cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Policy Watch: Can a Surge Succeed?
Creators: name: Katz, Mark N.
Publisher: name: UPI.com (United Press International, Inc.)
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: International affairs
subject: Iraq War, 2003-2010

description: © 2006 United Press International, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Deposited with permission from UPI.com.
description: Retired U.S. Army General Jack Keane and American Enterprise Institute scholar Frederic W. Kagan have argued that any "surge" of additional American troops to Iraq should be "large and lasting." In a Washington Post op-ed piece published on Dec. 27, they provide a thoughtful rationale for why the surge is only likely to be successful if it consists of at least 30,000 more combat troops and lasts at least 18 months. They are undoubtedly right that a smaller surge for a shorter period of time would not succeed. Their argument for a "large and lasting" surge, though, is based on an assumption which, if false, would also prevent what they propose from succeeding.
Limits on Dark Matter Effective Field Theory Parameters with CRESST-II
Creators: name: Angloher, G.
name: Bauer, P.
name: Bento, A.
name: Bertoldo, E.
name: Bucci, C.
name: Canonica, L.
name: D'Addabbo, A.
name: Defay, X.
name: Di Lorenzo, S.
name: Erb, A.
name: Feilitzsch, F. v.
name: Iachellini, N. Ferreiro
name: Gorla, P.
name: Hauff, D.
name: Jochum, J.
name: Kiefer, M.
name: Kluck, H.
name: Kraus, H.
name: Langenkämper, A.
name: Mancuso, M.
name: Mokina, V.
name: Mondragon, E.
name: Morgalyuk, V.
name: Münster, A.
name: Olmi, M.
name: Pagliarone, C.
name: Petricca, F.
name: Potzel, W.
name: Pröbst, F.
name: Reindl, F.
name: Rothe, J.
name: Schäffner, K.
name: Schieck, J.
name: Schipperges, V.
name: Schönert, S.
name: Stahlberg, M.
name: Stodolsky, L.
name: Strandhagen, C.
name: Strauss, R.
name: Türkoglu, C.
name: Usherov, I.
name: Willers, M.
name: Wüstrich, M.
name: Zema, V.
name: Catena, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CRESST is a direct dark matter search experiment, aiming for an observation of nuclear recoils induced by the interaction of dark matter particles with cryogenic scintillating calcium tungstate crystals. Instead of confining ourselves to standard spin-independent and spin-dependent searches, we re-analyze data from CRESST-II using a more general effective field theory (EFT) framework. On many of the EFT coupling constants, improved exclusion limits in the low-mass region (< 3-4 GeV) are presented.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures
The Production of Single t-Quarks at LEP and HERA
Creators: name: Fritzsch, Harald
name: Holtmannspoetter, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility to produce single t-quarks both at LEP II and HERA. While within the Standard Model such reactions are not observable, the possibility exists in a wide class of dynamical models for the fermion mass generation. General arguments, based on hierarchical and democratic symmetries are used to arrive at t-production rates which are detectable.
description: 10 latex pages
Neutral B Meson Mixing and Heavy-light Decay Constants from Quenched Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Lellouch, Laurent
name: Lin, C. -J. David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-statistics results for neutral $B$-meson mixing and heavy-light-meson leptonic decays in the quenched approximation from tadpole-improved clover actions at $β= 6.0$ and $β= 6.2$. We consider quantities such as $B_{B_{d(s)}}$, $f_{D_{d(s)}}$, $f_{B_{d(s)}}$ and the full $ΔB=2$ matrix elements as well as the corresponding SU(3)-breaking ratios. These quantities are important for determining the CKM matrix element $|V_{td}|$.
description: LATTICE98(heavyqk). Revised version. Typos in the second and third equations corrected. Very small changes to text. Results unchanged
Magnetic Fields and Fractional Statistics in Boundary Conformal Field Theory
Creators: name: Callan, C. G.
name: Klebanov, I. R.
name: Maldacena, J. M.
name: Yegulalp, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study conformal field theories describing two massless one-dimensional fields interacting at a single spatial point. The interactions we include are periodic functions of the bosonized fields separately plus a ``magnetic'' interaction that mixes the two fields. Such models arise in open string theory and dissipative quantum mechanics and perhaps in edge state tunneling in the fractional quantized Hall effect. The partition function for such theories is a Coulomb gas with interchange phases arising from the magnetic field. These ``fractional statistics'' have a profound effect on the phase structure of the Coulomb gas. In this paper we present new exact and approximate results for this type of generalized Coulomb gas.
description: 24 pages, harvmac (minor corrections in section 5)
Additional File 2:
Creators: name: Pouya Dini
name: Daels, Peter
name: Shavahn Loux
name: Esteller-Vico, Alejandro
name: Carossino, Mariano
name: Scoggin, Kirsten
name: Ball, Barry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Brief methodology for miRNA-sequencing, including mapping, normalization and statistical analysis. (PDF 64 kb)
Detection of the phase shift of an alternating-current magnetic field by quantum sensing with multiple-pulse decoupling sequences
Creators: name: Ishikawa, Toyofumi
name: Yoshizawa, Akio
name: Mawatari, Yasunori
name: Kashiwaya, Satoshi
name: Watanabe, Hideyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetometry utilizing a spin qubit in a solid state possesses high sensitivity. In particular, a magnetic sensor with a high spatial resolution can be achieved with the electron-spin states of a nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond. In this study, we demonstrated that NV quantum sensing based on multiple-pulse decoupling sequences can sensitively measure not only the amplitude but also the phase shift of an alternating-current (AC) magnetic field. In the AC magnetometry based on decoupling sequences, the maximum phase accumulation of the NV spin due to an AC field can be generally obtained when the $π$-pulse period in the sequences matches the half time period of the field and the relative phase difference between the sequences and the field is zero. By contrast, the NV quantum sensor acquires no phase accumulation if the relative phase difference is $π/2$. Thus, this phase-accumulation condition does not have any advantage for the magnetometry. However, we revealed that the non-phase-accumulation condition is available for detecting a very small phase shift of an AC field from its initial phase. This finding is expected to provide a guide for realizing sensitive measurement of a complex AC magnetic field in micrometer and nanometer scales.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Dynamics of (n, 1) Strings
Creators: name: Gukov, S.
name: Klebanov, I. R.
name: Polyakov, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An $(n, 1)$ string is a bound state of a D-string and $n$ fundamental strings. It may be described by a D-string with a world volume electric field turned on. As the electric field approaches its critical value, $n$ becomes large. We calculate the 4-point function for transverse oscillations of an $(n, 1)$ string, and the two-point function for massless closed strings scattering off an $(n, 1)$ string. In both cases we find a set of poles that becomes dense in the large $n$ limit. The effective tension that governs the spacing of these poles is the fundamental string tension divided by $1+(nλ)^2$, where $λ$ is the closed string coupling. We associate this effective tension with the open strings attached to the $(n, 1)$ string, thereby governing its dynamics. We also argue that the effective coupling strenth of these open strings is reduced by the electric field and approaches zero in the large $n$ limit.
description: 10 pages, latex; minor corrections, references added
Additional file 5: of Participation in a single-blinded pediatric therapeutic strategy study for juvenile idiopathic arthritis: are parents and patient-participants in equipoise?
Creators: name: Muller, Petra Hissink
name: Yildiz, Bahar
name: Allaart, Cornelia
name: Brinkman, Danielle
name: Rossum, Marion
name: Suijlekom-Smit, Lisette
name: J. Berg
name: Cate, Rebecca
name: Vries, Martine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S2. Parental preferences at inclusion (phase 1) and during interview (phase 2), in relation to actual enrolled treatment strategy and Table S3. Summary of parental preferences at inclusion (phase 1) and during interview (phase 2) in relation to actual enrolled treatment strategy. Table S3. represents, from all interviewed parents, the parental preferences at inclusion (phase 1) and during interview (phase 2), in relation to the actual enrolled treatment strategy. Table S3. summarizes the results from Table S3. (DOC 61 kb)
title: Telegram: Florence and Robert S. Ashton to C. Harrison Mann, Jr., January 30, 1956
Creators: name: Ashton, Florence
name: Ashton, Robert S.
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Moncure, Frank P.
subject: Moncure bill
subject: Desegregation
subject: Integration
subject: Schools
subject: Arlington County School Board

description: Telegram: typescript, 6" x 8" (15.2 cm x 20.3 cm)
description: Telegram from Florence and Robert S. Ashton to C. Harrison Mann, Jr. urging Mann to vote against the Moncure bill, named after its sponsor Frank P. Moncure, which would remove the elected Arlington County School Board which was percieved to be for integration of Arlington County schools. C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Collection 2.30
Quantifying Suppression of the Cosmological 21-cm Signal due to Direction Dependent Gain Calibration in Radio Interferometers
Creators: name: Sardarabadi, A. Mouri
name: Koopmans, L. V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen - emitted during the Epoch of Reionization - promises to be an important source of information for the study of the infant universe. However, its detection is impossible without sufficient mitigation of other strong signals in the data, which requires an accurate knowledge of the instrument. Using the result of instrument calibration, a large part of the contaminating signals are removed and the resulting residual data is further analyzed in order to detect the 21-cm signal. Direction dependent calibration (DDC) can strongly affect the 21-cm signal, however, its effect has not been precisely quantified. In the analysis presented here we show how to exactly calculate what part of the 21-cm signal is removed as a result of the DDC. We also show how a-priori information about the frequency behavior of the instrument can be used to reduce signal suppression. The theoretical results are tested using a realistic simulation based on the LOFAR setup. Our results show that low-order smooth gain functions (e.g. polynomials) over a bandwidth of ~10\,MHz - over which the signal is expected to be stationary - is sufficient to allow for calibration with limited, quantifiable, signal suppression in its power spectrum. We also show mathematically and in simulations that more incomplete sky models lead to larger 21-cm signal suppression, even if the gain models are enforced to be fully smooth. This result has immediate consequences for current and future radio telescopes with non-identical station beams, where DDC might be necessary (e.g. SKA-low).
description: Submitted to MNRAS on 10-Aug-2018
Spin alignment of $K^*(892)^\pm$ mesons produced in neutron-carbon interactions
Creators: name: EXCHARM Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new precise measurements of spin density matrix element $ρ_{00}$ of $K^*(892)^{\pm}$ mesons produced inclusively in neutron-carbon interactions at \~60 GeV have been carried out in the EXCHARM experiment at the Serpukhov accelerator. The values of $ρ_{00}$ obtained in the transversity frame are $0.424\pm0.011(stat)\pm0.018(sys)$ for $K^*(892)^+$ and $0.393\pm0.025(stat)\pm0.018(sys)$ for $K^*(892)^-$. Significant $P_T$ dependence of $ρ_{00}$ has been observed in $K^*(892)^+$ production.
description: 8 pages, LaTeX, 3 eps figures
Cladonia mitis Sandst
Creators: name: Galanty, Agnieszka
name: Węgrzyn, Michał
name: Wietrzyk-Pełka, Paulina
name: Fołta, Maria
name: Kro, Mirosław
name: sniak
name: Podolak, Irma
name: Zagrodzki, Paweł
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanorales
Cladoniaceae
Cladonia
Cladonia mitis

description: 4.2. Lichen material. Fragments of Cladonia mitis Sandst
 (Cladoniaceae) thalli were collected in July 2017 (Scandinavian samples) and April 2018 (Polish samples), along a North-Central Europe transect, from Norway to Poland, and properly identified by one of the authors (MW). The samples were collected every 100 km, except for the last two samples, as no natural habitats of C. mitis were found in Central Poland. The transect represented areas that obviously differed in their latitude, but also in altitude and sunlight exposure (open or forest areas). GPS data on latitude and altitude were complemented with data from WorldClim model (Fick and Hijmans, 2017), including temperature and precipitation (averaged for the month of sample collection). The details of the exact samples collection sites are presented in Table 4 and Fig. 5. Voucher specimens are deposited in the herbarium of the Department of Pharmacognosy JU MC (for reference number see Table 1).
description: Published as part of Galanty, Agnieszka, Węgrzyn, Michał, Wietrzyk-Pełka, Paulina, Fołta, Maria, Kro, Mirosław, sniak, Podolak, Irma & Zagrodzki, Paweł, 2021, Quantitative variations of usnic acid and selected elements in terricolous lichen Cladonia mitis Sandst., with respect to different environmental factors - A chemometric approach, pp. 1-8 in Phytochemistry (112948) (112948) 192 on page 5, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112948, http://zenodo.org/record/8257434
An efficient semi-implicit method for three-dimensional non-hydrostatic flows in compliant arterial vessels
Creators: name: Fambri, Francesco
name: Dumbser, Michael
name: Casulli, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Blood flow in arterial systems can be described by the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations within a time-dependent spatial domain that accounts for the elasticity of the arterial walls. In this article blood is treated as an incompressible Newtonian fluid that flows through compliant vessels of general cross section. A three-dimensional semi-implicit finite difference and finite volume model is derived so that numerical stability is obtained at a low computational cost on a staggered grid. The key idea of the method consists in a splitting of the pressure into a hydrostatic and a non-hydrostatic part, where first a small quasi-one-dimensional nonlinear system is solved for the hydrostatic pressure and only in a second step the fully three-dimensional non-hydrostatic pressure is computed from a three-dimensional nonlinear system as a correction to the hydrostatic one. The resulting algorithm is robust, efficient, locally and globally mass conservative and applies to hydrostatic and non hydrostatic flows in one, two and three space dimensions. These features are illustrated on nontrivial test cases for flows in tubes with circular or elliptical cross section where the exact analytical solution is known. Test cases of steady and pulsatile flows in uniformly curved rigid and elastic tubes are presented. Wherever possible, axial velocity development and secondary flows are shown and compared with previously published results.
description: 30 pages, 15 figures, 5 tables
title: Creating a Blog from Scratch, Part 3: The Double Life of Blogs
Creators: name: Cohen, Dan
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Blogs
subject: Programming
subject: Software
subject: RSS

description: Originally published by Dan Cohen on Dan Cohen's Digital Humanities Blog (www.dancohen.org). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/).
Fermi liquids and non--Fermi liquids
Creators: name: Schulz, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Contents I. Introduction II. Fermi Liquids III. Renormalization group for interacting fermions IV. Luttinger liquids V. Transport in a Luttinger liquid VI. The Bethe ansatz: a pedestrian introduction VII. Conclusion and outlook
description: 1994 Les Houches lecture notes, 59 pages, RexTeX 3.0, uuencoded, together with postscript figures, needs epsf, you want to compile houches_send.tex (small corrections to original submission)
Line identification and photometric history of the hot post-AGB star Hen 3-1013 (IRAS 14331-6435)
Creators: name: Arkhipova, V. P.
name: Parthasarathy, M.
name: Ikonnikova, N. P.
name: Ishigaki, M.
name: Hubrig, S.
name: Sarkar, G.
name: Kniazev, A. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the high-resolution optical spectrum for the hot post-asymptotic giant branch (post-AGB) star, Hen 3-1013, identified as the optical counterpart of the infrared sourceIRAS 14331-6435. For the first time the detailed identifications of the observed absorption and emission features in the wavelength range 3700-9000 Å is carried out. Absorption lines of HI, HeI, CI, NI, OI, NeI, CII, NII, OII, SiII, SII, ArII, FeII, MnII, CrII, TiII, CoII, NiII, SIII, FeIII and SIV were detected. From the absorption lines, we derived heliocentric radial velocities of $V_r=-29.6\pm0.4$ km/s. We have identified emission permitted lines of OI, NI, FeII, MgII, SiII and AlII. The forbidden lines of [NI], [FeII], [CrII] and [NiII] have been identified also. Analysis of [NiII] lines in the gaseous shell gives an estimate for the electron density $N_e\sim10^7$ cm$^{-3}$ and the expansion velocity of the nebula $V_{exp}=12$ km/s. The mean radial velocity as measured from emission features of the envelope is $V_r=-36.0\pm0.4$ km/s. The Balmer lines H$α$, H$β$ and H$γ$ show P Cyg behaviour which indicate ongoing post-AGB mass-loss. Based on ASAS and ASAS-SN data, we have detected rapid photometric variability in Hen 3-1013 with an amplitude up to 0.2 mag in the V band. The star's low-resolution spectrum underwent no significant changes from 1994 to 2012. Based on archival data, we have traced the photometric history of the star over more than 100 years. No significant changes in the star brightness have been found.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1: of New molecular tools for meningitis diagnostics in Ethiopia – a necessary step towards improving antimicrobial prescription
Creators: name: Bårnes, Guro
name: Esayas Gudina
name: Melkamu Berhane
name: Alemseged Abdissa
name: Getnet Tesfaw
name: Gemeda Abebe
name: Feruglio, Siri
name: Caugant, Dominique
name: Jørgensen, Hannah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Flow chart of cerebrospinal fluid (CRF) sample analysis using the FilmArray system. Description of work flow for sample analysis. (DOCX 29 kb)
Embedded Topological Defects in Electroweak Theory: From Percolating Networks to Sphalerons
Creators: name: Chernodub, M. N.
name: Gubarev, F. V.
name: Ilgenfritz, E. -M.
name: Schiller, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New defects (Z-vortices and Nambu monopoles) are found to become thermodynamically relevant for the broken phase near to the (weakly first order) electroweak phase transition, and below the crossover for higher Higgs mass. The symmetric phase is characterized by vortex condensation (percolation). The percolation transition persists in the crossover region. The quasiclassical nature of the vortices is supported by correlations with Higgs field and gauge field energy. Sphalerons are shown to be related to monopolium bound states.
description: LATTICE98(electroweak), 6 pages, 14 figures, uses espcrc2.sty,epsfig.sty
Anyonic Interpretation of Virasoro Characters and the Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz
Creators: name: Bytsko, A. G.
name: Fring, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing factorized versions of characters as products of quantum dilogarithms corresponding to irreducible representations of the Virasoro algebra, we obtain character formulae which admit an anyonic quasi-particle interpretation in the context of minimal models in conformal field theories. We propose anyonic thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations, together with their corresponding equation for the Virasoro central charge, on the base of an analysis of the classical limit for the characters and the requirement that the scattering matrices are asymptotically phaseless.
description: 20 pages (Latex), minor typos corrections and three references added
A note on the behaviour of the Tate conjecture under finitely generated field extensions
Creators: name: Ambrosi, Emiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the $\ell$-adic Tate conjecture for divisors on smooth proper varieties over finitely generated fields of positive characteristic follows from the $\ell$-adic Tate conjecture for divisors on smooth projective surfaces over finite fields. Similar results for cycles of higher co-dimension are given.
description: v1:6 pages. Comments are welcome. v2: Corrected a gap in the proof of Theorem 1.1.2. Changed Proposition 3.1.2 accordingly. v3: final version
title: SCAFFOLDING STUDENTS’ PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS IN A COMPUTER- BASED ADAPTIVE LEARNING PROGRAM: AN ANALYSIS OF SCAFFOLDING TYPES AND STRATEGIES
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2019

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among situational soft and hard scaffolds on students’ achievement scores as measured by an end-of-year (EOY) benchmark assessment in a mathematical computer-based adaptive learning program. This study also examined the types of soft scaffold strategies that instructors used to support students’ problem-solving tasks during help-seeking sessions within the computer-based adaptive learning program. A multimethod research design that integrated quantitative and qualitative analysis was used for this study. The analysis involved data gathered from middle school students in a public charter school district that implemented the computer-based adaptive learning program in a blended learning environment. The first research question investigated the impact of situational soft scaffolds on students’ achievement scores, while controlling for frequency of soft scaffolds, frequency 12 of hard scaffolds, and beginning-of-year (BOY) benchmark. The findings suggested that soft scaffolds, followed by frequency of hard scaffolds, were the most significant predictors of students’ achievement scores. However, soft scaffolds alone were not found to be a significant predictor of students’ achievement scores. The second research question focused on identifying the types of soft scaffold strategies instructors used to support students’ problem-solving tasks. First, the qualitative analysis revealed that instructors employed ten soft scaffold strategies. The most frequently observed strategy was probing and diagnosing. Second, the qualitative analysis revealed that students’ performance levels impacted the frequency of soft scaffold strategies. Specifically, students in the below basic, and far below basic, groups may not have the adequate skills to interact meaningfully with online instructors. This study informs educators of effective soft scaffold strategies and designers of recommendations regarding the design and implementation of scaffolding to support learners’ problem-solving skills in computer- based adaptive learnings in K-12 settings.
What's new with the electroweak phase transition?
Creators: name: Laine, M.
name: Rummukainen, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the status of non-perturbative lattice studies of the electroweak phase transition. In the Standard Model, the complete phase diagram has been reliably determined, and the conclusion is that there is no phase transition at all for the experimentally allowed Higgs masses. In the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), in contrast, there can be a strong first order transition allowing for baryogenesis. Finally, we point out possibilities for future simulations, such as the problem of CP-violation at the MSSM electroweak phase boundary.
description: LATTICE98(electroweak), 6 pages. List of references updated
Additional file 4: of Participation in a single-blinded pediatric therapeutic strategy study for juvenile idiopathic arthritis: are parents and patient-participants in equipoise?
Creators: name: Muller, Petra Hissink
name: Yildiz, Bahar
name: Allaart, Cornelia
name: Brinkman, Danielle
name: Rossum, Marion
name: Suijlekom-Smit, Lisette
name: J. Berg
name: Cate, Rebecca
name: Vries, Martine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Questionnaire Informed Consent Evaluation BeSt for Kids (Phase 2). This questionnaire was used during the interview study (phase 2). (DOC 33 kb)
Partition Functions, Duality, and the Tube Metric
Creators: name: Dolan, L.
name: Langham, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The partition function of type IIA and B strings on R^6xK3, in the T^4/Z_2 orbifold limit, is explicitly computed as a modular invariant sum over spin strutures required by perturbative unitarity in order to extend the analysis to include type II strings on R^6 x W4, where W4 is associated with the tube metric conformal field theory, given by the degrees of freedom transverse to the Neveu-Schwarz fivebrane solution. This generates partition functions and perturbative spectra of string theories in six space-time dimensions, associated with the modular invariants of the level k affine SU(2) Kac-Moody algebra. These theories provide a conformal field theory (i.e. perturbative) probe of non-perturbative (fivebrane) vacua. We contrast them with theories whose N=(4,4) sigma-model action contains n_H=k+2 hypermultiplets as well as vector supermultiplets, and where k is the level just mentioned. In Appendix B we also give a D=6, N=(1,1) `free fermion' string model which has a different moduli space of vacua from the 81 parameter space relevant to the above examples.
description: 24 pages, TEX
Exact numerical diagonalization of one-dimensional interacting electrons nonadiabatically coupled to phonons
Creators: name: Borghi, G. P.
name: Girlando, A.
name: Painelli, A.
name: Voit, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the role of non-adiabatic Holstein electron-phonon coupling on the neutral-ionic phase transition of charge transfer crystals which can be tuned from continuous to discontinuous, using exact numerical diagonalization. The variation of electronic properties through the transition is smoothed by nonadiabaticity. Lattice properties are strongly affected, and we observe both squeezing and antisqueezing, depending on details of the adiabatic potentials, and identify the quantum uncertainty of the phonons as the most sensitive measure of nonadiabaticity. The adiabatic limit is regular for a continuous transition but turns out completely inadequate near a discontinuous transition. The relevance of coherent state approaches is assessed critically.
description: latex manuscript (7 pages), 3 eps figures; revised version, better discussion, one figure replaced; to be published in Europhys. Lett
Weakly-Convex Concave Min-Max Optimization: Provable Algorithms and Applications in Machine Learning
Creators: name: Rafique, Hassan
name: Liu, Mingrui
name: Lin, Qihang
name: Yang, Tianbao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Min-max problems have broad applications in machine learning, including learning with non-decomposable loss and learning with robustness to data distribution. Convex-concave min-max problem is an active topic of research with efficient algorithms and sound theoretical foundations developed. However, it remains a challenge to design provably efficient algorithms for non-convex min-max problems with or without smoothness. In this paper, we study a family of non-convex min-max problems, whose objective function is weakly convex in the variables of minimization and is concave in the variables of maximization. We propose a proximally guided stochastic subgradient method and a proximally guided stochastic variance-reduced method for the non-smooth and smooth instances, respectively, in this family of problems. We analyze the time complexities of the proposed methods for finding a nearly stationary point of the outer minimization problem corresponding to the min-max problem.
description: Published in Optimization Methods and Software: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10556788.2021.1895152
The Parton-Hadron Phase Transition in Central Nuclear Collisions at the CERN SPS
Creators: name: Stock, Reinhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A selection of recent data referring to Pb+Pb collisions at the SPS CERN energy of 158 GeV per nucleon is presented which might describe the state of highly excited strongly interacting matter both above and below the deconfinement to hadronization (phase) transition predicted by lattice QCD. A tentative picture emerges in which a partonic state is indeed formed in central Pb+Pb collisions which hadronizes at about T = 185 MeV, and expands its volume more than tenfold, cooling to about 120 MeV before hadronic collisions cease. We suggest further that all SPS collisions, from central S+S onward, reach that partonic phase, the maximum energy density increasing with more massive collision systems.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures
Multiple Killing Horizons and Near Horizon Geometries
Creators: name: Mars, Marc
name: Paetz, Tim-Torben
name: Senovilla, José M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Near Horizon Geometries with multiply degenerate Killing horizons $\mathcal{H}$ are considered, and their degenerate Killing vector fields identified. We prove that they all arise from hypersurface-orthogonal Killing vectors of any cut of $\mathcal{H}$ with the inherited metric -- cuts are spacelike co-dimension two submanifolds contained in $\mathcal{H}$. For each of these Killing vectors on a given cut, there are three different possibilities for the Near Horizon metric which are presented explicitly. The structure of the metric for Near Horizon Geometries with multiple Killing horizons of order $m\geq 3$ is thereby completely determined, and in particular we prove that the cuts on $\mathcal{H}$ must be warped products with maximally symmetric fibers (ergo of constant curvature). The question whether multiple degenerate Killing horizons may lead to inequivalent Near Horizon Geometries by using different degenerate Killings is addressed, and answered on the negative: all Near Horizon geometries built from a given multiple degenerate Killing horizon (using different degenerate Killings) are isometric.
description: 29 pages
Central Extensions of Supersymmetry in Four and Three Dimensions
Creators: name: Ferrara, S.
name: Porrati, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the maximal central extension of the supertranslation algebra in d=4 and 3, which includes tensor central charges associated to topological defects such as domain walls (membranes) and strings. We show that for all N-extended superalgebras these charges are related to nontrivial configurations on the scalar moduli space. For N=2 theories obtained from compactification on Calabi-Yau threefolds, we give an explicit realization of the moduli-dependent charges in terms of wrapped branes.
description: 11 pages. Sections 2 and 4 expanded, misprints corrected, references added
Additional file 2: of Participation in a single-blinded pediatric therapeutic strategy study for juvenile idiopathic arthritis: are parents and patient-participants in equipoise?
Creators: name: Muller, Petra Hissink
name: Yildiz, Bahar
name: Allaart, Cornelia
name: Brinkman, Danielle
name: Rossum, Marion
name: Suijlekom-Smit, Lisette
name: J. Berg
name: Cate, Rebecca
name: Vries, Martine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Information from Parental Informed consent File. This file contains information from the Parental Informed consent File (translated from Dutch). (DOCX 15 kb)
Geometry and Conservation Laws for a Class of Second-Order Parabolic Equations II: Conservation Laws
Creators: name: McMillan, Benjamin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L65, 58A15, 35K10, 35K55, 35K96

description: I consider the existence and structure of conservation laws for the general class of evolutionary scalar second-order differential equations with parabolic symbol. First I calculate the linearized characteristic cohomology for such equations. This provides an auxiliary differential equation satisfied by the conservation laws of a given parabolic equation. This is used to show that conservation laws for any evolutionary parabolic equation depend on at most second derivatives of solutions. As a corollary, it is shown that the only evolutionary parabolic equations with at least one non-trivial conservation law are of Monge-Ampère type.
title: An Evaluation of an Environmental Education Experience For All 6th Graders in Prince William County Public Schools, Virginia
Creators: name: Johnson, Robert
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Watershed
subject: Outdoor Environmental Education
subject: Evaluation
subject: Virginia
subject: Sixth (6th) grade

description: Appreciation of the natural environment is a vital step on the way to environmental sustainability. Environmental education in K-12 education plays an important role in developing ecologically literate and environmentally responsible citizens. Outdoor environmental education experiences in primary and secondary education (grades K-12) provide opportunities to generate this appreciation during the early stages of knowledge development (Sobel, 2004 and 2008). Today, many school systems struggle to achieve federal and state-mandated education goals while, by and large, US education efforts are diverging from an “ecologically literate and culturally critical citizenry” (Gruenewald and Manteaw, 2007). As the global population continues to increase, it is important for people to understand the impact of their choices on the environment. Integrating environmental education and sustainability principles into the curricula of grades K-12 can help to foster understanding and consideration of human environmental impact throughout students’ lifetimes (Kozicki, 2010b). Incorporating outdoor environmental education experiences improves students’ knowledge and sows the seeds for environmental sustainability. Sixth grade students participating in a meaningful watershed educational experience (MWEE) (CBP, 2010) with an outdoor education component increase their watershed knowledge. This would indicate that student learning would benefit by including an outdoor education component (Hungerford and Volk, 1990; Sebba, 1991; Yerkes and Haras, 1997; Dillon, Rickinson, Teamey, Morris, Choi, Sanders, and Benefield, 2006; UNESCO, 2008). This thesis examined the literature surrounding K-12 environmental education; indicated barriers to implementing outdoor activities in existing curricula; and showed the impact of incorporating outdoor education experiences into a 6th grade watershed curriculum. A recently implemented watershed education program in Prince William County, Virginia, provided context to examine a collaborative development process and describe and test a methodology to determine teacher and student improvement in watershed knowledge. By analyzing teacher workshop questionnaires and pre- and postexperience student surveys, this thesis evaluated the first year of a recently implemented 6th grade watershed education program in Prince William County, Virginia, to determine students’ watershed knowledge. This evaluation indicates that a teacher workshop improves teachers’ confidence and intentions in teaching about watersheds and the OEE improves students’ knowledge of watersheds, familiarity with watershed issues, and ability to accurately assess the health of the Chesapeake Bay.
Arabidopsis
Creators: name: Abramov, Aleksej
name: Hoffmann, Thomas
name: Stark, Timo D.
name: Zheng, Linlin
name: Lenk, Stefan
name: Hammerl, Richard
name: Lanzl, Tobias
name: Dawid, Corinna
name: Schon, Chris-Carolin
name: Schwab, Wilfried
name: Gierl, Alfons
name: Frey, Monika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Arabidopsis

description: 5.9. Isolation of Arabidopsis microsomes and P450 assay
 15 g of rosette leaves of 28 dag Arabidopsis plants were ground in 200 mL extraction buffer (100 mM ascorbic acid, 1 mM EDTA, 100 mM Tris, 20% v/v glycerol, 20% w/v Sucrose, 5 mM Dithiothreitol) with 4.5 g Polyklar AT (Merck) and sea sand. The raw extract was filtered through cloth and centrifuged twice at 15 000 g for 10 min. Microsomes were isolated from the supernatant by centrifugation at 120 000 g for 40 min and resuspended in 1 mL suspension buffer (50 mM potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.5, 20% v/v Glycerol, 1 mM Dithiothreitol). The integrity of the microsomes was tested by measuring the cytochrome C reductase activity as described by Urban et al. (1990).
 The in vitro activity of the BX P450 enzymes was tested by incubation of 1 mg total microsomal protein with the respective substrate (2 mM Indole, 1 mM ION, 250 μM HION, 200 μM HBOA) in 100 mM potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.5 and 1 mM NADPH at room temperature. The reaction was stopped after 30 min by addition of 1 vol methanol and precipitated protein was pelleted by centrifugation. 2.5 vol of 100 mM acetic acid were added to the supernatant and the products were extracted three times with 2 vol of ethyl acetate. The solvent was evaporated in a vacuum centrifuge, the remaining products were resolved in methanol and analysed by HPLC.
description: Published as part of Abramov, Aleksej, Hoffmann, Thomas, Stark, Timo D., Zheng, Linlin, Lenk, Stefan, Hammerl, Richard, Lanzl, Tobias, Dawid, Corinna, Schon, Chris-Carolin, Schwab, Wilfried, Gierl, Alfons & Frey, Monika, 2021, Engineering of benzoxazinoid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana: Metabolic and physiological challenges, pp. 1-15 in Phytochemistry (112947) (112947) 192 on page 11, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112947, http://zenodo.org/record/10126052
title: U.S. Environmental Security: Understanding And Enabling It To Matter
Creators: name: Alcorn, Jeremey M.
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental security
subject: National Security
subject: Natural resources
subject: Human Security
subject: Sustainability
subject: Environmental Shock

description: This research project develops new knowledge of how U.S. national security and homeland security practitioners and policymakers understand, define, and could yield value from the concept of environmental security to meet their mission, policy, and operational challenges. The project does so by achieving three primary objectives. First, it captures U.S. national security and homeland security practitioners' and policymakers' understandings and definitions of environmental security. Second, based upon those understandings and definitions, it identifies common attributes that conceptually bridge, operationalize, and could add value to these groups' existing mission, policy, and operational responsibilities. Finally, based upon these analyses, it develops a better understanding of current functional capability needs and resources within U.S. national security and homeland security communities of practice.
Effect of superconducting correlation on the localization of quasiparticles in low dimensions
Creators: name: Xiang, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Localization lengths of superconducting quasiparticles $λ_s$ are evaluated and compared with the corresponding normal state values $λ_n$ in one and two dimensional lattices. The effect of superconducting correlation on the localization of quasiparticles is generally stronger in an off-site pairing state than in an on-site pairing state. The modification of superconducting correlation to $λ$ is strongly correlated with the density of states (DOS) of superconducting quasiparticles. $λ_s$ drops within the energy gap but is largely enhanced around energies where DOS peaks appear. For a gapless pairing state in 1D or a d-wave pairing state in 2D, $λ_s/ λ_n$ at the Fermi energy $E_F$ is of order 1 and determined purely by the value of gap parameter not by the random potential. For the d-wave pairing state, the localization effect is largely weakened compared with the corresponding normal state and quasiparticles with energies close to $E_F$ are more strongly localized than other low energy quasiparticles.
description: 4 pages, tar-compressed uuencoded postscript file
Light quark masses using domain wall fermions
Creators: name: Blum, Tom
name: Soni, Amarjit
name: Wingate, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the one-loop self-energy correction to the massive domain wall quark propagator. Combining this calculation with simulations at several gauge couplings, we estimate the strange quark mass in the continuum limit. The perturbative one-loop mass renormalization is comparable to that for Wilson quarks and considerably smaller than that for Kogut-Susskind quarks. Also, scaling violations appear mild in comparison to other errors at present. Given their good chiral behavior and these features, domain wall quarks are attractive for evaluating the light quark masses. Our preliminary quenched result is m_s(2 GeV) = 82(15) MeV in the ${\bar{MS}}$ scheme.
description: LATTICE98(spectrum) 3 pages, 3 figures
LiveCellSegmentationBoundaryModel
Creators: name: Pape, Constantin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: bioimage.io
bioimage.io:model
2d
transmission-light-microscopy
label-free
cells
instance-segmentation
unet

description: Download RDF Package

description: Cell segmentation for phase-contrast microscopy. (Uploaded via https://bioimage.io)
A Proof of Brane Creation via M theory
Creators: name: Nakatsu, Toshio
name: Ohta, Kazutoshi
name: Yokono, Takashi
name: Yoshida, Yuhsuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study configurations of a single $M$ fivebrane in the geometry ${\bf R}^7 \times Q$ where $Q$ is the Taub-NUT space. Taking the IIA limit at each value of their modulus, two possibilities of the IIA configuration are revealed. One consists of a NS fivebrane and a D sixbrane while the other consists of a NS fivebrane, a D sixbrane and a D fourbrane. In the latter case the fourbrane is shown to be suspended by the fivebrane and the sixbrane. This appearance of fourbrane can be interpreted in Type IIA picture as the result of the crossing of the fivebrane and the sixbrane
description: LaTeX, 11 pages, 2 figures. Some references are added. Typo errors are corrected
A Supervised Geometry-Aware Mapping Approach for Classification of Hyperspectral Images
Creators: name: Mohanty, Ramanarayan
name: Happy, S L
name: Routray, Aurobinda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The lack of proper class discrimination among the Hyperspectral (HS) data points poses a potential challenge in HS classification. To address this issue, this paper proposes an optimal geometry-aware transformation for enhancing the classification accuracy. The underlying idea of this method is to obtain a linear projection matrix by solving a nonlinear objective function based on the intrinsic geometrical structure of the data. The objective function is constructed to quantify the discrimination between the points from dissimilar classes on the projected data space. Then the obtained projection matrix is used to linearly map the data to more discriminative space. The effectiveness of the proposed transformation is illustrated with three benchmark real-world HS data sets. The experiments reveal that the classification and dimensionality reduction methods on the projected discriminative space outperform their counterpart in the original space.