cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PROCESSED FOOD TRADE AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT UNDER NAFTA
Creators: name: Koo, Won W.
name: Mattson, Jeremy W.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Mattson, Jeremy W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: trade
subject: processed foods
subject: foreign direct investment
subject: Canada
subject: Mexico

description: Trade in processed food products is rapidly growing. Trade with Canada and Mexico has especially been growing since free trade agreements have been implemented. The U.S. presence in the processed food industry in other countries through foreign direct investment (FDI) is also large and has been expanding. The relationship between trade and FDI is uncertain and subject to much debate. Japan and Canada are the largest importers of processed foods from the United States, followed by Mexico and Korea. Canada is the leading exporter of food products to the United States, followed by France, Mexico, and Italy. Canada and Mexico have, in recent years, become increasingly important trading partners in processed foods. Results from this study do not conclusively indicate any type of relationship between FDI and trade. Trade in processed foods also appears to be mostly insensitive to the exchange rate. Some of the increase in trade flows can be explained by growth in real GDP. Trade liberalization may also explain the increase in trade flows. Free trade agreements have positively influenced U.S. FDI in Canada and Mexico. Labor cost and inflation in the host country also influences U.S. FDI.
Intrinsic Properties of Bipolarons in Armchair Graphene Nanoribbons
Creators: name: Silva, Gesiel G.
name: da Cunha, Wiliam F.
name: Junior, Marcelo L. Pereira
name: Junior, Luiz F. Roncaratti
name: Junior, Luiz A. Ribeiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2; I.6
subject: 00-xx

description: We performed an investigation concerning bipolaron dynamics in armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) under the influence of different electric field and electron-phonon coupling regimes. By studying the response to the electric excitation, we were able to determine the effective mass and terminal velocity of this quasiparticle in AGNRs. Remarkably, bipolarons in narrower AGNRs move as fast as the ones in conjugated polymers. Our findings pave the way to enhance the understanding of the behavior of charge carriers in graphene nanoribbons.
description: 11 pages and 04 figures
“Twin Brothers”: Claim-Making Strategies by the Ata Modo in the Tourism Development Project of Komodo National Park, West Manggarai
Creators: name: Hasanah, Mahesti
name: Bayo, Longgina Novadona
Publisher: name: International Quarterly for Asian Studies
Year: 2024

description: The Komodo monitor lizard is an endangered species found only on the Indonesian islands of Komodo, Rinca, Flores and Gili Motang. To protect them, a national park was established in the 1980s. In 2019, the Indonesian government designated Komodo National Park as a super­-premium tourist destination, sparking controversy over its impact on the indigenous Ata Modo people. This article examines the claim-making process of the Ata Modo community, supported by local NGOs. Claim-making – the assertion of rights over land and resources – plays a crucial role in tourism projects, often leading to uneven development that threatens community livelihoods, indigenous wildlife and the environment as a whole. The 2021 super-premium tourism development in West Manggarai involving Komodo National Park is used as a case study to explore how people secure their rights to land and animals. The Ata Modo’s claim-making has helped them to maintain their livelihoods despite ongoing political contestation. The article aims to elucidate the political processes of appropriation, access and contestation in claims to land, animals and the environment, providing insights into the interplay between society, local knowledge of human–non-human relationships and political dynamics.
description: International Quarterly for Asian Studies, Vol. 55 No. 2 (2024): Politics of Marginalisation in Indonesia: The Jokowi Era
THE U.S. SUGAR INDUSTRY UNDER EU AND DOHA TRADE LIBERALIZATION
Creators: name: Andino, Jose
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Andino, Jose
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: sugar
subject: liberalization
subject: production
subject: price
subject: EU reform
subject: Doha

description: This study evaluates potential reforms of the EU and some liberalization policies under the Doha agenda proposal. Results indicate that EU sugar policy reforms will increase the Caribbean sugar price from 8.7 to 9.96 cents, but will not affect the U.S. sugar industry. If the world sugar industry is liberalized on the basis of the WTO-Doha framework proposal, U.S. sugar imports will increase to 1.9 million tons and wholesale price will decrease from 24.89 to 23.79 cents per pound. Under this scenario, it is also expected that the Caribbean price will increase from 8.7 to 12.1 cents per pound. Brazil will benefit the most as production and export sales increase.
CO(1-0) & CO(5-4) observations of the most distant known radio galaxy at z=5.2
Creators: name: Klamer, Ilana
name: Ekers, Ron
name: Sadler, Elaine
name: Weiss, Axel
name: Hunstead, Richard
name: De Breuck, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Australia Telescope Compact Array we have detected CO(1-0) and CO(5-4) from TNJ0924-2201 at z=5.2, the most distant radio galaxy known to date. This is the second highest redshift detection of CO published so far. The CO(1-0) is 250-400 km/sec wide with a peak flux density of 520 +- 115 microJy/beam whilst the CO(5-4) line emission is 200-300 km/sec wide with a peak flux density of 7.8 +- 2.7 mJy/beam. Both transitions are spatially unresolved but there is marginal evidence for spatial offsets between the CO and the host galaxy; the CO(1-0) is located 28 +- 11 kpc (4.5 +- 1.7 arcsec) north of the radio galaxy whilst the CO(5-4) is located 18 +- 8 kpc (2.8 +- 1.2 arcsec) south of the radio galaxy. Higher spatial resolution observations are required to determine the reality of these offsets. Our result is the second detection of CO in a high redshift galaxy without pre-selection based on a massive dust content.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, accepted ApJ letters
U.S. AGRICULTURAL TRADE WITH LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES AND EFFECTS OF THE FREE TRADE AREA OF THE AMERICAS ON SPECIFIC COMMODITIES
Creators: name: Mattson, Jeremy W.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Mattson, Jeremy W.
name: Koo, Won W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Free Trade Area of the Americas
subject: agricultural trade
subject: trade creation
subject: trade diversion

description: Trade with Latin American countries is an increasingly important issue, as negotiations progress for a Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA). The objectives of this study are to analyze U.S. agricultural trade with Latin American countries, determine factors influencing agricultural trade with these countries, and estimate possible effects of trade liberalization under the FTAA on U.S. agricultural trade. This study analyzes U.S. exports of wheat, corn, rice, soybeans, soybean meal, beef, pork, and poultry meat to 16 Latin American countries; U.S. imports of bananas, coffee, grapes, fruit and vegetable juice, sugar, pineapples, avocados, mangos, prepared or preserved meat, crustaceans, and fish fillets or meat from these countries are also analyzed. An econometric model is developed and estimated to determine factors influencing U.S. agricultural trade with these countries. Results from the model show that there is a negative relationship between U.S. exports and foreign tariffs, price, exchange rates, and foreign production, while there is a positive relationship between U.S. exports and foreign real GDP. U.S. imports have a negative relationship with U.S. tariffs and price and a positive relationship with the exchange rate. U.S. tariffs on imports of agricultural products from Latin American countries, though, are small or nonexistent in many cases. This would suggest that trade liberalization could have a larger effect on U.S. exports than on imports. Trade creation and trade diversion effects of tariff removal under the FTAA are calculated. Trade creation effects, overall, are higher for U.S. exports to these countries than they are for U.S. imports. The trade diversion effects, especially for exports, are small because most agricultural imports in the hemisphere are from other countries within the hemisphere, indicating that the FTAA will not significantly affect trade of the agricultural commodities under analysis with third-party, non-member countries. The United States could significantly increase exports of meat products, corn, and rice, and imports of fruit juice and grapes, under the FTAA.
A measurement of the Hubble constant from Type II supernovae
Creators: name: de Jaeger, T.
name: Stahl, B. E.
name: Zheng, W.
name: Filippenko, A. V.
name: Riess, A. G.
name: Galbany, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Progressive increases in the precision of the Hubble-constant measurement via Cepheid-calibrated Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) have shown a discrepancy of $\sim 4.4σ$ with the current value inferred from Planck satellite measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation and the standard $Λ$CDM cosmological model. This disagreement does not appear to be due to known systematic errors and may therefore be hinting at new fundamental physics. Although all of the current techniques have their own merits, further improvement in constraining the Hubble constant requires the development of as many independent methods as possible. In this work, we use SNe II as standardisable candles to obtain an independent measurement of the Hubble constant. Using 7 SNe II with host-galaxy distances measured from Cepheid variables or the tip of the red giant branch, we derive H$_0= 75.8^{+5.2}_{-4.9}$ km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$ (statistical errors only). Our value favours that obtained from the conventional distance ladder (Cepheids + SNe Ia) and exhibits a difference of 8.4 km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$ from the Planck $+Λ$CDM value. Adding an estimate of the systematic errors (2.8 km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$) changes the $\sim 1.7σ$ discrepancy with Planck $+Λ$CDM to $\sim 1.4σ$. Including the systematic errors and performing a bootstrap simulation, we confirm that the local H$_0$ value exceeds the value from the early Universe with a confidence level of 95%. As in this work we only exchange SNe II for SNe Ia to measure extragalactic distances, we demonstrate that there is no evidence that SNe Ia are the source of the H$_0$ tension.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 11 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Additional file 1 of Defining Kawasaki disease and pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome-temporally associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection during SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Italy: results from a national, multicenter survey
Creators: name: Cattalini, Marco
name: Paolera, Sara Della
name: Zunica, Fiammetta
name: Bracaglia, Claudia
name: Giangreco, Manuela
name: Verdoni, Lucio
name: Meini, Antonella
name: Sottile, Rita
name: Caorsi, Roberta
name: Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo
name: Fabi, Marianna
name: Montin, Davide
name: Meneghel, Alessandra
name: Consolaro, Alessandro
name: Dellepiane, Rosa Maria
name: Maggio, Maria Cristina
name: Torre, Francesco La
name: Marchesi, Alessandra
name: Simonini, Gabriele
name: Villani, Alberto
name: Cimaz, Rolando
name: Ravelli, Angelo
name: Taddio, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1.
NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATE MISALIGNMENT: IS IT PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT TO AGRICULTURAL TRADE?
Creators: name: Cho, Guedae
name: Kim, MinKyoung
name: Sun, Edwin
name: Jin, Hyun Joung
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Cho, Guedae
name: Kim, MinKyoung
name: Sun, Edwin
name: Jin, Hyun Joung
name: Koo, Won W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: exchange rate misalignment
subject: agricultural trade
subject: gravity model

description: This paper examines whether exchange rate misalignment negatively affects agricultural trade, compared to other industry sectors. Nominal exchange rate misalignment is obtained from the percentage deviation of real exchange rates from their long-run equilibrium based on the theory of purchasing power parity. In order to explore this issue, a bilateral trade matrix involving trade flows between 10 developed countries is constructed. Using panel data analysis, a gravity model is estimated for 4 industry sectors over the period 1974-1999. The study finds that over-valuation (under-valuation) of the nominal exchange rate negatively (positively) affects export performance of the agricultural sector in particular. In the large-scale manufacturing sectors considered in this paper, exports are not significantly affected by exchange rate misalignment.
Theory and Modeling of the Zeeman and Paschen-Back effects in Molecular Lines
Creators: name: Ramos, A. Asensio
name: Bueno, J. Trujillo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes a very general approach to the calculation of the Zeeman splitting effect produced by an external magnetic field on the rotational levels of diatomic molecules. The method is valid for arbitrary values of the total electronic spin and of the magnetic field strength -that is, it holds for molecular electronic states of any multiplicity and for both the Zeeman and incomplete Paschen-Back regimes. It is based on an efficient numerical diagonalization of the effective Zeeman Hamiltonian, which can incorporate easily all the contributions one may eventually be interested in, such as the hyperfine interaction of the external magnetic field with the spin motions of the nuclei. The reliability of the method is demonstrated by comparing our results with previous ones obtained via formulae valid only for doublet states. We also present results for molecular transitions arising between non-doublet electronic states, illustrating that their Zeeman patterns show signatures produced by the Paschen-Back effect.
description: 35 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Mitthof, Fritz: Ein Spätantikes Wirtschaftsbuch aus Diospolis Parva
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Hubert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 88 (2004): Oriens christianus, Band 88
Mass-dependence of pseudocritical temperature in mean field approximation
Creators: name: Bai, Zhan
name: Chang, Lei
name: Chao, Jingyi
name: Gao, Fei
name: Liu, Yu-xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We restrict our computation in the mean field approximation which could lead to a clear critical behavior. We analyze the scaling behavior with different shape of interaction kernel by considering different dressed-gluon models. The critical exponent we obtained is consistent with that in the $3D$ $\textrm{O}(4)$ universality class. The size of critical region is up to $m_{0}^{} \le 2\sim 4\;$MeV in this mean field approximation which sets naturally an upper bound of the critical region since the fluctuations beyond mean-field usually diminish the critical region. Besides, we analyze the possible percentage of the maximum chiral susceptibility and pion mass range at which the chiral phase transition temperature is independent of the current quark mass. The results show that the percentage and the pion mass range depend on the details of interaction kernel, which differs in gluon models.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Scattering and absorption invariance of nonmagnetic particles under duality transformations
Creators: name: Yang, Qingdong
name: Chen, Weijin
name: Chen, Yuntian
name: Liu, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the total scatterings (in terms of extinction, scattering and absorption cross sections) by arbitrary clusters of nonmagnetic particles that support optically-induced magnetic responses. Our reexamination is conducted from the perspective of the electromagnetic duality symmetry, and it is revealed that all total scattering properties are invariant under duality transformations. This secures that for self-dual particle clusters, the total scattering properties are polarization independent for any fixed incident direction; while for non-self-dual particle clusters, two scattering configurations that are connected to each other through a duality transformation would exhibit identical scattering properties. This electromagnetic duality induced invariance is irrelevant to specific particle distributions or wave incident directions, which is illustrated for both random and periodic clusters.
description: 7 pages and 6 figures; Comments to be appreciated
Additional file 3 of Defining Kawasaki disease and pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome-temporally associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection during SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Italy: results from a national, multicenter survey
Creators: name: Cattalini, Marco
name: Paolera, Sara Della
name: Zunica, Fiammetta
name: Bracaglia, Claudia
name: Giangreco, Manuela
name: Verdoni, Lucio
name: Meini, Antonella
name: Sottile, Rita
name: Caorsi, Roberta
name: Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo
name: Fabi, Marianna
name: Montin, Davide
name: Meneghel, Alessandra
name: Consolaro, Alessandro
name: Dellepiane, Rosa Maria
name: Maggio, Maria Cristina
name: Torre, Francesco La
name: Marchesi, Alessandra
name: Simonini, Gabriele
name: Villani, Alberto
name: Cimaz, Rolando
name: Ravelli, Angelo
name: Taddio, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Appendix 3. Laboratory comparison between Kawasaki Disease patients seen during SARS-CoV-2 epidemic and a Historical Cohort of Kawasaki Disease Patients.
Phase-tunable thermoelectricity in a Josephson junction
Creators: name: Marchegiani, G.
name: Braggio, A.
name: Giazotto, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting tunnel junctions constitute the units of superconducting quantum circuits and are massively used both for quantum sensing and quantum computation. In previous works, we predicted the existence of a nonlinear thermoelectric effect in a electron-hole symmetric system, namely, a thermally biased tunnel junction between two different superconductors, where the Josephson effect is suppressed. In this paper we investigate the impact of the phase-coherent contributions on the thermoelectric effect, by tuning the size of the Josephson coupling changing the flux of a direct-current Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (dc-SQUID). For a suppressed Josephson coupling, the system generates a finite average thermoelectric signal, combined to an oscillation due to the standard ac Josephson phenomenology. At large Josephson couplings, the thermoelectricity induces an oscillatory behaviour with zero average value of the current/voltage with an amplitude and a frequency associated to the Josephson coupling strength, and ultimately tuned by the dc-SQUID magnetic flux. In conclusion, we demonstrate to be able to control the dynamics of the spontaneous breaking of the electron-hole symmetry. Furthermore, we compute how the flux applied to the dc-SQUID and the lumped elements of the circuit determine the frequency of the thermoelectric signal across the structure, and we envision a frequency modulation application.
Operator amenability of Fourier-Stieltjes algebras, II
Creators: name: Runde, Volker
name: Spronk, Nico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 43A30; Secondary 22D10, 22D25, 43A65, 46L07, 47L25, 47L50

description: We give an example of a non-compact, locally compact group $G$ such that its Fourier-Stieltjes algebra $B(G)$ is operator amenable. Furthermore, we characterize those $G$ for which $A^*(G)$ - the spine of $B(G)$ as introduced by M. Ilie and the second named author - is operator amenable and show that $A^*(G)$ is operator weakly amenable for each $G$.
description: 12 pages; AMSLaTeX; references updated & some typos caught
Influence of the Sun-like magnetic cycle on exoplanetary atmospheric escape
Creators: name: Hazra, Gopal
name: Vidotto, Aline A.
name: D'Angelo, Carolina Villarreal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar high-energy radiation (X-ray and extreme ultraviolet, XUV) drives atmospheric escape in close-in exoplanets. Given that stellar irradiation depends on the stellar magnetism and that stars have magnetic cycles, we investigate how cycles affect the evolution of exoplanetary atmospheric escape. Firstly, we consider a hypothetical HD209458b-like planet orbiting the Sun. For that, we implement the observed solar XUV radiation available over one and a half solar cycles in a 1D hydrodynamic escape model of HD209458b. We find that atmospheric escape rates show a cyclic variation (from 7.6 to 18.5 $\times$ 10$^{10}$ g s$^{-1}$), almost proportional to the incident stellar radiation. To compare this with observations, we compute spectroscopic transits in two hydrogen lines. We find non-detectable cyclic variations in Ly$α$ transits. Given the temperature sensitiveness of the H$α$ line, its equivalent width has an amplitude of 1.9 mA variation over the cycle, which could be detectable in exoplanets such as HD209458b. We demonstrate that the XUV flux is linearly proportional to the magnetic flux during the solar cycle. Secondly, we apply this relation to derive the cyclic evolution of the XUV flux of HD189733 using the available magnetic flux observations of the star from Zeeman Doppler Imaging over nearly a decade. The XUV fluxes are then used to model escape in HD189733b, which shows escape rate varying from 2.8 to 6.5 $\times$ 10$^{10}$ g s$^{-1}$. Like in the HD209458b case, this introduces variations in Ly$α$ and H$α$ transits, with H$α$ variations more likely to be observable. Finally, we show that a strong stellar flare would enhance significantly Ly$α$ and H$α$ transit depths.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Setting Permit Prices in a Transferable Discharge Permit (TDP) System for Water Quality Management
Creators: name: Collentine, Dennis
name: Collentine, Dennis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: tradable permits
subject: catchment management
subject: NPS

description: The composite market design is a proposal for a Transferable Discharge Permit (TDP) system which specifically includes agricultural non-point source (NPS) dischargers and addresses both property rights and transaction cost problems. The first step to implementation of a composite market scheme is the estimation of a supply curve for abatement measures in the catchment area. Estimation is performed by combining costs with modeled loss reductions from selected Best Management Practices (BMPs) and then using this information to estimate the supply curve for abatement which in turn can then be used to set permit prices. The Ronnea catchment in southern Sweden is used as a pilot study area for making this type of estimate. Costs for existing measures that reduce nutrient losses from farmland (catch crops and spring planting) are based on existing programs financed by the Swedish Agricultural Board. A set of supply curves is calculated for these measures using retention estimates for seven sub-catchments and three soil types in the area. Although existing information is sufficient to calculate partial supply curves and may be used to set permit prices, additional measures should be included as well as an increased number of variables for differentiating site specific reduction costs.
Catalog of Galaxy Morphology in Four Rich Clusters: Luminosity Evolution of Disk Galaxies at 0.33
Creators: name: Saintonge, Amelie
name: Schade, David
name: Ellingson, Erica
name: Yee, Howard K. C.
name: Carlberg, Raymond G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging of four rich, X-ray luminous, galaxy clusters (0.33
description: 53 pages, including 13 figures and 7 tables. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
"Co-Operative Identity" - A Theoretical Concept for Dynamic Analysis of Practical Co-Operation: The Dutch Case
Creators: name: Szabo, Gabor G.
name: Szabo, Gabor G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: agriculture
subject: co-operative
subject: identity
subject: principles
subject: strategy

description: The "concept of the co-operative identity" (consisting from the definition, aims and functions of cooperatives and the so-termed co-operative principles) serves as a general theoretical background for the economic analysis of agricultural co-operation. The development of Dutch dairy co-operatives is used as a case study example, which suitably illustrates and represents the processes taking place in the European Union. Some suggestions for further research on the co-operative identity according to each country and different branches and sectors in order to see the substance of co-operation from different economic and non-economic aspects are proposed.
Schmelz, Georg: Kirchliche Amtsträger im Spätantiken Ägypten nach den Aussagen der griechischen und kotpischen Papyri und Ostraka
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Hubert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 88 (2004): Oriens christianus, Band 88
Fast neutral outflows in powerful radio galaxies: a major source of feedback in massive galaxies
Creators: name: Morganti, R.
name: Tadhunter, C. N.
name: Oosterloo, T. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of fast (~ 1000 km/s), massive outflows of neutral gas observed -- using the WSRT -- as 21-cm HI absorption against the strong radio continuum of seven radio sources. The neutral outflows occur, in at least somes cases, at kpc distance from the nucleus, and they are most likely driven by the interactions between the expanding radio jets and the gaseous medium enshrouding the central regions. We estimate that the associated mass outflow rates are up to ~50 M_sun/yr, comparable (although at the lower end of the distribution) to the outflow rates found for starburst-driven superwinds in Ultra Luminous IR Galaxies (ULIRG). This suggests that massive, jet-driven outflows of neutral gas in radio-loud AGN can have as large an impact on the evolution of the host galaxies as the outflows associated with starbursts. A radio-loud phase of the AGN is likely a relatively common, albeit short, phase in the life of many (or even all) massive ellipticals. Jet-driven neutral outflows may represent one of the main feedback mechanisms in these galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in A&ALetter
One family of 13315 stable periodic orbits of the non-hierarchical unequal-mass triple system
Creators: name: Li, Xiaoming
name: Li, Xiaochen
name: Liao, Shijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three-body problem has been studied for more than three centuries [1,2], and has received much attention in recent years [3-5]. It shows complex dynamical phenomena due to the mutual gravitational interaction of the three bodies. Triple systems are common in astronomy, but all observed periodic triple systems are hierarchical up till now [6-8]. It is traditionally believed that bound non-hierarchical triple systems are almost unstable and disintegrate into a stable binary system and a single star [5], and thus stable periodic orbits of non-hierarchical triple systems are rather scarce. Here we report one family of 13315 stable periodic orbits of the non-hierarchical triple system with unequal mass. Compared with the narrow mass region (only 10E-5) of the stable figure-eight solution [9], our newly-found stable periodic orbits can have fairly large mass region. It is found that many of these newly-found stable periodic orbits have the mass ratios close to those of the hierarchical triple systems that have been measured by the astronomical observation. It implies that these stable periodic orbits of the non-hierarchical triple system with distinctly unequal masses can be quite possibly observed in practice. Our investigation also suggests that there should exist an infinite number of stable periodic orbits of non-hierarchical triple systems with distinctly unequal masses. Obviously, these stable periodic orbits of the non-hierarchical unequal-mass triple system have broad impact for the astrophysical scenario: they could inspire the theoretical and observational study of the non-hierarchical triple system, the formation of triple stars [6], the gravitational waves pattern [10] and the gravitational waves observation [11] of the non-hierarchical triple system.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures
Incentives to Efficient Investment Decisions in Agricultural Cooperatives
Creators: name: Russo, Carlo
name: Sabbatini, Massimo
name: Russo, Carlo
name: Sabbatini, Massimo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: agricultural cooperatives
subject: investment efficiency

description: Recent studies have questioned the competitiveness of agricultural cooperatives in an industrialized food system, based on empirical results and economic theory. New organizational institutions have been proposed to overcome the cooperative main weaknesses (the so called new generation cooperatives). In this paper, we provide a simple model based on a financial approach to address the issue of cooperative competitiveness and to assess the investment efficiency of both traditional and new generation cooperatives. The main conclusions of the analysis are: i) cooperatives (both traditional and new generation ones) may have incentive to adopt projects that do not maximize the Net Present Value of the firm ii) the institutions of new generation cooperatives are not sufficient to ensure net present value maximization, even though they address some of the main concerns of traditional cooperatives iii) traditional cooperatives may have a competitive advantage in businesses that require the aggregation of a large number of farmers.
Additional file 4 of Defining Kawasaki disease and pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome-temporally associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection during SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Italy: results from a national, multicenter survey
Creators: name: Cattalini, Marco
name: Paolera, Sara Della
name: Zunica, Fiammetta
name: Bracaglia, Claudia
name: Giangreco, Manuela
name: Verdoni, Lucio
name: Meini, Antonella
name: Sottile, Rita
name: Caorsi, Roberta
name: Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo
name: Fabi, Marianna
name: Montin, Davide
name: Meneghel, Alessandra
name: Consolaro, Alessandro
name: Dellepiane, Rosa Maria
name: Maggio, Maria Cristina
name: Torre, Francesco La
name: Marchesi, Alessandra
name: Simonini, Gabriele
name: Villani, Alberto
name: Cimaz, Rolando
name: Ravelli, Angelo
name: Taddio, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Appendix 4. Clinical comparison between Kawasaki Disease patients seen during SARS-CoV-2 in high epidemic regions (Piedmont and Lombardy) and Kawasaki Disease Patients in low epidemic regions.
Demonstration of an All-Microwave Controlled-Phase Gate between Far Detuned Qubits
Creators: name: Krinner, S.
name: Kurpiers, P.
name: Royer, B.
name: Magnard, P.
name: Tsitsilin, I.
name: Besse, J. -C.
name: Remm, A.
name: Blais, A.
name: Wallraff, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A challenge in building large-scale superconducting quantum processors is to find the right balance between coherence, qubit addressability, qubit-qubit coupling strength, circuit complexity and the number of required control lines. Leading all-microwave approaches for coupling two qubits require comparatively few control lines and benefit from high coherence but suffer from frequency crowding and limited addressability in multi-qubit settings. Here, we overcome these limitations by realizing an all-microwave controlled-phase gate between two transversely coupled transmon qubits which are far detuned compared to the qubit anharmonicity. The gate is activated by applying a single, strong microwave tone to one of the qubits, inducing a coupling between the two-qubit $|f,g\rangle$ and $|g,e\rangle$ states, with $|g\rangle$, $|e\rangle$, and $|f\rangle$ denoting the lowest energy states of a transmon qubit. Interleaved randomized benchmarking yields a gate fidelity of $97.5\pm 0.3 \%$ at a gate duration of $126\,\rm{ns}$, with the dominant error source being decoherence. We model the gate in presence of the strong drive field using Floquet theory and find good agreement with our data. Our gate constitutes a promising alternative to present two-qubit gates and could have hardware scaling advantages in large-scale quantum processors as it neither requires additional drive lines nor tunable couplers.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
A Hubble Space Telescope Snapshot Survey of Dynamically Close Galaxy Pairs in the CNOC2 Redshift Survey
Creators: name: Patton, D. R.
name: Grant, J. K.
name: Simard, L.
name: Pritchet, C. J.
name: Carlberg, R. G.
name: Borne, K. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the structural properties of two classes of galaxies at intermediate redshift: those in dynamically close galaxy pairs, and those which are isolated. Both samples are selected from the CNOC2 Redshift Survey, and have redshifts in the range 0.1 < z <0.6. Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 images were acquired as part of a snapshot survey, and were used to measure bulge fraction and asymmetry for these galaxies. We find that paired and isolated galaxies have identical distributions of bulge fractions. Conversely, we find that paired galaxies are much more likely to be asymmetric (R_T+R_A >= 0.13) than isolated galaxies. Assuming that half of these pairs are unlikely to be close enough to merge, we estimate that 40% +/- 11% of merging galaxies are asymmetric, compared with 9% +/- 3% of isolated galaxies. The difference is even more striking for strongly asymmetric (R_T+R_A >= 0.16) galaxies: 25% +/- 8% for merging galaxies versus 1% +/- 1% for isolated galaxies. We find that strongly asymmetric paired galaxies are very blue, with rest-frame B-R colors close to 0.80, compared with a mean (B-R)_0 of 1.24 for all paired galaxies. In addition, asymmetric galaxies in pairs have strong [OII]3727 emission lines. We conclude that close to half of the galaxy pairs in our sample are in the process of merging, and that most of these mergers are accompanied by triggered star formation.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal. 40 pages, including 15 figures. For full resolution version, please see http://www.trentu.ca/physics/dpatton/hstpairs/
Analysis of Consumer Perceptions on Quality and Food Safety in the Spanish Beef Market: A Future Application in New Product Development
Creators: name: De Carlos, Pilar
name: Garcia Martinez, Marian
name: De Felipe, Isabel
name: Briz, Julian
name: Morais, Federico
name: De Carlos, Pilar
name: Garcia Martinez, Marian
name: De Felipe, Isabel
name: Briz, Julian
name: Morais, Federico
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: focus groups
subject: NVivo software
subject: quality perception
subject: food choice and food safety

description: During the last years, the research of food quality perception and food safety have been issue of greater attention due to the intense existing debate on aspects related to ethical considerations relative to the new agricultural production techniques, animal welfare concerns, food scares and crises and their impact in consumer's confidence, that have brought numerous questions about quality and food safety. With the Total Food Quality Model as a point of departure, this study proposes an analysis of quality perception and food safety related to beef in Spain. The objective of this paper is to focus on the focus group technique and the qualitative research, using NVivo software for the handling, analysing and interpretation of qualitative data. Results indicate the more significant factors for habits of purchase, place of shopping, quality and food safety perception, role and confidence on brands and willingness to pay for certified beef. Some of the outcomes are supported by the quantitative research results, which is currently in progress.
The Credit Support System in the Polish Agriculture. The Evaluation of 10 Years Performances
Creators: name: Danilowska, Alina
name: Danilowska, Alina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: preferential credit
subject: cooperative bank
subject: credit market

description: The aim of the paper is to evaluate the 10 years performance of the credit support system in the Polish agriculture. The analysis showed that during 10 years of the running the system about 10% of farms were its beneficiaries. The positive changes in agricultural sector took place but it is difficult to separate the credit assistance effects. The system has the advantageous influence on the creation of the sustainable financial system in the rural areas by helping cooperatives banks to overcome difficulties by generating stable farmers' credit demand.
Shear viscosity of classical Yang-Mills field
Creators: name: Matsuda, Hidefumi
name: Kunihiro, Teiji
name: Müller, Berndt
name: Ohnishi, Akira
name: Takahashi, Toru T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the shear viscosity $η$ of the classical Yang-Mills (CYM) field on a lattice by using the Green-Kubo formula, where the shear viscosity is calculated from the time-correlation function of the energy-momentum tensor in equilibrium. Dependence of the shear viscosity $η(g,T)$ on the coupling $g$ and temperature $T$ is represented by a scaling function $f_η(g^2T)$ as $η(g,T)=Tf_η(g^2T)$ due to the scaling-invariant property of the CYM. The explicit functional form of $f_η(g^2T)$ is successfully determined from the calculated shear viscosity: It turns out that $η(g,T)$ of the CYM field is proportional to $1/g^{1.10-1.88}$ at weak coupling, which is a weaker dependence on $g$ than that in the leading-order perturbation theory but consistent with that of the "anomalous viscosity" $η\propto 1/g^{1.5}$ under the strong disordered field. The obtained shear viscosity is also found to be roughly consistent with that estimated through the analysis of the anisotropy of the pressure of the CYM dynamics in the expanding geometry with recourse to a hydrodynamic equation.
description: 10pages, 11figures
Economic Consequences of Biological Variation: The Case of Mycoplasma in Swine Herds
Creators: name: Otto, Lars
name: Otto, Lars
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: decision support system
subject: Bayesian network
subject: pig
subject: mycoplasma

description: We present an economic decision support model, based on a Bayesian network, for Mycoplasma infection in slaughter swine production. The model describes the various risk factors for Mycoplasma infection and their interactions. This leads to a stochastic determination of the consequences of productivity factors, and this again results in stochastic economic consequences when changing the risk factors or engaging in control arrangements. We use the model to calculate how estimated prevalence and level of Mycoplasma changes when we gather evidence from various veterinarian examinations, and we show how this influences the distribution of the economic results of a change in strategy to fight Mycoplasma. One result is that the profitability in fighting Mycoplasma alone is questionable, i.e. risky, thus we must consider the loss of all related diseases in a decision context.
Optical novae: the major class of supersoft X-ray sources in M 31
Creators: name: Pietsch, W.
name: Fliri, J.
name: Freyberg, M. J.
name: Greiner, J.
name: Haberl, F.
name: Riffeser, A.
name: Sala, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We searched for X-ray counterparts of optical novae detected in M 31 and M 33. We combined an optical nova catalogue from the WeCAPP survey with optical novae reported in the literature and correlated them with the most recent X-ray catalogues from ROSAT, XMM-Newton and Chandra, and - in addition - searched for nova correlations in archival data. We report 21 X-ray counterparts for novae in M 31 - mostly identified as supersoft sources (SSS) by their hardness ratios - and two in M 33. Our sample more than triples the number of known optical novae with supersoft X-ray phase. Most of the counterparts are covered in several observations allowing us to constrain their X-ray light curves. Selected brighter sources were classified by their XMM-Newton EPIC spectra. We use the well determined start time of the SSS state in two novae to estimate the hydrogen mass ejected in the outburst to ~10^{-5}M_sun and ~10^{-6}M_sun, respectively. The supersoft X-ray phase of at least 15% of the novae starts within a year. At least one of the novae shows a SSS state lasting 6.1 years after the optical outburst. Six of the SSSs turned on between 3 and 9 years after the optical discovery of the outburst and may be interpreted as recurrent novae. If confirmed, the detection of a delayed SSS phase turn-on may be used as a new method to classify novae as recurrent. At the moment, the new method yields a ratio of recurrent novae to classical novae of 0.3 which is in agreement (within the errors) with previous works.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, A&A revised version, 1 nova in M33 added, restructured discussion, summary and conclusions
The Impacts of Alternative Policy Scenarios on Multifunctionality
Creators: name: Lehtonen, Heikki
name: Lankoski, Jussi E.
name: Niemi, Jyrki S.
name: Ollikainen, Markku
name: Lehtonen, Heikki
name: Lankoski, Jussi E.
name: Niemi, Jyrki S.
name: Ollikainen, Markku
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: agricultural policy
subject: multifunctionality
subject: sector model

description: This paper provides first results of the sector model approach to analyze the effects of alternative policy scenarios on the multifunctional role of Finnish agriculture. In terms of environmental non-commodity outputs we focus on nutrient runoffs, landscape diversity and biodiversity. As regards to socio-economic outputs our focus is on direct and indirect agricultural labour force. The results suggest that while partial de-coupling agricultural supports from production is not likely to result in any drastic decline of agricultural production the amount of green fallow will increase considerably. As a result, the agricultural land will become biologically richer. The agricultural labour force is likely to decrease substantially irrespective of agricultural policy.
3d mirrors of the circle reduction of twisted $A_{2N}$ theories of class $\mathsf{S}$
Creators: name: Beratto, Emanuele
name: Giacomelli, Simone
name: Mekareeya, Noppadol
name: Sacchi, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mirror symmetry has proven to be a powerful tool to study several properties of higher dimensional superconformal field theories upon compactification to three dimensions. We propose a quiver description for the mirror theories of the circle reduction of twisted $A_{2N}$ theories of class $\mathsf{S}$ in four dimensions. Although these quivers bear a resemblance to the star-shaped quivers previously studied in the literature, they contain unitary, symplectic and special orthogonal gauge groups, along with hypermultiplets in the fundamental representation. The vacuum moduli spaces of these quiver theories are studied in detail. The Coulomb branch Hilbert series of the mirror theory can be matched with that of the Higgs branch of the corresponding four dimensional theory, providing a non-trivial check of our proposal. Moreover various deformations by mass and Fayet-Iliopoulos terms of such quiver theories are investigated. The fact that several of them flow to expected theories also gives another strong support for the proposal. Utilising the mirror quiver description, we discover a new supersymmetry enhancement renormalisation group flow.
description: 56 pages and a number of figures. Version 2: references and comment added