cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Heat transport by turbulent Rayleigh-Benard Convection in cylindrical samples with aspect ratio one and larger
Creators: name: Funfschilling, Denis
name: Brown, Eric
name: Nikolaenko, Alexei
name: Ahlers, Guenter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-precision measurements of the Nusselt number N as a function of the Rayleigh number R for cylindrical samples of water (Prandtl number sigma = 4.38) with diameters D = 49.7, 24.8, and 9.2 cm, all with aspect ratio Gamma = D/L = 1 (L is the sample height). In addition, we present data for D = 49.7 and Gamma = 1.5, 2, 3, and 6. For each sample the data cover a range of a little over a decade of R. For Gamma = 1 they jointly span the range 10^7 < R < 10^11. Where needed, the data were corrected for the influence of the finite conductivity of the top and bottom plates and of the side walls on the heat transport in the fluid to obtain estimates of N_infinity for plates with infinite conductivity and sidewalls of zero conductivity. For Gamma = 1 the effective exponent gamma_eff of N_infinity = N_0 R^gamma_eff ranges from 0.28 near R = 10^8 to 0.333 near R = 7 times10^10. For R < 10^10 the results are consistent with the Grossmann-Lohse model. For larger R, where the data indicate that N_infinity(R) = R^1/3, the theory has a smaller gamma_eff than 1/3 and falls below the data. The data for Gamma > 1 are only a few percent smaller than the Gamma = 1 results.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. Under consideration for publication in J. Fluid Mech
Benefits and Drawbacks of Robotic Firefighting
Creators: name: A. Y. Abdullahi
name: M. A. Baballe
Publisher: name: gjrpublication
Year: 2024

description: A firefighting robot is a machine designed to put out fires. It can go where it’s too dangerous for people. It uses sensors to find fire and tools like water or foam to extinguish it. This robot helps to keep people safe from harm.
High-energy spectroscopic study of the III-V nitride-based diluted magnetic semiconductor Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_{x}$N
Creators: name: Hwang, J. I.
name: Ishida, Y.
name: Kobayashi, M.
name: Hirata, H.
name: Takubo, K.
name: Mizokawa, T.
name: Fujimori, A.
name: Okamoto, J.
name: Mamiya, K.
name: Saito, Y.
name: Muramatsu, Y.
name: Ott, H.
name: Tanaka, A.
name: Kondo, T.
name: Munekata, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the electronic structure of the diluted magnetic semiconductor Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_{x}$N ($x$ = 0.0, 0.02 and 0.042) grown on Sn-doped $n$-type GaN using photoemission and soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy. Mn $L$-edge x-ray absorption have indicated that the Mn ions are in the tetrahedral crystal field and that their valence is divalent. Upon Mn doping into GaN, new state were found to form within the band gap of GaN, and the Fermi level was shifted downward. Satellite structures in the Mn 2$p$ core level and the Mn 3$d$ partial density of states were analyzed using configuration-interaction calculation on a MnN$_{4}$ cluster model. The deduced electronic structure parameters reveal that the $p$-$d$ exchange coupling in Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_{x}$N is stronger than that in Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_{x}$As.
description: 6pages, 10figures. To be published to Phys. Rev. B
TilinGNN: Learning to Tile with Self-Supervised Graph Neural Network
Creators: name: Xu, Hao
name: Hui, Ka Hei
name: Fu, Chi-Wing
name: Zhang, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce the first neural optimization framework to solve a classical instance of the tiling problem. Namely, we seek a non-periodic tiling of an arbitrary 2D shape using one or more types of tiles: the tiles maximally fill the shape's interior without overlaps or holes. To start, we reformulate tiling as a graph problem by modeling candidate tile locations in the target shape as graph nodes and connectivity between tile locations as edges. Further, we build a graph convolutional neural network, coined TilinGNN, to progressively propagate and aggregate features over graph edges and predict tile placements. TilinGNN is trained by maximizing the tiling coverage on target shapes, while avoiding overlaps and holes between the tiles. Importantly, our network is self-supervised, as we articulate these criteria as loss terms defined on the network outputs, without the need of ground-truth tiling solutions. After training, the runtime of TilinGNN is roughly linear to the number of candidate tile locations, significantly outperforming traditional combinatorial search. We conducted various experiments on a variety of shapes to showcase the speed and versatility of TilinGNN. We also present comparisons to alternative methods and manual solutions, robustness analysis, and ablation studies to demonstrate the quality of our approach.
description: SIGGRAPH 2020, Technical paper. ACM Trans. Graph., Vol. 39, No. 4, Article 129. Homapage: https://appsrv.cse.cuhk.edu.hk/~haoxu/projects/TilinGnn/index.html
Coherence of an extended central spin model with a coupled spin bath
Creators: name: Lu, Pengcheng
name: Shi, Hai-Long
name: Cao, Like
name: Wang, Xiao-Hui
name: Yang, Tao
name: Cao, Junpeng
name: Yang, Wen-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an extended central spin model with an isotropic nearest-neighbour spin-exchange interaction among the bath spins. The system is controllable by external magnetic fields applied on the central spin and the bath, respectively. We construct a basis set of the Hilbert space and express the Hamiltonian of the extended model into a series of $2\times2$ block matrices to obtain the exact solution of the model successfully. Therefrom, the coherence and the spin polarization of the central spin are investigated. We find that if the couplings among the bath spins are antiferromagnetic, the central spin has good coherence and polarization at low temperatures. Moreover, the decoherence is greatly suppressed at the critical point where the strengthes of the central and the bath magnetic field take the same value. A dephasing phenomenon is identified when the initial state of the central spin is unpolarized.
Comentário ao artigo Tempos de incertezas ou tempo de oportunidades?
Creators: name: Orfão, Rosário
Publisher: name: Revista da Sociedade Portuguesa de Anestesiologia
Year: 2020

description: Revista da Sociedade Portuguesa de Anestesiologia, vol. 28 n.º 2 (2020): Revista da Sociedade Portuguesa de Anestesiologia
Defect induced melting of vortices in high-${\bf T_c} $ superconductors: A model based on continuum elasticity theory
Creators: name: Dietel, J.
name: Kleinert, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We set up a melting model for vortex lattices in high-temperature superconductors based on the continuum elasticity theory. The model is Gaussian and includes defect fluctuations by means of a discrete-valued vortex gauge field. We derive the melting temperature of the lattice and predict the size of the Lindemann number. Our result agrees well with experiments for $ {\rm YBa}_2 {\rm Cu}_3 {\rm O}_{7-δ} $, and with modifications also for $ {\rm Bi}_2 {\rm Sr}_2 {\rm Ca} {\rm Cu}_2 {\rm O}_8 $ . We calculate the jumps in the entropy and the magnetic induction at the melting transition.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, typos corrected, Extended final version published in PRB
Electron Transmission Across Normal Metal-Strained Graphene-Normal Metal Junctions
Creators: name: Yan, Weixian
name: Guo, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transmission of the electron across the single normal metal-graphene (NG) and normal-metal-graphene-normal-metal (NGN) junctions has been investigated. For the single NG junction, the profile of the maximum transmission which has been plotted against the dimensionless interface hopping respectively bears similarity to that of the conductance of the system. The minor effect of the incidence energy on transmission can also be found in conductance of the single NG junction whose tunneling behavior poses a striking difference from that of the NGN junction. Concerning with NGN junction, the transmission and conductance show more abundant structures when subjected to different incidence energies, interface hopping, and strain strengths. The increase of strain strength always induces more resonance peaks at different angles in transmission and can therefore enhance the conductance. The increase of length of the middle graphene segment can accommodate more quasi-resonance states, leading to the more resonance peaks and richer structures in transmission. In both single NG and NGN junctions, the increase of the wavefunction period on metal side(s) can be observed due to the enhancement of strain strength, which can serve as the sensor for the detection of the strain strength in graphene.
МЕТОДЫ, ФОРМЫ И СРЕДСТВА РАЗВИТИЯ КОММУНИКАТИВНОЙ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТИ МИГРАНТОВ НА ОСНОВЕ ОНЛАЙН-ОБУЧЕНИЯ РУССКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
Creators: name: Абдуалиева Дурдона Рустамовна, Старший преподаватель кафедры гуманитарных наук  филиала КФУ в г.Джизак, Узбекистан
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Современные миграционные процессы привели к тому, что миллионы людей живут в странах, где язык окружающей среды отличается от их родного. Для успешной интеграции в общество, учебную среду и профессиональную деятельность необходимо развивать коммуникативную компетентность на языке страны проживания. Цифровые технологии и онлайн-курсы предоставляют новые подходы к обучению, позволяя изучать язык в удобное время и темпе. В статье рассматриваются ключевые методы, формы и средства онлайн-обучения русскому языку, их влияние на развитие коммуникативной компетентности мигрантов, а также вызовы, возникающие в процессе дистанционного обучения. Анализируется эффективность различных платформ, учебных материалов и стратегий обучения, обеспечивающих успешное овладение языком.
Diquarks and the Semi-Leptonic Decay of $Λ_{b}$ in the Hybrid Scheme
Creators: name: Guo, Peng
name: Ke, Hong-Wei
name: Li, Xue-Qian
name: Lu, Cai-Dian
name: Wang, Yu-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we use the heavy-quark-light-diquark picture to study the semileptonic decay $Λ_b \to Λ_c+l+\barν_l$ in the so-called hybrid scheme. Namely, we apply the heavy quark effective theory (HQET) for larger $q^2$ (corresponding to small recoil), which is the invariant mass square of $l+\barν$, whereas the perturbative QCD approach for smaller $q^2$ to calculate the form factors. The turning point where we require the form factors derived in the two approaches to be connected, is chosen near $ρ_{cut}=1.1$. It is noted that the kinematic parameter $ρ$ which is usually adopted in the perturbative QCD approach, is in fact exactly the same as the recoil factor $ω=v\cdot v'$ used in HQET where $v$, $v'$ are the four velocities of $Λ_b$ and $Λ_c$ respectively. We find that the final result is not much sensitive to the choice, so that it is relatively reliable. Moreover, we apply a proper numerical program within a small range around $ρ_{cut}$ to make the connection sufficiently smooth and we parameterize the form factor by fitting the curve gained in the hybrid scheme. The expression and involved parameters can be compared with the ones gained by fitting the experimental data. In this scheme the end-point singularities do not appear at all. The calculated value is satisfactorily consistent with the data which is recently measured by the DELPHI collaboration within two standard deviations.
description: 16 pages, including 4 figures, revtex4
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY AND NEW ZEALAND'S PRODUCTIVITY MALAISE: AN INDUSTRY-LEVEL STUDY
Creators: name: Engelbrecht, Hans-Jurgen
name: Xayavong, Vilaphonh
name: Engelbrecht, Hans-Jurgen
name: Xayavong, Vilaphonh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Information and Communication Technology
subject: Labour Productivity Growth
subject: ICT Intensive Industries
subject: New Zealand.

description: This paper examines the link between information and communication technology (ICT) and New Zealand's labour productivity (LP) growth in 29 industries over the period 1988-2003, and over relevant sub-periods. After deriving an ICT intensity index in order to classify industries into 'more ICT intensive' and 'less ICT intensive', we compare LP growth rates for these two industry groupings. Further, we employ dummy variable regression models, including difference-in-difference models, to more formally test the relationship between ICT intensity and LP growth. The results prove to be sensitive to the time period specified. When breaks in the data series are taken into account, there seems to be support for the view that LP growth of more ICT intensive industries has improved over time relative to that of less ICT intensive industries, even though overall LP growth was weak. To put it differently, the restrained New Zealand LP performance apparent from our data seems to have been due mainly to the decline in LP growth of less ICT intensive industries. Our results illustrate that lack of overall productivity growth per se is not necessarily evidence against the beneficial productivity impacts of ICT. Rather, the proper comparison is that between the productivity performance of more ICT intensive versus less ICT intensive industries. However, our results can only be taken as suggestive, given the fact that ICT is but one of the determinants of LP, and given the many inherent measurement problems.
Dynamic control of inventories over finite horizon with an application to airline revenue management
Creators: name: Walczak, Darius
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: When a customer requests a discount fare, the airline must decide whether to sell the seat at the requested discount or to hold the seat in hope that a customer will arrive later who will pay more. I model this situation for a single leg flight with multiple fare classes and customers who arrive according to a semi-Markov process (possibly nonhomogeneous). These customers can request multiple seats (batch requests) and can be overbooked. Under certain conditions, I show that the value function decreases as departure approaches. If each customer only requests a single seat or if the requests can be partially satisfied, then I show that there are optimal booking curves which decrease as departure approaches. I provide counterexamples to show that this structural property of the optimal policy does not hold in general. When customers are allowed to cancel I show that booking curves exist and may be monotone in certain cases. I also consider the situation where the customer's request size and fare offered are not known, but their joint probability distribution is available, and show that under certain conditions existence of booking curves obtains, and that under further assumptions, they are monotone. Finally, the theoretical results are used in realistic numerical examples, which are compared to certain deterministic upper bounds and revenues obtained under heuristic policies. The airline yield management problem described above is an instance of a generic revenue management problem, which, in turn, can be cast into a finite horizon semi-Markov dynamic optimal control problem. I provide examples of other applications of revenue management.
"ISTE'FO" QISSASIDA OILA MASALASI
Creators: name: Abdualimov Behzod Xudoyberdi o'g'li Samarqand davlat universiteti filologiya fakulteti adabiyotshunoslik:  o'zbek adabiyoti yo'nalishi magistranti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada Murod Muhammad Do‘stning “Iste’fo” qissasidagi oila mavzusi tahlil etilgan.
Desingularization of Implicit Analytic Differential Equations
Creators: name: Cendra, Hernan
name: Etchechoury, Maria
name: Ibort, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34A09

description: The question of finding solutions to given implicit differential equations (IDE) has been answered by several authors in the last few years, using different approaches, in an algebraic and also a geometric setting. Many of those results assume in one way or another that the subimmersion theorem can be applied at several stages of the reduction algorithm, which, roughly speaking, allows to reduce a given IDE to a collection of ODE depending on parameters. The main purpose of the present paper is to improve some of the known results by introducing at each stage of the reduction algorithm a desingularization of the manifolds with singularities that may appear when the subimmersion theorem cannot be applied. This can be done for analytic IDE by using some fundamental results on subanalytic subsets and desingularization of closed subanalytic subsets due mainly to Lojasiewicz, Hironaka, Gabrielov, Hardt, Bierstone, Milman and Sussmann, among others. We will show how this approach helps to understand the dynamics given by the Lagrange-D'Alembert-Poincare equations for the symmetric elastic sphere.
description: 50 pages
Consequences of niobium doping for the ferromagnetism and microstructure of anatase Co: TiO2 films
Creators: name: Zhang, S. X.
name: Ogale, S. B.
name: Fu, L. F.
name: Dhar, S.
name: Kundaliya, D. C.
name: Ramadan, W.
name: Browning, N. D.
name: Venkatesan, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that dilute niobium doping has significant effect on the ferromagnetism and microstructure of dilutely cobalt-doped anatase TiO2 films. Epitaxial films of anatase TiO2 with 3% Co, without and with 1% niobium doping were grown by pulsed-laser deposition at 875 C at different oxygen pressures. For growth at 10^{-5} Torr niobium doping suppresses the ferromagnetism, while it enhances the same in films grown at 10^{-4} Torr. High-resolution Z-contrast Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy and Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy show uniform surface segregation of cobalt-rich Ti_{1-x-y}Co_{x}Nb_{y}O_{2-d} phase, but without cobalt metal clusters.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
Anti-de Sitter D-branes in Curved Backgrounds
Creators: name: Huang, Wung-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of the AdS D1-branes which are the bound states of a curved D1-brane with $n$ fundamental strings (F1) in the $AdS_3$ spacetime, and the AdS D2-branes which are the axially symmetric bound states of a curved D2-brane with $m$ D0-branes and $n$ fundamental strings in the $AdS_3 \times S^3$ spacetime. We see that, while the AdS D1-branes asymptotically approach to the event horizon of the $AdS_3$ spacetime the AdS D2-branes will end on it. As the near horizon geometry of the F1/NS5 becomes the spacetime of $AdS_3 \times S^3 \times T^4$ with NS-NS three form turned on, we furthermore investigate the corresponding AdS D-branes in the NS5-branes and macroscopic F-strings backgrounds, as an attempt to understand the origin of the AdS D-branes. From the found DBI solutions we see that in the F-strings background, both of the AdS D1-branes and AdS D2-branes will asymptotically approach to the position with a finite distance away from the F-strings. However, the AdS D2-branes therein could also end on the F-strings once it carries sufficient D0-branes charges. We also see that there does not exist any stable AdS D-branes in the NS5-branes backgrounds. We present physical arguments to explain these results, which could help us in understanding the intriguing mechanics of the formation of the AdS D-branes.
description: Latex 19 pages, typos corrected and correct some physical discussions
DIMENSIONS OF CONFLICT AND THE ROLE OF FOREIGN AID IN FIJI
Creators: name: Gounder, Rukmani
name: Gounder, Rukmani
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Conflict
subject: Aid
subject: Donor Approaches
subject: Fiji

description: As diversity is the strength for economic growth quality domestic institutions and good governance are some of the essential factors to achieve sustainable growth and maintain social stability and harmony. Therefore, necessary social, economic, political and institutional dynamics contribute to higher growth prospects and mitigate conflict in a multi-cultural society. Since the 1987 military coups some of the issues that have confronted the people of Fiji, and others, co-integrate with ethnicity, political instability, conflict and governance. This article links these issues and evaluates the characteristics and factors associated with the dimensions of conflict. In particular, the study highlights the nature and impact of conflict on the civil society and growth. With several crises and instabilities in Fiji, the outcomes of strategic ethnic and distributive conflicts have created new opportunities in inequality in power and resources. The absence of land rights itself is central to the problem where the livelihood of communities are threatened and conflict arises with insecurity. What role can foreign aid play to achieve stability and avoid ethnic conflict for growth? The paper highlights these global issues and a need for a system-wide approach to address conflict and peace. The paper further discusses the use of aid for conflict settlement, growth and development, and the policy implications for Fiji.
Sonochemical effects on single-bubble sonoluminescence
Creators: name: Yuan, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A refined hydrochemical model for single-bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL) is presented. The processes of water vapor evaporation and condensation, mass diffusion, and chemical reactions are taken into account. Numerical simulations of Xe-, Ar- and He-filled bubbles are carried out. The results show that the trapped water vapor in conjunction with its endothermic chemical reactions significantly reduces the temperature within the bubble so that the degrees of ionization are generally very low. The chemical radicals generated from water vapor are shown to play an increasingly important role in the light emission from Xe to He bubbles. Light spectra and pulses are then computed from an optically thin model. It is found that the resulting spectrum intensities are too small and the pulse widths are too short to fit to recent experimental results within stable SBSL range. Addition of a finite-size blackbody core to the optically thin model improves the fitting. Suggestions on how to reconcile the conflict are given.
description: 33 pages, 11 figures, major corrections
Kognitive Leistungsentwicklung bei postlingual Ertaubten nach einer Cochlea Implantation
Creators: name: Afghanyar, Yama
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: In dieser Arbeit wurde sich damit auseinandergesetzt, wie die psychokognitive Leistungsentwicklung von beidseits Ertaubten nach Versorgung mit einem Cochlea Implantat ist. Die Fragestellung war, ob sich durch das Hören mit einem Cochlea Implantat die Kognition der Patienten verändert. Ausgangspunkt dieser Überlegungen waren Studien, die berichtet haben, dass schwerhörige Patienten einen Kognitionsverlust erleiden. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, spezifische kognitive Funktionen bei den Patienten zu testen.
The future of the world's waters is indigenous
Creators: name: Fai ha, V
name: Kankaing, Vanessa
name: Santana, Maynami José
name: Barbosa, Luciana Gomes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Fai ha V, Santana MJ, Barbosa LG. 2023. The future of the world’s waters is indigenous. SILnews 82.
Searching for correlations of geomagnetic activities with high-energy EAS muons
Creators: name: Dey, Rajat K.
name: Ray, Sabyasachi
name: Dam, Sandip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper aims to explore the asymmetry of the muon content of non-vertical and very high energy Monte Carlo showers due to the influence of Earth's geomagnetic field. Simulations have shown that the geomagnetic field modifies the trajectories of muons in a shower producing a polar asymmetry in the density/number of positive and negative muons in the shower front plane. The asymmetry is quantified by a transverse separation between the positive and negative muons barycentric positions through opposite quadrants across the shower core. The dependence of this transverse muon barycenter separation (TMBS) on polar position shows a clear maximum at a position that is correlated with the primary composition and geomagnetic activities. It is noticed that the maximum TMBS parameter exhibits sensitivity to any transient weakening of Earth's magnetic shield caused by geomagnetic storm originated from bursting solar processes. Obtained simulation results are quite important to design any possible new experiment based on these features of muons in extensive air showers.
description: 13 pages, 26 figures
DETERMINANTS OF THE FUNDING VOLATILITY OF INDONESIAN BANKS: A DYNAMIC MODEL
Creators: name: Obben, James
name: Nugroho, Agus Eko
name: Obben, James
name: Nugroho, Agus Eko
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: autoregressive distributed lag model
subject: cointegration
subject: funding volatility ratio
subject: systemic liquidity

description: Illiquidity is at the core of the various currency and banking/financial crises of the 1990s. In the wake of the Asian crisis of 1997/98 the term "systemic liquidity" has been coined to refer to adequate arrangements and practices which permit efficient liquidity management and which provide a buffer during financial distress. A constructed balance-sheet-based variable that captures the essence of the risk from systemic liquidity is funding volatility ratio, FVR. Using data covering January 1990 to July 2003 and employing cointegration techniques, this study attempts to quantify the purported link between FVR and the measurable determinants of a balanced liquidity infrastructure for Indonesia, the country that suffered the most from the Asian crisis. A good fit is obtained for the dynamic regression model and estimates of short-run and long-run impacts and elasticities are computed. FVR is shown to be increasing in the rupiah-US dollar exchange rate, the Jakarta stock market index, interest rate and the number of banks, and decreasing in capital:asset ratio and foreign liabilities: total asset ratio. The best option for lowering the FVR in the short run is increasing bank capital; over the long term enduring increases in foreign-currency accounts and reduction in the number of banks seem to hold the best prospect for lowering the FVR.
Early and Rapid Merging as a Formation Mechanism of Massive Galaxies: Empirical Constraints
Creators: name: Conselice, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a series of empirical computations regarding the role of major mergers in forming the stellar masses of modern galaxies based on measurements of galaxy merger and star formation histories from z~0.5-3. We re-construct the merger history of normal field galaxies from z~3 to z~0 as a function of initial mass using published pair fractions and merger fractions from structural analyses. We calibrate the observed merger time-scale and mass ratios for galaxy mergers using self-consistent N-body models of mergers, composed of dark matter and stars, with mass ratios from 1:1 to 1:5 with various orbital properties and viewing angles. We use these simulations to determine the time-scales and mass ratios that produce structures that would be identified as major mergers. Based on these calculations we argue that a typical massive galaxy at z~3 with M_{*} > 10^{10} M_0 undergoes 4.4^{+1.6}_{-0.9} major mergers at z > 1. We find that by z~1.5 the stellar mass of an average massive galaxy is relatively established, a scenario qualitatively favored in a lambda dominated universe. We argue that the final masses of these systems increases by as much as a factor of 100 allowing Lyman-break galaxies, which tend to have low stellar masses, to become the most massive galaxies in today's universe with M > M^{*}. Induced star formation however only accounts for 10-30% of the stellar mass formed in these galaxies at z < 3. A comparison to semi-analytic models of galaxy formation shows that Cold Dark Matter (CDM) models consistently under-predict the merger fraction, and rate of merging, of massive galaxies at high redshift. This suggests that massive galaxy formation occurs through more merging than predicted in CDM models, rather than a rapid early collapse.
description: ApJ, in press
JOHN LOCKE AFTER 300 YEARS
Creators: name: Alvey, James E.
name: Alvey, James E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Political Economy

description: John Locke was a seminal figure in political philosophy and political economy and this year marks the tercentenary of his death. The paper focuses on the classical liberal interpretation of Locke. In this view, Locke defends individualism, natural rights (especially to property) and minimal government. After sketching this interpretation, I will present some extensions and applications of that interpretation. With this background in mind, I then turn to the views of critics who have claimed that Locke's individualism has been exaggerated and that Lockean rights are not absolute (they must be balanced against duties). Then I address the view of those who see Locke as a defender not of minimal government but of a more muscular (albeit limited) government. I then provide a brief conclusion.
Bayesian Approach to Inverse Time-harmonic Acoustic Scattering from Sound-soft Obstacles with Phaseless Data
Creators: name: Yang, Zhipeng
name: Gui, Xinping
name: Ming, Ju
name: Hu, Guanghui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper concerns the Bayesian approach to inverse acoustic scattering problems of inferring the position and shape of a sound-soft obstacle from phaseless far-field data generated by point source waves. To improve the convergence rate, we use the Gibbs sampling and preconditioned Crank-Nicolson (pCN) algorithm with random proposal variance to implement the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. This usually leads to heavy computational cost, since the unknown obstacle is parameterized in high dimensions. To overcome this challenge, we examine a surrogate model constructed by the generalized polynomial chaos (gPC) method to reduce the computational cost. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
OVERCOMING POSITIVISM IN ECONOMICS: AMARTYA SEN'S PROJECT OF INFUSING ETHICS INTO ECONOMICS
Creators: name: Alvey, James E.
name: Alvey, James E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Logical Positivism, which arose in philosophy early in the twentieth century, proclaimed the sharp distinction between facts and values. Despite objections at the time, positivism was imported into economics in the 1930s. Over time, objections lessened; economics was transformed and ethical considerations were driven out of its core. In the 1950s, debates about positivism arose within the discipline which had exported it. According to the American philosopher Hilary Putnam, the fact/value distinction is now discredited in philosophy. If that is so, the methodological foundations of contemporary economics are also discredited. In this article I examine Amartya Sen’s moral science of economics. First, I will present his historical account of the connections between economics and ethics. Sen claims that there was a close connection between the two until positivism was imported. Second, I will sketch some of Sen’s ethical objections to modern economics, which is still suffering from positivism. Finally, I will lay out some of his ideas on how economics can be returned to an ethical path. Once the ground has been cleared of positivism, ethics can re-emerge in economics in various ways. One path has been marked out by Sen.
Local shower age and segmented slope parameters of lateral density distributions of cosmic ray shower particles
Creators: name: Dey, Rajat K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper describes lateral density distributions of electrons and muons of cosmic ray extensive air showers (EAS) in the energy regime of the KASCADE experiment. Potential EAS observables are extracted while some suitable lateral distribution functions are introduced to describe these lateral density distributions of simulated/observed cosmic ray showers. Mass-sensitivity of these parameters are demonstrated particularly for the KASCADE electron and muon distributions data. Our studies indicate that the KASCADE data favours an idea of gradual change of cosmic ray mass composition from lighter concentration to heavier concentration in terms of these parameters.
description: 4 pages, 9 figures, TAUP 2019
Mappings between reaction-diffusion and kinetically constrained systems: A+A A and the FA model have upper critical dimension d_c=2
Creators: name: Jack, Robert
name: Mayer, Peter
name: Sollich, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an exact mapping between two simple spin models: the Fredrickson-Andersen (FA) model and a model of annihilating random walks with spontaneous creation from the vacuum, A+A 0. We discuss the geometric structure of the mapping and its consequences for symmetries of the models. Hence we are able to show that the upper critical dimension of the FA model is two, and that critical exponents are known exactly in all dimensions. These conclusions also generalise to a mapping between A+A 0 and the reaction-diffusion system in which the reactions are branching and coagulation, A+A A. We discuss the relation of our analysis to earlier work, and explain why the models considered do not fall into the directed percolation universality class.
description: 34 pages, 5 figures
New Method to Calculate Electrical Forces Acting on a Sphere in an Electrorheological Fluid
Creators: name: Kim, Kwangmoo
name: Stroud, David
name: Li, Xiangting
name: Bergman, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a method to calculate the electrical force acting on a sphere in a suspension of dielectric spheres in a host with a different dielectric constant, under the assumption that a spatially uniform electric field is applied. The method uses a spectral representation for the total electrostatic energy of the composite. The force is expressed as a certain gradient of this energy, which can be expressed in a closed analytic form rather than evaluated as a numerical derivative. The method is applicable even when both the spheres and the host have frequency-dependent dielectric functions and nonzero conductivities, provided the system is in the quasistatic regime. In principle, it includes all multipolar contributions to the force, and it can be used to calculate multi-body as well as pairwise forces. We also present several numerical examples, including host fluids with finite conductivities. The force between spheres approaches the dipole-dipole limit, as expected, at large separations, but departs drastically from that limit when the spheres are nearly in contact. The force may also change sign as a function of frequency when the host is a slightly conducting fluid.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for Publication in Physical Review E
Combination of the placental alpha-1 microglobulin test and ultrasonic cervical length measurement to predict the time of preterm birth
Creators: name: Konoplyannikov, Aleksandr G.
name: Dikke, Galina B.
name: Karaganova, Elena Ya
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: To evaluate the combined identification of placental alpha-1 microglobulin (PAMG-1) in cervicovaginal secretions and ultrasound cervical length measurement in pregnant women with symptoms of threatening premature bith (PB) and intact fetal membranes to predict the time of labor onset. A prospective observational study including 137 pregnant women at a gestational age of 22–37 weeks with symptoms of PB. Presence of PAMG-1 was determined using the commercially available PartoSure test kit (Parsagen Diagnostics Inc, Boston, USA) and the cervical length was measured using ultrasound. Ultrasound cervicometry in women with the cervical length between 15 and 30 mm had a positive predictive value of only 8.9% for PB within 7 and 14 days. The PartoSure test in women with the cervical length between 15 and 30 mm had the positive predictive value for PB within 7 and 14 days of 63.6%. Using the combination of ultrasound cervicometry and PAMG-1 testing in women with symptoms of PB and the cervical length between 15 and 30 mm may allow to identify those with a high risk of PB within 7 and 14 days more accurately.
title:  Una giustizia amministrativa transnazionale
Creators: name: della Cananea  ,  Giacinto
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2021

description: Il concreto affermarsi di una giurisdizione transnazionale richiede una riflessione teorica. Due sono i principali argomenti avanzati contro il riconoscimento di una giustizia pubblica che oltrepassi i confini statali: l’uno sottolinea la netta separazione fra diritto pubblico interno ed esterno, l’altro nega l’esistenza di un diritto ammnistrativo al di fuori dei confini nazionali. Tali argomenti possono nondimeno essere confutati. Sul piano storico non può essere infatti negata l’emersione di un nucleo di principi giuridici condivisi dalle ‘nazioni civili’. Gli accordi internazionali (soprattutto quelli in ambito europeo) si fondano su una rinuncia alla piena sovranità e subordinano l’adesione al trattato alla condivisione di taluni valori (come libertà, democrazia, rispetto dello Stato di diritto e dei diritti dell’uomo). Alla luce di una tale consapevolezza teorica si può comprendere l’erosione della dottrina tradizionale secondo cui il diritto internazionale regola unicamente i rapporti fra enti pubblici sovrani. Sempre più le relazioni tra soggetti privati travalicano i confini nazionali e interessano non solo i procedimenti giudiziari ma anche quelli amministrativi e arbitrali. La più efficiente tutela degli interessi spinge anzi a preferire il ricorso allo strumento dell’arbitrato. Si percepisce l’intervenuta mutazione nelle forme di azione dei poteri pubblici.
description: Sovranità e diritti al tempo della globalizzazione
Representations of Monomiality Principle with Sheffer-type Polynomials and Boson Normal Ordering
Creators: name: Blasiak, P
name: Dattoli, G
name: Horzela, A
name: Penson, K A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct explicit representations of the Heisenberg-Weyl algebra [P,M]=1 in terms of ladder operators acting in the space of Sheffer-type polynomials. Thus we establish a link between the monomiality principle and the umbral calculus. We use certain operator identities which allow one to evaluate explicitly special boson matrix elements between the coherent states. This yields a general demonstration of boson normal ordering of operator functions linear in either creation or annihilation operators. We indicate possible applications of these methods in other fields.
description: 9 pages
title:  Limitazioni di sovranità, ‘controlimiti’ e diritti fondamentali nella Costituzione italiana
Creators: name: Villani  ,  Ugo
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2021

description: Lo scritto esamina i diversi procedimenti contemplati dalla Costituzione italiana per l’adattamento al diritto internazionale e a quello dell’Unione europea. L’art. 10, 1° comma, Cost., dichiarando che l’ordinamento giuridico italiano si conforma alle norme del diritto internazionale generalmente riconosciute, prevede un meccanismo di incorporazione automatico e completo del diritto internazionale consuetudinario. Questo entra nel sistema giuridico italiano senza alcun atto di esecuzione e si pone allo stesso rango delle norme costituzionali italiane; in caso di conflitto tra una norma costituzionale e una norma di diritto internazionale consuetudinario quest’ultima, di regola, è destinata a prevalere in virtù del suo carattere di specialità. Riguardo al diritto dell’Unione europea la Corte costituzionale italiana, al fine di giustificare il suo ingresso e il primato nell’ordinamento italiano, è ricorsa all’art. 11 Cost., il quale dichiara che l’Italia consente, in condizioni di parità con gli altri Stati, a limitazioni di sovranità a favore di un ordinamento che assicuri la pace e la giustizia tra le Nazioni. Il diritto dell’Unione europea è direttamente applicabile dai giudici nazionali (come dalle autorità amministrative), mentre una disposizione italiana in conflitto con tale diritto non deve essere applicata, senza bisogno di alcuna decisione della Corte costituzionale. Al contrario, nella Costituzione italiana non vi è alcuna disposizione che riguardi l’adattamento ai trattati dei quali l’Italia è parte. Peraltro l’art. 117, 1° comma, secondo il quale la potestà legislativa è esercitata nel rispetto degli obblighi internazionali, attribuisce una particolare forza ai trattati nell’ordinamento italiano, nel quale la loro posizione è subordinata solo alla Costituzione. L’apertura della Costituzione italiana alle fonti esterne di diritto, testimoniata dalle predette disposizioni, peraltro, non è assoluta e priva di eccezioni. Secondo la giurisprudenza della Corte costituzionale l’ingresso sia del diritto internazionale generale che di quello dell’Unione europea nell’ordinamento italiano non è consentito qualora una disposizione internazionale o europea (o un atto o una decisione giudiziaria) sia in conflitto con i principi fondamentali del sistema costituzionale italiano o con i diritti inalienabili della persona (i cosiddetti controlimiti).
description: Sovranità e diritti al tempo della globalizzazione
THE "NEW, OPTIMISTIC, THEISTIC VIEW" OF ADAM SMITH AND THE PROBLEM OF SMITH'S "PESSIMISTIC" VIEWS OF HISTORY
Creators: name: Alvey, James E.
name: Alvey, James E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Political Economy

description: In recent times a "new, optimistic, theistic view" of Adam Smith has arisen, challenging the old view of Smith as a follower of the secular David Hume. In the "new view," Smith adopts two types of teleology: teleology immanent in the constitution and historical teleology. It is the latter type of teleology that is primarily addressed here. In this teleological view of history, the divine "plan" progressively realizes the ideal society in practice. This form of "historical optimism" has some foundation in Smith's writings. Several varieties of the "new view" exist; three of these are examined in this paper in the light of the full range of Smith's historical writings. Actually, his "optimistic" version of history coexists with a "pessimistic" version. Some adherents of the "new view" seem unaware of Smith's "pessimistic side". Others propose that he became more "pessimistic" during his lifetime. Still others suggest that Smith became more "optimistic" during his lifetime. We show that the "change of view" strategy does not solve the problem. Smith seems to have retained a "hard core" of "pessimism" throughout his life. Perhaps, throughout his lifetime, Smith was an 80-percent "optimist"; while the microlevel composition of Smith's "optimism" and "pessimism" changed, his macrolevel of "optimism" remained rather constant. In any event, despite the considerable merits of the "new view", none of its adherents has provided a satisfactory answer to Smith's "pessimism".
THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN AID, POLICIES AND STATE INSTITUTIONS
Creators: name: Xayavong, Vilaphonh
name: Gounder, Rukmani
name: Obben, James
name: Xayavong, Vilaphonh
name: Gounder, Rukmani
name: Obben, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Foreign Aid
subject: Economic Growth
subject: Policies
subject: State Institutions

description: This paper re-examines the theoretical aid-growth nexus by expounding on the issues relating to policies designed for aid delivery and the lack of aid recipient's state institutional capability to enforce policy conditionality. Two propositions have been demonstrated to explain why policy conditionality attached to aid might not always promote sustainable economic growth in Least Developed Countries. First, the model has simulated that a stable aid flow contributes to economic growth even when aid is fungible. Second, the model has also simulated that unstable aid inflow impairs the favourable effect of stable aid inflow. It is suggested that the contribution of aid to economic growth depends not only on the ability of aid to increase investment in the recipient country but also the quality of policy conditionality and the state and institutional capability of the recipient country to implement policy conditionality.