cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Removal of phosphate at low concentration from water by porous PVA/Al2O3 composites
Creators: name: Xiaohu Li
name: Xiaoya Hu
name: Yuzheng Fu
name: Huiying Ai
name: Ming-Lai Fu
name: Baoling Yuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: The porous polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/Al2O3 composite by supporting activated alumina on the cross-linked network of PVA has been successfully prepared and its property for the removal of phosphate in aqueous solution was also evaluated. The structure of the PVA/Al2O3 was examined by scanning electron microscopy. It showed that the activated alumina particles with an average size of 1 μm were evenly dispersed and fixed in the cross-linked network structure of PVA. The effects of adsorption time, solution temperature, pH, initial concentration of phosphate, Al2O3 loading rate, dosage and coexisting ions on the phosphate removal were further studied. The results showed that the highest removal phosphate efficiency of 95% can be obtained with the Al2O3 loading rate of PVA/Al2O3 being 60 wt.% at pH of 4 at 30 °C. The maximum adsorption capacities of PO43− by PVA/Al2O3 suggested by the Langmuir isothermal model was 10.12 mg/g. The adsorption process of phosphate can be fit well with a pseudo-second-order model (R 2 = 0.9900). The PVA/Al2O3 composite exhibited a high selective adsorption of phosphate in the presence of commonly coexisting anions except the obvious effect of CO32− in water. Meanwhile, the PVA/Al2O3 composite can be easily separated and recovered due to the granulation of adsorbent. PVA/Al2O3 composite also shows the excellent properties of regeneration and recycling use with the removal efficiency of phosphate was 88.93%, 88.38% and 94.34% after three cycles, respectively. It can be proposed that the PVA/Al2O3 composite is a promising recyclable adsorbent for removing phosphate at low concentration from aqueous solution.
An investigation into the basis on which investment in apple orchards should be made: based at the C.W.S. Cockayne Hatley Estate
Creators: name: R.H. Wadge
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: An investigation into the basis on which investment in apple orchards should be made: based at the C.W.S. Cockayne Hatley Estate
Package for Calculations and Simplifications of Expressions with Dirac Matrixes (MatrixExp)
Creators: name: Poghosyan, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes a package for calculations of expressions with Dirac matrixes. Advantages to existing similar packages are described. MatrixExp package is intended for simplification of complex expressions involving $γ$-matrixes, providing such tools as automatic Feynman parameterization, integration in $d$-dimensional space, sorting and grouping of results in a given order. Also, in comparison with existing similar package Tracer, presented package MatrixExp has more enhanced input possibility. User-available functions of MatrixExp package are described in detail. Also an example of calculation of Feynman diagram for process $b\to sγg$ with application of functions of MatrixExp package is presented.
Implantation of labelled single nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond using 15N
Creators: name: Rabeau*, J. R.
name: Reichart, P.
name: Tamanyan, G.
name: Jamieson, D. N.
name: Prawer, S.
name: Jelezko, F.
name: Gaebel, T.
name: Popa, I.
name: Domhan, M.
name: Wrachtrup, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nitrogen-vacancy (NV-) color centers in diamond were created by implantation of 7 keV 15N (I = 1/2) ions into type IIa diamond. Optically detected magnetic resonance was employed to measure the hyperfine coupling of the NV- centers. The hyperfine spectrum from 15NV- arising from implanted 15N can be distinguished from 14NV- centers created by native 14N (I = 1) sites. Analysis indicates 1 in 40 implanted 15N atoms give rise to an optically observable 15NV- center. This report ultimately demonstrates a mechanism by which the yield of NV- center formation by nitrogen implantation can be measured.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Applied Physics Letters
Magnetic and Metal-Insulator Transitions in beta-Na0.5CoO2 and gamma-K0.5CoO2 -NMR and Neutron Diffraction Studies-
Creators: name: Watanabe, H.
name: Mori, Y.
name: Yokoi, M.
name: Moyoshi, T.
name: Soda, M.
name: Yasui, Y.
name: Kobayashi, Y.
name: Sato, M.
name: Igawa, N.
name: Kakurai, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Co-oxides beta-Na0.5CoO2 and gamma-K0.5CoO2 have been prepared by the Na de-intercalation from alpha-NaCoO2 and by the floating-zone method, respectively. It has been found that successive phase transitions take place at temperatures Tc1 and Tc2 in both systems. The appearance of the internal magnetic field at Tc1 with decreasing temperature T indicates that the antiferromagnetic order exists at T < Tc1, as in gamma-Na0.5CoO2. For beta-Na0.5CoO2, the transition temperatures and the NMR parameters determined from the data taken for magnetically ordered state are similar to those of gamma-Na0.5CoO2, indicating that the difference of the stacking ways of the CoO2 layers between these systems do not significantly affect their physical properties. For gamma-K0.5CoO2, the quantitative difference of the physical quantities are found from those of beta- and gamma-Na0.5CoO2. The difference between the values of Tci (i = 1 and 2) of these systems might be explained by considering the distance between CoO2 layers.
description: 8 pages, 14 figures, 1 Table
Application of birnessite-type solids prepared by sol–gel and oxidation methods in photocatalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol
Creators: name: S. González-Morán
name: B. González
name: M. A. Vicente
name: R. Trujillano
name: V. Rives
name: A. Gil
name: S. A. Korili
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Potassium birnessites were prepared using two methods, sol–gel or oxidation. The solids were characterised by element chemical analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, FT-IR spectroscopy, thermal analyses, and nitrogen adsorption. The evolution of the properties as a function of the preparation method was discussed. The photocatalytic performance of these solids was preliminarily tested for the degradation of 4-nitrophenol. The degradation pathway and the nature of the by-products were investigated by mass spectrometry. The solids showed good catalytic behaviour, although their preparation must be improved, mainly concerning the calcination step involved in sol–gel synthesis, which led to the formation of Mn2O3 that worsened the catalytic behaviour.
Porous carbon supported calcium oxide for CO2 adsorption and separation of CO2/CH4
Creators: name: Jonnalagadda, Madhavi
name: Sobhy M. Ibrahim
name: Shair, Omar H. M.
name: Mutyala, Suresh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Hematology

description: Calcium oxide incorporated porous carbon materials were synthesized by the impregnation method to study CO2 adsorption and separation of CO2/CH4. The X-ray diffraction, Raman analysis, N2 isotherms at 77 K, and SEM with EDX analysis were used to characterize synthesized materials. XRD and N2 isotherm results have confirmed that synthesized carbon has porosity, and EDX analysis has reported that the presence of CaO on porous carbon. 10CaO/porous carbon has shown 31 cm3 g−1 of CO2 adsorption which was higher than bare porous carbon CO2 adsorption 17.5 cm3 g−1 at 298 K, 1 bar. It was attributed to electrostatic interaction between CaO and CO2. However, CH4 adsorption was decreased by a decrease in surface area. The selectivity of CO2/CH4 was higher for 10CaO/porous carbon and the heat of CO2 adsorption was 36 KJ/mol at high adsorption of CO2. Moreover, CO2 adsorption was the same in each adsorption cycle.
COST STRUCTURES OF PORK SLAUGHTER AND PROCESSING FIRMS: BEHAVIORAL AND PERFORMANCE IMPLICATIONS
Creators: name: Hayenga, Marvin L.
name: Hayenga, Marvin L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Agribusiness
Livestock Production/Industries

description: The cost structure of pork slaughter and processing plants and firms has significant behavioral and competitive implications. A survey of selected large slaughter and processing firms probed into fixed and variable costs for single and double shift plants, and capacity utilization and multiplant effects on cost levels. Behavioral implications are considered.
Spatio-temporal patterns driven by autocatalytic internal reaction noise
Creators: name: Hochberg, D.
name: Zorzano, M. -P.
name: Moran, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence that intrinsic local density fluctuations can have on solutions of mean-field reaction-diffusion models is investigated numerically by means of the spatial patterns arising from two species that react and diffuse in the presence of strong internal reaction noise. The dynamics of the Gray-Scott (GS) model with constant external source is first cast in terms of a continuum field theory representing the corresponding master equation. We then derive a Langevin description of the field theory and use these stochastic differential equations in our simulations. The nature of the multiplicative noise is specified exactly without recourse to assumptions and turns out to be of the same order as the reaction itself, and thus cannot be treated as a small perturbation. Many of the complex patterns obtained in the absence of noise for the GS model are completely obliterated by these strong internal fluctuations, but we find novel spatial patterns induced by this reaction noise in regions of parameter space that otherwise correspond to homogeneous solutions when fluctuations are not included.
description: 12 pages, 18 figures
Canadian agricultural biotechnology : risk assessment and the precautionary principle
Creators: name: Barrett, Katherine J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Crops developed through recombinant DNA techniques (known as "genetically modified", "genetically engineered" or here, "rDNA crops") are currently grown on almost 3 million hectares in Canada and almost 30 million hectares world-wide. While proponents claim rDNA crops will increase yields and reduce chemical inputs, critics point to potential environmental hazards such as gene escape, increased weed problems, non-target effects and greater reliance on chemical-based agriculture. Since the early 1980s the Canadian government has actively promoted agricultural biotechnology both through specific biotechnology "strategies" and through broader financial incentives and research programs. This promotional effort sought to boost the national economy by creating an internationally competitive and innovative agricultural sector. By the late 1980s, pressure from government, industry and (to a lesser extent) the environmental community prompted Agriculture Canada to develop regulations for agricultural biotechnology that would simultaneously provide assurance of environmental safety while encouraging continued development of the industry. The resulting policy framework—"science-based risk assessment"—has subsequently been used to demonstrate that rDNA crops are "safe". However, data used in risk assessments are generated by crop developers and are not publicly available. Detailed evaluation of the risk assessment for herbicide tolerant canola (obtained through the Access to Information and Privacy Act) revealed significant shortcomings in the depth and breadth of questions, methods of inquiry, analysis of data, and plausibility of conclusions. I contend that closed policy-making procedures among like interests, and long-term prior commitments to agricultural biotechnology by government and industry has fostered a risk assessment framework based primarily on economic and technical considerations. While policies derive legitimacy from a proclaimed "scientific" basis, in practice, the risk assessment is too narrow to encompass the complexities of releasing rDNA crops into ecosystems or the marketplace. More specifically, value assumptions embedded in current risk assessment policies constitute a significant barrier to implementing the Precautionary Principle, a legal and ethical framework which emphasises anticipatory action, development of alternatives and recognition of uncertainty. Effective environmental protection will require a broader decision-making framework (including definitions of "sound science") and wider participation. One means to achieve this goal is to encourage and reward long-term, interdisciplinary and participatory research within academic institutions.
Information Geometric Aspects of Probability Paths with Minimum Entropy Production for Quantum State Evolution
Creators: name: Gassner, Steven
name: Cafaro, Carlo
name: Ali, Sean A.
name: Alsing, Paul M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an information geometric analysis of both entropic speeds and entropy production rates arising from geodesic evolution on manifolds parametrized by pure quantum states. In particular, we employ pure states that emerge as outputs of suitably chosen su(2; C) time-dependent Hamiltonian operators that characterize analog quantum search algorithms of specific types. The su(2; C) Hamiltonian models under consideration are specified by external time-dependent magnetic fields within which spin-1/2 test particles are immersed. The positive definite Riemannian metrization of the parameter manifold is furnished by the Fisher information function. The Fisher information function is evaluated along parametrized squared probability amplitudes obtained from the temporal evolution of these spin-1/2 test particles. A minimum action approach is then utilized to induce the transfer of the quantum system from its initial state to its final state on the parameter manifold over a finite temporal interval. We demonstrate in an explicit manner that the minimal (that is, optimum) path corresponds to the shortest (that is, geodesic) path between the initial and final states. Furthermore, we show that the minimal path serves also to minimize the total entropy production occurring during the transfer of states. Finally, upon evaluating the entropic speed as well as the total entropy production along optimal transfer paths within several scenarios of physical interest in analog quantum searching algorithms, we demonstrate in a transparent quantitative manner a correspondence between a faster transfer and a higher rate of entropy production. We therefore conclude that higher entropic speed is associated with lower entropic efficiency within the context of quantum state transfer.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Nonthermal excitonic condensation near a spin-state transition
Creators: name: Werner, Philipp
name: Murakami, Yuta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a two-orbital Hubbard model with Hund coupling and crystal-field splitting and show that in the vicinity of the high-spin/low-spin transition, crystal-field quenches can induce an excitonic condensation at initial temperatures above the highest ordering temperature in equilibrium. This condensation is the effect of an increase in the spin entropy and an associated cooling of the effective electronic temperature. We identify a dynamical phase transition and show that such quenches can result in long-lived nonthermal excitonic condensates which have no analogue in the equilibrium phase diagram. The results are interpreted by means of an effective pseudo-spin model.
Ballisticity of nanotube FETs: Role of phonon energy and gate bias
Creators: name: Koswatta, Siyuranga O.
name: Hasan, Sayed
name: Lundstrom, Mark S.
name: Anantram, M. P.
name: Nikonov, Dmitri E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of electron-phonon scattering and gate bias in degrading the drive current of nanotube MOSFETs. Our central results are: (i) Optical phonon scattering significantly decreases the drive current only when gate voltage is higher than a well-defined threshold. It means that elastic scattering mechanisms are most detrimental to nanotube MOSFETs. (ii) For comparable mean free paths, a lower phonon energy leads to a larger degradation of drive current. Thus for semiconducting nanowire FETs, the drive current will be more sensitive than carbon nanotube FETs because of the smaller phonon energies in semiconductors. (iii) Radial breathing mode phonons cause an appreciable reduction in drive current.
description: 16 pages, 1 table, 4 figures
Factor Price Disparity in the Feeder Cattle Market and Retained Ownership Decision Making: An Application of Farm-Level Feed-Out Data
Creators: name: White, Brad J.
name: Anderson, John D.
name: White, Brad J.
name: Anderson, John D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This study uses farm-level data from a university feed-out program to evaluate how the value of feeder cattle ultimately realized through finishing and grid pricing differs from their market value at public auction. Results indicate that uncertainty related to feedlot performance, final carcass merits, and fed cattle prices likely contribute to significant risk premiums in the feeder cattle market. This is consistent with the theory of factor price disparity. This result indicates that producers of cattle with known feedlot performance and/or carcass potential may be better off retaining ownership of their calves or marketing them in a way that communicates the information that is known about their potential performance directly to the buyer.
Dynamical pairwise entanglement and two-point correlations in the three-ligand spin-star structure
Creators: name: Motamedifar, Mostafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the three-ligand spin-star structure through homogeneous Heisenberg interactions (XXX-3LSSS) in the framework of dynamical pairwise entanglement. It is shown that the time evolution of the central qubit "one-particle" state (COPS) results in the generation of quantum W states at periodical time instants. On the contrary, W states cannot be generated from the time evolution of a ligand "one-particle" state (LOPS). We also investigate the dynamical behavior of two-point quantum correlations as well as the expectation values of the different spin-components for each element in the XXX-3LSSS. It is found that when a W state is generated, the same value of concurrence among all qubits arises from xx and yy two-point quantum correlations. On the opposite, zz quantum correlation between any two qubits vanishes at these time instants.
description: 13 pages, 18 figures
Quantum entanglement and wedge product
Creators: name: Heydari, Hoshang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, I will derive a measure of entanglement that coincides with the generalized concurrence for a general pure bi-and three-partite state based on wedge product. I will show that a further generalization of this idea to a general pure multipartite state with more than three subsystems will fail to quantify entanglement, but it defines the set of separable state for such composite state.
description: 6 pages
Optimal Institutional Mechanisms for Funding Generic Advertising: An Experimental Analysis
Creators: name: Messer, Kent D.
name: Schmit, Todd M.
name: Kaiser, Harry M.
name: Messer, Kent D.
name: Schmit, Todd M.
name: Kaiser, Harry M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Given the uncertain legal status of generic advertising programs for agricultural commodities, alternative voluntary funding institutions are investigated hat could provide a high level of benefits to producers. This experimental study simulates key economic and psychological factors that affect producer contributions to generic advertising. The results suggests that producer referendum play a critical role in increasing contributions and that producer surplus is maximized by a Provision Point Mechanism instituted by producer referendum with thresholds ranging from 68% to 90%, and expected funding from 47% to 77% of the time, depending on the level of advertising effectiveness.
Advanced oxidation processes for waste water treatment: from laboratory-scale model water to on-site real waste water
Creators: name: Mahy, Julien G.
name: Wolfs, Cédric
name: Vreuls, Christelle
name: Drot, Stéphane
name: Dircks, Sophia
name: Boergers, Andrea
name: Tuerk, Jochen
name: Hermans, Sophie
name: Lambert, Stéphanie D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: A process combining three steps has been developed as a tertiary treatment for waste water in order to remove micropollutants not eliminated by a conventional waste water treatment plant (WWTP). These three processes are ozonation, photocatalysis and granulated activated carbon adsorption. This process has been developed through three scales: laboratory, pilot and pre-industrial scale. At each scale, its efficiency has been assessed on different waste waters: laboratory-made water, industrial waste water (one from a company cleaning textiles and another from a company preparing culture media, both being in continuous production mode) and municipal waste water. At laboratory scale, a TiO2-based photocatalytic coating has been produced and the combination of ozonation-UVC photocatalytic treatment has been evaluated on the laboratory-made water containing 22 micropollutants. The results showed an efficient activity leading to complete or partial degradation of all compounds and an effective carbon for residual micropollutant adsorption was highlighted. Experiments at pilot scale (100 L of water treated at 500 L/h from a tank of 200 L) corroborated the results obtained at laboratory scale. Moreover, tests on municipal waste water showed a decrease in toxicity, measured on Daphnia Magma, and a decrease in micropollutant concentration after treatment. Finally, a pre-industrial container was built and evaluated as a tertiary treatment at the WWTP Duisburg-Vierlinden. It is shown that the main parameters for the efficiency of the process are the flow rate and the light intensity. The photocatalyst plays a role by degrading the more resistant micropollutants. Adsorption permits an overall elimination >95% of all molecules detected.
Massless fermionic bound states and the gauge/gravity correspondence
Creators: name: Argurio, Riccardo
name: Ferretti, Gabriele
name: Petersson, Christoffer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the equations of motion of fermions in type IIB supergravity in the context of the gauge/gravity correspondence. The main motivation is the search for normalizable fermionic zero modes in such backgrounds, to be interpreted as composite massless fermions in the dual theory. We specialize to backgrounds characterized by a constant dilaton and a self-dual three-form. In the specific case of the Klebanov--Strassler solution we construct explicitly the fermionic superpartner of the Goldstone mode associated with the broken baryonic symmetry. The fermionic equations could also be used to search for goldstinos in theories that break supersymmetry dynamically.
description: 25 pages. V2: ref. added; V3: ref. added
The Multi-Agent Programming Contest: A résumé
Creators: name: Ahlbrecht, Tobias
name: Dix, Jürgen
name: Fiekas, Niklas
name: Krausburg, Tabajara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Multi-Agent Programming Contest, MAPC, is an annual event organized since 2005 out of Clausthal University of Technology. Its aim is to investigate the potential of using decentralized, autonomously acting intelligent agents, by providing a complex scenario to be solved in a competitive environment. For this we need suitable benchmarks where agent-based systems can shine. We present previous editions of the contest and also its current scenario and results from its use in the 2019 MAPC with a special focus on its suitability. We conclude with lessons learned over the years.
description: Submitted to the proceedings of the Multi-Agent Programming Contest 2019, to appear in Springer Lect. Notes Computer Challenges Series https://www.springer.com/series/16528
The Determinants of US Outgoing FDI in the Food-Processing Sector
Creators: name: Xun, Lei
name: Awokuse, Titus O.
name: Xun, Lei
name: Awokuse, Titus O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Global economic growth has led to an increase of FDI activity in the agro-food sector, which together with the increased FDI in the manufacturing sector, has generated increased FDI activity in food processing. This paper fills a gap in the literature on the role of FDI by extending the recent Knowledge-Capital (CMM) model of multinational enterprises to the food processing sector. Following the CMM model, this paper analyzed the determinants of US outgoing FDI in the food processing sector using data on developed countries over the period 1983 -2002. The result suggests that economy size, factor endowment, home country trade cost and host country investment cost have significant effect on FDI activity in the food processing sector. Only weak empirical evidence was found for the effect of exchange rate, food price and corruption level.
Photocatalytic removal of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid from aqueous solution using tungsten oxide doped zinc oxide nanoparticles immobilised on glass beads
Creators: name: Zandsalimi, Yahya
name: Maleki, Afshin
name: Shahmoradi, Behzad
name: Dehestani, Saeed
name: Rezaee, Reza
name: McKay, Gordon
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Groundwater is the only source of high quality water for human consumption in most parts of the world; however, it can be easily contaminated by domestic, industrial, and agricultural wastes such as fertilisers and pesticides. The main objective of the present research was to study the photocatalytic removal of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid pesticide (2,4-D) from aqueous media. This was a laboratory scale study in which the zinc oxide nanoparticles were doped with 0.5, 1, and 2 molar percent of tungsten oxide. The nanoparticles synthesised were characterised using powder XRD, SEM, FTIR, and UV-Vis Spectroscopy analyses. During the photodegradation of 2,4-D, the operational parameters studied were pH, nanoparticles dosage, initial pesticide concentration, light intensity, contact time, and the mineralisation trend of organic matter. It was found that the doped nanoparticles had a smaller band gap energy, which confirms the effect of doping. The percentage of the dopant can affect the pesticide removal efficiency. The optimal pH value obtained was 7. In addition, the process efficiency, increased from 27% to 78% with increasing UV light intensity from 172 to 505 W/m2 respectively. Moreover, it was found that, with increasing light intensity, contact time and nanoparticle concentration all caused the pesticide removal efficiency to be increased too. In addition, the increase of the pesticide concentration would cause a reduction in the process removal efficiency. This study indicated that the photocatalytic process using tungsten doped zinc oxide nanoparticles can remove the 2,4-D pesticide by around 80% from the aquatic environment.
The mass, spin and rotational energy of the remnant black holes from compact binary mergers
Creators: name: Deng, Can-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, many gravitational wave events from compact binary mergers have been detected by LIGO. Determining the final mass and spin of the remnant black holes (RBHs) is a fundamental issue and is also important in astrophysics. In this paper, unified models for predicting the final mass and spin of the RBHs from compact binary mergers is proposed. The models achieve a good accuracy within the parameter range of interest. In addition, the rotational energy of the RBHs is also studied which is relevant to the electromagnetic counterparts of the mergers. It is found the distribution of the rotational energy of the RBHs from different types of mergers of compact binary has its own characteristics, which might help identify the electromagnetic counterparts associated with the mergers.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted to MNRAS
RNA polymerase II holoenzyme-mediated regulation of GAL4
Creators: name: Hirst, John Martin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Much of the current understanding of eukaryotic transcriptional regulation is based on insights gained through the use of model systems. The premier transcriptional model system is galactose metabolism in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, regulated by the transcriptional activator GAL4. Regulation by GAL4 involves a number of mechanisms that act to ensure that galactose is catabolized when available, but that glucose is used preferentially. One such mechanism involves phosphorylation of GAL4 at serine 699. Phosphorylation at S699 is required for efficient galactose-inducible transcription of the GAL genes, but occurs as a consequence of transcriptional activation by GAL4. This has led to the hypothesis that phosphorylation occurs through interaction with RNA polymerase II holoenzyme components. The experiments described in this thesis determine the role of RNA polymerase II holoenzyme-associated kinases in phosphorylation of GAL4, and investigate the mechanism through which phosphorylation at S699 affects induction. Data presented here demonstrate that GAL4 S699 is a substrate for the cyclin dependent protein kinase SRBTO. S699 phosphorylation requires SRB10 in vivo, and this site is phosphorylated by purified SRB10/ SRB11 in vitro. RNA polymerase II holoenzymes purified from WT yeast phosphorylate GAL4 at sites observed in vivo, whereas holoenzymes from srblO yeast are incapable of phosphorylating GAL4 at S699. SRB10 is required for efficient GAL induction and is shown to be epistatic to S699 phosphorylation. To investigate interactions between GAL4 and it's regulator GAL80, a two-hybrid based strategy was devised and used to demonstrate that S699 phosphorylation may regulate interaction between GAL4 and GAL80 in vivo. These data define a function for the SRB10 holoenzyme-associated CDK8 that involves regulation of transactivators by phosphorylation during transcriptional activation.
High dye removal capacity of Peniophora laxitexta immobilized in a combined support based on polyurethane foam and lignocellulosic substrates
Creators: name: Majul, Leonardo
name: Wirth, Sonia
name: Levin, Laura
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Dye removal from effluents is a major problem for most textile industries. At present, wastewater treatments are currently based on physico-chemical methods which are expensive, energy inefficient and of limited versatility. The aim of this work was to find a low-cost and efficient method for dye removal. To do this, we designed a combined system based on the immobilization of the ligninolytic white-rot fungus Peniophora laxitexta (BAFC 4687) on mixed supports consisting of two polyurethane foam discs and a middle layer of diverse lignocellulosic substrates: soybean hulls, wheat straw or cellulose spent casings. As a corticioid fungus, P. laxitexta was able to completely colonize the supports developing a compact and tight structure that maintained the integrity of the system after several dye removal cycles. The immobilized fungus removed between 30% and 50% of the azoic dye Xylidine and more than 50% of the anthraquinonic dye RBBR in three successive cycles, and near 90% of the triphenylmethane Malachite Green in 10 repeated cycles without any loss of efficiency. Our analysis showed that the removal of the dyes was due to the combined effect of adsorption to the supports and enzymatic decolorization by soluble laccases and enzymes associated with the mycelium. Additionally, we showed that the presence of Malachite Green induced the expression of a new laccase isoform with high decolorization capacity. Based on these results, we propose that this inoculated laminar biocarrier could be effectively used for dye removal in textile wastewater.
Characterisation, adsorption and desorption of ammonium and nitrate of biochar derived from different feedstocks
Creators: name: Makhosazana P. Aghoghovwia
name: Hardie, Ailsa G.
name: Rozanov, Andrei B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Biochar is known to be a highly adsorptive material, especially when the biochar is altered by activation to further increase its sorption ability. Little information, however, is available on the potential reversibility of both ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−) sorption on the inherent biochar pH. The objective of our study was to characterise biochars made using different pyrolysis conditions from five various plant materials and rubber tyre, and to use them to investigate the biochar properties responsible for NH4+ and NO3− adsorption and desorption. The rubber tyre, maize stover and sugarcane pith were the weakest adsorbing biochars (5.7–7.8 mg g−1) and best described by the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The grape pip, grape skin and pine wood biochars had adsorption capacities in the range 8.3–9.4 mg NH4+ g−1 and best described by a linear adsorption isotherm at 100 mg L−1. The NH4+ adsorption results were associated with physisorption which implies that they can act as slow release NH4+ fertilisers if NH4+ is bioavailable. The six biochars had NO3− adsorption capacities in the range 15.2–15.9 mg g−1 and were well fitted to the linear adsorption isotherm at 100 mg L−1. All six biochars had a stronger NO3− removal affinity (82–89%) compared to NH4+ (33–39%). Adsorbed nitrate was not desorbable (0.01–0.23%) compared to adsorbed NH4+ which was 53–60% desorbable. The desorption result was possibly due to NO3− competing redox reactions or NO3− being too strongly adsorbed for extraction. Desorption of NH4+ was associated with biochar net negative pH values and volatilisation of ammonia.
Regional Short Run Effects of Trade Liberalization in Brazil
Creators: name: Bittencourt, Maurício Vaz Lobo
name: Larson, Donald W.
name: Kraybill, David S.
name: Bittencourt, Maurício Vaz Lobo
name: Larson, Donald W.
name: Kraybill, David S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This study evaluates the regional short run impacts of reduction in import tariffs in Brazil on poverty and distribution of income related to recent free trade area agreements. Results show that trade can reduce inter-regional income inequality, but poor urban households lose with trade liberalization.
Government Transfers and Poverty Transition in Metro and Nonmetro Areas: A Survival Analysis
Creators: name: Ulimwengu, John M.
name: Ulimwengu, John M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Most of the studies on poverty dynamics fail to assess explicitly the role of government transfers on movements into and out of poverty while formally accounting for difference between metro and nonmetro areas. In this paper the dynamics on and off poverty is estimated using a discrete duration model where the exit from and entry into poverty refer to a temporal sequence in which the passage of time is combined with events marking transitions between different poverty states. Extending the current literature, I assessed the impact of different government transfers under the welfare program, including training programs, on the probability of exit from and entry into poverty in metro and nonmetro areas. Controlling for both individual and geographical characteristics, the results suggest that different government transfer programs yield different results depending on the location where the transfers are made. In addition, this study explicitly derives the impact of welfare reform undertaken in 1996. With respect to the 1996 reform, the study shows that outcomes differ from one program to another; here too, the distribution of 1996 reform varies across geographical locations, especially between urban and rural areas. Summing up these findings, this study provides additional evidence in favor of space-based antipoverty policies. Indeed, since the impacts are not homogeneous across locations, geographical targeting that account for individual characteristics should increase the efficiency of welfare program as instrument for poverty alleviation.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 07/28/05.
Kinematics of the Galactic Halo from Horizontal Branch stars in the Hamburg/ESO Survey
Creators: name: Thom, Christopher
name: Flynn, Chris
name: Bessell, Michael S.
name: Hanninen, Jyrki
name: Beers, Timothy C.
name: Christlieb, Norbert
name: James, Dionne
name: Holmberg, Johan
name: Gibson, Brad K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large samples of Field Horizontal Branch (FHB) stars make excellent tracers of the Galactic halo; by studying their kinematics, one can infer important physical properties of our Galaxy. Here we present the results of a medium-resolution spectroscopic survey of 530 FHB stars selected from the Hamburg/ESO survey. The stars have a mean distance of ~7 kpc and thus probe the inner parts of the Milky Way halo. We measure radial velocities from the spectra in order to test the model of Sommer-Larsen et al., who suggested that the velocity ellipsoid of the halo changes from radially-dominated orbits to tangentially-dominated orbits as one proceeds from the inner to the outer halo. We find that the present data are unable to discriminate between this model and a more simple isothermal ellipsoid; we suggest that additional observations towards the Galactic centre might help to differentiate them.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Bias Dependent Variability of Low Frequency Noise in Single Layer Graphene FETs
Creators: name: Mavredakis, Nikolaos
name: Cortadella, Ramon Garcia
name: Illa, Xavi
name: Schaefer, Nathan
name: Calia, Andrea Bonaccini
name: Guimera-Brunet, Anton
name: Garrido, Jose Antonio
name: Jimenez, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-frequency noise (LFN) variability in graphene transistors (GFETs) is for the first time researched in this work. LFN from an adequate statistical sample of long-channel solution-gated single-layer GFETs is measured in a wide range of operating conditions while a physics-based analytical model is derived that accounts for the bias dependence of LFN variance with remarkable performance. It is theoretically proved and experimentally validated that LFN deviations in GFETs stem from physical mechanisms that generate LFN. Thus, carrier number DN due to trapping/detrapping process and mobility fluctuations Dm which are the main causes of LFN, define its variability likewise as its mean value. DN accounts for an M-shape of normalized LFN variance versus gate bias with a minimum at the charge neutrality point (CNP) as it was the case for normalized LFN mean value while Dm contributes only near the CNP for both variance and mean value. Trap statistical nature is experimentally shown to differ from classical Poisson distribution at silicon-oxide devices, and this is probably caused by electrolyte interface in GFETs under study. Overall, GFET technology development is still in a premature stage which might cause pivotal inconsistencies affecting the scaling laws in GFETs of the same process.
Does Uncertainty Matter: An Application to the Willingness to Pay to Reduce Swimming Bans in Chicago
Creators: name: Shaikh, Sabina L.
name: Shaikh, Sabina L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: Using a survey of Chicago beachgoers, this research examines the effect of uncertain response options on the willingness to pay to reduce swimming bans. Various recoding options are tested and implemented, as well as multinomial model for choice. Estimates are compared to those from a dataset with certainty, as well as to those from revealed preference methods. The reasons and sources for uncertainty are explored and compared across samples.
Extended Derivative Dispersion Relations
Creators: name: Avila, R. F.
name: Menon, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that, for a wide class of functions with physical interest as forward scattering amplitudes, integral dispersion relations can be replaced by derivative forms without any high-energy approximation. The applicability of these extended derivative relations, in the investigation of forward proton-proton and antiproton-proton elastic scattering, is exemplified by means of a Pomeron-Reggeon model with totally nondegenerate trajectories.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, contribution to "Sense of Beauty in Physics", Miniconference in Honor of Adriano Di Giacomo on his 70th Birthday, Pisa, Italy, Jan. 26-27, 2006
Turbulent, pinned superfluids in neutron stars and pulsar glitch recoveries
Creators: name: Haskell, Brynmor
name: Antonopoulou, Danai
name: Barenghi, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsar glitches offer an insight into the dynamics of superfluids in the high density interior of a neutron star. To model these phenomena, however, one needs to have an understanding of the dynamics of a turbulent array of superfluid vortices moving through a pinning lattice. In this paper we develop a theoretical approach to describe vortex mediated mutual friction in a pinned, turbulent and rotating superfluid. Our model is then applied to the study of the post glitch rotational evolution in the Vela pulsar and in PSR J0537-6910. We show that in both cases a turbulent model fits the evolution of the spin frequency derivative better than a laminar one. We also predict that the second derivative of the frequency after a glitch should be correlated with the waiting time since the previous glitch, which we find to be consistent with observational data for these pulsars. The main conclusion of this paper is that in the post-glitch rotational evolution of these two pulsars we are most likely observing the response to the glitch of a pinned turbulent region of the star (possibly the crust) and not the laminar response of a regular straight vortex array.
description: Submitted to MNRAS
Optimal Visible Compression Rate For Mixed States Is Determined By Entanglement Of Purification
Creators: name: Hayashi, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement of purification was introduced by Terhal et al. for characterizing the bound of the generation of correlated states from maximally entangled states with sublinear size of classical communication. On the other hand, M. Horodecki obtained the optimal compression rate with a mixed states ensemble in the visible setting. In this paper, we prove that the optimal visible compression rate for mixed states is equal to the limit of the regularized entanglement of purification of the state corresponding to the given ensemble. This result gives a new interpretation to the entanglement of purification.
description: 5 pages