cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The radiative transfer of synchrotron radiation through a compressed random magnetic field
Creators: name: Cawthorne, T. V.
name: Hughes, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper examines the radiative transfer of synchrotron radiation in the presence of a magnetic field configuration resulting from the compression of a highly disordered magnetic field. It is shown that, provided Faraday rotation and circular polarization can be neglected, the radiative transfer equations for synchrotron radiation separate for this configuration, and the intensities and polarization values for sources that are uniform on large scales can be found straightforwardly in the case where opacity is significant. Although the emission and absorption coefficients must, in general, be obtained numerically, the process is much simpler than a full numerical solution to the transfer equations. Some illustrative results are given and an interesting effect, whereby the polarization increases while the magnetic field distribution becomes less strongly confined to the plane of compression, is discussed. The results are of importance for the interpretation of polarization near the edges of lobes in radio galaxies and of bright features in the parsec--scale jets of AGN, where such magnetic field configurations are believed to exist. (Note: The original ApJ version of this paper contained two errata, which are corrected in this version of the paper. First, Fig. 2 was plotted as a mirror image of the correct version, reflected about the line $\log_{10}(ν/ ν_0)=0$. Second, as stated, Equation A16 is valid for $γ=2$, not $γ=3$.)
description: 27 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Diffusion–based virtual MR elastography for predicting recurrence of solitary hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy
Creators: name: Chen, Jiejun
name: Sun, Wei
name: Wang, Wentao
name: Fu, Caixia
name: Grimm, Robert
name: Zeng, Mengsu
name: Rao, Shengxiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cell Biology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
Confounding Control in Healthcare Database Research: Challenges and Potential Approaches
Creators: name: Rassen, Jeremy
name: Schneeweiss, Sebastian
name: Glynn, Robert J.
name: Stürmer, Til
name: Brookhart, M. Alan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Epidemiologic studies are increasingly used to investigate the safety and effectiveness of medical products and interventions. Appropriate adjustment for confounding in such studies is challenging because exposure is determined by a complex interaction of patient, physician, and healthcare system factors. The challenges of confounding control are particularly acute in studies using healthcare utilization databases where information on many potential confounding factors is lacking and the meaning of variables is often unclear. We discuss advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to confounder control in healthcare databases. In settings where considerable uncertainty surrounds the data or the causal mechanisms underlying the treatment assignment and outcome process, we suggest that researchers report a panel of results under various specifications of statistical models. Such reporting allows the reader to assess the sensitivity of the results to model assumptions that are often not supported by strong subject-matter knowledge.
Kinematical correlations for Higgs boson plus High Pt Jet Production at Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Sun, Peng
name: Yuan, C. -P.
name: Yuan, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of QCD resummation to kinematical correlations in the Higgs boson plus high transverse momentum (Pt) jet events produced at hadron colliders. We show that at the complete one-loop order, the Collins-Soper-Sterman resummation formalism can be applied to derive the Sudakov form factor, which is found to be independent of jet-finding algorithm. We compare the singular behavior of resummation calculation to fixed order prediction in the case that Higgs boson and high Pt jet are produced nearly back-to-back in their transverse momenta, and find a perfect agreement. The phenomenological importance of the resummation effect at the LHC is also demonstrated.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 26 of Adiposity and mortality among intensive care patients with COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 respiratory conditions: a cross-context comparison study in the UK
Creators: name: Bell, Joshua A.
name: Carslake, David
name: Hughes, Amanda
name: Tilling, Kate
name: Dodd, James W.
name: Doidge, James C.
name: Harrison, David A.
name: Rowan, Kathryn M.
name: Davey Smith, George
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 26: Supplementary Table S11 Main analyses of all-cause mortality and BMI, restricted to ICU patients who were not physically dependent on others for the activities of daily living prior to admission.
The Roman centuriations of Patavium and Altinum. A water management system in the central Venetian plain
Creators: name: Turchetto, Jacopo
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2023
Subjects: Roman Centuriation
Water Management System
Diachronic Perspective
Venetia
Via Romea Strata

description: Starting from the assessment of the impact of an economic–demographic crisis on the landscape, the contribution describes the possible transformations to which the Roman land division could be subject in the longue durée. Subsequently, these results are briefly illustrated starting from the specific cases of the agrarian organisations of Padova and Altino, which represents the main topic of the cultural detour called ‘The Ring of the Centuriations’. This is dedicated to the discovery of an often–neglected territory, which instead deserves to be reconsidered and enhanced due to its historical and cultural value
Itʼs About Time: Physiciansʼ Perceptions of Time Constraints in Primary Care Medical Practice in Three National Healthcare Systems
Creators: name: Marceau, Lisa D.
name: Link, Carol L.
name: Shackelton, Rebecca J.
name: McKinlay, John B.
name: Arber, Sara
name: Adams, Ann
name: von dem Knesebeck, Olaf
name: Siegrist, Johannes
name: Konrad, Thomas R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: As physicians are pressured to deliver an increasing number of preventive services, follow guidelines, engage in evidence-based practice, and deliver patient-centered care in managerially driven organizations, they struggle with how much control they have over their time.
Additional file 24 of Adiposity and mortality among intensive care patients with COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 respiratory conditions: a cross-context comparison study in the UK
Creators: name: Bell, Joshua A.
name: Carslake, David
name: Hughes, Amanda
name: Tilling, Kate
name: Dodd, James W.
name: Doidge, James C.
name: Harrison, David A.
name: Rowan, Kathryn M.
name: Davey Smith, George
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 24: Table S9 Associations of confounding/selection factors with all-cause mortality among ICU patients with non-COVID-19 respiratory conditions, by admission region
Additional file 1 of An open-access plug-in program for 3D modelling distinct material properties of cortical and trabecular bone
Creators: name: Roytman, Gregory R.
name: Cutler, Matan
name: Milligan, Kenneth
name: Tommasini, Steven M.
name: Wiznia, Daniel H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary file. Source Code. Python code used for the Plug-In tool for giving the resulting Young’s Modulus for a CT scan.
On the minimal rank in non-reflexive operator spaces over finite fields
Creators: name: Pazzis, Clément de Seguins
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A03, 47L05

description: Let $U$ and $V$ be vector spaces over a field $\mathbb{K}$, and $\mathcal{S}$ be an $n$-dimensional linear subspace of $\mathcal{L}(U,V)$. The space $\mathcal{S}$ is called algebraically reflexive whenever it contains every linear map $g : U \rightarrow V$ such that, for all $x \in U$, there exists $f \in \mathcal{S}$ with $g(x)=f(x)$. A theorem of Meshulam and Šemrl states that if $\mathcal{S}$ is not algebraically reflexive then it contains a non-zero operator $f$ of rank at most $2n-2$, provided that $\mathbb{K}$ has more than $n+2$ elements. In this article, we prove that the provision on the cardinality of the underlying field is unnecessary. To do so, we demonstrate that the above result holds for all finite fields.
description: 9 pages
Protected Fe valence in quasi-two dimensional $α$-FeSi$_2$
Creators: name: Miiller, W.
name: Tomczak, J. M.
name: Simonson, J. W.
name: Smith, G.
name: Kotliar, G.
name: Aronson, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first comprehensive study of the high temperature form ($α$-phase) of iron disilicide. Measurements of the magnetic susceptibility, magnetization, heat capacity and resistivity were performed on well characterized single crystals. With a nominal iron $d^6$ configuration, and a quasi-two dimensional crystal structure that strongly resembles that of LiFeAs, $α$-FeSi$_2$ is a potential candidate for unconventional superconductivity. Akin to LiFeAs, $α$-FeSi$_2$ does not develop any magnetic order, and we confirm its metallic state down to the lowest temperatures ($T$=1.8 K). However, our experiments reveal that paramagnetism and electronic correlation effects in $α$-FeSi$_2$ are considerably weaker than in the pnictides. Band theory calculations yield small Sommerfeld coefficients of the electronic specific heat $γ=C_e/T$ that are in excellent agreement with experiment. Additionally, realistic many-body calculations further corroborate that quasi-particle mass enhancements are only modest in $α$-FeSi$_{2}$ . Remarkably, we find that the natural tendency to vacancy formation in the iron sublattice has little influence on the iron valence and the density of states at the Fermi level. Moreover, Mn doping does not significantly change the electronic state of the Fe ion. This suggests that the iron valence is protected against hole doping, and indeed the substitution of Co for Fe causes a rigid-band like response of the electronic properties. As a key difference from the pnictides, we identify the smaller inter-iron layer spacing, which causes the active orbitals near the Fermi level to be of a different symmetry in $α$-FeSi$_2$. This change in orbital character might be responsible for the lack of superconductivity in this system, providing constraints on pairing theories in the iron based pnictides and chalcogenides.
description: 8 figures
The Effect of Alcohol Treatment on Social Costs of Alcohol Dependence: Results From the COMBINE Study
Creators: name: Zarkin, Gary A.
name: OʼMalley, Stephanie
name: Couper, David
name: McKay, James R.
name: Mills, Michael
name: Aldridge, Arnie
name: Cisler, Ron A.
name: Bray, Jeremy W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The COMBINE (Combined Pharmacotherapies and Behavioral Intervention) clinical trial recently evaluated the efficacy of pharmacotherapies, behavioral therapies, and their combinations for the treatment of alcohol dependence. Previously, the cost and cost-effectiveness of COMBINE have been studied. Policy makers, patients, and nonalcohol-dependent individuals may be concerned not only with alcohol treatment costs but also with the impact of alcohol interventions on broader social costs and outcomes.
Additional file 27 of Adiposity and mortality among intensive care patients with COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 respiratory conditions: a cross-context comparison study in the UK
Creators: name: Bell, Joshua A.
name: Carslake, David
name: Hughes, Amanda
name: Tilling, Kate
name: Dodd, James W.
name: Doidge, James C.
name: Harrison, David A.
name: Rowan, Kathryn M.
name: Davey Smith, George
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 27: Table S12 Number of deaths and total sample size for each BMI category in Table 2.
Placebo Adherence, Clinical Outcomes, and Mortality in the Womenʼs Health Initiative Randomized Hormone Therapy Trials
Creators: name: LaCroix, Andrea Z.
name: Safford, Monika
name: R. Curtis, Jeffrey
name: Brookhart, Maurice Alan
name: Judd, Suzanne
name: Cadarette, Suzanne M.
name: Delzell, Elizabeth
name: Larson, Joseph C.
name: Chlebowski, Rowan
name: Solomon, Daniel H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Medication adherence may be a proxy for healthy behaviors and other factors that affect outcomes. Prior studies of the association between placebo adherence and health outcomes have been limited primarily to men enrolled in clinical trials and cardiovascular disease outcomes. We examined associations between adherence to placebo and the risk of fracture, coronary heart disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality in the two Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) hormone therapy randomized trials.
Spin-polarized Andreev transport influenced by Coulomb repulsion through two quantum dot system
Creators: name: Trocha, Piotr
name: Barnaś, Józef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-polarized transport through a double quantum dot system attached to a common superconducting lead and two ferromagnetic electrodes (fork geometry) is investigated theoretically. The key objective of the analysis is to describe the influence of electrodes' ferromagnetism on the Andreev tunneling. Both direct and crossed Andreev tunneling processes are considered, in general. The other objective is a detailed analysis of the role of Coulomb interaction and its impact on the Andreev tunneling processes.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 1 of Host age structure reshapes parasite symbiosis: collaboration begets pathogens, competition begets virulent mutualists
Creators: name: Portner, Carsten O. S.
name: Rong, Edward G.
name: Ramirez, Jared A.
name: Wolf, Yuri I.
name: Bosse, Angelique P.
name: Koonin, Eugene V.
name: Rochman, Nash D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Fig. S1. Alternative model for collaboration among humans. A. Functional dependence on the population age structure for the fraction of younger hosts which reproduce under collaborative, $$a=0, 0
The Role of Organizational Affiliations and Research Networks in the Diffusion of Breast Cancer Treatment Innovation
Creators: name: Meyer, Anne-Marie
name: Godley, Paul A.
name: Weiner, Bryan J.
name: Carpenter, William R.
name: Bainbridge, John
name: Reeder-Hayes, Katherine
name: Amos, Keith D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The National Institutes of Health (NIH) sees provider-based research networks and other organizational linkages between academic researchers and community practitioners as promising vehicles for accelerating the translation of research into practice. This study examines whether organizational research affiliations and teaching affiliations are associated with accelerated diffusion of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), an innovation in the treatment of early-stage breast cancer.
Entanglement entropy in Galilean conformal field theories and flat holography
Creators: name: Bagchi, Arjun
name: Basu, Rudranil
name: Grumiller, Daniel
name: Riegler, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analytical calculation of entanglement entropy for a class of two dimensional field theories governed by the symmetries of the Galilean conformal algebra, thus providing a rare example of such an exact computation. These field theories are the putative holographic duals to theories of gravity in three-dimensional asymptotically flat spacetimes. We provide a check of our field theory answers by an analysis of geodesics. We also exploit the Chern-Simons formulation of three-dimensional gravity and adapt recent proposals of calculating entanglement entropy by Wilson lines in this context to find an independent confirmation of our results from holography.
description: 6pp
Assessing Health Care Use and Cost Consequences of a New Screening Modality: The Case of Digital Mammography
Creators: name: Buist, Diana S. M.
name: Onega, Tracy L.
name: Henderson, Louise M.
name: Zhu, Weiwei
name: Hubbard, Rebecca A.
name: Tosteson, Anna N. A.
name: Fishman, Paul
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Full-field digital mammography (FFDM) has largely replaced screen-film mammography (SFM) for breast cancer screening, but how this affects downstream breast-related use and costs is unknown.
Additional file 1 of Traditional Khmer Medicine and its role in wildlife use in modern-day Cambodia
Creators: name: Lim, Thona
name: Davis, Elizabeth Oneita
name: Crudge, Brian
name: Roth, Vichet
name: Glikman, Jenny Anne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix I. Interview guide: Traditional Khmer Medicine practitioners.
Open source hardware for better science
Creators: name: , Hsing
name: , Johns
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: open science
open research
open source hardware
open science hardware
hardware

description: Online talk given at OpenFest 2023: Online symposium ‘New Perspectives on Open Research’ on 7 September 2023 organised by the University of Sheffield, United Kingdom. Forked from an earlier talk on the same topic. Abstract Physical hardware underpins much of scientific research. From computing devices, instrumentation, and biological reagents, to satellites in orbit, researchers rely on hardware to explore and understand the world. However, research equipment is typically closed source (i.e. proprietary), whose designs are legally restricted, preventing others from studying, building, or modifying them. These restrictions cause several problems such as: lack of reproducibility; duplication of effort; forced obsolescence; and higher costs, all of which reinforce global inequities.
 Building on the success of open source software, open source hardware is defined as any physical artefact whose “design is made publicly available with explicit, legally binding freedoms for anyone to study, modify, distribute, make, and sell the design or hardware based on that design”. In 2021, it was formally recognised as a key component in the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science. Open science hardware (i.e. open source hardware in scientific contexts) provides many benefits compared to its proprietary predecessors. These can include cost savings of up to 87% proportional to how often it is replicated (Pearce, 2020); quicker iteration of designs; and adaptation to local needs in underserved communities.
 Since the 2010s, open science hardware has been developed and used in diverse domains from environmental monitoring, lab automation, to microscopy. In addition to academics, open science hardware is commonly built by citizen science communities and adapted for different purposes. Other practitioners of open science hardware include educators, social innovators, or artists.
 In this talk, we will provide an overview of the above and provide successful examples of open source hardware projects that enable better science. The talk will also highlight international communities working towards the adoption of open source hardware in science, such as the Gathering for Open Science Hardware. CRediT contributor roles Pen-Yuan Hsing - Conceptualization; Visualization; Writing (original draft); Writing (review & editing) Brianna Johns - Conceptualization; Resources
description: The open source font Metropolis (https://fontlibrary.org/en/font/metropolis) is embedded in the attached presentation slides, which are saved with Microsoft PowerPoint 2021 (version 16.0.14332.20492) in the OOXML Strict format (file extension .pptx). Users of other presentation software might need to install the font in their system before successfully opening and remixing this presentation. The presentation also includes recorded narration and timings for each slide.
Effect of Early Preventive Dental Visits on Subsequent Dental Treatment and Expenditures
Creators: name: Lee, Jessica Y.
name: Stearns, Sally C.
name: Rozier, Richard Gary
name: Preisser, John S.
name: Beil, Heather
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Professional organizations recommend a preventive dental visit by one year of age. This study compared dental treatment and expenditures for Medicaid children who have a preventive visit before age 18-months to those who have a visit at age 18-42 months.
Additional file 1 of The impact of interactive book sharing on child cognitive and socio-cognitive development (the REaL trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Forssman, Linda
name: Gottwald, Janna M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in clinical trial protocol and related documents.
Additional file 1 of Highly stretchable strain sensors with improved sensitivity enabled by a hybrid of carbon nanotube and graphene
Creators: name: Wang, Leilei
name: Choi, Jungwook
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. SEM image of a graphene and b MWCNT coated on a glass substrate. c–e Column charts of size statistics of graphene (c), length and diameter statistics of MWCNT (d,e). The statistical results show that the size of graphene sheet is mostly distributed around 20 μm2. In addition, the dominant length and diameter of MWCNT are mostly around 0.5-1 μm and 60-70 nm, respectively. Figure S2. Photographs and optical microscope images of a MWCNT-, b graphene-, and c MWCNT/graphene hybrid-based sensor at 0% and 550% strain. No obvious cracks are observed in the MWCNT-based sensor under 550% strain, but significant cracks are formed once the graphene is added to the sensing layer. This can be due to the easy separation of graphene under large stretching. It is noted that the size of cracks is smaller in the MWCNT/graphene-based sensor than in the graphene-based sensor, which might be due to the high aspect ratio of MWCNTs that bridge the graphene flakes. Figure S3. a Temperature change of the sensor surface for seven cycles of UV sensing. The temperature of the sensor surface increased from 24.7°C to 36.57°C owing to heat transfer from the UV lamp. b Relative current change of the MWCNT-, graphene-, and MWCNT/graphene hybrid-based sensors during the temperature increased from 23.75°C to 40°C. Table S1. Relative current change of MWCNT-, graphene-, and MWCNT/graphene hybrid-based sensors caused by the temperature changes during each UV on-off cycle shown in Fig. 4a.
Effects of Digital Mammography Uptake on Downstream Breast-related Care Among Older Women
Creators: name: Zhu, Weiwei
name: Fishman, Paul
name: Buist, Diana S. M.
name: Tosteson, Anna N. A.
name: Onega, Tracy L.
name: Hubbard, Rebecca A.
name: Henderson, Louise M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Digital mammography is the dominant modality for breast cancer screening in the US. No previous studies have investigated how introducing digital mammography affects downstream breast-related care.
Open source hardware for better science
Creators: name: , Hsing
name: , Johns
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: open science
open research
open source hardware
open science hardware
hardware

description: Online talk given at OpenFest 2023: Online symposium ‘New Perspectives on Open Research’ on 7 September 2023 organised by the University of Sheffield, United Kingdom. Forked from an earlier talk on the same topic. Abstract Physical hardware underpins much of scientific research. From computing devices, instrumentation, and biological reagents, to satellites in orbit, researchers rely on hardware to explore and understand the world. However, research equipment is typically closed source (i.e. proprietary), whose designs are legally restricted, preventing others from studying, building, or modifying them. These restrictions cause several problems such as: lack of reproducibility; duplication of effort; forced obsolescence; and higher costs, all of which reinforce global inequities.
 Building on the success of open source software, open source hardware is defined as any physical artefact whose “design is made publicly available with explicit, legally binding freedoms for anyone to study, modify, distribute, make, and sell the design or hardware based on that design”. In 2021, it was formally recognised as a key component in the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science. Open science hardware (i.e. open source hardware in scientific contexts) provides many benefits compared to its proprietary predecessors. These can include cost savings of up to 87% proportional to how often it is replicated (Pearce, 2020); quicker iteration of designs; and adaptation to local needs in underserved communities.
 Since the 2010s, open science hardware has been developed and used in diverse domains from environmental monitoring, lab automation, to microscopy. In addition to academics, open science hardware is commonly built by citizen science communities and adapted for different purposes. Other practitioners of open science hardware include educators, social innovators, or artists.
 In this talk, we will provide an overview of the above and provide successful examples of open source hardware projects that enable better science. The talk will also highlight international communities working towards the adoption of open source hardware in science, such as the Gathering for Open Science Hardware. CRediT contributor roles Pen-Yuan Hsing - Conceptualization; Visualization; Writing (original draft); Writing (review & editing) Brianna Johns - Conceptualization; Resources
description: The open source font Metropolis (https://fontlibrary.org/en/font/metropolis) is embedded in the attached presentation slides, which are saved with Microsoft PowerPoint 2021 (version 16.0.14332.20492) in the OOXML Strict format (file extension .pptx). Users of other presentation software might need to install the font in their system before successfully opening and remixing this presentation.
Improving extreme value statistics
Creators: name: Shekhawat, Ashivni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The rate of uniform convergence in extreme value statistics is non-universal and can be arbitrarily slow. Further, the relative error can be unbounded in the tail of the approximation, leading to difficulty in extrapolating the extreme value fit beyond the available data. We show that by using simple nonlinear transformations the extreme value approximation can be rendered rapidly convergent in the bulk, and asymptotic in the tail, thus fixing both issues. The transformations are often parameterized by just one parameter which can be estimated numerically. The classical extreme value method is shown to be a special case of the proposed method. We demonstrate that vastly improved results can be obtained with almost no extra cost.
description: 10 pages; 3 figures
Kondo versus indirect exchange: the role of the lattice and the actual range of RKKY interactions in real materials
Creators: name: Allerdt, Andrew
name: Busser, C. A.
name: Martins, G. B.
name: Feiguin, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic impurities embedded in a metal interact via an effective Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) coupling mediated by the conduction electrons, which is commonly assumed to be long ranged, with an algebraic decay in the inter-impurity distance. However, they can also form a Kondo screened state that is oblivious to the presence of other impurities. The competition between these effects leads to a critical distance above which Kondo effect dominates, translating into a finite range for the RKKY interaction. We study this mechanism on the square and cubic lattices by introducing an exact mapping onto an effective one-dimensional problem that we can solve with the density matrix renormalization group method (DMRG). We show a clear departure from the conventional RKKY theory, that can be attributed to the dimensionality and different densities of states. In particular, for dimension d>1, Kondo physics dominates even at short distances, while the ferromagnetic RKKY state is energetically unfavorable.
description: 4+ pages + suppl. material, 5 figures
Ferroelectric Control of Magnetism and Transport in Oxide Heterostructures
Creators: name: Huang, Xin
name: Dong, Shuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetism and transport are two key functional ingredients in modern electronic devices. In oxide heterostructures, ferroelectricity can provide a new route to control these two properties via electrical operations, which is scientifically interesting and technologically important. In this Brief Review, we will introduce recent progresses on this fast developing research field. Several subtopics will be covered. First, the ferroelectric polarization tuning of interfacial magnetism will be introduced, which includes the tuning of magnetization, easy axis, magnetic phases, as well as exchange bias. Second, the ferroelectric polarization tuning of transverse and tunneling transport will be reviewed.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures. Brief review
Additional file 1 of Impacts of life-events on sitting, TV viewing and computer use among women from disadvantaged neighbourhoods
Creators: name: Nayak, Minakshi
name: Wills, Karen
name: Teychenne, Megan
name: Cleland, Verity
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Beam-beam effects under the influence of external noise
Creators: name: Ohmi, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast external noise, which gives fluctuation into the beam orbit, is discussed in connection with beam-beam effects. Phase noise from crab cavities and detection devices (position monitor) and kicker noise from the bunch by bunch feedback system are the sources. Beam-beam collisions with fast orbit fluctuations with turn by turn or multi-turn correlations, cause emittance growth and luminosity degradation. We discuss the tolerance of the noise amplitude for LHC and HL-LHC.
description: 6 pages, contribution to the ICFA Mini-Workshop on Beam-Beam Effects in Hadron Colliders, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, 18-22 Mar 2013
Initial Validation of a Self-Report Measure of the Extent of and Reasons for Medication Nonadherence
Creators: name: Maciejewski, Matthew L.
name: Gallagher, Patrick
name: Yancy, William S.
name: Voils, Corrine I.
name: Reeve, Bryce B.
name: Hoyle, Rick H.
name: Bryson, Christopher L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Self-report measures of medication nonadherence confound the extent of and reasons for medication nonadherence. Each construct is assessed with a different type of psychometric model, which dictates how to establish reliability and validity.
Additional file 2 of Congenital anomalies during the 2015–2018 Zika virus epidemic: a population-based cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Venancio, Fabio Antonio
name: Quilião, Maria Eulina
name: de Almeida Moura, Danielli
name: de Azevedo, Micael Viana
name: de Almeida Metzker, Sahra
name: Mareto, Lisany Krug
name: de Medeiros, Márcio José
name: Santos-Pinto, Cláudia Du Bocage
name: de Oliveira, Everton Falcão
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary table 2. Frequencies and incidences of congenital anomalies per 10,000 births according to the ICD-10 and the year of occurrence. Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. 2015-2018.
OpenRefine als Hilfsmittel für die systematische Recherche in Leitliniendatenbanken und Studienregistern
Creators: name: Knüttel, Helge
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Systematische Recherchen, etwa für Leitlinien, erfordern oft die Verwendung zahlreicher Suchterme. Gleichzeitig weisen die Suchoberflächen von Leitliniendatenbanken und Studienregistern gegenüber etablierten bibliographischen Datenbanken aufgrund von Ressourcenlimitierung häufig deutliche Einschränkungen der Funktionalitäten auf. Dies erschwert die Durchführung und Dokumentation von Suchen. Gegebenenfalls müssen mehrere bis viele Einzelsuchen ausgeführt werden, die überlappende Treffermengen liefern. Suchhistorie und Exportmöglichkeiten können fehlen oder den Ansprüchen für die Weiterverwendung in üblichen Formaten nicht genügen. OpenRefine ist ein mächtiges Open-Source-Werkzeug für die bequeme Bearbeitung von Daten, das auch externe Daten und Webdienste verwenden kann. Alle Vorgänge sind dabei reproduzierbar dokumentiert und können auf andere Daten angewendet werden. Einführungen in die Arbeit mit OpenRefine sind u.a. im Rahmen der Library-Carpentry-Initiative verfügbar. Die Software erwies sich bei der Suche in mehreren Leitliniendatenbanken und Studienregistern als sehr hilfreich, um die jeweiligen Limitierungen bei den Such-, Dokumentations- und Exportmöglichkeiten zu überwinden. Ausgehend von in Textform vorbereiteten Suchstrategien konnten mit OpenRefine die Suchabfragen auf die Weboberflächen oder Webdienste (APIs) durchgeführt, Treffermengen heruntergeladen, dedupliziert und in gängige Formate bibliographischer Daten (RIS) gewandelt werden. Für die Dokumentation konnten Suchstrategien mit Trefferzahlen der Einzelschritte erstellt werden. Auch die einzelnen Arbeitsschritte in OpenRefine sind in reproduzierbarer Form dokumentiert. Der Code und Erläuterungen für die Nachnutzung werden begleitend zum Poster auf GitHub bereitgestellt.
description: Meeting Abstract
Nonperturbative study of the four gluon vertex
Creators: name: Binosi, D.
name: Ibañez, D.
name: Papavassiliou, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the nonperturbative structure of the SU(3) four-gluon vertex in the Landau gauge, concentrating on contributions quadratic in the metric. We employ an approximation scheme where "one-loop" diagrams are computed using fully dressed gluon and ghost propagators, and tree-level vertices. When a suitable kinematical configuration depending on a single momentum scale $p$ is chosen, only two structures emerge: the tree-level four-gluon vertex, and a tensor orthogonal to it. A detailed numerical analysis reveals that the form factor associated with this latter tensor displays a change of sign (zero-crossing) in the deep infrared, and finally diverges logarithmically. The origin of this characteristic behavior is proven to be entirely due to the masslessness of the ghost propagators forming the corresponding ghost-loop diagram, in close analogy to a similar effect established for the three-gluon vertex. However, in the case at hand, and under the approximations employed, this particular divergence does not affect the form factor proportional to the tree-level tensor, which remains finite in the entire range of momenta, and deviates moderately from its naive tree-level value. It turns out that the kinematic configuration chosen is ideal for carrying out lattice simulations, because it eliminates from the connected Green's function all one-particle reducible contributions, projecting out the genuine one-particle irreducible vertex. Motivated by this possibility, we discuss in detail how a hypothetical lattice measurement of this quantity would compare to the results presented here, and the potential interference from an additional tensorial structure, allowed by Bose symmetry, but not encountered within our scheme.
description: 36 pages, 8 figures; additional references added
Additional file 1 of Congenital anomalies during the 2015–2018 Zika virus epidemic: a population-based cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Venancio, Fabio Antonio
name: Quilião, Maria Eulina
name: de Almeida Moura, Danielli
name: de Azevedo, Micael Viana
name: de Almeida Metzker, Sahra
name: Mareto, Lisany Krug
name: de Medeiros, Márcio José
name: Santos-Pinto, Cláudia Du Bocage
name: de Oliveira, Everton Falcão
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary table 1. Frequencies of the congenital anomalies registered in SINASC according to ICD-10 categories. Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. 2015-2018.
The State of Disparities in Opportunistic Infection Prophylaxis for Blacks With HIV/AIDS
Creators: name: Oramasionwu, Christine U.
name: Koeller, Jim M.
name: Brown, Carolyn M.
name: Frei, Christopher R.
name: Lawson, Kenneth A.
name: Morse, Gene D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The purpose of this review is to identify and analyze published studies that have evaluated disparities for opportunistic infection (OI) prophylaxis between Blacks and Whites with HIV/AIDS in the United States.
Additional file 1 of Priming mesenchymal stem cells with α-synuclein enhances neuroprotective properties through induction of autophagy in Parkinsonian models
Creators: name: Shin, Jin Young
name: Kim, Dong-Yeol
name: Lee, Jieun
name: Shin, Yu Jin
name: Kim, Yi Seul
name: Lee, Phil Hyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biochemistry
Medicine
Cell Biology
Neuroscience
Pharmacology
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Hematology

description: Additional file 1. S1 table. RT-qPCR prime sequence. Forward and reverse primer sequences were designed using Prime-BLAST.
CENTRAL HEMODYNAMIC ASSESSMENT OF ANESTHESIA RISK FACTORS DURING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ST ELEVATION ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Creators: name: Joniev, Sanjar
name: Narzikulov, Uchkun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The parametres of arterial blood pressure determined in standard conditions in three groups of patients while carrying out multicomponent endotracheal inhalation anaesthesia with halogen-containing volatile anesthetics have been analysed (halothane was used in the first group, isoflurane - in the second group, sevoflurane - in the third group). The control group was made by almost healthy people. Two subgroups depending on the ASA physical status were analyzed. The analysis took into account the systolic, diastolic and pulse arterial blood pressure. The authors offered to calculate coefficients of arterial blood pressure. The conclusion has been made that the integrative indicator of arterial blood pressure objectively reflects the quality of anesthetic protection at stages of anesthesia and can be used as a criterion of adequacy of anesthesia. It does not depend on age, estimation of the ASA physical status, and concrete halogen-containing volatile anesthetics.
Plasticity of hydrogen bond networks regulates mechanochemistry of cell adhesion complexes
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Shaon
name: Hinczewski, Michael
name: Thirumalai, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanical forces acting on cell adhesion receptor proteins regulate a range of cellular functions by formation and rupture of non-covalent interactions with ligands. Typically, force decreases the lifetimes of intact complexes (slip-bonds), making the discovery that these lifetimes can also be prolonged ("catch-bonds"), a surprise. We created a microscopic analytic theory by incorporating the structures of selectin and integrin receptors into a conceptual framework based on the theory of stochastic equations, which quantitatively explains a wide range of experimental data (including catch-bonds at low forces and slip-bonds at high forces). Catch-bonds arise due to force-induced remodeling of hydrogen bond networks, a finding that also accounts for unbinding in structurally unrelated integrin-fibronectin and actomyosin complexes. For the selectin family, remodeling of hydrogen bond networks drives an allosteric transition resulting in the formation of maximum number of hydrogen bonds determined only by the structure of the receptor and is independent of the ligand. A similar transition allows us to predict the increase in number of hydrogen bonds in a particular allosteric state of $α_5 β_1$ integrin-fibronectin complex, a conformation which is yet to be crystallized. We also make a testable prediction that a single point mutation (Tyr51Phe) in the ligand associated with selectin should dramatically alter the nature of the catch-bond compared to the wild type. Our work suggests that nature utilizes a ductile network of hydrogen bonds to engineer function over a broad range of forces.
description: main text: 8 pages, 4 figures; SI: 5 pages, 2 figures, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., published online before print (2014)
Additional file 3 of Congenital anomalies during the 2015–2018 Zika virus epidemic: a population-based cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Venancio, Fabio Antonio
name: Quilião, Maria Eulina
name: de Almeida Moura, Danielli
name: de Azevedo, Micael Viana
name: de Almeida Metzker, Sahra
name: Mareto, Lisany Krug
name: de Medeiros, Márcio José
name: Santos-Pinto, Cláudia Du Bocage
name: de Oliveira, Everton Falcão
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary table 3. Frequencies of maternal, gestational, and birth data according to the ICD-10 categories of congenital anomalies. Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. 2015-2018.
Translating Research Into Practice: The Role of Provider-based Research Networks in the Diffusion of an Evidence-based Colon Cancer Treatment Innovation
Creators: name: Carpenter, William R.
name: Goldberg, Richard M.
name: Qaqish, Bahjat
name: Sanoff, Hanna K.
name: Wu, Yang
name: Weiner, Bryan J.
name: Meyer, Anne-Marie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Provider-based research networks (PBRNs) – collaborative research partnerships between academic centers and community-based practitioners – are a promising model for accelerating the translation of research into practice; however, empirical evidence of accelerated translation is limited. Oxaliplatin in adjuvant combination chemotherapy is an innovation with clinical trial-proven survival benefit compared to prior therapies. The goal of this study is to examine the diffusion of oxaliplatin into community practice, and whether affiliation with the National Cancer Institute’s (NCI’s) Community Clinical Oncology Program (CCOP) – a nationwide cancer-focused PBRN – is associated with accelerated innovation adoption.