cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The simulation of loss of U ions due to charge changing processes in the CSRm ring
Creators: name: Zheng, Wenheng
name: Yang, Jiancheng
name: Li, Peng
name: Li, Zhongshan
name: Shang, Peng
name: Qu, Guofeng
name: Ge, Wenwen
name: Tang, Meitang
name: Sha, Xiaoping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Significant beam loss caused by the charge exchange processes and ions impact induced outgassing play a crucial role in the limitation of the maximum number of accumulated heavy ions during the high intensity operation in the accelerators. With the aim to control beam loss due to charge exchange processes and to confine the generated desorption gas, the tracking of the loss positions and installing the absorber blocks with low-desorption rate material at appropriate locations in the CSRm ring will be taken. The loss simulation of U ions having lost an electron will be presented in this report and the calculation of the collimation efficiency of the CSRm ring will be continued in the future.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
MPEC 2024-C30 : 2024 CB
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 CB

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Estimation under Model Misspecification with Fake Features
Creators: name: Hellkvist, Martin
name: Özçelikkale, Ayça
name: Ahlén, Anders
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider estimation under model misspecification where there is a model mismatch between the underlying system, which generates the data, and the model used during estimation. We propose a model misspecification framework which enables a joint treatment of the model misspecification types of having fake features as well as incorrect covariance assumptions on the unknowns and the noise. We present a decomposition of the output error into components that relate to different subsets of the model parameters corresponding to underlying, fake and missing features. Here, fake features are features which are included in the model but are not present in the underlying system. Under this framework, we characterize the estimation performance and reveal trade-offs between the number of samples, number of fake features, and the possibly incorrect noise level assumption. In contrast to existing work focusing on incorrect covariance assumptions or missing features, fake features is a central component of our framework. Our results show that fake features can significantly improve the estimation performance, even though they are not correlated with the features in the underlying system. In particular, we show that the estimation error can be decreased by including more fake features in the model, even to the point where the model is overparametrized, i.e., the model contains more unknowns than observations.
A probabilistic evolutionary optimization approach to compute quasiparticle braids
Creators: name: Santana, Roberto
name: McDonald, Ross B.
name: Katzgraber, Helmut G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Topological quantum computing is an alternative framework for avoiding the quantum decoherence problem in quantum computation. The problem of executing a gate in this framework can be posed as the problem of braiding quasiparticles. Because these are not Abelian, the problem can be reduced to finding an optimal product of braid generators where the optimality is defined in terms of the gate approximation and the braid's length. In this paper we propose the use of different variants of estimation of distribution algorithms to deal with the problem. Furthermore, we investigate how the regularities of the braid optimization problem can be translated into statistical regularities by means of the Boltzmann distribution. We show that our best algorithm is able to produce many solutions that approximates the target gate with an accuracy in the order of $10^{-6}$, and have lengths up to 9 times shorter than those expected from braids of the same accuracy obtained with other methods.
description: 9 pages,7 figures. Accepted at SEAL 2014
The LIVESTRONG Survivorship Center of Excellence Network
Creators: name: Orcena, Kathryn
name: Campell, Marci
name: Marcus, Alfred C.
name: Friedman, Debra
name: Ganz, Patricia A.
name: Syrjala, Karen L.
name: Shapiro, Charles L.
name: McCabe, Mary S.
name: Diller, Lisa
name: Jacobs, Linda A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The LIVESTRONG™ Survivorship Center of Excellence Network consists of eight National Cancer Institute-designated Comprehensive Cancer Centers funded by the LAF between 2004 and 2008. The Network was created to accelerate the pace of progress in addressing the needs of the growing survivor community.
Understanding biofilm development on diverse interfaces and controlled environments using novel microfluidic devices
Creators: name: Zhang, Ye
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401799
subject: Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Biofilms are ubiquitous structured communities of bacterial cells encased in a selfproduced polymeric matrix that protects the microorganisms from hostile physical and chemical environments that grow and respond to stimuli from internal biological processes and external environmental conditions. Biofilms can attach to different surface types and could be beneficial or detrimental depending on the microbial species and their growth. Among all the environmental factors, the interfaces in which biofilm grows play a critical role that directly affects how they thrive and interact with the environment. While there are many devices available to culture biofilm for in vitro studies, such as the microtiter plate, the Calgary Biofilm Device, the Center for Disease Control reactor, and the rotating disk reactor, most of these platforms are somewhat limited to the modelling of solid-liquid interface (SLI) biofilms, where the biofilms are attached to solid-rigid platforms submerged in liquid. Indeed, the environment in which biofilms thrive is diverse, and they could grow on air-liquid interface (ALI), liquidliquid interface (LLI), solid-air interface (SAI) etc. For example, biofilms found along the respiratory tracts and on the roots or leaves of plants are ALI biofilms, whereas biofilms in the urinary tract and on porous membranes that separate different media, such as those commonly found in wastewater treatment, can be best represented as LLI biofilm. Despite the plethora of scientific studies on biofilm, a detailed description of how biofilm develops on different interfaces in a well-controlled environment remains scarce. Being able to control the environment is important to meaningfully compare the different properties and growth patterns exhibited by the biofilm models developed on different interfaces. A device with an inclusive platform that enables the change in interfaces while allowing for the precise manipulation of growth conditions and environmental factors would also be useful and important to determine the efficacy of biofilm control methods accurately.The studies in this thesis have been broadly categorised into four sections, specifically: (1) the design and development of a microfluidic device that enables the use of different interfaces for biofilm culture, (2) the application of the microfluidic device for the dynamic control of environmental conditions to understand biofilm growth on different interfaces, (3) the design and development of a device that enables the real-time in situ electrochemical monitoring of biofilm growth, and (4) demonstration on how the aforementioned devices can be used to access the efficacy of novel drug formulations for treating biofilm.
Extended minimal theories of massive gravity
Creators: name: De Felice, Antonio
name: Mukohyama, Shinji
name: Pookkillath, Masroor C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we introduce a class of extended Minimal Theories of Massive Gravity (eMTMG), without requiring a priori that the theory should admit the same homogeneous and isotropic cosmological solutions as the de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley massive gravity. The theory is constructed as to have only two degrees of freedom in the gravity sector. In order to perform this step we first introduce a precursor theory endowed with a general graviton mass term, to which, at the level of the Hamiltonian, we add two extra constraints as to remove the unwanted degrees of freedom, which otherwise would typically lead to ghosts and/or instabilities. On analyzing the number of independent constraints and the properties of tensor mode perturbations, we see that the gravitational waves are the only propagating gravitational degrees of freedom which do acquire a non-trivial mass, as expected. In order to understand how the effective gravitational force works for this theory we then investigate cosmological scalar perturbations in the presence of a pressureless fluid. We then restrict the whole class of models by imposing the following conditions at all times: 1) it is possible to define an effective gravitational constant, $G_{\rm eff}$; 2) the value $G_{\text{eff}}/G_{N}$ is always finite but not always equal to unity (as to allow some non-trivial modifications of gravity, besides the massive tensorial modes); and 3) the square of mass of the graviton is always positive. These constraints automatically make also the ISW-effect contributions finite at all times. Finally we focus on a simple subclass of such theories, and show they already can give a rich and interesting phenomenology.
description: 20 pages+appendices, 1 figure
Modern Cosmology, an Amuse-Gueule
Creators: name: Schmitz, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This essay is a nontechnical primer for a broader audience, in which I paint a broad-brush picture of modern cosmology. I begin by reviewing the evidence for the big bang, including the expansion of our Universe, the cosmic microwave background, and the primordial abundances of the light elements. Next, I discuss how these and other cosmological observations can be well explained by means of the concordance model of cosmology, putting a particular emphasis on the composition of the cosmic energy budget in terms of visible matter, dark matter, and dark energy. This sets the stage for a short overview of the history of the Universe from the earliest moments of its existence all the way to the accelerated expansion at late times and beyond. Finally, I summarize the current status of the field, including the challenges it is currently facing such as the Hubble tension, and conclude with an outlook onto the bright future that awaits us in the coming years and decades. The text is complemented by an extensive bibliography serving as a guide for readers who wish to delve deeper.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures. Contribution to an upcoming book on cosmology that is going be published by Springer later this year. Comments welcome
Rethinking data-driven point spread function modeling with a differentiable optical model
Creators: name: Liaudat, Tobias
name: Starck, Jean-Luc
name: Kilbinger, Martin
name: Frugier, Pierre-Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In astronomy, upcoming space telescopes with wide-field optical instruments have a spatially varying point spread function (PSF). Specific scientific goals require a high-fidelity estimation of the PSF at target positions where no direct measurement of the PSF is provided. Even though observations of the PSF are available at some positions of the field of view (FOV), they are undersampled, noisy, and integrated into wavelength in the instrument's passband. PSF modeling represents a challenging ill-posed problem, as it requires building a model from degraded observations that can infer a super-resolved PSF at any wavelength and position in the FOV. Our model, coined WaveDiff, proposes a paradigm shift in the data-driven modeling of the point spread function field of telescopes. We change the data-driven modeling space from the pixels to the wavefront by adding a differentiable optical forward model into the modeling framework. This change allows the transfer of complexity from the instrumental response into the forward model. The proposed model relies on stochastic gradient descent to estimate its parameters. Our framework paves the way to building powerful, physically motivated models that do not require special calibration data. This paper demonstrates the WaveDiff model in a simplified setting of a space telescope. The proposed framework represents a performance breakthrough with respect to the existing state-of-the-art data-driven approach. The pixel reconstruction errors decrease 6-fold at observation resolution and 44-fold for a 3x super-resolution. The ellipticity errors are reduced at least 20 times, and the size error is reduced more than 250 times. By only using noisy broad-band in-focus observations, we successfully capture the PSF chromatic variations due to diffraction. Code available at https://github.com/tobias-liaudat/wf-psf.
description: Submitted. Without appendix: 42 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables
Implicit Conversion of Manifold B-Rep Solids by Neural Halfspace Representation
Creators: name: Guo, Hao-Xiang
name: Liu, Yang
name: Pan, Hao
name: Guo, Baining
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a novel implicit representation -- neural halfspace representation (NH-Rep), to convert manifold B-Rep solids to implicit representations. NH-Rep is a Boolean tree built on a set of implicit functions represented by the neural network, and the composite Boolean function is capable of representing solid geometry while preserving sharp features. We propose an efficient algorithm to extract the Boolean tree from a manifold B-Rep solid and devise a neural network-based optimization approach to compute the implicit functions. We demonstrate the high quality offered by our conversion algorithm on ten thousand manifold B-Rep CAD models that contain various curved patches including NURBS, and the superiority of our learning approach over other representative implicit conversion algorithms in terms of surface reconstruction, sharp feature preservation, signed distance field approximation, and robustness to various surface geometry, as well as a set of applications supported by NH-Rep.
description: Accepted to SIGGRAPH Asia 2022. Our supplemental material and code are available at https://guohaoxiang.github.io/projects/nhrep.html
An accurate lattice Boltzmann method for interface capturing
Creators: name: Liang, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurately solving phase interface plays a great role in modeling immiscible multiphase flow system. In this letter, we propose an accurate interface-capturing lattice Boltzmann method from the perspective of the modified Allen-Cahn equation (ACE). The modified ACE is built based on the commonly used conservative formulation via the relation between the signed-distance function and the order parameter also maintaining the mass-conserved characteristic. A suitable forcing term is carefully incorporated into the lattice Boltzmann equation for correctly recovering the target equation. We then test the proposed method by simulating a typical interface-tracking problem of single vortex and demonstrate that the present model can be more numerically accurate than the existing lattice Boltzmann models for the conservative ACE, especially at a small interface-thickness scale.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Are rural Ohio Appalachia cancer survivors needs different than urban cancer survivors?
Creators: name: Corbin, Sandy
name: Reiter, Paul L.
name: Shapiro, Charles L.
name: de Moor, Janet S.
name: Katz, Mira L.
name: Paskett, Electra D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Limited information is available about rural cancer survivors’ needs and if they differ from urban cancer survivors.
Trigonometric Parallaxes of Star Forming Regions in the Scutum Spiral Arm
Creators: name: Sato, M.
name: Wu, Y. W.
name: Immer, K.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Sanna, A.
name: Reid, M. J.
name: Dame, T. M.
name: Brunthaler, A.
name: Menten, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of trigonometric parallaxes for six high-mass star-forming regions in the Scutum spiral arm of the Milky Way as part of the BeSSeL Survey. Combining our measurements with 10 previous measurements from the BeSSeL Survey yields a total sample of 16 sources in the Scutum arm with trigonometric parallaxes in the Galactic longitude range from 5 deg to 32 deg. Assuming a logarithmic spiral model, we estimate a pitch angle of 19.8 (+/-3.1) deg for the Scutum arm, which is larger than pitch angles reported for other spiral arms. The high pitch angle of the arm may be due to the arm's proximity to the Galactic bar. The Scutum arm sources show an average peculiar motion of 4 km/s slower than the Galactic rotation and 8 km/s toward the Galactic center. While the direction of this non-circular motion has the same sign as determined for sources in other spiral arms, the motion toward the Galactic center is greater for the Scutum arm sources.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Development of a health-related website for parents of children receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplant: HSCT-CHESS
Creators: name: Mayer, Deborah K.
name: Parsons, S. K.
name: Ratichek, S.
name: Gustafson, D.
name: Berhe, H.
name: Stewart, S.
name: McTavish, F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Parents of pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) play a pivotal role in the care of their child during and after transplant. In addition to the child’s comforter, parents also serve as care coordinators and conduits of communication between various health care providers, family and community members. The stress on the parent and family is enormous during this process, which for many is compounded by geographic dislocation to accompany their child during the rigorous treatment and recovery process. For many parents, their own recovery spans months to years.
Neutrino Fluidity –  Part 4. ¨The Carriers of Coherence¨
Creators: name: Kirjonen, Miikka Markus
name: Kirjonen, Miikka Markus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Skyrmions
subject: magnons
subject: Phonons
subject: Phonons/classification
subject: Photons
subject: polaritons
subject: triplet
subject: entanglement
subject: Temporal Lobe
subject: temporal
subject: topological charge
subject: universal wavefunction
subject: Kagome-lattice excitations
subject: Dark matter
subject: dark matter
subject: neutrino excitation
subject: Neutrinos
subject: neutrino
subject: Neutrons
subject: quantum coherence
subject: Quantum physics
subject: Quantum optics
subject: Quantum Theory
subject: Quantum gases
subject: Quantum Dots/classification
subject: Quantum field theory
subject: Mass spectrometry
subject: Mass Spectrometry
subject: Specific Gravity
subject: Hamiltonian
subject: triplet state
subject: Topology
subject: Algebraic topology
subject: topology
subject: Fractals
subject: fractal mathematics
subject: super-conduction
subject: superfluid
subject: non-linear sigma model
subject: non-linear
subject: non-linear dynamics

description: The newly introduced topological interactions—centered on skyrmions and non-linear sigma models—further bolster the RSM claim that illusions of dimension, separation, and mass arise from vantage-limited 3D sampling of a single universal wavefunction meltdown.

By weaving Gamma and Delta as the entanglement catalyst and temporal arbiter, we see how fractal recursion pulses unify magnon, phonon, and cosmic neutrino excitations.

Skyrmions hold topological charge, ensuring continuity in meltdown-induced transformations.

Gamma magnifies quantum coherence, bridging vantage-limited illusions.

Delta organizes fractal time intervals, gating how meltdown emerges at each scale.

Extended Hamiltonians (featuring magnons, phonons, polaritons, and triplet states) reflect vantage-limited glimpses of the meltdown’s universal wavefunction.

Overall, these expansions highlight a single theme: topology plus fractal recursion equals stable synergy, enabling ephemeral illusions (dark matter lumps, neural conduction anomalies, Kagome-lattice excitations) to manifest seamlessly within vantage-limited 3D.
IRS-enabled Breath Tracking with Colocated Commodity WiFi Transceivers
Creators: name: Tewes, Simon
name: Heinrichs, Markus
name: Kronberger, Rainer
name: Sezgin, Aydin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) are a key enabler of various new applications in 6G smart radio environments. By utilizing an IRS prototype system, this paper aims to enhance self-interference (SI) cancellation for breath tracking with commodity WiFi devices. SI suppression is a crucial requirement for breath tracking with a single antenna site as the SI severely limits the radio sensing range by shadowing the received signal with its own transmit signal. To this end, we propose to assist SI cancellation by exploiting an IRS to form a suitable cancellation signal in the analog domain. Building upon a 256-element IRS prototype, we present results of breath tracking with IRS-assisted SI cancellation from a practical testbed. We use inexpensive WiFi hardware to extract the Channel State Information (CSI) in the 5~GHz band and analyze the phase change between a colocated transmitter and receiver with added local oscillator (LO) synchronization. We are able to track the breath of a test person regardless of the position in an indoor environment in a room-level range. The presented case study shows promising performance in both capturing the breath frequency as well as the breathing patterns.
description: Submitted to IEEE Internet of Things Journal
Nonadiabatic transition paths from quantum jump trajectories
Creators: name: Anderson, Michelle C.
name: Schile, Addison J.
name: Limmer, David T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a means of studying rare reactive pathways in open quantum systems using Transition Path Theory and ensembles of quantum jump trajectories. This approach allows for elucidation of reactive paths for dissipative, nonadiabatic dynamics when the system is embedded in a Markovian environment. We detail the dominant pathways and rates of thermally activated processes, as well as the relaxation pathways and photoyields following vertical excitation in a minimal model of a conical intersection. We find that the geometry of the conical intersection affects the electronic character of the transition state, as defined through a generalization of a committor function for a thermal barrier crossing event. Similarly, the geometry changes the mechanism of relaxation following a vertical excitation. Relaxation in models resulting from small diabatic coupling proceed through pathways dominated by pure dephasing, while those with large diabatic coupling proceed through pathways limited by dissipation. The perspective introduced here for the nonadiabatic dynamics of open quantum systems generalizes classical notions of reactive paths to fundamentally quantum mechanical processes.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures, small revisions throughout
Damping effects in hole-doped graphene: the relaxation-time approximation
Creators: name: Kupcic, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical conductivity of interacting multiband electronic systems derived in Ref.[1] is shown to be consistent with the general form of the Ward identity. Using the semiphenomenological form of this conductivity formula, we have demonstrated that the relaxation-time approximation can be used to describe the damping effects in weakly interacting multiband systems only if local charge conservation in the system and gauge invariance of the response theory are properly treated. Such a gauge-invariant response theory is illustrated on the common tight-binding model for conduction electrons in hole-doped graphene. The model predicts two distinctly resolved maxima in the energy-loss-function spectra. The first one corresponds to the intraband plasmons (usually called the Dirac plasmons). On the other hand, the second maximum ($π$ plasmon structure) is simply a consequence of the van Hove singularity in the single-electron density of states. The dc resistivity and the real part of the dynamical conductivity are found to be well described by the relaxation-time approximation, but only in the parametric space in which the damping is dominated by the direct scattering processes. The ballistic transport and the damping of Dirac plasmons are thus the questions that require abandoning the relaxation-time approximation.
Planckian Dissipation and non-Ginzburg-Landau Type Upper Critical Field in Bi2201
Creators: name: Zang, Qihao
name: Zhu, Zhengyan
name: Xu, Zuyu
name: Qi, Shichao
name: Ji, Haoran
name: Li, Yiwen
name: Wang, Jian
name: Luo, Huiqian
name: Wang, Hua-Bing
name: Wen, Hai-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resistivity and Hall effect measurements have been carried out on a micro-fabricated bridge of Bi2201 single crystal at low temperatures down to 0.4 K under high magnetic fields. When superconductivity is crashed by a high magnetic field, the recovered "normal state" resistivity still shows a linear temperature dependence in low temperature region. Combining with the effective mass and the charge carrier density, we get a linear scattering rate $1/τ= αk_{B} T/\hbar$ with $0.77<α<1.16$, which gives a strong evidence of the Planckian dissipation. Furthermore, our results reveal a new type of temperature dependence of upper critical field, $H_{c2}(T)=H^*\sqrt{(1-t)/(t+0.154)}$, which is totally different from the expectation of the Ginzburg-Landau theory, and suggests uncondensed Cooper pairs above $H_{c2}(T)$ line.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Kernel-Based Generalized Median Computation for Consensus Learning
Creators: name: Nienkötter, Andreas
name: Jiang, Xiaoyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computing a consensus object from a set of given objects is a core problem in machine learning and pattern recognition. One popular approach is to formulate it as an optimization problem using the generalized median. Previous methods like the Prototype and Distance-Preserving Embedding methods transform objects into a vector space, solve the generalized median problem in this space, and inversely transform back into the original space. Both of these methods have been successfully applied to a wide range of object domains, where the generalized median problem has inherent high computational complexity (typically $\mathcal{NP}$-hard) and therefore approximate solutions are required. Previously, explicit embedding methods were used in the computation, which often do not reflect the spatial relationship between objects exactly. In this work we introduce a kernel-based generalized median framework that is applicable to both positive definite and indefinite kernels. This framework computes the relationship between objects and its generalized median in kernel space, without the need of an explicit embedding. We show that the spatial relationship between objects is more accurately represented in kernel space than in an explicit vector space using easy-to-compute kernels, and demonstrate superior performance of generalized median computation on datasets of three different domains. A software toolbox resulting from our work is made publicly available to encourage other researchers to explore the generalized median computation and applications.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, 7 tables
Measuring the impact of cancer: a comparison of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and breast cancer survivors
Creators: name: Smith, Sophia K.
name: Zimmerman, Sheryl
name: Crespi, Catherine M.
name: Petersen, Laura
name: Ganz, Patricia A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: IntroductionSelf-report instruments such as the Impact of Cancer (IOC) are designed to measure quality of life (QOL) impacts that cancer survivors attribute to their cancer experience. Generalizability of QOL findings across distinct diagnostic categories of survivors is untested. We compare measurement of the impact of cancer using the IOC instrument in breast cancer (BC) survivors (n = 1,188) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) survivors (n = 652).MethodsA registry-based sample of NHL survivors completed the IOC questionnaire and the FACT-G, FACT-LYM, Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) SF-36, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version, Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory and MOS Social Support scales. IOC responses of the NHL survivors were subjected to de novo scaling to identify impact domains for comparison to IOC version 2 (IOCv2) domains, which were previously developed based on BC survivor responses. Concurrent validity was assessed by correlating the IOCv2 scales with the other measures. IOCv2 scores were compared between the BC and NHL survivor samples.ResultsThe BC and NHL survivors exhibited similar impact domains and had factor structures that were largely congruent. The concurrent validity analysis revealed patterns of association that supported the interpretation and validity of the IOCv2 scales. Differences in IOCv2 scores between the BC and NHL groups suggested differential impacts in distinct survivor groups that could be detected using the IOCv2.ConclusionThe results suggest that the IOCv2 measures common and important survivor concerns and support its generalizability to the broader long-term cancer survivor population.Implications for Cancer SurvivorsInstruments such as the IOCv2 can provide valid assessment of QOL impacts in long-term cancer survivors, facilitating the characterization of these impacts and development of appropriate interventions.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11764-009-0106-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Conductivity noise study of the insulator-metal transition and phase co-existence in epitaxial samarium nickelate thin films
Creators: name: Sahoo, Anindita
name: Ha, Sieu D.
name: Ramanathan, Shriram
name: Ghosh, Arindam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interaction between the lattice and the orbital degrees of freedom not only makes rare-earth nickelates unusually "bad metal", but also introduces a temperature driven insulator-metal phase transition. Here we investigate this insulator-metal phase transition in thin films of $\mathrm{SmNiO_3}$ using the slow time dependent fluctuations (noise) in resistivity. The normalized magnitude of noise is found to be extremely large, being nearly eight orders of magnitude higher than thin films of common disordered metallic systems, and indicates electrical conduction via classical percolation in a spatially inhomogeneous medium. The higher order statistics of the fluctuations indicate a strong non-Gaussian component of noise close to the transition, attributing the inhomogeneity to co-existence of the metallic and insulating phases. Our experiment offers a new insight on the impact of lattice-orbital coupling on the microscopic mechanism of electron transport in the rare-earth nickelates.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Topolectrical-circuit realization of quadrupolar surface semimetals
Creators: name: Zheng, Xingen
name: Chen, Tian
name: Zhang, Xiangdong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies have shown that there are two types of topological quadrupolar semimetals. One is the quadrupolar bulk semimetal, which is a conventional semimetal with gapless nodes in the bulk spectrum. The other type is named the quadrupolar surface semimetal, possessing a gapped bulk but gapless nodes on the surface spectrum. There have been many experiments on the implementation of quadrupolar bulk semimetals. However, the quadrupolar surface semimetal has never been realized. Here we report on the experimental realization of the quadrupolar surface semimetal in the circuit system. To highlight the properties of the quadrupolar surface semimetal, we also prepare a quadrupolar bulk semimetal in the circuit as a contrast. It has been demonstrated that the quadrupolar surface semimetal has a bulk band gap, but two gapless nodes appear on the surfaces. Also, the electrons not only concentrate on the hinges but also on the corresponding surfaces. Our studies provide novel ways to control electrical signals and may have potential applications in the field of intergraded circuit design.
MR-based quantitative measurement of human soft tissue internal strains for pressure ulcer prevention
Creators: name: Trebbi, Alessio
name: Mukhina, Ekaterina
name: Rohan, Pierre-Yves
name: Connesson, Nathanaël
name: Bailet, Mathieu
name: Perrier, Antoine
name: Payan, Yohan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pressure ulcers are a severe disease affecting patients that are bedridden or in a wheelchair bound for long periods of time. These wounds can develop in the deep layers of the skin of specific parts of the body, mostly on heels or sacrum, making them hard to detect in their early stages. Strain levels have been identified as a direct danger indicator for triggering pressure ulcers. Prevention could be possible with the implementation of subject-specific Finite Element (FE) models. However, generation and validation of such FE models is a complex task, and the current implemented techniques offer only a partial solution of the entire problem considering only external displacements and pressures, or cadaveric samples. In this paper, we propose an in vivo solution based on the 3D non-rigid registration between two Magnetic Resonance (MR) images, one in an unloaded configuration and the other deformed by means of a plate or an indenter. From the results of the image registration, the displacement field and subsequent strain maps for the soft tissues were computed. An extensive study, considering different cases (on heel pad and sacrum regions) was performed to evaluate the reproducibility and accuracy of the results obtained with this methodology.The implemented technique can give insight for several applications. It adds a useful tool for better understanding the propagation of deformations in the heel soft tissues that could generate pressure ulcers. This methodology can be used to obtain data on the material properties of the soft tissues to define constitutive laws for FE simulations and finally it offers a promising technique for validating FE models.
Age-morphology dependence of the Milky Way boxy/peanut bulge seen in Mira variables
Creators: name: Semczuk, Marcin
name: Dehnen, Walter
name: Schoenrich, Ralph
name: Athanassoula, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the distribution of Mira variable stars in the central region of the Milky Way. We find that with increasing period, i.e. decreasing age, the Miras shift towards negative Galactic longitudes $\ell$. Comparing to a cosmological zoom simulation of a barred galaxy, we find that this shift with age can be explained by an age-morphology dependence of the boxy peanut/bulge. Owing to a combination of projection effects and the limitation of the range of Galactic longitudes, the near hump at $\ell>0$ is more truncated for younger populations, and the far hump at $\ell<0$ dominates the observed distributions.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Mediators of fruit and vegetable consumption among colorectal cancer survivors
Creators: name: Ko, Linda K.
name: Earp, JoAnne
name: Campbell, Marci K.
name: Lewis, Megan A.
name: DeVellis, Brenda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Due to early detection and treatment, survival from colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis has been steadily increasing. A CRC diagnosis could be considered a “teachable moment,” a time when interventionists might successfully promote dietary changes. CRC interventions with tailored print communication (TPC) and telephone motivational interviewing (TMI) have been shown to be effective in promoting fruit and vegetable consumption (FVC) among CRC survivors. However, little is known about how these interventions work to exert their effect. This study investigated whether information processes mediate the relationship between a CRC intervention and FVC among CRC survivors.
The emission probabilities of long range alpha particles from even-even 244-252Cm isotopes
Creators: name: Santhosh, K. P.
name: Krishnan, Sreejith
name: Priyanka, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The alpha accompanied cold ternary fission of even-even 244Cm, 246Cm, 248Cm, 250Cm and 252Cm isotopes have been studied by taking the interacting barrier as the sum of Coulomb and proximity potential with the fragments in equatorial configuration. The favorable fragment combinations are obtained from the cold reaction valley plot and by calculating the relative yield for the charge minimized fragments. In the alpha accompanied ternary fission of 244Cm isotope, the highest yield is found for the fragment combination 110Ru+4He+130Sn, which possess near doubly magic nuclei 130Sn. For the ternary fission of 246Cm, 248Cm, 250Cm and 252Cm isotopes with 4He as light charged particle, the highest yield is obtained for the fragment combination with doubly magic nuclei 132Sn as the heavier fragment. The emission probabilities and kinetic energies of long range alpha particle have been computed for the 242,244,246,248Cm isotopes and are found to be in good agreement with the experimental data. The relative yields for the 4He accompanied ternary fission (equatorial and collinear) of 242-252Cm isotopes are compared with the corresponding yield for binary fission. The effect of deformation and orientation of fragments in the 4He accompanied ternary fission of 244-252Cm isotopes are studied. Our study reveals that the ground state deformation has an important role in the alpha accompanied ternary fission as that of shell effect.
description: 44 pages, 21 figures
Generating Upper-Body Motion for Real-Time Characters Making their Way through Dynamic Environments
Creators: name: Alvarado, Eduardo
name: Rohmer, Damien
name: Cani, Marie-Paule
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Real-time character animation in dynamic environments requires the generation of plausible upper-body movements regardless of the nature of the environment, including non-rigid obstacles such as vegetation. We propose a flexible model for upper-body interactions, based on the anticipation of the character's surroundings, and on antagonistic controllers to adapt the amount of muscular stiffness and response time to better deal with obstacles. Our solution relies on a hybrid method for character animation that couples a keyframe sequence with kinematic constraints and lightweight physics. The dynamic response of the character's upper-limbs leverages antagonistic controllers, allowing us to tune tension/relaxation in the upper-body without diverging from the reference keyframe motion. A new sight model, controlled by procedural rules, enables high-level authoring of the way the character generates interactions by adapting its stiffness and reaction time. As results show, our real-time method offers precise and explicit control over the character's behavior and style, while seamlessly adapting to new situations. Our model is therefore well suited for gaming applications.
Pseudo standard entanglement structure cannot be distinguished from standard entanglement structure
Creators: name: Arai, Hayato
name: Hayashi, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An experimental verification of the maximally entangled state ensures that the constructed state is close to the maximally entangled state, but it does not guarantee that the state is exactly the same as the maximally entangled state. Further, the entanglement structure is not uniquely determined in general probabilistic theories even if we impose that the local subsystems are fully equal to quantum systems. Therefore, the existence of the maximally entangled state depends on whether the standard entanglement structure is valid. To examine this issue, we introduce pseudo standard entanglement structure as a structure of quantum composite system under natural assumptions based on the existence of projective measurements and the existence of approximations of all maximally entangled standard states. Surprisingly, there exist infinitely many pseudo standard entanglement structures different from the standard entanglement structure. In our setting, any maximally entangled state can be arbitrarily approximated by an entangled state that belongs to our obtained pseudo standard entanglement structure. That is, experimental verification does not exclude the possibility of our obtained pseudo standard entanglement structure that is different from the standard entanglement structure. On the other hand, such pseudo structures never possess global unitary symmetry, i.e., global unitary symmetry is essential condition for the standard entanglement structure.
description: The previous version contains two wrong statements (Theorem3 and existence of G-symmetric self-dual models in the previous version). In order to replace them with correct statements, we revise mainly the following three points from the previous version. 1. Definition of pseudo standard entanglement structure. 2. Construction of our examples. 3. Statements and proofs for discrimination
Adult cancer survivorship care: experiences from the LIVESTRONG centers of excellence network
Creators: name: Golden, Shannon
name: Kaye, Leanne
name: Campbell, Marci K.
name: Syrjala, Karen
name: Valle, Carmina G.
name: McCabe, Mary S.
name: Ganz, Patricia A.
name: Gellin, Mindy
name: Tessaro, Irene
name: Anderson, Barbara
name: Jacobs, Linda A.
name: Jones, Alison F.
name: Miller, Kenneth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The objectives of this study were to characterize survivorship models of care across eight LIVESTRONG Survivorship Center of Excellence (COE) Network sites and to identify barriers and facilitators influencing survivorship care.
Real-Time Locomotion on Soft Grounds With Dynamic Footprints
Creators: name: Alvarado, Eduardo
name: Paliard, Chloé
name: Rohmer, Damien
name: Cani, Marie-Paule
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When we move on snow, sand, or mud, the ground deforms under our feet, immediately affecting our gait. We propose a physically based model for computing such interactions in real time, from only the kinematic motion of a virtual character. The force applied by each foot on the ground during contact is estimated from the weight of the character, its current balance, the foot speed at the time of contact, and the nature of the ground. We rely on a standard stress-strain relationship to compute the dynamic deformation of the soil under this force, where the amount of compression and lateral displacement of material are, respectively, parameterized by the soil's Young modulus and Poisson ratio. The resulting footprint is efficiently applied to the terrain through procedural deformations of refined terrain patches, while the addition of a simple controller on top of a kinematic character enables capturing the effect of ground deformation on the character's gait. As our results show, the resulting footprints greatly improve visual realism, while ground compression results in consistent changes in the character's motion. Readily applicable to any locomotion gait and soft soil material, our real-time model is ideal for enhancing the visual realism of outdoor scenes in video games and virtual reality applications.
Engaging African American breast cancer survivors in an intervention trial: culture, responsiveness and community
Creators: name: Vines, Anissa I.
name: Alexander, G. Rumay
name: Green, Melissa
name: Jenerette, Coretta
name: Baker, Carol
name: Germino, Barbara B.
name: Long, Debra G.
name: Mishel, Merle H.
name: Blyler, Diane
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Younger breast cancer survivors often lead extremely busy lives with multiple demands and responsibilities, making them difficult to recruit into clinical trials. African American women are even more difficult to recruit because of additional historical and cultural barriers. In a randomized clinical trial of an intervention, we successfully used culturally informed, population-specific recruitment and retention strategies to engage younger African-American breast cancer survivors.