cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Anatomy of $b \to c \, τ\, ν$ anomalies
Creators: name: Azatov, Aleksandr
name: Bardhan, Debjyoti
name: Ghosh, Diptimoy
name: Sgarlata, Francesco
name: Venturini, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent times, one of the strongest hints of Physics Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) has been the anomaly in the ratios $R_D$ and $R_{D^\ast}$ measured in the charged current decays of $B$-mesons. In this work, we perform a comprehensive analysis of these decay modes, first in a model independent way and subsequently, in the context of composite Higgs models. We discuss in depth as to how linearly realised $\rm SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y$ symmetry imposes severe constraint on the various scenarios because of correlations with other $ΔF =1$ processes and $Z\,τ\,τ$ and $Z\,ν\,ν$ couplings. In the composite Higgs paradigm with partial compositeness, we show that, irrespective of the flavour structure of the composite sector, constraints from $ΔF =2$ processes bring the compositeness scale down to $\sim 650$ GeV which is in tension with electroweak precision observables. In the presence of composite leptoquarks, the situation improves only marginally (a factor of $\sqrt{2}$ in the compositeness scale), thus making the new states soon discoverable by direct searches at the LHC. We also comment on the possible explanation of the $R_{K,K^*}$ anomalies within the composite Higgs framework.
description: Published version
A high performance ASIC for electrical and neurochemical traumatic brain injury monitoring
Creators: name: Pagkalos, Ilias
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) can be defined as a non-degenerative, non-congenital brain trauma due to an external mechanical force. TBI is a major cause of death and disability in all age groups and the leading cause of death and disability in working people and among young adults. This Thesis presents the first application specific integrated chip (ASIC) for monitoring patients suffering from TBI. The microelectronic chip was designed to meet the demands of processing physiological signals for an alternative method of TBI monitoring. It has been studied that by monitoring electrical (ECoG) and chemical (glucose, lactate and potassium) signals, the report of spreading depolarisation (SD) waves could be a good indicator for an upcoming secondary brain injury. The ultimate aim of this Thesis has been to support the idea of a “behind-the-ear” micro-platform, which could enable the monitoring of mobile (or mobilized) patients suffering a TBI who, currently, are not monitored. Switched-capacitor (SC) circuits have been adopted for the implementation of both current and voltage analogue front-ends (AFEs). Advanced techniques to minimise noise and improve the noise performance of the circuit were employed. Moreover, a digitally enabled automatic transimpedance gain control circuit, suitable for current analogue front-ends, was developed and tested in order to provide an automated way to adjust the gain and to counterbalance for the drop in sensitivity of the biosensors due to drift. Measured results confirming the operation of the TBI ASIC and its sub-circuits are reported. Finally, a novel circuit that mimics the Butler-Volmer dynamics is presented. The basic building blocks arise from the combination of Translinear (TL) Circuits and the Non- linear Bernoulli Cell Formalism (NBCF). The developed electrical equivalent circuit has been compared to an ideal model, which was developed in MATLAB. The robustness of the microelectronic system was evaluated by means of Monte Carlo simulations.
Quantum Resource Theories
Creators: name: Chitambar, Eric
name: Gour, Gilad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum resource theories (QRTs) offer a highly versatile and powerful framework for studying different phenomena in quantum physics. From quantum entanglement to quantum computation, resource theories can be used to quantify a desirable quantum effect, develop new protocols for its detection, and identify processes that optimize its use for a given application. Particularly, QRTs revolutionize the way we think about familiar properties of physical systems like entanglement, elevating them from just being interesting from a fundamental point of view to being useful in performing practical tasks. The basic methodology of a general QRT involves partitioning all quantum states into two groups, one consisting of free states and the other consisting of resource states. Accompanying the set of free states is a collection of free quantum operations arising from natural restrictions on physical systems, and that consists of all the physical processes allowed by the resource theory and which acts invariantly on the set of free states. The QRT then studies what information processing tasks become possible using the restricted operations. Despite the large degree of freedom in how one defines the free states and free operations, unexpected similarities emerge among different QRTs in terms of resource measures and resource convertibility. As a result, objects that appear quite distinct on the surface, such as entanglement and quantum reference frames, appear to have great similarity on a deeper structural level. In this article we review the general framework of a quantum resource theory, focusing on common structural features, operational tasks, and resource measures. To illustrate these concepts, an overview is provided on some of the more commonly studied QRTs in the literature.
description: Ver. 3 is near publication form with some updated references
Temporal scaling of hydrological time series in a shallow responsive aquifer
Creators: name: Habib, Abrar Mustafa Sayed Ahmed
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: The existence of temporal scaling in hydrological time series has been acknowledged for decades but seldom rigorously investigated in terms of the effect of various catchment-scale forcings on the scaling behaviour of local series. The aim of this work is to establish the relationship between these forcings, such as a catchment’s physical properties or scaling behaviour of local series, on the scaling behaviour of groundwater levels (GWL) in the catchment. The benefit from performing this exercise is that it sheds light onto the local processes governing the fluctuation of GWL. The study site selected for this work is in Wallingford, United Kingdom. GWL and river stage – monitored at 1-minute intervals – and corresponding rainfall, temperature and other hydrometeorological series – monitored at 15-minute intervals – are available for a period of 4 years. The site is formed of a riparian aquifer that drains into River Thames and the GWL are highly responsive and fluctuate over a wide range of temporal sales. To rigorously investigate local forcings on Wallingford’s GWL scaling behaviour, a physically-based coupled recharge-groundwater flow model is developed and calibrated using multi-objective evolutionary algorithms to simulate GWL scaling behaviour. The scaling behaviour of all series is analysed using a newly developed robust detrended fluctuation analysis procedure (r-DFAn) to reliably and objectively quantify and identify the different scaling regimes that may exist in hydrological variables (Habib, Sorensen et al. 2017). By varying the various inputs and parameters of the model to study their effect on GWL scaling behaviour, it was found that only changes to rainfall scaling behaviour produced statistically significant changes to GWL scaling behaviour. Other inputs and parameters tested were the aquifer’s physical properties, parameters affecting the recharge process, potential evapotranspiration’s scaling properties, river stage’s scaling properties and distance of the GW borehole from the river. This implies that the fluctuation structure of GWLs at the Wallingford site is dictated by the fluctuation structure of the rainfall as opposed to local geology or parameters controlling the recharge process. An additional finding is that the scaling behaviour of a simulated hydrological variable can be used as a metric to ensure that a hydrological model correctly replicates the variable’s fluctuation structure across all studied scales.
Faraday waves over a permeable rough substrate
Creators: name: Maggi, Diego Barba
name: Boschan, Alejandro
name: Martino, Roman
name: Piva, Marcelo
name: Géminard, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on an experimental study of the Faraday instability in a vibrated fluid layer situated over a permeable and rough substrate, consisting either of a flat solid plate or of woven meshes having different openings and wire diameters, open or closed (by a sealing paint). We measure the critical acceleration and the wavelength (on the images from top) at the onset of the instability for vibration frequencies between 28 and 42 Hz. We observe that, in comparison with the flat plate, a mesh leads to an increase of the critical acceleration, whereas the wavelength is not significantly altered in none of the explored cases. In order to rationalize the observations, we use the linear theory written for the case of a flat bottom and a viscous fluid to define an effective thickness of the fluid layer, which permits to define an effective thickness at the bottom. For the closed meshes the effective thickness is simply a linear function of the distance between wires constituting the mesh, whereas it exhibits a more complex behavior for the open meshes. We propose a qualitative understanding for the observed features.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Photoelectric heating for dust grains at high redshifts
Creators: name: Nath, Biman
name: Sethi, Shiv
name: Shchekinov, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lyman-$α$ absorption systems at $z \sim 3$ with $N_{HI} \ga 3 \times 10^{14}$ cm$^{-2}$ have been found to be enriched with a mean metallicity of $Z/Z_{\odot} \sim 10^{-2.5}$, and a large scatter in the metallicity. It is reasonable to assume that the process of initial enrichment of the intergalactic medium (IGM) at $z \ga 3$ also produced dust grains. We explore the implications of the presence of dust grains in the IGM at high redshift, in particular, the contribution of photoelectric emission from grains by hard background photons to the net heating rate of the IGM. We show that (i) the charge on dust particles and the characteristics of photo-emitted electrons differ substantially from those in the interstellar medium (ISM) in several respects: a) grains are exposed to and charged by photons beyond the Lyman limit, and b) because of this, the photoelectrons have typical energy of tens of eV. We also show that ii) silicates are more efficient heating agents than graphites; iii) small grains contribute mostly to the net heating; iv) at densities typical of the IGM at $z\sim 3$ and for Lyman-$α$ absorbers, dust heating can be comparable or exceed photoionization heating within an order of magnitude; v) this increases the temperature of overdense regions, compared to the case of no dust heating, by factor of $\sim 2$. We discuss the implications of this extra heating source in Lyman-$α$ absorbing systems.
description: Latex file (26 pages) with 12 figures. Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of RAS
Sliding of Electron Crystal of Finite Size on the Surface of Superfluid He-4 Confined in a Microchannel
Creators: name: Lin, J. -Y.
name: Smorodin, A. V.
name: Badrutdinov, A. O.
name: Konstantinov, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new study of the nonlinear transport of a two-dimensional electron crystal on the surface of liquid helium confined in a 10 micrometer-wide channel in which the effective length of the crystal can be varied from 10 to 215 micrometers. At low driving voltages, the moving electron crystal is strongly coupled to deformation of the liquid surface arising from resonant excitation of surface capillary waves, ripplons, while at higher driving voltages the crystal decouples from the deformation. We find strong dependence of the decoupling threshold of the driving electric field acting on the electrons, on the size of the crystal. In particular, the threshold electric field significantly decreases when the length of the crystal becomes shorter than 25 micrometers. We explain this effect as arising from weakening of surface deformations due to radiative loss of resonantly-excited ripplons from an electron crystal of finite size, and we account for the observed effect using an instructive analytical model.
description: 5 figures
Surface Critical Phenomena of a Free Bose Gas with Enhanced Hopping at the Surface
Creators: name: Nakano, Hiroyoshi
name: Sasa, Shin-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Bose--Einstein condensation in a tight-binding model with a hopping rate enhanced only on a surface. We show that this model exhibits two different critical phenomena depending on whether the hopping rate on the surface $t_s$ exceeds the critical value $5t/4$, where $t$ is the hopping rate in the bulk. For $t_s/t<5/4$, normal Bose--Einstein condensation occurs, while the Bose--Einstein condensation for $t_s/t\geq5/4$ is characterized by the spatial localization of the macroscopic number of particles at the surface. By exactly calculating the surface free energy, we show that for $t_s/t<5/4$, the singularity of the surface free energy stems from diverging the correlation length in the bulk, while for $t_s/t\geq5/4$, it is induced by the coupling effects between the bulk and surface.
description: 34 pages, 4 figures
Tringa alpina Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Charadriiformes
Scolopacidae
Tringa
Tringa alpina

description: Tringa alpina [spec. nov.]
T. testaceo-fusca, pectore nigricante, rectricibus cine- reo-albidis, pedibus fuscescentibus.
Habitat in Lapponia. Adlerheim.
Magnitudo Sturni; Abdomen album.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 149, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Bounds on hep neutrinos
Creators: name: Fiorentini, G.
name: Berezinsky, V.
name: Degl'Innocenti, S.
name: Ricci, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The excess of highest energy solar-neutrino events recently observed by Superkamiokande can be in principle explained by anomalously high $hep$-neutrino flux $Φ_ν(hep)$. Without using SSM calculations, from the solar luminosity constraint we derive that $Φ_ν(hep)/S_{13}$ cannot exceed the SSM estimate by more than a factor three. If one makes the additional hypothesis that $hep$ neutrino production occurs where the $^3$He concentration is at equilibrium, helioseismology gives an upper bound which is (less then) two times the SSM prediction. We argue that the anomalous $hep$-neutrino flux of order of that observed by Superkamiokande cannot be explained by astrophysics, but rather by a large production cross-section.
description: 7 pages, RevTeX file
On the coarse geometry of James spaces
Creators: name: Lancien, Gilles
name: Petitjean, Colin
name: Procházka, Antonín
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note we prove that the Kalton interlaced graphs do not equi-coarsely embed into the James space $\mathcal J$ nor into its dual $\mathcal J^*$. It is a particular case of a more general result on the non equi-coarse embeddability of the Kalton graphs into quasi-reflexive spaces with a special asymptotic stucture. This allows us to exhibit a coarse invariant for Banach spaces, namely the non equi-coarse embeddability of this family of graphs, which is very close to but different from the celebrated property $\mathcal Q$ of Kalton. We conclude with a remark on the coarse geometry of the James tree space $\mathcal J \mathcal T$ and of its predual.
Országismertető Szomália, második, bővített kiadás/Country Study Somaila (2. edition)
Creators: name: János, Besenyő
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160604 Defence Studies
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 220401 Christian Studies (incl. Biblical Studies and Church History)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 210310 Middle Eastern and African History
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: Book about Somalia
Tringa ocrophus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Charadriiformes
Scolopacidae
Tringa
Tringa ocrophus

description: Tringa ocrophus [spec. nov.]
Tringa rostri apice punctato, pedibus virescentibus, dorso fusco-viridi nitido. Fn. svec. 146.
Tringa. Aldr. orn. l. 20. c. 54. Will. orn. 222. t. 55. Raj. av. 108.
Rhodophus s. Ocrophus. Gesn. av. 508. 511. Aldr. orn. l. 20. c. 39.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 149, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Chaos in cosmological Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Kandrup, Henry E.
name: Drury, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper summarises a numerical investigation which aimed to identify and characterise regular and chaotic behaviour in time-dependent Hamiltonians H(r,p,t) = p^2/2 + U(r,t), with U=R(t)V(r) or U=V[R(t)r], where V(r) is a polynomial in x, y, and/or z, and R = const * t^p is a time-dependent scale factor. When p is not too negative, one can distinguish between regular and chaotic behaviour by determining whether an orbit segment exhibits a sensitive dependence on initial conditions. However, chaotic segments in these potentials differ from chaotic segments in time-independent potentials in that a small initial perturbation will usually exhibit a sub- or super-exponential growth in time. Although not periodic, regular segments typically exhibit simpler shapes, topologies, and Fourier spectra than do chaotic segments. This distinction between regular and chaotic behaviour is not absolute since a single orbit segment can seemingly change from regular to chaotic and visa versa. All these observed phenomena can be understood in terms of a simple theoretical model.
description: 16 pages LaTeX, including 5 figures, no macros required
Az Afrikai konfliktusok és kezelésük sajátosságai, a békefenntartó műveletek során szerzett tapasztalatok
Creators: name: János, Besenyő
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160604 Defence Studies
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Article abot African conflicts and solving them.
Efficient numerical simulations with Tensor Networks: Tensor Network Python (TeNPy)
Creators: name: Hauschild, Johannes
name: Pollmann, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tensor product state (TPS) based methods are powerful tools to efficiently simulate quantum many-body systems in and out of equilibrium. In particular, the one-dimensional matrix-product (MPS) formalism is by now an established tool in condensed matter theory and quantum chemistry. In these lecture notes, we combine a compact review of basic TPS concepts with the introduction of a versatile tensor library for Python (TeNPy) [https://github.com/tenpy/tenpy]. As concrete examples, we consider the MPS based time-evolving block decimation and the density matrix renormalization group algorithm. Moreover, we provide a practical guide on how to implement abelian symmetries (e.g., a particle number conservation) to accelerate tensor operations.
description: 38 pages, 13 figures. Preprint of the published version
Tringa hypoleucos Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Charadriiformes
Scolopacidae
Tringa
Tringa hypoleucos

description: Tringa hypoleucos [spec. nov.]
T. rostro laevi, pedibus lividis, corpore cinereo lituris nigris: subtus albo. Fn. svec. 147.
Tringa minor. Will. orn. 223. t. 35. Raj. av. 108.
Gallinula hypoleucos. Gesn. av. 509. Aldr. orn. 3. p. 469.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 149, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Gerillaháború Nyugat-Szaharában: Polisario vs. Marokkó és Mauritánia
Creators: name: János, Besenyő
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160604 Defence Studies
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 210310 Middle Eastern and African History
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: In this article I will introduce the guerilla war fought between the Polisario Front and the Kingdom of Morocco and Mauritania. Even today, this war provides many lessons regarding desert kind of counter-insurgency operations. Besides reviewing the necessary activities for conducting a successful guerilla war, I also delineate the most efficient methods for defending against one, since this is the first operation, where the Moroccans has achieved long-standing results by the construction of a system of Fortifications (Berm), as well as by the restructuring of its tactics and the units stationed in the Western Saharan region.
The specific heat and magnetic properties of a spin-1/2 ladder including butterfly-shaped unit blocks
Creators: name: Zad, Hamid Arian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The specific heat, structural characterization, and magnetic property studies of a new spin ladder with the geometry of butterfly-shaped configuration are reported. The model introduced here is an infinite spin ladder-type including spin-1/2 particle for which unit blocks consist of two butterflies connected together through their bodies (Body-Body bridges). Localized spins on the wings of butterflies have XXZ Heisenberg interaction with two extra spin-1/2 particles assumed in the center of each cage (unit block), while they have pure Ising-type interaction with those spins that are localized on the bodies. Hence, there are six interstitial spins and four nodal spins (Body-Body interaction) per block. To obtain the partition function of this model, we use the transfer matrix approach, then we examine the magnetization process, as well as, the specific heat of the model. Interestingly, we see a wide plateau at $\frac{5}{6}$ of the saturation magnetization that is strongly dependent on the magnetic field and anisotropy variations. Moreover, some unexpected phenomena are observed in the low-temperature limit, such as anomalous triple-peak in the specific heat function which gradually turns to a double-peak upon increasing the magnetic field and/or anisotropic Heisenberg coupling, due to the ferromagnetic phase predomination.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Clinical and cellular studies in the pathogenesis of desmoid tumours in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)
Creators: name: Walton, Sarah-Jane
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Desmoid tumours are rare, myofibroblastic, soft tissue tumours. However, in the context of familial adenomatous polyposis, they can affect up to a quarter of patients. Desmoid tumours remain the most significant extra-intestinal manifestation of this cancer predisposing, autosomal dominant, condition. Due to their rarity, and unusual growth behaviour, studying these tumours remains a challenge. The clinical studies in this thesis aimed to highlight the complications associated with desmoid tumours and their impact on patient quality of life. The laboratory studies sought to identify potential pathways involved in their growth and detect genetic variants that may influence this process. A retrospective cohort study identified a 25% risk of ureteric compression associated with intra-abdominal desmoid (IAD) tumours and supported a role for long-term urinary tract ultrasound surveillance. Small bowel transplant for complicated IAD disease has become part of the treatment pathway and was found to be a viable treatment option for complex cases. A quality of life study survey involving 70 people with FAP (32 with desmoid) identified a reduced quality of life associated with desmoid. This was mostly attributable to pain limiting physical and social activities. Histological analysis supported activation of the non-canonical Wnt pathway in desmoid tumours. This was a novel finding that could offer pathway targets for future research. Cell culturing of desmoids was largely unsuccessful and led to the initial development of a three-dimensional cell culture scaffold. This could improve future prospects of developing a successful desmoid cell line. Next generation sequencing of desmoid germline and tumour DNA identified several potential genes of interest. An upregulation of miRNA-34a-5p was detected in the serum of patients with desmoid and was also identified in tumour tissue. This could lead to future development of a circulating desmoid biomarker, whilst offering further pathways to explore for future research.
Tringa canutus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Charadriiformes
Scolopacidae
Tringa
Tringa canutus

description: Tringa canutus [spec. nov.]
T. rostro laevi, pedibus cinerascentibus, remigibus primoribus serratis.
Tringa cinerea, remigibus secundariis basi albis, rectricibus quatuor mediis immaculatis. Fn. svec. 150.
Canuti avis. Raj. av. 108.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 149, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Next generation cyber-physical water distribution systems
Creators: name: Kartakis, Sokratis
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Over the last decade, there has been a trend where water utility companies aim to make water distribution networks more intelligent in order to improve their quality of service, reduce water and energy waste, minimize maintenance costs etc., by incorporating Information and Communications Technologies (ICT). Current state of the art solutions use expensive power hungry deployments to monitor and transmit water network states periodically in order to detect anomalous behaviors, such as water leakage and bursts, and control water network assets. However, more than 97% of water network assets are found in remote areas, away from power and are often in geographically remote underpopulated areas; facts that make current approaches unsuitable for next generation more dynamic adaptive water networks. Battery-driven wireless sensor/actuator-based solutions are theoretically the perfect choice to support next generation cyber-physical water distribution systems. In this context, this thesis answers the question: "How can the communication be optimized to achieve sustainable Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) deployed in such harsh environments exploiting limited resources by combining Information, Control, and Communication theory (I2C)? " In order to efficiently utilize underground wireless sensor and actuator network infrastructures, the concepts of edge data processing, anomaly detection and localization, based on compression, stream analyses and graph theory, are introduced. Furthermore, energy optimization and network sustainability by exploiting data-rate and communication scheduling adaptation, based on Lyapunov optimization, is proposed; while the benefits of aperiodic communication are investigated by accommodating event-triggered control technique into smart water networks. In addition to simulations based on real data, WaterBox and BentoBox evaluation platforms were developed to evaluate the proposed algorithms and prove the benefits of event-triggered control and Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) communication technologies against the state-of-the-art solutions. Through theoretical analysis, simulations, and real testbed experiments, the proposed algorithms and systems are shown to outperform contemporary solutions by achieving communication and actuation optimization, data reliability enhancement, while ensuring the sustainable operation of smart water networks. The work presented in this thesis should be of interest to researchers in the emerging areas Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT), and Information and Communications Technology (ICT) for smart sustainable cites.
The role of surface properties on the electrostatic behaviour of powders
Creators: name: Biegaj, Karolina Weronika
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Electrostatic charging is an important, yet underappreciated, phenomenon associated with handling and processing of powders. The ambiguous character of the process of charge generation as well as the complex nature of solid surfaces make powder electrostatics unclear and hard to comprehend or explain. The work carried out in this thesis aimed to provide a detailed investigation on the impact of surface characteristics of powders on their electrostatic behaviour. Here, the experimental design was intended to evaluate the effect of a single parameter at a time, independently of other variables, in order to establish direct correlations between the properties studied. This approach aims to understand why powders exhibit different electrostatic behaviour and how this behaviour changes upon altering material properties. In this work, the influence of surface chemistry on the electrostatic performance has been determined explicitly for the first time for a number of surface chemical groups. The material’s electrostatic behaviour was linked to the surface hydrophobicity resulting from different groups being exposed. Furthermore, the impact of changing humidity on the charge accumulation and dissipation was investigated and concluded to be surface chemistry dependant. This concept was related to the crystal habit and surface energy for mannitol crystals showing how changes in the crystal shape can impact the powder electrostatics. The effect of the material’s internal structure was investigated for amorphous and crystalline lactose and demonstrated that disordered structures significantly decrease charge dissipation kinetics and lead to greater charge being accumulated. The effect of water present in the amorphous/ crystalline phases was also anticipated and determined to be a secondary factor guiding the behaviour. In this work, the importance of surface coating occurring for the binary systems is emphasised and the electrostatic behaviour of binary mixture is studied in detail. Finally, the impact of mixture homogeneity on the electrostatic response was evaluated.
The Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás property and absolute sums
Creators: name: Choi, Yun Sung
name: Dantas, Sheldon
name: Jung, Mingu
name: Martín, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study conditions assuring that the Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás property (BPBp, for short) is inherited by absolute summands of the range space or of the domain space. Concretely, given a pair (X, Y) of Banach spaces having the BPBp, (a) if Y1 is an absolute summand of Y, then (X, Y1) has the BPBp; (b) if X1 is an absolute summand of X of type 1 or \infty, then (X1, Y) has the BPBp. Besides, analogous results for the BPBp for compact operators and for the density of norm attaining operators are also given. We also show that the Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás property for numerical radius is inherited by absolute summands of type 1 or \infty. Moreover, we provide analogous results for numerical radius attaining operators and for the BPBp for numerical radius for compact operators.
Learning anatomical image representations for cardiac imaging
Creators: name: Oktay, Ozan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Advances in cardiac imaging techniques play a vital role in fighting against cardiovascular diseases by helping achieve early and accurate diagnoses as well as guidance in interventional cardiac procedures. Along with these imaging systems, computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) is essential in modern healthcare to yield useful and comprehensive clinical information in a short time. However, CAD systems have not been widely adopted in clinical practice due to technical limitations imposed by the imaging systems. In particular, cardiac cine Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging has a low through-plane resolution and may contain motion artefacts due to the acquisition process. Similarly, the quality of cardiac ultrasound images is operator-dependent and often has poor signal-to-noise-ratio, which presents difficulties for automated image analysis. To tackle these limitations and enhance the accuracy and robustness of the automated image analysis, this thesis focuses on the development and application of state-of-the-art machine learning (ML) techniques in cardiac multi-modal imaging. Specifically, we propose new image feature representation types that are learnt with ML models and aimed at highlighting the correspondences between multi-modal data. These representations are also intended to visualise the cardiac anatomy in more detail for better interpretation and analysis. Moreover, we investigate how quantitative analysis can benefit when these learnt image representations are used in segmentation, motion-tracking and multi-modal image registration. Specifically, a probabilistic edge-map representation is introduced to identify anatomical correspondences in multi-modal cardiac images and demonstrate its use in spatial image alignment and anatomical landmark localisation problems. Additionally, a novel image super-resolution framework is introduced for the enhancement of cardiac cine MR images and we show that high resolution image representation can be useful and informative for various types of subsequent analysis including volumetric measurements and strain analysis.
Evolutionary dynamics of microbial communities
Creators: name: Culbert, Christopher Thomas
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Deciphering the structure and dynamics of communities containing a multitude of species is a topic of great interest to many microbial ecologists. Species interactions have been observed to alter the evolutionary trajectories of communities when subjected to different evolutionary processes. Thus far, many of the studies focused on gaining insight into these processes, do so through the manipulation of pre-existing functions and mechanisms. Though few develop the field of multi-species experimentation in bacterial community knowledge via the implementation of more general and broad theoretical applications. In this thesis I develop a better understanding regarding the evolutionary dynamics of bacterial communities by combining both ecological and evolutionary techniques. By employing the use of a bottom-up approach, through the construction of relatively simple artificial bacterial communities from a library of isolated naturally co-occurring bacteria, I provide insightful evidence of multiple dynamic interactions between different guilds of species. The research presented in Chapters 2, 3 and 5, highlight the impacts that choices in experimental design have when working with multi-species in an experimental setting and increase knowledge of how biotic and abiotic interactions influence community dynamics. Finally, Chapter 4 produced novel insights into previously unexplored areas of community complexity and dynamics; describing the important interplay between intraspecific and interspecific dynamics on community progression.
Constraining the Beaming of Gamma-Ray Bursts With Radio Surveys
Creators: name: Perna, Rosalba
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The degree of beaming in Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) is currently unknown. The uncertainty in the gamma-ray beaming angle, theta, leaves the total energy release (proportional to theta^2) and the event rate per galaxy (proportional to 1/theta^2) unknown to within orders of magnitude. Since the delayed radio emission of GRB sources originates from a mildly relativistic shock and receives only weak relativistic beaming, the rate of radio-selected transients with no GRB counterpart can be used to set an upper limit on 1/theta^2. We find that a VLA survey with a sensitivity of 0.1 mJy at 10 GHz could identify more than 2e4/(theta/10degrees)^2 radio afterglows across the sky if each source is sampled at least twice over a period of one month or longer. From the total number of >0.1 mJy sources observed at 8.44 GHz and the fraction of fading sources at 1.44 GHz, we get the crude limit, theta>6 degrees.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, submitted to ApJ
Spectral variability in cool main-sequence stars due to small-scale magnetic features
Creators: name: Norris, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Stellar variability on timescales of days and longer is attributed to magnetic surface features, such as dark spots and bright faculae. The spectral variability of these features introduces noise and systematics to planetary transit spectroscopy by affecting the shape and depth of observed transit curves. To ensure that the correct planetary parameters are obtained from these observations, accurate facular contrasts and limb darkening must be accounted for in their extraction. Facular contrasts have been observed only in a few wavelength bands on the Sun and cannot be resolved on other stars. Therefore, for full spectral coverage, spectra must be derived from atmospheric models. Until now, only 1D atmospheric models have been widely available. These 1D models do not fully reproduce the observed centre-to-limb variations of faculae, as they neglect the 3D geometry of the faculae. In this thesis, I derive the first spectral contrasts from the UV (149.5~nm) to the infrared (160\,000~nm) for small-scale magnetic features as a function of limb distance and magnetic activity using 3D magneto-convection simulations for multiple cool main-sequence spectral types (F3V-M2V). I find that facular contrasts have a complex relationship with magnetic field strength, limb distance, wavelength and spectral type. The spectral facular contrasts are used to provide centre-to-limb variation coefficients for multiple exoplanetary mission filters. In addition to the magnetic centre-to-limb variations, field-free limb darkening coefficients across the spectral types are derived. Crucially, our calculations provide a direct link between facular contrast and magnetic field that has allowed reconstruction of total solar irradiance without the need for a free parameter.
title: ADCO, Cart. 186 (11 H 71), f. 0469v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, t. II (XVe siècle), tome II, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, C
art. 186 (11 H 71). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, t. II (XVe siècle), tome II, Archives départementales de la
 Côte-d'Or, Cart. 186 (11 H 71), f. 0469v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-
project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Improving Predictions for Helium Emission Lines
Creators: name: Benjamin, Robert A.
name: Skillman, Evan D.
name: Smits, Derck P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have combined the detailed He I recombination model of Smits with the collisional transitions of Sawey & Berrington in order to produce new accurate helium emissivities that include the effects of collisional excitation from both the 2 (3)S and 2 (1) S levels. We present a grid of emissivities for a range of temperature and densities along with analytical fits and error estimates. Fits accurate to within 1% are given for the emissivities of the brightest lines over a restricted range for estimates of primordial helium abundance. We characterize the analysis uncertainties associated with uncertainties in temperature, density, fitting functions, and input atomic data. We estimate that atomic data uncertainties alone may limit abundance estimates to an accuracy of 1.5%; systematic errors may be greater than this. This analysis uncertainty must be incorporated when attempting to make high accuracy estimates of the helium abundance. For example, in recent determinations of the primordial helium abundance, uncertainties in the input atomic data have been neglected.
description: ApJ, accepted
Tringa glareola Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Charadriiformes
Scolopacidae
Tringa
Tringa glareola

description: Tringa glareola [spec. nov.]
T. rostro laevi, pedibus virescentibus, corpore albo punctato, pectore subalbido. Fn. svec. 152.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 149, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Model States for a Class of Chiral Topological Order Interfaces
Creators: name: Crépel, V.
name: Claussen, N.
name: Estienne, B.
name: Regnault, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interfaces between topologically distinct phases of matter reveal a remarkably rich phenomenology. To go beyond effective field theories, we study the prototypical example of such an interface between two Abelian states, namely the Laughlin and Halperin states. Using matrix product states, we propose a family of model wavefunctions for the whole system including both bulks and the interface. We show through extensive numerical studies that it unveils both the universal properties of the system, such as the central charge of the gapless interface mode and its microscopic features. It also captures the low energy physics of experimentally relevant Hamiltonians. Our approach can be generalized to other phases described by tensor networks.
description: Published version. Former supplementary material has been extended and published as a separate article
Unsupervised Domain Adaptation using Regularized Hyper-graph Matching
Creators: name: Das, Debasmit
name: Lee, C. S. George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Domain adaptation (DA) addresses the real-world image classification problem of discrepancy between training (source) and testing (target) data distributions. We propose an unsupervised DA method that considers the presence of only unlabelled data in the target domain. Our approach centers on finding matches between samples of the source and target domains. The matches are obtained by treating the source and target domains as hyper-graphs and carrying out a class-regularized hyper-graph matching using first-, second- and third-order similarities between the graphs. We have also developed a computationally efficient algorithm by initially selecting a subset of the samples to construct a graph and then developing a customized optimization routine for graph-matching based on Conditional Gradient and Alternating Direction Multiplier Method. This allows the proposed method to be used widely. We also performed a set of experiments on standard object recognition datasets to validate the effectiveness of our framework over state-of-the-art approaches.
description: Final version appeared in IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2018
title: ADCO, Cartulaire des Dominicains de Dijon (1286), Cart. 221 (H 53), 170 folios, f. 0178
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire des Dominicains de Dijon (1286), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 221 (H 53), 170 folios. Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire des Dominicains de Dijon (1286), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 221 (H 53), 170 folios, f. 0178, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7003
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15250518p
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/02643413X/id
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/6453767