cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear relaxation field in charged systems under high electric fields
Creators: name: Morawetz, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of an external electric field on the current in charged systems is investigated. The results from the classical hierarchy of density matrices are compared with the results from the quantum kinetic theory. The kinetic theory yields a systematic treatment of the nonlinear current beyond linear response. To this end the dynamically screened and field-dependent Lenard-Balescu equation is integrated analytically and the nonlinear relaxation field is calculated. The classical linear response result known as Debye - Onsager relaxation effect is only obtained if asymmetric screening is assumed. Considering the kinetic equation of one specie the other species have to be screened dynamically while the screening with the same specie itself has to be performed statically. Different other approximations are discussed and compared.
description: language corrections
Non-equilibrium Green's functions and their relation to the negative differential conductance in the interacting resonant level model
Creators: name: Sorantin, Max E.
name: von der Linden, Wolfgang
name: Lucrezi, Roman
name: Arrigoni, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the non-equilibrium single particle Green's functions in the steady state of the interacting resonant level model (IRLM) under the effect of an applied bias voltage. Employing the so-called auxiliary master equation approach, we present accurate nonperturbative results for the non-equilibrium spectral and effective distribution functions, as well as for the current-voltage characteristics. We find a drastic change of these spectral properties between the regimes of low and high bias voltages and discuss the relation of these changes to the negative differential conductance (NDC), a prominent feature in the non-equilibrium IRLM. The anomalous evolution of the distribution function next to the impurity shown by our calculations suggests a mechanism whereby the impurity gets effectively decoupled from the leads at voltages where the NDC sets in, in agreement with previous renormalization group approaches. This scenario is qualitatively confirmed by a Hartree-Fock treatment of the model.
Serological investigation of asymptomatic cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection reveals weak and declining antibody responses
Creators: name: Yang, Yong
name: Wang, Xi
name: Du, Rong-Hui
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Si, Hao-Rui
name: Zhu, Yan
name: Shen, Xu-Rui
name: Li, Qian
name: Li, Bei
name: Men, Dong
name: Zhou, Ya-na
name: Wang, Hui
name: Tong, Xiao-lin
name: Zhang, Xian-en
name: Shi, Zheng-Li
name: Zhou, Peng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Without an effective vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, the build-up of herd immunity through natural infection has been suggested as a means to control COVID-19. Although population immunity is typically estimated by the serological investigation of recovered patients, humoral immunity in asymptomatic subjects has not been well studied, although they represent a large proportion of all SARS-CoV-2 infection cases. In this study, we conducted a serosurvey of asymptomatic infections among food workers and performed serological and cellular response analyses of asymptomatic subjects in Wuhan, the original epicenter of the COVID-19 outbreak. Our data showed that up to 5.91% of the food workers carried SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies asymptomatically; however, in 90.4% of them, the antibody level declined over a 2-week period. IgM and IgG antibodies, including neutralizing antibodies, were significantly lower in asymptomatic subjects than in recovered symptomatic patients with similar disease courses. Furthermore, the asymptomatic subjects showed lymphopenia and a prominent decrease in the B-cell population, as well as a low frequency of antibody-secreting cells and a low cytokine response. These factors probably contributed to the low and unsustained antibody levels in asymptomatic subjects. Our results show that asymptomatic subjects are likely to be vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 reinfection, and neither the proportion of population immunity nor the breadth of immune responses is sufficient for herd immunity.
Pseudogaps in Underdoped Cuprates
Creators: name: Lee, Patrick A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has become clear in the past several years that the cuprates show many unusual properties, both in the normal and superconducting states, especially in the underdoped region. In particular, gap-like behavior is observed in magnetic properties, c-axis conductivity and photoemission, whereas in-plane transport properties are only slightly affected by the pseudogap. I shall argue that these experimental evidences must be viewed in the context of the physics of a doped Mott insulator and that they support the notion of spin charge separation. I shall review recent theoretical developments, concentrating on studies based on the t-J model. I shall describe a model based on quasiparticle excitations, which predicts the doping dependence of T_c and anomalous energy-gap-to-T_c ratios. Finally, I shall outline how the model may be derived from a microscopic formulation of the t-J model. After a brief review of the U(1) formulation, I shall explain some of the difficulties encountered there, and how a new SU(2) formulation can resolve some of the difficulties.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Relevance, Pathogenesis, and Testing Algorithm for Mismatch Repair–Defective Colorectal Carcinomas
Creators: name: Monzon, Federico A.
name: Ogino, Shuji
name: Nowak, Jan A.
name: Evans, James P.
name: Lubin, Ira M.
name: Funkhouser, William K.
name: Zehnbauer, Barbara A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Loss-of-function defects in DNA mismatch repair (MMR), which manifest as high levels of microsatellite instability (MSI), occur in approximately 15% of all colorectal carcinomas (CRCs). This molecular subset of CRC characterizes patients with better stage-specific prognoses who experience no benefit from 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Most MMR-deficient (dMMR) CRCs are sporadic, but 15% to 20% are due to inherited predisposition (Lynch syndrome). High penetrance of CRCs in germline MMR gene mutation carriers emphasizes the importance of accurate diagnosis of Lynch syndrome carriers. Family-based (Amsterdam), patient/family-based (Bethesda), morphology-based, microsatellite-based, and IHC-based screening criteria do not individually detect all germline mutation carriers. These limitations support the use of multiple concurrent tests and the screening of all patients with newly diagnosed CRC. This approach is resource intensive but would increase detection of inherited and de novo germline mutations to guide family screening. Although CRC prognosis and prediction of 5-fluorouracil response are similar in both the Lynch and sporadic dMMR subgroups, these subgroups differ significantly with regard to the implications for family members. We recommend that new CRCs should be classified into sporadic MMR-proficient, sporadic dMMR, or Lynch dMMR subgroups. The concurrent use of MSI testing, MMR protein IHC, and BRAF c.1799T>A mutation analysis would detect almost all dMMR CRCs, would classify 94% of all new CRCs into these MMR subgroups, and would guide secondary molecular testing of the remainder.
Onthophagus (Onthophagus) dlabolai Balthasar 1964
Creators: name: Bezděk, Aleš
name: Hájek, Jiří
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Onthophagus
Onthophagus dlabolai

description: Onthophagus (Onthophagus) dlabolai Balthasar, 1964
 Onthophagus (s. str.) dlabolai Balthasar, 1964b: 290.
The holotype is deposited in NMPC (ex coll. V. Balthasar):
HOLOTYPE (J): ‘Africa or. / Katona [p] // Arusha-Ju / 1905. XII. [p] // Onthophagus (s.str.) / dlabolai n.sp. / J Balth. 63 [hw] / Holotypus [p, orange label]’.
 Current status. Valid species.
description: Published as part of Bezděk, Aleš & Hájek, Jiří, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of beetles (Coleoptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 387-442 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (1) on page 404, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5739743
Vortices observed and to be observed
Creators: name: Volovik, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Linear defects are generic in continuous media. In quantum systems they appear as topological line defects which are associated with a circulating persistent current. In relativistic quantum vacuum they are known as cosmic strings, in superconductors as quantized flux lines, and in superfluids and low-density atomic Bose-Einstein condensates as quantized vortex lines. We discuss unconventional vortices in unconventional superfluids and superconductors, which have been observed or have to be observed, such as continuous singly and doubly quantized vortices in 3He-A and chiral Bose condensates; half-quantum vortices (Alice strings) in 3He-A and in nonchiral Bose condensates; Abrikosov vortices with fractional magnetic flux in chiral and d-wave superconductors; vortex sheets in 3He-A and chiral superconductors; the nexus -- combined object formed by vortices and monopoles. Some properties of vortices related to fermionic quasiparticles living in the vortex core are also discussed.
description: LaTeX JLTP style, 10 pages, no figures, prepared for Proccedings of International Symposium on Quantum Fluids and Solids (QFS 2000), Minnesota, June 6-11 (2000), final version
Alfvénic gap eigenmode in a linear plasma with ending magnetic throats
Creators: name: Chang, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To guide the experimental design of a linear plasma device for studying the interaction between energetic ions and Alfvénic gap eigenmode (AGE), this work computes AGE referring to fusion conditions in a ultra-long large plasma cylinder ended with strong magnetic throats for axial confinement of charged particles. It is shown that: (i) for uniform equilibrium field between the ending throats, the dispersion relation of computed wave field agrees well with a simple analytical model for shear Alfvénic mode; (ii) for periodic equilibrium field with local defect, clear AGE is formed inside spectral gap for both low and high depths of magnetic throats, although lower depth yields easier observation. The strongest AGE can be in order of $3.1\times10^{-4}$ to equilibrium field, making it conveniently measurable in experiment. The AGE is a standing wave localized around the defect which is introduced to break the system's periodicity, and its wavelength is twice the system's period, consistent with Bragg's law. Parameter scan reveals that the AGE remains nearly the same when the number of magnetic ripples is reduced from $18$ to $8$, however, there occurs an upward frequency shift when the depth of magnetic ripples drops from $0.5$ to $0.1$, possibly due to a flute-like effect: shrinking resonant cavity of spectral gap.
Public Health Workforce Taxonomy
Creators: name: Leep, Carolyn J.
name: Tilson, Hugh H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Thoroughly characterizing and continuously monitoring the public health workforce is necessary for ensuring capacity to deliver public health services. A prerequisite for this is to develop a standardized methodology for classifying public health workers, permitting valid comparisons across agencies and over time, which does not exist for the public health workforce. An expert working group, all of whom are authors on this paper, was convened during 2012-2014 to develop a public health workforce taxonomy. The purpose of the taxonomy is to facilitate the systematic characterization of all public health workers while delineating a set of minimum data elements to be used in workforce surveys. The taxonomy will improve the comparability across surveys, assist with estimating duplicate counting of workers, provide a framework for describing the size and composition of the workforce, and address other challenges to workforce enumeration. The taxonomy consists of 12 axes, with each axis describing a key characteristic of public health workers. Within each axis are multiple categories, and sometimes subcategories, that further define that worker characteristic. The workforce taxonomy axes are occupation, workplace setting, employer, education, licensure, certification, job tasks, program area, public health specialization area, funding source, condition of employment, and demographics. The taxonomy is not intended to serve as a replacement for occupational classifications but rather is a tool for systematically categorizing worker characteristics. The taxonomy will continue to evolve as organizations implement it and recommend ways to improve this tool for more accurate workforce data collection.
Additional file 8: of Genetic diversity of the Thao people of Taiwan using Y-chromosome, mitochondrial DNA and HLA gene systems
Creators: name: Trejaut, Jean
name: Muyard, Frank
name: Lai, Ying-Hui
name: Lan-Rong Chen
name: Zong-Sian Chen
name: Jun-Hun Loo
name: Huang, Jin-Yuan
name: Lin, Marie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Proposed model for simulation of migration and admixture. AN: Austronesian speakers; NRY: Non-recombining Y chromosome. 1. End of Pleistocene (before 15,000 YBP: O3 is primarily seen in Eastern China, O1 in SEA and O2 in Indochina). 2. Local Expansion of mtDNA and NRY haplogroups into subtypes (examples: O1 to O1a*M119, O1a1*P203 and O1a2-M50). 3. Austronesian speakers in Taiwan (Between 6000 and 4000 YBP). Aborigines plains peoples in the western plains and mountain peoples share the same NRY and mtDNA gene pools. Most carry NRY haplogroup O1a1*P203. 1. First Mainland gene flow with the introduction of NRY O3, A, C, and other Y haplogroups. At that time the Thao were a plains people beginning their migration towards the central mountain range. 2. Thao complete male isolation, and mtDNA sharing (with Bunun and Tsou) until the present days. 3. 400 YBP, Chinese migration to Taiwan. 4. The Taiwan plains peoples have been heavily sinicized. Through successive relocations, the Thao escaped contact from mainland gene flow. The Thao people represent the last plains people who successfully conserved their Austronesian culture and ancestral genome. They only recently emerged from extinction and are now expanding in the area around Sun Moon Lake in the central Taiwan mountain range). (PDF 350 kb)
Coupled Potts models: Self-duality and fixed point structure
Creators: name: Dotsenko, Vladimir
name: Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke
name: Lewis, Marc-Andre
name: Picco, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider q-state Potts models coupled by their energy operators. Restricting our study to self-dual couplings, numerical simulations demonstrate the existence of non-trivial fixed points for 2 <= q <= 4. These fixed points were first predicted by perturbative renormalisation group calculations. Accurate values for the central charge and the multiscaling exponents of the spin and energy operators are calculated using a series of novel transfer matrix algorithms employing clusters and loops. These results compare well with those of the perturbative expansion, in the range of parameter values where the latter is valid. The criticality of the fixed-point models is independently verified by examining higher eigenvalues in the even sector, and by demonstrating the existence of scaling laws from Monte Carlo simulations. This might be a first step towards the identification of the conformal field theories describing the critical behaviour of this class of models.
description: 70 pages; 17 tables and 15 figures in text. Improved numerics; Formula (3.16) and Table 2 corrected
Additional file 1: of Time dependent response of daunorubicin on cytotoxicity, cell cycle and DNA repair in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Creators: name: Al-Aamri, Hussain
name: Ku, Heng
name: Irving, Helen
name: Tucci, Joseph
name: Meehan-Andrews, Terri
name: Bradley, Christopher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S1. Examples of histograms used for the ROS assay. Illustrative histograms obtained from (A) MOLT-4, (B) CCRF-CEM, and (C) SUP-B15 cell lines. Figure S2. Examples of histograms used for the gamma H2AX assay. Illustrative histograms obtained from (A) MOLT-4, (B) CCRF-CEM, and (C) SUP-B15 cell lines. Table S1. Primers used to amplify the ATM cDNA. Table S2. PCR conditions for the different primer sets to amplify ATM. (PDF 286 kb)
Additional file 2 of Aiduqing formula inhibits breast cancer metastasis by suppressing TAM/CXCL1-induced Treg differentiation and infiltration
Creators: name: Li, Jing
name: Wang, Shengqi
name: Wang, Neng
name: Zheng, Yifeng
name: Yang, Bowen
name: Wang, Xuan
name: Zhang, Juping
name: Pan, Bo
name: Wang, Zhiyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary figures 1. (The effect of ADQ on Th1 cell infiltration in the TME of mammary tumors), 2 (The effect of ADQ on the expression levels of iNOS and ARG1 in mammary tumor tissues was detected by Western blot assay), 3 (The effect of TAM-derived CXCL1 on the growth and metastasis of the co-injected breast cancer cells in the zebrafish breast cancer xenotransplantation model) and Supplementary Table 1. (ADQ exhibited no noticeable hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, or hematotoxicity in vivo).
Internal migration and settlement patterns in Australia's regional urban centres
Creators: name: Li, T
name: Denham, Todd
name: Dodson, J
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4410
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 4403
subject: Demography
classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4406
subject: Human geography

description: The distribution of population between metropolitan regions and their rural counterparts is a topic of interest, due to the growth pressures in large cities and areas of decline in some, typically remote regions. In Australia, fostering population growth in regional urban centres (RUCs) has been a long-term goal of government policy. Understanding the different profiles, structures, and population dynamics of Australia's RUCs is critical in informing Australian regional development, as well as factors in regional population dynamics in general. This research is focused on patterns of population change through internal migration across Australian RUCs. In addition to a detailed spatial analysis of patterns of population migration flows, this research offers a comprehensive analysis of a range of regional social, economic and infrastructure development factors and their effects on regional migration and population changes. The outputs of the method are new evidence to inform the future regional plan to increase economic and population growth in RUCs. This research contributes to population research and regional planning and provides a baseline for the prepandemic status of regional population dynamics in Australia.
Additional file 1 of The association between mechanical ventilator compatible bed occupancy and mortality risk in intensive care patients with COVID-19: a national retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Wilde, Harrison
name: Mellan, Thomas
name: Hawryluk, Iwona
name: Dennis, John M.
name: Denaxas, Spiros
name: Pagel, Christina
name: Duncan, Andrew
name: Bhatt, Samir
name: Flaxman, Seth
name: Mateen, Bilal A.
name: Vollmer, Sebastian J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1:. eMethods, Figures S1-8, & Tables S1-6. eMethods – Additional detail on data handling and modelling methods. Fig S1. - Application of inclusion and exclusion criteria to raw data. Fig S2. - Unadjusted mortality rate in the ICU, alongside the total, confirmed COVID and non-COVID national-level occupancies (Top) and percentages of the study cohort in each of the three main ICU occupancy bins used in the primary model (Bottom) across the duration of the study. Fig S3. - Trust-level missingness at varying inclusion thresholds. Fig S4. - Seven-day rolling averages for Age (Top) and Number of Comorbidities (Bottom) across the duration of the study. Fig S5. - Trust-Level Ventilator Bed Occupancy (Based on Surge Capacities) Across England. Fig S6. - Marginal posterior densities for linear population level coefficients in the model, for mechanically ventilated bed occupancy binned as described in the main text, comorbidities, sex and week of admission. Fig S7. - Marginal posterior densities for group level ethnicity intercepts. Fig S8. - The interaction between the baseline availability of beds supporting mechanical ventilation, and occupancy on the day of ICU admission. Table S1. - Marginal posterior densities for occupancy under sensitivity analyses. Table S2. - Comparison of prior choices via their effect on primary model OR estimates. Table S3. - Marginal posterior densities for mortality ORs when occupancy is utilised at each individual’s final outcome date, rather than their date of admission to ICU. Table S4. - Marginal posterior densities for mortality ORs when occupancy is taken as the mean or median occupancy achieved during each patient’s stay. Table S5. - Marginal posterior densities for mortality ORs when occupancy is defined as a ratio relative to baseline capacity. Table S6. - Marginal posterior densities for mortality ORs including baseline bed availability and interaction with occupancy.
Estudo de diferentes materiais para aventais de proteção radiológica utilizando o Método de Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Souza, Samara Pavan
name: Souza, Lucas Wilian Gonçalves De
name: Silva, Monique França E
name: Carvalho, Eduardo Batista De
name: Santos, William De Souza
name: Perini, Ana Paula
name: Neves, Lucio Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Aventais plumbíferos, Método de Monte Carlo, coeficientes de conversão

description: Nesse trabalho, utilizando simulação de Monte Carlo, foram calculados valores de coeficientes de conversão (CC) para médico, utilizando uma energia típica de procedimentos da cardiologia intervencionista para três diferentes materiais de avental de radioproteção: 100%Pb, 67%Pb+33%Si e 67%W+33%Si e três espessuras. Os valores de CC encontrados demonstram que o avental de 100%Pb foi o que apresentou a melhor blindagem à radiação entre os 3 materiais para a espessura de 0,5 mm. Independente das espessuras, o avental que proporcionou os maiores valores de CC foi o composto por 67%W+33%Si.
Additional file 3: of Genetic diversity of the Thao people of Taiwan using Y-chromosome, mitochondrial DNA and HLA gene systems
Creators: name: Trejaut, Jean
name: Muyard, Frank
name: Lai, Ying-Hui
name: Lan-Rong Chen
name: Zong-Sian Chen
name: Jun-Hun Loo
name: Huang, Jin-Yuan
name: Lin, Marie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary text 1. Genetic diversity of the Thao tribe of Taiwan using Y-Chromosome, mitochondrial DNA and HLA gene systems. Recovery from near extinction. (DOCX 81 kb)
Local Reorientation Dynamics of Semiflexible Polymers in the Melt
Creators: name: Faller, Roland
name: Müller-Plathe, Florian
name: Heuer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reorientation dynamics of local tangent vectors of chains in isotropic amorphous melts containing semiflexible model polymers was studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The reorientation is strongly influenced both by the local chain stiffness and by the overall chain length. It takes place by two different subsequent processes: A short-time non-exponential decay and a long-time exponential reorientation arising from the relaxation of medium-size chain segments. Both processes depend on stiffness and chain length. The strong influence of the chain length on the chain dynamics is in marked contrast to its negligible effect on the static structure of the melt. The local structure shows only a small dependence on the stiffness, and is independent of chain length. Calculated correlation functions related to double-quantum NMR experiments are in qualitative agreement with experiments on entangled melts. A plateau is observed in the dependence of segment reorientation on the mean-squared displacement of the corresponding chain segments. This plateau confirms, on one hand, the existence of reptation dynamics. On the other hand, it shows how the reptation picture has to be adapted if, instead of fully flexible chains, semirigid chains are considered.
description: 29 pages, several figures, accepted by Macromolecules
Impact of a Water Intervention on Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake Substitution by Water: A Clinical Trial in Overweight and Obese Mexican Women
Creators: name: Popkin, Barry M.
name: Hernufffdndez-Cordero, Sonia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Intense marketing for sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) along with the human innate preference for sweet taste contributes to the increase in consumption of SSB. It is important to understand the intricacies of dietary intake and global changes to the food supply to understand the complexities facing any intervention promoting water intake. We describe challenges to promote and achieve an increase in water intake and present key findings from a clinical trial examining the effects of substituting water for SSB on triglyceride levels, weight and other cardiometabolic factors in overweight/obese Mexican women.

METHODS: A randomized trial was conducted in Cuernavaca, Mexico selecting overweight/obese (BMI ≥25 and <39 kg/m(2)) women (18-45 years old), reporting an intake of SSB of at least 250 kcal/day. Women were randomly allocated to the water and education provision (WEP) group (n = 120) or to the education provision (EP) group (n = 120). Repeated 24 h dietary recall questionnaires, anthropometry, and fasting blood levels were collected at baseline and 3, 6, and 9 months following the intervention.

RESULTS: There was no effect of the intervention on triglyceride concentration or on any of the studied outcomes. Post-hoc analyses according to weight at baseline show that triglyceride concentration decreased in obese women. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome after the intervention was lower in obese women from the WEP group.

CONCLUSION: Water intake was increased but insufficient to achieve complete substitution of SSB, without effects on triglyceride concentration. Post-hoc analyses suggested that interventions lowered triglyceride concentration. Further studies are needed.
Radiation driving and heating of general relativistic jets under Compton scattering regime
Creators: name: Vyas, Mukesh K.
name: Chattopadhyay, Indranil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interaction of intense radiation from the underlying accretion disc with steady, general-relativistic jet is studied. The radiation field imparts momentum as well as energy on to the outflowing jet under Compton scattering. As a result, the jet gains momentum and is simultaneously heated up. Jets can be classified as types A, B and C according to their base properties. We found that A type jets can undergo shock transition. It is also shown that, in the Compton scattering regime, radiation can drive jets starting with very small thermal energy at the base (B and C type jets). Such that, radiation can even} accelerate bound matter (generalized Bernoulli parameter $E<1$) {in the form of relativistic transonic jets. This is in stark contrast to radiatively driven jets in the Thomson scattering regime, where transonic jets were obtained only for $E>1$. We also show that for a given disc luminosity, jets in the Compton scattering regime exhibit a minimum terminal speed, unlike in the Thomson scattering domain. Further, the impact of accretion disc luminosity and jet plasma composition is studied. The ${{\rm e}^--{\rm p}^+}$ jets are accelerated up to Lorentz factors of about a few, while for lepton dominated jets the minimum Lorentz factor exceeds $10$ for moderate disc luminosities and can go up to few tens for highly luminous discs.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Ab initio optical properties of Si(100)
Creators: name: Palummo, Maurizia
name: Onida, Giovanni
name: Del Sole, Rodolfo
name: Mendoza, Bernardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the linear optical properties of different reconstructions of the clean and hydrogenated Si(100) surface within DFT-LDA, using norm-conserving pseudopotentials. The equilibrium atomic geometries of the surfaces, determined from self-consistent total energy calculations within the Car-Parrinello scheme, strongly influence Reflectance Anisotropy Spectra (RAS), showing differences between the p(2x2) and c(4x2)reconstructions. The Differential Reflectivity spectrum for the c(4x2) reconstruction shows a positive peak at energies < 1 eV, in agreement with experimental results.
description: fig. 2 corrected
Parental feeding practices and associations with child weight status. Swedish validation of the Child Feeding Questionnaire finds parents of 4-year-olds less restrictive
Creators: name: Flodmark, Carl-Erik
name: Nowicka, Paulina
name: Sorjonen, Kimmo
name: Pietrobelli, Angelo
name: Faith, Myles S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ) assesses parental feeding attitudes, beliefs and practices concerned with child feeding and obesity proneness. The questionnaire has been developed in the U.S. ...
Solid like friction of a polymer chain
Creators: name: Charitat, T.
name: Joanny, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple friction model for isolated polymer chains on a solid substrate. The chains are pulled at constant velocity by one end, the other end can be trapped on the solid substrate on localised sites. We focus on the energy dissipation due to the traps. This simple model leads to non trivial friction laws, depending on the velocity and the distance between traps. Some refinements of the model such as the effect of thermal fluctuation are also reported.
description: 16 pages, 4 eps figures, accepted for publuication in Eur. Phys. J. E New version of 20/07/2000 minor modifications to figures
Additional file 1 of Rationale and design of PASSAT â patientsâ satisfaction with local or general anaesthesia in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial with a non-randomised side arm
Creators: name: Galetin, Thomas
name: Bretzke, Pascal
name: Lopez-Pastorini, Alberto
name: Schieren, Mark
name: Koryllos, Aris
name: Kosse, Nils
name: Schnell, Jost
name: Defosse, Jerome M.
name: Wappler, Frank
name: Stoelben, Erich
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) 2013 checklist: recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents. (DOCX 45 kb)
Additional file 1 of Non-prescriptionxx antibiotic use for people aged 15 years or older for cough in China: a community-based survey
Creators: name: Luo, Yan
name: Tang, Xuewen
name: Ding, Linling
name: Shao, Zhujun
name: Yu, Jianxing
name: Chen, Yangqing
name: Zhou, Yang
name: He, Hanqing
name: Chen, Zhiping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Figure 1. Process of randomization and Probability-Proportionate-to-Size (PPS) sampling. Table 1. Clusters in each township. Table 2. The antibiotic related knowledge of participants (N = 3034).
Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling in [111]-oriented semiconductor nanowires
Creators: name: Bringer, Andreas
name: Heedt, Sebastian
name: Schäpers, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The contribution of bulk inversion asymmetry to the total spin-orbit coupling is commonly neglected for group III-V nanowires grown in the generic [111] direction. We have solved the complete Hamiltonian of the circular nanowire accounting for bulk inversion asymmetry via exact numerical diagonalization. Three different symmetry classes of angular momentum states exist, which reflects the threefold rotation symmetry of the crystal lattice about the [111] axis. A particular group of angular momentum states contains degenerate modes which are strongly coupled via the Dresselhaus Hamiltonian, which results in a significant energy splitting with increasing momentum. Hence, under certain conditions Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling is relevant for [111] InAs and [111] InSb nanowires. We demonstrate momentum-dependent energy splittings and the impact of Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling on the dispersion relation. In view of possible spintronics applications relying on bulk inversion asymmetry we calculate the spin expectation values and the spin texture as a function of the Fermi energy. Finally, we investigate the effect of an axial magnetic field on the energy spectrum and on the corresponding spin polarization.
description: 11 Pages, 7 figures
Mean-field theory of temperature cycling experiments in spin-glasses
Creators: name: Cugliandolo, Leticia F.
name: Kurchan, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study analytically the effect of temperature cyclings in mean-field spin-glasses. In accordance with real experiments, we obtain a strong reinitialization of the dynamics on decreasing the temperature combined with memory effects when the original high temperature is restored. The same calculation applied to mean-field models of structural glasses shows no such reinitialization, again in accordance with experiments. In this context, we derive some relations between experimentally accessible quantities and propose new experimental protocols. Finally, we briefly discuss the effect of field cyclings during isothermal aging.
description: Some misprints corrected, references updated, final version to apper in PRB
Additional file 1 of Individual and institutional capacity-building for evidence-informed health policy-making in Iran: a mix of local and global evidence
Creators: name: Doshmangir, Leila
name: Mostafavi, Hakimeh
name: Behzadifar, Masoud
name: Yazdizadeh, Bahareh
name: Sajadi, Haniye Sadat
name: Hasanpoor, Edris
name: Mahdavi, Mahdi
name: Majdzadeh, Reza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1a. Search strategy in PubMed. Appendix 1b. Search strategy in Scopus.
Pseudogap in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d studied by measuring anisotropic susceptibilities and out-of-plane transport
Creators: name: Watanabe, Takao
name: Fujii, Takenori
name: Matsuda, Azusa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find in the Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d system that the characteristic temperatures T*_chi [below which the uniform susceptibilities chi_ab(T) (H perpendicular to c) and chi_c(T)(H parallel to c) decrease] and T*_rho_c (below which the out-of-plane resistivity rho_c(T) shows typical upturn) coincide for all doping levels. We attribute the T dependence of chi's and rho_c to the anomalous (pseudogapped) density-of-states (DOS) in high-Tc cuprates. Furthermore, the anisotropy in the T dependence of chi's is universal, i.e., chi_c proportional to1.6chi_ab, showing that there is only a single T-dependent component in the chi's. This implies that the Curie-like behavior (dchi/dT<0) observed in overdoped samples is also caused by a DOS effect.
description: pTeX Version p.2.1.8, 7 pages, 8 Postscript figures, Phys. Rev. Lett. (in press), tightened lines
Skyrmion lifetimes in ultrathin films
Creators: name: von Malottki, Stephan
name: Bessarab, Pavel F.
name: Haldar, Soumyajyoti
name: Delin, Anna
name: Heinze, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that thermal stability of magnetic skyrmions can be strongly affected by entropic effects. The lifetimes of isolated skyrmions in atomic Pd/Fe bilayers on Ir(111) and on Rh(111) are calculated in the framework of harmonic transition state theory based on an atomistic spin model parametrized from density functional theory. Depending on the system the attempt frequency for skyrmion collapse can change by up to nine orders of magnitude with the strength of the applied magnetic field. We demonstrate that this effect is due to a drastic change of entropy with skyrmion radius which opens a novel route towards stabilizing sub-10 nm skyrmions at room temperature.
Continuous phase transition in a spin-glass model without time-reversal symmetry
Creators: name: Parisi, G.
name: Picco, M.
name: Ritort, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phase transition in a strongly disordered short-range three-spin interaction model characterized by the absence of time reversal symmetry in the Hamiltonian. In the mean-field limit the model is well described by the Adam-Gibbs-DiMarzio scenario for the glass transition; however in the short-range case this picture turns out to be modified. The model presents a finite temperature continuous phase transition characterized by a divergent spin-glass susceptibility and a negative specific heat exponent. We expect the nature of the transition in this 3-spin model to be the same as the transition in the Edwards-Anderson model in a magnetic field, with the advantage that the strong crossover effects present in the latter case are absent.
description: 19 pages, Latex, 16 ps figures
Integrable discrete autonomous quad-equations admitting, as generalized symmetries, known five-point differential-difference equations
Creators: name: Garifullin, R. N.
name: Gubbiotti, G.
name: Yamilov, R. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37L20, 37K10, 39A14

description: In this paper we construct the autonomous quad-equations which admit as symmetries the five-point differential-difference equations belonging to known lists found by Garifullin, Yamilov and Levi. The obtained equations are classified up to autonomous point transformations and some simple non-autonomous transformations. We discuss our results in the framework of the known literature. There are among them a few new examples of both sine-Gordon and Liouville type equations.
description: 27 pages
Clinical- and cost-effectiveness of LDL particle-guided statin therapy: A simulation study
Creators: name: Folse, Henry J.
name: Rengarajan, Badri
name: Goswami, Devesh
name: Budoff, Matthew
name: Kahn, Richard
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: AbstractWe used the Archimedes Model, a mathematical simulation model (Model) to estimate the clinical- and cost-effectiveness of using LDL particle concentration (LDL-P) as an adjunct or alternative to LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) to guide statin therapy. LDL-P by NMR has been shown to be a better measure of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk than LDL-C, and may therefore be a better gauge of the need for and response to statin treatment. Using the Model, we conducted a virtual clinical trial comparing the use of LDL-C alone, LDL-P alone, and LDL-C and LDL-P together to guide treatment in the general adult population, and in high-risk, dyslipidemic subpopulations. In the general population, the 5-year major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) relative risk reduction (RRR) of LDL-P alone compared to the control arm (LDL-C alone) was 5.0% (95% CI, 4.7–5.3; p p p p In the general population, the costs per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) associated with the use of LDL-P alone were $76,052 at 5 years and $8913 at 20 years and $142,825 at 5 years and $25,505 at 20 years with the use of both markers. In high-risk subpopulations, the use of LDL-P alone was cost-saving at 5 years; whereas the cost per QALY for the use of both markers was $14,250 at 5 years and $859 at 20 years for high-risk dyslipidemics, $19,192 at 5 years and $649 at 20 years for diabetics, and $9030 at 5 years and $7268 at 20 years for patients with prior CHD. In conclusion, the model estimates that using LDL-P to guide statin therapy may reduce the risk of CVD events to a greater extent than does the use of LDL-C alone and maybe cost-effective or cost-saving for high-risk patients.
Nonconstant hexagon relations and their cohomology
Creators: name: Korepanov, Igor G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R56, 81T70 (Primary), 57Q99, 12E99 (Secondary)

description: A construction of hexagon relations - algebraic realizations of four-dimensional Pachner moves - is proposed. It goes in terms of "permitted colorings" of 3-faces of pentachora (4-simplices), and its main feature is that the set of permitted colorings is nonconstant - varies from pentachoron to pentachoron. Further, a cohomology theory is formulated for these hexagon relations, and its nontriviality is demonstrated on explicit examples.
description: 26 pages; v2: improvements in Section 6, expression for 4-cocycle corrected
Additional file 1: of Determinants of health seeking behavior of animal bite victims in rabies endemic South Bhutan: a community-based contact-tracing survey
Creators: name: Kinley Penjor
name: Tenzin Tenzin
name: Rinzin Jamtsho
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Study Questionnaire. (DOCX 7227 kb)
Coupling of Length Scales and Atomistic Simulation of MEMS Resonators
Creators: name: Rudd, Robert E.
name: Broughton, Jeremy Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simulations of the dynamic and temperature dependent behavior of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) by utilizing recently developed parallel codes which enable a coupling of length scales. The novel techniques used in this simulation accurately model the behavior of the mechanical components of MEMS down to the atomic scale. We study the vibrational behavior of one class of MEMS devices: micron-scale resonators made of silicon and quartz. The algorithmic and computational avenue applied here represents a significant departure from the usual finite element approach based on continuum elastic theory. The approach is to use an atomistic simulation in regions of significantly anharmonic forces and large surface area to volume ratios or where internal friction due to defects is anticipated. Peripheral regions of MEMS which are well-described by continuum elastic theory are simulated using finite elements for efficiency. Thus, in central regions of the device, the motion of millions of individual atoms is simulated, while the relatively large peripheral regions are modeled with finite elements. The two techniques run concurrently and mesh seamlessly, passing information back and forth. This coupling of length scales gives a natural domain decomposition, so that the code runs on multiprocessor workstations and supercomputers. We present novel simulations of the vibrational behavior of micron-scale silicon and quartz oscillators. Our results are contrasted with the predictions of continuum elastic theory as a function of size, and the failure of the continuum techniques is clear in the limit of small sizes. We also extract the Q value for the resonators and study the corresponding dissipative processes.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, to be published in the proceedings of DTM '99; LaTeX with spie.sty, bibtex with spiebib.bst and psfig