cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Non-ergodic effects in the Coulomb glass: specific heat
Creators: name: Díaz-Sánchez, A.
name: Möbius, A.
name: Ortuño, M.
name: Neklioudov, A.
name: Schreiber, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical method for the investigation of non-ergodic effects in the Coulomb glass. For that, an almost complete set of low-energy many-particle states is obtained by a new algorithm. The dynamics of the sample is mapped to the graph formed by the relevant transitions between these states, that means by transitions with rates larger than the inverse of the duration of the measurement. The formation of isolated clusters in the graph indicates non-ergodicity. We analyze the connectivity of this graph in dependence on temperature, duration of measurement, degree of disorder, and dimensionality, studying how non-ergodicity is reflected in the specific heat.
description: Submited Phys. Rev. B
Trepobates citatus Drake & Chapman 1953
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Kolínová, Zdislava
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Trepobates
Trepobates citatus

description: Trepobates citatus Drake & Chapman, 1953
 Trepobates citatus Drake & Chapman, 1953: 111–112 (original description).
Four paratypes are deposited in NMPC:
PARATYPE (J apter.): ‘Apopka, Fla. [p] / XII - 17 - [hw] 195[p]2 [hw] / H. C. Chapman [p] // J [p] // Paratype [p] / Trepobates / citatus / D. & C. [hw, red label]’.
PARATYPE (J apter): ‘Apopka, Fla. [p] / XI - 10 [hw] 195[p]2 [hw] / H. C. Chapman [p] // J [p] // Paratype [p] / Trepobates / citatus / D. & C. [hw, red label]’.
PARATYPE (♀ apter.): ‘Apopka, Fla. [p] / XI - 11 - [hw] 195[p]2 [hw] / H. C. Chapman [p] // ♀ [p] // Paratype [p] / Trepobates / citatus / D. & C. [hw, red label]’.
PARATYPE (♀ apter): ‘Apopka, Fla. [p] / XI - 10 [hw] 195[p]2 [hw] / H. C. Chapman [p] // ♀ [p] // Paratype [p] / Trepobates / citatus / D. & C. [hw, red label]’.
 Current status. Junior synonym of Trepobates subnitidus Esaki, 1926 (see KITTLE 1991; POLHEMUS & POLHEMUS 1995b, 2002).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr & Kolínová, Zdislava, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 821-890 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (2) on page 870, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5740731
The Population of Pulsating Variable Stars in the Sextans Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
Creators: name: Vivas, Kathy
name: Alonso-García, Javier
name: Mateo, Mario
name: Walker, Alistair
name: Howard, Brittany
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large extension of the Sextans dwarf spheroidal galaxy, 7 sq degrees, has been surveyed for variable stars using the Dark Energy Camera at the Blanco Telescope in Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, Chile. We report 7 Anomalous Cepheids, 199 RR Lyrae stars and 16 dwarf Cepheids in the field. This is only the fifth extra-galactic systems in which dwarf Cepheids have been systematically searched. Henceforth, the new stars increase the census of stars coming from different environments that can be used to asses the advantages and limitations of using dwarf Cepheids as standard candles in populations for which the metallicity is not necessarily known. The dwarf Cepheids found in Sextans have a mean period of 0.066 days, and a mean $g$ amplitude of 0.87 mags. They are located below the horizontal branch spanning a range of 0.8 mag, between $21.9 < g < 22.7$. The number of dwarf Cepheids in Sextans is low compared with other galaxies such as Carina, which have a strong intermediate-age population. On the other hand, the number and ratio of RR Lyrae stars to dwarf Cepheids is quite similar to Sculptor, a galaxy which, as Sextans, is dominated by an old stellar population. The dwarf Cepheid stars found in Sextans follow a well constrained Period-Luminosity relationship with an rms=0.05 mag in the $g$ band, which was set up by anchoring to the distance modulus given by the RR Lyrae stars. Although the majority of the variable stars in Sextans are located toward the center of the galaxy, we have found 2 RR Lyrae stars and 1 Anomalous Cepheid in the outskirts of the galaxy, which may be extra-tidal stars and suggest this galaxy may be undergoing tidal destruction. These possible extra-tidal variable stars share the same proper motions as Sextans, as seen by recent Gaia measurements.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ
Correction: Genetic Analysis of the Neurosteroid Deoxycorticosterone and Its Relation to Alcohol Phenotypes: Identification of QTLs and Downstream Gene Regulation
Creators: name: Porcu, Patrizia
name: O'Buckley, Todd K.
name: Wang, Xusheng
name: Morrow, A. Leslie
name: Williams, Robert W.
name: Lu, Lu
name: Miles, Michael F.
name: Harenza, Jo Lynne
name: Song, Soomin C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Background Deoxycorticosterone (DOC) is an endogenous neurosteroid found in brain and serum, precursor of the GABAergic neuroactive steroid (3α,5α)-3,21-dihydroxypregnan-20-one (tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone, THDOC) and the glucocorticoid corticosterone. These steroids are elevated following stress or ethanol administration, contribute to ethanol sensitivity, and their elevation is blunted in ethanol dependence. Methodology/Principal Findings To systematically define the genetic basis, regulation, and behavioral significance of DOC levels in plasma and cerebral cortex we examined such levels across 47 young adult males from C57BL/6J (B6)×DBA/2J (D2) (BXD) mouse strains for quantitative trait loci (QTL) and bioinformatics analyses of behavior and gene regulation. Mice were injected with saline or 0.075 mg/kg dexamethasone sodium salt at 8:00 am and were sacrificed 6 hours later. DOC levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Basal cerebral cortical DOC levels ranged between 1.4 and 12.2 ng/g (8.7-fold variation, p<0.0001) with a heritability of ∼0.37. Basal plasma DOC levels ranged between 2.8 and 12.1 ng/ml (4.3-fold variation, p<0.0001) with heritability of ∼0.32. QTLs for basal DOC levels were identified on chromosomes 4 (cerebral cortex) and 14 (plasma). Dexamethasone-induced changes in DOC levels showed a 4.4-fold variation in cerebral cortex and a 4.1-fold variation in plasma, but no QTLs were identified. DOC levels across BXD strains were further shown to be co-regulated with networks of genes linked to neuronal, immune, and endocrine function. DOC levels and its responses to dexamethasone were associated with several behavioral measures of ethanol sensitivity previously determined across the BXD strains by multiple laboratories. Conclusions/Significance Both basal and dexamethasone-suppressed DOC levels are positively correlated with ethanol sensitivity suggesting that the neurosteroid DOC may be a putative biomarker of alcohol phenotypes. DOC levels were also strongly correlated with networks of genes associated with neuronal function, innate immune pathways, and steroid metabolism, likely linked to behavioral phenotypes.
The fractional quantum Hall effect: Chern-Simons mapping, duality, Luttinger liquids and the instanton vacuum
Creators: name: Skoric, B.
name: Pruisken, A. M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive, from first principles, the complete Luttinger liquid theory of abelian quantum Hall edge states. This theory includes the effects of disorder and Coulomb interactions as well as the coupling to external electromagnetic fields. We introduce a theory of spatially separated (individually conserved) edge modes, find an enlarged dual symmetry and obtain a complete classification of quasiparticle operators and tunneling exponents. The chiral anomaly on the edge and Laughlin's gauge argument are used to obtain unambiguously the Hall conductance. In resolving the problem of counter flowing edge modes, we find that the long range Coulomb interactions play a fundamental role. In order to set up a theory for arbitrary filling fractions $ν$ we use the idea of a two dimensional network of percolating edge modes. We derive an effective, single mode Luttinger liquid theory for tunneling processes into the quantum Hall edge which yields a continuous tunneling exponent $1/ν$. The network approach is also used to re-derive the instanton vacuum or $Q$-theory for the plateau transitions.
description: 36 pages, 7 figures (eps)
Trepobates knighti Drake & Harris 1928
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Kolínová, Zdislava
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Trepobates
Trepobates knighti

description: Trepobates knighti Drake & Harris, 1928
 Trepobates knighti Drake & Harris, 1928: 28−29 (original description).
One paratype is deposited in NMPC:
PARATYPE (♀ macr.): ‘Ames. Iowa [p] / 7-29- [hw] 192[p]4 [hw] / C. J. Drake [p] // J [p] // PARATYPE [p] / Trepobates / knighti n. sp. / Drake + Harris [hw, red label]’.
 Current status. Valid species (see SMITH 1988b; POLHEMUS & POLHEMUS 1995b, 2002).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr & Kolínová, Zdislava, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 821-890 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (2) on page 870, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5740731
Pseudomonas aeruginosa PilY1 Binds Integrin in an RGD- and Calcium-Dependent Manner
Creators: name: Wolfgang, Matthew C.
name: Bond, Jennifer E.
name: Johnson, Michael D. L.
name: Redinbo, Matthew R.
name: Garrett, Christopher K.
name: Coggan, Kimberly A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: PilY1 is a type IV pilus (tfp)-associated protein from the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa that shares functional similarity with related proteins in infectious Neisseria and Kingella species. Previous data have shown that PilY1 acts as a calcium-dependent pilus biogenesis factor necessary for twitching motility with a specific calcium binding site located at amino acids 850–859 in the 1,163 residue protein. In addition to motility, PilY1 is also thought to play an important role in the adhesion of P. aeruginosa tfp to host epithelial cells. Here, we show that PilY1 contains an integrin binding arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif located at residues 619–621 in the PilY1 from the PAK strain of P. aeruginosa; this motif is conserved in the PilY1s from the other P. aeruginosa strains of known sequence. We demonstrate that purified PilY1 binds integrin in vitro in an RGD-dependent manner. Furthermore, we identify a second calcium binding site (amino acids 600–608) located ten residues upstream of the RGD. Eliminating calcium binding from this site using a D608A mutation abolished integrin binding; in contrast, a calcium binding mimic (D608K) preserved integrin binding. Finally, we show that the previously established PilY1 calcium binding site at 851–859 also impacts the protein's association with integrin. Taken together, these data indicate that PilY1 binds to integrin in an RGD- and calcium-dependent manner in vitro. As such, P. aeruginosa may employ these interactions to mediate host epithelial cell binding in vivo.
Atalantums H-K from the peels of Atalantia monophylla and their cytotoxicity
Creators: name: Aonnicha Sombatsri
name: Yutthapong Thummanant
name: Thurdpong Sribuhom
name: Paweena Wongphakham
name: Thanaset Senawong
name: Chavi Yenjai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Four new benzoyltyramines, atalantums H-K (1–4) and seven known compounds were isolated from the peels of Atalantia monophylla. All compounds were tested for cytotoxicity against HeLa, HCT116 and MCF-7 cell lines, as well as normal cells (Vero cells). Compound 5 showed cytotoxicity against HeLa, HCT116 and MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 16-25 μg/mL but was inactive against Vero cells. Compound 6 also showed interesting results as compound 5 with IC50 values ranging from 15-18 μg/mL and an IC50 value of 80.20 μg/mL against Vero cells. This means compounds 5 and 6 can be used as lead compounds for anticancer agents.
The Role of Calcineurin/NFAT in SFRP2 Induced Angiogenesis—A Rationale for Breast Cancer Treatment with the Calcineurin Inhibitor Tacrolimus
Creators: name: Ketelsen, David
name: Shen, Xiang Jun
name: Bandhu Nepal, Desh
name: Siamakpour-Reihani, Sharareh
name: Courtwright, Andrew
name: Usary, Jerry
name: Darr, David
name: Patterson, Cam
name: Klauber-DeMore, Nancy
name: Hilliard, Eleanor
name: Caster, Joseph
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Tacrolimus (FK506) is an immunosuppressive drug that binds to the immunophilin FKBPB12. The FK506-FKBP12 complex associates with calcineurin and inhibits its phosphatase activity, resulting in inhibition of nuclear translocation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT). There is increasing data supporting a critical role of NFAT in mediating angiogenic responses stimulated by both vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and a novel angiogenesis factor, secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2). Since both VEGF and SFRP2 are expressed in breast carcinomas, we hypothesized that tacrolimus would inhibit breast carcinoma growth. Using IHC (IHC) with antibodies to FKBP12 on breast carcinomas we found that FKBP12 localizes to breast tumor vasculature. Treatment of MMTV-neu transgenic mice with tacrolimus (3 mg/kg i.p. daily) (n = 19) resulted in a 73% reduction in the growth rate for tacrolimus treated mice compared to control (n = 15), p = 0.003; which was associated with an 82% reduction in tumor microvascular density (p<0.001) by IHC. Tacrolimus (1 µM) inhibited SFRP2 induced endothelial tube formation by 71% (p = 0.005) and inhibited VEGF induced endothelial tube formation by 67% (p = 0.004). To show that NFATc3 is required for SFRP2 stimulated angiogenesis, NFATc3 was silenced with shRNA in endothelial cells. Sham transfected cells responded to SFRP2 stimulation in a tube formation assay with an increase in the number of branch points (p<0.003), however, cells transfected with shRNA to NFATc3 showed no increase in tube formation in response to SFRP2. This demonstrates that NFATc3 is required for SFRP2 induced tube formation, and tacrolimus inhibits angiogenesis in vitro and breast carcinoma growth in vivo. This provides a rationale for examining the therapeutic potential of tacrolimus at inhibiting breast carcinoma growth in humans.
Electromagnetic currents for dressed hadrons
Creators: name: Haberzettl, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an extension of the minimal-substitution prescription for coupling the electromagnetic field to hadronic systems with internal structure. The resulting rules of extended substitution necessarily distinguish between couplings to scalar and Dirac particles. Moreover, they allow for the incorporation of electromagnetic form factors for virtual photons in an effective phenomenological framework. Applied to pions and nucleons, assumed to be fully dressed to all orders, the resulting dressed currents are shown to be locally gauge invariant. Moreover, half-on-shell expressions of (hadron propagator)$\times$(electromagnetic current) needed in all descriptions of physical processes will lose \textit{all} information about hadronic dressing for real photons. The Ball-Chiu ansatz for the spin-1/2 current is seen to suffer from an incomplete coupling procedure where some essential aspects of the Dirac particle are effectively treated as those of a scalar particle. Applied to real Compton scattering on pions and nucleons, we find that \emph{all} dressing information cancels exactly when external hadrons are on shell, leaving only gauge-invariant bare Born-type contributions with physical masses. Hence, nontrivial descriptions necessarily require contact-type two-photon processes obtained by hadrons looping around two photon insertion points.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures. Typo corrections; as published in Phys. Rev. D
Correction: Mucosal Healing and Fibrosis after Acute or Chronic Inflammation in Wild Type FVB-N Mice and C57BL6 Procollagen α1(I)-Promoter-GFP Reporter Mice
Creators: name: Walton, Kristen L. W.
name: Lund, Pauline Kay
name: Ding, Shengli
name: Magness, Scott T.
name: MacNaughton, Kirk
name: Blue, Randall Eric
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: BackgroundInjury and intestinal inflammation trigger wound healing responses that can restore mucosal architecture but if chronic, can promote intestinal fibrosis. Intestinal fibrosis is a major complication of Crohn’s disease. The cellular and molecular basis of mucosal healing and intestinal fibrosis are not well defined and better understanding requires well characterized mouse models.MethodsFVB-N wild type mice and C57BL6 procollagen α1(I)-GFP reporter mice were given one (DSS1) or two (DSS2) cycles of 3% DSS (5 days/cycle) followed by 7 days recovery. Histological scoring of inflammation and fibrosis were performed at DSS1, DSS1+3, DSS1+7, DSS2, DSS2+3, and DSS2+7. Procollagen α1(I)-GFP activation was assessed in DSS and also TNBS models by whole colon GFP imaging and fluorescence microscopy. Colocalization of GFP with α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) or vimentin was examined. GFP mRNA levels were tested for correlation with endogenous collagen α1(I) mRNA.ResultsMales were more susceptible to DSS-induced disease and mortality than females. In FVB-N mice one DSS cycle induced transient mucosal inflammation and fibrosis that resolved by 7 days of recovery. Two DSS cycles induced transmural inflammation and fibrosis in a subset of FVB-N mice but overall, did not yield more consistent, severe or sustained fibrosis. In C57BL6 mice, procollagen α1(I)-GFP reporter was activated at the end of DSS1 and through DSS+7 with more dramatic and transmural activation at DSS2 through DSS2+7, and in TNBS treated mice. In DSS and TNBS models GFP reporter expression localized to vimentin+ cells and much fewer α-SMA+ cells. GFP mRNA strongly correlated with collagen α1(I) mRNA.ConclusionsOne DSS cycle in FVB-N mice provides a model to study mucosal injury and subsequent mucosal healing. The procollagen α1(I)-GFP transgenic provides a useful model to study activation of a gene encoding a major extracellular matrix protein during acute or chronic experimental intestinal inflammation and fibrosis.
A simple solid-on-solid model of epitaxial thin films growth: surface roughness and dynamics
Creators: name: Malarz, K.
name: Maksymowicz, A. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The random deposition model must be enriched to reflect the variety of surface roughness due to some material characteristics of the film growing by vacuum deposition or sputtering. The essence of the computer simulation in this case is to account for possible surface migration of atoms just after the deposition, in connection with binding energy between atoms (as the mechanism provoking the diffusion) and/or diffusion energy barrier. The interplay of these two factors leads to different morphologies of the growing surfaces from flat and smooth ones, to rough and spiky ones. In this paper we extended our earlier calculation by applying some extra diffusion barrier at the edges of terrace-like structures, known as Ehrlich-Schwoebel barrier. It is experimentally observed that atoms avoid descending when the terrace edge is approach and these barriers mimic this tendency. Results of our Monte Carlo computer simulations are discussed in terms of surface roughness, and compared with other model calculations and some experiments from literature. The power law of the surface roughness $σ$ against film thickness $t$ was confirmed. The nonzero minimum value of the growth exponent $β$ near 0.2 was obtained which is due to the limited range of the surface diffusion and the Ehrlich-Schwoebel barrier. Observations for different diffusion range are also discussed. The results are also confronted with some deterministic growth models.
description: 12 pages + 8 figures (to appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. C, journal style applied)
Correction: SARS Coronavirus 3b Accessory Protein Modulates Transcriptional Activity of RUNX1b
Creators: name: Baric, Ralph
name: Lal, Sunil K.
name: Tan, Yee-Joo
name: Varshney, Bhavna
name: Agnihothram, Sudhakar
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: BackgroundThe causative agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome, SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) genome encodes several unique group specific accessory proteins with unknown functions. Among them, accessory protein 3b (also known as ORF4) was lately identified as one of the viral interferon antagonist. Recently our lab uncovered a new role for 3b in upregulation of AP-1 transcriptional activity and its downstream genes. Thus, we believe that 3b might play an important role in SARS-CoV pathogenesis and therefore is of considerable interest. The current study aims at identifying novel host cellular interactors of the 3b protein.Methodology/Principal FindingsIn this study, using yeast two-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation techniques, we have identified a host transcription factor RUNX1b (Runt related transcription factor, isoform b) as a novel interacting partner for SARS-CoV 3b protein. Chromatin immunoprecipitaion (ChIP) and reporter gene assays in 3b expressing jurkat cells showed recruitment of 3b on the RUNX1 binding element that led to an increase in RUNX1b transactivation potential on the IL2 promoter. Kinase assay and pharmacological inhibitor treatment implied that 3b also affect RUNX1b transcriptional activity by regulating its ERK dependent phosphorylation levels. Additionally, mRNA levels of MIP-1α, a RUNX1b target gene upregulated in SARS-CoV infected monocyte-derived dendritic cells, were found to be elevated in 3b expressing U937 monocyte cells.Conclusions/SignificanceThese results unveil a novel interaction of SARS-CoV 3b with the host factor, RUNX1b, and speculate its physiological relevance in upregulating cytokines and chemokine levels in state of SARS virus infection.
Correction: Transcript Profiling Identifies Dynamic Gene Expression Patterns and an Important Role for Nrf2/Keap1 Pathway in the Developing Mouse Esophagus
Creators: name: Li, Haiyan
name: Que, Jianwen
name: Chen, Xiaoxin
name: Chen, Hao
name: Tevebaugh, Whitney
name: Li, Jianying
name: Hu, Yuhui
name: Yamamoto, Masayuki
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Background and AimsMorphological changes during human and mouse esophageal development have been well characterized. However, changes at the molecular level in the course of esophageal morphogenesis remain unclear. This study aims to globally profile critical genes and signaling pathways during the development of mouse esophagus. By using microarray analysis this study also aims to determine how the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway regulates the morphogenesis of the esophageal epithelium.MethodsGene expression microarrays were used to survey gene expression in the esophagus at three critical phases: specification, metaplasia and maturation. The esophagi were isolated from wild-type, Nrf2−/−, Keap1−/−, or Nrf2−/−Keap1−/− embryos or young adult mice. Array data were statistically analyzed for differentially expressed genes and pathways. Histochemical and immunohistochemical staining were used to verify potential involvement of the Wnt pathway, Pparβ/δ and the PI3K/Akt pathway in the development of esophageal epithelium.ResultsDynamic gene expression patterns accompanied the morphological changes of the developing esophagus at critical phases. Particularly, the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway had a baseline activity in the metaplasia phase and was further activated in the maturation phase. The Wnt pathway was active early and became inactive later in the metaplasia phase. In addition, Keap1−/− mice showed increased expression of Nrf2 downstream targets and genes involved in keratinization. Microarray and immunostaining data also suggested that esophageal hyperkeratosis in the Keap1−/− mice was due to activation of Pparβ/δ and the PI3K/Akt pathway.ConclusionsMorphological changes of the esophageal epithelium are associated with dynamic changes in gene expression. Nrf2/Keap1 pathway activity is required for maturation of mouse esophageal epithelium.
Tight Binding Molecular Dynamics Studies of Boron Assisted Nanotube Growth
Creators: name: Hernandez, E.
name: Ordejon, P.
name: Boustani, I.
name: Rubio, A.
name: Alonso, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we report a theoretical study of the effects of the presence of boron in growing carbon nanotubes. We employ a well established Tight Binding model to describe the interactions responsible for the energetics of these systems, combined with the Molecular Dynamics simulation technique and Structural Relaxation calculations. We find, in agreement with the previous theoretical/experimental work of Blase {\em et al.} [{\em Phys. Rev. Lett.} {\bf 83}, 5078 (1999)], that boron favors (n,0) (zig-zag) tubular structures over (n,n) (arm-chair) ones by stabilizing the zig-zag edge. Furthermore, it is shown that boron has the effect of delaying the tube closure process, a fact which could explain the improved aspect ratio experimentally observed in nanotubes synthesized in the presence of boron. Our dynamical simulations lead us to propose a mechanism through which this extension of the closure time can be explained.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, to appear in J. Chem. Phys
Trepobates panamensis Drake & Hottes 1952
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Kolínová, Zdislava
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Trepobates
Trepobates panamensis

description: Trepobates panamensis Drake & Hottes, 1952
 Trepobates panamensis Drake & Hottes, 1952b: 35–37 (original description).
Two paratypes are deposited in NMPC:
PARATYPE (J apter.): ‘ Panama, Pan. / Aug. 13. 1934 / L. J. Rozeboom [p] // J [p] // Paratype [p] / Trepobates / panamensis / D. + H. [hw, red label]’.
PARATYPE (♀ macr.): ‘Canal Zone / Pan. 2 – 10. 39 / C. J. Drake // ♀ [p] // Paratype [p] / Trepobates / panamensis / D. + H. [hw, red label]’.
 Current status. Valid species (see FROESCHNER 1999; POLHEMUS & POLHEMUS 1995b, 2002; HECKMAN 2011).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr & Kolínová, Zdislava, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 821-890 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (2) on page 870, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5740731
Additional file 1 of Capturing artificial intelligence applications’ value proposition in healthcare – a qualitative research study
Creators: name: Hennrich, Jasmin
name: Ritz, Eva
name: Hofmann, Peter
name: Urbach, Nils
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1.
QED and Fundamental Symmetries in Positronium Decays
Creators: name: Bass, Steven D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss positronium decays with emphasis on tests of fundamental symmetries and the constraints from measurements of other precision observables involving electrons and photons.
description: 15 pages, to appear in Acta Physica Polonica B, based on a lecture presented at the 3rd Symposium on Positron Emission Tomography, Cracow, September 10-13 2018
Counting Colorful Necklaces and Bracelets in Three Colors
Creators: name: Bernstein, Dennis S.
name: Kouba, Omran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A05

description: A necklace or bracelet is \textit{colorful} if no pair of adjacent beads are the same color. In addition, two necklaces are \textit{equivalent} if one results from the other by permuting its colors, and two bracelets are \textit{equivalent} if one results from the other by either permuting its colors or reversing the order of the beads; a bracelet is thus a necklace that can be turned over. This note counts the number $K(n)$ of non-equivalent colorful necklaces and the number $K'(n)$ of colorful bracelets formed with $n$-beads in at most three colors. Expressions obtained for $K'(n)$ simplify expressions given by OEIS sequence A114438, while the expressions given for $K(n)$ appear to be new and are not included in OEIS.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures
Data Assimilation for Navier-Stokes using the Least-Squares Finite-Element Method
Creators: name: Schwarz, Alexander
name: Dwight, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically and numerically the use of the Least-Squares Finite-element method (LSFEM) to approach data-assimilation problems for the steady-state, incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Our LSFEM discretization is based on a stress-velocity-pressure (S-V-P) first-order formulation, using discrete counterparts of the Sobolev spaces $H({\rm div}) \times H^1 \times L^2$ respectively. Resolution of the system is via minimization of a least-squares functional representing the magnitude of the residual of the equations. A simple and immediate approach to extend this solver to data-assimilation is to add a data-discrepancy term to the functional. Whereas most data-assimilation techniques require a large number of evaluations of the forward-simulations and are therefore very expensive, the approach proposed in this work uniquely has the same cost as a single forward run. However, the question arises: what is the statistical model implied by this choice? We answer this within the Bayesian framework, establishing the latent background covariance model and the likelihood. Further we demonstrate that - in the linear case - the method is equivalent to application of the Kalman filter, and derive the posterior covariance. We practically demonstrate the capabilities of our method on a backward-facing step case. Our LSFEM formulation (without data) is shown to have good approximation quality, even on relatively coarse meshes - in particular with respect to mass-conservation and reattachment location. Adding limited velocity measurements from experiment, we show that the method is able to correct for discretization error on very coarse meshes, as well as correct for the influence of unknown and uncertain boundary-conditions.
Genetic Ancestry, Self-Reported Race and Ethnicity in African Americans and European Americans in the PCaP Cohort
Creators: name: Fontham, Elizabeth T. H.
name: Bensen, Jeannette T.
name: Taylor, Jack A.
name: Preus, Leah
name: Mohler, James L.
name: Su, L. Joseph
name: Smith, Gary J.
name: Singh, Prashant K.
name: Xu, Zongli
name: Ruiz, Bernardo
name: Sucheston, Lara E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: BackgroundFamily history and African-American race are important risk factors for both prostate cancer (CaP) incidence and aggressiveness. When studying complex diseases such as CaP that have a heritable component, chances of finding true disease susceptibility alleles can be increased by accounting for genetic ancestry within the population investigated. Race, ethnicity and ancestry were studied in a geographically diverse cohort of men with newly diagnosed CaP.MethodsIndividual ancestry (IA) was estimated in the population-based North Carolina and Louisiana Prostate Cancer Project (PCaP), a cohort of 2,106 incident CaP cases (2063 with complete ethnicity information) comprising roughly equal numbers of research subjects reporting as Black/African American (AA) or European American/Caucasian/Caucasian American/White (EA) from North Carolina or Louisiana. Mean genome wide individual ancestry estimates of percent African, European and Asian were obtained and tested for differences by state and ethnicity (Cajun and/or Creole and Hispanic/Latino) using multivariate analysis of variance models. Principal components (PC) were compared to assess differences in genetic composition by self-reported race and ethnicity between and within states.ResultsMean individual ancestries differed by state for self-reporting AA (p = 0.03) and EA (p = 0.001). This geographic difference attenuated for AAs who answered “no” to all ethnicity membership questions (non-ethnic research subjects; p = 0.78) but not EA research subjects, p = 0.002. Mean ancestry estimates of self-identified AA Louisiana research subjects for each ethnic group; Cajun only, Creole only and both Cajun and Creole differed significantly from self-identified non-ethnic AA Louisiana research subjects. These ethnicity differences were not seen in those who self-identified as EA.ConclusionsMean IA differed by race between states, elucidating a potential contributing factor to these differences in AA research participants: self-reported ethnicity. Accurately accounting for genetic admixture in this cohort is essential for future analyses of the genetic and environmental contributions to CaP.
Trepobates vazquezae Drake & Hottes 1951
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Kolínová, Zdislava
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Trepobates
Trepobates vazquezae

description: Trepobates vazquezae Drake & Hottes, 1951
 Trepobates vazquezae Drake & Hottes, 1951a: 141–143 (original description).
Nine paratypes are deposited in NMPC:
PARATYPES (4 JJ macr.): ‘Acapulco, Mex. / Aug. 3, 1951 / Drake & Hottes [p] // J [p] // Paratype [p] / Trepobates / vazquezae / D + H [hw, red label]’.
PARATYPE (♀ apter.): ‘Acapulco, Mex. / Aug. 3, 1951 / Drake & Hottes [p] // ♀ [p] // Paratype [p] / Trepobates / vazquezae / D + H [hw, red label] // Trepobates / vazquezae / D. & H. [hw, white label with black frame submarginally]’.
PARATYPES (4 ♀♀: 2♀♀ apter., 2 ♀♀ macr.):‘Acapulco, Mex./ Aug.3, 1951 / Drake & Hottes [p] // ♀ [p] // Paratype [p] / Trepobates / vazquezae / D + H [hw, red label]’.
 Current status. Valid species (see MATSUDA 1960; POLHEMUS & POLHEMUS 1995b, 2002).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr & Kolínová, Zdislava, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 821-890 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (2) on page 871, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5740731
A simple solid-on-solid model of epitaxial thin films growth: surface morphology anisotropy
Creators: name: Malarz, K.
name: Maksymowicz, A. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a generalization of a simple solid-on-solid epitaxial model of thin films growth, when surface morphology anisotropy is provoked by anisotropy in model control parameters: binding energy and/or diffusion barrier. The anisotropy is discussed in terms of the height-height correlation function. It was experimentally confirmed that the difference in diffusion barriers yields anisotropy in morphology of the surface. We got antisymmetric correlations in the two in-plane directions for antisymmetric binding.
description: 6 pages + 2 figures (to appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. C, journal style applied)
Macrosaldula indica Vinokurov 2013
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Kolínová, Zdislava
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Saldidae
Macrosaldula
Macrosaldula indica

description: Macrosaldula indica Vinokurov, 2013
 Macrosaldula indica: VINOKUROV (2012a): 303 –305, Figs 22–30 (original description) (unavailable name).
 Macrosaldula indica: VINOKUROV (2012b): 854 –857, Figs 22–30 (English translation of original description) (unavailable name).
 Macrosaldula indica Vinokurov, 2013: 58 (diagnosis, valid holotype designation).
Three paratypes are deposited in NMPC:
 PARATYPE (J): ‘ INDIA [IN-11] Himachal Pradesh, / Kothi Vill.and environs, 32°18′N / 77°11′E, 2300-2600m, 29.05- / 8.06. 1999 Yu.M.Marusik [p] // J [p] // Paratypus / Macrosaldula indica / Vinokur, 2011 [p, red label]’.
 PARATYPE (J): ‘ India, Kashmir [p] / Srinagar 5.000 ft [hw] / 22. V. – 9. VI. 52 / F A. Kincl leg [p] // COLLECTIO / NATIONAL MUSEUM / Praha, Czech Republic [p] // J [p] // Paratypus / Macrosaldula indica / Vinokurov, 2011 [p, red label]’. (Male genitalia dissected, glued on the same card as the specimen).
 PARATYPE (♀): ‘ India, Kashmir [p] / Srinagar 5.000 ft [hw] / 22. V. – 9. VI. 52 / F A. Kincl leg [p] // COLLECTIO / NATIONAL MUSEUM / Praha, Czech Republic [p] // ♀ [p] // Paratypus / Macrosaldula indica / Vinokurov, 2011 [p, red label]’. (Female genitalia dissected, glued on the same card as the specimen).
 Current status. Valid species. VINOKUROV (2012a,b) provided detailed description of the taxon but failed to indicate unequivocally the depository of the holotype, which made the species name unavailable according to the provisions of ICZN (1999). VINOKUROV (2013) provided a diagnose and valid holotype designation, including its depository, making the name available from that publication.
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr & Kolínová, Zdislava, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 821-890 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (2) on page 872, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5740731
How democratic backsliding and populism affect trust in democratic institutions
Creators: name: Palacios, Irene
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy

description: In recent decades, there is a widespread perception that we are witnessing a period of confluent crises that are putting world democracies under strain. On the one hand, there is an apparent wave of democratic backsliding at the global level, characterized by gradual loss of democratic quality, weakening checks on executive power, and rising pernicious polarization, among others. On the other hand, populist leaders with illiberal leanings are grabbing power in both democratic and non-democratic regimes. Besides this, citizens seem to be more willing to tolerate undemocratic behaviours, which has been seen as a clear symptom of a crisis of democratic confidence. By combining a global dataset on individuals' democratic attitudes and vote choice with macro-level data on populist/non-populist incumbents and democratic backsliding, this article investigates voters' reactions to backsliding in contexts where incumbents are reasonably expected to commit backsliding (i.e. populist-led regimes) and contexts where backsliding is unlikely to unfold - but it (sometimes) occurs (i.e. non-populist-led regimes). Its main findings indicate that non-populist supporters in backsliding scenarios led by populist incumbents may shape as a resilient force to protect pluralistic democratic institutions, as they reinforce their confidence in both parliaments and political parties as backsliding becomes persistent.
Intra- and Inter-Subunit Disulfide Bond Formation Is Nonessential in Adeno-Associated Viral Capsids
Creators: name: Dokholyan, Nikolay V.
name: Asokan, Aravind
name: Pulicherla, Nagesh
name: Kota, Pradeep
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The capsid proteins of adeno-associated viruses (AAV) have five conserved cysteine residues. Structural analysis of AAV serotype 2 reveals that Cys289 and Cys361 are located adjacent to each other within each monomer, while Cys230 and Cys394 are located on opposite edges of each subunit and juxtaposed at the pentamer interface. The Cys482 residue is located at the base of a surface loop within the trimer region. Although plausible based on molecular dynamics simulations, intra- or inter-subunit disulfides have not been observed in structural studies. In the current study, we generated a panel of Cys-to-Ser mutants to interrogate the potential for disulfide bond formation in AAV capsids. The C289S, C361S and C482S mutants were similar to wild type AAV with regard to titer and transduction efficiency. However, AAV capsid protein subunits with C230S or C394S mutations were prone to proteasomal degradation within the host cells. Proteasomal inhibition partially blocked degradation of mutant capsid proteins, but failed to rescue infectious virions. While these results suggest that the Cys230/394 pair is critical, a C394V mutant was found viable, but not the corresponding C230V mutant. Although the exact nature of the structural contribution(s) of Cys230 and Cys394 residues to AAV capsid formation remains to be determined, these results support the notion that disulfide bond formation within the Cys289/361 or Cys230/394 pair appears to be nonessential. These studies represent an important step towards understanding the role of inter-subunit interactions that drive AAV capsid assembly.
The Jahn-Teller theorem for the 3d magnetic ions
Creators: name: Ropka, Z.
name: Radwanski, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the Jahn-Teller theorem, if applied to 3d-ion compounds, has to be considered in the orbital+spin space. It is despite of the weakness of the intraatomic spin-orbit coupling.
description: 3 pages in RevTex, no figure
Micracanthia drakei Cobben 1960
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Kolínová, Zdislava
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Saldidae
Micracanthia
Micracanthia drakei

description: Micracanthia drakei Cobben, 1960
 Micracanthia drakei Cobben, 1960: 56–59, Figs 45, 51, 53 (original description).
Two paratypes are deposited in NMPC:
PARATYPE (J): ‘J [hw] // leg. R.H. Cobben [p] / St. Cruz - Krip / 3 - 2 [hw] 195[p]7 [hw] / Curaçao [hw, white label with black frame submarginally] // PARATYPE [p] / Micracanthia / drakei Cobben. [hw, red label]’.
PARATYPE (♀): ‘ ♀ [hw] // leg. R.H. Cobben [p] / Santa Cruz / brak. / 20 - 4 - [hw] 195[p]7 [hw] / Aruba [hw, white label with black frame submarginally] // PARATYPE [p] / Micracanthia / drakei Cobben. [hw, red label]’.
 Current status. Valid species (see POLHEMUS 1985a, SCHUH et al. 1987).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr & Kolínová, Zdislava, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 821-890 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (2) on page 872, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5740731
A simple solid-on-solid model of epitaxial thin films growth: inhomogeneous multilayered sandwiches
Creators: name: Malarz, K.
name: Maksymowicz, A. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work a simple solid-on-solid (SOS) model of inhomogeneous films epitaxial growth is presented. The results of the computer simulations based on the random deposition (RD) enriched by a local relaxation which tends to maximize the number of a particle-particle lateral bonds (PPLB) against barriers blocking diffusion are presented. The influence of strength of the atoms interactions and barriers for diffusion on film roughness and possible bridges between the layers in tri-layered sandwich system are considered. For magnetic layers with a nonmagnetic spacer the bridging is responsible for direct magnetic coupling between layers. Also variations of the spacer thickness, when scanning the film surface, is essential for uniformity of the magnetic coupling between the layers. Number of bridges for very thin spacer, and variation of the spacer thickness are discussed in this work.
description: 7 pages + 14 figures (to appear in Thin Solid Films, journal preprint style applied)
Micracanthia husseyi Drake & Chapman 1952
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Kolínová, Zdislava
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Saldidae
Micracanthia
Micracanthia husseyi

description: Micracanthia husseyi Drake & Chapman, 1952
 Micracanthia husseyi Drake & Chapman, 1952: 148–150 (original description).
Two paratypes are deposited in NMPC:
PARATYPE (♀): ‘Cocoa Fla / 20.XII-1952 / H.C.Chapman [hw] // Paratype [p] / Micracanthia / saltaica / D & C [hw, red label] // ♀ [p] // Micracanthia / husseyi / D & C [hw, white label with black frame submarginally]’.
PARATYPE (♀): ‘Cocoa Fla / 20.XII-1952 / H.C.Chapman [hw] // Paratype [p] / Micracanthia / saltaica / D & C [hw, red label] // ♀ [p]’.
 Current status. Valid species (see POLHEMUS 1985 a, 1988; SCHUH et al. 1987).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr & Kolínová, Zdislava, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 821-890 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (2) on page 872, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5740731
Salda alpicola J. Sahlberg 1880
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Kolínová, Zdislava
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Saldidae
Salda
Salda alpicola

description: Salda alpicola J. Sahlberg, 1880
 Salda alpicola J. Sahlberg, 1880: 8−11 (original description).
Two syntypes are deposited in NMPC:
SYNTYPE (J): ‘Salten / Baadfj. [hw] // J. Sahlb. [p] // Spec. typ. [p] // TYPUS [p, red label with black frame submarginally] // J [p] // Salda / alpicola / J. Sahlb. / Det. J. Sahlberg [hw]’.
SYNTYPE (♀): ‘Salten / Baadfj. [hw] // J. Sahlb. [hw] // TYPUS [p, red label with black frame submarginally] // ♀ [p] // Salda / alpicola J. Sahlb. / Det. J. Sahlberg [hw]’.
 Current status. Valid species: Calacanthia aplicola (J. Sahlberg, 1880) (COBBEN 1959, SCHUH et al. 1987, LINDSKOG 1995).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr & Kolínová, Zdislava, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 821-890 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (2) on pages 872-873, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5740731