cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Trust in Government and Effective Nuclear Safety Governance in Great Britain
Creators: name: Lam, J.
name: Li, V.
name: Reiner, D.
name: Han, Y.
name: Wang, S.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2018
Subjects: Nuclear power
risk perceptions
government trust
nuclear safety governance

description: Nuclear power can play a role in reducing CO2 emissions and improving energy security. Public attitudes to nuclear safety governance will be critical in whether a large-scale rollout of nuclear power will be successful, so we commissioned a survey of 1,007 members of the British public to understand the determinants of such views. In particular, we focus on the role of trust in government, which has been largely neglected as a subject of study. We find that higher risk perceptions of new nuclear power technologies is associated with lower overall government trustworthiness, while higher engagement levels, being male and intentions to vote Conservative increase trustworthiness. Risk perceptions towards old and the new nuclear technologies do not differ significantly, which raises questions about the view that newer defence-in-depth nuclear technologies can reduce public fear of nuclear power. To build public trust, the UK government must demonstrate its trustworthiness in nuclear safety governance, especially along the dimensions of integrity, reliability and openness. Further, improving stakeholder engagement and thus increasing the levels of public satisfaction towards the government are necessary. Our novel research methodology of determining government trustworthiness in relation to public risk perceptions, technical knowledge, and stakeholder engagement is more broadly applicable and can be transferred to other subject areas and to countries where public concerns over nuclear safety and energy security are significant.
Questionable Arguments for the Correctness of Perturbation Theory in Non-Abelian Models
Creators: name: Patrascioiu, Adrian
name: Seiler, Erhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the arguments put forward recently by Niedermayer et al in favor of the correctness of conventional perturbation theory in non-Abelian models and supposedly showing that our super-instanton counterexample was sick. We point out that within their own set of assumptions, the proof of Niedermayer et al regarding the correctness of perturbation theory is incorrect and provide a correct proof under more restrictive assumptions. We reply also to their claim that the S-matrix bootstrap approach of Balog et al supports the existence of asymptotic freedom in the O(3) model.
description: 9 pages
Integration and interpretation of genomic information for the clinical care of solid neoplasms
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 111201 Cancer Cell Biology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111202 Cancer Diagnosis
subject: 111203 Cancer Genetics

description: Proposal for the integration of pathology and genomic data for the care of solid neoplasm. The proposal is systematic, general in its approach, and based on domains of knowledge. The layers of genomic interpretation of acquired capabilities of neoplasms involved in tumor progression, the impact of genetic alteration and the interactions need to be included, along with the general pathology findings of grading, proliferation-necrosis, extension, invasion capacity, and lymphatic or vascular invasion. A combined analysis should lead to risk analysis for diagnosis, prognosis, treatment response prediction.
Photoproduction of $η_c$ in NRQCD
Creators: name: Hao, Li-Kun
name: Yuan, Feng
name: Chao, Kuang-Ta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation for the photoproduction of $η_c$ under the framework of NRQCD factorization formalism. We find a quite unique feature that the color-singlet contribution to this process vanishes at not only the leading order but also the next to leading order perturbative QCD calculations and that the dominant contribution comes from the color-octet ${}^1S_0^{(8)}$ subprocess. The nonperturbative color-octet matrix element of ${}^1S_0^{(8)}$ of $η_c$ is related to that of ${}^3S_1^{(8)}$ of $J/ψ$ by the heavy quark spin symmetry, and the latter can be determined from the direct production of $J/ψ$ at large transverse momentum at the Fermilib Tevatron. We then conclude that the measurement of this process may clarify the existing conflict between the color-octet prediction and the experimental result on the $J/ψ$ photoprodution.
description: 11 pages, revtex, 4 ps figures
Anomalous dimension of subleading-power ${N}$-jet operators II
Creators: name: Beneke, Martin
name: Garny, Mathias
name: Szafron, Robert
name: Wang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue the investigation of the anomalous dimension of subleading-power $N$-jet operators. In this paper, we focus on the operators with fermion number one in each collinear direction, corresponding to quark (antiquark) initiated jets in QCD. We investigate the renormalization effects induced by the soft loop and compute the one-loop mixing of time-ordered products involving power-suppressed SCET Lagrangian insertions into $N$-jet currents through soft loops. We discuss fermion number conservation in collinear directions and provide explicit results for the collinear anomalous dimension matrix of the currents. The Feynman rules for the power-suppressed SCET interactions in the position-space formalism are collected in an appendix.
description: 44 pages + appendices
Phase Diagram for Splay Glass Superconductivity
Creators: name: Devereaux, T. P.
name: Scalettar, R. T.
name: Zimanyi, G. T.
name: Moon, K.
name: Loh, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Localization of flux lines to splayed columnar pins is studied. A sine-Gordon type renormalization group study reveals the existence of a Splay glass phase and yields an analytic form for the transition temperature into the glass phase. As an independent test, the $I-V$ characteristics are determined via a Molecular Dynamics code. The glass transition temperature supports the RG results convincingly. The full phase diagram of the model is constructed.
description: 14 pages, uuencoded compressed tar file with 3 postscript figures
Unintended consequences: The snowball effect of energy communities
Creators: name: Abada, I.
name: Ehrenmann, A.
name: Lambin, X.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2018
Subjects: Energy communities
Cooperative game theory
Non-cooperative game theory
Decentralized power production
Consumer participation
Micro-grids

description: Following the development of decentralized generation and smart appliances, energy communities have become a phenomenon of increased interest. While the benefits of such communities have been discussed, there is increasing concern that inadequate grid tariffs may lead to excess adoption of such business models. Furthermore, snowball effects may be observed following the effects these communities have on grid tariffs. We show that restraining the study to a simple cost-benefit analysis is far from satisfactory. Therefore, we use the framework of cooperative game theory to take account of the ability of communities to share gains between members. The interaction between energy communities and the DSO then results in a non-cooperative equilibrium. We provide mathematical formulations and intuitions of such effects, and carry out realistic numerical applications where communities can invest jointly in solar panels and batteries. We show that such a snowball effect may be observed, but its magnitude and its welfare effects will depend on the grid tariff structure that is implemented, leading to possible PV over-investments.
State of the art in tree dormancy; a blueprint for future research and modeling
Creators: name: Whitney, Cory
name: Luedeling, Eike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 70101 Agricultural Land Management
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences
subject: 70102 Agricultural Land Planning
subject: 70103 Agricultural Production Systems Simulation
subject: 70104 Agricultural Spatial Analysis and Modelling
subject: 70105 Agricultural Systems Analysis and Modelling
subject: 70301 Agro-ecosystem Function and Prediction
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries
subject: 70106 Farm Management, Rural Management and Agribusiness
subject: 70602 Horticultural Crop Improvement (Selection and Breeding)
subject: 70601 Horticultural Crop Growth and Development
subject: 70603 Horticultural Crop Protection (Pests, Diseases and Weeds)
subject: 70699 Horticultural Production not elsewhere classified
subject: 70108 Sustainable Agricultural Development
subject: 70507 Tree Improvement (Selection and Breeding)
subject: 50101 Ecological Impacts of Climate Change
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Past generations of dormancy models have immensely supported fruit and nut producers around the world, but it is clear that there is still a lot of room for improvement. Current dormancy modeling approaches perform poorly in many contexts (especially in warm growing regions), and may not be accurate enough to prepare growers for the impacts of climate change, which will hit our industry over the coming decades. Recent advances in many scientific disciplines have produced insights into the dormancy processes that the current models do not consider. It is therefore time to take stock of what is known and to synthesize this knowledge into a new roadmap for modeling tree dormancy.
title: Examining the Digital Disability Divide in Higher Education
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2019

description: The number of students with disabilities pursuing higher education is increasing (Madaus, Kowitt, & Lalor, 2012; Sachs & Schreuer, 2011). However, the research related to this population is sparse (Peña, 2014), particularly regarding technology (L. Newman, Browne-Yung, Raghavendra, Wood & Grace, 2017). The current study examines the technology attitudes, technology usage, and learning environment preferences of students with disabilities, as well as their perception of institutional support for accessible technology. This study was a secondary analysis using data from the 2016 Educause Center for Analysis and Research (ECAR) Student and Technology survey. A point biserial correlation analysis was conducted to establish the relationships between technology attitude, usage, and learning environment preference. A discriminant analysis was used to compare students with and without disabilities on these variables. Finally, a hierarchical regression was used to examine which student characteristics contribute to the ratings of institutional support for accessible technology by students with disabilities. Results of the study showed that students with disabilities differ from students without disabilities in terms of learning environment preferences, the use of technology as a distraction, and attitude toward technology. The hierarchical regression indicated that gender, ethnicity, declared major, technology attitude, social and academic technology use, and learning environment preference contribute to predicting students’ ratings of institutional technology support.
Neutrinos: A Glimpse Beyond the Standard Model
Creators: name: Ramond, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After a review of the early history of neutrinos and their detection, we analyze the different types of models that extend the standard model to massive neutrinos. We emphasize the generic nature of maximal mixing between muon and tau neutrinos, given simple assumptions based on grand unification.
description: Latex, 11 pages. Invited Talk at Neutrino-98, Takayama, Japan, June 1998, to appear in Proceedings. Uses article.sty
Galactic cartography with SkyMapper: I. Population sub-structure and the stellar number density of the inner halo
Creators: name: Wan, Zhen
name: Kafle, Prajwal R.
name: Lewis, Geraint F.
name: Mackey, Dougal
name: Sharma, Sanjib
name: Ibata, Rodrigo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stars within our Galactic halo presents a snapshot of its ongoing growth and evolution, probing galaxy formation directly. Here, we present our first analysis of the stellar halo from detailed maps of Blue Horizontal Branch (BHB) stars drawn from the SkyMapper Southern Sky Survey. To isolate candidate BHB stars from the overall population, we develop a machine-learning approach through the application of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN), resulting in a relatively pure sample of target stars. From this, we derive the absolute $u$ magnitude for the BHB sample to be $\sim2\ mag$, varying slightly with $(v-g)_0$ and $(u-v)_0$ colours. We examine the BHB number density distribution from 5272 candidate stars, deriving a double power-law with a break radius of $r_s = 11.8\pm0.3\ kpc$, and inner and outer slopes of $α_{in} = -2.5\pm0.1$ and $α_{out} = -4.5\pm0.3$ respectively. Through isochrone fitting of simulated BHB stars, we find a colour-age/metallicity correlation, with older/more metal-poor stars being bluer, and establish a parameter to indicate this age (or metallicity) variation. Using this, we construct the three-dimensional population distribution of BHB stars in the halo and identify significant substructure. Finally, in agreement with previous studies, we also identify a systemic age/metallicity shift spanning $\sim3\ kpc$ to $ \sim20\ kpc$ in galactocentric distance.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures. Accepted in MNRAS
title: An Investigation of Machine Learning Techniques for Use in Training Agents for Military Simulations
Creators: name: Hieb, Michael R.
name: Pullen, J. Mark
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Computer generated forces (CGF)
subject: Simulations
subject: Agent-Disciple
subject: Modular semi-automated forces (ModSAF)

description: Agents assist users with performing tasks in computer-based applications. The current practice of building an agent involves a developer programming it for each task it must perform, but agents constructed in this manner are difficult to modify and cannot be trained by a user. Agent- Disciple is a system for training instructable agents through user-agent interaction. In Agent-Disciple a user trains an instructable agent through the interface of the user’s application by providing specific examples of tasks and their solutions, explanations of these solutions and supervises the agent as it performs new tasks. We report here on our work that uses Agent-Disciple to provide a learning agent that can command simulated military forces. Military simulations currently have many limitations in modeling human behavior. While it is relatively straightforward to build models of doctrine, it is difficult to have agents utilize this doctrine in varying contexts. There are too many factors to consider when building deterministic models of behavior, even in well-defined situations. We applied Agent-Disciple to circumvent this problem by using heuristic learning methods. A case study is presented in developing an instructable Company Commander Agent for the Modular Semi-Automated Forces (ModSAF) simulation – a state-of-the-art, real-time, distributed interactive military simulation currently utilized in large-scale training exercises. A ModSAF user can train the Company Commander Agent interactively, using the ModSAF interface, to perform various military missions using the Captain system based on Agent-Disciple. A training session with the agent illustrates the different types of learning interactions available in Agent-Disciple.
A scalable method to find the shortest path in a graph with circuits of memristors
Creators: name: Mizrahi, Alice
name: Marsh, Thomas
name: Hoskins, Brian
name: Stiles, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Finding the shortest path in a graph has applications to a wide range of optimization problems. However, algorithmic methods scale with the size of the graph in terms of time and energy. We propose a method to solve the shortest path problem using circuits of nanodevices called memristors and validate it on graphs of different sizes and topologies. It is both valid for an experimentally derived memristor model and robust to device variability. The time and energy of the computation scale with the length of the shortest path rather than with the size of the graph, making this method particularly attractive for solving large graphs with small path lengths.
Number of branches in diffusion-limited aggregates: The skeleton
Creators: name: Schwarzer, Stefan
name: Havlin, Shlomo
name: Ossadnik, Peter
name: Stanley, H. Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the skeleton algorithm to define the number of main branches $N_b$ of diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) clusters. The skeleton algorithm provides a systematic way to remove dangling side branches of the DLA cluster and has successfully been applied to study the ramification properties of percolation. We study the skeleton of comparatively large ($\approx 10^6$ sites) off-lattice DLA clusters in two, three and four spatial dimensions. We find that initially with increasing distance from the cluster seed the number of branches increases in all dimensions. In two dimensions, the increase in the number of branches levels off at larger distances, indicating a fixed number of $N_b = 7.5\pm 1.5$ main branches of DLA. In contrast, in three and four dimensions, the skeleton continues to ramify strongly as one proceeds from the cluster center outward, and we find no indication of a constant number of main branches. Likewise, we find no indication for a fixed $N_b$ in a study of DLA on the Cayley tree. In two dimensions, we find strong corrections to scaling of logarithmic character, which can help to explain recently reported deviations from self-similar behavior.
description: 21 pages REVTEX, postscript figures separately, 'tar'ed, compressed and uuencoded - alternatively e-mail 'stefan@pmmh.espci.fr' for hardcopies or preprint
Simulation and Evaluation of Zonal Electricity Market Designs
Creators: name: Hesamzadeh, M.
name: Holmberg, P.
name: Sarfati, M.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2018
Subjects: Two-stage game
Zonal pricing
Wholesale electricity market
Bilinear programming

description: Zonal pricing with countertrading (a market-based redispatch) gives arbitrage opportunities to the power producers located in the export-constrained nodes. They can increase their profit by increasing the output in the day-ahead market and decrease it in the real-time market (the inc-dec game). We show that this leads to large inefficiencies in a standard zonal market. We also show how the inefficiencies can be significantly mitigated by changing the design of the real-time market. We consider a two-stage game with oligopoly producers, wind-power shocks and real-time shocks. The game is formulated as a two-stage stochastic equilibrium problem with equilibrium constraints (EPEC), which we recast into a two-stage stochastic Mixed-Integer Bilinear Program (MIBLP). We present numerical results for a six-node and the IEEE 24-node system.
The impact of PVs and EVs on Domestic Electricity Network Charges: a case study from Great Britain
Creators: name: Küfeoglu, Sinan
name: Pollitt, Michael
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2018
Subjects: distribution
network
tariff
PV
EV

description: Electric power distribution network charges have become a popular area of study for regulators, industry and academia. Increasing use of photovoltaics (PVs) and electric vehicles (EVs) by domestic customers has created concerns about the fairness of the current tariff structure. Proposing a tariff design, which will be cost reflective, transparent, sustainable, economically efficient is socially desirable. Wealth transfer through electricity distribution tariffs is a major concern for energy regulators. This paper aims to analyse the current distribution network tariffs faced by four main household customer groups in Great Britain - defined as those who own a PV and an EV, those with EV but no PV, those with PV but no EV and finally those with neither EV nor PV – under various uptake scenarios for EVs and PVs. We illustrate the impact on household tariffs for the most and least expensive British network operators, namely London Power Networks and Scottish Hydro Electric Power Distribution. The results show that, due to the current network charges calculation structure, as PV penetration increases, the distribution tariffs increase for all customers regardless of whether someone owns a PV or not. On the other hand, as EV penetration increases, the distribution tariffs decrease for all customer groups. Another key finding is that the distribution tariffs in Great Britain are EV dominated and the future EV and PV penetration projections indicate that the distribution tariffs will likely decrease for all customers in Great Britain.
title: Newspaper Column: Performing Arts Bloom at RCC
Creators: name: Nicoson, William J.
Publisher: name: The Connection
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Reston (Va.)
subject: Reston (VA) Community Center (RCC)
subject: Gordon, Leila
subject: Lake Anne

description: PDF file distilled from original WordPerfect document. Original size 11" x 8.5".
description: The stage at Reston Community Center is as well-trod by actors, dancers, and musicians as any stage a poet might celebrate. Better still, the seats facing the stage have recently become increasingly well-occupied and the theater treasury increasingly well-nourished. I talked about this happy phenomenon with Leila Gordon, RCC’s Performing Arts Director. She told me that attendance in the ‘97-‘98 season increased by 9% over ‘96-‘97, and estimated that ‘98-‘99 attendance would be 20% above ‘96-‘97. I expressed surprise at gains in attendance during the height of renovation of Hunters Woods Center, which deprived RCC of convenient parking during development. Leila Gordon thought getting to RCC performances became an adventurous challenge which in the end was turned to RCC’s advantage by both loyalty and curiosity.
Aspects of Soft and Spontaneous CP Violation
Creators: name: Frampton, Paul H.
name: Harada, Masayasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study four different models for CP violation: the standard (KM) model, the aspon model of spontaneous breaking and two models of soft breaking. In all except the standard model, the strong CP problem is addressed and solved. Testable predictions for the area of the unitarity triangle and for (epsilon'/epsilon)_K are emphasized. The issue of CP violation may well become the first place where the standard model of particle theory is shown definitively to be deficient. There are two reasons for expecting this to happen: (1) the strong CP problem is still not understood in the unadorned standard model and (2) the KM mechanism, although unquestionably present, may not provide the full explanation of epsilon_K and (epsilon'/epsilon)_K.
description: 24 pages LaTeX including 4 figures. Minor modification to analysis of lower bound for d_n, summarized in new Table II
Probing the rotational velocity of Galactic WO stars with spectropolarimetry
Creators: name: Stevance, H. F.
name: Ignace, R.
name: Crowther, P. A.
name: Maund, J. R.
name: Davies, B.
name: Rate, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oxygen sequence Wolf-Rayet stars (WO) are thought to be the final evolution phase of some high mass stars, as such they may be the progenitors of type Ic SNe as well as potential progenitors of broad-lined Ic and long gamma-ray bursts. We present the first spectropolarimetric observations of the Galactic WO stars WR93b and WR102 obtained with FORS1 on the VLT. We find no sign of a line effect, which could be expected if these stars were rapid rotators. We also place constraints on the amplitude of a potentially undetected line effect. This allows us to derive upper limits on the possible intrinsic continuum polarisation, and find P$_{\rm cont}$ < 0.077 percent and P$_{\rm cont}$ < 0.057 percent for WR93b and WR102, respectively. Furthermore, we derive upper limits on the rotation of our WO stars by considering our results in the context of the wind compression effect. We estimate that for an edge-on case the rotational velocity of WR93b is v$_{\rm rot}$ < 324 km/s while for WR102 v$_{\rm rot}$ < 234 km/s. These correspond to values of v$_{\rm rot}$/v$_{\rm crit}$ <19 percent and <10 percent, respectively, and values of log(j)<18.0 cm$^2$/s for WR93b and <17.6 cm^2 /s for WR102. The upper limits found on v$_{\rm rot}$/v$_{\rm crit}$ and log(j) for our WO stars are therefore similar to the estimates calculated for Galactic WR stars that do show a line effect. Therefore, although the presence of a line effect in single WR stars is indicative of fast rotation, the absence of a line effect does not rule out significant rotation, even when considering the edge-on scenario.
description: Accepted for Publication in MNRAS (9 pages, 3 figures)
title: Survey: National Parks Service, "Historic American Building Survey Inventory: Brown's Chapel," July 13, 1970
Creators: name: National Parks Service
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Reston (Va.)
subject: Brown's Chapel

description: Textual: survey; copy, 11" x 8.5" (29.7 cm x 21.6 cm)
description: Survey from the National Parks Service entitled "Historic American Building Survey Inventory: Brown's Chapel" dated July 13, 1970. This survey is a copy of the National Parks Service Historic American Building Survey Inventory of Brown's Chapel, which is located in Reston, Virginia. This paper discusses the state of the structure, history of the building, and its current owner. Planned Community Archives Collection, 012.14
title: Atomistic Scale Investigation of Thermal Stability, Cluster Dynamics and Microstructural Evolution of Immiscible Cu-Ta Alloys
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2019

description: Nanocrystalline immiscible Cu-Ta alloys produced by mechanical alloying emerged as a new class of material for high temperature and high strength applications. The extraordinary structural stability of this alloy is believed to be due to the eect of precipitated Ta nanoclusters on thermodynamics and mobility of internal interfaces, primarily grain boundaries (GBs). In order to better understand this eect, we studied the interaction of Ta clusters with individual GBs driven by applied shear stress and capillary force. The atomistic simulations provided strong evidence that the experimentally found extraordinary grain size stabilization in Cu-Ta alloys is dominated by the kinetic factor associated with the Zener pinning of GBs by Ta clusters. Also, the eect of solute drag at GBs in a random solution is not as strong as cluster pinning. A moving GB in the random solution displays a stop-and-go character of motion precipitating a set of Ta clusters due to short circuit Ta diusion in the GB core. Moreover, atomistic simulations conrmed that small Ta clusters have FCC structure and remain at least partially coherent with the Cu matrix. As the cluster size increases, it becomes incoherent and emits mist dislocations into the matrix. At higher temperatures, the lattice mist between the Ta clusters and the matrix decreases, promoting better coherency. The core-shell Ta clusters observed in experiments can be explained with the redistribution and the crystallization of Cu and Ta atoms in a Ta rich amorphous solution. Simulated deformation and creep tests conducted under tension and compression have shown that the Ta clusters eectively suppress the grain boundary mechanisms of plastic deformation, such as sliding and grain rotation. The Ta clusters also inhibit deformationinduced grain growth and suppress the operation of dislocation sources inside the grains leading to high strength and structural stability. The strain rate sensitivity parameter of Cu-Ta alloy exhibits a limited rate of strain hardening even when subjected to temperatures as high as 80% of melting point (1327 K) where pure nanocrystalline Cu becomes unstable and undergoes rapid grain growth. We observed that creep in Cu-Ta alloy is governed by atomic diusion with the stress exponent 3.78, while this value predicts dislocation based creep mechanism in pure nanomaterials.
The structure of the exact effective action and the quark confinement in MSSM QCD
Creators: name: Stepanyantz, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An expression for the exact (nonperturbative) effective action of $N$=1 supersymmetric gauge theories is proposed, supposing, that all particles except for the gauge bosons are massive. Analysis of its form shows, that instanton effects in the supersymmetric theories can lead to the quark confinement. The typical scale of confinement in MSSM QCD, calculated from the first principles, is in agreement with the experimental data. The proposed explanation is quite different from the dual Higgs mechanism.
description: Final version to appear in Sov.J.Nucl.Phys. Some insignificant errors and misprints are corrected
title: Digital Campus Podcast - Episode 27 – All Atwitter
Creators: name: Center For History And New Media
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2008

description: Originally published by the Center for History and New Media through the Digital Campus podcast (http://digitalcampus.tv). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/).
description: As Dan finally buckles under and joins in the most hyped Web 2.0 site of the moment, Twitter, Tom and Mills join him to debate the merits—and demerits—of the “microblogging” craze. Do services like Twitter merely increase the distractions and noise from the web, or might they be helpful for communication and community building in [...]
Renegotiation of Trade Agreements and Firm Exporting Decisions: Evidence from the Impact of Brexit on UK Exports
Creators: name: Crowley, Meredith A.
name: Exton, O.
name: Han, L.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2018

description: The renegotiation of a trade agreement introduces uncertainty into the economic environment. In June 2016 the British electorate unexpectedly voted to leave the European Union, introducing a new era in which the UK and EU began to renegotiate the terms of the UK-EU trading relationship. We exploit this natural experiment to estimate the impact of uncertainty associated with trade agreement re-negotiation on the export participation decision of firms in the UK. Starting from the Handley and Limão (2017) model of exporting under trade policy uncertainty, we derive testable predictions of firm entry into (exit from) a foreign market under an uncertain 'renegotiation regime'. Empirically, we develop measures of the trade policy uncertainty facing firms exporting from the UK to the EU after June 2016. Using the universe of UK export transactions at the firm and product level and cross-sectional variation in 'threat point' tariffs, we estimate that in 2016 over 5200 firms did not enter into exporting new products to the EU, whilst almost 4000 firms exited from exporting products to the EU. Entry (exit) in 2016 would have been 5.1% higher (4.3% lower) if firms exporting from the UK to the EU had not faced increased trade policy uncertainty after June 2016.
title: Correspondence: Dora Mae Heckman and C. Harrison Mann, Jr.; March 6, 1969-March 18, 1969
Creators: name: Heckman, Dora Mae
name: Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mass transit

description: Letter A: handwritten signed, 8" x 10" half folded (20.3cm x 25.4cm); Letter B: typescript unsigned, 8.5" x 11" (21.6cm x 27.9cm)
description: Correspondence between Dora Mae Heckman and C. Harrison Mann, Jr. regarding the proposed Three Sisters Bridge and rapid transit rail for the Washington, DC metro area. C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Collection. 3.22
Regional Differences in Economic Impacts of Power Outages in Finland
Creators: name: Gunduz, N
name: Kufeoglu, S.
name: Winzer, C.
name: Lehtonen, M.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2018
Subjects: electric power outages
security of supply
customers
interruption
cost
DSO
compensation

description: Estimating the worth of continuity of electricity supply is of interest to industry, governments, regulators and the research community. There are numerous methods to calculate the Customer Interruption Costs (CICs). Each method has its advantages and disadvantages. We approach the problem from the Distribution System Operator (DSO) point of view and employ two existing analytical models. One model is used by the Finnish Energy Market Authority and the second one was proposed by some of the authors in a previous study. Our model offers a simple and straightforward methodology which can provide credible and objective estimations utilizing only publicly available analytical data. We made use of cost and reliability indices data of 78 DSOs in Finland from the 2016. In addition to cost estimations, we highlight regional differences in CIC estimations in different parts of Finland and provide a critical overview of the existing standard customer compensation scheme in Finland.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.1 (début XIIIe siècle), Cart. 166 (11 H 64), 136 folios, f. 0007r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.1 (début XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 166 (11 H 64), 136 folios, f. 0007r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.1 (début XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 166 (11 H 64), 136 folios, f. 0007r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Shadow Pricing of Electric Power Interruptions for Distribution System Operators in Finland
Creators: name: Kufeoglu, S.
name: Gunduz, N.
name: Chen, H.
name: Lehtonen, M.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2018
Subjects: power interruption
distribution system operator
interruption cost
shadow price

description: Increasing distributed generation and intermittency, along with the increasing frequency of extreme weather events, pose a serious challenge supply security in the electric power sector. Understanding the costs of interruption is vital for enhancing power system infrastructure and planning the distribution grid. Customer rights and demand response are additional reasons to study the value of power reliability. We make use of the directional distance function and shadow pricing method for a case study from Finland with the aim of calculating the cost of one minute of power interruption from the perspective of the distribution network operator. The sample consists of 78 distribution network operators from Finland based on cost and network information between 2013 and 2015.
The First Glitch in a Central Compact Object Pulsar: 1E 1207.4-5209
Creators: name: Gotthelf, E. V.
name: Halpern, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since its discovery as a pulsar in 2000, the central compact object (CCO) 1E 1207.4-5209 in the supernova remnant PKS 1209-51/52 had been a stable 0.424 s rotator with an extremely small spin-down rate and weak (Bs ~ 9E10 G) surface dipole magnetic field. In 2016 we observed a glitch from 1E 1207.4-5209 of at least Delta f/f = (2.8+/-0.4)E-9, which is typical in size for the general pulsar population. However, glitch activity is closely correlated with spin-down rate fdot, and pulsars with fdot as small as that of 1E 1207.4-5209 are never seen to glitch. Unlike in glitches of ordinary pulsars, there may have been a large increase in fdot as well. The thermal X-ray spectrum of 1E 1207.4-5209, with its unique cyclotron absorption lines that measure the surface magnetic field strength, did not show any measurable change after the glitch, which rules out a major disruption in the dipole field as a cause or result of the glitch. A leading theory of the origin and evolution of CCOs, involving prompt burial of the magnetic field by fall-back of supernova ejecta, might hold the explanation for the glitch.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables; Latex, emulateapj style; accepted for publication in ApJ
Monopoles and deconfinement transition in SU(2) lattice gauge theory
Creators: name: Damm, G.
name: Kerler, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate SU(2) lattice gauge theory in four dimensions in the maximally abelian projection. Studying the effects on different lattice sizes we show that the deconfinement transition of the fields and the percolation transition of the monopole currents in the three space dimensions are precisely related. To arrive properly at this result the uses of a mathematically sound characterization of the occurring networks of monopole currents and of an appropriate method of gauge fixing turn out to be crucial. In addition we investigate detailed features of the monopole structure in time direction.
description: 16 pages, LaTeX, 4 figures
Utilities Governance, Incentives, and Performance: Evidence from the Water Sector in India
Creators: name: Nyathikala, S.
name: Jamasb, T.
name: Llorca, M.
name: Kulshrestha, M.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2018
Subjects: Governance and regulation
socioeconomic and environmental performance
stochastic frontier analysis
sustainability
urban water supply in India

description: Network utilities across the world are subject to regulation and political scrutiny. In developing countries, managing the trade-offs between socioeconomic and environmental objectives in public water and energy utilities is particularly challenging. These industries share important underlying technical and economic features. Therefore, many economic, governance, and policy lessons are transferable across these sectors. In India, the water sector suffers from mounting financial losses, lack of access, and poor quality of service. There is a dearth of literature on the multi-faceted nature of utility performance related to water utilities. We examine the socioeconomic and environmental aspects of urban water supply in India. We use a stochastic frontier analysis approach and distance functions to analyse the performance of 304 urban water supply utilities in three Indian states during the period 2010-2015. The results suggest that incentive-based economic reform and regulation would help the utilities improve their performance. More specifically measures to improve cost recovery, billing efficiency and reduce losses would help the utilities to enhance service delivery, expand coverage and induce efficiency in the sector. The results also show the dependence of water utilities on groundwater sources which is unsustainable in the long run. We highlight the need for designing economic incentives to improve the performance of utilities and enable them to achieve social and sustainability objectives.
Auxiliary Likelihood-Based Approximate Bayesian Computation in State Space Models
Creators: name: Martin, Gael M.
name: McCabe, Brendan P. M.
name: Frazier, David T.
name: Worapree Maneesoonthorn
name: Robert, Christian P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: A computationally simple approach to inference in state space models is proposed, using approximate Bayesian computation (ABC). ABC avoids evaluation of an intractable likelihood by matching summary statistics for the observed data with statistics computed from data simulated from the true process, based on parameter draws from the prior. Draws that produce a “match” between observed and simulated summaries are retained, and used to estimate the inaccessible posterior. With no reduction to a low-dimensional set ofsufficient statistics being possible in the state space setting, we define the summaries as the maximum of an auxiliary likelihood function, and thereby exploit the asymptotic sufficiency of this estimator for the auxiliary parameter vector. We derive conditions under which this approach—including a computationally efficient version based on the auxiliary score—achieves Bayesian consistency. To reduce the well-documented inaccuracy of ABC in multiparameter settings, we propose the separate treatment of each parameter dimension using an integrated likelihood technique. Three stochastic volatility models for which exact Bayesian inference is either computationally challenging, or infeasible, are used for illustration. We demonstrate that our approach compares favorably against an extensive set of approximate and exact comparators. An empirical illustration completes the article. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Photon-Proton and Photon-Photon Scattering from Nucleon-Nucleon Forward Amplitudes
Creators: name: Block, M. M.
name: Gregores, E. M.
name: Halzen, F.
name: Pancheri, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the data on $γp$ and $γγ$ interactions can be derived from the $pp$ and $\bar p p$ forward scattering amplitudes using vector meson dominance and the additive quark model. The nucleon-nucleon data are parameterized using a model where high energy cross sections rise with energy as a consequence of the increasing numbers of soft partons populating the colliding particles. We present detailed descriptions of the data on the total and elastic cross sections, the ratio of the real to imaginary part of the forward scattering amplitude, and on the slope of the differential cross sections for $pp$, $\bar p p$, $γp$, $γγ$, $γp \to γV$ and $γγ\to V_i V_j$ reactions, where $V= ρ, ω, ϕ$. We make a wide range of predictions for future HERA and LHC experiments and for $γγ$ measurements at LEP.
description: 37 pages, Latex2.09, uses epsfig.sty, 27 postscript figures
Strategic behaviour in a capacity market? The new Irish electricity market design
Creators: name: Teirilä, J.
name: Ritz, Robert
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2018
Subjects: capacity market
strategic behaviour
competitive benchmark analysis
restructured electricity market
auction design

description: The transition to a low-carbon power system requires growing the share of generation from (intermittent) renewables while ensuring security of supply. Policymakers and economists increasingly see a capacity mechanism as a way to deal with this challenge. Yet this raises new concerns about the exercise of market power by large players via the capacity auction. We present a new modelling approach that captures such strategic behaviour together with a set of ex ante empirical estimates for the new Irish electricity market design (I-SEM) – in which a single firm controls 44% of generation capacity (excluding wind). We find significant costs of strategic behaviour, even with new entry: In our baseline scenarios, procurement costs in the capacity auction are around 150-400 million EUR (or 40-100%) above the competitive least-cost solution. From a policy perspective, we also examine how market power can be measured and mitigated through auction design.
Resonant edge-site pumping of polaritonic Su-Schrieffer-Heeger lattices
Creators: name: Krivosenko, Yury
name: Iorsh, Ivan
name: Shelykh, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have theoretically investigated Su-Schrieffer-Heeger chains modelled as optical lattices (OL) loaded with exciton-polaritons. The chains have been subject to the resonant pumping of the edge site and shaken in either adiabatic or high-frequency regime. The topological state has been controlled by the relative phases of the lasers constructing the OL. The dynamic problem of the occupation of the lattice sites and eigenstates has been semi-classically solved. Finally, the analysis of the occupation numbers evolution has revealed that gapless, topologically trivial and non-trivial chain configurations demonstrate perceptible behaviour from both qualitative (occupation pattern) and quantitative (total occupation) points of view.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures