cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
psychological impact of the pandemic: the effects of COVID-19 pictures on emotional processing
Creators: name: Ribatti, Raffaella Maria
name: Curci, Antonietta
name: Lanciano, Tiziana
Publisher: name: Psychology Hub
Year: 2022

description: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect the lives of billions of people in recurrent waves. The present study aims to investigate the effects of exposure to COVID-related pictures on affective states, working memory performance, rumination, and intrusion. Negative emotions -- such as those aroused by the pandemic -- trigger a post-emotional elaboration depleting working memory resources required to perform other tasks. We expected a greater negative affect state, a greater impairment in working memory performance (as assessed by a visuospatial task), and a greater persistence of rumination and intrusion in participants exposed to COVID-19-related pictures as compared with emotional and neutral pictures. Results on a sample of 96 subjects show that when participants were requested to process COVID-19 pictures, their negative affective states increased over time (p<0.05), but the same does not hold for the emotional and neutral conditions. Furthermore, when participants were requested to process COVID-19 pictures, they exhibited a relevant persistence of long-term rumination (p<0.05), in particular in its deliberate form (p<0.05), and a significant persistence of intrusive thoughts (p<0.005). These considerations lead to serious concerns about post-event processing as a long-term consequence of the ongoing pandemic.
description: Psychology Hub, Vol. 39 No. 1 (2022): Special Issue Effect of Covid-19 pandemic: vulnerability and resources. Part 2
The Formation of Eccentric Compact Binary Inspirals and the Role of Gravitational Wave Emission in Binary-Single Stellar Encounters
Creators: name: Samsing, Johan
name: MacLeod, Morgan
name: Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inspiral and merger of eccentric binaries leads to gravitational waveforms distinct from those generated by circularly merging binaries. Dynamical environments can assemble binaries with high eccentricity and peak frequencies within the {\it LIGO} band. In this paper, we study binary-single stellar scatterings occurring in dense stellar systems as a source of eccentrically-inspiraling binaries. Many interactions between compact binaries and single objects are characterized by chaotic resonances in which the binary-single system undergoes many exchanges before reaching a final state. During these chaotic resonances, a pair of objects has a non-negligible probability of experiencing a very close passage. Significant orbital energy and angular momentum are carried away from the system by gravitational wave (GW) radiation in these close passages and in some cases this implies an inspiral time shorter than the orbital period of the bound third body. We derive the cross section for such dynamical inspiral outcomes through analytical arguments and through numerical scattering experiments including GW losses. We show that the cross section for dynamical inspirals grows with increasing target binary semi-major axis, $a$, and that for equal-mass binaries it scales as $a^{2/7}$. Thus, we expect wide target binaries to predominantly contribute to the production of these relativistic outcomes. We estimate that eccentric inspirals account for approximately one percent of dynamically assembled non-eccentric merging binaries. While these events are rare, we show that binary-single scatterings are a more effective formation channel than single-single captures for the production of eccentrically-inspiraling binaries, even given modest binary fractions.
description: submitted to ApJ
Distinguishing electronic and vibronic coherence in 2D spectra by their temperature dependence
Creators: name: Perlík, Václav
name: Lincoln, Craig
name: Šanda, František
name: Hauer, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-lived oscillations in 2D spectra of chlorophylls are at the heart of an ongoing debate. Their physical origin is either a multi-pigment effect, such as excitonic coherence, or primarily stems from localized vibrations. In the present work, we analyze distinguishing characteristics of relative phase difference measured between diagonal- and cross-peak oscillations. While direct discrimination between the two scenarios is obscured when peaks overlap, their sensitivity to temperature provides a stronger argument. We show that vibrational (vibronic) oscillations change relative phase with temperature, while electronic oscillations are only weakly dependent. This highlights that studies of relative phase difference as a function of temperature provide a clear and easily accessible method to distinguish between vibrational and electronic coherences.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
title: Zusammenstellung der von der Reichsversammlung in erster Lesung gefaßten Beschlüsse über die Abschnitte der deutschen Reichsverfassung; [1849]
title: I. Das Reich. II. Die Reichsgewalt. III. Das Reichsoberhaupt. IV. Der Reichsrath. V. Der Reichstag. VI. Das Reichsgericht. VII. Die Grundrechte. VIII. Gewähr der Reichsversammlung. ...
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel
Gas and dark matter in the Sculptor group: NGC 55
Creators: name: Westmeier, Tobias
name: Koribalski, Bärbel S.
name: Braun, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new, sensitive HI observations of the Sculptor group galaxy NGC 55 with the Australia Telescope Compact Array. We achieve a 5 sigma HI column density sensitivity of 10^19 cm^-2 over a spectral channel width of 8 km/s for emission filling the 158" x 84" synthesised beam. Our observations reveal for the first time the full extent of the HI disc of NGC 55 at this sensitivity and at a moderately high spatial resolution of about 1 kpc. The HI disc of NGC 55 appears to be distorted on all scales. There is a strong east-west asymmetry in the column density distribution along the major axis, suggesting that the disc is under the influence of ram-pressure forces. We also find evidence of streaming motions of the gas along the bar of NGC 55. The fitting of tilted rings to the velocity field reveals a strong warping of the outer gas disc which could be the result of tidal interaction with either NGC 300 or a smaller satellite galaxy. Finally, we find a large number of distinct clumps and spurs across the entire disc, indicating that internal or external processes, such as satellite accretion or gas outflows, have stirred up the gas disc. We also detect several isolated HI clouds within about 20 kpc projected distance from NGC 55. Their dynamical properties and apparent concentration around NGC 55 suggest that most of the clouds are forming a circum-galactic population similar to the high-velocity clouds of the Milky Way and M31, although two of the clouds could be foreground objects and part of the Magellanic Stream. While it is difficult to determine the origin of these clouds, our data seem to favour either tidal stripping or gas outflows as the source of the gas.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables; accepted for publication in MNRAS
GYRE: An open-source stellar oscillation code based on a new Magnus Multiple Shooting Scheme
Creators: name: Townsend, R. H D.
name: Teitler, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new oscillation code, GYRE, which solves the stellar pulsation equations (both adiabatic and non-adiabatic) using a novel Magnus Multiple Shooting numerical scheme devised to overcome certain weaknesses of the usual relaxation and shooting schemes appearing in the literature. The code is accurate (up to 6th order in the number of grid points), robust, efficiently makes use of multiple processor cores and/or nodes, and is freely available in source form for use and distribution. We verify the code against analytic solutions and results from other oscillation codes, in all cases finding good agreement. Then, we use the code to explore how the asteroseismic observables of a 1.5 M_sun star change as it evolves through the red-giant bump.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Oberkirchenrat i.R. Gottfried Klapper, D.D. zum 70. Geburtstag
Creators: name: Foerster, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Lutherische Kirche in der Welt
Year: 1970

description: Lutherische Kirche in der Welt, Bd. 35 (1988): Lutherische Kirche in der Welt, Band 35
Supplementary Material
Creators: name: Zagli, Niccolò
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 29902 Complex Physical Systems
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 10506 Statistical Mechanics, Physical Combinatorics and Mathematical Aspects of Condensed Matter
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 10406 Stochastic Analysis and Modelling

description: This is the supplementary material for the publication now on arxiv (https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.07904) and in the process of being published.
Students’ Use of Mathematical Language as They Discover Formulas for Surface Area and Volume Using Cuisenaire rods
Creators: name: Fanik, Juliet F.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: This session was recorded in the first two days during which a group of students explore the concepts of surface area and volume. On camera there are four students; Brian, Michael, Romina, and Michelle. These events display the use of student’s mathematical language as they progress throughout the session while working on problems of surface area and volume. The mathematical language that students use include; units of surface area, units of volume, the discussion of formulas for both surface area and volume, and vocabulary of dimensions (ends, faces, length, width). As we progress through the session, more questions are posed, and students formalize their language and formula’s for surface area. They use manipulatives called Cuisenaire rods through the entire lesson as they generate these understandings with the group. Students begin the session by using the Cuisenaire rods to come up with a general formula for surface area. They are then directed to work on volume where Romina comes up with the formula L=V. Students question this and suggest a different formula, V=L^3. When Romina hears this, she assumes the length should be cubed to get volume. Students pose this formula L=V to Researcher Maher, and then clarifies to students that this is not a true statement, and length and volume are two distinct units. she further advises that students work on their mathematical language. Students go back to the question of surface area and Brian suggests the formula for surface area = the quantity ‘length times four plus two’ times the number of rods. Michelle claims that the hidden faces would not be counted and suggests a different way of finding the surface area. The other students agree with this and ask researcher Maher if it is acceptable. Researcher Maher asks sudents to clarify the meaning behind the terms they chose to use, and further suggests they use square units rather than the term faces. She additionally specifies again the difference in the units used for volume and surface area. The use of stamping is suggested to students to find surface area, as suggested earlier in the session. Finally, Michael comes up with a formula that worked using precise language and all other students agree with this statement.
Stark Ionization of Atoms and Molecules within Density Functional Resonance Theory
Creators: name: Larsen, Ask Hjorth
name: De Giovannini, Umberto
name: Whitenack, Daniel Lee
name: Wasserman, Adam
name: Rubio, Angel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the energetics and lifetimes of resonances of finite systems under an external electric field can be captured by Kohn--Sham density functional theory (DFT) within the formalism of uniform complex scaling. Properties of resonances are calculated self-consistently in terms of complex densities, potentials and wavefunctions using adapted versions of the known algorithms from DFT. We illustrate this new formalism by calculating ionization rates using the complex-scaled local density approximation and exact exchange. We consider a variety of atoms (H, He, Li and Be) as well as the hydrogen molecule. Extensions are briefly discussed.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures. This document is the unedited Author's version of a Submitted Work that was subsequently accepted for publication in J.Phys.Chem.Lett., copyright (c) American Chemical Society after peer review. To access the final edited and published work see http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jz401110h
Survival of molecular gas in cavities of transition disks (I. CO)
Creators: name: Bruderer, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) Planet formation is closely related to the structure and dispersal of protoplanetary disks. A certain class of disks, called transition disks, exhibit cavities in dust images at scales of up to a few 10s of AU. The formation mechanism of the cavities is still unclear. The gas content of such cavities can be spatially resolved for the first time using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). We have developed a new series of models to simulate the physical conditions and chemical abundances of the gas in cavities to address the question whether the gas is primarily atomic or molecular inside the dust free cavities exposed to intense UV radiation. Molecular/atomic line emission by carbon monoxide (CO), its isotopologues (13CO, C18O, C17O, and 13C18O) and related species ([CI], [CII], and [OI]) is predicted for comparison with ALMA and the Herschel Space Observatory. The gas can remain in molecular form down to very low amounts of gas in the cavity. Shielding of the stellar radiation by a dusty inner disk (pre-transition disk) allows CO to survive down to lower gas masses in the cavity. The main parameter for the CO emission from cavity is the gas mass. Other parameters such as the outer disk mass, bolometric luminosity, shape of the stellar spectrum or PAH abundance are less important. Since the CO pure rotational lines readily become optically thick, the CO isotopologues need to be observed in order to quantitatively determine the amount of gas in the cavity. A wide range of gas masses in the cavity of transition disks (~4 orders of magnitude) can be probed using combined observations of CO isotopologue lines with ALMA. Measuring the gas mass in the cavity will ultimately help to distinguish between different cavity formation theories.
description: Accepted by A&A, 21 pages, 20 figures
Medical student perspectives on the change to pass/fail scoring for the USMLE Step 1 Exam
Creators: name: DeCampos-Stairiker, Mallory
name: Gheewala, Rohi
Publisher: name: Oregon Health & Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Education, Medical
subject: USMLE Step 1
subject: Student Wellness
subject: Clinical and Systems Science
subject: Advancing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Medical Education
subject: Test Anxiety
subject: Social Inequality
subject: Socioeconomic Factors

description: Examination (USMLE) Step 1 historically reported scores on a numerical scale, but this reporting system changed to pass/fail in January 2022. While there have been a number of studies surrounding residency advisor opinions on the change, there have been very few formal assessments of medical student opinions. The purpose of this study is to investigate Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) medical student perspectives on the change, specifically regarding wellness and career planning. Methods: Data was collected via a 27-question anonymous Qualtrics survey. Recruitment took place via OHSU email to the School of Medicine Classes of 2024 and 2025. Medical students who took the Step 1 Exam and received a pass/fail report were eligible to participate. Data collection occurred from January to March 2023. Results: 99 eligible students completed the survey. 66.7% of students felt that the scoring change overall improved student wellness. However, 52.5% reported “poor” or “terrible” wellness and 38.4% reported feeling anxious “nearly every day” during the 5-week dedicated study period. 29.3% of students reported that the change to a pass/fail output has affected their interest or confidence in pursuing certain specialties, and 75.8% reported feeling pressured to pursue more research and extracurricular activities. Conclusions: Despite pass/fail scoring being intended to improve student wellness, a large proportion of medical students continue to experience poor wellness while preparing for the exam. The change has also led to a heightened sense of uncertainty regarding how to prepare for residency. It is imperative that medical schools expand career advising efforts and continually update recommendations for students in order to ensure adequate preparation for residency and their future life as a physician. Students would also benefit from increased transparency from residency programs regarding evaluation metrics that are made clear for each specialty and/or program.
Individuals with neurodegenerative disease discuss values about the speed-accuracy trade-off in communication BCIs (Brain Computer Interfaces)
Creators: name: Kinsella, Michelle
name: Stevens, Ian
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Rehabilitation
subject: Brain-Computer Interfaces
subject: Assistive Technology
subject: Brain-Machine Interfaces
subject: Neurodegenerative Disorders

description: Introduction: People who cannot communicate because of severe speech and physical impairments secondary to neurodegenerative disease may consider brain-computer interfaces (BCI) as an option for expression. Communication BCIs are not as accurate or fast as spoken language. The slow rate or inaccurate word choices might be a barrier to adoption. Understanding how potential end-users conceptualize this trade-off is critical for designing devices. This study examined the values that potential end-users ascribed to the speed-accuracy trade-off. Methods and Results: Sixty-six individuals with neurodegenerative disease responded to prompts about six hypothetical ethical vignettes, either in semi-structured interviews or through online surveys. Responses were analyzed using a consensus coding and modified grounded theory approach [1], supplemented by a directed content analysis [2]. Four themes emerged. (1) Disease progression may contribute to the trade-off between speed and accuracy. (2) Individual experiences with technology use inform their views. (3) There is a range of views about how slow or inaccurate communication may impact their quality of life. (4) Design solutions are proposed to address trade-offs. Discussion: Engineers, developers and researchers often consider speed to be the gold standard for communication BCIs, stating that end-users want to produce messages faster. Respondents told us that speed may not always be the most critical value. Their disease state, the context, partner, message, and environment affect the prioritization of speed or accuracy during message preparation. Developers and researchers need to measure more than speed. Communication plays a critical role in many aspects of life that users value. Often, input for BCI design does not include individuals who experience disability [3]. The potential end-users must shape the design, training, and implementation of communication devices for individuals who are losing their ability to express themselves with natural speech.
The Distributed Computing Paradigms: P2P, Grid, Cluster, Cloud, and Jungle
Creators: name: Kahanwal, Dr. Brijender
name: Singh, Dr. T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The distributed computing is done on many systems to solve a large scale problem. The growing of high-speed broadband networks in developed and developing countries, the continual increase in computing power, and the rapid growth of the Internet have changed the way. In it the society manages information and information services. Historically, the state of computing has gone through a series of platform and environmental changes. Distributed computing holds great assurance for using computer systems effectively. As a result, supercomputer sites and data centers have changed from providing high performance floating point computing capabilities to concurrently servicing huge number of requests from billions of users. The distributed computing system uses multiple computers to solve large-scale problems over the Internet. It becomes data-intensive and network-centric. The applications of distributed computing have become increasingly wide-spread. In distributed computing, the main stress is on the large scale resource sharing and always goes for the best performance. In this article, we have reviewed the work done in the area of distributed computing paradigms. The main stress is on the evolving area of cloud computing.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures, journal
Variations and Correlations in Cyclotron Resonant Scattering Features of Vela X-1 Studied by INTEGRAL
Creators: name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-term hard X-ray monitoring observations on high mass X-ray binary Vela X-1 from 2003 -- 2011 have been performed by INTEGRAL. I systematically analyzed the average hard X-ray spectra of Vela X-1 from 3 -- 200 keV, with main aims to detect cyclotron resonant scattering features and study their variation patterns with accreting luminosities and orbital phases. The cyclotron scattering lines of Vela X-1 at $\sim 22 - 27$ keV and $49 - 57$ keV are confirmed in the average spectra of Vela X-1. But in the flare states with hard X-ray luminosity higher than $\sim 5\times 10^{36}$ erg s$^{-1}$ (3 -- 100 keV), the fundamental line cannot be detected. This feature suggests that a fan-like beam radiation pattern is expected in high luminosity ranges of Vela X-1. Variations of the cyclotron line energies and depths are discovered, which may change with continuum spectral properties. Both cyclotron line energies show no correlations with X-ray luminosity. The fundamental line energy shows no significant correlations with photon index and cutoff energy. While, the first harmonic energy shows a positive correlation with photon index and exponential cutoff energy. The energy ratio of two cyclotron lines always higher than 2 has the weak correlation with photon index and cutoff energy. These relations support that the X-ray spectral properties of accreting X-ray pulsars are affected by cyclotron resonance scattering. In the case of Vela X-1, the broader and deeper first harmonic would play the main role to cause the spectral variations. The positive correlations between the ratio of line width to energy and the corresponding depth for both two lines support a cylindrical column accretion geometry in Vela X-1.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, 1 table, to be published in MNRAS
Sleep in orthopedic surgery: a literature review
Creators: name: Lipps, Colin
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sleep
subject: Sleep Deprivation
subject: Orthopedic Procedures
subject: Clinical and Systems Science
subject: Orthopedic Surgery
subject: Sleep Insufficiency

description: Introduction: Sleep is vital to human mood, cognition, and dexterity. There is plentiful literature studying sleep deprivation in general surgeons, especially related to cognitive performance and surgical simulation. Orthopedic surgeons represent a population with unique challenges in their training, such as a high physical demand. We aim to understand current literature studying sleep in the orthopedic surgery population. Methods: MEDLINE, Psychinfo, and EMBASE were searched. Articles were reviewed by two independent reviewers. Inclusion criteria were 1) non-review articles discussing sleep in orthopedic surgery, 2) orthopedic-specific data measured and reported, 3) enrollment of attending/consultant or resident/house officer or fellow orthopedic surgeons, 4) reporting of sleep-related variables and 5) published in a peer-reviewed journal. Expert opinion articles, commentary articles, and those with data not directly relevant to orthopedic surgery were excluded. Results: 10 studies met inclusion criteria. The population was 232 residents, 10 fellows, and 560 attendings. Nightly mean sleep hours was reported in seven articles, all of which measured this sleep measure via self-report questionnaires. Two of the articles reported overall sleepiness but differed in how they measured this variable: Stanford sleepiness scale versus Epworth Sleepiness scale. Two studies utilized wearable technology to report objective measures of sleep but differed in devices used: Actigraphy versus Whoop Band. One study generated their own definition of ‘sleep-deprived’ and measured the total number of sleep-deprived surgeons operating on patients. One study reported the number of dozed-off sleep events as their primary outcome, which was a self-report measure. Conclusions: Despite the critical influence sleep has on cognition, mood, and performance, there is scarce literature describing sleep in orthopedic surgeons. Importantly, the existing literature largely utilizes subjective measures of sleep, allowing for significant levels of bias. These findings suggest there is a pressing need for literature studying objective measures of sleep in orthopedic surgeons.
Multi-scale second harmonic generation microscopy of ferroelectric domains in x-cut thin-film lithium niobate
Creators: name: Doshi, Sagar P.
name: West, Gavin N.
name: Gray, Dodd
name: Ram, Rajeev J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) is a widely used platform for nonlinear frequency conversion, as its strong nonlinear susceptibility and enhanced modal confinement intensify nonlinear interactions. Frequency doubling from NIR to visible wavelengths necessitates fabrication of quasi-phase matching (QPM) gratings with minimal period variation (<20nm) and control of ferroelectric domain inversion at the micron-scale along centimeter-long waveguides. Second harmonic generation microscopy (SHM) is a powerful tool for optimizing domain engineering (E-field poling), and it enabled the fabrication of near-ideal QPM gratings. Here, we show that increasing the SHM raster scan step size from 200nm to 400nm results in a 4x imaging speedup without sacrificing the accuracy of QPM grating characterization. To that end, Monte Carlo simulation of the coupled rate equations agreed with experimental measurements of second harmonic output power. We also employed a statistical subsampling scheme to characterize 5.6 mm-long waveguides (poling period = 3.240um) in approximately 5 minutes (30 seconds per field x 10 fields per waveguide). Each field is 100 microns in length, so our results indicate that sampling only ~300 periods of a QPM grating is sufficient to accurately predict its second harmonic output. For the device characterized, this corresponds to ~20% of the total grating length. Together, discretization and device-length subsampling speed up SHM imaging by an order of magnitude.
Efficient Computation of Power, Force, and Torque in BEM Scattering Calculations
Creators: name: Reid, M. T. Homer
name: Johnson, Steven G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present concise, computationally efficient formulas for several quantities of interest -- including absorbed and scattered power, optical force (radiation pressure), and torque -- in scattering calculations performed using the boundary-element method (BEM) [also known as the method of moments (MOM)]. Our formulas compute the quantities of interest \textit{directly} from the BEM surface currents with no need ever to compute the scattered electromagnetic fields. We derive our new formulas and demonstrate their effectiveness by computing power, force, and torque in a number of example geometries. Free, open-source software implementations of our formulas are available for download online.
Performance of the TOTEM Detectors at the LHC
Creators: name: TOTEM Collaboration
name: Antchev, G.
name: Aspell, P.
name: Atanassov, I.
name: Avati, V.
name: Baechler, J.
name: Bagliesi, M. G.
name: Berardi, V.
name: Berretti, M.
name: Bossini, E.
name: Bottigli, U.
name: Bozzo, M.
name: Brücken, E.
name: Buzzo, A.
name: Cafagna, F. S.
name: Catanesi, M. G.
name: Cecchi, R.
name: Covault, C.
name: Csanád, M.
name: Csörgő, T.
name: Deile, M.
name: Doubek, M.
name: Eggert, K.
name: Eremin, V.
name: Ferro, F.
name: Fiergolski, A.
name: Garcia, F.
name: Giani, S.
name: Greco, V.
name: Grzanka, L.
name: Heino, J.
name: Hilden, T.
name: Karev, A.
name: Kašpar, J.
name: Kopal, J.
name: Kundrát, V.
name: Lami, S.
name: Latino, G.
name: Lauhakangas, R.
name: Leszko, T.
name: Lippmaa, E.
name: Lippmaa, J.
name: Lokajíček, M.
name: Losurdo, L.
name: Vetere, M. Lo
name: Rodríguez, F. Lucas
name: Macrí, M.
name: Mäki, T.
name: Mercadante, A.
name: Minafra, N.
name: Minutoli, S.
name: Nemes, F.
name: Niewiadomski, H.
name: Oliveri, E.
name: Oljemark, F.
name: Orava, R.
name: Oriunno, M.
name: Österberg, K.
name: Palazzi, P.
name: Pedreschi, E.
name: Procházka, J.
name: Quinto, M.
name: Radermacher, E.
name: Radicioni, E.
name: Ravotti, F.
name: Robutti, E.
name: Ropelewski, L.
name: Ruggiero, G.
name: Saarikko, H.
name: Scribano, A.
name: Smajek, J.
name: Snoeys, W.
name: Spinella, F.
name: Sziklai, J.
name: Taylor, C.
name: Thys, A.
name: Turini, N.
name: Vacek, V.
name: Vítek, M.
name: Welti, J.
name: Whitmore, J.
name: Wyszkowski, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The TOTEM Experiment is designed to measure the total proton-proton cross-section with the luminosity-independent method and to study elastic and diffractive pp scattering at the LHC. To achieve optimum forward coverage for charged particles emitted by the pp collisions in the interaction point IP5, two tracking telescopes, T1 and T2, are installed on each side of the IP in the pseudorapidity region 3.1 < = |eta | < = 6.5, and special movable beam-pipe insertions - called Roman Pots (RP) - are placed at distances of +- 147 m and +- 220 m from IP5. This article describes in detail the working of the TOTEM detector to produce physics results in the first three years of operation and data taking at the LHC.
description: 40 pages, 31 figures, submitted to Int. J. Mod. Phys. A
title: Le stage « Archéologie environnementale » : une approche thématique et transversale des sciences naturelles appliquées à l’archéologie préventive
Creators: name: Boulen, Muriel
name: Broes, Frédéric
name: Cammas, Cécilia
name: Clavel, Benoît
name: Coubray, Sylvie
name: Deschodt, Laurent
name: Figueiral, Isabel
name: Frère, Stéphane
name: Le Bailly, Matthieu
name: Lecomte-Schmitt, Blandine
name: Martin, Sophie
name: Verdin, Pascal
name: Yvinec, Jean-Hervé
Publisher: name: Inrap
Year: 2020

description: La formation interne de l’Inrap « Archéologie environnementale » vise à présenter les apports des différentes disciplines bioarchéologiques et géoarchéologiques mises en œuvre pour une meilleure compréhension des activités humaines au cours du temps. Des exemples croisés sont présentés par thématique, comme la restitution du paysage, l’exploitation des milieux, les pratiques funéraires, artisanales, agro-pastorales et alimentaires. Les différents thèmes y sont traités de façon transversale, en hiérarchisant les apports et limites de chacune des disciplines : géomorphologie, pédologie, micromorphologie, palynologie, malacologie, carpologie, xylo- et anthracologie, étude des phytolithes, entomologie, paléoparasitologie, archéozoologie et ichtyologie. Le stage est également un moment d’échanges entre les intervenants et les stagiaires (responsables et techniciens d’opération, directeurs adjoints scientifiques et techniques), mais aussi avec les « décideurs » et personnes en charge des prescriptions, afin que puissent être envisagées, en amont, les études les mieux adaptées aux contextes et aux problématiques scientifiques.
description: Inrap’s internal learning aims to present the benefits of the different disciplines (bioarchaeology and geoarchaeology) used for a better understanding of human activities oven time. Cross-cutting examples are presented by theme, such landscape restitution, exploitation of environments, funeral practices, handcrafts, agro-pastoral and food practices. The different themes are treated in a transversal way, by ranking the contributions and limits of each discipline: geomorphology, pedology, micromorphology, palynology, malacology, carpology, xylo- and anthracology, study of phytoliths, entomology, palaeoparasitology, archaeozoology and ichthyology. The stage is also a time for exchanges between the speakers and trainees (excavation managers, technicians, scientific and technical assistant directors), but also with the « decision-makers » and people in charge of the prescriptions, so that the most appropriate studies can be envisaged, upstream, according to the contexts and scientific issues.
title: Des Sicherheitsausschusses Glück und Ende; [1848]
title: Als in den Maitagen das Central-Comité aufgelöst wurde, gab es viele Klagen, bitteres Weh. Manche Hoffnungen der Mitglieder desselben gingen in Dunst auf, ... : Wien am 27. August 1848
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Johannes
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel
Spirometry in a longitudinal pediatric population pre- and post COVID-19 infection
Creators: name: Harris, Julia
name: Martin, Alec
name: Milner, Kristin
name: Tiller, Christina
name: Brownsberger, Julie
name: Vuylsteke, Brittany
name: Petrey, Anna
name: Mazziotti, Julianna
name: Rabe, Katy
name: Park, Byung
name: Tepper, Robert
name: McEvoy, Cindy
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Public Health
subject: COVID-19
subject: Spirometry
subject: Wheeze
subject: Heart, Lung, & Blood
subject: Pregnancy Complications
subject: Smoking
subject: Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
subject: Substance-Related Disorders
subject: Maternal Behavior
subject: Cigarette Smoking
subject: COVID-19 Complications

description: As of December 2022, over 15 million children have tested positive for COVID-19. Little is known about how this novel virus may impact long term health outcomes in children, particularly respiratory health of children exposed to in-utero and postnatal cigarette smoke. At this time there is no literature on spirometry pre and post COVID-19 infection in a pediatric population. To compare forced expiratory flows (FEFs) pre and post COVID-19 infection in a longitudinal cohort of children born to pregnant smokers. The occurrence of wheeze was also compared. We identified children with a diagnosis of COVID-19 between 2/2020 to 9/2022 from a cohort of 213 children (age 5-8 years) being followed longitudinally from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of vitamin C supplementation versus placebo to pregnant smokers. These children are studied with yearly spirometry. Inclusion criteria: 1) Offspring of a pregnant smoker randomized in the above RCT; 2) Parent reported Yes to, “Has a healthcare provider ever told you that your child had, or likely had, COVID-19?” or a confirmed positive COVID-19 test via nasal swab; 3) Spirometry completed within one year pre- and post COVID-19 infection. The primary outcome was the comparison of FEFs (specifically FEF25-75 [FEF between 25% and 75% expired volume]) pre- and post COVID-19 infection. The occurrence of wheeze in the 1 year pre- and post COVID-19 diagnosis (yes versus no) was also compared. 36 children met the inclusion criteria (64% white non-Hispanic; 47% male; 69% living with a smoking primary caregiver at the time of the pre-COVID spirometry). Median age at COVID-19 infection was 7.0 years (range 5.4-8.8 years). None of the children required hospitalization. There was no significant difference between the pre- and post- spirometry data (Table 1) after adjustment for sex, race, height, and age at testing. Four children had wheeze in the year prior to infection, compared to 11 in the year post COVID-19 infection. The results in this subset of patients from an ongoing longitudinal cohort show no difference in spirometry/ FEF25-75 in children born to pregnant smokers when tested within one-year pre and post COVID-19 infection.
New X-ray Selected Pre-Main Sequence Members of the Serpens Molecular Cloud
Creators: name: Oliveira, Isa
name: van der Laan, Margriet
name: Brown, Joanna M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of young stars no longer surrounded by disks can greatly add to our understanding of how protoplanetary disks evolve and planets form. We have used VLT/FLAMES optical spectroscopy to confirm the youth and membership of 19 new young diskless stars in the Serpens Molecular Cloud, identified at X-ray wavelengths. Spectral types, effective temperatures and stellar luminosities were determined using the optical spectra and optical/near-IR photometry. Stellar masses and ages were derived based on PMS evolutionary tracks. The results yield remarkable similarities for age and mass distribution between the diskless and disk-bearing stellar populations in Serpens. We discuss the important impli- cations these similarities may have on the standard picture of disk evolution.
description: Accepted for publication at the Astronomical Journal. 21 pages, 7 figures and 5 tables
The prevalence of osteoporosis and low femoral neck bone density among never-smoking U.S. adults with exposure to secondhand smoke: a cross-sectional study using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
Creators: name: Zhou, Felicia
name: Haglund, Mikaela
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Epidemiology
subject: Public Health
subject: Osteoporosis
subject: Tobacco Smoke Pollution
subject: Low femoral neck bone density
subject: BMD
subject: Secondhand Smoke
subject: Serum Cotinine
subject: Never-smokers

description: Objective: Epidemiological studies have observed an association between exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) and low bone mineral density (BMD) among current and past smokers. However, there is a knowledge gap in elucidating this association among never-smoking adults. The objective of this study is to examine the association between SHS exposure, measured by serum cotinine levels, and BMD for never-smoking U.S. adults. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 3,224 never-smoking U.S. adults aged 50 years and older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles 2007-2008, 2009-2010, and 2013-2014. Serum cotinine, a biomarker for tobacco exposure, was the exposure variable while low femoral neck bone density and osteoporosis were the outcome variables. We investigated the association between SHS exposure and low BMD and osteoporosis using weighted multinomial logistic regression models. Further, we performed subgroup analyses stratified by sex and tested for interaction. Results: The crude weighted prevalence of low BMD was 41.6% (95% CI: 39.4%, 43.8%), and osteoporosis was 6.0% (95% CI: 5.1%, 7.0%). Among adults exposed to SHS, we found a not statistically significant inverse weak association between SHS and low BMD (aOR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.67, 1.20). For SHS and osteoporosis, we found a not statistically significant moderate inverse association (aOR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.40, 1.06). Additionally, we did not find evidence that the associations differed by sex (P = 0.41). Conclusions: Our study found null associations between SHS and low BMD or osteoporosis. Similarly, we did not find evidence to support this association differed by sex.
Effects of Anti-COVID Face Masks on Contagion Risk Evaluation: Wearing a Mask Intensifies Moral Judgments Towards Risky Behaviors
Creators: name: Perini, Matteo
name: Sciara, Simona
Publisher: name: Psychology Hub
Year: 2022

description: We investigated the effects of complying with measures aimed at offsetting the risks of spreading COVID-19 on the evaluation of risks themselves. We concentrated on faces masks, being an easily manipulable condition that represents one of the most widespread, effective, and debated preventive measures to deal with the pandemic. Wearing face masks is an effortful behavior that, from the individual’s perspective, is justified as far as there are prudential or moral reasons to avoid the risks posed by COVID-19. Consequently, wearing masks without accepting these reasons is a condition that can trigger cognitive dissonance (Festinger, 1957). The attempt to prevent or reduce dissonance, we argue, would promote attitude change with respect to the risks associated with the pandemic. This can be done by altering beliefs and emotions about the risks themselves or about the morally appropriate behavior related to these risks. In the present study, we tested this hypothesis by measuring the attitudes toward risks associated with COVID-19 of three randomized groups of participants: a group was asked to wear face masks, a second received no specific request, and a third was asked to put on an item of clothing unrelated to the pandemic. The data collected showed an effect of mask-wearing on the moral judgments related to COVID-19 risks, with no significant results for other morality-unrelated attitudes toward risks.
description: Psychology Hub, Vol. 39 No. 1 (2022): Special Issue Effect of Covid-19 pandemic: vulnerability and resources. Part 2
The Five-day challenge: How to turn a change in a chance.
Creators: name: Galanti, Teresa
name: Fantinelli, Stefania
name: Cortini, Michela
name: Di Fiore, Teresa
Publisher: name: Psychology Hub
Year: 2022

description: Introduction. The social and sanitary emergency due to the spread of Coronavirus has certainly represented one of the most difficult challenges of contemporary world that has put at risk the psycho-physical health of people. Some studies in the field of psychological sciences have turned their attention to the impact of restrictive confinement within own homes, on the well-being and quality of life. Isolation, the lack of opportunity to socialization, the sense of job insecurity and economic precariousness, as well as the difficulty in managing a daily life without routine and predictability, have put a strain on people’s resilience, exposing them to numerous psycho-social risks. Aim of the study. Moving within Positive Psychology, the present action-research is aimed to investigate the level of well-being of Italians during the lockdown and promote the acquisition of proactive behaviours and self-empowerment. Method. We developed a self-report questionnaire and designed an intervention, called “the five-days challenge: how to turn a change into a chance”. A triangulated methodology has been implemented in order to enrich the data from a double point of view, qualitative and quantitative. Results. Firstly, it was observed that dispositional optimism was positive associated with wellbeing, but that this positive association will be significantly mediated, in a negative way, by state anxiety. Secondly, the results have shown a statically significant effect of the intervention proposed on anxiety level reduction of participants. Implication. To sum up, the five-days challenge seemed to be a practical and operative intervention to promote self-empowerment in various situations dominated by uncertainty, which requires a great effort in terms of resilience and reappropriation of meaning.
description: Psychology Hub, Vol. 39 No. 1 (2022): Special Issue Effect of Covid-19 pandemic: vulnerability and resources. Part 2
Online training tools for nanosafety assessment – NanoCommons for researchers and safety assessors in industry, academia and regulatory authorities
Creators: name: Himly, Martin
name: Geppert, Mark
name: Papadiamantis, Anastasios
name: Duschl, Albert
name: Lynch, Iseult
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: nanoinformatics, hazard assessment, exposure assessment, data FAIRness, safe-by-design

description: NanoCommons is a research e-infrastructure project offering access to high quality nanoinformatics tools and services for nanotechnology and nanosafety stakeholders (academia, industry, regulators). It is user-led, offering and developing the services needed by the user community of nanotechnology, nanosafety and related fields. NanoCommons is built on 3 main pillars: joint research activities, networking activities and transnational access services, covering four categories relevant for nanosafety assessment: experimental workflows design and implementation; data processing and analysis; data visualisation and predictive toxicity; data storage and online accessibility. These services are designed to promote data FAIRness (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable), a key NanoCommons goal, that can be made Open through the NanoCommons Knowledgebase. Thus, NanoCommons provides innovative solutions for data mining, harmonisation, utilisation and re-utilisation, including incorporation of a range of modelling and decision support tools that require and/or can produce organised, high-quality datasets. A number of online training tools have been developed for each of the offered services to help users chose and use the services relevant to their needs. The NanoCommons help-desk and training library shall bridge academic research with industry and regulators, as recommended by the EU NanoSafety Cluster‘s “Closer to the Market” Research Roadmap serving the Safe-by-Design concept in nanotechnology.
Java File Security System (JFSS)
Creators: name: Kahanwal, Dr. Brijender
name: Dua, Kanishak
name: Singh, Dr. Girish Pal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays, storage systems are increasingly subject to attacks. So the security system is quickly becoming mendatory feature of the data storage systems. For the security purpose we are always dependent on the cryptography techniques. These techniques take the performance costs for the complete system. So we have proposed the Java File Security System(JFSS). It is based on the on-demand computing system concept, because of the performance issues. It is a greate comback for the system performance. The concept is used because, we are not always in need the secure the files, but the selected one only. In this paper, we have designed a file security system on Windows XP. When we use the operating system, we have to secure some important data. The date is always stored in the files, so we secure the important files well. To check the proposed functionality, we experiment the above said system on the Windows operating system. With these experiments, we have found that the proposed system is working properly, according to the needs of the users.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures, Journal