cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Near-threshold quantization and level densities for potential wells with weak inverse-square tails
Creators: name: Moritz, Michael J.
name: Eltschka, Christopher
name: Friedrich, Harald
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: semiclassics, WKB, bound states, scattering
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 03.65.Ge, 03.65.Sq, 03.65.Xp

description: For potential tails consisting of an inverse-square term and an additional attractive 1/r^m term, V(r)∼[ħ^2/(2M)][(γ/r^2)-(β^(m-2)/r^m)], we derive the near-threshold quantization rule n=n(E) which is related to the level density via ρ=dn/dE. For a weak inverse-square term, -1/4 < γ <3/4 (and m>2), the leading contributions to n(E) are n=^(E→0) A-B(-E)^sqrt[γ+1/4], so ρ has a singular contribution proportional to (-E)^(sqrt[γ+1/4]-1) near threshold. The constant B in the near-threshold quantization rule also determines the strength of the leading contribution to the transmission probability through the potential tail at small positive energies. For γ=0 we recover results derived previously for potential tails falling off faster than 1/r^2. The weak inverse-square tails bridge the gap between the more strongly repulsive tails, γ≥3/4, where n(E)=^(E→0)A+O(E) and ρ remains finite at threshold, and the strongly attractive tails, γ2) we obtain n(E)=^(E→0)A+C/ln(-E/B), which remains finite at threshold.
Dissipative preparation of entanglement in optical cavities
Creators: name: Kastoryano, M. J.
name: Reiter, F.
name: Sørensen, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel scheme for the preparation of a maximally entangled state of two atoms in an optical cavity. Starting from an arbitrary initial state, a singlet state is prepared as the unique fixed point of a dissipative quantum dynamical process. In our scheme, cavity decay is no longer undesirable, but plays an integral part in the dynamics. As a result, we get a qualitative improvement in the scaling of the fidelity with the cavity parameters. Our analysis indicates that dissipative state preparation is more than just a new conceptual approach, but can allow for significant improvement as compared to preparation protocols based on coherent unitary dynamics.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Fluctuation, dissipation, and thermalization in non-equilibrium AdS_5 black hole geometries
Creators: name: Caron-Huot, Simon
name: Chesler, Paul M.
name: Teaney, Derek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a simple recipe for computing dissipation and fluctuations (commutator and anti-commutator correlation functions) for non-equilibrium black hole geometries. The recipe formulates Hawking radiation as an initial value problem, and is suitable for numerical work. We show how to package the fluctuation and dissipation near the event horizon into correlators on the stretched horizon. These horizon correlators determine the bulk and boundary field theory correlation functions. In addition, the horizon correlators are the components of a horizon effective action which provides a quantum generalization of the membrane paradigm. In equilibrium, the analysis reproduces previous results on the Brownian motion of a heavy quark. Out of equilibrium, Wigner transforms of commutator and anti-commutator correlation functions obey a fluctuation-dissipation relation at high frequency.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures
Studie zur Gesundheitsberichterstattung über nichtübertragbare Erkrankungen am Beispiel von Diabetes mellitus im internationalen Vergleich
Creators: name: Reitzle, Lukas
name: Schmidt, Christian
name: Scheidt-Nave, Christa
name: Ziese, Thomas
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: GESUNDHEITSBERICHTERSTATTUNG
subject: DISSEMINATION
subject: DIABETES MELLITUS
subject: NCD-SURVEILLANCE
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Vor dem Hintergrund der wachsenden Krankheitslast durch Diabetes mellitus entwickelt das Robert Koch-Institut im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Gesundheit eine Nationale Diabetes-Surveillance. Ein wesentliches Ziel der Surveillance ist die periodische und zeitnahe Bereitstellung relevanter Daten für verschiedene Adressaten (Dissemination), welche die Informationsgrundlage für weiterführende Public-Health-Maßnahmen bilden. Zur Entwicklung einer Disseminationsstrategie wurde eine Übersicht über die diabetesspezifische Berichterstattung im internationalen Kontext erstellt. In einem zweistufigen Prozess erfolgte zunächst eine Online-Befragung von Public-Health-Expertinnen und -Experten aus 46 Ländern. Für Länder ohne Rückmeldung (19/46) wurde eine strukturierte Webrecherche durchgeführt. Der Großteil der Länder (38/46; 83 %) berücksichtigt Diabetes in der Gesundheitsberichterstattung und drei Viertel (29/38; 77 %) dieser Länder stützen sich dabei auf ein indikatorenbasiertes Berichtssystem. Themenspezifische Berichte zu Diabetes oder nichtübertragbaren Krankheiten (24/36; 67 %) sowie nationale Gesundheitsberichte (23/36; 64 %) stellen das am häufigsten verwendete Format dar, gefolgt von Online-Formaten (20/36; 57 %) wie Webseiten oder Datenbanken. Primäre Adressaten der Berichterstattung sind die Politik (19/20; 95 %) sowie Medien und Presse (16/20; 80 %). Sowohl gedruckte als auch Online-Formate sind Teil einer umfassenden Disseminationsstrategie, die jedoch unterschiedliche Adressaten ansprechen.
What motivates Ebola survivors to donate plasma during an emergency clinical trial? The case of Ebola-Tx in Guinea
Creators: name: Ronse, Maya
name: Saez, Almudena Mari
name: Gryseels, Charlotte
name: Bannister-Tyrrell, Melanie
name: Delamou, Alexandre
name: Guillard, Alain
name: Briki, Mustapha
name: Bigey, Frédéric
name: Haba, Nyankoye
name: Van Griensven, Johan
name: Grietens, Koen Peeters
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Blood plasma
subject: Guinea
subject: Ebola hemorrhagic fever
subject: Blood transfusion
subject: Medical education
subject: Ebola virus
subject: Qualitative studies
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction During the 2014 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) epidemic, the Ebola-Tx trial evaluated the use of convalescent plasma (CP) in Guinea. The effectiveness of plasmapheresis trials depends on the recruitment of plasma donors. This paper describes what motivated or deterred EVD survivors to donate CP, providing insights for future plasmapheresis trials and epidemic preparedness. Methods This qualitative study, part of Ebola-Tx, researched and addressed emergent trial difficulties through interviewing, participant observation and focus group discussions. Sampling was theoretical and retroductive analysis was done in NVivo 10. Results Willingness or hesitance to participate in plasma donation depended on factors at the interface of pre-existing social dynamics; the impact of the disease and the consequent emergency response including the trial set-up. For volunteers, motivation to donate was mainly related to the feeling of social responsibility inspired by having survived EVD and to positive perceptions of plasmapheresis technology despite still unknown trial outcomes. Conversely, confidentiality concerns when volunteering due to stigmatization of survivors and perceived decrease in vital strength and in antibodies when donating, leading to fears of loss in protection against EVD, were main deterrents. The dynamic (dis)trust in Ebola Response Actors and in other survivors further determined willingness to participate and lead to the emergence/decline of rumours related to blood stealing and treatment effectiveness. Historic inter-ethnic relations in the health care setting further defined volunteering along socio-economic and ethnic lines. Finally, lack of follow-up and of dedicated care further impacted on motivation to volunteer. Conclusions Ebola-Tx was the first trial to solicit and evaluate blood-product donation as an experimental treatment on a large scale in Sub-Saharan Africa. An effective donation system requires directly engaging with emergent social barriers and providing an effective ethical response, including improved and transparent communication, effective follow-up after donation, assuring confidentiality and determining ethical incentives.
Differentiation between malignant melanomas and benign melanocytic nevi by computerized DNA cytometry of imprint specimens
Creators: name: Stolz, Wilhelm
name: Vogt, Thomas
name: Landthaler, Michael
name: Hempfer, Siegfried
name: Bingler, Paul
name: Abmayr, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Adult
subject: DNA, Neoplasm/analysis
subject: Diagnosis, Differential
subject: Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome/diagnosis
subject: Female
subject: Humans
subject: Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods
subject: Male
subject: Melanoma/diagnosis
subject: Middle Aged
subject: Nevus, Pigmented/diagnosis
subject: Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis
subject: Statistics as Topic

description: Recently image analysis (IA) and DNA-cytophotometry (CP) have proved to be useful for the differentiation between benign and malignant melanocytic lesions on paraffin sections. Since, on sections, these procedures are very time-consuming, we tested in the present study whether IA of imprint specimens, which can be evaluated in less than 30 minutes, might also be sufficient. In 39 malignant melanomas (MM), 18 melanocytic nevi (MN), and 6 dysplastic nevi (DN), 12 different morphometric and DNA cytometric features were determined in 100 randomly selected nuclei. In univariate analysis, 5 features were found to be significantly different between the benign and malignant groups (p < 0.0001): mean value (MAREA) and standard deviation (SAREA) of nuclear area and the 80th, 90th, and 95th percentiles of DNA distribution. Using SAREA, the best univariate feature, 82.5% of the cases could be correctly separated. In multivariate analysis with a combination of three features--standard deviation of nuclear area (SAREA), mean DNA value (MDNA), and 95th percentile of DNA distribution (PERC95)--a correct diagnosis was achieved in 89.5% of the cases. Results obtained in the cases of DN indicated an increased proliferation, but did not allow the separation of DN from MM and MN. Since our technique allows a rapid analysis without loss of tissue, which might be important for histological analysis, and the classification rates are equal or still higher than reported in studies on sections, imprints of melanocytic lesions seem to be most appropriate for the calculation of DNA cytometric features as helpful diagnostic criteria in equivocal melanocytic lesions.
ECOTIP D3.1. Mechanistic, trait-based model for unicellular plankton
Creators: name: Visser, Andre W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This deliverable supplies a demonstration of the unicellular component (essentially phytoplankton, bacteria and
 micro zooplankton) of a generalized trait-based plankton model, and is a direct output from Task 3.1 Generalized
 trait-based model of plankton. It outlines and documents the scientific basis of the model and provides a list of
 parameters and algorithms. The deliverable includes sample output from the model. The model is validated through
 comparison with observations on a global scale, as well as through sensitivity analysis of parameter values. Finally,
 the deliverable outlines steps towards integration, in a trait-based model of the pelagic environment that explicitly
 simulates both the unicellular and multicellular (metazoan and fish) components.
Lense-Thirring Field and the Solar Limb Effect
Creators: name: Wanas, M. I.
name: Morcos, A. B.
name: Gammal, S. I. El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar-Limb Effect is an observational phenomena connected to the solar gravitational red-shift. It shows a variation of the magnitude of the gravitational red-shift from the center to the limb of the solar disc. In the present work an attempt, for interpreting this phenomena using a general relativistic red-shift formula, is given . This formula takes into account the effect of the the Sun's gravitational field, the effect of the solar rotation, the effect of inclination of the line of sight and the motion of the observer. In this study the gravitational field of the Sun is assumed to be given by Lense-Thirring field instead of the Schwarzschild one. The Earth is assumed to move along an elliptic orbit. Comparison with a previous relativistic study and with observation is given.
description: 7 pages conference
Electrospinning of lignin based composite nanofibres with nanocrystalline cellulose
Creators: name: Cho, Mijung
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: In this study, composite nanofibres were fabricated from solvent fractionated softwood kraft lignin (SKL), NCC and polyethylene oxide (PEO) by electrospinning. The molecular organization of lignin was investigated in the form of spun fibres and films with and without NCC. Subsequently, the as-spun composite nanofibre mats were thermally stabilized in the air under controlled conditions. The chemical and mechanical properties were studied as a function of the processing conditions. The oxidized nanofibres were then carbonized at 1000 ºC in inert nitrogen atmospheres. The responses investigated include changes in yield, diameter/distribution of nanofibres, thermal stability, elemental composition, the molecular structure and mechanical properties. Lastly, effects of NCCs on lignin structure in the fibres at different stages of heat treatments were determined. Lignin molecules demonstrated organization within aligned electrospun fibres and within solvent cast lignin films. The nanofibres and films of lignin with and without NCC had birefringence as revealed with polarized optical microscope. Also, through heat treatment, the lignin-based nanofibres mats with or without NCC, showed improved mechanical and thermal-chemical properties after thermal stabilization and carbonization processes. Specifically the properties of thermally stabilized samples were more variable than carbonized samples. Furthermore, NCC loadings gave a significant reduction in mobility of lignin molecules during heat treatment allowing for direct carbonization for lignin carbon fibres production with NCC loadings for 5 wt.%. NCC overall did not enhance the mechanical properties of the electrospun fibre. However significant interactions between the NCC and lignin were revealed with FTIR spectroscopy and thermal rheological analysis. In summary, the work investigated how thermal treatments can enhance the performance of lignin-based materials and further enhanced by the presence of nanofillers. This study investigated extensively the effect of NCC in lignin-based composite nanofibres through fundamental understanding of the interaction between lignin and NCC during the different heat treatment stages for carbon fibre production.
Exchange constant and domain wall width in (Ga,Mn)(As,P) films with self-organization of magnetic domains
Creators: name: Haghgoo, Sanaz
name: Cubukcu, Murat
name: Von Bardeleben, Hans Jürgen
name: Thevenard, Laura
name: Lemaître, Aristide
name: Gourdon, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The incorporation of Phosphorus into (Ga,Mn)As epilayers allows for the tuning of the magnetic easy axis from in-plane to perpendicular-to-plane without the need for a (Ga,In)As template. For perpendicular easy axis, using magneto-optical imaging a self-organized pattern of up- and down-magnetized domains is observed for the first time in a diluted magnetic semiconductor. Combining Kerr microscopy, magnetometry and ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy, the exchange constant and the domain wall width parameter are obtained as a function of temperature. The former quantifies the effective Mn-Mn ferromagnetic interaction. The latter is a key parameter for domain wall dynamics. The comparison with results obtained for (Ga,Mn)As/(Ga,In)As reveals the improved quality of the (Ga,Mn)As$_{1-y}$P$_y$ layers regarding domain wall pinning, an increase of the domain wall width parameter and of the effective Mn-Mn spin coupling. However, at constant Mn doping, no significant increase of this coupling is found with increasing P concentration in the investigated range.
Is protostellar heating sufficient to halt fragmentation? A case study of the massive protocluster G8.68-0.37
Creators: name: Longmore, Steven N.
name: Pillai, Thushara
name: Keto, Eric
name: Zhang, Qizhou
name: Qiu, Keping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If star formation proceeds by thermal fragmentation and the subsequent gravitational collapse of the individual fragments, how is it possible to form fragments massive enough for O and B stars in a typical star-forming molecular cloud where the Jeans mass is about 1Msun at the typical densities (10^4 cm^-3) and temperatures (10K)? We test the hypothesis that a first generation of low-mass stars may heat the gas enough that subsequent thermal fragmentation results in fragments >=10Msun, sufficient to form B stars. We combine ATCA and SMA observations of the massive star-forming region G8.68-0.37 with radiative transfer modeling to derive the present-day conditions in the region and use this to infer the conditions in the past, at the time of core formation. Assuming the current mass/separation of the observed cores equals the fragmentation Jeans mass/length and the region's average density has not changed, requires the gas temperature to have been 100K at the time of fragmentation. The postulated first-generation of low-mass stars would still be around today, but the number required to heat the cloud exceeds the limits imposed by the observations. Several lines of evidence suggest the observed cores in the region should eventually form O stars yet none have sufficient raw material. Even if feedback may have suppressed fragmentation, it was not sufficient to halt it to this extent. To develop into O stars, the cores must obtain additional mass from outside their observationally defined boundaries. The observations suggest they are currently fed via infall from the very massive reservoir (~1500Msun) of gas in the larger pc scale cloud around the star-forming cores. This suggests that massive stars do not form in the collapse of individual massive fragments, but rather in smaller fragments that themselves continue to gain mass by accretion from larger scales.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Multilevel Analysis of Oscillation Motions in Active Regions of the Sun
Creators: name: Abramov-Maximov, V. E.
name: Gelfreikh, G. B.
name: Kobanov, N. I.
name: Shibasaki, K.
name: Chupin, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method that combines the results of an oscillation study made in optical and radio observations. The optical spectral measurements in photospheric and chromospheric lines of the line-of-sight velocity were carried out at the Sayan Solar Observatory. The radio maps of the Sun were obtained with the Nobeyama Radioheliograph at 1.76 cm. Radio sources associated with the sunspots were analyzed to study the oscillation processes in the chromosphere-corona transition region in the layer with magnetic field B=2000 G. A high level of instability of the oscillations in the optical and radio data was found. We used a wavelet analysis for the spectra. The best similarities of the spectra of oscillations obtained by the two methods were detected in the three-minute oscillations inside the sunspot umbra for the dates when the active regions were situated near the center of the solar disk. A comparison of the wavelet spectra for optical and radio observations showed a time delay of about 50 seconds of the radio results with respect to optical ones. This implies a MHD wave traveling upward inside the umbral magnetic tube of the sunspot. Besides three-minute and five-minute ones, oscillations with longer periods (8 and 15 minutes) were detected in optical and radio records.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, accepted to Solar Physics (18 Jan 2011). The final publication is available at http://www.springerlink.com
Feasibility study of MR-guided pancreas ablation using high-intensity focused ultrasound in a healthy swine model
Creators: name: Sebeke, Lukas Christian
name: Rademann, Pia
name: Maul, Alexandra Claudia
name: Schubert-Quecke, Claudia
name: Annecke, Thorsten
name: Yeo, Sin Yuin
name: Castillo-Gómez, Juan Daniel
name: Schmidt, Patrick
name: Grüll, Holger
name: Heijman, Edwin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Pancreatic cancer is typically diagnosed in a late stage with limited therapeutic options. For those patients, ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (US-HIFU) can improve local control and alleviate pain. However, MRI-guided HIFU (MR-HIFU) has not yet been studied extensively in this context. To facilitate related research and accelerate clinical translation, we report a workflow for the in vivo HIFU ablation of the porcine pancreas under MRI guidance. The pancreases of five healthy German landrace pigs (35–58 kg) were sonicated using a clinical MR-HIFU system. Acoustic access to the pancreas was supported by a specialized diet and a hydrogel compression device for bowel displacement. Organ motion was suspended using periods of apnea. The size of the resulting thermal lesions was assessed using the thermal threshold- and dose profiles, non-perfused volume, and gross examination. The effect of the compression device on beam path length was assessed using MRI imaging. Eight of ten treatments resulted in clearly visible damage in the target tissue upon gross examination. Five treatments resulted in coagulative necrosis. Good agreement between the four metrics for lesion size and a clear correlation between the delivered energy dose and the resulting lesion size were found. The compression device notably shortened the intra-abdominal beam path. We demonstrated a workflow for HIFU treatment of the porcine pancreas in-vivo under MRI-guidance. This development bears significance for the development of MR-guided HIFU interventions on the pancreas as the pig is the preferred animal model for the translation of pre-clinical research into clinical application.
Subsystem codes with spatially local generators
Creators: name: Bravyi, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study subsystem codes whose gauge group has local generators in the 2D geometry. It is shown that there exists a family of such codes defined on lattices of size LxL with the number of logical qubits k and the minimum distance d both proportional to L. The gauge group of these codes involves only two-qubit generators of type XX and ZZ coupling nearest neighbor qubits (and some auxiliary one-qubit generators). Our proof is not constructive as it relies on a certain version of the Gilbert-Varshamov bound for classical codes. Along the way we introduce and study properties of generalized Bacon-Shor codes which might be of independent interest. Secondly, we prove that any 2D subsystem [n,k,d] code with spatially local generators obeys upper bounds kd=O(n) and d^2=O(n). The analogous upper bound proved recently for 2D stabilizer codes is kd^2=O(n). Our results thus demonstrate that subsystem codes can be more powerful than stabilizer codes under the spatial locality constraint.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Lung microwave ablation – an in vivo swine tumor model experiment to evaluate ablation zones
Creators: name: Prud’homme, Clara
name: Teriitehau, Christophe
name: Adam, Julien
name: Tun, Jimmy Kyaw
name: Roux, Charles
name: Hakime, Antoine
name: Delpla, Alexandre
name: Deschamps, Fréderic
name: de Baere, Thierry
name: Tselikas, Lambros
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: To evaluate microwave ablation (MWA) algorithms, comparing pulsed and continuous mode in an in vivo lung tumor mimic model A total of 43 lung tumor-mimic models of 1, 2 or 3 cm were created in 11 pigs through an intra-pulmonary injection of contrast-enriched minced muscle. Tumors were ablated under fluoroscopic and 3D-CBCT-guidance using a single microwave antenna. Continuous (CM) and pulsed mode (PM) were used. According to tumor size, 3 different algorithms for both continuous and pulsed mode were used. The ablation zones were measured using post-procedural 3D-CBCT and on pathologic specimens. Two radiologists measured the ablation zones on CBCT and they significantly correlated with macroscopic and microscopic pathological findings: r = 0.75 and 0.74 respectively (p r = 0.9). For 1, 2 and 3 cm tumors mimics lesions (TMLs), mean maximal and transverse ablation diameters were 3.6 ± 0.3 × 2.2 ± 0.3 cm; 4.1 ± 0.5 × 2.6 ± 0.3 cm and 4.8 ± 0.3 × 3.2 ± 0.3 cm respectively using CM; And, 3.0 ± 0.2 × 2.1 ± 0.2 cm; 4.0 ± 0.4 × 2.7 ± 0.4 cm and 4.6 ± 0.4 × 3.2 ± 0.4 cm respectively for PM, without any significant difference except for 1 cm TMLs treated by PM ablation which were significantly smaller (p = 0.009) The sphericity index was 1.6, 1.6, 1.5 and 1.4, 1.5, 1.4 at 1, 2 and 3 cm for CM and PM respectively, p = 0.07, 0.14 and 0.13 for 1, 2 and 3 cm tumors mimics. Microwave ablation for 1–3 cm lung tumors were successfully realized but with a moderate reproducibility rate, using either CM or PM. Immediate post ablation CBCT can accurately evaluate ablation zones.
Digital burqa or business suit : social media and the gender digital divide among resettled Iraqi women
Creators: name: Gazali, Serah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: This study explores concepts of digital justice for women who live in a liminal space between home and resettlement. It examines their experience in social media and how it is affected by their gender, immigration and marginality. I approach this topic through a case study of Iraqi women with a refugee background who are resettled to British Columbia, Canada. Their narratives shed light on the complexity of the digital divide for women. I use intersectional theory and feminist research methods to address the persistence of digital inequalities. My results contradict what early feminists wrote about 'cyberspace' as a liberating gender-neutral terrain void of structural barriers to entry. In reality, the internet today is anything but open and equal. This point is not new. However, studies on Middle Eastern women bloggers and online activists-especially those of Muslim background-still present the internet, via social media, as a site to practice selfhood and challenge gender norms. My findings suggest a more complex picture. We cannot detach technologies from the power structures that created them and the systems within which they are embedded. It is true that social media may offer opportunities to experiment with identity and challenge norms, but the internet also mirrors pre-existing social structures and can amplify the effect of those structures due to the immediacy of access and abundance of online material. To avoid surveillance, women in this study adopted one of two strategies: they either adorned a digital burqa and remained anonymous or wore a digital business suit and migrated to social media platforms where interaction is highly formal. The success women have in handling social media is due to their ingenuity in avoiding surveillance. This success comes despite the potential risks of using technologies designed to amplify users' visibility and collect users' data.
English-Lithuanian-English Machine Translation lexicon and engine: current state and future work
Creators: name: Barisevičius, G.
name: Tamulynas, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article overviews the current state of the English-Lithuanian-English machine translation system. The first part of the article describes the problems that system poses today and what actions will be taken to solve them in the future. The second part of the article tackles the main issue of the translation process. Article briefly overviews the word sense disambiguation for MT technique using Google.
Exosomes released by breast cancer cells under mild hyperthermic stress possess immunogenic potential and modulate polarization in vitro in macrophages
Creators: name: Sen, Kacoli
name: Sheppe, Austin E. F.
name: Singh, Ishita
name: Hui, Winnie W.
name: Edelmann, Mariola J.
name: Rinaldi, Carlos
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Macrophages play a dual role in tumor initiation and progression, with both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressive effects; hence, it is essential to understand the distinct responses of macrophages to tumor progression and therapy. Mild hyperthermia has gained importance as a therapeutic regimen against cancer due to its immunogenic nature, efficacy, and potential synergy with other therapies, yet the response of macrophages to molecular signals from hyperthermic cancer cells has not yet been clearly defined. Due to limited response rate of breast cancer to conventional therapeutics the development, and understanding of alternative therapies like hyperthermia is pertinent. In order to determine conditions corresponding to mild thermal dose, cytotoxicity of different hyperthermic temperatures and treatment durations were tested in normal murine macrophages and breast cancer cell lines. Examination of exosome release in hyperthermia-treated cancer cells revealed enhanced efflux and a larger size of exosomes released under hyperthermic stress. Exposure of naïve murine macrophages to exosomes released from 4T1 and EMT-6 cells posthyperthermia treatment, led to an increased expression of specific macrophage activation markers. Further, exosomes released by hyperthermia-treated cancer cells had increased content of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). Together, these results suggest a potential immunogenic role for exosomes released from cancer cells treated with mild hyperthermia.
Tin telluride: a weakly co-elastic metal
Creators: name: Salje, E. K. H.
name: Safarik, D. J.
name: Modic, K. A.
name: Gubernatis, J. E.
name: Cooley, J. C.
name: Taylor, R. D.
name: Mihaila, B.
name: Saxena, A.
name: Lookman, T.
name: Smith, J. L.
name: Fisher, R. A.
name: Pasternak, M.
name: Opeil, C. P.
name: Siegrist, T.
name: Littlewood, P. B.
name: Lashley, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS), dilatometry/magnetostriction, magnetotransport, magnetization, specific heat, and $^{119}$Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements on SnTe and Sn$_{0.995}$Cr$_{0.005}$Te. Hall measurements at $T=77$ K indicate that our Bridgman-grown single crystals have a $p$-type carrier concentration of $3.4 \times 10^{19}$ cm$^{-3}$ and that our Cr-doped crystals have an $n$-type concentration of $5.8 \times 10^{22}$ cm$^{-3}$. Although our SnTe crystals are diamagnetic over the temperature range $2\, \text{K} \leq T \leq 1100\, \text{K}$, the Cr-doped crystals are room temperature ferromagnets with a Curie temperature of 294 K. For each sample type, three-terminal capacitive dilatometry measurements detect a subtle 0.5 micron distortion at $T_c \approx 85$ K. Whereas our RUS measurements on SnTe show elastic hardening near the structural transition, pointing to co-elastic behavior, similar measurements on Sn$_{0.995}$Cr$_{0.005}$Te show a pronounced softening, pointing to ferroelastic behavior. Effective Debye temperature, $θ_D$, values of SnTe obtained from $^{119}$Sn Mössbauer studies show a hardening of phonons in the range 60--115K ($θ_D$ = 162K) as compared with the 100--300K range ($θ_D$ = 150K). In addition, a precursor softening extending over approximately 100 K anticipates this collapse at the critical temperature, and quantitative analysis over three decades of its reduced modulus finds $ΔC_{44}/C_{44}=A|(T-T_0)/T_0|^{-κ}$ with $κ= 0.50 \pm 0.02 $, a value indicating a three-dimensional softening of phonon branches at a temperature $T_0 \sim 75$ K, considerably below $T_c$. We suggest that the differences in these two types of elastic behaviors lie in the absence of elastic domain wall motion in the one case and their nucleation in the other.
Nonlinear Transport through Quantum Dots Studied by the Time-Dependent DMRG
Creators: name: Kirino, Shunsuke
name: Ueda, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent developments on studies of transport through quantum dots obtained by applying the time-dependent density matrix renormalization group method are summarized. Some new aspects of Kondo physics which appear in nonequilibrium steady states are discussed both for the single dot case and for the serially coupled double-quantum-dot case.
description: 8 pages, 15 figures
title: Universität Kassel, Vorlesungsverzeichnis WiSe 2019 / 2020
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 350
subject: 370
subject: Universität Kassel
subject: Vorlesungsverzeichnis

description: PDF zum Online-Vorlesungsverzeichnis
Hamilton-Jacobi Theory in k-Symplectic Field Theories
Creators: name: De LeÓn, M.
name: De Diego, D. MartÍn
name: Marrero, J. C.
name: Salgado, M.
name: Vilariño, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 70S05, 35F21, 53D42

description: In this paper we extend the geometric formalism of Hamilton-Jacobi theory for Mechanics to the case of classical field theories in the k-symplectic framework.
LRS Bianchi Type-II Massive String Cosmological Models in General Relativity
Creators: name: Yadav, Anil Kumar
name: Pradhan, Anirudh
name: Singh, Archana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present study deals with locally rotationally symmetric (LRS) Bianchi type II cosmological models representing massive string. The energy-momentum tensor for such string as formulated by Letelier (1983) is used to construct massive string cosmological models for which we assume that the expansion ($θ$) in the models is proportional to the shear ($σ$). This condition leads to $A = B^{m}$, where A and B are the metric coefficients and m is constant. We have derived two types of models depending on different values of m i.e. for $m\neq \sqrt{2}$ and $m = \sqrt{2}$ respectively. For suitable choice of constant m (i.e. for $m = 1/2$), it is observed that in early stage of the evolution of the universe, the universe is dominated by strings in both cases. Our models are in accelerating phase which is consistent to the recent observations of type Is supernovae. Some physical and geometric behaviour of the models are also discussed.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, To appear in Rom. J. Physics
Before the Dawn: An Autobiography
Creators: name: Adams, Gerry
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description: In this fascinating memoir of his early life, Gerry Adams, the president of Sinn F\u00e9in, describes the development of the modern 'Troubles'' in the North of Ireland, his experiences during that period, including secret talks with the British government and imprisonment, his leadership role in Sinn F\u00e9in, and the tragic hunger strike by imprisoned IRA prisoners in 1981. Born in 1948, Adams vividly recalls growing up in the working-class Ballymurphy district of West Belfast, where he became involved in the civil rights campaign in the late 1960s and was active in campaigns around issues of housing, unemployment, and civil rights. The unionist regime, which had been in interrupted power for 50 years, reacted violently to the protests, and the situation exploded into conflict. Adams recounts his growing radicalization, his work as a Sinn F\u00e9in activist and leader, his relationship with the IRA, and the British use of secret courts to condemn republicans. Adams was a political prisoner. He was arrested many times and recounts his torture. He spent a total of five years in the notorious Long Kesh prison camp. First as an internee, held without charge, and then as a sentenced prisoner after he made two failed attempts to escape. Adams chronicles the dramatic hunger strikes of Bobby Sands, Francis Hughes, Raymond McCreesh, and others in 1980-81 which saw ten men die. Though he opposed the hunger strike Adams was instrumental in organizing the mass campaign in support of the hunger strikers which saw Bobby Sands elected as a member of the British Parliament and Ciaran Doherty and Kevin Agnew elected to the Irish Parliament. _Before the Dawn_ is an engaging and revealing self-portrait that is essential reading for anyone wishing to understand modern Ireland. First published in 1996-at a time when politics in the North of Ireland was in crisis and the Good Friday Agreement was still two years away-this new edition contains a brand new introduction and epilogue written by the author, covering Adams's family, Brexit, and the peace process.
About the Upstream Contamination
Creators: name: Suárez-Fontanella, D.
name: de Oca, A. Cabo Montes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study investigates the upward transport of waterborne pollutants from a lower container to an upper container through vertically falling water streams. While previous analyses have primarily focused on inclined channels, we extend the theoretical framework to consider vertical configurations. Two distinct cases are examined: (i) a vertical flow within a cylindrical tube, and (ii) a free-falling water jet. For the first case, we derive an analytical expression for the critical water flux required to prevent the upward migration of particles. In the second case, we establish a relationship among water flux, particle size, and vertical position along the stream, which determines the feasibility of upward particle transport. Our findings reveal a fundamental difference between the two configurations. In the tubular flow case, surface tension has negligible influence on particle motion. In contrast, in the free-fall scenario, upward particle transport is only possible in the presence of surface tension. Moreover, we demonstrate that for any given water flux, there exists a threshold height difference beyond which contamination of the upper container is not possible. Increasing the water flux further inhibits any upward transport of pollutants
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. This article has been published in the Revista Cubana de F\'isica
The relationship between thermal tolerance and hypoxia tolerance in Amazonian fishes
Creators: name: Jung, Hyewon Ellen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: The Amazon contains 20% of the world’s freshwater fish species that are predicted to experience an increase in temperature by up to 2.2 to 7˚C within the next century. An increase in temperature will likely be associated with an increase in the frequency, duration, and magnitude of hypoxic bouts, creating an even greater challenge. Thermal tolerance may be limited by the ability to supply and deliver enough oxygen to tissues at critical temperatures, as is the case for hypoxia tolerance, thus both may be associated with similar mechanisms in fish. A direct relationship between thermal and hypoxia tolerance however, has not yet been investigated in a wide range of fish species. To address this, I conducted acute thermal tolerance (CTMax) and hypoxia tolerance (% air saturation at loss of equilibrium) assays in 20 species that spanned a broad phylogenetic range. In fish acclimated to the temperatures within the current temperature range of the Amazon River (28 or 31˚C), I found a positive relationship between CTMax and hypoxia tolerance. In fish acutely transferred to higher temperatures of 33 or 35˚C, there was a reduction in hypoxia tolerance relative to that at 28 or 31˚C. Acclimation (10 days or 4 weeks) to 33 or 35˚C did not increase hypoxia tolerance, and in some species there was a further reduction in hypoxia tolerance. Acclimation to 33 or 35˚C (10 days or 4 weeks) and exposure to hyperoxia (>200% air saturation) increased CTMax, although in most species only moderately. One of the most significant findings of my thesis was that most species failed to acclimate to the higher temperatures: of the 13 species investigated, 2 species did not survive 10 days or 4 weeks (chronic lethal maximum) at 31˚C, 9 species did not survive at 33˚C, and only 2 species survived 35˚C. Overall, acclimation to higher temperatures that are predicted to occur within the next century had little or no effect on thermal tolerance and reduced hypoxia tolerance indicating that the high fish biodiversity of the Amazon may be at risk given the predicted changes in temperature and hypoxia associated with climate change.
Semiclassical gaps in the density of states of chaotic Andreev billiards
Creators: name: Kuipers, Jack
name: Waltner, Daniel
name: Petitjean, Cyril
name: Berkolaiko, Gregory
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 74.40.-n, 03.65.Sq, 05.45.Mt, 74.45.+c

description: The connection of a superconductor to a chaotic ballistic quantum dot leads to interesting phenomena, most notably the appearance of a hard gap in its excitation spectrum. Here we treat such an Andreev billiard semiclassically where the density of states is expressed in terms of the classical trajectories of electrons (and holes) that leave and return to the superconductor. We show how classical orbit correlations lead to the formation of the hard gap, as predicted by random matrix theory in the limit of negligible Ehrenfest time \tau_E, and how the influence of a finite \tau_E causes the gap to shrink. Furthermore, for intermediate \tau_E we predict a second gap below E =π\hbar/2\tau_E which would presumably be the clearest signature yet of \tau_E-effects.
Hadron resonances generated from the dynamics of the lightest scalar ones
Creators: name: Oller, J. A.
name: Alarcon, J. M.
name: Albaladejo, M.
name: Alvarez-Ruso, L.
name: Roca, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the interactions of the scalar resonances f_0(980) and a_0(980) with the vector resonance ϕ(1020) and with the lightest pseudoscalars π, K, ηand η'. We first obtain the interaction kernels without including any new free parameter. Afterwards, the interaction kernels are unitarized and the final S-wave amplitudes result. We find that these interactions are very rich and generate a large amount of pseudoscalar resonances including the K(1460), π(1300), π(1800), η(1475) and X(1835) resonances. The f_0(980)ϕ(1020) self-interactions give rise to the ϕ(2170) resonance. For realistic choices of the parameters we also obtain an isovector companion in the same mass region from the a_0(980) ϕ(1020) interactions.
description: 4 pafes, 4 figures. Invited talk at QCD 10 (25th anniversary), 15th International QCD Conference, 28th June - 3rd July 2010 Montpellier (France). To be published in Nucl. Phys. B (Proc. Suppl.)
Optical appearance of the Schwarzschild black hole in the string cloud context
Creators: name: Guo, Sen
name: Huang, Yu-Xiang
name: Li, Guo-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The image of a black hole (BH) consists of direct and secondary images that depend on the observer position. We investigate the optical appearance of a Schwarzschild BH in the context of a string cloud to reveal how the BH's observable characteristics are influenced by the inclination angle, string cloud parameter, and impact parameter. Following Luminet's work [Astron. Astrophys. 75, 228 (1979)], we adopt a semi-analytic method to calculate the total bending angle of the light ray and derive the direct and secondary images of the Schwarzschild string cloud BH. Our results show that an increase in the inclination angle leads to a more pronounced separation of the images. We consider the gravitational redshift and present the redshift distribution of the direct image while illustrating the flux distribution. We observe that the direct image exhibits blueshift and redshift simultaneously, and the asymmetry of the flux distribution increases with the inclination angle. Finally, we obtain the Schwarzschild string cloud BH image via a numerical simulation, which provides an approximate illustration of the EHT resolution.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures