cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: "No-Men in This No-Man's Land": British State, Nation and Political Enemy in John le Carré's 1960s and 1970s Cold-War Novels
Creators: name: Manning, Toby
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2015

description: This thesis examines John le Carre’s 1960s and 1970s Cold-War novels in their historical context, and devotes a chapter each to: Call for the Dead (1961), The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (1963), The Looking Glass War (1965), Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy (1974), The Honourable Schoolboy (1977) and Smiley’s People (1979). The thesis argues, contra the critical and popular consensus, that far from being ‘neutral’ representations of Cold War politics, these novels give expression to a powerful liberal-national ideology. The thesis breaks down into three themes. First, le Carre’s representation of the British state is scrutinised via the intelligence services. Although le Carre’s novels have been interpreted as anti-establishment, close historicist analysis discloses a contradictory affirmation of the British establishment. The state is decried and disavowed by the novels’ protagonists for its bureaucracy, inefficiency and expedient morality, but this is a distraction from these protagonists’ actions’ defence and reassertion of the state. Second, le Carre’s representation of the British nation is examined wherein the discursive field of ‘nation’ provides insight into who and what was being fought for in the Cold War. These projections of British nationality, of a neutral ‘way of life’, also expose anxieties about British post-war social reconstruction, British Empire and British decline. The books constitute a reassertion of a conservative British nationalism, probing but ultimately reaffirming traditional class hierarchies and British ‘decency’ both at home and abroad. Thirdly, le Carre’s representation of Communism, the West’s political enemy, is analysed, offering insight into the tactical and ideological British anti-Communist effort during the Cold War. Communism is presented as an existential threat to the British society but without any clear ideological motive being revealed. In these novels a trenchant anti-Communism disproves critical claims that le Carre’s work proposes moral equivalence between East and West.
Non-Markovian Effects on the Two-Dimensional Magnetotransport: Low-field Anomaly in Magnetoresistance
Creators: name: Cheianov, Vadim V.
name: Dmitriev, A. P.
name: Kachorovskii, V. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss classical magnetotransport in a two-dimensional system with strong scatterers. Even in the limit of very low field, when $ω_c τ\ll 1$ ($ω_c$ is the cyclotron frequency, $τ$ is the scattering time) such a system demonstrates strong negative magnetoresistance caused by non-Markovian memory effects. A regular method for the calculation of non-Markovian corrections to the Drude conductivity is presented. A quantitative theory of the recently discovered anomalous low-field magnetoresistance is developed for the system of two-dimensional electrons scattered by hard disks of radius $a,$ randomly distributed with concentration $n.$ For small magnetic fields the magentoresistance is found to be parabolic and inversely proportional to the gas parameter, $ δρ_{xx}/ρ\sim - (ω_c τ)^2 / n a^2.$ In some interval of magnetic fields the magnetoresistance is shown to be linear $δρ_{xx}/ρ\sim - ω_c τ$ in a good agreement with the experiment and numerical simulations. Magnetoresistance saturates for $ω_c τ\gg na^2$, when the anomalous memory effects are totally destroyed by the magnetic field. We also discuss magnetotransport at very low fields and show that at such fields magnetoresistance is determined by the trajectories having a long Lyapunov region.
description: 22 pages, 16 figures
Research of interaction processes of fast and thermal neutrons with solution of methyl orange organic dye
Creators: name: Gokov, Sergey P.
name: Kazarinov, Yuri G.
name: Kalenik, Sergiy A.
name: Kasilov, Valentin Y.
name: Malykhina, Tetiana V.
name: Rudychev, Yegor V.
name: Tsiatsko, Vitaliy V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The processes of neutron fluxes interaction with an aqueous solution of methyl orange organic dye have been investigated. The work was carried out on a LINAC LUE-300 at NSC KIPT. A set of tungsten plates was used as a neutron-generating target. The electron energy was 15 MeV, the average current was 20 mkA. The samples were located behind the lead shield and without it, with and without a moderator. Using the Geant4 toolkit for this experiment, neutron fluxes and their energy spectra were calculated at the location of experimental samples without a moderator and with a moderator of different thickness (1-5 cm). An analysis of the experimental results showed that when objects without lead shielding and without a moderator are irradiated, the dye molecules are completely destroyed. In the presence of lead protection, 10% destruction of the dye molecules was observed. When a five-centimeter polyethylene moderator was installed behind the lead shield, the destruction of dye molecules without boric acid on thermal neutrons was practically not observed. When the fluxes of thermal and epithermal neutrons interacted with a dye solution containing 4% boric acid, 30% destruction of dye molecules was observed due to the exothermic reaction 10B (n, a). The research has shown that solutions of organic dyes are a good material for creating detectors for recording fluxes of thermal and epithermal neutrons. Such detectors can be used for radioecological monitoring of the environment, in nuclear power engineering and nuclear medicine, and in the field of neutron capture therapy research in particular.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
The salience of nonlinearities in the boreal winter response to ENSO : north Pacific and North America
Creators: name: Garfinkel, Chaim I.
name: Weinberger, Israel
name: White, Ian P.
name: Oman, Luke D.
name: Aquila, Valentina
name: Lim, Young-Kwon
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 37
subject: Earth sciences

description: The prominence of nonlinearities in the response to El Niño as compared to La Niña, to moderate El Niño events as compared to extreme El Ninño events, and to different flavors of El Niño events, are analyzed using the NASA Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry-Climate Model. In the Central North Pacific region where the sea level pressure response to El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) peaks, nonlinearities are relatively muted. In contrast, changes to the east of this region (i.e. the far-Northeastern Pacific) and to the north of this region (over Alaska) in response to different ENSO phases are more clearly nonlinear, and become statistically robust after more than 15 events are considered. The relative prominence of these nonlinearities is related to the zonal wavenumber of the tropical precipitation response. Associated with these nonlinearities over the far-Northeastern Pacific are nonlinearities in precipitation over Western United States and surface temperature over Northwest North America and Midwestern United States. In all regions at least 15 events of each type are necessary before nonlinearities can be identified as statistically significant at the 95% confidence level due to the presence of internal atmospheric variability. As there have only been a similar number of ENSO events to the total needed for significance since 1920, it is not surprising that it has been difficult to establish statistically significant nonlinearities using observational data.
Dimensional reduction on a sphere
Creators: name: Moller, Gunnar
name: Matveenko, Sergey
name: Ouvry, Stephane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of the dimensional reduction of two-dimensional (2d) quantum models on a sphere to one-dimensional (1d) models on a circle is adressed. A possible application is to look at a relation between the 2d anyon model and the 1d Calogero-Sutherland model, which would allow for a better understanding of the connection between 2d anyon exchange statistics and Haldane exclusion statistics. The latter is realized microscopically in the 2d LLL anyon model and in the 1d Calogero model. In a harmonic well of strength ωor on a circle of radius R - both parameters ωand R have to be viewed as long distance regulators - the Calogero spectrum is discrete. It is well known that by confining the anyon model in a 2d harmonic well and projecting it on a particular basis of the harmonic well eigenstates, one obtains the Calogero-Moser model. It is then natural to consider the anyon model on a sphere of radius R and look for a possible dimensional reduction to the Calogero-Sutherland model on a circle of the same radius. First, the free one-body case is considered, where a mapping from the 2d sphere to the 1d chiral circle is established by projection on a special class of spherical harmonics. Second, the N-body interacting anyon model is considered : it happens that the standard anyon model on the sphere is not adequate for dimensional reduction. One is thus lead to define a new spherical anyon-like model deduced from the Aharonov-Bohm problem on the sphere where each flux line pierces the sphere at one point and exits it at its antipode.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Induced Gravity from Theory Space
Creators: name: Kan, Nahomi
name: Shiraishi, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass spectrum of a model constructed in a theory space is expressed by eigenvalues of the Laplacian on the graph structure of the theory space. The nature of the one-loop UV divergence in the vacuum energy is then controlled only by the degree matrix of the graph. Using these facts, we can construct models of induced gravity which do not suffer from divergences at the one-loop level.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, RevTeX4
Biotechnology, Prospects for Development in Emerging Economies
Creators: name: Pilgrim Dottin, Malachy
name: Pilgrim Dottin, Malachy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy
International Development

description: Throughout history, innovation has driven progress and helped people address the problem of the age. This progress has not been achieved without pain and controversy, at times war and famine and pestilence thwart our best endeavors. Despite setbacks, people throughout the world continue to strive to understand the natural world, to pursue truth and beauty, and to create a better world for themselves and their children. Science has a role to play in all these pursuits. However, the very power of the new discoveries in the biological sciences raises fears that these discoveries will not be used wisely. Many believe that they will: • Accelerate the destruction of the natural environment, • Damage human health • Concentrate too much power in the hands of a few global companies • Widen the gap between the rich and the poor, within and between nations. The task of the scholars of today is to analyze where Plant Biotechnology can lead to technical innovation and how these can be used wisely: • To improve agriculture productivity, • To conserve nature resources, • To create wealth especially for poor people in developing countries. Powerful tools provided by Biotechnology in recent years have had a profound impact on the food and agriculture sector worldwide. Innovation, production and processing methods have revolutionized many traditional systems, and the world's capacity to generate food products for its growing population has evolved at an unprecedented rate. These developments have naturally been accompanied by radical changes in economic forces and social organization as well as in management of the earth's productive resources. Our very relationship with nature has been overturned by technological advances that enable us not only to determine genetic improvement through selective breeding but also to modify living organisms and create novel genetic combinations in the quest for stronger and more productive plants animals and fish. Understanding such developments invariably give rise to controversy, and arguments for and against their implementation tend to be intense and emotionally-charged. CAES:
Null wave front as Ryu-Takayanagi surface
Creators: name: Tsujimura, Jun
name: Nambu, Yasusada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ryu-Takayanagi formula provides the entanglement entropy of quantum field theory as an area of the minimal surface (Ryu-Takayangi surface) in a corresponding gravity theory. There are some attempts to understand the formula as a flow rather than as a surface. In this paper, we propose that null rays emitted from the AdS boundary can be regarded as such a flow. In particular, we show that in spherical symmetric static spacetimes with a negative cosmological constant, wave fronts of null geodesics from a point on the AdS boundary become extremal surfaces and therefore they can be regarded as the Ryu-Takayanagi surfaces. In addition, based on the viewpoint of flow, we propose a wave optical formula to calculate the holographic entanglement entropy.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
A Model with Propagating Spinons beyond One Dimension
Creators: name: Smirnov, F. A.
name: Tsvelik, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the model of frustrated spin-1/2 Heisenberg magnet described in A. A. Nersesyan and A. M. Tsvelik, (Phys. Rev. B{\bf 67}, 024422 (2003)) we calculate correlation functions of staggered magnetization and dimerization. The model is formulated as a collection of antiferromagnetic chains weakly coupled by a frustrated exchange interaction. The calculation done for the case of four chains demonstrates that these functions do not vanish. Since the correlation functions in question factorize into a product of correlation functions of spinon creation and annihilation operators, this constitutes a proof that spinons in this model propagate in the direction perpendicular to the chains.
description: revised version to appear in Phys. Rev B., 8 pages, a reference added
Farmers' Markets in the Dominican Republic: Producers' Characteristics and Perspectives
Creators: name: Eley, Michelle L.
name: Allen-Smith, Joyce E.
name: Eley, Michelle L.
name: Allen-Smith, Joyce E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy
International Development

description: In the United States, direct marketing of farm products through farmers' markets is an important sales outlet for farmers with small- to medium-sized operations. However, in the Dominican Republic, most farmers' markets are operated by intermediaries (middle men), which limits the effectiveness of the farmers' markets as a rural economic development tool. With technical and financial support from the United States, four markets operated by farmers were established in 1999. One of the markets has ceased operating which emphasizes the importance of studying market structure and the perceptions of farmers and consumers regarding these markets. This study uses survey data to analyze the socio-economic characteristics of farmers participating in these markets, their rationale for participating, level of sales, operating characteristics and problems experienced in participating in the markets. The findings reveal that most of the farmers are small-scale producers (averaging 2 hectares) and that the farmers' markets account fora relatively large proportion of their sales. In fact, the majority of the farmers (82%) reported that they receive at least half of their total agricultural sales from farmers' markets. They also receive higher prices from direct sales to consumers at the farmers' markets versus sales to intermediaries. However, lack of credit for farmers is one problem that limits the effectiveness of the markets as a rural development strategy. The research identifies changes that are needed to ensure the sustainability of the markets, as well as, meet the needs of small farm operators.
Should Tariff Reductions be Announced? An Intertemporal Computable General Equilibrium Analysis
Creators: name: Malakellis, Michael
name: Malakellis, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: industry protection
subject: tariffs
subject: allocative efficiency
subject: comparative-dynamic simulation
subject: computable general equilibrium model
subject: labour market adjustment
subject: timing issues

description: In this paper the macro and structural implications of three alternative tariff-reduction strategies are examined. Under the first strategy,which is similar to that adopted in Australia in 1973, the tariff cut is implemented without warning. The second strategy is consistent with the current approach of phasing in tariff cuts according to a previously announced schedule. Under the third strategy the tariff cut is implemented several years after it is announced. We find that the long-run effects of the alternative tariff reduction strategies are similar, but that the adjustment paths are not. Our results suggest that if tariffs are to be reduced then it is preferable to implement the policy without warning. The results emphasise the point that the sooner tariffs are reduced the soonerwill the allocative efficiency gains from doing so be realised.
The salience of nonlinearities in the boreal winter response to ENSO : north Pacific and North America
Creators: name: Garfinkel, Chaim I.
name: Weinberger, Israel
name: White, Ian P.
name: Oman, Luke D.
name: Aquila, Valentina
name: Lim, Young-Kwon
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The prominence of nonlinearities in the response to El Niño as compared to La Niña, to moderate El Niño events as compared to extreme El Ninño events, and to different flavors of El Niño events, are analyzed using the NASA Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry-Climate Model. In the Central North Pacific region where the sea level pressure response to El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) peaks, nonlinearities are relatively muted. In contrast, changes to the east of this region (i.e. the far-Northeastern Pacific) and to the north of this region (over Alaska) in response to different ENSO phases are more clearly nonlinear, and become statistically robust after more than 15 events are considered. The relative prominence of these nonlinearities is related to the zonal wavenumber of the tropical precipitation response. Associated with these nonlinearities over the far-Northeastern Pacific are nonlinearities in precipitation over Western United States and surface temperature over Northwest North America and Midwestern United States. In all regions at least 15 events of each type are necessary before nonlinearities can be identified as statistically significant at the 95% confidence level due to the presence of internal atmospheric variability. As there have only been a similar number of ENSO events to the total needed for significance since 1920, it is not surprising that it has been difficult to establish statistically significant nonlinearities using observational data.
title: Marching Towards Civvy Street: Exploring Liminality and Gendered Identities Among Ex-Military Personnel
Creators: name: Micklewright, Caroline
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2016

description: This research will explore processes of identity construction and liminality in women and men who are in the process of leaving the Royal Air Force. Individuals who are in the process of leaving the RAF have been interviewed in order to explore liminal themes as they adapt their perception of identity during transition from the military, a recognised masculine organisation, to Civvy Street. Using narrative analysis military identity and gender will be explored to further understanding of liminality and the long term effects of a total institution.
Global Attention based Graph Convolutional Neural Networks for Improved Materials Property Prediction
Creators: name: Louis, Steph-Yves
name: Zhao, Yong
name: Nasiri, Alireza
name: Wong, Xiran
name: Song, Yuqi
name: Liu, Fei
name: Hu, Jianjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning (ML) methods have gained increasing popularity in exploring and developing new materials. More specifically, graph neural network (GNN) has been applied in predicting material properties. In this work, we develop a novel model, GATGNN, for predicting inorganic material properties based on graph neural networks composed of multiple graph-attention layers (GAT) and a global attention layer. Through the application of the GAT layers, our model can efficiently learn the complex bonds shared among the atoms within each atom's local neighborhood. Subsequently, the global attention layer provides the weight coefficients of each atom in the inorganic crystal material which are used to considerably improve our model's performance. Notably, with the development of our GATGNN model, we show that our method is able to both outperform the previous models' predictions and provide insight into the crystallization of the material.
description: 11 pages. 5 figures
THE NESTED BINARY CES COMPOSITE PRODUCTION FUNCTION: CRTS with different (but constant) pair-wise elasticities of substitution among three factors
Creators: name: Powell, Alan A.
name: Rimmer, Maureen T.
name: Powell, Alan A.
name: Rimmer, Maureen T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The policy debate on global warming has raised the prospect of large taxes on Greenhouse pollutants leading to a very substantial rise in the price of energy. Models in which output is produced according to a technology in which capital (K), labour (L) and energy (E) are substitutable run into the difficulty of how to allow parsimoniously for the higher likely substitutability between K and E than between L and E. Nesting all three factors in a single CES aggregator function is unsatisfactory because of the constancy over pairs of factors of partial substitution elasticities. This paper is a variation on the CES theme. It presents a new composite three-input production function (based on CES and Leontief components) which allows the partial substitution elasticities between capital and labour, capital and energy, and between labour and energy, to differ but to remain individually constant.
Forecasting and Policy Analysis with a Dynamic CGE Model of Australia
Creators: name: Dixon, Peter B.
name: Rimmer, Maureen T.
name: Dixon, Peter B.
name: Rimmer, Maureen T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: CGE model
subject: forecasting
subject: policy analysis
subject: MONASH model
subject: automobile industry
subject: adjustment costs

description: The main ideas in this paper are: • that CGE models can be used in forecasting; and • that forecasts matter for policy analysis. We demonstrate these ideas by describing an application of MONASH, a dynamic CGE model of Australia, to the Australian motor vehicle industry over the period 1987 to 2016. The key to generating believable forecasts is to use detailed information available from expert groups specializing in the analysis of different aspects of the economy. In MONASH we incorporate forecasts by specialists: on the domestic macro economy; on Australian economic policy; on world commodity markets; on international tourism; on production technologies; and on consumer preferences. We have found that CGE forecasts incorporating such specialist information are readily saleable to public and private organizations concerned with investment, employment, training and education issues. This is partly because the economywide consistency guaranteed by the CGE approach enables users of economic intelligence to see the disparate forecasts dealing with different parts and aspects of the economy within an integrated perspective. Over the last thirty five years, CGE models have been used almost exclusively as aids to "what if' (usually policy) analysis. In almost all cases it has been assumed that the effects of the shock under consideration are independent of the future path of the economy. Thus, for "what if" analysis, a common implicit view is that realistic basecase forecasts are unnecessary. Contrary to this view, we find that "what if" answers depend significantly on the basecase forecasts. This is not surprising when we are concerned with unemployment and other adjustment costs. However, we find that basecase forecasts are critical even when our concern is the longrun welfare implications of a policy change. For example, we find that the simulated long-run effects of a tariff cut on imported cars are strongly influenced by the basecase forecast of the rate of technical progress in the car industry relative to that in other industries.
Additional file 8 of Myeloproliferative neoplasm-driving Calr frameshift promotes the development of pulmonary hypertension in mice
Creators: name: Minakawa, Keiji
name: Yokokawa, Tetsuro
name: Ueda, Koki
name: Nakajima, Osamu
name: Tomofumi Misaka
name: Kimishima, Yusuke
name: Wada, Kento
name: Tomita, Yusuke
name: Miura, Saori
name: Sato, Yuka
name: Mimura, Kosaku
name: Sugimoto, Koichi
name: Nakazato, Kazuhiko
name: Nollet, Kenneth E.
name: Kazuei Ogawa
name: Ikezoe, Takayuki
name: Hashimoto, Yuko
name: Yasuchika Takeishi
name: Ikeda, Kazuhiko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 8. Table S2: Oligonucleotides used in this study.
Mathematical model, numerical methods, additional experiments. from Optimizing adaptive cancer therapy: dynamic programming and evolutionary game theory
Creators: name: Gluzman, Mark
name: Scott, Jacob G.
name: Vladimirsky, Alexander
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Recent clinical trials have shown that adaptive drug therapies can be more efficient than a standard cancer treatment based on a continuous use of Maximum Tolerated Doses (MTD). The adaptive therapy paradigm is not based on a preset schedule; instead, the doses are administered based on the current state of tumour. But the adaptive treatment policies examined so far have been largely ad hoc. We propose a method for systematically optimizing adaptive policies based on an Evolutionary Game Theory model of cancer dynamics. Given a set of treatment objectives, we use the framework of dynamic programming to find the optimal treatment strategies. In particular, we optimize the total drug usage and time to recovery by solving a Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation. We compare MTD-based treatment strategy with optimal adaptive treatment policies and show that the latter can significantly decrease the total amount of drugs prescribed while also increasing the fraction of initial tumour states from which the recovery is possible. We conclude that the use of optimal control theory to improve adaptive policies is a promising concept in cancer treatment and should be integrated into clinical trial design.
Generating synthetic mobility data for a realistic population with RNNs to improve utility and privacy
Creators: name: Berke, Alex
name: Doorley, Ronan
name: Larson, Kent
name: Moro, Esteban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Location data collected from mobile devices represent mobility behaviors at individual and societal levels. These data have important applications ranging from transportation planning to epidemic modeling. However, issues must be overcome to best serve these use cases: The data often represent a limited sample of the population and use of the data jeopardizes privacy. To address these issues, we present and evaluate a system for generating synthetic mobility data using a deep recurrent neural network (RNN) which is trained on real location data. The system takes a population distribution as input and generates mobility traces for a corresponding synthetic population. Related generative approaches have not solved the challenges of capturing both the patterns and variability in individuals' mobility behaviors over longer time periods, while also balancing the generation of realistic data with privacy. Our system leverages RNNs' ability to generate complex and novel sequences while retaining patterns from training data. Also, the model introduces randomness used to calibrate the variation between the synthetic and real data at the individual level. This is to both capture variability in human mobility, and protect user privacy. Location based services (LBS) data from more than 22,700 mobile devices were used in an experimental evaluation across utility and privacy metrics. We show the generated mobility data retain the characteristics of the real data, while varying from the real data at the individual level, and where this amount of variation matches the variation within the real data.
description: 10 pages. Extended version. Shorter version in The 37th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC '22)
THE EFFECTS OF CURRENT FISCAL RESTRAINT ON THE AUSTRALIAN ECONOMY: An Applied General Equilibrium Analysis with Imperfect Competition
Creators: name: Abayasiri-Silva, Kaludura
name: Horridge, Mark
name: Abayasiri-Silva, Kaludura
name: Horridge, Mark
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Financial Economics

description: The objective of this paper is to examine the short run and long run effects of the reduction of government expenditure on the Australian economy using an applied general equilibrium model, which incorporates economies of scale and impediect competition. The paper describes a 23-sector computable general equilibrium model of the Australian economy, and covers short-run as well as long-run profitmaximising behaviour of the firm. Economies of scale are incorporated in the model at the industry level and the firm level. The pricing behaviour is modelled as perfectly competitive, monopolistically competitive and in other ad hoc ways, as in Harris (1984). The different assumptions about technology, pricing behaviour and firm entry are combined in various ways to produce a variety of scenarios in our simulations. We present results for three different types of non-competitive regime and compare these with results generated by a traditional version of the same model.
An intelligence led approach to addressing cyber fraud : proactive fraud auditing
Creators: name: Petrie, Elizabeth
name: Evans, Casey
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 35
subject: Commerce, management, tourism and services
classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences

description: It is estimated the global cost of cybercrime will grow to US$2 trillion by 2019. With more than 6 billion devices connected to comprise the Internet of Things the attack surface is growing for cyber fraud, one of the many types of cybercrimes. As more companies digitise the way they conduct business there is more data than ever before available to be stolen and monetised. At the same time, adoption of the internet continues to rapidly increase globally, adding more users for hackers to target. There has also been a sharp increase in the availability and advancement of cyber attack tools online, such as the sale of zero day vulnerabilities, the discovery of which more than doubled in 2015. Such explosive growth in cybercriminal activity demands a new approach to defending against it or companies may be faced with the difficult decision to go out of business if suffering a cyber attack that can cause bankruptcy, either through theft of funds, destruction of data or irreparable damage to reputation. Traditional network defense approaches have been one dimensional, relying on technology as the gate keeper, however the adversary today is not only advanced and persistent but highly adaptable, constantly learning how to overcome defensive measures. As a result organisations must also adapt, using an intelligence led approach to prepare for and defend against such attacks instead of constantly reacting to them.
THE ECONOMY-WIDE IMPACT OF BETTER GOVERNANCE: Cutting Informal Taxes in Indonesia
Creators: name: Ginting, Edimon
name: Powell, Alan A.
name: Ginting, Edimon
name: Powell, Alan A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Financial Economics
International Development
Public Economics

description: In some developing economies the costs of meeting informal taxes (corruption of various sorts) have been put as high as 30 percent of the market value of output in some industries. Current political reform in Indonesia raises the prospect of a substantial fall in such costs. To assess the consequences for Indonesia's international competitiveness and national welfare requires the development and use of an applied general equilibrium model which explicitly recognises the existence of non-official imposts and the substantial (but socially wasteful) economic activity expended in attempting to reduce them. ORANI-RSA is such a model, recently developed for this purpose. In short- and longrun simulations the nominal rate at which informal taxes are levied is halved and the response of the economy determined. Not unexpectedly, competitiveness and the trade account improve sub§tantially (with a 2 percent short-run fall in the real foreigncurrency cost of the Rupiah). Indonesian welfare also improves. The only industry to decline is the service providing sector (corresponding roughly to the bureaucrats who supply intermediation between legitimate producers and the corrupt members of the power elite). The reform causes a fall in income from corruption, while redistributive effects via differential consumption patterns reinforce the improvement in the trade balance.
The apple shouldn't fall far from the tree : extending local food purchasing
Creators: name: Wan, Ashley
name: Joshi, Gita
name: Sawicz, Bianka
name: Montgomery, Adrienne
name: Chan, Juliana
name: Fynn, Mark
name: Soto, Marybel
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: It is evident that disconnection between people and their food is increasing; however, public support for local food initiatives is growing continually. One such initiative, the University of British Columbia Food System Project (UBCFSP), strives to relocalise the UBC food system through its collaboration with various partners and stakeholders, such as UBC Food Services (UBCFS) and the Alma Mater Society Food and Beverage Department (AMSFBD). Relocalisation is not only integral to all aspects of sustainability, but also is critical to any community’s food security. As a microcosm of Canada, UBC has the potential to change perspectives by using the UBCFSP to provide positive evidence that relocalisation is feasible, thus reinforcing UBC’s role as a worldwide leader in sustainability. Scenario One of the UBCFSP focused on “Extending Local Food Purchasing.” Our group focused on local produce, as suggested by Dorothy Yip (UBCFS) and Nancy Toogood (AMSFBD). The primary concerns expressed by UBCFS and AMSFBD regarding relocalisation were adequate volumes and availability, followed by quality and price. We investigated five possibilities: new distributors, the UBC Farm, a food cooperative, current distributors, and Small Potatoes Urban Delivery (SPUD). To acquire pertinent information, we conducted face-to-face, email, and telephone interviews with partners, distributors, producers and other stakeholders. Numerous barriers arising for the first three possibilities include: inadequate and/or inconsistent volumes, availability, and quality; as well as concerns with distribution methods, purchasing procedures, and exclusivity contracts. As a result, the direction of this project shifted from a focus on the UBC Farm, to investigating local food purchasing through current UBCFS and AMSFBD distributors: Allied Foods and Central Foods, respectively. The interest expressed by these distributors regarding providing more local produce warrants further investigation by future colleagues. Correspondence with SPUD, which is currently expanding into corporate deliveries, should continue in order for us to assess potential collaboration with the UBC Food System Project. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Additional file 9 of Myeloproliferative neoplasm-driving Calr frameshift promotes the development of pulmonary hypertension in mice
Creators: name: Minakawa, Keiji
name: Yokokawa, Tetsuro
name: Ueda, Koki
name: Nakajima, Osamu
name: Tomofumi Misaka
name: Kimishima, Yusuke
name: Wada, Kento
name: Tomita, Yusuke
name: Miura, Saori
name: Sato, Yuka
name: Mimura, Kosaku
name: Sugimoto, Koichi
name: Nakazato, Kazuhiko
name: Nollet, Kenneth E.
name: Kazuei Ogawa
name: Ikezoe, Takayuki
name: Hashimoto, Yuko
name: Yasuchika Takeishi
name: Ikeda, Kazuhiko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 9. Table S3: Antibodies used in this study.
Additional file 1 of Evidence of past forest fragmentation in the Congo Basin from the phylogeography of a shade-tolerant tree with limited seed dispersal: Scorodophloeus zenkeri (Fabaceae, Detarioideae)
Creators: name: Abeele, Samuel Vanden
name: Janssens, Steven B.
name: Piñeiro, Rosalía
name: Hardy, Olivier J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 1. Additional figures and tables.
An intelligence led approach to addressing cyber fraud : proactive fraud auditing
Creators: name: Petrie, Elizabeth
name: Evans, Casey
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: It is estimated the global cost of cybercrime will grow to US$2 trillion by 2019. With more than 6 billion devices connected to comprise the Internet of Things the attack surface is growing for cyber fraud, one of the many types of cybercrimes. As more companies digitise the way they conduct business there is more data than ever before available to be stolen and monetised. At the same time, adoption of the internet continues to rapidly increase globally, adding more users for hackers to target. There has also been a sharp increase in the availability and advancement of cyber attack tools online, such as the sale of zero day vulnerabilities, the discovery of which more than doubled in 2015. Such explosive growth in cybercriminal activity demands a new approach to defending against it or companies may be faced with the difficult decision to go out of business if suffering a cyber attack that can cause bankruptcy, either through theft of funds, destruction of data or irreparable damage to reputation. Traditional network defense approaches have been one dimensional, relying on technology as the gate keeper, however the adversary today is not only advanced and persistent but highly adaptable, constantly learning how to overcome defensive measures. As a result organisations must also adapt, using an intelligence led approach to prepare for and defend against such attacks instead of constantly reacting to them.
Unified Field Multiplier for ECC: Inherent Resistance against Horizontal SCA Attacks
Creators: name: Kabin, Ievgen
name: Dyka, Zoya
name: Kreiser, Dan
name: Langendoerfer, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we introduce a unified field multiplier for the EC kP operation in two different types of Galois fields. The most important contributions of this paper are that the multiplier is based on the 4-segment Karatsuba multiplication method and that it is inherent resistant against selected horizontal attacks.
description: Author's version accepted for DTIS-2018; the final publication is available at https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8368560
Data Rescue Workflow Model (initial version)
Creators: name: Patterton, Louise
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: This item comprises a workflow summary, and figures representing the nine stages forming the initial Data Rescue Workflow Model. This is the initial version of the model and was superceded by the (i) revised version of the model and the (ii) recommended version of the model. This initial version of the model should be viewed as an early draft only, and is not the recommended workflow model to be used when rescuing data.
The Use of the ORANI Model in the Immigration Debate
Creators: name: Peter, Matthew W.
name: Peter, Matthew W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Since 1985, a number of influential studies on the economic effects of immigration have been based on the ORANI model of the Australian economy (eg Baker-CEDA, 1985: CIE-CAAIP, 1988: CIEBIR, 1990). The results have generally been interpreted as showing that the economic effects of immigration are favourable. Critics of the use of ORANI argue that the model's results are too dependent on assumptions built into the model or imposed for particular experiments. This paper considers the influence of the assumptions on the results in the studies and reports results from simulations with alternative assumptions.
Energy Taxes and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Australia
Creators: name: McDougall, R. A.
name: McDougall, R. A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: A feature of recent policy discussion both in Australia and overseas has been a heightened interest in energy taxes and fuel taxes of various kinds. These taxes have been advocated on various grounds, notably their role in discouraging greenhouse gas emissions. At the same time, at least in Australia, greenhouse policy discussion has been redirected more towards small-scale sector-specific interventions, and away from economy-wide measures such as a carbon tax. In this context it becomes of interest to ask, how effective might an energy tax be in reducing carbon emissions? Here we use the term energy tax to mean fossil fuel taxes excluding carbon taxes. A carbon tax is levied on carbon dioxide emissions or some closely related basis, while an energy tax is levied on some other basis such as energy content. The paper presents simulation results designed to address these questions. The simulations are performed using the ORANI model of the Australian economy, in a version containing several energy-specific enhancements. These include greater detail on energy production and use in the database, and a wider range of substitution possibilities in energy production and use in the theoretical structure. The database enhancements include extensive disaggregation of the two largest parts of the energy sector, fossil fuels and electricity. The theoretical developments cover substitution between energy and capital, between different sources of energy, between different techniques of generating electricity, and between different modes of transport. We fmd that a broad-based energy tax would be comparable in effectiveness to a carbon tax in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This is because like the carbon tax it would bear heavily on the cheaper fossil fuels and would induce emission abatement through fuel switching. Taxes such as a petroleum products tax which excluded the cheaper fossil fuels would be much less effective.
Crystal growth rates in supercooled atomic liquid mixtures
Creators: name: Schottelius, Alexander
name: Mambretti, Francesco
name: Kalinin, Anton
name: Beyersdorff, Björn
name: Rothkirch, Andre
name: Goy, Claudia
name: Müller, Jan
name: Petridis, Nikolaos
name: Ritzer, Maurizio
name: Trinter, Florian
name: Fernández, José M.
name: Ezquerra, Tiberio A.
name: Galli, Davide E.
name: Grisenti, Robert E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystallization is a fundamental process in materials science, providing the primary route for the realization of a wide range of new materials. Crystallization rates are also considered to be useful probes of glass-forming ability. At the microscopic level, crystallization is described by the classical crystal nucleation and growth theories, yet in general solid formation is a far more complex process. In particular, the observation of apparently different crystal growth regimes in many binary liquid mixtures greatly challenges our understanding of crystallization. Here, we study by experiments, theory and computer simulations the crystallization of supercooled mixtures of argon and krypton, showing that crystal growth rates in these systems can be reconciled with existing crystal growth models only by explicitly accounting for the non-ideality of the mixtures. Our results highlight the importance of thermodynamic aspects in describing the crystal growth kinetics, providing a substantial step towards a more sophisticated theory of crystal growth.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures