cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Single electron control in n-type semiconductor quantum dots using non-Abelian holonomies generated by spin orbit coupling
Creators: name: Yang, S. -R. Eric
name: Hwang, N. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that n-type semiconductor quantum dots with the Rashba and Dresselhaus spin orbit interactions may be used for single electron manipulation through adiabatic transformations between degenerate states. All the energy levels are discrete in quantum dots and possess a double degeneracy due to time reversal symmetryin the presence of the Rashba and/or Dresselhaus spin orbit coupling terms. We find that the presence of double degeneracy does not necessarily give rise to a finite non-Abelian (matrix) Berry phase. We show that a distorted two-dimensional harmonic potential may give rise to non-Abelian Berry phases. The presence of the non-Abelian Berry phase may be tested experimentally by measuring the optical dipole transitions.
description: accepted in Phys. Rev. B
In-vitro and Particle Image Velocimetry Studies of Dry Powder Inhalers
Creators: name: Reis, Larissa Gomes dos
name: Chaugule, Vishal
name: Fletcher, David F
name: Young, Paul M
name: Traini, Daniela
name: Soria, Julio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inhalation drug delivery has seen a swift rise in the use of dry powder inhalers (DPIs) to treat chronic respiratory conditions. However, universal adoption of DPIs has been restrained due to their low efficiencies and significant drug losses in the mouth-throat region. Aerosol efficiency of DPIs is closely related to the fluid-dynamics characteristics of the inhalation flow generated from the devices, which in turn are influenced by the device design. In-vitro and particle image velocimetry (PIV) have been used in this study to assess the aerosol performance of a model carrier formulation delivered by DPI devices and to investigate their flow characteristics. Four DPI device models, with modification to their tangential inlets and addition of a grid, have been explored. Similar aerosol performances were observed for all four device models, with FPF larger than 50%, indicating desirable lung deposition. A high swirling and recirculating jet-flow emerging from the mouthpiece of the DPI models without the grid was observed, which contributed to particle deposition in the throat. DPI models where the grid was present showed a straightened outflow without undesired lateral spreading, that reduced particle deposition in the throat and mass retention in the device. These findings demonstrate that PIV measurements strengthen in-vitro evaluation and can be jointly used to develop high-performance DPIs.
1 Brief an [Hans Georg] Naegeli
Brief an Nägeli ...
Creators: name: Schulthess Lavater, Regula
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1807

description: von [Regula] S[chulthess-]L[avater]
description: Autorin wahrscheinlich Regula Schulthess-Lavater (1763-1831), Hottingen
description: Abschrift dieses Briefs in Ms Car. XV 200.52b
Identification of genes and gene expression associated with dispersal capacity in the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Creators: Shegelski, Victor A.
Evenden, Maya L.
Huber, Dezene P. W.
Sperling, Felix A. H.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2021

Dispersal flights by the mountain pine beetle have allowed range expansion and major damage to pine stands in western Canada. We asked what the genetic and transcriptional basis of mountain pine beetle dispersal capacity is. Using flight mills,
RNA-seq and a targeted association study, we compared strong-flying, weak-flying, and non-flying female beetles from the recently colonized northern end of their range. Nearly 3,000 genes were differentially expressed between strong and weak
flying beetles, while weak fliers and nonfliers did not significantly differ. The differentially expressed genes were mainly associated with lipid metabolism, muscle maintenance, oxidative stress response, detoxification, endocrine function,
and flight behavior. Three variant loci, two in the coding region of genes, were significantly associated with flight capacity but these genes had no known functional link to flight. Several differentially expressed gene systems may be important for
sustained flight, while other systems are downregulated during dispersal and likely to conserve energy before host colonization. The candidate genes and SNPs identified here will inform further studies and management of mountain pine beetle, as well as contribute to understanding the mechanisms of insect dispersal flights.
Three-dimensional Simulations of Accretion to Stars with Complex Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Long, M.
name: Romanova, M. M.
name: Lovelace, R. V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disk accretion to rotating stars with complex magnetic fields is investigated using full three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations. The studied magnetic configurations include superpositions of misaligned dipole and quadrupole fields and off-centre dipoles. The simulations show that when the quadrupole component is comparable to the dipole component, the magnetic field has a complex structure with three major magnetic poles on the surface of the star and three sets of loops of field lines connecting them. A significant amount of matter flows to the quadrupole "belt", forming a ring-like hot spot on the star. If the maximum strength of the magnetic field on the star is fixed, then we observe that the mass accretion rate, the torque on the star, and the area covered by hot spots are several times smaller in the quadrupole-dominant cases than in the pure dipole cases. The influence of the quadrupole component on the shape of the hot spots becomes noticeable when the ratio of the quadrupole and dipole field strengths $B_q/B_d\gtrsim0.5$, and becomes dominant when $B_q/B_d\gtrsim1$. In the case of an off-centre dipole field, most of the matter flows through a one-armed accretion stream, forming a large hot spot on the surface, with a second much smaller secondary spot. The light curves may have simple, sinusoidal shapes, thus mimicking stars with pure dipole fields. Or, they may be complex and unusual. In some cases the light curves may be indicators of a complex field, in particular if the inclination angle is known independently. We also note that in the case of complex fields, magnetospheric gaps are often not empty, and this may be important for the survival of close-in exosolar planets.
description: 13 pages, 21 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
DRAMATIC CHILD-HERO: EXISTENCE, INTERRELATION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF AESTHETIC PHENOMENA
Creators: name: Mavlyanova, Nigina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Authors of world literature have addressed the image of a child and the theme of childhood for many centuries, saying that "in the historical and literary depiction of childhood, like other periods of human development, there is a complex of aesthetic values strengthened by cultural development, connected with cultural tradition and social has a variable character under the influence of trends. Changing and acquiring new functions, the artistic image of a child embodied in literature is the key to understanding what a child "is" in the entire historical process.
Multi-frequency coherent emission from superstructure thermal emitters
Creators: name: Lu, Guanyu
name: Tadjer, Marko
name: Caldwell, Joshua D.
name: Folland, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-range spatial coherence can be induced in thermal emitters by embedding a periodic grating into a material supporting propagating polaritons or dielectric modes. However, the emission angle and frequency cannot be defined simultaneously and uniquely, resulting in emission at unusable angles or frequencies. Here, we explore superstructure gratings (SSGs) to control the spatial and spectral properties of thermal emitters. SSGs have long-range periodicity, but a unit cell that provides tailorable Bragg components to interact with light. These Bragg components allow simultaneous launching of polaritons with different frequencies/wavevectors in a single grating, manifesting as additional spatial and spectral bands upon the emission profile. As the unit cell period approaches the spatial coherence length, the coherence properties of the superstructure will be lost. Whilst the 1D k-space representation of the grating provides insights into the emission, the etch depth of the grating can result in strong polariton-polariton interactions. An emergent effect of these interactions is the creation of polaritonic band gaps, and defect states that can have a well-defined frequency and emission angle. In all, our results show experimentally how even in simple 1D gratings there is significant design flexibility for engineering the profile of thermal emitters, bound by finite coherence length.
1 Brief an [Hans Georg Nägeli]
Brief an Nägeli ...
Creators: name: Scheitlin, Peter
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1835

description: von [Peter Scheitlin?]
description: Autor und Ort gemäss handschriftlicher Bleistiftnotiz auf der Rückseite
description: Mit Auszug aus dem Melodrama "Die Wassernot im Schweizer Hochgebirge" von Karl Josef Uttinger, erschienen in Zürich 1835
GeneticKNN: A Weighted KNN Approach Supported by Genetic Algorithm for Photometric Redshift Estimation of Quasars
Creators: name: Han, Bo
name: Qiao, Li-Na
name: Chen, Jing-Lin
name: Zhang, Xian-Da
name: Zhang, Yanxia
name: Zhao, Yongheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) with genetic algorithm (GA) for photometric redshift estimation of quasars, short for GeneticKNN, which is a weighted KNN approach supported by GA. This approach has two improvements compared to KNN: one is the feature weighted by GA; another is that the predicted redshift is not the redshift average of K neighbors but the weighted average of median and mean of redshifts for K neighbors, i.e. $p\times z_{median} + (1-p)\times z_{mean}$. Based on the SDSS and SDSS-WISE quasar samples, we explore the performance of GeneticKNN for photometric redshift estimation, comparing with the other six traditional machine learning methods, i.e. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), support vector regression (SVR), Multi Layer Perceptrons (MLP), XGBoost, KNN and random forest. KNN and random forest show their superiority. Considering the easy implementation of KNN, we make improvement on KNN as GeneticKNN and apply GeneticKNN on photometric redshift estimation of quasars. Finally the performance of GeneticKNN is better than that of LASSO, SVR, MLP, XGBoost, KNN and random forest for all cases. Moreover the accuracy is better with the additional WISE magnitudes for the same method.
description: 17 pages, 4 tables, 6 figures
1 Brief an [Hans Georg Nägeli]
Brief an Nägeli ...
Creators: name: Schinz Lavater, Anna
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1826

description: von A[nna] Schinz-Lav[ater]
description: Brief undatiert, Jahr ca. (Nägelis Vorlesungen über Musik erschienen 1826)
description: Auf Umschlag angegebenes Sterbedatum 1839 für Schinz Lavater womöglich falsch
Irradiation dose affects the composition of organic refractory materials in space: Results from laboratory analogues
Creators: name: Urso, R. G.
name: Vuitton, V.
name: Danger, G.
name: d'Hendecourt, L. Le Sergeant
name: Flandinet, L.
name: Djouadi, Z.
name: Mivumbi, O.
name: Orthous-Daunay, F. R.
name: Ruf, A.
name: Vinogradoff, V.
name: Wolters, C.
name: Brunetto, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Near- and mid-infrared observations have revealed the presence of organic refractory materials in the solar system, in cometary nuclei and on the surface of centaurs, Kuiper-belt and trans-neptunian objects. In these astrophysical environments, organic materials can be formed because of the interaction of frozen volatile compounds with cosmic rays, stellar/solar particles, and favoured by thermal processing. The analysis of laboratory analogues of such materials gives information on their properties, complementary to observations. Aims. We present new experiments to contribute in the understanding of the chemical composition of organic refractory materials in space. Methods. We bombard frozen water, methanol and ammonia mixtures with 40 keV H$^+$ and we warm the by-products up to 300~K. The experiments allow the production of organic residues that we analyse by means of infrared spectroscopy and by Very High Resolution Mass Spectrometry to study their chemical composition and their high molecular diversity, including the presence of hexamethylenetetramine and its derivatives. Results. We find that the accumulated irradiation dose plays a role in determining the residue's composition. Conslusions. Based on the laboratory doses, we estimate the astrophysical timescales to be short enough to induce an efficient formation of organic refractory materials at the surface of icy bodies in the outer solar system.
description: in publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics, sect. Planets and planetary systems
1 Brief an Hans [Georg] Naegeli
Brief an Nägeli ...
Creators: name: Sauer & Leidesdorf
name: Sauer, Ignaz
name: Leidesdorf, Maximilian J.
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1824

description: von Sauer & Leidesdorf, [Ignaz] Sauer, [Maximilian J.] Leidesdorf
description: Ort durch Siegelausriss beschädigt
description: Unterzeichnet von Ignaz Sauer und Maximilian J. Leidesdorf
One-dimensional versus two-dimensional correlation effects in the oxyhalides TiOCl and TiOBr
Creators: name: Hoinkis, M.
name: Sing, M.
name: Glawion, S.
name: Pisani, L.
name: Valenti, R.
name: van Smaalen, S.
name: Klemm, M.
name: Horn, S.
name: Claessen, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a comparative study of the electronic structures of the spin-Peierls systems TiOCl and TiOBr by means of photoemission spectroscopy and density functional calculations. While the overall electronic structure of these isostructural compounds is qualitatively similar, the bromide appears to be less one-dimensional. We present a quantitative analysis of the experimental dispersions in terms of exchange constant J and hopping integral t as well as a discussion of the qualitative spectral features. From that we conclude that despite the one-dimensional physics triggering the ground state in both compounds a proper description of the normal state electronic structure has to take into account the anisotropic frustrated interchain interactions on the underlying triangular lattice.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Nonergodicity of $d$-dimensional generalized Lévy walks and their relation to other space-time coupled models
Creators: name: Albers, Tony
name: Radons, Günter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the nonergodicity of the generalized Lévy walk introduced by Shlesinger et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 1100 (1987)] with respect to the squared displacements. We present detailed analytical derivations of our previous findings outlined in a recent Letter [Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 104501 (2018)], give profound interpretations, and especially emphasize three surprising results: First, we find that the mean-squared displacements can diverge for a certain range of parameter values. Second, we show that an ensemble of trajectories can spread subdiffusively, whereas individual time-averaged squared displacements show superdiffusion. Third, we recognize that the fluctuations of the time-averaged squared displacements can become so large that the ergodicity breaking parameter diverges, what we call infinitely strong ergodicity breaking. The latter phenomenon can also occur for paramter values where the lag-time dependence of the mean-squared displacements is linear indicating normal diffusion. In order to numerically determine the full distribution of time-averaged squared displacements, we use importance sampling. For an embedding of our new findings into existing results in the literature, we define a more general model which we call variable speed generalized Lévy walk and which includes well known models from the literature as special cases such as the space-time coupled Lévy flight or the anomalous Drude model. We discuss and interpret our findings regarding the generalized Lévy walk in detail and compare them with the nonergodicity of the other space-time coupled models following from the more general model.
description: 32 pages, 13 figures
Customer attitudes towards environmentally sound wood products in three British Columbian home improvement markets
Creators: name: Forsyth, John Keith
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Concern regarding the impact of economic activity on the environment has increased in recent years, causing environmental issues to move from the fringes to the centre of the business agenda. In the wood products sector, some observers propose that the increase in environmental concern is leading to changes in customers' attitudes and subsequently affecting their buying decisions as well as the profitability of wood products companies. However, little research has been undertaken to determine customers' attitudes towards environmentally sound wood products. Marketing experts frequently emphasise the need to know your customers and wood products companies who wish to plan successfully need to know as much as possible about their customers' attitudes towards environmentally sound wood products, such as: 1. the level of importance customers attribute to environmental attributes when buying wood products; 2. customers' attitudes towards the pricing of environmentally sound products; and 3. who are the most likely buyers of environmentally sound wood products. In this study we explore these three key issues within the home improvement market. To address these key issues, three hundred customer interviews were completed outside home improvement stores in the province of British Columbia, Canada. Our research found that: 1. customers firstly shop for quality and then price. Environmental product attributes are less important than many other product attributes when customers buy wood products from home improvement retailers. Environmental attributes, however, are still "somewhat important" when customers make buying decisions; 2. a majority of interviewees (67.3%) expressed a willingness to pay 5% more for certified (environmentally sound) wood products, while a majority (68.0%) also reported that they would not pay 10% more for such products; and 3. the most likely buyers of environmentally sound wood products cannot be readily identified by a set of common characteristics. While this study is limited in its geographic scope, it provides forest products manufacturers and home improvement retailers (in particular, marketing managers) with a better understanding of customers' attitudes towards environmentally sound wood products and helps provide a foundation for further research in this important area.
Track Extrapolation and Distribution for the CDF-II Trigger System
Creators: name: Downing, Robert
name: Eddy, Nathan
name: Holloway, Lee
name: Kasten, Mike
name: Kim, Hyunsoo
name: Kraus, James
name: Marino, Christopher
name: Pitts, Kevin
name: Strologas, John
name: Taffard, Anyes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CDF-II experiment is a multipurpose detector designed to study a wide range of processes observed in the high energy proton-antiproton collisions produced by the Fermilab Tevatron. With event rates greater than 1MHz, the CDF-II trigger system is crucial for selecting interesting events for subsequent analysis. This document provides an overview of the Track Extrapolation System (XTRP), a component of the CDF-II trigger system. The XTRP is a fully digital system that is utilized in the track-based selection of high momentum lepton and heavy flavor signatures. The design of the XTRP system includes five different custom boards utilizing discrete and FPGA technology residing in a single VME crate. We describe the design, construction, commissioning and operation of this system.
description: 34 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Nucl.Inst.Meth. A
Accretion and outflow activity in proto-brown dwarfs
Creators: name: Riaz, B.
name: Bally, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a near-infrared study of accretion and outflow activity in 6 Class 0/I proto-brown dwarfs (proto-BDs) using VLT/SINFONI spectroscopy and spectro-imaging observations. The spectra show emission in several [FeII] and H$_{2}$ lines associated with jet/outflow activity, and in the accretion diagnostics of Pa$β$ and Br$γ$ lines. The peak velocities of the [FeII] lines ($>$100 km s$^{-1}$) are higher than the H$_{2}$ lines. The Class 0 proto-BDs show strong emission in the H$_{2}$ lines but the [FeII] lines are undetected, while the Class I objects show emission in both [FeII] and H$_{2}$ lines, suggesting an evolutionary trend in the jets from a molecular to an ionic composition. Extended emission with knots is seen in the [FeII] and H$_{2}$ spectro-images for 3 proto-BDs, while the rest show compact morphologies with a peak on-source. The accretion rates for the proto-BDs span the range of (2$\times$10$^{-6}$ -- 2$\times$10$^{-8}$) Msun yr$^{-1}$, while the mass loss rates are in the range of (4$\times$10$^{-8}$ -- 5$\times$10$^{-9}$) Msun yr$^{-1}$. These rates are within the range measured for low-mass protostars and higher than Class II brown dwarfs. We find a similar range in the jet efficiency for proto-BDs as measured in protostars. We have performed a study of the Brackett decrement from the Br7-Br19 lines detected in the proto-BDs. The upper Brackett lines of Br13-Br19 are only detected in the earlier stage systems. The ratios of the different Brackett lines with respect to the Br$γ$ line intensity are consistent with the ratios expected from Case B recombination.
description: Accepted in MNRAS
Born Digital Art: Fleeting Masterpieces?
Creators: name: Clay, Arthur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In 2020, museums, like many other public spaces and businesses, faced significant challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic. When doors to museums were closed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, several notable changes and developments occurred. In one of the first ICOM Community Resilience programs, we read: ‘Try to focus on what you are doing best and seek alternative ways of doing it; try new things and revisit traditional ways of doing things.’ One of the most demanding challenges indeed was going through a crisis in the absence of physical space and previous experiences coupled to those spaces.
D4 Flavor Symmetry for Neutrino Masses and Mixing
Creators: name: Ishimori, Hajime
name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo
name: Ohki, Hiroshi
name: Omura, Yuji
name: Takahashi, Ryo
name: Tanimoto, Morimitsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the $D_4\times Z_2$ flavor symmetry, which is different from the previous work by Grimus and Lavoura. Our model reduces to the standard model in the low energy and there is no FCNC at the tree level. Putting the experimental data, parameters are fixed, and then the implication of our model is discussed. The condition to realize the tri-bimaximal mixing is presented. The possibility for stringy realization of our model is also discussed.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Curated annotations for SpineWeb Dataset 16
Creators: name: Kordon, Florian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Curated dataset annotations, Landmark detection, Spine radiographs

description: This repository provides curated annotation data for the SpineWeb Dataset 16 [1,2]. The original annotation data has label noise: Upward/Downward shift of the vertebral body annotations. Flipping of corner points and top/end plates. Swap of vertebral annotation, e.g. L5 at position of T1. Overlapping vertebrae. Corner point duplicates. Anatomically implausible corner point positions. First, we performed a couple of automatic sanity checks: Check that the midpoints of each consecutive vertebra is below the previous one to ensure anatomically correct spine configurations. Check that ordering of the points is correct for each vertebra. Check for overlay of multiple vertebrae. Check for the total number of vertebrae. Following identification of the most problematic cases, we performed manual corrections where needed. The corrections done and problem descriptions for each case are available as a spreadsheet. The corrected/curated annotations are stored in '.xml' files (one for each image with matching file name and xml meta information) and are sorted w.r.t. the vertebra index. For each vertebra (e.g. L1), the 4 corner points are annotated as a list [x1,y1, x2,y2, x3,y3, x4,y4]. The ordering is top-left, top-right, bottom-right, bottom-left. [1] Wu, H., Bailey, Chris., Rasoulinejad, Parham., and Li, S., 2017.Automatic landmark estimation for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis assessment using boostnet. Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention:127-135. [2] http://spineweb.digitalimaginggroup.ca/Index.php?n=Main.Datasets
A New Search Paradigm for Correlated Neutrino Emission from Discrete GRBs using Antarctic Cherenkov Telescopes in the Swift Era
Creators: name: Stamatikos, Michael
name: Band, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the theoretical modeling and analysis techniques associated with a preliminary search for correlated neutrino emission from GRB980703a, which triggered the Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE GRB trigger 6891), using archived data from the Antarctic Muon and Neutrino Detector Array (AMANDA-B10). Under the assumption of associated hadronic acceleration, the expected observed neutrino energy flux is directly derived, based upon confronting the fireball phenomenology with the discrete set of observed electromagnetic parameters of GRB980703a, gleaned from ground-based and satellite observations, for four models, corrected for oscillations. Models 1 and 2, based upon spectral analysis featuring a prompt photon energy fit to the Band function, utilize an observed spectroscopic redshift, for isotropic and anisotropic emission geometry, respectively. Model 3 is based upon averaged burst parameters, assuming isotropic emission. Model 4, based upon a Band fit, features an estimated redshift from the lag-luminosity relation with isotropic emission. Consistent with our AMANDA-II analysis of GRB030329, which resulted in a flux upper limit of ~0.150 GeV/cm^2/s for model 1, we find differences in excess of an order of magnitude in the response of AMANDA-B10, among the various models for GRB980703a. Implications for future searches in the era of Swift and IceCube are discussed.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables, Contributed to the Proceedings of The 16th Annual Astrophysics Conference in Maryland: Gamma Ray Bursts in the Swift Era. Edited by Stephen S. Holt, Neil Gehrels and John A. Nousek (2006)
Bar constructions and Quillen homology of modules over operads
Creators: name: Harper, John E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55P43; 55P48; 55U35; 18G55

description: We show that topological Quillen homology of algebras and modules over operads in symmetric spectra can be calculated by realizations of simplicial bar constructions. Working with several model category structures, we give a homotopical proof after showing that certain homotopy colimits in algebras and modules over operads can be easily understood. A key result here, which lies at the heart of this paper, is showing that the forgetful functor commutes with certain homotopy colimits. We also prove analogous results for algebras and modules over operads in unbounded chain complexes.
description: 38 pages, uses xy-pic, minor revision
Binary Population Synthesis
Creators: name: Han, Zhanwen
name: Ge, Hongwei
name: Chen, Xuefei
name: Chen, Hailiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binary interactions lead to the formation of intriguing objects, such as compact binaries, supernovae, gamma ray bursts, X-ray binaries, pulsars, novae, cataclysmic variables, hot subdwarf stars, barium stars, and blue stragglers. To study the evolution of binary populations and the consequent formation of these objects, many methods have been developed over the years, of which a robust approach named binary population synthesis (BPS) warrants special attention. This approach has seen widespread use in many areas of astrophysics, including but not limited to analyses of the stellar content of galaxies, research on galactic chemical evolution, and studies concerning star formation and cosmic re-ionization. In this review, we discuss the role of BPS, its general picture, and the various components that comprise it. We pay special attention to the stability criteria for mass transfer in binaries, as this stability largely determines the fate of binary systems. We conclude with our perspectives regarding the future of this field.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, accepted publication for RAA
Generative AI in Education MOOC.docx
Creators: name: Rodolico, Gabriella
name: Robinson, Leon
name: Leslie, Brian
name: McLaughlin, Kenneth
Publisher: name: Edge Hill University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: In this 4-hour course, participants will delve into the world of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its applications in education. The course aims to provide an initial understanding of the fundamentals of generative AI and create a space where engaging in critical evaluation of AI exploring its potential benefits and drawbacks in educational experiences through practical exemplars. Learners will be introduced to the ethical considerations associated with its use, and analyse the impact that AI could have on the positive learning experience of learners. Through interactive discussions, multimodal examples of ChatGPT uses in Education, and forum discussions participants will gain insights into the multifaceted aspects of generative AI in education.MOOC link https://coursera.org/learn/generative-ai-in-education
Molecular Quantum Materials: Electronic Phases and Charge Dynamics in Two-Dimensional Organic Solids
Creators: name: Dressel, Martin
name: Tomić, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review provides a perspective on recent developments and their implications for our understanding of novel quantum phenomena in the physics of two-dimensional organic solids. We concentrate on the phase transitions and collective response in the charge sector, the importance of coupling of electronic and lattice degrees of freedom and stress an intriguing role of disorder. After a brief introduction to low-dimensional organic solids and their crystallographic structures, we focus on the dimensionality and interactions and emergent quantum phenomena. Important topics of current research in organic matter with sizeable electronic correlations are Mott metal-insulator phase transitions, charge order and ferroelectricity. Highly frustrated two-dimensional systems are established model compounds for studying the quantum spin liquid state and the competition with magnetic long-range order. There are also unique examples of quantum disordered state of magnetic and electric dipoles. Representative experimental results are complemented by current theoretical approaches.
description: 135 pages, 79 figures
Colour entangled orphan quarks and dark energy from cosmic QCD phase transition
Creators: name: Banerjee, Shibaji
name: Bhattacharyya, Abhijit
name: Ghosh, Sanjay K.
name: lgenfritz, Ernst-Michael
name: Raha, Sibaji
name: Sinha, Bikash
name: Takasugi, Eiichi
name: Toki, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present day astrophysical observations indicate that the universe is composed of a large amount of dark energy (DE) responsible for an accelerated expansion of the universe, along with a sizeable amount of cold dark matter (CDM), responsible for structure formation. The explanations for the origin or the nature of both CDM and DE seem to require ideas beyond the standard model of elementary particle interactions. Here we show that CDM and DE both can arise from the standard principles of strong interaction physics and quantum entanglement.
description: 5 pages manuscript, To be published in proceedings of Quark Matter 2005
Transport in the Laughlin quasiparticle interferometer: Evidence for topological protection in an anyonic qubit
Creators: name: Camino, F. E.
name: Zhou, W.
name: Goldman, V. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experiments on temperature and Hall voltage bias dependence of the superperiodic conductance oscillations in the novel Laughlin quasiparticle interferometer, where quasiparticles of the 1/3 fractional quantum Hall fluid execute a closed path around an island of the 2/5 fluid. The amplitude of the oscillations fits well the quantum-coherent thermal dephasing dependence predicted for a two point-contact chiral edge channel interferometer in the full experimental temperature range 10.2
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
TALABALAR ORASIDA SAMARALI MULOQOTNI  RIVOJLANTIRISH UCHUN INNOVATSION TA'LIM STRATEGIYALARIDAN FOYDALANISHNING AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Djurayeva, Nilufar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Muloqot - bir  birimizga fikrlarimizni, tuyg'ularimizni, tasavvur va g'oyalarimizni etkazib beruvchi vosita. Har bir talaba, albatta, samarali muloqot ko’nikmalariga muhtoj. Shu nuqtai nazardan, o'qituvchilar talabalar o'rtasida muloqot ko’nikmalarini rivojlantirishda muhim o’rin tutadi.  Hozirgi tezkor zamonda darslarda innovatsion usullar va strategiyalardan foydalanishga talab ortib bormoqda,  talabalar o'rtasida komminikatsiya ko'nikmalarini oshirish uchun turli xil sifatli o'quv resurslarini shakllantirishni talab etmoqda.Ushbu maqolada talabalarda muloqot ko’nikmalarini rivojlanishi va kelajakda etuk kadr bo’lib etishishida raqamli resurslarning o’rni haqida aytilgan.
Anytime Minibatch with Delayed Gradients
Creators: name: Al-Lawati, Haider
name: Draper, Stark C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Distributed optimization is widely deployed in practice to solve a broad range of problems. In a typical asynchronous scheme, workers calculate gradients with respect to out-of-date optimization parameters while the master uses stale (i.e., delayed) gradients to update the parameters. While using stale gradients can slow the convergence, asynchronous methods speed up the overall optimization with respect to wall clock time by allowing more frequent updates and reducing idling times. In this paper, we present a variable per-epoch minibatch scheme called Anytime Minibatch with Delayed Gradients (AMB-DG). In AMB-DG, workers compute gradients in epochs of a fixed time while the master uses stale gradients to update the optimization parameters. We analyze AMB-DG in terms of its regret bound and convergence rate. We prove that for convex smooth objective functions, AMB-DG achieves the optimal regret bound and convergence rate. We compare the performance of AMB-DG with that of Anytime Minibatch (AMB) which is similar to AMB-DG but does not use stale gradients. In AMB, workers stay idle after each gradient transmission to the master until they receive the updated parameters from the master while in AMB-DG workers never idle. We also extend AMB-DG to the fully distributed setting. We compare AMB-DG with AMB when the communication delay is long and observe that AMB-DG converges faster than AMB in wall clock time. We also compare the performance of AMB-DG with the state-of-the-art fixed minibatch approach that uses delayed gradients. We run our experiments on a real distributed system and observe that AMB-DG converges more than two times.
description: Accepted for publication in the IEEE Transaction on Signal and Information Processing over Networks
Drift effects and the cosmic ray density gradient in a solar rotation period: First observation with the Global Muon Detector Network (GMDN)
Creators: name: Okazaki, Y.
name: Fushishita, A.
name: Narumi, T.
name: Kato, C.
name: Yasue, S.
name: Kuwabara, T.
name: Bieber, J. W.
name: Evenson, P.
name: Da Silva, M. R.
name: Lago, A. Dal
name: Schuch, N. J.
name: Fujii, Z.
name: Duldig, M. L.
name: Humble, J. E.
name: Sabbah, I.
name: Kóta, J.
name: Munakata, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present for the first time hourly variations of the spatial density gradient of 50 GeV cosmic rays within a sample solar rotation period in 2006. By inversely solving the transport equation, including diffusion, we deduce the gradient from the anisotropy that is derived from the observation made by the Global Muon Detector Network (GMDN). The anisotropy obtained by applying a new analysis method to the GMDN data is precise and free from atmospheric temperature effects on the muon count rate recorded by ground based detectors. We find the derived north-south gradient perpendicular to the ecliptic plane is oriented toward the Helioshperic Current Sheet (HCS) (i.e. southward in the toward sector of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) and northward in the away sector). The orientation of the gradient component parallel to the ecliptic plane remains similar in both sectors with an enhancement of its magnitude seen after the Earth crosses the HCS. These temporal features are interpreted in terms of a local maximum of the cosmic ray density at the HCS. This is consistent with the prediction of the drift model for the $A<0$ epoch. By comparing the observed gradient with the numerical prediction of a simple drift model, we conclude that particle drifts in the large-scale magnetic field play an important role in organizing the density gradient, at least in the present $A<0$ epoch. We also found that corotating interaction regions did not have such a notable effect. Observations with the GMDN provide us with a new tool for investigating cosmic ray transport in the IMF.
description: 35 pages, 10 figures, submitted to the Astrophysical Journal
Transport of launched cold atoms with a laser guide and pulsed magnetic fields
Creators: name: Pritchard, Matthew J
name: Arnold, Aidan S
name: Cornish, Simon L
name: Hallwood, David W
name: Pleasant, Chris V S
name: Hughes, Ifan G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the novel combination of a laser guide and magnetic lens to transport a cold atomic cloud. We have modelled the loading and guiding of a launched cloud of cold atoms with the optical dipole force. We discuss the optimum strategy for loading typically 30% of the atoms from a MOT and guiding them vertically through 22cm. However, although the atoms are tightly confined transversely, thermal expansion in the propagation direction still results in a density loss of two orders of magnitude. By combining the laser guide with a single impulse from a magnetic lens we show one can actually increase the density of the guided atoms by a factor of 10.
description: 18 pages 11 figures. To appear in New J. Phys. Original version modified to include referee's improvements
Multispecies Ovary Tissue Histology Electronic Repository (MOTHER) Slide Scanning Protocol
Creators: name: Ding, Yian
name: Shah, Gaurika
name: Wenli, Ma
name: Chu, Ting-Yu
name: Zelinski, Mary
name: Watanabe, Karen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: microscopy
digital imaging
data management

description: This document is a protocol that descibes procedures for creating ovary histology digital images from glass slides.  It includes step-by-step procedures for scanning the slides, quality control checks, recording notes in a workflow log, what to do if rescanning is needed because of poor image quality, and troubleshooting.
Race and Patient Perception of Interpersonal Processes of Care: Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer
Creators: name: Rosu, Claudia A.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2007
Subjects: Health Sciences, Oncology (0992)

description: In the U.S., African-American women have the highest mortality from breast cancer I spite of disease's greater incidence rates among Caucasian women. The stage at diagnosis is the most powerful determinant of survival from breast cancer and it is well-known that Black women are diagnosed at later stages that White women. However, the causes of this are not fully understood. A novel hypothesis is that patients' perceptions of interpersonal processes of care during medical visits with their primary care providers (PCPs) may contribute to cancer stage at diagnosis. This exploratory study examines the effect of race on perception of interpersonal processes of care and the effect of interpersonal processes of care on cancer stage at presentation. Predisposing, enabling, need, and other patient and provider characteristics were examined as well. A survey was conducted with a sample of 80 Black and White women diagnosed with breast cancer. The conceptual framework used was Stewart et al.'s Interpersonal Processes of Care. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the interpersonal processes of care measures for this study sample. A probit analysis was used to estimate the effects of race and interpersonal processes of care on cancer stage at diagnosis. Due to sample size, a p-value of 0.1 was considered significant. Race was a determinant of cancer stage at diagnosis for this study sample, white women being more likely to be diagnosed with stage I breast cancer than black women. Having public or no health insurance, being older, and delaying medical care were factors associated with late stage at diagnosis. Moreover, the patients whose PCPs explained to them the importance of diet and lifestyle for their health were more likely to be diagnosed at early stages. The findings of this study support the need for adequate and timely health insurance for all Americans and for programs to raise awareness among PCPs about the racial disparities in healthcare, the importance of patient-provider communication, and the role of the PCPs in patient education about health maintenance, disease prevention through healthy lifestyle, and cancer screening methods and timelines.
Dispersion Phenomena in Micropellicular HPLC Columns
Creators: name: Guo, Hui
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: mass transfer in HPLC columns
Engineering, Chemical (0542)

description: Recent studies in the literature have suggested that the A term in the equation for the plate height, which is the term accounting for interparticle dispersion, is more significant, and may largely determine the column performance in a variety of preparative and analytical high-performance chromatographic processes. In this study, we developed a complete theory for the A term by first defining two ideal regimes, which are the close to equilibrium and far from equilibrium regime, as well as the intermediate regime based on an extension of a result obtained by Wang and Stewart result.  The interparticle dispersion in a chromatographic column are studied experimentally and theoretically using HPLC columns containing micropellicular (nonporous) particles so that intraparticle mass transfer is eliminated as a plate height contribution. Single and bi-directional plate height experiments were performed, as well as arrested flow experiments where the 2D band shape in the column was visualized.  By using this combined experimental and theoretical approach, our study provided a rigorous foundation for the transcolumn contribution to the plate height, and also a better understanding of the connection between the column packing processes, the structure of a packed chromatographic bed, and the performance of a chromatographic column.
Efficient computation of matched solutions of the Kapchinskij-Vladimirskij envelope equations for periodic focusing lattices
Creators: name: Lund, Steven M.
name: Chilton, Sven H.
name: Lee, Edward P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new iterative method is developed to numerically calculate the periodic, matched beam envelope solution of the coupled Kapchinskij-Vladimirskij (KV) equations describing the transverse evolution of a beam in a periodic, linear focusing lattice of arbitrary complexity. Implementation of the method is straightforward. It is highly convergent and can be applied to all usual parameterizations of the matched envelope solutions. The method is applicable to all classes of linear focusing lattices without skew couplings, and also applies to all physically achievable system parameters -- including where the matched beam envelope is strongly unstable. Example applications are presented for periodic solenoidal and quadrupole focusing lattices. Convergence properties are summarized over a wide range of system parameters.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, Mathematica source code provided