cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
AMBER on the VLTI: data processing and calibration issues
Creators: name: Millour, Florentin
name: Petrov, Romain
name: Malbet, Fabien
name: Tatulli, Eric
name: Duvert, Gilles
name: Zins, Gérard
name: Altariba, Evelyne
name: Vannier, Martin
name: Hernandez, Oscar
name: Causi, Gianluca Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here the current performances of the AMBER / VLTI instrument for standard use and compare these with the offered modes of the instrument. We show that the instrument is able to reach its specified precision only for medium and high spectral resolution modes, differential observables and bright objects. For absolute observables, the current achievable accuracy is strongly limited by the vibrations of the Unit Telescopes, and also by the observing procedure which does not take into account the night-long transfer function monitoring. For low-resolution mode, the current limitation is more in the data reduction side, since several effects negligible at medium spectral resolution are not taken into account in the current pipeline. Finally, for faint objects (SNR around 1 per spectral channel), electromagnetic interferences in the VLTI interferometric laboratory with the detector electronics prevents currently to get unbiased measurements. Ideas are under study to correct in the data processing side this effect, but a hardware fix should be investigated seriously since it limits seriously the effective limiting magnitude of the instrument.
description: 10 pages
Solid-Fluid Interaction with Surface-Tension-Dominant Contact
Creators: name: Ruan, Liangwang
name: Liu, Jinyuan
name: Zhu, Bo
name: Sueda, Shinjiro
name: Wang, Bin
name: Chen, Baoquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a novel three-way coupling method to model the contact interaction between solid and fluid driven by strong surface tension. At the heart of our physical model is a thin liquid membrane that simultaneously couples to both the liquid volume and the rigid objects, facilitating accurate momentum transfer, collision processing, and surface tension calculation. This model is implemented numerically under a hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian framework where the membrane is modelled as a simplicial mesh and the liquid volume is simulated on a background Cartesian grid. We devise a monolithic solver to solve the interactions among the three systems of liquid, solid, and membrane. We demonstrate the efficacy of our method through an array of rigid-fluid contact simulations dominated by strong surface tension, which enables the faithful modeling of a host of new surface-tension-dominant phenomena including: objects with higher density than water can keep afloat on top of it; 'Cheerios effect' about floating objects that do not normally float attract one another; surface tension weakening effect caused by surface-active constituents.
Sparse SYK and traversable wormholes
Creators: name: Caceres, Elena
name: Misobuchi, Anderson
name: Pimentel, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate two sparse Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) systems coupled by a bilinear term as a holographic quantum mechanical description of an eternal traversable wormhole in the low temperature limit. Each SYK system consists of $N$ Majorana fermions coupled by random $q$-body interactions. The degree of sparseness is captured by a regular hypergraph in such a way that the Hamiltonian contains exactly $k\,N$ independent terms. We improve on the theoretical understanding of the sparseness property by using known measures of hypergraph expansion. We show that the sparse version of the two coupled SYK model is gapped with a ground state close to a thermofield double state. Using Krylov subspace and parallelization techniques, we simulate the system for $q=4$ and $q=8.$ The sparsity of the model allows us to explore larger values of $N$ than the ones existing in the literature for the all-to-all SYK. We analyze in detail the two-point functions and the transmission amplitude of signals between the two systems. We identify a range of parameters where revivals obey the scaling predicted by holography and signals can be interpreted as traversing the wormhole.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures, published version
Investigating Performance Portability Of A Highly Scalable Particle-In-Cell Simulation Code On Various Multi-Core Architectures
Creators: name: Worpitz, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: alpaka
CUDA
HPC
GPU
OpenMP
computer science
performance portability
portability

description: The alpaka library defines and implements an abstract hierarchical redundant parallelism model. This model exploits parallelism and memory hierarchies on a node at all levels available in current hardware. This allows to achieve portability of performant codes across various types of accelerators by ignoring specific unsupported levels and utilizing only the ones supported on a specific accelerator. All hardware types (multi- and many-core CPUs, GPUs and other accelerators) are treated and can be programmed in the same way. The C++ template interface provided allows for straightforward extension of the library to support other accelerators and specialization of its internals for optimization.
Effects of thermal emission on Chandrasekhar's semi-infinite diffuse reflection problem
Creators: name: Sengupta, Soumya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: The analytical results of Chandrasekhar's semi-infinite diffuse reflection problem is crucial in the context of stellar or planetary atmosphere. However, the atmospheric emission effect was not taken into account in this model, and the solutions are applicable only for diffusely scattering atmosphere in absence of emission. Aim: We extend the model of semi-infinite diffuse reflection problem by including the effects of thermal emission B(T ), and present how this affects Chandrasekhar's analytical end results. Hence, we aim to generalize Chandrasekhar's model to provide a complete picture of this problem. Method: We use Invariance Principle Method to find the radiative transfer equation accurate for diffuse reflection in presence of B(T ). Then we derive the modified scattering function S($μ,ϕ; μ_0 , ϕ_0$ ) for different kind of phase functions. Results: We find that, the scattering function S($μ, ϕ; μ_0 , ϕ_0$ ) as well as diffusely reflected specific intensity $I(0, μ; μ_0 )$ for different phase functions are modified due to the emission $B(T)$ from layer $τ = 0$. In both cases, B(T) is added to the results of only scattering case derived by Chandrasekhar, with some multiplicative factors. Thus the diffusely reflected spectra will be enriched and carries the temperature information of $τ = 0$ layer. As the effects are additive in nature, hence our model reduces to the sub-case of Chandrasekhar's scattering model in case of $B(T) = 0$. We conclude that our generalized model provides more accurate results due to the inclusion of the thermal emission effect in Chandrasekhar's semi-infinite atmosphere problem.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures, Accepted in The Astrophysical Journal
Stability and Causality in relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Denicol, G. S.
name: Kodama, T.
name: Koide, T.
name: Mota, Ph.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stability and causality of the Landau-Lifshitz theory and the Israel-Stewart type causal dissipative hydrodynamics are discussed. We show that the problem of acausality and instability are correlated in relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics and instability is induced by acausality. We further discuss the stability of the scaling solution. The scaling solution of the causal dissipative hydrodynamics can be unstable against inhomogeneous perturbations.
description: 16 pages, 18 figures
Realizzazione di espansi biodegradabili a porosità controllata mediante l’utilizzo combinato di elementi porogeni ed agenti espandenti per applicazioni biomediche
Creators: name: Salerno, Aurelio
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2008

description: Il design di scaffolds biocompatibili e biodegradabili capaci di guidare i processi di rigenerazione tissutale rappresenta uno dei più importanti obiettivi dell’ingegneria dei tessuti. Il controllo delle proprietà
microstrutturali degli scaffolds, in particolare porosità, dimensione ed orientazione dei pori, grado di interconnessione e distribuzione spaziale è infatti necessario per la realizzazione di tessuti biologici funzionali, invitro o in vivo.
Questo lavoro di tesi è stato quindi finalizzato al design di materiali espansi a porosità controllata mediante la combinazione delle tecniche del gas foaming e del reverse templating. In particolare, due differenti tipologie di agente templante, microparticellare e continuo,
sono state selezionate per controllare le proprietà di schiumatura del gas e realizzare scaffolds di PCL con proprietà microstrutturali idonee per la rigenerazione dei tessuti biologici.
Lo studio dei processi di espansione di materiali compositi
PCL/NaCl, a differenti distribuzioni dimensionali di microparticelle templanti (5μm e 300-500μm), ha permesso la realizzazione di scaffolds di PCL a porosità controllata. Il controllo della porosità totale, nel range
78-93% e, della dimensione dei pori, fra 10 e 500μm, è stato ottenuto variando la percentuale e la dimensione di agente templante, la composizione dell’agente espandente e la temperatura di foaming.
Elevate velocità di caduta di pressione sono inoltre indispensabili per l’ottenimento di porosità altamente interconnesse. Controllando infine la distribuzione spaziale di agente templante è stato possibile realizzare
scaffolds caratterizzati da gradienti spaziali di porosità e dimensione dei pori.
Rispetto ai templanti microparticellari, l’impiego di agenti templanti continui, ha permesso la realizzazione di scaffolds di PCL a porosità controllata con proprietà meccaniche superiori. Le basse concentrazioni di agente templante (40%V) e, l’ottimizzazione del processo di foaming ha portato alla realizzazione di scaffolds di PCL con porosità totale (variabile nel range 60-90%) e proprietà meccaniche (ECS nel range 1.7 a 10MPa) ottimali anche per la rigenerazione dei tessuti duri. Le proprietà di biocompatibilità in vitro di questi scaffolds, valutate
impiegando cellule staminali mesenchimali, hanno inoltre evidenziato la capacità di questi substrati di promuovere i processi di adesione, proliferazione e migrazione cellulare.
Il lavoro sviluppato in questi tre anni di dottorato di ricerca ha messo in luce le grandi potenzialità della tecnica di gas foaming applicata a sistemi multifasici, nel design di scaffolds biodegradabili con proprietà microstrutturali e di biocompatibilità idonee alla
rigenerazione dei tessuti biologici.
Shaping convex edges in borosilicate glass by single pass perforation with an Airy beam
Creators: name: Sohr, David
name: Thomas, Jens Ulrich
name: Skupin, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate curved modifications with lengths of up to 2 mm within borosilicate glass produced by single 1030 nm picosecond laser shots with an Airy beam profile. Plasma ignition in the side lobes of the beam as well as surface damage prove to be the crucial limitations for confined bulk energy deposition on a curved trajectory. A combined experimental and numerical analysis reveals optimum laser parameters for confined bulk energy deposition. This way we achieved single pass cutting of a 525 $μ$m thick glass sheet with a well defined convex edge down to a bending radius of 774 $μ$m.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
The effects of turbulence enhancement on the performance of a spark-ignition engine
Creators: name: Dymala-Dolesky, Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: An attempt has been undertaken to enhance turbulence in an S.I. engine at the final stage of the compression stroke, without affecting the intake process. The method employed to control the turbulence level made use of an original design called the squish-jet combustion chamber. The design had potential to generate jets in the chamber before CTDC and thus create dramatically different turbulent flow patterns. Natural gas, a slow burning fuel, was used for performance tests, and different levels of turbulence were expected to markedly affect the combustion process. A flow visualization experiment was performed under conditions similar to a motored engine. As a result, the jet development in the squish-jet type combustion chamber was documented. A new type of a flat cylinder head, and a set of squish-jet pistons were designed and manufactured. Experiments conducted on the redesigned Ricardo Hydra, single cylinder research engine, evaluated the influence of the squish-jet chamber on the mixture motion and the engine performance over a wide range of operating conditions. The jet velocities were measured with a hot wire probe located in the piston bowl, and turbulence parameters with a probe inserted through a cylinder head. The squish-jet design was evaluated for 6 different configurations. As a result it has been established that the squish-jet design does not create jets strong enough to dramatically enhance the turbulent flow field. The design, however, diminished the squish effect which is shown to be very important for the middle part of flame development. The simple squish design produces faster burning rate in the first half of the combustion process and develops the highest peak pressures. Variabilities of both cyclic IMEP and peak pressure are found to be unaffected by the presence or absence of strong squish motion. This suggests that the most important phase of combustion for the cyclic variation is the initial stage of the flame development. A comparison of ensembled pressure signals between combustion chamber designs, conducted at RAFR=1.00 and at RAFR=1.25 shows less dispersion in the latter case. It appears that at lean operation mixture motion influences combustion process to a lesser degree than at stochiometric conditions.
Planning for autonomous vehicles : ridesharing and traffic control
Creators: name: Venkatraman, Prashanth
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2018
Subjects: SAV
AIM
Autonomous vehicles
Ridesharing
Traffic control
Shared autonomous vehicle routing
Autonomous intersection management system
Tabu search heuristic
Traffic congestion

description: This report address two problems that could drive the adoption of autonomous vehicles (AV) – shared autonomous vehicle routing (SAV) problem and the autonomous intersection management system (AIM) location problem. The SAV routing problem is finding the optimal SAV to passenger matching as well as the SAV route choice. Since widespread use of SAVs would have significant effects on traffic congestion, we develop a new tabu search heuristic for the SAV routing problem under the influence of traffic congestion. The algorithm aims to minimize traveler’s travel time. It considers several adjacent solutions by repeatedly swapping travelers between SAV routes. A nearest traveler neighborhood is defined to choose travelers to consider for the swap procedure. The Sioux Falls network is used to test the performance of the heuristic with varying demand and fleet sizes. The heuristic is found to produce encouraging results in reducing the total passenger travel time. A series of experiments are performed to understand the sensitivity of the heuristic to its parameters and the effects of congestion. The AIM location problem is the problem of optimally locating AIMs in a network so as to improve the experienced travel times in the network. Traditional traffic signals are inefficient in taking advantage of the benefits of AVs. Previous studies show that full adoption of AIMs in a network is not necessarily an improvement. This report aims to develop a framework which can be used to identify the intersections where an implementation of AIMs is beneficial. To do so, two models are proposed. First, a regression model is developed to classify intersections based on their performance. Second, the AIM location problem is formulated as an optimization problem and a genetic algorithm is developed to identify the optimal distribution of AIMs in a network. Both approaches are tested on the downtown Austin network and are compared for their performance
Uncovering audio patterns in music with Nonnegative Tucker Decomposition for structural segmentation
Creators: name: Marmoret, Axel
name: Cohen, Jérémy E.
name: Bertin, Nancy
name: Bimbot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: H.5.5

description: Recent work has proposed the use of tensor decomposition to model repetitions and to separate tracks in loop-based electronic music. The present work investigates further on the ability of Nonnegative Tucker Decompositon (NTD) to uncover musical patterns and structure in pop songs in their audio form. Exploiting the fact that NTD tends to express the content of bars as linear combinations of a few patterns, we illustrate the ability of the decomposition to capture and single out repeated motifs in the corresponding compressed space, which can be interpreted from a musical viewpoint. The resulting features also turn out to be efficient for structural segmentation, leading to experimental results on the RWC Pop data set which are potentially challenging state-of-the-art approaches that rely on extensive example-based learning schemes.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures; Code and experiments details available at https://gitlab.inria.fr/amarmore/musicntd/-/tree/0.1.0; Experiments details available at https://ax-le.github.io/resources/ISMIR2020/Notebooks_mainpage.html
Comparative study of complex N- and O-bearing molecules in hot molecular cores
Creators: name: Fontani, F.
name: Pascucci, I.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Wyrowski, F.
name: Cesaroni, R.
name: Walmsley, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed several emission lines of two Nitrogen-bearing (C2H5CN and C2H3CN) and two Oxygen-bearing (CH3OCH3 and HCOOCH3) molecules towards a sample of well-known hot molecular cores (HMCs) in order to check whether the chemical differentiation seen in the Orion-HMC and W3(H_2O) between O- and N-bearing molecules is a general property of HMCs. With the IRAM-30m telescope we have observed 12 HMCs in 21 bands, centered at frequencies from 86250 to 258280 MHz. The rotational temperatures obtained range from ~100 to ~150 K in these HMCs. Single Gaussian fits performed to unblended lines show a marginal difference in the line peak velocities of the C2H5CN and CH3OCH3 lines, indicating a possible spatial separation between the region traced by the two molecules. On the other hand, neither the linewidths nor the rotational temperatures and column densities confirm such a result. By comparing the abundance ratio of the pair C2H5CN/C2H3CN with the predictions of theoretical models, we derive that the age of our cores ranges between 3.7 and 5.9x10^{4} yrs. The abundances of C2H5CN and C2H3CN are strongly correlated, as expected from theory which predicts that C2H3CN is formed through gas phase reactions involving C2H5CN. A correlation is also found between the abundances of C2H3CN and CH3OCH3, and C2H5CN and CH3OCH3. In all tracers the fractional abundances increase with the H_2 column density while they are not correlated with the gas temperature.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 56 pages
title: Les compétences infirmières spécifiques mobilisées lors de secours préhospitaliers, en situation d'évènements majeurs non planifiés
title: Les compétences infirmières spécifiques mobilisées lors de secours préhospitaliers, en situation d'évènements majeurs non planifiés
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Aubort, Loïc
name: Ricciardi, Amandine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: compétences infirmières
subject: catastrophes
subject: évènements majeurs
subject: secours préhospitaliers
subject: caring bureaucratique

description: Contexte Qu’elles soient d’origine humaine ou naturelle, les situations de catastrophe impliquant de nombreuses victimes sont en constante augmentation dans l’ensemble des pays du monde. Une hausse de 60% de ces évènements majeurs a été relevée durant cette dernière décennie et le nombre de victimes et d’impliqués est de plus en plus conséquent. Dans ce contexte, la réponse sanitaire doit être adaptée et les professionnels impliqués doivent être préparés au mieux pour y faire face. Les infirmières, en tant que plus grand groupe de professionnels de la santé, sont en première ligne et jouent un rôle primordial. Objectif Le but de ce travail consiste à identifier la place de l’infirmière lors de ces situations de catastrophe au travers de ses compétences spécifiques. Méthode La stratégie de recherche documentaire s’est appuyée principalement sur les bases de données CINAHL et Pubmed ainsi que sur le cross-referencing. Six articles ont finalement été sélectionnés et analysés en regard de la théorie du caring bureaucratique de Marylin Ray. Résultats Les connaissances générales jugées plutôt insuffisantes des infirmières lors de secours préhospitaliers ont abouti à ce que les auteurs s’attardent sur le niveau de préparation des infirmières dans ce contexte spécifique. Les formations continues, les exercices et les expériences pratiques sont des moyens estimés efficaces pour l’acquisition de connaissances et de compétences. Discussion La motivation des infirmières à développer des compétences spécifiques au secours préhospitalier est un atout majeur dans la phase de préparation. Une formation adéquate, qui comprend un enseignement pré-grade ainsi qu’un renforcement des connaissances par une pratique avancée lors de formation postgrade, permettrait aux infirmières de développer des compétences ciblées pour répondre efficacement aux besoins des victimes.
The function of Stat5 in Atherosclerosis pathology process
Creators: name: Sun, Yan
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2021
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Transcriptome or Gene expression
Other
CD4+ T cells from mice spleen by MACS beads
Model animal/organism

description: Atherosclerosis is the underlying basis for most cardiovascular diseases. It is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the accumulation of lipid-loaded macrophages in the arterial wall. Recent studies demonstrated that T cell infiltrates into aorta plaque and plays an important role in recruiting macrophages to the vascular wall. In T cell, STAT5 (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5) is a central coordinator of inflammatory responses through cytokine activation and is implicated in the T cell subsets development. However, whether STAT5 in T cell regulates the development of atherosclerosis remained unknown. Here we found that in the high-cholesterol-high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced atherosclerosis mouse model, Stat5-conditonal Knockout in CD4+ T cells (Stat5CD4KO) resulted in lower inflammation level and had fewer CD4+ T cells in spleen and blood. Surprisingly, Stat5CD4KO displayed reduced serum cholesterol level at the advance atherosclerosis stage, which contributed to the amelioration of the atherosclerosis pathology. We found that Stat5CD4KO mice reduced the serum cholesterol level by increasing hepatic cholesterol uptake/metabolism. To sum up, our work discovered that loss of Stat5 in T cell ameliorates atherosclerosis symptoms via two independent pathways: it not only directly reduces the local vascular inflammatory level, but also lowers the serum cholesterol level via the crosstalk between T cells and hepatic cells. Therefore, STAT5 could be a promising drug target to treat atherosclerosis through suppressing inflammation and regulating cholesterol.
Fasting
Creators: name: 刘, 兵行
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2021
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Multispecies
Medical

description: The program was conducted following a specific protocol that has been commercially available under the supervision of medical doctors, including 7 days of water-only fasting with exercises courses and 21 days of refeeding with nutrition recommendations. During the fasting period, blood and urine samples are collected regularly per day, and stool samples are collected when possible. At the recovering stage, blood, urine and stool samples are collected at certain time points. We then generated transcriptome, proteome, blood clinical routines and metabolome from blood samples, urine clinical routines and metabolome from urine samples, bacterial metagenome from stool samples following laboratory experimental protocols advised by vendors and bioinformatics common practice. This study had two objectives: 1) Establish a data-driven integrative approach of multi-dimensional longitudinal health data. 2) By systematically investigating molecular dynamics during fasting, uncover the feature of biologically changes.
AI and Shared Prosperity
Creators: name: Klinova, Katya
name: Korinek, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: J.4; K.4.1

description: Future advances in AI that automate away human labor may have stark implications for labor markets and inequality. This paper proposes a framework to analyze the effects of specific types of AI systems on the labor market, based on how much labor demand they will create versus displace, while taking into account that productivity gains also make society wealthier and thereby contribute to additional labor demand. This analysis enables ethically-minded companies creating or deploying AI systems as well as researchers and policymakers to take into account the effects of their actions on labor markets and inequality, and therefore to steer progress in AI in a direction that advances shared prosperity and an inclusive economic future for all of humanity.
Perspectives on individual animal identification from biology and computer vision
Creators: name: Vidal, Maxime
name: Wolf, Nathan
name: Rosenberg, Beth
name: Harris, Bradley P.
name: Mathis, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Identifying individual animals is crucial for many biological investigations. In response to some of the limitations of current identification methods, new automated computer vision approaches have emerged with strong performance. Here, we review current advances of computer vision identification techniques to provide both computer scientists and biologists with an overview of the available tools and discuss their applications. We conclude by offering recommendations for starting an animal identification project, illustrate current limitations and propose how they might be addressed in the future.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, 2 boxes and 1 table
Optical Characterisation of MOVPE Grown Vertically Correlated InAs/GaAs Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Hazdra, P.
name: Voves, J.
name: Oswald, J.
name: Kuldova, K.
name: Hospodkova, A.
name: Hulicius, E.
name: Pangrac, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structures with self-organised InAs quantum dots in a GaAs matrix were grown by the low pressure metal-organic vapour phase epitaxy (LP-MOVPE) technique. Photoluminescence in combination with photomodulated reflectance spectroscopy were used as the main characterisation methods for the growth optimisation. Results show that photoreflectance spectroscopy is an excellent tool for characterisation of QD structures wetting layers (thickness and composition) and for identification of spacers in vertically stacked QDs structures.
description: Submitted on behalf of TIMA Editions (http://irevues.inist.fr/tima-editions)
（合并项目）细胞与胚胎发育多组学研究及应用
Creators: name: li, jinlu
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2021
Subjects: Transcriptome or Gene expression
Monoisolate
Other
间充质干细胞（MSCs）存在个体差异（如遗传背景、年龄、健康状态等）、组织来源、培养条件等所导致的高异质性，是影响其体外增殖分化效率和体内治疗效果的重要因素，而无创采集的脐带作为MSCs最为丰富的组织来源，迫切需要描述其细胞图谱及功能亚群特点

description: 间充质干细胞（mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs）是一类来源于中胚层、在合适的诱导条件下可向成骨、软骨、神经等多种组织细胞分化的成体干细胞。近期研究表明，MSCs细胞本身具有组织修复能力外，还可通过分泌免疫调节因子、细胞生长因子等来响应炎症反应，从而具有免疫调节及赋予组织周围细胞帮助组织修复的能力，其被应用于骨损伤、骨关节炎、老年痴呆等多种疾病的临床研究中。MSCs来源丰富，易于分离、扩增、运输和储存，并易于标准化制备，极具产业化和临床应用前景。然而已有研究发现，MSCs不同组织来源、供体年龄及培养体系等因素均会引入MSCs的生物学活性差异，表现出明显的细胞异质性，也是阻碍进一步临床应用的主要困难之一。 本项目通过单细胞转录组测序技术，对脐带组织及脐带来源的间充质干细胞P5代细胞进行异质性及功能亚群的研究。目前已经完成了对单细胞RNA-seq数据的质控，完成了脐带组织的细胞图谱及脐带来源的间充质干细胞P5代细胞图谱的构建，鉴定了特定MSCs分化潜能亚群的分子特征，后续将进一步根据各细胞亚群的分子特征对其功能进行解析，重点筛选免疫原性低、自我更新能力强以及免疫调节因子释放潜能高的功能亚群，并结合功能亚群的表达谱特征，筛选膜蛋白标记物，为分选特定MSCs功能亚群提供有效的筛选生物标志物。本研究将有助对脐带MSCs异质性的理解，并为后续干细胞临床应用提供理论和数据支撑
Geometric phase for non-Hermitian Hamiltonian evolution as anholonomy of a parallel transport along a curve
Creators: name: Sinitsyn, N. A.
name: Saxena, Avadh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new interpretation of the geometric phase in evolution with a non-Hermitian real value Hamiltonian by relating it to the angle developed during the parallel transport along a closed curve by a unit vector triad in the 3D-Minkovsky space. We also show that this geometric phase is responsible for the anholonomy effects in stochastic processes considered in [N. A. Sinitsyn and I. Nemenman, EPL {\bf 77}, 58001 (2007)], and use it to derive the stochastic system response to periodic parameter variations.
description: 10 pages 2 figures
Possible manifestation of spin fluctuations in the temperature behavior of resistivity in Sm_{1.85}Ce_{0.15}CuO_4 thin films
Creators: name: Sergeenkov, S.
name: Lanfredi, A. J. C.
name: Araujo-Moreira, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A pronounced step-like (kink) behavior in the temperature dependence of resistivity $ρ(T)$ is observed in the optimally-doped $Sm_{1.85}Ce_{0.15}CuO_4$ thin films around $T_{sf}=87K$ and attributed to manifestation of strong spin fluctuations induced by $Sm^{3+}$ moments with the energy $\hbar ω_{sf}=k_BT_{sf}\simeq 7meV$. In addition to fluctuation induced contribution $ρ_{sf}(T)$ due to thermal broadening effects (of the width $ω_{sf}$), the experimental data are found to be well fitted accounting for residual (zero-temperature) $ρ_{res}$, electron-phonon $ρ_{e-ph}(T)=AT$ and electron-electron $ρ_{e-e}(T)=BT^2$ contributions. The best fits produced $ω_p=2.1meV$, $τ_0^{-1}=9.5\times 10^{-14}s^{-1}$, $λ=1.2$, and $E_F=0.2eV$ for estimates of the plasmon frequency, the impurity scattering rate, electron-phonon coupling constant, and the Fermi energy, respectively.
description: 6 pages (REVTEX4), 2 EPS figures; accepted for publication in JETP Letters
Mathematical modelling of the combined effects of vortex-induced vibration and galloping
Creators: name: Corless, Robert Malcolm
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In this thesis a mathematical model for the combined effects of vortex-induced oscillation and galloping of a square section cylinder in cross flow is examined. The model equations are obtained by simply combining Parkinson and Smith's Quasi-Steady Model for galloping with the Hartlen-Currie model for vortex-induced vibration, which is essentially the same model used by Bouclin in the hydrodynamic case. The semi-empirical model is solved using three popular approximate analytical methods, and the methods of solution are evaluated. The solution of the model is compared with recent experimental data. The methods of solution used are the Method of Van Der Pol, (also called the method of Harmonic Balance), the Method of Multiple Scales, and some results from the Hopf Bifurcation Theory. The Method of Multiple Scales provides the most useful solutions, getting good results even with just the ༠(1) terms, although the next-order terms are necessary for the solution in the resonance regions. The phenomenon of subharmonic resonance, observed in recent experiments, is also observed in the solution of the model equations.
A Comparison between 1.5$μ$m Photoluminescence from Er-Doped Si-Rich Sio2 Films and (Er,Ge) Co-Doped Sio2 Films
Creators: name: Mayandi, J.
name: Finstad, T. G.
name: Heng, C. L.
name: Li, Y. J.
name: Thogersen., A.
name: Foss, S.
name: Klette, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the 1.5 $μ$m photoluminescence (PL) from Er ions after annealing two different sample sets in the temperature range 500 °C to 1100 °C. The different sample sets were made by magnetron sputtering from composite targets of Si+SiO2+Er and Ge+SiO2+Er respectively for the different sample sets. The annealing induces Si - and Ge-nanoclusters respectively in the different film sets. The PL peak reaches its maximum intensity after annealing at 700 °C for samples with Ge nanoclusters and after annealing at 800 °C for samples with Si. No luminescence from nanoclusters was detected in neither sample sets. This is interpreted as an energy transfer from the nanocluster to Er atoms. Transmission electron microscopy shows that after annealing to the respective temperature yielding the maximum PL intensity both the Ge and Si clusters are non-crystalline. Here we mainly compare the spectral shape of Er luminescence emitted in these different nanostructured matrixes. The PL spectral shapes are clearly different and witness a different local environment for the Er ions.
description: Submitted on behalf of TIMA Editions (http://irevues.inist.fr/tima-editions)
DropLoss for Long-Tail Instance Segmentation
Creators: name: Hsieh, Ting-I
name: Robb, Esther
name: Chen, Hwann-Tzong
name: Huang, Jia-Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Long-tailed class distributions are prevalent among the practical applications of object detection and instance segmentation. Prior work in long-tail instance segmentation addresses the imbalance of losses between rare and frequent categories by reducing the penalty for a model incorrectly predicting a rare class label. We demonstrate that the rare categories are heavily suppressed by correct background predictions, which reduces the probability for all foreground categories with equal weight. Due to the relative infrequency of rare categories, this leads to an imbalance that biases towards predicting more frequent categories. Based on this insight, we develop DropLoss -- a novel adaptive loss to compensate for this imbalance without a trade-off between rare and frequent categories. With this loss, we show state-of-the-art mAP across rare, common, and frequent categories on the LVIS dataset.
description: Code at https://github.com/timy90022/DropLoss
Optimal Dynamical Decoherence Control of a Qubit
Creators: name: Gordon, Goren
name: Kurizki, Gershon
name: Lidar, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory of dynamical control by modulation for optimal decoherence reduction is developed. It is based on the non-Markovian Euler-Lagrange equation for the energy-constrained field that minimizes the average dephasing rate of a qubit for any given dephasing spectrum.
description: 6 pages, including 2 figures and an appendix
CMB polarization analysis on circular scans
Creators: name: Li, Jia-Rui
name: Li, Chunlong
name: Jiang, Jie
name: Cai, Yi-Fu
name: Delabrouille, Jacques
name: Wu, Deliang
name: Li, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most cosmic microwave background experiments observe the sky along circular or near-circular scans on the celestial sphere. For such experiments, we show that simple linear systems connect the Fourier spectra of temperature and polarization time-ordered data to the harmonic spectra of T, E and B on the sphere. We show how this can be used to estimate those spectra directly from data streams. In addition, the inversion of the linear system that connects Fourier spectra to angular power spectra offers a natural way to down-weight those modes of observation most contaminated by low-frequency noise, ground pickup, or fluctuations of atmospheric emission on large angular scale. This can be of interest for the analysis of future CMB data sets, as an alternative or in complement to other approaches that involve map-making as a first analysis step.
Holographic and QFT Complexity with angular momentum
Creators: name: Bernamonti, Alice
name: Bigazzi, Francesco
name: Billo, Davide
name: Faggi, Lapo
name: Galli, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of angular momentum on quantum complexity for CFT states holographically dual to rotating black holes. Using the holographic complexity=action (CA) and complexity=volume (CV) proposals, we study the full time dependence of complexity and the complexity of formation for two dimensional states dual to rotating BTZ. The obtained results and their dependence on angular momentum turn out to be analogous to those of charged states dual to Reissner-Nordström AdS black holes. For CA, our computation carefully accounts for the counterterm in the gravity action, which was not included in previous analysis in the literature. This affects the complexity early time dependence and its effect becomes negligible close to extremality. In the grand canonical ensemble, the CA and CV complexity of formation are linear in the temperature, and diverge with the same structure in the speed of light angular velocity limit. For CA the inclusion of the counterterm is crucial for both effects. We also address the problem of studying holographic complexity for higher dimensional rotating black holes, focusing on the four dimensional Kerr-AdS case. Carefully taking into account all ingredients, we show that the late time limit of the CA growth rate saturates the expected bound, and find the CV complexity of formation of large black holes diverges in the critical angular velocity limit. Our holographic analysis is complemented by the study of circuit complexity in a two dimensional free scalar model for a thermofield double (TFD) state with angular momentum. We show how this can be given a description in terms of non-rotating TFD states introducing mode-by-mode effective temperatures and times. We comment on the similarities and differences of the holographic and QFT complexity results.
description: 82 pages, 29 figures. v2: references added, minor typos corrected, published version
Whole-transcriptome sequencing of HCC827 cells and AZD9291-resistance HCC827/AZDR cells
Creators: name: 唐晓楠(Xiaonan Tang)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2021
Subjects: Transcriptome or Gene expression
Multiisolate
Medical

description: The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying osimertinib (AZD9291) resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells(HCC827). Overall design: The gene expression profiles of AZD9291-resistant EGFR-mutated cells (HCC827/AZDR) and its parental cells (HCC827) were comparatively evaluated by whole-transcriptome sequencing. The potential drug-resistant related genes was screened from differentially expressed genes between HCC827 cells and HCC827/AZDR cells.
Looking for (and not finding) a bulk brane
Creators: name: Reeves, Wyatt
name: Rozali, Moshe
name: Simidzija, Petar
name: Sully, James
name: Waddell, Christopher
name: Wakeham, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When does a holographic CFT with a boundary added to it (a BCFT) also have a `good' holographic dual with a localized gravitating end-of-the-world brane? We argue that the answer to this question is almost never. By studying Lorentzian BCFT correlators, we characterize constraints imposed on a BCFT by the existence of a bulk causal structure. We argue that approximate `bulk brane' singularities place restrictive constraints on the spectrum of a BCFT that are not expected to be true generically. We discuss how similar constraints implied by bulk causality might apply in higher-dimensional holographic descriptions of BCFTs involving a degenerating internal space. We suggest (although do not prove) that even these higher-dimensional holographic duals are not generic.
description: Minor edits to v1 (comments and citations added in footnotes); acknowledgments added
Commissions of inquiry and participation in Canada
Creators: name: MacVay, Iain
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Commissions of Inquiry have been used as public policy instruments for hundreds of years by governments in Britain and since before confederation by governments in Canada. Over the years, the principle function of commissions has varied from minor investigations of specific instances of wrongdoing, to wide ranging investigations of major public policy issues. In Canada, a shift occurred from the former function to the latter during the 1930s and 1940s. Since the 1930s, Canadian commissions have also begun to actively encourage participation by members of the public in commission hearings. This paper examines participation before commissions of both the traditional type and the modern type, with an emphasis on commissions which held hearings in the 1930s and those which held hearings in the 1970s. Sample commissions were chosen from both periods, and from both federal and provincial jurisdictions. Analysis of the participation data collected reveals that commissions have experienced a shift in the types of participants appearing before them from well-funded, highly organized interest groups and corporations in the hearings of traditional commmissions to voluntary groups and individuals in the hearings of modern commissions. Some consideration is given in the paper to the different mechanisms adopted by modern commissions to encourage and facilitate participation by people and groups with few resources. In particular, it is concluded from an analysis of the participation data that the number of locations at which commissions hold hearings has a substantial impact on participation by people and groups with few resources.
Age Range Estimation using MTCNN and VGG-Face Model
Creators: name: Gyawali, Dipesh
name: Pokharel, Prashanga
name: Chauhan, Ashutosh
name: Shakya, Subodh Chandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Convolutional Neural Network has amazed us with its usage on several applications. Age range estimation using CNN is emerging due to its application in myriad of areas which makes it a state-of-the-art area for research and improve the estimation accuracy. A deep CNN model is used for identification of people's age range in our proposed work. At first, we extracted only face images from image dataset using MTCNN to remove unnecessary features other than face from the image. Secondly, we used random crop technique for data augmentation to improve the model performance. We have used the concept of transfer learning in our research. A pretrained face recognition model i.e VGG-Face is used to build our model for identification of age range whose performance is evaluated on Adience Benchmark for confirming the efficacy of our work. The performance in test set outperformed existing state-of-the-art by substantial margins.
description: 6 pages, 10 figures
Adaptive radiation and population genetics of different ecotypes in the Rattini tribe （Rodentia：Murinae）
Creators: name: 葛, 德燕
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2021
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Multispecies
Evolution

description: The accelerated biodiversity loss of small mammals highlighted the importance of research on the origination, evolution, dispersal and demographic dynamics of rodents. Rattini (Rodentia: Murinae) represents the most successful mammals that showed adaptive radiation in Asia since the late Miocene. The phylogeny and taxonomy, as well as population status of most species within this taxa remain poorly studied. In the present study, we are going to study on this taxa by integrating materials and well established techniques from cooperators who are come from the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Natural History Museum and Imperial College of London, and the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences. We propose to revise the taxonomy, reconstruct the phylogeny, recalibrate the divergence time, and explore the population genetics of different ecotypes in Rattini. By integrating traditional morphometrics and geometric morphometrics as well as techniques implemented in Geographical Information System (GIS), we want to interpret the morphological evolution of this taxon at the macro-evolutionary scale. Based on these studies, we aim to provide a novel perspective on the species of this taxon in China, to reconstruct a robust tree of Rattini, to understand the future population dynamics of different eco-types, to explore the mechanisms underlying the ecological amplitudes of different eco-types, and to reveal evolutionary schemes of important traits and functional structures in these animals.
metatranscriptome of H-1 with or without exogenous thiamine
Creators: name: 黄慧(Huang Hui)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2021
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Metagenome
Transcriptome or Gene expression
Multispecies
Environmental

description: metatranscriptome of H-1 with or without exogenous thiamine in the 1st and 40th transfers.
Experimental Aspects of Heavy Quarkonium Production at the LHC
Creators: name: Kraan, Aafke C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: More than 30 years after the discovery of the J/psi, its production mechanism is still poorly understood. With the LHC data it will be possible to study quarkonia up to very high transverse momenta and with high statistics. In this note we discuss experimental aspects of J/psi and Upsilon(1S) production at the LHC. In particular, we investigate the sensitivity of a general purpose LHC detector to observables, which are complementary to the cross section and polarisation measurement. These observables would be sensitive to the radiation produced in association with the quarkonium.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures. Presented at Joint Meeting Heidelberg-Liege-Paris-Wroclaw: Three Days of Strong Interactions and Astrophysics (HLPW08), Spa, Liege, Belgium, 6-8 Mar 2008