cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Audio-Language Datasets of Scenes and Events: A Survey
Creators: name: Wijngaard, Gijs
name: Formisano, Elia
name: Esposito, Michele
name: Dumontier, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Audio-language models (ALMs) generate linguistic descriptions of sound-producing events and scenes. Advances in dataset creation and computational power have led to significant progress in this domain. This paper surveys 69 datasets used to train ALMs, covering research up to September 2024 (https://github.com/GLJS/audio-datasets). It provides a comprehensive analysis of datasets origins, audio and linguistic characteristics, and use cases. Key sources include YouTube-based datasets like AudioSet with over two million samples, and community platforms like Freesound with over 1 million samples. Through principal component analysis of audio and text embeddings, the survey evaluates the acoustic and linguistic variability across datasets. It also analyzes data leakage through CLAP embeddings, and examines sound category distributions to identify imbalances. Finally, the survey identifies key challenges in developing large, diverse datasets to enhance ALM performance, including dataset overlap, biases, accessibility barriers, and the predominance of English-language content, while highlighting opportunities for improvement.
Piezoelectric and optical setup to measure an electrical field: Application to the longitudinal near-field generated by a tapered coax
Creators: name: Euphrasie, Sébastien
name: Vairac, Pascal
name: Cretin, Bernard
name: Lengaigne, Glawdys
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new setup to measure an electrical field in one direction. This setup is made of a piezoelectric sintered lead zinconate titanate film and an optical interferometric probe. We used this setup to investigate how the shape of the extremity of a coaxial cable influences the longitudinal electrical near-field generated by it. For this application, we designed our setup to have a spatial resolution of 100 um in the direction of the electrical field. Simulations and experiments are presented.
Recurrence networks - A novel paradigm for nonlinear time series analysis
Creators: name: Donner, Reik V.
name: Zou, Y.
name: Donges, Jonathan F.
name: Marwan, Norbert
name: Kurths, Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a new approach for analysing structural properties of time series from complex systems. Starting from the concept of recurrences in phase space, the recurrence matrix of a time series is interpreted as the adjacency matrix of an associated complex network which links different points in time if the evolution of the considered states is very similar. A critical comparison of these recurrence networks with similar existing techniques is presented, revealing strong conceptual benefits of the new approach which can be considered as a unifying framework for transforming time series into complex networks that also includes other methods as special cases. It is demonstrated that there are fundamental relationships between the topological properties of recurrence networks and the statistical properties of the phase space density of the underlying dynamical system. Hence, the network description yields new quantitative characteristics of the dynamical complexity of a time series, which substantially complement existing measures of recurrence quantification analysis.
Energy Harvesting Techniques to Power Wireless Sensor Systems
Creators: name: Cheema, Fahd
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Traditional batteries are the main source of power in most of the wireless sensor networks these days. As the world will progress to the more wireless sensor networks in future, the demand for batteries will also increase. The traditional batteries normally do not pose a threat to the environment during their active life. But once the batteries are out of their life cycle the decomposition phase contributes to the environmental pollution. Batteries have a limited lifetime due to which changing them at regular intervals is necessary to keep the systems running. This puts a lot of emphasis on the need to find a new reliable and environmentally friendly solution. Sometimes, replacing batteries is a difficult/ expensive process especially in the domain of wireless sensor networks. This puts the energy harvesting solutions in light and makes research in this domain a really attractive solution. One of the most common phenomenon available in nature is friction. The electrostatic energy harvesting methods can be used to convert the energy in the environment to a useful form of energy such as electrical and thus eliminate the need of using traditional batteries. In this thesis we will focus on Tribo Electric Nano Generators (TENG). In this thesis, I have tried to explore this new area of research by discussing the work of many different researchers.
Griechenland eine Analyse
Creators: name: Ehrhold, Frank
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013
Subjects: Euro-Currency-Area; monetary policy; economic policy; Greece; national debt; national competiveness

description: During the last several years Greece has been under consistent and severe economic pressure; high national debt, trade deficit, and an undefined future has led to a persistent climate of uncertainty and presents a threat to economic recovery. As a result of the near-bankruptcy of Greece in 2010, the Greek government now receives financial relief from members of the European Monetary Union (EMU) and International Monetary Fund (IMF), both of the afore-mentioned parties monitoring, with the European Central Bank (ECB) and European Commission, the economic transformation process and guiding the Greek economy towards international competitiveness. Yet available data proves that Greece’s economy is still shrinking-- while unemployment rates still rise, debt to GDP ratio worsens, and private investment sinks. Furthermore, there is still controversy whether Greece will remain within the monetary union or not. Is Greece’s economy better of outside the European Monetary Union?
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 20, No 2 (2012)
2E1 Ar17+ decay and conventional radioactive sources to determine efficiency of semiconductor detectors
Creators: name: Lamour, Emily
name: Prigent, Christophe
name: Eberhardt, Benjamin
name: Rozet, Jean-Pierre
name: Vernhet, Dominique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although reliable models may predict the detection efficiency of semiconductor detectors, measurements are needed to check the parameters supplied by the manufacturers namely the thicknesses of dead layer, beryllium window and crystal active area. The efficiency of three silicon detectors has been precisely investigated in their entire photon energy range of detection. In the 0 to a few keV range, we have developed a new method based on the detection of the 2E1 decay of the metastable Ar17+ 2s -> 1s transition. Very good theoretical knowledge of the energetic distribution of the 2E1 decay mode enables precise characterization of the absorbing layers in front of the detectors. In the high-energy range (> 10 keV), the detector crystal thickness plays a major role in the detection efficiency and has been determined using a 241Am source.
Synthetic Modelling of Polarized Dust Emission in Intermediate-Mass YSOs: I: Constraining the Role of Iron Inclusions and Inelastic Relaxation on Grain Alignment with ALMA Polarization
Creators: name: Giang, Nguyen Chau
name: Gouellec, V. J. M. Le
name: Hoang, Thiem
name: Maury, A. J.
name: Hennebelle, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Iron inclusions embedded inside dust grains play a crucial role in both internal alignment (IA) via Barnett relaxation and external alignment via the MAgnetically Enhanced RAdiative Torque (MRAT) mechanism. Moreover, inelastic relaxation is predicted to dominate over Barnett relaxation in driving the IA of micron-sized and very large grains above $10μm$ (VLGs). Yet, a detailed modeling of polarized thermal dust emission from Class 0/I Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) taking into account these effects and their observational constraints is still lacking. In this paper, we update the POLARIS code and use it to perform synthetic dust polarization modeling for MHD simulations of an intermediate-mass YSO. Results will be post-processed with CASA to confront ALMA polarimetric observations. We found that to reproduce the high polarization degree of $p \sim 5-30\%$ observed in protostellar envelopes by ALMA, micron-sized and VLGs must contain iron inclusions with $N_{\rm cl} \sim 5 - 10^{3}$ iron atoms per cluster, assuming $30\%$ of iron abundance locked inside dust grains under the cluster form. Inside the inner $\sim 500$ au region, inelastic relaxation must participate in driving the grain internal alignment, and grains must contain larger iron inclusions of $N_{\rm cl} \sim 10^{2}-10^{4}$ and grow beyond $\geq 10μm$ to reproduce $\sim 3-10\%$ of dust polarization observed by ALMA. But given such a combination, the internal alignment and MRAT efficiency acting on VLGs still decrease toward the center, inducing the decrease of $p(\%)$ with increasing gas density, reaching $p \sim 1\%$ inside the disk.
description: 32 pages, 9 pages in Appendix, accepted to ApJ
Gestern Japan – morgen Osteuropa? Anmerkungen zu einigen möglichen Krisenverwerfungen und Bewältigungsstrategien
Creators: name: Ehrig, Detlev
name: Staroske, Uwe
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013

description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 20, No 2 (2012)
Öffentliche Rechenschaftslegung als Instrument zur Stärkung des Bürgervertrauens
Creators: name: Greiling, Dorothea
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013
Subjects: public accountability; public trust; citizen participation; state and local governments

description: Im vergangenen Jahrzehnt fand nicht nur eine Ausweitung der bürgerbezogenen Rechenschaftslegung, sondern auch der Formen des bürgerschaftlichen Engagements statt. Je nach Standpunkt werden beide Instrumente als Ansatz gesehen, um verloren gegangenes Bürgervertrauen wieder zu gewinnen. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersucht der vorliegende Beitrag verschiedene Formen bürgerschaftlichen Engagements auf die darin enthaltenen Rechenschaftslegungsinstrumente und ob diese dazu beitragen kann das Bürgervertrauen zu stärken. Um dies in einer systematischen Weise zu tun, wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Rechenschaftslegung und Bürgervertrauen unter Rückgriff auf verschiedene Dimensionen öffentlichen Vertrauens untersucht, wie sie sich in der relevanten Literatur finden
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 20, No 2 (2012)
title: Directory of Transportation Data Sources, 1993
Creators: name: Bradley, Kathleen
name: Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
Publisher: name: Bureau of Transportation Statistics
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/05xfdey77
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1993
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97322
subject: Data collection
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97349
subject: Databases
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97453
subject: Directories
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/96717
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/87904
subject: Transportation

description: 380p. in various pagings
description: This report identifies 285 transportation data sources within the Department of Transportation and other Federal Government agencies. The Directory excludes transportation information systems developed outside the Federal Government. These will be identified in future editions. The purpose of this Directory is to provide users of transportation statistics with a comprehensive inventory of transportation data sources to effect easier accessibility and availability of information. In this Directory, a data source is defined as a computerized data base developed within the Federal Government for internal and external use, as well as regularly scheduled or special hardcopy statistical reports published by the Federal Government that are not included on a computerized system.
Performance Indicators to Support Evaluation of Road Investments
Creators: name: Kaare, Kati Kõrbe
name: Koppel, Ott
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013
Subjects: transport policy; infrastructure investments; feasibility studies; road network; performance indicators

description: Transportation planning recognizes the critical links between mobility and other goals of society. Strategies supporting infrastructure investments lead to substantial public interest because they relate to public expenditures. Decision processes related to transport projects involve considerations on environmental, economic, technical and safety issues, and are characterized by many actors and multiple objectives in feasibility studies. 

This paper compares performance measurement approach in road management and compares them with current practice in Estonia emphasizing the importance of feedback from previous projects. The need to compare predicted inputs, outputs, costs and benefits with actual performance is brought up. Lifecycle approach performance measures are presented that allow government and transportation agencies to consider road construction and rehabilitation strategies more effectively
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 20, No 2 (2012)
Continuum Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory for weakly bound deformed nuclei using coordinate-space Green's function method
Creators: name: Oba, Hiroshi
name: Matsuo, Masayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a new scheme of the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov mean-field theory applicable to weakly bound and pair correlated deformed nuclei using the coordinate-space Green's function technique. On the basis of a coupled-channel representation of the quasiparticle wave function expanded in terms of the partial waves, we impose the correct boundary condition of the asymptotically out-going waves on the continuum quasiparticle states. We perform numerical analysis for $^{38}$Mg to illustrate properties of the continuum quasiparticle states and the pair correlation in deformed nuclei near the neutron drip-line.
Балаховская А.С.pdf
Creators: name: Балаховская, Александра
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 220401 Christian Studies (incl. Biblical Studies and Church History)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: The article based on the hagiography of the bishop of Constantinople St. John Chrysostom studies a formation process of the hagiographical version of the saint’s biography and its interpretation in the hagiographical tradition. The life of the saint, being a literary work created in the context of a church cult, expresses the actual church ideology and is the answer to the current problems of the church life. The Life written by Pseudo-George of Alexandria reflects one of them — the intervention of secular authorities in the affairs of the Church in Byzantium. St. John Chrysostom and Empress Eudoxia are represented here as symbolic figures marking this opposition. On the other hand, they are correlated with the biblical images of the prophet Elijah and Queen Jezebel — their typological prototypes. The Life of Pseudo-George is a literary model that formed the basis of the subsequent hagiographical tradition, part of which are two encomiums, written by St. John of Damascus and Emperor Leo VI the Wise. In these works we find the interpretation and further development of the theme of contradiction between spiritual and secular powers.
Landau damping in the longitudinal plane
Creators: name: Shaposhnikova, E.
name: Argyropoulos, T.
name: Karpov, I.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: Loss of Landau damping in the longitudinal plane can limit the performance of an accelerator and lead to particle losses via undamped bunch oscillations or to single- and multi-bunch instabilities. The threshold for loss of Landau damping for a single bunch is usually defined by comparing the position of the coherent bunch oscillation frequency with respect to the incoherent synchrotron frequency spread. Different ways of calculating this threshold are presented and compared, using the LHC as an example. Loss of Landau damping in longitudinal plane can be cured by increasing the synchrotron frequency spread, either through controlled emittance blow-up or the installation of an additional, higher- harmonic RF system.
description: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings, Vol. 9 (2020): Proceedings of the ICFA mini-Workshop on Mitigation of Coherent Beam Instabilities in Particle Accelerators, Zermatt, Switzerland, 23–27 September 2019
Towards Interpretable Visuo-Tactile Predictive Models for Soft Robot Interactions
Creators: name: Donato, Enrico
name: Thuruthel, Thomas George
name: Falotico, Egidio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autonomous systems face the intricate challenge of navigating unpredictable environments and interacting with external objects. The successful integration of robotic agents into real-world situations hinges on their perception capabilities, which involve amalgamating world models and predictive skills. Effective perception models build upon the fusion of various sensory modalities to probe the surroundings. Deep learning applied to raw sensory modalities offers a viable option. However, learning-based perceptive representations become difficult to interpret. This challenge is particularly pronounced in soft robots, where the compliance of structures and materials makes prediction even harder. Our work addresses this complexity by harnessing a generative model to construct a multi-modal perception model for soft robots and to leverage proprioceptive and visual information to anticipate and interpret contact interactions with external objects. A suite of tools to interpret the perception model is furnished, shedding light on the fusion and prediction processes across multiple sensory inputs after the learning phase. We will delve into the outlooks of the perception model and its implications for control purposes.
description: IEEE RAS EMBS 10th International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob 2024)
SOLUÇÕES NO USO DE QUÍMICOS NA AGRICULTURA
Creators: name: Shimada, Belmiro Saburo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: The search for higher productivity in agriculture brought many problems during the development of agriculture, and one of them is the use of chemicals. The objective of this work is to carry out a brief literature review on solutions for the use of chemicals in agriculture. The present study was developed based on literature review and relevant research on solutions for the use of chemicals in agriculture, in order to demonstrate the possibilities for reducing the use of chemicals in agriculture. Agriculture brought problems in the agricultural sector, in the environment and in society with its inadequate use of chemicals, making it necessary to implement sustainability in their production systems, with a focus on reducing the damage caused by agriculture. Thus, other means of pest, disease and weed control were adopted, such as cultural and biological control, to reduce the use of chemicals in agriculture. Cultural control is about the adoption of good agricultural practices, manipulating pre-planting conditions and plant development, and biological control is based on the regulation of the number of plants and animals by natural enemies, who are basically the agents of biotic mortality. Thus, seeking a more productive and sustainable production system, the reduction of chemicals is essential, for this, several methods can be adopted to control pests, diseases and weeds, such as cultural and biological control, reducing the problems caused by use of chemicals in the environmental, social and agricultural sector.
ZnO nanowires grown on Al2O3-ZnAl2O4 nanostructure using solid-vapor mechanism
Creators: name: Zajkowska, Wiktoria
name: Turczynski, Jakub
name: Kurowska, Boguslawa
name: Teisseyre, Henryk
name: Fronc, Krzysztof
name: Dabrowski, Jerzy
name: Kret, Slawomir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Al2O3-ZnAl2O4-ZnO nanostructure, which could be a prominent candidate for optoelectronics, mechanical and sensing applications. While ZnO and ZnAl2O4 composites are mostly synthesized by sol-gel technique, we propose a solid-vapor growth mechanism. To produce Al2O3-ZnAl2O4-ZnO nanostructure, we conduct ZnO:C powder heating resulting in ZnO nanowires (NWs) growth on sapphire substrate and ZnAl2O4 spinel layer at the interface. The nanostructure was examined with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) method. Focused Ion Beam (FIB) technique enabled us to prepare a lamella for Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) imaging. TEM examination revealed high crystallographic quality of both spinel and NW structure. Epitaxial relationships of Al2O3-ZnAl2O4 and ZnAl2O4-ZnO are given.
description: Conference: 13th Polish-Japanese Joint Seminar on Micro and Nano Analysis
Landau damping in the transverse plane
Creators: name: Mounet, N.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: In these proceedings we sketch a general theory for Landau damping in the transverse plane, in the particular case of beam-coupling impedance with linear (octupolar) detuning as the source of tune spread. Using a Hamiltonian formalism and perturbation theory, we will go beyond the traditional stability diagram approach to obtain the general non-linear determinant equation that leads to modes determination. Limiting cases are studied, and preliminary results of the full formalism are obtained in an attempt to generalize the concept of stability diagram.
description: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings, Vol. 9 (2020): Proceedings of the ICFA mini-Workshop on Mitigation of Coherent Beam Instabilities in Particle Accelerators, Zermatt, Switzerland, 23–27 September 2019
Some reactions of metal-metal bonds with fluoro-olefins
Creators: name: Tsai, James Hwa-San
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Current interest in metal-metal bonded systems has been largely confined to the synthesis of such compounds, and little is known of the chemical behaviour of the metal-metal bonds. One of the simplest systems to study was the tin-tin bond, and thus the additions of fluoro-olefins to hexamethylditin were examined. Such additions were found to occur readily under ultraviolet irradiation which suggests that the formation of (CH₃)₃Sn radicals is an important feature of the reaction mechanism. The formation of adducts such as (CH₃)₃Sn(CF₂CF₂)nSn(CH₃)₃ (n = 1 or 2) , (CH₃)₃SnCF₂CF(CF₃)Sn(CH₃)₃, (CH₃)₃Sn(CFHCF₂)nSn(CH₃) ₃ (n = 1 or 2), and (CH₃) ₃Sn(CH₂CF₂)nSn(CH₃)₃(n = 1 or 2) , as well as the occurrence of secondary reactions leading to products of the type (CH₃)₃Sn(CF₂CF₂)nH (n = 1,2, or 3), (CH₃) ₃SnCF₂CF(CF₃)H, and other analogous compounds are discussed. The (CH₃)₃Sn radical was found to have nucleophilic character, and to attack exclusively on the group marked with an asterisk in the following olefins: [ Formulas omitted ]. The factors responsible for the orientation of such unsymmetric olefins with respect to the (CH₃)₃Sn radical are considered. The compound (CH₃)₃Sn-Mn(CO)₅, containing a mixed metal-metal bond, was also shown to be very reactive, but to behave differently toward a variety of olefins. A two-carbon insertion into the tin-manganese bond was readily achieved by the reaction with tetrafluoroethylene at 50° under ultraviolet irradiation, which again might suggest that a free-radical mechanism is involved. Two interesting dimers, i.e., the "boat and chair" forms of [CF₂=CFMn(CO) ₄] ₂, containing both σ- and π-bonds were formed, presumably through the decomposition of the adduct (CH₃)₃SnCF₂CF₂Mn(CO)₅. With trifluoroethylene, neither adduct nor dimer is obtained but the novel fluorovinyl-transition metal compounds cis- and trans-(CFH=CF)Mn(CO)₅ were formed. When reacted with trifluorochloroethylene, CF₂=CFCOMn(CO)₅ was predominantly obtained, as well as cis- and trans-(CFCl=CF)Mn(CO)₅ in small yields. The reaction with ethylene caused the cleavage of the manganese-carbonyl bond rather than the tin-manganese bond, forming (CH₃) ₃Sn-Mn(CO) ₄(π-C₂H₄) . The catalytic activity of (CH₃) ₃Sn-Mn(CO) ₅ in the hydrogenation of ethylene was also examined. Detailed spectroscopic studies were made for the products obtained in the pure state.
Wirtschaftliche und soziale Ziele der kommunalen Gebietsreform
Creators: name: Mäeltsemees, Sulev
name: Kull, Michael
name: Lõhmus, Mikk
name: Ratas, Jüri
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013
Subjects: ocal self-government; economic development; co-operation; provision of public services; association of local-self government; legal environment; public administration reform; voluntary merger; Baltic Sea countries

description: The purpose of this paper is to analyze socio-economic goals of the administrative-territorial reform in Estonia. 
An administrative-territorial reform has been a top issue since in Estonia regained its independence but there are virtually no results. In 1995, a law was passed granting the Government the right to take decisions on the country’s administrative-territorial division. Both the local authorities and the central government can initiate changes in the administrative-territorial division. By the spring of 2012, there were 226 local governments in Estonia, including 193 rural municipalities and 33 cities. 
The administrative-territorial organisation of Estonia needs changes. The average population of Estonian rural municipalities is less than 2,500 people and, in spite of mergers, there are still inexpedient units where the centrally located settlement is separated from its hinterland in administrative terms. However, one should be objective when preparing and implementing the administrative-territorial reform. The often expressed opinion that decreasing the number of rural municipalities would result in retrenchment of resources in terms of the number of local officials and administrative costs is misleading.
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 20, No 2 (2012)
Dual adversarial and contrastive network for single-source domain generalization in fault diagnosis
Creators: name: Li, Guangqiang
name: Atoui, M. Amine
name: Li, Xiangshun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Domain generalization achieves fault diagnosis on unseen modes. In process industrial systems, fault samples are limited, and it is quite common that the available fault data are from a single mode. Extracting domain-invariant features from single-mode data for unseen mode fault diagnosis poses challenges. Existing methods utilize a generator module to simulate samples of unseen modes. However, multi-mode samples contain complex spatiotemporal information, which brings significant difficulties to accurate sample generation. To solve this problem, this paper proposed a dual adversarial and contrastive network (DACN) for single-source domain generalization in fault diagnosis. The main idea of DACN is to generate diverse sample features and extract domain-invariant feature representations. An adversarial pseudo-sample feature generation strategy is developed to create fake unseen mode sample features with sufficient semantic information and diversity, leveraging adversarial learning between the feature transformer and domain-invariant feature extractor. An enhanced domain-invariant feature extraction strategy is designed to capture common feature representations across multi-modes, utilizing contrastive learning and adversarial learning between the domain-invariant feature extractor and the discriminator. Experiments on the Tennessee Eastman process and continuous stirred-tank reactor demonstrate that DACN achieves high classification accuracy on unseen modes while maintaining a small model size.
Quantum state tomography on closed timelike curves using weak measurements
Creators: name: Bishop, Lachlan G.
name: Costa, Fabio
name: Ralph, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Any given prescription of quantum time travel necessarily endows a Hilbert space to the chronology-violating (CV) system on the closed timelike curve (CTC). However, under the two foremost models, Deutsch's prescription (D-CTCs) and postselected teleportation (P-CTCs), the CV system is treated very differently: D-CTCs assign a definite form to the state on this system, while P-CTCs do not. To further explore this distinction, we present a methodology by which an operational notion of state may be assigned to their respective CV systems. This is accomplished via a conjunction of state tomography and weak measurements, with the latter being essential in leaving any notions of self-consistency intact. With this technique, we are able to verify the predictions of D-CTCs and, perhaps more significantly, operationally assign a state to the system on the P-CTC. We show that, for any given combination of chronology-respecting input and unitary interaction, it is always possible to recover the unique state on the P-CTC, and we provide a few specific examples in the context of select archetypal temporal paradoxes. We also demonstrate how this state may be derived from analysis of the P-CTC prescription itself, and we explore how it compares to its counterpart in the CV state predicted by D-CTCs.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Unveiling the high energy tail of 1E 1740.7-2942 with INTEGRAL
Creators: name: Bouchet, L.
name: Del Santo, M.
name: Jourdain, E.
name: Roques, J. P.
name: Bazzano, A.
name: De Cesare, G.
name: ;
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The microquasar 1E 1740.7-2942 is observed with Integral since Spring 2003. Here, we report on the source high energy behaviour by using the first three years of data collected with SPI and IBIS telescopes, taking advantage of the instruments complementarity. Light curves analysis showed two main states for 1E 1740.7-2942: the canonical low/hard state of black-hole candidates and a ``dim'' state, characterised by a ~ 20 times fainter emission, detected only below 50 keV and when summing more than 1Ms of data. For the first time the continuum of the low/hard state has been measured up to ~ 600 keV with a spectrum that is well represented by a thermal Comptonization plus an additional component necessary to fit the data above 200 keV. This high energy component could be related to non-thermal processes as already observed in other black-hole candidates. Alternatively, we show that a model composed by two thermal Comptonizations provides an equally representative description of the data: the temperature of the first population of electrons results as (kTe)_1 ~ 30 keV while the second, (kTe)_2, is fixed at 100 keV. Finally, searching for 511 keV line showed no feature, either narrow or broad, transient or persistent.
description: accepted in Astrophysical Journal Part 1; 3 figures
Formation hybrid flame retardant and its effect on thermal resistance of araldite resin composite
Creators: name: I.Al-Mosawi, Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91202 Composite and Hybrid Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Investigations on zinc borate-Sb2O5 have been performed up to (3000ºC) to increase the flame retardancy of Araldite composite. A surface layer from zinc borate- Sb2O5 with (4mm) thickness was used and exposed to a direct flame generated from Oxyacetylene torch with exposure intervals [10,15, 20mm] and study the range of resistance of retardant material layer to the fire and protected the substrate. The results show that the mixing ratio of 3:1 (zinc borate: Sb2O5) is the optimum mixing ratio, and obtaining the best result.
Buchstaber invariants of skeleta of a simplex
Creators: name: Fukukawa, Yukiko
name: Masuda, Mikiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55M99, 90C05

description: A moment-angle complex $\mathcal{Z}_K$ is a compact topological space associated with a finite simplicial complex $K$. It is realized as a subspace of a polydisk $(D^2)^m$, where $m$ is the number of vertices in $K$ and $D^2$ is the unit disk of the complex numbers $\C$, and the natural action of a torus $(S^1)^m$ on $(D^2)^m$ leaves $\mathcal{Z}_K$ invariant. The Buchstaber invariant $s(K)$ of $K$ is the maximum integer for which there is a subtorus of rank $s(K)$ acting on $\mathcal{Z}_K$ freely. The story above goes over the real numbers $\R$ in place of $\C$ and a real analogue of the Buchstaber invariant, denoted $s_\R(K)$, can be defined for $K$ and $s(K)\leqq s_\R(K)$. In this paper we will make some computations of $s_\R(K)$ when $K$ is a skeleton of a simplex. We take two approaches to find $s_\R(K)$ and the latter one turns out to be a problem of integer linear programming and of independent interest.
Conflicting Interest in the Production of Wind Energy: Public Demand for Shores without Wind Turbines
Creators: name: Müürsepp, Margot
name: Ehrlich, Üllas
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013
Subjects: coastal conservation; wind farm planning; contingent valuation; non-market values; visual pollution; demand for environmental goods

description: In contrast to countries with longer experience in the field, Estonia has not actively included public opinion into the planning process of new wind farms. Wind farms in Estonia are built mainly on the coast, 90% of which is covered with natural surface. The paper investigates, using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM), the willingness of Estonian inhabitants to pay for preserving the Estonian coastal zone wind turbines free. Total demand of Estonian adult population for Estonian shores in their natural condition without wind turbines is found to be considerable 23.4 million euro annually. The demand of the population for the preservation of the nature underlines the need for changes in national strategies for the wind power sector.
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 20, No 2 (2012)
Microtraps for neutral atoms using superconducting structures in the critical state
Creators: name: Emmert, Andreas
name: Lupascu, Adrian
name: Brune, Michel
name: Raimond, Jean-Michel
name: Haroche, Serge
name: Nogues, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently demonstrated superconducting atom-chips provide a platform for trapping atoms and coupling them to solid-state quantum systems. Controlling these devices requires a full understanding of the supercurrent distribution in the trapping structures. For type-II superconductors, this distribution is hysteretic in the critical state due to the partial penetration of the magnetic field in the thin superconducting film through pinned vortices. We report here an experimental observation of this memory effect. Our results are in good agreement with the redictions of the Bean model of the critical state without adjustable parameters. The memory effect allows to write and store permanent currents in micron-sized superconducting structures and paves the way towards new types of engineered trapping potentials.
description: accepted in Phys. Rev. A
Stakeholders Involvement in Performance Management in Public General Schools
Creators: name: Ploom, Kristi
name: Haldma, Toomas
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013
Subjects: performance management; balanced performance measures; secondary schools; public education; Estonia

description: In response to increasing concerns with the legitimacy and efficiency of public spending, performance management as a part of world-wide public sector reform, called New Public Management (NPM) has taken place. This is also the case of educational sector. In Estonian education system, legislation formally enables to design an integrated performance management system. But there is few research done to investigate how these policies and regulations ought to be put into force in order to gain the benefits considering the schools' and pupils' better performance. 

This study investigates how different stakeholders are involved into the performance management in Estonian general schools. The study is based on empirical survey data gathered from 303 schools providing secondary education in Estonia. 

The research findings have three main implications. Firstly, the paper contributes to the scarce knowledge about implementation of performance management issues in public schools. Our analysis revealed that compilation of school development plans in Estonian schools is rather a formal obligation. Therefore we propose that the analysis and discussion of the school development plans is needed to organize on regional level, involving all main stakeholders of a school. Secondly, we suggest that in the circumstances of a decentralised education system, like in Estonia, it is needed to implement, central practical performance assessment principles and guidance for the schools. Thirdly, it is highly necessary to improve schools’ cooperation with different stakeholder groups. Also the framework involving different stakeholder groups in the decentralized schools management system should be built up.
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 20, No 2 (2012)
Additional file 1 of High genetic diversity and different type VI secretion systems in Enterobacter species revealed by comparative genomics analysis
Creators: name: Peng, Mu
name: Lin, Weiyuan
name: Zhou, Aifen
name: Jiang, Zhihui
name: Zhou, Fangzhen
name: Wang, Zhiyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Similarity identity matrix of average amino acid identity (AAI) (upper triangle) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) (lower triangle) among Enterobacter species. The color represents the numerical size, red color means the highest value, green color represents the lowest value.Strains are considered one species when share >95% AAI and ANI.
Fiscal Discipline and Social Capital: Evidence from Europe during the Last Economic Crisis and Recovery
Creators: name: Parts, Eve
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013
Subjects: social capital; fiscal deficit; government debt; European countries

description: The purpose of the current paper is to investigate the possible relationship between fiscal discipline and social capital in EU member states during the last economic crisis and recovery, along with the assessment of the initial welfare effects of fiscal stimulus measures. Preliminary results show that institutional trust and general trust as social capital indicators associate positively with the extent of fiscal stimulus, while governance indicators show negative correlations. However, the significance of these results is relatively low and the subject needs thus further investigation. Further, it appeared that fiscal stimulus had weak positive effect on short-term recovery of GDP and employment, but not on medium-term GDP growth potential.
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 20, No 2 (2012)
Die juristische und geodätische Administration des Eigentums an Grund und Boden in Rumänien im 20. Jahrhundert
Creators: name: Müller, Dietmar
name: Bojincă, Alina
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für Geschichte des ländlichen Raumes
Year: 2022

description: Between the elite notion of property and the practices of property to land in the coun- tryside are – as mediating forces – institutions and professions which administer land. This chapter focuses on the twentieth century Romanian administration of property to land by the institutions of the cadastre and land registry and the professions of the lawyer, geodesist, and notary public. The ever growing role of the state since the interwar period in agriculture was not corroborated with the creation of efficient systems of land administra- tion. Correspondingly, only the profession of the lawyer could gain a significant degree of autonomy while other proto-professions remained dependant on the state. The low level of legal security regarding property to land across the twentieth century reflects the role of agriculture and the countryside in the elites’ vision, being considered as an area of capital extraction, backwardness, and diminished civil rights.
description: Jahrbuch für Geschichte des ländlichen Raumes, Bd. 7 (2010): Transforming Rural Societies. Agrarian Property and Agrarianism in East Central Europe in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
title: Investigating the Survival Response of Staphylococcus aureus to the Antimicrobial Lipid Sphingosine
Creators: name: Chen, Y
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2018

description: The human skin surface is covered with a lipid film that forms the interface between the viable epidermal layers and outer environment, and influences the colonisation of bacteria. Hydrolysis of the epidermal lipid ceramide via ceramidase yields sphingosine, an antimicrobial lipid that is able to kill staphylococci rapidly. Studies of patients with atopic dermatitis have indicated a correlation between levels of sphingosine and S. aureus colonisation of human skin, yet the contribution of sphingosine to the composition of the human skin microbiome and microbiota colonisation is unclear. This study investigates the effect of the host epidermal antimicrobial lipid D-sphingosine on S. aureus and S. epidermidis, with a focus on discovering components that contribute to survival of the former. The methods RNA-Seq and qPCR were used to dissect the transcriptional responses of S. aureus Newman and S. epidermidis Tü3298 after challenge with D-sphingosine. S. aureus displayed a large set of differentially expressed genes (1331), which contrasted with a smaller set for S. epidermidis (340). There was a clearly defined stimulon that was common between the species that included pathways for energy maintenance, amino acid and ion transport and metabolism, and protein repair. Previously reported transcriptomic responses to multiple cell wall and membrane-targeting antimicrobials shared commonalities with the response to sphingosine that supports its reported mode of action at the cell surface with membrane damage. The VraSR cell wall stress stimulon was upregulated in both species. Each species displayed pronounced upregulation of a putative phosphate-specific ABC transporter system encoded by the pstS-pstCAB operons. Experiments identified a contribution of this transport system to sphingosine survival and phosphate supplementation was shown to markedly increase sphingosine survival. Previous studies by the Horsburgh group identified experimentally evolved S. aureus strains with high levels of D-sphingosine resistance after serial passage with increasing concentrations of the lipid. SNPs associated with increased resistance were determined by genome resequencing and some of these were localised to the farER genes encoding a FarR-regulated FarE (mmpL) lipid efflux transporter. An isogenic farR SNP mutant of S. aureus was generated using molecular genetics approaches and showed a 10-fold higher MIC for D-sphingosine compared with the wild type Newman strain, indicating that the purported FarER fatty acid efflux system may have the capacity to mediate transport of sphingosine. The study findings of a link between sphingosine challenge and phosphate metabolism indicates future research potential to study host spingosine-1-phosphate in staphylococcal lifecycles, during health and disease.
Crystal structures of some group V compound
Creators: name: Zobel, Tessa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The crystal and molecular structure of cacodylic acid, (CH₃)₂AsO.OH, has been determined by X-ray diffraction of a single crystal. The crystals belong to the triclinic system with a = 6.53, b = 6.82, c = 6.61 Å, α = 77°30', β = 78°45', γ = 55°9', z = 2, space group P1̅. The structure was determined from visual intensity data by Patterson and Fourier methods, and the positional and anisotropic thermal parameters were refined by least-squares. The final discrepancy factor is 0.149 for 806 observed reflections. The structure consists of centrosymmetrical, hydrogen-bonded dimers, with 0-H...0 distances of 2.57Å, the arsenic atoms having a tetrahedral configuration with bond angles in the range 106° - 115°. Crystals of antimony triiodide, SbI₃, are rhombohedral with a[subscript H] = 7.48 Å, C[subscript H] = 20.90 Å, z = 6, space group R3̅. The structure was determined from h0.ℓ Patterson, Fourier and difference projections, the final discrepancy factor being 0.131. The antimony atoms are significantly displaced from the centres of iodine octahedra, and have three near neighbour iodine atoms at 2.868 ± 0.010 Å, with I-Sb-I = 95.8 ± 0.3°, and three further off at 3.316 ± 0,010 Å, The structure is thus intermediate between that of a molecular crystal, as in Asl₃, and an ionic arrangement. Crystals of Bil₃ have a[subscript H] = 7.52 Å, c[subscript H] = 20.72 Å. Comparison of measured and calculated powder intensities suggests that the bismuth atom is situated at the centre of an iodine octahedron, so that the structure is probably largely ionic. Lone-pair steric effects, as well as changes in bonding character, are thought responsible for the differences in the crystal structures of Asl₃, Sbl₃ and Bil₃.