Anacroneuria simulans Froehlich, 2010, sp.n.
Creators: name: Froehlich, Claudio G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Anacroneuria
Anacroneuria simulans

description: Anacroneuria simulans sp.n.   
(Figs. 14–18)  
 Type Material. Holotype, m: BR, SP, Campos do Jordão, PECJ, Ribeirão Casquilho (22°39’49”S, 45°27’04”W), 23/IV/1987, CGF, ACRF. Paratypes: Campos do Jordão, 1 f, 24–31/I/1976, H. Reichardt Filho. PECJ, Córrego Galharada (22°41’29”S, 45°27’58”W), 1 m, 2 f, 06–07/II/1986, CGF; 1 f, 07/II/1986, YAT; 2 f, 04/IV/1986, CGF; 1 f, 22/IV/1987, CGF, ACRF; 5 f, 15–16/XII/1987, CGF, LGO; 2 m, 2 f, 12–13/III/1988, CGF, LGO; 4 m, 2 f, 04–07/III/1996, CGF, RWH, HP, RG; 2 m, 22/I/1998, CGF, RWH, HP. Córrego Campo do Meio (22°41’28”S, 45°28’26”W), 2 m, 06/III/1996, CGF, RWH, HP, RG. Córrego Serrote (22°39’30”S, 45°26’32”W), 1 f, 28/IV/2006, MRS, AES. Ribeirão Casquilho (22°39’49”S, 45°27’04”W), 1 m, 1 f, 05/III/ 1986, CGF; 1 m, 1 f, 02–03/IV/1986, CGF; 1 m, 21/I/1987, CGF; 6 m, 2 f, 24–25/III/1987, CGF, LGO; 1 m, 23/IV/1987, CGF, ACRF.   
 Additional material: Córrego Galharada, 1 f, 27/XI/1986, CGF; 1 f, 20/I/1987, CGF; 1 f, XII/1987, CGF, LGO; 1 f, 18/II/1988, YAT; 2 f, 05/XII/1996, CGF, ASM; 1 f, 19/IV/2005, MRS. Córrego Campo do Meio, 1 f, 11/XI/1985, CGF, LGO; 1 f, 1/II–27/IV/2006, AES, MRS. Ribeirão Casquilho, 2 f, 26/XI/1986, CGF.   
 Description. General colour pale brownish-ochraceous. On head (Fig. 14), central frons light ochraceous; lappets and sides of parietalia darker; in some specimens, darker spots near M-line or at sides of frons. Palpi light brown, antennae mostly light brown to brown. Pronotum light brown to brown with light broad median pale stripe and light lateral areas. Mesonotum brownish, paler medially. Legs light ochraceous to brownish. Forewing membrane pale brown to ochraceous; veins ochraceous to light brown, distal portions of C, Sc and R-RA paler than rest of veins. Females, but not the males, generally present a lighter window, in the distal half, in some specimens recognizable only by the paler RP and M veins. Cerci whitish to pale brownish from base, in some specimens, apical segments darker.   
Male. Forewing length 9.1 to 10.9 mm, n=24. Hammer a truncate cone 0.1 mm long. Penial armature (Figs. 16–17) on the whole tapering from base to apex; keel a low elevation marked by radiating lines; hooks regularly curved, tips pointed. Ventrally on distal part, a pair of large vesicles. In lateral view, dorsal contour distal to keel with pronounced curvature.  
Female. Lighter in colour than male. Forewing length 12.4 to 15.0 mm, n=33. Subgenital plate (Fig. 15) four-lobed, median notch wide and deeper than lateral ones. Lateral lobes varying in size, from about size shown in figure to clearly larger. Distal part, including lobes, a little darker. Sternum 9 with a T-shaped hairy area, distal margin distinctly darker, with median concavity.  
Egg (Fig. 18). Oval, 0.19–0.22 x 0.35–0.37 mm, n=6.  
 Remarks. This species is similar to A. subcostalis Klapálek 1921, but is darker and, in the forewing, vein Sc is brownish basally and paler distally, whereas in A. subcostalis it is brown, in contrast to the much lighter other veins; another difference is that the distal window of the forewing is absent in males of A. simulans. In the male, the part of the penis distal to the hooks is much longer than in A. subcostalis and, in side view, the dorsal contour distal to the keel is markedly curved, but only slightly so or straight in A. subcostalis; the keel itself is identical in the two species.   
 A. simulans adults were collected from November to April, but most (32 out of 54) in March and April.   
 Etymology. The epithet comes from the Latin simulo, meaning a copy, referencing the similarity of this species to A. subcostalis.
description: Published as part of Froehlich, Claudio G., 2010, Anacroneuria (Plecoptera, Perlidae) from the Mantiqueira Mountains, São Paulo State, Brazil, pp. 55-68 in Zootaxa 2365 on pages 59-63, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.275765