cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Junge Akademie Magazin
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Globalisierung
subject: Wissenschaftsstandards
subject: Klimaänderung
subject: Exzellenzinitiative
subject: Brain Study
subject: 000

description: Liebe Leserinnen, liebe Leser, wie so viele Dinge des täglichen Lebens unterliegen auch scheinbar gesicherte wissenschaftliche Fakten einem ständigen Wandel. Dabei gilt es in der Forschung oft, vertraute Wege zu verlassen und neue Perspektiven und Ansätze zu wagen, ohne dabei Altbewährtes gänzlich außer Acht zu lassen. Von den kleinen und großen Wandeln und Wandlungen in Forschung, Lehre und Kunst handelt auch diese Ausgabe des Junge Akademie Magazins. So diskutieren Katharina Landfester, Patrick Bahners, Alf Mentzer und Jürgen Trabant über den Balanceakt zwischen dem Wunsch, bestmöglich in der eigenen Sprache forschen zu können, und dem Zwang, die Resultate und Erkenntnisse im Globalesisch einer sich verändernden Welt kommunizieren zu müssen. Keine Schwierigkeiten, eine Sprache und Form des Ausdrucks zu finden, haben hingegen die TeilnehmerInnen der Preisfrage der Jungen Akademie. Auch mit der letztjährigen Preisfrage „Wovon träumen wir?“ suchte und fand die Junge Akademie wieder auf traditionelle Weise einen neuen Dialog mit „der“ Gesellschaft. Katja Spross berichtet von den Beiträgen der drei Preisträger. Julia Fischer schreibt über einen internationalen Workshop der Arbeitsgruppe Information, in dem unter anderem die Frage diskutiert wurde, ob der Informationsbegriff in verschiedenen Disziplinen einem Wandel unterworfen ist. In einem Artikel zur Arbeitsgruppe „Klima & Kultur“ geht es um die Umkehrung der üblicherweise diskutierten Kausalitätskette: Wie passten sich vergangene Gesellschaften und Kulturen abrupten Klimaveränderungen an? In ihrem Bericht über das zweite British-German Frontiers of Science Symposium beschreibt Katharina Jung, wie WissenschaftlerInnen an den Grenzen ihrer Fächer und über diese hinweg diskutieren – also genau dort, wo in der Forschung Neues entsteht und Veränderungen am rasantesten vonstatten gehen. Für einen höheren Stellenwert der universitären Lehre plädieren Katharina Landfester und Kärin Nickelsen. Dabei gelte es, das Humboldtsche Prinzip der Einheit von Lehre und Forschung zu erhalten, gleichzeitig aber neue, alternative und vor allem flexiblere Konzepte der Lehrgestaltung zu ermöglichen. Außerdem werden zwei wahre Wandlungskünstler porträtiert: der Regisseur und Komponist Julian Klein, der sich dem Werden verschrieben hat und Komposition als gemeinsam erlebten Entwicklungsprozess mit offenem Ausgang betrachtet; sowie der Architekt Friedrich von Borries, den besonders die Bewegung und der Rhythmus urbaner Räume interessieren und der letztere temporär zu verändern sucht. Dem zeitlichen Wandel unterliegt auch die Junge Akademie durch ihren fortwährenden Erneuerungsprozess: Wieder werden zehn alte Mitglieder zu jungen Alumni – eine Erfahrung, der auch ich mich, schmerzlich, stellen muss. Thomas Koop Mitglied des Vorstands der Jungen Akademie
description: Junge Akademie Magazin, vol. 8
BigDataGrapes D2.3 - BigDataGrapes Software Stack Design
Creators: name: Katsivelis, Panagis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Deliverable D2.3 is the first submitted iteration of a living document that will describe the components and architecture of the BigDataGrapes software stack, providing design principles and technical guidelines in order for the platform’s functionalities to be aligned with the requirements of the end users represented in the project. The current version of the specification is based on the preliminary analysis of the use cases provided by the three BigDataGrapes industrial partners, covering the basic functional and non-functional expectations from the platform in order for the latter to conform to the requirements of those use cases. It is expected that, as the use cases are refined and executed, the overall specification and the corresponding architecture will evolve towards the new requirements that arise. To this end, the specifications document is treated as a living document, with regular submission to the EC of versions that report on significant changes in design and functionality.
Plants for Coastal Dunes of the Gulf and South Atlantic Coasts and Puerto Rico
Creators: name: Craig, Robert M.
name: Craig, Robert M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Excerpts from the report: Dunes and beaches make up nearly 1,800 of the 3,000 miles of seacoast in the five Gulf states, Georgia, and Puerto Rico. Erosion is a problem on about 900 miles of Atlantic and Gulf coast dunes and beaches in these areas. With the right kinds of native and naturalized plants, much of this erosion can be prevented. This publication was written to help people select and use plants to stabilize and beautify dunes. It is intended mainly for planners, landscapers, nursery operators, developers, and homeowners. The information applies to coastal dunes and beaches of Puerto Rico, Texas, Mississippi, Louisiana, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia.
A novel quasi-exactly solvable spin chain with nearest-neighbors interactions
Creators: name: Enciso, A.
name: Finkel, F.
name: Gonzalez-Lopez, A.
name: Rodriguez, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study a novel spin chain with nearest-neighbors interactions depending on the sites coordinates, which in some sense is intermediate between the Heisenberg chain and the spin chains of Haldane-Shastry type. We show that when the number of spins is sufficiently large both the density of sites and the strength of the interaction between consecutive spins follow the Gaussian law. We develop an extension of the standard freezing trick argument that enables us to exactly compute a certain number of eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenfunctions. The eigenvalues thus computed are all integers, and in fact our numerical studies evidence that these are the only integer eigenvalues of the chain under consideration. This fact suggests that this chain can be regarded as a finite-dimensional analog of the class of quasi-exactly solvable Schroedinger operators, which has been extensively studied in the last two decades. We have applied the method of moments to study some statistical properties of the chain's spectrum, showing in particular that the density of eigenvalues follows a Wigner-like law. Finally, we emphasize that, unlike the original freezing trick, the extension thereof developed in this paper can be applied to spin chains whose associated dynamical spin model is only quasi-exactly solvable.
description: 38 pages, 8 figures
Gravitational waves from spectator Gauge-flation
Creators: name: Iarygina, Oksana
name: Sfakianakis, Evangelos I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the viability of inflation with a spectator sector comprised of non-Abelian gauge fields coupled through a higher order operator. We dub this model "spectator Gauge-flation". We study the predictions for the amplitude and tensor tilt of chiral gravitational waves and conclude that a slightly red-tilted tensor power spectrum is preferred $n_T=-{\cal O}(0.01)$. As with related models, the enhancement of chiral gravitational waves with respect to the single-field vacuum gravitational wave background is controlled by the parameter $γ=g^2 Q^2/H^2$, where $g$ is the gauge coupling, $H$ is the Hubble scale and $Q$ is the VEV of the $SU(2)$ sector. The requirement that the $SU(2)$ is a spectator sector leads to a maximum allowed value for $γ$, thereby constraining the possible amplification. In order to provide concrete predictions, we use an $α$-attractor T-model potential for the inflaton sector. Potential observation of chiral gravitational waves with significantly tilted tensor spectra would then indicate the presence of additional couplings of the gauge fields to axions, like in the spectator axion-SU(2) model, or additional gauge field operators.
description: 33 pages, 11 figures
Magic, Adventure & Social Participation: Tabletop Role-Playing Games and Their Potential to Promote Social Inclusion and Citizenship
Creators: name: Goodall, Anne M.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2021
Subjects: Social Participation
Tabletop Role-Playing Games
Social Insertion
Citizenship

description: Tabletop role-playing games (TTRPG) have faced stigma since their inception in the 1970s, and this stigmatization persists to some degree today, arguing these games teach anti-social behaviours. On the other hand, academics have argued for the benefits of game play. These contradictory discourses have led to the question: What are the learning outcomes associated with tabletop role-playing? This study analyzed qualitative semi-directed interviews with nine individuals who have identified themselves as having experienced hardships on which TTRPGs have had a positive effect. Experiences identified by the participants included incarceration, social exclusion, gender transition and mental health-related challenges. It was found that all participants experienced, to varying degrees, social and societal isolation related to their hardships. However, TTRPGs had perceived benefits—for example, self-development, skill development and achievement—which went beyond the gaming context, and had an effect on different aspects of the participant’s lives. I argue that TTRPGs provided a context which acted as a liminal space, helping players transition away from social and societal isolation towards a form of social participation. This suggests that TTRPGs may help players engage in citizenship. This study expands on current RPG research, by looking at the actual experience of playing these games and the long-lasting impact they can have on players.
Spaying of Western Range Heifers
Creators: name: Curtis, Jim
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1981

description: Spayed heifers can be run with steers, breeding heifers or even stock cows without causing the least disturbance to the herd because of cycling. Bulls need not be provided for them and the cost of spaying is much less than the cost of breeding
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1981
Characteristics of ginsenoside Rd-induced effects on rat intestinal contractility with irritable bowel syndrome
Creators: name: Liu, Fangfei
name: Shen, Yating
name: Li, Jiabin
name: Bi, Lixia
name: Ye, Xiaoli
name: Li, Yanhong
name: Zhi, Du
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a very common refractory disease. Its exact pathophysiological mechanism is still unclear. Despite the availability of plentiful drugs to control IBS, most patients do not respond well. Ginsenoside Rd is one of the major active components of Panax ginseng, which has been verified to produce various pharmacological actions. However, the role of ginsenoside Rd in modulating smooth muscle contractility is still undefined. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of ginsenoside Rd on intestinal contractility and related mechanisms in IBS.
Muon production in low-energy electron-nucleon and electron-nucleus scattering
Creators: name: Jaikumar, Prashanth
name: Phillips, Daniel R.
name: Platter, Lucas
name: Prakash, Madappa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, muon production in electron-proton scattering has been suggested as a possible candidate reaction for the identification of lepton-flavor violation due to physics beyond the Standard Model. Here we point out that the Standard-Model processes $e^- p \to μ^- p \barν_μν_e$ and $e^- p \to e^- n μ^+ ν_μ$ can cloud potential beyond-the-Standard-Model signals in electron-proton collisions. We find that Standard-Model $e p \to μX$ cross sections exceed those from lepton-flavor-violating operators by several orders of magnitude. We also discuss the possibility of using a nuclear target to enhance the $e p \to μX$ signal.
description: 24 pages. Additional figure showing energy-dependence of total cross section, minor changes to text. Conclusions unaltered. This version to appear in Physical Review D
Optimizing small BERTs trained for German NER
Creators: name: Zöllner, Jochen
name: Sperfeld, Konrad
name: Wick, Christoph
name: Labahn, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Currently, the most widespread neural network architecture for training language models is the so called BERT which led to improvements in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. In general, the larger the number of parameters in a BERT model, the better the results obtained in these NLP tasks. Unfortunately, the memory consumption and the training duration drastically increases with the size of these models. In this article, we investigate various training techniques of smaller BERT models: We combine different methods from other BERT variants like ALBERT, RoBERTa, and relative positional encoding. In addition, we propose two new fine-tuning modifications leading to better performance: Class-Start-End tagging and a modified form of Linear Chain Conditional Random Fields. Furthermore, we introduce Whole-Word Attention which reduces BERTs memory usage and leads to a small increase in performance compared to classical Multi-Head-Attention. We evaluate these techniques on five public German Named Entity Recognition (NER) tasks of which two are introduced by this article.
Non-thermal leptogenesis with strongly hierarchical right handed neutrinos
Creators: name: Senoguz, V. Nefer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming the Dirac-type neutrino masses m_D are related to quark or charged lepton masses, neutrino oscillation data indicate that right handed neutrino masses are in general strongly hierarchical. In particular, if m_D is similar to the up-type quark masses, the mass of the lightest right handed neutrino M_1
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. v2: added some comments and references, v3: minor corrections and additions, v4: a typo corrected, published version
Emergent Supersymmetry on the Edges
Creators: name: Bae, Jin-Beom
name: Lee, Sungjay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The WZW models describe the dynamics of the edge modes of Chern-Simons theories in three dimensions. We explore the WZW models which can be mapped to supersymmetric theories via the generalized Jordan-Wigner transformation. Some of such models have supersymmetric Ramond vacua, but the others break the supersymmetry spontaneously. We also make a comment on recent proposals that the Read-Rezayi states at filling fraction $ν=1/2,~2/3$ are able to support supersymmetry.
description: 47 pages. We added in the revised manuscript a few paragraphs clarifying the role of fermionization to show emergent supersymmetry of the chiral theory on the edges
Detecting Early Galaxies Through Their 21-cm Signature
Creators: name: Naoz, Smadar
name: Barkana, Rennan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New observations over the next few years of the emission of distant objects will help unfold the chapter in cosmic history around the era of the first galaxies. These observations will use the neutral hydrogen emission or absorption at a wavelength of 21-cm as a detector of the hydrogen abundance. We predict the signature on the 21-cm signal of the early generations of galaxies. We calculate the 21-cm power spectrum including two physical effects that were neglected in previous calculations. The first is the redistribution of the UV photons from the first galaxies due to their scattering off of the neutral hydrogen, which results in an enhancement of the 21-cm signal. The second is the presence of an ionized hydrogen bubble near each source, which produces a cutoff at observable scales. We show that the resulting clear signature in the 21-cm power spectrum can be used to detect and study the population of galaxies that formed just 200 million years after the Big Bang.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to MNRAS Lett
Super-Heisenberg scaling in Hamiltonian parameter estimation in the long-range Kitaev chain
Creators: name: Yang, Jing
name: Pang, Shengshi
name: del Campo, Adolfo
name: Jordan, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum metrology, nonlinear many-body interactions can enhance the precision of Hamiltonian parameter estimation to surpass the Heisenberg scaling. Here, we consider the estimation of the interaction strength in linear systems with long-range interactions and using the Kitaev chains as a case study, we establish a transition from the Heisenberg to super-Heisenberg scaling in the quantum Fisher information by varying the interaction range. We further show that quantum control can improve the prefactor of the quantum Fisher information. Our results explore the advantage of optimal quantum control and long-range interactions in many-body quantum metrology.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Extracting falsifiable predictions from sloppy models
Creators: name: Gutenkunst, Ryan N.
name: Casey, Fergal P.
name: Waterfall, Joshua J.
name: Myers, Christopher R.
name: Sethna, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Successful predictions are among the most compelling validations of any model. Extracting falsifiable predictions from nonlinear multiparameter models is complicated by the fact that such models are commonly sloppy, possessing sensitivities to different parameter combinations that range over many decades. Here we discuss how sloppiness affects the sorts of data that best constrain model predictions, makes linear uncertainty approximations dangerous, and introduces computational difficulties in Monte-Carlo uncertainty analysis. We also present a useful test problem and suggest refinements to the standards by which models are communicated.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Submitted to the Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences for publication in "Reverse Engineering Biological Networks: Opportunities and Challenges in Computational Methods for Pathway Inference"
A Model of Turbulence in Magnetized Plasmas: Implications for the Dissipation Range in the Solar Wind
Creators: name: Howes, Gregory G.
name: Cowley, Steven C.
name: Dorland, William
name: Hammett, Gregory W.
name: Quataert, Eliot
name: Schekochihin, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper studies the turbulent cascade of magnetic energy in weakly collisional magnetized plasmas. A cascade model is presented, based on the assumptions of local nonlinear energy transfer in wavenumber space, critical balance between linear propagation and nonlinear interaction times, and the applicability of linear dissipation rates for the nonlinearly turbulent plasma. The model follows the nonlinear cascade of energy from the driving scale in the MHD regime, through the transition at the ion Larmor radius into the kinetic Alfven wave regime, in which the turbulence is dissipated by kinetic processes. The turbulent fluctuations remain at frequencies below the ion cyclotron frequency due to the strong anisotropy of the turbulent fluctuations, k_parallel << k_perp (implied by critical balance). In this limit, the turbulence is optimally described by gyrokinetics; it is shown that the gyrokinetic approximation is well satisfied for typical slow solar wind parameters. Wave phase velocity measurements are consistent with a kinetic Alfven wave cascade and not the onset of ion cyclotron damping. The conditions under which the gyrokinetic cascade reaches the ion cyclotron frequency are established. Cascade model solutions imply that collisionless damping provides a natural explanation for the observed range of spectral indices in the dissipation range of the solar wind. The dissipation range spectrum is predicted to be an exponential fall off; the power-law behavior apparent in observations may be an artifact of limited instrumental sensitivity. The cascade model is motivated by a programme of gyrokinetic simulations of turbulence and particle heating in the solar wind.
description: 29 pages, 14 figures
Three essays on R&D and technological progress
Creators: name: Zhang, Yimin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis investigates several aspects of research and development (R&D) and technological progress. In Chapter 2 of the thesis, major stylized facts about R&D and other economic activities established in the existing empirical literature are reviewed and summarized. The chapter also undertakes some original empirical work. Specifically, the role of firm size in the determination of R&D intensity is examined, and the market evaluation of intangible assets of knowledge is investigated. Both relationships are estimated using alternative formulations and a set of pooled cross-section and time-series data for the U.S. In Chapter 3, the relationship between the R&D investment decisions and the financial decisions of a firm is studied from the perspective of managerial behaviour. A model of managerial agency costs is set up and the relationships between agency costs, debt financing, R&D investment, and the technological state of the firm are analyzed. Comparative statics analysis shows that firms with different technologies may choose different levels of financial leverage and R&D investment. In particular, firms possessing superior technology tend to invest more on R&D projects and use less debt than firms with "normal" technology. The chapter also presents some empirical evidence that supports this relationship. In Chapter 4, a general equilibrium model is set forth to study the economic consequences of technological progress in the manufacturing sector. Empirical evidence has shown that the service sector has been growing rapidly relative to manufacturing, signifying a significant shift in economic structure in several countries, particularly the U.S. This essay shows that this structural shift can be partly explained by fast growing productivity in the manufacturing sector. Also, the impact of the structural shift, particularly on capital investment, is examined within a general equilibrium framework. Different assumptions, with regard to the capital intensiveness of the service sector and with regard to the type of technological change, yield different predictions. Empirical evidence reveals that past technological changes have been principally labour saving and that the service sector in the U.S. economy is likely to be relatively capital intensive.
Coupled-cluster theory for three-body Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Hagen, G.
name: Papenbrock, T.
name: Dean, D. J.
name: Schwenk, A.
name: Nogga, A.
name: Wloch, M.
name: Piecuch, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive coupled-cluster equations for three-body Hamiltonians. The equations for the one- and two-body cluster amplitudes are presented in a factorized form that leads to an efficient numerical implementation. We employ low-momentum two- and three-nucleon interactions and calculate the binding energy of He-4. The results show that the main contribution of the three-nucleon interaction stems from its density-dependent zero-, one-, and two-body terms that result from the normal ordering of the Hamiltonian in coupled-cluster theory. The residual three-body terms that remain after normal ordering can be neglected.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Decaying Dark Energy in Higher-Dimensional Gravity
Creators: name: Overduin, J. M.
name: Wesson, P. S.
name: Mashhoon, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use data from observational cosmology to put constraints on higher-dimensional extensions of general relativity in which the effective four-dimensional dark-energy density (or cosmological "constant") decays with time. In particular we study the implications of this decaying dark energy for the age of the universe, large-scale structure formation, big-bang nucleosynthesis and the magnitude-redshift relation for Type Ia supernovae. Two of these tests (age and the magnitude-redshift relation) place modest lower limits on the free parameter of the theory, a cosmological length scale L akin to the de Sitter radius. These limits will improve if experimental uncertainties on supernova magnitudes can be reduced around z=1.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, submitted to A&A
Strong-field Coherent Control of Isolated Attosecond Pulse Generation
Creators: name: Yang, Yudong
name: Mainz, Roland E.
name: Rossi, Giulio Maria
name: Scheiba, Fabian
name: Silva-Toledo, Miguel A.
name: Keathley, Phillip D.
name: Cirmi, Giovanni
name: Kärtner, Franz X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Attosecond science promises to reveal the most fundamental electronic dynamics occurring in matter and it can develop further by meeting two linked technological goals related to high-order harmonic sources: higher photon flux (permitting to measure low cross-section processes) and improved spectral tunability (allowing selectivity in addressing specific electronic transitions). New developments come through parametric waveform synthesis, which provides control over the shape of high-energy electric field transients, enabling the creation of highly-tunable isolated attosecond pulses via high-harmonic generation. Here we show that central energy, spectral bandwidth/shape and temporal duration of the attosecond pulses can be controlled by shaping the laser pulse waveform via two key parameters: the relative-phase between two halves of the multi-octave spanning optical spectrum, and the overall carrier-envelope phase. These results not only promise to expand the experimental possibilities in attosecond science, but also demonstrate coherent strong-field control of free-electron trajectories using tailored optical waveforms.
Οργάνωση και λειτουργία των σχολείων της Κοζάνης κατά την ύστερη Οθωμανική περίοδο (1860-1912) με βάση τα αρχεία της πόλης:
Creators: name: Μαλούτα, Μαρία Ι.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2013
Subjects: Σχολεία
Εκπαίδευση
Οργάνωση
Λειτουργία
Schools
Education
Organization
Operation

description: Στην παρούσα μελέτη εξετάζονται πτυχές της οργάνωσης και λειτουργίας των σχολείων της Κοζάνης την ύστερη οθωμανική περίοδο 1860-1912 με βάση τα αρχεία της πόλης. Θεσμικά όργανα της εκπαιδευτικής διοίκησης στην Κοζάνη ήταν η Δημογεροντία, η σχολική Εφορεία, οι σχολάρχες των εκπαιδευτηρίων και ο σχολικός επόπτης. Κατά την υπό εξέταση περίοδο λειτούργησαν στην Κοζάνη « Γυμνάσιον πλήρες», «Τελεία Αστική Σχολή Αρρένων», «Τελεία Κεντρική Σχολή Αρρένων », «Νηπιαγωγείο», «Παρθεναγωγείο» και Παράρτημά του, επαυξάνοντας τη φήμη της ως σπουδαίου εκπαιδευτικού κέντρου της ύστερης οθωμανικής περιόδου. Οι τοπικοί φιλεκπαιδευτικοί σύλλογοι «Φοίνικας» και Πανδώρα» της Κοζάνης, πολλοί ευεργέτες, εκπαιδευτικοί και σχολική Εφορεία συνεπικουρούσαν στη λειτουργία των εκπαιδευτηρίων της πόλης.
description: In the present dissertation, basic aspects of the organization and operation of the educational institutions of Kozani for the period 1860-1912 according to the city records are examined. The Elders of the community, the school Board, the directors of the educational institutions and the school supervisor were the main institutions responsible for the administration of education in Kozani. At that time, a large number of secondary educational institutions operated in the town of Kozani, as well as a Nursery School and a Girls’ School, enhancing its reputation as one of the educational centres of the late Ottoman period. “Phoenix” and “Pandora”, the newly established Pro-Educational Clubs of Kozani, more benefactors, teachers and school Board were assisting in the operation schools.
Doping of γ -Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles in Pluronic F127/ DMF LLCs phases to tune the structural transitions and rheological behavior
Creators: name: Singh, Prayas
name: Manori, Samta
name: Sachdev, Surbhi
name: Kumar, Ashwani
name: Raina, Kuldeep Kumar
name: Shukla, Ravi K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A new rapid microwave-assisted approach has been employed to prepare the γ-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (γ-Fe3O4 MNPs). The formation of spherical γ-Fe3O4 MNPs with an average size of 45 nm and bandgap of 2.3 eV is confirmed by FESEM and UV–Visible spectroscopy. γ-Fe3O4 is doped (0.01 wt% and 0.02 wt%) in the lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) lamellar phases of Pluronic F127/N,N dimethylformamide (DMF) to prepare the LLC nanocolloids. Polarizing optical microscopy measurement reveals that γ-Fe3O4 doping does not affect the lamellar LLC structures except 0.02 wt% at 10:90 wt%:wt% system where lamellar to nematic LLC phase transition is observed. Pure LLC phases and nanocolloids are studied for steady and dynamic rheological behavior. LLC phases and LLC nanocolloids possess shear thinning and solid viscoelastic behavior. A complex moduli study of LLCs and LLC nanocolloids is done which indicates the highly elastic strength-based lamellar and nematic phases. Shear-thinning and highly viscoelastic nature of LLCs and LLC nanocolloids have future applications in lubrication, cleaning, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical.
Conservation Tillage: Things to Consider
Creators: name: King, Arnold D.
name: Holcomb, G. B.
name: King, Arnold D.
name: Holcomb, G. B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: Excerpts from the report Introduction: In this bulletin are answers to various questions you may have about whether you want to join the thousands of farmers who have switched to conservation tillage. Others say they will change when they feel confident enough to borrow money for investment in conservation tillage equipment. Some conservation tillage advocates say that before you get further into debt, you might be able to test new systems before buying equipment. Conservation tillage systems reduce erosion and moisture loss by leaving crop residue on the surface until new crops are planted. Such systems mark a striking evolution in farming practices when compared with traditional, conventional tillage. The latter refers to previously favored tillage systems using implements that buried or otherwise mixed surface residue into the soil. A lot of residue is involved. The major field crops harvested in this country (from about 341 million acres) produce about 400 million tons of crop residue each year. Any of that residue left on the surface shields soil from the beating of raindrops. Residue holds soil and water and reduces sediment and chemical runoff.
The generator coordinate method in time-dependent density-functional theory: memory made simple
Creators: name: Orestes, E.
name: Capelle, K.
name: da Silva, A. B. F.
name: Ullrich, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generator coordinate (GC) method is a variational approach to the quantum many-body problem in which interacting many-body wave functions are constructed as superpositions of (generally nonorthogonal) eigenstates of auxiliary Hamiltonians containing a deformation parameter. This paper presents a time-dependent extension of the GC method as a new approach to improve existing approximations of the exchange-correlation (XC) potential in time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT). The time-dependent GC method is shown to be a conceptually and computationally simple tool to build memory effects into any existing adiabatic XC potential. As an illustration, the method is applied to driven parametric oscillations of two interacting electrons in a harmonic potential (Hooke's atom). It is demonstrated that a proper choice of time-dependent generator coordinates in conjunction with the adiabatic local-density approximation reproduces the exact linear and nonlinear two-electron dynamics quite accurately, including features associated with double excitations that cannot be captured by TDDFT in the adiabatic approximation.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures
Gravitational corrections to two-loop beta function in quantum electrodynamics
Creators: name: Bevilaqua, L. Ibiapina
name: Dias, M.
name: Lehum, A. C.
name: Senise, C. R.
name: da Silva, A. J.
name: Souza, Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we use the framework of effective field theory to couple Einstein's gravity to quantum electrodynamics (QED) and determine the gravitational corrections to the two-loop beta function of the electric charge in arbitrary electrodynamics (Lorentz-like) and arbitrary (de Donder like) gravitational gauges. Our results indicate that gravitational corrections do not alter the running behavior of the electric charge; on the contrary, we observe that it gives a positive contribution to the beta function, making the electric charge grow even faster.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures. Revised version
Revisiting the dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates in a double well by deep learning with a hybrid network
Creators: name: Li, Shurui
name: Xu, Jianqin
name: Qian, Jing
name: Zhang, Weiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning, accounting for the use of an elaborate neural network, has recently been developed as an efficient and powerful tool to solve diverse problems in physics and other sciences. In the present work, we propose a novel learning method based on a hybrid network integrating two different kinds of neural networks: Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM) and Deep Residual Network(ResNet), in order to overcome the difficulty met in numerically simulating strongly-oscillating dynamical evolutions of physical systems. By taking the dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates in a double-well potential as an example, we show that our new method makes a high efficient pre-learning and a high-fidelity prediction about the whole dynamics. This benefits from the advantage of the combination of the LSTM and the ResNet and is impossibly achieved by a single network in the case of direct learning. Our method can be applied for simulating complex cooperative dynamics in a system with fast multiple-frequency oscillations with the aid of auxiliary spectrum analysis.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Performance evaluation of Selenite (SeO32−) reduction by enterococcus spp.
Creators: name: Tendenedzai, Job
name: Chirwa, Evans
name: Brink, Hendrik
Publisher: name: University of Pretoria
Year: 2021
Subjects: Environmental engineering not elsewhere classified
Wastewater treatment processes

description: Data used for publication "Performance Evaluation of Selenite (SeO32−) Reduction by Enterococcus spp" in the MDPI journal Catalysts. Results from the experiments showed that the average reductions rates were 0.608, 1.921 and 3.238 mmol·(L·h)−1, for the 1, 3 and 5 mM SeO32− concentrations respectively.
BigDataGrapes D3.1 - Data Modelling and Linking Components
Creators: name: Alexiev, Vladimir
name: Tulechki, Nikola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: WP3 Data & Semantics Layer is a core WP of the project. Within this WP3, task T3.1 Data Modelling over Big Data Infrastructures has the following objectives: ● Explore partner data; ● Define competence questions that the data should be able to answer; ● Study relevant AgroBio ontologies; ● Define semantic modelling principles and specific models; ● Study user (researcher) requirements for discovering ontologies, mapping data, aligning data, etc.; ● Implement or adopt tools for these requirements. The document has the following structure: ● Chapter 1 Introduction describes fundamental AgroBio data (observations and measurements), outlines the ontological representation of measurements, mentions possible alternatives (e.g. following existing AgroBio patterns vs using the W3C CUBE ontology), describes the steps of semantic data integration, and provides links to consortium resources related to the task. ● Chapter 2 Chosen OntologiesLists the 3 ontologies chosens to form the core of the BDG Semantic Data model ● Chapter 3 Specific Project Data discusses how we adapt the BDG data model to the specifics of the tasks at hand and how we adapt the vast and heterogeneous datasets from the consortium to the harmonized model. We present the data processing requirements and data access requirements based on the quasi-totality of the data collected in the project. We also present several use-cases where particular data issues specific to the project are addressed on a fine-grained scale. ● Chapter 4 Conclusions provides conclusions and a bibliography. Deliverable D3.1 Data Modelling and Linking Components had 3 iterations at M9, M21, M30. Тhis is the final version.
Interaction of cytochrome b₅ and cytochrome c
Creators: name: Eltis, Lindsay David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The interaction and kinetics of electron transfer between cytochrome b₅ and cytochrome c, two well characterised soluble electron transfer proteins, have been investigated by three techniques. First, fluorescence quenching experiments were done with cytochrome b₅ and porphyrin cytochrome c, a fluorescent analogue of cytochrome c. These quenching studies yielded association constants and structural information for the cytochrome b₅ cytochrome c complex. Second, an analysis of the rate of flavin semiquinone reduction of the cytochromes within the cytochrome b₅ cytochrome c complex yielded information about the structure and electrostatics of die complex. Third, the second order rate constant for ferrocytochrome b₅ reduction of ferricytochrome c was determined under a variety of solution conditions by stopped-flow spectroscopy. Particular effort was directed at evaluating the role of the cytochrome bs heme propionates in the interaction and electron transfer between cytochrome b₅ and c through performing each of diese three studies with a derivative of cytochrome b₅ in which die heme propionates had been esterified (referred to as DME-cytochrome b₅). The fluorescence quenching studies on the interaction of cytochrome b₅ and porphyrin cytochrome c and die kinetics of flavin semiquinone reduction of the proteins within the cytochrome b₅ cytochrome c complex provided evidence that esterification of the cytochrome b₅ heme propionates, influences the docking geometry of the two proteins. These findings support the predictions of electrostatic calculations [Mauk, M.R., Mauk, A.G., Weber, P.C. & Matthew, J.B. (1986) Biochemistry, 25, 7085] in two respects. First, esterification of the cytochrome b₅ heme propionates detectably increases the separation between die two heme groups in die cytochrome b₅ cytochrome c complex. Second, die cytochrome c heme group is not as sterically hindered in the DME-cytochiome b₅ cytochrome c complex as in die cytochrome b₅ cytochrome c complex. The stopped-flow studies demonstrate that the bimolecular rate constant for ferrocytochrome b₅ reduction of ferricytochrome c is determined in part by the rate of association of the two proteins. This rate of association is strongly influenced by electrostatic forces. The principal effect of esterification of the cytochrome b₅ heme propionates on the second order rate of electron transfer between cytochromes bs and c is to influence complex formation between these two proteins. The stopped-flow studies further suggest that the reduction potentials of native and DME-cytochromes b₅ are not significantly different when these proteins are bound to cytochrome c. The nature of electron transfer protein-protein interactions and protein-protein electron transfer is discussed with respect to these findings.
Sampling-based quasiprobability simulation for fault-tolerant quantum error correction on the surface codes under coherent noise
Creators: name: Hakkaku, Shigeo
name: Mitarai, Kosuke
name: Fujii, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a sampling-based simulation for fault-tolerant quantum error correction under coherent noise. A mixture of incoherent and coherent noise, possibly due to over-rotation, is decomposed into Clifford channels with a quasiprobability distribution. Then, an unbiased estimator of the logical error probability is constructed by sampling Clifford channels with an appropriate postprocessing. We characterize the sampling cost via the channel robustness and find that the proposed sampling-based method is feasible even for planar surface codes with relatively large code distances intractable for full state-vector simulations. As a demonstration, we simulate repetitive faulty syndrome measurements on the planar surface code of distance 5 with 81 qubits. We find that the coherent error increases the logical error rate. This is a practical application of the quasiprobability simulation for a meaningful task and would be useful to explore experimental quantum error correction on the near-term quantum devices.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. v2: minor corrections, published version
Asymmetric accidental composite dark matter
Creators: name: Bottaro, Salvatore
name: Costa, Marco
name: Popov, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The goal of this work is to find the simplest UV completion of Accidental Composite Dark Matter Models (ACDM) that can dynamically generate an asymmetry for the DM candidate, the lightest \textit{dark baryon} (DCb), and simultaneously annihilate the symmetric component. In this framework the DCb is a bound state of a confining $\text{SU}(N)_{\text{DC}}$ gauge group, and can interact weakly with the visible sector. The constituents of the DCb can possess non-trivial charges under the Standard Model gauge group. The generation of asymmetry for such candidate is a two-flavor variation of the \emph{out-of-equilibrium} decay of a heavy scalar, with mass $M_ϕ\gtrsim 10^{10}$ GeV. Below the scale of the scalars, the models recover accidental stability, or long-livedness, of the DM candidate. The symmetric component is annihilated by residual confined interactions provided that the mass of the DCb $m_{\text{DCb}} \lesssim 75$ TeV. We implement the mechanism of asymmetry generation, or a variation of it, in all the original ACDM models, managing to generate the correct asymmetry for DCb of masses in this range. For some of the models found, the stability of the DM candidate is not spoiled even considering generic GUT completions or asymmetry generation mechanisms in the visible sector.
description: 40+5 pages, 12 figures. Scalars now can be as light as 10^10 GeV. A phenomenology section and references have been added. Matching with the version accepted on JHEP
Dissipation-Scale Turbulence in the Solar Wind
Creators: name: Howes, Gregory G.
name: Cowley, Steven C.
name: Dorland, William
name: Hammett, Gregory W.
name: Quataert, Eliot
name: Schekochihin, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a cascade model for turbulence in weakly collisional plasmas that follows the nonlinear cascade of energy from the large scales of driving in the MHD regime to the small scales of the kinetic Alfven wave regime where the turbulence is dissipated by kinetic processes. Steady-state solutions of the model for the slow solar wind yield three conclusions: (1) beyond the observed break in the magnetic energy spectrum, one expects an exponential cut-off; (2) the widely held interpretation that this dissipation range obeys power-law behavior is an artifact of instrumental sensitivity limitations; and, (3) over the range of parameters relevant to the solar wind, the observed variation of dissipation range spectral indices from -2 to -4 is naturally explained by the varying effectiveness of Landau damping, from an undamped prediction of -7/3 to a strongly damped index around -4.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in AIP Conference Proceedings on "Turbulence and Nonlinear Processes in Astrophysical Plasmas"
The Transit Light Curve Project. VI. Three Transits of the Exoplanet TrES-2
Creators: name: Holman, Matthew J.
name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Latham, David W.
name: O'Donovan, Francis T.
name: Charbonneau, David
name: Torres, Guillermo
name: Sozzetti, Alessandro
name: Fernandez, Jose
name: Everett, Mark E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Of the nearby transiting exoplanets that are amenable to detailed study, TrES-2 is both the most massive and has the largest impact parameter. We present z-band photometry of three transits of TrES-2. We improve upon the estimates of the planetary, stellar, and orbital parameters, in conjunction with the spectroscopic analysis of the host star by Sozzetti and co-workers. We find the planetary radius to be 1.222 +/- 0.038 R_Jup and the stellar radius to be 1.003 +/- 0.027 R_Sun. The quoted uncertainties include the systematic error due to the uncertainty in the stellar mass (0.980 +/- 0.062 M_Sun). The timings of the transits have an accuracy of 25s and are consistent with a uniform period, thus providing a baseline for future observations with the NASA Kepler satellite, whose field of view will include TrES-2.
description: 15 pages, including 2 figures, accepted ApJ