cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dispersive magnetic excitations in the S=1 antiferromagnet Ba$_3$Mn$_2$O$_8$
Creators: name: Stone, M. B.
name: Lumsden, M. D.
name: Qiu, Y.
name: Samulon, E. C.
name: Batista, C. D.
name: Fisher, I. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present powder inelastic neutron scattering measurements of the S=1 dimerized antiferromagnet Ba$_3$Mn$_2$O$_8$. The $T=1.4$ K magnetic spectrum exhibits a spin-gap of $Δ\approx 1.0$ meV and a dispersive spectrum with a bandwidth of approximately 1.5 meV. Comparison to coupled dimer models describe the dispersion and scattering intensity accurately and determine the exchange constants in Ba$_3$Mn$_2$O$_8$. The wave vector dependent scattering intensity confirms the proposed S=1 dimer bond. Temperature dependent measurements of the magnetic excitations indicate the presence of both singlet-triplet and thermally activated triplet-quintet excitations.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, Submitted to Physical Review B, Resubmited version
Metric bundles of split signature and type II supergravity
Creators: name: Witt, Frederik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C07, 53C10, 53C25, 53C27, 83E50

description: We study the geometry of type II supergravity compactifications in terms of an oriented vector bundle $E$, endowed with a bundle metric of split signature and further datum. The geometric structure is associated with a so-called generalised $G$-structure and characterised by an $E$-spinor $ρ$, which we can regard as a differential form of mixed degree. This enables us to reformulate the field equations of type II supergravity as an integrability condition of type $d_Hρ=0$, where $d_H=d+H\wedge$ is the twisted differential on forms. Finally, we investigate some geometric properties of integrable structures and formulate various no-go theorems.
description: 40 pages
Measuring Dark Matter in Galaxies: The Mass Fraction Within 5 Effective Radii
Creators: name: Harris, William E.
name: Remus, Rhea-Silvia
name: Harris, Gretchen L. H.
name: Babyk, Iurii V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large galaxies may contain an "atmosphere" of hot interstellar X-ray gas, and the temperature and radial density profile of this gas can be used to measure the total mass of the galaxy contained within a given radius r. We use this technique for 102 early-type galaxies (ETGs) with stellar masses M_* > 10^10 M_Sun, to evaluate the mass fraction of dark matter (DM) within the fiducial radius r = 5 r_e, denoted f_5 = f_{DM}(5r_e). On average, these systems have a median f_5 = 0.8 - 0.9 with a typical galaxy-to-galaxy scatter +-0.15. Comparisons with mass estimates made through the alternative techniques of satellite dynamics (e.g. velocity distributions of globular clusters, planetary nebulae, satellite dwarfs) as well as strong lensing show encouraging consistency over the same range of stellar mass. We find that many of the disk galaxies (S0/SA0/SB0) have a significantly higher mean $f_5$ than do the pure ellipticals, by Delta f_5 = 0.1. We suggest that this higher level may be a consequence of sparse stellar haloes and quieter histories with fewer major episodes of feedback or mergers. Comparisons are made with the Magneticum Pathfinder suite of simulations for both normal and centrally dominant "Brightest Cluster" galaxies. Though the observed data exhibit somewhat larger scatter at a given galaxy mass than do the simulations, the mean level of DM mass fraction for all classes of galaxies is in good first-order agreement with the simulations. Lastly, we find that the group galaxies with stellar masses near M_* ~ 10^11 M_Sun have relatively more outliers at low $f_5$ than in other mass ranges, possibly the result of especially effective AGN feedback in that mass range leading to expansion of their dark matter halos.
description: In press for the Astrophysical Journal
On Deformations and Contractions of Lie Algebras
Creators: name: Fialowski, Alice
name: de Montigny, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this contributed presentation, we discuss and compare the mutually opposite procedures of deformations and contractions of Lie algebras. We suggest that with appropriate combinations of both procedures one may construct new Lie algebras. We first discuss low-dimensional Lie algebras and illustrate thereby that whereas for every contraction there exists a reverse deformation, the converse is not true in general. Also we note that some Lie algebras belonging to parameterized families are singled out by the irreversibility of deformations and contractions. After reminding that global deformations of the Witt, Virasoro, and affine Kac-Moody algebras allow one to retrieve Lie algebras of Krichever-Novikov type, we contract the latter to find new infinite dimensional Lie algebras.
description: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
Inertial fusion without compression does not work either with or without nanoplasmonics
Creators: name: Foldes, Istvan B
name: Pokol, Gergo I
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recently published scheme for inertial fusion based on instantaneous heating of an uncompressed fuel is criticized. It is shown that efficient fusion and time-like fusion burn propagation cannot be realized due to the low nuclear reaction cross-sections. The suggested use of nanospheres inside the volume of the target to support the fast heating of the fuel is also questioned.
description: 3 pages
Ni Zan and his associates
Creators: name: Li, Jin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Ni Zan (1301-1374) has been regarded as the paragon of Chinese scholar-painter since the Ming dynasty (1368-1644) by critics and scholars. He was praised as one of the four great masters of the Yuan dynasty (1279-1368). He was also an accomplished poet. His paintings are characterized by highly generalized simple compositions with minimal use of dry-ink brushstrokes. Stories and legends about his lofty personality and obsession for cleanliness were written by his contemporaries. Most of contemporary studies of Ni Zan tend to follow the conventional Chinese biographical approach, sometimes isolating the artist from his contexts. Ni Zan's internal aspects such as his personality, genius in art are over stressed while the external aspects such as the historical context and his associations with people around him have not received enough attention. This paper attempts to reconstruct a contextual picture, making the connections between some aspects of Ni Zan's art with the historical facts of his time and his social relationships with some important scholars and artists to explain the development of his landscape painting. Ni Zan lived in the Jiangnan region from the mid-Yuan to the beginning of the Ming. Born in one of the wealthiest families in Jiangnan, he engaged his time and energy in studying of art and literature, participating in and hosting literati activities in his earlier half life. During this period his associations with some of the important scholars and painters. For instance, Zhang Yu (1283-1350) and Huang Gongwang (1269-1354) had great impact on him in the formation of his aesthetic taste and in the direction of his style. As the results of natural disasters and political power struggling, there was an out-break of bandits throughout the nation in the early 1350s. Facing financial difficulties and increased taxation, Ni Zan longed for dedicating himself to the arts. He chose to leave his family and estate behind, and began his second period of life as a wandering scholar painter in 1352. The dramatic change in life style also brought alternation in his associations, which prompted the artist to view his art and his relationship with other literati from a new perspective. He found his distinctive style in landscape painting and produced his best works in the following two decades. The writings of Ni Zan and his contemporaries, be it a poem or inscription on a painting, provide the evidence of political and social contexts of his time, reveal Ni Zan's views on art and literature, and tell us about the artist and his life. By reviewing some of his works and other sources, I argue that both Ni Zan and his art were the products of his time. Without the influences from his associates, especially in his earlier career, he would not have become the artist he did. Nor would he have developed and established his personal style.
The Awakening Beast in the Seyfert 1 Galaxy KUG 1141+371 I
Creators: name: Jiang, Jiachen
name: Cheng, Huaqing
name: Gallo, Luigi C.
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Buisson, Douglas J. K.
name: Fabian, Andrew C.
name: Harrison, Fiona A.
name: Parker, Michael L.
name: Reynolds, Christopher S.
name: Steiner, James F.
name: Tomsick, John A.
name: Walton, Dominic J.
name: Yuan, Weimin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: KUG 1141+371 is a Seyfert 1 galaxy that shows a simultaneous flux increase in the optical and UV bands in the past decade. For instance, the latest Swift observation in 2019 shows that the UVW2 flux of the AGN in KUG 1141+371 has increased by over one order of magnitude since 2009. Meanwhile, the soft X-ray flux of KUG 1141+371 also shows a steady increase by one order of magnitude since 2007. The significant multi-wavelength luminosity change is likely due to a boost of mass accretion rate from approximately 0.6% of the Eddington limit to 3.2%, assuming a black hole mass of $10^{8}M_{\odot}$. In this work, we conduct detailed multi-epoch X-ray spectral analysis focusing on the variability of the X-ray continuum emission and the puzzling soft excess emission. In addition, our SED models also suggest a simultaneous increase of disc temperature and a decreasing inner disc radius along with the increasing accretion rate. Finally, we discuss possible connection between KUG 1141+371 and black hole transients in outburst.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Agricultural and Water-Quality Conflicts: Economic Dimensions of the Problem
Creators: name: Crutchfield, Steve
name: Hansen, LeRoy
name: Ribaudo, Marc
name: Crutchfield, Steve
name: Hansen, LeRoy
name: Ribaudo, Marc
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: Modern farm production practices, which use agricultural chemicals, benefit consumers through lower prices and increased output. Consequences of agricultural production, however, such as soil erosion, chemical run off and leaching, and wetlands conversion, may impair surface and ground water quality. These off-farm water-quality effects impose costs on society, including damage to fish and wildlife resources, costs of avoiding potential health hazards and preserving natural environments, and lost recreational opportunities. This report summarizes conflicts between agricultural production and water quality and discusses policies that stress the use of economic and technical assistance incentives to encourage adoption of pollution-reducing farming practices.
Multiple charging of InAs/GaAs quantum dots by electrons or holes: addition energies and ground-state configurations
Creators: name: He, Lixin
name: Zunger, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomistic pseudopotential plus configuration interaction calculations of the energy needed to charge dots by either electrons or holes are described, and contrasted with the widely used, but highly simplified two-dimensional parabolic effective mass approximation (2D-EMA). Substantial discrepancies are found, especially for holes, regarding the stable electronic configuration and filling sequence which defies both Hund's rule and the Aufbau principle.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Stability of semiclassical gravity solutions with respect to quantum metric fluctuations
Creators: name: Hu, B. L.
name: Roura, Albert
name: Verdaguer, Enric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the stability of semiclassical gravity solutions with respect to small quantum corrections by considering the quantum fluctuations of the metric perturbations around the semiclassical solution. We call the attention to the role played by the symmetrized two-point quantum correlation function for the metric perturbations, which can be naturally decomposed into two separate contributions: intrinsic and induced fluctuations. We show that traditional criteria on the stability of semiclassical gravity are incomplete because these criteria based on the linearized semiclassical Einstein equation can only provide information on the expectation value and the intrinsic fluctuations of the metric perturbations. By contrast, the framework of stochastic semiclassical gravity provides a more complete and accurate criterion because it contains information on the induced fluctuations as well. The Einstein-Langevin equation therein contains a stochastic source characterized by the noise kernel (the symmetrized two-point quantum correlation function of the stress tensor operator) and yields stochastic correlation functions for the metric perturbations which agree, to leading order in the large N limit, with the quantum correlation functions of the theory of gravity interacting with N matter fields. These points are illustrated with the example of Minkowski spacetime as a solution to the semiclassical Einstein equation, which is found to be stable under both intrinsic and induced fluctuations.
description: 10 pages, REVTeX. Contribution to the proceedings of the 8th Peyresq meeting
Dimerization and spin-decoupling in two-leg Heisenberg ladder with frustrated trimer rungs
Creators: name: Weichselbaum, Andreas
name: Yin, Weiguo
name: Tsvelik, Alexei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the antiferromagnetic spin-half Heisenberg ladder in the presence of an additional frustrating rung spin which is motivated and relevant also for the description of real two-dimensional materials such as the two-dimensional trimer magnet Ba$_4$Ir$_3$O$_{10}$. We study the zero-temperature phase diagram, where we combine numerical and analytical methods into an overall consistent description. All numerical simulations are also accompanied by studies of the dynamical spin structure factor obtained via the density matrix renormalization group. Overall, we find in the regime of strong rung coupling a gapped dimerized phase related to competing symmetry sectors in Hilbert space that ultimately results in frustration-driven spin-Peierls transition. In the weak rung-coupling regime, the system is uniform, yet shows a gapped spinon continuum together with a sharp coherent low-energy branch which renders the system critical overall. In either case, the additional rung spin quickly get sidelined and nearly decouple once their bare coupling to the ladder drops somewhat below the direct Heisenberg coupling of the legs.
description: 14 + 3 pages, 13 figures; fixes of typos and minor textual changes
The Nucleon Elastic Form Factors
Creators: name: Day, Donal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nucleon elastic form factors are of fundamental interest, provide a unique testing ground for QCD motivated models of nucleon structure and are of critical importance to our understanding of the electromagnetic properties of nuclei. Even after an experimental effort spanning nearly 50 years the nucleon form factors are still the subject of active investigation. Advances in polarized beams, polarized targets and recoil polarimetry have been exploited over the last decade to produce an important and precise set of data. I review the status of the experimental efforts to measure the nucleon elastic form factors.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of the Baryons04 conference. To be published in the journal Nuclear Physics A
A new form of governing equations of fluids arising from Hamilton's principle
Creators: name: Gavrilyuk, Sergey
name: Gouin, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A new form of governing equations is derived from Hamilton's principle of least action for a constrained Lagrangian, depending on conserved quantities and their derivatives with respect to the time-space. This form yields conservation laws both for non-dispersive case (Lagrangian depends only on conserved quantities) and dispersive case (Lagrangian depends also on their derivatives). For non-dispersive case the set of conservation laws allows to rewrite the governing equations in the symmetric form of Godunov-Friedrichs-Lax. The linear stability of equilibrium states for potential motions is also studied. In particular, the dispersion relation is obtained in terms of Hermitian matrices both for non-dispersive and dispersive case. Some new results are extended to the two-fluid non-dispersive case.
description: 28 pages
Erklärung der Frühjahrsvollversammlung der Deutschen Bischofskonferenz bezüglich ökumenischer Gottesdienste
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 43 Nr. 3 (1994): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 43, Heft 3
An addition to the Performing Arts Center at the University of Western Washington, Bellingham
Creators: name: Peck, Richard Steven
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The project chosen for this thesis is an addition to the existing Performing Arts Center at the University of Western Washington in Bellingham. It includes a series of additional solo practive rooms and classrooms; a music library and a cafe. Within the project there are also two larger 'residual' spaces. The Campus is made up of connected squares/plazas designed for the pedestrian. Performing Arts is located on High Street at the edge of the campus overlooking a neighbourhood. Originally, High Street bisected the campus acting as an artery into Bellingham. The original Music Building was added to in 1971 creating the renamed Performing Arts Centre. The central intention was to refront the centre creating a new pedestrian plaza thus enouraging the universities masterplan to convert High Street into a pedestrian mall. At the east end of the plaza there is an area with several ground plains, connections, and programs: At the uppermost level there is a bridge between a foodcourt and the plaza and below, there are two corridoors letting out into a lane, delivery access, motor cycle parking, a pedestrian connection between south hill and the campus, and an entrance to a Taco Bell which is located in the adjacent student union building. The author of this thesis imagined cicumstances where the user of a space enjoys the experience of determining how that space could be understood and used. The intention was to see the existing conditions as possibilities to inform both the location and the conceptual diagram of a new addition in a way that would facilite such experiences. In the final scheme, the lane is bisected lenghwise by a thick wall of new practice rooms to create a sectional rift between it and the existing building that harbours redirected pedestrian traffic, a completed circuit for the existing circulation, the cafe, and the main entrance. The north end is closed off using two existing exterior connections (the loading bay below and the bridge above) and the south end with a large circulation tower. The motorcycle parking is inserted into the base of the thick wall punturing the mass of practice rooms and the end wall of an existing coral rehearsal hall was replaced with an articulated glass wall containing a new entry. Conceptually, the spaces of the rift are the focus of the possibilities presented by the site, arid as such, can be understood and used as part of the city (as a kind of indoor street connecting the neighbourhood of south hill with the campus), as part of the performing arts center (as the completion of an internal circulation system), as foyer to the addition and the coral rehearsal hall, and as autonmous places for receptions and gatherings. Both as part of the existing and on their own these spaces have a kind of spacial and programatic ambiguity that allows each recipent the opportunity to discover different ways of understanding and using them.
Iterated Brownian motion in bounded domains in R^n
Creators: name: Nane, Erkan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J65, 60K99

description: Let $τ_{D}(Z) $ is the first exit time of iterated Brownian motion from a domain $D \subset \RR{R}^{n}$ started at $z\in D$ and let $P_{z}[τ_{D}(Z) >t]$ be its distribution. In this paper we establish the exact asymptotics of $P_{z}[τ_{D}(Z) >t]$ over bounded domains as an extension of the result in DeBlassie \cite{deblassie}, for $z\in D$ $$ P_{z}[τ_{D}(Z)>t]\approx t^{1/2} \exp(-{3/2}π^{2/3}λ_{D}^{2/3}t^{1/3}), as t\to\infty . $$ We also study asymptotics of the life time of Brownian-time Brownian motion (BTBM), $Z^{1}_{t}=z+X(Y(t))$, where $X_{t}$ and $Y_{t}$ are independent one-dimensional Brownian motions.
description: 17 pages
Ginzburg-Landau equations with consistent Langevin terms for nonuniform wires
Creators: name: Berger, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many analyses based on the time-dependent Ginzburg--Landau model are not consistent with statistical mechanics, because thermal fluctuations are not taken correctly into account. We use the fluctuation-dissipation theorem in order to establish the appropriate size of the Langevin terms, and thus ensure the required consistency. Fluctuations of the electromagnetic potential are essential, even when we evaluate quantities that do not depend directly on it. Our method can be cast in gauge-invariant form. We perform numerous tests, and all the results are in agreement with statistical mechanics. We apply our method to evaluate paraconductivity of a superconducting wire. The Aslamazov--Larkin result is recovered as a limiting situation. Our method is numerically stable and the nonlinear term is easily included. We attempt a comparison between our numerical results and the available experimental data. Within an appropriate range of currents, phase slips occur, but we found no evidence for thermally activated phase slips. We studied the behavior of a moderate constriction. A constriction pins and enhances the occurrence of phase slips.
description: contains new sections that deal with phase slips
Multiple CO lines in SMM J16359+6612 -- Further evidence for a merger
Creators: name: Weiss, A.
name: Downes, D.
name: Walter, F.
name: Henkel, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the IRAM 30m telescope, we report the detection of the CO(3--2), CO(4--3), CO(5--4) and CO(6--5) lines in the gravitational lensed submm galaxy SMM J16359+6612 at z=2.5. The CO lines have a double peak profile in all transitions. From a Gaussian decomposition of the spectra we show that the CO line ratios, and therefore the underlying physical conditions of the gas, are similar for the blue and the redshifted component. The CO line Spectral Energy Distribution (SED; i.e. flux density vs. rotational quantum number) turns over already at the CO(5--4) transition which shows that the molecular gas is less excited than in nearby starburst galaxies and high--z QSOs. This difference mainly arises from a lower average H2 density, which indicates that the gas is less centrally concentrated than in nuclear starburst regions in local galaxies. We suggest that the bulk of the molecular gas in SMM J16359+6612 may arise from an overlap region of two merging galaxies. The low gas density and clear velocity separation may reflect an evolutionary stage of the merger event that is in between those seen in the Antennae and in the more evolved ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) like e.g. Mrk231.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted by A&A Letters
An observational argument against accretion in magnetars
Creators: name: Doroshenko, Victor
name: Santangelo, Andrea
name: Suleimanov, Valery
name: Tsygankov, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenology of anomalous X-ray pulsars is usually interpreted within the paradigm of very highly magnetized neutron stars, also known as magnetars. According to this paradigm, the persistent emission of anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs) is powered by the decay of the magnetic field. However, an alternative scenario in which the persistent emission is explained through accretion is also discussed in literature. In particular AXP 4U 0142+61has been suggested to be either an accreting neutron star or a white dwarf. Here we rule out this scenario based on the the observed X-ray variability properties of the source. We directly compare the observed power spectra of 4U 0142+61 and of two other magnetars, 1RXS J170849.0$-$400910 and 1E 1841-045 with that of the X-ray pulsar 1A 0535+262, and of the intermediate polar GK Persei. In addition, we include a bright young radio pulsar PSR B1509-58 into comparison. We show that, unlike accreting sources, no aperiodic variability within the expected frequency range is observed in the power density spectrum of the magnetars and the radio pulsar. Considering that strong variability is an established features of all accreting systems from young stellar objects to super-massive black holes, and absence of the variability reports from other magnetars, we conclude that our results indicates also that magnetars in general are not powered by accretion.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, accepted in A&A
Ab-initio theory of metal-insulator interfaces in a finite electric field
Creators: name: Stengel, M.
name: Spaldin, N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel technique for calculating the dielectric response of metal/insulator heterostructures. This scheme allows, for the first time, the fully first-principles calculation of the microscopic properties of thin-film capacitors at finite bias potential. The method can be readily applied to pure insulators, where it provides an interesting alternative to conventional finite-field techniques based on the Berry-phase formalism. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by performing comprehensive numerical tests on a model Ag/MgO/Ag heterostructure.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, major revision
Dark energy cosmology from higher-order, string-inspired gravity and its reconstruction
Creators: name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
name: Sami, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the cosmological effects of modified gravity with string curvature corrections added to Einstein-Hilbert action in the presence of a dynamically evolving scalar field coupled to Riemann invariants. The scenario exhibits several features of cosmological interest for late universe. It is shown that higher order stringy corrections can lead to a class of dark energy models consistent with recent observations. The model can give rise to quintessence, deSitter or phantom dark energy, in last case without recourse to negative kinetic energy field. The detailed treatment of reconstruction program for general scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity is presented for any given cosmology. The explicit examples of reconstructed scalar potentials are given for accelerated (quintessence, cosmological constant or phantom) universe. Finally, the relation with modified $F(G)$ gravity is established on classical level and is extended to include third order terms on curvature.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, minor changes, published version
Ethanol Production, Corn Gluten Feed, and EC Trade
Creators: name: Anderson, Margot
name: Anderson, Margot
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The profitability of ethanol depends not only on sales of ethanol but on sales of several coproducts of corn wet-milling such as corn gluten feed (CGF). CGF demand and supply are affected by several European Community (EC) and U.S. policies, such as EC grain price supports and U.S. energy policies. Changes in existing policies and programs could have a significant effect on the CGF market and, consequently, on the profitability of ethanol production. This report examines the implications of several policy options on demand, supply, and price of CGF and on the profitability of ethanol production. The policy changes examined include: (1) the effect of proposed changes in EC farm and trade policies, and (2) the effect of increased ethanol production due to proposed U.S. environmental policies, such as the reauthorization of the Clean Air Act.
Ethanol Production and Employment
Creators: name: Petrulis, Mindy
name: Sommer, Judith
name: Hines, Fred
name: Petrulis, Mindy
name: Sommer, Judith
name: Hines, Fred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Crop Production/Industries
Labor and Human Capital
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Increased U.S, production of ethanol could create 28,000-108,000 new jobs by the year 2000. Ethanol distilled chiefly from corn, can be mixed with gasoline to reduce the level of hydrocarbon pollutants created by fuel combustion in gasoline engines. Job gains will be concentrated in the rural Midwest, where most of the Nation’s corn is grown. Small communities elsewhere can benefit through new biomass technologies that can distill ethanol from energy crops, agricultural residues, and organic municipal waste.
Community-Building in Later Life and the Role of Information and Communication Technologies
Creators: name: Khamidullina, Zemfira
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2018

description: The thesis explores the capabilities of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in community-building in the context of a rural retirement community, and considers the notion that ICTs can transform the patterns of social participation in later life. Drawing on the symbolic interactionist perspective and using ethnographic and narrative approaches, I look into the ‘material’ and ‘virtual’ aspects of community participation of older people, and the assumption that ICTs have the potential to enhance civic engagement in later life. A special emphasis is placed on how ideas about the contribution of ICTs to community-building meet the community practices in a particular location, and what these practices are. The project is informed by the following research questions: ‘What is the role of ICTs in defining and maintaining community for people in later life?’ and ‘How does engagement with ICTs in later life shape the construction of collective identities?’ The use of ethnographic and narrative methods enabled the production of data that, along with depicting individual experiences, also highlighted the context where collective identities are produced and sustained, and where meanings are created. I explore long-standing and relatively recent community structures and practices, as well as the development of new ones, with a particular focus on those facilitated by or emerging through the use of ICTs. I consider the utility of ICTs for enhancing community participation in one single location, and discuss how ICTs are geographically embedded and developed by community members and groups. Of specific interest are the relationships between the processes of community-building and the construction of collective identity, including its spatial and demographic aspects. Particular attention is paid to the significance of locality as part of creating meanings about the community, and the role of community practices in construction of shared identity with a focus on those enabled by ICTs. Symbolic interactionism provides the framework for exploring how older people’s understanding of community translates into the creation of actual physical and virtual spaces. This thesis contributes to the body of knowledge about old age and technology by looking at the use of ICTs by older people from a micro-perspective. It brings a unique level of understanding of how older people engage with ICTs in the context of communitybuilding, which was made possible by employing ethnographic and narrative methods and the extended immersion of the researcher in the setting. My research is a step towards identifying and understanding whether ICTs can enable greater civic participation in later life, and if being ‘digitally included’ can improve the quality of life and the community engagement for older people.
Group Field Theory: An overview
Creators: name: Freidel, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a brief overview of the properties of a higher dimensional generalization of matrix model which arises naturally in the context of a background independent approach to quantum gravity, the so called group field theory. We show that this theory leads to a natural proposal for the physical scalar product of quantum gravity. We also show in which sense this theory provides a third quantization point of view on quantum gravity.
description: 10 pages
Memory bias in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
Creators: name: Radomsky, Adam Scott
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: There is a memory bias associated with depression, and there is good reason to expect such a bias associated with anxiety, but results to date have been ambiguous. Accordingly, a study was conducted to assess memory for contamination in individuals with different types of anxiety. Participants who met DSM-IV criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and indicated a fear of contamination (n=8), a group of anxious controls (n=8), and undergraduate students (n=20) participated in this study. Participants were shown 50 objects: 25 which were contaminated by the experimenter, and 25 which were touched but not contaminated. After completing a neuropsychological memory assessment, participants were asked to recall all of the objects touched by the experimenter. Then, participants were asked to approach each object and to rate their anxiety about touching it. Finally, participants were asked about their perceptions of the cleanliness of each object. The OCD group had better memory for contaminated objects than for clean ones. Neither control group showed such a bias. Neuropsychological test scores indicated that this bias is not the result of differences in general memory ability. Results are discussed in terms of the memory-deficit theory of OCD and of behavioural and cognitive approaches to understanding the role of information processing in fear and anxiety.
D3.4 Transparency & Compliance Release
Creators: name: Dullaert, Wouter
name: Milosevic, Uros
name: Langens, Jonathan
name: S'Jongers, Arnaud
name: Szepes, Nora
name: Goossens, Vincent
name: Rudavsky-Brody, Nathaniel
name: Delabastita, Ward
name: Kirrane, Sabrina
name: Fernandez, Javier D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: transparency, compliance

description: The goal of this report (Type "Demonstrator") is to describe the third release of the SPECIAL platform. It builds upon the research done in WP2 by providing working implementations of many of the ideas presented in deliverables D2.5 Policy Language V2, D2.7 Transparency Framework V2 and D2.8 Transparency and Compliance Algorithms V2. It also offers an update over the previous release by reflecting on: ex ante compliance checking, consent backend changes, the personal data inventory, compression and encryption, and overall performance improvements (to be demonstrated in D3.5). It is worth noting that, even though the work in WP2 has been finalized, not all choices are final, and some challenges will be tackled in D3.6 Final Release. The first chapter presents the platform architecture as a whole. This will give the reader an overview of the various supported features, how the individual components interact and detailed information on some cross cutting concerns. In subsequent chapters specific components of the architecture are discussed in more detail. Special focus is placed on documenting design decisions which might not be obvious from the source code. At the time of publishing, the source code is available on GitHub , while a working version of the platform is hosted by TenForce.
Optimal vaccination program for two infectious diseases with cross immunity
Creators: name: Ye, Yang
name: Zhang, Qingpeng
name: Cao, Zhidong
name: Zeng, Daniel Dajun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are often multiple diseases with cross immunity competing for vaccination resources. Here we investigate the optimal vaccination program in a two-layer Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) model, where two diseases with cross immunity spread in the same population, and vaccines for both diseases are available. We identify three scenarios of the optimal vaccination program, which prevents the outbreaks of both diseases at the minimum cost. We analytically derive a criterion to specify the optimal program based on the costs for different vaccines.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Characterization of 1- and 2-$μ$m-wavelength laser-produced microdroplet-tin plasma for generating extreme-ultraviolet light
Creators: name: Schupp, R.
name: Behnke, L.
name: Sheil, J.
name: Bouza, Z.
name: Bayraktar, M.
name: Ubachs, W.
name: Hoekstra, R.
name: Versolato, O. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental spectroscopic studies are presented, in a 5.5--25.5nm extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) wavelength range, of the light emitted from plasma produced by the irradiation of tin microdroplets by 5-ns-pulsed, 2-$μ$m-wavelength laser light. Emission spectra are compared to those obtained from plasma driven by 1-$μ$m-wavelength Nd:YAG laser light over a range of laser intensities spanning approximately $0.3-5 \times 10^{11}$Wcm$^{-2}$, under otherwise identical conditions. Over this range of drive laser intensities, we find that similar spectra and underlying plasma charge state distributions are obtained when keeping the ratio of 1-$μ$m to 2-$μ$m laser intensities fixed at a value of 2.1(6), which is in good agreement with RALEF-2D radiation-hydrodynamic simulations. Our experimental findings, supported by the simulations, indicate an approximately inversely proportional scaling $\sim λ^{-1}$ of the relevant plasma electron density, and of the aforementioned required drive laser intensities, with drive laser wavelength $λ$. This scaling also extends to the optical depth that is captured in the observed changes in spectra over a range of droplet diameters spanning 16-51$μ$m at a constant laser intensity that maximizes the emission in a 2\% bandwidth around 13.5nm relative to the total spectral energy, the bandwidth relevant for EUV lithography. The significant improvement of the spectral performance of the 2-$μ$m- vs 1-$μ$m driven plasma provides strong motivation for the development of high-power, high-energy near-infrared lasers to enable the development of more efficient and powerful sources of EUV light.
High-accuracy longitudinal position measurement using self-accelerating light
Creators: name: Prabhakar, Shashi
name: Plachta, Stephen
name: Ornigotti, Marco
name: Fickler, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radially self-accelerating light exhibits an intensity pattern that describes a spiraling trajectory around the optical axis as the beam propagates. In this article, we show in simulation and experiment how such beams can be used to perform a high-accuracy distance measurement with respect to a reference using simple off-axis intensity detection. We demonstrate that generating beams whose intensity pattern simultaneously spirals with fast and slow rotation components enables a distance measurement with high accuracy over a broad range, using the high and low rotation frequency, respectively. In our experiment, we achieve an accuracy of around 2~$μ$m over a longitudinal range of more than 2~mm using a single beam and only two quadrant detectors. As our method relies on single-beam interference and only requires a static generation and simple intensity measurements, it is intrinsically stable and might find applications in high-speed measurements of longitudinal position.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Graphical modelling of multivariate time series
Creators: name: Eichler, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62M10, 62H20

description: We introduce graphical time series models for the analysis of dynamic relationships among variables in multivariate time series. The modelling approach is based on the notion of strong Granger causality and can be applied to time series with non-linear dependencies. The models are derived from ordinary time series models by imposing constraints that are encoded by mixed graphs. In these graphs each component series is represented by a single vertex and directed edges indicate possible Granger-causal relationships between variables while undirected edges are used to map the contemporaneous dependence structure. We introduce various notions of Granger-causal Markov properties and discuss the relationships among them and to other Markov properties that can be applied in this context.
description: 33 pages, 7 figures, to appear in Probability Theory and Related Fields
A history of the Vancouver Aboriginal Friendship Centre in an age of aboriginal migration and urbanization
Creators: name: Lindsay, William G.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The Canadian urban cultural mosaic is made up of many different ethnic groups. These groups came to Canadian cities over time and used different means to help themselves in the adaptation process, to a new way of life. These groups included not only those from around the world, but those who migrated within the borders of Canada, seeking new and better lives in urban locales. This paper will explore the issue of urban migration in the years following the Second World War and the concomitant means used in the adaptation process. Although the experience of overseas immigrants will be examined for issues of contrast and comparison, this paper will specifically explore the experience of Canadian Aboriginal people. As natives moved to Canadian cities in the decades after 1945, Aboriginal friendship centres sprung up across Canada to assist them in adapting to, what was to them, a totally alien culture. This paper will explore the friendship centre phenomenon, particularly the role of the Vancouver Aboriginal Friendship Centre - the largest of its kind in North America. How and when the friendship centre grew, who was involved in its formation and growth, and what import it had on incoming native people to Vancouver, will be the main issues considered in this work. Although some primary and secondary sources were used in research, the lack of such sources has led me to rely on oral interviews for information for this project. Since the interviews were conducted with surviving founders of the Vancouver Friendship Centre, the use of such first hand information has proved most valuable and insightful. The Vancouver Aboriginal Friendship Centre played a key role in the adaptation of the native to big city life. The centre started small, grew, changed with the times, and provided much valuable assistance to natives seeking help at a time when they often had no place else to go.
Coupled dynamics of RNA folding and nanopore translocation
Creators: name: Bundschuh, Ralf
name: Gerland, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The translocation of structured RNA or DNA molecules through narrow pores necessitates the opening of all base pairs. Here, we study the interplay between the dynamics of translocation and base-pairing theoretically, using kinetic Monte Carlo simulations and analytical methods. We find that the transient formation of basepairs that do not occur in the ground state can significantly speed up translocation.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Physical Review Letters
Grammatical elicitation: Copular clauses
Creators: name: Sales, Henry
name: Melguy, Yevgeniy
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: mam

description: Focusing on relations of predication (e.g., 'the man is funny'), specification (e.g., 'the owner of the chicken is Henry'), and equation (e.g., 'John is Henry').