cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Maximizing optical production of metastable xenon
Creators: name: Lamsal, H. P.
name: Franson, J. D.
name: Pittman, T. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The wide range of applications using metastable noble gas atoms has led to a number of different approaches for producing large metastable state densities. Here we investigate a recently proposed hybrid approach that combines RF discharge techniques with optical pumping from an auxiliary state in xenon. We study the effect of xenon pressure on establishing initial population in both the auxiliary state and metastable state via the RF discharge, and the role of the optical pumping beam power in transferring population between the states. We find experimental conditions that maximize the effects, and provide a robust platform for producing relatively large long-term metastable state densities.
DISCUSSANT'S COMMENTS FOR AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION ANNUAL MEETING, SELECTED PAPERS SESSION SP-6Y: "AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND THE ENVIRONMENT, WITH A FOCUS ON CLIMATE"
Creators: name: Burton, Diana M.
name: Burton, Diana M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Farm Management

description: This session explores various farm management practices within the context of sustainability and environmental uncertainty. Impacts of Global Warming on Cropping Practices in Alberta A. M. Walburger and K. K. Klein, University of Lethbridge. The Value of El Nino Forecast Methods for the U.S. Winter Wheat Producers, Do They Differ? Harvey Hill, Jaehong Park, Wesley Rosenthal, H. Alan Love, Stephen W. Fuller. Trading Poultry Litter at the Watershed Level: A Goal Focusing Approach Kezelee Jones, Gerard D'Souza. A Futuristic Look at the Use of Grazed Forages in the Western United States Larry Van Tassell, University of Wyoming; E. Tom Bartlett, Colorado State University; John Mitchell, U.S. Forest Service.
EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF PASTORAL MIGRATION DECISIONS: GABRA HERDERS IN NORTHERN KENYA
Creators: name: McPeak, John G.
name: McPeak, John G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: This study investigates empirical evidence on migration decisions made by 40 nomadic herders in Northern Kenya. For 1993 to present, base camp to town distance is regressed on food availability, herd, household and rainfall characteristics. Further analysis of information on herders' most recent migrations generates implicit prices for site characteristics.
Metz, Johannes B (Hrsg.), Gott in Welt, Festgabe für Karl Rahner
Creators: name: Wilkens, Erwin
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 13 Nr. 3 (1964): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 13, Heft 3
Resolving the pulsations of the subdwarf B star KPD 2109+4401
Creators: name: Zhou, A. -Y.
name: Reed, M. D.
name: Harms, S.
name: Terndrup, D. M.
name: An, D.
name: Zola, S.
name: Gazeas, K. D.
name: Niarchos, P. G.
name: Ogloza, W.
name: Baran, A.
name: Wolf, G. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of extensive time series photometry of the pulsating subdwarf B star KPD 2109+4401. Our data set consists of 29 data runs with a total length of 182.6 hours over 31 days, collected at five observatories in 2004. These data are comprised of high signal-to-noise observations acquired with larger telescopes and wider time coverage observations obtained with smaller telescopes. They are sufficient to resolve the pulsation structure to 0.4 $μ$Hz and are the most extensive data set for this star to date. With these data, we identify eight pulsation frequencies extending from 4701 to 5481 $μ$Hz, corresponding to periods of 182 to 213 s. The pulsation frequencies and their amplitudes are examined over several time-scales with some frequencies showing amplitude variability.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables; Accepted for publication in MNRAS
OPTIMAL MANAGEMENT OF MULTI-VALUE RENEWABLE RESOURCES: AN APPLICATION TO THE AFRICAN ELEPHANT
Creators: name: Sutton, William R.
name: Jarvis, Lovell S.
name: Sutton, William R.
name: Jarvis, Lovell S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This study extends dynamic models of renewable terrestial resources to evaluate the optimal long-run management strategy for African Elephants. Changes in many model parameters have ambiguous effects on elephant stocks and point to a need for empirical research to provide parameterizations for a theoretical model and a better basis for policy.
Question Engineering: Learning Approach in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: خلوفي, سفيان
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390113
subject: Science, technology and engineering curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 390199
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy not elsewhere classified

description: This essay explores integrating artificial intelligence (AI) in education, focusing on the concept of question engineering as a robust learning approach. It emphasizes the importance of questioning and critical thinking in the learning process. Question engineering is, in line, with the principles of Blooms Taxonomy. Encourages the development of higher order thinking abilities. The essay discusses the impact of (AI) on question engineering, including (AI) technologies in education and the benefits they bring, such as automated feedback, adaptive questioning, and data-driven insights. It also examines how question engineering combined with (AI) can enhance critical thinking by developing skills, promoting met cognition and generating tailored questions. The essay addresses challenges and ethical considerations, such as overreliance on (AI), and the need in human guidance. Strategies in implementing question engineering with (AI) in education are discussed, including training educators and fostering collaboration. The essay concludes by discussing future implications and the importance of a balanced approach that combines (AI) and human expertise in transforming the learning approach.
INFORMATION IMPACTS ON STATED VS. REVEALED PREFERENCE VALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
Creators: name: Hite, Diane
name: Hite, Diane
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: A database is used that combines survey and housing variables to compare stated willingness to pay (WTP) to revealed WTP to avoid living in proximity to a land -ll. The results suggest that stated WTP is closer to that predicted by the hedonic for knowledgeable homebuyers than for ignorant homebuyers.
A security architecture for mobile agent systems
Creators: name: Fu, Peng
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Unlike traditional mobile intelligent agent systems where a small set of APIs are provided to support limited agent (code) mobility capabilities, a novel agent system, called WAVE, offers a complete high-level language that is, despite its fairly simple syntax, rich in semantics and mechanisms for integration, control and management for rapid, effective realization of seamless, cooperative distributed applications. However like many other mobile agent systems, the lack of security in WAVE highly restricts its scope of applications. In this thesis, we propose a security architecture and implement a security system based on this architecture to secure the original WAVE system. This security system makes use of a rich security model that gives identification to each principal user and provides access control to a very fine level of granularity. The security system also provides methods for detecting whether the behavior or data of a wave agent has been tampered. Although the security architecture was developed for WAVE, its applicability can be generally suited to any mobile intelligent system.
COVRIN WP2 SARS-CoV-2 Characterisation Deliverable D2.3.2 Report on pathology per species and investigative toolboxes
Creators: name: Lean, Fabian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Pathology
SARS-CoV-2
IHC
ISH

description: OHEJP COVRIN Report on pathology per species and investigative toolboxes
Simultaneous Measurement of Ionization and Scintillation from Nuclear Recoils in Liquid Xenon as Target for a Dark Matter Experiment
Creators: name: Aprile, E.
name: Dahl, C. E.
name: DeViveiros, L.
name: Gaitskell, R.
name: Giboni, K. L.
name: Kwong, J.
name: Majewski, P.
name: Ni, K.
name: Shutt, T.
name: Yamashita, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first measurements of the absolute ionization yield of nuclear recoils in liquid xenon, as a function of energy and electric-field. Independent experiments were carried out with two dual-phase time projection chamber prototypes, developed for the XENON Dark Matter project. We find that the charge yield increases with decreasing recoil energy, and exhibits only a weak field dependence. These results are a first demonstration of the capability of dual phase xenon detectors to discriminate between electron and nuclear recoils, a key requirement for a sensitive dark matter search at recoil energies down to 20 keV.
Gravitational field of a spinning radiation beam-pulse in higher dimensions
Creators: name: Frolov, V. P.
name: Fursaev, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the gravitational field of a spinning radiation beam-pulse in a higher dimensional spacetime. We derive first the stress-energy tensor for such a beam in a flat spacetime and find the gravitational field generated by it in the linear approximation. We demonstrate that this gravitational field can also be obtained by boosting the Lense-Thirring metric in the limit when the velocity of the boosted source is close to the velocity of light. We then find an exact solution of the Einstein equations describing the gravitational field of a polarized radiation beam-pulse in a space-time with arbitrary number of dimensions. In a $D-$dimensional spacetime this solution contains $[D/2]$ arbitrary functions of one variable (retarded time $u$), where $[d]$ is the integer part of $d$. For the special case of a 4-dimensional spacetime we study effects produced by such a relativistic spinning beam on the motion of test particles and light.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, published version
Question Engineering: Learning Approach in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: خلوفي, سفيان
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390113
subject: Science, technology and engineering curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 390199
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy not elsewhere classified

description: This essay explores integrating artificial intelligence (AI) in education, focusing on the concept of question engineering as a robust learning approach. It emphasizes the importance of questioning and critical thinking in the learning process. Question engineering is, in line, with the principles of Blooms Taxonomy. Encourages the development of higher order thinking abilities. The essay discusses the impact of (AI) on question engineering, including (AI) technologies in education and the benefits they bring, such as automated feedback, adaptive questioning, and data-driven insights. It also examines how question engineering combined with (AI) can enhance critical thinking by developing skills, promoting met cognition and generating tailored questions. The essay addresses challenges and ethical considerations, such as overreliance on (AI), and the need in human guidance. Strategies in implementing question engineering with (AI) in education are discussed, including training educators and fostering collaboration. The essay concludes by discussing future implications and the importance of a balanced approach that combines (AI) and human expertise in transforming the learning approach.
THE FAILURE OF MARKETABLE PERMIT SYSTEMS AND UNCERTAINTY OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY: A SWITCHING REGIME MODEL APPLIED TO THE DUTCH PHOSPHATE QUOTA PROGRAM
Creators: name: Wossink, Ada
name: Wossink, Ada
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: switching regime
subject: option theory
subject: policy risk
subject: asset fixity
subject: phosphate quota
subject: pork production.

description: A well-known feature of pollution control with tradable quota rights is that the benefits to ownership will capitalize into prices of the quota. Quota present a unique opportunity to examine the effect of risks introduced by governmental programs because all the return to quota is dependent upon these programs. The uncertainty of future regulatory action results from the probability that the stream of incomes could be reduced (portfolio risk) by policy variation or stopped (default risk) by a substantial switch or shock in policy regime. Eliminating the quota program is the extreme case of default risk, as it would terminate the quota benefits. The paper concentrates on the paradox that environmental regulation can provoke economic and environmental inefficiencies because of policy uncertainty. The theory on investment under uncertainty argues that when future returns are uncertain, an opportunity to wait and see has some (quasi) option value. Under uncertainty, investments and disinvestments will take place at respectively higher and lower levels of returns creating an inaction interval. This interval means that returns to quota can vary over a wide range before trade takes place and offers a new, theoretical explanation for the failure of marketable permit systems. The objectives of this paper are threefold. First, the option value theory is employed to forge a natural connection between political uncertainty and quota price volatility. Second, based on the option value theory, a switching regime model is developed for investing and disinvesting in quota. Third, the empirical evidence for the Dutch Phosphate Quota Program indicates that policy risks led to asset fixity. Consequently, the market of tradable phosphate quota was not effective with major negative implications for both economic and environmental efficiency.
Sector analysis for a FTSE portfolio of stocks
Creators: name: Coelho, R.
name: Hutzler, S.
name: Repetowicz, P.
name: Richmond, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a portfolio of stocks from the London Stock Exchange FTSE100 index (FTSE), we study both the time dependence of their correlations and the normalized tree length of the associated minimal spanning tree (MST). The first four moments of the distribution of correlations and lengths of the tree are examined in detail and differences in behaviour noted. For different economic groups and industries, clustering is evident. However comparing the classification used prior to 2006 with that introduced in January 2006 it is clear that the new classification, apart from one or two notable exceptions, is much more compatible with the clustering obtained by the MST analysis. We finally compare the MST for real data with that obtained for a synthetic {\it random market}. The latter tree would seem more like the structure found by Coronnello {\it et al.} for trees based on high frequency data.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures Submitted to Physica A
On the space resolution of the $μ$-RWELL
Creators: name: Bencivenni, G.
name: Cibinetto, G.
name: de Oliveira, R.
name: Farinelli, R.
name: Felici, G.
name: Gatta, M.
name: Giovannetti, M.
name: Lavezzi, L.
name: Morello, G.
name: Ochi, A.
name: Lener, M. Poli
name: Tskhadadze, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In MPGD detectors evaluation of the space resolution with the charge centroid (CC) method provides large uncertainty when the impinging particle is not perpendicular to the readout plane. An improvement of the position reconstruction, and thus of the space resolution, is represented by the $μ$TPC algorithm. In this work we report the application of this algorithm to the $μ$-Resistive WELL detector. Moreover a combination of the CC method with the $μ$TPC algorithm is proposed, showing an almost uniform resolution over a wide angular range.
Fast failure recovery in MPLS networks
Creators: name: Luo, Qingsheng
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Recovery from network failures is a very important and challenging requirement for current Internet service providers. Real-time applications and other mission-critical tasks require networks to respond to network faults expeditiously in order to not degrade the required quality. In IP networks, failures are detected and handled through the convergence of network topology (topology change reflected in all routers' routing information bases). This recovery mechanism, however, has an obvious disadvantage in that it reacts to network faults very slowly, because it may take a long time for the entire network topology to converge. In this thesis, we present the design of a fast recovery mechanism in MPLS networks, implemented over the Linux platform. We investigate its performance over our testing network composed of Linux routers. Our experiments show that our recovery mechanism responds to network faults quickly, with less packet loss.
MPEC 2024-A134 : 2024 AK3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 AK3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Interpreting LOFAR 21-cm signal upper limits at z~9.1 in the context of high-z galaxy and reionisation observations
Creators: name: Greig, Bradley
name: Mesinger, Andrei
name: Koopmans, Léon V. E.
name: Ciardi, Benedetta
name: Mellema, Garrelt
name: Zaroubi, Saleem
name: Giri, Sambit K.
name: Ghara, Raghunath
name: Ghosh, Abhik
name: Iliev, Ilian T.
name: Mertens, Florent G.
name: Mondal, Rajesh
name: Offringa, André R.
name: Pandey, Vishambhar N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the latest upper limits on the 21-cm power spectrum at $z\approx9.1$ from the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR), we explore regions of parameter space which are inconsistent with the data. We use 21CMMC, a Monte Carlo Markov Chain sampler of 21cmFAST which directly forward models the 3D cosmic 21-cm signal in a fully Bayesian framework. We use the astrophysical parameterisation from 21cmFAST, which includes mass-dependent star formation rates and ionising escape fractions as well as soft-band X-ray luminosities to place limits on the properties of the high-$z$ galaxies. Further, we connect the disfavoured regions of parameter space with existing observational constraints on the Epoch of Reionisation such as ultra-violet (UV) luminosity functions, background UV photoionisation rate, intergalactic medium (IGM) neutral fraction and the electron scattering optical depth. We find that all models exceeding the 21-cm signal limits set by LOFAR at $z\approx9.1$ are excluded at $\gtrsim2σ$ by other probes. Finally, we place limits on the IGM spin temperature from LOFAR, disfavouring at 95 per cent confidence spin temperatures below $\sim2.6$ K across an IGM neutral fraction range of $0.15 \lesssim \bar{x}_{H{\scriptscriptstyle I}} \lesssim 0.6$. Note, these limits are only obtained from 141 hrs of data in a single redshift bin. With tighter upper limits, across multiple redshift bins expected in the near future from LOFAR, more viable models will be ruled out. Our approach demonstrates the potential of forward modelling tools such as 21CMMC in combining 21-cm observations with other high-$z$ probes to constrain the astrophysics of galaxies.
description: 12 pages, 4 pages, 1 table. Submitted to MNRAS, comments welcome
Kaon production in heavy ion reactions at intermediate energies
Creators: name: Fuchs, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The article reviews the physics related to kaon and antikaon production in heavy ion reactions at intermediate energies. Chiral dynamics predicts substantial modifications of the kaon properties in a dense nuclear environment. The status of the theoretical predictions as well as experimental evidences for medium effects such as repulsive/attractive mass shifts for $K^+/K^-$ are reviewed. In the vicinity of the thresholds, and even more pronounced below threshold, the production of strangeness is a highly collective process. Starting from elementary reaction channels the phenomenology of $K^+$ and $K^-$ production, i.e. freeze-out densities, time scales etc. as derived from experiment and theoretical transport calculations is presented. Below threshold kaon production shows a high sensitivity on the nuclear compression reached in heavy ion reactions. This allows to put constraints on the nuclear equation-of-state which are finally discussed.
description: 94 pages, 52 figures, to appear in Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys, typos corrected in v2
CONSUMER VALUATION OF BEEF RIBEYE STEAK ATTRIBUTES
Creators: name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Fox, John A.
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Fox, John A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: A choice experiment (conjoint analysis) was used to investigate consumer demand for several beef ribeye steak attributes. Respondents indicated that they would prefer a "hormone free" ribeye steak priced up to $6.68/lb. more than a "non-hormone" free ribeye steak. Tenderness was also identified as an important attribute in the consumer purchasing decision as a one-unit increase in the tenderness of a steak (on a scale of one to 10) was associated with a $1.13/lb. premium. Steak marbling and whether the animal was fed genetically modified corn were of less importance to consumers.
Generalized Distribution Amplitudes at the $Z$ pole
Creators: name: Lu, Zhun
name: Schmidt, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the exclusive two-pion production at the $Z$-pole through the process $e^+e^-\to Z \to ππγ$. In the kinematical region where the invariant mass of the two pions is much smaller than the mass of the $Z$ boson, the process can be factorized into the convolution of a hard coefficient and a soft matrix element, the generalized distribution amplitude of two pions. We calculate the differential cross-section of charged pion pair production and neutral pion pair production and find the former to be much larger than the later. We show that combining the measurements of charged pion pair production and neutral pion pair production at the $Z$-pole provides a convenient approach to access the $C$-odd part of the $2π$ distribution amplitudes.
description: Analysis of Bremsstrahlung process added, references and one figure added, misprint corrected,published version
Discovery of recombining plasma associated with the candidate supernova remnant G189.6+3.3 with Suzaku
Creators: name: Yamauchi, Shigeo
name: Oya, Moe
name: Nobukawa, Kumiko K.
name: Pannuti, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of an X-ray spectral analysis of the northeast region of the candidate supernova remnant G189.6+3.3 with Suzaku. K-shell lines from highly ionized Ne, Mg, Si, and S were detected in the spectrum for the first time. In addition, a radiative recombining continuum (RRC) from He-like Si was clearly seen near 2.5 keV. This detection of an RRC reveals for the first time that G189.6+3.3 possesses an X-ray-emitting recombining plasma (RP). The extracted X-ray spectrum in the 0.6-10.0 keV energy band is well fitted with a model consisting of a collisional ionization equilibrium plasma component (associated with the interstellar medium) and an RP component (associated with the ejecta). The spectral feature shows that G189.6+3.3 is most likely to be a middle-aged SNR with an RP.
description: Accepted for publication in PASJ
EMPIRICAL TESTS OF IMPACTS OF RATIONING: THE CASE OF POLAND IN TRANSITION
Creators: name: Huffman, Sonya Kostova
name: Johnson, Stanley R.
name: Huffman, Sonya Kostova
name: Johnson, Stanley R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Demand and Price Analysis

description: This study tests hypotheses derived from the theory of rationing using data for Polish households during the transition. There are six commodity groups and virtual prices are derived for rationed goods. The evidence is consistent with the theory: larger own-price elasticities for non-rationed goods after the reform, increased complementarity and decreased substitutability.
Photon number squeezing of ultra-broadband laser pulses generated by microstructure fibers
Creators: name: Hirosawa, K.
name: Furumochi, H.
name: Tada, A.
name: Kannari, F.
name: Takeoka, M.
name: Sasaki, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To the best of our knowledge, we demonstrate for the first time the generation of photon number squeezing by spectral filtering for ultra-broadband light generated by microstructure fibers at 800 nm. A maximum squeezing of 4.6 dB is observed, corresponding to 10.3 dB after correcting for detection losses. We numerically analyzed the quantum dynamics of ultrashort laser pulse propagation through optical fibers by solving a nonlinear quantum Schrodinger equation that included Raman scattering, especially for the quantum correlation of photon number fluctuation among frequency modes in broadband pulses.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
title: The ontogeny and function of duet codes in territory dynamics of the riverside wren
Creators: name: Quiros Guerrero, Esmeralda
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2019

description: In some species of songbirds, both females and males sing and coordinate their vocalizations to create highly complex joint performances known as duets. Additionally, in some of these species, pair mates combine their individual vocalizations following consistent pair-specific associations, known as duet codes. Investigating how birds create their individual and pair repertoires and how duet codes are used in within- and between-pair interactions is essential for understanding how each sex benefits from learning this complex behaviour and to characterize the nature of the selective mechanisms that promoted the evolution of this joint signaling system. This thesis focuses on a population of riverside wrens, Cantorchilus semibadius, as a means to investigate the song learning strategies of each sex, to elucidate the functions of duet codes in intra- and inter-sexual interactions, and to measure the cooperative nature of the defence strategy of both sexes. To achieve these goals I conducted a long-term study and a series of playback experiments. I found an unusually high turnover rate compared to other duetting species. I also found that individual and pair repertoires are considerably stable over time and are highly shared across the population, which suggests that individuals create their repertoires as juveniles and settle nearby their tutors, as vacancies arise frequently. During territory defence, partners maintained a close distance with each other, both sexes approached closely to both simulated intruders, and both sexes matched the songs of same-sex rivals at similar rates but mostly sung in coordination with their partner. This indicates females and males benefit from displaying a strong partnership and perform a joint defence against rivals. My thesis suggests duetting is a cooperative behaviour and the function of duet codes might be mostly related to within-pair interactions in the riverside wrens.
Effects of speaker adaptations in face-masked speech on working memory and voice perception
Creators: name: Moshona, Cleopatra Christina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Background: In everyday scenarios, interpersonal communication often occurs in challenging acoustic conditions. This is also the case when interlocutors converse with physical obstructions like face masks, which have been found to impair voice propagation and radiation. To ensure efficient message transmission, speakers modify their speaking style to overcome these obstacles and make themselves more understandable. This adjustment includes the use of Lombard speech. While such mechanisms can enhance speech intelligibility for listeners in noisy environments, they may not necessarily be advantageous in other cognitive contexts or situations characterized by minimal or no background noise. The alteration in voice quality associated with Lombard speech could affect how the speech signal is perceived, potentially making it more disruptive for specific cognitive tasks. Furthermore, the extent and appropriateness of such modifications might vary, depending on individual speaker characteristics.

Methods: In the present study we examined the effects of speaker adaptations in face-masked speech on working memory performance, voice quality perception and psychoacoustic-phonetic measures. For this purpose, 33 participants were presented with audio recordings of a native German speaker uttering matrix-type sentences with and without a face mask in conversational and Lombard speech style, contained in the BEMASK corpus. Listeners completed a self-paced cued-recall task in a quiet environment and subsequently rated perceived voice quality using unipolar semantic differential scales. Statistical analyses were carried out using GLMMs.

Results: Our findings align with previous research that indicates a decrease in recall ability while wearing a face mask, as opposed to not wearing a mask, but this effect was not statistically significant. However, adjusting one’s speech style while wearing a mask impacted recall performance notably. Specifically, Lombard speech led to a significant reduction in recall, resulting in an average decrease of 5%. Psychoacoustic and phonetic measures of speech correlating with annoyance and increased vocal load were found to be higher in face-masked Lombard speech and participants perceived a significant change in voice quality between speech conditions.

Conclusion: In summary, our study replicated that face masks can slightly impact recall ability, but this effect was negligible. However, the adoption of Lombard speech, a common strategy for improving speech intelligibility, significantly reduced recall performance. These findings suggest that speech adaptations in the context of face masks may have unintended consequences on cognitive tasks. They highlight the complexity of speech adjustments and the need for a nuanced understanding of their impact, especially in varying cognitive contexts and for individual speakers.
ESTIMATING THE DEMAND OF CROP INSURANCE AND SUPPLY OF INDEMNITY PAYMENTS: NEBRASKA AGRICULTURE SECTOR
Creators: name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Atwood, Joseph A.
name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Atwood, Joseph A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: The objective of this paper is to examine the potential impacts of crop insurance on farm economic structure using Nebraska agriculture sector data from 1980-1997. We estimate the system of input demand (output supply) equations including policy premium (policy indemnity) in order to examine the economic impacts of crop insurance.
Simulating field-aligned diffusion of a cosmic ray gas
Creators: name: Snodin, A. P.
name: Brandenburg, Axel
name: Mee, A. J.
name: Shukurov, Anvar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The macroscopic behaviour of cosmic rays in turbulent magnetic fields is discussed. An implementation of anisotropic diffusion of cosmic rays with respect to the magnetic field in a non-conservative, high-order, finite-difference magnetohydrodynamic code is discussed. It is shown that the standard implementation fails near singular X-points of the magnetic field, which are common if the field is random. A modification to the diffusion model for cosmic rays is described and the resulting telegraph equation (implemented by solving a dynamic equation for the diffusive flux of cosmic rays) is used; it is argued that this modification may better describe the physics of cosmic ray diffusion. The present model reproduces several processes important for the propagation and local confinement of cosmic rays, including spreading perpendicular to the local large-scale magnetic field, controlled by the random-to-total magnetic field ratio, and the balance between cosmic ray pressure and magnetic tension. Cosmic ray diffusion is discussed in the context of a random magnetic field produced by turbulent dynamo action. It is argued that energy equipartition between cosmic rays and other constituents of the interstellar medium do not necessarily imply that cosmic rays play a significant role in the balance of forces.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures, a major revision; accepted for publication in MNRAS
0-pi transitions in Josephson junctions with antiferromagnetic interlayers
Creators: name: Andersen, Brian M.
name: Bobkova, I. V.
name: Hirschfeld, P. J.
name: Barash, Yu. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the dc Josephson current through superconductor-antiferromagnet-superconductor (S/AF/S) junctions manifests a remarkable atomic scale dependence on the interlayer thickness. At low temperatures the junction is either a 0- or pi-junction depending on whether the AF interlayer consists of an even or odd number of atomic layers. This is associated with different symmetries of the AF interlayers in the two cases. In the junction with odd AF interlayers an additional pi-0 transition can take place as a function of temperature. This originates from the interplay of spin-split Andreev bound states. Experimental implications of these theoretical findings are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Order parameter focalization and critical temperature enhancement in synthetic networks of superconducting islands
Creators: name: Romeo, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalization of the de Gennes-Alexander micronetworks theory is presented. In this framework, the phase transition of synthetic networks of superconducting islands is described by means of a Ginzburg-Landau approach adapted to the case of granular systems. The general implications of the theory are carefully explained. As a specific example, we demonstrate that star networks support the exponential localization of the order parameter accompanied by an enhancement of the critical temperature of the system. These findings contribute to clarify the physics of the phase transitions in synthetic networks of Josephson-coupled superconducting islands.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
MEASURING AN ALMOST IDEAL DEMAND SYSTEM WITH GENERALIZED FLEXIBLE LEAST SQUARES
Creators: name: Poray, Michael C.
name: Foster, Kenneth A.
name: Dorfman, Jeffrey H.
name: Poray, Michael C.
name: Foster, Kenneth A.
name: Dorfman, Jeffrey H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: Structural change in meat consumption has been the focus of many researchers during the last two decades. In this paper we develop a dynamic linear Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model from a cost function that allows for time varying parameters. This model is consistent with inertia in the parameters of the cost and indirect utility functions. It allows for persistent preferences which may arise from cultural biases, lifestyles, peer pressure, etc. An empirical application is conducted with US meat consumption and price data using a generalized system of flexible least squares, Generalized Flexible Least Squares (GFLS). GFLS allows parameters to evolve slowly over time through incorporating of penalties in fluctuations. Estimated quarterly elasticities were subjected to additional analysis to determine how highly they were related to the Brown and Schrader Cholesterol Index and relative prices. The combined results support that the movements of elasticities over time are related to both.
The Ep,i - Eiso correlation in GRBs: updated observational status, re-analysis and main implications
Creators: name: Amati, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlation between the cosmological rest-frame nuFnu spectrum peak energy, Ep,i, and the isotropic equivalent radiated energy, Eiso, discovered by Amati et al. in 2002 and confirmed/extended by subsequent osbervations, is one of the most intriguing and debated observational evidences in Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRB) astrophysics. In this paper I provide an update and a re-analysis of the Ep,i - Eiso correlation basing on an updated sample consisting of 41 long GRBs/XRFs with firm estimates of z and observed peak energy, Ep,obs, 12 GRBs with uncertain valeus of z and/or Ep,obs, 2 short GRBs with firm estimates of z and Ep,obs and the peculiar sub-energetic events GRB980425/SN1998bw and GRB031203/SN2003lw. In addition to standard correlation analysis and power-law fitting, the data analysis here reported includes a modelization which accounts for sample variance. All 53 classical long GRBs and XRFs, including 11 Swift events with published spectral parameters and fluences, have Ep,i and Eiso values, or upper/lower limits, consistent with the correlation, which shows a chance probability as low as ~7x10{-15}, a slope of ~0.57 (~0.5 when fitting by accounting for sample variance) and an extra-Poissonian logarithmic dispersion of ~0.15, it extends over ~5 orders of magnitude in Eiso and ~3 orders of magnitude in Ep,i and holds from the closer to the higher z GRBs. I also discuss the main implications of the updated Ep,i - Eiso correlation for the models of the physics and geometry of GRB emission, its use for discriminating different classes and as a pseudo-z estimator, and the tests of possible selection effects with GRBs of unknown redshift.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS, main journal
FARM WORK, HOME WORK AND INTERNATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY DIFFERENCES
Creators: name: Gollin, Douglas
name: Parente, Stephen L.
name: Rogerson, Richard
name: Gollin, Douglas
name: Parente, Stephen L.
name: Rogerson, Richard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Agribusiness
Productivity Analysis

description: Agriculture's share of economic activity is known to vary inversely with a country's level of development. This paper examines whether extensions of the neoclassical growth model can account for some important sectoral patterns observed in a current cross-section of countries and in the time series data for currently rich countries. We find that a straightforward agricultural extension of the neoclassical growth model restricted to match U.S. observations fails to account for important aspects of the cross-country data. We then introduce a version of the growth model with home production, and we show that this model performs much better.
POST-COMMUNIST AGRICULTURAL TRANSFORMATION AND THE ROLE OF HUMAN CAPITAL: EVIDENCE FROM ROMANIA
Creators: name: Rizov, Marian
name: Mathijs, Erik
name: Swinnen, Johan F.M.
name: Rizov, Marian
name: Mathijs, Erik
name: Swinnen, Johan F.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Labor and Human Capital

description: Farm restructuring in post-communist transition countries has resulted in a broad range of farm types, such as cooperatives, companies, partnerships and sole proprietorships. This study examines which factors affect production organization choices of rural households with an emphasis on the role of human capital in the agricultural transition process. We use a multinomial logit model and data from a nation-wide survey of Romanian farms, organized in 1996. The results of the empirical tests support the main hypothesis that the transformation process outcome depends primarily on human capital and farm physical capital endowments of the household, translated into household income by the household entrepreneurial input. Entrepreneurial ability is influenced by a broad range of factors such as age, education, experience, and regional social and economic conditions.
THE COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF ALTERNATIVE EMISSION CONTROL POLICIES IN THE SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY OF CALIFORNIA
Creators: name: Kim, Hong Jin
name: Kim, Hong Jin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This study analyzes the ROG control costs of stationary sources in the San Joaquin Valley of California. The cost-effectiveness of market incentive approaches such as an uniform marketable permit system, localized marketable permit system and an ambient permit system as well as a traditional command-and-control approach are examined.
Radiative Decays Involving $f_0(980)$ and $a_0(980)$ and Mixing Between Low and High Mass Scalar Mesons
Creators: name: Teshima, T.
name: Kitamura, I.
name: Morisita, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the experimental data for $ϕ\to f_0(980)γ$, $ϕ\to a_0(980)γ$, $f_0(980)\toγγ$ and $a_0(980)\toγγ$ decay widths in a framework where $f_0(980)$ and $a_0(980)$ are assumed to be mainly $qq\bar{q}\bar{q}$ low mass scalar mesons and mixed with $q\bar{q}$ high mass scalar mesons. Applied the vector meson dominance model (VDM), these decays amplitudes are expressed by coupling parameters $B$ describing the S ($qq\bar{q}\bar{q}$ scalar meson)-V(vector meson)- V(vector meson) coupling and $B'$ describing the S' ($q\bar{q}$ scalar meson)-V-V coupling. Adopting the magnitudes for $B$ and $B'$ as $2.8{GeV^{-1}}$ and $12{GeV^{-1}}$, respectively, the mixing angle between $a_0(980)$ and $a_0(1450)$ as 9 degrees, and the mixing parameter $λ_{01}$ causing the mixing between I=0 $qq\bar{q}\bar{q}$ state and $q\bar{q}$ state as $0.24{GeV}^2$, we can interpret these experimental data, consistently.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Beckmann, Joachim (Hrsg.), Kirchliches Jahrbuch für die Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland 1962
Creators: name: Harms, Hans Heinrich
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 13 Nr. 3 (1964): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 13, Heft 3
Nonfactorizable contributions to $B$ meson decays into charmonia
Creators: name: Chen, Chuan-Hung
name: Li, Hsiang-Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the $B\to (J/ψ, χ_{c0},χ_{c1},η_c)K^{(*)}$ decays, which have small or even vanishing branching ratios in naive factorization assumption (FA). We calculate nonfactorizable corrections to FA in the perturbative QCD approach based on $k_T$ factorization theorem. The charmonium distribution amplitudes are inferred from the non-relativistic heavy quarkonium wave functions. It is found that the nonfactorizable contributions enhance the branching ratios and generate the relative phases among helicity amplitudes of the above modes. Most of the observed branching ratios, polarization fractions, and relative phases, except those of $B\toη_c K$, are explained. Our predictions for the $B\to (χ_{c0},χ_{c1},η_c)K^*$ decays can be compared with future data.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures, Refs added, typos corrected, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Mean and Covariance Estimation for Functional Snippets
Creators: name: Lin, Zhenhua
name: Wang, Jane-Ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62G05, 62G08

description: We consider estimation of mean and covariance functions of functional snippets, which are short segments of functions possibly observed irregularly on an individual specific subinterval that is much shorter than the entire study interval. Estimation of the covariance function for functional snippets is challenging since information for the far off-diagonal regions of the covariance structure is completely missing. We address this difficulty by decomposing the covariance function into a variance function component and a correlation function component. The variance function can be effectively estimated nonparametrically, while the correlation part is modeled parametrically, possibly with an increasing number of parameters, to handle the missing information in the far off-diagonal regions. Both theoretical analysis and numerical simulations suggest that this hybrid strategy % divide-and-conquer strategy is effective. In addition, we propose a new estimator for the variance of measurement errors and analyze its asymptotic properties. This estimator is required for the estimation of the variance function from noisy measurements.
description: 54 pages, 4 figures; to appear in Journal of the American Statistical Association
More on a holographic dual of QCD
Creators: name: Sakai, Tadakatsu
name: Sugimoto, Shigeki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the interactions among the pion, vector mesons and external gauge fields in the holographic dual of massless QCD proposed in a previous paper, hep-th/0412141, on the basis of probe D8-branes embedded in a D4-brane background in type IIA string theory. We obtain the coupling constants by performing both analytic and numerical calculations, and compare them with experimental data. It is found that the vector meson dominance in the pion form factor as well as in the Wess-Zumino-Witten term holds in an intriguing manner. We also study the ωto πγand ωto 3πdecay amplitudes. It is shown that the interactions relevant to these decay amplitudes have the same structure as that proposed by Fujiwara et al. Various relations among the masses and the coupling constants of an infinite tower of mesons are derived. These relations play crucial roles in the analysis. We find that most of the results are consistent with experiments.
description: Latex2e, 40 pages, 6 figures, v2: references added, typos corrected, v3: PTP-style, typos corrected, v4: minor corrections