cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Intelligenza artificiale e scienza aperta: verso nuove modalità di condivisione della conoscenza
Creators: name: De Robbio, Antonella
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: L'intelligenza artificiale sta trasformando vari ambiti della ricerca scientifica e accademica, potenziando l'accesso aperto e di conseguenza forme di scienza aperta, migliorando la diffusione della conoscenza in modo più inclusivo ed efficace. I recenti premi Nobel 2024 per Fisica e Chimica hanno riconosciuto contributi fondamentali nello sviluppo dell'IA, in particolare del machine learning basato su reti neurali. L'IA, inizialmente limitata a campi specifici, è ora applicata nel 99% delle discipline scientifiche. L'IA sta accelerando la ricerca open access e ha potenziali applicazioni in analisi di big data, ricerca semantica, generazione di abstract e revisione tra pari. L'interazione tra IA e open access promette di trasformare la diffusione della conoscenza scientifica in modo più efficiente ed equo. Oltre a rafforzare le tradizionali missioni di insegnamento e ricerca, l'IA funge da catalizzatore per lo sviluppo sociale, economico e culturale delle comunità che ruotano attorno a ricerca e sviluppo.
Mixing length scales of low temperature spin plaquettes models
Creators: name: Chleboun, P.
name: Faggionato, A.
name: Martinelli, F.
name: Toninelli, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Plaquette models are short range ferromagnetic spin models that play a key role in the dynamic facilitation approach to the liquid glass transition. In this paper we perform a rigorous study of the thermodynamic properties of two dimensional plaquette models, the square and triangular plaquette models. We prove that for any positive temperature both models have a unique infinite volume Gibbs measure with exponentially decaying correlations. We analyse the scaling of three a priori different static correlation lengths in the small temperature regime, the mixing, cavity and multispin correlation lengths. Finally, using the symmetries of the model we determine an exact self similarity property for the infinite volume Gibbs measure.
description: 33 pages, 9 figures
Conductance oscillations with magnetic field of a two-dimensional electron gas-superconductor junction
Creators: name: Chtchelkatchev, Nikolai M.
name: Burmistrov, Igor S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find the current voltage characteristics of a 2DEG-S interface in magnetic field taking into account the surface roughness. Typically in experiments $L/2R_c\gtrsim 3$, where $L$ is the surface length and $R_c$ is the cyclotron radius. The conductance behaves in experiments usually as $G=g_0+g_1\cos(2πν+δ_1)$; higher harmonics, $g_2\cos(4πν+δ_2),...$, are hardly seen. Theories based on the assumption of the interface perfectness can hardly describe qualitatively the visibility of the condctance oscillations and the amplitudes of the harmonics: they predict $g_1\sim g_2\sim g_3,...$. Our approach with the surface roughness qualitatively agrees with experiments. It is shown how a disorder at a 2DEG-S interface suppresses the conductance oscillations with $ν$.
description: draft version
World-volumes and string target spaces
Creators: name: Green, Michael B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: String duality suggests a fascinating juxtoposition of world-volume and target-space dynamics. This is particularly apparent in the $D$-brane description of stringy solitons that forms a major focus of this article (which is {\it not} intended to be a comprehensive review of this extensive subject). The article is divided into four sections: 1. The oligarchy of string world-sheets 2. $p$-branes and world-volumes 3. World-sheets for world-volumes 4. Boundary states, $D$-branes and space-time supersymmetry [This article is based on a talk presented at the CERN Workshop on String Duality (December, 1995) and the published version of a talk at the Buckow Symposium (September, 1995).]
description: 17 pages
Alternative mechanisms of structuring biomembranes: Self-assembly vs. self-organization
Creators: name: John, Karin
name: Baer, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two mechanisms for the formation of protein patterns near membranes of living cells by mathematical modelling. Self-assembly of protein domains by electrostatic lipid-protein interactions is contrasted with self-organization due to a nonequilibrium biochemical reaction cycle of proteins near the membrane. While both processes lead eventually to quite similar patterns, their evolution occurs on very different length and time scales. Self-assembly produces periodic protein patterns on a spatial scale below 0.1 micron in a few seconds followed by extremely slow coarsening, whereas self-organization results in a pattern wavelength comparable to the typical cell size of 100 micron within a few minutes suggesting different biological functions for the two processes.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
A Distance Estimate to the Cygnus Loop Based on the Distances to Two Stars Located Within the Remnant
Creators: name: Fesen, Robert A.
name: Neustadt, Jack M. M.
name: Black, Christine S.
name: Milisavljevic, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Underlying nearly every quantitative discussion of the Cygnus Loop supernova remnant is uncertainty about its distance. Here we present optical images and spectra of nebulosities around two stars whose mass-loss material appears to have interacted with the remnant's expanding shock front and thus can be used to estimate the Cygnus Loop's distance. Narrow passband images reveal a small emission-line nebula surrounding an M4 red giant near the remnant's eastern nebula NGC 6992. Optical spectra of the nebula show it to be shock-heated with significantly higher electron densities than seen in the remnant's filaments. This along with a bow-shaped morphology suggests it is likely red giant mass-loss material shocked and accelerated by passage of the Cygnus Loop's blast wave. We also identify a B7 V star located along the remnant's northwestern limb which also appears to have interacted with the remnant's shock wave. It lies within a small arc of nebulosity in an unusually complex region of highly curved and distorted filaments along the remnant's northern shock front suggestive of a localized disturbance of the shock front due to the B star's stellar winds. Based on the assumption that these two stars lie inside the remnant, combined with an estimated distance to a molecular cloud situated along the remnant's western limb, we propose a distance to the Cygnus Loop of 1.0 +/- 0.2 kpc. Although larger than several recent estimates of 500 - 800 pc, a distance ~1 kpc helps resolve difficulties with the remnant's postshock cosmic ray and gas pressure ratio and estimated supernova explosion energy.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures
title: AN, Registre des écrous du Châtelet, Y5266, f. p1000826
Creators: name: Claustre, Julie
name: Nationales, Archives
name: Archives Nationales
name: Claustre, Julie
name: ArchivesNationales/J.CLAUSTRE/H.REGAZZI/2020
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Châtelet
subject: registre

description: Registre des écrous du Châtelet, Archives Nationales, Y5266. Numérisation en mode image.
description: Bibliographic citation: Archives Nationales, Registre des écrous du Châtelet, Y5266, f. p1000826
Minimal complex surfaces with Levi-Civita Ricci-flat metrics
Creators: name: Liu, Kefeng
name: Yang, Xiaokui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C55

description: This is a continuation of our previous paper [14]. In [14], we introduced the first Aeppli-Chern class on compact complex manifolds, and proved that the $(1,1)$ curvature form of the Levi-Civita connection represents the first Aeppli-Chern class which is a natural link between Riemannian geometry and complex geometry. In this paper, we study the geometry of compact complex manifolds with Levi-Civita Ricci-flat metrics and classify minimal complex surfaces with Levi-Civita Ricci-flat metrics. More precisely, we show that minimal complex surfaces admitting Levi-Civita Ricci-flat metrics are Kähler Calabi-Yau surfaces and Hopf surfaces.
Rapid focus map surveying for whole slide imaging with continues sample motion
Creators: name: Liao, Jun
name: Jiang, Yutong
name: Bian, Zichao
name: Mahrou, Bahareh
name: Nambiar, Aparna
name: Magsam, Alexander W.
name: Guo, Kaikai
name: Cho, Yong Ku
name: Zheng, Guoan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Whole slide imaging (WSI) has recently been cleared for primary diagnosis in the US. A critical challenge of WSI is to perform accurate focusing in high speed. Traditional systems create a focus map prior to scanning. For each focus point on the map, sample needs to be static in the x-y plane and axial scanning is needed to maximize the contrast. Here we report a novel focus map surveying method for WSI. The reported method requires no axial scanning, no additional camera and lens, works for stained and transparent samples, and allows continuous sample motion in the surveying process. It can be used for both brightfield and fluorescence WSI. By using a 20X, 0.75 NA objective lens, we demonstrate a mean focusing error of ~0.08 microns in the static mode and ~0.17 microns in the continuous motion mode. The reported method may provide a turnkey solution for most existing WSI systems for its simplicity, robustness, accuracy, and high-speed. It may also standardize the imaging performance of WSI systems for digital pathology and find other applications in high-content microscopy such as DNA sequencing and time-lapse live-cell imaging.
Additional file 1 of Factors that affect clinical youth engagement in digital mental health research: a qualitative sub-study nested within a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Bye, Amanda
name: Wilson-Lemoine, Emma
name: Trevillion, Kylee
name: Carter, Ben
name: Dutta, Rina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Additional file 2 of B3GALT4 remodels the tumor microenvironment through GD2-mediated lipid raft formation and the c-met/AKT/mTOR/IRF-1 axis in neuroblastoma
Creators: name: Sha, Yong-Liang
name: Liu, Yun
name: Yang, Jia-Xing
name: Wang, Yang-Yang
name: Gong, Bao-Cheng
name: Jin, Yan
name: Qu, Tong-Yuan
name: Xia, Fan-Tong
name: Han, Lei
name: Zhao, Qiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table S2. The primary antibodies utilized for western blot analysis, immunochemistry, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence.
An adaptive software defined radio design based on a standard space telecommunication radio system API
Creators: name: Xiong, Wenhao
name: Tian, Xin
name: Chen, Genshe
name: Pham, Khanh
name: Blasch, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Software defined radio (SDR) has become a popular tool for the implementation and testing for communications performance. The advantage of the SDR approach includes: a re-configurable design, adaptive response to changing conditions, efficient development, and highly versatile implementation. In order to understand the benefits of SDR, the space telecommunication radio system (STRS) was proposed by NASA Glenn research center (GRC) along with the standard application program interface (API) structure. Each component of the system uses a well-defined API to communicate with other components. The benefit of standard API is to relax the platform limitation of each component for addition options. For example, the waveform generating process can support a field programmable gate array (FPGA), personal computer (PC), or an embedded system. As long as the API defines the requirements, the generated waveform selection will work with the complete system. In this paper, we demonstrate the design and development of adaptive SDR following the STRS and standard API protocol. We introduce step by step the SDR testbed system including the controlling graphic user interface (GUI), database, GNU radio hardware control, and universal software radio peripheral (USRP) tranceiving front end. In addition, a performance evaluation in shown on the effectiveness of the SDR approach for space telecommunication.
Additional file 4: of Fecal Aliquot Straw Technique (FAST) allows for easy and reproducible subsampling: assessing interpersonal variation in trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) accumulation
Creators: name: Kymberleigh Romano
name: Dill-McFarland, Kimberly
name: Kasahara, Kazuyuki
name: Kerby, Robert
name: Vivas, Eugenio
name: Amador-Noguez, Daniel
name: Herd, Pamela
name: Rey, Federico
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Figure S2. Unweighted UniFrac beta-diversity of FAST and mouse fecal microbiota. Non-metric multidimensional scaling plots of the unweighted UniFrac metric between all samples. Samples are colored by subject. Shapes indicate sample type. Black ellipses are standard error for human and mouse groups. (PDF 30Â kb)
Interpretable High-Dimensional Inference Via Score Projection with an Application in Neuroimaging
Creators: name: Vandekar, Simon N.
name: Reiss, Philip T.
name: Shinohara, Russell T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the fields of neuroimaging and genetics, a key goal is testing the association of a single outcome with a very high-dimensional imaging or genetic variable. Often, summary measures of the high-dimensional variable are created to sequentially test and localize the association with the outcome. In some cases, the results for summary measures are significant, but subsequent tests used to localize differences are underpowered and do not identify regions associated with the outcome. Here, we propose a generalization of Rao's score test based on projecting the score statistic onto a linear subspace of a high-dimensional parameter space. In addition, we provide methods to localize signal in the high-dimensional space by projecting the scores to the subspace where the score test was performed. This allows for inference in the high-dimensional space to be performed on the same degrees of freedom as the score test, effectively reducing the number of comparisons. Simulation results demonstrate the test has competitive power relative to others commonly used. We illustrate the method by analyzing a subset of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative dataset. Results suggest cortical thinning of the frontal and temporal lobes may be a useful biological marker of Alzheimer's risk.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.2 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Cart. 167 (11 H 67), f. 0077v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2010
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.2 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 167 (11 H 67), f. 0077v, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.2 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 167 (11 H 67), f. 0077v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
VLA HI Line Observations of the Extremely Metal-Poor Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy SBS 0335-052
Creators: name: Pustilnik, S. A.
name: Brinks, E.
name: Thuan, T. X.
name: Lipovetsky, V. A.
name: Izotov, Y. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of HI mapping with the NRAO VLA of one of the most metal-deficient blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxies known, SBS 0335-052, with an oxygen abundance of only 1/40 that of the Sun. We study the structure and dynamics of the neutral gas in this chemically young object with a spatial resolution of 20.5"x15" (~ 5.4 x 3.9 kpc at an assumed distance of 54.3 Mpc), a sensitivity at the 2sigma detection level of ~2.0K or 7.5x10^19 cm^-2 and a velocity resolution of 21.2 km s^-1. We detected a large HI complex associated with this object with an overall size of about 66 by 22 kpc and elongated in the East-West direction. There are two prominent, slightly resolved peaks visible in the integrated HI map, separated in the East-West direction by 22 kpc (84"). The eastern peak is nearly coincident with the position of the optical galaxy SBS 0335-052. The western peak is about a factor of 1.3 brighter in the HI line and is identified with a faint blue compact dwarf galaxy, SBS 0335-052W, with m_B = 19.4, and a metallicity close to the lowest values known for BCDs, about 1/50 that of the Sun. The radial velocities of both systems are similar, suggesting that the two BCDs SBS 0335-052 and SBS 0335-052W constitute a pair of dwarf galaxies embedded in a common HI envelope. Alternatively, the BCDs can be the nuclei of two distinct interacting primordial HI clouds. The estimated total dynamical mass, assuming the BCDs form a bound system, is larger than 6x10^9 Msun. This is to be compared to a total gaseous mass M_gas = 2.1x10^9 Msun, and a total stellar mass Mstar < 10^8 Msun. Hence, the mass of the SBS 0335-052 system is dominated by dark matter (abridged).
description: 14 pages, 8 Postscript figures, uses emulateapj.sty, accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Observation of a Degenerate Fermi Gas Trapped by a Bose-Einstein Condensate
Creators: name: DeSalvo, B. J.
name: Patel, Krutik
name: Johansen, Jacob
name: Chin, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the formation of a stable quantum degenerate mixture of fermionic $^6$Li and bosonic $^{133}$Cs in an optical trap by sympathetic cooling near an interspecies Feshbach resonance. New regimes of the quantum degenerate mixtures are identified. With moderate attractive interspecies interactions, we show that a degenerate Fermi gas of Li can be fully confined in the Cs condensate without external potentials. For stronger attraction where mean-field collapse is expected, no such instability is observed. In this case, we suggest the stability is a result of dynamic equilibrium, where the interspecies three-body loss prevents the collapse. Our picture is supported by a rate equation model, and the crossover between the thermalization rate and the observed inelastic loss rate in the regime where the mean-field collapse is expected to occur.
description: 6 Pages, 4 Figures
Algebraic perturbation theory for dense liquids with discrete potentials
Creators: name: Adib, Artur B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple theory for the leading-order correction g_1(r) to the structure of a hard-sphere liquid with discrete (e.g. square-well) potential perturbations is proposed. The theory makes use of a general approximation that effectively eliminates four-particle correlations from g_1(r) with good accuracy at high densities. For the particular case of discrete perturbations, the remaining three-particle correlations can be modeled with a simple volume-exclusion argument, resulting in an algebraic and surprisingly accurate expression for g_1(r). The structure of a discrete "core-softened" model for liquids with anomalous thermodynamic properties is reproduced as an application.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2: of The CXCR4 antagonist plerixafor (AMD3100) promotes proliferation of Ewing sarcoma cell lines in vitro and activates receptor tyrosine kinase signaling
Creators: name: Berning, Philipp
name: Schaefer, Christiane
name: Clemens, Dagmar
name: Korsching, Eberhard
name: Dirksen, Uta
name: Potratz, Jenny
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biochemistry
Medicine
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Developmental Biology
Cancer

description: Table S1. Plerixafor treatment changes receptor tyrosine kinase phosphorylation patterns in CXCR4-high and -low Ewing sarcoma cell lines. (PDF 1503 kb)
Additional file 1 of Nomogram based on blood lipoprotein for estimation of mortality in patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure
Creators: name: Xiao, Cuicui
name: Gong, Jiao
name: Zhu, Shuguang
name: Zhang, Zhiwei
name: Xi, Sujuan
name: Chong, Yutian
name: Jie, Yusheng
name: Zhang, Qi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Univariateanalysis of the primary cohort.
Microstructures and mechanical properties of 25Cr duplex stainless steel
Creators: name: Chatchai MEENA
Publisher: name: Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Natural rubber
Vulcanization
Fillers
Calcium carbonate
Carbon black

description: Journal of Metals Materials and Minerals, 29, 4, 113-119
CONVERSION OF TANNERY SOLID WASTE IN TO FLOWER POTS
Creators: name: MENGISTU BIRHANU BOGALE
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019
Subjects: Tannery leachability, Solid waste Flower Pot

description: In Ethiopia, the practice of industrial solid waste control and management in leather processing industries is simple dumping to municipality land fill areas. The solid waste contains buffing dusts which is powdered form of chrome and collagen can easily enter to the surface and ground water especially during the summer season from landfill areas, which resulted Sevier land and aquatic animal health problem. Different research has been conducted to alleviate the problems of solid waste on the environment, but still the problem remains the main issue of the leather industry in the country. The aim of this research is to convert tannery solid waste specifically chrome shaving dust and green flesh waste in to usable products. The basis for this research is scientific researches published on scientific journals on the optimum condition for dechroming of leather shaving dust and the preparation of glue from leather processing bi-products, green fleshing waste. The green flesh waste is treated in alkaline condition and boiled to 92 to 1100c and then mixed with dechromed chrome shaving dust. Different proportions of glue and chrome shaving dust were mixed to get the best physical and chemical properties of the final product. This research showed that 50% dechromed buffing dust and 50% glue made from green fleshing waste gave good result. The leachability of the chrome from the final product gave us 2.9 mg/lit of chrome content, which is not in fact to the standard of the national standard, further research is required in this regard, and also it is observed that instead simple dumping, converting to different article like flower cultivation pot, leather board will minimize the environmental load from leather industries.
Fields of an ultrashort tightly focused radially polarized laser pulse in a linear response plasma
Creators: name: Salamin, Yousef I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytic expressions for the fields of a radially polarized, ultrashort and tightly focused laser pulse propagating in a linear-response plasma are derived and discussed. The fields are obtained from solving the inhomogenous wave equations for the vector and scalar potentials, linked by the Lorenz gauge, in a plasma background. First the scalar potential is eliminated using the gauge condition, then the vector potential is synthesized from Fourier components of an initial uniform distribution of wavenumbers, and the inverse Fourier transformation is carried out term-by-term in a truncated series (finite sum). The zeroth-order term in, for example, the axial electric field component is shown to model a pulse much better than its widely used paraxial approximation counterpart. Some of the propagation characteristics of the fields are discussed and all fields are shown to have manifestly the expected limits for propagation in a vacuum.
Boundary Conditions and Heterotic Construction in Topological Membrane Theory
Creators: name: Cooper, Leith
name: Kogan, Ian I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the topological membrane approach to string theory, we suggest a geometric origin for the heterotic string. We show how different membrane boundary conditions lead to different string theories. We discuss the construction of closed oriented strings and superstrings, and demonstrate how the heterotic construction naturally arises from a specific choice of boundary conditions on the left and right boundaries of a cylindrical topological membrane.
description: LaTeX, 16 pages, 1 figure, uses psfig. Revised version accpeted for publication, Phys. Lett. B. The results are extended to include fermions, references added
К вопросу об экстремизме в интернете: теоретические аспекты
Creators: name: Фатима Алхазуровна ИДРИСОВА
name: Петимат Исмаиловна БАРЗАЕВА
Publisher: name: Образование. Наука. Научные кадры
Year: 2019
Subjects: экстремизм; экстремистская деятельность; интернет; закон; уголовная ответственность

description: Данная статья посвящена интересной и проблемной теме. Проявления экстремистского характера (особенно среди молодежи) представляют наибольшую озабоченность в современном обществе. В статье раскрываются понятие и значение экстремизма, а также способы осуществления экстремисткой деятельности в сети Интернет.
Quantum Hall effect in ac driven graphene: from half-integer to integer case
Creators: name: Ding, Kai-He
name: Lim, Lih-King
name: Su, Gang
name: Weng, Zheng-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the quantum Hall effect (QHE) in graphene with an ac electric field. Based on the tight-binding model, the structure of the half-integer Hall plateaus at $σ_{xy} = \pm(n + 1/2)4e^2/h$ ($n$ is an integer) gets qualitatively changed with the addition of new integer Hall plateaus at $σ_{xy} = \pm n(4e^2/h)$ starting from the edges of the band center regime towards the band center with an increasing ac field. Beyond a critical field strength, a Hall plateau with $σ_{xy} = 0$ can be realized at the band center, hence restoring fully a conventional integer QHE with particle-hole symmetry. Within a low-energy Hamiltonian for Dirac cones merging, we show a very good agreement with the tight-binding calculations for the Hall plateau transitions. We also obtain the band structure for driven graphene ribbons to provide a further understanding on the appearance of the new Hall plateaus, showing a trivial insulator behavior for the $σ_{xy} = 0$ state. In the presence of disorder, we numerically study the disorder-induced destruction of the quantum Hall states in a finite driven sample and find that qualitative features known in the undriven disordered case are maintained.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
A Chinese word segmentation model in geoscience domain
Creators: name: Chu, Deping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460208
subject: Natural language processing
classificationCode: 461104
subject: Neural networks

description: Improving BERT model with domain-enhanced features and self-training strategy for Chinese word segmentation in geoscience domain
Stabilization of Polar Nano Regions in Pb-free ferroelectrics
Creators: name: Pramanick, A.
name: Dmowski, W.
name: Egami, T.
name: Budisuharto, A. Setiadi
name: Weyland, F.
name: Novak, N.
name: Christianson, A. D.
name: Borreguero, J. M.
name: Abernathy, D. L.
name: Jørgensen, MRV
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Formation of polar nano regions through solid-solution additions are known to enhance significantly the functional properties of ferroelectric materials. Despite considerable progress in characterizing the microscopic behavior of polar nano regions, understanding their real-space atomic structure and dynamics of formation remains a considerable challenge. Here, using the method of dynamic pair distribution function, we provide direct insights into the role of solid-solution additions towards the stabilization of polar nano regions in the Pb-free ferroelectric of Ba(Zr,Ti)O3. It is shown that for an optimum level of substitution of Ti by larger Zr ions, the dynamics of atomic displacements for ferroelectric polarization are slowed sufficiently, which leads to increased local correlation among dipoles below THz frequencies. The dynamic pair distribution function technique demonstrates unique capability to obtain insights into locally correlated atomic dynamics in disordered materials, including new Pb-free ferroelectrics, which is necessary to understand and control their functional properties.
Особенности борьбы с коррупцией в Тульской и других губерниях во второй половине XIX — начале XX века
Creators: name: Александра Владимировна АНОСОВА
Publisher: name: Образование. Наука. Научные кадры
Year: 2019
Subjects: коррупция; взяточничество; взятка; мздоимство; коррупционные правонарушения; декриминализация

description: Рассматриваются особенности борьбы с коррупцией в Тульской и других губерниях во второй половине XIX — начале ХХ вв. На основе архивных материалов проводится сравнительный анализ особенностей противодействия коррупции в Тульской губернии и таких территориальных образованиях Российской империи, как Казанская, Лифляндская, Томская и другие губернии.
Worldline colour fields and non-Abelian quantum field theory
Creators: name: Edwards, James P.
name: Corradini, Olindo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the worldline approach to non-Abelian field theory the colour degrees of freedom of the coupling to the gauge potential can be incorporated using worldline "colour" fields. The colour fields generate Wilson loop interactions whilst Chern-Simons terms project onto an irreducible representation of the gauge group. We analyse this augmented worldline theory in phase space focusing on its supersymmetry and constraint algebra, arriving at a locally supersymmetric theory in superspace. We demonstrate canonical quantisation and the path integral on $S^{1}$ for simple representations of $SU(N)$.
description: 10 pages. To appear in Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics (ICNFP 2017), published by European Physical Journal Web of Conferences
title: Programme du séminaire de la chaire d'excellence du 28 mars 2017
Creators: name: LabexMed
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2017

description: Relation: http://labexmed.hypotheses.org/2271
Становление института главы государства в государственном праве дореволюционной России
Creators: name: Валентина Григорьевна БАЛКОВАЯ
Publisher: name: Образование. Наука. Научные кадры
Year: 2019
Subjects: монархия; престолонаследие; форма правления; Киевская Русь; Московское государство; Российская империя

description: Статья посвящена истории формирования и развития в России института главы государства в условиях монархической формы правления. Основное внимание уделено смене систем престолонаследия на различных этапах истории Российского государства. Охарактеризованы правовая база каждой из систем, исторические предпосылки их утверждения и смены. Обращено внимание на важную роль престолонаследия в обеспечении политической стабильности общества при монархической форме правления.
Additional file 1: of Simulation-based power calculations for planning a two-stage individual participant data meta-analysis
Creators: name: Joie Ensor
name: Burke, Danielle
name: Snell, Kym
name: Hemming, Karla
name: Riley, Richard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Stata simulation program code. Stata code to simulate power for IPD meta-analysis as proposed in this article. (PDF 158Â kb)
A superfluid He3 detector for direct dark matter search
Creators: name: Mayet, F.
name: Santos, D.
name: Bunkov, Yu. M.
name: Duhamel, G.
name: Godfrin, H.
name: Naraghi, F.
name: Perrin, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MACHe3 (MAtrix of Cells of superfluid He3) is a project of a new detector for direct Dark Matter Search. The idea is to use superfluid He3 as a sensitive medium. The existing device, the superfluid He3 cell, will be briefly introduced. Then a description of the MACHe3 project will be presented, in particular the background rejection and the neutralino event rate that may be achieved with such a device.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on the Identification of Dark Matter (York, UK, 09/18/2000-09/22/2000)
Revisit of Antiferromagnetism in Hubbard Model by A Cluster Slave-Spin Method
Creators: name: Lee, Wei-Cheng
name: Lee, Ting-Kuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cluster slave-spin method is introduced to systematically investigate the solutions of the Hubbard model including the symmetry-broken phases. In this method, the electron operator is factorized into a fermioninc spinon describing the physical spin and a slave-spin describing the charge fluctuations. Following the $U(1)$ formalism derived by Yu and Si [Phys. Rev. B 86, 085104 (2012)], it is shown that the self-consistent equations to explore various symmetry-broken density wave states can be constructed in general with a cluster of multiple slave-spin sites. We employ this method to study the antiferromagnetic (AFM) state in the single band Hubbard model with the two and four-site clusters of slave spins. While the Hubbard gap, the charge gap due to the doubly-occupied states, scales with the Hubbard interaction $U$ as expected, the AFM gap $Δ$, the gap in the spinon dispersion in the AFM state, exhibits a crossover from the weak to strong-coupling behaviors as $U$ increases. Our cluster slave-spin method reproduces not only the traditional mean-field behavior of $Δ\sim U$ in the weak-coupling limit, but also the behavior of $Δ\sim t^2/U$ predicted by the superexchange mechanism in the strong coupling limit. In addition, the holon-doublon correlator as functions of $U$ and doping $x$ is also computed, which exhibits a strong tendency toward the holon-doublon binding in the strong coupling regime. We further show that the quasiparticle weight obtained by the cluster slave-spin method is in a good agreement with the generalized Gutzwiller approximation in both AFM and paramagnetic states, and the results can be improved beyond the generalized Gutzwiller approximation as the cluster is enlarged from a single site to 4 sites. Our results demonstrate that the cluster slave-spin method can be a powerful tool to systematically investigate the strongly correlated system.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Проблемы судопроизводства на территории Псковской области в первой половине 1980-х годов: историко-правовой аспект
Creators: name: Максим Николаевич БОГДАНОВ
name: Андрей Михайлович ЕГОРОВ
name: Александр Геннадьевич ШЛЕНКОВ
Publisher: name: Образование. Наука. Научные кадры
Year: 2019
Subjects: исторический анализ судебного процесса; судебные органы Псковской области; незаконное увольнение; хищение; спекуляция

description: В статье рассматриваются актуальные вопросы реализации правосудия в РСФСР в первой половине 1980-х годов, проводится анализ судебных архивов Псковской области, исследуются некоторые проблемы рассмотрения уголовных, административных, гражданских дел и трудовых споров в этот период.
Induction of tin pest for cleaning tin-drop contaminated optics
Creators: name: Böwering, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tin pest, the allotropic β - α phase transformation of tin, was examined for use in cleaning of tin-contaminated optics. Induction of change in material structure led to disintegration of tin samples into pieces and powder. The transition times were studied for tin drops of different purity grades, using inoculation with α-Sn seed particles, also after prior mechanical deformation and surface oxide removal. For tin of very high purity levels fast nucleation within hours and full transformation within a day could be achieved during cooling at -24 °C, resulting in strong embrittlement of the material. Tin dripped onto samples of multilayer-coated optics as used in extreme ultraviolet lithography machines was made cleanable by phase transition after inoculation and cooling. The reflectance of multilayer-coated mirrors was found to decrease by no more than 1% with this cleaning method.
Additional file 1: of Should statin guidelines consider patient preferences? Eliciting preferences of benefit and harm outcomes of statins for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in the sub-Saharan African and European contexts
Creators: name: Henock Yebyo
name: Aschmann, Hélène
name: Yu, Tsung
name: Puhan, Milo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This contains an example lay description for chest pain, BIBD design of outcomes, surface under the cumulative ranking curves of benefit and harm outcomes as measure of the preferences, and results of linear regression assessing influence of participants’ characteristics on preference values. (PDF 376 kb)
The Shapley Value of Phylogenetic Trees
Creators: name: Haake, Claus-Jochen
name: Kashiwada, Akemi
name: Su, Francis Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Every weighted tree corresponds naturally to a cooperative game that we call a "tree game"; it assigns to each subset of leaves the sum of the weights of the minimal subtree spanned by those leaves. In the context of phylogenetic trees, the leaves are species and this assignment captures the diversity present in the coalition of species considered. We consider the Shapley value of tree games and suggest a biological interpretation. We determine the linear transformation M that shows the dependence of the Shapley value on the edge weights of the tree, and we also compute a null space basis of M. Both depend on the "split counts" of the tree. Finally, we characterize the Shapley value on tree games by four axioms, a counterpart to Shapley's original theorem on the larger class of cooperative games.
description: References added, and a section (calculating the Shapley value of a tree game from its subtrees) was removed for length reasons (request of referee) and may appear in another paper. 16 pages; related work at http://www.math.hmc.edu/~su/papers.html. Journal of Mathematical Biology, to appear. The original article is available at http://www.springerlink.com
Additional file 3: of Fecal Aliquot Straw Technique (FAST) allows for easy and reproducible subsampling: assessing interpersonal variation in trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) accumulation
Creators: name: Kymberleigh Romano
name: Dill-McFarland, Kimberly
name: Kasahara, Kazuyuki
name: Kerby, Robert
name: Vivas, Eugenio
name: Amador-Noguez, Daniel
name: Herd, Pamela
name: Rey, Federico
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology

description: Figure S1. Shannonâ s diversity of microbial communities for the eight sequenced human samples. S1 and S2 represent individual aliquots from two randomly selected straws for each subject. (PDF 302Â kb)
Место и роль Кюринского ханства в конгломерате государственных образований на территории Дагестана
Creators: name: Руслан Адамович БОГДАНОВ
Publisher: name: Образование. Наука. Научные кадры
Year: 2019
Subjects: Дагестан; Кюра; ханство; вхождение Южного Дагестана в состав России

description: В статье рассматриваются место и роль Кюринского ханства в конгломерате государственных образований на территории Дагестана. Определена позиция данного феодального образования Дагестана в середине XVIII — начале XIX в., уделяется внимание анализу траектории развития данной политической структуры. Говорится о данном феодальном владении как о полиэтническом образовании, в котором жили преимущественно лезгины.
Международные организации и объединения: проблемы и перспективы развития
Creators: name: Абу-Салих Сайдалиевич КАГЕРМАНОВ
name: Аминат Хизировна ЗАКАЕВА
Publisher: name: Образование. Наука. Научные кадры
Year: 2019
Subjects: международные организации; межправительственные организации; неправительственные организации; международное право; интеграция

description: В статье рассматриваются вопросы проблемных аспектов развития международных организаций и объединений, а также проводится анализ перспективных направлений. В ходе анализа особое внимание уделяется основным проблемам правового регулирования международных организаций.
Additional file 2 of CRISPR-KRISPR: a method to identify on-target and random insertion of donor DNAs and their characterization in knock-in mice
Creators: name: Tanaka, Masayuki
name: Yokoyama, Keiko
name: Hayashi, Hideki
name: Isaki, Sanae
name: Kitatani, Kanae
name: Wang, Ting
name: Kawata, Hisako
name: Matsuzawa, Hideyuki
name: Gurumurthy, Channabasavaiah B.
name: Miura, Hiromi
name: Ohtsuka, Masato
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Review history.
СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНАЯ АДАПТАЦИЯ ПОДРОСТКОВ: ПРИНЦИПЫ ДИАЛОГА
Creators: name: Семянников Сергей Николаевич
Publisher: name: Культурное наследие России
Year: 2017
Subjects: Социализация; социальная адаптация; подростки реабилитационных центров; диалог; социально-нравственная реабилитация.

description: Рассматривается специфика педагогических условий социально-реабилитационного центра для несовершеннолетних для налаживания миссионерского диалога с подростками. Детализированы принципы миссионерского диалога, позволяющие добиться результативности нравственного развития и социализации подростков в процессе реабилитации.
Accelerator Based Fusion Reactor
Creators: name: Liu, Keh-Fei
name: Chao, Alexander Wu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A feasibility study of fusion reactors based on accelerators is carried out. We consider a novel scheme where a beam from the accelerator hits the target plasma on the resonance of the fusion reaction and establish characteristic criteria for a workable reactor. We consider the reactions $ d + t \rightarrow n + α, d + {}^3H_e \rightarrow p + α$, and $p + {}^{11}B \rightarrow 3 α$ in this study. The critical temperature of the plasma is determined from overcoming the stopping power of the beam with the fusion energy gain. The needed plasma lifetime is determined from the width of the resonance, the beam velocity and the plasma density. We estimate the critical beam flux by balancing the energy of fusion production against the plasma thermo-energy and the loss due to stopping power for the case of an inert plasma. The product of critical flux and plasma lifetime is independent of plasma density and has a weak dependence on temperature. Even though the critical temperatures for these reactions are lower than those for the thermonuclear reactors, the critical flux is in the range of $10^{22} - 10^{24}/\rm{cm^2/s}$ for the plasma density $ρ_t = 10^{15}/{\rm cm^3}$ in the case of an inert plasma. Several approaches to control the growth of the two-stream instability are discussed. We have also considered several scenarios for practical implementation which will require further studies. Finally, we consider the case where the injected beam at the resonance energy maintains the plasma temperature and prolongs its lifetime to reach a steady state. The equations for power balance and particle number conservation are given for this case.
description: To be published in Nuclear Fusion as a letter, 7 pages, 2 figures