cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Growth Performance, Eating Behavior, Digestibility, Blood Metabolites, and Carcass Traits in Growing-Finishing Fat-Tailed Lambs Fed Different Levels of Dietary Neutral Detergent Fiber with High Rumen Undegradable Protein
Creators: name: Mirzaei-Alamouti, Hamidreza
name: Beiranvand, Azam
name: Abdollahi, Arman
name: Amanlou, Hamid
name: Patra, Amlan Kumar
name: Aschenbach, Jörg R.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: dietary fiber
subject: dietary protein
subject: eating behavior
subject: carcass
subject: lamb
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of decreasing concentrations of dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF) at high rumen undegradable protein (RUP) on performance, digestibility, chewing activity, blood attributes, and carcass characteristics in 32 weaned male Afshari lambs (90 days of age; 26 kg initial body weight; BW). Dietary metabolic energy (ME) was increased from 10.6–11.5 and 11.8 MJ/kg dry matter (DM) by replacing alfalfa hay with grain to achieve NDF concentrations of 270, 245, and 220 g/kg DM, respectively, at 66.6 g/kg DM of RUP. The control (CON) diet contained 10.9 MJ/kg ME, 270 g/kg NDF and 59.6 g/kg RUP on DM basis. Rations containedsimilar concentrations of crude protein (CP, 160 g/kg DM). Lambs were slaughtered after a 56-d feeding period. The increase in dietary RUP had no effect on BW and average daily gain (ADG) but tended to decrease apparent digestibility of CP and DM, significantlydecreasedplasma urea concentration, and increased carcass CP content. Other body or carcass characteristics were unchanged. Decreasing dietary fiber at high RUP did not result in adverse effects on BW, ADG, body length, withers height, apparent digestibility of DM and CP, and BFT, but decreased DM intake (1539 vs. 1706 g/d) and feed conversion ratio (FCR; 4.33 vs. 5.39) compared with CON. Gradual reduction in NDF and physically effective NDF did not affecteating, ruminating or chewing times. Plasma glucose concentration was greater for NDF220 than for the three other treatments (p = 0.015).Slaughtering traits were not affected by dietary treatment except for hot carcass weight, which increased in NDF220 and NDF245 compared with NDF270 (p = 0.021). The concentration of meat CP increased in NDF270 versus CON (167 vs. 152 g/kg). Quadratic effects occurred for meat ether extract concentration (highest in NDF220) and fat-tail weight (highest in NDF245). In conclusion, the results showed that increasing the proportion of RUP within dietary CP improves carcass protein accretion. Decreasing dietary NDF to 220 g/kg DM at high RUP does not impair eating behavior and improves FCR in 3-month-old fat-tailed lambs.
Early star-forming galaxies and the reionization of the Universe
Creators: name: Robertson, Brant E.
name: Ellis, Richard S.
name: Dunlop, James S.
name: McLure, Ross J.
name: Stark, Daniel P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Star forming galaxies represent a valuable tracer of cosmic history. Recent observational progress with Hubble Space Telescope has led to the discovery and study of the earliest-known galaxies corresponding to a period when the Universe was only ~800 million years old. Intense ultraviolet radiation from these early galaxies probably induced a major event in cosmic history: the reionization of intergalactic hydrogen. New techniques are being developed to understand the properties of these most distant galaxies and determine their influence on the evolution of the universe.
description: Review article appearing in Nature. This posting reflects a submitted version of the review formatted by the authors, in accordance with Nature publication policies. For the official, published version of the review, please see http://www.nature.com/nature/archive/index.html
The Southern Moroccan Dialects and the Hilāli Category
Creators: name: Francisco, Felipe Benjamin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Arabic dialectology
subject: Moroccan Arabic
subject: Essaouira
subject: Tafilalt
subject: southern Morocco
subject: Bedouin dialects
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: The aim of this paper is to review the classification of the southern Moroccan dialects, advancing on the general description of these varieties. Recent descriptive studies provided us with new sources on the linguistic reality of southern Morocco, shedding light on the status of dialects commonly classified as Bedouin or ‘Hilāli’ within the Maghrebi context. To do so, the paper highlights conservative and innovative features which characterize the dialects of the area, focusing mainly—but not exclusively—on the updated data for two distant localities in southern Morocco: Essaouira and its rural outskirts—the Chiadma territory (Aquermoud and Sīdi Īsḥāq)—and Tafilalt, in south-eastern Morocco. The southern dialects have been situated in an intermediary zone between pre-Hilāli and Hilāli categories for a long time. Discussing their situation may contribute to understanding what distinguishes them as a dialectal group and also the validity of the ‘Hilāli’ category in the Moroccan context.
Detection of the detached dust shell of U Antliae at mid-infrared wavelengths with AKARI/IRC
Creators: name: Arimatsu, Ko
name: Izumiura, Hideyuki
name: Ueta, Toshiya
name: Yamamura, Issei
name: Onaka, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report mid-infrared (MIR) imaging observations of the carbon star U Ant made with the Infrared Camera (IRC) on board AKARI. Subtraction of the artifacts and extended PSF of the central star reveals the detached dust shell around the carbon star at MIR wavelengths (15 and 24μm) for the first time. The observed radial brightness profiles of the MIR emission are well explained by two shells at 43" and 50" from the central star detected in optical scattered light observations. Combining Herschel/PACS, AKARI/FIS, and AKARI/IRC data, we obtain the infrared spectral energy distribution (SED) of the thermal emission from the detached shell of U Ant in a wide infrared spectral range of 15- 160 μm. Thermal emission of amorphous carbon grains with a single temperature cannot account for the observed SED from 15 to 160 μm: it underestimates the emission at 15 μm. Alternatively, the observed SED is fitted by the model that amorphous carbon grains in the two shells have different temperatures of 60 and 104 K, which allocates most dust mass in the shell at 50". This supports previous suggestion that the 43" shell is gas-rich and the 50" one is dust-rich. We suggest a possibility that the segregation of the gas and dust resulting from the drift motion of submicron-sized dust grains relative to the gas and that the hot dust component associated with the gas-rich shell is composed of very small grains that are strongly coupled with the gas.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
What Kinds of Accretion Disks Are There in the Nuclei of Radio Galaxies?
Creators: name: Kaburaki, Osamu
name: Nankou, Takanobu
name: Tamura, Naoya
name: Wajima, Kiyoaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It seems to be a widely accepted opinion that the types of accretion disks (or flows) generally realized in the nuclei of radio galaxies and in further lower mass-accretion rate nuclei are inner, hot, optically thin, radiatively inefficient accretion flows (RIAFs) surrounded by outer, cool, optically thick, standard type accretion disks. However, observational evidence for the existence of such outer cool disks in these nuclei is rather poor. Instead, recent observations sometimes suggest the existence of inner cool disks of non-standard type, which develop in the region very close to their central black holes. Taking NGC 4261 as a typical example of such light eating nuclei, for which both flux data ranging from radio to X-ray and data for the counterjet occultation are available, we examine the plausibility of such a picture for the accretion states as mentioned above, based on model predictions. It is shown that the explanation of the gap seen in the counterjet emission in terms of the free-free absorption by an outer standard disk is unrealistic, and moreover, the existence itself of such an outer standard disk seems very implausible. Instead, the model of RIAF in an ordered magnetic field (so called resistive RIAF model) can well serve to explain the emission gap in terms of the synchrotron absorption, as well as to reproduce the observed features of the overall spectral energy distribution (SED). This model also predicts that the RIAF state starts directly from an interstellar hot gas phase at around the Bondi radius and terminates at the inner edge whose radius is about 100 times the Schwartzschild radii. Therefore, there is a good possibility for a cool disk to develop within this innermost region.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, to appear in PASJ, Vol.62, No.5
Diffractively coupled Fabry-Perot resonator with power-recycling
Creators: name: Britzger, Michael
name: Friedrich, Daniel
name: Kroker, Stefanie
name: Brückner, Frank
name: Burmeister, Oliver
name: Kley, Ernst-Bernhard
name: Tünnermann, Andreas
name: Danzmann, Karsten
name: Schnabel, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the optical coupling of two cavities without light transmission through a substrate. Compared to a conventional coupling component, that is a partially transmissive mirror, an all-reflective coupler avoids light absorption in the substrate and therefore associated thermal problems, and even allows the use of opaque materials with possibly favourable mechanical and thermal properties. Recently, the all-reflective coupling of two cavities with a low-efficiency 3-port diffraction grating was theoretically investigated. Such a grating has an additional (a third) port. However, it was shown that the additional port does not necessarily decrease the bandwidth of the coupled cavities. Such an all-reflective scheme for cavity coupling is of interest in the field of gravitational wave detection. In such detectors light that is resonantly enhanced inside the so-called power-recycling cavity is coupled to (kilometre-scale) Fabry-Perot resonators representing the arms of a Michelson interferometer. In order to achieve a high sensitivity over a broad spectrum, the Fabry-Perot resonators need to have a high bandwidth for a given (high) power build-up. We realized such an all-reflective coupling in a table-top experiment. Our findings are in full agreement with the theoretical model incorporating the characteristics of the 3-port grating used, and therefore encourage the application of all-reflective cavity couplers in future gravitational wave detectors.
Skyrmion-antiSkyrmion pairs in Ultracold Atomic Gases
Creators: name: Price, H. M.
name: Cooper, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the dynamics of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates in two dimensions, which admit topological excitations related to the Skyrmions of nuclear physics. We show that there exists a branch of uniformly propagating solitary waves characterised by a conserved momentum. These excitations exhibit a cross-over from spatially extended spin-wave states at low momentum to a localised "spin-wave droplet" at intermediate momentum; at still higher momentum, the configuration evolves continuously into a Skyrmion-antiSkyrmion pair. We discuss how these solitary waves can be generated and studied in experiment.
Reproducible mesoscopic superpositions of Bose-Einstein condensates and mean-field chaos
Creators: name: Gertjerenken, Bettina
name: Arlinghaus, Stephan
name: Teichmann, Niklas
name: Weiss, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a parameter regime for which the mean-field (Gross-Pitaevskii) dynamics becomes chaotic, mesoscopic quantum superpositions in phase space can occur in a double-well potential which is shaken periodically. For experimentally realistic initial states like the ground state of some 100 atoms, the emergence of mesoscopic quantum superpositions in phase space is investigated numerically. It is shown to be reproducible even if the initial conditions slightly change. While the final state is not a perfect superposition of two distinct phase-states, the superposition is reached an order of magnitude faster than in the case of the collapse and revival phenomenon. Furthermore, a generator of entanglement is identified.
description: 7 pages, 7 png figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
Predicting the Impact of Future Land Use and Climate Change on Potential Soil Erosion Risk in an Urban District of the Harare Metropolitan Province, Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Marondedze, Andrew K.
name: Schütt, Brigitta
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: land use land cover (LULC)
subject: Cellular Automata Markov model
subject: representative concentration pathways
subject: climate scenarios
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Monitoring urban area expansion through multispectral remotely sensed data and other geomatics techniques is fundamental for sustainable urban planning. Forecasting of future land use land cover (LULC) change for the years 2034 and 2050 was performed using the Cellular Automata Markov model for the current fast-growing Epworth district of the Harare Metropolitan Province, Zimbabwe. The stochastic CA–Markov modelling procedure validation yielded kappa statistics above 80%, ascertaining good agreement. The spatial distribution of the LULC classes CBD/Industrial area, water and irrigated croplands as projected for 2034 and 2050 show slight notable changes. For projected scenarios in 2034 and 2050, low–medium-density residential areas are predicted to increase from 11.1 km2 to 12.3 km2 between 2018 and 2050. Similarly, high-density residential areas are predicted to increase from 18.6 km2 to 22.4 km2 between 2018 and 2050. Assessment of the effects of future climate change on potential soil erosion risk for Epworth district were undertaken by applying the representative concentration pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) climate scenarios, and model ensemble averages from multiple general circulation models (GCMs) were used to derive the rainfall erosivity factor for the RUSLE model. Average soil loss rates for both climate scenarios, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, were predicted to be high in 2034 due to the large spatial area extent of croplands and disturbed green spaces exposed to soil erosion processes, therefore increasing potential soil erosion risk, with RCP4.5 having more impact than RCP8.5 due to a higher applied rainfall erosivity. For 2050, the predicted wide area average soil loss rates declined for both climate scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, following the predicted decline in rainfall erosivity and vulnerable areas that are erodible. Overall, high potential soil erosion risk was predicted along the flanks of the drainage network for both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate scenarios in 2050.
Model-robust and efficient covariate adjustment for cluster-randomized experiments
Creators: name: Wang, Bingkai
name: Park, Chan
name: Small, Dylan S.
name: Li, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cluster-randomized experiments are increasingly used to evaluate interventions in routine practice conditions, and researchers often adopt model-based methods with covariate adjustment in the statistical analyses. However, the validity of model-based covariate adjustment is unclear when the working models are misspecified, leading to ambiguity of estimands and risk of bias. In this article, we first adapt two conventional model-based methods, generalized estimating equations and linear mixed models, with weighted g-computation to achieve robust inference for cluster-average and individual-average treatment effects. To further overcome the limitations of model-based covariate adjustment methods, we propose an efficient estimator for each estimand that allows for flexible covariate adjustment and additionally addresses cluster size variation dependent on treatment assignment and other cluster characteristics. Such cluster size variations often occur post-randomization and, if ignored, can lead to bias of model-based estimators. For our proposed efficient covariate-adjusted estimator, we prove that when the nuisance functions are consistently estimated by machine learning algorithms, the estimator is consistent, asymptotically normal, and efficient. When the nuisance functions are estimated via parametric working models, the estimator is triply-robust. Simulation studies and analyses of three real-world cluster-randomized experiments demonstrate that the proposed methods are superior to existing alternatives.
Phytochemical and spectral analysis of the methanolic extracts of leaves of Murraya koenigii of Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Creators: name: Moni, Sivakumar Sivagurunthan
name: Sultan, Muhammad Hadi
name: Makeen, Hafiz A.
name: Jabeen, Aamena
name: Sanobar, Syeda
name: Siddiqui, Rahimullah
name: Rehman, Zia ur
name: Alam, Md Shamsher
name: Ahmad, Sarfaraz
name: Elmobark, Mohamed Eltaib
name: Moochikkal, Remesh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: The present study aimed to explore the biocomponents of Murraya koenigii leaves through hot continuous percolation method using methanol as solvent. The spectral analysis by GC-MS and FTIR study demonstrated the presence of alkaloids, tannins, fatty acids, and steroids. The extract was characterized by the presence of unique compounds such as epiyangambin, stigmasterol, α-terpineol, eucalyptol, ethyl cinnamate, fatty acids, and other steroids.
Using the X-ray Morphologies of Young Supernova Remnants to Constrain Explosion Type, Ejecta Distribution, and Chemical Mixing
Creators: name: Lopez, Laura A.
name: Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
name: Huppenkothen, Daniela
name: Badenes, Carles
name: Pooley, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernova remnants (SNRs) are a complex class of sources, and their heterogeneous nature has hindered the characterization of their general observational properties. To overcome this challenge, we use statistical tools to analyze the Chandra X-ray images of Galactic and Large Magellanic Cloud SNRs. We apply two techniques, a power-ratio method (a multipole expansion) and wavelet-transform analysis, to measure the global and local morphological properties of the X-ray line and thermal emission in twenty-four SNRs. We find that Type Ia SNRs have statistically more spherical and mirror symmetric thermal X-ray emission than core-collapse (CC) SNRs. The ability to type SNRs based on thermal emission morphology alone enables, for the first time, the typing of SNRs with weak X-ray lines or with low-resolution spectra. We identify one source, SNR G344.7-0.1, as originating from a CC explosion that was previously unknown, and we confirm the tentative Type Ia classifications of G337.2-0.7 and G272.2-3.2. Although the global morphology is indicative of the explosion type, the relative morphology of the X-ray line emission within SNRs is not: all sources in our sample have well-mixed ejecta, irrespective of stellar origin. In particular, we find that 90% of the bright metal-line emitting substructures are spatially coincident and have similar scales, even if the metals arise from different burning processes. Moreover, the overall X-ray line morphologies within each SNR are the same, with <6% differences. These findings reinforce that hydrodynamical instabilities can efficiently mix ejecta in Type Ia and CC SNRs. The only exception is W49B, which is likely from its jet-driven/bipolar SN explosion. Finally, we describe observational constraints that can be used to test hydrodynamical models of SNR evolution; notably, the filling factor of X-ray emission decreases with SNR age.
description: 21 pages, 17 figures, submitted to ApJ; for full resolution figures, see http://astro.ucsc.edu/~lopez/lines.html
Neural network based generation of a 1-dimensional stochastic field with turbulent velocity statistics
Creators: name: Granero-Belinchon, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We define and study a fully-convolutional neural network stochastic model, NN-Turb, which generates a 1-dimensional field with some turbulent velocity statistics. In particular, the generated process satisfies the Kolmogorov 2/3 law for second order structure function. It also presents negative skewness across scales (i.e. Kolmogorov 4/5 law) and exhibits intermittency as characterized by skewness and flatness. Furthermore, our model is never in contact with turbulent data and only needs the desired statistical behavior of the structure functions across scales for training.
AdS/CFT Correspondence with a 3D Black Hole Simulator
Creators: name: Deger, Aydin
name: Horner, Matthew D.
name: Pachos, Jiannis K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the key applications of AdS/CFT correspondence is the duality it dictates between the entanglement entropy of Anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes and lower-dimensional conformal field theories (CFTs). Here we employ a square lattice of fermions with inhomogeneous tunneling couplings that simulate the effect rotationally symmetric 3D black holes have on Dirac fields. When applied to 3D BTZ black holes we identify the parametric regime where the theoretically predicted 2D CFT faithfully describes the black hole entanglement entropy. With the help of the universal simulator we further demonstrate that a large family of 3D black holes exhibit the same ground state entanglement entropy behavior as the BTZ black hole. The simplicity of our simulator enables direct numerical investigation of a wide variety of 3D black holes and the possibility to experimentally realize it with optical lattice technology.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Non-three-colorable common graphs exist
Creators: name: Hatami, Hamed
name: Hladky, Jan
name: Kral, Daniel
name: Norine, Serguei
name: Razborov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A graph H is called common if the total number of copies of H in every graph and its complement asymptotically minimizes for random graphs. A former conjecture of Burr and Rosta, extending a conjecture of Erdos asserted that every graph is common. Thomason disproved both conjectures by showing that the complete graph of order four is not common. It is now known that in fact the common graphs are very rare. Answering a question of Sidorenko and of Jagger, Stovicek and Thomason from 1996 we show that the 5-wheel is common. This provides the first example of a common graph that is not three-colorable.
description: 9 pages
TASEP on a ring with internal degrees of freedom
Creators: name: Basu, Urna
name: Mohanty, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A totally asymmetric exclusion process on a ring with $ν$ non-conserved internal degrees of freedom, where particles hop forward with a rate that depends on their internal state, has been studied. We show, using a mapping of the model to a zero range process with $ν$ different kinds of boxes, that steady state weights can be written in a matrix product form and calculate the spatial correlations exactly. A comparison of the model with an equivalent conserved system reveals that unequal hopping rates of particles belonging to different internal states is responsible for the non-trivial correlations.
description: 6 pages, 4 eps Figs
Automatic tuning circuits for Mach-Zehnder interferometer optical switches
Creators: name: AlTaha, Mohammed Wadah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Optical communication networks are the foreseeable solution to meet the increasing demand for high data rates. An important part of a communication network is the network switch that facilitates the routing of data from sources to destinations, from a set of input streams to a set of output streams. Silicon photonics is poised to play a significant role in optical communication networks due to its suitability to build scalable and highly integrated photonic structures and systems, in addition to the use of established fabrication methods inherited from the electronics industry. One of the applications where silicon photonics can play a critical role is in implementing network switches. A Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is an optical device that is ideally suited to build network switches, as it can be dynamically controlled to achieve high-quality switching of optical signals. However, the performance of silicon photonics devices is sensitive to fluctuations in ambient temperature, fabrication tolerances, and device aging, and MZI devices are no exception. This work describes the factors that degrade the performance of an MZI switch, and then presents an electronic feedback system that monitors and automatically tunes a 1x2 MZI switch to its optimum operating point and compensate for the aforementioned performance-degrading factors. A design for a 2x2 MZI switch monitoring technique is also presented that uses feedforward interferometry to enable more efficient use of the MZI as a switch for two simultaneous optical inputs at different wavelengths, and an electronic feedback and tuning system for such switches is also demonstrated.
Chirality inversion and radius blow-up of a Néel-type skyrmion by a Pearl vortex
Creators: name: Apostoloff, S. S.
name: Andriyakhina, E. S.
name: Vorobyev, P. A.
name: Tretiakov, Oleg A.
name: Burmistrov, I. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a theory for the coaxial configuration of a Néel-type skyrmion and a Pearl vortex in thin superconductor-chiral ferromagnetic heterostructures. Using direct numerical solution of the Euler-Lagrange equation and micromagnetic simulations we demonstrate that the inhomogeneous magnetic field of the Pearl vortex significantly modifies the skyrmion profile with respect to the one in the absence of the vortex. We discover drastic enlargement of the skyrmion's radius and inversion of the skyrmion's chirality. To unravel physics behind these effects we invent novel two-parameter ansatz for the magnetization profile of the skyrmion in the presence of the vortex. Chirality inversion and radius blow-up are controlled not only by the material parameters of the heterostructure but also by the thickness of the superconductor. Our findings can have implications for Majorana modes localized at skyrmion-vortex pairs.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; 1 video file and its description (as ancillary files)
What Determines the Incidence and Extent of MgII Absorbing Gas Around Galaxies?
Creators: name: Chen, Hsiao-Wen
name: Wild, Vivienne
name: Tinker, Jeremy L.
name: Gauthier, Jean-Rene
name: Helsby, Jennifer E.
name: Shectman, Stephen A.
name: Thompson, Ian B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the connections between on-going star formation, galaxy mass, and extended halo gas, in order to distinguish between starburst-driven outflows and infalling clouds that produce the majority of observed MgII absorbers at large galactic radii (>~ 10 h^{-1} kpc) and to gain insights into halo gas contents around galaxies. We present new measurements of total stellar mass (M_star), H-alpha emission line strength (EW(H-alpha)), and specific star formation rate (sSFR) for the 94 galaxies published in H.-W. Chen et al. (2010). We find that the extent of MgII absorbing gas, R_MgII, scales with M_star and sSFR, following R_MgII \propto M_star^{0.28}\times sSFR^{0.11}. The strong dependence of R_MgII on M_star is most naturally explained, if more massive galaxies possess more extended halos of cool gas and the observed MgII absorbers arise in infalling clouds which will subsequently fuel star formation in the galaxies. The additional scaling relation of R_MgII with sSFR can be understood either as accounting for extra gas supplies due to starburst outflows or as correcting for suppressed cool gas content in high-mass halos. The latter is motivated by the well-known sSFR--M_star} inverse correlation in field galaxies. Our analysis shows that a joint study of galaxies and MgII absorbers along common sightlines provides an empirical characterization of halo gaseous radius versus halo mass. A comparison study of R_MgII around red- and blue-sequence galaxies may provide the first empirical constraint for resolving the physical origin of the observed sSFR--M_star} relation in galaxies.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures; ApJL in press
Space of subspheres and conformal invariants of curves
Creators: name: Langevin, R.
name: O'Hara, J.
name: Sakata, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A30, 53B30

description: A space curve is determined by conformal arc-length, conformal curvature, and conformal torsion, up to Möbius transformations. We use the spaces of osculating circles and spheres to give a conformally defined moving frame of a curve in the Minkowski space, which can naturally produce the conformal invariants and the normal form of the curve. We also give characterization of canal surfaces in terms of curves in the set of circles.
description: 14pages
Enhancing user privacy in web services
Creators: name: Légaré, Jean-Sébastien
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: As the wealth of quality application services grows, so too does the volume of data that users disclose and entrust to others. To receive service, users must trust providers with their data. But, without being afforded visibility into the inner workings of the services, users cannot gain strong assurance that their data will be safeguarded. This trust is precarious. First, services may go out of business or fail, leading to complete data loss, or to the inability to view, manipulate, and share the data in a meaningful way. Second, the confidentiality of user data critically hinges on the service enforcing complex access control rules correctly, and following secure cryptographic practices diligently. Third, even when sensitive data is safeguarded most securely, every application interaction, or communication attempt may still be surveilled and scrutinized, unbeknownst to users. This thesis presents alternate web application designs that aim to provide users with verifiable guarantees about the longevity of access to data, data confidentiality, and anonymity. We achieve these goals by systematically disaggregating functional components from the service's trusted computing base, and exposing them in a way that allows external verification. Our is aim is to protect personal data, but to do so while maintaining the many advantages that traditional web applications can offer. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approaches with proof-of-concept applications that are practical and allow immediate deployment in the current web.
Remarks on rigid irreducible meromorphic connections on the projective line
Creators: name: Sabbah, Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F10, 32S40, 34M40

description: We illustrate the Arinkin-Deligne-Katz algorithm for rigid irreducible meromorphic bundles with connection on the projective line by giving motivicity consequences similar to those given by Katz for rigid local systems.
description: 19 pages. V2: 20 pages. Small inaccuracies and typos corrected. Final version to appear in Documenta Math
Five polyketides isolated from the marine-derived fungus Arthrinium Sp.
Creators: name: Zhao, Zhaihai
name: Ding, Wanjing
name: Wang, Pin-Mei
name: Zheng, Daoqiong
name: Xu, Jinzhong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: Four new polyketides including two arthrinic acid derivatives (1–2), one phenolic derivative (3) and (S)-3-hydroxy-6-(2-hydroxypropyl)-5-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one (4) along with one methyl ester of arthrinic acid (5) were isolated from the culture broth of Arthrinium sp., which was an entophytic fungus of clam worm. Their structures were identified on the basis of HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectral analyses together with advanced Mosher's method. In the assay of inhibiting the prostate cancer PC3 cell line, none of the isolated compounds showed significant cytotoxicity.
Essential oil variability in Stachys pilifera Benth populations: a narrow endemic species of Iran
Creators: name: Jahantab, Esfandiar
name: Morshedloo, Mohammad Reza
name: Maggi, Filippo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Stachys pilifera Benth is an endemic species of Iran where it is found in the mountainous habitats of Zagros region. The plant is a rich source of secondary metabolites endowed with different medicinal properties. Here, for the first time, the essential oil variability among eleven wild populations of S. pilifera, was investigated. Results indicated that the variation of the chemical profile of essential oils was remarkable. The most abundant components were cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (19.1-48.2%), viridiflorol (1.4-19.1%), trans-caryophyllene (2.3-11.9%), caryophyllene oxide (1.9-11.0%), limonene (2.0- 5.9%) and spathulenol (0.0- 9.5). Based on the cluster analyses (CA), four main chemotypes were recognized: chemotype I (cis-chrysanthenyl acetate), chemotype II (cis-chrysanthenyl acetate/viridiflorol), chemotype III (cis-chrysanthenyl acetate/viridiflorol/spathulenol), chemotype IV (cis-chrysanthenyl acetate/trans-caryophyllene/α-pinene). The chemical variation detected can be useful to consider these populations for pharmaceutical industries and industrial applications as well as for domestication and conservation purposes.
SEpM 16: Singe à sa mère (3.3.7)
Creators: name: Attinger, Pascal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: sumerian
Translation
Traduction

description: Traduction The Sumerian Epistolary Miscellany 16: Singe à sa mère (3.3.7) Pascal Attinger, 2013, actualisé en 2019
Research Data Policy for PhDs at TU Delft
Creators: name: Dunning, Alastair
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: PhD
data
policy
TU Delft
data stewardship
data sharing

description: Presentation discussing a possible research data policy for TU Delft PhD students given by Alastair Dunning to the Graduate School on 7 December 2017.
Haroldo de Campos: Innovative Poetics for a Plural World
Creators: Cisneros, Odile
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2020

SSHRC IG awarded 2021. is it possible to think of a writer whose work might bring together not only East and West but also Antiquity and contemporary times under the sign of a plural poetics of invention? This project proposes a reading of the work of the eminent Brazilian poet, critic, and translator Haroldo de Campos (1929-2003) as precisely such a figure. Widely considered one of the most influential poets and intellectuals to emerge from Brazil in the second half of the twentieth century, he became internationally recognized as a founder of the concrete poetry vanguard in the 1950s. His prolific subsequent oeuvre---over 40 books of poetry, criticism, and translation---spans the literature of the world, from China and Japan to Europe, North and South America, and from ancient Chinese poetry, Homer, and the Bible to Russian Futurism, Anglo-American modernism, and the avant-gardes. Through an ambitious examination of the scope and depth of Campos's critical and creative work, including essays, poetry, and translation, this proposal aims to shed light on his unique poetics of innovation for a plural world.
Point Cloud-based Proactive Link Quality Prediction for Millimeter-wave Communications
Creators: name: Ohta, Shoki
name: Nishio, Takayuki
name: Kudo, Riichi
name: Takahashi, Kahoko
name: Nagata, Hisashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This study demonstrates the feasibility of point cloud-based proactive link quality prediction for millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications. Previous studies have proposed machine learning-based methods to predict received signal strength for future time periods using time series of depth images to mitigate the line-of-sight (LOS) path blockage by pedestrians in mmWave communication. However, these image-based methods have limited applicability due to privacy concerns as camera images may contain sensitive information. This study proposes a point cloud-based method for mmWave link quality prediction and demonstrates its feasibility through experiments. Point clouds represent three-dimensional (3D) spaces as a set of points and are sparser and less likely to contain sensitive information than camera images. Additionally, point clouds provide 3D position and motion information, which is necessary for understanding the radio propagation environment involving pedestrians. This study designs the mmWave link quality prediction method and conducts realistic indoor experiments, where the link quality fluctuates significantly due to human blockage, using commercially available IEEE 802.11ad-based 60 GHz wireless LAN devices and Kinect v2 RGB-D camera and Velodyne VLP-16 light detection and ranging (LiDAR) for point cloud acquisition. The experimental results showed that our proposed method can predict future large attenuation of mmWave received signal strength and throughput induced by the LOS path blockage by pedestrians with comparable or superior accuracy to image-based prediction methods. Hence, our point cloud-based method can serve as a viable alternative to image-based methods.
Developable Quad Meshes and Contact Element Nets
Creators: name: Inza, Victor Ceballos
name: Rist, Florian
name: Wallner, Johannes
name: Pottmann, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The property of a surface being developable can be expressed in different equivalent ways, by vanishing Gauss curvature, or by the existence of isometric mappings to planar domains. Computational contributions to this topic range from special parametrizations to discrete-isometric mappings. However, so far a local criterion expressing developability of general quad meshes has been lacking. In this paper, we propose a new and efficient discrete developability criterion that is applied to quad meshes equipped with vertex weights, and which is motivated by a well-known characterization in differential geometry, namely a rank-deficient second fundamental form. We assign contact elements to the faces of meshes and ruling vectors to the edges, which in combination yield a developability condition per face. Using standard optimization procedures, we are able to perform interactive design and developable lofting. The meshes we employ are combinatorial regular quad meshes with isolated singularities but are otherwise not required to follow any special curves on a developable surface. They are thus easily embedded into a design workflow involving standard operations like remeshing, trimming, and merging operations. An important feature is that we can directly derive a watertight, rational bi-quadratic spline surface from our meshes. Remarkably, it occurs as the limit of weighted Doo-Sabin subdivision, which acts in an interpolatory manner on contact elements.
A multiple scattering formulation for elastic wave propagation in space-time modulated metamaterials
Creators: name: Pu, Xingbo
name: Marzani, Alessandro
name: Palermo, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Space-time modulation of material parameters offers new possibilities for manipulating elastic wave propagation by exploiting time-reversal symmetry breaking. Here we propose and validate a general framework based on the multiple scattering theory to model space-time modulated elastic metamaterials, namely elastic waveguides equipped with modulated resonators. The formulation allows to consider an arbitrary distribution of resonators with a generic space-time modulation profile and compute the wavefield within and outside the resonators' region. Additionally, under appropriate assumptions, the same framework can be exploited to predict the waveguide dispersion relation. We demonstrate the capabilities of our formulation by revisiting the dynamics of two representative space-time modulated systems, e.g. the non-reciprocal propagation of (i) flexural waves along a metabeam and (ii) surface acoustic waves along a metasurface. Given its flexibility, the proposed method can pave the way towards the design of novel devices able to realize unidirectional transport of elastic energy for vibration isolation, signal processing and energy harvesting purposes.
Novel type of general protein assay using a chromogenic and fluorogenic amine-reactive probe
Creators: name: Höfelschweiger, Bianca K.
name: Dürkop, Axel
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Photometric and fluorometric protein assay; Pyrylium reactive fluorescent dyes
subject: 540 Chemie

description: We report on a new and simple one-reagent method for general protein assay. It makes use of one of two new reactive labeling reagents presented here (and referred to as pyrylium [Py] labels). These can be applied for both photometric and fluorometric protein assays at near neutral pHs at room temperature. The Py labels undergo a large spectral change on conjugation to the amino group of proteins and typically change their color from blue to red. Therefore, and unlike in other assays, there is no need to separate the unconjugated (blue) label from the red conjugate, which can be determined by direct photometry with a limit of detection of 1.2 μg/ml for human serum albumin. The assay can be extended to fluorometry because the fluorescence of the free Py label is weak (with a quantum yield of <1%) but increases strongly (to >40%) on conjugation. The strong fluorescence of the red conjugates can be determined directly and without interference by the blue (and weakly fluorescent) free label. The fluorometric assay resulted in a limit of detection of 60 ng/ml for bovine serum albumin (BSA). Validation of the fluorescence assay of blood plasma samples spiked with BSA gave recoveries in the range from 91 to 103%.
Quantitative determination of pentacyclic triterpenic acids in Amazonian species Eugenia punicifolia DC by ATR-FTIR
Creators: name: Albuquerque, Raphael P.
name: Duarte, Glauce C. A.
name: Duarte, Nelise
name: Ohana, Débora T.
name: Santos, Wilson C.
name: Machado, Thelma B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Leaf extracts from Eugenia punicifolia are rich in pentacyclic triterpenic acids (PTAs), especially barbinervic acid (BA), which is an important biomarker of the species. Dichloromethane extracts of E. punicifolia leaf samples harvested in Amazonian summer and winter seasons were analysed by infrared spectroscopy using ATR-FTIR technique aiming to evaluate barbinervic acid (BA) and its PTAs equivalent contents. A validated HPLC-DAD quantification method was also performed to compare the relationship between BA and PTAs contents in E. punicifolia extracts with ATR-FTIR technique. The use of ATR-FTIR allowed a rapid, efficient and environment-friendly quantification method for total PTAs equivalent content, showing a significant statistical difference (p