cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chiral Multiplets of Hadron Currents
Creators: name: Cohen, Thomas D.
name: Ji, Xiangdong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using group theoretical methods, we enumerate possible chiral representations in which hadron interpolating currents can be classified. We give simple examples of currents in each representation, some of which are well known. The classification enables one to find relations among current vacuum correlators in a chirally and/or axial U(1) symmetric phase of QCD in a straightforward way. Besides recovering many well-known relations among two-point correlation functions, a number of novel relations are found.
description: 14 pages, latex, no figures
Additional file 3: of Curcumin overcome primary gefitinib resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer cells through inducing autophagy-related cell death
Creators: name: Chen, Ping
name: Huang, Han-Peng
name: Wang, Yi
name: Jin, Jun
name: Long, Wei-Guo
name: Chen, Kan
name: Zhao, Xiao-Hui
name: Chen, Chen-Guo
name: Li, Jian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S1. (a) H157, (b) H1299 and (c) PC9 cells were treated with indicated drug combination. The combination index (CI) values for the drugs were calculated according to the Chou-Talalay’s method. (d) The knockdowns of Sp1, Sp3, Beclin-1 and ATG7 were verified by immunoblotting. (e) The colony formation was determined in H157, H1299 and PC9 cells after treatment with indicated drugs. (* p <0.05 and ***p <0.001). Figure S2. Quantitative analysis of p-EGFR and EGFR proteins in three NSCLC cell lines after treatment with indicated drugs. Figure S3. (a-c) The expressions of various proteins indicated in H157 and H1299 cells after treatment with drugs indicated. (d) EGFR mRNA expression in H157 and H1299 cells before and after transfection with or without siSp1 or Pcmv6-Sp1. Figure S4. Quantitative analysis of proteins indicated in H157 and H1299 cell lines after treatment with indicated drugs. Figure S5. Quantitative analysis of proteins indicated in H157 and H1299 cell lines after treatment with different drugs. Figure S6. Quantitative analysis of proteins indicated in H157 and H1299 cells after treatment with indicated drugs, or transfection with indicated siRNAs. Figure S7. After transfection with control plasmids or pCMV6-Sp1 plasmids, H157 cells were treated with indicated drugs, then (a) expressions of proteins indicated, (b) sub G1 populations, and (c) cell viability were analyzed using the methods described in Materials and Methods. (d) The colony formations were determined in H157 and H1299 cells after treatment with indicated drugs (** P <0.01 and ***P <0.001). Figure S8. Quantitative analysis of proteins indicated in H157 or H1299 cells. Figure S9. (a and b) The caspase-3/7 activities were quantified in H157 and H1299 cells after treatment with indicated drugs, and (c and d) following transfection with siBeclin-1, or siATG7 or siControl. (PDF 1210 kb)
Generic features of the fluctuation dissipation relation in coarsening systems
Creators: name: Corberi, Federico
name: Castellano, Claudio
name: Lippiello, Eugenio
name: Zannetti, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The integrated response function in phase-ordering systems with scalar, vector, conserved and non conserved order parameter is studied at various space dimensionalities. Assuming scaling of the aging contribution $χ_{ag} (t,t_w)= t_w ^{-a_χ} \hat χ(t/t_w)$ we obtain, by numerical simulations and analytical arguments, the phenomenological formula describing the dimensionality dependence of $a_χ$ in all cases considered. The primary result is that $a_χ$ vanishes continuously as $d$ approaches the lower critical dimensionality $d_L$. This implies that i) the existence of a non trivial fluctuation dissipation relation and ii) the failure of the connection between statics and dynamics are generic features of phase ordering at $d_L$.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
The Effect of Cholesterol on Short- and Long-Chain Monounsaturated Lipid Bilayers as Determined by Molecular Dynamics Simulations and X-Ray Scattering
Creators: name: Kucerka, Norbert
name: Perlmutter, Jason D.
name: Jianjun  Pan
name: Tristram-Nagle, Stephanie
name: Katsaras, John
name: Sachs, Jonathan N.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the structure of cholesterol-containing membranes composed of either short-chain (diC14:1PC) or long-chain (diC22:1PC) monounsaturated phospholipids. Bilayer structural information is derived from all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, which are validated via direct comparison to x-ray scattering experiments. We show that the addition of 40mol % cholesterol results in a nearly identical increase in the thickness of the two different bilayers. In both cases, the chain ordering dominates over the hydrophobic matching between the length of the cholesterol molecule and the hydrocarbon thickness of the bilayer, which one would expect to cause a thinning of the diC22:1PC bilayer. For both bilayers there is substantial headgroup rearrangement for lipids directly in contact with cholesterol, supporting the so-called umbrella model. Importantly, in diC14:1PC bilayers, a dynamic network of hydrogen bonds stabilizes long-lived reorientations of some cholesterol molecules, during which they are found to lie perpendicular to the bilayer normal, deep within the bilayer’s hydrophobic core. Additionally, the simulations show that the diC14:1PC bilayer is significantly more permeable to water. These differences may be correlated with faster cholesterol flip-flop between the leaflets of short-chain lipid bilayers, resulting in an asymmetric distribution of cholesterol molecules. This asymmetry was observed experimentally in a case of unilamellar vesicles (ULVs), and reproduced through a set of novel asymmetric simulations. In contrast to ULVs, experimental data for oriented multilamellar stacks does not show the asymmetry, suggesting that it results from the curvature of the ULV bilayers.
Sigma Decay at Finite Temperature and Density
Creators: name: Zhuang, P.
name: Yang, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sigma decay and its relation with chiral phase transition are discussed at finite temperature and density in the framework of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. The decay rate for the process sigma -> 2 pions to first order in a 1/N_c expansion is calculated as a function of temperature T and baryon density n_b. In particular, only when the chiral phase transition happens around the tricritical point, the sigma decay results in a non-thermal enhancement of pions in the final state distributions in relativistic heavy ion collisions.
description: 6 pages, 3 Postscript figures, submitted to Chin. Phys. Lett
Development and optimization of UV filtering and UV selective PV devices
Creators: name: Vermang, Bart
name: Brammertz, Guy
name: Lopez-Garcia, Alex
name: Saucedo, Edgardo
name: Izquierdo-Roca, Victor
name: Santilli, Paola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: transparent photovoltaics, ultraviolet-selective solar cells, UV multifunctional coatings

description: Presented (oral presentation) at the Virtual Workshop on Transparent PV: Challenges and Opportunities that was co-organised on June 11th 2021 by the Impressive and Tech4Win European projects. The presentation reviewed the main results achieved in Tech4Win (at June 2021) on the development of inorganic UV multifunctional coatings combining UV filtering and PV functionalities
Additional file 7 of Analyses of energy metabolism and stress defence provide insights into Campylobacter concisus growth and pathogenicity
Creators: name: Yeow, Melissa
name: Liu, Fang
name: Ma, Rena
name: Williams, Timothy
name: Riordan, Stephen
name: Zhang, Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 7: Table S7. Query genes and proteins from C. jejuni subsp. jejuni NCTC 11168, E. coli strain K-12 MG1655, and C. jejuni subsp. jejuni strain 81116 used to identify genes and proteins for amino acid use in C. concisus.
G-Deformations of maps into projective space
Creators: name: Pember, Mason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A20, 53A40, 53B25

description: $G$-deformability of maps into projective space is characterised by the existence of certain Lie algebra valued 1-forms. This characterisation gives a unified way to obtain well known results regarding deformability in different geometries.
description: 16 pages. Peer reviewed version
Winds from accretion disks driven by the radiation and magnetocentrifugal force
Creators: name: Proga, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the 2-D, time-dependent hydrodynamics of radiation-driven winds from luminous accretion disks threaded by a strong, large-scale, ordered magnetic field. The radiation force is due to spectral lines and is calculated using a generalized multidimensional formulation of the Sobolev approximation. The effects of the magnetic field are approximated by adding a force that emulates a magnetocentrifugal force. Our approach allows us to calculate disk winds when the magnetic field controls the flow geometry, forces the flow to corotate with the disk, or both. In particular, we calculate models where the lines of the poloidal component of the field are straight and inclined to the disk at a fixed angle. Our numerical calculations show that flows which corotate with the disk have a larger mass loss rate than their counterparts which conserve specific angular momentum. The difference in the mass loss rate between these two types of winds can be several orders of magnitude for low disk luminosities but vanishes for high disk luminosities. Winds which corotate with the disk have much higher velocities than angular momentum conserving winds. Fixing the wind geometry stabilizes winds which are unsteady when the geometry is derived self-consistently. The inclination angle between the poloidal velocity and the normal to the disk midplane is important. Non-zero inclination angles allow the magnetocentrifugal force to increase the mass loss rate for low luminosities, and increase the wind velocity for all luminosities. Our calculations also show that the radiation force can launch winds from magnetized disks. The line force can be essential in producing MHD winds from disks where the thermal energy is too low to launch winds or where the field lines make an angle of < 30^o with respect to the normal to the disk.
description: LaTeX, 11 pages, 6 color postscript or PJEG files, to appear in ApJ
Разработка экспертной системы ранней диагностики заболеваний: программные средства первичной обработки и выявление зависимостей
Creators: name: Серобабов Александр Сергеевич
name: Чебаненко Евгений Владимирович
name: Денисова Людмила Альбертовна
name: Кролевец Татьяна Сергеевна
Publisher: name: Омский научный вестник
Year: 2018
Subjects: ОПИСАТЕЛЬНАЯ СТАТИСТИКА
DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
ЭКСПЕРТНАЯ СИСТЕМА
EXPERT SYSTEM
РАННЯЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА
EARLY DIAGNOSIS
МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ
КОРРЕЛЯЦИОННЫЙ АНАЛИЗ
CORRELATION ANALYSIS
NON-ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE

description: Рассмотрены инструментальные средства описательной статистики для обработки биомедицинской информации данных клинических исследований болезней печени. Разработана структура программного комплекса первичной обработки данных, характеризующих состояние пациентов, включая результаты лабораторных исследований, информацию о сопутствующих заболеваниях, а также о физиологических параметрах пациентов. Получена карта взаимосвязей результатов исследования состояния пациентов, позволяющая выявлять зависимости между показателями болезней печени для разработки экспертной системы ранней диагностики заболеваний.
The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: baryon acoustic oscillations in the Data Release 9 spectroscopic galaxy sample
Creators: name: Gunn, James E.
name: Ho, Shirley Chan Wan
name: Lupton, Robert H.
name: Mandelbaum, Rachel
name: Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of galaxy clustering from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS), which is part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS-III). These use the Data Release 9 (DR9) CMASS sample, which contains 264 283 massive galaxies covering 3275 square degrees with an effective redshift z = 0.57 and redshift range 0.43 < z < 0.7. Assuming a concordance CDM cosmological model, this sample covers an effective volume of 2.2 Gpc3, and represents the largest sample of the Universe ever surveyed at this density, n¯ ≈ 3 × 10−4 h−3 Mpc3 . We measure the angle-averaged galaxy correlation function and power spectrum, including density-field reconstruction of the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) feature. The acoustic features are detected at a significance of 5σ in both the correlation function and power spectrum. Combining with the SDSS-II luminous red galaxy sample, the detection significance increases to 6.7σ. Fitting for the position of the acoustic features measures the distance to z = 0.57 relative to the sound horizon DV/rs = 13.67 ± 0.22 at z = 0.57. Assuming a fiducial sound horizon of 153.19 Mpc, which matches cosmic microwave background constraints, this corresponds to a distance DV (z = 0.57) = 2094 ± 34 Mpc. At 1.7 per cent, this is the most precise distance constraint ever obtained from a galaxy survey. We place this result alongside previous BAO measurements in a cosmological distance ladder and find excellent agreement with the current supernova measurements. We use these distance measurements to constrain various cosmological models, finding continuing support for a flat Universe with a cosmological constant.
An Exploration of Below Threshold $Z'$ Mass and Coupling Determinations at the NLC
Creators: name: Rizzo, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine of the capability of the Next Linear Collider to determine the mass as well as the couplings to leptons and $b$-quarks of a new neutral gauge boson, $Z'$, below direct production threshold. By using simulated data collected at several different values of $\sqrt s$, we demonstrate how this can be done in a model-independent manner via an anonymously case approach. The importance of beam polarization to the success of this program is discussed. The procedure is shown to be easily extended to the case of top and charm quark couplings.
description: 22 pages, 8 figs
Additional file 8 of Analyses of energy metabolism and stress defence provide insights into Campylobacter concisus growth and pathogenicity
Creators: name: Yeow, Melissa
name: Liu, Fang
name: Ma, Rena
name: Williams, Timothy
name: Riordan, Stephen
name: Zhang, Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 8: Table S8. NCBI locus tags for genes involved in oxidative stress.
Theory of Superconductivity in Strongly Correlated Electron Systems
Creators: name: Chern, Chyh-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the correlated electron system with the pseudogap, there are full-gapped domains and Fermi-arced domains coexisting. Those domains are created by the quantum-fluctuated antiferromagnetic fluctuations that generate the short-ranged attractive potential to produce the Fermi arcs and the superconductivity. In the full-gapped domains, s-wave or (d_{x^2-y^2}\pm id_{xy})-wave symmetry of the electron pairs is favored. In the Fermi-arced domains, only d_{x^2-y^2}-wave symmetry of pairs is stable. Superconductivity of different pairing symmetry coexists in different domains, as well. Different from the Cooper pairs, the correlated electrons pair up in the \emph{real} space with an energy gap. Gapless states, on the contrary, hinder the development of superconductivity.
description: published, proofread version
Inverted current-driven switching in Fe(Cr)/Cr/Fe(Cr) nanopillars
Creators: name: AlHajDarwish, M.
name: Fert, A.
name: Pratt, W. P.
name: Bass, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From both theory and experiment, scattering of minority electrons is expected to be weaker than scattering of majority electrons in both dilute Fe(Cr) alloys and at Fe(Cr)/Cr interfaces. We show that Fe(Cr)/Cr/Fe(Cr) trilayer nanopillars display a normal magnetoresistance--i.e., largest resistance at low magnetic fields and smallest at high fields, but an inverted current-driven switching--i.e., positive current flowing from the fixed to the reversing layer switches the trilayer from higher to lower resistance, and negative current switches it from lower to higher.
description: 3 pages, 3 figs., accepted for J. Magn. Magn. Mat., MMM/Intermag Conf. 2004
Boundary Effects in Super-Yang-Mills Theory
Creators: name: Shah, Mushtaq B
name: Faizal, Mir
name: Ganai, Prince A
name: Zaz, Zaid
name: Bhat, Anha
name: Masood, Syed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we shall analyse a three dimensional supersymmetry theory with $\mathcal{N} = 2$. The effective Lagrangian will be given by the sum of the gauge fixing term and the ghost term with the original classical Lagrangian. In presence of a boundary the supersymmetry of this Lagrangian will be broken. However, it will be possible to preserve half the supersymmetry even in presence of a boundary. This will be done by adding a boundary Lagrangian to the effective bulk Lagrangian. The supersymmetric transformation of this new boundary Lagrangian will exactly cancel the boundary term generated from the supersymmetric transformation of the effective bulk Lagrangian. We will obtain the Slavnov-Taylor Identity for this theory.
description: 16 pages, Accepted in EPJC
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: cosmological parameters from three seasons of data
Creators: name: Sievers, Jonathan L.
name: Hlozek, Renee A.
name: Nolta, Michael R.
name: Battaglia, Nicholas
name: Trac, Hy
name: ACT Collaboration
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present constraints on cosmological and astrophysical parameters from high-resolution microwave background maps at 148 GHz and 218 GHz made by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) in three seasons of observations from 2008 to 2010. A model of primary cosmological and secondary foreground parameters is fit to the map power spectra and lensing deflection power spectrum, including contributions from both the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) effect and the kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich (kSZ) effect, Poisson and correlated anisotropy from unresolved infrared sources, radio sources, and the correlation between the tSZ effect and infrared sources. The power ℓ2Cℓ/2π of the thermal SZ power spectrum at 148 GHz is measured to be3.4±1.4 μK2 at ℓ = 3000, while the corresponding amplitude of the kinematic SZ power spectrum has a 95% confidence level upper limit of 8.6 μK2. Combining ACT power spectra with the WMAP 7-year temperature and polarization power spectra, we find excellent consistency with the LCDM model. We constrain the number of effective relativistic degrees of freedom in the early universe to be Neff = 2.79±0.56, in agreement with the canonical value of Neff = 3.046 for three massless neutrinos. We constrain the sum of the neutrino masses to be Σmν < 0.39 eV at 95% confidence when combining ACT and WMAP 7-year data with BAO and Hubble constant measurements. We constrain the amount of primordial helium to be Yp = 0.225±0.034, and measure no variation in the fine structure constant α since recombination, withα/α0 = 1.004±0.005. We also find no evidence for any running of the scalar spectral index, dns/dln k = −0.004±0.012.
HEPCloud, a New Paradigm for HEP Facilities: CMS Amazon Web Services Investigation
Creators: name: Holzman, Burt
name: Bauerdick, Lothar A. T.
name: Bockelman, Brian
name: Dykstra, Dave
name: Fisk, Ian
name: Fuess, Stuart
name: Garzoglio, Gabriele
name: Girone, Maria
name: Gutsche, Oliver
name: Hufnagel, Dirk
name: Kim, Hyunwoo
name: Kennedy, Robert
name: Magini, Nicolo
name: Mason, David
name: Spentzouris, Panagiotis
name: Tiradani, Anthony
name: Timm, Steve
name: Vaandering, Eric W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Historically, high energy physics computing has been performed on large purpose-built computing systems. These began as single-site compute facilities, but have evolved into the distributed computing grids used today. Recently, there has been an exponential increase in the capacity and capability of commercial clouds. Cloud resources are highly virtualized and intended to be able to be flexibly deployed for a variety of computing tasks. There is a growing nterest among the cloud providers to demonstrate the capability to perform large-scale scientific computing. In this paper, we discuss results from the CMS experiment using the Fermilab HEPCloud facility, which utilized both local Fermilab resources and virtual machines in the Amazon Web Services Elastic Compute Cloud. We discuss the planning, technical challenges, and lessons learned involved in performing physics workflows on a large-scale set of virtualized resources. In addition, we will discuss the economics and operational efficiencies when executing workflows both in the cloud and on dedicated resources.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Templates for the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Angular Power Spectrum
Creators: name: Trac, Hy
name: Bode, Paul
name: Ostriker, Jeremiah P.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present templates for the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) angular power spectrum based on four models for the nonlinear gas distribution. The frequency-dependent SZ temperature fluctuations, with thermal (TSZ) and kinetic (KSZ) contributions, are calculated by tracing through a dark matter simulation, processed to include gas in dark matter halos and in the filamentary intergalactic medium. Different halo gas models are compared to study how star formation, energetic feedback, and nonthermal pressure support influence the angular power spectrum. The standard model has been calibrated to reproduce the stellar and gas fractions and X-ray scaling relations measured from low-redshift clusters and groups. The other models illustrate the current theoretical and empirical uncertainties relating to properties of the intracluster medium. Relative to the standard model, their angular power spectra differ by approximately ±50% (TSZ), ±20% (KSZ), and ±40% (SZ at 148 GHz) for l = 3000, σ8 = 0.8, and homogeneous reionization at z = 10. The angular power spectrum decreases in amplitude as gas mass and binding energy are removed through star formation, and as gas is pushed out to larger radii by energetic feedback. With nonthermal pressure support, less pressure is required to maintain hydrostatic equilibrium, thus reducing the thermal contribution to the SZ power. We also calculate the SZ templates as a function of σ8 and quantify this dependence. Assuming Cl ∝ (σ8/0.8)α, the effective scaling index ranges from 7 αTSZ 9, 4.5 αKSZ 5.5, and 6.5 αSZ (148 GHz) 8 at l = 3000 for 0.6 < σ8 < 1. The template spectra are publicly available and can be used when fitting for the SZ contribution to the cosmic microwave background on arcminute scales.
An Analytic Solution of Hydrodynamic Equations with Source Terms in Heavy Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Zhuang, Pengfei
name: Yang, Zhenwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy and baryon densities in heavy ion collisions are estimated by analytically solving a 1+1 dimensional hydrodynamical model with source terms. Particularly, a competition between the energy and baryon sources and the expansion of the system is discussed in detail.
description: LaTeX2e, 7 pages, 4 postscript figures, submitted to Int. J. Mod. Phys. A
Physics in Ultra-strong Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Duncan, Robert C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In magnetic fields stronger than B_Q = 4.4 X 10^13 Gauss, an electron's Landau excitation energy exceeds its rest energy. I review the physics of this strange regime and some of its implications for the crusts and magneto- spheres of neutron stars. In particular, I describe how ultra-strong fields >> render the vacuum birefringent and capable of distorting and magnifying images ("magnetic lensing"); >> change the self-energy of electrons: as B increases they are first slightly lighter than $m_e$, then slightly heavier; >> cause photons to rapidly split and merge with each other; >> distort atoms into long, thin cylinders and molecules into strong, polymer-like chains; >> enhance the pair density in thermal pair-photon gases; >> strongly suppress photon-electron scattering, and >> drive the vacuum itself unstable, at extremely large B. In a concluding section, I discuss recent observations of the spindown histories of soft gamma repeaters and anomalous X-ray pulsars. The magnetar model gives a promising framework for understanding these data.
description: Review talk given at Fifth Huntsville Gamma-Ray Burst Symposium. 12 pages with 5 eps figures
Temperature-dependence of Epitaxial Graphene Formation on SiC(0001)
Creators: name: Luxmi
name: Nie, Shu
name: P. J. Fisher
name: Feenstra, Randall
name: Gu, Gong
name: Yugang  Sun
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of epitaxial graphene on SiC(0001) surfaces is studied using atomic force microscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, electron diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and electrical measurements. Starting from hydrogen-annealed surfaces, graphene formation by vacuum annealing is observed to begin at about 1150°C, with the overall step-terrace arrangement of the surface being preserved but with significant roughness (pit formation) on the terraces. At higher temperatures near 1250°C the step morphology changes, with the terraces becoming more compact. At 1350°C and above, the surface morphology changes into relatively large flat terraces separated by step bunches. Features believed to arise from grain boundaries in the graphene are resolved on the terraces, as are fainter features attributed to atoms at the buried graphene/SiC interface.
Additional file 9 of Analyses of energy metabolism and stress defence provide insights into Campylobacter concisus growth and pathogenicity
Creators: name: Yeow, Melissa
name: Liu, Fang
name: Ma, Rena
name: Williams, Timothy
name: Riordan, Stephen
name: Zhang, Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 9: Table S9. Query genes and proteins from C. jejuni subsp. jejuni NCTC 11168 that were used to identify genes and proteins for oxidative and nitrosative stress defence in C. concisus.
Bacterial diversity in phosphorus immobilization of the South China Sea
Creators: name: Qin, Min
name: Wang, Xiaotian
name: Jiang, Li
name: Wu, Nan
name: Zhou, Weizhi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Marine bacteria play indispensable roles in the phosphorus (P) cycle, primarily responsible for P assimilation and remineralization. The aim of this study was to determine diversity of marine aerobic bacteria from the South China Sea capable of P immobilization. Highly efficient P immobilized genera reached 87.72% of all genera, which were mainly distributed in epipelagic seawater zone and semi-deep sediment zone. Accumulated P in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) accounted for about 70% of immobilized P of representative bacteria. The sum of bioavailable P (non-apatite inorganic phosphorus, organic phosphorus) amounted to more than 90% of total P in representative bacteria, and orthophosphate monoester was identified as the only extracellular P species. Marine bacteria which participated in P cycle were general, not specific genus. EPS of marine bacteria played an important role in P immobilization, and accumulated P species were bioavailable. Our results may provide a better insight for understanding roles of marine bacteria in P cycle.
Temperature Dependence of Structure, Bending Rigidity, and Bilayer Interactions of Dioleoylphosphatidylcholine Bilayers
Creators: name: Jianjun  Pan
name: Tristram-Nagle, Stephanie
name: Kucerka, Norbert
name: Nagle, John F.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray diffuse scattering was measured from oriented stacks and unilamellar vesicles of dioleoylphosphatidylcholine lipid bilayers to obtain the temperature dependence of the structure and of the material properties. The area/molecule, A, was 75.5Å2 at 45°C, 72.4Å2 at 30°C, and 69.1Å2 at 15°C, which gives the area expansivity αA=0.0029/deg at 30°C, and we show that this value is in excellent agreement with the polymer brush theory. The bilayer becomes thinner with increasing temperature; the contractivity of the hydrocarbon portion was αDc=0.0019/deg; the difference between αA and αDc is consistent with the previously measured volume expansivity αVc=0.0010/deg. The bending modulus KC decreased as exp(455/T) with increasing T (K). Our area compressibility modulus KA decreased with increasing temperature by 5%, the same as the surface tension of dodecane/water, in agreement again with the polymer brush theory. Regarding interactions between bilayers, the compression modulus B as a function of interbilayer water spacing D′W was found to be nearly independent of temperature. The repulsive fluctuation pressure calculated from B and KC increased with temperature, and the Hamaker parameter for the van der Waals interaction was nearly independent of temperature; this explains why the fully hydrated water spacing, D′W, that we obtain from our structural results increases with temperature.
Density Effect on Hadronization of a Quark Plasma
Creators: name: Zhuang, P.
name: Huang, M.
name: Yang, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hadronization cross section in a quark plasma at finite temperature and density is calculated in the framework of Nambu--Jona-lasinio model with explicit chiral symmetry breaking. In apposition to the familiar temperature effect, the quark plasma at high density begins to hadronize suddenly. It leads to a sudden and strong increase of final state pions in relativistic heavy ion collisions which may be considered as a clear signature of chiral symmetry restoration.
description: Latex2e, 11 pages, 7 Postscript figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C
Stability of Symmetry Breaking States in Finite-size Dicke Model with Photon Leakage
Creators: name: Imai, Ryosuke
name: Yamanaka, Yoshiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the finite-size Dicke model with photon leakage. It is shown that the symmetry breaking states, which are characterized by non-vanishing $\langle \hat{a} \rangle \neq 0$ and correspond to the ground states in the superradiant phase in the thermodynamic limit, are stable, while the eigenstates of the isolated finite-size Dicke Hamiltonian conserve parity symmetry. We introduce and analyze an effective master equation that describes the dynamics of a pair of the symmetry breaking states that are the degenerate lowest energy eigenstates in the superradiant region with photon leakage. It becomes clear that photon leakage is essential to stabilize the symmetry breaking states and to realize the superradiant phase without the thermodynamic limit. Our theoretical analysis provides an alternative interpretation using the finite-size model to explain results from cold atomic experiments showing superradiance with the symmetry breaking in an optical cavity.
description: 12 pages
Systematic errors in the measurement of neutrino masses due to baryonic feedback processes: Prospects for stage IV lensing surveys
Creators: name: Aravind  Natarajan
name: Zentner, Andrew R.
name: Battaglia, Nicholas
name: Trac, Hy
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the importance of baryonic feedback effects on the matter power spectrum on small scales and the implications for the precise measurement of neutrino masses through gravitational weak lensing. Planned large galaxy surveys such as the Large Synoptic Sky Telescope and Euclid are expected to measure the sum of neutrino masses to extremely high precision, sufficient to detect nonzero neutrino masses even in the minimal mass normal hierarchy. We show that weak lensing of galaxies, while being a very good probe of neutrino masses, is extremely sensitive to baryonic feedback processes. We use publicly available results from the Overwhelmingly Large Simulations project to investigate the effects of active galactic nuclei feedback, the nature of the stellar initial mass function, and gas cooling rates on the measured weak lensing shear power spectrum. Using the Fisher matrix formalism and priors from CMB+BAO data, we show that, when one does not account for feedback, the measured neutrino mass may be substantially larger or smaller than the true mass, depending on the dominant feedback mechanism, with the mass error |Δmν| often exceeding the mass mν itself. We also consider gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and show that it is not sensitive to baryonic feedback on scales ℓ<2000, although CMB experiments that aim for sensitivities σ(mν)<0.02 eV will need to include baryonic effects in modeling the CMB lensing potential. A combination of CMB lensing and galaxy lensing can help break the degeneracy between neutrino masses and baryonic feedback processes. We conclude that future large galaxy lensing surveys such as Large Synoptic Sky Telescope and Euclid can only measure neutrino masses accurately if the matter power spectrum can be measured to similar accuracy.
Interleaving Lattice for the APS Linac
Creators: name: Shin, Seunghwan
name: Sun, Yine
name: Dooling, Jeff
name: Zholents, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To realize and test advanced accelerator concepts and hardware, a beamline is being reconfigured in the Linac Extension Area (LEA) of APS linac. A photo-cathode RF gun installed at the beginning of the APS linac will provide a low emittance electron beam into the LEA beamline. The thermionic RF gun beam for the APS storage ring, and the photo-cathode RF gun beam for LEA beamline will be accelerated through the linac in an interleaved fashion. In this paper, the design studies for interleaving lattice realization in APS linac is described with initial experiment result
Die dialektische Lebenskunst von Guy Debord, Verworfener & Kulturschatz
Creators: name: Reichmann, Mark
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Situationismus
subject: Spektakel
subject: Mai 68
subject: Lebenskunst
subject: Situationism
subject: Spectacle
subject: May 68
subject: 700 Künste
subject: IH 32481

description: Der vorliegenden Studie Die dialektische Lebenskunst von Guy Debord, Verworfener & Kulturschatz liegt eine interdisziplinäre Untersuchung des Gesamtwerks jenes französischen Radikalen zugrunde. Debords kohärentes Bestreben hatte darin bestanden, zu einer Leidenschaft der Existenz zurückzufinden, wie sie als Grundlage zur Umwälzung des verarmten Alltagslebens dienen sollte. Zugleich Ehre und Pläsier war es ihm dabei, der „Gesellschaft des Spektakels“ - 1967 in einem strategisch eingesetzten ‚Theoriebuch‘ in Form von Zweckentfremdungen analysiert - zu schaden, wo er nur konnte. Kategorisierungsversuche seiner Tätigkeiten und Umtriebe ‚unterlief‘ der Wahlpariser regelmäßig. Lediglich den Einordnungen als Filmemacher und Enragé stimmte er zu. Interpretationsschwerpunkte liegen auf der Begutachtung von Bildmanifesten und Selbstporträts, wozu seine sieben Filme zählen. Im Rahmen eines an Gerald Raunig und Bazon Brock angelehnten Theoriedesigns, wird sein provokantes Vorgehen in neun Kapiteln (I – IX) als Gesamtkunst-Experiment und Lebenskunstwerk beschrieben. Fundamental ist hierbei das Diktum Brocks, dass ein Totalkunstwerk ein Postulat seiner eigenen Verwirklichung darstellt. Die Gliederung des Stoffes folgt dem romanhaften Werdegang eines Initiators zweier Avantgardeformationen sowie dem Vollzug einer ‚Überwindung‘ der Kunst in deren Reihen. Das Gravitätszentrum aller Aktivitäten und ein Scharnier der Abhandlung ist die klandestine Rolle, welche die Situationistische Internationale bei der Verwirklichung der Mai-Revolte 1968 in Frankreich spielte.
description: In its character the study Guy Debords Art of Living, Accursed Poet & Cultural Treasury is an interdisciplinary examination of this French radical’s strange and obscure ways. His coherent achievement may be judged as an approach to regain a lost passion of existence in order to revolutionize everyday life. Debord found pleasure and pride in his lifelong ambition to demolish the so-called “Socitey of the Spectacle”, which he analyzed in his infamous book by the same title, first published in 1967. Often quoted since, rarely described as the invention and event it was. Debord defended himself againt categorization. But he agreed on being titulated a filmmaker and enraged person in the tradition of a perverted French Revolution. Following a theory-design, paying references to Gerald Raunig and Bazon Brock, his provocative approach is discussed in nine chapters (I-IX). Baring in mind that – according to Brock – a total work is a postulate of its own realization. The script follows the novel-like progress of a co-founder and lustful destroyer of two avantgarde-troups. All of the group activities are gravitating around what happened in Paris at the heyday of May 68.
Density profiles in a quantum Coulomb fluid near a hard wall
Creators: name: Aqua, Jean-Noel
name: Cornu, Francoise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Equilibrium particle densities near a hard wall are studied for a quantum fluid made of point charges which interact via Coulomb potential without any regularization. In the framework of the grand-canonical ensemble, we use an equivalence with a classical system of loops with random shapes, based on the Feynman-Kac path-integral representation of the quantum Gibbs factor. After systematic resummations of Coulomb divergences in the Mayer fugacity expansions of loop densities, there appears a screened potential $ϕ$. It obeys an inhomogeneous Debye-Hückel equation with an effective screening length which depends on the distance from the wall. The formal solution for $ϕ$ can be expanded in powers of the ratios of the de Broglie thermal wavelengths $\laa$'s of each species $α$ and the limit of the screening length far away from the wall. In a regime of low degeneracy and weak coupling, exact analytical density profiles are calculated at first order in two independent parameters. Because of the vanishing of wave-functions close to the wall, density profiles vanish gaussianly fast in the vicinity of the wall over distances $\laa$'s, with an essential singularity in Planck constant $\hbar$. When species have different masses, this effect is equivalent to the appearance of a quantum surface charge localized on the wall and proportional to $\hbar$ at leading order. Then, density profiles, as well as the electrostatic potential drop created by the charge-density profile, also involve a term linear in $\hbar$ andwhich decays exponentially fast over the classical Debye screening length $\xid$. The corresponding contribution to the global surface charge exactly compensates the charge in the very vicinity of the surface, so that the net electric field vanishes in the bulk, as it should.
description: 48 pages, 6 figures
Extremely Red Objects in the Field of QSO 1213-0017: A Galaxy Concentration at z=1.31
Creators: name: Liu, Michael C.
name: Dey, Arjun
name: Graham, James R.
name: Bundy, Kevin A.
name: Steidel, Charles C.
name: Adelberger, Kurt L.
name: Dickinson, Mark E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have discovered a concentration of extremely red objects (EROs; R-K>6) in the field of the z=2.69 quasar QSO 1213-0017 (UM 485), which is significantly overabundant compared to the field ERO surface density. The optical/near-IR colors of the EROs and numerous other red galaxies in this field are consistent with elliptical galaxies at z=1-2. HST optical images for a subset of galaxies show regular morphologies, most of them being disky or diffuse and without any obvious evidence for interactions. Ground-based IR images show similar morphologies, indicating any dust reddening in these objects is spatially uniform. Optical spectroscopy with the W. M. Keck Telescope has found that four of the red galaxies lie at =1.31, and a fifth lies in the foreground at z=1.20. Of the =1.31 galaxies, one is a reddened AGN while the remaining three have rest-frame UV absorption-line spectra characteristic of old (few Gyr) stellar populations, similar to the old red galaxy LBDS 53W091 at z=1.55. Including the MgII absorber seen in the QSO spectrum, we find five galaxies at =1.31 spread over 1.5 h_50^{-1} Mpc on the sky. These results suggest we have discovered a coherent structure of old galaxies at high-redshift, possibly associated with a massive galaxy cluster.
description: 37 pages including 11 Postscript figures. To appear in the June 2000 issue of the Astronomical Journal
Statistical Disclosure: Improved, Extended, and Resisted
Creators: name: Emamdoost, Navid
name: Dousti, Mohammad Sadeq
name: Jalili, Rasool
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traffic analysis is a type of attack on secure communications systems, in which the adversary extracts useful patterns and information from the observed traffic. This paper improves and extends an efficient traffic analysis attack, called "statistical disclosure attack." Moreover, we propose a solution to defend against the improved (and, a fortiori, the original) statistical disclosure attack. Our solution delays the attacker considerably, meaning that he should gather significantly more observations to be able to deduce meaningful information from the traffic.
description: SECURWARE 2012 : The Sixth International Conference on Emerging Security Information, Systems and Technologies
Thermal and Nonthermal Pion Enhancements with Chiral Symmetry Restoration
Creators: name: Zhuang, P.
name: Yang, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pion production by sigma decay and its relation with chiral symmetry restoration in a hot and dense matter are investigated in the framework of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. The decay rate for the process sigma -> 2pion to the lowest order in a 1/N_c expansion is calculated as a function of temperature T and chemical potential mu. The thermal and nonthermal enhancements of pions generated by the decay before and after the freeze-out present only in the crossover region of the chiral symmetry transition. The strongest nonthermal enhancement is located in the vicinity of the endpoint of the first-order transition.
description: Latex2e, 12 pages, 8 Postscript figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
SymFET: A Proposed Symmetric Graphene Tunneling Field Effect Transistor
Creators: name: Zhao, Pei
name: Feenstra, Randall
name: Gu, Gong
name: Debdeep  Jena
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, an analytical model for calculating the channel potential and current-voltage characteristics in a symmetric tunneling field-effect transistor (SymFET) is presented. The current in a SymFET flows by tunneling from an n-type graphene layer to a p-type graphene layer. A large current peak occurs when the Dirac points are aligned at a particular drain-to-source bias VDS . Our model shows that the current of the SymFET is very weakly dependent on temperature. The resonant current peak is controlled by chemical doping and applied gate bias. The on/off ratio increases with graphene coherence length and doping. The symmetric resonant peak is a good candidate for high-speed analog applications and can enable digital logic similar to the BiSFET. Our analytical model also offers the benefit of permitting simple analysis of features such as the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the resonant peak and higher order harmonics of the nonlinear current. The SymFET takes advantage of the perfect symmetry of the band structure of 2-D graphene, a feature that is not present in conventional semiconductors.