cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Digitizing Drilling Logs - Challenges of typewritten forms
Creators: name: Bürgl, Kim
name: Reinhardt, Lea
name: Binder, Frank
name: Müller, Lydia
name: Niekler, Andreas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: drilling logs
subject: table recognition
subject: information extraction
subject: renaturation projects
subject: OCR
subject: forms processing

description: In this work, we show prospects of how mining and geological documentation in the form of drilling reports can be digitized and further processed. Processing these typed and handwritten forms poses challenges for document management in renaturation projects. We highlight the structural problems of drilling reports and present three approaches for recognizing and processing the information documented in them. We use optical character recognition and document layout analysis techniques to approach the problem. Layout analysis was performed using a heuristic approach and a neural network for layout recognition. In detail, we show the approaches Form Processing (A), Table detection by line counting (B) and processing with Mask-R-CNN (C). A case study is used to show initial results and challenges. B and C are more robust than A to small changes in the form. C can recognize columns better with more training data than B in cases where table boundaries are not respected. B and C also allow other language models to be used for OCR and can thus also recognize handwriting with appropriate training data.
title: Integrating External Data Sources into Internet of Things Architectures for Weather and Environmental Monitoring in Former Mining Areas
Creators: name: Windolph, Jonah
name: Wehlitz, Robert
name: Zschörnig, Theo
name: Franczyk, Bogdan
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Internet of Things
subject: System Architecture
subject: Microservices
subject: System Integration
subject: External Data Sources

description: The management of former mining areas requires knowledge about local weather and environmental conditions in order to ensure the compliance with governmental regulations. Since mining areas are typically of large geographic scale, equipping them with sensors is a challenge at high cost. One approach to keep these low is the enrichment and in some cases substitution of sensor data utilizing external sources, such as weather services. Against this background, this paper describes requirements for a solution that allows the use of external data sources to enrich or substitute sensor data for historic and real-time analysis. An architecture that supports this approach is presented. The architecture is implemented as a proof of concept for the purpose of demonstrating its abilities by the use case of land use regulations.
Uso di materiali elastomagnetici innovativi per attenuatori e sensori di deformazione
Creators: name: Ricciardi, Enrico
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: Diverse problematiche ingegneristiche, in ambito prevalentemente civile, possono essere utilmente affrontate con l'ausilio di materiali magnetici innovativi. Due sono i filoni di ricerca considerati in questo lavoro di tesi: i sistemi di attenuazione delle vibrazioni da un lato, e la sensoristica dall'altro. L'attenuazione delle vibrazioni costituisce una tematica in continua evoluzione, alla ricerca di soluzioni sempre più efficaci nei settori più disparati. Il comfort dei passeggeri nei riguardi delle oscillazioni e dei livelli di rumore, la sicurezza ed il contenimento degli stress acustici cui sono soggetti gli operai in presenza di macchinari rumorosi, l'isolamento di apparecchiature biomedicali costose e delicate, la protezione dei manufatti edilizi dalle sollecitazioni indotte dagli eventi sismici e dal vento costituiscono, infatti, solo alcuni esempi dei numerosi campi in cui la riduzione ed il controllo delle vibrazioni assumono crescente importanza. In questo ampio scenario, gli innovativi materiali elastomagnetici oggetto di studio si sono rivelati particolarmente interessanti, poiché sono dei dispositivi passivi, i quali però sono dotati di forze interne (di natura magnetica) che si auto-attivano per effetto della deformazione in ingresso, senza il bisogno di energia aggiuntiva. Contemporaneamente, la ricerca internazionale ha investito molte energie nello studio e nella realizzazione di sensori (di posizione, di deformazione e/o tensione, etc...) con l'intento di produrre dispositivi affidabili, sensibili e a buon mercato. Anche in questo caso, i materiali magnetoreologici e magnetostrittivi, grazie alle loro specifiche peculiarità, sono particolarmente interessanti e competitivi, attesa la grande varietà degli scenari di possibile applicazione.
Supervised learning for the prediction of firm dynamics
Creators: name: Bargagli-Stoffi, Falco J.
name: Niederreiter, Jan
name: Riccaboni, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Thanks to the increasing availability of granular, yet high-dimensional, firm level data, machine learning (ML) algorithms have been successfully applied to address multiple research questions related to firm dynamics. Especially supervised learning (SL), the branch of ML dealing with the prediction of labelled outcomes, has been used to better predict firms' performance. In this contribution, we will illustrate a series of SL approaches to be used for prediction tasks, relevant at different stages of the company life cycle. The stages we will focus on are (i) startup and innovation, (ii) growth and performance of companies, and (iii) firms exit from the market. First, we review SL implementations to predict successful startups and R&D projects. Next, we describe how SL tools can be used to analyze company growth and performance. Finally, we review SL applications to better forecast financial distress and company failure. In the concluding Section, we extend the discussion of SL methods in the light of targeted policies, result interpretability, and causality.
title: Adversarial Examples zum Selbstdatenschutz? Der Fall biometrischer Gesichtserkennung im öffentlichen Raum
Creators: name: Bunzel, Niklas
name: Zander, Neele
name: Landwirth, Robert
name: Riedel, Ann-Katrin
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Künstliche Intelligenz
subject: Videoüberwachung
subject: Regulierung von KI-Anwendungen
subject: hochriskante Anwendung
subject: Selbstdatenschutz
subject: Adversarial Examples

description: Videoüberwachung im öffentlichen Raum kann zur Aufklärung von Verbrechen, Identifikation von Personen und Erkennung von Waffen oder von Gruppenbildung genutzt werden. Durch die Unterstützung von künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) können große Datenmengen automatisch und effizient erhoben und ausgewertet werden. KI-gestützte Videoüberwachung im öffentlichen Raum, insbesondere die Gesichtserkennung, intensivieren Grundrechtseingriffe und erhöhen datenschutzrechtliche Risiken. Der im April 2021 veröffentlichte Gesetzesentwurf der EU-Kommission zur Regulierung von KI-Anwendungen erkennt zwar das Risiko der biometrischen Gesichtserkennung mittels Videoüberwachung im öffentlichen Raum, sieht jedoch von einem allumfassenden Verbot ab. Dies stellt ein Problem für die Privatheit der betroffenen Bürger*innen dar. Im Rahmen des Papers diskutieren wir Adverserial Examples als Möglichkeit des Selbstdatenschutzes darauf zu reagieren.
Imagery as a mnemonic device in the flotation method of the restricted environmental stimulation technique (Rest)
Creators: name: Eichhorn, David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This paper describes an attempt to experimentally combine the theories and methods behind research into imagery and cognition with those associated with the Restricted Environmental Stimulation Technique (REST). The review of the literature focuses upon changes in imaginal activity attributable to (or easily influenced by) changes in an individual's state of mind (broadly defined) and aspects of the effects of REST, flotation REST in particular, that may contribute to any such state. The choice of changes in memory performance as the dependent measure in the current study is discussed in terms of the broad research base covering the effects of imaginal activity upon memory, and frequent references in the REST literature to both imaginal activity and memory. The reconciliation between the hypothesis that flotation REST would facilitate the beneficial effects of imagery instructions and stimulus attributes upon memory and the failure to support that hypothesis proceeds along two courses. First, the logical approach accepts the statistical evidence as an indication of the limitations to the beneficial effects of flotation REST. The second approach considers the possible role of the curvilinear nature of REST effects and other explanatory concepts which may aid future studies that may yet tap the elusive potential of this environment.
title: Mithilfe von Privacy Nudging zu rechtsverträglichen Videokonferenztools
Creators: name: Schomberg, Sabrina
name: Dickhaut, Ernestine
name: Barev, Torben Jan
name: Janson, Andreas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Videokonferenztools
subject: Privacy Nudging
subject: Design Pattern
subject: Rechtsverträglichkeit

description: Die Covid-19 Pandemie hat zu enormen Veränderungen im Arbeitsalltag geführt. Videokonferenztools gewannen durch die Zusammenarbeit über Distanz an Bedeutung. In kürzester Zeit kamen in vielen Unternehmen Videokonferenztools verschiedener Hersteller zum Einsatz; der Datenschutz stand dabei in der Regel nicht an erster Stelle und es kam zu zahlreichen Datenschutzverstößen. Im Laufe der Pandemie rückte der Datenschutz mehr in den Fokus und es wurde nachgebessert. Wir wollen mit unserem Beitrag anregen Videokonferenztools nicht nur datenschutzkonform, sondern rechtsverträglich zu gestalten. Daher haben wir die Benutzeroberfläche eines Tools (Zoom) an den Stellen angepasst, an denen datenschutzsensibles Verhalten besonders kritisch ist. Wir zeigen, wie k kleine Änderungen in der Benutzeroberfläche und die Integration von Privacy Nudges zu datenschutzsensiblem Verhalten führen können. Um diese sogenannten Privacy Nudges für Entwickelnde von Videokonferenztools so praktisch und zugänglich wie möglich zu machen, greifen wir auf das Konzept der Design Pattern aus der Systementwicklung zurück.
Spin Hall Effect
Creators: name: Schliemann, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intrinsic spin Hall effect in semiconductors has developed to a remarkably lively and rapidly growing branch of research in the field of semiconductor spintronics. In this article we give a pedagogical overview on both theoretical and experimental accomplishments and challenges. Emphasis is put on the the description of the intrinsic mechanisms of spin Hall transport in III-V zinc-blende semiconductors, and on the effects of dissipation.
description: 22 pages, minor adjustments, version as published
title: Softwarearchitektur für die Bewertung des Ressourcenbedarfes in Rechenzentren durch ganzheitliche Ressourceneffizienz
Creators: name: Penaherrera, Fernando
name: Pehlken, Alexandra
name: Hintemann, Ralph
name: Hinterholzer, Simon
name: Koch, Björn
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Softwarearchitektur
subject: graue Energie
subject: Life Cycle Assessment
subject: Rechenzentrum
subject: Materialeffizienz
subject: Recycling

description: Der steigende Energiebedarf der Rechenzentren stellt eine Herausforderung bei der Erreichung der Klimaschutzziele sowie der Realisierung der Energiewende dar. Auch die sogenannte graue Energie – also die Energie, die für Herstellung, Transport, Lagerung und Entsorgung der Komponenten benötigt wird – kann ganz erhebliche Anteile am Gesamtenergiebedarf ausmachen. Dieser Artikel stellt eine selbstentwickelte Modellstruktur vor, welche die graue Energie in Rechenzentren erstmalig berechnet.
La géométrie de Bakry-Émery et l'écart fondamental
Creators: name: Rowlett, Julie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35P05, 58J50

description: This article is a brief presentation of results surrounding the fundamental gap. We begin by recalling Bakry-Emery geometry and demonstrate connections between eigenvalues of the Laplacian with the Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. We then show a connection between the fundamental gap and Bakry-Emery geometry, concluding with a presentation of the key ideas in Andrews's and Clutterbuck's proof of the fundamental gap conjecture. We conclude with a presentation of results for the fundamental gap of triangles and simplices.
description: in French. This is a preliminary version of the published article of the same title, freely available online!
Toward Few-step Adversarial Training from a Frequency Perspective
Creators: name: Wang, Hans Shih-Han
name: Cornelius, Cory
name: Edwards, Brandon
name: Martin, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.m
subject: 68T07, 68T99

description: We investigate adversarial-sample generation methods from a frequency domain perspective and extend standard $l_{\infty}$ Projected Gradient Descent (PGD) to the frequency domain. The resulting method, which we call Spectral Projected Gradient Descent (SPGD), has better success rate compared to PGD during early steps of the method. Adversarially training models using SPGD achieves greater adversarial accuracy compared to PGD when holding the number of attack steps constant. The use of SPGD can, therefore, reduce the overhead of adversarial training when utilizing adversarial generation with a smaller number of steps. However, we also prove that SPGD is equivalent to a variant of the PGD ordinarily used for the $l_{\infty}$ threat model. This PGD variant omits the sign function which is ordinarily applied to the gradient. SPGD can, therefore, be performed without explicitly transforming into the frequency domain. Finally, we visualize the perturbations SPGD generates and find they use both high and low-frequency components, which suggests that removing either high-frequency components or low-frequency components is not an effective defense.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, SPAI'20, ACM ASIACCS 2020
Infrared Photometric Analysis of White Dwarfs from The Two Micron All Sky Survey and the Spitzer Space Telescope
Creators: name: Tremblay, P. -E.
name: Bergeron, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the available near- and mid-infrared photometry for white dwarfs obtained from the Two Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) and by the Spitzer Space Telescope. Both data sets have recently been used to seek white dwarfs with infrared excesses due to the presence of unresolved companions or circumstellar disks, and also to derive the atmospheric parameters of cool white dwarfs. We first attempt to evaluate the reliability of the 2MASS photometry by comparing it with an independent set of published JHK CIT magnitudes for 160 cool white dwarf stars, and also by comparing the data with the predictions of detailed model atmosphere calculations. The possibility of using 2MASS to identify unresolved M dwarf companions or circumstellar disks is then discussed. We also revisit the analysis of 46 binary candidates from Wachter et al. using the synthetic flux method and confirm the large near-infrared excesses in most objects. We perform a similar analysis by fitting Spitzer 4.5 and 8 micron photometric observations of white dwarfs with our grid of model atmospheres, and demonstrate the reliability of both the Spitzer data and the theoretical calculations up to 8 micron. Finally, we search for massive disks resulting from the merger of two white dwarfs in a 2MASS sample composed of 57 massive degenerates, and show that massive disks are uncommon in such stars.
description: 41 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Electroweak Vacuum Stability and the Higgs Field Relaxation via Gravitational Effects
Creators: name: Torabian, Mahdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measured values of the Standard Model (SM) parameters favors a shallow metastable electroweak (EW) vacuum surrounded by a deep global AdS or a runaway Minkowski minimum. Furthermore, fine-tuning is the only explanation for the Higgs relaxing in its present local minimum. In this paper, assuming no new physics beyond the SM, we study the universal effect of gravity on the Higgs dynamics in the early universe. A generic two-parameter model is considered in which the Higgs is non-minimally coupled to a higher-curvature theory of gravity. The coupling between the Higgs field and the Weyl field in the Einstein frame has genuine predictions. In a broad region in the parameter space, the effective Higgs mass is large and it initially takes over through fast oscillations. This epoch is followed by the Weyl field slowly rolling a plateau-like potential. This framework generically predicts that the Higgs self-coupling in the EW vacuum is enhanced, compared to the SM predictions, through couplings to the gravity sector. Moreover, when the Higgs is settled in the EW vacuum, all other scalar flat directions would be lifted via gravitational effects mediated by the Weyl field.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, This article is an expanded and a published version of results initially reported in arXiv:1410.1744
Ricerche sulle Silvae di Publio Papinio  Stazio. L'epistola prefatoria a Lucio Arrunzio Stella (Silv. 1 praef.) e il carme celebrativo della statua equestre di  Domiziano (Silv. 1,1): testo, traduzione e commento.
Creators: name: De Cristofaro, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: La tesi contiene testo, traduzione e commento della praefatio al primo libro delle Silvae di Publio Papinio Stazio e al carme 1,1 dedicato alla celebrazione della statua equestre di Domiziano. Nel lavoro di ricerca un'ampia parte è dedicata alla vita e alle opere del poeta napoletano con approfondimenti relativi alla poetica, allo stile e ai generi letterari della raccolta.
Production experiment, subject 53
Creators: name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: kdt

description: Target and distractor stimuli embedded in carrier sentences. Subject is a 63-year-old female. Carried out in a quiet room in the temple of Wat Nakharin in Ban Khi Nak.
Dissipation and spontaneous symmetry breaking in brain dynamics
Creators: name: Freeman, Walter J.
name: Vitiello, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the predictions of the dissipative quantum model of brain with neurophysiological data collected from electroencephalograms resulting from high-density arrays fixed on the surfaces of primary sensory and limbic areas of trained rabbits and cats. Functional brain imaging in relation to behavior reveals the formation of coherent domains of synchronized neuronal oscillatory activity and phase transitions predicted by the dissipative model.
description: Restyled, slight changes in title and abstract, updated bibliography, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. Vol. 41 (2008) in print
Magnetic structure of the noncentrosymmetric magnet Sr2MnSi2O7 through irreducible representation and magnetic space group analyses
Creators: name: Nambu, Y.
name: Kawamata, M.
name: Pang, X.
name: Murakawa, H.
name: Avdeev, M.
name: Kimura, H.
name: Masuda, H.
name: Hanasaki, N.
name: Onose, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic structures of the noncentrosymmetric magnet Sr$_2$MnSi$_2$O$_7$ were examined through neutron diffraction for powder and single-crystalline samples, as well as magnetometry measurements. All allowed magnetic structures under the space group $P\bar{4}2_1 m$ with the magnetic wavevector $\vec{q}_{\rm m}=(0,0,1/2)$~r.l.u., were analysed via irreducible representation and magnetic space group approaches. The compound is refined to have in-plane magnetic moments within the magnetic space group $Cmc2_1.1^{\prime}_c$ (\#36.177) under zero field, which can be altered to $P2_1 2_1 2_1.1^{\prime}_c$ (\#19.28) above $μ_0 H=0.067(5)$~T to align induced weak-ferromagnetic components within one layer on the $ab$-plane. All refined parameters are provided following the recent framework based upon the magnetic space group, which better conveys when exchanging crystallographic information for commensurate magnetic structures.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Systematic innovation - tools and methods supporting
the concept design process
Creators: name: Esposito, Gianpiero
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: Concept design is a complex and iterative process in which design tasks are highly interdependent. Such process should reflect the specific design re-quirements, objectives and constraints applicable to the product. However, while design freedom is at its maximum in early design stage, product knowledge is only partially known initially and is changing over time. The aim of this work was the integration of methods to improve three areas belonging to the concept design stage. The first is the effective determination of requirements at the beginning of a project, given that all subsequent steps are dependent upon the completeness, ac-curacy and specificity of these requirements. Early requirements should be trans-lated effectively into technical characteristics. The second is the systematically generation of innovative concept features that should be able to solve design con-tradictions. The third is the support of the selection of the most feasible solutions based on multi-criteria decision making techniques, relying on tools such as con-cept evaluation in a virtual environment, and process simulation software.
We worked on six different case studies related to two very different subjects: fusion engineering and forest harvesting. The distance between the topics helped to prove the general efficacy of the methodological instruments considered in this work. The use of quality function deployment, as well as the axiomatic design approach, proved to be a viable systematic way to achieve solutions in complex design situations, limiting the risks arising from the lack of requirements. In this context, TRIZ provided the valuable contribution to overcome technical issues found in previous design phases. The simultaneous comparison of product alterna-tives in an immersive virtual reality environment, together with the use of the ana-lytic hierarchy process, has speeded up the concept review process. The use of stochastic models in discrete event simulations allowed comparing product con-cepts in terms of the impact on the process in which they need to be integrated.
Diritto ambientale e governo del territorio: valutazione di impatto ambientale e valutazione ambientale strategica
Creators: name: Marone, Andrea
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: La tesi, avente ad oggetto il diritto ambientale, il governo del territorio, la VIA e la VAS affronta, innanzitutto, la evoluzione del concetto di ambiente nella Carta Costituzionale sia sotto il profilo della giurisprudenza succedutasi nel tempo che della riforma del Titolo V della Costituzione che ha fortemente inciso sulla materia.
	Si affrontano, poi, le problematiche relative al territorio ed all'ambiente nella prospettiva della normativa comunitaria per poi soffermarsi sulla evoluzione della giurisprudenza italiana del concetto di "ambiente".
	La riforma, poi, del Titolo V della Costituzione è esaminata con particolare attenzione per approfondire il tema della distribuzione della potestà legislativa tra Stato e Regioni in materia di governo del territorio e di tutela dell'ambiente.
	L'ultima parte della tesi si sofferma, poi, sull'esame della legislazione statale e regionale in materia di procedimenti pianificatori esaminando, in particolare, la disciplina della VIA e della VAS e la tutela dell'Ambiente nell'attuazione della programmazione e, quindi, nella realizzazione degli interventi.
Il capitolo conclusivo affronta un caso pratico: la riconversione urbanistica dell'area industriale di Bagnoli.
title: Nachhaltigkeit in der Softwareentwicklung
title: Ein Vorschlag zur alltagstauglichen Integration des ökologischen Fußabdrucks
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Räuchle, Malte
name: Wittmann, Jochen
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nachhaltigkeit
subject: Metriken
subject: Softwareentwicklung
subject: Agiler Prozess

description: Unter dem Aspekt der nachhaltigen Entwicklung von Software stellt das vorliegende Paper einen Widerspruch zwischen den üblicherweise nur im Nachhinein gemessenen Nachhaltigkeitskriterien für ein Software-Projekt und dem prozessbegleitenden Feedback- und Optimierungsgedanken des Agilen Softwareparadigmas fest. Durch die Heranziehung von sehr einfachen und pauschalisierenden Kriterien zur Abschätzung des ökologischen Fußabdrucks eines Software-Projektes gelingt es, den Projektteilnehmern bereits während der Projektlaufphase die Möglichkeit zu geben, die Nachhaltigkeitsmasse dynamisch zu beeinflussen. Damit wird der Gedanke des kontinuierlichen Feedbacks auch auf das Thema Nachhaltigkeit übertragen und bietet einen Ansatzpunkt für weitere unternehmenspolitische Maßnahmen zur Förderung einer nachhaltigen Software-Entwicklung.
Coupled magnetic and structural phase transitions in the antiferromagnetic polar metal Pb2CoOsO6 under pressure
Creators: name: Jiao, Yuanyuan
name: Fang, Yue-Wen
name: Sun, Jianping
name: Shan, Pengfei
name: Yu, Zhenhai
name: Feng, Hai L.
name: Wang, Bosen
name: Ma, Hanming
name: Uwatoko, Yoshiya
name: Yamaura, Kazunari
name: Guo, Yanfeng
name: Chen, Hanghui
name: Cheng, Jinguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pb$_2$CoOsO$_6$ is a newly synthesized polar metal in which inversion symmetry is broken by the magnetic frustration in an antiferromagnetic ordering of Co and Os sublattices. The coupled magnetic and structural transition occurs at 45 K at ambient pressure. Here we perform transport measurements and first-principles calculations to study the pressure effects on the magnetic/structural coupled transition of Pb$_2$CoOsO$_6$. Experimentally we monitor the resistivity anomaly at $T_N$ under various pressures up to 11 GPa in a cubic anvil cell apparatus. We find that $T_N$ determined from the resistivity anomaly first increases quickly with pressure in a large slope of $dT_N/dP$ = +6.8(8) K/GPa for $P < 4$ GPa, and then increases with a much reduced slope of 1.8(4) K/GPa above 4 GPa. Our first-principles calculations suggest that the observed discontinuity of $dT_N/dP$ around 4 GPa may be attributed to the vanishing of Os magnetic moment under pressure. Pressure substantially reduces the Os moment and completely suppresses it above a critical value, which relieves the magnetic frustration in the antiferromagnetic ordering of Pb$_2$CoOsO$_6$. The Co and Os polar distortions decrease with the increasing pressure and simultaneously vanish at the critical pressure. Therefore above the critical pressure a new centrosymmetric antiferromagnetic state emerges in Pb$_2$CoOsO$_6$, distinct from the one under ambient pressure, thus showing a discontinuity in $dT_N/dP$.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Anokkostenostomum Noreña & Damborenea & Brusa 2005, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Noreña, Carolina
name: Damborenea, Cristina
name: Brusa, Francisco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Turbellaria
Catenulida
Stenostomidae
Anokkostenostomum

description: Genus Anokkostenostomum gen. nov.
Diagnosis: Stenostomidae without light-refracting bodies. Developed anterior brain lobe with ‘metamerically’ arranged ganglia. Posterior brain lobe simple, or poorly developed. Ciliated pits present, associated with the anterior brain lobe. Pharyngeal glands generally arranged homogeneously along the whole of the pharynx. Epithelial rhabdites present. Sensory cilia or bristles present. Excretophores present. Asexual reproduction by paratomy.
Type species: Anokkostenostomum anatirostrum (Marcus, 1945) comb. nov.
Distribution: Brazil, Surinam, Kenya, England, Finland, France, Poland, Italy, USA.
Valid species: See below for South American species and Table 1 for species recorded only in other world regions.
description: Published as part of Noreña, Carolina, Damborenea, Cristina & Brusa, Francisco, 2005, A taxonomic revision of South American species of the genus Stenostomum O. Schmidt (Platyhelminthes: Catenulida) based on morphological characters, pp. 37-58 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 144 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00157.x, http://zenodo.org/record/4634680
Classification of the non-null electrovacuum solution of Einstein-Maxwell equations with three-parameter abelian group of motions
Creators: name: Obukhov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C05, 83C15, 83C20, 83C22

description: The classification of the Stackel spaces of the electrovacuum of the type (3.0) has been done. These spaces are invariant under the action of the three-parameter abelian group of motions and belong to the first type Bianchi spaces. In the case of a non-zero cosmological term, the metrics and potentials contain solutions of a nonlinear ordinary differential equation of the second order. When the cosmological term equals zero, the metrics and the components of the electromagnetic field tensor are expressed through elementary functions. Thus the classification of the electrovacuum Stackel spaces of all types is completed and complete list of these spaces is constructed.
description: Accepted in Annals of Physics
Background-Independent Composite Gravity
Creators: name: Batz, Austin J.
name: Erlich, Joshua
name: Mrini, Luke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a background-independent theory of composite gravity. The vacuum expectation value of the composite metric satisfies Einstein's equations (with corrections) as a consistency condition, and selects the vacuum spacetime. A gravitational interaction then emerges in vacuum correlation functions. The action remains diffeomorphism invariant even as perturbation theory is organized about the dynamically selected vacuum spacetime. We discuss the role of nondynamical clock and rod fields in the analysis, the identification of physical observables, and the generalization to other theories including the standard model.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures
title: DiversityNaviKey, a Progressive Web Application for interactive diagnosis and identification
Creators: name: Triebel, Dagmar
name: Grunz, Ariane
name: Seifert, Stefan
name: Link, Anton
name: Rambold, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021

description: DiversityNaviKey is designed as a diagnostic tool in the field of biology and related sciences to identify organisms as well as to interactively select other entities and objects related to research based on a set of predefined properties. It allows queries on structured sources of descriptive data (trait data) to diagnose groups of objects based on combinations of optionally modified descriptor-states or values that are selected consecutively during the diagnostic process. The Web App is implemented as a single-page application and contains the entire presentation logic to dynamically change a pre-generated HTML page in the browser. The content data is accessed via a web service as JSON packages. DiversityNaviKey is a progressive web application that uses caching mechanisms of browsers, such as Service Worker and IndexedDB. Thus, the main tasks are also available in offline mode. The current set up uses the SNSB technical infrastructure and data pipelines with PostgreSQL Cache Database and the data management tool DiversityDescriptions as backend. The exemplary data sources are from various domains, two of them are large datasets from the long-term projects DEEMY and LIAS.
Dispersive Coupling Between the Superconducting Transmission Line Resonator and the Double Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Guo, Guo-Ping
name: Zhang, Hui
name: Hu, Yong
name: Tu, Tao
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realization of controllable interaction between distant qubits is one of the major problems in scalable solid state quantum computing. We study a superconducting transmission line resonator (TLR) as a tunable dispersive coupler for the double-dot molecules. A general interaction Hamiltonian of $n$ two-electron spin-based qubits and the TLR is presented, where the double-dot qubits are biased at the large detuning region and the TLR is always empty and virtually excited. Our analysis o the main decoherence sources indicates that various major quantum operations can be reliably implemented with current technology.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
pFedGame -- Decentralized Federated Learning using Game Theory in Dynamic Topology
Creators: name: Behera, Monik Raj
name: Chakraborty, Suchetana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Conventional federated learning frameworks suffer from several challenges including performance bottlenecks at the central aggregation server, data bias, poor model convergence, and exposure to model poisoning attacks, and limited trust in the centralized infrastructure. In the current paper, a novel game theory-based approach called pFedGame is proposed for decentralized federated learning, best suitable for temporally dynamic networks. The proposed algorithm works without any centralized server for aggregation and incorporates the problem of vanishing gradients and poor convergence over temporally dynamic topology among federated learning participants. The solution comprises two sequential steps in every federated learning round, for every participant. First, it selects suitable peers for collaboration in federated learning. Secondly, it executes a two-player constant sum cooperative game to reach convergence by applying an optimal federated learning aggregation strategy. Experiments performed to assess the performance of pFedGame in comparison to existing methods in decentralized federated learning have shown promising results with accuracy higher than 70% for heterogeneous data.
title: Holistische Verifikation von Hybriden Quantenprogrammen durch Software Bounded Model Checking
Creators: name: Klamroth, Jonas
name: Scheerer, Max
name: Denninger, Oliver
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Bounded Model Checking
subject: Quantencomputing
subject: Verifikation
subject: hybride Quantenprogramme

description: Quantencomputer erschließen uns durch ihren überpolynomiellem Speedup neue Anwendungsfelder für schwer-berechenbare Probleme. Der Entwurf von Quantenalgorithmen ist bisher allerdings komplex und fehleranfällig. Daher ist zu erwarten, dass vorerst nur einzelne Subroutinen eines Programms auf Quantencomputern umgesetzt werden. Um die Korrektheit solcher Programme garantieren zu können, sind neue Ansätze erforderlich. In dieser Arbeit stellen wir einen Ansatz zum vollautomatischen Nachweis der Korrektheit von Programmen mit eingebetteten Quantenalgorithmen vor. Dazu bauen wir auf Bounded-Model-Checking-Verfahren auf, welche die Fehlerfreiheit hinsichtlich einer gegebenen Spezifikation beweisen können. Als Spezifikationssprache verwenden wir JML. Dabei werden die Quantenalgorithmen als Quantenschaltkreis beschrieben und in Java eingebettet. Wir zeigen die Umsetzbarkeit unseres Ansatzes an zwei etablierten Quantenalgorithmen.
title: Metamorphes Testen
Creators: name: Hamburg, Matthias
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Metamorphes Testen
subject: Testorakel
subject: Testverfahren
subject: künstliche Intelligenz

description: Metamorphes Testen ist ein relativ neues Testverfahren, das sich besonders gut eignet, wenn kein ausreichendes Testorakel verfügbar ist. Metamorphes Testen betrachtet mehrere Ausführungen des Testobjekts und prüft, ob die Eingaben und Ausgaben bei diesen Ausführungen zueinander konsistent sind. Die Konsistenzbedingungen werden meist aus der Spezifikation gewonnen. Erfüllt das Testobjekt bei einer Gruppe von Testfällen eine Konsistenzbedingung nicht wie erwartet, so wurde eine Fehlerwirkung gefunden. Der Beitrag stellt das Verfahren vor, ordnet es in die Testmethodik ein, gibt einen Überblick über die bisherigen Ergebnisse und bewertet die Anwendbarkeit.
Microscopic laser-driven high-energy colliders
Creators: name: Hatsagortsyan, Karen Z.
name: Müller, Carsten
name: Keitel, Christoph H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of a laser-guided $e^+e^-$ collider in the high-energy regime is presented and its feasibility discussed. Ultra-intense laser pulses and strong static magnetic fields are employed to unite in one stage the electron and positron acceleration and their head-on-head collision. We show that the resulting coherent collisions in the GeV regime yield an enormous enhancement of the luminosity with regard to conventional incoherent colliders.
Precision inertial sensing with quantum gases
Creators: name: Hensel, Thomas
name: Loriani, Sina
name: Schubert, Christian
name: Fitzek, Florian
name: Abend, Sven
name: Ahlers, Holger
name: Siemß, Jan-Niclas
name: Hammerer, Klemens
name: Rasel, Ernst Maria
name: Gaaloul, Naceur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum sensors based on light-pulse atom interferometers allow for high-precision measurements of inertial and electromagnetic forces such as the accurate determination of fundamental constants as the fine structure constant or testing foundational laws of modern physics as the equivalence principle. These schemes unfold their full performance when large interrogation times and/or large momentum transfer can be implemented. In this article, we demonstrate how precision interferometry can benefit from the use of Bose-Einstein condensed sources when the state of the art is challenged. We contrast systematic and statistical effects induced by Bose-Einstein condensed sources with thermal sources in three exemplary science cases of Earth- and space-based sensors.
description: 13 pages
Thermodynamic cost of reversible computing
Creators: name: Levitin, Lev B.
name: Toffoli, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since reversible computing requires preservation of all information throughout the entire computational process, this implies that all errors that appear as a result of the interaction of the information-carrying system with uncontrolled degrees of freedom must be corrected. But this can only be done at the expense of an increase in the entropy of the environment corresponding to the dissipation, in the form of heat, of the ``noisy'' part of the system's energy. This paper gives an expression of that energy in terms of the effective noise temperature, and analyzes the relationship between the energy dissipation rate and the rate of computation. Finally, a generalized Clausius principle based on the concept of effective temperature is presented.
description: 5 pages; added two paragraphs and fixed a number of typos
title: Maschinelles Lernen von CNN-Modellen zur Segmentierung von Störobjekten auf Gebäudefassaden auf Infrarot- und Farbbildern
Creators: name: Schlender, Klaus
name: Behrens, Grit
name: Creutzburg, Reiner
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Science
subject: Deep Neural Network
subject: Object Segmentation
subject: Region Proposal
subject: Convolutional Neural Network
subject: thermal images

description: Die Arbeit zeigt, dass es mit Hilfe von Technologien der künstlichen Intelligenz möglich ist, unerwünschte Objekte auf Infrarot- und Normalbildern zu segmentieren, um diese anschließend erfolgreich aus dem Bild entfernen zu können. Die in dieser Arbeit entwickelte Methode kann eingesetzt werden, um weitere Segmentierungsaufgaben zu übernehmen, die bei der Berechnung von thermischen Energieverlusten oder anderen Anwendungen hilfreich sind. Die vorgestellten Ergebnisse können im ENVIRON-Projekt "Environ - Entwicklung und Evaluation einer Intervention zur Vermeidung von durch energetische Sanierung ausgelösten Rebound-Effekten" anwendungsbezogen zu einer schnelleren Bewertung potentieller Energieverluste in sanierungsbedürftigen Gebäuden beitragen und entsprechend helfen, den Entscheidungsprozess für oder gegen eine Modernisierungsmaßnahme zu bewerten. In diesem Zusammenhang wird auch dazu beigetragen, unnötige C02-Emissionen von Gebäuden zu reduzieren und damit die Umwelt zu entlasten.
title: Maritime Spatial Planning and Integrated Coastal Zone Management in Higher Education: Utilizing the MSP Challenge Serious Game
Creators: name: Behrendt, Tanja
name: Ripken, Malena
name: Warmelink, Harald
name: Klenke,
name: Thomas,
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Higher Education
subject: Innovation
subject: Serious Gaming
subject: Maritime Spatial Planning
subject: Integrated Coastal Zone Management

description: Digitalization is gaining increasing attention in Higher Education (HE). The integration of digital tools into instructional settings is particularly challenging, However, it offers many opportunities to improve the learning process of students, especially in interdisciplinary teaching scenarios such as teaching sustainable usage of space and resources i.e. for the coastal zones and the marine areas. Worldwide, Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) and Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) are much needed approaches to manage and organize the increasing use of the sea and coastal areas. Both are complex fields that are attracting more and more attention in interdisciplinary HE. Correspondingly designed, the module ‘Planning and Management of Coastal Zones and Sea Basins’ at the University of Oldenburg, Germany, provides a case for integrating digital tools into HE. In 2020, the digital serious game ‘MSP Challenge´ was used in an online learning format. This interactive and collaborative tool supports informed decision making based on real and simulated data, comparable to business (decision) processes based on environmental information systems (EIS). Therefore, the MSP Challenge game fosters not only the understanding of the complex topic but additionally methodological skills which can be transferred to the usage EIS. While playing, students become able to (1) evaluate and simulate impacts of uses on coastal and marine environments, (2) describe the main interactions in ecosystems, (3) conceptualize information for sectoral or integrated MSP and (4) reflect on the role and use of data. In the presented case master students studying “Water and Coastal Management” participated in the module. Moreover, the digital serious game and the interdisciplinary topics of MSP and ICZM provides additional opportunities to explore subtopics (e.g. IT-related) from other disciplinary perspectives.
Production experiment, subject 52
Creators: name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: kdt

description: Target and distractor stimuli embedded in carrier sentences. Subject is a 30-year-old female. Carried out in a quiet room in the temple of Wat Nakharin in Ban Khi Nak.
title: WireGraph - Entwicklung eines Lernspiels mit Prosumentenumgebung zur Förderung der fachlichen und digitalen Kompetenz von Wirtschaftsstudierenden
Creators: name: Fleiner, Christian
name: Grümmer, Julian: Zvekan
name: Harth, Andreas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Audit
subject: Big Data
subject: DigComp
subject: Digitalisierung
subject: Educational Game
subject: Interaktive Lehre
subject: Linked Data
subject: Prosument
subject: Wissensgraph
subject: Wirecard

description: Die Europäische Kommission warnt davor, dass die Entwicklung der Digitalisierung unzureichend in der Hochschullehre beachtet wird. Vielen Absolventen:innen mangelt es an digitaler Kompetenz. Dem steht gegenüber, dass die digitalen Anforderungen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt stetig wachsen. Dies gilt auch für Berufe des Finanzbereichs. Um die Vermittlung von digitaler Kompetenz in die Lehre miteinzubinden, eignet sich das von der Europäischen Kommission vorgeschlagene Referenzmodell der digitalen Kompetenz. Es besteht allerdings ein großer Forschungsbedarf, wie das Referenzmodell explizit in die Lehre übertragen werden kann. In diesem Beitrag wird das Konzept des Lernspiels WireGraph vorgestellt, mit dem Studierende der Wirtschaftswissenschaften die Arbeit mit Wissensgraphen erlernen, um den Wirecard-Skandal aufzuarbeiten. Dazu wird eine Prosumentenumgebung gestellt, mit der der Kompetenzbereich Erstellung digitaler Inhalte des Referenzmodells vollständig und über alle Leistungsniveaus hinweg vermittelt wird. Dabei erlernen Studierende nicht nur die Grundlagen von RDF und SPARQL, sondern können diese auch gezielt für ihre Ideen und weiteres Fachwissen einsetzen.