cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dislocation Density in Silicon Sheets Crystalized from a Linear Molten Zone
Creators: name: Pó, J.M.
name: Pera, D.M.
name: Brito, M.C.
name: Maia Alves, J.
name: Vallêra, A.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 722-724
description: This work presents a method for estimating the dislocation density on crystalline silicon sheets,
produced from zone melting crystallization. To compute the dislocation density we developed a computational fluid
dynamics model, which output results were combined with the Hansen-Alexander-Sumino empirical model to relate
plastic deformation in a crystal with dislocation dynamics and multiplication. Preliminary results are shown with
dislocation densities ranging from 104 to 105 cm-2.
Reclaimability of Coolant Liquids for Fixed Abrasive Wafer Slicing – a Key to Economic Wafering
Creators: name: Ruth, J.
name: Berndt, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 730-734
description: Wafer slicing using fixed abrasives (FAS) is commonly considered as a way to significantly cut costs
during manufacturing of mono-crystalline silicon wafers. A coolant liquid is essential for slicing. Choosing the wrong
coolant could result in serious cost consequences. Generally, water based coolants (WBC) as well as alcohol based
coolants (ABC) are utilized. Whereas both types basically meet the demands of the slicing process, they require
different methods for reclaim and for make-up of utilized coolant. Regeneration and make-up of two commercially
available coolants were evaluated. A wafer output of 130 million pieces per year was assumed. For fixed abrasive
wafer slicing on an industrial scale, water based coolants are economically and technically advantageous compared to
alcohol based coolants. Pilot testing of the slicing process should include the application of water based coolants as
using only alcohol based coolants can result in very misleading economic data and design scenarios for scale-up, if
water based coolants are ultimately used on the industrial scale.
Mode jumping MCMC for Bayesian variable selection in GLMM
Creators: name: Hubin, Aliaksandr
name: Storvik, Geir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62-02, 62-09, 62F07, 62F15, 62J12, 62J05, 62J99, 62M05, 05A16, 60J22, 92D20, 90C27, 90C59

description: Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) are used for inference and prediction in a wide range of different applications providing a powerful scientific tool. An increasing number of sources of data are becoming available, introducing a variety of candidate explanatory variables for these models. Selection of an optimal combination of variables is thus becoming crucial. In a Bayesian setting, the posterior distribution of the models, based on the observed data, can be viewed as a relevant measure for the model evidence. The number of possible models increases exponentially in the number of candidate variables. Moreover, the space of models has numerous local extrema in terms of posterior model probabilities. To resolve these issues a novel MCMC algorithm for the search through the model space via efficient mode jumping for GLMMs is introduced. The algorithm is based on that marginal likelihoods can be efficiently calculated within each model. It is recommended that either exact expressions or precise approximations of marginal likelihoods are applied. The suggested algorithm is applied to simulated data, the famous U.S. crime data, protein activity data and epigenetic data and is compared to several existing approaches.
description: 46 pages, 6 figures, 16 tables
Contact Angles of Adjacent Dendrite Crystals to Form Grain Boundary and Iron Precipitation in Multicrystalline Silicon Ingot Grown by Floating Cast Method
Creators: name: Joonwichien, S.
name: Takahashi, I.
name: Matsushima, S.
name: Usami, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 714-716
description: We report on the impact of contact angles of adjacent dendrite crystals on the interstitial iron
concentrations in multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) ingot grown by floating cast method. Different contact angles of
<10°, 60°-70°, and 115° were selected from the upper surface of the ingot. It was found that the contact angles of
adjacent dendrite crystals to form grain boundary (GB) affect the iron precipitation at GB. When the two dendrite
crystals arranged in parallel to each other, the density of interstitial iron was revealed to be less than 1010 atoms/cm3.
On the other hand, contact angles of 60°-70° and 115° resulted in high densities of interstitial iron.
Photoluminescence imaging technique was used to confirm that the dislocations cluster can be generated at GB when
the contact angle is large. This suggests that parallel arrangement of the dendrite crystals is preferable to decrease
density of dislocations. Increase of contact angles resulted in large shear stress around GB, causing the generation of
dislocations, which may act as a sink of metallic impurities.
Embedding properties of hereditarily just infinite profinite wreath products
Creators: name: Klopsch, Benjamin
name: Vannacci, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 20E18, Secondary 20E22

description: We study infinitely iterated wreath products of finite permutation groups with respect to product actions. In particular, we prove that, for every non-empty class of finite simple groups $\mathcal{X}$, there exists a finitely generated hereditarily just infinite profinite group $W$ with composition factors in $\mathcal{X}$ such that any countably based profinite group with composition factors in $\mathcal{X}$ can be embedded into $W$. Additionally we investigate when infinitely iterated wreath products of finite simple groups with respect to product actions are co-Hopfian or non-co-Hopfian.
description: 13 pages. Revised version
UniSAFE: Wroclaw University Of Environmental And Life Sciences – institutional policy to address gender-based violence
Creators: name: Andreska, Zuzana
name: Huck, Averil
name: Linkova, Marcela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Gender based-violence
policy framework
gender+
institutional policy

description: UniSAFE has mapped the policies and measures to address and combat GBV in 48 universities and research organisations in 15 European countries. For each institution, the team created Vignettes which present national context, institutional policy, training, role in knowledge production, content of the policy, institutional procedure and implementation of the policy
Getting Ahead in the Polysilicon Cash Cost Race by Controlling the Growth
Creators: name: Filtvedt, W.O.
name: Klette, H.
name: Stensrud Marstein, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 725-729
description: The production of polysilicon based on the decomposition of silane relies on complex processes. There are several competing mechanisms active simultaneously during the production process, and detailed process control is crucial in order to actively enhance purity and homogeneity and suppress unwanted hydrogen content, porosity and fines formation, in addition to gaseous residuals in the exhaust. The proposed reactor layouts for silane-based silicon production, including Siemens, Fludized Bed (FBR) or Centrifuge Chemical Vapor Deposition Reactors (CCVDR) all have distinct advantages and disadvantages. At IFE we currently operate reactors based on three different layouts. In this presentation, we describe recent progress in determining the active mechanisms of silane decomposition in the Free Space Reactor (FSR), FBR and CCVDR.
On the convergence of a linesearch based proximal-gradient method for nonconvex optimization
Creators: name: Bonettini, Silvia
name: Loris, Ignace
name: Porta, Federica
name: Prato, Marco
name: Rebegoldi, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65K05, 90C30, 68U10

description: We consider a variable metric linesearch based proximal gradient method for the minimization of the sum of a smooth, possibly nonconvex function plus a convex, possibly nonsmooth term. We prove convergence of this iterative algorithm to a critical point if the objective function satisfies the Kurdyka-Lojasiewicz property at each point of its domain, under the assumption that a limit point exists. The proposed method is applied to a wide collection of image processing problems and our numerical tests show that our algorithm results to be flexible, robust and competitive when compared to recently proposed approaches able to address the optimization problems arising in the considered applications.
Presentation at EPCP 2021-09 about openTECR - an open database for Thermodynamics of Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions
Creators: name: Giessmann, Robert T.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This is my presentation about openTECR - an open database for Thermodynamics of Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions. Held at the Forum "Economic Principles in Cell Physiology" on 2021-09-07, see http://principlescellphysiology.org/forum.html.
Process Development on Photolithography Free IBC Solar Cells
Creators: name: Singh, S.
name: O’Sullivan, B.
name: Récaman Payo, M.
name: Uruena, A.
name: Debucquoy, M.
name: Szlufcik, J.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 672-675
description: IBC process development at imec started with a small cell area baseline process on high quality FZ
wafers. This resulted in cell efficiencies up to 23.3% for 4 cm2 cells on 4-inch n-type FZ substrates. Later 12.5x12.5
cm2 and 15.6 x 15.6 cm2 semi-sq commercially available n-type CZ silicon wafers were successfully integrated in this
baseline. Confirmed efficiencies up to 23.1 % on 4 cm2 cells on 15.6 x 15.6 cm2 wafer have been achieved. This
baseline process involves three photolithography steps, extensive surface cleaning and various high temperature
process steps. Based on this stable high-efficiency platform, steps to simplify this process and implementation of
industrially viable novel processes were initiated. Initial steps towards process simplification have already been
presented, concluding that reduced complexity of the process did not come at a cost of cell efficiency. In this study
we show further simplification of the IBC cell process by demonstrating potential replacement of all
photolithography steps by cost effective and industrially feasible process steps, namely laser ablation and screen
printing. Best cell efficiency of 22.7 % has been achieved on newly developed photolitho-free IBC process.
Furthermore the stability of baseline process is improved by implementing the adapted process recipe for back
surface field (BSF) diffusion.
Unrestricted State Complexity of Binary Operations on Regular Languages
Creators: name: Brzozowski, Janusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: I study the state complexity of binary operations on regular languages over different alphabets. It is well known that if $L'_m$ and $L_n$ are languages restricted to be over the same alphabet, with $m$ and $n$ quotients, respectively, the state complexity of any binary boolean operation on $L'_m$ and $L_n$ is $mn$, and that of the product (concatenation) is $(m-1)2^n +2^{n-1}$. In contrast to this, I show that if $L'_m$ and $L_n$ are over their own different alphabets, the state complexity of union and symmetric difference is $mn+m+n+1$, that of intersection is $mn$, that of difference is $mn+m$, and that of the product is $m2^n+2^{n-1}$.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures. An earlier version is to appear in the proceedings of DCFS 2016. Two errors are corrected in the present arXiv version
Il Tempio Malatestiano di Rimini come 'invenzione' dell'antico nella medaglia di Matteo de' Pasti
Creators: name: Calandra Di Roccolino, Giacomo
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2008
Subjects: Malatesta
Portrait
Alberti

description: The medal that is the subject of this essay is one of the best known of those cast by Matteo de' Pasti to celebrate his patron, Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta Lord of Rimini. The reason for this notoriety lies in the depiction on the reverse of the main front of the Malatesta Temple, as it is said to have been conceived in Leon Battista Alberti's first design.

This medal is also important because of all the medals commissioned by Sigismondo, both those signed by Pisanello and those by de' Pasti, it is the one that is most directly influenced by the iconographic model of the coinage of the early Roman Empire, and refers specifically to the bronzes of the Julius Claudia age.
Experimental investigation on novel MgO supported Pt/C anode electrode for enhancing fuel cell performance
Creators: name: Mani, Shoban Babu
name: Kasimani, Ramesh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In this study, a novel material has been fabricated as the catalyst for the Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell, which aims to reduce the Pt/C load and sustain the better performance of the cell. The synthesis of magnesium oxide involves the thermal decomposition of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate. The catalyst ink was prepared by combining the obtained MgO with isopropyl alcohol and nafion solution. The catalyst ink was coated with a Pt/C catalyst layer on the anode side and the cathode side consisted of a commercial Pt/C catalyst. The Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) was fabricated by sandwiching the polymer membrane between the anode and cathode electrodes. The prepared MgO support anode electrode was subjected to various characterizations like XRD, Raman spectrometry, UV spectrometry, and electrochemical characterizations like Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), stability, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectrometry (EIS). The single-cell performance of the novel catalyst support layer on the anode side exhibits a power output of 0.61W/cm2. The maximum power density of 0.61 W/cm2 that was achieved under both humidified and dry circumstances indicates that the coated catalyst material has no adverse impact on the H2 oxidation reaction, which signifies the durability and reliability of the novel MgO-coated catalyst.
Eigenvalue varieties of Brunnian links
Creators: name: Malabre, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, it is proved that the eigenvalue variety of the exterior of a nontrivial, non-Hopf, Brunnian link in $\mathbb{S}^{3}$ contains a nontrivial component of maximal dimension. This generalises, for Brunnian links, the nontriviality of the $A$-polynomial of a nontrivial knot in $\mathbb{S}^{3}$.
Development of Metal-Less Monolithic Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Ciesla, A.
name: Chan, C.
name: Hallam, B.
name: Abbott, M.
name: To, A.
name: Wang, S.
name: Lu, P.H.D.
name: Lochtefeld, A.
name: Gerger, A.
name: Wenham, S.
name: Barnett, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 693-698
description: A monolithic cell structure can be formed into thin crystalline silicon wafers by forming heavily doped
juxtaposed regions of opposite polarity that electrically isolate adjacent devices while simultaneously facilitating their
series interconnection through the formation of a low impedance junction. These opposite polarity regions can each
be formed by a laser to melt and dope right through the thickness of a thin wafer, or instead since emitters are
normally quite shallow, one isolation region may be formed by a heavy diffusion of dopants of opposite polarity to
the emitter, as long as it is deep enough to isolate the emitters of the adjacent cells. By this means, a wafer can be
divided up into many smaller series connected cells creating a high voltage, low current structure. Such a structure
enables the active devices to be made without any metal contacts, which are usually required to carry larger electrical
currents relatively long distances, but in doing so, compromise the cell’s simplicity, durability, cost and performance.
The methods of isolation and interconnection via both laser and diffusion to create structures are investigated with
supportive modelling.
Low-cost approximate reconstructing of heterogeneous microstructures
Creators: name: Olchawa, W.
name: Piasecki, R.
name: Wiśniowski, R.
name: Frączek, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an approximate reconstruction of random heterogeneous microstructures using the two-exponent power-law (TEPL). This rule originates from the entropic descriptor (ED) that is a multi-scale measure of spatial inhomogeneity for a given microstructure. A digitized target sample is a cube of linear size L in voxels. Then, a number of trial configurations can be generated by a model of overlapping spheres of a fixed radius, which are randomly distributed on a regular lattice. The TEPL describes the averaged maximum of the ED as a function of the phase concentration and the radius. Thus, it can be used to determine the radius. The suggested approach is tested on surrogate samples of ceramic and carbonate. In each of the cases, fifty low-cost trials provided a few good enough candidates to a selection of the optimal reconstruction. When a better accuracy is planned, the final reconstructions can serve as the starting configurations. Then, the resulting reconstructions should be competitive indeed to those starting with random configurations.
description: In Figure 3, the repeated by mistake Fig. 2b is replaced by the correct Fig. 3b, published version
Factoring with Qutrits: Shor's Algorithm on Ternary and Metaplectic Quantum Architectures
Creators: name: Bocharov, Alex
name: Roetteler, Martin
name: Svore, Krysta M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We determine the cost of performing Shor's algorithm for integer factorization on a ternary quantum computer, using two natural models of universal fault-tolerant computing: (i) a model based on magic state distillation that assumes the availability of the ternary Clifford gates, projective measurements, classical control as its natural instrumentation set; (ii) a model based on a metaplectic topological quantum computer (MTQC). A natural choice to implement Shor's algorithm on a ternary quantum computer is to translate the entire arithmetic into a ternary form. However, it is also possible to emulate the standard binary version of the algorithm by encoding each qubit in a three-level system. We compare the two approaches and analyze the complexity of implementing Shor's period finding function in the two models. We also highlight the fact that the cost of achieving universality through magic states in MTQC architecture is asymptotically lower than in generic ternary case.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures; v3: significant overhaul; this version focuses on the use of true ternary vs. emulated binary encoding
n-Type Bi-Facial Solar Cells with Boron Emitters from Doped PECVD Layers
Creators: name: Frey, A.
name: Engelhardt, J.
name: Fritz, S.
name: Gloger, S.
name: Hahn, G.
name: Terheiden, B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 656-660
description: This work is mainly focused on an alternative method for emitter formation by means of boron
diffusion from a boron-doped plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) doping source. With this
approach only one high temperature process is necessary for emitter and BSF/FSF formation (co-diffusion), without
depletion of surface doping concentration. This enables time and cost-efficient fabrication of solar cells with high
conversion efficiencies, as shown in this work, on large area (156.25 cm2) bi-facial devices with conversion
efficiencies up to 19.7% measured with white back sheet. Furthermore, the contact formation with screen-printing of
silver/aluminum (Ag/Al) pastes and its emitter shunting behavior due to Ag/Al spikes, varying with the firing
conditions in a belt furnace, are of major interest. Low contact resistance values below 4 mΩcm2 can be realized with
screen-printed Ag/Al contacts on 55-70 Ω/sq PECVD boron emitters. In addition, Ag/Al spikes with a depth of
around 1-3 μm could be detected with SEM measurements.
Preconditioned Stochastic Gradient Descent
Creators: name: Li, Xi-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) still is the workhorse for many practical problems. However, it converges slow, and can be difficult to tune. It is possible to precondition SGD to accelerate its convergence remarkably. But many attempts in this direction either aim at solving specialized problems, or result in significantly more complicated methods than SGD. This paper proposes a new method to estimate a preconditioner such that the amplitudes of perturbations of preconditioned stochastic gradient match that of the perturbations of parameters to be optimized in a way comparable to Newton method for deterministic optimization. Unlike the preconditioners based on secant equation fitting as done in deterministic quasi-Newton methods, which assume positive definite Hessian and approximate its inverse, the new preconditioner works equally well for both convex and non-convex optimizations with exact or noisy gradients. When stochastic gradient is used, it can naturally damp the gradient noise to stabilize SGD. Efficient preconditioner estimation methods are developed, and with reasonable simplifications, they are applicable to large scaled problems. Experimental results demonstrate that equipped with the new preconditioner, without any tuning effort, preconditioned SGD can efficiently solve many challenging problems like the training of a deep neural network or a recurrent neural network requiring extremely long term memories.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. To appear in IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems. Supplemental materials on https://sites.google.com/site/lixilinx/home/psgd
n-PERT Back Junction Solar Cells: an Option for the Next Industrial Technology Generation?
Creators: name: Lim, B.
name: Brendemühl, T.
name: Berger, M.
name: Christ, A.
name: Dullweber, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 661-665
description: In this work, we present back-junction (BJ) n-PERT (Passivated Emitter, Rear Totally Diffused) solar
cells with a processing sequence based on an industrial-type p-PERC (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell) process,
with the addition of a boron diffusion. Through this, we achieve efficiencies up to 20.5% on n-PERT BJ solar cells,
which do not degrade under subsequent illumination. For comparison, reference p-PERC solar cells fabricated on 1
and 3  cm boron-doped Cz-Si achieve efficiencies up to 20.6% before light-induced degradation (LID) and 20.1%
(3  cm) and 19.7% (1  cm), respectively, after LID. We find that the width of the laser contact opening (LCO) on
the rear strongly influences the n-PERT BJ solar cell performance. Wider LCOs significantly increase the shortcircuit
current, open-circuit voltage, and pseudo fill factor, resulting in efficiency increase of up to 1.2% absolute. We
attribute this to an increased thickness and homogeneity of the Al-p+ regions beneath the contacts, which effectively
reduces recombination at the contacts. By varying the metallization fraction on the rear side, we determine the
specific contact resistance of the Al contact to be c = (8 ± 2) m cm2 and the saturation current density to be J0.met of
(320 ± 50) fA/cm2.
R&D Pilot-Line Production of PERC Cells with Printed AlOx Passivation Layer
Creators: name: Chen, T.-C.
name: Lin, Y.-S.
name: Ku, C.-H.
name: Hung, J.Y.
name: Wang, J.-C.
name: Chen, S.-W.
name: Lee, J.-J.
name: Wen, C.-C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 627-629
description: In this paper we report on the latest results from our pilot production of ExcelTonTM-Cell-III based on
passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) structure. In contrast to typical PERC cells, the rear-side passivation layer in
ExcelTonTM-cell-III is deposited by using a novel printable AlOx paste instead of using vapor-phase deposition
techniques such as plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) or atomic layer deposition (ALD). Using
this printed AlOx passivation layer, the lifetime of cell after last co-firing achieves 143 us at n=5E15 cm-3 and
corresponding implied Voc is 0.690V, which are comparable to those obtain from a vapor-phase-deposited sample. A
stable median efficiency above 20.05 % with the champion efficiency of 20.51 % and cells featured free of potential
induced degradation (PID) are also demonstrated in this R&D pilot-line production. To the best of our knowledge,
this is the highest production efficiency of PERC cell with a non-vapor-phase-deposited AlOx film achieved so far.
Moreover, it has also been proven to be applicable in the solar module (6X10) with peak output power >285 watts.
Influence of Various Process Variations on the Performance of Multicrystalline p-Type PERC Solar Cells Made from UMG-Si
Creators: name: Preis, P.
name: Buchholz, F.
name: Díaz-Pérez, P.
name: Glatz-Reichenbach, J.
name: Peter, C.
name: Schmitt, S.
name: Theobald, J.
name: Peter, K.
name: Wefringhaus, E.
name: Soiland, A.-K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 630-634
description: Detailed studies on the performance of multicrystalline PERC solar cells were conducted with special
focus on performance variations induced by variations in the PERC solar cell process, the used feedstock quality and
by selection of different multicrystalline wafer qualities. Variations of the rear side passivation layer and its thermal
budget, as well as a comparison between UMG-Si and poly-Si based wafers with different defect concentrations and
thus different minority carrier lifetime are presented. Solar cell efficiencies up to 17.8 % could be obtained if a rear
side passivation and local BSF structure is used. Thus the average solar cell efficiency can be improved by up to
0.4 % absolute, compared to a full aluminum contacted solar cell.
It was found that solar cell efficiency and the potential gain which can be achieved applying a PERC solar cell
process, compared to the standard full Al-BSF solar cell, is mostly limited by the individual wafer quality rather than
by the feedstock quality or the thermal budget of different rear side passivation layers.
Le désalignement du taux de change réel du Dirham marocain : Approche macroéconométrique
Creators: name: ES-SANOUN Mohamed
name: BENBOUBKER Mounir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ce travail consiste à estimer le taux de change réel d’équilibre (TCRE) au Maroc à travers l’approche économétrique comportementale du taux de change d’équilibre (BEER) à travers un modèle autorégressif à retard échelonné appelé ARDL (Auto Regressive Distributed Lags). Pour le but final de calculer l’ampleur de désalignements du taux de change réel du dirham marocain par rapport à son niveau d’équilibre et de détecter par la suite les périodes de sous ou surévaluation, pour ce faire, nous allons nous baser sur une base de données trimestrielles couvrant la période 2000-2023.
Chaos in the motion of a test scalar particle coupling to Einstein tensor in Schwarzschild-Melvin black hole spacetime
Creators: name: Wang, Mingzhi
name: Chen, Songbai
name: Jing, Jiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present firstly the equation of motion for a test scalar particle coupling to Einstein tensor in the Schwarzschild-Melvin black hole spacetime through the short-wave approximation. Through analysing Poincaré sections, the power spectrum, the fast Lyapunov exponent indicator and the bifurcation diagram, we investigate the effects of coupling parameter on the chaotic behavior of the particles. With the increase of the coupling strength, we find that the motion of coupled particle for the chosen parameters becomes more regular and order for the negative couple constant. While, for the positive one, the motion of coupled particles first undergoes a series of transitions between chaotic motion and regular motion and then falls into horizon or escapes to spatial infinite. Our results show that the coupling brings about richer effects for the motion of the particles.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures. The title is changed, some content and references are modified. Accepted by EPJC for publication;arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1604.02785
The HIP-MWT+ Solar Cell Concept on n-Type Silicon and Metallization-Induced Voltage Losses
Creators: name: Lohmüller, E.
name: Werner, S.
name: Thaidigsmann, B.
name: Wöhrle, N.
name: Mack, S.
name: Clement, F.
name: Biro, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 635-641
description: We present high-performance metal wrap through+ (n-HIP-MWT+) solar cells (239 cm² area) on
n-type Czochralski-grown silicon (Cz-Si) wafers with a boron-doped front-side emitter. Peak conversion efficiencies
of  = 19.5 % are measured using a black chuck. Short-circuit current density jSC, open-circuit voltage VOC, and fill
factor FF are 39.6 mA/cm², 650 mV, and 75.7 %, respectively. The loss in VOC, caused by front and rear side
metallization, is found to be 16 mV for the n-HIP-MWT+ as well as for H-pattern cells with electrically non-contacting
busbars fabricated in parallel, whereas the use of electrically contacting busbars in case of the H-pattern cells
leads to a significantly higher VOC loss of 24 mV. The saturation current density underneath the front silver-aluminum
(Ag-Al) contacts is determined to be j0,met,Ag-Al ≈ 3500 fA/cm², which is three times larger than j0,met,Ag found for the
silver contacts on the rear side. The high j0,met,Ag-Al values are assumed to originate from deep spikes formed during
Ag-Al paste contact firing. This assumption is supported by numerical simulations performed with Sentaurus Device.
Lexis: An Optimization Framework for Discovering the Hierarchical Structure of Sequential Data
Creators: name: Siyari, Payam
name: Dilkina, Bistra
name: Dovrolis, Constantine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data represented as strings abounds in biology, linguistics, document mining, web search and many other fields. Such data often have a hierarchical structure, either because they were artificially designed and composed in a hierarchical manner or because there is an underlying evolutionary process that creates repeatedly more complex strings from simpler substrings. We propose a framework, referred to as "Lexis", that produces an optimized hierarchical representation of a given set of "target" strings. The resulting hierarchy, "Lexis-DAG", shows how to construct each target through the concatenation of intermediate substrings, minimizing the total number of such concatenations or DAG edges. The Lexis optimization problem is related to the smallest grammar problem. After we prove its NP-Hardness for two cost formulations, we propose an efficient greedy algorithm for the construction of Lexis-DAGs. We also consider the problem of identifying the set of intermediate nodes (substrings) that collectively form the "core" of a Lexis-DAG, which is important in the analysis of Lexis-DAGs. We show that the Lexis framework can be applied in diverse applications such as optimized synthesis of DNA fragments in genomic libraries, hierarchical structure discovery in protein sequences, dictionary-based text compression, and feature extraction from a set of documents.
K-theory, local cohomology and tangent spaces to Hilbert schemes
Creators: name: Yang, Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: By using K-theory, we construct a map from the tangent space to the Hilbert scheme at a point Y to the local cohomology group. And we use this map to answer affirmatively(after slight modification) a question by Mark Green and Phillip Griffiths in [8] on constructing a map from the tangent space to the Hilbert scheme to the tangent space to the cycle group.
description: Polish language, Accepted by Annals of K-theory
Implementation of an ALD-Al2O3 PERC-Technology into a Multi- and Monocrystalline Industrial Pilot Production
Creators: name: Pysch, D.
name: Schmitt, C.
name: Latzel, B.
name: Horzel, J.
name: Sastrawan, R.
name: Voigt, O.
name: Sander, B.-U.
name: Patzig-Klein, S.
name: Pediaditakis, A.
name: Queißer, S.
name: Heeren, A.
name: Nussbaumer, H.
name: Kühnlein, H.
name: Mao, X.
name: Qu, X.
name: Yang, S.
name: Melnyk, I.
name: Gay, X.
name: Souren, F.
name: Görtzen, R.
name: Heezen, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 612-616
description: In this paper, we present the InPERC technology implemented into a multi- and monocrystalline
silicon (mc- and Cz-Si) solar cell production of major Asian cell manufacturers. Stable average efficiencies over 18%
and 20 % were demonstrated, respectively. Best average efficiencies of 18.4% were achieved on mc-Si solar cells
with a best cell efficiency of 18.8%. To reduce the cost of ownership (CoO) of the InPERC upgrade, the annealing
step after ALD of Al2O3 was successfully skipped by integrating it into the direct tube PECVD without increase of
PECVD process time. Furthermore, the Al2O3 thickness was reduced to 4 nm and the etch removal for rear side
smoothening to 2 μm without loss in efficiency. An InPERC module passed all applied accelerated ageing tests (five
times humidity freeze, damp heat, PID-test). In a CoO-comparison of different PERC routes, the InPERC technology
showed the lowest total CoO and the lowest payback period of all investigated PERC candidates.
20.5 % Industrial PERC Cells with PECVD Al2O3/SiNx Rear-Passivation and Flat-Top Nanosecond Laser Contact Opening
Creators: name: Ferré, R.
name: Schwarz, F.
name: Beier, B.
name: Dullweber, T.
name: Jahn, C.
name: Gatz, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 617-620
description: We investigate the performance of mass production tools for Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell (PERC) applications. We
produce monocrystalline silicon p-type solar cells with industrial-like processes and wafer sizes, focusing our study on rear
side passivation with Al2O3/SiNx and Local Contact Opening (LCO) by means of laser ablation. We achieve an energy
conversion efficiency of 20.3% applying the Manz VCS1200 PECVD tool for Al2O3/SiNx deposition as well as the ns laser
platform LAS2400 for LCO. An even higher efficiency of 20.5% is obtained by using the ns LCO on a high-quality, lab-type
passivation stack applying Atomic Layer Deposited (ALD)-Al2O3 and SiNx capping. The ns LCO process, featuring a Flat-
Top beam profile, shows comparable PERC cell results to a high-quality low-damage ps laser ablation reference process,
facilitating the integration of PERC upgrade tools into industrial mass production.
Critical Casimir Interactions and Percolation: the quantitative description of critical fluctuations
Creators: name: Vasilyev, Oleg A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Casimir forces in a critical media are produced by spatial suppression of order parameter fluctuations. In this paper we address the question how fluctuations of a critical media relates the magnitude of critical Casimir interactions. Namely, for the Ising model we express the potential of critical Casimir interactions in terms of Fortuin-Kasteleyn site-bond correlated percolation clusters. These clusters are quantitative representation of fluctuations in the media. New Monte Carlo method for the computation of the Casimir force potential which is based on this relation is proposed. We verify this method by computation of Casimir interactions between two disks for 2D Ising model. The new method is also applied to the investigation of non-additivity of the critical Casimir potential. The non-additive contribution to three-particles interaction is computed as a function of the temperature.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Extrinsic and intrinsic curvatures in thermodynamic geometry
Creators: name: Mansoori, Seyed Ali Hosseini
name: Mirza, Behrouz
name: Sharifian, Elham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the intrinsic and extrinsic curvatures of certain hypersurfaces in the thermodynamic geometry of a physical system and show that they contain useful thermodynamic information. For an anti-Reissner-Nordström-(A)de Sitter black hole (Phantom), the extrinsic curvature of a constant $Q$ hypersurface has the same sign as the heat capacity around the phase transition points. For a Kerr-Newmann-AdS (KN-AdS) black hole, the extrinsic curvature of $Q \to 0$ hypersurface (Kerr black hole) or $J \to 0$ hypersurface (RN black black hole) has the same sign as the heat capacity around the phase transition points. The extrinsic curvature also diverges at the phase transition points. The intrinsic curvature of the hypersurfaces diverges at the critical points but has no information about the sign of the heat capacity. Our study explains the consistent relationship holding between the thermodynamic geometry of the KN-AdS black holes and those of the RN and Kerr ones \cite{ref1}. This approach can be easily generalized to an arbitrary thermodynamic system.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Control of Fano resonances and slow light using Bose-Einstein condensates in a nanocavity
Creators: name: Akram, M. Javed
name: Ghafoor, Fazal
name: Khan, M. Miskeen
name: Saif, Farhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, a standing wave in an optical nanocavity with Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) constitutes a one-dimensional optical lattice potential in the presence of a finite two bodies atomic interaction. We report that the interaction of a BEC with a standing field in an optical cavity coherently evolves to exhibit Fano resonances in the output field at the probe frequency. The behavior of the reported resonance shows an excellent compatibility with the original formulation of asymmetric resonance as discovered by Fano [U. Fano, Phys. Rev. 124, 1866 (1961)]. Based on our analytical and numerical results, we find that the Fano resonances and subsequently electromagnetically induced transparency of the probe pulse can be controlled through the intensity of the cavity standing wave field and the strength of the atom-atom interaction in the BEC. In addition, enhancement of the slow light effect by the strength of the atom-atom interaction and its robustness against the condensate fluctuations are realizable using presently available technology.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures
Temperature Dependence of Deep Level Emissions in Multicrystalline Silicon
Creators: name: Olsen, E.
name: Flø, A.S.
name: Mehl, T.
name: Burud, I.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 564-566
description: D-line emissions in silicon have been extensively studied since the 1970s. These emissions consists of 4
defined emission lines with energies in the region 0.83 - 1.00 eV believed to be caused by Shockley-Read-Hallrecombination
through traps in the silicon bandgap. The cause of these traps remain unknown. We have previously reported
that the D-band emission lines may all be caused by different phenomena. In this work we use the temperature dependence
of the lines to study their origins. We see that the emission commonly called the D3 line can be separated into two individual
components based on the temperature where the recombination becomes radiative. The D3 line can be decomposed into a
strongly localized emission becoming radiative at around 150K and a delocalized component becoming radiative at around
100K. The delocalized component always occur together with the D4 line supporting previously published studies indicating
these to be replicas of each other. The studies has been performed by hyperspectral photoluminescence on unpassivated ascut
multicrystalline silicon wafers.
Siloxane-Based Capping Layers for Al2O3 as Silicon-Nitride Replacement in Industrial-Type PERC Solar Cells
Creators: name: Veith-Wolf, B.
name: Wang, J.
name: Hannu-Kuure, M.
name: Chen, N.
name: Hadzic, A.
name: Williams, P.
name: Leivo, J.
name: Karkkainen, A.
name: Schmidt, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 600-602
description: Al2O3 is frequently used as an effective rear-side surface passivation layer in industrial-type screenprinted
PERC silicon solar cells. The Al2O3 layer is typically 5-10 nm thin. In order to protect the thin Al2O3
passivation layer from the Al paste, a capping layer is needed, whereby usually SiNx deposited by plasma-enhanced
chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) is used. In this contribution, we examine a potentially more economical nonvacuum
solution to replace the PECVD-SiNx capping layer, namely, liquid-phase-deposited (LPD) dielectric layers.
These LPD layers have already proven a high thermal stability and a good rear side reflection [1]. In this contribution,
we focus on the thermal stability and the potential as a protection layer between the Al2O3 and the Al-paste. On 1.3
Ωcm p-type FZ-Si wafers, we measure carrier lifetimes up to 4 ms after firing, corresponding to surface
recombination velocities well below 10 cm/s. On metalized samples, we still obtain very high carrier lifetimes up to
1.6 ms, demonstrating the promising potential of the LPD layers as protection layers between the ultrathin Al2O3
passivation layer and the Al-paste. Stacks consisting of Al2O3 and LPD layers are implemented into industrial-type
PERC silicon solar cells achieving efficiencies of up to 19.8%.
NLO predictions for the production of a spin-two particle at the LHC
Creators: name: Das, Goutam
name: Degrande, Celine
name: Hirschi, Valentin
name: Maltoni, Fabio
name: Shao, Hua-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain predictions accurate at the next-to-leading order in QCD for the production of a generic spin-two particle in the most relevant channels at the LHC: production in association with coloured particles (inclusive, one jet, two jets and $t\bar t$), with vector bosons ($Z,W^\pm,γ$) and with the Higgs boson. We present total and differential cross sections as well as branching ratios as a function of the mass and the collision energy also considering the case of non-universal couplings to standard model particles. We find that the next-to-leading order corrections give rise to sizeable $K$ factors for many channels, in some cases exposing the unitarity-violating behaviour of non-universal couplings scenarios, and in general greatly reduce the theoretical uncertainties. Our predictions are publicly available in the MadGraph5\_aMC@NLO framework and can, therefore, be directly used in experimental simulations of spin-two particle production for arbitrary values of the mass and couplings.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table; v2: update references, rewrite the introduction, add mass scanning, remove all 750 GeV references, the model file can be found http://feynrules.irmp.ucl.ac.be/wiki/NLOModels