cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tailoring Plasmonics of Au@Ag Nanoparticles by Silica Encapsulation
Creators: name: Schultz, Johannes
name: Kirner, Felizitas
name: Potapov, Pavel
name: Büchner, Bernd
name: Lubk, Axel
name: Sturm, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybrid metallic nanoparticles encapsulated in oxide shells are currently intensely studied for plasmonic applications in sensing, medicine, catalysis, and photovoltaics. Here, we introduce a method for the synthesis of Au@Ag@SiO$_2$ cubes with a uniform silica shell of variable and adjustable thickness in the nanometer range; and we demonstrate their excellent, highly reproducible, and tunable optical response. Varying the silica shell thickness, we could tune the excitation energies of the single nanoparticle plasmon modes in a broad spectral range between 2.55 and 3.25\,eV. Most importantly, we reveal a strong coherent coupling of the surface plasmons at the silver-silica interface with the whispering gallery resonance at the silica-vacuum interface leading to a significant field enhancement at the encapsulated nanoparticle surface in the range of 100\,\% at shell thicknesses $t\,$$\simeq\,$20\,nm. Consequently, the synthesis method and the field enhancement open pathways to a widespread use of silver nanoparticles in plasmonic applications including photonic crystals and may be transferred to other non-precious metals.
title: Ακεραιότητα ερυθροκυττάρων και κυστιδιοποίηση σε ασθενείς με ηπατική νόσο
title: Erythrocyte integrity and vesiculation in patients with liver disease
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Σιάνης, Ιωάννης-Ηρακλής
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ερυθροκύτταρα
Αιμόλυση
Ηπατική νόσος
Αλκοολική ηπατική νόσος
Κυστιδιοποίηση
Μικροκυστίδια

description: Εισαγωγή: Η εργασία αυτή μελετάει τις επιπτώσεις που έχει η ηπατική νόσος η οποία έχει προκύψει κυρίως από αλκοόλ, στην ακεραιότητα των ερυθροκυττάρων καθώς και στην κυστιδιοποιήση που πραγματοποιείται στα κύτταρα. Εξετάζει την αντοχή των ερυθροκυττάρων σε διάφορες μορφές πίεσης που μπορούν να τα λύσουν και μιλάει για τις αλλαγές που επιφέρει η ηπατική νόσος στα μικροκυστίδια του οργανισμού. Σκοπός: Μελέτη της ακεραιότητας των ερυθροκυττάρων και της κυστιδιοποιήσης σε ασθενείς με ηπατική νόσο. Μέθοδος: Έλεγχος, σε ασθενείς με ηπατική νόσο, της ακεραιότητας των ερυθροκυττάρων με μεθόδους αιμόλυσης, οσμωτικής ευθραυστότητας, οξειδωτικής ευθραυστότητας, μηχανικής ευθραυστότητας, κρυοαιμόλυσης και έλεγχος μη φυσιολογικών ερυθροκυτταρικών μορφών και μέση διάμετρο ερυθροκυττάρων με τη χρήση μικροσκοπίου. Αποτελέσματα: Παρατηρήθηκε 4% ± 3% αιμόλυση στους μάρτυρες και 13% ± 10% στους ασθενείς με ηπατοπάθεια με στατιστική σημασία p<0,05. Στην οσμωτική αιμόλυση, οι μάρτυρες εμφάνισαν 41% g/L NaCl για 50% αιμόλυση ± 2% g/L NaCl σε σύγκριση με τους ασθενείς με ηπατοπάθεια που έδειξαν 34% g/L NaCl για 50% αιμόλυση ± 2% g/L NaCl με στατιστική σημασία p<0,05. Στην μηχανική αιμόλυση, οι μάρτυρες εμφάνισαν 71% ± 14% αιμόλυση σε σύγκριση με τους ασθενείς με ηπατοπάθεια που εμφάνισαν 48% ± 8% με στατιστική τάση 0,05
Machine learning initialization to accelerate Stokes profile inversions
Creators: name: Gafeira, R.
name: Suárez, D. Orozco
name: Milic, I.
name: Noda, C. Quintero
name: Cobo, B. Ruiz
name: Uitenbroek, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we discuss the application of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) as a tool to advantageously initialize Stokes profile inversions. To demonstrate the usefulness of CNNs, we concentrate in this paper on the inversion of LTE Stokes profiles. We use observations taken with the spectropolarimeter onboard the Hinode spacecraft as a test benchmark. First, we carefully analyze the data with the SIR inversion code using a given initial atmospheric model. The code provides a set of atmospheric models that reproduce the observations. These models are then used to train a CNN. Afterwards, the same data are again inverted with SIR but using the trained CNN to provide the initial guess atmospheric models for SIR. The CNNs allow us to significantly reduce the number of inversion cycles when used to compute initial guess model atmospheres, decreasing the computational time for LTE inversions by a factor of two to four. CNN's alone are much faster than assisted inversions, but the latter are more robust and accurate. The advantages and limitations of machine learning techniques for estimating optimum initial atmospheric models for spectral line inversions are discussed. Finally, we describe a python wrapper for the SIR and DeSIRe codes that allows for the easy setup of parallel inversions. The assisted inversions can speed up the inversion process, but the efficiency and accuracy of the inversion results depend strongly on the solar scene and the data used for the CNN training. This method (assisted inversions) will not obviate the need for analyzing individual events with the utmost care but will provide solar scientists with a much better opportunity to sample large amounts of inverted data, which will undoubtedly broaden the physical discovery space.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication on Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Time Averaged Quantum Stress Tensor Fluctuations
Creators: name: Wu, Peter
name: Ford, L. H.
name: Schiappacasse, Enrico D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend previous work on the numerical diagonalization of quantum stress tensor operators in the Minkowski vacuum state, which considered operators averaged in a finite time interval, to operators averaged in a finite spacetime region. Since real experiments occur over finite volumes and durations, physically meaningful fluctuations may be obtained from stress tensor operators averaged by compactly supported sampling functions in space and time. The direct diagonalization, via a Bogoliubov transformation, gives the eigenvalues and the probabilities of measuring those eigenvalues in the vacuum state, from which the underlying probability distribution can be constructed. For the normal-ordered square of the time derivative of a massless scalar field in a spherical cavity with finite degrees of freedom, analysis of the tails of these distributions confirms previous results based on the analytical treatment of the high moments. We find that the probability of large vacuum fluctuations is reduced when spatial averaging is included, but the tail still decreases more slowly than exponentially as the magnitude of the measured eigenvalues increases, suggesting vacuum fluctuations may not always be subdominant to thermal fluctuations and opening up the possibility of experimental observation under the right conditions.
description: 32 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. V2: updated to version published in Physical Review D
MOESM1 of Comparison of sequential, delayed and simultaneous resection strategies for synchronous colorectal liver metastases
Creators: name: Wang, Li-Jun
name: Wang, Hong-Wei
name: Jin, Ke-Min
name: Li, Juan
name: Xing, Bao-Cai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Details of postoperative complications in the three groups.
The canonical formulation of E$_{6(6)}$ exceptional field theory
Creators: name: Kreutzer, Lars T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the canonical formulation of the (bosonic) E$_{6(6)}$ exceptional field theory. The explicit non-integral (not manifestly gauge invariant) topological term of E$_{6(6)}$ exceptional field theory is constructed and we consider the canonical formulation of a model theory based on the topological two-form kinetic term. Furthermore we construct the canonical momenta and the canonical Hamiltonian of the full bosonic E$_{6(6)}$ exceptional field theory. Most of the canonical gauge transformations and some parts of the canonical constraint algebra are calculated. Moreover we discuss how to translate the results canonically into the generalised vielbein formulation. We comment on the possible existence of generalised Ashtekar variables.
description: 78 pages, Version 2: Updated reference formatting
Some chemistry of organometallic nitrosyl complexes of Cr, Mo and W
Creators: name: Chin, Teen Teen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: While cationic nitrosyl complexes containing the "Cp’M(NO)₂" (Cp' =η⁵-C₅H₅ (Cp) or η⁵-C₅Me₅ (Cp*) ; M = Cr, Mo and W) fragment are well-known, cationic nitrosyl complexes containing the "Cp'M(NO)" fragment are rarely encountered. The preparation of a series of cationic nitrosyl complexes containing the latter fragment resulting from the treatment of [Cp'M(NO)X[sub m]][sub n] (M= Mo or W; X = I, Br or CI; m = 2; n = 1 or 2; M = Cr; X = I; m = 1; n = 2) with nitrosonium, [NO]⁺, or silver(I), [Ag] ⁺, salts in CH₃CN is described. Treatment of the Mo and W dihalo nitrosyl complexes, [Cp'M(NO)X₂]n, with one equivalent of [NO]⁺ or [Ag]⁺ salts in CH₃CN affords the diamagnetic monocations [Cp'M(NO)X(NCCH₃)₂]⁺ . In a special case, the treatment of Cp*Mo(NO)I₂ with one equivalent of [NO] ⁺ in CH₃CN affords the unprecedented dication [Cp*Mo(NO)(NCCH₃)₃]²⁺. These diamagnetic cations have been characterized by their elemental analyses, IR and NMR data and single-crystal X-ray structural determinations of [CpMo(NO)Cl(NCCH₃)₂][BF₄] and [Cp*Mo(NO)(NCCH₃)₃][PF₆]₂. Extension of this chemistry to [CpCr(NO)I]₂ results in the isolation of a new paramagnetic cationic complex, [CpCr(NO)(NCCH₃)₂][PF₆]. The chromium complex (also isolated as its BPh₄- salt) is characterized by its elemental analysis, IR and ESR data as well as a single crystal X-ray structure determination. Upon treatment of [CpCr(NO)(NCCH₃)₂][PF₆] with -NaOMe, the bimetallic [CpCr(NO)(OMe)]₂ complex is obtained. The synthesis and characterization of the dinitrosyl dimers [Cp*M(NO)₂]₂ (M = Cr, Mo) is described. They are prepared in moderate yields by the reduction of Cp*M(NO)₂Cl (M = Cr, Mo) with zinc amalgam in THF. The molybdenum dimer [Cp*Mo(NO)₂]₂> reacts with SnCl₂ to form the chloro complex, Cp*Mo(NO)₂Cl.
Solution reactions of HX molecules (X = SH, Cl, Br) with dinuclear palladium(I) complexes containing bis(diphenylphosphino)methane
Creators: name: Barnabas, Freddy A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis describes kinetic and spectroscopic studies on the reaction between Pd₂X₂(dpm)₂, 1 (X = CI, a; Br, b; I, c; dpm = bis(diphenylphosph-ino)methane) and HX molecules (X = SH, CI, Br) in solution. The reaction of 1 with hydrogen sulfide leads to the formation of the corresponding μ-sulfide, 2, and H₂ gas. Kinetic studies carried out in CH₂CI₂ solutions over the temperature range 0 - 35°C reveal a first order dependence on both palladium dimer and hydrogen sulfide concentrations. The value of the bimolecular rate constant, k₂, is 1.71 x 10⁻³ M⁻¹ s⁻¹ at 25°C, and the activation parameters for the reaction are ΔH[sup =++] = 55 ± 5 kJ mole⁻¹ and ΔS[sup =++] = -115 ± 10 J K⁻¹ mole⁻¹. Low temperature ¹H and ³¹P{¹H} nmr spectroscopic investigations complement the kinetic studies, and show that the reaction proceeds via the formation of a hydride intermediate. The observations indicate that the reaction proceeds through oxidative-addition of H₂S across the metal-metal bond and the data are discussed in terms of the following reactions: [See Thesis for Diagrams]. There is no direct evidence for the first reaction listed, however. The analogous reactions between 1 and HX (X = CI, Br) were studied with UV-visible,¹H and ³¹P{¹H} nmr spectroscopy. The reaction between HCl and la in CH₂Cl₂ results in the 'direct' formation of Pd(II) monomer, PdCl₂(dpm), with no intermediates being seen. The corresponding reaction between the bromide, 1b and HBr, however, is seen to take place in several steps. Reaction with one mole of HBr results in the formation of a hydride intermediate; this then reacts with a second mole of HBr to form H₂ gas and a tetrabromo complex, Pd₂Br₄(dpm)₂, which subsequently fragments slowly to the Pd(II) monomer, PdBr₂(dpm). All the intermediate species involved in the bromide/HBr reaction were detected by UV-visible and low temperature ¹H and ³¹P{¹H} nmr spectroscopy. An effective way of abstracting the bound μ-sulfide ligand in order to regenerate the palladium dimer, 1, has been demonstrated using reactions with dpm and with diphenyl; the abstraction by dpm results in formation of dpmS, the monosulfide of dpm, as the only sulfur-containing product. A new and as yet incompletely characterized system that catalytically desulfurizes H₂S was generated by having excess dpm present in the reaction between 1b and H₂S. This catalytic system tranfers sulfur from H₂S to the bisphosphine dpm to form dpmS along with some uncharacterized palladium compounds.
Identification of materials with strong magneto-structural coupling using computational high-throughput screening
Creators: name: Casillas-Trujillo, Luis
name: Armiento, Rickard
name: Alling, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Important phenomena such as magnetostriction, magnetocaloric, and magnetoelectric effects arise from, or could be enhanced by, the coupling of magnetic and structural degrees of freedom. The coupling of spin and lattice also influence transport and structural properties in magnetic materials in particular around phase transitions. In this paper we propose a method for screening materials for a strong magneto-structural coupling by assessing the effect of the local magnetic configuration on the atomic forces using density functional theory (DFT). We have employed the disordered local moment approach in a supercell formulation to probe different magnetic local configurations and their forces and performed a high-throughput search on binary and ternary compounds available in the Crystallographic Open Database. We identify a list of materials with a strong spin-lattice coupling out of which several are already known to display magneto-lattice coupling-phenomena like Fe3O4 and CrN. Others, such as Mn2CrO4 and CaFe7O11 have been less studied and are yet to reveal their potentials in experiments and applications.
Novel Generic Models for Differentiating Stem Cells Reveal Oscillatory Mechanisms
Creators: name: Farjami, Saeed
name: Sosa, Karen Camargo
name: Dawes, Jonathan H. P.
name: Kelsh, Robert N.
name: Rocco, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Understanding cell fate selection remains a central challenge in developmental biology. We present a class of simple yet biologically-motivated mathematical models for cell differentiation that generically generate oscillations and hence suggest alternatives to the standard framework based on Waddington's epigenetic landscape. The models allow us to suggest two generic dynamical scenarios that describe the differentiation process. In the first scenario gradual variation of a single control parameter is responsible for both entering and exiting the oscillatory regime. In the second scenario two control parameters vary: one responsible for entering, and the other for exiting the oscillatory regime. We analyse the standard repressilator and four variants of it and show the dynamical behaviours associated with each scenario. We present a thorough analysis of the associated bifurcations and argue that gene regulatory networks with these repressilator-like characteristics are promising candidates to describe cell fate selection through an oscillatory process.
Additional file 2 of Predictors and changes of physical activity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Creators: name: Badenes-Bonet, Diana
name: Rodó-Pin, Anna
name: Castillo-Villegas, Diego
name: Vicens-Zygmunt, Vanesa
name: Bermudo, Guadalupe
name: Hernández-González, Fernanda
name: Portillo, Karina
name: Martínez-Llorens, Juana
name: Chalela, Roberto
name: Caguana, Oswaldo
name: Sellarés, Jacobo
name: Molina-Molina, Maria
name: Duran, Xavier
name: Gea, Joaquim
name: Rodríguez-Chiaradia, Diego Agustín
name: Balcells, Eva
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Longitudinal changes in lung function, exercise capacity, muscle strength, body mass and composition, dyspnoea, quality of life and psychological factors in IPF patients (n=22).
Additional file 3 of Predictors and changes of physical activity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Creators: name: Badenes-Bonet, Diana
name: Rodó-Pin, Anna
name: Castillo-Villegas, Diego
name: Vicens-Zygmunt, Vanesa
name: Bermudo, Guadalupe
name: Hernández-González, Fernanda
name: Portillo, Karina
name: Martínez-Llorens, Juana
name: Chalela, Roberto
name: Caguana, Oswaldo
name: Sellarés, Jacobo
name: Molina-Molina, Maria
name: Duran, Xavier
name: Gea, Joaquim
name: Rodríguez-Chiaradia, Diego Agustín
name: Balcells, Eva
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. General characteristics at baseline of subjects that completed follow-up by progression-free survival** at 24 months (n=22).
Additional file 1 of Predictors and changes of physical activity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Creators: name: Badenes-Bonet, Diana
name: Rodó-Pin, Anna
name: Castillo-Villegas, Diego
name: Vicens-Zygmunt, Vanesa
name: Bermudo, Guadalupe
name: Hernández-González, Fernanda
name: Portillo, Karina
name: Martínez-Llorens, Juana
name: Chalela, Roberto
name: Caguana, Oswaldo
name: Sellarés, Jacobo
name: Molina-Molina, Maria
name: Duran, Xavier
name: Gea, Joaquim
name: Rodríguez-Chiaradia, Diego Agustín
name: Balcells, Eva
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. General characteristics of subjects that completed and not completed follow-up.
Four sesquiterpenes isolated from Taraxacum mongolicum
Creators: name: Liu, Jian-Bo
name: Xie, Jun
name: Wang, Hong-Qing
name: Lai, Sheng-Tian
name: Shao, Hong-Jie
name: Chen, Ruo-Yun
name: Kang, Jie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: One new sesquiterpene, (6S,7R,11S)-13-carboxy-1(10)-en-dihydroartemisinic acid (1), together with three known sesquiterpenes, ainsliaea acid B (2), mongolicumin B (3), and 11β,13-dihydroxydeacetylmatricarin (4) were isolated from Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz. The structures were established on the basis of UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, ECD spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Compound 1 was found to have potential anti-inflammatory activity and could reduce LPS-induced NO levels in murine macrophage, with inhibitory rate of 37%.
EPAT: A MATLAB Toolbox for EEG/ERP Data Processing and Analysis
Creators: name: Shi, Jianwei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This supplementary document includes Supplementary File 1: EPAT Toolkit, which reviewers are free to download or use. Supplementary File 2: EPAT usage demonstration video, video explanation, and test data. Supplementary File 3: A 50-page EPAT user manual and main code.
EPAT: A MATLAB Toolbox for EEG/ERP Data Processing and Analysis
Creators: name: Shi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This supplementary document includes Supplementary File 1: EPAT Toolkit, which reviewers are free to download or use. Supplementary File 2: EPAT usage demonstration video, video explanation, and test data. Supplementary File 3: A 50-page EPAT user manual and main code.
Additional file 1 of A recombinant Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4 strain expressing the streptococcal superoxide dismutase gene ameliorates inflammatory bowel disease
Creators: name: Kang, Sini
name: Lin, Zhaoyan
name: Xu, Yang
name: Park, Minju
name: Ji, Geun Eog
name: Johnston, Tony V.
name: Ku, Seockmo
name: Park, Myeong Soo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Real-timepolymerase chain reaction (PCR) primer sequences.
Small hive beetle invasion in Europe and Italy
Creators: name: Mutinelli Franco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Aethina tumida
Apiculture

description: Presentation at the Congress on Aethina tumida, organized by the University of Teramo, in collaboration with IZSAM, Scientific Veterinary Society of Apiculture and Region Abruzzo, held in Teramo on the 22th of May 2019
The high resolution spectroscopy of manganese oxide
Creators: name: Chandrakumar, Thambirajah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis reports studies of the electronic spectrum of gaseous MnO. The (0,0) band of the A⁶Σ +-X⁶ Σ+ electronic transition of MnO was recorded by intermodulated laser-induced fluorescence over the range 17770 - 17970 cm⁻¹. The hyperfine structure caused by the ⁵⁵Mn nucleus (I = 5/2) is almost completely resolved. Internal hyperfine perturbations between the F₃ and F₄electron spin components (where N = J - 1/2 and N = J + 1/2, respectively) occur in the ground state of MnO. These are caused by hyperfine matrix elements of the type ΔN = ΔF = 0.ΔJ = ± 1. Extra lines obeying the selection rules ΔJ = 0, ± 2 are also induced. Therefore, [sup P]Q₃₄, [sup R]Q₄₃, [sup P]Q₄₃ and [sup R]S₃₄ branches appear in the spectrum although they are not allowed in parallel transitions. The reason for the great complexity of the spectra is the occurrence of a large avoided crossing near N = 26 in the A⁶Σ + v = 0 level by another electronic state, B⁶Σ +, with the same multiplicity and symmetry. The perturbation between the A⁶Σ + and B⁶Σ + states arises from electrostatic interaction. The selection rules for electrostatic perturbations are ΔJ = ΔS = Δ∧ = ΔΩ = 0. The perturbing state B⁶Σ + state has a considerably longer bond length so that it must come from a "charge transfer transition", possibly by electron transfer either from the 3π to the 4π orbital or from 8σ to 10σ. However, the A⁶Σ + state has only a small bond length change compared to the ground state so that it comes from a "Valence state transition". The Fermi contact constant b was found to be negative for the A⁶Σ + state and this confirms the electronic configuration as being (8σ² 3 π⁴) 1δ² 4 π ² 10σ¹. The ground state is free of perturbations, except for the internal hyperfine perturbations, and is in nearly pure case (b) coupling. Various satellite branches which were observed in the B-X transition confirm the case (a) nature of the B⁶Σ + state at low N. The spacing between the main branches and the satellite branches gives values for the spin-spin parameter λ and the spin-rotation parameter γ of the ground state.
The Association between Frailty and Uncorrected Refractive Error in Older Adults
Creators: name: Lee, Moon Jeong
name: Varadaraj, Varshini
name: Tian, Jing
name: Bandeen-Roche, Karen
name: Swenor, Bonnielin K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Purpose: Uncorrected refractive error (URE) is the leading cause of impaired vision in older adults and has been associated with adverse health outcomes. Here, we investigate the association between URE and frailty in older adults. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants ≥60 years (1999–2006 cycles). URE was defined as visual acuity worse than 6/12 that can be improved with correction, and prefrailty and frailty were defined as meeting 1–2 and ≥3 of 4 components of a modified physical frailty phenotype. The 5-item phenotype (including slowness) was analyzed in a subset of participants with available data. Propensity score adjustment was used to address the imbalance of potential confounders (including age) between URE groups. Results: In this sample (n = 5,265), 6% of participants had URE (n = 373). In fully adjusted propensity score-based models, individuals with URE were more likely to be prefrail (OR = 1.4; 95% CI: 1.0–2.0) and frail (OR = 3.2; 95% CI: 1.3–7.4) than those without URE using the 4-item phenotype. For the 2,486 participants with 5-item phenotype data, individuals with URE were more likely to be frail (OR = 3.0; 95% CI: 1.2–7.5); however, the association with prefrailty was not statistically significant (OR = 1.8; 95% CI: 0.9–3.6). Conclusion: In this population-based sample, older adults with URE were more likely to be frail than those without URE, even after rigorous control for confounders, including age.
Optimal non-Markovian search strategies with n-step memory
Creators: name: Meyer, Hugues
name: Rieger, Heiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stochastic search processes are ubiquitous in nature and are expected to become more efficient when equipped with a memory, where the searcher has been before. A natural realization of a search process with long-lasting memory is a migrating cell that is repelled from the diffusive chemotactic signal that it secrets on its way, denoted as auto-chemotactic searcher. To analyze the efficiency of this class of non-Markovian search processes we present a general formalism that allows to compute the mean first passage time (MFPT) for a given set of conditional transition probabilities for non-Markovian random walks on a lattice. We show that the optimal choice of the $n$-step transition probabilities decreases the MFPT systematically and substantially with an increasing number of steps. It turns out that the optimal search strategies can be reduced to simple cycles defined by a small parameter set and that mirror-asymmetric walks are more efficient. For the auto-chemotactic searcher we show that an optimal coupling between the searcher and the chemical reduces the MFPT to 1/3 of the one for a Markovian random walk.
Theory for ultrafast nonequilibrium dynamics in d-wave superconductors
Creators: name: Unterhinninghofen, J.
name: Manske, D.
name: Knorr, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use density-matrix theory to calculate the ultrafast dynamics of unconventional superconductors from a microscopic viewpoint. We calculate the time evolution of the optical conductivity as well as pump-probe spectra for a d-wave order parameter. Three regimes can be distinguished in the spectra. The Drude response at low photon energies is the only one of those which has been measured experimentally so far. At higher energies, we predict two more regimes: the pair-breaking peak, which is reduced as Cooper-pairs are broken up by the exciting pulse; and a suppression above the pair-breaking peak due to nonequilibrium quasiparticles. Furthermore, we consider the influence of the electron-phonon coupling, and derive rate equations which have been widely used so far.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Effective temperature vs line-depth ratio for ELODIE spectra. Gravity and rotational velocity effects
Creators: name: Biazzo, K.
name: Frasca, A.
name: Catalano, S.
name: Marilli, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dependence on the temperature of photospheric line-depth ratios (LDRs) in the spectral range 6190-6280 A is investigated by using a sample of 174 ELODIE Archive stellar spectra of luminosity class from V to III. The rotational broadening effect on LDRs is also studied. We provide useful calibrations of effective temperature versus LDRs for giant and main sequence stars with 3800
description: 10 pages, 12 figures, Accepted by AN
Die italienischen Militärinternierten im deutschen Machtbereich 1943-1945
Creators: name: Hammermann, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: This is the contribution "Die italienischen Militärinternierten im deutschen Machtbereich 1943-1945" of MTS 21 (1998).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 21 (1998): Sozialgeschichte und soziale Bewegungen in Italien 1848-1998: Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Efficiency of communities and financial markets during the 2020 pandemic
Creators: name: James, Nick
name: Menzies, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This paper investigates the relationship between the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the state of community activity, and the financial index performance across 20 countries. First, we analyze which countries behaved similarly in 2020 with respect to one of three multivariate time series: daily COVID-19 cases, Apple mobility data and national equity index price. Next, we study the trajectories of all three of these attributes in conjunction to determine which exhibited greater similarity. Finally, we investigate whether country financial indices or mobility data responded quicker to surges in COVID-19 cases. Our results indicate that mobility data and national financial indices exhibited the most similarity in their trajectories, with financial indices responding quicker. This suggests that financial market participants may have interpreted and responded to COVID-19 data more efficiently than governments. Further, results imply that efforts to study community mobility data as a leading indicator for financial market performance during the pandemic were misguided.
description: Substantial edits and new experiments since v1. Equal contribution
Rapidly Rotating Bose-Einstein Condensates in Homogeneous Traps
Creators: name: Correggi, M.
name: Rindler-Daller, T.
name: Yngvason, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q55; 47J30; 76M23

description: We extend the results of a previous paper on the Gross-Pitaevskii description of rotating Bose-Einstein condensates in two-dimensional traps to confining potentials of the form V(r) = r^s, $2
description: LaTex2e, 16 pages
Chaos and Symmetry in String Cosmology
Creators: name: Damour, Thibault
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the recently discovered interplay between chaos and symmetry in the general inhomogeneous solution of many string-related Einstein-matter systems in the vicinity of a cosmological singularity. The Belinsky-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz-type chaotic behaviour is found, for many Einstein-matter models (notably those related to the low-energy limit of superstring theory and M-theory), to be connected with certain (infinite-dimensional) hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebras. In particular, the billiard chambers describing the asymptotic cosmological behaviour of pure Einstein gravity in spacetime dimension d+1, or the metric-three-form system of 11-dimensional supergravity, are found to be identical to the Weyl chambers of the Lorentzian Kac-Moody algebras AE_d, or E_{10}, respectively. This suggests that these Kac-Moody algebras are hidden symmetries of the corresponding models. There even exists some evidence of a hidden equivalence between the general solution of the Einstein-three-form system and a null geodesic in the infinite dimensional coset space E_{10} / K(E_{10}), where K(E_{10}) is the maximal compact subgroup of E_{10}.
description: 14 pages, one diagram; invited talk at the 11th Marcel Grossmann Meeting on Recent Developments in General Relativity, Berlin, Germany, 23-29 July 2006
Der ambivalente Modellfall: Südtirol 1918-1998
Creators: name: Heiss, Hans
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: This is the contribution "Der ambivalente Modellfall: Südtirol 1918-1998" of MTS 21 (1998).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 21 (1998): Sozialgeschichte und soziale Bewegungen in Italien 1848-1998: Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Cell-to-Cell stochastic fluctuations in apoptotic signaling can decide between life and death
Creators: name: Raychaudhuri, S.
name: Willgohs, E.
name: Nguyen, T.
name: Khan, E. M.
name: Goldkorn, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Apoptosis, or genetically programmed cell death, is a crucial cellular process that maintains the balance between life and death in cells. The precise molecular mechanism of apoptosis signaling and how these two pathways are differentially activated under distinct apoptotic stimuli is poorly understood. We developed a Monte Carlo-based stochastic simulation model that can characterize distinct signaling behaviors in the two major pathways of apoptotic signaling using a novel probability distribution-based approach. Specifically, we show that for a weak death signal, such as low levels of death ligand Fas (CD95) binding or under stress conditions, the type 2 mitochondrial pathway dominates apoptotic signaling. Our results also show signaling in the type 2 pathway is stochastic, where the population average over many cells does not capture the cell-to-cell fluctuations in the time course (~1 - 10 hours) of downstream caspase-3 activation. On the contrary, the probability distribution of caspase-3 activation for the mitochondrial pathway shows a distinct bimodal behavior that can be used to characterize the stochastic signaling in type 2 apoptosis. Interestingly, such stochastic fluctuations in apoptosis signaling happen even in the presence of large numbers of signaling molecules. In a fluctuating environment, such stochasticity in the timecourse of caspase-3 activation may be an adaptive mechanism for allowing a competing survival signal to win over a weak death trigger before the critical cell fate decision is made and thus minimizes the risk of pathologies.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Telltale signs of metal recycling in the circumgalactic medium of a $z \sim 0.77$ galaxy
Creators: name: Tejos, N.
name: López, S.
name: Ledoux, C.
name: Fernández-Figueroa, A.
name: Rivas, N.
name: Sharon, K.
name: Johnston, E. J.
name: Florian, M. K.
name: D'Ago, G.
name: Katsianis, A.
name: Barrientos, F.
name: Berg, T.
name: Corro-Guerra, F.
name: Hamel, M.
name: Moya-Sierralta, C.
name: Poudel, S.
name: Rigby, J. R.
name: Solimano, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present gravitational-arc tomography of the cool-warm enriched circumgalactic medium (CGM) of an isolated galaxy (``G1'') at $z \approx 0.77$. Combining VLT/MUSE adaptive-optics and Magellan/MagE echelle spectroscopy we obtain partially-resolved kinematics of MgII in absorption and [OII] in emission. The unique arc configuration allows us to probe 42 spatially independent arc positions transverse to G1, plus 4 positions in front of it. The transverse positions cover G1's minor and major axes at impact parameters of $\approx 10-30$ kpc and $\approx 60$ kpc, respectively. We observe a direct kinematic connection between the cool-warm enriched CGM (traced by MgII) and the interstellar medium (traced by [OII]). This provides strong evidence for the existence of an extended disc that co-rotates with the galaxy out to tens of kiloparsecs. The MgII velocity dispersion ($σ\approx 30-100$ km s$^{-1}$, depending on position) is of the same order as the modeled galaxy rotational velocity ($v_{\rm rot} \approx 80$ km s$^{-1}$), providing evidence for the presence of a turbulent and pressure-supported CGM component. We regard the absorption to be modulated by a galactic-scale outflow, as it offers a natural scenario for the observed line-of-sight dispersion and asymmetric profiles observed against both the arcs and the galaxy. An extended enriched co-rotating disc together with the signatures of a galactic outflow, are telltale signs of metal recycling in the $z\sim 1$ CGM.
description: MNRAS accepted. Moderate changes after addressing referee feedback, including a correction in the systemic redshift; all qualitative results and conclusions remain the same
Responsabilidad extracontractual del Estado colombiano por uso de armas de fuego en el marco del control de convencionalidad
Creators: name: Córdoba Andrade, Donaldo
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Responsabilidad extracontractual - Legislación
subject: Responsabilidad civil - Legislación
subject: Estado - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Responsabilidad estatal
subject: Estado
subject: Armas de fuego
subject: Imputación normativa
subject: Control de convencionalidad

description: Para estudiar la responsabilidad extracontractual del Estado por uso de armas de fuego a cargo de agentes del Estado colombiano, se identifica un régimen dañoso que, desde la teoría del riesgo, tiende a lo objetivo, sin embargo, en la práctica, elementos como la carga de la prueba, e incluso los eximentes de responsabilidad permiten en gran medida que los daños causados por el uso estatal de armas de fuego, no sean resarcidos. Como teoría alterna de imputación, se propone que, en el marco del derecho internacional y del control de convencionalidad, pueda aplicarse el deber de respeto por los protocolos internacionales de uso de armas de fuego, de tal manera que se haga un tránsito, de la responsabilidad por riesgo, a una de imputación normativa
description: The statal responsibility by Colombian state agents for the use of firearms is like a objective regime inspired in the risk; however, in practice, elements like the evidences, and the exemptions from liability, largely that the damages caused are not compensated. The proposed, it´s build another complementary regimen within the framework of international law and conventionality control, the international protocols for the use of firearms will be applied, in such a way that a transition, from the objective liability or from the theory of created risk, to one of normative imputation
Radio Emission from the Intermediate-mass Black Hole in the Globular Cluster G1
Creators: name: Ulvestad, James S.
name: Greene, Jenny E.
name: Ho, Luis C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the Very Large Array (VLA) to search for radio emission from the globular cluster G1 (Mayall-II) in M31. G1 has been reported by Gebhardt et al. to contain an intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) with a mass of ~2 x 10^4 solar masses. Radio emission was detected within an arcsecond of the cluster center with an 8.4 GHz power of 2 x 10^{15} W/Hz. The radio/X-ray ratio of G1 is a few hundred times higher than that expected for a high-mass X-ray binary in the cluster center, but is consistent with the expected value for accretion onto an IMBH with the reported mass. A pulsar wind nebula is also a possible candidate for the radio and X-ray emission from G1; future high-sensitivity VLBI observations might distinguish between this possibility and an IMBH. If the radio source is an IMBH, and similar accretion and outflow processes occur for hypothesized ~ 1000-solar-mass black holes in Milky Way globular clusters, they are within reach of the current VLA and should be detectable easily by the Expanded VLA when it comes on line in 2010.
description: ApJ Letters, accepted, 11 pages, 1 figure
MILIOM: Tightly Coupled Multi-Input Lidar-Inertia Odometry and Mapping
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thien-Minh
name: Yuan, Shenghai
name: Cao, Muqing
name: Lyu, Yang
name: Nguyen, Thien Hoang
name: Xie, Lihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this letter we investigate a tightly coupled Lidar-Inertia Odometry and Mapping (LIOM) scheme, with the capability to incorporate multiple lidars with complementary field of view (FOV). In essence, we devise a time-synchronized scheme to combine extracted features from separate lidars into a single pointcloud, which is then used to construct a local map and compute the feature-map matching (FMM) coefficients. These coefficients, along with the IMU preinteration observations, are then used to construct a factor graph that will be optimized to produce an estimate of the sliding window trajectory. We also propose a key frame-based map management strategy to marginalize certain poses and pointclouds in the sliding window to grow a global map, which is used to assemble the local map in the later stage. The use of multiple lidars with complementary FOV and the global map ensures that our estimate has low drift and can sustain good localization in situations where single lidar use gives poor result, or even fails to work. Multi-thread computation implementations are also adopted to fractionally cut down the computation time and ensure real-time performance. We demonstrate the efficacy of our system via a series of experiments on public datasets collected from an aerial vehicle.
description: Accepted for IEEE RAL and IROS 2021
Landarbeiter und Bauern im faschistischen Italien
Creators: name: Nützenadel, Alexander
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: This is the contribution "Landarbeiter und Bauern im faschistischen Italien" of MTS 21 (1998).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 21 (1998): Sozialgeschichte und soziale Bewegungen in Italien 1848-1998: Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Switched Control of Electron Nuclear Spin Systems
Creators: name: Khaneja, Navin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we study control of electron-nuclear spin dynamics at magnetic field strengths where the Larmor frequency of the nucleus is comparable to the hyperfine coupling strength. The quantization axis for the nuclear spin differs from the static B_0 field direction and depends on the state of the electron spin. The quantization axis can be switched by flipping the state of electron spin, allowing for universal control on nuclear spin states. We show that by performing a sequence of flips (each followed by a suitable delay), we can perform any desired rotation on the nuclear spins, which can also be conditioned on the state of the electron spin. These operations, combined with electron spin rotations can be used to synthesize any unitary transformation on the coupled electron-nuclear spin system. We discuss how these methods can be used for design of experiments for transfer of polarization from the electron to the nuclear spins.
HI-to-H$_2$ Transitions in Dust-Free Interstellar Gas
Creators: name: Sternberg, Amiel
name: Gurman, Alon
name: Bialy, Shmuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical computations and analysis of atomic to molecular (HI-to-H$_2$) transitions in cool ($\sim$100 K) low-metallicity dust-free (primordial) gas, in which molecule formation occurs via cosmic-ray driven negative ion chemistry, and removal is by a combination of far-UV photodissociation and cosmic-ray ionization and dissociation. For any gas temperature, the behavior depends on the ratio of the Lyman-Werner (LW) band FUV intensity to gas density, $I_{\rm LW}/n$, and the ratio of the cosmic-ray ionization rate to the gas density, $ζ/n$. We present sets of HI-to-H$_2$ abundance profiles for a wide range of $ζ/n$ and $I_{\rm LW}/n$, for dust-free gas. We determine the conditions for which H$_2$ absorption line self-shielding in optically thick clouds enables a transition from atomic to molecular form for ionization-driven chemistry. We also examine the effects of cosmic-ray energy losses on the atomic and molecular density profiles and transition points. For a unit Galactic interstellar FUV field intensity ($I_{\rm LW}=1$) with LW flux $2.07\times 10^7$ photons cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$, and a uniform cosmic-ray ionization rate $ζ=10^{-16}$ s$^{-1}$, an HI-to-H$_2$ transition occurs at a total hydrogen gas column density of $4\times 10^{21}$ cm$^{-2}$, within $3\times 10^7$ yr, for a gas volume density of $n=10^6$ cm$^{-3}$ at 100 K. For these parameters, the dust-free limit obtains for a dust-to-gas ratio Z$^\prime_d \lesssim 10^{-5}$, which may be reached for overall metallicities $Z^\prime\lesssim 0.01$ relative to Galactic solar values.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ