cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cracking in Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavements
Creators: name: Havens, James H.
name: Deen, Robert C.
name: Rahal, Assaf S.
name: Azevedo, Wm. Vernon
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The objective of this study was to monitor placement and evaluate performance of continuously reinforced concrete pavement with an emphasis on determining the time of cracking and crack interval. This paper reports on the design and construction practice for CRCP in Kentucky. Data on crack frequency and time of cracking is also included in an attempt to further explain the cracking pattern associated with CRCP.
Effects of magnetic perturbations and radiation on the runaway avalanche
Creators: name: Svensson, P.
name: Embreus, O.
name: Newton, S. L.
name: Särkimäki, K.
name: Vallhagen, O.
name: Fülöp, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron runaway phenomenon in plasmas depends sensitively on the momentum-space dynamics. However, efficient simulation of the global evolution of systems involving runaway electrons typically requires a reduced fluid description. This is needed for example in the design of essential runaway mitigation methods for tokamaks. In this paper, we present a method to include the effect of momentum-dependent spatial transport in the runaway avalanche growth rate. We quantify the reduction of the growth rate in the presence of electron diffusion in stochastic magnetic fields and show that the spatial transport can raise the effective critical electric field. Using a perturbative approach we derive a set of equations that allows treatment of the effect of spatial transport on runaway dynamics in the presence of radial variation in plasma parameters. This is then used to demonstrate the effect of spatial transport in current quench simulations for ITER-like plasmas with massive material injection. We find that in scenarios with sufficiently slow current quench, due to moderate impurity and deuterium injection, the presence of magnetic perturbations reduces the final runaway current considerably. Perturbations localized at the edge are not effective in suppressing the runaways, unless the runaway generation is off-axis, in which case they may lead to formation of strong current sheets at the interface of the confined and perturbed regions.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures
The $UBV$ Color Evolution of Classical Novae. IV. Time-Stretched $(U-B)_0$-$(M_B-2.5\log f_{\rm s})$ and $(V-I)_0$-$(M_I-2.5\log f_{\rm s})$ Color-Magnitude Diagrams of Novae in Outburst
Creators: name: Hachisu, Izumi
name: Kato, Mariko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light curves and color evolutions of two classical novae can be largely overlapped if we properly squeeze or stretch the timescale of a target nova against that of a template nova by $t'=t/f_{\rm s}$. Then the brightness of the target nova is related to the brightness of the template nova by $(M[t])_{\rm template} = (M[t/f_{\rm s}] - 2.5 \log f_{\rm s})_{\rm target}$, where $M[t]$ is the absolute magnitude and a function of time $t$, and $f_{\rm s}$ is the ratio of timescales between the target and template novae. In the previous papers of this series, we show that many novae broadly overlap in the time-stretched $(B-V)_0$-$(M_V-2.5 \log f_{\rm s})$ color-magnitude diagram. In the present paper, we propose two other $(U-B)_0$-$(M_B-2.5\log f_{\rm s})$ and $(V-I)_0$-$(M_I-2.5\log f_{\rm s})$ diagrams, and show that their tracks overlap for 16 novae and for 52 novae, respectively. Here, $(U-B)_0$, $(B-V)_0$, and $(V-I)_0$ are the intrinsic $U-B$, $B-V$, and $V-I$ colors and not changed by the time-stretch, and $M_B$, $M_V$, and $M_I$ are the absolute $B$, $V$, and $I$ magnitudes. Using these properties, we considerably refine the previous estimates of their distance and reddening. The obtained distances are in reasonable agreement with those of {\it Gaia} Data Release 2 catalogue.
description: 211 pages, 178 figures, typos corrected, published in ApJS, 253, 27 (2021). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1905.10655
Constraints on Axion-like Particles from a Hard $X$-ray Observation of Betelgeuse
Creators: name: Xiao, Mengjiao
name: Perez, Kerstin M.
name: Giannotti, Maurizio
name: Straniero, Oscar
name: Mirizzi, Alessandro
name: Grefenstette, Brian W.
name: Roach, Brandon M.
name: Nynka, Melania
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the first observation of Betelgeuse in hard $X$-rays to perform a novel search for axion-like particles (ALPs). Betelgeuse is not expected to be a standard source of $X$-rays, but light ALPs produced in the stellar core could be converted back into photons in the Galactic magnetic field, producing a detectable flux that peaks in the hard $X$-ray band ($E_γ>10\mathrm{\,keV}$). Using a 50 ks observation of Betelgeuse by the $NuSTAR$ satellite telescope, we find no significant excess of events above the expected background. Using models of the regular Galactic magnetic field in the direction of Betelgeuse, we set a 95% C.L. upper limit on the ALP-photon coupling of ${g_{aγ}
Forces behind China's Surging Trade: Competitiveness or Policy Driven?
Creators: name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Tuan, Francis C.
name: Gehlhar, Mark J.
name: Diao, Xinshen
name: Langley, Suchada V.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Tuan, Francis C.
name: Gehlhar, Mark J.
name: Diao, Xinshen
name: Langley, Suchada V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: China
subject: international trade
subject: growth
subject: policies

description: This paper delves into China's differential growths in trade flows with high income countries by focusing on bilateral content of trade data over the time period 1962-2005. Unlike other studies, we account for end use of traded goods ranging from primary, intermediate, and finished goods because China's policies impact all segments China's trade flows. China's trade growth patterns with major high income countries clearly indicate that the adjacency-neighborhood partners alone is unlikely to explain its unprecedented growth in exports and imports. China's outstanding performance in trade growth can be traced back to the 1970s with changes in its policies and increased involvement in the international segmentation of production processes and preferential tariff treatment to assembling and processing activities.
Exact many-body scars and their stability in constrained quantum chains
Creators: name: Surace, Federica Maria
name: Votto, Matteo
name: Lazo, Eduardo Gonzalez
name: Silva, Alessandro
name: Dalmonte, Marcello
name: Giudici, Giuliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum scars are non-thermal eigenstates characterized by low entanglement entropy, initially detected in systems subject to nearest-neighbor Rydberg blockade, the so called PXP model. While most of these special eigenstates elude an analytical description and seem to hybridize with nearby thermal eigenstates for large systems, some of them can be written as matrix product states (MPS) with size-independent bond dimension. We study the response of these exact quantum scars to perturbations by analysing the scaling of the fidelity susceptibility with system size. We find that some of them are anomalously stable at first order in perturbation theory, in sharp contrast to the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. However, this stability seems to breakdown when all orders are taken into account. We further investigate models with larger blockade radius and find a novel set of exact quantum scars, that we write down analytically and compare with the PXP exact eigenstates. We show that they exhibit the same robustness against perturbations at first order.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
New rotating black holes in non-linear Maxwell $f({\cal R})$ gravity
Creators: name: Nashed, G. G. L.
name: Saridakis, Emmanuel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate static and rotating charged spherically symmetric solutions in the framework of $f({\cal R})$ gravity, allowing additionally the electromagnetic sector to depart from linearity. Applying a convenient, dual description for the electromagnetic Lagrangian, and using as an example the square-root $f({\cal R})$ correction, we solve analytically the involved field equations. The obtained solutions belong to two branches, one that contains the Kerr-Newman solution of general relativity as a particular limit and one that arises purely from the gravitational modification. The novel black hole solution has a true central singularity which is hidden behind a horizon, however for particular parameter regions it becomes a naked one. Furthermore, we investigate the thermodynamical properties of the solutions, such as the temperature, energy, entropy, heat capacity and Gibbs free energy. We extract the entropy and quasilocal energy positivity conditions, we show that negative-temperature, ultracold, black holes are possible, and we show that the obtained solutions are thermodynamically stable for suitable model parameter regions.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, version published in Phys.Rev.D
LATOR Covariance Analysis
Creators: name: Plowman, Joseph E.
name: Hellings, Ronald W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a covariance study for the proposed Laser Astrometric Test of Relativity (LATOR) mission. This mission would send two laser-transmitter spacecraft behind the Sun and measure the relative gravitational light bending of their signals using a hundred-meter-baseline optical interferometer to be constructed on the International Space Station. We assume that each spacecraft is equipped with a $ < 1.9 \times 10^{-13} \mathrm{m} \mathrm{s}^2 \mathrm{Hz}^{-1/2} $ drag-free system and assume approximately one year of data. We conclude that the observations allow a simultaneous determination of the orbit parameters of the spacecraft and of the Parametrized Post-Newtonian (PPN) parameter $γ$ with an uncertainty of $2.4 \times 10^{-9}$. We also find a $6 \times 10^{-9}$ determination of the solar quadrupole moment, $J_2$, as well as the first measurement of the second-order post-PPN parameter $δ$ to an accuracy of about $10^{-3}$.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures. first revision: minor changes to results. Second revision: additional discussion of orbit modelling and LATOR drag-free system requirement feasibility. Added references to tables I and V (which list PPN parameter uncertainties), removed word from sentence in Section III. 3rd revision: removed 2 incorrect text fragments (referring to impact parameter as distance of closest approach) and reference to upcoming publication of ref. 2, removed spurious gamma from eq. 1 - Last error is still in cqg published version
Additional file 1 of Impaired SorLA maturation and trafficking as a new mechanism for SORL1 missense variants in Alzheimer disease
Creators: name: Rovelet-Lecrux, Anne
name: Feuillette, Sebastien
name: Miguel, Laetitia
name: Schramm, Catherine
name: Pernet, Ségolène
name: Quenez, Olivier
name: Ségalas-Milazzo, Isabelle
name: Guilhaudis, Laure
name: Rousseau, Stéphane
name: Riou, Gaëtan
name: Frébourg, Thierry
name: Campion, Dominique
name: Nicolas, Gaël
name: Lecourtois, Magalie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1.: Supplementary figures.
Phase Space Analysis on some Black Hole Manifolds
Creators: name: Blue, P.
name: Soffer, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q75

description: The Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstrom solutions to Einstein's equations describe space- times which contain spherically symmetric black holes. We consider solutions to the linear wave equation in the exterior of a fixed black hole space- time of this type. We show that for solutions with initial data which decay at infinite, a weighted $L^6$ norm in space decays like $t^{-1/3}$. This weight vanishes at the event horizon, but not at infinite.
description: 63 pages (correction to Morawetz multiplier- 14 August 2006)
A Trajectory-Based Approach to Discrete-Time Flatness
Creators: name: Diwold, Johannes
name: Kolar, Bernd
name: Schöberl, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For discrete-time systems, flatness is usually defined by replacing the time-derivatives of the well-known continuous-time definition by forward-shifts. With this definition, the class of flat systems corresponds exactly to the class of systems which can be linearized by a discrete-time endogenous dynamic feedback as it is proposed in the literature. Recently, verifiable necessary and sufficient differential-geometric conditions for this property have been derived. In the present contribution, we make an attempt to take into account also backward-shifts. This extended approach is motivated by the one-to-one correspondence of solutions of flat systems to solutions of a trivial system as it is known from the continuous-time case. If we transfer this idea to the discrete-time case, this leads to an approach which also allows backward-shifts. To distinguish the classical definition with forward-shifts and the approach of the present paper, we refer to the former as forward-flatness. We show that flat systems (in the extended sense with backward-shifts) still share many beneficial properties of forward-flat systems. In particular, they still are reachable/controllable, allow a straightforward planning of trajectories and can be linearized by a certain subclass of dynamic feedbacks.
Comparative Survey of Cyber-Threat and Attack Trends and Prediction of Future Cyber-Attack Patterns
Creators: name: Chinanu, Uwazie Emmanuel
name: Amujo, Oluyemi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a comparative survey of cyberthreat and attack trends starting from 2010 till date Cyber security breaches are constantly on the rise with huge uncertainty and risks The trend is causing rife globally because of its consequences to national security and economy With diverse interests and motivations for various categories of threats and attacks we carried out a comparative survey and analysis of security breaches to unravel the patterns and predict what will shape future security challenges The diversity of attacks and growing state actors involvement without any sort of regulation is making cyber weapons attractive to the states States are leveraging the anonymity and attribution flaws to hit hard on perceived adversaries thereby complicating the cyber security equation
Additional file 2 of Impaired SorLA maturation and trafficking as a new mechanism for SORL1 missense variants in Alzheimer disease
Creators: name: Rovelet-Lecrux, Anne
name: Feuillette, Sebastien
name: Miguel, Laetitia
name: Schramm, Catherine
name: Pernet, Ségolène
name: Quenez, Olivier
name: Ségalas-Milazzo, Isabelle
name: Guilhaudis, Laure
name: Rousseau, Stéphane
name: Riou, Gaëtan
name: Frébourg, Thierry
name: Campion, Dominique
name: Nicolas, Gaël
name: Lecourtois, Magalie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 2.: Legends of the supplementary figures.
Trapped by the drift
Creators: name: Kubala, Piotr
name: Cieśla, Michał
name: Dybiec, Bartłomiej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diffusion type is determined not only by microscopic dynamics but also by the environment properties. For example, the environment's fractal structure is responsible for the emergence of subdiffusive scaling of the mean square displacement in Markovian systems because the presence of non-trivially placed obstacles puts constraints on possible displacements. We investigate how the additional action of drift changes properties of the diffusion in the crowded environment. It is shown that the action of a constant drift increases chances of trapping, which suppresses the persistent ballistic motion. Such a diffusion becomes anisotropic because the drift introduces a preferred direction of motion which is further altered by interactions with obstacles. Moreover, individual trajectories display a high level of variability, which is responsible for the macroscopic properties of the diffusing front. Overall, the interplay between drift, diffusion and crowded environment, as measured by the time-averaged mean square displacement, is responsible for the emergence of superdiffusive and subdiffusive patterns in the very same system. Importantly, in contrast to free motion, the constant drift can enhance signatures of subdiffusive motion.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures
Reflectionless Potentials and PT Symmetry
Creators: name: Ahmed, Zafar
name: Bender, Carl M.
name: Berry, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large families of Hamiltonians that are non-Hermitian in the conventional sense have been found to have all eigenvalues real, a fact attributed to an unbroken PT symmetry. The corresponding quantum theories possess an unconventional scalar product. The eigenvalues are determined by differential equations with boundary conditions imposed in wedges in the complex plane. For a special class of such systems, it is possible to impose the PT-symmetric boundary conditions on the real axis, which lies on the edges of the wedges. The PT-symmetric spectrum can then be obtained by imposing the more transparent requirement that the potential be reflectionless.
description: 4 Pages
Pair Correlations and Photoassociation Dynamics of Two Atoms in an Optical Tweezer
Creators: name: Weyland, M.
name: Szigeti, S. S.
name: Hobbs, R. A. B.
name: Ruksasakchai, P.
name: Sanchez, L.
name: Andersen, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the photoassociation dynamics of exactly two laser-cooled $^{85}$Rb atoms in an optical tweezer and reveal fundamentally different behavior to photoassociation in many-atom ensembles. We observe non-exponential decay in our two-atom experiment that cannot be described by a single rate coefficient and find its origin in our system's pair correlation. This is in stark contrast to many-atom photoassociation dynamics, which are governed by exponential decay with a single rate coefficient. We also investigate photoassociation in a three-atom system, thereby probing the transition from two-atom dynamics to many-atom dynamics. Our experiments reveal additional reaction dynamics that are only accessible through the control of single atoms and suggest photoassociation could measure pair correlations in few-atom systems. It further showcases our complete control over the quantum state of individual atoms and molecules, which provides information unobtainable from many-atom experiments.
description: main text: 5 pages, 4 figures supplemental: 5 pages, 7 figures
Consumer Likelihood to Purchase Chickens with Novel Production Attributes
Creators: name: Bernard, John C.
name: Pesek, John D.
name: Pan, Xiqian
name: Bernard, John C.
name: Pesek, John D.
name: Pan, Xiqian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: antibiotics
subject: chicken
subject: conjoint analysis
subject: genetically modified
subject: heteroskedastic
subject: irradiated
subject: tobit

description: Typical supermarket chickens are produced with novel or controversial attributes. This continues despite contrasting growth in consumer interest in organic and natural foods. This study surveyed Delaware consumers’ likelihood to purchase chicken given different attributes: free range, given antibiotics, irradiated, fed genetically modified (GM) fee, GM chicken, and price. Examining conjoint analysis data with a heteroskedastic two-limit tobit model, GM chicken and other novel attributes were found to lower purchase likelihood significantly. Understanding these results should help the industry meet consumer preferences while aiding its continued expansion to benefit workers and growers across the South.
Penalized regression calibration: a method for the prediction of survival outcomes using complex longitudinal and high-dimensional data
Creators: name: Signorelli, Mirko
name: Spitali, Pietro
name: Szigyarto, Cristina Al-Khalili
name: Consortium, The MARK-MD
name: Tsonaka, Roula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Longitudinal and high-dimensional measurements have become increasingly common in biomedical research. However, methods to predict survival outcomes using covariates that are both longitudinal and high-dimensional are currently missing. In this article, we propose penalized regression calibration (PRC), a method that can be employed to predict survival in such situations. PRC comprises three modeling steps: First, the trajectories described by the longitudinal predictors are flexibly modeled through the specification of multivariate mixed effects models. Second, subject-specific summaries of the longitudinal trajectories are derived from the fitted mixed models. Third, the time to event outcome is predicted using the subject-specific summaries as covariates in a penalized Cox model. To ensure a proper internal validation of the fitted PRC models, we furthermore develop a cluster bootstrap optimism correction procedure that allows to correct for the optimistic bias of apparent measures of predictiveness. PRC and the CBOCP are implemented in the R package pencal, available from CRAN. After studying the behavior of PRC via simulations, we conclude by illustrating an application of PRC to data from an observational study that involved patients affected by Duchenne muscular dystrophy, where the goal is predict time to loss of ambulation using longitudinal blood biomarkers.
description: The article is now published in Statistics in Medicine (with Open Access)
Analyzing Landowner Demand for Wildlife and Forest Management Information
Creators: name: Munn, Ian A.
name: Hussain, Anwar
name: West, Ben
name: Grado, Stephen C.
name: Jones, W. Daryl
name: Munn, Ian A.
name: Hussain, Anwar
name: West, Ben
name: Grado, Stephen C.
name: Jones, W. Daryl
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: complementary log-log link
subject: landowner information needs
subject: odds ratio
subject: ordinal regression
subject: outreach program budget

description: Determining appropriate topics and target audiences is essential to design effective educational outreach programs. Based on landowner responses to a mail survey, we determined both the importance and the availability of wildlife and forest management information topics to Mississippi landowners. Combining this information clearly identified the appropriate subject matter for outreach programs-topics important to landowners and for which information was relatively unavailable. The importance of wildlife and forest management information relative to its availability depended on the region, land use patterns, and landowner characteristics, thus demonstrating which segments of the population should be targeted to maximize program impact.
The use of latent variable models in policy: A road fraught with peril?
Creators: name: Campbell, Danny
name: Sandorf, Erlend Dancke
Publisher: name: Bio-based and Applied Economics
Year: 2020

description: This paper explores the potential usefulness and possible pitfalls of using integrated choice and latent variable models (hybrid choice models) on stated choice data to inform policy. Using a series of Monte-Carlo simulations, we consider how model selection depends on the strength of relationship between the latent variable and preferences and the strength of relationship between the latent variable and the indicator. Our findings show that integrated choice and latent variable models are difficult to estimate, even when the data generating process is known. Ultimately, we show that their use should be driven by the analyst’s belief about the strength of correlations between preferences, the latent variable and indicator. We discuss the implications of our results for policy.
description: Bio-based and Applied Economics, Vol. 9 No. 3 (2020): Eliciting preferences using stated choice experiments
Instability of the O(5) multicritical behavior in the SO(5) theory of high-Tc superconductors
Creators: name: Hasenbusch, Martin
name: Pelissetto, Andrea
name: Vicari, Ettore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nature of the multicritical point in the three-dimensional O(3)+O(2) symmetric Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson theory, which describes the competition of two order parameters that are O(3) and O(2) symmetric, respectively. This study is relevant for the SO(5) theory of high-Tc superconductors, which predicts the existence of a multicritical point in the temperature-doping phase diagram, where the antiferromagnetic and superconducting transition lines meet. We investigate whether the O(3)+O(2) symmetry gets effectively enlarged to O(5) approaching the multicritical point. For this purpose, we study the stability of the O(5) fixed point. By means of a Monte Carlo simulation, we show that the O(5) fixed point is unstable with respect to the spin-4 quartic perturbation with the crossover exponent $ϕ_{4,4}=0.180(15)$, in substantial agreement with recent field-theoretical results. This estimate is much larger than the one-loop $ε$-expansion estimate $ϕ_{4,4}=1/26$, which has often been used in the literature to discuss the multicritical behavior within the SO(5) theory. Therefore, no symmetry enlargement is generically expected at the multicritical transition. We also perform a five-loop field-theoretical analysis of the renormalization-group flow. It shows that bicritical systems are not in the attraction domain of the stable decoupled fixed point. Thus, in these systems--high-Tc cuprates should belong to this class--the multicritical point corresponds to a first-order transition.
description: 18 pages
Hole spin qubits in Si FinFETs with fully tunable spin-orbit coupling and sweet spots for charge noise
Creators: name: Bosco, Stefano
name: Hetényi, Bence
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strong spin-orbit coupling in hole spin qubits enables fast and electrically tunable gates, but at the same time enhances the susceptibility of the qubit to charge noise. Suppressing this noise is a significant challenge in semiconductor quantum computing. Here, we show theoretically that hole Si FinFETs are not only very compatible with modern CMOS technology, but they present operational sweet spots where the charge noise is completely removed. The presence of these sweet spots is a result of the interplay between the anisotropy of the material and the triangular shape of the FinFET cross-section, and it does not require an extreme fine-tuning of the electrostatics of the device. We present how the sweet spots appear in FinFETs grown along different crystallographic axes and we study in detail how the behaviour of these devices change when the cross-section area and aspect ratio are varied. We identify designs that maximize the qubit performance and could pave the way towards a scalable spin-based quantum computer.
Determining Returns to Storage: Does Data Aggregation Matter
Creators: name: Klumpp, Joni M.
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Anderson, Kim B.
name: Klumpp, Joni M.
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Anderson, Kim B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: aggregate data
subject: data collection
subject: information loss
subject: returns to storage

description: Aggregate data are commonly used to determine returns to storage. However, recent studies have shown that aggregating data may lead to underestimated returns. This article compares aggregate and elevator data from Oklahoma to determine if aggregate data underestimate returns. We find no difference between the mean returns estimated with aggregate data and the mean returns estimated with transaction level data from grain elevators in Oklahoma.
Modeling Crop prices through a Burr distribution and Analysis of Correlation between Crop Prices and Yields using a Copula method.
Creators: name: Tejeda, Hernan A.
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Tejeda, Hernan A.
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Crop insurance
subject: Burr XII distribution
subject: Copula methods
subject: indemnity payouts

description: The U.S. crop insurance program has major policy implications in terms of resource allocations, with government subsidies playing a major role. Efficient implementation of crop revenue insurance contracts requires accurate measures of risk for both crop prices and yields. In addition, rating methods are to consider the natural hedge between prices and yields. Empirical evidence shows that crop prices tend to be positively skewed with fat tails. This paper analysis is two-fold. It first studies crop prices using a Burr distribution, with parameters that capture skewness and kurtosis (fat tails), providing a better fit than current normal or log-normal distributions being used. It then uses a copula method to measure the correlation between crop prices and yields, for the study of crop revenue insurance. Results indicate a smaller probability of payout than present methods being used, having direct implications on the design and rating of crop and revenue insurance contracts.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 07/18/08.
Short period variability in the globular cluster NGC 419 and the SMC field
Creators: name: Martinez-Vazquez, Clara E.
name: Salinas, Ricardo
name: Vivas, A. Katherina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Delta Scuti ($δ$ Sct) stars have been extensively studied in our Galaxy, but far less in extragalactic systems. Here we study the population of $δ$ Sct variables in NGC 419, an intermediate-age globular cluster of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), using $g,r,i$ Gemini-S/GMOS time series observations. Our goal is to study the role of such variables in the cluster extended main-sequence turnoff (MSTO). We report the discovery of 54 $δ$ Sct stars and three eclipsing binaries in the NGC 419 field. We find only a handful of the $δ$ Sct stars at the MSTO of NGC 419 while the majority is fainter, indicating that the cluster is younger ($\lesssim 1.2$ Gyr) than previously thought. Considering their radial distribution, we identify only six $δ$ Sct stars as probable members of NGC 419 while the 48 remaining are likely $δ$ Sct stars of the SMC field. Cluster $δ$ Sct stars appear close to the red edge of the MSTO, supporting the idea that the extended MSTO has its origin in an age spread. The 48 field $δ$ Sct stars represent the largest detection of $δ$ Sct stars made in the SMC. The period distribution of these newly detected $δ$ Sct stars ($0.04 \lesssim P \lesssim 0.15$ d) is similar to that detected in other systems. The amplitude distribution ($0.05 \lesssim Δr \lesssim 0.60$ mag) is likely biased because of the lack of low-amplitude stars. We finally use the $δ$ Sct stars to calculate distances using different period-luminosity relations. The average distance moduli obtained are $18.76\pm0.14$ mag for NGC 419 and $18.86\pm0.11$ mag for the SMC field, which agree with previous measurements.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in AJ
Consumer Preferences for Animal Welfare Attributes: Case of Gestation Crates
Creators: name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
name: Olynk, Nicole J.
name: Wolf, Christopher A.
name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
name: Olynk, Nicole J.
name: Wolf, Christopher A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: animal welfare
subject: economics of legislation
subject: gestation crates
subject: market failure
subject: pork
subject: voluntary labeling
subject: willingness to pay

description: Animal welfare concerns are having dramatic impacts on food and livestock markets. Here we examine consumer preferences for pork products with a focus on use of gestation crates. We examine underlying consumer valuations of pork attributes while considering preference heterogeneity as well as voluntary and legislative alternatives in producing gestation crate-free pork. Our results suggest that prohibiting swine producers from using gestation crates fails to improve consumer welfare in the presence of a labeling scheme documenting voluntary disadoption of gestation crates.
description: Paper replaced with revised version 06/13/08
Department Publications 2007
Creators: name: Letnes, Louise
name: Kill, Sharon
name: Letnes, Louise
name: Kill, Sharon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: This publication is a list of staff papers, extension publications, Center for International Food and Agricultural Policy papers, The Food Industry Center working papers, Economic Development Center papers, Center for Farm Financial Management papers, Minnesota Council on Economic Education publications, International Science & Technology Practice and Policy publications, journal articles, books, chapters, monographs, speeches, web pages, computer software and theses authored by members of the University of Minnesota Department of Applied Economics in 2007.
An Intelligent Native Network Slicing Security Architecture Empowered by Federated Learning
Creators: name: Moreira, Rodrigo
name: Villaca, Rodolfo S.
name: Ribeiro, Moises R. N.
name: Martins, Joberto S. B.
name: Correa, Joao Henrique
name: Carvalho, Tereza C.
name: Silva, Flavio de Oliveira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2; I.6; F.2.2

description: Network Slicing (NS) has transformed the landscape of resource sharing in networks, offering flexibility to support services and applications with highly variable requirements in areas such as the next-generation 5G/6G mobile networks (NGMN), vehicular networks, industrial Internet of Things (IoT), and verticals. Although significant research and experimentation have driven the development of network slicing, existing architectures often fall short in intrinsic architectural intelligent security capabilities. This paper proposes an architecture-intelligent security mechanism to improve the NS solutions. We idealized a security-native architecture that deploys intelligent microservices as federated agents based on machine learning, providing intra-slice and architectural operation security for the Slicing Future Internet Infrastructures (SFI2) reference architecture. It is noteworthy that federated learning approaches match the highly distributed modern microservice-based architectures, thus providing a unifying and scalable design choice for NS platforms addressing both service and security. Using ML-Agents and Security Agents, our approach identified Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) and intrusion attacks within the slice using generic and non-intrusive telemetry records, achieving an average accuracy of approximately $95.60\%$ in the network slicing architecture and $99.99\%$ for the deployed slice -- intra-slice. This result demonstrates the potential for leveraging architectural operational security and introduces a promising new research direction for network slicing architectures.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, Future Generation Computer Systems (FGCS)
Multi-country stated preferences choice analysis for fresh tomatoes
Creators: name: De Salvo, Maria
name: Scarpa, Riccardo
name: Capitello, Roberta
name: Begalli, Diego
Publisher: name: Bio-based and Applied Economics
Year: 2020

description: In this study we investigate consumers’ preferences for fresh tomato attributes in four European countries by assessing and comparing Marginal Willingness-To-Pay (MWTP) estimates from panel Mixed Logit (MXL) models with utility specifications in the WTP-space. We performed an in-depth post-estimation inference to identify what attributes are the main determinants of fresh tomato purchases in each domestic market. We also assess the choice probabilities for tomatoes of various origins and types to illustrate how these post-estimation inference can be used to inform strategies designed to increase the market shares of Italian fresh tomato exports in new markets and to consolidate positions in markets where Italian fresh tomatoes are already appreciated by local consumers.
description: Bio-based and Applied Economics, Vol. 9 No. 3 (2020): Eliciting preferences using stated choice experiments
Developing and testing an effective interactive voice response (IVR) system for the Workers’ Compensation Board of British Columbia
Creators: name: Mehra, Gaurav
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis was the result of a study conducted for the call-centre at the Workers' Compensation Board of British Columbia (WCB). The management at WCB wanted to understand the nature and pattern of calls at their newly opened call-centre. The purpose of this was to provide an efficient customer service while streamlining the flow of calls coming to the call-centre. An extensive data collection exercise was undertaken at the call-centre and two other units of WCB with which the call-centre interacts. The data analysis revealed that a high proportion of calls were related to transfers to these departments. There were also calls related to routine inquiries on claim payment cheques and forms that could potentially be handled by a well designed IVR system. Based on this understanding the development of an effective IVR system was proposed to address the problems that were discovered through documenting the nature and pattern of calls. An extensive review of literature was undertaken to design a new system according to the standard industry guidelines suggested by the best practices and customized to WCB's business needs. Two alternate scripts were developed after analysing the source and purpose of calls to WCB. One was 'person specific' and the other was 'task specific'. The two scripts were tested on students at WCB through a computer-based IVR simulation. The results of the student survey provided evidence that introducing additional options and use of simple and clear instructions in the new scripts could potentially in fact address the problems discovered in the study and they were preferred over the existing WCB script. The IVR simulation is reconfigurable and can be used in future studies to gather further evidence in support of the results obtained in this thesis as well as refine scripts before putting them in a production mode.
Effects of U.S. Farm Programs on Equity and Efficiency
Creators: name: Pope, Micah
name: Keeney, Roman
name: Pope, Micah
name: Keeney, Roman
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: U.S. Farm Policy
subject: Equity
subject: Efficiency

description: This paper analyzes the tradeoffs present between equity and efficiency in farm policy. In terms of equity, we are concerned with the implications of policies on the distribution of income. For efficiency we consider how the profitability of farms is impacted by the same government policies. Specifically of interest will be the relative contributions of direct payments, commodity payments, and conservation payments to each of these measures. Results show that relative to direct payments commodity payments are more efficient (in terms of increasing average farm profitability) but less equitable (large farmers dominate the income gains). Conservation payments are found to be both less equitable and efficient relative to direct payments. We identify segmentation of the farm household population as a limitation of the analysis with respect to measuring impacts of conservation payments.
Additional file 7 of Impaired SorLA maturation and trafficking as a new mechanism for SORL1 missense variants in Alzheimer disease
Creators: name: Rovelet-Lecrux, Anne
name: Feuillette, Sebastien
name: Miguel, Laetitia
name: Schramm, Catherine
name: Pernet, Ségolène
name: Quenez, Olivier
name: Ségalas-Milazzo, Isabelle
name: Guilhaudis, Laure
name: Rousseau, Stéphane
name: Riou, Gaëtan
name: Frébourg, Thierry
name: Campion, Dominique
name: Nicolas, Gaël
name: Lecourtois, Magalie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 7: Table S5: Predicted results obtained with the Dynamut Server upon mutation. Mutations corresponding to maturation-defective proteins are colored in red. No correlation between impaired maturation and missense variants was observed. Indeed S114R, R332W and R654W were predicted to result in more stable structures (positive ΔΔG) while G543E, S654G, S577P and R729W were associated with a decrease of stability (negative ΔΔG).
Disassembling the Nuclear Matrix Elements of the Neutrinoless double beta Decay
Creators: name: Menéndez, J.
name: Poves, A.
name: Caurier, E.
name: Nowacki, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we analyze the nuclear matrix elements (NME) of the neutrinoless double beta decays of the nuclei 48-Ca, 76-Ge, 82-Se, 124-Sn, 130-Te and 136-Xe in the framework of the Interacting Shell Model (ISM). We study the relative value of the different contributions to them, such as higher order terms in the nuclear current, finite nuclear size effects and short range correlations, as well as their evolution with the maximum seniority permitted in the wave functions. We discuss also the build-up of the NME's as a function of the distance between the decaying neutrons. We calculate the decays to final 0+ first excited states and find that these decays are at least 25 times more supressed with respect to the ground state to ground state transition.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures Accepted for publication in Nucl. Phys. A
The yield/quality trade-off and contractual choice
Creators: name: Olmos, Marta Fernandez
name: Rosell-Martinez, Jorge
name: Espitia-Escuer, Manuel Antonio
name: Olmos, Marta Fernandez
name: Rosell-Martinez, Jorge
name: Espitia-Escuer, Manuel Antonio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This paper provides an analysis of the choice of governance mechanism in agriculture using an integrated perspective based on agency theory. The main ways of organizing agriculture are compared: spot market and incentive contract. With the analytical development of both models, it is explored that the choice of the optimal mechanism depends on initial conditions such as uncertainty, the risk aversion of the agents or the number of competitors. Moreover, according to the predictions made by the economic literature on agrarian organization, the results support the coexistence of both governance alternatives.
Computerized Analysis of Stress-Strain Consolidation Data
Creators: name: McNulty, E. Gregory
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: A computerized, mathematical algorithm is described and presented for analyzing the semilogarithmic stress-strain (time-independent) properties of standard, controlled-gradient, and controlled-rate-of-strain consolidation tests. This algorithm is an automation of manual graphical procedures currently used in engineering practice to obtain stress-strain information necessary for use in time-independent settlement analysis. The Casagrande and Schmertmann constructions are analytically represented to determine the preconsolidation stress and the in situ, compressibility coefficients of compression and expansion. Values for each of these parameters range between a probable and minimum value. The point of maximum curvature is determined for the Casagrande construction by use of the mathematical definition of the radius of curvature or by the analytical representation of a newly proposed graphical approach. The location of the point of maximum curvature has been found to depend on the arithmetic scale factors used for the horizontal and vertical directions in the semilogadthmic representation of the consolidation curves. The mathematical algorithm is written in Fortran N for use with the IBM 370/165 computer and the Calcomp 663 drum plotter. The computer program has proven effective in the reduction and analysis of stress-strain data from more than 40 controlled and 30 standard consolidation tests.