cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Agglomerating Large Vision Encoders via Distillation for VFSS Segmentation
Creators: name: Zeng, Chengxi
name: Jiang, Yuxuan
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Gambaruto, Alberto
name: Burghardt, Tilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The deployment of foundation models for medical imaging has demonstrated considerable success. However, their training overheads associated with downstream tasks remain substantial due to the size of the image encoders employed, and the inference complexity is also significantly high. Although lightweight variants have been obtained for these foundation models, their performance is constrained by their limited model capacity and suboptimal training strategies. In order to achieve an improved tradeoff between complexity and performance, we propose a new framework to improve the performance of low complexity models via knowledge distillation from multiple large medical foundation models (e.g., MedSAM, RAD-DINO, MedCLIP), each specializing in different vision tasks, with the goal to effectively bridge the performance gap for medical image segmentation tasks. The agglomerated model demonstrates superior generalization across 12 segmentation tasks, whereas specialized models require explicit training for each task. Our approach achieved an average performance gain of 2\% in Dice coefficient compared to simple distillation.
Composite fabrics of conformal MoS2 grown on CNT fibers: tough battery anodes without metals or binders
Creators: name: Rana, Moumita
name: Boaretto, Nicola
name: Mikhalchan, Anastasiia
name: Santos, Maria Vila
name: Marcilla, Rebeca
name: Vilatela, Juan Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the quest to increase battery performance, nanostructuring battery electrodes gives access to architectures with electrical conductivity and solid-state diffusion regimes not accessible with traditional electrodes based on aggregated spherical microparticles, while often also contributing to the cyclability of otherwise unstable active materials. This work describes electrodes where active material and current collector are formed as a single nanostructured composite network, consisting of macroscopic fabrics of carbon nanotube fibers covered with conformal MoS2 grown preferentially aligned over the graphitic layers, without metallic current collector or any conductive or polymeric additives. The composite fabric of CNTF/MoS2 retain high toughness and show out-of-plane electrical conductivity as high as 1.2 S/m, above the threshold to avoid electrical transport-limited performance of electrodes (1 S/m), and above control nanocomposite LIB electrodes (0.1 S/m) produced from dispersed nanocarbons. Cycled against Li, they show specific capacity as high as 0.7 Ah/g along with appreciable rate capability and cycling stability in low (108% capacity retention after 50 cycles at 0.1 A/g) as well as high current density (89 % capacity retention after 250 cycles at 1 A/g). The composite fabrics are flexible, with high tensile toughness up to 0.7 J/g, over two orders of magnitude higher than conventional electrodes or regular MoS2 material, and full-electrode capacity above state of the art at different current densities.
description: 31 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Effect of assist-as-needed robotic gait training on the gait pattern post stroke: a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Alingh, J. F.
name: B. M. Fleerkotte
name: B. E. Groen
name: J. S. Rietman
name: V. Weerdesteyn
name: E. H. F. Van Asseldonk
name: A. C. H. Geurts
name: J. H. Buurke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Test statistics—External work, gait speed and secondary outcomes.
Additional file 2 of Effect of assist-as-needed robotic gait training on the gait pattern post stroke: a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Alingh, J. F.
name: B. M. Fleerkotte
name: B. E. Groen
name: J. S. Rietman
name: V. Weerdesteyn
name: E. H. F. Van Asseldonk
name: A. C. H. Geurts
name: J. H. Buurke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Test statistics—Individual training goals.
Additional file 1 of Assessing responsiveness of the EQ-5D-3L, the Oxford Hip Score, and the Oxford Knee Score in the NHS patient-reported outcome measures
Creators: name: Kang, Sujin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Descriptive statistics. Supplementary Table 2. The estimated improvement by other definitions for the independent data. Supplementary Table 3. Hip – patients’ perception of improvement (%) (using the Cohen’s ES (0.5 and 0.8) applied MCID). Supplementary Table 4. Knee – patients’ perception of improvement (%) (using the Cohen’s ES (0.5 and 0.8) applied MCID). Supplementary Figure 1. The OKS and EQ-5D-3L – total population (1, 3) and the transition level (2, 4). Supplementary Figure 2. The hip (1, 2) and the knee (3, 4) – total population in the NHS PROMs years. Supplementary Figure 3. Histograms of the OHS and the OKS changes (1, 3); Histograms of the EQ-5D-3L changes showed multimodal distributions (2, 4). Supplementary Figure 4. The OHS (1, 3, 5, 7, 9) and the OKS (2, 4, 6, 8, 10) proportion and probabilities of improvement by the transition level in the 4th degree fractional polynomial logistic regressions (using the Cohen’s medium ES (0.5) applied MCID).
The GALAH Survey: Chemical tagging and chrono-chemodynamics of accreted halo stars with GALAH+ DR3 and $Gaia$ eDR3
Creators: name: Buder, Sven
name: Lind, Karin
name: Ness, Melissa K.
name: Feuillet, Diane K.
name: Horta, Danny
name: Monty, Stephanie
name: Buck, Tobias
name: Nordlander, Thomas
name: Bland-Hawthorn, Joss
name: Casey, Andrew R.
name: De Silva, Gayandhi M.
name: D'Orazi, Valentina
name: Freeman, Ken C.
name: Hayden, Michael R.
name: Kos, Janez
name: Martell, Sarah L.
name: Lewis, Geraint F.
name: Lin, Jane
name: Schlesinger, Katharine. J.
name: Sharma, Sanjib
name: Simpson, Jeffrey D.
name: Stello, Dennis
name: Zucker, Daniel B.
name: Zwitter, Tomaz
name: Ciuca, Ioana
name: Horner, Jonathan
name: Kobayashi, Chiaki
name: Ting, Yuan-Sen
name: Wyse, Rosemary F. G.
name: Collaboration, The GALAH
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the advent of $Gaia$ astrometry, it is possible to identify massive accreted systems within the Galaxy through their unique dynamical signatures. One such system, $Gaia$-Sausage-Enceladus (GSE), appears to be an early "building block" given its virial mass $> 10^{10}\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$ at infall ($z\sim1-3$). In order to separate the progenitor population from the background stars, we investigate its chemical properties with up to 30 element abundances from the GALAH+ Survey Data Release 3 (DR3). To inform our choice of elements for purely chemically selecting accreted stars, we analyse 4164 stars with low-$α$ abundances and halo kinematics. These are most different to the Milky Way stars for abundances of Mg, Si, Na, Al, Mn, Fe, Ni, and Cu. Based on the significance of abundance differences and detection rates, we apply Gaussian mixture models to various element abundance combinations. We find the most populated and least contaminated component, which we confirm to represent GSE, contains 1049 stars selected via [Na/Fe] vs. [Mg/Mn] in GALAH+ DR3. We provide tables of our selections and report the chrono-chemodynamical properties (age, chemistry, and dynamics). Through a previously reported clean dynamical selection of GSE stars, including $30 < \sqrt{J_R~/~\mathrm{kpc\,km\,s^{-1}}} < 55$, we can characterise an unprecedented 24 abundances of this structure with GALAH+ DR3. Our chemical selection allows us to prevent circular reasoning and characterise the dynamical properties of the GSE, for example mean $\sqrt{J_R~/~\mathrm{kpc\,km\,s^{-1}}} = 26_{-14}^{+9}$. We find only $(29\pm1)\%$ of the GSE stars within the clean dynamical selection region. Our methodology will improve future studies of accreted structures and their importance for the formation of the Milky Way.
description: 29 pages, 18 figures, 6 tables; publicshed in MNRAS; all code to recreate results (based on public data described in arXiv:2011.02505) and figures available at https://github.com/svenbuder/Accreted-stars-in-GALAH-DR3
Privacy Impact Assessment: ChatGPT 4.0
Creators: name: Noah M. Kenney
name: Eduard Babulak
Publisher: name: Ethical AI Forum
Year: 2023

description: This Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA) analyzes ChatGPT version 4.0, which is, at time of writing, only offered to paid ChatGPT subscribers. ChatGPT 4.0 offers a range of features beyond what is available in ChatGPT 3.5, and opens the door to a multitude of additional privacy concerns as a result. With that understanding, many of the privacy concerns (specifically concerns revolving around text input) addressed in this document are applicable to version 3.5 as well. The Enterprise version of ChatGPT was not tested in this analysis.

The focus of this PIA is on privacy concerns of users within the United States, and any policy considerations addressed are based on U.S. policy. Again, many of the privacy concerns addressed are applicable to users in other countries. Additionally, this PIA provides a thorough analysis of ChatGPT under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the European Union’s comprehensive data privacy rights act, which has shaped the adoption of comprehensive data privacy rights acts outside of European countries.
Observability-Aware Trajectory Optimization: Theory, Viability, and State of the Art
Creators: name: Grebe, Christopher
name: Wise, Emmett
name: Kelly, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ideally, robots should move in ways that maximize the knowledge gained about the state of both their internal system and the external operating environment. Trajectory design is a challenging problem that has been investigated from a variety of perspectives, ranging from information-theoretic analyses to leaning-based approaches. Recently, observability-based metrics have been proposed to find trajectories that enable rapid and accurate state and parameter estimation. The viability and efficacy of these methods is not yet well understood in the literature. In this paper, we compare two state-of-the-art methods for observability-aware trajectory optimization and seek to add important theoretical clarifications and valuable discussion about their overall effectiveness. For evaluation, we examine the representative task of sensor-to-sensor extrinsic self-calibration using a realistic physics simulator. We also study the sensitivity of these algorithms to changes in the information content of the exteroceptive sensor measurements.
description: In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration (MFI'21), Karlsruhe, Germany, Sep. 23-25, 2021
A survey of the relationship of dietitians’ future intentions to participate and their past continuing education activity
Creators: name: Zibrik, Deborah A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The dietetics profession has been among the leaders in the professions in its commitment to the concept of life-long learning. This research was designed to investigate the intentions of dietitians to participate in continuing education. During the Spring of 1981 a questionnaire designed to investigate attitudes and expectations toward participation in continuing education was mailed to all members of the British Columbia Dietitians' and Nutritionists' Association (BCDNA). From the completed questionnaires three determinants of intentions to participate (i.e. attitudes (Ag), subjective social normative (SSN) beliefs, and subjective personal normative (SPN.) beliefs) and their relationships to past participation in continuing education were characterized. The subjective social normative (SSN) belief factor was the single best indicator of past participation in continuing education. Essentially this finding suggests that a stated commitment to continuing one's education was the single best indicator of past participation by this group of health professionals. When the two normative belief factors and the attitudinal variable were combined with selected socioeconomic variables in regression with past participation, a total of 7% of the variance in past participation could be accounted for. This represented a doubling of the amount of variation in past participation accounted for when the ten socioeconomic variables as a group, or the determinants of intentions as a group were analyzed by multiple regression. This research indicates that leaders of the professional association are influential in shaping the intentions of dietitians to engage in continuing education. The majority of respondents valued the opinions of others regarding participation in continuing education. Very few of the socioeconomic characteristics were related to past participation, and the attitudinal and normative belief factors offered a greater account for the variance in past participation than the socioeconomic variables. These findings are of interest to researchers investigating participation phenomena.
Spinless mesons and glueballs mixing patterns in SU(3) flavor limit
Creators: name: Fariborz, Amir H.
name: Lyukova, Mars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the interactions among scalar and pseudoscalar mesons and glueballs within the framework of the generalized linear sigma model in the SU(3) flavor limit. The basis of our approach is to develop a global understanding of light scalar and pseudoscalar mesons (up to around 2 GeV) and thereby explore the underlying mixings among composite quark matter fields and glueballs. The chiral sector of the Lagrangian is formulated in terms of two chiral nonets representing quark-antiquarks and tetraquarks (in the leading order, this sector contains terms with eight or fewer number of quak or antiquark lines). The Lagrangian also contains a sector that represents scalar and pseudoscalar glueballs and their interactions with the matter chiral fields, in a manner that the axial and trace anomalies of QCD are exactly realized. In this construct, the model has two scalar octets and two pdeudoscalar octets (each a linear combination of two- and four-quark components), as well as three scalar SU(3) singlets and three pseudoscalar SU(3) singlets (each a linear combination of two- and four-quark components as well as a glueball component). With the inputs of the experimental masses of $a_0(980)$, $a_0(1450)$, and the masses of $π(137)$, $π(1300)$ and their decay constants, we perform an extensive numerical simulation to determine the boundaries of the parameter space of the model. We further incorporate experimental data on the mass spectrum of eta states as well as on several decay widths and decay ratios of $f_0$ states to zoom in on the parameter space and make predictions for the substructure of pseudoscalar and scalar SU(3) octets and singlets as well as for the pseudoscalar and scalar glueball masses. We find the scalar and pseudoscalar glueball masses around 1.6 and 2.0 GeV, respectively.
description: 35 pages, 19 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1810.10624
Description and analysis of homemaker training programs in British Columbia community colleges
Creators: name: Ryan, Eileen Brigid
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this survey was to compare and contrast homemaker training programs in fifteen community colleges in British Columbia. Program aspects examined were the types of homemaker programs offered, sequences of the classroom, laboratory and field experiences, occupational competencies and objectives, prerequisites for entry of student homemakers and instructors' perceptions of a trained homemaker.. The data were collected between January 29, 1982 and February 22, 1982. The analysis of the data showed that of the thirteen colleges conducting homemaker programs, eleven offered full-time pre-employment day programs, seven offered part-time upgrading evening programs, with one of these colleges offering a combined pre-employment program, and six colleges offered full-time and part-time upgrading day programs. There were variations in the total program hours and in the hours spent by homemaker students in classroom, laboratory and field experiences. There was not consistency in the opinions of instructors about desired competencies or characteristics of trained homemakers and the process of student selection was not standardized. In addition to the discussions of these findings, suggested recommendations are included.
Additional file 1 of Investigation of an anthrax outbreak in Makoni District, Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Makurumidze, Richard
name: Notion Tafara Gombe
name: Tapuwa Magure
name: Mufuta Tshimanga
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Data collection tools: Investigation of an anthrax outbreak in Makoni District, Zimbabwe.
Effects of an oscillating field on magnetic domain patterns: Numerical and theoretical studies on the concentric-ring patterns surrounding a strong defect
Creators: name: Kudo, Kazue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oscillating fields can make domain patterns change into various types of structures. Numerical simulations show that concentric-ring domain patterns centered at a strong defect are observed under a rapidly oscillating field in some cases. The concentric-ring pattern appears near the threshold of spatially-uniform patterns in high-frequency cases. The threshold is theoretically estimated and the theoretical threshold is in good agreement with numerical one in a high-frequency region. The theoretical analysis gives also good estimations of several characteristics of domain patterns for high-frequencies.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
$Ab$ $initio$ derivation and exact-diagonalization analysis of low-energy effective Hamiltonians for $β^\prime$-X[Pd(dmit)$_2$]$_2$
Creators: name: Yoshimi, Kazuyoshi
name: Tsumuraya, Takao
name: Misawa, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The molecular solids $β^\prime$-$X$[Pd(dmit)$_2$]$_2$ (where $X$ represents a cation) are typical compounds whose electronic structures are described by single-orbital Hubbard-type Hamiltonians with geometrical frustration. Using the $ab$ $initio$ downfolding method, we derive the low-energy effective Hamiltonians for $β^\prime$-$X$[Pd(dmit)$_2$]$_2$ with available room- and low-temperature structures. We find that the amplitudes of the Coulomb interactions and the anisotropy of the hopping parameters in the effective Hamiltonians are sensitive to the changes in the lattice constants induced by lowering the temperature. The obtained effective Hamiltonians are analyzed using the exact diagonalization method with the boundary-condition average. We find that a significant reduction of the antiferromagnetic ordered moment occurs in the effective Hamiltonian of $β^\prime$-EtMe$_3$Sb[Pd(dmit)$_2$]$_2$ with the low-temperature structure. The reduction is consistent with the quantum spin liquid behavior observed in experiments. The comprehensive derivations of the effective Hamiltonians and exact-diagonalization analyses of them will clarify the microscopic origins of the exotic quantum states of matter found in $β^\prime$-$X$[Pd(dmit)$_2$]$_2$ such as the quantum spin liquid behavior.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Rigid Limit in N=2 Supergravity and Weak-Gravity Conjecture
Creators: name: Eguchi, Tohru
name: Tachikawa, Yuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the coupled N=2 supergravity and Yang-Mills system using holomorphy, near the rigid limit where the former decouples from the latter. We find that there appears generically a new mass scale around g M_{pl} where g is the gauge coupling constant and M_{pl} is the Planck scale. This is in accord with the weak-gravity conjecture proposed recently. We also study the scale dependence of the gauge theory prepotential from its embedding into supergravity.
description: 17 pages, minor corrections
Additional file 1 of Epicardial adipose tissue volume and coronary calcification among people living with diabetes: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Cosson, Emmanuel
name: Nguyen, Minh Tuan
name: Imen Rezgani
name: Sopio Tatulashvili
name: Meriem Sal
name: Narimane Berkane
name: Allard, Lucie
name: Pierre-Yves Brillet
name: Bihan, Hélène
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Epicardial adipose tissue volume according to cardio-vascular risk factors. Table S2. Epicardial adipose tissue volume according to diabetes-related complications. Table S3. Epicardial adipose tissue volume according to treatment.
Comment on `Do electromagnetic waves always propagate along null geodesics?'
Creators: name: Linnemann, Niels
name: Read, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the propagation of Maxwellian electromagnetic waves in curved spacetimes in terms of the appropriate geometrical optics limit, notions of signal speed, and minimal coupling prescription from Maxwellian theory in flat spacetime. In the course of this, we counter a recent major claim by Asenjo and Hojman (2017) to the effect that the geometrical optics limit is partly ill-defined in Gödel spacetime; we thereby dissolve the present tension concerning established results on wave propagation and the optical limit.
description: Forthcoming in Classical and Quantum Gravity. Title different but otherwise unaltered from previous version
On-demand generation of entanglement of atomic qubits via optical interferometry
Creators: name: Huang, Y. P.
name: Moore, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of on-demand generation of entanglement between single-atom qubits via a common photonic channel is examined within the framework of optical interferometry. As expected, for a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with coherent laser beam as input, a high-finesse optical cavity is required to overcome sensitivity to spontaneous emission. We show, however, that with a twin-Fock input, useful entanglement can in principle be created without cavity-enhancement. Both approaches require single-photon resolving detectors, and best results would be obtained by combining both cavity-feedback and twin-Fock inputs. Such an approach may allow a fidelity of $.99$ using a two-photon input and currently available mirror and detector technology. In addition, we study interferometers based on NOON states and show that they perform similarly to the twin-Fock states, yet without the need for high-precision photo-detectors. The present interferometrical approach can serve as a universal, scalable circuit element for quantum information processing, from which fast quantum gates, deterministic teleportation, entanglement swapping $etc.$, can be realized with the aid of single-qubit operations.
description: To be published in PRA
‘Tradizione’, fra memoria e oblio A dialogo con la Lettura corale di Incursioni. Arte contemporanea e tradizione (“Engramma” n. 180)
Creators: name: Settis, Salvatore
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2021
Subjects: Salvatore Settis
Incursioni
Contemporary art
Classical tradition

description: The essay presents the response by Salvatore Settis to the Choral reading about his recent book Incursioni. Contemporary art and tradition (Feltrinelli 2020). In “Engramma” no. 180 Monica Centanni and Giuseppe Pucci invited archaeologists, art historians, philologists, anthropologists and philosophers to compose a choral reading of Incursioni. The book intercrosses the boundaries of the history of art, contemporary and beyond, of philology and antiquity, of philology and of the history of the classical tradition, of philology and anthropology. Here Salvatore Settis answers focusing on some key points: time, tradition, themes, artistry, museum, innovations.
Reverberation in tidal disruption events: dust echoes, coronal emission lines, multi-wavelength cross-correlations, and QPOs
Creators: name: van Velzen, Sjoert
name: Pasham, Dheeraj R.
name: Komossa, Stefanie
name: Yan, Lin
name: Kara, Erin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar tidal disruption events (TDEs) are typically discovered by transient emission due to accretion or shocks of the stellar debris. Yet this luminous flare can be reprocessed by gas or dust that inhabits a galactic nucleus, resulting in multiple reverberation signals. Nuclear dust heated by the TDE will lead to an echo at infrared wavelengths (1-10 $μ$m) and transient coronal lines in optical spectra of TDEs trace reverberation by gas that orbits the black hole. Both of these signal have been detected, here we review this rapidly developing field. We also review the results that have been extracted from TDEs with high-quality X-ray light curves: quasi periodic oscillations (QPOs), reverberation lags of fluorescence lines, and cross-correlations with emission at other wavelengths. The observational techniques that are covered in this review probe the emission from TDEs over a wide range of scales: from light years to the innermost parts of the newly formed accretion disk. They provide insights into important properties of TDEs such as their bolometric output and the geometry of the accretion flow. While reverberation signals are not detected for every TDE, we anticipate they will become more commonplace when the next generation of X-ray and infrared instruments become operational.
description: Accepted to Springer Space Science Reviews. Chapter in ISSI review "The Tidal Disruption of Stars by Massive Black Holes" vol. 79
Additional file 1 of Managing pain in HIV/AIDS: a therapeutic relationship is as effective as an exercise and education intervention for rural amaXhosa women in South Africa
Creators: name: Jackson, Kirsty
name: Wadley, Antonia L.
name: Parker, Romy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1.
Line emission from optically thick relativistic accretion tori
Creators: name: Fuerst, Steven V.
name: Wu, Kinwah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate line emission from relativistic accretion tori around Kerr black holes and investigate how the line profiles depend on the viewing inclination, spin of the central black hole, parameters describing the shape of the tori, and spatial distribution of line emissivity on the torus surface. We also compare the lines with those from thin accretion disks. Our calculations show that lines from tori and lines from thin disks share several common features. In particular, at low and moderate viewing inclination angles they both have asymmetric double-peaked profiles with a tall, sharp blue peak and a shorter red peak which has an extensive red wing. At high viewing inclination angles they both have very broad, asymmetric lines which can be roughly considered single-peaked. Torus and disk lines may show very different red and blue line wings, but the differences are due to the models for relativistic tori and disks having differing inner boundary radii. Self-eclipse and lensing play some role in shaping the torus lines, but they are effective only at high inclination angles. If inner and outer radii of an accretion torus are the same as those of an accretion disk, their line profiles show substantial differences only when inclination angles are close to 90 degrees, and those differences manifest mostly at the central regions of the lines instead of the wings.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures. Accepted to A&A
Network Motifs in Object-Oriented Software Systems
Creators: name: Ma, Yutao
name: He, Keqing
name: Liu, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.8; K.6.3

description: Nowadays, software has become a complex piece of work that may be beyond our control. Understanding how software evolves over time plays an important role in controlling software development processes. Recently, a few researchers found the quantitative evidence of structural duplication in software systems or web applications, which is similar to the evolutionary trend found in biological systems. To investigate the principles or rules of software evolution, we introduce the relevant theories and methods of complex networks into structural evolution and change of software systems. According to the results of our experiment on network motifs, we find that the stability of a motif shows positive correlation with its abundance and a motif with high Z score tends to have stable structure. These findings imply that the evolution of software systems is based on functional cloning as well as structural duplication and tends to be structurally stable. So, the work presented in this paper will be useful for the analysis of structural changes of software systems in reverse engineering.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, the revised version has been published by DCDIS-B special issue on software engineering and complex networks
Observation of a 2D Bose-gas: from thermal to quasi-condensate to superfluid
Creators: name: Cladé, P.
name: Ryu, C.
name: Ramanathan, A.
name: Helmerson, K.
name: Phillips, W. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present experimental results on a Bose gas in a quasi-2D geometry near the Berezinskii, Kosterlitz and Thouless (BKT) transition temperature. By measuring the density profile, \textit{in situ} and after time of flight, and the coherence length, we identify different states of the gas. In particular, we observe that the gas develops a bimodal distribution without long range order. In this state, the gas presents a longer coherence length than the thermal cloud; it is quasi-condensed but is not superfluid. Experimental evidence indicates that we observe the superfluid transition (BKT transition).
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Brightness Perceiving for Recursive Low-Light Image Enhancement
Creators: name: Wang, Haodian
name: Peng, Long
name: Sun, Yuejin
name: Wan, Zengyu
name: Wang, Yang
name: Cao, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Due to the wide dynamic range in real low-light scenes, there will be large differences in the degree of contrast degradation and detail blurring of captured images, making it difficult for existing end-to-end methods to enhance low-light images to normal exposure. To address the above issue, we decompose low-light image enhancement into a recursive enhancement task and propose a brightness-perceiving-based recursive enhancement framework for high dynamic range low-light image enhancement. Specifically, our recursive enhancement framework consists of two parallel sub-networks: Adaptive Contrast and Texture enhancement network (ACT-Net) and Brightness Perception network (BP-Net). The ACT-Net is proposed to adaptively enhance image contrast and details under the guidance of the brightness adjustment branch and gradient adjustment branch, which are proposed to perceive the degradation degree of contrast and details in low-light images. To adaptively enhance images captured under different brightness levels, BP-Net is proposed to control the recursive enhancement times of ACT-Net by exploring the image brightness distribution properties. Finally, in order to coordinate ACT-Net and BP-Net, we design a novel unsupervised training strategy to facilitate the training procedure. To further validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we construct a new dataset with a broader brightness distribution by mixing three low-light datasets. Compared with eleven existing representative methods, the proposed method achieves new SOTA performance on six reference and no reference metrics. Specifically, the proposed method improves the PSNR by 0.9 dB compared to the existing SOTA method.
Novel Master Formula for Twist-3 Soft-Gluon-Pole Mechanism to Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry
Creators: name: Koike, Yuji
name: Tanaka, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that twist-3 soft-gluon-pole (SGP) cross section for single spin asymmetries is determined by a certain ``primordial'' twist-2 cross section up to kinematic and color factors in the leading order perturbative QCD. This unveils universal structure behind the SGP cross sections in a variety of hard processes, and also the special role of the scale invariance in the corresponding primordial cross section, which leads to remarkable simplification of the SGP cross sections for the production of massless particle, such as those for pion production p^\uparrow p \to πX and direct-photon production p^\uparrow p \to γX.
description: 4 pages, 4 eps figures. To appear in the proceedings of 15th International Workshop on Deep-Inelastic Scattering and Related Subjects (DIS2007), Munich, Germany, 16-20 Apr 2007
High frequency EPR on dilute solutions of the single molecule magnet Ni$_4$
Creators: name: de Loubens, G.
name: Kent, A. D.
name: Krymov, V.
name: Gerfen, G. J .
name: Beedle, C. C.
name: Hendrickson, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dilute frozen solutions of the single molecule magnet Ni$_4$ (S=4) have been studied using high frequency D-band (130 GHz) EPR. Despite the random orientation of the molecules, well defined EPR absorption peaks are observed, due to the strong variation of the splittings between the different spin-states on magnetic field. Temperature dependent studies above 4 K and comparison with simulations enable identification of the spin transitions and determination of the Hamiltonian parameters. The latter are found to be close to those of Ni$_4$ single crystals. No echo was detected from Ni$_4$ in pulsed experiments, which sets an upper bound of about 50 ns on the spin coherence time.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Applied Physics (52nd MMM conference proceedings)
Help-giving sources preferred by Chinese international students
Creators: name: Friesen, Heather Jean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Forty-six undergraduate and graduate Chinese international students were asked to rank 14 help-givers as to their perceived potential for help given two problem types, a hypothetical emotional and educational-vocational problem. The data was treated as a 2 x 14 (sex subgrouping x help-giving source) fixed effects fully crossed design using analysis of variance for the two factors with repeated measures on the second factor. Cross-tabulations indicated no Sex effect in the rankings of help-givers. A significant Problem Type effect, however, differentiated the rankings given help-givers at the 0.01 level. Cross-tabulations of respondent order with help-giving source also indicated a significant Follow-up effect at the 0.05 level which was non-significant when sex was included as a subgrouping factor. For male and female subjects, the Chinese International Student was the preferred source of assistance for the emotional problem with Faculty Advisor being preferred for the educational-vocational problem. Secondary sources of assistance for the emotional problem were Parents and Non-Student Friend for the males and Relative and Non-student Friend for the females. Secondary sources of assistance for the educational-vocational problem were Parents, Chinese International Student- and Faculty Member for the males and Relative and Faculty Member-, for the females. Psychiatrist, Community Leader and International House Staff Member were given distinctly low preferences across problem types. Help-givers with religious affiliation, i.e., minister or priest, predominated as a source of assistance not included in the list of help-givers provided. The rankings given help-givers across problem types was consistent with the results of previous studies investigating the help-giving preferences of international students.
Long time Anderson localization for nonlinear random Schroedinger equation
Creators: name: Wang, W. -M.
name: Zhang, Zhifei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35xx

description: We prove long time Anderson localization for nonlinear random Schroedinger equation in $\ell^2$ by making a Birkoff normal form type transform to creat an energy barrier where there is essentially no mode propagation. One of the new features is that this transform is in a small neighborhood enabling us to treat "rough" data, where there are no moment conditions. The formulation of the present result is inspired by the RAGE theorem.
Enhancing the Communicative Skills of Normal and Mentally-Challenged Learners through Emo-Sensory Textbooks
Creators: name: Ebrahimi, Shima
name: Tabatabaeian, Maryamsadat
name: Al Abdwani, Taqi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390411
subject: Special education and disability

description: Struggling with basic restrictions in mental operations, information processing, and social and communicative skills, mentally-challenged children learn with delay. Numerous methods have been proposed to enhance learning among the mentally challenged. One is emo-sensory education which highlights the interplay of senses and emotions and raises teachers’ awareness of practical sense and emotion utilization in class. This study analyzed emo-sensory text on Persian literature, basic sciences, and theology books of mentally-challenged fourth-graders in terms of senses and emotions. These books were compared to those utilized for normal fourth graders. The emo-sensory text analysis revealed no significant differences between these two sets of books regarding applying emo-sensory words. Material developers merely paid attention to the visual sense, while mentally-challenged and normal children are considerably different. Various senses have to be integrated into the textbooks to enhance learning and communicative skills, which seems to have been overlooked. As a result, authors should include more emo-sensory stimuli to boost information processing and benefit the mentally challenged.
Argon Abundances in the Solar Neighborhood: Non-LTE Analysis of Orion Association B-type Stars
Creators: name: Lanz, Thierry
name: Cunha, Katia
name: Holtzman, Jon
name: Hubeny, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Argon abundances have been derived for a sample of B main-sequence stars in the Orion association. The abundance calculations are based on NLTE metal line-blanketed model atmospheres calculated with the NLTE code TLUSTY and an updated and complete argon model atom. We derive an average argon abundance for this young population of A(Ar) = 6.66 +- 0.06. While our result is in excellent agreement with a recent analysis of the Orion nebula, it is significantly higher than the currently recommended solar value which is based on abundance measurements in the solar corona. Moreover, the derived argon abundances in the Orion B stars agree very well with a measurement from a solar impulsive flare during which unmodified solar photospheric material was brought to flare conditions. We therefore argue that the argon abundances obtained independently for both the Orion B stars and the Orion nebula are representative of the disk abundance value in the solar neighborhood. The lower coronal abundance may reflect a depletion related to the FIP effect. We propose a new reference value for the abundance of argon in the solar neighborhood, A(Ar) = 6.63 +- 0.10, corresponding to Ar/O = 0.009.
description: to appear in Astrophysical Journal, 24 pages, 3 figures; minor corrections after referee's report
Generic short-range interactions in two-leg ladders
Creators: name: Bunder, J. E.
name: Lin, Hsiu-Hau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a Hamiltonian for a two-leg ladder which includes an arbitrary number of charge and spin interactions. To illustrate this Hamiltonian we consider two examples and use a renormalization group technique to evaluate the ground state phases. The first example is a two-leg ladder with zigzagged legs. We find that increasing the number of interactions in such a two-leg ladder may result in a richer phase diagram, particularly at half-filling where a few exotic phases are possible when the number of interactions are large and the angle of the zigzag is small. In the second example we determine under which conditions a two-leg ladder at quarter-filling is able to support a Tomanaga-Luttinger liquid phase. We show that this is only possible when the spin interactions across the rungs are ferromagnetic. In both examples we focus on lithium purple bronze, a two-leg ladder with zigzagged legs which is though to support a Tomanaga-Luttinger liquid phase.
Towards applied theories based on computability logic
Creators: name: Japaridze, Giorgi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.1.1; F.1.2

description: Computability logic (CL) (see http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~giorgi/cl.html) is a recently launched program for redeveloping logic as a formal theory of computability, as opposed to the formal theory of truth that logic has more traditionally been. Formulas in it represent computational problems, "truth" means existence of an algorithmic solution, and proofs encode such solutions. Within the line of research devoted to finding axiomatizations for ever more expressive fragments of CL, the present paper introduces a new deductive system CL12 and proves its soundness and completeness with respect to the semantics of CL. Conservatively extending classical predicate calculus and offering considerable additional expressive and deductive power, CL12 presents a reasonable, computationally meaningful, constructive alternative to classical logic as a basis for applied theories. To obtain a model example of such theories, this paper rebuilds the traditional, classical-logic-based Peano arithmetic into a computability-logic-based counterpart. Among the purposes of the present contribution is to provide a starting point for what, as the author wishes to hope, might become a new line of research with a potential of interesting findings -- an exploration of the presumably quite unusual metatheory of CL-based arithmetic and other CL-based applied systems.
description: To appear in 2010 in the Journal of Symbolic Logic
Spin-Triplet Superconductivity in K2Cr3As3
Creators: name: Yang, J.
name: Luo, J.
name: Yi, C. J.
name: Shi, Y. G.
name: Zhou, Y.
name: Zheng, Guo-qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A spin-triplet superconductor can harbor Majorana bound states that can be used in topological quantum computing. Recently, K2Cr3As3 and its variants with critical temperature Tc as high as 8 K have emerged as a new class of superconductors with ferromagnetic spin fluctuations. Here we report a discovery in K2Cr3As3 single crystal that, the spin susceptibility measured by 75As Knight shift below Tc is unchanged with the magnetic field H0 applied in the ab plane, but vanishes toward zero temperature when H0 is along the c axis, which unambiguously establishes this compound as a spin-triplet superconductor described by a vector order-parameter d parallel to the c axis. Combining with points-nodal gap we show that K2Cr3As3 is a new platform for the study of topological superconductivity and its possible technical application.
Structural properties and optical response of Na clusters in Ne, Ar, and Kr matrices
Creators: name: Fehrer, F.
name: Dinh, P. M.
name: Reinhard, P. -G.
name: Suraud, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the structural properties and optical response of a small Na cluster inside rare gas (RG) matrices of Ne, Ar, or Kr atoms. The mixed systems are described with a hierarchical model, treating the cluster at a quantum mechanical level and the matrix atoms classically in terms of their positions and polarizations. We pay special attention to the differences caused by the different matrix types. These differences can be explained by the interplay of core repulsion and dipole attraction in the interaction between the cluster electrons and the RG atoms.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 1 table accepted in Phys. Rev. B