cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
False-positive myeloperoxidase binding activity due to DNA/anti-DNA antibody complexes: a source for analytical error in serologic evaluation of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies
Creators: name: Jethwa, H. S.
name: Jennette, J. C.
name: Nachman, P. H.
name: Falk, R. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Anti-myeloperoxidase antibodies (anti-MPO) are a major type of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA). While evaluating anti-MPO monoclonal antibodies from SCG/Kj mice, we observed several hybridomas that appeared to react with both MPO and DNA. Sera from some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) also react with MPO and DNA. We hypothesized that the MPO binding activity is a false-positive result due to the binding of DNA, contained within the antigen binding site of anti-DNA antibodies, to the cationic MPO. Antibodies from tissue culture supernatants from ‘dual reactive’ hybridomas were purified under high-salt conditions (3 m NaCl) to remove any antigen bound to antibody. The MPO and DNA binding activity were measured by ELISA. The MPO binding activity was completely abrogated while the DNA binding activity remained. The MPO binding activity was restored, in a dose-dependent manner, by the addition of increasing amount of calf-thymus DNA (CT-DNA) to the purified antibody. Sera from six patients with SLE that reacted with both MPO and DNA were treated with DNase and showed a decrease in MPO binding activity compared with untreated samples. MPO binding activity was observed when CT-DNA was added to sera from SLE patients that initially reacted with DNA but not with MPO. These results suggest that the DNA contained within the antigen binding site of anti-DNA antibodies could bind to the highly cationic MPO used as substrate antigen in immunoassays, resulting in a false-positive test.
(207) Francis Valentine
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Origin and evolution of plastids and mitochondria : the phylogenetic diversity of algae
Creators: name: BOYEN, Catherine
name: OUDOT, Marie-Pierre
name: LOISEAUX-DE GOER, Susan
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2001

description: This review presents an account of the current knowledge concerning the endosymbiotic origin of plastids and
 mitochondria. The importance of algae as providing a large reservoir of diversified evolutionary models is emphasized.
 Several reviews describing the plastidial and mitochondrial genome organization and gene content have been published
 recently. Therefore we provide a survey of the different approaches that are used to investigate the evolution of organellar
 genomes since the endosymbiotic events. The importance of integrating population genetics concepts to understand better
 the global evolution of the cytoplasmically inherited organelles is especially emphasized.
(202) Margaret Kerr
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Butyrate modulates intestinal epithelial cell-mediated neutrophil migration
Creators: name: SARTOR, R. B.
name: SINGER, M. V.
name: NEBE, T.
name: PANJA, A.
name: JOBIN, C.
name: ROSSOL, S.
name: HOLT, L.
name: HERWECK, F.
name: BOCKER, U.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid released by colonic bacteria and administered therapeutically in inflammatory bowel diseases, exerts immunomodulatory properties. The aim of the study was to determine the functional consequences of butyrate exposure on the proinflammatory responsiveness of human intestinal epithelial cells (IEC). IL-8 promoter activity in IEC pretreated with butyrate then exposed to proinflammatory stimuli was assayed by transfection of luciferase constructs. IL-8 secretion was determined by ELISA and neutrophil migration by flow cytometry. Receptor mRNA was assessed by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Butyrate modulated proinflammatory IL-8 secretion differentially in Caco-2 and HT-29 cells on the transcriptional level. Pointing to the potentially underlying mechanism of increased IL-1β-stimulated IL-8 secretion in HT-29 cells, butyrate up-regulated IL-1RI mRNA but not IL-1RII. Butyrate pretreatment of IEC lines stimulated by IL-1β modulated neutrophil migration significantly: reduction towards Caco-2 and enhancement towards HT-29/p cells. Pharmacological inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases or treatment with mesalamine or sulphasalazine diminished IL-1β-stimulated IL-8 secretion by butyrate-exposed HT-29 cells substantially. Immunomodulatory effects of butyrate on IEC are functionally relevant for neutrophil migration. Pharmacological inhibition of enhanced IL-1β-mediated IL-8 secretion in a subpopulation of IEC may improve the clinical efficacy of butyrate.
title: La singularité dans les systèmes complexes
Creators: name: BADARIOTTI, Dominique
Publisher: name: Journal of Interdisciplinary Methodologies and Issues in Science - JIMIS-CNRS-Episciences-ESPACE-Agorantic
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Singularité
subject: Philosophie
subject: Sciences humaines et sociales
subject: Sciences exactes
subject: Complexité

description: Le thème de la singularité, si difficile à aborder dans un système de pensée purement cartésien, peut devenir un thème d’étude et de questionnements dans le domaine des systèmes complexes naturels et artificiels où la singularité des émergences invite à s’interroger sur cette caractéristique particulière. Pour autant, ce thème demande à être davantage investigué tant les 10 acceptions sont différentes, d’une discipline à l’autre, derrière ce mot. Au delà des différences, on peut réduire le concept de singularité à cinq catégories fondamentales de  compréhension par delà les disciplines.
Reduced ratio of protective versus proinflammatory cytokine responses to commensal bacteria in HLA-B27 transgenic rats
Creators: name: DIELEMAN, L. A.
name: TORRES, M. F.
name: QIAN, B.-F.
name: TORRICE, C. D.
name: TONKONOGY, S. L.
name: SARTOR, R. B.
name: HOENTJEN, F.
name: SPRENGERS, D.
name: TJWA, E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Germ-free HLA-B27 transgenic (TG) rats do not develop colitis, but colonization with specific pathogen-free (SPF) bacteria induces colitis accompanied by immune activation. To study host-dependent immune responses to commensal caecal bacteria we investigated cytokine profiles in mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells from HLA-B27 TG versus nontransgenic (non-TG) littermates after in vitro stimulation with caecal bacterial lysates (CBL). Supernatants from CBL-stimulated unseparated T- or B- cell-depleted MLN cells from HLA-B27 TG and non-TG littermates were analysed for IFN-γ, IL-12, TNF, IL-10 and TGF-β production. Our results show that unfractionated TG MLN cells stimulated with CBL produced more IFN-γ, IL-12 and TNF than did non-TG MLN cells. In contrast, CBL-stimulated non-TG MLN cells produced more IL-10 and TGF-β. T cell depletion abolished IFN-γ and decreased IL-12 production, but did not affect IL-10 and TGF-β production. Conversely, neither IL-10 nor TGF-β was produced in cultures of B cell-depleted MLN. In addition, CD4+ T cells enriched from MLN of HLA-B27 TG but not from non-TG rats produced IFN-γ when cocultured with CBL-pulsed antigen presenting cells from non-TG rats. Interestingly, IL-10 and TGF-β, but not IFN-γ, IL-12 and TNF were produced by MLN cells from germ-free TG rats. These results indicate that the colitis that develops in SPF HLA-B27 TG rats is accompanied by activation of IFN-γ-producing CD4+ T cells that respond to commensal bacteria. However, B cell cytokine production in response to components of commensal intestinal microorganisms occurs in the absence of intestinal inflammation.
KCDC - The KASCADE Cosmic-ray Data Centre
Creators: name: Haungs, A.
name: Bluemer, J.
name: Fuchs, B.
name: Kang, D.
name: Schoo, S.
name: Wochele, D.
name: Wochele, J.
name: Apel, W. D.
name: Arteaga-Velazquez, J. C.
name: Bekk, K.
name: Bertaina, M.
name: Bozdog, H.
name: Brancus, I. M.
name: Cantoni, E.
name: Chiavassa, A.
name: Cossavella, F.
name: Daumiller, K.
name: de Souza, V.
name: Di Pierro, F.
name: Doll, P.
name: Engel, R.
name: Fuhrmann, D.
name: Gherghel-Lascu, A.
name: Gils, H. J.
name: Glasstetter, R.
name: Grupen, C.
name: Heck, D.
name: Hoerandel, J. R.
name: Huber, D.
name: Huege, T.
name: Kampert, K. H.
name: Klages, H. O.
name: Link, K.
name: Luczak, P.
name: Mathes, H. J.
name: Mayer, H. J.
name: Milke, J.
name: Mitrica, B.
name: Morello, C.
name: Oehlschlaeger, J.
name: Ostapchenko, S.
name: Palmieri, N.
name: Petcu, M.
name: Pierog, T.
name: Rebel, H.
name: Roth, M.
name: Schieler, H.
name: Schroeder, F. G.
name: Sima, O.
name: Toma, G.
name: Trinchero, G. C.
name: Ulrich, H.
name: Weindl, A.
name: Zabierowski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: KCDC, the KASCADE Cosmic-ray Data Centre, is a web portal, where data of astroparticle physics experiments will be made available for the interested public. The KASCADE experiment, financed by public money, was a large-area detector for the measurement of high-energy cosmic rays via the detection of air showers. KASCADE and its extension KASCADE-Grande stopped finally the active data acquisition of all its components including the radio EAS experiment LOPES end of 2012 after more than 20 years of data taking. In a first release, with KCDC we provide to the public the measured and reconstructed parameters of more than 160 million air showers. In addition, KCDC provides the conceptional design, how the data can be treated and processed so that they are also usable outside the community of experts in the research field. Detailed educational examples make a use also possible for high-school students and early stage researchers.
description: 8 pages, accepted proceeding of the ECRS-symposium, Kiel, 2014
Fish assemblage in the Hairtail Protected Area, East China Sea in relation to environmental variables
Creators: name: SAMBOU, Olivier Sihandiebe
name: KANG, Bin
name: XU, Hanxiang
name: ZHOU, Yongdong
name: PANHWAR, Sher Khan
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2020

description: The East China Sea (ECS) supports some of the most important fisheries and stocks of China. The rapid economic development and subsequent multiple pressures led to a concomitant decline of fisheries resources. To protect and restore the fisheries resources the Government has implemented the Hairtail Protected Area (HPA) in 2008. In 2012-2013 we conducted spring and autumn surveys using bottom trawling to investigate the effects of protected policy on fisheries recovery in the HPA. Species richness and composition were determined. A total of 138 fish species were collected, belonging to 2 classes, 17 orders and 57 families. Fish biomass and abundance increased in autumn and decreased in spring. Eight species were considered as dominant species, respectively accounting for 51.4% in 2012 and 48.6% in 2013 of the total biomass. Except Trichiurus lepturus and Harpogon nehereus, the dominant species were replaced by small-sized species, and the dominant species in HPA showed obviously seasonal turnover. Temperature was the most influential variable to shape the fish assemblage in the HPA. Salinity was also important in determining fish composition except in spring 2012. This study provides information for strategizing management of HPA.
Manipulation of Dirac Cones in Mechanical Graphene
Creators: name: Kariyado, Toshikaze
name: Hatsugai, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanical graphene, which is a spring-mass model with the honeycomb structure, is investigated. The vibration spectrum is dramatically changed by controlling only one parameter, spring tension at equilibrium. In the spectrum, there always exist Dirac cones at K- and K'-points. As the tension is modified, extra Dirac cones are created and annihilated in pairs. When the time reversal symmetry is broken by uniform rotation of the system, creation and annihilation of the Dirac cones result in a jump of the appropriately defined Chern number. Then, a flip of the propagation direction of the chiral edge modes takes place, which gives an experimental way to detect the topological transition. This is a bulk-edge correspondence of the classical system. We also demonstrate the other important concept, symmetry protection of the topological states, is at work in the classical system. For the time reversal invariant case, the topological edge modes exist for the fixed boundary condition but not for the free boundary condition. This contrast originates from the symmetry breaking at the free boundary.
description: 7 figures
(203) William Valentine
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Periclimenes crosnieri Li & Bruce, 2006 (Crustacea: Pontoniinae) from the Gambier Islands
Creators: name: BRUCE, Alexander J.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2014

description: A single specimen of the pontoniine shrimp Periclimenes crosnieri Li & Bruce, 2006, has been collected from a trap at 530 m off the Gambier Islands. Previously known only from the holotype specimen from the Tanimbar Islands, Indonesia, collected in 1981, at 302-305 m, this record indicates a wide distribution for this species in the Western Pacific region. A key for the identification of the "Periclimenes foresti species group" is provided.
Salvia miltiorrhiza water-soluble extract, but not its constituent salvianolic acid B, abrogates LPS-induced NF-kappaB signalling in intestinal epithelial cells
Creators: name: Narula, A. S.
name: Jobin, C.
name: Kim, J. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Herbal medicine has become an increasing popular therapeutic alternative among patients suffering from various inflammatory disorders. The Salvia miltiorrhizae water-soluble extract (SME) have been shown to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro. However, the mechanism of action and impact of SME on LPS-induced gene expression is still unknown. We report that SME significantly abrogated LPS-induced IκB phosphorylation/degradation, NF-κB transcriptional activity and ICAM-1 gene expression in rat IEC-18 cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that LPS-induced RelA recruitment to the ICAM-1 gene promoter was inhibited by SME. Moreover, in vitro kinase assay showed that SME directly inhibits LPS induced IκB kinase (IKK) activity in IEC-18 cells. To investigate the physiological relevance of SME inhibitory activity on NF-κB signalling, we used small intestinal explants and primary intestinal epithelial cells derived from a transgenic mouse expressing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the transcriptional control of NF-κB cis-elements (cis-NF-κBEGFP). SME significantly blocked LPS-induced EGFP expression and IκBα phosphorylation in intestinal explants and primary IECs, respectively. However, salvianolic acid B, an activate component of SME did not inhibit NF-κB transcriptional activity and IκB phosphorylation/degradation in IEC-18 cells. These results indicate that SME blocks LPS-induced NF-κB signalling pathway by targeting the IKK complex in intestinal epithelial cells. Modulation of bacterial product-mediated NF-κB signalling by natural plant extracts may represent an attractive strategy towards the prevention and treatment of intestinal inflammation.
Novel Bounds for the Normalized Laplacian Estrada and Normalized Energy Index of Graphs
Creators: name: Clemente, Gian Paolo
name: Cornaro, Alessandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a simple and connected graph, several lower and upper bounds of graph invariants expressed in terms of the eigenvalues of the normalized Laplacian matrix have been proposed in literature. In this paper, through a unified approach based on majorization techniques, we provide some novel inequalities depending on additional information on the localization of the eigenvalues of the normalized Laplacian matrix. Some numerical examples show how sharper results can be obtained with respect to those existing in literature.
Adoptive transfer of nontransgenic mesenteric lymph node cells induces colitis in athymic HLA-B27 transgenic nude rats
Creators: name: Tonkonogy, S. L.
name: Sartor, R. B.
name: Dieleman, L. A.
name: Taurog, J. D.
name: Liu, B.
name: Hoentjen, F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: HLA-B27 transgenic (TG) rats develop spontaneous colitis when colonized with intestinal bacteria, whereas athymic nude (rnu/rnu) HLA-B27 TG rats remain disease free. The present study was designed to determine whether or not HLA-B27 expression on T cells is required for development of colitis after transfer of mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells into rnu/rnu HLA-B27 recipients. Athymic nontransgenic (non-TG) and HLA-B27 TG recipients received MLN cells from either TG or non-TG rnu/+ heterozygous donor rats that contain T cells. HLA-B27 TG rnu/rnu recipients receiving either non-TG or TG MLN cells developed severe colitis and had higher caecal MPO and IL-1β levels, and their MLN cells produced more IFN-γ and less IL-10 after in vitro stimulation with caecal bacterial lysate compared to rnu/rnu non-TG recipients that remained disease free after receiving either TG or non-TG cells. Interestingly, proliferating donor TG T cells were detectable one week after adoptive transfer into rnu/rnu TG recipients but not after transfer into non-TG recipients. T cells from either non-TG or TG donors induce colitis in rnu/rnu TG but not in non-TG rats, suggesting that activation of effector T cells by other cell types that express HLA-B27 is pivotal for the pathogenesis of colitis in this model.
Taxonomy and ecology of sandy beach Eurydice (Crustacea, Isopoda, Cirolanidae) from the West coast of South Africa
Creators: name: BRUCE, Niel L.
name: SOARES, Alexandre G.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1996

description: Eurydice barnardi sp. nov., and Eurydice kensleyi sp. nov., are described from intertidal sandy beaches on the West coast of South Africa. The former species appears adapted to a fossorial existence, probably feeding on nematodes, while the latter is a more active swimmer which feeds on polychaetes. Eurydice longicornis, a subtidal species long considered the only species of the genus in South Africa, is redescribed from the type material. The ecology and biology of the species are detailed, and a key provided to the South African species Eurydice.
T cell-mediated oral tolerance is intact in germ-free mice
Creators: name: Balfour Sartor, R.
name: Fisher, N. C.
name: Walton, K. L. W.
name: Galanko, J. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Commensal enteric bacteria stimulate innate immune cells and increase numbers of lamina propria and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) T and B lymphocytes. However, the influence of luminal bacteria on acquired immune function is not understood fully. We investigated the effects of intestinal bacterial colonization on T cell tolerogenic responses to oral antigen compared to systemic immunization. Lymphocytes specific for ovalbumin–T cell receptor (OVA–TCR Tg+) were transplanted into germ-free (GF) or specific pathogen-free (SPF) BALB/c mice. Recipient mice were fed OVA or immunized subcutaneously with OVA peptide (323–339) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Although the efficiency of transfer was less in GF recipients, similar proportions of cells from draining peripheral lymph node (LN) or MLN were proliferating 3–4 days later in vivo in GF and SPF mice. In separate experiments, mice were fed tolerogenic doses of OVA and then challenged with an immunogenic dose of OVA 4 days later. Ten days after immunization, lymphocytes were restimulated with OVA in vitro to assess antigen-specific proliferative responses. At both high and low doses of OVA, cells from both SPF and GF mice fed OVA prior to immunization had decreased proliferation compared to cells from control SPF or GF mice. In addition, secretion of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-10 by OVA–TCR Tg+ lymphocytes was reduced in both SPF and GF mice fed OVA compared to control SPF or GF mice. Unlike previous reports indicating defective humoral responses to oral antigen in GF mice, our results indicate that commensal enteric bacteria do not enhance the induction of acquired, antigen-specific T cell tolerance to oral OVA.
(200) Christiana Dennistoun Speirs
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Acute HIV infection: the impact of anti-retroviral treatment on cellular immune responses
Creators: name: Ferrari, G.
name: Hicks, C. B.
name: Gay, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The overall value of initiating anti-retroviral therapy during the acute phase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection remains unclear. From a clinical perspective, the lack of data from controlled randomized clinical trials limits understanding of long-term effects of treatment on the clinical course of HIV infection. Based on available data, the impact of anti-retroviral therapy during acute infection on the immune response against HIV-1 is not particularly encouraging. Recent observations on the very early depletion of lymphocyte reservoirs in the gastrointestinal tract may partially explain the limited benefit of anti-retroviral therapy initiated during the acute phase of HIV-1 infection. This may also help to explain the dichotomy between early observations demonstrating apparent immunological benefit with early anti-retroviral treatment that were associated none the less with inability to control viral replication following treatment interruption.
title: Singularités, objectivité et performativité en sciences sociales
Creators: name: TRONCON, Samuel
Publisher: name: Journal of Interdisciplinary Methodologies and Issues in Science - JIMIS-CNRS-Episciences-ESPACE-Agorantic
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Singularité
subject: Régularité
subject: Normalisation
subject: SHS
subject: Épistémologie
subject: Systèmes

description: Cet article a pour objet de proposer une double articulation pour l'analyse des systèmes théoriques en SHS qui permette une interaction facilitée avec l'informatique et les sciences de la nature, et qui donne des clefs épistémologiques pour étudier l'évolution de ces systèmes, leurs particularités et leurs adaptations possibles aux objets étudiés. Sans pouvoir être exhaustifs, nous tentons de proposer des ouvertures, en nous basant sur la logique et la géométrie de la connaissance, et en tenant compte de la spécificité des sciences humaines et sociales.
On the adapted math. course for hight scool students interested in chemistry
Creators: name: Belov, A. J.
name: Shnider, G. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 97A+97U

description: The paper describes methodology of math education for students interested in chemistry. Suppose we have mathematical circle 2 hours per week. What can be done? We can not provide any systematic study, but we can choose one subject and show that mathematical beauty and sense corresponds to physical sense and this provide new understanding. This sample provide right view on mathematics which can be fruitful for students future carrier. Person gets an impression how to deal with mathematics.
description: 5 pages, in Russian
Epigenetics and complementary proteins: Epigenetics and complementary proteins
Creators: name: Falk, R. J.
name: Ciavatta, D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Although studies on the immunopathogenesis of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA) vasculitis have been directed at understanding the autoantibody, there is growing evidence that points to the importance of ANCA autoantigen genes and their regulation. Transcriptional analysis indicates that ANCA autoantigen genes are active in mature neutrophils of ANCA vasculitis patients compared to healthy controls. The unusual transcriptional state of neutrophils from ANCA vasculitis patients appears to be a consequence of failed or disrupted epigenetic silencing. Defective epigenetic silencing could have global effects, by altering the transcriptional and phenotypic state of neutrophils, or local effects by permitting transcription of autoantigen genes from both strands resulting in anti-sense transcripts. Although the role of anti-sense transcripts is currently unknown, there are two intriguing possibilities. Anti-sense transcripts could function (as described for other genes) in transcriptional silencing of autoantigen genes, which takes place in normal neutrophil progenitors. In the setting of failed epigenetic silencing, the fate of anti-sense transcripts may be pathological and serve as a template for production of complementary autoantigens. The observation that ANCA vasculitis patients have anti-sense transcripts and antibodies to complementary proteins is consistent with a role of anti-sense transcripts in complementary protein production. A better understanding of epigenetic silencing and complementary proteins in ANCA vasculitis may unlock the underlying pathology of this condition.
Near-field interference map due to a dipolar emission near the edge of a monocrystalline gold platelet
Creators: name: Abbasirad, N.
name: Barreda, A.
name: Arslan, D.
name: Steinert, M.
name: Chen, Y.-J.
name: Huang, J.-S.
name: Staude, I.
name: Setzpfandt, F.
name: Pertsch, T.
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publ.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: aperture SNOM
subject: dual-tip SNOM
subject: image dipole
subject: near-field
subject: plasmonics
subject: surface plasmon polaritons
subject: 530

description: Point source excitation and point detection in the near-field provides new perspective to study the near-field optical phenomena of plasmonic nanostructures. Using the automated dual-tip scanning near-field optical microscope (SNOM), we have measured the optical near-field response of a dipolar emission near the edge of a monocrystalline gold platelet. The image dipole method was used to analytically calculate the interference pattern due to surface plasmon polaritons excited at the position of aperture tip and those reflected from edges of the gold platelet. The near-field enhancement was observed on the edges of the gold platelet. Our results verify that automated dual-tip SNOM is an intriguing technique for quantum plasmonic studies where deterministic coupling of quantum emitters and the detection of the near-field enhancement are of great interest.
Nomenclature and classification of vasculitis: lessons learned from granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's granulomatosis): Nomenclature, Classification of vasculitis
Creators: name: Jennette, J.C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Names influence how something is perceived. Diagnostic terms (diagnoses) are the names of diseases that are usually derived either from some distinctive characteristic of the disease or include an eponym recognizing someone who elucidated the disease. No matter how logical and appropriate a name may be, if it is not usable and used it is of no lasting value. This brief commentary focuses on the nomenclature of systemic vasculitides, and uses as a prime example Wegener's granulomatosis, which has been renamed recently ‘granulomatosis with polyangiitis’, in part because of concerns about the suitability of Friedrich Wegener as the source of an eponym. The most distinctive pathological feature of Wegener's granulomatosis is multi-focal necrotizing inflammation that has long been called granulomatosis. The systemic variant of Wegener's granulomatosis also is characterized by inflammation in many different vessels or different types, i.e. polyangiitis. Thus, granulomatosis with polyangiitis is a very appropriate alternative term for Wegener's granulomatosis. This term also is in accord with the name for a closely related vasculitis, i.e. microscopic polyangiitis. Terms that indicate aetiology and pathogenesis, when known, are useful to include in names for diseases (diagnoses). Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies specific for myeloperoxidase (MPO-ANCA) or proteinase 3 (PR3-ANCA) are implicated in the cause of granulomatosis with polyangiitis and thus also should be specified in the diagnosis (e.g. PR3-ANCA-positive granulomatosis with polyangiitis or MPO-ANCA-positive microscopic polyangiitis). As our understanding of the clinical manifestations, pathogenesis and aetiology of vasculitides change over time, the names and approaches for diagnosing these diseases will change accordingly.
CONCHOSTOMA LONGISSIMUM n.g. n. sp., CILIÉ TRICHOSTOME PSAMMOBIE
Creators: name: FAURÉ-FREMIET, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1963

description: The genus Conchostoma is created for a trichostomian citiate, living in the sand, which has a characteristic conchoid form of the vestibular hole, a particular form of the macronucleus and a great length. II is possible, that the species C. longissimum is nearly related to the species Epicophrya cylindrica, described by ¡Kahl ; but in the absence of morphological data, which could permit to define exactly the peristomian structure in this species, it seems preferable to create a new genus for the species described here, which is enlarging the facts of comparative morphology of the Trichostomatida by a new type of the vestibular ciliate structure.
(201) William Buchanan
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A recursive algorithm for multivariate risk measures and a set-valued Bellman's principle
Creators: name: Feinstein, Zachary
name: Rudloff, Birgit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 91B30, 46N10, 26E25, 90C39

description: A method for calculating multi-portfolio time consistent multivariate risk measures in discrete time is presented. Market models for $d$ assets with transaction costs or illiquidity and possible trading constraints are considered on a finite probability space. The set of capital requirements at each time and state is calculated recursively backwards in time along the event tree. We motivate why the proposed procedure can be seen as a set-valued Bellman's principle, that might be of independent interest within the growing field of set optimization. We give conditions under which the backwards calculation of the sets reduces to solving a sequence of linear, respectively convex vector optimization problems. Numerical examples are given and include superhedging under illiquidity, the set-valued entropic risk measure, and the multi-portfolio time consistent version of the relaxed worst case risk measure and of the set-valued average value at risk.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures
Variation in Treatment of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases at Major Referral Centers in the United States
Creators: name: Sands, Bruce
name: Raffals, Laura
name: Ananthakrishnan, Ashwin
name: Sandler, Robert
name: Kwon, Jennifer
name: Rheaume, Robert
name: Kwon, John
name: McGovern, Dermot
name: Stenson, William
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We performed a prospective study of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases to examine variations in treatment among medical centers. In a prospective cohort study of 1659 patients with CD and 946 patients with UC seen at 7 high-volume referral centers, we collected data on demographics, disease characteristic, and medical and surgical treatments. We used logistic regression to determine differences in treatment among centers, controlling for potential confounders. We found significant variations among centers in treatment of CD with immunomodulators (odds ratio [OR], 3.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.09 – 5.32) but not anti-tumor necrosis factor agents (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 0.97 – 2.77). There was less variation in treatment of UC; we found no difference in use of immunomodulators (OR,1.83 95% CI, 1.00 – 3.36) or anti-TNF therapy (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.40 – 1.65). Development and implementation of evidence-based standards of care for IBD may help reduce variation and improve outcomes.
Multifunctional-high resolution imaging plate based on hydrophilic graphene for digital pathology
Creators: name: Lee, Geonhee
name: Oh, Yuna
name: Nam, Jung Tae
name: Ji, Seulgi
name: Jang, A.-Rang
name: Jeong, Du Won
name: Kang, MinSoung
name: Lee, Sun Sook
name: Chae, Soosang
name: Cho, Donghwi
name: Hwang, Jun Yeon
name: Lee, Kyungeun
name: Lee, Jeong-O.
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publ.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM)
subject: graphene
subject: polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)
subject: scanning electron microscope (SEM)
subject: 530

description: In the present study, we showed that hydrophilic graphene can serve as an ideal imaging plate for biological specimens. Graphene being a single-atom-thick semi-metal with low secondary electron emission, array tomography analysis of serial sections of biological specimens on a graphene substrate showed excellent image quality with improved z-axis resolution, without including any conductive surface coatings. However, the hydrophobic nature of graphene makes the placement of biological specimens difficult; graphene functionalized with polydimethylsiloxane oligomer was fabricated using a simple soft lithography technique and then processed with oxygen plasma to provide hydrophilic graphene with minimal damage to graphene. High-quality scanning electron microscopy images of biological specimens free from charging effects or distortion were obtained, and the optical transparency of graphene enabled fluorescence imaging of the specimen; high-resolution correlated electron and light microscopy analysis of the specimen became possible with the hydrophilic graphene plate.
Looking to the future: South African men and women negotiating HIV risk and relationship intimacy
Creators: name: Muravha, Tshifhiwa
name: Coates, Thomas
name: van Rooyen, Heidi
name: Chirowodza, Admire
name: Mindry, Deborah
name: Maman, Suzanne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: This paper examines the approaches heterosexual men and women in South Africa use to engage their partners in discussions of HIV and risk factors in their relationships. These strategies entail balancing the risks of infection while managing the challenges of maintaining a relationship. In a context in which there is a great deal of insecurity in relationships it is especially challenging to discuss HIV risks with partners. Our findings reveal that concerns about children or the desire to have children provided a legitimate basis for discussing HIV risk with partners. The focus of these discussions is on the future for their children. Research in South Africa should attend to men's and women's desires to have and to raise children. HIV prevention and treatment programs can capitalise on concerns regarding children, and the future of the family, to engage men and women in discussing mutually acceptable strategies for preventing infection and ensuring safe conception.
RGS Proteins and Septins Cooperate to Promote Chemotropism by Regulating Polar Cap Mobility
Creators: name: Dixit, Gauri
name: Dohlman, Henrik G.
name: Venkatapurapu, Sai Phanindra
name: Sheetz, Joshua B.
name: Kelley, Joshua B.
name: Elston, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Background—Septins are well known to form a boundary between mother and daughter cells in mitosis, but their role in other morphogenic states is poorly understood. Results—Using microfluidics and live cell microscopy, coupled with new computational methods for image analysis, we investigated septin function during pheromone-dependent chemotropic growth in yeast. We show that septins colocalize with the regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) Sst2, a GTPase-activating protein that dampens pheromone receptor signaling. We show further that the septin structure surrounds the polar cap, ensuring that cell growth is directed toward the source of pheromone. When RGS activity is abrogated, septins are partially disorganized. Under these circumstances the polar cap travels toward septin structures and away from sites of exocytosis, resulting in a loss of gradient tracking. Conclusion—Septin organization is dependent on RGS protein activity. When assembled correctly, septins promote turning of the polar cap and proper tracking of a pheromone gradient.
Using Raman spectroscopy in infection research
Raman-Spektroskopie in der Infektionsforschung
Creators: name: Cialla-May, Dana
name: Rösch, Petra
name: Popp, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Heidelberg : Spektrum
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 570
subject: 540

description: Raman spectroscopy allows to analyze bacteria and other microorganisms label and destruction free. With different Raman techniques either colonies on agar plates or small structures like single bacterial cells can be analyzed allowing for their identification as well as enabling 2D and 3D information of intracellular bacteria or biofilms. Using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) allows detecting and identifying viruses as well as antibiotics relevant in the treatment of infections.
A Family of Wavelets and a new Orthogonal Multiresolution Analysis Based on the Nyquist Criterion
Creators: name: de Oliveira, H. M.
name: Soares, L. R.
name: Falk, T. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A generalisation of the Shannon complex wavelet is introduced, which is related to raised cosine filters. This approach is used to derive a new family of orthogonal complex wavelets based on the Nyquist criterion for Intersymbolic Interference (ISI) elimination. An orthogonal Multiresolution Analysis (MRA) is presented, showing that the roll-off parameter should be kept below 1/3. The pass-band behaviour of the Wavelet Fourier spectrum is examined. The left and right roll-off regions are asymmetric; nevertheless the Q-constant analysis philosophy is maintained. Finally, a generalisation of the (square root) raised cosine wavelets is proposed.
description: 8 pages, 14 figures
Climate information websites: an evolving landscape
Creators: name: Hewitson, Bruce
name: Waagsaether, Katinka
name: Wohland, Jan
name: Kloppers, Kate
name: Kara, Teizeen
Publisher: name: Malden, MA : Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Adaptation response
subject: Climate information
subject: Code of practice
subject: Community of practice
subject: Information provision
subject: Representative sample
subject: Robust solutions
subject: Variable content
subject: 550

description: The climate change agenda is populated by actors and agencies with different objectives, values, and motivations, yet many seek decision scale climate information to inform policy and adaptation responses. A central element of this network of activity is the climate information website (CIW) that has seen a rapid and organic growth, yet with variable content and quality, and unfettered by any code of practice. This builds an ethical–epistemic dilemma that warrants assessment as the presence of CIWs contribute to real-world consequences and commitment. This study considers the context of CIW growth, and reviews a representative sample of CIWs to draw out key issues for consideration in CIW development. We assess content, function, and use-case value through a dual approach of a typology and user experience narratives to evaluate the general efficacy of a CIW. The typology reveals strong contrasts in content, complicated interfaces, and an overload of choice making it difficult to converge on a stable outcome. The narratives capture user experience and highlight barriers that include navigation difficulties, jargon laden content, minimal or opaque guidance, and inferred information without context about uncertainty and limits to skill. This illuminates four concerns: (1) the ethics of information provision in a context of real-world consequences; (2) interfaces that present barriers to achieving robust solutions; (3) weak capacity of both users and providers to identify information of value from the multimodel and multimethod data; and (4) inclusion of data that infer skill. Nonetheless, results provide a positive indication of a community of practice that is still maturing. WIREs Clim Change 2017, 8:e470. doi: 10.1002/wcc.470. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
Bildbasierte Orientierung im Outdoorbereich
Creators: name: Praschl, Christoph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Especially in the field of augmented reality, spatial orientation is of high relevance for applications. Apart from the position in the three-dimensional space, this is one of the most important factors to be able to represent virtual objects in space precisely and correctly. The orientation in the case of so-called head-mounted displays, such as the Microsoft HoloLens, is equal to the direction of view, whereby this data decides about which information is displayed in the user´s field of view and which is not. From the current state of the art this is primarily achieved marker-based with visual indications in the environment and/or with the help of sensors.
 Based on the augmented reality frameworks Vuforia and Kudan AR, this paper discusses two common possibilities for marker-based
 determination of the own orientation and describes the problem of this feature-based approach that applications depend on a single fixed position or on an enormous number of reference images for each virtual object. This lack of practicality leads to the necessity of an alternative approach from which the aim of this discourse is derived to find a feature-independent, image-based attempt, that determines the orientation based on the calculation of the image shift. This approach is based on the hypothesis, which states that the rotation around one's own axis can be determined in a simplified mannerby a translation of the input images.
 The implementation of this hypothesis is evaluated premised on several test scenarios. Based on these results, the question of this paper "Is it possible to determine outdoor the precise orientation in space at a constant starting point with image-based processes?" is answered and is considered as underpinned because of the evaluation result of a median difference of 0.00015° between the real and the calculated rotation.
(198) John Robert Speirs (jnr)
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.