cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Theoretical study of pulse delay effects in the photoelectron angular distribution of near-threshold EUV+IR two-photon ionization of atoms
Creators: name: Ishikawa, Kenichi L.
name: Kazansky, A. K.
name: Kabachnik, N. M.
name: Ueda, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) from two-color two-photon near-threshold ionization of hydrogen and noble gas (He, Ne, and Ar) atoms by a combined action of femtosecond extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and near-infrared (IR) laser pulses. Using the second-order time-dependent perturbation theory, we clarify how the two-photon ionization process depends on EUV-IR pulse delay and how it is connected to the interplay between resonant and nonresonant ionization paths. Furthermore, by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, we calculate the anisotropy parameters $β_2$ and $β_4$ as well as the amplitude ratio and relative phase between partial waves characterizing the PADs. We show that in general these parameters notably depend on the time delay between the EUV and IR pulses, except for He. This dependence is related to the varying relative role of resonant and nonresonant paths of photoionization. Our numerical results for H, He, Ne, and Ar show that the pulse-delay effect is more pronounced for $p$-shell ionization than for $s$-shell ionization.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures
Top-quark forward-backward asymmetry in e+e- annihilation at NNLO in QCD
Creators: name: Gao, Jun
name: Zhu, Hua Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a complete calculation of electroweak production of top quark pairs in $e^+e^-$ annihilation at next-to-next-to-leading order in Quantum Chromodynamics. Our setup is fully differential and can be used to calculate any infrared-safe observable. Especially we calculated the next-to-next-to-leading order corrections to top-quark forward-backward asymmetry and found sizable effects. Our results show a large reduction of the theoretical uncertainties in predictions of the forward-backward asymmetry, and allow a precision determination of the top quark electroweak couplings at future $e^+e^-$ colliders.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1408.5150
Decreto Rectoral 1749: Creación del centro “EQUIP - Research Center for Equitable and Inclusive Progress at Universidad del Rosario” (Centro de Investigación en Equidad y Progreso Inclusivo de la Universidad del Rosario), como centro de investigación de la Facultad de Economía
Creators: name: Universidad del Rosario, Secretaria General
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: Dentro de la visión del Plan Integral de Desarrollo de la Universidad, se ha establecido mover fronteras a través de la investigación, para brindar un espacio de interacción entre estudiantes y profesores que sea atractivo para quienes esten involucrados y comprometidos con la transformcación y posicionar al Rosario como una Universidad del producción científica de calidad, de acuerdo con las clasificaciones internacionales. El grupo de investigación de la Facultad de Economía recibió el premio al mérito científico de la Asociación Colombiana para el Avance de la Ciencia -ACAC_, y actualmente esta clasificado como grupo A1, el cual corresponde a la categoría más alta otorgada por el Ministerio de Ciencia Tecnología e Innovación - Minciencias. En aras de aportar al cumplimiento de la visión que se ha fijado la Universidad y seguir contribuyendo al posicionamiento de la imagen de la misma, la Facultad de Economía ve la necesidad de avanzar a una nueva etapa organizacional para fomentar la compatitividad y cooperación académica a traves de líneas y áreas de investigación que permitan mantener y aumentar la visibilidad y el reconocimiento nacional e internacional, así como facilitar la gestión y atracción de recursos externos para liderar la investigación de alto impacto. La Alianza EFI (Economía Formal e Inclusiva ), programa de investigación liderado por la Universidad del rosario en el Marco de Colombia CIentífica, ha creado capacidades en torno a un aagencia robusta y compleja, que requiere construir un ecosistema científico que incluya agendas de largo plazo, observatorios y laboratorios , dando continuidad a los resultados e impactos alcanzados a partir de la investigación y la apropiación social del conocimiento en temáticas de informalidad, inclusión productiva y social y equidad. Para efectos de lo anterior, es necesario crear el Centro de Investigación (EQUIP) de la Facultad de Economía, para canalizar las actividades de investigación de la Facultad de Economía, fomentar la productividad académica, garantizar la sostenibilidad del programa de Alianza EFI y aumentar su visibilidad y posicionamiento.
Decreto Rectoral 1744: Creación del Instituto Rosarista para el estudio del Envejecimiento y la Longevidad - IREEL
Creators: name: Universidad del Rosario, Secretaria General
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: La Universidad del Rosario para el mejor servicio de su compromiso con el país debe avanzar en su vinculación respecto a los temas relacionados con el envegecimiento y la longevidad. Se hace necesario dotar a la Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud de una instancia que fomente el trabajo colaborativo interdisciplinario orientado a la generación y la apropiación social del conocimiento que apoya el desarrollo de propuestas que tengan impacto sobre las políticas públicas que mejoren la calidad de vida de la población adulta mayor colombiana en un contexto global, desde la prespectiva de entender el envejecimiento como un fenomeno social y cultural que posibilita el desarrollo, y que congregue a otras unidades académicas de la Universidad del Rosario. La actividad de un Instituto Rosarista para el estudio del envejecimiento y la longevidad - IREEL permitirá la deliberación, la diversidad, la participación, la pluralidad y el diálogo intergeneracional e intersectorial , y resultado de esta discusión se propongan políticas, programas y proyectos en el área en mención.
Wigner's Space-time Symmetries based on the Two-by-two Matrices of the Damped Harmonic Oscillators and the Poincaré Sphere
Creators: name: Baskal, Sibel
name: Kim, Young S.
name: Noz, Marilyn E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The second-order differential equation for a damped harmonic oscillator can be converted to two coupled first-order equations, with two two-by-two matrices leading to the group $Sp(2)$. It is shown that this oscillator system contains the essential features of Wigner's little groups dictating the internal space-time symmetries of particles in the Lorentz-covariant world. The little groups are the subgroups of the Lorentz group whose transformations leave the four-momentum of a given particle invariant. It is shown that the damping modes of the oscillator correspond to the little groups for massive and imaginary-mass particles respectively. When the system makes the transition from the oscillation to damping mode, it corresponds to the little group for massless particles. Rotations around the momentum leave the four-momentum invariant. This degree of freedom extends the $Sp(2)$ symmetry to that of $SL(2,c)$ corresponding to the Lorentz group applicable to the four-dimensional Minkowski space. The Poincaré sphere contains the $SL(2,c)$ symmetry. In addition, it has a non-Lorentzian parameter allowing us to reduce the mass continuously to zero. It is thus possible to construct the little group for massless particles from that of the massive particle by reducing its mass to zero. Spin-1/2 particles and spin-1 particles are discussed in detail.
description: Latex 42 pages, 7 figures, to be published in the Symmetry
CompuMat: A Computational Composite Material for Tangible Interaction
Creators: name: Yang, Xinyi
name: Nisser, Martin
name: Mueller, Stefanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces a computational composite material comprising layers for actuation, computation and energy storage. Key to its design is inexpensive materials assembled from traditionally available fabrication machines to support the rapid exploration of applications from computational composites. The actuation layer is a soft magnetic sheet that is programmed to either bond, repel, or remain agnostic to other areas of the sheet. The computation layer is a flexible PCB made from copper-clad kapton engraved by a fiber laser, powered by a third energy-storage layer comprised of 0.4mm-thin lithium polymer batteries. We present the material layup and an accompanying digital fabrication process enabling users to rapidly prototype their own untethered, interactive and tangible prototypes. The material is low-profile, inexpensive, and fully untethered, capable of being used for a variety of applications in HCI and robotics including structural origami and proprioception.
description: Xinyi Yang, Martin Nisser, and Stefanie Mueller. 2023. CompuMat: A Computational Composite Material for Tangible Interaction. In ACM TEI '23: Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction (ACM TEI '23), February 26-March 1, 2023, Warsaw, Poland. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 8 pages
La trasparenza amministrativa tra il diritto di accesso civico e la legge 150/2000
Creators: name: Puoti, Basilio
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: IUS/01 DIRITTO PRIVATO
subject: Trasparenza
subject: Accesso
subject: Comunicazione

description: 2015 - 2016
description: This essay proposes a comparison among three recent topics: the civic access right, the administration transparency and the law on public communication. The main goal of the present study is to prove that, only through a full application of the law 150/2000 and the employment of professional figures like journalists and public relators in public administration, it is possible to realize what the deputy Filippo Turati, in 1908, called “the glass house” in regard to the public administration, an expression which is still in use to indicate the citizen’s need to be granted a wider access to public administration, as a fundamental opportunity of participative action in the civil society. An effective and professional communication about the activities and life in public administrations is the necessary condition to grant transparency and positive finalization of those policies directed to ensure the basic services to citizens. ... [edited by Author]
Irreducible components of varieties of representations I. The local case
Creators: name: Huisgen-Zimmermann, Birge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G10, 16G20, 14M15, 14M20

description: Let $Λ$ be a local truncated path algebra over an algebraically closed field $K$, i.e., $Λ$ is a quotient of a path algebra $KQ$ by the paths of length $L+1$, where $Q$ is the quiver with a single vertex and a finite number of loops and $L$ is a positive integer. For any $d>0$, we determine the irreducible components of the varieties that parametrize the $d$-dimensional representations of $Λ$, namely, the components of the classical affine variety ${\rm\bf{Rep}}_{d}(Λ)$ and -- equivalently -- those of the projective parametrizing variety ${\rm GRASS}_d(Λ)$. Our method is to corner the components by way of a twin pair of upper semicontinuous maps from ${\rm\bf{Rep}}_{d}(Λ)$ to a poset consisting of sequences of semisimple modules. An excerpt of the main result is as follows. Given a sequence ${\bf S} = ({\bf S}_0, ..., {\bf S}_L)$ of semisimple modules with $\dim \bigoplus_{0 \le l \le L} {\bf S}_l = d$, let ${\rm\bf{Rep}}\, {\bf S}$ be the subvariety of ${\rm\bf{Rep}}_{d}(Λ)$ consisting of the points that parametrize the modules with radical layering ${\bf S}$. (The radical layering of a $Λ$-module $M$ is the sequence $\bigl(J^l M / J^{l+1} M\bigr)_{0 \le l \le L}$, where $J$ is the Jacobson radical of $Λ$.) Suppose the quiver $Q$ has $r \ge 2$ loops. If $d \le L+1$, the variety ${\rm\bf{Rep}}_{d}(Λ)$ is irreducible. If, on the other hand, $d > L+1$, then the irreducible components of ${\rm\bf{Rep}}_{d}(Λ)$ are the closures of the subvarieties ${\rm\bf{Rep}}\, {\bf S}$ for those sequences ${\bf S}$ which satisfy the inequalities $\dim {\bf S}_l \le r \dim {\bf S}_{l+1}$ and $\dim {\bf S}_{l+1} \le r \dim {\bf S}_l$ for $0 \le l < L$. As a byproduct, the main result provides generic information on the modules corresponding to the irreducible components of the parametrizing varieties.
Inverse Design of All-dielectric Metasurfaces with Bound States in the Continuum
Creators: name: Gladyshev, Sergei
name: Karamanos, Theodosios D.
name: Kuhn, Lina
name: Beutel, Dominik
name: Weiss, Thomas
name: Rockstuhl, Carsten
name: Bogdanov, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metasurfaces with bound states in the continuum (BICs) have proven to be a powerful platform for drastically enhancing light-matter interactions, improving biosensing, and precisely manipulating near- and far-fields. However, engineering metasurfaces to provide an on-demand spectral and angular position for a BIC remains a prime challenge. A conventional solution involves a fine adjustment of geometrical parameters, requiring multiple time-consuming calculations. In this work, to circumvent such tedious processes, we develop a physics-inspired, inverse design method on all-dielectric metasurfaces for an on-demand spectral and angular position of a BIC. Our suggested method predicts the core-shell particles that constitute the unit cell of the metasurface, while considering practical limitations on geometry and available materials. Our method is based on a smart combination of a semi-analytical solution, for predicting the required dipolar Mie coefficients of the meta-atom, and a machine learning algorithm, for finding a practical design of the meta-atom that provides these Mie coefficients. Although our approach is exemplified in designing a metasurface sustaining a BIC, it can, also, be applied to many more objective functions. With that, we pave the way toward a general framework for the inverse design of metasurfaces in specific and nanophotonic structures in general.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, Supplementary Material
Changing Marketing Patterns for Domestic Tree Nuts
Creators: name: Powell, Jules V.
name: Powell, Jules V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Almonds
subject: filberts
subject: pecans
subject: walnuts
subject: tree nuts
subject: marketing outlets
subject: distribution

description: During the period 1960-1973 total production of domestic tree nuts nearly doubled and the value of production more than tripled. Pecans, walnuts, and almonds each comprise about 30 percent of the total production; filberts and Macadamia nuts account for the remainder. Marketing agencies have declined in number but increased in size during the past 13 years. Marketing channels and outlets have remained about the same, except that prepared dry cereals are a new outlet for almonds and pecans, and gift packs have become more important for all tree nuts.
description: Reprinted from The Fruit Situation • March 1975
Fast particle acceleration in 3D hybrid simulations of quasi-perpendicular shocks
Creators: name: Orusa, Luca
name: Caprioli, Damiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the conditions conducive to particle acceleration at collisionless, non-relativistic shocks is important for the origin of cosmic rays. We use hybrid (kinetic ions -- fluid electrons) kinetic simulations to investigate particle acceleration and magnetic field amplification at non-relativistic, weakly magnetized, quasi-perpendicular shocks. So far, no self-consistent kinetic simulation has reported non-thermal tails at quasi-perpendicular shocks. Unlike 2D simulations, 3D runs show that protons develop a non-thermal tail spontaneously (i.e., from the thermal bath and without pre-existing magnetic turbulence). They are rapidly accelerated via shock drift acceleration up to a maximum energy determined by their escape upstream. We discuss the implications of our results for the phenomenology of heliospheric shocks, supernova remnants and radio supernovae.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Matches version published by PRL, Editors' Suggestion
Additional file 1 of Ca2+-activated mitochondrial biogenesis and functions improve stem cell fate in Rg3-treated human mesenchymal stem cells
Creators: name: Taeui Hong
name: Kim, Moon Young
name: Ly, Dat Da
name: Park, Su Jung
name: Eom, Young Woo
name: Park, Kyu-Sang
name: Baik, Soon Koo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Supplementary Fig. S1. Rg3 activates cell signaling and mitochondrial biogenesis. (A) Transcriptional regulations of main regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC1α) and antioxidant enzymes (SOD2 and catalase) by Rg3 were measured by quantitative PCR. (B, C) Effects of acute (1 h; B) and chronic (5 days; C) exposure of Rg3 on AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) activation. Data are presented as means ± SEMs, * P
Towards practical Quantum Credit Risk Analysis
Creators: name: Dri, Emanuele
name: Giusto, Edoardo
name: Aita, Antonello
name: Montrucchio, Bartolomeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, a CRA (Credit Risk Analysis) quantum algorithm with a quadratic speedup over classical analogous methods has been introduced. We propose a new variant of this quantum algorithm with the intent of overcoming some of the most significant limitations (according to business domain experts) of this approach. In particular, we describe a method to implement a more realistic and complex risk model for the default probability of each portfolio's asset, capable of taking into account multiple systemic risk factors. In addition, we present a solution to increase the flexibility of one of the model's inputs, the Loss Given Default, removing the constraint to use integer values. This specific improvement addresses the need to use real data coming from the financial sector in order to establish fair benchmarking protocols. Although these enhancements come at a cost in terms of circuit depth and width, they nevertheless show a path towards a more realistic software solution. Recent progress in quantum technology shows that eventually, the increase in the number and reliability of qubits will allow for useful results and meaningful scales for the financial sector, also on real quantum hardware, paving the way for a concrete quantum advantage in the field. The paper also describes experiments conducted on simulators to test the circuit proposed and contains an assessment of the scalability of the approach presented.
Additional file 1 of Ringworm in calves: risk factors, improved molecular diagnosis, and therapeutic efficacy of an Aloe vera gel extract
Creators: name: Tartor, Yasmine H.
name: El-Neshwy, Wafaa M.
name: Merwad, Abdallah M. A.
name: El-Maati, Mohamed F. Abo
name: Rehab E. Mohamed
name: Dahshan, Hesham M.
name: Mahmoud, Hala I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Mean MICs ± SD, MIC range, MIC50, and MIC90 values of antifungal drugs for T. verrucosum and T. mentagrophytes isolates.
A Look at Profits in Food Marketing, 1951-72
Creators: name: Wesson, William T.
name: Wesson, William T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: After-tax profits
subject: food marketing
subject: food processing
subject: wholesaling
subject: retailing
subject: eating and drinking places

description: This publication presents data for 1951-72 on after-tax profits of U.S. corporation[s] primarily engaged in food marketing by absolute amount, relative to sales, by subsector (processor, wholesaler, retailer, and eating and drinking places), and by asset size of firm. The level, variation, and trends in profits are also presented.
Influence of local symmetry on lattice dynamics coupled to topological surface states
Creators: name: Sobota, Jonathan A.
name: Teitelbaum, Samuel W.
name: Huang, Yijing
name: Querales-Flores, José D.
name: Power, Robert
name: Allen, Meabh
name: Rotundu, Costel R.
name: Bailey, Trevor P.
name: Uher, Ctirad
name: Henighan, Tom
name: Jiang, Mason
name: Zhu, Diling
name: Chollet, Matthieu
name: Sato, Takahiro
name: Trigo, Mariano
name: Murray, Éamonn D.
name: Savić, Ivana
name: Kirchmann, Patrick S.
name: Fahy, Stephen
name: Reis, David. A.
name: Shen, Zhi-Xun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate coupled electron-lattice dynamics in the topological insulator Bi2Te3 with time-resolved photoemission and time-resolved x-ray diffraction. It is well established that coherent phonons can be launched by optical excitation, but selection rules generally restrict these modes to zone-center wavevectors and Raman-active branches. We find that the topological surface state couples to additional modes, including a continuum of surface-projected bulk modes from both Raman- and infrared-branches, with possible contributions from surface-localized modes when they exist. Our calculations show that this surface vibrational spectrum occurs naturally as a consequence of the translational and inversion symmetries broken at the surface, without requiring the splitting-off of surface-localized phonon modes. The generality of this result suggests that coherent phonon spectra are useful by providing unique fingerprints for identifying surface states in more controversial materials. These effects may also expand the phase space for tailoring surface state wavefunctions via ultrafast optical excitation.
Human-centered AI Systems Engineering: Konzeption und Implementierung von KI-Systemen in menschzentrierten Datenökosystemen
Creators: name: Kortum-Landwehr, Henrik
Publisher: name: Universität Osnabrück
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Künstliche Intelligenz
subject: Datenökosysteme
subject: Menschzentrierung
subject: Vertrauenswürdigkeit
subject: Regulierung
subject: Systementwicklung
subject: 330 - Wirtschaft
subject: 004 - Informatik

description: Die Entwicklung von KI-Systemen erfolgt oft innerhalb komplexer Datenökosysteme, in denen verschiedene Akteure miteinander interagieren und Daten austauschen. Eine solche akteursübergreifende Entwicklung birgt großes Potenzial, aber auch Herausforderungen, insbesondere wenn der Mensch als zentraler Akteur und Anwender der KI-Systeme im Mittelpunkt steht. In diesem Spannungsfeld nehmen Aspekte wie Nicht-Diskriminierung, Erklärbarkeit, Transparenz und Vertrauen einen hohen Stellenwert ein. KI-Systeme sollten daher auf den Menschen ausgerichtet sein, um ethische Standards zu erfüllen, nicht zuletzt auch, um einer zunehmenden Regulierung durch die Europäische Union zu begegnen, welche die Gestaltung und Nutzung von KI-Technologien in Europa maßgeblich beeinflussen wird. Aus den zuvor skizzierten Sachverhalten erwächst die Fragestellung, wie KI-Systeme in menschzentrierten Datenökosystemen konzipiert, entwickelt und eingesetzt werden können, um einerseits Mehrwerte für die Gesamtheit einer pluralistischen Gesellschaft zu erzielen, andererseits aber auch, um den Bedürfnissen und Rechten jedes Einzelnen Genüge zu tun. Diese Dissertation liefert eine Antwort auf diese Frage, indem sie das Engineering von KI-Systemen in Datenökosystemen untersucht und Ansätze zu deren menschzentrierter Gestaltung hervorbringt.
Additional file 2 of Ringworm in calves: risk factors, improved molecular diagnosis, and therapeutic efficacy of an Aloe vera gel extract
Creators: name: Tartor, Yasmine H.
name: El-Neshwy, Wafaa M.
name: Merwad, Abdallah M. A.
name: El-Maati, Mohamed F. Abo
name: Rehab E. Mohamed
name: Dahshan, Hesham M.
name: Mahmoud, Hala I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Scoring of ringworm lesions in calves according to Moriello et al. 2004; Lund and DeBoer, 2008; and Balikci et al. 2016.
Gravitational waves from walls bounded by strings in $SO(10)$ model of pseudo-Goldstone dark matter
Creators: name: Maji, Rinku
name: Park, Wan-Il
name: Shafi, Qaisar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the gravitational wave spectrum generated by string-wall structures in an $SO(10)$ ($Spin(10)$) based scenario of pseudo-Goldstone boson dark matter (pGDM) particle. This dark matter candidate is a linear combination of the Standard Model (SM) singlets present in the 126 and 16 dimensional Higgs fields. The Higgs $126$-plet vacuum expectation value (VEV) $\left<126_H\right>$ leaves unbroken the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ subgroup of $\mathbb{Z}_4$, the center of $SO(10)$. Among other things, this yields topologically stable cosmic strings with a string tension $μ\sim \left<126_H\right>^2$. The subsequent (spontaneous) breaking of $\mathbb{Z}_2$ at a significantly lower scale by the $16$-plet VEV $\left<16_H\right>$ leads to the appearance of domain walls bounded by the strings produced earlier. We display the gravitational wave spectrum for $G μ$ values varying between $10^{-15}$ and $10^{-9}$ ($\left<126_H\right>\sim 10^{11}$ - $10^{14}$ GeV), and $\left<16_H\right>\sim 0.1$ - $10^2$ TeV range ($G$ denotes Newton's constant.) These predictions can be tested, as we show, by a variety of (proposed) experiments including LISA, ET, CE and others.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, version published in PLB
Seasonality and Objective Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour among Older Adults from Four European Countries
Creators: name: Martins, João
name: Masoumi, Houshmand
name: Loureiro, Vânia
name: Gomes, Margarida
name: Ratinho, Fortunata
name: Ribeiro, Tiago
name: Mehriar, Melika
name: Rakovac, Marija
name: Šentija, Davor
name: Bahr, Andrzej
name: Tomczyk, Marta
name: Dynowski, Wojciech
name: Solinas, Roberto
name: Pirina, Maria Grazia
name: Coradduzza, Donatella
name: Boccuzzi, Giannangelo
name: Çağan, Birol
name: Dalcı, Ahmet
name: Papageorgiou, Athanasios
name: Smaga, Soultana
name: Parisopoulos, Georgios
name: Patsakas, Georgios
name: Meimaridis, Ioannis
name: Loureiro, Nuno
name: Marques, Adilson
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::300 Sozialwissenschaften
subject: seasonality
subject: physical activity
subject: sedentary behaviour
subject: health
subject: elderly

description: Objective: The present study aimed to explore the relationship between objective physical activity and sedentary behaviour with seasonality among a sample of older adults living in four European countries. Methods: A sample of 169 older adults living in Croatia, Greece, Portugal, and Poland (mean age = 72.2 ± 6.0, 68% female) had valid objective physical activity and sedentary behaviour data collected in different seasons of the year: spring and autumn/winter. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour were collected with accelerometers (ActiGraph, GT3X), over 7 consecutive days, in both periods. A valid record was defined as at least two weekdays and one weekend day with 10 hours of wearing time. Analyses were performed with IBM SPSS 28.0, using t-test, ANOVA, and binary logistic regressions. Results: Most older adults from the four countries met the physical activity guidelines in spring and autumn/winter. No significant variations were found across seasons for sedentary behaviour and physical activity both for light and vigorous intensity, regardless of sex, country, education, and body mass index (BMI). A decline in moderate physical activity intensity from spring to autumn/winter was found for those with lower education and higher BMI. Conclusion: The promotion of physical activity must be considered in programs to promote healthy aging throughout the year, especially considering the moderate intensity and those populations with higher BMI and lower educational levels.
Making $\textsf{IP}=\textsf{PSPACE}$ Practical: Efficient Interactive Protocols for BDD Algorithms
Creators: name: Couillard, Eszter
name: Czerner, Philipp
name: Esparza, Javier
name: Majumdar, Rupak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that interactive protocols between a prover and a verifier, a well-known tool of complexity theory, can be used in practice to certify the correctness of automated reasoning tools. Theoretically, interactive protocols exist for all $\textsf{PSPACE}$ problems. The verifier of a protocol checks the prover's answer to a problem instance in probabilistic polynomial time, with polynomially many bits of communication, and with exponentially small probability of error. (The prover may need exponential time.) Existing interactive protocols are not used in practice because their provers use naive algorithms, inefficient even for small instances, that are incompatible with practical implementations of automated reasoning. We bridge the gap between theory and practice by means of an interactive protocol whose prover uses BDDs. We consider the problem of counting the number of assignments to a QBF instance ($\#\textrm{CP}$), which has a natural BDD-based algorithm. We give an interactive protocol for $\#\textrm{CP}$ whose prover is implemented on top of an extended BDD library. The prover has only a linear overhead in computation time over the natural algorithm. We have implemented our protocol in $\textsf{blic}$, a certifying tool for $\#\textrm{CP}$. Experiments on standard QBF benchmarks show that $\textsf{blic}$ is competitive with state-of-the-art QBF-solvers. The run time of the verifier is negligible. While loss of absolute certainty can be concerning, the error probability in our experiments is at most $10^{-10}$ and reduces to $10^{-10k}$ by repeating the verification $k$ times.
Fast equilibrium reconstruction by deep learning on EAST tokamak
Creators: name: Lu, Jingjing
name: Hu, Youjun
name: Xiang, Nong
name: Sun, Youwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A deep neural network is developed and trained on magnetic measurements (input) and EFIT poloidal magnetic flux (output) on the EAST tokamak. In optimizing the network architecture, we use automatic optimization in searching for the best hyperparameters, which helps the model generalize better. We compare the inner magnetic surfaces and last-closed-flux surfaces (LCFSs) with those from EFIT. We also calculated the normalized internal inductance, which is completely determined by the poloidal magnetic flux and can further reflect the accuracy of the prediction. The time evolution of the internal inductance in full discharges is compared with that provided by EFIT. All of the comparisons show good agreement, demonstrating the accuracy of the machine learning model, which has the high spatial resolution as the off-line EFIT while still meets the time constraint of real-time control.
Birthday suits
Creators: name: Hart, Siobhan Grace
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2024

description: Birthday Suits explores the way comedy and tragedy heighten one another, vacillating quickly in tone and register across four sections. Comedy, here, is expressed through the colloquial voice, jokes and bits, and anecdotes. Tragedy is taken loosely: rendered through dramatic monologue, exaggerated personas, and ‘acting out’ scenarios.Birthday Suits is broadly concerned with costume, masking, and staging as these concepts relate to disability, the aftermath of sexual and domestic violence, genderqueerness, and sexuality. First ruminating on audience and performance, the poems reckon with the sensation of being on stage, constantly perceived and judged, magnified by the spotlight of trauma. With this context, the following section investigates the speaker’s use of mask and costume over time as they relate to gender expression and Sapphism.The third section grows tense as the speaker becomes increasingly frustrated with their desire to ‘role-play,’ or reenact, traumatic moments from their life. Birthday Suits ends with an examination of how experiences with death and the unruly body might disrupt these performances—or create ones of their own.Through clipped lines, disjointed syntax and register, and loosely ekphrastic responses, Birthday Suits engages in a broader conversation with other lesbian and trans poets and artists. It is a reckoning with the ways we “play out” our lives and how prescribed roles—and attempts to break free from them—might cause harm; even, and especially, with the people we most trust.
X-ray morphology due to charge-exchange emissions used to study the global structure around Mars
Creators: name: Liang, G. Y.
name: Sun, T. R.
name: Lu, H. Y.
name: Zhu, X. L.
name: Wu, Y.
name: Li, S. B.
name: Wei, H. G.
name: Yuan, D. W.
name: Cui, W.
name: Ma, X. W.
name: Zhao, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft x-ray emissions induced by solar wind ions that collide with neutral material in the solar system have been detected around planets, and were proposed as a remote probe for the solar wind interaction with the Martian exosphere. A multi-fluid three-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamic model is adopted to derive the global distributions of solar wind particles. Spherically symmetric exospheric H, H$_2$, He, O, and CO$_2$ density profiles and a sophisticated hybrid model that includes charge-exchange and proton/neutral excitation processes are used to study the low triplet line ratio $G=\frac{i+f}{r}$ (0.77$\pm$0.58) of O VII and total x-ray luminosity around Mars. We further calculate the emission factor $α$-value with different neutrals over a wide ion abundance and velocity ranges. Our results are in good agreement with those of previous reports. The evolution of the charge stage of solar wind ions shows that sequential recombination due to charge-exchange can be negligible at the interaction region. This only appears below the altitude of 400~km. The anonymous low disk $G$ ratio can be easily explained by the collisional quenching effect at neutral densities higher than 10$^{11}$cm$^{-3}$. However, the quenching contribution is small in Mars' exosphere and only appears below 400~km. Charge-exchange with H$_2$ and N$_2$ is still the most likely reason for this low $G$-ratio. X-ray emissivity maps in collisions with different neutrals differ from each other. A clear bow shock in the collision with all the neutrals is in accordance with previous reports. The resulting total x-ray luminosity of 6.55~MW shows a better agreement with the XMM-Newton observation of 12.8$\pm$1.4~MW than that of previous predictions.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures; Accpted by ApJ
The MeerKAT Fornax Survey II. The rapid removal of HI from dwarf galaxies in the Fornax cluster
Creators: name: Kleiner, D.
name: Serra, P.
name: Maccagni, F. M.
name: Raj, M. A.
name: de Blok, W. J. G.
name: Józsa, G. I. G.
name: Kamphuis, P.
name: Kraan-Korteweg, R.
name: Loi, F.
name: Loni, A.
name: Loubser, S. I.
name: Molnár, D. Cs.
name: Oosterloo, T. A.
name: Peletier, R.
name: Pisano, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present MeerKAT Fornax Survey atomic hydrogen (HI) observations of the dwarf galaxies located in the central ~2.5 x 4 deg$^2$ of the Fornax galaxy cluster. The HI images presented in this work have a $3σ$ column density sensitivity between 2.7 and 50 x 10$^{18}$ cm$^{-2}$ over 25 km s$^{-1}$ for spatial resolution between 4 and 1 kpc. We are able to detect an impressive MHI = 5 x 10$^{5}$ Msun 3$σ$ point source with a line width of 50 km s$^{-1}$ at a distance of 20 Mpc. We detect HI in 17 out of the 304 dwarfs in our field -- 14 out of the 36 late type dwarfs (LTDs), and 3 of the 268 early type dwarfs (ETDs). The HI-detected LTDs have likely just joined the cluster and are on their first infall as they are located at large clustocentric radii, with comparable MHI and mean stellar surface brightness at fixed luminosity as blue, star-forming LTDs in the field. The HI-detected ETDs have likely been in the cluster longer than the LTDs and acquired their HI through a recent merger or accretion from nearby HI. Eight of the HI-detected LTDs host irregular or asymmetric HI emission and disturbed or lopsided stellar emission. There are two clear cases of ram-pressure shaping the HI, with the LTDs displaying compressed HI on the side closest to the cluster centre and a one-sided, starless tail pointing away from the cluster centre. The HI-detected dwarfs avoid the most massive potentials, consistent with massive galaxies playing an active role in the removal of HI. We create a simple toy model to quantify the timescale of HI stripping in the cluster. We find that a MHI = 10$^{8}$ Msun dwarf will be stripped in ~ 240 Myr. The model is consistent with our observations, where low mass LTDs are directly stripped of their HI from a single encounter and more massive LTDs can harbour a disturbed HI morphology due to longer times or multiple encounters being required to fully strip their HI.
description: Accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 21 pages, 10 figures. Data available at the MeerKAT Fornax Survey website https://sites.google.com/inaf.it/meerkatfornaxsurvey
Additional file 1 of A comprehensive overview of metaplastic breast cancer: clinical features and molecular aberrations
Creators: name: Tejaswini P. Reddy
name: Rosato, Roberto R.
name: Xiaoxian Li
name: Moulder, Stacy
name: Piwnica-Worms, Helen
name: Chang, Jenny C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary information.
Additional file 1 of Relationship between mothers’ enjoyment and sedentary behavior and physical activity of mother–child dyads using a movement-to-music video program: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Tuominen, Pipsa P. A.
name: Raitanen, Jani
name: Husu, Pauliina
name: Luoto, Riitta M.
name: Kujala, Urho M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
The Role of RNA Condensation in Reducing Gene Expression Noise
Creators: name: Mayer, Alex
name: McLaughlin, Grace
name: Cole, Sierra
name: Gladfelter, Amy
name: Roper, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Biomolecular condensates have been shown to play a fundamental role in localizing biochemistry in a cell. RNA is a common constituent of condensates, and can determine their biophysical properties. Functions of biomolecular condensates are varied including activating, inhibiting, and localizing reactions. Recent theoretical work has shown that the phase separation of proteins into droplets can diminish cell to cell variability in protein abundance. However, the extent to which phase separation involving mRNAs may also buffer noise has yet to be explored. In this paper, we introduce a phenomenological model for the phase separation of mRNAs into RNP condensates, and quantify noise suppression as a function of gene expression kinetic parameters. Through stochastic simulations, we highlight the ability for condensates formed from just a handful of mRNAs to regulate the abundance and suppress the fluctuations of proteins. We place particular emphasis on how this mechanism can facilitate efficient transcription by reducing noise even in the situation of infrequent bursts of transcription by exploiting the physics of a concentration-dependent, deterministic phase separation threshold. We investigate two biologically relevant models in which phase separation acts to either "buffer" noise by storing mRNA in inert droplets, or "filter" phase separated mRNAs by accelerating their decay, and quantify expression noise as a function of kinetic parameters. In either case the most efficient expression occurs when bursts produce mRNAs close the phase separation threshold, which we find to be broadly consistent with observations of an RNP-droplet forming cyclinin multinucleate Ashbya gossypii cells. We finally consider the contribution of noise in the phase separation threshold, and show that protein copy number noise can be suppressed by phase separation threshold fluctuations in certain conditions.
COMPLETE: A flagship mission for complete understanding of 3D coronal magnetic energy release
Creators: name: Caspi, Amir
name: Seaton, Daniel B.
name: Casini, Roberto
name: Downs, Cooper
name: Gibson, Sarah E.
name: Gilbert, Holly
name: Glesener, Lindsay
name: Guidoni, Silvina E.
name: Hughes, J. Marcus
name: McKenzie, David
name: Plowman, Joseph
name: Reeves, Katharine K.
name: Saint-Hilaire, Pascal
name: Shih, Albert Y.
name: West, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: COMPLETE is a flagship mission concept combining broadband spectroscopic imaging and comprehensive magnetography from multiple viewpoints around the Sun to enable tomographic reconstruction of 3D coronal magnetic fields and associated dynamic plasma properties, which provide direct diagnostics of energy release. COMPLETE re-imagines the paradigm for solar remote-sensing observations through purposefully co-optimized detectors distributed on multiple spacecraft that operate as a single observatory, linked by a comprehensive data/model assimilation strategy to unify individual observations into a single physical framework. We describe COMPLETE's science goals, instruments, and mission implementation. With targeted investment by NASA, COMPLETE is feasible for launch in 2032 to observe around the maximum of Solar Cycle 26.
description: White paper submitted to the Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033; 10 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Additional file 2 of Relationship between mothers’ enjoyment and sedentary behavior and physical activity of mother–child dyads using a movement-to-music video program: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Tuominen, Pipsa P. A.
name: Raitanen, Jani
name: Husu, Pauliina
name: Luoto, Riitta M.
name: Kujala, Urho M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Improving Multi-Dimensional Data Formats, Access, and Assimilation Tools for the Twenty-First Century
Creators: name: Seaton, Daniel B.
name: Caspi, Amir
name: Casini, Roberto
name: Downs, Cooper
name: Gibson, Sarah E.
name: Gilbert, Holly
name: Glesener, Lindsay
name: Guidoni, Silvina E.
name: Hughes, J. Marcus
name: McKenzie, David
name: Plowman, Joseph
name: Reeves, Katharine K.
name: Saint-Hilaire, Pascal
name: Shih, Albert Y.
name: West, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heliophysics image data largely relies on a forty-year-old ecosystem built on the venerable Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) data standard. While many in situ measurements use newer standards, they are difficult to integrate with multiple data streams required to develop global understanding. Additionally, most data users still engage with data in much the same way as they did decades ago. However, contemporary missions and models require much more complex support for 3D multi-parameter data, robust data assimilation strategies, and integration of multiple individual data streams required to derive complete physical characterizations of the Sun and Heliospheric plasma environment. In this white paper we highlight some of the 21$^\mathsf{st}$ century challenges for data frameworks in heliophysics, consider an illustrative case study, and make recommendations for important steps the field can take to modernize its data products and data usage models. Our specific recommendations include: (1) Investing in data assimilation capability to drive advanced data-constrained models, (2) Investing in new strategies for integrating data across multiple instruments to realize measurements that cannot be produced from single observations, (3) Rethinking old data use paradigms to improve user access, develop deep understanding, and decrease barrier to entry for new datasets, and (4) Investing in research on data formats better suited for multi-dimensional data and cloud-based computing.
description: White paper submitted to the Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033; 9 pages, 3 figures