Microtus richardsoni
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Microtus
Microtus richardsoni

description: <i>Microtus richardsoni</i> (DeKay, 1842). Zoology of New York, Part I, Mammals, p. 91. TYPE LOCALITY: Canada, Alberta Prov., vicinity of Jasper House (as interpreted by Bailey, 1900:60). DISTRIBUTION: Subalpine and alpine meadows of Rocky Mountains, from S British Columbia and Alberta, Canada, to W Wyoming and C Utah, USA; and of Cascade Mountains, from SW British Columbia south through WC Oregon. SYNONYMS: <i>arvicoloides, macropus, myllodontus, principalis.</i> COMMENTS: Senior synonym of the type (= <i>arvicoloides)</i> of <i>Aulacomys.</i> In early classifications (Bailey, 1900; Miller, 1896), <i>richardsoni</i> was placed with Old World water voles of the subgenus <i>Arvicola</i> (including <i>Aulacomys)</i> of <i>Microtus,</i> a relationship reaffirmed by Hooper and Hart (1962) and followed by others, with <i>Arvicola</i> employed either at the subgeneric (Hall, 1981) or generic level (Jones et al., 1975). Other evidence favors the retention of <i>richardsoni</i> within <i>Microtus</i> and the restriction of <i>Arvicola</i> to Old World forms (Carleton, 1981; Gromov and Polyakov, 1977; Hinton, 1926; Koenigswald, 1980; Repenning, 1980; Zagorodnyuk, 1990). Hoffmann and Koeppel (1985) further suggested the <i>de novo</i> origin of <i>M. richardsoni</i> in North America from an early stock that also gave rise to <i>M. xanthognathus,</i> an idea consistent with the biochemical similarity of <i>richardsoni</i> to certain New World <i>Microtus</i> (Nadler et al., 1978) and with Zagorodnyuk's (1990) expanded concept of the subgenus <i>Aulacomys</i> (including <i>M. chrotorrhinus,</i> <i>M. longicaudus,</i> and <i>M. xanthognathus).</i> The phylogenetic placement of <i>richardsoni</i> in <i>Arvicola</i> versus <i>Microtus</i> bears critically on interpretations of historical zoogeography, but the appropriate sampling of New and Old World species needed to resolve the problem has yet to be achieved within a single study. See Ludwig (1984, Mammalian Species, 223).
description: Published as part of <i>Guy G. Musser &amp; Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press</i> on page 528, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
description: {"references": ["Bailey, V. E. 1900. Revision of American voles of the genus Microtus. North American Fauna, 17: 1 - 88.", "Miller, G. S., Jr. 1896. The genera and subgenera of voles and lemmings. North American Fauna, 12: 1 - 84.", "Hooper, E. T., and B. S. Hart. 1962. A synopsis of Recent North American microtine rodents. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 120: 1 - 68.", "Hall, E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America. Second ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1: 1 - 600 + 90, 2: 601 - 1181 + 90.", "Carleton, M. D. 1981. A survey of gross stomach morphology in Microtinae (Rodentia, Muroidea). Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 46: 93 - 108.", "Gromov, I. M., and I. Ya. Polyakov. 1977. Fauna SSSR, Mlekopitayushchie, tom 3, vyp. 8 [Fauna of the USSR, vol. 3, pt. 8, Mammals]. Polevki [Voles (Microtinae)]. Nauka, Moscow-Leningrad, 504 pp. (in Russian).", "Koenigswald, W. von. 1980. Schmelzstruktur und Morphologie in den Molaren der Arvicolidae (Rodentia). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 539: 1 - 129.", "Repenning, C. A. 1980. Faunal exchanges between Siberia and North America. Canadian Journal of Anthropology, 1: 37 - 44.", "Zagorodnyuk, I. V. 1990. Kariotipicheskaya izmenchivost' i sistematika serykh polevok (Rodentia, Arvicolini). Soobshchenie 1. Vidovoi sostav i khromosomnye chisla [Karyotypic variability and systematics of the gray voles (Rodentia, Arvicolini). Communication 1. Species composition and chromosomal numbers]. Vestnik Zoologii, 2: 26 - 37 (in Russian).", "Nadler, C. F., N. M. Zhurkevich, R. S. Hoffmann, A. I. Kozlovskii, L. Deutsch, and C. F. Nadler, Jr. 1978. Biochemical relationships of the Holarctic vole genera (Clethrionomys, Microtus, and Arvicola (Rodentia: Arvicolinae )). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 56: 1564 - 1575.", "Ludwig, D. R. 1984. Microtus richardsoni. Mammalian Species, 223: 1 - 6."]}