cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Integrated Mobile Application for Enhancing Management of Nutrition Information in Arusha Tanzania
Creators: name: Mduma, Neema
name: Kalegele, Khamisi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Based on the fact that management of nutrition information is still a problem in many developing countries including Tanzania and nutrition information is only verbally provided without emphasis, this study proposes mobile application for enhancing management of nutrition information. The paper discusses the implementation of an integrated mobile application for enhancing management of nutrition information based on literature review and interviews, which were conducted in Arusha region for the collection of key information and details required for designing the mobile application. In this application, PHP technique has been used to build the application logic and MySQL technology for developing the back-end database. Using XML and Java, we have built an application interface that provides easy interactive view.
Additional file 1 of Evaluating and rating HIV/AIDS mobile apps using the feature-based application rating method and mobile app rating scale
Creators: name: Raeesi, Ahmad
name: Khajouei, Reza
name: Ahmadian, Leila
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: The Feature-Based Application Rating Method (the FARM) Tool.
Exact N$^3$LO results for $q q^\prime\to H +X$
Creators: name: Anzai, Chihaya
name: Hasselhuhn, Alexander
name: Höschele, Maik
name: Hoff, Jens
name: Kilgore, William
name: Steinhauser, Matthias
name: Ueda, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the contribution to the total cross section for the inclusive production of a Standard Model Higgs boson induced by two quarks with different flavour in the initial state. Our calculation is exact in the Higgs boson mass and the partonic center-of-mass energy. We describe the reduction to master integrals, the construction of a canonical basis, and the solution of the corresponding differential equations. Our analytic result contains both Harmonic Polylogarithms and iterated integrals with additional letters in the alphabet.
description: 27 pages, v2: minor modifications, journal version
Impact of spatially correlated fluctuations in sunspots on metrics related to magnetic twist
Creators: name: Baumgartner, C.
name: Birch, A. C.
name: Schunker, H.
name: Cameron, R. H.
name: Gizon, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The twist of the magnetic field above a sunspot is an important quantity in solar physics. For example, magnetic twist plays a role in the initiation of flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Various proxies for the twist above the photosphere have been found using models of uniformly twisted flux tubes, and are routinely computed from single photospheric vector magnetograms. One class of proxies is based on $α_z$, the ratio of the vertical current to the vertical magnetic field. Another class of proxies is based on the so-called twist density, $q$, which depends on the ratio of the azimuthal field to the vertical field. However, the sensitivity of these proxies to temporal fluctuations of the magnetic field has not yet been well characterized. We aim to determine the sensitivity of twist proxies to temporal fluctuations in the magnetic field as estimated from time-series of SDO/HMI vector magnetic field maps. To this end, we introduce a model of a sunspot with a peak vertical field of 2370 Gauss at the photosphere and a uniform twist density $q= -0.024$ Mm$^{-1}$. We add realizations of the temporal fluctuations of the magnetic field that are consistent with SDO/HMI observations, including the spatial correlations. Using a Monte-Carlo approach, we determine the robustness of the different proxies to the temporal fluctuations. The temporal fluctuations of the three components of the magnetic field are correlated for spatial separations up to 1.4 Mm (more than expected from the point spread function alone). The Monte-Carlo approach enables us to demonstrate that several proxies for the twist of the magnetic field are not biased in each of the individual magnetograms. The associated random errors on the proxies have standard deviations in the range between $0.002$ and $0.006$ Mm$^{-1}$, which is smaller by approximately one order of magnitude than the mean value of $q$.
description: accepted in A&A
Goodyera afzelii Schlechter 1918
Creators: name: Liu, Yan Wen
name: Zhou, Xiao Xu
name: Schuiteman, André
name: Kumar, Pankaj
name: Hermans, Johan
name: Chung, Shih Wen
name: Tian, Huai Zhen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Goodyera
Goodyera afzelii

description: Goodyera afzelii Schlechter (1918: 327).
 Type: — MADAGASCAR. Andevorante, Moramanga, 18 October 1912, Afzelius K. s.n. (holotype S -S-G-6932, photo!).
 Additional specimens examined:— MADAGASCAR. Andabe (Spirit material K- 63507 !); VIETNAM. 1500 m, February 2006, Williams P. s.n. (Spirit material K- 74610 !), see notes below.
 Distribution: — Mozambique (Chimanimani Mt.), N. & E. Madagascar.
 Notes: — Goodyera afzelii is here reported for the first time from Vietnam. The spirit collection K- 74610 had been misidentified as G. fumata, which can be easily distinguished from G. afzelii on the basis of the much bigger leaves and many pubescent flowers. Until now, G. afzelii was only known from Madagascar and Mozambique, hence, this new record reveals a remarkable geographic disjunction. Only a few orchid species are shared between Vietnam and Madagascar, e.g., Liparis cespitosa (Lam.) Lindl. (1825: 882) and Bulbophyllum longiflorum Thouars (1822: 98), but these do not have such a disjunct distribution. Perhaps G. afzelii was formerly similarly distributed, but has become extinct in the intervening areas, or may yet be discovered there. We did not find significant differences between specimens from Madagascar and the one from Vietnam, but a comparison of fresh material would be desirable.
description: Published as part of Liu, Yan Wen, Zhou, Xiao Xu, Schuiteman, André, Kumar, Pankaj, Hermans, Johan, Chung, Shih Wen & Tian, Huai Zhen, 2019, Taxonomic notes on Goodyera (Goodyerinae, Cranichideae, Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae) in China and an addition to orchid flora of Vietnam, pp. 27-34 in Phytotaxa 395 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.395.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/13718472
Exploring refractory organics in extraterrestrial particles
Creators: name: Potapov, Alexey
name: Palumbo, Maria Elisabetta
name: Dionnet, Zelia
name: Longobardo, Andrea
name: Jäger, Cornelia
name: Baratta, Giuseppe
name: Rotundi, Alessandra
name: Henning, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of organic compounds detected in meteorites and comets, some of which could serve as precursors of life on Earth, still remains an open question. The aim of the present study is to make one more step in revealing the nature and composition of organic materials of extraterrestrial particles by comparing infrared spectra of laboratory-made refractory organic residues to the spectra of cometary particles returned by the Stardust mission, interplanetary dust particles, and meteorites. Our results reinforce the idea of a pathway for the formation of refractory organics through energetic and thermal processing of molecular ices in the solar nebula. There is also the possibility that some of the organic material formed already in the parental molecular cloud before it entered the solar nebula. The majority of the IR "organic" bands of the studied extraterrestrial particles can be reproduced in the spectra of the laboratory organic residues. We confirm the detection of water, nitriles, hydrocarbons, and carbonates in extraterrestrial particles and link it to the formation location of the particles in the outer regions of the solar nebula. To clarify the genesis of the species, high-sensitivity observations in combination with laboratory measurements like those presented in this paper are needed. Thus, this study presents one more piece of the puzzle of the origin of water and organic compounds on Earth and motivation for future collaborative laboratory and observational projects.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ
Discovery of G Protein-Biased D2 Dopamine Receptor Partial Agonists
Creators: name: Fischer, Matthew G.
name: Jin, Jian
name: McCorvy, John D.
name: Butler, Kyle V.
name: Shen, Yudao
name: Roth, Bryan L.
name: Chen, Xin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Biased ligands (also known as functionally selective ligands) of G protein-coupled receptors are valuable tools for dissecting the roles of G protein-dependent and independent signaling pathways in health and disease. Biased ligands have also been increasingly pursued by the biomedical community as promising therapeutics with improved efficacy and reduced side effects compared with unbiased ligands. We previously discovered first-in-class β-arrestin-biased agonists of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) by extensively exploring multiple regions of aripiprazole, a balanced D2R agonist. In our continuing efforts to identify biased agonists of D2R, we unexpectedly discovered a G protein-biased agonist of D2R, compound 1, which is the first G protein-biased D2R agonist from the aripiprazole scaffold. We designed and synthesized novel analogs to explore two regions of 1 and conducted structure-functional selectivity relationship (SFSR) studies. Here we report the discovery of 1, findings from our SFSR studies, and characterization of novel G protein-biased D2R agonists.
The Cauchy Process on phylogenies: a tractable model for pulsed evolution
Creators: name: Didier, Gilles
name: Bastide, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cauchy process
phylogenetic comparative methods
evolutionary jumps
Quantitative traits
Phylogeography

description: Phylogenetic comparative methods use random processes, such as the Brownian Motion, to model the evolution of continuous traits on phylogenetic trees. Growing evidence for non-gradual evolution motivated the development of complex models, often based on Lévy processes. However, their statistical inference is computationally intensive and currently relies on approximations, high dimensional sampling, or numerical integration. We consider here the Cauchy Process (CP), a particular pure-jump Lévy process in which the trait increment along each branch follows a centered Cauchy distribution with a dispersion proportional to its length. In this work, we derive an exact algorithm to compute both the joint probability density of the tip trait values of a phylogeny under a CP and the ancestral trait values and branch increments posterior densities in quadratic time. A simulation study shows that the CP generates patterns in comparative data that are distinct from any Gaussian process and that Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) parameter estimates and root trait reconstruction are unbiased and accurate for trees with 200 tips or less. The CP has only two parameters but is rich enough to capture complex pulsed evolution. It can reconstruct posterior ancestral trait distributions that are multimodal, reflecting the uncertainty associated with the inference of the evolutionary history of a trait from extant taxa only. Applied to empirical datasets taken from the Evolutionary Ecology and Virology literature, the CP suggests nuanced scenarios for the body size evolution of Greater Antilles Lizards and for the geographical spread of the West Nile Virus epidemics in North America, both consistent with previous studies using more complex models. The method is efficiently implemented in C with an R interface in package cauphy, which is open source and freely available online.
The Cauchy Process on phylogenies: a tractable model for pulsed evolution
Creators: name: Didier, Gilles
name: Bastide, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cauchy process
phylogenetic comparative methods
evolutionary jumps
quantitative traits
Phylogeography

description: Phylogenetic comparative methods use random processes, such as the Brownian Motion, to model the evolution of continuous traits on phylogenetic trees. Growing evidence for non-gradual evolution motivated the development of complex models, often based on Lévy processes. However, their statistical inference is computationally intensive and currently relies on approximations, high dimensional sampling, or numerical integration. We consider here the Cauchy Process (CP), a particular pure-jump Lévy process in which the trait increment along each branch follows a centered Cauchy distribution with a dispersion proportional to its length. In this work, we derive an exact algorithm to compute both the joint probability density of the tip trait values of a phylogeny under a CP and the ancestral trait values and branch increments posterior densities in quadratic time. A simulation study shows that the CP generates patterns in comparative data that are distinct from any Gaussian process and that Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) parameter estimates and root trait reconstruction are unbiased and accurate for trees with 200 tips or less. The CP has only two parameters but is rich enough to capture complex pulsed evolution. It can reconstruct posterior ancestral trait distributions that are multimodal, reflecting the uncertainty associated with the inference of the evolutionary history of a trait from extant taxa only. Applied to empirical datasets taken from the Evolutionary Ecology and Virology literature, the CP suggests nuanced scenarios for the body size evolution of Greater Antilles Lizards and for the geographical spread of the West Nile Virus epidemics in North America, both consistent with previous studies using more complex models. The method is efficiently implemented in C with an R interface in package cauphy, which is open source and freely available online.
Direct observation and imaging of a spin-wave soliton with $p-$like symmetry
Creators: name: Bonetti, S.
name: Kukreja, R.
name: Chen, Z.
name: Macià, F.
name: Hernàndez, J. M.
name: Eklund, A.
name: Backes, D.
name: Frisch, J.
name: Katine, J.
name: Malm, G.
name: Urazhdin, S.
name: Kent, A. D.
name: Stöhr, J.
name: Ohldag, H.
name: Dürr, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The prediction and realization of magnetic excitations driven by electrical currents via the spin transfer torque effect, enables novel magnetic nano-devices where spin-waves can be used to process and store information. The functional control of such devices relies on understanding the properties of non-linear spin-wave excitations. It has been demonstrated that spin waves can show both an itinerant character, but also appear as localized solitons. So far, it was assumed that localized solitons have essentially cylindrical, $s-$like symmetry. Using a newly developed high-sensitivity time-resolved magnetic x-ray microscopy, we instead observe the emergence of a novel localized soliton excitation with a nodal line, i.e. with $p-$like symmetry. Micromagnetic simulations identify the physical mechanism that controls the transition from $s-$ to $p-$like solitons. Our results suggest a potential new pathway to design artificial atoms with tunable dynamical states using nanoscale magnetic devices.
Discovery of New Anti-Schistosomal Hits by Integration of QSAR-Based Virtual Screening and High Content Screening
Creators: name: Lima, Elid F. C.
name: Valente, Walter C. G.
name: Rezende-Neto, João M.
name: Furnham, Nicholas
name: De Almeida, Ana C. M.
name: Silva-Junior, Floriano P.
name: Senger, Mario R.
name: Carpenter, Anne E.
name: Melo-Filho, Cleber C.
name: Paveley, Ross
name: Muratov, Eugene
name: Dantas, Rafael F.
name: Braga, Rodolpho C.
name: Neves, Bruno J.
name: Kamentsky, Lee
name: Andrade, Carolina Horta
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: : Schistosomiasis is a debilitating neglected tropical disease, caused by flatworms of Schistosoma genus. The treatment relies on a single drug, praziquantel (PZQ), making the discovery of new compounds extremely urgent. In this work, we integrated QSAR-based virtual screening (VS) of Schistosoma mansoni thioredoxin glutathione reductase (SmTGR) inhibitors and high content screening (HCS) aiming to discover new antischistosomal agents. Initially, binary QSAR models for inhibition of SmTGR were developed and validated using the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidance. Using these models, we prioritized 29 compounds for further testing in two HCS platforms based on image analysis of assay plates. Among them, 2-[2-(3-methyl-4-nitro-5-isoxazolyl)vinyl]pyridine and 2-(benzylsulfonyl)-1,3-benzothiazole, two compounds representing new chemical scaffolds have activity against schistosomula and adult worms at low micromolar concentrations and therefore represent promising antischistosomal hits for further hit-to-lead optimization.
Recovering the star formation histories of recently-quenched galaxies: the impact of model and prior choices
Creators: name: Suess, Katherine A.
name: Leja, Joel
name: Johnson, Benjamin D.
name: Bezanson, Rachel
name: Greene, Jenny E.
name: Kriek, Mariska
name: Lower, Sidney
name: Narayanan, Desika
name: Setton, David J.
name: Spilker, Justin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate models of the star formation histories (SFHs) of recently-quenched galaxies can provide constraints on when and how galaxies shut down their star formation. The recent development of "non-parametric" SFH models promises the flexibility required to make these measurements. However, model and prior choices significantly affect derived SFHs, particularly for post-starburst galaxies (PSBs) which have sharp changes in their recent SFH. In this paper, we create mock PSBs, then use the Prospector SED fitting software to test how well four different SFH models recover key properties. We find that a two-component parametric model performs well for our simple mock galaxies, but is sensitive to model mismatches. The fixed- and flexible-bin non-parametric models included in Prospector are able to rapidly quench a major burst of star formation, but systematically underestimate the post-burst age by up to 200 Myr. We develop a custom SFH model that allows for additional flexibility in the recent SFH. Our flexible non-parametric model is able to constrain post-burst ages with no significant offset and just ~90 Myr of scatter. Our results suggest that while standard non-parametric models are able to recover first-order quantities of the SFH (mass, SFR, average age), accurately recovering higher-order quantities (burst fraction, quenching time) requires careful consideration of model flexibility. These mock recovery tests are a critical part of future SFH studies. Finally, we show that our new, public SFH model is able to accurately recover the properties of mock star-forming and quiescent galaxies and is suitable for broader use in the SED fitting community.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures. Posted after referee report; comments welcome. Key results in Figures 8 & 9. New SFH model publicly available as "continuity_psb_sfh" in Prospector: https://github.com/bd-j/prospector
Depth-Resolved Composition and Electronic Structure of Buried Layers and Interfaces in a LaNiO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ Superlattice from Soft- and Hard- X-ray Standing-Wave Angle-Resolved Photoemission
Creators: name: Eiteneer, D.
name: Pálsson, G. K.
name: Nemšák, S.
name: Gray, A. X.
name: Kaiser, A. M.
name: Son, J.
name: LeBeau, J.
name: Conti, G.
name: Greer, A. A.
name: Keqi, A.
name: Rattanachata, A.
name: Saw, A. Y.
name: Bostwick, A.
name: Rotenberg, E.
name: Gullikson, E. M.
name: Ueda, S.
name: Kobayashi, K.
name: Janotti, A.
name: Van de Walle, C. G.
name: Blanca-Romero, A.
name: Pentcheva, R.
name: Schneider, C. M.
name: Stemmer, S.
name: Fadley, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LaNiO$_3$ (LNO) is an intriguing member of the rare-earth nickelates in exhibiting a metal-insulator transition for a critical film thickness of about 4 unit cells [Son et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 062114 (2010)]; however, such thin films also show a transition to a metallic state in superlattices with SrTiO$_3$ (STO) [Son et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 202109 (2010)]. In order to better understand this transition, we have studied a strained LNO/STO superlattice with 10 repeats of [4 unit-cell LNO/3 unit-cell STO] grown on an (LaAlO$_3$)$_{0.3}$(Sr$_2$AlTaO$_6$)$_{0.7}$ substrate using soft x-ray standing-wave-excited angle-resolved photoemission (SWARPES), together with soft- and hard- x-ray photoemission measurements of core levels and densities-of-states valence spectra. The experimental results are compared with state-of-the-art density functional theory (DFT) calculations of band structures and densities of states. Using core-level rocking curves and x-ray optical modeling to assess the position of the standing wave, SWARPES measurements are carried out for various incidence angles and used to determine interface-specific changes in momentum-resolved electronic structure. We further show that the momentum-resolved behavior of the Ni 3d eg and t2g states near the Fermi level, as well as those at the bottom of the valence bands, is very similar to recently published SWARPES results for a related La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ superlattice that was studied using the same technique (Gray et al., Europhysics Letters 104, 17004 (2013)), which further validates this experimental approach and our conclusions. Our conclusions are also supported in several ways by comparison to DFT calculations for the parent materials and the superlattice, including layer-resolved density-of-states results.
Integrated lithium niobate intensity modulator on a silicon handle with slow-wave electrodes
Creators: name: Nelan, Sean
name: Mercante, Andrew
name: Shi, Shouyuan
name: Yao, Peng
name: Shahid, Eliezer
name: Shopp, Benjamin
name: Prather, Dennis W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Segmented, or slow-wave electrodes have emerged as an index-matching solution to improve bandwidth of traveling-wave Mach Zehnder and phase modulators on the thin-film lithium niobate on insulator platform. However, these devices require the use of a quartz handle or substrate removal, adding cost and additional processing. In this work, a high-speed dual-output electro-optic intensity modulator in the thin-film silicon nitride and lithium niobate material system that uses segmented electrodes for RF and optical index matching is presented. The device uses a silicon handle and does not require substrate removal. A silicon handle allows the use of larger wafer sizes to increase yield, and lends itself to processing in established silicon foundries that may not have the capability to process a quartz or fused silica wafer. The modulator has an interaction region of 10 mm, shows a DC half wave voltage of 3.75 V, an ultra-high extinction ratio of roughly 45 dB consistent with previous work, and a fiber-to-fiber insertion loss of 7.47 dB with a 95 GHz 3 dB bandwidth.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Separation or integration? Further insights from a study on chemical datasets of ancient bronze drums from South and Southeast Guangxi, China
Creators: name: Lu, Qiuyan
name: Li, Yanxiang
name: Zou, Guisen
name: Gong, Shiyang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Archaeological and sampling information of bronze drum samples. Table S2. Lead isotope and alloying composition of the bronze drum samples. Table S3. Published data of lead isotope of the bronze drum samples. Table S4. Trace elemental data by ICP-AES of the bronze drum samples (μg g−1).
Spin-down induced quark-hadron phase transition in cold isolated neutron stars
Creators: name: Prasad, R.
name: Mallick, Ritam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the spin-down induced phase transition in cold, isolated neutron stars in this work. After birth, as the star slows down, its central density rises and crosses the critical density of phase transition, and a quark core is seeded inside the star. Intermediate mass stars are more likely to have a quark seeding in their lifetime at birth. Smaller neutron stars do not have a quark core and remain neutron stars throughout their life, whereas in massive stars, a quark core exists at their center from birth. In intermediate and massive stars, the quark core grows further as the star slows down. The appearance of a quark core leads to a sudden change in the moment of inertia of the star in its evolutionary history, and it is also reflected in a sudden discontinuity in the braking index of the star (at the frequency where the quark core first seeds). The energy released during the phase transition process as the quark core is seeded can excite the f-mode oscillation in the star and is emitted in the form of the gravitational wave, which is in the range of detection with present operating detectors; however, future detectors will enable a more clean extraction of this signals. Also, neutrinos and bursts of gamma-rays can originate from phase transition events. The spin-down induced phase transition could be gradual or in the form of subsequent leaps producing persistent or multiple transient emissions.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
An AGN with an ionized gas outflow in a massive quiescent galaxy in a protocluster at $\bf z=3.09$
Creators: name: Kubo, Mariko
name: Umehata, Hideki
name: Matsuda, Yuichi
name: Kajisawa, Masaru
name: Steidel, Charles C.
name: Yamada, Toru
name: Tanaka, Ichi
name: Hatsukade, Bunyo
name: Tamura, Yoichi
name: Nakanishi, Kouichiro
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Lee, Kianhong
name: Matsuda, Keiichi
name: Ao, Yiping
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Yun, Min S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of an ionized gas outflow from an $X$-ray active galactic nucleus (AGN) hosted in a massive quiescent galaxy in a protocluster at $z=3.09$ (J221737.29+001823.4). It is a type-2 QSO with broad ($W_{80}>1000$ km s$^{-1}$) and strong ($\log (L_{\rm [OIII]}$ / erg s$^{-1})\approx43.4$) [O {\footnotesize III}]$λλ$4959,5007 emission lines detected by slit spectroscopy in three-position angles using Multi-Object Infra-Red Camera and Spectrograph (MOIRCS) on the Subaru telescope and the Multi-Object Spectrometer For Infra-Red Exploration (MOSFIRE) on the Keck-I telescope. In the all slit directions, [O {\footnotesize III}] emission is extended to $\sim15$ physical kpc and indicates a powerful outflow spreading over the host galaxy. The inferred ionized gas mass outflow rate is $\rm 22\pm3~M_{\odot}~yr^{-1}$. Although it is a radio source, according to the line diagnostics using H$β$, [O {\footnotesize II}], and [O {\footnotesize III}], photoionization by the central QSO is likely the dominant ionization mechanism rather than shocks caused by radio jets. On the other hand, the spectral energy distribution of the host galaxy is well characterized as a quiescent galaxy that has shut down star formation by several hundred Myr ago. Our results suggest a scenario that QSOs are powered after the shut-down of the star formation and help to complete the quenching of massive quiescent galaxies at high redshift.
description: 18 pages 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Incorporation of Privileged Structures into Bevirimat Can Improve Activity against Wild-Type and Bevirimat-Resistant HIV-1
Creators: name: Zhao, Yu
name: Chen, Chin-Ho
name: Gu, Qiong
name: Lee, Kuo-Hsiung
name: Morris-Natschke, Susan L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Two "privileged fragments", caffeic acid and piperazine, were integrated into bevirimat producing new derivatives with improved activity against HIV-1/NL4-3 and NL4-3/V370A carrying the most prevalent bevirimat-resistant polymorphism. The activity of one of these, 18c, was increased by 3-fold against NL4-3 and 51-fold against NL4-3/V370A. Moreover, 18c is a maturation inhibitor with improved metabolic stability. Our study suggested that integration of privileged motifs into promising natural product skeletons is an effective strategy for discovering potent derivatives.
Reduced variations in Earth's and Mars' orbital inclination and Earth's obliquity from 58 to 48 Myr ago due to solar system chaos
Creators: name: Zeebe, Richard E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical evolution of the solar system is chaotic with a Lyapunov time of only $\sim$5 Myr for the inner planets. Due to the chaos it is fundamentally impossible to accurately predict the solar system's orbital evolution beyond $\sim$50 Myr based on present astronomical observations. We have recently developed a method to overcome the problem by using the geologic record to constrain astronomical solutions in the past. Our resulting optimal astronomical solution (called ZB18a) shows exceptional agreement with the geologic record to $\sim$58 Ma (Myr ago) and a characteristic resonance transition around 50 Ma. Here we show that ZB18a and integration of Earth's and Mars' spin vector based on ZB18a yield reduced variations in Earth's and Mars' orbital inclination and Earth's obliquity (axial tilt) from $\sim$58 to $\sim$48 Ma -- the latter being consistent with paleoclimate records. The changes in the obliquities have important implications for the climate histories of Earth and Mars. We provide a detailed analysis of solar system frequencies ($g$- and $s$-modes) and show that the shifts in the variation in Earth's and Mars' orbital inclination and obliquity around 48 Ma are associated with the resonance transition and caused by changes in the contributions to the superposition of $s$-modes, plus $g$-$s$-mode interactions in the inner solar system. The $g$-$s$-mode interactions and the resonance transition (consistent with geologic data) are unequivocal manifestations of chaos. Dynamical chaos in the solar system hence not only affects its orbital properties, but also the long-term evolution of planetary climate through eccentricity and the link between inclination and axial tilt.
description: The Astronomical Journal, Revised Version
Additional file 1 of Dysregulation of SOX17/NRF2 axis confers chemoradiotherapy resistance and emerges as a novel therapeutic target in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Hsieh, Chih-Hsiung
name: Kuan, Wen-Hui
name: Chang, Wei-Lun
name: Kuo, I-Ying
name: Liu, Hsun
name: Shieh, Dar-Bin
name: Liu, Hsuan
name: Tan, Bertrand
name: Wang, Yi-Ching
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary figures and tables.
Burst-Disk Interaction in 4U 1636-536 as observed by NICER
Creators: name: Guver, Tolga
name: Bostanci, Funda
name: Boztepe, Tugba
name: Gogus, Ersin
name: Bult, Peter
name: Kashyap, Unnati
name: Chakraborty, Manoneeta
name: Ballantyne, David R.
name: Ludlam, Renee
name: Malacaria, Christian
name: Jaisawal, Gaurava K.
name: Strohmayer, Tod E.
name: Guillot, Sebastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the detection of 51 thermonuclear X-ray bursts observed from 4U 1636-536 by the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) over the course of a three year monitoring campaign. We performed time resolved spectroscopy for 40 of these bursts and showed the existence of a strong soft excess in all the burst spectra. The excess emission can be characterized by the use of a scaling factor (f_a method) to the persistent emission of the source, which is attributed to the increased mass accretion rate on to the neutron star due to Poynting-Robertson drag. The soft excess emission can also be characterized by the use of a model taking into account the reflection of the burst emission off of the accretion disk. We also present time resolved spectral analysis of 5 X-ray bursts simultaneously observed by NICER and AstroSat, which confirm the main results with even greater precision. Finally, we present evidence for Compton cooling using 7 X-ray bursts observed contemporaneously with \nustar, by means of a correlated decrease in the hard X-ray lightcurve of 4U 1636-536 as the bursts start.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Superconductivity in bilayer $t$-$t'$ Hubbard models
Creators: name: Iwano, Akito
name: Yamaji, Youhei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relationship between crystal structures and superconducting critical temperatures has attracted considerable attention as a clue to designing higher-$T_{\rm c}$ superconductors. In particular, the relationship between the number $n$ of CuO$_2$ layers in a unit cell of cuprate superconductors and the optimum superconducting transition temperature $T_{\rm c}^{\rm opt}$ is intriguing. As experimentally observed in layered cuprates, $T_{\rm c}^{\rm opt}$ increases when $n$ is increased, up to $n=3$, and, then, decreases for larger $n$. However, the mechanism behind the $n$ dependence of $T_{\rm c}^{\rm opt}$ remains elusive although there have been many studies on the $n$ dependence. In this paper, we studied a bilayer $t$-$t'$ Hubbard model to clarify the effects of the adjacent CuO$_2$ layers on the stability of the superconductivity by using a many-variable variational Monte Carlo method. We calculate the superconducting correlation at long distance and zero temperature, and the amplitude of the superconducting gap functions estimated from the momentum distribution as the observables correlated with $T_{\rm c}^{\rm opt}$. It is found that the in-plane superconducting correlation is not enhanced in comparison with that in the single-layer $t$-$t'$ Hubbard model. The superconducting correlations of the bilayer Hamiltonian are significantly small in the overdoped region in comparison with those of single-layer Hamiltonian, which is attributed to the van Hove singularity. In addition, we found that the amplitude of the superconducting gap functions is also similar in both the single-layer and bilayer $t$-$t'$ Hubbard model at the optimal doping. Therefore, we conclude that the adjacent Hubbard layers are not relevant to the enhancement of $T_{\rm c}^{\rm opt}$ in the bilayer cuprates. Possible origins of the enhanced $T_{\rm c}^{\rm opt}$ other than the adjacent layers are also discussed.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
Calanthe himalaicum Raskoti 2019, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Raskoti, Bhakta Bahadur
name: Ale, Rita
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Calanthe
Calanthe himalaicum

description: Calanthe himalaicum Raskoti sp. nov. Figs. 1 and 2.
 Type:— Nepal, Doti District, Wagalek, at an altitude of 2200 m, 24 August 2011, Raskoti Bhakta B. 0019 (holotype: KATH).
 Diagnosis: Calanthe himalaicum is close to Calanthe arcuata (Rolfe 1896: 196) but the former differs by its scape shorter or equal to leaves, petal lanceolate, lip unlobed, free from column wings, spurless, disk without any ridges, ovary and pedicel glabrous.
Herb terrestrial, whole plant 20–32 cm tall. Pseudostem sheathed, 3 cm long, 8 cm in diameter. Leaves 4–5, basal, narrowly lanceolate, 12–28 × 1.5–2.0 cm, apex acuminate, margin entire. Scape 20–27 cm long, arising from axil of leaf, slightly pendent, pubescent; raceme 6–9 cm with 3–5 lax flowered; floral bracts 10–15 × 2 mm, lanceolate, apex acuminate, persistent. Flower not opening widely, ca. 1.5 cm across, yellowish green, inner surfaces markings reddish brown; pedicel and ovary 1.0– 1.5 cm long, glabrous. Dorsal sepal 11 × 3 mm, lanceolate, slightly oblique, concave, 5-veined, only mid vein reaches at apex, apex acuminate; lateral sepals nearly similar to dorsal sepal 10 × 3 mm, obliquely oblong-lanceolate, slightly curved, 5-veined, only mid vein reaches at apex, apex acuminate. Petals 10 × 2 mm, obliquely lanceolate, concave, 3-veined, only mid vein reaches at apex, apex acuminate. Lip entire, free from column wings, 11 × 3 mm, oblong-lanceolate, base without ridges, 3-veined, apex acuminate to aristate; spur absent. Column 5 mm, flat. Fruit an ovoid capsule, 4-rigded, 1.5 cm long and 9 mm in diameter.
 Flowering time: —August.
 Habit, habitat and distribution: —Terrestrial in forest margins, grows in moist shady slopes. Taxon is known only from type locality in far-western Nepal at an altitude of 2200 meters. During the fieldwork in 2011, total forty individuals of C. himalaicum were observed in two different localities at the same altitude and habitat.
 Etymology: — Calanthe himalaicum is the name of the type locality from Himalayan country Nepal.
 Notes: — Calanthe himalaicum is close to Calanthe arcuata with which it shares the yellowish green flowers flushed with purplish brown markings (Rolf 1896). It is distinguished from C. arcuata by the scape equal or shorter than leaves, pedicel and ovary glabrous; petal lanceolate; lip entire, without spur, nearly similar to sepal and petal, base without ridges and free from column wings.
 Another species Calanthe actinomorpha (Fukuy1935: 668) is similar to Calanthe himalaicum in lip shape (unlobed lip) but C. actinomorpha differs in having very dense and longer inflorecence, caducous floral bracts and lemon yellow flowers.
description: Published as part of Raskoti, Bhakta Bahadur & Ale, Rita, 2019, New species of orchids and notes on Orchidaceae of Nepal, pp. 257-266 in Phytotaxa 394 (4) on pages 257-260, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.394.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/13718521
The Predicted Ability of Lawsonia Interims (Henna) to Stain Histological Tissue Sections and Malaria Blood Smears
Creators: name: Younis, Mudather Elnoor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320203
subject: Clinical microbiology

description: The microtome sections of the tissue biopsies are colorless, making it impossible to distinguish between the various tissue components identification and the study of their morphology are made possible and straightforward by staining the specimens with various colored dyes that have an affinity for particular tissue components. in order to investigate the hypothesis that Lawsonia inermis, often known as "henna" could serve as a good source of nuclear or cytoplasm staining. Fresh leaves of the henna tree were collected, thoroughly washed under running water, dried, and subjected to grinding with the aid of a mechanical grinder to form powder, sieved, and stored in a dry container 10g of henna powder was then dissolved in 100ml of absolute alcohol to give a concentration of 100mg plant product/ml of absolute alcohol, Then to the alcohol were added 100 ml of glycerin, 100 ml of distilled water, 10 ml of glacial acetic acid, and 15g of potassium alum the addition of sodium Iodate caused the henna solution to chemically ripen, ammonia, potassium alum, and acetic acid were added to an ethanolic henna solution to increase Lawsonia inermis' affinity to acidic structure nuclei, according to the general staining principle that only basic stains do color the acidic structure nucleus, the alkalinized solution showed improved staining of the acidic nucleus, henna also stained malaria parasite weakly brown at a concentration up to 1og/100 ml, indicating that the acidic nature of henna plant was probably responsible for their staining to the basic cellular component cytoplasm. The results of this study should serve as a foundation for further investigation and research into the potential utility of natural plant products as sources of histology dyes.
Novel Cephalosporins Selectively Active on Nonreplicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Creators: name: Ling, Yan
name: Porubsky, Patrick
name: Warrier, Thulasi
name: Mitscher, Lester A.
name: Gold, Ben
name: Smith, Robert
name: Dartois, Véronique
name: Zhang, David
name: Roberts, Julia
name: Lopez Quezada, Landys
name: Ballinger, Elaine
name: Nguyen, Quyen
name: Aubé, Jeffrey
name: Hanson, Paul
name: Rogers, Steven
name: Pingle, Maneesh
name: Nathan, Carl
name: Schoenen, Frank J.
name: Zimmerman, Matthew
name: Little, David
name: Somersan, Selin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: We report two series of novel cephalosporins that are bactericidal to Mycobacterium tuberculosis alone of the pathogens tested, which only kill M. tuberculosis when its replication is halted by conditions resembling those believed to pertain in the host, and whose bactericidal activity is not dependent upon or enhanced by clavulanate, a β-lactamase inhibitor. The two classes of cephalosporins bear an ester or alternatively an oxadiazole isostere at C-2 of the cephalosporin ring system, a position that is almost exclusively a carboxylic acid in clinically used agents in the class. Representatives of the series kill M. tuberculosis within macrophages without toxicity to the macrophages or other mammalian cells.
Single Pulse Dispersion Measure of the Crab Pulsar
Creators: name: Lewandowska, N.
name: Demorest, P. B.
name: McLaughlin, M. A.
name: Kilian, P.
name: Hankins, T. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the use of bright single pulses from the Crab pulsar to determine separately the dispersion measure (DM) for the Main Pulse and Interpulse components. We develop two approaches using cross correlation functions (CCFs). The first method computes the CCF of the total intensity of each of 64 frequency channels with a reference channel and converts the time lag of maximum correlation into a DM. The second method separately computes the CCF between every pair of channels for each individual bright pulse and extracts an average DM from the distribution of all channel-pair DMs. Both methods allow the determination of the DM with a relative uncertainty of better than 10^-5 and provide robust estimates for the uncertainty of the best-fit value. We find differences in DM between the Main Pulse, the Low Frequency Interpulse, and the High Frequency Interpulse using both methods in a frequency range from 4 to 6 GHz. Earlier observations of the High Frequency Interpulse carried out by Hankins et al. (2016) resulted in DM_HFIP-DM_MP of 0.010 +- 0.016 pc cm^-3. Our results indicate a DM_HFIP-DM_MP of 0.0127 +- 0.0011 pc cm^-3 (with DM_comp being the DM value of the respective emission component), confirming earlier results with an independent method. During our studies we also find a relation between the brightness of single pulses in the High Frequency Interpulse and their DM. We also discuss the application of the developed methods on the identification of substructures in the case of Fast Radio Bursts.
description: Accepted for publication by the Astrophysical Journal
The Imputation Many Missing Value in Time Series Data Use Multivariate Relationships
Creators: name: พยุง มีสัจ
Publisher: name: Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Mahanakorn University of Technology
Year: 2018
Subjects: Imputation value
Time series
Multivariate data
Artificial neural network
Data mining
Learn Machine

description: Journal of Information Science and Technology, 8, 1, 16-25