cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Morpho-physiological alteration in common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] subjected to limited irrigation and light condition
Creators: name: Adamipour, N.
name: Salehi, H.
name: Khosh-Khui, M.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2017

description: Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) is the most popular warm-season turfgrass used in warm climatic regions of the world due to its recuperative ability, high traffic tolerance, heat tolerance, and relative drought and salt tolerance. However, shade is a microenvironment in which bermudagrass performs poorly. In order to evaluate the interaction of photoperiod and irrigation on [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. California Origin], a greenhouse experiment was conducted at the Research Greenhouse of the Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. The experiment was conducted with four field capacity regimes (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) and three light durations (8, 12 and 16 h) in a completely randomized design factorial arrangements with four replications. Results showed that decreasing field capacity and photoperiod decreased fresh and dry weights shoot and root, chlorophyll and starch contents and superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities. Decreasing the field capacity and light duration increased proline content. Reducing sugars and peroxidase enzyme in leaves increased with decreasing field capacity. Shoot height and leaf area increased by shortening the photoperiod. In overall, results showed that, the increase in irrigation alleviates the destructive effects of reduced day lengths and vice versa. Further studies are needed to clarify more the interaction between irrigation and light treatments at structural and ultrastructural levels, in common bermudagrass.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 30 No 3 (2016)
Salicylic acid at different plant growth stages affects secondary metabolites and phisico-chemical parameters of greenhouse tomato
Creators: name: Javanmardi, J.
name: Akbari, N.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2017

description: Most of the researches on Salicylic acid (SA) have focused on postharvest application or acquiring stress resistance, while studies on its effect on plant growth, secondary metabolites and fruit quality are limited. SA as foliar application (0, 150, 300 and 450 mg/L) at different plant growth stages on fruit yield, secondary metabolites and quality features of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Kardelen) under greenhouse conditions were evaluated. The highest fruit yield per plant (about 1.3-fold greater than control) was obtained from 300 mg/L SA when applied three weeks after fruit set. Comparing to control plants, the highest fruit firmness, 10 days prolonged storability, highest total phenolics (22.6 mg gallic acid equivalent per 100 g fw); and highest antioxidant activity (65.11) were observed when 450 mg/L SA applied at fruiting stage and 3 weeks later. An increasing pattern in ascorbic acid content was observed with increasing SA concentration irrespective to application time. The same concentration effect was observed in flavonoid content when plants treated at 3 weeks after fruiting. The highest effect of flavonoids on antioxidant activity was calculated using Pearson correlation (r=0.82). SA concentrations greater than 450 mg/L showed significant adverse effects on all measured traits. The effect of exogenous SA on tomato plant depends on the developmental stage and SA concentrations tested. Improved fruit quality factors may happen in a certain concentration range, while over that may have negative or adverse effect.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 30 No 3 (2016)
Effect of pre- and postharvest salicylic acid treatment on quality characteristics of tomato during cold storage
Creators: name: Baninaiem, E.
name: Mirzaaliandastjerdi, A.M.
name: Rastegar, S.
name: Abbaszade, Kh.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2017

description: Nowadays, there is a considerable tendency to replace dangerous chemicals with natural compounds, compatible with plant, human, and nature. This study was aimed to assess the effect of salicylic acid on quality and storage life of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Baraka). The salicylic acid application was including plant foliar application three weeks before harvest at concentration 4 mM, followed by the postharvest dipping fruits in salicylic acid at different concentrations (1, 2, 4 mM), then storing at 10°C for 40 days to investigate quantitative and qualitative characteristics. The chilling injury symptoms, electrolyte leakage, decay and a* (redness) value significantly decreased and activity ascorbate peroxidase increased. Ascorbic acid content, total soluble solid, titratable acidity, firmness, and L* (lightness) retained by salicylic acid treatments. The salicylic acid application had no significant influence on weight loss and b*. Application of salicylic acid in all concentrations, especially a combination of treatments preharvest to concentrations 4 mM as well as postharvest 4 mM, had the highest influence on qualitative and quantitative characteristics and increased the postharvest life of the tomato fruit.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 30 No 3 (2016)
Synchronization Lower Bounds the Efficiency of Near-Degenerate Thermal Machines
Creators: name: Murtadho, Taufiq
name: Thingna, Juzar
name: Vinjanampathy, Sai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relationship between quantum synchronization and the thermodynamic performance of a four-level near-degenerate extension of the Scovil-Schulz Dubois thermal maser. We show how the existence of interacting coherences can potentially modify the relationship between synchronization and the coherent power output of such a maser. In particular, the cooperation and competition between interacting coherences, causes the coherent heat and efficiency to be bounded by the synchronization measure in addition to the well-studied power synchronization bound. Overall, our results highlight the role of quantum synchronization in the working of a thermal machine.
description: 12 Pages, Comments welcome
Social Movement Participation and Social Protest in Georgia
Creators: name: ZHGHENTI, NINO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: There is a long-lasting debate on reasons and causes of social movement participation. Scholars suggest different explanations from the perspective of one or another theory. However, the theoretical and empirical fact is that there is a dearth of sociological literature on systematic, integrated approach covering multiple factors from different levels of movement participation. To address this problem and contribute to the comprehensive multifactored Model, the objective of this paper is to develop a Model of movement participation, which is based on theoretical and empirical analysis. In the framework of this paper a Model of movement participation is developed which further is tested in Georgian social protests in a particular period. In this way the generated and further developed Model is not only analyzed in context of the corresponding literature but also examined in a practical setting. Due to novelty of the study, qualitative approach has been applied. Overall, research proved theoretical and empirical application of the Model(s). The study is an important contribution to the sociological literature on social movements.
(100843) William Edward Binning
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
THE MIGRANT CRISIS AND PHILOSOPHY OF MIGRATION: REALITY, REALISM, ETHICS
Creators: name: MAZZOLA, DARIO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2018

description: "The Migrant Crisis and Philosophy of Migration: Reality, Realism, Ethics" is a PhD thesis by Dario Mazzola in the field of Moral and Political Philosophy, Ethics of Migration. The thesis is divided into an introduction, three main sections, two appendixes and general conclusions. The introduction presents the extent, the tradition, and the relevance of philosophy of migration and refuge, on both analytic and historical standpoints. The main body of the thesis is devoted to characterizing and criticizing the migrant crisis, to elaborate a suitable theory to deal with it normatively, and then to defend the right to free movement or open borders in the face of realistic and nationalistic objections. The two appendixes reinforce the argument, while the conclusions resume it and broadly show its implications on methodology and substantial political issues. Chapter one, which constitutes section I, is devoted to the migrant crisis and reconstructs the main problems and dynamics which constitute the phenomenon, mainly by drawing on critical and empirical literature. Chapter II and III, which compose the second section on realism, deal with the tradition of realism and the attempt at elaborating a realistic theory from within migration ethics respectively. Chapter IV and V, the most purely normative component of the thesis, defend the open-borders ideal in the light of the previous presentation of the subject-matter and of the main methodological problems. This is done by reconstructing the critiques to freedom of movement advanced by realists, proponents of freedom of association, and liberal nationalist most relevantly. In conclusion, a threefold ethical arguments defend the right to migration: the presumptive favor for liberty over restrictions, an extended version of the classic open-borders overlapping consesus between main ethical standpoints, and an argument for the integration of the right to free movement with human rights in general. The import and implications of the thesis are read and constrained in the realist(ic) way descrived in section II. Appendix I changes the perspective on the migrant crisis from the abstract to the personal and individual, and does so by showing the relevance of refugee stories to restore empathy and, by doing this, to strengthen social solidarity. Appendix II deepens the thesis that natural law theory would be comprehended within the pro open-borders consensus. In conclusion, with the same qualifications which hold for any other right, and while recognizing its subordination to more fundamental ones such as rights to life or to personal liberty and security, the right to free movement is analyzed, vindicated, and defended, even in the face of the migrant crisis.
Relativistic and nonrelativistic annihilation of dark matter: a sanity check using an effective field theory approach
Creators: name: Cannoni, Mirco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find an exact formula for the thermally averaged cross section times the relative velocity $\langle σv_{\text{rel}} \rangle$ with relativistic Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics. The formula is valid in the effective field theory approach when the masses of the annihilation products can be neglected compared with the dark matter mass and cut-off scale. The expansion at $x=m/T\gg 1$ directly gives the nonrelativistic limit of $\langle σv_{\text{rel}}\rangle$ which is usually used to compute the relic abundance for heavy particles that decouple when they are nonrelativistic. We compare this expansion with the one obtained by expanding the total cross section $σ(s)$ in powers of the nonrelativistic relative velocity $v_r$. We show the correct invariant procedure that gives the nonrelativistic average $\langle σ_{nr} v_r \rangle_{nr}$ coinciding with the large $x$ expansion of $\langle σv_{\text{rel}}\rangle$ in the comoving frame. We explicitly formulate flux, cross section, thermal average, collision integral of the Boltzmann equation in an invariant way using the true relativistic relative $v_\text{rel}$, showing the uselessness of the Møller velocity and further elucidating the conceptual and numerical inconsistencies related with its use.
description: 10 pages, two columns, 3 figures. v3: published version
Use of Fenofibrate in Asparaginase-Induced Hypertriglyceridemia in Children with ALL: a Case Series
Creators: name: Therrien, Roxane
name: Barret, Pierre
name: Robitaille, Marthe
name: Mohghrabi, Albert
Publisher: name: Unité de recherche en pratique pharmaceutique
Year: 2013
Subjects: Série de cas
Fénofibrate
Leucémie
Leucémie lymphoblastique aïgue
Hypertriglycémie
Pédiatrie
Hématologie-oncologie

description: Leukemia patients receiving asparaginase sometime develop hypertriglyceridemia requiring delays in therapy despite severe hypolipidic diet. This paper reports on the use of fenofibrate in ten pediatric patients with ALL. Fenofibrate was tried in order to improve quality of life, avoid delays in therapy and pursue optimal treatment of ALL despite the lack of information on this treatment. Before adding the fenofibrate, the average triglyceridemia for these patients was a median 4.60 mmol/L, and it was reduced to 3.07 mmol/L after fenofibrate. The average reduction was of 31%. This response is comparable to other studies using fenofibrate in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia in children in general. Our results shows the efficacy of fenofibrate in reducing hypertriglyceridemia secondary to asparaginase in pediatric ALL patients.
(100844) Alfred John Paul
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Faint Young Sun Paradox in the Context of Modern Cosmology
Creators: name: Dumin, Yurii V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Faint Young Sun Paradox comes from the fact that solar luminosity (2-4)x10^9 years ago was insufficient to support the Earth's temperature necessary for the efficient development of geological and biological evolution (particularly, for the existence of considerable volumes of liquid water). It remains unclear by now if the so-called greenhouse effect on the Earth can resolve this problem. An interesting alternative explanation was put forward recently by M.Krizek (New Ast. 2012, 17, 1), who suggested that planetary orbits expand with time due to the local Hubble effect, caused by the uniformly-distributed Dark Energy. Then, under a reasonable value of the local Hubble constant, it is easy to explain why the Earth was receiving an approximately constant amount of solar irradiation for a long period in the past and will continue to do so for a quite long time in future.
description: LaTeX2e, 5 pages, 1 EPS figure; talk presented at the Interdisciplinary Colloquium on Cosmic Factors of Evolution of the Biosphere and Geosphere (Moscow, May 21-23, 2014)
Entanglement properties of a quantum-dot biexciton cascade in a chiral nanophotonic waveguide
Creators: name: González-Ruiz, Eva M.
name: Østfeldt, Freja T.
name: Uppu, Ravitej
name: Lodahl, Peter
name: Sørensen, Anders S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the entanglement properties of deterministic path-entangled photonic states generated by coupling the emission of a quantum-dot biexciton cascade to a chiral nanophotonic waveguide, as implemented by Østfeldt et al. [PRX Quantum 3, 020363 (2022)]. We model the degree of entanglement through the concurrence of the two-photon entangled state in the presence of realistic experimental imperfections. The model accounts for imperfect chiral emitter-photon interactions in the waveguide and the asymmetric coupling of the exciton levels introduced by fine-structure splitting along with time-jitter in the detection of photons. The analysis shows that the approach offers a promising platform for deterministically generating entanglement in integrated nanophotonic systems in the presence of realistic experimental imperfections.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
title: Comparison of General Chest CT examinations performed across 27 departments in nine countries and with 14 different CT models from three vendors
Creators: name: Katsari, Katia
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Lung
subject: Action 2 - Clinical diagnostic reference levels (DRLs)
subject: Action 3 - Optimisation, diagnostic reference levels, image quality
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Background/Introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and Recommendations Personal/Organisational information References
description: Background/Introduction: Technological developments in Computed Tomography (CT) in the last two decades have resulted in a continuing increase of the number of examinations performed. The contribution to the annual cumulative effective dose by CT examinations has also...
(100841) Henry Fitzhardinge Price
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Unified Model for a Nonlinear Pulse Propagation in Composites and Optimization of THz Generation
Creators: name: Husakou, Anton
name: Fedotova, Olga
name: Rusetsky, Ryhor
name: Khasanov, Oleg
name: Smirnova, Tatsiana
name: Fedotov, Alexander
name: Apostolova, Tzveta
name: Babushkin, Ihar
name: Sapaev, Usman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a unified numerical model which allows fast and accurate simulation of nonlinear light propagation in nanoparticle composites, including various effects such as group velocity dispersion, second- and third-order nonlinearity, quasi-free-carrier formation and plasma contribution, exciton dynamics, scattering and so on. The developed software package SOLPIC is made available for the community. Using this model, we analyze and optimize efficient generation of THz radiation by two-color pulses in ZnO/fused silica composite, predicting an efficiency of 3\%. We compare the role of various nonlinear effects contributing to the frequency conversion, and show that optimum conditions of THz generation differ from those expected intuitively.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, corrected several typos and missing "a"/"the", make unified reference style, introduced one abbreviation to improve readability
(100842) Edward Bagehot Kite
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: ESR iGuide implementation in Sweden - a pilot study
Creators: name: Stahlbrandt, Henrietta
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Radiation safety
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Acceptance testing
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Management
subject: eHealth
subject: Action 1 - Guidelines, implementation policies, and Clinical Decision Support (ESR iGuide)
subject: Action 1 - Clinical decision support, clinical imaging guidelines
subject: Quality assurance

description: Background/Introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and Recommendations Personal/Organisational information References
description: Background/Introduction: The EU Council Directive 2013/59/Euratom states in article 58c that referral guidelines for medical imaging, taking into account radiation doses, shall be available to referring physicians by February 2018 in all member states. Currently clinical...
Generalized Geometric Quantum Speed Limits
Creators: name: Pires, Diego Paiva
name: Cianciaruso, Marco
name: Céleri, Lucas C.
name: Adesso, Gerardo
name: Soares-Pinto, Diogo O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The attempt to gain a theoretical understanding of the concept of time in quantum mechanics has triggered significant progress towards the search for faster and more efficient quantum technologies. One of such advances consists in the interpretation of the time-energy uncertainty relations as lower bounds for the minimal evolution time between two distinguishable states of a quantum system, also known as quantum speed limits. We investigate how the non uniqueness of a bona fide measure of distinguishability defined on the quantum state space affects the quantum speed limits and can be exploited in order to derive improved bounds. Specifically, we establish an infinite family of quantum speed limits valid for unitary and nonunitary evolutions, based on an elegant information geometric formalism. Our work unifies and generalizes existing results on quantum speed limits, and provides instances of novel bounds which are tighter than any established one based on the conventional quantum Fisher information. We illustrate our findings with relevant examples, demonstrating the importance of choosing different information metrics for open system dynamics, as well as clarifying the roles of classical populations versus quantum coherences, in the determination and saturation of the speed limits. Our results can find applications in the optimization and control of quantum technologies such as quantum computation and metrology, and might provide new insights in fundamental investigations of quantum thermodynamics.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures. Close to published version
Neural Tube Defects and Maternal Folate Intake Among Pregnancies Conceived After Folic Acid Fortification in the United States
Creators: name: Mosley, Bridget S.
name: Werler, Martha M.
name: Waller, D. Kim
name: Hobbs, Charlotte A.
name: Shaw, Gary M.
name: Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
name: Canfield, Mark A.
name: Cleves, Mario A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Rates of neural tube defects have decreased since folic acid fortification of the food supply in the United States. The authors’ objective was to evaluate the associations between neural tube defects and maternal folic acid intake among pregnancies conceived after fortification. This is a multicenter, case-control study that uses data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1998–2003. Logistic regression was used to compute crude and adjusted odds ratios between cases and controls assessing maternal periconceptional use of folic acid and intake of dietary folic acid. Among 180 anencephalic cases, 385 spina bifida cases, and 3, 963 controls, 21.1%, 25.2%, and 26.1%, respectively, reported periconceptional use of folic acid supplements. Periconceptional supplement use did not reduce the risk of having a pregnancy affected by a neural tube defect. Maternal intake of dietary folate was not significantly associated with neural tube defects. In this study conducted among pregnancies conceived after mandatory folic acid fortification, the authors found little evidence of an association between neural tube defects and maternal folic acid intake. A possible explanation is that folic acid fortification reduced the occurrence of folic acid-sensitive neural tube defects. Further investigation is warranted to possibly identify women who remain at increased risk of preventable neural tube defects.
title: Intelligent Global Maximum Power Point Tracking Strategies Based on Shading Perception for Photovoltaic Systems
Creators: name: Bi, Ziqiang
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2021

description: When a Photovoltaic (PV) system is partially shaded in the environment, the current-voltage (I-V) and power-voltage (P-V) curves exhibit multiple stairs/peaks and the locus of Maximum Power Point (MPP) varies over a wide range. Such Partial Shading Conditions (PSC) bring challenges to the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) systems. This thesis presents some novel shading information to characterize the complex PSC and MPPT techniques based on the shading perception. Shading information is the mathematical indicator to express the shading patterns. The existing shading information, such as shading rate and shading strength, has the limitations that they can only characterize the PSC with two irradiation levels. To improve the application range of the shading information, the shading matrix and shading vector are proposed in this thesis. The identification and detection methods for the proposed shading information are also included. Results from simulations and experiments have shown the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed shading detection methods. Under PSC, the power characteristics of the PV systems are too complicated that there exist multiple MPPs. The traditional MPPT techniques may be trapped in the Local MPPs (LMPPs) instead of the Global MPP (GMPP). In this thesis, some novel methods are proposed to estimate the GMPP location from the detected shading information. The proposed MPPT techniques based on the shading perception are capable of tracking the GMPP fast and accurately. Simulations and experiments are conducted to validate the performance of the proposed MPPT methods with the comparison with some well-known MPPT methods.
SHORT-TERM DIABETES IN THE BRAIN: EFFECTS ON NEUROACTIVE STEROIDS, CHOLESTEROL HOMEOSTASIS, AND MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTIONALITY
Creators: name: ROMANO, SIMONE
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2017

description: Diabetes may induce neurophysiological and structural changes in the central nervous system (i.e., diabetic encephalopathy). Neuroactive steroids (i.e. molecules derived from cholesterol which exert their actions in the nervous system directly or after metabolization) are key regulators of the central nervous system and are affected in several neuropathological disorders. As previously observed by our laboratory, three months of diabetes modifies the levels of neuroactive steroids in different brain regions of an experimental model of diabetic rat (i.e. raised diabetic by streptozotocin). On this basis, we explored whether neuroactive steroid levels may be already affected after one month (i.e., a period in which diabetic encephalopathy is already apparent), in two brain regions such as hippocampus and cerebral cortex. By liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis we observed that the levels of several neuroactive steroids, such as pregnenolone, progesterone and its metabolites (i.e., tetrahydroprogesterone and isopregnanolone), testosterone and its metabolites (i.e., dihydrotestosterone and 3?-diol) in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex were altered. Interestingly these brain changes were not fully reflected by the plasma level changes, suggesting that early phase of diabetes directly affects steroidogenesis and/or steroid metabolism in these brain areas. To further explore this finding we analyzed crucial steps of the steroidogenic machinery, like for instance the gene expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (i.e., molecule involved in the translocation of cholesterol into mitochondria) and cytochrome P450 side chain cleavage (i.e., enzyme converting cholesterol into pregnenolone). In addition, we analyzed cholesterol homeostasis (i.e., synthesis, trafficking and metabolism) as well as mitochondrial functionality, a key organelle in which the limiting step of neuroactive steroid synthesis takes place. Data obtained indicate that short-term diabetes alters steroidogenic machinery (e.g. Star and P450scc) in the hippocampus. On the contrary, in the cerebral cortex only the gene expression of StAR was down-regulated by short-term diabetes after one month, while P450scc remained unchanged. In addition, an impairment of cholesterol homeostasis as well as mitochondrial dysfunction, even if with different characteristics, was present in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. In conclusion, data here reported indicate that short-term diabetes modifies the levels of neuroactive steroids in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. These changes, depending on the brain structures considered, are associated with alteration of steroidogenic machinery, cholesterol homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction.
title: Analysis and optimization of dose relevant parameters of mammographic examinations with ionizing radiation
Creators: name: Verius, Michael
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Physics
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Mammography
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Breast
subject: Action 8 - Radiation protection training and learning material
subject: Action 2 - Clinical diagnostic reference levels (DRLs)
subject: Action 6 - Education and training in medical radiation protection
subject: Action 3 - Optimisation, diagnostic reference levels, image quality
subject: Occupational / Environmental hazards
subject: Quality assurance

description: Background/Introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and Recommendations Personal/Organisational information References
description: Background/Introduction: Routinely DICOM data monitoring for optimization of dose relevant parameters of mammographic examinations with ionizing radiation has been performed and the relation of compression force, compression thickness, tube voltage and mean glandular dose...
Kondo Lattice Model of Magic-Angle Twisted-Bilayer Graphene: Hund's Rule, Local-Moment Fluctuations, and Low-Energy Effective Theory
Creators: name: Hu, Haoyu
name: Bernevig, B. Andrei
name: Tsvelik, Alexei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a generalized Schrieffer-Wolff transformation to the extended Anderson-like topological heavy fermion (THF) model for the magic-angle $(θ=1.05^{\circ})$ twisted bilayer graphene (MATBLG) (Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 047601 (2022)), to obtain its Kondo Lattice limit. In this limit localized $f$-electrons on a triangular lattice interact with topological conduction $c$-electrons. By solving the exact limit of the THF model, we show that the integer fillings $ν=0, \pm 1, \pm 2$ are controlled by the heavy $f$-electrons, while $ν= \pm 3$ is at the border of a phase transition between two $f$-electron fillings. For $ν=0, \pm 1, \pm 2$, we then calculate the RKKY interactions between the $f$-moments in the full model and analytically prove the SU(4) Hund's rule for the ground state which maintains that two $f$-electrons fill the same valley-spin flavor. Our (ferromagnetic interactions in the) spin model dramatically differ from the usual Heisenberg antiferromagnetic interactions expected at strong coupling. We show the ground state in some limits can be found exactly by employing a positive semidefinite "bond-operators" method. We then compute the excitation spectrum of the $f$-moments in the ordered ground state, prove the stability of the ground state favored by RKKY interactions, and discuss the properties of the Goldstone modes, the (reason for the accidental) degeneracy of (some of) the excitation modes, and the physics of their phase stiffness. We develop a low-energy effective theory for the $f$-moments and obtain analytic expressions for the dispersion of the collective modes. We discuss the relevance of our results to the spin-entropy experiments in twisted bilayer graphene.
description: 120 pages, 8 figures
title: UPDATE ON AFROSAFE-rad ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE SCOPE OF EuroSafe CALL FOR ACTION
Creators: name: Kawooya, Micheal
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Action 12 - Information for and communication with patients
subject: Action 2 - Clinical diagnostic reference levels (DRLs)
subject: Action 1 - Guidelines, implementation policies, and Clinical Decision Support (ESR iGuide)
subject: Action 11 - Improved patient communication
subject: Action 3 - Optimisation, diagnostic reference levels, image quality
subject: Action 1 - Clinical decision support, clinical imaging guidelines
subject: CT
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Quality assurance

description: Background/Introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and Recommendations Personal/Organisational information References
description: Background/Introduction: AFROSAFE RAD is a radiation safety campaign for the African continent, launched in Feb 2015, and domiciled under the umbrella of the African Society of Radiology (ASR). The mission of AFROSAFE is to promote a favorable benefit-risk ratio in the...
Orbiting Radiation Stars
Creators: name: Foster, Dean P.
name: Langford, John
name: Perez-Giz, Gabe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a numerical solution to Einstein's equation for a compact object composed of null particles. The solution avoids quantum scale regimes and hence neither relies upon nor ignores the interaction of quantum mechanics and gravitation. The solution exhibits a deep gravitational well yet remains singularity free. In fact, the solution is geometrically flat in the vicinity of the origin with the flat region being of any desirable scale. The solution is also observationally distinct from a black hole because a photon from infinity aimed at an object centered on the origin passes through the origin and escapes to infinity with a time delay.
description: Updated draft
title: Image quality comparison between digital breast tomosynthesis associated to synthesised image versus 2D FFDM
Creators: name: Fitton, Isabelle
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Radiation safety
subject: Physics
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast
subject: Action 3 - Image quality assessment based on clinical indications
subject: Action 2 - Clinical diagnostic reference levels (DRLs)
subject: Action 4 - Quality of radiological equipment
subject: Action 3 - Optimisation, diagnostic reference levels, image quality
subject: Image verification
subject: Quality assurance

description: Background/Introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and Recommendations Personal/Organisational information References
description: Background/Introduction: Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is a diagnosis modality improving breast cancer detection mainly in the case of tumor masses developed in dense breasts (1, 2, 3, 4). Synthesized C-View 2D images are generated from the 3D DBT data acquired during...
Persistent Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Neoplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Pimenta, Jeanne M.
name: Jenkins, David
name: Poole, Charles
name: Smith, Jennifer S.
name: Lindsay, Lisa
name: Koshiol, Jill
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Detection of persistent cervical carcinogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA is used as a marker for cervical cancer risk in clinical trials. The authors performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between persistent HPV DNA and high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2-3), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), and invasive cervical cancer (together designated CIN2-3/HSIL+) to evaluate the robustness of HPV persistence for clinical use. MEDLINE and Current Contents were searched through January 30, 2006. Relative risks (RRs) were stratified by HPV comparison group. Of 2,035 abstracts, 41 studies were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Over 22,500 women were included in calculation of RRs for persistent HPV DNA detection and cervical neoplasia. RRs ranged from 1.3 (95% confidence interval: 1.1, 1.5) to 813.0 (95% confidence interval: 168.2, 3,229.2) for CIN2-3/HSIL+ versus 12 months), wider testing intervals, CIN2-3/HSIL+, and use of an HPV-negative reference group were consistently associated with higher RRs. Thus, HPV persistence was consistently and strongly associated with CIN2-3/HSIL+, despite wide variation in definitions and study methods. The magnitude of association varied by duration of persistence and testing interval. Precise definition and standardization of HPV testing, sampling procedure, and test interval are needed for reliable clinical testing. These findings validate HPV persistence as a clinical marker and endpoint.
CORRUPTION, GOVERNANCE REFORM AND THE RULE OF LAW ORTHODOXY: RESOLVING UNSOLVED QUAGMIRES
Creators: name: ABOTSI, ERNEST KOFI
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2020

description: CORRUPTION, GOVERNANCE REFORM, AND THE RULE OF LAW ORTHODOXY: RESOLVING UNSOLVED QUAGMIRES Abstract As a quintessential governance vice, corruption remains endemic in Ghana. After years of sustained reforms within the governance architecture and the public services of Ghana generally, the pervasive persistence of corruption continues to pose puzzling questions bordering on the effectiveness of the governance reform agenda and the toolkits used in addressing the act in the country. Significantly in this context, the rule of law has emerged as the preeminent instrument of choice in the fight against corruption within the reform models adopted and this has resulted in the passage of legislations and establishment of legal institutions to deal with the menace of corruption. Central to this model is the assumption that, legal formalism is efficacious and has the capacity to rein in corrupt behavior regardless of the nuances and complexities of its manifestation. This supposition has clearly failed given the growing ubiquity of corruption in Ghana and the obvious failure of law and legal institutions to effectively combat, suppress and possibly eliminate the practice altogether from the body politic of the country. The implementation model of insular legal formalism of the rule of law adopted in Ghana clearly seem problematic and remains impotent in the face of the worsening situation of corruption in Ghana. In this work, I argue and demonstrate that the rule of law strategy or model adopted remains both ineffective and out of tune with the complicated realities of corruption in Ghana and that this explains the reason for the growing spate of corruption in Ghana. I conclude by recommending the adoption of a mixed multi-purpose model in which the use of the formalist version of the rule of law will be situated within a framework of softer regulatory and non-legal variables including the adoption of nudges.
title: Optimising patient dose in transarterial radioembolisation
Creators: name: Hughes, Peter
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Action 8 - Radiation protection training and learning material
subject: Action 2 - Clinical diagnostic reference levels (DRLs)
subject: Action 6 - Clinical audit tool for imaging
subject: Action 6 - Education and training in medical radiation protection
subject: Action 3 - Optimisation, diagnostic reference levels, image quality
subject: Action 2 - Clinical audit
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Embolisation
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Background/Introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and Recommendations Personal/Organisational information References
description: Background/Introduction: As the number and scope of procedures carried out by interventional radiologists expands year on year, so too does the complexity of these procedures. Increasing complexity in turn results in prolonged procedure and fluoroscopy time and inevitably...
LAW AND DATA SCIENCE: KNOWLEDGE MODELING AND EXTRACTION FROM COURT DECISIONS
Creators: name: FALDUTI, MATTIA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2021

description: In the era of big data, research activity on data science focuses on the collection, processing, and interpretation of large datasets to produce knowledge for decision-making processes in different application domains and contexts. The legal domain is one of these different domains and contexts where data science approaches can be applied. Indeed, thousands of legal documents are constantly produced by institutional bodies, such as Parliaments and Courts, where daily law and court decisions (CDs) are published. Both law and CDs constitute prominent sources of knowledge. Law is general by definition and adopts abstract terminology that creates areas of uncertainty, whereas CDs provide a lot of concrete information about the application of the law. For this reason, legal interpreters, such as judges, public prosecutors and lawyers, are daily involved in the analysis and evaluation of CDs, that currently is mostly run manually by domain experts. Knowledge extraction approaches have been applied to legal texts, but the literature confirms that the application of such techniques on CDs requires unique capabilities, due to the domain language and practice. More recently, many machine learning approaches applied on CDs datasets require expensive tasks of manual annotation, in terms of time, costs, expertise, and agreement, implying also several ethical issues. In the Thesis, we address these issues by proposing CRIKE (CRIme Knowledge Extraction) a data science approach conceived to support legal knowledge extraction from a corpus of CDs documents, based on a reference legal domain ontology (LATO). First, we introduce the legal knowledge model of LATO, that captures and conceptually formalizes the features and nature of terminology used in law and CDs as entities and relationships, implemented in LATO using SKOS. Then, we present CRIKE that aims to progressively enrich the knowledge specified in a reference LATO ontology by extracting new concrete terminology associated with legal ontology concepts, as it occurs in the corpus. Knowledge extraction in CRIKE is based on multi-label annotation techniques where the corpus of annotated CDs is built by relying on the ontology contents without the need of manual annotation. Information retrieval techniques are applied for discovering new terms to populate term-sets of legal concepts that have been recognized in the CD texts. To evaluate the results obtained through the CRIKE approach, we discuss experimental results of application of CRIKE to a dataset of 180,000 CDs of the State of Illinois taken from the Caselaw Access Project (CAP) that provides public access to U.S. CDs digitized from the collection of the Harvard Law Library. Finally, we discuss the applicability conditions and the ethical issues related to CRIKE access, storage and processing tasks.
Extracting parameters from Colour-Magnitude Diagrams
Creators: name: Bonatto, C.
name: Campos, F.
name: Kepler, S. O.
name: Bica, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple approach for obtaining robust values of astrophysical parameters from the observed colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of star clusters. The basic inputs are the Hess diagram built with the photometric measurements of a star cluster and a set of isochrones covering wide ranges of age and metallicity. In short, each isochrone is shifted in apparent distance modulus and colour excess until it crosses over the maximum possible Hess density. Repeating this step for all available isochrones leads to the construction of the solution map, in which the optimum values of age and metallicity - as well as foreground/background reddening and distance from the Sun - can be searched for. Controlled tests with simulated CMDs show that the approach is efficient in recovering the input values. We apply the approach to the open clusters M\,67, NGC\,6791, and NGC\,2635, which are characterised by different ages, metallicities and distances from the Sun.
description: Accepted by MNRAS
(100838) William C Gemmell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.