cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous X-ray and gamma-ray observations of Cyg X-1 in the hard state by Ginga and OSSE
Creators: name: Gierlinski, Marek
name: Zdziarski, Andrzej A.
name: Done, Chris
name: Johnson, W. Neil
name: Ebisawa, Ken
name: Ueda, Yoshihiro
name: Haardt, Francesco
name: Phlips, Bernard F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present four X-ray/gamma-ray spectra of Cyg X-1 observed in the hard ('low') state simultaneously by Ginga and GRO/OSSE on 1991 July 6. The 3-30 keV Ginga spectra are well represented by power laws with an energy spectral index of alpha~0.6 and a Compton reflection component including a fluorescent Fe K-alpha corresponding to the solid angle of the reflector of ~0.3 times 2 Pi. The overall Ginga/OSSE spectra can be modelled by repeated Compton scattering in a mildly-relativistic, tau ~1, plasma. However, the high-energy cutoff is steeper than that due to single-temperature thermal Comptonisation. It can be described by a superposition of dominant optically-thin, thermal emission at kT~140 keV and a Wien-like component from an optically-thick plasma at kT~50 keV. The X-ray spectra do not show the presence of an anisotropy break required if thermal Compton scattering takes place in a corona above a cold disc. Also, the flat spectral index shows that the plasma is soft-photon starved, i.e., the luminosity in incident soft X-ray seed photons is very much less than that in the hard X-rays. Furthermore, the observed solid angle of the reflector is significantly less than 2 pi. These facts taken together strongly rule out a disc-corona geometry. Rather, the observed spectra are consistent with a geometry in which the cold accretion disc (which both supplies the seed soft X-rays and reflects hard X-rays) only exists at large radii, while the Comptonising hot plasma is located in an inner region with no cold disc. This hot plasma consists of either pure electron-positron pairs if the source size is ~5 Schwarzschild radii or it contains also protons if the size is larger.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted to M.N.R.A.S
Obstacle Detection and Safeguarding for a HIgh-Speed Autonomous Hydraulic Excavator
Creators: name: Leger, Chris
name: Rowe, Patrick
name: Bares, John
name: Boehmke, Scott
name: Stentz, Anthony
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: 80101 Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hydraulic excavators are large, powerful machines which are often operated in high-production settings. Successful automation of excavators for mass excavation tasks require safeguarding algorithms which do not negatively impact productivity. We present a two-level sensor-based safeguarding approach which utilizes obstacle detection to prevent collisions and motion detection to halt operation when unanticipated vehicles or people approach the excavator.
Thermodynamics of Hidden Sector Gaugino Condensation in the Expanding Universe
Creators: name: Goldberg, Haim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work examines the confining-deconfining phase transition in a hidden Yang Mills sector with scale $Λ\sim 10^{14}$ GeV appropriate to dilaton stabilization and SUSY-breaking via formation of a gaugino consensate. If the transition is assumed to take place through homogenous nucleation, then under reasonable assumptions it is found that a critical bubble, formed at a temperature which provides enough supercooling, is not large enough to accommodate an adequate number $(\gsim 100)$ of quanta of the confined phase (`hidden hadrons') to allow a consistent thermodynamic description. Thus, a first order transition in the hidden sector may not be possible in the expanding universe.
description: 13 pages LaTex, no figures
Scalable Sparse Cox's Regression for Large-Scale Survival Data via Broken Adaptive Ridge
Creators: name: Kawaguchi, Eric S.
name: Suchard, Marc A.
name: Liu, Zhenqiu
name: Li, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper develops a new scalable sparse Cox regression tool for sparse high-dimensional massive sample size (sHDMSS) survival data. The method is a local $L_0$-penalized Cox regression via repeatedly performing reweighted $L_2$-penalized Cox regression. We show that the resulting estimator enjoys the best of $L_0$- and $L_2$-penalized Cox regressions while overcoming their limitations. Specifically, the estimator is selection consistent, oracle for parameter estimation, and possesses a grouping property for highly correlated covariates. Simulation results suggest that when the sample size is large, the proposed method with pre-specified tuning parameters has a comparable or better performance than some popular penalized regression methods. More importantly, because the method naturally enables adaptation of efficient algorithms for massive $L_2$-penalized optimization and does not require costly data driven tuning parameter selection, it has a significant computational advantage for sHDMSS data, offering an average of 5-fold speedup over its closest competitor in empirical studies.
Numerical scheme for treatment of Uehling-Uhlenbeck equation for two-particle interactions in relativistic plasma
Creators: name: Prakapenia, M. A.
name: Siutsou, I. A.
name: Vereshchagin, G. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new efficient method to compute Uehling-Uhlenbeck collision integral for all two-particle interactions in relativistic plasma with drastic improvement in computation time with respect to existing methods. Plasma is assumed isotropic in momentum space. The set of reactions consists of: Moeller and Bhabha scattering, Compton scattering, two-photon pair annihilation, and two-photon pair production, which are described by QED matrix elements. In our method exact energy and particle number conservation laws are satisfied. Reaction rates are compared, where possible, with the corresponding analytical expressions and convergence of numerical rates is demonstrated.
Observing Pose and Motion through Contact
Creators: name: Jia, Yan-Bin
name: Erdmann, Michael
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: 80101 Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper investigates how to “observe” a planar object being pushed by a ﬁnger. The pushing is governed by a non-linear system that relates through contact the object pose and motion to the ﬁnger motion. Nonlinear observability theory is employed to show that the contact information is often sufﬁcient for the ﬁnger to determine not only the pose but also the motion of the object. Therefore a sensing strategy can be realized as an observer of the nonlinear dynamical system, which is subsequently introduced. The observer, based on the result of [6], has its “gain” determined by the solution of a Lyapunov-like equation. Simulations have been done to demonstrate the feasibility of the observer. A sensor has been implemented using strain gauges and mounted on an Adept robot with which preliminary experiments have been conducted. From a general perspective, this work presents an approach for acquiring geometric and dynamical information about a task from a small amount of tactile data, with the application of nonlinear observability theory.
Production of $η\prime$ Mesons in the $pp \to ppη\prime$ Reaction at 3.67 GeV/c
Creators: name: Disto Collaboration
name: Balestra, F.
name: Bedfer, Y.
name: Bertini, R.
name: Bland, L. C.
name: Brenschede, A.
name: Brochard, F.
name: Bussa, M. P.
name: Choi, Seonho
name: Debowski, M.
name: Dzemidzic, M.
name: Faivre, J. -Cl.
name: Falomkin, I. V.
name: Fava, L.
name: Ferrero, L.
name: Foryciarz, J.
name: Froehlich, I.
name: Frolov, V.
name: Garfagnini, R.
name: Grasso, A.
name: Heinz, S.
name: Ivanov, V. V.
name: Jacobs, W. W.
name: Kuehn, W.
name: Maggiora, A.
name: Maggiora, M.
name: Manara, A.
name: Panzieri, D.
name: Pfaff, H. -W.
name: Piragino, G.
name: Pontecorvo, G. B.
name: Popov, A.
name: Ritman, J.
name: Salabura, P.
name: Tchalyshev, V.
name: Tosello, F.
name: Vigdor, S. E.
name: Zosi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ratio of the total exclusive production cross sections for $η\prime$ and $η$ mesons has been measured in the $pp$ reaction at $p_{beam}=3.67$ GeV/c. The observed $η\prime/η$ ratio is $(0.83\pm{0.11}^{+0.23}_{-0.18})\times 10^{-2}$ from which the exclusive $η\prime$ meson production cross section is determined to be $(1.12\pm{0.15}^{+0.42}_{-0.31})μb$. Differential cross section distributions have been measured. Their shape is consistent with isotropic $η\prime$ meson production.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, accepted by Phys.Lett.B
Suppressing Linear Power on Dwarf Galaxy Halo Scales
Creators: name: White, Martin
name: Croft, Rupert A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently is has been suggested that the dearth of small halos around the Milky Way arises due to a modification of the primordial power spectrum of fluctuations from inflation. Such modifications would be expected to alter the formation of structure from bottom-up to top-down on scales near where the short-scale power has been suppressed. Using cosmological simulations we study the effects of such a modification of the initial power spectrum. While the halo multiplicity function depends primarily on the linear theory power spectrum, most other probes of power are more sensitive to the non-linear power spectrum. Collapse of large-scale structures as they go non-linear regenerates a ``tail'' in the power spectrum, masking small-scale modifications to the primordial power spectrum except at very high-z. Even the small-scale (k>2h/Mpc) clustering of the Ly-alpha forest is affected by this process, so that CDM models with sufficient power suppression to reduce the number of 10^10 Msun halos by a factor of about 5 give similar Ly-alpha forest power spectrum results. We conclude that other observations that depend more directly on the number density of collapsed objects, such as the number of damped Ly-alpha systems, or the redshift of reionization may provide the most sensitive tests of these models.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Characterising particulate random media from near-surface backscattering: a machine learning approach to predict particle size and concentration
Creators: name: Gower, Artur L.
name: Gower, Robert M.
name: Deakin, Jonathan
name: Parnell, William J.
name: Abrahams, I. David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 78-02, 82D02

description: To what extent can particulate random media be characterised using direct wave backscattering from a single receiver/source? Here, in a two dimensional setting, we show using a machine learning approach that both the particle radius and concentration can be accurately measured when the boundary condition on the particles is of Dirichlet type. Although the methods we introduce could be applied to any particle type. In general backscattering is challenging to interpret for a wide range of particle concentrations, because multiple scattering cannot be ignored, except in the very dilute range. Across the concentration range from 1% to 20% we find that the mean backscattered wave field is sufficient to accurately determine the concentration of particles. However, to accurately determine the particle radius, the second moment, or average intensity, of the backscattering is necessary. We are also able to determine what is the ideal frequency range to measure a broad range of particles sizes. To get rigorous results with supervised machine learning requires a large, highly precise, dataset of backscattered waves from an infinite half-space filled with particles. We are able to create this dataset by introducing a numerical approach which accurately approximates the backscattering from an infinite half-space.
description: Supplementary material is given at the end of the paper. Code to create the data and results are available from: https://github.com/jondea/MultipleScattering.jl and https://github.com/gowerrobert/MultipleScatteringLearnMoments.jl
Objects in Action: An Approach for Combining Action Understanding and Object Perception
Creators: name: Abhinav Gupta
name: Davis, Larry S.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 80101 Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Analysis of videos of human-object interactions involves understanding human movements, locating and recognizing objects and observing the effects of human movements on those objects. While each of these can be conducted independently, recognition improves when interactions between these elements are considered. Motivated by psychological studies of human perception, we present a Bayesian approach which unifies the inference processes involved in object classification and localization, action understanding and perception of object reaction. Traditional approaches for object classification and action understanding have relied on shape features and movement analysis respectively. By placing object classification and localization in a video interpretation framework, we can localize and classify objects which are either hard to localize due to clutter or hard to recognize due to lack of discriminative features. Similarly, by applying context on human movements from the objects on which these movements impinge and the effects of these movements, we can segment and recognize actions which are either too subtle to perceive or too hard to recognize using motion features alone.
Tensile performance of lime-based natural-fibre composites as strengthening systems for masonry
Creators: name: Trochoutsou, N.
name: Di Benedetti, M.
name: Pilakoutas, K.
name: Guadagnini, M.
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2019

description: Past earthquakes have highlighted the vulnerability of unreinforced masonry structures, especially in developing countries where non-engineered, masonry buildings make up the majority of the existing building stock. The use of natural fibres, which are readily available and abundant in these countries, has recently emerged as a cost-effective and sustainable strengthening solution. Although the performance of short dispersed natural fibres in inorganic binders has been examined in the literature, the behaviour of natural textile-reinforced mortars (NTRM) as externally bonded strengthening systems is still unknown. This paper presents some preliminary results of a larger experimental programme on the mechanical performance of natural fibre grids embedded in lime-based mortars. Bare flax and jute yarns and textiles were tested in direct tension to characterise their mechanical properties. NTRM specimens reinforced with the same textiles were also tested to examine their tensile behaviour and assess the contribution of the fibres and mortar to their overall performance. Digital image correlation was used to obtain full-field displacement measurements on the NTRM composites to assist with the development of constitutive models. The effect of different textile architectures and fibre type is discussed in detail and the potential use of NTRM to strengthen deficient masonry structures is assessed and commented upon.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 37 No 2 (2019): Special Issue - ICBBM 2019
Entanglement scaling behaviors of free fermions on hyperbolic lattices
Creators: name: Huang, Xiang-You
name: Zhou, Yao
name: Ye, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, tight-binding models on hyperbolic lattices (discretized AdS space) have gained significant attention, leading to hyperbolic band theory and non-Abelian Bloch states. In this paper, we investigate these quantum systems from the perspective of quantum information, focusing particularly on the scaling of entanglement entropy (EE) that has been regarded as a powerful quantum-information probe into exotic phases of matter. It is known that on $d$-dimensional translation-invariant Euclidean lattice, the EE of band insulators scales as an area law ($\sim L^{d-1}$; $L$ is the linear size of the boundary between two subsystems). Meanwhile, the EE of metals (with finite Density-of-State, i.e., DOS) scales as the renowned Gioev-Klich-Widom scaling law ($\sim L^{d-1}\log L$). The appearance of logarithmic divergence, as well as the analytic form of the coefficient $c$ is mathematically controlled by the Widom conjecture of asymptotic behavior of Toeplitz matrices and can be physically understood via the Swingle's argument. However, the hyperbolic lattice, which generalizes translational symmetry, results in inapplicability of these analytic approaches and the potential non-trivial behavior of EE. Here we make an initial attempt through numerical simulation. Remarkably, we find that both cases adhere to the area law, indicating the effect of background hyperbolic geometry that influences quantum entanglement. To achieve the results, we first apply the vertex inflation method to generate hyperbolic lattice on the Poincaré disk, and then apply the Haydock recursion method to compute DOS. Finally, we study the scaling of EE for different bipartitions via exact diagonalization and perform finite-size scaling. We also investigate how the coefficient of the area law is correlated to bulk gap in gapped case and to the DOS in gapless case respectively. Future directions are discussed.
description: 18 pages. Accepted by Physical Review Research (2025). This paper is part of a series of work on quantum entanglement of fermions with 2311.01199, 2408.11652, 2312.08632, 2311.01997, 2205.01654, 2112.13411, 2009.00546, 1410.8670, and 1403.1039
Induced modification of flexural toughness of bio-lime based mortars by addition of giant reed fibers
Creators: name: Badagliacco, D.
name: Megna, B.
name: Valenza, A.
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2019

description: Fibers are often used as reinforcement of brittle materials, like mortars, in order to modify their mechanical behavior; particularly the modification in post-cracking toughness, induced by low elasticity modulus fibers in the artificial stone material, is the main goal in natural fibers mortar manufacturing. In this work Arundo donax L. fibers are used to reinforce lime mortars according to the characteristics of this plant, very commonly available and with high mechanical properties, similar to bamboo, traditionally used in buildings in Spain. Influence of fibers’ length and weight ratio is studied. Particularly, three different fibers’ lengths, 4, 8 and 12 centimeters, and three weight ratio, 0.5, 1 and 2% are used. The experimental characterization focused on bending and compression tests on mortars’ samples as well as tensile and pull out tests on single fiber. Overall, according to experimental results, mechanical flexural properties of the mortar are significantly improved by the addition of natural fibers at different weight contents and lengths, optimal fibers’ weight ratio and length was individuated.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 37 No 2 (2019): Special Issue - ICBBM 2019
Radio Continuum Imaging of High Redshift Radio Galaxies
Creators: name: Carilli, C. L.
name: Rottgering, H. J. A.
name: van Ojik, R.
name: Miley, G. K.
name: van Breugel, W. J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present sensitive radio continuum images at high resolution of 37 radio galaxies at z > 2. The observations were made with the Very Large Array (VLA) at 4.7 GHz and 8.2 GHz, with typical resolutions of 0.45'' and 0.25'', respectively. Images of total and polarized intensity, and spectral index, are presented. Values for total and polarized intensity, and values of rotation measures, are tabulated for the hot spots in each source. The positions of the radio nuclei are tabulated, along with a variety of other source parameters. Analysis of the polarization data reveals large rotation measures (RMs) towards six sources. We argue that the RMs are due to magnetized, ionized gas local to the radio sources. The magnitude of the RMs are in excess of 1000 rad/m/m (rest frame) for these sources. Drawing an analogy to a class of lower redshift radio galaxies with extreme RMs, we speculate that these sources may be at the centers of dense, X-ray emitting cluster atmospheres.
description: ApJ (Supplement) (paper no. 33814)
Effect of compaction on thermal and hygric properties of hemp composites
Creators: name: Viel, M.
name: Collet, F.
name: Lanos, C.
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2019

description: This study is part of the European ISOBIO project which aims to develop new bio-based building materials, through the valuation of agro-resources as bio-based aggregates or as green binders. Previous studies investigated several types of aggregates and binders. They highlighted that the main impacting factor on thermal conductivity was the density of composite. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of density on hygric and thermal properties of composites, using the same formulation. The composites are made of hemp shiv and black liquor. Specimens are produced with the same hemp to black liquor ratio but different compaction stress. The effect of compaction on bulk density, thermal conductivity and moisture buffer value (MBV) is analyzed. More it is shown that it is possible to reach low enough thermal conductivity to be considered as building insulating material, regarding the AFNOR NF 75-101 French standard [AFNOR 1983]. Thanks to this study, target density, and thus compaction stress to be applied, can be identified regarding thermal conductivity and MBV.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 37 No 2 (2019): Special Issue - ICBBM 2019
Thermomechanical Modelling of industrial linings (Mechanical characterization)
Creators: name: SAMADI Soheil
name: JIN Shengli
name: HARMUTH Harald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Thermomechanical
Modelling
Industrial linings

description: Thermomechanical Modelling of industrial linings (Mechanical characterization)
title: Inventaire des titres de propriété et des actes concernant les droits de l'abbaye de Morimond, Manuscrit n° 1, Bibliothèque municipale de Bourbonne-les-Bains, f.189
Creators: name: Rouzeau, Benoît
name: Rouzeau, Benoît
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cistercien
subject: cartulaire

description: Inventaire des titres de propriété et des actes concernant les droits de l'abbaye de Morimond, Manuscrit n° 1, Bibliothèque municipale de Bourbonne-les-Bains. Numérisation en mode image
description: Relation: https://cisterciensetressources.lamop.fr/
description: Bibliographic citation: Inventaire des titres de propriété et des actes concernant les droits de l'abbaye de Morimond, Manuscrit n° 1, Bibliothèque municipale de Bourbonne-les-Bains, f.189, in Projet Cisterciens et Ressources [Ressource en ligne], https://cisterciensetressources.lamop.fr
description: Inventaire des titres de propriété et des actes concernant les droits de l'abbaye de Morimond, Manuscrit n° 1, Bibliothèque municipale de Bourbonne-les-Bains, f. 189
Gauss's law and gauge-invariant operators and states in QCD
Creators: name: Chen, Lusheng
name: Belloni, Mario
name: Haller, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we prove a previously published conjecture that a prescription we gave for constructing states that implement Gauss's law for `pure glue' QCD is correct. We also construct a unitary transformation that extends this prescription so that it produces additional states that implement Gauss's law for QCD with quarks as well as gluons. Furthermore, we use the mathematical apparatus developed in the course of this work to construct gauge-invariant spinor (quark) and gauge (gluon) field operators. We adapt this SU(3) construction for the SU(2) Yang-Mills case, and we consider the dynamical implications of these developments.
description: 29 pages, LaTeX, uses REVTeX
Additional file 2 of Super-enhancer profiling identifies novel critical and targetable cancer survival gene LYL1 in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia
Creators: name: Fang, Fang
name: Lu, Jun
name: Sang, Xu
name: Tao, Yan-Fang
name: Wang, Jian-Wei
name: Zhang, Zi-Mu
name: Zhang, Yong-Ping
name: Li, Xiao-Lu
name: Xie, Yi
name: Wu, Shui-Yan
name: Chu, Xin-Ran
name: Li, Gen
name: Wu, Di
name: Chen, Yan-Ling
name: Yu, Juan-Juan
name: Jia, Si-qi
name: Feng, Chen-xi
name: Tian, Yuan-Yuan
name: Li, Zhi-Heng
name: Ling, Jing
name: Hu, Shao-Yan
name: Pan, Jian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 2. shRNAs used to knockdown LYL1 and PLVX-LYL1 used to over-express LYL1.
Restoration of particle number as a good quantum number in BCS theory
Creators: name: Rowe, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As shown in previous work, number projection can be carried out analytically for states defined in a quasi-particle scheme when the states are expressed in a coherent state representation. The wave functions of number-projected states are well-known in the theory of orthogonal polynomials as Schur functions. Moreover, the functions needed in pairing theory are a particularly simple class of Schur functions that are easily constructed by means of recursion relations. It is shown that complete sets of states can be projected from corresponding quasi-particle states and that such states retain many of the properties of the quasi-particle states from which they derive. It is also shown that number projection can be used to construct a complete set of orthogonal states classified by generalized seniority for any nucleus.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures, epsf.def style file for printing figures
Object Search by Manipulation
Creators: name: Dogar, Mehmet R.
name: Koval, Michael C.
name: Abhijeet  Tallavajhula
name: Siddhartha Srinivasa
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 80101 Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the problem of a robot searching for an object. This requires reasoning about both perception and manipulation: certain objects are moved because the target may be hidden behind them and others are moved because they block the manipulator's access to other objects. We contribute a formulation of the object search by manipulation problem using visibility and accessibility relations between objects. We also propose a greedy algorithm and show that it is optimal under certain conditions. We propose a second algorithm which is optimal under all conditions. This algorithm takes advantage of the structure of the visibility and accessibility relations between objects to quickly generate optimal plans. Finally, we demonstrate an implementation of both algorithms on a real robot using a real object detection system.
The Observations of Type Ia Supernovae
Creators: name: Suntzeff, Nicholas B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The past ten years have seen a tremendous increase in the number of Type Ia supernovae discovered and in the quality of the basic data presented. The cosmological results based on distances to Type Ia events have been spectacular, leading to statistically accurate values of the Hubble constant, Omega_M, and Omega_Lambda. However, in spite of the recent advances, a number of mysteries continue to remain in our understanding of these events. In this short review, I will concentrate on unresolved problems and curious correlations in the data on Type Ia SNe, whose resolution may lead to a deeper understanding of the physical mechanism of the Type Ia supernova explosions.
description: 10 pages, aipproc LaTeX, two eps figures, to be published in "Cosmic Explosions! The Proceedings of the Tenth Maryland Conference on Astrophysics," eds, Steven S. Holt and William W. Zhang, AIP
Eco-Evolutionary Dynamics of a Population with Randomly Switching Carrying Capacity
Creators: name: Wienand, Karl
name: Frey, Erwin
name: Mobilia, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Environmental variability greatly influences the eco-evolutionary dynamics of a population, i.e. it affects how its size and composition evolve. Here, we study a well-mixed population of finite and fluctuating size whose growth is limited by a randomly switching carrying capacity. This models the environmental fluctuations between states of resources abundance and scarcity. The population consists of two strains, one growing slightly faster than the other, competing under two scenarios: one in which competition is solely for resources, and one in which the slow ("cooperating") strain produces a public good that benefits also the fast ("freeriding") strain. We investigate how the coupling of demographic and environmental (external) noise affects the population's eco-evolutionary dynamics. By analytical and computational means, we study the correlations between the population size and its composition, and discuss the social-dilemma-like "eco-evolutionary game" characterizing the public good production. We determine in what conditions it is best to produce a public good; when cooperating is beneficial but outcompeted by freeriding, and when the public good production is detrimental for cooperators. Within a linear noise approximation to populations of varying size, we also accurately analyze the coupled effects of demographic and environmental noise on the size distribution.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures: Main text (13 pages, 8 figures) followed by Supplementary Material (12 pages, 7 figures). To appear in J. R. Soc. Interface. Supplementary information and resources are also available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.5683762
The ejection of T Tauri stars from molecular clouds and the fate of circumstellar discs
Creators: name: Armitage, P. J.
name: Clarke, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the evolution of circumstellar discs around T Tauri stars that are ejected from small stellar clusters within molecular clouds. In particular, we study how the interaction that leads to ejection may hasten the transition between Classical and Weak-lined T Tauri status. In our models, ejections of T Tauri stars at velocities of 3-10 km/s truncate the accretion disc at radii between 1 and 10 a.u., reducing the viscous evolution time of the disc so that accretion rapidly ceases. The observational appearance of the resulting systems is then dependent on the presence or absence of a stellar magnetic field. For non-magnetic stars we find that a near-infra red excess should persist due to reprocessing of stellar radiation, but that this is greatly diminished for magnetic T Tauri stars by the presence of a magnetosphere extending to corotation. In either case, there is a period when ejected stars should appear as non-accreting systems with detectable circumstellar material at wavelengths of 5 microns and beyond. We discuss the implications of these results for models in which ejected stars contribute to the halo of pre-main-sequence objects discovered from ROSAT observations of star forming regions and the All-Sky Survey.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX using mn.sty. Accepted by MNRAS. Also available in HTML format at http://www.cita.utoronto.ca/~armitage/ejection/ejection.html
Object Recognition using Boosted Discriminants
Creators: name: Shyjan  Mahamud
name: Hebert, Martial
name: Jianbo  Shi
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 80101 Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We approach the task of object discrimination as that of learning efficient "codes" for each object class in terms of responses to a set of chosen discriminants. We formulate this approach in an energy minimization framework. The "code" is built incrementally by successively constructing discriminants that focus on pairs of training images of objects that are currently hard to classify. The particular discriminants that we use partition the set of objects of interest into two well-separated groups. We find the optimal discriminant as well as partition by formulating an objective criteria that measures the well-separateness of the partition. We derive an iterative solution that alternates between the solutions for two generalized eigenproblems, one for the discriminant parameters and the other for the indicator variables denoting the partition. We show how the optimization can easily be biased to focus on hard to classify pairs, which enables us to choose new discriminants one by one in a sequential manner We validate our approach on a challenging face discrimination task using parts as features and show that it compares favorably with the performance of an eigenspace method.
Dual vibration configuration interaction (DVCI). An efficient factorization of molecular Hamiltonian for high performance infrared spectrum computation
Creators: name: Garnier, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Here is presented an original program based on molecular Schrodinger equations. It is dedicated to target specific states of infrared vibrational spectrum in a very precise way with a minimal usage of memory. An eigensolver combined with a new probing technique accumulates information along the iterations so that desired eigenpairs rapidly tend towards the variational limit. Basis set is augmented from the maximal components of residual vectors that usually require the construction of a big matrix block that here is bypassed with a new factorisation of the Hamiltonian. The latest borrows the mathematical concept of duality and the second quantization formalism of quantum theory.
description: Added benchmarks with PyVCI_VPT2, explanations on the construction of the pruned space and more references
A Unified Scaling Law in Spiral Galaxies
Creators: name: Koda, Jin
name: Sofue, Yoshiaki
name: Wada, Keiichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the origin of a unified scaling relation in spiral galaxies. Observed spiral galaxies are spread on a plane in the three-dimensionallogarithmic space of luminosity L, radius R and rotation velocity V. The plane is expressed as $L \propto (V R)^α$ in I-passband, where $α$ is a constant. On the plane, observed galaxies are distributed in an elongated region which looks like the shape of a surfboard. The well-known scaling relations, L-V (Tully-Fisher relation), V-R (also the Tully-Fisher relation) and R-L (Freeman's law), can be understood as oblique projections of the surfboard-like plane into 2-D spaces. This unified interpretation of the known scaling relations should be a clue to understand the physical origin of all the relations consistently. Furthermore, this interpretation can also explain why previous studies could not find any correlation between TF residuals and radius. In order to clarify the origin of this plane, we simulate formation and evolution of spiral galaxies with the N-body/SPH method, including cooling, star formation and stellar feedback. Initial conditions are set to isolated 14 spheres with two free parameters, such as mass and angular momentum. The CDM (h=0.5, $Ω_0=1$) cosmology is considered as a test case. The simulations provide the following two conclusions: (a) The slope of the plane is well reproduced but the zero-point is not. This zero-point discrepancy could be solved in a low density ($Ω_0<1$) and high expansion (h>0.5) cosmology. (b) The surfboard-shaped plane can be explained by the control of galactic mass and angular momentum.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters. 6 pages including 2 figures
Exchange rate and manufacturing sector performance in SACU states.
Creators: name: Mlambo, Courage
Publisher: name: Mangosuthu University of Technology (MUT)
Year: 2022
Subjects: Business process management
Business systems in context not elsewhere classified
Business information systems
Business analytics
Business systems in context
Business information management (incl. records, knowledge and intelligence)

description: This study sought to examine the impact of the exchange rate on manufacturing performance in SACU states. The manufacturing sector is an avenue for trade expansion and it is a vital source of innovation and competi?tiveness and it makes outsized contributions to exports and productivity growth. Manufacturing in SACU countries is hampered by structural shortcom?ings such as the exchange rate and other factors. Given this background, the study employed the panel group FMOLS and PMG approaches for the period 1995–2016. Results showed that the exchange rate, imports and FDI have a negative relationship with manufacturing performance. Exports and inflation had a positive relationship with manufacturing performance. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that SACU countries need to formulate informed policies that align the exchange rate to the actual needs of the manufacturing sector. Policymakers need to know which subsectors of the manufacturing sector will be affected by an exchange rate change and they also need to know the magnitude of the impact so that they can make informed decisions.
Neutrino Oscillations from Dirac and Majorana Masses
Creators: name: Ring, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scenario of neutrino masses and mixing angles. Each generation includes a sterile right handed neutrino in addition to the usual left handed one. We assume a hierarchy in their Dirac masses similar to, but much larger than the hierarchies in the quarks and charged leptons. In addition, we include a Majorana mass term for the sterile neutrinos only. These assumptions prove sufficient to accomodate scales of mass differences and mixing angles consistent with all existing neutrino oscillation data.
description: 12 pages, 1 eps figure, REVTeX, epsf
Stability and instability of a hot and dilute nuclear droplet
Creators: name: Noerenberg, W.
name: Papp, G.
name: Rozmej, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diabatic approach to collective nuclear motion is reformulated in the local-density approximation in order to treat the normal modes of a spherical nuclear droplet analytically. In a first application the adiabatic isoscalar modes are studied and results for the eigenvalues of compressional (bulk) and pure surface modes are presented as function of density and temperature inside the droplet, as well as for different mass numbers and for soft and stiff equations of state. We find that the region of bulk instabilities (spinodal regime) is substantially smaller for nuclear droplets than for infinite nuclear matter. For small densities below 30% of normal nuclear matter density and for temperatures below 5 MeV all relevant bulk modes become unstable with the same growth rates. The surface modes have a larger spinodal region, reaching out to densities and temperatures way beyond the spinodal line for bulk instabilities. Essential experimental features of multifragmentation, like fragmentation temperatures and fragment-mass distributions (in particular the power-law behavior) are consistent with the instability properties of an expanding nuclear droplet, and hence with a dynamical fragmentation process within the spinodal regime of bulk and surface modes (spinodal decomposition).
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, LaTeX2e, EPJA style (included)
Object Recognition by a Cascade Of Edge Probes
Creators: name: Carmichael, Owen
name: Hebert, Martial
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: 80101 Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We frame the problem of object recognition from edge cues in terms of determining whether individual edge pixels belong to the target object or to clutter, based on the configuration of edges in their vicinity. A classifier solves this problem by computing sparse, localized edge features at image locations determined at training time. In order to save computation and solve the aperture problem, we apply a cascade of these classifiers to the image, each of which computes edge features over larger image regions than its predecessors. Experiments apply this approach to the recognition of real objects with holes and wiry components in cluttered scenes under arbitrary out-of-image-plane rotation.
Navigating the challenge of pain when diagnosed at an early age with Parkinson’s disease: an interpretative phenomenological analysis
Creators: name: Zimmers, Sylvia
name: Flahault, Cécile
name: Bungener, Catherine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Despite the substantial impact of pain in Parkinson’s, little attention has been given to understanding how individuals, especially those diagnosed at a younger age, perceive and manage their pain. This research aims to fill this gap by exploring the subjective experiences of pain in this population which is at a higher risk of experiencing pain. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used as a methodological framework. Non-directive, in-depth interviews were conducted with four French-speaking participants with Parkinson’s (diagnosed before 50 years old, with various pain profiles), and analyzed using IPA. Four major themes emerged: (1) the history of the disease, (2) adaptation to the disease, (3) losses related to pain and (4) strategies deployed to regain control over pain. Results highlight the participants’ processes of adaptation, despite the major identity disruption caused by the disease and pain. They also shed light on how the experience of pain is influenced by its relational dimension. Our results offer an understanding of the complexity and diversity of the experience of pain in this population. This complexity contributes to challenges in patients’ ability to articulate and represent their pain accurately, advocating personalized, multidisciplinary pain management approaches within this population. Individuals diagnosed with early-onset Parkinson’s disease face unique challenges, such as increased susceptibility to pain. However, current pain management often overlooks the specific needs of this population. Our findings highlight the complex connection between pain and the disease in early-onset individuals and how participants’ pain representations shape their adaptation to pain. This study outlines ways for health professionals to adopt a more targeted and individualized approach to managing pain in individuals diagnosed with early-onset Parkinson’s disease
Object Recognition and Full Pose Registration from a Single Image for Robotic Manipulation
Creators: name: Romea, Alvaro Collet
name: Berenson, Dmitry
name: Siddhartha Srinivasa
name: Ferguson, David I.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 80101 Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robust perception is a vital capability for robotic manipulation in unstructured scenes. In this context, full pose estimation of relevant objects in a scene is a critical step towards the introduction of robots into household environments. In this paper, we present an approach for building metric 3D models of objects using local descriptors from several images. Each model is optimized to fit a set of calibrated training images, thus obtaining the best possible alignment between the 3D model and the real object. Given a new test image, we match the local descriptors to our stored models online, using a novel combination of the RANSAC and Mean Shift algorithms to register multiple instances of each object. A robust initialization step allows for arbitrary rotation, translation and scaling of objects in the test images. The resulting system provides markerless 6-DOF pose estimation for complex objects in cluttered scenes. We provide experimental results demonstrating orientation and translation accuracy, as well a physical implementation of the pose output being used by an autonomous robot to perform grasping in highly cluttered scenes.
The Dynamical Nonabelian Two-Form: BRST Quantization
Creators: name: Lahiri, Amitabha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When an antisymmetric tensor potential is coupled to the field strength of a gauge field via a $B\wedge F$ coupling and a kinetic term for $B$ is included, the gauge field develops an effective mass. The theory can be made invariant under a non-abelian vector gauge symmetry by introducing an auxiliary vector field. The covariant quantization of this theory requires ghosts for ghosts. The resultant theory including gauge fixing and ghost terms is BRST-invariant by construction, and therefore unitary. The construction of the BRST-invariant action is given for both abelian and non-abelian models of mass generation.
description: 15 pages, revtex