cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PEDAGOGICAL MECHANISMS FOR DEVELOPING CREATIVE AND CRITICAL THINKING IN THE 21st CENTURY
Creators: name: Ismailov, Tokhirjon
name: Yuldasheva, Shakhnoza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article considers one of the most urgent tasks facing the education system in the 21st century - the formation and development of students' creative and critical thinking skills. The author analyzes the theoretical and methodological foundations of creative and critical thinking based on modern pedagogical approaches and identifies effective pedagogical mechanisms that serve their development. The article describes ways to develop critical and creative thinking by introducing innovative methods, interactive exercises, problem-based learning, and collaborative learning into the educational process. It also highlights the importance of equipping students with skills such as independent thinking, a new approach to the problem, and making informed decisions within the framework of the 21st century competencies.
Nameriophyes Xue & Zhang 2008, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Zhang, Zhi-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Eriophyidae
Nameriophyes

description: Nameriophyes gen. nov.
 Type species. Nameriophyes sapidae sp. nov.
 Diagnosis. Body fusiform; prodorsal shield with a broad frontal lobe, dorsal tubercles ahead of rear shield margin, setae directed anterior; all coxal setae present; prosternal apodeme absent; legs with usual series of setae; dorsal opisthosoma evenly curved, ventrally with microtuberculate annuli, opisthosoma with all usual setae; female genitalia appressed to coxal plates, coverflap with 2 uneven ranks; empodium entire.
 Etymology. The generic name is combined from N.A.M. (for Nicholas A. Martin, New Zealand entomologist/acarologist and collector of several species in this paper) and Eriophyes; masculine in gender.
 Notes. The new genus is assigned to Eriophyoidea, Eriophyidae, Cecidophyinae, Colomerini. The new genus is similar to Esalquia Flechtmann, 2002, but can be differentiated from the latter by the following: 1) the dorsal tubercles normal and setae directed anterior (prodorsal shield with two large tuberosities and setae set on anterior declivity of tuberosities, directed outwards in Esalquia); 2) dorsal opisthosoma evenly curved (dorsal opisthosoma with middorsal trough and two subdorsal ridges in Esalquia); 3) tarsal empodium simple, 3-rayed (tarsal empodium divided, 4-rayed each in Esalquia).
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng & Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, 2008, New Zealand Eriophyoidea (Acari: Prostigmata): an update with descriptions of one new genus and six new species, pp. 1-32 in Zootaxa 1962 (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1962.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5241647
Low innate immune-gene diversity in the critically endangered orange-bellied parrot (Neophema chrysogaster)
Creators: name: Morrison, Caitlin E.
name: Hogg, Carolyn J.
name: Gales, Rosemary
name: Johnson, Rebecca N.
name: Grueber, Catherine E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Outbreaks of disease in threatened species can increase the likelihood of extinction by reducing population size. Low immunogenetic diversity can increase susceptibility to, and severity of, disease outbreaks. Our study measured genetic diversity at innate immune genes the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in a critically endangered Australian bird, the orange-bellied parrot (Neophema chrysogaster). Conservation of this species has recently been challenged by several disease outbreaks. We found low diversity at six TLR genes in both captive and wild orange-bellied parrot populations, similar to results seen in other threatened bird species. Three loci were found to be monomorphic across all samples, including birds which were recorded to have been involved in recent disease events. Phylogenetic analysis of TLR sequences from Neophema chrysogaster as well as representatives of all other species within parrot genera Neophema and Neopsephotus revealed a small number of sites under pervasive and/or episodic positive selection, and a number of sites under negative selection. This study is the first to investigate functional genetic diversity in the orange-bellied parrot.
Search for the Familon via $B^{\pm}\to π^{\pm}X^{0}$, $B^{\pm}\to K^{\pm}X^{0}$, and $B^{0}\to K_{S}^{0} X^{0}$ Decays
Creators: name: Ammar, R.
name: Collaboration, CLEO
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have searched for the two-body decay of the B meson to a light pseudoscalar meson $h = π^+, K^+, K^0_S$ and a massless neutral weakly-interacting particle $X^0$ such as the familon, the Nambu-Goldstone boson associated with a spontaneously broken global family symmetry. We find no significant signal by analyzing a data sample containing 9.7 million $B\bar{B}$ mesons collected with the CLEO detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring, and set a 90% C.L. upper limit of $4.9 \times 10^{-5}$ and $5.3 \times 10^{-5}$ on the branching fraction for the decays $B^+ \to h^+ X^0$ and $B^0 \to K^0_S X^0$, respectively. These upper limits correspond to a lower bound of about $10^{8}$ GeV on the family symmetry breaking scale involving the third generation of quarks.
description: 10 pages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS
Cloud shape of a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate in a disordered trap: a case study of the dirty boson problem
Creators: name: Nagler, Benjamin
name: Radonjić, Milan
name: Barbosa, Sian
name: Koch, Jennifer
name: Pelster, Axel
name: Widera, Artur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate, both experimentally and theoretically, the static geometric properties of a harmonically trapped Bose-Einstein condensate of ${}^6$Li$_2$ molecules in laser speckle potentials. Experimentally, we measure the in-situ column density profiles and the corresponding transverse cloud widths over many laser speckle realizations. We compare the measured widths with a theory that is non-perturbative with respect to the disorder and includes quantum fluctuations. Importantly, for small disorder strengths we find quantitative agreement with the perturbative approach of Huang and Meng, which is based on Bogoliubov theory. For strong disorder our theory perfectly reproduces the geometric mean of the measured transverse widths. However, we also observe a systematic deviation of the individual measured widths from the theoretically predicted ones. In fact, the measured cloud aspect ratio monotonously decreases with increasing disorder strength, while the theory yields a constant ratio. We attribute this discrepancy to the utilized local density approximation, whose possible failure for strong disorder suggests a potential future improvement.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
RNAi Mediated Silencing of Cell Wall Invertase Inhibitors to Increase Sucrose Allocation to Sink Tissues in Transgenic Camelina Sativa Engineered with a Carbon Concentrating Mechanism
Creators: name: Zuber, Joshua
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: Plant invertases are a class of proteins that have enzymatic function in cleaving sucrose to fructose and glucose. Cell wall invertase, located on the exterior of the cell wall of plant cells, plays a key role in the unloading of sucrose from the apoplast to the sink tissues. Cell wall invertase interacts with an inhibitor, cell wall invertase inhibitor, post-transcriptionally to regulate its activity. The inhibitor is constitutively expressed in pollen development, early developing seeds, and senescing leaves: indicative of sucrose allocation being a limiting factor at these stages of development. We introduced algal bicarbonate transporters LCIA/CCP1 to Camelina sativa for the purpose of increasing photosynthetic capacity. The bicarbonate transporters concentrate CO2 at RuBisCO by pumping CO2 in the form of bicarbonate through the membrane, then converting it back to CO2 at RuBisCO, increasing CO2 concentration. Results from these plants have shown an increase in seed number, but not seed mass, along with a faster rate of maturity and senescence. This is indicative of acclimation to high CO2 conditions, resulting from insertion of the bicarbonate transporters. RNA sequencing was performed and a putative invertase inhibitor was recognized as being expressed in the transgenic C. sativa but not in the wild type. Our strategy is to knock out two invertase inhibitors using induced RNA silencing, dramatically altering sucrose allocation into developing seeds and resulting in an increase in seed biomass. It is the aim of this research to increase the biomass of C. sativa seeds in order to increase its effectiveness as an agent to create sustainable biofuels.
Interactive Learning for Identifying Relevant Tweets to Support Real-time Situational Awareness
Creators: name: Snyder, Luke S.
name: Lin, Yi-Shan
name: Karimzadeh, Morteza
name: Goldwasser, Dan
name: Ebert, David S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Various domain users are increasingly leveraging real-time social media data to gain rapid situational awareness. However, due to the high noise in the deluge of data, effectively determining semantically relevant information can be difficult, further complicated by the changing definition of relevancy by each end user for different events. The majority of existing methods for short text relevance classification fail to incorporate users' knowledge into the classification process. Existing methods that incorporate interactive user feedback focus on historical datasets. Therefore, classifiers cannot be interactively retrained for specific events or user-dependent needs in real-time. This limits real-time situational awareness, as streaming data that is incorrectly classified cannot be corrected immediately, permitting the possibility for important incoming data to be incorrectly classified as well. We present a novel interactive learning framework to improve the classification process in which the user iteratively corrects the relevancy of tweets in real-time to train the classification model on-the-fly for immediate predictive improvements. We computationally evaluate our classification model adapted to learn at interactive rates. Our results show that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art machine learning models. In addition, we integrate our framework with the extended Social Media Analytics and Reporting Toolkit (SMART) 2.0 system, allowing the use of our interactive learning framework within a visual analytics system tailored for real-time situational awareness. To demonstrate our framework's effectiveness, we provide domain expert feedback from first responders who used the extended SMART 2.0 system.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, IEEE VIS VAST 2019, TVCG
Tiny clue reveals the general trend: a bibliometric and visualized analysis of renal microcirculation
Creators: name: Wang, Bing
name: Xu, Mengting
name: Fu, Sunjing
name: Wang, Yingyu
name: Ling, Hao
name: Li, Yuan
name: Li, Bingwei
name: Liu, Xueting
name: Ouyang, Qin
name: Zhang, Xiaoyan
name: Li, Ailing
name: Zhang, Xu
name: Liu, Mingming
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Marine Biology
Science Policy

description: Renal microcirculation plays a pivotal role in kidney function by maintaining structural and functional integrity, facilitating oxygen and nutrient delivery, and waste removal. However, a thorough bibliometric analysis in this area remains lacking. Therefore, we aim to provide valuable insights through a bibliometric analysis of renal microcirculation literature using the Web of Science database. We collected renal microcirculation-related publications from the Web of Science database from January 01, 1990, to December 31, 2022. The co-authorship of authors, organizations, and countries/regions was analyzed with VOSviewer1.6.18. The co-occurrence of keywords and co-cited references were analyzed using CiteSpace6.1.R6 software to generate visualization maps. Additionally, burst detection was applied to keywords and cited references to forecast research hotspots and future trends. Our search yielded 7462 publications, with the American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology contributing the most articles. The United States, Mayo Clinic, and Lerman Lilach O emerged with the highest publication count, indicating their active collaborations. ‘Type 2 diabetes’ was the most significant keyword cluster, and ‘diabetic kidney disease’ was the largest cluster of cited references. ‘Cardiovascular outcome’ and ‘diabetic kidney diseases’ were identified as keywords in their burst period over the past three years. Our bibliometric analysis illuminates the contours of nephrology and microcirculation research, revealing a landscape ripe for challenges and the seeds of future scientific innovation. While the trends discerned from the literature emerging opportunities in diagnostic innovation, renal microcirculation research, and precision medicine interventions, their translation to clinical practice is anticipated to be a deliberate process.
Muon Decay Spectrum: Leading Logarithmic Approximation
Creators: name: Arbuzov, Andrej
name: Czarnecki, Andrzej
name: Gaponenko, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: O(alpha^2 ln^2(m_mu/m_e)) QED corrections to the electron spectrum and angular distribution in muon decay are evaluated. Impact on the determination of Michel parameters is estimated. Current theoretical uncertainty in the muon decay distributions is discussed.
description: 8 pages, LaTeX, revtex4.cls, 6 PostScript figures
The Quality of Life Among Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Creators: name: Moroney, Katharine F
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that may affect several aspects of communication, including social and pragmatic functioning. There is a paucity of research in general involving adults with ASD, especially in the United States. Moreover, the strand of research that is significantly lacking involves the quality of life among adults with ASD. While considering the increase in the prevalence of ASD, it is important to empirically investigate the Quality of Life (QoL) of adults with ASD. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines QoL as, “the individual’s perception of their position in life… ranging from the person’s physical health, psychological state, level of independence, social relationships, personal beliefs, and their relationship to salient features of their environment” (WHO; The WHOQoL Group, 1995). A review of the literature evaluating the QoL of individuals with ASD revealed that the main focus has been on the cognitive functioning and academic achievement; however, these measures alone do not predict QoL (Burgess & Gutstein, 2007). The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate those variables deemed to contribute most to QoL in a sample population of adults (18 years and older) with ASD using a cross-sectional descriptive research method. Participants were age and gender matched with neurotypically developing individuals. This study identified factors that significantly influenced QoL in a sample population of adults with ASD. Early intervention, including middle and high school transitioning of students with ASD should proactively address those variables that are deemed to yield positive QoL outcomes.
Search for New Physics Using Quaero: A General Interface to D0 Event Data
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe Quaero, a method that i) enables the automatic optimization of searches for physics beyond the standard model, and ii) provides a mechanism for making high energy collider data generally available. We apply Quaero to searches for standard model WW, ZZ, and ttbar production, and to searches for these objects produced through a new heavy resonance. Through this interface, we make three data sets collected by the D0 experiment at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV publicly available.
description: 7 pages, submitted to Physical Review Letters
The Under Wing Home
Creators: name: Harrington, David
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: It is quite astonishing that most homes being built today fail to adequately respond to natural disasters. Looking within the last decade, the data indicates that these disasters are more frequent than they once were, and are affecting a larger geographical area. Many believe that these patterns will only escalate. The magnitude and frequency of these tornadoes and hurricanes are hard to ignore. The power and destruction inflicted has affected most Americans in a multitude of ways.
We simply cannot continue to build homes using typical methods of construction in these disaster-prone areas. To re-build a home in the same manner on top of a post-disaster site is the definition of insanity.
This thesis aims to bridge the gap and merge the benefits of the safety associated with living in a concrete bunker and the perception of quality of space associated with living in a glass home. An analysis of feasibility and difficulty of construction, and cost will help set parameters early on in the design phase. The goal is that the resultant home could be deployed in both pre and post disaster areas. The challenge, I am addressing, is designing a home that is impervious to tornado and hurricane while offering a delightful space of dwelling.
Additional file 1 of A Guarneri violin in the attic: the power of dendrochronology for analysing musical instruments
Creators: name: Bernabei, Mauro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file1: Tree-ring data in Tucson format.
Equivalence Postulate and the Quantum Potential of Two Free Particles
Creators: name: Matone, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Commutativity of the diagram of the maps connecting three one--particle state, implied by the Equivalence Postulate (EP), gives a cocycle condition which unequivocally leads to the quantum Hamilton--Jacobi equation. Energy quantization is a direct consequences of the local homeomorphicity of the trivializing map. We review the EP and show that the quantum potential for two free particles, which depends on constants which may have a geometrical interpretation, plays the role of interaction term that admits solutions which do not vanish in the classical limit.
description: 7 pages, LaTeX. Talk at the First International Conference on String Cosmology. Oxford, United Kingdom. July 2002
Trans-Planckian censorship and single-field inflaton potential
Creators: name: Kadota, Kenji
name: Shin, Chang Sub
name: Terada, Takahiro
name: Tumurtushaa, Gansukh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently proposed that a field theory cannot be consistent with quantum gravity if it allows a mode shorter than the Planck length to exit the Hubble horizon. This is called the Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture (TCC). We discuss the implications of the TCC on the possible shape of the inflaton potential in single-field slow-roll inflation. We point out that (1) there is generically an initial condition in which the total e-folding number $N_\text{total}$ is doubled or more compared to the e-folds necessary for the cosmic microwave background fluctuations, and (2) a sizable negative running of spectral index is generically expected to make $N_\text{total}$ small. In concrete setups, we find a stringent constraint on the inflationary energy scale, $V_\text{inf}^{1/4} < \mathcal{O}(10) \, \text{TeV}$ with $r < \mathcal{O}(10^{-50})$, and the running parameter is bounded above as $α_\text{s} \lesssim - 4 \times 10^{-3}$.
description: 30 pages, 4 figures; published version (minor revision)
Not All Gaze Cues Are the Same: Face Biases Influence Object Attention in Infancy
Creators: name: Pickron, Charisse
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: In their first year, infants’ ability to follow eye gaze to allocate attention shifts from being a response to low-level perceptual cues, to a deeper understanding of social intent. By 4 months infants look longer to uncued versus cued targets following a gaze cuing event, suggesting that infants better encode targets cued by shifts in eye gaze compared to targets not cued by eye gaze. From 6 to 9 months of age infants develop biases in face processing such that they show increased differentiation of faces within highly familiar groups (e.g., own-race) and a decreased differentiation of faces within unfamiliar or infrequently experienced groups (e.g., other-race). Although the development of cued object learning and face biases are both important social processes, they have primarily been studied independently. The current study examined whether early face processing biases for familiar compared to unfamiliar groups influences object encoding within the context of a gaze-cuing paradigm. Five- and 10-month-old infants viewed videos of adults, who varied by race and sex, shift their eye gaze towards one of two objects. The two objects were then presented side-by-side and fixation duration for the cued and uncued object was measured. Results revealed 5-month-old infants look significantly longer to uncued versus cued objects when the cuing face was a female. Additionally, 10-month-old infants displayed significantly longer looking to the uncued relative to the cued object when the cuing face was a female and from the infant’s own-race group. These findings are the first to demonstrate that perceptual narrowing based on sex and race shape infants’ use of social cues for allocating visual attention to objects in their environment.
TXNIP deficiency attenuates renal fibrosis by modulating mTORC1/TFEB-mediated autophagy in diabetic kidney disease
Creators: name: Du, Yunxia
name: Wu, Ming
name: Song, Shan
name: Bian, Yawei
name: Shi, Yonghong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Virology

description: Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is an important regulatory protein for thioredoxin (TRX) that elicits the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by inhibiting the redox function of TRX. Abundant evidence suggests that TXNIP is involved in the fibrotic process of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, the potential mechanism of TXNIP in DKD is not yet well understood. In this study, we found that TXNIP knockout suppressed renal fibrosis and activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and restored transcription factor EB (TFEB) and autophagy activation in diabetic kidneys. Simultaneously, TXNIP interference inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation (EMT), collagen I and fibronectin expression, and mTORC1 activation, increased TFEB nuclear translocation, and promoted autophagy restoration in HK-2 cells exposed to high glucose (HG). Rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTORC1, increased TFEB nuclear translocation and autophagy in HK-2 cells under HG conditions. Moreover, the TFEB activators, curcumin analog C1 and trehalose, effectively restored HG-induced autophagy, and abrogated HG-induced EMT and collagen I and fibronectin expression in HK-2 cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that TXNIP deficiency ameliorates renal fibrosis by regulating mTORC1/TFEB-mediated autophagy in diabetic kidney diseases.
Membranes and Matrices: Architecture as an Interface
Creators: name: Mudawar, Nayef
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: What are the implications of digitalization on the role of architecture and our understanding of space? The digital experience is one that is highly customizable, responsive, and interactive. Physical buildings strive to become more connected to their environments and their users, by incorporating these same qualities. Traditional building methods and design principles produce static structures with a defined function and program, an approach which is in conflict with virtual space where functions which once were separated now easily flow and merge into one another. Buildings have the potential to become even more situated within their local by incorporating ideas of interactivity and responsiveness as they become uniquely shaped by their users and local climates. Digitalization therefore has ironically brought the design industries closer to the fields of biology and chemistry as information is seen to be at the core of everything. My proposal is for a public innovation space situated in the new innovation district in downtown Springfield, and will explore issues of privacy, openness, materiality, transparency, and the integration of technology with architecture such that the space itself becomes an interface for exchange.
Additional file 1 of Comparison of structure- and ligand-based scoring functions for deep generative models: a GPCR case study
Creators: name: Thomas, Morgan
name: Smith, Robert T.
name: O’Boyle, Noel M.
name: De Graaf, Chris
name: Bender, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supporting information, tables and figures.
Hanns Eisler's "Das Vorbild" and the Rebuilding of Musical Culture in the German Democratic Republic
Creators: name: Wells, Alyssa
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: In his essay, “Musik und Musikverständnis” (1927), Hanns Eisler (1898-1962) wrote that "the evaluation of a piece of music calls for the understanding of the elements of harmony, polyphony, and form," and that one who is not privy to this understanding will "be in the same situation as one who hears a speech in Chinese, without an understanding of Chinese.” Eisler maintained that music could be rendered intelligible through “a gradual rebuilding of musical culture.” This new musical culture, which he believed could only occur after the proletariat seized societal power from the bourgeoisie, would promote musical education and encourage the composition of intelligible music.
Although Eisler had composed music for the proletariat throughout his career, the creation of the German Democratic Republic facilitated his participation in educating the proletariat in aspects of traditionally bourgeois culture. One key example of this was his composition Das Vorbild [The Example] (1952).
This thesis presents the first detailed analysis of Das Vorbild and demonstrates it as representative of Eisler’s musical and societal aspirations—particularly concerning education. Analysis of the working manuscripts for Das Vorbild in conjunction with Eisler’s writings reveals a piece that embodies the utopist aspirations of this Marxist composer. In light of this analysis, I contend that Das Vorbild is representative of Eisler’s work toward a new musical culture within a socialist society.
Magnetotransport properties of untwinned YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{y} single crystals: Novel 60-K-phase anomalies in the charge transport
Creators: name: Ando, Yoichi
name: Segawa, Kouji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the result of our accurate measurements of the a- and b-axis resistivity (ρ_a and ρ_b), magnetoconductivity (Δσ/ σ), Hall coefficient R_H, and the a-axis thermopower S_a in untwinned YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{y} single crystals in a wide range of doping (6.45 < y < 7.0). The systematics of our data reveals a number of novel 60-K-phase anomalies in the charge transport: (i) Temperature dependences of ρ_a show anomalous overlap below ~130 K for 6.65 < y < 6.80, (ii) Hall mobility μ_H shows an enhancement near y ~ 6.65, which is reflected in an anomalous y dependence of σ_{xy}, (iii) With decreasing temperature R_H shows a marked drop upon approaching T_c only in samples with 6.70 < y < 6.85, (iv) Superconducting fluctuation magnetoconductivity is anomalously enhanced near y ~ 6.7, and (v) H_{c2} is anomalously reduced near y ~ 6.70. We discuss that the fluctuating charge stripes might be responsible for these anomalies in the charge transport.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures. Invited paper to be published in the Proceedings of the SNS-2001 Conference (Special Issue of the Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids)
Same-Sex Parent Socialization: Associations between Gay and Lesbian Parenting Strategies and Child Behavioral Adjustment
Creators: name: Oakley, Marykate T
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: Cultural socialization has been linked with child development and outcome, but, to date, the majority of research has focused on race and ethnicity. However, since families headed by gay and lesbian parents experience stigma related to parental sexual orientation, socialization practices may be uniquely important for families headed by gay and lesbian parents. The present study examined same-sex parent socialization among 54 families headed by gay and lesbian parents (52 fathers, 43 mothers, 51 school-aged children) using a cultural socialization framework. Findings revealed that parents engaged in socialization along three dimensions: Cultural Socialization, Preparation for Bias, and Proactive Parenting. Children perceived same-sex parent socialization with less frequency than parents reported engaging in these behaviors across all dimensions. In general, same-sex parent socialization was not associated with child behavioral adjustment. Neither same-sex parent socialization nor child behavioral adjustment was associated with whether parents were gay or lesbian. Results from this study justify the need to broaden our conceptualization of cultural socialization to be more inclusive of these diverse family structures.
Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy: Mathematical theory, computational challenges, and opportunities
Creators: name: Bendory, Tamir
name: Bartesaghi, Alberto
name: Singer, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, an abundance of new molecular structures have been elucidated using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), largely due to advances in hardware technology and data processing techniques. Owing to these new exciting developments, cryo-EM was selected by Nature Methods as Method of the Year 2015, and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2017 was awarded to three pioneers in the field. The main goal of this article is to introduce the challenging and exciting computational tasks involved in reconstructing 3-D molecular structures by cryo-EM. Determining molecular structures requires a wide range of computational tools in a variety of fields, including signal processing, estimation and detection theory, high-dimensional statistics, convex and non-convex optimization, spectral algorithms, dimensionality reduction, and machine learning. The tools from these fields must be adapted to work under exceptionally challenging conditions, including extreme noise levels, the presence of missing data, and massively large datasets as large as several Terabytes. In addition, we present two statistical models: multi-reference alignment and multi-target detection, that abstract away much of the intricacies of cryo-EM, while retaining some of its essential features. Based on these abstractions, we discuss some recent intriguing results in the mathematical theory of cryo-EM, and delineate relations with group theory, invariant theory, and information theory.
T violation in $Λ_b\to Λ\ell^+\ell^-$ decays with polarized $Λ$
Creators: name: Chen, Chuan-Hung
name: Geng, C. Q.
name: Ng, J. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the T violating effects in the baryonic decays of $Λ_b\toΛl^+l^- (l=e ,μ)$ with polarized $Λ$. We show that the transverse $Λ$ polarizations in these baryonic decays could be as large as 50% in CP violating theories beyond the standard model such as the SUSY models, which can be tested in various future hadron colliders.
description: 10 pages, 3 Figures, version published in Phys. Rev. D
The Relationship between Arousal, Personality, and Perception of Control in a Gambling Task
Creators: name: Pagnier, Guillaume J
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: The somatic marker hypothesis posits that physiological arousal is partially responsible for decision-making behavior. Arousal, measured by skin conductance responses (SCR), increases before deck choice in the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). These markers co-vary with performance -- pathological gamblers lack these markers and perform poorly. Personality also modulates IGT behavior – high-novelty-seeking (NS) individuals tend to perform worse. In the IGT, participants decide which deck to select, creating a potential confound between personality, performance, and arousal. For example, high-NS individuals select the bad decks more often, potentially causing habituation and a muted SCR. The first goal of this research was to replicate the finding that personality modulates arousal in a task which removes these confounds. Participants selected a series of cards from two decks. Each card was either a win or loss. Real money was used. To remove the potential confound between choice and outcome, all participants experienced the same outcomes regardless of choice. SCR was measured during the task. Personality characteristics previously shown to modulate gambling behavior, such as sensation seeking (SS), were measured. Arousal may also occur during other phases of gambling, for example, before or after the outcome is revealed. To date, few studies have examined the relationship between arousal in these different phases. The second goal was to determine this relationship. The phases of gambling (pre-choice, anticipation, and outcome) were temporally separated to allow for precise SCR measurement in each phase. The final goal was to determine the relationship between perceived control and physiological arousal. An 'illusion of control', e.g., pulling the lever on a slot machine, promotes gambling, especially in pathological gamblers. Little work has addressed the relationship between personality, control, and arousal. In different sessions, participants either selected the next card or the next card was selected for them. SS decreased arousal during all three gambling phases. The perception of control decreased arousal during the pre-choice phase only. This latter effect was strongest for low-SS individuals. The ramifications of this study are clear: identifying how physiological responses vary with personality opens up avenues for potential treatment of problem gambling.
Breaking a dark degeneracy: The gamma-ray signature of early matter domination
Creators: name: Delos, M. Sten
name: Linden, Tim
name: Erickcek, Adrienne L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Universe's early thermal history is poorly constrained, and it is possible that it underwent a period of early matter domination driven by a heavy particle or an oscillating scalar field that decayed into radiation before the onset of Big Bang nucleosynthesis. The entropy sourced by this particle's decay reduces the cross section required for thermal-relic dark matter to achieve the observed abundance. This degeneracy between dark matter properties and the thermal history vastly widens the field of viable dark matter candidates, undermining efforts to constrain dark matter's identity. Fortunately, an early matter-dominated era also amplifies density fluctuations at small scales and leads to early microhalo formation, boosting the dark matter annihilation rate and bringing smaller cross sections into the view of existing indirect-detection probes. Employing several recently developed models of microhalo formation and evolution, we develop a procedure to derive indirect-detection constraints on dark matter annihilation in cosmologies with early matter domination. This procedure properly accounts for the unique morphology of microhalo-dominated signals. While constraints depend on dark matter's free-streaming scale, the microhalos make it possible to obtain upper bounds as small as $\langleσv\rangle \lesssim 10^{-32}$ cm$^3$s$^{-1}$ using Fermi-LAT observations of the isotropic gamma-ray background and the Draco dwarf galaxy.
description: 16 pages plus appendices (25 total), 25 figures. Several references added; no other changes. Matches published version
Noise Kernel and Stress Energy Bi-Tensor of Quantum Fields in Hot Flat Space and Gaussian Approximation in the Optical Schwarzschild Metric
Creators: name: Phillips, Nicholas G
name: Hu, B. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuing our investigation of the regularization of the noise kernel in curved spacetimes [N. G. Phillips and B. L. Hu, Phys. Rev. D {\bf 63}, 104001 (2001)] we adopt the modified point separation scheme for the class of optical spacetimes using the Gaussian approximation for the Green functions a la Bekenstein-Parker-Page. In the first example we derive the regularized noise kernel for a thermal field in flat space. It is useful for black hole nucleation considerations. In the second example of an optical Schwarzschild spacetime we obtain a finite expression for the noise kernel at the horizon and recover the hot flat space result at infinity. Knowledge of the noise kernel is essential for studying issues related to black hole horizon fluctuations and Hawking radiation backreaction. We show that the Gaussian approximated Green function which works surprisingly well for the stress tensor at the Schwarzschild horizon produces significant error in the noise kernel there. We identify the failure as occurring at the fourth covariant derivative order.
description: 21 pages, RevTeX 4
Pilumnus reticulatus Stimpson 1860
Creators: name: Coelho, Petrônio Alves
name: Almeida, Alexandre Oliveira De
name: Bezerra, Luis Ernesto Arruda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Pilumnidae
Pilumnus
Pilumnus reticulatus

description: Pilumnus reticulatus Stimpson, 1860
Western Atlantic: Central America, West Indies, northern South America to Argentina (Buenos Aires and northern Patagonia). Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Gulf of Panama (Hendrickx 1995; Melo 1996).
 Occurrence in northern and northeastern Brazil: AP, PA, AL: Barreto et al. (1993a); MA: Coelho & Ramos-Porto (1980); RN: Ferreira & Sankarankutty (2002); PB: Melo & Veloso (2005); PE: Rathbun (1900); BA: Rathbun (1930).
description: Published as part of Coelho, Petrônio Alves, Almeida, Alexandre Oliveira De & Bezerra, Luis Ernesto Arruda, 2008, Checklist of the marine and estuarine Brachyura (Crustacea: Decapoda) of northern and northeastern Brazil, pp. 1-58 in Zootaxa 1956 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1956.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5241063
The Transverse Quark Distribution and Proton Electromagnetic Form Factors in Skew Distribution Formalism
Creators: name: Buniy, Roman V.
name: Jain, Pankaj
name: Ralston, John P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Skew density matrices can be diagonalized to yield probability interpretation. The power-counting prediction of perturbative QCD is found consistent with recent CEBAF data on $F_2(Q^2)/F_1(Q^2)$
description: 4 pages, Presented May 23, 2000 by John Ralston. Published in the Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics, (May 22-28, 2000 Quebec City), Edited by Z. Parseh and W. Marciano, (AIP Conference Proceedings Number 549.)
title: 03_0387
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Classical and Quantum Nambu Mechanics
Creators: name: Curtright, Thomas
name: Zachos, Cosmas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical and quantum features of Nambu mechanics are analyzed and fundamental issues are resolved. The classical theory is reviewed and developed utilizing varied examples. The quantum theory is discussed in a parallel presentation, and illustrated with detailed specific cases. Quantization is carried out with standard Hilbert space methods. With the proper physical interpretation, obtained by allowing for different time scales on different invariant sectors of a theory, the resulting non-Abelian approach to quantum Nambu mechanics is shown to be fully consistent.
description: 44 pages, 1 figure, 1 table Minor changes to conform to journal version
Development and external validation of a nomogram for the early prediction of acute kidney injury in septic patients: a multicenter retrospective clinical study
Creators: name: Su, Qin-Yue
name: Chen, Wen-Jie
name: Zheng, Yan-Jun
name: Shi, Wen
name: Gong, Fang-Chen
name: Huang, Shun-Wei
name: Yang, Zhi-tao
name: Qu, Hong-Ping
name: Mao, En-Qiang
name: Wang, Rui-Lan
name: Zhu, Du-Ming
name: Zhao, Gang
name: Chen, Wei
name: Wang, Sheng
name: Wang, Qian
name: Zhu, Chang-Qing
name: Yuan, Gao
name: Chen, Er-Zhen
name: Chen, Ying
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: In our study, we retrospectively constructed a development cohort comprising 733 septic patients admitted to eight Grade-A tertiary hospitals in Shanghai from January 2021 to October 2022. Additionally, we established an external validation cohort consisting of 336 septic patients admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to December 2019. Risk predictors were selected by LASSO regression, and a corresponding nomogram was constructed. We evaluated the model’s discrimination, precision and clinical benefit through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration plots, decision curve analysis (DCA) and clinical impact curves (CIC) in both internal and external validation. AKI incidence was 53.2% in the development cohort and 48.2% in the external validation cohort. The model included five independent indicators: chronic kidney disease stages 1 to 3, blood urea nitrogen, procalcitonin, D-dimer and creatine kinase isoenzyme. The AUC of the model in the development and validation cohorts was 0.914 (95% CI, 0.894–0.934) and 0.923 (95% CI, 0.895–0.952), respectively. The calibration plot, DCA, and CIC demonstrated the model’s favorable clinical applicability. We developed and validated a robust nomogram model, which might identify patients at risk of SA-AKI and promising for clinical applications.