations performed using the three different realizations.
description: 65 pages; lanlmac, 2 figures
Resistive state of quasi-one-dimensional superconductors: fluctuations vs. sample inhomogeneity
Creators: name: Zgirski, M.
name: Arutyunov, K. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shape of experimentally observed R(T) transition of thin superconducting wires is analyzed. Broadening of the transition in quasi-1-dimensional superconducting channels is typically associated with phase slip mechanism provided by thermal or quantum fluctuations. It is shown that consideration of inevitable geometrical inhomogeneity and finite dimensions of real samples studied in experiments is of primary importance for interpretation of results. The analysis is based on experimental fact that for many superconducting materials the critical temperature is a function of characteristic dimension of a low-dimensional system: film thickness or wire cross section
description: 3 text pages, 1 page figure captions, 3 figures (1 figure per page)
Moduli Evolution in the Presence of Matter Fields and Flux Compactification
Creators: name: van de Bruck, Carsten
name: Choi, Ki-Young
name: Hall, Lisa M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a detailed analysis of the dynamics of moduli fields in the KKLT scenario coupled to a Polonyi field, which plays the role of a hidden matter sector field. It was previously shown that such matter fields can uplift AdS vacua to Minkowski or de Sitter vacua. Additionally, we take a background fluid into account (which can be either matter or radiation), which aids moduli stabilisation. Our analysis shows that the presence of the matter field further aids stabilisation, due to a new scaling regime. We study the system both analytically and numerically.
description: 28 pages, 32 figures, JCAP format
A lower bound on the dimension of a quantum system given measured data
Creators: name: Wehner, Stephanie
name: Christandl, Matthias
name: Doherty, Andrew C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We imagine an experiment on an unknown quantum mechanical system in which the system is prepared in various ways and a range of measurements are performed. For each measurement M and preparation rho the experimenter can determine, given enough time, the probability of a given outcome a: p(a|M,rho). How large does the Hilbert space of the quantum system have to be in order to allow us to find density matrices and measurement operators that will reproduce the given probability distribution? In this note, we prove a simple lower bound for the dimension of the Hilbert space. The main insight is to relate this problem to the construction of quantum random access codes, for which interesting bounds on Hilbert space dimension already exist. We discuss several applications of our result to hidden variable, or ontological models, to Bell inequalities and to properties of the smooth min-entropy.
description: 8 pages, revtex, v2: improved presentation. To appear in Phys. Rev. A
The chemical abundance of the very metal rich old Open Clusters NGC 6253 and NGC 6791
Creators: name: Carretta, Eugenio
name: Bragaglia, Angela
name: Gratton, Raffaele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of a project aiming at deriving in a homogeneous way the properties (age, distance, reddening and detailed chemical abundances) of a large sample of old open clusters, we present here the metal abundance and the abundance ratios of light (C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti) and heavier (Cr, Mn, Ni, Ba, Eu) elements in the galactic open clusters NGC 6253 and NGC 6791. We performed spectrum synthesis of selected lines on high resolution spectra of four red clump stars in NGC 6253, taken with the UVES and FEROS spectrographs. We also determined abundances of the same elements for four red clump stars in NGC 6791, observed with SARG, for which we had derived the atmospheric parameters and the iron, carbon and oxygen abundances in a previous paper (Gratton et al. 2006). The average metallicity of NGC 6253 is [Fe/H]=+0.46 (rms = 0.03 dex, systematic error = 0.08 dex), obtained by extensive spectral synthesis of Fe lines. This intermediate age cluster closely resembles the old open cluster NGC 6791, as far as the chemical composition is concerned. C, N, O do not show any significant abundance scatter; they are underabundant with respect to the solar values both in NGC 6253 and NGC 6791. We also find no evident star-to-star scatter in any of the elements measured in both clusters, with the possible exception of Na in NGC 6791. The two clusters show very similar abundances, except for Mg, overabundant in NGC 6791 and not in NGC 6253. Both have solar scaled alpha-elements abundances. We have compared our abundance ratios with literature values for disk giants and dwarfs and bulge giants, finding a general good agreement with the run of elemental ratios with [Fe/H] of disk objects.
description: Accepted for publication on A&A
How a plantar pressure-based, tongue-placed tactile biofeedback modifies postural control mechanisms during quiet standing
Creators: name: Vuillerme, Nicolas
name: Pinsault, Nicolas
name: Chenu, Olivier
name: Boisgontier, Matthieu
name: Demongeot, Jacques
name: Payan, Yohan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of a plantar pressure-based, tongue-placed tactile biofeedback on postural control mechanisms during quiet standing. To this aim, sixteen young healthy adults were asked to stand as immobile as possible with their eyes closed in two conditions of No-biofeedback and Biofeedback. Centre of foot pressure (CoP) displacements, recorded using a force platform, were used to compute the horizontal displacements of the vertical projection the centre of gravity (CoGh) and those of the difference between the CoP and the vertical projection of the CoG (CoP-CoGv). Altogether, the present findings suggest that the main way the plantar pressure-based, tongue-placed tactile biofeedback improves postural control during quiet standing is via both a reduction of the correction thresholds and an increased efficiency of the corrective mechanism involving the CoGh displacements.
Noticing
Creators: name: Pillet-Shore, Danielle
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2022
Subjects: Conversation Analysis
Encyclopedia
Ethnomethodology
Interactional Linguistics

description: The term noticing is used to describe: (i) a private, individual, perceptual/cognitive action of bringing one’s attention or conscious awareness to a target phenomenon/experience; or (ii) a public, social action of calling joint attention to a target referent.
Field evaluations of herbicides for the control of Centaurea diffusa lam. and C. maculosa lam.
Creators: name: Douglas, Brian John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Diffuse knapweed (Centaurea diffusa) and spotted knapweed (C. maculosa) are widespread in the southern interior of British Columbia and are rapidly spreading to colonize new areas. The use of herbicides for control of these knapweeds has been restricted because of the high cost of and environmental impact resulting from applications of picloram. Phytotoxic residues of picloram have caused damage to cultivated plants in B.C. and at present the only effective alternate herbicide is 2,4-D. Field studies were conducted in the Thompson Valley to evaluate picloram, triclopyr, 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid and chlorsulfuron for control of diffuse and spotted knapweeds. Triclopyr and chlorsulfuron provided control of both species only for the season of treatment. Picloram and 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid controlled spotted knapweed for at least 300 days and diffuse knapweed for at least 420 days. Both herbicides also provided residual control of knapweed seedlings. The addition of Citowett Plus (50% alkyl aryl polyethylene glycol) at 0.1% (v/v) to solutions of chlorsulfuron did not improve control of diffuse knapweed with chlorsulfuron. Chlorsulfuron had some soil residual activity against diffuse knapweed seedlings. The experimental sulfonyl urea, DPX-T6376 applied at 20 to 160 grams/ha controlled existing diffuse knapweed plants and emerging seedlings in the season of treatment. A minimum effective rate of 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid for control of existing diffuse knapweed plants and residual control of seedlings for the season of treatment was 150 g/ha. Rates of 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid below this provided poor control of emerging seedlings and many diffuse knapweed plants were able to recover from the treatment. The effects of picloram, triclopyr, 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid and chlorsulfuron on seed germination, radicle elongation and seedling growth of diffuse knapweed, spotted knapweed, bluebunch wheatgrass and crested wheatgrass were evaluated in Petri plates. Chlorsulfuron reduced the radicle elongation and seedling growth of diffuse and spotted knapweeds. The effects of the pyridine herbicides varied with concentration and herbicide.
EchoVPR: Echo State Networks for Visual Place Recognition
Creators: name: Ozdemir, Anil
name: Scerri, Mark
name: Barron, Andrew B.
name: Philippides, Andrew
name: Mangan, Michael
name: Vasilaki, Eleni
name: Manneschi, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recognising previously visited locations is an important, but unsolved, task in autonomous navigation. Current visual place recognition (VPR) benchmarks typically challenge models to recover the position of a query image (or images) from sequential datasets that include both spatial and temporal components. Recently, Echo State Network (ESN) varieties have proven particularly powerful at solving machine learning tasks that require spatio-temporal modelling. These networks are simple, yet powerful neural architectures that--exhibiting memory over multiple time-scales and non-linear high-dimensional representations--can discover temporal relations in the data while still maintaining linearity in the learning time. In this paper, we present a series of ESNs and analyse their applicability to the VPR problem. We report that the addition of ESNs to pre-processed convolutional neural networks led to a dramatic boost in performance in comparison to non-recurrent networks in five out of six standard benchmarks (GardensPoint, SPEDTest, ESSEX3IN1, Oxford RobotCar, and Nordland), demonstrating that ESNs are able to capture the temporal structure inherent in VPR problems. Moreover, we show that models that include ESNs can outperform class-leading VPR models which also exploit the sequential dynamics of the data. Finally, our results demonstrate that ESNs improve generalisation abilities, robustness, and accuracy further supporting their suitability to VPR applications.
description: Accepted to IEEE RA&L with presentation in ICRA 2022 conference. 8 pages + supplementary materials
Macht, Kontrolle, Dominanz : Psychische Gewalt in bestehenden Partnerschaften erwachsener Personen
Creators: name: Soller, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Psychische Gewalt
subject: Partnerschaft
subject: DDC::3** Sozialwissenschaften::36* Soziale Probleme, Sozialdienste::364 Kriminologie

description: Die Bachelorarbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Thema Gewalt innerhalb der Partnerschaft und legt dabei explizit den Fokus auf die weniger sichtbare psychische Gewalt. Paargewalt galt lange als reine Privatangelegenheit und wurde folglich in der Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft wenig beachtet. Heutzutage hat sich in der Politik, Gesellschaft und im wissenschaftlichen Diskurs ein banalisierendes und verkürztes Bild häuslicher und partnerschaftlicher Gewalt festgesetzt. Paargewalt wird meist mit körperlicher Gewalt gleichgesetzt, wobei Übergriffe und Schläge als Prototyp der Gewalt gelten. Diese reduzierte Vorstellung über Gewalt in Partnerschaften, spiegelt die Realität nur mangelhaft bis falsch wider und stellt ein großes Problem vorwiegend für Betroffene psychischer Gewalt dar. Die Bachelorarbeit verfolgt das Ziel, über die Gefahren, die Tragweite und Relevanz psychischer Gewalt zu infomrieren und ein Überdenken des gegenwärtigen Gewaltbegriffs in Partnerschaften anzuregen. dafür wird die psychische Gewalt zunächst definitorisch aufgearbeitet und anhand drei unterschiedlicher Gewaltmethoden (Gaslighting, Love-bombing und Silent Treatment) praxisnah beschrieben. Um besser verstehen zu können, wie sich psychische Gewalt entwickelt, werden mithilfe eines Modells verschiedene risikofaktoren betrachtet, die zur Entstehung von Gewalt in Beziehungen beitragen können. Weiterführend werden verschiedene Trennungshemmnisse, die es betroffenen Personen erschweren, gewaltvolle Paarbeziehungen zu verlassen. Anschließend wir die Thematik der Paargewalt in Zusammenhang mit den Mandaten und Aufträgen der Sozialen Arbeit gebracht und herausgearbeitet, welche Handlungsmöglichkeiten Sozialarbeitende haben, Gewalt in Partnerschaften zu bekämpfen und Opfer zu schützen. Ein praxisnaher Handlungsleitfaden soll Sozialarbeitende abschließend sensibilisieren und Sicherheit im Umgang mit Betroffenen psychischer Gewalt geben.
Bulk viscosity and spectral functions in QCD
Creators: name: Moore, Guy D.
name: Saremi, Omid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the behavior of the spectral function for the trace of the stress tensor in QCD in the two regimes where it is possible to make analytical progress; weak coupling, and close to a second order QCD phase transition. We determine the behavior of the bulk viscosity in each regime. We discuss the problem of analytic continuation of the (lattice) Euclidean correlation function to determine the spectral function. In each case the spectral function has a narrow peak at small frequency; its shape would be challenging to extract accurately from lattice data with error bars.
description: 15 pages with 5 figures. Clarified discussion, published version
Effects of Short Term Exposure to Suspended Sediment on the Behaviour of Juvenile Coho Salmon
Creators: name: Berg, Linda
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The territorial and feeding behaviour of juvenile coho salmon was studied in an artificial stream channel in response to short-term pulses of suspended sediment. Disruption of the social organization of the fish resulted at the higher turbidities tested. Dominance hierarchies were partially broken down, and territories were no longer defended. Only at lower turbidities were the hierarchies reformed and territories re-established. Behaviour following water clearance, closely resembled that observed prior to the addition of suspended sediment. The feeding behaviour of the fish was affected during the period of exposure to a pulse of suspended sediment. The ability of fish to capture prey items decreased with an increase in turbidity. The disruption of the social organization of the fish also caused modifications to their feeding behaviour. Rates of gill flaring increased in response to a pulse of suspended sediment and remained elevated following water clearance. Implications of these behavioural modifications are discussed in relation to fitness of fish populations rearing in streams subjected to frequent short-term pulses of suspended sediment.
Optimized modeling of Gaia-Hipparcos astrometry for the detection of the smallest cold Jupiter and confirmation of seven low mass companions
Creators: name: Feng, Fabo
name: Butler, R. Paul
name: Jones, Hugh R. A.
name: Phillips, Mark W.
name: Vogt, Steven S.
name: Oppenheimer, Rebecca
name: Holden, Bradford
name: Burt, Jennifer
name: Boss, Alan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To fully constrain the orbits of low mass circumstellar companions, we conduct combined analyses of the radial velocity data as well as the Gaia and Hipparcos astrometric data for eight nearby systems. Our study shows that companion-induced position and proper motion differences between Gaia and Hipparcos are significant enough to constrain orbits of low mass companions to a precision comparable with previous combined analyses of direct imaging and radial velocity data. We find that our method is robust to whether we use Gaia DR2 or Gaia EDR3, as well as whether we use all of the data, or just proper motion differences. In particular, we fully characterize the orbits of HD 190360 b and HD 16160 C for the first time. With a mass of 1.8$\pm$0.2$m_{\rm Jup}$ and an effective temperature of 123-176 K and orbiting around a Sun-like star, HD 190360 b is the smallest Jupiter-like planet with well-constrained mass and orbit, belonging to a small sample of fully characterized Jupiter analogs. It is separated from its primary star by 0.25$''$ and thus may be suitable for direct imaging by the CGI instrument of the Roman Space Telescope.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 15 pages, 4 tables, 5 figures
Diabetic Retinopathy Detection Using Convolutional Neural Network: A Comparative Study on Different Architectures
Creators: name: Tassanee Hattiya
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering Mahasasakham University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Diabetic Retinopathy detection
Image Analysis
Image Classification
Neural network
Convolutional neural network

description: Mahasarakham International Journal of Engineering Technology, 7, 1, 50-60
Robustness of Stark many-body localization in the $J_1$-$J_2$ Heisenberg model
Creators: name: Vernek, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stark many-body localization (SMBL) is a phenomenon observed in interacting systems with a nearly uniform spatial gradient applied field. Contrasting to the traditional many-body localization phenomenon, SMBL does not require disorder. Here we investigate SMBL in a spin-$1/2$ described by a Heisenberg model including a next-nearest-neighbor exchange coupling. By employing an exact diagonalization approach and time evolution calculation we analyze both level spacing ratio (LSR) statistics of the Hamiltonian model as well as the dynamics of the system from a given initial state. Our results reveals that for zero field in our finite system, LSR statistics suggest localization while the dynamics shows thermalization, which has been attributed to a finite-size effect. Slightly nonuniform field gradient, LSR statistic predictions agree very well with the dynamics of the physical quantities indicating delocalization and localization for small and large field gradient, respectively. More interestingly, we find that localization is robust in the presence of next-nearest-neighbor coupling in the Hamiltonian. Moreover, this coupling can be tuned to enhance SMBL in the system, meaning that localized regimes can be obtained for smaller field gradient as compared to the traditional nearest-neighbor isotropic Heisenberg model.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Degenerate Bose-Bose mixture in a three-dimensional optical lattice
Creators: name: Catani, J.
name: De Sarlo, L.
name: Barontini, G.
name: Minardi, F.
name: Inguscio, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We produce a heteronuclear quantum degenerate mixture of two bosonic species, $^{87}$Rb and $^{41}$K, in a three-dimensional optical lattice. On raising the lattice barriers, we observe the disapperance of the inference pattern of the heavier $^{87}$Rb, shifting toward shallower lattice depths in the presence of a minor fraction of $^{41}$K. This effect is sizable and requires only a marginal overlap between the two species. We compare our results with similar findings reported for Fermi-Bose mixtures and discuss the interpretation scenarios proposed to date, arguing that the explanation may be linked to the increased effective mass due to the interspecies interactions.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Effects of Para Rubber Latex on Workability, Compressive Strength and Water Permeability of Normal Strength Concrete
Creators: name: Jakrapan Wongpa
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering Mahasasakham University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Para rubber latex
compressive strength
water permeability
concrete

description: Mahasarakham International Journal of Engineering Technology, 7, 1, 61-66
Infraparticle Scattering States in Non-Relativistic QED: II. Mass Shell Properties
Creators: name: Chen, Thomas
name: Froehlich, Juerg
name: Pizzo, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T08, 81V10

description: We study the infrared problem in the usual model of QED with non-relativistic matter. We prove spectral and regularity properties characterizing the mass shell of an electron and one-electron infraparticle states of this model. Our results are crucial for the construction of infraparticle scattering states, which are treated in a separate paper.
description: AMS Latex, 45 pages, 2 figures
Accuracy of a one-dimensional reduction of dynamical systems on networks
Creators: name: Kundu, Prosenjit
name: Kori, Hiroshi
name: Masuda, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resilience is an ability of a system with which the system can adjust its activity to maintain its functionality when it is perturbed. To study resilience of dynamics on networks, Gao et al. proposed a theoretical framework to reduce dynamical systems on networks, which are high dimensional in general, to one-dimensional dynamical systems. The accuracy of this one-dimensional reduction relies on several assumption in addition to the assumption that the network has a negligible degree correlation. In the present study, we analyze the accuracy of the one-dimensional reduction assuming networks without degree correlation. We do so mainly through examining the validity of the individual assumptions underlying the method. Across five dynamical system models, we find that the accuracy of the one-dimensional reduction hinges on the spread of the equilibrium value of the state variable across the nodes in most cases. Specifically, the one-dimensional reduction tends to be accurate when the dispersion of the node's state is small. We also find that the correlation between the node's state and the node's degree, which is common for various dynamical systems on networks, is unrelated to the accuracy of the one-dimensional reduction.
description: 35 pages, 15 figures