Liriomyza polygalivora Eiseman & Lonsdale & Feldman 2019, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Eiseman, Charles S.
name: Lonsdale, Owen
name: Feldman, Tracy S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Agromyzidae
Liriomyza
Liriomyza polygalivora

description: Liriomyza polygalivora spec. nov.
(Figs. 19–20, 45–46, 94–97)
Holotype. NORTH CAROLINA: Orange Co., Duke forest, Korstian Division, Wooden Bridge Road, 27.vi.2016, em. 10–17.vii.2016, T.S. Feldman, ex Polygala verticillata, # CSE2732, CNC654307 (1♂).
Paratypes. NORTH CAROLINA: same collection as holotype, CNC654308–654314 (3♂ 4♀).
Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the host plant, Polygala L.
Host. Polygalaceae: Polygala verticillata L.
Leaf mine. (Figs. 45–46) At least initially, a whitish, linear mine on the upper leaf surface, with black frass in strips and beaded strips along the sides. Ultimately the mine may be contorted to form a secondary blotch that occupies the entire leaf and is largely full-depth; some frass in these mines is deposited in irregular lumps.
Puparium. (Fig. 20) Yellow to orange-yellow; formed outside the mine.
Distribution. USA: NC.
Adult description. Wing length 1.2–1.4mm (♂), 1.2–1.5mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section: 3.0–3.5. Costa extending to M 1. Eye height divided by gena height: 5.8–5.9. First flagellomere small, rounded. Arista pubescent. Notum almost shining.
Chaetotaxy: Two ors, usually two ori; anterior ori present or absent on one or both sides, setula-like to ¾ length of posterior ori. Ocellar and postvertical setae subequal to fronto-orbitals. Four dorsocentral setae decreasing in length anteriorly, with third seta less than half length of second seta and fourth seta ¾ length of third seta. Four rows of acrostichal setulae (sparse past second dorsocentral).
Coloration: (Fig. 19) Head yellow with back of head, posterolateral corner of frons to base of inner vertical seta, ocellar tubercle and clypeus dark brown; orbital plate with brownish-gray line along eye that is thicker lateral to ors and may extend to reach base of fronto-orbitals; first flagellomere darker yellow. Scutum dark brown with complete lateral yellow stripe excluding spot on postpronotum. Scutellum dark brown laterally. Mediotergite dark brown, anatergite brownish with anteroventral region darker, katatergite yellow with posteroventral corner brown. Pleuron mostly yellow; anepisternum with large oblique anteroventral stripe that narrows posteriorly and brown medial line along posterior suture; anepisternum with limited brown mottling; meron brown with dorsum yellow; katepisternum with large dark brown ventral spot that does not reach level of seta. Calypter margin gray, hairs brown. Haltere yellow. Legs yellow with base of coxae narrowly brown and tibiae and tarsi brown. Abdominal tergites brown with lateral margin yellow; epandrium and surstylus dark brown.
Genitalia: (Figs. 94–97) Surstylus with two spines. Phallophorus very narrow ventrally. Basiphallus plate irregular in outline, left lateral to dorsal, with narrow sclerotized strip along left distal margin. Hypophallus rodlike with apical hairs. Paraphallus narrow, short, rod-like. Mesophallus cylindrical, more heavily sclerotized laterally, fused to distiphallus and with complete ventral suture, angled dorsally. Distiphallus cup-shaped, wider than long, wider than mesophallus, distal margin dark ventrally and laterally, almost entirely concealing short, paired fringed tubules. Distal section of ejaculatory duct swollen and pigmented. Ejaculatory apodeme large with base barely wider than narrow stem; sperm pump with transverse sclerotized plate ventrally.
Comments. The new species differs from most congeners in having yellow femora and a narrow brown line along the dorsal eye margin on the orbital plate. The genitalia are similar to a number of species, including L. brassicae (Riley) (which sometimes also has a narrow brown orbital stripe (Lonsdale 2017: Figs. 225, 226)), but in L. polygalivora there are two surstylus spines, the mesophallus is dark (cf. L. helianthi Spencer), thick (not slender, cf. L. conclavis Lonsdale (Lonsdale 2011: Figs. 74, 75), L. asclepiadis Spencer (Lonsdale 2017: Figs. 217, 218)) and widest subapically, and the distiphallus is angled dorsally.
The only agromyzid previously recorded from Polygala is the European Liriomyza polygalae Hering, which likewise forms a linear-blotch mine.
description: Published as part of Eiseman, Charles S., Lonsdale, Owen & Feldman, Tracy S., 2019, Nine new species of Agromyzidae from North Carolina, USA, with new host and distribution records for additional species, pp. 301-333 in Zootaxa 4571 (3) on pages 313-314, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2612611