cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
HOI4D: A 4D Egocentric Dataset for Category-Level Human-Object Interaction
Creators: name: Liu, Yunze
name: Liu, Yun
name: Jiang, Che
name: Lyu, Kangbo
name: Wan, Weikang
name: Shen, Hao
name: Liang, Boqiang
name: Fu, Zhoujie
name: Wang, He
name: Yi, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present HOI4D, a large-scale 4D egocentric dataset with rich annotations, to catalyze the research of category-level human-object interaction. HOI4D consists of 2.4M RGB-D egocentric video frames over 4000 sequences collected by 4 participants interacting with 800 different object instances from 16 categories over 610 different indoor rooms. Frame-wise annotations for panoptic segmentation, motion segmentation, 3D hand pose, category-level object pose and hand action have also been provided, together with reconstructed object meshes and scene point clouds. With HOI4D, we establish three benchmarking tasks to promote category-level HOI from 4D visual signals including semantic segmentation of 4D dynamic point cloud sequences, category-level object pose tracking, and egocentric action segmentation with diverse interaction targets. In-depth analysis shows HOI4D poses great challenges to existing methods and produces great research opportunities.
A general formulation for computing spherical helioseismic sensitivity kernels while incorporating systematical effects
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Jishnu
name: Hanasoge, Shravan M.
name: Sreenivasan, Katepalli R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As helioseismology matures and turns into a precision science, modeling finite-frequency, geometric and systematical effects is becoming increasingly important. Here we introduce a general formulation for treating perturbations of arbitrary tensor rank in spherical geometry using fundamental ideas of quantum mechanics and their extensions in geophysics. We include line-of-sight projections and center-to-limb differences in line-formation heights in our analysis. We demonstrate the technique by computing a travel-time sensitivity kernel for sound-speed perturbations. The analysis produces the spherical harmonic coefficients of the sensitivity kernels, which leads to better-posed and computationally efficient inverse problems.
A transient I band excess in the optical spectrum of the accreting millisecond pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658
Creators: name: Greenhill, J. G.
name: Giles, A. B.
name: Coutures, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical counterpart of the transient, millisecond X-ray pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658 was observed in four colours (BVRI) for five weeks during the 2005 June-July outburst. The optical fluxes declined by ~2 magnitudes during the first 16 days and then commenced quasi-periodic secondary outbursts, with time-scales of several days, similar to those seen in 2000 and 2002. The broadband spectra derived from these measurements were generally consistent with emission from an X-ray heated accretion disc. During the first 16 days decline in intensity the spectrum became redder. We suggest that the primary outburst was initiated by a viscosity change driven instability in the inner disc and note the contrast with another accreting millisecond pulsar, XTE J0929--314, for which the spectrum becomes bluer during the decline. On the night of 2005 June 5 (HJD 2453527) the I band flux was ~0.45 magnitudes brighter than on the preceding or following nights whereas the BVR bands showed no obvious enhancement. A Type I X-ray burst was detected by the RXTE spacecraft during this I band integration. It seems unlikely that reprocessed radiation from the burst was sufficient to explain the observed increase. We suggest that a major part of the I band excess was due to synchrotron emission triggered by the X-ray burst. Several other significant short duration changes in V-I were detected. One occurred at about HJD 2453546 in the early phase of the first secondary outburst and may be due to a mass transfer instability or to another synchrotron emission event.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted by MNRAS, 10 May 2006. Ver. 2 - larger Table 2 + various modest text changes
Examination of coding regions in the dpy-14 regions of Caenorhabditis elegans
Creators: name: Zhou, Wei
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to identify and clone the genes rescued by the cosmid T21G5 located in the dpy-14 region of chromosome I. Mutants in four genes, let- 394, let-534, let-545 and dpy-14 were rescued by transgenic C. elegans carrying T21G5 cosmic DNA created by McKay et al, 1993. Using the transgenic of hEx24 created by S. McKay, phenotypic rescue was confirmed. In order to isolate the individual genes corresponding with each of the mutant phenotypes, a set of plasmid subclones was constructed from T21G5 cosmid DNA. Each subclone was injected into wild-type C. elegans along with a plasmid carrying the dominant marker, Rol-6. Heritable transmission of the Rol-6 plasmid was detected by the roller phenotype. DNA molecules that share sequence identity could recombine to form an extrachromosomal arrays after injection into the gonad. In order to confirm the presence of the T21G5 plasmid subclone in the transgenic strain, PCR analysis with a set of primers from the Bluescript vector was used. The generation of the plasmid containing transgenics and PCR detection of the cosmid subclones distinct from the Rol-6 plasmid was successful. However, none of the plasmid transgenics rescued any of the mutants. In fact, three new T21G5 transgenics were generated, and none of these rescued the mutants. A number of controls were performed leading to the conclusion that hEx24 was exceptional in its ability to express and rescue the mutants in the germline. It has been shown that transgenic arrays often do not express well in the germline. An examination of the DNA sequence of T21G5 reveals two genes proposed to exhibit germline specific expression (gld-1-like, Ross etal, 1995) and (glh-1, Bennett et al, personal communication). Thus, this cosmid may not normally express well explaining the difficulty in repeating the rescuing ability of hEx24.
Periodic Orbits in Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou Systems
Creators: name: Karve, Nachiket
name: Rose, Nathan
name: Campbell, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The FPUT paradox is the phenomenon whereby a one-dimensional chain of oscillators with nonlinear couplings shows non-ergodic behavior. The trajectory of the system in phase space, with a long wavelength initial condition, closely follows that of the Toda model over short times, as both systems seem to relax quickly to a non-thermal, metastable state. Over longer times, resonances in the FPUT spectrum drive the system towards equilibrium, away from the Toda trajectory. Similar resonances are observed in $q$-breather spectra, suggesting that $q$-breathers are involved in the route towards thermalization. In this article we investigate such resonances and show that they occur due to exact overlaps of $q$-breather frequencies of the type $mΩ_1 = Ω_k$. The resonances appear as peaks in the energy spectrum. Further, they give rise to new composite periodic orbits, which exist simultaneously with the original $q$-breathers. We find that such resonances are absent in integrable systems, as a consequence of the (infinite number of) conservation laws associated with integrability.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Texto: Entrevista de Kamtinuwy com Paatau
Creators: name: Mỹky, Kamtinuwy
name: Mỹky, Paatau
name: Bardagil Mas, Bernat
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: irn

description: Kamtinuwy conversa com Paatau sobre os nomes de pessoa na língua em mỹky.
Kamtinuwy talks with Paatau about the person names in Mỹky.
Geometry and Regularity of Moving Punctures
Creators: name: Hannam, Mark
name: Husa, Sascha
name: Pollney, Denis
name: Bruegmann, Bernd
name: O'Murchadha, Niall
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Significant advances in numerical simulations of black-hole binaries have recently been achieved using the puncture method. We examine how and why this method works by evolving a single black hole. The coordinate singularity and hence the geometry at the puncture are found to change during evolution, from representing an asymptotically flat end to being a cylinder. We construct an analytic solution for the stationary state of a black hole in spherical symmetry that matches the numerical result and demonstrates that the evolution is not dominated by artefacts at the puncture but indeed finds the analytical result.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Replaced with version that matches the one published in PRL: one extra figure, and modified abstract and introduction
Beyond the density operator and Tr(ρA): Exploiting the higher-order statistics of random-coefficient pure states for quantum information processing
Creators: name: Deville, Yannick
name: Deville, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Two types of states are widely used in quantum mechanics, namely (deterministic-coefficient) pure states and statistical mixtures. A density operator can be associated with each of them. We here address a third type of states, that we previously introduced in a more restricted framework. These states generalize pure ones by replacing each of their deterministic ket coefficients by a random variable. We therefore call them Random-Coefficient Pure States, or RCPS. We analyze their properties and their relationships with both types of usual states. We show that RCPS contain much richer information than the density operator and mean of observables that we associate with them. This occurs because the latter operator only exploits the second-order statistics of the random state coefficients, whereas their higher-order statistics contain additional information. That information can be accessed in practice with the multiple-preparation procedure that we propose for RCPS, by using second-order and higher-order statistics of associated random probabilities of measurement outcomes. Exploiting these higher-order statistics opens the way to a very general approach for performing advanced quantum information processing tasks. We illustrate the relevance of this approach with a generic example, dealing with the estimation of parameters of a quantum process and thus related to quantum process tomography. This parameter estimation is performed in the non-blind (i.e. supervised) or blind (i.e. unsupervised) mode. We show that this problem cannot be solved by using only the density operator ρof an RCPS and the associated mean value Tr(ρA) of the operator A that corresponds to the considered physical quantity. We succeed in solving this problem by exploiting a fourth-order statistical parameter of state coefficients, in addition to second-order statistics. Numerical tests validate this result.
description: 1 figure
The future large obliquity of Jupiter
Creators: name: Saillenfest, Melaine
name: Lari, Giacomo
name: Courtot, Ariane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: We aim to determine whether Jupiter's obliquity is bound to remain exceptionally small in the Solar System, or if it could grow in the future and reach values comparable to those of the other giant planets. Methods: The spin axis of Jupiter is subject to the gravitational torques from its regular satellites and from the Sun. These torques evolve over time due to the long-term variations of its orbit and to the migration of its satellites. With numerical simulations, we explore the future evolution of Jupiter's spin axis for different values of its moment of inertia and for different migration rates of its satellites. Analytical formulas show the location and properties of all relevant resonances. Results: Because of the migration of the Galilean satellites, Jupiter's obliquity is currently increasing, as it adiabatically follows the drift of a secular spin-orbit resonance with the nodal precession mode of Uranus. Using the current estimates of the migration rate of the satellites, the obliquity of Jupiter can reach values ranging from 6° to 37° after 5 Gyrs from now, according to the precise value of its polar moment of inertia. A faster migration for the satellites would produce a larger increase in obliquity, as long as the drift remains adiabatic. Conclusions: Despite its peculiarly small current value, the obliquity of Jupiter is no different from other obliquities in the Solar System: It is equally sensitive to secular spin-orbit resonances and it will probably reach comparable values in the future.
description: Published in Astronomy & Astrophysics
The future of HTA is MCDA
Creators: name: Dowie, Jack
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Much of the talent and resources involved in decision analysis-based Health Technology Assessment is focused on advancing ‘best practice’ as assessed by normative standards. While entirely rational from the point of view of publications, grants and careers this often has the effect of deterring the adoption, in decision practice, of less complex and rigorous analytical methods that would represent an improvement on the predominantly intuitive status quo. (See Value of Analysis Analysis poster.) A second problem arising from the current prioritising of analytical rigour over practical usefulness arises from the fact that decision owners/makers (such as National Institute for Clinical Excellence) clearly desire to take into account considerations which are not, and cannot, be incorporated in the conventional decision analytic maximand (e.g. QALYs). In order to address these two barriers to the practical adoption of more analytical methods we conclude that it is necessary (i) to move from conventional to Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis and (ii) employ an interface tool that is compatible with the key criteria for practical use (including speed, workflow fit, and cognitive demands). In this paper we introduce a software tool, Annalisa, that addresses the weakness of existing MCDA implementations and demonstrate how it can be used in NICE-type public health HTA and decision making. We also show how it can be used to address the meta-decision of deciding how to decide.
Estimates for $k$-dimensional spherical summations of arithmetic functions of the GCD and LCM
Creators: name: Heyman, Randell
name: Tóth, László
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A05, 11A25, 11N37

description: Let $k\ge 2$ be a fixed integer. We consider sums of type $\sum_{n_1^2+\cdots+ n_k^2\le x} F(n_1,\ldots,n_k)$, taken over the $k$-dimensional spherical region $\{(n_1,\ldots,n_k)\in {\Bbb Z}^k: n_1^2+\cdots+ n_k^2\le x\}$, where $F:{\Bbb Z}^k\to {\Bbb C}$ is a given function. In particular, we deduce asymptotic formulas with remainder terms for the spherical summations $\sum_{n_1^2+\cdots+ n_k^2\le x} f((n_1,\ldots,n_k))$ and $\sum_{n_1^2+\cdots+ n_k^2\le x} f([n_1,\ldots,n_k])$, involving the GCD and LCM of the integers $n_1,\ldots,n_k$, where $f:{\Bbb N}\to {\Bbb C}$ belongs to certain classes of functions.
description: 22 pages, revised
Proton Decay and Gauge Coupling Unification in an Extended SU(5) GUT with 45-Dimensional Higgs
Creators: name: Haba, Naoyuki
name: Nagano, Keisuke
name: Shimizu, Yasuhiro
name: Yamada, Toshifumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive study of an extended SU(5) grand unified theory (GUT) that incorporates a 45-dimensional Higgs representation to address the shortcomings of the minimal SU(5) GUT, such as the inability to generate realistic fermion mass hierarchies and insufficient proton stability. By considering a hierarchical mass spectrum for the scalar components of the 45-Higgs, we demonstrate that successful gauge coupling unification (GCU) can be achieved. The color octet scalar, color triplet scalar, and color anti-triplet scalar play crucial roles in realizing GCU when their masses are significantly lighter than other components of the 45-Higgs. We focuses on the proton decay channels mediated by the exchange of the color anti-triplet scalar. Assuming that the 45-Higgs couples to all three generations of fermions, we determine the 45-Higgs Yukawa couplings with which the observed fermion mass matrices at low energies are realized. We calculate proton decay rates using the Yukawa couplings obtained from renormalization group evolutions and matching conditions at the GUT scale, thereby exploring the dependence of proton decay rates on model parameters. We find that the $p \to νπ$ mode imposes the most stringent constraint on the mass of the color anti-triplet scalar $M_{S_1}$. We also study the correlations between the lower bounds on $M_{S_1}$ derived from different proton decay modes.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables, Version accepted for publication in PTEP
Value of Analysis Analysis or, Decision Resource Effectiveness Analysis
Creators: name: Dowie, Jack
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Impressive progress has been made in developing analytically rigorous answers to the intervention question: ‘what should we do?’ Bayesian decision analysis answers the research version of this question, as well as the adoption one, providing the basis of Value of Information Analysis. But this progress is not matched by utilisation in public health or clinical medicine. The gap can be traced largely to the failure of analysts (and those who fund and evaluate their work) to accept the need to trade-off analytical rigour and practical usefulness and to treat seriously the question of ‘how should we decide what we should do?’ Paralleling Cost-Effectiveness Analysis for the intervention question, Decision Resources-Effectiveness Analysis is proposed as the analytical route to answering the decision question, as the basis for Value of Analysis Analysis, and as the source of key insights into the gap. In DREA both (Decision) Effectiveness and Decision Resources are multi-attribute index measures reflecting the weighted criteria of the decision owners/makers. We hypothesise that the DE of predominantly analytic Decision Technologies (ADTs) is monotonically increasing relative to DR, but at a diminishing rate, while that of predominantly intuitive DTs (IDTs) peaks early relative to DR and then declines. The Willingness to Decision Resource threshold (lambda) of decision owners/makers will often identify an ADT of much less DE than the current best practice one. However, because of analysts’ failure to endorse the ‘inferior’ ADT, the behavioural consequence is reversion to a predominantly intuitive one.
Nomes e canto
Creators: name: Mỹky, Janãi
name: Bardagil Mas, Bernat
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: irn

description: Janãi dá os nomes de alguns parentes, e canta uma melodia tradicional.
Janãi names a few relatives and sings a tranditional tune.
Domain walls in (Ga,Mn)As diluted magnetic semiconductor
Creators: name: Sugawara, Akira
name: Kasai, H.
name: Tonomura, A.
name: Brown, P. D.
name: Campion, R. P.
name: Edmonds, K. W.
name: Gallagher, B. L.
name: Zemen, J.
name: Jungwirth, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimental and theoretical studies of magnetic domain walls in an in-plane magnetized (Ga,Mn)As dilute moment ferromagnetic semiconductor. Our high-resolution electron holography technique provides direct images of domain wall magnetization profiles. The experiments are interpreted based on microscopic calculations of the micromagnetic parameters and Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert simulations. We find that the competition of uniaxial and biaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropies in the film is directly reflected in orientation dependent wall widths, ranging from approximately 40 nm to 120 nm. The domain walls are of the Néel type and evolve from near-$90^{\circ}$ walls at low-temperatures to large angle [1$\bar{1}$0]-oriented walls and small angle [110]-oriented walls at higher temperatures.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
On the relation between constraint regularization, level sets, and shape optimization
Creators: name: Leitao, A.
name: Scherzer, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65J20, 47J06

description: We consider regularization methods based on the coupling of Tikhonov regularization and projection strategies. From the resulting constraint regularization method we obtain level set methods in a straight forward way. Moreover, we show that this approach links the areas of asymptotic regularization to inverse problems theory, scale-space theory to computer vision, level set methods, and shape optimization.
description: 12 pages, Letter to the editor
The troublesome woman : a study of Barbara Pym's novels and short stories
Creators: name: Joyce, Robin Rosemary
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: PR6066.Y58 J69 2012
subject: Pym, Barbara Criticism and interpretation.
subject: Literature and society History 20th century.Great Britain
subject: Women and literature History 20th century.Great Britain
subject: Feminism in literature

description: This dissertation offers a revisionist account of Barbara Pym's fiction written between 1935 and 1979. It is an analysis of Pym's published work and unpublished manuscripts. The thesis contends that Pym's writing has a significant feminist dimension in the way it represents women characters and challenges conventions about women's role. Pym was a consummate observer. It is argued that, consciously or unconsciously, she interpreted her observations from a feminist perspective. Unlike post-1970s writers, she was ill equipped to place her observations into a feminist framework. Their familiarity with a body of feminist theory gave their work recognisable markers through which to interpret their feminist understandings. Re-reading Pym's work through some of those understandings demonstrates that, although she has no apparent feminist framework, many of the issues she raises and the way in which she approaches them, are feminist. It is argued that Pym continues some of Jane Austen's practices in her use of irony and mockery; confounding expectations of male and female behaviour; uttering truisms to highlight inconsistencies in behaviour; and using a conforming woman to contrast with a troublesome woman. This thesis argues that the arguments for a feminist re-reading of Austen's work are legitimately applied to re-reading Pym's texts. Until the 1970s, Pym also wrote subversive texts in inhospitable circumstances. The familiar conservative village setting or context for much of her fiction is a cover for the challenging exploration of the unequal nature of relationships between women and men. In the reception of Pym's fiction, the village has often been mistaken for the whole interest of the work. This thesis contends that Pym's techniques provided a cosy cover for representations of women and men that disturbed conventional pieties about marriage and women's social role. Pym would not describe herself as a feminist writer. However, Pym gives women's stories credibility, supports the notion of spinsters who choose to remain unmarried and observes friendships between women and realises them in her fiction. Pym's work is examined against feminist criteria. She gives what I refer to as the ""troublesome woman"" a central place in her narratives; her work destabilises the argument that women have inherently different characteristics from men and that nurturing is central to women's lives; binary feminist ideas are a recurring feature; and she features some aspects of the politics of difference. Pym's work is also compared with Fay Weldon and Zoe Fairbairns' acknowledged feminist work. Pym's feminist approach culminates in her 1970s novels, An Academic Question and Quartet in Autumn. --provided by Candidate.
Bending-Filament Model for the Buckling and Coiling Instability of Viscous Fluid Rope
Creators: name: Nagahiro, Shin-ichiro
name: Hayakawa, Yoshinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple model is proposed for the buckling and coiling instability of a viscous "fluid rope" falling on a plane. By regarding a fluid rope as a one-dimensional flow, this model accounts for only the axial and shared viscous forces. Our model successfully reproduces several experiments with no adjustable parameters, such as the existence of three distinct coiling regimes reported in Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 214502 (2004). Our model allows for the discussion of unsteady motion. An expression for the critical fall height at which the coiling frequency changes from a decrease to increase was phenomenologically derived. It was found that the coil-uncoil transition shows remarkable hysteresis only for weak gravity condition.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
Evidence-based health care via Multi-Criteria Decision Analytic decision support: a Danish case study
Creators: name: Kaltoft, Mette Kjer
name: Dowie, Jack
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Policy decisions are often based on a (mini-) HTA. A (mini-)HTA can be constructed as a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA). An MCDA makes clear that policy makers need to define the value weights to be attached to criteria such as Patient Safety as well as considering the evidence on all criteria. The Systematic Literature Review that is part of a (mini-) HTA can be used to populate this MCDA. To achieve this, the policy-relevant SLR needs to be structured in the light of the policy decision to be taken and must use, as criterion of inclusion, the Best Available Evidence, not the grades relevant to  a conventional ‘scientific’ SLR. A proof-of-method is supplied based on a Danish case study of the use of handhelds by nurses in acute care.
Radio and X-ray observations of an exceptional radio flare in the extreme z=4.72 blazar GB B1428+4217
Creators: name: Worsley, M. A.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Pooley, G. G.
name: Chandler, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the extreme behaviour of the high redshift blazar GB B1428+4217 at z=4.72. A continued programme of radio measurements has revealed an exceptional flare in the lightcurve, with the 15.2 GHz flux density rising by a factor ~3 from ~140 mJy to ~430 mJy in a rest-frame timescale of only ~4 months -- much larger than any previous flares observed in this source. In addition to new measurements of the 1.4-43 GHz radio spectrum we also present the analysis and results of a target-of-opportunity X-ray observation using XMM-Newton, made close to the peak in radio flux. Although the X-ray data do not show a flare in the high energy lightcurve, we are able to confirm the X-ray spectral variability hinted at in previous observations. GB B1428+4217 is one of several high-redshift radio-loud quasars that display a low energy break in the X-ray spectrum, probably due to the presence of excess absorption in the source. X-ray spectral analysis of the latest XMM-Newton data is shown to be consistent with the warm absorption scenario which we have hypothesized previously. Warm absorption is also consistent with the observed X-ray spectral variability of the source, in which the spectral changes can be successfully accounted-for with a fixed column density of material in which the ionization state is correlated with hardness of the underlying power-law emission.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, MNRAS accepted
Super-Solar Super Lyman Limit Systems
Creators: name: Prochaska, Jason X.
name: O'Meara, John M.
name: Herbert-Fort, Stephane
name: Burles, Scott
name: Prochter, Gabriel E.
name: Bernstein, Rebecca A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present abundance measurements for two super Lyman Limit systems (SLLS; quasar absorption line systems with 10^19 cm^-2 < N_HI < 10^20.3 cm^-2) selected from a set of metal-strong absorbers in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey quasar database. After applying estimate corrections for photoionization effects, we derive gas-phase metallicities of [M/H]=+0.7 +/- 0.2 dex for the SLLS at z=1.7749 toward SDSS0927+5621 and [M/H]=+0.05 +/- 0.1 dex for the SLLS at z=1.7678 toward SDSS0953+5230. The former exhibits among the highest gas metallicity of any astrophysical environment and its total metal surface density exceeds that of nearly every known damped Lya system. The properties of these absorbers -- high metallicity and large velocity width (> 300 km/s) -- resemble those of gas observed in absorption in the spectra of bright, star-forming galaxies at high redshift. We discuss the metal mass density of the SLLS based on these observations and our ongoing SLLS survey and argue that a conservative estimate to the total metal budget at z=2 is greater than 15% of the total, suggesting that the metal-rich LLS may represent the dominant metal reservoir in the young universe.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Submitted to ApJL; Revised June 22, 2006
The near-infrared companion to HD94660 (=KQ Vel)
Creators: name: Schöller, M.
name: Hummel, C. A.
name: Hubrig, S.
name: Kurtz, D. W.
name: Mathys, G.
name: Robrade, J.
name: Jarvinen, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bp star HD94660 is a single-lined spectroscopic binary. Some authors have suggested that the unseen companion of at least 2M_sun may be a compact object. We intend to study this multiple system in detail, especially to learn more about the so-far unseen companion. We have collected and analyzed PIONIER H-band data from the Very Large Telescope Interferometer, TESS visible photometric data, and X-ray observations with Chandra of HD94660. Using PIONIER, we were able to detect the companion to HD94660, which is absent from high quality spectra at visible wavelengths, with a magnitude difference of 1.8 in the H band at a separation of 18.72mas. The TESS light curve shows variations with a period of 2.1d and also flaring. The Chandra spectrum is well described by emission from hot thermal plasma, yet might include a non-thermal component. The X-ray properties are compatible with a magnetically active companion, while some magnetospheric contribution from the primary is also possible. We can rule out that the companion to HD94660 is a compact source. It is also very unlikely that this companion is a single star, as the estimated mass of more than 2M_sun, the magnitude difference of 1.8 in the H band, and its non-detection in visible spectra are difficult to realize in a single object. One alternative could be a pair of late F stars, which would also be responsible for the detected photometric variations. Interferometric observations over the full binary orbit are necessary to determine the real mass of the companion and to add constraints on the overall geometry of the system.
description: 6 pages, 1 table, 4 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Twisted Statistics in kappa-Minkowski Spacetime
Creators: name: Govindarajan, T. R.
name: Gupta, Kumar S.
name: Harikumar, E.
name: Meljanac, S.
name: Meljanac, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the issue of statistics for identical particles or fields in kappa-deformed spaces, where the system admits a symmetry group G. We obtain the twisted flip operator compatible with the action of the symmetry group, which is relevant for describing particle statistics in presence of the noncommutativity. It is shown that for a special class of realizations, the twisted flip operator is independent of the ordering prescription.
description: Latex file, 8 pages
Sur la conjecture de Tate pour les diviseurs
Creators: name: Kahn, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the Tate conjecture in codimension $1$ over a finitely generated field follows from the same conjecture for surfaces over its prime subfield. In positive characteristic, this is due to de Jong--Morrow over $\mathbf{F}_p$ and to Ambrosi for the reduction to $\mathbf{F}_p$. We give a different proof than Ambrosi's, which also works in characteristic $0$; over $\mathbf{Q}$, the reduction to surfaces follows from a simple argument using Lefschetz's $(1,1)$ theorem.
description: in French language. The proof of Proposition 3 was too imprecise; I clarified it. To appear in Ess. Numb. Theory
Cascaded Generation of a Sub-10-Attosecond Half-Cycle Pulse
Creators: name: Shou, Yinren
name: Hu, Ronghao
name: Gong, Zheng
name: Yu, Jinqing
name: Chen, Jia erh
name: Mourou, Gerard
name: Yan, Xueqing
name: Ma, Wenjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sub-10-attosecond pulses with half-cycle electric fields provide exceptional options to detect and manipulate electrons in the atomic timescale. However, the availability of such pulses is still challenging. Here, we propose a method to generate isolated sub-10-attosecond half-cycle pulses based on a cascade process naturally happening in plasma. A 100s-attosecond pulse is first generated by shooting a moderate overdense plasma with a one-cycle femtosecond pulse. After that, the generated attosecond pulse cascadedly produce a sub-10-attosecond half-cycle pulse in the transmission direction by unipolarly perturbing a nanometer-thin relativistic electron sheet naturally form in the plasma. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations indicate that an isolated half-cycle pulse with the duration of 8.3 attoseconds can be produced. Apart from one-cycle driving pulse, such a scheme also can be realized with a commercial 100-TW 25-fs driving laser by shaping the pulse with a relativistic plasma lens in advance.
Approaches to the classification of complex systems: Words, texts, and more
Creators: name: Rovenchak, Andrij
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The Chapter starts with introductory information about quantitative linguistics notions, like rank--frequency dependence, Zipf's law, frequency spectra, etc. Similarities in distributions of words in texts with level occupation in quantum ensembles hint at a superficial analogy with statistical physics. This enables one to define various parameters for texts based on this physical analogy, including "temperature", "chemical potential", entropy, and some others. Such parameters provide a set of variables to classify texts serving as an example of complex systems. Moreover, texts are perhaps the easiest complex systems to collect and analyze.
 Similar approaches can be developed to study, for instance, genomes due to well-known linguistic analogies. We consider a couple of approaches to define nucleotide sequences in mitochondrial DNAs and viral RNAs and demonstrate their possible application as an auxiliary tool for comparative analysis of genomes.
 Finally, we discuss entropy as one of the parameters, which can be easily computed from rank--frequency dependences. Being a discriminating parameter in some problems of classification of complex systems, entropy can be given a proper interpretation only in a limited class of problems. Its overall role and significance remain an open issue so far.
description: Chapter submitted to the book: Order, Disorder and Criticality: Advanced Problems of Phase Transition Theory. Ed. by Yu. Holovatch. Vol. 7, 2022, World Scientific, Singapore
Spin-subband populations and spin polarization of quasi two-dimensional carriers under in-plane magnetic field
Creators: name: Simserides, Constantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under an in-plane magnetic field, the density of states of quasi two-dimensional carriers deviates from the occasionally stereotypic step-like form both quantitatively and qualitatively. For the first time, we study how this affects the spin-subband populations and the spin-polarization as functions of the temperature, T, and the in-plane magnetic field, B, for narrow to wide dilute-magnetic-semiconductor quantum wells. We examine a wide range of material and structural parameters, focusing on the quantum well width, the magnitude of the spin-spin exchange interaction, and the sheet carrier concentration. Generally, increasing T, the carrier spin-splitting, U, decreases, augmenting the influence of the minority-spin carriers. Increasing B, U increases and accordingly carriers populate majority-spin subbands while they abandon minority-spin subbands. Furthermore, in line with the density of states modification, all energetically higher subbands become gradually depopulated. We also indicate the ranges where the system is completely spin-polarized.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, Physical Review B (in press)
Free energy of the three-state $τ_2(t_q)$ model as a product of elliptic functions
Creators: name: Baxter, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: {We show that the free energy of the three-state $τ_2(t_q)$ model can be expressed as products of Jacobi elliptic functions, the arguments being those of an hyperelliptic parametrization of the associated chiral Potts model. This is the first application of such a parametrization to the $N$-state chiral Potts free energy problem for $N > 2$.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures
On Linear and Nonlinear Acoustics in Stratified, Variable-Area Ducts and Atmospheres, and Lighthill's Proposition
Creators: name: Matzner, Christopher D.
name: Ro, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider linear and nonlinear waves in a stratified hydrostatic fluid within a channel of variable area, under the restriction of one-dimensional flow. We derive a modified version of Riemann's invariant that is related to the wave luminosity. This quantity obeys a simple dynamical equation in linear theory, from which the rules of wave reflection are easily discerned; and it is adiabatically conserved in the high-frequency limit. Following a suggestion by Lighthill, we apply the linear adiabatic invariant to predict mildly nonlinear waves. This incurs only moderate error. We find that Lighthill's criterion for shock formation is essentially exact for leading shocks, and for shocks within high-frequency waves. We conclude that approximate invariants can be used to accurately predict the self-distortion of low-amplitude acoustic pulses, as well as the dissipation patterns of weak shocks, in complicated environments such as stellar envelopes. We also identify fully nonlinear solutions for a restricted class of problems.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, submitted to J. Fluid Mech
Aktive Mobilität und gesundes Altern: kommunales Handeln an der Schnittstelle zwischen Gesundheitsförderung und räumlicher Planung
Creators: name: Quentin, Paula
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Aktive Mobilität
subject: Gesundes Altern
subject: Gesundheitsfördernde Kommunalentwicklung
subject: Health in All Policies
subject: Framing-Ansatz
subject: Reallabor
subject: 710
subject: Gemeinde
subject: Älterer Mensch
subject: Gesundheitsförderung
subject: Mobilität

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit dem kommunalen Handeln an der Schnittstelle zwischen Gesundheitsförderung und räumlicher Planung. Neben dem expliziten Umgang mit Gesundheit, z. B. dem Schutz vor gesundheitlichen Risiken oder der Förderung körperlicher Aktivität, geht es um den kommunalen Umgang mit aktiver Mobilität und gesundem Altern. Gesundheit wird so als ein Querschnittsthema beleuchtet, das viele Schnittstellen zu anderen kommunalen Handlungsfeldern – hier Mobilität und Altern – aufweist. Dabei wird eine politikwissenschaftliche Sichtweise auf das kommunale Handeln eingenommen, die ausgehend von der sozialen Konstruktion von Policy Problemen und dem Framing-Ansatz Prozesse der Problemdefinition in den Vordergrund stellt. Schwerpunkt der Arbeit ist die empirische Untersuchung des kommunalen Handelns an der Schnittstelle zwischen Gesundheitsförderung und räumlicher Planung in der Metropolregion Bremen-Oldenburg im Nordwesten. Basierend auf einer interviewbasierten Fallstudienanalyse und einem Reallabor stellt die Arbeit dar, (1) welche Problemverständnisse dem kommunalen Handeln bezogen auf aktive Mobilität, Altern und Gesundheit zugrunde liegen, (2) welche Rollen die kommunalen Akteur*innen im Umgang mit aktiver Mobilität, Altern und Gesundheit einnehmen, und (3) welche Interaktionsformen den Umgang mit aktiver Mobilität, Altern und Gesundheit prägen. Die empirische Analyse gibt Aufschluss darüber, inwiefern bestehende Denk- und Handlungsweisen im kommunalen Handeln an der Schnittstelle zwischen Gesundheitsförderung und räumlicher Planung die Anerkennung von Gesundheit als Gegenstand des kommunalen Handelns und die Berücksichtigung gesundheitlicher Belange in kommunalen Entscheidungs- und Planungsprozessen begünstigen oder erschweren und somit eine gesundheitsfördernde Kommunalentwicklung unterstützen oder ihr entgegenstehen.
Entangled Matter-waves for Quantum Enhanced Sensing
Creators: name: Wilson, John Drew
name: Reilly, Jarrod T.
name: Zhang, Haoqing
name: Luo, Chengyi
name: Chu, Anjun
name: Thompson, James K.
name: Rey, Ana Maria
name: Holland, Murray J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to create and harness entanglement is crucial to the fields of quantum sensing and simulation, and ultracold atom-cavity systems offer pristine platforms for this undertaking. Here, we present a method for creating and controlling entanglement between solely the motional states of atoms in a cavity without the need for electronic interactions. We show this interaction arises from a general atom-cavity model, and discuss the role of the cavity frequency shift in response to atomic motion. This cavity response leads to many different squeezing interactions between the atomic momentum states. Furthermore, we show that when the atoms form a density grating, the collective motion leads to one-axis twisting, a many-body energy gap, and metrologically useful entanglement even in the presence of noise. Noteably, an experiment has recently demonstrated this regime leads to an effective momentum-exchange interaction between atoms in a common cavity mode. This system offers a highly tunable, many-body quantum sensor and simulator.
Hofmann-Mislove through the Lenses of Priestley
Creators: name: Bezhanishvili, G.
name: Melzer, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18F70, 06D22

description: We use Priestley duality to give a new proof of the Hofmann-Mislove Theorem.
The significance of matter coupling in f(R) gravity
Creators: name: Sotiriou, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The way one chooses to couple gravity to matter is an essential characteristic of any gravitational theory. In theories where the gravitational field is allowed to have more degrees of freedom than those of General Relativity (e.g. scalar-tensor theory, f(R) gravity) this issue often becomes even more important. We concentrate here on f(R) gravity treated within the Palatini variational principle and discuss how the coupling between matter and the extra degrees of freedom of gravity (the independent connections in our case) affects not only the resulting phenomenology but even the geometrical meaning of fundamental fields.
description: Talk given at the 11th Marcel Grossman Meeting, Berlin, Germany, 23-29 Jul 2006
Stability of the Hartree-Fock model with temperature
Creators: name: Dolbeault, Jean
name: Felmer, Patricio
name: Lewin, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q40; 81V45; 47G20; 81Q10; 82B10

description: This paper is devoted to the Hartree-Fock model with temperature in the euclidean space. For large classes of free energy functionals, minimizers are obtained as long as the total charge of the system does not exceed a threshold which depends on the temperature. The usual Hartree-Fock model is recovered in the zero temperature limit. An orbital stability result for the Cauchy problem is deduced from the variational approach.
Measurement of the polarizations of prompt and non-prompt J/$ψ$ and $ψ$(2S) mesons produced in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polarizations of prompt and non-prompt J$/ψ$ and $ψ$(2S) mesons are measured in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV, using data samples collected by the CMS experiment in 2017 and 2018, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 103.3 fb$^{-1}$. Based on the analysis of the dimuon decay angular distributions in the helicity frame, the polar anisotropy, $λ_θ$, is measured as a function of the transverse momentum, $p_\mathrm{T}$, of the charmonium states, in the 25-120 and 20-100 GeV ranges for the J$/ψ$ and $ψ$(2S), respectively. The non-prompt polarizations agree with predictions based on the hypothesis that, for $p_\mathrm{T}$ $\gtrsim$ 25 GeV, the non-prompt J$/ψ$ and $ψ$(2S) are predominantly produced in two-body B meson decays. The prompt results clearly exclude strong transverse polarizations, even for $p_\mathrm{T}$ exceeding 30 times the J$/ψ$ mass, where $λ_θ$ tends to an asymptotic value around 0.3. Taken together with previous measurements, by CMS and LHCb at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV, the prompt polarizations show a significant variation with $p_\mathrm{T}$, at low $p_\mathrm{T}$.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/BPH-22-009 (CMS Public Pages)