cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Zero Age Planetary Orbit of Gas Giant Planets Revisited: Reinforcement of the Link with Stellar Metallicity
Creators: name: Pinotti, Rafael
name: Boechat-Roberty, Heloisa Maria
name: de Mello, Gustavo Frederico Porto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2005 we suggested a relation between the optimal locus of gas giant planet formation, prior to migration, and the metallicity of the host star, based on the core accretion model and radial profiles of dust surface density and gas temperature. At that time, less than two hundred extrasolar planets were known, limiting the scope of our analysis. Here we take into account the expanded statistics allowed by new discoveries, in order to check the validity of some premises. We compare predictions with the present available data and results for different stellar mass ranges. We find that the Zero Age Planetary Orbit (ZAPO) hypothesis continues to hold after a one order of magnitude increase in discovered planets. In particular, the prediction that metal poor stars harbor planets with an average radius distinctively lower than metal rich ones is still evident in the statistics, and cannot be explained away by chaotic planetary formation mechanisms involving migration and gravitational interaction between planets. The ZAPO hypothesis predicts that in metal poor stars the planets are formed nearer their host stars; as a consequence, they are more frequently engulfed by the stars during the migration process or stripped of their gaseous envelops. The depleted number of gas giant planets around metal poor stars would then be the result of the synergy between low formation probability, as predicted by the core accretion model, and high destruction probability, for the ones that are formed.
description: MNRAS, accepted; 7 pages, 5 figures
The bizarre anti-de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Sokolowski, Leszek M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anti--de Sitter spacetime is important in general relativity and modern field theory. We review its geometrical features and properties of light signals and free particles moving in it. Applying only elementary tools of tensor calculus we derive \textit{ab initio\/} all these properties and show that they are really weird. One finds superluminal velocities of light and particles, infinite particle energy necessary to escape at infinite distance and spacetime regions inaccessible by a free fall, though reachable by an accelerated spaceship. Radial timelike geodesics are identical to the circular ones and actually all timelike geodesics are identical to one circle in a fictitious five--dimensional space. Employing the latter space one is able to explain these bizarre features of anti--de Sitter spacetime; in this sense the spacetime is not self--contained. This is not a physical world.
description: 31 pages, 3 figures
A search for AGN in Green Peas in the local universe
Creators: name: Singha, Mainak
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Surveys of Nearby Galaxies

description: The contribution of active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the reionization of the universe is highly debated. Whereas many studies suggest that AGN contribute minimally to the ionizing budget, others have shown a significant AGN contribution. An unambiguous study of nearby galaxies is hence needed to place observational constraints on theoretical predictions. Green Pea (GP) galaxies provide an invaluable opportunity to study the energetics of reionization in unprecedented detail. These compact starbursts with large Lyman continuum leakage are the best local analogs of high-z galaxies responsible for reionization. Not only GPs have been found in the early universe (z~8) through the advent of NIRSpec, but recent MIRI/MRS observations have also detected AGN in GP analogues. An archival search for X- rays from GP galaxies shows only 4 detections, with 6 times more X-ray luminosity than expected from stellar contributions. Combining our results with 3D hydrodynamical simulations, we find that the mechanical power output from AGN describes >50% of the observed X-ray emission. If so, then AGN feedback could be a key mechanism behind reionization. While JWST links NIR properties to MIR AGN diagnostics in GPs, Roman will find millions of them with the NIR properties, which will advance our understanding of reionization.
RealityTalk: Real-Time Speech-Driven Augmented Presentation for AR Live Storytelling
Creators: name: Liao, Jian
name: Karim, Adnan
name: Jadon, Shivesh
name: Kazi, Rubaiat Habib
name: Suzuki, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present RealityTalk, a system that augments real-time live presentations with speech-driven interactive virtual elements. Augmented presentations leverage embedded visuals and animation for engaging and expressive storytelling. However, existing tools for live presentations often lack interactivity and improvisation, while creating such effects in video editing tools require significant time and expertise. RealityTalk enables users to create live augmented presentations with real-time speech-driven interactions. The user can interactively prompt, move, and manipulate graphical elements through real-time speech and supporting modalities. Based on our analysis of 177 existing video-edited augmented presentations, we propose a novel set of interaction techniques and then incorporated them into RealityTalk. We evaluate our tool from a presenter's perspective to demonstrate the effectiveness of our system.
description: UIST 2022; For the interactive gallery, see https://ilab.ucalgary.ca/realitytalk/
Ab initio self-consistent many-body theory of polarons at all couplings
Creators: name: Lafuente-Bartolome, Jon
name: Lian, Chao
name: Sio, Weng Hong
name: Gurtubay, Idoia G.
name: Eiguren, Asier
name: Giustino, Feliciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical framework to describe polarons from first principles within a many-body Green's function formalism. Starting from a general electron-phonon Hamiltonian, we derive a self-consistent Dyson equation in which the phonon-mediated self-energy is composed by two distinct terms. One term is the Fan-Migdal self-energy and describes dynamic electron-phonon processes, the other term is a new contribution to the self-energy originating from the static displacements of the atomic nuclei in the polaronic ground state. The lowest-order approximation to the present theory yields the standard many-body perturbation theory approach to electron-phonon interactions in the limit of large polarons, and the ab initio polaron equations introduced in [Sio et al., Phys. Rev. B 99, 235139 (2019); Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 246403 (2019)] in the limit of small polarons. A practical recipe to implement the present unifying formalism in first-principles calculations is outlined. We apply our method to the Fröhlich model, and obtain remarkably accurate polaron energies at all couplings, in line with Feynman's polaron theory and diagrammatic Monte Carlo calculations. We also recover the well-known results of Fröhlich and Pekar at weak and strong coupling, respectively. The present approach enables predictive many-body calculations of polarons in real materials at all couplings.
Deep Learning Neural Network for Lung Cancer Classification: Enhanced Optimization Function
Creators: name: Pandit, Bhoj Raj
name: Alsadoon, Abeer
name: Prasad, P. W. C.
name: Aloussi, Sarmad Al
name: Rashid, Tarik A.
name: Alsadoon, Omar Hisham
name: Jerew, Oday D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background and Purpose: Convolutional neural network is widely used for image recognition in the medical area at nowadays. However, overall accuracy in predicting lung tumor is low and the processing time is high as the error occurred while reconstructing the CT image. The aim of this work is to increase the overall prediction accuracy along with reducing processing time by using multispace image in pooling layer of convolution neural network. Methodology: The proposed method has the autoencoder system to improve the overall accuracy, and to predict lung cancer by using multispace image in pooling layer of convolution neural network and Adam Algorithm for optimization. First, the CT images were pre-processed by feeding image to the convolution filter and down sampled by using max pooling. Then, features are extracted using the autoencoder model based on convolutional neural network and multispace image reconstruction technique is used to reduce error while reconstructing the image which then results improved accuracy to predict lung nodule. Finally, the reconstructed images are taken as input for SoftMax classifier to classify the CT images. Results: The state-of-art and proposed solutions were processed in Python Tensor Flow and It provides significant increase in accuracy in classification of lung cancer to 99.5 from 98.9 and decrease in processing time from 10 frames/second to 12 seconds/second. Conclusion: The proposed solution provides high classification accuracy along with less processing time compared to the state of art. For future research, large dataset can be implemented, and low pixel image can be processed to evaluate the classification
description: 22pages
A study of the needs of ninth grade students in John T. Allan Junior High School and the University Junior High School, Austin, Texas
Creators: name: Strickland, Virgil Earl, 1912-
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1948
Subjects: subject: Junior high school students
subject: Texas
subject: Junior high school student attitudes
subject: Junior high school student opinions
subject: Junior high school student needs
subject: Junior high school student surveys
subject: Junior high school student questionnaires
subject: Junior high school curricula
subject: Junior high school curriculum planning
subject: Junior high school students--Texas
subject: Junior high school students--Texas--Attitudes
subject: Educational surveys--Texas
subject: Junior high schools--Curricula--Texas
subject: Curriculum planning

description: The purposes of this study were first, to determine the needs that were felt by ninth grade boys and girls in the John T. Allan Junior High School and the University Junior High School relative to: (1) health and physical development, (2) social development, (3) mental or intellectual development, (4) emotional development, (5) home and financial problems, and (6) vocational problems; second, to determine how well these needs were being met; and third, to determine what implications for the curriculum were inherent in the needs expressed by the boys and girls
Spatially Offset Active Galactic Nuclei I: Selection and Spectroscopic Properties
Creators: name: Barrows, R. Scott
name: Comerford, Julia M.
name: Greene, Jenny E.
name: Pooley, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a sample of 18 optically-selected and X-ray detected spatially offset active galactic nuclei (AGN) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). In 9 systems, the X-ray AGN is spatially offset from the galactic stellar core that is located within the 3'' diameter SDSS spectroscopic fiber. In 11 systems, the X-ray AGN is spatially offset from a stellar core that is located outside the fiber, with an overlap of 2. To build the sample, we cross-matched Type II AGN selected from the SDSS galaxy catalogue with archival Chandra imaging and employed our custom astrometric and registration procedure. The projected angular (physical) offsets span a range of 0."6 (0.8 kpc) to 17."4 (19.4 kpc), with a median value of 2."7 (4.6 kpc). The offset nature of an AGN is an unambiguous signature of a galaxy merger, and these systems can be used to study the properties of AGN in galaxy mergers without the biases introduced by morphological merger selection techniques. In this paper (Paper I), we use our sample to assess the kinematics of AGN photoionized gas in galaxy mergers. We find that spectroscopic offset AGN selection may be up to 89% incomplete due to small projected velocity offsets. We also find that the magnitude of the velocity offsets are generally larger than expected if our spatial selection introduces a bias toward face-on orbits, suggesting the presence of complex kinematics in the emission line gas of AGN in galaxy mergers.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal, 24 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables
Study Of Si-Ge Interdiffusion With a High Phosphorus Doping Concentration
Creators: name: Cai, Feiyang
name: Anjum, Dalaver H.
name: Zhang, Xixiang
name: Guangrui
name: Xia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Si-Ge interdiffusion with a high phosphorus doping level was investigated by both experiments and modeling. Ge/Si1-xGex/Ge multi-layer structures with 0.75
A novel solution of deep learning for enhanced support vector machine for predicting the onset of type 2 diabetes
Creators: name: Shrestha, Marmik
name: Alsadoon, Omar Hisham
name: Alsadoon, Abeer
name: Al-Dala'in, Thair
name: Rashid, Tarik A.
name: Prasad, P. W. C.
name: Alrubaie, Ahmad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Type 2 Diabetes is one of the most major and fatal diseases known to human beings, where thousands of people are subjected to the onset of Type 2 Diabetes every year. However, the diagnosis and prevention of Type 2 Diabetes are relatively costly in today's scenario; hence, the use of machine learning and deep learning techniques is gaining momentum for predicting the onset of Type 2 Diabetes. This research aims to increase the accuracy and Area Under the Curve (AUC) metric while improving the processing time for predicting the onset of Type 2 Diabetes. The proposed system consists of a deep learning technique that uses the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm along with the Radial Base Function (RBF) along with the Long Short-term Memory Layer (LSTM) for prediction of onset of Type 2 Diabetes. The proposed solution provides an average accuracy of 86.31 % and an average AUC value of 0.8270 or 82.70 %, with an improvement of 3.8 milliseconds in the processing. Radial Base Function (RBF) kernel and the LSTM layer enhance the prediction accuracy and AUC metric from the current industry standard, making it more feasible for practical use without compromising the processing time.
description: 18 pages
Effect of disorder on superconductivity and Rashba spin-orbit coupling in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces
Creators: name: Singh, G.
name: Jouan, A.
name: Hurand, S.
name: Palma, C.
name: Kumar, P.
name: Dogra, A.
name: Budhani, R.
name: Lesueur, J.
name: Bergeal, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A rather unique feature of the two-dimensional electron gas (2-DEG) formed at the interface between the two insulators LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 is to host both gate-tunable superconductivity and strong spin-orbit coupling. In the present work, we use the disorder generated by Cr substitution of Al atoms in LaAlO3 as a tool to explore the nature of superconductivity and spin-orbit coupling in these interfaces. A reduction of the superconducting Tc is observed with Cr doping consistent with an increase of electron-electron interaction in presence of disorder. In addition, the evolution of spin-orbit coupling with gate voltage and Cr doping suggests a D'Yakonov-Perel mechanism of spin relaxation in the presence of a Rashba-type spin-orbit interaction.
Observation of spontaneous spin-splitting in the band structure of an n-type zinc-blende ferromagnetic semiconductor
Creators: name: Anh, Le Duc
name: Hai, Pham Nam
name: Tanaka, Masaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large spin splitting in the conduction band (CB) and valence band (VB) of ferromagnetic semiconductors (FMSs), predicted by the influential mean-field Zener model[1,2] and assumed in many spintronic device proposals[3-8], has never been observed in the mainstream p-type Mn-doped FMSs[9-15]. Here using tunnelling spectroscopy in Esaki-diode structures, we report the observation of such a large spontaneous spin-splitting energy (ΔE = 31.7 - 50 meV) in the CB bottom of n-type FMS (In,Fe)As, which is surprising considering the very weak s-d exchange interaction reported in several zinc-blende (ZB) type semiconductors[16,17]. The mean-field Zener model also fails to explain consistently the ferromagnetism and the spin splitting energy ΔE of (In,Fe)As, because we found that the Curie temperature (TC) values calculated using the observed ΔE are much lower than the experimental TC by a factor of 400. These results urge the need for a more sophisticated theory of FMSs. Furthermore, bias-dependent tunnelling anisotropic magnetoresistance (TAMR) reveals the magnetic anisotropy of each component of the (In,Fe)As band structure [CB, VB, and impurity band (IB)]. The results suggest that the energy range of IB overlaps with the CB bottom or VB top, which may be important to understand the strong s-d exchange interaction in (In,Fe)As[18,19].
description: main manuscript: page 1-22, supplementary materials: page 23-36
Sharing Responsibility for Reproducibility in Team Science: The Turing Way
Creators: name: Sharan, Malvika
name: Garside, Danny
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: As researchers, we make complex choices and decisions within our research teams throughout the lifecycle of our projects. We are expected to ensure that each individual in the context of team science shares responsibility for making our research objects are easily accessed, openly examined and built upon by others in future work. Although open research and transparent reporting help make sure that scientific work can be trusted, we should also establish ways to integrate considerations of the societal and ethical implications of our work – especially when these considerations impact people's lives. Furthermore, reproducibility alongside open research practices is important for enabling independent verification of research methods, underlying data, analysis code and workflows. All these require that everyone in the research team understands what their responsibilities are, where they can learn about research best practices and acquire skills that are often not widely taught or explored among academic researchers. In this talk, we introduce The Turing Way - an open source, open collaboration and community-driven guide to reproducible, ethical and inclusive data science and research. Drawing insights from ~250 chapters across 5 guides of this handbook, we highlight best practices that researchers should integrate to advance the ethos of team science while ensuring the highest reproducible and ethical standards in their work. Finally, we demonstrate the guides to help researchers, PhD students, postdocs, people in research infrastructure roles and other stakeholders in research identify what responsibility for reproducibility they can take at different stages of development in team science. We will understand the many dimensions of openness and how they can participate in an inclusive, kind and inspiring open source ecosystem as they collaboratively seek to improve research culture. All questions and contributions are welcome at the GitHub repository: https://github.com/alan-turing-institute/the-turing-way.
Applications for edge detection techniques using Chandra and XMM-Newton data: galaxy clusters and beyond
Creators: name: Walker, S. A.
name: Sanders, J. S.
name: Fabian, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unrivalled spatial resolution of the Chandra X-ray observatory has allowed many breakthroughs to be made in high energy astrophysics. Here we explore applications of Gaussian Gradient Magnitude (GGM) filtering to X-ray data, which dramatically improves the clarity of surface brightness edges in X-ray observations, and maps gradients in X-ray surface brightness over a range of spatial scales. In galaxy clusters, we find that this method is able to reveal remarkable substructure behind the cold fronts in Abell 2142 and Abell 496, possibly the result of Kelvin Helmholtz instabilities. In Abell 2319 and Abell 3667, we demonstrate that the GGM filter can provide a straightforward way of mapping variations in the widths and jump ratios along the lengths of cold fronts. We present results from our ongoing programme of analysing the Chandra and XMM-Newton archives with the GGM filter. In the Perseus cluster we identify a previously unseen edge around 850 kpc from the core to the east, lying outside a known large scale cold front, which is possibly a bow shock. In MKW 3s we find an unusual 'V' shape surface brightness enhancement starting at the cluster core, which may be linked to the AGN jet. In the Crab nebula a new, moving feature in the outer part of the torus is identified which moves across the plane of the sky at a speed of ~0.1c, and lies much further from the central pulsar than the previous motions seen by Chandra.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Results from the 2014 November 15th multi-chord stellar occultation by the TNO (229762) 2007 UK$_{126}$
Creators: name: Benedetti-Rossi, Gustavo
name: Sicardy, Bruno
name: Buie, Marc W.
name: Ortiz, Jose L.
name: Vieira-Martins, Roberto
name: Keller, John M.
name: Braga-Ribas, Felipe
name: Camargo, Julio I. B.
name: Assafin, Marcelo
name: Morales, Nicolas
name: Duffard, Rene
name: Dias-Oliveira, Alex
name: Santos-Sanz, Pablo
name: Desmars, Josselin
name: Gomes-Junior, Altair R.
name: Leiva, Rodrigo
name: Bardecker, Jerry
name: Bean, Jim K. Jr.
name: Olsen, Aart M.
name: Ruby, Daniel W.
name: Sumner, Red
name: Thirouin, Audrey
name: Gomez-Munoz, Marco A.
name: Gutierrez, Leonel
name: Wasserman, Larry
name: Charbonneau, David
name: Irwin, Jonathan
name: Levine, Stephen
name: Skiff, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results derived from the first multi-chord stellar occultation by the trans-Neptunian object (229762) 2007 UK$_{126}$, observed on 2014 November 15. The event was observed by the Research and Education Collaborative Occultation Network (RECON) project and International Occultation Timing Association (IOTA) collaborators throughout the United States. Use of two different data analysis methods obtain a satisfactory fit to seven chords, yelding an elliptical fit to the chords with an equatorial radius of $R=338_{-10} ^{+15}$ km and equivalent radius of $R_{eq}=319_{-7} ^{+14}$ km. A circular fit also gives a radius of $R=324_{-23} ^{+30}$ km. Assuming that the object is a Maclaurin spheroid with indeterminate aspect angle, and using two published absolute magnitudes for the body, we derive possible ranges for geometric albedo between $p_{V}=0.159_{-0.013} ^{+0.007}$ and $p_{R}=0.189_{-0.015}^{+0.009}$, and for the body oblateness between $ε=0.105_{-0.040} ^{+0.050}$ and $ε=0.118_{-0.048} ^{+0.055}$. For a nominal rotational period of 11.05 h, an upper limit for density of $ρ=1740$ kg~m$^{-3}$ is estimated for the body.
description: 40 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in the The Astronomical Journal (Aug. 1, 2016)
Estimating Mixed-Mode Urban Trail Traffic Using Negative Binomial Regression Models
Creators: name: Wanga, Xize
name: Lindsey, Greg
name: Hankey, Steve
name: Hoff, Kris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data and models of non-motorized traffic on multiuse urban trails are needed to improve planning and management of urban transportation systems. Negative binomial regression models are appropriate and useful when dependent variables are non-negative integers with over-dispersion like traffic counts. This paper presents eight negative binomial models for estimating urban trail traffic using 1,898 daily mixed-mode traffic counts from active infrared monitors at six locations in Minneapolis, MN. Our models include up to 10 independent variables that represent socio-demographic, built environment, weather, and temporal characteristics. A general model can be used to estimate traffic at locations where traffic has not been monitored. A six-location model with dummy variables for each monitoring site rather than neighborhood specific variables can be used to estimate traffic at existing locations when counts from monitors are not available. Six trail-specific models are appropriate for estimating variation in traffic in response to variations in weather and day of week. Validation results indicate negative binomial models outperform models estimated by ordinary least squares regression. These new models estimate traffic within approximately 16.3% error, on average, which is reasonable for planning and management purposes.
Participación como revisora a ciegas en la Revista Iberoamericana de Evaluación Educativa
Creators: name: Martínez, Milgian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390303
subject: Higher education

description: Participación como revisora a ciegas en la Revista Iberoamericana de Evaluación Educativa, en el mes de mayo, 2023
On the impact of large angle CMB polarization data on cosmological parameters
Creators: name: Lattanzi, Massimiliano
name: Burigana, Carlo
name: Gerbino, Martina
name: Gruppuso, Alessandro
name: Mandolesi, Nazzareno
name: Natoli, Paolo
name: Polenta, Gianluca
name: Salvati, Laura
name: Trombetti, Tiziana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) We study the impact of the large-angle CMB polarization datasets publicly released by the WMAP and Planck satellites on the estimation of cosmological parameters of the $Λ$CDM model. To complement large-angle polarization, we consider the high-resolution CMB datasets from either WMAP or Planck, as well as CMB lensing as traced by Planck. In the case of WMAP, we compute the large-angle polarization likelihood starting over from low-resolution frequency maps and their covariance matrices, and perform our own foreground mitigation technique, which includes as a possible alternative Planck 353 GHz data to trace polarized dust. We find that the latter choice induces a downward shift in the optical depth $τ$, of order ~$2σ$, robust to the choice of the complementary high-l dataset. When the Planck 353 GHz is consistently used to minimize polarized dust emission, WMAP and Planck 70 GHz large-angle polarization data are in remarkable agreement: by combining them we find $τ= 0.066 ^{+0.012}_{-0.013}$, again very stable against the particular choice for high-$\ell$ data. We find that the amplitude of primordial fluctuations $A_s$, notoriously degenerate with $τ$, is the parameter second most affected by the assumptions on polarized dust removal, but the other parameters are also affected, typically between $0.5$ and $1σ$. In particular, cleaning dust with \planck's 353 GHz data imposes a $1σ$ downward shift in the value of the Hubble constant $H_0$, significantly contributing to the tension reported between CMB based and direct measurements of $H_0$. On the other hand, we find that the appearance of the so-called low $\ell$ anomaly, a well-known tension between the high- and low-resolution CMB anisotropy amplitude, is not significantly affected by the details of large-angle polarization, or by the particular high-$\ell$ dataset employed.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Noise Response Data Reveal Novel Controllability Gramian for Nonlinear Network Dynamics
Creators: name: Kashima, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Control of nonlinear large-scale dynamical networks, e.g., collective behavior of agents interacting via a scale-free connection topology, is a central problem in many scientific and engineering fields. For the linear version of this problem, the so-called controllability Gramian has played an important role to quantify how effectively the dynamical states are reachable by a suitable driving input. In this paper, we first extend the notion of the controllability Gramian to nonlinear dynamics in terms of the Gibbs distribution. Next, we show that, when the networks are open to environmental noise, the newly defined Gramian is equal to the covariance matrix associated with randomly excited, but uncontrolled, dynamical state trajectories. This fact theoretically justifies a simple Monte Carlo simulation that can extract effectively controllable subdynamics in nonlinear complex networks. In addition, the result provides a novel insight into the relationship between controllability and statistical mechanics.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures; to appear in Scientific Reports
HD 56414 b: A Warm Neptune Transiting an A-type Star
Creators: name: Giacalone, Steven
name: Dressing, Courtney D.
name: Muñoz, Antonio García
name: Hooton, Matthew J.
name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Quinn, Samuel N.
name: Zhou, George
name: Ziegler, Carl
name: Vanderspek, Roland
name: Latham, David W.
name: Seager, Sara
name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Briceño, César
name: Huang, Chelsea X.
name: Rodriguez, David R.
name: Shporer, Avi
name: Mann, Andrew W.
name: Watanabe, David
name: Wohler, Bill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery in TESS data and validation of HD 56414 b (a.k.a. TOI-1228 b), a Neptune-size ($R_{\rm p} = 3.71 \pm 0.20\, R_\oplus$) planet with a 29-day orbital period transiting a young (Age = $420 \pm 140$ Myr) A-type star in the TESS southern continuous viewing zone. HD 56414 is one of the hottest stars ($T_{\rm eff} = 8500 \pm 150 \, {\rm K}$) to host a known sub-Jovian planet. HD 56414 b lies on the boundary of the hot Neptune desert in planet radius -- bolometric insolation flux space, suggesting that the planet may be experiencing mass loss. To explore this, we apply a photoevaporation model that incorporates the high near ultraviolet continuum emission of A-type stars. We find that the planet can retain most of its atmosphere over the typical 1-Gyr main sequence lifetime of an A-type star if its mass is $\ge 8 \, M_\oplus$. Our model also predicts that close-in Neptune-size planets with masses $< 14 \, M_\oplus$ are susceptible to total atmospheric stripping over 1 Gyr, hinting that the hot Neptune desert, which has been previously observed around FGKM-type stars, likely extends to A-type stars.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Infrared photodetectors based on graphene van der Waals heterostructures
Creators: name: Ryzhii, V.
name: Ryzhii, M.
name: Svintsov, D.
name: Leiman, V.
name: Mitin, V.
name: Shur, M. S.
name: Otsuji, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and evaluate the graphene layer (GL) infrared photodetectors (GLIPs) based on the van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures with the radiation absorbing GLs. The operation of the GLIPs is associated with the electron photoexcitation from the GL valence band to the continuum states above the inter-GL barriers (either via tunneling or direct transitions to the continuum states). Using the developed device model, we calculate the photodetector characteristics as functions of the GL-vdW heterostructure parameters. We show that due to a relatively large efficiency of the electron photoexcitation and low capture efficiency of the electrons propagating over the barriers in the inter-GL layers, GLIPs should exhibit the elevated photoelectric gain and detector responsivity as well as relatively high detectivity. The possibility of high-speed operation, high conductivity, transparency of the GLIP contact layers, and the sensitivity to normally incident IR radiation provides additional potential advantages in comparison with other IR photodetectors. In particular, the proposed GLIPs can compete with unitravelling-carrier photodetectors.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Spinning, Precessing, Black Hole Binary Spacetime via Asymptotic Matching
Creators: name: Nakano, Hiroyuki
name: Ireland, Brennan
name: Campanelli, Manuela
name: West, Eric J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly discuss a method to construct a global, analytic, approximate spacetime for precessing, spinning binary black holes. The spacetime construction is broken into three parts: the inner zones are the spacetimes close to each black hole, and are approximated by perturbed Kerr solutions; the near zone is far from the two black holes, and described by the post-Newtonian metric; and finally the wave (far) zone, where retardation effects need to be taken into account, is well modeled by the post-Minkowskian metric. These individual spacetimes are then stitched together using asymptotic matching techniques to obtain a global solution that approximately satisfies the Einstein field equations. Precession effects are introduced by rotating the black hole spin direction according to the precessing equations of motion, in a way that is consistent with the global spacetime construction.
description: 9 pages
The Relation Between [OIII]/H$β$ and Specific Star Formation Rate in Galaxies at $z \sim 2$
Creators: name: Dickey, Claire Mackay
name: van Dokkum, Pieter
name: Oesch, Pascal
name: Whitaker, Katherine
name: Momcheva, Ivelina
name: Nelson, Erica
name: Leja, Joel
name: Brammer, Gabriel
name: Franx, Marijn
name: Skelton, Rosalind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent surveys have identified a seemingly ubiquitous population of galaxies with elevated [OIII]/H$β$ emission line ratios at $z > 1$, though the nature of this phenomenon continues to be debated. The [OIII]/H$β$ line ratio is of interest because it is a main component of the standard diagnostic tools used to differentiate between active galactic nuclei (AGN) and star-forming galaxies, as well as the gas-phase metallicity indicators $O_{23}$ and $R_{23}$. Here, we investigate the primary driver of increased [OIII]/H$β$ ratios by median-stacking rest-frame optical spectra for a sample of star-forming galaxies in the 3D-HST survey in the redshift range $z\sim1.4-2.2$. Using $N = 4220$ star-forming galaxies, we stack the data in bins of mass and specific star formation rates (sSFR) respectively. After accounting for stellar Balmer absorption, we measure [OIII]$\lambda5007$Å/H$β$ down to $\mathrm{M} \sim 10^{9.2} \ \mathrm{M_\odot}$ and sSFR $\sim 10^{-9.6} \ \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$, more than an order of magnitude lower than previous work at similar redshifts. We find an offset of $0.59\pm0.05$ dex between the median ratios at $z\sim2$ and $z\sim0$ at fixed stellar mass, in agreement with existing studies. However, with respect to sSFR, the $z \sim 2$ stacks all lie within 1$σ$ of the median SDSS ratios, with an average offset of only $-0.06\pm 0.05$. We find that the excitation properties of galaxies are tightly correlated with their sSFR at both $z\sim2$ and $z\sim0$, with a relation that appears to be roughly constant over the last 10 Gyr of cosmic time.
Painting the Bigger Picture:  Social-Emotional Learning Interactions of Young Children in the Context of Collaborative Art
Creators: name: Troy, Flora
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social-emotional learning
subject: Dewey
subject: Citizenship
subject: Early childhood education
subject: collaboration
subject: Cooperation
subject: conflict
subject: Peer learning
subject: Play

description: The modern era has revolutionized how people communicate but has led to a need for essential interpersonal skills. To succeed in navigating conflict and becoming critically engaged citizens, schools must support intra- and interpersonal development through social-emotional learning (SEL) as early as possible. This study examines social and emotional behavior development through collaborative art activities in 3-5-year-olds in an affluent preschool. The research aims to understand how collaborative art activities can support social and emotional development and cultivate prosocial behaviors on a larger scale of social democracy. The study highlights three types of collaboration: co-existence, cooperative play, and conflict. Collaborative art activities offer valuable opportunities for social-emotional and peer learning. Insights from this study can support individuals of all ages to establish shared goals, come to shared understandings, and learn together in our changing world. Practices like collaborative art may play a crucial role in supporting interpersonal communication.
Here Comes the STRAIN: Analyzing Defensive Pass Rush in American Football with Player Tracking Data
Creators: name: Nguyen, Quang
name: Yurko, Ronald
name: Matthews, Gregory J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: In American football, a pass rush is an attempt by the defensive team to disrupt the offense and prevent the quarterback (QB) from completing a pass. Existing metrics for assessing pass rush performance are either discrete-time quantities or based on subjective judgment. Using player tracking data, we propose STRAIN, a novel metric for evaluating pass rushers in the National Football League (NFL) at the continuous-time within-play level. Inspired by the concept of strain rate in materials science, STRAIN is a simple and interpretable means for measuring defensive pressure in football. It is a directly observed statistic as a function of two features: the distance between the pass rusher and QB, and the rate at which this distance is being reduced. Our metric possesses great predictability of pressure and stability over time. We also fit a multilevel model for STRAIN to understand the defensive pressure contribution of every pass rusher at the play-level. We apply our approach to NFL data and present results for the first eight weeks of the 2021 regular season. In particular, we provide comparisons of STRAIN for different defensive positions and play outcomes, and rankings of the NFL’s best pass rushers according to our metric.
Caught in the Act: Direct Detection of Galactic Bars in the Buckling Phase
Creators: name: Erwin, Peter
name: Debattista, Victor P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The majority of massive disk galaxies, including our own, have stellar bars with vertically thick inner regions -- so-called "boxy/peanut-shaped" (B/P) bulges. The most commonly suggested mechanism for the formation of B/P bulges is a violent vertical "buckling" instability in the bar, something that has been seen in N-body simulations for over twenty years, but never identified in real galaxies. Here, we present the first direct observational evidence for ongoing buckling in two nearby galaxies (NGC 3227 and NGC 4569), including characteristic asymmetric isophotes and (in NGC 4569) stellar-kinematic asymmetries that match buckling in simulations. This confirms that the buckling instability takes place and produces B/P bulges in real galaxies. A toy model of bar evolution yields a local fraction of buckling bars consistent with observations if the buckling phase lasts ~0.5--1 Gyr, in agreement with simulations.
description: pdflatex, 8 pages, 3 figures. Accepted by The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Mapping Public Engagement with Energy, Climate Change and Net Zero
Creators: name: Chilvers, Jason
name: Stephanides, Phedeas
name: Pallet, Helen
name: Hargreaves, Tom
Publisher: name: UK Energy Research Centre
Year: 2023

description: This briefing paper, presents the key findings of a mapping of public engagement with energy, climate change, and net zero occurring in the UK between 2015 2022.
Bimodal entanglement entropy distribution in the many-body localization transition
Creators: name: Yu, Xiongjie
name: Luitz, David J.
name: Clark, Bryan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the cut averaged entanglement entropy in disordered periodic spin chains and prove it to be a concave function of subsystem size for individual eigenstates. This allows us to identify the entanglement scaling as a function of subsystem size for individual states in inhomogeneous systems. Using this quantity, we probe the critical region between the many-body localized (MBL) and ergodic phases in finite systems. In the middle of the spectrum, we show evidence for bimodality of the entanglement distribution in the MBL critical region, finding both volume law and area law eigenstates over disorder realizations as well as within \emph{single disorder realizations}. The disorder averaged entanglement entropy in this region then scales as a volume law with a coefficient below its thermal value. We discover in the critical region, as we approach the thermodynamic limit, that the cut averaged entanglement entropy density falls on a one-parameter family of curves. Finally, we also show that without averaging over cuts the slope of the entanglement entropy \vs subsystem size can be negative at intermediate and strong disorder, caused by rare localized regions in the system.
SU(3) Polyakov linear-sigma model: bulk and shear viscosity of QCD matter in finite magnetic field
Creators: name: Tawfik, Abdel Nasser
name: Diab, Abdel Magied
name: Hussein, T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to off-center relativistic motion of the charged spectators and the local momentum-imbalance of the participants, a short-lived huge magnetic field is likely generated, especially in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. In determining the temperature dependence of bulk and shear viscosities of the QCD matter in vanishing and finite magnetic field, we utilize mean field approximation to the SU($3$) Polyakov linear-sigma model (PLSM). We compare between the results from two different approaches; Green-Kubo correlation and Boltzmann master equation with Chapman-Enskog expansion. We find that both approaches have almost identical results, especially in the hadron phase. In the temperature dependence of bulk and shear viscosities relative to thermal entropy at the critical temperature, there is a rapid decrease in the chiral phase-transition and in the critical temperature with increasing magnetic field. As the magnetic field strength increases, a peak appears at the critical temperature ($T_c$). This can be understood from the small drop on the thermal entropy at $T_c$, which can be interpreted due to instability in the hydrodynamic flow of the quark-gluon plasma and soft statistical hadronization. It is obvious that, increasing magnetic field accelerates the transition from hadron to QGP phases (inverse catalysis), i.e., taking place at lower temperatures.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in International Journal of Advanced Research in Physical Science (IJARPS)
Rate-Distortion Analysis of Quantizers with Error Feedback
Creators: name: Ohno, Shuichi
name: Shiraki, Teruyuki
name: Tariq, M. Rizwan
name: Nagahara, Masaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A Delta-Sigma modulator that is often utilized to convert analog signals into digital signals can be modeled as a static uniform quantizer with an error feedback filter. In this paper, we present a rate-distortion analysis of quantizers with error feedback including the Delta-Sigma modulators, assuming that the error owing to overloading in the static quantizer is negligible. We demonstrate that the amplitude response of the optimal error feedback filter that minimizes the mean squared quantization error can be parameterized by one parameter. This parameterization enables us to determine the optimal error feedback filter numerically. The relationship between the number of bits used for the quantization and the achievable mean squared error can be obtained using the optimal error feedback filter. This clarifies the rate-distortion property of quantizers with error feedback. Then, ideal optimal error feedback filters are approximated by practical filters using the Yule-Walker method and the linear matrix inequality-based method. Numerical examples are provided for demonstrating our analysis and synthesis.
On the growth of von Neumann dimension of harmonic spaces of semipositive line bundles over covering manifolds
Creators: name: Wang, Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32A25

description: We study the harmonic space of line bundle valued forms over a covering manifold with a discrete group action $Γ$, and obtain an asymptotic estimate for the $Γ$-dimension of the harmonic space with respect to the tensor times $k$ in the holomorphic line bundle $L^{k}\otimes E$ and the type $(n,q)$ of the differential form, when $L$ is semipositive. In particular, we estimate the $Γ$-dimension of the corresponding reduced $L^2$-Dolbeault cohomology group. Essentially, we obtain a local estimate of the pointwise norm of harmonic forms with valued in semipositive line bundles over Hermitian manifolds.