cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Global 3-D Simulations of Magnetospheric Accretion: II. Hot Spots, Equilibrium Torque, Episodic Wind, and Midplane Outflow
Creators: name: Zhu, Zhaohuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Global 3-D magnetohydrodynamical simulations have been conducted to study magnetospheric accretion around stars with various spin rates. For slow rotators, characterized by a fastness parameter $ω_s\lesssim 0.78$, the disk's inner edge at the magnetospheric truncation radius becomes unstable to the interchange instability, leading to intruding filaments which produce hot spots closer to the stellar equator. Depending on spin rate, slow rotators can be in ``chaotic'' or ``ordered'' unstable regimes. For fast rotators, the interchange instability is suppressed by the super-Keplerian rotation beyond the corotation radius, and hot spots are generated only through polar accretion. Low- and mid-energy flux hot spots cover $\lesssim20\%$ and $\lesssim3\%$ of the surface, with faster rotators tending to produce hotter spots. Beyond the truncation radius, angular momentum transfers from the disk surface to the midplane, resulting in surface accretion and midplane outflow. The midplane outflow may transport thermally processed materials (e.g. those in chondrites) to the outer disk. Field inflation generates episodic winds with mass-loss rates $\sim 1\%-40\%$ of the accretion rate, depending on stellar spin. Frequent magnetic reconnections lead to efficient star-disk coupling. We derive the torque exerted by the disk on the star as a function of stellar spin. For fast rotators/propellers, both spin-down torque and disk wind rate increase dramatically with stellar spin. The equilibrium spin state occurs at $ω_s\sim0.7$, with wind/jet speeds ($\sim$500 km/s) and mass loss rates ($\sim10\%$ accretion rate) aligning with observations. Most results are insensitive to disk thickness. Finally, we present testable predictions for how observables vary with stellar spin.
description: 32 pages, 23 figures, resubmitted after the first round of referee comments
Laguna de la Ciudad: construcción de paisajes culturales en el norte de Esmeraldas
Creators: name: Valdez, Francisco
name: Hurtado, Julio
name: Yépez, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: La costa de la provincia de Esmeraldas está dominada por un ecosistema de manglar/bosque tropical húmedo, que aparentemente no es propicio para grandes concentraciones de población. Sin embargo, la zona norte fue antaño el emplazamiento de una formación social compleja hoy denominada La Tolita-Tumaco. La adaptación humana a entornos tropicales, con humedales, se refleja en la organización/utilización del espacio y en el desarrollo de sistemas productivos con técnicas especializadas.Uno de estos sistemas, la agricultura sobre campos elevados, o camellones, ha sido evidenciado en un área conocida como laLaguna de la Ciudad. Ubicada en la punta del delta del río Santiago, su evolución ha podido ser estudiada desde el primer milenioantes de la Era Común (a.C.). Este artículo describe la evidencia arqueológica relacionada con su implantación, apogeo y abandono a lo largo de 3000 años. Junto al estudio del funcionamiento del sistema agrícola, en esta parte de Esmeraldas, varias cuestiones científicas ocupan un lugar central: el origen del poblamiento de la región, la utilización del espacio y el desarrollo de las redes comerciales, las interacciones a corta y larga distancia, la aparición y decadencia de sistemas socioculturales complejos, la evolución tecnológica de la metalurgia y el simbolismo de los grandes estilos artísticos.
Understanding the origin of meteoritic magnetism: implications for protoplanetary disk accretion
Creators: name: Shah, Jay
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Chondritic meteorites largely formed 4.6 billion years ago, and can range from being metamorphosed as a result of processing on their asteroid parent bodies to entirely unaltered since their formation in the protoplanetary disk. The magnetic grains within these meteorites can potentially record and retain the magnetic conditions on the parent body and the conditions in the protoplanetary disk during the formation of our planetary system. However, the complex history of these meteorites can make their magnetic records difficult to interpret, and their age prompts the question of whether a magnetic remanence can be retained for so long. In this thesis, to help identify the origin of the magnetic remanence, a new method for the palaeomagnetic conglomerate test that uses micro-CT scans to accurately mutually orient chondrules from chondrites was developed. When applied to Vigarano (CV3) and Bjurböle (L/LL4), a more in-depth understanding of parent body processing was achieved that provides evidence for magnetic dynamo activity on their parent bodies. To understand the magnetic record of CK chondrites, a palaeomagnetic analysis of Karoonda (CK4) was conducted, and found no evidence of a significant magnetic field recording, supporting the solar radiative heating model for the CV-CK chondrites. To determine whether magnetic remanence can be retained from the early Solar System, the high thermal stability of single and multi-vortex kamacite grains from Bishunpur (LL3.1) was demonstrated by performing in-situ temperature-dependent nanometric magnetic measurements using electron holography and numerical micromagnetic energy barrier calculations. This study found that the majority of kamacite grains in dusty olivines are capable of retaining magnetic field information from the early Solar System, a key finding in our quest to understand the formation of our Solar System.
MEKSIDOL SUBSTANSIYASI VA TABLETKA MASSASINING FARMAKOTEXNOLOGIK XOSSALARI
Creators: name: Quvondiqova, F. Sh.
name: Tadjieva, A.D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maqolada ilk bor bosh miyada qon aylanishini buzilishi natijasida kelib chiqadigan kasalliklarda qo‘llash uchun tavsiya etilayotgan meksidol asosidagi tabletka texnologiyasi bo‘yicha olib borilgan ilmiy tadqiqot natijalari keltirildi. Dori vositasi tarkibiga kiruvchi asosiy va yordamchi moddalarni texnologik xossalarini aniqlash usullari  va olingan natijalar haqidagi ma’lumotlarni berish.
Laguna de la Ciudad: construcción de paisajes culturales en el norte de Esmeraldas
Creators: name: Valdez, Francisco
name: Hurtado, Julio
name: Yépez, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: La costa de la provincia de Esmeraldas está dominada por un ecosistema de manglar/bosque tropical húmedo, que aparentemente no es propicio para grandes concentraciones de población. Sin embargo, la zona norte fue antaño el emplazamiento de una formación social compleja hoy denominada La Tolita-Tumaco. La adaptación humana a entornos tropicales, con humedales, se refleja en la organización/utilización del espacio y en el desarrollo de sistemas productivos con técnicas especializadas.Uno de estos sistemas, la agricultura sobre campos elevados, o camellones, ha sido evidenciado en un área conocida como laLaguna de la Ciudad. Ubicada en la punta del delta del río Santiago, su evolución ha podido ser estudiada desde el primer milenioantes de la Era Común (a.C.). Este artículo describe la evidencia arqueológica relacionada con su implantación, apogeo y abandono a lo largo de 3000 años. Junto al estudio del funcionamiento del sistema agrícola, en esta parte de Esmeraldas, varias cuestiones científicas ocupan un lugar central: el origen del poblamiento de la región, la utilización del espacio y el desarrollo de las redes comerciales, las interacciones a corta y larga distancia, la aparición y decadencia de sistemas socioculturales complejos, la evolución tecnológica de la metalurgia y el simbolismo de los grandes estilos artísticos.
Rynchops fulva Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Charadriiformes
Laridae
Rynchops
Rynchops fulva

description: Rynchops fulva [spec. nov.]
R. fulva, rostro nigro. �
Ryngchopsalia fulva, rostro nigro. Barr. av. 20.
Habitat in America.
Genus proxima affinitate Laris junctum.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 138, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Improved bounds on collapse models from rotational noise of LISA Pathfinder
Creators: name: Altamura, Davide Giordano Ario
name: Vinante, Andrea
name: Carlesso, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous wavefunction collapse models offer a solution to the quantum measurement problem, by modifying the Schrödinger equation with nonlinear and stochastic terms. The Continuous Spontaneous Localisation (CSL) model is the most studied among these models, with phenomenological parameters that are constrained by experiments. Here, we exploit the recent analysis of LISA Pathfinder's angular motion data to derive a tighter constraint than previously achieved with translational motion. Moreover, we identify the general conditions for preferring rotational measurement over translational ones for constraining the CSL model.
Characteristics of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer at Different Scales
Creators: name: FRANCISCO ANDRES LANG TASSO
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric Sciences
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 40107 Meteorology

description: The behaviour of the atmospheric boundary layer at different scales is described with an emphasis on the largest contributions to the total turbulence kinetic energy. First, large sudden wind-direction shifts and submesoscale motions under very stable atmospheric conditions over land are examined. Second, we explore changes in the thermodynamic structure of the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer (MABL) over the Southern Ocean (SO) in relation to the synoptic meteorology. In the last part of this research, shipborne observations have been used to evaluate the WRF model, in simulating the MABL under cold front passages over the SO.
"Big Three Dragons": a z = 7.15 Lyman BreakGalaxy Detected in [OIII] 88 $μ$m, [CII] 158 $μ$m, and Dust Continuum with ALMA
Creators: name: Hashimoto, Takuya
name: Inoue, Akio K.
name: Mawatari, Ken
name: Tamura, Yoichi
name: Matsuo, Hiroshi
name: Furusawa, Hisanori
name: Harikane, Yuichi
name: Shibuya, Takatoshi
name: Knudsen, Kirsten K.
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Zackrisson, Erik
name: Okamoto, Takashi
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Oesch, Pascal A.
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Ota, Kazuaki
name: Shimizu, Ikkoh
name: Taniguchi, Yoshiaki
name: Umehata, Hideki
name: Watson, Darach
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new ALMA observations and physical properties of a Lyman Break Galaxy at z=7.15. Our target, B14-65666, has a bright ultra-violet (UV) absolute magnitude, $M_{\rm UV}\approx-22.4$, and has been spectroscopically identified in Ly$α$ with a small rest-frame equivalent width of $\approx4$ Å. Previous HST image has shown that the target is comprised of two spatially separated clumps in the rest-frame UV. With ALMA, we have newly detected spatially resolved [OIII] 88 $μ$m, [CII] 158 $μ$m, and their underlying dust continuum emission. In the whole system of B14-65666, the [OIII] and [CII] lines have consistent redshifts of $7.1520\pm0.0003$, and the [OIII] luminosity, $(34.4\pm4.1)\times10^{8}L_{\rm \odot}$, is about three times higher than the [CII] luminosity, $(11.0\pm1.4)\times10^{8}L_{\rm \odot}$. With our two continuum flux densities, the dust temperature is constrained to be $T_{\rm d}\approx50-60$ K under the assumption of the dust emissivity index of $β_{\rm d}=2.0-1.5$, leading to a large total infrared luminosity of $L_{\rm TIR}\approx1\times10^{12}L_{\rm \odot}$. Owing to our high spatial resolution data, we show that the [OIII] and [CII] emission can be spatially decomposed into two clumps associated with the two rest-frame UV clumps whose spectra are kinematically separated by $\approx200$ km s$^{-1}$. We also find these two clumps have comparable UV, infrared, [OIII], and [CII] luminosities. Based on these results, we argue that B14-65666 is a starburst galaxy induced by a major-merger. The merger interpretation is also supported by the large specific star-formation rate (defined as the star-formation rate per unit stellar mass), sSFR$=260^{+119}_{-57}$ Gyr$^{-1}$, inferred from our SED fitting. Probably, a strong UV radiation field caused by intense star formation contributes to its high dust temperature and the [OIII]-to-[CII] luminosity ratio.
description: 24 pages, 13 figures, 9 tables. Accepted for publication in PASJ. In addition to the dust continuum detection in ALMA Band 6 reported in the original manuscript, we newly report the dust continuum detection in ALMA Band 8 based on our new ALMA Cycle 5 observations
Exotic gauge theories of spin-2 fields
Creators: name: Ondo, Nicholas Andrew
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: There has been a resurgence of interest in theories of massive spin-2 fields, owing to the recent discovery of ghost-free self-interactions. In addition to reviewing the historical and recent progress in this subject, I discuss my contributions, including the derivation of the complete decoupling limit of dRGT ghost-free massive gravity, proving no-go theorems on ghost-free interactions for charged spin-2 fields, updating the method of Dimensional Deconstruction for fermions to obtain massive supersymmetric gauge theories, and my progress towards supergravity theories with non-zero graviton mass.
Halo evolution in a cosmological environment
Creators: name: Gottloeber, S.
name: Klypin, A. A.
name: Kravtsov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation and evolution of the dark matter halos in a LCDM model. The dynamics of 16.8 million DM particles is followed numerically in a box of 60 Mpc/h with the dynamic range of 32,000 in spatial resolution. The high resolution of the simulation allows us to examine evolution of both isolated and satellite halos in a representative volume. We present results on the evolution of velocity function of DM halos, compare it with the Press-Schechter function and discuss the evolution of power spectrum of matter and halo distributions. The mass evolution of isolated virialized objects determined from the simulation is in good agreement with predictions of the extended Press-Schechter models. However, satellite halos evolve very different: for some of them the mass decreases with time, which happens if the halos fall into clusters or groups. We discuss the dependence of the correlation function of halo populations on their environment and merging history.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, Contribution to the proceedings of the workshop "Observational Cosmology: The Development of Galaxy Systems" Sesto Pusteria, June 30 - July 3, 1998, ASP conference series
Novel methods of detection and treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis
Creators: name: Pabary, Rishi
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Although advances in the management of cystic fibrosis (CF) have led to a significant extension of life expectancy, the disease remains life-limiting. Successive pulmonary infections are the primary cause of morbidity, leading eventually to respiratory failure. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) is the dominant respiratory pathogen but difficulties in detection and increasing failure of conventional treatments to combat established infection mean that an urgent need exists for non-invasive techniques that screen for Pa, particularly in non-expectorating patients, and for novel antimicrobial therapies. The first part of this thesis aimed to determine whether markers in exhaled breath, measured using selected ion-flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS), could distinguish between CF patients with and without chronic Pa infection. In what is the largest study to date of well-phenotyped CF patients, I demonstrated that a fingerprint that differentiates according to Pa status does appear to be present in exhaled breath, although the technique is not sufficiently sensitive at present to be used on an individual patient basis. The second part of this thesis studies the potential of using bacteriophage in the treatment of Pa infection. I have shown that novel bacteriophage cocktails are efficacious in vitro against laboratory and clinical Pa strains isolated from CF patients. In a murine model of acute infection, I demonstrate that bacteriophage not only hasten clearance of Pa from the lung but also diminish the associated inflammatory response under certain conditions. Efficacy was demonstrated when bacteriophage was given prophylactically and after established infection, indicating potential utility in a clinical scenario. That bacteriophage remain viable following nebulisation, the preferred route of administration for future human trials, was also ascertained. Whilst the results are promising, with potential to improve patient outcomes, both strands of work only demonstrate proof-of-concept for the studied strategies. A significant amount of additional work, some already underway, is necessary before either approach can be used in a clinical setting.
Convergence and Error Analysis of FE-HMM/FE$^2$ for Energetically Consistent Micro-Coupling Conditions in Linear Elastic Solids
Creators: name: Fischer, Andreas
name: Eidel, Bernhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N30, 74G15, 74G65, 74Q05, 74Q15

description: A cornerstone of numerical homogenization is the equivalence of the microscopic and the macroscopic energy densities, which is referred to as Hill-Mandel condition. Among these coupling conditions, the cases of periodic, linear displacement and constant traction conditions are most prominent in engineering applications. While the stiffness hierarchy of these coupling conditions is a theoretically established and numerically verified result, very little is known about the numerical errors and convergence properties for each of them in various norms. The present work addresses these aspects both on the macroscale and the microscale for linear as well as quadratic finite element shape functions. The analysis addresses aspects of (i) regularity and how its loss affects the convergence behavior on both scales compared with the a priori estimates, of (ii) error propagation from micro to macro and of (iii) optimal micro-macro mesh refinement strategy. For constant traction conditions two different approaches are compared. The performance of a recovery-type error estimation based on superconvergence is assessed. All results of the present work are valid for both the Finite Element Heterogeneous Multiscale Method FE-HMM and for FE$^2$.
Grallae Linnaeus, 1758, ord. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Grallae

description: Grallae [ord. nov.]
IV. GRALLAE.
Rostrum subcylindricum, obtusiusculum.
Lingua integra, carnosa.
Femora supra genua denudata.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 139, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Detection of a Lyman-alpha Emission-Line Companion to the z=4.69 QSO BR1202-0725
Creators: name: Hu, Esther M.
name: McMahon, Richard G.
name: Egami, Eiichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of a nearby emission-line companion to the z=4.695 quasar BR1202-0725. Deep narrow-band exposures on this field from the UH 2.2 m show a Ly alpha flux of 1.5\times\ten{-16} ergs cm^{-2} s^{-1}. High-resolution HST WFC2 imaging in the F814W filter band shows continuum structure near the emission position, at 2.6" NW of the quasar, corresponding to a projected separation of ~7.5 h^{-1} kpc for \qnought=0.5, where h=\hnought/100\kms Mpc^{-1}. We discuss possible explanations for the combined line and color properties. The ionization is most likely produced by the quasar, but if due to underlying star formation would require a star formation rate of ~7 h^2 solar masses per yr.
description: 12 pages LaTeX (aastex4.0 macros: aasms4.sty, flushrt.sty) plus 3 figures. To appear in the Astrophysical Journal Letters. Typo in original submission ("2" should have been "7" in luminosity: 7e42 h^{-2} ergs and in the star formation rate: 7 h^{-2} \msun per yr). Resubmitted with figures
What have we already learned from the CMB?
Creators: name: Lawrence, Charles R.
name: Scott, Douglas
name: White, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The COBE satellite, and the DMR experiment in particular, was extraordinarily successful. However, the DMR results were announced about 7 years ago, during which time a great deal more has been learned about anisotropies in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). The CMB experiments currently being designed and built, including long-duration balloons, interferometers, and two space missions, promise to address several fundamental cosmological issues. We present our evaluation of what we already know, what we are beginning to learn now, and what the future may bring.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures. Changes to match version accepted by PASP
A Butterfly in the Making: Revealing the Near- Infrared Structure of Hubble 12
Creators: name: Hora, Joseph L.
name: Latter, William B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep narrowband near-IR images and moderate resolution spectra of the young planetary nebula Hubble 12. These data are the first to show clearly the complex structure for this important planetary nebula. Images were obtained at lambda = 2.12, 2.16, and 2.26 micron. The lambda = 2.12 micron image reveals the bipolar nature of the nebula, as well as complex structure near the central star in the equatorial region. The images show an elliptical region of emission which may indicate a ring or a cylindrical source structure. This structure is possibly related to the mechanism which is producing the bipolar flow. The spectra show the nature of several distinct components. The central object is dominated by recombination lines of H I and He I. The core is not a significant source of molecular hydrogen emission. The east position in the equatorial region is rich in lines of ultraviolet--excited fluorescent H2. A spectrum of part of the central region shows strong [Fe II] emission which might indicate the presence of shocks.
description: 27 pages, 7 Postscript figures, To appear in the Astrophysical Journal, full preprint available as a 1.9MB gzipped postscript file from ftp://hubble.ifa.hawaii.edu/pub/hora/hb12pp.ps.gz, or at the IfA preprint page at http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/publications/preprints/preprints.html Text and figures as separate postscript files are at ftp://hubble.ifa.hawaii.edu/pub/hora/hb12ppnf.tar.gz
Dispersive dark excitons in van der Waals ferromagnet CrI3
Creators: name: He, W.
name: Sears, J.
name: Barantani, F.
name: Kim, T.
name: Villanova, J. W.
name: Berlijn, T.
name: Lajer, M.
name: McGuire, M. A.
name: Pelliciari, J.
name: Bisogni, V.
name: Johnston, S.
name: Baldini, E.
name: Mitrano, M.
name: Dean, M. P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-flip dark excitons are optical-dipole-forbidden quasiparticles with remarkable potential in optoelectronics, especially when they are realized within cleavable van der Waals materials. Despite this potential, dark excitons have not yet been definitively identified in ferromagnetic van der Waals materials. Here, we report two dark excitons in a model ferromagnetic material CrI3 using high-resolution resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) and show that they feature narrower linewidths compared to the bright excitons previously reported in this material. These excitons are shown to have spin-flip character, to disperse as a function of momentum, and to change through the ferromagnetic transition temperature. Given the versatility of van der Waals materials, these excitons hold promise for new types of magneto-optical functionality.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures to appear in Physical Review X
Empirical tests of the black hole no-hair conjecture using gravitational-wave observations
Creators: name: Carullo, Gregorio
name: van der Schaaf, Laura
name: London, Lionel
name: Pang, Peter T. H.
name: Tsang, Ka Wa
name: Hannuksela, Otto A.
name: Meidam, Jeroen
name: Agathos, Michalis
name: Samajdar, Anuradha
name: Ghosh, Archisman
name: Li, Tjonnie G. F.
name: Del Pozzo, Walter
name: Broeck, Chris Van Den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that second-generation gravitational-wave detectors at their design sensitivity will allow us to directly probe the ringdown phase of binary black hole coalescences. This opens the possibility to test the so-called black hole no-hair conjecture in a statistically rigorous way. Using state-of-the-art numerical relativity-tuned waveform models and dedicated methods to effectively isolate the quasi-stationary perturbative regime where a ringdown description is valid, we demonstrate the capability of measuring the physical parameters of the remnant black hole, and subsequently determining parameterized deviations from the ringdown of Kerr black holes. By combining information from $\mathcal{O}(5)$ binary black hole mergers with realistic signal-to-noise ratios achievable with the current generation of detectors, the validity of the no-hair conjecture can be verified with an accuracy of $\sim 1.5\%$ at $90\%$ confidence.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
INVESTIGATION OF NEUROPROTECTIVE AND NEUROTROPHIC EFFECTS OF EDIBLE BIRD’S NEST IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE MODELS
Creators: name: MEI YENG YEW
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Cell Biology

description: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder which primarily impacts the motor skills of elderly. The study demonstrated that edible bird’s nest (EBN), the salivary product of Aerodramus swiftlet, protected neurons against oxidative and nitrosative stresses, and promoted proliferation, migration and neurogenesis of neural stem cell. EBN also improved motor functions in PD mouse model through antioxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Analysis on EBN revealed presence of compounds implicated in immunity, extracellular matrix formation, neurodevelopment, cell survival, cell proliferation and migration, antioxidation and common cellular processes. EBN may be further investigated for its nutraceutical application on neurodegenerative diseases.
Theory and simulation of plasma-liquid interactions
Creators: name: Holgate, Joshua
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: This thesis documents mathematical and computational studies of the hydrodynamic motion and stability of plasma-liquid interactions. The thesis begins with a thorough review of the rapidly-emerging technological importance of plasma-liquid interactions in industry and nuclear fusion research. Deficiencies in current theories of plasma-liquid interactions are highlighted and used to identify those aspects which require significant improvements. The previously-unexplored effect of charge separation and sheath formation at a plasma-facing liquid surface is examined in detail. Two particular findings, which are supported by experimental observations, are the enhancement in droplet ejection rates from bursting bubbles at the surface of electrically-biased liquids and the pulsed emission of droplets from plasma-facing liquid surfaces which are deformed into Taylor cones by the electric field of the plasma sheath. The behaviour of plasma-immersed droplets is also examined. Some commonly-used models of macroparticle charging are extended to include plasma flows, nonspherical particles or magnetic fields. The stability of droplets in plasmas is assessed and the rapid spinning of droplets in magnetised plasmas is shown to lead to their rotational breakup. This disruption mechanism is incorporated into simulations of droplet transport in tokamaks and results in forked trajectories which are strikingly-similar to those observed with fast cameras in tokamaks. The beneficial consequences of this rotational breakup process on the operation of next-generation fusion devices are emphasised.
Experience Report: Refactoring the Mesh Interface in FLASH, a Multiphysics Software
Creators: name: O'Neal, Jared
name: Weide, Klaus
name: Dubey, Anshu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 11.0px Menlo; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff} span.s1 {font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures} FLASH is a highly-configurable multiphysics software designed for solving a large class of problems that involve fluid flows and need adaptive mesh refinement (AMR). FLASH has been in existence for two decades and has undergone four major revisions. It is now undergoing its fifth major revision to deal with increasingly heterogeneous platforms. The architecture of previous versions of the code and the AMR package at its core, Paramesh, are inadequate to meet the challenges posed by heterogeneity. In this paper we describe our experience with refactoring the mesh interface of the code to work with a more modern AMR library, AMReX. The focus of the paper is the refactoring methodology and the attendant software process that we have found useful to ensure that code quality is maintained during the transition.
'Digitising the mental health act': Are we facing the app-ification and platformisation of coercion in mental health services?
Creators: name: Gooding, Piers
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420302
subject: Digital health
classificationCode: 480707
subject: Welfare, insurance, disability and social security law

description: Sociotechnical systems such as video conferencing, digital care work platforms, and electronic health records are taking an increasing role in mental health-related law, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic. Reflecting on these experiments can help navigate an increasingly digital future for mental health services and the laws that govern them. This chapter looks to England and Wales, where an explicit policy aim to 'digitise the Mental Health Act' has seen three key developments: (1) remote medical assessments of persons facing involuntary intervention, (2) the remote operation of tribunals that authorise involuntary interventions, and (3) the rise of digital platforms for Mental Health Act assessment setup. The chapter argues that although courts appear responsive to the issues posed by the first two developments, there appears to be less obvious oversight of digital platforms used to set up mental health crisis work. The chapter considers legal issues raised by 'digitising mental health legislation' and draws in a political economy perspective to reflect on the role of the private sector in emerging configurations of digitised health and social services. It recommends attention to safeguards in both the procurement and commissioning of private sector practices concerning mental health crisis work and in the proliferation of digital platforms in health and social care services.
Horizon problem in a closed universe dominated by fluid with negative pressure
Creators: name: Stelmach, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the horizon problem in a universe dominated by fluid with negative pressure. We show that for generally accepted value of nonrelativistic matter energy density parameter $Ω_{m0}<1$, the horizon problem can be solved only if the fluid influencing negative pressure (the so-called ``X'' component) violates the point-wise strong energy condition and if its energy density is sufficiently large $(Ω_{X 0}>1)$. The calculated value of the $Ω_{X0}$ parameter allowing for the solution of the horizon problem is confronted with some recent observational data. Assuming that $p_X/ρ_X
description: 18 pages, revtex3.1, 5 encapsulated figures
Conformal higher spins and scattering amplitudes
Creators: name: Nakach, Simon
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: This thesis presents results pertaining to scattering amplitudes in Conformal Higher Spin (CHS) theory, most of which was published in \cite{Joung:2015eny, Beccaria:2016syk, Adamo:2018srx}. \\ CHS theory contains Maxwell theory, Conformal Gravity and generalises them for higher spin. After briefly introducing the general field of Higher Spins, we therefore discuss Conformal Gravity as a warm up. Since it is a 4-derivative theory, it contains more on-shell states than just the usual 2-derivative Einstein Gravitons. Some of these states are found to be admissible for scattering and lead to finite expressions for amplitudes. We compute three point tree-level amplitudes scattering all possible states. We give a formula which captures these amplitudes using twistor spinors. \\ We then define CHS theory and its symmetries. We descirbe how it is obtained as the logarithmically divergent part of the partition function for a free scalar coupled to general spin background sources. We characterise its scattering states and proceed to present a series of amplitude computations. \\ We first compute four-point amplitudes for an external scalar interacting with the full tower of CHS fields. These amplitudes need a natural prescription for summing over that infinite tower of fields. Doing so in a way that is compatible with CHS symmetry leads to vanishing amplitudes. \\ We then present similar amplitudes in pure CHS theory where the external legs are 2-derivative spin $1$ and 2 CHS modes. Once again, these amplitudes are trivial. As the theory is conformal, it has a natural description in the language of twistor-spinors and we give a formula for three-point tree level amplitudes of \emph{all} states, including those which are not associated with 2 derivative equations of motion. \\ Finally we look at the theory in curved spacetime, where its quadratic sector is non-diagonal. We compute some of these terms and their contributions to the conformal anomaly $c$-coefficient.
Ab initio investigation of magnetic ordering in the double perovskite Sr$_{2}$NiWO$_{6}$
Creators: name: Rezaei, Nafise
name: Hashemifar, Tayebehsadat
name: Alaei, Mojtaba
name: Shahbazi, Farhad
name: Hashemifar, S. Javad
name: Akbarzadeh, Hadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: {\it Ab initio} calculations, GGA/GGA+$U$, are used to propose a spin Hamiltonian for the B-site ordered double perovskite, Sr$_{2}$NiWO$_{6}$. Our results show that the exchange interaction constants between the next nearest neighbors in both intra- and inter- $ab$ plane ($J_2$ and $J_{2c}$) are an order of magnitude larger than the ones between the nearest neighbors ($J_1$ and $J_{1c}$). Employing the Monte Carlo simulation, we show that the obtained Hamiltonian properly describes the finite temperature properties of Sr$_{2}$NiWO$_{6}$. Our {\it ab initio} calculations also reveal a small magnetic anisotropy and non-trivial bi-quadratic interaction between the nearest inter-$ab$ plane neighbors, which play essential roles in stabilizing the type-II anti-ferromagnetic ground state of Sr$_{2}$NiWO$_{6}$.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Tentative Appraisal of Compatibility of Small-Scale CMB Anisotropy Detections in the Context of COBE-DMR-Normalized Open and Flat $Λ$ CDM Cosmogonies
Creators: name: Ganga, Ken
name: Ratra, Bharat
name: Sugiyama, Naoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Goodness-of-fit statistics are used to quantitatively establish the compatibility of CMB anisotropy predictions in a wide range of DMR-normalized, open and spatially-flat $Λ$, CDM cosmogonies with the set of all presently available small-scale CMB anisotropy detection data. Conclusions regarding model viability depend sensitively on the prescription used to account for the 1$σ$ uncertainty in the assumed value of the DMR normalization, except for low-density, $Ω_0 \sim 0.3$ -- 0.4, open models which are compatible with the data for all prescriptions used. While large baryon-density ($Ω_B \gap 0.0175 h^{-2}$), old ($t_0 \gap 15$ -- 16 Gyr), low-density ($Ω_0 \sim 0.2$ -- 0.4), flat-$Λ$ models might be incompatible, no model is incompatible with the data for all prescriptions. In fact, some open models seem to fit the data better than should be expected, and this might be an indication that some error bars are mildly overconservative.
description: 15 page PostScript file, including 6 included figures. Also available via anonymous ftp from ftp://astro.caltech.edu/users/kmg/chi.ps
Fireball/Blastwave Model and Soft Gamma-ray Repeaters
Creators: name: Huang, Y. F.
name: Dai, Z. G.
name: Lu, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft gamma-ray repeaters are at determined distances and their positions are known accurately. If observed, afterglows from their soft gamma-ray bursts will provide important clues to the study of the so called "classical gamma-ray bursts". On applying the popular fireball/blastwave model of classical gamma-ray bursts to soft gamma-ray repeaters, it is found that their X-ray and optical afterglows are detectable. Monitoring of the three repeaters is solicited.
description: Already published in 1998 in "Chinese Physics Letters", replaced with the published version. See astro-ph/0502452 for a more detailed version
Histone H3K27 demethylase SlJMJ4 promotes dark- and ABA- induced leaf senescence in tomato
Creators: name: ding, xiaochun
name: Zhang, Dandan
name: Jiang, Guoxiang
name: Gu, Dachuan
name: Li, Zhiwei
name: Liang, Hanzhi
name: Zhu, Hong
name: Jiang, Yueming
name: Duan, Xuewu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 70601 Horticultural Crop Growth and Development
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: Figure S1. Distribution of the SlJMJ4 binding sites in tomato genome.Figure S2. GO and KEGG pathway functional clustering analysis of the gene clusters with binding of SlJMJ4.Figure S3. Gene browser view of the binding sites level of SlSAG113, SlSAG12, SlNAP2, SlORE1, SlABI5 and SlNCED3 genes detected by ChIP-seq assay.Table S1. Primer pairs used in this study.Table S2. List of SlJMJ4-bound sites by ChIP-seq.Table S3. List of SlJMJ4-bound motif by HOMER's findMotifsGenome.pl tool.
Standard model vacuum decay with gravity
Creators: name: Stopyra, Stephen
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: I present a study of the vacuum instability problem in the Standard Model, with particular emphasis on the effect of gravitational corrections on this process. This covers four main effects: (1) gravitational back-reaction of nucleating bubbles and their associated bounce solutions, which alters the decay rate; (2) the nucleation of true vacuum bubbles in an inflationary background; (3) the effect of non-flat backgrounds on the running of the Standard Model couplings; and (4) the effect of non-minimal Higgs-curvature coupling on decay rates in the Standard Model. The key result presented is the discovery of previously unseen bounce solutions contributing to Standard Model vacuum decay during inflation.
Quadcopter Position Hold Function using Optical Flow in a Smartphone-based Flight Computer
Creators: name: Caliston, Noel P.
name: Aliac, Chris Jordan G.
name: Nogra, James Arnold E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Purpose. This paper explores the capability of smartphones as computing devices for a quadcopter, specifically in terms of the ability of drones to maintain a position known as the position hold function. Image processing can be performed with the phone's sensors and powerful built-in camera. Method. Using Shi-Tomasi corner detection and the Lucas-Kanade sparse optical flow algorithms, ground features are recognized and tracked using the downward-facing camera. The position is maintained by computing quadcopter displacement from the center of the image using Euclidian distance, and the corresponding pitch and roll estimate is calculated using the PID controller. Results. Actual flights show a double standard deviation of 18.66 cm from the center for outdoor tests. With a quadcopter size of 58cm x 58cm used, it implies that 95% of the time, the quadcopter is within a diameter of 96 cm. For indoor tests, a double standard deviation of 10.55 cm means that 95% of the time, the quadcopter is within a diameter of 79 cm. Conclusion. Smartphone sensors and cameras can be used to perform optical flow position hold functions, proving their potential as computing devices for drones. Recommendations. To further improve the positioning system of the phone-based quadcopter system, it is suggested that potential sensor fusion be explored with the phone's GNSS sensor, which gives absolute positioning information for outdoor applications. Research Implications. As different devices and gadgets are integrated into the smartphone, this paper presents an opportunity for phone manufacturers and researchers to explore the potential of smartphones for a drone use-case.
description: 13 pages
Characterisation of alpha-keratin fibres
Creators: name: Semmence, Toni
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Human hair is comprised of a highly complex biomaterial, α-keratin. Some of the key features of keratin are its robust nature and strong mechanical stability. These qualities originate from the molecular assembly of the proteins and are described by a two-phase model. Highly ordered crystalline intermediate filaments are interspersed within a less-ordered amorphous matrix. Developing a further understanding of the internal sub-structures of hair fibres, particularly with relation to the effect of chemical agents on these structures is imperative to the personal care and cosmetic industries. This information could direct the growth and expansion of new cosmetic treatments. Nuclear magnetic resonance experiments have been utilised as a method to measure and quantify “damage” to hair fibres caused by chemical modifications. X-ray scattering experiments were employed to investigate the effect of chemical agents on the sub-structures of hair. Equilibrium and time-resolved hydration experiments were used to ascertain both the lateral and axial swelling of the intermediate filaments and how “damage” affects this. Micro-focus x-ray scattering techniques provided information on the scattering patterns produced by the three principal hair structures; the cuticle, the cortex and the medulla. Some of the key findings of this research include the use of spin-lattice relaxation times as a robust and reproducible method for quantifying hair damage. Time-resolved hydration experiments demonstrated that both the magnitude and rate of swelling a fibre undergoes can be altered through chemical agents. The distribution of intermediate filaments within the cortex was measured for the first time by x-ray scattering, showing a clear increase in the density towards the centre of the fibres. These findings and use of the various 3 techniques begin to produce a tool-kit for measuring and quantifying the effect of chemical treatments on human hair fibres.
Phoenicopterus Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Phoenicopteriformes
Phoenicopteridae
Phoenicopterus

description: Phoenicopterus [gen. nov.]
Rostrum denudatum, in- fracto-incurvatum.
Pedes palmati, tetradactyli.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 139, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Statistical Optimality of Stochastic Gradient Descent on Hard Learning Problems through Multiple Passes
Creators: name: Pillaud-Vivien, Loucas
name: Rudi, Alessandro
name: Bach, Francis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for least-squares regression with potentially several passes over the data. While several passes have been widely reported to perform practically better in terms of predictive performance on unseen data, the existing theoretical analysis of SGD suggests that a single pass is statistically optimal. While this is true for low-dimensional easy problems, we show that for hard problems, multiple passes lead to statistically optimal predictions while single pass does not; we also show that in these hard models, the optimal number of passes over the data increases with sample size. In order to define the notion of hardness and show that our predictive performances are optimal, we consider potentially infinite-dimensional models and notions typically associated to kernel methods, namely, the decay of eigenvalues of the covariance matrix of the features and the complexity of the optimal predictor as measured through the covariance matrix. We illustrate our results on synthetic experiments with non-linear kernel methods and on a classical benchmark with a linear model.