title: Activated T lymphocytes instruct monocytes to differentiate into inflammatory dendritic cells in a feedback control of human Th1/Th2 responses
title: I linfociti T attivati inducono i monociti a differenziare in cellule dendritiche infiammatorie per un controllo a feedback delle risposte Th1/Th2 umane
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: SARGENTINI, VALERIA
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata"
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: antigen presentation; human monocytes; cytokines; cell differentiation; chronic inflammation; T lymphocytes
subject: antigen presentation
subject: human monocytes
subject: cytokines
subject: cell differentiation
subject: chronic inflammation
subject: T lymphocytes

description: 21. ciclo
description: 1. INTRODUCTION - 1.1 Immune system - 1.1.1 Innate immune system - 1.1.2 Adaptive immune system - 1.2 T lymphocytes - 1.3 Dendritic cells (DCs) - 1.3.1 Activation of DCs and launching of protective immunity - 1.3.2 DC types and subtypes - 1.3.3 DCs in the health/disease balance - 1.4 The origin of DCs - 1.4.1 The origin of steady-state DC - 1.4.2 Differentiation of conventional DCs locally in the peripheral tissues - 1.5 Monocytes as DCs precursors - 1.5.1 Monocyte subsets - 1.5.2 Monocyte-derived inflammatory DCs in the mouse models - 1.5.3 Differentiation of human monocytes into DCs - 1.6 Cytokines in the generation and maturation of monocytes derived DCs. - 2. AIM OF THE STUDY. - 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS - 3.1 Reagents - 3.2 Generation and maintenance of antigen specific human T cell line and T cell clones (TCC)- 3.3 Monocytes differentiation experiments - 3.3.1 Monocytes isolation and differentiation into reference DCs - 3.3.2 DCs differentiation from monocytes co-cultured with TCC - 3.3.3 Transwell culture system - 3.3.4 DCs differentiation from monocytes cultured with activated TCC supernatants - 3.4 Flow cytometry and immunostaining - 3.5 Microscopic evaluation of DCs - 3.6 Phagocytosis assay - 3.7 Endocytosis assay - 3.8 Isolation of naive CD4+ T cells - 3.9 Priming of naive T cells - 3.10 Antigen presentation assay - 3.11 Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay - (ELISA) - 3.12 Cytotoxic T-cell line (CTLL2) assay - 3.13 Real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) - 3.14 Statistical analysis. - 4. RESULTS - 4.1 Characterization of antigen-specific TCC with different functional polarization - 4.2 Specific T cell activation induces antigen-presenting monocytes to differentiate into DCs - 4.3 T cell-dependent monocytes differentiation into DCs does not require cell-to-cell contact - 4.4 Different TCC subpopulations induce monocytes to differentiate into DCs with distinct phenotypes - 4.4.1 Morphologic characteristics of different DC subtypes - 4.4.2 Surface expression of group I CD1 molecules - 4.4.3 DC-SIGN expression - 4.4.4 Larger phenotypic characterization of DCs derived from monocytes cultured with activated Th2, Th1 or Th0 PPD specific TCC - 4.4.5 CD1a-reduced expression on DCh1 and their semi-mature phenotype is related to IL-4 absence and/or IFN-g secretion - 4.4.6 Freshly isolated T lymphocytes ex-vivo induce monocytes to differentiate into DCs - 4.5 DCs differentiated upon T cell activation show a differential cytokine secretion pattern - 4.6 DCs induced by activated T lymphocytes show different degree of bacterial phagocytosis and soluble antigen uptake - 4.7 DCh1 and DCh0 have a reduced capacity to prime naÃ¯ve CD4+ T lymphocytes - 4.8 DCh1 and DCh0 have a reduced capacity to activate antigen-specific memory T-cell response. - 5. DISCUSSION. - 6. ABBREVIATIONS. - 7. REFERENCES