cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Orbital evolution of potentially habitable planets of tidally interacting binary stars
Creators: name: Graham, David E.
name: Fleming, David P.
name: Barnes, Rory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate the coupled stellar and tidal evolution of short-period binary stars (orbital period $P_{orb} \lsim$8 days) to investigate the orbital oscillations, instellation cycles, and orbital stability of circumbinary planets (CBPs). We consider two tidal models and show that both predict an outward-then-inward evolution of the binary's semi-major axis $a_{bin}$ and eccentricity $e_{bin}$. This orbital evolution drives a similar evolution of the minimum CBP semi-major axis for orbital stability. By expanding on previous models to include the evolution of the mass concentration, we show that the maximum in the CBP orbital stability limit tends to occur 100 Myr after the planets form, a factor of 100 longer than previous investigations. This result provides further support for the hypothesis that the early stellar-tidal evolution of binary stars has removed CBPs from short-period binaries. We then apply the models to Kepler-47 b, a CBP orbiting close to its host stars' stability limit, to show that if the binary's initial $e_{bin} \gsim$0.24, the planet would have been orbiting within the instability zone in the past and probably wouldn't have survived. For stable, hypothetical cases in which the stability limit does not reach a planet's orbit, we find that the amplitudes of $a_{bin}$ and $e_{bin}$ oscillations can damp by up to 10\% and 50\%, respectively. Finally, we consider equal-mass stars with $P_{orb} =$ 7.5 days and compare the HZ to the stability limit. We find that for stellar masses $\lsim0.12M_{\odot}$, the HZ is completely unstable, even if the binary orbit is circular. For $e_{bin} \lsim$0.5, that limit increases to $0.17M_{\odot}$, and the HZ is partially destabilized for stellar masses up to $0.45M_{\odot}$. These results may help guide searches for potentially habitable CBPs, as well as characterize their evolution and likelihood to support life after they are found.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Transcription of "Why Centipede is Bald"
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-151011-04: Transcription of the story about why Centipede is bald (audio extracted from video file VP-051210-05), from the beginning of the story to 1:25.
A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study on Rubrene-cobalt Nano-composites
Creators: name: Shiraishi, Masashi
name: Kusai, Haruka
name: Nouchi, Ryo
name: Nozaki, Takayuki
name: Shinjo, Teruya
name: Suzuki, Yoshishige
name: Yoshida, Makoto
name: Takigawa, Masashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We implemented a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study on rubrene(C42H28)-Co nano-composites that exhibit an enhanced magnetoresistance (MR) ratio of 80%. The 59Co NMR spin echo experiment enabled clarification of the hyperfine field of Co at the interface between the ferromagnet and the molecules, which has not been investigated for molecular spintronics. An enhanced hyperfine field of the Co was observed in the rubrene-Co nano-composites, which may be related to the enhancement of the MR ratio. This study demonstrates the importance of microscopic investigation of the interface between molecules and ferromagnets that governs spin-dependent transport in molecular spin devices.
description: 12pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Colpoda henneguyi Fabre-Domergue 1889
Creators: name: Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto
name: Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso
name: Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ciliophora
Oligohymenophorea
Hymenostomatida
Tetrahymenidae
Colpoda
Colpoda henneguyi

description: Colpoda henneguyi Fabré-Domergue, 1889
Distribution. MEXICO: Coffee plantation La Onza, near Coatepec (Durán-Ramírez et al. 2015), (Th); Coffee plantation Virginia Armand, near Coatepec (Durán-Ramírez et al. 2015), (Th); Ixtlán de Juárez (Durán-Ramírez et al. 2015), (To); Santuario del Bosque de Niebla, near Xalapa (Durán-Ramírez et al. 2015), (Th). VENEZUELA: South margin of the Henri Pittier National Park, Biological Station Rancho Grande (Foissner 2016).
description: Published as part of Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto, Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso & Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-, 2020, Checklist of ciliates (Alveolata: Ciliophora) that inhabit in bromeliads from the Neotropical Region, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 4895 (1) on page 22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4895.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4321437
From nuclear physics to applications: detectors for beam handling, medical diagnostics and radioactive waste monitoring
Creators: name: Finocchiaro, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear physics experiments are always in need of more and more advanced detection systems. During the last years relevant technological developments have come out with many improvements in terms of performance and compactness of detector materials, transducers, electronics, computing and data transmission. In light of these achievements some applications previously prohibitive, mainly because of size and cost, have become feasible. A few applications of nuclear detection techniques are discussed, starting from the neighboring field of particle beam diagnostics, moving to the medical diagnostics and ending up into the radioactive waste handling. New radiation sensors are shown and explained, as exploited in the DMNR project for the radioactive waste online monitoring which merged into the MICADO Euratom project.
description: 27 pages, 33 figures
Problems in the theory of thermal Casimir force between dielectrics and semiconductors
Creators: name: Klimchitskaya, G. L.
name: Geyer, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The application of the Lifshitz theory to describe the thermal Casimir force between dielectrics and semiconductors is considered. It is shown that for all true dielectrics (i.e., for all materials having zero conductivity at zero temperature) the inclusion of a nonzero conductivity arising at nonzero temperature into the model of dielectric response leads to the violation of the Nernst heat theorem. This result refers equally to simple insulators, intrinsic semiconductors, Mott-Hubbard dielectrics and doped semiconductors with doping concentration below a critical value. We demonstrate that in the insulator-metal transition the Casimir free energy changes abruptly irrespective of whether the conductivity changes continuously or discontinuously. The application of the Lifshitz formula to polar dielectrics results in large thermal correction that is linear in temperature. A rule is formulated on how to apply the Lifshitz theory to real materials in agreement with thermodynamics and experiment.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures. Proceedings of QFEXT07, to appear in J. Phys. A
Transport fluctuation relations in interacting quantum pumps
Creators: name: Riwar, Roman-Pascal
name: Splettstoesser, Janine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The understanding of out-of-equilibrium fluctuation relations in small open quantum systems has been a focal point of research in recent years. In particular, for systems with adiabatic time-dependent driving, it was shown that the fluctuation relations known from stationary systems do no longer apply due the geometric nature of the pumping current response. However, the precise physical interpretation of the corrected pumping fluctuation relations as well as the role of many-body interactions remained unexplored. Here, we study quantum systems with many-body interactions subject to slow time-dependent driving, and show that fluctuation relations of the charge current can in general not be formulated without taking into account the total energy current put into the system through the pumping process. Moreover, we show that this correction due to the input energy is nonzero only when Coulomb-interactions are present. Thus, fluctuation response relations offer an until now unrevealed opportunity to probe many-body correlations in quantum systems. We demonstrate our general findings at the concrete example of a single-level quantum dot model, and propose a scheme to measure the interaction-induced discrepancies from the stationary case.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
The shear viscosity of gauge theory plasma with chemical potentials
Creators: name: Benincasa, Paolo
name: Buchel, Alex
name: Naryshkin, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider strongly coupled gauge theory plasma with conserved global charges that allow for a dual gravitational description. We study the shear viscosity of the gauge theory plasma in the presence of chemical potentials for these charges. Using gauge theory/string theory correspondence we prove that at large 't Hooft coupling the ratio of the shear viscosity to the entropy density is universal.
description: 13 pages, no figures
Supplementary_FINAL.docx from Systematic variation in food web body-size structure linked to external subsidies
Creators: name: Perkins, Daniel M.
name: Durance, Isabelle
name: Jackson, Michelle
name: J. Iwan Jones
name: Lauridsen, Rasmus B.
name: Layer-Dobra, Katrin
name: Reiss, Julia
name: Thompson, Murray S. A.
name: Woodward, Guy
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The relationship between body mass (M) and size class abundance (N) depicts patterns of community structure and energy flow through food webs. While the general assumption is that M and N scale linearly (on log–log scales), nonlinearity is regularly observed in natural systems, and is theorized to be driven by nonlinear scaling of trophic level (TL) with M resulting in the rapid transfer of energy to consumers in certain size classes. We tested this hypothesis with data from 31 stream food webs. We predicted that allochthonous subsidies higher in the web results in nonlinear M–TL relationships and systematic abundance peaks in macroinvertebrate and fish size classes (latter containing salmonids), that exploit terrestrial plant material and terrestrial invertebrates, respectively. Indeed, both M–N and M–TL significantly deviated from linear relationships and the observed curvature in M–TL scaling was inversely related to that observed in M–N relationships. Systemic peaks in M–N, and troughs in M–TL occurred in size classes dominated by generalist invertebrates, and brown trout. Our study reveals how allochthonous resources entering high in the web systematically shape community size structure and demonstrates the relevance of a generalized metabolic scaling model for understanding patterns of energy transfer in energetically ‘open’ food webs.
State Estimation of Power Flows for Smart Grids via Belief Propagation
Creators: name: Ritmeester, Tim
name: Meyer-Ortmanns, Hildegard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Belief propagation is an algorithm that is known from statistical physics and computer science. It provides an efficient way of calculating marginals that involve large sums of products which are efficiently rearranged into nested products of sums to approximate the marginals. It allows a reliable estimation of the state and its variance of power grids that is needed for the control and forecast of power grid management. At prototypical examples of IEEE-grids we show that belief propagation not only scales linearly with the grid size for the state estimation itself, but also facilitates and accelerates the retrieval of missing data and allows an optimized positioning of measurement units. Based on belief propagation, we give a criterion for how to assess whether other algorithms, using only local information, are adequate for state estimation for a given grid. We also demonstrate how belief propagation can be utilized for coarse-graining power grids towards representations that reduce the computational effort when the coarse-grained version is integrated into a larger grid. It provides a criterion for partitioning power grids into areas in order to minimize the error of flow estimates between different areas.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures
Supplemental Material from M6A methylation potentiates cytosolic dsDNA recognition in a sequence-specific manner
Creators: name: Balzarolo, Melania
name: Engels, Sander
name: Jong, Anja J. De
name: Katka Franke
name: Berg, Timo K. Van Den
name: Gulen, Muhammet F.
name: Ablasser, Andrea
name: Janssen, Edith M.
name: Steensel, Bas Van
name: Wolkers, Monika C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Nucleic acid sensing through pattern recognition receptors is critical for immune recognition of microbial infections. Microbial DNA is frequently methylated at the N6 position of adenines (m6A), a modification that is rare in mammalian host DNA. We show here how that m6A methylation of 5′-GATC-3′ motifs augments the immunogenicity of synthetic double-stranded (ds)DNA in murine macrophages and dendritic cells. Transfection with m6A-methylated DNA increased the expression of the activation markers CD69 and CD86, and of Ifnβ, iNos and Cxcl10 mRNA. Similar to unmethylated cytosolic dsDNA, recognition of m6A DNA occurs independently of TLR and RIG-I signalling, but requires the two key mediators of cytosolic DNA sensing, STING and cGAS. Intriguingly, the response to m6A DNA is sequence-specific. m6A is immunostimulatory in some motifs, but immunosuppressive in others, a feature that is conserved between mouse and human macrophages. In conclusion, epigenetic alterations of DNA depend on the context of the sequence and are differentially perceived by innate cells, a feature that could potentially be used for the design of immune-modulating therapeutics.
The Lyman-alpha forest at redshifts 0.1 -- 1.6: good agreement between a large hydrodynamic simulation and HST spectra
Creators: name: Paschos, Pascal
name: Jena, Tridivesh
name: Tytler, David
name: Kirkman, David
name: Norman, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a comprehensive statistical description of the Lyman-alpha absorption from the intergalactic medium in a hydrodynamic simulation at redshifts 0.1-1.6, the range of redshifts covered by HST spectra of QSOs. We use the ENZO code to make a 76 comoving Mpc cube simulation using 75 kpc cells, for a Hubble constant of 71 km/s/Mpc. The best prior work, by \citet{dave99},used an SPH simulation in a 15.6 Mpc box with an effective resolution of 245 kpc and slightly different cosmological parameters. At redshifts z=2 this simulation is different from data. \citet{tytler07b} found that the simulated spectra at z=2 have too little power on large scales, Lyman-alpha lines are too wide, there is a lack high column density lines, and there is a lack of pixels with low flux. Here we present statistics at z<1.6, including the flux distribution, the mean flux, the effective opacity, and the power and correlation of the flux. We also give statistics of the lyman alpha lines including the line width distribution, the column density distribution, the number of lines per unit equivalent width and redshift, and the correlation between the line width and column density. We find that the mean amount of absorption in the simulated spectra changes smoothly with redshift with DA(z)=0.01(1+z)^{2.25}. Both the trend and absolute values are close to measurements of HST spectra by \citet{kirkman07a}. The column density and line width distributions are also close to those measured from HST spectra by \citet{janknecht06a}, except for the mode of the line width distribution which is smaller in the HST spectra. Although some differences that we saw at z=2 are too subtle to be seen in existing HST spectra, overall, the simulation gives an good description of HST spectra at 0.1
Elicitation classifier prefixes
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-151011-03: Elicitation of combinations of the classifier prefixes d-, l-, and ł-. Many of the attempted combinations are in made-up words that Verdena does not accept.
Collective mode description for a clean Fermi gas with repulsion in arbitrary dimensions: interaction of spin excitations and its consequences
Creators: name: Efetov, K. B.
name: Aleiner, I. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a recent bosonization method developed to study clean Fermi gases with a repulsion in any dimensions. The method enables one to consider both density and spin excitations. It is demonstrated that due to a non-abelian structure of the effective theory, the spin excitations interact with each other, which leads to new logarithmic in temperature corrections to physical quantities. Using a renormalization group scheme constructed for the effective low energy field theory these logarithms are summed up in all orders. Temperature dependent corrections to the specific heat and spin susceptibility are obtained for all dimensions d=1,2,3.
description: A talk given at the conference "Mott's Physics in Nanowires and Quantum Dots", Cambridge, UK, 2006; corrected typos
Crowdsourcing Airway Annotations in Chest Computed Tomography Images
Creators: name: Cheplygina, Veronika
name: Perez-Rovira, Adria
name: Kuo, Wieying
name: Tiddens, Harm A. W. M.
name: de Bruijne, Marleen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Measuring airways in chest computed tomography (CT) scans is important for characterizing diseases such as cystic fibrosis, yet very time-consuming to perform manually. Machine learning algorithms offer an alternative, but need large sets of annotated scans for good performance. We investigate whether crowdsourcing can be used to gather airway annotations. We generate image slices at known locations of airways in 24 subjects and request the crowd workers to outline the airway lumen and airway wall. After combining multiple crowd workers, we compare the measurements to those made by the experts in the original scans. Similar to our preliminary study, a large portion of the annotations were excluded, possibly due to workers misunderstanding the instructions. After excluding such annotations, moderate to strong correlations with the expert can be observed, although these correlations are slightly lower than inter-expert correlations. Furthermore, the results across subjects in this study are quite variable. Although the crowd has potential in annotating airways, further development is needed for it to be robust enough for gathering annotations in practice. For reproducibility, data and code are available online: \url{http://github.com/adriapr/crowdairway.git}.
Robot Judge: Verurteilt im Namen des Algorithmus?
Creators: name: Oehmer, Franziska
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: AI, KI, Law, algorithmic decision making

description: Kleinere Rechtsstreitigkeiten sollen in Estland von Künstlicher Intelligenz entschieden werden. In den USA fällen Algorithmen bereits Urteile über Strafmaß und Kautionshöhe. Auch hierzulande wird darüber debattiert, ob algorithmenbasierte Entscheidungssysteme, die in diesem Kontext oft als “Roboter” bezeichnet werden, zukünftig Recht sprechen. Franziska Oehmer zeigt, welche Chancen und Herausforderungen damit verbunden sind.
Transcription of a story about Verdena's new kitten
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Newbold, Lindsey
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio files VP-151011-01 and VP-151011-02a/c: Transcription of a story about Verdena's new kitten (file VP-300811-04), from the beginning of the file to 4:00 (VP-151011-01) and from 4:00 to the end of the story (VP-151011-02a/c).
Supplementary material: Short telomeres drive pessimistic judgment bias in zebrafish
Creators: name: F. Espigares
name: D. Abad-Tortosa
name: S.A.M. Varela
name: M.G. Ferreira
name: Oliveira, R.F.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Detailed methods and supplementary results
Non-Spherical Shapes of the Proton: Existence, Measurement and Computation
Creators: name: Miller, Gerald A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the proton wave function can be elucidated by studying the matrix elements of spin-dependent quark density operators SDDs, defined as matrix elements of density operators in proton states of definite spin-polarization. These have an infinite variety of non-spherical shapes. The matrix elements of the SDDs are closely related to specific transverse momentum dependent TMD parton distributions accessible in the angular dependence of certain semi-inclusive processes. New measurements would allow the direct exhibition of the non-spherical nature of the proton. The TMDs can be computed using lattice QCD so that the non-spherical shapes could eventually be measured experimentally and computed using fundamental theory.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, prepared for Nuclear Physics News
Topological theory of resilience and failure spreading in flow networks
Creators: name: Kaiser, Franz
name: Witthaut, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Link failures in supply networks can have catastrophic consequences that can lead to a complete collapse of the network. Strategies to prevent failure spreading are thus heavily sought after. Here, we make use of a spanning tree formulation of link failures in linear flow networks to analyse topological structures that prevent failures spreading. In particular, we exploit a result obtained for resistor networks based on the \textit{Matrix tree theorem} to analyse failure spreading after link failures in power grids. Using a spanning tree formulation of link failures, we analyse three strategies based on the network topology that allow to reduce the impact of single link failures. All our strategies do not reduce the grid's ability to transport flow or do in fact improve it - in contrast to traditional containment strategies based on lowering network connectivity. Our results also explain why certain connectivity features completely suppress any failure spreading as reported in recent publications.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures,
Hollow carbon spheres as an efficient dopant for enhancing critical current density of MgB2 based tapes
Creators: name: Gao, Zhaoshun
name: Ma, Yanwei
name: Zhang, Xianping
name: Wang, Dongliang
name: Wang, Junhong
name: Watanabe, K.
name: Liu, Boyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A significant enhancement of Jc and Hirr in MgB2 tapes has been achieved by the in situ powder-in-tube method utilizing hollow carbon spheres (HCS) as dopants. At 4.2 K, the transport Jc for the 850C sintered samples reached 3.1x10^4, and 1.4x10^4 A/cm^2 at 10 and 12 T, respectively, and were better than those of optimal nano-SiC doped tapes. Furthermore, the Hirr for doped sample was raised up to 16.8 T at 10 K due to the carbon substitution effect. The results demonstrate that HCS is one of the most promising dopants besides nano-carbon and SiC for the enhancement of current capacity for MgB2 in high fields.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Geometrically constrained Skyrmions
Creators: name: Pathak, Swapneel Amit
name: Hertel, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Skyrmions are chiral swirling magnetization structures with nanoscale size. These structures have attracted considerable attention due to their topological stability and promising applicability in nanodevices, since they can be displaced with spin-polarized currents. However, for the comprehensive implementation of skyrmions in devices, it is imperative to also attain control over their geometrical position. Here we show that, through thickness modulations introduced in the host material, it is possible to constrain three-dimensional skyrmions to desired regions. We investigate skyrmion structures in rectangular FeGe platelets with micromagnetic finite element element simulations. First, we establish a phase diagram of the minimum-energy magnetic state as a function of the external magnetic field strength and the film thickness. Using this understanding, we generate preferential sites for skyrmions in the material by introducing dot-like "pockets" of reduced film thickness. We show that these pockets can serve as pinning centers for the skyrmions, thus making it possible to obtain a geometric control of the skyrmion position. This control allows stabilizing skyrmions at positions and in configurations that they would otherwise not attain. Our findings may have implications for technological applications in which skyrmions are used as units of information that are displaced along racetrack-type shift register devices.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
An interpersonal conceptualization and quantification of social support transactions
Creators: name: Trobst, Krista Kornelia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The guiding assumption of the present research was that social support behavior, like all interpersonal transactions, could be characterized as the exchange of love and status between participants in a dyadic interaction. Returning to Cobb's (1976) original definition of social support, and applying an explicit social exchange theory (Foa & Foa, 1974) within the framework of an interpersonal circumplex model, statements were generated that reflected different support styles thought to characterize different allocations of love and status between self and other. In a series of three studies, 1040 undergraduate students were asked to complete a self-report questionnaire indicating their likelihood of performing each support behavior. A circumplex structure was obtained that was both substantively and structurally auspicious, and that provided a taxonomic framework within which 12 extant social support subscales and 15 related personality characteristics were clarified, while also providing information regarding the construct validity of the circumplex framework itself. The Support Actions Scale Circumplex (SAS-C) appears to have the potential for clarifying the relations among existing social support scales and thereby integrating many of the diverse findings within the social support literature as well as for assessing a much broader range of social support behavior than has previously been measured, including both the potentially protective and deleterious effects of interpersonal transactions. Potential applications of this framework to a variety of related areas of research are also discussed.
Non-perturbative scale evolution of four-fermion operators in two-flavour QCD
Creators: name: ALPHA Collaboration
name: Dimopoulos, P.
name: Herdoiza, G.
name: Palombi, F.
name: Pena, C.
name: Sint, S.
name: Vladikas, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply finite-size recursion techniques based on the Schrodinger functional formalism to determine the renormalization group running of four-fermion operators which appear in the Delta S=2 effective weak Hamiltonian of the Standard Model. Our calculations are done using O(a) improved Wilson fermions with N_f=2 dynamical flavours. Preliminary results are presented for the four-fermion operator which determines the B_K parameter in tmQCD.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, talk presented at Lattice2006 (Renormalization)
Twin Null-Point-Associated Major Eruptive Three-Ribbon Flares with Unusual Microwave Spectra
Creators: name: Grechnev, V. V.
name: Meshalkina, N. S.
name: Uralov, A. M.
name: Kochanov, A. A.
name: Lesovoi, S. V.
name: Myshyakov, I. I.
name: Kiselev, V. I.
name: Zhdanov, D. A.
name: Altyntsev, A. T.
name: Globa, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On 23 July 2016 after 05:00\,UTC, the first 48-antenna stage of the Siberian Radioheliograph detected two flares of M7.6 and M5.5 GOES importance that occurred within half an hour in the same active region. Their multi-instrument analysis reveals the following. The microwave spectra were flattened at low frequencies and the spectrum of the stronger burst had a lower turnover frequency. Each flare was eruptive, emitted hard X-rays and gamma-rays exceeding 800\,keV, and had a rare three-ribbon configuration. An extended hard X-ray source associated with a longest middle ribbon was observed in the second flare. The unusual properties of the microwave spectra are accounted for by a distributed multi-loop system in an asymmetric magnetic configuration that our modeling confirms. Microwave images did not to resolve compact configurations in these flares that may also be revealed incompletely in hard X-ray images because of their limited dynamic range. Being apparently simple and compact, non-thermal sources corresponded to the structures observed in the extreme ultraviolet. In the scenario proposed for two successive three-ribbon eruptive flares in a configuration with a coronal-null region, the first eruption causes a flare and facilitates the second eruption that also results in a flare.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, "This is a pre-print of an article which will be published in Solar Physics"
Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Agricultural Systems
Creators: name: Revista Espanola de Documentacion Cientifica
Publisher: name: Revista Espanola de Documentacion Cientifica
Year: 2025

description: Agriculture, a fundamental element of human civilization, is crucial for ensuring food security and economic stability. The sector currently faces significant challenges due to rising global populations, climate change, and dwindling natural resources. To address these issues, sustainable agricultural practices are needed that increase efficiency while reducing environmental impact. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present transformative opportunities to enhance agricultural sustainability. This paper investigates how AI is being integrated into farming to optimize productivity, resource management, and environmental stewardship. The study synthesizes over 300 academic articles, focusing on 180 key publications that detail AI applications in field management, nutrient utilization, water efficiency, and weed control. AI, through machine learning and predictive analytics, enables data-driven decisions that improve crop performance and minimize waste. In field management, AI helps monitor crop health and predict yields; advanced sensors and IoT devices enable precise nutrient application, reducing fertilizer use and environmental damage. For water management, AI optimizes irrigation and detects leaks, ensuring efficient water use. In weed control, AI-based image recognition allows precise identification and treatment, minimizing herbicide use. The integration of AI into agriculture not only boosts economic outcomes but also aligns with sustainability goals. By examining case studies globally, the research demonstrates AI-driven practices' effectiveness in enhancing resource efficiency and sustainability. The findings highlight the necessity for continued AI investment and stakeholder collaboration to overcome implementation barriers like cost and technical expertise. Ultimately, the study advocates for a strategic approach to leveraging AI to build resilient and sustainable agricultural systems capable of nourishing future generations.
Supplementary Notes from The characteristics of nuclear membrane fluctuations in stem cells
Creators: name: Nodehi, Sedigheh Ghanbarzadeh
name: G. V. Shivashankar
name: Prost, Jacques
name: Mohammad-Rafiee, Farshid
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biophysics

description: The supplementary information file includes notes clarifying the materials and methods mentioned in the main manuscript such as "Boundary Detection", "Derivation of the contour amplitude", "Fourier analysis", "correlation equations", and "Asymmetry of cross-correlation functions and irreversibility".
Experimental procedures for precision measurements of the Casimir force with an Atomic Force Microscope
Creators: name: Chiu, Hsiang-Chih
name: Chang, Chia-Cheng
name: Castillo-Garza, R.
name: Chen, F.
name: Mohideen, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental methods and procedures required for precision measurements of the Casimir force are presented. In particular, the best practices for obtaining stable cantilevers, calibration of the cantilever, correction of thermal and mechanical drift, measuring the contact separation, sphere radius and the roughness are discussed.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Enhancement of entanglement transfer in a spin chain by phase shift-control
Creators: name: Maruyama, K.
name: Iitaka, T.
name: Nori, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of a phase shift on the amount of transferrable two-spin entanglement in a spin chain. We consider a ferromagnetic Heisenberg/XY spin chain, both numerically and analytically, and two mechanisms to generate a phase shift, the Aharonov-Casher effect and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. In both cases, the maximum attainable entanglement is shown to be significantly enhanced, suggesting its potential usefulness in quantum information processing.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. v2: a fig added, the main text modified a bit
Analysis of Relation between Motor Activity and Imaginary EEG Records
Creators: name: Alpturk, Enver Kaan
name: Kutlu, Yakup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Electroencephalography (EEG) signals signals are often used to learn about brain structure and to learn what thinking. EEG signals can be easily affected by external factors. For this reason, they should be applied various pre-process during their analysis. In this study, it is used the EEG signals received from 109 subjects when opening and closing their right or left fists and performing hand and foot movements and imagining the same movements. The relationship between motor activities and imaginary of that motor activities were investigated. Algorithms with high performance rates have been used for feature extraction , selection and classification using the nearest neighbour algorithm.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Journal of Artificial Intellicence with Application
Emergent Universe and Genesis from the DHOST Cosmology
Creators: name: Ilyas, Amara
name: Zhu, Mian
name: Zheng, Yunlong
name: Cai, Yi-Fu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we present an emergent universe scenario that can be derived from DHOST cosmology. The universe starts asymptotically Minkowski in the far past just like the regular Galileon Genesis, but evolves to a radiation dominated period at the late stage, and therefore, the universe has a graceful exit which is absent in the regular Galileon Genesis. We analyze the behavior of cosmological perturbations and show that both the scalar and tensor modes are free from the gradient instability problem. We further analyze the primordial scalar spectrum generated in various situations and discuss whether a scale invariance can be achieved.
description: 12 pages, 6 main figures, comments are welcome
Casimir Effect in Hyperbolic Polygons
Creators: name: Ahmedov, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a trace formula for the spectra of quantum mechanical systems in hyperbolic polygons which are the fundamental domains of discrete isometry groups acting in the two dimensional hyperboloid. Using this trace formula and the point splitting regularization method we calculate the Casimir energy for a scalar fields in such domains. The dependence of the vacuum energy on the number of vertexes is established.
description: Latex, 16
Transition density matrices of Richardson-Gaudin states
Creators: name: Johnson, Paul A.
name: Fortin, Hubert
name: Cloutier, Samuel
name: Fecteau, Charles-Émile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, ground state eigenvectors of the reduced Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer Hamiltonian, Richardson-Gaudin (RG) states, have been employed as a wavefunction ansatz for strong correlation. This wavefunction physically represents a mean-field of pairs of electrons (geminals) with a constant pairing strength. To move beyond the mean-field, one must develop the wavefunction in the basis of all the RG states. This requires both practical expressions for transition density matrices and an idea of which states are most important in the expansion. In this contribution, we present expressions for the transition density matrix elements and calculate them numerically for half-filled picket fence models. There are no Slater-Condon rules for RG states, though an analogue of the aufbau principle proves to be useful in choosing which states are important.
Elicitation of verbs from "Creation of Animals"
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Newbold, Lindsey
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-021011-05: Elicitation of verbs from the "Creation of Animals" story (file VP-080309-03), focused on items that are not in the Hupa Language Dictionary.
title:  Ebefrenie e schizofrenie: casi clinici e figure letterarie
Creators: name: Ferro  ,  Filippo
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2021

description: Vita e racconto della medesima interagiscono strettamente nel costruire l’identità. In parallelo le storie dei casi della psicopatologia e le narrazioni della letteratura rappresentano immagini speculari nel descrivere la realtà e le visioni del mondo. Così nella cultura tedesca figure cliniche come l’ebefrenia di Kahlbaum ed Hecker, e quindi le schizofrenie di Bleuler e Binswanger, trovano consonanze precise, e illuminazioni inquietanti, se paragonate ai personaggi di Theodor Fontane e poi a quelli eternati da Thomas Mann e Franz Kafka.
description: B@belonline vol. 8 Paul Ricœur: Narrative Identity Between Hermeneutics and Psychoanalysis/Paul Ricœur: L’identità narrativa tra ermeneutica e psicoanalisi
Application of discrete mechanics model to jump conditions in two-phase flows
Creators: name: Caltagirone, Jean-Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discrete mechanics is presented as an alternative to the equations of fluid mechanics, in particular to the Navier-Stokes equation. The derivation of the discrete equation of motion is built from the intuitions of Galileo, the principles of Galilean equivalence and relativity. Other more recent concepts such as the equivalence between mass and energy and the Helmholtz-Hodge decomposition complete the formal framework used to write a fundamental law of motion such as the conservation of accelerations, the intrinsic acceleration of the material medium, and the sum of the accelerations applied to it. The two scalar and vector potentials of the acceleration resulting from the decomposition into two contributions, to curl-free and to divergence-free, represent the energies per unit of mass of compression and shear. The solutions obtained by the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation and the discrete equation of motion are the same, with constant physical properties. This new formulation of the equation of motion makes it possible to significantly modify the treatment of surface discontinuities, thanks to the intrinsic properties established from the outset for a discrete geometrical description directly linked to the decomposition of acceleration. The treatment of the jump conditions of density, viscosity and capillary pressure is explained in order to understand the two-phase flows. The choice of the examples retained, mainly of the exact solutions of the continuous equations, serves to show that the treatment of the conditions of jumps does not affect the precision of the method of resolution.
description: 34 pages, 29 figures
Fluctuations of the intergalactic UV background towards two lines of sight
Creators: name: Fechner, C.
name: Reimers, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a reanalysis of the HeII Lyman alpha absorption towards the quasars HS1700+6416 and HE2347-4342 using new high S/N, optical observations. An alternative analysis method is applied, which fits the high quality, optical HI data directly to the HeII spectrum. The results are compared to those inferred from standard line profile analyses. This new method enables us to derive redshift scales characterizing the fluctuations of the column density ratio eta. We find eta changing smoothly with redshift on typical scales of Delta z ~ 0.01-0.03 corresponding to 8-24 h^-1 Mpc comoving. The real length scales of variations of the column density ratio might be even larger, since part of the fluctuations may be caused by noise in the HeII data and by effects due to the applied method. However, eta variations on small scales of a few Mpc with an amplitude of about +/- 1.5 dex cannot be ruled out completely. The data shows an apparent correlation between low eta regions and the presence of metal line absorbers, which corresponds to the more general correlation of low eta and strong HI absorption. Thermal line broadening is suggested as a probable explanation for this apparent correlation, since both fit methods would severely underestimate eta for absorbers with log N(HI) > 13 if the line width was dominated by thermal broadening. Indeed, lines located close to the cut-off of the b(N) distribution yield lower column density ratios compared to the whole sample, in particular if high density absorbers are considered. We argue that the apparent correlation of eta with the strength of the HI absorption is caused by insufficient consideration of thermal broadened lines by the standard analysis. As unbiased value of the column density ratio, we find eta ~80 in agreement with previous estimates.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, recommended for publication in A&A
Unconventional motional narrowing in the optical spectrum of a semiconductor quantum dot
Creators: name: Berthelot, Alice
name: Favero, Ivan
name: Cassabois, Guillaume
name: Voisin, Christophe
name: Delalande, Claude
name: Roussignol, Philippe
name: Ferreira, Robson
name: Gérard, Jean-Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motional narrowing refers to the striking phenomenon where the resonance line of a system coupled to a reservoir becomes narrower when increasing the reservoir fluctuation. A textbook example is found in nuclear magnetic resonance, where the fluctuating local magnetic fields created by randomly oriented nuclear spins are averaged when the motion of the nuclei is thermally activated. The existence of a motional narrowing effect in the optical response of semiconductor quantum dots remains so far unexplored. This effect may be important in this instance since the decoherence dynamics is a central issue for the implementation of quantum information processing based on quantum dots. Here we report on the experimental evidence of motional narrowing in the optical spectrum of a semiconductor quantum dot broadened by the spectral diffusion phenomenon. Surprisingly, motional narrowing is achieved when decreasing incident power or temperature, in contrast with the standard phenomenology observed for nuclear magnetic resonance.
Supplemental analyses of taxonomic bias and phylogenetic effects from Comparative analysis of helminth infectivity: growth in intermediate hosts increases establishment rates in the next host
Creators: name: Froelick, Spencer
name: Gramolini, Laura
name: Benesh, Daniel P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Parasitic worms (i.e. helminths) commonly infect multiple hosts in succession before reproducing. At each life cycle step, worms may fail to infect the next host, and this risk accumulates as life cycles include more successive hosts. Risk accumulation can be minimized by having high establishment success in the next host, but comparisons of establishment probabilities across parasite life stages are lacking. We compiled recovery rates (i.e. the proportion of parasites recovered from an administered dose) from experimental infections with acanthocephalans, cestodes and nematodes. Our data covered 127 helminth species and 16 913 exposed hosts. Recovery rates increased with life cycle progression (11%, 29% and 46% in first, second and third hosts, respectively), because larger worm larvae had higher recovery, both within and across life stages. Recovery declined in bigger hosts but less than it increased with worm size. Higher doses were used in systems with lower recovery, suggesting that high doses are chosen when few worms are expected to establish infection. Our results indicate that growing in the small and short-lived hosts at the start of a complex life cycle, though dangerous, may substantially improve parasites' chances of completing their life cycles.