cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New Substances Notification Regulations (Organisms) (NSNR(O)): Microbial Characterization and Key Elements for Importation to Canada
Creators: name: Singh, Om
Publisher: name: Journal of Regulatory Science
Year: 2020
Subjects: genetically engineered (GE) microorganisms
importation
Canada
new substance notifications (NSN)
Environment Canada
domestic substance list (DSL)
environmental fate
ecological impact

description: Any new substance imported into or manufactured in Canada is subject to New Substances Notification (NSN) under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) of 1999. The manufacturer or importer needs to comply with the New Substances Notification Regulations (NSNR) before the substance can be sold in the Canadian marketplace. While the section of the NSNR for biotechnology products has been in place since September 1, 1997, few microorganisms have been reviewed. The regulations also apply to various "higher" organisms such as fish, livestock, and insects (depending on the type of use). Applicants are required to provide a variety of technical information about their products in their NSN submissions to Environment Canada, the regulatory agency responsible for approving new substances in Canada. However, improper interpretation of the regulations leads to challenges for manufacturers/importers in the application process. There are ways to reduce an application's major deficiencies and/or potential for rejection. This paper aims to emphasize best practice tips for bringing new microorganisms to the Canadian marketplace that can benefit biotechnology product manufacturers at the forefront. https://doi.org/10.21423/jrs-v08singh
description: Journal of Regulatory Science, Vol. 8 (2020)
Sensitive SERS Characterization and Analysis of Chlorpyrifos and Aldicarb Residues in Animal Feed using Gold Nanoparticles
Creators: name: Lee, Kyung-Min
name: Yarbrough, Danielle
name: Kozman, Mena
name: Herrman, Timothy
name: Park, Jinhyuk
name: Wang, Rui
name: Kurouski, Dmitry
Publisher: name: Journal of Regulatory Science
Year: 2020
Subjects: surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
nanoparticle
pesticide
chlorpyrifos
aldicarb
animal feed
food safety
Analytical chemistry
Raman spectroscopy
chemometrics

description: The spectroscopic method based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique combined with chemometric methods was developed for simple, cost-effective, and efficient analysis of chlorpyrifos (CPF) and aldicarb (ALD) pesticide residues in animal feed. Animal feeds free from the pesticides were spiked at different concentrations of CPF (0-20 mg/kg) and aldicarb (0-100 µg/kg). Gold nanoparticles were mixed with sample extract for SERS measurement. A significant spectral difference induced by the presence and different level of CPF and ALD concentration in animal feed was observed between the pesticide spiking groups. Different chemometric models applied on training datasets showed excellent classification rates (100 percent) while the models on external validation dataset exhibited lower correct classification rates (50.0-76.7 percent) with no false-negative error. The selected chemometric models for CPF and ALD quantification also showed a high predictive ability and performance. The developed models displayed no statistical significant difference between model predicted and reference values in the external validation dataset (p < 0.01). The study results indicate that the SERS spectroscopic method could be an effective and efficient analytical tool for pesticide analysis in highly complex animal feed matrices for screening at a point of sampling to improve food and feed safety. https://doi.org/10.21423/jrs-v08lee
description: Journal of Regulatory Science, Vol. 8 (2020)
Reforming Taxation to Promote Growth and Equity
Creators: name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Economics
Economic development
Taxation

description: This white paper outlines concrete policy measures that can restore equitable and sustainable economic growth in the United States, in the context of the country’s recurring budgetary crises. Effective policies are within our grasp, because these budgetary crises are the result of political and not economic failings. Tax reform in particular offers a path toward both resolving budgetary impasses and making the kinds of public investments that will strengthen the fundamentals of the economy. The most obvious reform is an increase in the top marginal income tax rates – this would both raise needed revenues and soften America’s extreme and harmful inequality. But there are also a variety of other effective possible reforms related to corporate taxation, the estate and inheritance tax, environmental taxes, and ensuring that the government gets full value when it sells public assets. This white paper describes the gravity of the economic situation in the United States, but also shows that there is a way out.
Potential Impact of Accelerated Approval on the Drug Lags for Anticancer Drugs Between the United States and Japan
Creators: name: Nagasawa, Takashi
name: Aruga, Atsushi
Publisher: name: Journal of Regulatory Science
Year: 2020
Subjects: accelerated approval
anticancer drug
drug lag
oncology
Japan

description: The term 'drug lag' represents the difference in the timing of drug approval among countries. The impact of accelerated approvals on the drug lag for anticancer drugs between the United States (U.S.) and Japan was evaluated using publicly available information to identify anticancer drugs approved in the U.S. or Japan between January 2006 and March 2017. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the association between the oncology drugs lags and potential factors, including accelerated approval. The median drug lag was 805 days. The drug lag was extended for drugs that were approved in the U.S. under accelerated approval (884 days) compared to the standard approval (606 days). A total of 170 approvals were available for the analysis of drug lags. A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the following factors contributed significantly to the drug lags (p < 0.05): accelerated approval (odds ratio [OR] 4.48), Phase III study (OR 3.69), major cancer (OR 0.38), and international/global development (OR 0.32). Accelerated approval in the U.S. is one of the significant factors that extend the drug lags for anticancer drugs. The current drug development and approval process in Japan may have advantages, however, since a new regulation to reduce drug lag for anticancer drugs, the conditional early approval system, may help minimize drug lags and support decision making not only for regulators but also pharmaceutical companies. https://doi.org/10.21423/jrs-v08nagasawa
description: Journal of Regulatory Science, Vol. 8 (2020)
A combinatorial construction of symplectic expansions
Creators: name: Kuno, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57N05, 20F34

description: The notion of a symplectic expansion directly relates the topology of a surface to formal symplectic geometry. We give a method to construct a symplectic expansion by solving a recurrence formula given in terms of the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff series.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure; corrections and modifications have been done in v2
Cytogenetics of Black-bearded Tomb bat (Taphozous melanopogon) by Conventional staining, Ag-NOR staining and Fluorescence in situ hybridization Techniques
Creators: name: Sucheela Talumphai
Publisher: name: สถาบันวิจัยและพัฒนา มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีราชมงคลธัญบุรี
Year: 2021
Subjects: Black-bearded Tomb bat
Chromosome
Cytogenetics
Karyotype

description: Journal of Applied Research on Science and Technology, 20, 2, 57-69
Group Lending, Joint Liability, and Social Capital: Insights From the Indian Microfinance Crisis
Creators: name: Haldar, Antara
name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Microfinance
subject: Infrastructure (Economics)
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This article grapples with the causes of India’s microfinance crisis. By contrasting Bangladesh’s highly successful Grameen model with the allegedly “universalizable” version of India’s SKS Microfinance (which precipitated the crisis), trust or social capital is isolated—not just narrowly interpreted within standard economic theory, but more broadly construed—as the essential element accounting for the early success of microfinance. It is argued that the microfinance experience has been widely misinterpreted, in both analytical and policy terms. This article suggests inherent limits in extending the model to for-profit institutions and, in particular, to the pace of scaling up.
Striving for balance in economics: Towards a theory of the social determination of behavior
Creators: name: Hoff, Karla
name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Economics--Psychological aspects
subject: Sex role
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This paper is an attempt to broaden economic discourse by importing insights into human behavior not just from psychology, but also from sociology and anthropology. Whereas in standard economics the concept of the decision-maker is the rational actor, and in early work in behavioral economics it is the quasi-rational actor influenced by the context of the moment of decision, in some recent work in behavioral economics, the decision-maker could be called the enculturated actor. This actor's preferences, perception, and cognition are subject to two deep social influences: (a) the social contexts to which he has become exposed and, especially, accustomed; and (b) the cultural mental models—including categories, identities, narratives, and worldviews—that he uses to process information. The paper traces how these factors shape behavior through the endogenous determination of preferences and the lenses through which individuals see the world—their perception and interpretation of situations. The paper offers a tentative taxonomy of the social determinants of behavior and describes the results of controlled and natural experiments that only a broader view of these determinants can plausibly explain. The perspective suggests more realistic models of human behavior for explaining outcomes and designing policies.
Can we enhance cellulose hydrolysis by minimizing enzyme inhibition resulting from pretreatment-derived inhibitors?
Creators: name: Zhai, Rui
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Any pretreatment process used to enhance the enzymatic deconstruction of lignocellulosic substrates, although opening up and enhancing access to the cellulose, will typically generate inhibitory compounds (i.e. soluble mono/oligomeric sugars, phenolics, furans, extractives, etc.) that will limit or restrict the efficiency of cellulose hydrolysis. To develop more effective inhibition mitigation strategies, it would be beneficial if we had a better understanding of the inhibitory mechanisms of these soluble compounds on the enzyme components of cellulase cocktails. Most of the previous studies which have tried to assess the effects of inhibitors on cellulase enzymes, have used “synthetic mixtures of inhibitors” and “traditional” cellulase preparations such as Celluclast. The work presented in this thesis assessed the major inhibitory compounds derived from a range of “real-life” lignocellulosic biomass substrates that were steam pretreated at various severities. The major inhibitory mechanisms, such as reversible/irreversible inhibition of the major enzyme activities (e.g. exo/endo-glucanase, β-glucosidase, xylanase activities, etc.), were investigated and potential inhibitor mitigation strategies were evaluated. Initial work showed that, although the more recent cellulase mixture CTec3 was more inhibitor tolerant than the older Celluclast enzyme preparation, they were still strongly inhibited by pretreatment derived inhibitors. Of the various inhibitors, sugars and phenolics were shown to be the major groups that significantly contributed to the observed decrease in cellulose hydrolysis. This was mostly because of the strong inhibition and deactivation of β-glucosidase and cellobiohydrolase activities present within the cellulase mixture. Surprisingly, although hemicellulose derived sugars did not appear to inhibit individual enzyme activities, they did inhibit overall cellulose hydrolysis. Subsequent work suggested that hemicellulose-derived sugars inhibited the processive movement of cellobiohydrolase Cel7A and thus restricted cellulose hydrolysis. In addition to sugars, pretreatment derived phenolics were shown to be more influential, with the molecular size and carbonyl content of the phenols playing major roles in influencing the extent of phenolic inhibition. However, the phenolics could be modified to minimize enzyme inhibition and allow the use of lower enzyme loadings.
On the Measurement of Social Progress and Wellbeing: Some Further Thoughts
Creators: name: Fitoussi, Jean-Paul
name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics
Progress
Well-being

description: Since 2008, the world has experienced several dramatic events: the financial crisis of 2007–08, the earthquake in Japan, the sovereign debt crisis and the revolutions in the Arab world. All of these developments have called into question not just our current policies, but also the measurement systems on which we base their configuration. What we measure affects what we do. Increasingly, there is a demand to go beyond measures of market activity (GDP) and towards measures of wellbeing. Reductions in wellbeing (following deteriorations in people's physical and psychological health, community life or employment status, or in the provision of environmental goods) that are accepted in the name of maximization of material wealth results in totally misguided policies. This article surveys some recent and clear instances in which our measurements have gone wrong, and suggests revisions that may translate into better informed and more sustainable policies.
New Quantum Bounds for Inequalities involving Marginal Expectations
Creators: name: Wolfe, Elie
name: Yelin, S. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review, correct, and develop an algorithm which determines arbitrary Quantum Bounds, based on the seminal work of Tsirelson [Lett. Math. Phys. 4, 93 (1980)]. The potential of this algorithm is demonstrated by deriving both new number-valued Quantum Bounds, as well as identifying a new class of function-valued Quantum Bounds. Those results facilitate an 8-dimensional Volume Analysis of Quantum Mechanics which extends the work of Cabello [PRA 72 (2005)]. We contrast the Quantum Volume defined be these new bounds to that of Macroscopic Locality, defined by the inequalities corresponding to the first level of the hierarchy of Navascues et al [NJP 10 (2008)], proving our function-valued Quantum Bounds to be more complete.
description: 6 pages. Now includes appendices containing a pseudo-code formulation of the algorithm as well as a discussion of general physical symmetries. A new lower bound to the quantum volume has been derived, and an error in the mapping of physical observables to variational parameters has been corrected
Regulatory Science Education: The Need for Generalization
Creators: name: Moghissi, Alan
name: Calderone, Richard
name: Auffret, Jean Pierre
name: Jaeger, Lisa
name: Longstreth, Janice
name: McBride, Dennis
name: Steen, Tomoko
name: Harrison, David
name: Garrison, Destini
name: McDaniel, Natalie
name: Debrah, Henry
name: Gloutak, Larissa
name: Shumway, Douglas
name: Turner, Deniek
name: Woolley, Griffin
name: Washington, Kerra
Publisher: name: Journal of Regulatory Science
Year: 2020
Subjects: regulatory science
regulatory science education
regulatory affairs education

description: Ever since the beginning of regulatory science, the need for relevant education has been recognized. However, after the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) officially recognized regulatory science, several universities have developed educational programs. This paper provides the results of a study to evaluate the existing education programs on regulatory science. The study identifies the generic definition of regulatory science, consisting of applied version of various scientific disciplines used in the regulatory process. The study found that the educational programs in regulatory science largely dealt with compliance with FDA regulations. In many cases, the programs used the term "regulatory affairs" to describe the regulations and how to comply with them. Based on the experience at Georgetown University, the study provides an outline for regulatory science education. The proposed educational program consists of: 1) approximately 10 topics that are relevant to most, if not all, regulatory science disciplines; 2) a summary of various regulatory science disciplines; and 3) education in specific regulatory science disciplines. https://doi.org/10.21423/jrs-v08moghissi
description: Journal of Regulatory Science, Vol. 8 (2020)
A Mixed Method Program Evaluation of Annual Inspections Conducted in Childcare Programs in Washington State
Creators: name: Stevens, Sonya
Publisher: name: Journal of Regulatory Science
Year: 2020
Subjects: Licensing
Child Care
Inter-rater Reliability
Regulatory Oversight
Differential Monitoring

description: This mixed method study used a program evaluation to assess the reliability and social validity of the focused childcare monitoring checklist used in Washington State, as well as its social validity in maintaining quality programming in licensed childcare centers. The focused monitoring checklist and interview responses were used to answer two specific research questions: (1) How do stakeholders describe the value, usefulness, and effects of state administrated focused monitoring?; and (2) What is the inter-rater reliability of the focused monitoring tool used to assess the foundational health and safety issues that must be met by state licensed early childhood programs? The study found that licensors and providers found the focused monitoring tool as more efficient and informative than the current differential monitoring system. The use of a checklist focusing on real time compliance increased the value placed on the relevance of the inspection with respect to meeting licensor and provider needs. The results also showed that even with a controlled tool, performance of onsite inspections can vary greatly along a continuum of reliability and objectivity due to licensor rater drift and individual perceptions of licensing procedures. Licensing agencies should consider further evaluation of the monitoring process and the reliability of the checklist tool as the process is implemented statewide, concentrating on the training content and training methods provided to licensors. https://doi.org/10.21423/jrs-v08stevens
description: Journal of Regulatory Science, Vol. 8 (2020)
Additional file 3 of Identifying Child Anxiety Through Schools-identification to intervention (iCATS-i2i): protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial to compare screening, feedback and intervention for child anxiety problems to usual school practice
Creators: name: Reardon, Tessa
name: Ukoumunne, Obioha C.
name: Violato, Mara
name: Ball, Susan
name: Brown, Paul
name: Ford, Tamsin
name: Gray, Alastair
name: Hill, Claire
name: Jasper, Bec
name: Larkin, Michael
name: Macdonald, Ian
name: Morgan, Fran
name: Pollard, Jack
name: Sancho, Michelle
name: Sniehotta, Falko F.
name: Spence, Susan H.
name: Stallard, Paul
name: Stainer, Jason
name: Taylor, Lucy
name: Williamson, Victoria
name: Day, Emily
name: Fisk, Jennifer
name: Green, Iheoma
name: Halliday, Gemma
name: Hennigan, Ciara
name: Pearcey, Samantha
name: Robertson, Olly
name: Creswell, Cathy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Supplement 3. Progression criteria assessed by the Programme Steering Committee prior to progressing to Phase 2.
The Welfare State in the Twenty First Century
Creators: name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Twenty-first century
Welfare state
Economics
Economic history

description: Designing the twenty-first-century welfare state is part of a broader debate redefining the role of the market, the state, and “civil society”—non-state forms of collective action. One of the tenets of the Reagan-Thatcher revolution was questioning the welfare state. Some worried that the financial burdens of the welfare state would drag down growth. Some worried about the effect of the welfare state on the sense of individual responsibility, others that the welfare state provides an opportunity for the lazy and profligate to take advantage of hardworking citizens. A sense of social solidarity had united citizens around the world during World War II. Some thirty years after that global conflict, that solidarity was eroding, and economic arguments quickened its disintegration. Even two decades after the doctrines of the Reagan-Thatcher revolution of the 1980s had taken root—and long after its shortcomings had become obvious—others argued that the welfare state had contributed to the euro crisis. This chapter argues that these arguments criticizing the welfare state are for the most part fallacious and that changes in our economy have even increased the importance of the system. It then describes some of the key elements of a twenty-first-century welfare state.
Catalysis in Reaction Networks
Creators: name: Gopalkrishnan, Manoj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34D23, 92B99 (Primary) 13A15 (Secondary)

description: We define catalytic networks as chemical reaction networks with an essentially catalytic reaction pathway: one which is on in the presence of certain catalysts and off in their absence. We show that examples of catalytic networks include synthetic DNA molecular circuits that have been shown to perform signal amplification and molecular logic. Recall that a critical siphon is a subset of the species in a chemical reaction network whose absence is forward invariant and stoichiometrically compatible with a positive point. Our main theorem is that all weakly-reversible networks with critical siphons are catalytic. Consequently, we obtain new proofs for the persistence of atomic event-systems of Adleman et al., and normal networks of Gnacadja. We define autocatalytic networks, and conjecture that a weakly-reversible reaction network has critical siphons if and only if it is autocatalytic.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure
Recommendations for Assessing Human Dietary Exposure to Newly Expressed Proteins in Genetically Modified Crops
Creators: name: Mathesius, Carey A.
name: Sauve-Ciencewicki, Alaina
name: Anderson, Jennifer
name: Cleveland, Cheryl
name: Fleming, Carrie
name: Frierdich, Gregory E.
name: Goodwin, Laurie
name: Grunenwald, Mark
name: Laporte, Frank
name: Lipscomb, Elizabeth A.
name: Oberdoerfer, Regina
name: Petrick, Jay S.
name: Bauman, Patricia A.
Publisher: name: Journal of Regulatory Science
Year: 2020
Subjects: Dietary Exposure Assessment
Genetically Modified (GM) Crops
Best Practices
Risk Assessment
Biotechnology

description: Risk assessment of genetically modified (GM) crops includes an evaluation of hazard and exposure to newly expressed crop constituents, exemplified herein by newly expressed proteins (NEPs). Guidance directing dietary exposure assessments (DEAs) is limited and/or globally inconsistent. Best practices for conducting DEAs are presented and include a preliminary problem formulation step to determine if a formal DEA is necessary to support the risk assessment. If a formal DEA is deemed necessary, the type of exposure (acute or chronic) and the availability of food consumption data relevant to the targeted population should be identified. Exposure should be estimated initially using a simple, straight-forward, and fit-for-purpose DEA (unrefined DEA) approach while ensuring relevance to the risk question. Unrefined assessments, which are very likely to overestimate exposure, provide a high level of protection to consumers of GM crops. If refinement of the DEA is necessary, then the simplest refinements that meet the needs of the risk assessment should be implemented. DEAs are not scientifically necessary for NEPs in GM crops if a hazard has not been identified, since risk is a function of both hazard and exposure. Nonetheless, dietary exposure assessments are sometimes required for regulatory purposes, and this publication outlines some key best practices and considerations for their conduct. https://doi.org/10.21423/jrs-v08mathesius
description: Journal of Regulatory Science, Vol. 8 (2020)
Where Modern Macroeconomics Went Wrong
Creators: name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Economics
Macroeconomics
Business cycles
Economic policy
Equilibrium (Economics)

description: This paper provides a critique of the DSGE models that have come to dominate macroeconomics during the past quarter-century. It argues that at the heart of the failure were the wrong microfoundations, which failed to incorporate key aspects of economic behavior, e.g. incorporating insights from information economics and behavioral economics. Inadequate modelling of the financial sector meant they were ill-suited for predicting or responding to a financial crisis; and a reliance on representative agent models meant they were ill-suited for analysing either the role of distribution in fluctuations and crises or the consequences of fluctuations on inequality. The paper proposes alternative benchmark models that may be more useful both in understanding deep downturns and responding to them.
Risk Assessment of Copper and Molybdenum and Other Minerals in Feed Ingredients and Finished Feeds
Creators: name: Post, Lynn O.
name: Williams, Sara
name: Applegate, Cynthia
name: Jones, Ben
name: Herrman, Timothy J.
name: Bailey Jr., E. Murl
Publisher: name: Journal of Regulatory Science
Year: 2019
Subjects: animal feed
hazard
risk assessment
copper
molybdenum
contaminants
minerals
essential minerals
feed ingredients
finished feeds

description: This is a risk assessment for six mineral contaminants and four essential minerals. A total of 1,466 samples were collected from 18 product categories during 2010 to 2018. The 18 product categories were divided into 11 finished feed (689 samples) categories and seven feed ingredient categories (777 samples). Mineral and vitamin/minerals mixes (565 samples) were the predominant products in the seven feed ingredient categories, and beef cattle feed (351 samples) was the predominant product in the 11 finished feed categories. Samples from the 18 product categories were analyzed for up to 10 minerals: arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), molybdenum (Mo), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), and thallium (Tl). Cr, Cu, Mo, and Se are essential nutrients, and the other six are contaminants. The ratios of mean concentrations of the 6 inorganic contaminants across the 11 finished feeds were low compared to the seven feed ingedients categories. This implies that the risk of toxicity from the potential carryover of the six contaminants from feed ingredients to finished feeds is low. The mean Cu concentrations were high and the mean Mo concentrations were low in the four finished feed categories for ruminants (cattle, sheep, and goats). The ideal copper:molybdenum (Cu:Mo) ratio is >6:1 and <10:1 in the four finished feed categories for ruminants. The calculated Cu:Mo ratio of 26:1 shows a nutritional imbalance between Cu and Mo that may cause Cu toxicosis with long-term exposure. https://doi.org/10.21423/jrs-v07post
description: Journal of Regulatory Science, Vol 7 (2019)
Model Checking CTL is Almost Always Inherently Sequential
Creators: name: Beyersdorff, Olaf
name: Meier, Arne
name: Mundhenk, Martin
name: Schneider, Thomas
name: Thomas, Michael
name: Vollmer, Heribert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: cs.CC

description: The model checking problem for CTL is known to be P-complete (Clarke, Emerson, and Sistla (1986), see Schnoebelen (2002)). We consider fragments of CTL obtained by restricting the use of temporal modalities or the use of negations---restrictions already studied for LTL by Sistla and Clarke (1985) and Markey (2004). For all these fragments, except for the trivial case without any temporal operator, we systematically prove model checking to be either inherently sequential (P-complete) or very efficiently parallelizable (LOGCFL-complete). For most fragments, however, model checking for CTL is already P-complete. Hence our results indicate that, in cases where the combined complexity is of relevance, approaching CTL model checking by parallelism cannot be expected to result in any significant speedup. We also completely determine the complexity of the model checking problem for all fragments of the extensions ECTL, CTL+, and ECTL+.
Evolution of Directive (EC) No 128/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council Establishing a Framework for Community Action to Achieve the Sustainable Use of Pesticides
Creators: name: Marchand, Patrice A.
name: Robin, Diane
Publisher: name: Journal of Regulatory Science
Year: 2019
Subjects: phytopharmaceuticals
Directive (EC) No 128/2009
Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009
integrated pest management
sustainable use
Pesticides

description: The EC Directive No 128/2009 established a regulatory framework for Community action to achieve the sustainable use of pesticides (phytopharmaceuticals) that entered into force in 2011. The Directive manages all aspect of pesticides approved under Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 and listed in implementing Regulation (EU) No 540/2011 outside the approval and approval procedure, including all relevant National Action Plans (NAP), training, sales of pesticides, information awareness-raising, pesticides storage, application and equipment (i.e. inspection of equipment in use), specific practices and uses (i.e. aerial spraying), indicators and reporting on pesticide uses. This study examines the evolution of these dispositions framing the use of pesticides in Europe and the recent implementation of the harmonized risk indicators (HRI), which are expected to diminish in numbers over time. Calculation of the annual HRI values, and analysis of their evolution through the years is, therefore, for the first time, a method to quantify the evolution of the theoretical impact of pesticides at the pan-European level and to measure the progress against the original purpose of the directive, and therefore, its success. https://www.doi.org/10.21423/jrs-v07marchand
description: Journal of Regulatory Science, Vol 7 (2019)
CPD−64 2731: a massive spun-up and rejuvenated high-velocity runaway star
Creators: name: Maryeva, Olga
name: Gvaramadze, Vasilii
name: Kniazev, Alexei
name: Alexashov, Dmitry
name: Castro, Norberto
name: Langer, Norbert
name: Katkov, Ivan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: blue stragglers
circumstellar matter
stars: individual: CPD-64 2731
stars: massive
stars: rotation

description: During our search for massive stars on late evolutionary stages in the WISE archive we discovered a high-velocity runaway star CPD-64o 2731, associated with a horseshoe-shaped nebula. Its spectral type is O5.5Vn((f)) and projected rotational velocity is ≈ 300 km/s, which is extremely high for this spectral type. The kinematic age of ≈ 6 Myr, assuming it was born near the Galactic plane, exceeds its age derived from single star models by a factor of two. These properties suggest that CPD-64o 2731 is a rejuvenated and spun-up binary product. The geometry of the nebula and the almost central location of the star within it argue against a pure bow shock interpretation for it. Instead, we suggest that the binary interaction happened recently, thereby creating the nebula, with a cavity blown by the current fast stellar wind. This conclusion is supported by our results of 2D numerical hydrodynamic modeling.
description: {"references": ["Gvaramadze, V. V., et al. 2019, MNRAS, 482, 4408"]}
Magneto-roton excitation in a holographic quantum Hall fluid
Creators: name: Jokela, Niko
name: Lifschytz, Gilad
name: Lippert, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the neutral bosonic excitation spectra of the holographic quantum Hall fluid described by the D3-D7' system. We find that the system is stable, gapped, and, in a range of parameters, exhibits a spectrum of low-lying excitations very similar to that of a quantum Hall fluid, including a magneto-roton excitation.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures; v2: added references, v3: discussion added
The dual string sigma-model of the SU_q(3) sector
Creators: name: Puletti, V. Giangreco M.
name: Mansson, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In four-dimensional N=4 super Yang-Mills (SYM) the SU(3) sub-sector spanned by purely holomorphic fields is isomorphic to the corresponding mixed one spanned by both holomorphic and antiholomorphic fields. This is no longer the case when one considers the marginally deformed N=4 SYM. The mixed SU(3) sector marginally deformed by a complex parameter beta, i.e. SU_q(3) with q=e^{2 iπβ}, has been shown to be integrable at one-loop hep-th/0703150, while it is not the case for the corresponding purely holomorphic one. Moreover, the marginally deformed N=4 SYM also has a gravity dual constructed by Lunin and Maldacena in hep-th/0502086. However, the mixed SU_q(3) sector has not been studied from the supergravity point of view. Hence in this note, for the case of purely imaginary marginal $β$-deformations, we compute the superstring SU_q(3) σ-model in the fast spinning string limit and show that, for rational spinning strings, it reproduces the energy computed via Bethe equations.
description: 20 pages
Nitrogen dynamics following incorporation of 3-year old grassland set-asides in Delta, British Columbia
Creators: name: Walji, Khalil
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The Grassland Set-aside (GLSA) Stewardship Program has been utilized by farmers in the lower Fraser River delta, British Columbia (BC), Canada since 1993. Farmers seed fields in a grass-legume mixture and leave them fallow for up to four years providing feeding habitat for raptors while subsequently improving soil quality. While the wildlife benefits have been well documented, soil quality improvement and benefits to succeeding crops are not well understood. The objective of this research is to quantify the nitrogen benefits to crop production after incorporation of 3-year-old GLSA. A regional experiment was conducted over two years, utilizing production fields transitioning from GLSA, paired with continuously cropped fields (Control) with matching management. A controlled field experiment was also conducted on a single 3-year-old GLSA, comparing fertilizer types, rates and timing of incorporation. In each experiment, soils were sampled every 10-14 days for ammonium (NH4) and nitrate (NO3) while ion probes, installed near the rooting zone tracked plant available nitrogen (PAN) throughout the season. The results from the regional experiment were confounding, in 2015 showing GLSA supplied an additional 18 kg PAN ha-1 compared to Control but showing no PAN benefits in 2016. While the PAN supplied by the GSLA remained consistent each year, the amount supplied by Control in 2016 was relatively higher. In both years, PAN following GLSA peaked later in the season than the Control, likely due to immobilization of nitrogen facilitated by incorporation of biomass with a high carbon to nitrogen (C:N) ratio. Immobilization also delayed NH4 release in the controlled experiment for up to 21 days and NO3 56 days. The controlled experiment also highlighted the importance of fertilizer type to subsequent PAN, showing synthetic treatments consistently supplied more PAN than Organic. Results from this study suggest that 3-year-old GLSAs can potentially improve PAN to subsequent crops; however, benefits provided by GLSA in Delta are dependent on a number of factors which include the C:N ratios of biomass, timing between incorporation and crop planting, precipitation and temperatures, and fertilizer type, all of which impact the timing and quantity of PAN and thus its utility to subsequent crops.
The geometry of the two-component Camassa-Holm and Degasperis-Procesi equations
Creators: name: Escher, Joachim
name: Kohlmann, Martin
name: Lenells, Jonatan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q53, 58B20

description: We use geometric methods to study two natural two-component generalizations of the periodic Camassa-Holm and Degasperis-Procesi equations. We show that these generalizations can be regarded as geodesic equations on the semidirect product of the diffeomorphism group of the circle $\Diff(S^1)$ with some space of sufficiently smooth functions on the circle. Our goals are to understand the geometric properties of these two-component systems and to prove local well-posedness in various function spaces. Furthermore, we perform some explicit curvature calculations for the two-component Camassa-Holm equation, giving explicit examples of large subspaces of positive curvature.
description: 31 pages
Supplementary Information from Vaccination and testing of the border workforce for COVID-19 and risk of community outbreaks: a modelling study
Creators: name: Plank, Michael J.
name: Binny, Rachelle N.
name: Hendy, Shaun C.
name: Lustig, Audrey
name: Ridings, Kannan
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary methods and results
Inducing and Optimizing Magnetism in Graphene Nanomesh
Creators: name: Yang, Hongxin
name: Chshiev, Mairbek
name: Boukhvalov, Danil W.
name: Waintal, Xavier
name: Roche, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first-principles calculations, we explore the electronic and magnetic properties of graphene nanomesh (GNM), a regular network of large vacancies, produced either by lithography or nanoimprint. When removing an equal number of A and B sites of the graphene bipartite lattice, the nanomesh made mostly of zigzag (armchair) type edges exhibit antiferromagnetic (spin unpolarized) states. In contrast, in situation of sublattice symmetry breaking, stable ferri(o)magnetic states are obtained. For hydrogen-passivated nanomesh, the formation energy is dramatically decreased, and ground state is found to strongly depend on the vacancies shape and size. For triangular shaped holes, the obtained net magnetic moments increase with the number difference of removed A and B sites in agreement with Lieb's theorem for even A+B. For odd A+B triangular meshes and all cases of non-triangular nanomeshes including the one with even A+B, Lieb's theorem does not hold anymore which can be partially attributed to introduction of armchair edges. In addition, large triangular shaped GNM could be as robust as non-triangular GNMs, providing possible solution to overcome one of crucial challenges for the sp-magnetism. Finally, significant exchange splitting values as large as $\sim 0.5$ eV can be obtained for highly asymmetric structures evidencing the potential of GNM for room temperature carbon based spintronics. These results demonstrate that a turn from 0-dimensional graphene nanoflakes throughout 1-dimensional graphene nanoribbons with zigzag edges to GNM breaks localization of unpaired electrons and provides deviation from the rules based on Lieb's theorem. Such delocalization of the electrons leads the switch of the ground state of system from antiferromagnetic narrow gap insulator discussed for graphene nanoribons to ferromagnetic or nonmagnetic metal.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Additional file 1 of Efficacy of Emotionally Focused Therapy among Spanish-speaking couples: study protocol of a randomized clinical trial in Argentina, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, and Spain
Creators: name: Rodríguez-Gonzalez, Martiño
name: Anderson, Shayne
name: Osorio, Alfonso
name: Lafontaine, Marie-France
name: Greenman, Paul S.
name: Calatrava, María
name: Andrade, Dania
name: Lybbert, Ragan
name: Martínez-Diaz, Pilar
name: Steffen, Patrick
name: de Irala, Jokin
name: Sandberg, Jonathan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. WHO trial registration dataset.
Societal unease with modern agricultural production : the case of animal welfare
Creators: name: Robbins, Jesse Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Agricultural intensification has created a great deal of public skepticism. One major area of concern has been the welfare of animals. This thesis explores a diversity of issues centering on perceptions of the welfare of animals. Chapter 1 begins by reviewing the literature on theories of welfare in both humans and animals. After highlighting several challenges for contemporary theorizing about animal welfare, I conclude that philosophical progress on these problems can be enhanced via experimental research. Chapter 2 describes what such an approach might look like by testing the prominent view that animal welfare consists entirely of how an animal feels. Chapter 3 then examines the empirical support for the popular view that there is a negative relationship between farm size and animal welfare. Using a broad conception of welfare, I conclude that farm size and animal welfare exhibit no consistent relationship. Chapter 4 explores how perceived openness and trust affects perceptions of farm animal welfare. I found evidence that attempts to restrict the ability to monitor a farm’s inner-workings (operational transparency) diminished trust, led to more negative perceptions of animal welfare and greater support for legislative and regulatory restrictions governing animal care. Chapter 5 is a case study describing the attitudes of different stakeholders regarding the common practice of dehorning dairy calves. After describing the level of support among different stakeholders in my sample, I explore the barriers to adopting pain mitigation strategies by focusing primarily on the reasons given by participants opposed to providing pain relief.
Fast optimal transition between two equilibrium states
Creators: name: Schaff, Jean-François
name: Song, Xiao-Li
name: Vignolo, Patrizia
name: Labeyrie, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a technique based on invariants of motion for a time-dependent Hamiltonian, allowing a fast transition to a final state identical in theory to that obtained through a perfectly adiabatic transformation. This method is experimentally applied to the fast decompression of an ultracold cloud of Rubidium 87 atoms held in a harmonic magnetic trap, in the presence of gravity. We are able to decompress the trap by a factor of 15 within 35 ms with a strong suppression of the sloshing and breathing modes induced by the large vertical displacement and curvature reduction of the trap. When compared to a standard linear decompression, we achieve a gain of a factor of 37 on the transition time.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, an error in Eq. (2) has been corrected
FRİG VADİSİ KAYA ANITLARINDAKİ BOZULMA TÜRLERİNİN İKLİM İLE İLİŞKİSİ
Creators: name: Tokmak, Musa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 210102 Archaeological Science
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: Frig vadisi üzerinde bir çok kaya anıtı bulunmaktadır. Bu anıtlar zamana karşı direnmektedir. Anıtlar bölgenin coğrafi konumundan dolayı fiziksel bozulmaya daha çok maruz kalmaktadır. Gece ve gündüz sıcaklık farkının yüksek olması, güneş ışıklarına maruz kalınan saat sayısı, bölgede ortalama nem oranı gibi faktörler fiziksel bozulmanın ana faktörleridir. Bunun yanında yağışlı gün sayısı ve atmosferdeki kirli ve zararlı gazlarda fiziksel bozulmaya kimyasal bozulma olarak katkı sağlamaktadır. Frig vadisindeki anıtlar yıllarla karşın verdikleri direnç savaşında maalesef insan kaynaklı bozulmalara son günlerde daha çok maruz kalmaktadır. Bilinçli olarak kaya anıtlar üzerinde antrepojenik bozulmalar yaratılmaktadır. Kaçak kazılarda kullanılan dinamitlerde kaya anıtlara geri dönüşümü olmayan zararlar vermektedir. Taşınabilir ve taşınamaz kültür varlıklarının korunmasında ilk aşaması bence önce insanlara bilinçli bir şekilde koruma eğitimi verilmesi olmalıdır. Bunun için eğitim sisteminde milli değerler içerisinde yeni nesillere eserlerimizi koruma öğretilmelidir. Bu eser ile Frig vadisindeki kaya anıtların bozulma sorunları gözle tespit edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda bozulmanın iklim şartları ile ilişkisi de incelenmiştir. Bu kitabın ilerde yapılacak olan restorasyon çalışmalarına yardımcı olacağını ümit ediyorum. ANAHTAR KELİMELER:stone deterioration,salt,decay,stone deterioration patterns,glossary,crack,fissures,alteration,deformation,blistering, bursting,delimanation,fracture,star crack,hair crack,splitting,coving,erosion,mechanical damage,alveolization,loss of components, loss of matrix,rounding,roughening,scratch,abrasion,keying,differential erosion,impact damage,cut,crust,black crust,slat crust,deposit, efflorescence,encrustation,concretion,moist area,bleaching,biological colonization,alga,crumbling,granular disintegration,powdering,chalking, sanding,sugaring,chipping,flaking,contour scalling,spalling,microkarst,missing part,performation,pitting,film,glossy aspect,graffiti,patina,iron rich patina, oxalate patina,soiling,subflorescence,lichen,moss,mould,plant,B. Fitzner, K. Heinrichs & R. Kownatzki,Biological colonization,Discoloration and deposit , Features induced by material loss,Crack and deformation,Termes généraux,Fissure et lichens,biofilm,building,conservation,cultural values,taş bozulmaları,tuz,fiziksel kimyasal bozulma,biyolojik bozulma,anıtlar ve bozula problemleri kaya anıtları,kovuk,parametre,taş eserlerde bozulma türleri ve sınıfları,mineral yapısı,gözeneklilik,doğal çimento