cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
George William Scott Blair -- the pioneer of factional calculus in rheology
Creators: name: Rogosin, Sergei
name: Mainardi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 26A33, 60G22, 74-03, 74D05, 76-03, 76A10

description: The article shows the pioneering role of the British scientist, Professor G.W.Scott Blair, in the creation of the application of fractional modelling in rheology. Discussion of his results is presented. His approach is highly recognized by the rheological society and is adopted and generalized by his successors. Further development of this branch of Science is briefly described in this article too.
description: 22 pages, extended version of the paper published in Communications in Applied and Industrial Mathematics (2014), Vol 6, No 1 -e681; ISSN 2038-0909; DOI:10.1685/journal.caim.481
Human neutrophils and HL-60 cells do not possess alpha 2-adrenoceptors
Creators: name: Musgrave, I. F.
name: Seifert, Roland
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 615 Pharmazie
subject: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists/pharmacology
subject: Azepines/pharmacology
subject: Dioxanes/pharmacology
subject: GTP Phosphohydrolases/metabolism
subject: Humans
subject: Idazoxan/analogs & derivatives
subject: Isoproterenol/pharmacology
subject: N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine
subject: Neutrophils/metabolism
subject: Quinoxalines/pharmacology
subject: Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/drug effects
subject: Superoxides/analysis
subject: Tritium
subject: Tumor Cells, Cultured/metabolism

description: Human neutrophils have been reported to possess both alpha 2- and beta 2-adrenoceptors. While activation of beta 2-adrenoceptors is known to inhibit N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide anion (O2-) production, the functional role of alpha 2-adrenoceptors is not known. We studied the effects of a range of structurally unrelated alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists on fMLP-induced O2- production and UTP-induced increases in cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in human neutrophils. No effect of alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists was seen on either fMLP-induced O2- production or UTP-induced increases in [Ca2+]i. alpha 2-Adrenoceptor agonists by themselves had no effect on either O2- production or [Ca2+]i. We then studied a model for neutrophils, differentiated HL-60 cells and human erythroleukaemia (HEL) cells, a cell line known to possess alpha 2-adrenoceptors. While the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists 5-bromo-6-(2-imidazolin-2-ylamino)-quinoxaline (UK 14304) and 5-allyl-2-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-thiazolo-[4,5-d]azepin- dihydrochloride increased the [Ca2+]i in HEL cells, they had no effect by themselves on either [Ca2+]i or UTP-induced increases in [Ca2+]i in differentiated HL-60 cells. Activation of high-affinity GTPase by UK 14304 was seen in membranes from HEL cells but not in membranes from differentiated HL-60 cells. Similarly, a selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, [3H]2-(2-methoxy-1,4-benzodioxan-2yl)-2 imidazoline, bound specifically and saturably to membranes from HEL cells, but not to membranes from HL-60 promyelocytes or differentiated HL-60 cells. Taken together, these data suggest that neither HL-60 promyelocytes nor differentiated HL-60 cells possess alpha 2-adrenoceptors, and that the lack of functional responses to alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists in human neutrophils is due to the absence of alpha 2-adrenoceptors.
Preparations of Rp-cyclic adenosine 3',5'-phosphorothioate (Rp-cAMPS) can contain biologically active amounts of adenosine
Creators: name: Musgrave, I. F.
name: Genieser, H. G.
name: Maronde, E.
name: Seifert, Roland
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 615 Pharmazie
subject: Adenosine/analysis
subject: Adenosine Deaminase/pharmacology
subject: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
subject: Cyclic AMP/pharmacology
subject: Female
subject: Humans
subject: Male
subject: N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine/pharmacology
subject: Neutrophils/metabolism
subject: Protein Kinase Inhibitors
subject: Superoxides/blood
subject: Thionucleotides/pharmacology

description: Superoxide anion (O2-.) production from human neutrophils stimulated by N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP, 1 microM) was inhibited by preparations of the inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, Rp-cyclic adenosine 3',5'-phosphorothioate (Rp-cAMPS, 100 microM). This effect of Rp-cAMPS was reversed by xanthine amine congener (0.1 microM), an adenosine receptor antagonist, and by low concentrations of adenosine desaminase (0.02 mg/ml). HPLC analysis shows that these preparations of Rp-cAMPS contained concentrations of adenosine which could produce significant inhibition of fMLP-induced O2-. production. These results suggest that Rp-cAMPS should be used with caution in cells or tissues containing adenosine receptors, and that preparations of Rp-cAMPS should be treated with adenosine desaminase before use to avoid activation of adenosine receptors.
Finding Similar Exercises in Retrieval Manner
Creators: name: Huang, Tongwen
name: Li, Xihua
name: Yi, Chao
name: Zhao, Xuemin
name: Cao, Yunbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When students make a mistake in an exercise, they can consolidate it by ``similar exercises'' which have the same concepts, purposes and methods. Commonly, for a certain subject and study stage, the size of the exercise bank is in the range of millions to even tens of millions, how to find similar exercises for a given exercise becomes a crucial technical problem. Generally, we can assign a variety of explicit labels to the exercise, and then query through the labels, but the label annotation is time-consuming, laborious and costly, with limited precision and granularity, so it is not feasible. In practice, we define ``similar exercises'' as a retrieval process of finding a set of similar exercises based on recall, ranking and re-rank procedures, called the \textbf{FSE} problem (Finding similar exercises). Furthermore, comprehensive representation of the semantic information of exercises was obtained through representation learning. In addition to the reasonable architecture, we also explore what kind of tasks are more conducive to the learning of exercise semantic information from pre-training and supervised learning. It is difficult to annotate similar exercises and the annotation consistency among experts is low. Therefore this paper also provides solutions to solve the problem of low-quality annotated data. Compared with other methods, this paper has obvious advantages in both architecture rationality and algorithm precision, which now serves the daily teaching of hundreds of schools.
description: 37th Conference on AAAI 2023 Artificial Intelligence for Education(AI4Edu)
Synthetic lipopeptide Pam3CysSer(Lys)4 is an effective activator of human platelets
Creators: name: Berger, M.
name: Offermanns, S.
name: Seifert, Roland
name: Schultz, Günter
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 615 Pharmazie
subject: Blood Platelets/drug effects
subject: Calcium/metabolism
subject: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
subject: Epoprostenol/pharmacology
subject: Genistein
subject: Humans
subject: Intracellular Membranes/metabolism
subject: Isoflavones/pharmacology
subject: Lipoproteins/pharmacology
subject: Osmolar Concentration
subject: Phosphorylation/drug effects
subject: Platelet Activation
subject: Platelet Aggregation
subject: Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
subject: Receptors, Epoprostenol
subject: Receptors, Prostaglandin/antagonists & inhibitors
subject: Serotonin/metabolism
subject: Tyrosine/metabolism

description: Lipopeptide analogues of the NH2-terminus of bacterial lipoprotein are known to induce activation of macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes. We studied the effect of the lipopeptide N-palmitoyl-S-[2,3-bis(palmitoyloxy)-(2RS)-propyl]-(R)-cysteinyl-( S)-seryl-(S)-lysyl-(S)-lysyl-(S)-lysyl-(S)-lysine [Pam3CysSer(Lys)4] on several functions of human platelets. Pam3CysSer(Lys)4 led to the aggregation of platelets and induced the secretion of serotonin with an effectiveness similar to thrombin. These cellular effects of Pam3CysSer(Lys)4 were concentration dependent, being half maximal at 2-3 microM and maximal at 10-30 microM. Another lipopeptide also induced platelet aggregation and serotonin secretion but was less potent and less effective than Pam3CysSer(Lys)4. The lipid moiety and the peptide moiety of Pam3CysSer(Lys)4 alone were without any effect. Lipopeptides also stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of several proteins with molecular masses similar to those found to be tyrosine phosphorylated in response to thrombin, and Pam3CysSer(Lys)4 led to an increase in the cytosolic calcium concentration. All studied responses of platelets to lipopeptides were inhibited by the prostacyclin receptor agonist cicaprost. Taken together, our data show that lipopeptides are effective activators of human platelets and that this activation is susceptible to the action of physiological platelet inhibitors.
Discrete-time gradient flows and law of large numbers in Alexandrov spaces
Creators: name: Ohta, Shin-ichi
name: Pálfia, Miklós
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop the theory of discrete-time gradient flows for convex functions on Alexandrov spaces with arbitrary upper or lower curvature bounds. We employ different resolvent maps in the upper and lower curvature bound cases to construct such a flow, and show its convergence to a minimizer of the potential function. We also prove a stochastic version, a generalized law of large numbers for convex function valued random variables, which not only extends Sturm's law of large numbers on nonpositively curved spaces to arbitrary lower or upper curvature bounds, but this version seems new even in the Euclidean setting. These results generalize those in nonpositively curved spaces (partly for squared distance functions) due to Bačák, Jost, Sturm and others, and the lower curvature bound case seems entirely new.
description: 28 pages; minor corrections; to appear in Calc. Var. PDE
3D Face Reconstruction for Forensic Recognition -- A Survey
Creators: name: La Cava, Simone Maurizio
name: Orrù, Giulia
name: Goldmann, Tomáš
name: Drahansky, Martin
name: Marcialis, Gian Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: 3D face reconstruction algorithms from images and videos are applied to many fields, from plastic surgery to the entertainment sector, thanks to their advantageous features. However, when looking at forensic applications, 3D face reconstruction must observe strict requirements that still make unclear its possible role in bringing evidence to a lawsuit. Shedding some light on this matter is the goal of the present survey, where we start by clarifying the relation between forensic applications and biometrics. To our knowledge, no previous work adopted this relation to make the point on the state of the art. Therefore, we analyzed the achievements of 3D face reconstruction algorithms from surveillance videos and mugshot images and discussed the current obstacles that separate 3D face reconstruction from an active role in forensic applications.
Revisiting Discrete Dark Matter Model:θ_{13}\neq0 and ν_{R} Dark Matter
Creators: name: Hamada, Yuta
name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo
name: Ogasahara, Atsushi
name: Omura, Yuji
name: Takayama, Fumihiro
name: Yasuhara, Daiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the discrete dark matter model with $A_4$ flavor symmetry originally introduced by M.Hirsch {\it et.al}. We show that radiative corrections can lead to non-zero $θ_{13}$ and non-zero mass for the lightest neutrino. We find an interesting relation among neutrino mixing parameters and it indicates the sizable deviation of $s_{23}$ from the maximal angle $s_{23}^2=1/2$ and the degenerate mass spectrum for neutrinos. Also we study the possibilities that the right-handed neutrino is a dark matter candidate. Assuming the thermal freeze-out explains observed dark matter abundance, TeV-scale right-handed neutrino and flavored scalar bosons are required. In such a case, flavor symmetry plays an important role for the suppression of lepton flavor violating processes as well as for the stability of dark matter. We show that this scenario can be viable against currently existing constraints from collider, low energy experiments and cosmological observations.
description: The wrong estimations in Eq(4.9) and Fig.14 in the published version of this paper are corrected. As the result, the prefered mass range for $\eta$ bosons are lowered. Some comments on constraints from rare lepton decays and SM precision test added
Maitotoxin activates cation channels distinct from the receptor-activated non-selective cation channels of HL-60 cells
Creators: name: Musgrave, I. F.
name: Seifert, Roland
name: Schultz, Günter
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 615 Pharmazie
subject: Bucladesine/pharmacology
subject: Cadmium/pharmacology
subject: Calcium/metabolism
subject: Cations
subject: Fluorescent Dyes
subject: Fura-2
subject: Gadolinium/pharmacology
subject: Humans
subject: Imidazoles/pharmacology
subject: Ion Channels/drug effects
subject: Manganese/pharmacology
subject: Marine Toxins/pharmacology
subject: N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine/pharmacology
subject: Oxocins
subject: Terpenes/pharmacology
subject: Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology
subject: Thapsigargin
subject: Tumor Cells, Cultured

description: We investigated whether maitotoxin activates non-selective cation channels, as was recently proposed [Soergel, Yasumoto, Daly and Gusovsky (1992) Mol. Pharmacol. 41, 487-493]. Stimulation of dibutyryl cyclic AMP-differentiated HL-60 cells with the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP; 0.1 microM), the Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin (0.1 microM) or maitotoxin (25 ng/ml) resulted in an increase in cytoplasmic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i). Unlike fMLP and thapsigargin, maitotoxin produced no increase in [Ca2+]i in the absence of extracellular Ca2+. The increase in [Ca2+]i induced by fMLP was blocked by pretreatment with pertussis toxin (100 ng/ml for 24 h) but not that induced by maitotoxin. Similarly, the increase in [Ca2+]i produced by fMLP but not that produced by maitotoxin was inhibited by pretreatment with phorbol myristate acetate (100 ng/ml). Both fMLP- and maitotoxin-induced increases in [Ca2+]i were blocked by 1-(beta-[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy]-4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1H-imid azole hydrochloride (SKF 96365) in a concentration-dependent manner. However, the maitotoxin-induced increase in [Ca2+]i was more sensitive to inhibition by SKF 96365 than the fMLP-induced increase. fMLP-induced increases in [Ca2+]i were blocked by cations with Gd3+ being more effective than Cd2+, whereas for maitotoxin Cd2+ was more effective than Gd3+. Both fMLP and thapsigargin stimulated quenching of Fura-2 fluorescence in the presence of extracellular Mn2+, whereas maitotoxin produced no Mn2+ quenching. Taken together these results suggest that maitotoxin does not stimulate the nonselective cation channel activated by fMLP, but instead activates Ca2+ influx by a different mechanism.
A lower bound of quantum conditional mutual information
Creators: name: Zhang, Lin
name: Wu, Junde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, a lower bound of quantum conditional mutual information is obtained by employing the Peierls-Bogoliubov inequality and Golden Thompson inequality. Comparison with the bounds obtained by other researchers indicates that our result is independent of any measurements. It may give some new insights over squashed entanglement and perturbations of Markov chain states.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX, published version. The missed second author is also added
Lipopeptides activate Gi-proteins in dibutyryl cyclic AMP-differentiated HL-60 cells
Creators: name: Klinker, J. F.
name: Höer, A.
name: Schwaner, I.
name: Offermanns, S.
name: Wenzel-Seifert, Katharina
name: Seifert, Roland
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 615 Pharmazie
subject: Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose/metabolism
subject: Amino Acid Sequence
subject: Bucladesine/pharmacology
subject: Cell Differentiation/drug effects
subject: Cell Line
subject: GTP Phosphohydrolases/metabolism
subject: GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
subject: Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism
subject: Humans
subject: Kinetics
subject: Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute
subject: Lipoproteins/pharmacology
subject: Membrane Proteins/metabolism
subject: Molecular Sequence Data
subject: N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine/pharmacology
subject: Neutrophils/metabolism
subject: Pertussis Toxin
subject: Superoxides/metabolism
subject: Time Factors
subject: Tumor Cells, Cultured
subject: Virulence Factors, Bordetella/pharmacology

description: Synthetic lipopeptides activate superoxide-anion (O2-) formation in human neutrophils in a pertussis-toxin (PTX)-sensitive manner, suggesting the involvement of G-proteins of the Gi family in the signal-transduction pathway. We compared G-protein activation by lipopeptides and the chemotactic peptide N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) in dibutyryl-cyclic-AMP-differentiated HL-60 cells. The lipopeptide (2S)-2-palmitoylamino-6-palmitoyloxymethyl-7-palmitoyloxy heptanoyl-SK4 (Pam3AhhSK4) and fMLP activated high-affinity GTPase, i.e. the enzymic activity of G-protein alpha-subunits, in HL-60 membranes in a time- and protein-dependent manner, but they had no effect on Mg(2+)-ATPase and Na+/K(+)-ATPase. Pam3AhhSK4 and fMLP increased Vmax. of GTP hydrolysis. Pam3AhhSK4 activated GTP hydrolysis with half-maximal and maximal effects at about 2 microM and 10 microM respectively. Other lipopeptides activated GTP hydrolysis as well. Lipopeptides were less effective than fMLP to activate GTPase. In membranes from PTX-treated cells, the stimulatory effects of lipopeptides and fMLP on GTPase were abolished. In N-ethylmaleimide-treated membranes, the relative stimulatory effect of Pam3AhhSK4 on GTP hydrolysis was enhanced, whereas that of fMLP was diminished. fMLP and Pam3AhhSK4 activated GTPase in an over-additive manner in N-ethylmaleimide-treated membranes. Unlike fMLP, Pam3AhhSK4 did not enhance incorporation of GTP azidoanilide into, and cholera-toxin-catalysed ADP-ribosylation of Gi-protein alpha-subunits in, HL-60 membranes and did not induce rises in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. Pam3AhhSK4 and fMLP stimulated phosphatidic acid formation in a PTX-sensitive manner. Pam3AhhSK4 itself did not activate O2- formation, but potentiated the stimulatory effects of fMLP. Our data suggest that (i) lipopeptides activate the GTPase of Gi-proteins, (ii) lipopeptides and fMLP activate Gi-proteins differently, (iii) lipopeptides stimulate phospholipase D via Gi-proteins, and (iv) phosphatidic acid formation is not sufficient for activation of O2- formation.
On the cosmic convergence mechanism of the massless dilaton
Creators: name: Minazzoli, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The converging mechanism discussed in [Damour & Nordtvedt, Physical Review Letters,70,15] for scalar-tensor theories has been applied to dilaton-like theories in several subsequent papers. In the present communication, we show that an unfortunate assumption in those studies led to a scalar-field equation unsuitable for the study of the dilaton field. The corrected scalar-field equation turns to change the numerical outcome of those studies in general, but even sometimes their qualitative aftermath. Therefore, the present result call for new investigations of the subject. On the other hand, our result shows that the string-inspired theory presented in [Minazzoli & Hees, Physical Review D,88,4] is naturally solution to the problem of the effective constancy of the fundamental coupling constants at late cosmic times, while it requires less fine-tuning than other massless dilaton or usual stalar-tensor theories.
description: 4 pages -- accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Mixed quantum states in higher categories
Creators: name: Heunen, Chris
name: Vicary, Jamie
name: Wester, Linde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There are two ways to describe the interaction between classical and quantum information categorically: one based on completely positive maps between Frobenius algebras, the other using symmetric monoidal 2-categories. This paper makes a first step towards combining the two. The integrated approach allows a unified description of quantum teleportation and classical encryption in a single 2-category, as well as a universal security proof applicable simultaneously to both scenarios.
description: In Proceedings QPL 2014, arXiv:1412.8102
Partial inhibition of human neutrophil activation by FK-506 at supratherapeutic concentrations
Creators: name: Wenzel-Seifert, Katharina
name: Seifert, Roland
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 615 Pharmazie
subject: Adult
subject: Calcimycin/pharmacology
subject: Calcium/metabolism
subject: Cyclosporine/pharmacology
subject: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
subject: Female
subject: Humans
subject: Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/pathology
subject: Male
subject: N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine/pharmacology
subject: Neutrophils/metabolism
subject: Superoxides/metabolism
subject: Tacrolimus/pharmacology
subject: Tumor Cells, Cultured

description: The macrolide, FK-506, is a potent and effective inhibitor of lymphocyte activation. We studied the effects of FK-506 on human neutrophil activation induced by chemoattractants and by various substances which circumvent receptor stimulation. After preincubation for 5 min at 37 degrees C, FK-506 (1 microM) inhibited N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMet-Leu-Phe)- or platelet-activating factor-induced superoxide production in neutrophils by about 30%. At therapeutic concentrations (0.1-1 nM) FK-506 was ineffective. FK-506 did not inhibit exocytosis and rises in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration [Ca2+]i mediated by these stimuli, and it did not at all inhibit neutrophil activation induced by C5a, leukotriene B4 and 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. FK-506 (1 microM) inhibited A23187-induced exocytosis by about 35%, but A23187-induced superoxide production was unaffected. After preincubation for 5 min at 37 degrees C, FK-506 inhibited fMet-Leu-Phe-induced superoxide production in dibutyryl cAMP-differentiated HL-60 cells by about 20%; preincubation with the drug for 24 h did not result in inhibition of superoxide production. FK-506 did not inhibit agonist-binding to formyl peptide receptors and fMet-Leu-Phe-stimulated GTP hydrolysis of heterotrimeric regulatory guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins) in membranes from dibutyryl cAMP-differentiated HL-60 cells. FK-506 did not change steady-state and differential polarized phase fluorescence in HL-60 membranes using 1,6-diphenylhexa-1,3,5-triene and 12-(9-anthroyloxy)-stearate as probes. Our results show that FK-506 at supratherapeutic concentrations partially inhibits neutrophil activation. Inhibition by FK-506 of fMet-Leu-Phe-induced superoxide production is rapid in onset and is not due to inhibition of agonist-binding to receptors, interference with G-proteins or protein kinase C, reduction of rises in [Ca2+]i or alteration in physical membrane state.
Cyclosporin H is a potent and selective formyl peptide receptor antagonist. Comparison with N-t-butoxycarbonyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanyl-L- leucyl-L-phenylalanine and cyclosporins A, B, C, D, and E
Creators: name: Wenzel-Seifert, Katharina
name: Seifert, Roland
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 615 Pharmazie
subject: Amino Acid Sequence
subject: Bucladesine/pharmacology
subject: Cell Differentiation/drug effects
subject: Cell Membrane/metabolism
subject: Cyclosporine
subject: Cyclosporins/pharmacology
subject: Glucuronidase/metabolism
subject: Humans
subject: Molecular Sequence Data
subject: N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine/metabolism
subject: Oligopeptides/pharmacology
subject: Receptors, Formyl Peptide
subject: Receptors, Immunologic/antagonists & inhibitors
subject: Superoxides/metabolism
subject: Tumor Cells, Cultured

description: The cyclic undecapeptide, cyclosporin (Cs) H, is a potent inhibitor of FMLP-induced superoxide anion (O2-) formation in human neutrophils. We studied the effects of CsH in comparison with those of N-t-butoxycarbonyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-leucyl-L- phenylalanine (BocPLPLP), a well known formyl peptide receptor antagonist, and of other Cs on activation of N6,2'-O-dibutyryl adenosine 3:5'-monophosphate-differentiated HL-60 cells and human erythroleukemia cells (HEL cells). CsH inhibited FMLP binding in HL-60 membranes with a Ki (inhibition constant) of 0.10 microM. CsH inhibited activation by FMLP of high affinity GTPase (the enzymatic activity of alpha-subunits of heterotrimeric regulatory guanine nucleotide-binding proteins) in HL-60 membranes with a Ki of 0.79 microM. CsH inhibited the stimulatory effects of FMLP on cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), O2- formation, and beta-glucuronidase release with Ki values of 0.08, 0.24, and 0.45 microM, respectively. BocPLPLP was 14-fold less potent than CsH in inhibiting FMLP binding and 4- to 6-fold less potent than CsH in inhibiting FMLP-induced GTP hydrolysis, rises in [Ca2+]i, O2- formation, and beta-glucuronidase release. CsA reduced FMLP-induced O2- formation by 20%, but CsB, CsC, CsD, and CsE did not. CsA, CsB, CsC, CsD, and CsE did not affect FMLP-induced rises in [Ca2+]i. BocPLPLP inhibited leukotriene B4-induced rises in [Ca2+]i with a Ki of 0.33 microM, whereas CsH showed no inhibitory effect. CsH and BocPLPLP did not inhibit the rises in [Ca2+]i induced by several other stimuli in HL-60 cells and HEL cells. Our results show that 1) CsH is a more potent formyl peptide receptor antagonist than BocPLPLP; 2) unlike BocPLPLP, CsH is selective; and 3) N-methyl-D-valine which is present at position 11 of the amino acid sequence of CsH but not of other Cs is crucial for FMLP antagonism.
Guanine nucleotides stimulate NADPH oxidase in membranes of human neutrophils
Creators: name: Seifert, Roland
name: Rosenthal, W.
name: Schultz, Günter
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 615 Pharmazie
subject: Cell Membrane/enzymology
subject: Enzyme Activation/drug effects
subject: Guanine Nucleotides/pharmacology
subject: Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)
subject: Guanosine Triphosphate/pharmacology
subject: Humans
subject: NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/blood
subject: NADPH Oxidase
subject: Neutrophils/enzymology
subject: Superoxides/blood
subject: Thionucleotides/pharmacology

description: In the chain of events by which chemotactic peptides stimulate NADPH oxidase-catalyzed superoxide formation in human neutrophils, the involvements of a pertussis toxin-sensitive guanine nucleotide-binding protein (N-protein), mobilization of intracellular calcium and protein kinase C stimulation have been proposed. Superoxide formation was studied in membranes from human neutrophils; NADPH oxidase was stimulated by arachidonic acid in the presence of neutrophil cytosol. Fluoride and stable GTP analogues, such as GTP gamma S and GppNHp, which all activate N-proteins, enhanced NADPH oxidase activity up to 4-fold. GDP beta S inhibited the effect of GTP gamma S. These data suggest that NADPH oxidase is regulated by an N-protein, independent of an elevation of the cytoplasmic calcium concentration.
AMHARIC SPEECH RECOGNITION USING JOINT TRANSFORMER AND CONNECTIONIST TEMPORAL CLASSIFICATION WITH CHARACTER-BASED AND SUBWORD-BASED ACOUSTIC AND LANGUAGE MODELS
Creators: name: Zede
Publisher: name: Zede Journal of Ethiopian Engineers and Architects
Year: 2024

description: Sequence-to-sequence attention-based models have gained considerable attention in recent times for automatic speech recognition. The transformer architecture has been extensively employed for a variety of sequence-to-sequence transformation problems, including machine translation and automatic speech recognition. This architecture avoids sequential computation that is used in recurrent neural networks and leads to improved iteration rate during the training phase. Connectionist temporal classification, on the other hand, is widely employed to accelerate the convergence of the sequence-to-sequence model by explicitly learning a better alignment between the input speech feature and output label sequences. Amharic language, a Semitic language spoken by 57.5 million people in Ethiopia, is a morphologically rich language that poses a challenge for continuous speech recognition as a root word can be conjugated and inflected into thousands of words to reflect subject, object, tense and quantity. In this research, the connectionist temporal classification is integrated with the transformer for continuous Amharic speech recognition. A speech recognition system is also investigated by utilizing character- based and sub word-based models. The results show that a best character error rate of 8.04 % for the character-based model with character level language model and a best word error rate of 22.31 % for the sub word-based model with sub word-level language model.
description: Zede Journal of Ethiopian Engineers and Architects, Vol. 42 (2024): Zede Journal of Ethiopian Engineers and Architects
N$^3$LO Higgs and Drell-Yan production at threshold: the one-loop two-emission contribution
Creators: name: Li, Ye
name: von Manteuffel, Andreas
name: Schabinger, Robert M.
name: Zhu, Hua Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study phenomenologically interesting soft radiation distributions in massless QCD. Specifically, we consider the emission of two soft partons off of a pair of light-like Wilson lines, in either the fundamental or the adjoint representation, at next-to-leading order. Our results are an essential component of the next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order threshold corrections to both Higgs boson production in the gluon fusion channel and Drell-Yan lepton production. Our calculations are consistent with the recently published results for Higgs boson production. As a non-trivial cross-check on our analysis, we rederive a recent prediction for the Drell-Yan threshold cross section using a completely different strategy. Our results are compact, valid to all orders in the dimensional regularization parameter, and expressed in terms of pure functions.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure. Version 2 is the final, published version of this article
Evidence that inhibition of phorbol ester-induced superoxide anion formation by cyclosporin A in phagocytes is not mediated by direct inhibition of protein kinase C
Creators: name: Wenzel-Seifert, K.
name: Schächtele, C.
name: Hummel, R.
name: Grünbaum, L.
name: Seifert, Roland
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 615 Pharmazie
subject: Animals
subject: Cell Differentiation/drug effects
subject: Cells, Cultured
subject: Cyclosporine/pharmacology
subject: Humans
subject: Mice
subject: Neutrophils/metabolism
subject: Phagocytes/metabolism
subject: Platelet Aggregation/drug effects
subject: Protein Kinase C/antagonists & inhibitors
subject: Rats
subject: Superoxides/metabolism
subject: Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology

description: Cyclosporin A (CsA) has been reported to inhibit phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced superoxide anion (O2-) formation in human neutrophils and murine macrophages. We found that CsA inhibited O2- formation in HL-60 cells induced by PMA (30 nM) and phorbol dibutyrate (200 nM) with a half-maximal effect at 1 and 0.75 microM, respectively. One possible target of CsA action is protein kinase C (PKC) [EC 2.7.1.37] since phorbol esters activate this kinase. However, CsA did not inhibit PMA-mediated reduction of histamine-induced rises in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in, and PMA-induced differentiation of, HL-60 cells and platelet aggregation. CsA did not reduce the activity of various recombinant c-PKC isoenzymes (alpha, beta 1 and gamma), n-PKC isoenzymes (delta and epsilon), an a-PKC isoenzyme (zeta) nor of PKC purified from rat brain in vitro. These data show that CsA inhibits phorbol ester-induced O2- formation in HL-60 cells but not other phorbol ester-mediated events and that inhibition by CsA of O2- formation cannot readily be attributed to direct PKC inhibition. We also show that CsA does not change the activity of nucleoside diphosphate kinase [EC 2.7.4.6] in HL-60 membranes nor the latter's physical properties.
On algorithmic equivalence of instruction sequences for computing bit string functions
Creators: name: Bergstra, J. A.
name: Middelburg, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.1.1; F.2.0

description: Every partial function from bit strings of a given length to bit strings of a possibly different given length can be computed by a finite instruction sequence that contains only instructions to set and get the content of Boolean registers, forward jump instructions, and a termination instruction. We look for an equivalence relation on instruction sequences of this kind that captures to a reasonable degree the intuitive notion that two instruction sequences express the same algorithm.
description: 27 pages, the preliminaries have textual overlaps with the preliminaries in arXiv:1308.0219 [cs.PL], arXiv:1312.1529 [cs.PL], and arXiv:1312.1812 [cs.PL]; 27 pages, three paragraphs about Milner's algorithmic equivalence hypothesis added to concluding remarks; 26 pages, several minor improvements of the presentation made
CALIBRATING RASPBERRY PI V2.1 CAMERA AS AN ABSOLUTE LUMINANCE METER FOR SMART LUMINAIRE SYSTEM SENSING APPLICATIONS
Creators: name: Zede
Publisher: name: Zede Journal of Ethiopian Engineers and Architects
Year: 2024

description: This article presents the conception and realization of a self-contained, absolute luminance level measurement device using a Raspberry Pi v2.1 camera system and single-board pocket size Raspberry Pi computer for a smart luminaire system sensing applications. The work presents Raspberry Pi v2.1 camera module footage in raw Bayer data formats, radiometric characterizations, raw Red, Green, Blue (RGB) to absolute luminance meter calibration and validation results. The developed absolute luminance meter is very simple, efficient, compact and suitable for absolute luminance level sensing measurement. Results obtained from the luminance meter calibration validation experiments showed that the proposed absolute luminance meter has the capability of measuring wide range of absolute luminance levels quickly with an average deviation of less than 2 cd/m2 from actual measurements or with 97.48% accuracy
description: Zede Journal of Ethiopian Engineers and Architects, Vol. 42 (2024): Zede Journal of Ethiopian Engineers and Architects
Fatty-acid-induced activation of NADPH oxidase in plasma membranes of human neutrophils depends on neutrophil cytosol and is potentiated by stable guanine nucleotides
Creators: name: Seifert, Roland
name: Schultz, Günter
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 615 Pharmazie
subject: Cell Membrane/enzymology
subject: Cytosol/enzymology
subject: Drug Synergism
subject: Enzyme Activation/drug effects
subject: Fatty Acids/pharmacology
subject: Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/pharmacology
subject: Guanine Nucleotides/pharmacology
subject: Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)
subject: Guanosine Triphosphate/pharmacology
subject: Humans
subject: NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/blood
subject: NADPH Oxidase
subject: Neutrophils/enzymology
subject: Protein Kinase C/metabolism
subject: Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate/pharmacology
subject: Thionucleotides/pharmacology

description: Both cis and trans unsaturated fatty acids and sodium dodecyl sulfate activated NADPH oxidase in plasma membranes of human neutrophils in the presence of neutrophil cytosol. In contrast, 5,8,11,14-icosatetraynoic acid, saturated fatty acids, esters, peroxides and 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, a potent activator of protein kinase C, were inactive. 5,8,11,14-icosatetraynoic acid inhibited superoxide formation elicited by fatty acids. Guanosine 5'[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP[gamma S]), a potent activator of guanine-nucleotide-binding proteins (N-proteins) enhanced superoxide formation elicited by fatty acids up to fourfold, supporting our previous suggestion that NADPH oxidase is regulated by an N-protein [Seifert, R. et al. (1986) FEBS Lett. 205, 161-165]. Cytosols from various tissues, soybean lipoxygenase and protein kinase C, purified from chicken stomach, did not substitute neutrophil cytosol. The activity of neutrophil cytosol was destroyed by heating at 95 degrees C. Superoxide formation was not affected by the inhibitor of protein kinase C 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H-7). Removal of cytosolic ATP by preincubation with hexokinase and glucose, dialysis of neutrophil cytosol or chelation of calcium with EGTA did not abolish the stimulatory effect of arachidonic acid and GTP[gamma S]. Thus, the cytosolic cofactor appears to be a neutrophil-specific and heat-labile protein, which is neither a lipoxygenase nor protein kinase C.
Is BZB J1450+5201 the most distant $γ$-ray BL Lacertae object?
Creators: name: Liao, N. H.
name: Bai, J. M.
name: Wang, J. G.
name: Liu, H. T.
name: Zhang, J. J.
name: Jiang, Ning
name: Yuan, Z. L.
name: Chen, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: BL Lacertae (BL Lac) objects at high redshifts ($z\geq 2$) are rarely detected. Through careful analysis of the SDSS spectrum, BZB J1450+5201 is confirmed to be a high-$z$ BL Lac object with $z\geq$ 2.471 by identifying the Ly$α$ 1216 and CIV 1548/1550 absorption lines. This indicates that BZB J1450+5201 is the most distant BL Lac object discovered to date. Careful analysis of the five-year \fermi data of 2FGL J1451.0+5159 shows that its $γ$-ray emission is robust with confidence level of 6.2$σ$ at 1-3 GeV and 6.7$σ$ at 3-10 GeV, and that the confusion of bright neighbor is negligible, which can not be fixed in the analysis of the two-year data. Meanwhile, 2FGL J1451.0+5159 is confirmed to be associated with BZB J1450+5201 using the five-year data. The analysis of multiwavelength data, from radio to $γ$-ray energies, indicates BZB J1450+5201 is an intermediate synchrotron peaked (ISP) source and consistent with distributions of other ISP sources at lower redshifts in the second LAT AGN catalog. The pure SSC model seems to be disfavoured, while scattering of weak external emission plus SSC process can provide a satisfactory description of the broadband emission.
description: Welcome any suggestions.Accepted for publication in RAA
Reconstruction of Band Structure Induced by Electronic Nematicity in an FeSe Superconductor
Creators: name: Nakayama, K.
name: Miyata, Y.
name: Phan, G. N.
name: Sato, T.
name: Tanabe, Y.
name: Urata, T.
name: Tanigaki, K.
name: Takahashi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on FeSe superconductor (Tc ~ 8 K), which exhibits a tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural transition at Ts ~ 90 K. At low temperature we found splitting of the energy bands as large as 50 meV at the M point in the Brillouin zone, likely caused by the formation of electronically driven nematic states. This band splitting persists up to T ~ 110 K, slightly above Ts, suggesting that the structural transition is triggered by the electronic nematicity. We have also revealed that at low temperature the band splitting gives rise to a van Hove singularity within 5 meV of the Fermi energy. The present result strongly suggests that this unusual electronic state is responsible for the unconventional superconductivity in FeSe.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Reversible activation of NADPH oxidase in membranes of HL-60 human leukemic cells
Creators: name: Seifert, Roland
name: Schultz, Günter
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 615 Pharmazie
subject: Cell Differentiation/drug effects
subject: Cell Line
subject: Cell Membrane/enzymology
subject: Dimethyl Sulfoxide/pharmacology
subject: Edetic Acid/pharmacology
subject: Enzyme Activation
subject: Humans
subject: Kinetics
subject: Leukemia, Myeloid
subject: Magnesium/pharmacology
subject: NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/metabolism
subject: NADPH Oxidase

description: NADPH oxidase in membranes of undifferentiated and dimethylsulphoxide-differentiated HL-60 cells was activated by arachidonic acid (AA) in the presence of Mg2+ and a cytosolic cofactor (CF) found in differentiated HL-60 cells. Basal superoxide (O2-) formation was enhanced several-fold by addition of the stable GTP-analogue, guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S), prior to AA and was completely prevented by that of GDP. Basal and GTP gamma S-stimulated O2- formation was terminated by GDP. In the presence of Mg2+ or EDTA, basal O2- formation ceased after 25 or 10 min, respectively, and was reinitiated by GTP gamma S or GTP gamma S plus Mg2+. Albumin terminated O2- formation, which was reactivated by AA in the presence of GTP gamma S. Our results show that (1) activation of NADPH oxidase in HL-60 membranes is dependent on endogenous GTP, Mg2+, AA and CF, which is induced during myeloid differentiation, and that (2) NADPH oxidase activation is a reversible process modulated by exogenous guanine nucleotides at various stages of activity of NADPH oxidase. We suggest crucial roles of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins in the activation, deactivation and reactivation of the enzyme.
MACHINE LEARNING BASED CONTAMINATION DETECTION IN WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
Creators: name: Zede
Publisher: name: Zede Journal of Ethiopian Engineers and Architects
Year: 2024

description: Water is a necessary component of all human activities. According to the United Nations World Water Assessment Program, every day, 2 million tons of sewage, manufacturing, and agricultural waste are discharged into the world's water. Due to population demands and dwindling clean water supplies as well as available water pollution management mechanisms; there is an urgent need to use computational methods to intelligently manage available water. This paper proposes artificial neural networks, specifically, Convolutional Neural Networks, for automated water impurity detection. To refine the model, the picture of turbid water in the pipe was used to detect events. The algorithm of deep learning achieved 96.3 percent accuracy after extensive training with a dataset of 4220 images reflecting various levels of contamination. This shows that, the model can be used in water system pollution detection.
description: Zede Journal of Ethiopian Engineers and Architects, Vol. 42 (2024): Zede Journal of Ethiopian Engineers and Architects
Dynamical Instability Induced by Zero Mode Under Symmetry Breaking External Perturbation
Creators: name: Takahashi, J.
name: Nakamura, Y.
name: Yamanaka, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A complex eigenvalue in the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations for a stationary Bose-Einstein condensate in ultracold atomic system indicates the dynamical instability of the system. We also have the modes with zero eigenvalues for the condensate, called the zero modes, which originate from the spontaneous breakdown of symmetries. Although the zero modes are suppressed in many theoretical analyses, we take account of them in this paper and argue that a zero mode can change into one with a pure imaginary eigenvalue by applying a symmetry breaking external perturbation potential. This emergence of a pure imaginary mode adds a new type of scenario of dynamical instability to that characterized by complex eigenvalue of the usual excitation modes. For illustration, we deal with two one-dimensional homogeneous Bose-Einstein condensate systems with a single dark soliton under a respective perturbation potential, breaking the invariance under translation, to derive pure imaginary modes.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Single-spin manipulation in a double quantum dot in the field of a micromagnet
Creators: name: Chesi, Stefano
name: Wang, Ying-Dan
name: Yoneda, Jun
name: Otsuka, Tomohiro
name: Tarucha, Seigo
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The manipulation of single spins in double quantum dots by making use of the exchange interaction and a highly inhomogeneous magnetic field was discussed in [W. A. Coish and D. Loss, Phys. Rev. B 75, 161302 (2007)]. However, such large inhomogeneity is difficult to achieve through the slanting field of a micromagnet in current designs of lateral double dots. Therefore, we examine an analogous spin manipulation scheme directly applicable to realistic GaAs double dot setups. We estimate that typical gate times, realized at the singlet-triplet anticrossing induced by the inhomogeneous micromagnet field, can be a few nanoseconds. We discuss the optimization of initialization, read-out, and single-spin gates through suitable choices of detuning pulses and an improved geometry. We also examine the effect of nuclear dephasing and charge noise. The latter induces fluctuations of both detuning and tunneling amplitude. Our results suggest that this scheme is a promising approach for the realization of fast single-spin operations.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures