cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ist das BtMG bei Suizidwilligen einschränkend auszulegen?
Creators: name: Stolte, Katharina Sophie
Publisher: name: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Der Beitrag untersucht, ob das BtMG bei Suizidwilligen einschränkend auszulegen ist. Berücksichtigung finden hierbei Urteile aus der jüngeren Rechtsprechung des BVerwG und des BVerfG sowie die Grundrechte des Suizidwilligen. Zudem werden die Rechte und Pflichten Dritter, insbesondere von Ärzten, definiert. Diese werden der Auslegung der einschlägigen Normen des BtMG zugrunde gelegt. Insbesondere wird auf das Spannungsfeld zwischen ärztlichem Berufsrecht, dem Gesetzeszweck des BtMG und den Grundrechten des Suizidwilligen eingegangen. Im Ergebnis wird argumentiert, dass dem Suizidwilligen – unter engen Voraussetzungen - ein Betäubungsmittel zum Zwecke des Suizides zur Verfügung gestellt werden darf.
description: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft, Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2021): 1. Ausgabe der Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft (Schwerpunkt: Kartellrecht)
Learning nonlocal regularization operators
Creators: name: Holler, Gernot
name: Kunisch, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49J20, 45Q05

description: A learning approach for determining which operator from a class of nonlocal operators is optimal for the regularization of an inverse problem is investigated. The considered class of nonlocal operators is motivated by the use of squared fractional order Sobolev seminorms as regularization operators. First fundamental results from the theory of regularization with local operators are extended to the nonlocal case. Then a framework based on a bilevel optimization strategy is developed which allows to choose nonlocal regularization operators from a given class which i) are optimal with respect to a suitable performance measure on a training set, and ii) enjoy particularly favorable properties. Results from numerical experiments are also provided.
description: 29 pages, 2 figures
Urtica pilulifera Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Urticaceae
Urtica
Urtica pilulifera

description: Urtica pilulifera Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 983. 1753. "Habitat in Europa australi." RCN: 7127. Lectotype (Monro in Monro & Spencer in Taxon 54: 797. 2005): Herb. Clifford: 440, Urtica 1 (BM-000647369). Current name:  Urtica pilulifera L. (Urticaceae). Note: Although Bhopal & Chaudhri (in Pakistan Syst. 1(2): 42. 1977) indicated unspecified material in LINN as the holotype, the only material there associated with this name (1111.1) lacks the relevant Species Plantarum number (i.e. “1”) and was a post-1753 addition to the herbarium, and is not original material for the name.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part U), pp. 906-910 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 909, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Characterization of an electrically cooled BEGe detector till E$_γ\sim7$ MeV
Creators: name: Sharma, Sathi
name: Gupta, Arkabrata
name: Dey, Balaram
name: Chowdhury, M. Roy
name: Mandal, A.
name: Bisoi, A.
name: Nanal, V.
name: Tribedi, L. C.
name: Sarkar, M. Saha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An electrically cooled Broad Energy Germanium (BEGe) detector has been characterized in the energy range E$_γ$ $\sim$ 0.122 - 7 MeV by utilizing the $γ$- rays emitted by a short-lived resonance state in $^{15}$O populated through $^{14}$N(p,$γ$) reaction and standard radioactive source ($^{152}$Eu). The experimental results have been reproduced through simulations with GEANT4 code, including vendor specified detector geometry along with the detailed construction of the target holder flange, to delineate the effects of the holder at various energies and detector position. Later the efficiency with a bare point source has been simulated. It has been found that the electrically cooled BEGe detector is suitable for usage in the $γ$-ray spectroscopy as well as for the study of resonance phenomena in nuclear astrophysics.
description: 18 pages including 10 figures
Nutzung und Verwaltung der deutschen Ausschließlichen Wirtschaftszone
Creators: name: Söllner, Paul
Publisher: name: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Die Ausschließliche Wirtschaftszone (AWZ) ist als nicht nur geographisch, sondern auch konzeptionell zwischen territorialer Souveränität und hoheitsfreien Raum gelegener Meeresbereich mit ungleich viel Konfliktpotential belegt. In Deutschland rückte die AWZ zuletzt im Rahmen der Energiewende und dem damit verbundenen Ausbau von Offshore-Windenergieanlagen wieder stärker in den Fokus. Der vorliegende Beitrag soll vor allem umfangreich die Interaktion von Völker- und nationalem sowie Unionsrecht betrachten. Dabei zeigt sich das wachsende Spannungsverhältnis zwischen den Vorgaben des UN-Seerechtsübereinkommens und staatlichen Nutzungsinteressen, das gezwungenermaßen zu einer fortschreitenden creeping jurisdiction Deutschlands als Küstenstaat führt.
description: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft, Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2021): 1. Ausgabe der Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft (Schwerpunkt: Kartellrecht)
Aquilonastra marshae O'Loughlin & Rowe 2004
Creators: name: Jangoux, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Valvatida
Asterinidae
Aquilonastra
Aquilonastra marshae

description: marshae O’Loughlin & Rowe, 2004, Aquilonastra
Aquilonastra marshae O’Loughlin & Rowe, 2004: 277, figs 1, 3c, 6d-e, 9d.
CURRENT STATUS. — Aquilonastra marshae O’Loughlin & Rowe, 2004.
TYPE MATERIAL. — Red Sea • holotype; Jusseaume leg.; 1892; MNHN-IE-2014-617 • 7 paratypes; same as holotype; MNHN- IE-2014-494.
description: Published as part of Jangoux, Michel, 2022, The type specimens of extant asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle of Paris, pp. 259-334 in Zoosystema 44 (11) on page 298, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a11, http://zenodo.org/record/6616817
Quantum Process Tomography of the Quantum Fourier Transform
Creators: name: Weinstein, Yaakov S.
name: Havel, Timothy F.
name: Emerson, Joseph
name: Boulant, Nicolas
name: Saraceno, Marcos
name: Lloyd, Seth
name: Cory, David G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of quantum process tomography on a three-qubit nuclear magnetic resonance quantum information processor are presented, and shown to be consistent with a detailed model of the system-plus-apparatus used for the experiments. The quantum operation studied was the quantum Fourier transform, which is important in several quantum algorithms and poses a rigorous test for the precision of our recently-developed strongly modulating control fields. The results were analyzed in an attempt to decompose the implementation errors into coherent (overall systematic), incoherent (microscopically deterministic), and decoherent (microscopically random) components. This analysis yielded a superoperator consisting of a unitary part that was strongly correlated with the theoretically expected unitary superoperator of the quantum Fourier transform, an overall attenuation consistent with decoherence, and a residual portion that was not completely positive - although complete positivity is required for any quantum operation. By comparison with the results of computer simulations, the lack of complete positivity was shown to be largely a consequence of the incoherent errors during the quantum process tomography procedure. These simulations further showed that coherent, incoherent, and decoherent errors can often be identified by their distinctive effects on the spectrum of the overall superoperator. The gate fidelity of the experimentally determined superoperator was 0.64, while the correlation coefficient between experimentally determined superoperator and the simulated superoperator was 0.79; most of the discrepancies with the simulations could be explained by the cummulative effect of small errors in the single qubit gates.
description: 26 pages, 17 figures, four tables; in press, Journal of Chemical Physics
Mepolizumab prefilled syringe and autoinjector: a profile of their use in severe eosinophilic asthma
Creators: name: Young-A Heo
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine

description: Compliance with Ethical Standards Disclosure: The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Conflicts of interest: Young-A Heo is an salaried employees of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, is responsible for the article content and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here AbstractMepolizumab (Nucala ®), a monoclonal antibody that targets interleukin-5, has a well-established efficacy and tolerability profile as an add-on treatment for patients with severe eosinophilic asthma. Mepolizumab was first available in a lyophilized formulation that required reconstitution and administration by a healthcare professional. More recently, a comparable liquid formulation of mepolizumab has been developed for administration via a prefilled single-use syringe or autoinjector, thereby allowing administration of the drug by patients/caregivers at home, which increases patient convenience. The mepolizumab prefilled syringe and autoinjector are approved for use in patients aged ≥ 12 years with severe eosinophilic asthma in the USA and those with severe refractory eosinophilic asthma in the EU. In usability studies, most patients and their caregivers successfully administered mepolizumab using the prefilled syringe or autoinjector. Patients generally found the devices easy to use, showed high levels of patient satisfaction and preferred self-administration over assisted administration.
Pay Attention: Aboriginal Art in NSW
Creators: name: Vaughan, Priya
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Aboriginal art
New South Wales
art market
authenticity
colonial narratives
contemporary art
traditional art
dot painting
south eastern designs

description: Despite extensive academic focus on Indigenous Australian art, sustained engagement, particularly in the discipline of anthropology, has largely focused on artists and artworks from the central, northern and western regions of Australia. Academic works examining art-making in the south east of Australia, particularly New South Wales (NSW), are relatively few, despite news articles, exhibition catalogues and monographs penned by artists and curators providing evidence of vibrant communities of Aboriginal artists and solo practitioners working across NSW. In light of this, this thesis addresses the relative academic silence around Aboriginal art-making in NSW. It asks, broadly, what kind of art is being made in NSW and why? Drawing on fieldwork undertaken across NSW – including interviews with 65 artists, curators, arts workers and others – and on primary analysis of several data sets – including material from the Australian Art Sales Digest and Parliament of NSW Aboriginal Art Prize catalogues – this thesis seeks to pay attention to Aboriginal artists working across NSW in order to document the work they make, the technical, creative and social processes through which they create art, their experiences of the art-world, particularly the art market, and their motivations for making. As a result of this attention, this thesis focuses on various themes, issues and topics. The history of intellectual and commercial engagement with Aboriginal art produced in NSW since British colonisation is canvassed in order to contextualise and make sense of the concerns and creative interests of research participants. Participant use of art to represent, affirm and constitute diverse personal, cultural and professional identities is explored and it is demonstrated that identity-focused works reveal that Aboriginality is conceptualised, by artists, in overwhelmingly non-essentialist ways, although the nature of this non-essentialism is varied. Diverse art practices undertaken by Aboriginal artists in NSW are described, including detailed analysis of two visual forms (south eastern designs and dots) and two styles or genres (urban art and contemporary art) which are commonly created, or are felt to be significant, by participants. These forms/genres are positioned by artists and others as traditional and non-traditional to NSW, sometimes simultaneously. Analysis of engagement with these forms reveals the ways participants conceive of culture especially as it pertains to tradition, authenticity, change and continuity. Finally, consideration of the sale of art in various art market spheres illustrates that selling work is significant for artists, and confers meaning upon artworks offered for sale.
Additional file 7 of Evaluation of zoonotic platyhelminthe infections identified in slaughtered livestock in Iran, 2015–2019
Creators: name: Kiani, Behzad
name: Budke, Christine M.
name: Abadi, Ebrahim Shams
name: Hashtarkhani, Soheil
name: Amene Raouf Rahmati
name: AkbarPour, Mostafa
name: Zarean, Mehdi
name: Farash, Bibi Razieh Hosseini
name: Kiani, Fatemeh
name: Moghaddas, Elham
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 7.
Model-Independent Reionization Observables in the CMB
Creators: name: Hu, Wayne
name: Holder, Gilbert P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We represent the reionization history of the universe as a free function in redshift and study the potential for its extraction from CMB polarization spectra. From a principal component analysis, we show that the ionization history information is contained in 5 modes, resembling low-order Fourier modes in redshift space. The amplitude of these modes represent a compact description of the observable properties of reionization in the CMB, easily predicted given a model for the ionization fraction. Measurement of these modes can ultimately constrain the total optical depth, or equivalently the initial amplitude of fluctuations to the 1% level regardless of the true model for reionization.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PRD (rapid communications)
Interview mit Prof. Dr. Lange und Dr. Welter
Creators: name: Gruber, Schenk
Publisher: name: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Mit Prof. Dr. Knut Werner Lange und Dr. Dominik Welter haben sich zwei Experten dazu bereit erklärt, uns kartellrechtliche Fragestellungen aus juristischer und ökonomischer Perspektive zu beantworten. Besonders spannend waren für uns ihre Einschätzungen zu den aktuellen Entwicklungen der letzten Wochen und Monate in bestimmten Teilbereichen des Kartellrechts. So ist am 19.01.2021 die 10. Novelle des Gesetzes gegen Wettbewerbsbeschränkungen (GWB) – dem wichtigsten Gesetz des deutschen Kartell- und Wettbewerbsrechts – in Kraft getreten. Ein maßgebliches Ziel der Novellierung ist die Begrenzung der Macht von großen Tech-Giganten, also vor allem der sogenannten GAFA-Unternehmen Google, Amazon, Facebook und Apple. Dass diese Herausforderung nicht allein auf nationaler Ebene gelöst werden kann, zeigen zwei Entwürfe zu neuen Verordnungen der EU-Kommission vom 15.12.2020: Vorgestellt wurden der Digital Services Act (DSA) und der Digital Markets Act (DMA). Während der DSA Regelungen zu verbesserter Transparenz und Verbraucherschutz umfasst, finden sich im DMA wettbewerbliche Verpflichtungen für Gatekeeper, mit denen insbesondere große systemische Online-Plattformen gemeint sind. Deshalb war für uns der Digital Markets Act von größerem Interesse. Beide Entwürfe durchlaufen nun das ordentliche Gesetzgebungsverfahren der EU, wobei mit zahlreichen Änderungen zu rechnen ist. Neben Fragen zur GWB-Novelle und dem Digital Markets Act beinhalten die Interviews beispielsweise auch die Themen E-Mobility und die allgemeine Rolle des Staates im Kartellrecht. Parallel zu den Interviews finden Sie zu bestimmten Begriffen separate Erklärungen und zusätzliche Informationen.
description: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft, Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2021): 1. Ausgabe der Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft (Schwerpunkt: Kartellrecht)
Tackling the infrared problem of thermal QCD
Creators: name: Schroder, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perturbative calculations of corrections to the behavior of an ideal gas of quarks and gluons, the limit that is formally realized at infinite temperature, are obstructed by severe infrared divergences. The limits to computability that the infrared problem poses can be overcome in the framework of dimensionally reduced effective theories. Here, we give details on the evaluation of the highest perturbative coefficient needed for this setup, in the continuum.
description: 3 pages, Lattice2003(nonzero)
Grußwort und Editorial
Creators: name: Bitz, Lena
Publisher: name: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft, Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2021): 1. Ausgabe der Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft (Schwerpunkt: Kartellrecht)
Hypotrachyna expallida Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Divakar, Pradeep K.
name: Crespo, Ana
name: Núñez-Zapata, Jano
name: Flakus, Adam
name: Sipman, Harrie J. M.
name: Elix, John A.
name: Lumbsch, H. Thorsten
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanorales
Parmeliaceae
Hypotrachyna
Hypotrachyna expallida

description: Hypotrachyna expallida (Kurok.) Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix & Lumbsch, comb. nov. MycoBank No.:
MB 803585
 Parmelia expallida Kurokawa (1968: 191); Parmelina expallida (Kurok.) Hale (1974a: 482); Parmelinopsis expallida (Kurok.) Elix & Hale (1987: 242).
description: Published as part of Divakar, Pradeep K., Crespo, Ana, Núñez-Zapata, Jano, Flakus, Adam, Sipman, Harrie J. M., Elix, John A. & Lumbsch, H. Thorsten, 2013, A molecular perspective on generic concepts in the Hypotrachyna clade (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota), pp. 21-38 in Phytotaxa 132 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.132.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5086040
Spin squeezing via atom - cavity field coupling
Creators: name: Genes, Claudiu
name: Berman, P. R.
name: Rojo, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin squeezing via atom-field interactions is considered within the context of the Tavis-Cummings model. An ensemble of N two-level atoms interacts with a quantized cavity field. For all the atoms initially in their ground states, it is shown that spin squeezing of both the atoms and the field can be achieved provided the initial state of the cavity field has coherence between number states differing by 2. Most of the discussion is restricted to the case of a cavity field initially in a coherent state, but initial squeezed states for the field are also discussed. Optimal conditions for obtaining squeezing are obtained. An analytic solution is found that is valid in the limit that the number of atoms is much greater than unity and is also much larger than the average number of photons, inititally in the coherent state of the cavity field. In this limit, the degree of spin squeezing increases with increasing a, even though the field more closely resembles a classical field for which no spin squeezing could be achieved.
description: submitted to PRA
Behördliche vs. private Kartellrechtsdurchsetzung
Creators: name: Zeck, Michael
Publisher: name: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Mit der Angleichung des GWB an die EU-Verordnung (EG) Nr.1/2003 in der 7. Novellierung wurde im Jahre 2005 in Deutschland die Möglichkeit der Kartellrechtsdurchsetzung durch Private gesetzlich verankert und seitdem gefördert. Inzwischen ist die Anzahl der für die behördliche Verfolgung von Kartellverstößen elementaren Kronzeugenanträge rückläufig. Im Beitrag wird der vielschichtige Zusammenhang zwischen den beiden Ausprägungsformen (behördlich und privat) hergestellt und das deutsche Gesamtsystem der Kartellrechtsdurchsetzung vor dem Hintergrund der ökonomischen Bedeutung von Kartellen ausgewertet. Als entscheidend für die parallele Effektivität beider Durchsetzungsregime stellt sich die Bewältigung des wechselwirkungsbedingten Konflikts durch das weitestgehende Aufbrechen des zwischen ihnen bestehenden Spannungsfelds mittels geeigneter Rechtsvorschriften heraus.
description: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft, Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2021): 1. Ausgabe der Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft (Schwerpunkt: Kartellrecht)
Pilea pumila A. Gray 1848
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Urticaceae
Pilea
Pilea pumila

description: Urtica pumila Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 984. 1753. "Habitat in Canada." RCN: 7130. Lectotype (Monro in Monro & Spencer in Taxon 54: 797. 2005): Kalm, Herb. Linn. No. 1111.3 (LINN). Current name:  Pilea pumila (L.) A. Gray (Urticaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part U), pp. 906-910 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 909, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
How higher goals are constructed and collapse under stress: a hierarchical Bayesian control systems perspective
Creators: name: Goekoop, Rutger
name: de Kleijn, Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this paper, we show that organisms can be modeled as hierarchical Bayesian control systems with small world and information bottleneck (bow-tie) network structure. Such systems combine hierarchical perception with hierarchical goal setting and hierarchical action control. We argue that hierarchical Bayesian control systems produce deep hierarchies of goal states, from which it follows that organisms must have some form of 'highest goals'. For all organisms, these involve internal (self) models, external (social) models and overarching (normative) models. We show that goal hierarchies tend to decompose in a top-down manner under severe and prolonged levels of stress. This produces behavior that favors short-term and self-referential goals over long term, social and/or normative goals. The collapse of goal hierarchies is universally accompanied by an increase in entropy (disorder) in control systems that can serve as an early warning sign for tipping points (disease or death of the organism). In humans, learning goal hierarchies corresponds to personality development (maturation). The failure of goal hierarchies to mature properly corresponds to personality deficits. A top-down collapse of such hierarchies under stress is identified as a common factor in all forms of episodic mental disorders (psychopathology). The paper concludes by discussing ways of testing these hypotheses empirically.
Selective Amplification of a Quantum State
Creators: name: Zagoskin, A. M.
name: Grajcar, M.
name: Omelyanchouk, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict a novel effect in a quantum two-level system (TLS) coupled to a resonant cavity. By bringing the TLS in and out of resonance with the cavity by a series of $N$ rectangular bias pulses (the length of the $m$th pulse scaling as $1/\sqrt{m}$), we will coherently excite the $N$-photon state, $|N,$ of the cavity only if the TLS was initially in an appropriate quantum state ("go" state). Otherwise the number of photons in the cavity will remain small compared to $N$ ({\em selective amplification}). If the TLS was in a coherent superposition of the "go" and "no go" states, the cavity will be in a superposition of states, in which the state $|N$ will enter with the same weight as the initial "go" component. The effect is due to $\sqrt{N+1}$-dependence of the Rabi oscillation frequency on the number $N$ of photons in the cavity. It is stable with respect to noise, pulse shape, finite temperature, TLS decoherence and TLS detuning from resonance with the cavity. The effect can be used as a means to read out a quantum state of a qubit coupled to a resonator.
description: Analytical results added
Hypotrachyna heteroloba Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Divakar, Pradeep K.
name: Crespo, Ana
name: Núñez-Zapata, Jano
name: Flakus, Adam
name: Sipman, Harrie J. M.
name: Elix, John A.
name: Lumbsch, H. Thorsten
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanorales
Parmeliaceae
Hypotrachyna
Hypotrachyna heteroloba

description: Hypotrachyna heteroloba (Zahlbr.) Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix & Lumbsch, comb. nov. MycoBank
No.: MB 803586
 Parmelia heteroloba Zahlbruckner (1909: 171); Parmelina heteroloba (Vain.) Hale (1974a: 482); Parmelinopsis heteroloba (Vain.) Elix & Hale (1987: 242).
description: Published as part of Divakar, Pradeep K., Crespo, Ana, Núñez-Zapata, Jano, Flakus, Adam, Sipman, Harrie J. M., Elix, John A. & Lumbsch, H. Thorsten, 2013, A molecular perspective on generic concepts in the Hypotrachyna clade (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota), pp. 21-38 in Phytotaxa 132 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.132.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5086040
A 13CO and C18O Survey of the Molecular Gas Around Young Stellar Clusters Within 1kpc of the Sun
Creators: name: Ridge, Naomi A.
name: Wilson, T. L.
name: Megeath, S. T.
name: Allen, L. E.
name: Myers, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the first step of a multi-wavelength investigation into the relationship between young stellar clusters and their environment we present fully-sampled maps in the J=1--0 lines of 13CO and C18O and the J=2--1 line of C18O for a selected group of thirty young stellar groups and clusters within 1kpc of the Sun. This is the first systematic survey of these regions to date. The clusters range in size from several stars to a few hundred stars. Thirty fields ranging in size from 8'x 8' to 60'x 30' were mapped with 47'' resolution simultaneously in the J=1-0 lines with Five College Radio Observatory. Seventeen sources were mapped over fields ranging in size from 3'x 3' to 13'x 13' in the J=2--1 line with 35'' resolution with the Heinrich Hertz Telescope. We compare the cloud properties derived from each of the three tracers in order to better understand systematic uncertainties in determing masses and linewidths. Cloud masses are determined independently using the 13CO and C18O transitions, these masses range from 30 to 4000 M_sun. Finally, we present a simple morphological classification scheme which may serve as a rough indicator of cloud evolution.
description: 52 pages, 29 figures. Accepted for publication in AJ. Some figures have been reduced in resolution, a full resolution version is available from http://daisy.astro.umass.edu/~naomi/pubs/pubs.html
Acanthaster planci
Creators: name: Jangoux, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Valvatida
Acanthasteridae
Acanthaster
Acanthaster planci

description: mauritiensis Loriol, 1885, Acanthaster
Acanthaster mauritiensis Loriol, 1885: 6, pl. 12, figs 1-3.
Acanthaster planci ‒ Clark 1993: 322.
CURRENT STATUS. — Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758).
TYPE MATERIAL. — Mauritius • 1 syntype; MNHN-IE-2014-534
description: Published as part of Jangoux, Michel, 2022, The type specimens of extant asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle of Paris, pp. 259-334 in Zoosystema 44 (11) on page 298, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a11, http://zenodo.org/record/6616817
Time-varying Models for Macroeconomic Forecasts
Creators: name: Zhang, Bo
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: ARMA errors
stochastic volatility
model averaging
macroeconomic forecasts
inflation forecast
renewable electricity generation

description: This thesis consists of three studies focusing on ways to detect and model time variation among macroeconomic variables. In these three studies, errors with autoregressive moving averages (ARMA), model averaging, and stochastic volatility (SV) are used to investigate the uncertainty and the instability of macroeconomic dynamics. In particular, I expand upon both univariate (autoregressive; AR) and multivariate (vector autoregressive; VAR) time series models. Chapter 1 provides a general introduction to the research interest of this thesis. Next, Chapter 2 introduces an ARMA component with SV into the unobserved component model. A transformation to a stacked matrix form of the model is conducted for posterior fast simulation. The proposed model is then used to study macroeconomic time series in the United States (US). The proposed new model provides good full-sample simulation for the majority of the macroeconomic variables, and can improve both the point and the interval forecasting performance of these variables across different horizons. In Chapter 3, I use real-time macroeconomic variables and both time-varying and equal weights with time-varying parameter models to forecast inflation in the US. Three time-varying coefficient models with three specifications of their error terms are studied. The alternative error-term assumptions are errors with a Gaussian distribution, errors with SV, and errors with moving average SV. Both point forecasts and density forecasts suggest that adding variables and allowing time-varying lag length choice can significantly improve forecasting performance. The forecasting performance of the time-varying and equal weights model combination methods show that adding SV can improve density forecasts but not point forecasts. Finally, in Chapter 4, I employ a time-varying parameter VAR with SV (TVP-VAR-SV) to analyze the dynamics of renewable electricity generation (REG), gross domestic product (GDP) growth, and CO2 emissions. TVP-VAR-SV and other restricted variants are employed for forecasting REG with data from the US. The empirical results suggest that TVP-VAR-SV is suitable for studying the relationship between REG, GDP, and CO2. The forecasting results suggest that VARs with a time-varying volatility specification can perform much better than those without SV, while allowing for time-varying coefficients does not improve forecasting performance.
The Natural Selection of Conservative Science
Creators: name: O'Connor, Cailin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Social epistemologists have argued that high risk, high reward science has an important role to play in scientific communities. Recently, though, it has also been argued that various scientific fields seem to be trending towards conservatism -- the increasing production of what Kuhn (1970) would have called `normal science'. This paper will explore a possible explanation for this sort of trend: that the process by which scientific research groups form, grow, and dissolve might be inherently hostile to high risk science. In particular, I employ a paradigm developed by Smaldino and McElreath (2016) that treats a scientific community as a population undergoing selection. As will become clear, perhaps counter-intuitively this sort of process in some ways promotes high risk, high reward science. But, as I will point out, high risk high reward science is, in general, the sort of thing that is hard to repeat. While more conservative scientists will be able to train students capable of continuing their successful projects, and so create thriving lineages, successful risky science may not be the sort of thing one can easily pass on. In such cases, the structure of scientific communities selects against high risk, high rewards projects. More generally, this paper makes clear that there are at least two processes to consider in thinking about how incentives shape scientific communities -- the process by which individual scientists make choices about their careers and research, and the selective process governing the formation of new research groups.
Casimir induced instabilities at metallic surfaces and interfaces
Creators: name: Ding, Kun
name: Oue, Daigo
name: Chan, C. T.
name: Pendry, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface plasmons subject to a surface distortion split asymmetrically in energy resulting in a net lowering of zero-point energy. This is because surface plasmon eigenvalues are the square of frequencies, a statement generally true for electromagnetic excitations. We utilize the method based on conformal mapping to demonstrate asymmetric splitting under surface corrugations leading to a decrease in zero-point energy of a single corrugated metallic surface contributing to surface reconstructions but too small on its own to drive the reconstruction. However, by introducing a second metallic surface more significant lowering of energy is seen sufficient to drive the instability of a mercury thin film.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Water property rights in rivers with large dams
Creators: name: Hughes, Neal
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2015

description: This thesis is concerned with the allocation of water in regulated rivers: rivers controlled by large dams. Water property right reforms undertaken in Australia and elsewhere have decentralised water allocation: both spatial (via market trade) and inter-temporal (via storage rights). While these reforms have proven successful, externalities and transaction costs always persist. This thesis asks: what is the preferred system of water rights - in terms of allocative efficiency - given that all proposals are in some way {u0300}second-best'? We test property right systems using a decentralised model of a regulated river, in which a large number of users make private trade and storage decisions. The model is unique in representing surface water rights in a multi-agent stochastic dynamic environment (a stochastic game). To solve the model we develop a novel computational method in the spirit of 'multi-agent systems', which combines reinforcement learning algorithms from computer science with learning concepts from game theory. Ultimately, this allows us to populate the model with near optimal selfish agents. We present three applications of the model. First, we consider the design of water storage rights - where users hold private storage reserves in public reservoirs. In particular, we compare 'capacity sharing' (Dudley and Musgrave 1998) with alternative approaches. Second, we reconsider the issue of priority water rights - where certain users receive water allocations before others - in the context of storage. Third, we reconsider all of these issues, in the context of in-stream users: in particular a large environmental water holder. To maintain generality we specify broad ranges for the parameters of our model - based on statistics for the Australian Murray-Darling Basin (MDB) - and present the results of a large number of model runs. We compliment our results with discussion of the water institutions of Australia and the western US.
Urtica urens Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Urticaceae
Urtica
Urtica urens

description: Urtica urens Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 984. 1753. "Habitat in Europae cultis." RCN: 7132. Lectotype (Ghafoor in Jafri & El-Gadi, Fl. Libya 47: 12. 1977): Herb. Linn. No. 1111.5 (LINN). Current name:  Urtica urens L. (Urticaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part U), pp. 906-910 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 909, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Probabilistic aspects of Wigner function
Creators: name: Usenko, Constantin V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Wigner function of quantum systems is an effective instrument to construct the approximate classical description of the systems for which the classical approximation is possible. During the last time, the Wigner function formalism is applied as well to seek indications of specific quantum properties of quantum systems leading to impossibility of the classical approximation construction. Most of all, as such an indication the existence of negative values in Wigner function for specific states of the quantum system being studied is used. The existence of such values itself prejudices the probabilistic interpretation of the Wigner function, though for an arbitrary observable depending jointly on the coordinate and the momentum of the quantum system just the Wigner function gives an effective instrument to calculate the average value and the other statistical characteristics. In this paper probabilistic interpretation of the Wigner function based on coordination of theoretical-probabilistic definition of the probability density, with restrictions to a physically small domain of phase space due to the uncertainty principle, is proposed.
description: X International Conference on Quantum Optics, Minsk, BELARUS, May 30 - June 3, 2004
Galactia cordifolia Ceolin & Miotto 2013, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Ceolin, Guilherme B.
name: Miotto, Sílvia T. S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Galactia
Galactia cordifolia

description: Galactia cordifolia Ceolin & Miotto, sp. nov. (Figs. 4D, 4E)
 Type: — BRAZIL. Mato Grosso do Sul: Ribas do Rio Pardo, elevation 376 m, 20º38'56"S, 53º39'20"W, 24 February 2008, fl., fr., A. Pott & V. J. Pott 14941 (holotype CGMS!, isotype ICN!).
This species is closely related with Galactia glaucescens but differs from it in its unifoliolate coriaceous leaves with an amplexicaul, heart-shaped base, against leaves rarely unifoliolate and never amplexicaul; the lack of a petiole, while in G. glaucescens petiole up to 3 mm long; and the keel petals 14× 5–6 mm, comparing to keels up to 12 mm long.
Erect subshrub, ca. 0.5 m tall; leaves unifoliolate, glabrous, coriaceous 60–90× 70–80 mm, base of leaflets heart-shaped, almost completely surrounding the stem (amplexicaul); petiole absent; inflorescences erect and terminal, ca. 15 cm long, many flowered; pedicel 1–3 mm long; standard petal pilose 14 × 12–13 mm; wing petals 11–13 × 5–6 mm and keel petals 14 × 5–6 mm; fruits 41 × 8 mm; seeds ovoid to ellipsoid 3–5 mm long.
 Additional Specimens Examined (Paratypes): — BRAZIL. Mato Grosso do Sul: Ribas do Rio Pardo, 25 January 1979, fl., fr., A. Krapovickas & C. L. Cristóbal 34375 (CTES, SI); São Gabriel do Oeste, MS-429, 11 April 2009, fl., fr., L.C.P. Lima & M.P. Andrade 582 (HUEFS).
 Etymology:—the specific epithet refers to the heart-shaped leaves (Latin, cordis: heart; folia: leaf).
 Distribution and Habitat: —to date, this species has been recorded only in the Brazilian State of Mato Grosso do Sul where it inhabits the Cerrado biome and grows in open grassland as well as in more arboreal areas (Cerradão).
 Phenology:— flowering and fruiting from December to March.
description: Published as part of Ceolin, Guilherme B. & Miotto, Sílvia T. S., 2013, Synopsis of the genus Galactia (Phaseoleae, Papilionoideae, Leguminosae) in Brazil, pp. 1-26 in Phytotaxa 134 (1) on page 5, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.134.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5086070
Sclerasterias mazophorus
Creators: name: Jangoux, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Forcipulatida
Asteriidae
Sclerasterias
Sclerasterias mazophorus

description: mazophorus Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891, Asterias
Asterias mazophorus Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891: 436. Sclerasterias mazophorus ‒ Clark in Clark & Mah 2001: 298.
CURRENT STATUS. — Sclerasterias mazophorus (Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891).
TYPE MATERIAL. — Andaman sea • 1 syntype; Investigator Survey; Indian Museum leg.; MNHN-IE-2014-382.
REMARK
The type locality of A. mazophorus (Investigator Survey, Andaman Sea, station 115, 344-403 m) is the only known locality of the species.
description: Published as part of Jangoux, Michel, 2022, The type specimens of extant asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle of Paris, pp. 259-334 in Zoosystema 44 (11) on pages 298-299, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a11, http://zenodo.org/record/6616817
Additional file 2 of Vorinostat impairs the cancer-driving potential of leukemia-secreted extracellular vesicles
Creators: name: Massaro, Crescenzo
name: Sgueglia, Giulia
name: Muro, Annamaria
name: Pieragostino, Damiana
name: Lanuti, Paola
name: Cufaro, Maria Concetta
name: Giorgio, Cristina
name: D’Agostino, Erika
name: Torre, Laura Della
name: Baglio, Serena Rubina
name: Pirozzi, Marinella
name: De Simone, Mariacarla
name: Altucci, Lucia
name: Dell’Aversana, Carmela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2
Long-term X-ray Variability of Circinus X-1
Creators: name: Parkinson, P. M. Saz
name: Tournear, D. M.
name: Bloom, E. D.
name: Focke, W. B.
name: Reilly, K. T.
name: Wood, K. S.
name: Ray, P. S.
name: Wolff, M. T.
name: Scargle, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of long term X-ray monitoring observations of Circinus X-1 (Cir X-1) made with four different instruments: Vela 5B, Ariel V ASM, Ginga ASM, and RXTE ASM, over the course of more than 30 years. We use Lomb-Scargle periodograms to search for the ~16.5 day orbital period of Cir X-1 in each of these data sets and from this derive a new orbital ephemeris based solely on X-ray measurements, which we compare to the previous ephemerides obtained from radio observations. We also use the Phase Dispersion Minimization (PDM) technique, as well as FFT analysis, to verify the periods obtained from periodograms. we obtain dynamic periodograms (both Lomb-Scargle and PDM) of Cir X-1 during the RXTE era, showing the period evolution of Cir X-1, and also displaying some unexplained discrete jumps in the location of the peak power.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, Latex
Compton scattering on the proton, neutron, and deuteron in chiral perturbation theory to O(Q^4)
Creators: name: Beane, S. R.
name: Malheiro, M.
name: McGovern, J. A.
name: Phillips, D. R.
name: van Kolck, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Compton scattering in systems with A=1 and 2 using chiral perturbation theory up to fourth order. For the proton we fit the two undetermined parameters in the O(Q^4) $γ$p amplitude of McGovern to experimental data in the region $ω,\sqrt{|t|} \leq 180$ MeV, obtaining a chi^2/d.o.f. of 133/113. This yields a model-independent extraction of proton polarizabilities based solely on low-energy data: alpha_p=12.1 +/- 1.1 (stat.) +/- 0.5 (theory) and beta_p=3.4 +/- 1.1 (stat.) +/- 0.1 (theory), both in units of 10^{-4} fm^3. We also compute Compton scattering on deuterium to O(Q^4). The $γ$d amplitude is a sum of one- and two-nucleon mechanisms, and contains two undetermined parameters, which are related to the isoscalar nucleon polarizabilities. We fit data points from three recent $γ$d scattering experiments with a chi^2/d.o.f.=26.6/20, and find alpha_N=13.0 +/- 1.9 (stat.) +3.9/-1.5 (theory) and a beta_N that is consistent with zero within sizeable error bars.
description: 57 pages, 16 figures. Substantial changes. Correction of errors in deuteron calculation results in different values for isoscalar polarizabilities. Results for the proton are unaffected. Text modified to reflect this change, and also to clarify various points
Additional file 1 of Effect of Massachusetts House Bill No. 4196 on electronic cigarette use: a mixed-methods study
Creators: name: Katchmar, Amanda
name: Gunawan, Adrian
name: Siegel, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Baseline Survey Instrument. This file contains the outline of the survey completed by participants before the implementation of the Massachusetts excise tax.
Continuum limit of lattice quasielectron wavefunctions
Creators: name: Patra, Aniket
name: Hillebrecht, Birgit
name: Nielsen, Anne E. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Trial states describing anyonic quasiholes in the Laughlin state were found early on, and it is therefore natural to expect that one should also be able to create anyonic quasielectrons. Nevertheless, the existing trial wavefunctions for quasielectrons show behaviors that are not compatible with the expected topological properties or their construction involves ad hoc elements. It was shown, however, that for lattice fractional quantum Hall systems, it is possible to find a relatively simple quasielectron wavefunction that has all the expected properties [New J. Phys. 20, 033029 (2018)]. This naturally poses the question: what happens to this wavefunction in the continuum limit? Here we demonstrate that, although one obtains a finite continuum wavefunction when the quasielectron is on top of a lattice site, such a limit of the lattice quasielectron does not exist in general. In particular, if the quasielectron is put anywhere else than on a lattice site, the lattice wavefunction diverges when the continuum limit is approached. The divergence can be removed by projecting the state on the lowest Landau level, but we find that the projected state does also not have the properties expected for anyonic quasielectrons. We hence conclude that the lattice quasielectron wavefunction does not solve the difficulty of finding trial states for anyonic quasielectrons in the continuum.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures