cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear elasticity of prestressed single crystals at high pressure and various elastic moduli
Creators: name: Levitas, Valery I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general nonlinear theory for the elasticity of pre-stressed single crystals is presented. Various types of elastic moduli are defined, their importance is determined, and relationships between them are presented. In particular, B moduli are present in the relationship between the Jaumann objective time derivative of the Cauchy stress and deformation rate and are broadly used in computational algorithms in various finite-element codes. Possible applications to simplified linear solutions for complex nonlinear elasticity problems are outlined and illustrated for a superdislocation. The effect of finite rotations is fully taken into account and analyzed. Different types of the bulk and shear moduli under different constraints are defined and connected to the effective properties of polycrystalline aggregates. Expressions for elastic energy and stress-strain relationships for small distortions with respect to a pre-stressed configuration are derived in detail. Under initial hydrostatic load, general consistency conditions for elastic moduli and compliances are derived that follow from the existence of the generalized tensorial equation of state under hydrostatic loading obtained from single crystal or polycrystal. It is shown that B moduli can be found from the expression for the Gibbs energy. However, higher-order elastic moduli defined from the Gibbs energy do not have any meaning since they do not directly participate in any known equations, like stress-strain relationships and wave propagation equation. The deviatoric projection of B can also be found from the expression for the elastic energy for isochoric small strain increments, and the missing components of B can be found from the consistency conditions. Numerous inconsistencies and errors in the known works are analyzed.
description: 58 pages, 2 figures
Minute-scale forecasting of wind power using a long-range lidar - PhD presentation
Creators: name: Würth, Ines
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: wind energy, forecasting, lidar, minute-scale forecasting, PhD defense

description: Large offshore wind farms supply a lot of energy, but thanks to the weather that can also mean lots of small and large fluctuations. So, accurate and timely forecasting will be essential for their integration into the power network. In this PhD defense presentation, I give an overview of my work on lidar-based minute-scale forecasting. I answer the questions on how the measurement data needs to be processed in order to gain forecasts; how the measurement setup influences the forecast; what the actutal forecast horizon is; and how the lidar-based forecast performs in comparison with persistence. My bottom line: lidar adds value, because it gives preview information and therefore we can forecast changes in wind power, e.g. wind ramps.
Interpretation of Serologic Tests for Bovine Viral Diseases
Creators: name: Kahrs, Robert F.
name: Thorsen, Jan
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1981

description: Realistic expectations from serology require appreciating it as a retrospective educational tool rather than as an immediate aid to decision making in specific outbreaks. Most serologic diagnoses require two specimens from the same cow and a wait for reports. Interpretation of reports requires knowledge of the specific situation and an understanding of immunology. Tests vary in ability to detect the various classes of antibody. Thus results and interpretation of a serologic test differ with each virus. Also variations between laboratories and within a laboratory are inevitable.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1981
Symmetrical invariants of some modular Lie algebras of Cartan type
Creators: name: Bedratyuk, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B50;17B20

description: Let $L$ be one of the finite dimensional Lie algebras $W_n({\bf m}),$ $S_n({\bf m}),$ $ H_n({\bf m})$ of Cartan type over an algebraically closed field of prime characteristic $p>0.$ For an elements $F$ of the symmetrical algebra $S(L)$ we found necessary and sufficient condition in order to the element $ad(\partial_1)^{p^{m_1}-1} ad(\partial_2)^{p^{m_2}-1}... ad(\partial_n)^{p^{m_n}-1}(F)$ belongs to the symmetrical invariants algebra $S(L)^L.$ Also, for $p=3,5$ the algebra of symmetrical invariants $S(H_2)^{H_2}$ is calculated in explicit way.
description: 7 pages in Ukrainian
Low CBS expression can identify patients who benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer
Creators: name: Zhao, Jinsheng
name: Zhao, Yusheng
name: Ding, Shasha
name: Liu, Tao
name: Meng, Fanzheng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Aim: To explore the clinical significance of Cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) expression in gastric cancer (GC). Research design and methods: CBS expression and clinicopathological/follow-up information of patients with gastric cancer undergoing operation were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The association of CBS expression with patients’ overall survival (OS) was determined in the entire cohort and different subgroups. Validation was performed in two external cohorts from NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The estimated drug response of the tumors with different CBS expressions was characterized. The potential CBS-related cellular pathways in chemoresistance were explored. Results: High CBS was associated with poor OS in patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) but not those without ACT. And ACT was associated with favorable OS in patients with low CBS expression but not those with high CBS expression. The results were verified in two external cohorts. Drug response prediction suggested that patients with low CBS expression showed high sensitivity to 5-Fluorouracil. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) suggested that CBS might contribute to GC chemoresistance via modulating many cellular pathways, including down-regulating apoptosis and P53 pathways while up-regulating DNA repair pathway. Conclusion: Low CBS expression can predict the benefit from ACT in GC.
Spontaneous trail formation in populations of auto-chemotactic walkers
Creators: name: Mokhtari, Zahra
name: Patterson, Robert I. A.
name: Höfling, Felix Höfling
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemotaxis
subject: trail
subject: active matter
subject: agent models
subject: collective behaviour
subject: 92C05
subject: 82C22

description: We study the formation of trails in populations of self-propelled agents that make oriented deposits of pheromones and also sense such deposits to which they then respond with gradual changes of their direction of motion. Based on extensive off-lattice computer simulations aiming at the scale of insects, e.g., ants, we identify a number of emerging stationary patterns and obtain qualitatively the non-equilibrium state diagram of the model, spanned by the strength of the agent--pheromone interaction and the number density of the population. In particular, we demonstrate the spontaneous formation of persistent, macroscopic trails, and highlight some behaviour that is consistent with a dynamic phase transition. This includes a characterisation of the mass of system-spanning trails as a potential order parameter. We also propose a dynamic model for a few macroscopic observables, including the sub-population size of trail-following agents, which captures the early phase of trail formation.
Synchronization of Identical Boundary-Actuated Semilinear Infinite-Dimensional Systems
Creators: name: Ferrante, Francesco
name: Casadei, Giacomo
name: Prieur, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper deals with synchronization of a class of infinite-dimensional systems. The considered network is described by a collection of semilinear Lipschitz boundary-actuated infinite-dimensional dynamics. For undirected connected graphs, sufficient conditions for asymptotic synchronization are established. We show that the proposed conditions when applied to systems of hyperbolic semilinear conservation laws can be recast into a set of matrix inequalities. For this class of systems, sufficient conditions in the form of linear matrix inequalities for the design of synchronizing policies are provided.
description: V1 is the extended version of the original submission before peer review. V2 is the extended version revised based on reviewers' feedback. V2 fixes a number of mistakes and typos in V1. In particular, an oversight in the statement of Proposition 2 has been fixed and title has been updated. V3 includes the link to the published version. V4 fixes a missing symbol in the published version
Vacuum Cherenkov radiation in spacelike Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory
Creators: name: Kaufhold, C.
name: Klinkhamer, F. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed analysis of vacuum Cherenkov radiation in spacelike Maxwell-Chern-Simons (MCS) theory is presented. A semiclassical treatment reproduces the leading terms of the tree-level result from quantum field theory. Moreover, certain quantum corrections turn out to be suppressed for large energies of the charged particle, for example, the quantum corrections to the classical MCS Cherenkov angle. It is argued that MCS-theory Cherenkov radiation may, in principle, lead to anisotropy effects for ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). In addition, a qualitative discussion of vacuum Cherenkov radiation from a modified-Maxwell term in the action is given, together with UHECR bounds on some of its dimensionless "coupling constants."
description: 24 pages with revtex4, v5: published version
The moduli space of cubic fourfolds
Creators: name: Laza, Radu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J10, 14D22, 14D25, 14J35

description: We describe the GIT compactification of the moduli space of cubic fourfolds, with a special emphasis on the role played by singularities. Our main result is that a cubic fourfold with only isolated simple (A-D-E) singularities is GIT stable. Conversely, with some minor exceptions, the stability for cubic fourfolds is characterized by this condition.
description: 28 pages, part I (the GIT compactification), the journal version
Collins fragmentation function for pions and kaons in a spectator model
Creators: name: Bacchetta, Alessandro
name: Gamberg, Leonard P.
name: Goldstein, Gary R.
name: Mukherjee, Asmita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the Collins fragmentation function in the framework of a spectator model with pseudoscalar pion-quark coupling and a Gaussian form factor at the vertex. We determine the model parameters by fitting the unpolarized fragmentation function for pions and kaons. We show that the Collins function for the pions in this model is in reasonable agreement with recent parametrizations obtained by fits of the available data. In addition, we compute for the first time the Collins function for the kaons.
On the Stability of Solitary Wave Solutions for a Generalized Fractional Benjamin-Bona-Mahony Equation
Creators: name: Oruc, Goksu
name: Natali, Fábio
name: Borluk, Handan
name: Muslu, Gulcin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76B25, 35Q51, 35Q53

description: In this paper we establish a rigorous spectral stability analysis for solitary waves associated to a generalized fractional Benjamin-Bona-Mahony type equation. Besides the well known smooth and positive solitary wave with large wave speed, we present the existence of smooth negative solitary waves having small wave speed. The spectral stability is then determined by analysing the behaviour of the associated linearized operator around the wave restricted to the orthogonal of the tangent space related to the momentum at the solitary wave. Since the analytical solution is not known, we generate the negative solitary waves numerically by using Petviashvili method. We also present some numerical experiments to observe the stability properties of solitary waves for various values of the order of nonlinearity and fractional derivative. Some remarks concerning the orbital stability are also celebrated.
description: 22 pages and 14 figures
On the dynamical mass generation in confining Yang-Mills theories
Creators: name: Sorella, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical mass generation for gluons is discussed in Euclidean Yang-Mills theories supplemented with a renormalizable mass term. The mass parameter is not free, being determined in a self-consistent way through a gap equation which obeys the renormalization group. The example of the Landau gauge is worked out explicitly at one loop order. A few remarks on the issue of the unitarity are provided.
description: 11 pages
Adaptive sparsity level and dictionary size estimation for image reconstruction in accelerated 2D radial cine MRI
Creators: name: Pali, Marie‐Christine
name: Schaeffter, Tobias
name: Kolbitsch, Christoph
name: Kofler, Andreas
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: adaptive dictionary learning
subject: adaptive sparse coding
subject: compressed sensing
subject: parameter estimation
subject: radial cine MRI
subject: unsupervised learning

description: Purpose In the past, dictionary learning (DL) and sparse coding (SC) have been proposed for the regularization of image reconstruction problems. The regularization is given by a sparse approximation of all image patches using a learned dictionary, that is, an overcomplete set of basis functions learned from data. Despite its competitiveness, DL and SC require the tuning of two essential hyperparameters: the sparsity level S — the number of basis functions of the dictionary, called atoms, which are used to approximate each patch, and K — the overall number of such atoms in the dictionary. These two hyperparameters usually have to be chosen a priori and are determined by repetitive and computationally expensive experiments. Furthermore, the final reported values vary depending on the specific situation. As a result, the clinical application of the method is limited, as standardized reconstruction protocols have to be used. Methods In this work, we use adaptive DL and propose a novel adaptive sparse coding algorithm for two‐dimensional (2D) radial cine MR image reconstruction. Using adaptive DL and adaptive SC, the optimal dictionary size K as well as the optimal sparsity level S are chosen dependent on the considered data. Results Our three main results are the following: First, adaptive DL and adaptive SC deliver results which are comparable or better than the most widely used nonadaptive version of DL and SC. Second, the time needed for the regularization is accelerated due to the fact that the sparsity level S is never overestimated. Finally, the a priori choice of S and K is no longer needed but is optimally chosen dependent on the data under consideration. Conclusions Adaptive DL and adaptive SC can highly facilitate the application of DL‐ and SC‐based regularization methods. While in this work we focused on 2D radial cine MR image reconstruction, we expect the method to be applicable to different imaging modalities as well.
Supersonic radiatively cooled rotating flows and jets in the laboratory
Creators: name: Ampleford, D. J.
name: Lebedev, S. V.
name: Ciardi, A.
name: Bland, S. N.
name: Bott, S. C.
name: Hall, G. N.
name: Naz, N.
name: Jennings, C. A.
name: Sherlock, M.
name: Chittenden, J. P.
name: Palmer, J. B. A.
name: Frank, A.
name: Blackman, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first laboratory astrophysics experiments to produce a radiatively cooled plasma jet with dynamically significant angular momentum are discussed. A new configuration of wire array z-pinch, the twisted conical wire array, is used to produce convergent plasma flows each rotating about the central axis. Collision of the flows produces a standing shock and jet that each have supersonic azimuthal velocities. By varying the twist angle of the array, the rotation velocity of the system can be controlled, with jet rotation velocities reaching ~20% of the propagation velocity.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters (16 pages, 5 figures)
Decomposition driven interface evolution for layers of binary mixtures: I. Model derivation and stratified base states
Creators: name: Thiele, Uwe
name: Madruga, Santiago
name: Frastia, Lubor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dynamical model is proposed to describe the coupled decomposition and profile evolution of a free surface film of a binary mixture. An example is a thin film of a polymer blend on a solid substrate undergoing simultaneous phase separation and dewetting. The model is based on model-H describing the coupled transport of the mass of one component (convective Cahn-Hilliard equation) and momentum (Navier-Stokes-Korteweg equations) supplemented by appropriate boundary conditions at the solid substrate and the free surface. General transport equations are derived using phenomenological non-equilibrium thermodynamics for a general non-isothermal setting taking into account Soret and Dufour effects and interfacial viscosity for the internal diffuse interface between the two components. Focusing on an isothermal setting the resulting model is compared to literature results and its base states corresponding to homogeneous or vertically stratified flat layers are analysed.
description: Submitted to Physics of Fluids
Confining ensemble of dyons
Creators: name: Diakonov, Dmitri
name: Petrov, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the integration measure over the moduli space of an arbitrary number of N kinds of dyons of the pure SU(N) gauge theory at finite temperatures. The ensemble of dyons governed by the measure is mathematically described by a (supersymmetric) quantum field theory that is exactly solvable and is remarkable for a number of striking features: 1) The free energy has the minimum corresponding to the zero average Polyakov line, as expected in the confining phase; 2)The correlation function of two Polyakov lines exhibits a linear potential between static quarks in any N-ality non-zero representation, with a calculable string tension roughly independent of temperature; 3) The average spatial Wilson loop falls off exponentially with its area and the same string tension; 4) At a critical temperature the ensemble of dyons rearranges and de-confines; 5)The estimated ratio of the critical temperature to the square root of the string tension is in excellent agreement with the lattice data.
description: 26 pp. Construction of general N-ality = k strings added. The title changed
On the onset of galactic winds in quiescent star forming galaxies
Creators: name: Dubois, Yohan
name: Teyssier, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the effect of supernovae feedback on a disk galaxy, taking into account the impact of infalling gas on both the star formation history and the corresponding outflow structure, the apparition of a supernovae-driven wind being highly sensitive to the halo mass, the galaxy spin and the star formation efficiency. We model our galaxies as cooling and collapsing NFW spheres. The dark matter component is modelled as a static external potential, while the baryon component is described by the Euler equations using the AMR code RAMSES. Metal-dependent cooling and supernovae-heating are also implemented using state-of-the-art recipes coming from cosmological simulations. We allow for 3 parameters to vary: the halo circular velocity, the spin parameter and the star formation efficiency. We found that the ram pressure of infalling material is the key factor limiting the apparition of galactic winds. We obtain a very low feedback efficiency, with supernovae to wind energy conversion factor around one percent, so that only low cicrular velocity galaxies give rise to strong winds. For massive galaxies, we obtain a galatic fountain, for which we discuss the observational properties. We conclude that for quiescent isolated galaxies, galactic winds appear only in very low mass systems. Although that can quite efficiently enrich the IGM with metals, they don't carry away enough cold material to solve the overcooling problem.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures, 1 table, submited to A&A
Collective Iterative Learning Control: Exploiting Diversity in Multi-Agent Systems for Reference Tracking Tasks
Creators: name: Meindl, Michael
name: Molinari, Fabio
name: Lehmann, Dustin
name: Seel, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-agent systems (MASs) can autonomously learn to solve previously unknown tasks by means of each agent's individual intelligence as well as by collaborating and exploiting collective intelligence. This article considers a group of autonomous agents learning to track the same given reference trajectory in a possibly small number of trials. We propose a novel collective learning control method that combines iterative learning control (ILC) with a collective update strategy. We derive conditions for desirable convergence properties of such systems. We show that the proposed method allows the collective to combine the advantages of the agents' individual learning strategies and thereby overcomes trade-offs and limitations of single-agent ILC. This benefit is achieved by designing a heterogeneous collective, i.e., a different learning law is assigned to each agent. All theoretical results are confirmed in simulations and experiments with two-wheeled-inverted-pendulum robots (TWIPRs) that jointly learn to perform the desired maneuver.
'Why do we need water?' - Big Questions Investigation Card
Creators: name: Hackett, Laura
name: Billingsley, Berry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Epistemic Insight
Primary Education
Cross-Curricular Learning
Multidisciplinary

description: The Epistemic Insight “Investigating Big Questions” Discovery Bags contain a variety of scientific equipment and resources to help students ‘think like a scholar’. This Investigation Card focuses on conducting an experiment with the pipette and investigate ‘why do we need water?’, using different disciplines to think deeper about whether the famous flood in the story of Noah’s Ark really happened.
Natural Realizations of Seesaw in Mini-Warped Minimal SO(10)
Creators: name: Mohapatra, R. N.
name: Okada, N.
name: Yu, Hai-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The minimal SUSY SO(10) GUT models with {\bf 10}, {\bf 126} and {\bf 210} Higgs and only renormalizable couplings has been shown to provide a simple way to understand the neutrino mixings as well as the ratio $Δm^2_\odot/Δm^2_A$ in terms of quark mixing parameter $θ_{Cabibbo}$, provided neutrino masses are described by type II seesaw formula. However, in this minimal picture, it is impossible to realize type II dominance with renormalizable couplings in 4-dimensions. We show that this problem can be cured by embedding this model into a warped 5-dimensional space time with warping between the Planck and the GUT scale, where both type II as well as mixed seesaw formulae can be realized in a natural manner without expanding the Higgs sector. These models also avoid the possible problem of threshold effects associated with large Higgs representations since the theory above the GUT scale is now strongly coupled.
description: 20 pages and one figure
RIANN -- A Robust Neural Network Outperforms Attitude Estimation Filters
Creators: name: Weber, Daniel
name: Gühmann, Clemens
name: Seel, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Inertial-sensor-based attitude estimation is a crucial technology in various applications, from human motion tracking to autonomous aerial and ground vehicles. Application scenarios differ in characteristics of the performed motion, presence of disturbances, and environmental conditions. Since state-of-the-art attitude estimators do not generalize well over these characteristics, their parameters must be tuned for the individual motion characteristics and circumstances. We propose RIANN, a ready-to-use, neural network-based, parameter-free, real-time-capable inertial attitude estimator, which generalizes well across different motion dynamics, environments, and sampling rates, without the need for application-specific adaptations. We gather six publicly available datasets of which we exploit two datasets for the method development and the training, and we use four datasets for evaluation of the trained estimator in three different test scenarios with varying practical relevance. Results show that RIANN outperforms state-of-the-art attitude estimation filters in the sense that it generalizes much better across a variety of motions and conditions in different applications, with different sensor hardware and different sampling frequencies. This is true even if the filters are tuned on each individual test dataset, whereas RIANN was trained on completely separate data and has never seen any of these test datasets. RIANN can be applied directly without adaptations or training and is therefore expected to enable plug-and-play solutions in numerous applications, especially when accuracy is crucial but no ground-truth data is available for tuning or when motion and disturbance characteristics are uncertain. We made RIANN publicly available.
The Fifth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Creators: name: Adelman-McCarthy, Jennifer K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the Fifth Data Release (DR5) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). DR5 includes all survey quality data taken through June 2005 and represents the completion of the SDSS-I project (whose successor, SDSS-II will continue through mid-2008). It includes five-band photometric data for 217 million objects selected over 8000 square degrees, and 1,048,960 spectra of galaxies, quasars, and stars selected from 5713 square degrees of that imaging data. These numbers represent a roughly 20% increment over those of the Fourth Data Release; all the data from previous data releases are included in the present release. In addition to "standard" SDSS observations, DR5 includes repeat scans of the southern equatorial stripe, imaging scans across M31 and the core of the Perseus cluster of galaxies, and the first spectroscopic data from SEGUE, a survey to explore the kinematics and chemical evolution of the Galaxy. The catalog database incorporates several new features, including photometric redshifts of galaxies, tables of matched objects in overlap regions of the imaging survey, and tools that allow precise computations of survey geometry for statistical investigations.
description: ApJ Supp, in press, October 2007. This paper describes DR5. The SDSS Sixth Data Release (DR6) is now public, available from http://www.sdss.org
HI intensity mapping correlation function from UNIT simulations: BAO and observationally induced anisotropy
Creators: name: Avila, Santiago
name: Vos-Ginés, Bernhard
name: Cunnington, Steven
name: Stevens, Adam R. H.
name: Yepes, Gustavo
name: Knebe, Alexander
name: Chuang, Chia-Hsun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the clustering of HI intensity maps produced from simulations with a focus on baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO) and the effects induced by telescope beam smoothing and foreground cleaning. We start by creating a HI catalogue at $z=1.321$ based on the Semi-Analytic Galaxy Evolution (SAGE) model applied to the UNIT simulations. With this catalogue we investigate the relation between model HI and the dark matter haloes and we also study the abundance of HI, $Ω_{\rm HI}$, predicted by this model. We then create synthetic HI intensity maps with a Nearest-Grid-Point approach. In order to simulate the telescope beam effect, a Gaussian smoothing is applied on the plane perpendicular to the line of sight. The effect of foreground removal methods is simulated by exponentially damping the largest wavelength Fourier modes on the radial direction. We study the anisotropic 2-point correlation function (2PCF) $ξ(r_\perp,r_\parallel)$ and how it is affected by the aforementioned observational effects. In order to better isolate the BAO signal, we study several 2PCF $μ$-wedges (with a restricted range of orientations $μ$) tailored to address the systematics effects and we compare them with different definitions of radial 2PCFs. Finally, we discuss our findings in the context of an SKA-like survey, finding a clear BAO signal in most of the estimators here proposed.
description: published in MNRAS; 18 pages, 10 figures
Azimuth Reference - Human Pancreas
Creators: name: Satija Lab
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Azimuth
Seurat
single-cell

description: Here we provide the reference data files used to run the Azimuth Human Pancreas reference web application. For a full description of the reference data structure, please see the wiki at https://github.com/satijalab/azimuth/wiki/Azimuth-Reference-Format.
Embryonic Death & Early Abortion in Cattle
Creators: name: Woelffer, E.A.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1981

description: To what extent do losses from early deaths occur? Reports range all the way from 2 per cent to 35 per cent. When a low level loss occurs in a large commercial herd, the situation may not always seem significant, however, if embryonic or early fetal death occurs in one or more valuable individuals, or the loss becomes a herd problem, the situation assumes considerable economic importance.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1981
Simulation of semiconductor detectors in 3D with SolidStateDetectors.jl
Creators: name: Abt, I.
name: Fischer, F.
name: Hagemann, F.
name: Hauertmann, L.
name: Schulz, O.
name: Schuster, M.
name: Zsigmond, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The open-source software package SolidStateDetectors.jl to calculate the fields and simulate the drifts of charge carriers in solid state detectors, together with the corresponding pulses, is introduced. The package can perform all calculations in full 3D while it can also make use of detector symmetries. The effect of the surroundings of a detector can also be studied. The package is programmed in the user friendly and performance oriented language Julia, such that 3D field calculations and drift simulations can be executed efficiently and in parallel. While all kinds of semiconductor devices can be simulated, special emphasis is put on germanium detectors. The verification of the package is shown for an n-type segmented point-contact germanium detector. Additional features of SolidStateDetectors.jl planned for the near future are listed.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
X-ray scattering from stepped and kinked surfaces: An approach with the paracrystal model
Creators: name: Leroy, F.
name: Lazzari, R.
name: Renaud, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general formalism of X-ray scattering from different kinds of surface morphologies is described. Based on a description of the surface morphology at the atomic scale through the use of the paracrystal model and discrete distributions of distances, the scattered intensity by non-periodic surfaces is calculated over the whole reciprocal space. In one dimension, the scattered intensity by a vicinal surface, the two-level model, the N-level model, the faceted surface and the rough surface are addressed. In two dimensions, the previous results are generalized to the kinked vicinal surface, the two-level vicinal surface and the step meandering on a vicinal surface. The concept of crystal truncation rod is generalized considering also the truncation of a terrace by a step (yielding a terrace truncation rod) and a step by a kink (yielding a step truncation rod).
description: 33 pages, 18 figures
A Grand Unification of Quantum Algorithms
Creators: name: Martyn, John M.
name: Rossi, Zane M.
name: Tan, Andrew K.
name: Chuang, Isaac L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum algorithms offer significant speedups over their classical counterparts for a variety of problems. The strongest arguments for this advantage are borne by algorithms for quantum search, quantum phase estimation, and Hamiltonian simulation, which appear as subroutines for large families of composite quantum algorithms. A number of these quantum algorithms were recently tied together by a novel technique known as the quantum singular value transformation (QSVT), which enables one to perform a polynomial transformation of the singular values of a linear operator embedded in a unitary matrix. In the seminal GSLW'19 paper on QSVT [Gilyén, Su, Low, and Wiebe, ACM STOC 2019], many algorithms are encompassed, including amplitude amplification, methods for the quantum linear systems problem, and quantum simulation. Here, we provide a pedagogical tutorial through these developments, first illustrating how quantum signal processing may be generalized to the quantum eigenvalue transform, from which QSVT naturally emerges. Paralleling GSLW'19, we then employ QSVT to construct intuitive quantum algorithms for search, phase estimation, and Hamiltonian simulation, and also showcase algorithms for the eigenvalue threshold problem and matrix inversion. This overview illustrates how QSVT is a single framework comprising the three major quantum algorithms, thus suggesting a grand unification of quantum algorithms.
Political reform in the Republic of China on Taiwan
Creators: name: Rensted, Paul Milo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The thesis looks at the question of political change in Taiwan. Specifically it examines the question of whether or not political liberalization has occurred simply as a result of economic development. The thesis also evaluates the extent of the political reform that has occurred. After examining a variety of information on the economic development and social changes, as well as the political history of the island, the thesis looks at specific political reforms. The conclusion is drawn that the process of political reform in Taiwan is not a carefully pre-determined plan on the part of the political elite. Rather, political reform is the response of the ruling Kuomintang to try and perpetuate their hold on power. Reforms occur only as they serve that particular goal.
Nearest-neigbor spacing distributions of the beta-Hermite ensemble of random matrices
Creators: name: Caer, G. Le
name: Male, C.
name: Delannay, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distributions of the spacing s between nearest-neighbor levels of unfolded spectra of random matrices from the beta-Hermite ensemble (beta-HE) is investigated by Monte Carlo simulations. The random matrices from the beta-HE are real-symmetric and tridiagonal where beta, which can take any positive value, is the reciprocal of the temperature in the classical electrostatic interpretation of eigenvalues. Generalized gamma distributions are shown to be excellent approximations of the nearest-neighbor spacing (NNS) distributions for any beta while being still simple. They account both for the level repulsion when s tends to zero and for the whole shape of the NNS distributions in the range of s which is accessible to experiment or to most numerical simulations. The exact NNS distribution of the GOE (beta=1) is in particular significantly better described by a generalized gamma distribution than it is by the Wigner surmise while the best generalized gamma approximation coincides essentially with the Wigner surmise for beta larger than ~2. The distributions of the minimum NN spacing between eigenvalues of matrices from the beta-HE, obtained both from as-calculated eigenvalues and from unfolded eigenvalues are Brody distributions.
description: Physica A (in press, 2007), 32 pages, 13 figures, corresponding author:G. Le Caer
Impedance spectroscopy of epitaxial multiferroic thin films
Creators: name: Schmidt, Rainer
name: Eerenstein, Wilma
name: Winiecki, Thomas
name: Morrison, Finlay D.
name: Midgley, Paul A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Temperature dependent impedance spectroscopy enables the many contributions to the dielectric and resistive properties of condensed matter to be deconvoluted and characterized separately. We have achieved this for multiferroic epitaxial thin films of BiFeO3 (BFO) and BiMnO3 (BMO), key examples of materials with strong magneto-electric coupling. We demonstrate that the true film capacitance of the epitaxial layers is similar to that of the electrode interface, making analysis of capacitance as a function of film thickness necessary to achieve deconvolution. We modeled non-Debye impedance response using Gaussian distributions of relaxation times and reveal that conventional resistivity measurements on multiferroic layers may be dominated by interface effects. Thermally activated charge transport models yielded activation energies of 0.60 eV +- 0.05 eV (BFO) and 0.25 eV +- 0.03 eV (BMO), which is consistent with conduction dominated by oxygen vacancies (BFO) and electron hopping (BMO). The intrinsic film dielectric constants were determined to be 320 +- 75 (BFO) and 450 +- 100 (BMO).
Shannon information criterion for low-high diversity transition in Moran and Voter models
Creators: name: Franco, Gabriella D.
name: Marquitti, Flavia M. D.
name: Fernandes, Lucas D.
name: Braha, Dan
name: de Aguiar, Marcus A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mutation and drift play opposite roles in genetics. While mutation creates diversity, drift can cause gene variants to disappear, especially when they are rare. In the absence of natural selection and migration, the balance between the drift and mutation in a well-mixed population defines its diversity. The Moran model captures the effects of these two evolutionary forces and has a counterpart in social dynamics, known as the Voter model with external opinion influencers. Two extreme outcomes of the Voter model dynamics are consensus and coexistence of opinions, which correspond to low and high diversity in the Moran model. Here we use a Shannon's information-theoretic approach to characterize the smooth transition between the states of consensus and coexistence of opinions in the Voter model. Mapping the Moran into the Voter model we extend the results to the mutation-drift balance and characterize the transition between low and high diversity in finite populations. Describing the population as a network of connected individuals we show that the transition between the two regimes depends on the network topology of the population and on the possible asymmetries in the mutation rates.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Novel methods for the detection and prediction of changepoints
Creators: name: Chapman, Jamie-Leigh
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2018

description: This thesis focuses upon the detection and prediction of changepoints in
      time series. In particular, we develop a range of methods, both parametric
      and non-parametric, to detect, predict, and forecast in the presence of
      changepoints. We consider a range of data applications. These include
      economic, environmental and telematics data sets.

      The first part of this thesis concentrates on forecasting. We propose two
      approaches to incorporate changepoints into the forecasting process. Each
      of these approaches are flexible. Additionally, we develop methodology to
      predict future changepoints in a time series. In particular, we can
      predict changepoints at both future time points, and changes near the end
      of the time series for which we do not yet have enough observations to
      detect. This also includes a new approach to pre-whitening time series
      that accounts for changes in the second order structure of the explanatory
      time series.

      The second part of this thesis is concerned with changepoint detection. We
      introduce methodology for detecting changes in both the variance and the
      autocovariance of time series. To do this we consider a local measure of
      the variance and the autocovariance over time. The approach is
      non-parametric and resilient to the presence of outliers.
Towards Knowledge Graphs Validation through Weighted Knowledge Sources
Creators: name: Huaman, Elwin
name: Tauqeer, Amar
name: Fensel, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The performance of applications, such as personal assistants and search engines, relies on high-quality knowledge bases, a.k.a. Knowledge Graphs (KGs). To ensure their quality one important task is knowledge validation, which measures the degree to which statements or triples of KGs are semantically correct. KGs inevitably contain incorrect and incomplete statements, which may hinder their adoption in business applications as they are not trustworthy. In this paper, we propose and implement a Validator that computes a confidence score for every triple and instance in KGs. The computed score is based on finding the same instances across different weighted knowledge sources and comparing their features. We evaluate our approach by comparing its results against a baseline validation. Our results suggest that we can validate KGs with an f-measure of at least 75%. Time-wise, the Validator, performed a validation of 2530 instances in 15 minutes approximately. Furthermore, we give insights and directions toward a better architecture to tackle KG validation.
description: Accepted for the Knowledge Graphs and Semantic Web Conference 2021 (KGSWC2021) Proceedings, 15 pages, 4 figures
Asymptotic Behavior and Typicality Properties of Runlength-Limited Sequences
Creators: name: Kovačević, Mladen
name: Vukobratović, Dejan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05A15, 05A16, 68R05, 68R15, 94A55, 94A99, 94B20, 94B50, 94B65

description: This paper studies properties of binary runlength-limited sequences with additional constraints on their Hamming weight and/or their number of runs of identical symbols. An algebraic and a probabilistic (entropic) characterization of the exponential growth rate of the number of such sequences, i.e., their information capacity, are obtained by using the methods of multivariate analytic combinatorics, and properties of the capacity as a function of its parameters are stated. The second-order term in the asymptotic expansion of the rate of these sequences is also given, and the typical values of the relevant quantities are derived. Several applications of the results are illustrated, including bounds on codes for weight-preserving and run-preserving channels (e.g., the run-preserving insertion-deletion channel), a sphere-packing bound for channels with sparse error patterns, and the asymptotics of constant-weight sub-block constrained sequences. In addition, the asymptotics of a closely related notion -- $ q $-ary sequences with fixed Manhattan weight -- is briefly discussed, and an application in coding for molecular timing channels is illustrated.
description: 13 pages (double-column), 1 figure
Barnich-Troessaert Bracket as a Dirac Bracket on the Covariant Phase Space
Creators: name: Wieland, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Barnich--Troessaert bracket is a proposal for a modified Poisson bracket on the covariant phase space for general relativity. The new bracket allows us to compute charges, which are otherwise not integrable. Yet there is a catch. There is a clear prescription for how to evaluate the new bracket for any such charge, but little is known how to extend the bracket to the entire phase space. This is a problem, because not every gravitational observable is also a charge. In this paper, we propose such an extension. The basic idea is to remove the radiative data from the covariant phase space. This requires second-class constraints. Given a few basic assumptions, we show that the resulting Dirac bracket on the constraint surface is nothing but the BT bracket. A heuristic argument is given to show that the resulting constraint surface can only contain gravitational edge modes.
description: v3: typos removed, final version for Class. Quant. Grav., section on bulk-boundary dynamics added