cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Voriconazole-induced central nervous system toxicity: a pharmacovigilance study based on FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database
Creators: name: Yun, Juping
name: Wang, Zihe
name: Liu, Wei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between voriconazole (VRC) and central nervous system (CNS) toxicity based on the real world data. The reports of FAERS from January 2004 to March 2022 were included in our study. The CNS toxicity events were identified by using Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities terms. Reporting odds ratios corresponding to 95% confidence intervals were employed to quantify the signals of VRC-associated CNS events. The overall RORs (95%CI) for psychiatric disorders, nervous system disorders, and eye disorders were 1.84 (1.70, 2.00), 1.09 (1.01, 1.18), and 3.84 (3.48, 4.23), respectively (p < 0.05). The median time to the CNS events of VRC was 1(IQR 0–5) day. Top six signals were macular opacity, chloropsia, scintillating scotoma, toxic optic neuropathy, corneal bleeding, and dyschromatopsia, all of them grouped as eye disorders. Compared with itraconazole, fluconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole, VRC shows significant relationship and higher incidence rate of psychiatric disorders, nervous system disorders, and eye disorders, respectively (p < 0.05). VRC was significantly associated with the CNS toxicity. Dosing adjustment, model-based individualized treatment project, and the therapeutic drug monitoring-guided individualized medication regime could be good strategies for efficacy improvement and the adverse events of reducing of VRC.
Theory of $(s+id)$ pairing in mixed-valent correlated metals
Creators: name: Nica, Emilian M.
name: Erten, Onur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent discovery of superconductivity in square-planar nickelates as well as by longstanding puzzling experiments in heavy-fermion superconductors, we study Cooper pairing between correlated $d$-electrons coupled to a band of weakly-correlated electrons. We perform self-consistent large N calculations on an effective $t-J$ model for the $d$-electrons with additional hybridization. Unlike previous studies of mixed-valent systems, we focus on parameter regimes where both hybridized bands are relevant to determining the pairing symmetry. For sufficiently strong hybridization, we find a robust $s+id$ pairing which breaks time-reversal and point-group symmetries in the mixed-valent regime. Our results illustrate how intrinsically multi-band systems such as heavy-fermions can support a number of highly non-trivial pairing states. They also provide a putative microscopic realization of previous phenomenological proposals of $s+id$ pairing and suggest a potential resolution to puzzling experiments in heavy-fermion superconductors such as U$_{1-x}$Th$_x$Be$_{13}$ which exhibit two superconducting phase transitions and a full gap at lower temperatures.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
Social Preferences for Management of Rural Forests in the Iberian Atlantic Region
Creators: name: Prada, Albino
name: Gonzalez, Manuel
name: Vazquez, Maria Xose
name: Solino, Mario
name: Prada, Albino
name: Gonzalez, Manuel
name: Vazquez, Maria Xose
name: Solino, Mario
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Landscape preference
subject: Visual quality
subject: Non-market goods
subject: Preference models
subject: Economic valuation
subject: Landscape Management

description: This article presents results from an experiment into attribute perception and relevant levels for management of woodland and mountain areas typical of the Iberian Peninsula's Atlantic region. The aim, which the authors argue has been robustly reached, was to identify those aspects of forestry policy clearly perceived by citizens. This is useful for defining enlargement of areas protected under Natura 2000 Network. Results show clear preference for an increase in woodland to over half the current surface area, with replanting of traditional trees, in woodlands of low density and trees of different age and, preferably in irregular shaped plots.
Four-level and two-qubit systems, sub-algebras, and unitary integration
Creators: name: Rau, A. R. P.
name: Selvaraj, G.
name: Uskov, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Four-level systems in quantum optics, and for representing two qubits in quantum computing, are difficult to solve for general time-dependent Hamiltonians. A systematic procedure is presented which combines analytical handling of the algebraic operator aspects with simple solutions of classical, first-order differential equations. In particular, by exploiting $su(2) \oplus su(2)$ and $su(2) \oplus su(2) \oplus u(1)$ sub-algebras of the full SU(4) dynamical group of the system, the non-trivial part of the final calculation is reduced to a single Riccati (first order, quadratically nonlinear) equation, itself simply solved. Examples are provided of two-qubit problems from the recent literature, including implementation of two-qubit gates with Josephson junctions.
description: 1 gzip file with 1 tex and 9 eps figure files. Unpack with command: gunzip RSU05.tar.gz
Institutions of sustainability in Central and Eastern European Countries
Creators: name: Slangen, Louis H.G.
name: Van Kooten, G. Cornelis
name: Suchanek, Pavel
name: Slangen, Louis H.G.
name: Van Kooten, G. Cornelis
name: Suchanek, Pavel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: institutions
subject: social capital
subject: sustainable agriculture and Central and Eastern Europe

description: The agricultural sector in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) is confronted by two huge problems simultaneously: transition processes and sustainability. Institutions are very important for both these problems. The purpose of this paper is to make clear that the institutional setting is very important, and to give insight into the initial situation of institutions for sustainability and transitions. For this purpose we carried out surveys in CEE with questions about government performance, institutional environment, government structures and social capital. There is strong relationship between the determinants of good government performance in general and those for good government for realizing sustainable agriculture. However, besides formal rules, the informal rules of the institutional environment and social capital are also very important for realizing of sustainable agriculture. Results of surveys show that these institutional elements and the level of social capital are different in the countries of CEE, and have to be developed. Knowledge of government performance, institutional environment and social capital is a necessary condition for developing more suitable governance structures for realizing sustainable agriculture.
Self adaptive inertial extragradient algorithms for solving variational inequality problems
Creators: name: Tan, Bing
name: Fan, Jingjing
name: Li, Songxiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47H05, 49J40, 65K10, 47J20

description: In this paper, we study the strong convergence of two Mann-type inertial extragradient algorithms, which are devised with a new step size, for solving a variational inequality problem with a monotone and Lipschitz continuous operator in real Hilbert spaces. Strong convergence theorems for our algorithms are proved without the prior knowledge of the Lipschitz constant of the operator. Finally, we provide some numerical experiments to illustrate the performances of the proposed algorithms and provide a comparison with related ones.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures
Identifying factors influencing clinicians’ reporting of medication errors: a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis using the theoretical domains framework
Creators: name: Takhtinejad, Neda J.
name: Stewart, Derek
name: Nazar, Zachariah
name: Hamad, Anas
name: Hadi, Muhammad A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Medication errors have a significant impact on patient safety and professional practice. The widespread under-reporting of errors by clinicians indicates the critical need for behavioral change. This systematic review aimed to identify and synthesize qualitative evidence on factors influencing clinicians’ reporting of medication errors. Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, PubMed, and Embase were searched until March 2023 for studies on factors influencing clinicians’ reporting of medication errors. Two independent reviewers conducted the screening, data extraction, and quality appraisal. Using framework synthesis approach, the identified themes were mapped to Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). The review analyzed fourteen high-quality studies across various regions. Facilitators of reporting were identified in the TDF domains of beliefs about consequences knowledge and social/professional role and identity. More themes emerged as barriers, mapped to the domains of beliefs about consequences, emotions, environmental context and resources and knowledge. The review suggests aligning these barriers with key behavior change techniques, such as emphasizing the risks of non-reporting, promoting emotional well-being, improving accessibility of reporting systems and advancing knowledge through educational programs. Future work should focus on developing these behavior change techniques into practical interventions.
Socioeconomic Factors and the Consumption of Wine in Tenerife
Creators: name: Perez, G. Guirao
name: Fernandez, V. Cano
name: Yurda, M.I. Lopez
name: Donate, M.C. Rodriguez
name: Perez, G. Guirao
name: Fernandez, V. Cano
name: Yurda, M.I. Lopez
name: Donate, M.C. Rodriguez
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: wine consumption
subject: socioeconomic characteristics
subject: discrete choice models

description: In this paper we measure the impact of an individual's socioeconomic conditions on the decision to consume wine in a traditionally wine-producing area. Based on the data obtained in an exhaustive survey on wine consumption and through discrete choice models, we assess the changes which come about in the decisions to consume the different types of wine under consideration, and we obtain the most relevant distinctive and differentiated characteristics for each one of them.
Nonlinear viscoelastic isolation for seismic vibration mitigation
Creators: name: Menga, N.
name: Bottiglione, F.
name: Carbone, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this paper is to assess the effectiveness of nonlinear viscoelastic damping in controlling base-excited vibrations. Specifically, the focus is on investigating the robustness of the nonlinear base isolation performance in controlling the system response due to a wide set of possible excitation spectra. The dynamic model is derived to study a simple structure whose base isolation is provided via a Rubber-Layer Roller Bearing (RLRB) (rigid cylinders rolling on rigid plates with highly damping rubber coatings) equipped with a nonlinear cubic spring, thus presenting both nonlinear damping and stiffness. We found that, under periodic loading, due to the non-monotonic bell-shaped viscoelastic damping arising from the viscoelastic rolling contacts, different dynamic regimes occur mostly depending on whether the damping peak is overcome or not. Interestingly, in the former case, poorly damped self-excited vibrations may be triggered by the steep damping decrease. Moreover, in order to investigate the robustness of the isolation performance, we consider a set of real seismic excitations, showing that tuned nonlinear RLRB provide loads isolation in a wider range of excitation spectra, compared to generic linear isolators. This is peculiarly suited for applications (such as seismic and failure engineering) in which the specific excitation spectrum is unknown a priori, and blind design on statistical data has to be employed.
Farmers' Participation in European Agri-Environmental Policies
Creators: name: Dupraz, Pierre
name: Vanslembrouck, Isabel
name: Bonnieux, François
name: Van Huylenbroeck, Guido
name: Dupraz, Pierre
name: Vanslembrouck, Isabel
name: Bonnieux, François
name: Van Huylenbroeck, Guido
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: agri-environmental policy
subject: multinominal logit model
subject: joint production
subject: farms

description: This paper examines the factors influencing farmers' participation in several agri-environmental schemes. A multinominal logit model is used to separate between participating and nonparticipating farmers. In addition this model allows to predict farmers participation in one measure as well as in different measures simultaneously. Data stems from a survey conducted in eight European countries and includes a description of both farmer and farm characteristics. Three categories of schemes have been analysed: landscape maintenance, biodiversity protection and restriction of intensive farming practices. The combination of these three types of schemes provides eight possible packages which can be selected by eligible farmers. The multinominal logit model shows the importance of both farm and farmer as well as attitudinal characteristics on the participation in different combinations of schemes. For instance, the environmental concern favours landscape maintenance and biodiversity protection as well as their combinations with schemes requiring restrictions of intensive practices. However, it has a negative effect on the single participation in schemes requiring restrictions of intensive practices only. Our analysis confirms a number of previous findings. In addition, it shows the importance for policy makers to take into account that farmers have the opportunity to enter several schemes simultaneously. Indeed, due to cost complementarities, joint participation provides both private and public benefits.
Hematological adverse events associated with anti-MRSA agents: a real-world analysis based on FAERS
Creators: name: Yu, Xiuheng
name: Zhou, Xiaodan
name: Li, Min
name: Zhao, Yu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: This study investigated the patterns of hematological adverse events related to daptomycin (DAP), tigecycline (TIG), vancomycin (VAN) and linezolid (LIN) in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Adverse event associations were analyzed through calculating reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), multiple gamma Poisson shrinkage (MGPS), and Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN). A comprehensive descriptive analysis was also conducted considering factors such as age, gender, daily dose, cumulative dose, and time to onset. The leading hematologic adverse events were eosinophilia for daptomycin, coagulation abnormalities and thrombocytopenia for tigecycline, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and anemia for linezolid, and thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia, and neutropenia for vancomycin. Most of the affected patients were over 55 years old. Daily doses for the tigecycline and daptomycin groups exceeded the standard daily dose. The times to onset were 14.00 days for daptomycin (interquartile range [IQR], 4.00–21.00), 6.00 days for tigecycline (IQR, 2.00–9.00), 10.00 days for linezolid (IQR, 4.00–16.5), and 10.00 days for vancomycin (IQR,5.00–20.00). It is essential to intensify early monitoring and identification of these adverse events, especially in the context of off-label dosages and for elderly patients and individuals taking medication for over one week.
Valence pairing, core deformation and the development of two-neutron halos
Creators: name: Nunes, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the evolution of the structure of the ground state of a nucleus with two valence nucleons as the system approaches the two particle threshold. We use a three-body model of $core+n+n$ where the core is deformed and allowed to excite. We find that both NN correlations and correlations due to deformation/excitation of the core inhibit the formation of halos. Our results suggest that it is unlikely to find halo nuclei on the dripline of deformed nuclei.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures. accepted in Nucl. Phys. A
In Search of the Market: Lessons from Analyzing Agricultural Transition in Central and Eastern Europe
Creators: name: Hanisch, Markus
name: Beckmann, Volker
name: Boger, Silke
name: Brem, Markus
name: Hanisch, Markus
name: Beckmann, Volker
name: Boger, Silke
name: Brem, Markus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Studies of the transition process remind us of Stiglitz's comparison between pathology and the economic analysis of institutions (1989): asking what went wrong and what did not is the essence of understanding the functioning of social systems. Thus, carefully conducted empirical studies of the transition process itself may yield elucidative results applicable not only to theory but also to institutional policy changes in transition. This paper presents the key findings of KATO, a comprehensive research project focussing on the transition process of agriculture in Central and Eastern Europe. From 1997 to 2000, the project empirically examined processes of liberalization and market development, privatization and property rights changes, as well as restructuring and path dependencies in three Central and Eastern Europe countries: Poland, the Czech Republic and Bulgaria. Conclusions on three analytical levels are drawn: (1) the empirical design for analyzing rapidly changing and evolving institutions in transition economies, (2) the suitability of different theoretical approaches for understanding transition, and (3) policy recommendations targeting better governance and an improved institutional framework.
Plasma sheet thinning due to loss of near-Earth magnetotail plasma
Creators: name: Tretler, Rudolf
name: Tatsuno, Tomo
name: Hosokawa, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A one-dimensional model for thinning of the Earth's plasma sheet [J. K. Chao et al., Planet. Space Sci. 25, 703 (1977)] according to the Current Disruption (CD) model of auroral breakup is extended to two dimensions. A rarefaction wave, which is a signature component of the CD model, is generated with an initial disturbance. In the 1D gas model, the rarefaction wave propagates tailward at sound velocity and is assumed to cause thinning. Extending to a 2D gas model of a simplified plasma sheet configuration, the rarefaction wave is weakened, and the thinning ceases to propagate. Extending further to a 2D plasma model by adding magnetic field into the lobes, the rarefaction wave is quickly lost in the plasma sheet recompression, but the plasma sheet thinning is still present and propagates independently at a slower velocity than a 1D model suggests. This shows that the dynamics of plasma sheet thinning may be dominated by sheet-lobe interactions that are absent from the 1D model and may not support the behaviour assumed by the CD model.
description: 14 pages, 18 figures. Simulation source code available on https://github.com/piccolo255/mhd2d-solver . To be submitted to the Journal of Plasma Physics
Structure and time-dependence of quantum breathers
Creators: name: Schulman, L. S.
name: Tolkunov, D.
name: Mihokova, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum states of a discrete breather are studied in two ways. One method involves numerical diagonalization of the Hamiltonian, the other uses the path integral to examine correlations in the eigenstates. In both cases only the central nonlinearity is retained. To reduce truncation effects in the numerical diagonalization, a basis is used that involves a quadratic local mode. A similar device is used in the path integral method for deducing localization. Both approaches lead to the conclusion that aside from quantum tunneling the quantized discrete breather is stable.
description: 33 pages, 20 figures, to appear in J. Chem. Phys
Operator mixing in N=4 SYM: The Konishi anomaly revisited
Creators: name: Eden, B.
name: Jarczak, C.
name: Sokatchev, E.
name: Stanev, Ya. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the superconformal N=4 SYM theory the Konishi anomaly can be viewed as the descendant $K_{10}$ of the Konishi multiplet in the 10 of SU(4), carrying the anomalous dimension of the multiplet. Another descendant $O_{10}$ with the same quantum numbers, but this time without anomalous dimension, is obtained from the protected half-BPS operator $O_{20'}$ (the stress-tensor multiplet). Both $K_{10}$ and $O_{10}$ are renormalized mixtures of the same two bare operators, one trilinear (coming from the superpotential), the other bilinear (the so-called "quantum Konishi anomaly"). Only the operator $K_{10}$ is allowed to appear in the right-hand side of the Konishi anomaly equation, the protected one $O_{10}$ does not match the conformal properties of the left-hand side. Thus, in a superconformal renormalization scheme the separation into "classical" and "quantum" anomaly terms is not possible, and the question whether the Konishi anomaly is one-loop exact is out of context. The same treatment applies to the operators of the BMN family, for which no analogy with the traditional axial anomaly exists. We illustrate our abstract analysis of this mixing problem by an explicit calculation of the mixing matrix at level g^4 ("two loops") in the supersymmetric dimensional reduction scheme.
description: 28 pp LaTeX, 3 figures
Spillovers from Globalization on Land Use: Evidence from Madagascar
Creators: name: Minten, Bart
name: Randrianarison, Lalaina
name: Swinnen, Johan F.M.
name: Minten, Bart
name: Randrianarison, Lalaina
name: Swinnen, Johan F.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: The effect of globalization on the environment and natural resource use in developing countries is hotly debated. We contribute to this debate through the analysis of primary data collected with small contract farmers in Madagascar that produce vegetables for export to Europe. Strong spillover effects of these trade opportunities on land use exist. Using a matched plot sampling design, the productivity of rice - the main domestically consumed staple - is shown to be two thirds higher on those fields that were contracted during the off-season for the production of vegetables. This increase in yields is linked to an increase of soil fertility due to the application of fertilizer and compost which farmers would not use prior to the contracts. While agricultural output goes up significantly, labor productivity stays the same, suggesting that there is greater labor absorption on existing land and the diffusion of this type of technology contract farming at a larger scale throughout Madagascar would be expected to substantially decrease incentives to deforest by increasing wages and boosting productivity of existing lands relative to newly deforested ones.
Supersymmetric Deformations of Type IIB Matrix Model as Matrix Regularization of N=4 SYM
Creators: name: Unsal, Mithat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a $\mathcal{Q}=1$ supersymmetry and $U(1)^5$ global symmetry preserving deformation of the type IIB matrix model. This model, without orbifold projection, serves as a nonperturbative regularization for $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in four Euclidean dimensions. Upon deformation, the eigenvalues of the bosonic matrices are forced to reside on the surface of a hypertorus. We explicitly show the relation between the noncommutative moduli space of the deformed matrix theory and the Brillouin zone of the emergent lattice theory. This observation makes the transmutation of the moduli space into the base space of target field theory clearer. The lattice theory is slightly nonlocal, however the nonlocality is suppressed by the lattice spacing. In the classical continuum limit, we recover the $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM theory. We also discuss the result in terms of D-branes and interpret it as collective excitations of D(-1) branes forming D3 branes.
description: Version 2: Extended discussion of moduli space, added a reference
Fouling by calcium oxalate in aqueous solution
Creators: name: Lencar, Diana R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Calcium oxalate, a normal solubility salt, gives rise to deposits in the human kidneys, and in process equipment in the food and pulp and paper industries. Although crystallization kinetics are available for medical conditions, and solubility data have recently been developed for bleach plant situations, no deposition studies under industrial processing conditions have been reported. In this work, the solubility-temperature relationship for calcium oxalate was first confirmed in beaker tests. A heat transfer loop originally designed for heating experiments was completely re-built to permit thermal fouling measurements under cooling conditions. Supersaturated solutions of calcium oxalate at controlled pH and 75°C formed by rnixing calcium nitrate and sodium oxalate solutions from a 175 L tank were recirculated over periods of about 6 days through a double pipe heat exchanger cooled with water at 5-10°C. The decline in heat transfer coefficient as the deposit formed was monitored with time. A continuous bleed of fresh chemicals was necessary to sustain fouling. The effects on fouling rate and deposition morphology of the pH, initial supersaturation, calcium/oxalate ratio and flow rate were explored. Interpretation of results was complicated by the presence of suspended crystals at high supersaturation. The fouling thermal resistance increased linearly with time so long as fresh oxalate species were added. Fouling ceased when the particles concentration in the solution decreased. In the 6-day runs, the overall heat transfer coefficient declined by 7-58% depending on operating conditions. The pH was varied between 2.2 and 6.3. The initial fouling rate was found to rapidly increase with pH reaching a maximum at pH = 3 and then rapidly decrease and remain constant for pH>4.5. The initial fouling rate also increased with Reynolds number from 8,000, reached a maximum at about 15,000, and then decreased for Re up to 22,000. The maximum initial fouling rate was obtained for a Ca/Ox ratio of 2/1. The initial fouling rate was found to decrease as the initial relative supersaturation increased from 1 to 6 and then remained fairly constant as the supersaturation was further increased to 14.5. Deposits were confirmed to be calcium oxalate monohydrate through thermogravimetric and wet chemical analyses.
Wide spectrum denoising (WSD) for superresolution microscopy imaging using compressed sensing and a high-resolution camera
Creators: name: Cheng, Tao
name: Chen, Danni
name: Li, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wide spectrum denoising (WSD) for superresolution microscopy imaging using compressed sensing and a high-resolution camera
The Impacts of Hurricane Mitch on Child Health: Evidence from Nicaragua
Creators: name: Omitsu, Makiko
name: Yamano, Takashi
name: Omitsu, Makiko
name: Yamano, Takashi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy

description: By taking a rare opportunity to have both pre- and post-disaster survey data in Nicaragua in 1998 and 2001, we estimate the direct impacts of Hurricane Mitch on long-term child health status, measured in height-for-age z-scores, in the pooled cross section model. Especially, we focus on children who were younger than 2.5 years old at the time of Hurricane Mitch because the previous studies show that children under two to three years old are especially vulnerable to shocks. The results indicate that, in the 2001 survey, more than two years after experiencing Hurricane Mitch, children who were younger than 2.5 years old at the time of Hurricane Mitch have 0.35 points lower HAZ-scores and have 6.6 percent higher probability of stunting than expected. Although the poor health status of these children could not be attributed entirely to Hurricane Mitch, we suspect that it is one of the main factors. The results suggest the importance of safety nets programs to mitigate negative impacts on child health in their early childhood.
title: Preface
Creators: name: Hospodár, Michal
name: Jirásková, Galina
name: Pighizzini, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Institut für Informatik, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen
Year: 2020

description: Journal of Automata, Languages and Combinatorics, Volume 25, Numbers 2-3, 2020, 81-82
Complementarity between Irrigation and Fertilizer Technologies - A Justification for Increased Irrigation Investment in the Less-Favored Areas of SSA
Creators: name: Yilma, Tsegaye
name: Berger, Thomas
name: Yilma, Tsegaye
name: Berger, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: There is a downward spiral of declining soil fertility, low crop yield and increasing poverty in the less-favored areas of SSA. The semi-arid tropics of northern Ghana share this episode. The soils in this part of the country are naturally less endowed, have little organic matter content and farmers use very little inorganic fertilizer. Existing studies indicate that the erratic nature of rainfall in the area increases risk and constrains farmers' investment on inorganic fertilizer. However, agronomic studies suggest that promotion of sustainable use of inorganic fertilizer is indispensable at least in the short to medium term to break the downward spiral. Therefore, promoting sustainable use of inorganic fertilizer use remains to be a policy challenge. This paper argues that in spite of observed disinvestment on irrigation both by governments and donors there is significant complementarity between irrigation and inorganic fertilizer use in the less-favored areas of northern Ghana. This implies that increased irrigation investment in the semi-arid tropics of SSA can be justified given its importance in reducing rainfall risk and boosting inorganic fertilizer use.
Infection fatality ratio of SARS-CoV-2 in Italy
Creators: name: Poletti, Piero
name: Tirani, Marcello
name: Cereda, Danilo
name: Trentini, Filippo
name: Guzzetta, Giorgio
name: Marziano, Valentina
name: Buoro, Sabrina
name: Riboli, Simona
name: Crottogini, Lucia
name: Piccarreta, Raffaella
name: Piatti, Alessandra
name: Grasselli, Giacomo
name: Melegaro, Alessia
name: Gramegna, Maria
name: Ajelli, Marco
name: Merler, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We analyzed 5,484 close contacts of COVID-19 cases from Italy, all of them tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection. We found an infection fatality ratio of 2.2% (95%CI 1.69-2.81%) and identified male sex, age >70 years, cardiovascular comorbidities, and infection early in the epidemics as risk factors for death.
title: Generating Networks of Evolutionary Processors with Resources Restricted and Structure Limited Filters
Creators: name: Dassow, Jürgen
name: Truthe, Bianca
Publisher: name: Institut für Informatik, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen
Year: 2020

description: In this paper, we continue the research on networks of evolutionary processors where the filters belong to several special families of regular languages. These subregular families are defined by restricting the resources needed for generating or accepting them (the number of states of the minimal deterministic finite automaton accepting a language of the family as well as the number of non-terminal symbols or the number of production rules of a right-linear grammar generating such a language). We insert the newly defined language families into the hierachy of language families obtained by using as filters languages of other subregular families (such as languages which are ordered, non-counting, power-separating, circular, suffix-closed regular, union-free, definite, combinational, finite, monoidal, nilpotent, commutative, codes, or ideals).
description: Journal of Automata, Languages and Combinatorics, Volume 25, Numbers 2-3, 2020, 83-113
Constraining dark energy with cross-correlated CMB and Large Scale Structure data
Creators: name: Corasaniti, P. S.
name: Giannantonio, T.
name: Melchiorri, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of constraining dark energy with the Integrated Sachs Wolfe effect recently detected by cross-correlating the WMAP maps with several Large Scale Structure surveys. In agreement with previous works, we found that, under the assumption of a flat universe, the ISW signal is a promising tool for constraining dark energy. Current available data put weak limits on a constant dark energy equation of state w. We also find no constraints on the dark energy sound speed c_e^2. For quintessence-like dark energy (c_e^2=1) we find w
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, extended discussion on baryon density and covariance matrix, matches PRD accepted version
A laser-driven target of high-density nuclear polarized hydrogen gas
Creators: name: Clasie, B.
name: Crawford, C.
name: Seely, J.
name: Xu, W.
name: Dutta, D.
name: Gao, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the best figure-of-merit achieved for an internal nuclear polarized hydrogen gas target and a Monte Carlo simulation of spin-exchange optical pumping. The dimensions of the apparatus were optimized using the simulation and the experimental results were in good agreement with the simulation. The best result achieved for this target was 50.5% polarization with 58.2% degree of dissociation of the sample beam exiting the storage cell at a hydrogen flow rate of $1.1\times 10^{18}$ atoms/s.
description: Accepted as a Rapid Communication article in Phys. Rev. A
Bacterial molecular mimicry in autoimmune diseases
Creators: name: Palma, Marco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60501 Bacteriology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 60502 Infectious Agents
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: Medicine

description: Bacterial molecular mimicry in autoimmune diseases is one of the leading mechanisms by which microorganisms may induce autoimmunity and survive in the host. The main purpose of the current study was to determine the main microbes that elicit autoimmune reactions through molecular mimicry and identify the most relevant approaches to investigate this mechanism. A classic example is the M protein of Streptococcus pyogenes, which induces antibody cross-reactivity with a cardiac protein and causes rheumatic fever. Another notable example is the protein from Porphyromonas gingivalis that closely resembles the human heat shock protein and accelerates atherosclerotic. There is evidence that antibodies against Helicobacter pylori CagA interact with different parts of smooth muscle and endothelial cells enhancing atherosclerotic vascular disease. Recently, one cause of infertility has been associated with Staphylococcus aureus molecular mimicry that triggers an antibody response that cross-reacts with human spermatozoa proteins. Further examples of bacterial molecular mimicry are associated with Chlamydia pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Yersinia, and Salmonella. From the literature, the most widely used methods in this field are Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST), serological assays, and phage display. The subjects of particular concern are vaccine cross-reactivity and immunosuppressive drugs side-effects, therefore alternative approaches are needed. Such an approach is phage display where therapeutic antibody fragments obtained by this technique have been used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases by neutralizing the pathological effects of autoantibodies. Phage display libraries are constructed from the antibody repertoires of autoimmune disease patients. Antibody fragments without the Fc domain can not interact with Fc receptors and proteins of the complement system and trigger autoimmune diseases. Another approach is to block the Fc receptors. In conclusion, this review highlights key aspects of bacterial molecular mimicry to better understand the factors associated with autoimmune diseases and encourage further research in this field.
title: Automata That May Change Their Mind
Creators: name: Holzer, Markus
name: Kutrib, Martin
Publisher: name: Institut für Informatik, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen
Year: 2020

description: We introduce the concept of mind-changing automata. Basically, the idea is that at the outset the automaton is partially deterministic. Whenever the automaton encounters a situation for which it has an undefined transition, it may choose an appropriate transition out of a set of available transitions. The chosen transition is then added to the transition function. Finally, whenever the automaton is in a situation for which a transition is defined, it can change its mind and interchange the transition by an alternative transition from the set of available transitions. So, the number of transition changes is a natural parameter of the devices considered. We show that mind-changing finite automata (MCFAs) only accept regular languages. Moreover, we prove that, from a descriptional complexity point of view, a single mind-change is already better than nondeterminism, that is, there is a sequence of regular languages $(L_n)_{n\geq 3}$ accepted by $n$-state complete MCFA with a single alternative transition with at most one mind-change such that any nondeterministic finite automaton accepting $L_n$ requires at least $n+\log n-1$ states. Moreover, we perform a basic study on computational complexity issues for MCFAs with transition changes limited to a single state. We also consider mind-changing pushdown automata proving that the families of languages induced by the number of mind-changes lie strictly in between the deterministic context-free and context-free language families and form a proper mind-change hierarchy. What concerns the descriptional complexity of these level, it can be shown that there are non-recursive trade-offs between the hierarchy levels of mind-changing pushdown automata, that is, the change in description size cannot be bounded by any recursive function.
description: Journal of Automata, Languages and Combinatorics, Volume 25, Numbers 2-3, 2020, 115-140
title: Forbidden Patterns for Ordered Automata
Creators: name: Klíma, Ondřej
name: Polák, Libor
Publisher: name: Institut für Informatik, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen
Year: 2020

description: The contribution concerns decision procedures in the algebraic theory of regular languages. Among others, various versions of forbidden patterns or configurations in automata are treated in the existing literature. Basically, one looks for certain subgraphs of the minimal automaton of a given language to decide whether this language does not belong to a given significant class of regular languages. We survey numerous known examples and we build a general theory covering the most of familiar ones. The chosen formalism differs from existing ones and the generalization to ordered automata enables us to reformulate some of known examples in a uniform shape. We also describe certain sufficient assumptions on the forbidden pattern which ensure that the corresponding class of languages forms a robust class in the sense of natural closure properties.
description: Journal of Automata, Languages and Combinatorics, Volume 25, Numbers 2-3, 2020, 141-169
Hematological Adverse Events Associated with Anti-MRSA Agents: A Real-World Analysis Based on FAERS
Creators: name: Xiuheng, Yu
name: Xiaodan, Zhou
name: Min, Li
name: Yu, Zhao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: This study investigated the patterns of hematological adverse events related to daptomycin (DAP), tigecycline (TIG), vancomycin (VAN) and linezolid (LIN) in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Adverse event associations were analyzed through calculating reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), multiple gamma Poisson shrinkage (MGPS), and Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN). A comprehensive descriptive analysis was also conducted considering factors such as age, gender, daily dose, cumulative dose, and time to onset. The leading hematologic adverse events were eosinophilia for daptomycin, coagulation abnormalities and thrombocytopenia for tigecycline, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and anemia for linezolid, and thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia, and neutropenia for vancomycin. Most of the affected patients were over 55 years old. Daily doses for the tigecycline and daptomycin groups exceeded the standard daily dose. The times to onset were 14.00 days for daptomycin (interquartile range [IQR], 4.00-21.00), 6.00 days for tigecycline (IQR, 2.00-9.00), 10.00 days for linezolid (IQR, 4.00-16.5), and 10.00 days for vancomycin (IQR,5.00-20.00). It is essential to intensify early monitoring and identification of these adverse events, especially in the context of off-label dosages and for elderly patients and individuals taking medication for over one week.
title: On Two-Sided Locally Testable Languages
Creators: name: Kutrib, Martin
name: Otto, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Institut für Informatik, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen
Year: 2020

description: We extend the two-sided strictly locally testable languages to the two-sided locally testable languages, showing that for each integer $k\ge 1$ and each symmetric binary relation $R$ on $\Sigma^k$, the family $2LT_R(k)$ of $k$-$R$-testable languages is obtained as a special kind of Boolean closure of the family of two-sided strictly $k$-testable languages. We further study closure and non-closure properties, prove that all two-sided locally testable languages are even linear languages that are learnable in the limit from positive data, and we study decision problems for two-sided locally testable languages.
description: Journal of Automata, Languages and Combinatorics, Volume 25, Numbers 2-3, 2020, 171-199
X-ray Emission from Megamaser Galaxy IC 2560
Creators: name: Madejski, Greg
name: Done, Chris
name: Zycki, Piotr
name: Greenhill, Lincoln
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observation of the H2O megamaser galaxy IC 2560 with the Chandra Observatory reveals a complex spectrum composed of soft X-ray emission due to multi-temperature thermal plasma, and a hard continuum with strong emission lines. The continuum is most likely a Compton reflection (reprocessing) of primary emission that is completely absorbed at least up to 7 keV. The lines can be identified with fluorescence from Si, S and Fe in the lowest ionization stages. The equivalent widths of the Si and S lines are broadly compatible with those anticipated for reprocessing by optically thick cold plasma of Solar abundances, while the large equivalent width of the Fe line requires some overabundance of iron. A contribution to the line from a transmitted component cannot be ruled out, but the limits on the strength of the Compton shoulder make it less likely. From the bolometric luminosity of the nuclear region, we infer that the source radiates at 1 - 10% of its Eddington luminosity, for an adopted central mass of 3 million Solar masses. The overall spectrum is consistent with the hypotheses that the central engines powering the detected megamsers in accretion disks are obscured from direct view by the associated accretion disk material itself, and that there is a correlation between the occurrence of megamaser emission and Compton-thick absorption columns. For the 11 known galaxies with both column density measurements and maser emission believed to arise from accretion disks, eight AGN are Compton thick.
description: Accepted by the Astrophysical Journal
Melbourne: The archaeology of a world city
Creators: name: Lawrence, Susan
name: Davies, Peter
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4303
subject: Historical studies
classificationCode: 4301
subject: Archaeology

description: Reviewing the results of several decades of excavation in the center of Melbourne, Australia, provides the opportunity to reflect on what archaeological evidence has to contribute to understandings of the colonial city. The city has been shaped by its role as a colonial entrepot, a gold rush port, and a nineteenth-century metropolitan center. Its rich archaeological record derives from the intersection of heritage controls and a development boom. Data from archaeological excavations drives new perspectives on Melbourne itself, revealing a city intimately connected with the gold rush boom that fuelled its growth. Archaeological data also shed light on the specific and distinctive historical circumstances that influenced the development of cities established in the nineteenth century, including transnational migration and trade along with emerging concerns over public health and sanitation.