cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Vertical T cell immunodominance and epitope entropy determine HIV-1 escape
Creators: name: Hraber, Peter
name: Ferrari, Guido
name: McMichael, Andrew
name: Shaw, George M.
name: Tanner, Rachel
name: Ritchie, Adam J.
name: Rose-Abrahams, Melissa
name: Ping, Li-Hua
name: Brackenridge, Simon
name: Korber, Bette T.
name: Swanstrom, Ronald
name: Liu, Michael K.P.
name: Riou, Catherine
name: Whale, Victoria
name: Cai, Fangping
name: Haynes, Barton
name: Williamson, Carolyn
name: B, CHAVI Core
name: Gao, Feng
name: Pavlicek, Jeffrey W.
name: Hahn, Beatrice H.
name: Hawkins, Natalie
name: Ganusov, Vitaly V.
name: Borrow, Persephone
name: Perelson, Alan S.
name: Li, Hui
name: Treurnicht, Florette
name: Cohen, Myron
name: Karim, Salim S. Abdool
name: Self, Steve
name: Anderson, Jeffrey A.
name: Gray, Clive
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: HIV-1 accumulates mutations in and around reactive epitopes to escape recognition and killing by CD8+ T cells. Measurements of HIV-1 time to escape should therefore provide information on which parameters are most important for T cell–mediated in vivo control of HIV-1. Primary HIV-1–specific T cell responses were fully mapped in 17 individuals, and the time to virus escape, which ranged from days to years, was measured for each epitope. While higher magnitude of an individual T cell response was associated with more rapid escape, the most significant T cell measure was its relative immunodominance measured in acute infection. This identified subject-level or “vertical” immunodominance as the primary determinant of in vivo CD8+ T cell pressure in HIV-1 infection. Conversely, escape was slowed significantly by lower population variability, or entropy, of the epitope targeted. Immunodominance and epitope entropy combined to explain half of all the variability in time to escape. These data explain how CD8+ T cells can exert significant and sustained HIV-1 pressure even when escape is very slow and that within an individual, the impacts of other T cell factors on HIV-1 escape should be considered in the context of immunodominance.
Elastic traits of the extensible discrete wormlike chain model
Creators: name: Fiasconaro, Alessandro
name: Falo, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Polymer models play the special role of elucidating the elementary features describing the physics of long molecules and become essential to interpret the measurements of their magnitudes. In this work the end-to-end distance of an extensible discrete worm-like chain polymer as a function of the applied force has been calculated both numerically and analytically, the latter as an effective approximation. The numerical evaluation uses the Transfer Matrix formalism to obtain an exact calculation of the partition function, while the analytic derivations generalize the simple phenomenological formulas largely used up to now. The obtained formulas are simple enough to be implemented in the fit analysis of experimental data of semi-flexible extensible polymers, with the result that the elastic parameters obtained are compatible with previous measurements, and more, their accuracy strongly improves in a large range of chain extensibility.
Development of epoxy-based millimeter absorber with expanded polystyrenes and carbon black
Creators: name: Inoue, Yuki
name: Hasegawa, Masaya
name: Hazumi, Masashi
name: Takada, Suguru
name: Tomaru, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recently developed and characterized an absorber for millimeter wavelengths. To absorb the millimeter wave efficiently, we need to develop the low reflection and high absorption material. To meet these requirements, we tried to add polystyrene beads in the epoxy for multi-scattering in the absorber. The typical diameter of polystyrene beads corresponds to the scale of Mie scattering for the multi-scattering of photons in the absorber. The absorber consists of epoxy, carbon black, and expanded polystyrene beads. The typical size of the expanded polystyrene beads is consistent with the peak of cross-section of Mie scattering to increase the mean free path in the absorber. By applying this effect, we succeeded in improving the performance of the absorber. In this paper, we measured the optical property of epoxy for the calculation of the Mie scattering effect. Based on the calculation result, we developed the 8 types samples by changing the ratio of absorber material. To compare 8 samples, we characterized the reflectance and transmittance of the absorber in millimeter length. The measured reflectance and transmittance of 2 mm thickness sample with optimized parameter are less than 20% and 10%. We also measured the transmittance in sub-millimeter wavelength. The measured transmittance is less than 1%. The shape of absorber can be modified for any shape, such as chip and pyramidal shapes. By using this absorber, we can apply for the mitigation of stray light of millimeter wave telescope with any shapes.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, accepted
title: Apologie
Creators: name: Krypton, Redazione
Publisher: name: Roma Tre-Press
Year: 2013

description: Per il tema del primo numero, la scelta è ricaduta sul concetto di apologia, con l’intenzione di indagarne, con diversi approcci e prospettive, le possibili forme e declinazioni (di qui la scelta del plurale Apologie), nella consapevolezza che, dalla filosofia classica greca agli scritti dei Padri della Chiesa, dalle diatribe medioevali e rinascimentali fino al declino dell’Ancien Régime, dai tempi moderni fino alle produzioni scritte o ad artefatti dell’estremo contemporaneo, difendere, legittimare, giustificare significa andare alla ricerca di argomentazioni convincenti e persuasive (la persuasione degli animi è parte fondante dell’apologia) e strutturare le stesse sulla scorta delle regole della retorica classica o di nuovi dispositivi, ma anche individuare avversari ideali che finiscono per costituire una ineliminabile presenza di retroguardia; l’apologia si può infatti definire come esposizione giustificativa della verità e celebrazione, come prodotto atto a persuadere ma anche, contestualmente, come esclusione dell’errore opposto. Senza considerare che lo strumento linguistico non è l’unico possibile: un peso rilevante, in una accezione larga di apologetica e di apologia, deve essere attribuito al mezzo iconografico; basti pensare a tutti quei cicli pittorici e scultorei che, direttamente o indirettamente riferibili alla volontà di un regnante, hanno dato forma visiva e plastica al potere e a ciò che si voleva dimostrare essere il suo legittimo esercizio, senza dimenticare del resto le nuove forme iconiche (video, film) celebrative di un potere istituito o occulto. Difesa e attacco, legittimazione e delegittimazione, rappresentano un atto unico, due facce della medesima medaglia, in grado di dirci molte cose circa il modo di concepire e di rappresentare persone e poteri.

description: KRYPTON – VOL.1 – 2013 – APOLOGIE
Traction performance modeling of worn footwear with perpendicular treads
Creators: name: Gupta, Shubham
name: Chatterjee, Subhodip
name: Malviya, Ayush
name: Chanda, Arnab
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The traction performance of the footwear deteriorates due to outsole wear which further increases the risk of slip and fall related accidents. To date, several studies have tested footwear tractions across several slippery conditions but only a few studies have attempted to assess their performance considering worn shoes. In this work, nine outsoles, with systematically modified tread geometries, were investigated, to study the effects of tread patterns in new and worn conditions on traction, across common slippery conditions. The outsoles were progressively worn in three wear cycles. Outsoles with increased worn regions generated lower friction and higher fluid pressures, indicating increased slipping risks. Also, diversion of fluid flow due to large worn regions produced high fluid accumulations at other locations over the outsoles. The methods and results are anticipated to help footwear manufacturers with the strategic design of tread patterns that can provide improved friction even when completely worn.
Searching for Singularities in Navier-Stokes Flows Based on the Ladyzhenskaya-Prodi-Serrin Conditions
Creators: name: Kang, Di
name: Protas, Bartosz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this investigation we perform a systematic computational search for potential singularities in 3D Navier-Stokes flows based on the Ladyzhenskaya-Prodi-Serrin conditions. They assert that if the quantity $\int_0^T \| \mathbf{u}(t) \|_{L^q(Ω)}^p \, dt$, where $2/p+3/q \le 1$, $q > 3$, is bounded, then the solution $\mathbf{u}(t)$ of the Navier-Stokes system is smooth on the interval $[0,T]$. In other words, if a singularity should occur at some time $t \in [0,T]$, then this quantity must be unbounded. We have probed this condition by studying a family of variational PDE optimization problems where initial conditions $\mathbf{u}_0$ are sought to maximize $\int_0^T \| \mathbf{u}(t) \|_{L^4(Ω)}^8 \, dt$ for different $T$ subject to suitable constraints. These problems are solved numerically using a large-scale adjoint-based gradient approach. Even in the flows corresponding to the optimal initial conditions determined in this way no evidence has been found for singularity formation, which would be manifested by unbounded growth of $\| \mathbf{u}(t) \|_{L^4(Ω)}$. However, the maximum enstrophy attained in these extreme flows scales in proportion to $\mathcal{E}_0^{3/2}$, the same as found by Kang et al. (2020) when maximizing the finite-time growth of enstrophy. In addition, we also consider sharpness of an a priori estimate on the time evolution of $\| \mathbf{u}(t) \|_{L^4(Ω)}$ by solving another PDE optimization problem and demonstrate that the upper bound in this estimate could be improved.
description: 31 pages, 15 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1909.00041
Generative Adversarial Networks for Generation of Synthetic High Entropy Alloys
Creators: name: Gregores-Coto, Andrea
name: Precker, Christian Eike
name: Muíños-Landín, Santiago
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Artificial intelligence, Materials science, High-performance materials, Generative models

description: High entropy alloys (HEAs) constitute a field of great interest in materials science due to their extraordinary mechanical properties. There are multiple combinations for the synthesis of new kind of these materials, so the implementation of Artificial Intelligence provides a great tool for accelerating the initial phases of HEAS’s design. As Neural Network a CTGAN was used, which is a GAN that can be fed with a tabular dataset and some of that data introduced as a condition. GANs consist of two neural networks, the generator that generates synthetic compounds and the discriminator that learns from a specific data structure containing real samples, so then it can classify the generated ones into real or fake. After the training process, CTGAN’s output is a set of generated compounds with the same features associated as for the real ones. Finally, validation was done with DFT databases.
Adeno-associated virus capsid antigen presentation is dependent on endosomal escape
Creators: name: Zhang, Ping
name: Li, Chengwen
name: Hirsch, Matt
name: He, Yi
name: Samulski, R. Jude
name: Nicolson, Sarah
name: Kafri, Tal
name: Weinberg, Marc S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are attractive for gene delivery-based therapeutics, but data from recent clinical trials have indicated that AAV capsids induce a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response that eliminates transduced cells. In this study, we used traditional pharmacological agents and AAV mutants to elucidate the pathway of capsid cross-presentation in AAV-permissive cells. Endosomal acidification inhibitors blocked AAV2 antigen presentation by over 90%, while proteasome inhibitors completely abrogated antigen presentation. Using mutant viruses that are defective for nuclear entry, we observed a 90% decrease in capsid antigen presentation. Different antigen presentation efficiencies were achieved by selectively mutating virion nuclear localization signals. Low antigen presentation was demonstrated with basic region 1 (BR1) mutants, despite relatively high transduction efficiency, whereas there was no difference in antigen presentation between BR2 and BR3 mutants defective for transduction, as compared with wild-type AAV2. These results suggest that effective AAV2 capsid antigen presentation is dependent on AAV virion escape from the endosome/lysosome for antigen degradation by proteasomes, but is independent of nuclear uncoating. These results should facilitate the design of effective strategies to evade capsid-specific CTL-mediated elimination of AAV-transduced target cells in future clinical trials.
Sliding wear behaviour of austempered ductile iron, boron steel and AISI 1045 steel of similar hardness: effect of microstructure, yield strength, and strain hardening
Creators: name: Gupta, Anoop
name: Singh, Manpreet
name: Batra, Uma
name: Sharma, Sandan Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A study on dry sliding wear investigated four alloys: fully austenitized ADI (F-ADI), intercritically austenitized austempered ductile iron (I-ADI), hardened and tempered Boron steel (B-Steel), and hardened and tempered AISI 1045 steel (EN-Steel). Despite their similar hardness levels, these alloys differ in composition and microstructure. Testing was conducted using a Ball-On-Disc setup (ASTM G99-05) with a chrome steel ball, maintaining a constant sliding speed of 0.6 m/s and applying loads between 20 and 80 N. This study aimed to understand the influence of yield strength (σy), strain hardening coefficient (n), and microstructure on sliding wear under uniform hardness conditions. The findings indicated a strong connection between sliding wear resistance, strain hardening coefficient, toughness, and yield strength. Wear mechanisms varied slightly among materials; F-ADI and I-ADI exhibited deformed layers with increased hardness and oxide formation, while B-Steel and EN-Steel showed micro-cutting and micro-ploughing. F-ADI's high-carbon austenite film and I-ADI's proeutectoid ferrite contributed to improved wear performance. The hardness of the deformation layer on FADI and I-ADI's worn surfaces highlighted the benefits of strain hardening in dry sliding wear.
In vivo efficacy of novel bioadhesives for closure of surgical incisions: Evaluation in a porcine model
Creators: name: M. Foox
name: A. Keren
name: O. Pinkas
name: E. Cohen
name: N. Goldstein
name: A. Gilhar
name: M. Zilberman
name: Y. Ullmann
Publisher: name: Advanced Biomaterials and Devices in Medicine
Year: 2015
Subjects: gelatin
alginate
carbodiimide
climdamycin
bioadhesive
kaolin

description: Surgical and traumatic wounds, including skin lacerations, comprise a major public health concern worldwide, with significant costs. In the last decades, the development of tissue bioadhesives as an alternative to sutures or staples for closing skin lacerations has intensified due to many advantages, including less pain and rapid application. Novel bioadhesives comprised of gelatin and alginate crosslinked with carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide were previously developed and studied by our research group. Based on our thorough in vitro study, four formulations of these novel bioadhesives were selected for the in vivo study in a porcine skin laceration model. Clinical, histological and immunohistochemical measurements were performed in order to evaluate the healing phase of wounds closed using our bioadhesives compared to stitches or Histoacryl® Blue. The results showed that incisions treated with formulations with a relatively low crosslinking agent content yielded better results in the healing phase compared to incisions treated with the basic formulation, i.e. no redness or scabs at the incisions area, similarly to the sutured incisions. The Histoacryl® Blue group was found in the least advanced phase and the treated incisions still had scabs. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis showed similar results of our bioadhesive formulations and stitches. In conclusion, our novel bioadhesives demonstrate a promising potential for use in wound closure applications. They were found to be superior to Histoacryl® Blue in most of the tests and presented an outcome similar to that obtained using stitches.
The Continuum Dark Matter Zoo
Creators: name: Csaki, Csaba
name: Ismail, Ameen
name: Lee, Seung J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the recently proposed continuum dark matter model to the case where the dark matter consists of a spin-$1/2$ or spin-$1$ gapped continuum. We construct simple continuum analogs of weakly interacting massive particles annihilating through the $Z$ portal. We discuss all existing experimental constraints, with the strongest bounds arising from indirect detection and limits on continuum decays from the cosmic microwave background. Our models are phenomenologically viable for gap scales of $60$-$200$ GeV (spin-$1/2$) and $35$-$90$ GeV (spin-$1$), owing to the strong kinematic suppression of direct detection bounds which is unique to continuum states. We comment on future prospects for detection and suggest directions for further continuum model building.
description: 16 + 8 pages, 3 figures; v2: added references to similar work in Introduction; v3: added comments on other experimental bounds in section 3.2.2, version accepted for publication in JHEP
Instanton Solutions in Open Superstring Field Theory
Creators: name: Berkovits, Nathan
name: Juliatto, Vilson Fabricio
name: Portugal, Ulisses M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Open superstring field theory admits a "hybrid" formulation where N = 1 D = 4 supersymmetry is manifest for Calabi-Yau compactifications to four dimensions. Using this formulation, the half-BPS instanton solution of four-dimensional super-Yang-Mills can be easily generalized to the full open superstring field theory. In this paper, we compute the first stringy correction to the super-Yang-Mills instanton solution which involves turning on certain fields at the first massive level.
description: 19 pages
Fundamental Neutron Physics Beamline at the Spallation Neutron Source at ORNL
Creators: name: Fomin, N.
name: Greene, G. L.
name: Allen, R.
name: Cianciolo, V.
name: Crawford, C.
name: Ito, T.
name: Huffman, P. R.
name: Iverson, E. B.
name: Mahurin, R.
name: Snow, W. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the Fundamental Neutron Physics Beamline (FnPB) facility located at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The FnPB was designed for the conduct of experiments that investigate scientific issues in nuclear physics, particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology using a pulsed slow neutron beam. We present a detailed description of the design philosophy, beamline components, and measured fluxes of the polychromatic and monochromatic beams.
Methods of spectral analysis of exhaled air suitable for routine diagnostics of diseases of the respiratory system
Creators: name: Yu. V. Kistenev
name: A. A. Karapuzikov
Publisher: name: Advanced Biomaterials and Devices in Medicine
Year: 2015
Subjects: respiratory diseases
early detection
exhaled air monitoring
non-invasive diagnostics

description: Diseases of the respiratory system are among the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Most respiratory disorders are substantially underdiagnosed, with the diagnosis typically delayed until the condition is advanced. Early detection should provide more opportunities to prevent deterioration and lead to reduction of the societal burden of the disease. Exhaled air monitoring is a promising non-invasive and non-expensive procedure for early diagnosis of respiratory diseases. In the present paper, instrumental methods that can provide real-time information on the chemical composition of exhaled air are reviewed and compared in terms of their suitability for routine clinical use.
A comparative study of the structure and morphology of graphene oxide films on glass and aluminum supports by using dip coating
Creators: name: Zamen Karm
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2024
Subjects: Dip coating
Graphene oxide films
Thickness of film
Weight loss
Corrosion rate

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 29, 5, 6 (8 pages)
Effects of large-scale environment on the assembly history of central galaxies
Creators: name: Jung, Intae
name: Lee, Jaehyun
name: Yi, Sukyoung K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine whether large-scale environment affects the mass assembly history of their central galaxies. To facilitate this, we constructed dark matter halo merger trees from a cosmological N-body simulation and calculated the formation and evolution of galaxies using a semi-analytic method. We confirm earlier results that smaller halos show a notable difference in formation time with a mild dependence on large-scale environment. However, using a semi-analytic model, we found that on average the growth rate of the stellar mass of central galaxies is largely insensitive to large-scale environment. Although our results show that the star formation rate (SFR) and the stellar mass of central galaxies in smaller halos are slightly affected by the assembly bias of halos, those galaxies are faint, and the difference in the SFR is minute, and therefore it is challenging to detect it in real galaxies given the current observational accuracy. Future galaxy surveys, such as the BigBOSS experiment and the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, which are expected to provide observational data for fainter objects, will provide a chance to test our model predictions.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (64)]
Creators: name: De Masallia,
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1425
Subjects: subject: Sonstige geistliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Der presybter ...s de Masallia, rector und beneficialis der Kirche St. Marchi, gelegen außerhalb der Mauern von Como, verpachtet dem Roffinus de Roffinibus aus dem Veltlin (Uallistelina), Sohn des verstorbenen Franciscus, wohnhaft in der vicinanzia von Olgiate [Comasco], das Recht auf die Erhebung des Zehnts auf Ländereien, gelegen ebendort.
CHIP protects against cardiac pressure overload through regulation of AMPK
Creators: name: Schisler, Jonathan C.
name: Lockyer, Pamela
name: Zhang, Chunlian
name: Rubel, Carrie E.
name: Patterson, Cam
name: Cyr, Douglas M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Protein quality control and metabolic homeostasis are integral to maintaining cardiac function during stress; however, little is known about if or how these systems interact. Here we demonstrate that C terminus of HSC70-interacting protein (CHIP), a regulator of protein quality control, influences the metabolic response to pressure overload by direct regulation of the catalytic α subunit of AMPK. Induction of cardiac pressure overload in Chip–/– mice resulted in robust hypertrophy and decreased cardiac function and energy generation stemming from a failure to activate AMPK. Mechanistically, CHIP promoted LKB1-mediated phosphorylation of AMPK, increased the specific activity of AMPK, and was necessary and sufficient for stress-dependent activation of AMPK. CHIP-dependent effects on AMPK activity were accompanied by conformational changes specific to the α subunit, both in vitro and in vivo, identifying AMPK as the first physiological substrate for CHIP chaperone activity and establishing a link between cardiac proteolytic and metabolic pathways.
Fock-space perturbed relativistic coupled-cluster theory for electric dipole polarizability of one-valence atomic systems: Application to Al and In
Creators: name: Kumar, Ravi
name: Angom, D.
name: Mani, B. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a Fock-space relativistic coupled-cluster theory based method for the calculation of electric dipole polarizability of one-valence atoms and ions. We employ this method to compute the ground-state and spin-orbit coupled excited state electric dipole polarizability of Al and In. To check the quality of many-electron wavefunctions, we also compute the excitation energies of some low-lying states of Al and In. The effects of Breit interaction and QED corrections from the Uehling potential and the self-energy are included to improve the accuracy of $α$ further. Our recommended value of ground-state $α$ for both atoms are in good agreement with the previous theoretical results. From our computations, we find that more than 65\% of contributions come from the dipolar mixing of $3p$($5p$) with $3d$($5d$) and $4s$($6s$)-electrons for Al(In). The largest Breit and QED contributions are found to be 1.3\% and 0.6\%, respectively.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures, 6 tables
Progress on levitating a sphere in cryogenic fluids
Creators: name: Arrayás, Manuel
name: Bettsworth, Francis
name: Haley, Richard
name: Schanen, Roch
name: Trueba, José Luis
name: Uriarte, Carlos
name: Zavyalov, Vladislav
name: Zmeev, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the working prototype of a levitation system designed for investigation of flows in cryogenic helium fluids. The current device allows the levitation of a superconducting sphere and has several provisions made for allowing precise control over its motion. We report on progress in the detection and control systems of the prototype and demonstrate how uniform circular motion can be implemented.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
An introduction to Docker for reproducible research, with examples from the R environment
Creators: name: Boettiger, Carl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As computational work becomes more and more integral to many aspects of scientific research, computational reproducibility has become an issue of increasing importance to computer systems researchers and domain scientists alike. Though computational reproducibility seems more straight forward than replicating physical experiments, the complex and rapidly changing nature of computer environments makes being able to reproduce and extend such work a serious challenge. In this paper, I explore common reasons that code developed for one research project cannot be successfully executed or extended by subsequent researchers. I review current approaches to these issues, including virtual machines and workflow systems, and their limitations. I then examine how the popular emerging technology Docker combines several areas from systems research - such as operating system virtualization, cross-platform portability, modular re-usable elements, versioning, and a `DevOps' philosophy, to address these challenges. I illustrate this with several examples of Docker use with a focus on the R statistical environment.
Paper-derived bioactive ceramics for complex shape bone implants
Creators: name: H. Lorenz
name: A. Bonet
name: A. Ayrikyan
name: P. Greil
name: N. Travitzky
Publisher: name: Advanced Biomaterials and Devices in Medicine
Year: 2015
Subjects: paper-derived bioactive ceramic
complex-shape implants

description: This paper reports the preparation and properties of paper-derived bioactive ceramic materials that allow easy fabrication of complexshape implants for bone replacement and regeneration. Tricalcium phosphate ((3-TCP), hydroxyapatite (HAP) and bioactive glass (BaG) were used as filler materials in the feedstock for the manufacturing of porous ceramic sheets by a novel preceramic paper processing method. The preceramic papers were sintered at temperatures ranging from 630 to 1250°C, depending on the filler material. The initial preceramic papers and the obtained ceramics were characterized in terms of microstructure and composition, and their porosity and density were measured and compared. The mechanical strength of the sintered specimens was measured using the ball-on-three-ball test and the three point bending test. The open porosity of the as-fabricated paper-derived biomaterials was in the range of 37-64%, their strength varied between approximately 7.6 and 33.1 MPa, while their Young’s modulus ranged between 0.33 and 1.53 GPa.
Coming of age: molecular drivers of aging and therapeutic opportunities
Creators: name: Sharpless, Norman E.
name: Newgard, Christopher B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Aging is like the weather: everyone talks about it, but no one seems to do anything about it. We believe this may soon change, as an improved understanding of the molecular and genetic pathways underlying aging suggests it is possible to therapeutically target the aging process and increase health span. This Review series focuses on fundamental cellular mechanisms of aging and their relationship to human disease. These pathways include telomere dysfunction in cellular senescence and induction of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in systemic aging, sirtuin family regulation of metabolism and aging-associated diseases, mitochondrial metabolism in aging, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and the use of mTOR inhibitors to increase longevity, the progressive decline of the immune system with age, and aging-associated changes to pancreatic islet β cells that may contribute to diabetes. Together, these articles explore pathways affecting aging and possible interventional targets to slow or delay the onset of age-related pathologies.
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (66)]
Creators: name: Bertramus Manghiabaffa
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1425
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Bertramus Mangiabaffa, Sohn des verstorbenen Filipus, seinerseits genannt Roy, verkauft auf Basis einer früher getroffenen Vereinbarung dem Notar Andrinus, letzterer beauftragt von Bertolamus Martinus de Mangiabaffis, seinerseits Sohn des verstorbenen Petrus Mangiabaffa, ein Stück Land gelegen auf dem Gebiet von Suno an einem Ort, genannt Brayda.
Enhanced mesenchymal stem cell differentiation on load-bearing trabecular nitinol scaffolds by medium perfusion
Creators: name: Th. Bose
name: R. E. Unger
name: H. Gotz
name: I. Gotman
name: E. Y. Gutmanas
name: R. Tsaryk
name: C. J. Kirkpatrick
Publisher: name: Advanced Biomaterials and Devices in Medicine
Year: 2015
Subjects: nitinol scaffolds
perfusion bioreactor
mesenchymal stem cells
osteogenic differentiation

description: Trabecular nitinol (tNiTi) is a promising candidate material for bone tissue engineering applications mostly on account of its open-cell porous structure and elasticity, resembling natural bone. Generally, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) can be seeded, cultivated and differentiated into cells of the osteogenic lineage on these scaffolds under static conditions. To determine if more biologically relevant scenarios influence hMSC we investigated the effect of medium perfusion on the osteogenic differentiation of hMSC grown on the tNiTi scaffolds. The scaffolds were seeded and cultivated in a commercial perfusion bioreactor system for four weeks. Following the cultivation and differentiation phase the cells were analyzed for the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and matrix mineralization. Medium perfusion enhanced osteogenesis in hMSC as well as the distribution of cells and extracellular matrix throughout the entire scaffold. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed a co-localization of calcium and phosphate in the mineralized matrix. Furthermore, hMSC on perfused tNiTi scaffolds did not differentiate in the absence of dexamethasone (Dex), and osteogenesis in differentiating cells was not influenced by nickel ions released from the tNiTi scaffolds. Our data indicate that medium perfusion successfully supports the osteogenic differentiation of hMSC on porous tNiTi scaffolds.
Andrographolide production in in vitro cultures of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees
Creators: name: Siripong Premjet
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2024
Subjects: Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees
Covid-19
1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)
6-Benzyladenine (6-BA)
Andrographolide

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 29, 5, 7 (10 pages)
Potential of mean force analysis of short boron nitride and carbon nanotubes insertion into cell membranes
Creators: name: A. A. Tsukanov
name: S. G. Psakhie
Publisher: name: Advanced Biomaterials and Devices in Medicine
Year: 2016
Subjects: boron nitride nanotube
cell membrane
cytotoxicity
free energy
steered molecular dynamics
potential of mean force

description: Tubular nanostructures made of boron nitride are of great interest for nanomedicine. In particular, single-walled boron nitride nanotubes (BNNT) are considered as intracellular nanovectors that have good biocompatibility and potentially lower cytotoxicity than carbon nanoparticles. However, the nanoscale mechanisms of BNNT interaction with the cell membrane remain largely unknown. In this paper a short steered molecular dynamics study of BNNT insertion into a lipid bilayer is presented and its results are compared with the available free energy estimations for carbon nanotube (CNT) penetration. Two BNNT models having different sets of partial atomic charges (PAC) were utilized. Using potential of mean force analysis, the free energy profiles of CNT and two cases of BNNT were compared. The results show that a BNNT with partial charges of ±0.4 e has a similar free energy profile to CNT, but the depth of the free energy well is about 30% smaller than for CNT. Furthermore in contrast to membrane penetration by CNT, BNNT remains filled with water even when it is inside the lipid interior. In the second case, BNNT with PAC of ±1.05 e demonstrates hydrophilic behavior of the nanotube, and its penetration into the cell membrane is quite complicated. Moreover, in this case BNNT has a quasi-stable state on the lipid-water interface. The results suggest that BNNT is less cytotoxic than pristine CNT, however, further steered molecular dynamics investigations with lower pulling velocities and environmentally dependent PAC are necessary.
Walking distance improvements in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients after home-based daily respiratory muscle training: A pilot study
Creators: name: Saowanee Nakmareong
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2024
Subjects: Breathing exercise
Home-based exercise
Inspiratory muscle training
Six-minute walk test

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 29, 5, 8 (8 pages)
Numerical Solution of 3D Poisson-Nernst-Planck Equations Coupled with Classical Density Functional Theory for Modeling Ion and Electron Transport in a Confined Environment
Creators: name: Meng, Da
name: Zheng, Bin
name: Lin, Guang
name: Sushko, Maria L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N06, 65N55, 65T50

description: We have developed efficient numerical algorithms for solving 3D steady-state Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations with excess chemical potentials described by the classical density functional theory (cDFT). The coupled PNP equations are discretized by a finite difference scheme and solved iteratively using the Gummel method with relaxation. The Nernst-Planck equations are transformed into Laplace equations through the Slotboom transformation. Then, the algebraic multigrid method is applied to efficiently solve the Poisson equation and the transformed Nernst-Planck equations. A novel strategy for calculating excess chemical potentials through fast Fourier transforms is proposed, which reduces computational complexity from $O(N^2)$ to $O(N\log N)$, where $N$ is the number of grid points. Integrals involving the Dirac delta function are evaluated directly by coordinate transformation, which yields more accurate results compared to applying numerical quadrature to an approximated delta function. Numerical results for ion and electron transport in solid electrolyte for lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are shown to be in good agreement with the experimental data and the results from previous studies.
description: Keywords and phrases: Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations, classical density functional theory, algebraic multigrid method, fast Fourier transform, Li-ion battery. 26 pages, 8 figures
Symmetry breaking as a general design principle of oscillation-based methods for fixation and manipulation of nano-objects
Creators: name: V. L. Popov
name: R. Wetter
Publisher: name: Advanced Biomaterials and Devices in Medicine
Year: 2016
Subjects: biological motor systems
nanoscale actuators
stick-slip actuators
friction inertial actuators
oscillating rolling
nanotechnology
nanoscale propulsion

description: We present various examples of man-made and biological nanoscale actuators based on oscillations. In most cases it is the interplay of oscillation and friction which produces the driving effect. The basic idea of all such actuators is the same: an asymmetry in the oscillation causes a net directed motion. Introducing asymmetry in different components of the system (internal force, substrate, form of periodic actuation, etc.) leads to different types of drives. This symmetry concept is used to categorize and discuss the basic principles of nanoscale actuation and for formulating general principles of design guidelines that can be used to develop new concepts of nanoscale actuators. Taking into account the general principle of symmetry breaking, a new concept for a high precision actuator suggested recently by the authors is discussed and its practical realization is outlined. This novel drive type consists of a sphere that is rolling backand forth while being pushed on a movable substrate. The sphere acts as the drive and the substrate acts as the runner. A varying normal force leads to varying indentation depth and contact area during rolling. Together with the inertia of the runner, this asymmetry enables accurate control of the runner displacement. In theory, the actuator works with less wear because slip is completely omitted.
Quantitative phase analysis of electron beam weldments of copper and stainless steel 304 using XRD and SEM-EDX
Creators: name: Ajith R. Rajendran
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2024
Subjects: Dissimilar Metal Joints
Electron Beam Welding
Phase Analysis
Microstructural Characterization

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 29, 5, 9 (7 pages)
The GMRT High Resolution Southern Sky Survey for pulsars and transients $-$ IV: Discovery of 4 new pulsars with an FFA search
Creators: name: Singh, Shubham
name: Roy, Jayanta
name: Bhattacharyya, Bhaswati
name: Panda, Ujjwal
name: Stappers, Benjamin W.
name: McLaughlin, Maura A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fast Fourier transform (FFT) based periodicity search methods provide an efficient way to search for millisecond and binary pulsars but encounter significant sensitivity degradation while searching for long period and short duty cycle pulsars. An alternative to FFT-based search methods called the Fast Folding Algorithm (FFA) search, provides superior sensitivity to search for signals with long periods and short duty cycles. In the GMRT High Resolution Southern Sky (GHRSS) survey, we are using an FFA-based pipeline to search for isolated pulsars in a period range of 100 ms to 100 s. We have processed 2800 degree$^2$ of the sky coverage away from the Galactic plane and discovered 6 new pulsars. Here, we report the discovery of 4 of these pulsars with the FFA search pipeline. This includes a narrow duty cycle pulsar, J1936$-$30, which shows nulling behavior with an extreme nulling fraction of $\sim 90\%$. Two of the GHRSS discoveries from the FFA search lie in narrow duty cycle ranges beyond the limit of the existing population. The implementation of FFA search in the GHRSS survey and other pulsar surveys is expected to recover the missing population of long period and short duty cycle pulsars.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, Accepted for publication to The Astrophysical Journal
Common genetic variation at the IL1RL1 locus regulates IL-33/ST2 signaling
Creators: name: McCabe, Elizabeth L.
name: Cheng, Susan
name: Lin, Honghuang
name: Januzzi, James L.
name: Emilsson, Valur
name: Chen, Ming-Huei
name: O’Donnell, Christopher J.
name: Levy, Daniel
name: Felix, Janine F.
name: Chen, Wei-Yu
name: Johnson, Andrew D.
name: Larson, Martin G.
name: Coglianese, Erin
name: Ghorbani, Anahita
name: Dehghan, Abbas
name: Franceschini, Nora
name: Ho, Jennifer E.
name: Schreiter, Eric R.
name: Wang, Thomas J.
name: Newton-Cheh, Christopher
name: Lu, Chen
name: Vasan, Ramachandran S.
name: Lee, Richard T.
name: Walter, Stefan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The suppression of tumorigenicity 2/IL-33 (ST2/IL-33) pathway has been implicated in several immune and inflammatory diseases. ST2 is produced as 2 isoforms. The membrane-bound isoform (ST2L) induces an immune response when bound to its ligand, IL-33. The other isoform is a soluble protein (sST2) that is thought to be a decoy receptor for IL-33 signaling. Elevated sST2 levels in serum are associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. We investigated the determinants of sST2 plasma concentrations in 2,991 Framingham Offspring Cohort participants. While clinical and environmental factors explained some variation in sST2 levels, much of the variation in sST2 production was driven by genetic factors. In a genome-wide association study (GWAS), multiple SNPs within IL1RL1 (the gene encoding ST2) demonstrated associations with sST2 concentrations. Five missense variants of IL1RL1 correlated with higher sST2 levels in the GWAS and mapped to the intracellular domain of ST2, which is absent in sST2. In a cell culture model, IL1RL1 missense variants increased sST2 expression by inducing IL-33 expression and enhancing IL-33 responsiveness (via ST2L). Our data suggest that genetic variation in IL1RL1 can result in increased levels of sST2 and alter immune and inflammatory signaling through the ST2/IL-33 pathway.
Practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution with composable security
Creators: name: Jain, Nitin
name: Chin, Hou-Man
name: Mani, Hossein
name: Lupo, Cosmo
name: Nikolic, Dino Solar
name: Kordts, Arne
name: Pirandola, Stefano
name: Pedersen, Thomas Brochmann
name: Kolb, Matthias
name: Ömer, Bernhard
name: Pacher, Christoph
name: Gehring, Tobias
name: Andersen, Ulrik L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum key distribution (QKD) system must fulfill the requirement of universal composability to ensure that any cryptographic application (using the QKD system) is also secure. Furthermore, the theoretical proof responsible for security analysis and key generation should cater to the number $N$ of the distributed quantum states being finite in practice. Continuous-variable (CV) QKD based on coherent states, despite being a suitable candidate for integration in the telecom infrastructure, has so far been unable to demonstrate composability as existing proofs require a rather large $N$ for successful key generation. Here we report the first Gaussian-modulated coherent state CVQKD system that is able to overcome these challenges and can generate composable keys secure against collective attacks with $N \lesssim 3.5\times10^8$ coherent states. With this advance, possible due to novel improvements to the security proof and a fast, yet low-noise and highly stable system operation, CVQKD implementations take a significant step towards their discrete-variable counterparts in practicality, performance, and security.
description: 8 pages (including 3 figures and references) + 12 pages supplement
CO/H2 Abundance Ratio ~ 10^{-4} in a Protoplanetary Disk
Creators: name: France, Kevin
name: Herczeg, Gregory J.
name: McJunkin, Matthew
name: Penton, Steven V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relative abundances of atomic and molecular species in planet-forming disks around young stars provide important constraints on photochemical disk models and provide a baseline for calculating disk masses from measurements of trace species. A knowledge of absolute abundances, those relative to molecular hydrogen (H2), are challenging because of the weak rovibrational transition ladder of H$_{2}$ and the inability to spatially resolve different emission components within the circumstellar environment. To address both of these issues, we present new contemporaneous measurements of CO and H2 absorption through the "warm molecular layer" of the protoplanetary disk around the Classical T Tauri Star RW Aurigae A. We use a newly commissioned observing mode of the Hubble Space Telescope-Cosmic Origins Spectrograph to detect warm H2 absorption in this region for the first time. An analysis of the emission and absorption spectrum of RW Aur shows components from the accretion region near the stellar photosphere, the molecular disk, and several outflow components. The warm H2 and CO absorption lines are consistent with a disk origin. We model the 1092-1117A spectrum of RW Aur to derive log10 N(H2)~=~19.90$^{+0.33}_{-0.22}$ at T$_{rot}$(H2) ~=~440~+/-~39 K. The CO $A$~--~$X$ bands observed from 1410-1520A are best fit by log10 N(CO)~=~16.1~$^{+0.3}_{-0.5}$ at T$_{rot}$(CO) ~=~200$^{+650}_{-125}$ K. Combining direct measurements of the HI, H2, and CO column densities, we find a molecular fraction in the warm disk surface of $f_{H2}$~>=~0.47 and derive a molecular abundance ratio of CO/H2~=~1.6$^{+4.7}_{-1.3}$~x~10$^{-4}$, both consistent with canonical interstellar dense cloud values.
description: ApJ - accepted. 13 pages, 8 figures