cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Flussgeschwindigkeiten von Leukozyten über Endothelzellmonolayer
Creators: name: Thanabalasingam, Usan
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: L-Selektin
subject: Endothelzellen
subject: Rollen
subject: Flussgeschwindigkeit
subject: L-Selectin
subject: endothelial cells
subject: rolling
subject: flow velocity
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 33 Medizin
subject: YC 1904
subject: YC 2304

description: Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Untersuchung der Rollgeschwindigkeiten von Leukozyten auf humanen kardialen mikrovaskulären Endothelzellen (HCMEC) und humanen umbilikalen venösen Endothelzellen (HUVEC). Die Endothelzellen wurden aus explantierten humanen Herzen sowie aus menschlichen Nabelschnüren unmittelbar postpartal gewonnen. Unter definierten Bedingungen wurden die in einer Flusskammer gemessenen Geschwindigkeiten von L-Selektin exprimierenden Nalm6-IF4 Zellen auf unstimulierten Endothelzellen mit denen auf stimulierten Endothelzellen verglichen. Die langsamere Geschwindigkeit der Leukozyten auf stimulierten Endothelzellen weist darauf hin, dass L-Selektin Liganden auf humanen kardialen mikrovaskulären Endothelzellen erst nach Stimulation exprimiert werden. Die beobachtete Geschwindigkeitsreduktion der Leukozyten ist jedoch von dem in der Literatur beschriebenen Selektin vermittelten Rollen zu unterscheiden. In den Versuchen mit Tunicamycin wurde gezeigt, dass N-glykosidisch gebundene Zucker kritische Bestandteile der Liganden für ihre Interaktion mit L-Selektin sind. Unter den gleichen Versuchsbedingungen wurde auch der Einfluss E-Selektin vermittelter Interaktionen auf die Geschwindigkeit der HL60 Zellen untersucht. Neben dem typischen Rollen wurde hier ebenfalls eine Selektin abhängige Geschwindigkeitsreduktion gesehen.
description: The aim of the present study was to investigate selectin mediated rolling velocities of leucocytes on human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (HCMEC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). HCMEC were gained from explanted human hearts and HUVEC from umbilical cords immediately postpartum. Flow velocities of L-Selectin expressing Nalm6-IF4 cells on quiesent endothelial cells were compared to those on stimulated endothelial cells. Stimulation of endothelial cells with TNF led to significantly slower velocities of Nalm6-IF4 cells indicating that HCMEC express L-Selectin ligands only after stimulation. The observed reduction of flow velocities differs from rolling of leucocytes described in the literature. Experiments with tunicamycin showed that N-glycosylated carbohydtrate moieties are needed for proper function of L-Selectin ligands. E-Selectin mediated interactions between HL60 cells and endothelial cells were studied under the same conditions. Besides the typical rolling, a selectin mediated reduction of flow velocity was observed.
Single electrons from heavy-flavor mesons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Song, Taesoo
name: Berrehrah, Hamza
name: Torres-Rincon, Juan M.
name: Tolos, Laura
name: Cabrera, Daniel
name: Cassing, Wolfgang
name: Bratkovskaya, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the single electron spectra from $D-$ and $B-$meson semileptonic decays in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=$200, 62.4, and 19.2 GeV by employing the parton-hadron-string dynamics (PHSD) transport approach that has been shown to reasonably describe the charm dynamics at RHIC and LHC energies on a microscopic level. In this approach the initial heavy quarks are produced by using the PYTHIA which is tuned to reproduce the FONLL calculations. The produced heavy quarks interact with off-shell massive partons in QGP with scattering cross sections which are calculated in the dynamical quasi-particle model (DQPM). At energy densities close to the critical energy density the heavy quarks are hadronized into heavy mesons through either coalescence or fragmentation. After hadronization the heavy mesons interact with the light hadrons by employing the scattering cross sections from an effective Lagrangian. The final heavy mesons then produce single electrons through semileptonic decay. We find that the PHSD approach well describes the nuclear modification factor $R_{\rm AA}$ and elliptic flow $v_2$ of single electrons in d+Au and Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=$ 200 GeV and the elliptic flow in Au+Au reactions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=$ 62.4 GeV from the PHENIX collaboration, however, the large $R_{\rm AA}$ at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=$ 62.4 GeV is not described at all. Furthermore, we make predictions for the $R_{\rm AA}$ of $D-$mesons and of single electrons at the lower energy of $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=$ 19.2 GeV. Additionally, the medium modification of the azimuthal angle $ϕ$ between a heavy quark and a heavy antiquark is studied. We find that the transverse flow enhances the azimuthal angular distributions close to $ϕ=$ 0 because the heavy flavors strongly interact with nuclear medium in relativistic heavy-ion collisions and almost flow with the bulk matter.
description: 20 pages, 20 figures
Financial Services, Economic Growth and Well-Being: A Four-Pronged Study
Creators: name: Kashyap, Ravi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A four-pronged approach to dealing with Social Science Phenomenon is outlined. This methodology is applied to Financial Services, Economic Growth and Well-Being. The four prongs are like the four directions for an army general looking for victory. Just like the four directions, we need to be aware that there is a degree of interconnectedness in the below four prongs. -Uncertainty Principle of the Social Sciences -Responsibilities of Fiscal Janitors -Need for Smaller Organizations -Redirecting Growth that Generates Garbage The importance of gaining a more profound comprehension of welfare and delineating its components into those that result from an increase in goods and services, and hence can be attributed to economic growth, and into those that are not related to economic growth but lead to a better quality of life, is highlighted. The reasoning being that economic growth alone is an inadequate indicator of well-being. Hand in hand with a better understanding of the characteristics of welfare, comes the need to consider the metrics we currently have that gauge economic growth and supplement those with measures that capture well-being more holistically.
description: Contains Supplementary Material (Research Questions, Methodology and Data Sources) in the Appendix
Nicephori Callisti Xanthopuli Historia ecclesiastica. Vol. I: libri 1–6. Edidit Albrecht Berger. Vienna 2022 | Nikephoros Xanthopulos. Das Gedicht auf die jüdische Geschichte. Herausgegeben von Albrecht Berger. Munich 2022.
Creators: name: Kaltsogianni, Eleni
Publisher: name: The Byzantine Review
Year: 2023
Subjects: Nikephoros Xanthopulos
edition
translation
Jewish history

description: Nicephori Callisti Xanthopuli Historia ecclesiastica. Vol. I: libri 1–6. Edidit Albrecht Berger (Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae 57/1). Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 2022. 532 pp. – ISBN 978-3-7001-9245-9. Nikephoros Xanthopulos. Das Gedicht auf die jüdische Geschichte. Herausgegeben von Albrecht Berger (Münchner Arbeiten zur Byzantinistik 5). Munich: utzverlag 2022. 209 pp. – ISBN: 978-3-8316-4973-0.
description: The Byzantine Review, Vol. 5 (2023)
Dugaan Suap Kada & Peluang Impeachmant
Creators: name: Djanggih, Hardianto
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dugaan
subject: Impeachmant
subject: Kepala Daerah
subject: Suap

description: UNDANG-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 (UUD NRI 1945) Pasal 1 ayat (2) mengatur bahwa: Kedaulatan berada ditangan rakyat dan dilaksanakan menurut Undang-Undang Dasar”. Dasar konstitusional ini menandaskan bahwa pelaksanaan kedaulatan rakyat disalurkan dan diselenggarakan menurut prosesur konstitusional yang ditetapkan dalam hukum dan konstitusi. Artinya penyelenggaraan pemerintahan yang ideal dan sesuai dengan konsep negara hukum adalah pemerintah yang meletakkan hukum sebagai kerangka penyelenggaraan kekuasaan, serta memberikan peluang kepada rakyat sebagai pemegang kedaulatan untuk turut serta mewujudkan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan yang ideal.
Philipp Winterhager, Migranten und Stadtgesellschaft im frühmittelalterlichen Rom.
Creators: name: Herbers, Klaus
Publisher: name: The Byzantine Review
Year: 2023
Subjects: Greek language
migration
Rome
urban society

description: Philipp Winterhager, Migranten und Stadtgesellschaft im frühmittelalterlichen Rom. Griechischsprachige Einwanderer und ihre Nachkommen im diachronen Vergleich (Europa im Mittelalter 35). Berlin – Boston: de Gruyter 2020. IX, 429 S. – ISBN 978-3-11-067871-0 (€ 109.90)
description: The Byzantine Review, Vol. 5 (2023)
Simultaneous chiral symmetry restoration and deconfinement - Consequences for the QCD phase diagram
Creators: name: Klahn, Thomas
name: Fischer, Tobias
name: Hempel, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For studies of quark matter in astrophysical scenarios the thermodynamic bag model (tdBag) is commonly employed. Although successful, it does not account for dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (D$χ$SB) and repulsions due to the vector interaction which is crucial to explain recent observations of massive, two solar mass neutron stars. In Klähn & Fischer (2015) we developed the novel vBag quark matter model which takes these effects into account. This article extends vBag to finite temperatures and isospin asymmetry. Another particular feature of vBag is the determination of the deconfinement bag constant $B_{\rm dc}$ from a given hadronic equation of state (EoS) in order to ensure that chiral and deconfinement transitions coincide. We discuss consequences of this novel approach for the phase transition construction, the phase diagram, and implications for protoneutron stars.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, published in The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 836, 89 (2017)
Ptolemy constant and uniformity
Creators: name: Harmaala, Eero
name: Klén, Riku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51M05, 30F45

description: We study Ptolemy constant and uniformity constant in various plane domains including triangles, quadrilaterals and ellipses.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures
Multiple sclerosis: 2023 update
Creators: name: Kuhlmann, Tanja
name: Antel, Jack
Publisher: name: Free Neuropathology
Year: 2023
Subjects: Multiple sclerosis
EBV
Remyelination
Slowly expanding lesions
Spatial transcriptomics

description: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most frequent inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the Central Nervous System (CNS). Significant progress has been made during recent years in preventing relapses by using systemic immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive therapies. However, the limited effectiveness of such therapies for controlling the progressive disease course indicates there is a continuous disease progression independent of relapse activity which may start very early during the disease course. Dissecting the underlying mechanisms and developing therapies for preventing or stopping this disease progression represent, currently, the biggest challenges in the field of MS. Here, we summarize publications of 2022 which provide insight into susceptibility to MS, the basis of disease progression and features of relatively recently recognized distinct forms of inflammatory/demyelinating disorders of the CNS, such as myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD).
description: Free Neuropathology, Vol. 4 (2023)
Beyond DSpace 7: the FAIR Repository Platform (Tutorial)
Creators: name: Bollini, Andrea
name: Mornati, Susanna
name: Buso, Irene
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Repositories, Open Repositories, Open Science

description: The “Beyond DSpace 7” Tutorial aims to introduce the latest version of the DSpace platform to the audience and discuss the features particularly relevant in the context of the Open Science FAIR. Repository managers and Open Science officers will find it useful to have updated information about the status of the most adopted open-source repository platform worldwide, and how it enables FAIR principles. The first part of the tutorial will provide a general overview of the DSpace 7 architecture and showcase its basic features, then it will go deeper into interoperability aspects relevant to reach the FAIR goals. DSpace 7.6, the most recent version at the time of the workshop, is expected to support the FAIR Signposting Profile with minimal configuration. The audience will be instructed about how to enable and check the features. In the second part, the status of the COAR Notify implementation in DSpace 7 is presented. The COAR Notify project funded the implementation of the protocol in DSpace to be available out-of-box in DSpace 8 and as a patch for DSpace 7 users. At the time of the workshop the implementation phase of the project will be over, and the pilot phase underway. A patch will be available for DSpace 7.6 for those who cannot wait to have it implemented out-of-box in DSpace 8. Early adopters will be encouraged to provide feedback to the community. The Notify protocol implementation in DSpace will be showcased exploring some of the scenarios that it will enable such as integration with overlay journal platforms, open peer-review services and crosslinking among publications and data repositories.
Neuromuscular disease: 2023 update
Creators: name: Margeta, Marta
Publisher: name: Free Neuropathology
Year: 2023
Subjects: Long COVID
Guillain-Barré syndrome
Wallerian degeneration
Nodes of Ranvier
Muscle regeneration
Chaperonopathy
Target fiber
Inclusion body myositis
Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy
Myotonic dystrophy
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

description: This review highlights ten important advances in the neuromuscular disease field that were reported in 2022. As with prior updates in this article series, the overarching topics include (i) advances in understanding of fundamental neuromuscular biology; (ii) new / emerging diseases; (iii) advances in understanding of disease etiology and pathogenesis; (iv) diagnostic advances; and (v) therapeutic advances. Within this general framework, the individual disease entities that are discussed in more detail include neuromuscular complications of COVID-19 (another look at the topic first covered in the 2021 and 2022 reviews), DNAJB4-associated myopathy, NMNAT2-deficient hereditary axonal neuropathy, Guillain-Barré syndrome, sporadic inclusion body myositis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In addition, the review highlights a few other advances (including new insights into mechanisms of fiber maturation during muscle regeneration and fiber rebuilding following reinnervation, improved genetic testing methods for facioscapulohumeral and myotonic muscular dystrophies, and the use of SARM1 inhibitors to block Wallerian degeneration) that will be of significant interest for clinicians and researchers who specialize in neuromuscular disease.
description: Free Neuropathology, Vol. 4 (2023)
Spin wave excitations in the tetragonal double perovskite Sr$_2$CuWO$_6$
Creators: name: Walker, H. C.
name: Mustonen, O.
name: Vasala, S.
name: Adroja, D. T.
name: Karppinen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sr$_2$CuWO$_6$ is a double perovskite proposed to be at the border between two and three dimensional magnetism, with a square lattice of $S=\frac{1}{2}$ Cu$^{2+}$ ions. We have used inelastic neutron scattering to investigate the spin wave excitations of the system, to find out how they evolve as a function of temperature, as well as to obtain information about the magnetic exchange interactions. We observed well defined dispersive spin wave modes at $6$~K, which partially survive above the magnetic ordering temperature, $T_N=24$~K. Linear spin wave theory is used to determine the exchange interactions revealing them to be highly two-dimensional in nature. Density functional theory calculations are presented supporting this experimental finding, which is in contrast to a previous \emph{ab-initio} study of the magnetic interactions. Our analysis confirms that not the nearest neighbour, but the next nearest neighbour interactions in the tetragonal $ab$ plane are the strongest. Low incident energy measurements reveal the opening of a $0.6(1)$~meV gap below $T_N$, which suggests the presence of a very weak single ion anisotropy term in the form of an easy axis along $\hat{\mathbf{a}}$.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Crashmaster Y: in retromarcia verso Efesto Tracce mitiche negli spot di Lancia Y, tra l'universo Cremaster di Matthew Barney e il mito del dio che forgiava le folgori per Zeus
Creators: name: Brunori, Alex
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2008
Subjects: Ephaestus
Matthew Barney
David Cronenberg

description: Aex Brunori investigates the presence of mythical figures and characters in present day advertising, video-art and cinema.
From maximal to minimal supersymmetry in string loop amplitudes
Creators: name: Berg, Marcus
name: Buchberger, Igor
name: Schlotterer, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate one-loop string amplitudes of open and closed strings with N=1,2,4 supersymmetry in four and six dimensions, by compactification on Calabi-Yau and K3 orbifolds. In particular, we develop a method to combine contributions from all spin structures for an arbitrary number of legs at minimal supersymmetry. Each amplitude is cast into a compact form by reorganizing the kinematic building blocks and casting the worldsheet integrals in a basis. Infrared regularization plays an important role to exhibit the expected factorization limits. We comment on implications for the one-loop string effective action.
description: 52 + 18 pages, v2: published version, minor simplifications in late section 3.3
Stochastic Heat Equation with Colored Noise on Torus
Creators: name: Vickery, William
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: The subject of this doctoral dissertation is the stochastic heat equation on compact manifolds. In general the solution for the stochastic heat equation in dimension greater than 1 requires regularity structures to analyze. White noise fails Dalang’s condition in higher dimensions, and the solution to the stochastic heat equation driven by this noise will be a distribution. In joint work with my advisor we developed a two parameter (α,ρ) family of driving noise, colored in space and white in time, which is adapted to manifold geometry. The noise correlation is defined on the set of Laplace-Beltrami operator eigenvectors, which is a complete orthonormal basis for L2(M). The Wiener calculus then allows one to define the solution using the Skorohod integral, which can also be interpreted as a Walsh integral. The parameter α controls how smooth the noise is; α=0 corresponds to white noise. The parameter ρ controls the lower bound on the noise correlation function; it can be tuned to make the correlation function strictly positive. We focus in particular on the parabolic Anderson model on the flat torus in d-dimensions because the eigenvectors of the Laplace-Beltrami operator correspond to the familiar Fourier series expansion. Using the Itô-Burkholder isometry and the Picard iteration, we express the moments of the solution as a sum of a series of terms Ln. Ln+1 can be analyzed as a (slightly modified) convolution of Ln with the density of pinned Brownian motion. This correspondence allows us to generalize our techniques from the torus to a compact manifold, where the pinned Brownian motion can also be defined. We bound the terms of this sum, establishing an upper bound on the second moment that is exponential in time. This establishes existence and uniqueness results for the solution. Lower bounds on solution moments are also of interest to investigate the phenomenon of intermittency. When the solution moments have exponential lower bounds, the magnitude of the solution exhibits a multi-fractal structure where high peaks intermittent in time appear at different scales. We obtain exponential lower bounds on the solution when ρ>0 by applying the stochastic Feynman-Kac formula and using the ergodic property of Brownian motion on compact manifolds.
The 80 Ms follow-up of the X-ray afterglow of GRB 130427A challenges the standard forward shock model
Creators: name: De Pasquale, M.
name: Page, M. J.
name: Kann, D. A.
name: Oates, S. R.
name: Schulze, S.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Cano, Z.
name: Gendre, B.
name: Malesani, D.
name: Rossi, A.
name: Troja, E.
name: Piro, L.
name: Boër, M.
name: Stratta, G.
name: Gehrels, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRB 130427A was the brightest gamma-ray burst detected in the last 30 years. With an equivalent isotropic energy output of $8.5\times10^{53}$ erg and redshift $z=0.34$, it uniquely combined very high energetics with a relative proximity to Earth. As a consequence, its X-ray afterglow has been detected by sensitive X-ray observatories such as XMM-Newton and Chandra for a record-breaking baseline longer than 80 million seconds. We present the X-ray light-curve of this event over such an interval. The light-curve shows a simple power-law decay with a slope $α= 1.309 \pm 0.007$ over more than three decades in time (47 ks - 83 Ms). We discuss the consequences of this result for a few models proposed so far to interpret GRB 130427A, and more in general the significance of this outcome in the context of the standard forward shock model. We find that this model has difficulty in explaining our data, in both cases of constant density and stellar wind circumburst media, and requires far-fetched values for the physical parameters involved.
description: 15 pages, 4 tables, 1 figure. Version revised following the comments by the referee. Added the possibility of a superbubble, a few tables summarizing the models analyzed, and small changes to the plot. Approved for publication by Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Drahtmarkierung der pulmonalen Rundherde
Creators: name: Berzeg, Semin
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Computertomographie
subject: pulmonale Rundherde
subject: Spiraldraht
subject: Lokalisation
subject: pulmonary nodule
subject: spiral-wire
subject: computer tomography(CT)
subject: localization
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 33 Medizin
subject: YI 7904
subject: YI 7923
subject: YI 7994

description: In der Studie wurde die Drahtmarkierung als Operationshilfsmethode vor der VATSvideo- assistierten Thorakoskopie bei der Abklärung von solitären pulmonalen Rundherden untersucht. Mit dieser Methode konnte der Lungenherd exakt markiert und transthorakal fixiert werden. Intraoperativ wurde der am Draht hängende Herd mit dosierter Kraft nach außen gezogen, endoskopisch verifiziert und komplikationslos entfernt. Bei der Drahtmarkierung wurden drei verschiedene Drähte benutzt, der größte Teil der Markierungen wurde mit dem Somatex-Lokalisationsset 18 G (84) Spiraldraht durchgeführt. Bei 3 Patienten wurde ein minimaler Pneumothorax, bei 5 Patienten eine geringe Einblutung und bei 2 Patienten ein großer Pneumothorax (>1 cm) und bei 3 Patienten beide Komplikationen festgestellt. Bei keinem Patienten war eine Dislokalisation des Drahtes aufgetreten. Chirurgen und Radiologen teilen die Meinung, dass der Spiraldraht patientenkomfortabel, treffsicher anwendbar und zukunftsträchtig ist. Die kombinierte Anwendung von Herdfixation mittels Spiraldraht und videothorakoskopischer Entfernung von Lungenherden ist für pleuraferne und daher oberflächlich nicht sichtbare Lungenherde empfehlenswert.
description: With the increasing use of multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) pulmonary nodules are more often detected. The propose of our study was to evaluate use of the computed tomography guided spiral-wire localization before video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). 54 patients with pulmonary nodules underwent ct-guided application of a spiralwire lung localization-set (Somatom, Berlin, Germany). The average age was 58 years, the mean distance between the nodule and the visceral pleura was 7,9 mm and the mean diameter was 13,1 mm. Following this procedure, the patients underwent a VATS resection. In all patients the placement of the spiral-wire was succesful without any dislocation. The major complications were: Asymtomatic pneumothorax, local bleeding and in 3 patients a combination of local bleeding and a minor pneumothorax. In conclusion wire localization of peripheral pulmonary nodules is a safe and effective procedure to assist VATS resection.
Off-Nominal Rover Driving: Terrain Manipulation and Degraded Mobility Compensation
Creators: name: Pavlov, Catherine
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 90602
subject: Control Systems, Robotics and Automation
subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: Aerospace Engineering

description: This dissertation develops new mobility and manipulation capabilities for planetary exploration rovers through comprehensive wheel-soil interaction modeling and then demonstrates these new techniques on rovers. While wheeled rovers are the current paradigm for robotic space exploration, wheeled mobile robot performance is only well understood for normal driving conditions. A better understanding of wheel-soil interaction lets us do more with rovers in two key ways: 1) add manipulation capabilities through the use of nonprehensile manipulation, e.g. by using wheels to dig, and 2) retain mobility when experiencing degradation of the mobility system, e.g. loss of a wheel motor. Both of these areas require knowledge of wheel-soil interaction forces beyond the scope of existing methods. First, we present the concept of Nonprehensile Terrain Manipulation (NPTM) and illustrate the scope of potential applications for planetary exploration rovers. We then select one NPTM action, wheel-based trench excavation in soft soil, as a candidate action that is achievable on current rovers with no hardware addition but that requires new modeling. Next, we present a closed-form model of soil flow around a wheel driving in regolith that can be used both to model trenches dug by rover wheels and to improve terramechanics models. We then detail a new terramechanics model that covers all slip angles and all ranges of slip and skid and validate it with tests on two wheels operating over a wide range of states. Then, we demonstrate the feasibility of NPTM, the need to account for mobility system failure, and the viability of recovering from failure on full-scale rovers operating in a variety of environments. This is done through a series of demonstrations on NASA rover prototypes in lunar simulant and a Martian analog environment. Finally, we implement an optimization framework to automatically generate driving strategies for both digging trenches in soil and recovering from multiple types of mobility system failure. We demonstrate the generated driving strategies on a miniature rover in soft soil and use the optimization to predict overall rover mobility in these modes.
From local to non-local correlations: the Dual Boson perspective
Creators: name: Stepanov, E. A.
name: Huber, A.
name: van Loon, E. G. C. P.
name: Lichtenstein, A. I.
name: Katsnelson, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extended dynamical mean-field theory (EDMFT) is insufficient to describe non-local effects in strongly correlated systems, since corrections to the mean-field solution are generally large. We present an efficient scheme for the construction of diagrammatic extensions of EDMFT that avoids usual double counting problem by using an exact change of variables (the dual boson formalism) to distinguish the correlations included in the mean-field solution and those beyond. With a computational efficiency comparable to EDMFT+GW approach, our scheme significantly improves on the charge order transition phase boundary in the extended Hubbard model.
description: Misprint in equation (A5) appeared in the previous version of the text has been corrected
Unconventional electron states in $δ$-doped SmTiO$_3$
Creators: name: Lechermann, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mott-insulating distorted perovskite SmTiO$_3$, doped with a single SrO layer in a quantum-well architecture is studied by the combination of density functional theory with dynamical mean-field theory. A rich correlated electronic structure in line with recent experimental investigations is revealed by the given realistic many-body approach to a large-unit-cell oxide heterostructure. Coexistence of conducting and Mott-insulating TiO$_2$ layers prone to magnetic order gives rise to multi-orbital electronic transport beyond standard Fermi-liquid theory. First hints towards a pseudogap opening due to electron-electron scattering within a background of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic fluctuations are detected.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, supplementary material included
Dynamical formation signatures of black hole binaries in the first detected mergers by LIGO
Creators: name: O'Leary, Ryan M.
name: Meiron, Yohai
name: Kocsis, Bence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical formation of stellar-mass black hole-black hole binaries has long been a promising source of gravitational waves for the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO). Mass segregation, gravitational focusing, and multibody dynamical interactions naturally increase the interaction rate between the most massive black holes in dense stellar systems, eventually leading them to merge. We find that dynamical interactions, particularly three-body binary formation, enhance the merger rate of black hole binaries with total mass M_tot roughly as ~M_tot^beta, with beta >~ 4. We find that this relation holds mostly independently of the initial mass function, but the exact value depends on the degree of mass segregation. The detection rate of such massive black hole binaries is only further enhanced by LIGO's greater sensitivity to massive black hole binaries with M_tot
description: Published in ApJL. Added GW150914 & LVT151012 to discussion
Quantum Yang-Mills theory: an overview of a programme
Creators: name: Milsted, Ashley
name: Osborne, Tobias J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an overview of a programme to understand the low-energy physics of quantum Yang-Mills theory from a quantum-information perspective. Our setting is that of the hamiltonian formulation of pure Yang-Mills theory in the temporal gauge on the lattice. Firstly, inspired by recent constructions for $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$ lattice gauge theory, in particular, Kitaev's toric code, we describe the gauge-invariant sector of hilbert space by introducing a primitive quantum gate: the quantum parallel transporter. We then develop a nonabelian generalisation of laplace interpolation to present an ansatz for the ground state of pure Yang-Mills theory which interpolates between the weak- and strong-coupling RG fixed points. The resulting state acquires the structure of a tensor network, namely, a multiscale entanglement renormalisation ansatz, and allows for the efficient computation of local observables and Wilson loops. Various refinements of the tensor network are discussed leading to several generalisations. Finally, the continuum limit of our ansatz as the lattice regulator is removed is then described. This paper is intended as an abstract for an ongoing programme: there are still many open problems.
description: 20 pages, many figures
"Zählen" und "Erzählen". Sind grammatische Konstruktionen das Maß aller Dinge?
Creators: name: Lasch, Alexander
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Herrnhut, Konstruktionsgrammatik, Narration

description: Vortragspräsentation. Paderborn, 19. Juni 2023.
Free factorization algebras and homology of configuration spaces in algebraic geometry
Creators: name: Ho, Q. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide a construction of free factorization algebras in algebraic geometry and link factorization homology of a scheme with coefficients in a free factorization algebra to the homology of its (unordered) configuration spaces. As an application, this construction allows for a purely algebro-geometric proof of homological stability of configuration spaces.
description: The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1007/s00029-017-0339-1, Selecta Mathematica (N.S.) 2017
First results of CMS RPC performance at 13 TeV
Creators: name: Pedraza-Morales, M. I.
name: Shaha, M. A.
name: Shopova, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The muon spectrometer of the CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is equipped with a redundant system made of Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) and Drift Tube (DT) chambers in the barrel, RPC and Cathode Strip Chambers (CSCs) in the endcap region. In this paper, the first results of the performance of the RPC system during 2015 with the LHC running at 13 TeV is presented. The stability of the RPC performance, in terms of efficiency, cluster size and noise, is reported.
description: XIII Workshop on Resistive Plate Chambers and Related Detectors February 22-26, 2016 Ghent University, Belgium
Thermal Global Expansion Coefficient Measurement for a Harmonic Trapped Gas Across Bose-Einstein Condensation
Creators: name: Mercado-Gutierrez, E. D.
name: Poveda-Cuevas, F. J.
name: Bagnato, Vanderlei S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the measurement of the global thermal expansion coefficient of a confined Bose gas of $^{87}\rm Rb$ in a harmonic potential around the Bose-Einstein condensation transition temperature. We use the concept of global thermodynamic variables, previously introduced and appropriated for a non-homogeneous system. We observe the behavior of the thermal expansion coefficient above and below the critical temperature showing the lambda-like shape present in superfluid helium. The study demonstrates the potentiality of global thermodynamic variables for the investigation of properties across the critical temperature and a new way to study the thermodynamic properties of the quantum systems.
description: Title updated
Correlation functions with fusion-channel multiplicity in W3 Toda field theory
Creators: name: Belavin, Vladimir
name: Estienne, Benoit
name: Foda, Omar
name: Santachiara, Raoul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current studies of WN Toda field theory focus on correlation functions such that the WN highest-weight representations in the fusion channels are multiplicity-free. In this work, we study W3 Toda 4-point functions with multiplicity in the fusion channel. The conformal blocks of these 4-point functions involve matrix elements of a fully-degenerate primary field with a highest-weight in the adjoint representation of sl3, and a semi-degenerate primary field with a highest-weight in the fundamental representation of sl3. We show that, when the fusion rules are obeyed, the matrix elements of the fully-degenerate adjoint field, between two arbitrary descendant states, can be computed explicitly, on equal footing with the matrix elements of the semi-degenerate fundamental field. Using null-state conditions, we obtain a fourth-order Fuchsian differential equation for the conformal blocks. Using Okubo theory, we show that, due to the presence of multiplicities, this differential equation belongs to a class of Fuchsian equations that is different from those that have appeared so far in WN theories. We solve this equation, compute its monodromy group, and construct the monodromy-invariant correlation functions.
description: 44 pages, v2 =published version
Essays on Contemporary Matching and Allocation Problems
Creators: name: Celdir, Musa
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 10206
subject: Operations Research
subject: Economics

description: In this dissertation, I investigate contemporary matching and allocation problems in various settings. In the first chapter, I provide remedies to overcome size-based disparities in the current liver allocation system. In the second chapter, I study the existence of popularity bias in the recomendation systems of online dating platforms. In the third chapter, I investigate how introducing protective measures to combat infectious diseases can contribute to an increase in infection rates....
Representations of twisted Yangians of types B, C, D: I
Creators: name: Guay, Nicolas
name: Regelskis, Vidas
name: Wendlandt, Curtis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We initiate a theory of highest weight representations for twisted Yangians of types B, C, D and we classify the finite-dimensional irreducible representations of twisted Yangians associated to symmetric pairs of types CI, DIII and BCD0.
description: 55 pages, minor changes and corrections
Evaluating the Role of APOE Genotype in Modulating Hippocampal Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Activity
Creators: name: Scheinman, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: With an aging population, AD is rapidly becoming a severe public health concern effecting roughly 1 in 9 adults age 65 and older. The development of novel approaches to prevent, slow, or treat AD is imperative and the primary focus of AD research. However, therapeutics targeting traditional pathways such as A have produced mixed, often negative, results. Therefore, the identification of novel pathways contributing to AD development and progression is key for the advancement of the field. One such pathway is the brain angiotensin system, in particular the Angiotensin II Type 1 (AT1) receptor. AT1 receptor activation in the brain is associated with many factors that both directly and indirectly lead to neuron dysfunction, many of which are also linked to APOE4, the greatest genetic risk factor for AD. Therefore, the goal of this thesis was to address the interaction of APOE genotype and the brain angiotensin II/AT1 receptor axis on neuron function and behavior in an AD-relevant context. Initially, we treated mice that express human APOE4 and human amyloid- (E4FAD) with the Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB) Candesartan, which selectively inhibits the AT1 receptor. Compared to vehicle, candesartan treatment resulted in greater memory-relevant behavior and higher hippocampal presynaptic protein levels in female, but not male, E4FAD mice. The beneficial effects of candesartan in female E4FAD mice occurred in tandem with lower GFAP and Iba1 levels in the hippocampus, whereas there were no effects on markers of cerebrovascular function and Aβ levels. These results indicated that the AT1 receptor in the hippocampus may be modulating neuron function directly in the context of APOE4. To test this, we evaluated the effect of exogenous angiotensin II on the electrophysiological properties of hippocampal neurons in mice that express human APOE3 (E3FAD) or APOE4 (E4FAD) and overproduce Aβ. We established that APOE genotype independently modulates hippocampal neuron function and that while AT1 receptor activation did not impact basal synaptic transmission or synaptic facilitation, it did have a strong inhibitory effect on LTP. In summary, we demonstrated that with APOE4, activation of the AT1 receptor interferes with synaptic processes that underly learning and memory either directly, or indirectly by contributing to the APOE4-associated neuroinflammatory phenotype. These findings illuminate the brain angiotensin system as a potential pathway by which APOE4 induces cellular and behavioral deficits that contribute to AD risk and development.
Fast and High-Fidelity Entangling Gate through Parametrically Modulated Longitudinal Coupling
Creators: name: Royer, Baptiste
name: Grimsmo, Arne L.
name: Didier, Nicolas
name: Blais, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate an approach to universal quantum computation based on the modulation of longitudinal qubit-oscillator coupling. We show how to realize a controlled-phase gate by simultaneously modulating the longitudinal coupling of two qubits to a common oscillator mode. In contrast to the more familiar transversal qubit-oscillator coupling, the magnitude of the effective qubit-qubit interaction does not rely on a small perturbative parameter. As a result, this effective interaction strength can be made large, leading to short gate times and high gate fidelities. We moreover show how the gate infidelity can be exponentially suppressed with squeezing and how the entangling gate can be generalized to qubits coupled to separate oscillators. Our proposal can be realized in multiple physical platforms for quantum computing, including superconducting and spin qubits.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Supplemental Material
On Combinatorial and Stochastic Optimization
Creators: name: Zhou, Rudy
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 10206
subject: Operations Research
subject: Theoretical Computer Science

description: In this dissertation, we study four problems in computational and stochastic optimization. We design new algorithmic techniques, leading to improved algorithms for fundamental clustering and scheduling problems. The first two chapters give improved approximation algorithms for classic combinatorial optimization problems. The final two chapters consider combinatorial optimization under stochastic uncertainty. For these problems, we give improved approximations as well as characterize the power of adaptivity…
Active hydrodynamics of synchronization and ordering in moving oscillators
Creators: name: Banerjee, Tirthankar
name: Basu, Abhik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of emergent collective behaviors of moving physical agents interacting with their neighborhood is a long-standing open issue in physical and biological systems alike. This calls for studies on the control of synchronization and the degree of order in a collection of diffusively moving noisy oscillators. We address this by constructing a generic hydrodynamic theory for active phase fluctuations in a collection of large number of nearly phase-coherent moving oscillators in two dimensions. Our theory describes the general situation where phase fluctuations and oscillator mobility mutually affect each other. We show that the interplay between the active effects and the mobility of the oscillators leads to a variety of phenomena, ranging from synchronization with long range, nearly long range and quasi long range orders to instabilities and desynchronization with short range order of the oscillator phases. We highlight the complex dependences of synchronization on the active effects. These should be testable in wide ranging systems, e.g., oscillating chemical reactions in the presence of different reaction inhibitors/facilitators, live oriented cytoskeletal extracts, or vertebrate segmentation clocks.
Harnack and Shmul'yan pre-order relations for Hilbert space contractions
Creators: name: Badea, Catalin
name: Suciu, Laurian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A10, 47A45

description: We study the behavior of some classes of Hilbert space contractions with respect to Harnack and Shmul'yan pre-orders and the corresponding equivalence relations. We give some conditions under which the Harnack equivalence of two given contractions is equivalent to their Shmul'yan equivalence and to the existence of an arc joining the two contractions in the class of operator-valued contractive analytic functions on the unit disc. We apply some of these results to quasi-isometries and quasi-normal contractions, as well as to partial isometries for which we show that their Harnack and Shmul'yan parts coincide. We also discuss an extension, recently considered by S.~ter~Horst [\emph{J. Operator Th. 72(2014), 487--520}], of the Shmul'yan pre-order from contractions to the operator-valued Schur class of functions. In particular, the Shmul'yan-ter Horst part of a given partial isometry, viewed as a constant Schur class function, is explicitly determined.
description: final version, 23 pages
MIChI Workshop Series
Creators: name: Rayya, Noura
name: Fischer, Tillmann
name: Jung, Nicole
name: Klix, Michael
name: Koepler, Oliver
name: Kuhn, Stefan
name: Liermann, Johannes
name: Nainala, Venkata Chandrasekhar
name: Neumann, Steffen
name: Sharma, Nisha
name: Voll, Dominik
name: Steinbeck, Christoph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: NFDI4Chem
MIChI
MI
Minimum Information
FAIR
Standards
Polymer
NMR

description: NFDI4Chem is developing Minimum Information for Chemical Investigations (MIChI) standards in a series of international workshops corresponding to subdisciplines of chemistry. The accepted consensus for a specification of MIChI will be conveyed to and discussed with the stakeholders to ensure worldwide acceptance. Before the publication of the standards, there will be a Request for Comments (RFC) as part of a public review.