cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive ventilation in patients with COVID-19 from the perspective of the risk of contamination: a narrative review
Creators: name: Oliveira, Murilo Rezende
name: Back, Guilherme Dionir
name: de Mello Konzen, Vanessa
name: Garcia-Araújo, Adriana Sanches
name: da Luz Goulart, Cássia
name: Silva, Rebeca Nunes
name: Wibelinger, Lia Mara
name: Dixit, Snehil
name: Arena, Ross
name: Borghi-Silva, Audrey
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology

description: noninvasive ventilation (NIV) can be a useful resource to treat acute respiratory failure (ARF), which occurs in patients with COVID-19. However, it is important to consider that there are still no clinical studies that have verified the safety of its use in increase of contamination. Given the potential benefits and simultaneous concerns over the use of NIV in patients with COVID-19, further inquiry is necessary to reach a clinical consensus and provide recommendations for safe use, avoiding contamination. In this context, this narrative review, which included articles published in the Embase, SciELO, PEDro, PubMed and Cochrane up to August 2021, is focused to evaluate available studies related to interfaces, types of circuits, recommended filters, cares for the environment and protective factors for NIV use in patients with COVID-19. The studies analyzed recommend that the use of NIV can be safe: 1) with equipment that allows the use of the helmet as a safer interface; 2) with double circuit and antimicrobial filter in the expiratory branch; 3) in an environment that allows negative pressure, reducing the dispersion of aerosol particles in the environment; 4) the health team must use the recommended PPE to avoid contamination.
Sarcoidosis: epidemiology, characteristics, and outcomes over 10 years - a single-center study in Pakistan
Creators: name: Akram, Muhammad Junaid
name: Khalid, Usman
name: Abu Bakar, Muhammad
name: Butt, Faheem Mahmood
name: Ashraf, Mohammad Bilal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous inflammatory disease which remains under-diagnosed in a tuberculosis endemic region such as Pakistan. To determine the distribution, clinical characteristics, diagnostic and treatment modalities and the disease course in the Pakistani population. A cross-sectional review of sarcoidosis patients from Jan-1,2010 to Dec-31,2019 was done. Multivariable logistic and cox-regression models were used to identify the independent risk-factors associated with disease relapse. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to assess the DFS. 222 patients, with mean age 44 ± 12 years, predominantly females (57.7%) and mean BMI 29 ± 6 were diagnosed sarcoidosis. Significant co-morbidities affected 36.5%, 90% were nonsmokers, and 50.3% belonged to moderate SES. Total 178 (80.2%) were symptomatic with 115 (51.8%) having multi-organ involvement. Stage-I radiological disease was predominant (52.5%). Histopathological diagnosis was obtained in 161 (72.5%) patients. Out of 113 mediastinal lymph-nodes, NNGI was present in 99, with highest yield in Station-07 (68.6%). Treatment was instituted in 108/178 (60.7%) symptomatic patients with steroids alone and in 26 (14.6%) with S+IS, with better clinical and radiological response duration in patients receiving steroid monotherapy (p-values=0.01 and 0.001,respectively, along with overall higher survival time (p-value = 0.04). Risk factors identified for relapse included high SES (AOR5.52;95%CI(1.10–28.40),0.04), steroid monotherapy (AOR0.22; 95%CI(0.10–0.87),0.03), symptomatic response after one year (AOR3.40; 95%CI(1.02–11.10),0.04), and radiological response duration (AOR1.10; 95%CI(1.05–1.20),0.04). Sarcoidosis is a dynamic disease with a variable clinical and geographical spectrum but good overall prognosis.
Quantifying quantum chaos through microcanonical distributions of entanglement
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Nieva, Joaquin F.
name: Jonay, Cheryne
name: Khemani, Vedika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A characteristic feature of "quantum chaotic" systems is that their eigenspectra and eigenstates display universal statistical properties described by random matrix theory (RMT). However, eigenstates of local systems also encode structure beyond RMT. To capture this, we introduce a quantitative metric for quantum chaos which utilizes the Kullback-Leibler divergence to compare the microcanonical distribution of entanglement entropy (EE) of midspectrum eigenstates with a reference RMT distribution generated by pure random states (with appropriate constraints). The metric compares not just the averages of the distributions, but also higher moments. The differences in moments are compared on a highly-resolved scale set by the standard deviation of the RMT distribution, which is exponentially small in system size. This distinguishes between chaotic and integrable behavior, and also quantifies the degree of chaos in systems assumed to be chaotic. We study this metric in local minimally structured Floquet random circuits, as well as a canonical family of many-body Hamiltonians, the mixed field Ising model (MFIM). For Hamiltonian systems, the reference random distribution must be constrained to incorporate the effect of energy conservation. The metric captures deviations from RMT across all models and parameters, including those that have been previously identified as strongly chaotic, and for which other diagnostics of chaos such as level spacing statistics look strongly thermal. In Floquet circuits, the dominant source of deviations is the second moment of the distribution, and this persists for all system sizes. For the MFIM, we find significant variation of the KL divergence in parameter space. Notably, we find a small region where deviations from RMT are minimized, suggesting that "maximally chaotic" Hamiltonians may exist in fine-tuned pockets of parameter space.
description: 16+5 pages, 6+6 figures
A lattice model describing scale effects in nonlinear elasticity of nano-inhomogeneities
Creators: name: Palla, Pier Luca
name: Giordano, Stefano
name: Colombo, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a procedure to map the constitutive laws of elasticity (both in the linear and nonlinear regime) onto a discrete atomic lattice and we apply the resulting elastic lattice model to investigate the strain field within an embedded nano-inhomogeneity. We prove that its elastic behavior at the nanoscale is governed by relevant atomistic effects. In particular, we demonstrate that such effects on the linear and nonlinear elastic properties are described by the same scaling exponent, in a large range of elastic contrast between the matrix and the nano-inhomogeneity. This suggests that the linear and nonlinear elastic behaviors of the composite system belong to the same universality class (at least within the nanometer length scale here investigated).
description: Accepted on Phys.Rev.B (2010) (in press)
The structure and dynamics of molecular gas in planet-forming zones: A CRIRES spectro-astrometric survey
Creators: name: Pontoppidan, Klaus M.
name: Blake, Geoffrey A.
name: Smette, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a spectro-astrometric survey of molecular gas in the inner regions of 16 protoplanetary disks using CRIRES, the high resolution infrared imaging spectrometer on the Very Large Telescope. Spectro-astrometry with CRIRES measures the spatial extent of line emission to sub-milliarcsecond precision, or <0.2 AU at the distance of the observed targets. The sample consists of gas-rich disks surrounding stars with spectral types ranging from K to A. The properties of the spectro-astrometric signals divide the sources into two distinct phenomenological classes: one that shows clear Keplerian astrometric spectra, and one in which the astrometric signatures are dominated by gas with strong non-Keplerian (radial) motions. Similarly to the near-infrared continuum emission, as determined by interferometry, we find that the size of the CO line emitting region in the Keplerian sources obeys a size-luminosity relation as $R_CO L_*^0.5. The non-Keplerian spectro-astrometric signatures are likely indicative of the presence of wide-angle disk winds. The central feature of the winds is a strong sub-Keplerian velocity field due to conservation of angular momentum as the wind pressure drives the gas outwards. We construct a parametrized 2-dimensional disk+wind model that reproduces the observed characteristics the observed CO spectra and astrometry. The modeled winds indicate mass-loss rates of >10^-10 to 10^-8 Msol/yr. We suggest a unifying model in which all disks have slow molecular winds, but where the magnitude of the mass-loss rate determines the degree to which the mid-infrared molecular lines are dominated by the wind relative to the Keplerian disk surface.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
ROLLER BEARING FAULT DETECTION USING EMPIRICAL MODE DECOMPOSITION AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK METHODS
Creators: name: Zarekar, Javad
Publisher: name: TUENGR Group
Year: 2019
Subjects: ANN
EMD
EEMD
IMFs
HilbertHuang transform (HHT)
Kurtosis coefficient non-stationary vibrations
time-frequency

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 10, 1, 99-109
The polyanalytic Ginibre ensembles
Creators: name: Haimi, Antti
name: Hedenmalm, Haakan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a polyanalytic generalization of the Ginibre ensemble. This models allowing higher Landau levels (the Ginibre ensemble corresponds to the lowest Landau level). We study the local behavior of this point process under blow-ups.
description: 31 pages
Casimir effect for curved boundaries in Robertson-Walker spacetime
Creators: name: Saharian, A. A.
name: Setare, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vacuum expectation values of the energy-momentum tensor and the Casimir forces are evaluated for scalar and electromagnetic fields in the geometry of two curved boundaries on background of the Robertson-Walker spacetime with negative spatial curvature. Robin boundary conditions are imposed in the case of the scalar field and perfect conductor boundary conditions are assumed for the electromagnetic field. We use the conformal relation between the Robertson-Walker and Rindler spacetimes and the corresponding results for two parallel plates moving with uniform proper acceleration through the Fulling-Rindler vacuum. For the general scale factor the vacuum energy-momentum tensor is decomposed into the boundary free and boundary induced parts. The latter is non-diagonal. The Casimir forces are directed along the normals to the boundaries. For Dirichlet and Neumann scalars and for the electromagnetic field these forces are attractive for all separations.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Wittgenstein's Elimination of Identity for Quantifier-free logic
Creators: name: Lampert, Timm
name: Säbel, Markus
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Wittgenstein
subject: identity
subject: exclusive logic
subject: Ramsey
subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: One of the central logical ideas in Wittgenstein’s Tractatus logico-philosophicus is the elimination of the identity sign in favor of the so-called “exclusive interpretation” of names and quantifiers requiring different names to refer to different objects and (roughly) different variables to take different values. In this paper, we examine a recent development of these ideas in papers by Kai Wehmeier. We diagnose two main problems of Wehmeier’s account, the first concerning the treatment of individual constants, the second concerning so-called “pseudo-propositions” (Scheins¨atze) of classical logic such as a = a or a = b ^ b = c ! a = c. We argue that overcoming these problems requires two fairly drastic departures from Wehmeier’s account: (1) Not every formula of classical first-order logic will be translatable into a single formula of Wittgenstein’s exclusive notation. Instead, there will often be amultiplicity of possible translations, revealing the original “inclusive” formulas to be ambiguous. (2) Certain formulas of first-order logic such as a = a will not be translatable intoWittgenstein’s notation at all, being thereby revealed as nonsensical pseudo-propositions which should be excluded from a “correct” conceptual notation.We provide translation procedures from inclusive quantifier-free logic into the exclusive notation that take these modifications into account and define a notion of logical equivalence suitable for assessing these translations.
Floridian high-voltage power-grid network partitioning and cluster optimization using simulated annealing
Creators: name: Hamad, Ibrahim Abou
name: Rikvold, Per Arne
name: Poroseva, Svetlana V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many partitioning methods may be used to partition a network into smaller clusters while minimizing the number of cuts needed. However, other considerations must also be taken into account when a network represents a real system such as a power grid. In this paper we use a simulated annealing Monte Carlo (MC) method to optimize initial clusters on the Florida high-voltage power-grid network that were formed by associating each load with its "closest" generator. The clusters are optimized to maximize internal connectivity within the individual clusters and minimize the power deficiency or surplus that clusters may otherwise have.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, University of Georgia 24th Annual CSP Workshop
Galaxies M32 and NGC 5102 Confirm a Near-infrared Spectroscopic Chronometer
Creators: name: Miner, Jesse
name: Rose, James A.
name: Cecil, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present near infrared (NIR) IRTF/SpeX spectra of the intermediate-age galaxy M32 and the post-starburst galaxy NGC 5102. We show that features from thermally-pulsing asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) and main sequence turn-off (MSTO) stars yield similar ages to those derived from optical spectra. The TP-AGB can dominate the NIR flux of a coeval stellar population between ~0.1 and ~2 Gyr, and the strong features of (especially C-rich) TP-AGB stars are useful chronometers in integrated light studies. Likewise, the Paschen series in MSTO stars is stongly dependent on age and is an indicator of a young stellar component in integrated spectra. We define four NIR spectroscopic indices to measure the strength of absorption features from both C-rich TP-AGB stars and hydrogen features in main sequence stars, in a preliminary effort to construct a robust chronometer that probes the contributions from stars in different evolutionary phases. By comparing the values of the indices measured in M32 and NGC 5102 to those in the Maraston (2005) stellar population synthesis models for various ages and metallicities, we show that model predictions for the ages of the nuclei of M32 and NGC 5102 agree with previous results obtained from integrated optical spectroscopy and CMD analysis of the giant branches. The indices discriminate between an intermediate age population of ~3-4 Gyr, a younger population of <1 Gyr, and can also detect the signatures of very young (<100 Myr) populations.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters
Broad-band study with Suzaku of the magnetar class
Creators: name: Enoto, Teruaki
name: Nakazawa, Kazuhiro
name: Makishima, Kazuo
name: Rea, Nanda
name: Hurley, Kevein
name: Shibata, Shinpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Broad-band (0.8-70 keV) spectra of the persistent X-ray emission from 9 magnetars were obtained with Suzaku, including 3 objects in apparent outburst. The soft X-ray component was detected from all of them, with a typical blackbody temperature of kT ~ 0.5 keV, while the hard-tail component, dominating above ~10 keV, was detected at ~1 mCrab intensity from 7 of them. Therefore, the spectrum composed of a soft emission and a hard-tail component may be considered to be a common property of magnetars, both in their active and quiescent states. Wide-band spectral analyses revealed that the hard-tail component has a 1-60 keV flux, Fh, comparable to or even higher than that carried by the 1-60 keV soft component, Fs. The hardness ratio of these objects, defined as xi=Fh/Fs, was found to be tightly anti-correlated with their characteristic age tau as xi=(3.3+/-0.3)x(tau/1 kyr)^(-0.67+/-0.04) with a correlation coefficient of -0.989, over the range from xi~10 to xi~0.1. Magnetars in outburst states were found to lie on the same correlation as relatively quiescent ones. This hardness ratio is also positively correlated with their surface magnetic fields with a correlation coefficient of 0.873. In addition, the hard-tail component becomes harder towards sources with older characteristic ages, with the photon index changing from ~1.7 to ~0.4.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation variance in healthy human subjects
Creators: name: Jiang, Ruiwei
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: DNA methylation is a type of epigenetic modification that modulates gene expression by acting as an intermediate between genes and environment; this in turn could trigger phenotypic changes with widespread implications in both disease and population models. Unlike DNA sequence, which is relatively stable and finite, DNA methylation presents itself differently in different tissues, and it is described as the sum of interactions affecting attachment of methyl groups to DNA mostly as a result of development and aging, with minor influences from stochastic variability, and environmental factors. Most studies involving DNA methylation focus on finding epigenetic changes related to pathogenicity or disease, as a result, there are certain foundational questions that remain unanswered. In order to translate the current knowledge into reliable insights, it is important to answer these questions, then standardize research methods and establish reference epigenomes. Here we begin to address this challenge through two avenues: epigenomic characterization and environmental interaction. To characterize the epigenome, we monitored the peripheral blood mononuclear cell DNA methylation levels from healthy subjects over a circadian day, a month, and under prolonged sample storage. We also investigated tissue specific variability in DNA methylation by comparing matched peripheral blood mononuclear and buccal epithelial cell samples from healthy subjects. Lastly, we analyzed the impact of diesel exhaust on the DNA methylation. We discovered that while overall DNA methylation was stable within a circadian day, certain loci demonstrated significant changes over the course of a month. Prolonged sample storage, on the other hand, had an even larger effect on DNA methylation. When we compared differences across tissues, we found that although both tissues showed extensive probe-wise variability, the specific regions and magnitude of that variability differed strongly between tissues. Lastly, in light of environmental influences, we observed that DNA methylation was sensitive to even short-term exposure to diesel exhaust, and we identified associated CpG sites across the functional genome, as well as in Alu and LINE1 repetitive elements, with most of these exposure sensitive sites demonstrating loss of DNA methylation.
Wavefunction extended Lagrangian Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics
Creators: name: Steneteg, Peter
name: Abrikosov, Igor A.
name: Weber, Valery
name: Niklasson, Anders M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extended Lagrangian Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics [Niklasson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 123004 (2008)] has been generalized to the propagation of the electronic wavefunctions. The technique allows highly efficient first principles molecular dynamics simulations using plane wave pseudopotential electronic structure methods that are stable and energy conserving also under incomplete and approximate self-consistency convergence. An implementation of the method within the planewave basis set is presented and the accuracy and efficiency is demonstrated both for semi-conductor and metallic materials.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Diagrammatic Quantum Monte Carlo solution of the two-dimensional Cooperon-Fermion model
Creators: name: Yang, Kai-Yu
name: Kozik, E.
name: Wang, Xin
name: Troyer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the two-dimensional cooperon-fermion model in the correlated regime with a new continuous-time diagrammatic determinant quantum Monte Carlo (DDQMC) algorithm. We estimate the transition temperature $T_{c}$, examine the effectively reduced band gap and cooperon mass, and find that delocalization of the cooperons enhances the diamagnetism. When applied to diamagnetism of the pseudogap phase in high-$T_{c}$ cuprates, we obtain results in a qualitative agreement with recent torque magnetization measurements.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures
Cross-calibration of the X-ray Instruments onboard the Chandra, INTEGRAL, RXTE, Suzaku, Swift, and XMM-Newton Observatories using G21.5-0.9
Creators: name: Tsujimoto, Masahiro
name: Guainazzi, Matteo
name: Plucinsky, Paul P.
name: Beardmore, Andrew P.
name: Ishida, Manabu
name: Natalucci, Lorenzo
name: Posson-Brown, Jennifer L. L.
name: Read, Andrew M.
name: Saxton, Richard D.
name: Shaposhnikov, Nikolai V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The Crab nebula has been used as a celestial calibration source of the X-ray flux and spectral shape for many years by X-ray astronomy missions. However, the object is often too bright for current and future missions equipped with instruments with improved sensitivity. Aims. We use G21.5-0.9 as a viable, fainter substitute to the Crab, which is another pulsar-wind nebula with a time-constant powerlaw spectrum with a flux of a few milli Crab in the X-ray band. Using this source, we conduct a cross-calibration study of the instruments onboard currently active observatories: Chandra ACIS, Suzaku XIS, Swift XRT, XMM-Newton EPIC (MOS and pn) for the soft-band, and INTEGRAL IBIS-ISGRI, RXTE PCA, and Suzaku HXD-PIN for the hard band. Methods. We extract spectra from all the instruments and fit them under the same astrophysical assumptions. We compare the spectral parameters of the G21.5-0.9 model: power-law photon index, H-equivalent column density of the interstellar photoelectric absorption, flux in the soft (2-8 keV) or hard (15-50 keV) energy band. Results. We identify the systematic differences in the best-fit parameter values unattributable to the statistical scatter of the data alone. We interpret these differences as due to residual cross-calibration problems. The differences can be as large as 20% and 9% for the soft-band flux and power-law index, respectively, and 46% for the hard-band flux. The results are plotted and tabulated as a useful reference for future calibration and scientific studies using multiple missions.
description: 16 pages, 21 figures, and 6 tables. A&A in press
EOSC-Life WP14: COVID-19 Repository Data Sharing Policy
Creators: name: Ohmann, Christian
name: Matei, Mihaela
name: Canham, Steve
name: Panagiotopoulou, Maria
name: Demotes, Jacques
name: Thomassen, Gard
name: Blomberg, Niklas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: COVID-19
data sharing
clinical trials
repository

description: EOSC-Life is a 4-year project funded under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme. It aims to bring together the 13 Research Infrastructures in the Health and Food domain of the ESFRI Roadmap to create an open, collaborative digital space for life sciences in the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC). In March 2020, after the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak and as a rapid response to it EOSC-Life added to its work plan two new work packages to help tackle the pandemic. In EOSC-Life WP14, the European Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (ECRIN, https://ecrin.org/) has partnered with the University of Oslo (UiO, https://www.uio.no/english/) in order to commonly design, develop, implement and operate a repository for individual participant data (IPD) from COVID-19 clinical research studies that is compliant with European regulations and in particular with the GDPR. For the storage of the IPD, the TSD infrastructure of the University of Oslo will be used, which is a multitenant remote access system with a strong set of built-in security measures.
 The present document highlights the Data Sharing Policy of the COVID-19 repository under development in EOSC-Life WP14. A model Data Transfer Agreement for further discussions with Data Object Providers can also be made available on request (contact maria.panagiotopoulou@ecrin.org).
Extensions and applications of the iterative method
Creators: name: Rodionov, S. A.
name: Athanassoula, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: We aim to develop an algorithm for constructing equilibrium initial conditions for simulations of disk galaxies with a triaxial halo and/or a gaseous component. This will pave the way for N-body simulations of realistic disk galaxies. Methods: We use the iterative method, which we presented in a previous article. The idea of this method is very simple. It relies on constrained evolution. Results: We develop an algorithm for constructing equilibrium models of disk galaxies including a gaseous disk and a triaxial or axisymmetric halo. We discuss two test models. The first model consists of a spherical halo, a stellar disk, and an isothermal gaseous disk. The second model consists of a triaxial halo, a stellar disk, and a star-forming gaseous disk. We demonstrate that both test models are very close to equilibrium, as we had intended.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, published in A&A
Accretion states of the Galactic microquasar GRS 1758-258
Creators: name: Soria, Roberto
name: Broderick, Jess W.
name: Hao, JingFang
name: Hannikainen, Diana C.
name: Mehdipour, Missagh
name: Pottschmidt, Katja
name: Zhang, Shuang-Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a radio and X-ray study of the Galactic microquasar GRS 1758-258, using unpublished archival data and new observations. We focus in particular on the 2000-2002 state transitions, and on its more quiet behaviour in 2008-2009. Our spectral and timing analysis of the XMM-Newton data shows that the source was in the canonical intermediate, soft and hard states in 2000 September 19, 2001 March 22 and 2002 September 28, respectively. We estimate the disk size, luminosity and temperature, which are consistent with a black hole mass ~10 M_{sun}. There is much overlap between the range of total X-ray luminosities (on average ~0.02 L_{Edd}) in the hard and soft states, and probably between the corresponding mass accretion rates; in fact, the hard state is often more luminous. The extended radio lobes seen in 1992 and 1997 are still present in 2008-2009. The 5-GHz radio core flux density has shown variability between ~0.1-0.5 mJy over the last two decades. This firmly places GRS 1758-258 in the radio-quiet sequence of Galactic black holes, in the radio/X-ray plane. We note that this dichotomy is similar to the dichotomy between the radio/X-ray sequences of Seyfert and radio galaxies. We propose that the different radio efficiency of the two sequences is due to relativistic electron/positron jets in radio-loud black holes, and sub-relativistic, thermally dominated outflows in radio-quiet sources.
description: 17 pages, 1.6 MB, accepted by MNRAS
Quantum Monte Carlo simulations of antiferromagnetism in ultracold fermions on optical lattices within real-space dynamical mean-field theory
Creators: name: Blümer, N.
name: Gorelik, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a massively parallel quantum Monte Carlo based implementation of real-space dynamical mean-field theory for general inhomogeneous correlated fermionic lattice systems. As a first application, we study magnetic order in a binary mixture of repulsively interacting fermionic atoms harmonically trapped in an optical lattice. We explore temperature effects and establish signatures of the Néel transition in observables directly accessible in cold-atom experiments; entropy estimates are also provided. We demonstrate that the local density approximation (LDA) fails for ordered phases. In contrast, a "slab" approximation allows us to reach experimental system sizes with O(10^5) atoms without significant loss of accuracy.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures; proceedings of the Conference on Computational Physics 2009
Wafer-Scale MgB2 Superconducting Devices
Creators: name: Kim, Changsub
name: Bell, Christina
name: Evans, Jake
name: Greenfield, Jonathan
name: Batson, Emma
name: Berggren, Karl
name: Lewis, Nathan
name: Cunnane, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Progress in superconducting device and detector technologies over the past decade have realized practical applications in quantum computers, detectors for far-infrared telescopes, and optical communications. Superconducting thin film materials, however, have remained largely unchanged, with aluminum still being the material of choice for superconducting qubits, and niobium compounds for high frequency/high kinetic inductance devices. Magnesium diboride ($\mathrm{MgB}_2$), known for its highest transition temperature ($\mathrm{T}_c$ = 39 K) among metallic superconductors, is a viable material for elevated temperature and higher frequency superconducting devices moving towards THz frequencies. However, difficulty in synthesizing wafer-scale thin films have prevented implementation of $\mathrm{MgB}_2$ devices into the application base of superconducting electronics. Here, we report ultra-smooth (< 0.5 nm root-mean-square roughness) and uniform $\mathrm{MgB}_2$ thin (< 100 nm) films over 100 mm in diameter for the first time and present prototype devices fabricated with these films demonstrating key superconducting properties including internal quality factor over $\mathrm{10}^4$ at 4.5 K and high tunable kinetic inductance in the order of tens of pH/sq in a 40 nm film. This groundbreaking advancement will enable development of elevated temperature, high frequency superconducting quantum circuits and devices.
Data-Driven Methodologies for Enhancing Agile Transformation ROI in U.S. Organization
Creators: name: Tony, Azonuche
name: Idowu Scholastica, Adegoke
name: Iyanuoluwa, Bolarinwa
name: Deborah, Osahor
name: Maud, Avevor
name: Gamaliel Ibuola, Olola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In the evolving business landscape, U.S. organizations increasingly adopt Agile methodologies to enhance adaptability, innovation, and operational efficiency. However, maximizing the return on investment (ROI) from Agile transformation remains a significant challenge. This study explores the integration of data-driven methodologies in Agile transformation to optimize ROI, improve decision-making, and enhance overall business agility. By leveraging business intelligence, advanced analytics, and AI-enhanced decision frameworks, organizations can refine Agile implementation, align projects with strategic objectives, and drive sustainable performance improvements. The research examines key performance indicators (KPIs), data governance strategies, and predictive modeling techniques that facilitate continuous assessment and Agile maturity progression. Drawing from case studies and empirical research, this paper identifies best practices for organizations seeking to maximize Agile transformation outcomes. The findings emphasize the critical role of data analytics in Agile frameworks, underscoring the necessity of a structured, data-driven approach for sustainable Agile success in U.S. enterprises.
Modeling laser wakefield accelerators in a Lorentz boosted frame
Creators: name: Vay, J. -L.
name: Geddes, C. G. R.
name: Cormier-Michel, E.
name: Grote, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modeling of laser-plasma wakefield accelerators in an optimal frame of reference \cite{VayPRL07} is shown to produce orders of magnitude speed-up of calculations from first principles. Obtaining these speedups requires mitigation of a high-frequency instability that otherwise limits effectiveness in addition to solutions for handling data input and output in a relativistically boosted frame of reference. The observed high-frequency instability is mitigated using methods including an electromagnetic solver with tunable coefficients, its extension to accomodate Perfectly Matched Layers and Friedman's damping algorithms, as well as an efficient large bandwidth digital filter. It is shown that choosing the frame of the wake as the frame of reference allows for higher levels of filtering and damping than is possible in other frames for the same accuracy. Detailed testing also revealed serendipitously the existence of a singular time step at which the instability level is minimized, independently of numerical dispersion, thus indicating that the observed instability may not be due primarily to Numerical Cerenkov as has been conjectured. The techniques developed for Cerenkov mitigation prove nonetheless to be very efficient at controlling the instability. Using these techniques, agreement at the percentage level is demonstrated between simulations using different frames of reference, with speedups reaching two orders of magnitude for a 0.1 GeV class stages. The method then allows direct and efficient full-scale modeling of deeply depleted laser-plasma stages of 10 GeV-1 TeV for the first time, verifying the scaling of plasma accelerators to very high energies. Over 4, 5 and 6 orders of magnitude speedup is achieved for the modeling of 10 GeV, 100 GeV and 1 TeV class stages, respectively.
ScholeXplorer and OpenCitations as the new frontier of open citation indexing
Creators: name: Bardi, Alessia
name: La Bruzzo, Sandro
name: Manghi, Paolo
name: Peroni, Silvio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: open citations
open scholarly data
OpenCitations
OpenAIRE-Nexus
ScholeXplorer
scholarly links
Scholix

description: These are the slides presented during the related lightning talk at the Open Science Fair 2021, where we presented ScholeXplorer and OpenCitations, two of the services included in the MONITOR portfolio of the OpenAIRE-Nexus project, a recently-funded H2020 project which aims at bringing in the EOSC several services provided by public institutions, e-infrastructures, and companies to implement and accelerate Open Science.
Characterization of the potential role of myosin IIa in parkin translocation during mitopahgy
Creators: name: Panelli, Patrizio
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Mitochondria are important organelles of eukaryotic cells that provide energy through cellular respiration. Cells have evolved several quality control mechanisms to preserve functional mitochondria and avoid cell damage. Damaged mitochondria are recognized and removed by mitophagy to avoid the production of reactive oxygen species. A major signal for the recognition of damaged mitochondria is the electrical membrane potential depolarization, which leads to the recruitment of PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), followed by the recruitment of the E3 ubiquitin ligase parkin at the outer mitochondrial membrane. Parkin ubiquitinates numerous mitochondrial outer membrane proteins and initiates mitophagy. Mutations in the gene encoding parkin are frequently found in familiar forms of Parkinson’s disease. Although several factors involved in parkin mitochondrial recruitment have been characterized, additional proteins may be involved. The aim of this work was to determine whether other factors may be involved in colocalizing parkin to damaged mitochondria. Following up a SILAC-immunoprecipitation experiment, we hypothesized that an unconventional myosin (myosin IIa) may be involved in the recruitment of parkin to the mitochondria. Myosins are a large family of actin-based cytoskeletal motors that use energy derived from ATP hydrolysis to generate movement. Non-conventional myosins are well studied for their contribution to synaptic function in neuronal cells. MYH9 was identified as potential interactor of parkin by mass spectrometry. This interaction was validated through co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence experiments. In addition, myosin alteration with small chemicals that depolymerize actin filament or inhibit myosin activity, impaired parkin localization to mitochondria upon stress. This study potentially implicates myosin IIa as a modulator of parkin recruitment to the mitochondria, and may thus open the door to new therapeutic strategies for Parkinson’s disease.
A VLA search for 5 GHz radio transients and variables at low Galactic latitudes
Creators: name: Ofek, E. O.
name: Frail, D. A.
name: Breslauer, B.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Chandra, P.
name: Gal-Yam, A.
name: Kasliwal, M. M.
name: Gehrels, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a 5 GHz survey with the Very Large Array, designed to search for short-lived (<1 day) transients and to characterize the variability of radio sources at milli-Jansky levels. A total sky area of 2.66 deg^2, spread over 141 fields at low Galactic latitudes was observed 16 times with a cadence sampling timescales of days, months and years. Most of the data were searched for transients in near real time. Candidates were followed up using visible light telescopes (1-2 hr delays) and the X-Ray Telescope on board the Swift satellite. The final processing of the data revealed a single possible transient with a flux density of 2.4 mJy. This implies a transients, >1.8 mJy, sky surface density of 0.039 (-0.032/+0.13) deg^-2. This areal density is consistent with the sky surface density of transients from the Bower et al. survey extrapolated to 1.8 mJy. Our observed transient areal density is consistent with a Neutron Stars (NSs) origin for these events. Furthermore, we use the data to measure the sources variability on days to years time scales, and we present the variability structure function of 5 GHz sources. The mean structure function shows a fast increase on ~1 day time scale, followed by a slower increase on time scales of up to 10 days. On time scales between 10-60 days the structure function is roughly constant. We find that >30% of the unresolved sources brighter than 1.8 mJy are variable at the >4 sigma confidence level, presumably due mainly to refractive scintillation.
description: Submitted to ApJ, 19 pages, 8 figures
The enigmatic young brown dwarf binary FU Tau: accretion and activity
Creators: name: Stelzer, B.
name: Scholz, A.
name: Argiroffi, C.
name: Micela, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: FU Tau belongs to a rare class of young, wide brown dwarf binaries. We have resolved the system in a Chandra X-ray observation and detected only the primary, FU Tau A. Hard X-ray emission, presumably from a corona, is present but, unexpectedly, we detect also a strong and unusually soft component from FU Tau A. Its X-ray properties, so far unique among brown dwarfs, are very similar to those of the T Tauri star TW Hya. The analogy with TW Hya suggests that the dominating soft X-ray component can be explained by emission from accretion shocks. However, the typical free-fall velocities of a brown dwarf are too low for an interpretation of the observed X-ray temperature as post-shock region. On the other hand, velocities in excess of the free-fall speed are derived from archival optical spectroscopy, and independent pieces of evidence for strong accretion in FU Tau A are found in optical photometry. The high X-ray luminosity of FU Tau A coincides with a high bolometric luminosity confirming an unexplained trend among young brown dwarfs. In fact, FU Tau A is overluminous with respect to evolutionary models while FU Tau B is on the 1 Myr isochrone suggesting non-contemporaneous formation of the two components in the binary. The extreme youth of FU Tau A could be responsible for its peculiar X-ray properties, in terms of atypical magnetic activity or accretion. Alternatively, rotation and magnetic field effects may reduce the efficiency of convection which in turn affects the effective temperature and radius of FU Tau A shifting its position in the HR diagram. Although there is no direct prove of this latter scenario so far we present arguments for its plausibility.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 9 pages, 5 figures
title: Making the most of image-guided hepatobiliary biopsy
Creators: name: Sempere Campello, María Gemma
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Liver
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Biopsy
subject: Education and training
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To make an educational review of four image-guided hepatobiliary biopsy methods available at our institution. To detail the procedures, indications and contraindications, procedural planning, procedure performance and post-procedural patient care in...
Near constant loss dielectric response in 2Bi2O3-B2O3 glasses
Creators: name: Paramesh, G
name: Varma, K B R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrical conduction and relaxation phenomena in bismuth borate glasses in the composition 2Bi2O3-B2O3 (Bi4B2O9) were investigated. Dielectric studies carried out on these glasses revealed near constant loss (NCL) response in the 1 kHz to 1MHz frequency range at moderately high temperatures (300-450K) associated with relatively low loss (D=0.006) and high dielectric constant (εr'=37) at 1kHz,300K. The variation in AC conductivity with temperature at different frequencies showed a cross over from NCL response characterized by local ion vibration within the potential well to universal Joncher's power law dependence triggered by ion hopping between potential wells or cages. Thermal activation energy for single potential well was found to be 0.48 \pm 0.05eV from cross over points. Ionic conduction and relaxation processes were rationalized by modulus formalism. The promising dielectric properties (relatively high εr' and low D) of the present glasses were attributed to high density (93 % of its crystalline counterpart), high polarizability and low mobility associated with heavy metal cations, Bi3+.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Finite Entanglement Entropy in String Theory
Creators: name: Dabholkar, Atish
name: Moitra, Upamanyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the one-loop quantum entanglement entropy in ten-dimensional Type-II string theory using the orbifold method by analytically continuing in $N$ the genus-one partition function for string orbifolds on $\mathbb{R}^2/\mathbb{Z}_N$ conical spaces known for all odd integers $N > 1$. We show that the tachyonic contributions to the orbifold partition function can be appropriately summed and analytically continued to an expression that is finite in the physical region $0 < N \leq 1$ resulting in a finite and calculable answer for the entanglement entropy. We discuss the implications of the finiteness of the entanglement entropy for the information paradox, quantum gravity, and holography.
description: 6 pages; two-column format; v2: Minor comments added, published in Phys. Rev. D as a Letter
title: Imaging review of inner ear abnormalities
Creators: name: Rustagi , Vikash
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: CT
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Normal variants
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To know the precise anatomy of the inner ear.As a preoperative diagnosis of important surgical landmarks, surgically important anatomical variations and an entire spectrum of congenital/acquired...