cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The structural and health policy environment for delivering integrated HIV and substance use disorder treatments in Puerto Rico
Creators: name: Leff, Jared A.
name: Hernandez, Diana
name: Teixeira, Paul A.
name: Castellon, Pedro
name: Feaster, Daniel J.
name: Rodriguez, Allan E.
name: Santana-Bagur, Jorge L.
name: De León, Sandra M.
name: Vidot, José V.
name: Metsch, Lisa
name: Schackman, Bruce R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Intravenous drug abuse--Health aspects
Drug abuse--Treatment
HIV infections--Treatment
Mental health policy
Medical policy

description: Background:
                HIV prevalence in Puerto Rico is nearly twice that of the mainland United States, a level that was substantially fueled by injection drug use. Puerto Rico has a longstanding history of health provision by the public sector that directly affects how HIV and substance use disorder (SUD) treatment services are provided and funded. As part of pre-implementation research for a randomized trial of a community-level intervention to enhance HIV care access for substance users in San Juan, Puerto Rico, we sought to understand the structural and health policy environment for providing HIV and SUD treatments.

                Methods:
                We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews (n = 8) with government and program administrators in English and Spanish. Data were analyzed to identify dominant and recurrent themes.

                Results:
                Participants discussed how lack of integration among medical and mental health service providers, lack of public transportation, and turnover in appointed government officials were barriers to integrated HIV and SUD treatment. Federal funding for support services for HIV patients was a facilitator. The Affordable Care Act has limited impact in Puerto Rico because provisions related to health insurance reform do not apply to U.S. territories.

                Discussion and Conclusions:
                Implications for intervention design include the need to provide care coordination for services from multiple providers, who are often physically separated and working in different reimbursement systems, and the potential for mobile and patient transportation services to bridge these gaps. Continuous interaction with political leaders is needed to maintain current facilitators. These findings are relevant as the current economic crisis in Puerto Rico affects funding, and may be relevant for other settings with substance use-driven epidemics.
title: Low-medium frequencies loss artifact in arterial phase of dynamic liver studies with Gd-EOB-DTPA
Creators: name: Pratesi, Alice
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Not applicable
subject: Retrospective
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: MR
subject: MR physics
subject: Liver
subject: Contrast agents
subject: MRI

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Gadoxetate disodium is an MRI paramagnetic contrast agent that allows a dynamic liver study like a “traditional” contrast medium, while at the same time enabling the study of hepatobiliary phase and providing information on hepatocyte uptake....
DNA methylation and DNA methyltransferases
Creators: name: Edwards, John R.
name: Yarychkivska, Olya
name: Boulard, Mathieu
name: Bestor, Timothy H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Epigenetics
DNA--Methylation
Methyltransferases
Genomes
Methylation

description: The prevailing views as to the form, function, and regulation of genomic methylation patterns have their origin many years in the past, at a time when the structure of the mammalian genome was only dimly perceived, when the number of protein-encoding mammalian genes was believed to be at least five times greater than the actual number, and when it was not understood that only ~10% of the genome is under selective pressure and likely to have biological function. We use more recent findings from genome biology and whole-genome methylation profiling to provide a reappraisal of the shape of genomic methylation patterns and the nature of the changes that they undergo during gametogenesis and early development. We observe that the sequences that undergo deep changes in methylation status during early development are largely sequences without regulatory function. We also discuss recent findings that begin to explain the remarkable fidelity of maintenance methylation. Rather than a general overview of DNA methylation in mammals (which has been the subject of many reviews), we present a new analysis of the distribution of methylated CpG dinucleotides across the multiple sequence compartments that make up the mammalian genome, and we offer an updated interpretation of the nature of the changes in methylation patterns that occur in germ cells and early embryos. We discuss the cues that might designate specific sequences for demethylation or de novo methylation during development, and we summarize recent findings on mechanisms that maintain methylation patterns in mammalian genomes. We also describe the several human disorders, each very different from the other, that are caused by mutations in DNA methyltransferase genes.
Where stars form and live at high redshift: clues from the infrared
Creators: name: Béthermin, Matthieu
name: Doré, Olivier
name: Lagache, Guilaine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between dark matter halos and the loci of star formation at high redshift is a pressing question in contemporary cosmology. Matching the abundance of halos to the abundance of infrared (IR) galaxies, we explicit the link between dark matter halo mass (Mh), stellar mass (M*) and star-formation rate (SFR) up to a redshift of 2. Our findings are five-fold. First, we find a strong evolution of the relation between M* and SFR as a function of redshift with an increase of sSFR = SFR/M* by a factor ~30 between z=0 and z= 2.3. Second, we observe a decrease of sSFR with stellar mass. These results reproduce observed trends at redshift z>0.3. Third, we find that the star formation is most efficient in dark matter halos with Mh~5x10^11 Msun, with hints of an increase of this mass with redshift. Fourth, we find that SFR/Mh increases by a factor ~15 between z = 0 and z = 2.3. Finally we find that the SFR density is dominated by halo masses close to ~7x10^11 Msun at all redshift, with a rapid decrease at lower and higher halo masses. Despite its simplicity, our novel use of IR observations unveils some characteristic mass-scales governing star formation at high redshift.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted by A&A, y-axis label fixed in Fig 2 and 3
The Arm Movement Detection (AMD) test: a fast robotic test of proprioceptive acuity in the arm
Creators: name: Mrotek, Leigh A.
name: Bengtson, Maria
name: Stoeckmann, Tina
name: Botzer, Lior
name: Ghez De Castelnvovo, Claude
name: McGuire, John
name: Scheidt, Robert A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Robotics in medicine
subject: Cerebrovascular disease--Patients--Rehabilitation
subject: Proprioception

description: Background:
                We examined the validity and reliability of a short robotic test of upper limb proprioception, the Arm Movement Detection (AMD) test, which yields a ratio-scaled, objective outcome measure to be used for evaluating the impact of sensory deficits on impairments of motor control, motor adaptation and functional recovery in stroke survivors.

                Methods:
                Subjects grasped the handle of a horizontal planar robot, with their arm and the robot hidden from view. The robot applied graded force perturbations, which produced small displacements of the handle. The AMD test required subjects to respond verbally to queries regarding whether or not they detected arm motions. Each participant completed ten, 60s trials; in five of the trials, force perturbations were increased in small increments until the participant detected motion while in the others, perturbations were decreased until the participant could no longer detect motion. The mean and standard deviation of the 10 movement detection thresholds were used to compute a Proprioceptive Acuity Score (PAS). Based on the sensitivity and consistency of the estimated thresholds, the PAS quantifies the likelihood that proprioception is intact. Lower PAS scores correspond to higher proprioceptive acuity. Thirty-nine participants completed the AMD test, consisting of 25 neurologically intact control participants (NIC), seven survivors of stroke with intact proprioception in the more affected limb (HSS+P), and seven survivors of stroke with impaired or absent proprioception in the more affected limb (HSS-P).

                Results:
                Significant group differences were found, with the NIC and HSS+P groups having lower (i.e., better) PAS scores than the HSS-P group. A subset of the participants completed the AMD test multiple times and the AMD test was found to be reliable across repetitions.

                Conclusions:
                The AMD test required less than 15 min to complete and provided an objective, ratio-scaled measure of proprioceptive acuity in the upper limb. In the future, this test could be utilized to evaluate the contributions of sensory deficits to motor recovery following stroke.
title: Shear-wave elastography: a new potential method to diagnose ulnar neuropathy at the elbow.
Creators: name: Dabrowska-Thing, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuro
subject: Anatomy
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: Elastography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Image verification
subject: Prospective
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to verify if shear-wave elastography (SWE) can be used to diagnose ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE). The secondary objective was to compare the cross-sectional areas (CSA) of the ulnar nerve in the cubital tunnel...
The Hunchback temporal transcription factor establishes, but is not required to maintain, early-born neuronal identity
Creators: name: Hirono, Keiko
name: Kohwi, Minoree
name: Clark, Matt Q.
name: Heckscher, Ellie S.
name: Doe, Chris Q.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Transcription factors
subject: Neurons
subject: Drosophila

description: Background:
                           Drosophila and mammalian neural progenitors typically generate a diverse family of neurons in a stereotyped order. Neuronal diversity can be generated by the sequential expression of temporal transcription factors. In Drosophila, neural progenitors (neuroblasts) sequentially express the temporal transcription factors Hunchback (Hb), Kruppel, Pdm, and Castor. Hb is necessary and sufficient to specify early-born neuronal identity in multiple lineages, and is maintained in the post-mitotic neurons produced during each neuroblast expression window. Surprisingly, nothing is currently known about whether Hb acts in neuroblasts or post-mitotic neurons (or both) to specify first-born neuronal identity.

                Methods:
                Here we selectively remove Hb from post-mitotic neurons, and assay the well-characterized NB7-1 and NB1-1 lineages for defects in neuronal identity and function.

                Results:
                We find that loss of Hb from embryonic and larval post-mitotic neurons does not affect neuronal identity. Furthermore, removing Hb from post-mitotic neurons throughout the entire CNS has no effect on larval locomotor velocity, a sensitive assay for motor neuron and pre-motor neuron function.

                Conclusions:
                We conclude that Hb functions in progenitors (neuroblasts/GMCs) to establish heritable neuronal identity that is maintained by a Hb-independent mechanism.
                We suggest that Hb acts in neuroblasts to establish an epigenetic state that is permanently maintained in early-born neurons.
title: Correlation between background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), menopausal state and different stages of the mestrual cycle, performing the CESM examination
Creators: name: Moschetta, Marco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer
subject: Retrospective
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The aim of thise work is to evaluate the correlation between background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), age, menopausal status and menstrual cycle week in Contrast-Enhanced Spectral Mammography (CESM) imaging to verify the need to perform the exam in...
Modelling and control of feed drives
Creators: name: Ng, Kenneth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Feed drives are used in positioning of machine tools. The drives are actuated either by linear or rotary servo motors. The ball screw drives are driven by rotary motors; hence they have flexibility and added friction due to nut interface. Direct drives are driven by linear motors which have more mechanical stiffness, but less disturbance rejection due to missing load reduction mechanism. This thesis presents the modelling and control of drives with rigid and flexible structures. A single degree of freedom flexible oscillator is mounted on a high speed, rigid feed drive table for experimental illustration of system identification and the active control method proposed in the thesis. The rigid feed drive dynamics include the mechanical component of the rigid body mass and viscous damping, and the electrical component of the power amplifier and motor. The flexible component is modelled by springs, mass and damping elements. Both rigid and flexible dynamics of the system are identified experimentally through unbiased least square, sine sweep and impact model tests. The vibration of the single degree of freedom system is actively damped by an acceleration feedback inserted in the velocity loop. A Kalman filter is used to minimize the drift and noise on the acceleration measurements. The position loop is closed with a proportional controller. It is experimentally demonstrated that the vibrations of the flexible structure can be well damped. However, the acceleration feedback used at the resonance frequency greatly minimizes the bandwidth close to the vibration frequency. Further methods need to be used to expand the bandwidth beyond the natural frequency of the flexible structure by coping with the anti-resonant effect of the acceleration feedback.
QED at a finite chemical potential
Creators: name: Narayanan, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider multi-flavor QED on a finite lattice at a finite chemical potential and show that the partition function only depends on the variables, $(\frac{μ_i}{q_i} -\frac{μ_1}{q_1})$, for $i=2,...$, where $q_i$, $i=1...$ are integer valued charges of the various flavors and $μ_i$, $i=1...$ are the dimensional chemical potentials of the various flavors.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, minor changes to match the version to appear in Physical Review D
title: Cyberinfrastructure 2010 in the Rockies: big three points from breakout discussion groups
title: Cyberinfrastructure 2010 in the Rockies: a human centered approach
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Bullington, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2010
Subjects: discussion
Colorado State University
cyberinfrastructure
open access
OA
CI
event

description: Report, in points, from the afternoon breakout discussion groups at CI days: cyberinfrastructure in the Rockies - a human centered approach held on August 13, 2010, at Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado. This conference brought together librarians, IT staff, and faculty members from institutions in Colorado to explore cyberinfrastructure needs in academic/research environments and the topic of "Open Access" to information as it contributes to the formation of effective cyberinfrastructure. Funded as part of the nation-wide Cyberinfrastructure days initiative, the event was Sponsored by the Colorado State University Libraries, Colorado State University Information Science and Technology Committee (ISTeC), and Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries.
Placental mitochondrial DNA and CYP1A1 gene methylation as molecular signatures for tobacco smoke exposure in pregnant women and the relevance for birth weight
Creators: name: Janssen, Bram G.
name: Gyselaers, Wilfried
name: Byun, Hyang-Min
name: Roels, Harry A.
name: Cuypers, Ann
name: Baccarelli, Andrea A.
name: Nawrot, Tim S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Pregnant women--Tobacco use
Mitochondrial DNA
DNA--Methylation
Epigenetics
Birth weight, Low

description: Background:
                Maternal smoking during pregnancy results in an increased risk of low birth weight through perturbations in the utero-placental exchange. Epigenetics and mitochondrial function in fetal tissues might be molecular signatures responsive to in utero tobacco smoke exposure.

                Methods:
                In the framework of the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort, we investigated the effect of self-reported tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy on birth weight and the relation with placental tissue markers such as, (1) relative mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content as determined by real-time quantitative PCR, (2) DNA methylation of specific loci ﻿of mtDNA (D-loop and MT-RNR1), and (3) DNA methylation of the biotransformation gene CYP1A1 (the last two determined by bisulfite-pyrosequencing). The total pregnant mother sample included 255 non-smokers, 65 former-smokers who had quit smoking before pregnancy, and 62 smokers who continued smoking during pregnancy.

                Results:
                Smokers delivered newborns with a birth weight on average 208 g lower [95% confidence interval (CI) −318 to −99, p = 0.0002] than mothers who did not smoke during pregnancy. In the smoker group, the relative mtDNA content was lower (−21.6%, 95% CI −35.4 to −4.9%, p = 0.01) than in the non-smoker group; whereas, absolute mtDNA methylation levels of MT-RNR1 were higher (+0.62%, 95% CI 0.21 to 1.02%, p = 0.003). Lower CpG-specific methylation of CYP1A1 in placental tissue (−4.57%, 95% CI −7.15 to −1.98%, p
title: Pre-operative T and N Staging of Colorectal Cancer by CT-Colonography
Creators: name: Maestro Durán, María Alejandra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Abdominal Viscera
subject: Abdomen
subject: Colon
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: CT-Colonography
subject: Colonography CT
subject: Cancer
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death in the Western world . Prognosis and treatment of Colorectal Cancer (CRC) depend on the stage of the disease at the initial diagnosis. An oncological resection with...
Arithmetic of 0-cycles on varieties defined over number fields
Creators: name: Liang, Yongqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G25 (Primary) 11G35, 14M22 (Secondary)

description: Let $X$ be a rationally connected algebraic variety, defined over a number field $k$. We find a relation between the arithmetic of rational points on $X$ and the arithmetic of zero-cycles. More precisely, we consider the following statements: (1) the Brauer-Manin obstruction is the only obstruction to weak approximation for $K$-rational points on $X_K$ for all finite extensions $K/k$; (2) the Brauer-Manin obstruction is the only obstruction to weak approximation in some sense that we define for zero-cycles of degree 1 on $X_K$ for all finite extensions $K/k$; (3) a certain sequence of local-global type for Chow groups of 0-cycles on $X_K$ is exact for all finite extensions $K/k$. We prove that (1) implies (2), and that (2) and (3) are equivalent. We also prove a similar implication for the Hasse principle. As an application, we prove the exactness of the sequence mentioned above for smooth compactifications of certain homogeneous spaces of linear algebraic groups.
description: 21 pages, part of the main result appeared in an old version of the author's preprint (arXiv:1011.5995), the proof here is simplified
Liouville-Arnold integrability for scattering under cone potentials
Creators: name: Gorni, Gianluca
name: Zampieri, Gaetano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58F05 (Primary) 58F07, 70H05 (Secondary)

description: The problem of scattering of particles on the line with repulsive interactions, gives rise to some well-known integrable Hamiltonian systems, for example, the nonperiodic Toda lattice or Calogero's system. The aim of this note is to outline our researches which proved the integrability of a much larger class of systems, including some that had never been considered, such as the scattering with very-long-range interaction potential. The integrability of all these systems survives any small enough perturbation of the potential in an arbitrary compact set. Our framework is based on the concept of cone potentials, as defined below, which include the scattering on the line as a particular case.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1204.1713
Bacterial tail anchors can target to the mitochondrial outer membrane
Creators: name: Lutfullahoğlu-Bal, Güleycan
name: Keskin, Abdurrahman
name: Seferoğlu, Ayşe B.
name: Dunn, Cory D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biology
Bacterial proteins
Endosymbiosis
Mitochondrial membranes
Eukaryotic cells
Cell organelles--Formation

description: Background:
                During the generation and evolution of the eukaryotic cell, a proteobacterial endosymbiont was re-fashioned into the mitochondrion, an organelle that appears to have been present in the ancestor of all present-day eukaryotes. Mitochondria harbor proteomes derived from coding information located both inside and outside the organelle, and the rate-limiting step toward the formation of eukaryotic cells may have been development of an import apparatus allowing protein entry to mitochondria. Currently, a widely conserved translocon allows proteins to pass from the cytosol into mitochondria, but how proteins encoded outside of mitochondria were first directed to these organelles at the dawn of eukaryogenesis is not clear. Because several proteins targeted by a carboxyl-terminal tail anchor (TA) appear to have the ability to insert spontaneously into the mitochondrial outer membrane (OM), it is possible that self-inserting, tail-anchored polypeptides obtained from bacteria might have formed the first gate allowing proteins to access mitochondria from the cytosol.

                Results:
                Here, we tested whether bacterial TAs are capable of targeting to mitochondria. In a survey of proteins encoded by the proteobacterium Escherichia coli, predicted TA sequences were directed to specific subcellular locations within the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Importantly, TAs obtained from DUF883 family members ElaB and YqjD were abundantly localized to and inserted at the mitochondrial OM.

                Conclusions:
                Our results support the notion that eukaryotic cells are able to utilize membrane-targeting signals present in bacterial proteins obtained by lateral gene transfer, and our findings make plausible a model in which mitochondrial protein translocation was first driven by tail-anchored proteins.

                Reviewers:
                This article was reviewed by Michael Ryan and Thomas Simmen.
Light scattering in inhomogeneous Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids
Creators: name: Orignac, E.
name: Citro, R.
name: De Palo, S.
name: Chiofalo, M. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the dynamical structure factor for an inhomogeneous Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid as can be formed in a confined strongly interacting one-dimensional gas. In view of current experimental progress in the field, we provide a simple analytic expression for the light-scattering cross section, requiring only the knowledge of the density dependence of the ground-state energy, as they can be extracted e.g. from exact or Quantum Monte Carlo techniques, and a Thomas-Fermi description. We apply the result to the case of one-dimensional quantum bosonic gases with dipolar interaction in a harmonic trap, using an energy functional deduced from Quantum Monte Carlo computations. We find an universal scaling behavior peculiar of the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid, a signature that can be eventually probed by Bragg spectroscopy in experimental realizations of such systems.
description: 9 pages, RevTeX 4, 3 EPS figures (v2) corrected typos, improved figures
title: Interobserver Agreement of PI-RADS v. 2 Among Radiologists With Different Levels of Experience Compared with Histopathologic Outcome after Fusion-target Biopsy
Creators: name: Greco, Valentina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Oncologic Imaging
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Oncology
subject: MR
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cancer
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) improves the identification and characterization of prostate cancer 1 andperforms well in predicting the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer, with sensitivity of 93% 2 . In 2012, the...
title: Colorado State University: Information Science and Technology Center (ISTeC)
title: Cyberinfrastructure 2010 in the Rockies: a human centered approach
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Siegel, Howard Jay
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2010
Subjects: Information Science and Technology Center
ISTeC
Colorado State University

description: Presented at the CI days: cyberinfrastructure in the Rockies - a human centered approach held on August 13, 2010, at Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado. This conference brought together librarians, IT staff, and faculty members from institutions in Colorado to explore cyberinfrastructure needs in academic/research environments and the topic of "Open Access" to information as it contributes to the formation of effective cyberinfrastructure. Funded as part of the nation-wide Cyberinfrastructure days initiative, the event was Sponsored by the Colorado State University Libraries, Colorado State University Information Science and Technology Committee (ISTeC), and Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries.
description: The presenter is professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering and professor of Computer Science at Colorado State University.
Referral of children seeking care at private health facilities in Uganda
Creators: name: Mbonye, Anthony K.
name: Buregyeya, Esther
name: Rutebemberwa, Elizeus
name: Clarke, Siân E.
name: Lal, Sham
name: Hansen, Kristian S.
name: Magnussen, Pascal
name: Larussa, Philip Salvatore
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Health facilities
Children--Hospital care
Medical referral
Child health services

description: Background:
                In Uganda, referral of sick children seeking care at public health facilities is poor and widely reported. However, studies focusing on the private health sector are scanty. The main objective of this study was to assess referral practices for sick children seeking care at private health facilities in order to explore ways of improving treatment and referral of sick children in this sector.

                Methods:
                A survey was conducted from August to October 2014 in Mukono district, central Uganda. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire supplemented by Focus Group Discussions and Key Informant interviews with private providers and community members.

                Results:
                A total of 241 private health facilities were surveyed; 170 (70.5%) were registered drug shops, 59 (24.5%) private clinics and 12 (5.0%) pharmacies. Overall, 104/241 (43.2%) of the private health facilities reported that they had referred sick children to higher levels of care in the two weeks prior to the survey. The main constraints to follow referral advice as perceived by caretakers were: not appreciating the importance of referral, gender-related decision-making and negotiations at household level, poor quality of care at referral facilities, inadequate finances at household level; while the perception that referral leads to loss of prestige and profit was a major constraint to private providers.

                Conclusion:
                In conclusion, the results show that referral of sick children at private health facilities faces many challenges at provider, caretaker, household and community levels. Thus, interventions to address constraints to referral of sick children are urgently needed.
Minimum black hole mass from colliding Gaussian packets
Creators: name: Casadio, R.
name: Micu, O.
name: Orlandi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation of a black hole in the collision of two Gaussian packets. Rather than following their dynamical evolution in details, we assume a horizon forms when the mass function for the two packets becomes larger than half the flat areal radius, as it would occur in a spherically symmetric geometry. This simple approximation allows us to determine the existence of a minimum black hole mass solely related to the width of the packets. We then comment on the possible physical implications, both in classical and quantum physics, and models with extra spatial dimensions.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Characterizations of Projective Hulls by Analytic Discs
Creators: name: Drnovsek, Barbara Drinovec
name: Forstneric, Franc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32U05, 32H02, 32E10

description: The notion of the projective hull of a compact set in a complex projective space was introduced by Harvey and Lawson in 2006. In this paper we describe the projective hull by Poletsky sequences of analytic discs, in analogy to the known descriptions of the holomorphic and the plurisubharmonic hull.
description: minor changes; to appear in Illinois J. Math
Stationary Lifshitz black holes of R^2-corrected gravity theory
Creators: name: Sarioglu, Ozgur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short note, I present a generalization of a set of static D-dimensional (D >= 3) Lifshitz black holes, which are solutions of the gravitational model obtained by amending the cosmological Einstein theory with the addition of only the curvature-scalar-squared term and that are described by two parameters, to a more general class of exact, analytic solutions that involves an additional parameter which now renders them stationary. In the special D=3 and the dynamical exponent z=1 case, the parameters can be adjusted so that the solution becomes identical to the celebrated BTZ black hole metric.
description: 7 pages, no figures; ver. 2: added 5 new references (accepted by PRD as a Brief Report)
A general Extraplolation Theorem for absolutely summing operators
Creators: name: Pellegrino, Daniel
name: Santos, Joedson
name: Seoane-Sepúlveda, Juan B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note we prove a general version of the Extrapolation Theorem, extending the classical linear extrapolation theorem due to B. Maurey. Our result shows, in particular, that the operators involved do not need to be linear.
Institutional maternal and perinatal deaths: a review of 40 low and middle income countries
Creators: name: Bailey, Patricia E.
name: Andualem, Wasihun
name: Brun, Michel
name: Freedman, Lynn P.
name: Gbangbade, Sourou
name: Kante, Almamy Malick
name: Keyes, Emily
name: Libamba, Edwin
name: Moran, Allisyn C.
name: Mouniri, Halima
name: El Joud, Dahada O.
name: Singh, Kavita
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Mothers--Mortality
Perinatal death
Fetal death--Causes
Stillbirth
Epidemiology

description: Background:
                Understanding the magnitude and clinical causes of maternal and perinatal mortality are basic requirements for positive change. Facility-based information offers a contextualized resource for clinical and organizational quality improvement. We describe the magnitude of institutional maternal mortality, causes of death and cause-specific case fatality rates, as well as stillbirth and pre-discharge neonatal death rates.

                Methods:
                This paper draws on secondary data from 40 low and middle income countries that conducted emergency obstetric and newborn care assessments over the last 10 years. We reviewed 6.5 million deliveries, surveyed in 15,411 facilities. Most of the data were extracted from reports and aggregated with excel.

                Results:
                Hemorrhage and hypertensive diseases contributed to about one third of institutional maternal deaths and indirect causes contributed another third (given the overrepresentation of sub-Saharan African countries with large proportions of indirect causes). The most lethal obstetric complication, across all regions, was ruptured uterus, followed by sepsis in Latin America and the Caribbean and sub-Saharan Africa. Stillbirth rates exceeded pre-discharge neonatal death rates in nearly all countries, possibly because women and their newborns were discharged soon after birth.

                Conclusions:
                To a large extent, facility-based findings mirror what population-based systematic reviews have also documented. As coverage of a skilled attendant at birth increases, proportionally more deaths will occur in facilities, making improvements in record-keeping and health management information systems, especially for stillbirths and early neonatal deaths, all the more critical.
title: Robust Optimisation Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Ikonomov, Borislav
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Stochastic simulator-based models
subject: Bayesian inference
subject: Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC)
subject: approximate inference
subject: Optimisation Monte Carlo (OMC)
subject: Robust Optimisation Monte Carlo

description: Stochastic simulator-based models which generate data given some parameters are often used to describe complex processes in nature. Such models are commonly seen alongside Bayesian inference, where the goal is to estimate what parameters could have produced the observed data. This thesis focuses on the setting where sampling synthetic data from the simulator is possible but evaluating the likelihood function is typically prohibitively expensive. Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) is a framework to perform approximate inference in such situations. While basic ABC algorithms are robust and widely applicable, they are notoriously slow and much research has been focused on increasing their efficiency. One particular recently proposed ABC method is Optimisation Monte Carlo (OMC), which leverages optimisation to accelerate the inference and promises to be efficient and easily parallelisable. In this thesis, we demonstrate an important, previously unrecognised failure mode of OMC: it generates strongly overconfident approximate posteriors by collapsing regions of similar or near-constant likelihood into a single point. We analyse the OMC failure case and discover the conditions under which it happens. We then propose an efficient, robust generalisation of OMC which we call Robust Optimisation Monte Carlo. It not only corrects the aforementioned issue, but it also retains the main benefits of OMC, can be performed either as post-processing to OMC or as a stand-alone computation, and makes fewer assumptions, the most important of which is that it does not require the gradients of the simulator. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed Robust OMC on toy examples and tasks in inverse-graphics where we perform Bayesian inference with a complex image renderer. These computer vision experiments also show that our method can capture multi-modalities that arise from ambiguities in the observed data, which most current state-of-the-art inverse-graphics approaches cannot do well since they only produce point estimates rather than full posteriors.
title: Correlation between highter risk of breast carcinoma and the different ecographic patterns and mammographic density: preliminary results
Creators: name: Moschetta, Marco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Breast
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Normal variants
subject: Cancer
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The aim of the study is to evaluate the mammographic density and the echographic pattern in various cohorts of patients with different personal or family risk of breast cancer, to verify the existence of possible...
Collective charge fluctuations and Casimir interactions for quasi one-dimensional metals
Creators: name: Noruzifar, Ehsan
name: Emig, Thorsten
name: Mohideen, Umar
name: Zandi, Roya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Casimir interaction between two parallel metallic cylinders and between a metallic cylinder and plate. The material properties of the metallic objects are implemented by the plasma, Drude and perfect metal model dielectric functions. We calculate the Casimir interaction numerically at all separation distances and analytically at large separations. The large-distance asymptotic interaction between one plasma cylinder parallel to another plasma cylinder or plate does not depend on the material properties, but for a Drude cylinder it depends on the dc conductivity $σ$. At intermediate separations, for plasma cylinders the asymptotic interaction depends on the plasma wave length $λ_{\rm p}$ while for Drude cylinders the Casimir interaction can become independent of the material properties. We confirm the analytical results by the numerics and show that at short separations, the numerical results approach the proximity force approximation.
3D model of half chamber for OOC assembly with luer neddles
Creators: name: Morin, Alan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Chamber, G23 needle, microfluidics, luer, OOC, sldprt, STL, CAD

description: Version 3 of the chamber capable of holding two needles in front of each other connected by a silk tube. Format files: sldprt and stl.
title: Management of papillary breast lesions in a tertiary hospital in the Middle East: the past and the present practice.
Creators: name: Esmayil, Hiba
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Management
subject: Mammography
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Biopsy
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Vacuum assisted biopsy
subject: Patterns of Care
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Retrospective
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Intraductal papilloma (IDP) is a benign tumor that accounts for about 3–6% of breast core biopsy diagnoses. It's typically classified as a high-risk precursor lesion due to the possibility of harboring atypical ductal hyperplasia, ductal carcinoma...
Energetically stable singular vortex cores in an atomic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Lovegrove, Justin
name: Borgh, Magnus O.
name: Ruostekoski, Janne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the structure and stability of singular singly quantized vortices in a rotating spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate. We show that the singular vortex can be energetically stable in both the ferromagnetic and polar phases despite the existence of a lower-energy nonsingular coreless vortex in the ferromagnetic phase. The spin-1 system exhibits an energetic hierarchy of length scales resulting from different interaction strengths and we find that the vortex cores deform to a larger size determined by the characteristic length scale of the spin-dependent interaction. We show that in the ferromagnetic phase the resulting stable core structure, despite apparent complexity, can be identified as a single polar core with axially symmetric density profile which is nonvanishing everywhere. In the polar phase, the energetically favored core deformation leads to a splitting of a singly quantized vortex into a pair of half-quantum vortices that preserves the topology of the vortex outside the extended core region, but breaks the axial symmetry of the core. The resulting half-quantum vortices exhibit nonvanishing ferromagnetic cores.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures
The pathogenicity of copy number variants in children with intellectual disability
Creators: name: Zahir, Farah R
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Intellectual disability affects 1-3% of individuals globally, and, for half the cases, the cause is unknown. Recent studies using whole genome microarray genomic hybridization have shown that submicroscopic genomic imbalance causes intellectual disability in at least 10% of idiopathic cases with normal conventional cytogenetic analysis. I established genotype-phenotype correlations for de novo copy number variants detected by previous whole genome array genome hybridization studies performed by our group in children with intellectual disability. These genotype-phenotype correlations show that genomic imbalance of genes belonging to the epigenetic regulatory category, among others, are causative of intellectual disability. I hypothesized that dosage changes in the broad functional category of genes encoding epigenetic regulatory proteins are more likely to be pathogenic for intellectual disability than dosage changes in other kinds of genes. Epigenetic regulatory proteins include those with DNA methylation, histone modification or chromatin remodeling activity. I have selected all known genes encoding epigenetic regulatory proteins and defined probes to interrogate these candidate genes for copy number alteration as part of a custom targeted microarray design that selectively investigates all candidate genes associated with intellectual disability. We have conducted comparative genome hybridization on 177 patients with idiopathic intellectual disability using this array and on both normal parents of each affected child. We identified and independently validated 16 cases with de novo CNVs involving the epigenetic regulatory candidates. 7 of the 16 CNVs involve the same exon of the JARID2 gene, while the other 9 CNVs affect different genes. I discuss genotype-phenotype correlations for these cases and show that epigenetic perturbation by way of disruption of genes that encode epigenetic regulators is an important cause for intellectual disability.
Probabilistic Model Updating for Sizing of Hole-Edge Crack Using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors and the High-Order Extended Finite Element Method
Creators: name: He, Jingjing
name: Yang, Jinsong
name: Wang, Yongxiang
name: Waisman, Haim
name: Zhang, Weifang
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Bragg gratings
Finite element method
Structural health monitoring
Materials--Fatigue

description: This paper presents a novel framework for probabilistic crack size quantification using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. The key idea is to use a high-order extended finite element method (XFEM) together with a transfer (T)-matrix method to analyze the reflection intensity spectra of FBG sensors, for various crack sizes. Compared with the standard FEM, the XFEM offers two superior capabilities: (i) a more accurate representation of fields in the vicinity of the crack tip singularity and (ii) alleviation of the need for costly re-meshing as the crack size changes. Apart from the classical four-term asymptotic enrichment functions in XFEM, we also propose to incorporate higher-order functions, aiming to further improve the accuracy of strain fields upon which the reflection intensity spectra are based. The wavelength of the reflection intensity spectra is extracted as a damage sensitive quantity, and a baseline model with five parameters is established to quantify its correlation with the crack size. In order to test the feasibility of the predictive model, we design FBG sensor-based experiments to detect fatigue crack growth in structures. Furthermore, a Bayesian method is proposed to update the parameters of the baseline model using only a few available experimental data points (wavelength versus crack size) measured by one of the FBG sensors and an optical microscope, respectively. Given the remaining data points of wavelengths, even measured by FBG sensors at different positions, the updated model is shown to give crack size predictions that match well with the experimental observations.
title: Practical ultrasound seminars for medicine students as a method to teach basic ultrasound and radiology concepts
Creators: name: PATERNAIN NUIN, ALBERTO
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Prospective
subject: Education and training
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound physics
subject: Professional issues
subject: Abdomen
subject: Professional Issues

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The growing use ofultrasound examinations among the different medical specialties hasled to an increasing useof this technique in undergraduate medical education [1]. The introduction of radiology in undergraduate medical education has demonstrated...