cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Associations between Cholinesterase Inhibitors and Memantine Use and Health Outcomes among Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
Creators: name: Zhu, Carolyn W.
name: Livote, Elayne E.
name: Scarmeas, Nikolaos
name: Albert, Marilyn
name: Brandt, Jason
name: Blacker, Deborah
name: Sano, Mary
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Alzheimer's disease--Treatment
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Longitudinal studies
Neurology
Psychiatry

description: OBJECTIVES: To examine in an observational study (1) relationships between cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEI) and memantine use, and functional and cognitive end points and mortality in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD); (2) relationships between other patient characteristics and these clinical end points; and (3) whether effects of the predictors change across time. METHODS: The authors conducted a multicenter, natural history study that included three university-based AD centers in the United States. A total of 201 patients diagnosed with probable AD with modified Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores >/= 30 at study entry were monitored annually for 6 years. Discrete-time hazard analyses were used to examine relationships between ChEI and memantine use during the previous 6 months reported at each assessment, and time to cognitive (MMSE score = 10) and functional (Blessed Dementia Rating Scale score >/= 10) end points and mortality. Analyses controlled for clinical characteristics, including baseline cognition, function, and comorbid conditions, and presence of extrapyramidal signs and psychiatric symptoms at each assessment interval. Demographic characteristics included baseline age, sex, education, and living arrangement at each assessment interval. RESULTS: ChEI use was associated with delayed time in reaching the functional end point and death. Memantine use was associated with delayed time to death. Different patient characteristics were associated with different clinical end points. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest long-term beneficial effects of ChEI and memantine use on patient outcomes. As for all observational cohort studies, observed relationships should not be interpreted as causal effects.
title: Modellierung dynamischer Systeme mit zeitkontinuierlichen rekurrenten Fuzzy-Systemen
Creators: name: Adamy, Jürgen
name: Schwung, Andreas
Publisher: name: De Gruyter
Year: 2021

description: In diesem Beitrag wird die Anwendung zeitkontinuierlicher rekurrenter Fuzzy-Systeme (KRFS) zur Modellbildung technischer Systeme beschrieben. Ausgehend von der Systembeschreibung rekurrenter Fuzzy-Systeme werden Verfahren vorgestellt, mit denen das KRFS das Verhalten des Prozesses anhand von Messdaten und qualitativem Prozesswissen erlernen kann. Die Leistungsfähigkeit wird anhand der Modellierung eines biotechnologischen Prozesses gezeigt.
ESM from Transcriptomic responses to location learning by honeybee dancers are partly mirrored in the brains of dance-followers
Creators: name: Manfredini, Fabio
name: Wurm, Yannick
name: Sumner, Seirian
name: Leadbeater, Ellouise
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310509
subject: Genomics
classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour
classificationCode: 520499
subject: Cognitive and computational psychology not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementari methods and results
Evidence for Pottery Production from Brandling Street, Gateshead, Tyne and Wear
Creators: name: Guti�Rrez, Alejandra
name: Badreshany, Kamal
name: R Lowrey, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Ceramics: Journal of the Medieval Ceramics Research Group, 41, 67-82
description: This paper discusses a small assemblage of pottery recovered during archaeological monitoring in Brandling Street, Oakivellgate and Church Street, Gateshead. Most of the group comprises sherds from large 15th-century bunghole jugs or cisterns in a fabric known as 'later medieval reduced greenwares' (Fabrics 1 and 3), some of which are definitely wasters. These are discussed in detail, while the other medieval and later fabrics are summarised. Apart from some burnt surfaces no further structural evidence related to pottery manufacture was found during fieldwork, but as the wasters are from ashy deposits it is felt that the entire group of 'later medieval reduced greenwares' sherds represents local production somewhere in the vicinity of the site. As a review of the evidence for pottery manufacture in the North-East shows this to be very scant, this assemblage is of great interest and will help us understand local production in the late medieval period. Initial WDXRE was carried out on four wasters, confirming that the composition of the fabrics is almost identical and providing a reference point for future studies.
New relativistic dissipative fluid dynamics from kinetic theory
Creators: name: Jaiswal, Amaresh
name: Bhalerao, Rajeev S.
name: Pal, Subrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting with the relativistic Boltzmann equation where the collision term is generalized to include nonlocal effects via gradients of the phase-space distribution function, and using Grad's 14-moment approximation for the distribution function, we derive equations for the relativistic dissipative fluid dynamics. We compare them with the corresponding equations obtained in the standard Israel-Stewart and related approaches. Our method generates all the second-order terms that are allowed by symmetry, some of which have been missed by the traditional approaches based on the 14-moment approximation, and the coefficients of other terms are altered. The first-order or Navier-Stokes equations too get modified. Significance of these findings is demonstrated in the framework of one-dimensional scaling expansion of the matter formed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, version to appear in PLB
Search for a W' or techni-rho decaying into WZ in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search is performed in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV for exotic particles decaying via WZ to final states with electrons and muons. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of approximately 5 inverse femtobarns. No significant excess is observed in the data above the expected standard model background. Upper bounds at 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section of the W' boson described by the sequential standard model and on the W'WZ coupling. W' bosons with masses below 1143 GeV are excluded. Limits are also set in the context of low-scale technicolor models, under a range of assumptions concerning the model parameters.
description: Submitted to Physical Review Letters
Literacy and Memory Decline among Ethnically Diverse Elders
Creators: name: Manly, Jennifer J.
name: Touradji, Pegah
name: Tang, Mingxin
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Neurology
Neuropsychology
Memory in old age
Literacy
Ethnicity

description: Literacy may be a more powerful indicator of brain reserve than years of education. Literacy level may be a proxy for native intellectual capacity or life experience that can compensate for brain damage or provide brain reserve. Alternately, the experience of acquiring literacy skills may in itself change the organization of the brain and increase protection against cognitive decline. However, because people with low levels of literacy obtain poor scores on most cognitive measures, only longitudinal studies can elucidate the role of reading ability in reserve. We determined whether literacy skills could predict cognitive change in a sample of 136 English-speaking African American, Caucasian, and Hispanic elders selected from a longitudinal aging study in New York City. According to a physician’s independent examination, all participants were nondemented throughout the four longitudinal assessments. Literacy level was assessed using the WRAT-3 reading subtest. After accounting for age at baseline and years of education, GEE analyses showed that elders with low levels of literacy had a steeper decline in both immediate and delayed recall of a word list over time as compared to high literacy elders. Our findings suggest that literacy skills are protective against memory decline among nondemented elders.
Analysis of casino shelf shuffling machines
Creators: name: Diaconis, Persi
name: Fulman, Jason
name: Holmes, Susan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Many casinos routinely use mechanical card shuffling machines. We were asked to evaluate a new product, a shelf shuffler. This leads to new probability, new combinatorics and to some practical advice which was adopted by the manufacturer. The interplay between theory, computing, and real-world application is developed.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AAP884 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Can a Lamb Reach a Haven Before Being Eaten by Diffusing Lions?
Creators: name: Gabel, Alan
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Panduranga, Nagendra K.
name: Redner, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the survival of a single diffusing lamb on the positive half line in the presence of N diffusing lions that all start at the same position L to the right of the lamb and a haven at x=0. If the lamb reaches this haven before meeting any lion, the lamb survives. We investigate the survival probability of the lamb, S_N(x,L), as a function of N and the respective initial positions of the lamb and the lions, x and L. We determine S_N(x,L) analytically for the special cases of N=1 and N--->oo. For large but finite N, we determine the unusual asymptotic form whose leading behavior is S_N(z)\simN^{-z^2}, with z=x/L. Simulations of the capture process very slowly converge to this asymptotic prediction as N reaches 10^{500}.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, IOP format; v2: small changes in response to referee and editor comments
Adaptability and Growth Performance of Introduced Bamboo Species in North East Ethiopia
Creators: name: Getachew, Gezahagn
name: Wudu, Derbie
name: Alamire, Gebeyehu
name: Kasahun, Hodaddis
name: Ayalew, Andualem
name: Redae, Tigabu
name: Wudu, Muluken
Publisher: name: Abyssinia Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2021

description: The common bamboo species in Ethiopia are Arundinaria alpina and Oxytenanthera abyssinica. Arundinaria alpina is a highland bamboo species growing in altitudes from 2400 – 3500 and Oxytenanthera abyssinica is a lowland bamboo growing within the altitudes from 500 - 1800 meter above sea level. But those two bamboo species grow scarcely in the study area. Keeping the importance of increasing diversity, generation of high economic earnings would possible through introducing available bamboo species for different agroecology. From this perspective, it is imperative to identify the best adaptable exotic bamboo species in the north eastern part of Amhara region. The experiment was conducted in Kobo research site of Amhara regional state, Ethiopia. Randomized complete block design with three replications was used to conduct the experiment. Bamboo seedlings were obtained from international network for bamboo and rattan (INBAR-Ethiopia) and planted on July 22/ 2013. An observation on the survival of the propagated material, diameter, height and number of newly emerged shoots were recorded every three months with follow up on every month. The species were Denderocalamus brandisii, Bambusa tulda, Bambusa balcooa and Denderocalamus asper. The results showed that, Bambusa balcooa and Bambusa tulda has better survival percentage than Denderocalamus brandisii and Denderocalamus asper. Additionally, Bambusa balcooa and Bambusa tulda had significantly higher height and Diameter at Breast Height than Denderocalamus asper. Therefore, both Bambusa balcooa and Bambusa tulda should be demonstrated and popularized around kobo and other areas that have similar soil and climatic conditions.
description: Abyssinia Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 6 No. 1 (2021)
Review: Gran Bretagna e Italia Tra Mediterraneo E Atlantico: Livorno - 'Tin Porto Mglese'. Italy And Britain Between Mediterranean And Atlantic Worlds: Leghorn - 'An English Port'
Creators: name: Guti�Rrez, Alejandra
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Ceramics: Journal of the Medieval Ceramics Research Group, 41, 89-92
description: Publication review
Clinical Characteristics and in-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Acute Heart Failure at Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia
Creators: name: Bogale, Kassahun
name: Aderaw, Assasu
Publisher: name: Abyssinia Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2021

description: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally. An estimated 17.9 million people died from CVDs in 2019, representing 32% of all global deaths. Of these deaths, 85% were due to heart attack and stroke. Acute heart failure (AHF) is one of the most common diseases in emergency department and associated with a poor prognosis and high mortality rate. This study is aimed to assess the mortality rate of AHF patients at Dessie Referral Hospital. A retrospective cross-sectional study design was employed. All adult patients with a diagnosis of AHF who were admitted during the period January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 were included. Data was abstracted from the medical records by trained data collectors. Bivariate and multivariate analyses logistic regression analysis was carried out to assess the association between dependent and all the independent variables. In the study, a total of 96 acute heart failure patients participated. 49 (51 %) were females. The mean age was 52.5 (SD= ±20.28) years. Two third of patients (62, 64.6%) were newly diagnosed AHF patients. The mean length of hospital stay was 5.13 days (SD = ±3.92). Acute pulmonary congestion (86, 89.58%), orthopnea (78, 81.25%) and peripheral edema (64, 66.67%) were the most common clinical presentations. The most common prior medical conditions were Myocardial infarction (19, 19.8%) and valvular heart disease (8, 8.3%). Loop diuretics were the most commonly used drugs (87, 90.63%) during admission. In-hospital mortality was found to be 22.9%. We concluded that the in-hospital mortality was very high for acute heart failure patients at Dessie referral Hospital.
description: Abyssinia Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 6 No. 1 (2021)
Distinct Spatial Patterns of Brain Activity Associated with Memory Storage and Search
Creators: name: Zarahn, Eric
name: Rakitin, Brian C.
name: Abela, Diane
name: Flynn, Joseph
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cognition
subject: Brain--Imaging
subject: Magnetic resonance imaging
subject: Memory

description: The time it takes for a human participant to decide whether a given stimulus is an element of a remembered set increases approximately linearly with the number of elements in the set. Here we tested for and detected a spatial pattern of brain activity whose magnitude of expression during this memory search process correlates with set size. We then tested the idea that memory search simply involves a re-activation of neurons involved in remembering the set by statistically comparing the patterns of brain activity corresponding to memory search and set size dependent working memory maintenance. These patterns were significantly different, suggesting that memory search and working memory maintenance are mediated by distinct neural mechanisms.
Inverse Relationship between Education and Parietotemporal Perfusion Deficit in Alzheimer's Disease
Creators: name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Alexander, Gene E.
name: Prohovnik, Isak
name: Mayeux, Richard Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: Neurology
Alzheimer's disease--Patients
Education
Parietal lobes
Cerebral circulation

description: A higher prevalence of dementia in individuals with fewer years of education has suggested that education may protect against Alzheimer's disease (AD). We tested whether individuals with more years of education have a more advanced AD before it is clinically evident. As a measure of pathophysiological severity, we quantified regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), by the 133Xenon inhalation technique; a specific pattern of flow reduction in the parietotemporal cortex corresponds to AD pathology. In 3 groups of patients with probable AD, matched for clinical measures of dementia severity but with varying levels of education, whole-cortex mean flows were comparable. However, the parietotemporal perfusion deficit was significantly greater in the group with the highest level of education, indicating that AD was more advanced in this group. We conclude that education or its covariates or both may provide a reserve that compensates for the neuropathological changes of AD and delays the onset of its clinical manifestations.
Estimation of Genetic Distance among Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Crosses in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Workayehu, Manamno
name: Mohammed, Wassu
name: Abebe, Tesfaye
name: Derebe, Bitwoded
Publisher: name: Abyssinia Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2021

description: In Ethiopia, there is very little effort has been carried in determining on genetic information of potato crosses. This study was conducted to determine the genetic distance among 81 potato clones. Parents with their hybrid offspring were evaluated for 18 traits in a 9 x 9 simple lattice design and their genetic diversity was determined using multivariate analysis. The Euclidean distances estimates showed that the genetic distances ranged from 1.57 to 14.35 cM with a mean of 5.77. Cluster analysis revealed that the parents and offspring were grouped into sixteen clusters. The maximum number of clones were grouped in cluster V followed by cluster I with 15 clones and cluster VI with 13 clones. Cluster mean analysis showed a wide range of variation for several characters among single as well as multi-genotypic clusters. Clones produced from biparental crosses of Jalene with Aterababa and Belete with Aterababa showed high inter and intra cluster distance than Shenkola with Gera crosses. The first four principal components accounted for 72.7% of the total variations; where principal component analysis 1and 2 with values of 33.8% and 16.6%, respectively, which contributed to 50% of total variations. Total yield per hectare, tuber yield per plant, marketable tuber yield and stem height had much contribution to the principal component analysis. The current study suggests the higher chance of developing genetically distant clones through local crossing to produce heterotic hybrids. Considering diversity pattern, parents should be selected from I, II, X, XI and XII clusters to improve potato crop.
description: Abyssinia Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 6 No. 1 (2021)
Operator solutions for fractional Fokker-Planck equations
Creators: name: Gorska, K.
name: Penson, K. A.
name: Babusci, D.
name: Dattoli, G.
name: Duchamp, G. H. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain exact results for fractional equations of Fokker-Planck type using evolution operator method. We employ exact forms of one-sided Levy stable distributions to generate a set of self-reproducing solutions. Explicit cases are reported and studied for various fractional order of derivatives, different initial conditions, and for different versions of Fokker-Planck operators.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Assessment of Knowledge and Attitudes towards Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and Perceptions towards Premarital Sex among College students: A Cross-sectional Study
Creators: name: Tsegaye, Kindu
Publisher: name: Abyssinia Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2021

description: University/college students are at risk to Human immunodeficiency Virus because of their risky sexual behaviors. Interventions based on data are, therefore, crucial to mitigate the challenge related to human immunodeficiency virus among college/university students. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of students at Gondar College of Teacher Education towards human immunodeficiency virus and their perceptions towards premarital sex. A cross-sectional quantitative survey employed on 400 students. Sample size determined using single population proportion formula where the individual participants selected by simple random sampling technique after proportionately stratified in department & year of study. The Data was collected through self-administered questionnaires and presented in frequencies and percentages. Inferential statistics determined using chi-square, independent t-test, and one-way Analysis of Variance. Most respondents (94.3%) had excellent knowledge of human immunodeficiency virus; some reported misconceptions. Third-year and sexually inexperienced students showed a low level of knowledge on human immunodeficiency virus (F = 6.198, p = 0.002). Many respondents (35.6%) had negative attitudes towards people living with human immunodeficiency virus. Chi-square analysis showed that negative attitude towards acquired immunodeficiency syndrome significantly associated with females (ꭓ2 (1) = 6.420, p = 0.011), unmarried respondents (ꭓ2 (1) = 4.178, p = 0.041), and younger ages (ꭓ2 (2) = 11.278, p = 0.01). One-hundred twenty-five (37.7%) respondents claimed a history of sexual experience. Many respondents (23.5% to 62.3%) showed permissive attitudes towards premarital sex. Most respondents showed good knowledge about human immunodeficiency virus & positive attitudes, however, some misconceptions, negative attitudes, and sexual practices observed in the study. Many respondents showed permissive behaviors towards premarital sex. Thus, future research and human immunodeficiency virus prevention interventions in the college should focus on behavior change models and strengthening cultural norms.
description: Abyssinia Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 6 No. 1 (2021)
Assessment of Major Insect Pests and Diseases of Sesame (Sesamum orientale L) in West Gondar Zone, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Kefale, Yohannes
name: Ambaw, Asfaw
name: Worku, Mintesnot
name: Gelaye, Misganaw
Publisher: name: Abyssinia Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2021

description: The field survey was conducted in four districts of western Gondar Zone during 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons at 3-5 km intervals with the objective of assessing and identifying major insect pests and diseases and their intensity on sesame. Data were collected using 0.25 m2 quadrate. Among insect pests, sesame webworm (86.2%) and aphid (86.2%) were the most prevalent and severe followed by thrips, mealybug, and gallmaige with a prevalence of 62.5%, 44.5% and 2.25%, respectively. The prevalence of webworm was 100% in West Armachiho district. Only altitude and growth stage were significantly associated with the intensity of insect pests. Bacterial blight, Cercospora leaf spot, wilt, and phyllody were identified with different levels of intensity across districts. The highest mean prevalence of bacterial blight (88.5%) and Cercospora leaf spot (90.4%) were recorded at Metema and Tegede districts, respectively. The association of independent variables varies with the intensity of sesame diseases. Variables such as altitude, variety, the growth stage of the crop and previous crop were significantly associated with bacterial blight, Cercospora leaf spot, and wilt severity. Therefore, management options should be developed for those most prevalent and severe insect pests and diseases in the future.
description: Abyssinia Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 6 No. 1 (2021)
Do Neuropsychological Tests Have the Same Meaning in Spanish Speakers as They Do in English Speakers?
Creators: name: Siedlecki, Karen L.
name: Manly, Jennifer J.
name: Brickman, Adam M.
name: Schupf, Nicole
name: Tang, Mingxin
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Neuropsychology
Neuropsychological tests
English language--Translating into Spanish
Translating and interpreting
Cognition--Age factors

description: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine whether neuropsychological tests translated into Spanish measure the same cognitive constructs as the original English versions. METHOD: Older adult participants (N = 2,664), who did not exhibit dementia from the Washington Heights Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP), a community-based cohort from northern Manhattan, were evaluated with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. The study cohort includes both English (n = 1,800) and Spanish speakers (n = 864) evaluated in their language of preference. Invariance analyses were conducted across language groups on a structural equation model comprising four neuropsychological factors (memory, language, visual-spatial ability, and processing speed). RESULTS: The results of the analyses indicated that the four-factor model exhibited partial measurement invariance, demonstrated by invariant factor structure and factor loadings but nonequivalent observed score intercepts. CONCLUSION: The finding of invariant factor structure and factor loadings provides empirical evidence to support the implicit assumption that scores on neuropsychological tests are measuring equivalent psychological traits across these two language groups. At the structural level, the model exhibited invariant factor variances and covariances.
Exact relations between particle fluctuations and entanglement in Fermi gases
Creators: name: Calabrese, Pasquale
name: Mintchev, Mihail
name: Vicari, Ettore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive exact relations between the Renyi entanglement entropies and the particle number fluctuations of spatial connected regions in systems of N noninteracting fermions in arbitrary dimension. We prove that the asymptotic large-N behavior of the entanglement entropies is proportional to the variance of the particle number. We also consider 1D Fermi gases with a localized impurity, where all particle cumulants contribute to the asymptotic large-N behavior of the entanglement entropies. The particle cumulant expansion turns out to be convergent for all integer-order Renyi entropies (except for the von Neumann entropy) and the first few cumulants provide already a good approximation. Since the particle cumulants are accessible to experiments, these relations may provide a measure of entanglement in these systems.
description: 6 pages
CR electrons and positrons: what we have learned in the latest three years and future perspectives
Creators: name: Gaggero, Daniele
name: Grasso, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After the PAMELA finding of an increasing positron fraction above 10 GeV, the experimental evidence for the presence of a new electron and positron spectral component in the cosmic ray zoo has been recently confirmed by Fermi-LAT. We show that a simple phenomenological model which assumes the presence of a primary electron and positron extra component allows a consistent description of all available data sets. We then describe the most relevant astrophysical uncertainties which still prevent to determine the electron+positron source properties from those data and the perspectives of forthcoming experiments.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, Proceeding of the 3th ICATPP Conference on Astroparticle, Particle, Space Physics and Detectors for Physics Applications, Villa Olmo (Como), 3-7 October 2011)
The effect of discharge variability on the heat budget and tributary mixing dynamics of a proglacial river
Creators: name: Knudson, Justin M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: A distinctive characteristic of proglacial streams is unsteady streamflow associated with diurnal ice melt. The role of discharge variability on downstream temperatures is not well understood. This study addressed the influence of diurnal discharge fluctuations on temperature by quantifying longitudinal heat advection and unsteady flow effects in a heat budget model for a proglacial stream in the Coast Mountains of British Columbia, Canada. Given advection has not been quantified in previous modeling studies, the dominant role of advection over surface heat fluxes found here was surprising. Advection was expected to have a considerable cooling effect due to the flow contributions from cold meltwater. This effect was confirmed while discharge generally increased; however, advection also exhibited a diurnal warming phase of similar magnitude and duration as the cooling phase, while flow generally decreased. The role of discharge variability on transverse mixing dynamics found in previous studies has been inconsistent. Here, transverse mixing lengths tended to be longer with greater tributary flow relative to the main channel. These findings need to be confirmed with further research.
Emergent probability fluxes in confined microbial navigation: Data and code
Creators: name: Cammann, Jan
name: Schwarzendahl, Fabian J.
name: Ostapenko, Tanya
name: Lavrentovich, Danylo
name: Bäumchen, Oliver
name: Mazza, Marco G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Data and code to go alongside the publication of: "Emergent probability fluxes in confined microbial navigation"
Bayesian optimal adaptive estimation using a sieve prior
Creators: name: Arbel, Julyan
name: Gayraud, Ghislaine
name: Rousseau, Judith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive rates of contraction of posterior distributions on nonparametric models resulting from sieve priors. The aim of the paper is to provide general conditions to get posterior rates when the parameter space has a general structure, and rate adaptation when the parameter space is, e.g., a Sobolev class. The conditions employed, although standard in the literature, are combined in a different way. The results are applied to density, regression, nonlinear autoregression and Gaussian white noise models. In the latter we have also considered a loss function which is different from the usual l2 norm, namely the pointwise loss. In this case it is possible to prove that the adaptive Bayesian approach for the l2 loss is strongly suboptimal and we provide a lower bound on the rate.
description: 33 pages, 2 figures
Is Residual Memory Variance a Valid Method for Quantifying Cognitive Reserve? A Longitudinal Application
Creators: name: Zahodne, Laura B.
name: Manly, Jennifer J.
name: Brickman, Adam M.
name: Narkhede, Atul
name: Griffith, Erica Y.
name: Guzman, Vanessa A.
name: Schupf, Nicole
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Neuropsychology
Cognition--Age factors
Memory--Age factors
Dementia

description: Cognitive reserve describes the mismatch between brain integrity and cognitive performance. Older adults with high cognitive reserve are more resilient to age-related brain pathology. Traditionally, cognitive reserve is indexed indirectly via static proxy variables (e.g., years of education). More recently, cross-sectional studies have suggested that reserve can be expressed as residual variance in episodic memory performance that remains after accounting for demographic factors and brain pathology (whole brain, hippocampal, and white matter hyperintensity volumes). The present study extends these methods to a longitudinal framework in a community-based cohort of 244 older adults who underwent two comprehensive neuropsychological and structural magnetic resonance imaging sessions over 4.6 years. On average, residual memory variance decreased over time, consistent with the idea that cognitive reserve is depleted over time. Individual differences in change in residual memory variance predicted incident dementia, independent of baseline residual memory variance. Multiple-group latent difference score models revealed tighter coupling between brain and language changes among individuals with decreasing residual memory variance. These results suggest that changes in residual memory variance may capture a dynamic aspect of cognitive reserve and could be a useful way to summarize individual cognitive responses to brain changes. Change in residual memory variance among initially non-demented older adults was a better predictor of incident dementia than residual memory variance measured at one time-point.
The Second Catalog of Active Galactic Nuclei Detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope
Creators: name: LAT Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The second catalog of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) in two years of scientific operation is presented. The Second LAT AGN Catalog (2LAC) includes 1017 gamma-ray sources located at high Galactic latitudes (|b|>10°) that are detected with a test statistic greater than 25 and associated statistically with AGNs. However some of these are affected by analysis issues and some are associated with multiple AGNs. Consequently we define a clean sample which includes 886 AGNs, comprising 395 BL Lacertae objects (BL Lacs), 310 flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), 157 candidate blazars of unknown type (i.e., with broad-band blazar characteristics but with no optical spectral measurement yet), eight misaligned AGNs, four narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1s), 10 AGNs of other types and two starburst galaxies. Where possible, the blazars have been further classified based on their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) as archival radio, optical, and X-ray data permit. While almost all FSRQs have a synchrotron-peak frequency 10^14 Hz, about half of the BL Lacs have a synchrotron-peak frequency >10^15 Hz. The 2LAC represents a significant improvement relative to the First LAT AGN Catalog (1LAC), with 52% more associated sources. The full characterization of the newly detected sources will require more broad-band data. Various properties, such as gamma-ray fluxes and photon power law spectral indices, redshifts, gamma-ray luminosities, variability, and archival radio luminosities---and their correlations are presented and discussed for the different blazar classes. The general trends observed in 1LAC are confirmed.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. 103 pages, 45 figures, 9 tables. Full tables are available at http://www.asdc.asi.it/fermi2lac/
Re-interpretation of Supra-Arcade Downflows in Solar Flares
Creators: name: Savage, Sabrina L.
name: McKenzie, David E.
name: Reeves, Katharine K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the eruption of a filament from a flaring active region, sunward-flowing voids are often seen above developing post-eruption arcades. First discovered using the soft X-ray telescope aboard Yohkoh, these supra-arcade downflows (SADs) are now an expected observation of extreme ultra-violet (EUV) and soft X-ray coronal imagers and spectrographs (e.g, TRACE, SOHO/SUMER, Hinode/XRT, SDO/AIA). Observations made prior to the operation of AIA suggested that these plasma voids (which are seen in contrast to bright, high-temperature plasma associated with current sheets) are the cross-sections of evacuated flux tubes retracting from reconnection sites high in the corona. The high temperature imaging afforded by AIA's 131, 94, and 193 Angstrom channels coupled with the fast temporal cadence allows for unprecedented scrutiny of the voids. For a flare occurring on 2011 October 22, we provide evidence suggesting that SADs, instead of being the cross-sections of relatively large, evacuated flux tubes, are actually wakes (i.e., trailing regions of low density) created by the retraction of much thinner tubes. This re-interpretation is a significant shift in the fundamental understanding of SADs, as the features once thought to be identifiable as the shrinking loops themselves now appear to be "side effects" of the passage of the loops through the supra-arcade plasma. In light of the fact that previous measurements have attributed to the shrinking loops characteristics that may instead belong to their wakes, we discuss the implications of this new interpretation on previous parameter estimations, and on reconnection theory.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, Published to ApJL
Field effect on surface states in a doped Mott-Insulator thin film
Creators: name: Esfahani, D. Nasr
name: Covaci, L.
name: Peeters, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface effects of a doped thin film made of a strongly correlated material are investigated both in the absence and presence of a perpendicular electric field. We use an inhomogeneous Gutzwiller approximation for a single band Hubbard model in order to describe correlation effects. For low doping, the bulk value of the quasiparticle weight is recovered exponentially deep into the slab, but with increasing doping, additional Friedel oscillations appear near the surface. We show that the inverse correlation length has a power-law dependence on the doping level. In the presence of an electrical field, considerable changes in the quasiparticle weight can be realized throughout the system. We observe a large difference (as large as five orders of magnitude) in the quasiparticle weight near the opposite sides of the slab. This effect can be significant in switching devices that use the surface states for transport.
Shape Similarity in Drug Discovery
Creators: name: Pirie, Rachael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Presentation for Turing Community Week Research Showcase: The chemical space containing drug-like molecules is vast. Despite advances, it is slow and expensive to screen more than a tiny fraction of this space experimentally. The use of virtual screening to predict the likelihood of a molecule having a therapeutic effect considers a wider area of this space while reducing cost, time and human effort. However, the full potential of computer-aided drug design is often under-exploited. One potential solution to rectify this is to use shape-based similarity searching, as similar molecules are also likely to have similar biological activity. Shape similarity is quantified by considering mathematical approximations to 3D molecular shape. These approximations allow for quick screening of large databases compared to traditional methods. Consideration of the general shape also facilitates an increase in the diversity of the molecules suggested for further testing. This increased diversity helps to reduce failure in drug screening due to issues such as toxicity. This poster discusses our work to date implementing a new shape representation based on the molecular surface using the Kähler potential (a concept drawn from superstring theory and differential geometry). This simplifies the problem of describing an apple in 3D, for example, by a description of the shape of its skin. In traditional virtual screening, the distance between two matrices gives a measure of their similarity. Here we present our initial results and an outline of the planned work to be completed during the Enrichment placement investigating the usefulness of these shape descriptors in machine learning for drug discovery.
Interrater Reliability of Extrapyramidal Signs in a Group Assessed for Dementia
Creators: name: Richards, Marcus
name: Marder, Karen
name: Bell, Karen L.
name: Dooneief, George
name: Mayeux, Richard Paul
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: Neurology
Dementia
Reliability
Extrapyramidal disorders

description: Extrapyramidal signs were rated by three neurologists in 20 patients who had either been diagnosed as having probable Alzheimer's disease or who were being evaluated for dementia. In general, good inter-rater reliability was found for the presence or absence of extrapyramidal signs, although agreement over the presence of some signs was reduced when distinctions between normality and slight departures from normality were required.
Constraining the dipole moments of the top quark
Creators: name: Kamenik, Jernej F.
name: Papucci, Michele
name: Weiler, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the direct and indirect bounds on dipole operators involving the top quark. A careful analysis shows that the experimental upper limit on the neutron electric dipole moment strongly constrains the chromo-electric dipole of the top. We improve previous bounds by two orders of magnitude. This has significant implications for new physics models and it also means that CP violation in top pair production mediated by dipole operators will not be accessible at the LHC. The CP conserving chromo-magnetic dipole moments are constrained by recent measurements of the t\bar t spectrum by the ATLAS collaboration. We also update the indirect constraints on electric and magnetic dipole moments from radiative b -> s transitions, finding that they can be considerably larger than their colored counterparts.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures; extended and updated discussion of constraints on top EDM and MDM from rare B decays; typos corrected
Non-hermitian exciton dynamics in a photosynthetic unit system
Creators: name: Thilagam, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-hermitian quantum dynamics of excitonic energy transfer in photosynthetic systems is investigated using a dissipative two-level dimer model. The approach is based on the Green's function formalism which permits consideration of decoherence and intersite transfer processes on comparable terms. The results indicate a combination of coherent and incoherent behavior at higher temperatures with the possibility of exceptional points occurring at the coherent-incoherent crossover regime at critical temperatures. When each dimer site is coupled equally to the environmental sources of dissipation, the excitonic wavepacket evolves with time with a coherent component, which can be attributed to the indistinguishability of the sources of dissipation. The time evolution characteristics of the B850 Bchls dimer system is analysed using typical parameter estimates in photosynthetic systems, and the quantum brachistochrone passage times are obtained for a range of parameters.
description: misprints corrected
Quantum Walks on Necklaces and Mixing
Creators: name: Kieferova, Maria
name: Nagaj, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze continuous-time quantum walks on necklace graphs - cyclical graphs consisting of many copies of a smaller graph (pearl). Using a Bloch-type ansatz for the eigenfunctions, we block-diagonalize the Hamiltonian, reducing the effective size of the problem to the size of a single pearl. We then present a general approach for showing that the mixing time scales (with growing size of the necklace) similarly to that of a simple walk on a cycle. Finally, we present results for mixing on several necklace graphs.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, typos corrected, acknowledgements updated
Ischemic Stroke and Depression
Creators: name: Desmond, David W.
name: Remien, Robert Howard
name: Moroney, Joan T.
name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Sano, Mary
name: Williams, Janet B. W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Neurology
Neuropsychology
Depression, Mental
Cerebrovascular disease

description: Previous studies of depression after stroke have reported widely variable findings, possibly due to differences between studies in patient characteristics and methods for the assessment of depression, small sample sizes, and the failure to examine stroke-free reference groups to determine the base rate of depression in the general population. In an effort to address certain of those methodologic issues and further investigate the frequency and clinical determinants of depression after stroke, we administered the Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (SIGH–D) and neurological, neuropsychological, and functional assessments to 421 patients (age = 71.5 ± 8.0 years) 3 months after ischemic stroke and 249 stroke-free control subjects (age = 70.8 ± 6.7 years). We required a SIGH–D total score > 11 for the identification of depression. We found that depression was less frequent (47/421 patients, or 11.2%, and 13/249 control subjects, or 5.2%), less severe, and less persistent in our stroke cohort than previously reported, possibly due to the underrepresentation of patients with a premorbid history of affective illness. Depression was associated with more severe stroke, particularly in vascular territories that supply limbic structures; dementia; and female sex. SIGH–D item analyses suggested that a reliance on nonsomatic rather than somatic symptoms would result in the most accurate diagnoses of depression after ischemic stroke.
Temperature Dependence of Superconducting Gaps in Mg(Al)B2 System Investigated by SnS-Andreev Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Kuzmichev, S. A.
name: Shanygina, T. E.
name: Tchesnokov, S. N.
name: Krasnosvobodtsev, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed temperature dependence of both superconducting gaps was obtained directly by means of SnS-Andreev spectroscopy. The Δσ,π(T) -curves were shown to be deviated from standard BCS-like behavior, due to k-space proximity effect between σ- and π- condensates, which could give a key to experimental determination of interband electron-phonon coupling constants. For the first time, an excellent qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions of Nicol and Carbotte, and Moskalenko and Suhl was shown. dI(V)/dV-spectra of SnS-Andreev contacts based on MgB2 samples (with defects of crystal structure), and Mg(Al)B2 polycrystalline samples (with the local critical temperatures Tc variation 10 K < Tc < 37 K) were studied by means of the "break-junction" technique within the temperature range 4.2 K < T < Tc.
description: 13 pages; 3 figures; typos are corrected in v3; submitted to Solid State Communications