cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
De quinto de primaria al fin de la secundaria en seis años: un estudio longitudinal en Puno
Creators: name: Cueto, Santiago
name: Guerrero, Gabriela
name: Leon, Juan
name: Zevallos, Alvaro
name: Sugimaru, Claudia
name: Cueto, Santiago
name: Guerrero, Gabriela
name: Leon, Juan
name: Zevallos, Alvaro
name: Sugimaru, Claudia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Rendimiento escolar
subject: Desercion escolar
subject: Educacion secundaria
subject: Puno
subject: Peru
subject: Academic achievement
subject: Student drop out
subject: Secondary education

description: El presente estudio reporta los resultados de un diseño longitudinal en el que se siguió a 304 estudiantes de zonas urbanas y rurales de Puno. Los estudiantes incluidos se encontraban en quinto grado de primaria en el 2000 y debían estar en quinto de secundaria (el fin de la educación básica) en el 2006, cuando se los volvió a encuestar y entrevistar. Se logró volver a entrevistar a 76% de los estudiantes de la muestra original; del resto, la mayoría había migrado fuera de Puno, de acuerdo con reportes de amigos y familiares. De los entrevistados, 69% habían avanzado sin repetir, 13% habían abandonado la escuela y el resto habían repetido uno o más grados. Por un lado, los resultados sugieren que el rendimiento en una prueba estandarizada de matemática en quinto de primaria tiene un peso estadísticamente significativo para explicar el rendimiento en comprensión de lectura y matemática seis años después, así como la probabilidad de avanzar de grado sin repetir. Por otro lado, la deserción escolar se asoció principalmente a la necesidad del estudiante de trabajar. En conjunto, el estudio sugiere la necesidad de encontrar mecanismos para apoyar el desempeño educativo de estudiantes de contextos de mayor pobreza y/o menor rendimiento, que si bien no son discriminados por el sistema, tampoco son atendidos en sus necesidades específicas
Iranian identities in Vancouver : contesting ethnic and racial signifiers through situated perspectives produced using methodological triangulation
Creators: name: Swanton, Daniel James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Recent intellectual enquiry into ideas of identity has emphasised that individuals are neither determined by the structures of racialisation, class, gender, and bureaucracy, nor are they fully outside these processes. Identities are continually produced, contested and negotiated through the categories by which we come to be known. A triangulation of research techniques, integrating critical analyses of official statistics with deconstructive readings of media representations and interpretations of semi-structured interviews, generates three situated and partial perspectives through which I examine Iranian identities in Vancouver. Via critical engagements with, and interpretations of, official statistics and media representations, I elucidate the markedly limited repertoire of narratives, images and ideas through which Iranian identities are both negotiated and popularly imagined. My situated interpretation of my participants' responses underscores the diversity and heterogeneity of Iranian affiliations, disrupting and unravelling ethnic boundaries and stereotypes performatively reproduced through the enclosing categories of official databases and the reductive Orientalist imaginaries that pervade media portrayals. The productive tension generated by this innovative coupling of situated perspectives works towards a nuanced and richly textured understanding of the identities and experiences of Iranians in Vancouver.
The use of operations research as a tool for monitoring and managing food-assisted maternal/child health nutrition (MCHN) programs: An example from Haiti
Creators: name: Loechl, Cornelia U.
name: Ruel, Marie T.
name: Pelto, Gretel H.
name: Menon, Purnima
name: Loechl, Cornelia U.
name: Ruel, Marie T.
name: Pelto, Gretel H.
name: Menon, Purnima
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Caribbean
subject: Latin America and the Caribbean
subject: Operations research
subject: Nutrition programs
subject: Food aid
subject: Children
subject: Maternal and infant welfare
subject: Assessment
subject: Health and hygiene
subject: Haiti
subject: Developing Countries

description: This report describes the methods and results of an operations research undertaken to assess the effectiveness of World Vision (WV)’s food assisted maternal and child health and nutrition (MCHN) program in the Central Plateau region of Haiti. The research had three main objectives: (1) to assess the effectiveness of implementation and operations of the program relative to plans; (2) to assess the quality of delivery of the various services; and (3) to explore the perceptions of different stakeholders (i.e., beneficiaries and field implementers) regarding program operations and service delivery and the motivational factors that may affect staff’s performance and job satisfaction. The overall goal was to identify constraints to effective operations; it was more important to identify and implement corrective actions that will ensure smooth implementation of the program and its various components. The report is directed to program managers, researchers, and development professionals who are interested in applying operations research methods to evaluate and strengthen similar MCHN programs with a food aid component in developing countries. The operations research used a variety of qualitative and quantitative methods, including structured observations at different program delivery points, structured and semi-structured interviews with stakeholders, and a series of focus group discussions with the program staff. The following three main program service delivery points were included in the evaluation: (1) the Rally Posts (RPs) (n = 19), where health education, growth monitoring and promotion (GMP), and other preventive health-care services are provided, and where program beneficiaries are identified; (2) the Mothers’ Clubs (MCs) (n = 20), where smaller groups of participants gather to discuss health and nutrition topics in the context of the program’s behavior change and communication (BCC) strategy; and (3) the Food Distribution Points (FDPs) (n = 10), where beneficiaries receive their monthly food rations.
An Examination of Factors Influencing Fertilizer Price Adjustment
Creators: name: Galbraith, Craig
name: Galbraith, Craig
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis

description: This paper utilizes an error correction model to examine how anhydrous ammonia (AA) and urea prices at different locations in North America adjusted to changes in crop and input prices during two time periods: 2002 to 2005 and 2006 to 2009. The empirical results suggest that natural gas futures prices had relatively more of an impact on nitrogen fertilizer prices during the 2002-2005 period. Nitrogen prices tended to adjust more rapidly to increases in natural gas futures prices than decreases. In the 2006 to 2009 period, corn futures prices had more of an impact on nitrogen prices. Nitrogen prices tended to respond immediately to decreases in corn futures prices. The nitrogen price responses to increasing corn futures prices were mixed.
SLE for theoretical physicists
Creators: name: Cardy, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article provides an introduction to Schramm(stochastic)-Loewner evolution (SLE) and to its connection with conformal field theory, from the point of view of its application to two-dimensional critical behaviour. The emphasis is on the conceptual ideas rather than rigorous proofs.
description: 43 pages, to appear in Annals of Physics; v.2: published version with minor corrections
Interaction between Consciousness, Quantum Entanglement, and Photons
Creators: name: Huang, Tao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 510802
subject: Foundations of quantum mechanics

description: This paper proposes a new hypothesis that when light illuminates any object, the reflected photons are already entangled with the particles that make up the object. When these photons enter the human eye, they are processed by the brain and transmitted to consciousness. Human consciousness, as an energy field, can alter the state of these entangled photons, which in turn affects the state of the particles that are entangled with them. This hypothesis can explain the phenomenon of wave function collapse observed in quantum entanglement experiments. Although humans cannot currently move objects with their minds, this paper suggests that if a device could be developed to directly transmit photons reflected from external objects to human consciousness, it might enable mind-controlled movement of objects. Furthermore, this paper explores the notion that all matter possesses consciousness, with varying strength of consciousness energy fields. Stronger fields influence weaker ones, and all motion in the universe occurs within these consciousness fields, with light playing a crucial role.
Search for decays of B0 mesons into pairs of charged leptons: B0->e+e-, B0->mu+mu-, B0->e+-mu-+
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a search for the decays B0->e+e-, B0->mu+mu-, and B0->e+- mu-+ in data collected at the Y(4S) resonance with the Babar detector at the SLAC B Factory. Using a data set of 111 fb^-1, we find no evidence for a signal in any of the three channels investigated and set the following branching fraction upper limits at the 90% confidence level: B(B0->e+e-)< 6.1 x 10^-8, B(B0->mu+mu-) < 8.3 x 10^-8, and B(B0->e+-mu-+) < 18 x 10^-8.
description: 7 pages, 7 postscript figues, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
On Empirical Equivalence and Duality
Creators: name: De Haro, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I argue that, on a judicious reading of two existing criteria--one syntactic and the other semantic--dual theories can be taken to be empirically equivalent. The judicious reading is straightforward, but leads to the surprising conclusion that very different-looking theories can have equivalent empirical content. And thus it shows how a widespread scientific practice, of interpreting duals as empirically equivalent, can be understood by a thus-far unnoticed feature of existing accounts of empirical equivalence.
Does the WTO Increase Trade? The Case of U.S. Cocoa Imports from WTO-Member Producing Countries
Creators: name: Yeboah, Osei-Agyeman
name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Wozniak, Shawn J.
name: Allen, Albert J.
name: Yeboah, Osei-Agyeman
name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Wozniak, Shawn J.
name: Allen, Albert J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Gravity models
subject: Exports
subject: Market liberalization
subject: Cocoa
subject: Fixed Effects
subject: Random Effects and Pooled Models

description: Market access to export cocoa beans in many cocoa producing countries has improved greatly due to trade liberalization in the cocoa sector. This has been accomplished through a variety of policy instruments, primarily structural adjustment programs (SAPs). In reducing or eliminating the role of state-owned and operated marketing and exporting boards, cocoa-producing countries have opened themselves up to foreign-owned corporate agribusiness exporting companies and producers have received a higher share of a lower world price. Trade liberalization was also accomplished through free trade agreements (FTAs) in a few countries from which the U.S. imports fewer cocoa beans than those that underwent SAPs. These major exporters also became World Trade Organization members in addition to the SAPs and FTAs. This study analyzes U.S. cocoa bean imports from ten major cocoa-producing and exporting countries during the pre- and post-liberalization period of 1970-2007 using the gravity equation and the one-way fixed effects model. The objective was to measure trade creation for a WTO member that has undergone trade liberalization. Cocoa beans can serve as a proxy for any tropical commodity upon which a developing country heavily relies on for export revenue, such as is the case with Côte d’Ivoire and cocoa, for example. Our results find FTAs and WTOs do contribute to increased U.S. cocoa bean imports at the one percent and ten percent confidence levels, respectively.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 06/08/2010.
Dynamics of a magnetic gear with two cogging-free operation modes
Creators: name: Hartung, Stefan
name: Rehberg, Ingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling of two rotating spherical magnets is investigated experimentally. For two specific angles between the input and output rotation axes, a cogging-free coupling is observed, where the driven magnet is phase-locked to the driving one. The striking difference between these two modes of operation is the reversed sense of rotation of the driven magnet. For other angles the experiments reveal a more complex dynamical behavior, which is divided in three different classes. This is done by analysing the deviation from a periodic motion of the driven magnet, and by measuring the total harmonic distortion of this rotation. The experimental results can be understood by a mathematical model based on pure dipole-dipole interaction, with the addition of adequate friction terms.
Asymmetrical structure of ionization and kinematics in the Seyfert galaxy NGC 5033
Creators: name: Mediavilla, E.
name: Guijarro, A.
name: Castillo-Morales, A.
name: Jimenez-Vicente, J.
name: Florido, E.
name: Arribas, S.
name: Garcia-Lorenzo, B.
name: Battaner, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present integral field spectroscopy of NGC 5033, a low luminosity Seyfert galaxy. The observations were made with INTEGRAL, a fiber based system operating at the WHT. The intensity map of the H$β$ emission line represents a spiral or ring-like pattern of HII regions. On the contrary, the [OIII] intensity map morphology is markedly anisotropic. The strong morphological differences imply that the [OIII] emitters represent highly ionized gas illuminated by the central source. The [OIII] map morphology is compatible with a biconical structure of ionization induced by strong extinction in the galaxy disc that also obscures half of the spheroidal stellar bulge. We identify the spectrum corresponding to the Seyfert 1 nucleus from the presence of H$β$ broad emission lines. This spectrum is located in a region where strong extinction is expected but exhibits the bluest spectral energy distribution. The Seyfert 1 nucleus seems to be offcenter with respect to the stellar rotation center. This result has been also found in other Seyfert galaxies and interpreted in terms of a past merger. The offcentering could indicate the presence of nonsymmetric departures in the gravitational potential which could be fueling the active nucleus. The kinematics of the [OIII] emitters show important deviations at a kpc scale with respect to the stellar velocity field and show features related to the asymmetrical morphology of the high ionization region.
description: 9 pages, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. Figures 1 and 7 are attached as .gif files
4892: Postcards from Sgt Frank Gill (Prisoner of War)
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Sgt Frank Gill, of the Coldstream Guards, wrote postcards as a prisoner of war, interred in Scheveningen 1918, in Holland. This was a place for wounded prisoners who were exchanged and interned at houses and hotels.
The reading experience through deaf eyes : a case study of signing deaf high school students
Creators: name: Chow, Denise Lynn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A qualitative case study explored the reading experiences of two Deaf high school students from a sociocultural perspective that recognizes Deaf readers as part of a language and cultural minority. Consistent with a sociocultural perspective, these case studies described the participants' cultural, language and school background followed by details about their reading experiences in the context of a School for the Deaf, the Deaf culture and community as well as their home and larger community. Volunteer participants had a Deaf cultural identity and participated in social activities within the Deaf community, communicated in American Sign Language (ASL) and read at a Grade 3 reading level, or above (results from the Stanford Achievement Test, Ninth Edition). Multiple sources of data (i.e., videotaped structured interviews, questionnaires, Informal Reading Inventories, cued-recall interviews, informal conversations with students, teachers and parents, and document review) recorded how they approached reading tasks through observations of reading episodes at home, school and in the community. Overall, case study findings provided important information regarding ASL signing Deaf readers' opinions about the value or purposes of reading while living within the Deaf and Hearing worlds. Participants valued reading and used reading and writing to interface Deaf and Hearing cultures. Converging evidence revealed how participants used both ASL and English as tools for building comprehension and decoding while reading. Contrary to the literature, findings reflected how these two Deaf high school students were active, strategic readers.
2200: Walter and Frank Hollingworth - Remembrance Day newspaper 1935
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Walter Hollingworth, and Frank Hollingworth were both in the same battalion as their brother Thomas, the 1/4 Hallamshire, part of the York and Lancaster Regiment. Thomas survived the war but Walter and Frank died. In 1934 the Sheffield Telegraph printed a Roll Of Honour on Remembrance Day, and Thomas wrote 'In loving memory of my two brothers, Walter and Frank Hollingworth, killed in action in 1915 and 1916. Memory Clings - Tom'.
Additional file 4 of Transcriptional signatures of participant-derived neural progenitor cells and neurons implicate altered Wnt signaling in Phelan-McDermid syndrome and autism
Creators: name: Breen, Michael S.
name: Browne, Andrew
name: Hoffman, Gabriel E.
name: Stathopoulos, Sofia
name: Brennand, Kristen
name: Buxbaum, Joseph D.
name: Drapeau, Elodie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. Cell type deconvolution analysis. Cibersort cell type deconvolution analysis of global gene expression profiles estimated cell frequencies (y-axis) in (A-B) hiPSC-NPCs and (C-D) hiPSC-neurons for four major cell types (x-axis) using a reference panel of single-cell RNA-sequencing data from the human fetal cortex. The predicted cellular proportions were compared between PMS probands and unaffected siblings to confirm that major shifts in underlying cell types would not confound downstream analyses. A Wilcox rank-sum test was used to compare the fractions of cell proportions between probands and siblings.
Absence of Coexistence of Superconductivity and Antiferromagnetism of the Hole-Doped Two-Dimensional Extended $t-J$ Model
Creators: name: Shih, C. T.
name: Chen, Y. C.
name: Chou, C. P.
name: Lee, T. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of coexistence of superconductivity (SC) and antiferromagnetic long range order (AFLRO) of the two-dimensional extended $t-J$ model in the very underdoped region is studied by the variational Monte-Carlo (VMC) method. In addition to using previously studied wave functions, a recently proposed new wave function generated from the half-filled Mott insulator is used. For hole-doped systems, the phase boundary between AFLRO and $d-$wave SC for the physical parameters, $J/t=0.3$, $t'/t=-0.3$ and $t''/t=0.2$, is located near hole density $δ_c = 0.06$, and there is {\it no} coexistence. The phase transition is first-order between these two homogeneous phases at $δ_c$.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Impact of Market Access Reforms On the Canadian Dairy Industry
Creators: name: Hacault, Anastasie
name: Rude, James
name: Carlberg, Jared G.
name: Hacault, Anastasie
name: Rude, James
name: Carlberg, Jared G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: The World Trade Organization's (WTO) latest round of negotiations, the Doha Development Agenda (DDA), will likely change the way most agricultural products are traded around the world. These new liberalization policies will potentially affect the Canadian production and consumption of dairy products. This paper uses a partial equilibrium model with stochastic world prices to evaluate the effects of these trade reforms on the Canadian dairy industry. Different liberalization scenarios are simulated and the outcomes are analyzed and discussed.
Cumulant theory of the unitary Bose gas: Prethermal and Efimovian dynamics
Creators: name: Colussi, V. E.
name: Kurkjian, H.
name: Van Regemortel, M.
name: Musolino, S.
name: van de Kraats, J.
name: Wouters, M.
name: Kokkelmans, S. J. J. M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quench of a degenerate ultracold Bose gas to the unitary regime, where interactions are as strong as allowed by quantum mechanics. We lay the foundations of a cumulant theory able to capture simultaneously the three-body Efimov effect and ergodic evolution. After an initial period of rapid quantum depletion, a universal prethermal stage is established characterized by a kinetic temperature and an emergent Bogoliubov dispersion law while the microscopic degrees of freedom remain far-from-equilibrium. Integrability is then broken by higher-order interaction terms in the many-body Hamiltonian, leading to a momentum-dependent departure from power law to decaying exponential behavior of the occupation numbers at large momentum. We find also signatures of the Efimov effect in the many-body dynamics and make a precise identification between the observed beating phenomenon and the binding energy of an Efimov trimer. Throughout the work, our predictions for a uniform gas are quantitatively compared with experimental results for quenched unitary Bose gases in uniform potentials.
description: 34 pages, 12 figures
An Analytic Approach to the Wave Packet Formalism in Oscillation Phenomena
Creators: name: Bernardini, Alex E.
name: De Leo, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an approximation scheme to perform an analytic study of the oscillation phenomena in a pedagogical and comprehensive way. By using Gaussian wave packets, we show that the oscillation is bounded by a time-dependent vanishing function which characterizes the slippage between the mass-eigenstate wave packets. We also demonstrate that the wave packet spreading represents a secondary effect which plays a significant role only in the non-relativistic limit. In our analysis, we note the presence of a new time-dependent phase and calculate how this additional term modifies the oscillating character of the flavor conversion formula. Finally, by considering Box and Sine wave packets we study how the choice of different functions to describe the particle localization changes the oscillation probability.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, AMS-TeX
COG-UK authorship list from The mutational spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 genomic and antigenomic RNA
Creators: name: Zhao, Lele
name: Hall, Matthew
name: de Cesare, Mariateresa
name: MacIntyre-Cockett, George
name: Lythgoe, Katrina
name: Fraser, Christophe
name: Bonsall, David
name: Golubchik, Tanya
name: Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium, COVID-19
name: Ferretti, Luca
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The raw material for viral evolution is provided by intra-host mutations occurring either during replication, transcription or post-transcription. Replication and transcription of Coronaviridae proceed through the synthesis of negative-sense ‘antigenomes’ acting as templates for positive-sense genomic and subgenomic RNA. Hence, mutations in the genomes of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses can occur during (and after) the synthesis of either negative-sense or positive-sense RNA, with potentially distinct patterns and consequences. We explored for the first time the mutational spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 (sub)genomic and anti(sub)genomic RNA. We use a high-quality deep sequencing dataset produced using a quantitative strand-aware sequencing method, controlled for artefacts and sequencing errors, and scrutinized for accurate detection of within-host diversity. The nucleotide differences between negative- and positive-sense strand consensus vary between patients and do not show dependence on age or sex. Similarities and differences in mutational patterns between within-host minor variants on the two RNA strands suggested strand-specific mutations or editing by host deaminases and oxidative damage. We observe generally neutral and slight negative selection on the negative strand, contrasting with purifying selection in ORF1a, ORF1b and S genes of the positive strand of the genome.
title: Multi-scale and upscale interaction of Mesoscale convective systems in the United Kingdom and France
Creators: name: Clarke, Smantha
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2018

description: Mesoscale convective systems (MCS) are difficult to forecast due to their inherent unpredictability and small scale. Here the impact of model resolution on MCS structure and downstream forecast evolution are determined. Four case analyses of European MCSs using output from a 12-km grid-spacing model reveal a consistent potential vorticity (PV) structure with a positive PV anomaly in the mid troposphere (5 PVU) and negative PV anomalies above and to either side of it (-1 PVU). Convection-permitting models produce stronger MCS PV anomalies than convection-parametrizing models in a case study from July 2012. These differences persist after coarse graining to 100-km grid spacing and are largest in the upper troposphere. The effect of poor representation of MCSs on forecasts is investigated by adding MCS perturbations, calculated as differences from coarse-grained convection-permitting (4.4- km grid spacing) model output, to convection-parametrizing (25-km grid spacing) deterministic and six-member ensemble (with operational initial condition perturbations) model forecasts. Upper-level MCS perturbations have more impact than those at middle levels, though using all levels yields the greatest impact. For the first 30 hours differences grow on the convective scale related to the MCS and a developing UK cyclone, despite perturbation damping. Subsequently, differences grow rapidly onto the synoptic-scale and by five days impact the entire northern hemisphere. The MCS perturbations systematically affect the ensemble forecasts though the differences are smaller than those generated by the initial condition perturbations. MCS perturbations slow the eastward movement of Rossby waves due to ridge amplification. A downstream cyclone deepens by up to 3 hPa after five days and forecast errors (compared to analysis) in mean-sealevel pressure are reduced in most members (by up to 2%). Thus, perturbing convection-parametrizing models to include PV anomalies associated with MCSs produces alternative realisations to those generated by initial condition perturbations and so could be useful operationally.
The Economics of Selling Crop Residue Biomass for Cellulosic Ethanol Production at the Farm Level
Creators: name: O'Brien, Daniel M.
name: Dumler, Troy J.
name: Jones, Rodney D.
name: O'Brien, Daniel M.
name: Dumler, Troy J.
name: Jones, Rodney D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: A partial budget decision making framework has been developed to assist crop producers in analyzing the profitability of selling cellulosic biomass from their fields for ethanol production. A multidisciplinary approach is taken in assessing the agronomic and economic factors relevant to biomass contract sales decisions – with direct application made to western Great Plains cropping systems and enterprises. Within this framework the benefits of increased revenue from cellulosic biomass contract sales and potential government assistance payments are considered against possible decreased revenue from diminished crop yields resulting from less crop residue cover and subsequent soil moisture evaporation. Increased biomass harvesting and handling are also considered, as is the cost of replacing crop nutrients removed as part of biomass harvest operations. Examples of the profitability of cellulosic biomass contract sales in center pivot irrigated corn and non-irrigated wheat enterprises are shown.
DEVELOPMENT AND INFLUENCE OF CHINESE STUDIES PROGRAMS IN UZBEKISTAN: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS
Creators: name: Lobar Urmanbekova
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The rise of China as a global economic power has driven many countries to prioritize the study of its language, culture, and political systems. In Uzbekistan, Chinese studies programs have expanded significantly over the past decade in response to growing economic and geopolitical ties between the two nations. This article offers a comprehensive analysis of the development and influence of Chinese studies programs across major academic institutions in Uzbekistan. It examines the evolution of these programs, their curriculum design, institutional collaboration, and the broader socio-economic impacts. A comparative analysis of different universities highlights the opportunities and challenges faced by students and educators in advancing Chinese language proficiency and cultural competence. The article also explores the role of Chinese studies in fostering bilateral relations and economic development in Uzbekistan.
Reconstruction of the Neutrino Mixing Matrix and Leptonic Unitarity Triangles from Long-baseline Neutrino Oscillations
Creators: name: Xing, Zhi-zhong
name: Zhang, He
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a new set of sum rules between the neutrino mass and mixing parameters in vacuum and their effective counterparts in matter. The moduli of nine genuine lepton mixing matrix elements can then be calculated in terms of the matter-corrected ones, and the latter can directly be determined from a variety of long-baseline neutrino oscillations. We show that it is possible to reconstruct the leptonic unitarity triangles and CP violation in a similar parametrization-independent way.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
Supplementary Figures and Table from The mutational spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 genomic and antigenomic RNA
Creators: name: Zhao, Lele
name: Hall, Matthew
name: de Cesare, Mariateresa
name: MacIntyre-Cockett, George
name: Lythgoe, Katrina
name: Fraser, Christophe
name: Bonsall, David
name: Golubchik, Tanya
name: Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium, COVID-19
name: Ferretti, Luca
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The raw material for viral evolution is provided by intra-host mutations occurring either during replication, transcription or post-transcription. Replication and transcription of Coronaviridae proceed through the synthesis of negative-sense ‘antigenomes’ acting as templates for positive-sense genomic and subgenomic RNA. Hence, mutations in the genomes of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses can occur during (and after) the synthesis of either negative-sense or positive-sense RNA, with potentially distinct patterns and consequences. We explored for the first time the mutational spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 (sub)genomic and anti(sub)genomic RNA. We use a high-quality deep sequencing dataset produced using a quantitative strand-aware sequencing method, controlled for artefacts and sequencing errors, and scrutinized for accurate detection of within-host diversity. The nucleotide differences between negative- and positive-sense strand consensus vary between patients and do not show dependence on age or sex. Similarities and differences in mutational patterns between within-host minor variants on the two RNA strands suggested strand-specific mutations or editing by host deaminases and oxidative damage. We observe generally neutral and slight negative selection on the negative strand, contrasting with purifying selection in ORF1a, ORF1b and S genes of the positive strand of the genome.
Charge dynamics of Ca_{2-x}Na_{x}CuO_{2}Cl_{2} as a correlated electron system with the ideal tetragonal lattice
Creators: name: Waku, K.
name: Katsufuji, T.
name: Kohsaka, Y.
name: Sasagawa, T.
name: Takagi, H.
name: Kishida, H.
name: Okamoto, H.
name: Azuma, M.
name: Takano, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the reflectivity and the resistivity measurement of Ca_{2-x}Na_{x}CuO_{2}Cl_{2} (CNCOC), which has a single-CuO2-plane lattice with no orthorhombic distortion. The doping dependence of the in-plane optical conductivity spectra for CNCOC is qualitatively the same to those of other cuprates, but a slight difference between CNCOC and LSCO, i.e., the absence of the 1.5 eV peak in CNCOC, can be attributed to the smaller charge-stripe instability in CNCOC. The temperature dependence of the optical onductivity spectra of CNCOC has been analyzed both by the two-component model (Drude+Lorentzian) and by the one-component model (extended-Drude analysis). The latter analysis gives a universal trend of the scattering rate Gamma(omega) with doping. It was also found that Gamma(omega) shows a saturation behavior at high frequencies, whose origin is the same as that of resistivity saturation at high temperatures.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. B
2049: 17-year-old Ted Rush joins the war
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Ted Rush, 17 years old and off to war. Survived the war and got married.
Environmental Efficiency Among Corn Ethanol Plants
Creators: name: Sesmero, Juan P.
name: Perrin, Richard K.
name: Fulginiti, Lilyan E.
name: Sesmero, Juan P.
name: Perrin, Richard K.
name: Fulginiti, Lilyan E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: ethanol
subject: data envelopment analysis
subject: life-cycle emissions
subject: environmental efficiency
subject: shadow prices

description: Economic viability of the US corn ethanol industry depends on prices, technical and economic efficiency of plants and on continuation of policy support. Public policy support is tied to the environmental efficiency of plants measured as their impact on emissions of greenhouse gases. This study evaluates the environmental efficiency of seven recently constructed ethanol plants in the North Central region of the U.S., using nonparametric data envelopment analysis (DEA). The minimum level of GHG emissions feasible with the available technology is calculated for each plant and this level is used to decompose environmental efficiency into its technical and allocative sources. Results show that, on average, plants in our sample may be able to reduce GHG emissions by a maximum of 6% or by 3,116 tons per quarter. Profit maximizing input and output allocations are also found based on observed prices. The environmentally efficient allocation, the profit maximizing allocation, and the observed allocation for each plant are combined to calculate shadow cost of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. These shadow costs gauge the extent to which there is a trade off or a complementarity between environmental targets and profits. Results reveal that, at current activity levels, plants may have room for simultaneous improvement of environmental efficiency and economic profitability.
Evolution of X-ray spectra of Cygnus X-3 with radio flares
Creators: name: Choudhury, M.
name: Rao, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cygnus X-3, among the X-ray binaries, is one of the brightest in the radio band, repeatedly exhibiting huge radio flares. The X-ray spectra shows two definite states, low (correspondingly hard) and high (correspondingly soft). During the hard state the X-ray spectra shows a pivoting behaviour correlated to the radio emission. In the high state the X-ray spectra shows a gamut of behaviour which controls the radio flaring activity of the source. The complete evolution of the X-ray spectra along with the radio flaring activity is reported here, for the first time for this source.
description: Bibliography has been correctly added
Becoming the Super Turker: Increasing Wages via a Strategy from High Earning Workers
Creators: name: Savage, Saiph
name: Chiang, Chun-Wei
name: Saito, Susumu
name: Toxtli, Carlos
name: Bigham, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: Crowd markets have traditionally limited workers by not providing transparency information concerning which tasks pay fairly or which requesters are unreliable. Researchers believe that a key reason why crowd workers earn low wages is due to this lack of transparency. As a result, tools have been developed to provide more transparency within crowd markets to help workers. However, while most workers use these tools, they still earn less than minimum wage. We argue that the missing element is guidance on how to use transparency information. In this paper, we explore how novice workers can improve their earnings by following the transparency criteria of Super Turkers, i.e., crowd workers who earn higher salaries on Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk). We believe that Super Turkers have developed effective processes for using transparency information. Therefore, by having novices follow a Super Turker criteria (one that is simple and popular among Super Turkers), we can help novices increase their wages. For this purpose, we: (i) conducted a survey and data analysis to computationally identify a simple yet common criteria that Super Turkers use for handling transparency tools; (ii) deployed a two-week field experiment with novices who followed this Super Turker criteria to find better work on MTurk. Novices in our study viewed over 25,000 tasks by 1,394 requesters. We found that novices who utilized this Super Turkers' criteria earned better wages than other novices. Our results highlight that tool development to support crowd workers should be paired with educational opportunities that teach workers how to effectively use the tools and their related metrics (e.g., transparency values). We finish with design recommendations for empowering crowd workers to earn higher salaries.
description: 12.pages, 8 figures, The Web Conference 202, ACM WWW 2020
Farmers Markets: Market Attributes, Market Managers and Other Factors Determining Success
Creators: name: Rimal, Arbindra
name: Onyango, Benjamin M.
name: Bailey, Jessica
name: Rimal, Arbindra
name: Onyango, Benjamin M.
name: Bailey, Jessica
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The objective of the study is to examine factors affecting the organization and success of farmers markets. A survey was conducted among vendors and market managers in Missouri. The preliminary results indicated that location of the farmers market, absence of wholesalers, and degree of supervision by market managers, market managers household attribute including children in the household determined level of success. Level of success was represented by number of vendor participation at the peak of the season. Farmer market attributes including parking spaces and petting zoos played crucial role in bringing in patrons, therefore increasing vendor participation. Uniform pricing policy was important to attract more vendors.
title: On supreme command: the characteristics of successful American generals at war
Creators: name: Cavanaugh, Matthew L.
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2018

description: Supreme command matters to a country at war. The supreme commander, typically a military general, is charged with ultimate judgment authority and responsibility for a community’s strategic performance in a conflict. Despite this clear importance, as Harvard’s Sarah Sewall has remarked, “we lack the tools to judge military leadership.” Aside from uncritical biographies and battlefocused military histories, the supreme commander’s role has evaded serious academic scrutiny. This historical study seeks to illuminate patterns in exemplary supreme command. It first considers the topic’s importance, then consults the characteristics associated with superlative supreme command, with particular focus on military theorist Carl von Clausewitz’s “military genius” as an ideal type. It then tests the assembled characteristics through three in-depth case studies using primary source records (e.g. dispatches and memoranda) as direct artifacts of judgment to quantify and qualify contrasts between opposing supreme commanders. Later on, it looks to formal, observable characteristics to enable comparisons among high-achieving supreme commanders. This dissertation finds superior judgment, attended by a distinct sense of empathy and grit, and accompanied by several other common characteristics, is what drives successful supreme command. This finding held true across different conflicts, strategies, and other comparative measures. This work concludes by thinking through the finding’s utility as well as pondering the extent to which these traits can be learned through experience or education.
Correlation Function in Deep Redshift Space as a Cosmological Probe
Creators: name: Matsubara, Takahiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent development of galaxy surveys enables us to investigate the deep universe of high redshift. We quantitatively present the physical information extractable from the observable correlation function in deep redshift space in a framework of the linear theory. The correlation function depends on the underlying power spectrum, velocity distortions, and the Alcock-Paczyński (AP) effect. The underlying power spectrum is sensitive to the constituents of matters in the universe, the velocity distortions are sensitive to the galaxy bias as well as the amount of total matter, and the Alcock-Paczyński effect is sensitive to the dark energy components. Measuring the dark energy by means of the baryonic feature in the correlation function is one of the most interesting applications. We show that the ``baryon ridge'' in the correlation function serves as a statistically circular object in the AP effect. In order to sufficiently constrain the dark energy components, the redshift range of the galaxy survey should be as broad as possible. The survey area on the sky should be smaller at deep redshifts than at shallow redshifts to keep the number density as dense as possible. We illustrate an optimal survey design that are useful in cosmology. Assuming future redshift surveys of $z\simlt 3$ which are within reach of the present-day technology, achievable error bounds on cosmological parameters are estimated by calculating the Fisher matrix. According to an illustrated design, the equation of state of dark energy can be constrained within $\pm 5%$ error assuming that the bias is unknown and marginalized over. Even when all the other cosmological parameters should be simultaneously determined, the error bound for the equation of state is up to $\pm 10%$.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, ApJ in press
Risk Belief, Producer Demand, and Valuation of Improved Irrigations: Results from Field Experiments in Mt. Kilimanjaro
Creators: name: Muamba, Francis
name: Kraybill, David S.
name: Muamba, Francis
name: Kraybill, David S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Willingness to Pay
subject: Climate Change
subject: Irrigation
subject: Risk Belief

description: This paper systematically estimates the potential benefit of introducing improved irrigation schemes in Mt. Kilimanjaro to help rain dependent farmers cope with the risks of climate change. The study uses Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to elicit farmers’ Willingness to Pay (WTP) for eliminating the risks of crop loss by accessing improved irrigation schemes. Data for the analysis were gathered using a double bounded survey from over 200 randomly-sampled farmers in 15 villages. The study makes a contribution to the applied welfare literature and should also be useful for policymakers in Africa. The policy contribution consists of valuation of improved irrigation in the presence of climate change risks. The applied welfare contribution consists of empirical evidence about the impact of farmer’s risk aversion on welfare valuation. Pratt and Zeckhauser (1996) argue on conceptual grounds that in the absence of complete contingent claims market, individual WTP per unit of risk reduction will depend significantly on the level of risk and the magnitude of reduction that is offered. The present study captures individual farmer’s risk exposure by constructing an index for farmers’ expected rainfall. Since mean WTP is nonlinear in its parameters, mean WTP is computed based on the Krinsky and Robb (1986) method, which simulates the confidence interval and the achieved significance levels (ASL) for testing the null hypothesis that WTP≤0. The results show that farmers with lower expectations about future rainfall are willing to pay more for accessing the improved irrigation scheme. In addition, Mt. Kilimanjaro farmers are willing to pay up to 10% of their income to have access to improved irrigation canals. Assuming a 5% discount rate, the study found that farmers will reimburse the cost of building the irrigation scheme after 7 to 9 years.