cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pantheon update on a model-independent analysis of cosmological supernova data
Creators: name: Çamlıbel, A. K.
name: Semiz, İ.
name: Feyizoğlu, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an update of our previous work, necessitated by availability of a significantly improved dataset. The work is a model-independent analysis of the cosmological supernova (Type Ia) data, where function families are fit to the data in form of luminosity distance as function of redshift, that is, $d_{L}(z)$; and subsequently time-derivatives of the scale function $a(t)$ are $analytically$ derived, but as functions of $z$, without making assumptions about of gravity or the contents of the universe. This gives, e.g. the redshift value at which the universe goes over from deceleration to acceleration, as $z_{t}=0.54 \pm 0.04$ for a flat universe. In the update, we switch to a more modern fit criterion and also take into account the uncertainty in the calibration of the SNIa luminosities. If a theory of gravity $is$ assumed, our results allow determination of the density of the universe as function of $z$, from which conclusions about the contents of the universe can be drawn. We update the previous work's result where this was done for Einstein gravity, finding a lower-limit on the dark energy fraction, $Ω_{DE}>0.46$; and here we do this also for Starobinsky gravity, where we can find a Starobinsky parameter that can eliminate the need for dark energy.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables. The authors promise to keep an expanded and continuously updated version of table 4 (calculations of the transition redshift in the literature) online for as long as possible and reasonable
Aspects of multimode Kerr ring-down fitting
Creators: name: Cook, Gregory B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A black hole that is ringing down to quiescence emits gravitational radiation of a very specific nature that can inform us of its mass and angular momentum, test the no-hair theorem for black holes, and perhaps even give us additional information about its progenitor system. This paper provides a detailed description of, and investigation into the behavior of, multimode fitting of the ring-down signal provided by numerical simulations. We find that there are at least three well-motivated multimode fitting schemes that can be used. These methods are tested against a specific numerical simulation to allow for comparison to prior work.
description: 31 pages, 48 figures, and 16 tables; added references in introduction; Fixed typos, errors in Eqs. 45-47, updated reference information; Fixed index error in Eq. 12
Drivers of Online Grocery Shopping
Creators: name: Etumnu, Chinonso E.
name: Foster, Kenneth A.
name: Widmar, Nicole Olynk
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Ortega, David L.
name: Etumnu, Chinonso E.
name: Foster, Kenneth A.
name: Widmar, Nicole Olynk
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Ortega, David L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Presentation ID 16006
Studies of Hadronic Event Structure in e+e- Annihilation from 30 GeV to 209 GeV with the L3 Detector
Creators: name: L3 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Report, QCD results obtained from a study of hadronic event structure in high energy e^+e^- interactions with the L3 detector are presented. The operation of the LEP collider at many different collision energies from 91 GeV to 209 GeV offers a unique opportunity to test QCD by measuring the energy dependence of different observables. The main results concern the measurement of the strong coupling constant, α_s, from hadronic event shapes and the study of effects of soft gluon coherence through charged particle multiplicity and momentum distributions.
description: To appear in Physics Reports
Quantum device fine-tuning using unsupervised embedding learning
Creators: name: van Esbroeck, N. M.
name: Lennon, D. T.
name: Moon, H.
name: Nguyen, V.
name: Vigneau, F.
name: Camenzind, L. C.
name: Yu, L.
name: Zumbühl, D. M.
name: Briggs, G. A. D.
name: Sejdinovic, D.
name: Ares, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum devices with a large number of gate electrodes allow for precise control of device parameters. This capability is hard to fully exploit due to the complex dependence of these parameters on applied gate voltages. We experimentally demonstrate an algorithm capable of fine-tuning several device parameters at once. The algorithm acquires a measurement and assigns it a score using a variational auto-encoder. Gate voltage settings are set to optimise this score in real-time in an unsupervised fashion. We report fine-tuning times of a double quantum dot device within approximately 40 min.
Low-Temperature Excitations of Dilute Lattice Spin Glasses
Creators: name: Boettcher, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new approach to exploring low-temperature excitations in finite-dimensional lattice spin glasses is proposed. By focusing on bond-diluted lattices just above the percolation threshold, large system sizes $L$ can be obtained which lead to enhanced scaling regimes and more accurate exponents. Furthermore, this method in principle remains practical for any dimension, yielding exponents that so far have been elusive. This approach is demonstrated by determining the stiffness exponent for dimensions $d=3$, $d=6$ (the upper critical dimension), and $d=7$. Key is the application of an exact reduction algorithm, which eliminates a large fraction of spins, so that the reduced lattices never exceed $\sim10^3$ variables for sizes as large as L=30 in $d=3$, L=9 in $d=6$, or L=8 in $d=7$. Finite size scaling analysis gives $y_3=0.24(1)$ for $d=3$, significantly improving on previous work. The results for $d=6$ and $d=7$, $y_6=1.1(1)$ and $y_7=1.24(5)$, are entirely new and are compared with mean-field predictions made for d>=6.
description: 7 pages, LaTex, 7 ps-figures included, added result for stiffness in d=7, as to appear in Europhysics Letters (see http://www.physics.emory.edu/faculty/boettcher/ for related information)
Farmers as suppliers of fish: Household seafood and aquaculture expenditure
Creators: name: Meng, Ting
name: Wang, Chunxiao
name: Florkowski, Wojciech J.
name: Yang, Zhenyong
name: Meng, Ting
name: Wang, Chunxiao
name: Florkowski, Wojciech J.
name: Yang, Zhenyong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Presentation ID 15548
Farm Animal Welfare Perceptions and Parent-Child Linkage in Dairy Consumption: Evidence from a Field Survey
Creators: name: Minegishi, Kota
name: Boaitey, Albert K.
name: Minegishi, Kota
name: Boaitey, Albert K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Presentation ID 15887
On the absence of symbiotic stars in globular clusters
Creators: name: Belloni, Diogo
name: Mikołajewska, Joanna
name: Iłkiewicz, Krystian
name: Schreiber, Matthias R.
name: Giersz, Mirek
name: Sandoval, Liliana E. Rivera
name: Rodrigues, Claudia V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Even though plenty of symbiotic stars (SySts) have been found in the Galactic field and nearby galaxies, not a single one has ever been confirmed in a Galactic globular cluster (GC). We investigate the lack of such systems in GCs for the first time by analysing 144 GC models evolved with the MOCCA code, which have different initial properties and are roughly representative of the Galactic GC population. We focus here on SySts formed through the wind-accretion channel, which can be consistently modelled in binary population synthesis codes. We found that the orbital periods of the majority of such SySts are sufficiently long (${\gtrsim10^3}$ d) so that, for very dense GC models, dynamical interactions play an important role in destroying their progenitors before the present day (${\sim11-12}$ Gyr). In less dense GC models, some SySts are still predicted to exist. However, these systems tend to be located far from the central parts (${\gtrsim70}$ per cent are far beyond the half-light radius) and are sufficiently rare (${\lesssim1}$ per GC per Myr), which makes their identification rather difficult in observational campaigns. We propose that future searches for SySts in GCs should be performed in the outskirts of nearby low-density GCs with sufficiently long half-mass relaxation times and relatively large Galactocentric distances. Finally, we obtained spectra of the candidate proposed in $ω$ Cen (SOPS IV e-94) and showed that this object is most likely not a SySt.
description: accepted by MNRAS, 12 pages
Winning back lapsed consumer for the generic food product
Creators: name: Chen, Lijun
name: Heng, Yan
name: House, Lisa A.
name: Chen, Lijun
name: Heng, Yan
name: House, Lisa A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Presentation ID 15914
A simple background-independent hamiltonian quantum model
Creators: name: Colosi, Daniele
name: Rovelli, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study formulation and probabilistic interpretation of a simple general-relativistic hamiltonian quantum system. The system has no unitary evolution in background time. The quantum theory yields transition probabilities between measurable quantities (partial observables). These converge to the classical predictions in the $\hbar\to 0$ limit. Our main tool is the kernel of the projector on the solutions of Wheeler-deWitt equation, which we analyze in detail. It is a real quantity, which can be seen as a propagator that propagates "forward" as well as "backward" in a local parameter time. Individual quantum states, on the other hand, may contain only "forward propagating" components. The analysis sheds some light on the interpretation of background independent transition amplitudes in quantum gravity.
Farm Labor Markets in the United States and Mexico Pose Challenges for U.S. Agriculture
Creators: name: Zahniser, Steven
name: Taylor, J. Edward
name: Hertz, Thomas
name: Charlton, Diane
name: Zahniser, Steven
name: Taylor, J. Edward
name: Hertz, Thomas
name: Charlton, Diane
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm labor
subject: immigration
subject: H-2A program
subject: United States
subject: Mexico

description: The U.S. farm labor market shows many signs of tightening, including producer reports of labor shortages, increases in farm wages, more employment of guest workers through the H-2A Temporary Agricultural Program, and a shrinking supply of farm labor from rural Mexico—the source of most foreign-born farm workers in the United States. Mexico’s farm labor market has also faced labor constraints over the past several decades. Although Mexican agricultural output continues to grow, rural Mexicans are less likely to work as farm workers either in Mexico or in the United States, as the Mexican economy transitions toward more focus on the service sector. This report reviews evidence showing that rising educational levels and increased nonfarm employment in Mexico are among the leading drivers of farm labor supply changes in that country. Several options by which U.S. agricultural employers could respond to a tighter labor market are explored, including raising wages, further mechanization, greater employment of guest workers, and switching to less labor-intensive crops.
SO(4) Theory of Competition between Triplet Superconductivity and Antiferromagnetism in Bechgaard Salts
Creators: name: Podolsky, Daniel
name: Altman, Ehud
name: Rostunov, Timofey
name: Demler, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experiments with Bechgaard salts, we investigate the competition between antiferromagnetism and triplet superconductivity in quasi one-dimensional electron systems. We unify the two orders in an SO(4) symmetric framework, and demonstrate the existence of such symmetry in one-dimensional Luttinger liquids. SO(4) symmetry, which strongly constrains the phase diagram, can explain coexistence regions between antiferromagnetic, superconducting, and normal phases, as observed in (TMTSF)$_2$PF$_6$. We predict a sharp neutron scattering resonance in superconducting samples.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; Added discussion of applicability of SO(4) symmetry for strongly anisotropic Fermi liquids; Added references
KI für Bildungszwecke: Brauchen wir ein Monitoring von KI-Tools und KI-Akteuren?
Creators: name: mmb Institut
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: KI-Campus
Künstliche Intelligenz
AI
Artificial Intelligence
Digitale Bildung
Lernangebote
OER
EdTech

description: Der KI-Campus ist ein vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) gefördertes F&E-Projekt. Der KI-Campus ist seit Juli 2020 als Beta-Version öffentlich verfügbar und wird kontinuierlich weiterentwickelt: www.ki-campus.org
The Hidden Geometry of Particle Collisions
Creators: name: Komiske, Patrick T.
name: Metodiev, Eric M.
name: Thaler, Jesse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish that many fundamental concepts and techniques in quantum field theory and collider physics can be naturally understood and unified through a simple new geometric language. The idea is to equip the space of collider events with a metric, from which other geometric objects can be rigorously defined. Our analysis is based on the energy mover's distance, which quantifies the "work" required to rearrange one event into another. This metric, which operates purely at the level of observable energy flow information, allows for a clarified definition of infrared and collinear safety and related concepts. A number of well-known collider observables can be exactly cast as the minimum distance between an event and various manifolds in this space. Jet definitions, such as exclusive cone and sequential recombination algorithms, can be directly derived by finding the closest few-particle approximation to the event. Several area- and constituent-based pileup mitigation strategies are naturally expressed in this formalism as well. Finally, we lift our reasoning to develop a precise distance between theories, which are treated as collections of events weighted by cross sections. In all of these various cases, a better understanding of existing methods in our geometric language suggests interesting new ideas and generalizations.
description: 56 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables; v2: minor changes and updated references; v3: updated to match JHEP version
Liquidity constraints, risk preferences and farmers’ willingness to participate in crop insurance programs in Ghana
Creators: name: Abdulai, Awudu
name: Goetz, Renan
name: Ali, Williams
name: Owusu, Victor
name: Abdulai, Awudu
name: Goetz, Renan
name: Ali, Williams
name: Owusu, Victor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Crop insurance
subject: risk preferences
subject: liquidity constraints
subject: cocoa

description: This paper analyzes smallholder farmers’ decisions to participate in crop insurance programs, using cross-sectional data from cocoa farmers in the Ashanti, Brong-Ahafo and Western Regions of Ghana. Given the significance of output uncertainty and imperfect capital and insurance markets, we develop a theoretical framework to show how risk preferences and liquidity constraints influence farmers’ crop insurance participation decisions. We use a stated preference approach to obtain information on farmers’ willingness to participate in crop insurance programs, and a discrete choice model to examine the factors that influence their participation decisions. We find that risk preferences and liquidity constraints influence farmers’ willingness to participate in crop insurance programs. The results also show that the probability of participating in crop insurance programs is higher for males, the more educated, and those who trust others. The levels of fertilizer and pesticide expenditure and the access to credit are also found to significantly influence the decision to adopt the programs.
Risk sensitive optimal stopping
Creators: name: Jelito, Damian
name: Pitera, Marcin
name: Stettner, Łukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we consider discrete and continuous time risk sensitive optimal stopping problem. Using suitable properties of the underlying Feller-Markov process we prove continuity of the optimal stopping value function and provide formula for the optimal stopping policy. Next, we show how to link continuous time framework with its discrete time analogue. By considering suitable approximations, we obtain uniform convergence of the corresponding value functions.
Optimal Free-Space Management and Routing-Conscious Dynamic Placement for Reconfigurable Devices
Creators: name: Ahmadinia, Ali
name: Bobda, Christophe
name: Fekete, Sandor
name: Teich, Juergen
name: van der Veen, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.1.3; F.2.2

description: We describe algorithmic results for two crucial aspects of allocating resources on computational hardware devices with partial reconfigurability. By using methods from the field of computational geometry, we derive a method that allows correct maintainance of free and occupied space of a set of n rectangular modules in optimal time Theta(n log n); previous approaches needed a time of O(n^2) for correct results and O(n) for heuristic results. We also show that finding an optimal feasible communication-conscious placement (which minimizes the total weighted Manhattan distance between the new module and existing demand points) can be computed in Theta(n log n). Both resulting algorithms are practically easy to implement and show convincing experimental behavior.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, 1, table; previous 5-page extended abstract appears in "International Conference on Field-Programmable Logic and Applications", 2004. New version is final journal version, to appear in IEEE Transactions on Computers
Basis light-front quantization approach to nucleon
Creators: name: Mondal, Chandan
name: Xu, Siqi
name: Lan, Jiangshan
name: Zhao, Xingbo
name: Li, Yang
name: Chakrabarti, Dipankar
name: Vary, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the light-front wavefunctions for the nucleon in the valence quark Fock space from an effective Hamiltonian, which includes the transverse and longitudinal confinement and the one-gluon exchange interaction with fixed coupling. The wavefunctions are generated by solving the eigenvalue equation in a basis light-front quantization. Fitting the model parameters, the wavefunctions lead to good simultaneous description of electromagnetic form factors, radii, and parton distribution functions for the proton.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. Talk presented at Light Cone 2019 - QCD on the light cone: from hadrons to heavy ions - LC2019. 16-20 September 2019. Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France. To be published in the conference proceedings
Additional file 1 of Influences of health facility type for delivery and experience of cesarean section on maternal and newborn postnatal care between birth and facility discharge in Malawi
Creators: name: Eunsoo Kim
name: Singh, Kavita
name: Speizer, Ilene
name: Lemani, Clara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Appendix Table. The effects of key predictors on receipt of cesarean section in Malawi, MDHS 2015â€“16.
Economics of the supply functions for pollination and honey: Marginal costs and supply elasticity
Creators: name: Sumner, Daniel
name: Champetier, Antoine
name: Sumner, Daniel
name: Champetier, Antoine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis

description: We report new data and estimates of beekeeper costs and revenues, which include data on each activity undertaken by honey producers and pollinators, including labor, transport costs and materials for pest and disease management. We use these data, recent surveys and USDA NASS information to develop and characterize supply functions for (1) pollination services to crops that bloom in the late winter (dominated by almonds) and (2) pollination services to crops that bloom in the spring, and (3) U.S.-produced honey. The positions and shapes of these supply functions are crucial to understanding how the honeybee industry will respond to changes in demand for pollination services, and other market conditions, including shifts in honey import supply, and forage availability affected by climate change.
The Gender Pay Gap in Academia: Evidence from The Ohio State University
Creators: name: Chen, Joyce J.
name: Crown, Daniel
name: Chen, Joyce J.
name: Crown, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: gender
subject: pay gap
subject: discrimination
subject: higher education

description: We utilize human resources data from The Ohio State University to assess the gender wage gap. We find a persistent gap of 11% among regular, tenure-track faculty, after accounting for fiscal year, ethnicity, clinical appointments, experience, and department. While the presence of a statistically significant gender wage gap is robust, the magnitude of the gap varies substantially depending on how the sample of interest is defined. In assessing gender wage gaps, researchers and universities must be attentive to issues of attrition and classification. Transparency about how estimates are affected by sample exclusions and variable definitions will yield insight into possible sources of gender bias.
Does Colony Loss Reduce Honey Yields?
Creators: name: Ferrier, Peyton
name: Ferrier, Peyton
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: pollinators
subject: honey
subject: productivity
subject: colony loss

description: While most agricultural goods is marked by increasing productivity, yields of honey measured in pounds produced per colony has fallen 29% since 2000. Throughout this period, both honey bee colony loss rates and pollination service income – the other main source of revenue for beekeepers – have also been high, suggesting a link between poor colony health and the long-distance movement and co-location of colonies in California to service its large and lucrative almond bloom. We use beekeepers survey data from USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service to estimate the response of honey yields to changes in the beekeeper’s colony loss rates and the beekeeper’s share of colonies moved to California for almond pollination while controlling for underlying beekeeper productivity differences using lagged and regional average yields as controls. We estimate that, on average, a 1 percentage point increase in the loss rate decreases honey yield by .362 pounds, but smaller beekeepers experience a greater yield reduction for a given loss rate than larger beekeepers. We also estimate that a 10 percentage point increase in beekeeper’s share of colonies moved to California in the almond pollination season decreases yield by 0.8 pounds.
Additional file 1 of High-resolution iris and retinal imaging in multisystemic smooth muscle dysfunction syndrome due to a novel Asn117Lys substitution in ACTA2: a case report
Creators: name: Glacken-Byrne, Aisling Mc
name: Prentice, David
name: Roshandel, Danial
name: Brown, Michael
name: Tuch, Philip
name: Yau, Kyle
name: Sivadorai, Padma
name: Davis, Mark
name: Laing, Nigel
name: Chen, Fred
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Material 1: Optical coherence tomography angiography. Supplementary Material 2: Adaptive optics vessel wall thickness measurement. Supplementary Material 3: Scatter plot of wall-to-lumen ration and wall cross-sectional area. Supplementary Material 4: Sequencing chromatogram of control and 4 family members. Supplementary Material 5: Pedigree showing variant segregation, ocular and cerebral phenotype. Supplementary Material 6: A table showing various phenotypes associated with substitution at or near residue 117 of Î±-smooth muscle actin.
Probabilistic Successor Representations with Kalman Temporal Differences
Creators: name: Geerts, Jesse P.
name: Stachenfeld, Kimberly L.
name: Burgess, Neil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The effectiveness of Reinforcement Learning (RL) depends on an animal's ability to assign credit for rewards to the appropriate preceding stimuli. One aspect of understanding the neural underpinnings of this process involves understanding what sorts of stimulus representations support generalisation. The Successor Representation (SR), which enforces generalisation over states that predict similar outcomes, has become an increasingly popular model in this space of inquiries. Another dimension of credit assignment involves understanding how animals handle uncertainty about learned associations, using probabilistic methods such as Kalman Temporal Differences (KTD). Combining these approaches, we propose using KTD to estimate a distribution over the SR. KTD-SR captures uncertainty about the estimated SR as well as covariances between different long-term predictions. We show that because of this, KTD-SR exhibits partial transition revaluation as humans do in this experiment without additional replay, unlike the standard TD-SR algorithm. We conclude by discussing future applications of the KTD-SR as a model of the interaction between predictive and probabilistic animal reasoning.
description: Conference on Cognitive Computational Neuroscience
Nonequilibrium Josephson effect in short-arm diffusive SNS interferometers
Creators: name: Bezuglyi, E. V.
name: Shumeiko, V. S.
name: Wendin, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-equilibrium Josephson effect and phase-dependent conductance in three-terminal diffusive interferometers with short arms. We consider strong proximity effect and investigate an interplay of dissipative and Josephson currents co-existing within the same proximity region. In junctions with transparent interfaces, the suppression of the Josephson current appears at rather large voltage, $eV\sim Δ$, and the current vanishes at $eV\geqΔ$. Josephson current inversion becomes possible in junctions with resistive interfaces, where the inversion occurs within a finite interval of the applied voltage. Due to the presence of considerably large and phase-dependent injection current, the critical current measured in a current biased junction does not coincide with the maximum Josephson current, and remains finite when the true Josephson current is suppressed. The voltage dependence of the conductance shows two pronounced peaks, at the bulk gap energy, and at the proximity gap energy; the phase oscillation of the conductance exhibits qualitatively different form at small voltage $eVΔ$.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, revised version, to be published in Phys. Rev. B
The SDSS Damped Lya Survey: Data Release 1
Creators: name: Prochaska, Jason X.
name: Herbert-Fort, Stephane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results from an automated search for damped Lya (DLA) systems in the quasar spectra of Data Release 1 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-DR1). At z~2.5, this homogeneous dataset has greater statistical significance than the previous two decades of research. We derive a statistical sample of 71 damped Lya systems (>50 previously unpublished) at z>2.1 and measure HI column densities directly from the SDSS spectra. The number of DLA systems per unit redshift is consistent with previous measurements and we expect our survey has >95% completeness. We examine the cosmological baryonic mass density of neutral gas Omega_g inferred from the damped Lya systems from the SDSS-DR1 survey and a combined sample drawn from the literature. Contrary to previous results, the Omega_g values do not require a significant correction from Lyman limit systems at any redshift. We also find that the Omega_g values for the SDSS-DR1 sample do not decline at high redshift and the combined sample shows a (statistically insignificant) decrease only at z>4. Future data releases from SDSS will provide the definitive survey of DLA systems at z~2.5 and will significantly reduce the uncertainty in Omega_g at higher redshift.
description: 12 pages, includes color figures. Accepted to PASP, April 20 2004
Deconstructing docility : sexual assault law and embodied resistance to violence
Creators: name: Lorenzi, Lucia
Publisher: name: Topia: Canadian Journal of Cultural Studies
Year: 2018

description: From the disproportionate sexual violence faced by Indigenous women to the incidents that prompted Canadian activists to found the SlutWalk movement, the nation-state’s relationship to violated bodies continues to highlight the ways in which legal and cultural discourses often situate victims of sexualized violence as self-surveilling agents who are ultimately deemed responsible for their own safety. Building on work by Michel Foucault, I trace a history of vulnerable bodies and subjectivity vis-à-vis sexual violence, arguing that through the politics of self-surveillance and contemporary rape-prevention discourse, both specific bodies and specific geographical locations are materialized as abject. Focusing specifically on Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside and drawing on literary texts that directly address how vulnerable bodies are legally constituted, I suggest that violated bodies are not merely passively inscribed by the law, but rather that our readings of them can help to unsettle and resist the discourses that attempt to constrain and define them.
title: Developing NEMO for large multi-core scalar systems: final report of the dCSE NEMO project
Creators: name: Pickles, SM
name: Porter, AR
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Facilities Council
Year: 2012

description: We report our experiences in implementing a set of modifications to the NEMO ocean modelling code intended to improve the code's performance and scalability on HECToR and other large multi-core scalar systems. These modifications were inspired by the coastal ocean modelling code POLCOMS, and involved re-ordering 3-dimensional array indices and associated loop nests, multi-core aware partitioning, and elimination of redundant computation on land. The modifications are invasive, pervasive and mutually dependent, and we under-estimated the effort required to implement them fully in NEMO. We report performance results from our partial implementation, and provide revised estimates of the effort required to complete a full implementation and the likely performance benefits. We also describe by-products of this work that have been incorporated in the production use of NEMO, including dynamic memory allocation, various bug fixes, and a solution to an issue degrading NEMO's performance on HECToR.
Time Development of Exponentially Small Non-Adiabatic Transitions
Creators: name: Hagedorn, George A.
name: Joye, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimal truncations of asymptotic expansions are known to yield approximations to adiabatic quantum evolutions that are accurate up to exponentially small errors. In this paper, we rigorously determine the leading order non--adiabatic corrections to these approximations for a particular family of two--level analytic Hamiltonian functions. Our results capture the time development of the exponentially small transition that takes place between optimal states by means of a particular switching function. Our results confirm the physics predictions of Sir Michael Berry in the sense that the switching function for this family of Hamiltonians has the form that he argues is universal.
AI4Doctors: An introductory workshop for students and professionals in medicine to embrace the AI in their research and practice
Creators: name: Riaz, Arsalan
name: Amin, Qazi Kamran
name: Shirdel, Madina
name: Khan, Faisal F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The growing integration of AI in healthcare presents challenges for medical professionals lacking AI knowledge, limiting their engagement with AI tools in Pakistan (Abernethy et al., 2022; Umer et al., 2024). Without addressing this gap, they risk missing out on AI-driven benefits like improved diagnostics and personalized care (Silcox et al., 2024).

Objectives: The AI4Doctors workshop was proposed to:1) Provide a structured introduction to AI for participants with limited exposure.2) Build intuition around machine learning models and medical AI datasets.3) Offer hands-on experience in developing and evaluating simple AI models.
Adiabatic decaying vacuum model for the universe
Creators: name: de Campos, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a model that the entropy per particle in the universe is constant. The sources for the entropy are the particle creation and a lambda decaying term. We find exact solutions for the Einstein field equations and show the compatibilty of the model with respect to the age and the acceleration of the universe.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Transport and mixing in the radiation zones of rotating stars: I-Hydrodynamical processes
Creators: name: Mathis, S.
name: Zahn, J. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of this paper is to improve the modelization of the rotational mixing which occurs in stellar radiation zones, through the combined action of the thermally driven meridional circulation and of the turbulence generated by the shear of differential rotation. The turbulence is assumed to be anisotropic, due to the stratification, with stronger transport in the horizontal directions than in the vertical. The main difference with the former treatments by Zahn (1992) and Maeder & Zahn (1998) is that we expand here the departures from spherical symmetry to higher order, and include explicitly the differential rotation in latitude, to first order. This allows us to treat simultaneously the bulk of a radiation zone and its tachocline(s). Moreover, we take fully into account the non-stationarity of the problem, which will enable us to tackle the rapid phases of evolution. The system of partial differential equations, which govern the transport of angular momentum, heat and chemical elements, is written in a form which makes it ready to implement in a stellar evolution code. Here the effect of a magnetic field is deliberately ignored; it will be included in forthcoming papers.
description: 16 pages, no figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 1 of Prevalence and associated factors of diarrhea among under-five children in Debre Berhan town, Ethiopia 2018: a cross sectional study
Creators: name: Sisay Shine
name: Sindew Muhamud
name: Adanew, Solomon
name: Alebachew Demelash
name: Makda Abate
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire on Diarrheal study
The Great Bee Migration: Supply Analysis of Honey Bee Colony Shipments into California for Almond Pollination Services
Creators: name: Goodrich, Brittney
name: Williams, Jeffrey
name: Goodhue, Rachael
name: Goodrich, Brittney
name: Williams, Jeffrey
name: Goodhue, Rachael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis

description: Over the last two decades, the number of honey bee colonies performing pollination services for the California almond industry has grown steadily and now equals a substantial share of all colonies in the U.S. Most U.S. beekeeping operations have not expanded their colony numbers at the current levels of almond pollination fees. Thus, as almond acreage has increased, the marginal supplier of colonies has moved further away from California, increasing interstate shipments. We provide a conceptual representation of the supply and demand of U.S. colonies for almond pollination, and utilize the relatively inelastic demand for colonies to explore spatial elasticities of supply. We analyze temporal and spatial characteristics of the supply of colonies for almond pollination using colony shipment data from 2007 through 2018 provided by the California Department of Food and Agriculture. We use a geographically weighted regression to calculate supply elasticities for each state during this time period by combining the shipment data with prices from the California State Beekeeper’s Association pollination fee survey. Florida and Texas, where beekeepers have hesitated to participate in almond pollination due to relatively high transportation costs and the potential for local honey production at the time of almond bloom, have some of the highest price elasticities of supply. This suggests that beekeepers in areas with low transportation and/or opportunity costs have supplied all available colonies, and increases in almond pollination fees have had little effect. We estimate that Florida, Georgia and Texas had the largest number of colonies which did not participate in almond pollination in 2017, so further increases in supply are likely to come from these states.
Continuous Monitoring of Rabi Oscillations in a Josephson Flux Qubit
Creators: name: Il'ichev, E.
name: Oukhanski, N.
name: Izmalkov, A.
name: Wagner, Th.
name: Grajcar, M.
name: Meyer, H. -G.
name: Smirnov, A. Yu.
name: Brink, Alec Maassen van den
name: Amin, M. H. S.
name: Zagoskin, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under resonant irradiation, a quantum system can undergo coherent (Rabi) oscillations in time. We report evidence for such oscillations in a _continuously_ observed three-Josephson-junction flux qubit, coupled to a high-quality tank circuit tuned to the Rabi frequency. In addition to simplicity, this method of_Rabi spectroscopy_ enabled a long coherence time of about 2.5 microseconds, corresponding to an effective qubit quality factor \~7000.
description: REVTeX4, 4pp., 4 EPS figure files. v3: changed title, fixed typos; final, to appear in PRL
Additional file 2 of Study protocol of the multi-centre, randomised controlled trial of the Frankfurt Early Intervention Programme A-FFIP versus early intervention as usual for toddlers and preschool children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (A-FFIP study)
Creators: name: Kitzerow, Janina
name: Matthes Hackbusch
name: Jensen, Katrin
name: Kieser, Meinhard
name: Noterdaeme, Michele
name: Fröhlich, Ulrike
name: Taurines, Regina
name: Geißler, Julia
name: Wolff, Nicole
name: Roessner, Veit
name: Bast, Nico
name: Teufel, Karoline
name: Ziyon Kim
name: Freitag, Christine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 2. Model consent form.
The Right to Food in the U.S.: The Role of SNAP
Creators: name: Gunderson, Craig
name: Gunderson, Craig
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Security and Poverty

description: The “right to food” has been formally implemented in some countries and, in other contexts, it is used as an exhortation for governments or other entities to take actions to reduce food insecurity. What exactly is meant by this right, how the demands of meeting this right can be met, whether countries can actually meet this right, and multiple other questions have emerged in discussions about the right to food. Often absent from discussions about the right to food is how specific food assistance programs can and do play a role in reducing food insecurity and, hence, helping to meet the goal of the right to food. In particular, whether the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly known as the Food Stamp Program) is a useful model for ensuring the right to food. I begin this paper with a consideration of the right to food and the obligations this imposes on a society based on Roman Catholic teachings on the right to food. If a country is to have a right to food, whether or not this is being met should be measurable. I therefore consider a measure, the Food Security Supplement (FSS) that has been used in the U.S. Under the auspices of this definition, I discuss five components of a right to food and how SNAP does and does not meet these components. In concluding remarks, I discuss where this paper falls short and potential ways of furthering this conversation.
Vertical Organization and Coordination in Selected Commodity Subsectors
Creators: name: Campell, Gerald R.
name: Hayenga, Marvin L.
name: Campell, Gerald R.
name: Hayenga, Marvin L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: This group pf papers was presented at an American Agricultural Economics Association Symposium organized by the North Central Regional Research Project NC-117 in Blacksburg, Virginia on August 7, 1978. In the last two years, one element of the NC-117 research effort has been an analysis of the organization and vertical coordination mechanisms in a large number of commodity subsectors, the reasons underlying their existence, and their performance implications. The focus of analysis on the vertically linked stages.of production-processing-distribution within the subsectors was an attempt to expand the frame of reference of traditional organization studies to examine the dynamics of changes in structure, coordination mechanisms, and performance among these vertically linked stages and to assess the impact on the control of productive resources in the food system. The first four papers highlight the dominant organization and coordination features in selected commodity subsectors, the reasons for their dominance, and some noteworthy performance implications. These are drawn from the results of in-depth subsector studies which are being or will be published as NC-117 research monographs.or working papers. The final paper is an initial attempt to compare and contrast the dominant structural, coordination, and performance features of the subsectors considered in the symposium (.plus dairy), to extract the corm1onalities and differences, and suggest some hypotheses regarding th_ose interrelationships which might be~tested as further case studies of commodity subsectors now underway provide additional evidence in the future. We consider it an interim report, and would welcome your comments and suggestions.
Waste Not Want Not: Examining Plate Waste of Vegetables in Elementary School Lunches
Creators: name: Capps, Oral
name: Ishdorj, Ariun
name: Murano, Peter S.
name: Field, Lindsey
name: Hutto, Ashley
name: Storey, Maureen
name: Capps, Oral
name: Ishdorj, Ariun
name: Murano, Peter S.
name: Field, Lindsey
name: Hutto, Ashley
name: Storey, Maureen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Average waste costs per serving of vegetables
subject: Elementary schools
subject: Plate waste

description: We collected data on plate waste for all vegetables and by subgroup as well as the cost of waste from selected Texas elementary schools from April 2012 to January 2013. Plate waste for all vegetables exceeded 50%. The average waste cost per serving by vegetable subgroup varied from $0.03 to $0.22. Actual dollars lost averaged $9.37 to $20.06 per day per school.