Eleutherodactylus zoilae Mueses-Cisneros, 2007, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Mueses-Cisneros, Jonh Jairo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Eleutherodactylidae
Eleutherodactylus
Eleutherodactylus zoilae

description: Eleutherodactylus zoilae sp. nov.
(Fig. 1 B, 4A–D)
Holotype. ICN 49787, adult female, one of a series collected by J. J. Mueses and Camilo Barrera on 26 January 2004.
Type locality. COLOMBIA, Departamento del Putumayo, Valle de Sibundoy, Municipio de Santiago, Vereda Balsayaco, Reserva Natural Privada La Florinda, property of the Bernal family (ca. 01° 07' N, 76° 57' W), 2060–2280 m.
Paratopotypes. ICN 49754–59, 49761–3, 49766–7, collected by J. J. Mueses, David Sánchez and Camilo Barrera on 18 January 2004; ICN 49768–70, 49772–5, 49778–80, 49782–3, 49785–6, 49788, collected with holotype.
Paratypes. COLOMBIA, Putumayo, Valle de Sibundoy, Municipio de San Francisco: forest behind municipal stadium (01° 10' N, 76° 51' W), 2550 m. (ICN 49789), collected by J. J. Mueses and Camilo Barrera on 28 January 2004; Vereda San Antonio del Porotoyaco, property of Franco Perafán (01° 09' N, 76° 52' W), 2400 m. (ICN 49751–2), collected by J. J. Mueses on 14 January 2004; Vereda San Antonio del Porotoyaco, between quebradas Porotoyaco and Secayaco (01° 09' N, 76° 52' W), 2300–2500 m. (ICN 49753), collected by David Sánchez on 16 January 2004.
Referred specimens. (Juveniles). Municipio de Santiago, Vereda Balsayaco, Reserva Natural Privada La Florinda, property of Familia Bernal (ca. 01° 07' N, 76° 57' W), 2060–2280 m. (ICN 49760, 49764–5), collected by J. J. Mueses, David Sánchez and Camilo Barrera on 18 January 2004; ICN 49771, 49776–7, 49781, 49784, collected with holotype; Vereda Vijinchoy, road to Volcán Patascoy, along Río Cristales (ca. 01° 07' N, 76° 59' W), 2180 m (ICN 49790–1) collected by J. J. Mueses on 11 July 2004.
Diagnosis. 1) Skin of dorsum finely granular, that of venter areolate; dorsolateral folds absent; 2) tympanum distinct, 1/3–2/5 eye length; 3) snout subacuminate in dorsal view, rounded in lateral profile; canthus rostralis sharply concave; 4) upper eyelid bearing two conical or subconical tubercles; upper eyelid narrower than IOD; cranial crests low, only on posterior part of frontoparietals; 5) vomerine odontophores prominent, triangular and narrowly separated; 6) males with vocal slits and vocal sac, nuptial pads absent; 7) first finger shorter than second, Fingers II–IV bearing long pads, disks rounded to longer than wide; 8) fingers bearing fringes along lateral margins; 9) ulnar tubercles prominent, rounded and subconical; 10) knee, heel and outer border of tarsus bearing subconical tubercles; 11) inner metatarsal tubercle rounded, two to three times size of oval outer; supernumerary plantar tubercles few in number; 12) toes bearing lateral fringes, no webbing, toe disk as large as those on fingers; 13) in life, dorsum green pale or cream with dark brown stains reaching flanks; limbs with dark bars; throat white with or without irregular dark stains; chest and venter white; chest with a dark stain in form of “><”; groin with orange stain (or yellow in juveniles); concealed surfaces of shank with irregular orange stains delineated with black along inner margin and with white irregular stains along outer margin; 14) small adults, SVL 11.3–19.8 mm (x = 14.5 ± 2.0, n = 20) in males, 21.9–26.8 mm (x = 23.8 ± 1.7, n = 6) in females.
E. zoilae is similar to E. corniger Lynch and Suárez-Mayorga and E. crucifer (Boulenger), but it differs by the absence of dorsolateral folds (present in E. corniger), body size (SVL 21.9–26.8 mm in females of E. zoilae and 11.3–19.8 mm in males, versus SVL 29.4–38.1 in females of E. corniger and 22.1–28.1 in males) and by the presence of cranial crests (absent in E. corniger). The form of the snout differs between E. zoilae (Fig. 4 D) and E. crucifer (truncated in lateral profile in E. crucifer versus rounded in E. zoilae). Furthermore, E. zoilae differs from E. corniger and E. crucifer by presenting an orange stain on the groin and stains on the concealed surfaces of the shank (Fig. 4 A–B). The concealed surfaces of the shank and groin in E. crucifer are blue (Lynch and Duellman 1997).
Etymology. This frog is dedicated to my mother Zoila Rosa Cisneros, in recognition and special acknowledgment to her enormous labor as mother.
Description. The dimensions are based on 20 adult males and six adult females. Head slightly narrower than body; slightly longer than wide in males; as long as wide in females; HW 27.8–42.7% (x =38.9 ± 2.9) SVL in males, 39.1–41.5% (x = 40.1 ± 0.9) in females; snout subacuminate in dorsal view, rounded in lateral profile; nostril protuberant; EN of males 69.4–97.1% (x = 82.9 ± 7.5) eye diameter, 98.3–116.7% (x = 105.9 ± 7.3) in females; canthus rostralis evident, sharply concave; loreal region concave; lips not flared; upper eyelid narrower than interorbital region; upper eyelid width 56.3–94.4% (x = 74.1 ± 10.3) IOD in males, 67.7–89.3% (x = 74.5 ± 8.4) in females; upper eyelid bearing two conical or subconical tubercles; cranial crests low, only on posterior part of frontoparietals; supratympanic fold absent or reduced between tympanum and eye; tympanum rounded, 18.9–44.2 % (x = 33.4 ± 6.2) eye length in males and 39.2–47.3 % (x = 42.6 ± 3.3) in females; dorsolateral fold absent.
Choanae rounded, not concealed by palatal shelf of maxillary arch; dentigerous processes of vomers triangular and narrowly separated, median and posterior to choanae, each bearing a row of 5 teeth; tongue rounded, slightly longer than wide; not notched posteriorly, 3/4 of its extension adherent to floor of mouth; males with vocal slits, lateral to tongue; subgular vocal sac.
Dorsum finely granular, with prominent W-shaped postorbital mark, whose margin presents a series of four or five subconical tubercles; skin of ventral surfaces areolate; discoidal folds absent; limbs finely granulated in dorsal view, areolate ventrally; dorsolateral fold absent; flanks finely granulated.
Hand in males 25.3–38.9% (x = 34.6 ± 3.0) SVL, 33.3–38.0% (x = 35.2 ± 1.9) in females; ulnar tubercles evident, rounded and subconic; palmar tubercles evident, as long as the thenar tubercle; supernumerary palmar tubercles few, rounded and low; subarticular tubercles large, round and low; fleshy and narrow fringes along lateral margins of fingers; disks on all fingers, rounded on Finger I, those on Fingers II–IV large; disk on Finger III approximately same size as the tympanum; disks bearing ventral pads, slightly longer than wide, rounded on Finger I; Finger I shorter than second finger; males without nuptial pads.
Foot in males 37.4–58.2% (x = 51.9 ± 4.4) SVL, 49.9–59.1% (x = 53.5 ± 3.3) in females; inner tarsal fold absent, with series of subconical tubercles along outer margin of tarsus; heel bearing a small subconical tubercle; inner metatarsal tubercle rounded, 2 to 3 times size of oval outer tubercle; supernumerary plantar tubercles few in number, small and low; subarticular tubercles rounded; toes bearing fleshy fringes along lateral margins, no webbing; disk on all toes, large disks on Toes II–V, smaller than those on fingers; disks about same size as those on fingers; Toe V much longer than Toe III; the tip of the disc of Toe V almost reaches distal border of the distal subarticular tubercle on Toe IV (Condition C; Lynch and Duellman 1997).
Color in alcohol. Dorsum cream or light brown with or without dark brown stains that extend to the flanks; limbs cream with dark bars; throat cream with or without irregular dark stains, chest and venter cream, with or without stains and dark spots; chest with dark stain in form of “><” (Fig. 4 C), that varies in extension and tonality; groin pale cream or yellow.
Color in life. Dorsum pale green or cream with dark brown stains extending as diagonal stripes to the flanks; limbs with dark bars; throat white with or without irregular dark stains; chest and venter white; chest with dark marks forming a “><”-shaped pattern; groin with an evident orange (or yellow in juvenile) spot; the dark transverse bars on the shank are clearly visible dorsally, and extend ventrally where they form a reticulated pattern; on the inner side of the shank has an orange coloration and on the outer side, a cream coloration (Fig. 4 B); iris gray or golden with black reticulation.
Measurements of holotype (in mm). SVL 24.9; HW 10.1; head length 9.7; IOD 3.3; upper eyelid width 2.3; internarial distance 2.3; tympanum diameter 1.3; eye diameter 3.2; eye–nare distance 3.3; nare–snout distance 1.3; shank length 14.4; foot length 13.5; hand length 8.5.
Measurements of the type series. The measurements of the type series are presented in Table 1.
Natural history. Individuals were captured during the night, in disturbed forest, on grass and bushes up to 2 meters above ground. ICN 49789 was collected in a bromeliad 60 cm above the ground. The males have pale yellow testes and the females have a mass of pale eggs. The specimens produce an unpleasant odor when manipulated.
Distribution. Known from Valle de Sibundoy in San Francisco and Santiago municipalities at elevations of 2060–2550 m. (Fig. 3).
Remarks. Lynch and Suárez-Mayorga (2003) proposed the formation of a clade that includes E. chloronotus Lynch, E. corniger and E. vicarius Lynch and Ruiz-Carranza. They also proposed that if the sharply concave canthus rostralis is a synapomorphy, E. corniger and E. vicarius are sister species. Eleutherodactylus zoilae also presents the sharply concave canthus rostralis; consequently, if the supposition of Lynch and Suárez-Mayorga (2003) is correct, E. zoilae would form a clade with E. corniger and E. vicarius.
description: Published as part of Mueses-Cisneros, Jonh Jairo, 2007, Two new species of the genus Eleutherodactylus (Anura: Brachycephalidae) from Valle de Sibundoy, Putumayo, Colombia, pp. 35-43 in Zootaxa 1498 on pages 40-43, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.177076