cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The effect of cosmic web filaments on galaxy evolution
Creators: name: O'Kane, Callum J.
name: Kuchner, Ulrike
name: Gray, Meghan E.
name: Aragón-Salamanca, Alfonso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy properties are known to be affected by their environment. This is well established for the extremes of the density scales, between the high-density cluster environment and the low-density field. It is however not fully understood how the intermediate-density regime of cosmic web filaments affects galaxy evolution. We investigate this environmental effect using a mass complete sample of 23,441 galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR8 Main Galaxy Sample (${M}_{\text{Stellar}} > 10^{9.91} \text{M}_{\odot}$). We define 6 environments, probing different density regimes and representing unique stages in the structure formation process, comparing the differences in star formation activity and morphology between them. We find that galaxies in filaments tend to be less star forming and favour more early-type morphologies than those in the field. These differences persist when considering stellar mass-matched samples, suggesting that this is a consequence of the environment. We further investigate whether these trends are a result of the large scale or local environment through constructing samples matched both in stellar mass and local galaxy density. We find that when also matching in local galaxy density, the differences observed between the filament and field population vanishes, concluding that the environmental effect of filaments can be entirely parameterised by a local galaxy density index. We find that differences can still be seen in comparisons with the interiors of clusters, suggesting these are unique environments which can impart additional physical processes not characterised by local galaxy density.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Chrysospalax trevelyani
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Chrysochloridae
Chrysospalax
Chrysospalax trevelyani

description: Chrysospalax trevelyani (Gunther, 1875). Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1875:311. TYPE LOCALITY: South Africa, Cape Prov., Pirie Forest, near King William's Town. DISTRIBUTION: Cape Prov. (South Africa). ISIS NUMBER: 5301403004003001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 64, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
Toward a translational approach to targeting the endocannabinoid system in posttraumatic stress disorder: A critical review of preclinical research
Creators: name: Papini, Santiago
name: Sullivan, Gregory M.
name: Hien, Denise A.
name: Shvil, Erel
name: Neria, Yuval
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Cannabinoids
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Psychiatry

description: Despite the lack of clinical research, marijuana and synthetic cannabinoids have been approved to treat posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in several states in the United States. This review critically examines preclinical research on the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in order to evaluate three key questions that are relevant to PTSD: (1) Does ECS dysfunction impact fear extinction? (2) Can stress-related symptoms be prevented by ECS modulation? (3) Is the ECS a potential target for enhancing PTSD treatment? Disruption of the ECS impaired fear extinction in rodents, and ECS abnormalities have been observed in PTSD. Targeting fear memories via the ECS had mixed results in rodents, whereas augmented cannabinoid receptor activation typically facilitated extinction. However, the translational value of these findings is limited by the paucity and inconsistency of human research. Further investigation is necessary to determine whether incorporating cannabinoids in treatment would benefit individuals with PTSD, with cautious attention to risks.
title: Randomness as a computational strategy : on matrix and tensor decompositions
Creators: name: Erichson, N. Benjamin
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2017

description: Matrix and tensor decompositions are fundamental tools for finding structure and data processing. In particular, the efficient computation of low-rank matrix approximations is an ubiquitous problem in the area of machine learning and elsewhere. However, massive data arrays pose a computational challenge for these techniques, placing significant constraints on both memory and processing power. Recently, the fascinating and powerful concept of randomness has been introduced as a strategy to ease the computational load of deterministic matrix and data algorithms. The basic idea of these algorithms is to employ a degree of randomness as part of the logic in order to derive from a high-dimensional input matrix a smaller matrix, which captures the essential information of the original data matrix. Subsequently, the smaller matrix is then used to efficiently compute a near-optimal low-rank approximation. Randomized algorithms have been shown to be robust, highly reliable, and computationally efficient, yet simple to implement. In particular, the development of the randomized singular value decomposition can be seen as a milestone in the era of ‘big data’. Building up on the great success of this probabilistic strategy to compute low-rank matrix decompositions, this thesis introduces a set of new randomized algorithms. Specifically, we present a randomized algorithm to compute the dynamic mode decomposition, which is a modern dimension reduction technique designed to extract dynamic information from dynamical systems. Then, we advocate the randomized dynamic mode decomposition for background modeling of surveillance video feeds. Further, we show that randomized algorithms are embarrassingly parallel by design and that graphics processing units (GPUs) can be utilized to substantially accelerate the computations. Finally, the concept of randomized algorithms is generalized for tensors in order to compute the canonical CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) decomposition.
A Galaxy Model from 2MASS Star Counts in the Whole Sky Including the Plane
Creators: name: Polido, Priscilla
name: Jablonski, Francisco
name: Lépine, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the star counts model of Ortiz & Lépine (1993) to perform an unprecedented exploration of the most important galactic parameters comparing the predicted counts with the 2MASS observed star counts in the J, H and K_S bands for a grid of positions covering the whole sky. The comparison is made using a grid of lines-of-sight given by the HEALPix pixelization scheme. The resulting best fit values for the parameters are: (2120 +- 200) pc for the radial scale length and (205 +- 40) pc for the scale height of the thin disk, with a central hole of (2070_{-800}^{+2000}) pc for the same disk; (3050 +- 500) pc for the radial scale length and (640 +- 70) pc for the scale height of the thick disk; (400 +- 100) pc for the central dimension of the spheroid, (0.0082 +- 0.0030) for the spheroid to disk density ratio, and (0.57 +- 0.05) for the oblate spheroid parameter.
description: 36 pages, 14 figures, submitted to ApJ
PHENIX highlights
Creators: name: Nouicer, Rachid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: aum23
phenix
spin
photon
direct photon
longitudinal spin asymmetry
transverse spin asymmetry
p+p
π0
η
au+au
elliptic
flow
heavy flavor
electron
J/Ψ
energy loss
raa
nuclear
modification
small systems
cross section
polarization
gluon
p+au
p+al
thermal photon
rgamma
d+au
3he+au
qgp
correlations
multiplicity
scaling
cronin effect
charmonium
mid-rapidity
forward-rapidity
backward-rapidity

description: Plenary talk presented at the RHIC/AGS Annual Users' Meeting, 2023
Chrysospalax villosus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Chrysochloridae
Chrysospalax
Chrysospalax villosus

description: Chrysospalax villosus (A. Smith, 1833). S. Afr. J., 2: 81. TYPE LOCALITY: South Africa, Durban, "Towards Natal." DISTRIBUTION: Transvaal, Natal, E. Cape Prov. (South Africa). COMMENT: Includes dobsoni, leschae, rufopallidus, rufus, and transvaalensis; see Meester, 1974, Part 1.3:2. See Roberts, 1951, The Mammals of South Africa, p. 121 for discussion of type locality. ISIS NUMBER: 5301403004003002001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 64, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
description: {"references": ["Meester, J. A. J. 1974. Order Insectivora, Family Chrysochloridae. Part 1.3. Pp. 1 - 7, in The mammals of Africa: An identification manual (J. Meester and H. W. Setzer, eds.) [issued 10 Sep 1974]. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., not continuously paginated.", "Roberts, A. 1951. The mammals of South Africa. Trustees of \" The mammals of South Africa \" book fund, Johannesburg, 700 pp."]}
Correlation between Trion and Hole in Fermi Distribution in Process of Trion Photo-excitation in Doped QWs
Creators: name: Suris, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of correlation between a trion and a hole in the electron Fermi distribution created in the process of trion photo-excitation in doped quantum wells is under consideration. The hole in the Fermi distribution appears in the trion creation process consisting of picking of the Fermi Sea electron up by the exciton created in virtual state due to photon absorption. It is demonstrated that the interaction results in formation of a correlated state of the trion and the hole in the Fermi Sea. The state has excitation energy which is less then trion energy minus Fermi energy that can be obtained as a lower edge of trion excitation band using the simple energy conservation low in the picture of independent trion and electrons. The wave function of the correlated state is real and decreases with increase of distance between the trion and the Fermi Sea hole, r, as 1/r^3/2. The wave function can be normalized to unity and it corresponds to correlated state of the trion and Fermi Sea hole. In contrast to this state, the states with excitation energies in the absorption band between the trion energy and the trion energy minus Fermi energy have complex wave functions that decrease as 1/r^1/2. These states correspond to the trion and the Fermi Sea hole that is running away from the trion. The correlated state described above is supposed to be responsible for the narrow trion absorption line that was observed experimentally.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Humor and Trauma-Related Psychopathology Among Survivors of Terror Attacks and Their Spouses
Creators: name: Besser, Avi
name: Weinberg, Michael
name: Zeigler-Hill, Virgil
name: Ataria, Yochai
name: Neria, Yuval
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Wit and humor--Psychological aspects
Dyadic analysis (Social sciences)
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Psychiatry

description: The goal of this study was to examine the bidirectional relationships between
humor and trauma-related psychopathology (posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD], depression, and anxiety symptoms) among 105 dyads consisting of Israelis who were injured during terror attacks and their spouses (N = 210). An actor–partner interdependence model (APIM) was applied as part of a structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis aimed at examining the associations between the use of different styles of humor and trauma-related psychopathology. Consistent with our hypotheses, results suggested that benign styles of humor were associated with survivors’ lower levels of trauma-related symptoms (actor effects) and also had a buffering effect for the spouse (partner effects). More specifically, the use of self-enhancing humor by survivors was negatively associated with spousal symptoms and the use of affiliative humor by spouses was negatively associated with psychopathology symptoms reported by survivors. The results of this study shed light on the role that benign humor may play in coping with traumatic events while taking into account the dyadic relationships among survivors and their spouses. Theoretical and clinical implications of the findings are discussed.
Gravitational interactions between globular and open clusters: an introduction
Creators: name: Marcos, R. de la Fuente
name: Marcos, C. de la Fuente
name: Reilly, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Historically, it has been assumed that globular and open clusters never interact. However, recent evidence suggests that: globular clusters passing through the disk may be able to perturb giant molecular clouds (GMCs) triggering formation of open clusters and some old open clusters may be linked to accreted globulars. Here, we further explore the existence of possible dynamical connections between globular and open clusters, and realize that the most obvious link must be in the form of gravitational interactions. If open clusters are born out of GMCs, they have to move in similar orbits. If we accept that globulars can interact with GMCs, triggering star formation, it follows that globular and open clusters must also interact. Consistently, theoretical arguments as well as observational evidence, show that globular and open clusters certainly are interacting populations and their interactions are far more common than usually thought, especially for objects part of the bulge/disk. Monte Carlo calculations confirm that conclusion. Globular clusters seem capable of not only inducing formation of open clusters but, more often, their demise. Relatively frequent high speed cluster encounters or cluster harassment may also cause, on the long-term, slow erosion and tidal truncation on the globulars involved. The disputed object FSR 1767 (2MASS-GC04) may be, statistically speaking, the best example of an ongoing interaction.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables. Revised to reflect final version published in Astrophysics and Space Science
Absence of superconductivity in electron-doped chromium pnictides ThCrAsN$_{1-x}$O$_x$
Creators: name: Wang, Zhi-Cheng
name: Shao, Ye-Ting
name: Lin, Yi-Qiang
name: Song, Shi-Jie
name: Li, Bai-Zhuo
name: Cheng, Er-Jian
name: Li, Shi-Yan
name: Zhu, Qin-Qing
name: Ren, Zhi
name: Cao, Guang-Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical studies predicted possible superconductivity in electron-doped chromium pnictides isostructural to their iron counterparts. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of a new ZrCuSiAs-type Cr-based compound ThCrAsN, as well as its oxygen-doped variants. All samples of ThCrAsN$_{1-x}$O$_x$ show metallic conduction, but no superconductivity is observed above 30 mK even though the oxygen substitution reaches 75\%. The magnetic structure of ThCrAsN is determined to be G-type antiferromagnetic by magnetization measurements and first-principles calculations jointly. The calculations also indicate that the in-plane Cr--Cr direct interaction of ThCrAsN is robust against the heavy electron doping. The calculated density of states of the orbital occupations of Cr for ThCrAs(N,O) is strongly spin-polarized. Our results suggest the similarities between chromium pnictides and iron-based superconductors shouldn't be overestimated.
Security and Privacy Perspectives of People Living in Shared Home Environments
Creators: name: Pattnaik, Nandita
name: Li, Shujun
name: Nurse, Jason R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Security and privacy perspectives of people in a multi-user home are a growing area of research, with many researchers reflecting on the complicated power imbalance and challenging access control issues of the devices involved. However, these studies primarily focused on the multi-user scenarios in traditional family home settings, leaving other types of multi-user home environments, such as homes shared by co-habitants without a familial relationship, under-studied. This paper closes this research gap via quantitative and qualitative analysis of results from an online survey and content analysis of sampled online posts on Reddit. It explores the complex roles of shared home users, which depend on various factors unique to the shared home environment, e.g., who owns what home devices, how home devices are used by multiple users, and more complicated relationships between the landlord and people in the shared home and among co-habitants. Half (50.7%) of our survey participants thought that devices in a shared home are less secure than in a traditional family home. This perception was found statistically significantly associated with factors such as the fear of devices being tampered with in their absence and (lack of) trust in other co-habitants and their visitors. Our study revealed new user types and relationships in a multi-user environment such as ExternalPrimary-InternalPrimary while analysing the landlord and shared home resident relationship with regard to shared home device use. We propose a threat actor model for shared home environments, which has a focus on possible malicious behaviours of current and past co-habitants of a shared home, as a special type of insider threat in a home environment. We also recommend further research to understand the complex roles co-habitants can play in navigating and adapting to a shared home environment's security and privacy landscape.
description: Published in Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction (PACMHCI), Volume 8, Issue CSCW2, Article Number 368, 39 pages, ACM, 2024, accepted to CSCW 2024 (27th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing) for presentation, https://doi.org/10.1145/3686907
Cryptochloris Shortridge and Carter 1938
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Chrysochloridae
Cryptochloris

description: Cryptochloris Shortridge and Carter, 1938. Ann. S. Afr. Mus., 32:284. COMMENT: A synonym of Chrysochloris according to Simonetta, 1968, Monitore Zool. Ital., n.s., 2(suppl.):31; but see Meester, 1974, Part 1.3:2. ISIS NUMBER: 5301403004004000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 64, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
description: {"references": ["Simonetta, A. M. 1968. A new golden mole from Somalia with an appendix on the taxonomy of the family Chrysochloridae (Mammalia, Insectivora). Monitore Zoologico Italiano, n. s., 2 (Supplemento): 27 - 55.", "Meester, J. A. J. 1974. Order Insectivora, Family Chrysochloridae. Part 1.3. Pp. 1 - 7, in The mammals of Africa: An identification manual (J. Meester and H. W. Setzer, eds.) [issued 10 Sep 1974]. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., not continuously paginated."]}
Generating API Parameter Security Rules with LLM for API Misuse Detection
Creators: name: Liu, Jinghua
name: Yang, Yi
name: Chen, Kai
name: Lin, Miaoqian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present a new framework, named GPTAid, for automatic APSRs generation by analyzing API source code with LLM and detecting API misuse caused by incorrect parameter use. To validate the correctness of the LLM-generated APSRs, we propose an execution feedback-checking approach based on the observation that security-critical API misuse is often caused by APSRs violations, and most of them result in runtime errors. Specifically, GPTAid first uses LLM to generate raw APSRs and the Right calling code, and then generates Violation code for each raw APSR by modifying the Right calling code using LLM. Subsequently, GPTAid performs dynamic execution on each piece of Violation code and further filters out the incorrect APSRs based on runtime errors. To further generate concrete APSRs, GPTAid employs a code differential analysis to refine the filtered ones. Particularly, as the programming language is more precise than natural language, GPTAid identifies the key operations within Violation code by differential analysis, and then generates the corresponding concrete APSR based on the aforementioned operations. These concrete APSRs could be precisely interpreted into applicable detection code, which proven to be effective in API misuse detection. Implementing on the dataset containing 200 randomly selected APIs from eight popular libraries, GPTAid achieves a precision of 92.3%. Moreover, it generates 6 times more APSRs than state-of-the-art detectors on a comparison dataset of previously reported bugs and APSRs. We further evaluated GPTAid on 47 applications, 210 unknown security bugs were found potentially resulting in severe security issues (e.g., system crashes), 150 of which have been confirmed by developers after our reports.
description: Accepted by NDSS Symposium 2025. Please cite this paper as "Jinghua Liu, Yi Yang, Kai Chen, and Miaoqian Lin. Generating API Parameter Security Rules with LLM for API Misuse Detection. In the 32nd Annual Network and Distributed System Security Symposium (NDSS 2025)
Cryptochloris wintoni
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Chrysochloridae
Cryptochloris
Cryptochloris wintoni

description: Cryptochloris wintoni (Broom, 1907). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 19:264. TYPE LOCALITY: South Africa, Little Namaqualand, Nolloth Prov. DISTRIBUTION: S.W. Cape Prov., Little Namaqualand (South Africa). ISIS NUMBER: 5301403004004001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 64, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
Cryptochloris zyli Shortridge and Carter 1938
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Chrysochloridae
Cryptochloris
Cryptochloris zyli

description: Cryptochloris zyli Shortridge and Carter, 1938. Ann. S. Afr. Mus., 32:284. TYPE LOCALITY: South Africa, West Cape Prov., Caompagnies Drift, 10 mi. (16 km) inland from Lamberts Bay. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. COMMENT: Considered a subspecies of wintoni by Ellerman et al., 1953:39. Considered morphologically separable; see Meester, 1974, Part 1.3:3.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 64, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
description: {"references": ["Meester, J. A. J. 1974. Order Insectivora, Family Chrysochloridae. Part 1.3. Pp. 1 - 7, in The mammals of Africa: An identification manual (J. Meester and H. W. Setzer, eds.) [issued 10 Sep 1974]. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., not continuously paginated."]}
The Midas Touch: Triggering the Capability of LLMs for RM-API Misuse Detection
Creators: name: Yang, Yi
name: Liu, Jinghua
name: Chen, Kai
name: Lin, Miaoqian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose an LLM-empowered RM-API misuse detection solution, ChatDetector, which fully automates LLMs for documentation understanding which helps RM-API constraints retrieval and RM-API misuse detection. To correctly retrieve the RM-API constraints, ChatDetector is inspired by the ReAct framework which is optimized based on Chain-of-Thought (CoT) to decompose the complex task into allocation APIs identification, RM-object (allocated/released by RM APIs) extraction and RM-APIs pairing (RM APIs usually exist in pairs). It first verifies the semantics of allocation APIs based on the retrieved RM sentences from API documentation through LLMs. Inspired by the LLMs' performance on various prompting methods,ChatDetector adopts a two-dimensional prompting approach for cross-validation. At the same time, an inconsistency-checking approach between the LLMs' output and the reasoning process is adopted for the allocation APIs confirmation with an off-the-shelf Natural Language Processing (NLP) tool. To accurately pair the RM-APIs, ChatDetector decomposes the task again and identifies the RM-object type first, with which it can then accurately pair the releasing APIs and further construct the RM-API constraints for misuse detection. With the diminished hallucinations, ChatDetector identifies 165 pairs of RM-APIs with a precision of 98.21% compared with the state-of-the-art API detectors. By employing a static detector CodeQL, we ethically report 115 security bugs on the applications integrating on six popular libraries to the developers, which may result in severe issues, such as Denial-of-Services (DoS) and memory corruption. Compared with the end-to-end benchmark method, the result shows that ChatDetector can retrieve at least 47% more RM sentences and 80.85% more RM-API constraints.
description: Accepted by NDSS Symposium 2025. Please cite this paper as "Yi Yang, Jinghua Liu, Kai Chen, Miaoqian Lin. The Midas Touch: Triggering the Capability of LLMs for RM-API Misuse Detection. In the 32nd Annual Network and Distributed System Security Symposium (NDSS 2025)."
Consciousness as a State of Matter
Creators: name: Tegmark, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the hypothesis that consciousness can be understood as a state of matter, "perceptronium", with distinctive information processing abilities. We explore five basic principles that may distinguish conscious matter from other physical systems such as solids, liquids and gases: the information, integration, independence, dynamics and utility principles. If such principles can identify conscious entities, then they can help solve the quantum factorization problem: why do conscious observers like us perceive the particular Hilbert space factorization corresponding to classical space (rather than Fourier space, say), and more generally, why do we perceive the world around us as a dynamic hierarchy of objects that are strongly integrated and relatively independent? Tensor factorization of matrices is found to play a central role, and our technical results include a theorem about Hamiltonian separability (defined using Hilbert-Schmidt superoperators) being maximized in the energy eigenbasis. Our approach generalizes Giulio Tononi's integrated information framework for neural-network-based consciousness to arbitrary quantum systems, and we find interesting links to error-correcting codes, condensed matter criticality, and the Quantum Darwinism program, as well as an interesting connection between the emergence of consciousness and the emergence of time.
description: Replaced to match accepted CSF version; discussion improved, typos corrected. 36 pages, 15 figs
Fermi liquid-like behaviour of cuprates in the pseudogap phase simulated via T-dependent electron-boson spectral density
Creators: name: Park, Hwiwoo
name: Hwang, Jungseek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the temperature- and frequency-dependent optical scattering rates in the pseudogap phase of cuprates using model pseudogap and electron-boson spectral density (EBSD) functions. We obtained the scattering rates at various temperatures below and above a given pseudogap temperature using a generalized Allen's (or Sharapov's) formula, which has been used to analyse the measured optical spectra of correlated electron systems with a non-constant density of states at finite temperatures. The pseudogap and EBSD functions should be temperature dependent to simulate the Fermi liquid-like behaviour of underdoped cuprate systems observed in optical studies. Therefore, the observed Fermi liquid-like behaviour can be understood by considering the combined contribution from the T-dependent EBSD function and the T-dependent pseudogap. We also obtained the optical conductivity spectra from the optical scattering rates and analyzed them to investigate intriguing electronic properties. We expect that our results will aid in understanding the Fermi liquid-like optical response in the pseudogap phase and in revealing the microscopic pairing mechanism for superconductivity in cuprates.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
Keys under doormats: mandating insecurity by requiring government access to all data and communications
Creators: name: Abelson, Hal
name: Anderson, Ross
name: Bellovin, Steven Michael
name: Benaloh, Josh
name: Blaze, Matt
name: Diffie, Whitfield
name: Gilmore, John
name: Green, Matthew
name: Landau, Susan
name: Neumann, Peter G.
name: Rivest, Ronald L.
name: Schiller, Jeffrey I.
name: Schneier, Bruce
name: Specter, Michael A.
name: Weitzner, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Computer networks--Security measures
Computer security
Internet--Security measures
Computer science

description: Twenty years ago, law enforcement organizations lobbied to require data and communication services to engineer their products to guarantee law enforcement access to all data. After lengthy debate and vigorous predictions of enforcement channels “going dark,” these attempts to regulate security technologies on the emerging Internet were abandoned. In the intervening years, innovation on the Internet flourished, and law enforcement agencies found new and more effective means of accessing vastly larger quantities of data. Today, there are again calls for regulation to mandate the provision of exceptional access mechanisms. In this article, a group of computer scientists and security experts, many of whom participated in a 1997 study of these same topics, has convened to explore the likely effects of imposing extraordinary access mandates. We have found that the damage that could be caused by law enforcement exceptional access requirements would be even greater today than it would have been 20 years ago. In the wake of the growing economic and social cost of the fundamental insecurity of today’s Internet environment, any proposals that alter the security dynamics online should be approached with caution. Exceptional access would force Internet system developers to reverse “forward secrecy” design practices that seek to minimize the impact on user privacy when systems are breached. The complexity of today’s Internet environment, with millions of apps and globally connected services, means that new law enforcement requirements are likely to introduce unanticipated, hard to detect security flaws. Beyond these and other technical vulnerabilities, the prospect of globally deployed exceptional access systems raises difficult problems about how such an environment would be governed and how to ensure that such systems would respect human rights and the rule of law.
Eremitalpa Roberts 1924
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Chrysochloridae
Eremitalpa

description: Eremitalpa Roberts, 1924. Ann. Transvaal Mus., 10:63. ISIS NUMBER: 5301403004005000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 64, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
Diminishing Return for Increased Mappability with Longer Sequencing Reads: Implications of the k-mer Distributions in the Human Genome
Creators: name: Li, Wentian
name: Freudenberg, Jan
name: Miramontes, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The amount of non-unique sequence (non-singletons) in a genome directly affects the difficulty of read alignment to a reference assembly for high throughput-sequencing data. Although a greater length increases the chance for reads being uniquely mapped to the reference genome, a quantitative analysis of the influence of read lengths on mappability has been lacking. To address this question, we evaluate the k-mer distribution of the human reference genome. The k-mer frequency is determined for k ranging from 20 to 1000 basepairs. We use the proportion of non-singleton k-mers to evaluate the mappability of reads for a corresponding read length. We observe that the proportion of non-singletons decreases slowly with increasing k, and can be fitted by piecewise power-law functions with different exponents at different k ranges. A faster decay at smaller values for k indicates more limited gains for read lengths > 200 basepairs. The frequency distributions of k-mers exhibit long tails in a power-law-like trend, and rank frequency plots exhibit a concave Zipf's curve. The location of the most frequent 1000-mers comprises 172 kilobase-ranged regions, including four large stretches on chromosomes 1 and X, containing genes with biomedical implications. Even the read length 1000 would be insufficient to reliably sequence these specific regions.
description: 5 figures
Deficiency of Pten accelerates mammary oncogenesis in MMTV-Wnt-1 transgenic mice
Creators: name: Li, Yi
name: Podsypanina, Katrina
name: Liu, Xiufan
name: Crane, Allison
name: Tan, Lee
name: Parsons, Ramon
name: Varmus, Harold
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Antioncogenes
Breast--Cancer
Breast--Cancer--Genetic aspects
Breast--Tumors
Breast--Cancer--Etiology
Carcinogenesis
Medicine
Oncology

description: Background: Germline mutations in the tumor suppressor PTEN predispose human beings to breast cancer, and genetic and epigenetic alterations of PTEN are also detected in sporadic human breast cancer. Germline Pten mutations in mice lead to the development of a variety of tumors, but mammary carcinomas are infrequently found, especially in mice under the age of six months. Results: To better understand the role of PTEN in breast tumor development, we have crossed Pten heterozygous mice to MMTV-Wnt-1 transgenic mice that routinely develop ductal carcinomas in the mammary gland. Female Wnt-1 transgenics heterozygous for Pten developed mammary tumors earlier than Wnt-1 transgenics that were wild type for Pten. In most tumors arising in Pten heterozygotes, the Pten wild-type allele was lost, suggesting that cells lacking Pten function have a growth advantage over cells retaining a wild type allele. Tumors with LOH contained high levels of activated AKT/PKB, a downstream target of the PTEN/PI3K pathway. Conclusions: An animal model has been developed in which the absence of Pten collaborates with Wnt-1 to induce ductal carcinoma in the mammary gland. This animal model may be useful for testing therapies specific for tumors deregulated in the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway.
Physical conditions in star forming regions around S235
Creators: name: Kirsanova, Maria S.
name: Wiebe, Dmitry S.
name: Sobolev, Andrej M.
name: Henkel, Christian
name: Tsivilev, Alexander P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gas density and temperature in star forming regions around Sh2-235 are derived from ammonia line observations. This information is used to evaluate formation scenarios and to determine evolutionary stages of the young embedded clusters S235 East1, S235 East2, and S235 Central. We also estimate the gas mass in the embedded clusters and its ratio to the stellar mass. S235 East1 appears to be less evolved than S235 East2 and S235 Central. In S235 East1 the molecular gas mass exceeds that in the other clusters. Also, this cluster is more embedded in the parent gas cloud than the other two. Comparison with a theoretical model shows that the formation of these three clusters could have been stimulated by the expansion of the Sh2-235 HII region (hereafter S235) via a collect-and-collapse process, provided the density in the surrounding gas exceeds $3\cdot10^3$ cm$^{-3}$, or via collapse of pre-existing clumps. The expansion of S235 cannot be responsible for star formation in the southern S235 A-B region. However, formation of the massive stars in this region might have been triggered by a large-scale supernova shock. Thus, triggered star formation in the studied region may come in three varieties, namely collect-and-collapse and collapse of pre-existing clumps, both initiated by expansion of the local HII regions, and triggering by an external large-scale shock. We argue that the C235 A HII region expands into a highly non-uniform medium with increasing density. It is too young to trigger star formation in its vicinity by a collect-and-collapse process. There is an age spread inside the S235 A-B region. Massive stars in the S235 A-B region are considerably younger than lower mass stars in the same area. This follows from the estimates of their ages and the ages of associated HII regions.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Effects of coupling constants on chaos of charged particles in the $Einstein-Æ$ ther theory
Creators: name: Liu, Caiyu
name: Wu, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are two free coupling parameters $c_{13}$ and $c_{14}$ in the Einstein-Æther metric describing a non-rotating black hole. This metric is the Reissner-Nordström black hole solution when $0\leq 2c_{13}
description: 19 pages, 10 figures
Eremitalpa granti
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Chrysochloridae
Eremitalpa
Eremitalpa granti

description: Eremitalpa granti (Broom, 1907). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 19:265. TYPE LOCALITY: South Africa, Little Namaqualand, Garies. DISTRIBUTION: S.W. Cape Prov., Little Namaqualand (South Africa); Namib Desert (Namibia). COMMENT: Includes cana as synonym and namibensis as a subspecies; see Meester, 1974, Part 1.3:4. ISIS NUMBER: 5301403004005001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 64, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
description: {"references": ["Meester, J. A. J. 1974. Order Insectivora, Family Chrysochloridae. Part 1.3. Pp. 1 - 7, in The mammals of Africa: An identification manual (J. Meester and H. W. Setzer, eds.) [issued 10 Sep 1974]. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., not continuously paginated."]}
The Feigin Tetrahedron
Creators: name: Rupel, Dylan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13F60, 17B37, 20G42

description: The first goal of this note is to extend the well-known Feigin homomorphisms taking quantum groups to quantum polynomial algebras. More precisely, we define generalized Feigin homomorphisms from a quantum shuffle algebra to quantum polynomial algebras which extend the classical Feigin homomorphisms along the embedding of the quantum group into said quantum shuffle algebra. In a recent work of Berenstein and the author, analogous extensions of Feigin homomorphisms from the dual Hall-Ringel algebra of a valued quiver to quantum polynomial algebras were defined. To relate these constructions, we establish a homomorphism, dubbed the quantum shuffle character, from the dual Hall-Ringel algebra to the quantum shuffle algebra which relates the generalized Feigin homomorphisms. These constructions can be compactly described by a commuting tetrahedron of maps beginning with the quantum group and terminating in a quantum polynomial algebra. The second goal in this project is to better understand the dual canonical basis conjecture for skew-symmetrizable quantum cluster algebras. In the symmetrizable types it is known that dual canonical basis elements need not have positive multiplicative structure constants, while this is still suspected to hold for skew-symmetrizable quantum cluster algebras. We propose an alternate conjecture for the symmetrizable types: the cluster monomials should correspond to irreducible characters of a KLR algebra. Indeed, the main conjecture of this note would establish this "KLR conjecture" for acyclic skew-symmetrizable quantum cluster algebras: that is, we conjecture that the images of rigid representations under the quantum shuffle character give irreducible characters for KLR algebras.
Floating Rate Notes Valuation Practical Guide
Creators: name: Xiao, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: floating rate note, floating rate bond, bond valuation model, variable rate bond

description: A floating rate note has variable coupons, depending on a money market reference rate, such as LIBOR, plus a floating spread. When interest rate raises, the coupons of an FRN increases in line with the increase of the forward rates, which means its price remains relatively constant. Therefore, FRNs bear small interest rate risk. On the other hand, FRNs carry lower yields than fixed rate bonds of the same maturity. They also have unpredictable coupon payments. The price of an FRN has very low sensitivity to changes in interest rates because the floating coupon increases but the discounting also increases as interest rate rises. An investor who wants conservative investments may choose floating rate bonds. FRNs become more popular when interest rates are expected to increase. An FRN carry lower yield than fixed rate bonds of the same maturity and has unpredictable coupon payments. This presentation gives an overview of FRNs valuation.
description: https://ia801501.us.archive.org/14/items/fi-frn-14/FiFrn-14.pdf
Floating Rate Notes Valuation Practical Guide
Creators: name: Xiao, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: floating rate note, floating rate bond, bond valuation model, variable rate bond

description: A floating rate note has variable coupons, depending on a money market reference rate, such as LIBOR, plus a floating spread. When interest rate raises, the coupons of an FRN increases in line with the increase of the forward rates, which means its price remains relatively constant. Therefore, FRNs bear small interest rate risk. On the other hand, FRNs carry lower yields than fixed rate bonds of the same maturity. They also have unpredictable coupon payments. The price of an FRN has very low sensitivity to changes in interest rates because the floating coupon increases but the discounting also increases as interest rate rises. An investor who wants conservative investments may choose floating rate bonds. FRNs become more popular when interest rates are expected to increase. An FRN carry lower yield than fixed rate bonds of the same maturity and has unpredictable coupon payments. This presentation gives an overview of FRNs valuation.
description: https://ia903406.us.archive.org/13/items/fi-frn-14/FiFrn-archive.pdf
A kernel-based PEM estimator for forward models
Creators: name: Fattore, Giulio
name: Peruzzo, Marco
name: Sartori, Giacomo
name: Zorzi, Mattia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper addresses the problem of learning the impulse responses characterizing forward models by means of a regularized kernel-based Prediction Error Method (PEM). The common approach to accomplish that is to approximate the system with a high-order stable ARX model. However, such choice induces a certain undesired prior information in the system that we want to estimate. To overcome this issue, we propose a new kernel-based paradigm which is formulated directly in terms of the impulse responses of the forward model and leading to the identification of a high-order MAX model. The most challenging step is the estimation of the kernel hyperparameters optimizing the marginal likelihood. The latter, indeed, does not admit a closed form expression. We propose a method for evaluating the marginal likelihood which makes possible the hyperparameters estimation. Finally, some numerical results showing the effectiveness of the method are presented.
Erinaceidae G. Fischer 1814
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Erinaceidae

description: Family Erinaceidae REVIEWED BY: G. B. Corbet (GBC); O. L. Rossolimo (OLR) (U.S. S. R.); R. G. Van Gelder (RGVG); S. Wang (SW) (China). COMMENT: Reviewed by Corbet, 1974, Part 1.4:1-3. ISIS NUMBER: 5301403005000000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
description: {"references": ["Corbet, G. B. 1974. Family Macroscelididae. Part 1.5, Pp. 1 - 6, in The mammals of Africa: An identification manual (J. Meester and H. W. Setzer, eds.) [issued 10 Sep 1974]. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., not continuously paginated."]}
Joint Limiting Distribution of Minima and Maxima of Complete and Incomplete Samples of Stationary Sequences
Creators: name: Hashorva, Enkelejd
name: Weng, Zhichao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G70, 60G10

description: In the seminal contribution [4] the joint weak convergence of maxima and minima of weakly dependent stationary sequences is derived under some mild asymptotic conditions. In this paper we address additionally the case of incomplete samples assuming that the average proportion of incompleteness converges in probability to some random variable. We show the joint weak convergence of the maxima and minima of both complete and incomplete samples. It turns out that for special cases, maxima and minima are asymptotically independent.