cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
From the Stasi Commission to the European Court of Human Rights: L’affaire Du Foulard and the Challenge of Protecting the Rights of Muslim Girls
Creators: name: Choudhury, Nusrat
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2007

description: On March 15, 2004, President Jacques Chirac signed a law that prohibited “the wearing of symbols or clothing by which students conspicuously manifest a religious appearance” in French public primary and secondary schools. The Minister of Education of France issued a circular, which the Conseil d’Etat quickly upheld, clarifying that “[t]he prohibited signs and dress are those by which the wearer is immediately recognizable with regard to his or her religion, such as the islamic [sic] veil, whatever its name, the kippah or a crucifix of manifestly exaggerated dimensions.” This ban marked the latest development in a fifteen-year, ongoing controversy known as “‘l’affaire du foulard”-the Headscarf Affair. The affair has proved to be an impassioned debate about the integration of Muslims in France, the influence of political Islam on French soil, gender equality in Muslim communities, and the perceived threat posed by Muslim girls wearing headscarves in school to laïcité, a complex and contested term loosely translated as the French principle of state secularism. While the French ban is phrased generally so as to apply not only to Islamic headscarves but also to Sikh turbans, Jewish yarmulkes, and large Christian crosses, it has had a disproportionate impact on one group of students: Muslim girls. Forty-five of the forty-eight students expelled in the four months following the implementation of the ban were Muslim girls who refused to remove their headscarves when entering public school.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 16 No. 1 (2007)
Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1944-04-14)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1944
Subjects: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
World War, 1939-1945 -- History
World War II
Second World War
World War Two
Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.
Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1944-04-15)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1944
Subjects: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
World War, 1939-1945 -- History
World War II
Second World War
World War Two
Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.
Genetic and environmental influences on morphological traits in salmonids
Creators: name: McMaster, Aidan Clark
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Understanding how morphology is shaped by captive breeding and rearing of fish is becoming increasing important for policy-making surrounding the conservation of aquatic species, as hatchery supplementation becomes more and more commonplace and the potential for impacts on wild populations grows. Therefore, the objective of this thesis was to explore how genetics and environment shape the morphological phenotypes of domestic-wild hybrid salmonids. First, I used photos of F2 hybrid rainbow trout parr after a single growing season in a semi-natural environment to determine whether “domestic” or “wild” phenotypes predominate under these conditions. I found differences in overall body shape, particularly in the head and deepness of the body between the domestic and wild fish. Some phenotypes in the F2s were more similar to those of one or the other of the grandparents reared in hatchery conditions, and others were entirely different, likely due to the differences in food availability, presence of predation, water velocity, etc. in the semi-wild environment compared to a hatchery environment. Next, I used photos of F2 offspring of domestic and wild strains of coho salmon to do a similar analysis, which revealed an extremely fast-growing group of juveniles. I then used next-generation genomic sequencing (PoolSeq) to attempt to find SNPs correlated with this fast growth trait. I found three large regions of differentiation between the fast growing and slow growing F2 fish, with enrichment for processes such as musculoskeletal development, omega peptidase activity, and folate transmembrane transport. The results of my first chapter indicate that the environment has extremely large impacts on morphological phenotypes; however, as shown by my second chapter, genotype can create drastic differences in morphology when rearing conditions are identical. The results of this thesis illustrate the interacting effects of genetics and environment on morphological phenotypes in salmonids.
Binary black hole merger gravitational waves and recoil in the large mass ratio limit
Creators: name: Sundararajan, Pranesh A.
name: Khanna, Gaurav
name: Hughes, Scott A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectacular breakthroughs in numerical relativity now make it possible to compute spacetime dynamics in almost complete generality, allowing us to model the coalescence and merger of binary black holes with essentially no approximations. The primary limitation of these calculations is now computational. In particular, it is difficult to model systems with large mass ratio and large spins, since one must accurately resolve the multiple lengthscales which play a role in such systems. Perturbation theory can play an important role in extending the reach of computational modeling for binary systems. In this paper, we present first results of a code which allows us to model the gravitational waves generated by the inspiral, merger, and ringdown of a binary system in which one member of the binary is much more massive than the other. This allows us to accurately calibrate binary dynamics in the large mass ratio regime. We focus in this analysis on the recoil imparted to the merged remnant by these waves. We closely examine the "antikick", an anti-phase cancellation of the recoil arising from the plunge and ringdown waves, described in detail by Schnittman et al. We find that, for orbits aligned with the black hole spin, the antikick grows as a function of spin. The total recoil is smallest for prograde coalescence into a rapidly rotating black hole, and largest for retrograde coalescence. Amusingly, this completely reverses the predicted trend for kick versus spin from analyses that only include inspiral information.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. D
The Detention, Confinement, and Incarceration of Pregnant Women for the Benefit of Fetal Health
Creators: name: Cherry, April L.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2007

description: In 1998, Yuriko Kawaguchi appeared before Cleveland, Ohio Municipal Court Judge Patricia Cleary and entered a guilty plea to a fifth- degree felony forgery count resulting from her use of a counterfeit credit card. Approximately two weeks before her sentencing hearing, Ms. Kawaguchi wrote to Judge Cleary, informing the judge that she was pregnant and wished to end her pregnancy by obtaining an abortion. At the sentencing hearing the judge objected to the defendant’s plans to obtain an abortion and offered her a “quid pro quo” deal. If the defendant agreed to bring the fetus to term, Judge Cleary promised to sentence her to probation. If Ms. Kawaguchi insisted on having the abortion, then the Judge indicated that she would sentence Ms. Kawaguchi to a prison term of six months. Ms. Kawaguchi refused “the deal.” By the time Ms. Kawaguchi was released by an order of the Eighth District Court of Appeals granting bond, she was too far along in her pregnancy to obtain a legal abortion in the State of Ohio.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 16 No. 1 (2007)
Phase and frequency noise metrology
Creators: name: Rubiola, Enrico
name: Giordano, Vincent
name: Volyanskiy, Kirill
name: Larger, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a consequence of a general trend in the physics of oscillators and clocks towards optics, phase and frequency metrology is rapidly moving to optics too. Yet, optics is not replacing the traditional radio-frequency (RF) and microwave domains. Instead, it adds tough challenges. Precision frequency-stability measurements are chiefly based on the measurement of phase noise, which is the main focus of this article. Major progress has been achieved in two main areas. The first is the extreme low-noise measurements, based on the bridge (interferometric) method in real time or with sophisticated correlation and averaging techniques. The second is the emerging field of microwave photonics, which combines optics and RF/microwaves. This includes the femtosecond laser, the two-way fiber links, the noise measurement systems based on the fiber and the photonic oscillator. Besides, the phenomenology of flicker (1/f) noise is better understood, though the ultimate reasons are still elusive.
description: Invited. 7th Symposium on Frequency Standards and Metrology, 5-11 October 2008, Pacific Grove, California, USA. 10 pages, 10 figures, 20 references
Equality with A Vengeance: Female Conscientious Objectors in Pursuit of A Voice and Substantive Gender Equality
Creators: name: Rimalt, Noya
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2007

description: This Article will investigate the process by which women’s conscientious objection has been simultaneously “masculinized” and formally equalized. The story of female draft resistors in Israel serves as a case study, providing important insights into the inherent constraints of contemporary legal discourse in promoting substantive gender equality and into the relationship between specific legal arrangements and the invisibility of women in the public sphere. This case study also sheds a more nuanced light on the nature of separate legal arrangements for women, and raises important questions about the appropriate feminist agenda for social and legal change. As this Article will analyze and explain, the formal reference to equality that legitimized the denial of the separate right granted to women has far reaching consequences from a woman’s perspective. When those consequences are compared with the old regime of gender separation, it is unclear whether women were better off before or after the change. In this sense, it seems that Shani Werner underestimated the significance of her conscientious objection with regard to its transformative potential. True, in the framework of the original legal structure, women’s “voice” of resistance was weak and largely ignored; however, it was not meaningless in the public sphere. Rather, considering the central role of the military in Israel in shaping the meaning of citizenship in a male-biased manner, the practice of women’s conscientious objection to the draft appeared to hold the promise of reconstructing the commitments of citizenship in a non- militaristic vein that would have been a significant step toward substantive gender equality. Given the Supreme Court’s recent decision,” however, the possibility that this form of conscientious objection would win recognition has been completely undermined, as has its growing influence in the public sphere.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 16 No. 1 (2007)
Major Surge Activity of Super-Active Region NOAA 10484
Creators: name: Uddin, W.
name: Kumar, P.
name: Srivastava, A. K.
name: Chandra, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed two surges in H-alpha from the super-active region NOAA 10484. The first surge was associated with an SF/C4.3 class flare. The second one was a major surge associated with a SF/C3.9 flare. This surge was also observed with SOHO/EIT in 195 angstrom and NoRh in 17 GHz, and showed similar evolution in these wavelengths. The major surge had an ejective funnel-shaped spray structure with fast expansion in linear (about 1.2 x 10^5 km) and angular (about 65 deg) size during its maximum phase. The mass motion of the surge was along open magnetic field lines, with average velocity about 100 km/s. The de-twisting motion of the surge reveals relaxation of sheared and twisted magnetic flux. The SOHO/MDI magnetograms reveal that the surges occurred at the site of companion sunspots where positive flux emerged, converged, and canceled against surrounding field of opposite polarity. Our observations support magnetic reconnection models for the surges and jets.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; To appear in "Magnetic Coupling between the Interior and the Atmosphere of the Sun", eds. S.S. Hasan and R.J. Rutten, Astrophysics and Space Science Series, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Berlin, 2009
Obscenity Law and Its Consequences in Mid-Nineteenth-Century America
Creators: name: Dennis, Donna I.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2007

description: The conventional history of obscenity and pornography in America begins about one hundred thirty years ago with the passage of the Comstock Act in 1873, which banned obscene literature from the mail. A resulting climate of sexual repression prevailed until the middle of the twentieth century, when the United States Supreme Court’s decision in Roth v. United States, and later in Miller v. California, loosened restrictions on the sale of sexually explicit material to adults. The standard narrative picks up again in the late twentieth century with the efforts of feminist theorists and activists Catharine MacKinnon and Andrea Dworkin to suppress pornography as a violation of women’s civil rights. It ends with present-day controversies over the flood of sexually explicit images on the Internet and panic over child pornography.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 16 No. 1 (2007)
Cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab + chemotherapy versus chemotherapy and pembrolizumab monotherapy in first line treatment of NSCLC in the US – updated analyses with additional trial follow-up
Creators: name: Insinga, Ralph P.
name: Feliciano, Josephine L.
name: Qiao, Nan
name: Vandormael, Kristel
name: Zhang, Ying
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Pembrolizumab + chemotherapy substantially extends life expectancy for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Its cost-effectiveness (CE) was previously evaluated based on interim trial analyses (follow-up ∼1 year). The present analysis describes CE incorporating additional follow-up based on protocol-specified final trial analyses (1–1.5 years additional follow-up), from a US healthcare payer perspective. A partitioned survival model is used to compare pembrolizumab + chemotherapy vs chemotherapy using data from the KN189 (non-squamous patients) and KN407 (squamous patients) clinical trials. An indirect treatment comparison vs pembrolizumab monotherapy is made for patient subgroups with PD-L1 TPS ≥50% and 1–49% based on data from the KN024 and KN042 trials. Efficacy, treatment utilization, health utility, and safety data are derived from trials and projected over 20 years. Costs for drugs, non-drug disease management, and adverse events are also incorporated. Overall, versus chemotherapy alone, pembrolizumab + chemotherapy is projected to increase life expectancy by 1.12 years (3.35 vs 2.23) and 0.67 years (3.17 vs 2.50) in non-squamous and squamous patients, respectively. Resultant ICERs ($158,030/QALY and $178,387/QALY) are below a US 3-times GDP per capita threshold ($195,000/QALY). ICERs vs chemotherapy also generally fall below the threshold within PD-L1 sub-groups (except in squamous PD-L1 < 1%, which may have differed due to small sample size) while ICERs vs pembrolizumab monotherapy in PD-L1 ≥ 50% and 1–49% sub-groups generally exceed it (except in squamous PD-L1 1–49%); largely a result of the higher drug acquisition cost of pembrolizumab + chemotherapy relative to differences in life expectancy. Taken together, with longer-term trial follow-up and in the context of prior literature, in the US, one of the two options for pembrolizumab use (either pembrolizumab + chemotherapy or pembrolizumab monotherapy), represents a cost-effective treatment in virtually all non-squamous and squamous metastatic NSCLC patient populations and PD-L1 sub-groups evaluated.
Code Instructions from Goal-directed graph construction using reinforcement learning
Creators: name: Darvariu, Victor-Alexandru
name: Hailes, Stephen
name: Musolesi, Mirco
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80201 Analysis of Algorithms and Complexity

description: Describes how to configure and run the code to reproduce the results.
Constraining Running Non-Gaussianity
Creators: name: Sefusatti, Emiliano
name: Liguori, Michele
name: Yadav, Amit P. S.
name: Jackson, Mark G.
name: Pajer, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The primordial non-Gaussian parameter fNL has been shown to be scale-dependent in several models of inflation with a variable speed of sound. Starting from a simple ansatz for a scale-dependent amplitude of the primordial curvature bispectrum for two common phenomenological models of primordial non-Gaussianity, we perform a Fisher matrix analysis of the bispectra of the temperature and polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation and derive the expected constraints on the parameter nNG that quantifies the running of fNL(k) for current and future CMB missions such as WMAP, Planck and CMBPol. We find that CMB information alone, in the event of a significant detection of the non-Gaussian component, corresponding to fNL = 50 for the local model and fNL = 100 for the equilateral model of non-Gaussianity, is able to determine nNG with a 1-sigma uncertainty of Delta nNG = 0.1 and Delta nNG = 0.3, respectively, for the Planck mission. In addition, we consider a Fisher matrix analysis of the galaxy power spectrum to determine the expected constraints on the running parameter nNG for the local model and of the galaxy bispectrum for the equilateral model from future photometric and spectroscopic surveys. We find that, in both cases, large-scale structure observations should achieve results comparable to or even better than those from the CMB, while showing some complementarity due to the different distribution of the non-Gaussian signal over the relevant range of scales. Finally, we compare our findings to the predictions on the amplitude and running of non-Gaussianity of DBI inflation, showing how the constraints on a scale-dependent fNL(k) translate into constraints on the parameter space of the theory.
description: 37 pages, 14 figures
The Formal Equality Theory in Practice: The Inability of Current Antidiscrimination Law to Protect Conventional and Unconventional Persons
Creators: name: Mange, Monica Diggs
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2007

description: The purpose of this Article is to expose the way in which Title VII and equal protection law fail to protect adequately all persons in instances where social judgment of what it means to be a man or a woman (“gender”) rather than biology (“sex”) is at issue. This Article posits that, in a world where men and women are increasingly permitted to have both “feminine” or “masculine” preferences, the current antidiscrimination model does not adequately ensure equality for all persons. Instead, the law in this context inevitably champions the preferences or characteristics of particular categories of persons to the possible detriment of others, depending on whether a court finds that there is a similarity or difference between the sexes. In both scenarios, the law oftentimes arbitrarily deprives entire groups of persons of legal protection.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 16 No. 1 (2007)
Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1944-04-02)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1944
Subjects: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
World War, 1939-1945 -- History
World War II
Second World War
World War Two
Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.
Supplementary Methods, Results, Figures and Tables from Experimental cross species transmission of a major viral pathogen in bees is predominantly from honeybees to bumblebees
Creators: name: Tehel, Anja
name: Streicher, Tabea
name: Tragust, Simon
name: Paxton, Robert J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: additional information to methods used in this study (RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, qPCR), additional results relating to the quantification of viral titres in donor and recipient bees of experiments 1 and 2 and additional figures and tables
Ferienressorts in der Karibik
Creators: name: Theune, Claudia
Publisher: name: VML Verlag Marie Leidorf
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 19. Jahrhundert
subject: Funde der Moderne
subject: Inselgruppe Five Islands
subject: Karibische Hausbauweise
subject: Trinidad und Tobago
subject: 900

description: Einige kleine Inseln im Golf von Paria, Trinidad und Tobago wurden im 19. Jh., als die Inselgruppe eine Kolonie des Vereinigten Königreichs Großbritanniens war, wohlhabenden britischen Familien übertragen und als Ferienressort genutzt. Auf den sog. Five Islands, einem Archipel bestehend aus sechs Inseln, wurden Häuser errichtet, die im Prinzip lokalen Traditionen folgten, aber auch europäische Einflüsse aufweisen und für das tropische Klima ausgelegt waren. Die Häuser standen auf Pfeilern, die aus Ziegel oder örtlichem Gestein konstruiert waren, so dass einerseits eine stete und gute Durchlüftung gewährleistet war und andererseits starker Regen nicht in das Erdgeschoss des Hauses eindringen konnte. Gleichzeitig wurde in dem unebenen Gelände ein einheitliches Niveau für die Wohnfläche geschaffen. Eine Vielzahl von Fenstern, die in alle Wände eingebaut waren, sorgte zusätzlich für eine gute Belüftung und ein angenehmes Klima. Küchen mit einem Backofen lagen etwas abseits der Häuser. Die Funde, die im Kontext mit diesen Ferienhäusern aus dem 19. Jh. stehen, stammen aus Europa. Vornehmlich handelt es sich um Steinzeug-Bierflaschen, Irdenware und Glas aus Großbritannien; die zum Teil im 19. Jh. produzierenden Manufakturen zugeordnet werden können. Einige Firmenmarkierungen erlauben eine präzise Bestimmung. Etliche Mineralwasserflaschen aus Steinzeug stammen aus deutscher Produktion, aus Selters an der Lahn.
Universal condition for critical percolation thresholds of kagome-like lattices
Creators: name: Ziff, Robert M.
name: Gu, Hang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattices that can be represented in a kagome-like form are shown to satisfy a universal percolation criticality condition, expressed as a relation between P_3, the probability that all three vertices in the triangle connect, and P_0, the probability that none connect. A linear approximation for P_3(P_0) is derived and appears to provide a rigorous upper bound for critical thresholds. A numerically determined relation for P_3(P_0) gives thresholds for the kagome, site-bond honeycomb, (3-12^2), and "stack-of-triangle" lattices that compare favorably with numerical results.
description: Several new figures and small changes
Commissioning the Truth
Creators: name: Orford, Anne
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2006

description: This Article was originally written as an invited contribution to a workshop on Gender and Transitional Justice organized by the International Centre for Transitional Justice. My particular assignment for that workshop was to write a discussion paper which addressed the key category of “truth.” The idea of truth has a particularly potent role to play in the world of transitional justice. For many scholars and practitioners in this field, uncovering the truth is understood as a vital task, both at an individual and at a collective level. At the individual level, truth-telling is presented in therapeutic terms, as a means of healing those who have been wounded by the violence of civil war, revolution, or despotism. At the collective level, establishing the truth of a contested history is understood as a necessary basis for moving forward as a nation and creating the conditions for a viable, shared life. The title of this Article indicates a certain distance from this vision of the ends of truth. In particular, the word “commissioning” is there as a reminder. Throughout, this Article makes visible the institutional conditions and productive effects of the commissioning of truth. Testimony or speech becomes part of commissioned truth through institutional mediation-through the institutions of language, of the state, and of liberal internationalism. How should we try to understand what takes place when an international body, a state, or a private organization seeks to write the truth of history? How should we understand the situation of the subject who is called upon to speak her truth in such a context? What does the act of writing a commissioned truth bring into being? What does the commissioning of an official truth mean for the addressees of such performances?
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 15 No. 3 (2006)
Exceptional flaring activity of the anomalous X-ray pulsar 1E 1547.0-5408
Creators: name: Savchenko, V.
name: Neronov, A.
name: Beckmann, V.
name: Produit, N.
name: Walter, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We studied an exceptional period of activity of the anomalous X-ray pulsar 1E 1547.0-5408 in January 2009, during which about 200 bursts were detected by INTEGRAL. The major activity episode happened when the source was outside the field of view of all the INTEGRAL instruments. But we were still able to study the properties of 84 bursts detected simultaneously by the anti-coincidence shield of the spectrometer SPI and by the detector of the imager ISGRI. We find that the luminosity of the 22 January 2009 bursts of 1E 1547.0-5408 was > 1e42 erg/s. This luminosity is comparable to that of the bursts of soft gamma repeaters (SGR) and is at least two orders of magnitude larger than the luminosity of the previously reported bursts from AXPs. Similarly to the SGR bursts, the brightest bursts of 1E 1547.0-5408 consist of a short spike of ~100 ms duration with a hard spectrum, followed by a softer extended tail of 1-10 s duration, which occasionally exhibits pulsations with the source spin period of ~2 s. The observation of AXP bursts with luminosities comparable to the one of SGR bursts strengthens the conjecture that AXPs and SGRs are different representatives of one and the same source type.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, accepted to Astronomy & Astrophysics
Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1944-04-03)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1944
Subjects: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
World War, 1939-1945 -- History
World War II
Second World War
World War Two
Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.
Political Violence and Gender During Times of Transition
Creators: name: Aoláin, Finnuala Ní
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2006

description: At the heart of transitional justice discourse is an ongoing conversation about accountability for human rights violations that occur in a context of regime repression or violent conflict. That accountability dialogue has generally been preoccupied with attempts to define the forms of political violence that should be addressed by various formal and informal mechanisms, such as trials and other truth-seeking processes. This Article will examine the multiple ways in which transitional justice processes have conceptualized political violence, and how that maps onto a gendered understanding of violence experiences and accountability mechanisms in a transitional context. In general, greater scrutiny of the neutrality of the transitional project has led to a more critical appraisal of the gendered aspects of transition.’ The premise of this inquiry is that accepted discourses in transitional societies surrounding the nature and form of political violence, as well as the legal accounting for such violence, has been deeply gendered. Specific to this inquiry is the characterization of certain kinds of violent action as linked to the conflict and/or the repressive regime, and the exclusion of other forms of violence from within the definitional boundary. Defining political violence often becomes a contest between opposing political factions as to whose acts of violence are to be defined as “political” (and thus justifiable) and whose are not (and remain subject to ordinary criminal sanction).
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 15 No. 3 (2006)
Embedding value: perspectives on a foundation level course in arts and humanities
Creators: name: Feather, Daniel J
name: Hazzard, Christinna
Publisher: name: Innovations in Practice
Year: 2021

description: The number of learners opting to study on a foundation level programme at universities in England has risen sharply over the last few years. Foundation level courses at university represent a vital opportunity for learners to progress to undergraduate courses, especially those learners from areas where participation in higher education has been traditionally very low. This paper offers a reflection on the foundation level course delivered at LJMU’s School of Humanities and Social Science, which has featured on the institutional prospectus since 2017. The tutors reflect on the adjustments that have been made to both the organisation and delivery of teaching, underlined by the development of an inclusive and open learning community. Based on the authors’ experiences, it is argued that foundation level courses at university are well calibrated to support the UK government’s levelling up agenda and, ahead of the 2021 Spending Review, the paper is therefore a counterpoint to recommendations made on the foundation level programme in the Augar Review of post-18 education funding.
description: Innovations in Practice, Vol 15 No 1 (2021)
Advances in biomimetic photoelectrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide
Creators: name: Yang, Nianjun
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: CO2 conversion
subject: Electron transfer
subject: Photoelectrocatalysis
subject: Reaction mechanisms
subject: CO2-Umwandlung
subject: Elektronenübertragung
subject: Photoelektrokatalyse
subject: Reaktionsmechanismen
subject: Kohlendioxid
subject: Biomimetische Reaktion

description: Emerging photoelectrocatalysis (PEC) systems synergize the advantages of electrocatalysis (EC) and photocatalysis (PC) and are considered a green and efficient approach to CO2 conversion. However, improving the selectivity and conversion rate remains a major challenge. Strategies mimicking natural photosynthesis provide a prospective way to convert CO2 with high efficiency. Herein, several typical strategies are described for constructing biomimetic photoelectric functional interfaces; such interfaces include metal cocatalysts/semiconductors, small molecules/semiconductors, molecular catalysts/semiconductors, MOFs/semiconductors, and microorganisms/semiconductors. The biomimetic PEC interface must have enhanced CO2 adsorption capacity, preferentially activate CO2, and have an efficient conversion ability; with these properties, it can activate C=O bonds effectively and promote electron transfer and C-C coupling to convert CO2 to single-carbon or multicarbon products. Interfacial electron transfer and proton coupling on the biomimetic PEC interface are also discussed to clarify the mechanism of CO2 reduction. Finally, the existing challenges and perspectives for biomimetic photoelectrocatalytic CO2 reduction are presented.
The Phishing Master Anti-Phishing Game
Creators: name: Dietmann, Heike
name: Länge, Tobias
name: Matheis, Philipp
name: Pawelek, Aleksandra Alicja
name: Berens, Benjamin
name: Mossano, Mattia
name: Veit, Maxime
name: Mayer, Peter
name: Volkamer, Melanie
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2022

description: Games are one type of measure developed to raise security awareness. We present the design of a anti-phishing game for public events or for public spaces. We collected feedback on the game and got an impression of individuals' interaction with the game, through a small user study with a convenience sample at a public event. Participants left overall positive feedback on the game. Our anti-phishing game seems to be a good alternative to classical anti-phishing measures -- in particular for public security awareness events. However, further work is required to integrate the received feedback and then evaluate the game in a controlled study.
Novel methodologies for multiaxial strain measurements with piezoresistive films based on graphene nanoplatelets
Creators: name: Yokaribas, Volkan
name: Kraemer, Peter
name: Mende, Alexander B.
name: Fritzen, Claus-Peter
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: Graphene nanoplatelets
subject: Piezoresistive effect
subject: Spray deposition
subject: Strain-differential electrical impedance tomography
subject: Nanoplättchen aus Graphen
subject: Piezoresistiver Effekt
subject: Sprühabscheidung
subject: Dehnungsdifferentiale elektrische Impedanztomographie
subject: Dehnungsmessung
subject: Impedanztomografie
subject: Fotochemische Reaktion
subject: Piezowiderstandseffekt

description: Many recent investigations in the context of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) coatings report surface strain measurements by using piezoresistive sensing capabilities. An often underestimated problem is that the strain field is unknown and the principal strain components as well as their orientations must be determined. Herein, GNP films subjected to multiaxial strain are examined. Experimental results show that although the sensitivity to longitudinal strain is the highest, the ratio between transverse and longitudinal sensitivity exceeds 0.5. The sensitivity to shear strain is much lower. A model assisted study of a random network provides additional guidelines for the different electromechanical sensitivities. In practice, the GNP film is usually subjected to different strains simultaneously so that the multiaxial strain measurement becomes difficult. Therefore, two novel approaches for sensing plane strain components with circular GNP films are developed and successfully verified in experiments. The numerical approach is called strain-differential electrical impedance tomography (SD-EIT), where the proposed piezoresistive model elementwise in a finite element model is implemented and the strain components of a strain rosette are reconstructed. Moreover, an analytical approach is derived from SD-EIT and exhibits further the opportunity to detect anomalies within the piezoresistive sensing behavior of GNP films.
Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1944-04-04)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1944
Subjects: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
World War, 1939-1945 -- History
World War II
Second World War
World War Two
Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.
Coherent State Description of the Ground State in the Tavis-Cummings Model and its Quantum Phase Transitions
Creators: name: Castanos, Octavio
name: Lopez-Pena, Ramon
name: Nahmad-Achar, Eduardo
name: Hirsch, Jorge G.
name: Lopez-Moreno, Enrique
name: Vitela, Javier E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum phase transitions and observables of interest of the ground state in the Tavis-Cummings model are analyzed, for any number of atoms, by using a tensorial product of coherent states. It is found that this "trial" state constitutes a very good approximation to the exact quantum solution, in that it globally reproduces the expectation values of the matter and field observables. These include the population and dipole moments of the two-level atoms and the squeezing parameter. Agreement in the field-matter entanglement and in the fidelity measures, of interest in quantum information theory, is also found.The analysis is carried out in all three regions defined by the separatrix which gives rise to the quantum phase transitions. It is argued that this agreement is due to the gaussian structure of the probability distributions of the constant of motion and the number of photons. The expectation values of the ground state observables are given in analytic form, and the change of the ground state structure of the system when the separatrix is crossed is also studied.
description: 38 pages, 16 figures
Encoding Surgical Videos as Latent Spatiotemporal Graphs for Object and Anatomy-Driven Reasoning
Creators: name: Murali, Aditya
name: Alapatt, Deepak
name: Mascagni, Pietro
name: Vardazaryan, Armine
name: Garcia, Alain
name: Okamoto, Nariaki
name: Mutter, Didier
name: Padoy, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, spatiotemporal graphs have emerged as a concise and elegant manner of representing video clips in an object-centric fashion, and have shown to be useful for downstream tasks such as action recognition. In this work, we investigate the use of latent spatiotemporal graphs to represent a surgical video in terms of the constituent anatomical structures and tools and their evolving properties over time. To build the graphs, we first predict frame-wise graphs using a pre-trained model, then add temporal edges between nodes based on spatial coherence and visual and semantic similarity. Unlike previous approaches, we incorporate long-term temporal edges in our graphs to better model the evolution of the surgical scene and increase robustness to temporary occlusions. We also introduce a novel graph-editing module that incorporates prior knowledge and temporal coherence to correct errors in the graph, enabling improved downstream task performance. Using our graph representations, we evaluate two downstream tasks, critical view of safety prediction and surgical phase recognition, obtaining strong results that demonstrate the quality and flexibility of the learned representations. Code is available at github.com/CAMMA-public/SurgLatentGraph.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, MICCAI 2023
A Solutrean zoomorphic engraved 'plaquette' from the site of Vale Boi, Portugal
Creators: name: Bicho, Nuno
name: Simón Vallejo, María D.
name: Cortés Sánchez, Miguel
Publisher: name: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit
Year: 2021

description: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit, Bd. 59 (2012): Quartär. Internationales Jahrbuch zur Eiszeitalter- und Steinzeitforschung
Imaginaries of AI
Creators: name: Richter, Vanessa
name: Katzenbach, Christian
name: Schäfer, Mike
Publisher: name: Edward Elgar Publishing
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Sociotechnical Imaginaries
subject: STS
subject: Discourse
subject: Stakeholders
subject: communication
subject: Artificial Intelligence (AI)
subject: 70

description: Artificial intelligence (AI) is considered a key technology in contemporary societies. Discursive and public imagination play a pivotal role in envisioning and determining trajectories of AI and its integration in society. Particularly, the approach of sociotechnical imaginaries offers a meaningful perspective to analyze the characteristics and impact of imaginaries surrounding technological advances. As AI seems to be in a formative phase – both as a technology and infrastructure as well as regarding its public perception, it is particularly relevant to understand how imaginaries impact economic, research, and political agendas, and who is pushing which agenda to the foreground above other potential lines of development. Therefore, this chapter provides an introduction to the concept of imaginaries and offers a critical analytical framework to question AI imaginaries. In addition, it provides an overview of current research on sociotechnical imaginaries around AI and related technological discourses considering relevant stakeholders, media representations and public perceptions of the technology.
Gendered Subjects of Transitional Justice
Creators: name: Franke, Katherine M.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2006

description: Transitional societies must contend with a range of complex challenges as they seek to come to terms with and move beyond an immediate past saturated with mass murder, rape, torture, exploitation, disappearance, displacement, starvation, and all other manner of human suffering. Questions of justice figure prominently in these transitional moments, and they do so in a dual fashion that is at once backward and forward looking. Successor governments must think creatively about building institutions that bring justice to the past, while at the same time demonstrate a commitment that justice will form a bedrock of governance in the present and future. This is no easy task, and shortcuts, both in dealing with the past and in building a just future, often appear irresistible. In Martha Minow’s words, justice at this juncture amounts to replacing “violence with words and terror with fairness,” and steering a “path between too much memory and too much forgetting.” The template of mechanisms available to undertake transitional justice are familiar to those who work in this field: prosecutions (domestic and international); truth and reconciliation commissions; lustration (the shaming and banning of perpetrators from public office); public access to police, military and other governmental records; public apology; public memorials; reburial of victims; compensation or reparation to victims and/or their families (in the form of money, land, or other resources); literary and historical writing; and blanket or individualized amnesty. In most cases, justice demands the deployment of a number of these tools, given that no one of them can adequately address and repair the injuries of the past nor chart a fully just future. Transitional justice will always be both incomplete and messy.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 15 No. 3 (2006)