cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fluid forces or impacts: What governs the entrainment of soil particles in sediment transport mediated by a Newtonian fluid?
Creators: name: Pähtz, Thomas
name: Durán, Orencio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In steady sediment transport, sediment deposition is balanced by entrainment of bed particles by fluid forces or particle-bed impacts. Here we propose a proxy to determine the role of impact entrainment relative to entrainment by the mean turbulent flow: the "bed velocity" $V_b$, which is an effective near-bed-surface value of the average horizontal particle velocity that generalizes the classical slip velocity, used in studies of aeolian saltation transport, to sediment transport in an arbitrary Newtonian fluid. We study $V_b$ for a wide range of the particle-fluid-density ratio $s$, Galileo number $\mathrm{Ga}$, and Shields number $Θ$ using direct sediment transport simulations. We find that transport is fully sustained through impact entrainment (i.e., $V_b$ is constant in natural units) when the "impact number" $\mathrm{Im}=\mathrm{Ga}\sqrt{s+0.5}\gtrsim20$ or $Θ\gtrsim5/\mathrm{Im}$. These conditions are obeyed for the vast majority of transport regimes, including steady turbulent bedload, which has long been thought to be sustained solely through fluid entrainment. In fact, we find that transport is fully sustained through fluid entrainment (i.e., $V_b$ scales with the near-bed horizontal fluid velocity) only for sufficiently viscous bedload transport at grain scale (i.e., for $\mathrm{Im}\lesssim20$ and $Θ\lesssim1/\mathrm{Im}$). Finally, we do not find a strong correlation between, $V_b$, or the classical slip velocity, and the transport-layer-averaged horizontal particle velocity $\overline{v_x}$, which challenges the long-standing consensus that predominant impact entrainment is responsible for a linear scaling of the transport rate with $Θ$. For turbulent bedload in particular, $\overline{v_x}$ increases with $Θ$ despite $V_b$ remaining constant, which we propose is linked to the formation of a liquid-like bed on top of the static-bed surface.
Radially excited axial mesons and the enigmatic $Z_c$ and $Z_b$ in a coupled-channel model
Creators: name: Coito, Susana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The enigmatic charged states $Z_c(3900)$, $Z_c(4020)$, $Z_c(4050)$, $Z_b(10610)$, and $Z_b(10650)$ are studied within a coupled-channel Schrödinger model, where radially excited quark-antiquark pairs, with the same angular momenta and isospin as the $a_1(1260)$ and $b_1(1235)$, are strongly coupled to their Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka - allowed decay channels $D\bar{D}^*+\bar{D}D^*$ and $D^*\bar{D}^*$, or $B\bar{B}^*+\bar{B}B^*$ and $B^*\bar{B}^*$, in $S$ and $D$-wave. Poles, matching the experimental mass and width of all the above states, are found by varying only two free parameters. From the wave-function analysis of each resonance, the probability of each of the components contributing to the coupled system is estimated, and predictions can be made for the relative decay fractions among the coupled open-charm or open-bottom decay channels.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Deficiency Indices of Some Classes of Unbounded $\mathbb{H}$-Operators
Creators: name: Muraleetharan, B.
name: Thirulogasanthar, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 47B32

description: In this paper we define the deficiency indices of a closed symmetric right $\mathbb{H}$-linear operator and formulate a general theory of deficiency indices in a right quaternionic Hilbert space. This study provides a necessary and sufficient condition in terms of deficiency indices and in terms of S-spectrum, parallel to their complex counterparts, for a symmetric right $\mathbb{H}$-linear operators to be self-adjoint.
Childhood Obesity and Oral Health: Inflammation and Dental Maturation
Creators: name: Kramer, Ilana
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Purpose To evaluate levels of inflammatory biomarkers gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of children with obesity, evaluate whether children with obesity have advanced dental development, and evaluate whether children with advanced dental maturation, regardless of obesity, have increased levels of oral inflammatory markers. Methods Patients aged 10-12 years old were recruited from 2021-2023. Height and weight were obtained to calculate weight status on day of appointment, a panoramic radiograph was obtained to determine dental age via the Demirjian method, and GCF was collected and stored for later analysis. Cytokine analysis was completed using a multiplex assay evaluating for pro and anti-inflammatory biomarkers. Statistical analysis was completed using R. Results Children with obesity had significantly higher levels of MMP8 and significantly more bleeding. No other association were made between biomarkers and children with obesity. Accelerated dental develop did not correlate with obesity in this sample. Children with accelerated dental development did not have higher levels of any inflammatory markers in GCF. Conclusion Children with obesity have higher levels of MMP8 and bleeding as compared to children with normal BMI. No biomarkers were found to correlate with timing of dental development. Children with obesity may require advanced understanding and clinical judgement by providers.
Analysis of two- and three-dimensional fractional-order Hindmarsh-Rose type neuronal models
Creators: name: Kaslik, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A theoretical analysis of two- and three-dimensional fractional-order Hindmarsh-Rose neuronal models is presented, focusing on stability properties and occurrence of Hopf bifurcations, with respect to the fractional order of the system chosen as bifurcation parameter. With the aim of exemplifying and validating the theoretical results, numerical simulations are also undertaken, which reveal rich bursting behavior in the three-dimensional fractional-order slow-fast system.
GEPs best practices compendium
Creators: name: Grunberg, Laura
name: Costache, Irina
name: Ilinca, Corina
name: Chihaia, Stefania
name: Silion, Alina
name: Dragomir, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Gender equality plans (GEPs)
gender equality
Research funding organization (RPO)
Research funding organization (RFO)
best practices

description: The Compendium of Best Practices is part of WP4: GEPS Development and implementation, Task 4.1: GEPs Best practices analysis. The University of Bucharest (UB), as leading partner, with the support of Consulta Europa (CE), was responsible with performing a best practice analysis among GEPs implemented in RFOs, RPOs and HEIs in Europe. The main objective is to produce a compendium containing a set of effective and relevant provisions, activities, and recommendations in addressing gender equality at the institutional level in academia.
Standard quantum limit of angular motion of a suspended mirror and homodyne detection of ponderomotively squeezed vacuum field
Creators: name: Enomoto, Yutaro
name: Nagano, Koji
name: Kawamura, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P15

description: Compared to the quantum noise in the measurement of the translational motion of a suspended mirror using laser light, the quantum noise in the measurement of the angular motion of a suspended mirror has not been investigated intensively despite its potential importance. In this article, an expression for the quantum noise in the angular motion measurement is explicitly derived. The expression indicates that one quadrature of the vacuum field of the first-order Hermite-Gaussian mode of light causes quantum sensing noise and the other causes quantum backaction noise, or in other words the first-order vacuum field is ponderomotively squeezed. It is also shown that the Gouy phase shift the light acquires between the mirror and the position of detection of the light corresponds to the homodyne angle. Therefore, the quantum backaction noise can be cancelled and the standard quantum limit can be surpassed by choosing the appropriate position of detection analogously to the cancellation of quantum radiation pressure noise by choosing an appropriate homodyne angle.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Stabbing line segments with disks: complexity and approximation algorithms
Creators: name: Kobylkin, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2

description: Computational complexity and approximation algorithms are reported for a problem of stabbing a set of straight line segments with the least cardinality set of disks of fixed radii $r>0$ where the set of segments forms a straight line drawing $G=(V,E)$ of a planar graph without edge crossings. Close geometric problems arise in network security applications. We give strong NP-hardness of the problem for edge sets of Delaunay triangulations, Gabriel graphs and other subgraphs (which are often used in network design) for $r\in [d_{\min},ηd_{\max}]$ and some constant $η$ where $d_{\max}$ and $d_{\min}$ are Euclidean lengths of the longest and shortest graph edges respectively. Fast $O(|E|\log|E|)$-time $O(1)$-approximation algorithm is proposed within the class of straight line drawings of planar graphs for which the inequality $r\geq ηd_{\max}$ holds uniformly for some constant $η>0,$ i.e. when lengths of edges of $G$ are uniformly bounded from above by some linear function of $r.$
description: 12 pages, 1 appendix, 15 bibliography items, 6th International Conference on Analysis of Images, Social Networks and Texts (AIST-2017)
Two perspectives of the 2D unit area quantum sphere and their equivalence
Creators: name: Aru, Juhan
name: Huang, Yichao
name: Sun, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60D05, 81T40, 81T20

description: 2D Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) is used as a toy model for 4D quantum gravity and is the theory of world-sheet in string theory. Recently there has been growing interest in studying LQG in the realm of probability theory: David, Kupiainen, Rhodes, Vargas (2014) and Duplantier, Miller, Sheffield (2014) both provide a probabilistic perspective of the LQG on the 2D sphere. In particular, in each of them one may find a definition of the so-called unit area quantum sphere. We examine these two perspectives and prove their equivalence by showing that the respective unit area quantum spheres are the same. This is done by considering a unified limiting procedure for defining both objects.
description: minor revisions; final version
New congruences for $\ell$-regular overpartitions
Creators: name: Chern, Shane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 05A17, Secondary 11P83

description: Recently, Shen (2016) and Alanazi et al. (2016) studied the arithmetic properties of the $\ell$-regular overpartition function $\overline{A}_\ell (n)$, which counts the number of overpartitions of $n$ into parts not divisible by $\ell$. In this note, we will present some new congruences modulo $5$ when $\ell$ is a power of $5$.
MHz Gravitational Waves from Short-term Anisotropic Inflation
Creators: name: Ito, Asuka
name: Soda, Jiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reveal the universality of short-term anisotropic inflation. As a demonstration, we study inflation with an exponential type gauge kinetic function which is ubiquitous in models obtained by dimensional reduction from higher dimensional fundamental theory. It turns out that an anisotropic inflation universally takes place in the later stage of conventional inflation. Remarkably, we find that primordial gravitational waves with a peak amplitude around $10^{-26}$ ~ $10^{-27}$ are copiously produced in high-frequency bands 10MHz~100MHz. If we could detect such gravitational waves in future, we would be able to probe higher dimensional fundamental theory.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, typos corrected, minor changes
ETHOS - An Effective Theory of Structure Formation: From dark particle physics to the matter distribution of the Universe
Creators: name: Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan
name: Sigurdson, Kris
name: Zavala, Jesus
name: Bringmann, Torsten
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Pfrommer, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate an effective theory of structure formation (ETHOS) that enables cosmological structure formation to be computed in almost any microphysical model of dark matter physics. This framework maps the detailed microphysical theories of particle dark matter interactions into the physical effective parameters that shape the linear matter power spectrum and the self-interaction transfer cross section of non-relativistic dark matter. These are the input to structure formation simulations, which follow the evolution of the cosmological and galactic dark matter distributions. Models with similar effective parameters in ETHOS but with different dark particle physics would nevertheless result in similar dark matter distributions. We present a general method to map an ultraviolet complete or effective field theory of low energy dark matter physics into parameters that affect the linear matter power spectrum and carry out this mapping for several representative particle models. We further propose a simple but useful choice for characterizing the dark matter self-interaction transfer cross section that parametrizes self-scattering in structure formation simulations. Taken together, these effective parameters in ETHOS allow the classification of dark matter theories according to their structure formation properties rather than their intrinsic particle properties, paving the way for future simulations to span the space of viable dark matter physics relevant for structure formation.
description: 16 pages + Appendix, 4 figures. Published in Phys. Rev. D. This paper is part of a series of papers on constructing an effective theory of structure formation (ETHOS) that maps almost any microphysical model of dark matter physics to effective parameters for cosmological structure formation. v3: Matches accepted version. v4: Updated definition of dark radiation perturbation variables
Articulated Clinician Detection Using 3D Pictorial Structures on RGB-D Data
Creators: name: Kadkhodamohammadi, Abdolrahim
name: Gangi, Afshin
name: de Mathelin, Michel
name: Padoy, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reliable human pose estimation (HPE) is essential to many clinical applications, such as surgical workflow analysis, radiation safety monitoring and human-robot cooperation. Proposed methods for the operating room (OR) rely either on foreground estimation using a multi-camera system, which is a challenge in real ORs due to color similarities and frequent illumination changes, or on wearable sensors or markers, which are invasive and therefore difficult to introduce in the room. Instead, we propose a novel approach based on Pictorial Structures (PS) and on RGB-D data, which can be easily deployed in real ORs. We extend the PS framework in two ways. First, we build robust and discriminative part detectors using both color and depth images. We also present a novel descriptor for depth images, called histogram of depth differences (HDD). Second, we extend PS to 3D by proposing 3D pairwise constraints and a new method that makes exact inference tractable. Our approach is evaluated for pose estimation and clinician detection on a challenging RGB-D dataset recorded in a busy operating room during live surgeries. We conduct series of experiments to study the different part detectors in conjunction with the various 2D or 3D pairwise constraints. Our comparisons demonstrate that 3D PS with RGB-D part detectors significantly improves the results in a visually challenging operating environment.
description: The supplementary video is available at https://youtu.be/iabbGSqRSgE
Inflation with an extra light scalar field after Planck
Creators: name: Vennin, Vincent
name: Koyama, Kazuya
name: Wands, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bayesian inference techniques are used to investigate situations where an additional light scalar field is present during inflation and reheating. This includes (but is not limited to) curvaton-type models. We design a numerical pipeline where $\simeq 200$ inflaton setups $\times\, 10$ reheating scenarios $= 2000$ models are implemented and we present the results for a few prototypical potentials. We find that single-field models are remarkably robust under the introduction of light scalar degrees of freedom. Models that are ruled out at the single-field level are not improved in general, because good values of the spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio can only be obtained for very fine-tuned values of the extra field parameters and/or when large non-Gaussianities are produced. The only exception is quartic large-field inflation, so that the best models after Planck are of two kinds: plateau potentials, regardless of whether an extra field is added or not, and quartic large-field inflation with an extra light scalar field, in some specific reheating scenarios. Using Bayesian complexity, we also find that more parameters are constrained for the models we study than for their single-field versions. This is because the added parameters not only contribute to the reheating kinematics but also to the cosmological perturbations themselves, to which the added field contributes. The interplay between these two effects lead to a suppression of degeneracies that is responsible for having more constrained parameters.
description: 18 pages without appendices (total 28 pages), 3 figures, 6 tables, matches the published version in JCAP (typo in last table of appendix E fixed)
Is the Hypothesis About a Low Entropy Initial State of the Universe Necessary for Explaining the Arrow of Time?
Creators: name: Goldstein, Sheldon
name: Tumulka, Roderich
name: Zanghi, Nino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to statistical mechanics, micro-states of an isolated physical system (say, a gas in a box) at time $t_0$ in a given macro-state of less-than-maximal entropy typically evolve in such a way that the entropy at time $t$ increases with $|t-t_0|$ in both time directions. In order to account for the observed entropy increase in only one time direction, the thermodynamic arrow of time, one usually appeals to the hypothesis that the initial state of the universe was one of very low entropy. In certain recent models of cosmology, however, no hypothesis about the initial state of the universe is invoked. We discuss how the emergence of a thermodynamic arrow of time in such models can nevertheless be compatible with the above-mentioned consequence of statistical mechanics, appearances to the contrary notwithstanding.
description: 14 pages LaTeX, 3 figures; v2: first paragraph added, section 8 added, 9 references added; v3: further references added
Adapter les ANB en se basant sur les processus cognitifs conformes au SB5 pour les enfants avec (DAM)
Creators: name: Hamza CHAINABOU
name: Hanane EL ABBASSI
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Cette recherche s'inscrit dans le cadre des recherches bibliographiques exploratoires. Elle est basée sur des études empiriques menées dans les domaines de la psychologie cognitive et de la neuropsychologie, qui ont pour objet l'intervention auprès des enfants en difficulté d'apprentissage en mathématiques (DAM). Son objectif est d'identifier des modèles d'enseignement efficace, statistiquement significatifs, ainsi que des lignes directrices méthodologiques, permettant de proposer des étapes possibles à suivre pour diagnostiquer les DAM liées aux compétences numériques de base (CNB) et aux processus cognitifs généraux (PCG), et adapter les activités numériques de base (ANB). La plupart des études rapportées dans cette recherche ont montré l'importance de l’instruction directe, des stratégies explicites et de l'utilisation d’heuristiques, en plus des stratégies métacognitives et des stratégies de compensation spécifiques aux déficiences au niveau des PCG. Il est également crucial que l'enseignant « orthopédagogue » soit bien informé tant sur la cognition numérique que sur les dysfonctionnements sous-jacents des (DAM). Tout cela a permis de formuler un scénario, comprenant des étapes d'adaptation des ANB, en réponse à la question problématique sur la possibilité d'une adaptation fondée sur les PCG et les CNB, au profit des enfants avec DAM, et ensuite, fournir des modèles d’activités numériques pour remédier à une des difficultés diagnostiquées dans le cas de « Banafsaj », qui est la difficulté "de correspondance terme à terme".
EarthMark: Transforming Google Earth placemarks into HTML tables
Creators: name: GA Fernandez
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: GIS, Placemarks, Python, RF Design

description: This project aims to simplify the process of converting KML files containing Google Earth placemarks into HTML tables. It eliminates the need for manually copying the placemark coordinates and pasting them into other documents one by one. The proposed workflow involves organizing all placemarks of your project within a folder in Google Earth, exporting the folder as a .kml file, and uploading it to the app. The app will generate a table displaying each placemark’s name and their corresponding lat and long coordinates. This tool is ideal for professionals who frequently use Google Earth and need to extract and organize multiple placemarks’ names and coordinate information into a table format. It simplifies the process, allowing easy copying into other documents like PPT, Word, and spreadsheets.
Polymer Adsorption on Curved Surfaces
Creators: name: Arkin, Handan
name: Janke, Wolfhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conformational behavior of a coarse-grained finite polymer chain near an attractive spherical surface was investigated by means of multicanonical Monte Carlo computer simulations. In a detailed analysis of canonical equilibrium data over a wide range of sphere radius and temperature, we have constructed entire phase diagrams both for non-grafted and end-grafted polymers. For the identification of the conformational phases, we have calculated several energetic and structural observables such as gyration tensor based shape parameters and their fluctuations by canonical statistical analysis. Despite the simplicity of our model, it qualitatively represents in the considered parameter range real systems that are studied in experiments. The work dicussed here could have experimental implications from protein-ligand interactions to designing nano smart materials.
Genese und Funktion von Epigrammen in der Druckgraphik des 16. Jahrhunderts am Beispiel einiger Stiche von Hendrick Goltzius
Creators: name: Wolkenhauer, Anja
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Literatur
subject: 800

description: Zweitveröffentlichung
Challenges to Self-Acceleration in Modified Gravity from Gravitational Waves and Large-Scale Structure
Creators: name: Lombriser, Lucas
name: Lima, Nelson A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the advent of gravitational-wave astronomy marked by the aLIGO GW150914 and GW151226 observations, a measurement of the cosmological speed of gravity will likely soon be realized. We show that a confirmation of equality to the speed of light as indicated by indirect Galactic observations will have important consequences for a very large class of alternative explanations of the late-time accelerated expansion of our Universe. It will break the dark degeneracy of self-accelerated Horndeski scalar-tensor theories in the large-scale structure that currently limits a rigorous discrimination between acceleration from modified gravity and from a cosmological constant or dark energy. Signatures of a self-acceleration must then manifest in the linear, unscreened cosmological structure. We describe the minimal modification required for self-acceleration with standard gravitational-wave speed and show that its maximum likelihood yields a 3-sigma poorer fit to cosmological observations compared to a cosmological constant. Hence, equality between the speeds challenges the concept of cosmic acceleration from a genuine scalar-tensor modification of gravity.
description: 5 pages; v2 updated with newer data; v3 extended title
Numerical Approximation of Random Periodic Solutions of Stochastic Differential Equations
Creators: name: Feng, Chunrong
name: Liu, Yu
name: Zhao, Huaizhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37H99, 60H10, 60H35

description: In this paper, we discuss the numerical approximation of random periodic solutions (r.p.s.) of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with multiplicative noise. We prove the existence of the random periodic solution as the limit of the pull-back flow when the starting time tends to $-\infty$ along the multiple integrals of the period. As the random periodic solution is not explicitly constructible, it is useful to study the numerical approximation. We discretise the SDE using the Euler-Maruyama scheme and moldiflied Milstein scheme. Subsequently we obtain the existence of the random periodic solution as the limit of the pull-back of the discretised SDE. We prove that the latter is an approximated random periodic solution with an error to the exact one at the rate of $\sqrt {Δt}$ in the mean-square sense in Euler-Maruyama method and $Δt$ in the Milstein method. We also obtain the weak convergence result for the approximation of the periodic measure.
description: 31 pages, 4 figures
Achieving continuous improvement in laboratory organization through performance measurements: a seven-year experience
Creators: name: Salinas, Maria
name: López-Garrigós, Maite
name: Gutiérrez, Mercedes
name: Lugo, Javier
name: Sirvent, Jose Vicente
name: Uris, Joaquin
Publisher: name: Kooperation de Gruyter
Year: 2009

description: Background: Laboratory performance can be measured using a set of model key performance indicators (KPIs). The design and implementation of KPIs are important issues. KPI results from 7 years are reported and their implementation, monitoring, objectives, interventions, result reporting and delivery are analyzed. Methods: The KPIs of the entire laboratory process were obtained using Laboratory Information System (LIS) registers. These were collected automatically using a data warehouse application, spreadsheets and external quality program reports. Customer satisfaction was assessed using surveys. Nine model laboratory KPIs were proposed and measured. Results: The results of some examples of KPIs used in our laboratory are reported. Their corrective measurements or the implementation of objectives led to improvement in the associated KPIs results. Conclusions: Measurement of laboratory performance using KPIs and a data warehouse application that continuously collects registers and calculates KPIs confirmed the reliability of indicators, indicator acceptability and usability for users, and continuous process improvement. Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:57–61.
Wirkungen der L-Arginingabe bei immun-vermittelter akuter und chronischer Glomerulofibrose
Creators: name: Peters, Harm
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: L-Arginin
subject: Stickoxid
subject: TGF-ß
subject: renale Fibrose
subject: nitric oxide
subject: L-arginine
subject: renal fibrosis
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 33 Medizin
subject: YK 8300

description: Die fortschreitende Vermehrung extrazellulärer Matrixproteine ist zentrales Kennzeichen von chronisch-progressiver Niereninsuffizienz. L-Arginin ist eine semi-essentielle Aminosäure und über seinen endogenen Metaboliten Stickoxid (NO) in komplexer Weise mit renaler Matrixvermehrung verbunden. In dieser Arbeit wurde untersucht, wie sich die Gabe von L-Arginin auf die Matrixexpansion bei experimenteller, immun-vermittelter Nierenerkrankung auswirkt. Im Modell der akuten Anti-Thy1-Glomerulonephritis der Ratte und der chronischen Lupusnephritis der MRL/lpr-Maus wurde gezeigt, daß die Aktivierung des L-Arginin-NO-Stoffwechsels sowohl mit günstigen als auch mit ungünstigen Wirkungen auf die renale Matrixakkumulation verbunden ist. Diese "duale" Wirkung von L-Arginin ist im wesentlichen als Ausdruck der "ambivalenten" Wirkung von NO zu deuten. Antifibrotische Wirkungen von L-Arginin stehen in enger Verbindung mit einer gesteigerten endothelialen NO-Synthese. Neben renaler Blutdrucksenkung vermittelt die endotheliale NO-Synthase auch parakrin wichtige antifibrotische Effekte. Profibrotische Wirkungen von L-Arginin stehen in engem Zusammenhang mit einer gesteigerten NO-Synthese durch induzierbare, destruktive NO-Synthasen. Folgen sind verstärkte Organschädigung und beschleunigte Progression von renaler Funktionseinschränkung.
description: Ongoing expansion of extracellular matrix proteins is a hallmark of progressive chronic renal insufficiency. L-Arginine is a semi-essential amino acid and alters renal matrix accumulation via its endogenous metabolite nitric oxide (NO) in a complex manner. The present study analyzed how administration of L-arginine affects renal matrix accumulation in experimental immune-mediated disease. In acute anti-Thy1 glomerulonephritis of the rat and chronic lupus nephritis of MRL/lpr-mice, activation of the L-arginine-NO-pathway was related to both beneficial and detrimental actions on renal matrix accumulation. This "dual" effect of L-arginine administration essentially reflects the "ambivalent" nature of NO. Antifibrotic actions of L-arginine are associated with increased endothelial NO synthesis. In addition to lowering glomerular blood pressure, endothelial NO production mediates important paracrine antifibrotic actions. Profibrotic effects of L-arginine are related to increased NO production by inducible, destructive NO synthases, resulting in increased organ damage and accelerated progression of chronic kidney insufficiency.
Self-improving property of degenerate parabolic equations of porous medium-type
Creators: name: Gianazza, Ugo
name: Schwarzacher, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K65, 35B65

description: We show that the gradient of solutions to degenerate parabolic equations of porous medium-type satisfies a reverse Hölder inequality in suitable intrinsic cylinders. We modify the by-now classical Gehring lemma by introducing an intrinsic Calderón-Zygmund covering argument, and we are able to prove local higher integrability of the gradient of a proper power of the solution $u$.
description: With respect to the previous version, a detailed application of a proper Vitali covering is given here
Karl Morgensterni aasta 2020
Creators: name: Teemus, Moonika
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli Raamatukogu aastaraamat
Year: 2022

description: The Year of Karl Morgenstern 2020 The year 2020 was in the library called the Year of Morgenstern, as the 250th anniversary of the first library director, professor Karl Morgenstern (1770–1852), was celebrated by a number of events and activities. This was a continuation of a tradition – events and exhibitions were held and publications were issued 50 years ago, in 1970, and 25 years ago, in 1995. As Morgenstern was also the creator and first director of the university art museum, the anniversary events were held in close cooperation with the UT Museum as well as the Department of Classical Studies. The central celebratory event held at the library was the exhibition „The Classic of Tartu. Karl Morgenstern 250”. The main event of the Year of Morgenstern was the joint conference of the library and the museum on 3 December, „Morgenstern and his Time”. To mark the event, a collection of materials in Estonian and English, Qui vult, potest. Karl Morgenstern 250, was published (edited by Jaanika Anderson).
description: Tartu Ülikooli Raamatukogu aastaraamat, Vol. 12 (2022): TÜR aastaraamat 2010-2021
Light propagation in the gravitational field of N arbitrarily moving bodies in the 1.5PN approximation for high-precision astrometry
Creators: name: Zschocke, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-precision astrometry on sub-micro-arcsecond level in angular resolution requires accurate determination of the trajectory of a light-signal from the celestial light source through the gravitational field of the Solar system toward the observer. In this investigation the light trajectory in the gravitational field of N moving bodies is determined in the 1.5 post-Newtonian approximation. In the approach presented two specific issues of particular importance are accounted for: (1) According to the recommendations of International Astronomical Union, the metric of the Solar system is expressed in terms of intrinsic mass-multipoles and intrinsic spin-multipoles of the massive bodies, allowing for arbitrary shape, inner structure and rotational motion of the massive bodies of the Solar system. (2) The Solar system bodies move along arbitrary worldlines which can later be specified by Solar system ephemeris. The presented analytical solution for light trajectory is a primary requirement for extremely high-precision astrometry on sub-micro-arcsecond level of accuracy and associated massive computations in astrometric data reduction. An estimation of the numerical magnitude for time delay and light deflection of the leading multipoles is given.
description: 51 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1509.07279
Tartu Ülikooli raamatukogu seinakalendrid 2002–2022
Creators: name: Teesalu, Ave
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli Raamatukogu aastaraamat
Year: 2022

description: Wall Calendars Published by the University of Tartu Library in 2002–2022 UT Library has since 2002 regularly published wall calendars, which have an important role in introducing to the public the valuable collections of the library. For this reason, we will this year, when the library celebrates its 220th anniversary, discuss the calendars more thoroughly and give an exhausting overview of the themes and the accompanying research of the calendars. The calendars made at the library have also an educational role, helping to introduce and study the treasures held in library collections.
description: Tartu Ülikooli Raamatukogu aastaraamat, Vol. 12 (2022): TÜR aastaraamat 2010-2021
The Role and Effects of Fatty Acids on Astrocyte Derived Exosomes
Creators: name: Stern, Hugo S
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Astrocytes maintain neurons throughout their life cycle making them important for neuron survival. Astrocytes, like all cell types contain a mode of cell to cell signaling to transfer RNA, lipid, proteins etc. The cell-to-cell signaling is called exosomes, these are biological nanoparticles which cells use to send information between each other. Exosomes are produced from the surface of the membrane, depending on the makeup of the bilayer can determine if exosomes production increases or decrease. Specifically, it’s been found that FAs are responsible for this as the more unsaturated the FAs are, the softer the membrane becomes allowing for more exosome budding. However, FAs cannot pass through the BBB easily, it needs to be phosphorylated for them to pass through. This thesis aims to address the problems stated above. The first being the poor ability for FAs to be transmitted across the BBB and their production change. Results demonstrated that exosomes could carry FAs and transmit them to other cell types. Furthermore, the results showed the ability to transfer anti-inflammatory markers between different cell types. In the future these preliminary results can be used to further investigate the capabilities of passing specific molecules to cells in hopes of creating a new drug delivery vehicle.
Inexact Alternating Optimization for Phase Retrieval In the Presence of Outliers
Creators: name: Qian, Cheng
name: Fu, Xiao
name: Sidiropoulos, Nicholas D.
name: Huang, Lei
name: Xie, Junhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Phase retrieval has been mainly considered in the presence of Gaussian noise. However, the performance of the algorithms proposed under the Gaussian noise model severely degrades when grossly corrupted data, i.e., outliers, exist. This paper investigates techniques for phase retrieval in the presence of heavy-tailed noise -- which is considered a better model for situations where outliers exist. An $\ell_p$-norm ($0
description: 23 pages, 16 figures
Communicating with sentences: A multi-word naming game model
Creators: name: Lou, Yang
name: Chen, Guanrong
name: Hu, Jianwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Naming game simulates the process of naming an object by a single word, in which a population of communicating agents can reach global consensus asymptotically through iteratively pair-wise conversations. We propose an extension of the single-word model to a multi-word naming game (MWNG), simulating the case of describing a complex object by a sentence (multiple words). Words are defined in categories, and then organized as sentences by combining them from different categories. We refer to a formatted combination of several words as a pattern. In such an MWNG, through a pair-wise conversation, it requires the hearer to achieve consensus with the speaker with respect to both every single word in the sentence as well as the sentence pattern, so as to guarantee the correct meaning of the saying, otherwise, they fail reaching consensus in the interaction. We validate the model in three typical topologies as the underlying communication network, and employ both conventional and man-designed patterns in performing the MWNG.
description: 19 pagesa, 11 figures, Physica A (2017)
Redundant Array Configurations for 21 cm Cosmology
Creators: name: Dillon, Joshua S.
name: Parsons, Aaron R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realizing the potential of 21 cm tomography to statistically probe the intergalactic medium before and during the Epoch of Reionization requires large telescopes and precise control of systematics. Next-generation telescopes are now being designed and built to meet these challenges, drawing lessons from first-generation experiments that showed the benefits of densely packed, highly redundant arrays--in which the same mode on the sky is sampled by many antenna pairs--for achieving high sensitivity, precise calibration, and robust foreground mitigation. In this work, we focus on the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) as an interferometer with a dense, redundant core designed following these lessons to be optimized for 21 cm cosmology. We show how modestly supplementing or modifying a compact design like HERA's can still deliver high sensitivity while enhancing strategies for calibration and foreground mitigation. In particular, we compare the imaging capability of several array configurations, both instantaneously (to address instrumental and ionospheric effects) and with rotation synthesis (for foreground removal). We also examine the effects that configuration has on calibratability using instantaneous redundancy. We find that improved imaging with sub-aperture sampling via "off-grid" antennas and increased angular resolution via far-flung "outrigger" antennas is possible with a redundantly calibratable array configuration.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures. Revised to match the accepted ApJ version
Modelling Descarbonization Pathways in the Power Sector in Developing Countries: The case of Ecuador
Creators: name: JAIME, GUERRERO
name: TARGELIA, RIVADENEIRA
name: MARCO, YUJATO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Renewable energy
energy planning
OSeMOSYS model
sustainability
natural resources
energy balance
energy efficiency
energy transition
model calibration
SIELAC

description: Presentation of a case study that uses energy modeling tools to understand when and at what scale measures need to be implemented in the electricity sector to meet the growing demand for electricity and, at the same time, comply with safety and environmental constraints. As a fundamental methodological framework, the OSeMOSYS model was used to simulate three crucial scenarios: Business-As-Usual (BAU), Energy Transition (TRN) and Energy Efficiency (EFI). Various parameters related to electricity generation, installed capacity, imports and exports, as well as national energy resources and the growing demand 2015-2070 were considered.
Contrastive Graph Convolutional Networks for Hardware Trojan Detection in Third Party IP Cores
Creators: name: Muralidhar, Nikhil
name: Zubair, Abdullah
name: Weidler, Nathanael
name: Gerdes, Ryan
name: Ramakrishnan, Naren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The availability of wide-ranging third-party intellectual property (3PIP) cores enables integrated circuit (IC) designers to focus on designing high-level features in ASICs/SoCs. The massive proliferation of ICs brings with it an increased number of bad actors seeking to exploit those circuits for various nefarious reasons. This is not surprising as integrated circuits affect every aspect of society. Thus, malicious logic (Hardware Trojans, HT) being surreptitiously injected by untrusted vendors into 3PIP cores used in IC design is an ever present threat. In this paper, we explore methods for identification of trigger-based HT in designs containing synthesizable IP cores without a golden model. Specifically, we develop methods to detect hardware trojans by detecting triggers embedded in ICs purely based on netlists acquired from the vendor. We propose GATE-Net, a deep learning model based on graph-convolutional networks (GCN) trained using supervised contrastive learning, for flagging designs containing randomly-inserted triggers using only the corresponding netlist. Our proposed architecture achieves significant improvements over state-of-the-art learning models yielding an average 46.99% improvement in detection performance for combinatorial triggers and 21.91% improvement for sequential triggers across a variety of circuit types. Through rigorous experimentation, qualitative and quantitative performance evaluations, we demonstrate effectiveness of GATE-Net and the supervised contrastive training of GATE-Net for HT detection.
Development Toward a Ground-Based Interferometric Phased Array for Radio Detection of High Energy Neutrinos
Creators: name: Avva, J.
name: Bechtol, K.
name: Chesebro, T.
name: Cremonisi, L.
name: Deaconu, C.
name: Gupta, A.
name: Ludwig, A.
name: Messino, W.
name: Miki, C.
name: Nichol, R.
name: Oberla, E.
name: Ransom, M.
name: Romero-Wolf, A.
name: Saltzberg, D.
name: Schlupf, C.
name: Shipp, N.
name: Varner, G.
name: Vieregg, A. G.
name: Wissel, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The in-ice radio interferometric phased array technique for detection of high energy neutrinos looks for Askaryan emission from neutrinos interacting in large volumes of glacial ice, and is being developed as a way to achieve a low energy threshold and a large effective volume at high energies. The technique is based on coherently summing the impulsive Askaryan signal from multiple antennas, which increases the signal-to-noise ratio for weak signals. We report here on measurements and a simulation of thermal noise correlations between nearby antennas, beamforming of impulsive signals, and a measurement of the expected improvement in trigger efficiency through the phased array technique. We also discuss the noise environment observed with an analog phased array at Summit Station, Greenland, a possible site for an interferometric phased array for radio detection of high energy neutrinos.
description: 13 Pages, 14 Figures