cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficiency at maximum power of minimally nonlinear irreversible heat engines
Creators: name: Izumida, Yuki
name: Okuda, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the minimally nonlinear irreversible heat engine as a new general theoretical model to study the efficiency at the maximum power $η^*$ of heat engines operating between the hot heat reservoir at the temperature $T_h$ and the cold one at $T_c$ ($T_c \le T_h $). Our model is based on the extended Onsager relations with a new nonlinear term meaning the power dissipation. In this model, we show that $η^*$ is bounded from the upper side by a function of the Carnot efficiency $η_C\equiv 1-T_c/T_h$ as $η^*\le η_C/(2-η_C)$. We demonstrate the validity of our theory by showing that the low-dissipation Carnot engine can easily be described by our theory.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Partial holomorphic connections and extension of foliations
Creators: name: Nisoli, Isaia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F75, 32S65, 32A27,

description: This paper stresses the strong link between the existence of partial holomorphic connections on the normal bundle of a foliation seen as a quotient of the ambient tangent bundle and the extendability of a foliation to an infinitesimal neighborhood of a submanifold. We find the obstructions to extendability and thanks to the theory developed we obtain some new Khanedani-Lehmann-Suwa type index theorems.
Developing Insights on Effects of Service Differentiation in Rail Freight Transportation Systems
Creators: name: Kwon, Oh Kyoung
name: Sussman, Joseph M.
name: Martland, Carl D.
name: Kwon, Oh Kyoung
name: Sussman, Joseph M.
name: Martland, Carl D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 36th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Nov. 3-5, 1994, Daytona, Beach, FL
Macroscopic Klein Tunneling in spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Zhang, Dan-Wei
name: Xue, Zheng-Yuan
name: Yan, Hui
name: Wang, Z. D.
name: Zhu, Shi-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an experimental scheme to detect macroscopic Klein tunneling with spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). We show that a nonlinear Dirac equation with tunable parameters can be realized with such BECs. %in a simple configuration to generate the artificial spin-orbit coupling. Through numerical calculations, we demonstrate that macroscopic Klein tunneling can be clearly detected under realistic conditions. Macroscopic quantum coherence in such relativistic tunneling is clarified and a BEC with a negative energy is shown to be able to transmit transparently through a wide Gaussian potential barrier.
description: 6 pages; 3 figures; Added detailed calculations; Published Version
Information Extraction meets the Semantic Web: A Survey (Talk)
Creators: name: Martinez-Rodriguez, Jose L.
name: Hogan, Aidan
name: Lopez-Arevalo, Ivan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: knowledge graphs
semantic web
information extraction

description: Talk presented at the Knowledge Graphs Conference (KGC 2023) in the Semantic Web Journal - State of the Art track.
Start-Up Airlines; A Counter-Cyclical Phenomenon
Creators: name: Harraf, Abe
name: Vasigh, Bijan
name: Harraf, Abe
name: Vasigh, Bijan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 36th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Nov. 3-5, 1994, Daytona, Beach, FL
Molecular mechanism of deactivating gating in HCN2 channels
Creators: name: Yip, Delbert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Hyperpolarization-activated Cyclic Nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels open with membrane hyperpolarization, rather than depolarization, unlike most other voltage-gated ion channels. Hyperpolarization-dependent opening in HCN channels is thought to occur by steric inhibition of the pore gate by the voltage-sensing domain (VSD). Recent studies have described molecular movements of voltage sensors upon hyperpolarization and pore opening, along with preliminary opening events in the pore, yet little is known about the open structure of the pore. Thus, the structural mechanism of channel deactivation, and how it differs from activation, is unclear. Here, we analyzed a mutation, F431A, in the distal S6 of mHCN2 channels that greatly slows deactivation over a wide range of voltages, but only modestly slows activation. A four-state allosteric model suggests that F431A impairs voltage-sensor relaxation, but does not alter the steady-state voltage-dependence of activation. The model could also describe voltage hysteresis in WT and F431A channels, but to do so, it required a re-calibration separate from that for isochronal recordings. Our results identify that F431 differentially regulates activation and deactivation gating, and suggest that F431A perturbs interactions between the N-terminal S5 and C-terminal S6, particularly during a voltage-dependent closing step that is late, slow, and rate-limiting.
Unionismo fiorentino negli anni Venti. L’Associazione Cristiana dei Giovani di Firenze
Creators: name: Pagliai, Letizia
Publisher: name: Annali di Storia di Firenze
Year: 2013

description: Scarni sono i riferimenti storiografici sulla sezione fiorentina dell’Associazione Cristiana dei Giovani (ACDG), il corrispettivo italiano della Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA), costituita dopo la Grande Guerra da quel Giovanni Battista Giorgini (1898-1971), noto piuttosto come talento imprenditoriale della ‘moda italiana’ negli anni del Miracolo economico. Sotto la presidenza di Giorgini (1924-1933), di formazione religiosa valdese, la sezione fiorentina dell’ACDG divenne punto di riferimento di tutta l’organizzazione italiana. Questo contributo, attraverso documenti esemplificativi, segue alcune fondamentali tappe e aspetti della vita dell’Associazione fino al 1931, quando il governo fascista ne intimò drasticamente lo scioglimento con ordinanza prefettizia.
description: Annali di Storia di Firenze, Vol. 7 (2012)
Vincere e convincere. Processi e politica a Firenze dal 1922 al 1924
Creators: name: Moroni, Sheyla
Publisher: name: Annali di Storia di Firenze
Year: 2013

description: I processi per reati politici (o ritenuti tali) svoltisi fra il 1922 e il 1924 rappresentano un prisma rivelatore delle reazioni dell’universo giudiziario al nascere del regime fascista. A maggior ragione, ciò succede a Firenze e provincia, dove i reati dei bienni rosso e nero sono commessi in un clima da temuta guerra civile. I processi, la loro copertura mediatica e i loro approdi giudiziari raccontano una provincia (e un paese) già consegnati, per stanchezza e disincanto, nelle mani dei fascisti all’indomani della marcia su Roma. Il nascente regime si mostra da subito all’altezza delle aspettative della maggioranza dell’opinione pubblica varando due amnistie che escludono dai loro benefici soltanto chi ha commesso e commette reati di opinione penalmente meno rilevanti ma politicamente molto più insidiosi.
description: Annali di Storia di Firenze, Vol. 7 (2012)
Carlo Ginori e Villa «Le Corti»: la fabbrica di porcellane di Doccia nella sua prima sede
Creators: name: Mazzanti, Beatrice
Publisher: name: Annali di Storia di Firenze
Year: 2013

description: L’articolo affronta il tema della prima sede della Manifattura di Porcellane di Doccia (Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze), oggi scomparsa poiché inglobata nella sede dello stabilimento storico di produzione, il cui aspetto si deve agli interventi condotti negli anni Sessanta del ‘700 dall’architetto Giovan Battista Clemente Nelli (1725-1793). La sede originaria dello stabilimento viene allestita per commissione di Carlo Ginori (1702-1757) in una residenza appositamente acquistata nel 1737 dalla famiglia fiorentina dei Buondelmonti, Villa Le Corti a Doccia, allo scopo di creare un laboratorio per la sperimentazione della ricetta della porcellana. La sede viene presentata grazie a nuove fonti documentarie che consentono la visualizzazione della villa nel contesto suburbano; l’impresa viene collocata nell’ambito della storia della porcellana europea del XVIII secolo, della storia della villa fiorentina, e contestualizzata fra i manufatti d’età preindustriale, mettendone in rilievo l’ambiguo status di ex-residenza di campagna ed insieme sede di produzione di manufatti ceramici.
description: Annali di Storia di Firenze, Vol. 7 (2012)
Unitary equivalence to a complex symmetric matrix: low dimensions
Creators: name: Garcia, Stephan Ramon
name: Poore, Daniel E.
name: Tener, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A57, 47A30

description: A matrix $T \in \M_n(\C)$ is \emph{UECSM} if it is unitarily equivalent to a complex symmetric (i.e., self-transpose) matrix. We develop several techniques for studying this property in dimensions three and four. Among other things, we completely characterize $4 \times 4$ nilpotent matrices which are UECSM and we settle an open problem which has lingered in the $3 \times 3$ case. We conclude with a discussion concerning a crucial difference which makes dimension three so different from dimensions four and above
description: 15 pages. To appear in Lin. Alg. Appl
Another look at charge fractionalization at finite temperature
Creators: name: Kao, Yeong-Chuan
name: Wu, Ming-Chiun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study again the phenomenon of charge fractionalization at finite temperature. Our calculations are done in a framework in which the connection between the induced fermion number and the chiral anomaly is manifest. We find that the fractional fermion number induced on a soliton decreases as temperature rises and vanishes at infinite temperature at one-loop level. These results are consistent with previous studies. As an application of our approach, we have also studied the behavior of the induced Chern-Simons term in the (2+1)-dimensional QED at finite temperature.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Class of dilute granular Couette flows with uniform heat flux
Creators: name: Reyes, Francisco Vega
name: Garzó, Vicente
name: Santos, Andrés
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper [F. Vega Reyes et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 028001 (2010)] we presented a preliminary description of a special class of steady Couette flows in dilute granular gases. In all flows of this class the viscous heating is exactly balanced by inelastic cooling. This yields a uniform heat flux and a linear relationship between the local temperature and flow velocity. The class (referred to as the LTu class) includes the Fourier flow of ordinary gases and the simple shear flow of granular gases as special cases. In the present paper we provide further support for this class of Couette flows by following four different routes, two of them being theoretical (Grad's moment method of the Boltzmann equation and exact solution of a kinetic model) and the other two being computational (molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations of the Boltzmann equation). Comparison between theory and simulations shows a very good agreement for the non-Newtonian rheological properties, even for quite strong inelasticity, and a good agreement for the heat flux coefficients in the case of Grad's method, the agreement being only qualitative in the case of the kinetic model.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures; v2: change of title plus some other minor changes
Design parameters for using controlled low-strength material backfill to manage axial soil loads on buried pipelines
Creators: name: Zulkoski, Caroline Annette
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Buried pipeline systems form a key component of the oil and gas transportation infrastructure, and the performance of these systems located in areas subject to potential ground movements is a critical consideration in engineering design. In mitigating against future or on-going ground displacement hazards, there are instances where the axial soil restraint (soil anchoring capacity) needs to be increased to avoid transferring loads to adjacent potentially vulnerable components in the pipeline system. One method to increase axial soil restraint is to increase the effective diameter of the pipeline. This can be done by encasing the pipeline in controlled, low-strength material (CLSM). The use of CLSM to increase axial soil restraint on buried pipelines requires that the axial load to produce pipe-CLSM interface bond failure be greater than that required for failure at the CLSM-soil interface. To advance the state of knowledge of the axial failure mechanisms of the soil-CLSM-pipe composite, a systematic full-scale testing program was undertaken using the Advanced Soil Pipe Interaction Research (ASPIReTM) modeling chamber at the University of British Columbia. First, twenty-two pipe-CLSM axial pullout tests were completed to assess the bond strength at the interface between CLSM and NPS 8 steel pipe specimens with various coatings. The research findings are presented, and the bond strength is assessed as a percentage of compressional strength to compare to observations from other researchers. Next, five full-scale axial pullout tests on pipes encased in CLSM, and in turn, buried in a soil backfill were conducted, using the results from the pipe-CLSM bond strength testing as well as two initial calibration tests. The work involved special modifications to the existing testing system. The test results are compared to those predicted using the PRCI (2009) guidelines. The ultimate loads measured are in good agreement with the predictions confirming the suitability of current guidelines employed to estimate the anchoring forces generated by encasing pipelines in CLSM backfill.
On the link between associated MgII absorbers and star formation in quasar hosts
Creators: name: Shen, Yue
name: Ménard, Brice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A few percent of quasars show strong associated MgII absorption, with velocities (v_off) lying within a few thousand km/s from the quasar systemic redshift. These associated absorption line systems (AALs) are usually interpreted as absorbers that are either intrinsic to the quasar and its host, or arising from external galaxies clustering around the quasar. Using composite spectra of ~1,800 MgII AAL quasars selected from SDSS DR7 at 0.47sigma) at rest to the quasar host, compared to unabsorbed quasars. We interpret this [OII] excess as due to enhanced star formation in the quasar host. Our results suggest that a significant fraction of AALs with v_off<1500 km/s are physically associated with the quasar and its host, and are most likely large-scale flows with typical velocities of a few hundred km/s. AAL quasars also have dust reddening lying between normal quasars and the so-called dust-reddened quasars. We suggest that the unique properties of AAL quasars can be explained if they are the transitional population from heavily dust-reddened quasar to normal quasars in the formation process of quasars and their hosts. This scenario predicts a larger fraction of young bulges, disturbed morphologies and interactions of AAL quasar hosts compared to normal quasars. The intrinsic link between associated absorbers and quasar hosts opens a new window to probe massive galaxy formation and galactic-scale feedback processes, and provides a crucial test of the evolutionary picture of quasars.
description: ApJ in press; v2 matched to the accepted version; table data included in the source file
The D0 same-charge dimuon asymmetry and possibile new CP violation sources in the $B_s-\bar{B}_s$ system
Creators: name: Kim, Jihn E.
name: Seo, Min-Seok
name: Shin, Seodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the D0 collaboration reported a large CP violation in the same-sign dimuon charge asymmetry which has the $3.2 σ$ deviation from the value estimated in the Standard Model. In this paper, several new physics models are considered: the MSSM, two Higgs doublet model, the recent dodeca model, and a new $Z'$ model. Generally, it is hard to achieve such a large CP violation consistently with other experimental constraints. We find that a scheme with extra non-anomalous U(1)$'$ gauge symmetry is barely consistent. In general, the extra $Z'$ gauge boson induces the flavor changing neutral current interactions at tree level, which is the basic reason allowing a large new physics CP violation. To preserve the U(1)$'$ symmetry at high energy, SU(2)$_L$ singlet exotic heavy quarks of mass above 1 TeV and the Standard Model gauge singlet scalars are introduced.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
Una presenza nascosta: battesimi di ‘turchi’ a Firenze in età moderna
Creators: name: Marconcini, Samuela
Publisher: name: Annali di Storia di Firenze
Year: 2013

description: Molti studi ormai hanno messo in evidenza la persistenza del fenomeno della schiavitù in epoca moderna sull’una e l’altra sponda del mar Mediterraneo, frutto di azioni di pirateria o di corsa che alimentavano un fiorente mercato. Il saggio analizza la presenza di schiavi cosiddetti ‘turchi’ a Firenze a partire dal XVII secolo fino a metà del XVIII, sulla base degli attestati di battesimo. Sebbene la natura della fonte impedisca una ricostruzione completa del quadro, permette però alcune interessanti osservazioni sui luoghi di origine degli schiavi, la loro età al momento del battesimo, e l’identità assunta dopo la cerimonia religiosa: particolarmente significativo il rinvenimento dei matrimoni tra alcuni neofiti e cristiani dalla nascita, che attesta la possibilità che si apriva ai primi, attraverso la conversione, di un pieno inserimento nella società cristiana.
description: Annali di Storia di Firenze, Vol. 7 (2012)
title: Workload of Airport Tower Controllers: Empirical Validation of a Macro-cognitive Model
Creators: name: Smieszek, Hardy
name: Joeres, Fabian
name: Russwinkel, Nele
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications Online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2015

description: The paper focuses on a validation study for a macro-cognitive model of mental workload of airport traffic controllers (ATCOs). This model constitutes a means for quantifying and analysing the distribution of ATCOs workload over time dependent on different traffic scenarios. Workload is modelled via the amount of chunks in working memory. In a one-factor experimental Simulator-Study workload ratings were gathered with different traffic load, using a modified RSME scale within and NASA-TLX after each scenario. The data are analysed and discussed concerning the successful experimental manipulation and the estimation of goodness of fit of the model and experimental data. Therefore the average workload ratings of the participant and the model within each scenario as well as the distribution of workload over time for each participant-model pair are compared. The developed model can serve as a tool for the design of adaptive automation and supporting systems and can help to better understand workload dynamics of airport traffic controllers.
A Note on the Inverse Problem with LTB Universes
Creators: name: Yoo, Chul-Moon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inverse problem with Lemaître-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) universe models is discussed. The LTB solution for the Einstein equations describes the spherically symmetric dust-filled spacetime. The LTB solution has two physical functional degrees of freedom of the radial coordinate. The inverse problem is constructing an LTB model requiring that the LTB model be consistent with selected important observational data. In this paper, we assume that the observer is at the center and consider the distance-redshift relation $\da$ and the redshift-space mass density $μ$ as the selected important observational data. We give $\da$ and $μ$ as functions of the redshift $z$. Then, we explicitly show that, for general functional forms of $\da(z)$ and $μ(z)$, the regular solution does not necessarily exist in the whole redshift domain. We also show that the condition for the existence of the regular solution %in terms of $\da(z)$ and $μ(z)$ is satisfied by the distance-redshift relation and the redshift-space mass density in $Λ$CDM models. Deriving regular differential equations for the inverse problem with the distance-redshift relation and the redshift-space mass density in $Λ$CDM models, we numerically solve them for the case $(Ω_{\rm M0},Ω_{\Lambda0})=(0.3,0.7)$. A set of analytic fitting functions for the resultant LTB universe model is given. How to solve the inverse problem with the simultaneous big-bang and a given function $\da(z)$ for the distance-redshift relation is provided in the Appendix.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in PTP
Il dominio territoriale di Firenze in Guicciardini e Machiavelli. Alcune considerazioni
Creators: name: Vannini, Luca
Publisher: name: Annali di Storia di Firenze
Year: 2013

description: Il dominio territoriale fiorentino ha avuto in Guicciardini e Machiavelli alcuni dei suoi più illustri critici e teorizzatori. Quello che la più recente analisi storiografica ha cominciato ad indicare come ‘stato-contado’, trova nelle opere politiche maggiori dei due autori una trattazione per molti versi quasi antitetica: laddove Guicciardini sembra avallare la politica di dominio e di assoggettamento messa in atto attraverso il processo di espansione territoriale compiuto da Firenze a partire dalla metà del XIV secolo, Machiavelli cerca di prospettare un progetto politico alternativo, ispirato alla Roma liviana e alle coeve monarchie europee.
description: Annali di Storia di Firenze, Vol. 7 (2012)
Classifying A-field and B-field configurations in the presence of D-branes - Part II: Stacks of D-branes
Creators: name: Ruffino, Fabio Ferrari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the paper arXiv:0810.4291 we have shown, in the context of type II superstring theory, the classification of the allowed B-field and A-field configurations in the presence of anomaly-free D-branes, the mathematical framework being provided by the geometry of gerbes. Here we complete the discussion considering in detail the case of a stack of D-branes, carrying a non-abelian gauge theory, which was just sketched in the previous paper. In this case we have to mix the geometry of abelian gerbes, describing the B-field, with the one of higher-rank bundles, ordinary or twisted. We describe in detail the various cases that arise according to such a classification, as we did for a single D-brane, showing under which hypoteses the A-field turns out to be a connection on a canonical gauge bundle. We also generalize to the non-abelian setting the discussion about "gauge bundles with non integral Chern classes", relating them to twisted bundles with connection. Finally, we analyze the geometrical nature of the Wilson loop for each kind of gauge theory on a D-brane or stack of D-branes.
description: 29 pages
«In Firenze non si fe’ mai simile festa». A proposito del cassone di Apollonio di Giovanni con scena di giostra alla Yale University Art Gallery
Creators: name: Lurati, Patricia
Publisher: name: Annali di Storia di Firenze
Year: 2013

description: Il saggio propone d’identificare nell’immagine dipinta da Apollonio di Giovanni sul pannello di cassone conservato alla Yale University Art Gallery la raffigurazione dei festeggiamenti organizzati dalla città di Firenze nel 1459 per celebrare la visita a Firenze di Galeazzo Maria Sforza e di papa Pio II. L’iconografia che allude allo stretto rapporto di alleanza che univa il casato sforzesco e quello mediceo potrebbe essere stata commissionata in occasione delle nozze tra Beatrice di Giovanni Borromeo, il cui ramo familiare milanese aveva saldi legami con Francesco Sforza, e Giovanni di Antonio de’ Pazzi, discendente di uno dei più potenti lignaggi fiorentini gravitante nell’orbita medicea.
description: Annali di Storia di Firenze, Vol. 7 (2012)
D7.2 Midterm Recruitment Report
Creators: name: Staudinger, Susanne
name: Schlee, Winfried
name: Schoisswohl, Stefan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This document summarizes the current recruitment progress at half time of the UNITI Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT), which is conducted within the work package 7 of the proposal.Over the course of the UNITI-RCT a 12-week treatment trial for chronic tinnitus patients using 4 different types of interventions (hearing aids, sound therapy, structured counseling, cognitive behavioral therapy) either as a single treatment or a combination of two treatments is performed. The RCT is harmonized over five clinical centers across the EU and aims to investigate 500 tinnitus patients.
Atmospheric circulation of tidally locked exoplanets: a suite of benchmark tests for dynamical solvers
Creators: name: Heng, Kevin
name: Menou, Kristen
name: Phillipps, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complexity of atmospheric modelling and its inherent non-linearity, together with the limited amount of data of exoplanets available, motivate model intercomparisons and benchmark tests. In the geophysical community, the Held-Suarez test is a standard benchmark for comparing dynamical core simulations of the Earth's atmosphere with different solvers, based on statistically-averaged flow quantities. In the present study, we perform analogues of the Held-Suarez test for tidally-locked exoplanets with the GFDL-Princeton Flexible Modeling System (FMS) by subjecting both the spectral and finite difference dynamical cores to a suite of tests, including the standard benchmark for Earth, a hypothetical tidally-locked Earth, a "shallow" hot Jupiter model and a "deep" model of HD 209458b. We find qualitative and quantitative agreement between the solvers for the Earth, tidally-locked Earth and shallow hot Jupiter benchmarks, but the agreement is less than satisfactory for the deep model of HD 209458b. Further investigation reveals that closer agreement may be attained by arbitrarily adjusting the values of the horizontal dissipation parameters in the two solvers, but it remains the case that the magnitude of the horizontal dissipation is not easily specified from first principles. Irrespective of radiative transfer or chemical composition considerations, our study points to limitations in our ability to accurately model hot Jupiter atmospheres with meteorological solvers at the level of ten percent for the temperature field and several tens of percent for the velocity field. Direct wind measurements should thus be particularly constraining for the models. Our suite of benchmark tests also provides a reference point for researchers wishing to adapt their codes to study the atmospheric circulation regimes of tidally-locked Earths/Neptunes/Jupiters.
description: Accepted by MNRAS, 23 pages, 17 figures, 2 tables. No changes from previous version, except MNRAS wants no hyphen in the title. Sample movies of simulations are available at http://www.phys.ethz.ch/~kheng/fms/
Beyond the "Southwest Sensation:" A Resource-Based Strategic Analysis of Southwest Airlines' Competitive Advantage and its Implications
Creators: name: Kling, James A.
name: Smith, Ken A.
name: Kling, James A.
name: Smith, Ken A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 36th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Nov. 3-5, 1994, Daytona, Beach, FL
Random Time-Dependent Quantum Walks
Creators: name: Joye, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the discrete time unitary dynamics given by a quantum walk on the lattice $\Z^d$ performed by a quantum particle with internal degree of freedom, called coin state, according to the following iterated rule: a unitary update of the coin state takes place, followed by a shift on the lattice, conditioned on the coin state of the particle. We study the large time behavior of the quantum mechanical probability distribution of the position observable in $\Z^d$ when the sequence of unitary updates is given by an i.i.d. sequence of random matrices. When averaged over the randomness, this distribution is shown to display a drift proportional to the time and its centered counterpart is shown to display a diffusive behavior with a diffusion matrix we compute. A moderate deviation principle is also proven to hold for the averaged distribution and the limit of the suitably rescaled corresponding characteristic function is shown to satisfy a diffusion equation. A generalization to unitary updates distributed according to a Markov process is also provided. An example of i.i.d. random updates for which the analysis of the distribution can be performed without averaging is worked out. The distribution also displays a deterministic drift proportional to time and its centered counterpart gives rise to a random diffusion matrix whose law we compute. A large deviation principle is shown to hold for this example. We finally show that, in general, the expectation of the random diffusion matrix equals the diffusion matrix of the averaged distribution.
description: Typos and minor errors corrected. To appear In Communications in Mathematical Physics
Supersonic Downflows at the Umbra-Penumbra Boundary of Sunspots
Creators: name: Louis, Rohan E.
name: Rubio, Luis R. Bellot
name: Mathew, Shibu K.
name: Venkatakrishnan, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High resolution spectropolarimetric observations of 3 sunspots taken with Hinode demonstrate the existence of supersonic downflows at or close to the umbra-penumbra boundary which have not been reported before. These downflows are confined to large patches, usually encompassing bright penumbral filaments, and have lifetimes of more than 14 hr. The presence of strong downflows in the center-side penumbra near the umbra rules out an association with the Evershed flow. Chromospheric filtergrams acquired close to the time of the spectropolarimetric measurements show large, strong, and long-lived brightenings in the neighborhood of the downflows. The photospheric intensity also exhibit persistent brightenings comparable to the quiet Sun. Interestingly, the orientation of the penumbral filaments at the site of the downflows is similar to that resulting from the reconnection process described by Ryutova et al. The existence of such downflows in the inner penumbra represents a challenge for numerical models of sunspots because they have to explain them in terms of physical processes likely affecting the chromosphere.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
The (2+1)-dim Axial Universes -- Solutions to the Einstein Equations, Dimensional Reduction Points, and Klein-Fock-Gordon Waves
Creators: name: Fiziev, P. P.
name: Shirkov, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents a generalization and further development of our recent publications where solutions of the Klein-Fock-Gordon equation defined on a few particular $D=(2+1)$-dim static space-time manifolds were considered. The latter involve toy models of 2-dim spaces with axial symmetry, including dimension reduction to the 1-dim space as a singular limiting case. Here the non-static models of space geometry with axial symmetry are under consideration. To make these models closer to physical reality, we define a set of "admissible" shape functions $ρ(t,z)$ as the $(2+1)$-dim Einstein equations solutions in the vacuum space-time, in the presence of the $Λ$-term, and for the space-time filled with the standard "dust". It is curious that in the last case the Einstein equations reduce to the well-known Monge-Ampère equation, thus enabling one to obtain the general solution of the Cauchy problem, as well as a set of other specific solutions involving one arbitrary function. A few explicit solutions of the Klein-Fock-Gordon equation in this set are given. An interesting qualitative feature of these solutions relates to the dimension reduction points, their classification, and time behavior. In particular, these new entities could provide us with novel insight into the nature of P- and T-violation, and of Big Bang. A short comparison with other attempts to utilize dimensional reduction of the space-time is given.
description: Journal version, 12 pages, LaTeX file, no figures, typos corrected, new references added. In the title and in the text the term "Klein-Gordon equation (KGEq)" is replaced by the more precise term "Klein-Fock-Gordon equation (KFGEq)"
Classical first-order logic
Creators: Katalin Bimbó
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2020

The first sequent calculus, LK is the example after which many other calculi have been fashioned. We describe this calculus, prove its equivalence to the axiom system K, and provide a sound and complete interpretation too. A major part of Section 2.3 is a presentation of the proof of the cut theorem using triple induction. We avoid the detour via the mix rule by using a suitable formulation of the single cut rule, by adding a new parameter to the induction, and by defining anew the rank of a cut. Although we do not go through all the details of this proof, we hope that sufficiently many cases are included so that the structure of the proof becomes completely clear. Later on, we will provide more condensed proofs of cut theorems or simply state cut theorems with reference to this proof, possibly, with modifications.
Are recommendations of individually oriented lifestyle interventions based on evidence that benefits outweigh harms, and are opportunity costs considered?
Creators: name: Albarqouni, Loai
name: Ringsten, Martin
name: Jørgensen, Karsten
name: Montori, Victor
name: Bulbeck, Helen
name: Johansson, Minna
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: A review of NICE guidelines
«Se non piace loro l’arte, mutinla in una altra». I «lavoranti» dell’Arte della lana fiorentina tra XIV e XVI secolo
Creators: name: Ammannati, Francesco
Publisher: name: Annali di Storia di Firenze
Year: 2013

description: Questo studio è dedicato alla manifattura laniera fiorentina e intende focalizzarsi sulle fasi preliminari del processo produttivo, svolte direttamente sulla massa di lana grezza che accedeva alla bottega in vista della filatura. Chi erano i lavoratori che svolgevano queste operazioni? Che tipo di rapporto intrattenevano col resto delle maestranze e la proprietà del lanificio? Si può parlare di un’evoluzione di questo rapporto tra basso medioevo e età moderna? Lo studio dei registri contabili di alcuni opifici lanieri toscani attivi tra XIV e XVI secolo ha permesso di individuare un sostanziale cambiamento nella gestione del personale: è emersa con frequenza sempre maggiore la tendenza delle botteghe a entrare in contatto esclusivamente con «fattori» che si occupavano della distribuzione del lavoro e dei relativi compensi ai singoli «lavoranti». Il fatto che i questi fossero del tutto ignoti alle compagnie, in combinazione con la scarsa specializzazione richiesta dalle mansioni, spiega l’erosione della loro capacità contrattuale che permetteva ai lanifici di comprimere o ampliare il numero degli occupati a seconda della congiuntura economica.
description: Annali di Storia di Firenze, Vol. 7 (2012)
AS A KEY FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVE PEDAGOGICAL ACTIVITY
Creators: name: Tokhirov, Farrukh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The article examines creative pedagogical activity as a heuristic component of personality development, the stages of its formation, criteria for pedagogical creativity, spheres of creative activity of a teacher, self-education and self-realization of a teacher.
Hyperbolic Inflation
Creators: name: Kim, Yoonbai
name: Park, Seong Chan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a natural scenario for the cosmological inflation with the non-minimal coupling term invoking compact hyperbolic extra dimensions. Thanks to the unique mathematical properties of compact hyperbolic space, the large volume of extra dimensions, which provides a natural understanding of the proper size of couplings, does not necessarily accompany with the low Kaluza-Klein scale so that the model allows a single field inflation with a scale around $10^{13}$ GeV. The model fulfills all the observed data and predicts a sizable gravitational perturbation, r~0.003.
description: 5 pages
Sheltering the housing crisis : the contradictions of shelters in the neoliberal city
Creators: name: Brown, Lauren Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Homelessness policies in the U.S. from the federal level to local level have consistently failed to end homelessness, and instead have played a key role managing and perpetuating crisis. This research delves into the normalization of shelters as a spatial and policy fix by exploring the decentralization of one shelter system in Salt Lake County, Utah. Engaging a grounded theory approach, this inquiry uses archival research, participant observation, and interviews to offer a multi-scalar analysis, considering both the perspectives of those who are negotiating the shelter system, and the policymakers and service providers responsible for creating it. With stated goals of displacement, dispersal, and containment, Utah’s processes and practices have a clear impact on the wellbeing of people without housing, effectively isolating and excluding them from urban space and resources, and further displacing an already displaced population. Utah’s efforts are a striking example of the historical failure of shelter and homelessness policy to create equitable outcomes that address the systemic causes of housing insecurity. There are broader implications in revealing the ways in which urban governments are managing the presence of people experiencing homelessness and the resultant stigmatization and criminalization of poverty.
Spin relaxation mechanism in Silver nanowires covered with MgO protection layer
Creators: name: Idzuchi, H.
name: Fukuma, Y.
name: Wang, L.
name: Otani, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-flip mechanism in Ag nanowires with MgO surface protection layers has been investigated by means of nonlocal spin valve measurements using Permalloy/Ag lateral spin valves. The spin flip events mediated by surface scattering are effectively suppressed by the MgO capping layer. The spin relaxation process was found to be well described in the framework of Elliott-Yafet mechanism and then the probabilities of spin-filp scattering for phonon or impurity mediated momentum scattering is precisely determined in the nanowires. The temperature dependent spin-lattice relaxation follows the Bloch-Grüneisen theory and falls on to a universal curve for the monovalent metals as in the Monod and Beuneu scaling determined from the conduction electron spin resonance data for bulk.
description: 18 pages, 3figures
title: The thermal monitoring and management of lithium-ion batteries
Creators: name: Alcock, Keith
Publisher: name: Edinburgh Napier University
Year: 2023

description: Battery Thermal Management Systems (BTMSs) are critical for the safe operation of Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs), especially in high-use applications such as electric vehicles (EVs). BTMSs are generally in charge of two major functions: monitoring battery temperature and managing temperature gradients caused by battery pack activity. The measuring of a LIB's temperature is essential for the successful deployment of battery packs. Furthermore, because degradation mechanisms are closely connected to battery temperature, the temperature gradient caused by battery discharge must be minimised as much as possible.

This thesis presents an experimental investigation of two battery thermal management fields: (i) testing of a novel temperature measurement method for individual cell-level monitoring of the LIB using Fibre Optic Sensors (FOS) and (ii) copper plated foam composite materials for passive LIB thermal management.

The first section of this thesis concentrates on the implementation of a FOS system on a single-cell and a three-cell parallel battery pack utilising Fibre Bragg Gratings (FBGs). In laboratory experiments, temperature measurements of a single-cell LIB and three-cell parallel battery pack are obtained by adopting a novel mounting method for the FOS, which is confirmed by comparison to standard thermocouple and platinum resistance sensing approaches. Cell-level temperature monitoring is achieved with an average error of 0.97 °C, 1.33 °C, and 1.27 °C for cells three different cells respectively, which is comparable with conventional thermocouple and platinum resistance sensing approaches.

The second section of this thesis demonstrates, experimentally, a novel use for copper plating of polyurethane foam substrates for passive battery thermal management. To capture heat generated by the cell, Phase Change Material (PCM) foam composites are used. A variety of experiments are carried out on various copper deposition quantities. The plated copper foam resulted in an average cell surface temperature reduction of 63.23%, which is comparable to the commercial alternative of 65.44% in the best scenario. This is crucial since the weight of the foam skeletons differs substantially in this scenario, with 91.47% less mass. It is demonstrated that copper plating can mimic the characteristics of solid commercially available foams, leading to a substantial reduction of copper material, lowering the total cost implication.
Income and Price Elasticities in Air Travel: A Case Study of Air Canada
Creators: name: Hochstein, Alan
name: Aviation MBA Students (Class Of 1994)
name: Hochstein, Alan
name: Aviation MBA Students (Class Of 1994)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 36th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Nov. 3-5, 1994, Daytona, Beach, FL
Equations of State in the Brans-Dicke cosmology
Creators: name: Lee, Hyung Won
name: Kim, Kyoung Yee
name: Myung, Yun Soo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Brans-Dicke (BD) theory with the potential as cosmological model to explain the present accelerating universe. In this work, we consider the BD field as a perfect fluid with the energy density and pressure in the Jordan frame. Introducing the power-law potential and the interaction with the cold dark matter, we obtain the phantom divide which is confirmed by the native and effective equation of state. Also we can describe the metric $f(R)$ gravity with an appropriate potential, which shows a future crossing of phantom divide in viable $f(R)$ gravity models when employing the native and effective equations of state.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
Bibliografia 2008
Creators: name: Contessa, Maria Pia
Publisher: name: Annali di Storia di Firenze
Year: 2011

description: La presente bibliografia fornisce, per l'anno 2008, un elenco ordinato alfabeticamente per autore dei volumi, dei saggi in opere collettanee e degli articoli su riviste attinenti la storia fiorentina. Tale materiale, ugualmente suddiviso in tre sezioni, è disponibile anche nel portale «Storia di Firenze» nella sezione «Bibliografia»(htpp://www.storiadifirenze.org).
description: Annali di Storia di Firenze, Vol. 6 (2011)
Wave functions and decay constants of $B$ and $D$ mesons in the relativistic potential model
Creators: name: Yang, Mao-Zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the decay constants of $D$ and $D_s$ mesons measured in experiment recently, we revisit the study of the bound states of quark and antiquark in $B$ and $D$ mesons in the relativistic potential model. The relativistic bound state wave equation is solved numerically. The masses, decay constants and wave functions of $B$ and $D$ mesons are obtained. Both the masses and decay constants obtained here can be consistent with the experimental data. The wave functions can be used in the study of $B$ and $D$ meson decays.
description: more discussion added, to appear in EPJC
Rescuing the Born Rule for Quantum Cosmology
Creators: name: Cooperman, Joshua H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Page has recently argued that the Born rule does not suffice for computing all probabilities in quantum cosmology. He further asserts that the Born rule's failure gives rise to the cosmological measure problem. Here I contend that Page's result stems from his use of an overly restrictive definition of the Born rule. In particular, I demonstrate that all of the probabilities he wishes to compute follow from the Born rule when generalized measurements are permitted. I also register two comments on Page's theoretical setting, relating respectively to Hilbert space dimensionality and permutation symmetry. These considerations lead me to conclude that the claimed insufficiency of the Born rule is by no means specific to the cosmological context.
description: 24 pages; reflects published version
title: Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion bei einem dislozierten kognitiven Assistenzsystem zur Flugführung unter Zertifizierungsbedingungen
Creators: name: Wohler, Marcus
name: Schulte, Axel
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications Online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2015

description: Bei der Entwicklung von Konzepten zur Führung unbemannter Luftfahrzeuge ist es bedeutsam, auch bei Verlust der drahtlosen Datenverbindung zwischen Boden- und Luftsegment den Missionserfolg bestmöglich sicherzustellen, und im Sinne der Sicherheit technischer Systeme einen Verlust des Luftfahr-zeugs zu vermeiden. Durch Integration eines Assistenzsystems nach dem Ansatz der kognitiven Automation an Bord des Luftfahrzeuges soll die Robustheit des Gesamtsystems gesteigert werden. Hierzu werden die notwendigen Interaktionen zwischen Mensch und Automation analysiert und Anforderungen für erfolgreiche Teamarbeit bei dislozierten Teammitgliedern werden dargelegt. Eine Mensch-Agent-Schnittstelle als technisches Kommunikationsmittel wird eingeführt. Abschließend werden Überlegungen zur Zertifizierbarkeit des vorgestellten Systems erörtert.