cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Particle-hole symmetry broken solutions in graphene nanoribbons: a multi-orbital, mean-field perspective
Creators: name: Schmirander, T.
name: Pfannkuche, D.
name: Prada, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mean-field theories have since long predicted edge magnetism in graphene nanoribbons, where the order parameter is given by the local magnetization. However, signatures of edge magnetism appears elusive in the experiments, suggesting another class of solutions. We employ a self-consistent mean field approximation within a multi-orbital tight-binding model and obtain particle-hole symmetry broken solutions, where the local filling plays the role of the order parameter. Unlike the magnetic edge solutions, these are topologically non-trivial and show zero local magnetization. A small and a large doping regime are studied, and a free energy minimum for finite hole doping is encountered, which may serve as an explanation for the absence of experimental evidence for magnetic edge states in zigzag graphene nanoribbons. The electronic interaction may increase the finite \(d\)-orbital occupation, which leads to a change of the effective Coulomb interaction of the dominant \(p_z\)-orbitals. Our findings indicate that the non-magnetic solution for finite hole doping becomes energetically preferred, compared to the magnetic phases at half-filling, once thermal fluctuations or unintentional doping from the substrate are considered. This result persists even in the presence of the \(d\)-orbitals and the Coulomb interaction therein.
description: 7 figures, 7 pages
Prospects of calibrating afterglow modeling of short GRBs with gravitational wave inclination angle measurements and resolving the Hubble tension with a GW-GRB association event
Creators: name: Wang, Yi-Ying
name: Tang, Shao-Peng
name: Li, Xin-Yu
name: Jin, Zhi-Ping
name: Fan, Yi-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the numerical modeling of the GRB afterglow, some approximations have been made for simplicity, and different groups developed their codes. A robust test of these models/approaches is challenging because of the lack of directly measured physical parameters. Fortunately, the viewing angle inferred from the afterglow modeling is widely anticipated to be the same as the inclination angle of the binary neutron star (BNS) mergers that can be evaluated with the gravitational wave (GW) data. Therefore in the future, it is possible to calibrate the afterglow modeling with the GW inclination angle measurements. We take three methods, including both analytical estimations and direct simulations, to project the uncertainties of the inclination angle measurements. For some BNS mergers accompanied with electromagnetic counterparts detected in the O4/O5 runs of LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA/LIGO-India detectors, we show that the inclination angle can be determined within an uncertainty of $\leq 0.1$ rad, supposing that the Hubble constant is known with an accuracy of $\leq 3\%$ and the uncertainty of Hubble flow velocity is within $\sim 1 \%$. The off-axis GRB outflow will give rise to afterglow emission, and the most energetic ones may be detectable at the distance of $\sim$ 100-200 Mpc even for a viewing angle of $\geq 0.3$ rad. Such events can thus serve as a robust test of the afterglow modeling approach. We have also evaluated the prospect of resolving the so-called Hubble tension with a single GW/GRB association event. We find out that a $\sim 3\%$ precision Hubble constant is obtainable if the uncertainty of the viewing angle can be constrained to be within $\sim 0.1$ rad, which is expected to be the case for some nearby ($\leq 250$ Mpc) bright/on-axis GRBs with a well-behaved afterglow light curve displaying a clear achromatic break at early times.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, and 1 table; PRD in press
Theorical OCR/HTR and Transkribus presentation for Phd Seminar (University of Verona 05/05/20)
Creators: name: Bazzaco, Stefano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: HTR
OCR
Transkribus
READ
Progetto Mambrino (University of Verona)

description: Theorical presentation of OCR/HTR history, developments and techniques Comparison (pros and cons) between OCR/HTR systems Progetto Mambrino results using Transkribus with Spanish Gothic, Spanish Romana, Italian Italics scripts XVth-XVIth Century presented on 05/05/20 at University of Verona
Navigation Development Figure
Creators: name: Nguyen, Kim
name: Tansan, Merve
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: aging
subject: development
subject: spatial navigation

description: Figure mapping the developmental trajectory of spatial navigation. Created by Kim Nguyen and Merve Tansan.
Henselianity in NIP $\mathbb{F}_p$-algebras
Creators: name: Johnson, Will
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C60

description: We prove an assortment of results on (commutative and unital) NIP rings, especially $\mathbb{F}_p$-algebras. Let $R$ be a NIP ring. Then every prime ideal or radical ideal of $R$ is externally definable, and every localization $S^{-1}R$ is NIP. Suppose $R$ is additionally an $\mathbb{F}_p$-algebra. Then $R$ is a finite product of Henselian local rings. Suppose in addition that $R$ is integral. Then $R$ is a Henselian local domain, whose prime ideals are linearly ordered by inclusion. Suppose in addition that the residue field $R/\mathfrak{m}$ is infinite. Then the Artin-Schreier map $R \to R$ is surjective (generalizing the theorem of Kaplan, Scanlon, and Wagner for fields).
description: 14 pages
Global fit to the 2HDM with generic sources of flavour violation using \textsf{GAMBIT}
Creators: name: Athron, Peter
name: Crivellin, Andreas
name: Gonzalo, Tomás E.
name: Iguro, Syuhei
name: Sierra, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a global statistical analysis of the two-Higgs-doublet model with generic sources of flavour violation using \textsf{GAMBIT}. This is particularly interesting in light of deviations from the Standard Model predictions observed in $b\to cτ\bar ν$ and $b\to s\ell^+\ell^-$ transitions as well as the indications for a charged Higgs with a mass of 130\,GeV in top quark decays. Including all relevant constraints from precision, flavour and collider observables, we find that it is possible to simultaneously explain both the charged and neutral current $B$ anomalies. We study the impact of using different values for the $W$ mass and the Standard Model prediction for $g-2$ of the muon and provide predictions for observables that can probe our model in the future such as lepton flavour violation searches at Belle II and Higgs coupling strength measurements at the high-luminosity LHC.
description: 33 pages, 11 figures
title: High Tides No.62 [January, 1988]
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Newspapers and periodicals

description: Child sexual abuse / D. Radcliffe -- Notes from a tamed cynic / Daniel -- Christmas concert given to us by our own elementary school -- A cat called Tigger / Ianthe -- Islands Trust press release -- The sky is falling! / Bob Fink -- Fleabite allergic dermatitis in dogs -- Lonely are the brave / James A. Smith -- Woman's lament / Dolores -- My daughter / Kathy Scarfo -- Denman ferry / Annelle -- Ahimsa (non injury) / Kris Backs -- Directory
title: High Tides No.61 [November-December, 1987]
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Newspapers and periodicals

description: Emergency call schedule -- [Letters] -- Notes from a tamed cynic / Dan -- Fire department news -- Denman Island monthly weather observation / Ken Edmondson -- Abscesses and the cat -- Cooking column / Bryanna Clark -- Child sexual abuse / D. Radcliffe -- The Silverstream, Clovelly / Seagull -- I've felt better / Kris Backs -- At the station / Deanna Barnhardt -- Island of the den / Sally Tare -- Seniors Museum Society / Les Baker -- Directory
From Uncertainty Relations to Quantum Acceleration Limits
Creators: name: Cafaro, Carlo
name: Corda, Christian
name: Bahreyni, Newshaw
name: Alanazi, Abeer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of quantum acceleration limit has been recently introduced for any unitary time evolution of quantum systems under arbitrary nonstationary Hamiltonians. While Alsing and Cafaro [Int. J. Geom. Methods Mod. Phys. 21, 2440009 (2024)] used the Robertson uncertainty relation in their derivation, Pati [arXiv:quant-ph/2312.00864 (2023)] employed the Robertson-Schrödinger uncertainty relation to find the upper bound on the temporal rate of change of the speed of quantum evolutions. In this paper, we provide a comparative analysis of these two alternative derivations for quantum systems specified by an arbitrary finite-dimensional projective Hilbert space. Furthermore, focusing on a geometric description of the quantum evolution of two-level quantum systems on a Bloch sphere under general time-dependent Hamiltonians, we find the most general conditions needed to attain the maximal upper bounds on the acceleration of the quantum evolution. In particular, these conditions are expressed explicitly in terms of two three-dimensional real vectors, the Bloch vector that corresponds to the evolving quantum state and the magnetic field vector that specifies the Hermitian Hamiltonian of the system. For pedagogical reasons, we illustrate our general findings for two-level quantum systems in explicit physical examples characterized by specific time-varying magnetic field configurations. Finally, we briefly comment on the extension of our considerations to higher-dimensional physical systems in both pure and mixed quantum states.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables
New Paths for Computing Humanists
Creators: name: Siemens, Ray
name: Shawver, Gary
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2021
Subjects: Digital Humanities

description:
Digital Humanities is now successfully established as an inter-discipline with local, national, and international import, and remains a vibrant pursuit because of its position at the intersection of fast-paced advances in computation and their application to the traditional pursuits of the humanities. As a point of intersection between the two, it presents a moving target of the best kind, constantly advancing as computational possibilities evolve and as humanistic focus alters. This collection arises out of a need to revisit that intersection point with some frequency and, in doing so, to map out possible future paths for computer-assisted practices in arts and the humanities. The articles here act as signposts to those futures, and at the same time celebrate and recognize the accomplishments of Ian Lancashire, a Canadian whose internationally significant work within the field of humanities computing has had a profound influence on the application of computer technology to the various disciplinary activities of the arts and humanities.
title: High Tides No.59 [September, 1987]
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Newspapers and periodicals

description: Emergency call schedule -- Letters -- Bear visit / Sandy -- Sex mom -- Denman Island monthly weather observation / Ken Edmonson -- Fraser River pollution continues / Robert Rainer -- Denman Island country 5 1/4 mile run -- The veil / Kris Backs -- Wish that... / Ave -- Fantasy: (noun)... caprice; hallucination / Anonymous -- Joy / Ave -- Down with living tombs called houses -- Column / Ray Skelly -- In memory of Wayne -- Directory
title: High Tides No.60 [October, 1987]
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Newspapers and periodicals

description: Emergency call schedule -- Letters -- Islands Trust -- Denman Island monthly weather observation / Ken Edmondson -- Aunt Joe's graham bread -- Potato yeast bread -- Beat biscuits -- Hot biscuits -- Lumberjack biscuits -- Sour dough -- Notes from a tamed cynic -- Do you remember 1979? -- Child sexual abuse / D. Radcliffe -- Column / Ray Skelly -- Revenge of the rusted wrecks / Roscoe -- Welcome back Icarus / Charles McKaig -- In memory of Doc / D. -- Padded trap testing in British Columbia / Barry P. Saunders & Harry C. Rowsell -- Directory
Comparing Step Counting Algorithms for High-Resolution Wrist Accelerometry Data in NHANES 2011-2014
Creators: name: Koffman, Lily
name: Crainiceanu, Ciprian
name: Muschelli, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Purpose: To quantify the relative performance of step counting algorithms in studies that collect free-living high-resolution wrist accelerometry data and to highlight the implications of using these algorithms in translational research. Methods: Five step counting algorithms (four open source and one proprietary) were applied to the publicly available, free-living, high-resolution wrist accelerometry data collected by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2011-2014. The mean daily total step counts were compared in terms of correlation, predictive performance, and estimated hazard ratios of mortality. Results: The estimated number of steps were highly correlated (median=0.91, range 0.77 to 0.98), had high and comparable predictive performance of mortality (median concordance=0.72, range 0.70 to 0.73). The distributions of the number of steps in the population varied widely (mean step counts range from 2,453 to 12,169). Hazard ratios of mortality associated with a 500-step increase per day varied among step counting algorithms between HR=0.88 and 0.96, corresponding to a 300% difference in mortality risk reduction ([1-0.88]/[1-0.96]=3). Conclusion: Different step counting algorithms provide correlated step estimates and have similar predictive performance that is better than traditional predictors of mortality. However, they provide widely different distributions of step counts and estimated reductions in mortality risk for a 500-step increase.
description: 41 pages, 3 figures
Mapping disciplinary differences and equity of academic control to create a space for collaboration
Creators: name: Siemens, Lynne
name: Smith, Jeff
name: Liu, Yin
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2022
Subjects: Digital humanities

description:
Academics are collaborating more as their research questions are becoming more complex, often reaching beyond the capacity of any one person. However, in many parts of the campus, teamwork is not a traditional work pattern, and team members may not understand the best ways to work together to the benefit of the project. Challenges are particularly possible when there are differences among the disciplines represented on a team and when there are variations in academic control over decision making and research direction setting. Disparities in these two dimensions create potential for miscommunication, conflict, and other negative consequences, which may mean that a collaboration is not successful. This paper explores these dimensions and suggests a space for collaboration; it also describes some benefits and challenges associated within various positions within the framework. Academic teams can use this tool to determine the place they would like to occupy within the collaboration space and structure themselves accordingly before undertaking research.
title: High Tides No.58 [August, 1987]
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Newspapers and periodicals

description: Emergency call schedule -- Leave it in the ground: uranium in B.C. / Alar Olljum -- Letters -- Column / Ray Skelly -- Random reflections / Roscoe -- Somehow / Charles McKaig -- I am Don Juan / Don Juan II -- Organic growers directory -- Taking care of the aging cat / Paul Bailey -- AIDS: a personal view / Avi Sion -- Beyond the trees / Swann Devaraj -- Denman Island monthly weather summary / Ken [Edmondson] -- Directory
title: High Tides No.56 [June, 1987]
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Newspapers and periodicals

description: Emergency call schedule -- Caravan Stage Company -- Corn meal pancakes -- Poppy seed pancakes -- Banana pancakes -- An essay for a '30s class reunion -- Violence rooted in male nurturing / Edmund Stubbing -- Potatoes / Ann Cleary -- Man/woman / D. Vobiscum -- Heat wave / Derk Wynand -- Man overboard / B. Lever -- The search / Paul Bailey -- Voyage around the horn / Roscoe -- D.I.R.C.S. / Jackie Barnett (Pearlson) -- Food irradiation alert / Linda Pim -- APC / Harlene Holm -- Directory
title: High Tides No.55 [May, 1987]
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Newspapers and periodicals

description: Emergency call schedule -- Studio III North -- Denman Island Ratepayers Association -- Seafood appetizers -- Control of pests / Lida McMartin -- The book shelf / Hamish Tait -- War / Ianthe -- Old age -- Mouthpiece / R.D. -- Organic orchard growing / Judith Stamp -- Varadero (The Docking Place) / Jim & Norma McLeod -- Aquaculture: survival of the luckiest? / Michael Clague -- Denman Island Preschool auction -- Directory
Compact object populations over cosmic time I. BOSSA: a Binary Object environment-Sensitive Sampling Algorithm
Creators: name: de Sá, L. M.
name: Bernardo, A.
name: Rocha, L. S.
name: Bachega, R. R. A.
name: Horvath, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binary population synthesis (BPS) is an essential tool for extracting information about massive binary evolution from gravitational-wave (GW) detections of compact object mergers. It has been successfully used to constrain the most likely permutations of evolution models among hundreds of alternatives, while initial condition models, in contrast, have not yet received the same level of attention. Here, we introduce BOSSA, a detailed initial sampling code including a set of 192 initial condition permutations for BPS that capture both "invariant" and "varying" models, the latter accounting for a possible metallicity- and star formation rate (SFR)-dependence of the initial mass function (IMF); as well as correlations between the initial primary mass, orbital period, mass ratio and eccentricity of binaries. We include 24 metallicity-specific cosmic star formation history (cSFH) models and propose two alternate models for the mass-dependent binary fraction. We build a detailed pipeline for time-evolving BPS, such that each binary has well-defined initial conditions, and we are able to distinguish the contributions from populations of different ages. We discuss the meaning of the IMF for binaries and introduce a refined initial sampling procedure for component masses. We also discuss the treatment of higher-order multiple systems when normalizing a binary sample. In particular, we argue for how a consistent interpretation of the IMF implies that this is not the distribution from which any set of component masses should be independently drawn, and show how the individual IMF of primaries and companions is expected to deviate from the full IMF.
description: 23 pages, 16 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to MNRAS. Repository (under construction) at https://github.com/lmdesa/BOSSA
‘As strayght as ony pole’: Publius Cornelius, Edmund de la Pole, and Contemporary Court Satire in Henry Medwall’s Fulgens and Lucres
Creators: name: Siemens, Ray
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Literary Studies
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description:
With the discovery of its text early in this century, Medwall's interlude Fulgens and Lucres became immediately remarkable in literary historical and critical circles for being the earliest extant drama in English that was purely secular. Printed first by John Rastell ca. 1512, it has appeared since its discovery in several editions -- the earliest by F.S. Boas and A.W. Reed, and more recently the near-simultaneous texts of the early 1980s by M.E. Moeslein and Alan H. Nelson -- and has been accorded a prominent place in the history of the English drama. It is a two-part piece with a disguising,requiring only a small company for performance, one which may have included a young Sir Thomas More, and is set in imperial Rome; internal references suggest that it was played in a large hall during the winter season, at a time of some festivities, and, as there are compliments paid to the Spaniards and Flemish, it is likely that it was intended originally as entertainment at a diplomatic event. Its author, Henry Medwall, was a notary for Cardinal Morton, Archbishop of Canterbury, during the last decade of the fifteenth century, the time in which the interlude was most probably written and first performed.
Analog MIMO Communication for One-shot Distributed Principal Component Analysis
Creators: name: Chen, Xu
name: Larsson, Erik G.
name: Huang, Kaibin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A fundamental algorithm for data analytics at the edge of wireless networks is distributed principal component analysis (DPCA), which finds the most important information embedded in a distributed high-dimensional dataset by distributed computation of a reduced-dimension data subspace, called principal components (PCs). In this paper, to support one-shot DPCA in wireless systems, we propose a framework of analog MIMO transmission featuring the uncoded analog transmission of local PCs for estimating the global PCs. To cope with channel distortion and noise, two maximum-likelihood (global) PC estimators are presented corresponding to the cases with and without receive channel state information (CSI). The first design, termed coherent PC estimator, is derived by solving a Procrustes problem and reveals the form of regularized channel inversion where the regulation attempts to alleviate the effects of both receiver noise and data noise. The second one, termed blind PC estimator, is designed based on the subspace channel-rotation-invariance property and computes a centroid of received local PCs on a Grassmann manifold. Using the manifold-perturbation theory, tight bounds on the mean square subspace distance (MSSD) of both estimators are derived for performance evaluation. The results reveal simple scaling laws of MSSD concerning device population, data and channel signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), and array sizes. More importantly, both estimators are found to have identical scaling laws, suggesting the dispensability of CSI to accelerate DPCA. Simulation results validate the derived results and demonstrate the promising latency performance of the proposed analog MIMO
Bilocal geodesic operators in static spherically-symmetric spacetimes
Creators: name: Serbenta, Julius
name: Korzyński, Mikołaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method to compute exact expressions for optical observables for static spherically symmetric spacetimes in the framework of the bilocal geodesic operator formalism. The expressions are obtained by solving the linear geodesic deviation equations for null geodesics, using the spacetime symmetries and the associated conserved quantities. We solve the equations in two different ways: by varying the geodesics with respect to their initial data and by directly integrating the equation for the geodesic deviation. The results are very general and can be applied to a variety of spacetime models and configurations of the emitter and the observer. We illustrate some of the aspects with an example of Schwarzschild spacetime, focusing on the behaviour of the angular diameter distance, the parallax distance, and the distance slip between the observer and the emitter outside the photon sphere.
description: 30 pages, 3 figures
Cosmic Filament Spin from Dark Matter Vortices
Creators: name: Alexander, Stephon
name: Capanelli, Christian
name: Ferreira, Elisa G. M.
name: McDonough, Evan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent observational evidence for cosmic filament spin on megaparsec scales (Wang et al, Nature Astronomy 5, 839-845 (2021)) demands an explanation in the physics of dark matter. Conventional collisionless cold particle dark matter is conjectured to generate cosmic filament spin through tidal torquing, but this explanation requires extrapolating from the quasi-linear regime to the non-linear regime. Meanwhile no alternative explanation exists in the context of ultra-light (e.g., axion) dark matter, and indeed these models would naively predict zero spin for cosmic filaments. In this Letter we study cosmic filament spin in theories of ultra-light dark matter, such as ultra-light axions, and bosonic and fermionic condensates, such as superfluids and superconductors. These models are distinguished from conventional particle dark matter models by the possibility of dark matter vortices. We take a model agnostic approach, and demonstrate that a collection of dark vortices can explain the data reported in Wang et al. Modeling a collection of vortices with a simple two-parameter analytic model, corresponding to an averaging of the velocity field, we find an excellent fit to the data. We perform a Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis and find constraints on the number of vortices, the dark matter mass, and the radius of the inner core region where the vortices are distributed, in order for ultra-light dark matter to explain spinning cosmic filaments.
Mapeamento dos bioinformatas brasileiros no Wikidata
Creators: name: Lubiana, Tiago
name: Cavalcante, João Vitor
name: Villalba, Cristal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Wikidata
Bioinformática
Brasil
Scholia

description: Projeto a ser desenvolvido colaborativamente em 28 e 29 de julho de 2022, com resultados abertos em https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Wikidata:WikiProject_Scholia/Bioinformática_brasileira .
Work and Fluctuations: Coherent vs. Incoherent Ergotropy Extraction
Creators: name: Łobejko, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a quasi-probability distribution of work for an isolated quantum system coupled to the energy-storage device given by the ideal weight. Specifically, we analyze a trade-off between changes in average energy and changes in weight's variance, where work is extracted from the coherent and incoherent ergotropy of the system. Primarily, we reveal that the extraction of positive coherent ergotropy can be accompanied by the reduction of work fluctuations (quantified by a variance loss) by utilizing the non-classical states of a work reservoir. On the other hand, we derive a fluctuation-decoherence relation for a quantum weight, defining a lower bound of its energy dispersion via a dumping function of the coherent contribution to the system's ergotropy. Specifically, it reveals that unlocking ergotropy from coherences results in high fluctuations, which diverge when the total coherent energy is unlocked. The proposed autonomous protocol of work extraction shows a significant difference between extracting coherent and incoherent ergotropy: The former can decrease the variance, but its absolute value diverges if more and more energy is extracted, whereas for the latter, the gain is always non-negative, but a total (incoherent) ergotropy can be extracted with finite work fluctuations. Furthermore, we present the framework in terms of the introduced quasi-probability distribution, which has a physical interpretation of its cumulants, is free from the invasive nature of measurements, and reduces to the two-point measurement scheme (TPM) for incoherent states. Finally, we analytically solve the work-variance trade-off for a qubit, explicitly revealing all the above quantum and classical regimes.
title: High Tides No.54 [April, 1987]
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Newspapers and periodicals

description: Emergency call schedule -- Natural roadsides: ideas from Wisconsin and Illinois / Victoria Nuzzo -- Room to breathe -- Skelly announces seniors' grants -- Colouring contest! -- Ferry rate reality / Ferry Rates Committee -- Father father what am I seeking? / Deanna Barnhardt -- Wintering downriver / Lorraine Martinuik -- There is no one to write to / Karelyn Bird -- Fear of flying (with apologies to Erica Jong) / Roscoe -- Creamin' the park / Kel Kelly -- The story of Windy Bay / Ken Lay -- Expensive protein -- The House of Parliament / Roscoe -- Directory
Using quantum states of light to probe the retinal network
Creators: name: Pedram, Ali
name: Müstecaplıoğlu, Özgür E.
name: Kominis, Iannis K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 92C05

description: The minimum number of photons necessary for activating the sense of vision has been a topic of research for over a century. The ability of rod cells to sense a few photons has implications for understanding the fundamental capabilities of the human visual and nervous system and creating new vision technologies based on photonics. We investigate the fundamental metrological capabilities of different quantum states of light to probe the retina, which is modeled using a simple neural network. Stimulating the rod cells by Fock, coherent and thermal states of light, and calculating the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) and Fisher information matrix for the signal produced by the ganglion cells in various conditions, we determine the volume of minimum error ellipsoid. Comparing the resulting ellipsoid volumes, we determine the metrological performance of different states of light for probing the retinal network. The results indicate that the thermal state yields the largest error ellipsoid volume and hence the worst metrological performance, and the Fock state yields the best performance for all parameters. This advantage persists even if another layer is added to the network or optical losses are considered in the calculations.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures
Sequence learning, prediction, and replay in networks of spiking neurons
Creators: name: Bouhadjar, Younes
name: Wouters, Dirk J.
name: Diesmann, Markus
name: Tetzlaff, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Sequence learning, prediction and replay have been proposed to constitute the universal computations performed by the neocortex. The Hierarchical Temporal Memory (HTM) algorithm realizes these forms of computation. It learns sequences in an unsupervised and continuous manner using local learning rules, permits a context specific prediction of future sequence elements, and generates mismatch signals in case the predictions are not met. While the HTM algorithm accounts for a number of biological features such as topographic receptive fields, nonlinear dendritic processing, and sparse connectivity, it is based on abstract discrete-time neuron and synapse dynamics, as well as on plasticity mechanisms that can only partly be related to known biological mechanisms. Here, we devise a continuous-time implementation of the temporal-memory (TM) component of the HTM algorithm, which is based on a recurrent network of spiking neurons with biophysically interpretable variables and parameters. The model learns high-order sequences by means of a structural Hebbian synaptic plasticity mechanism supplemented with a rate-based homeostatic control. In combination with nonlinear dendritic input integration and local inhibitory feedback, this type of plasticity leads to the dynamic self-organization of narrow sequence-specific subnetworks. These subnetworks provide the substrate for a faithful propagation of sparse, synchronous activity, and, thereby, for a robust, context specific prediction of future sequence elements as well as for the autonomous replay of previously learned sequences. By strengthening the link to biology, our implementation facilitates the evaluation of the TM hypothesis based on electrophysiological and behavioral data.
description: 35 pages, 18 figures, 3 tables, 1 video
title: High Tides No.53 [Febraury-March, 1987]
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Newspapers and periodicals

description: Emergency call schedule -- APC -- A legend of the Valentine -- Oyster chowder -- Cherry bread -- Horse'n buggy'n / Roscoe -- To the Hebrides / Marcelle Christopherson -- Studio III North -- Treatise on smoking / Danny Janack -- Poems / Sarah McKenzie -- We were dancing / Karelyn Bird -- Friend / Ianthe -- Mushrooming / Karelyn Bird -- Peace quizz -- Cross wordz / Harlene -- A voice from the beach / Hillel Wright -- Denman Island coffee house series -- To Harold O'Connor / Jackie -- What is green manuring? / B.C. Ministry of Agriculture -- Direct your eye right inward / Thoreau -- Scottish toast / Burns -- Directory
title: High Tides No.52 [January, 1987]
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Newspapers and periodicals

description: Emergency call schedule -- Column / Ray Skelly -- Clam chowder -- French onion soup -- Old fashioned vegetable soup -- Creeps of the deeps / Roscoe -- Urgent - your immediate action needed for seed control legislation proposed in Ottawa / Canadian Organic Growers -- Everyday / Karelyn Bird -- Sometouch / Deanna Barnhardt -- My children have discovered that life is wonderful, after all / Karelyn Bird -- Grouse beats low / Deanna Barnhardt -- Cross wordz / Harlene -- A voice from the beach / Wiley Moon -- Directory
ДИСЛИПИДЕМИЯ В РАЗНЫЕ ПЕРИОДЫ ХРОНИЧЕСКОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ ПОЧЕК
Creators: name: Бобокулов, Максуд
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В литературе непропорционально противоречиво относительно связи дислипидемии с развитием хронической болезни почек (ХБП) и влияния изменений липидного обмена у реципиентов. Поэтому мы сочли необходимым провести научные исследования по изучению параметров липидного спектра и анализу данных, связанных с дислипидемией, с целью оценки дисметаболических факторов пересаженной почки у пациентов-реципиентов почки.
TRPV4, A CALCIUM-PERMEABLE CHANNEL, PLAYS A ROLE IN MATRIX STIFFNESS INDUCED MACROPHAGE POLARIZATION
Creators: name: Dutta, Bidisha
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biology
subject: Biomedical engineering
subject: Cellular biology
subject: Macrophages
subject: Polarization
subject: Substrate stiffness
subject: TRPV4

description: Phenotypic polarization of macrophages is deemed essential in innate immunity and various pathophysiological processes, but little is known about how mechanical forces like matrix stiffness regulate the polarization and the associated signaling mechanisms. Here we report that calcium ion channel Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a mechanosensitive receptor/channel, mediates the substrate stiffness-induced macrophage polarization. Using atomic force microscopy, we show that fibrosis-induced tissue stiffness is dependent on TRPV4. M1 macrophages were found to be the predominant macrophage subtype in stiffer tissues and loss of TRPV4 significantly decreased the level of M1 macrophages. These findings were further validated by our in vitro assays indicating that increase in substrate stiffness leads to an increased secretion of M1 proinflammatory mediators, which is further enhanced by the addition of soluble factors. Taken together, these findings provide new insights about the role of TRPV4 in matrix stiffness-induced macrophage polarization that can be explored in tissue engineering and in the development of targeted therapeutics.
Cdw Specifications And Material Requirements For Prefabricated Structures
Creators: name: Zerbi, Tommaso
name: Barbagelata, Marco
name: Mony Khosravi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Construction Demolition Waste
Circular Economy
Recycling Reuse Refurbushment
Material Requirements
Prefabricated Structures
CDW Processing
CDW Sorting System

description: This deliverable collects the features of CDW materials feeding the sorting system and the required specifications for recycled materials to be used for prefabrication.
title: High Tides No.51 [December, 1986]
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: Newspapers and periodicals

description: Emergency call schedule -- Denman Island Peace Group / Sally Campbell -- Sherlock Holmes and the case of C.B. / I. Dunneau -- Christmas - Africa -- Carrot pudding -- Light coconut fruit cake -- A voice from the beach / Hillel Wright -- Big Mountain -- Snowechoes / Deanna Barnhardt -- A Christmas song -- Snowpoem / Deanna Barnhardt -- Things to know regarding funding -- To: Ianthe O'Grogan / Marsha Woodburn -- Dear Marsha / Ianthe O'Grogan -- Service directory
Making Sense of Play in Video Games: Ludus, Paidia, and Possibility Spaces
Creators: name: Jensen, Graham
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2021
Subjects: play
video games
paidia
ludus
possibility spaces
Mikhail Bakhtin
Roger Caillois

description:
This article synthesizes the work of video game theorists such as Gonzalo Frasca (2003), Katie Salen and Eric Zimmerman (2003), Ian Bogost (2008), and Steven E. Jones (2008) in order to build on academic and interdisciplinary discussions of play and its effect on PC- or console-based video games.  Examples are used to elucidate the potentially problematic categories of “paidic” and “ludic” games, as well as to explore further the ways in which uninhibited play, “metagaming,” and the inevitable influence of socio-cultural factors gradually transform—and become codified within—the landscape of digital games. Finally, the article offers Mikhail Bakhtin’s notions of opposing “centripetal” and “centrifugal” forces as analytical tools according to which the connections between in-game activities and out-of-game social and cultural contexts can be usefully examined by future critics.
The Contribution From TeV Halos to the Isotropic Gamma-Ray Background
Creators: name: Xu, Fei
name: Hooper, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations have shown that pulsars are surrounded by extended regions which emit TeV-scale gamma rays through the inverse Compton scattering of very high energy electrons and positrons. Such TeV halos are responsible for a large fraction of the Milky Way's TeV-scale gamma-ray emission. In this paper, we calculate the gamma-ray spectrum from the population of TeV halos located within the Andromeda Galaxy, predicting a signal that is expected to be detectable by the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). We also calculate the contribution from TeV halos to the isotropic gamma-ray background (IGRB), finding that these sources should contribute significantly to this flux at the highest measured energies, constituting up to $\sim 20\%$ of the signal observed above $\sim 0.1 \, {\rm TeV}$.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Ungated, plug-and-play preclinical cardiac CEST-MRI using radial FLASH with segmented saturation
Creators: name: Weigand-Whittier, Jonah
name: Wendland, Michael
name: Lam, Bonnie
name: Velasquez, Mark
name: Vandsburger, Moriel H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: ECG and respiratory-gated preclinical cardiac CEST-MRI acquisitions are difficult due to variable saturation recovery with T1, RF interference in the ECG signal, and offset-to-offset variation in Z-magnetization and cardiac phase introduced by changes in cardiac frequency and trigger delays. Methods: The proposed method consists of segmented saturation modules with radial FLASH readouts and golden angle progression. The segmented saturation blocks drive the system to steady-state, and because center k-space is sampled repeatedly, steady-state saturation dominates contrast during gridding and reconstruction. Ten complete Z-spectra were acquired in healthy mice using both ECG and respiratory-gated, and ungated methods. Z-spectra were also acquired at multiple saturation B1 values to optimize for amide and creatine contrasts. Results: There was no significant difference between CEST contrasts (amide, creatine, MT) calculated from images acquired using ECG and respiratory-gated and ungated methods (p = 0.27, 0.11, 0.47). A saturation power of 1.8$μ$T provides optimal contrast amplitudes for both amide and total creatine contrast without significantly complicating CEST contrast quantification due to water direct saturation, magnetization transfer, and RF spillover between amide and creatine pools. Further, variability in CEST contrast measurements was significantly reduced using the ungated radial FLASH acquisition (p = 0.002, 0.006 for amide and creatine respectively). Conclusion: This method enables CEST mapping in the murine myocardium without the need for cardiac or respiratory gating. Quantitative CEST contrasts are consistent with those obtained using gated sequences, and per-contrast variance is significantly reduced. This approach makes preclinical cardiac CEST-MRI easily accessible, even for investigators without prior experience in cardiac imaging.
title: High Tides No.50 [November, 1986]
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: Newspapers and periodicals

description: Denman Island Peace Group / Harlene Holm -- A novel contest / Roscoe -- Big mountain film benefit -- Going places / Pam Willis -- Cancer and diet -- To tot's toes - our savants / R. Dobie -- Words - no / Anon. -- We wish to convey our heartfelt thanks / Doc's family -- Beef stuffed morels -- Chanterelles and zucchini, Italian style -- Cream of mushroom soup -- D.I.R.C.S. / Jackie -- Control of pests / Lida McMartin -- Christmas gift book suggestions / Ianthe O'Grogan -- A voice from the beach / Hillel Wright -- Service directory
On The Distribution of Bayesian Evidences
Creators: name: Keeley, Ryan E.
name: Shafieloo, Arman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We look at the distribution of the Bayesian evidence for mock realizations of supernova and baryon acoustic oscillation data. The ratios of Bayesian evidences of different models are often used to perform model selection. The significance of these Bayes factors are then interpreted using scales such as the Jeffreys or Kass \& Raftery scale. First, we demonstrate how to use the evidence itself to validate the model, that is to say how well a model fits the data, regardless of how well other models perform. The basic idea is that if, for some real dataset a model's evidence lies outside the distribution of evidences that result when the same fiducial model that generates the datasets is used for the analysis, then the model in question is robustly ruled out. Further, we show how to assess the significance of a hypothetically computed Bayes factor. We show that the range of the distribution of Bayes factors can greatly depend on the models in question and also the number of data points in the dataset. Thus, we have demonstrated that the significance of Bayes factors needs to be calculated for each unique dataset.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Biaxial Strain Modulated Valence Band Engineering in III-V Digital Alloys
Creators: name: Ahmed, Sheikh Z.
name: Tan, Yaohua
name: Zheng, Jiyuan
name: Campbell, Joe C.
name: Ghosh, Avik W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some III-V digital alloy avalanche photodiodes exhibit low excess noise. These alloys have low hole ionization coefficients due to presence of small 'minigaps', enhanced effective mass and large separation between light-hole and split-off bands in the valence band. In this letter, an explanation for the formation of the minigaps using a tight binding picture is provided. Furthermore, we demonstrate that decreasing substrate lattice constant can increase the minigap size and mass in the transport direction. This leads to reduced quantum tunneling and phonon scattering of the holes. Finally, we illustrate the band structure modification with substrate lattice constant for other III-V digital alloys.
Tutorial: Classifying Photonic Topology Using the Spectral Localizer and Numerical $K$-Theory
Creators: name: Cerjan, Alexander
name: Loring, Terry A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the spectral localizer framework has emerged as an efficient approach to classifying topology in photonic systems featuring local nonlinearities and radiative environments. In nonlinear systems, this framework provides rigorous definitions for concepts like topological solitons and topological dynamics, where a system's occupation induces a local change in its topology due to the nonlinearity. For systems embedded in radiative environments that do not possess a shared bulk spectral gap, this framework enables the identification of local topology and shows that local topological protection is preserved despite the lack of a common gap. However, as the spectral localizer framework is rooted in the mathematics of $C^*$-algebras, and not vector bundles, understanding and using this framework requires developing intuition for a somewhat different set of underlying concepts than those that appear in traditional approaches to classifying material topology. In this tutorial, we introduce the spectral localizer framework from a ground-up perspective, and provide physically motivated arguments for understanding its local topological markers and associated local measure of topological protection. In doing so, we provide numerous examples of the framework's application to a variety of topological classes, including crystalline and higher-order topology. We then show how Maxwell's equations can be reformulated to be compatible with the spectral localizer framework, including the possibility of radiative boundary conditions. To aid in this introduction, we also provide a physics-oriented introduction to multi-operator pseudospectral methods and numerical $K$-theory, two mathematical concepts that form the foundation for the spectral localizer framework.
description: 29 pages, 11 figures