cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Open science, preprints and beyond
Creators: name: Kamoun, Sophien
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: open science
science
biology
science communication

description: Sophien Kamoun's presentation at the LRSV Plant Science Laboratory retreat, Thursday September 8, 2022. Hosted by Karima El Mahboubi. https://www.lrsv.ups-tlse.fr/research-teams/evolution-of-plant-microbe-interactions/
Replicon-Helper Systems from Attenuated Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus: Expression of Heterologous Genesin Vitroand Immunization against Heterologous Pathogensin Vivo
Creators: name: Davis, Nancy
name: Parker, Michael
name: Pushko, Peter
name: Ludwig, George
name: Smith, Jonathan
name: Johnston, Robert
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: A replicon vaccine vector system was developed from an attenuated strain of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE). The replicon RNA consists of the cis-acting 5' and 3' ends of the VEE genome, the complete nonstructural protein gene region, and the subgenomic 26S promoter. The genes encoding the VEE structural proteins were replaced with the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) or the Lassa virus nucleocapsid (N) gene, and upon transfection into eukaryotic cells by electroporation, these replicon RNAs directed the efficient, high-level synthesis of the HA or N proteins. For packaging of replicon RNAs into VEE replicon particles (VRP), the VEE capsid and glycoproteins were supplied in trans by expression from helper RNA(s) coelectroporated with the replicon. A number of different helper constructs, expressing the VEE structural proteins from a single or two separate helper RNAs, were derived from attenuated VEE strains Regeneration of infectious virus was not detected when replicons were packaged using a bipartite helper system encoding the VEE capsid protein and glycoproteins on two separate RNAs. Subcutaneous immunization of BALB/c mice with VRP expressing the influenza HA or Lassa virus N gene (HA-VRP or N-VRP, respectively) induced antibody responses to the expressed protein. After two inoculations of HA-VRP, complete protection against intranasal challenge with influenza was observed. Furthermore, sequential immunization of mice with two inoculations of N-VRP prior to two inoculations of HA-VRP induced an immune response to both HA and N equivalent to immunization with either VRP construct alone. Protection against influenza challenge was unaffected by previous N-VRP immunization. Therefore, the VEE replicon system was characterized by high-level expression of heterologous genes in cultured cells, little or no regeneration of plaque-forming virus particles, the capability for sequential immunization to multiple pathogens in the same host, and induction of protective immunity against a mucosal pathogen.
Sindbis Virus Infection of Neonatal Mice Results in a Severe Stress Response
Creators: name: TRGOVCICH, JOANNE
name: JOHNSTON, ROBERT
name: ELDRIDGE, J.CHARLES
name: RYMAN, KATE
name: ARONSON, JUDITH
name: EXTROM, PAM
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: Neonatal mice were infected with virus derived from a molecular clone of a laboratory strain of Sindbis virus, TRSB. The resulting acute fatal infection was typified by few if any of the classic hallmarks of encephalitis, very high levels of interferon-alpha/beta (IFNalphabeta), and lesions in the thymus and hematopoietic tissues usually associated with a severe stress response. Infection with an attenuated mutant of TRSB, which harbors a single amino acid change in the E2 surface glycoprotein (TRSBr114), was characterized by encephalitis, reduced mortality, low levels of IFNalphabeta, and no thymic pathology (J. Trgovcich, J. F. Aronson, and R. E. Johnston, 1996, Virology 224, 73-83). Here we report that infection of neonatal mice with TRSB, but not TRSBr114, resulted in induction of high levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha as well as high and sustained levels of adrenalcorticotropin-releasing hormone and corticosterone. This syndrome of potentially toxic cytokine and stress hormone induction correlates with lethal Sindbis virus infection and constitutes a previously unrecognized aspect of Sindbis virus pathogenesis in mice.
Phonological skills as predictors of dyslexia (Dorofeeva et al., 2022)
Creators: name: Dorofeeva, Svetlana V.
name: Iskra, Ekaterina
name: Goranskaya, Daria
name: Gordeyeva, Elizaveta
name: Serebryakova, Margarita
name: Zyryanov, Andrey
name: Akhutina, Tatiana V.
name: Dragoy, Olga
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: Speech production
Speech pathology

description: Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to investigate whether the performance on each of seven phonological processing (PP) tests from the Russian Test of Phonological Processing (RuToPP), with their varying levels of linguistic complexity and composite phonological indices, are significant predictors of developmental dyslexia (DD) and can reliably differentiate children with and without reading impairment. Additionally, we examined the general contribution of phonological skills to text reading fluency in children with various levels of reading performance. Method: A total of 173 Russian-speaking 7- to 11-year-old children participated in this study: 124 who were typically developing (TD) and 49 who had been diagnosed with DD. We assessed reading fluency with a standardized reading test and PP with the RuToPP. We investigated the potential of phonological skills to predict the presence or absence of a dyslexia diagnosis using multinomial logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and calculations of the sensitivity and specificity of each test and index. The contribution of phonological skills to reading fluency was also assessed in a mixed group of children. Results: Six of seven RuToPP tests were significant predictors of dyslexia. However, while the RuToPP correctly identified 93%–99% of TD children, for children with dyslexia, it ranged from 4% to 47% depending on the test. In a mixed group of children with and without dyslexia, performance in the more complex phonological tests was a stronger predictor of reading fluency. Conclusions: Our findings are consistent with the literature on predictors of literacy skills and dyslexia while uniquely demonstrating the impact of the complexity level of the phonological tests on the classification outcome. PP is a significant and necessary predictor of reading skills, but it is not sufficient for diagnostic purposes.
 Supplemental Material S1. The factor and the correlation analyses for the behavioral data of children with dyslexia.
 Supplemental Material S2. Boxplots for the results in the reading test and in all Russian Test of Phonological Processing (RuToPP) tests.
 Dorofeeva, S. V., Iskra, E., Goranskaya, D., Gordeyeva, E., Serebryakova, M., Zyryanov, A., Akhutina, T. V., & Dragoy, O. (2022). Cognitive requirements of the phonological tests affect their ability to discriminate children with and without developmental dyslexia. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_JSLHR-21-00687
ATLAS COMPENDIUM OF RESULTS UNLOCKING THE POTENTIAL OF THE DEEP ATLANTIC OCEAN
Creators: name: Wilson, Annette M.
name: Eighteen, Julia
name: Roberts, J Murray
name: Reuver, Marieke
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: ATLAS
deep sea
Atlantic
ecosystem
marine
spatial management
Horizon 2020

description: This compendium summarises the key achievements of the four-year European Union Horizon 2020 ATLAS project: A trans-Atlantic assessment and deep-sea ecosystem-based spatial management plan for Europe (May 2016 – July 2020). A print version is available upon request. Please contact Annette Wilson, AquaTT (annette@aquatt.ie).
The bZip Dimerization Domain of the Epstein–Barr Virus BZLF1 (Z) Protein Mediates Lymphoid-Specific Negative Regulation
Creators: name: Hong, Yu
name: Holley-Guthrie, Elizabeth
name: Kenney, Shannon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) immediate-early (IE) protein, BZLF1 (Z), initiates the switch from latent to lytic infection, Z transactivation of an early viral promoter, BMRF1, is relatively inefficient in lymphoid cells (compared with epithelial cells), unless the other EBV IE protein, BRLF1, is also present. Cellular proteins, including the p65 component of NF-kappa B, have been shown to interact directly with Z in vitro through the bZip dimerization domain and inhibit Z-induced transactivation. Here we precisely define a residue within the bZip dimerization domain of Z (amino acid 200) which is required for interaction in vitro with the p65 component of NF-kappa B, but is not essential for Z homodimerization. In lymphoid cells, a Z mutant which has been altered at amino acid 200 (tyrosine to glutamic acid) transactivates both the early BMRF1 promoter and the immediate-early BZLF1 promoter (Zp) four- to fivefold better than wild-type Z. In contrast, mutation of amino acid 200 does not affect Z transactivator function in epithelial cells. The results suggest that Z function is specifically inhibited by a lymphoid-specific protein(s) through amino acid 200 in the bZip dimerization domain. Modulation of Z's activator function may help to regulate the stringency of viral latency in lymphocytes.
(100111) Henry Jones Evans
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(100105) Catherine Conolly
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) DNA Polymerase Accessory Protein, BMRF1, Activates the Essential Downstream Component of the EBV oriLyt
Creators: name: Holley-Guthrie, Elizabeth
name: Kenney, Shannon
name: Dorsky, David
name: Ge, Ji-Qian
name: Zhang, Qin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: The EBV DNA polymerase accessory protein, BMRF1, is an essential component of the viral DNA polymerase and is required for lytic EBV replication. In addition to its polymerase accessory protein function, we have recently reported that BMRF1 is a transcriptional activator, inducing expression of the essential oriLyt promoter, BHLF1. Here we have precisely mapped the BMRF1-response element in the BHLF1 promoter. We demonstrate that a region of oriLyt (the "downstream component"), previously shown to be one of two domains absolutely essential for oriLyt replication, is required for BMRF1-induced activation of the BHLF1 promoter. Furthermore, the downstream component of oriLyt is sufficient to confer BMRF1-responsiveness to a heterologous promoter. The downstream component contains Sp1 binding sites, and confers Sp1-responsiveness to a heterologous promoter. A series of plasmids containing various protions of the oriLyt downstream component were constructed and analyzed for their ability to respond to the BMRF1 versus Sp1 transactivators. Although the BMRF1-responsive region of the downstream component overlaps the Sp1-responsive element, certain oriLyt sequences required for maximal BMRF1-responsiveness were not required for maximal Sp1-responsiveness. In particular, a site-directed mutation altering the downstream component sequence GATGG (located from -588 to -592 relative to the BHLF1 transcription initiation site) did not affect Sp1-responsiveness, but reduced BMRF-1-responsiveness by 75% and abolished oriLyt replication. Although BMRF1 possesses nonspecific DNA binding activity, were unable to demonstrate specific BMRF1 binding to the downstream component of oriLyt. Our results suggest that BMRF1-induced activation of the essential downstream component of oriLyt may play an important role in oriLyt replication.
High temperature/high strength discrete fiber reinforced composites
Creators: name: DeFazio, Christian F.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: Most of the high temperature resistant composites are made using ceramic matrices. Typically these composites are processed at temperatures higher than the operating temperatures. The results presented in this thesis focus on the development of an inorganic matrix composite that can be processed at temperatures ranging from 80 to 400° C and can withstand temperatures up to 1500° C. The composites can be fabricated using inexpensive mold-cast techniques or vacuum bagging techniques. Short discrete fibers can be incorporated in the matrix to improve mechanical properties.The composite is a two component system consisting of: potassium/sodium silicate solution and a powder component containing; silica, alumina, fillers, fibers, flow enhancing additives and activators. The major parameters evaluated in this dissertation are: (i) influence of fiber type and fiber content, (ii) matrix composition in terms of silica/alumina ratio, (iii) fabrication techniques, (iv) influence of curing temperature and (v) influence of exposure to temperatures varying from 200 to 1500° C. The response variables were: the integrity of the samples after high temperature exposure and the mechanical property of the composite. The fiber types consisted of: economical bulk alumina fibers, alumina fibers in paper form and uniform-short alumina fibers. The fiber content varied from 4 to 13 percent by weight of total matrix. Silica to alumina ratios were varied from 1 to 5. Fabrication techniques investigated include: compression molding using wetted alumina fiber papers and simple casting using a mold and vacuum bagging technique.The major findings are as follows:• Both mold-casting and vacuum bagging techniques can be effectively used forfabrication•Optimum curing temperature is 400° C•For composites with bulk-economical alumina fibers the maximum flexural strength is 65 Mpa and the maximum flexural modulus is 52 GPa•These values can be increased to 130 MPa and 85 GPa by using high quality fibers•The densities for composites with short fibers range from 2000 to 2800 kg/m3•Typically higher density leads to higher strengths
Rescue of the Epstein–Barr Virus BZLF1 Mutant, Z(S186A), Early Gene Activation Defect by the BRLF1 Gene Product
Creators: name: Adamson, Amy L.
name: Kenney, Shannon C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: Expression of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) immediate-early protein, BZLF1 (Z), is sufficient to disrupt viral latency. Z transcriptionally activates the EBV early genes by binding to upstream Z-responsive elements (ZREs). Recently, a serine-to-alanine mutation of Z residue 186 (within the basic DNA binding domain) was shown to inhibit the ability of Z to induce lytic infection in latently infected cells, although the Z(S186A) mutant could still bind several known ZREs and activated an early EBV promoter (BMRF1) in transient reporter gene assays (Francis, A. L., Gradoville, L., and Miller, G. (1997). J. Virol. 71, 3054-3061). We now show that a specific deficiency in the ability to bind to ZRE elements in the immediate-early BRLF1 promoter may account for the inability of Z(S186A) to activate BRLF1 expression. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the ability of Z(S186A) to induce early BMRF1 and BHRF1 gene expression is rescued by cotransfection with a BRLF1 expression vector. However, the Z(S186A)/BRLF1 (R) combination cannot induce full lytic replication, suggesting that Z(S186A) may also be deficient in a replication-specific function. These results suggest that in the context of the intact viral genome, both Z and R expression are required for activation of early gene transcription in latently infected cells.
(100108) Elizabeth Wayne
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Topology of the cone of positive maps on qubit systems
Creators: name: Miller, Marek
name: Olkiewicz, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An alternative, geometrical proof of a known theorem concerning the decomposition of positive maps of the matrix algebra $M_{2}(\mathbb{C})$ has been presented. The premise of the proof is the identification of positive maps with operators preserving the Lorentz cone in four dimensions, and it allows to decompose the positive maps with respect to those preserving the boundary of the cone. In addition, useful conditions implying complete positivity of a map of $M_{2}(\mathbb{C})$ have been given, together with a sufficient condition for complete positivity of an extremal Schwarz map of $M_{n}(\mathbb{C})$. Lastly, following the same geometrical approach, a description in topological terms of maps that are simultaneously completely positive and completely copositive has been presented.
description: Revised version due to be published in JPhysA
Deflagrations in hybrid CONe white dwarfs: a route to explain the faint Type Iax supernova 2008ha
Creators: name: Kromer, M.
name: Ohlmann, S. T.
name: Pakmor, R.
name: Ruiter, A. J.
name: Hillebrandt, W.
name: Marquardt, K. S.
name: Roepke, F. K.
name: Seitenzahl, I. R.
name: Sim, S. A.
name: Taubenberger, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar evolution models predict the existence of hybrid white dwarfs (WDs) with a carbon-oxygen core surrounded by an oxygen-neon mantle. Being born with masses ~1.1 Msun, hybrid WDs in a binary system may easily approach the Chandrasekhar mass (MCh) by accretion and give rise to a thermonuclear explosion. Here, we investigate an off-centre deflagration in a near-MCh hybrid WD under the assumption that nuclear burning only occurs in carbon-rich material. Performing hydrodynamics simulations of the explosion and detailed nucleosynthesis post-processing calculations, we find that only 0.014 Msun of material is ejected while the remainder of the mass stays bound. The ejecta consist predominantly of iron-group elements, O, C, Si and S. We also calculate synthetic observables for our model and find reasonable agreement with the faint Type Iax SN 2008ha. This shows for the first time that deflagrations in near-MCh WDs can in principle explain the observed diversity of Type Iax supernovae. Leaving behind a near-MCh bound remnant opens the possibility for recurrent explosions or a subsequent accretion-induced collapse in faint Type Iax SNe, if further accretion episodes occur. From binary population synthesis calculations, we find the rate of hybrid WDs approaching MCh to be on the order of 1 percent of the Galactic SN Ia rate.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Gene Expression from the ORF50/K8 Region of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus
Creators: name: Quinlivan, E. Byrd
name: Wang, Rui Xue
name: Seaman, William
name: Ye, Dongsheng
name: Hale, Evelyn
name: Weisse, Marie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The ORF50 gene of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)-associated herpesvirus, or human herpesvirus 8 (KSHV), activates viral replication and is weakly homologous to the herpesvirus family of R transactivators; therefore, the transcription and translation events from this region of KSHV are key events in viral reactivation. We demonstrate that ORF50 is expressed in a bicistronic message after induction of the viral lytic cycle. ORF50 migrated as a series of polypeptides: the major ones as 119 and 101 kDa, respectively. Using 3' rapid amplification of cDNA ends, RT-PCR, and cDNA library screening, we demonstrate that the major ORF50 transcript also encodes K8. The ORF50/K8 transcript was resistant to cyclohexamide, whereas the K8 transcript was only partially resistant to cyclohexamide at early timepoints. Both transcripts showed partial resistance after 12 h of phorbol ester induction. Using a GAL4-ORF50 fusion protein expression vector, we demonstrate that the transactivation domain of ORF50 resides within a 160-amino-acid region of the carboxyl portion of the ORF. Upstream regions of both ORF50 and K8 have basal promoter activity in KSHV-infected cells. K8, which had sequence homology to Bzip proteins, did not activate either promoter. However, both promoters were activated after cotransfection of ORF50 in BCBL-1 cells.
(100104) Ann Conolly
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Development and testing of haptic interfaces using electro-rheological fluids
Creators: name: Fisch, Allen
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: Research has been performed to develop haptic interface devices, utilizing advanced actuators, to transmit information and receive control signals through interaction with a user's sense of touch. Haptic systems convey tactile and force information through the sense of touch by applying forces to a user's hands and other similar methods.The ability to generate force information allows systems to be designed where operators can see, hear and feel virtual or remoteenvironments. In addition, using the sense of touch allows for new pathways to present information to a user, along with the standard visual and auditory interfaces.Interface devices have been developed to improve and simplify the manner in which a person interacts with computers and other technological systems. The focus has been to develop force-feedback interface systems to be used to control various devices such as the climate control and audio systems within an automobile. These advanced computer controlled systems can be used to consolidate various controls into fewer feedback control devices to create a simpler, more efficient interface. In addition, the use of force cues allows information to be transmitted to the user and control settings to be changed by the user without requiring the user's visual attention.Electrorheological Fluid (ERF) based actuators have been developed to provide the required feedback sensations. ERFs are fluids that change their viscosity in response to an electric field. Using the electrically controlled rheological properties of ERFs, devices have been developed that can resist operator forces in a controlled and tunable fashion.Three ERF-based actuators have been designed and prototypes have been built. Analytical models have been developed to describe the performance of these systems, and experimental analyses performed to verify the operation of the actuators. The actuators have been incorporated into various prototype Haptic Knob and Haptic Joystick devices. The addition of force cues allows these familiar devices to be used as advanced interface systems to provide information to and sense commands from a user.Force information from these devices has been maximized by performing Human Factors experiments to assess whether different designvariations can increase the systems' effectiveness. Factors such as hand position and handle texture have been assessed, statistical analyses performed on the results and the most effective versions have been identified.Methods for the application to the automotive haptic devices have been developed. Demonstrations have been created to prove the ability of the systems to provide information through the use of advanced haptic interfaces. In addition, concepts for future avenues of research have been developed to allow for continued research.
Herpes Simplex Virus Induces Intracellular Redistribution of E2F4 and Accumulation of E2F Pocket Protein Complexes
Creators: name: Hilton, Melissa
name: Olgiate, Jennifer
name: Ehmann, Ginger
name: Bachenheimer, Steven
name: Vidyarthi, Suman
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Accumulation of E2F-p107 and E2F-pRB DNA binding complexes occurred after herpes simplex virus infection of U2-OS cells. Accumulation of E2F-p107 also occurred by 4 h p.i. in C33 cells. This corresponded to a time when host DNA synthesis was reduced by 50%, and lagged by >/=1 h, the onset of viral DNA synthesis. To determine the basis for increased nuclear E2F complexes, we investigated the effects of virus infection on the intracellular distribution of the E2F-dependent DNA binding complexes and their protein constituents. Western blot analyses of whole cell extracts revealed that amounts of E2F4, E2F1, DP1, and p107 remained unchanged after infection of C33 cells. Analysis of cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions, however, revealed that cytoplasmic E2F4 decreased and nuclear E2F4 increased. This correlated with a loss of cytoplasmic E2F DNA-binding activity and a corresponding increase in nuclear DNA-binding activity. Concomitant with its redistribution, the apparent molecular weight of total and p107-associated E2F4 increased, at least partially as a result of protein phosphorylation. Increased nuclear E2F-pRB in U2-OS cells was accompanied by the conversion of pRB from a hyper- to a hypophosphorylated state. Infection of U2-OS cells with viral mutants indicated that viral protein IE ICP4 was necessary for the decrease in cytoplasmic E2F-p107, and that viral protein DE ICP8 was required for nuclear accumulation of p107-E2F. In contrast, ICP8 was not required for accumulation of E2F-pRB. These results indicate that the increase in E2F-p107 may be explained by the redistribution and modification of E2F4 and the increase in E2F-pRB by modification of pRB.
On $\mathcal{N}=1$ susy backgrounds with $AdS$ factor from nonabelian T-duality
Creators: name: Araujo, Thiago R.
name: Nastase, Horatiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the action of a non-abelian T-duality on backgrounds with an AdS${}_5$ factor in type IIA supergravity, finding a new type IIB background, as well as the non-abelian T-dual of a domain wall solution which has as limits the non-abelian T-dual of $AdS_5\times T^{1,1}$ and the non-abelian T-dual of $AdS_3\times \mathbb{R}^2\times S^2\times S^3$. We explore some consequences of non-abelian T-duality for the dual conformal field theories.
description: 25 pages, no figures; references added
Lasiocnemus Loew 1851
Creators: name: Dikow, Torsten
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Lasiocnemus (Loew, 1851) Leptogaster subgenus Lasiocnemus Loew, 1851: 2. Type species Leptogaster (Lasiocnemus) obscuripennis Loew, 1851, by original designation.
description: Published as part of Dikow, Torsten, 2007, Taxonomic revision of the genus Lasiocnemus (Loew, 1851) (Diptera: Asilidae: Leptogastrinae), pp. 57-74 in African Entomology 15 (1) on page 59, DOI: 10.4001/1021-3589-15.1.57, http://zenodo.org/record/269800
description: {"references": ["LOEW, H. 1851. Bemerkungen uber die Familie der Asiliden. Programm Kaiserliche Realschule zu Meseritz 1851: 1 - 22."]}
Insertional Mutagenesis of AAV2 Capsid and the Production of Recombinant Virus
Creators: name: Samulski, R. Jude
name: Xiao, Weidong
name: Rabinowitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The structural genes of adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (AAV2) have been altered by linker insertional mutagenesis in order to define critical components of virion assembly and infectivity. An in-frame restriction site linker was inserted across the capsid coding domain of a recombinant plasmid. After complementation in vivo, recombinant AAV2 viruses were generated and assayed for capsid production, packaging, transduction, heparin agarose binding, and morphology. Three classes of capsid mutants where identified. Class I mutants expressed structural proteins but were defective in virion assembly. Class II mutants generated intact virions that protected the viral genome from DNase, but failed to infect target cells. The majority of these mutants bound the heparin affinity matrix, suggesting that attachment to the AAV primary receptor was not rate limiting. One class II mutant, H2634, assembled virions and bound heparin using only Vp3, indicating that this subunit is responsible for mediating AAV receptor attachment. Finally, class III mutants assembled virions, encapsidated DNA, and infected target cells. Infectivity of these mutants ranged from 5 to 100% of that of the wild-type, demonstrating for the first time the ability to alter capsid proteins without interfering with infectivity. These AAV virions with altered capsid subunits will provide critical templates for manipulating AAV vectors for cell-specific gene delivery in vivo. In summary, the AAV capsid variants described here will facilitate further study of virus assembly, entry, and infection, as well as advance the development of this versatile vector system.
(100106) David David
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Signature Amino Acid Changes in Latent Membrane Protein 1 Distinguish Epstein–Barr Virus Strains
Creators: name: Raab-Traub, Nancy
name: Seillier-Moiseiwitsch, Francoise
name: Edwards, Rachel H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Sequence variations in the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 1 gene have been described in numerous EBV-associated tumors with some of these variations, most notably a 30-base pair deletion in the cytoplasmic carboxyl-terminal domain, suggested as associated with an increase in tumorigenicity. In this study, EBV DNA sequence was determined from 92 tissue specimens or cell lines, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, oral hairy leukoplakia, post-transplant lymphoma, post-transplant without pathology, mononucleosis, Burkitt's lymphoma, parotid tumor, and normal from distinct geographical regions. The amino- and carboxyl-terminal sequences and, in some cases, the full-length sequences of latent membrane protein 1 were determined. Characteristic sequence patterns distinguished strains, with the carboxyl-terminal sequence being the most informative in distinguishing among the strains. Phylogenetic relationships between strains were determined, as were signature amino acid changes that discriminate between them. A correlation between strain and disease or strain and geographic location was not detected. The sequence variation and signature sequences identified at least seven distinct strains, as well as hybrid strains that apparently result from recombination.
Quantitative analysis of genetic variations using molecular affinity and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Kim, Aana Moon
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: A system for DNA quantification is demonstrated utilizing matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and a molecular affinity system. MALDI-TOF MS can detect nucleic acids in milliseconds with high resolution, which allows for a high throughput sample analysis. The resulting mass spectra can produce more accurate results than conventional methods based on gel electrophoresis especially when secondary structures exist in the sample DNA molecules. Secondary DNA structures can lead to incomplete separation in the gel and reduce the accuracy in DNA sequence determination. MALDI-TOF MS measures the intrinsic property of DNA mass, and thus allows unambiguous detection of DNA fragments. MALDI TOF MS can be further facilitated by molecular affinity systems such as biotin-streptavidin as they increase the accuracy and throughput of MS. Our approach is based on SPC-SBE, a previously developed method for high throughput genotyping employing molecular affinity, and involves optimization in both sample preparation and MALDI-TOF MS spectral analysis by signal processing. Creating small sample spots with a stainless steel needle to reduce sample crystal heterogeneity improved the DNA quantification system. To further reduce the impact of salt adduct peaks, signal-processing techniques were used for better signal separation. A basic signal processing technique involved ensemble average and ensemble standard deviations of spectra. Ensemble averaging is a simple and powerful signal processing technique to reduce noise. Additionally, the microbead pipette tip device was tested as a new method to rapidly isolate biotinylated DNA fragments and increase throughput of the molecular affinity system. We demonstrate our method provides high quantification accuracy, and therefore can be efficiently used for the application of rapid high-throughput gene expression monitoring.
The A20 Protein Interacts with the Epstein–Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein 1 (LMP1) and Alters the LMP1/TRAF1/TRADD Complex
Creators: name: Miller, William E.
name: Fries, Katherine L.
name: Raab-Traub, Nancy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) interacts with the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor (TRAF) molecules, which are important for LMP1-mediated signaling. Two domains of LMP1 can independently activate NF-kB, carboxyl-terminal activating region 1 (CTAR1) and CTAR2. The activation of NF-kB by CTAR1 occurs through direct interaction of LMP1 with the TRAF molecules, whereas CTAR2 interacts with the TNFR-associated death domain protein (TRADD) to activate NF-kB and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). A20, which is induced by LMP1 through NF-kB, can block NF-kB activation from both domains of LMP1 and inhibit JNK activation from CTAR2. A20 also has been shown to associate with TRAF1 and TRAF2. In this study, an interaction between LMP1 and A20 was detected that was increased by TRAF2 overexpression. A20 did not affect the association of TRAF1 with TRAF2 but did displace TRAF1 from the LMP1 complex. The interaction of LMP1 and TRADD was decreased in the presence of A20, and the LMP1-A20 association was decreased by TRADD, suggesting that A20 and TRADD both interact with LMP1 and may compete for binding. These data indicate that A20 alters the interactions between LMP1 and the TRAF molecules and TRADD, affecting the activation of NF-kB, JNK, and perhaps other TRAF-mediated signaling events.
Lotilaner Ophthalmic Solution 0.25%: First Approval
Creators: name: Syed, Yahiya Y.
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest Yahiya Y. Syed is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability not applicable Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here Abstract Lotilaner ophthalmic solution 0.25% (XDEMVY™), a gamma-aminobutyric acid-gated chloride channel (GABA-Cl) inhibitor selective for mites, is being developed by Tarsus Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of Demodex blepharitis and meibomian gland dysfunction in patients with Demodex lid infestation (Demodex-induced meibomianitis). On 24 July 2023, lotilaner ophthalmic solution 0.25% received its first approval in the USA for the treatment of Demodex blepharitis. The agent is also currently in phase 3 development for Demodex blepharitis in China and phase 2 development for Demodex-induced meibomianitis in the USA. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of lotilaner ophthalmic solution 0.25% leading to this first approval for the treatment of Demodex blepharitis in the USA. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023
(100102) Gladys Harrison
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Thermal transport and non-equilibrium temperature drop across a magnetic nanostructured interface
Creators: name: Zhang, Jia
name: Bachman, Michael
name: Czerner, Michael
name: Heiliger, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a number of current experiments in the field of spin-caloritronics a temperature gradient across a nanostructured interface is applied and spin-dependent transport phenomena are observed. However, a lack in the interpretation and knowledge let it unclear how the temperature drop across a magnetic nanostructured interface looks like where both phonons and electrons may contribute to thermal transport. We answer this question for the case of a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) where the tunneling magneto Seebeck effect occurs. Nevertheless, our results can be extended to other nanostructured interfaces as well. Using an \textit{ab initio} method we explicitly calculate phonon and electron thermal conductance across the Fe/MgO/Fe-MTJs by using Green's function method. Further, by estimating the electron-phonon interaction in the Fe leads we are able to calculate the electron and phonon temperature profile across the Fe/MgO/Fe-MTJ. Our results show that there is an electron-phonon temperature imbalance at the Fe-MgO interfaces. In consequence, a revision of the interpretation of current experimental measurements might be necessary.
(100103) James Conolly
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A Single-Site Mutant and Revertants Arising in Vivo Define Early Steps in the Pathogenesis of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus
Creators: name: Aronson, Judith
name: Charles, Peter
name: Johnston, Robert
name: Knott, Travis
name: Grieder, Franziska
name: Davis, Nancy
name: Brown, Kevin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: The early stages of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE) pathogenesis in the mouse model have been examined using a genetic approach. Disease progression of a molecularly cloned single-site mutant was compared with that of the parental virus to determine the step in the VEE pathogenetic sequence at which the mutant was blocked. Assuming that such a block constitutes a genetic screen, isolates from different tissues thought to be distal to the block in the VEE pathogenetic sequence were analyzed to determine the pathogenetic step at which revertants of the mutant were selected. Directed mutation and analysis of reversion in vivo provide two powerful genetic tools for the dissection of the wild-type VEE pathogenetic sequence. Virus from the parental virulent clone, V3000, first replicated in the draining lymph node after subcutaneous inoculation in the left rear footpad. Movement of a cloned avirulent mutant, V3010 (E2 76 Glu to Lys), to the draining lymph node was impaired, replication in the node was delayed, and spread beyond the draining lymph node was sporadic. Serum, contralateral lymph node, spleen, and brain isolates from V3010 inoculated animals were invariably revertant with respect to sequence at E2 76 and/or virulence in mice. Revertants isolated from serum and contralateral lymph node retained the V3010 E2 Lys 76 mutation but also contained a second-site mutation, Glu to Lys at E2 116. Modification of the V3010 clone by addition of the second-site mutation at E2 116 produced a virus that bypassed the V3010 block at the draining lymph node but that did not possess full wild-type capacity for replication in the central nervous system or for induction of mortality. A control construct containing only the E2 116 reverting mutation on the V3000 background was identical to V3000 in terms of early pathogenetic steps and virulence. Therefore, analysis of mutant replication and reversion in vivo suggested (1) that the earliest steps in VEE pathogenesis are transit to the draining lymph node and replication at that site, (2) that the mutation in V3010 impairs transit to the draining lymph node and blocks dissemination to other tissues, and (3) that reversion can overcome the block without restoring full virulence.
title: Übersetzung in Türkisch: Darmkrebs im frühen Stadium
Creators: name: Ärztliches Zentrum Für Qualität In Der Medizin (ÄZQ)
Publisher: name: Bundesärztekammer (BÄK); Kassenärztliche Bundesvereinigung (KBV); Ärztliches Zentrum für Qualität in der Medizin (ÄZQ)
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Kurzinformation für Patienten
Building a Better Vector: The Manipulation of AAV Virions
Creators: name: Samulski, R. Jude
name: Rabinowitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: This review will focus on research directed at manipulating the virion of adeno-associated virus (AAV) with the goals of circumventing the immune response of the virion, as well as retargeting the virus to specific cell types of interest. The use of five AAV serotypes for addressing questions of Ab neutralization, novel tropism, as well as providing natural templates for targeting by virion modification will be discussed.
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection Imposes a G1/S Block in Asynchronously Growing Cells and Prevents G1 Entry in Quiescent Cells
Creators: name: Ehmann, Ginger L.
name: Bachenheimer, Steven L.
name: McLean, Tim I.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection disrupted cell cycle regulation in at least two ways. First, infection of quiescent human embryonic lung cells simultaneously with readdition of serum caused inhibition of cyclin D/cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4,6-specific and cyclin E/CDK2-specific phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein pRb. The inhibition of cyclin D/CDK4,6 kinase activity corresponded to a loss of cyclin D1 protein and a failure of CDK4 and CDK6 to translocate to the nucleus. Failure to detect cyclin E/CDK2 kinase activity was accompanied by a loss of cyclin E protein and a failure of CDK2 to translocate to the nucleus. Levels of pocket protein p130 persisted, whereas p107 did not accumulate. As a result of these effects on cyclin kinase, G0-infected cells failed to reenter the cell cycle. The second type of HSV-induced cell cycle dysregulation was observed in asynchronously dividing cell cultures. A rapid inhibition of preexisting cyclin E/CDK2 and cyclin A/CDK2 activities was observed in human embryonic lung cells, as well as two other human cell lines: C33 and U2OS. HSV-1 immediate-early gene expression was necessary for the inhibition of CDK2 kinase activity. Cyclin and CDK subunit protein levels, intracellular localization, and complex stability were unaffected by infection. In addition, levels of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p27 and p21, were not affected by HSV-1. Previous experiments demonstrated that in asynchronous infected cells, hypophosphorylated pRb and pocket protein–E2F complexes accumulated, and cellular DNA synthesis was rapidly inhibited. Coupled with the present results, this indicates that HSV-1 has evolved mechanisms for preventing cells in G1 from proceeding through the restriction point and for cells in S from completing a round of DNA replication.