cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pricing multi-windowed barrier options using finite element method
Creators: name: Ai, Chengshi
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Options (Finance) Prices Mathematical models
subject: Derivative securities Prices Mathematical models
subject: Differential equations, Partial

description: In this thesis we study pricing multi-windowed barrier options under three different models: Black-Scholes' model, Heston model, and the multi-dimensional Heston model proposed by De Col, Gnoatto and Grasselli. The PDE approach is employed where the option price is deemed as the solution of a partial differential equation. The PDEs arising in the area of option pricing are most parabolic equations. The interesting questions are a) how to deal with the semi-infinite boundary; b) how to determine the boundary conditions when the domain changes with time. Especially we also consider the situation where the Feller condition is violated in the foreign exchange markets, which gives degenerate parabolic equations. We use the finite element method to obtain the numerical results of the PDEs. It is implemented by C++. The main result of this thesis provides a practical scheme in pricing options in a real market scenario. All the coefficients used in the multi-dimensional Heston model can be calibrated once for all according to the real markets. Then the model dimension can be reduced when different types of options are priced.
Improving On-Demand Single Photon Source Coherence and Indistinguishability Through a Time-Delayed Coherent Feedback
Creators: name: Crowder, Gavin
name: Ramunno, Lora
name: Hughes, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single photon sources (SPSs) are an essential resource for many quantum information technologies. We demonstrate how the inclusion of time-delayed coherent feedback in a scalable waveguide system, can significantly improve the two key SPS figures of merit: coherence and indistinguishability. Our feedback protocol is simulated using a quantum trajectory discretized waveguide model which can be used to directly model Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) and Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interferometers. With the proper choice of the round trip phase, the non-Markovian dynamics from the time-delayed feedback improves the indistinguishability of the SPS by up to 57%. We also show how this mechanism suppresses the detrimental effects of off-chip decay and pure dephasing.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Subradiance with saturated atoms: population enhancement of the long-lived states
Creators: name: Cipris, A.
name: Moreira, N. A.
name: Santo, T. S. do Espirito
name: Weiss, P.
name: Villas-Boas, C. J.
name: Kaiser, R.
name: Guerin, W.
name: Bachelard, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dipole-dipole interactions are at the origin of long-lived collective atomic states, often called subradiant, which are explored for their potential use in novel photonic devices or in quantum protocols. Here, we study subradiance beyond linear optics and experimentally demonstrate a two hundred-fold increase in the population of these modes, as the saturation parameter of the driving field is increased. We attribute this enhancement to a mechanism similar to optical pumping through the well-coupled superradiant states. The lifetimes are unaffected by the pump strength, as the system is ultimately driven toward the single-excitation sector.
Approximating First Hitting Point Distribution in Milestoning for Rare Event Kinetics
Creators: name: Wang, Ru
name: Wang, Hao
name: Liu, Wenjian
name: Elber, Ron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Milestoning is an efficient method for rare event kinetics calculation using short trajectory parallelization. Mean first passage time (MFPT) is the key kinetic output of Milestoning, whose accuracy crucially depends the initial distribution of the short trajectory ensemble. The true initial distribution, i.e., first hitting point distribution (FHPD), has no analytic expression in the general case. Here, we introduce two algorithms, local passage time weighted Milestoning (LPT-M) and Bayesian inference Milestoning (BI-M), to accurately and efficiently approximate FHPD for systems at equilibrium condition. Starting from sampling Boltzmann distribution on milestones, we calculate the proper weighting factor for the short trajectory ensemble. The methods are tested on two model examples for illustration purpose. Both methods improve significantly over the widely used classical Milestoning method in terms of the accuracy of MFPT. In particular, BI-M covers the directional Milestoning method as a special case in the deterministic Hamiltonian dynamics. LPT-M is especially advantageous in terms of computational costs and robustness with respect to the increasing number of intermediate milestones. Furthermore, a locally iterative correction algorithm for non-equilibrium stationary FHPD is developed for exact MFPT calculation, which can be combined with LPT-M/BI-M and is much cheaper than the exact Milestoning method.
Ten Simple Rules for Success with HPC, i.e. Responsibly BASHing that Linux Cluster
Creators: name: Alnasir, Jamie J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: High-performance computing (HPC) clusters are widely used in-house at scientific and academic research institutions. For some users, the transition from running their analyses on a single workstation to running them on a complex, multi-tenanted cluster, usually employing some degree of parallelism, can be challenging, if not bewildering, especially for users whose role is not predominantly computational in nature. On the other hand, there are more experienced users, who can benefit from pointers on how to get the best from their use of HPC. This Ten Simple Rules guide is aimed at helping you identify ways to improve your utilisation of HPC, avoiding common pitfalls that can negatively impact other users and will also help ease the load (pun intended) on your HPC sysadmin. It is intended to provide technical advice common to the use of HPC platforms such as LSF, Slurm, PBS/Torque, SGE, LoadLeveler and YARN, the scheduler used with Hadoop/Spark platform.
description: 6 pages (5 excl. refs), 2 figures
On Automorphism group of a $G$-induced variety
Creators: name: Nayek, Arpita
name: Parameswaran, A. J.
name: Saha, Pinakinath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M15

description: Let $G$ be a connected semisimple algebraic group of adjoint type over the field $\mathbb{C}$ of complex numbers and $B$ be a Borel subgroup of $G.$ Let $F$ be an irreducible projective $B$-variety. Then consider the variety $E:=G\times^{B}F,$ which has a natural action of $G$; we call it $G$-induced variety or $(G,B)$-induced variety. In this article, we compute the connected component containing the identity automorphism of the group of all algebraic automorphisms of some particular $G$-induced varieties $E.$
description: 27 pages, the presentation style and final exposition of the paper were extensively revised based on the reviewer's suggestions
Non-local Matching Condition and Scale-invariant Spectrum in Bouncing Cosmology
Creators: name: Chu, Chong-Sun
name: Furuta, Ko
name: Lin, Feng-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In cosmological scenarios such as the pre-big bang scenario or the ekpyrotic scenario, a matching condition between the metric perturbations in the pre-big bang phase and those in the post big-bang phase is often assumed. Various matching conditions have been considered in the literature. Nevertheless obtaining a scale invariant CMB spectrum via a concrete mechanism remains impossible. In this paper, we examine this problem from the point of view of local causality. We begin with introducing the notion of local causality and explain how it constrains the form of the matching condition. We then prove a no-go theorem: independent of the details of the matching condition, a scale invariant spectrum is impossible as long as the local causality condition is satisfied. In our framework, it is easy to show that a violation of local causality around the bounce is needed in order to give a scale invariant spectrum. We study a specific scenario of this possibility by considering a nonlocal effective theory inspired by noncommutative geometry around the bounce and show that a scale invariant spectrum is possible. Moreover we demonstrate that the magnitude of the spectrum is compatible with observations if the bounce is assumed to occur at an energy scale which is a few orders of magnitude below the Planckian energy scale.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures; v3: clarifications added, changes in references, version to appear in PRD
Defects composed of kinks and Q-balls: analytical solutions and stability
Creators: name: Alonso-Izquierdo, A.
name: Sanchez, C. Garzon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper all the defect-type solutions in a family of scalar field theories with a real and a complex field in (1+1) dimensional Minkowski spacetime have been analytically identified. Three types of solutions have been found: (a) topological kinks without the presence of $Q$-balls, (b) defects which consist of a topological kink coupled with a $Q$-ball and (c) a one-parameter family of solutions where a $Q$-ball is combined with a non-topological soliton. The properties of these solutions and its linear stability are also discussed.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Lexical elicitation: voice quality; Mann 1-77
Creators: name: Kusuwan, Yorm
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: sss

description: Elicitation of words differing only in voice quality (modal, breathy) and words from Mann's MSEA Swadesh list 1-77. Other voices included. Consultant is a 55-year-old female.
On the influence of magnetic topology on the propagation of internal gravity waves in the solar atmosphere
Creators: name: Vigeesh, G.
name: Roth, M.
name: Steiner, O.
name: Fleck, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solar surface is a continuous source of internal gravity waves (IGWs). IGWs are believed to supply the bulk of the wave energy for the lower solar atmosphere, but their existence and role for the energy balance of the upper layers is still unclear, largely due to the lack of knowledge about the influence of the Sun's magnetic fields on their propagation. In this work, we look at naturally excited IGWs in realistic models of the solar atmosphere and study the effect of different magnetic field topographies on their propagation. We carry out radiation-magnetohydrodynamic (R-MHD) simulations of a magnetic field free and two magnetic models -- one with an initial, homogeneous, vertical field of 100 G magnetic flux density and one with an initial horizontal field of 100 G flux density. The propagation properties of IGWs are studied by examining the phase-difference and coherence spectra in the $k_{h}$-$ω$ diagnostic diagram. We find that IGWs in the upper solar atmosphere show upward propagation in the model with predominantly horizontal field similar to the model without magnetic field. In contrast to that the model with predominantly vertical fields show downward propagation. This crucial difference in the propagation direction is also revealed in the difference in energy transported by waves for heights below 0.8 Mm. Higher up, the propagation properties show a peculiar behaviour, which require further study. Our analysis suggests that IGWs may play a significant role in the heating of the chromospheric layers of the internetwork region where horizontal fields are thought to be prevalent.
description: To appear in Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A, 12 pages, 8 figures
Hyperfine interaction induced critical exponents in the quantum Hall effect
Creators: name: Kagalovsky, V.
name: Vagner, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study localization-delocalization transition in quantum Hall systems with a random field of nuclear spins acting on two-dimensional (2d) electron spins via hyperfine contact (Fermi) interaction. We use Chalker-Coddington network model, which corresponds to the projection onto the lowest Landau level. The inhomogeneous nuclear polarization acts on the electrons as an additional confining potential, and, therefore, introduces additional parameter $p$ (the probability to find a polarized nucleus in the vicinity of a saddle point of random potential) responsible for the change from quantum to classical behavior. In this manner we obtain two critical exponents corresponding to quantum and classical percolation. We also study how the 2d extended state develops into the one-dimensional (1d) critical state.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Expertise in nurses’ clinical judgments : the role of cognitive variables and experience
Creators: name: Christie, Lynda A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Many researchers have failed to find a relationship between experience and judgment accuracy. In this study the purpose was to understand the relationship between experience and expertise in clinical judgment. Common sense suggests that experienced subjects make better quality judgments, compared to novices. Clinical judgments, however, are ill-structured and characterized by uncertainty; they take place in a dynamic context, with delayed or nonexistent feedback and are difficult to learn. Cognitive operations that translate "cues" (such as risk factors, signs, and symptoms) into judgments are not fully understood. Cognitive constructs (conceptual structure, sensitivity to patterns in data, and judgment process) and individual differences in age, education, and experience were explored to identify their relationship to judgment expertise. Indicators of judgment quality were: accuracy, consistency, latency, confidence, calibration, and knowledge accessibility. In phase 1 of this study, cues were identified that best predicted healing time for 258 surgical patients with abdominal incisions. In Phase 2, the subjects were 36 nurses with a range of experience caring for surgical patients. Generating both quantitative and qualitative data, subjects made judgments about incisional healing on the basis of information from actual patients. Multidimensional scaling was used to reveal conceptual structure, and lens modeling was applied to assess sensitivity to broad patterns. An information board task with think-aloud protocols demonstrated judgment process. The selection of tasks was based on their analysis- or intuition-inducing features, using K. R. Hammond's (1990) cognitive continuum theory. Experience accounted for a only a small proportion of variance in performance, whereas confidence in judgment was more strongly related to experience. Taken together, these findings replicated previous research. Protocol data showed that metacognition, knowledge accessibility, and reflectivity increased with experience. Conceptual structure predicted judgment accuracy under intuitive conditions. Support was found for Dreyfus and Dreyfus' (1986) hypothesized transition in cognition, from deliberate processing of discrete cues, to intuitive processing of patterns of cues encoded in memories for specific cases. This study has theoretical significance by adding to knowledge about clinical judgment, and by increasing understanding of cognitive changes associated with expertise. This study has practical significance in providing direction for the development of teaching methods aimed to increase learning from experience in probabilistic contexts.
Boosting the STM's spatial and energy resolution with double-functionalized probe tips
Creators: name: Odobesko, Artem
name: Klees, Raffael L.
name: Friedrich, Felix
name: Hankiewicz, Ewelina M.
name: Bode, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scattering of superconducting pairs by magnetic impurities on a superconducting surface leads to pairs of sharp in-gap resonances, known as Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) bound states. Similarly to the interference of itinerant electrons scattered by defects in normal metals, these resonances reveal a periodic texture around the magnetic impurity. However, the wavelength of these resonances is often too short to be resolved even by methods capable of atomic resolution, like scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Here, we combine a CO molecule with a superconducting cluster pre-attached to an STM tip to maximize both spatial and energy resolution. The superior properties of such a double-functionalized probe are demonstrated by imaging the spatial distribution of YSR states around magnetic Fe atoms on a Nb(110) surface. Our approach reveals rich interference patterns of the hybridized YSR state, previously inaccessible with conventional STM probes. This advancement extends the capabilities of STM techniques, providing insights into superconducting phenomena at the atomic scale.
description: 7pages, 3 figures
MgB2 thick film with TC = 40.2 K deposited on sapphire substrate
Creators: name: Zhang, Kaicheng
name: Ding, Li-li
name: Zhuang, Cheng-gang
name: Chen, Li-ping
name: Chen*, Chinping.
name: Feng, Qing-rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have successfully deposited thick MgB2 film on the (0001) crystalline surface of sapphire by the method of hybrid physical-chemical vapor deposition (HPCVD). The film thickness is about 1.3 micron. It has a dense and interlaced structure. The film surface, shown by SEM, is stacked with MgB2 microcrystals. Transport measurements by the 4-probe technique have demonstrated that its critical temperature is about 40.2 K, with a sharp transition width of 0.15 K. The residual resistivity ratio (RRR) is about 11. By extrapolation, HC2(0) is determined as 13.7 T from the magneto-transport measurement. Also by hysteresis measurement and applying the Bean model, the critical current density is estimated as 5*1010 A/m2 in zero magnetic field. The present work has demonstrated that HPCVD is an effective technique to fabricate the MgB2 thick film with decent superconducting properties. Hence, it is important for the future superconducting application, in particular, as a crucial preliminary stage to fabricate superconducting tape.
description: 7 pages with 4 figures included, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) In press
Lexical elicitation: voice quality; Mann 1-77
Creators: name: Kusuwan, Janthajorn
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: sss

description: Elicitation of words differing only in voice quality (modal, breathy) and words from Mann's MSEA Swadesh list 1-77. Other voices included. Consultant is a 37-year-old female.
InFusionSurf: Refining Neural RGB-D Surface Reconstruction Using Per-Frame Intrinsic Refinement and TSDF Fusion Prior Learning
Creators: name: Lee, Seunghwan
name: Park, Gwanmo
name: Son, Hyewon
name: Ryu, Jiwon
name: Chae, Han Joo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce InFusionSurf, an innovative enhancement for neural radiance field (NeRF) frameworks in 3D surface reconstruction using RGB-D video frames. Building upon previous methods that have employed feature encoding to improve optimization speed, we further improve the reconstruction quality with minimal impact on optimization time by refining depth information. InFusionSurf addresses camera motion-induced blurs in each depth frame through a per-frame intrinsic refinement scheme. It incorporates the truncated signed distance field (TSDF) Fusion, a classical real-time 3D surface reconstruction method, as a pretraining tool for the feature grid, enhancing reconstruction details and training speed. Comparative quantitative and qualitative analyses show that InFusionSurf reconstructs scenes with high accuracy while maintaining optimization efficiency. The effectiveness of our intrinsic refinement and TSDF Fusion-based pretraining is further validated through an ablation study.
description: ICME'24 (Oral), Project page: https://rokit-healthcare.github.io/InFusionSurf/
Mending bodies : polio treatment in Australia
Creators: name: Highley, Kerry Ann
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: RA644.P9 H54 2009
subject: Poliomyelitis History 20th centuryAustralia
subject: Epidemics Treatment History 20th centuryAustralia

description: This thesis examines the social context of a disease during a time of social crisis: the epidemics of poliomyelitis that emerged in the twentieth century. Its focus is on the Australian experience, within the context of what was happening overseas, particularly in the United States of America, England and New Zealand. It investigates the disease of polio and its treatment over a long period, the scientific endeavour that led to the discovery of the poliovirus, and the early studies in virology and immunology that culminated in the production of a polio vaccine. Early histories of medicine were often written from the perspective of the leading medical men and neglected the experience of the patient, who was viewed with increased subjectivity. That approach has changed and, throughout this thesis, the voice of the polio survivor can be heard clearly. The personality of the survivor governed the response to the disease: ethnicity, class, age and gender all mediated the individual reaction. For some polio survivors, feelings of fear, rejection, denial and anger at suddenly finding themselves to be different in a world that valued conformity were universal. For two generations in the twentieth century, the influence of polio was profound, especially for those who survived their encounter with the virus and were treated for the paralysis that sometimes followed: treatment that generated a fierce debate between medical practitioners and those who advocated alternative therapies. By the 1950s, most Western countries had abandoned the orthodox medical practice of immobilising polio survivors in plaster casts for many months. That was not the case in Australia, where the monopoly of orthodox medicine in the treatment of polio paralysis remained unchallenged until the counterculture and feminist movements, political activism, and the influx of new ideas from around the world transformed Australian society and its formerly unquestioning attitude towards doctors and medicine.
Non-classicality and entanglement criteria for bipartite optical fields characterized by quadratic detectors II: Criteria based on probabilities
Creators: name: Perina, Jan
name: Michalek, Vaclav
name: Haderka, Ondrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerous non-classicality criteria based on the probabilities of experimental photocount or theoretical photon-number distributions are derived using several approaches. Relations among the derived criteria are revealed and the fundamental criteria are identified. They are grouped into parametric systems that allow the analysis of the non-classicality from different points of view ('local' non-classicality, pairwise character of photon correlations, etc.). Considering their structure, the criteria may be divided into groups that differ in the power to resolve the non-classicality. Quantification of the non-classicality using the Lee non-classicality depth and the non-classicality counting parameter is discussed. The used number of field's modes is identified as an important parameter that may cause unexpected results. An appropriate linear transformation of a photocount (photon-number) distribution into its s-ordered form, needed for the determination of the non-classicality depth, is derived. For comparison, the derived criteria are applied both to an experimental photocount histogram of a twin beam and the reconstructed photon-number distributions with different levels of the noise.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Dynamics of nonminimally coupled scalar field models with generic potentials in FLRW background
Creators: name: Shahalam, M.
name: Myrzakul, Shynaray
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase space analysis of a nonminimally coupled scalar field model with different potentials such as KKLT, Higgs, inverse and inverse square. Our investigation brings new asymptotic regimes, and obtains stable de-Sitter solution. In case of KKLT, we do not find stable de-Sitter solution whereas Higgs model satisfies the de-Sitter condition but does not provide a stable de-Sitter solution in usual sense as one of the eigenvalue is zero. We obtain time derivative of Hubble constant $\dot{H}=0$, equation of state $w_ϕ\simeq -1$, scalar field $ϕ=$constant and the positive effective gravitational constant ($G_{eff}>0$), which are missed in our earlier work. Therefore, in case of $F(ϕ)R$ coupling with $F(ϕ)= 1-ξϕ^2 $ and the models of inverse and inverse square potentials$-$ a true stable de-Sitter solution is trivially satisfied.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1905.06856
title: Cahiers de littérature française. 2015, n° 14
title: L'imaginaire des saintes
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unap)
Publisher: name: Classiques Garnier
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Littérature française du XVIIe siècle
subject: Écriture mystique féminine
subject: Imaginaire
subject: Sainteté
subject: Mysticisme

description: Contributeurs : Christian Belin, Franca Franchi, Marion de Lencquesaing, Flavia Mariotti, Benedetta Papasogli et Barbara Piqué.
Planetary system LHS 1140 revisited with ESPRESSO and TESS
Creators: name: Lillo-Box, J.
name: Figueira, P.
name: Leleu, A.
name: Acuña, L.
name: Faria, J. P.
name: Hara, N.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Correia, A. C. M.
name: Robutel, P.
name: Deleuil, M.
name: Barrado, D.
name: Sousa, S.
name: Bonfils, X.
name: Mousis, O.
name: Almenara, J. M.
name: Astudillo-Defru, N.
name: Marcq, E.
name: Udry, S.
name: Lovis, C.
name: Pepe, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LHS 1140 is an M dwarf known to host two known transiting planets at orbital periods of 3.77 and 24.7 days. The external planet (LHS 1140 b) is a rocky super-Earth that is located in the middle of the habitable zone of this low-mass star, placing this system at the forefront of the habitable exoplanet exploration. We further characterize this system by improving the physical and orbital properties and search for additional planetary-mass components in the system, also exploring the possibility of co-orbitals. We collected 113 new radial velocity observations with ESPRESSO over a 1.5-year time span with an average photon-noise precision of 1.07 m/s. We determine new masses with a precision of 6% for LHS 1140 b ($6.48 \pm 0.46~M_{\oplus}$) and 9% for LHS 1140 c ($m_c=1.78 \pm 0.17~M_{\oplus}$), reducing by half the previously published uncertainties. Although both planets have Earth-like bulk compositions, the internal structure analysis suggests that LHS 1140 b might be iron-enriched. In both cases, the water content is compatible to a maximum fraction of 10-12% in mass, which is equivalent to a deep ocean layer of $779 \pm 650$ km for the habitable-zone planet LHS 1140 b. Our results also provide evidence for a new planet candidate in the system ($m_d= 4.8\pm1.1~M_{\oplus}$) on a ~78.9-day orbital period, which is detected through three independent methods. The analysis also allows us to discard other planets above 0.5 $M_{\oplus}$ for periods shorter than 10 days and above 2 $M_{\oplus}$ for periods up to one year. Finally, our analysis discards co-orbital planets of LHS 1140 b down to 1 $M_{\oplus}$. Indications for a possible co-orbital signal in LHS 1140 c are detected in both radial velocity and photometric data, however. The new characterization of the system make it a key target for atmospheric studies of rocky worlds at different stellar irradiations
description: 22 pages, 16 figures, 5 tables, published in A&A journal (see https://www.aanda.org/component/article?access=doi&doi=10.1051/0004-6361/202038922)
Hansenocaris undetermined
Creators: name: Olesen, Jørgen
name: Grygier, Mark J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Maxillopoda
Hansenocarididae
Hansenocaris
Hansenocaris undetermined

description: Y-nauplius Type AH*
Figs 2, 9I–N
Type AH* – Dreyer et al. 2023a: figs 4, 5a, c, tables s1–s2.
Material examined
JAPAN – Okinawa, Sesoko I., laboratory pier, 26°38ʹ09.4ʺ N, 127°51ʹ55.2ʺ E • 11 LSN; 1991–2005 • 31 LSN, 28 of which molted to cyprids; 2018–2019 (Tables 1 and S1).
Description
LAST-STAGE NAUPLIUS (LSN). Lecithotrophic. Body spoon-shaped in dorso-ventral view; about twice as long as wide; cephalic shield widely ovate, with sharp discontinuity in body outline leading into trunk. In lateral view, trunk axis bent downwards 30–35° with respect to cephalic axis. Length 240–270 µm (ventral view in life, without dorso-caudal spine), greatest width 175 µm, greatest dorso-ventral thickness ca 110 µm. Labrum with goblet-shaped outline in ventral view, its free, rounded posterior margin being extended into medium-sized (15 µm long) medial spine (‘stem’ of ‘goblet’); labral surface divided into facets by cuticular ridges; pore pattern not examined. Caudal end attenuate, terminating in robust, 90 µm long dorso-caudal spine armed with smaller spines and accompanied ventrally at base by pair of triangular furcal spines ca 10 µm long; axis of dorso-caudal spine bent upwards at 30° with respect to trunk axis.
CYPRID VIEWED THROUGH CUTICLE OF LSN. Body weakly brownish with many yolk granules/lipid vesicles concentrated dorsally, one typically being situated in midline anterior to nauplius eye, and with clusters of small vesicles posterior to compound eyes. Telson about as long as wide, about half as long as thorax.
Identification and variation
Recognizable by the combination of its general shape, the large, spinose dorso-caudal spine and the large, goblet-shaped labrum with a free posterior extension continuing into a median spine overhanging the mouth region. Little morphological variation is seen between specimens, most or all of which have internal lipid vesicles/yolk granules distributed as described above. Molecular diversity revealed by sequencing 13 specimens (Dreyer et al. 2023a) suggests that this naupliar morphospecies comprises three cryptic species.
Distribution
Japan (Sesoko Island, Okinawa).
description: Published as part of Olesen, Jørgen & Grygier, Mark J., 2024, Taxonomic diversity of marine planktonic ' y-larvae' (Crustacea: Facetotecta) from a coral reef hotspot locality (Japan, Okinawa), with a key to y-nauplii, pp. 1-90 in European Journal of Taxonomy 929 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.929.2479, http://zenodo.org/record/10876286
Relative equilibria of Lagrangian systems with symmetry
Creators: name: Crampin, M.
name: Mestdag, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34A05; 34A26; 37J15; 37J15; 70H03

description: We discuss the characterization of relative equilibria of Lagrangian systems with symmetry.
description: 16 pages, to appear in J. Geom. Phys
Massive Compact Bardeen Stars with Conformal Motion
Creators: name: Shamir, M. Farasat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main focus of this paper is to discuss the solutions of Einstein-Maxwell's field equations for compact stars study. We have chosen the MIT bag model equation of state for the pressure-energy density relationship and conformal Killing vectors are used to investigate the appropriate forms for metric coefficients. We impose the boundary conditions, by choosing the Bardeen model to describe as an exterior spacetime. The Bardeen model may provide the analysis with some interesting results. For example, the extra terms involved in the asymptotic representations as compared to the usual Reissner-Nordstrom case may influence the mass of a stellar structure. Both energy density and pressure profiles behave realistically except a central singularity. It is shown that the energy conditions are satisfied in our study. The equilibrium conditions through TOV equation and stability criteria through Adiabatic index for the charged stellar structure study are investigated. Lastly, we have also provided a little review of the case with Reissner-Nordstrom spacetime as an exterior geometry for the matching condition. In both cases, the masses obey the Andreasson's limit $\sqrt{M} \leq \sqrt{R}/3+\sqrt{R/9+q^2/3R}$ requirement for a charged star. Conclusively, the results show that Bardeen model geometry provides more massive stellar objects as compared to usual Reissner-Nordstrom spacetime. In particular, the current study supports the existence of realistic massive structures like PSR J $1614-2230$.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Essays on political economy
Creators: name: Susamto, Akhmad Akbar
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Economics Political aspects.
subject: Expenditures, Public
subject: Democracy
subject: Elections Economic aspects

description: This thesis consists of three self-contained essays which address three different issues with respect to the roles of democratic and non-democratic institutions in the economy. The first essay titled, 'Democratisation, systems of government and public spending' investigates whether changes from non-democratic government systems to democracy bring about a significant effect on the size of public spending relative to a country's economy. Based on unbalanced panel data for 177 countries over the period 1960-2008, the results provide evidence that the effect of democratisation on public spending size is not robustly significant and depends on the specifics of government systems that prevail before and after a political change. Further, the results provide evidence that only democratisation that originates from a military dictatorship and ends up with a parliamentary democracy has a robust and significant effect on public spending size. The second essay titled 'Electoral budget cycles under non-democratic regimes' investigates the relationship between elections and central government budget balance in countries that are considered to be non-democratic. Using a sample consisting of unbalanced panel data from 29 countries between 1960 and 2006, the essay provides evidence that electoral budget cycles do exist under non-democratic regimes. The relationship between elections and central government budget balance is significant and robust to a number of variations in control variables, estimation models, sample selection criteria and designations of election year dummy. The essay also provides evidence that the persistence of the relationship is driven by countries that are less distant from democracy (that is, shallow autocracies). The third essay titled 'Food prices and political survival' investigates the relationship between food prices and the occurrence of national leader exits, particularly in food importing countries. Using international food price and domestic consumption data to construct a country-specific food price index for 77 economies between 1961 and 2009, the essay provides evidence that food prices have a robust significant effect on political survival. The effect does not change with changes in the log of real GDP per capita, real GDP per capita growth rate and the state of democracy. However, once the joint-effect between food prices and the state of democracy is controlled, the effect of food prices on political survival is significant only under democracy and not under non-democracy.
Modelling the Pan-Spectral Energy Distribution of Starburst Galaxies: II. Control of the \HII Region Parameters
Creators: name: Dopita, Michael A.
name: Fischera, Joerg
name: Sutherland, Ralph S.
name: Kewley, Lisa J.
name: Tuffs, Richard J.
name: Popescu, Cristina C.
name: van Breugel, Wil
name: Groves, Brent A.
name: Leitherer, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine, from a theoretical viewpoint, how the physical parameters of HII regions are controlled in both normal galaxies and in starburst environments. These parameters are the HII region luminosity function, the time-dependent size, the covering fraction of molecular clouds, the pressure in the ionized gas and the ionization parameter. The factors which control them are the initial mass function of the exciting stars, the cluster mass function, the metallicity and the mean pressure in the surrounding interstellar medium. We investigate the sensitivity of the H$α$ luminosity to the IMF, and find that this can translate to more than a factor two variation in derived star formation rates. The molecular cloud dissipation timescale is estimated from a case study of M17 to be $\sim1$ Myr for this object. Based upon HII luminosity function fitting for nearby galaxies, we suggest that the \HII region cluster mass function is fitted by a log-normal form peaking at $\sim 100 M_{\odot}$. The cluster mass function continues the stellar IMF to higher mass. The pressure in the HII regions is controlled by the mechanical luminosity flux from the central cluster. Since this is closely related to the ionizing photon flux, we show that the ionization parameter is not a free variable, and that the diffuse ionized medium may be composed of many large, faint and old HII regions. Finally, we derive theoretical probability distributions for the ionization parameter as a function of metallicity and compare these to those derived for SDSS galaxies.
description: 36 pages, 8 figures. To be published in Astrophysical Journal, August 2006
Efficient Learning of Continuous-Variable Quantum States
Creators: name: Wu, Ya-Dong
name: Zhu, Yan
name: Chiribella, Giulio
name: Liu, Nana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characterization of continuous-variable quantum states is crucial for applications in quantum communication, sensing, simulation and computing. However, a full characterization of multimode quantum states requires a number of experiments that grows exponentially with the number of modes. Here we propose an alternative approach where the goal is not to reconstruct the full quantum state, but rather to estimate its characteristic function at a given set of points. For multimode states with reflection symmetry, we show that the characteristic function at M points can be estimated using only O(log M ) copies of the state, independently of the number of modes. When the characteristic function is known to be positive, as in the case of squeezed vacuum states, the estimation is achieved by an experimentally friendly setup using only beamsplitters and homodyne measurements.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures. Comments are welcome
Supplementary document for Time-domain characterization of electric field vector in multi-terahertz pulses using polarization-modulated electro-optic sampling - 6741435.pdf
Creators: name: Kanda, Natsuki
name: Nakagawa, Mayuri
name: Murotani, Yuta
name: Matsunaga, Ryusuke
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Latent-Conditioned Policy Gradient for Multi-Objective Deep Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Kanazawa, Takuya
name: Gupta, Chetan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sequential decision making in the real world often requires finding a good balance of conflicting objectives. In general, there exist a plethora of Pareto-optimal policies that embody different patterns of compromises between objectives, and it is technically challenging to obtain them exhaustively using deep neural networks. In this work, we propose a novel multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) algorithm that trains a single neural network via policy gradient to approximately obtain the entire Pareto set in a single run of training, without relying on linear scalarization of objectives. The proposed method works in both continuous and discrete action spaces with no design change of the policy network. Numerical experiments in benchmark environments demonstrate the practicality and efficacy of our approach in comparison to standard MORL baselines.
description: 23 pages, 16 figures. Accepted at ICANN 2023
Exact hybrid-kinetic equilibria for magnetized plasmas with shearing flows
Creators: name: Guzzi, Giovanni
name: Settino, Adriana
name: Valentini, Francesco
name: Malara, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Magnetized plasmas characterized by shearing flows are present in many natural contexts, such as the Earth's magnetopause and the solar wind. The collisionless nature of involved plasmas requires a kinetic description. When the width of the shear layer is of the order of ion scales, the Hybrid Vlasov-Maxwell approach can be adopted. Aims. The aim of the paper is to derive explicit forms for stationary configurations of magnetized plasmas with planar shearing flows,within the Hybrid Vlasov-Maxwell description. Two configurations are considered: the first with a uniform magnetic field obliquely directed with respect to the bulk velocity; and the second with a uniform-magnitude variable-direction magnetic field. Methods. Stationary ion distribution functions are obtained by combining single-particle constant of motions, which are derived studying particle dynamics. Preliminary information about the form of the distribution functions are analytically derived considering a local approximation for the background electromagnetic field. Then, a numerical method is set up to obtain a solution for general profiles. Results. The explicit distribution functions that are found allow to obtain profiles of density, bulk velocity, temperature and heat flux. Anisotropy and agyrotropy in the distribution function are also evaluated. Stationarity of the solution during numerical simulations is checked in the uniform oblique magnetic field case. Conclusions. The considered configurations can be used as models for the Earth's magnetopause in simulations of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures
Minimal and maximal lengths from position-dependent noncommutativity
Creators: name: Lawson, Latévi M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fring and al in their paper entitled "Strings from position-dependent noncommutativity" have introduced a new set of noncommutative space commutation relations in two space dimensions. It had been shown that any fundamental objects introduced in this space-space non-commutativity are string-like. Taking this result into account, we generalize the seminal work of Fring and al to the case that there is also a maximal length from position-dependent noncommutativity and minimal momentum arising from generalized versions of Heisenberg's uncertainty relations. The existence of maximal length is related to the presence of an extra, first order term in particle's length that provides the basic difference of our analysis with theirs. This maximal length breaks up the well known singularity problem of space time. We establish different representations of this noncommutative space and finally we study some basic and interesting quantum mechanical systems in these new variables.
description: 25 pages
Energy-based Dropout in Restricted Boltzmann Machines: Why not go random
Creators: name: Roder, Mateus
name: de Rosa, Gustavo H.
name: de Albuquerque, Victor Hugo C.
name: Rossi, André L. D.
name: Papa, João P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning architectures have been widely fostered throughout the last years, being used in a wide range of applications, such as object recognition, image reconstruction, and signal processing. Nevertheless, such models suffer from a common problem known as overfitting, which limits the network from predicting unseen data effectively. Regularization approaches arise in an attempt to address such a shortcoming. Among them, one can refer to the well-known Dropout, which tackles the problem by randomly shutting down a set of neurons and their connections according to a certain probability. Therefore, this approach does not consider any additional knowledge to decide which units should be disconnected. In this paper, we propose an energy-based Dropout (E-Dropout) that makes conscious decisions whether a neuron should be dropped or not. Specifically, we design this regularization method by correlating neurons and the model's energy as an importance level for further applying it to energy-based models, such as Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs). The experimental results over several benchmark datasets revealed the proposed approach's suitability compared to the traditional Dropout and the standard RBMs.