cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Assessing the effectiveness of passive cooling design strategies to reduce overheating in epilepsy care homes in the UK
Creators: name: Kakuturu, Siva Sai Varsha
name: Upton, Zoe
name: Clayton, Lisa
name: Sisodiya, Sanjay
name: Mavrogianni, Anna
Publisher: name: University of Southampton
Year: 2022
Subjects: overheating, Epilepsy, care homes, passive design strategies, Dynamic Thermal Modelling

description: Under a changing climate, indoor overheating in care settings is becoming a growing problem. In epilepsy care facilities, there has been evidence that high temperatures may increase seizure activity. This study evaluates the risks of overheating in care settings for epilepsy in the UK for present and future climate change scenarios and examines the impact of passive cooling strategies to mitigate overheating. Indoor overheating assessment was carried out using dynamic thermal modelling software. In the current climate scenario, the most efficient combination strategies for reducing overheating were night ventilation, shading, and high albedo surfaces. Under future climate change scenarios of 2050s and 2080s, passive cooling techniques did not fully eliminate the risks of overheating in bedrooms at night-time. The findings of this study can be useful for the design of care settings under climate change and can inform heat management guidance for public health professionals and care home managers.
Potential denitrification stimulated by water-soluble organic carbon from plant residues during initial decomposition
Creators: name: Surey, Ronny
name: Schimpf, Corinna M.
name: Sauheitl, Leopold
name: Mueller, Carsten W.
name: Rummel, Pauline S.
name: Dittert, Klaus
name: Kaiser, Klaus
name: Böttcher, Jürgen
name: Mikutta, Robert
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical composition of organic matter
subject: Crop residues
subject: Denitrification potential
subject: N2O/(N2O+N2) ratio
subject: Root exudates
subject: Water-extractable organic carbon
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Denitrification usually takes place under anoxic conditions and over short periods of time, and depends on readily available nitrate and carbon sources. Variations in CO2 and N2O emissions associated with plant residues have mainly been explained by differences in their decomposability. A factor rarely considered so far is water-extractable organic matter (WEOM) released to the soil during residue decomposition. Here, we examined the potential effect of plant residues on denitrification with special emphasis on WEOM. A range of fresh and leached plant residues was characterized by elemental analyses, 13C-NMR spectroscopy, and extraction with ultrapure water. The obtained solutions were analyzed for the concentrations of organic carbon (OC) and organic nitrogen (ON), and by UV-VIS spectroscopy. To test the potential denitrification induced by plant residues or three different OM solutions, these carbon sources were added to soil suspensions and incubated for 24 h at 20 °C in the dark under anoxic conditions; KNO3 was added to ensure unlimited nitrate supply. Evolving N2O and CO2 were analyzed by gas chromatography, and acetylene inhibition was used to determine denitrification and its product ratio. The production of all gases, as well as the molar (N2O + N2)–N/CO2–C ratio, was directly related to the water-extractable OC (WEOC) content of the plant residues, and the WEOC increased with carboxylic/carbonyl C and decreasing OC/ON ratio of the plant residues. Incubation of OM solutions revealed that the molar (N2O + N2)–N/CO2–C ratio and share of N2O are influenced by the WEOM's chemical composition. In conclusion, our results emphasize the potential of WEOM in largely undecomposed plant residues to support short-term denitrification activity in a typical ˈhot spot–hot momentˈ situation.
title: Beyond Skin? Diasporic Youth, Television and Cultural Identity
Creators: name: Sharma, Anita
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2005

description: This thesis develops the concept of 'situational belonging' through an exploration of identity construction in young people of the Asian and African-Caribbean diasporas. It challenges contemporary debates that largely focus on the fluid and hybrid aspects of cultural identities. My research highlights the juxtaposition of hybridity alongside degrees of fixity and essentialism in second and third generation young people, living in London. This is illustrated through the ways they negotiate their identities in accordance with 'situations' that they find themselves in. The concept of 'situational belonging' is a notion of identity that is contingent or context-bound, but accommodates the expression of a need to belong. My contribution to the field is of a notion of identity that vacillates between a vast array of identifications dependent on where, why and with whom interaction may be taking place but always maintains some level of stability. The findings are drawn from interviews conducted with a small but diverse, multi-ethnic group of young people. By using detailed reflexive analysis in the interpretation of interview material, a number of factors emerge as highly significant in the construction of identities. By focusing on some of these areas such as friendship, marriage and religion, this study explores the extent to which ethnic boundaries are constructed, moved or maintained. In addition, analysis of television viewing provides further insight into the extent to which these young people are racialized and ethnicized both as an audience, and in their day-to-day lives. Television is one of the situations within which they construct their identities.
An advanced hybrid deep adversarial autoencoder for parameterized nonlinear fluid flow modelling
Creators: name: Cheng, M.
name: Fang, F.
name: Pain, C. C.
name: Navon, I. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Considering the high computation cost produced in conventional computation fluid dynamic simulations, machine learning methods have been introduced to flow dynamic simulations in recent years. However, most of studies focus mainly on existing fluid fields learning, the prediction of spatio-temporal nonlinear fluid flows in varying parameterized space has been neglected. In this work, we propose a hybrid deep adversarial autoencoder (DAA) to integrate generative adversarial network (GAN) and variational autoencoder (VAE) for predicting parameterized nonlinear fluid flows in spatial and temporal space. High-dimensional inputs are compressed into the low-representation representations by nonlinear functions in a convolutional encoder. In this way, the predictive fluid flows reconstructed in a convolutional decoder contain the dynamic flow physics of high nonlinearity and chaotic nature. In addition, the low-representation representations are applied into the adversarial network for model training and parameter optimization, which enables a fast computation process. The capability of the hybrid DAA is demonstrated by varying inputs on a water collapse example. Numerical results show that this hybrid DAA has successfully captured the spatio-temporal flow features with CPU speed-up of three orders of magnitude. Promising results suggests that the hybrid DAA can play a critical role in efficiently and accurately predicting complex flows in future.
Two-colour Lattice QCD with dynamical fermions at non-zero density versus Matrix Models
Creators: name: Akemann, Gernot
name: Bittner, Elmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide first evidence that Matrix Models describe the low lying complex Dirac eigenvalues in a theory with dynamical fermions at non-zero density. Lattice data for gauge group SU(2) with staggered fermions are compared to detailed analytical results from Matrix Models in the corresponding symmetry class, the complex chiral Symplectic Ensemble. They confirm the predicted dependence on chemical potential, quark mass and volume.
description: 6 pages, 8 fig., talk given at Lattice 2005 (Finite Temperature and Density) Dublin and Extreme QCD Swansea
Additional file 5 of An immunoinformatic approach driven by experimental proteomics: in silico design of a subunit candidate vaccine targeting secretory proteins of Leishmania donovani amastigotes
Creators: name: Md Anik Ashfaq Khan
name: Jenifar Quaiyum Ami
name: Khaledul Faisal
name: Rajashree Chowdhury
name: Ghosh, Prakash
name: Hossain, Faria
name: Wahed, Ahmed Abd El
name: Mondal, Dinesh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 5: Table S1. Account of conformational epitopes in the vaccine construct.
Additional file 2 of Unveiling lignocellulolytic potential: a genomic exploration of bacterial lineages within the termite gut
Creators: name: Salgado, João Felipe M.
name: Hervé, Vincent
name: Vera, Manuel A. G.
name: Tokuda, Gaku
name: Brune, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. UMAP biplot of the distribution of CAZymes of termite-associated bacteria color-coded according to phylum in (A) lower termites, (B) higher termites, (C) termite diet, and (D) gut compartment. Figure S2. Distribution of phylogenetic signal across termite-associated bacterial phyla tested against random effects. Figure S3. The drivers of uniqueness in the distribution patterns of (hemi)cellulases and lignin-modification enzymes in 2,223 termite-associated bacterial MAGs. Figure S4. The gene density of cellulases (A) and hemicellulases (B) among the MAGs of Firmicutes, Spirochaetota,Fibrobacterota, and Bacteroidota from lower and higher termites. Figure S5. Biplot of the PCA based on the distribution of lignin-modifying enzymes, color coded according to the phylum to which each genome belongs (A) and according to the gut compartment sampled for the metagenomes (B). Figure S6. Distribution of gene densities in CAZymes with pectinase activities in MAGs from different bacterial phyla. The insets break down the two most abundant phyla, Bacteroidota and Planctomycetota, to the order level.
When less is more: Are radio galaxies below the Fanaroff-Riley break more polarized on parsec scales ?
Creators: name: Kharb, P.
name: Shastri, P.
name: Gabuzda, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present images showing the first detections of polarization on parsec scales in the nuclei of four Fanaroff-Riley type I (low-luminosity) radio galaxies. Observations with Very Long Baseline Interferometry at λ3.6cm reveal the presence of ordered magnetic fields within ~1650 Schwarzchild radii of the putative central supermassive black hole. The relatively high fractional polarization in the pc-scale jets of these galaxies is consistent with the standard scheme unifying low-luminosity radio galaxies with BL Lac objects. This result also suggests that these radio galaxies lack the obscuring tori that apparently depolarize the nuclear emission in the more powerful FRII radio galaxies, and that their supermassive blackholes are poorly fed and/or inefficient radiators.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, to be published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Phases and phase transitions in spin-triplet ferromagnetic superconductors
Creators: name: Shopova, D. V.
name: Uzunov, D. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results for the coexistence of ferromagnetism and unconventional superconductivity with spin-triplet Cooper pairing are reviewed on the basis of the quasi-phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau theory. New results are reported. The results are discussed in view of applications to metallic compounds as UGe2, URhGe, ZrZn2.
description: 32 pages, 5 figs, Miktex; Chapter in ``Progress in Ferromagnetism Research'' (NOVA, N. Y., 2004)
Reliability and reliability sensitivity analysis of structure by combining adaptive linked importance sampling and Kriging reliability method
Creators: name: Liu, Fuchao
name: Wei, Pengfei
name: Zhou, Changcong
name: Yue, Zhufeng
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Active learning Kriging model
subject: Adaptive linked importance sampling
subject: Reliability analysis
subject: Sensitivity analysis
subject: Small failure probability
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::380 | Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr

description: The application of reliability analysis and reliability sensitivity analysis methods to complicated structures faces two main challenges: small failure probability (typical less than 10−5) and time-demanding mechanical models. This paper proposes an improved active learning surrogate model method, which combines the advantages of the classical Active Kriging – Monte Carlo Simulation (AK-MCS) procedure and the Adaptive Linked Importance Sampling (ALIS) procedure. The proposed procedure can, on the one hand, adaptively produce a series of intermediate sampling density approaching the quasi-optimal Importance Sampling (IS) density, on the other hand, adaptively generate a set of intermediate surrogate models approaching the true failure surface of the rare failure event. Then, the small failure probability and the corresponding reliability sensitivity indices are efficiently estimated by their IS estimators based on the quasi-optimal IS density and the surrogate models. Compared with the classical AK-MCS and Active Kriging – Importance Sampling (AK-IS) procedure, the proposed method neither need to build very large sample pool even when the failure probability is extremely small, nor need to estimate the Most Probable Points (MPPs), thus it is computationally more efficient and more applicable especially for problems with multiple MPPs. The effectiveness and engineering applicability of the proposed method are demonstrated by one numerical test example and two engineering applications.
Guitar Music and Cultural Identity in Kenya: Benga and Luo Identity, c. 1955 to c.1980
Creators: name: Mboya, Tom Michael
Publisher: name: Stichproben - Wiener Zeitschrift für kritische Afrikastudien / Vienna Journal of African Studies
Year: 2021

description: In this paper I discuss the relationship between popular music and cultural identity through a reading of the story of the early career of the Kenyan guitar–based dance music called benga. Genre theory guides the reading. Bringing into interplay basic elements of the early story of benga (on which there is a general consensus) and historical facts of the context in which it emerged, I show that the genre was at the moment of its origination a musical articulation of the cultural identity of a generation of Kenyan Africans of the Luo ethnic group who lived through the late colonial Kenya and into the early years of the country’s Uhuru, Independence. At the heart of the reading is an exploration of the origins and deployments of the practices and technologies that came together at a particular time and place and in specific social and political conditions to constitute benga.
Additional file 1 of Comparative study on lesions of reproductive disorders of cows and female dromedary camels slaughtered at Addis Ababa, Adama and Akaki abattoirs with bacterial isolation and characterization
Creators: name: Aynalem Mandefro Getahun
name: Gemechu Chala Hunderra
name: Tadesse Gidey Gebrezihar
name: Bulto Giro Boru
name: Natnael Teshager Desta
name: Tilaye Demissie Ayana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Major reproductive lesions and their macroscopic and microscopic characterization.
title: Characterisation of Isidis Planitia and the Beagle 2 Landing Site on Mars
Creators: name: Seabrook, Ashley Mark
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2005

description: Isidis Planitia is a large impact basin on Mars. I have determined that the extensive numbers of sub-kilometre sized cones and cone chains in the basin are the result of deposition of sediments by retreating ice in a process analogous to terrestrial terminal moraine formation, along with the formation of pingos, mud- and cryovolcanoes by the expansion of freezing fronts into a subsurface containing liquid water. I have interpreted the sinuous ridges within the basin as analogous to terrestrial eskers. Much of the research I have carried out uses Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) data to study the topography of the basin. I have interpolated and detrended the data in order to detect subtle variations in topography that are obscured by the the basin slope. I have analysed the large scale ridges within the basin, determining that they are the result of compressional tectonics forming normal faults, analogous to lunar wrinkle ridges. I have demonstrated that a model involving tectonic loading of the basin convincingly explains the division of ridges into an inner zone of concentric thrusting faults, and an outer zone of radially thrusting faults, and also provides an explanation for the gravitational anomaly found within the basin. I have analysed the larger impact craters in the basin, and determined that they show evidence of interaction with buried volatiles at the time of their formation. I have also identified a number of previously unknown buried craters within the basin, and calculated the age of the buried unit in which they formed to be Lower-to-mid-Hesperian. I have investigated thermal and other surface properties of the basin surface. Finally, I have drawn the available evidence together to determine a history of events that have shaped the surface and subsurface of the basin during the Hesperian and Amazonian Epochs.
Sensitivity reach on anomalous Higgs couplings via triphoton production for the post-LHC circular high-energy hadron colliders
Creators: name: Denizli, H.
name: Senol, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The potential of triphoton production to obtain limits on anomalous Higgs boson couplings at $Hγγ$ and $HZγ$ vertices is studied in Standard Model Effective Field Theory (EFT) framework for the post-LHC circular high-energy hadron colliders: High Luminosity-LHC (HL-LHC), High Energy LHC (HE-LHC) and Low Energy FCC (LE-FCC) which are designed with standard configurations of 14 TeV/3 ab$^{-1}$, 27 TeV/15 ab$^{-1}$ and 37.5 TeV/15 ab$^{-1}$. Madgraph in which the effective Lagrangian of the SM EFT is implemented using FeynRules and UFO framework is used to generate both background and signal events. These events are then passed through Pythia 8 for parton showering and Delphes to include realistic detector effects. After optimizing cuts on kinematics of three photons as well as the reconstructed invariant mass of the two leading photons, invariant mass of three leading photon is used to obtain constraints on the Wilson coefficients of dimension-six operators. We report the result of two dimensional scan of $\bar{c}_γ$ and $\tilde{c}_γ$ couplings at 95\% confidence level and compare with LHC results. Our obtained limits without systematic error on $\bar{c}_γ$ ( $\tilde{c}_γ$) are $[-3.15;1.41]\times10^{-2}$ ($[-2.12;2.12]\times10^{-2}$), $[-1.21;0.78]\times10^{-2}$ ($[-0.98;0.98]\times10^{-2}$) and $[-0.89;0.66]\times10^{-2}$ ($[-0.77;0.77]\times10^{-2}$) for HL-LHC, HE-LHC and LE-FCC, respectively.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, version accepted in Acta Physica Polonica B. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1901.04784
Additional file 1 of Computational identification of significant immunogenic epitopes of the putative outer membrane proteins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Creators: name: Sundar, Shobana
name: Lokesh Thangamani
name: Shanmughavel Piramanayagam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. UniprotKB IDs of the putative OMPs of Mtb. Table S2. List of MHC-I and MHC-II alleles employed in the study. Figure S3. Ramachandran plot of IDE of Rv0295c. Figure 4. Ramachandran plot of IDE of Rv1006. Figure S5. Ramachandran plot of IDE of Rv2265.
The influence of initial perturbation power spectra on the growth of a turbulent mixing layer induced by Richtmyer-Meshkov instability
Creators: name: Groom, Michael
name: Thornber, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper investigates the influence of different broadband perturbations on the evolution of a Richtmyer--Meshkov turbulent mixing layer initiated by a Mach 1.84 shock traversing a perturbed interface separating gases with a density ratio of 3:1. Both the bandwidth of modes in the interface perturbation, as well as their relative amplitudes, are varied in a series of carefully designed numerical simulations at grid resolutions up to $3.2\times10^9$ cells. Three different perturbations are considered, characterised by a power spectrum of the form $P(k)\propto k^m$ where $m=-1$, $-2$ and $-3$. The growth of the mixing layer is shown to strongly depend on the initial conditions, with the growth rate exponent $θ$ found to be $0.5$, $0.63$ and $0.75$ for each value of $m$ at the highest grid resolution. The asymptotic values of the molecular mixing fraction $Θ$ are also shown to vary significantly with $m$; at the latest time considered $Θ$ is $0.56$, $0.39$ and $0.20$ respectively. Turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) is also analysed in both the temporal and spectral domains. The temporal decay rate of TKE is found not to match the predicted value of $n=2-3θ$, which is shown to be due to a time-varying {normalised dissipation rate $C_ε$}. In spectral space, the data follow the theoretical scaling of $k^{(m+2)/2}$ at low wavenumbers and tend towards $k^{-3/2}$ and $k^{-5/3}$ scalings at high wavenumbers for the spectra of transverse and normal velocity components respectively. The results represent a significant extension of previous work on the Richtmyer--Meshkov instability evolving from broadband initial perturbations and provide useful benchmarks for future research.
Identification of a chemical fingerprint linking the undeclared 2017 release of 106Ru to advanced nuclear fuel reprocessing
Creators: name: Cooke, Michael W.
name: Botti, Adrian
name: Zok, Dorian
name: Steinhauser, Georg
name: Ungar, Kurt R.
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : National Acad. of Sciences
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: ruthenium
subject: polypyridyl complex
subject: radiochemistry
subject: nuclear forensics
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften

description: The undeclared release and subsequent detection of ruthenium-106 (106Ru) across Europe from late September to early October of 2017 prompted an international effort to ascertain the circumstances of the event. While dispersion modeling, corroborated by ground deposition measurements, has narrowed possible locations of origin, there has been a lack of direct empirical evidence to address the nature of the release. This is due to the absence of radiological and chemical signatures in the sample matrices, considering that such signatures encode the history and circumstances of the radioactive contaminant. In limiting cases such as this, we herein introduce the use of selected chemical transformations to elucidate the chemical nature of a radioactive contaminant as part of a nuclear forensic investigation. Using established ruthenium polypyridyl chemistry, we have shown that a small percentage (1.2 ± 0.4%) of the radioactive 106Ru contaminant exists in a polychlorinated Ru(III) form, partly or entirely as β-106RuCl3, while 20% is both insoluble and chemically inert, consistent with the occurrence of RuO2, the thermodynamic endpoint of the volatile RuO4. Together, these findings present a clear signature for nuclear fuel reprocessing activity, specifically the reductive trapping of the volatile and highly reactive RuO4, as the origin of the release. Considering that the previously established 103Ru:106Ru ratio indicates that the spent fuel was unusually young with respect to typical reprocessing protocol, it is likely that this exothermic trapping process proved to be a tipping point for an already turbulent mixture, leading to an abrupt and uncontrolled release.
Signatures of Relativistic Neutrinos in CMB Anisotropy and Matter Clustering
Creators: name: Bashinsky, Sergei
name: Seljak, Uros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analytical study of ultra-relativistic neutrinos in cosmological perturbation theory and of the observable signatures of inhomogeneities in the cosmic neutrino background. We note that a modification of perturbation variables that removes all the time derivatives of scalar gravitational potentials from the dynamical equations simplifies their solution notably. The used perturbations of particle number per coordinate, not proper, volume are generally constant on superhorizon scales. In real space an analytical analysis can be extended beyond fluids to neutrinos. The faster cosmological expansion due to the neutrino background changes the acoustic and damping angular scales of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). But we find that equivalent changes can be produced by varying other standard parameters, including the primordial helium abundance. The low-l integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect is also not sensitive to neutrinos. However, the gravity of neutrino perturbations suppresses the CMB acoustic peaks for the multipoles with l>~200 while it enhances the amplitude of matter fluctuations on these scales. In addition, the perturbations of relativistic neutrinos generate a *unique phase shift* of the CMB acoustic oscillations that for adiabatic initial conditions cannot be caused by any other standard physics. The origin of the shift is traced to neutrino free-streaming velocity exceeding the sound speed of the photon-baryon plasma. We find that from a high resolution, low noise instrument such as CMBPOL the effective number of light neutrino species can be determined with an accuracy of sigma(N_nu) = 0.05 to 0.09, depending on the constraints on the helium abundance.
description: 38 pages, 7 figures. Version accepted for publication in PRD
Solvent-assisted linker exchange as a tool for the design of mixed-linker MIL-140D structured MOFs for highly selective detection of gaseous H2S
Creators: name: Schulz, Marcel
name: Marquardt, Nele
name: Schäfer, Malte
name: Heinemeyer, Thea
name: Schaate, Andreas
Publisher: name: London : RSC Publishing
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Metal ions
subject: Coordination sites
subject: Copper ions
subject: Dicarboxylic acid
subject: High selectivity
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: A MIL-140D-sdc framework has been used as a highly stable backbone for the introduction of 4,4′-azobenzene dicarboxylic acid (H2abdc) via solvent-assisted ligand exchange (SALE). The implemented azo groups can serve as coordination sites for copper ions. These can exchange ligands with different gases, but show a high selectivity against H2S, which makes this material promising for potential sensor applications.
Testing boundary conditions efficiency in simulations of long-range interacting magnetic models
Creators: name: Cannas, Sergio A.
name: Lapilli, Cintia M.
name: Stariolo, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Periodic boundary conditions have not a unique implementation in magnetic systems where all spins interact with each other through a power law decaying interaction of the form $1/r^α$, $r$ being the distance between spins. In this work we present a comparative study of the finite size effects oberved in numerical simulations by using first image convention and full infinite of periodic boundary conditions in one and two-dimensional spin systems with those type of interactions, including the ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic and competitive interactions cases. Our results show no significative differences between the finite size effects produced by both types of boundary conditions when the low temperature phase has zero global magnetization, while it depends on the ratio $α/d$ for systems with a low temperature ferromagnetic phase. In the last case the first image convention gives much more stronger finite size effects than the other when the system enters into the classical regime $α/d \leq 3/2$.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Insulator-to-Metal Transition and Isotropic Gigantic Magnetoresistance in Layered Magnetic Semiconductors
Creators: name: Acharya, Gokul
name: Neupane, Bimal
name: Hsu, Chia-Hsiu
name: Yang, Xian P.
name: Graf, David
name: Choi, Eun Sang
name: Pandey, Krishna
name: Nabi, Md Rafique Un
name: Chhetri, Santosh Karki
name: Basnet, Rabindra
name: Rahman, Sumaya
name: Wang, Jian
name: Hu, Zhengxin
name: Da, Bo
name: Churchill, Hugh
name: Chang, Guoqing
name: Hasan, M. Zahid
name: Wang, Yuanxi
name: Hu, Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetotransport, the response of electrical conduction to external magnetic field, acts as an important tool to reveal fundamental concepts behind exotic phenomena and plays a key role in enabling spintronic applications. Magnetotransport is generally sensitive to magnetic field orientations. In contrast, efficient and isotropic modulation of electronic transport, which is useful in technology applications such as omnidirectional sensing, is rarely seen, especially for pristine crystals. Here we propose a strategy to realize extremely strong modulation of electron conduction by magnetic field which is independent of field direction. GdPS, a layered antiferromagnetic semiconductor with resistivity anisotropies, supports a field-driven insulator-to-metal transition with a paradoxically isotropic gigantic negative magnetoresistance insensitive to magnetic field orientations. This isotropic magnetoresistance originates from the combined effects of a near-zero spin-orbit coupling of Gd3+-based half-filling f-electron system and the strong on-site f-d exchange coupling in Gd atoms. Our results not only provide a novel material system with extraordinary magnetotransport that offers a missing block for antiferromagnet-based ultrafast and efficient spintronic devices, but also demonstrate the key ingredients for designing magnetic materials with desired transport properties for advanced functionalities.
description: 44 pages, 18 figures
title: Television and the Cultural Revolution: the BBC under Hugh Carleton Greene
Creators: name: Waymark, Peter Astley Grosvenor
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2006

description: Historians have argued that from the late 1950s Britain underwent a 'cultural revolution', a fundamental and lasting change in attitudes and beliefs which saw a questioning of established authority and institutions and a liberalisation of social controls in areas such as censorship, abortion and homosexuality. Few areas of cultural production were left untouched but while there has been scholarly work on the 'new' drama and 'new wave' cinema, the role of television has been largely ignored in academic writing. This thesis attempts to fill the gap. Although there is an assessment of the degree to which the BBC was responding to changes in society before the 1960s, the focus is on the Director-Generalship of Hugh Carleton Greene (1960-69) which has become associated with encouraging more liberal attitudes within the corporation. The extent of Greene's own contribution is one of the themes. The approach is that of the empiricist historian, starting from evidence rather than theory, and the thesis is largely based on primary material from the BBC's Written Archives, the National Archives and personal papers. Case studies of programmes such as That Was the Week That Was, The War Game, Up the Junction and Till Death Us Do Part highlight the challenges they posed to BBC practice and how these were negotiated. There is an examination of areas resistant to change, such as The Black and White Minstrel Show and the BBC's coverage of the monarchy, and of relations between the BBC and two of its strongest critics, Mary Whitehouse on morality and Harold Wilson on politics. Overall the thesis seeks to show how and to what extent the BBC responded to the cultural revolution and to assess the degree to which the corporation's policies and practices changed in the process.
Monitoring active open-pit mine stability in the Rhenish coalfields of Germany using a coherence-based SBAS method
Creators: name: Tang, Wei
name: Motagh, Mahdi
name: Zhan, Wei
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: ground deformation
subject: InSAR
subject: open-pit mine
subject: slope instability
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: With the recent progress in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technology, especially the new generation of SAR satellites (Sentinel-1 and TerraSAR-X), our ability to assess slope stability in open-pit mines has significantly improved. The main objective of this work is to map ground displacement and slope instability over three open-pit mines, namely, Hambach, Garzweiler and Inden, in the Rhenish coalfields of Germany to provide long-term monitoring solutions for open-pit mining operations and their surroundings. Three SAR datasets, including Sentinel-1A data in ascending and descending orbits and TerraSAR-X data in a descending orbit, were processed by a modified small baseline subset (SBAS) algorithm, called coherence-based SBAS, to retrieve ground displacement related to the three open-pit mines and their surroundings. Despite the continuously changing topography over these active open-pit mines, the small perpendicular baselines of both Sentinel-1A and TerraSAR-X data were not affected by DEM errors and hence could yield accurate estimates of surface displacement. Significant land subsidence was observed over reclaimed areas, with rates exceeding 500 mm/yr, 380 mm/yr, and 310 mm/yr for the Hambach, Garzweiler and Inden mine, respectively. The compaction process of waste materials is the main contributor to land subsidence. Land uplift was found over the areas near the active working parts of the mines, which was probably due to excavation activities. Horizontal displacement retrieved from the combination of ascending and descending data was analysed, revealing an eastward movement with a maximum rate of ∼120 mm/yr on the western flank and a westward movement with a maximum rate of ∼ 60 mm/yr on the eastern flank of the pit. Former open-pit mines Fortuna-Garsdorf and Berghein in the eastern part of Rhenish coalfields, already reclaimed for agriculture, also show subsidence, at locations reaching 150 mm/yr. The interferometric results were compared, whenever possible, with groundwater information to analyse the possible reasons for ground deformation over the mines and their surroundings.
The Role of Nigerian Celebrity Music Artists in the Anti- Apartheid Struggle, 1978 -1990
Creators: name: Oluwafunminiyi, Raheem
Publisher: name: Stichproben - Wiener Zeitschrift für kritische Afrikastudien / Vienna Journal of African Studies
Year: 2021

description: Following the March 1960 Sharpeville massacre, Nigeria’s engagements with South Africa took on a deeply hostile posture for the next decades, intensifying after the 1976 Soweto uprising. Through an indignant ‘Afrocentric’ foreign policy, the Nigerian state and Nigerians began to contest the apartheid regime at different levels. Among the group of Nigerians involved in this endeavour were four celebrity music artists – Sonny Okosun, Fela Anikulapo-Kuti, Onyeka Owenu and Majek Fashek. These music artists released anti-apartheid songs specifically between 1978 and 1990, four of which have been selected in this article — Fire in Soweto, Beasts of No Nation, Winnie Mandela and Free Africa, Free Mandela, to galvanise national and global condemnation of apartheid. This article examines the role and musical concerns of these four music artists as part of a global antiapartheid movement. Drawing primarily on secondary sources, newspaper articles and album covers, the article demonstrates that these concerns were mostly connected to two defining and interconnected currents — the unifying militant resistance in most parts of Africa against white-minority rule and the contribution of governments in the West to the sustenance of the apartheid regime despite global condemnation. In this article I put forward three themes which shaped the songs of Nigerian celebrity artists protesting apartheid: protest, solidarity and advocacy. With its lens on four Nigerian musicians, and their connections to both the domestic and the international arena, this article provides new perpectives on the artistic interventions driven by African artists in the struggle against South African apartheid on the African continent.
Wolf-Rayet stars in M81 using GTC/OSIRIS: 7 new detections, analysis and classification of the full sample
Creators: name: Gómez-González, V. M. A.
name: Mayya, Y. D.
name: Rosa-González, D.
name: Rodríguez-Merino, L. H.
name: Toalá, J. A.
name: Alvarez, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of 7 new Wolf-Rayet (WR) star locations in M81 using the Multi-Object Spectrograph of the OSIRIS instrument at Gran Telescopio Canarias. These detections are the result of a follow-up of an earlier study using the same instrumental set-up that resulted in the detection of 14 WR locations. We analyse the entire sample of 21 spectra to classify them to one of the known WR sub-types using template spectra of WR stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), with similar metallicity to M81. Taking into consideration the dispersion in the strengths of the bumps for a given WR sub-type, we found that 19 of the 21 locations correspond to individual stars, including all the 7 new detections, of sub-types: WNL, WNE, WCE and the transitional WN/C. None of the detections correspond to WCL or WO types. The positions of these stars in the red bump vs blue bump luminosity diagram agrees well with an evolutionary path according to the Conti scenario. Based on this, we propose this diagram as a straightforward tool for spectral classification of extragalactic WR sources. The detection of individual WR stars in M81, which is at a distance of 3.6 Mpc, opens up a new environment for testing the massive star evolutionary models.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables; accepted to MNRAS
Heuristic average-case analysis of the backtrack resolution of random 3-Satisfiability instances
Creators: name: Cocco, Simona
name: Monasson, Remi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: A.0

description: An analysis of the average-case complexity of solving random 3-Satisfiability (SAT) instances with backtrack algorithms is presented. We first interpret previous rigorous works in a unifying framework based on the statistical physics notions of dynamical trajectories, phase diagram and growth process. It is argued that, under the action of the Davis--Putnam--Loveland--Logemann (DPLL) algorithm, 3-SAT instances are turned into 2+p-SAT instances whose characteristic parameters (ratio alpha of clauses per variable, fraction p of 3-clauses) can be followed during the operation, and define resolution trajectories. Depending on the location of trajectories in the phase diagram of the 2+p-SAT model, easy (polynomial) or hard (exponential) resolutions are generated. Three regimes are identified, depending on the ratio alpha of the 3-SAT instance to be solved. Lower sat phase: for small ratios, DPLL almost surely finds a solution in a time growing linearly with the number N of variables. Upper sat phase: for intermediate ratios, instances are almost surely satisfiable but finding a solution requires exponential time (2 ^ (N omega) with omega>0) with high probability. Unsat phase: for large ratios, there is almost always no solution and proofs of refutation are exponential. An analysis of the growth of the search tree in both upper sat and unsat regimes is presented, and allows us to estimate omega as a function of alpha. This analysis is based on an exact relationship between the average size of the search tree and the powers of the evolution operator encoding the elementary steps of the search heuristic.
description: to appear in Theoretical Computer Science
Dynamics of Revenue Generation in Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda: A Co-integration and error-correction modeling approach
Creators: name: Mwakalobo, Adam B. S.
name: Mwakalobo, Adam B. S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Short-run
subject: Long-run
subject: Revenue generation
subject: Tax buoyancy
subject: Co integration,
subject: Error-correction
subject: Tanzania
subject: Kenya
subject: Uganda

description: The dynamics of revenue generation in Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda are explored. Results demonstrate that revenue generation is sluggish in Tanzania compared to Kenya and Uganda. Macroeconomic environment, economic structure, and level of development are fundamental at explaining these differences. Results reveal that these countries have the potential for generating more revenue, if could address weaknesses inherent in their tax systems. Computerization of tax collection; expansion of the tax base; address problems associated with tax revenue leakages; and instituting strong legal enforcements should be at the fore in the ongoing tax reforms so as to enhance tax revenue collection.
Differential effects of Belatacept on virus-specific memory versus de novo allo-specific T cell responses of kidney transplant recipients and healthy donors
Creators: name: Kühne, Jenny Franziska
name: Neudörfl, Christine
name: Beushausen, Kerstin
name: Keil, Jana
name: Malysheva, Svitlana
name: Wandrer, Franziska
name: Haller, Hermann
name: Messerle, Martin
name: Blume, Cornelia
name: Neuenhahn, Michael
name: Schlott, Fabian
name: Hammerschmidt, Wolfgang
name: Zeidler, Reinhard
name: Falk, Christine S.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Belatacept
subject: Costimulation blockade
subject: Immunosuppression
subject: Kidney transplantation
subject: Vaccination
subject: Virus like particles
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Belatacept, Nulojix®, inhibits the interaction of CD28 on naïve T cells with B7.1/B7.2 (CD80/86) on antigen presenting cells, leading to T cell hyporesponsiveness and anergy and is approved as immunosuppressive drug in kidney transplantation. Due to its specificity for B7.1/2 molecules, side effects are reduced compared to other immunosuppressive drugs like calcineurin- and mTOR-inhibitors. Kidney transplant recipients under Belatacept-based immunosuppression presented with superior renal function and similar graft survival seven years after transplantation compared to cyclosporine treatment. However, de novo Belatacept-based immunosuppression was associated with increased risk of early rejections and viral (EBV) infections in clinical trials, especially in EBV-naïve patients. Since there is no vaccination against EBV infection available, EBV-derived virus like particles (EBV-VLPs) are currently developed as vaccine strategy. Here, we investigated the immunosuppressive effects of Belatacept compared to calcineurin- and mTOR inhibitors on allo- versus virus-specific T cells and the potency of EBV-VLPs to induce virus-specific T cell responses in vitro. Using PBMC of kidney recipients and healthy donors, we could demonstrate selective inhibition of allo-specific de novo T cell responses but not virus-specific memory T cell responses by Belatacept, as measured by IFN-γ production. In contrast, calcineurin inhibitors suppressed IFN-γ production of virus-specific memory CD8+ T cells completely. These results experimentally confirm the concept that Belatacept blocks CD28-mediated costimulation in newly primed naïve T cells but does not interfere with memory T cell responses being already independent from CD28-mediated costimulation. Additionally, we could show that EBV-VLPs induce a significant though weak IFN-γ-mediated T cell response in vitro in both kidney recipients and healthy donors. In summary, we demonstrated that immunosuppression of kidney recipients by Belatacept may primarily suppress de novo allo-specific T cell responses sparing virus-specific memory T cells. Moreover, EBV-VLPs could represent a novel strategy for vaccination of immunocompromised renal transplant recipients to prevent EBV reactivation especially under Belatacept-based immunosuppression.
Additional file 1 of Diversity, distribution, and drivers of Polychromophilus infection in Malagasy bats
Creators: name: Mercia Rasoanoro
name: Goodman, Steven M.
name: Milijaona Randrianarivelojosia
name: Mbola Rakotondratsimba
name: Koussay Dellagi
name: Tortosa, Pablo
name: Ramasindrazana, Beza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Localities sampled in the previous and present study.