cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The Detection of Potato Cyst Nematode (PCN) Infestation Using Remotely Sensed Imagery
Creators: name: Heath, William Loveland
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2004

description: Potato cyst nematodes (PCN) Globodera pallida Stone and G. rostochiensis (Wollenweber) are economically-important pests which cause significant losses to potato production world-wide. Population control is a major objective of a sustainable management strategy as nematodes are persistent and reproductive rates can be high. Current methods of determining PCN population densities are both expensive and time consuming: an advance on current sampling methods would facilitate the application of precision farming methods to PCN management.

 The potential for using light reflected from the potato canopy as an assay to detect PCN infestation is investigated. Spectral reflectance was measured from the canopy of commercial potato crops, individual plants and single leaves with a field spectrometer, airborne remote sensing and from SPOT and Ikonos satellite images. Comparisons between the reflectance from healthy and infected plants revealed a significant reduction in green (c. 550nm) reflectance from infested plants, and this was consistent across seasons, cultivars and imaging methods. The strongest results were seen early in the crop cycle, although full canopy development is desirable in airborne and satellite image analysis.

 Yield-limiting pathogens are frequently reported as increasing visible reflectance by reducing chlorophyll concentration in the leaves of afflicted plants. The spectral response to PCN infestation is distinct from that from common plant stress factors and a PCN- specifrc detector system is proposed.

 A viable commercial PCN assay would need to be timely, reliable and cost-effective. Whilst aircraft and satellite platforms offer the rapid acquisition of data from large areas, these imaging methods are heavily dependent on weather conditions. Results from data collected using a hand-held chlorophyll meter in this investigation indicate that a closed, or semi-closed imaging system (enclosing or covering the plant canopy) would be suited to the detection of PCN under field conditions and less susceptible to inclement weather.
The effect of in-class study groups on achievement and course completion rates in developmental algebra classes
Creators: name: Ellis, Nancy File
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3901
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy

description: Seven instructors at a suburban community college near a large East Coast city were asked to teach one experimental section of developmental algebra using in-class study groups and a second control section without study groups. Control and experimental groups were compared to determine if there were differences in achievement or in course completion rates. Data from the study was also analyzed separately for traditional and older adult students and for males and females to determine if either age or gender is a factor in the success or lack of success of in-class study groups. There was no statistically significant difference in achievement between control and experimental groups for the group as a whole, for traditional students, for older adult students, or for males or females. Older adult students had a significantly greater residual gain than traditional students regardless of the method employed. Women had a significantly greater residual gain than men in the entire study and in the control group. In the experimental group the differences between men and women were not statistically significant. The group as a whole, traditional students, older adult students, and men had slightly higher completion rates in the experimental classes. In none of these cases, however, was the difference in completion rates statistically significant. Women had virtually identical completion rates in the two types of classes.
The effect of in-class study groups on achievement and course completion rates in developmental algebra classes
Creators: name: Ellis, Nancy File
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Seven instructors at a suburban community college near a large East Coast city were asked to teach one experimental section of developmental algebra using in-class study groups and a second control section without study groups. Control and experimental groups were compared to determine if there were differences in achievement or in course completion rates. Data from the study was also analyzed separately for traditional and older adult students and for males and females to determine if either age or gender is a factor in the success or lack of success of in-class study groups. There was no statistically significant difference in achievement between control and experimental groups for the group as a whole, for traditional students, for older adult students, or for males or females. Older adult students had a significantly greater residual gain than traditional students regardless of the method employed. Women had a significantly greater residual gain than men in the entire study and in the control group. In the experimental group the differences between men and women were not statistically significant. The group as a whole, traditional students, older adult students, and men had slightly higher completion rates in the experimental classes. In none of these cases, however, was the difference in completion rates statistically significant. Women had virtually identical completion rates in the two types of classes.
Nepenthales Bercht. & J.Presl.
Creators: name: Reveal, James L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Nepenthales

description: Nepenthales
 Bercht. & J.Presl, P ř ir. Rostlin: 267. January–April 1820 (Nepenthaceae), predates Dumort., Anal. Fam. Pl.: 14. 1829—Nepenthaceae Dumort. (1829).
description: Published as part of Reveal, James L., 2011, New ordinal names established by changes to the botanical code, pp. 42-44 in Phytotaxa 30 on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.30.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4894455
Asymptotic theory of quantum channel estimation
Creators: name: Zhou, Sisi
name: Jiang, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum Fisher information (QFI), as a function of quantum states, measures the amount of information that a quantum state carries about an unknown parameter. The (entanglement-assisted) QFI of a quantum channel is defined to be the maximum QFI of the output state assuming an entangled input state over a single probe and an ancilla. In quantum metrology, people are interested in calculating the QFI of $N$ identical copies of a quantum channel when $N \rightarrow \infty$, which is called the asymptotic QFI. Over the years, researchers found various types of upper bounds of the asymptotic QFI, but they were proven achievable only in several specific situations. It was known that the asymptotic QFI of an arbitrary quantum channel grows either linearly or quadratically with $N$. Here we show that a simple criterion can determine whether the scaling is linear or quadratic. In both cases, the asymptotic QFI and a quantum error correction protocol to achieve it are computable via a semidefinite program. When the scaling is quadratic, the Heisenberg limit, a feature of noiseless quantum channels, is recovered. When the scaling is linear, we show the asymptotic QFI is still in general larger than $N$ times the single-channel QFI and furthermore, sequential estimation strategies provide no advantage over parallel ones.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures, published version
Existence of Atoms and Molecules in Non-Relativistic Quantum Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Lieb, Elliott H.
name: Loss, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Hamiltonian describing N nonrelativistic electrons with spin, interacting with the quantized radiation field and several fixed nuclei with total charge Z has a ground state when N
description: LaTex file, 40 pages, errors and misprints corrected and references added. This paper will appear in ATMP (Advances in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics)
Nitrariales Bercht. & J.Presl.
Creators: name: Reveal, James L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Nitrariales

description: Nitrariales
 Bercht. & J.Presl, P ř ir. Rostlin: 238. January–April 1820 (Nitrariae), predates Mart., Consp. Regn. Veg.: 52. September–October 1835—Nitrariaceae Lindl. (1830).
description: Published as part of Reveal, James L., 2011, New ordinal names established by changes to the botanical code, pp. 42-44 in Phytotaxa 30 on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.30.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4894455
On the Zappa-Szep Product
Creators: name: Brin, Matthew G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20N02

description: The Zappa-Szep product was developed independently by Guido Zappa and Jeno Szep as a generalization of the semidirect product: in the Zappa-Szep product, neither factor is required to be normal. We explore the basic properties of the product and show that it applies to settings more general than groups. The product is remarkable in that it requires almost no hypotheses to fuction at all and is adaptable to a very large number of situations.
description: 29 pages
Weak localization in multiterminal networks of diffusive wires
Creators: name: Texier, Christophe
name: Montambaux, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum transport through networks of diffusive wires connected to reservoirs in the Landauer-Büttiker formalism. The elements of the conductance matrix are computed by the diagrammatic method. We recover the combination of classical resistances and obtain the weak localization corrections. For arbitrary networks, we show how the cooperon must be properly weighted over the different wires. Its nonlocality is clearly analyzed. We predict a new geometrical effect that may change the sign of the weak localization correction in multiterminal geometries.
description: 4 pages, LaTeX, 4 figures, 8 eps files
The discourse on terrorism: Political violence and the Subcommittee on Security and Terrorism, 1981-1986
Creators: name: Gold-Biss, Michael
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This work is an inquiry into the constitution of a subject and object of analysis: "terrorism." This concept is considered from the vantage point of those who observe, describe, study and, especially, comment on terrorism and through this process constitute the discourse on terrorism. This analysis endeavors to present an alternative understanding of terrorism which is not based solely on the description of its presence or the panacea-like remedies for confronting it. It is premised on the notion of terrorism as an essentially contested concept. An explicitly critical approach to the study of terrorism is advanced here, with the suggestion that most of the literature on terrorism is produced by a coherent group of expert scholars and practitioners comprising a recognizable cabalist community of interpretation. This community and its members present and advocate simplistic conclusions to the problem of political violence in the guise of social-scientific conceptualizations premised, in part, on the confused notion that the formulation and implementation of policy is the practice of politics. The Congressional testimony of experts on terrorism provided to the Subcommittee on Security and Terrorism (SST), Committee on the Judiciary of the United States Senate, active from 1981 to 1986, and chaired by Jeremiah Denton, Republican Senator from Alabama, along with selected contemporary writings on the subject of terrorism by the cabalists is the text examined in this study. This material was selected for analysis primarily because it constitutes a representative and comprehensive, as well as inclusive, text on the discourse on terrorism. The reification of terrorism has significant implications because action is abstracted from the actors who produce/use political violence. As a result of this rhetorical switch, terrorism becomes an occurrence to be confronted, while the actors producing/using violence are subsidiary elements, even pawns at its mercy. Ultimately, the study is a critique of the orthodoxy, understood to be the demonization of armed oppositional violence in the form of terrorism.
The discourse on terrorism: Political violence and the Subcommittee on Security and Terrorism, 1981-1986
Creators: name: Gold-Biss, Michael
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This work is an inquiry into the constitution of a subject and object of analysis: "terrorism." This concept is considered from the vantage point of those who observe, describe, study and, especially, comment on terrorism and through this process constitute the discourse on terrorism. This analysis endeavors to present an alternative understanding of terrorism which is not based solely on the description of its presence or the panacea-like remedies for confronting it. It is premised on the notion of terrorism as an essentially contested concept. An explicitly critical approach to the study of terrorism is advanced here, with the suggestion that most of the literature on terrorism is produced by a coherent group of expert scholars and practitioners comprising a recognizable cabalist community of interpretation. This community and its members present and advocate simplistic conclusions to the problem of political violence in the guise of social-scientific conceptualizations premised, in part, on the confused notion that the formulation and implementation of policy is the practice of politics. The Congressional testimony of experts on terrorism provided to the Subcommittee on Security and Terrorism (SST), Committee on the Judiciary of the United States Senate, active from 1981 to 1986, and chaired by Jeremiah Denton, Republican Senator from Alabama, along with selected contemporary writings on the subject of terrorism by the cabalists is the text examined in this study. This material was selected for analysis primarily because it constitutes a representative and comprehensive, as well as inclusive, text on the discourse on terrorism. The reification of terrorism has significant implications because action is abstracted from the actors who produce/use political violence. As a result of this rhetorical switch, terrorism becomes an occurrence to be confronted, while the actors producing/using violence are subsidiary elements, even pawns at its mercy. Ultimately, the study is a critique of the orthodoxy, understood to be the demonization of armed oppositional violence in the form of terrorism.
Additional file 1 of Healthcare professionals’ perceptions and experiences of using a cold cot following the loss of a baby: a qualitative study in maternity and neonatal units in the UK
Creators: name: Smith, Paula
name: Vasileiou, Konstantina
name: Jordan, Abbie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Interview Schedule.
Charge Disproportionation and Spin Ordering Tendencies in Na(x)CoO2
Creators: name: Lee, K. -W.
name: Kunes, J.
name: Pickett, W. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strength and effect of Coulomb correlations in the (superconducting when hydrated) x~1/3 and ``enhanced'' x~2/3 regimes of Na(x)CoO2 are evaluated using the correlated band theory LDA+U method. Our results, neglecting quantum fluctuations, are: (1) allowing only ferromagnetic order, there is a critical U_c = 3 eV, above which charge disproportionation occurs for both x=1/3 and x=2/3, (2) allowing antiferromagnetic order at x=1/3, U_c drops to 1 eV for disproportionation, (3) disproportionation and gap opening occur simultaneously, (4) in a Co(3+)-Co(4+) ordered state, antiferromagnetic coupling is favored over ferromagnetic, while below U_c ferromagnetism is favored. Comparison of the calculated Fermi level density of states compared to reported linear specific heat coefficients indicates enhancement of the order of five for x~0.7, but negligible enhancement for x~0.3. This trend is consistent with strong magnetic behavior and local moments (Curie-Weiss susceptibility) for x>0.5 while there no magnetic behavior or local moments reported for x<0.5. We suggest that the phase diagram is characterized by a crossover from effective single-band character with U >> W for x>0.5 into a three-band regime for x<0.5, where U --> U_eff <= U/\sqrt(3) ~ W and correlation effects are substantially reduced.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, corrected a few typos and changed references
Renewable Energy – Implications for Agriculture and Rural Development in Poland
Energetyka odnawialna – implikacje dla rolnictwa i rozwoju obszarów wiejskich w Polsce
Creators: name: Bańkowska, Katarzyna
name: Gradziuk, Piotr
name: Bańkowska, Katarzyna
name: Gradziuk, Piotr
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: renewable energy
subject: rural development
subject: biofuels

description: Due to their quantitative and qualitative potential, rural areas participate to a significant degree in the achievement of the indicative targets resulting from the climatic package. Thanks to the production of biomass and, increasingly often, energy itself during the 2005–2014 period, the share of RES (renewable energy sources) in the production of primary energy grew twofold from 5.8% to 12.1%. Biomass was the main source, but since 2010 the use of wind and sun in the production of energy has been growing rapidly. Given that the costs of alternative sources for energy production (mainly electricity) are considerably higher than in case of using raw fuels, the development of this market depends on the amount of subsidies. The system applied in Poland is widely criticized because it favours large hydroelectric power plants and co-combustion, which arouses considerable environmental, technical, market and strategic controversies. Maintaining the current support system could therefore have significant implications for the structure of the market, because it is not conducive to the development of energy, based on the initiative of citizens and their communities. It remains untapped economic potential also in industrial policy and services and, in particular, in case of RES small- and micro-installations.
Classifying Peace in Global Media Using RAG and Intergroup Reciprocity
Creators: name: Lian, K.
name: Liebovitch, L. S.
name: Wild, M.
name: West, H.
name: Coleman, P. T.
name: Chen, F.
name: Kimani, E.
name: Sieck, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2
subject: 68T05

description: This paper presents a novel approach to identifying insights of peace in global media using a Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) model and concepts of Positive and Negative Intergroup Reciprocity (PIR/NIR). By refining the definitions of PIR and NIR, we offer a more accurate and meaningful analysis of intergroup relations as represented in media articles. Our methodology provides insights into the dynamics that contribute to or detract from peace at a national level.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
The putative binding site and SAR rationalization of small molecules against glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor using homology model and crystal structures: a comparative study
Creators: name: Thamaraiselvan, Venkateshwaran
name: Velayutham, Ravichandiran
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is involved in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and weight regulating actions through the activation of the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R). Clinical effectiveness of GLP-1 mimetics is effective in improving glucose control in patients. Thus, identifying and developing orally active small-molecule agonists are highly desirable. This study summarizes the structure-function relationship of hGLP-1R through computational approaches and search of small molecule GLP-1R agonists. We carried out mutation guided data-driven study, for developing the GLP-1R model to explore and validate the putative site for quinoxaline analogues. The developed GLP-1R homology model was subjected to 500 ns MD simulation for validation. Various snapshots were considered to identify the best structure of GLP-1R based on correlation between experimental pEC50 and various theoretical parameters (docking score, MM-GBSA ΔG bind, WM/MM ΔG bind). The putative binding site (Sitemap and WaterMap has been predicted and it matched well with the available data. Excellent correlation (R2 =0.94), between pEC50 and WM/MM ΔG bind for the snapshot at 350 ns was observed after including induced-fit docking results of the most potent molecule. Enrichment calculation indicates better AUC (=0.75) for predicted complex structure. A comparison of the developed GLP-1R model with the available crystal structure shows excellent similarities and it was used for virtual screening to find small molecule agonists. The good correlation of our model with crystal structures of GLP-1R may help to understand the structure-function relationship of other secretin families. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Vacancy-induced suppression of CDW order and its impact on magnetic order in kagome antiferromagnet FeGe
Creators: name: Klemm, Mason L.
name: Siddique, Saif
name: Chang, Yuan-Chun
name: Xu, Sijie
name: Xie, Yaofeng
name: Legvold, Tanner
name: Kiani, Mehrdad T.
name: Ye, Feng
name: Cao, Huibo
name: Hao, Yiqing
name: Tian, Wei
name: Luetkens, Hubertus
name: Matsuda, Masaaki
name: Natelson, Douglas
name: Guguchia, Zurab
name: Huang, Chien-Lung
name: Yi, Ming
name: Cha, Judy J.
name: Dai, Pengcheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) kagome lattice metals are interesting because they display flat electronic bands, Dirac points, Van Hove singularities, and can have interplay between charge density wave (CDW), magnetic order, and superconductivity. In kagome lattice antiferromagnet FeGe, a short-range CDW order was found deep within an antiferromagnetically ordered state, interacting with the magnetic order. Surprisingly, post-growth annealing of FeGe at 560$^{\circ}$C can suppress the CDW order while annealing at 320$^{\circ}$C induces a long-range CDW order, with the ability to cycle between the states repeatedly by annealing. Here we perform transport, neutron scattering, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and muon spin rotation ($μ$SR) experiments to unveil the microscopic mechanism of the annealing process and its impact on magneto-transport, CDW, and magnetic properties of FeGe. We find that 560$^{\circ}$C annealing creates germanium vacancies uniformly distributed throughout the FeGe kagome lattice, which prevent the formation of Ge-Ge dimers necessary for the CDW order. Upon annealing at 320$^{\circ}$C, the system segregates into stoichiometric FeGe regions with long-range CDW order and regions with stacking faults that act as nucleation sites for the CDW. The presence or absence of CDW order greatly affects the anomalous Hall effect, incommensurate magnetic order, and spin-lattice coupling in FeGe, thus placing FeGe as the only known kagome lattice material with a tunable CDW and magnetic order, potentially useful for sensing and information transmission.
South Campus Stormwater Detention Facility : Final Design Report
Creators: name: Cheng, Erick
name: Minosky, Luke
name: Law, Jacky
name: Veillard, Josh
name: Wong, Stephenie
name: Xiang, Liming
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The purpose of this report is to present a detailed design solution for controlling and eliminating flood damage at vulnerable locations in University of British Columbia (UBC). Through hydraulic modeling data, it has been shown that UBC currently does not have adequate infrastructure to manage extreme flood events; in particular, the South Campus may experience extensive flood damage such as property damage, riparian habitat deterioration, cliff erosion, and ultimately cliff failure. The design process consists of an overview of regulatory guidelines, technical standards, and stormwater model simulation results to identify requirements and constraints of the detailed design. The design solution is comprised of two separate stormwater management systems located at Hampton Place and Southwest (SW) Marine Drive. The selected design for both systems is underground, pre-cast concrete stormwater detention tanks connected to the existing stormwater system using gravity mains. This report discusses the design configuration, elevation profiles of storm mains, and the structural and hydraulic capacity of the design. The proposed storm mains are designed based on the locations of the existing stormwater infrastructure and requirements defined by the UBC Technical Guidelines, including velocity and slope restrictions. The reinforced concrete tanks are sized to withstand lateral and surface loading. Finally, the target design lives of the facilities are determined based on the estimated lifetime of facility components, maintenance requirements, and the probability that it will be in use. Several iterations were undertaken to ensure the final design is an optimal solution, meeting all identified requirements. At the Hampton Place facility, stormwater will enter the 1,200 cubic metre detention facility to prevent flooding and protect emergency services in the case of a storm. At the SW Marine Drive facility, a large volume of flooding is anticipated, hence the detention facility has a storage capacity of 3,226 cubic metres. Stormwater collected from an existing storm main running along Wesbrook Mall will be diverted into this facility. When the rainfall intensity decreases, the water will gradually be released back into an existing storm main, eliminating flooding while minimizing pollution. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Osmundales Bercht. & J.Presl.
Creators: name: Reveal, James L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Osmundales

description: Osmundales
 Bercht. & J.Presl, P ř ir. Rostlin: 272. January–April 1820 (Osmundaceae), predates Link, Hort. Berol. 2: 138. July–December 1833—Osmundaceae Martinov (1820).
description: Published as part of Reveal, James L., 2011, New ordinal names established by changes to the botanical code, pp. 42-44 in Phytotaxa 30 on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.30.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4894455
Many-body approach to proton emission and the role of spectroscopic factors
Creators: name: Al-Khalili, Jim
name: Barbieri, Carlo
name: Escher, Jutta
name: Jennings, Byron K.
name: Sparenberg, Jean-Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The process of proton emission from nuclei is studied by utilizing the two-potential approach of Gurvitz and Kalbermann in the context of the full many-body problem. A time-dependent approach is used for calculating the decay width. Starting from an initial many-body quasi-stationary state, we employ the Feshbach projection operator approach and reduce the formalism to an effective one-body problem. We show that the decay width can be expressed in terms of a one-body matrix element multiplied by a normalization factor. We demonstrate that the traditional interpretation of this normalization as the square root of a spectroscopic factor is only valid for one particular choice of projection operator. This causes no problem for the calculation of the decay width in a consistent microscopic approach, but it leads to ambiguities in the interpretation of experimental results. In particular, spectroscopic factors extracted from a comparison of the measured decay width with a calculated single-particle width may be affected.
description: 17 pages, Revtex
Noise-expansion cascade: an origin of randomness of turbulence
Creators: name: Liao, Shijun
name: Qin, Shijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Randomness is one of the most important characteristics of turbulence, but its origin remains an open question. By means of a ``thought experiment'' via several clean numerical experiments based on the Navier-Stokes equations for two-dimensional turbulent Kolmogorov flow, we reveal a new phenomenon, which we call the ``noise-expansion cascade'' whereby all micro-level noises/disturbances at different orders of magnitudes in the initial condition of Navier-Stokes equations enlarge consistently, say, one by one like an inverse cascade, to macro-level. More importantly, each noise/disturbance input may greatly change the macro-level characteristics and statistics of the resulting turbulence, clearly indicating that micro-level noise/disturbance might have great influence on macro-level characteristics and statistics of turbulence. Besides, the noise-expansion cascade closely connects randomness of micro-level noise/disturbance and macro-level disorder of turbulence, thus revealing an origin of randomness of turbulence. This also highly suggests that unavoidable thermal fluctuations must be considered when simulating turbulence, even if such fluctuations are several orders of magnitudes smaller than other external environmental disturbances. Hopefully, the ``noise-expansion cascade'' as a fundamental property of the NS equations could greatly deepen our understandings about turbulence, and besides is helpful for attacking the fourth millennium problem posed by Clay Mathematics Institute in 2000.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures. Accepted by Journal of Fluid Mechanics
Prunales Bercht. & J.Presl.
Creators: name: Reveal, James L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Prunales

description: Prunales
 Bercht. & J.Presl, P ř ir. Rostlin: 230. January–April 1820 (Prunaceae)—Prunaceae Martinov (1820).
description: Published as part of Reveal, James L., 2011, New ordinal names established by changes to the botanical code, pp. 42-44 in Phytotaxa 30 on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.30.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4894455
Polypodiales Bercht. & J.Presl.
Creators: name: Reveal, James L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Polypodiales

description: Polypodiales
 Bercht. & J.Presl, P ř ir. Rostlin: 272. January–April 1820 (Polypodiaceae), predates Link, Hort. Berol. 2: 5. July–December 1833—Polypodiaceae J.Presl & C.Presl (1822).
description: Published as part of Reveal, James L., 2011, New ordinal names established by changes to the botanical code, pp. 42-44 in Phytotaxa 30 on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.30.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4894455
Quenching from superfluid to free bosons in two dimensions: entanglement, symmetries, and quantum Mpemba effect
Creators: name: Yamashika, Shion
name: Calabrese, Pasquale
name: Ares, Filiberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the non-equilibrium dynamics of bosons in a two-dimensional optical lattice after a sudden quench from the superfluid phase to the free-boson regime. The initial superfluid state is described approximately using both the Bogoliubov theory and the Gaussian variational principle. The subsequent time evolution remains Gaussian, and we compare the results from each approximation of the initial state by examining different aspects of the dynamics. First, we analyze the entanglement entropy and observe that, in both cases, it increases linearly with time before reaching a saturation point. This behavior is attributed to the propagation of entangled pairs of quantum depletions in the superfluid state. Next, we explore the fate of particle-number symmetry, which is spontaneously broken in the superfluid phase. To do so, we use the entanglement asymmetry, a recently introduced observable that enables us to track symmetry breaking within a subsystem. We observe that its evolution varies qualitatively depending on the theory used to describe the initial state. However, in both cases, the symmetry remains broken and is never restored in the stationary state. Finally, we assess the time it takes to reach the stationary state by evaluating the quantum fidelity between the stationary reduced density matrix and the time-evolved one. Interestingly, within the Gaussian variational principle, we find that an initial state further from the stationary state can relax more quickly than one closer to it, indicating the presence of the recently discovered quantum Mpemba effect. We derive the microscopic conditions necessary for this effect to occur and demonstrate that these conditions are never met in the Bogoliubov theory.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures
Targeting the 3CLpro and RdRp of SARS-CoV-2 with phytochemicals from medicinal plants of the Andean Region: molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Mosquera-Yuqui, Francisco
name: Lopez-Guerra, Nicolas
name: Moncayo-Palacio, Eduardo A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Given the highly contagious nature of SARS-CoV-2, it has resulted in an unprecedented number of COVID-19 infected and dead people worldwide. Since there is currently no vaccine available in the market, the identification of potential drugs is urgently needed to control the pandemic. In this study, 92 phytochemicals from medicinal plants growing in the Andean region were screened against SARS-CoV-2 3 C-like protease (3CLpro) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) in their active sites through molecular docking. The cutoff values were set from the lowest docking scores of the FDA-approved drugs that are being used to treat COVID-19 patients (remdesivir, lopinavir, and ritonavir). Compounds with docking scores that were lower than cutoff values were validated by molecular dynamics simulation with GROMACS, using root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), radius of gyration (Rg), and intermolecular hydrogen bonds (H-bonds). Furthermore, binding free energies were estimated using the MM-PBSA method, and ADMET profiles of potential inhibitors were assessed. Computational analyses revealed that the interaction with hesperidin (theoretical binding energies, ΔGbind = −15.18 kcal/mol to 3CLpro and ΔGbind = −9.46 kcal/mol to RdRp) remained stable in both enzymes, unveiling its remarkable potential as a possible multitarget antiviral agent to treat COVID-19. Importantly, lupinifolin with an estimated binding affinity to 3CLpro higher than hesperidin (ΔGbind = −20.93 kcal/mol) is also a potential inhibitor of the 3CLpro. These two compounds displayed suitable pharmacological and structural properties to be drug candidates, demonstrating to be worthy of further research. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Quercales Bercht. & J.Presl.
Creators: name: Reveal, James L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Quercales

description: Quercales
 Bercht. & J.Presl, P ř ir. Rostlin: 228. January–April 1820 (Quercinae), predates Burnett, Outl. Bot.: 523, 1090, 1141. February 1835—Quercaceae Martinov (1820).
description: Published as part of Reveal, James L., 2011, New ordinal names established by changes to the botanical code, pp. 42-44 in Phytotaxa 30 on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.30.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4894455
Conservation Agriculture, Gendered Impacts on Households Livelihood Outcomes in Zambia
Creators: name: Zulu-Mbata, O.
name: Zulu-Mbata, O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: In light of climate change, new technologies resilient to climatic variability have been promoted along the years among smallholder farmers. Conservation Agriculture (CA) is one such technology, which has been promoted since the 1990 s in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, as with any new technology, various factors affect adoption and ultimately the impact of the technology of which gender is one such factor. Both female and male smallholder farmers are faced with numerous constraints to access productive resources, more so for female farmers, resulting in limited adoption capability, which in turn reduces the impact that these technologies have on their livelihood. Using nationally representative data the study examines the gendered impacts of CA on livelihood outcomes - household income, crop income, crop diversification, and dietary diversity. Results show that CA adoption improves a household s level of dietary diversity and crop diversification. However, the impact of CA on these livelihood outcomes reduces if the household is female headed or the farmer (male or female) is in a female headed household. Therefore, promotion of CA should take into account the gender differences at household level and within the household, as well as female farmer s access to productive resources. Keywords: Conservation Agriculture, Gender, Impact, Zambia Acknowledgement : The Indaba Agricultural Policy Research Institute (IAPRI) is a non-profit company limited by guarantee that collaboratively works with public and private stakeholders. IAPRI exists to carry out agricultural policy research and outreach, serving the agricultural sector in Zambia so as to contribute to sustainable, pro-poor agricultural development. We wish to acknowledge the Financial and Substantive support of the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA), the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and the European Union 11th EDF programming in Lusaka.
The tendency toward oligopoly in the meat packing industry
Creators: name: Hogeland, Julie Ann
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: Rising concentration levels in the meat packing industry have triggered alarm among livestock producers seeking markets for their cattle. Similar high levels of concentration prevailed at the turn of the century when the "Big Four," Armour, Swift, Cudahy, and Wilson, dominated meat packing. The Big Four built their market power based on the innovation of the refrigerated rail car, supplanting shipments of live animals. Poor markets led the Big Four to create a vertically integrated system of livestock procurement, slaughter, warehousing, and merchandising, tied together by rail transport. During the 20th century, the development of local markets and refrigerated trucks cast the Big Four into the Neoclassical role of declining dominant firms. In the mid-1960s, entrants expanded the concept of the refrigerated rail car into "boxed beef," giving them the basis for lowering price-cost margins to capture market share from other packers. This process, triggered by a revolutionary innovation, restructures competitive industries into oligopolies, according to political economist Josef Steindl. Time series analysis explaining concentration levels and price-cost margins over the 1950-1987 period supports the hypothesis that the industry went through both a declining dominant firm phase and a subsequent concentrating phase based on decreasing price-cost margins. The concentrating stage of the meatpacking industry could culminate in another phase of declining dominant firms, largely due to the industry's persistent overcapacity, which Steindl thought would be eliminated during concentration. Overcapacity has led the current oligopolists, the "Big Three," IBP, ConAgra, and Cargill, to horizontally and vertically integrate, paralleling the Big Four. The interplay between vertical integration and the growth and decline of markets is thus a crucial dimension underlying shifts in industry structure, a factor not considered by Steindl. Consequently, industries may be vulnerable to recurrent phases of concentration, deconcentration, and reconcentration, rather than culminating in the entrenched and stagnant oligopolistic state Steindl termed "mature capitalism.".
The role of Centrality in Preventing Free Trade of Processed Agricultural Goods under Imperfect Competition
Creators: name: May, D.
name: McCorriston, S.
name: May, D.
name: McCorriston, S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Most trade in food and agricultural products involves processed food. We take this observation as our starting point to address why trade in food and agricultural products has been difficult to achieve. Drawing on recent developments in the theory of networks, we allow for the role of intermediaries with potential market power and where the bias of trade policy may reflect special interests. We draw on recent developments in the theory of networks to show that global free trade in food and agricultural markets is unlikely when there are countries occupying a central position in the network independently of any policy bias. Acknowledgement :
Additional file 2 of Characterization of Cystoisospora suis sexual stages in vitro
Creators: name: Feix, Anna Sophia
name: Cruz-Bustos, Teresa
name: Ruttkowski, Bärbel
name: Joachim, Anja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Reporting of significant results from statistical analyses from Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7.
Rural Development Policies and Conditional Cash Transfers in Brazil: An Impact Evaluation of the IFAD-Supported Gavi o Project and Potential Synergies with Bolsa Fam lia
Creators: name: Costa, L.V.
name: Helfand, S.
name: Souza, A.P.
name: Costa, L.V.
name: Helfand, S.
name: Souza, A.P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Public policies frequently are implemented simultaneously rather than in isolation. We seek to estimate the impacts and possible synergies of a rural development project (Pro-Gavi o) and the Brazilian conditional cash transfer program (Bolsa Fam lia). In partnership with the State Government of Bahia, Pro-Gavi o was an IFAD supported rural development project in 13 contiguous municipalities between 1997 and 2005. Census tract level data were extracted for the analysis from the 1995-96 and 2006 Agricultural Censuses. The evaluation uses Propensity Score Matching to construct a control group of untreated census tracts, and a difference-in-differences estimation to identify impacts. The outcomes analyzed include land productivity, agricultural income and child labor. Although Pro-Gavi o involved significant investments in the region, the results suggest little if any program impact, or synergies between the two programs. Alternative explanations for the null results are discussed. Acknowledgement : We thank the IFAD/Uniandes project on conditional cash transfers and rural development in Latin America for financial support of this research, CNPq and Capes for financial support of Costa s dissertation research, Fernanda de Alc ntara Viana who was responsible for the field work in Bahia, and IBGE for access to the Agricultural Census microdata. The views expressed are solely those of the authors.
On construction of universal twist element from $R$-matrix
Creators: name: Stolin, A. A.
name: Kulish, P. P.
name: Damaskinsky, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method to construct the universal twist element using the constant quasiclassical unitary matrix solution of the Yang - Baxter equation is proposed. The method is applied to few known $R$ -matrices, corresponding to Lie (super) algebras of rank one.
description: 14 pages, Latex2e, no figures
The tendency toward oligopoly in the meat packing industry
Creators: name: Hogeland, Julie Ann
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Rising concentration levels in the meat packing industry have triggered alarm among livestock producers seeking markets for their cattle. Similar high levels of concentration prevailed at the turn of the century when the "Big Four," Armour, Swift, Cudahy, and Wilson, dominated meat packing. The Big Four built their market power based on the innovation of the refrigerated rail car, supplanting shipments of live animals. Poor markets led the Big Four to create a vertically integrated system of livestock procurement, slaughter, warehousing, and merchandising, tied together by rail transport. During the 20th century, the development of local markets and refrigerated trucks cast the Big Four into the Neoclassical role of declining dominant firms. In the mid-1960s, entrants expanded the concept of the refrigerated rail car into "boxed beef," giving them the basis for lowering price-cost margins to capture market share from other packers. This process, triggered by a revolutionary innovation, restructures competitive industries into oligopolies, according to political economist Josef Steindl. Time series analysis explaining concentration levels and price-cost margins over the 1950-1987 period supports the hypothesis that the industry went through both a declining dominant firm phase and a subsequent concentrating phase based on decreasing price-cost margins. The concentrating stage of the meatpacking industry could culminate in another phase of declining dominant firms, largely due to the industry's persistent overcapacity, which Steindl thought would be eliminated during concentration. Overcapacity has led the current oligopolists, the "Big Three," IBP, ConAgra, and Cargill, to horizontally and vertically integrate, paralleling the Big Four. The interplay between vertical integration and the growth and decline of markets is thus a crucial dimension underlying shifts in industry structure, a factor not considered by Steindl. Consequently, industries may be vulnerable to recurrent phases of concentration, deconcentration, and reconcentration, rather than culminating in the entrenched and stagnant oligopolistic state Steindl termed "mature capitalism.".