cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Relational observables in Asymptotically safe gravity
Creators: name: Baldazzi, Alessio
name: Falls, Kevin
name: Ferrero, Renata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an approach to compute the renormalisation group flow of relational observables in quantum gravity which evolve from their microscopic expressions towards the full quantum expectation value. This is achieved by using the composite operator formalism of the functional renormalisation group. These methods can be applied to a large class of relational observables within a derivative expansion for different physical coordinate systems. As a first application we consider four scalar fields coupled to gravity to represent the physical coordinate frame from which relational observables can be constructed. At leading order of the derivative expansion the observables are the inverse relational metric and the relational scalar curvature. We evaluate their scaling dimensions at the fixed point, both in the standard renormalisation group scheme and in the essential scheme. This represents the first steps to describe running observables within asymptotic safety; this treatment can be generalised to other observables constructed from different tensors and in different physical coordinate systems.
description: 29 pages, 2 figures; added references, corrected typos
Revista de Artes Decorativas, n. 5 (2011)
Creators: name: Revista De Artes Decorativas
Publisher: name: Revista de Artes Decorativas
Year: 2011

description: Os últimos indícios da comunidade científi ca nacional, nos domínios da História da Arte, apontam para o facto de algumas universidades despertarem, fi nalmente, para a abordagem das Artes Decorativas enquanto área científi ca e objecto sistemático de investigação. Isto alenta-nos a continuar a tarefa que iniciámos há anos, abrindo, na Escola das Artes da Universidade Católica Portuguesa, o primeiro mestrado em Artes Decorativas, com edições em Lisboa e no Porto, e os primeiros doutoramentos tutoriais em Arte – Especialidade de Artes Decorativas.
description: Editorial...5-7 A conversão e reutilização de peças têxteis. Uma prática comum da sociedade quinhentista portuguesa...11-37 A encadernação do Foral de Viana da Foz de Lima, dado por D. Manuel a 1 de Junho de 1512. Reflexões a propósito da sua reencadernação...135-151 Visitação do Convento e Mosteiro de Santos (Lisboa) em 1513...235-241 Dissertações e publicações...287-310 Novos documentos sobre as encomendas artísticas do 1.º marquês de Fronteira, D. João de Mascarenhas. Decoração, colecções e arquitectura nos palácios de Lisboa na 2.ª metade do século XVII...39-56 A evolução dos talhes do diamante do século XVI ao século XVIII em Portugal...153-162 Inventário do Hospital de Todos-os-Santos (Lisboa) em 1564...243-270 Roma em Lisboa: as artes decorativas no contexto das obras de arte enviadas da cidade pontifícia para a capital portuguesa no reinado de D. João V...57-78 As pratas da Princesa D. Isabel Luísa Josefa (1669-1690)...163-178 Inventário e partilhas dos bens do Dr. António Gomes Rodovalho, do Desembargo do Paço (1603)...271-278 O regimento do ofício de ladrilhadores da cidade de Lisboa...79-105 Entre o trato e a bagagem: circulação de faiança entre Lisboa e Salvador da Bahia (séculos XVI e XVII)...179-195 O azulejo e a encomenda no século XVIII...279-283 A prata elvense nas contribuições de 1807-1808 e 1834...107-132 Paul Mallet (1761?-1844), ourives francês com Fábrica de Bijuteria na Rua Áurea, em Lisboa...197-218 Utilidade e gosto nas viagens reais: escrivaninha de viagem de D. Pedro da Casa Alphonse Giroux...219-231
Self-reported changes in drug use behaviors and syringe disposal methods following the opening of a supervised injecting facility in Copenhagen, Denmark
Creators: name: Kinnard, Elizabeth N
name: Howe, Chanelle J
name: Kerr, Thomas
name: Skjødt Hass, Vibeke
name: Marshall, Brandon David Lewis
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Background: In Denmark, the first standalone supervised injecting facility (SIF) opened in Copenhagen’s Vesterbro neighborhood on October 1, 2012. The purpose of this study was to assess whether use of services provided by the recently opened SIF was associated with changes in injecting behavior and syringe disposal practices among people who inject drugs (PWID). We hypothesized that risk behaviors (e.g., syringe sharing), and unsafe syringe disposal (e.g., dropping used equipment on the ground) had decreased among PWID utilizing the SIF. Methods Between February and August of 2013, we conducted interviews using a survey (in English and Danish) with forty-one people who reported injecting drugs at the SIF. We used descriptive statistics and McNemar’s test to examine sociodemographic characteristics of the sample, current drugs used, sites of syringe disposal before and after opening of the SIF, and perceived behavior change since using the SIF. Results Of the interviewed participants, 90.2% were male and the majority were younger than 40 years old (60.9%). Three-quarters (75.6%) of participants reported reductions in injection risk behaviors since the opening of the SIF, such as injecting in a less rushed manner (63.4%), fewer outdoor injections (56.1%), no longer syringe sharing (53.7%), and cleaning injecting site(s) more often (43.9%). Approximately two-thirds (65.9%) of participants did not feel that their frequency of injecting had changed; five participants (12.2%) reported a decrease in injecting frequency, and only two participants (4.9%) reported an increase in injecting frequency. Twenty-four (58.5%) individuals reported changing their syringe disposal practices since the opening of the SIF; of those, twenty-three (95.8%) reported changing from not always disposing safely to always disposing safely (McNemar’s test p-value < 0.001). Conclusions Our findings suggest that use of the Copenhagen SIF is associated with adoption of safer behaviors that reduce harm and promote health among PWID, as well as practices that benefit the Vesterbro neighborhood (i.e., safer syringe disposal). As a public health intervention, Copenhagen’s SIF has successfully reached PWID engaging in risk behavior. To fully characterize the impacts of this and other Danish SIFs, further research should replicate this study with a larger sample size and prospective follow-up.
Temperature dependence of self-trapped exciton luminescence in nanostructured hafnia powder
Creators: name: Shilov, A. O.
name: Savchenko, S. S.
name: Vokhmintsev, A. S.
name: Gritsenko, V. A.
name: Weinstein, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intrinsic optical properties and peculiarities of the energy structure of hafnium dioxide largely determine the prospects for applying the latter in new generation devices of optoelectronics and nanoelectronics. In this work, we have studied the diffuse reflectance spectra at room temperature for a nominally pure nanostructured $HfO_2$ powder with a monoclinic crystal structure and, as well its photoluminescence in the temperature range of 40 - 300 K. We have also estimated the bandgap $E_g$ under the assumption made for indirect (5.31 eV) and direct (5.61 eV) allowed transitions. We have detected emission with a 4.2 eV maximum at T < 200 K and conducted an analysis of the experimental dependencies to evaluate the activation energies of thermal quenching (140 meV) and enhancement (3 meV) processes. Accounting for both the temperature behavior of the spectral characteristics and the estimation of the Huang-Rhys factor S >> 1 has shown that radiative decay of self-trapped excitons forms the mechanism of the indicated emission. In this case, the localization is mainly due to the interaction of holes with active vibrational modes of oxygen atoms in non-equivalent ($O_{3f}$ and $O_{4f}$) crystal positions. Thorough study of the discussed excitonic effects can advance development of hafnia-based structures with a controlled optical response.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, 56 references. Keywords: hafnium dioxide, self-trapped exciton, F-center, thermal quenching of luminescence, luminescence enhacement, Huang-Rhys factor, effective phonon energy, bandgap width
An FPGA-based Timing and Control System for the Dynamic Compression Sector
Creators: name: Saxena, Shefali
name: Paskvan, Daniel R.
name: Weir, Nicholas R.
name: Sinclair, Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A field programmable gate array (FPGA) based timing and trigger control system has been developed for the Dynamic Compression Sector (DCS) user facility located at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory. The DCS is a first-of-its-kind capability dedicated to dynamic compression science. All components of the DCS laser shock station - x-ray choppers, single-shot shutter, internal laser triggers, and shot diagnostics-must be synchronized with respect to the arrival of x-rays in the hutch. A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) synchronized to the APS storage ring radio frequency (RF) clock (352 MHz) generates trigger signals for each stage of the laser and x-ray shutter system with low jitter. The system is composed of a Zynq FPGA, a debug card, line drivers and power supply. The delay and offsets of trigger signals can be adjusted using a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI) with high precision. The details of the system architecture, timing requirements, firmware, and software implementation along with the performance evaluation are presented in this paper. The system offers low timing jitter (15.5 ps r.m.s.) with respect to APS 352 MHz clock, suitable for the 50 ps r.m.s. x-ray bunch duration at the APS.
Czech infinitival conditionals
Creators: name: Junghanns, Uwe
name: Pitsch, Hagen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: infinitives
conditionals
complex sentences
syntax
interpretation
nominative case licensing
non/finiteness
Czech

description: The paper deals with complex Czech sentences that consist of a finite matrix clause
 and an infinitival subordinate clause. The latter receives a conditional interpretation although there is no item to signal that function. Interestingly, an overt nominative subject can be realized within the infinitival clause. Conditional sentences
 of this type occur in Czech and Slovak only. The following issues are addressed in
 the paper: size of the infinitival clause, connection with the matrix, surface order,
 nominative case licensing, and interpretation. The proposal builds on the idea that
 finiteness is a conspiracy of tense and agreement marking (see Stowell 1982; 1995;
 Wurmbrand 2001). Infinitival structures come in two variants: tensed vs. untensed.
 Nominative subjects are realized in the former but not the latter. We assume an
 economical division of labour between null and overt subjects. The proposal invokes un/interpretable un/valued T-/Φ-features for an explanation (see Pesetsky
 & Torrego 2001). The issues of how the conditional interpretation comes about and
 what might possibly help to reach it are addressed as well.
Bifurcated symmetry breaking in scalar-tensor gravity
Creators: name: Yoshimura, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present models that simultaneously predict presence of dark energy and cold dark matter along with slow-roll inflation. The dark energy density is found to be of order $({\rm a \;few \;meV})^4$, and the mass of dark matter constituent is $\approx 1\,$ meV. These numbers are given in terms of the present value of Hubble constant $H_0$ and the Plank energy $1/\sqrt{16 πG_N}$: they are $(H_0 M_{\rm P})^2$ for the energy density and $(H_0 M_{\rm P})^{1/2}$ for the dark matter constituent mass. The basic framework is a multi-scalar tensor gravity with non-trivial conformal coupling to the Ricci scalar curvature in the lagrangian density. The key for a right amount of dark energy is to incorporate in a novel way the spatially homogeneous kinetic contribution of Nambu-Goldstone modes in a spontaneously broken multi-scalar field sector. Proposed theories are made consistent with general relativity tests at small cosmological distances, yet are different from general relativity at cosmological scales. Dark matter is generated as spatially inhomogeneous component of the scalar system, with roughly comparable amount to the dark energy. In some presented models a cosmological bifurcation of symmetry breaking of scalar sector is triggered by the spontaneous breaking of electroweak SU(2) $\times $ U(1) gauge symmetry, hence the separation occurring simultaneously at the electroweak phase transition. The best experimental method to test presented models is to search for the fifth-force type of scalar exchange interaction with a force range, $O(10^{-2})$ cm, whose coupling to matter is basically of gravitational strength.
description: 14 pages and 3 figures
Lattice and magnetic structure in the van der Waals antiferromagnet VBr3
Creators: name: Gu, Yimeng
name: Hao, Yiqing
name: Kao, Zeyu
name: Gu, Yiqing
name: Liu, Feiyang
name: Zheng, Shiyi
name: Cao, Huibo
name: He, Lunhua
name: Zhao, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a comprehensive investigation of the lattice and magnetic structure in van der Waals antiferromagnet VBr3, characterized by a BiI3-type structure at room temperature. Neutron diffraction experiments were performed on both polycrystalline and single-crystalline VBr3 samples, revealing clear magnetic Bragg peaks emerging below the Néel temperature of TN = 26.5 K. These magnetic Bragg peaks can be indexed by k = (0, 0.5, 1) in hexagonal notation. Our refinement analysis suggests that the antiferromagnetic order in VBr3 manifests as a zigzag structure. Moreover, we observed peak splitting for nuclear Bragg peaks in the HK-plane below the structure transition temperature of Ts = 94 K, indicating the breaking of 3-fold symmetry within the ab-plane.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Efficient joint noise removal and multi exposure fusion
Creators: name: Buades, A.
name: Lisani, J. L
name: Martorell, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-exposure fusion (MEF) is a technique for combining different images of the same scene acquired with different exposure settings into a single image. All the proposed MEF algorithms combine the set of images, somehow choosing from each one the part with better exposure. We propose a novel multi-exposure image fusion chain taking into account noise removal. The novel method takes advantage of DCT processing and the multi-image nature of the MEF problem. We propose a joint fusion and denoising strategy taking advantage of spatio-temporal patch selection and collaborative 3D thresholding. The overall strategy permits to denoise and fuse the set of images without the need of recovering each denoised exposure image, leading to a very efficient procedure.
16S rRNA sequencing of 51 murine fece samples
Creators: name: 李涛
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2024
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Multispecies

description: This project is about the structure and composition of gut microbiota in the offspring from six treatment groups. The pregnant B6 dam was intraperitoneally administrated with a single injection of poly (I: C) potassium salt (PIC) at 20 mg/kg or PBS on the E12.5th day. Postweaning male offspring were administrated with L.plantarum or sodium benzoate (NaB) by oral gavage for 4 weeks. According to the treatment, male offspring were divided into six groups: PBS, PBS+ L.plantarum, PBS+NaB, PIC, PIC+ L.plantarum, and PIC+NaB, 48 mice from the six groups were selected, the feces were collected, and the DNA was extracted for 16S rRNA sequencing, 3 negative controls were established.
Improved stabilization scheme for extreme ultraviolet quantum interference experiments
Creators: name: Uhl, Daniel
name: Wituschek, Andreas
name: Bangert, Ulrich
name: Binz, Marcel
name: Callegari, Carlo
name: Di Fraia, Michele
name: Plekan, Oksana
name: Prince, Kevin Charles
name: Cerullo, Giulio
name: Giannessi, Luca
name: Danailov, Miltcho
name: Sansone, Giuseppe
name: Laarmann, Tim
name: Michiels, Rupert
name: Mudrich, Marcel
name: Piseri, Paolo
name: Squibb, Richard James
name: Feifel, Raimund
name: Stranges, Stefano
name: Stienkemeier, Frank
name: Bruder, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interferometric pump-probe experiments in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) domain are experimentally very challenging due to the high phase stability required between the XUV pulses. Recently, an efficient phase stabilization scheme was introduced for seeded XUV free electron lasers (FELs) combining shot-to-shot phase modulation with lock-in detection. This method stabilized the seed laser beampath on the fundamental ultraviolet wavelength to a high degree. Here, we extend this scheme including the stabilization of the XUV beampath, incorporating phase fluctuations from the FEL high gain harmonic generation process. Our analysis reveals a clear signal improvement with the new method compared to the previous stabilization scheme.
The Canadian birth place study: examining maternity care provider attitudes and interprofessional conflict around planned home birth
Creators: name: Vedam, Saraswathi
name: Stoll, Kathrin
name: Schummers, Laura
name: Fairbrother, Nichole
name: Klein, Michael C.
name: Thordarson, Dana
name: Kornelsen, Jude, 1965-
name: Dharamsi, Shafik
name: Rogers, Judy
name: Liston, Robert
name: Kaczorowski, Janusz
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: Available birth settings have diversified in Canada since the integration of regulated midwifery. Midwives are required to offer eligible women choice of birth place; and 25-30% of midwifery clients plan home births. Canadian provincial health ministries have instituted reimbursement schema and regulatory guidelines to ensure access to midwives in all settings. Evidence from well-designed Canadian cohort studies demonstrate the safety and efficacy of midwife-attended home birth. However, national rates of planned home birth remain low, and many maternity providers do not support choice of birth place. Methods: In this national, mixed-methods study, our team administered a cross-sectional survey, and developed a 17 item Provider Attitudes to Planned Home Birth Scale (PAPHB-m) to assess attitudes towards home birth among maternity providers. We entered care provider type into a linear regression model, with the PAPHB-m score as the outcome variable. Using Students’ t tests and ANOVA for categorical variables and correlational analysis (Pearson’s r) for continuous variables, we conducted provider-specific bivariate analyses of all socio-demographic, education, and practice variables (n=90) that were in both the midwife and physician surveys. Results: Median favourability scores on the PAPHB–m scale were very low among obstetricians (33.0), moderately low for family physicians (38.0) and very high for midwives (80.0), and 84% of the variance in attitudes could be accounted for by care provider type. Amount of exposure to planned home birth during midwifery or medical education and practice was significantly associated with favourability scores. Concerns about perinatal loss and lawsuits, discomfort with inter-professional consultations, and preference for the familiarity of the hospital correlated with less favourable attitudes to home birth. Among all providers, favourability scores were linked to beliefs about the evidence on safety of home birth, and confidence in their own ability to manage obstetric emergencies at a home birth. Conclusions: Increasing the knowledge base among all maternity providers about planned home birth may increase favourability. Key learning competencies include criteria for birth site selection, management of obstetric emergencies at planned home births, critical appraisal of literature on safety of home birth, and inter-professional communication and collaboration when women are transferred from home to hospital.
Triggering tearing in a forming current sheet with the mirror instability
Creators: name: Winarto, Himawan W.
name: Kunz, Matthew W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the time-dependent formation and evolution of a current sheet (CS) in a magnetized, collisionless, high-beta plasma using hybrid-kinetic particle-in-cell simulations. An initially tearing-stable Harris sheet is frozen into a persistently driven incompressible flow so that its characteristic thickness gradually decreases in time. As the CS thins, the strength of the reconnecting field increases, and adiabatic invariance in the inflowing fluid elements produces a field-biased pressure anisotropy with excess perpendicular pressure. At large plasma beta, this anisotropy excites the mirror instability, which deforms the reconnecting field on ion-Larmor scales and dramatically reduces the effective thickness of the CS. Tearing modes whose wavelengths are comparable to that of the mirrors then become unstable, triggering reconnection on smaller scales and at earlier times than would have occurred if the thinning CS were to have retained its Harris profile. A novel method for identifying and tracking X-points is introduced, yielding X-point separations that are initially intermediate between the perpendicular and parallel mirror wavelengths in the upstream plasma. These mirror-stimulated tearing modes ultimately grow and merge to produce island widths comparable to the CS thickness, an outcome we verify across a range of CS formation timescales and initial CS widths. Our results may find their most immediate application in the tearing disruption of magnetic folds generated by turbulent dynamo in weakly collisional, high-beta, astrophysical plasmas.
Lynx D3.8 Summarisation and annotation services
Creators: name: Moreno-Schneider, Julián
name: Rehm, Georg
name: Navas-Loro, María
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: summarisation service, annotation service, named entity recognition, temporal expression analysis, geolocation, NER, TIMEX, GEO, SUMM

description: This report provides the final description of the summarisation and annotation services developed under Task 3.2 in the Lynx project. This report describes several services that are classified into Annotation Services, whose goal is to enrich documents with semantic annotations, and Summarisation Service, which aim at generating a new and shorter piece of a text from one or several longer texts (documents or parts of documents). The description of the services consists of two parts: for each of the services, first, its general approach is presented, and then, its application in the Lynx project is introduced, putting the focus on datasets used for training new models, rules defined for domain adaptability or generation of dictionaries for specific topics or scenarios. Although being the final report, the described services are still going to be further developed and evaluated, and will still experience changes and improvements in the following months (and until the end of the project).
Screening for Genetic Susceptibility Genes in Hereditary Colorectal Cancer
Creators: name: 方旭前(Xuqian Fang)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2024
Subjects: Exome
Variation
Multiisolate
Medical

description: In colorectal cancer (CRC), a subset of patients demonstrate a pattern of familial aggregation, which is estimated to account for 20-30% of all documented cases. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Colorectal Cancer Screening Guidelines delineate hereditary CRC into several specific syndromes: Lynch Syndrome, Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP), MUTYH-Associated Polyposis (MAP), Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome (PJS), Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome, and CRC associated with an unexplained positive family history.

According to the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology for Hereditary Colorectal Cancer (2016), it is advised that individuals identified as being at high risk due to a familial predisposition to CRC should undergo multi-gene panel testing. This diagnostic approach is pivotal in identifying genetic susceptibility to the disease, thereby enabling the implementation of targeted preventive interventions and informing treatment strategies. The current study is designed to enroll patients with CRC who possess a relevant family history. The primary objective is to identify and validate novel genetic markers associated with an increased risk for CRC, contributing to the broader understanding and management of the disease.
The bimodality in the mass-metallicity relation in SDSS-MaNGA galaxy pairs
Creators: name: Omori, Kiyoaki Christopher
name: Takeuchi, Tsutomu T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: Interacting galaxies show a metallicity dilution compared to isolated galaxies of similar masses in the mass-metallicity space at the global scale. We investigate the spatially resolved mass-metallicity relation (MZR) of galaxy pairs in the SDSS-MaNGA survey to confirm that the local relation between the stellar mass surface density and the metallicity is consistent with the MZR at the global scale. Methods: We investigate the relationship between the stellar mass surface density and the metallicity abundance, 12+log (O/H), for star-forming spaxels belonging to 298 galaxy pairs identified using visual and kinematic indicators in the SDSS-MaNGA survey. We also investigate if a)the location of a spaxel relative to the galaxy centre and b)the galaxy pair separation have any effect on the local MZR. Results: We find that the correlation between mass and metallicity holds for interacting galaxies at the local level. However, we find two peaks in spaxel distribution, one peak with enriched metallicity and the other with diluted metallicity. We find that the spaxels belonging to the galaxy central regions (i.e. at lower R/Reff) are concentrated close to the two peaks. We also find that the metallicity-diluted spaxels belong to galaxy pairs with closer projected separations and that spaxels with enriched metallicity belong to galaxy pairs with greater projected separations. Conclusions: We find two discrete peaks in the spatially resolved MZR for star-forming spaxels that belong to galaxy pairs. The peaks are likely related to the galaxy projected separation or the stage of the interaction process of a galaxy pair.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted by A&A Feb. 17, 2022
$\boldsymbolγ$-Net: Superresolving SAR Tomographic Inversion via Deep Learning
Creators: name: Qian, Kun
name: Wang, Yuanyuan
name: Shi, Yilei
name: Zhu, Xiao Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Synthetic aperture radar tomography (TomoSAR) has been extensively employed in 3-D reconstruction in dense urban areas using high-resolution SAR acquisitions. Compressive sensing (CS)-based algorithms are generally considered as the state of the art in super-resolving TomoSAR, in particular in the single look case. This superior performance comes at the cost of extra computational burdens, because of the sparse reconstruction, which cannot be solved analytically and we need to employ computationally expensive iterative solvers. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning-based super-resolving TomoSAR inversion approach, $\boldsymbolγ$-Net, to tackle this challenge. $\boldsymbolγ$-Net adopts advanced complex-valued learned iterative shrinkage thresholding algorithm (CV-LISTA) to mimic the iterative optimization step in sparse reconstruction. Simulations show the height estimate from a well-trained $\boldsymbolγ$-Net approaches the Cramér-Rao lower bound while improving the computational efficiency by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude comparing to the first-order CS-based methods. It also shows no degradation in the super-resolution power comparing to the state-of-the-art second-order TomoSAR solvers, which are much more computationally expensive than the first-order methods. Specifically, $\boldsymbolγ$-Net reaches more than $90\%$ detection rate in moderate super-resolving cases at 25 measurements at 6dB SNR. Moreover, simulation at limited baselines demonstrates that the proposed algorithm outperforms the second-order CS-based method by a fair margin. Test on real TerraSAR-X data with just 6 interferograms also shows high-quality 3-D reconstruction with high-density detected double scatterers.
Zero-field magnetometry based on the combination of atomic orientation and alignment
Creators: name: Gal, Gwenael Le
name: Palacios-Laloy, Agustin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optically pumped magnetometers usually rely on optical pumping using circularly- or linearly-polarized light. We study here zero-field magnetometers pumped with elliptically-polarized light, preparing both atomic orientation and alignment with complementary geometries. We start by extending the "three-step approach" for elliptically-polarized pumping. This allows us studying the Hanle effect in elliptical polarization by comparing the analytical absorption signals with experiments made on helium-4 metastable state. We then study parametric resonance magnetometers based on elliptical polarization by using the dressed-atom formalism with one and two radio-frequency fields. The results show a good agreement with the experimental measurements and open interesting perspectives for magnetometry where symmetry breaking by pumping light is mitigated.
Black hole attractors and U(1) Fayet-Iliopoulos gaugings: analysis and classification
Creators: name: Astesiano, Davide
name: Cacciatori, Sergio L.
name: Marrani, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We classify the critical points of the effective black hole potential which governs the attractor mechanism taking place at the horizon of static dyonic extremal black holes in $\mathcal{N}=2$, $D=4$ Maxwell-Einstein supergravity with $U(1)$ Fayet-Iliopoulos gaugings. We use a manifestly symplectic covariant formalism, and we consider both spherical and hyperbolic horizons, recognizing the relevant sub-classes to which some representative examples belong. We also exploit projective special Kähler geometry of vector multiplets scalar manifolds, the $U$-duality-invariant quartic structure (and 2-polarizations thereof) in order to retrieve and generalize various expressions of the entropy of asymptotically AdS$_{4}$ BPS black holes, in the cases in which the scalar manifolds are symmetric spaces. Finally, we present a novel static extremal black hole solution to the $STU$ model, in which the dilaton interpolates between an hyperbolic near-horizon geometry and AdS$_{4}$ at infinity.
description: 58 pages,0 figures
A Reverse Non-Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics (RNEMD) Algorithm for Coupled Mass and Heat Transport in Mixtures
Creators: name: Drisko, Cody R.
name: Gezelter, J. Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method for introducing stable non-equilibrium concentration gradients in molecular dynamics simulations of mixtures. This method extends earlier Reverse Non-Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics (RNEMD) methods which use kinetic energy scaling moves to create temperature or velocity gradients. In the new scaled particle flux (SPF-RNEMD) algorithm, energies and forces are computed simultaneously for a molecule existing in two non-adjacent regions of a simulation box, and the system evolves under a linear combination of these interactions. A continuously increasing particle scaling variable is responsible for migration of the molecule between the regions as the simulation progresses, allowing for simulations under an applied particle flux. To test the method, we investigate diffusivity in mixtures of identical, but distinguishable particles, and in a simple mixture of multiple Lennard-Jones particles. The resulting concentration gradients provide Fick diffusion constants for mixtures. We also discuss using the new method to obtain coupled transport properties using simultaneous particle and thermal fluxes to compute the temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient and activation energies for diffusion from a single simulation. Lastly, we demonstrate the use of this new method in interfacial systems by computing the diffusive permeability for a molecular fluid moving through a nanoporous graphene membrane.
description: 55 pages (39 + 16 of supporting information), 10 figures (+ 8 in supporting information)
Constraining the Konoplya-Rezzolla-Zhidenko deformation parameters III: limits from stellar-mass black holes using gravitational-wave observations
Creators: name: Shashank, Swarnim
name: Bambi, Cosimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational-wave observations of binary black holes provide a suitable arena to test the fundamental nature of gravity in the strong-field regime. Using the data of the inspiral of 29 events detected by the LIGO-Virgo observatories, we perform a theory-agnostic test of the Kerr hypothesis. We compute the leading-order deviation to the gravitational waves emitted in the frequency domain and provide constraints on two deformation parameters ($δ_1$ and $δ_2$) belonging to a general class of axisymmetric non-Kerr black hole spacetimes proposed by Konoplya, Rezzolla & Zhidenko. Our study shows that all the analyzed events are consistent with the Kerr hypothesis. The LIGO-Virgo data provide stronger constraints on $δ_1$ and $δ_2$ than those obtained in our previous studies with X-ray data (Papers I and II), while, on the other hand, they cannot constrain the other deformation parameters of the Konoplya-Rezzolla-Zhidenko metric ($δ_3$, $δ_4$, $δ_5$, and $δ_6$).
description: 11 pages, 2 figures. v2: refereed version
The Association of Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence and Employment Status in Men and Women from Low-, Middle- and High-Income Countries : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Nachega, Jean B.
name: Uthman, Olalekan A.
name: Peltzer, Karl
name: Richardson, Lindsey, 1977-
name: Mills, Edward J.
name: Amekudzi, Kofi
name: Ouédraogo, Alice
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between employment status of HIV-infected individuals and antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. METHODS: We searched the following databases from January 1980 to September 2014 for studies reporting ART adherence and employment status: MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCI Web of Science, NLM Gateway and Google scholar, and performed a manual search of the retrieved articles’ bibliographies. Two independent reviewers extracted data on adherence and study characteristics. A random-effects model was performed to pool measures of association. Sensitivity, heterogeneity, and publication bias were also assessed. FINDINGS: Of 172 eligible articles, 28 studies involving 8,743 HIV-infected individuals were included. Eight studies were carried out in the United States, and three studies each were carried out in Ethiopia, India and South Africa. The meta-analysis yielded a pooled Odds Ratio of 1.85 (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.58 to 2.28, p-value=0.0001) demonstrating that employed HIV-infected patients from low-income countries had greater odds of having achieved optimal antiretroviral adherence than unemployed patients. The association was not significant for studies from middle-income countries (OR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.62 to 1.42, p-value = 0.76) and was significant among studies from high-income countries (OR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.74, p-value = 0.03). In addition, the magnitude of the association between employment status and optimal ART adherence decreased with increasing year of publication. CONCLUSION: HIV-infected individuals who were currently employed (mainly from low- and high-income countries) at the time of the study were more likely to have achieved optimal ART adherence than their unemployed counterparts. Further research is needed to shed lights about specific mechanisms by which employment status impacts HIV treatment adherence as well as on the effectiveness of employment creation program interventions to positively impact HIV treatment adherence, disease progression and quality of life.
Novos documentos sobre as encomendas artísticas do 1.º marquês de Fronteira, D. João de Mascarenhas. Decoração, colecções e arquitectura nos palácios de Lisboa na 2.ª metade do século XVII
Creators: name: Soromenho, Miguel
Publisher: name: Revista de Artes Decorativas
Year: 2011

description: D. João de Mascarenhas, 1.º marquês de Fronteira, foi um dos mais esclarecidos mecenas portugueses da 2.ª metade do século XVII. Através de uma rede de intermediários em toda a Europa adquiriu um importante conjunto de produtos de luxo e de obras de arte, destinados maioritariamente ao seu palácio de Benfica. As cartas inéditas aqui publicadas revelam estas diversificadas aquisições nos mercados do Norte – Flandres, Países-Baixos e Inglaterra –, servindo ainda de pretexto para discutir a possível ligação de novas tipologias arquitectónicas à necessidade de “dar a ver” estas colecções recém-constituídas.
description: Revista de Artes Decorativas, n. 5 (2011)
Roma em Lisboa: as artes decorativas no contexto das obras de arte enviadas da cidade pontifícia para a capital portuguesa no reinado de D. João V
Creators: name: Vale, Teresa Leonor M.
Publisher: name: Revista de Artes Decorativas
Year: 2011

description: Entre a vasta documentação com origem na embaixada de Portugal em Roma durante o reinado de D. João V que se conserva na Biblioteca da Ajuda e da qual nos temos ocupado nos últimos anos, no âmbito de uma investigação essencialmente vocacionada para o melhor conhecimento do fenómeno da importação de obras de escultura e de ourivesaria barroca italiana para o nosso país, foi-nos dado localizar um conjunto documental que se nos afi gurou merecer por si só uma abordagem autónoma. É o que nos propomos efectuar no presente texto, o qual possui como ponto de partida cinco listagens de caixas e respectivos conteúdos expedidos de Roma com destino a Lisboa, nos anos de 1741, 1744, 1745, 1748/1749 e 1750. Entre o vastíssimo elenco de obras de arte então enviadas para Portugal, denunciando o intenso gosto pela arte italiana (e muito em particular romana) que caracterizou todo o reinado do Magnânimo, reconheceremos e centraremos a nossa atenção nas artes decorativas, procurando identifi car obras e seu respectivo destino, entre desaparecimentos e sobrevivências.
description: Revista de Artes Decorativas, n. 5 (2011)
O regimento do ofício de ladrilhadores da cidade de Lisboa
Creators: name: Carvalho, Rosário Salema De
Publisher: name: Revista de Artes Decorativas
Year: 2011

description: A descoberta do Regimento do Ofício de Ladrilhadores da cidade de Lisboa, datado de 1608, cujo conteúdo é agora revelado, permite compreender melhor alguns dos contornos do ofício de ladrilhador e acompanhar a história destes artífices até à segunda metade do século XVIII. Por outro lado, a acta de uma votação com data de 1736, assinada pelos quarenta e dois ladrilhadores que nela tomaram parte activa, permite acrescentar novos dados às biografias que já eram conhecidas e assim ir relacionando o mundo dos artífices com o das obras ou dos revestimentos azulejares, refazendo uma teia que o tempo desfez e que cabe hoje aos investigadores recuperar.
description: Revista de Artes Decorativas, n. 5 (2011)
The study on the mechanism of how the genetic variant cause the defect in uric acid metabolism leading to hyperuricemia and gout
Creators: name: 迟静薇(Jingwei Chi)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2024
Subjects: Exome
Multiisolate
Medical

description: The aim of the study is to identify the genetic variants in hereditary gout family and to elucidate the mechanism of how they cause hyperuricemia and gout.
A prata elvense nas contribuições de 1807-1808 e 1834
Creators: name: Grancho, Nuno
Publisher: name: Revista de Artes Decorativas
Year: 2011

description: A análise que aqui propomos vem de algum modo suscitar a importância que determinadas ausências, no âmbito da ourivesaria da prata, detêm para a (re)construção de possíveis cenários artísticos anteriores ao universo religioso do Portugal oitocentista. É disso exemplo a prata cedida pelas diversas instituições religiosas da antiga Diocese de Elvas, no decorrer da primeira metade do século XIX, nomeadamente, por ocasião da Guerra Peninsular, ou, posteriormente, aquando da lei da Extinção das Ordens Religiosas no ano de 1834.
description: Revista de Artes Decorativas, n. 5 (2011)
A encadernação do Foral de Viana da Foz de Lima, dado por D. Manuel a 1 de Junho de 1512. Reflexões a propósito da sua reencadernação
Creators: name: Seixas, Maria Margarida Cunha
Publisher: name: Revista de Artes Decorativas
Year: 2011

description: Revista de Artes Decorativas, n. 5 (2011)
A Tale of Two Circularization Periods
Creators: name: Zanazzi, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-analyze the pristine eclipsing binary data from the $\textit{Kepler}$ and TESS missions, focusing on eccentricity measurements at short orbital periods to emperically constrain tidal circularization. We find an average circularization period of $~$6 days, as well as a short circularization period of $\sim$3 days for the $\textit{Kepler}$/TESS field binaries. We argue previous spectroscopic binary surveys reported longer circularization periods due to small sample sizes, which were contaminated by an abundance of binaries with circular orbits out to $\sim$10 days, but we re-affirm their data shows a difference between the eccentricity distributions of young ($$3 Gyr) binaries. Our work calls into question the long circularization periods quoted often in the literature.
description: Main text 9 pages, 13 including appendix, 8 Figures, submitted to ApJL
The XYZ$^2$ hexagonal stabilizer code
Creators: name: Srivastava, Basudha
name: Kockum, Anton Frisk
name: Granath, Mats
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a topological stabilizer code on a honeycomb grid, the "XYZ$^2$" code. The code is inspired by the Kitaev honeycomb model and is a simple realization of a "matching code" discussed by Wootton [J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 48, 215302 (2015)], with a specific implementation of the boundary. It utilizes weight-six ($XYZXYZ$) plaquette stabilizers and weight-two ($XX$) link stabilizers on a planar hexagonal grid composed of $2d^2$ qubits for code distance $d$, with weight-three stabilizers at the boundary, stabilizing one logical qubit. We study the properties of the code using maximum-likelihood decoding, assuming perfect stabilizer measurements. For pure $X$, $Y$, or $Z$ noise, we can solve for the logical failure rate analytically, giving a threshold of 50%. In contrast to the rotated surface code and the XZZX code, which have code distance $d^2$ only for pure $Y$ noise, here the code distance is $2d^2$ for both pure $Z$ and pure $Y$ noise. Thresholds for noise with finite $Z$ bias are similar to the XZZX code, but with markedly lower sub-threshold logical failure rates. The code possesses distinctive syndrome properties with unidirectional pairs of plaquette defects along the three directions of the triangular lattice for isolated errors, which may be useful for efficient matching-based or other approximate decoding.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Paul Mallet (1761?-1844), ourives francês com Fábrica de Bijuteria na Rua Áurea, em Lisboa
Creators: name: Pereira, Maria Luísa De Sousa Villarinho
Publisher: name: Revista de Artes Decorativas
Year: 2011

description: Revista de Artes Decorativas, n. 5 (2011)
The Museum of Johannes Hevelius and Gdańsk Science in the Attics of St. Catherine’s Church in Gdansk – the Johannes Hevelius Year Celebration
Creators: name: Ratajczyk-Piątkowska, Elżbieta
name: Piątkowska, Ksenia
Publisher: name: Faculty of Architecture, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2012
Subjects: museum, St. Catherine, "empty churches"

description: ARCHITECTUS; ISSN 1429-7507
$U(1)$ gauged boson stars in the Einstein-Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin model
Creators: name: Kunz, J.
name: Loiko, V.
name: Shnir, Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider spherically symmetric $U(1)$ gauged boson stars in the two-component scalar Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin model with a symmetry breaking potential in 3+1 dimensional spacetime. Depending on the relative strength of gravity and the electromagnetic interaction, the resulting boson stars exhibit either the typical properties of ungauged boson stars, or their behavior resembles the pattern found for gauged Q-balls of the Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin model in flat spacetime, both for a finite and a vanishing potential.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Physicochemical properties of the Novel Biphasic Hydroxyapatite – magnesium phosphate biomaterial
Creators: name: Pijocha, Dawid
name: Zima, Aneta
name: Paszkiewicz, Zofia
name: Ślósarczyk, Anna
Publisher: name: Institute of Machine Design and Operation, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2013
Subjects: composite, bone substitute, hydroxyapatite, magnesium phosphate cement

description: Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 03/2013; ISSN 1509-409X
Dentinogenesis imperfect - hardness and Young’s Modulus of teeth
Creators: name: Wieczorek, Aneta
name: Loster, Jolanta
name: Ryniewicz, Wojciech
name: Ryniewicz, Anna M.
Publisher: name: Institute of Machine Design and Operation, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2013
Subjects: Nanoindentation, Enamel, Dentinogenesis imperfecta

description: Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 03/2013; ISSN 1509-409X