cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the existence of acyclic curves satisfying certain conditions with respect to a given continuous curve
Creators: name: Cleveland, Clark Milton, 1892-
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1930
Subjects: subject: Acyclic curves
subject: Curves
subject: Continuous curves
subject: Connected set
subject: Cut points
subject: Subset
subject: Complementary domains
subject: Arc
subject: Bounded
subject: Disconnected subset
subject: Curves
subject: Set theory

description: Part I of this paper has to do with connected sets of cut points of a given continuous curve. It will be shown that any connected set of cut points, K, of a given continuous curve, M, lie together in an arc of K which is a subset of the boundaries of a finite number of complementary domains of M. G. T. Whyburn calls attention to the fact that from his results it follows that K is arc-wise connected. To show that any two points of K can be joined by an arc of K which is a subset of the boundaries of a finite number of complementary domains of M is the object of Part I. Part II has to do with a totally disconnected closed subset, K, of a given continuous curve, M, no subset of which disconnects M. R. L. Moore has shown that any two points not belonging to a bounded continuous curve can be joined by an arc which does not disconnect the continuous curve. The object of Part II of this paper is to show that if M is a bounded continuous curve which contains no domain and K is a totally disconnected closed subset of M, no subset of which disconnects M, then there exists an acyclic continuous curve, T, containing K and having in common with M a totally disconnected set, the omission of which leaves M connected, and such that the end points of T is a subset of K
A study of top-quark mass measurement using the lepton energy distribution at the Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: An, Seo Hyun
name: Kawabata, Sayaka
name: Kim, Tae Jeong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a feasibility study of top-quark mass measurement using the energy distribution of a lepton from a W boson in a top quark decay in pp collisions at the LHC. The proposed method requires only the lepton energy distribution at the parton level. The analysis is performed in the lepton + jets final state by using fast simulation data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 20 fb-1 at 14 TeV. Events with exactly one lepton, at least 3 jets and at least 1 b jet are selected. The lepton energy distribution at the parton level is obtained by applying the bin-by-bin unfolding technique. The study shows that the pole mass of the top quark can be measured within an uncertainty of 1 GeV.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Nanodruty monoatomowe borowe - wyniki obliczeń ewolucyjnych
Creators: name: Tarkowski, Tomasz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Repozytorium zawiera wyniki obliczeń ewolucyjnych dla monoatomowych nanodrutów borowych. Zawartość katalogów: evolution - dzienniki ewolucji results - wyniki obliczeń single_atom - obliczenia dla pojedynczego atomu boru W katalogu results znajduje się plik index.html, który po otwarciu w przeglądarce internetowej umożliwia wyświetlenie animacji struktur krystalicznych nanodrutów. Do przygotowania animacji struktur krystalicznych wykorzystano program XCrySDen [1]. [1] Anton Kokalj, XCrySDen—a new program for displaying crystalline structures and electron densities, Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling 17 (3), 176-179 (1999), DOI: 10.1016/S1093-3263(99)00028-5
title: Geological map of the Napier-Hastings urban area
Creators: name: Lee, Julie M.
name: Begg, John G.
name: Bland, Kyle J.
Publisher: name: GNS Science
Year: 2022

description: This 1:75 000 scale map provides updated geological mapping for the Napier-Hastings urban areas. New information includes detailed mapping of Pliocene–Quaternary-age rocks in the hills northwest of Napier and the Ngaruroro River, new formations introduced to encompass Holocene river and marine deposits, and revision of surficial and sub-surface traces of potentially active faults.  The map provides geological context for the landscape features within this dynamic part of North Island’s east coast.
Rocks present in the map area record the development of the Hikurangi subduction margin and deformation associated with it.  The oldest rocks present are Eocene to Miocene-age deep-marine mudstone and sandstone, distributed in fault-controlled northeast–southwest-trending strips east of Havelock North.  Pliocene- to Quaternary-age shallow-marine limestone, mudstone, and sandstone overlie the Miocene rocks and form the hill country that immediately surrounds the Napier-Hastings urban areas.  Conglomerate, pumiceous sandstone, carbonaceous mudstone, and volcaniclastic deposits of early to middle Quaternary age, are preserved at Cape Kidnappers, south of Havelock North, and as isolated remnants on hilltops west of Napier. Middle to late Quaternary alluvial fan and marginal-marine sediments were deposited by rivers and coastal processes. The Awanui and Tukituki faults are steeply-dipping reverse faults with surface traces exposed in the south of the map area but buried beneath the plains farther north.
Optimized contraction scheme for tensor-network states
Creators: name: Xie, Z. Y.
name: Liao, H. J.
name: Huang, R. Z.
name: Xie, H. D.
name: Chen, J.
name: Liu, Z. Y.
name: Xiang, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the tensor-network framework, the expectation values of two-dimensional quantum states are evaluated by contracting a double-layer tensor network constructed from initial and final tensor-network states. The computational cost of carrying out this contraction is generally very high, which limits the largest bond dimension of tensor-network states that can be accurately studied to a relatively small value. We propose an optimized contraction scheme to solve this problem by mapping the double-layer tensor network onto an intersected single-layer tensor network. This reduces greatly the bond dimensions of local tensors to be contracted and improves dramatically the efficiency and accuracy of the evaluation of expectation values of tensor-network states. It almost doubles the largest bond dimension of tensor-network states whose physical properties can be efficiently and reliably calculated, and it extends significantly the application scope of tensor-network methods.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, accepted version for Phys. Rev. B. The title is changed for easier understanding
title: Crustal growth and reworking in the early Archean Narryer Terrane: new evidence from strontium isotopes in apatite inclusions
Creators: name: Gillespie, Jack
name: Kinny, Peter D.
name: Cavosie, Aaron J.
name: Kirkland, Christopher L.
name: Martin, Laure
name: Roberts, Malcolm
name: Aleshin, Matvei
name: Fougerouse, Denis
name: Quadir, Zakaria
name: Nemchin, Alexander A
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The limited preservation of ancient crustal material poses a challenge for understanding the composition of Earth’s early crust. As a result of poor preservation and near-ubiquitous overprinting by later geological events, deciphering the early evolution of our planet often relies on the isotopic composition of resistive minerals, such as zircon. Although the isotopic information recorded by zircon grains has proved an invaluable asset to workers seeking to understand the geological evolution of the Earth, it is limited by the range of elements easily incorporated into the structure of the mineral.

One way to overcome these limitations is by analysing inclusions of other minerals that were trapped within the zircon during crystallisation. Apatite has great potential in this respect, as it is commonly found as inclusions in magmatic zircon and records a variety of useful isotopic information. Here we present an approach for investigating igneous petrogenesis and crustal evolution by combining 87Sr/86Sr measurements of apatite inclusions with U–Pb and Hf isotope analysis of their host zircon crystal. The Sr isotope information contained in the apatite can be accessed by applying a novel SIMS technique we developed for this purpose.

A case study applying this new approach to Eoarchean igneous rocks of the Narryer Terrane in the northern Yilgarn Craton of Western Australia demonstrates how this can be used to understand the evolution of this key locality, with implications for both regional geology and the growth of the continental crust.
Ly$α$ profile, dust, and prediction of Ly$α$ escape fraction in Green Pea Galaxies
Creators: name: Yang, Huan
name: Malhotra, Sangeeta
name: Gronke, Max
name: Rhoads, James E.
name: Leitherer, Claus
name: Wofford, Aida
name: Jiang, Tianxing
name: Dijkstra, Mark
name: Tilvi, V.
name: Wang, Junxian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied Lyman-$α$ (Ly$α$) escape in a statistical sample of 43 Green Peas with HST/COS Ly$α$ spectra. Green Peas are nearby star-forming galaxies with strong [OIII]$λ$5007 emission lines. Our sample is four times larger than the previous sample and covers a much more complete range of Green Pea properties. We found that about 2/3 of Green Peas are strong Ly$α$ line emitters with rest-frame Ly$α$ equivalent width $>20$ Å. The Ly$α$ profiles of Green Peas are diverse. The Ly$α$ escape fraction, defined as the ratio of observed Ly$α$ flux to intrinsic Ly$α$ flux, shows anti-correlations with a few Ly$α$ kinematic features -- both the blue peak and red peak velocities, the peak separations, and FWHM of the red portion of the Ly$α$ profile. Using properties measured from SDSS optical spectra, we found many correlations -- Ly$α$ escape fraction generally increases at lower dust reddening, lower metallicity, lower stellar mass, and higher [OIII]/[OII] ratio. We fit their Ly$α$ profiles with the HI shell radiative transfer model and found Ly$α$ escape fraction anti-correlates with the best-fit $N_{HI}$. Finally, we fit an empirical linear relation to predict Ly$α$ escape fraction from the dust extinction and Ly$α$ red peak velocity. The standard deviation of this relation is about 0.3 dex. This relation can be used to isolate the effect of IGM scatterings from Ly$α$ escape and to probe the IGM optical depth along the line of sight of each $z>7$ Ly$α$ emission line galaxy in the JWST era.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, machine-readable tables included. ApJ in-press
The contributions of time and mnemonic variability to the spacing effect
Creators: name: Rottman, Benjamin
name: Yiwen Zhang
name: Murty, Vishnu
name: Cowan, Emily T
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2026
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: We rely on our memories of the past to help guide our behaviors. Prior work has shown that spacing repeated learning sessions over time, rather than compressing exposures into a single learning session, benefits the long-term retention of the information (Hintzman et al., 1975; Cepeda et al., 2006). While this effect has been studied for decades, it remains debated why spacing confers such benefits. It’s been hypothesized that spacing learning provides an opportunity for new memories to be stabilized through a process known as memory consolidation (Litman and Davachi, 2008; Xue et al., 2010). During offline periods following learning, such as sleep, neural mechanisms facilitate interactions across brain regions, allowing new memories to be strengthened and transformed so they can be incorporated into long-term memory stores (McClelland et al., 1995; Rasch and Born, 2013). As such, repeated exposures may reactivate and strengthen the same stabilized memory trace. On the other hand, it’s been hypothesized that with each learning exposure, the memory is encoded with slight differences, or greater ‘encoding variability’, resulting from factors like the slow drift in background context, which strengthens the memory trace (Melton, 1970; Maddox, 2016). However, variability has also been shown to lead to interference across memories, with overlapping memory traces competing during retrieval (Anderson, 1974; Anderson and Reder, 1999). In a prior pre-registered experiment we attempted to adjudicate between the contributions of variability and consolidation to the spacing effect (https://osf.io/4fqh9/). We found that introducing variability in memoranda led to better item memory compared to direct repetitions, but this benefit diminished with increasing spacing intervals between learning sessions. These results suggest encoding variability may be less influential for item memory under conditions that promote consolidation. In the present study we follow up on these findings in order to further elucidate the role of delay-dependent consolidation versus the relative effect of trial distributions.
Transport Effects on Multiple-Component Reactions in Optical Biosensors
Creators: name: Evans, Ryan M.
name: Edwards, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Optical biosensors are often used to measure kinetic rate constants associated with chemical reactions. Such instruments operate in the \textit{surface-volume} configuration, in which ligand molecules are convected through a fluid-filled volume over a surface to which receptors are confined. Currently, scientists are using optical biosenors to measure the kinetic rate constants associated with DNA translesion synthesis--a process critical to DNA damage repair. Biosensor experiments to study this process involve multiple interacting components on the sensor surface. This multiple-component biosensor experiment is modeled with a set of nonlinear integrodifferential equations (IDEs). It is shown that in physically relevant asymptotic limits these equations reduce to a much simpler set of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs). To verify the validity of our ODE approximation, a numerical method for the IDE system is developed and studied. Results from the ODE model agree with simulations of the IDE model, rendering our ODE model useful for parameter estimation.
Incoherent-mediator for quantum state transfer in the ultrastrong coupling regime
Creators: name: Cárdenas-López, F. A.
name: Albarrán-Arriagada, F.
name: Barrios, G. Alvarado
name: Retamal, J. C.
name: Romero, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum state transfer between two qubits coupled to a common quantum bus that is constituted by an ultrastrong coupled light-matter system. By tuning both qubit frequencies on resonance with a forbidden transition in the mediating system, we demonstrate a high-fidelity swap operation even though the quantum bus is thermally populated. This proposal may have applications on hot quantum information processing within the context of ultrastrong coupling regime of light-matter interaction.
description: Minor corrections and reference updated. Accepted for publication by Scientific Reports
Markov chain sampling of the $O(n)$ loop models on the infinite plane
Creators: name: Herdeiro, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently proposed in https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevE.94.043322 [Herdeiro & Doyon Phys.,Rev.,E (2016)] a numerical method showing a precise sampling of the infinite plane 2d critical Ising model for finite lattice subsections. The present note extends the method to a larger class of models, namely the $O(n)$ loop gas models for $n \in (1,2]$. We argue that even though the Gibbs measure is non local, it is factorizable on finite subsections when sufficient information on the loops touching the boundaries is stored. Our results attempt to show that provided an efficient Markov chain mixing algorithm and an improved discrete lattice dilation procedure the planar limit of the $O(n)$ models can be numerically studied with efficiency similar to the Ising case. This confirms that scale invariance is the only requirement for the present numerical method to work.
description: v2: added conclusion section, changes in introduction and appendices
The infinitesimal moduli space of heterotic $G_2$ systems
Creators: name: de la Ossa, Xenia
name: Larfors, Magdalena
name: Svanes, Eirik E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Heterotic string compactifications on integrable $G_2$ structure manifolds $Y$ with instanton bundles $(V,A), (TY,\tildeθ)$ yield supersymmetric three-dimensional vacua that are of interest in physics. In this paper, we define a covariant exterior derivative $\cal D$ and show that it is equivalent to a heterotic $G_2$ system encoding the geometry of the heterotic string compactifications. This operator $\cal D$ acts on a bundle ${\cal Q}=T^*Y\oplus{\rm End}(V)\oplus{\rm End}(TY)$ and satisfies a nilpotency condition $\check{\cal D}^2=0$, for an appropriate projection of $\cal D$. Furthermore, we determine the infinitesimal moduli space of these systems and show that it corresponds to the finite-dimensional cohomology group $\check H^1_{\check{\cal D}}(\cal Q)$. We comment on the similarities and differences of our result with Atiyah's well-known analysis of deformations of holomorphic vector bundles over complex manifolds. Our analysis leads to results that are of relevance to all orders in the $α'$ expansion.
description: v1: 60 pages, including 3 appendices, v2: minor updates, references added, v3: matches published version
Effective Temperatures and Radiation Spectra for a Higher-Dimensional Schwarzschild-de-Sitter Black-Hole
Creators: name: Kanti, Panagiota
name: Pappas, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The absence of a true thermodynamical equilibrium for an observer located in the causal area of a Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime has repeatedly raised the question of the correct definition of its temperature. In this work, we consider five different temperatures for a higher-dimensional Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole: the bare $T_0$, the normalised $T_{BH}$ and three effective ones given in terms of both the black hole and cosmological horizon temperatures. We find that these five temperatures exhibit similarities but also significant differences in their behaviour as the number of extra dimensions and the value of the cosmological constant are varied. We then investigate their effect on the energy emission spectra of Hawking radiation. We demonstrate that the radiation spectra for the normalised temperature $T_{BH}$ -- proposed by Bousso and Hawking over twenty years ago -- leads to the dominant emission curve while the other temperatures either support a significant emission rate only at a specific $Λ$ regime or they have their emission rates globally suppressed. Finally, we compute the bulk-over-brane emissivity ratio and show that the use of different temperatures may lead to different conclusions regarding the brane or bulk dominance.
description: 31 pages, PDFLatex, 8 figures, 8 Tables, typos corrected, version to appear in Physical Review D
title: Radiocarbon depleted intermediate water masses during the LGM in the equatorial Indian Ocean
Creators: name: Raddatz, Jacek
name: Beisel, Elvira
name: Butzin, Martin
name: Schröder-Ritzrau, Andrea
name: Betzler, Christian
name: Frank, Norbert
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Ocean circulation and changes in ventilation represent one of the crucial regulation screws in the Earth´s climate system. For the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 21 kyr BP), characterized by a 100 ppm lower atmospheric CO2 concentration, growing evidence exists for enhanced storage of CO2 in the deep-sea. However, inasmuch the intermediate depth of the oceans opposed or amplified this sequestration is poorly constrained.

Here we present coupled 230Th/U and 14C measurements on scleractinian cold-water corals retrieved from ~450m water depth off the Maldives in the Indian Ocean. Based on these measurements we calculate ∆14C, ∆∆14C and Benthic-Atmosphere (Batm) ages in order to understand ventilation dynamics of Indian Ocean intermediate water masses. Our results exhibit radiocarbon depleted intermediate water masses as low as -340 ‰ (∆∆14C), corresponding to ~2100 years (Batm) at the LGM. Such extremely radiocarbon depleted intermediate water masses suggest abyssal upwelling of southern-sourced deep-water masses, being strongly enriched in respired carbon and thus highlighting the oceanic carbon storage capacity even at upper thermocline depth. Nevertheless, Batm ages reveal a pronounced short-term centennial variability, that demonstrates the dynamic nature of thisoceanographic phenomena.

Thus, reduced intermediate ocean ventilation off the Maldives and resulting carbon storage may help to improve our understanding of the role of the thermocline Ocean with respect to the Earth´s carbon cycle.
Universal deformation rings, endo-trivial modules, and semidihedral and generalized quaternion 2-groups
Creators: name: Bleher, Frauke M.
name: Chinburg, Ted
name: Soto, Roberto C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C20, 20C15, 16G10

description: Let $k$ be a field of characteristic $p>0$, and let $W$ be a complete discrete valuation ring of characteristic $0$ that has $k$ as its residue field. Suppose $G$ is a finite group and $G^{\mathrm{ab},p}$ is its maximal abelian $p$-quotient group. We prove that every endo-trivial $kG$-module $V$ has a universal deformation ring that is isomorphic to the group ring $WG^{\mathrm{ab},p}$. In particular, this gives a positive answer to a question raised by Bleher and Chinburg for all endo-trivial modules. Moreover, we show that the universal deformation of $V$ over $WG^{\mathrm{ab},p}$ is uniquely determined by any lift of $V$ over $W$. In the case when $p=2$ and $G=\mathrm{D}$ is a $2$-group that is either semidihedral or generalized quaternion, we give an explicit description of the universal deformation of every indecomposable endo-trivial $k\mathrm{D}$-module $V$.
description: 19 pages; the paper has been substantially revised from its previous version
Exact time dependence of causal correlations and nonequilibrium density matrices in holographic systems
Creators: name: Joshi, Lata Kh
name: Mukhopadhyay, Ayan
name: Preis, Florian
name: Ramadevi, Pichai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first exact calculations of the time dependence of causal correlations in driven nonequilibrium states in (2+1)-dimensional systems using holography. Comparing exact results with those obtained from simple prototype geometries that are parametrized only by a time dependent temperature, we find that the universal slowly varying features are controlled just by the pump duration and the initial and final temperatures only. We provide numerical evidence that the locations of the event and apparent horizons in the dual geometries can be deduced from the nonequilibrium causal correlations without any prior knowledge of the dual gravity theory.
description: 6 pages + 3 pages supplemental material, 7 figures (colour), v2: corrected typos, changed colour coding in Fig. 1, v3: to be published in PRD, Fig. 3 split into Figs. 3 and 4, Fig. 5 added, extended introduction
Mermin inequalities for perfect correlations in many-qutrit systems
Creators: name: Lawrence, Jay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of GHZ contradictions in many-qutrit systems was a long-standing theoretical question until it's (affirmative) resolution in 2013. To enable experimental tests, we derive Mermin inequalities from concurrent observable sets identified in those proofs. These employ a weighted sum of observables, called M, in which every term has the chosen GHZ state as an eigenstate with eigenvalue unity. The quantum prediction for M is then just the number of concurrent observables, and this grows asymptotically as 2^N/3 as the number of qutrits (N) goes to infinity. The maximum classical value falls short for every N, so that the quantum to classical ratio (starting at 1.5 when N=3), diverges exponentially (~ 1.064^N) as N goes to infinity, where the system is in a Schroedinger cat-like superposition of three macroscopically distinct states.
description: 12 pages, two figures
Diffusivities bounds and chaos in holographic Horndeski theories
Creators: name: Baggioli, Matteo
name: Li, Wei-Jia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermoelectric DC conductivities of Horndeski holographic models with momentum dissipation. We compute the butterfly velocity $v_B$ and we discuss the existence of universal bounds on charge and energy diffusivities in the incoherent limit related to quantum chaos. We find that the Horndeski coupling represents a subleading contribution to the thermoelectric conductivities in the incoherent limit and therefore it does not affect any of the proposed bounds.
description: 16 pages + 3 appendices, 2 figures; v2: references added, typo corrected ; v3: minor revisions, references added, version published in JHEP
Diamond Configuration for Non-reciprocal Transmission
Creators: name: Khorasani, Sina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A system scheme is presented which allows non-reciprocal wave transmission or directional amplification of electromagnetic signals, using a boxed four-node method. Edges represent strong hopping interactions and diagonals stand for weak parametric interactions. Using careful optimization of values for design parameters, we are able to obtain non-reciprocity in excess of 12dB and 130dB for intrinsic and extrinsic configurations at identical input/output frequencies. For the directional amplification, an isolation as high as 40dB is demonstrated with forward/backward gains of $\pm$20dB. Cascading two such systems potentially can offer high isolations at high gains.
description: accepted to IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
Shear viscosity $η$ to electrical conductivity $σ_{el}$ ratio for an anisotropic QGP
Creators: name: Thakur, Lata
name: Srivastava, P. K.
name: Kadam, Guru Prakash
name: George, Manu
name: Mishra, Hiranmaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transport properties of strongly interacting matter in the context of ultrarelativistic heavy ion collision experiments. We calculate the transport coefficients viz. shear viscosity ($η$) and electrical conductivity ($σ_{\rm{el}}$) of the quark-gluon plasma phase in the presence of momentum anisotropy arising from different expansion rates of the medium in longitudinal and transverse direction. We solve the relativistic Boltzmann kinetic equation in relaxation time approximation to calculate the shear viscosity and electrical conductivity. The calculations are performed within the quasiparticle model to estimate these transport coefficients and discuss the connection between them. We also compare the electrical conductivity results calculated from the quasiparticle model with the ideal case. We compare our results with the corresponding results obtained in the different lattice as well as model calculations.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, v2, published in PRD
Resource Theory of Coherence - Beyond States
Creators: name: Dana, Khaled Ben
name: Díaz, María García
name: Mejatty, Mohamed
name: Winter, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the recently proposed resource theory of coherence (or superposition) [Baumgratz, Cramer & Plenio, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113:140401; Winter & Yang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116:120404] to the setting where not only the free ("incoherent") resources, but also the objects manipulated are quantum operations, rather than states. In particular, we discuss an information theoretic notion of coherence capacity of a quantum channel, and prove a single-letter formula for it in the case of unitaries. Then we move to the coherence cost of simulating a channel, and prove achievability results for unitaries and general channels acting on a $d$-dimensional system; we show that a maximally coherent state of rank $d$ is always sufficient as a resource if incoherent operations are allowed. We also show lower bounds on the simulation cost of channels that allow us to conclude that there exists bound coherence in operations, i.e. maps with non-zero cost of implementing them but zero coherence capacity; this is in contrast to states, which do not exhibit bound coherence.
description: V1 6 pages; v2 is improved in every respect - it has more pages (6>10), more figures (0>2), more authors (3>4), and of course many more results; v3 has several smaller improvements, it is the final version accepted by the journal; v4 includes an erratum as ancillary file, correcting Proposition 3 (journal reference of the erratum: Phys. Rev. A 96, 059903 (2017); DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.96.059903)
Excited muon searches at the FCC based muon-hadron colliders
Creators: name: Caliskan, A.
name: Kara, S. O.
name: Ozansoy, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the excited muon production at the FCC based muon-hadron colliders. We give the excited muon decay widths and production cross section. We deal with the $μp\rightarrowμ^{\star}q\rightarrowμγq$ process and we plot the transverse momentum, rapidity and invariant mass distributions of final state particles to get the discovery cuts. By using discovery cuts, we get the mass limits for excited muons. It is shown that the discovery limits on the mass of $μ^{\star}$ are 2.2 TeV, 5.9 TeV and 7.5 TeV for $\mu63$-FCC, $\mu750$-FCC and $\mu1500$-FCC, respectively.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, version of published in Adv. High Energy Physics
A complex network analysis of ethnic conflicts and human rights violations
Creators: name: Sharma, Kiran
name: Sehgal, Gunjan
name: Gupta, Bindu
name: Sharma, Geetika
name: Chatterjee, Arnab
name: Chakraborti, Anirban
name: Shroff, Gautam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: News reports in media contain records of a wide range of socio-economic and political events in time. Using a publicly available, large digital database of news records, and aggregating them over time, we study the network of ethnic conflicts and human rights violations. Complex network analyses of the events and the involved actors provide important insights on the engaging actors, groups, establishments and sometimes nations, pointing at their long range effect over space and time. We find power law decays in distributions of actor mentions, co-actor mentions and degrees and dominance of influential actors and groups. Most influential actors or groups form a giant connected component which grows in time, and is expected to encompass all actors globally in the long run. We demonstrate how targeted removal of actors may help stop spreading unruly events. We study the cause-effect relation between types of events, and our quantitative analysis confirm that ethnic conflicts lead to human rights violations, while it does not support the converse.
description: 16 pages; main paper + Supplementary Information file; accepted for publication in Scientific Reports
Stress Response of Granular Systems
Creators: name: Ramola, Kabir
name: Chakraborty, Bulbul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a framework for stress response in two dimensional granular media, with and without friction, that respects vector force balance at the microscopic level. We introduce local gauge degrees of freedom that determine the response of contact forces between constituent grains on a given, disordered, contact network, to external perturbations. By mapping this response to the spectral properties of the graph Laplacian corresponding to the underlying contact network, we show that this naturally leads to spatial localization of forces. We present numerical evidence for localization using exact diagonalization studies of network Laplacians of soft disk packings. Finally, we discuss the role of other constraints, such as torque balance, in determining the stability of a granular packing to external perturbations.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures
Field dependence of the magnetic correlations of the frustrated magnet SrDy$_2$O$_4$
Creators: name: Gauthier, N.
name: Fennell, A.
name: Prévost, B.
name: Désilets-Benoit, A.
name: Dabkowska, H. A.
name: Zaharko, O.
name: Frontzek, M.
name: Sibille, R.
name: Bianchi, A. D.
name: Kenzelmann, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The frustrated magnet SrDy$_2$O$_4$ exhibits a field-induced phase with a magnetization plateau at $1/3$ of the saturation value for magnetic fields applied along the $b$-axis. We report here a neutron scattering study of the nature and symmetry of the magnetic order in this field-induced phase. Below $T\approx 0.5$ K, there are strong hysteretic effects, and the order is short or long ranged for zero-field and field cooling, respectively. We find that the long-range ordered magnetic structure within the zig-zag chains is identical to that expected for the one-dimensional axial next-nearest neighbour Ising (ANNNI) model in longitudinal field. The long-range ordered structure in field contrasts with the short-range order found at zero field, and is probably reached through enhanced quantum fluctuations with increasing fields.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Magnetism of PrFeAsO parent compound for iron-based superconductors: Mössbauer spectroscopy study
Creators: name: Komedera, K.
name: Pierzga, A.
name: Blachowski, A.
name: Ruebenbauer, K.
name: Budziak, A.
name: Katrych, S.
name: Karpinski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Moessbauer spectroscopy measurements were performed for the temperature range between 4.2 K and 300 K in a transmission geometry applying 14.41-keV resonant line in 57Fe for PrFeAsO the latter being a parent compound of the iron-based superconductors belonging to the '1111' family. It was found that an itinerant 3d magnetic order develops at about 165 K and it is accompanied by an orthorhombic distortion of the chemical unit cell. A complete longitudinal 3d incommensurate spin density wave (SDW) order develops at about 140 K. Transferred hyperfine magnetic field generated by the praseodymium magnetic order on iron nuclei is seen at 12.8 K and below, i.e., below magnetic order of praseodymium magnetic moments. It is oriented perpendicular to the field of SDW on iron nuclei. The shape of SDW is almost rectangular at low temperatures and it transforms into roughly triangular form around 'nematic' transition at about 140 K. Praseodymium magnetic order leads to the substantial enhancement of SDW due to the large orbital contribution to the magnetic moment of praseodymium. A transferred field indicates presence of strong magnetic susceptibility anisotropy in the [b-c] plane while following rotation of praseodymium magnetic moments in this plane with lowering temperature. It was found that 'nematic' phase region is a region of incoherent spin density wavelets typical for a critical region.
Hydrodynamics defines the stable swimming direction of spherical squirmers in a nematic liquid crystal
Creators: name: Lintuvuori, Juho S.
name: Würger, Alois
name: Stratford, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the hydrodynamics of an active particle, a model squirmer, in an envi- ronment with a broken rotational symmetry: a nematic liquid crystal. By combining simulations with analytic calculations, we show that the hydrodynamic coupling between the squirmer flow field and liquid crystalline director can lead to re-orientation of the swimmers. The preferred orientation depends on the exact details of the squirmer flow field. In a steady state, pushers are shown to swim parallel with the nematic director while pullers swim perpendicular to the nematic director. This behaviour arises solely from hydrodynamic coupling between the squirmer flow field and anisotropic viscosities of the host fluid. Our results suggest that an anisotropic swimming medium can be used to characterise and guide spherical microswimmers in the bulk.
description: 10 (6 + 4) pages, 5 figures
Barjols, devanture d'une boucherie-charcuterie, rue de la République.
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Resonant CP violation in rare tau decay
Creators: name: Zamora-Saa, Jilberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the lepton number violating tau decays via intermediate on-shell Majorana neutrinos $N_j$ into two scalar mesons and a lepton $τ^{\pm} \to M_1{}^{\pm} N_j \to M_1^{\pm} M_2^{\pm} \ell^{\mp}$. We calculate the Branching ratios $Br(τ^{\pm})$ and the CP asymmetry $(Γ(τ^+) - Γ(τ^-))/(Γ(τ^+) + Γ(τ^-))$ for such decays, in a scenario that contain at least two heavy Majorana neutrinos. The results show that the CP asymmetry is small, but becomes comparable with the branching ratio ${\rm Br}(τ^{\pm})$ when their mass difference is comparable with their decay width, $ΔM_N \sim Γ_N$. On the other hand, we present regions of the heavy-light neutrino mixing elements, in which the $CP$ asymmetry could be explore in future tau factories.
description: 18 pages, New references
Gravity with free initial conditions: a solution to the cosmological constant problem testable by CMB B-mode polarization
Creators: name: Totani, Tomonori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In standard general relativity the universe cannot be started with arbitrary initial conditions, because four of the ten components of the Einstein's field equations (EFE) are constraints on initial conditions. In the previous work it was proposed to extend the gravity theory to allow free initial conditions, with a motivation to solve the cosmological constant problem. This was done by setting four constraints on metric variations in the action principle, which is reasonable because the gravity's physical degrees of freedom are at most six. However, there are two problems about this theory; the three constraints in addition to the unimodular condition were introduced without clear physical meanings, and the flat Minkowski spacetime is unstable against perturbations. Here a new set of gravitational field equations is derived by replacing the three constraints with new ones requiring that geodesic paths remain geodesic against metric variations. The instability problem is then naturally solved. Implications for the cosmological constant $Λ$ are unchanged; the theory converges into EFE with nonzero $Λ$ by inflation, but $Λ$ varies on scales much larger than the present Hubble horizon. Then galaxies are formed only in small $Λ$ regions, and the cosmological constant problem is solved by the anthropic argument. Because of the increased degrees of freedom in metric dynamics, the theory predicts new non-oscillatory modes of metric anisotropy generated by quantum fluctuation during inflation, and CMB B-mode polarization would be observed differently from the standard predictions by general relativity.
description: 10 pages, no figure. Accepted by Phys. Rev. D
title: The influence of phospholipids on the structure and composition of ferrihydrite colloids
Creators: name: Chen, Zhengzheng
name: Perez, Jeffrey Paulo H.
name: Blukis, Roberts
name: Smales, Glen J.
name: Pauw, Brian R.
name: Stammeier, Jessica A.
name: Radnik, Jörg
name: Benning, Liane G.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Organophosphates (OP) are important nutrient components in soils and they readily interact with abundant iron phases. Ferrihydrite (FHY), a ubiquitous iron phase in soils, plays a major role in iron-mediated carbon storage. However, the influence of OP on FHY formation, transformation or stabilization is poorly understood. Here we investigated the effects that glycerol phosphate (GP; model organophosphate compound) has on the structure and properties of synthetic FHY. FHY-GP was synthesized by coprecipitation using variable initial molar P/Fe ratios (0.01 to 0.5). The solids displayed typical 2-line FHY X-ray diffraction pattern and chemical analyses showed that they all had a final P/Fe ratio of no more than 0.2. With increasing initial P/Fe ratio, we observed a sharp decrease in specific surface area from 290 to 3 m2 g-1 with an associated reduction in porosity. Analyses of solid products by small angle X-ray scattering revealed that the at high initial P/Fe ratios the solids formed were cluster with diameters of ~ 1.2 nm. Local structural and bonding environment analysis derived from infrared spectroscopy and Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy, showed that with increasing P loading, the bonding configuration gradually transitioned from the initial binary binuclear to monodentate mononuclear geometry, while the average coordination number of edge-shared Fe polyhedral decreased from 3.2 to 1.3 and the corner-shared Fe polyhedral disappeared. These results indicated that during the formation of the FHY-GP, the Fe(III) polymerization was likely impeded by the GP, with an increasing P/Fe ratio strongly affecting the resulting FHY-GP structure.
Magnetotransport properties of the triply degenerate node topological semimetal tungsten carbide
Creators: name: He, J. B.
name: Chen, D.
name: Zhu, W. L.
name: Zhang, S.
name: Zhao, L. X.
name: Ren, Z. A.
name: Chen, G. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the magnetoresistance (MR), Hall effect, and de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) effect studies of the single crystals of tungsten carbide, WC, which is predicted to be a new type of topological semimetal with triply degenerate nodes. With the magnetic field rotated in the plane perpendicular to the current, WC shows field induced metal to insulator like transition and large nonsaturating quadratic MR at low temperature. As the magnetic field parallel to the current, a pronounced negative longitudinal MR only can be observed when the current flows along the certain direction. Hall effect indicates WC is a perfect compensated semimetal, which may be related to the large nonsaturating quadratic MR. The analysis of dHvA oscillations reveals that WC is a multiband system with small cross-sectional areas of Fermi surface and light cyclotron effective masses. Our results indicate that WC is an ideal platform to study the recently proposed New Fermions with triply degenerate crossing points.
Barjols, pose de guirlandes de drapeaux pour la fête de la saint Marcel
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Mechanical pressure and momentum conservation in dry active matter
Creators: name: Fily, Yaouen
name: Kafri, Yariv
name: Solon, Alexandre P.
name: Tailleur, Julien
name: Turner, Ari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We relate the breakdown of equations of states for the mechanical pressure of generic dry active systems to the lack of momentum conservation in such systems. We show how sources and sinks of momentum arise generically close to confining walls. These typically depend on the interactions of the container with the particles, which makes the mechanical pressure a container-dependent quantity. We show that an equation of state is recovered if the dynamics of the orientation of active particles are decoupled from other degrees of freedom and lead to an apolar bulk steady-state. This is related to the fact that the mean steady-state active force density is the divergence of the flux of "active impulse", an observable which measures the mean momentum particles will receive from the substrate in the future.