cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sex Hormones and Mood in the Perimenopause
Creators: name: Schmidt, Peter J.
name: Rubinow, David R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The focus of this chapter is the relationship between the onset of depression in women and the reproductive events of the menopause transition. Epidemiologic studies have documented that the majority of women do not become depressed during the menopause transition. However, recent longitudinal studies suggest that in some women, the reproductive events related to the menopause transition could play a role in the onset of depression. No abnormality of ovarian hormones has been identified that distinguishes women with depression from those who remain asymptomatic during the menopause transition. Nonetheless, several findings suggest a role of ovarian hormones in the onset of these depressions. First, episodes of depression cluster during the stage of the menopause transition that is accompanied by estradiol withdrawal. Second, randomized controlled trials have documented the short-term (3–6 weeks) antidepressant efficacy of estradiol in depressed perimenopausal women. Third, experimentally induced estradiol withdrawal triggers mood symptoms in some women. Thus, although depression is not a uniform accompaniment of the menopause transition, in some women, age-related changes in ovarian estrogen production may alter central nervous system function and predispose them to develop depression.
Magnetic order on a topological insulator surface with warping and proximity-induced superconductivity
Creators: name: Mendler, Daniel
name: Kotetes, Panagiotis
name: Schön, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the nature of the magnetic order on the surface of a topological insulator (TI) which develops due to hexagonal warping and the resulting Fermi surface (FS) nesting in the presence of a repulsive Hubbard interaction. For this purpose we investigate the spin susceptibility and derive a Landau theory to compare the different accessible phases. For a nearly hexagonal FS and sufficiently strong interaction the magnetic ground state is formed by a skyrmion lattice, i.e., by a superposition of three helical spin density waves which preserves C$_3$ symmetry. The magnetic ground state is topologically nontrivial with a nonzero skyrmion charge, which can be stabilized and controlled by an applied magnetic field. By bringing the TI in proximity to a conventional superconductor one can engineer a C$_3$-symmetric topological superconductor. We explore the modification of the phase diagram as well as the mutual influence between the skyrmion structure and a multipolar distribution of supercurrents, which can provide information about the underlying skyrmion charge.
description: Main text: 15 pages and 11 figures; Appendix: 4 pages and 2 figures; v2: slight modifications and updated references
Additional file 4: of Protocol for a Randomised controlled trial to Evaluate the effectiveness and cost benefit of prescribing high dose FLuoride toothpaste in preventing and treating dEntal Caries in high-risk older adulTs (reflect trial)
Creators: name: M. Tickle
name: D. Ricketts
name: A. Duncan
name: L. OâMalley
name: P. Donaldson
name: J. Clarkson
name: M. Black
name: D. Boyers
name: M. Donaldson
name: R. Floate
name: M. Forrest
name: A. Fraser
name: A. Glenny
name: B. Goulao
name: A. McDonald
name: C. Ramsay
name: C. Ross
name: T. Walsh
name: H. Worthington
name: L. Young
name: D. Bonetti
name: J. Gouick
name: F. Mitchell
name: L. Macpherson
name: Y. Lin
name: I. Pretty
name: S. Birch
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Appendix 4. SPIRIT checklist. (DOCX 43 kb)
Additional file 1 of The effect of vitamin D supplementation on oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials
Creators: name: Motamed, Soudabe
name: Nikooyeh, Bahareh
name: Anari, Razieh
name: Motamed, Somayeh
name: Mokhtari, Zeinab
name: Neyestani, Tirang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Zonula Occludens-1 and -2 Are Cytosolic Scaffolds That Regulate the Assembly of Cellular Junctions
Creators: name: Anderson, James M.
name: Fanning, Alan S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The integrity of the tight junction barrier in epithelial and endothelial cells is critical to human health, but we still lack a detailed mechanistic knowledge of how the barrier is formed during development or responds to pathological and pharmacological insults. This limits our understanding of barrier dysfunction in disease and slows the development of therapeutic strategies. Recent studies confirm the long-maintained but previously unsupported view that the zonula occludens (ZO) proteins ZO-1 and ZO-2 are critical determinants of barrier formation. However, ZO proteins can also be components of adherens junctions, and recent studies suggest that ZO proteins may also promote the assembly and function of these junctions during epithelial morphogenesis. We review these studies and outline several recent observations that suggest that one role of ZO proteins is to regulate cytoskeletal dynamics at cell junctions. Finally, we propose a model by which the functional activities of ZO proteins in the adherens junction and tight junction are differentiated by a novel regulatory motif known as the U6 or acidic motif.
Avoidable errors in the modeling of outbreaks of emerging pathogens, with special reference to Ebola
Creators: name: King, Aaron A.
name: de Cellès, Matthieu Domenech
name: Magpantay, Felicia M. G.
name: Rohani, Pejman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As an emergent infectious disease outbreak unfolds, public health response is reliant on information on key epidemiological quantities, such as transmission potential and serial interval. Increasingly, transmission models fit to incidence data are used to estimate these parameters and guide policy. Some widely-used modeling practices lead to potentially large errors in parameter estimates and, consequently, errors in model-based forecasts. Even more worryingly, in such situations, confidence in parameter estimates and forecasts can itself be far over-estimated, leading to the potential for large errors that mask their own presence. Fortunately, straightforward and computationally inexpensive alternatives exist that avoid these problems. Here, we first use a simulation study to demonstrate potential pitfalls of the standard practice of fitting deterministic models to cumulative incidence data. Next, we demonstrate an alternative based on stochastic models fit to raw data from an early phase of 2014 West Africa Ebola Virus Disease outbreak. We show not only that bias is thereby reduced, but that uncertainty in estimates and forecasts is better quantified and that, critically, lack of model fit is more readily diagnosed. We conclude with a short list of principles to guide the modeling response to future infectious disease outbreaks.
description: 40 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables. Published by Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series. Published online 1 April 2015
Reflex conditioning: a new strategy for improving motor function after spinal cord injury: Chen et al.
Creators: name: Thompson, Aiko
name: Chen, Yi
name: Chen, Xiang Yang
name: Wolpaw, Jonathan R.
name: Segal, Richard L.
name: Carp, Jonathan S.
name: Wang, Yu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Spinal reflex conditioning changes reflex size, induces spinal cord plasticity, and modifies locomotion. Appropriate reflex conditioning can improve walking in rats after spinal cord injury (SCI). Reflex conditioning offers a new therapeutic strategy for restoring function in people with SCI. This approach can address the specific deficits of individuals with SCI by targeting specific reflex pathways for increased or decreased responsiveness. In addition, once clinically significant regeneration can be achieved, reflex conditioning could provide a means of re-educating the newly (and probably imperfectly) reconnected spinal cord.
Innovative approach for the synthesis of N-substituted amides from nitriles and alcohols using propylphosphonic anhydride (T3P®) under solvent-free conditions
Creators: name: Swarup, Hassan A.
name: Nagaraju Chaithra
name: Nagarakere C. Sandhya
name: Shobith Rangappa
name: Kempegowda Mantelingu
name: Kanchugarakoppal S. Rangappa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Novel and convenient methodology for the construction of N-substituted amide derivatives have been developed from nitriles and alcohols using propylphosphonic anhydride (T3P®). This methodology is an alternate approach to the synthesis of amides via Ritter reaction, which is one of the classical methods for the synthesis of N-substituted amides from nitriles and alcohols. In this approach, first T3P® activates the alcohol which is then attacked by nitrile to form N-substituted amides. This methodology can also apply for the synthesis of benzhydryl ether. This developed protocol is one of the novel applications of T3P®.
A Mini-Neptune from TESS and CHEOPS Around the 120 Myr Old AB Dor Member HIP 94235
Creators: name: Kielkopf, J.
name: Dragomir, D.
name: Bouma, L.G.
name: Franson, K.
name: Kraus, A.L.
name: Gillen, E.
name: Vanderspek, R.
name: Heitzmann, A.
name: Kane, S.R.
name: Bowler, B.P.
name: Kunimoto, M.
name: Ricker, G.
name: Hartman, J.D.
name: Wright, D.J.
name: Huang, C.X.
name: Latham, D.W.
name: Douglas, S.T.
name: Okumura, J.
name: Addison, B.C.
name: Fausnaugh, M.
name: Quinn, S.N.
name: Venner, A.
name: Tofflemire, B.M.
name: Zhou, G.
name: Battley, M.
name: Howell, S.B.
name: Daylan, T.
name: Jenkins, J.M.
name: Mengel, M.W.
name: Plavchan, P.
name: Wirth, C.P.
name: Lowson, N.
name: Mann, A.W.
name: Wittenmyer, R.A.
name: Triaud, A.
name: Seager, S.
name: Winn, J.N.
name: Newton, E.R.
name: Horner, J.
Publisher: name: American Astronomical Society
Year: 2022

description: The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission has enabled discoveries of the brightest transiting planet systems around young stars. These systems are the benchmarks for testing theories of planetary evolution. We report the discovery of a mini-Neptune transiting a bright star in the AB Doradus moving group. HIP 94235 (TOI-4399, TIC 464646604) is a V mag = 8.31 G-dwarf hosting a 3.00-0.28+0.32RâŠ mini-Neptune in a 7.7 day period orbit. HIP 94235 is part of the AB Doradus moving group, one of the youngest and closest associations. Due to its youth, the host star exhibits significant photometric spot modulation, lithium absorption, and X-ray emission. Three 0.06% transits were observed during Sector 27 of the TESS Extended Mission, though these transit signals are dwarfed by the 2% peak-To-peak photometric variability exhibited by the host star. Follow-up observations with the Characterising Exoplanet Satellite confirmed the transit signal and prevented the erosion of the transit ephemeris. HIP 94235 is part of a 50 au G-M binary system. We make use of diffraction limited observations spanning 11 yr, and astrometric accelerations from Hipparcos and Gaia, to constrain the orbit of HIP 94235 B. HIP 94235 is one of the tightest stellar binaries to host an inner planet. As part of a growing sample of bright, young planet systems, HIP 94235 b is ideal for follow-up transit observations, such as those that investigate the evaporative processes driven by high-energy radiation that may sculpt the valleys and deserts in the Neptune population.
Advancing drug discovery for schizophrenia
Creators: name: Buchanan, Robert W.
name: Roth, Bryan
name: Conn, P. Jeffrey
name: Karayiorgou, Maria
name: Geyer, Mark A.
name: Caron, Marc G.
name: Welnberger, Daniel R.
name: Akbarian, Schahram
name: Solis, Michelle
name: Moghaddam, Bita
name: Guidotti, Alessandro
name: Campbell, Brian
name: Lieberman, Jeffrey A.
name: Allen, John A.
name: Law, Amanda J.
name: Nestler, Eric J.
name: George, Susan R.
name: Gingrich, Jay
name: Krystal, John H.
name: Haggarty, Stephen J.
name: Marder, Stephen R.
name: Sullivan, Patrick F.
name: Saw, Akira
name: Scolnick, Edward M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Sponsored by the New York Academy of Sciences and with support from the National Institute of Mental Health, the Life Technologies Foundation, and the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, "Advancing Drug Discovery for Schizophrenia" was held March 9-11 at the New York Academy of Sciences in New York City. The meeting, comprising individual talks and panel discussions, highlighted basic, clinical, and translational research approaches, all of which contribute to the overarching goal of enhancing the pharmaceutical armamentarium for treating schizophrenia. This report surveys work by the vanguard of schizophrenia research in such topics as genetic and epigenetic approaches; small molecule therapeutics; and the relationships between target genes, neuronal function, and symptoms of schizophrenia.
Smartphone App for Skin Cancer Mole Detection
Creators: name: Pandey, Santosh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Diagnostic radiography
Dermatology
Emergency medicine
Clinimetrics

description: Melanoma is a particularly dangerous type of skin cancer and is hard to treat in its later stages. Therefore, early detection is key in reducing mortality rates. In order to assist dermatologists in doing this, computer-aided systems have been designed for desktop computers. However, there is a desire for the development of mobile, at-home diagnostics for melanoma risk assessment. Here, we introduce a smartphone application that captures images and extracts ABCD features to classify skin lesions as either malignant or benign. The algorithms used are adaptive to make the process light and user-friendly, as well as reliable in diagnosis. Images can be taken with the phone's camera or imported from public datasets. The entire process of taking the image, performing preprocessing, segmentation and classification is completed on an Android smartphone in a short time. Our application is evaluated on a dataset of 200 images, and achieved either comparable or better performance metrics than other methods. Additionally, it is easy-to-download and easy-to-navigate for the user, which is important for the widespread use of such diagnostics.
 Kalwa, U.; Legner, C.; Kong, T.; Pandey, S. Skin Cancer Diagnostics with an All-Inclusive Smartphone Application. Symmetry 2019, 11, 790. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11060790 https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/6/790
Barrett's esophagus: endoscopic treatments II
Creators: name: Appelman, Henry D.
name: Chuttani, Ram
name: Shields, Helen M.
name: Horwhat, John D.
name: Greenwald, Bruce D.
name: Abrams, Julian A.
name: Upton, Melissa P.
name: Komanduri, Srinadh
name: Sontag, Stephen J.
name: Lightdale, Charles J.
name: Shaheen, Nicholas J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The following on endoscopic treatments of Barrett's esophagus includes commentaries on animal experiments on cryotherapy; indications for cryotherapy, choice of dosimetry, number of sessions, and role in Barrett's esophagus and adenocarcinoma; recent technical developments of RFA technology and long-term effects; the comparative effects of diverse ablation procedures and the rate of recurrence following treatment; and the indications for treatment of dysplasia and the role of radiofrequency ablation.
Staphylococcus argenteus and Staphylococcus schweitzeri are cytotoxic to human cells in vitro due to high expression of alpha-hemolysin Hla
Creators: name: Johansson, Cecilia
name: Hilpi Rautelin
name: Kaden, René
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Staphylococcus argenteus and Staphylococcus schweitzeri are newly identified species of the S. aureus-related complex. S. argenteus, as occurring globally and showing significant prevalence and comparable infection and morbidity rates compared to S. aureus, is becoming clinically important. Whole genome sequencing has revealed the presence of several virulence genes but the molecular mechanisms of S. argenteus infection and virulence are largely unknown. Here, we studied the effect of a previously characterized clinical S. argenteus isolate on human cells in vitro. The clinical isolate, together with the S. argenteus type strain MSHR1132T and the S. schweitzeri type strain FSA084T, had a cytotoxic effect on the cells, which showed necrotic cell death after a few hours of treatment. The protein causing the cytotoxic effect was purified and identified by mass spectrometry as alpha-hemolysin, Hla, which is awell-known pore-forming toxin in S.aureus. The cytotoxic effect could be blocked with an antibody against Hla. S.argenteus showed 12–15 fold higher expression levels of hla at the RNA level and 4–6 fold higher expression levels at the protein level compared to S.aureus. The higher expression levels of hla were supported by higher RNA levels of the regulatory factors sarA and saeR. Also, the RNAIII component of the accessory gene regulator (agr) quorum sensing system was 8,000–10,000 fold higher in the S.argenteus isolates compared to S.aureus. This is the first study on the effect of S.argenteus on ahuman cell line and strengthens the idea of significant virulence of S.argenteus.
Prediagnostic smoking history, alcohol consumption, and colorectal cancer survival: The Seattle Colon Cancer Family Registry
Creators: name: Phipps, Amanda I.
name: Baron, John
name: Newcomb, Polly A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Smoking and alcohol consumption are associated with an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. However, it is unclear whether these exposures are associated with survival after colorectal cancer diagnosis.
Development and Evolution of Character Displacement
Creators: name: Pfennig, David W.
name: Pfennig, Karin S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Character displacement occurs when competition for either resources or successful reproduction imposes divergent selection on interacting species, causing divergence in traits associated with resource use or reproduction. Here, we describe how character displacement can be mediated either by genetically canalized changes (i.e., changes that reflect allelic or genotype frequency changes) or by phenotypic plasticity. We also discuss how these two mechanisms influence the tempo of character displacement. Specifically, we suggest that, under some conditions, character displacement mediated by phenotypic plasticity might occur more rapidly than that mediated by genetically canalized changes. Finally, we describe how these two mechanisms may act together and determine character displacement’s mode, such that it proceeds through an initial phase in which trait divergence is environmentally induced to a later phase in which divergence becomes genetically canalized. This plasticity-first hypothesis predicts that character displacement should be generally mediated by ancestral plasticity and that it will arise similarly in multiple, independently evolving populations. We conclude by highlighting future directions for research that would test these predictions.
Impact of diagnosis and treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer on health-related quality of life for older Americans: A population-based study
Creators: name: Stover, Angela M.
name: Chen, Ronald C.
name: Potosky, Arnold L.
name: Taylor, Kathryn L.
name: Clauser, Steven B.
name: Reeve, Bryce B.
name: Collins, Sean P.
name: Jensen, Roxanne E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Few studies have measured the longitudinal change in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of prostate cancer patients starting prior to cancer diagnosis, or provide simultaneous comparisons with a matched non-cancer cohort. Our study addresses these gaps by providing unique estimates of the effects of a cancer diagnosis on HRQOL accounting for the confounding effects of ageing and comorbidity.
Evaluation of commercial ADC radiation tolerance for accelerator experiments
Creators: name: Chen, Kai
name: Chen, Hucheng
name: Kierstead, James
name: Takai, Helio
name: Rescia, Sergio
name: Hu, Xueye
name: Xu, Hao
name: Mead, Joseph
name: Lanni, Francesco
name: Minelli, Marena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic components used in high energy physics experiments are subjected to a radiation background composed of high energy hadrons, mesons and photons. These particles can induce permanent and transient effects that affect the normal device operation. Ionizing dose and displacement damage can cause chronic damage which disable the device permanently. Transient effects or single event effects are in general recoverable with time intervals that depend on the nature of the failure. The magnitude of these effects is technology dependent with feature size being one of the key parameters. Analog to digital converters are components that are frequently used in detector front end electronics, generally placed as close as possible to the sensing elements to maximize signal fidelity. We report on radiation effects tests conducted on 17 commercially available analog to digital converters and extensive single event effect measurements on specific twelve and fourteen bit ADCs that presented high tolerance to ionizing dose. Mitigation strategies for single event effects (SEE) are discussed for their use in the large hadron collider environment.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Chemotherapy use and patient treatment preferences in advanced colorectal cancer: A prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Catalano, Paul J.
name: Grambow, Steven C.
name: Weeks, Jane C.
name: Provenzale, Dawn
name: Zafar, S. Yousuf
name: Kolimaga, Jane T.
name: Abbott, David H.
name: Ayanian, John Z.
name: Kahn, Katherine L.
name: Ganz, Patricia A.
name: Zullig, Leah L.
name: West, Dee W.
name: Malin, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Our objective was to determine how patient preferences guide the course of palliative chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer.
The LHS 1678 System: Two Earth-sized Transiting Planets and an Astrometric Companion Orbiting an M Dwarf Near the Convective Boundary at 20 pc
Creators: name: Mann, A.W.
name: Tan, T.-G.
name: Irwin, J.M.
name: Kunimoto, M.
name: Wang, G.
name: Astudillo-Defru, N.
name: Quinn, S.N.
name: Vanderspek, R.
name: Torres, G.
name: Sefako, R.
name: Paredes, L.A.
name: Winters, J.G.
name: Henry, T.J.
name: Horne, K.
name: Cloutier, R.
name: Ciardi, D.R.
name: Jenkins, J.M.
name: Schlieder, J.E.
name: Doty, J.P.
name: Crossfield, I.J.M.
name: Kane, S.R.
name: Bonfils, X.
name: Dressing, C.D.
name: Conti, D.M.
name: Barclay, T.
name: Stockdale, C.
name: Shporer, A.
name: Stassun, K.G.
name: Winn, J.N.
name: Schwarz, R.P.
name: Kostov, V.B.
name: Vanderburg, A.
name: Smith, J.C.
name: Ricker, G.R.
name: Kruse, E.
name: Collins, K.A.
name: Latham, D.W.
name: Charbonneau, D.
name: Hord, B.J.
name: Twicken, J.D.
name: Seager, S.
name: Matthews, E.
name: Daylan, T.
name: Silverstein, M.L.
name: Tey, E.
name: Vrijmoet, E.H.
name: Brasseur, C.E.
name: Gilbert, E.A.
name: Huang, C.
name: Collins, K.I.
name: Jao, W.-C.
Publisher: name: American Astronomical Society
Year: 2022

description: We present the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) discovery of the LHS 1678 (TOI-696) exoplanet system, comprised of two approximately Earth-sized transiting planets and a likely astrometric brown dwarf orbiting a bright (V J = 12.5, K s = 8.3) M2 dwarf at 19.9 pc. The two TESS-detected planets are of radius 0.70 ± 0.04 R ⊕ and 0.98 ± 0.06 R ⊕ in 0.86 day and 3.69 day orbits, respectively. Both planets are validated and characterized via ground-based follow-up observations. High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher RV monitoring yields 97.7 percentile mass upper limits of 0.35 M ⊕ and 1.4 M ⊕ for planets b and c, respectively. The astrometric companion detected by the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory/Small and Moderate Aperture Telescope System 0.9 m has an orbital period on the order of decades and is undetected by other means. Additional ground-based observations constrain the companion to being a high-mass brown dwarf or smaller. Each planet is of unique interest; the inner planet has an ultra-short period, and the outer planet is in the Venus zone. Both are promising targets for atmospheric characterization with the James Webb Space Telescope and mass measurements via extreme-precision radial velocity. A third planet candidate of radius 0.9 ± 0.1 R ⊕ in a 4.97 day orbit is also identified in multicycle TESS data for validation in future work. The host star is associated with an observed gap in the lower main sequence of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. This gap is tied to the transition from partially to fully convective interiors in M dwarfs, and the effect of the associated stellar astrophysics on exoplanet evolution is currently unknown. The culmination of these system properties makes LHS 1678 a unique, compelling playground for comparative exoplanet science and understanding the formation and evolution of small, short-period exoplanets orbiting low-mass stars.
Does enhanced nutrient availability increase volatile emissions in cranberry?
Creators: name: Lange, Elvira S. De
name: Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Nutrient availability impacts plant indirect defenses, such as emissions of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) that attract natural enemies of herbivores. However, the effects are variable depending on the cropping system, and emissions may increase, decrease, or be not affected by nutrient availability. Here, we evaluated the effects of different fertilizer regimes, which varied nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) availability, on HIPV emissions in cranberry, Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. Plants included six cranberry varieties that were subjected to four different fertilizer regimes and either noninduced or induced with methyl jasmonate (MeJA), an elicitor of HIPVs, in a 6 × 4 × 2 factorial design. Results show that enhanced NPK fertilizer applications increased total HIPV emissions in MeJA-treated cranberries, regardless of variety. This effect was due to an increase in plant fresh weight. Although the ecological effects of increased HIPV emissions need to be investigated, these findings may have implications for natural enemy manipulation in agro-ecosystems.
Synovial fluids facilitate small solute diffusivity.
Creators: name: Hadler, N M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1980

description: The diffusivity of water, fucose, proline, lysine, glutamic acid, glucose and sucrose was determined in a variety of inflammatory human synovial fluids. In view of the constituents of pathological synovial fluids one would predict impedence to solute movement. In several fluid diffusivity was enhanced relative to translational diffusion in water. In most fluids diffusivity was enhanced relative to diffusion in diluted serum. Diffusivity of the solutes was dependent on size and charge of the solute but independent of fluid characteristics, including glucose, protein, and complement concentrations and cellular constituents. This paper reports aberrant small solute behaviour in synovial fluids. Enhanced diffusivity relative to water was demonstrated in hyaluronate dissolved in diluted serum as well. Hyaluronate domains in the synovial fluids interact with these solutes, facilitating movement. This phenomenon affords a homoestatic mechanism as regards chondrocyte viability in spite of inflammation or a low glucose concentration.
Heavy Quark Potential at Finite Temperature in a Dual Gravity Closer to Large N QCD
Creators: name: Patra, Binoy Krishna
name: Khanchandani, Himanshu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In gauge-gravity duality, the heavy quark potential at finite temperature is usually calculated with the pure AdS background, which does not capture the renormalization group (RG) running in the gauge theory part. In addition, the potential does not contain any confining term in the deconfined phase. Following the Klebanov-Strassler geometry, we employ a geometry, which captures the RG flow similar to QCD, to obtain the heavy quark potential by analytically continuing the string configurations into the complex plane. In addition to the attractive terms, the obtained potential has confining terms both at $T = 0$ and $T \neq 0 $, compared to the calculations usually done in the literature, where only the Coulomb-like term is present in the deconfined phase. The potential also develops an (negative) imaginary part above a critical separation, $r_c (= 0.53 z_h )$. Moreover, our potential exhibits a behavior different from the usual Debye screening obtained from perturbation theory.
description: 18 pages, one figure; Typos corrected, replaced by published version
Additional file 1 of Quality assessment of Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) for the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease using the AGREE II instrument: a systematic review
Creators: name: Zambrano-Sánchez, R.
name: Alvarez-Mena, P.
name: Hidalgo, D.
name: Liquitay, C. M. Escobar
name: Franco, J. V. A.
name: Vernooij, R. W. M.
name: Simancas-Racines, D.
name: Viteri-García, A.
name: Montesinos-Guevara, C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1.
Physical properties of strong 1 < z < 3 Balmer and Paschen lines emitters observed with JWST
Creators: name: Seillé, L. -M.
name: Buat, V.
name: Fernández, V.
name: Boquien, M.
name: Roehlly, Y.
name: Boselli, A.
name: Calabrò, A.
name: Amorín, R. O.
name: Backhaus, B. E.
name: Burgarella, D.
name: Cleri, N. J.
name: Dickinson, M.
name: Hathi, N. P.
name: Holwerda, B. W.
name: Koekemoer, A. M.
name: Napolitano, L.
name: Pacucci, F.
name: Robertson, C.
name: Yung, L. Y. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ultraviolet continuum traces young stars while the near-infrared unveils older stellar populations and dust-obscured regions. Balmer emission lines provide insights on gas properties and young stellar objects but are highly affected by dust attenuation. The near-infrared Paschen lines suffer less dust attenuation and can be used to measure star formation rates (SFRs) in star-forming regions obscured by dust clouds. We select 13 sources between redshifts 1 and 3 observed with HST, JWST/NIRCam and NIRSpec based on the availability of at least one Balmer and one Paschen line with S/N > 5. With a newly-developed version of CIGALE, we fit their hydrogen line equivalent widths (EWs) and photometric data. We assess the impacts of the removal of spectroscopic data by comparing the quality of the fits of the spectro-photometric data to those with photometric data only. We compare the single (BC03) vs binary (BPASS) stellar populations models in the fitting process of spectro-photometric data. We derive the differential attenuation and explore different attenuation recipes by fitting spectro-photometric data with BC03. For each stellar model and for each input dataset (with and without EWs), we quantify the deviation on the SFRs and stellar masses from the "standard" choice. On average, the SFRs are overestimated and the stellar masses are underestimated when EWs are not included as input data. We find a major contribution of the H$α$ emission line to the broadband photometric measurements of our sources, and a trend of increasing contribution with specific SFR. Using the BPASS models has a significant impact on the derived SFRs and stellar masses. We show that a flexible attenuation recipe provides more accurate estimates of the dust attenuation parameters, especially the differential attenuation which agrees with the original value of Charlot & Fall (2000).
description: Accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 19 pages, 15 figures
Compact binary systems in scalar-tensor gravity. III. Scalar waves and energy flux
Creators: name: Lang, Ryan N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the scalar waveform generated by a binary of nonspinning compact objects (black holes or neutron stars) in a general class of scalar-tensor theories of gravity. The waveform is accurate to 1.5 post-Newtonian order [$O((v/c)^3)$] beyond the leading-order tensor gravitational waves (the "Newtonian quadrupole"). To solve the scalar-tensor field equations, we adapt the direct integration of the relaxed Einstein equations formalism developed by Will, Wiseman, and Pati. The internal gravity of the compact objects is treated with an approach developed by Eardley. We find that the scalar waves are described by the same small set of parameters which describes the equations of motion and tensor waves. For black hole--black hole binaries, the scalar waveform vanishes, as expected from previous results which show that these systems in scalar-tensor theory are indistinguishable from their general relativistic counterparts. For black hole--neutron star binaries, the scalar waveform simplifies considerably from the generic case, essentially depending on only a single parameter up to first post-Newtonian order. With both the tensor and scalar waveforms in hand, we calculate the total energy flux carried by the outgoing waves. This quantity is computed to first post-Newtonian order relative to the "quadrupole formula" and agrees with previous, lower order calculations.
description: 35 pages
Protease inhibitors in inflammatory synovial effusions.
Creators: name: Hadler, N M
name: Quinet, R J
name: Spitznagel, J K
name: Johnson, A M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1981

description: Granulocyte lysosomal enzymes can potentially participate in cartilage degradation in inflammatory arthritides. However, we have shown that the quantity of several such enzymes in an inflammatory synovial effusion correlates negatively with the degree of radiographic damage of the joint from which the fluid was sampled. In the current work the quantity of the following 5 protease inhibitors was determined immunochemically in the same fluids: alpha 1 antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, alpha 2-macroglobulin, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor, and Cl esterase inhibitor. These inhibitors are generally covariate and correlate positively with the total protein in the fluid as well as the number of granulocytes and the concentration of granulocyte lysosomal enzymes in the fluid. As did the lysosomal enzymes, the protease inhibitors correlate negatively with radiographic destruction. It is likely that lysosomal enzymes in solution in inflammatory synovial effusions are rendered effete by the presence of protease inhibitors.
Low back pain: an intermittent and remittent predicament of life
Creators: name: HADLER, N. M
name: CAREY, T. S
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: Knowledge on the clinical course of low back pain presented in general practice is poor. Preceding studies offer a fragmentary view only, whereas further knowledge is important to enable the assessment of the prognosis. The object of this study is to investigate the course of low back pain presented in general practice to enable the assessment of the prognosis.
Lagrangian constraints and renormalization of 4D gravity
Creators: name: Park, I. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been proposed in \cite{Park:2014tia} that 4D Einstein gravity becomes effectively reduced to 3D after solving the Lagrangian analogues of the Hamiltonian and momentum constraints of the Hamiltonian quantization. The analysis in \cite{Park:2014tia} was carried out at the classical/operator level. We review the proposal and make a transition to the path integral account. We then set the stage for explicitly carrying out the two-loop renormalization procedure of the resulting 3D action. We also address a potentially subtle issue in the gravity context concerning whether renormalizability does not depend on the background around which the original action is expanded.
description: 40 pages, 5 figures, minor corrections, version to appear in JHEP
Patient Preference for Placebo, Acetaminophen (paracetamol) or Celecoxib Efficacy Studies (PACES): two randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, crossover clinical trials in patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Pincus, T
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Background: Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is recommended as the initial pharmacological treatment for knee or hip osteoarthritis. However, survey and clinical trial data indicate greater efficacy for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cyclo-oxygenase-2 specific inhibitors.
title: Neutralization of the Staphylococcus aureus Panton-Valentine leukocidin by African and Caucasian sera
Creators: name: Grebe, Tobias
name: Rudolf, Viktoria
name: Gouleu, Christiane Sidonie
name: Löffler, Bettina
name: Adegnika, Ayôla Akim
name: Shittu, Adebayo Osagie
name: Deinhardt-Emmer, Stefanie
name: Niemann, Silke
name: Schaumburg, Frieder
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Background: The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus isolates carrying the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) gene is higher in Africa (≈50%) compared to Europe (< 5%). The study aimed to measure anti-PVL-antibodies in Africans and Germans in a multi-center study and to test whether detected antibodies can neutralize the cytotoxic effect of PVL on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). Methods: Sera from asymptomatic Africans (n = 22, Nigeria, Gabon) and Caucasians (n = 22, Germany) were used to quantify antibody titers against PVL and α-hemolysin (in arbitrary units [AU]) by ELISA. PMNs from one African and German donor were exposed to 5 nM recombinant PVL to measure the neutralizing effect of serial dilutions of pooled sera from African and Caucasian participants, or donor sera at 0.625 and 2.5% (v/v). Results: Anti-PVL-antibodies were significantly higher in Africans than in Germans (1.9 vs. 0.7 AU, p < 0.0001). The pooled sera from the study participants neutralized the cytotoxic effect of PVL on African and German PMNs in a dose dependent manner. Also, neutralization of PVL on PMNs from the African and German donors had a stronger effect with African sera (half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 0.27 and 0.47%, respectively) compared to Caucasian sera (IC50 = 3.51 and 3.59% respectively). Conclusion: Africans have higher levels of neutralizing anti-PVL-antibodies. It remains unclear if or at what level these antibodies protect against PVL-related diseases.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
Systemic lupus erythematosus and genetic variation in the interleukin 1 gene cluster: a population based study in the southeastern United States
Creators: name: Parks, C G
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Objective: To examine polymorphisms at IL1α -889(C→T), IL1α +4845(C→T), IL1ß -511(C→T), IL1ß +3953(G→T), and IL1Ra (86 bp VNTR) in a population based study of SLE in North Carolina and South Carolina.
Real world experience with antiphospholipid antibody tests: how stable are results over time?
Creators: name: Erkan, D
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Objective: To determine the stability and the degree of variation of antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) results over time in a large cohort of well evaluated aPL positive patients; and to analyse factors contributing to aPL variation and the validity of aPL in a real world setting in which aPL tests are done in multiple laboratories.
TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). VI. An 11 Myr Giant Planet Transiting a Very-low-mass Star in Lower Centaurus Crux
Creators: name: Mekarnia, D.
name: Schwarz, R.P.
name: Furlan, E.
name: Bush, J.L.
name: Rizzuto, A.C.
name: Wohler, B.
name: Kamler, J.
name: Barber, M.G.
name: Schlieder, J.E.
name: Owen, J.E.
name: Tofflemire, B.M.
name: Newton, E.R.
name: Jensen, E.L.N.
name: Johnson, M.C.
name: Milburn, R.P.
name: Shporer, A.
name: Latham, D.W.
name: Guillot, T.
name: Collins, K.I.
name: Jenkins, J.M.
name: Abe, L.
name: Johns-Krull, C.M.
name: Prato, L.
name: Collins, K.A.
name: Stahl, A.G.
name: Winn, J.N.
name: Vanderspek, R.
name: Kerr, R.
name: Llama, J.
name: Gnilka, C.L.
name: Owens, D.A.
name: Suarez, O.
name: Mamajek, E.E.
name: Mace, G.N.
name: Kraus, A.L.
name: Thao, P.C.
name: Quinn, S.N.
name: McLean, B.
name: Schmidt, S.P.
name: Triaud, A.H.M.J.
name: Fields, M.J.
name: Mann, A.W.
name: Wood, M.L.
name: Seager, S.
name: Tang, S.-Y.
name: Gan, T.
name: Guerrero, N.M.
name: Ricker, G.R.
name: Howell, S.B.
name: Lester, K.V.
name: Vanderburg, A.
Publisher: name: American Astronomical Society
Year: 2022

description: Mature super-Earths and sub-Neptunes are predicted to be ≃ Jovian radius when younger than 10 Myr. Thus, we expect to find 5-15 R planets around young stars even if their older counterparts harbor none. We report the discovery and validation of TOI 1227b, a 0.85 ± 0.05 R J (9.5 R) planet transiting a very-low-mass star (0.170 ± 0.015 M) every 27.4 days. TOI 1227's kinematics and strong lithium absorption confirm that it is a member of a previously discovered subgroup in the Lower Centaurus Crux OB association, which we designate the Musca group. We derive an age of 11 ± 2 Myr for Musca, based on lithium, rotation, and the color-magnitude diagram of Musca members. The TESS data and ground-based follow-up show a deep (2.5%) transit. We use multiwavelength transit observations and radial velocities from the IGRINS spectrograph to validate the signal as planetary in nature, and we obtain an upper limit on the planet mass of ≃0.5 M J. Because such large planets are exceptionally rare around mature low-mass stars, we suggest that TOI 1227b is still contracting and will eventually turn into one of the more common <5 R planets.
Are American College of Rheumatology 50% response criteria superior to 20% criteria in distinguishing active aggressive treatment in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials reported since 1997? A meta-analysis of discriminant capacities
Creators: name: Pincus, T
name: Amara, I
name: Koch, G G
name: Strand, V
name: Thompson, J L
name: Chung, C P
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: To carry out a meta‐analysis designed to compare the discriminant capacities of American College of Rheumatology 50% (ACR50) with 20% (ACR20) responses in clinical trials on rheumatoid arthritis reported after 1997 and to analyse whether ACR50 can be as informative as ACR20 in distinguishing active from control treatments in more recent trials.
First order character and observable signatures of topological quantum phase transitions
Creators: name: Amaricci, A.
name: Budich, J. C.
name: Capone, M.
name: Trauzettel, B.
name: Sangiovanni, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological quantum phase transitions are characterised by changes in global topological invariants. These invariants classify many body systems beyond the conventional paradigm of local order parameters describing spontaneous symmetry breaking. For non-interacting electrons, it is well understood that such transitions are continuous and always accompanied by a gap-closing in the energy spectrum, given that the symmetries protecting the topological phase are maintained. Here, we demonstrate that sufficiently strong electron-electron interaction can fundamentally change the situation: we discover a topological quantum phase transition of first order character in the genuine thermodynamic sense, that occurs without gap closing. Our theoretical study reveals the existence of a quantum critical endpoint associated with an orbital instability on the transition line between a 2D topological insulator and a trivial band insulator. Remarkably, this phenomenon entails unambiguous signatures associated to the orbital occupations that can be detected experimentally.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Updated Fig. 1 and updated discussion of the first-order transition