cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tracing the formation history of giant planets in protoplanetary disks with Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Sulphur
Creators: name: Turrini, Diego
name: Schisano, Eugenio
name: Fonte, Sergio
name: Molinari, Sergio
name: Politi, Romolo
name: Fedele, Davide
name: Panic, Olja
name: Kama, Mihkel
name: Changeat, Quentin
name: Tinetti, Giovanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The composition of giant planets is imprinted by their migration history and the compositional structure of their hosting disks. Studies in recent literature investigate how the abundances of C and O can constrain the formation pathways of giant planets forming within few tens of au from the star. New ALMA observations, however, suggest planet-forming regions possibly extending to hundreds of au. We explore the implications of these wider formation environments through n-body simulations of growing and migrating giant planets embedded in planetesimal disks, coupled with a compositional model of the protoplanetary disk where volatiles are inherited from the molecular cloud and refractories are calibrated against extrasolar and Solar System data. We find that the C/O ratio provides limited insight on the formation pathways of giant planets that undergo large-scale migration. This limitation can be overcome thanks to nitrogen and sulphur. Jointly using the C/N, N/O and C/O ratios breaks any degeneracy in the formation and migration tracks of giant planets. The use of elemental ratios normalized to the respective stellar ratios supplies additional information on the nature of giant planets, thanks to the relative volatility of O, C and N in disks. When the planetary metallicity is dominated by the accretion of solids C/N* $>$ C/O* $>$ N/O* (* denoting this normalized scale), otherwise N/O* $>$ C/O* $>$ C/N*. The S/N ratio provides an additional independent probe into the metallicity of giant planets and their accretion of solids.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures and 7 tables. Accepted version of the article published on The Astrophysical Journal (includes 1 extra figure and additional text with respect to previous preprint)
The Contribution of the Intergalactic Medium to Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies
Creators: name: Atrio-Barandela, F.
name: Muecket, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the power spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background temperature anisotropies generated by the Intergalactic Medium. To estimate the electron pressure along the line of sight and its contribution to the Sunyaev-Zeldovich component of the CMB anisotropies, we assume the non-linear baryonic density contrast is well described by a log-normal distribution. For model parameters in agreement with observations and for an experiment operating in the Rayleigh-Jeans regime, the largest IGM contribution is expected at scales corresponding to multipole numbers of about 2000. The amplitude is rather uncertain and could be as large as 100-200 [mikroK]^2, comparable to the contribution of galaxy clusters. The actual value is strongly dependent on the gas polytropic index and the amplitude of the matter power spectrum sigma_8. At all redshifts, the largest contribution comes from scales very close to the comoving baryon Jeans length. This scale is not yet resolved in numerical simulations that follow the evolution of gas on cosmological scales. The anisotropy generated by the Intergalactic Medium could make compatible the excess of power measured by Cosmic Background Imager (CBI) on scales of l > 2000 with sigma_8=0.9. Taking the CBI result as an upper limit, the polytropic index can be constrained to < 1.5 at 2-sigma level at redshifts z ~ 0.1-0.4. With its large frequency coverage, the PLANCK satellite will be able to measure the secondary anisotropies coming from hot gas. Cluster and Intergalactic Medium contributions could be separated by cross correlating galaxy/cluster catalogs with CMB maps. This measurement will determine the state of the gas at low and intermediate redshifts.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Essendrop, Carl Peter P.
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1849

description: Meddeler at biblioteket har mottatt en bokgave
description: 2 brev. Polydoc nr. 1: 3421. Polydoc nr. 2: 2528.
title: Multi-level functional IR with rewrites for higher-level synthesis of accelerators
title: A multi-level functional IR with rewrites for higher-level synthesis of accelerators
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schlaak, Christof
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2023
Subjects: FPGAs.
programming FPGAs
abstract programming language
compiler
Field Programmable Gate Arrays
Shir
multi-level functional IR
compiler optimization

description: Specialised accelerators deliver orders of magnitude higher energy-efficiency than general-purpose processors. Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have become the substrate of choice, because the ever-changing nature of modern workloads, such as machine learning, demands reconfigurability. However, they are notoriously hard to program directly using Hardware Description Languages (HDLs). Traditional High-Level Synthesis (HLS) tools improve productivity, but come with their own problems. They often produce sub-optimal designs and programmers are still required to write hardware-specific code, thus development cycles remain long. This thesis proposes Shir, a higher-level synthesis approach for high-performance accelerator design with a hardware-agnostic programming entry point, a multi-level Intermediate Representation (IR), a compiler and rewrite rules for optimisation. First, a novel, multi-level functional IR structure for accelerator design is described. The IRs operate on different levels of abstraction, cleanly separating different hardware concerns. They enable the expression of different forms of parallelism and standard memory features, such as asynchronous off-chip memories or synchronous on-chip buffers, as well as arbitration of such shared resources. Exposing these features at the IR level is essential for achieving high performance. Next, mechanical lowering procedures are introduced to automatically compile a program specification through Shir’s functional IRs until low-level HDL code for FPGA synthesis is emitted. Each lowering step gradually adds implementation details. Finally, this thesis presents rewrite rules for automatic optimisations around parallelisation, buffering and data reshaping. Reshaping operations pose a challenge to functional approaches in particular. They introduce overheads that compromise performance or even prevent the generation of synthesisable hardware designs altogether. This fundamental issue is solved by the application of rewrite rules. The viability of this approach is demonstrated by running matrix multiplication and 2D convolution on an Intel Arria 10 FPGA. A limited design space exploration is conducted, confirming the ability of the IR to exploit various hardware features. Using rewrite rules for optimisation, it is possible to generate high-performance designs that are competitive with highly tuned OpenCL implementations and that outperform hardware-agnostic OpenCL code. The performance impact of the optimisations is further evaluated showing that they are essential to achieving high performance, and in many cases also necessary to produce hardware that fits the resource constraints.
Alteration of protein binding affinities by aqueous two-phase systems revealed by pressure perturbation
Creators: name: Ehrt, Christiane
name: Winter, Roland
name: Oliva, Rosario
name: Banerjee, Sudeshna
name: Cinar, Hasan
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 540

description: Interactions between proteins and ligands, which are fundamental to many biochemical processes essential to life, are mostly studied at dilute buffer conditions. The effects of the highly crowded nature of biological cells and the effects of liquid-liquid phase separation inducing biomolecular droplet formation as a means of membrane-less compartmentalization have been largely neglected in protein binding studies. We investigated the binding of a small ligand (ANS) to one of the most multifunctional proteins, bovine serum albumin (BSA) in an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) composed of PEG and Dextran. Also, aiming to shed more light on differences in binding mode compared to the neat buffer data, we examined the effect of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) on the binding process. We observe a marked effect of the ATPS on the binding characteristics of BSA. Not only the binding constants change in the ATPS system, but also the integrity of binding sites is partially lost, which is most likely due to soft enthalpic interactions of the BSA with components in the dense droplet phase of the ATPS. Using pressure modulation, differences in binding sites could be unravelled by their different volumetric and hydration properties. Regarding the vital biological relevance of the study, we notice that extreme biological environments, such as HHP, can markedly affect the binding characteristics of proteins. Hence, organisms experiencing high-pressure stress in the deep sea need to finely adjust the volume changes of their biochemical reactions in cellulo.
description: Scientific reports;Jg.: 10 | S. 8074-1-8074-12
Electromagnetic modes in dielectric equilateral triangle resonators
Creators: name: Wysin, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonant electromagnetic modes are analyzed inside a dielectric cavity of equilateral triangular cross section and refractive index n, surrounded by a uniform medium of refractive index n'. The field confinement is determined only under the requirements needed to maintain total internal reflection of the internal electromagnetic fields, matched to exponentially decaying evanescent waves outside the cavity. Two-dimensional electromagnetics is considered, with no dependence on the coordinate perpendicular to the cross section; hence, independent transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations are described separately. A linear combination of six plane waves is sufficient within the cavity, whose wavevectors are related by 120-degree rotations and whose phases are related by Fresnel reflection coefficients. Generally, the mode spectrum becomes sparse and the minimum mode frequency increases rapidly as the index ratio N=n/n' approaches 2. For specified quantum numbers and N, the TM modes are lower in frequency than the TE modes. Assuming the evanescent boundary waves escape at the triangle vertices, TE modes generally are found to have greater confinement of the fields inside the cavity and much higher quality factors than TM modes.
description: 16 pages, 17 figures (color version available at http://www.phys.ksu.edu/~wysin/publist.htm)
Discrete wavelet structure and discrete energy of a classical plane light wave
Creators: name: Zhang, Xingchu
name: She, Weilong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, the wavelet transform is used to decompose the classical linearly polarized plane light wave into a series of discrete Morlet wavelets. It is found that the energy of the light wave can be discrete, associated with its discrete wavelet structure.It is also found that the changeable energy of a basic plane light wave packet or wave train of wave vector $\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rightharpoonup$}}\over k} $ and with discrete wavelet structure can be with the form of ${H_{0k}} = n{p_{0k}}ω$ $(n = 1,2,3,...)$, where $n$ is the parameter of discrete wavelet structure, $ω$ is the idler frequency of the light wave packet or wave train, and ${p_{0k}}$ is a constant to be determined.This is consistent with the energy division of $P$ portions in Planck radiation theory, where $P$ is an integer. Finally, the random light wave packets with $n=1$ are used to simulate the Mach-Zehnder interference of single photons, showing the wave-particle duality of light.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Successful palliative peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for impending compression of vena cava due to unresectable liver metastasis of neuroendocrine tumor
Creators: name: Ataeinia, Bahar
name: Loberg, Christina
name: Kravets, Hanna
name: Beheshti, Mohsen
name: Von Mallek, Dirk
name: Mottaghy, Felix M.
name: Heinzel, Alexander
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: neuroendocrine tumors
subject: metastasis
subject: PRRT
subject: 177 Lu-DOTATOC
subject: 610

description: We present the case of a 77 year old male patient with metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET). The patient was initially treated by extensive surgical resection that however, led to severe complications with delayed recovery. During follow-up, a number of new liver metastases were detected, one of which was in segment I with impending compression of the inferior vena cava. Due to age and general condition of the patient, instead of further surgical treatment, the patient received four cycles of 177Lu-DOTATOC resulting in an overall partial response with successful tumor reduction in liver segment I, resolving an impending compression of vena cava.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18. 2019, p.273-276
Magnetism and superconductivity of heavy fermion matter
Creators: name: Flouquet, J.
name: Knebel, G.
name: Braithwaite, D.
name: Aoki, D.
name: Brison, J. P.
name: Hardy, F.
name: Huxley, A.
name: Raymond, S.
name: Salce, B.
name: Sheikin, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay of magnetism and unconventional superconductivity (d singlet wave or p triplet wave) in strongly correlated electronic system (SCES) is discussed with recent examples found in heavy fermion compounds. A short presentation is given on the formation of the heavy quasiparticle with the two sources of a local and intersite enhancement for the effective mass. Two cases of the coexistence or repulsion of antiferromagnetism and superconductivity are given with CeIn3 and CeCoIn5. A spectacular example is the emergence of superconductivity in relatively strong itinerant ferromagnets UGe2 and URhGe. The impact of heavy fermion matter among other SCES as organic conductor or high Tc oxide is briefly pointed out.
description: 22pages, 15 figures
Comparisons and Selections of Features and Classifiers for Short Text Classification
Creators: name: Lu, Mi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80108 Neural, Evolutionary and Fuzzy Computation
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Short text is considerably different from traditional long text documents due to its shortness and conciseness, which somehow hinders the applications of conventional machine learning and data mining algorithms in short text classification. According to traditional artificial intelligence methods, we divide short text classification into three steps, namely preprocessing, feature selection and classifier comparison. In this paper, we have illustrated step-by-step how we approach our goals. Specifically, in feature selection, we compared the performance and robustness of the four methods of one-hot encoding, tf-idf weighting, word2vec and paragraph2vec, and in the classification part, we deliberately chose and compared Naïve Bayes, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, K-nearest Neighbor and Decision Tree as our classifiers. Then, we compared and analyzed the classifiers horizontally with each other and vertically with feature selections. Regarding the datasets, we crawled more than 400,000 short text files from Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges and manually labeled them into two classes, the big and the small. There are eight labels in the big class, and 59 labels in the small class.
Manipulation of the Spontaneous Emission Dynamics of Quantum Dots in 2D Photonic Crystals
Creators: name: Kress, A.
name: Hofbauer, F.
name: Reinelt, N.
name: Krenner, H. J.
name: Meyer, R.
name: Boehm, G.
name: Finley, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the ability to control the spontaneous emission dynamics of self-assembled quantum dots via the local density of optical modes in 2D-photonic crystals. We show that an incomplete 2D photonic bandgap is sufficient to significantly lengthen the spontaneous emission lifetime ($>2\times$) over a wide bandwidth ($Δλ\geq40$ nm). For dots that are both \textit{spectrally} and \textit{spatially} coupled to strongly localized ($V_{mode}\sim1.5(λ/n)^{3}$), high $Q\sim2700$ optical modes, we have directly measured a strong Purcell enhanced shortening of the emission lifetime $\geq5.6\times$, limited only by our temporal resolution. Analysis of the spectral dependence of the recombination dynamics shows a maximum lifetime shortening of $19\pm4$. From the directly measured enhancement and suppression we show that the single mode coupling efficiency for quantum dots in such structures is at least $β=92%$ and is estimated to be as large as $\sim97%$.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Toward an atlas of the number of visible stars
Creators: name: Cinzano, Pierantonio
name: Falchi, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modelling techniques for the propagation of light pollution in the atmosphere allow the computation of maps of artificial night sky brightness in any direction of the sky, involving a large number of details from satellite data. Cinzano et al. (2001a) introduced a method of mapping naked eye star visibility at the zenith from large areas based on satellite radiance measurements and Garstang models of the propagation of light pollution. It takes into account the altitude of each land area from digital elevation data, natural sky brightness in the chosen sky direction based on the Garstang approach, eye capability after Garstang and Schaefer, and atmospheric extinction in the visual photometric band. Here we discuss how to use these methods to obtain maps of the average number of visible stars when looking at the night sky hemisphere, finally answering, site by site, the question of how many stars are visible in the sky. This is not trivial, as the number of stars visible depends on the limiting magnitude in each direction in the sky, and this depends on sky brightness in that direction, atmospheric extinction at that zenith distance and the observer's visual acuity and experience. We present, as an example, a map of the number of visible stars in Italy to an average observer on clear nights with a resolution of approximately 1 km.
Disorder-induced critical phenomena--new universality classes in Anderson localization
Creators: name: Brouwer, P. W.
name: Furusaki, A.
name: Mudry, C.
name: Ryu, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Anderson metal-insulator transition is a continuous phase transition driven by disorder. It remains a challenging problem to theoretically determine universal critical properties at the transition. The Anderson transition in a model with a discrete sublattice or particle-hole symmetry belongs to one of seven universality classes which are different from the three well-known standard ones. Here we review our recent theoretical work on these new universality classes in (quasi) one and two dimensions.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
SupplementaryMaterials-RogersCoffin&Sisneros.docx
Creators: name: Rogers, Loranzie
name: A. Sisneros, Joseph
name: Coffin, Allison B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 60603 Animal Physiology - Systems
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience

description: Supplemental materials for Rogers et al. 2022. Journal of Neurophysiology.
On the Origin of the High Helium Sequence in $ω$ Centauri
Creators: name: Maeder, André
name: Meynet, Georges
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The blue Main Sequence (bMS) of $ω$ Cen implies a ratio of helium to metal enrichment $ΔY/ΔZ \approx 70$, which is a major enigma. We show that rotating models of low metallicity stars, which account for the anomalous abundance ratios of extremely metal poor stars, are also useful for understanding the very high $ΔY/ΔZ$ ratio in $ω$ Cen. Models of massive stars with moderate initial rotation velocities produce stellar winds with large He-- and N--excesses, but without the large C-- (and O--) excesses made by very fast rotation, in agreement with the observed chemical abundance ratios in $ω$ Cen. It is still uncertain whether the abundance peculiarities of $ω$ Cen result from the fact that the high velocity contributions of supernovae escaped the globular cluster, usually considered as a tidally stripped core of a dwarf galaxy. Another possibility is a general dominance of wind ejecta at very low $Z$, due to the formation of black holes. Some abundance and isotopic ratios like $Mg/Al$, $Na/Mg$, $Ne/N$, $^{12}C/^{13}C$, $^{16}O/^{18}O$ and $^{17}O/^{18}O$ may allow us to further discriminate between these scenarios and between the AGB and massive star contributions.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
A Survey on ML4VIS: Applying Machine Learning Advances to Data Visualization
Creators: name: Wang, Qianwen
name: Chen, Zhutian
name: Wang, Yong
name: Qu, Huamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Inspired by the great success of machine learning (ML), researchers have applied ML techniques to visualizations to achieve a better design, development, and evaluation of visualizations. This branch of studies, known as ML4VIS, is gaining increasing research attention in recent years. To successfully adapt ML techniques for visualizations, a structured understanding of the integration of ML4VISis needed. In this paper, we systematically survey 88 ML4VIS studies, aiming to answer two motivating questions: "what visualization processes can be assisted by ML?" and "how ML techniques can be used to solve visualization problems?" This survey reveals seven main processes where the employment of ML techniques can benefit visualizations:Data Processing4VIS, Data-VIS Mapping, InsightCommunication, Style Imitation, VIS Interaction, VIS Reading, and User Profiling. The seven processes are related to existing visualization theoretical models in an ML4VIS pipeline, aiming to illuminate the role of ML-assisted visualization in general visualizations.Meanwhile, the seven processes are mapped into main learning tasks in ML to align the capabilities of ML with the needs in visualization. Current practices and future opportunities of ML4VIS are discussed in the context of the ML4VIS pipeline and the ML-VIS mapping. While more studies are still needed in the area of ML4VIS, we hope this paper can provide a stepping-stone for future exploration. A web-based interactive browser of this survey is available at https://ml4vis.github.io
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables
title: Delaying vascular aging
title: A new prospect in medicine
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Jamil, Ayesha
name: Habib, Sana
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610

description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18. 2019, p. 1092-1093
Polishing the Lens: I Pionic Final State Interactions and HBT Correlations- Distorted Wave Emission Function (DWEF) Formalism and Examples
Creators: name: Miller, Gerald A.
name: Cramer, John G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emission of pions produced within a dense, strongly-interacting system of matter in the presence of strong radial flow and absorption is described using a relativistic optical model formalism, replacing the attenuated or unattenuated plane waves of earlier emission function approaches with ``distorted wave'' solutions to a relativistic wave equation including a complex optical potential. The resulting distorted-wave emission function model (DWEF) is used in numerical calculations to fit HBT correlations and the resonance-corrected pion spectrum from central-collision STAR Au+Au pion data at $\sqrt{s}= 200$ GeV. The parameters of the emission function are constrained by adopting a pion formation temperature taken from lattice gauge calculations and a chemical potential equal to the pion mass suggested by chiral symmetry restoration. Excellent agreement with the STAR data are obtained. The applications are extended by applying linear participant scaling to the space-time parameters of the model while keeping all other parameters fixed. This allows us to predict HBT radii over a range of centralities for both Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions. Good agreement is found with STAR HBT data for all but the most peripheral collisions.
description: 35 pages 19 figures; extensively revised from previous version, but conclusions remain unchanged. New predictions of 200 GeV Au+Au and Cu+Cu vs. centrality
Electrostatic interface tuning in correlated superconducting heterostructures
Creators: name: Pavlenko, Natalia
name: Kopp, Thilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An electrostatic field, which is applied to a gated high-temperature superconducting (HTSC) film, is believed to affect the film similar to charge doping. Analyzing the pairing in terms of a t-J model, we show that a coupling to electric dipoles and phonons at the interface of film and dielectric gate localizes the injected charge and leads to a superconductor-insulator transition. This results in a dramatic modification of the doping dependent phase diagram close to and above the optimal doping which is expected to shed light on recent electric field-effect experiments with HTSC cuprates.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Physical Review B
Simulating nanoscale dielectric response
Creators: name: Maggs, A. C.
name: Everaers, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a constrained energy functional to describe dielectric response. We demonstrate that the local functional is a generalization of the long ranged Marcus energy. Our re-formulation is used to implement a cluster Monte Carlo algorithm for the simulation of dielectric media. The algorithm avoids solving the Poisson equation and remains efficient in the presence of spatial heterogeneity, nonlinearity and scale dependent dielectric properties.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Revtex4
title: The survival rate of hepatocellular carcinoma in Asian countries
title: a systematic review and meta-analysis
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Hassanipour, Soheil
name: Vali, Mouhebat
name: Gaffari-Fam, Saber
name: Nikbakht, Hossein-Ali
name: Abdzadeh, Elham
name: Joukar, Farahnaz
name: Pourshams, Akram
name: Shafaghi, Afshin
name: Malakoutikhah, Mahdi
name: Arab-Zozani, Morteza
name: Salehiniya, Hamid
name: Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Survival rate
subject: Hepatocellular carcinoma
subject: Systematic review
subject: Meta-analysis
subject: Asia
subject: 610

description: Hepatocellular carcinoma or Liver cancer (LC) is the sixth most common cancer and the fourth cause of death worldwide in 2018. There has not been a comprehensive study on the survival rate of patients with LC in Asia yet. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the survival rate of patients with LC in Asian countries. The methodology of the present study is based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) statement. The researchers searched five international databases including Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Knowledge and ProQuest until July 1, 2018. We also searched Google Scholar for detecting grey literature. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Form was used to evaluate the quality of selected papers. A total of 1425 titles were retrieved. 63 studies met the inclusion criteria. Based on the random-effect model one-year, three-year and five-year survival rate of LC were 34.8 % (95 % CI; 30.3-39.3), 19 % (95 % CI ; 18.2-21.8) and 18.1 % (95 % CI ;16.1-20.1) respectively. According to the results of our study, the LC survival rate in Asian countries is relatively lower than in Europe and North America.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 19 2020
Multiple Linear Regression Haze-removal Model Based on Dark Channel Prior
Creators: name: Lu, Mi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80106 Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing

description: Dark Channel Prior (DCP) is a widely recognized traditional dehazing algorithm. However, it may fail in bright region and the brightness of the restored image is darker than hazy image. In this paper, we propose an effective method to optimize DCP. We build a multiple linear regression haze removal model based on DCP atmospheric scattering model and train this model with RESIDE dataset, which aims to reduce the unexpected errors caused by the rough estimations of transmission map t(x) and atmospheric light A. The RESIDE dataset provides enough synthetic hazy images and their corresponding ground truth images to train and test. We compare the performances of different dehazing algorithms in terms of two important full-reference metrics, the peak-signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) as well as the structural similarity index measure (SSIM). The experiment results show that our model gets highest SSIM value and its PSNR value is also higher than most of state-of-the-art dehazing algorithms. Our results also overcome the weakness of DCP on real-world hazy images.
Effect of Ficus glomerata leaf extract in streptozotocin-induced early diabetic complications and its characterization by LC-MS
Creators: name: Shaikh, Abusufyan Sirajuddin
name: Ibrahim, Mohammed
name: Khan, Mohib
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Antidiabetic activity
subject: Antioxidant activity
subject: Ficus glomerata
subject: Phytoconstituents
subject: Streptozotocin
subject: 610

description: Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder that leads to various micro-vascular complications. The present study elucidated the effect of chloroform extract of leaves of Ficus glomerata (CHFG) in streptozotocin-induced early diabetic renal and neural complications. Wistar rats were injected with STZ (55 mg/kg, i.p.) to produce experimental diabetes. Two weeks after the stabilization of diabetes, CHFG extract at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg (CHFG 200 and CHFG 400) and metformin at the dose of 250 mg/kg (Met 250) was administered to the diabetic rats for further two weeks. Diabetic rats showed an increase in blood glucose, plasma urea, uric acid, creatinine, triglyceride, and total cholesterol level. The change in behavioral parameters such as thermal hyperalgesia and cold allodynia with compromised sciatic nerve and kidney antioxidant status were seen in diabetic rats. Diabetic rats treated with CHFG 200, CHFG 400, and Met 250 showed a decrease in blood glucose, plasma urea, uric acid, creatinine, triglyceride, and total cholesterol level. Also, it improved altered behavioral parameters such as thermal hyperalgesia and cold allodynia. It also restored the sciatic nerve and kidney antioxidant status. The results of kidney and sciatic nerves histopathological study were in line with the results of biochemical parameters that confirmed the favorable role of CHFG. Characterization of CHFG by LC-MS revealed the presence of diverse phytoconstituents, which might be responsible for its protective effect.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 19 2020
Safety evaluation of FM101, an A3 adenosine receptor modulator, in rat, for developing as therapeutics of glaucoma and hepatitis
Creators: name: Park, Chong-Woo
name: Han, Chung-Tack
name: Sakaguchi, Yasue
name: Lee, Jiyoun
name: Youn, Hwa-Young
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Adenosine
subject: A3AR modulator
subject: Acute oral toxicity
subject: 28-day subchronic toxicity
subject: 610

description: Adenosine is a critical regulator of inflammation and fibrosis, it affects endogenous cell signaling via binding to the A3 adenosine receptor. FM101 is a potent, highly selective A3 adenosine receptor modulator that has been developed as a treatment for glaucoma and hepatitis. We determined that FM101 is a biased ligand with functional activities both as a G protein agonist and a β-arrestin antagonist. The safety of FM101 was evaluated by administering an acute dose in rats, the results indicated that the approximate lethal dose was greater than 2000 mg/kg. In a subchronic toxicity study, FM101 was administered orally once per day to rats at doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg/day over a period of 28 days. Abnormal posture, irregular respiration, decreased movement, and ear flushing were observed during the early phase of dosing, and loose stools were observed sporadically among the animals that received 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day. Body weight and food consumption were decreased in one male and one female rat in the 1000 mg/kg/day group during the first 2 weeks of observation. However, there were no test substance-related changes or adverse effects observed during our ophthalmological, clinical chemistry, urine, organ weight, and histopathological analysis. These findings indicate that no observed adverse effect level of FM101 was 1000 mg/kg/day in male and female rats.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 19 2020
Modeling the motion of a bright spot in jets from black holes M87* and SgrA*
Creators: name: Dokuchaev, Vyacheslav I.
name: Nazarova, Natalia O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the general relativistic motion of a bright spot in a jet from an accreting black hole. The corresponding lensed images of the moving bright spot are calculated numerically in discrete time intervals along the bright spot trajectory in the Kerr space-time framework. As representative examples, we consider the cases of supermassive black holes SgrA* and M87*. Astrophysical observations of the moving bright spots in the jets from black holes provides the unique possibility for the verification of different gravitation theories in the strong field limit.
description: Published version, 17 pages, 9 figures
Strong effects of time-dependent ionization in early SN 1987A
Creators: name: Utrobin, V. P.
name: Chugai, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a time-dependent hydrogen ionization in the atmosphere of SN 1987A during the first month after the explosion. The model includes kinetics of hydrogen ionization and excitation, molecular hydrogen kinetics, and a time-dependent energy balance. The primary strong effect of the time-dependent ionization is the enhanced hydrogen ionization compared to the steady-state model. The time-dependent ionization provides a sufficient population of excited hydrogen levels to account for the observed H-alpha without invoking the external Ni-56. We find that the Ba II 6142 A line in SN 1987A can be reproduced for the LMC barium abundance. This resolves the long-standing problem of the unacceptably high barium overabundance in SN 1987A. The key missing factor that should be blamed for the "barium problem" is the time-dependent ionization. The modelling of the H-alpha profile on day 4.64 indicates the ratio of the kinetic energy to the ejected mass about 0.83 10^{50} erg/Msun.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, submitted to A&A
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of MLL5 enhances apoptotic effect of cisplatin in HeLa cells in vitro
Creators: name: Pirouzfar, Mohammad
name: Amiri, Farshid
name: Dianatpour, Mehdi
name: Takhshid, Mohammad Ali
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cervical cancer
subject: CRISPR/Cas9
subject: Mixed lineage leukemia protein
subject: E6 protein
subject: Cisplatin
subject: 610

description: Mixed lineage leukemia 5 (MLL5) transactivates the expression of E6 and E7 oncogenes in cervical cancer cells. In this study, we utilized ‎CRISPR/Cas9 system with the aim to target HPV-E6 and MLL5 to enhance apoptosis efficiency in HPV-18 positive HeLa cells and to improve chemotherapeutic efficacy of Cisplatin as the most common anticancer drug, used for cervical cancer. ‎sgRNAs against MLL5 and E6 were designed and cloned into PX458 plasmid vector. ‎Real-time ‎PCR was used to determine knockout expression of MLL5 and E6 following, ‎transfection with cloned plasmids. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated, using ‎Dimethyl-thiazolyl diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) ‎assay and Annexin V flow cytometry. ‎‏Cellular p‎53 level was measured, using enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA).‏ Real-time ‎PCR indicated the downregulation of E6 and MLL5 in the transfected cells. ‎A significant increase in the accumulation of P53 was observed due to targeting MLL5 and E6 genes. MTT and ‎apoptosis assays showed a significant decrease in cell viability and enhanced apoptosis rate of ‎transfected cells. Combination therapy showed that targeting E6 and MLL5 enhanced ‎apoptotic effect of Cisplatin in MLL5 knockout cells in a synergistic manner. ‎‏The results suggest that CRISPR/Cas9 targeting of E6 and MLL5 genes can increase‎ apoptotic effects of Cisplatin and can be considered as a ‎‎potential combination therapy for the treatment of HPV-‎related cervical cancer. ‎
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 19 2020
Broadening and sharpening of the Drude peak through antiferromagnetic fluctuations
Creators: name: Worm, Paul
name: Watzenböck, Clemens
name: Pickem, Matthias
name: Kauch, Anna
name: Held, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Antiferromagnetic or charge density wave fluctuations couple with light through the recently discovered π-ton contribution to the optical conductivity, and quite generically constitute the dominant vertex corrections in low-dimensional correlated electron systems. Here we study the arguably simplest version of these $π$-tons based on the semi-analytical random phase approximation (RPA) ladder in the transversal particle-hole channel. The vertex corrections to the optical conductivity are calculated directly for real frequencies. We validate that the RPA qualitatively reproduces the π-ton vertex corrections to the Drude peak in the Hubbard model. Depending on the temperature we find vertex corrections to broaden or sharpen the Drude peak.
description: 26 pages, 25 figures; Updated to version accepted by PRB
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor AS605240 ameliorates streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer’s disease like sporadic dementia in experimental rats
Creators: name: Alluri, Ramesh
name: Ambati, Sivamallikarjuna Reddy
name: Routhu, Kasiviswanth
name: Kopalli, Spandana Rajendra
name: Koppula, Sushruta
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Alzheimer’s disease
subject: AS605240
subject: PI3K inhibitor
subject: Streptozotocin
subject: Intra-cerebroventricular injection
subject: Oxidative stress
subject: Cognition
subject: 610

description: The quest for chemical entities able to curb the action of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase, (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathways is evolving as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment and/or prevention of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this study, the effects of a PI3K inhibitor, AS605240 on cognitive dysfunction and antioxidative defense parameters against intra-cerebroventricular-streptozotocin (ICV-STZ)-induced rat model of sporadic AD was evaluated. ICV administration of a single dose of STZ (3 mg/kg) was performed to induce behavioral and biochemical changes in rats using the stereotaxic technique. Animals were administered with varying doses of AS605240 (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg) orally, 1 h before ICV-STZ on day 1 and continued once daily for four weeks. The behavioral parameters (passive avoidance and Morris water maze), antioxidative defense parameters, amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein expression by Western blotting and immunostaining technique were estimated in brain tissue. AS605240 dose-dependently and significantly (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and p < 0.001) improved ICV-STZ-induced cognitive impairment and attenuated the altered antioxidative related parameters including superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation, glutathione and nitrite levels. Further, the increased Aβ protein expression levels in brain tissue were markedly restored with AS605240 treatment. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that AS605240 exhibited immense potential in attenuating STZ-induced sporadic AD features in rats and may be developed as a therapeutic agent in the treatment and management of sporadic AD.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 19 2020
Comment on "PIC simulations of circularly polarised Alfvén wave phase mixing: A new mechanism for electron acceleration in collisionless plasmas" by Tsiklauri et al
Creators: name: Mottez, Fabrice
name: Génot, Vincent
name: Louarn, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tsiklauri et al. recently published a theoretical model of electron acceleration by Alfvén waves in a nonuniform collisionless plasmas. We compare their work with a series of results published earlier by an another team, of which Tsiklauri et al. were probably unaware. We show that these two series of works, apparently conducted independently, lead to the same conclusions. This reinforces the theoretical consistency of the model.
description: 2 pages. Accepted at "Astronomy and Astrophysics"
Minimal Length and Generalized Dirac Equation
Creators: name: Nozari, Kourosh
name: Karami, Mojdeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Existence of a minimal observable length which has been indicated by string theory and quantum gravity, leads to a modification of Dirac equation. In this letter we find this modified Dirac equation and solve its eigenvalue problem for a free particle. We will show that due to background spacetime fluctuation, it is impossible to have free particle in Planck scale.
description: 10 pages, no figure
Experimental and numerical analysis of the influence of burst pressure distribution on rapid free sheet forming by vaporizing foil actuators
Creators: name: Hahn, Marlon
name: Tekkaya, A. Erman
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Vaporizing foil actuator
subject: Sheet metal forming
subject: Pressure distribution
subject: Inertia
subject: 620
subject: 670
subject: Folienvaporisation
subject: Blechumformen
subject: Druckverteilung
subject: Trägheit

description: Vaporizing Foil Actuators (VFA) can be employed as an innovative, extremely fast sheet metal forming method. An ultimate goal in forming technologies is generally to be flexible and rely on as few part-specific tools as possible. Therefore, various realizable VFA pressure distributions were investigated with a focus on the free forming result. Fundamental experiments including laser-based dynamic velocity measurements were conducted to discuss some key forming characteristics of the process. To compare more complex pressure distributions in a well-defined way, a numerical model was built. The strain rate dependency of the blank material was identified experimentally and incorporated in the model. It is shown that there are some VFA free forming capabilities in terms of creating certain part shapes, but only to a limited degree because relevant inertial forces can be present in regions where displacements would actually be either undesirable or wanted. Potential solutions to this are given at the end.
description: Metals;10(6)
English Out-of-Vocabulary Lexical Evaluation Task
Creators: name: Lu, Mi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80199 Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unlike previous unknown nouns tagging task, this is the first attempt to focus on out-of-vocabulary (OOV) lexical evaluation tasks that does not require any prior knowledge. The OOV words are words that only appear in test samples. The goal of tasks is to provide solutions for OOV lexical classification and predication. The tasks require annotators to conclude the attributes of the OOV words based on their related contexts. Then, we utilize unsupervised word embedding methods such as Word2Vec and Word2GM to perform the baseline experiments on the categorical classification task and OOV words attribute prediction tasks.
The Fourier-Mukai Transform in String Theory
Creators: name: Andreas, Bjorn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The article surveys aspects of the Fourier-Mukai transform, its relative version and some of its applications in string theory. To appear in Encyclopedia of Mathematical Physics, published by Elsevier in early 2006. Comments/corrections welcome.
description: 18 pages, latex, referencing followed the instructions of the publisher
Learning Energy-Based Model with Variational Auto-Encoder as Amortized Sampler
Creators: name: Xie, Jianwen
name: Zheng, Zilong
name: Li, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to the intractable partition function, training energy-based models (EBMs) by maximum likelihood requires Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling to approximate the gradient of the Kullback-Leibler divergence between data and model distributions. However, it is non-trivial to sample from an EBM because of the difficulty of mixing between modes. In this paper, we propose to learn a variational auto-encoder (VAE) to initialize the finite-step MCMC, such as Langevin dynamics that is derived from the energy function, for efficient amortized sampling of the EBM. With these amortized MCMC samples, the EBM can be trained by maximum likelihood, which follows an "analysis by synthesis" scheme; while the VAE learns from these MCMC samples via variational Bayes. We call this joint training algorithm the variational MCMC teaching, in which the VAE chases the EBM toward data distribution. We interpret the learning algorithm as a dynamic alternating projection in the context of information geometry. Our proposed models can generate samples comparable to GANs and EBMs. Additionally, we demonstrate that our model can learn effective probabilistic distribution toward supervised conditional learning tasks.