cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Drying treatment impact on oil yield extracted from black soldier fly larvae using supercritical carbon dioxide and its biological activities
Creators: name: Rattana, M.
name: Yongyut, C.
name: Supachet, P.
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 300602
subject: Food chemistry and food sensory science

description: Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae are considered economically viable as an alternative source of oil and bioactive compounds. The drying and extraction methods are critical steps in the extraction of oil and have an impact on the characteristics and composition of the extracted oil. Supercritical CO2 extraction of oil from black soldier fly larvae allows for the extraction of important bioactive compounds and oils while causing the least amount of change. The effect of different pre-treatment tray-drying and freeze-drying methods on the quantity and biological activities of oil extracted from black soldier fly larvae using supercritical CO2 was investigated in this study. Oil extraction from tray-dried and freeze-dried black soldier fly larvae samples could be done at low temperatures for a shorter extraction time, resulting in higher yields while avoiding the negative effects of high temperatures on lipids and other valuable components. The oil extracted from tray-dried and freeze-dried black soldier fly larvae contained major fatty acid compositions such as lauric acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and palmitic acid, as well as total phenolic compounds (0.067-0.113 mg gallic acid/g oil), antioxidant capacity 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhdrazyl (DPPH) (0.36-0.56 mmol Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC)/10 g oil), and antioxidant capacity 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) (0.23-0.55 mmol TEAC/10 g oil, and ferric reducing antioxidant power antioxidant capacity (0.33-0.64 mmol TEAC/10 g oil). The oil extracted from tray-dried and freeze-dried larvae samples had a shelf life of approximately 2.42-3.63 months and 2.51-3.40 months, respectively, at storage temperatures ranging from 25 to 55 °C. The oil extracted from tray-dried and freeze-dried larvae samples extracted using supercritical CO2 had high acid values which could inhibit keratinocyte growth by 76.70 and 75.04%, respectively, at 100 mg/ml concentrations. Furthermore, the tray-drying and freeze-drying methods had no effect on the physicochemical properties of the supercritical CO2-extracted oil from dried black soldier fly larvae samples.
A catalogue of high-mass X-ray binaries in the Galaxy: from the INTEGRAL to the Gaia era
Creators: name: Fortin, Francis
name: Garcia, Federico
name: Simaz-Bunzel, Adolfo
name: Chaty, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) are a particular class of high-energy sources that require multi-wavelength observational efforts to be properly characterised. New identifications and the refinement of previous measurements are regularly published in the literature by independent teams of researchers and might, when they are collected in a catalogue, offer a tool for facilitating further studies of HMXBs. We update previous instances of HMXB catalogues in the Galaxy and provide the community easy access to the most complete set of observables on Galactic HMXBs. In addition to the fixed version that is available in Vizier, we also aim to host and maintain a dynamic version that can be updated upon request from users. Any modification will be logged in this version. Using previous HMXB catalogues supplemented by listings of hard X-ray sources detected in the past 20 years, we produced a base set of HMXBs and candidates by means of identifier and sky coordinate cross matches. We queried in Simbad for unreferenced HMXBs. We searched for as many hard X-ray, soft X-ray, optical, and infrared counterparts to the HMXBs as we could in well-known catalogues and compiled their coordinates. Each HMXB was subjected to a meticulous search in the literature to find relevant measurements and the original reference. We provide a catalogue of 152 HMXBs in the Galaxy with their best known coordinates, the spectral type of the companion star, systemic radial velocities, component masses, orbital period, eccentricity, and spin period when available. We also provide the coordinates and identifiers for each counterpart we found from hard X-rays to the near-infrared, including 111 counterparts from the recent Gaia DR3 catalogue.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Searching for gamma-ray emission from galaxy clusters at low redshift
Creators: name: Colavincenzo, Manuel
name: Tan, Xiuhui
name: Ammazzalorso, Simone
name: Camera, Stefano
name: Regis, Marco
name: Xia, Jun-Qing
name: Fornengo, Nicolao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the identification of a positive cross-correlation signal between the unresolved $γ$-ray emission, measured by the \emph{Fermi} Large Area Telescope, and four different galaxy cluster catalogues. The selected catalogues peak at low-redshift and span different frequency bands, including infrared, optical and X-rays. The signal-to-noise ratio of the detected cross-correlation amounts to 3.5 in the most significant case. We investigate and comment about its possible origin, in terms of compact $γ$-ray emission from AGNs inside clusters or diffuse emission from the intracluster medium. The analysis has been performed by introducing an accurate estimation of the cross-correlation power-spectrum covariance matrix, built with mock realisations of the gamma and galaxy cluster maps. Different methods to produce the mock realizations starting from the data maps have been investigated and compared, identifying suitable techniques which can be generalized to other cross-correlation studies.
description: 24 pages, 17 figures
Topological recursion for Masur-Veech volumes
Creators: name: Andersen, Jørgen Ellegaard
name: Borot, Gaëtan
name: Charbonnier, Séverin
name: Delecroix, Vincent
name: Giacchetto, Alessandro
name: Lewanski, Danilo
name: Wheeler, Campbell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Masur-Veech volumes $MV_{g,n}$ of the principal stratum of the moduli space of quadratic differentials of unit area on curves of genus $g$ with $n$ punctures. We show that the volumes $MV_{g,n}$ are the constant terms of a family of polynomials in $n$ variables governed by the topological recursion/Virasoro constraints. This is equivalent to a formula giving these polynomials as a sum over stable graphs, and retrieves a result of \cite{Delecroix} proved by combinatorial arguments. Our method is different: it relies on the geometric recursion and its application to statistics of hyperbolic lengths of multicurves developed in \cite{GRpaper}. We also obtain an expression of the area Siegel--Veech constants in terms of hyperbolic geometry. The topological recursion allows numerical computations of Masur--Veech volumes, and thus of area Siegel--Veech constants, for low $g$ and $n$, which leads us to propose conjectural formulas for low $g$ but all $n$. We also relate our polynomials to the asymptotic counting of square-tiled surfaces with large boundaries.
description: 75 pages, v2: added a section on enumeration of square-tiled surfaces
Exploiting Noise as a Resource for Computation and Learning in Spiking Neural Networks
Creators: name: Ma, Gehua
name: Yan, Rui
name: Tang, Huajin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: $\textbf{Formal version available at}$ https://cell.com/patterns/fulltext/S2666-3899(23)00200-3 Networks of spiking neurons underpin the extraordinary information-processing capabilities of the brain and have become pillar models in neuromorphic artificial intelligence. Despite extensive research on spiking neural networks (SNNs), most studies are established on deterministic models, overlooking the inherent non-deterministic, noisy nature of neural computations. This study introduces the noisy spiking neural network (NSNN) and the noise-driven learning rule (NDL) by incorporating noisy neuronal dynamics to exploit the computational advantages of noisy neural processing. NSNN provides a theoretical framework that yields scalable, flexible, and reliable computation. We demonstrate that NSNN leads to spiking neural models with competitive performance, improved robustness against challenging perturbations than deterministic SNNs, and better reproducing probabilistic computations in neural coding. This study offers a powerful and easy-to-use tool for machine learning, neuromorphic intelligence practitioners, and computational neuroscience researchers.
description: 36 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables. Formal version available at https://cell.com/patterns/fulltext/S2666-3899(23)00200-3
Quantum Unique Ergodicity for half-integral weight forms
Creators: name: Lester, Stephen
name: Radziwiłł, Maksym
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the analogue of the Quantum Unique Ergodicity (QUE) conjecture for half-integral weight automorphic forms. Assuming the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH) we establish QUE for both half-integral weight holomorphic Hecke cusp forms for $Γ_0(4)$ lying in Kohnen's plus subspace and for half-integral weight Hecke Maaß cusp forms for $Γ_0(4)$ lying in Kohnen's plus subspace. By combining the former result along with an argument of Rudnick, it follows that under GRH the zeros of these holomorphic Hecke cusp equidistribute with respect to hyperbolic measure on $Γ_0(4)\backslash \mathbb H$ as the weight tends to infinity.
description: 61 pages
On fixed-point, Krylov, and $2\times 2$ block preconditioners for nonsymmetric problems
Creators: name: Southworth, Ben S.
name: Sivas, Abdullah A.
name: Rhebergen, Sander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F08

description: The solution of matrices with $2\times 2$ block structure arises in numerous areas of computational mathematics, such as PDE discretizations based on mixed-finite element methods, constrained optimization problems, or the implicit or steady state treatment of any system of PDEs with multiple dependent variables. Often, these systems are solved iteratively using Krylov methods and some form of block preconditioner. Under the assumption that one diagonal block is inverted exactly, this paper proves a direct equivalence between convergence of $2\times2$ block preconditioned Krylov or fixed-point iterations to a given tolerance, with convergence of the underlying preconditioned Schur-complement problem. In particular, results indicate that an effective Schur-complement preconditioner is a necessary and sufficient condition for rapid convergence of $2\times 2$ block-preconditioned GMRES, for arbitrary relative-residual stopping tolerances. A number of corollaries and related results give new insight into block preconditioning, such as the fact that approximate block-LDU or symmetric block-triangular preconditioners offer minimal reduction in iteration over block-triangular preconditioners, despite the additional computational cost. Theoretical results are verified numerically on a nonsymmetric steady linearized Navier-Stokes discretization, which also demonstrate that theory based on the assumption of an exact inverse of one diagonal block extends well to the more practical setting of inexact inverses.
description: Accepted to SIMAX
Ethnonationale Homogenisierungspolitik zwischen Vertreibung und Zwangsassimilierung.
Creators: name: Troebst, Stefan
Publisher: name: Leipziger Universitätsverlag
Year: 2016

description: In their inherent strive for ethnic purification, nation-state actors have two means at their disposal: On the one hand the expulsion of citizens not belonging to the titular nation and on the other assimilation either by incentive or, more frequently, by force. Also territorial losses can contribute to ethnic homogenization—a side effect not intended, of course, by nation-state actors. The modern history of the Principality (later Kingdom, People’s Republic and Republic) of Bulgaria, founded in 1878 is shaped by all three phenomena: expulsion, forced assimilation of non-Bulgarian(speaker)s and territorial changes. 19th and 20th century Sweden on the other hand did not turn to expulsions, since the losses of Finland and Norway homogenized the population considerably. Still, until the 1970s the Swedish state pursued a policy to assimilate minor ethnic and social groups applying even forced sterilization.
description: Comparativ, Vol 26 No 1 (2016): Zwangsmigration im Europa der Moderne. Nationale Ursachen und transnationale Wirkungen
Supplementary materials for Journal of Insects as Food and feed JIFF-20220134: Drying treatment impact on oil yield extracted from black soldier fly larvae using supercritical carbon dioxide and its biological activities
Creators: name: Rattana, M.
name: Yongyut, C.
name: Supachet, P.
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 300602
subject: Food chemistry and food sensory science

description: Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae are considered economically viable as an alternative source of oil and bioactive compounds. The drying and extraction methods are critical steps in the extraction of oil and have an impact on the characteristics and composition of the extracted oil. Supercritical CO2 extraction of oil from black soldier fly larvae allows for the extraction of important bioactive compounds and oils while causing the least amount of change. The effect of different pre-treatment tray-drying and freeze-drying methods on the quantity and biological activities of oil extracted from black soldier fly larvae using supercritical CO2 was investigated in this study. Oil extraction from tray-dried and freeze-dried black soldier fly larvae samples could be done at low temperatures for a shorter extraction time, resulting in higher yields while avoiding the negative effects of high temperatures on lipids and other valuable components. The oil extracted from tray-dried and freeze-dried black soldier fly larvae contained major fatty acid compositions such as lauric acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and palmitic acid, as well as total phenolic compounds (0.067-0.113 mg gallic acid/g oil), antioxidant capacity 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhdrazyl (DPPH) (0.36-0.56 mmol Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC)/10 g oil), and antioxidant capacity 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) (0.23-0.55 mmol TEAC/10 g oil, and ferric reducing antioxidant power antioxidant capacity (0.33-0.64 mmol TEAC/10 g oil). The oil extracted from tray-dried and freeze-dried larvae samples had a shelf life of approximately 2.42-3.63 months and 2.51-3.40 months, respectively, at storage temperatures ranging from 25 to 55 °C. The oil extracted from tray-dried and freeze-dried larvae samples extracted using supercritical CO2 had high acid values which could inhibit keratinocyte growth by 76.70 and 75.04%, respectively, at 100 mg/ml concentrations. Furthermore, the tray-drying and freeze-drying methods had no effect on the physicochemical properties of the supercritical CO2-extracted oil from dried black soldier fly larvae samples.
Direct detection of scattered light gaps in the transitional disk around HD 97048 with VLT/SPHERE
Creators: name: Ginski, C.
name: Stolker, T.
name: Pinilla, P.
name: Dominik, C.
name: Boccaletti, A.
name: de Boer, J.
name: Benisty, M.
name: Biller, B.
name: Feldt, M.
name: Garufi, A.
name: Keller, C. U.
name: Kenworthy, M.
name: Maire, A. L.
name: Ménard, F.
name: Mesa, D.
name: Milli, J.
name: Min, M.
name: Pinte, C.
name: Quanz, S. P.
name: van Boekel, R.
name: Bonnefoy, M.
name: Chauvin, G.
name: Desidera, S.
name: Gratton, R.
name: Girard, J. H. V.
name: Keppler, M.
name: Kopytova, T.
name: Lagrange, A. -M.
name: Langlois, M.
name: Rouan, D.
name: Vigan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the well known circumstellar disk around the Herbig Ae/Be star HD 97048 with high angular resolution to reveal undetected structures in the disk, which may be indicative of disk evolutionary processes such as planet formation. We used the IRDIS near-IR subsystem of the extreme adaptive optics imager SPHERE at the ESO/VLT to study the scattered light from the circumstellar disk via high resolution polarimetry and angular differential imaging. We imaged the disk in unprecedented detail and revealed four ring-like brightness enhancements and corresponding gaps in the scattered light from the disk surface with radii between 39 au and 341 au. We derived the inclination and position angle as well as the height of the scattering surface of the disk from our observational data. We found that the surface height profile can be described by a single power law up to a separation ~270 au. Using the surface height profile we measured the scattering phase function of the disk and found that it is well consistent with theoretical models of compact dust aggregates. We discuss the origin of the detected features and find that low mass (< 1 M_Jup) nascent planets are a possible explanation.
description: 11 pages, 8 Figures, accepted for publication in A&A as of September 13th 2016 (submitted July 7th)
Masur-Veech volumes and intersection theory: the principal strata of quadratic differentials
Creators: name: Chen, D.
name: Möller, M.
name: Sauvaget, A.
name: Borot, with an appendix by G.
name: Giacchetto, A.
name: Lewanski, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe a conjectural formula via intersection numbers for the Masur-Veech volumes of strata of quadratic differentials with prescribed zero orders, and we prove the formula for the case when the zero orders are odd. For the principal strata of quadratic differentials with simple zeros, the formula reduces to compute the top Segre class of the quadratic Hodge bundle, which can be further simplified to certain linear Hodge integrals. An appendix proves that the intersection of this class with $ψ$-classes can be computed by Eynard-Orantin topological recursion. As applications, we analyze numerical properties of Masur-Veech volumes, area Siegel-Veech constants and sums of Lyapunov exponents of the principal strata for fixed genus and varying number of zeros, which settles the corresponding conjectures due to Grivaux-Hubert, Fougeron, and elaborated in [the7]. We also describe conjectural formulas for area Siegel-Veech constants and sums of Lyapunov exponents for arbitrary affine invariant submanifolds, and verify them for the principal strata.
Ethnische „Säuberungen“ in der Moderne:
Creators: name: Schwartz, Michael
Publisher: name: Leipziger Universitätsverlag
Year: 2016

description: Ethnic ‘Cleansing’ is a significant element of European and Global History. This contribution at first discusses problems of terminology and proceeds with integrating the phenomenon in contexts of ideological and structural patterns of Modernity. Central is the discussion of different models to define and explain modern Ethnic ‘Cleansings’, implying temporal or geographical limitations or emphases. Finally the question is focused if there are ‘rational’ goals and purposes of Ethnic ‘Cleansings’, and if permanent effects and intended “successes” could be assessed. The entanglement of ethnic and social conflicts in many examples of Ethnic “Cleansing” seems to contribute to possible answers, and also offers a key to explain some origins of implementing such violent policies.
description: Comparativ, Vol 26 No 1 (2016): Zwangsmigration im Europa der Moderne. Nationale Ursachen und transnationale Wirkungen
Vorwort
Creators: name: Troebst, Stefan
name: Wildt, Michael
Publisher: name: Leipziger Universitätsverlag
Year: 2016

description: Since the so-called “spatial turn”, historians have been intensively dealing with concepts of space and macro-regions. While Eastern Europe has received considerable attention, fewer studies have examined Western Europe and its heterogeneities during the Cold War era, especially beyond the examples of Great Britain, France, or Germany. The current issue analyses the internal differences in Western Europe from the 1940s until the end of the 1970s. It explores in particular the contrast between the geopolitical discourse of a homogeneous “Western bloc” and competing concepts that stressed the internal differences between the countries and regions considered to belong to the geopolitical “West”, such as the idea of industrialized “Northern” and agrarian “Southern” countries and regions. By focusing on the role of experts in national and transnational spheres, their discourses, as well as approaches to economic, political, and cultural differences, it demonstrates, via implicit and explicit concepts of a “North” and a “South”, how the idea of the “West” was negotiated and discussed.
description: Comparativ, Vol 26 No 1 (2016): Zwangsmigration im Europa der Moderne. Nationale Ursachen und transnationale Wirkungen
Thermal Leptogenesis in the Minimal Gauged $U(1)_{L_μ-L_τ}$ Model
Creators: name: Granelli, Alessandro
name: Hamaguchi, Koichi
name: Nagata, Natsumi
name: Ramirez-Quezada, Maura E.
name: Wada, Juntaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the thermal leptogenesis mechanism within the minimal gauged U(1)$_{L_μ-L_τ}$ model to explain the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU). In such framework, the phases of the Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata neutrino mixing matrix and the sum of the Standard Model neutrino masses are predictable because of a restricted neutrino mass matrix structure. Additionally, in the context of thermal leptogenesis, the BAU can be computed in terms of the three remaining free variables that parameterise the right-handed neutrino masses and their Yukawa couplings to the Higgs and lepton doublets. We identify the ranges of such parameters for which the correct BAU can be reproduced. We adopt the formalism of the density matrix equations to fully account for flavour effects and consider the decays of all the three right-handed neutrinos. Our analysis reveals that thermal leptogenesis is feasible within a wide parameter space, specifically for Yukawa couplings ranging from approximate unity to $\mathcal{O}(0.03-0.05)$ and mass of the lightest right-handed neutrino $M_1\gtrsim 10^{11-12}\,\text{GeV}$, setting a leptogenesis scale in the considered model which is higher than that of the non-thermal scenario.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
An examination of factors affecting the employment of the mentally retarded
Creators: name: Mahoney, Darrell John.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
The Distance to M51
Creators: name: McQuinn, Kristen. B. W.
name: Skillman, Evan D.
name: Dolphin, Andrew E.
name: Berg, Danielle
name: Kennicutt, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Great investments of observing time have been dedicated to the study of nearby spiral galaxies with diverse goals ranging from understanding the star formation process to characterizing their dark matter distributions. Accurate distances are fundamental to interpreting observations of these galaxies, yet many of the best studied nearby galaxies have distances based on methods with relatively large uncertainties. We have started a program to derive accurate distances to these galaxies. Here we measure the distance to M51 - the Whirlpool galaxy - from newly obtained Hubble Space Telescope optical imaging using the tip of the red giant branch method. We measure the distance modulus to be 8.58+/-0.10 Mpc (statistical), corresponding to a distance modulus of 29.67+/-0.02 mag. Our distance is an improvement over previous results as we use a well-calibrated, stable distance indicator, precision photometry in a optimally selected field of view, and a Bayesian Maximum Likelihood technique that reduces measurement uncertainties.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Path-Specific Counterfactual Fairness for Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Zhu, Yaochen
name: Ma, Jing
name: Wu, Liang
name: Guo, Qi
name: Hong, Liangjie
name: Li, Jundong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recommender systems (RSs) have become an indispensable part of online platforms. With the growing concerns of algorithmic fairness, RSs are not only expected to deliver high-quality personalized content, but are also demanded not to discriminate against users based on their demographic information. However, existing RSs could capture undesirable correlations between sensitive features and observed user behaviors, leading to biased recommendations. Most fair RSs tackle this problem by completely blocking the influences of sensitive features on recommendations. But since sensitive features may also affect user interests in a fair manner (e.g., race on culture-based preferences), indiscriminately eliminating all the influences of sensitive features inevitably degenerate the recommendations quality and necessary diversities. To address this challenge, we propose a path-specific fair RS (PSF-RS) for recommendations. Specifically, we summarize all fair and unfair correlations between sensitive features and observed ratings into two latent proxy mediators, where the concept of path-specific bias (PS-Bias) is defined based on path-specific counterfactual inference. Inspired by Pearl's minimal change principle, we address the PS-Bias by minimally transforming the biased factual world into a hypothetically fair world, where a fair RS model can be learned accordingly by solving a constrained optimization problem. For the technical part, we propose a feasible implementation of PSF-RS, i.e., PSF-VAE, with weakly-supervised variational inference, which robustly infers the latent mediators such that unfairness can be mitigated while necessary recommendation diversities can be maximally preserved simultaneously. Experiments conducted on semi-simulated and real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of PSF-RS.
description: Accepted by KDD 2023 research track
Coulomb Engineering of two-dimensional Mott materials
Creators: name: van Loon, Erik G. C. P.
name: Schüler, Malte
name: Springer, Daniel
name: Sangiovanni, Giorgio
name: Tomczak, Jan M.
name: Wehling, Tim O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional materials can be strongly influenced by their surroundings. A dielectric environment screens and reduces the Coulomb interaction between electrons in the two-dimensional material. Since in Mott materials the Coulomb interaction is responsible for the insulating state, manipulating the dielectric screening provides direct control over Mottness. Our many-body calculations reveal the spectroscopic fingerprints of such Coulomb engineering: we demonstrate eV-scale changes to the position of the Hubbard bands and show a Coulomb engineered insulator-to-metal transition. Based on our proof-of-principle calculations, we discuss the (feasible) conditions under which our scenario of Coulomb engineering of Mott materials can be realized experimentally.
Multi-frequency VLBI observations of maser lines during the 6.7~GHz maser flare in the high-mass young stellar object G24.33$+$0.14}
Creators: name: Kobak, A.
name: Bartkiewicz, A.
name: Szymczak, M.
name: Olech, M.
name: Durjasz, M.
name: Wolak, P.
name: Chibueze, J. O.
name: Hirota, T.
name: Eislöffel, J.
name: Stecklum, B.
name: Sobolev, A.
name: Bayandina, O.
name: Orosz, G.
name: Burns, R. A.
name: Kim, Kee-Tae
name: Heever, S. P. van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies have shown that 6.7 GHz methanol maser flares can be a powerful tool for verifying the mechanisms of maser production and even the specific signatures of accretion rate changes in the early stages of high-mass star formation. We characterize the spatial structure and evolution of methanol and water masers during a flare of methanol maser emission at 6.7 GHz in the HMYSO G24.33$+$0.14. VLBA was used to image the 6.7 and 12.2 GHz methanol and 22.2 GHz water vapor masers at three epochs guided by monitoring the methanol line with the Torun 32m telescope. The 6.7 GHz maser maps were also obtained with the EVN and LBA during the flare. WISE data were used to find correlations between the 6.7 GHz maser and IR fluxes. The 6.7 GHz methanol maser cloudlets are distributed over $\sim$3500 au, and the morphology of most of them is stable although their brightness varies following the course of the total flux density on a timescale of two months. The 12.2 GHz methanol maser cloudlets cover an area an order of magnitude smaller than that of 6.7 GHz emission, and both transitions emerge from the same masing gas. The 22.2 GHz maser cloudlets lie in the central region and show a systematic increase in brightness and moderate changes in size and orientation, together with the velocity drift of the strongest cloudlet during two months of the VLBI observing period. Time lag estimates imply the propagation of changes in the physical conditions of the masing region with a subluminal speed ($\sim$0.3c). A tight correlation of IR (4.6$μ$m) and 6.7 GHz flux densities is found, supporting the radiative pumping model. Comparison with the 230 GHz ALMA data indicates that the methanol masers are distributed in the inner part of the rotating disk, whereas the 22.2 GHz emission traces the compact inner component of the bipolar outflow or a jet structure.
description: Accepted by A\&A
Combining symmetry breaking and restoration with configuration interaction: a highly accurate many-body scheme applied to the pairing Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Ripoche, J.
name: Lacroix, D.
name: Gambacurta, D.
name: Ebran, J. -P.
name: Duguet, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: Ab initio many-body methods have been developed over the past ten years to address mid-mass nuclei... As progress in the design of inter-nucleon interactions is made, further efforts must be made to tailor many-body methods. Methods: We formulate a truncated configuration interaction method that consists of diagonalizing the Hamiltonian in a highly truncated subspace of the total N-body Hilbert space. The reduced Hilbert space is generated via the particle-number projected BCS state along with projected seniority-zero two and four quasi-particle excitations. Furthermore, the extent by which the underlying BCS state breaks U(1) symmetry is optimized in presence of the projected two and four quasi-particle excitations... The quality of the newly designed method is tested against exact solutions of the so-called attractive pairing Hamiltonian problem. Results: By construction, the method reproduce exact results for N=2 and N=4. For N=(8,16,20) the error on the ground-state correlation energy is less than (0.006, 0.1, 0.15) % across the entire range of inter-nucleon coupling defining the pairing Hamiltonian and driving the normal-to-superfluid quantum phase transition. The presently proposed method offers the advantage to automatically access the low-lying spectroscopy, which it does with high accuracy. Conclusions: The numerical cost of the newly designed variational method is polynomial (N$^6$) in system size. It achieves an unprecedented accuracy on the ground-state correlation energy, effective pairing gap and one-body entropy as well as on the excitation energy of low-lying states of the attractive pairing Hamiltonian. This constitutes a strong enough motivation to envision its application to realistic nuclear Hamiltonians in view of providing a complementary, accurate and versatile ab initio description of mid-mass open-shell nuclei in the future.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, full abstract available in text
Simulation and Prediction of Countercurrent Spontaneous Imbibition at Early and Late Times Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks
Creators: name: Abbasi, Jassem
name: Andersen, Pål Østebø
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The application of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) is investigated for the first time in solving the one-dimensional Countercurrent spontaneous imbibition (COUCSI) problem at both early and late time (i.e., before and after the imbibition front meets the no-flow boundary). We introduce utilization of Change-of-Variables as a technique for improving performance of PINNs. We formulated the COUCSI problem in three equivalent forms by changing the independent variables. The first describes saturation as function of normalized position X and time T; the second as function of X and Y=T^0.5; and the third as a sole function of Z=X/T^0.5 (valid only at early time). The PINN model was generated using a feed-forward neural network and trained based on minimizing a weighted loss function, including the physics-informed loss term and terms corresponding to the initial and boundary conditions. All three formulations could closely approximate the correct solutions, with water saturation mean absolute errors around 0.019 and 0.009 for XT and XY formulations and 0.012 for the Z formulation at early time. The Z formulation perfectly captured the self-similarity of the system at early time. This was less captured by XT and XY formulations. The total variation of saturation was preserved in the Z formulation, and it was better preserved with XY- than XT formulation. Redefining the problem based on the physics-inspired variables reduced the non-linearity of the problem and allowed higher solution accuracies, a higher degree of loss-landscape convexity, a lower number of required collocation points, smaller network sizes, and more computationally efficient solutions.
Double Hurwitz numbers: polynomiality, topological recursion and intersection theory
Creators: name: Borot, Gaëtan
name: Do, Norman
name: Karev, Maksim
name: Lewański, Danilo
name: Moskovsky, Ellena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05A15, 14H30, 14N10, 51P05, 81R10

description: Double Hurwitz numbers enumerate branched covers of $\mathbb{CP}^1$ with prescribed ramification over two points and simple ramification elsewhere. In contrast to the single case, their underlying geometry is not well understood. In previous work by the second- and third-named authors, the double Hurwitz numbers were conjectured to satisfy a polynomiality structure and to be governed by the topological recursion, analogous to existing results concerning single Hurwitz numbers. In this paper, we resolve these conjectures by a careful analysis of the semi-infinite wedge representation for double Hurwitz numbers, by pushing further methods previously used for other Hurwitz problems. We deduce a preliminary version of an ELSV-like formula for double Hurwitz numbers, by deforming the Johnson-Pandharipande-Tseng formula for orbifold Hurwitz numbers and using properties of the topological recursion under variation of spectral curves. In the course of this analysis, we unveil certain vanishing properties of the Chiodo classes.
description: 44 pages; v2: This version corrects the statements of Theorem 1.5 (ELSV-like formula) and Theorem 1.6 (vanishing), as well as adding new results on intersection numbers involving Chiodo classes
Analytic description of monodromy oscillons
Creators: name: Levkov, D. G.
name: Maslov, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop precise analytic description of oscillons - long-lived quasiperiodic field lumps - in scalar field theories with nearly quadratic potentials, e.g. the monodromy potential. Such oscillons are essentially nonperturbative due to large amplitudes, and they achieve extreme longevities. Our method is based on a consistent expansion in the anharmonicity of the potential at strong fields, which is made accurate by introducing a field-dependent "running mass." At every order, we compute effective action for the oscillon profile and other parameters. Comparison with explicit numerical simulations in (3+1)-dimensional monodromy model shows that our method is significantly more precise than other analytic approaches.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures; v2: Introduction, Sec. 4 and Discussion extended; journal version
Conformal loop quantum gravity coupled to the Standard Model
Creators: name: Campiglia, Miguel
name: Gambini, Rodolfo
name: Pullin, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that a conformally invariant extension of general relativity coupled to the Standard Model is the fundamental theory that needs to be quantized. We show that it can be treated by loop quantum gravity techniques. Through a gauge fixing and a modified Higgs mechanism particles acquire mass and one recovers general relativity coupled to the Standard Model. The theory suggests new views with respect to the definition of the Hamiltonian constraint in loop quantum gravity, the semi-classical limit and the issue of finite renormalization in quantum field theory in quantum space-time. It also gives hints about the elimination of ambiguities that arise in quantum field theory in quantum space-time in the calculation of back-reaction.
description: 5 pages
Dynamic Energy Dispatch Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning in IoT-Driven Smart Isolated Microgrids
Creators: name: Lei, Lei
name: Tan, Yue
name: Dahlenburg, Glenn
name: Xiang, Wei
name: Zheng, Kan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Microgrids (MGs) are small, local power grids that can operate independently from the larger utility grid. Combined with the Internet of Things (IoT), a smart MG can leverage the sensory data and machine learning techniques for intelligent energy management. This paper focuses on deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based energy dispatch for IoT-driven smart isolated MGs with diesel generators (DGs), photovoltaic (PV) panels, and a battery. A finite-horizon Partial Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) model is formulated and solved by learning from historical data to capture the uncertainty in future electricity consumption and renewable power generation. In order to deal with the instability problem of DRL algorithms and unique characteristics of finite-horizon models, two novel DRL algorithms, namely, finite-horizon deep deterministic policy gradient (FH-DDPG) and finite-horizon recurrent deterministic policy gradient (FH-RDPG), are proposed to derive energy dispatch policies with and without fully observable state information. A case study using real isolated MG data is performed, where the performance of the proposed algorithms are compared with the other baseline DRL and non-DRL algorithms. Moreover, the impact of uncertainties on MG performance is decoupled into two levels and evaluated respectively.
Membership Inference Attacks against Diffusion Models
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Tomoya
name: Miura, Takayuki
name: Yanai, Naoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Diffusion models have attracted attention in recent years as innovative generative models. In this paper, we investigate whether a diffusion model is resistant to a membership inference attack, which evaluates the privacy leakage of a machine learning model. We primarily discuss the diffusion model from the standpoints of comparison with a generative adversarial network (GAN) as conventional models and hyperparameters unique to the diffusion model, i.e., time steps, sampling steps, and sampling variances. We conduct extensive experiments with DDIM as a diffusion model and DCGAN as a GAN on the CelebA and CIFAR-10 datasets in both white-box and black-box settings and then confirm if the diffusion model is comparably resistant to a membership inference attack as GAN. Next, we demonstrate that the impact of time steps is significant and intermediate steps in a noise schedule are the most vulnerable to the attack. We also found two key insights through further analysis. First, we identify that DDIM is vulnerable to the attack for small sample sizes instead of achieving a lower FID. Second, sampling steps in hyperparameters are important for resistance to the attack, whereas the impact of sampling variances is quite limited.
Verification of Logical Consistency in Robotic Reasoning
Creators: name: Qu, Hongyang
name: Veres, Sandor M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most autonomous robotic agents use logic inference to keep themselves to safe and permitted behaviour. Given a set of rules, it is important that the robot is able to establish the consistency between its rules, its perception-based beliefs, its planned actions and their consequences. This paper investigates how a robotic agent can use model checking to examine the consistency of its rules, beliefs and actions. A rule set is modelled by a Boolean evolution system with synchronous semantics, which can be translated into a labelled transition system (LTS). It is proven that stability and consistency can be formulated as computation tree logic (CTL) and linear temporal logic (LTL) properties. Two new algorithms are presented to perform realtime consistency and stability checks respectively. Their implementation provides us a computational tool, which can form the basis of efficient consistency checks on-board robots.
A pressure-robust embedded discontinuous Galerkin method for the Stokes problem by reconstruction operators
Creators: name: Lederer, Philip L.
name: Rhebergen, Sander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N12, 65N15, 65N30, 76D07, 76M10

description: The embedded discontinuous Galerkin (EDG) finite element method for the Stokes problem results in a point-wise divergence-free approximate velocity on cells. However, the approximate velocity is not H(div)-conforming and it can be shown that this is the reason that the EDG method is not pressure-robust, i.e., the error in the velocity depends on the continuous pressure. In this paper we present a local reconstruction operator that maps discretely divergence-free test functions to exactly divergence-free test functions. This local reconstruction operator restores pressure-robustness by only changing the right hand side of the discretization, similar to the reconstruction operator recently introduced for the Taylor--Hood and mini elements by Lederer et al. (SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 55 (2017), pp. 1291--1314). We present an a priori error analysis of the discretization showing optimal convergence rates and pressure-robustness of the velocity error. These results are verified by numerical examples. The motivation for this research is that the resulting EDG method combines the versatility of discontinuous Galerkin methods with the computational efficiency of continuous Galerkin methods and accuracy of pressure-robust finite element methods.
The Effects of Consistent Chemical Kinetics Calculations on the Pressure-Temperature Profiles and Emission Spectra of Hot Jupiters
Creators: name: Drummond, Benjamin
name: Tremblin, Pascal
name: Baraffe, Isabelle
name: Amundsen, David S.
name: Mayne, Nathan J.
name: Venot, Olivia
name: Goyal, Jayesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we investigate the impact of calculating non-equilibrium chemical abundances consistently with the temperature structure for the atmospheres of highly-irradiated, close-in gas giant exoplanets. Chemical kinetics models have been widely used in the literature to investigate the chemical compositions of hot Jupiter atmospheres which are expected to be driven away from chemical equilibrium via processes such as vertical mixing and photochemistry. All of these models have so far used pressure--temperature (P-T) profiles as fixed model input. This results in a decoupling of the chemistry from the radiative and thermal properties of the atmosphere, despite the fact that in nature they are intricately linked. We use a one-dimensional radiative-convective equilibrium model, ATMO, which includes a sophisticated chemistry scheme to calculate P-T profiles which are fully consistent with non-equilibrium chemical abundances, including vertical mixing and photochemistry. Our primary conclusion is that, in cases of strong chemical disequilibrium, consistent calculations can lead to differences in the P-T profile of up to 100 K compared to the P-T profile derived assuming chemical equilibrium. This temperature change can, in turn, have important consequences for the chemical abundances themselves as well as for the simulated emission spectra. In particular, we find that performing the chemical kinetics calculation consistently can reduce the overall impact of non-equilibrium chemistry on the observable emission spectrum of hot Jupiters. Simulated observations derived from non-consistent models could thus yield the wrong interpretation. We show that this behaviour is due to the non-consistent models violating the energy budget balance of the atmosphere.
description: 16 pages, 26 figures, accepted in A&A