cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Strain Tuning Correlations in Van der Waals materials
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Our study aims to explore changes in the electronic and optical properties as well as the discovery of novel phases of matter in emergent quantum materials and their heterostructures composed of twisted tungsten diselenide (WSe2) bilayers, few layer molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2) and thin samples of HfTe5 under strain and high magnetic fields. WSe2, MoTe2 and HfTe5 are van der Waals materials - a class of materials that exhibit weak out-of-plane bonding which allows them to be mechanically exfoliated into atomically thin two-dimensional sheets. It has been demonstrated that strain provides a controllable method to tune the electronic properties of other van der Waals materials. Twisted bilayer WSe2 exhibits tunable electronic phases such as superconductivity and correlated insulating states by changing twist angle between stacked monolayers. MoTe2, a type-II Weyl semimetal in the bulk and a small-gap semiconductor in the single layer limit, is a promising candidate for high temperature superconductivity and has demonstrated pressure-driven electronic band tuning. HfTe5 is an emerging Dirac semimetal that demonstrates various topological electronic phases such as the anomalous hall effect. I plan to explore the optical and electronic responses of these materials with varying strain methods including static and dynamic strain. Our laboratory at UCI specializes in imparting different degrees and types of strain onto layered materials. Our strain methods include piezo-driven surface acoustic waves—a dynamic method to impart oscillating strain fields, a Razorbill strain apparatus that may applying uniaxial strain by stretching, and bending apparatuses which may controllably bend the layered materials using a 4-point and 3-point bending stage. Utilizing the Titan transmission electron microscope (TEM) in LANL’s Electron Microscopy Lab, we will conduct four-dimensional scanning TEM (4D-STEM) measurements on our MoTe2, WSe2, and HfTe5 crystals to characterize their crystal structure and the moiré patterns. We will perform magneto-optical measurements and magneto-electrical measurements at Los Alamos’ High Magnetic Field laboratory. With varying degrees of material strain, we will conduct transport measurements, Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy in the labs of Han Htoon and Michael Pettes.
Additional file 3 of Provincial policies affecting resident quality of life in Canadian residential long-term care
Creators: name: Irwin, Pamela
name: Taylor, Deanne
name: Keefe, Janice M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 3
Degradation science: Integrating modeling and experiment to predict localized corrosion processes
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Corrosion has a staggering impact on our nation’s economy, accumulating hundreds of billions of dollars in annual replacement costs. Within LLNL, it also underpins several of core missions, such as the Stockpile Stewardship program. Although corrosion is a thermodynamically driven process, its practical impact can be minimized by controlling key chemical processes that dictate the early stages of corrosion initiation. However, most existing corrosion and aging models are developed to describe the steady-state conditions that occur late in the reaction. To address this critical knowledge gap, this proposal will integrate state-of-the-art experimental characterization, multiscale simulations, and data science to elucidate factors that control initiation of localized corrosion—one of the most notorious processes that degrade materials. This proposal will focus on Aluminum (Al) and Al-based alloys that are highly relevant to ongoing LLNL activities. An initial study of polycrystalline, single-phase Al will provide a foundational for more complex alloys where impurities, inclusions, and phase segregation are also considered. We aim to investigate when and how local localized corrosion is impacted by variations in the local structure and composition due to the delocalized nature of galvanic processes. To this end, the graduate student will leverage state-of-the-art surface probes and electrochemical techniques at LLNL to obtain high spatial and temporal resolution of corrosion processes, with scales ranging from nanometers to 1000 microns. Orientation and element specific multimodal electron microscopy will be used together with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). The student will also be trained to model materials corrosion with multiscale simulations and data science approaches. In particular, orientation, compositions and work function derived from electron microscopy, SECM, and ab-initio simulations will provide inputs for a machine learning model that to provide a priori indicators of where degradation will initiate. Model predictions will be validated through in situ AFM coupled with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This close feedback between experiments and modeling will provide an unprecedented view of how materials degradation starts and proceeds.
History Studies: University of Limerick History Society Journal Vol (24)
Creators: name: University Of Limerick History Society
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 43
subject: History, heritage and archaeology

description: In our call for papers in Volume 24 we did not set a theme, and yet the articles presented herein are united by a focus on ethnic conflict and religious tension.Two of the articles in this volume explore aspects of Irish local history. Another essay interrogates the broader concept of Celtic identity, while the other three deal with early modern European history. This volume opens with Sarah Nunan’s exploration of the impact on life at the French court of the pious and philanthropic Francoise de Maintenon, and her influence on her husband, Louis XIV. Next, Charlie McEvoy introduces us to Fanny von Arnstein, the bourgeois Jewish salonnière who successfully navigated Christian ritual in early nineteenth-century Vienna. Théo Wouters’ essay looks at how Alexander Farnese employed reconciliation strategies to pacify the Spanish Netherlands during the Eighty Years’ War. Noel Murphy describes the eighteenth-century creation of the town of Mountshannon, Co. Clare as a linen village with the joint aims of economic development and promotion of the Protestant religion in Ireland. David Broderick, meanwhile, introduces us to the ‘Ultachs’, or Ulstermen, who fled religious persecution in the Ulster Borderlands in the late eighteenth century to find a new home in the Sliabh Aughty Mountains of southeast Galway. The final essay in this collection, from Trevor Mark Hanley, examines Celtic identity and how it has been used to create imagined glorious histories across many nations which claim Celtic origins.We wish to sincerely thank each of the contributors to this volume. Through publication of historical research, analysis and writing we add, not only to our knowledge of the past, but to our understanding of our own time and place. Thank you to each of you for the diversity of your areas of interest. Thank you also to Dr David Fleming for all his guidance and support, especially in our first year as editors, and to Dr Robert Collins for sharing his knowledge and experience as a previous editor of this journal.Rachel Beck and Lisa McGeeney
Additional file 1 of The use of dedicated long-axis views focused on the left atrium improves the accuracy of left atrial volumes and emptying fraction measured by cardiovascular magnetic resonance
Creators: name: Tondi, Lara
name: Badano, Luigi P.
name: Figliozzi, Stefano
name: Pica, Silvia
name: Torlasco, Camilla
name: Camporeale, Antonia
name: Florescu, Diana R.
name: Disabato, Giandomenico
name: Parati, Gianfranco
name: Lombardi, Massimo
name: Muraru, Denisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Intra- and inter-observer reproducibility for left atrial volumes and emptying fraction from short axis manual segmentation (reference). Table S2. Bland Altman and correlation analysis between standard and left atrial-focused long axis images for left atrial volumes, emptying fraction and diameters. Table S3. Comparison of left atrial long-axis diameters between standard and LA-focused images.
Enabling Ultrathin Solid Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries via Additive Manufacturing
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Solid-state lithium-metal batteries (LMBs) are gaining traction in electric vehicle applications because they replace flammable liquid electrolytes with a safer, solid-form electrolyte that also offers higher energy density and better resistance against Li dendrite formation. Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are highly promising candidates because of their tunable mechanical properties and easy manufacturability. However, existing SPEs often exceed a thickness of 100 μm, compromising the energy density advantage of LMBs. To address this conundrum, we propose to leverage high-resolution 3D printing, an additive manufacturing technology, to fabricate ultrathin porous membranes (in collaboration with the LLNL mentor, Dr. Jianchao Ye). These membranes will serve as a foundation for the fabrication of ultrathin SPEs (approximately 20 μm) with precise formulations, physicochemical properties, and mechanical characteristics for solid-state LMBs. Three interrelated tasks are proposed to achieve the project’s overarching goal: (1) Fabrication and optimization of ultrathin SPEs based on 3D-printed membranes, allowing for tunable porosity, thickness, and pattern. As a model system, we will incorporate the polyacrylate-based polymer (previously developed by our group) with 3D-printed membranes to assess compatibility. (2) Integration of an additive-engineering strategy to stabilize the lithium-SPE interface. Various film-forming additives will be introduced into the ultrathin SPEs, aiming to formulate stable solid-electrolyte interphases and eliminate corrosive side reactions on the anode side. (3) Incorporation of functional ceramic fillers into ultrathin SPEs to enhance dendritic suppression capability. Our plan involves introducing functional fillers, including ceramic anode materials that exhibit zero-volt stability. These fillers will enable the self-consumption of any lithium filament formed inside SPEs, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery. The unique facilities to be used in the LLNL includes the Advanced Manufacturing Lab. AML houses commercial and home-build 3D printers, including BMF S130 and S240 printers, Large-Area Projection Microlithography system, Nanoscribe based on two-photon polymerization, direct ink writing systems, binder-jet printer, selective laser sintering systems and Volumetric Additive Manufacturing systems.
Supplemental Material1 - Supplemental material for The Parallel Auditory Brainstem Response
Creators: name: Polonenko, Melissa J.
name: Maddox, Ross K.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 111708 Health and Community Services
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110315 Otorhinolaryngology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental material, Supplemental Material1 for The Parallel Auditory Brainstem Response by Melissa J. Polonenko and Ross K. Maddox in Trends in Hearing
Noncontact Ultrasonic Robotic Inspection of Nuclear Waste Storage Drums
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Assessing the integrity of nuclear waste storage drums is critical for ensuring safe nuclear waste disposal, which is of significant concern to the Nation and, more specifically, to National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) laboratories and production facilities. The failure of these drums can be catastrophic, exposing personnel and assets to radioactive contamination. For instance, a breach in a drum at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) in 2014 resulted in a $54 million fine for the U.S. Department of Energy. Thus, the need to frequently and reliably monitor the structural integrity of these storage drums is clear. Current inspection techniques rely on human examination of containers stored in underground facilities, using handheld sensors. This process is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and exposes personnel to a hazardous environment. Developing robots for autonomous inspection of nuclear waste drums could address these challenges and enable the reliable inspection of hard-to-reach hazardous areas. My current research focuses on real-time defect detection on metallic structures using noncontact air-coupled ultrasonic transducers. To demonstrate this technology, our team attaches a sensor-holding prototype, developed in-house, under a train car and collects data from rails while the train travels. The data consists of ultrasonic guided waves generated by the wheel-rail friction that leaks into air. Under the guidance of Dr. Lanza di Scalea, I developed algorithms that combine signal and image processing techniques, Bayesian statistics, and machine learning to transform the data into a 97% probability of defect detection using an unsupervised learning approach. My proposed project will demonstrate that this methodology is independent of the structure being inspected, and I can expand it to detect flaws in not only nuclear waste storage drums, but also nuclear reactors and their components. Working with LANL will provide me with the resources to ultimately develop a successful autonomous inspection device. The Laboratory is a major stakeholder at WIPP, with access to the structures of interest, the sensors used for inspection, previously acquired data, and a skilled robotics team. Dr. Farrar is a world leader in Structural Health Monitoring and his mentorship and knowledge on the subject matter will be invaluable for the success of this project.
Illuminating Active Soil Viral Assembly and Roles in Grassland Soil Biogeochemistry
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Viruses are the most abundant biological entities on Earth, yet we know little about their activities in soil. It is known that after a dry season, a precipitation event can cause a jolt of activity reawakening soil communities. Recent studies from UC Davis and LLNL have shown that the number of viral species in grassland soils is related to soil moisture. In other systems, phosphorus concentrations can affect the number of virus particles produced during infection. Current approaches to study viral communities only target specific types of viruses, and the viral signal is heavily occluded by microbial DNA and extracellular DNA that persists in soils — leaving us without the ability to observe how actively infecting viruses may contribute to microbial and viral community assembly and terrestrial nutrient cycles, such as the carbon cycle. Leveraging recent advances in DNA sequencing a first-of-its-type study observing the complete lifecycle of viruses in grassland soils after a simulated precipitation was performed at LLNL. This was achieved by creating microcosms with dry grassland soils, simulating a precipitation event by adding natural abundance water or oxygen-heavy water, then adding potassium phosphate to half of the microcosms, and sampling the microcosms weekly for three weeks. The DNA were extracted from these microcosms to capture all virus types and density fractions were separated (based on heavy oxygen incorporation) of microbial and viral DNA and sequenced using a novel high-throughput stable isotope probing pipeline pioneered at LLNL. Additionally, extracellular DNA and viral particle DNA were extracted from collected soils. This amount of sequencing generated an enormous dataset of viral and microbial genetic data creating an opportunity to leverage the supercomputer and bioinformatic expertise found at LLNL to process the data. From these data, we will track the production and persistence of viruses as they cycle from actively killing their hosts and producing virus particles or remain as integrated viruses in their host capable of metabolic rewiring. These data will give us further insight into the impact of viral communities on soil microbiome structuring and a better understanding of how viruses respond to environmental changes and how virus-host dynamics could impact the carbon cycle and other terrestrial nutrient cycles.
Microscopic simulations to uncover defect physics in extreme environments
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: The mechanical performance of metals such as nickel superalloys and high-strength steels is critical to the long-term sustainability of nuclear systems. Scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) are heavily invested in understanding these materials’ behavior in the field. It is known that under extreme thermal and irradiation conditions, metallic nuclear components display unique material response. Traditional theory dictates that metals weaken under elevated temperatures, due to the increased mobilization of microscopic defects, such as dislocations. However, experimental observations show a clear temperature insensitive regime, and only at a critical temperature does the stress expectedly decrease. Furthermore, irradiation of metals and alloys induces the formation of additional defects. Thus, exposure to radiation affects the critical temperature, but the coupled effect of radiation and temperature is not fully understood. Specifically, dislocation motion and interactions with irradiation defects are operative at microscopic length scales and high speeds, making them difficult to observe experimentally. Additionally, conventional materials characterization techniques are often insufficient to function in extreme environments properly and safely. Thus, understanding dislocation-defect interactions in nuclear materials requires predictive, multi-physics, three-dimensional simulation capabilities. My project aims to study these interactions in face-centered cubic metals, such as stainless steel, using the phase-field dislocation dynamics (PFDD) model. Collaboration with LANL is critical to this work, as the PFDD code originated there and the lab is home to scientists who continue to develop it. PFDD operates on a scale in which individual dislocations, defects, and their interactions can be modeled. We plan to study thermal effects on mechanical response due to dislocation/irradiation defect interactions by modeling temperature via a combined PFDD-kinetic Monte Carlo framework. At the critical temperature, we hypothesize that changes in dislocation behavior in the presence of irradiation-induced defects affects material softening; thus, irradiation rate plays a role in determining the critical temperature. Insights from this work will assist LANL scientists in designing improved radiation-resistant materials for nuclear energy applications.
Additional file 2 of HELLPAR/RRM2 axis related to HMMR as novel prognostic biomarker in gliomas
Creators: name: Zhu, Huaxin
name: Tan, Jiacong
name: Pan, Xinyi
name: Ouyang, Hengyang
name: Zhang, Zhixiong
name: Li, Meihua
name: Zhao, Yeyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. The association of RRM2 expression with WHO grade, IDH statu, 1p/19q codeletion, and age in gliomas from TCGA database (A). Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis and time-dependent ROC analysis showed that high RRM2 expression correlated to poor prognosis of gliomas patients from TCGA database (B). Figure S2. Correlation analysis of the ceRNA network.
Interactive Visual Analysis of Data Movement in Heterogeneous Computing Architectures
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: With the end of Moore’s law in sight, High-Performance Computing (HPC) has increasingly focused on heterogeneous architectures to meet the exascale computing goals. Leading supercomputers provide unprecedented capabilities through a combined prowess of large multi-core CPUs and several high-performant GPUs on each computational node. While heterogeneous architectures have demonstrated effectiveness in solving large and complex scientific problems, there still exist many opportunities to improve the returns on investments in this relatively new paradigm. In particular, although significant speedup can be reaped by porting the computationally expensive operations to the GPUs or by using dedicated I/O nodes, the corresponding data movement costs may substantially compensate for the overall gains. Identification of such data movement penalties, in particular, to and from I/O nodes, between CPUs and GPUs, and across memory hierarchies, can shed new light on the associated bottlenecks, leading to development of new ways to improve the utilization of these architectures. We propose to develop new visual analysis techniques to enable a detailed investigation of data movement costs and investigate their impact on the application’s performance. We will develop a new framework to allow holistic exploration of data movement to satiate the need for large-scale heterogeneous computing. Focusing on the need for in-situ exploration, e.g., for understanding the data costs of training deep neural networks, we will visualize streaming performance data enabling real-time exploration for applications on heterogeneous machines. Although one may use known metrics to analyze the performance of applications, such an approach is primarily useful for validating/invalidating their hypothesis. Whereas developing new conjectures about the causes and potential solutions to performance problems is typically not possible. Our framework will inform code developers, computational scientists, and HPC researchers of possible ways to improve machine utilization and efficiently run larger and communication-demanding applications, e.g., by identifying incompatible job placement, and hardware latencies and communication patterns. Overall, our approach can help in narrowing the growing gap between the computing power of processes and data bandwidth at various levels of granularities.
Additional file 1 of GhPYL9-5D and GhPYR1-3 A positively regulate Arabidopsis and cotton responses to ABA, drought, high salinity and osmotic stress
Creators: name: Wang, Yibin
name: Zhang, Gaofeng
name: Zhou, Huimin
name: Yin, Shanshan
name: Li, Yunxiang
name: Ma, Caixia
name: Chen, Pengyun
name: Sun, Lirong
name: Hao, Fushun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Additional file 1 of Laboratory performance of genome-wide cfDNA for copy number variants as compared to prenatal microarray
Creators: name: Soster, Erica
name: Tynan, John
name: Gibbons, Clare
name: Meschino, Wendy
name: Wardrop, Jenna
name: Almasri, Eyad
name: Schwartz, Stuart
name: McLennan, Graham
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file1. Contains Table S1 which details the 49 subchromosomal CNV cases included in the performance calculations, Tables S3–S9 which contain details of the various performance calculations, and Table S10 which contains the details regarding the various array platforms as extracted from the laboratory report
Target Read Operation of Passive Ultra High Frequency RFID Tag in a Multiple Tags Environment
Creators: name: Phua, Zi Qin
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Electro-Mechanical Systems
subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: Systems and Communications
subject: Systems Engineering

description: Passive ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency Identification (RFID) has emerged as a promising solution for many industrial applications. Passive UHF systems are relatively inexpensive to implement and monitor, as no line of sight is required for the communication. There are several advantages to using a passive RFID system. For example, no internal power source is required to activate the tags, and lower labor costs and efficient multitasking operations are expected in a long term scenario. However, due to factors such as tag-to-tag interference and inaccurate localization, RFID tags that are closely spaced together are difficult to detect and program accurately with unique identifiers. This thesis investigates two main ways to enable and improve multi-tag operations: physical tag placement and design of the near-field RFID reader antenna. First, several factors that affect the ability to encode a specific tag with unique information in the presence of other tags are investigated, such as reader power level, tag-to-antenna distance, tag-to-tag distance and tag orientation. A Full Factorial Design is carried out to study the effects of each of the factors and factor interactions. Results suggest a preliminary minimum tag-to-tag spacing which enables the maximum number of tagged items to be uniquely encoded without interference. In order to individually read each tag in a multi-tag form, an experimental device is built to enable controlled movement and positioning of the reader’s antenna to the location of each of the tags. The experimental device is also designed to test other mechanical means of isolating the tags, such as shielding and mechanical isolation of the tagged media. Furthermore, to test a second method of improving the efficacy of programming tags uniquely in a multi-tag environment, the reader’s antenna is redesigned to confine the electromagnetic field distribution to reduce the probability of activating non-targeted tags in the surrounding. Using the commercial software package ANSYS High Frequency Structural Solver (HFSS), the coupling interaction between the reader’s antenna and RFID tags was simulated to investigate the relative voltage induced in the target tag relative to each of the proximal tags. The new antenna is then fabricated and validated with the simulation results. With a better antenna design and ideals tag placement, the read operation of multiple tags can be improved and made more reliable. These findings can potentially expedite the process of field programming in item-level tagging and increase the throughput rate of unique tag encoding.
Point Defect and Short Range Order Kinetics in Concentrated Substitutional Alloys
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Compositionally complex alloys (CCA’s), which contain multiple metallic elements with near equal proportions, have garnered much recent attention. These alloys can exhibit desirable combinations of properties, such as strength, toughness and corrosion resistance, which make them attractive for a range of potential applications in energy, transportation and national security sectors. Due to their composition, and the disordered nature of their atomic structure, these alloys display a statistical distribution of local atomic environments that underlie their ability to host a variety of different deformation mechanisms, and that can affect diffusive transport at high temperatures or under irradiation. An important issue for their design then becomes the exact nature of these statistical distributions, i.e., whether they are characteristic of perfectly random compositional disorder, or possess differing degrees of local atomic short-range order (SRO). Understanding the kinetic processes that govern the formation and destruction of SRO is necessary for optimizing properties in the processing of CCAs, as well as controlling their performance in extreme conditions. The proposed scope of this research is to use advanced atomistic computer simulations to investigate these questions surrounding the kinetics of SRO formation and its effect on diffusive transport of relevant point defects. A major limitation with current computer simulation methods at the relevant atomistic length scales is reaching diffusive timescales without simplifying assumptions that limit their accuracy and general applicability. Los Alamos National Lab (LANL) scientists have pioneered the development of a suite of tools to overcome this limitation, called Accelerated Molecular Dynamics (AMD). Working with LANL scientists, AMD methods will be applied to simulate the kinetics of SRO formation, and to understand its impact on point defect diffusion. The work will focus initially on a concentrated Ni-Cr alloy, a material central to LANL’s Fundamental Understanding of Transport Under Reactor Extremes (FUTURE) project. Results obtained spanning simulation parameters of temperature, solute, and defect concentration will allow for the development and validation of theoretical models that can predict transport kinetics in systems with SRO, thus opening this analysis to CCA materials more broadly.
Controls of Methane Dynamics in Tropical Peatlands
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Rising atmospheric methane (CH4) levels since the early 2000s are likely related to changes in efflux and/or sink strength in terrestrial ecosystems. Much of this increase in atmospheric CH4 has been attributed to greater inter-annual and seasonal variability in climate and water table in tropical wetlands. Tropical ecosystems are projected to undergo large changes in precipitation, which may lead to even larger changes in atmospheric CH4. There are significant gaps in global carbon budgets and climate predictions due to the lack of carbon cycling data from tropical wetlands. Filling in these gaps will help better predict how the large carbon stocks in these soils will respond to future environmental change. The goal of this proposed work will be to assess the environmental controls on methanogenesis and methanotrophy in deep soil profiles across tropical wetland ecosystems where 104 Gt of global carbon is stored. Specifically, we will examine surface and soil profile flux to accurately predict changes in future CH4 efflux. This will be the first assessment of CH4 dynamics in tropical wetlands below 1m, where the majority of CH4 is produced. This project will measure radiocarbon using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) to determine source of CH4 from tropical wetlands. The PhD student, Alexandra Hedgpeth, has previously worked at LLNL’s Center for AMS and is proficient in sample preparation and graphitization. As such, training will focus on AMS runs, and modeling and interpretation of data under the mentorship of Dr. Karis McFarlane. There is a significant lack of CH4 flux data and a large sampling bias towards Indonesia and Malaysia due to the difficulties associated with field work in these regions. We will conduct the proposed research in a Panamanian wetland site previously established by Alexandra Hedgpeth to add needed data from other tropical wetland regions to provide a more extensive understanding in the spatial pattern of CH4 flux. We hypothesize that the results of this study will demonstrate that in tropical wetlands rapid drops in water table lead to short-lived but large CH4 release from anaerobic subsoils to the atmosphere. We expect that decreased moisture and water table together suppress methanotrophy increasing CH4 efflux.
Additional file 2 of GhPYL9-5D and GhPYR1-3 A positively regulate Arabidopsis and cotton responses to ABA, drought, high salinity and osmotic stress
Creators: name: Wang, Yibin
name: Zhang, Gaofeng
name: Zhou, Huimin
name: Yin, Shanshan
name: Li, Yunxiang
name: Ma, Caixia
name: Chen, Pengyun
name: Sun, Lirong
name: Hao, Fushun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Supplementary Material 2
Unraveling the Dark Side of Marine Biotools: Development of Lightweight & Radioprotective Composites
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: In nature, the primary reinforcing elements of structural tissues are almost always inorganic minerals. However, this is not the only blueprint for achieving rigidity, high strength, and abrasion resistance in composites. The Humboldt squid and several carnivorous marine worms have "biotools" (beaks, jaws or teeth) that exhibit impressive mechanical performance yet contain little or no inorganic mineral content. The bloodworm Glycera dibranchiata offers an interesting example, as its load- and impact-resistant jaws are comprised of a network of proteins, mostly unmineralized copper and melanin. The use of melanin as a structural component is a unique design concept not found elsewhere, as the typical biological roles of melanin are pigmentation and photoprotection. Limited prior studies of Glycera jaws revealed hard, strong, and tough mechanical properties- on par with or even exceeding human bone- despite minimal degree of mineralization (<1%). However, the formation of these biocomposites, the exact role of melanin, and the synergy among the various components in the Glycera jaw remain poorly understood. The principal objectives of this research are to elucidate the structure-property relationships of melanin, proteins, and metal building blocks in the jaw and to use this information to inform the design of future lightweight high-performance composites. To unravel this mystery, we will investigate the jaws' molecular and nanoscale mechanics, the morphology and structure of melanin, and the interactions among individual constituents in Glycera jaws by leveraging state-of-the-art 4D scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) and single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS). In addition, since melanin is known for its extraordinary radioactive shielding properties in organisms exposed to high background radiation levels, we will investigate whether these biocomposites exhibit any radioprotective capabilities. New information regarding the relationship between biochemical structure and mechanical behavior of the various components will be coupled with bioinspired materials processing and the unique capabilities of LLNL on advanced manufacturing processes as well as materials characterization to support the fabrication of biomimetic lightweight yet strong melanin composites, with potential applications as structural and radiation shielding materials.
Analysis of effective components in parental involvement: A qualitative approach with content analysis method
Publisher: name: The university Of Kurdistsan
Year: 2021

description: Parental involvement in school is very important. Today, society's expectations\nof the education system have increased. Therefore, the educational system is\nnot only responsible for teaching and transferring educational materials in the\nminds of learners, and for the success of educational programs, policymakers\nin the education system must provide the grounds for parental participation to\npromote student growth. If there is no logical, participatory and two-way\ncommunication between the three institutions of home, school and society,\ntheir function will be separate from each other. This is a problem that affects\nmany families today. The current situation of any society is the result of\nyesterday's learning of people at home and school, and the future situation of\nany society is the result of investments that are made today on the knowledge\nof people at home, school and society. The important principle of wisdom is\nthat the future cannot be found, it can be made. If you are looking to build\nthe future of the community, build a bridge between home and school and\nallow this bridge to cross the community. One of the main problems of our\ncountry is the lack of close and intimate communication between school and\nfamilies. Due to the weakness in the structures and system of communication\nbetween the school and the family and the lack of awareness of parents about\ntheir decisive role and destiny in the scientific and spiritual development of\ntheir children and lack of knowledge of legal capacities created to interact.
Exciton Transport in 2D and 3D Halide Perovskite Materials
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Excitons have significant effects on the photoinduced response of halide perovskites - materials that promise revolutionary advances in optoelectronic and spintronic technologies. Despite intense efforts, the formation, transport, and spin polarization mechanisms of these excitons are not well understood. My dissertation is focused on understanding exciton behavior in halide perovskites through a wide variety of transport and spectroscopic experimentation coupled to theoretical simulations. Recently, we developed unique fabrication procedures that allow for the novel study of exciton transport under a wide range of temperature and charge density conditions in single crystalline perovskites. We also revealed indirect signatures of excitonic dominance over charge diffusion in perovskites up to technologically relevant temperatures. This Fellowship will allow me to leverage these breakthroughs and visualize exciton dynamics under several key experimental avenues - space, time, spectrum, and dimensionality (3D bulk to 2D molecular layers), with an aim of understanding and manipulating excitonic responses. Through a combination of spatially, temporally, and spectrally resolved temperature-dependent fluorescence and absorption microscopies, we will reveal an increasing excitonic population at low temperatures and provide direct evidence of its connection to enhanced photoinduced carrier diffusion behavior. Furthermore, we will utilize LANL’s ultrafast optical microscopy facilities to study the formation and recombination dynamics of the excitons in 2D and 3D samples, thus validating dimensionality as an important tuning parameter for their photovoltaic response. Overall, this work will provide better understanding of the interplay among free carriers, excitons, phonons, and spins and allow us to harness these interactions for creating new materials with enhanced optoelectronic and spintronic properties. Working under joint supervision from Dr. Yarotski (LANL) and Prof. Yu (UCD) will allow me to benefit from their expertise of photovoltaic materials, as well as nanoscale and ultrafast optical and transport techniques. The results of this work will lead to many high-profile publications that will be of great interest to a broad community of researchers in condensed matter physics, optical science, and related fields.
Heterogeneous 2D Lamellar Membranes for Improved Separation in Water Purification
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Membrane technology has played a key role addressing global freshwater scarcity, providing additional water supplies such as desalination and water reuse. Lamellar membranes based on homogeneous 2D-materials have demonstrated intriguing performance for water treatment, but suffered from poor selectivity, membrane swelling, stacking defects, or poor stability. To address these problems, I propose to develop heterogenous lamellar membranes by combining Graphene Oxide (GO) with porous nanosheets such as Zeolite and MoS2. Heterogenous stacking of GO-Zeolite/MoS2 nanosheets can minimize membrane swelling by rebalancing the attractive and repulsive forces between layers, thus improving stability of the interlamellar spacing and membrane selectivity. In-plane pores on porous nanosheets and the interlamellar nanochannels provide hybrid transport pathways for molecules, which could be exploited to transcend the permeability-selectivity tradeoff of conventional membrane materials. Together with swelling control, a major goal of my study is to understand the hybrid transport mechanisms in the heterogeneous membranes to achieve high separation performance. I propose to incorporate 2D nanosheets onto a single-nanopore substrate and investigate ion transport using patch clamp technique. This analysis will isolate the molecular transport through in-plane pores and nanochannels by altering substrate pore size and thickness of deposited nanosheets. Molecular transport will be likely dominated by in-plane pores when the substrate pore is small, while transport through nanochannels will be more pronounced with larger substrate pore and thicker nanosheets deposition. TEM-compatible, single-pore silicon nitride membrane will be used as membrane substrate to facilitate device imaging and characterization. This work will leverage the LLNL mentor expertise in nanofluidics and ion/water transport, as well access to LLNL tools for single nanosheet (Axopatch patch clamp and Keithley instruments) and centimeter-scale membrane transport (RO and diffusion cells) characterization. With combined structural and chemical control in 2D membranes and selective characterization of the transport pathways, this research will ultimately provide fundamental knowledge required to develop lamellar membranes meeting the demanding performance metrics for efficient water purification and desalination.
Supplemental Material, Emery_Online_Appendix - Who are “We”? Couple Identity Clarity and Romantic Relationship Commitment
Creators: name: Emery, Lydia F.
name: Gardner, Wendi L.
name: Carswell, Kathleen L.
name: Finkel, Eli J.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Supplemental Material, Emery_Online_Appendix for Who are “We”? Couple Identity Clarity and Romantic Relationship Commitment by Lydia F. Emery, Wendi L. Gardner, Kathleen L. Carswell and Eli J. Finkel in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
Additional file 1 of Photodistributed Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a systematic review and proposal for a new diagnostic classification
Creators: name: McKinley, Blake Jeffrey
name: Allen, Mitchell Edger
name: Michels, Nicole
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file1: A log of individual searches with their corresponding results to identify photodistributed cases of SJS/TEN.
Software for Precision HIV Therapy: Leveraging Genomics for Enhanced Drug Resistance Prediction
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: The advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has substantially improved the management of HIV/AIDS, yielding greater viral suppression, transmission prevention, and improved health outcomes for patients. However, drug resistance, including to the latest generation ART, is becoming a more pervasive clinical problem. Because resistant viruses typically replicate less efficiently than non-resistant viruses, whether a drug resistant mutation (DRM) persists in the viral population depends on the intricate tradeoff between resistance and fitness. Here, we note one important and novel consideration. The occurrence and effect of DRMs in response to ART are strongly dependent on the specific genetic sequence background in which the mutation occurs. Previously, we showed that the fitness effect of primary DRMs can vary widely within and between patient populations due to epistatic interactions of the DRM with the sequence background of the virus. Accordingly, laboratory-derived molecular HIV clones, such as NL4-3, HxB2, or LAI IIIB, often fail to accurately reflect the complex genetic backgrounds of patient-derived viral sequences. Unfortunately, current methods for evaluating fitness effects of patient-derived DRMs rely on these same laboratory-derived molecular viral clones. To address this discrepancy, we propose to develop a novel machine-learning-based lightweight and ready-to-use software to predict the differential effects of DRMs premised on individual patient sequence backgrounds. The proposed software will leverage comprehensive HIV sequence data from patients in the Stanford and Los Alamos HIV databases to predict the fitness effects of DRMs in various patient-derived sequences. We aim to provide an accurate, easy-to-use, and reliable tool that can be developed as an application for clinicians for the potential assessment of drug resistance in patients, thus facilitating the development of tailored treatment strategies, including but not limited to the prescription of better combination regimens. This tool would represent a significant advance in bridging the gap between laboratory-based predictions and real-world patient scenarios. Its implementation could make costly DRM testing alternatives available to underserved communities, optimize treatment efficacy in diverse patient populations, and yield more effective personalized treatment strategies for HIV.