cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Numerical Regge pole analysis of resonance structures in elastic, inelastic and reactive state-to-state integral cross sections
Creators: name: Akhmatskaya, E.
name: Sokolovski, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed description of a FORTRAN code for evaluation of the resonance contribution a Regge trajectory makes to the integral state-to-state cross section (ICS) within a specified range of energies. The contribution is evaluated with the help of the Mulholland formula [Macek et al (2004)] and its variants [Sokolovski et al (2007); Sokolovski and Akhmatskaya (2011)]. Regge pole positions and residues are obtained by analytically continuing S-matrix element, evaluated numerically for the physical values of the total angular momentum, into the complex angular momentum plane using the PADE II program [Sokolovski et al (2011)]. The code decomposes an elastic, inelastic, or reactive ICS into a structured, resonance, and a smooth, "direct", components, and attributes observed resonance structure to resonance Regge trajectories. The package has been successfully tested on several models, as well as the F + H2->HF+H benchmark reaction. Several detailed examples are given in the text.
description: 33 pages, 13 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2204.05775
Fairleigh Dickinson University's PublicMind: New Jersey October 2013 Poll
Creators: name: Fairleigh Dickinson University's PublicMind
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Registered to vote (1); state elections in October and November (2); following United States Senate race (2); following New Jersey governor race (2); chances of voting in upcoming elections (2); voted in primary election for US Senate (1); President Barack Obama job performance (1); direction country is headed (1); Governor of NJ Christopher Christie job performance (1); direction NJ is headed (1); opinion of Christie and his policies (1); vote for former Mayor of Bogota, NJ Steve Lonegan vs. Mayor of Newark Cory Booker for US Senate (1); vote for Governor Christie vs. NJ Senator Barbara Buono (1); impact of sexual orientation on view of candidate as a leader (1); impact of weight on view of Christie as a leader (1); impact of gender on view of Buono as a leader (1); candidates' views on various issues (10); sexual orientation of Booker/Lonegan (2); sports wagering at casinos and race tracks (3); legalization of same sex marriage in NJ (3); political partisanship (2); political ideology (1); length of commute to work (1); experience with gambling (2); respondent's weight (1); public employee pension system membership (1).
Assessment of a composite CC2/DFT procedure for calculating 0–0 excitation energies of organic molecules
Creators: name: Baswanth Oruganti
name: Changfeng Fang
name: Durbeej, Bo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The task to assess the performance of quantum chemical methods in describing electronically excited states has in recent years started to shift from calculation of vertical (ΔEve) to calculation of 0–0 excitation energies (ΔE00). Here, based on a set of 66 excited states of organic molecules for which high-resolution experimental ΔE00 energies are available and for which the approximate coupled-cluster singles and doubles (CC2) method performs particularly well, we explore the possibility to simplify the calculation of CC2-quality ΔE00 energies using composite procedures that partly replace CC2 with more economical methods. Specifically, we consider procedures that employ CC2 only for the ΔEve part and density functional theory methods for the cumbersome excited-state geometry optimisations and frequency calculations required to obtain ΔE00 energies from ΔEve ones. The results demonstrate that it is indeed possible to both closely (to within 0.06–0.08 eV) and consistently approximate ‘true’ CC2 ΔE00 energies in this way, especially when CC2 is combined with hybrid density functionals. Overall, the study highlights the unexploited potential of composite procedures, which hitherto have found widespread use mostly in ground-state chemistry, to also play an important role in facilitating accurate studies of excited states.
Building on shared research and sharing the data underlying a PhD || Engineering Photonics
Creators: name: Partridge, Matthew
name: Hardeman, Megan
name: Harja, Adrian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 20504 Photonics, Optoelectronics and Optical Communications
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Building upon shared research and sharing the data underlying a PhD - a figshare case study of Matthew Partridge's Engineering Photonics research.
Growth rates and relative change in non-structural carbohydrates of dipterocarp seedlings in response to light acclimation
Creators: name: Saner, Philippe
name: Philipson, Christopher D.
name: Peters, Shaun
name: Keller, Felix
name: Bigler, Laurent
name: Turnbull, Lindsay A.
name: Hector, Andy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Background: Acclimation to light is a driver of tropical forest dynamics and key to understanding the coexistence of dipterocarps, and how their demographic rates and traits trade-off. Aims: We examined light niche divergence in six dipterocarp species and hypothesised that seedlings can be functionally grouped, and allocate resources to either growth or storage in response to light changes. Methods: A pot experiment was performed to measure size-specific growth rate, wood density and total non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) concentrations of dipterocarp seedlings exposed to a simulated gap opening. Results: Light-demanding species responded to a gap opening with increased growth and decreased wood density, whereas shade-tolerant species showed a greater relative increase in NSC concentration. Iditol – an alditol – was identified, and Dryobalanops lanceolata responded to a gap opening with a significantly smaller increase in alditol concentration compared to other species. Conclusions: We group light-demanding and shade-tolerant species based on their acclimation to light and show that a generalist species is unique based on its response of NSC concentration to a gap opening. Our findings emphasise that the ecology of these species needs to be further studied in the context of their physiology to support their effective use in large-scale forest restoration efforts.
Sci-Hub. Доклад на конференции в Государственном Университете Уругвая
Creators: name: Элбакян Александра Асановна
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: открытая наука
open science
открытый доступ
open access
Sci-Hub

description: Что такое Sci-Hub, история проекта, статистика, спорные вопросы. 28 августа 2019 г. Уругвай
description: video: youtube.com/watch?v=GyiLDEYsKL0
Additional file 1 of Population structure of Apodemus flavicollis and comparison to Apodemus sylvaticus in northern Poland based on RAD-seq
Creators: name: Cerezo, Maria Luisa Martin
name: Kucka, Marek
name: Zub, Karol
name: Yingguang Frank Chan
name: Bryk, Jarosław
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 Supplementary materials.
Training safer trauma & orthopaedic surgeons through simulation: multidisciplinary, multimodal, and multimedia methodologies
Creators: name: Sugand, Kapil
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: The aim of this thesis was to observe for educational technology through various platforms that could enhance, rather than replace, current training methods in Trauma and Orthopaedic surgery. 9 studies, spanning over 6 years, focussed on validating contemporary simulation methods that consisted of multimodal, multimedia and multi-disciplinary approaches to challenge orthodox pedagogy. Balance between fidelity, interaction and immersion was justified for each simulation scenario after being trialled and tested on cohorts of students, trainees and consultant surgeons. New content was created for the purpose of this thesis as well as being the first to validate commercial virtual reality simulators. Validation consisted of construct, face and content validity as well as training effect and acceptability. Initially, the opinions of the international undergraduate medical student body on the importance of surgical simulation and patient perception on the use of simulated models during Orthopaedic consultations were researched. 5 studies compromised of randomised controlled trials to reach a high level of evidence. Out of those, 3 training effect studies demonstrated that repeated practice improved the psychomotor skills as well as decision-making abilities in cognitive task analysis. With more options available as a result of this thesis, the hope is to formally implement more simulation into the curriculum. The simulation scenarios in this body of work were conducted in a safe and controlled environment to minimise the learning curve when it came to familiarising with new knowledge, thus upholding patient safety as a core pillar of clinical governance. A blended approach attempted to develop and hone both technical and non-technical skills to potentially reduce risk of iatrogenic errors and litigation for future generations of surgeons. Overall, the intention of the modern simulation modalities was to bring Trauma and Orthopaedic surgical training out of its infancy into the 21st century using quantitative and qualitative evidence.
Mélanges de littérature, d'histoire et de philosophie , t.3
Mélanges de littérature, d'histoire et de philosophie, tome 3
1783
Creators: name: Alembert, Jean Le Rond D'
name: Tacitus, Cornelius
Publisher: name: Leide : chez les Frères Murray
Year: 1783
Subjects: littérature
histoire
philosophie

description: Plein cartonnage turquoise d'époque, dos lisses avec étiquettes et filets dorés.
Holding Hands: Intergenerational Desire in Diana Wynne Jones's Fire and Hemlock and Ali Smith's Autumn
Creators: name: Joosen, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Children's literature

description: Diana Wynne Jones's Fire and Hemlock (1984) and Ali Smith's Autumn (2016) are two British novels that evoke an intense friendship between a girl and an older man. Their experimental narrative forms include a complex chronology, unreliable narrator, dream scenes, gaps, and a rich intertextual network to frame an intergenerational friendship that can be read as intergenerational desire. The experimental narratives and reflections on the fluidity of age enable Smith and Jones to evoke this controversial topic without fulling addressing it. A lot is at stake for Fire and Hemlock, given that it is addressed to young readers and there is concern that children's books could be used for grooming. Controversially, both novels locate the desire in the young girl rather than the old man and explore the agency and moments of disempowerment that the female characters experience. However, an age gap between childhood and adulthood is crucial in qualifying a relationship as “intergenerational desire,” and here, the novels’ experimental structures and fuzzy chronologies create ambiguity. In addition, the books create confusion about the nature of the attraction between the characters. They exploit the ambiguity that incomplete memories, unreliable narration, narrative gaps, metaphors, and intertextual references leave when thematizing what could be defined as friendship, kinship, love, and/or sexual attraction.
Ceramic hollow fibre-supported covalent organic framework membranes for fluid separation
Creators: name: Banjerdteerakul, Kornkamol
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: Membrane separation plays a crucial role in a wide range of industries, yet conventional materials such as polymers and ceramics face challenges in attaining high production rates and separation efficiency. These materials do not offer optimal transport capabilities as the resulting membranes lack well-structured and adjustable pore channels, resulting in a non-uniform pore size, limited porosity, and inadequate interconnectivity. The limitations of these materials have led to the exploration of alternative options, such as covalent organic frameworks (COFs). COFs have emerged as a new class of crystalline materials for membrane separation due to their well-defined pore structure, high porosity, highly tunable surface chemistry, and excellent chemical stability. However, the processing of COFs into a composite membrane has been limited by the challenges associated with the selection of appropriate substrate materials and the lack of effective methods for forming defect-free thin films with long-range order. This thesis aims to investigate the fabrication methods for COF-based thin film composite (TFC) membranes using ceramic hollow fibres (CHFs) as substrates, focusing on three processing methods: in-situ growth, interfacial polymerisation, and vacuum-assisted self-assembly. Initial research focuses on optimising CHF substrates for COF deposition. The study then progresses to in-situ growth, examining imine-linked COF-LZU1 and COF-300 for intergrown COF layer formation and assessing separation efficiency via pervaporation of azeotropic mixtures. Interfacial polymerisation is subsequently analysed as a method to create COF thin films directly on CHF substrates, targeting applications in textile wastewater filtration. Lastly, vacuum-assisted self-assembly is investigated for developing thin, crystalline COF films, with an emphasis on ketoenamine-linked COF, TpPa-SO3H, for removing small pharmaceutical molecules through size exclusion and electrostatic repulsion. The primary goal of this thesis is to advance the development of COF/CHF membranes for fluid separations and deepen the understanding of their fabrication processes and properties.
A consolidating review of Spekkens’ toy theory
Creators: name: Hausmann, Ladina
name: Nurgalieva, Nuriya
name: del Rio, Lídia
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2021

description: In order to better understand a complex theory like quantum mechanics, it is sometimes useful to take a step back and create alternative theories, with more intuitive foundations, and examine which features of quantum mechanics can be reproduced by such a foil theory. A prominent example is Spekkens' toy theory, which is based off a simple premise: "What if we took a common classical theory and added the uncertainty principle as a postulate?" In other words, the theory imposes an epistemic restriction on our knowledge about a physical system: only half of the variables can ever be known to an observer. Like good science fiction, from this simple principle a rich behaviour emerges, most notoriously when we compose several systems. The toy theory emulates some aspects of quantum non-locality, although crucially it is still a non-contextual model. In this pedagogical review we consolidate different approaches to Spekkens' toy theory, including the stabilizer formalism and the generalization to arbitrary dimensions, completing them with new results where necessary. In particular, we introduce a general characterization of measurements, superpositions and entanglement in the toy theory.
description: arXiv
The refined quantum extremal surface prescription from the asymptotic equipartition property
Creators: name: Wang, Jinzhao
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2021

description: Information theoretic ideas have provided numerous insights in the progress of fundamental physics, especially in our pursuit of quantum gravity. In particular, the holographic entanglement entropy is a very useful tool in studying AdS/CFT, and its efficacy is manifested in the recent black hole page curve calculation. On the other hand, the one-shot information theoretic entropies, such as the smooth min/max-entropies, are less discussed in AdS/CFT. They are however more fundamental entropy measures from the quantum information perspective and should also play pivotal roles in holography. We combine the technical methods from both quantum information and quantum gravity to put this idea on firm grounds. In particular, we study the quantum extremal surface (QES) prescription that was recently revised to highlight the significance of one-shot entropies in characterizing the QES phase transition. Motivated by the asymptotic equipartition property (AEP), we derive the refined quantum extremal surface prescription for fixed-area states via a novel AEP replica trick, demonstrating the synergy between quantum information and quantum gravity. We further prove that, when restricted to pure bulk marginal states, such corrections do not occur for the higher Rényi entropies of a boundary subregion in fixed-area states, meaning they always have sharp QES transitions. Our path integral derivation suggests that the refinement applies beyond AdS/CFT, and we confirm it in a black hole toy model by showing that the Page curve, for a black hole in superposition of two radiation stages, receives a large correction that is consistent with the refined QES prescription.
description: arXiv
Grid Regionalization in the West: Reliability Benefits from Increased Cooperation in ElectricityMarkets and Operations
Creators: name: Ahumada-Paras, Mareldi
name: Mastrandrea, Michael
name: Wara, Michael
name: Moritsch, Monica
name: Staks, Kathleen
name: Smutny-Jones, Jan
name: Rothleder, Mark
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: CEPP, Climate Energy Policy Program, Regionalization, U.S. electricity grid, grid, climate change, renewable energy

description: In recent years, parts of the U.S. electricity grid have experienced increasing impacts from weather and climate-related extreme events that have disrupted system operations, triggered emergency responses, and motivated stakeholders to make substantial changes to planning strategies. In the West, extreme heat events combined with severe drought that limits availability of hydropower have proven particularly challenging for grid operators to manage. This webinar will present the results of a new study evaluating the potential reliability benefits - under grid stress conditions created by extreme heat - from improved coordination of electricity operations in the West. This work complements earlier work on economic benefits and adds a more complete picture of potential benefits from energy market regionalization. A panel of energy experts will discuss ongoing efforts to expand cooperation in western electricity markets to contend with the growing impacts of climate change and support increasing use of renewable energy around the West.
Depth-efficient proofs of quantumness
Creators: name: Liu, Zhenning
name: Gheorghiu, Alexandru
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2021

description: A proof of quantumness is a type of challenge-response protocol in which a classical verifier can efficiently certify the quantum advantage of an untrusted prover. That is, a quantum prover can correctly answer the verifier's challenges and be accepted, while any polynomial-time classical prover will be rejected with high probability, based on plausible computational assumptions. To answer the verifier's challenges, existing proofs of quantumness typically require the quantum prover to perform a combination of polynomial-size quantum circuits and measurements. In this paper, we give two proof of quantumness constructions in which the prover need only perform constant-depth quantum circuits (and measurements) together with log-depth classical computation. Our first construction is a generic compiler that allows us to translate all existing proofs of quantumness into constant quantum depth versions. Our second construction is based around the learning with rounding problem, and yields circuits with shorter depth and requiring fewer qubits than the generic construction. In addition, the second construction also has some robustness against noise.
description: arXiv
Role of Oxygen Functionalities in Graphene Oxide Architectural Laminate Subnanometer Spacing and Water Transport
Creators: name: Amadei, Carlo Alberto
name: Montessori, Andrea
name: Kadow, Julian P.
name: Succi, Sauro
name: Vecitis, Chad D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active research in nanotechnology contemplates the use of nanomaterials for engineering applications. However, a primary challenge is understanding the effects of nanomaterial properties on industrial device performance and translating unique nanoscale properties to the macroscale. One emerging example is graphene oxide (GO) membranes for separation processes. Thus, here we investigate how individual GO properties can impact layered GO characteristics and water permeability. GO chemistry and morphology were controlled with easy-to-implement photo-reduction and sonication techniques and were quantitatively correlated offering a valuable tool to speed up the characterization process. For example, one could perform chemical analysis and concurrently obtain morphology information or vice versa. Chemical GO modification allows for fine control of GO oxidation state and GO laminate nanoarchitecture enabling controlled synthesis of a GO architectural laminate (GOAL). The GOAL can be considered as the selective layer of the membrane created by interconnected sub-nanometer channels, characterized by a length and a height (i.e., GO spacing), through which water molecules permeate. Water permeability was measured for eight GOAL characterized by different GO chemistry and morphology, and indicate that GO nanochannel height dictates water transport. The simulations indicate a no-slip Darcy-like water transport regime inside the GOAL due to the presence of basal oxygen functionalities. The experimental and simulation evidence presented in this letter help create a clearer picture of water transport in GO and can be used to rationally design more effective and efficient GO membranes.
description: 25 pages
Образ Духа Божьего в текстах еврейской Библии. Выпускная квалификационная работа магистра по специальности Лингвистика
Creators: name: Элбакян Александра Асановна
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: conceptual metaphor
cognitive linguistics
biblical hebrew
когнитивная лингвистика
лингвистика
библеистика
концептуальная метафора

description: В работе исследуются когнитивные метафоры и образный язык текстов Библии на древнееврейском языке, предметом исследования является образ Духа (רוח)

 Работа состоит из введения, четырех глав, заключения и списка использованной литературы. Первая глава посвящена раскрытию значения понятия «образ» в современной науке о языке, так как оно является достаточно сложным и вызывает большое количество споров и разногласий.

 Во второй главе приводятся современные теории и традиционные подходы к исследованию образности текстов, анализируются их достоинства и недостатки. Третья глава посвящена обзору имеющихся на данный момент исследований на тему Духа Божьего в библейских текстах.

 В четвертой главе выбраны и проанализированы фрагменты текстов еврейской Библии, которые имеют отношение к теме данной работы; показано, как образная речь становится генератором многозначности слова; применяется теория концептуальных метафор для анализа образности текста.
Market, Freedom and the Illusions of Microcredit. Patronage, Caste, Class and Patriarchy in Rural South India
Creators: name: Guérin, Isabelle
name: Kumar, Santosh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: As a market tool, microcredit is expected to promote individual freedom, for women in particular. By drawing on a southern Indian case, this paper argues that microcredit is in fact shaped by the power structures it is supposed to eradicate. Even if they are partly reshaped, local structures of power remain unavoidable to protect populations (something that microcredit fails to do) but also to build the microcredit market and ensure its legitimacy, for donors, local political arenas and local populations. Far beyond microcredit, our findings question the uneasy relationships between markets and individual freedoms.
Triterpenoids from Abies faxoniana and their cytotoxic activities
Creators: name: Wang, Guo-Wei
name: Lv, Chao
name: Yun-Heng Shen
name: Zhang, Wei-Dong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Two previously unreported triterpenoids (1 and 2) and four known compounds were isolated from Abies faxoniana. Compound 1 has a α,β-unsaturated-γ-lactone ring conjugated with the C-22/23 olefin in the C-17 side chain. The structures of the new compounds were established on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis. These compounds were tested for their cytotoxicities against six human tumour cell lines. Compound 1 showed cytotoxic activities against MCF-7 and A549 cells with IC50 values of 7.5 and 8.7 μM, respectively.
Modelling of rock spalling in a geological disposal facility for nuclear waste
Creators: name: Saceanu, Maria
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: Geologic Disposal Facilities (GDFs) are the preferred long-term solution for the safe disposal of radioactive waste. The construction and subsequent performance of deep geologic repositories may create damage and fractures in the rocks surrounding the waste-bearing boreholes, compromising the integrity of the geological barrier that is intended to prevent radionuclides from escaping into the biosphere. In this work, the processes that may lead to the fracturing and damage of the host rock are numerically modelled in three dimensions with a finite element-based, monolithically-coupled thermo-mechanical simulator. Previous fracture growth methodology is extended, by incorporating continuum damage mechanics to simulate the nucleation of fractures. A novel lofting algorithm improves the meshing efficiency of fracture mechanics models, and enhances the generation of detailed three-dimensional geometries. The simulations explicitly capture the initiation and growth of new fractures, due to the changing thermo-mechanical loadings. Validations of the simulation approach are conducted at borehole and tunnel scales, based on comparisons against analytical models, and experimental measurements made at several sites. The impact of borehole drilling, and subsequent heating and cooling, is investigated specifically for the Swedish Forsmark GDF site, using realistic properties and timelines. Single and multiple borehole geometries of varying characteristics are considered, including varying borehole shapes and spacings, tunnel effects, and in situ stress variations. Borehole spacing has a significant effect on the fracture pattern formed across interacting boreholes, whereas heating has a secondary effect on fracture growth. Material property variations are found to induce less uniform nucleation and fracture growth extension. The effect of long-term evolution of glacial cycle stresses is also evaluated for initially intact rocks. These glaciation-induced stresses are shown to also induce spalling patterns with variations in orientation and extension, depending on the loading scenario.
Performance Evaluation and Acceleration of the QTensor Quantum Circuit Simulator on GPUs
Creators: name: Lykov, Danylo
name: Chen, Angela
name: Chen, Huaxuan
name: Keipert, Kristopher
name: Zhang, Zheng
name: Gibbs, Tom
name: Alexeev, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work studies the porting and optimization of the tensor network simulator QTensor on GPUs, with the ultimate goal of simulating quantum circuits efficiently at scale on large GPU supercomputers. We implement NumPy, PyTorch, and CuPy backends and benchmark the codes to find the optimal allocation of tensor simulations to either a CPU or a GPU. We also present a dynamic mixed backend to achieve optimal performance. To demonstrate the performance, we simulate QAOA circuits for computing the MaxCut energy expectation. Our method achieves $176\times$ speedup on a GPU over the NumPy baseline on a CPU for the benchmarked QAOA circuits to solve MaxCut problem on a 3-regular graph of size 30 with depth $p=4$.
Studies on chemical constituents and anti-hepatoma effects of essential oil from Annona squamosa L. pericarps
Creators: name: Chen, Ya-Yun
name: Chen-Xiao Peng
name: Hu, Yan
name: Bu, Chen
name: Guo, Shu-Chen
name: Li, Xiang
name: Chen, Yong
name: Chen, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Annona squamosa L. fruit played great anti-neoplastic activities. Its pericarps were discarded as waste. In this study, essential oil extracted from A. squamosa L. pericarps (APEO) was obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC–MS. Furthermore, the anti-hepatoma activities and the underlying mechanism of the oil were firstly described. A total of 59 compounds were identified by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The major compound in the oil was (−)-spathulenol (32.51%). The APEO demonstrated anti-hepatoma activity against SMMC-7721 hepatoma cell line with IC50 lower than 55 μg/mL. At the same time, nucleus shrinkage or broken were found in cells incubated with APEO through fluorescent microscope. In addition, pro-apoptosis and cell cycle arrest effects were confirmed by flow cytometry analysis.
The Manin-Drinfeld theorem and the rationality of Rademacher symbols
Creators: name: Burrin, Claire
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2021

description: For any noncocompact Fuchsian group Γ, we show that periods of the canonical differential of the third kind associated to residue divisors of cusps are expressed in terms of Rademacher symbols for Γ - generalizations of periods appearing in the classical theory of modular forms. This result provides a relation between Rademacher symbols and the famous theorem of Manin and Drinfeld. More precisely, Fuchsian groups whose Rademacher symbols are rational-valued verify the statement of Manin-Drinfeld. We then establish the rationality of Rademacher symbols for various families of Fuchsian groups.
description: arXiv
Volume bounds for the canonical lift complement of a random geodesic
Creators: name: Cremaschi, Tommaso
name: Krifka, Yannick
name: Martínez-Granado, Didac
name: Vargas Pallete, Franco
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2021

description: Given a filling primitive geodesic loop in a closed hyperbolic surface one obtains a hyperbolic three-manifold as the complement of the loop's canonical lift to the projective tangent bundle. In this paper we give the first known lower bound for the volume of these manifolds in terms of the length of generic loops. We show that estimating the volume from below can be reduced to a counting problem in the unit tangent bundle and solve it by applying an exponential multiple mixing result for the geodesic flow.
description: arXiv
Impacts of fertilization practices on pH and the pH buffering capacity of calcareous soil
Creators: name: Yongyong Zhang
name: Shuiqing Zhang
name: Ruzhen Wang
name: Jiangping Cai
name: Yuge Zhang
name: Li, Hui
name: Shaomin Huang
name: Jiang, Yong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Modern intensive agricultural practices, particularly the use of nitrogen fertilizers, have accelerated soil acidification on a global scale. The soil pH buffering capacity (pHBC) is often used to quantify the soil acidification rate. Calcareous soils have relatively higher pH and pHBC, reflecting the presence of carbonate minerals; however, the impact of long-term fertilization treatment on pH and pHBC is poorly understood for calcareous soils. Here, calcareous soil samples (0–20 cm) were collected from fields receiving six different fertilization treatments for 22 years: control (CK, unfertilized but planted); nitrogen (N); nitrogen and phosphorus (NP); nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK); combined manure and NPK (NPKM); and combined corn-stover and NPK (NPKS). Both pH and pHBC significantly decreased for all treatments relative to CK. NPKS treatment had the lowest soil pH. Compared with CK, the soil pHBC decreased 5.7 to 17.3% under different treatments. The calcium carbonate (CaCO3) content was significantly reduced by fertilization treatments, with a maximum decrease under the NPKS treatment. Structural equation model (SEM) analysis revealed that calcium carbonate and soil organic matter (SOM) made important contributions to effective cation exchangeable capacity (ECEC). Soil pHBC was directly controlled by ECEC, while CaCO3 and SOM indirectly contributed to the pHBC through ECEC. These results indicated that NPKS treatment induces more severe soil acidification, reflecting the higher H+ input and lower pHBC under this treatment.
Dichotomous regulation of lysosomes by MYC and TFEB controls hematopoietic stem cell fate
Creators: name: García-Prat, Laura
name: Kaufmann, Kerstin B.
name: Schneiter, Florin
name: Voisin, Veronique
name: Murison, Alex
name: Chen, Jocelyn
name: Chan-Seng-Yue, Michelle
name: Gan, Olga I.
name: McLeod, Jessica L.
name: Smith, Sabrina A.
name: Shoong, Michelle C.
name: Paris, Darrien
name: Pan, Kristele
name: Zeng, Andy G.X.
name: Krivdova, Gabriela
name: Gupta, Kinam
name: Takayanagi, Shin-Ichiro
name: Wagenblast, Elvin
name: Wang, Weijia
name: Lupien, Mathieu
name: Schroeder, Timm
name: Xie, Stephanie Z.
name: Dick, John E.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2021
Subjects: Lysosomes
TFEB
MYC
Long-term HSC
Self-renewal
Erythropoiesis
Myelopoiesis
TfR1
Anabolism
Catabolism

description: It is critical to understand how quiescent long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSC) sense demand from daily and stress-mediated cues and transition into bioenergetically active progeny to differentiate and meet these cellular needs. Here, we show that lysosomes, which are sophisticated nutrient sensing and signaling centers, are dichotomously regulated by the Transcription Factor EB (TFEB) and MYC to balance catabolic and anabolic processes required for activating LT-HSC and guiding their lineage fate. TFEB-mediated induction of the endolysosomal pathway causes membrane receptor degradation, limiting LT-HSC metabolic and mitogenic activation, which promotes quiescence, self-renewal and governs erythroid-myeloid commitment. By contrast, MYC engages biosynthetic processes while repressing lysosomal catabolism to drive LT-HSC activation. Collectively, our study identifies lysosomes as a central regulatory hub for proper and coordinated stem cell fate determination.
description: bioRxiv
Pre-collapse motion of the February 2021 Chamoli rock-ice avalanche, Indian Himalaya
Creators: name: Van Wyk de Vries, Maximillian
name: Bhushan, Shashank
name: Jacquemart, Mylène
name: Deschamps-Berger, César
name: Berthier, Etienne
name: Gascoin, Simon
name: Shean, David E.
name: Shugar, Dan H.
name: Kääb, Andreas
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2021

description: On the 7th of February 2021, a large rock-ice avalanche triggered a debris flow in Chamoli district, Uttarakhand, India, leaving over 200 dead or missing. The rock-ice avalanche originated from a steep, glacierized north-facing slope. In this work, we assess the precursory signs exhibited by this slope prior to the catastrophic collapse. We evaluate monthly slope motion from 2015 to 2021 through feature tracking of high-resolution optical satellite imagery. We then combine these data with a time series of pre- and post-event DEMs, which we use to evaluate elevation change over the same area. Both datasets show that the 26.9 Mm3 collapse block moved over 10 m horizontally and vertically in the five years preceding collapse, with particularly rapid motion occurring in the summers of 2017 and 2018. We propose that the collapse results from a combination of snow-loading in a deep headwall crack and permafrost degradation in the heavily jointed bedrock. Our observation of a clear precursory signal highlights the potential of satellite imagery for monitoring the stability of high-risk slopes. We find that the timing of the Chamoli rock-ice avalanche could likely not have been forecast from satellite data alone.
description: Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions
Variable hydrograph inputs for a numerical debris-flow runout model
Creators: name: Mitchell, Andrew
name: Zubrycky, Sophia
name: McDougall, Scott
name: Aaron, Jordan
name: Jacquemart, Mylène
name: Hübl, Johannes
name: Kaitna, Roland
name: Graf, Christoph
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2021

description: Debris flows affect people and infrastructure around the world, and as a result, many numerical models and modelling approaches have been developed to simulate their impacts. Observations from instrumented debris-flow channels show that variability in inflow depth, velocity and discharge in real debris flows is much higher than what is typically used in numerical simulations. However, the effect of this natural variability on numerical model outputs is not well known. In this study, we examine the effects of using complex inflow time series within a single-phase runout model utilizing a Voellmy flow-resistance model. The interactions between model topography and flow-resistance were studied first using a simple triangular hydrograph, which showed simulated discharges change because of local slopes and Voellmy parameters. Next, more complex inflows were tested using time series based on 24 real debris-flow hydrographs initiated from three locations. We described a simple method to scale inflow hydrographs by defining a target event volume and maximum allowable peak discharge. The results showed a large variation in simulated flow depths and velocities arising from the variable inflow. The effects of variable inflow conditions were demonstrated in simulations of two case histories of real debris flows, where the variation in inflow leads to significant variations in the simulation outputs. The real debris-flow hydrographs were used to provide an indication of the range of impacts that may result from the natural variability in inflow conditions. These results demonstrate variation in inflow conditions can lead to reasonable estimates of the potential variation in impacts.
description: Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions
Evaluating the Effects of a Programming Error on a Virtual Environment Measure of Spatial Navigation Behavior
Creators: name: Weisberg, Steven M.
name: Schinazi, Victor
name: Ferrario, Andrea
name: Newcombe, Nora S.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2021

description: Relying on shared tasks and stimuli to conduct research can enhance the replicability of findings and allow a community of researchers to collect large data sets across multiple experiments. This approach is particularly relevant for experiments in spatial navigation, which often require the development of unfamiliar large-scale virtual environments to test participants. One challenge with shared platforms is that undetected technical errors, rather than being restricted to individual studies, become pervasive across many studies. Here, we discuss the discovery of a programming error (a bug) in a virtual environment platform used to investigate individual differences in spatial navigation: Virtual Silcton. The bug resulted in storing the absolute value of an angle in a pointing task rather than the signed angle. This bug was difficult to detect for several reasons, and it rendered the original sign of the angle unrecoverable. To assess the impact of the error on published findings, we collected a new data set for comparison. Our results revealed that the effect of the error on published data is likely to be minimal, partially explaining the difficulty in detecting the bug over the years. We also used the new data set to develop a tool that allows researchers who have previously used Virtual Silcton to evaluate the impact of the bug on their findings. We summarize the ways that shared open materials, shared data, and collaboration can pave the way for better science to prevent errors in the future.
description: PsyArXiv
Acetyl pyridine-based palladium(II) compounds as an artificial metallonucleases
Creators: name: Khyati P. Thakor
name: Lunagariya, Miral V.
name: Patel, Mohan N.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Palladium(II) complexes of type [Pd(Ln)Cl2] and [Pd(bdt)(Ln)] have been synthesized using 2-acetyl pyridine derivatives(Ln) and benzene-12-dithiol(bdt). The synthesized complexes have been characterized by various analytical techniques like thermo gravimetric analysis, elemental analysis, conductance measurement, and spectroscopic techniques like elemental analysis, mass spectra, absorption spectra, IR, 1H NMR, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The interaction of the complexes with calf-thymus DNA (CT-DNA) has been explored by absorption titration, viscosity measurement methods. Based on the observations, an intercalative binding mode of DNA has been proposed. In order to provide additional evidence for the intercalation mode of binding between the complex and CT-DNA, fluorescence titration experiment was performed. In addition, molecular modeling study has been carried out with the aim of establishing the complex’s binding mode. Antibacterial activity study of the complexes have been screened against pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Serratia marcescens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Gel electrophoresis assay demonstrates that all the complexes can cleave the pUC19 plasmid DNA.
Gibberellic acid inhibitors control height growth and cone production in Abies fraseri
Creators: name: Crain, Brent A.
name: Cregg, Bert M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Precocious cone production in Fraser fir (Abies fraseri) results in substantial economic losses for Christmas tree growers in the United States. Cone removal often represents the second highest labor expense, after shearing. Gibberellins (GAs) regulate both reproductive development and shoot elongation, and are used to enhance cone production in conifer seed orchards. We identified plant growth regulators (PGRs) that inhibit GA biosynthesis – paclobutrazol, applied by foliar spray (PBZ-foliar) or soil injection (PBZ-soil), and chlormequat. We evaluated the effects of PGR treatments on cone production and vegetative growth in three tree size classes (small, medium, and large) at four locations over a three-year period. PGRs were applied in spring 2013, but did not affect growth until 2014, nor did they affect cone production until 2015. In 2014, PBZ reduced leader length by 21–29% across size classes and sites, while also increasing bud density by 11–20%. In 2015, PBZ-soil reduced average cone density (cones/tree) in small, medium, and large trees by 33%, 54%, and 40%, respectively. PBZ-soil also reduced leader length by 20–29% and increased bud density by 16–25%, making it the most effective PGR at controlling height growth and cone production in Fraser fir.