cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mass-imbalanced Three-body Systems in 2D: bound states and the analytical approach to the adiabatic potential
Creators: name: Bellotti, F. F.
name: Frederico, T.
name: Yamashita, M. T.
name: Fedorov, D. V.
name: Jensen, A. S.
name: Zinner, N. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-body systems in two dimensions with zero-range interactions are considered for general masses and interaction strengths. The problem is formulated in momentum space and the numerical solution of the Schrödinger equation is used to study universal properties of such systems with respect to the bound-state energies. The number of universal bound states is represented in a form of boundaries in a mass-mass diagram. The number of bound states is strongly mass dependent and increases as one particle becomes much lighter than the other ones. This behavior is understood through an accurate analytical approximation to the adiabatic potential for one light particle and two heavy ones.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, published version
title: Lyotrop flüssigkristalline Phasen von helikal-chiralen Polyarylacetylenen als enantiodifferenzierende Orientierungsmedien
Creators: name: Noll, Markus Friedrich
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2022

description: Diese Dissertation befasst sich mit der Synthese von helikal-chiralen Poly(phenylacetylenen) (PPAs) und deren Verwendung als flüssigkristalline Orientierungsmedien in der anisotropen NMR-Spektroskopie. Durch die Herstellung und Untersuchung von 29 literaturunbekannten Polymeren wurden detaillierte Einblicke in die zugrundeliegenden Orientierungs- und Differenzierungsmechanismen gegenüber chiralen Analyten gegeben. Die entsprechenden Studien befassten sich dabei vor allem mit der Relevanz von H-Brücken-Wechselwirkungen. Die erzeugten Medien weisen teils hervorragende, enantiodifferenzierende Eigenschaften gegenüber organischen Analyten auf, zudem konnte die Leistungsfähigkeit im Vergleich zu bereits etablierten PPAs deutlich verbessert werden. Neben anisotropen NMR-Messungen auf der gängigen Grundlage residualer dipolarer C-H-Kopplungen (RDCs), konnte auch die Messbarkeit von chemischen Verschiebungsanisotropien (RCSAs) an Kohlenstoffkernen und quadrupolarer Kopplungen (RQCs) von Deuterium bei natürlicher Isotopenhäufigkeit für PPA-Medien etabliert werden. Des Weiteren wurde die sehr gute Kombinierbarkeit anisotroper NMR-Parameter mit NOE-basierten, internuklearen Abständen als gemeinsame Inputparameter in modellfreien Strukturanalysen mit dem neuartigen Programm ConArch+ demonstriert.
title: All about Color and Maps
title: Όλα για το χρώμα και τους χάρτες
Creators: name: Filippakopoulou, Vasiliki
Publisher: name: Kallipos, Open Academic Editions
Year: 2023
Subjects: Επιστημονικές προσεγγίσεις στο χρώμα
Scientific approaches to color
Αντίληψη του χρώματος
Perception of color
Διαστάσεις του χρώματος
Dimensions of color
Χρωματικοί χώροι
Color spaces
Χρωματικά μοντέλα
Color models
Χρωματικές ακολουθίες
Color sequences
Διαχείριση χρώματος
Color management
Το χρώμα στη Ζωγραφική
Color in Painting
Το χρώμα στις χωρικές απεικονίσεις
Color in spatial representations

description: Η προτεινόμενη μονογραφία έχει αντικείμενο το χρώμα όπως εφαρμόζεται, στη δημιουργία χαρτών & χωρικών απεικονίσεων...
description: Η προτεινόμενη μονογραφία έχει αντικείμενο το χρώμα όπως εφαρμόζεται, στη δημιουργία χαρτών & χωρικών απεικονίσεων...
The effect of updated 238U Fission Yields on reactor antineutrino spectra
Creators: name: Mattera, Andrea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: It has been speculated by A.C. Hayes and collaborators that the excess of antineutrinos at 5 MeV (known as "the bump") could be due to deficient knowledge of the antineutrino spectrum. Cumulative fission product yields play a major role in this calculation and Hayes suggested, in particular, that 238U could be an important contributor to the bump. Nonetheless, yields from 238U were often neglected in experimental campaigns, and the evaluated values in ENDF-B/VIII.0 date back to the 1990s. In this work we introduce a new effort undertaken at the NNDC to produce updated FY recommended experimental values for fast fission of 238U. This is based on a reevaluation of results from older experiments, and the inclusion of new important datasets produced in the past 30 years. We will show the updated 238U(nfast,f) FY recommended values, and their effects on reactor antineutrino calculations.
Supplementary Materials for Beyond replication An Exact Replication study of Łodzikowski 2021.docx
Creators: name: Foung, Dennis
name: Kohnke, Lucas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Educational technology and computing
Applied linguistics and educational linguistics

description: Supplementary materials for Beyond replication: An Exact Replication study of Łodzikowski (2021)
BIGHORNS - Broadband Instrument for Global HydrOgen ReioNisation Signal
Creators: name: Sokolowski, M.
name: Tremblay, S. E.
name: Wayth, R. B.
name: Tingay, S. J.
name: Clarke, N.
name: Roberts, P.
name: Waterson, M.
name: Ekers, R. D.
name: Hall, P.
name: Lewis, M.
name: Mossammaparast, M.
name: Padhi, S.
name: Schlagenhaufer, F.
name: Sutinjo, A.
name: Tickner, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The redshifted 21cm line of neutral hydrogen (HI), potentially observable at low radio frequencies (~50-200 MHz), should be a powerful probe of the physical conditions of the inter-galactic medium during Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR). The sky-averaged HI signal is expected to be extremely weak (~100 mK) in comparison to the foreground of up to 10000 K at the lowest frequencies of interest. The detection of such a weak signal requires an extremely stable, well characterised system and a good understanding of the foregrounds. Development of a nearly perfectly (~mK accuracy) calibrated total power radiometer system is essential for this type of experiment. We present the BIGHORNS (Broadband Instrument for Global HydrOgen ReioNisation Signal) experiment which was designed and built to detect the sky-averaged HI signal from the EoR at low radio frequencies. The BIGHORNS system is a mobile total power radiometer, which can be deployed in any remote location in order to collect radio-interference (RFI) free data. The system was deployed in remote, radio quiet locations in Western Australia and low RFI sky data have been collected. We present a description of the system, its characteristics, details of data analysis and calibration. We have identified multiple challenges to achieving the required measurement precision, which triggered two major improvements for the future system.
description: 20 pages, 27 figures. Accepted for publication in PASA
nEXO studies on optical properties of Silicon photomultipliers
Creators: name: Soma, Arun Kumar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The next generation of Enriched Xenon Observatory (nEXO) is a proposed 5 ton liquid xenon experiment to study neutrinoless double beta decay in 136Xe with target half-life sensitivity of ~10^28 years. The studies require an energy resolution of ~1.0% at neutrinoless double beta decay peak energy and places stringent demands on photon detection. Liquid xenon scintillates in vacuum ultraviolet region (~175 nm) and nEXO plans to use silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) as photon detectors. The limited information available on reflective properties of materials (including SiPMs) in ultraviolet region complicates the optimization of light collection in nEXO. The angular resolved reflectivity and photon detection efficiency of SiPMs in liquid xenon was observed to decrease with the increase of incident angle. The details of measurement will be discussed. Further, the measurements are being incorporated in simulation and plans toward addressing operational challenges of nEXO photon detection system may be discussed.
Revealing Genuine Optical-Path Entanglement
Creators: name: Monteiro, F.
name: Vivoli, V. Caprara
name: Guerreiro, T.
name: Martin, A.
name: Bancal, J. -D.
name: Zbinden, H.
name: Thew, R. T.
name: Sangouard, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How can one detect entanglement between multiple optical paths sharing a single photon? We address this question by proposing a scalable protocol, which only uses local measurements where single photon detection is combined with small displacement operations. The resulting entanglement witness does not require post-selection, nor assumptions about the photon number in each path. Furthermore, it guarantees that entanglement lies in a subspace with at most one photon per optical path and reveals genuinely multipartite entanglement. We demonstrate its scalability and resistance to loss by performing various experiments with two and three optical paths. We anticipate applications of our results for quantum network certification.
description: 4 pages + Appendix, 7 figures
Freeze-in Dark Matter from Secret Neutrino Interactions
Creators: name: Du, Yong
name: Jing-Hao Yu
name: Huang, Fei
name: Hao-Lin Li
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: We investigate a simplified freeze-in dark-matter model in which the dark matter only interacts with the standard-model neutrinos via a light scalar. The extremely small coupling for the freeze-in mechanism is naturally realized in several neutrino-portal scenarios with the secret neutrino interactions. We study possible evolution history of the hidden sector: the dark sector would undergo pure freeze-in production if the interaction sbetween the dark-sector particles are negligible, while thermal equilibrium within the dark sector could occur if the re-annihilation of the dark matter and the scalar mediator is rapid enough. We investigate the relic abundance in the freeze-in and dark freeze-out regimes, calculate evolution of the dark temperature, and study its phenomenological aspects on BBN and CMB constraints, the indirect-detection signature, as well as the potential to solve the small scale structure problem.
Impurities in a non-axisymmetric plasma: transport and effect on bootstrap current
Creators: name: Mollén, Albert
name: Landreman, Matt
name: Smith, Håkan M.
name: Braun, Stefanie
name: Helander, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Impurities cause radiation losses and plasma dilution, and in stellarator plasmas the neoclassical ambipolar radial electric field is often unfavorable for avoiding strong impurity peaking. In this work we use a new continuum drift-kinetic solver, the SFINCS code (the Stellarator Fokker-Planck Iterative Neoclassical Conservative Solver) [M. Landreman et al., Phys. Plasmas 21 (2014) 042503] which employs the full linearized Fokker-Planck-Landau operator, to calculate neoclassical impurity transport coefficients for a Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) magnetic configuration. We compare SFINCS calculations with theoretical asymptotes in the high collisionality limit. We observe and explain a 1/nu-scaling of the inter-species radial transport coefficient at low collisionality, arising due to the field term in the inter-species collision operator, and which is not found with simplified collision models even when momentum correction is applied. However, this type of scaling disappears if a radial electric field is present. We also use SFINCS to analyze how the impurity content affects the neoclassical impurity dynamics and the bootstrap current. We show that a change in plasma effective charge Zeff of order unity can affect the bootstrap current enough to cause a deviation in the divertor strike point locations.
description: 36 pages, 13 figures
Remarks on the study of the X(3872) from Effective Field Theory with Pion-Exchange Interaction
Creators: name: Baru, V.
name: Epelbaum, E.
name: Filin, A. A.
name: Guo, Feng-Kun
name: Hammer, H. -W.
name: Hanhart, C.
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
name: Nefediev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper Phys.Rev.Lett. 111, 042002 (2013) (arXiv:1304.0846), the charmonium state X(3872) is studied in the framework of an effective field theory. In that work it is claimed that (i) the one-pion exchange (OPE) alone provides sufficient binding to produce the X as a shallow bound state at the $D^0\bar{D}^{*0}$ threshold, (ii) short-range dynamics (described by a contact interaction) provides only moderate corrections to the OPE, and (iii) the X-pole disappears as the pion mass is increased slightly and therefore the X should not be seen on the lattice, away from the pion physical mass point, if it were a molecular state. In this paper we demonstrate that the results of Phys.Rev.Lett. 111, 042002 (2013) (arXiv:1304.0846) suffer from technical as well as conceptual problems and therefore do not support the conclusions drawn by the authors.
description: LaTeX2e, 7 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Phys.Rev.D
The Scaling Mean and a Law of Large Permanents
Creators: name: Bochi, Jairo
name: Iommi, Godofredo
name: Ponce, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study two types of means of the entries of a nonnegative matrix: the \emph{permanental mean}, which is defined using permanents, and the \emph{scaling mean}, which is defined in terms of an optimization problem. We explore relations between these two means, making use of important results by Ergorychev and Falikman (the van~der~Waerden conjecture), Friedland, Sinkhorn, and others. We also define a scaling mean for functions in a much more general context. Our main result is a Law of Large Permanents, a pointwise ergodic theorem for permanental means of dynamically defined matrices that expresses the limit as a functional scaling mean. The concepts introduced in this paper are general enough so to include as particular cases certain classical types of means, as for example symmetric means and Muirhead means. As a corollary, we reobtain a formula of Halász and Székely for the limit of the symmetric means of a stationary random process.
Perturbative growth of high-multiplicity W, Z and Higgs production processes at high energies
Creators: name: Khoze, Valentin V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the classical recursion relations we compute scattering amplitudes in a spontaneously broken Gauge-Higgs theory into final states involving high multiplicities of massive vector bosons and Higgs bosons. These amplitudes are computed in the kinematic regime where the number of external particles n is >> 1 and their momenta are non-relativistic. Our results generalise the previously known expressions for the amplitudes on the multi-particle thresholds to a more non-trivial kinematic domain. We find that the amplitudes in spontaneously broken gauge theories grow factorially with the numbers of particles produced, and that this factorial growth is only mildly affected by the energy-dependent formfactor computed in the non-relativistic limit. This is reminiscent of the behaviour previously found in massive scalar theories. Cross sections are obtained by integrating the amplitudes squared over the non-relativistic phase-space and found to grow exponentially at energy scales in a few hundred TeV range if we use the non-relativistic high multiplicity limit. This signals a breakdown of perturbation theory and indicates that the weak sector of the Standard Model becomes effectively strongly coupled at these multiplicities. There are interesting implications for the next generation of hadron colliders both for searches of new physics phenomena beyond and within the Standard Model.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures
System for on-Axis Neutrino Detection as beam monitoring for the DUNE experiment
Creators: name: Petti, Roberto
name: Tenti, Matteo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The System for on-Axis Neutrino Detection (SAND) within the ND complex of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) will monitor the neutrino beam. It consists of a superconducting iron magnet, a lead/scintillating fiber electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL), and an inner tracking system. We studied a configuration with the inner magnetic volume filled with an active LAr meniscus, with polypropylene or graphite targets interleaved with planes of horizontal and vertical straw tubes (STT). Most of the sensitivity for the beam monitoring with SAND is provided by the upstream barrel ECAL. Interactions in the STT volume and in the LAr meniscus provide additional statistics. SAND has a sensitivity $\Delta \chi^2 \geq 9$ in one week of data taking for the variation of most of the relevant parameters affecting the beam systematics. A similar sensitivity is obtained for a change in the beam direction of about 0.13 mrad by combining the ECAL and STT.
Electronic Supplementary Material from Oxidative stress mediates the impact of heat waves on survival, growth and immune status in a lizard
Creators: name: Zhang, Qiong
name: Han, Xing-Zhi
name: Burraco, Pablo
name: Wang, Xi-Feng
name: Teng, Li-Wei
name: Liu, Zhen-Sheng
name: Du, Wei-Guo
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ecology not elsewhere classified
Animal Physiology - Biophysics
Animal Physiology - Cell
Animal Physiology - Systems

description: Climate change often includes increases in the occurrence of extreme environmental events. Among these, heat-waves affect the pace of life and performance of wildlife, particularly ectothermic animals, owing to their low thermoregulatory abilities. However, the underlying mechanisms by which this occurs remain unclear. Evidence shows that heat waves alter the redox balance of ectotherms, and oxidative stress is a major mediator of life-history trade-offs. Therefore, oxidative stress may mediate the effect of extreme thermal conditions on the life histories of ectotherms. To test this hypothesis, a 2 × 2 experiment was conducted to manipulate the redox balance (through a mitochondrial uncoupler that alleviates oxidative stress) of the desert toad-headed agama (Phrynocephalus przewalskii) exposed to heat wave conditions. We recorded lizard growth and survival rates and quantified their redox and immune statuses. In control lizards (unmanipulated redox balance), heat wave conditions decreased growth and survival and induced oxidative damage and immune responses. By contrast, lizards with alleviated oxidative stress showed close-to-normal growth, survival, and immune status when challenged with heat waves. These results provide mechanistic insight into the role of oxidative stress in mediating the effects of extreme temperatures on ectothermic vertebrates, which may have major eco-evolutionary implications.
title: Domestic ethnicity: the Lebanese diaspora in Newfoundland
Creators: name: Hirschfeld Shibley, Wyatt
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2024

description: This thesis focuses on the descendants of Lebanese immigrants who arrived on the island of Newfoundland between the late 1800s and early 1900s. In contrast to diaspora communities found in the large urban areas that are popular destinations for immigrants, members of the Lebanese community in Newfoundland did not form any institutions (i.e. churches or ethnic clubs) in which to continue the expression of their culture prior to the incorporation of the Lebanese Association of Newfoundland & Labrador in 2016. Rather, in response to their position as one of the earliest non-European diaspora groups on the island, they have attempted to “fit in” with the dominant culture by cultivating what I propose to call a “domestic ethnicity” which is both reflexive and individual. Lebanese Newfoundlanders primarily express their ethnic identity within the home and/ or around others of Lebanese descent, allowing them to “un-mark” in the public sphere while discretely continuing Lebanese cultural practices. While diaspora scholars often focus on the institutional, public, and visible aspects of ethnicity, by examining folklore genres that take place in relatively more discreet settings this thesis explores the ways in which Lebanese Newfoundlanders express their ethnic identity in the domestic sphere. In so doing, it draws attention to the unique ways in which smaller places can shape diasporic experiences.
Simulation of supersymmetric quantum mechanics in a Cooper-pair box shunted by a Josephson rhombus
Creators: name: Ulrich, Jascha
name: Otten, Daniel
name: Hassler, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersymmetries in quantum mechanics offer a way to obtain degeneracies in the excitation spectrum which do not originate from selection rules. The mechanism behind the degeneracies is the same as the one that leads to the miraculous cancellations of divergences in supersymmetric field theories found in the high energy physics context. Even though of importance, there is up to now no realistic proposal of non-integrable systems that show level degeneracies due to a supersymmetric structure. Here, we propose an implementation of a quantum-mechanical supersymmetry in a Cooper-pair box shunted by a Josephson junction rhombus which is effectively $π$-periodic in the superconducting phase difference. For a characteristic ratio between the strength of the $2π$- and the $π$-periodic junction, we find a two-fold degeneracy of all the energy levels all the way from the weak junction/charge qubit limit to the strong junction/transmon regime. We provide explicit values for the parameters of the rhombus and show that tuning in and out of the supersymmetric point is easily achieved by varying an external gate voltage. We furthermore discuss a microwave experiment to detect the supersymmetry and conclude that it could indeed be simulated with currently existing Josephson junction technology.
description: 6 pages, updated to published version
Coherent states of systems with quadratic Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Bagrov, V. G.
name: Gitman, D. M.
name: Pereira, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different families of generalized CS for one-dimensional systems with general time dependent quadratic Hamiltonian are constructed. In principle, all known CS of systems with quadratic Hamiltonian are members of these families. Some of the constructed generalized CS are close enough to the well-known due to Schrödinger and Glauber CS of a harmonic oscillator, we call them simply CS. However, even among these CS there exist different families of complete sets of CS. These families differ by values of standard deviations at the initial time instant. According to the values of these initial standard deviations one can identify some of the families with semiclassical CS. We discuss properties of the constructed CS, in particular, completeness relations, minimization of uncertainty relations and so on. As a unknown application of the general construction, we consider different CS of an oscillator with a time dependent frequency.
description: 11 pages, 1 figures, Submitted to Brazilian Journal of Physics
Cuspidal representations of reductive p-adic groups are relatively injective and projective
Creators: name: Meyer, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E50

description: Cuspidal representations of a reductive p-adic group G over a field of characteristic different from p are relatively injective and projective with respect to extensions that split by a U-equivariant linear map for any subgroup U that is compact modulo the centre. The category of smooth representations over a field whose characteristic does not divide the pro-order of G is the product of the subcategories of cuspidal representations and of subrepresentations of direct sums of parabolically induced representations.
description: 8 pages; minor changes, version accepted by Representation Theory
On the gauge dependence of the effective potential for Horava-Lifshitz-like theories
Creators: name: Lima, A. M.
name: Nascimento, J. R.
name: Petrov, A. Yu.
name: Ribeiro, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the one-loop effective potential for Horava-Lifshitz-like QED with an arbitrary critical exponent within different approaches and discuss its gauge dependence.
description: 11 pages
Neutrino masses and mixing angles in a model with six Higgs triplets and $A_4$ symmetry
Creators: name: Itishree Sethi
name: Raghavendra Srikanth Hundi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: We have considered a model, where masses and a mixing pattern for neutrinos are governed by six Higgs triplets and $A_4$ symmetry. In this model we have applied a certain diagonalization procedure through which we have shown that neutrino masses can have both normal or inverted hierarchy. We have also shown that current neutrino oscillation data can be explained in this model. The arXiv number is 2003.09809v1.
Ricci Time in the Lemaitre-Tolman Model and the Block Universe
Creators: name: Elmahalawy, Yasser
name: Hellaby, Charles
name: Ellis, George F. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is common to think of our universe according to the "block universe" concept, which says that spacetime consists of many "stacked" 3-surfaces, labelled by some kind of proper time, $τ$. Standard ideas do not distinguish past and future, but Ellis "evolving block universe" tries to make a fundamental distinction. One proposal for this proper time is the proper time measured along the timelike Ricci eigenlines, starting from the big bang. This work investigates the shape of the "Ricci time" surfaces relative to the the null surfaces. We use the Lemaitre-Tolman metric as our inhomogeneous spacetime model, and we find the necessary and sufficient conditions for these $\{τ$= constant$\}$ surfaces, $S(τ)$, to be spacelike or timelike. Furthermore, we look at the effect of strong gravity domains by determining the location of timelike $S$ regions relative to apparent horizons. We find that constant Ricci time surfaces are always spacelike near the big bang, while at late times (near the crunch or the extreme far future), they are only timelike under special circumstances. At intermediate times, timelike $S$ regions are common unless the variation of the bang time is restricted. The regions where these surfaces become timelike are often adjacent to apparent horizons, but always outside them, and in particular timelike $S$ regions do not occur inside black holes.
description: 24 pages, 17 figures (many with multiple plots). Author list now complete!
Energy conditions in $f(T)$ gravity with non-minimal torsion-matter coupling
Creators: name: Zubair, M.
name: Waheed, Saira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present paper examines the validity of energy bounds in a modified theory of gravity involving non-minimal coupling of torsion scalar and perfect fluid matter. In this respect, we formulate the general inequalities of energy conditions by assuming the flat FRW universe. For the application of these bounds, we particularly focus on two specific models that are recently proposed in literature and also choose the power law cosmology. We find the feasible constraints on the involved free parameters and evaluate their possible ranges graphically for the consistency of these energy bounds.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, to appear in Astrophys. Space Sci
Getting in touch with metadata: a DDI subset for FAIR metadata production by researchers
Creators: name: Castro, João
name: Rodrigues, Joana
name: Matos, Paula Mena
name: Sales, Célia
name: Ribeiro, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Communication presented at the IASSIST 2019, Sydney, 30 May.
description: This work is financed by the ERDF – European Regional Development Fund through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation - COMPETE 2020 Programme and by National Funds through the Portuguese funding agency, FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia within projects TAIL, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016736 and TOGETHER, NORTE-01- 0145-FEDER-030980
On invariance of specific mass increment in the case of non-equilibrium growth
Creators: name: Martyushev, L. M.
name: Sergeev, A. P.
name: Terentiev, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is the first time invariance of specific mass increments of crystalline structures that co-exist in the case of non-equilibrium growth is grounded using the maximum entropy production principle. Based on the hypothesis of the existence of a universal growth equation, with the use of dimensional analysis, an explicit form of the dependence of specific mass increment on time is proposed. Applicability of the obtained results for describing growth in animate nature is discussed.
description: 5 pages
Electronic Supplementary Material from Oxidative stress mediates the impact of heat waves on survival, growth, and immune status in a lizard
Creators: name: Zhang, Qiong
name: Han, Xing-Zhi
name: Burraco, Pablo
name: Wang, Xi-Feng
name: Teng, Li-Wei
name: Liu, Zhen-Sheng
name: Du, Wei-Guo
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ecology not elsewhere classified
Animal Physiology - Biophysics
Animal Physiology - Cell
Animal Physiology - Systems

description: Climate change often includes increase in the occurrence of extreme environmental events. Among these, heat waves affect the pace of life and performance of wildlife, particularly ectothermic animals, owing to their low thermoregulatory abilities. However, the underlying mechanisms by which this occurs remain unclear. Evidence shows that heat waves alter the redox balance of ectotherms, and oxidative stress is a major mediator of life-history trade-offs. Therefore, oxidative stress may mediate the effect of extreme thermal conditions on the life histories of ectotherms. To test this hypothesis, a 2 × 2 experiment was conducted to manipulate the redox balance (through a mitochondrial uncoupler that alleviates oxidative stress) of the desert toad-headed agama (Phrynocephalus przewalskii) exposed to heat wave conditions. We recorded lizard growth and survival rates and quantified their redox and immune statuses. In control lizards (unmanipulated redox balance), heat wave conditions decreased growth and survival and induced oxidative damage and immune responses. By contrast, lizards with alleviated oxidative stress showed close-to-normal growth, survival, and immune status when challenged with heat waves. These results provide mechanistic insight into the role of oxidative stress in mediating the effects of extreme temperatures on ectothermic vertebrates, which may have major eco-evolutionary implications.
Early Warning from the Detection of Pre-supernova Neutrinos in Future Large Liquid-scintillator Detectors
Creators: name: Huiling Li
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The detection of such pre-supernova (pre-SN) neutrinos could provide an important and independent early warning for the optical observations of core-collapse SNe. In this work, we investigate the capability of future large liquid-scintillator detectors for the early warning via the detection of pre-SN neutrinos in both $\overline{\nu}^{}_e + p \to e^+ + n$ and $\nu (\overline{\nu}) + e^- \to \nu (\overline{\nu}) + e^-$ reaction channels, where $\nu$ ($\overline{\nu}$) denotes neutrinos (antineutrinos) of all three flavors. We propose a quantitative assessment of the capability in terms of three working criteria, namely, how far the SN distance can be covered, how long the early warning before the core collapse can be sent out, and how well the direction pointing to the SN can be determined.
Variational Principles for Stochastic Soliton Dynamics
Creators: name: Holm, DD
name: Tyranowski, TM
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a variational method of deriving stochastic partial differential equations whose solutions follow the flow of a stochastic vector field. As an example in one spatial dimension we numerically simulate singular solutions (peakons) of the stochastically perturbed Camassa-Holm (CH) equation derived using this method. These numerical simulations show that peakon soliton solutions of the stochastically perturbed CH equation persist and provide an interesting laboratory for investigating the sensitivity and accuracy of adding stochasticity to finite dimensional solutions of stochastic partial differential equations (SPDE). In particular, some choices of stochastic perturbations of the peakon dynamics by Wiener noise (canonical Hamiltonian stochastic deformations, or CH-SD) allow peakons to interpenetrate and exchange order on the real line in overtaking collisions, although this behaviour does not occur for other choices of stochastic perturbations which preserve the Euler-Poincaré structure of the CH equation (parametric stochastic deformations, or P-SD), and it also does not occur for peakon solutions of the unperturbed deterministic CH equation. The discussion raises issues about the science of stochastic deformations of finite-dimensional approximations of evolutionary PDE and the sensitivity of the resulting solutions to the choices made in stochastic modelling.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures -- 2nd version
Transverse Emittance Change in MICE 'Solenoid Mode' with Muon Ionization Cooling
Creators: name: Tom Lord
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Emittance reduction of muon beams is an important requirement in the design of a next-generation Neutrino Factory or Muon Collider. Ionization cooling has been proposed to meet this requirement, whereby beam emittance is reduced by passing a beam through absorbing material. Tight focussing is required in both horizontal planes, which is achieved in many designs using solenoid focussing. Ionization cooling has been demonstrated in the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) in 'flip' mode, where the solenoid field flips polarity across the absorber. We present the performance of MICE in 'solenoid' mode, where the field polarity does not change across the absorber.
Effects of a Tabata-style functional high-intensity interval training intervention on cardiometabolic risk factors and physical activity in female university students
Creators: name: LU, YINING
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Exercise physiology

description: The primary aim of this thesis was to examine the effects of a novel Tabata-style functional high intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiometabolic health and physical activity (PA) in female university students. Study 1 was a meta-analysis review to explore the association between objectively measured PA with adiposity and cardiometabolic health in adult women. objectively determined PA in terms of steps, total physical activity (TPA) and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) were favorably associated with adiposity outcomes. The improvement in adiposity can be achieved by simply accumulating more PA than previously and adiposity is more likely to be benefited by PA performed at higher intensity. Furthermore, it was most compelling and consistent that being more physically active was beneficial to the metabolic syndrome. Overall, PA level was low in adult women, suggesting that increasing TPA was more important than emphasizing the intensity and duration of PA. Study 2 and study 3 were pilot studies and data from these studies was used to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of the Tabata-style functional HIIT. Findings from Study 2 showed that, after a 12-week intervention, the Tabata-style functional HIIT was equally effective in improving cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition compared to the running based HIIT. Additionally, this novel HIIT was able to induce a required high-intensity exercise response and provide a more enjoyable training experience for the participants. Findings from Study 3 indicated that untrained female university students were able to achieve the target high intensity responses. Moreover, the novel HIIT resulted in simultaneous increases in sedentary time, MVPA and TPA in the short term. Study 4 showed that dairy intake, MVPA and TPA were all independently associated with systolic blood pressure, indicating that dietary intake was a contributor to cardiometabolic health independent of exercise. Study 5 evaluated the effects of a 12-week Tabata-style functional HIIT program (Project: Just Four Minutes) on multiple cardiometabolic biomarkers and habitual PA in female university students. A mixed linear model was used to assess the intervention effects. After the intervention, compared to the control, there were large intervention effects on maximal oxygen uptake, resting heart rate, systolic blood pressure, MVPA, TPA; moderate effects on percentage body fat, fat mass, high-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol; small effects on body mass index, waist circumference, low-density lipoprotein, HOMA-IR and fasting insulin. Only the percentage change of high-density lipoprotein was associated with the change of MVPA and TPA. Conclusively, this project appeared to be a feasible and effective way to improving cardiometabolic health and PA in female university students.
D1.1 - Ensuring an Effective Global Stocktake with a Sectoral Perspective
Creators: name: Hermwille, Lukas
name: Obergassel, Wolfgang
name: Pérez Català, Anna
name: Fragkos, Panagiotis
name: Van de Ven, Dirk-Jan
name: Sanz, María José
name: Gunfaus, Marta Torres
name: Briand, Yann
name: van Asselt, Harro
name: Oberthür, Sebastian
name: Kronshage, Stefan
name: Jochem, Patrick
name: Xia-Bauer, Chun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: A sectoral perspective can help the Global Stocktake (GST) to effectively achieve its objective to inform the Parties in enhancing subsequent NDCs and in enhancing international cooperation. Specifically, granular and actionable sectoral lessons, grounded in country-driven assessments, should be identified and elaborated. To be effective, conversations on sectoral transformations need to synthesise key challenges and opportunities identified in the national analyses and link them to international enablers; focus on systemic interdependencies, involve diverse actors, and be thoroughly prepared including by pre-scoping points of convergences and divergence across transformations. We specifically recommend that the co-facilitators of the Technical Dialogue use their (limited) mandate to facilitate an effective conversation on sectoral transformations e.g. by organising dedicated informal seminars in between formal negotiation sessions; key systemic transformations necessary to achieve net-zero by mid-century should be spelled out and included in the final decision or political declaration of the GST; and the political outcome of the GST should mandate follow-up processes at the regional level and encourage national-level conversations to translate the collective messages from GST into actionable and sector-specific policy recommendations.
Eliashberg analysis of the optical conductivity in superconducting Pr$_2$CuO$_{x}$ ($x \simeq 4$)
Creators: name: Schachinger, E.
name: Chanda, G.
name: Lobo, R. P. S. M.
name: Naito, M.
name: Pronin, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting Pr$_2$CuO$_x$, $x\simeq 4$ films with $T^\prime$ structure and a $T_c$ of 27 K have been investigated by millimeter-wave transmission and broadband (infrared-to-ultraviolet) reflectivity measurements in the normal and superconducting state. The results obtained by both experimental methods show a consistent picture of the superconducting condensate formation below $T_c$. An Eliashberg analysis of the data proves $d$-wave superconductivity and unitary-limit impurity scattering of the charge carriers below $T_{c}$. The derived electron-exchange boson interaction spectral function $I^2χ(ω)$ shows only marginal changes at the superconducting transition with the mass enhancement factor $λ$, the first inverse moment of $I^2χ(ω)$, being equal to 4.16 at 30 K and to 4.25 at 4 K.
description: IOP style, 12 pages
Status of the ESSνSB Target Station Design
Creators: name: Tolba, Tamer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: In the search for the CP-violation in the leptonic sector, the next generation of neutrino experiments will consider new baselines and technologies to improve their sensitivity on δCP parameter. The future ESSνSB experiment aims at searching this asymmetry at 5σ significance level, in more than 60% of the leptonic Dirac δCP violating phase range, and measuring the phase value with precision, by using a very high intensity neutrino beam generated with the European Spallation Source 5 MW linac in Lund (Sweden) allowing the installation of the far neutrino detector at the second oscillation maximum. Several technological challenges must be studied before the design of the ESSνSB experiment. In particular, the design of the Target-Station producing the neutrino super-beam from the proton linac beam is one of the highest priorities at this phase of the project. We will report on the ongoing target-station design efforts.
MEASURING AUTHENTIC LEARNING WITHIN PURDUE UNIVERSITY’S EPICS PROGRAM
Creators: name: Lyon, Graham Pierce
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401002
subject: Engineering education
classificationCode: 390402
subject: Education assessment and evaluation
classificationCode: 390409
subject: Learning sciences
classificationCode: 390102
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy theory and development

description: In this dissertation, I investigate the authentic learning experiences of students participating in the Engineering Projects in Community Service (EPICS) program at Purdue University within the framework of authentic education. Utilizing a quantitative approach, the study assesses the performance of new and returning students across five key outcomes that measure authentic learning during a single semester. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant main effects for time of assessment and type of student on performance, with an overall improvement in all outcomes observed from mid-term to final evaluations and returning students typically outperforming new students. Interaction effects between time and type were also examined, revealing subtle yet complex dynamics in students’ learning trajectories. The findings hold implications for enhancing authentic learning, especially in engineering design contexts, and offer insights to guide future implementation of and improvements to authentic education initiatives, particularly the EPICS program. Despite certain limitations, the research opens avenues for future investigations into diverse aspects of authentic education in STEM and beyond.
matter vs vacuum oscillations at long-baseline accelerator neutrino experiments
Creators: name: Bharti, Suman
name: Sankagiri Umasankar
name: Ushak Rahaman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The neutrino oscillation probabilities at the long baseline accelerator neutrino experiments are expected to be modified by matter effects. We search for evidence of such modification in the data of T2K and NOνA, by fitting the data to the hypothesis of (a) matter modified oscillations and (b) vacuum oscillations. We find that vacuum oscillations provide as good a fit to the data as matter modified oscillations. Even an extended run of these experiments, with 5 years in neutrino mode and 5 years in anti-neutrino mode, can not make a 3 σ distinction between vacuum and matter modified oscillations. DUNE, by itself, can rule out vacuum oscillations at $5~\sigma$ with one year neutrino run if the hierarchy is NH. For IH, one needs to add the data of T2K and NOvA to ten years of DUNE data to obtain $5~\sigma$ exclusion of vacuum oscillations.
Quantum order by disorder in the Kitaev model on a triangular lattice
Creators: name: Jackeli, George
name: Avella, Adolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify and discuss the ground state of a quantum magnet on a triangular lattice with bond-dependent Ising-type spin couplings, that is, a triangular analog of the Kitaev honeycomb model. The classical ground-state manifold of the model is spanned by decoupled Ising-type chains, and its accidental degeneracy is due to the frustrated nature of the anisotropic spin couplings. We show how this subextensive degeneracy is lifted by a quantum order-by-disorder mechanism and study the quantum selection of the ground state by treating short-wavelength fluctuations within the linked cluster expansion and by using the complementary spin-wave theory. We find that quantum fluctuations couple next-nearest-neighbor chains through an emergent four-spin interaction, while nearest-neighbor chains remain decoupled. The remaining discrete degeneracy of the ground state is shown to be protected by a hidden symmetry of the model.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Karl Adolf Cornelius
title: [1819-1903]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ritter, Moritz
Publisher: name: Zentralbibliothek Zürich
Year: 1904
Subjects: subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie
subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Cornelius, Carl Adolf
subject: Würzburg
subject: München

description: Sonderdruck aus: Forschungen zur Geschichte Bayerns, Heft 1 und 2, 1904
Quantifying vertical borehole heat exchanger sustainability from a geothermal resource perspective in the UK
Creators: name: Receveur, Mylène
name: McDermott, Christopher Ian
name: Fraser-Harris, Andrew
name: Gilfillan, Stuart
name: Watson, Ian
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: S1, properties for the rocks in the MVS; S2, quantification of the solar heat flux; S3, effects of borehole depth, length and model area; S4, artificial heat recharge; S5, effect of rock conductivity; S6, surface boundary conditions; S7, thermal recovery for different surface boundary condit