cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multi-resolution schemes for time scaled propagation of wave packets
Creators: name: Frapiccini, Ana Laura
name: Hamido, Aliou
name: Mota-Furtado, Francisca
name: O'Mahony, Patrick F.
name: Piraux, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of the time scaled coordinate approach and its implementation for solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation describing the interaction of atoms or molecules with radiation pulses. We investigate and discuss the performance of multi-resolution schemes for the treatment of the squeezing around the origin of the bound part of the scaled wave packet. When the wave packet is expressed in terms of B-splines, we consider two different types of breakpoint sequences: an exponential sequence with a constant density and an initially uniform sequence with a density of points around the origin that increases with time. These two multi-resolution schemes are tested in the case of a one-dimensional gaussian potential and for atomic hydrogen. In the latter case, we also use Sturmian functions to describe the scaled wave packet and discuss a multi-resolution scheme which consists in working in a sturmian basis characterized by a set of non-linear parameters. Regarding the continuum part of the scaled wave packet, we show explicitly that, for large times, the group velocity of each ionized wave packet goes to zero while its dispersion is suppressed thereby explaining why, eventually, the scaled wave packet associated to the ejected electrons becomes stationary. Finally, we show that only the lowest scaled bound states can be removed from the total scaled wave packet once the interaction with the pulse has ceased.
Additional file 1: of Nonsynostotic plagiocephaly: a child health care intervention in Skaraborg, Sweden
Creators: name: Lennartsson, Freda
name: Nordin, Per
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Figure S1. CONSORT 2010 Flow Diagram 1. The nurses. (DOC 55 kb)
neos: physics analysis as a differentiable program
Creators: name: Simpson, Nathan Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The advent of deep learning has yielded powerful tools to automatically compute gradients of computations. This is because 'training a neural network' equates to iteratively updating its parameters using gradient descent to find the minimum of a loss function. Deep learning is then a subset of a broader paradigm; a workflow with free parameters that is end-to-end optimisable, provided one can keep track of the gradients all the way through. This paradigm is known as differentiable programming. This work introduces neos, which is an example implementation of a fully differentiable HEP workflow, made possible by leveraging the Python modules jax and pyhf. In particular, through using a technique called fixed-point differentiation, neos makes the frequentist construction of the profile likelihood differentiable. This allows a neural network-based summary statistic to be trained with respect to the expected CLs value calculated downstream. Doing this results in an optimisation process that is aware of how every step in the workflow changes the CLs value, including the modelling and treatment of nuisance parameters.
Relativistic Addition of Velocities in R5
Creators: name: Sprenger, Roland Alfred
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Another method of adding relativistic velocities is shown. It uses a fifth dimension of spacetime rotating the coordinate system of the Minkowski diagram into it and thus is an indication of the existence of a fifth dimension. As proof of correctness of the result of the rotation the addition theorem of velocities is derived from it. Photographs of a hardware model and diagrams of a computergenerated model illustrate how to find the resulting velocity by the rotation into the five-dimensional spacetime. Alongside the paradox  "c + u´ = c"  is resolved.Content:1. Introduction2. The rotation angle3. Proof of the procedure4. Examples5. Resolution of the paradox  "c + u´ = c"6. Summary
title: Superhydrophilic and superoleophobic meshes for on-site oil-water separation
Creators: name: Vaziri, Elaheh
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2023

description: Oil spills are becoming a major cause of environmental damage on a worldwide scale. Effective ways to separate oil from water are needed to solve this issue. Meshes and membranes that are superhydrophilic/superoleophobic are promising materials for oil-water separation, but their actual utilisation still confronts several obstacles. In this work, we made oleophobic TiO₂ and SiO₂ nanoparticle-coated superhydrophilic stainless steel meshes. The coating was made by electrophoretically depositing positively charged nanoparticles of TiO₂ and SiO₂ on stainless steel meshes after treating of TiO₂ and SiO₂ with iodine in acetyl acetone solutions. To increase stability and oil-water separation performance, four different mesh counts (80, 120, 200, and 400) were created and put through sintering operations at various temperatures. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and contact angle (CA) measurements were used to explore the specific microscopic structural characteristics of these meshes. These meshes were evaluated for their ability to separate oil from water using gas florescence and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopic methods. Our research has shown that the mesh created with 1% concentration of SiO₂ (SiO₂/TiO₂ = 0.01), mesh spacing 400, and sintering temperature 800 °C had the optimal oil-water separation performance. It is important to note that for hexane and Terra-Nova oil, this mesh exhibits outstanding surface hydrophilicity/oleophobicity with static contact angles greater than 170°. In this experiment Terranova oil used in prepared emulsion for oil-water separation tests and the efficiency calculated was 91%. Also, these coated meshes can be reused for at least five cycles, according to durability testing, which also minimises the cost of treating oily wastewater.
MAJORANA Collaboration's Experience with Germanium Detectors
Creators: name: Poon, A.W.P.
name: Detwiler, J.A.
name: Radford, D.C.
name: Gruszko, J.
name: Vetter, K.
name: Elliott, S.R.
name: Tedeschi, D.
name: Cuesta, C.
name: Macmullin, J.
name: Efremenko, Y.
name: Howe, M.A.
name: Romero-Romero, E.
name: Mertens, S.
name: Xu, W.
name: Avignone, F.T., III
name: Hoppe, E.W.
name: Wilkerson, J.F.
name: Overman, N.R.
name: Goett, J.
name: Giovanetti, G.K.
name: Green, M.P.
name: Abgrall, N.
name: Suriano, A.M.
name: Laferriere, B.D.
name: Leon, J.
name: Chan, Y.-D.
name: Keeter, K.J.
name: Rielage, K.
name: Robertson, R.G.H.
name: Guiseppe, V.E.
name: Henning, R.
name: Wiseman, C.
name: Christofferson, C.D.
name: Orrell, J.L.
name: Caldwell, A.S.
name: O'Shaughnessy, C.
name: Vasilyev, S.
name: Galindo-Uribarri, A.
name: Shanks, B.
name: Snyder, N.
name: Kidd, M.F.
name: Yu, C.-H.
name: Busch, M.
name: Yumatov, V.
name: Kouzes, R.T.
name: Byram, D.
name: Ejiri, H.
name: Rager, J.
name: White, B.R.
name: Guinn, I.S.
name: Brudanin, V.
name: Buuck, M.
name: Vorren, K.
name: Trimble, J.E.
name: Varner, R.L.
name: Martin, R.D.
name: Barabash, A.S.
name: Meijer, S.J.
name: Jasinski, B.R.
name: Shirchenko, M.
name: Konovalov, S.I.
name: Ronquest, M.C.
name: Howard, S.
name: Bertrand, F.E.
name: Yakushev, E.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2015

description: The goal of the Majorana Demonstrator project is to search for 0νββ decay in 76Ge. Of all candidate isotopes for 0νββ, 76Ge has some of the most favorable characteristics. Germanium detectors are a well established technology, and in searches for 0νββ, the high purity germanium crystal acts simultaneously as source and detector. Furthermore, p-type germanium detectors provide excellent energy resolution and a specially designed point contact geometry allows for sensitive pulse shape discrimination. This paper will summarize the experiences the MAJORANA collaboration made with enriched germanium detectors manufactured by ORTEC®. The process from production, to characterization and integration in MAJORANA mounting structure will be described. A summary of the performance of all enriched germanium detectors will be given.
Galois correspondence theorem for Picard-Vessiot extensions
Creators: name: Crespo, Teresa
name: Hajto, Zbigniew
name: Sowa-Adamus, Elzbieta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 12H05, 12F10

description: In this paper, we generalize the definition of the differential Galois group and the Galois correspondence theorem established previously for Picard-Vessiot extensions of real differential fields with real closed field of constants to any Picard-Vessiot extension.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1207.1890
Current status of neutrinoless double-beta decay searches
Creators: name: Henning, R.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2016

description: This article briefly reviews the current status and near-term prospects of experimental searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay. After discussing the motivation and history of neutrinoless double-beta decay, we will focus on the status of current experiments and the factors limiting their sensitivity. We will then discuss the prospects and requirements for proposed experiments that will probe the inverted neutrino mass hierarchy.
3-Dimensional Tuning of an Atomically Defined Silicon Tunnel Junction
Creators: name: Donnelly, Matthew B.
name: Keizer, Joris G.
name: Chung, Yousun
name: Simmons, Michelle Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A requirement for quantum information processors is the in-situ tunability of the tunnel rates and the exchange interaction energy within the device. The large energy level separation for atom qubits in silicon is well suited for qubit operation but limits device tunability using in-plane gate architectures, requiring vertically separated top-gates to control tunnelling within the device. In this paper we address control of the simplest tunnelling device in Si:P, the tunnel junction. Here we demonstrate that we can tune its conductance by using a vertically separated top-gate aligned with +-5nm precision to the junction. We show that a monolithic 3D epitaxial top-gate increases the capacitive coupling by a factor of 3 compared to in-plane gates, resulting in a tunnel barrier height tunability of 0-186meV. By combining multiple gated junctions in series we extend our monolithic 3D gating technology to implement nanoscale logic circuits including AND and OR gates.
MPEC 2023-U88 : 2023 UJ1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 UJ1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
T2.4 Delphi study raw data 2
Creators: name: Keene, Paul
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 109999 Technology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 80199 Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Delphi study raw data from round 2
On Rendering Synthetic Images for Training an Object Detector
Creators: name: Rozantsev, Artem
name: Lepetit, Vincent
name: Fua, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a novel approach to synthesizing images that are effective for training object detectors. Starting from a small set of real images, our algorithm estimates the rendering parameters required to synthesize similar images given a coarse 3D model of the target object. These parameters can then be reused to generate an unlimited number of training images of the object of interest in arbitrary 3D poses, which can then be used to increase classification performances. A key insight of our approach is that the synthetically generated images should be similar to real images, not in terms of image quality, but rather in terms of features used during the detector training. We show in the context of drone, plane, and car detection that using such synthetically generated images yields significantly better performances than simply perturbing real images or even synthesizing images in such way that they look very realistic, as is often done when only limited amounts of training data are available.
The Majorana Demonstrator: A Search for Neutrinoless Double-beta Decay of 76Ge
Creators: name: Rielage, K.
name: Chan, Y.-D.
name: Macmullin, J.
name: Abgrall, N.
name: White, B.R.
name: Caldwell, A.S.
name: Christofferson, C.D.
name: Yumatov, V.
name: Overman, N.R.
name: Guiseppe, V.E.
name: Shanks, B.
name: Snyder, N.
name: Xu, W.
name: Orrell, J.L.
name: Jasinski, B.R.
name: Varner, R.L.
name: Hoppe, E.W.
name: Radford, D.C.
name: O'Shaughnessy, C.
name: Busch, M.
name: Laferriere, B.D.
name: Keeter, K.J.
name: Ejiri, H.
name: Galindo-Uribarri, A.
name: Leon, J.
name: Vetter, K.
name: Romero-Romero, E.
name: Bertrand, F.E.
name: Howe, M.A.
name: Buuck, M.
name: Yu, C.-H.
name: Guinn, I.S.
name: Wiseman, C.
name: Tedeschi, D.
name: Ronquest, M.C.
name: Efremenko, Y.
name: Green, M.P.
name: Mertens, S.
name: Trimble, J.E.
name: Henning, R.
name: Barabash, A.S.
name: Wilkerson, J.F.
name: Detwiler, J.A.
name: Poon, A.W.P.
name: Yakushev, E.
name: Konovalov, S.I.
name: Shirchenko, M.
name: Suriano, A.M.
name: Robertson, R.G.H.
name: Avignone, F.T., III
name: Howard, S.
name: Brudanin, V.
name: Martin, R.D.
name: Elliott, S.R.
name: Rager, J.
name: Gruszko, J.
name: Byram, D.
name: Kidd, M.F.
name: Cuesta, C.
name: Goett, J.
name: Vasilyev, S.
name: Meijer, S.J.
name: Vorren, K.
name: Kouzes, R.T.
name: Giovanetti, G.K.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2015

description: Neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay is a hypothesized process where in some even-even nuclei it might be possible for two neutrons to simultaneously decay into two protons and two electrons without emitting neutrinos. This is possible only if neutrinos are Majorana particles, i.e. fermions that are their own antiparticles. Neutrinos being Majorana particles would explicitly violate lepton number conservation, and might play a role in the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe. The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay would also provide complementary information related to neutrino masses. The Majorana Collaboration is constructing the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, with a total of 40-kg Germanium detectors, to search for the 0νββ decay of 76Ge and to demonstrate a background rate at or below 3 counts/(ROI•t•y) in the 4 keV region of interest (ROI) around the 2039 keV Q-value for 76Ge 0νββ decay. In this paper, we discuss the physics of neutrinoless double beta decay and then focus on the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, including its design and approach to achieve ultra-low backgrounds and the status of the experiment.
VitorCarvalho_Thesis.pdf
Creators: name: Carvalho, Vitor Farias Costa de
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 409999
subject: Other engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Functional connectome (FC) fingerprinting is a rapidly evolving field within neuroimaging that seeks to identify unique patterns of functional connectivity in the human brain. The ability to reliably distinguish individuals based on their functional connectome has significant implications for neuroscience, particularly in understanding cognitive variability, mental disorders, and personalized medicine. Traditional approaches to FC fingerprinting rely on direct comparisons of functional connectivity matrices, but these methods can be limited by noise, high dimensionality, and the inherent variability of fMRI data across scanning sessions. To address these challenges, this thesis explores two distinct approaches utilizing dimensionality reduction techniques to enhance FC fingerprinting.
The first chapter investigates the use of tensor decomposition to improve the identifiability of individual functional connectivity patterns across multiple fMRI conditions. By decomposing high-dimensional FCs data into a core tensor and factor matrices, the framework successfully enhances the stability and distinctiveness of functional connectome fingerprints. The study examines within-condition and between-condition fingerprinting, demonstrating that Tucker decomposition significantly increases matching rates compared to methods that do not model the high-dimensionality of functional connectivity data, particularly for lower parcellation granularities.
The second chapter focuses on the application of Riemannian geometry-based methods, particularly tangent space projection, to further refine functional connectome fingerprints when several data acquisition sessions are available. This approach addresses the limitations of traditional Euclidean-based analyses by incorporating the geometric space in which FCs lie mapping FC matrices onto a tangent space, enabling robust comparisons while preserving individual-specific patterns. By leveraging Pearson correlation and Euclidean distance metrics, the study highlights the advantages of tangent FCs in improving subject distinctiveness across multiple scanning sessions. The integration of t-SNE visualization further validates the effectiveness of this method in clustering subject-specific connectivity patterns.
Femtosecond intramolecular rearrangement of the CH3NCS radical cation
Creators: name: Stamm, Jacob
name: Li, Shuai
name: Jochim, Bethany
name: Yuwono, Stephen H.
name: Priyadarsini, Swati S.
name: Piecuch, Piotr
name: Dantus, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong-field ionization, involving tunnel ionization and electron rescattering, enables femtosecond time-resolved dynamics measurements of chemical reactions involving radical cations. Here, we compare the formation of CH3S+ following the strong-field ionization of the isomers CH3SCN and CH3NCS. The former involves the release of neutral CN, while the latter involves an intramolecular rearrangement. We find the intramolecular rearrangement takes place on the single picosecond timescale and exhibits vibrational coherence. Density functional theory and coupled-cluster calculations on the neutral and singly ionized species help us determine the driving force responsible for intramolecular rearrangement in CH3NCS. Our findings illustrate the complexity that accompanies radical cation chemistry following electron ionization and demonstrate a useful tool for understanding the cation dynamics after ionization.
description: Combined PDF file consisting of the main text (20 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables) and the supplementary material (7 pages, 1 figure, nuclear coordinates of the calculated molecular structures). This article has been accepted for publication in the Journal of Chemical Physics. After it is published, it will be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0117875
Mediating Effects of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms on Nonsurgical Exposures and Pain or Functional Outcomes in Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review Protocol
Creators: name: Christopherson, Rory McMahon
name: Pierobon, Andres
name: Skou, Søren Thorgaard
name: Caya, Richelle
name: Haase, Anne M.
name: Ribeiro, Daniel
name: Abbott, J. Haxby
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2023

description: Review Question: Do changes in depression or anxiety related symptoms mediate the effect of nonsurgical exposures on pain and functional outcomes for people with osteoarthritis?
T2.4 Delphi study raw data 1
Creators: name: Keene, Paul
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 109999 Technology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 80199 Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Delphi study raw data from round 1
Blowing Magnetic Skyrmion Bubbles
Creators: name: Jiang, Wanjun
name: Upadhyaya, Pramey
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Yu, Guoqiang
name: Jungfleisch, M. Benjamin
name: Fradin, Frank Y.
name: Pearson, John E.
name: Tserkovnyak, Yaroslav
name: Wang, Kang L.
name: Heinonen, Olle
name: Velthuis, Suzanne G. E. te
name: Hoffmann, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soap bubbles form when blowing air through a suspended thin film of soapy water and this phenomenon entertains children and adults alike. The formation of soap bubbles from thin films is accompanied by topological transitions, and thus the natural question arises whether this concept is applicable to the generation of other topological states. Here we show how a magnetic topological structure, namely a skyrmion bubble, can be generated in a solid state system in a similar manner. Beyond enabling the investigation of complex surface-tension driven dynamics in a novel physical system, this observation has also practical implications, since the topological charge of magnetic skyrmions has been envisioned as an information carrier for new data processing technologies. A main goal towards this end is the experimental creation and manipulation of individual mobile skyrmions at room temperature. By utilizing an inhomogeneous in-plane current in a system with broken inversion asymmetry, we experimentally blow magnetic skyrmion bubbles through a geometrical constriction. The presence of a spatially divergent spin-orbit torque gives rise to instabilities of the magnetic domain structures that are reminiscent of Rayleigh-Plateau instabilities in fluid flows. Experimentally we can determine the electric current versus magnetic field phase diagram for skyrmion formation and we reveal the efficient manipulation of these dynamically created skyrmions, including depinning and motion. The demonstrated current-driven transformation from stripe domains to magnetic skyrmion bubbles could provide additional avenues for implementing skyrmion-based spintronics.
On the excitation of action potentials by protons and its potential implications for cholinergic transmission
Creators: name: Fillafer, Christian
name: Schneider, Matthias F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most conserved mechanisms for transmission of a nerve pulse across a synapse relies on acetylcholine. Ever since the Nobel-prize winning works of Dale and Loewi, it has been assumed that acetylcholine - subsequent to its action on a postsynaptic cell - is split into inactive by-products by acetylcholinesterase. Herein, this widespread assumption is falsified. Excitable cells (Chara australis internodes), which had previously been unresponsive to acetylcholine, became acetylcholine-sensitive in presence of acetylcholinesterase. The latter was evidenced by a striking difference in cell membrane depolarisation upon exposure to 10 mM intact acetylcholine (deltaV=-2plus/minus5 mV) and its hydrolysate respectively (deltaV=81plus/minus19 mV) for 60 sec. This pronounced depolarization, which also triggered action potentials, was clearly attributed to one of the hydrolysis products: acetic acid (deltaV=87plus/minus9 mV at pH 4.0; choline ineffective in range 1-10 mM). In agreement with our findings, numerous studies in the literature have reported that acids excite gels, lipid membranes, plant cells, erythrocytes as well as neurons. Whether excitation of the postsynaptic cell in a cholinergic synapse is due to protons or due to intact acetylcholine is a most fundamental question that has not been addressed so far.
description: 15 pages; 4 figures
Angle Dependence of Photonic Enhancement of Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect in DMS Layers
Creators: name: Koba, Marcin
name: Suffczynski, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically an angle dependence of enhancement of polar magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) obtained thanks to a deposition of a paramagnetic Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor (DMS) layer on one-dimensional photonic crystal layer. Our transfer matrix method based calculations conducted for TE and TM polarizations of the incident light predict up to an order of magnitude stronger MOKE for a (Ga,Fe)N DMS layer when implementing the proposed design. The maximum enhancement for TE and TM polarization occurs for the light incidence at the normal and at the Brewster angle, respectively. This indicates a possibility of tuning of the MOKE enhancement by adjustment of the polarization and the incidence angle of the light.
description: 6 figures
Open quantum reaction-diffusion dynamics: absorbing states and relaxation
Creators: name: van Horssen, Merlijn
name: Garrahan, Juan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an extension of classical stochastic reaction-diffusion (RD) dynamics to open quantum systems. We study a class of models of hard core particles on a one-dimensional lattice whose dynamics is generated by a quantum master operator and where particle hopping is coherent while reactions, such as pair annihilation or pair coalescence, are dissipative. These are quantum open generalisations of the $A+A \to \varnothing$ and $A+A \to A$ classical RD models. We characterise the relaxation of the state towards the stationary regime via a decomposition of the system Hilbert space into transient and recurrent subspaces. We provide a complete classification of the structure of the recurrent subspace (and the non-equilibrium steady states) in terms of the dark states associated to the quantum master operator and its general spectral properties. We also show that, in one dimension, relaxation towards these absorbing dark states is slower than that predicted by a mean-field analysis due to fluctuation effects, in analogy with what occurs in classical RD systems. Numerical simulations of small systems suggest that the decay of the density in one dimension, in both the open quantum $A+A \to \varnothing$ and $A+A \to A$ cases, may go asymptotically as $t^{-b}$ with $1/2 < b < 1$.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
PITCHFORK: Emulating individual mode frequencies of solar-like oscillators using a neural network
Creators: name: Scutt, Owen
name: Davies, Guy R.
name: Lyttle, Alex
name: Stokholm, Amalie
name: Nielsen, Martin B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Characterising stellar fundamental parameters is difficult. For instance, generating new stellar evolutionary tracks to reflect observations is computationally expensive. Additionally, quantifying the uncertainty inherent in comparison to stellar model grids can be challenging. To mitigate this issue, we use a neural network as an emulator, converting discrete grids of stellar models into continuous functions with easily quantifiable emulation uncertainties. Once trained, this emulator is capable of rapidly predicting a host of observable quantities including individual mode frequencies, each with easily quantifiable emulation uncertainties. Trained emulators are then used for likelihood estimation in Bayesian inference to recover plausible estimates of the posterior distributions. We present results for inferred fundamental parameters of solar-like oscillators. We observe that the recovered posteriors for simulated stars may exhibit non-Gaussian distributions, multimodality, and strong covariance. Furthermore, we present results obtained from real stars. Finally, we show how covariance in emulation prediction residuals should be accounted for, and discuss the improvements from using ensemble approaches to emulation in the future.
Low Background Signal Readout Electronics for the Majorana Demonstrator
Creators: name: Poon, A.W.P.
name: Xu, W.
name: Brudanin, V.
name: Varner, R.L.
name: Bertrand, F.E.
name: Jasinski, B.R.
name: Romero-Romero, E.
name: Howard, S.
name: Orrell, J.L.
name: Chan, Y.-D.
name: Yu, C.-H.
name: Christofferson, C.D.
name: Leon, J.
name: Konovalov, S.I.
name: Keeter, K.J.
name: Abgrall, N.
name: Goett, J.
name: Tedeschi, D.
name: Guinn, I.
name: Vetter, K.
name: Elliott, S.R.
name: Henning, R.
name: Meijer, S.J.
name: Rielage, K.
name: Macmullin, J.
name: Radford, D.C.
name: Kouzes, R.T.
name: Overman, N.R.
name: Guiseppe, V.E.
name: Buuck, M.
name: Wiseman, C.
name: Busch, M.
name: Barabash, A.S.
name: Avignone, F.T., III
name: Wilkerson, J.F.
name: Green, M.P.
name: Vorren, K.
name: Howe, M.A.
name: Robertson, R.G.H.
name: O'Shaughnessy, C.
name: Ronquest, M.C.
name: Mertens, S.
name: Yumatov, V.
name: Caldwell, A.S.
name: Detwiler, J.A.
name: Cuesta, C.
name: Yakushev, E.
name: Byram, D.
name: Kidd, M.F.
name: Giovanetti, G.K.
name: Ejiri, H.
name: Efremenko, Y.
name: Galindo-Uribarri, A.
name: Snyder, N.
name: Shanks, B.
name: Laferriere, B.D.
name: Gruszko, J.
name: White, B.R.
name: Trimble, J.E.
name: Suriano, A.M.
name: Vasilyev, S.
name: Shirchenko, M.
name: Hoppe, E.W.
name: Rager, J.
name: Martin, R.D.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2015

description: The Majorana Demonstrator is a planned 40 kg array of Germanium detectors intended to demonstrate the feasibility of constructing a tonne-scale experiment that will seek neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) in 76Ge. Such an experiment would require backgrounds of less than 1 count/tonne-year in the 4 keV region of interest around the 2039 keV Q-value of the ββ decay. Designing low-noise electronics, which must be placed in close proximity to the detectors, presents a challenge to reaching this background target. This paper will discuss the Majorana collaboration's solutions to some of these challenges.
Learning to Rank Graph-based Application Objects on Heterogeneous Memories
Creators: name: Moura, Diego
name: Petrucci, Vinicius
name: Mosse, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Persistent Memory (PMEM), also known as Non-Volatile Memory (NVM), can deliver higher density and lower cost per bit when compared with DRAM. Its main drawback is that it is typically slower than DRAM. On the other hand, DRAM has scalability problems due to its cost and energy consumption. Soon, PMEM will likely coexist with DRAM in computer systems but the biggest challenge is to know which data to allocate on each type of memory. This paper describes a methodology for identifying and characterizing application objects that have the most influence on the application's performance using Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory. In the first part of our work, we built a tool that automates the profiling and analysis of application objects. In the second part, we build a machine learning model to predict the most critical object within large-scale graph-based applications. Our results show that using isolated features does not bring the same benefit compared to using a carefully chosen set of features. By performing data placement using our predictive model, we can reduce the execution time degradation by 12\% (average) and 30\% (max) when compared to the baseline's approach based on LLC misses indicator.
Das Zweite Vatikanische Konzil und seine Bedeutung für die russisch-orthodoxe Kirche
Creators: name: Borovoj, Vitalij Michajlovič
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 32 Nr. 6 (1996): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 32, Heft 6
Die Maßnahmen des Moskauer Patriarchats 1990-1992 zur Beilegung des interkonfessionellen Konflikts in der Westukraine
Creators: name: Sjablicev, Georgij
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 32 Nr. 6 (1996): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 32, Heft 6
Predicting User Engagement in Twitter with Collaborative Ranking
Creators: name: Diaz-Aviles, Ernesto
name: Lam, Hoang Thanh
name: Pinelli, Fabio
name: Braghin, Stefano
name: Gkoufas, Yiannis
name: Berlingerio, Michele
name: Calabrese, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3; I.2.6

description: Collaborative Filtering (CF) is a core component of popular web-based services such as Amazon, YouTube, Netflix, and Twitter. Most applications use CF to recommend a small set of items to the user. For instance, YouTube presents to a user a list of top-n videos she would likely watch next based on her rating and viewing history. Current methods of CF evaluation have been focused on assessing the quality of a predicted rating or the ranking performance for top-n recommended items. However, restricting the recommender system evaluation to these two aspects is rather limiting and neglects other dimensions that could better characterize a well-perceived recommendation. In this paper, instead of optimizing rating or top-n recommendation, we focus on the task of predicting which items generate the highest user engagement. In particular, we use Twitter as our testbed and cast the problem as a Collaborative Ranking task where the rich features extracted from the metadata of the tweets help to complement the transaction information limited to user ids, item ids, ratings and timestamps. We learn a scoring function that directly optimizes the user engagement in terms of nDCG@10 on the predicted ranking. Experiments conducted on an extended version of the MovieTweetings dataset, released as part of the RecSys Challenge 2014, show the effectiveness of our approach.
description: RecSysChallenge'14 at RecSys 2014, October 10, 2014, Foster City, CA, USA
(Machine) Learning from the COVID-19 Lockdown about Electricity Market Performance with a Large Share of Renewables
Creators: name: Graf, Christoph
name: Quaglia, Federico
name: Wolak, Frank A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The negative demand shock due to the COVID-19 lockdown has reduced net demand for electricity -- system demand less amount of energy produced by intermittent renewables, hydroelectric units, and net imports -- that must be served by controllable generation units. Under normal demand conditions, introducing additional renewable generation capacity reduces net demand. Consequently, the lockdown can provide insights about electricity market performance with a large share of renewables. We find that although the lockdown reduced average day-ahead prices in Italy by 45%, re-dispatch costs increased by 73%, both relative to the average of the same magnitude for the same period in previous years. We estimate a deep-learning model using data from 2017--2019 and find that predicted re-dispatch costs during the lockdown period are only 26% higher than the same period in previous years. We argue that the difference between actual and predicted lockdown period re-dispatch costs is the result of increased opportunities for suppliers with controllable units to exercise market power in the re-dispatch market in these persistently low net demand conditions. Our results imply that without grid investments and other technologies to manage low net demand conditions, an increased share of intermittent renewables is likely to increase costs of maintaining a reliable grid.
The Majorana Demonstrator: Progress towards showing the feasibility of a tonne-scale 76Ge neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment
Creators: name: Aguayo, E.
name: Finnerty, P.
name: Loach, J.C.
name: Robertson, R.G.H.
name: Wilkerson, J.F.
name: Varner, R.L.
name: Boswell, M.
name: Leon, J.
name: Brudanin, V.
name: Vorren, K.
name: Ronquest, M.C.
name: Hoppe, E.W.
name: Christofferson, C.D.
name: Shima, T.
name: Chan, Y.-D.
name: Fields, N.
name: Galindo-Uribarri, A.
name: Keeter, K.J.
name: Kochetov, O.
name: Merriman, J.H.
name: Knecht, A.
name: Timkin, V.
name: Miller, M.L.
name: Phillips, D.G.
name: Guiseppe, V.E.
name: Hazma, R.
name: Radford, D.C.
name: Barton, P.J.
name: Ejiri, H.
name: Hallin, A.L.
name: MacMullin, S.
name: Howe, M.A.
name: Strain, J.
name: Elliott, S.R.
name: Perumpilly, G.
name: Luke, P.N.
name: Avignone, F.T., III
name: Amman, M.
name: Giovanetti, G.K.
name: Schubert, A.G.
name: Young, A.R.
name: Combs, D.C.
name: Collar, J.I.
name: Fraenkle, F.M.
name: Yakushev, E.
name: Shirchenko, M.
name: Detwiler, J.A.
name: Cooper, R.J.
name: Gehman, V.M.
name: Efremenko, Y.
name: Konovalov, S.I.
name: Mizouni, L.
name: Orrell, J.L.
name: Leviner, L.E.
name: Horton, M.
name: Poon, A.W.P.
name: Vetter, K.
name: Henning, R.
name: Tornow, W.
name: Rielage, K.
name: Bertrand, F.E.
name: Beene, J.R.
name: LaFerriere, B.D.
name: Busch, M.
name: Johnson, R.A.
name: Marino, M.G.
name: Fast, J.E.
name: Martin, R.D.
name: Barabash, A.S.
name: Kidd, M.F.
name: Esterline, J.
name: Yumatov, V.
name: Green, M.P.
name: Yaver, H.
name: Snavely, K.J.
name: Doe, P.J.
name: Yu, C.-H.
name: Egorov, V.
name: Kouzes, R.T.
name: Gusey, K.
name: Nomachi, M.
name: Overman, N.R.
name: Steele, D.
name: Howard, S.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2014

description: The Majorana Demonstrator will search for the neutrinoless double-beta decay (0vββ) of the 76Ge isotope with a mixed array of enriched and natural germanium detectors. The observation of this rare decay would indicate the neutrino is its own anti-particle, demonstrate that lepton number is not conserved, and provide information on the absolute mass-scale of the neutrino. The Demonstrator is being assembled at the 4850 foot level of the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. The array will be contained in a low-background environment and surrounded by passive and active shielding. The goals for the Demonstrator are: demonstrating a background rate less than 3 t-1 y-1 in the 4 keV region of interest (ROI) surrounding the 2039 keV 76Ge endpoint energy; establishing the technology required to build a tonne-scale germanium based double-beta decay experiment; testing the recent claim of observation of 0vββ [1]; and performing a direct search for light WIMPs (3-10 GeV/c2).
Mensch-Tier-Beziehungen als Ansatzpunkt einer gesellschaftlich akzeptierten landwirtschaftlichen Tierhaltung
Creators: name: Wildraut, Christiane
Publisher: name: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft
Year: 2020

description: Die landwirtschaftliche Tierhaltung wird von der Gesellschaft zunehmend kritisch hinterfragt. Sie wünscht sich von den Tierhalter*innen einen „Fair Deal“ im Umgang mit den Tieren, der eine gute Mensch-Tier-Beziehung einschließt. Ethisch motivierte Fragestellungen gewinnen damit auch in der landwirtschaftlichen Tierhaltung an Bedeutung. Zielkonflikte ergeben sich dadurch, dass die Tiere einerseits ökonomisch genutzt und sie andererseits als schützenswerte Lebewesen mit moralischem Status betrachtet werden. Die vorliegende Untersuchung zielt darauf ab, die Beziehung von landwirtschaftlichen Tierhalter*innen zu ihren Tieren näher zu beleuchten und Ursachen für die Ausprägungen dieser Beziehungen zu ermitteln. In einem gemischt-methodischen Ansatz wurden persönliche Interviews und eine Online-Befragung mit Tierhalter*innen von Rindern, Schweinen und Geflügel durchgeführt. Der weit überwiegende Teil der Befragten beschreibt Empathie gegenüber den eigenen Tieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Beziehungen zu den Tieren tierarten- und produktionsstufenspezifisch unterschiedlich ausgeprägt sind. Einfluss auf die Gestaltung der Beziehung nimmt auch die jeweilige biografische Prägung in den landwirtschaftlichen Familien. Die meisten Befragten bekunden, Lieblingstiere im Bestand, zu haben, denen sie besondere Aufmerksamkeit widmen. Diese Aussage ist als einer von mehreren psychologischen Schutzmechanismen anzusehen, die landwirtschaftliche Tierhalter*innen anwenden, um ihren persönlichen Zielkonflikten zu begegnen. Die Mensch-Tier-Beziehung in der Landwirtschaft ist asymmetrisch und von Dominanz durch die Tierhalter*innen geprägt, die gleichzeitig abhängig von den Leistungen ihrer Tiere sind. Die Emotionalität in der Beziehung zu ihren Tieren wird von landwirtschaftlichen Tierhalter*innen bislang kaum thematisiert oder kommuniziert. Der Fair-Deal zum Umgang mit den Tieren findet in der Landwirtschaft Akzeptanz und bietet den Tierhalter*innen die Möglichkeit sich in ihrem Verhältnis zur Gesellschaft neu zu positionieren. Voraussetzung dafür ist auch eine eigene ethische Reflexionsfähigkeit der Mensch-Tier-Beziehung, die entsprechend stärker im landwirtschaftlichen Bildungssystem verankert werden sollte.
description: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft, Aktuelle Beiträge
Photoluminescence of silicon-vacancy defects in nanodiamonds of different chondrites
Creators: name: Shiryaev, A. A.
name: Fisenko, A. V.
name: Semjonova, L. F.
name: Khomich, A. A.
name: Vlasov, I. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoluminescence spectra show that silicon impurity is present in lattice of some nanodiamond grains (ND) of various chondrites as a silicon-vacancy (SiV) defect. The relative intensity of the SiV band in the diamond-rich separates depends on chemical composition of meteorites and on size of ND grains. The strongest signal is found for the size separates enriched in small grains; thus confirming our earlier conclusion that the SiV defects preferentially reside in the smallest (less than 2 nm) grains. The difference in relative intensities of the SiV luminescence in the diamond-rich separates of individual meteorites are due to variable conditions of thermal metamorphism of their parent bodies and/or uneven sampling of nanodiamonds populations. Annealing of separates in air eliminates surface sp2-carbon, consequently, the SiV luminescence is enhanced. Strong and well-defined luminescence and absorption of the SiV defect is a promising feature to locate cold (< 250 °C) nanodiamonds in space.
description: Accepted by Meteoritics and Planetary Science. 19 pages, 4 figures
Die ökumenische Problematik in der russisch-orthodoxen Kirche und die Synode von 1994
Creators: name: Sjablicev, Georgij
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 32 Nr. 6 (1996): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 32, Heft 6
Multidimensional epidemic thresholds in diffusion processes over interdependent networks
Creators: name: Salehi, Mostafa
name: Siyari, Payam
name: Magnani, Matteo
name: Montesi, Danilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several systems can be modeled as sets of interdependent networks where each network contains distinct nodes. Diffusion processes like the spreading of a disease or the propagation of information constitute fundamental phenomena occurring over such coupled networks. In this paper we propose a new concept of multidimensional epidemic threshold characterizing diffusion processes over interdependent networks, allowing different diffusion rates on the different networks and arbitrary degree distributions. We analytically derive and numerically illustrate the conditions for multilayer epidemics, i.e., the appearance of a giant connected component spanning all the networks. Furthermore, we study the evolution of infection density and diffusion dynamics with extensive simulation experiments on synthetic and real networks.
Computing highest density regions for continuous univariate distributions with known probability functions
Creators: name: O'Neill, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We examine the problem of computing the highest density region (HDR) in a computational context where the user has access to a density function and quantile function for the distribution (e.g., in the statistical language R). We examine several common classes of continuous univariate distributions based on the shape of the density function; this includes monotone densities, quasi-concave and quasi-convex densities, and general multimodal densities. In each case we show how the user can compute the HDR from the quantile and density functions by framing the problem as a nonlinear optimisation problem. We implement these methods in R to obtain general functions to compute HDRs for classes of distributions, and for commonly used families of distributions. We compare our method to existing R packages for computing HDRs and we show that our method performs favourably in terms of both accuracy and average speed.