cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A novel approach for computing glueball masses and matrix elements in Yang-Mills theories on the lattice
Creators: name: Della Morte, Michele
name: Giusti, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make use of the global symmetries of the Yang-Mills theory on the lattice to design a new computational strategy for extracting glueball masses and matrix elements which achieves an exponential reduction of the statistical error with respect to standard techniques. By generalizing our previous work on the parity symmetry, the partition function of the theory is decomposed into a sum of path integrals each giving the contribution from multiplets of states with fixed quantum numbers associated to parity, charge conjugation, translations, rotations and central conjugations Z_N^3. Ratios of path integrals and correlation functions can then be computed with a multi-level Monte Carlo integration scheme whose numerical cost, at a fixed statistical precision and at asymptotically large times, increases power-like with the time extent of the lattice. The strategy is implemented for the SU(3) Yang--Mills theory, and a full-fledged computation of the mass and multiplicity of the lightest glueball with vacuum quantum numbers is carried out at a lattice spacing of 0.17 fm.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures
Gluon Polarization In Nucleon
Creators: name: Shahveh, Abolfazl
name: Taghavi-Shahri, Fatemeh
name: Arash, Firooz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the so-called valon model, we calculate $\frac{δg}{g}$ and show that although it is small and compatible with the measured values, the gluon contribution to the spin of nucleon can be sizable. The smallness of $\frac{δg}{g}$ in the measured kinematical region should not be interpreted as $δg$ being small. In fact, $δg$ itself at small x, and the first moment of the polarized gluon distribution in the nucleon, $Δg(Q^2)$, are large
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys.Lett.B
Cardiovascular function in rat models of diabetes – the roles of hyperglycemia, inflammation and oxidative stress
Creators: name: Leung, Joanne Yuen Ting
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Diabetes increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in humans. Although many diabetes-related studies have been conducted in recent years, the underlying pathogenesis still remains unclear. The aim of this thesis was to investigate if vascular and cardiac contractile dysfunction in rat models of streptozotocin-induced type 1 and fructose-streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes are associated with hyperglycemia, inflammation and oxidative stress, as these factors have been linked to the development of cardiovascular abnormalities in diabetes. Cardiovascular function was assessed via measurements of blood pressure, venous tone, vascular resistance, heart rate, cardiac contractility and cardiac index in vivo in diabetic as well as control rats. Moreover, these variables were evaluated following treatment with phlorizin (a glucose lowering agent), nimesulide (a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2) or N-acetylcysteine (an antioxidant). The results showed that arterial, venous and cardiac contractile responses to noradrenaline, adrenaline and/or dobutamine were depressed, to similar extents, in both models of diabetes relative to control animals, even though the rats with fructose-streptozotocin-induced diabetes had significantly higher plasma triglyceride levels than those with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Administration of phlorizin, nimesulide and N-acetylcysteine did not affect any of the cardiovascular variables in the control rats, but significantly improved certain vascular and/or cardiac contractile responses in the diabetic rats. Specifically, α-adrenoceptor-mediated venous constriction was augmented by phlorizin in both rat models of diabetes, whereas arterial constriction remained attenuated. Acute administration of nimesulide did not alter cardiac contractile responses, but partially restored the venous and, to a less extent, arterial constriction in the diabetic rats, while chronic treatment with N-acetylcysteine ameliorated the arterial, venous as well as cardiac contractile functions. Collectively, these results suggest that the presence of hypertriglyceridemia does not significantly worsen in vivo cardiovascular function in our fructose-streptozotocin-induced rat model of type 2 diabetes, and demonstrate that hyperglycemia, inflammation and oxidative stress are, at least in part, implicated in diabetes-associated cardiovascular contractile dysfunction. Our studies have provided valuable insights into specific benefits of targeting hyperglycemia, inflammation and oxidative stress in the management of cardiovascular complications in type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Advances in Extension Research and Evaluation Methodology ( Meeting Note)
Creators: name: S R Bishnoi
name: Subhashree Sahu
name: P, Anitha Kumari
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Advances, Extension, Research, Evaluation, Methodology

description: Agricultural Extension Research in India warrants a rigorous inquiry of newer paths and novel scientific approaches for rapid growth of the discipline. This calls for theory building that offers scientific pathways and solutions to all stakeholders. It’s imperative to inculcate the advances and good practices in extension research towards redefining and refining, taking into consideration the fast pace of knowledge and innovation systems. Evaluation of programmes, policies, schemes and projects requires scientific tools and methodologies in Social Sciences. With these primary objectives in mind the virtual Training Workshop was held to upgrade research competencies and to reorient all personnel to the advances in evolving scientific tools, theories and methodologies, including the diversities seen in documenting research outputs, outcomes and impacts.
description: Author share their experience from this training programme .
Software for Generation of Classes of Test Functions with Known Local and Global Minima for Global Optimization
Creators: name: Gaviano, Marco
name: Kvasov, Dmitri E.
name: Lera, Daniela
name: Sergeyev, Yaroslav D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.1.6; G.4
subject: 65-04, 90-08, 90C26, 90C30,

description: A procedure for generating non-differentiable, continuously differentiable, and twice continuously differentiable classes of test functions for multiextremal multidimensional box-constrained global optimization and a corresponding package of C subroutines are presented. Each test class consists of 100 functions. Test functions are generated by defining a convex quadratic function systematically distorted by polynomials in order to introduce local minima. To determine a class, the user defines the following parameters: (i) problem dimension, (ii) number of local minima, (iii) value of the global minimum, (iv) radius of the attraction region of the global minimizer, (v) distance from the global minimizer to the vertex of the quadratic function. Then, all other necessary parameters are generated randomly for all 100 functions of the class. Full information about each test function including locations and values of all local minima is supplied to the user. Partial derivatives are also generated where possible.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure
Probing the Role of Magnetic-Field Variations in NOAA AR 8038 in Producing Solar Flare and CME on 12 May 1997
Creators: name: Jain, Rajmal
name: Awasthi, Arun K.
name: Chandel, Babita
name: Bharti, Lokesh
name: Hanaoka, Y.
name: Kiplinger, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carried out a multi-wavelength study of a CME and a medium-size 1B/C1.3 flare occurring on 12 May 1997. We present the investigation of magnetic-field variations in the NOAA Active Region 8038 which was observed on the Sun during 7--16 May 1997. Analyses of Hα filtergrams and MDI/SOHO magnetograms revealed continual but discrete surge activity, and emergence and cancellation of flux in this active region. The movie of these magnetograms revealed two important results that the major opposite polarities of pre-existing region as well as in the emerging flux region (EFR) were approaching towards each other and moving magnetic features (MMF) were ejecting out from the major north polarity at a quasi-periodicity of about ten hrs during 10--13 May 1997. These activities were probably caused by the magnetic reconnection in the lower atmosphere driven by photospheric convergence motions, which were evident in magnetograms. The magnetic field variations such as flux, gradient, and sunspot rotation revealed that free energy was slowly being stored in the corona. The slow low-layer magnetic reconnection may be responsible for this storage and the formation of a sigmoidal core field or a flux rope leading to the eventual eruption. The occurrence of EUV brightenings in the sigmoidal core field prior to the rise of a flux rope suggests that the eruption was triggered by the inner tether-cutting reconnection, but not the external breakout reconnection. An impulsive acceleration revealed from fast separation of the Hα ribbons of the first 150 seconds suggests the CME accelerated in the inner corona, which is consistent with the temporal profile of the reconnection electric field. In conclusion, we propose a qualitative model in view of framework of a solar eruption involving, mass ejections, filament eruption, CME, and subsequent flare.
description: 8 figures, accepted for publication in Solar Physics
El microbioma humano
Creators: name: Vazquez lopez, Hector gilberto
name: Castañeda-Sortibrán, América Nitxin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: CONSCIENCIAREVISTA DEL SILADIN DEL CCH
Revista Semestral Año 2, Número 5 Agosto de 2021.

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo dar a conocer los conceptos básicos referentes al microbioma. El planteamiento del problema: ¿Qué es el microbioma humano?, ¿cuál es su efecto en nuestra salud?
Diversity of microbial community structure and their association with phthalic acid esters and physicochemical parameters in informal landfills
Creators: name: Yin, Qin
name: Yan, Haihong
name: Guo, Xiaoya
name: Liang, Yu
name: Wang, Xingzhi
name: Nian, Yuegang
name: Wang, Haiyan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Informal landfill is a common waste treatment method employed in rural areas of China, and phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are one of the typical pollutants in landfill leachate. However, there is no corresponding theoretical basis for whether microbial treatment technology can be used to reduce environmental risk of PAEs in informal landfills. Thus, a typical informal landfill site in northern China was selected and approximately 1,133,023 effective sequences were obtained from 21 samples collected from three layers (different deposit depths) of the landfill. This research explored the correlation between PAEs and the composition and distribution of microbial community in specific environments of informal landfill sites. Here we found that dis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP), and diethyl phthalate (DEP) were positively and significantly correlated with Bhargavaea, Planococcus, Virgibacillus, and Oceanobacillus, respectively. The redundancy analysis demonstrated that moisture content, pH, NO2−-N, and SUVA254 among the seven physicochemical factors (pH, TN, NO3−-N,NO2−-N,NH4+-N, SUVA254, and moisture content) significantly affected bacterial communities. The research conclusion can provide theoretical basis for the degradation technology of PAEs by microorganism and research basis for the treatment of informal landfill sites.
El microbioma humano
Creators: name: Castañeda-Sortibrán, América Nitxin
name: Vazquez lopez, Hector gilberto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: El presente artículo tiene como objetivo dar a conocer los conceptos básicos referentes al microbioma. El planteamiento del problema: ¿Qué es el microbioma humano?, ¿cuál es su efecto en nuestra salud?
Ex-situ Tunnel Junction Process Technique Characterized by Coulomb Blockade Thermometry
Creators: name: Prunnila, M.
name: Meschke, M.
name: Gunnarsson, D.
name: Enouz-Vedrenne, S.
name: Kivioja, J. M.
name: Pekola, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a wafer scale tunnel junction fabrication method, where a plasma etched via through a dielectric layer covering bottom Al electrode defines the tunnel junction area. The ex-situ tunnel barrier is formed by oxidation of the bottom electrode in the junction area. Room temperature resistance mapping over a 150 mm wafer give local deviation values of the tunnel junction resistance that fall below 7.5 % with an average of 1.3 %. The deviation is further investigated by sub-1 K measurements of a device, which has one tunnel junction connected to four arrays consisting of N junctions (N = 41, junction diameter 700 nm). The differential conductance is measured in single-junction and array Coulomb blockade thermometer operation modes. By fitting the experimental data to the theoretical models we found an upper limit for the local tunnel junction resistance deviation of ~5 % for the array of 2N+1 junctions. This value is of the same order as the minimum detectable deviation defined by the accuracy of our experimental setup.
Transverse nucleon structure and diagnostics of hard parton-parton processes at LHC
Creators: name: Frankfurt, L.
name: Strikman, M.
name: Weiss, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method to determine at what transverse momenta particle production in high-energy pp collisions is governed by hard parton-parton processes. Using information on the transverse spatial distribution of partons obtained from hard exclusive processes in ep/gamma p scattering, we evaluate the impact parameter distribution of pp collisions with a hard parton-parton process as a function of p_T of the produced parton (jet). We find that the average pp impact parameters in such events depend very weakly on p_T in the range 2 < p_T < few 100 GeV, while they are much smaller than those in minimum-bias inelastic collisions. The impact parameters in turn govern the observable transverse multiplicity in such events (in the direction perpendicular to the trigger particle or jet). Measuring the transverse multiplicity as a function of p_T thus provides an effective tool for determining the minimum p_T for which a given trigger particle originates from a hard parton-parton process. Additional tests of the proposed geometric correlations are possible by measuring the dependence on the trigger rapidity. Various strategies for implementing this method are outlined.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
METHODS OF DEVELOPING STUDENTS' LITERARY COMPETENCES
Creators: name: Fayziyeva, Gulchiroy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Developing students' literary competences is essential for fostering critical thinking, interpretative skills, and cultural awareness in language and literature education. This article explores various pedagogical methods aimed at enhancing students’ ability to analyze, interpret, and engage with literary texts effectively. Key approaches include textual analysis and close reading techniques, interpretative and critical thinking strategies, contextual competence development, and the integration of drama-based activities. Additionally, the role of creative writing, literary discussions, multimodal resources, and interdisciplinary learning is examined in relation to their impact on students’ literary appreciation.
Exploration of Climate Data and Temperature Forecasting using Machine Learning
Creators: name: AlBalawi, Eman
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Machine learning
climate

description: In this short communication, a concept has been presented to model geographical data to predict future temperature of Tabuk, region. Machine learning has been applied to the weather station data to develop a prediction model. The preliminary results are promising and encouraging and are envisaging to further this research towards the determination of unknown temperature rise in the region. This is important to mention here, that the problem has been formulated as a Regression problem, NOT as a classification problem. Hence, applying Convolutional neural networks is not possible, due to the non-existence of classes or converting the temperature values to classes does not make any sense. Hence, this is defined as a regression problem which achieved encouraging desirable results.
S-wave superconductivity with orbital dependent sign change in the checkerboard models of iron-based superconductors
Creators: name: Lu, Xiaoli
name: Fang, Chen
name: Tsai, Wei-Feng
name: Jiang, Yongjin
name: Hu, Jiangping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study three different multi-orbital models for iron-based superconductors (iron-SCs) in the solvable limit of weakly coupled square plaquettes. The strongest superconducting (SC) pairing is in the $A_{1g}$ $s$-wave channel and its development is correlated with the emergence of the next-nearest-neighbour antiferromagnetism (NNN-AFM). For the models with more than three orbitals, this study suggests that the signs of the intra-orbital pairing order parameters of the $d_{xy}$ and the $d_{xz}$ (or $d_{yz}$) orbitals must be {\it opposite}. Such sign difference stems from the intrinsic symmetry properties of inter-orbital hoppings and might, ultimately, lead to the sign-change of the SC orders between the hole Fermi pockets at the $Γ$ point and produce anisotropic or even gapless SC gaps in the electron Fermi pockets around the $M$ point in reciprocal space, as restoring back to the homogeneous limit.
description: 5 figures, 5 pages
Engineering steady states using jump-based feedback for multipartite entanglement generation
Creators: name: Stevenson, R. N.
name: Hope, J. J.
name: Carvalho, A. R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the use of quantum-jump-based feedback to manipulate the stability of multipartite entangled dark states in an open quantum system. Using the model proposed in Phys. Rev. A 76, 010301(R) (2007) for a pair of atoms, we show a general strategy to produce many-body singlet stationary entangled states for larger number of atoms. In the case of four qubits, we propose a simple local feedback control that, although not optimal, is realistic and stabilises a highly entangled state. We discuss the limitations and analyse alternative strategies within the framework of direct jump feedback schemes.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
An iterative wave-front sensing algorithm for high-contrast imaging systems
Creators: name: Dou, Jiangpei
name: Ren, Deqing
name: Zhu, Yongtian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wave-front sensing from focal plane multiple images is a promising technique for high-contrast imaging systems. However, the wave-front error of an optics system can be properly reconstructed only when it is very small. This paper presents an iterative optimization algorithm for the measurement of large static wave-front errors directly from only one focal plane image. We firstly measure the intensity of the pupil image to get the pupil function of the system and acquire the aberrated image on the focal plane with a phase error that is to be measured. Then we induce a dynamic phase to the tested pupil function and calculate the associated intensity of the reconstructed image on the focal plane. The algorithm is to minimize the intensity difference between the reconstructed image and the tested aberrated image on the focal plane, where the induced phase is as the variable of the optimization algorithm. The simulation shows that the wave-front of an optics system can be theoretically reconstructed with a high precision, which indicates that such an iterative algorithm may be an effective way for the wave-front sensing for high-contrast imaging systems.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Growth of perturbations in an expanding universe with Bose-Einstein condensate dark matter
Creators: name: Chavanis, Pierre-Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the growth of perturbations in an expanding Newtonian universe with Bose-Einstein condensate dark matter. We first ignore special relativistic effects and derive a differential equation governing the evolution of the density contrast in the linear regime taking into account quantum pressure and self-interaction. This equation can be solved analytically in several cases. We argue that an attractive self-interaction can enhance the Jeans instability and fasten the formation of structures. Then, we take into account pressure effects (coming from special relativity) in the evolution of the cosmic fluid and add the contribution of radiation, baryons and dark energy (cosmological constant). For a BEC dark matter with repulsive self-interaction (positive pressure) the scale factor increases more rapidly than in the standard ΛCDM model where dark matter is pressureless while for a BEC dark matter with attractive self-interaction (negative pressure) it increases less rapidly. We study the linear development of the perturbations in these two cases and show that the perturbations grow faster in a BEC dark matter than in a pressureless dark matter. This confirms a recent result of Harko (2011). Finally, we consider a "dark fluid" with a generalized equation of state p=(αρ+ k ρ^2)c^2 having a component p=k ρ^2 c^2 similar to a BEC dark matter and a component p=αρc^2 mimicking the effect of the cosmological constant (dark energy). We find optimal parameters that give a good agreement with the standard ΛCDM model assuming a finite cosmological constant.
Sub-barrier capture with quantum diffusion approach: actinide-based reactions
Creators: name: Sargsyan, V. V.
name: Adamian, G. G.
name: Antonenko, N. V.
name: Scheid, W.
name: Zhang, H. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the quantum diffusion approach the behavior of capture cross sections and mean-square angular momenta of captured systems are revealed in the reactions with deformed nuclei at subbarrier energies. The calculated results are in a good agreement with existing experimental data. With decreasing bombarding energy under the barrier the external turning point of the nucleusnucleus potential leaves the region of short-range nuclear interaction and action of friction. Because of this change of the regime of interaction, an unexpected enhancement of the capture cross section is expected at bombarding energies far below the Coulomb barrier. This effect is shown its worth in the dependence of mean-square angular momentum of captured system on the bombarding energy. From the comparison of calculated and experimental capture cross sections, the importance of quasifission near the entrance channel is shown for the actinide-based reactions leading to superheavy nuclei.
description: 11 pages, 16 figures, Regular Article
Accurate Coordinates and 2MASS Cross-IDs for (Almost) All Gliese Catalog Stars
Creators: name: Stauffer, John
name: Tanner, Angelle M.
name: Bryden, Geoffrey
name: Ramirez, Solange
name: Berriman, Bruce
name: Ciardi, David R.
name: Kane, Stephen
name: Mizusawa, Trisha
name: Payne, Alan
name: Plavchan, Peter
name: von Braun, Kaspar
name: Wyatt, Pamela
name: Kirkpatrick, J. Davy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide precise J2000, epoch 2000 coordinates and cross-identifications to sources in the 2MASS point source catalog for nearly all stars in the Gliese, Gliese and Jahreiss, and Woolley catalogs of nearby stars. The only Gliese objects where we were not successful are two Gliese sources that are actually QSOs, two proposed companions to brighter stars which we believe do not exist, four stars included in one of the catalogs but identified there as only optical companions, one probable plate flaw, and two stars which simply remain un-recovered. For the 4251 recovered stars, 2693 have coordinates based on Hipparcos positions, 1549 have coordinates based on 2MASS data, and 9 have positions from other astrometric sources. All positions have been calculated at epoch 2000 using proper motions from the literature, which are also given here.
description: accepted to PASP, Full version of Table 1 available electronically
Water operator and community engagement to improve drinking water access in First Nations in British Columbia
Creators: name: Livingstone, Kaitlynn Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Lack of access to safe drinking water is an issue disproportionately affecting First Nations in Canada and putting the health of First Nations communities at risk. Many First Nations in British Columbia are facing additional challenges for water treatment system design due to their small population and rural and remote location. Investing in infrastructure alone is not sufficient to ensure long-term water access and protection of community health. Water operators have been identified as key individuals to engage to ensure community appropriate water treatment solution design as well as long-term operation and maintenance of treatment systems. This work highlights the important role that water operators have both within their community and with external stakeholders involved in the design and management of treatment systems. It has also been identified that water operators are well placed to be educators in their community and be a trusted source of information for community members about their water. There is a need for increased support for operators from community leadership as well as more transparency and operator involvement in decision making, especially in relation to budgeting. Water operators reported serving their community as one of the main motivations in their work; however, it was also expressed that there was a lack of recognition and appreciation for their work from within their community. Increased community awareness about the importance of water operators is considered to be essential to increase operator support from their community. In turn, this support contributes to increased water operator job satisfaction and motivation, and ultimately water operator retention in communities. Community support for operators and the inclusion of operators in water related budgeting and decision-making is key to finding appropriate water treatment solutions and ensuring operators are able to provide communities with long-term access to safe drinking water.
The New York Times/Siena College: October 2020 Alaska Poll
Creators: name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: 2020 presidential election (5); method of voting (3); vote for or against candidates (2); 2020 senate election (2); 2020 congressional election (1); President Donald Trump job approval (1); voter enthusiasm (1); Trump's attitude and speech (1); Biden/Trump policy impact on people like you (2); favorability of politicians or political movements (5); Biden vs. Trump on issues (13); most important issue in presidential election (1); projected winner of 2020 presidential election (1); Biden/Trump characteristics (12); opening up public lands in Alaska for resource extraction (1); global warming (1); presidential candidate choice (1); voted in previous elections (4).
Surface Photometry and Radial Color Gradients of Nearby Luminous Early-type Galaxies in SDSS Stripe 82
Creators: name: Jiang, Fangzhou
name: Huang, Song
name: Gu, Qiusheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make use of the images from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Stripe 82 to present an analysis of r band surface brightness profiles and radial color gradients (g - r, u - r) in 111 nearby early-type galaxies (ETGs). With Stripe 82 images, we are able to pay special attentions to the low-surface-brightness areas (LSB areas) of the galaxies. The LSB areas make a difference to the Sersic fittings and concentration indices, making both the indices less than the typical values for ETGs. There are about 60% negative color gradients (red-core) within 1.5Re , much more than the approximately 10% positive ones (blue-core) within the same radius. However, taking into account of the LSB areas, we find that the color gradients are not necessarily monotonic: about one third of the red-core (or blue-core) galaxies have positive (or negative) color gradients in the outer areas. So LSB areas not only make ETGs' Sersic profiles deviate from de Vaucouleur ones and shift to the disk end, but also reveal that quite a number of ETGs have opposite color gradients in inner and outer areas. These outcomes remind us the necessity of double-Sersic fitting. These LSB phenomena may be interpreted by mergers and thus different metallicity in the outer areas. Isophotal parameters are also discussed briefly in this paper: more disky nearby ETGs are spotted than boxy ones.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
Analysis of effects of macroscopic propagation and multiple molecular orbitals on the minimum in high-order harmonic generation of aligned CO$_{2}$
Creators: name: Jin, Cheng
name: Le, Anh-Thu
name: Lin, C. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report theoretical calculations on the effect of the multiple orbital contribution in high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from aligned CO$_2$ with inclusion of macroscopic propagation of harmonic fields in the medium. Our results show very good agreements with recent experiments for the dynamics of the minimum in HHG spectra as laser intensity or alignment angle changes. Calculations are carried out to check how the position of the minimum in HHG spectra depends on the degrees of molecular alignment, laser focusing conditions, and the effects of alignment-dependent ionization rates of the different molecular orbitals. These analyses help to explain why the minima observed in different experiments may vary.
description: 7 figures
Low-mass stellar and substellar candidate companions around massive stars in Sco OB1 and M17
Creators: name: Pauwels, Tinne
name: Reggiani, Maddalena
name: Sana, Hugues
name: Mahy, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive stars are recognized for their high degree of multiplicity, yet the mass ratio regime below 0.1 remains insufficiently explored. It is therefore unknown whether extremely low-mass (possibly substellar) companions can form and survive in the direct UV-irradiated environment of massive stars. In this paper, we discuss VLT/SPHERE IFS (0".15 - 0".85) observations of six massive O- and early B-type stars in Sco OB1 and M17 that each have a low-mass candidate companion. Two targets have companions that are brown dwarf candidates. The other four have candidate companions in the low end of the stellar mass regime ($\leq$ 0.30 M$_\odot$). For three of these, we have obtained a second epoch observation. At least two sources exhibit similar proper motion to that of their central star. However, given the expected proper motion of background objects, this does not imply certain companionship. We show how future follow-up observations of the brown dwarf candidate companions in $J$, $H$ and $L$ bands should allow for an unambiguous confirmation of their nature.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in AJ
Quantum Criticality and Incipient Phase Separation in the Thermodynamic Properties of the Hubbard Model
Creators: name: Galanakis, D.
name: Khatami, E.
name: Mikelsons, K.
name: Macridin, A.
name: Moreno, J.
name: Browne, D. A.
name: Jarrell, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport measurements on the cuprates suggest the presence of a quantum critical point hiding underneath the superconducting dome near optimal hole doping. We provide numerical evidence in support of this scenario via a dynamical cluster quantum Monte Carlo study of the extended two-dimensional Hubbard model. Single particle quantities, such as the spectral function, the quasiparticle weight and the entropy, display a crossover between two distinct ground states: a Fermi liquid at low filling and a non-Fermi liquid with a pseudogap at high filling. Both states are found to cross over to a marginal Fermi-liquid state at higher temperatures. For finite next-nearest-neighbor hopping t' we find a classical critical point at temperature T_c. This classical critical point is found to be associated with a phase separation transition between a compressible Mott gas and an incompressible Mott liquid corresponding to the Fermi liquid and the pseudogap state, respectively. Since the critical temperature T_c extrapolates to zero as t' vanishes, we conclude that a quantum critical point connects the Fermi-liquid to the pseudogap region, and that the marginal-Fermi-liquid behavior in its vicinity is the analogous of the supercritical region in the liquid-gas transition.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Re-animating Andean worlds : kamayoq, the politics of 'culturally appropriate' knowledge extension, and ethnodevelopment in the Peruvian Andes
Creators: name: Yates, Julian Sebastian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: This dissertation positions the kamayoq of the Southern Peruvian Andes (Sierra Sur) within the context of globalized ethnodevelopment networks. Contemporary kamayoq are indigenous, community-based specialists who act as “transcultural bridges” within a “culturally appropriate” methodology of campesino-a-campesino (farmer-to-farmer) knowledge transfer. Building on the results of a follow-the-thing methodology (deployed across fourteen months of multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork), I use the case of the kamayoq to develop a critique of ethnodevelopment – a notion that encapsulates how development programmes put culture and cultural groups to work in order both to incorporate them within broader development trajectories, and to protect them from some of the negative effects of such participation. I draw on – and contribute to – relevant debates in political economy, political ecology, development studies, and Andean studies to make a series of empirical and theoretical contributions. I conduct a Polanyian historical analysis of how the kamayoq have supported economic integration across different modes of production and forms of governance (since the fifteenth century). I develop a contemporary analysis of how ethnodevelopment programmes construct the kamayoq as ‘ethnic experts’ and ethno-entrepreneurial subjects within a new rural economy of Peru, thereby transforming a dynamic form of Andean learning-by-doing (aprender hacer) – as embodied by the kamayoq – into a form of ‘ethnic expertise’ on display (saber hacer). The recent government programme of certifying the competencies of the kamayoq according to national standards further acts as a kind of Foucauldian ethnodevelopmental dispositif, as it conducts the conduct of the kamayoq. Reflecting on these findings, I explore whether the kamayoq contribute to a uniquely Andean form of economic organization (‘Andinidad’; characterized by reciprocity, collectiveness, and communal ownership); I position this discussion in relation to Peruvian scholarship on decolonizing development. Finally, I develop a political economy-inflected ‘intimate ecology’ of the role the kamayoq play in connecting alpaca genetic reproduction networks in the Andes, thereby entering debates around multiple ontologies and Andean living worlds. I present the notion of a ‘vital economy’ as a way of understanding the links between economic production, genetic reproduction, and the ‘re-wilding’ of alpacas in order to maintain species vitality.
Note on moduli stabilization, supersymmetry breaking and axiverse
Creators: name: Higaki, Tetsutaro
name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study properties of moduli stabilization in the four dimensional N = 1 supergravity theory with heavy moduli and would-be saxion-axion multiplets including light string-theoretic axions. We give general formulation for the scenario that heavy moduli and saxions are stabilized while axions remain light, assuming that moduli are stabilized near the supersymmetric solution. One can find stable vacuum, i.e. non-tachyonic saxions, in the non-supersymmetric Minkowski vacua. We also discuss the cases, where the moduli are coupled to the supersymmetry breaking sector and/or moduli have contributions to supersymmetry breaking. We also study the models with axions originating from matter-like fields. Our analysis on moduli stabilization is applicable even if there are not light axion multiplets.
description: 36pages, 1 table; v2 minor change
Cold, tenuous solar flare: acceleration without heating
Creators: name: Fleishman, Gregory D.
name: Kontar, Eduard P.
name: Nita, Gelu M.
name: Gary, Dale E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of an unusual cold, tenuous solar flare, which reveals itself via numerous and prominent non-thermal manifestations, while lacking any noticeable thermal emission signature. RHESSI hard X-rays and 0.1-18 GHz radio data from OVSA and Phoenix-2 show copious electron acceleration (10^35 electrons per second above 10 keV) typical for GOES M-class flares with electrons energies up to 100 keV, but GOES temperatures not exceeding 6.1 MK. The imaging, temporal, and spectral characteristics of the flare have led us to a firm conclusion that the bulk of the microwave continuum emission from this flare was produced directly in the acceleration region. The implications of this finding for the flaring energy release and particle acceleration are discussed.
description: ApJ Letters accepted; 5 figures
Membrane Paradigm and Holographic Hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Eling, Christopher
name: Neiman, Yasha
name: Oz, Yaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss recent work showing that in certain cases the membrane paradigm equations governing the dynamics of black hole horizons can be recast as relativistic conservation law equations. In the context of gauge/gravity dualities, these equations are interpreted as defining the viscous hydrodynamics of a holographically dual relativistic field theory. Using this approach, one can derive the viscous transport coefficients and the form of the entropy current for field theories dual to gravity plus matter fields.
description: 4 pages, prepared for the proceedings of ERE2010 (Granada, Spain)
Additional file 2 of Association between FCGR2A rs1801274 and MUC5B rs35705950 variations and pneumonia susceptibility
Creators: name: Shi, Xueshu
name: Ma, Yue
name: Li, Haiyan
name: Yu, Huanxin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2 Figure S1. Subgroup analysis data of “control source” for MUC5B rs35705950 under the allelic model. Figure S2. Subgroup analysis data of “pneumonia type” for MUC5B rs35705950 under the carrier model. Figure S3. Subgroup analysis data of “pneumonia type” for MUC5B rs35705950 under the TT vs. GG model. Figure S4. Subgroup analysis data of “pneumonia type” for MUC5B rs35705950 under the GT vs. GG model. Figure S5. Subgroup analysis data of “pneumonia type” for MUC5B rs35705950 under the GT + TT vs. GG model. Figure S6. Subgroup analysis data of “pneumonia type” for MUC5B rs35705950 under the TT vs. GG + GT model. Figure S7. Sensitivity analysis (a) and Begg test data (b) for FCGR2A rs1801274 under the allelic T vs. G model. Figure S8. TSA data for FCGR2A rs1801274 under the AG + GG vs. AA model. Figure S9. TSA data for MUC5B rs35705950 under the GT + TT vs. GG model in the overall populations; Figure S10. TSA data for MUC5B rs35705950 under the GT + TT vs. GG model in the Caucasian population; Figure S11. TSA data for MUC5B rs35705950 under the GT + TT vs. GG model in the Asian population. (PDF 1.9 MB)
Achieving sub-electron readout noise in Skipper CCDs
Creators: name: Moroni, Guillermo Fernandez
name: Estrada, Juan
name: Paolini, Eduardo E.
name: Cancelo, Gustavo
name: Holland, Stephen E.
name: Diehl, H. Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The readout noise for Charge-Coupled Devices (CCDs) has been the main limitation when using these detectors for measuring small amplitude signals. A readout system for a new scientific, low noise CCD is presented in this paper. The Skipper CCD architecture, and its advantages for low noise applications are discussed. A technique for obtaining sub-electron readout noise levels is presented, and its noise and signal characteristics are derived. We demonstrate a very low readout noise of $0.2e^{-}$ RMS. Also, we show the results using the detector in a low-energy X-ray detection experiment.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures
Galactic disks and their evolution
Creators: name: Zasov, A. V.
name: Sil'chenko, O. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the key problems related to measuring the mass of stellar disks and dark halos in galaxies and to explaining the observed properties of disks formed in massive dark halos.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
The non-relativistic limit of (central-extended) Poincare group and some consequences for quantum actualization
Creators: name: Ardenghi, Juan Sebastián
name: Castagnino, Mario
name: Campoamor-Sturberg, Rutwig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonrelativistic limit of the centrally extended Poincaré group is considered and their consequences in the modal Hamiltonian interpretation of quantum mechanics are discussed [ O. Lombardi and M. Castagnino, Stud. Hist. Philos. Mod. Phys 39, 380 (2008) ; J. Phys, Conf. Ser. 128, 012014 (2008) ]. Through the assumption that in quantum field theory the Casimir operators of the Poincaré group actualize, the nonrelativistic limit of the latter group yields to the actualization of the Casimir operators of the Galilei group, which is in agreement with the actualization rule of previous versions of modal Hamiltonian interpretation [ Ardenghi et al., Found. Phys. (submitted) ]
Shifted-elementary-mode representation for partially coherent vectorial fields
Creators: name: Tervo, Jani
name: Turunen, Jari
name: Vahimaa, Pasi
name: Wyrowski, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A representation of partially spatially coherent and partially polarized stationary electromagnetic fields is given in terms of mutually uncorrelated, transversely shifted, fully coherent and polarized elementary electric-field modes. This representation allows one to propagate non-paraxial partially coherent vector fields using techniques for spatially fully coherent fields, which are numerically far more efficient than methods for propagating correlation functions. A procedure is given to determine the elementary modes from the radiant intensity and the far-zone polarization properties of the entire field. The method is applied to quasihomogeneous fields with rotationally symmetric cosine-modulated radiant intensity distributions. This is an adequate model for fields emitted by, e.g., many light-emitting diodes.