cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hydrodynamic theory of flocking at a solid-liquid interface: long range order and giant number fluctuations
Creators: name: Sarkar, Niladri
name: Basu, Abhik
name: Toner, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the hydrodynamic theory of coherent collective motion ("flocking") at a solid-liquid interface. The polar order parameter and concentration of a collection of "active" (self-propelled) particles at a planar interface between a passive, isotropic bulk fluid and a solid surface are dynamically coupled to the bulk fluid. We find that such systems are stable, and have long-range orientational order, over a wide range of parameters. When stable, these systems exhibit "giant number fluctuations", i.e., large fluctuations of the number of active particles in a fixed large area. Specifically, these number fluctuations grow as the $3/4$th power of the mean number within the area. Stable systems also exhibit anomalously rapid diffusion of tagged particles suspended in the passive fluid along any directions in a plane parallel to the solid-liquid interface, whereas the diffusivity along the direction perpendicular to the plane is non-anomalous. In other parameter regimes, the system becomes unstable.
description: 52 pages, 3 figures
Critical Current Oscillations in Strong Ferromagnetic Pi-Junctions
Creators: name: Robinson, J. W. A.
name: Piano, S.
name: Burnell, G.
name: Bell, C.
name: Blamire, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report magnetic and electrical measurements of Nb Josephson junctions with strongly ferromagnetic barriers of Co, Ni and Ni80Fe20 (Py). All these materials show multiple oscillations of critical current with barrier thickness implying repeated 0-pi phase-transitions in the superconducting order parameter. We show in particular that the Co barrier devices can be accurately modelled using existing clean limit theories and so that, despite the high exchange energy (309 meV), the large IcRN value in the pi-state means Co barriers are ideally suited to the practical development of superconducting pi-shift devices.
description: 4 pages 3 figures 1 table. Revised version as accepted for publication. To appear in Physical Review Letters
Pilot for an Interactive Living Network Meta-Analysis web application. Presentation at ESMARConf2021
Creators: name: Nevill, Clareece
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The Complex Reviews Support Unit in the UK currently host a freely available web application to conduct network meta-analysis (NMA), namely MetaInsight. By using RShiny, MetaInsight has an interactive point-and-click platform and presents visually intuitive results. The application leverages established analysis routines (specifically the ‘netmeta’ and ‘gemtc’ packages in R), whilst requiring no specialist software for the user to install. Through these features, MetaInsight is a powerful tool to support novice NMA users. The current coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic acted as a motivating example to pilot a ‘living’ version of MetaInsight. Subsequently, MetaInsight Covid-19 was developed, a tool for exploration, re-analysis, sensitivity analysis, and interrogation of data from living systematic reviews (LSRs) of COVID-19 treatments over a 5-month pilot period [crsu.shinyapps.io/metainsightcovid]. The functionality within MetaInsight was carried forward and a front page added presenting a summary analysis of the ‘living’ dataset. Data was continuously extracted and updated every week, with the results presented in the app automatically updated. Functionality of MetaInsight Covid-19 will be demonstrated and inner workings explained, the challenges that were faced and overcome will be shared, and the potential for the pilot to be extended to a generic Living MetaInsight for LSRs will be discussed.
Tilted Dirac cone effects and chiral symmetry breaking in a planar four-fermion model
Creators: name: Gomes, Y. M. P.
name: Ramos, Rudnei O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the chiral symmetry breaking in a planar four-fermion model with non-null chemical potential, temperature and including the effect of the tilt of the Dirac cone. The system is modeled with a $(2 + 1)$-dimensional Gross-Neveu-like interaction model in the context of the generalized Weyl Hamiltonian and its phase structure is studied in the mean-field and large-$N$ approximations. Possible applications of the results obtained, e.g., in connection to graphene, are discussed. We also discuss the effect of an external magnetic field applied to the system, which can give rise to the appearance of the anomalous Hall effect and that is expected to arise in connection with two-dimensional Weyl and Dirac semimetals.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures. Replaced with version matching the published one
Probing New Physics through B Mixing: Status, Benchmarks and Prospects
Creators: name: Ball, Patricia
name: Fleischer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As is well known, $B^0_{d,s}$--$\bar B^0_{d,s}$ mixing offers a profound probe into the effects of physics beyond the Standard Model. The data obtained at the $e^+e^-$ $B$ factories have already provided valuable insights into the $B_d$-meson system, and very recently also the $B^0_s$--$\bar B^0_s$ oscillation frequency $ΔM_s$ has been measured at the Tevatron. We give a critical discussion of the interpretation of these data in terms of model-independent new-physics parameters. We address in particular the impact of the uncertainties of the relevant input parameters, set benchmarks for their accuracies as required by future precision measurements at the LHC, and explore the prospects for new CP-violating effects in the $B_s$ system. To complement our model-independent analysis, we also discuss the constraints imposed by the CDF measurement of $ΔM_s$ on popular models of new physics, namely scenarios with an extra $Z'$ boson and supersymmetry. We find that the new data still leave sizeable room for new-physics contributions to $B^0_{s}$--$\bar B^0_{s}$ mixing, which could be detected at the LHC.
description: 28 pages and 12 figures
Additional file 3 of The goat pan-genome reveals patterns of gene loss during domestication
Creators: name: Liu, Jiaxin
name: Shi, Yilong
name: Mo, Dongxin
name: Luo, Lingyun
name: Xu, Songsong
name: Lv, Fenghua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Fig. S2. Model-based clustering of domestic goats and close wild relatives with different numbers of ancestral kinships (K = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8).
Franks_etal2021Biology Letters_ESM.docx from Hide-and-seek strategies and post-contact immobility
Creators: name: Franks, Nigel R.
name: Worley, Alan
name: Sendova-Franks, Ana B.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: To understand why an animal might gain by playing dead, or more precisely, exhibit post-contact immobility (PCI), we consider the context in which this behaviour occurs. Is it, for example, a method by which a potential victim encourages a predator to direct its attention elsewhere? We investigate this possibility by using the marginal value theorem to analyse predator behaviour in the context of this defence strategy by potential prey. We consider two models. In the first, (random revisiting) the predator may return to sites it has already depleted within the patch. In the second, (systematic search) the predator goes only to new sites within the patch. The results of the two models are qualitatively extremely similar. We show that when prey occur in patches, PCI favours prey survival. Indeed, certain antlion larvae have PCI durations characterized by very long half-lives. These appear to be of such long durations that further increases would convey no substantial benefits in redirecting potential predators to other antlions within the patch and subsequently to other patches.
Current induced by a tilted magnetic field in phosphorene under terahertz laser radiation
Creators: name: Kheirabadi, Narjes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we investigate the cyclotron resonance effect in the first-order AC current, magnetic ratchet effect, and second harmonic generation in phosphorene in the presence of a steady tilted magnetic field and under THz laser radiation. We establish that various cyclotron resonances exist in the deduced currents based on the angular frequency of the incoming light. These resonances are dependent on the $ω_{c_{+}}$ value, a function of the carrier charge, the perpendicular magnetic field, and the effective masses along the armchair or zigzag edges. We discuss the direction and the magnitude of the deduced currents for various radiation polarizations. We compare the results with a zero perpendicular magnetic field. Cyclotron resonance for the first order AC current occurs at $ω= \pm ω_{c_{+}}$. The deduced current declines if the perpendicular magnetic field is zero. Meanwhile, for the ratchet current, cyclotron resonances occur at $ω= \pm ω_{c_{+}}$, $ω= \pm 2ω_{c_{+}}$, and radiation helicity affects the deduced current for circularly polarized light. Cyclotron resonance for the second harmonic generation current occurs at $ω= \pm ω_{c_{+}}$, $ω= \pm 2 ω_{c_{+}}$ and $ω= \pm ω_{c_{+}}/2 $ and the current is stronger compared to the case with no perpendicular magnetic field. As the magnetic field rotates in the plane of anisotropic phosphorene, separate directions are predicted for the second harmonic generation--related current. It is noteworthy that the magnitude of the ratchet and second harmonic generation current are within the same range and comparable to the magnetic ratchet current in monolayer graphene, $μA / cm$.
Quantum mechanics: Myths and facts
Creators: name: Nikolic, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A common understanding of quantum mechanics (QM) among students and practical users is often plagued by a number of "myths", that is, widely accepted claims on which there is not really a general consensus among experts in foundations of QM. These myths include wave-particle duality, time-energy uncertainty relation, fundamental randomness, the absence of measurement-independent reality, locality of QM, nonlocality of QM, the existence of well-defined relativistic QM, the claims that quantum field theory (QFT) solves the problems of relativistic QM or that QFT is a theory of particles, as well as myths on black-hole entropy. The fact is that the existence of various theoretical and interpretational ambiguities underlying these myths does not yet allow us to accept them as proven facts. I review the main arguments and counterarguments lying behind these myths and conclude that QM is still a not-yet-completely-understood theory open to further fundamental research.
description: 51 pages, pedagogic review, revised, new references, to appear in Found. Phys
Cosmological Scattering Equations
Creators: name: Gomez, Humberto
name: Jusinskas, Renann Lipinski
name: Lipstein, Arthur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a worldsheet formula for tree-level correlation functions describing a scalar field with arbitrary mass and quartic self-interaction in de Sitter space, which is a simple model for inflationary cosmology. The correlation functions are located on the future boundary of the spacetime and are Fourier-transformed to momentum space. Our formula is supported on mass-deformed scattering equations involving conformal generators in momentum space and reduces to the CHY formula for $ϕ^4$ amplitudes in the flat space limit. Using the global residue theorem, we verify that it reproduces the Witten diagram expansion at four and six points, and sketch the extension to $n$ points.
description: v3. minor changes, accepted to PRL
Black hole thermodynamics in the presence of nonlinear electromagnetic fields
Creators: name: Bokulić, Ana
name: Jurić, Tajron
name: Smolić, Ivica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the interaction between the black holes and highly energetic infalling charged matter receives quantum corrections, the basic laws of black hole mechanics have to be carefully rederived. Using the covariant phase space formalism, we generalize the first law of black hole mechanics, both "equilibrium state" and "physical process" versions, in the presence of nonlinear electrodynamics fields, defined by Lagrangians depending on both quadratic electromagnetic invariants, $F_{ab}F^{ab}$ and $F_{ab}\,{\star F}^{ab}$. Derivation of this law demands a specific treatment of the Lagrangian parameters, similar to embedding of the cosmological constant into thermodynamic context. Furthermore, we discuss the validity of energy conditions, several complementing proofs of the zeroth law of black hole electrodynamics and some aspects of the recently generalized Smarr formula, its (non-)linearity and relation to the first law.
description: 20 pages (two columns), 2 figures; ver.3: version accepted for publication in Physical Review D (several additional technical comments and references; one paragraph added to the "Discussion")
Ψυχοπαιδαγωγικές διαστάσεις του Παιχνιδιού στον Κινηματογράφο, σε δύσκολες συνθήκες
Creators: name: Φραγκούλη, Μαρία Μιχαήλ
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: παιχνίδι
παιδί
κινηματογράφος
playtime
child
cinema

description: Στην παρούσα εργασία μελετάται το παιχνίδι και πως αναπτύσσεται σε συνθήκες δύσκολες, μη ευνοϊκές για την διαβίωση όπως είναι ο πόλεμος, η φτώχεια, οι δυσλειτουργικές οικογενειακές σχέσεις κι άλλες παρόμοιες συνθήκες. Tο δείγμα της παρούσας έρευνας επικεντρώνεται κυρίως στην τελευταία εικοσαετία, με την ανάλυση περιεχομένου και την πολιτισμική ανάλυση ως μεθοδολογία, αναλύεται ο ρόλος του παιχνιδιού, η σημασία του, αλλά και ο τρόπος που εμπλέκονται τα πρόσωπα-χαρακτήρες των ταινιών είτε είναι παιδιά είτε ενήλικες καθώς και την μεταξύ τους αλληλεπίδραση. Η αφετηρία της εργασίας ήταν σαφώς το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο κατά το οποίο παρουσιάστηκε σύντομα η εξέλιξη του Κινηματογράφου, η στενή του σχέση με την Λογοτεχνία, η απαρχή και η εξέλιξη της θέσης του παιδιού σε κινηματογραφικές ταινίες, καθώς και η ψυχοπαιδαγωγική σημασία του παιχνιδιού στην ανάπτυξη του παιδιού
description: This thesis examines playtime and the ways in which it evolves under difficult circumstances, not beneficial for the livelihood such as wartime, poverty, dysfunctional familial relationships and other similar conditions. The sample of this present research is focused mainly on the past twenty years, using content analysis and cultural analysis as its methodology. The role of playtime and its importance, as well as the way movie characters (children or adults) get involved in it and interact with each other are meticulously analyzed. This thesis is based on a theoretical background according to which the progress of cinema and its close relationship with literature are presented. Finally, this thesis sheds light on the beginning and development of the child’s place into films as well as the psycho-pedagogical importance of playtime to the child’s development
Observation of a new excited beauty strange baryon decaying to $Ξ^-_\mathrm{b} π^+ π^-$
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $Ξ^-_\mathrm{b} π^+ π^-$ invariant mass spectrum is investigated with an event sample of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2016-2018 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb$^{-1}$. The ground state $Ξ^-_\mathrm{b}$ is reconstructed via its decays to J$/ψ$ $Ξ^-$ and J$/ψ$ $Ξ^-$ $Λ$ K$^-$. A narrow resonance, labeled $Ξ_\mathrm{b}$(6100)$^-$, is observed at a $Ξ^-_\mathrm{b} π^+ π^-$ invariant mass of 6100.3 $\pm$ 0.2 (stat) $\pm$ 0.1 (syst) $\pm$ 0.6 ($Ξ^-_\mathrm{b}$) MeV, where the last uncertainty reflects the precision of the $Ξ^-_\mathrm{b}$ baryon mass. The upper limit on the $Ξ_\mathrm{b}$(6100)$^-$ natural width is determined to be 1.9 MeV at 95% confidence level. Following analogies with the established excited $Ξ_\mathrm{c}$ baryon states, the new $Ξ_\mathrm{b}$(6100)$^-$ resonance and its decay sequence are consistent with the orbitally excited $Ξ^-_\mathrm{b}$ baryon, with spin and parity quantum numbers $J^P$ $=$ 3/2$^-$.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/BPH-20-004 (CMS Public Pages)
Anthrax, fairly undetected in Papua New Guinea
Creators: name: Makaen, Johnson
name: Tasi, Lydia
Publisher: name: Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety (VESPA)
Year: 2015
Subjects: Bacillus anthracis, anthrax, epidemic and Papua New Guinea

description: Anthrax is caused by the organism Bacillus anthracis. The organism is globally occurring and epidemics are reported the world over. It is an important infectious disease of domestic animals and can survive harsh conditions that would otherwise be drastic for other microorganisms. To date, no outbreak has been reported in the Pacific Island region except Australia and New Zealand where B. anthracis has been isolated from livestock. Papua New Guinea has had sporadic (reported) instances of anthrax outbreak, but has not been scientifically established. It is still unclear if the anthrax causing organism is present in the environment or wildlife in the country. It remains to be so until scientific evidence becomes available. This article aims to review scientific evidence of anthrax in the country.
description: International Journal of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Vol 2, No 1 (2015)
Model Independent Measurement of Form Factors in the Decay D^+ --> K^- pi^+ e^+ nu_e
Creators: name: Shepherd, M. R.
name: Collaboration, CLEO
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present model independent measurements of the helicity basis form factors in the decay D+ -> K- pi+ e+ nu_e obtained from about 2800 decays reconstructed from a 281 pb^{-1} data sample collected at the psi(3770) center-of-mass energy with the CLEO-c detector. We confirm the existence of a previously observed spin-zero K- pi+ component interfering with the K*0bar amplitude. We see no evidence for additional d- or f-wave contributions.
description: 13 pages postscript,also available through http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS/2006/
External-level assisted cooling by measurement
Creators: name: Yan, Jia-shun
name: Jing, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum resonator in a thermal-equilibrium state with a high temperature has a large average population and is featured with significant occupation over Fock states with a high excitation number. The resonator could be cooled down via continuous measurements on the ground state of a coupled two-level system (qubit). We find, however, that the measurement-induced cooling might become inefficient in the high-temperature regime. Beyond the conventional strategy, we introduce strong driving between the excited state of the qubit and an external level. It can remarkably broaden the cooling range in regard to the non-vanishing populated Fock states of the resonator. Without any precooling procedure, our strategy allows a significant reduction of the populations over Fock states with a high excitation number, giving rise to nondeterministic ground-state cooling after a sequence of measurements. The driving-induced fast transition constrains the resonator and the ancillary qubit at their ground state upon measurement and then simulates the quantum Zeno effect. Our protocol is applied to cool down a high-temperature magnetic resonator. Additionally, it is generalized to a hybrid cooling protocol by interpolating the methods with and without strong driving, which can accelerate the cooling process and increase the overlap between the final state of the resonator and its ground state.
On the Moduli Space of Singular Euclidean Surfaces
Creators: name: Troyanov, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30F60 (30F45, 32G15)

description: The goal of this paper is to develop some aspects of the deformation theory of piecewise flat structures on surfaces and use this theory to construct new geometric structures on the moduli space of Riemann surfaces.
description: To appear in the Handbook of Teichmuller Theory, vol. 1, ed. A. Papadopoulos, European Math. Society Series, 2007
Measurement of high energy dark matter from the Sun at IceCube
Creators: name: Xu, Ye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is assumed that heavy dark matter particles (HDMs) with a mass of O(TeV) are captured by the Sun. HDMs can decay to relativistic light dark matter particles (LDMs), which could be measured by km$^3$ neutrino telescopes (like the IceCube detector). The numbers and fluxes of expected LDMs and neutrinos were evaluated at IceCube with the $Z^{\prime}$ portal dark matter model. Based on the assumption that no events are observed at IceCube in 6 years, the corresponding upper limits on LDM fluxes were calculated at 90\% C. L.. These results indicated that LDMs could be directly detected in the O(1TeV)-O(10TeV) energy range at IceCube with 100 GeV $\lesssim m_{Z^{\prime}} \lesssim$ 350 GeV and $τ_ϕ \lesssim 5\times10^{22}$ s.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 4 of The goat pan-genome reveals patterns of gene loss during domestication
Creators: name: Liu, Jiaxin
name: Shi, Yilong
name: Mo, Dongxin
name: Luo, Lingyun
name: Xu, Songsong
name: Lv, Fenghua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Fig. S3. Maximum-likelihood tree based on novel SNPs for domestic goats and close wild relatives (clustered based on population, the node names consisted of the population names and the individual numbers, separated by the character "-".).
Μετατόπιση της απονεύρωσης της μακράς κεφαλής του δικέφαλου μηριαίου κατά την έκκεντρη άσκηση
Creators: name: Φαλιακάκης, Ιωάννης Στέργιος Πέτρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Οπίσθιοι Μηριαίοι
Υπέρηχος
Έκκεντρη
Hamstring
Ultrasound
Eccentric

description: Οι οπίσθιοι μηριαίοι είναι από τους βασικότερους μύες λειτουργίας των κάτω άκρων και χρησιμοποιούνται καθημερινά . Η καταπόνηση και ο τραυματισμός των μυών αυτών είναι από τους πιο σοβαρούς κι επίπονους τραυματισμούς στο χώρο του αθλητισμού. Σκοπός αυτής της μελέτης ήταν να αξιολογηθεί η μετατόπιση της απονεύρωσης της μακράς κεφαλής του δικέφαλου μηριαίου κατά την έκκεντρη άσκηση χρησιμοποιώντας υπέρηχο σε φοιτητές χωρίς ιστορικό τραυματισμού στους οπίσθιους μηριαίους. Το δείγμα της έρευνας μας αποτέλεσαν εθελοντικά 10 προπτυχιακοί φοιτητές ( 21± 4έτη, 1,83cm ± 0,17cm ύψος και 78,7kg ± 13kg βάρος) του ΤΕΦΑΑ Σερρών αρσενικού φύλου, ανεξαρτήτου ηλικία και προπονητικής εμπειρίας. Κατά την πειραματική διαδικασία τα άτομα υποβλήθηκαν σε δοκιμασία έκκεντρης αξιολόγησης 0ο έως 40ο γωνία στο δεξιό άκρο. Παράλληλα με τις έκκεντρες συσπάσεις έγινε καταγραφή της μετατόπισης της απονεύρωσης της μακράς κεφαλής του δικέφαλου μηριαίου χρησιμοποιώντας υπέρηχο. Το t- test για εξαρτημένα δείγματα έδειξε ότι η μετατόπιση του τένοντα κατά την λήξη της άσκησης (11 mm) αυξήθηκε στατιστικά σημαντικά σε σχέση με την έναρξή της (20.5 mm) (p < 0.05). Η παρούσα έρευνα είναι η πρώτη που δείχνει ότι κατά την εκτέλεση μιας έκκεντρης άσκησης των οπισθίων μηριαίων, υπάρχει μια διάταση του συνδετικού στοιχείου του μυός, που φτάνει το 50%
description: The hamstrings are among the most important function of the leg muscles and are used daily. The strain and injury of these muscles is one of the most serious and painful injuries in the field of sports. The purpose of this study was to evaluate stretching of aponeurosis in the long head of the bicep femoris during eccentric exercise with use of ultrasound to students with no history of injury to the hamstrings. The sample of our survey was volunteered by 10 undergraduate students (21 ± 4 years, 1.83cm ± 0.17cm height and 78.7kg ± 13kg weight) of the Department Of Physical Education & Sports Science at Serres, regardless of age and training experience. During the experiment, the participants were subjected to an eccentric evaluation test 0o to 40o corner at the right leg. Parallel to the eccentric contractions, the displacement of the long head of the biceps was recorded by ultrasound. The t-test for dependent specimens showed that the displacement of the tendon at the end of exercise (11 mm) increased statistically significantly relative to its onset (20.5 mm) (p <0.05). This research is the first to show that when performing an eccentric exercise on the hamstrings, there is a stretch of muscle connective tissue that reaches 50%
Localization of atomic ensembles via superfluorescence
Creators: name: Macovei, M.
name: Evers, J.
name: Keitel, C. H.
name: Zubairy, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sub-wavelength localization of an ensemble of atoms concentrated to a small volume in space is investigated. The localization relies on the interaction of the ensemble with a standing wave laser field. The light scattered in the interaction of standing wave field and atom ensemble depends on the position of the ensemble relative to the standing wave nodes. This relation can be described by a fluorescence intensity profile, which depends on the standing wave field parameters, the ensemble properties, and which is modified due to collective effects in the ensemble of nearby particles. We demonstrate that the intensity profile can be tailored to suit different localization setups. Finally, we apply these results to two localization schemes. First, we show how to localize an ensemble fixed at a certain position in the standing wave field. Second, we discuss localization of an ensemble passing through the standing wave field.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
High Resolution Optical Velocity Fields of 11 Low Surface Brightness Galaxies
Creators: name: de Naray, Rachel Kuzio
name: McGaugh, Stacy S.
name: de Blok, W. J. G.
name: Bosma, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high resolution two-dimensional velocity fields from integral field spectroscopy along with derived rotation curves for eleven low surface brightness galaxies. We fit NFW and pseudo-isothermal halo models to the new data combined with previous long-slit and HI data. In most cases we find the pseudo-isothermal halo to better represent the data than the NFW halo, as the NFW concentrations are often lower than expected for a LambdaCDM cosmology. We also compare our results to previous studies and find that including the new two-dimensional optical data does not significantly alter the halo parameters, but does decrease the uncertainties by roughly a factor of 2.
description: 19 pages, 13 color figures; High resolution images at http://www.astro.umd.edu/~kuzio/PAPERS/dpakdata.html; Accepted for publication in ApJS
Open Access For Books: What, Why & How
Creators: name: Grady, Tom
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This presentation was delivered as part of the LAI Open Scholarship Group webinar: Unlocking Knowledge Through Open Access, on 7 March 2025. 

Speaker: Tom Grady, Birkbeck, University of London. Copim "Open Book Futures" Project Co-Lead
description: The Open Book Futures project is co-funded by Arcadia and Research England Development (RED) Fund (UKRI). Arcadia is a charitable foundation that works to protect nature, preserve cultural heritage and promote open access to knowledge. Since 2002 Arcadia has awarded more than $1 billion to organizations around the world. Research England Development (RED) Fund (UKRI) is a fund supporting institutional-level innovative projects in research and knowledge exchange including collaborations between education providers and between education providers and business.
Does the Reionization Model Influence the Constraints on Dark Matter Decay or Annihilation?
Creators: name: Chen, Lu
name: Wang, Ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If dark matter decay or annihilate, a large amount of energy and particles would be released into the cosmic plasma. Therefore, they could modify the thermal and ionization history of our universe, then leave footprints on the cosmic microwave background power spectra. In this paper, we take dark matter annihilation as an example and investigate whether different reionization models influence the constraints on dark matter annihilation. We consider the ionization history including both dark matter annihilation and star formation, then put constraints on DM annihilation. Combining the latest Planck data, BAO data, SNIa measurement, $Q_\text{HII}$ constraints from observations of quasars, as well as the star formation rate density from UV and IR data, the optical depth is $τ=0.0571^{+0.0005}_{-0.0006}$ at 68$\%$C.L. and the upper limit of $ε_0 f_d$ reads $2.7765\times 10^{-24}$ at 95$\%$C.L.. By comparison, we also constrain dark matter annihilation in the instantaneous reionization model from the same data combination except the $Q_\text{HII}$ constraints and star formation rate density. We get $τ=0.0559^{+0.0069}_{-0.0076}$ at 68$\%$C.L. and the upper limit of $ε_0 f_d$ is $2.8468\times 10^{-24}$ at 95$\%$C.L.. %, which is $2.5\%$ higher than the results in the previous model. This indicates various reionization models have little influence ($\lesssim 2.5\%$) on constraining parameters of dark matter decay or annihilation.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 3 of Bacteriomes in lesions of pulmonary tuberculosis and its association with status of Mycobacterium tuberculosis excretion
Creators: name: Du, Weili
name: Zhao, Yingli
name: Zhang, Li
name: Che, Jialu
name: Liu, Zichen
name: Li, Kun
name: Che, Nanying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Supplemental Figure 1. Boxplots showing the abundance of Menaquinone biosynthesis, Chorismate biosynthesis, Penicillin resistance and Heme biosynthesis in TB-E and TB-NE samples.
Measurement of Open Heavy Flavor Production with Single Muons in p+p and d+Au Collisions at RHIC
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaorong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy flavor production in hadronic collisions is dominated by gluonic processes and so is a sensitive probe of the gluon structure function in the nucleon and its modification in nuclei. A study of heavy flavor production in p+p and d+Au collisions in various kinematic regions presents an opportunity to probe cold nuclear medium effects; parton shadowing, color glass condensate, initial state energy loss, and coherent multiple scattering in final state interactions. The PHENIX muon arms cover both forward and backward directions in the rapidity range of $1.2 < |η| < 2.4$. We investigate single muon production from open heavy flavor and light mesons decay in p+p and d+Au collisions at forward and backward rapidity.
description: Strangeness in Quark Matter, 2006, UCLA
Survey on L^2-invariants and 3-manifolds
Creators: name: Lueck, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper give a survey about L^2-invariants focusing on 3-manifolds.
description: 38 pages. This is the final version and has been accepted for publication in the Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society
Quantum dissipative Rashba spin ratchets
Creators: name: Smirnov, Sergey
name: Bercioux, Dario
name: Grifoni, Milena
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict the possibility to generate a finite stationary spin current by applying an unbiased ac driving to a quasi-one-dimensional asymmetric periodic structure with Rashba spin-orbit interaction and strong dissipation. We show that under a finite coupling strength between the orbital degrees of freedom the electron dynamics at low temperatures exhibits a pure spin ratchet behavior, {\it i.e.} a finite spin current and the absence of charge transport in spatially asymmetric structures. It is also found that the equilibrium spin currents are not destroyed by the presence of strong dissipation.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, physical explanation of the results was added, role of the spin torque is now mentioned, Fig. 2 was changed: only the non-equilibrium spin current (the full spin current was removed) is now shown but for different dissipation intensity
Metallicity and age gradients in round elliptical galaxies
Creators: name: Baes, M.
name: Sil'chenko, O. K.
name: Moiseev, A. V.
name: Manakova, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We probe the stellar population age and metallicity distributions in nearby elliptical galaxies over the largest extension to date. Long-slit spectroscopy is made by using the spectrograph SCORPIO of the 6-m telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciencies. The Lick indices H-beta, Mg b, Fe5270, and Fe5335 are calculated along the slit up to radii of 1.3 to 3r_e in 4 galaxies and up to 0.5r_e in the fifth one. The comparison with evolutionary synthesis models of simple stellar populations allows us to disentangle age and metallicity and to measure both. We have found that the mean stellar age is constant along the radius only in one galaxy out of 5. The other 4 galaxies demonstrate quite different behaviour of the mean stellar age: the outer parts are older than the centres in 3 cases and younger - in one case. The metallicity gradients cannot be approximated by a single power law over the full radial extension in 4 galaxies of 5. The inner metallicity gradients within 0.5r_e are all rather steep, steeper than -0.4 metallicity dex per radius dex, and are inconsistent with the origin of the elliptical galaxies by a major merger.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, accepted to Astronomy and Astrophysics, fig 11 in low resolution version
An open study of mupirocin in Thai patients with skin infections
Creators: name: Piti Palungwachira, Pranee Palungwachira
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine,Srinakharinwirot University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Mupirocin, topical Antibiotic, skin infections: staphylococci:streptococi , Thai

description: 1, 7, Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences
Susy CP^(N-1) model and surfaces in R^(N^2-1)
Creators: name: Hussin, V.
name: Zakrzewski, W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe surfaces in R^{N^2-1} generated by the holomorphic solutions of the supersymmetric CP^{N-1} model. We show that these surfaces are described by the fundamental projector constructed out of the solutions of this model and that in the CP^{N-1} case the corresponding surface is a sphere. Although the coordinates of the sphere are superfields the sphere's curvature is constant. We show that for N>2 the corresponding surfaces can also be constructed from the similar projector.
Additional file 1 of Twin pregnancy and postpartum haemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Abdulsalam, Fatma A. M.
name: Bourdakos, Natalie E.
name: Burns, James W. F.
name: Zervides, Zoe Y.
name: Yap, Nathanael Q. E.
name: Adra, Maamoun
name: Nakanishi, Hayato
name: Than, Christian A.
name: Chervenak, Francis A.
name: Arulkumaran, Sir Sabaratnam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Eight fold quantum Hall phases in a time reversal symmetry broken tight binding model
Creators: name: Saha, Sudarshan
name: Nag, Tanay
name: Mandal, Saptarshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a time reversal symmetry (TRS) broken Kane-Mele model superimposed with Haldane model and chart out the phase diagram using spin Chern number to investigate the fate of quantum anomalous Hall insulator (QAHI) and quantum spin Hall insulator (QSHI) phases. Interestingly, in addition to QSHI and QAHI phase, the phase diagram unveils quantum anomalous spin Hall insulator (QASHI) phase where only one spin sector is topological. We also find multicritical points where three / four topological phase boundaries coalesce. These topological phases are protected by an effective TRS and a composite anti-unitary particle-hole symmetry leading to remarkable properties of edge modes. We find spin-selective, spin-polarized and spin-neutral edge transport in QASHI, QSHI and QAHI phases respectively. Our study indicates that the robustness of the topological phase mainly depends on the spin gap which does not necessarily vanish at the Dirac points across a topological phase transition. We believe that our proposals can be tested in near future using recent experimental advancements in solid state and cold atomic systems.
description: 7 pages and 4 figures
Blowup algebras of square-free monomial ideals and some links to combinatorial optimization problems
Creators: name: Gitler, I.
name: Reyes, E.
name: Villarreal, R. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13H10; 13F20

description: Let I=(x^{v_1},...,x^{v_q} be a square-free monomial ideal of a polynomial ring K[x_1,...,x_n] over an arbitrary field K and let A be the incidence matrix with column vectors {v_1},...,{v_q}. We will establish some connections between algebraic properties of certain graded algebras associated to I and combinatorial optimization properties of certain polyhedrons and clutters associated to A and I respectively. Some applications to Rees algebras and combinatorial optimization are presented. We study a conjecture of Conforti and Cornuéjols using an algebraic approach.
description: Rocky Mountain J. Math. 39 (2009), no. 1, 71--102
Ελλειπτικές Καμπύλες
Creators: name: Μυλωνάς, Ευάγγελος Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Αλγεβρικές Καμπύλες
Καμπύλες στο προβολικό επίπεδο
Ισογένειες ελλειπτικών καμπυλών
Algebraic curves
Projective curves
Isogenies of elliptic curves

description: Σκοπός της μεταπτυχιακής εργασίας ήταν η μελέτη των ελλειπτικών καμπυλών. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο αυτής της εργασίας, παρουσιάζεται ένας νόμος πρόσθεσης δύο σημείων επί μίας ελλειπτικής καμπύλης. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο, εισάγεται η έννοια της ελλειπτικής καμπύλης, της ισογένειας δύο ελλειπτικών καμπυλών, ενώ παρουσιάζονται και τύποι για τον υπολογισμό του αθροίσματος δύο σημείων μίας ελλειπτικής καμπύλης επί του αφινικού επιπέδου. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο μελετάται το θεώρημα των Mordell-Weil το οποίο μας πληροφορεί για την ομάδα των ορισμένων πάνω από τους ρητούς αριθμούς σημείων μίας ελλειπτικής καμπύλης. Τέλος, το τέταρτο κεφάλαιο είναι αφιερωμένο στο θεώρημα των Nagell- Lutz το οποίο μας πληροφορεί για τα πεπερασμένα τάξης σημεία μίας ελλειπτικής καμπύλης
description: The aim of the master thesis was the study of elliptic curves. In the first chapter of our thesis, we present an addition law of two points on an elliptic curve. In the next chapter, we introduce the definitions of the elliptic curve, the isogeny of elliptic curves while we also present some formulas for the calculation of the addition of two points of an elliptic curve on affine planes. In the third chapter, we examine the theorem of Mordell Weil, which informs us about the structure of the group of rational points of an elliptic curve. Finally, our last chapter is entirely tributed to Nagell Lutz theorem which informs us about the rational points with finite order
Political Economy Analysis in Supporting Women’s Electoral Candidacy: Lessons from Nauru
Creators: name: Palmieri, Sonia
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT: Dept. of Pacific Affairs, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University
Year: 2021

description: With elections expected in Samoa and Tonga in 2021, and Papua New Guinea in 2022, development partners will have already turned their attention to women’s inclusion in those electoral processes as a means by which to reach international democratic standards. Political economy analysis (PEA) — an evidence-based assessment of the political dynamics between structures, institutions and actors in a given context, used to inform policy and programming (DFAT 2016) — has become a fundamental part of program design and implementation, but remains underutilised in the particular area of women’s electoral programming. In their 2016 review of women’s candidate training, Barbara and Baker pointed to the importance of individual women candidates conducting their own localised political economy analyses, preferably at the micro or ‘electorate level’ (p. 2). This In Brief presents a related, but separate form of gender-sensitive PEA, undertaken by a development program to inform the design of a candidate training workshop prior to the general election held in August 2019 in Nauru. Three key lessons for gender-sensitive PEA are presented.
Additional file 2 of Twin pregnancy and postpartum haemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Abdulsalam, Fatma A. M.
name: Bourdakos, Natalie E.
name: Burns, James W. F.
name: Zervides, Zoe Y.
name: Yap, Nathanael Q. E.
name: Adra, Maamoun
name: Nakanishi, Hayato
name: Than, Christian A.
name: Chervenak, Francis A.
name: Arulkumaran, Sir Sabaratnam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2.
Συστήματα διανομής εμπορευμάτων στην πόλη
Creators: name: Εμμανουήλ, Δημοσθένης Αναστασίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Εφοδιαστική αλυσίδα
Αστικές εμπορευματικές μεταφορές
Αστικά κέντρα ενοποίησης εμπορευμάτων
Logistics
Urban freight transport
Urban consolidation centers

description: Η συνεχής αστικοποίηση έχει οδηγήσει στη συγκέντρωση της πλειονότητας του πληθυσμού και των οικονομικών δραστηριοτήτων στις πόλεις. Οι απαιτήσεις του αστικού περιβάλλοντος αυξάνουν συνεχώς την ανάγκη για μετακίνηση των ανθρώπων και μεταφορά αγαθών. Ο εφοδιασμός αγαθών σε μια περιοχή συμβάλλει στην ποιότητα ζωής σε αυτή. Η ανάγκη για μεταφορά αγαθών με το μικρότερο δυνατό κόστος για το περιβάλλον και τον άνθρωπο και την ταυτόχρονη οικονομική ανάπτυξη καθιστά απαραίτητη τη μελέτη των αστικών εμπορευματικών μεταφορών. Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία με θέμα «Συστήματα διανομής εμπορευμάτων στην πόλη» έχει ως αντικείμενο την περιγραφή των συστημάτων οργάνωσης και διανομής εμπορευμάτων στην πόλη καθώς και τον εντοπισμό και την αντιμετώπιση των δυσλειτουργιών και των προβλημάτων των αστικών εμπορευματικών μεταφορών. Στόχος της διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η αξιολόγηση των υφιστάμενων τρόπων μεταφοράς και διανομής αγαθών παγκοσμίως και η πρόταση λύσεων για την αποφυγή των δυσλειτουργιών και την εφαρμογή πρακτικών διανομής αγαθών στην πόλη περιβαλλοντικά φιλικών προς το περιβάλλον
description: Continued urbanization has led to the concentration of the majority of the population and economic activities in cities. The urban environment requirements increase constantly the needs for moving of people and goods. The supply of goods in an urban area contributes to the quality of life in it. The transport of goods at the lowest possible cost for the environment and human communities with simultaneous economic growth makes it necessary to study urban freight transport. This diploma thesis on "Systems of Goods Distribution in the City" aims at describing the systems for the organization and distribution of goods in the city and identifying the dysfunctions and their therapy. The goal of the thesis is the evaluation of the current ways of transportation and distribution of goods in the cities and to propose environmentally friendly solutions