cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Study of Prompt Emission Mechanisms in Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Baring, Matthew G.
name: Braby, Matthew L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The principal paradigm for the prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts invokes diffusive acceleration at shocks internal to the dynamic ultrarelativistic outflow. This paper explores expectations for burst emission spectra arising from shock acceleration theory in the limit of particles cooling much slower than their acceleration. Parametric fits to burst spectra obtained by the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (CGRO) are explored for the cases of the synchrotron, inverse Compton and synchrotron self-Compton radiation mechanisms, using a linear combination of thermal and non-thermal electron populations. These fits demand that the preponderance of electrons that are responsible for the prompt emission reside in an intrinsically non-thermal population, strongly contrasting particle distributions obtained from acceleration simulations. This implies a potential conflict for acceleration scenarios where the non-thermal electrons are drawn directly from a thermal gas. It is also found that the CGRO data preclude effective spectroscopic discrimination between the synchrotron and inverse Compton mechanisms. This situation may be resolved with future missions probing gamma-ray bursts, namely Swift and GLAST. However, the synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) spectrum is characteristically too broad near the $νF_ν$ peak to viably account for bursts such as GRB 910601, GRB 910814 and GRB 990123. It is concluded that the SSC mechanism may be generally incompatible with differential burst spectra steeper than around $E^{-2.5}$ above the peak, unless the synchrotron component is strongly self-absorbed.
description: 17 pages, 4 embedded figures, apjgalley format, To appear in The Astrophysical Journal, Vol 613, September 20, 2004 issue
Suppression of the Higgs Dimuon Decay
Creators: name: Ferreira, P. M.
name: Sher, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is often stated that elimination of tree-level flavor-changing neutral currents in multi-Higgs models requires that all fermions of a given charge to couple to the same Higgs boson. A counterexample was provided by Abe, Sato and Yagyu in a muon-specific two-Higgs doublet model with a softly-broken $Z_4$ symmetry. In this model, all fermions except the muon couple to one Higgs and the muon couples to the other. We study the phenomenology of the model and show that there is a wide range of parameter-space in which the branching ratios of the 125 GeV Higgs are very close to their Standard Model values, with the exception of the branching ratio into muons, which can be substantially suppressed -- this is an interesting possibility, since the current value of this branching ratio is $0.5 \pm 0.7$ times the Standard Model value. We also study the charged Higgs boson and show that, if it is lighter than $200$ GeV, it could have a large branching ratio into $μν$ - even substantially larger than the usual decay into $τν$. The decays of the heavy neutral scalars are also studied. The model does have a relationship between the branching ratios of the 125 GeV Higgs into $Z$'s, $τ$'s and $μ$'s, which can be tested in future accelerators.
description: DiHiggs section added
Entanglement as precondition for secure quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Curty, Marcos
name: Lewenstein, Maciej
name: Lütkenhaus, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that a necessary precondition for unconditionally secure quantum key distribution is that sender and receiver can use the available measurement results to prove the presence of entanglement in a quantum state that is effectively distributed between them. One can thus systematically search for entanglement using the class of entanglement witness operators that can be constructed from the observed data. We apply such analysis to two well-known quantum key distribution protocols, namely the 4-state protocol and the 6-state protocol. As a special case, we show that, for some asymmetric error patterns, the presence of entanglement can be proven even for error rates above 25% (4-state protocol) and 33% (6-state protocol).
description: 5 pages
Analysis of Magnetic Vortex Dissipation in Sn-Segregated Boundaries in Nb$_3$Sn Superconducting RF Cavities
Creators: name: Carlson, Jared
name: Pack, Alden
name: Transtrum, Mark K.
name: Lee, Jaeyel
name: Seidman, David N.
name: Liarte, Danilo B.
name: Sitaraman, Nathan
name: Senanian, Alen
name: Kelley, Michelle
name: Sethna, James P.
name: Arias, Tomas
name: Posen, Sam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study mechanisms of vortex nucleation in Nb$_3$Sn Superconducting RF (SRF) cavities using a combination of experimental, theoretical, and computational methods. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) image and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) of some Nb$_3$Sn cavities show Sn segregation at grain boundaries in Nb$_3$Sn with Sn concentration as high as $\sim$35 at.\% and widths $\sim$3 nm in chemical composition. Using ab initio calculations, we estimate the effect excess tin has on the local superconducting properties of the material. We model Sn segregation as a lowering of the local critical temperature. We then use time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory to understand the role of segregation on magnetic vortex nucleation. Our simulations indicate that the grain boundaries act as both nucleation sites for vortex penetration and pinning sites for vortices after nucleation. Depending on the magnitude of the applied field, vortices may remain pinned in the grain boundary or penetrate the grain itself. We estimate the superconducting losses due to vortices filling grain boundaries and compare with observed performance degradation with higher magnetic fields. We estimate that the quality factor may decrease by an order of magnitude ($10^{10}$ to $10^9$) at typical operating fields if 0.03\% of the grain boundaries actively nucleate vortices. We additionally estimate the volume that would need to be filled with vortices to match experimental observations of cavity heating.
A COMPARISON OF LEADERSHIP STYLES OF MALE AND FEMALE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS IN PRINCE GEORGE'S COUNTY, MARYLAND
Creators: name: Robson, Gwyn Neal
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Why are there fewer women school administrators than men when so many teachers are women? Is there a difference in leadership style that would suggest that women are less effective as administrators?; In an attempt to answer these questions thirty-seven volunteer administrators (twenty males and seventeen females) and sixty-nine volunteer teachers (twenty males and forty-nine females) in Prince George's County, Maryland completed a leadership test and companion form to determine if there was a difference in leadership style that would suggest that women are less effective as administrators. This study focused on the following research questions: (1) Do male and female elementary school administrators differ in relationship orientation, task orientation, and effectiveness? (2) Do male and female administrators differ in a dominant administrative style? (3) Do elementary school administrators and their teachers differ in perceived relationship orientation, task orientation, and effectiveness? (4) Do administrators differ from their teachers in their perceptions of these administrators' dominant administrative styles? (5) Are educational levels related to the leadership style of male and female administrators?; First, the biggest significant difference that this study brought out was the discrepancy in the perceptions between administrators and teachers. Administrators (male and female) felt they were using effective leadership styles oriented to tasks and relationships. Teachers viewed administrators as using leadership styles ineffectively and superficially. Teachers also saw their administrators as less effective and task oriented than administrators saw themselves. Second, there is an inconsistency between teachers' perceptions of male administrators and male administrators' perceptions of themselves. Male administrators perceived themselves as using an ineffective leadership style that has a low orientation to tasks and relationships; yet teachers significantly rated their male administrators as more task oriented than female administrators. Third, male administrators showed a tendency to perceive themselves as using a less effective leadership style oriented to low task orientation and low relationship orientation while female administrators tended to perceive themselves as using more effective leadership style oriented to high task orientation and low relationship orientation. This would be an important difference if perception of style, based on sex, can be confirmed further.
On the Riemann Extension of the Schwarzschild Metric
Creators: name: Dryuma, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some solutions of the Einstein equations for the eight-dimensional Riemann extension of the classical four-dimensional Schwarzschild metric are considered.
description: 12 pages
title: Strategy and strategy change in the solution of three term series problems under instructions stressing accuracy over speed
Creators: name: Pearson, M. L.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1985

description: This research is concerned with the problem solving behaviour of subjects presented with problems of linesn ordering when accuracy has priority over speed. The three term series problems were systematically varied in both content (i.e. comparative term) and structure and the subject's solution time observed. A consideration of subject variables of sex and culture (Trinidadian and British subjects) showed no consistent differences in the order of difficulty in the solution of the various problem structures, although Trinidadian women were significantly slower in the solution of all the problems and British women were significantly quicker in the solution of positive problems than the other groups. None of the groups showed a similar order of difficulty to that found in other researches and an analysis of individual subject data indicated that (a) there were marked individual differences in response patterns, and (b) subjects’ response data did not fit the predictions of the various models of problem solving suggested in other studies, (Experiment l). When a direct comparison was made of subjects' performance under experimental conditions instructing accuracy over speed and instructing speed and accuracy a similar difference was observed to that between subjects in the first experiment and those in other term series, problem research (Supplementary experiment). A further study of individual solution times which recorded subject protocols suggests individual patterns of response related to the number of repetitions of the ordering of the problem elements, based not on the relative complexity of problem structure, but the subject’s 'span of effort' when concentrating on total accuracy (Experiment II). When the longer response times unrelated to complexity of problem structure were controlled, the remaining responses still showed individual variation and poor fit to the models of problem solving described previously. A model proposed as more economical offered an even poorer prediction of the data (Experiment III). There were indications, however, that the strategies involved in this model were used with the increasing experience of the problem solver (Experiment IV) and became a good predictor with more practice (Experiment V). Emphasising accuracy as a priority over speed in experimental instruction appears to (a) result in individual variation in approach, allowing more freedom to try a variety of strategies, and (b) the eventual attainment of an economical, efficient strategy, associated with increased experience.
El supervisor como gestor del desempeño y el compromiso organizacional en las empresas multinacionales
Creators: name: Padín-Zamot, Gerardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150304 Entrepreneurship
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Los niveles más altos en la gerencia de las organizaciones, tienen la necesidad de tomar decisiones relacionada con el diseño de la administración de recursos humanos a nivel internacional. La decisión está, en dirigirse a un modelo de convergencia, divergencia o de simultaneidad en la implantación de las Políticas y Prácticas de Recursos Humanos y en la generación del compromiso en las Empresas Multinacionales.
El presente trabajo busca determinar la relación entre las Políticas y Prácticas de Recursos Humanos (PPRH) con el compromiso organizacional (CO) de los supervisados. Se utilizará como variable moderadora el Liderazgo, además, se evaluará si existen diferencias en el CO entre los grupos de empleados dirigidos por supervisores expatriados y los grupos de empleados dirigidos por supervisores locales.
Blankofragebogen zur Legal Tech-Studie zum Stand der Nutzung von Legal Tech-Anwendungen in Deutschland (2021)
Creators: name: Lovrekovic, Josip
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Legal Tech

description: In der Legal Tech-Studie zum Stand der Nutzung von Legal Tech in Deutschland von 2021 wurde eine Online-Befragung mit 100 großen, deutschen Unternehmen zum aktuellen Nutzungsstand spezifischer Legal Tech-Anwendungen durchgeführt. Vorliegend wird der zugrundeliegende Fragebogen bereitgestellt. Die Durchführung der Befragung fand im Rahmen einer Masterarbeit an der Universität des Saarlandes statt.
Dientamoeba fragilis in children: a systematic review on diagnostic considerations and efficacy of treatment
Creators: name: Kalleveen, Michael W. Van
name: Gool, Tom Van
name: Klarenbeek, Nikki
name: Benninga, Marc A.
name: Savelkoul, Paul H. M.
name: Meij, Tim De
name: Plötz, Frans B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Introduction: The presence of D. fragilis in feces is characterized by an asymptomatic carrier ship to a spectrum of gastrointestinal symptoms. However, a causal relationship remains to be elucidated. In this systematic review, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the eradication of D. fragilis and symptoms to establish the strength of evidence that D. fragilis in symptomatic children warrants antibiotic treatment. Areas covered: This systematic review covers a challenge in daily clinical practice. Is it necessary to test for D. fragilis in children with gastrointestinal symptoms and does a positive fecal PCR test warrant treatment? Expert opinion: Testing for D. fragilis seems justified in a selection of children with persistent unexplained chronic abdominal pain and diarrhea. Treatment of D. fragilis should be withhold until other causes like celiac disease have been excluded. Both microscopic and Real Time-PCR methods (or a combination of the two) can be used for diagnosis. Paromomycin or clioquinol are antibiotics of choice based on their small spectrum of activity, fewer side effects, and better eradication rates than metronidazole. Future randomized studies, with strict inclusion criteria, appropriate diagnostic testing, and doses of antibiotics based on bodyweight are warranted.
Effects of direct and indirect written corrective feedback on bhutanese learners' grammatical accuracy over time
Creators: name: Sonam Zangpo Sherpa
Publisher: name: Language Institute Thammasat University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Written corrective feedback
direct WCF
indirect WCF
grammatical accuracy
syntactic complexity

description: LEARN Journal: Language Education and Acquisition Research Network, 14, 1, 574-603
A COMPARISON OF LEADERSHIP STYLES OF MALE AND FEMALE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS IN PRINCE GEORGE'S COUNTY, MARYLAND
Creators: name: Robson, Gwyn Neal
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: Why are there fewer women school administrators than men when so many teachers are women? Is there a difference in leadership style that would suggest that women are less effective as administrators?; In an attempt to answer these questions thirty-seven volunteer administrators (twenty males and seventeen females) and sixty-nine volunteer teachers (twenty males and forty-nine females) in Prince George's County, Maryland completed a leadership test and companion form to determine if there was a difference in leadership style that would suggest that women are less effective as administrators. This study focused on the following research questions: (1) Do male and female elementary school administrators differ in relationship orientation, task orientation, and effectiveness? (2) Do male and female administrators differ in a dominant administrative style? (3) Do elementary school administrators and their teachers differ in perceived relationship orientation, task orientation, and effectiveness? (4) Do administrators differ from their teachers in their perceptions of these administrators' dominant administrative styles? (5) Are educational levels related to the leadership style of male and female administrators?; First, the biggest significant difference that this study brought out was the discrepancy in the perceptions between administrators and teachers. Administrators (male and female) felt they were using effective leadership styles oriented to tasks and relationships. Teachers viewed administrators as using leadership styles ineffectively and superficially. Teachers also saw their administrators as less effective and task oriented than administrators saw themselves. Second, there is an inconsistency between teachers' perceptions of male administrators and male administrators' perceptions of themselves. Male administrators perceived themselves as using an ineffective leadership style that has a low orientation to tasks and relationships; yet teachers significantly rated their male administrators as more task oriented than female administrators. Third, male administrators showed a tendency to perceive themselves as using a less effective leadership style oriented to low task orientation and low relationship orientation while female administrators tended to perceive themselves as using more effective leadership style oriented to high task orientation and low relationship orientation. This would be an important difference if perception of style, based on sex, can be confirmed further.
Navarretia saximontana S. C. Spencer 2003
Creators: name: Johnson, Leigh A.
name: Chan, Lauren M.
name: Burr, Kirsti
name: Hendrickson, Dallin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales
Polemoniaceae
Navarretia
Navarretia saximontana

description: Navarretia saximontana S.C. Spencer (2003: 198), sp. emend.
Plants as per the original description, with the longest two calyx lobes mostly entire, infrequently 2–3 pronged. Corolla 4.8–6.2 mm long, lobes 0.4–0.8 mm wide, 0.6–1.1 mm long. Stamen filaments 0.4–1.2 mm long, inserted 0.6–1.2 mm below the sinuses. Tetraploid.
 Although widely distributed, our surveys indicate that type locality is the only known population within the state of Utah—with all other putitive populations representing N. furnissii. Of the paratypes listed in the original description of Navarretia saximontana, the following specimens agree with the circumscription of this species as defined here. CANADA. Saskatchewan: Crane Lake, Assiniboia, 20 June 1894, Macoun 5545 (SASK, US!). U.S.A. Arizona: Coconino Co.: Ashurst Lake, ponderosa zone, near lake, 27 June 1980, Lehto 24676 (RSA!); Schultz Spring, San Francisco Mts Forest Reserve, elev. 2500 m., 18 August 1901, Leiberg 5861 (US!). Navajo Co.: 1 mi east of Pinetop, elev. 7300 ft, over-grazed meadow in Pinus ponderosa forest, 25 July 1946, Parker 6071 (RSA!, ARIZ). Colorado, Jackson Co.: 8 mi W of Hebron in North Park, low meadow, elev. 9000 ft, 15 August 1898, Shear & Bessey 3923, 3924 (RM!, US!, UTC!). Montana, Cascade Co.: Sand Goulee, 28 July 1887, Anderson, s.n. (OSC, RM!); Glacier Co.: vicinity of Glacier Park Station, dried up pool, 16 August 1919, Standley 17730 (US!); Powell Co.: 10 mi NE of Helmville, edge of pothole in sagebrush flat, 1 July 1948, Hitchcock 17896 (COLO, POM!, RM, RSA!, US!, UTC!). North Dakota, Hettinger Co.: Mott, low places in prairie, 20 July 1937, Meisener s.n. (US!). Mountrail Co.: Powers Lake, rather dry roadside ditch by moist prairie, 30 June 1946, Stevens 872 (US!). Ramsey Co.: E of Devil's Lake, dry swamp in the open prairie, August 1839, Geyer s.n. (US!) Wyoming, Crook Co.: Between Alva and Aladdin, elev. 4400 ft, drying margin of small cattail swamp, clayey, 12 July 1960, Porter & Porter 8346 (RSA!).
description: Published as part of Johnson, Leigh A., Chan, Lauren M., Burr, Kirsti & Hendrickson, Dallin, 2012, Navarretia furnissii (Polemoniaceae), a new diploid species from the intermountain western United States distinguished from tetraploid Navarretia saximontana, pp. 51-61 in Phytotaxa 42 on pages 58-59, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.42.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4814784
TARGET EFFICIENCY OF STATE SINGLE FAMILY HOUSING PROGRAM (HOUSING FINANCE AGENCIES, MORTGAGE REVENUE BONDS, LOW- AND MODERATE-INCOME HOMEOWNERSHIP, INDEPENDENT AGENCIES)
Creators: name: Matulef, Mark Lewis
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration

description: The United States Congress allows state agencies to issue tax-exempt bonds to finance programs which subsidize the purchase of single family housing. Forty-nine states authorize a housing finance agency (HFA) to issue tax-exempt bonds, the proceeds of which are used to purchase below-marked-interest-rate mortgage loans for participating private sector leaders. Congress does not impose a household income limit on state single family programs. Forty-five state HFAs, however, do impose income limits. In 1983, the United States General Accounting Office (GAO) reported that single family housing programs financed by tax-exempt bonds typically assisted households which could assume mortgage loans without subsidies. The GAO report did not explain, however, what caused state HFAs to assist households with higher or lower incomes. This study was undertaken to estimate the effects of various political, organizational, market, and population elements of an HFA's environment on the degree to which low- and moderate-income households make up the population which participates in state single family housing programs. Data for this study were collected primarily through a survey of state HFA directors and supplemented by archival data sources, such as Census documents. Data analysis reveal that, overall, low- and moderate-income households constituted the majority of single family program participants. Three elements of an HFA's environment were found to affect the degree to which HFAs serve low- and moderate-income households: the income limit imposed on program participants, the working background of HFA single family program staff, and the percentage of seats on the HFA board of directors occupied by representatives of the leading industry. The existence of executive and legislative oversight institutions and state political, market, and population characteristics did not appear to affect HFA single family program performance.
TARGET EFFICIENCY OF STATE SINGLE FAMILY HOUSING PROGRAM (HOUSING FINANCE AGENCIES, MORTGAGE REVENUE BONDS, LOW- AND MODERATE-INCOME HOMEOWNERSHIP, INDEPENDENT AGENCIES)
Creators: name: Matulef, Mark Lewis
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The United States Congress allows state agencies to issue tax-exempt bonds to finance programs which subsidize the purchase of single family housing. Forty-nine states authorize a housing finance agency (HFA) to issue tax-exempt bonds, the proceeds of which are used to purchase below-marked-interest-rate mortgage loans for participating private sector leaders. Congress does not impose a household income limit on state single family programs. Forty-five state HFAs, however, do impose income limits. In 1983, the United States General Accounting Office (GAO) reported that single family housing programs financed by tax-exempt bonds typically assisted households which could assume mortgage loans without subsidies. The GAO report did not explain, however, what caused state HFAs to assist households with higher or lower incomes. This study was undertaken to estimate the effects of various political, organizational, market, and population elements of an HFA's environment on the degree to which low- and moderate-income households make up the population which participates in state single family housing programs. Data for this study were collected primarily through a survey of state HFA directors and supplemented by archival data sources, such as Census documents. Data analysis reveal that, overall, low- and moderate-income households constituted the majority of single family program participants. Three elements of an HFA's environment were found to affect the degree to which HFAs serve low- and moderate-income households: the income limit imposed on program participants, the working background of HFA single family program staff, and the percentage of seats on the HFA board of directors occupied by representatives of the leading industry. The existence of executive and legislative oversight institutions and state political, market, and population characteristics did not appear to affect HFA single family program performance.
Generative-based Airway and Vessel Morphology Quantification on Chest CT Images
Creators: name: Nardelli, Pietro
name: Ross, James C.
name: Estépar, Raúl San José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: I.2.1; I.4.7; J.2
subject: 68T20

description: Accurately and precisely characterizing the morphology of small pulmonary structures from Computed Tomography (CT) images, such as airways and vessels, is becoming of great importance for diagnosis of pulmonary diseases. The smaller conducting airways are the major site of increased airflow resistance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), while accurately sizing vessels can help identify arterial and venous changes in lung regions that may determine future disorders. However, traditional methods are often limited due to image resolution and artifacts. We propose a Convolutional Neural Regressor (CNR) that provides cross-sectional measurement of airway lumen, airway wall thickness, and vessel radius. CNR is trained with data created by a generative model of synthetic structures which is used in combination with Simulated and Unsupervised Generative Adversarial Network (SimGAN) to create simulated and refined airways and vessels with known ground-truth. For validation, we first use synthetically generated airways and vessels produced by the proposed generative model to compute the relative error and directly evaluate the accuracy of CNR in comparison with traditional methods. Then, in-vivo validation is performed by analyzing the association between the percentage of the predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1\%) and the value of the Pi10 parameter, two well-known measures of lung function and airway disease, for airways. For vessels, we assess the correlation between our estimate of the small-vessel blood volume and the lungs' diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO). The results demonstrate that Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) provide a promising direction for accurately measuring vessels and airways on chest CT images with physiological correlates.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures
Distributed Embodied Evolution over Networks
Creators: name: Yaman, Anil
name: Iacca, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In several network problems the optimum behavior of the agents (i.e., the nodes of the network) is not known before deployment. Furthermore, the agents might be required to adapt, i.e. change their behavior based on the environment conditions. In these scenarios, offline optimization is usually costly and inefficient, while online methods might be more suitable. In this work, we use a distributed Embodied Evolution approach to optimize spatially distributed, locally interacting agents by allowing them to exchange their behavior parameters and learn from each other to adapt to a certain task within a given environment. Our results on several test scenarios show that the local exchange of information, performed by means of crossover of behavior parameters with neighbors, allows the network to conduct the optimization process more efficiently than the cases where local interactions are not allowed, even when there are large differences on the optimal behavior parameters within each agent's neighborhood.
title: Spatial arrangements in architecture and mechanical engineering: some aspects of their representation and construction
Creators: name: Earl, Christopher Francis
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1981

description: Spatial arrangements in architecture and mechanical engineering are represented by incidence structures and classified according to properties of these incidence structures. The relationships between classes are given by ornamentation operations and the construction of elements in fundamental classes by substructure replacement operations. Thus representations of the spatial arrangements for possible designs are generated. Planar maps represent spatial arrangements in architecutral plans. The edges correspond to walls and vertices to incidence between walls. Plans represented by 3-vertex connected maps are ornamented by rooting and extension operations. Further ornamentation specifies access between regions. Plans with all regions adjacent to the exterior correspond to outerplane maps. Trivalent maps represent an important class of plans. Fundamental plans with r internal regions and s regions adjacent to the exterior are represented by [r,s] triangulations. Ornamentations of simple [r,s] triangulations are specified which represent plans with rectangular regions. Plans with walls aligned along two directions are represented by rectangular shapes whose maximal lines correspond to contiguous aligned walls. Rules of construction for various classes are given and the incidence structures of maximal lines and regions are characterized. Spatial arrangements in machines are represented by systems whose blocks correspond to links and vertices to joints. The dual systems are also used. Coplanar kinematic chains with revolute pairs are classified according to mobility and connectedness. Two fundamental classes are considered. First, the chains with binary joints, represented by simple graphs and constructed by two new methods: (i) suspended chain and cycle addition and (ii) subgraph replacement. Second, the chains with binary links which are constructed by subgraph replacement.
A FOLLOW-UP STUDY OF EARLY IDENTIFIED EMOTIONALLY DISTURBED CHILDREN FOLLOWING TREATMENT IN A THERAPEUTIC NURSERY SCHOOL PROGRAM (MENTAL HEALTH)
Creators: name: Edwards, Janice Delores
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The purpose of this study was to describe and follow-up children identified as emotionally disturbed between the ages of 2 and 6 years and treated in a therapeutic nursery school program. This study included a descriptive, predictive, and comparative analysis of characteristics of children treated in the District of Columbia North Community Mental Health Center, Therapeutic Nursery School Program between 1970 and 1980. An excellent rate of success was obtained in locating the students. Ninety-four of the 113 children completing treatment were included in the current description of the population. The first section of the study described the students at the time of their enrollment. The Center's record files were examined to determine the subjects' race, sex, age of enrollment, health, length of treatment, presenting behavior problems, family intactness, number of siblings, sibling position, parental employment, diagnosis, and recommendation for school placement. The second section of the study described those students who entered the District of Columbia Public School system in terms of family structure, educational placement, and behavior adjustment. The data showed that two-thirds of the parents reported their children had made a successful adjustment to the regular classroom. The third section of the study was a predictive analysis of special education placement based on characteristics available at the time of enrollment and a correlation between these characteristics and the Revised Behavior Problem Checklist scores. Data were analyzed using discriminant analysis and regression correlation techniques. Results show that the following characteristics distinguish between special education students and regular education ones: the number of behavior problems, health problems, recommendation for placement, and the number of siblings. The final section of the study was a comparative analysis of the behavior of former TNS students and their classroom peers. The differences between the groups were tested for significance using the t-test. It was concluded that the classroom teachers rated the former TNS subjects as behaving as well or better than their classroom peers. Early identification and treatment of TNS pupils appears to have a positive and ongoing effect on adjustment skills at home and in school.
Streptocarpus Lindley 1828
Creators: name: Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Gesneriaceae
Streptocarpus

description: Streptocarpus Lindley (1828)
 Type: Streptocarpus rexii Lindley (1828: 1173)
 Synonyms: Colpogyne B.L.Burtt in Burtt & Keraudren-Aymonin (1971: 150), Hovanella Weber & Burtt (1998: 333), Linnaeopsis Engler (1900: 483), Saintpaulia Wendland (1893: 321), Schizoboea (Fritsch) Burtt (1974: 266).
description: Published as part of Christenhusz, Maarten J. M., 2012, On African violets and Cape primroses-towards a monophyletic Streptocarpus (Gesneriaceae), pp. 3-9 in Phytotaxa 46 on page 5, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.46.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4814794
The Communication Cost of Simulating Bell Correlations
Creators: name: Toner, B. F.
name: Bacon, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: What classical resources are required to simulate quantum correlations? For the simplest and most important case of local projective measurements on an entangled Bell pair state, we show that exact simulation is possible using local hidden variables augmented by just one bit of classical communication. Certain quantum teleportation experiments, which teleport a single qubit, therefore admit a local hidden variables model.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; reference added
D7.8: E-CAM Software Porting and Benchmarking Data IV
Creators: name: O'Cais, Alan
name: Jony Castagna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Joint technical report on results of the porting and optimisation of 8 new E-CAM modules to massively parallel machines and their benchmarking and scaling on a variety of architectures. The development of the modules was done in the context of the E-CAM program of Extended Software DevelopmentWorkshop (ESDW) events.
A FOLLOW-UP STUDY OF EARLY IDENTIFIED EMOTIONALLY DISTURBED CHILDREN FOLLOWING TREATMENT IN A THERAPEUTIC NURSERY SCHOOL PROGRAM (MENTAL HEALTH)
Creators: name: Edwards, Janice Delores
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: The purpose of this study was to describe and follow-up children identified as emotionally disturbed between the ages of 2 and 6 years and treated in a therapeutic nursery school program. This study included a descriptive, predictive, and comparative analysis of characteristics of children treated in the District of Columbia North Community Mental Health Center, Therapeutic Nursery School Program between 1970 and 1980. An excellent rate of success was obtained in locating the students. Ninety-four of the 113 children completing treatment were included in the current description of the population. The first section of the study described the students at the time of their enrollment. The Center's record files were examined to determine the subjects' race, sex, age of enrollment, health, length of treatment, presenting behavior problems, family intactness, number of siblings, sibling position, parental employment, diagnosis, and recommendation for school placement. The second section of the study described those students who entered the District of Columbia Public School system in terms of family structure, educational placement, and behavior adjustment. The data showed that two-thirds of the parents reported their children had made a successful adjustment to the regular classroom. The third section of the study was a predictive analysis of special education placement based on characteristics available at the time of enrollment and a correlation between these characteristics and the Revised Behavior Problem Checklist scores. Data were analyzed using discriminant analysis and regression correlation techniques. Results show that the following characteristics distinguish between special education students and regular education ones: the number of behavior problems, health problems, recommendation for placement, and the number of siblings. The final section of the study was a comparative analysis of the behavior of former TNS students and their classroom peers. The differences between the groups were tested for significance using the t-test. It was concluded that the classroom teachers rated the former TNS subjects as behaving as well or better than their classroom peers. Early identification and treatment of TNS pupils appears to have a positive and ongoing effect on adjustment skills at home and in school.
Random Matrix Crossovers and Quantum Critical Crossovers for Interacting Electrons in Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Murthy, Ganpathy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum dots with large Thouless number $g$ embody a regime where both disorder and interactions can be treated nonperturbatively using large-N techniques (with $N=g$) and quantum phase transitions can be studied. Here we focus on dots where the noninteracting Hamiltonian is drawn from a crossover ensemble between two symmetry classes, where the crossover parameter introduces a new, tunable energy scale independent of and much smaller than the Thouless energy. We show that the quantum critical regime, dominated by collective critical fluctuations, can be accessed at the new energy scale. The nonperturbative physics of this regime can only be described by the large-N approach, as we illustrate with two experimentally relevant examples.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Effects of perceived privacy on expressed determinants of happiness
Creators: name: Hon, Anthony
name: Chu, Matthew
name: Luk, Michael Sin-Hang
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Privacy often changes expressed behaviors as many behaviors are regarded as unsuitable or inappropriate for public settings. Due to changing societal labels about what is deemed socially normative, some individuals may choose not to express many private values and opinions which would not fit a social context. People tend to attribute happiness to both social as well as non-social factors, their attributions depending on personal, temporal and environmental context. Thus, we set out to examine whether differences exist between private and public disclosure about determinants of happiness. Using pre-designed cardboard cubes marked with the question “What makes you happy?”, we asked voluntary participants to either decorate the cardboard box with their response or to privately write on a note and insert it into a confidential slot within the box. Collected responses were categorized into either social or non-social determinants of happiness. Disclosure of non-social determinants of happiness was found to be significantly correlated with the confidential condition, whilst disclosure of social determinants of happiness was significantly correlated with the public inscription condition. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Low-mass planet migration in three dimensional wind-driven inviscid discs: a negative corotation torque
Creators: name: McNally, Colin P.
name: Nelson, Richard P.
name: Paardekooper, Sijme-Jan
name: Benitez-Llambay, Pablo
name: Gressel, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simulations of low-mass planet--disc interactions in inviscid three-dimensional discs. We show that a wind-driven laminar accretion flow through the surface layers of the disc does not significantly modify the migration torque experienced by embedded planets. More importantly, we find that 3D effects lead to a dramatic change in the behaviour of the dynamical corotation torque compared to earlier 2D theory and simulations. Although it was previously shown that the dynamical corotation torque could act to slow and essentially stall the inward migration of a low-mass planet, our results in 3D show that the dynamical corotation torque has the complete opposite effect and speeds up inward migration. Our numerical experiments implicate buoyancy resonances as the cause. These have two effects: (i) they exert a direct torque on the planet, whose magnitude relative to the Lindblad torque is measured in our simulations to be small; (ii) they torque the gas librating on horseshoe orbits in the corotation region and drive evolution of its vortensity, leading to the negative dynamical corotation torque. This indicates that at low turbulent viscosity, the detailed vertical thermal structure of the protoplanetary disc plays an important role in determining the migration behaviour of embedded planets. If this result holds up under a more refined treatment of disc thermal evolution, then it has important implications for understanding the formation and early evolution of planetary systems.
description: 19 pages, 19 figures, MNRAS, updated to match published version
Von Neumann Measurement is Optimal for Detecting Linearly Independent Mixed Quantum States
Creators: name: Eldar, Yonina C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of designing a measurement to minimize the probability of a detection error when distinguishing between a collection of possibly non-orthogonal mixed quantum states. We show that if the quantum state ensemble consists of linearly independent density operators then the optimal measurement is an orthogonal Von Neumann measurement consisting of mutually orthogonal projection operators and not a more general positive operator-valued measure.
description: 4 pages
title: Studies on soil animals in a remote region of Amazonia : particularly in relation to population assessment using field extractors.
Creators: name: Sortwell, Andrew
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1984

description: This study was undertaken whilst leading expeditions to the Amazon in 1978 and I981. Laboratory and field methods of extracting invertebrates in soil are reviewed so as to highlight the problems inherent in collecting soil animals in remote regions. The main problem is to find an efficient, portable extraction unit that will provide reliable population estimates suitable to the environment under study. Following a detailed analysis of available literature it was decided to test a chemical extraction unit using turpentine as a repellent. This was a modification of Lewis’s extraction unit (1970) which was successfully used to repel thrips from flower heads. A trial comparison of the chemical extractor with a dry Tullgren technique using soil samples from temperate oak woodland showed that there was insufficient difference between the results to demonstrate the unsuitability of either technique. However, when the two techniques were compared with soil samples from tropical rain forest in Amazonia, the dry Tullgren funnel collected more species than the chemical unit. Further, the dry Tullgren funnel results suggested a much higher and more realistic soil animal population estimate than the chemical extractor which in turn was more efficient than a hand-sorting technique. The literature on tropical soil animal studies is reviewed. A comparative study of the soil animals living in a cultivated field and tropical rain forest soil was undertaken using a chemical extractor. The inefficiency of this type of extractor renders the results inconclusive. The evidence does however suggest that the efficiency of the chemical extractor improved when repelling animals from the drier soil collected at the cultivated field. Though the Tullgren funnel was more efficient in isolating organisms and the number of species was greater, the chemical extraction unit was a simpler method and still produced a number of different species so could be a useful and more easily managed tool for taxonomic investigations in remote areas. A limited number of soil cores collected two days after burning a cleared rain forest site demonstrated that the site still contained soil animals albeit in greatly reduced numbers. A modification of a type of corer used by Fletcher (1976) is described. This proved to be easily portable yet robust.