cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stereoconvergent Ring-Opening Polymerizations via Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Substitution
Creators: name: Mak, Joe-Yee
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Current synthetic methods to access stereoregular organic polymeric materials through chiral racemic monomer pools often operate through kinetic resolutions which restrict maximum polymer yield to 50%. This thesis discusses the development and challenges of the design of a novel methodology to access stereoregular polymers through stereoconvergence of chiral racemic monomers. The mechanism is derivative of transition-metal catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution, pioneered by Trost, Carreira, and several others. While the mechanism of stereoconvergence in this chemistry is highly catalyst and substrate-dependent, palladium-catalyzed systems which are employed throughout the work herein are well understood and predominately proceed through a stereoablated prochiral π-allyl complex. This work discusses the optimization of several unexpected difficulties of a palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution polymerization, including molecular weight control and inherent stereochemical bias of the polymer chain-end. Additionally, NMR spectroscopy studies are performed to streamline the quantification of tacticity of a novel polymer.
Electroweak Corrections to the True Muonium Hyperfine Splitting
Creators: name: Lamm, Henry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In contrast to other atomic systems, in true muonium ($μ^+μ^-$) the leading-order $Z$ boson corrections to the hyperfine splitting are shown to be experimentally accessible in the near future. This contribution ($-109$ MHz) constitutes a necessary contribution to a full $\mathcal{O}(mα^7)$ calculation of the true muonium hyperfine splitting. This would enable a number of solutions to the muon problem to be constrained. Additionally, we compute the general expression for a pseudovector coupling to particle-antiparticle bound states at leading order, including the annihilation channel.
A composite index-based instrument for managing the financial risk of variable hydrometeorology for electric utilities
Creators: name: Pahel-Short, Corey
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Extreme hydrometeorological conditions impact electric utilities’ financial stability, with drought often reducing electricity supply (e.g., hydropower), while heat waves increase electricity demand. A model of U.S. West Coast power systems is combined with a financial model of an electric utility, Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E), to characterize hydrometeorological financial risk and develop novel tools for managing it. A novel index contract based on hydrology, temperature, and electricity prices is developed. The composite index contract achieves equivalent reduction in PG&E’s net revenue variance as a portfolio of traditional contracts for roughly half the cost. The same conditions that increase utilities’ financial risk also give rise to increases in air pollution as more-polluting electricity sources must be dispatched to meet demand. An alternative regulatory scenario involving pollution taxes is explored. The composite index contract is shown to significantly reduce risks in this setting, thereby reducing disincentives for this public health intervention.
Global Entropy Solutions to the Gas Flow in General Nozzle
Creators: name: Cao, Wentao
name: Huang, Feimin
name: Yuan, Difan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We are concerned with the global existence of entropy solutions for the compressible Euler equations describing the gas flow in a nozzle with general cross-sectional area, for both isentropic and isothermal fluids. New viscosities are delicately designed to obtain the uniform bound of approximate solutions. The vanishing viscosity method and compensated compactness framework are used to prove the convergence of approximate solutions. Moreover, the entropy solutions for both cases are uniformly bounded independent of time. No smallness condition is assumed on initial data. The techniques developed here can be applied to compressible Euler equations with general source terms.
The impact of COVID-19 and associated shocks on Agri Food SMEs along the poultry and fish value chains in Kebbi State, Nigeria
Creators: name: E.U., Adejoh
name: James, Elizabeth
name: Tasie, Saweda
name: Belton, Ben
name: Tasie, Oyinkan
name: Reardon, Thomas
name: Osawe, Wellington
name: E.U., Adejoh
name: James, Elizabeth
name: Tasie, Saweda
name: Belton, Ben
name: Tasie, Oyinkan
name: Reardon, Thomas
name: Osawe, Wellington
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Policy
subject: Agriculture
subject: Covid
subject: Nigeria
subject: Food

description: This policy research note presents the key findings from a study on the impact of COVID-19 and associated policies on SMEs along the poultry and fish value chains in Kebbi State.
On the correspondence of external rays under renormalization
Creators: name: Petersen, Carsten L.
name: Zakeri, Saeed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F10, 37F20, 37E25, 37F30

description: Let $P$ be a monic polynomial of degree $D \geq 3$ whose filled Julia set $K_P$ has a non-degenerate periodic component $K$ of period $k \geq 1$ and renormalization degree $2 \leq d
description: 43 pages, 9 figures
ALMA detection of [CII] 158 micron emission from a strongly lensed z=2 star-forming galaxy
Creators: name: Schaerer, D.
name: Boone, F.
name: Jones, T.
name: Dessauges-Zavadsky, M.
name: Sklias, P.
name: Zamojski, M.
name: Cava, A.
name: Richard, J.
name: Ellis, R.
name: Rawle, T. D.
name: Egami, E.
name: Combes, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our objectives are to determine the properties of the interstellar medium (ISM) and of star-formation in typical star-forming galaxies at high redshift. Following up on our previous multi-wavelength observations with HST, Spitzer, Herschel, and the Plateau de Bure Interferometer (PdBI), we have studied a strongly lensed z=2.013 galaxy, the arc behind the galaxy cluster MACS J0451+0006, with ALMA to measure the [CII] 158 micron emission line, one of the main coolants of the ISM. [CII] emission from the southern part of this galaxy is detected at 10 $σ$. Taking into account strong gravitational lensing, which provides a magnification of $μ=49$, the intrinsic lensing-corrected [CII]158 micron luminosity is $L(CII)=1.2 \times 10^8 L_\odot$. The observed ratio of [CII]-to-IR emission, $L(CII)/L(FIR) \approx (1.2-2.4) \times 10^{-3}$, is found to be similar to that in nearby galaxies. The same also holds for the observed ratio $L(CII)/L(CO)=2.3 \times 10^3$, which is comparable to that of star-forming galaxies and active galaxy nuclei (AGN) at low redshift. We utilize strong gravitational lensing to extend diagnostic studies of the cold ISM to an order of magnitude lower luminosity ($L(IR) \sim (1.1-1.3) \times 10^{11} L_\odot$) and SFR than previous work at high redshift. While larger samples are needed, our results provide evidence that the cold ISM of typical high redshift galaxies has physical characteristics similar to normal star forming galaxies in the local Universe.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, Letters
Sparse channel sampling for ultrasound localization microscopy (SPARSE-ULM)
Creators: name: Hardy, Erwan
name: Poree, Jonathan
name: Belgharbi, Hatim
name: Bourquin, Chloe
name: Lesage, Frederic
name: Provost, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrasound Localization Microscopy (ULM) has recently enabled the mapping of the cerebral vasculature in vivo with a resolution ten times smaller than the wavelength used, down to ten microns. However, with frame rates up to 20.000 frames per second, this method requires large amount of data to be acquired, transmitted, stored, and processed. The transfer rate is, as of today, one of the main limiting factors of this technology. Herein, we introduce a novel reconstruction framework to decrease this quantity of data to be acquired and the complexity of the required hardware by randomly subsampling the channels of a linear probe. Method performance evaluation as well as parameters optimization were conducted in silico using the SIMUS simulation software in an anatomically realistic phantom and then compared to in vivo acquisitions in a rat brain after craniotomy. Results show that reducing the number of active elements deteriorates the signal-to-noise ratio and could lead to false microbubbles detections but has limited effect on localization accuracy. In simulation, the false positive rate on microbubble detection deteriorates from 3.7% for 128 channels in receive and 7 steered angles to 11% for 16 channels and 7 angles. The average localization accuracy ranges from 10.6 um and 9.93 um for 16 channels/3 angles and 128 channels/13 angles respectively. These results suggest that a compromise can be found between the number of channels and the quality of the reconstructed vascular network and demonstrate feasibility of performing ULM with a reduced number of channels in receive, paving the way for low-cost devices enabling high-resolution vascular mapping.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Global Nash-Kuiper theorem for compact manifolds
Creators: name: Cao, Wentao
name: Székelyhidi, László
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain global extensions of the celebrated Nash-Kuiper theorem for $C^{1,θ}$ isometric immersions of compact manifolds with optimal Hölder exponent. In particular for the Weyl problem of isometrically embedding a convex compact surface in 3-space, we show that the Nash-Kuiper non-rigidity prevails upto exponent $θ<1/5$. This extends previous results on embedding 2-discs as well as higher dimensional analogues.
description: 31 pages
What does friction really depend on? Robust governing parameters in contact mechanics and friction
Creators: name: Popov Valentin, L.
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2015
Subjects: КОЭФФИЦИЕНТ ТРЕНИЯ
ОБОБЩЕННЫЙ ЗАКОН ТРЕНИЯ
ЗАКОН АМОНТОНА-КУЛОНА
МЕХАНИКА КОНТАКТНОГО ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ
ВЛИЯНИЕ ВИБРАЦИЙ НА ТРЕНИЕ
COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION
GENERALIZED LAW OF FRICTION
AMONTONS-COULOMB LAW
CONTACT MECHANICS
INFLUENCE OF VIBRATIONS ON FRICTION

description: It is known that the coefficient of friction generally depends on a large number of system and loading parameters. Already Coulomb presented experimental evidence that the static coefficient of friction may depend on time, on normal force, on the contact size, on the nature of contacting materials, and on the presence of intermediate lubricant layers. For the sliding coefficient of friction, he observed the dependence on the sliding velocity as well as the force and size dependencies. Later research has shown that the friction coefficient is very sensitive to the presence of oscillations (including self-excited vibrations). In spite of the practical importance of the problem, no generalized laws of friction or empirical procedures for measuring and representing the law of friction have been developed so far, which included at least the following four parameters: contacting body velocity, normal force, shape (and thus implicitly size), and time. In the present paper, we discuss the question of how the dimension of space of governing parameters can be reduced and if a small set of “robust governing parameters” of friction can be identified. We argue that one of such robust governing parameters is the indentation depth (or relative approach) of contacting bodies and discuss further candidates for the role of robust governing parameters.
Scholastic dreams: How does disaster damage impact educational aspirations and outcomes among post-tsunami youth in Indonesia?
Creators: name: Iwo, Rene
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Educational aspirations are linked to educational and labor market outcomes. Exposure to acute or chronic adversity may affect aspirations, but we know little about these relationships. In this paper, I use longitudinal survey data from the Study of the Tsunami Aftermath and Recovery (STAR) to examine how exposure to damage from the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 impacts educational aspirations and attainment of children in Indonesia. I found that children held very high aspirations, especially compared to prevailing post-secondary education rates. Damage exposures at the household and community levels negatively affected children’s educational aspirations to different extents: housing damage effects persisted, whereas community-level damage effects attenuated over time. The latter is likely related to the successful reconstruction efforts post-disaster. Previously reported aspirations also had strong associations with educational attainment. These findings contribute important insights to scholarship on educational aspirations across the life course and children’s resilience post-disaster.
The impact of COVID-19 and associated shocks on Agri Food SMEs along the poultry and fish value chains in Ebonyi State
Creators: name: Onu-Odey, Grace
name: Tasie, Saweda
name: Belton, Ben
name: Tasie, Oyinkan
name: Reardon, Thomas
name: Osawe, Wellington
name: Onu-Odey, Grace
name: Tasie, Saweda
name: Belton, Ben
name: Tasie, Oyinkan
name: Reardon, Thomas
name: Osawe, Wellington
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Policy
subject: Agriculture
subject: Food
subject: Covid
subject: Economics

description: This policy research note summarizes the key findings from a study on the impact of COVID-19 and associated policies on SMEs along the poultry and fish value chains in Ebonyi State.
Applying the method of dimensionality reduction to calculate the friction force between a rotationally symmetric indenter and a viscoelastic half-space
Creators: name: Kusche Stephan
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2015
Subjects: МЕТОД РЕДУКЦИИ РАЗМЕРНОСТИ
ВЯЗКО-УПРУГОЕ ОСНОВАНИЕ
СИЛА ТРЕНИЯ
КАСАТЕЛЬНЫЙ КОНТАКТ
METHOD OF DIMENSIONALITY REDUCTION
VISCOELASTIC FOUNDATION
FRICTION FORCE
TANGENTIAL CONTACT

description: The method of dimensionality reduction is applied to the tangential contact between an elastomer and a rotationally symmetric indenter. The resulting equations are solved analytically, and numerical methods are discussed. The dependence of the normal and tangential force on the indentation depth and velocity is indicated.
Complément to the Thurston 3D-Geometrization
Creators: name: Kwon, Alice
name: Sullivan, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Geometrization says `` any closed oriented three-manifold which is prime (not a connected sum) carries one of the eight Thurston geometries OR it has incompressible torus walls whose complementary components each carry one of four particular Thurston geometries" (see Introduction and Figure 1). These geometric components have finite volume for the hyperbolic geometries (the H labeled vertices). They also have finite volume for each of the two geometries appearing as Seifert fibrations (the S labeled vertices). The remaining pieces (the I labeled vertices) have Euclidean geometries of linear volume growth. Then these vertex geometries are combined topologically to recover the original manifold. This, by cutting off the toroidal ends and then gluing the torus boundaries by affine mappings (indicated by the labeled edges in Figure 1). The point of this work is to make the affine gluing respect an interpretation of the metric geometry in terms of a new notion of `` regional Lie generated geometry". The vertex regions use four geometries in Lie form combined in the overlap edge regions via affine geometry. The Theorem solves, using Geometrization, a 45 year old question/approach to the Poincaré Conjecture. This was described in a '76 Princeton Math dept. preprint and finally documented in the 1983 reference by Thurston and the second author.
Fano Resonance in the Nonadiabatically Pumped Shot Noise of a Time-Dependent Quantum Well in 2DEG and Graphene
Creators: name: Zhu, Rui
name: Dai, Jiao-Hua
name: Guo, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interference between different quantum paths can generate Fano resonance. One of the examples is transport through a quasibound state driven by time-dependent scattering potential. Previously it is found that Fano resonance occurs as a result of energy matching in one-dimensional systems. In this work, we demonstrate that when transverse motion is present, Fano resonance occurs precisely at the wavevector matching situation. Using the Floquet scattering theory, we considered the transport properties of a nonadiabatic time-dependent well both in the 2DEG and monolayer graphene structure. Dispersion of the quasibound state of a static quantum well is obtained with transverse motion present. We found that Fano resonance occurs when the wavevector in the transport direction of one of the Floquet sidebands is exactly identical to that of the quasibound state in the well at equilibrium and follows the dispersion pattern of the latter. To observe the Fano resonance phenomenon in the transmission spectrum, we also considered the pumped shot noise properties when time and spatial symmetry secures vanishing current in the considered configuration. Prominent Fano resonance is found in the differential pumped shot noise to the reservoir Fermi energy.
Решение задачи фрикционного контакта на основе метода диаграмм памяти при произвольном трехмерном нагружении
Creators: name: Aleshin Vladislav, V.
name: Bou Matar Olivier
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2015
Subjects: ТРЕНИЕ
МЕХАНИКА КОНТАКТНОГО ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ
ТЕОРИЯ ГЕРЦА-МИНДЛИНА
ФРИКЦИОННЫЙ КОНТАКТ
ПРОИЗВОЛЬНАЯ ИСТОРИЯ НАГРУЖЕНИЯ
МЕТОД ДИАГРАММ ПАМЯТИ
FRICTION
CONTACT MECHANICS
HERTZ-MINDLIN THEORY
FRICTIONAL CONTACT
ARBITRARY LOADING HISTORY
METHOD OF MEMORY DIAGRAMS

description: This paper is concerned with the method of memory diagrams developed for solving a problem of frictional elastic contact. Our goal is to establish a link between contact force and displacement for a general plane contact between two arbitrarily-shaped bodies; rolling and torsion are not considered. Description of mechanical interactions between two solids in contact in the presence of friction is a nontrivial task since the desired force-displacement relationships have hysteretic (memory-dependent) character. Arbitrarily changing applied force (or displacement) creates a cumbersome shear stress distribution in the contact zone that has to be adequately parameterized and accounted for. In that regard, it is suggested to consider, instead of complex shear stress distributions, a simpler functional form called memory diagram that contains the same memory information. We have established two integral relationships that link the force and displacement vectors with that internal functional dependency. The integral relationships are supplemented with two other evolution rules for memory diagrams that eventually follow from the Coulomb friction law. The memory diagram is updated with the help of these rules following a given force history. Then the calculated memory diagram is used to update the history of displacement i.e. to produce the desired force-displacement relationship.
Stratification of spaces of locally convex curves by itineraries
Creators: name: Goulart, Victor
name: Saldanha, Nicolau C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Locally convex (or nondegenerate) curves in the sphere (or projective space) have been studied for several reasons, including the study of linear ordinary differential equations. Taking Frenet frames allows us to translate such curves into corresponding curves in the flag space, the orthogonal group or its cover $Spin_{n+1}$. Determining the homotopy type of the space of such closed curves or, more generally, of spaces of such curves with prescribed initial and final jets appears to be a hard problem, which has been solved for $n=2$ but otherwise remains open. This paper is a step towards solving the problem for larger values of $n$. In the process, we prove a related conjecture of B. Shapiro and M. Shapiro. We define the itinerary of a locally convex curve $Γ:[0,1]\to Spin_{n+1}$ as a word $w$ in the alphabet of non-trivial permutations. This word encodes the succession of non-open Bruhat cells of $Spin_{n+1}$ pierced by $Γ$. We prove that, for each word $w$, the subspace of curves of itinerary $w$ is an embedded contractible (topological) submanifold of finite codimension, thus defining a stratification of the space of curves. We show how to obtain explicit (topologically) transversal sections for each of these submanifolds. We study both a space of curves with minimum regularity hypotheses, where only topological transversality applies, and spaces of sufficiently regular curves. In both cases we study the neighboring relation between strata. This is an important step in the construction of CW cell complexes mapped into the original space of curves by weak homotopy equivalences. Our stratification is not as nice as might be desired, lacking for instance the Whitney property. The differentiability class of the curves affects some properties of the stratification. The necessary ingredients for the construction of a dual CW complex are proved.
description: Final published version; minor corrections from previous version. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1810.08632
Data Management Plans for Open Social Science – Guidance for Researchers
Creators: name: Boroudjou, Hannah
name: Porter, Helen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open Science
Data Management Plans
Junior Researchers
Social Science
Research Funding

description: Writing a good data management plan is an integral part of successful open social science practice and a key factor in securing research funding. Yet many researchers have difficulty in fully engaging with writing and implementing their data management plan. This can become a barrier to the publishing high quality, create extra work in depositing discoverable research data, or even lead to irretrievable data losses. Hannah Boroudjou and Helen Porter showed how to incorporate best practice in data management from the earliest stages of a research project. Key steps include: Demonstrating and following quality assurance measures; Making sure you keep good documentation and descriptions of your data; Addressing technical and storage issues; Thinking about copyright and ownership of your data; Identifying all of the data that you can publish or need to deposit in an open science database; and, Deciding the appropriate levels of access for different parts of your dataset. This event was part of a series of workshops organised to support the development of the CIVICA Research Open Science Handbook for the Social Sciences.
The Response Matrix Discrete Ordinates Solution to the 1D Radiative Transfer Equation
Creators: name: Ganapol, B. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discrete ordinates method (DOM) of solution to the 1D radiative transfer equation has been an effective method of solution for nearly 70 years. During that time, the method has experienced numerous improvements as numerical and computational techniques have become more powerful and efficient. Here, we again consider the analytical solution to the discrete radiative transfer equation in a homogeneous medium by proposing a new, and consistent, form of solution that improves upon previous forms. Aided by a Wynn-epsilon convergence acceleration, its numerical evaluation can achieve extreme accuracy as demonstrated by comparison with published benchmarks. Finally, we readily extend the solution to a heterogeneous medium through the star product formulation producing a novel benchmark for closed form Henyey-Greenstein scattering as an example.
CLIFT: Analysing Natural Distribution Shift on Question Answering Models in Clinical Domain
Creators: name: Pal, Ankit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces a new testbed CLIFT (Clinical Shift) for the clinical domain Question-answering task. The testbed includes 7.5k high-quality question answering samples to provide a diverse and reliable benchmark. We performed a comprehensive experimental study and evaluated several QA deep-learning models under the proposed testbed. Despite impressive results on the original test set, the performance degrades when applied to new test sets, which shows the distribution shift. Our findings emphasize the need for and the potential for increasing the robustness of clinical domain models under distributional shifts. The testbed offers one way to track progress in that direction. It also highlights the necessity of adopting evaluation metrics that consider robustness to natural distribution shifts. We plan to expand the corpus by adding more samples and model results. The full paper and the updated benchmark are available at github.com/openlifescience-ai/clift
description: Accepted at NeurIPS 2022 (Robustness in Sequence Modeling)
Dismounted pelvic blast injury: mechanisms of injury, associated injuries and mitigation strategies
Creators: name: Rankin, Iain Alexander
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Explosive blast has been the most common cause of wounding and death in recent military conflicts. Where blast resulted in injury to the pelvis of an on-foot casualty, the mortality rate was high. The mechanism of injury by which this occurs is not known. The research presented in this thesis sought to understand the pattern and mechanism of this devastating injury, in order to develop protective strategies. An analysis was performed of battlefield data which identified pelvic vascular injury as the cause of death in these casualties. Furthermore, it showed displaced pelvic fractures, perineal wounding, and traumatic amputation to be associated with this lethal injury. Hypothesised mechanisms of injury were investigated using cadaveric animal models of blast. These investigations showed rapid outward movement of the lower limbs (‘limb flail’), caused by the blast wave, to be necessary for displaced pelvic fractures with vascular injury to occur. High velocity sand ejecta, as propagated by blast (‘sand blast’), showed correlation with increasing velocity and injury patterns of worsening severity across the trauma range. This included the associated injuries of perineal wounding and traumatic amputation. Following this research, lower limb flail and high velocity sand blast were identified as the mechanisms of injury of blast to the pelvis. Novel pelvic protective equipment was developed to limit lower limb flail in a cadaveric animal model of blast. This resulted in a reduction of pelvic fractures and elimination of pelvic vascular injury. Protective silk shorts were subsequently examined in a human cadaveric model and shown to markedly reduce the severity of injury from high velocity sand blast. Implementation of the protective strategies described in this thesis is suggested to reduce the severe injury burden and mortality rate associated with blast injury to the pelvis.
Enhancement of Superconductivity in La$_{1-x}$Sm$_{x}$O$_{0.5}$F$_{0.5}$BiS$_2$
Creators: name: Fang, Y.
name: Yazici, D.
name: White, B. D.
name: Maple, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superconducting and normal-state properties of La$_{1-x}$Sm$_{x}$O$_{0.5}$F$_{0.5}$BiS$_{2}$ (0.1 $\leqslant$ $x$ $\leqslant$ 0.9) have been studied via electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat measurements. By using suitable synthesis conditions, Sm exhibits considerable solubility into the CeOBiS$_{2}$-type LaO$_{0.5}$F$_{0.5}$BiS$_{2}$ lattice. In addition to a considerable enhancement of the superconducting volume fraction, it is found that the superconducting transition temperature $T_{c}$ is dramatically enhanced with increasing Sm concentration to 5.4 K at $x$ = 0.8. These results suggest that $T_{c}$ for SmO$_{0.5}$F$_{0.5}$BiS$_{2}$ could be as high as $\sim$6.2 K and comparably high $T_{c}$ values might also be obtained in $Ln$O$_{0.5}$F$_{0.5}$BiS$_{2}$ ($Ln$ = Eu - Tm) if these compounds can be synthesized.
description: Submitted to Physical Review B, 6 pages, 6 figures
Adaptive Search over Sorted Sets
Creators: name: Bonasera, Biagio
name: Ferrara, Emilio
name: Fiumara, Giacomo
name: Pagano, Francesco
name: Provetti, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2

description: We revisit the classical algorithms for searching over sorted sets to introduce an algorithm refinement, called Adaptive Search, that combines the good features of Interpolation search and those of Binary search. W.r.t. Interpolation search, only a constant number of extra comparisons is introduced. Yet, under diverse input data distributions our algorithm shows costs comparable to that of Interpolation search, i.e., O(log log n) while the worst-case cost is always in O(log n), as with Binary search. On benchmarks drawn from large datasets, both synthetic and real-life, Adaptive search scores better times and lesser memory accesses even than Santoro and Sidney's Interpolation-Binary search.
description: 9 pages
A generalization of the Greene-Krantz theorem for the semicontinuity property of automorphism groups
Creators: name: Joo, Jae-Cheon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A CR version of the Greene-Krantz theorem \cite{GK} for the semicontinuity of complex automorphism groups will be provided. This is not only a generalization but also an intrinsic interpretation of the Greene-Krantz theorem.
PER- AND POLYFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES (PFAS) IN RESIDENTIAL AIR CONDITIONER CONDENSATE
Creators: name: Amparo, Daniel Esteban
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Many per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are water-soluble which suggests that PFAS in indoor air may partition into air conditioning (AC) condensate. As part of the Indoor PFAS Assessment (IPA) Campaign, we measured 15 anionic PFAS species in AC condensate from 9 homes during July and August 2021. The sum of measured PFAS was 14.7 ± 13.3 ng/L (mean ± one standard deviation), across homes. Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA; 4.35 ng/L), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA; 2.09 ng/L), and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS; 3.58 ng/L) were the largest contributors to the mean. On average, the rate of condensate water removal was 2.61 L/hr-home during air conditioner operation, suggesting that the total flux of PFAS exceeds 32.6 micrograms of PFAS per home over one cooling season. We conclude that AC operation is an effective sink for PFAS from indoor air and contributes to surface and groundwater PFAS contamination in urban areas.
Efficient small-scale dynamo in solar convection zone
Creators: name: Hotta, H.
name: Rempel, M.
name: Yokoyama, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate small-scale dynamo action in the solar convection zone through a series of high resolution MHD simulations in a local Cartesian domain with 1$R_\odot$ (solar radius) of horizontal extent and a radial extent from 0.715 to 0.96$R_\odot$. The dependence of the solution on resolution and diffusivity is studied. For a grid spacing of less than 350 km, the root mean square magnetic field strength near the base of the convection zone reaches 95% of the equipartition field strength (i.e. magnetic and kinetic energy are comparable). For these solutions the Lorentz force feedback on the convection velocity is found to be significant. The velocity near the base of the convection zone is reduced to 50% of the hydrodynamic one. In spite of a significant decrease of the convection velocity, the reduction in the enthalpy flux is relatively small, since the magnetic field also suppresses the horizontal mixing of the entropy between up- and downflow regions. This effect increases the amplitude of the entropy perturbation and makes convective energy transport more efficient. We discuss potential implications of these results for solar global convection and dynamo simulations.
description: 46 pages, 25 figures, 1 table, accepted by ApJ
Competitive Solvation of (Bis)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Anion by Acetonitrile and Water
Creators: name: Chaban, Vitaly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Competitive solvation of an ion by two or more solvents is one of the key phenomena determining the identity of our world. Solvation in polar solvents frequently originates from non-additive non-covalent interactions. Pre-parametrized potentials poorly capture these interactions, unless the force field derivation is repeated for every new system. Development cost increases drastically as new chemical species are supplied. This work represents an alternative simulation approach, PM7-MD, by coupling the latest semiempirical parametrization, PM7, with equation-of-motion propagation scheme and temperature coupling. Using a competitive solvation of (bis)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion in acetonitrile and water, the work demonstrates efficiency and robustness of PM7-MD.
Universal transversal gates with color codes - a simplified approach
Creators: name: Kubica, Aleksander
name: Beverland, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a simplified, yet rigorous presentation of the ideas from Bombín's paper "Gauge Color Codes" [arXiv:1311.0879v3]. Our presentation is self-contained, and assumes only basic concepts from quantum error correction. We provide an explicit construction of a family of color codes in arbitrary dimensions and describe some of their crucial properties. Within this framework, we explicitly show how to transversally implement the generalized phase gate $R_n=\text{diag}(1,e^{2πi/2^n})$, which deviates from the method in "Gauge Color Codes", allowing an arguably simpler proof. We describe how to implement the Hadamard gate $H$ fault-tolerantly using code switching. In three dimensions, this yields, together with the transversal $CNOT$, a fault-tolerant universal gate set $\{H,CNOT,R_3\}$ without state-distillation.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Friction and wear of a spherical indenter under influence of out-of-plane ultrasonic oscillations
Creators: name: Milahin Natalie
name: Qiang, Li
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2015
Subjects: КОЭФФИЦИЕНТ ТРЕНИЯ СКОЛЬЖЕНИЯ
ИЗНОС
УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВЫЕ КОЛЕБАНИЯ
МЕТОД РЕДУКЦИИ РАЗМЕРНОСТИ
COEFFICIENT OF SLIDING FRICTION
WEAR
ULTRASONIC OSCILLATION
METHOD OF DIMENSIONALITY REDUCTION

description: This paper presents an experimental and theoretical investigation of friction and wear of a spherical indenter. With the pin-on-disc-tribometer the out-of-plane oscillations are applied to the sliding indenter. Oscillations lead to a decrease of the coefficient of friction, and this effect is also related to the sliding velocity and oscillation amplitude. During the sliding movement, the contact area of indenter increases due to the wear of material. This radius of the worn spherical cap is measured after each sliding period. It is found that the radius of the wear flat increases with sliding distance according to a power law with the power 1/4 and is independent of the sliding velocity. It further is practically insensitive to the presence of oscillations. A theoretical analysis and a numerical simulation based on the method of dimensionality reduction are carried out, both describing the experimental data very well.
Low Amplitude Hand Rest Tremor Assessment in Parkinson's Disease Based on Linear and Nonlinear Methods
Creators: name: Rabelo, Amanda
name: Folador, João Paulo
name: Bittar, Ana Paula
name: Maire, Luiza
name: Costa, Samila
name: Rueda, Alice
name: Krishnan, Sridhar
name: Lima, Viviane
name: M. A. Almeida, Rodrigo
name: O. Andrade, Adriano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Apresentação oral no Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia Biomédica 2020. Paper: Low Amplitude Hand Rest Tremor Assessment in Parkinson’s Disease Based on Linear and Nonlinear MethodsLow Amplitude Hand Rest Tremor Assessment in Parkinson’s Disease Based on Linear and Nonlinear Methods
Normal contact problem between a cylindrical indenter and a half-space with long-range adhesion: study with the method of dimensionality reduction
Creators: name: Victorovich Dimaki Andrey
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2015
Subjects: АДГЕЗИОННЫЕ СИЛЫ
РЕДУКЦИЯ РАЗМЕРНОСТИ
ОСЕСИММЕТРИЧНЫЙ КОНТАКТ
ADHESION FORCES
DIMENSIONALITY REDUCTION
AXIALLY SYMMETRIC CONTACT

description: Adhesive contact with exponential adhesive interaction is simulated with the use of the method of dimensionality reduction. The developed procedure is illustrated with an example of adhesion of a cylindrical punch and an elastic half space. However, it is general and can be used for any form of interaction potential and any form of indenter.
To Beta or Not To Beta: Information Bottleneck for DigitaL Image Forensics
Creators: name: Ghosh, Aurobrata
name: Zhong, Zheng
name: Cruz, Steve
name: Veeravasarapu, Subbu
name: Boult, Terrance E
name: Singh, Maneesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider an information theoretic approach to address the problem of identifying fake digital images. We propose an innovative method to formulate the issue of localizing manipulated regions in an image as a deep representation learning problem using the Information Bottleneck (IB), which has recently gained popularity as a framework for interpreting deep neural networks. Tampered images pose a serious predicament since digitized media is a ubiquitous part of our lives. These are facilitated by the easy availability of image editing software and aggravated by recent advances in deep generative models such as GANs. We propose InfoPrint, a computationally efficient solution to the IB formulation using approximate variational inference and compare it to a numerical solution that is computationally expensive. Testing on a number of standard datasets, we demonstrate that InfoPrint outperforms the state-of-the-art and the numerical solution. Additionally, it also has the ability to detect alterations made by inpainting GANs.
description: 10 pages
Lifshitz effects on holographic $p$-wave superfluid
Creators: name: Wu, Ya-Bo
name: Lu, Jun-Wang
name: Zhang, Cheng-Yuan
name: Zhang, Nan
name: Zhang, Xue
name: Yang, Zhuo-Qun
name: Wu, Si-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the probe limit, we numerically build a holographic $p$-wave superfluid model in the four-dimensional Lifshitz black hole coupled to a Maxwell-complex vector field. We observe the rich phase structure and find that the Lifshitz dynamical exponent $z$ contributes evidently to the effective mass of the matter field and dimension of the gravitational background. Concretely, we obtain the Cave of Winds appeared only in the five-dimensional anti-de Sitter~(AdS) spacetime, and the increasing $z$ hinders not only the condensate but also the appearance of the first-order phase transition. Furthermore, our results agree with the Ginzburg-Landau results near the critical temperature. In addition, the previous AdS superfluid model is generalized to the Lifshitz spacetime.
description: 14 pages,5 figures, and 1 table, accepted by Phys. Lett. B
Безызносный нанодвигатель на основе знакопеременного качения
Creators: name: Wetter Robbin
name: Popov Valentin, L.
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2015
Subjects: АКТУАТОР ПРЕРЫВИСТОГО СКОЛЬЖЕНИЯ
НАНОДВИГАТЕЛЬ
ФРИКЦИОННЫЙ ИНЕРЦИОННЫЙ АКТУАТОР
МЕТОД РЕДУКЦИИ РАЗМЕРНОСТИ
ЗНАКОПЕРЕМЕННОЕ КАЧЕНИЕ
УПРУГИЙ КОНТАКТ КАЧЕНИЯ
STICK-SLIP ACTUATORS
NANODRIVES
FRICTION INERTIAL ACTUATORS
METHOD OF DIMENSIONALITY REDUCTION
OSCILLATING ROLLING
ELASTIC ROLLING CONTACT

description: In this article we introduce a promising new concept for a high precision actuator. It is based on inertia effects and oscillating rolling. A sphere acts as the drive and is pressed on a movable substrate that acts as the runner. A combination of oscillating translation and rotation of the sphere induces motion of the runner. A varying normal force leads to varying indentation depth and contact area. This asymmetry together with the inertia of the runner enables accurate control of its displacement. As slip is completely omitted here, in theory the actuator works principally wearless. We use the method of dimensionality reduction to conduct a quasistatic numerical simulation of the system. In addition we derive analytical expressions for the steady working points of the system that are in perfect agreement with the simulation results.
Attenuation of testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia with Andrographis paniculata (burm.f.) leaf extract in Wistar rats
Creators: name: Etti, Imaobong Christopher
name: Unoh, Erimimoh Eba
name: Akpan, Mary Richard
name: Umanah, Ubong Uduak
name: Agbonika, Rebecca Emmanuel
name: Kadir, Arifah Abdul
name: Nwafor, Chukwuemeka
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees has been used traditionally in treating many diseases. This study investigated its potential to attenuate benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in male rats. Rats were castrated, divided into five groups and orally treated for 14 days with: normal saline,10 mg/kg testosterone propionate sc, finasteride (0.5 mg/kg), 500 mg, and 1500 mg/kg of Andrographis paniculata. Relative prostate weights, the correlation between prostatic index and volume and the prostates’ histopathology as well as Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) were evaluated. Following treatment with Andrographis paniculata, the prostate weights were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) and the lost correlation observed in the untreated group was restored. Histopathological assessment showed reduced epithelial hyperplasia following treatment with a resultant thin layer of epithelial cells, similar to the healthy normal control group. The level of PSA was also reduced. Andrographis paniculata, thus, has the potential to inhibit the proliferation observed in testosterone-induced BPH.
A Guide to Forensic Fractography of Bone
Creators: name: Christensen, Angi M.
name: Isa, Mariyam I.
name: Smith, Michael A.
name: Hefner, Joseph T.
name: Berryman, Hugh E.
name: Saginor, Ian S.
name: Webb, Jodi B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: fractography
anthropology
skeletal trauma

description: The purpose of this guide is to familiarize the user with the science of fractography and how it can be used to examine and interpret skeletal fractures. Moreover, this guide will acquaint readers with the tools and equipment needed to effectively apply fractography to bone. Most of all, this guide aims to demonstrate that with a bit of background information, a few basic tools, and a little practice, fractography can be used to enhance the anthropologist’s understanding of trauma events and thereby improve the quality of their forensic products.
Cyclic Permutations: Degrees and Combinatorial Types
Creators: name: Zakeri, Saeed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This note will give an enumeration of $n$-cycles in the symmetric group ${\mathcal S}_n$ by their degree (also known as their cyclic descent number) and studies similar counting problems for the conjugacy classes of $n$-cycles under the action of the rotation subgroup of ${\mathcal S}_n$. This is achieved by relating such cycles to periodic orbits of an associated dynamical system acting on the circle. We also compute the mean and variance of the degree of a random $n$-cycle and show that its distribution is asymptotically normal as $n \to \infty$.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures. Mildly edited with updated section 4 and figure 1. To appear in J. Comb. Theory Ser. A
Simulation of frictional energy dissipation in a fiber contact subjected to normal and tangential oscillation
Creators: name: Jie, Zhang
name: Butz Adam
name: Qiang, Li
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2015
Subjects: ДИССИПАЦИЯ ЭНЕРГИИ ТРЕНИЯ
КОНТАКТ ВОЛОКОН
МЕТОД РЕДУКЦИИ РАЗМЕРНОСТИ
КОЭФФИЦИЕНТ ТРЕНИЯ
FRICTIONAL ENERGY DISSIPATION
FIBER CONTACT
METHOD OF DIMENSIONALITY REDUCTION
COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION

description: This paper presents a numerical study on the frictional contact between two crossed fibers subject to both normal and tangential oscillation. The results from simulation using the method of dimensionality reduction show that the frictional energy dissipation increases firstly with coefficient of friction, and then almost symmetrically decreases to a constant. The fiber aspect ratio has an important effect on the energy dissipation and this effect becomes more significant for larger coefficient of friction. The simulation results for very large coefficient of friction show a good agreement with the analytical solution for the case of infinite coefficient of friction.