cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Cosmic Background Imager 2
Creators: name: Taylor, Angela C.
name: Jones, Michael E.
name: Allison, James R.
name: Angelakis, Emmanouil
name: Bond, J. Richard
name: Bronfman, Leonardo
name: Bustos, Ricardo
name: Davis, Richard J.
name: Dickinson, Clive
name: Leech, Jamie
name: Mason, Brian S.
name: Myers, Steven T.
name: Pearson, Timothy J.
name: Readhead, Anthony C. S.
name: Reeves, Rodrigo
name: Shepherd, Martin C.
name: Sievers, Jonathan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe an upgrade to the Cosmic Background Imager instrument to increase its surface brightness sensitivity at small angular scales. The upgrade consisted of replacing the thirteen 0.9-m antennas with 1.4-m antennas incorporating a novel combination of design features, which provided excellent sidelobe and spillover performance for low manufacturing cost. Off-the-shelf spun primaries were used, and the secondary mirrors were oversized and shaped relative to a standard Cassegrain in order to provide an optimum compromise between aperture efficiency and low spillover lobes. Low-order distortions in the primary mirrors were compensated for by custom machining of the secondary mirrors. The secondaries were supported on a transparent dielectric foam cone to minimize scattering. The antennas were tested in the complete instrument, and the beam shape and spillover noise contributions were as expected. We demonstrate the performance of the telescope and the inter-calibration with the previous system using observations of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in the cluster Abell 1689. The enhanced instrument has been used to study the cosmic microwave background, the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect and diffuse Galactic emission.
description: 10 pages,9 colour figures and 1 table; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Time to deal : a comparison of the Native casino gambling policy in Alberta and Saskatchewan
Creators: name: Skea, Warren H.
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Gambling--Canada
subject: Casinos--Alberta
subject: Casinos--Saskatchewan
subject: Casinos--Native communities
subject: Native self-government--Canada
subject: Gambling Literature

description: The process by which Native casino gambling policy was developed in Saskatchewan and Alberta during the period (1992-1996) is described and analyzed. Document analysis and interviewing was utilized within a rational choice theoretical model to identify macro, meso and micro level determinants. In addition, issues of Native sovereignty, self-government and jurisdiction are examined with regard to their role in the policy process. It is also argued that the Native casino gambling policy process unfolded due to the provincial governments' ideological system of governance. Further,results indicate that the sociological stages of legitimation, trust building and institutionalization were important variables in the development of policy. Based on the results, a causal model for Native casino gambling policy making is presented.
Flux-integrated semiexclusive cross sections for charged-current quasielastic and neutral-current elastic neutrino scattering off ${}^{40}$Ar and a sterile neutrino oscillation study
Creators: name: Butkevich, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flux-integrated semiexclusive differential cross sections for charged-current quasielastic and neutral-current elastic neutrino scattering on argon are analyzed. The cross sections are calculated using the relativistic distorted-wave impulse approximation with values of the nucleon axial mass $M_A=1$ GeV and 1.2 GeV. The elastic scattering cross sections are also computed for different strange quark contributions to the neutral-current axial form factor. The flux-integrated differential cross sections as functions of reconstructed neutrino energy are evaluated for the far detector of the SBN experiment. The effects of the short base-line neutrino oscillations are taken into account in a 3+1 framework. We found that cross sections depend on oscillation parameters and the ratio of the measured and predicted cross sections can be used in a sterile neutrino oscillation study.
description: 27 pages 10 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1106.0976
QED2+1 in graphene: symmetries of Dirac equation in 2+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Kosinski, P.
name: Maslanka, P.
name: Slawinska, J.
name: Zasada, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well-known that the tight-binding Hamiltonian of graphene describes the low-energy excitations that appear to be massless chiral Dirac fermions. Thus, in the continuum limit one can analyze the crystal properties using the formalism of quantum electrodynamics in 2+1 dimensions (QED2+1) which provides the opportunity to verify the high energy physics phenomena in the condensed matter system. We study the symmetry properties of 2+1-dimensional Dirac equation, both in the non-interacting case and in the case with constant uniform magnetic field included in the model. The maximal symmetry group of the massless Dirac equation is considered by putting it in the Jordan block form and determining the algebra of operators leaving invariant the subspace of solutions. It is shown that the resulting symmetry operators expressed in terms of Dirac matrices cannot be described exclusively in terms of gamma matrices (and their products) entering the corresponding Dirac equation. It is a consequence of the reducibility of the considered representation in contrast to the 3+1-dimensional case. Symmetry algebra is demonstrated to be a direct sum of two gl(2,C) algebras plus an eight-dimensional abelian ideal. Since the matrix structure which determines the rotational symmetry has all required properties of the spin algebra, the pseudospin related to the sublattices (M. Mecklenburg and B. C. Regan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 116803 (2011)) gains the character of the real angular momentum, although the degrees of freedom connected with the electron's spin are not included in the model. This seems to be graphene's analogue of the phenomenon called "spin from isospin" in high energy physics.
title: Alle origini del programma scientifico del giovane Bruno Migliorini. La vocazione internazionale e l’orizzonte teorico. Con una riproduzione del manualetto sul dialetto veneziano, 1925)
Creators: name: Cannizzo, Silvia
Publisher: name: Sapienza Università Editrice
Year: 2023

description: Qual è stato il contesto in cui si formò il giovane Bruno Migliorini? L’attività redazionale per La Cultura, il progetto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana, l’apprendistato presso la Società Filologica Romana hanno influenzato gli studi maturi del noto linguista? Il volume intende aggiungere un tassello alla conoscenza dello studioso, proponendo la pubblicazione di materiale documentario proveniente da diversi archivi italiani e la ristampa anastatica del libretto Esercizi di traduzione dai dialetti delle Venezie: Veneziano. Prima parte per la terza classe elementare (1925). Una pubblicazione unica nel suo genere all’interno della bibliografia miglioriniana, che contribuì a diffondere l’insegnamento dell’italiano a partire dal dialetto per la collana Dal dialetto alla lingua, incoraggiata e promossa dal pedagogista Giuseppe Lombardo Radice.
Plastome-based phylogenomics elucidate relationships in rare Isoëtes species groups from the Neotropics
Creators: name: B. de Souza Pereira, Jovani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Botany

description: The genus Iso¨etes is globally distributed. Within the Neotropics, Iso¨etes occurs in various habitats and ecosystems,
making it an interesting case study to address phylogenetic and biogeographic questions. We sequenced and
assembled plastomes and ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships in Iso¨etes
from tropical regions in the Neotropics. The ploidy level of nine taxa was established to address the potential
source of phylogenetic incongruence in the genus. Node ages were estimated using MCMCTree. The ancestral
range estimates were conducted in BioGeoBEARS. Plastome-based phylogenies were congruent throughout
distinct matrices and partition schemes, exhibiting high support for almost all nodes. Whereas, we found incongruences
between the rDNA and plastome datasets. Chromosome counts identified three diploids, five tetraploids
and one likely hexaploid among Neotropical species. Plastome-based node age estimates showed that
the radiation of the crown Iso¨etes group occurred at 20 Ma, with the diversification of the tropical American
(TAA) clade taking place in the Pleistocene at 1.7 Ma. Ancestral range estimates showed that the ancestor of the
TAA clade may have evolved first in the dry diagonal area in South America before reaching more humid regions.
In addition, the colonization of the Brazilian semiarid region occurred three times, while the occupation of the
Cerrado and Amazon regions occurred twice and once, respectively. Our study showed a large unobserved diversity
within the genus in warm-dry regions in the Neotropics. Plastomes provided sufficient genomic information
to establish a robust phylogenetic framework to answer evolutionary questions in Iso¨etes from the
Neotropics.
Stripe Structures in the t-t'-J Model
Creators: name: Scalapino, D. J.
name: White, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, based upon density matrix renormalization group calculations, we discuss the structure of the stripes found in the doped $t$-$t^\prime$-$J$ model and the physics that underlies their formation.
description: 26 pages
Can Language Models Be Tricked by Language Illusions? Easier with Syntax, Harder with Semantics
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuhan
name: Gibson, Edward
name: Davis, Forrest
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Language models (LMs) have been argued to overlap substantially with human beings in grammaticality judgment tasks. But when humans systematically make errors in language processing, should we expect LMs to behave like cognitive models of language and mimic human behavior? We answer this question by investigating LMs' more subtle judgments associated with "language illusions" -- sentences that are vague in meaning, implausible, or ungrammatical but receive unexpectedly high acceptability judgments by humans. We looked at three illusions: the comparative illusion (e.g. "More people have been to Russia than I have"), the depth-charge illusion (e.g. "No head injury is too trivial to be ignored"), and the negative polarity item (NPI) illusion (e.g. "The hunter who no villager believed to be trustworthy will ever shoot a bear"). We found that probabilities represented by LMs were more likely to align with human judgments of being "tricked" by the NPI illusion which examines a structural dependency, compared to the comparative and the depth-charge illusions which require sophisticated semantic understanding. No single LM or metric yielded results that are entirely consistent with human behavior. Ultimately, we show that LMs are limited both in their construal as cognitive models of human language processing and in their capacity to recognize nuanced but critical information in complicated language materials.
description: Accepted by The SIGNLL Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning 2023
On weak r-Helix submanifolds
Creators: name: Ziplar, Evren
name: şenol, Ali
name: Yayli, Yusuf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A04, 53B25, 53C40, 53C50

description: In this paper, we investigate special curves on a weak r-helix submanifold in Euclidean n-space E^{n}. Also, we give the important relations between weak r-helix submanifolds and the special curves such as line of curvature, asymptotic curve and helix line.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1203.1609
Soil and Terrain database of the Republic of Malawi
Creators: name: Dijkshoorn, JA (Koos)
name: Leenaars, JGB
name: Huting, JRM
name: Kempen, B
Publisher: name: ISRIC - World Soil Informatiom
Year: 2016
Subjects: soil and terrain database
Malawi

description: This report describes the methodology that was used to compile the national Soil and Terrain (SOTER) database for the Republic of Malawi at scale 1:1,000,000. The GIS database provides generalized information on landform, parent material and soil conditions in digital format. The base information used to compile the database, including information on physiography, soils, agro-climate, land use and vegetation, was derived from the Land Resources Evaluation Project of the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (Venema, 1990). Profile descriptions and soil analytical data were collected from Malawi’s Agricultural Development Divisions by the Maize Commodity Team; a digital database was created for the advisory and extension work of the Department of Agricultural Research in Chitedze, Central Region (Benson, Nambuzi, & Ligowe, 1999). This database was cleaned and incorporated into the Africa Soil Profiles Database (Leenaars, 2012). The soil map at scale 1:250,000 (Venema, 1990) provided the geographical basis for the SOTER map; representative soil profiles were mainly selected from the Africa Soil Profiles Database v1.0. All profiles are classified according to the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (IUSS Working Group WRB, 2007). For display purposes, all soil components are described according to the guidelines for small-scale map legends based on the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (IUSS Working Group WRB, 2010). To ensure consistency with earlier SOTER databases, the selected reference profiles are also characterised according to the Revised Legend of the Soil Map of the World (FAO, 1988). The database contains 231 unique SOTER units, comprising 298 terrain components and 534 soil components. The SOTER units are linked to 327 polygons in the geometric database. The soil components are characterized by 379 profiles. A total of 18 WRB Reference Soil Groups (RSG) were identified in Malawi. Lixisols are the dominant RSG, covering almost 26% of the country’s land surface, followed by Luvisols with 22% and Cambisols with 18%. The remaining RSGs cover less than 10% of the Malawi territory. Among these are Gleysols, Leptosols, Fluvisols, Ferralsols and Phaeozems that together cover some 35% of the land surface. The SOTER Malawi database can be used for broad-scale agro-environmental assessments such as estimation of soil organic carbon stocks, hydrological modelling, or crop modelling. The associated dataset is accessible via doi: 10.17027/isric-wdcsoils.20160002
Pharmacophore-based virtual screening and in-silico study of natural products as potential DENV-2 RdRp inhibitors
Creators: name: Roney, Miah
name: Huq, A. K. M. Moyeenul
name: Issahaku, Abdul Rashid
name: Soliman, Mahmoud E. S.
name: Hossain, Md. Sanower
name: Mustafa, Abu Hasnat
name: Islam, Md. Alimul
name: Dubey, Amit
name: Tufail, Aisha
name: Aluwi, Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd
name: Tajuddin, Saiful Nizam
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biochemistry
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Dengue fever is a significant public health concern throughout the world, causing an estimated 500,000 hospitalizations and 20,000 deaths each year, despite the lack of effective therapies. The DENV-2 RdRp has been identified as a potential target for the development of new and effective dengue therapies. This research’s primary objective was to discover an anti-DENV inhibitor using in silico ligand- and structure-based approaches. To begin, a ligand-based pharmacophore model was developed, and 130 distinct natural products (NPs) were screened. Docking of the pharmacophore-matched compounds were performed to the active site of DENV-2 RdRp protease . Eleven compounds were identified as potential DENV-2 RdRp inhibitors based on docking energy and binding interactions. ADMET and drug-likeness were done to predict their pharmacologic, pharmacokinetic, and drug-likeproperties . Compounds ranked highest in terms of pharmacokinetics and drug-like appearances were then subjected to additional toxicity testing to determine the leading compound. Additionally, MD simulation of the lead compound was performed to confirm the docked complex’s stability and the binding site determined by docking. As a result, the lead compound (compound-108) demonstrated an excellent match to the pharmacophore, a strong binding contact and affinity for the RdRp enzyme, favourable pharmacokinetics, and drug-like characteristics. In summary, the lead compound identified in this study could be a possible DENV-2 RdRp inhibitor that may be further studied on in vitro and in vivo models to develop as a drug candidate. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Entangled identical particles and noise
Creators: name: Argentieri, Giuseppe
name: Benatti, Fabio
name: Floreanini, Roberto
name: Marzolino, Ugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For systems of identical Bosons, it is necessary to reformulate the notions of separability and entanglement in algebraic terms shifting the emphasis from the particle aspect of first quantization to the mode description typical of second quantization. Within this new framework, we show that, unlike for systems consisting of distinguishable qubits, negativity is an exhaustive bipartite entanglement witness for systems with fixed number of Bosons; further, we investigate the impact of dephasing noise in relation to the use of such many-body Bosonic systems in metrological applications.
description: 11 pages
Photo-induced charge dynamics in 1$T$-TaS$_2$
Creators: name: Petocchi, Francesco
name: Chen, Jiyu
name: Li, Jiajun
name: Eckstein, Martin
name: Werner, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent theoretical studies showed that the electronic structure of 1$T$-TaS$_2$ in the low-temperature commensurate charge density wave phase exhibits a nontrivial interplay between band-insulating and Mott insulating behavior. This has important implications for the interpretation of photo-doping experiments. Here we use nonequilibrium dynamical mean-field theory simulations of a realistic multi-layer structure to clarify the charge carrier dynamics induced by a laser pulse. The solution is propagated up to the picosecond timescale by employing a memory-truncation scheme. While long-lived doublons and holons only exist in the surface state of a specific structure, the disturbance of bonding states in the bilayers which make up the bulk of the system explain the almost instantaneous appearance of in-gap states. Our simulations consistently explain the coexistence of a doublon feature with a prominent ``background" signal in previous time-resolved photoemission experiments, and they suggest strategies for the selective population of the ingap and doublon states by exploiting the sensitivity to the pump polarization and pump frequency.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
A cardinal number connected to the solvability of systems of difference equations in a given function class
Creators: name: Elekes, Márton
name: Laczkovich, Miklós
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 39A10, 39A70, 47B39, 26A99, Secondary 03E35, 03E17

description: Let $\R^\R$ denote the set of real valued functions defined on the real line. A map $D: \R^\R \to \R^\R$ is a {\it difference operator}, if there are real numbers $a_i, b_i \ (i=1,..., n)$ such that $(Df)(x)=\sum_{i=1}^n a_i f(x+b_i)$ for every $f\in \R^\R $ and $x\in \R$. A {\it system of difference equations} is a set of equations $S={D_i f=g_i : i\in I}$, where $I$ is an arbitrary set of indices, $D_i$ is a difference operator and $g_i$ is a given function for every $i\in I$, and $f$ is the unknown function. One can prove that a system $S$ is solvable if and only if every finite subsystem of $S$ is solvable. However, if we look for solutions belonging to a given class of functions, then the analogous statement fails. For example, there exists a system $S$ such that every finite subsystem of $S$ has a solution which is a trigonometric polynomial, but $S$ has no such solution. This phenomenon motivates the following definition. Let ${\cal F}$ be a class of functions. The {\it solvability cardinal} $\solc (\iF)$ of ${\cal F}$ is the smallest cardinal $κ$ such that whenever $S$ is a system of difference equations and each subsystem of $S$ of cardinality less than $κ$ has a solution in ${\cal F}$, then $S$ itselfhas a solution in ${\cal F}$. In this paper we determine the solvability cardinals of most function classes that occur in analysis. As it turns out, the behaviour of $\solc ({\cal F})$ is rather erratic. For example, $\solc (\text{polynomials})=3$ but $\solc (\text{trigonometric polynomials})=ω_1$, $\solc ({f: f\ \text{is continuous}}) = ω_1$ but $\solc ({f: f\ \text{is Darboux}}) =(2^ω)^+$, and $\solc (\R^\R)=ω$. We consistently determine the solvability cardinals of the classes of Borel, Lebesgue and Baire measurable functions, and give some partial answers for the Baire class 1 and Baire class $α$ functions.
Potential of plant extracts in targeting SARS-CoV-2 main protease: an in vitro and in silico study
Creators: name: de Araujo, Ingrid Garcia
name: Pattaro-Júnior, José Renato
name: Barbosa, Cecilia Gomes
name: Philippsen, Gisele Strieder
name: Silva, Ana Rita
name: Ioshino, Rafaella Sayuri
name: Moraes, Carolina Borsoi
name: Freitas-Junior, Lúcio Holanda
name: Barros, Lillian
name: Peralta, Rosane Marina
name: Fernandez, Maria Aparecida
name: Seixas, Flavio Augusto Vicente
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: The deaths caused by the covid-19 pandemic have recently decreased due to a worldwide effort in vaccination campaigns. However, even vaccinated people can develop a severe form of the disease that requires ICU admission. As a result, the search for antiviral drugs to treat these severe cases has become a necessity. In this context, natural products are an interesting alternative to synthetic medicines used in drug repositioning, as they have been consumed for a long time through traditional medicine. Many natural compounds found in plant extracts have already been shown to be effective in treating viral and bacterial diseases, making them possible hits to exploit against covid-19. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antiviral activity of different plant extracts available in the library of natural products of the Universidade Estadual de Maringá, by inhibiting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), and by preventing viral infection in a cellular model. As a result, the extract of Cytinus hypocistis, obtained by ultrasound, showed a Mpro inhibition capacity greater than 90%. In the infection model assays using Vero cells, an inhibition of 99.6% was observed, with a selectivity index of 42.7. The in silico molecular docking simulations using the extract compounds against Mpro, suggested Tellimagrandin II as the component of C. hypocistis extract most likely to inhibit the viral enzyme. These results demonstrate the potential of C. hypocistis extract as a promising source of natural compounds with antiviral activity against covid-19. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Thermodynamics of a continuously monitored double quantum dot heat engine in the repeated interactions framework
Creators: name: Bettmann, Laetitia P.
name: Kewming, Michael J.
name: Goold, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the thermodynamic role of measurement in quantum mechanical systems is a burgeoning field of study. In this article, we study a double quantum dot (DQD) connected to two macroscopic fermionic thermal reservoirs. We assume that the DQD is continuously monitored by a quantum point contact (QPC), which serves as a charge detector. Starting from a minimalist microscopic model for the QPC and reservoirs, we show that the local master equation of the DQD can alternatively be derived in the framework of repeated interactions and that this framework guarantees a thermodynamically consistent description of the DQD and its environment (including the QPC). We analyze the effect of the measurement strength and identify a regime in which particle transport through the DQD is both assisted and stabilized by dephasing. We also find that in this regime the entropic cost of driving the particle current with fixed relative fluctuations through the DQD is reduced. We thus conclude that under continuous measurement a more constant particle current may be achieved at a fixed entropic cost.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures; comments are welcome
Wormholes, geons, and the illusion of the tensor product
Creators: name: Bzowski, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper I argue that the Hilbert space of states of a holographic, traversable wormhole does not factorize into the tensor product of the boundary Hilbert spaces. After presenting the general argument I analyze two examples: the scalar sectors of the BTZ geon and the AdS$_2$ eternal wormhole. Utilizing real-time holography I derive the Hilbert spaces, identify the dual states and evaluate correlation functions. I show that the number of peculiarities associated with the wormhole and black hole physics emerges once the factorization is \textit{a priori} assumed. This includes null states and null operators, highly entangled vacuum states and the cross-boundary interactions all emerging as avatars of non-factorization.
description: 55 pages, 13 pages of appendices, 13 figures
An energy-based comparative analysis of common approaches to text classification in the Legal domain
Creators: name: Gultekin, Sinan
name: Globo, Achille
name: Zugarini, Andrea
name: Ernandes, Marco
name: Rigutini, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most Machine Learning research evaluates the best solutions in terms of performance. However, in the race for the best performing model, many important aspects are often overlooked when, on the contrary, they should be carefully considered. In fact, sometimes the gaps in performance between different approaches are neglectable, whereas factors such as production costs, energy consumption, and carbon footprint must take into consideration. Large Language Models (LLMs) are extensively adopted to address NLP problems in academia and industry. In this work, we present a detailed quantitative comparison of LLM and traditional approaches (e.g. SVM) on the LexGLUE benchmark, which takes into account both performance (standard indices) and alternative metrics such as timing, power consumption and cost, in a word: the carbon-footprint. In our analysis, we considered the prototyping phase (model selection by training-validation-test iterations) and in-production phases separately, since they follow different implementation procedures and also require different resources. The results indicate that very often, the simplest algorithms achieve performance very close to that of large LLMs but with very low power consumption and lower resource demands. The results obtained could suggest companies to include additional evaluations in the choice of Machine Learning (ML) solutions.
description: Presented at The 4th International Conference on NLP & Text Mining (NLTM 2024), January 27-28 2024, Copenhagen, Denmark - 12 pages, 1 figure, 7 tables
Approximate Message Passing under Finite Alphabet Constraints
Creators: name: Muller, Andreas
name: Sejdinovic, Dino
name: Piechocki, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we consider Basis Pursuit De-Noising (BPDN) problems in which the sparse original signal is drawn from a finite alphabet. To solve this problem we propose an iterative message passing algorithm, which capitalises not only on the sparsity but by means of a prior distribution also on the discrete nature of the original signal. In our numerical experiments we test this algorithm in combination with a Rademacher measurement matrix and a measurement matrix derived from the random demodulator, which enables compressive sampling of analogue signals. Our results show in both cases significant performance gains over a linear programming based approach to the considered BPDN problem. We also compare the proposed algorithm to a similar message passing based algorithm without prior knowledge and observe an even larger performance improvement.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing ICASSP 2012
Metagenome of three organic phyla in the South China Sea
Creators: name: 文倩(WenQian)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Metagenome
Multiisolate

description: 38 aquatic samples, including fish, shrimp, crabs, and shellfish, classified into three phyla, were collected from the coastal waters of the South China Sea near Hainan Province, China. RNA was extracted and sequenced.
Recursive relations and quantum eigensolver algorithms within modified Schrieffer--Wolff transformations for the Hubbard dimer
Creators: name: Marécat, Quentin
name: Senjean, Bruno
name: Saubanère, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive recursive relations for the Schrieffer--Wolff (SW) transformation applied to the half-filled Hubbard dimer. While the standard SW transformation is set to block-diagonalize the transformed Hamiltonian solely at the first order of perturbation, we infer from recursive relations two types of modifications, variational or iterative, that approach, or even enforce for the homogeneous case, the desired block-diagonalization at infinite order of perturbation. The modified SW unitary transformations are then used to design an test quantum algorithms adapted to the noisy and fault-tolerant era. This work paves the way toward the design of alternative quantum algorithms for the general Hubbard Hamiltonian.
On the nature of the galactic early-B hypergiants
Creators: name: Clark, J. S.
name: Najarro, F.
name: Negueruela, I.
name: Ritchie, B. W.
name: Urbaneja, M. A.
name: Howarth, I. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite their importance to a number of astrophysical fields, the lifecycles of very massive stars are still poorly defined. In order to address this shortcoming, we present a detailed quantitative study of the physical properties of four early-B hypergiants (BHGs); Cyg OB2 #12, zeta Sco, HD190603 and BP Cru. These are combined with an analysis of their long-term spectroscopic and photometric behaviour in order to determine their evolutionary status. The long-term datasets revealed that they are remarkably stable over long periods (>40yr), with the possible exception of zeta Sco prior to the 20th century, in contrast to the typical excursions that characterise luminous blue variables (LBVs). Zeta Sco, HD190603 and BP Cru possess physical properties intermediate between B supergiants and LBVs; we therefore suggest that BHGs are the immediate descendants and progenitors (respectively) of such stars (for initial masses in the range ~30-60Msun). In contrast, while the wind properties of Cyg OB2 #12 are consistent with this hypothesis, the combination of extreme luminosity and spectroscopic mass (~110Msun) and comparatively low temperature means it cannot be accommodated in such a scheme. Likewise, despite its co-location with several LBVs above the Humphreys-Davidson (HD) limit, the lack of long term variability and its unevolved chemistry apparently excludes such an identification. Since such massive stars are not expected to evolve to such cool temperatures, the properties of Cyg OB2 #12 are difficult to understand under current evolutionary paradigms. [ABRIDGED]
description: 36 pages, 19 figures (of which 17 pages are online supplemental material). Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
The interim report of the Standing Committee on Community Services : video gambling and gaming policies in Nova Scotia
Creators: name: Services, Nova Scotia. Standing Committee On Community
Publisher: name: Province of Nova Scotia
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Video gambling
subject: Gambling industry--Nova Scotia
subject: Atlantic Lotto
subject: Atlantic Lottery Corporation
subject: VLTs
subject: Gambling Literature

description: The House of Assembly's Standing Committee on Community Services determined to look at the issue of video gambling and gaming policies in Nova Scotia on February 3, 1993. A series of public meetings were held commencing February 23, 1993 and concluding on March 16, 1993. These meetings were held at ten locations in the Province: Halifax, Sydney, Port Hawksbury, Antigonish, Westville, Truro, Bridgewater, Wolfville, Amherst and Yarmouth. The Committee heard a total of seventy individual submissions as well as receiving a number of written briefs or presentations. The Committee and members received correspondence and phone calls from many other Nova Scotians. Some research materials were provided to the Committee. The Committee is indebted to all of those individuals who made oral presentations and provided written materials or submissions to the Committee in the course of the hearings. The Committee commends all of those presenting and attending the public meetings for their public spiritedness.
Mycetophila perpallida Chandler 1993
Creators: name: El Mouden, Mohamed Amin
name: Chandler, Peter J.
name: Saidoun, Imane
name: Driauach, Ouafaa
name: Belqat, Boutaïna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Mycetophilidae
Mycetophila
Mycetophila perpallida

description: Mycetophila perpallida Chandler, 1993
Material examined.
Morocco – Middle Atlas Region • 1 ♂; Forêt Bouhayati; 19/V/2022; K. Aattouch, M. El Ouahabi and M. A. El Mouden leg; UAE-FST MA 22/24147 • 16 ♂♂; Gouffre Izora; 19/V/2022; K. Aattouch, M. El Ouahabi and M. A. El Mouden leg; UAE-FST MA 22/24148 • 13 ♂♂; Grotte Bouslama; 19/V/2022; K. Aattouch, M. El Ouahabi and M. A. El Mouden leg; UAE-FST MA 22/24149 • 5 ♂♂; Grotte Bouhayati; 20/V/2022; K. Aattouch, M. El Ouahabi and M. A. El Mouden leg; UAE-FST MA 22/24150.
North African distribution.
Cited from North Africa without further details (Chandler 2009); Morocco (Banamar et al 2020).
description: Published as part of El Mouden, Mohamed Amin, Chandler, Peter J., Saidoun, Imane, Driauach, Ouafaa & Belqat, Boutaïna, 2025, A new species of Docosia Winnertz, 1864 and new records of fungus gnats (Diptera, Bolitophilidae, Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae) from North Africa, pp. 349-379 in ZooKeys 1233 on pages 349-379, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1233.130502
Quark Mass Dependence of Heavy Quark Diffusion Coefficient from Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Altenkort, Luis
name: de la Cruz, David
name: Kaczmarek, Olaf
name: Larsen, Rasmus
name: Moore, Guy D.
name: Mukherjee, Swagato
name: Petreczky, Peter
name: Shu, Hai-Tao
name: Stendebach, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first study of the quark mass dependence of the heavy quark momentum and spatial diffusion coefficients using lattice QCD with light dynamical quarks corresponding to a pion mass of 320 MeV. We find that, for the temperature range 195 MeV $
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
Distinct-element modelling of intermittent deformation behaviour and fatigue in two large rock slides
Creators: name: Smithyman, Megan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis reports the assessment of two large, slow moving landslides. The Campo Vallemaggia slide is located in the southern Swiss Alps, and has a recorded history of movements dating back hundreds of years. The other slide, Little Chief, is located in British Columbia, and is affected by toe submergence due to the presence of a dam. These slides have well developed sliding surfaces along which the majority of the movement takes place. A process of modelling the effects of time, involving different water tables to represent the wet and dry seasons of the year, was undertaken using UDEC (Universal Distinct Element Code, Itasca, 2009). The models were run with first the high, then low water tables, alternating repeatedly to represent model years. They were analyzed for signs of fatigue, internal deformations and long term movement trends. The Little Chief Slide was also analyzed using this method to verify the positions and existence of the sliding surface. Mohr-Coulomb plasticity was applied to both slides, and found to be sufficient for representing the Campo Vallemaggia slide, and developing fatigue indications. A sharp drop in the number of yielded elements in the model was seen at approximately 1300 years. This coincided with a slowing of the model movement and a change in the rate of opening of a fault. This was concluded to be similar to the fatigue effect commonly seen in metal. However the Little Chief slide did not develop as desired under this constitutive model, therefore the strain softening plasticity criterion was applied to this slide for models that investigated internal deformation of the sliding mass, and those focussing on development of the sliding surface. Initial strain softening models using the properties expected for the site did not give satisfactory results, likely due to geologic and geometric complications not captured in a two dimensional model using a homogeneous rockmass. Instead, lowerbound properties were applied to the slide, resulting in the development of a sliding surface similar to that interpreted at the site. As well, significant internal deformation was found using these properties, including some suggestive of a fatigue effect.
The Death of the Short-Form Physics Essay in the Coming AI Revolution
Creators: name: Yeadon, Will
name: Inyang, Oto-Obong
name: Mizouri, Arin
name: Peach, Alex
name: Testrow, Craig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The latest AI language modules can produce original, high quality full short-form ($300$-word) Physics essays within seconds. These technologies such as ChatGPT and davinci-003 are freely available to anyone with an internet connection. In this work, we present evidence of AI generated short-form essays achieving first-class grades on an essay writing assessment from an accredited, current university Physics module. The assessment requires students answer five open-ended questions with a short, $300$-word essay each. Fifty AI answers were generated to create ten submissions that were independently marked by five separate markers. The AI generated submissions achieved an average mark of $71 \pm 2 \%$, in strong agreement with the current module average of $71 \pm 5 %$. A typical AI submission would therefore most-likely be awarded a First Class, the highest classification available at UK universities. Plagiarism detection software returned a plagiarism score between $2 \pm 1$% (Grammarly) and $7 \pm 2$% (TurnitIn). We argue that these results indicate that current AI MLPs represent a significant threat to the fidelity of short-form essays as an assessment method in Physics courses.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Impact of solar EUV flux on CO Cameron band and CO2+ UV doublet emissions in the dayglow of Mars
Creators: name: Jain, Sonal Kumar
name: Bhardwaj, Anil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study is aimed at making a calculation about the impact of the two most commonly used solar EUV flux models -- SOLAR2000 (S2K) of \cite{Tobiska04} and EUVAC model of \cite{Richards94} -- on photoelectron fluxes, volume emission rates, ion densities and CO Cameron and CO$_2^+$ UV doublet band dayglow emissions on Mars in three solar activity conditions: minimum, moderate, and maximum. Calculated limb intensities profiles are compared with SPICAM/Mars Express and Mariner observations. Analytical yield spectrum (AYS) approach has been used to calculate photoelectron fluxes in Martian upper atmosphere. Densities of prominent ions and CO molecule in excited triplet a$^3Π$ state are calculated using major ion-neutral reactions. Volume emission rates of CO Cameron and CO$_2^+$ UV doublet bands have been calculated for dif{}ferent observations (Viking condition, Mariner and Mars Express SPICAM observations) on Mars. For the low solar activity condition, dayglow intensities calculated using the S2K model are $\sim$40% higher than those calculated using the EUVAC model. During high solar activity, due to the higher EUV fluxes at wavelengths below 250 Å in the EUVAC model, intensities calculated using EUVAC model are slightly higher ($\sim$20%) than those calculated using S2K model. Irrespective of the solar activity condition, production of Cameron band due to photodissociative excitation of CO$_2$ is around 50% higher when S2K model is used. Altitude of peak limb brightness of CO Cameron and CO$_2^+$ UV doublet band is found to be independent of solar EUV flux models. Calculated limb intensities of CO Cameron and CO$_2^+$ UV doublet bands are on an average a factor of $\sim$2 and $\sim$1.5, respectively, higher than the SPICAM Mars Express observation, while they are consistent with the Mariner observations.
description: 27 Pages, 12 Figures; Planetary and Space Science, 2011
Criterios DOAJ y certificación de acceso abierto
Creators: name: Manco, Alejandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: DOAJ
Revistas médicas
Revistas peruanas
Perú

description: Presentación dada en el marco del III Encuentro de Editores de Revistas Científicas Biomédicas del Perú, organizado por la Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública y el Instituto Nacional de Salud (Perú).
N >= 4 Supergravity Amplitudes from Gauge Theory at One Loop
Creators: name: Bern, Z.
name: Boucher-Veronneau, C.
name: Johansson, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We expose simple and practical relations between the integrated four- and five-point one-loop amplitudes of N >= 4 supergravity and the corresponding (super-)Yang-Mills amplitudes. The link between the amplitudes is simply understood using the recently uncovered duality between color and kinematics that leads to a double-copy structure for gravity. These examples provide additional direct confirmations of the duality and double-copy properties at loop level for a sample of different theories.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures, minor corrections
Self-Interacting Gravitational Atoms in the Strong-Gravity Regime
Creators: name: Chia, Horng Sheng
name: Doorman, Christoffel
name: Wernersson, Alexandra
name: Hinderer, Tanja
name: Nissanke, Samaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically investigate free and self-interacting ultralight scalar fields around black holes in General Relativity. We focus on complex scalar fields $Φ$ whose self-interactions are described by the quartic potential $V \propto λ|Φ|^4$, and ignore the black hole spin in order to disentangle the effects of self interactions on the boson cloud. Using the spectral solver Kadath, we compute quasi-equilibrium configurations of the dominant eigenstates, including their backreaction on the spacetime metric. For scenarios with $- 10^{-2} \lesssim λ\lesssim 10^{-2}$ we find the mass of the self-interacting scalar cloud to be up to $\sim 70\%$ larger than that of a free scalar cloud, though the additional backreaction effect on the spacetime metric is only up to $\sim 1\%$ due to the low-density nature of the bosonic configurations. In this region of parameter space we observe approximate quadratic scalings between the mass of the cloud with $λ$, the scalar field amplitude, and the couplings between these two parameters. For systems with $λ$ beyond this range, the eigenfrequencies differ sufficiently from the known free-test-field values used as inputs in our numerical setup to make the results, though convergent, physically unreliable. This bounds the range of $λ$ in which the free scalar field solution remains a good approximation to self-interacting scalar field configurations. Our work is among the first nonperturbative explorations of self-interacting bosonic clouds around black holes, yielding detailed new insights into such systems in the nonlinear regime, while also overcoming technical challenges and quantifying limitations. Additionally, our results provide useful inputs for fully dynamical numerical relativity simulations and for future explorations of spinning black holes and real scalar fields.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures
Assessing substance abuse and problem gambling treatment as an investment in population health
Creators: name: Szava-Kovatts, George
Publisher: name: Alberta Alcohol and Drug Abuse Commission (AADAC)
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Alberta Alcohol and Drug Abuse Commission (AADAC)
subject: Substance abuse
subject: Problem gambling--Alberta
subject: Addiction treatment
subject: Problem gambling--Economic issues
subject: Gambling Literature

description: The purpose of this paper is to critically review the economic evaluation literature on substance abuse and problem gambling treatment. It is intended to assist the Alberta Alcohol and Drug Abuse Commission (AADAC) in describing and positioning its addiction treatment services from a return-on-investment (ROI) perspective in terms of supporting individual recovery, community well-being, and population health. Economic evaluation is important because resources are scarce. Choices have to be made regarding the resources committed to various substance abuse and problem gambling treatment programs. Economic evaluation is an organized approach to structuring a decision to commit resources to one use rather than another. It makes explicit the relevant altematives, viewpoints, and provides measurement of inputs and outputs.