cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MOCCA-SURVEY Database I: Eccentric Black Hole Mergers During Binary-Single Interactions In Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Samsing, Johan
name: Askar, Abbas
name: Giersz, Mirek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the population of eccentric gravitational wave (GW) binary black hole (BBH) mergers forming during binary-single interactions in globular clusters (GCs), using ~ 800 GC models that were evolved using the MOCCA code for star cluster simulations as part of the MOCCA-Survey Database I project. By re-simulating binary-single interactions (only involving 3 BHs) extracted from this set of GC models using an N-body code that includes GW emission at the 2.5 post-Newtonian level, we find that ~ 10% of all the BBHs assembled in our GC models that merge at present time form during chaotic binary-single interactions, and that about half of this sample have an eccentricity > 0.1 at 10 Hz. We explicitly show that this derived rate of eccentric mergers is ~ 100 times higher than one would find with a purely Newtonian N-body code. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the eccentric fraction can be accurately estimated using a simple analytical formalism when the interacting BHs are of similar mass; a result that serves as the first successful analytical description of eccentric GW mergers forming during three-body interactions in realistic GCs.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, revised manuscript has been accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 9 of Validation of a novel associative transcriptomics pipeline in Brassica oleracea: identifying candidates for vernalisation response
Creators: name: Woodhouse, Shannon
name: He, Zhesi
name: Woolfenden, Hugh
name: Steuernagel, Burkhard
name: Haerty, Wilfried
name: Bancroft, Ian
name: Irwin, Judith A.
name: Morris, Richard J.
name: Wells, Rachel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 9: Linkage disequilibrium decay. A) Bo8g089990.1:453:T, miR172D candidate. B) Bo9g179000.1:2589:G, ELF6 candidate. C) Bo7g026810.1:124:G, FIP1 candidate. D) Bo7g104810.1:204:T, miR172D candidate.
An Improved Algorithm for Evaluation of Fixpoint Expressions
Creators: name: A.  Browne
name: Clarke, Edmund M
name: S.  Jha
name: D. E. Long
name: W.  Marerro
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many automated finite-state verification procedures can be viewed as fixpoint computations over a finite lattice (typically the powerset of the set of system states). For this reason, fixpoint calculi such as those proposed by Kozen and Park have proved useful, both as ways to describe verification algorithms and as specification formalisms in their own right. We consider the problem of evaluating expressions in these calculi over a given model. A naive algorithm for this task may require time nq, where n is the maximum length of a chain in the lattice and q is the depth of fixpoint nesting. In 1986, Emerson and Lei presented a method requiring about nd steps, where d is the number of alternations between least and greatest fixpoints. More recent algorithms have succeeded in reducing the exponent by one or two, but the complexity has remained at about nd. In this paper, we present a new algorithm that makes extensive use of monotonicity considerations to solve the problem in about nd/2 steps.
Additional file 2 of Overexpression VaPYL9 improves cold tolerance in tomato by regulating key genes in hormone signaling and antioxidant enzyme
Creators: name: Nai, Guojie
name: Liang, Guoping
name: Ma, Weifeng
name: Lu, Shixiong
name: Li, Yanmei
name: Gou, Huimin
name: Guo, Lili
name: Chen, Baihong
name: Mao, Juan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Addirional file 2: Supplementary Table S2. All quantitative real-time primers for the expression level.
A Novel Implicit Neural Representation for Volume Data
Creators: name: Sheibanifard, Armin
name: Yu, Hongchuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The storage of medical images is one of the challenges in the medical imaging field. There are variable works that use implicit neural representation (INR) to compress volumetric medical images. However, there is room to improve the compression rate for volumetric medical images. Most of the INR techniques need a huge amount of GPU memory and a long training time for high-quality medical volume rendering. In this paper, we present a novel implicit neural representation to compress volume data using our proposed architecture, that is, the Lanczos downsampling scheme, SIREN deep network, and SRDenseNet high-resolution scheme. Our architecture can effectively reduce training time, and gain a high compression rate while retaining the final rendering quality. Moreover, it can save GPU memory in comparison with the existing works. The experiments show that the quality of reconstructed images and training speed using our architecture is higher than current works which use the SIREN only. Besides, the GPU memory cost is evidently decreased
Influence of VN foam liner density on impact attenuation of an ice hockey helmet
Creators: name: Meehan, Andrew
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017

description: Ice hockey players wear helmets to protect against traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to mitigate the risk of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), such as concussion. Variations in external geometry and liner material type, thickness, and density can influence the protective capacity of a helmet. It would be beneficial to understand how liner material properties influence the helmet’s ability to manage the linear acceleration (linked to TBI) and rotational acceleration (linked to mTBI) forces of an impact. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the influence of VN foam liner density on the impact attenuation of an ice hockey helmet. Helmets fitted with three different densities of 0.5” vinyl nitrile (VN) foam liner (VN600, VN740, and VN1000) and a commercially available VN-lined helmet (V08) were impacted on a Shore A MEP pad at 4.5m/s and 6.5m/s across three sites, using a monorail drop rig. At 4.5m/s, the VN740 liner yielded the lowest linear acceleration across all three sites, and the lowest rotational acceleration at the front and side. At 6.5m/s, the VN1000 liner yielded the lowest linear acceleration at the side and rear, while the VN740 liner yielded the lowest rotational acceleration across all three sites. Overall, the medium-density VN740 liner effectively managed rotational acceleration forces, thus reducing the risk of concussive injury. Additionally, it is recommended that standards organizations perform test impacts at 4.5m/s to identify greater differences in protective capacity among helmets. Future studies may examine the influence of liner thickness on impact attenuation of an ice hockey helmet.
Model compression for faster structural separation of macromolecules captured by Cellular Electron Cryo-Tomography
Creators: name: Guo, Jialiang
name: Zhou, Bo
name: Zeng, Xiangrui
name: Freyberg, Zachary
name: Xu, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Electron Cryo-Tomography (ECT) enables 3D visualization of macromolecule structure inside single cells. Macromolecule classification approaches based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) were developed to separate millions of macromolecules captured from ECT systematically. However, given the fast accumulation of ECT data, it will soon become necessary to use CNN models to efficiently and accurately separate substantially more macromolecules at the prediction stage, which requires additional computational costs. To speed up the prediction, we compress classification models into compact neural networks with little in accuracy for deployment. Specifically, we propose to perform model compression through knowledge distillation. Firstly, a complex teacher network is trained to generate soft labels with better classification feasibility followed by training of customized student networks with simple architectures using the soft label to compress model complexity. Our tests demonstrate that our compressed models significantly reduce the number of parameters and time cost while maintaining similar classification accuracy.
description: 8 pages
Supplemental figures from Identifying global favourable habitat for early juvenile loggerhead sea turtles
Creators: name: Harrison, Cheryl S.
name: Luo, Jessica Y.
name: Putman, Nathan F.
name: Li, Qingfeng
name: Sheevam, Pooja
name: Krumhardt, Kristen
name: Stevens, Jessica
name: Long, Matthew C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021

description: captions are in the document
Accountability in Code Review: The Role of Intrinsic Drivers and the Impact of LLMs
Creators: name: Alami, Adam
name: Jensen, Victor Vadmand
name: Ernst, Neil A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accountability is an innate part of social systems. It maintains stability and ensures positive pressure on individuals' decision-making. As actors in a social system, software developers are accountable to their team and organization for their decisions. However, the drivers of accountability and how it changes behavior in software development are less understood. In this study, we look at how the social aspects of code review affect software engineers' sense of accountability for code quality. Since software engineering (SE) is increasingly involving Large Language Models (LLM) assistance, we also evaluate the impact on accountability when introducing LLM-assisted code reviews. We carried out a two-phased sequential qualitative study (interviews -> focus groups). In Phase I (16 interviews), we sought to investigate the intrinsic drivers of software engineers influencing their sense of accountability for code quality, relying on self-reported claims. In Phase II, we tested these traits in a more natural setting by simulating traditional peer-led reviews with focus groups and then LLM-assisted review sessions. We found that there are four key intrinsic drivers of accountability for code quality: personal standards, professional integrity, pride in code quality, and maintaining one's reputation. In a traditional peer-led review, we observed a transition from individual to collective accountability when code reviews are initiated. We also found that the introduction of LLM-assisted reviews disrupts this accountability process, challenging the reciprocity of accountability taking place in peer-led evaluations, i.e., one cannot be accountable to an LLM. Our findings imply that the introduction of AI into SE must preserve social integrity and collective accountability mechanisms.
description: 45 pages; accepted at ACM TOSEM 2025
Cross-language Framework for Word Recognition and Spotting of Indic Scripts
Creators: name: Bhunia, Ayan Kumar
name: Roy, Partha Pratim
name: Mohta, Akash
name: Pal, Umapada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Handwritten word recognition and spotting of low-resource scripts are difficult as sufficient training data is not available and it is often expensive for collecting data of such scripts. This paper presents a novel cross language platform for handwritten word recognition and spotting for such low-resource scripts where training is performed with a sufficiently large dataset of an available script (considered as source script) and testing is done on other scripts (considered as target script). Training with one source script and testing with another script to have a reasonable result is not easy in handwriting domain due to the complex nature of handwriting variability among scripts. Also it is difficult in mapping between source and target characters when they appear in cursive word images. The proposed Indic cross language framework exploits a large resource of dataset for training and uses it for recognizing and spotting text of other target scripts where sufficient amount of training data is not available. Since, Indic scripts are mostly written in 3 zones, namely, upper, middle and lower, we employ zone-wise character (or component) mapping for efficient learning purpose. The performance of our cross-language framework depends on the extent of similarity between the source and target scripts. Hence, we devise an entropy based script similarity score using source to target character mapping that will provide a feasibility of cross language transcription. We have tested our approach in three Indic scripts, namely, Bangla, Devanagari and Gurumukhi, and the corresponding results are reported.
description: Accepted in Pattern Recognition, Elsevier(2018)
Automated Query-Product Relevance Labeling using Large Language Models for E-commerce Search
Creators: name: Sachdev, Jayant
name: Rosario, Sean D
name: Phatak, Abhijeet
name: Wen, He
name: Kirti, Swati
name: Tripathy, Chittaranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurate query-product relevance labeling is indispensable to generate ground truth dataset for search ranking in e-commerce. Traditional approaches for annotating query-product pairs rely on human-based labeling services, which is expensive, time-consuming and prone to errors. In this work, we explore the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) to automate query-product relevance labeling for large-scale e-commerce search. We use several publicly available and proprietary LLMs for this task, and conducted experiments on two open-source datasets and an in-house e-commerce search dataset. Using prompt engineering techniques such as Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting, In-context Learning (ICL), and Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) with Maximum Marginal Relevance (MMR), we show that LLM's performance has the potential to approach human-level accuracy on this task in a fraction of the time and cost required by human-labelers, thereby suggesting that our approach is more efficient than the conventional methods. We have generated query-product relevance labels using LLMs at scale, and are using them for evaluating improvements to our search algorithms. Our work demonstrates the potential of LLMs to improve query-product relevance thus enhancing e-commerce search user experience. More importantly, this scalable alternative to human-annotation has significant implications for information retrieval domains including search and recommendation systems, where relevance scoring is crucial for optimizing the ranking of products and content to improve customer engagement and other conversion metrics.
Global gyrokinetic simulations of intrinsic rotation in ASDEX Upgrade Ohmic L-mode plasmas
Creators: name: Hornsby, W. A.
name: Angioni, C.
name: Lu, Z. X.
name: Fable, E.
name: Erofeev, I.
name: McDermott, R.
name: Medvedeva, A.
name: Lebschy, A.
name: Peeters, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-linear, radially global, turbulence simulations of ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) plasmas are performed and the nonlinear generated intrinsic flow shows agreement with the intrinsic flow gradients measured in the core of Ohmic L-mode plasmas at nominal parameters. Simulations utilising the kinetic electron model show hollow intrinsic flow profiles as seen in a predominant number of experiments performed at similar plasma parameters. In addition, significantly larger flow gradients are seen than in a previous flux-tube analysis (Hornsby et al {\it Nucl. Fusion} (2017)). Adiabatic electron model simulations can show a flow profile with opposing sign in the gradient with respect to a kinetic electron simulation, implying a reversal in the sign of the residual stress due to kinetic electrons. The shaping of the intrinsic flow is strongly determined by the density gradient profile. The sensitivity of the residual stress to variations in density profile curvature is calculated and seen to be significantly stronger than to neoclassical flows (Hornsby et al {\it Nucl. Fusion} (2017)). This variation is strong enough on its own to explain the large variations in the intrinsic flow gradients seen in some AUG experiments. Analysis of the symmetry breaking properties of the turbulence shows that profile shearing is the dominant mechanism in producing a finite parallel wave-number, with turbulence gradient effects contributing a smaller portion of the parallel wave-vector.
EUV Emission and Scattered Light Diagnostics of Equatorial Coronal Holes as Seen by Hinode/EIS
Creators: name: Wendeln, Carolyn
name: Landi, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopic diagnostics of solar coronal plasmas critically depends on the uncertainty in the measured line intensities. One of the main sources of uncertainty is instrumental scattered light, which is potentially most important in low-brightness areas. In the solar corona, such areas include polar and equatorial coronal holes, which are the source regions of the solar wind; instrument-scattered light must thus pose a significant obstacle to studies of the source regions of the solar wind. In this paper we investigate the importance of instrument-scattered light on observations of equatorial coronal holes made by the Hinode/EIS spectrometer in two different phases of the solar cycle. We find that the instrument-scattered light is significant at all temperatures, and in both regions it amounts to approximately 10% of the average intensity of the neighboring quiet Sun regions. Such contribution dominates the measured intensity for spectral lines formed at temperatures larger than Log T = 6.15 K, and has deep implications for spectroscopic diagnostics of equatorial coronal hole plasmas and studies of the source regions of a large portion of the solar wind which reaches Earth. Our results suggest that the high temperature tail of in the coronal hole plasma distribution with temperature, however small, is an artifact due to the presence of scattered light.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
3C454.3 reveals the structure and physics of its 'blazar zone'
Creators: name: Sikora, M.
name: Moderski, R.
name: Madejski, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent multi-wavelength observations of 3C454.3, in particular during its giant outburst in 2005, put severe constraints on the location of the 'blazar zone', its dissipative nature, and high energy radiation mechanisms. As the optical, X-ray, and millimeter light-curves indicate, significant fraction of the jet energy must be released in the vicinity of the millimeter-photosphere, i.e. at distances where, due to the lateral expansion, the jet becomes transparent at millimeter wavelengths. We conclude that this region is located at ~10 parsecs, the distance coinciding with the location of the hot dust region. This location is consistent with the high amplitude variations observed on ~10 day time scale, provided the Lorentz factor of a jet is ~20. We argue that dissipation is driven by reconfinement shock and demonstrate that X-rays and gamma-rays are likely to be produced via inverse Compton scattering of near/mid IR photons emitted by the hot dust. We also infer that the largest gamma-to-synchrotron luminosity ratio ever recorded in this object - having taken place during its lowest luminosity states - can be simply due to weaker magnetic fields carried by a less powerful jet.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Double-Robust Estimation in Difference-in-Differences with an Application to Traffic Safety Evaluation
Creators: name: Li, Fan
name: Li, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Difference-in-differences (DID) is a widely used approach for drawing causal inference from observational panel data. Two common estimation strategies for DID are outcome regression and propensity score weighting. In this paper, motivated by a real application in traffic safety research, we propose a new double-robust DID estimator that hybridizes regression and propensity score weighting. We particularly focus on the case of discrete outcomes. We show that the proposed double-robust estimator possesses the desirable large-sample robustness property. We conduct a simulation study to examine its finite-sample performance and compare with alternative methods. Our empirical results from a Pennsylvania Department of Transportation data suggest that rumble strips are marginally effective in reducing vehicle crashes.
description: 31 pages, 1 figure, 5 tables; the paper is published in Observational Studies
Additional file 1 of Feasibility of a specific task-oriented training versus its combination with manual therapy on balance and mobility in people post stroke at the chronic stage: study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Traxler, Kristina
name: Schinabeck, Franz
name: Baum, Eva
name: Klotz, Edith
name: Seebacher, Barbara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. CONSORT checklist - extension to randomised pilot and feasibility trials
An improved particle swarm optimization algorithm and its application to search for new magnetic ground states in the Hubbard model
Creators: name: Ruan, Ze
name: Jiang, Xiu-Cai
name: Song, Ze-Yi
name: Zhang, Yu-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed and its superiority over standard particle swarm optimization algorithm is tested on two typical benchmark functions. By employing this algorithm to search for the magnetic ground states of the Hubbard model on the real-space square lattice with finite size based on the mean-field approximation, two new magnetic states, namely the double striped-type antiferromagnetic state and the triple antiferromagnetic state, are found. We further perform mean-field calculations in the thermodynamical limit to confirm that these two new magnetic states are not a result of a finite-size effect, where the properties of the double striped-type antiferromagnetic state are also presented.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Chemical Reactions: A Journey into Phase Space
Creators: name: Agaoglou, Makrina
name: Aguilar-Sanjuan, Broncio
name: García-Garrido, Victor Jose
name: García-Meseguer, Rafael
name: González-Montoya, Francisco
name: Katsanikas, Matthaios
name: Krajňák, Vladimir
name: Naik, Shibabrat
name: Wiggins, Stephen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: dynamical-systems
chemical-reactions
phase-space-transport
transition-state-theory

description: Chemistry is concerned with the transformation of matter. In more detail, it is concerned with the breaking, formation, and rearrangement of bonds in molecules. Fundamentally, these descriptions highlight “changes in time”. Mathematically, the study of systems changing in time is the subject of dynamical systems theory. This book represents an account of our research group’s efforts to date in bringing the mathematical framework of dynamical systems theory to bear on chemical reaction dynamics. Link to GitHub repo: https://github.com/champsproject/chem_react_dyn Link to website: chemicalreactions.io
description: EPSRC Grant Number: EP/P021123/1
Towards ISS disturbance attenuation for randomly switched systems
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Debasish
name: Liberzon, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93D21, 93E15

description: We are concerned with input-to-state stability (ISS) of randomly switched systems. We provide preliminary results dealing with sufficient conditions for stochastic versions of ISS for randomly switched systems without control inputs, and with the aid of universal formulae we design controllers for ISS-disturbance attenuation when control inputs are present. Two types of switching signals are considered: the first is characterized by a statistically slow-switching condition, and the second by a class of semi-Markov processes.
description: 6 pages, to appear in the Proceedings of the 46th IEEE Conference on Decision & Control, 2007
ÉCONOMIE POLITIQUE DE L’INTÉGRATION ÉCONOMIQUE EN AFRIQUE DE L’OUEST
Creators: name: Camara, Saidouba
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020

description: Pour les pays d’Afrique de l’Ouest, l’intégration régionale est présentée comme un moyen pour les aider à surmonter les enjeux de développement auxquels ils font face. Les pays, regroupés au sein de la CEDEAO tentent depuis quelques années d’accroître les liens commerciaux au sein de la zone à travers un projet d’intégration régionale ambitieux. Cependant, la plupart des pays disposent de ressources limitées et de cadres institutionnels peu solides pour mener à bien leur projet. De plus, les économies de la région ont des structures économiques semblables tournées vers les exportations de matières premières et agricoles vers les pays industrialisés et émergents. Ils n’ont donc pas beaucoup de choses à échanger entre eux. Puis, il y a un manque de coordination entre les pays, qui peut être expliqué par l’absence d’un hégémon régionale qui serait garant du bon fonctionnement des structures mises en place pour soutenir l’intégration. Le Nigéria, la puissance économique et politique régionale, manque de capacité pour assumer ce rôle et connaît lui-même des défis internes qu’il doit surmonter. Les initiatives déjà en place ont du mal à porter leur fruit et le projet d’intégration dépend fortement de l’assistance financière des bailleurs de fonds internationaux, augmentant ainsi le risques que ces acteurs externes puissent influencer les priorités des dirigeants de la région et les pousser à adhérer au projet d'intégration sans pour autant s'y engager pleinement.
Variational model for one-dimensional quantum magnets
Creators: name: Kudasov, Yu. B.
name: Kozabaranov, R. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new variational technique for investigation of the ground state and correlation functions in 1D quantum magnets is proposed. A spin Hamiltonian is reduced to a fermionic representation by the Jordan-Wigner transformation. The ground state is described by a new non-local trial wave function, and the total energy is calculated in an analytic form as a function of two variational parameters. This approach is demonstrated with an example of the XXZ-chain of spin-1/2 under a staggered magnetic field. Generalizations and applications of the variational technique for low-dimensional magnetic systems are discussed.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 2 of Feasibility of a specific task-oriented training versus its combination with manual therapy on balance and mobility in people post stroke at the chronic stage: study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Traxler, Kristina
name: Schinabeck, Franz
name: Baum, Eva
name: Klotz, Edith
name: Seebacher, Barbara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Detailed description of the study intervention
Automatic Speech Recognition in the Maritime Radio Communication
Creators: name: Nakilcioglu, Emin Cagatay
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2023
Subjects: Maschinelles Lernen

description: Agenda 1. Maritime Communication 2. Data Preprocessing ▪ Exploring the data ▪ Preprocessing Steps 3. Automatic Speech Recognition ▪ Basic Principles ▪ Wav2Vec2 4. marFM 26.04.2023
Ultra-wide-band structural slow light
Creators: name: Lai, Yiming
name: Mohamed, Mohamed Sabry
name: Gao, Boshen
name: Minkov, Momchil
name: Boyd, Robert W.
name: Savona, Vincenzo
name: Houdré, Romuald
name: Badolato, Antonio
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018

description: The ability of using integrated photonics to scale multiple optical components on a single monolithic chip offers key advantages to create miniature light-controlling chips. Numerous scaled optical components have been already demonstrated. However, present integrated photonic circuits are still rudimentary compared to the complexity of today's electronic circuits. Slow light propagation in nanostructured materials is a key component for realizing chip-integrated photonic devices controlling the relative phase of light and enhancing optical nonlinearities. We present an experimental record high group-index-bandwidth product (GBP) of 0.47 over a 17.7 nm bandwidth in genetically optimized coupled-cavity-waveguides (CCWs) formed by L3 photonic crystal cavities. Our structures were realized in silicon-on-insulator slabs integrating up to 800 coupled cavities, and characterized by transmission, Fourier-space imaging of mode dispersion, and Mach-Zehnder interferometry.
Improvement of charge resolution for radioactive heavy ions at relativistic energies using a hybrid detector system
Creators: name: Zhao, J. W.
name: Sun, B. H.
name: He, L. C.
name: Li, G. S.
name: Lin, W. J.
name: Liu, C. Y.
name: Liu, Z.
name: Lu, C. G.
name: Shen, D. P.
name: Sun, Y. Z.
name: Sun, Z. Y.
name: Tanihata, I.
name: Terashima, S.
name: Tran, D. T.
name: Wang, F.
name: Wang, J.
name: Wang, S. T.
name: Wei, X. L.
name: Xu, X. D.
name: Zhu, L. H.
name: Zhang, J. C.
name: Zhang, X. H.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Zhou, Z. T.
name: Zhou, Z. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In typical nuclear physics experiments with radioactive ion beams (RIBs) selected by the in-flight separation technique, Si detectors or ionization chambers are usually equipped for the charge determination of RIBs. The obtained charge resolution relies on the performance of these detectors for energy loss determination, and this affects the particle identification capability of RIBs. We present an approach on improving the resolution of charge measurement for heavy ions by using the abundant energy loss information from different types of existing detectors along the beam line. Without altering the beam line and detectors, this approach can improve the charge resolution by more than 12\% relative to the multiple sampling ionization chamber of the best resolution.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Fate of global symmetries in the Universe: QCD axion, quintessential axion and trans-Planckian inflaton decay-constant
Creators: name: Kim, Jihn E.
name: Nam, Soonkeon
name: Semertzidis, Yannis K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pseudoscalars appearing in particle physics are reviewd systematically. From the fundamental point of view at an ultra-violat completed theory, they can be light if they are realized as pseudo-Goldstone bosons of some spontaneously broken global symmetries. The spontaneous breaking scale is parametrized by the decay constant $f$. The global symmetry is defined by the lowest order terms allowed in the effective theory consistent with the gauge symmetry in question. Since any global symmetry is known to be broken at least by quantum gravitational effects, all pseudoscalars should be massive. The mass scale is determined by $f$ and the explicit breaking terms $ΔV$ in the effective potential and also anomaly terms $ΔΛ^4_G$ for some non-Abelian gauge groups $G$. The well-known example by non-Abelian gauge group breaking is the potential for the "invisible" QCD axion, via the Peccei-Quinn symmetry, which constitutes a major part of this review. Even if there is no breaking terms from gauge anomalies, there can be explicit breaking terms $ΔV$ in the potential in which case the leading term suppressed by $f$ determines the pseudoscalar mass scale. If the breaking term is extremely small and the decay constant is trans-Planckian, the corresponding pseudoscalar can be a candidate for a `quintessential axion'. In general, $(ΔV)^{1/4}$ is considered to be smaller than $f$, and hence the pseudo-Goldstone boson mass scales are considered to be smaller than the decay constants. In such a case, the potential of the pseudo-Goldstone boson at the grand unification scale is sufficiently flat near the top of the potential that it can be a good candidate for an inflationary model, which is known as `natural inflation'. We review all these ideas in the bosonic collective motion framework.
description: 41 pages with 27 figures
Dating the Common Ancestor from an NCBI Tree of 83688 High-Quality and Full-Length SARS-CoV-2 Genomes
Creators: name: Xia, Xuhua
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2021
Subjects: COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
most recent common ancestor
phylogeny
tip dating
tip rooting
viral evolution
Animals
Evolution, Molecular
Humans
Phylogeny
Genome, Viral
Genomics

description: All dating studies involving SARS-CoV-2 are problematic. Previous studies have dated the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) between SARS-CoV-2 and its close relatives from bats and pangolins. However, the evolutionary rate thus derived is expected to differ from the rate estimated from sequence divergence of SARS-CoV-2 lineages. Here, I present dating results for the first time from a large phylogenetic tree with 86,582 high-quality full-length SARS-CoV-2 genomes. The tree contains 83,688 genomes with full specification of collection time. Such a large tree spanning a period of about 1.5 years offers an excellent opportunity for dating the MRCA of the sampled SARS-CoV-2 genomes. The MRCA is dated 16 August 2019, with the evolutionary rate estimated to be 0.05526 mutations/genome/day. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) between the root-to-tip distance (D) and the collection time (T) is 0.86295. The NCBI tree also includes 10 SARS-CoV-2 genomes isolated from cats, collected over roughly the same time span as human COVID-19 infection. The MRCA from these cat-derived SARS-CoV-2 is dated 30 July 2019, with r = 0.98464. While the dating method is well known, I have included detailed illustrations so that anyone can repeat the analysis and obtain the same dating results. With 16 August 2019 as the date of the MRCA of sampled SARS-CoV-2 genomes, archived samples from respiratory or digestive tracts collected around or before 16 August 2019, or those that are not descendants of the existing SARS-CoV-2 lineages, should be particularly valuable for tracing the origin of SARS-CoV-2.
Unconditionally secure quantum key-distribution with relatively strong signal pulse
Creators: name: Tamaki, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an unconditionally secure quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol, which uses a relatively strong signal pulse. While our protocol shares similar security bases as the Bennett 1992 protocol with a strong reference pulse (B92), our scheme uses a smaller number of detectors and it is robust against Rayleigh scattering in an optical fibre. We derive a lower bound of secret key generation rate of our protocol and show that our protocol can cover relatively long distances, assuming precise phase modulations and stable interferometers.
description: 4 pages
Additional file 3 of Feasibility of a specific task-oriented training versus its combination with manual therapy on balance and mobility in people post stroke at the chronic stage: study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Traxler, Kristina
name: Schinabeck, Franz
name: Baum, Eva
name: Klotz, Edith
name: Seebacher, Barbara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Ankle range of motion measurement
An Extractive-Summarization Baseline for the Automatic Detection of Noteworthy Utterances in Multi-Party Human-Human Dialog
Creators: name: Satanjeev  Banerjee
name: Rudnicky, Alexander
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Our goal is to reduce meeting participants’ note-taking effort by automatically identifying utterances whose contents meeting participants are likely to include in their notes. Though note-taking is different from meeting summarization, these two problems are related. In this paper we apply techniques developed in extractive meeting summarization research to the problem of identifying noteworthy utterances. We show that these algorithms achieve an f-measure of 0.14 over a 5-meeting sequence of related meetings. The precision – 0.15 – is triple that of the trivial baseline of simply labeling every utterance as noteworthy. We also introduce the concept of “show-worthy” utterances –utterances that contain information that could conceivably result in a note. We show that such utterances can be recognized with an 81% accuracy (compared to 53% accuracy of a majority classifier). Further, if non-show-worthy utterances are filtered out, the precision of noteworthiness detection improves by 33% relative.
An Extensible Theory of Indexed Types
Creators: name: Licata, Daniel R.
name: Harper, Robert
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Indexed families of types are a way of associating run-time data with compile-time abstractions that can be used to reason about them. We propose an extensible theory of indexed types, in which programmers can define the index data appropriate to their programs and use them to track properties of run-time code. The essential ingredients in our proposal are (1) a logical framework, which is used to define index data, constraints, and proofs, and (2) computation with indices, both at the static and dynamic levels of the programming language. Computation with indices supports a variety of mechanisms necessary for programming with extensible indexed types, including the definition and implementation of indexed types, meta-theoretic reasoning about indices, proofproducing run-time checks, computed index expressions, and runtime actions of index constraints. Programmer-defined index propositions and their proofs can be represented naturally in a logical framework such as LF, where variable binding is used to model the consequence relation of the logic. Consequently, the central technical challenge in our design is that computing with indices requires computing with the higherorder terms of a logical framework. The technical contributions of this paper are a novel method for computing with the higher-order data of a simple logical framework and the integration of such computation into the static and dynamic levels of a programming language. Further, we present examples showing how this computation supports indexed programming.
Continuity Properties for Divergence Form Boundary Data Homogenization Problems
Creators: name: Feldman, William M.
name: Zhang, Yuming Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B27, 35J57, 74Q05, 76F40

description: We study the continuity/discontinuity of the effective boundary condition for periodic homogenization of oscillating Dirichlet data for nonlinear divergence form equations and linear systems. For linear systems we show continuity, for nonlinear equations we give an example of discontinuity.
description: 32 pages
Multiwavelength Variability Analysis of the Blazar PKS 0727-11: A $\sim$168 Days Quasi-periodic Oscillation in Gamma-ray
Creators: name: Shen, Yuncai
name: Yi, Tingfeng
name: Dhiman, Vinit
name: Mao, Lisheng
name: Dong, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed variability analysis of the multiwavelength light curves for the flat-spectrum radio quasar PKS 0727-11. Using the generalized Lomb-Scargle periodogram, we identified a possible quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) of $\sim$ 168.6 days (persisted for 6 cycles, with a significance of $3.8σ$) in the gamma-ray light curve during the flare period (MJD 54687-55738). It is the first time that periodic variations have been detected in this source, and further supported by other methods: weighted wavelet $z$-transform, phase dispersion minimization, REDFIT, autoregressive integrated moving average model, and structure function analysis. Cross-correlation analysis shows that there is a strong correlation between multi-band light variations, indicating that gamma-ray and radio flares may originate from the same disturbance, and the distance between the emission regions of gamma-ray and radio flares is calculated based on the time lag. We demonstrate that QPO arising from the non-ballistic helical jet motion driven by the orbital motion in a supermassive binary black hole is a plausible physical explanation. In this scenario, the estimated mass of the primary black hole is $M\sim3.66\times10^8-5.79\times10^{9}M_\odot$.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables, ApJ, in press
Asymptotic formulae for flow in superhydrophobic channels with longitudinal ridges and protruding menisci
Creators: name: Kirk, Toby L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents new analytical formulae for flow in a channel with one or both walls patterned with a longitudinal array of ridges and arbitrarily protruding menisci. Derived from a matched asymptotic expansion, they extend results by Crowdy (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 791, 2016, R7) for shear flow, and thus make no restriction on the protrusion into or out of the liquid. The slip length formula is compared against full numerical solutions and, despite the assumption of small ridge period in its derivation, is found to have a very large range of validity; relative errors are small even for periods large enough for the protruding menisci to degrade the flow and touch the opposing wall.
description: 13 pages; supplementary material included in ancillary files
Additional file 1 of Associations between elevated kidney and liver biomarker ratios, metabolic syndrome and all-cause and coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality: analysis of the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
Creators: name: Oye-Somefun, Akinkunle
name: Kuk, Jennifer L.
name: Ardern, Chris I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Association between cardiovascular disease and kidney or liver biomarker ratio with or without MetS. Data derived from NHANES 1999–2015; referent group has neither elevated biomarker ratio nor MetS. Unadjusted and Fully adjusted models of the analytic subsample. Covariates include age, sex, ethnicity, education, income ratio, alcohol use, smoking, hospital visits, insurance coverage, self-rated health, and physical activity.
Large-scale structure phenomenology of viable Horndeski theories
Creators: name: Peirone, Simone
name: Koyama, Kazuya
name: Pogosian, Levon
name: Raveri, Marco
name: Silvestri, Alessandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phenomenological functions $Σ$ and $μ$, also known as $G_{\rm light}/G$ and $G_{\rm matter}/G$, are commonly used to parameterize modifications of the growth of large-scale structure in alternative theories of gravity. We study the values these functions can take in Horndeski theories, i.e. the class of scalar-tensor theories with second order equations of motion. We restrict our attention to models that are in a broad agreement with tests of gravity and the observed cosmic expansion history. In particular, we require the speed of gravity to be equal to the speed of light today, as required by the recent detection of gravitational waves and electromagnetic emission from a binary neutron star merger. We examine the correlations between the values of $Σ$ and $μ$ analytically within the quasi-static approximation, and numerically, by sampling the space of allowed solutions. We confirm that the conjecture made in [Pogosian:2016pwr], that $(Σ-1)(μ-1) \ge 0$ in viable Horndeski theories, holds very well. Along with that, we check the validity of the quasi-static approximation within different corners of Horndeski theory. Our results show that, even with the tight bound on the present day speed of gravitational waves, there is room within Horndeski theories for non-trivial signatures of modified gravity at the level of linear perturbations.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures - accepted version by PRD
Additional file 1 of Medical student wellness in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide survey
Creators: name: Nikolis, Louis
name: Wakim, Andrea
name: Adams, William
name: DO, Prempreet Bajaj
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1:
Additional file 2 of Medical student wellness in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide survey
Creators: name: Nikolis, Louis
name: Wakim, Andrea
name: Adams, William
name: DO, Prempreet Bajaj
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: