cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A model for the orientational ordering of the plant microtubule cortical array
Creators: name: Hawkins, Rhoda J.
name: Tindemans, Simon H.
name: Mulder, Bela M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The plant microtubule cortical array is a striking feature of all growing plant cells. It consists of a more or less homogeneously distributed array of highly aligned microtubules connected to the inner side of the plasma membrane and oriented transversely to the cell growth axis. Here we formulate a continuum model to describe the origin of orientational order in such confined arrays of dynamical microtubules. The model is based on recent experimental observations that show that a growing cortical microtubule can interact through angle dependent collisions with pre-existing microtubules that can lead either to co-alignment of the growth, retraction through catastrophe induction or crossing over the encountered microtubule. We identify a single control parameter, which is fully determined by the nucleation rate and intrinsic dynamics of individual microtubules. We solve the model analytically in the stationary isotropic phase, discuss the limits of stability of this isotropic phase, and explicitly solve for the ordered stationary states in a simplified version of the model.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
title: A Comparison of the Salt Hardiness of Barley, Petunia, and Tomato When Grown in Saline and Nonsaline Substrates
Creators: name: Wright, James Louis
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1961

description: The excessive accumulation of salt in the root zone of plants is a problem which is widespread in area, increasing in magnitude, and limiting in its effect upon productivity. Accumulation of salt in the rhizosphere has an effect upon moisture availability for plant use, the nutritional balance of the essential elements, and causes a reduction in plant growth with toxicity often resulting. When plants grow on substrates high in salt, the salt content of the plant also increases. This uptake of salt often results in changes in the morphology of the plant. Accumulation of salt within the plant cells interferes with the protoplasmic activity.
Bipolar resistive switching in amorphous titanium oxide thin films
Creators: name: Jeong, Hu Young
name: Lee, Jeong Yong
name: Ryu, Min-Ki
name: Choi, Sung-Yool
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using isothermal and temperature-dependent electrical measurements, we investigated the resistive switching mechanism of amorphous titanium oxide thin films deposited by a plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition method between two aluminum electrodes. We found a bipolar resistive switching behavior in the high temperature region (> 140 K), and two activation energies of shallow traps, 0.055 eV and 0.126 eV in the ohmic current regime. We also proposed that the bipolar resistive switching of amorphous TiO2 thin films is governed by the transition of conduction mode from a bulk-limited SCLC model (Off state) to an interface-limited Schottky emission (On state), generated by the ionic movement of oxygen vacancies.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
title: Multi-Scale Modeling of Microbial Defection in the Presence of Antibiotics
Creators: name: Nahar, Darshan Dilip
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: Iterative competition between organisms for limited resources gives rise to different social strategies including cooperation. One specific problem in the cooperating but competing species in that cost associated in exhibiting cooperative traits provokes "cheating". Cheaters acquire relatively higher fitness by reaping the benefits of cooperation without contributing towards community beneficial goods. While the relatively fit cheaters can drive the contributors to extinction, the contributors exhibit different strategies to gain preferential benefits of cooperation. The facultative benefit of cooperation to cheaters drives the population to an equilibrium frequency of cooperators and cheaters. Here we develop a multi-scale modeling approach to simulate the dynamics of such cooperation within mixed population of contributors and cheaters. We recursively use genome-scale metabolic models to estimate the fitness of the organism based on the current ecological state. In addition, a series of ordinary differential equations estimate the dynamics of the population and ecological conditions. We use our approach to investigate alternative strategies whereby the cooperating strain may improve its fitness and find that regulation of gene expression is superior to modulation of enzyme activity in our system.
Quasi-harmonic friction induced vibration
Creators: name: Ko, Pak Lim
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The behaviour of the quasi-harmonic type frictional oscillation for steel sliding surfaces was investigated both experimentally and theoretically. The kinetic coefficient of friction, which was expressed as a function of sliding velocity, was represented by a polynomial. The slowly varying amplitude and phase method of Kryloff and Bogoliuboff was used to solve the non-linear differential equation of motion. The calculations were carried out on the computer. The theoretical analysis suggests that the amplitude of the quasi-harmonic oscillation increases almost linearly as the driven surface velocity increases until a critical velocity is reached where the friction-velocity curve begins to flatten out. Beyond this point the oscillation diminishes to zero. Experiments were carried out mainly on unlubricated surfaces at driven surface velocities ranging from 0.5 in/sec to 25 in/sec. The results revealed that for short running distances frictional oscillation of the stick-slip type could occur. Frictional oscillation of the quasi-harmonic type existed in the system when negative slope appeared in the low velocity region of the friction-velocity curve after a run-in period. The growth and decay of the vibration amplitude with variation in driven surface velocity has been observed and this substantiates the findings of the theoretical analysis.
title: Pathway Pioneer: Heterogeneous Server Architecture for Scientific Visualization and Pathway Search in Metabolic Network Using Informed Search
Creators: name: Oswal, Vipul Kantilal
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: There is a huge demand for analysis and visualization of the biological models. PathwayPioneer is a web-based tool to analyze and visually represent complex biological models. PathwayPioneer generates the initial layout of the model and allows users to customize it. It is developed using .net technologies (C#) and hosted on the Internet Information Service (IIS) server. At back-end it interacts with python-based COBRApy library for biological calculations like Flux Balance Analysis (FBA). We have developed a parallel processing architecture to accommodate processing of large models and enable message-based communication between the .net webserver and python engine. We compared the performance of our online system by loading a website with multiple concurrent dummy users and performed different time intensive operations in parallel.
Given two metabolites of interest, millions of pathways can be found between them even in a small metabolic network. Depth First Search or Breadth First search algorithm retrieves all the possible pathways, thereby requiring huge computational time and resources. In Pathway Search using Informed Method, we have implemented, compared, and analyzed three different informed search techniques (Selected Subsystem, Selected Compartment, and Dynamic Search) and traditional exhaustive search technique. We found that the Dynamic approach performs exceedingly well with respect to time and total number of pathways searches. During our implementation we developed a SBML parser which outperforms the commercial libSBML parser in C#.
Noise based on vortex structures in 2D and 3D
Creators: name: Flandoli, Franco
name: Huang, Ruojun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A new noise, based on vortex structures in 2D (point vortices) and 3D (vortex filaments), is introduced. It is defined as the scaling limit of a jump process which explores vortex structures and it can be defined in any domain, also with boundary. The link with Fractional Gaussian Fields and Kraichnan noise is discussed. The vortex noise is finally shown to be suitable for the investigation of the eddy dissipation produced by small scale turbulence.
description: 33 pages
title: An Exploration of Object and Scientific Skills-Based Strategies for Teaching Archaeology in a Museum Setting
Creators: name: Cravins, Candice L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: Archaeologists are increasingly asked to justify the meaning and importance of their work to the public through the development of outreach and education programs. As repositories of culture, museums provide a perfect medium to assist in the promotion of an archaeology that is both relevant and engaging. Many archaeology education programs advocate “doing” or “learning about” archaeology, placing strict emphasis upon stewardship messages and the dangers associated with looting and site destruction. While this approach to teaching makes excellent sense from a modern cultural resource management perspective, it fails to portray archaeology education in any other light.
Archaeology exhibits particular relevance within public schools, whose population holds one of the discipline’s largest, most inclusive captive audiences. This paper explores the most effective strategies for teaching archaeology to third and fourth grade students in the museum. I assess student level of engagement with object- and scientific skills-based activities, and results of a pilot study conducted at the Utah State University Museum of Anthropology indicate a need for more object-based curricula within archaeology education programs. Detailed consideration of archaeology’s relevance to skills developed within the social, physical, and life sciences highlights areas of focus and improvement in current and future programs.
Few-Shot Meta Learning for Recognizing Facial Phenotypes of Genetic Disorders
Creators: name: Sümer, Ömer
name: Hellmann, Fabio
name: Hustinx, Alexander
name: Hsieh, Tzung-Chien
name: André, Elisabeth
name: Krawitz, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computer vision-based methods have valuable use cases in precision medicine, and recognizing facial phenotypes of genetic disorders is one of them. Many genetic disorders are known to affect faces' visual appearance and geometry. Automated classification and similarity retrieval aid physicians in decision-making to diagnose possible genetic conditions as early as possible. Previous work has addressed the problem as a classification problem and used deep learning methods. The challenging issue in practice is the sparse label distribution and huge class imbalances across categories. Furthermore, most disorders have few labeled samples in training sets, making representation learning and generalization essential to acquiring a reliable feature descriptor. In this study, we used a facial recognition model trained on a large corpus of healthy individuals as a pre-task and transferred it to facial phenotype recognition. Furthermore, we created simple baselines of few-shot meta-learning methods to improve our base feature descriptor. Our quantitative results on GestaltMatcher Database show that our CNN baseline surpasses previous works, including GestaltMatcher, and few-shot meta-learning strategies improve retrieval performance in frequent and rare classes.
description: This paper is accepted for publication at MIE 2023 Conference
Azimuthal Modulational Instability of Vortices in the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation
Creators: name: Caplan, R. M.
name: Hoq, Q. E.
name: Carretero-González, R.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the azimuthal modulational instability of vortices with different topological charges, in the focusing two-dimensional nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger (NLS) equation. The method of studying the stability relies on freezing the radial direction in the Lagrangian functional of the NLS in order to form a quasi-one-dimensional azimuthal equation of motion, and then applying a stability analysis in Fourier space of the azimuthal modes. We formulate predictions of growth rates of individual modes and find that vortices are unstable below a critical azimuthal wave number. Steady state vortex solutions are found by first using a variational approach to obtain an asymptotic analytical ansatz, and then using it as an initial condition to a numerical optimization routine. The stability analysis predictions are corroborated by direct numerical simulations of the NLS. We briefly show how to extend the method to encompass nonlocal nonlinearities that tend to stabilize solutions.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, in press for Optics Communications
Poisson multi-Bernoulli mixture filter with general target-generated measurements and arbitrary clutter
Creators: name: García-Fernández, Ángel F.
name: Xia, Yuxuan
name: Svensson, Lennart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper shows that the Poisson multi-Bernoulli mixture (PMBM) density is a multi-target conjugate prior for general target-generated measurement distributions and arbitrary clutter distributions. That is, for this multi-target measurement model and the standard multi-target dynamic model with Poisson birth model, the predicted and filtering densities are PMBMs. We derive the corresponding PMBM filtering recursion. Based on this result, we implement a PMBM filter for point-target measurement models and negative binomial clutter density in which data association hypotheses with high weights are chosen via Gibbs sampling. We also implement an extended target PMBM filter with clutter that is the union of Poisson-distributed clutter and a finite number of independent clutter sources. Simulation results show the benefits of the proposed filters to deal with non-standard clutter.
description: Matlab code available at https://github.com/Agarciafernandez/MTT and https://github.com/yuhsuansia/Extented-target-PMBM-filter-independent-clutter-sources
CYBERSTAND - Third-Party Conformity under the CRA What SMEs need to know
Creators: name: Ángel Moreno Rubio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Standards will be crucial to allow manufacturers knowing how to implement the essential cybersecurity requirements of the Cyber Resilience Act. 

But they won't be useful only to manufacturers, they will also guide market surveillance authorities in enforcing the law, and support Notified Bodies in assessing product compliance.

While many manufacturers, particularly SMEs, may not have previously undergone a third-party conformity assessment, this may change depending on the product category your product will fall in, as well as the risk assessment you will perform as manufacturer.

This session is intended for market operators (especially SMEs), that would like to get started in understanding the process of 3rd party conformity.

This will be a high level introduction following this points:

Introduction to TIC Council. 

Explain what a 3rd party conformity assessment is and its benefits.

Why you might needed one in the context of the CRA.

How are standards relevant for this?
Effects of pressure-induced phase transitions on superconductivity in the single crystal Fe1.02Se
Creators: name: Tissen, V. G.
name: Ponyatovskii, E. G.
name: Nefedova, M. V.
name: Titov, A. N.
name: Fedorenko, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temperature dependence of the ac susceptibility for single-crystalline Fe1.02Se has been measured at high pressures to 6.7 GPa. The superconducting transition temperature Tc displays a large increase from 7 K to 30 K in the two-phase region at 0.5 - 1 GPa. Further increase in pressure results in the decrease of Tc. The destruction of superconductivity near 7 GPa is presumably related to a structural transition from orthorhombic to hexagonal. .
description: added reference, changed content
Axioms for retrodiction: achieving time-reversal symmetry with a prior
Creators: name: Parzygnat, Arthur J.
name: Buscemi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a category-theoretic definition of retrodiction and use it to exhibit a time-reversal symmetry for all quantum channels. We do this by introducing retrodiction families and functors, which capture many intuitive properties that retrodiction should satisfy and are general enough to encompass both classical and quantum theories alike. Classical Bayesian inversion and all rotated and averaged Petz recovery maps define retrodiction families in our sense. However, averaged rotated Petz recovery maps, including the universal recovery map of Junge-Renner-Sutter-Wilde-Winter, do not define retrodiction functors, since they fail to satisfy some compositionality properties. Among all the examples we found of retrodiction families, the original Petz recovery map is the only one that defines a retrodiction functor. In addition, retrodiction functors exhibit an inferential time-reversal symmetry consistent with the standard formulation of quantum theory. The existence of such a retrodiction functor seems to be in stark contrast to the many no-go results on time-reversal symmetry for quantum channels. One of the main reasons is because such works defined time-reversal symmetry on the category of quantum channels alone, whereas we define it on the category of quantum channels and quantum states. This fact further illustrates the importance of a prior in time-reversal symmetry.
title: Statistical Models of the Lambert Road Bridge: Changes in Natural Frequencies Due to Temperature
Creators: name: Foust, Nickolas Ryan
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: Structural health monitoring (SHM) using ambient vibration has become a tool in evaluating and assessing the condition of civil structures. For bridge structures, a vibration-based SHM system uses the dynamic response of a bridge to measure modal parameters. A change in a structure’s modal parameters can indicate a physical change in the system, such as damage or a boundary condition change. These same modal parameters are sensitive to environmental factors, mainly temperature. Statistical models have been utilized to filter out modal parameter changes influenced by temperature and those caused by physical changes. Statistical models also help describe the relationship between modal parameters and environmental conditions.
The Lambert Road Bridge is a concrete integral abutment bridge located south of Sacramento, California, and is studied through this paper. A SHM system has been installed and has been recorded for 3 years. Three months of SHM records will be used to understand how the bridge’s natural frequencies typically change due to temperature.
First, temperature was observed to be the driving force behind many of the SHM records. A linear relationship was found between the structure’s natural frequency and temperature. Collinearities between potential predictor variables were noticed. Initial linear regression analyses were completed with a bridge average temperature. Certain strain gauge regression models were used as “base” models to eliminate other regression models that potentially were altered by aliasing. These base models, and the other seven corresponding models, showed a direct linear relationship between temperature and natural frequency. It was concluded that changes in boundary conditions due to bridge expansion have a greater effect on global dynamic properties than material property changes due to temperature.
Stepwise linear regression followed the initial regression modeling. Eight thermocouple readings were consistently being selected in the stepwise process and were chosen to be the main predictor variables. Due to collinearities among the predictor variables, ridge regression was completed to eliminate any unstable variables. The final six sensors’ locations indicate that longitudinal, transverse, and depth gradients are all important factors in the linear regression models of this relationship.
Comparing the multiple linear regression models to single-variable regression models with the highest averaged adjusted R2 values, a minimum percent difference of 21% and 19% was seen for the first and second natural frequencies, respectively. It was also concluded that these multiple linear regression models explained more of the variability in the natural frequencies and would be a better model to use to filter out temperature effects.
Direct Evidence for Two-Fluid Effects in Molecular Clouds
Creators: name: Tilley, David A.
name: Balsara, Dinshaw S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a combination of theoretical and simulation-based examinations of the role of two-fluid ambipolar drift on molecular line widths. The dissipation provided by ion-neutral interactions can produce a significant difference between the widths of neutral molecules and the widths of ionic species, comparable to the sound speed. We demonstrate that Alfven waves and certain families of magnetosonic waves become strongly damped on scales comparable to the ambipolar diffusion scale. Using the RIEMANN code, we simulate two-fluid turbulence with ionization fractions ranging from 10^{-2} to 10^{-6}. We show that the wave damping causes the power spectrum of the ion velocity to drop below that of the neutral velocity when measured on a relative basis. Following a set of motivational observations by Li & Houde (2008), we produce synthetic line width-size relations that shows a difference between the ion and neutral line widths, illustrating that two-fluid effects can have an observationally detectable role in modifying the MHD turbulence in the clouds.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, submitted to MNRAS
title: Foreign Policy Through Aid: Has United States Assistance Achieved its Foreign Policy Objectives?
Creators: name: Andreasen, Jessica
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: In looking at the history of U.S. aid, three general goals emerge: political stability, increased economic liberalization and expanding influence in the aid receiving country. While the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) has measures in place to assess the success of its aid endeavors, most U.S. aid, in the form of economic and military aid, is largely unevaluated in terms of achieving these broad foreign policy goals. The results of this study suggest that U.S. military and economic aid fail to achieve these three general foreign policy objectives in a sustainable manner. Conducting a regression analysis of U.S. aid indicates that, in the short term, economic aid does succeed in promoting increased economic liberalization, but the concurrent giving of military aid cancels the effect. In the long term, the giving of economic aid supports the stability of a state’s government, but the U.S. will want to assess what other methods might produce similar and more enduring results at less cost.
Tree-level amplitudes from the pure spinor superstring
Creators: name: Mafra, Carlos R.
name: Schlotterer, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a comprehensive review of recent developments on using the pure spinor formalism to compute massless superstring scattering amplitudes at tree level. The main results of the pure spinor computations are placed into the context of related topics including the color-kinematics duality in field theory and the mathematical structure of $α'$-corrections.
description: 196 pp. Invited review for Physics Reports. We welcome the readers' help in spotting typos or technical mistakes. Every correction that is firstly brought to our attention will be rewarded with 20 Euro Cent per numbered equation, to be paid in cash during the next in-person encounter with one of the authors. v2: version accepted for publication in Physics Reports
title: Mothers on the Market: Employer Hiring Practices and Motherhood Penalties
Creators: name: Kiester, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: Recent scholars have identified a phenomenon known as the motherhood wage penalty with research demonstrating that women with children face wage discrepancies beyond those associated with being female. This project adds to our understanding of non-wage-related penalties by investigating two distinct gatekeeping stages: screening and interviewing. I asked do employer hiring practices create barriers to mothers’ access to jobs? To answer this question, I used a novel mixed-methods approach, combining a dual-state audit study with qualitative employer interviews. I framed my study using the status theory of motherhood, which suggests that whenever motherhood is salient in the labor market, mothers will face discrimination. This study is the first of its kind in the field of motherhood and organizational discrimination. In phase one, I completed an audit study in two states: Utah and California. Each week, I applied for 10 jobs in each state using two fictitious applicants for a total of 40 resumes per week. This resulted in 960 applications (480 companies) over a 24-week period. I then randomly selected employers in each state for a total of 27 interviews, allowing me to speak directly with hiring managers regarding their employment practices.
Throughout this project I identified employer bias at both the screening and interviewing stages. This included three key mechanisms: employers’ ideal expectations for their workers, the subjective assessment of both soft skills and family responsibilities, and the employment gap inquiry. Findings also varied by state suggesting that the salience of motherhood may be impacted by larger cultural and policy contexts resulting in varied labor market outcomes.
title: Occurrence and Removal of Ultra-Low Level Hexavalent Chromium in Drinking Water
Creators: name: Olsen, Christel
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: In order to identify hexavalent chromium (Cr6) sources, behavior, and treatability, this thesis has profiled Cr6 in seven full-scale drinking water treatment plants and six distribution systems. Bench-scale jar tests assessed the treatment efficacy of coagulation and developed strategies to remove ultra-low level (0.01- 1.0 ~tg/L) Cr6.
All water sources measured in this project contained dissolved Cr6 greater than or equal to the California Public Health Goal (0.02 ~g/L Cr6). The investigated coagulation plants did not remove Cr6; in fact, four of the seven treatment plants inadvertently added Cr6 to the treated waters. Thirteen types of drinking water treatment chemicals were evaluated as a potential non-water source of chromium. Amongst these, only iron-based coagulants contained trace levels of chromium sufficient to account for the observed increases at the full-scale plants. Other discussed non-water sources include leaching of chromium-bearing infrastructure or oxidation of Cr3. One of the treatment systems showed chlorine oxidized Cr3 to Cr6 and raised the finished concentration, in less than seven hours.
One suggested improvement strategy was to use ferrous iron to reduce and remove Cr6 during coagulation. Bench-scale tests showed ferrous iron and a cationic polymer improved removal of both Cr6 and Total Cr. Chlorine interfered with that reduction. The full-scale test of this reduction-coupled coagulation treatment successfully decreased the finished Cr6 concentration when 40% ferrous iron was used and the point of chlorination was moved downstream from the coagulation process.
Co-induced nano-structures on Si(111) surface
Creators: name: Cui, Yitao
name: Xie, Tian
name: Ye, Mao
name: Kimura, Akio
name: Qiao, Shan
name: Namatame, Hirofumi
name: Taniguchi, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of cobalt atoms with silicon (111) surface has been investigated by means of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED). Besides the Co silicide islands, we have successfully distinguished two inequivalent Co-induced $\sqrt{13}\times\sqrt{13}$ reconstructions on Si (111) surface. Our high-resolution STM images provide some structural properties of the two different $\sqrt{13}\times\sqrt{13}$ derived phases. Both of the two phases seem to form islands with single domain. The new findings will help us to understand the early stage of Co silicide formations.
description: 4pages 4figures
Canonical Formalism in Special Relativity
Creators: name: Piña, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A covariant Hamiltonian description was introduced in the dynamics of charges and electromagnetic interaction. By a canonical transformation this Hamiltonian formalism was transformed to obtain the Dirac generators for any form of relativistic dynamics, as coefficients of a first degree polynomial in the ten translation and rotation velocities of the Poincaré transformation. The Currie's world line conditions were generalized to any form of the dynamics. The explicit relation between the covariant field variables and the more usual 3-dimensional Fourier variables was derived.
description: 19 pages
title: Plant and Animal Performance in Tall Fescue and Tall Fescue/Legume Pastures
Creators: name: Bingham, Troy J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: Tall fescue is the one of most common grasses in irrigated pastures throughout the Intermountain West. Two limitations of tall fescue are a decrease in productivity during hot summer months and the need for supplemental nitrogen (N). The objective of this research was to compare tall fescue-alfalfa (TF+ALF), tall fescue-birdsfoot trefoil (TF+BFT), tall fescue-nitrogen fertilizer (TF+N), and tall fescue without nitrogen fertilizer (TF-N) on forage yield, nutritional quality, and livestock performance. Research plots were established at the Utah State University Pasture Research Facility in Lewiston, UT in 2010 and grazed in 2012 and 2013. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications and divided into four paddocks per replication. Three Angus crossbred steers with an average starting weight of 380 kg were placed on each treatment and rotated to a new paddock every 7 days. A put-and-take method was used throughout the growing season such that each paddock received 80% utilization. Four forage samples were collected from each paddock just prior to grazing using a 0.5 m2 quadrat for determination of dry matter (DM)
and nutrient content. ADF, NDF, IVTD, and TDN were used to estimate nutrient content and steers were weighed every 28 days to determine livestock performance. Forage yield was highest (P
Scaling Law Analysis for Covariance Based Activity Detection in Cooperative Multi-Cell Massive MIMO
Creators: name: Wang, Ziyue
name: Liu, Ya-Feng
name: Wang, Zhaorui
name: Yu, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper studies the covariance based activity detection problem in a multi-cell massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, where the active devices transmit their signature sequences to multiple base stations (BSs), and the BSs cooperatively detect the active devices based on the received signals. The scaling law of covariance based activity detection in the single-cell scenario has been thoroughly analyzed in the literature. This paper aims to analyze the scaling law of covariance based activity detection in the multi-cell massive MIMO system. In particular, this paper shows a quadratic scaling law in the multi-cell system under the assumption that the exponent in the classical path-loss model is greater than 2, which demonstrates that in the multi-cell MIMO system the maximum number of active devices that can be correctly detected in each cell increases quadratically with the length of the signature sequence and decreases logarithmically with the number of cells (as the number of antennas tends to infinity). This paper also characterizes the distribution of the estimation error in the multi-cell scenario.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE ICASSP 2023
title: A Study of the Variability Versus the Assumed Constancy of Manning's n
Creators: name: Allen, Tyler G.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: Quantifying hydraulic roughness coefficients is commonly required in order to calculate flow rate in open channel applications. An assumption typically coupled with the use of Manning’s equation is that a roughness coefficient (n) that is solely dependent upon a boundary roughness characteristic (k) may be applied. Even though Manning reported unique values of n and x’ (the exponent of the hydraulic radius in Manning’s equation) for each of the different boundary roughness materials he tested, he chose x’ = 2/3 as representative, assumed a constant n value, and suggested that it was sufficiently accurate.
More recent studies have suggested that in addition to k; Rh, Se, and Fr can influence n. While research points to situations where n may vary, it is always a temptation to simply apply the constant n assumption especially in the case of more complicated channels such as composite channels where different roughness materials line different parts of a channel cross section.
This study evaluates the behavior of n as a function of Re, Rh, k, So, and Fr for four different boundary roughness materials ranging from smooth to relatively rough in a rectangular tilting flume. The results indicate that for the relatively rough materials n is best described by its relationship with Rh where it varies over a lower range of Rh but approaches and at a point maintains a constant value as Rh increases. The constant value of n is attributed to both the physically smooth boundary materials and a quasi-smooth flow condition in the rougher boundary materials. The study shows that an x’ = 2/3 (the basis of Manning’s equation) correlated to the assumption of a constant n value only applies to smooth boundary roughness materials and a quasi-smooth flow condition in the rougher boundary materials; otherwise, either n or x’ must vary.
These findings are then applied to compare 16 published composite channel relationships. The results identify the importance of applying a varying n where applicable due to the potential for error in assuming and applying a constant n. They also indicate that the more complicated predictive methods do not produce more accurate results than the simpler methods of which the most consistent is the Horton method.
title: Father-Child Play Behaviors and Child Emotion Regulation
Creators: name: Hagman, Amanda
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: This study uses the father-child activation theory, which identifies the father-child relationship as a source for self-regulation learning. Father-child play behaviors during toddlerhood were examined for their contribution to self-regulation skills, specifically emotion regulation and aggression. This study examined father-child play behaviors of emotion amplification, intrusiveness, positive regard, and child emotion regulation seeking in the National Early Head Start (EHS) Evaluation. Fathers who used more emotion amplification at 24 months were less intrusive, showed more positive regard, and had children who sought more emotion regulation at 24 months than fathers who used less emotion amplification. Fathers who were more intrusive during play had children who were less likely to seek emotion regulation with them than fathers of children who were less intrusive. Correlational results indicate gender differences in fathers’ intrusiveness. Children who sought emotion regulation demonstrated greater emotion regulation at 24 and 36 months than children who sought less emotion regulation during play. Furthermore, children with fathers who showed more emotion amplification and positive regard demonstrated better emotion regulation at 36 months. The regression models predicting child emotion regulation at 24 and 36 months accounted for 21% and 22% of the variance, respectively. However, only paternal positive regard and child emotion regulation-seeking during play were significant predictors at 24 months and no pathways were significant in the 36-month model. Regression models predicting child aggression were not significant. Results suggest that father-child play may be an important context for child emotion regulation development in young children.
A Monte Carlo algorithm to measure probabilities of rare events in cluster-cluster aggregation
Creators: name: Dandekar, Rahul
name: Rajesh, R.
name: Subashri, V.
name: Zaboronski, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a biased Monte Carlo algorithm to measure probabilities of rare events in cluster-cluster aggregation for arbitrary collision kernels. Given a trajectory with a fixed number of collisions, the algorithm modifies both the waiting times between collisions, as well as the sequence of collisions, using local moves. We show that the algorithm is ergodic by giving a protocol that transforms an arbitrary trajectory to a standard trajectory using valid Monte Carlo moves. The algorithm can sample rare events with probabilities of the order of $10^{-40}$ and lower. The algorithm's effectiveness in sampling low-probability events is established by showing that the numerical results for the large deviation function of constant-kernel aggregation reproduce the exact results. It is shown that the algorithm can obtain the large deviation functions for other kernels, including gelling ones, as well as the instanton trajectories for atypical times. The dependence of the autocorrelation times, both temporal and configurational, on the different parameters of the algorithm is also characterized.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures
L'espace des sous-groupes fermés de RxZ
Creators: name: Haettel, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22D05; 22B99; 20F65; 57M07

description: The space of closed subgroups of a locally compact topological group is endowed with a natural topology, called the Chabauty topology. We completely describe the space of closed sugroups of the group RxZ, which is not trivial : for example, its fundamental group is uncountable.
description: 21 pages, en francais
Invasive paper wasps have strong cascading effects on the host plant of monarch butterflies
Creators: name: McGruddy, RA
name: Howse, MWF
name: Haywood, John
name: Ward, CJI
name: Staufer, TB
name: Hayek-Williams, M
name: Toft, RJ
name: Lester, Philip
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 50199 Ecological Applications not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Zoology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: The direct and indirect impacts that invasive predators have on communities within their invaded range are poorly understood, particularly in the early stages of invasion. Through top-down control of their prey, predators have the capacity to trigger cascading effects on lower trophic levels. We found the recent arrival of the invasive paper wasp Polistes dominula Christ has been associated with substantial declines in local butterfly abundance in New Zealand. One of the butterfly species we observed to be affected is the monarch, Danaus plexippus Linnaeus with densities reduced by 66% at the study site. Field experiments were conducted to examine the strength of the predation pressure exerted by P. dominula on monarch caterpillars and the cascading effects on milkweed (Gomphocarpus physocarpus E. Mey.) fitness. A survival study of monarch caterpillars was conducted across three habitat types (coastal, forest, and suburban). Caterpillar survival in suburban areas was lowest, with only 45% of caterpillars remaining after just 6 h of exposure to wasp foraging. Predation by P. dominula explained 85% of caterpillar deaths within the trial period. The cascading effects of P. dominula presence were quantified through changes in the height, foliage, and reproductive output of milkweed plants. Monarch caterpillar predation by P. dominula was found to have a positive effect on milkweed fitness. This study demonstrates a strong trophic cascade initiated by an invasive predator. These findings highlight the impacts an invasive species can have on local communities beyond their direct predatory effects.
Bipolar resistive switching characteristics of poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) thin film
Creators: name: Jeong, Hu Young
name: Kim, Jong Yun
name: Yoon, Tae Hyun
name: Choi, Sung-Yool
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the reversible resistive switching of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) thin films sandwiched between Al electrodes. The J-V sweep curve showed a hysteretic behavior which depends on the polarity of the applied voltage bias. From the analysis of I-V curves, it was revealed that the charge transport through the junction was governed by the bulk space-charge-limited conduction (SCLC) model. Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, it was confirmed that the initial high resistance state of PEDOT:PSS films is related with the segregation of PSS- chains induced by redox reaction between a Al metal electrode and PEDOT:PSS film. Positive space charges present on the top region of PEDOT:PSS films can be proposed as a possible trap centers of electron trapping and detrapping process.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Süsinikdioksiidlaseri kasutamine nahakirurgias
Creators: name: Zilkina, Natalja
name: Sarap, Sergei
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2002
Subjects: CO2 -laser, nahakirurgia

description: Nii lasertehnoloogia kui ka spetsiaalne CO2 -laser, mis on mõeldud näooperatsioonideks, on levinud kogu maailmas. Uuringutega on tõestatud, et CO2-laser stimuleerib nahka ja korrastab kollageenikihti. CO2-laserit kasutatakse laialdaselt kosmeetilises kirurgias. Tänapäeva tehnoloogia võimaldab valida optimaalse lõikereþiimi ja kasutada nii lasernuga kui skannerit. Haava paranemine on kiire ja väliste armideta.


Eesti Arst 2002; 81 (12): 795–797
description: Eesti Arst, Detsember 2002
Simultaneous CTEQ-TEA extraction of PDFs and SMEFT parameters from jet and $t{\bar t}$ data
Creators: name: Gao, Jun
name: Gao, MeiSen
name: Hobbs, T. J.
name: Liu, DianYu
name: Shen, XiaoMin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recasting phenomenological Lagrangians in terms of SM effective field theory (SMEFT) provides a valuable means of connecting potential BSM physics at momenta well above the electroweak scale to experimental signatures at lower energies. In this work we jointly fit the Wilson coefficients of SMEFT operators as well as the PDFs in an extension of the CT18 global analysis framework, obtaining self-consistent constraints to possible BSM physics effects. Global fits are boosted with machine-learning techniques in the form of neural networks to ensure efficient scans of the full PDF+SMEFT parameter space. We focus on several operators relevant for top-quark pair and jet production at hadron colliders and obtain constraints on the Wilson coefficients with Lagrange Multiplier scans. We find mild correlations between the extracted Wilson coefficients, PDFs, and other QCD parameters, and see indications that these correlations may become more prominent in future analyses based on data of higher precision. This work serves as a new platform for joint analyses of SM and BSM physics based on the CTEQ-TEA framework.
description: 42 pages, 19 figures
Bronhiaalastma kui väikeste hingamisteede haigus
Creators: name: Vasar, Maire
name: Kivivare, Mari
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2002
Subjects: bronhiaalastma, põletik, väikesed hingamisteed, astma ravi

description: Tänapäeval käsitletakse bronhiaalastmat kui põletikulist haigust, kusjuures põletikuline protsess lokaliseerub nii tsentraalsetes hingamisteedes kui ka väikestes bronhides ja kopsu parenhüümis. Viimastel aastatel tehtud uuringud näitavad, et põletik perifeersetes hingamisteedes on astma patogeneesi tähtsaimaks lüliks, põhjustades väikeste bronhide limaskesta kahjustust ja obstruktsiooni. Seetõttu tuleb astma varajane ravi suunata põletikureaktsiooni pärssimisele kogu hingamisteede ulatuses. Artiklis on tutvustatud lähemalt väikeste hingamisteede funktsionaalse uurimise võimalusi ja uusi ravistrateegiaid astma korral.


Eesti Arst 2002; 81 (12): 804–811
description: Eesti Arst, Detsember 2002
title: Adults With Intellectual Disabilities in a Day Program Setting Using Activity Schedules
Creators: name: Hermansen, Julia A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: Research suggests teaching adults and children with disabilities to follow pictorial cues increases home life skills, vocational skills and on-task behavior. Activity schedules use pictorial cues to prompt individuals to complete behavioral sequences. The purpose of this study was to examine if, after training, adults with intellectual disabilities completed a series of behaviors using an activity schedule. The dependent variable is percent of components completed independently. Three individuals with mild to severe intellectual and physical disabilities receiving services from a private provider day program participated. Each participant used an activity schedule to complete a skill set during training. The results show that, for all participants, an activity schedule increased independently completed steps of the skill set, typing on a computer, as compared to when the activity schedule was not present.