cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phospholipid order in gel- and fluid-phase cell-size liposomes measured by digitized video fluorescence polarization microscopy
Creators: name: Florine-Casteel, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1990

description: Low-light digitized video fluorescence microscopy has been utilized to measure the steady-state polarized fluorescence from the membrane probe diphenylhexatriene (DPH) and its cationic and phosphatidylcholine derivatives 1-(4-trimethylammoniumphenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (TMA-DPH) and 2-[3-(diphenylhexatrienyl)propanoyl]-3-palmitoyl-L-alpha-phosphati dylcholine (DPH-PC), respectively, in cell-size (10-70 microns) unilamellar vesicles composed of gel-or fluid-phase phospholipid. Using an inverted microscope with epi-illumination optics and an intensified silicon intensified target camera interfaced to a minicomputer, fluorescence images of single vesicles were obtained at emission polarizer orientations of 0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, and 135 degrees relative to the excitation light polarization direction. Fluorescence intensity ratios F90 degrees/F0 degrees (= F perpendicular/F parallel) and F135 degrees/F45 degrees were calculated on a pixel-by-pixel basis from digitized image pairs. Theoretical expressions were derived for collected polarized fluorescence as a function of position on the membrane surface as well as the degree of lipid order, in terms of the fluorophore's maximum angular motional freedom in the bilayer (identical to theta max), using a modification of the method of D. Axelrod (1979. Biophys. J. 26:557-574) together with the "wobbling-in-a-cone" model of probe rotational diffusion. Comparison of experimental polarization ratios with theoretical ratios yielded the following results. In gel-phase dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine, the data for all three probes correspond to a model in which the cone angle theta max = 17 +/- 2 degrees and there exists a collective tilt of the phospholipid acyl chains of 30 degrees relative to the bilayer normal. In addition, approximately 5% of DPH and TMA-DPH molecules are aligned parallel to the plane of the bilayer. In fluid-phase palmitoyloleoyl-phosphatidylcholine, the data are well fit by models in which theta max = 60 +/- 2 degrees for DPH and DPH-PC and 32 +/- 4 degrees for TMA-DPH, with approximately 20% of DPH molecules and 10% of TMA-DPH molecules aligned parallel to the bilayer plane, and a net phospholipid tilt at or near the headgroup region of approximately 30 degrees. The results demonstrate that lipid order can be measured with a spatial resolution of approximately 1 micron2 in cell-size vesicles even with high aperture observation through a microscope.
One-parameter groups of operators and discrete Hilbert transforms
Creators: name: De Carli, Laura
name: Samad, Gohin Shaikh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the discrete Hilbert transform and the discrete Kak-Hilbert transform are infinitesimal generator of one-parameter groups of operators
Slow rotational mobilities of antibodies and lipids associated with substrate-supported phospholipid monolayers as measured by polarized fluorescence photobleaching recovery
Creators: name: Timbs, M. M.
name: Thompson, N. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1990

description: Polarized fluorescence photobleaching recovery has been used to monitor slow rotational motions of a fluorescently-labeled anti-dinitrophenyl mouse IgGl monoclonal antibody (ANO2) specifically bound to substrate-supported monolayers composed of a mixture of distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC) and dinitrophenyldioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DNP-DOPE). ANO2 antibodies were labeled with a new bifunctional carbocyanine fluorophore that has two amino-reactive groups; steady-state fluorescence anisotropy data confirmed the expected result that the ANO2-conjugated bifunctional probe had less independent flexibility than ANO2-conjugated unifunctional fluorescence labels. Rotational mobilities were also measured for the fluorescent lipid 1,1'-dioctadecyl 3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine (dil) in DSPC and in mixed DSPC/DNP-DOPE monolayers in the presence and absence of unlabeled ANO2 antibodies. The apparent rotational correlation time and fractional mobility of ANO2 on supported monolayers were approximately 70 and approximately 0.3 s, respectively. These measured parameters of rotational mobility did not depend on the ANO2 surface density or on kinetic factors, but addition of unlabeled polyclonal anti-(mouse IgG) antibodies significantly decreased the apparent mobile fraction. The measured fluorescence recovery curves for dil were consistent with two fluorophore populations with rotational correlation times of approximately 4 and approximately 100 s and a population of immobile fluorescent lipid. No difference in fluorescence recovery and decay curves was measured for dil in DSPC monolayers, DSPC/DNP-DOPE monolayers, and DSPC/DNP-DOPE monolayers treated with unlabeled ANO2 antibodies.
J021659-044920: a relic giant radio galaxy at z ~ 1.3
Creators: name: Tamhane, Prathamesh
name: Wadadekar, Yogesh
name: Basu, Aritra
name: Singh, Veeresh
name: Ishwara-Chandra, C. H.
name: Beelen, Alexandre
name: Sirothia, Sandeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a relic Giant Radio Galaxy (GRG) J021659-044920 at redshift $z \sim 1.3$ that exhibits large-scale extended, nearly co-spatial, radio and X-ray emission from radio lobes, but no detection of Active Galactic Nuclei core, jets and hotspots. The total angular extent of the GRG at the observed frame 0.325 GHz, using Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope observations is found to be ${\sim}$ 2.4 arcmin, that corresponds to a total projected linear size of $\sim$ 1.2 Mpc. The integrated radio spectrum between 0.240 and 1.4 GHz shows high spectral curvature ($α_{\rm 0.610~GHz}^{\rm 1.4~GHz} - α_{\rm 0.240~GHz}^{\rm 0.325~GHz}$ $>$ 1.19) with sharp steepening above 0.325 GHz, consistent with relic radio emission that is $\sim$ 8 $\times$ 10$^{6}$ yr old. The radio spectral index map between observed frame 0.325 and 1.4~GHz for the two lobes varies from 1.4 to 2.5 with the steepening trend from outer-end to inner-end, indicating backflow of plasma in the lobes. The extended X-ray emission characterized by an absorbed power-law with photon index $\sim$ 1.86 favours inverse-Compton scattering of the Cosmic Microwave Background (ICCMB) photons as the plausible origin. Using both X-ray and radio fluxes under the assumption of ICCMB we estimate the magnetic field in the lobes to be 3.3 $μ$G. The magnetic field estimate based on energy equipartition is $\sim$ 3.5 $μ$G. Our work presents a case study of a rare example of a GRG caught in dying phase in the distant Universe.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables. Published in MNRAS. Corrected typos and added a reference
(102668) Roland Lyons Nosworthy Michell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Dark soliton detection using persistent homology
Creators: name: Leykam, Daniel
name: Rondon, Irving
name: Angelakis, Dimitris G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Classifying images often requires manual identification of qualitative features. Machine learning approaches including convolutional neural networks can achieve accuracy comparable to human classifiers, but require extensive data and computational resources to train. We show how a topological data analysis technique, persistent homology, can be used to rapidly and reliably identify qualitative features in experimental image data. The identified features can be used as inputs to simple supervised machine learning models such as logistic regression models, which are easier to train. As an example we consider the identification of dark solitons using a dataset of 6257 labelled atomic Bose-Einstein condensate density images.
description: Published version. 8 pages, 6 figures
Nonlinear mode coupling and energetics of driven magnetized shear-flow turbulence
Creators: name: Tripathi, B.
name: Fraser, A. E.
name: Terry, P. W.
name: Zweibel, E. G.
name: Pueschel, M. J.
name: Anders, E. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To comprehensively understand saturation of two-dimensional ($2$D) magnetized Kelvin-Helmholtz-instability-driven turbulence, energy transfer analysis is extended from the traditional interaction between scales to include eigenmode interactions, by using the nonlinear couplings of linear eigenmodes of the ideal instability. While both kinetic and magnetic energies cascade to small scales, a significant fraction of turbulent energy deposited by unstable modes in the fluctuation spectrum is shown to be re-routed to the conjugate-stable modes at the instability scale. They remove energy from the forward cascade at its inception. The remaining cascading energy flux is shown to attenuate exponentially at a small scale, dictated by the large-scale stable modes. Guided by a widely used instability-saturation assumption, a general quasilinear model of instability is tested by retaining all nonlinear interactions except those that couple to the large-scale stable modes. These complex interactions are analytically removed from the magnetohydrodynamic equations using a novel technique. Observations are: an explosive large-scale vortex separation instead of the well-known merger of $2$D, a dramatic enhancement in turbulence level and spectral energy fluxes, and a reduced small-scale dissipation length-scale. These show critical role of the stable modes in instability saturation. Possible reduced-order turbulence models are proposed for fusion and astrophysical plasmas, based on eigenmode-expanded energy transfer analyses.
description: Selected by the editors of Physics of Plasmas as a Featured article. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0156560
Shorter and Shorter: Samuel Beckett’s Challenge to the Theatre
Creators: name: Peja, Laura
Publisher: name: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies
Year: 2015

description: Samuel Beckett’s poetics of “less is more” has anticipated and even partly shaped the evolution of contemporary drama and theatre as one of the fundamental models of the performative turn of the last decades. His late style as a dramatist and a director has influenced contemporary performative theatre in artistic, socio-cultural, and even commercial terms (formats, bills, venues and unconventional settings such as installations, exhibitions, and urban spaces). Nevertheless, his most challenging pièces, the shorter plays, appear to be still waiting for a ‘staging tradition’ which could make the most of their constitutive brevity. In fact, productions of the so-called “dramaticules” have multiplied on the world scene, although often presented in antologies, collections, or multiple billings. Yet, there have already been some interesting and promising productions, and this paper aims at showing the centrality and pregnancy of brevity on the artistic and performative contemporary scene approaching Beckett’s poetics of subtraction in the wider perspective of the interplay between the theatre and other arts. Both focusing on the spectator’s experience and the ‘commercial challenge’, contemporary arts and Beckett’s late theatre have come closer and closer. A brief assessment of the fortune of Beckett’s shorter plays on the Italian stage confirms the fecundity of this intersectional path on which the artistic and performative scene seems to be going further along.
description: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies, Vol 1 No 2 (2015): Short Forms
Spherically symmetric Einstein-scalar-field equations for wave-like decaying null infinity
Creators: name: Liu, Chuxiao
name: Zhang, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the spherically symmetric Einstein-scalar-field equations for wave-like decaying initial data at null infinity have unique local solutions and unique global solutions for small initial data. We also generalize Christodoulou's global generalized solutions to the wave-like decaying initial data. We emphasize that this decaying condition is sharp.
description: 42 pages. The structure of the paper is re-arranged to improve the presentation of the paper. The estimates for A1, A2, A3 and A4 (page 19) are improved, which essentially provide the stronger conclusions including r=0 on the local and global existences
A review on electric and electronic waste material management in 21st century
Creators: name: T, Jarin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Electrical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: The main objective of this paper is to understand the concept of e-waste material management which is abig challenge to the environment in the 21st century. Rapid rise of electronics and IT Retail, gift customerculture, and increasing consumer spending of electronic products creates fateful consequences for theenvironment. E-waste materials are also dangerous when recycling due to its toxicity, many substancesincluding some carcinogens. These issues and toxicity are due to the release of lead, mercury, cadmium,and metallic elements. In this article reported a brief comparison of how developing and developed coun-tries deal with e-waste materials. Developed countries export this waste as follows: (i) Formal recycling(ii) donations to developing countries. Whereas in developing countries informal recycling takes place,majority of the e-waste materials are being dumped to the land & only a small portion of e-waste is wentthrough proper recycling. There are various laws and guidelines in developed countries, but still, it is dif-ficult to control e-waste materials. Current research focuses on usage and marketing effectiveness use ofelectronic waste materials in nature. Proper implication of laws should take place and awareness to peo-ple around the globe and serious actions must be taken care by the manufacturers.
title: Traceable Dynamic Measurement of Mechanical Quantities (Part of: PTB-Mitteilungen 2015, vol. 125, no. 2. ISSN 0030-834X)
Creators: name: Kobusch, Michael
name: Bruns, Thomas
name: Klaus, Leonard
name: Eichstädt, Sascha
name: Downes, Stephen
name: Knott, Andy
name: Robinson, Ian
name: Slanina, Oliver
name: Volkers, Henrik
name: Schäfer, André
name: Esward, Trevor
name: Simon, Jens
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: angular acceleration
subject: Bayesian inference
subject: bridge amplifier
subject: charge amplifier
subject: Clausius-Mossotti relation
subject: conditioning amplifier
subject: deconvolution
subject: density change
subject: dynamic calibration
subject: dynamic force
subject: dynamic force calibration
subject: dynamic measurement
subject: dynamic pressure calibration
subject: dynamic torque
subject: dynamic torque calibration
subject: EMRP
subject: force
subject: force transducer
subject: guideline
subject: GUM
subject: IEPE
subject: index of refraction
subject: industrial needs
subject: laser interferometry
subject: least-squares
subject: magnitude response
subject: mechanical quantities
subject: model parameter identification
subject: modeling
subject: parameter identification Dynamic measurement
subject: phase response
subject: pre-normative study
subject: pressure
subject: pressure sensor calibration
subject: primary calibration
subject: regression
subject: shock force
subject: shock tube
subject: sinusoidal force
subject: sinusoidal torque
subject: step response
subject: torque
subject: torque calibration device
subject: torque transducer
subject: uncertainty
subject: voltage amplifier

description: PTB-Mitteilungen. volume 125 (2015), no. 2. ISSN 0030-834X
Edward Gordon Craig and the “smallest drama in the world”
Creators: name: Plassard, Didier
Publisher: name: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies
Year: 2015

description: Edward Gordon Craig’s Drama for Fools was planned as a long cycle of very short plays, to be daily performed in changing places. Based on the alternation between the episodes of a continuing story and its interludes, it systematically introduces disruptions: in order to bring a variety of atmospheres (with parodic rewritings as well as satirical miniatures), but also to comment what is happening on stage, from an audience-based point of view. Craig’s predilection for short plays, interrupted by different kinds of micro-actions, can be interpreted in many ways. As a general feature of The Drama for Fools, extreme shortness reveals how much the author is aware of the contradictions between his gigantic project and his former utterances against spoken drama. But Craig seems also to be influenced by the traditional puppeteers, because he wants to leave some space for improvisation. Furthermore, from a dramaturgical point of view, briefness can be considered as a result of Craig’s hostility against quarrels and debates on stage. Preventing his characters from speaking too much, he substitutes dialogue with non-verbal actions which anticipate the micro-actions of much later puppet theatre miniature performances.
description: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies, Vol 1 No 2 (2015): Short Forms
Annihilation-to-nothing: DeWitt boundary condition inside a black hole
Creators: name: Brahma, Suddhasattwa
name: Chen, Che-Yu
name: Yeom, Dong-han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In canonical quantum gravity, the wave function for a hypersurface inside a Schwarzschild black hole can be obtained by solving the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. What is of prime importance is the behavior of the wave function for the future boundary near the singularity, and the DeWitt boundary condition implies that it should vanish here. In this paper, we provide several generalizations, and new interpretations, of the DeWitt boundary condition. First, we summarize existing works on the wave function inside the black hole to justify the DeWitt boundary condition. Next, we investigate the wave function for the collapsing null shell to show that due to the reflection symmetry in space and time, there exists a destructive interference near the singularity and hence a vanishing boundary condition can be natural. If we extend this point of view to the black hole spacetime itself, then the DeWitt boundary condition is equivalent to saying that there exists a symmetric anti-black hole contribution, such that eventually these two geometries are annihilated-to-nothing near the quantum transition surface. This symmetric model can be realized within black hole models of loop quantum gravity with a novel interpretation for the arrow(s) of time.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures
Ten years of Short Theatre. Rome and its ‘short’ Festival
Creators: name: Brunetti, Simona
Publisher: name: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies
Year: 2015

description: This article focuses on the analysis of a ten-year old festival of performing arts called Short Theatre which has been organized in Rome since 2006. Initially hosted at the India Theatre and later on at La Pelanda, Short Theatre represents one of the most topical and up-to-date Italian occasions to explore and celebrate contemporary international experimental theatre. Moving from the investigation of the festival’s own constituting idea, its main characteristics and locations, the meaning of its title, Short Theatre, is investigated in relation to the types of performances staged during the many editions of the festival. In the last part of this essay, two shows performed at Short Theatre in 2013 are analysed in detail as significant ex-amples of short theatre: Pentesilea [Penthesilea], produced by Lenz Rifrazioni, and La semplicità ingannata [Simplicity Deceived] starring Marta Cuscunà. These two shows have not been chosen for being substantially ‘better’ than others, but because they efficaciously, clearly, and even emblematically exemplify the Festival’s character-istics as illustrated in this analysis.
description: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies, Vol 1 No 2 (2015): Short Forms
The Origin of Massive Compact Galaxies: Lessons from IllustrisTNG
Creators: name: Lohmann, F. S.
name: Schnorr-Müller, A.
name: Trevisan, M.
name: Ricci, T. V.
name: Clerici, K. Slodkowski
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the formation and evolution of z=0 massive compact galaxies (MCGs) in the IllustrisTNG cosmological simulation. We found that, as in observations, MCGs are mainly old (median age $\sim 10.8$ Gyr), have super-solar metallicities (median $\log Z/Z_{\odot}\sim0.35$) and are $α$-enhanced (median $[α/Fe]\sim0.25$). The age distribution extends to younger ages, however, and a few MCGs are as young as $\sim7$ Gyr. In general, MCGs assemble their mass early and accrete low angular momentum gas, significantly increasing their mass while growing their size much slower. A small fraction of MCGs follow another evolutionary path, going through a compaction event, with their sizes shrinking by 40% or more. The accretion of low angular momentum gas leads to enhanced SMBH growth, and MCGs reach the threshold SMBH mass of $\log M_\mathrm{BH}\sim10^{8.5} M_\odot$ - when kinetic AGN feedback kicks in and quenches the galaxy - earlier than non-compact galaxies. Comparing MCGs to a sample of median-sized quiescent galaxies matched in effective velocity dispersion, we find that their accretion histories are very different. 71% of MCGs do not merge after quenching compared to 37% of median-sized quiescent galaxies. Moreover, tracing these populations back in time, we find that at least a third of median-sized quiescent galaxies do not have a compact progenitor, underscoring that both dry mergers and progenitor bias effects are responsible for the differences in the kinematics and stellar population properties of MCGs and median-sized quiescent galaxies.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures (not including appendices). Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
title: WHAT'S THE FREQUENCY, KENNETH?
title: EINE (QUEER)FEMINISTISCHE KRITIK AN SEXISMEN UND RASSISMEN IM SCHLAGWORTKATALOG
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Sparber, Sandra
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Sexismus
subject: Rassismus
subject: Diskurs
subject: Geschlechtergerechte Sprache
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
subject: Inhaltserschließung
subject: Schlagwort
subject: Diskursanalyse

description: Sprachliche Diskriminierungen bilden sich auf verschiedenen Ebenen im Schlagwortkatalog ab. In unterschiedlichen Ausprägungen finden wir sie sowohl in den Normdaten als auch in der Schlagwortfolge. Ziel des Aufsatzes ist es, die bibliothekarische Inhaltserschließung als soziale Praxis in einen theoretischen Bezugsrahmen einzubetten, um sie einer fundierten Kritik zugänglich zu machen
A mechanical model for guided motion of mammalian cells
Creators: name: Bitter, Patrick
name: Beck, Kristof Leon
name: Lenz, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We introduce a generic, purely mechanical model for environment sensitive motion of mammalian cells that is applicable to chemotaxis, haptotaxis, and durotaxis as modes of motility. It is able to theoretically explain all relevant experimental observations, in particular, the high efficiency of motion, the behavior on inhomogeneous substrates, and the fixation of the lagging pole during motion. Furthermore, our model predicts that efficiency of motion in following a gradient depends on cell geometry (with more elongated cells being more efficient).
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, 5 pages Supplemental Material
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic study of Ca2+ and membrane-induced secondary structural changes in bovine prothrombin and prothrombin fragment 1
Creators: name: Lentz, B. R.
name: Wu, J. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1991

description: Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to monitor secondary structural changes associated with binding of bovine prothrombin and prothrombin fragment 1 to acidic lipid membranes. Prothrombin and prothrombin fragment 1 were examined under four different conditions: in the presence of (a) Na2EDTA, (b) 5 mM CaCl2, and in the presence of CaCl2 plus membranes containing 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-3-sn-phosphatidylcholine (POPC) in combination with either (c) bovine brain phosphatidyl-serine (bovPS) or (d) 1,2-dioleoyl-phosphatidylglycerol (DOPG). The widely reported Ca(2+)-induced conformational change in bovine prothrombin fragment 1 was properly detected by our procedures, although Ca(2+)-induced changes in whole prothrombin spectra were too small to be reliably interpreted. Binding of prothrombin in the presence of Ca2+ to procoagulant POPC/bovPS small unilamellar vesicles produced an increase in ordered secondary structures (2% and 3% increases in alpha-helix and beta-sheet, respectively) and a decrease of random structure (5%) as revealed by spectral analysis on both the original and Fourier-self-deconvolved data and by difference spectroscopy with the undeconvolved spectra. Binding to POPC/DOPG membranes, which are less active as procoagulant membranes, produced no detectable changes in secondary structure. In addition, no change in prothrombin fragment 1 secondary structure was detectable upon binding to either POPC/bovPS or POPC/DOPG membranes. This indicates that a membrane-induced conformational change occurs in prothrombin in the nonmembrane-binding portion of the molecule, part of which is activated to form thrombin, rather than in the membrane-binding fragment 1 region. The possible significance of this conformational change is discussed in terms of differences between the procoagulant activities of different acidic lipid membranes.
(101614) Francis Grevile Prideaux
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(101613) Elizabeth Vincent
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Simulating quantum circuits with ZX-calculus reduced stabiliser decompositions
Creators: name: Kissinger, Aleks
name: van de Wetering, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an enhanced technique for strong classical simulation of quantum circuits which combines the `sum-of-stabilisers' method with an automated simplification strategy based on the ZX-calculus. Recently it was shown that quantum circuits can be classically simulated by expressing the non-stabiliser gates in a circuit as magic state injections and decomposing them in chunks of 2-6 states at a time, obtaining sums of (efficiently-simulable) stabiliser states with many fewer terms than the naive approach. We adapt these techniques from the original setting of Clifford circuits with magic state injection to generic ZX-diagrams and show that, by interleaving this "chunked" decomposition with a ZX-calculus-based simplification strategy, we can obtain stabiliser decompositions that are many orders of magnitude smaller than existing approaches. We illustrate this technique to perform exact norm calculations (and hence strong simulation) on the outputs of random 50- and 100-qubit Clifford+T circuits with up to 70 T-gates as well as a family of hidden shift circuits previously considered by Bravyi and Gosset with over 1000 T-gates.
description: 16 pages, 6 charts, and many figures. For instructions on running associated software, see https://github.com/Quantomatic/quizx/blob/stabrank-v1/stabrank.md
Just two cues: Achille Campanile’s upside-down tragedy
Creators: name: Martini, Elisa
Publisher: name: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies
Year: 2015

description: A bonfire should “make this false and conventional literary world crash down loudly”, since it cannot gracefully ‘jest’ and ‘laugh’ anymore. This is Achille Campanile’s wish, the same he cultivates in his Tragedie in due battute [Tragedies in Two Cues]. These ‘tragedies’ are quick pieces of witticism which materially live in the narrow space of a slip of paper – the physical boundary of Campanile’s ‘tragic’ writing – and whose brevity serves their author’s purpose of meditating on the way of the world by humorously overturning the aulic genre par excellence, that is, tragedy. Campanile “distorts the rule” and consequently ushers in a “silly laughter” conducing to the discovery of a void that discloses, beyond the comic, an authentic human tragedy; it is the tragedy of contemporary bourgeois society, of its inane triviality, confined within its own formal conventions and doomed to a sterile and useless anticipation of Fascist triumphalism. Fascism relished on high-flown magniloquence and on the grandiosity of events and celebrations. Campanile overruled this pretentiousness through the tragi-comic velocitas of his two cues which became an alternative voice next to the régime’s officiality. Campanile’s outlook reverses the norm and sparely sketches out man’s actual reality. Although belonging to a specific historical moment, his “cues” humorously portray the whole humanity that remains unchanged through the centuries, constantly play-acting and periodically in need of a purifying fire lit by a ‘humorist-physician’ in order to dispose of its false and conventional literary and social masks.
description: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies, Vol 1 No 2 (2015): Short Forms
Can Cooling and Heating Functions be Modeled with Homogeneous Radiation Fields?
Creators: name: Robinson, David
name: Avestruz, Camille
name: Gnedin, Nickolay Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cooling and heating functions describe how radiative processes impact the thermal state of a gas as a function of its temperature and other physical properties. In a most general case the functions depend on the detailed distributions of ionic species and on the radiation spectrum. Hence, these functions may vary on a very wide range of spatial and temporal scales. In this paper, we explore cooling and heating functions between $5\leq z \leq10$ in simulated galaxies from the Cosmic Reionization On Computers (CROC) project. We compare three functions. First, the actual cooling and heating rates of hydrodynamic cells as a function of cell temperature. Second, the median cooling and heating functions computed using median interstellar medium (ISM) properties (median ISM). Last, the median of the cooling and heating functions of all gas cells (instantaneous). We find that the median ISM and instantaneous approaches to finding a median cooling and heating function give identical results within the spread due to cell-to-cell variation. However, the actual cooling (heating) rates experienced by the gas at different temperatures in the simulations do not correspond to either summarized cooling (heating) functions. In other words, the thermodynamics of the gas in the simulations cannot be described by a single set of a cooling plus a heating function with a spatially constant radiation field that could be computed with common tools, such as Cloudy.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures. Key figure: figure 2. Accepted to ApJ
Black-Box Policy Search with Probabilistic Programs
Creators: name: van de Meent, Jan-Willem
name: Paige, Brooks
name: Tolpin, David
name: Wood, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we explore how probabilistic programs can be used to represent policies in sequential decision problems. In this formulation, a probabilistic program is a black-box stochastic simulator for both the problem domain and the agent. We relate classic policy gradient techniques to recently introduced black-box variational methods which generalize to probabilistic program inference. We present case studies in the Canadian traveler problem, Rock Sample, and a benchmark for optimal diagnosis inspired by Guess Who. Each study illustrates how programs can efficiently represent policies using moderate numbers of parameters.
(101610) Frances Prideaux
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Interstitial potential during propagation in bathed ventricular muscle
Creators: name: Maruyama, T.
name: Buchanan, J. W.
name: Knisley, S. B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1991

description: Theoretical simulations have suggested that interstitial potential (Vis) during action potential propagation affects measurements of the transmembrane action potential in bathed ventricular muscle. To evaluate the Vis experimentally, we obtained Vis and intracellular action potential (Vic) recordings at various depths in paced guinea pig papillary muscles bathed in oxygenated Tyrode's solution. The peak-to-peak amplitude and the maximum dV/dt (dV/dtmax) of the intrinsic downward deflection of the Vis recordings were determined. The transmembrane action potential (TM) was obtained by subtracting each Vis from the corresponding Vic recording, and measurements for the phase zero depolarization and action potential foot of the Vic were compared with the measurements for the TM. At penetration depths of approximately 54 microns, the amplitude and dV/dtmax of the Vis were 13 mV and -38 V/s. When the depth was increased to 200 microns, these parameters increased to 24 mV and -59 V/s (P less than 0.005), and when the depth was further increased to 390 microns, the parameters decreased to 16 mV and -38 V/s. Because of the Vis at the various depths, the Vic underestimated dV/dtmax of phase zero of the TM by 20-31%, which would reduce estimates of Na+ current obtained from dV/dt. Also, the Vic overestimated the time constant of the 2-8 mV foot of the action potential by 48-82%, which would reduce estimates of the "effective" membrane capacitance by 33-45%. These influences of the Vis on measurements may affect results of quantitative studies of the ventricular action potential.
Fault-tolerant multiqubit geometric entangling gates using photonic cat-state qubits
Creators: name: Chen, Ye-Hong
name: Stassi, Roberto
name: Qin, Wei
name: Miranowicz, Adam
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a theoretical protocol to implement multiqubit geometric gates (i.e., the Mølmer-Sørensen gate) using photonic cat-state qubits. These cat-state qubits stored in high-$Q$ resonators are promising for hardware-efficient universal quantum computing. Specifically, in the limit of strong two-photon drivings, phase-flip errors of the cat-state qubits are effectively suppressed, leaving only a bit-flip error to be corrected. Because this dominant error commutes with the evolution operator, our protocol preserves the error bias, and, thus, can lower the code-capacity threshold for error correction. A geometric evolution guarantees the robustness of the protocol against stochastic noise along the evolution path. Moreover, by changing detunings of the cavity-cavity couplings at a proper time, the protocol can be robust against parameter imperfections (e.g., the total evolution time) without introducing extra noises into the system. As a result, the gate can produce multi-mode entangled cat states in a short time with high fidelities.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Forms of Short Modernist-Symbolist Theatre in Spain
Creators: name: Cuesta Guadaño, Javier
Publisher: name: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies
Year: 2015

description: The crisis of fin de siècle was for all of Europe an authentic theatrical revolution which – inspired by Belgian playwright Maurice Maeterlinck’s earliest pieces – set out to transmogrify the traditional forms of Naturalism and projected itself across all the arts as a réaction idéaliste to Positivism. Spanish Modernism also responded to this renovated perspective on drama by means of a kind of localized Symbolism which promoted the phenomenon of ‘poetization’ of the theatrical event along with a new conception of the stage. This new kind of drama responded to an interconnected relationship between poetry and theatre, gesturing towards idealism in the treatment of certain themes or atmospheres, and finding in the one-act structure, which replaced the category of action with dramatic situation, the most suitable conditions to develop. Amongst the examples of brief Modernist-Symbolist theatre in Spain, we encounter Jacinto Benavente’s Teatro fantástico (1892-1905), Gregorio Martínez Sierra’s Teatro de ensueño (1905), Santiago Rusiñol’s and Adrià Gual’s Symbolist works, the several texts published in journals by Valle-Inclán or Pérez de Ayala, as well as other less known plays authored by the Millares Cubas brothers, Zozaya, Francés, Goy de Silva and López Aydillo.
description: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies, Vol 1 No 2 (2015): Short Forms
Optical conductivity enhancement and thermal reduction of BN-codoped MgO nanosheet: Significant effects of B-N atomic interaction
Creators: name: Abdullah, Nzar Rauf
name: Abdullah, Botan Jawdat
name: Azeez, Yousif Hussein
name: Tang, Chi-Shung
name: Gudmundsson, Vidar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the electronic, the thermal, and the optical properties of BN-codoped MgO monolayers taking into account the interaction effects between the B and the N dopant atoms. The relatively wide indirect band gap of a pure MgO nanosheet can be changed to a narrow direct band gap by tuning the B-N attractive interaction. The band gap reduction does not only enhance the optical properties, including the absorption spectra and the optical conductivity, but also the most intense peak is shifted from the Deep-UV to the visible light region. The red shifting of the absorption spectra and the optical conductivity are caused by the attractive interaction. In addition, both isotropic and anisotropic characteristics are seen in the optical properties depending on the strength of the B-N attractive interaction. The heat capacity is reduced for the BN-doped MgO monolayer, which can be referred to changes in the bond dissociation energy. The bond dissociation energy decreases as the difference in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms decreases. The lower difference in the electronegativities leads to a weaker endothermic process resulting in reduction of the heat capacity. An ab initio molecular dynamics, AIMD, calculation is utilized to check the thermodynamic stability of the pure and the BN-codoped MgO monolayers. We thus confirm that the BN-codopant atoms can be used to gain control of the properties of MgO monolayers for thermo- and opto-electronic devices.
description: RevTeX - pdfLaTeX, 10 pages with 8 included pdf figures
“… worth using twice”? Making a Short Story Long. Tom Stoppard’s Two Early One-Acters
Creators: name: Vareschi, Carlo
Publisher: name: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies
Year: 2015

description: The article focuses on Tom Stoppard’s TV drama Another Moon Called Earth (1967)and the radio play Artist Descending a Staircase (1972). Moving from the analysis of their peculiarities in relation with the medium they were written for, the essay considers their function in the writing of two stage dramas: Jumpers (1972) and Travesties (1974). In both cases, the borrowings from other works, namely Shakespeare’s and Oscar Wilde’s, have been an essential element of the transformation of short pieces into longer ones. Yet, somehow against expectations, the second pair of dramas (Artist Descending a Staircase and Travesties) is characterized by a lessening in dramatic force and complexity in the passage from the short to full-length play. This brings forth the hypothesis that Stoppard, in his production for TV and radio, felt less constrained by the commercial rules regulating the production of West End plays. This is further reinforced by looking at other two short radio plays (M is for Moon Among Other Things, 1964 and If You’re Glad I’ll Be Frank, 1966) – here briefly examined – which reveal how Stoppard possessed an ability of dealing with human sentiments that was not detectable in the longer plays of the period.
description: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies, Vol 1 No 2 (2015): Short Forms
Membrane binding induces lipid-specific changes in the denaturation profile of bovine prothrombin. A scanning calorimetry study
Creators: name: Lentz, B. R.
name: Wu, J. R.
name: Sorrentino, A. M.
name: Carleton, J. N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1991

description: Prothrombin denaturation was examined in the presence of Na2EDTA, 5mM CaCl2, and CaCl2 plus membranes containing 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-3-sn-phosphatidylcholine (POPC) in combination with either bovine brain phosphatidylserine (PS) or 1,2-dioleoyl-phosphatidylglycerol (DOPG). Heating denaturation of prothrombin produced thermograms showing two peaks, a minor one at approximately 59 degrees C previously reported to correspond to denaturation of the fragment 1 region (Ploplis, V. A., D. K. Strickland, and F. J. Castellino 1981. Biochemistry. 20:15-21), and a main one at approximately 57-58 degrees C, reportedly due to denaturation of the rest of the molecule (prethrombin 1). The main peak was insensitive to the presence of 5mM Ca2+ whereas the minor peak was shifted to higher temperature (Tm approximately 65 degrees C) by Ca2+. Sufficient concentrations of POPC/bovPS (75/25) large unilamellar vesicles to guarantee binding of 95% of prothrombin resulted in an enthalpy loss in the main endotherm and a comparable enthalpy gain in the minor endotherm accompanying an upward shift in peak temperature (Tm approximately 73 degrees C). Peak deconvolution analysis on the prothrombin denaturation profile and comparison with isolated prothrombin fragment 1 denaturation endotherms suggested that the change caused by POPC/PS vesicles reflected a shift of a portion of the enthalpy of the prethrombin 1 domain to higher temperature (Tm approximately 77 degrees C). The enthalpy associated with this high-temperature endotherm increased in proportion to the surface concentration of PS. By contrast, POPC/DOPG (50/50) membranes shifted the prethrombin 1 peak by 4 degrees C to a lower temperature and the fragment 1 peak by 5 degrees C to a higher temperature. The data lead to a hypothesis that the fragment 1 and prethrombin 1 domains of prothrombin do not denature quite independently and that binding of prothrombin to acidic-lipid membranes disrupts the interaction between these domains. It is further hypothesized that PS containing membranes exert the additional specific effect of decoupling the denaturation of two subdomains of the prethrombin 1 domain of prothrombin.