cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Extended Calculation of Dark Matter-Electron Scattering in Crystal Targets
Creators: name: Griffin, Sinéad M.
name: Inzani, Katherine
name: Trickle, Tanner
name: Zhang, Zhengkang
name: Zurek, Kathryn M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the calculation of dark matter direct detection rates via electronic transitions in general dielectric crystal targets, combining state-of-the-art density functional theory calculations of electronic band structures and wave functions near the band gap, with semi-analytic approximations to include additional states farther away from the band gap. We show, in particular, the importance of all-electron reconstruction for recovering large momentum components of electronic wave functions, which, together with the inclusion of additional states, has a significant impact on direct detection rates, especially for heavy mediator models and at $\mathcal{O}(10\,\text{eV})$ and higher energy depositions. Applying our framework to silicon and germanium (that have been established already as sensitive dark matter detectors), we find that our extended calculations can appreciably change the detection prospects. Our calculational framework is implemented in an open-source program $\texttt{EXCEED-DM}$ (EXtended Calculation of Electronic Excitations for Direct detection of Dark Matter), to be released in an upcoming publication.
description: 34 pages, 15 figures
Virtuous discourse : sensibility and community in late eighteenth-century Scotland
Creators: name: Dwyer, John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study explores the moral characteristics of late eighteenth-century Scottish culture in order to ascertain both its specific nature and its contribution to modern consciousness. It argues that, while the language of moral discourse in that socio-economic environment remained in large part traditional, containing aspects from both neo-Stoicism and classical humanism, it also incorporated and helped to develop an explicitly modern conceptual network. The language of sensibility as discussed by Adam Smith and adapted by practical Scottish moralists, played a key role in the Scottish assessment of appropriate ethical behaviour In a complex society. The contribution of enlightened Scottish moralists to the language and literature of sensibility has been virtually overlooked, with a corresponding impoverishment of our understanding of some of the most important eighteenth-century social and cultural developments. Both literary scholars and social historians have made the mistake of equating eighteenth century sensibility with the growth of individualism and romanticism. The Scottish contribution to sensibility cannot be appreciated in such terms, but needs to be examined in relation to the stress that its practitioners placed upon man's social nature and the integrity of the moral community. Scottish moralists believed that their traditional ethical community was threatened by the increased selfishness, disparateness, and mobility of an imperial and commercial British society. They turned to the cultivation of the moral sentiments as a primary mechanism for moral preservation and regeneration in a cold and indifferent modern world. What is more their discussion of this cultivation related in significant ways to the development of new perspectives on adolescence, private and domestic life, the concept of the feminine and the literary form of the novel. Scottish moralists made a contribution to sentimental discourse which has been almost completely overlooked. Henry Mackenzie, Hugh Blair and James Fordyce were among the most popular authors of the century and their discussion of the family, the community, education, the young and the conjugal relationship was not only influential per se but also reflected a particularly Scottish moral discourse which stressed the concept of sociability and evidenced concern about the survival of the moral community in a modern society. To the extent that literary scholars and historians have ignored or misread their works, they have obscured rather than enlightened eighteenth-century culture and its relationship with the social base.
Slides for: Attention Mechanisms for Image Super-Resolution: A Brief Review and Beyond
Creators: Dr. Wenming Yang
Yucheng Hang
and Bin Xia
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2022

Slides for: SPS Webinar, August 24, 2022, Dr. Wenming Yang, Yucheng Hang, and Bin Xia
Recently, deep convolutional neural network (CNNs) have been widely used in Single Image Super-Resolution (SISR) and have obtained great success. However, most of the existing methods are limited to local receptive field and equal treatment of different types of information; existing methods cannot effectively aggregate hierarchical feature information. To address these issues, we propose an attention cube network (A-CubeNet). Specifically, the adaptive spatial attention branch (ASAB) and the adaptive channel attention branch (ACAB) constitute the adaptive dual attention module (ADAM), which can capture the long-range spatial and channel-wise contextual information to expand the receptive field and distinguish different types of information. Furthermore, the adaptive hierarchical attention module (AHAM) can capture the long-range hierarchical contextual information to flexibly aggregate different feature maps depending on the global context.
Moreover, Non-Local Attention (NLA) brings significant improvement for SISR by leveraging intrinsic feature correlation in natural images. However, NLA gives noisy information large weights and consumes quadratic computation resources with respect to the input size, limiting its performance and application. Therefore, we propose a novel Efficient Non-Local Contrastive Attention (ENLCA), specifically, ENLCA consists of two parts: Efficient Non-Local Attention (ENLA) and Sparse Aggregation. ENLA adopts the kernel method to approximate exponential function and obtains linear computation complexity. For Sparse Aggregation, it makes the network focus on informative features and applies contrastive learning to further separate relevant and irrelevant features.Experiments demonstrate the superiority of the above two methods over state-of-the-art approaches in both quantitative comparison and visual analysis.
Additional file 2 of The effect of training and supervision on primary health care workers’ competence to deliver maternal depression inclusive health education in Ibadan, Nigeria: a quasi-experimental study
Creators: name: Adefolarin, Adeyinka Olufolake
name: Gershim, Asiki
name: Sola, Arulogun Oyedunni
name: Oye, Gureje
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Additional file 2 of Evaluating the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance of the Resistance Training for Teens program
Creators: name: Kennedy, Sarah G.
name: Smith, Jordan J.
name: Estabrooks, Paul A.
name: Nathan, Nicole
name: Noetel, Michael
name: Morgan, Philip J.
name: Salmon, Jo
name: Dos Santos, Gessika C.
name: Lubans, David R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 2. Characteristics of workshop attendees.
Analysis of Wildfire Ignition Incidents caused by Electric Power Distribution Lines
Creators: T. Marxsen
B.D. Russel
D. Hou
A. Stinskity
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2022

Currently, there is an urgent need for increased risk assessments and safety analytics for powerline electric safety incidents, particularly for ones that cause wildfire ignitions. The lack of this analytics makes the assessments of investor-owned utilities (IOUs) mitigation measures to prevent or minimize powerline caused wildfires extremely difficult and at times, inconclusive. Forensic analysis of electric safety incidents should construct electrical models based on investigative data, photos, and any other related information. The key questions addressed by this panel are:
•	How to electrically model wildfire ignitions caused by powerlines.
•	Actual forensic analysis/electrical modeling of distribution electric safety incidents that caused wildfire ignitions.
•	Protection scheme analysis to improve mitigation of powerline caused wildfire ignitions.
Currently, there is an urgent need for increased risk assessments and safety analytics for powerline electric safety incidents, particularly for ones that cause wildfire ignitions. The lack of this analytics makes the assessments of investor-owned utilities (IOUs) mitigation measures to prevent or minimize powerline caused wildfires extremely difficult and at times, inconclusive. Forensic analysis of electric safety incidents should construct electrical models based on investigative data, photos, and any other related information. The key questions addressed by this panel are:
•	How to electrically model wildfire ignitions caused by powerlines.
•	Actual forensic analysis/electrical modeling of distribution electric safety incidents that caused wildfire ignitions.
•	Protection scheme analysis to improve mitigation of powerline caused wildfire ignitions.
Observing the gas temperature drop in the high-density nucleus of L 1544
Creators: name: Crapsi, Antonio
name: Caselli, Paola
name: Walmsley, Malcolm C.
name: Tafalla, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abridged: The thermal structure of a starless core is crucial for our understanding of the physics in these objects and hence for our understanding of star formation. Theory predicts a gas temperature drop in the inner 5000 AU of these objects, but there has been little observational proof of this. We performed VLA observations of the NH3 (1,1) and (2,2) transitions towards the pre-stellar core L 1544 in order to measure the temperature gradient between the high density core nucleus and the surrounding core envelope. Our VLA observation for the first time provide measurements of gas temperature in a core with a resolution smaller than 1000 AU. We have also obtained high resolution Plateau de Bure observations of the 110 GHz 111-101 para-NH2D line in order to further constrain the physical parameters of the high density nucleus. We have estimated the temperature gradient using a model of the source to fit our data in the u,v plane. We find that indeed the temperature decreases toward the core nucleus from 12 K down to 5.5 K resulting in an increase of a factor of 50% in the estimated density of the core from the dust continuum if compared with the estimates done with constant temperature of 8.75 K. We also found a remarkably high abundance of deuterated ammonia with respect to the ammonia abundance (50%+-20%), which proves the persistence of nitrogen bearing molecules at very high densities (2e6 cm-3) and shows that high-resolution observations yield higher deuteration values than single-dish observations. Our analysis of the NH3 and NH2D kinematic fields shows a decrease of specific angular momentum from the large scales to the small scales.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication by A&A
Grid control with synchronized measurements
Creators: L. Zhu
C. Vhournas
M. Venkatasubramanian
S. Von Meter
A. Guzman
B.S. Rovvnyak
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2022

Today's state-of-the art in grid monitoring and control is based on the SCADA and EMS. Transformation of the grid driven by changes in generation mix, integration of renewable resources and demand variability will result in rapid, frequent and large changes in generation, demand and loading levels on the transmission grid. This will make controlling system voltages and frequency challenging. It is expected that synchronized measurement technology will be a major component of the future grid monitoring and control infrastructure. The time synchronization and high resolution of the measurements, in conjunction with actuators such as inverter-based resources with fast active and reactive power modulation capabilities, enable the development and application of advanced control schemes. Desired features of such grid control technologies include automation, speed, and adaptiveness. This panel will discuss potential benefits of using synchronized measurements for grid control, and present latest developments and technologies proposed by academia and industry.
Today's state-of-the art in grid monitoring and control is based on the SCADA and EMS. Transformation of the grid driven by changes in generation mix, integration of renewable resources and demand variability will result in rapid, frequent and large changes in generation, demand and loading levels on the transmission grid. This will make controlling system voltages and frequency challenging. It is expected that synchronized measurement technology will be a major component of the future grid monitoring and control infrastructure. The time synchronization and high resolution of the measurements, in conjunction with actuators such as inverter-based resources with fast active and reactive power modulation capabilities, enable the development and application of advanced control schemes. Desired features of such grid control technologies include automation, speed, and adaptiveness. This panel will discuss potential benefits of using synchronized measurements for grid control, and present latest developments and technologies proposed by academia and industry.
Uniform Forward-Modeling Analysis of Ultracool Dwarfs. II. Atmospheric Properties of 55 Late-T Dwarfs
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhoujian
name: Liu, Michael C.
name: Marley, Mark S.
name: Line, Michael R.
name: Best, William M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a large forward-modeling analysis for 55 late-T (T7-T9) dwarfs, using low-resolution ($R\approx150$) near-infrared spectra and cloudless Sonora-Bobcat model atmospheres. We derive the objects' effective temperatures, surface gravities, metallicities, radii, masses, and luminosities using our newly developed Bayesian framework, and use the resulting population properties to test the model atmospheres. We find (1) our objects' fitted metallicities are 0.3-0.4 dex lower than those of nearby stars; (2) their ages derived from spectroscopic parameters are implausibly young; (3) their fitted temperatures show a similar spread as empirical temperature scales at a given spectral type but are $\sim100$ K hotter for $\geqslant$T8 dwarfs; and (4) their spectroscopically inferred masses are unphysically small. These results suggest the Sonora-Bobcat assumptions of cloudless and chemical-equilibrium atmospheres do not adequately reproduce late-T dwarf spectra. We also find a gravity- and a metallicity-dependence of temperatures. Combining the resulting parameter posteriors of our sample, we quantify the degeneracy between surface gravity and metallicity such that an increase in $Z$ combined with a $3.4\times$ increase in $\log{g}$ results in a spectrum that has similar fitted parameters. We note the systematic difference between our 1.0-2.5 $μ$m spectra and the Sonora-Bobcat models is $\approx$2-4% of the objects' peak $J$-band fluxes, implying modeling systematics will exceed measurement uncertainties when analyzing data with $J$-band S/N $\gtrsim50$. Using our large sample, we examine the fitting residuals as a function of wavelength and atmospheric properties to discern how to improve the models. Our work constitutes the largest analysis of brown dwarf spectra using multi-metallicity models and the most systematic examination of ultracool model atmospheres to date.
description: Accepted by ApJ. 52 pages including 21 figures and 9 tables
Additional file 1 of Evaluating the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance of the Resistance Training for Teens program
Creators: name: Kennedy, Sarah G.
name: Smith, Jordan J.
name: Estabrooks, Paul A.
name: Nathan, Nicole
name: Noetel, Michael
name: Morgan, Philip J.
name: Salmon, Jo
name: Dos Santos, Gessika C.
name: Lubans, David R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Proposed RT for Teens session structure.
Rapid formation of exponential disks and bulges at high redshift from the dynamical evolution of clump cluster and chain galaxies
Creators: name: Bournaud, F.
name: Elmegreen, B. G.
name: Elmegreen, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many galaxies at high redshift have peculiar morphologies dominated by 10^8-10^9 Mo kpc-sized clumps. Using numerical simulations, we show that these "clump clusters" can result from fragmentation in gravitationally unstable primordial disks. They appear as "chain galaxies" when observed edge-on. In less than 1 Gyr, clump formation, migration, disruption, and interaction with the disk cause these systems to evolve from initially uniform disks into regular spiral galaxies with an exponential or double-exponential disk profile and a central bulge. The inner exponential is the initial disk size and the outer exponential is from material flung out by spiral arms and clump torques. A nuclear black hole may form at the same time as the bulge from smaller black holes that grow inside the dense cores of each clump. The properties and lifetimes of the clumps in our models are consistent with observations of the clumps in high redshift galaxies, and the stellar motions in our models are consistent with the observed velocity dispersions and lack of organized rotation in chain galaxies. We suggest that violently unstable disks are the first step in spiral galaxy formation. The associated starburst activity gives a short timescale for the initial stellar disk to form.
description: ApJ Accepted, 13 pages, 9 figures
Managing the Unexpected: Wildfire Risk in Power Infrastructure
Creators: B. Hannegan
L. Roald
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2022

Wildfires pose a significant challenge to the communities, environment, and infrastructure in wildfire-prone areas. The power grid infrastructure in particular can be affected by, and contributing to, wildfires. A three lines of defense (3LD) framework can be adopted to effectively manage the risk of wildfires in electric power infrastructure. The first line of defense focuses on strategies to prevent wildfires from occurring in the first place. Recognizing that the first line of defense may not always hold, the second line of defense is focused on mitigation strategies and proactive response, should a wildfire spark. Finally, if a wildfire sparks and spreads despite all the defensive measures in the first two lines, we need a third line of defense that is focused on resilience-building measures and recovery preparedness so the system can bounce back to its pre-wildfire condition as quickly as possible without suffering devastating losses.
Wildfires pose a significant challenge to the communities, environment, and infrastructure in wildfire-prone areas. The power grid infrastructure in particular can be affected by, and contributing to, wildfires. A three lines of defense (3LD) framework can be adopted to effectively manage the risk of wildfires in electric power infrastructure. The first line of defense focuses on strategies to prevent wildfires from occurring in the first place. Recognizing that the first line of defense may not always hold, the second line of defense is focused on mitigation strategies and proactive response, should a wildfire spark. Finally, if a wildfire sparks and spreads despite all the defensive measures in the first two lines, we need a third line of defense that is focused on resilience-building measures and recovery preparedness so the system can bounce back to its pre-wildfire condition as quickly as possible without suffering devastating losses.
A simulation of predation by non-game birds on the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins)
Creators: name: Korol, Jerome John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Available information on bird-lodgepole pine, bird-mountain pine beetle, and mountain pine beetle-lodgepole pine interactions was reviewed. A computer model was constructed for the purpose of simulating variations in these interactions. Three lodgepole pine stand structures and three sets of bird responses to changes in beetle density were simulated. It was determined that birds may be able to suppress beetle population growth and reduce maximum beetle density under 'typical' stand conditions, but could only prevent an epidemic when unrealistically high bird densities were assumed. Increasing base-line bird densities to levels which were realistically obtainable had effects similar to those obtained when predator efficiency was increased. No amount of avian predation could prevent a massive epidemic from occurring when stand conditions were such that beetle productivity was optimized. A mountain pine beetle epidemic, as well as bird functional and numerical responses, did not occur when a stand structure representing a preventive thinning was simulated. Preventive silvicultural methods such as thinning or reduction of rotation age, combined with practices such as retention of wildlife trees on clearcut sites in order to increase non-game bird densities, could help prevent endemic beetle populations from reaching epidemic levels.
Marine Hydrokinetics
Creators: P. Stricker
N. Tom
C. Love
A. Crespo
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2022

This panel will discuss various aspects of water power generation in a panel discussion forum, to encourage electrical engineers especially within the Power and Energy Society to participate in research, development, and demonstration of water power generation activities, to open dialog among many different experts and stakeholder organizations working in the area of water power generation for possible future collaborations.
The panelists include engineers and researchers actively involved in research and development efforts in both marine and hydrokinetic and hydropower technologies to improve performance, lower cost and ultimately support our ability to sustainably meet its growing energy demand. Marine and hydrokinetic technologies capture energy from waves, ocean thermal gradients, and tidal, ocean and river currents.
This panel will discuss various aspects of water power generation in a panel discussion forum, to encourage electrical engineers especially within the Power and Energy Society to participate in research, development, and demonstration of water power generation activities, to open dialog among many different experts and stakeholder organizations working in the area of water power generation for possible future collaborations.
The panelists include engineers and researchers actively involved in research and development efforts in both marine and hydrokinetic and hydropower technologies to improve performance, lower cost and ultimately support our ability to sustainably meet its growing energy demand. Marine and hydrokinetic technologies capture energy from waves, ocean thermal gradients, and tidal, ocean and river currents.
Optical to UV spectra and birefringence of SiO$_2$ and TiO$_2$: First-principles calculations with excitonic effects
Creators: name: Lawler, H. M.
name: Rehr, J. J.
name: Vila, F.
name: Dalosto, S. D.
name: Shirley, E. L.
name: Levine, Z. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A first principles approach is presented for calculations of optical -- ultraviolet (UV) spectra including excitonic effects. The approach is based on Bethe-Salpeter equation calculations using the \textsc{NBSE} code combined with ground-state density-functional theory calculations from the electronic structure code \textsc{ABINIT}. Test calculations for bulk Si are presented, and the approach is illustrated with calculations of the optical spectra and birefringence of $α$-phase SiO$_2$ and the rutile and anatase phases of TiO$_2$. An interpretation of the strong birefringence in TiO$_2$ is presented.
description: 8 figures
Future Reliability and Resilience Study of Electrical and Gas Systems under Extreme Weather Events
Creators: S. Mukherjee
D. Schoenwald
J. Brewer
W. Liu
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2022

Extreme events such as droughts, wildfires, polar vortex, hurricanes, and cyberattacks have caused stressful conditions and even catastrophic failures of energy systems in recent years. It is essential to maintain reliable and resilient operation of multiple energy system including bulk power systems and natural gas systems during extreme events. This panel will discuss extreme event impacts on electrical and gas energy systems as well as resilience modeling and evaluation methods. Experts from academia, research labs, and industry will share their original ideas and insights on this challenging topic.
Extreme events such as droughts, wildfires, polar vortex, hurricanes, and cyberattacks have caused stressful conditions and even catastrophic failures of energy systems in recent years. It is essential to maintain reliable and resilient operation of multiple energy system including bulk power systems and natural gas systems during extreme events. This panel will discuss extreme event impacts on electrical and gas energy systems as well as resilience modeling and evaluation methods. Experts from academia, research labs, and industry will share their original ideas and insights on this challenging topic.
Shapes In A Box -- Disassembling 3D objects for efficient packing and fabrication
Creators: name: Attene, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.3.5

description: Modern 3D printing technologies and the upcoming mass-customization paradigm call for efficient methods to produce and distribute arbitrarily-shaped 3D objects. This paper introduces an original algorithm to split a 3D model in parts that can be efficiently packed within a box, with the objective of reassembling them after delivery. The first step consists in the creation of a hierarchy of possible parts that can be tightly packed within their minimum bounding boxes. In a second step, the hierarchy is exploited to extract the (single) segmentation whose parts can be most tightly packed. The fact that shape packing is an NP-complete problem justifies the use of heuristics and approximated solutions whose efficacy and efficiency must be assessed. Extensive experimentation demonstrates that our algorithm produces satisfactory results for arbitrarily-shaped objects while being comparable to ad-hoc methods when specific shapes are considered.
ผลการจัดกิจกรรมการเรียนรู้ เรื่องตัวประกอบของจำนวนนับโดยใช้รูปแบบการเรียนรู้ 4MAT ชั้นประถมศึกษาปีที่ 6
Creators: name: อุไรวรรณ ยอดสะเทิน
name: อรัญ ชุยกระเดื่อง
name: อรุณี จันทร์ศิลา
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคาม
Year: 2010
Subjects: รูปแบบการเรียนรู้ 4MAT, ตัวประกอบของจำนวนนับ, ประถมศึกษาปีที่ 6

description: 2, 4, วารสารมหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคามมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์
Bayes-based orbital elements estimation in triple hierarchical stellar systems
Creators: name: Villegas, Constanza
name: Mendez, Rene A.
name: Silva, Jorge F.
name: Orchard, Marcos E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under certain rather prevalent conditions (driven by dynamical orbital evolution), a hierarchical triple stellar system can be well approximated, from the standpoint of orbital parameter estimation, as two binary star systems combined. Even under this simplifying approximation, the inference of orbital elements is a challenging technical problem because of the high dimensionality of the parameter space, and the complex relationships between those parameters and the observations (astrometry and radial velocity). In this work we propose a new methodology for the study of triple hierarchical systems using a Bayesian Markov-Chain Monte Carlo-based framework. In particular, graphical models are introduced to describe the probabilistic relationship between parameters and observations in a dynamically self-consistent way. As information sources we consider the cases of isolated astrometry, isolated radial velocity, as well as the joint case with both types of measurements. Graphical models provide a novel way of performing a factorization of the joint distribution (of parameter and observations) in terms of conditional independent components (factors), so that the estimation can be performed in a two-stage process that combines different observations sequentially. Our framework is tested against three well-studied benchmark cases of triple systems, where we determine the inner and outer orbital elements, coupled with the mutual inclination of the orbits, and the individual stellar masses, along with posterior probability (density) distributions for all these parameters. Our results are found to be consistent with previous studies. We also provide a mathematical formalism to reduce the dimensionality in the parameter space for triple hierarchical stellar systems in general.
description: 58 pages, 21 figures, 2 tables, 4 appendices. Accepted for publication in PASP
Remarks on a normal subgroup of GA_n
Creators: name: Zygadło, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14R10, 20E99

description: We show that the subgroup generated by locally finite polynomial automorphisms of k^n is normal in GA_n. Also, some properties of normal subgroups of GA_n containing all diagonal automorphisms are given.
description: 5 pages
Approach for modeling single branches of meadow orchard trees with 3D point clouds
Creators: name: Straub, Jonas
name: Reiser, David
name: Griepentrog, Hans W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The cultivation of orchard meadows provides an ecological benefit for biodiversity, which is significantly higher than in intensively cultivated orchards. The goal of this research is to create a tree model to automatically determine possible pruning points for stand-alone trees within meadows. The algorithm which is presented here is capable of building a skeleton model based on a pre-segmented photogrammetric 3D point cloud. Good results were achieved in assigning the points to their leading branches and building a virtual tree model, reaching an overall accuracy of 95.19 %. This model provided the necessary information about the geometry of the tree for automated pruning.
Reconstructing the Guitar: Blowing Bubbles with a Pulsar Bow Shock Back Flow
Creators: name: van Kerkwijk, Marten H.
name: Ingle, Ashleigh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Guitar Nebula is an H-alpha nebula produced by the interaction of the relativistic wind of a very fast pulsar, PSR B2224+65, with the interstellar medium. It consists of a ram-pressure confined bow shock near its head and a series of semi-circular bubbles further behind, the two largest of which form the body of the Guitar. We present a scenario in which this peculiar morphology is due to instabilities in the back flow from the pulsar bow shock. From simulations, these back flows appear similar to jets and their kinetic energy is a large fraction of the total energy in the pulsar's relativistic wind. We suggest that, like jets, these flows become unstable some distance down-stream, leading to rapid dissipation of the kinetic energy into heat, and the formation of an expanding bubble. We show that in this scenario the sizes, velocities, and surface brightnesses of the bubbles depend mostly on observables, and that they match roughly what is seen for the Guitar. Similar instabilities may account for features seen in other bow shocks.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Rappresentare il Caos:il concetto di “Stasis” in Demòni di F.M. Dostoevskij alla luce del confronto con gli Annali di Tacito
Creators: name: Visinoni, Alessandra Elisa
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014
Subjects: Tacito; Dostoevskij; storiografia; utopia; stasis

description: Abstract
Il presente articolo si propone come un lavoro di analisi comparativa tra la cronaca Annali (Annales-Ab excessu divi Augusti) di Publio Cornelio Tacito e il romanzo I demòni (Besy) di F.M. Dostoevskij sulla base del concetto di stasis elaborato dallo storiografo greco Tucidide. Fondamento del nostro studio sono le osservazioni della filologa classica Ellen O'Gorman, la quale ha evidenziato che nella rappresentazione di Roma imperiale Tacito non solo risponde ai canoni elaborati dallo storiografo greco ma, senza limitarsi a descrivere semplicemente una fase storica di disordine sociale, rende nota al lettore una condizione esistenziale in cui la società romana è sprofondata e dalla quale fatica a riemergere. Ritenendo che tale sviluppo della definizione sia ben applicabile anche all’opera dostoevskiana argomenteremo questa considerazione proprio in virtù del confronto con gli Annali.

This article focuses on the comparison between Tacitus’ Annales (Annales - Ab excessu divi Augusti) and Dostoevsky's Demons (Besy). The analysis will be grounded on the concept of “stasis” developed by the ancient Greek historiographer Thucydides. The main theoretical framework is constituted by Ellen O’Gorman’s works in classical philology. The critic explained how Tacitus was influenced by Thucydides’s historiographical categories in his portrait of the imperial Rome: not only Tacitus described a period of social disorder, but he also made the reader aware of the existential condition of society who was experiencing an historical moment of crisis, and then of a complicated recovery. I will argue that the concept of “stasis” can be fruitfully applied also to Dostoevsky’s Demons, as it will be clarified by the comparison between the novel and Tacitus’ Annales.
description: ENTHYMEMA, No 11 (2014)
Cosmological energy in a thermo-horizon and the first law
Creators: name: Barbachoux, Cécile
name: Gariel, Jérome
name: Denmat, Gérard Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a cosmological horizon, named thermo-horizon, to which are associated a temperature and an entropy of Bekenstein-Hawking and which obeys the first law for an energy flow calculated through the corresponding limit surface. We point out a contradiction between the first law and the definition of the total energy contained inside the horizon. This contradiction is removed when the first law is replaced by a Gibbs' equation for a vacuum-like component associated to the event horizon.
RetroGAN: A Cyclic Post-Specialization System for Improving Out-of-Knowledge and Rare Word Representations
Creators: name: Colon-Hernandez, Pedro
name: Xin, Yida
name: Lieberman, Henry
name: Havasi, Catherine
name: Breazeal, Cynthia
name: Chin, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Retrofitting is a technique used to move word vectors closer together or further apart in their space to reflect their relationships in a Knowledge Base (KB). However, retrofitting only works on concepts that are present in that KB. RetroGAN uses a pair of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to learn a one-to-one mapping between concepts and their retrofitted counterparts. It applies that mapping (post-specializes) to handle concepts that do not appear in the original KB in a manner similar to how some natural language systems handle out-of-vocabulary entries. We test our system on three word-similarity benchmarks and a downstream sentence simplification task and achieve the state of the art (CARD-660). Altogether, our results demonstrate our system's effectiveness for out-of-knowledge and rare word generalization.
Current Security Analysis Techniques and Shortcomings: Mitigation Strategies and Need for Probabilistic Analysis
Creators: R. Bent
B. Hobbs
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2022

The power industry currently relies on planning methods that underestimate the probability and consequences of loss-of-load events. Power supplies are vulnerable to the increasing frequency of severe weather events (polar vortex, wildfires, etc.), constraints on fuel availability, and correlated changes in the output of meteorologically dependent resources. Current resource adequacy and security analysis methods assume independent asset failures with invariant asset outage probabilities. Consequently, they do not adequately recognize the probability of correlated impacts on the output of multiple resources; accurately measure the frequency or severity of loss-of-load events; or fully account for their economic, public health and safety impacts. Grid planners have long relied on deterministic N-1 analyses to assess security of the system, which is designed to identify risks from the failure of the largest individual transmission lines and generators. This approach worked reasonably well in an era where the resource mix was dominated by dispatchable thermal generators with a high degree of fuel security. However, such an approach may no longer be adequate given increased meteorological dependence of generation, with concomitant increases in reliance upon storage and transmission to mitigate temporal and spatial supply imbalances, and the increasing interdependencies with other critical infrastructure systems such as natural gas and communications networks.
The power industry currently relies on planning methods that underestimate the probability and consequences of loss-of-load events. Power supplies are vulnerable to the increasing frequency of severe weather events (polar vortex, wildfires, etc.), constraints on fuel availability, and correlated changes in the output of meteorologically dependent resources. Current resource adequacy and security analysis methods assume independent asset failures with invariant asset outage probabilities. Consequently, they do not adequately recognize the probability of correlated impacts on the output of multiple resources; accurately measure the frequency or severity of loss-of-load events; or fully account for their economic, public health and safety impacts. Grid planners have long relied on deterministic N-1 analyses to assess security of the system, which is designed to identify risks from the failure of the largest individual transmission lines and generators. This approach worked reasonably well in an era where the resource mix was dominated by dispatchable thermal generators with a high degree of fuel security. However, such an approach may no longer be adequate given increased meteorological dependence of generation, with concomitant increases in reliance upon storage and transmission to mitigate temporal and spatial supply imbalances, and the increasing interdependencies with other critical infrastructure systems such as natural gas and communications networks.
Additional file 1 of Evaluating the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance of the Resistance Training for Teens program
Creators: name: Kennedy, Sarah G.
name: Smith, Jordan J.
name: Estabrooks, Paul A.
name: Nathan, Nicole
name: Noetel, Mike
name: Morgan, Philip J.
name: Salmon, Jo
name: Dos Santos, Gessika C.
name: Lubans, David R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Proposed RT for Teens session structure.
Forms Open to Life
Creators: name: Suvin, Darko
name: Pianzola, Federico
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014
Subjects: Dialectics; Marxism; power; humanities; epistemology

description: This is the revised transcript of a conversation between Darko Suvin [DS] and Federico Pianzola [FP]. The topics discussed are many and the focus keeps zooming back and forth from the historical context of humanities vs. resurgent fascism to formal remarks on literature, theatre, utopia, narrative, and other themes. Particular emphasis is given to a reflection on the dialectical and constructivist approach deployed by Suvin in his works.
description: ENTHYMEMA, No 11 (2014)
Review of Lambert's problem
Creators: name: Sangrà, David de la Torre
name: Fantino, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lambert's problem is the orbital boundary-value problem constrained by two points and elapsed time. It is one of the most extensively studied problems in celestial mechanics and astrodynamics, and, as such, it has always attracted the interest of mathematicians and engineers. Its solution lies at the base of algorithms for, e.g., orbit determination, orbit design (mission planning), space rendezvous and interception, space debris correlation, missile and spacecraft targeting. There is abundancy of literature discussing various approaches developed over the years to solve Lambert's problem. We have collected more than 70 papers and, of course, the issue is treated in most astrodynamics and celestial mechanics textbooks. From our analysis of the documents, we have been able to identify six or seven main solution methods, each associated to a number of revisions and variations, and many, so to say, secondary research lines with little or no posterior development. We have ascertained plenty of literature with proposed solutions, in many cases supplemented by performance comparisons with other methods. We have reviewed and organized the existing bibliography on Lambert's problem and we have performed a quantitative comparison among the existing methods for its solution. The analysis is based on the following issues: choice of the free parameter, number of iterations, generality of the mathematical formulation, limits of applicability (degeneracies, domain of the parameter, special cases and peculiarities), accuracy, and suitability to automatic execution. Eventually we have tested the performance of each code. The solvers that incorporate the best qualities are Bate's algorithm via universal variables with Newton-Raphson and Izzo's Householder algorithm. The former is the fastest, the latter exhibits the best ratio between speed, robustness and accuracy.
Pushing Distribution Grid Analytics to the Edge Opportunities, Challenges and Best Practices
Creators: L. He
Y. Gong
J. Zhao
S. Hossan
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2022

The proliferation of distributed energy resources (DERs) is perceived as both a challenge and an opportunity for electric utilities. DER integration necessitates the distribution companies’ ability to manage the two-way flow of power, handle increased energy usage uncertainty, and address potentially thermal overload or voltage issues to ensure DERs do not cause grid constraints. A vast amount of high-resolution voltage and current sensors, distribution automation devices, and control edge devices have also been deployed across the distribution system in most recent years to enable high-fidelity monitoring and control of distribution operations with DERs. However, it is very challenging to transmit real-time data to a central control center for information processing or advanced analytics because the traditional centralized computing paradigm puts high requirements for both the communication and on-prem computing infrastructure of the distribution companies. Edge computing, by contrast, shifts the computation workload from a centralized location to the edge, which greatly reduces the amount of data that need to be transmitted and thus lowers the requirements for communication network bandwidth and centralized computing resources. The panel will discuss the opportunities, challenges, and best practices upon how to facilitate the industry with faster and reliable distribution analytics using edge computing.
The proliferation of distributed energy resources (DERs) is perceived as both a challenge and an opportunity for electric utilities. DER integration necessitates the distribution companies’ ability to manage the two-way flow of power, handle increased energy usage uncertainty, and address potentially thermal overload or voltage issues to ensure DERs do not cause grid constraints. A vast amount of high-resolution voltage and current sensors, distribution automation devices, and control edge devices have also been deployed across the distribution system in most recent years to enable high-fidelity monitoring and control of distribution operations with DERs. However, it is very challenging to transmit real-time data to a central control center for information processing or advanced analytics because the traditional centralized computing paradigm puts high requirements for both the communication and on-prem computing infrastructure of the distribution companies. Edge computing, by contrast, shifts the computation workload from a centralized location to the edge, which greatly reduces the amount of data that need to be transmitted and thus lowers the requirements for communication network bandwidth and centralized computing resources. The panel will discuss the opportunities, challenges, and best practices upon how to facilitate the industry with faster and reliable distribution analytics using edge computing.
Additional file 3 of Evaluating the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance of the Resistance Training for Teens program
Creators: name: Kennedy, Sarah G.
name: Smith, Jordan J.
name: Estabrooks, Paul A.
name: Nathan, Nicole
name: Noetel, Michael
name: Morgan, Philip J.
name: Salmon, Jo
name: Dos Santos, Gessika C.
name: Lubans, David R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: The TIDieR (Template for Intervention Description and Replication) Checklist*.