cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exchange couplings for Mn ions in CdTe: validity of spin models for dilute magnetic II-VI semiconductors
Creators: name: Linneweber, Thorben
name: Bünemann, Jörg
name: Löw, Ute
name: Gebhard, Florian
name: Anders, Frithjof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ density-functional theory (DFT) in the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and its extensions GGA+$U$ and GGA+Gutzwiller to calculate the magnetic exchange couplings between pairs of Mn ions substituting Cd in a CdTe crystal at very small doping. DFT(GGA) overestimates the exchange couplings by a factor of three because it underestimates the charge-transfer gap in Mn-doped II-VI semiconductors. Fixing the nearest-neighbor coupling $J_1$ to its experimental value in GGA+$U$, in GGA+Gutzwiller, or by a simple scaling of the DFT(GGA) results provides acceptable values for the exchange couplings at 2nd, 3rd, and 4th neighbor distances in Cd(Mn)Te, Zn(Mn)Te, Zn(Mn)Se, and Zn(Mn)S. In particular, we recover the experimentally observed relation $J_4>J_2,J_3$. The filling of the Mn 3$d$-shell is not integer which puts the underlying Heisenberg description into question. However, using a few-ion toy model the picture of a slightly extended local moment emerges so that an integer $3d$-shell filling is not a prerequisite for equidistant magnetization plateaus, as seen in experiment.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Self-organization in a distributed coordination game through heuristic rules
Creators: name: Agarwal, S.
name: Ghosh, D.
name: Chakrabarti, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In this paper we consider a distributed coordination game played by a large number of agents with finite information sets, which characterizes emergence of a single dominant attribute out of a large number of competitors. Formally, $N$ agents play a coordination game repeatedly which has exactly $N$ Nash equilibria and all of the equilibria are equally preferred by the agents. The problem is to select one equilibrium out of $N$ possible equilibria in the least number of attempts. We propose a number of heuristic rules based on reinforcement learning to solve the coordination problem. We see that the agents self-organize into clusters with varying intensities depending on the heuristic rule applied although all clusters but one are transitory in most cases. Finally, we characterize a trade-off in terms of the time requirement to achieve a degree of stability in strategies and the efficiency of such a solution.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures
Reduced prescription of TNF-inhibitors in chronic arthritis based on therapeutic drug monitoring: A randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Pfeiffer-Jensen, M
name: Liao, D
name: Tarp, U
name: Deleuran, B
name: Stengaard-Pedersen, K
name: Venborg, J
name: Brock, B
name: Brock, C
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Virology

description: Dosing of tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitors (TNFis) is not personalized causing interindividual variation in serum drug levels; however, dose optimization is not widely implemented. We hypothesized that some patients are overdosed; thus, drug prescription could be reduced by therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Independent of disease activity, 239 adults treated for rheumatoid arthritis (n = 99), psoriatic arthritis 15 (n = 48), or spondyloarthritis (n = 92) were recruited for a 48-week prospective, randomized open-label trial. Standard care alone or plus TDM was applied in chronic arthritis patients treated with infliximab (IFX), (n = 81), etanercept (ETN) (n = 79), or adalimumab (ADA) (n = 79). Serum TNFi trough levels assessed at inclusion and every 4 months determined patients within/outside predefined therapeutic intervals, supporting change in prescription or drug switch. The primary endpoint was reduced drug prescription. Compared to standard care, TDM reduced prescribed IFX [−12% (95% confidence interval −20, −3); p = 0.001] and ETN (−15% (−29, 1); p = 0.01], and prolonged the interdosing intervals of ETN [+235% (38, 432); p = 0.02] and ADA [+28% (6, 51); p = 0.04]. Time to drug switch was accelerated (χ2 = 6.03, p = 0.01). No group differences in adverse events, disease activity, or self-reported outcomes were shown, indicating equally sustained remission. TDM reduced prescription of IFX, ETN, and ADA and identified patients benefiting from accelerated drug switch, thereby minimizing treatment failure, risk of toxicity, and unnecessary adverse events.
The Most Bound Halo Particle-Galaxy Correspondence Model: Comparison between Models with Different Merger Timescales
Creators: name: Hong, Sungwook E.
name: Park, Changbom
name: Kim, Juhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a galaxy assignment scheme that populates dark matter halos with galaxies by tracing the most bound member particles (MBPs) of simulated halos. Several merger-timescale models based on analytic calculations and numerical simulations are adopted as the survival time of mock satellite galaxies. We build mock galaxy samples from halo merger data of the Horizon Run 4 $N$-body simulation from $z = 12-0$. We compare group properties and two-point correlation functions (2pCFs) of mock galaxies with those of volume-limited SDSS galaxies, with $r$-band absolute magnitudes of $\mathcal{M}_r - 5 \log h < -21$ and $-20$ at $z=0$. It is found that the MBP-galaxy correspondence scheme reproduces the observed population of SDSS galaxies in massive galaxy groups ($M > 10^{14} h^{-1} M_{\odot}$) and the small-scale 2pCF ($r_{\rm p} < 10 h^{-1} {\rm Mpc}$) quite well for the majority of the merger timescale models adopted. The new scheme outperforms the previous subhalo-galaxy correspondence scheme by more than $2σ$.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures
Disease activity-guided tapering of biologics in patients with inflammatory arthritis: a pragmatic, randomized, open-label, equivalence trial
Creators: name: Uhrenholt, L
name: Christensen, R
name: Dreyer, L
name: Hauge, E-M
name: Schlemmer, A
name: Loft, AG
name: Rasch, MNB
name: Horn, HC
name: Gade, KH
name: Østgård, RD
name: Taylor, PC
name: Duch, K
name: Kristensen, S
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: To evaluate whether disease activity-guided tapering of biologics compared to continuation as usual care enables a substantial dose reduction while disease activity remains equivalent. In this pragmatic, randomized, open-label, equivalence trial, adults with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, or axial spondyloarthritis in low disease activity on stable-dose biologics for ≥ 12 months were randomized 2:1 into either the tapering group, i.e. disease activity-guided prolongation of the biologic dosing interval until flare or withdrawal, or the control group, i.e. maintaince of baseline biologics with a possible small interval increase at the patients request. The co-primary outcome in the intention-to-treat population was met if superiority in ≥ 50% biologic reduction at 18 months was demonstrated and disease activity was equivalent (equivalence margins ± 0.5). Ninety-five patients were randomized to tapering and 47 to control, of whom 37% (35/95) versus 2% (1/47) achieved ≥ 50% biologic reduction at 18 months. The risk difference was statistically significant [35%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 24%–45%], while disease activity remained equivalent [mean difference 0.05, 95% CI −0.12–0.29]. A statistically significant flare risk was observed [tapering 41% (39/95) vs control 21% (10/47), risk difference 20%, 95% CI 4%–35%]; but, only 1% (1/95) and 6% (3/47) had persistent flare and needed to switch to another biological drug. Disease activity-guided tapering of biologics in patients with inflammatory arthritis enabled one-third to achieve ≥ 50% biologic reduction, while disease activity between groups remained equivalent. Flares were more frequent in the tapering group but were managed with rescue therapy.
Transmission-matrix-based point-spread-function engineering through a complex medium
Creators: name: Boniface, Antoine
name: Mounaix, Mickael
name: Blochet, Baptiste
name: Piestun, Rafael
name: Gigan, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a method to design at will the spatial profile of transmitted coherent light after propagation through a scattering sample. We compute an operator based on the experimentally measured transmission matrix, obtained by numerically adding an arbitrary mask in the Fourier domain prior to focusing. We demonstrate the strength of the technique through several examples: propagating Bessel beams, thus generating foci smaller than the diffraction limited speckle grain, donut beams, and helical beams. We characterize the 3D profile of the achieved foci and analyze the fundamental limitations of the technique. Our approach generalizes Fourier optics concepts for random media, and opens in particular interesting perspectives for super-resolution imaging through turbid media.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Percolation of disordered jammed sphere packings
Creators: name: Ziff, Robert M.
name: Torquato, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the site and bond percolation thresholds for a system of disordered jammed sphere packings in the maximally random jammed state, generated by the Torquato-Jiao algorithm. For the site threshold, which gives the fraction of conducting vs. non-conducting spheres necessary for percolation, we find $p_c = 0.3116(3)$, consistent with the 1979 value of Powell $0.310(5)$ and identical within errors to the threshold for the simple-cubic lattice, 0.311608, which shares the same average coordination number of 6. In terms of the volume fraction $φ$, the threshold corresponds to a critical value $φ_c = 0.199$. For the bond threshold, which apparently was not measured before, we find $p_c = 0.2424(3)$. To find these thresholds, we considered two shape-dependent universal ratios involving the size of the largest cluster, fluctuations in that size, and the second moment of the size distribution; we confirmed the ratios' universality by also studying the simple-cubic lattice with a similar cubic boundary. The results are applicable to many problems including conductivity in random mixtures, glass formation, and drug loading in pharmaceutical tablets.
description: 8 pages including references
Neutrosophic Overset, Neutrosophic Underset, and Neutrosophic Offset. Similarly for Neutrosophic Over-/Under-/Off- Logic, Probability, and Statistics
Creators: name: Smarandache, Florentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94D05

description: Neutrosophic Over-/Under-/Off-Set and -Logic were defined by the author in 1995 and published for the first time in 2007. We extended the neutrosophic set respectively to Neutrosophic Overset {when some neutrosophic component is over 1}, Neutrosophic Underset {when some neutrosophic component is below 0}, and to Neutrosophic Offset {when some neutrosophic components are off the interval [0, 1], i.e. some neutrosophic component over 1 and other neutrosophic component below 0}. This is no surprise with respect to the classical fuzzy set/logic, intuitionistic fuzzy set/logic, or classical/imprecise probability, where the values are not allowed outside the interval [0, 1], since our real-world has numerous examples and applications of over-/under-/off-neutrosophic components. For example, person working overtime deserves a membership degree over 1, while a person producing more damage than benefit to a company deserves a membership below 0. Then, similarly, the Neutrosophic Logic/Measure/Probability/Statistics etc. were extended to respectively Neutrosophic Over-/Under-/Off-Logic, -Measure, -Probability, -Statistics etc. [Smarandache, 2007].
description: 170 pages
Stable discrete representation of relativistically drifting plasmas
Creators: name: Kirchen, Manuel
name: Lehe, Remi
name: Godfrey, Brendan B.
name: Dornmair, Irene
name: Jalas, Soeren
name: Peters, Kevin
name: Vay, Jean-Luc
name: Maier, Andreas R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Representing the electrodynamics of relativistically drifting particle ensembles in discrete, co-propagating Galilean coordinates enables the derivation of a Particle-in-Cell algorithm that is intrinsically free of the Numerical Cherenkov Instability, for plasmas flowing at a uniform velocity. Application of the method is shown by modeling plasma accelerators in a Lorentz-transformed optimal frame of reference.
Gout in Dalarna, Sweden – a population-based study of gout occurrence and compliance to treatment guidelines
Creators: name: Sigurdardottir, V
name: Svärd, A
name: Jacobsson, LTH
name: Dehlin, M
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: This study aimed to describe the incidence and prevalence of gout, describe the use of allopurinol among prevalent gout cases, and determine persistence with allopurinol and degree of compliance with treat-to-target recommendations before and after the publication of Swedish national guidelines in 2016. Prospectively registered data on gout diagnoses and allopurinol prescriptions were used to calculate incidence and prevalence, and the proportion of prevalent patients on allopurinol. Gout patients starting allopurinol during 2013–2015 versus 2016–2018 were compared regarding persistence and compliance with treat-to-target principles. The incidence of gout was 221–247 per 100 000 person-years during 2014–2019, prevalence in 2018 was 2.45%. Among prevalent cases, the proportion on allopurinol ranged from 21% to 25%. Allopurinol persistence was better for individuals starting therapy during 2016–2018 compared with 2013–2015 (45% vs 39%, p = 0.031), as were several outcomes related to treat-to-target principles, e.g. measuring baseline serum urate (SU) (84% vs 77%, p < 0.001), follow-up SU (50% vs 36%, p < 0.001), and the proportion of patients reaching an SU level < 360 µmol/L (45% vs 30%, p < 0.001). Incidence and prevalence were slightly higher than in previous Swedish reports. Allopurinol use among prevalent gout patients did not increase during 2014–2019. Only a minor improvement in persistence was seen, and a moderate increase in compliance with guidelines, suggesting a need for improved management and extended patient involvement to increase and optimize the use of urate lowering therapy.
Prevalence of survey-based criteria for fibromyalgia and impact on hospital burden: a 7 year follow-up study from an outpatient clinic
Creators: name: Lage-Hansen, PR
name: Chrysidis, S
name: Amris, K
name: Fredslund-Andersen, S
name: Christensen, R
name: Ellingsen, T
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: To evaluate the prevalence of survey-based criteria for fibromyalgia (FM) among newly referred patients in a rheumatic outpatient clinic, and to compare the use of secondary healthcare services between survey-based FM and non-FM cases. Newly referred patients to an outpatient clinic were screened for the fulfilment of the 2011 FM survey criteria during a 6 month period in 2013 in this observational cohort study. Demographic data were obtained at baseline. Patients’ medical files were evaluated and comparisons between groups were made regarding the use of hospital healthcare facilities during the 7 year observation period. Out of 300 invited patients, 248 (83%) completed the questionnaire; 90 patients (36%) fulfilled survey-based criteria for FM at enrolment. FM cases were primarily women (80% vs 54% of non-FM cases), and received more medications (median 4 vs 3 drugs) and public economic support (62% vs 20%). At the 7 year follow-up, crude analyses showed that FM cases had a higher number of hospital courses (median 10 vs 8) and had undergone more invasive procedures (78% vs 60%). Neurologists (42% vs 28%), gastroenterologists (30% vs 13%), endocrinologists (40% vs 21%), pain specialists (13% vs 3%), psychiatrists (20% vs 7%), and abdominal surgeons (43% vs 30%) were consulted more often by FM than by non-FM cases. Fulfilment of FM survey criteria among newly referred patients to a rheumatic outpatient clinic is frequent. Our study findings show that FM continues to present a challenge for healthcare professionals as well as for patients. ● Fulfilment of FM survey criteria among newly referred patients to a rheumatic outpatient clinic is frequent. ● The burden on the secondary healthcare system for these patients is significant. ● This study suggests the need for increased awareness about the diagnosis of FM among certain medical and surgical specialties.
Improving Comparison Shopping Agents' Competence through Selective Price Disclosure
Creators: name: Hajaj, Chen
name: Hazon, Noam
name: Sarne, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The plethora of comparison shopping agents (CSAs) in today's markets enables buyers to query more than a single CSA when shopping, and an inter-CSAs competition naturally arises. We suggest a new approach, termed "selective price disclosure", which improves the attractiveness of a CSA by removing some of the prices in the outputted list. The underlying idea behind this approach is to affect the buyer's beliefs regarding the chance of obtaining more attractive prices. The paper presents two methods, which are suitable for fully-rational buyers, for deciding which prices among those known to the CSA should be disclosed. The effectiveness and efficiency of the methods are evaluated using real data collected from five CSAs. The methods are also evaluated with human subjects, showing that selective price disclosure can be highly effective in this case as well, however, the disclosed subset of prices should be extracted in a different (simplistic) manner.
description: 20 pages, 20 figures, 4 tables, Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 2015
Real-world registry-based study on apremilast use in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis in Finland
Creators: name: Koskivirta, I
name: Ruotsalainen, J
name: Kurki, S
name: Lakkakorpi, P
name: Salminen-Mankonen, H
name: Pirilä, L
name: Harvima, R
name: Palomäki, A
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: This study assessed the position of apremilast in the treatment pathway of psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in Finnish clinical practice, compared the characteristics of apremilast and biologic therapy users, evaluated persistence with apremilast and identified factors influencing treatment discontinuation. This retrospective study used data from Finnish national health registries. The target group was identified based on L40* diagnosis and medication records between 2015 and 2018. Treatment persistence was analysed using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox regression. Of eligible patients (PsO 31 202; PsA 12 386), 1% (n = 471) used apremilast and 10% (n = 4214) biologics, apremilast users being older (mean age 55.9 vs 52.4 years, p < 0.001) with a higher Charlson comorbidity score (0.71 vs 0.54, p < 0.001). Most patients switched to apremilast from conventional synthetic therapy (PsO 75%; PsA 76%); 47% of patients remained on apremilast during the observation period (PsO 58%; PsA 42%). Most patients discontinuing apremilast switched to biologics (PsO 51%; PsA 51%). Apremilast persistence increased with age (p = 0.042) and was higher in PsO than in PsA (median 14 vs 11 months; p = 0.005). Compared to prior conventional synthetic therapy, prior biologic therapy decreased persistence (hazard ratio for discontinuation 2.15, 95% confidence interval 1.42–3.25). In Finnish clinical practice, apremilast is mainly used between conventional synthetic therapy and biologics, with at least as high treatment persistence as reported in previous studies. Apremilast users were older with higher comorbidity burden than biologics users.
The Symptoms in Persons At Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis (SPARRA) questionnaire: predicting clinical arthritis development
Creators: name: van Boheemen, L
name: Wee, MM ter
name: Falahee, M
name: Filer, A
name: van Beers - Tas, M
name: Finckh, A
name: Hensvold, A
name: Raza, K
name: van Schaardenburg, D
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: There is a need to better define symptom characteristics associated with arthritis development in individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated whether reported symptoms in at-risk individuals could predict arthritis development and whether predictive symptoms differed between seropositive and seronegative at-risk individuals. At-risk individuals from four cohorts (Netherlands, UK, Sweden, and Switzerland) completed the Symptoms in Persons At Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis (SPARRA) questionnaire. Participants had either (i) anti-citrullinated protein antibodies and/or rheumatoid factor, or (ii) relevant symptoms with or without RA antibodies. Follow up was ≥ 24 months or until clinical arthritis development. Stepwise forward selection created SPARRA prediction models for the combined group and for a seropositive subgroup. Of 214 participants, the mean age was 50 years, 67% were female, and 27% (n = 58) developed clinical arthritis after a median time of 7 months. Four symptoms predicted arthritis development: self-reported joint swelling, joint pain moving from side to side (combined group only), feeling pins and needles in the joints, and often feeling fatigued (predicting non-arthritis). Specific symptoms can provide useful information to estimate a person’s RA risk. Differences in predictive symptoms between seropositive and seronegative at-risk individuals need to be further investigated. Future research is needed to determine whether changes in symptoms over time improve prediction and to determine the value of SPARRA in optimizing the selection of individuals who need to consult a rheumatologist.
System architecture of the CE-RISE Information System
Creators: name: Bouman, Evert A.
name: Boero, Riccardo
name: Dykeman, Donna
name: Svalastog, Bendik
name: Ødegård, Rune
name: Alam, A.M. Esfar
name: Booto, Gaylord
name: Las Heras Hernández, Miguel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This document outlines the IT architecture for the CE-RISE Information System, which aims to support the EU manufacturing industry's shift towards a circular economy, in line with the Green Deal. The system will help stakeholders implement strategies like reuse, repair, and recycling by providing comprehensive product information, tracking service life, and assessing environmental and socio-economic impacts. It leverages Digital Product Passports for traceability and integrates various data sources to support informed decision-making. The document serves as a guide for developers and stakeholders, detailing the system's design, functionality, and deployment plans.
Multi-part bids in electricity markets with uncertainty: A simulation-based approach to identify equilibria
Creators: name: Hohl, Felix
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: We present an agent-based iterative simulation model to investigate the efficiency of simple compared to complex bidding schemes in the presence of uncertainty of demand. The two-step simulation model includes a unit commitment and generator decision problem. We find that simple bidding can lead to ex-post over-, and undersupply of the generation units compared to complex bidding. Our results further suggest that with increasing demand uncertainty the efficiency advantage of complex over simple bids becomes smaller but is always positive.
Not dead, just resting: The practical value of per publication citation indicators
Creators: name: Thelwall, Mike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the final analysis citation-based indicators are inferior to effective peer review and even peer review is flawed. It is impossible to accurately measure the value or impact of scientific research and a key task of scientometricians should be to produce figures for policy makers and others that are as informative as it is practical to make them and to ensure that users are fully aware of their limitations. Although the Abramo and D'Angelo (2016) suggestions make a lot of theoretical sense and so are a goal that is worth aiming for, it is unrealistic in practice to advocate their universal use in the contexts discussed above. This is because the indicators would still have flaws in addition to the generic limitations of citation-based indicators and would still be inadequate for replacing peer review. Thus, the expense of the data gathering does not always justify the value in practice of the extra accuracy. In the longer term, the restructuring of education needed in order to get the homogeneity necessary for genuinely comparable statistics would be too expensive and probably damaging to the research mission, in addition to being out of proportion to the likely value of any citation-based indicator.
Electron-Hole Asymmetric Chiral Breakdown of Reentrant Quantum Hall States
Creators: name: Rossokhaty, Alexander V.
name: Baum, Yuval
name: Folk, Joshua A.
name: Watson, John D.
name: Gardner, Geoffrey C.
name: Manfra, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reentrant integer quantum Hall (RIQH) states are believed to be correlated electron solid phases, though their microscopic description remains unclear. As bias current increases, longitudinal and Hall resistivities measured for these states exhibit multiple sharp breakdown transitions, a signature unique to RIQH states. A comparison of RIQH breakdown characteristics at multiple voltage probes indicates that these signatures can be ascribed to a phase boundary between broken-down and unbroken regions, spreading chirally from source and drain contacts as a function of bias current and passing voltage probes one by one. The chiral sense of the spreading is not set by the chirality of the edge state itself, instead depending on electron- or hole-like character of the RIQH state.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1512.03110
Acoustic Prism for Continuous Beam Steering Based on Piezoelectric Metamaterial
Creators: name: Xu, Jiawen
name: Tang, Jiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates an acoustic prism for continuous acoustic beam steering by a simple frequency sweep. This idea takes advantages of acoustic wave velocity shifting in metamaterials in the vicinity of local resonance. We apply this concept into the piezoelectric metamaterial consisting of host medium and piezoelectric LC shunt. Theoretical modeling and FEM simulations are carried out. It is shown that the phase velocity of acoustic wave changes dramatically in the vicinity of local resonance. The directions of acoustic wave can be adjusted continuously between 2 to 16 degrees by a simple sweep of the excitation frequency. Such an electro-mechanical coupling system has a feature of adjusting local resonance without altering the mechanical part of the system.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
Trust-free verification of steering: why you can't cheat a quantum referee
Creators: name: Hall, Michael J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was believed until recently that the verification of quantum entanglement and quantum steering, between two parties, required trust in at least one of the parties and their devices, in contrast to the verification of Bell nonseparability. It has since been shown that this is not the case: the need for trust, in verifying two parties share a given quantum correlation resource, can be replaced by quantum refereeing, in which the referee sends quantum signals rather than classical signals to untrusted parties. The existence of such quantum-refereed games is discussed, with particular emphasis on how they make it impossible for the parties to cheat. The example of a particular quantum-refereed steering game is used to show explicitly how measurement-device independence is achieved via `quantum programming' of untrusted measurement devices; how cheating is prevented by the steered party being unable to distinguish sufficiently well between two sets of nonorthogonal signal states; and that cheating remains impossible when one-way communication is allowed from the steered party to the unsteered party. This game has been recently implemented experimentally, and is of particular interest both in accounting for any imperfections in the referee's preparation of signal states, and in suggesting the future possibility of secure two-sided quantum key distribution with Bell-local states.
description: Submitted to Proceedings of the Nagoya Winter Workshop 2015 (Proceedings to be published by Springer as 'Reality and Measurement in Algebraic Quantum Theory', ed. M. Ozawa)
Criteria for the growth of fullerenes and single-walled carbon nanotubes in sooting environments
Creators: name: Ahmad, Shoaib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spherical curvature induced by pentagons in corannulenes and hexagonal sheets is shown to be the basic constituent that controls the growth of fullerenes and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in soot forming and carbon vapour environments. Formation of the initial ring of five or six atoms is the essential step which with the addition of further pentagons and hexagons determines whether a spinning fullerene is to be formed or the cap that lifts up and leads to the formation of an SWNT. A continuum elastic model is developed to determine the criteria for the growth of these structures. The observed dominance of the growth of 14 Å diameter armchair SWNTs in sooting and carbonaceous environments is explained by using the nanoelastic model of C shells.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Single- and many-particle description of scanning tunneling spectroscopy
Creators: name: Ervasti, Mikko M.
name: Schulz, Fabian
name: Liljeroth, Peter
name: Harju, Ari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scanning tunneling spectroscopy measures how a single electron with definite energy propagates between a sample surface and the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope. In the simplest description, the differential conductance measured is interpreted as the local density of states of the sample at the tip position. This picture, however, is insufficient in some cases, since especially smaller molecules weakly coupled with the substrate tend to have strong Coulomb interactions when an electron is inserted or removed at the molecule. We present theoretical approaches to go from the non-interacting and single-particle picture to the correlated many-body regime. The methodology is used to understand recent experiments on finite armchair graphene nanoribbons and phthalocyanines. We also theoretically discuss the strongly-correlated model system of fractional quantum Hall droplets.
description: Submitted to Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena
Linear non-equilibrium thermodynamics of human voluntary behavior: a canonical-dissipative Fokker-Planck equation approach involving potentials beyond the harmonic oscillator case
Creators: name: Gordon, J. M.
name: Kim, S.
name: Frank, T. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel experimental paradigm and a novel modelling approach are presented to investigate oscillatory human motor performance by means of a key concept from condensed matter physics, namely, thermodynamic state variables. To this end, in the novel experimental paradigm participants performed pendulum swinging movements at self-selected oscillation frequencies in contrast to earlier studies in which pacing signals were used. Moreover, in the novel modelling approach, a canonical-dissipative limit cycle oscillator model was used with a conservative part that accounts for nonharmonic oscillator components in contrast to earlier studies in which only harmonic components were considered. Consistent with the Landau theory of magnetic phase transitions, we found that the oscillator model free energy decayed when participants performed oscillations further and further away from the Hopf bifurcation point of the canonical-dissipative limit cycle oscillator.
description: 6 pages, 0 figure
Health-related quality of life in gout, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, results from a cross-sectional survey in Western Sweden
Creators: name: Landgren, AJ
name: Klingberg, E
name: Jacobsson, LTH
name: Bergsten, U
name: Dehlin, M
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Inflammatory joint diseases (IJDs) substantially affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We aimed to compare HRQoL between patients with gout, psoriatic arthritis (PsA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS): (i) overall; (ii) stratified by sex; and (iii) between women and men with the same IJD diagnosis. A survey including the RAND36-Item Health Survey for assessing HRQoL was sent to patients with a diagnosis of gout, PsA, RA, or AS, registered at a rheumatology clinic or primary care centre during 2015–2017. HRQoL was compared across IJDs. Because of age differences between diagnoses, age-matched analyses were performed. In total, 2896/5130 (56.5%) individuals responded to the questionnaire. Of these, 868 had gout, 699 PsA, 742 RA, and 587 AS. Physical component summary (PCS) scores were more affected than mental component summary (MCS) scores for all diagnoses (PCS range: 39.7–41.2; MCS range: 43.7–48.9). Patients with gout reported better PCS scores than patients with PsA, RA, and AS, who reported similar scores in age-matched analysis. MCS scores were close to normative values for the general population and similar across IJDs. When comparing women and men with respective IJDs, women reported worse PCS (range, all IJDs: 34.5–37.4 vs 37.5–42.5) and MCS (PsA: 44.0 vs 46.8; RA: 46.1 vs 48.7) scores. We found that patients with gout reported better PCS scores than patients with other IJDs, for whom the results were similar. Women reported overall worse PCS and MCS scores than men.
Supplementary table 1_Kumagai et al. JAP. 2022
Creators: name: Kumagai, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110602 Exercise Physiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary table for Kumagai et al. (J Appl Physiol. 2022). This table shows serum CK activity and coal time in female subjects by each genetic polymorphism.
Virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation study of abyssomicins as potential inhibitors of COVID‐19 virus main protease and spike protein
Creators: name: Al-Wahaibi, Lamya H.
name: Rehman, Md Tabish
name: Al-Saleem, Muneera S. M.
name: Basudan, Omer A.
name: El-Gamal, Ali A.
name: Abdelkader, Mohamed S. A.
name: AlAjmi, Mohamed F.
name: Abdel-Mageed, Wael M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: The lack of any effective cure for the infectious COVID-19 disease has created a sense of urgency and motivated the search for effective antiviral drugs. Abyssomicins are actinomyces-derived spirotetronates polyketides antibiotics known for their promising antibacterial, antitumor, and antiviral activities. In this study, computational approaches were used to investigate the binding mechanism and the inhibitory ability of 38 abyssomicins against the main protease (Mpro) and the spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The results identified abyssomicins C, J, W, atrop-O-benzyl abyssomicin C, and atrop-O-benzyl desmethyl abyssomicin C as the most potential inhibitors of Mpro and RBD with binding energy ranges between −8.1 and −9.9 kcal mol−1; and between −6.9 and −8.2 kcal mol−1, respectively. Further analyses of physicochemical properties and drug-likeness suggested that all selected active abyssomicins, with the exception of abyssomicin J, obeyed Lipinski’s rule of five. The stability of protein–ligand complexes was confirmed by performing molecular dynamics simulation for 100 ns and evaluating parameters such as such as root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), radius of gyration (Rg), solvent accessible surface area (SASA), total number of contacts, and secondary structure. Prime/MM-GBSA (Molecular Mechanics-General Born Surface Area) and principal component analysis (PCA) analyses also confirmed the stable nature of protein–ligand complexes. Overall, the results showed that the studied abyssomicins have significant interactions with the selected protein targets; therefore, they were deemed viable candidates for further in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Computational identification and experimental validation of anti-filarial lead molecules targeting metal binding/substrate channel residues of Cu/Zn SOD1 from Wuchereria bancrofti
Creators: name: Sureshan, Muthusamy
name: Prabhu, Dhamodharan
name: Kadhirvel, Saraboji
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a neglected mosquito-borne parasitic disease, widely caused by Wuchereria bancrofti (Wb) in tropical and sub-tropical countries. During a blood meal, the filarial nematodes are transmitted to humans by the infected mosquito. To counter attack the invaded nematodes, the human immune system produces reactive oxygen species. However, the anti-oxidant enzymes of nematodes counteract the host oxidative cytotoxicity. Cu/Zn Superoxide dismutase (SOD1), a member of antioxidant enzymes and are widely used by the nematodes to sustain the host oxidative stress across its lifecycle, hence targeting SOD1 to develop suitable drug molecules would help to overcome the problems related to efficacy and activity of drugs upon different stages of nematodes. In order to find the potent inhibitors, a three-dimensional structure of Cu/Zn WbSOD1 was modelled and the structural stability was analysed through simulation studies. The structure-guided virtual screening approach has been used to identify lead molecules from the ChemBridge based on the docking score, ADMET properties and protein–ligand complex stability analysis. The identified compounds were observed to interact with the copper, metal binding residues (His48, His63, His80 and His120) and catalytically important residue Arg146, which play a crucial role in the disproportionation of incoming superoxide radicals of Cu/Zn WbSOD1. Further, in vitro validation of the selected leads in the filarial worm Setaria digitata exhibited higher inhibition and better IC50 compared to the standard drug ivermectin. Thus, the identified leads could potentially inhibit enzyme activity, which could subsequently act as drug candidates to control LF. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Collective transport of charges in charge density wave systems based on traveling soliton lattices
Creators: name: Rojo-Bravo, A.
name: Jacques, V. L. R.
name: Bolloc'h, David Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solitons are peculiar excitations that appear in a wide range of nonlinear systems such as in fluids or optics. We show here that the collective transport of charges observed in charge density wave (CDW) systems can be explained by using a similar theory based on a traveling soliton lattice. Coherent x-ray diffraction experiment performed in the sliding state of a CDW material reveals peculiar diffraction patterns in good agreement with this assumption. Therefore, the collective transport of charges in CDW systems may be due to a nonlinear interaction leading to a self-localized excitation, carrying charges without deformation through the sample, on top of the CDW ground state. This single theory explains why charges remain spatially correlated over very long distances and reconciles the main features of sliding CDW systems, either observed by transport measurements or diffraction.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
Homalictus heliotropiae Pauly & Donovan & Munzinger 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Pauly, Alain
name: Donovan, Barry
name: Munzinger, Jérôme
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Halictidae
Homalictus
Homalictus heliotropiae

description: Homalictus heliotropiae Pauly & Donovan sp. nov.
(Fig. 7)
 Homalictus sp. 6 in DONOVAN et al., 2013.
Description. Femelle. Longueur 7 mm. Corps bleu vert métallique, pattes noires. Tête (Fig. 7a). L/l = 0,88. Front et vertex complètement couverts de rides parallèles. Mesosoma. Scutum presque complètement plissé, les plis un peu moins forts vers l'arrière (Figs 7b,d). Scutellum finement tessellé à ponctuation espacée. Propodeum caréné aux angles (Fig. 7e). Pleures complètement sculptées de fortes rides parallèles. Metasoma. Tergites superficiellement striés, le premier non ponctué (Fig. 7f), les suivants à ponctuation très dispersée.
Etymologie. Du nom de genre de la plante sur laquelle le type a été récolté.
 Holotype ♀. Nouvelle-Calédonie, Presqu’île de Kuébuni, 19.VIII.2007, Heliotropium foertherianum [Argusia argentea], leg. J. Munzinger n°662i (MNHNP).
 Paratypes. Nouvelle-Calédonie. Mou, 25.XII.1979, Cocos nucifera, 3♀, leg. B. Donovan. – Prov. Sud, Yaté gîte de Port Boisé, nid avec cône de déblais sur sol sablonneux dégagé, 19.I.2006, 1♀, leg. P. Tripotin.
description: Published as part of Pauly, Alain, Donovan, Barry & Munzinger, Jérôme, 2015, Les abeilles du genre Homalictus Cockerell, 1919 en Nouvelle-Calédonie (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae), pp. 1-30 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 34 on page 13, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13599345
Comparing 1D and 2D Real Time on Cellular Automata
Creators: name: Grandjean, Anaël
name: Poupet, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.1.1

description: We study the influence of the dimension of cellular automata (CA) for real time language recognition of one-dimensional languages with parallel input. Specifically, we focus on the question of determining whether every language that can be recognized in real time on a 2-dimensional CA working on the Moore neighborhood can also be recognized in real time by a 1-dimensional CA working on the standard two-way neighborhood. We show that 2-dimensional CA in real time can perform a linear number of simulations of a 1-dimensional real time CA. If the two classes are equal then the number of simulated instances can be polynomial.
Relativistic Killingbeck Energy States Under an External Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Eshghi, Mahdi
name: Mehraban, Husein
name: Ikhdair, Sameer M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the behavior of the Dirac equation with the Killingbeck radial potential including the external magnetic and Aharonov-Bohm (AB) flux fields. The spin and pseudo-spin symmetries are considered. The correct bound state spectra and their corresponding wave functions are obtained. We seek such a solution using the biconfluent Heun differential equation method. Further, we give some of our results at the end of this study. Our final results can be reduced to their non-relativistic forms by simply using some appropriate transformations. The spectra, in the spin and pseudo-spin symmetries, are very similar with a slight difference in energy spacing between different states.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures