cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Positive maps and entanglement in real Hilbert spaces
Creators: name: Chiribella, Giulio
name: Davidson, Kenneth R.
name: Paulsen, Vern I.
name: Rahaman, Mizanur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The theory of positive maps plays a central role in operator algebras and functional analysis, and has countless applications in quantum information science. The theory was originally developed for operators acting on complex Hilbert spaces, and little is known about its variant on real Hilbert spaces. In this article we study positive maps acting on a full matrix algebra over the reals, pointing out a number of fundamental differences with the complex case and discussing their implications in quantum information. We provide a necessary and sufficient condition for a real map to admit a positive complexification, and connect the existence of positive maps with non-positive complexification with the existence of mixed states that are entangled in real Hilbert space quantum mechanics, but separable in the complex version, providing explicit examples both for the maps and for the states. Finally, we discuss entanglement breaking and PPT maps, and we show that a straightforward real version of the PPT-squared conjecture is false even in dimension 2. Nevertheless, we show that the original PPT-squared conjecture implies a different conjecture for real maps, in which the PPT property is replaced by a stronger property of invariance under partial transposition (IPT). When the IPT property is assumed, we prove an asymptotic version of the conjecture.
description: Updated version. To appear in Annales Henri Poincar\'e
Central Charge Extended Supersymmetric Structures for Fundamental Fermions Around non-Abelian Vortices
Creators: name: Kleidis, K.
name: Oikonomou, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fermionic zero modes around non-abelian vortices are shown that they constitute two $N=2$, $d=1$ supersymmetric quantum mechanics algebras. These two algebras can be combined under certain circumstances to form a central charge extended $N=4$ supersymmetric quantum algebra. We thoroughly discuss the implications of the existence of supersymmetric quantum mechanics algebras, in the quantum Hilbert space of the fermionic zero modes.
Open- and Closed-Loop Neural Network Verification using Polynomial Zonotopes
Creators: name: Kochdumper, Niklas
name: Schilling, Christian
name: Althoff, Matthias
name: Bak, Stanley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We present a novel approach to efficiently compute tight non-convex enclosures of the image through neural networks with ReLU, sigmoid, or hyperbolic tangent activation functions. In particular, we abstract the input-output relation of each neuron by a polynomial approximation, which is evaluated in a set-based manner using polynomial zonotopes. While our approach can also can be beneficial for open-loop neural network verification, our main application is reachability analysis of neural network controlled systems, where polynomial zonotopes are able to capture the non-convexity caused by the neural network as well as the system dynamics. This results in a superior performance compared to other methods, as we demonstrate on various benchmarks.
Ultralong-range Rydberg molecules in combined electric and magnetic fields
Creators: name: Kurz, Markus
name: Schmelcher, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact of combined electric and magnetic fields on the structure of ultralong-range polar Rydberg molecules. Our focus is hereby on the parallel as well as the crossed field configuration taking into account both the $s$-wave and $p$-wave interactions of the Rydberg electron and the neutral ground state atom. We show the strong impact of the $p$-wave interaction on the ultralong-range molecular states for a pure $B$-field configuration. In the presence of external fields the angular degrees of freedom acquires vibrational character and we encounter two- and three-dimensional oscillatory adiabatic potential energy surfaces for the parallel and crossed field configuration, respectively. The equilibrium configurations of local potential wells can be controlled via the external field parameters for both field configurations depending of the specific degree of electronic excitation. This allows to tune the molecular alignment and orientation. The resulting electric dipole moment is in the order of several kDebye and the rovibrational level spacings are in the range of $2-250$ MHz. Both properties are analyzed with of varying field strengths.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables
Semiconductor membranes for electrostatic exciton trapping in optically addressable quantum transport devices
Creators: name: Descamps, Thomas
name: Liu, Feng
name: Kindel, Sebastian
name: Otten, René
name: Hangleiter, Tobias
name: Zhao, Chao
name: Lepsa, Mihail Ion
name: Ritzmann, Julian
name: Ludwig, Arne
name: Wieck, Andreas D.
name: Kardynał, Beata E.
name: Bluhm, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combining the capabilities of gate defined quantum transport devices in GaAs-based heterostructures and of optically addressed self-assembled quantum dots could open broad perspectives for new devices and functionalities. For example, interfacing stationary solid-state qubits with photonic quantum states would open a new pathway towards the realization of a quantum network with extended quantum processing capacity in each node. While gated devices allow very flexible confinement of electrons or holes, the confinement of excitons without some element of self-assembly is much harder. To address this limitation, we introduce a technique to realize exciton traps in quantum wells via local electric fields by thinning a heterostructure down to a 220 nm thick membrane. We show that mobilities over $1 \times 10^{6}$ cm$^{2}$V$^{-1}$s$^{-1}$ can be retained and that quantum point contacts and Coulomb oscillations can be observed on this structure, which implies that the thinning does not compromise the heterostructure quality. Furthermore, the local lowering of the exciton energy via the quantum-confined Stark effect is confirmed, thus forming exciton traps. These results lay the technological foundations for devices like single photon sources, spin photon interfaces and eventually quantum network nodes in GaAs quantum wells, realized entirely with a top-down fabrication process.
description: v2: added missing acknowledgement. v3: fixed typos in acknolwedgement
L'Intelligenza Artificiale e l'Apprendimento Organizzativo
Creators: name: Schiesaro, GianMarco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Lo studio si propone di delineare le possibilità di impiego delle tecnologie di Intelligenza Artificiale (IA) nel contesto dell'apprendimento organizzativo. Inizialmente, si analizzano le implicazioni dell'IA nel settore dell'educazione, esplorando le novità apportate da tali tecnologie ai metodi e agli approcci educativi. Successivamente, si esplorano le strategie di sviluppo della formazione interna nelle aziende e nelle istituzioni pubbliche, con un focus particolare sulla crescita, accelerata dall’IA, delle competenze delle risorse umane.

Il documento propone infine una serie di iniziative e di raccomandazioni specifiche per la formazione e lo sviluppo del personale dell'Istituto Nazionale di Statistica (Istat): tali proposte mirano a sfruttare le potenzialità dell'IA per personalizzare i percorsi formativi, ottimizzare i processi di apprendimento e aumentare l'efficacia degli interventi didattici, assicurando così una migliore preparazione del personale, in linea con le esigenze evolutive dell'istituto.
Bose-Einstein condensation on quantum graphs
Creators: name: Bolte, Jens
name: Kerner, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results on Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) on general compact quantum graphs, i.e., one-dimensional systems with a (potentially) complex topology. We first investigate non-interacting many-particle systems and provide a complete classification of systems that exhibit condensation. We then consider models with interactions that consist of a singular part as well as a hardcore part. In this way we obtain generalisations of the Tonks-Girardeau gas to graphs. For this we find an absence of phase transitions which then indicates an absence of BEC.
description: 5 pages, contribution to the proceedings of QMATH12
Analyzing Impact of Socio-Economic Factors on COVID-19 Mortality Prediction Using SHAP Value
Creators: name: Rahman, Redoan
name: Kang, Jooyeong
name: Rousseau, Justin F
name: Ding, Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper applies multiple machine learning (ML) algorithms to a dataset of de-identified COVID-19 patients provided by the COVID-19 Research Database. The dataset consists of 20,878 COVID-positive patients, among which 9,177 patients died in the year 2020. This paper aims to understand and interpret the association of socio-economic characteristics of patients with their mortality instead of maximizing prediction accuracy. According to our analysis, a patients households annual and disposable income, age, education, and employment status significantly impacts a machine learning models prediction. We also observe several individual patient data, which gives us insight into how the feature values impact the prediction for that data point. This paper analyzes the global and local interpretation of machine learning models on socio-economic data of COVID patients.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, American Medical Informatics Association(AMIA) Annual Conference 2022, Washington DC, USA, Nov 5-9, 2022
title: Digitale Kränkung?
title: Künstliche Intelligenz und BlessU-2 als Herausforderung für die conditio humana
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Zissler, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2020

description: Der digitale Wandel und seine Auswirkungen auf den Menschen und seine (Um-)Welt machen einen wissenschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Diskurs über die Stellung des Menschen in einer IKT-dominierten Welt notwendig. In diesem Sinne geht der Beitrag der Frage nach, ob und in welcher Weise bisher gültige Grundkonstanten der conditio humana und darauf aufbauende Menschenbilder durch den Einsatz von Künstlicher Intelligenz und Robotik in Frage gestellt werden. In Anlehnung an die von Sigmund Freud beschriebenen „Kränkungen der Menschheit“ werden die Entwicklungen rund um den Digital Turn kulturgeschichtlich eingeordnet und als „digitale Kränkung“ des Menschen näher beleuchtet. Im Zuge dessen wird die „digitale Kränkung“ als chancenreiche Krise reflektiert und damit zu einer Neuentdeckung der conditio humana im digitalen Zeitalter angeregt.
description: The digital turn and its effects on people and their environment make a scientific and social discourse about the position of people in an ICT-dominated world necessary. In this sense, the article investigates whether and in what way previously valid fundamental constants of the human condition and the images of humans based on them are called into question through artificial intelligence and robotics. Based on the “insults of humankind” described by Sigmund Freud, the developments around the digital turn are categorized in terms of cultural history and examined in more detail as a “digital insult” of humans. The “digital insult” is reflected in a crisis full of opportunities, which encourages a rediscovering of the human condition in the digital age.
description: Limina, 3(2), 172-191
Mouthparts of the crab Goniopsis cruentata (Latreille, 1803) (Decapoda, Brachyura, Grapsidae): Morphological variations associated with environment, sex and stage of development
Creators: name: Carla Soares-Silva, Ana
name: da Conceição Guerreiro Couto, Erminda
name: Lopes Carvalho, Fabrício
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: Individuals and populations can display variations in distinct aspects of their life histories, which could be reflected in their morphological characteristics. This study analyzed the mouthpart morphology of the crab Goniopsis cruentata in relation to environment, sex and stage of development. Our results indicate differences in the number of setae between developmental stages and environments, as well as the interaction between developmental stages and environments. There were no differences in setae types between stages, sexes or environments. There were differences in the shape of the ischium between adults and juveniles, with a more homogeneous ischium in juveniles than adults. We also found differences in food content between developmental stages, as well as an interaction between developmental stages and environment. Our results support an association between diet and morphology of mouthparts in G. cruentata, and that these apparatuses vary according to ontogenetic development and the environmental conditions that species are exposed to. These associations should be considered in studies that use these characteristics to verify morphological responses to environmental variations.
Codium fragile subsp. fragile Hariot 1889
Creators: name: Kakkonen, Jenni E.
name: Worsfold, Tim M.
name: Ashelby, Christopher W.
name: Taylor, Andrea
name: Beaton, Katy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Chlorophyta
Ulvophyceae
Bryopsidales
Codiaceae
Codium
Codium fragile
Codium fragile ssp. fragile (suringar) hariot, 1889

description: (6) Codium fragile ssp. fragile (Suringar) Hariot, 1889
Status in U.K. – non-native.
Codium fragile ssp. fragile (“green fingers”) has been recorded each year of the monitoring programme since 2014, mainly from rapid assessment samples but also from a scrape sample in 2017. It has been found throughout Scapa Flow and at two sites outside Scapa Flow. Wilkinson (1975) previously reported the subspecies (as C. f. ssp. tomentosoides (van Goor) Silva, 1955) from Orkney at Burray Ness on the east coast of Burray and it was reported from renewable energy structures in Orkney by Want et al. (2017) but according to Provan et al. (2008) it has been present in Orkney since at least 1891. It is otherwise widespread and well established throughout the U.K. (Minchin et al. 2013).
description: Published as part of Kakkonen, Jenni E., Worsfold, Tim M., Ashelby, Christopher W., Taylor, Andrea & Beaton, Katy, 2019, The value of regular monitoring and diverse sampling techniques to assess aquatic non-native species: a case study from Orkney, pp. 46-79 in Management of Biological Invasions 10 (1) on page 57, DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2019.10.1.04, http://zenodo.org/record/11969078
Logarithmic Spatial Variations and Universal $f^{-1}$ Power Spectra of Temperature Fluctuations in Turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard Convection
Creators: name: He, Xiaozhou
name: van Gils, Dennis P. M.
name: Bodenschatz, Eberhard
name: Ahlers, Guenter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of the temperature variance $σ^2(z,r)$ and frequency power spectrum $P(f,z,r)$ ($z$ is the distance from the sample bottom and $r$ the radial coordinate) in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection (RBC) for Rayleigh numbers $\textrm{Ra} = 1.6\times10^{13}$ and $1.1\times10^{15}$ and for a Prandtl number $\textrm{Pr} \simeq 0.8$ for a sample with a height $L = 224$ cm and aspect ratio $D/L = 0.50$ ($D$ is the diameter). For $z/L$ less than or similar to $0.1$ $σ^2(z,r)$ was consistent with a logarithmic dependence on $z$, and there was a universal (independent of $\textrm{Ra}$, $r$, and $z$) normalized spectrum which, for $0.02$ less than or similar to $fτ_0$ less than or similar to $0.2$, had the form $P(fτ_0) = P_0 (fτ_0)^{-1}$ with $P_0 =0.208 \pm 0.008$ a universal constant. Here $τ_0 = \sqrt{2R}$ where $R$ is the radius of curvature of the temperature autocorrelation function $C(τ)$ at $τ= 0$. For $z/L \simeq 0.5$ the measurements yielded $P(fτ_0) \sim (fτ_0)^{-α}$ with $α$ in the range from 3/2 to 5/3. All the results are similar to those for velocity fluctuations in shear flows at sufficiently large Reynolds numbers, suggesting the possibility of an analogy between the flows that is yet to be determined in detail.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 supplementary material
D2Q-DETR: Decoupling and Dynamic Queries for Oriented Object Detection with Transformers
Creators: name: Zhou, Qiang
name: Yu, Chaohui
name: Wang, Zhibin
name: Wang, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite the promising results, existing oriented object detection methods usually involve heuristically designed rules, e.g., RRoI generation, rotated NMS. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end framework for oriented object detection, which simplifies the model pipeline and obtains superior performance. Our framework is based on DETR, with the box regression head replaced with a points prediction head. The learning of points is more flexible, and the distribution of points can reflect the angle and size of the target rotated box. We further propose to decouple the query features into classification and regression features, which significantly improves the model precision. Aerial images usually contain thousands of instances. To better balance model precision and efficiency, we propose a novel dynamic query design, which reduces the number of object queries in stacked decoder layers without sacrificing model performance. Finally, we rethink the label assignment strategy of existing DETR-like detectors and propose an effective label re-assignment strategy for improved performance. We name our method D2Q-DETR. Experiments on the largest and challenging DOTA-v1.0 and DOTA-v1.5 datasets show that D2Q-DETR outperforms existing NMS-based and NMS-free oriented object detection methods and achieves the new state-of-the-art.
description: 5 figures
Nonlinear Sideband Cooling to a Cat State of Motion
Creators: name: Hauer, Bradley D
name: Combes, Joshua
name: Teufel, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to prepare a macroscopic mechanical resonator into a quantum superposition state is an outstanding goal of cavity optomechanics. Here, we propose a technique to generate cat states of motion using the intrinsic nonlinearity of a dispersive optomechanical interaction. By applying a bichromatic drive to an optomechanical cavity, our protocol enhances the inherent second-order processes of the system, inducing the requisite two-phonon dissipation. We show that this nonlinear sideband cooling technique can dissipatively engineer a mechanical resonator into a cat state, which we verify using the full Hamiltonian and an adiabatically reduced model. While the fidelity of the cat state is maximized in the single-photon, strong-coupling regime, we demonstrate that Wigner negativity persists even for weak coupling. Finally, we show that our cat state generation protocol is robust to significant thermal decoherence of the mechanical mode, indicating that such a procedure may be feasible for near-term experimental systems.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures with additional supplementary information (14 pages, 3 figures)
Universal wave functions structure in mixed systems
Creators: name: Wisniacki, Diego A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a regular classical system is perturbed, non-linear resonances appear as prescribed by the KAM and Poincarè-Birkhoff theorems. Manifestations of this classical phenomena to the morphologies of quantum wave functions are studied in this letter. We reveal a systematic formation of an universal structure of localized wave functions in systems with mixed classical dynamics. Unperturbed states that live around invariant tori are mixed when they collide in an avoided crossing if their quantum numbers differ in a multiple to the order of the classical resonance. At the avoided crossing eigenstates are localized in the island chain or in the vicinity of the unstable periodic orbit corresponding to the resonance. The difference of the quantum numbers determines the excitation of the localized states which is reveled using the zeros of the Husimi distribution.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
title: „#monthoftherosary“
title: Theologische Rekonstruktion zu einem Instagram Image
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Pirker, Viera
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2020

description: Auf Social Network Sites werden religiöse und spirituelle Praktiken formuliert, konturiert und inszeniert; Kommunikation und Bildpraktiken werden entlang plattformspezifischer Affordanzen entwickelt und erweitert. Im vorliegenden Beitrag zur empirischen Religionsforschung wird ein Einzelbild eines römisch-katholisch kommunizierenden Instagram-Accounts mit der dokumentarischen Methode theologisch rekonstruiert. Der Umgang mit Visualität in Social Network Sites erfordert die Berücksichtigung visueller, textlicher, kommunikativer und technologischer Perspektiven. Die Analyse berührt verschiedene Fragen zur Darstellung von Katholizität sowie nach damit verbundenen Interessen und Leitlinien. Wie wird ein Bild als strategisches Kommunikat eingesetzt, welche Wahrnehmungen und Erwartungen gehen damit einher? Welche spezifischen Kontexte und Vernetzungen lassen sich aus Bildern und Texten ableiten? Die Analyse steht in einem religionspädagogischen Kontext, da diese als lebensweltbezogene, gesellschaftsbezogene und alltagsbezogene Wissenschaft zur Erforschung und Begleitung religiöser Bildungsprozesse in einer mediatisierten Gesellschaft auch genaue Kenntnisse und Verständnis für Mediensozialisation, mediale Praktiken und Orte informellen Lernens erfordert.
description: On social network sites, individuals express, contour and stage religious and spiritual practices; communication and image practices are developed and expanded according to site-specific affordances. This article is a contribution to empirical research on religion and, using the documentary method, theologically reconstructs a single image of an Instagram account posting Roman Catholic content. Understanding visuality on social network sites requires the consideration of visual, textual, communicative and technological aspects. The analysis touches on various questions concerning the representation of Catholicism as well as related interests and guidelines. How is an image used as a strategic communication, what perceptions and expectations are entangled? What specific contexts and networks can be derived from images and texts? The analysis is situated within the context of Religious Education. Researching and accompanying religious education processes in a mediatized society requires precise knowledge and understanding of media socialization, media practices and places of informal learning
description: Limina, 3(2), 192-216
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTERS IN BUSINESS ADMISNTRATION (MBA)
Creators: name: SIYUM MENDA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: MSEs are basically set up with the goal of poverty alleviation. Hence, the question whether the

objective of these MSEs is met merits special consideration by way of impact assessment.

Although several studies have been conducted so far, the impact of MSEs on poverty reduction

still remains an issue to be addressed. The main objective of this study is to assess the role of

micro and small scale enterprises in alleviating the poverty of MSE operators and members by

taking cobble stone paving sector of MSEs in Addis Ababa city. This study tries to answer three

important questions: can MSEs contribute in alleviating poverty of operators and members of

the enterprises, who are taking part in cobble stone paving sectors in the study area?; are MSEs

able to increase the income of the operators and members of the enterprises who are taking part

in MSEs of the cobble stone paving in the city?; and what are the constraints and problems with

regard to cobble stone paving operation in the city .With the above objectives in mind, the

research is carried out by gathering primary data through questionnaires and interviews with

key informants. In addition, secondary sources of data have also been used. Eventually, using a

mix of qualitative and quantitative tools, the study found out that MSEs have played positive role

in improving income, creation of employment and improving the quality of life of the participants

of the cobble stone paving in the study area.
JWST NIRCam+NIRSpec: Interstellar medium and stellar populations of young galaxies with rising star formation and evolving gas reservoirs
Creators: name: Tacchella, Sandro
name: Johnson, Benjamin D.
name: Robertson, Brant E.
name: Carniani, Stefano
name: D'Eugenio, Francesco
name: Kumar, Nimisha
name: Maiolino, Roberto
name: Nelson, Erica J.
name: Suess, Katherine A.
name: Übler, Hannah
name: Williams, Christina C.
name: Adebusola, Alabi
name: Alberts, Stacey
name: Arribas, Santiago
name: Bhatawdekar, Rachana
name: Bonaventura, Nina
name: Bowler, Rebecca A. A.
name: Bunker, Andrew J.
name: Cameron, Alex J.
name: Curti, Mirko
name: Egami, Eiichi
name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
name: Frye, Brenda
name: Hainline, Kevin
name: Helton, Jakob M.
name: Ji, Zhiyuan
name: Looser, Tobias J.
name: Lyu, Jianwei
name: Perna, Michele
name: Rawle, Timothy
name: Rieke, George
name: Rieke, Marcia
name: Saxena, Aayush
name: Sandles, Lester
name: Shivaei, Irene
name: Simmonds, Charlotte
name: Sun, Fengwu
name: Willmer, Christopher N. A.
name: Willott, Chris J.
name: Witstok, Joris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an interstellar medium and stellar population analysis of three spectroscopically confirmed $z>7$ galaxies in the ERO JWST NIRCam and JWST NIRSpec data of the SMACS J0723.3-7327 cluster. We use the Bayesian spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting code \texttt{Prospector} with a flexible star-formation history (SFH), a variable dust attenuation law, and a self-consistent model of nebular emission (continuum and emission lines). Importantly, we self-consistently fit both the emission line fluxes from JWST NIRSpec and the broad-band photometry from JWST NIRCam, taking into account slit-loss effects. We find that these three $z=7.6-8.5$ galaxies ($M_{\star}\approx10^{8}~M_{\odot}$) are young with rising SFHs and mass-weighted ages of $3-4$ Myr, though we find indications for underlying older stellar populations. The inferred gas-phase metallicities broadly agree with the direct metallicity estimates from the auroral lines. The galaxy with the lowest gas-phase metallicity ($\mathrm{Z}_{\rm gas}=0.06~\mathrm{Z}_{\odot}$) has a steeply rising SFH, is very compact ($<0.2~\mathrm{kpc}$) and has a high star-formation rate surface density ($Σ_{\rm SFR}\approx22~\mathrm{M}_{\odot}~\mathrm{yr}^{-1}~\mathrm{kpc}^{-2}$), consistent with rapid gas accretion. The two other objects with higher gas-phase metallicity show more complex multi-component morphologies on kpc scales, indicating that their recent increase in star-formation rate is driven by mergers or internal, gravitational instabilities. We discuss effects of assuming different SFH priors or only fitting the photometric data. Our analysis highlights the strength and importance of combining JWST imaging and spectroscopy for fully assessing the nature of galaxies at the earliest epochs.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Electromagnetically induced transparency in an entangled medium
Creators: name: Li, Weibin
name: Viscor, Daniel
name: Hofferberth, Sebastian
name: Lesanovsky, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate light propagation and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a quasi one-dimensional gas in which atoms interact strongly via exchange interactions. We focus on the case in which the gas is initially prepared in a many-body state that contains a single excitation and conduct a detailed study of the absorptive and dispersive properties of such a medium. This scenario is achieved in interacting gases of Rydberg atoms with two relevant $S$-states that are coupled through exchange. Of particular interest is the case in which the medium is prepared in an entangled spinwave state. This, in conjunction with the exchange interaction, gives rise to a non-local susceptibilty which --- in comparison to conventional Rydberg EIT --- qualitatively alters the absorption and propagation of weak probe light, leading to non-local propagation and enhanced absorption.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Dirac Spectra of 2-dimensional QCD-like theories
Creators: name: Kieburg, Mario
name: Verbaarschot, Jacobus J. M.
name: Zafeiropoulos, Savvas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze Dirac spectra of two-dimensional QCD like theories both in the continuum and on the lattice and classify them according to random matrix theories sharing the same global symmetries. The classification is different from QCD in four dimensions because the anti-unitary symmetries do not commute with $γ_5$. Therefore in a chiral basis, the number of degrees of freedom per matrix element are not given by the Dyson index. Our predictions are confirmed by Dirac spectra from quenched lattice simulations for QCD with two or three colors with quarks in the fundamental representation as well as in the adjoint representation. The universality class of the spectra depends on the parity of the number of lattice points in each direction. Our results show an agreement with random matrix theory that is qualitatively similar to the agreement found for QCD in four dimensions. We discuss the implications for the Mermin-Wagner-Coleman theorem and put our results in the context of two-dimensional disordered systems.
The Astrodust+PAH Model: A Unified Description of the Extinction, Emission, and Polarization from Dust in the Diffuse Interstellar Medium
Creators: name: Hensley, Brandon S.
name: Draine, B. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new model of interstellar dust in which large grains are a single composite material, ``astrodust,'' and nanoparticle-sized grains come in distinct varieties including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). We argue that a single-composition model for grains larger than $\sim$0.02 $μ$m most naturally explains the lack of frequency dependence in the far-infrared (FIR) polarization fraction and the characteristic ratio of optical to FIR polarization. We derive a size distribution and alignment function for 1.4:1 oblate astrodust grains that, with PAHs, reproduce the mean wavelength dependence and polarization of Galactic extinction and emission from the diffuse interstellar medium while respecting constraints on solid phase abundances. All model data and Python-based interfaces are made publicly available.
description: 34 pages, 19 figures. Data available at https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataverse/astrodust
Triangular lattice Hubbard model physics at intermediate temperatures
Creators: name: Lee, Kyungmin
name: Sharma, Prakash
name: Vafek, Oskar
name: Changlani, Hitesh J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Moire systems offer an exciting playground to study many-body effects of strongly correlated electrons in regimes that are not easily accessible in conventional material settings. Motivated by a recent experiment on $\text{WSe}_2/\text{WS}_2$ moire bilayers [Y. Tang et al., Nature 579, 353-358 (2020)], which realizes a triangular superlattice with a small hopping (of approximately 10 Kelvin), with tunable density of holes, we explore the Hubbard model on the triangular lattice for intermediate temperatures $t \lesssim T < U$. Employing finite temperature Lanczos calculations, and closely following the fitting protocols used in the experiment, we recover the observed trends in the reported Curie-Weiss temperature $Θ$ with filling, using the reported interaction strength $U/t=20$. We focus on the large increase of $|Θ|$ on decreasing the density below half filling and the sign change of $Θ$ at higher fillings, which signals the onset of ferromagnetism. The increase in $|Θ|$ is also seen in the $t$-$J$ model (the low energy limit of the Hubbard model) in the intermediate temperature range, which we clarify is opposite to the trend in its high temperature limit. Differences between the low, intermediate and high temperature regimes are discussed. Our numerical calculations also capture the crossover between short-range antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic order in the intermediate temperature regime, a result broadly consistent with the experimental findings. We find that this behavior is a finite-temperature remnant of the underlying zero temperature phase transition, which we explore with ground state density matrix renormalization group calculations. We provide evidence of ferromagnetism characterized by weak (but robust) correlations that explain the small $Θ$ seen in the experiment.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures. v2 closely matches the published version. Sections expanded and supplemental material converted to appendices. The first two authors contributed equally
Recursive greedy initialization of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm with guaranteed improvement
Creators: name: Sack, Stefan H.
name: Medina, Raimel A.
name: Kueng, Richard
name: Serbyn, Maksym
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a variational quantum algorithm, where a quantum computer implements a variational ansatz consisting of $p$ layers of alternating unitary operators and a classical computer is used to optimize the variational parameters. For a random initialization, the optimization typically leads to local minima with poor performance, motivating the search for initialization strategies of QAOA variational parameters. Although numerous heuristic initializations exist, an analytical understanding and performance guarantees for large $p$ remain evasive. We introduce a greedy initialization of QAOA which guarantees improving performance with an increasing number of layers. Our main result is an analytic construction of $2p+1$ transition states - saddle points with a unique negative curvature direction - for QAOA with $p+1$ layers that use the local minimum of QAOA with $p$ layers. Transition states connect to new local minima, which are guaranteed to lower the energy compared to the minimum found for $p$ layers. We use the GREEDY procedure to navigate the exponentially increasing with $p$ number of local minima resulting from the recursive application of our analytic construction. The performance of the GREEDY procedure matches available initialization strategies while providing a guarantee for the minimal energy to decrease with an increasing number of layers $p$.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, updated to be close to published version
Generalized Confidence Interval for the Common Coefficient of Variation
Creators: name: Behboodian, Javad
name: Jafari, Ali Akbar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, we consider the problem of constructing the confidence interval and testing hypothesis for the common coefficient of variation (CV) of several normal populations. A new method is suggested using the concepts of generalized p-value and generalized confidence interval. Using this new method and a method proposed by Tian (2005), we obtain a shorter confidence interval for the common CV. This combination method has good properties in terms of length and coverage probability compared to other methods. A simulation study is performed to illustrate properties.. Finally, these methods are applied to two real data sets in medicine.
Dynamics of multi-section DFB semiconductor laser: Traveling wave and mode approximation models
Creators: name: Radziunas, Mindaugas
name: Wünsche, Hans-Jürgen
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: traveling wave
subject: mode approximation
subject: modeling
subject: bifurcation
subject: multi-section DFB laser
subject: 78A60
subject: 35P10
subject: 37N20
subject: 37G35

description: Nonlinear dynamical effects of a multi-section DFB semiconductor laser such as self-pulsations or hysteresis can be described by the traveling wave model. The present paper demonstrates that such a model can be effectively approximated by a low dimensional system of ordinary differential equations where only few dynamically varying longitudinal modes of optical field are taken into account. A bifurcation analysis of the reduced models allow us to identify the mechanisms of switching on and switching off of the self-pulsations by tuning model parameters. An explanation of hysteresis is given as well.
Integral representations and complete monotonicity related to the remainder of Burnside's formula for the gamma function
Creators: name: Qi, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 33B15, Secondary 26A48, 26A51, 33B10, 41A30, 41A60, 44A10

description: In the paper, the authors establish integral representations of some functions related to the remainder of Burnside's formula for the gamma function and find the (logarithmically) complete monotonicity of these and related functions. These results extend and generalize some known conclusions.
description: 15 pages
On the Possibility of Direct Detection of the Emission of Microlens MOA-2011-BLG-191/OGLE-2011-BLG-0462 -- a Probable Black Hole
Creators: name: Chmyreva, L.
name: Beskin, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the observational manifestations of an isolated stellar mass black hole - the recently discovered microlens MOA-2011-BLG-191/OGLE-2011-BLG-0462. The data available for this object are used to calculate the density, temperature, and sound speed in its local interstellar medium, as well as estimate its velocity. We obtain the accretion rate and luminosity of the object, and construct its theoretical spectrum. A comparison of the spectrum with the sensitivity levels of current and future instruments in different frequency ranges has shown that direct detection of the emission from this black hole is possible for several future observing missions.
Quantum discord and steering in top quarks at the LHC
Creators: name: Afik, Yoav
name: de Nova, Juan Ramón Muñoz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Top quarks have been recently shown to be a promising system to study quantum information at the highest-energy scale available. The current lines of research mostly discuss topics such as entanglement, Bell nonlocality or quantum tomography. Here, we provide the full picture of quantum correlations in top quarks by studying also quantum discord and steering. We find that both phenomena are present at the LHC. In particular, quantum discord in a separable quantum state is expected to be detected with high-statistical significance. Interestingly, due to the singular nature of the measurement process, quantum discord can be measured following its original definition, and the steering ellipsoid can be experimentally reconstructed, both highly-demanding measurements in conventional setups. In contrast to entanglement, the asymmetric nature of quantum discord and steering can provide witnesses of $CP$-violating physics beyond the Standard Model.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Tests of Modified Gravity Theories in the Solar System
Creators: name: Mozaffari, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the case for testing preferred acceleration scale theories of gravity (sometimes falling under the guise of MOdified Newtonian Dynamics) in the Solar System using the forthcoming LISA Pathfinder (LPF) mission. Using a combination of analytical and numerical results, we suggest that different types of theory should be detectable using the predicted anomalous tidal stresses effects around the saddle points of the Newtonian gravitational field. The saddle point bubbles expected extent of $\sim 400$ km are to be contrasted with potential miss parameters of $\leq 10$ km, making such a test in easy reach of LPF. We also consider routes to constraining our theories from data, based on scenarios of both null and positive results.
description: 17 Pages, 13 Figures, Submitted
title: KI – Künstler oder Werkzeug?
title: Grenzfindungsversuch maschineller Intelligenz hinsichtlich der Schaffung von Kunstwerken
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Dolezal, Eugen
name: Windegger, Moritz
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2020

description: Ziel des Beitrags ist es herauszufinden, inwieweit von Künstlichen Intelligenzen Hervorgebrachtes als Kunst gelten kann, ob es bei diesen Produkten einen Unterschied zu von Menschen produzierten Kunstwerken gibt und worin dieser Unterschied liegen kann. Dabei zieht der Beitrag die Überlegungen Walter Benjamins hinsichtlich der maschinellen Reproduktion von Kunstwerken heran, legt die grundsätzliche Funktionsweise Künstlicher Intelligenzen als Algorithmen und Künstliche Neuronale Netzwerke dar und formuliert auf Basis des Freiheitsbegriffs und des Person-Seins Edith Steins den Unterschied zwischen menschlicher und maschineller Kunst. Das Fazit des Beitrags ist dabei, dass Künstliche Intelligenzen nicht in der gleichen Weise dazu befähigt sind, Kunstwerke zu erschaffen, wie es der Menschen vermag, und eher als Werkzeug des künstlerischen Prozesses denn als „Künstler“ eingeordnet werden sollten.
description: This paper aims to determine whether products of artificial intelligences can constitute art, whether these products differ from art produced by humans, and how such difference can be defined. In investigating these questions, the paper considers Walter Benjamin’s thoughts on the mechanical reproduction of works of art, it explains the basic functionality of artificial intelligences based on algorithms and neural networks, and it draws a boundary between human and mechanical art based on Edith Steins’ understanding of freedom and personhood. It will be concluded that artificial intelligences are not able to create art in the same way that humans can; they are tools of artistic processes rather than “artists”.
description: Limina, 3(2), 217-235
Phase Transitions in Brownian Pumps
Creators: name: Dierl, Marcel
name: Dieterich, Wolfgang
name: Einax, Mario
name: Maass, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study stochastic particle transport between two reservoirs along a channel, where the particles are pumped against a bias by a traveling wave potential. It is shown that phase transitions of period-averaged densities or currents occur inside the channel when exclusion interactions between the particles are taken into account. These transitions reflect those known for the asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP). We argue that their occurrence is a generic feature of Brownian motors operating in open systems.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Quartierspiegel Leimbach 2023
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zentralbibliothek Zürich
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 314 Allgemeine Statistiken zu Europa
subject: 710 Städtebau, Raumplanung, Landschaftsgestaltung
subject: 949 Geschichte anderer Teile Europas
subject: Zürich-Leimbach
subject: Zürich / Kreis 2
subject: Quartier
subject: Amtliche Statistik
subject: Bevölkerungsstatistik

description: Eingefasst von Uetliberg und Entlisberg, hat Leimbach seinen Vorort-Charakter nie ganz verloren. Geprägt wurde das südlichste Quartier der Stadt von jeher durch seine genossenschaftlichen Siedlungen. Dank zahlreichen unbebauten Flächen ist Leimbach in den letzten Jahren immer attraktiver geworden: Viele neue Wohnungen sind auf Familien ausgerichtet.
APPRAISAL OF DESIGEN PRACTICE AND FAILURE OF RIVER DIVERSION FOR IRRIGATION SCHEMES: A CASE OF WADLA WOREDA NORTH WOLLO, ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: KUMNEGER DESALEGN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Wadla woreda is located in south western parts of north wollo zone at latitude of 11°36'35.03" N and longitude of 38°55'54.06"E. This study appraises the design practice and failure of the river diversion structure for irrigation in the study area and identifying, analyzing and categorizing of the main problems were focus points. This study considered by selecting five existing river diversion structures in different Kebeles of the woreda to understand the causes of the major failures of the structures by considering different aspects such as pre- and post-construction, institutional aspects, planning problems, social and operational problems and initial design documents. In order to identify and characterized the existing irrigation schemes field observation and measurements, group discussions, interview and questionaries’ were used to achieve the objectives of this study and analyzed by SPSS statistical software. Arc-GIS 10.1 was applied to delineate the watershed of the study area, pick discharge estimated by Soil conservation system (SCS) and Auto CAD -2007 used for design purposes. The design practice of the studied area is very poor. In these study areas most of the implemented schemes are suffering from problems attributed to design, construction, and operation & maintenance that lead to major failure of the structures.