cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A prática do basquetebol por meninas nas aulas de educação física escolar no município de Volta Redonda: a visão dos professores
Creators: name: Severino, Claudio Delunardo
name: Gonçalves, Francisco José Miranda
name: Darido, Suraya Cristina
Publisher: name: Motricidade
Year: 2015

description: A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo geral abordar a participação feminina nas aulas de Educação Física, com enfoque no Basquetebol como conteúdo. Participaram da pesquisa professores das instituições públicas e privadas do município de Volta Redonda/RJ/Brasil em turmas do 6º ao 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Tratou-se de um estudo quanti-qualitativo com análise de conteúdo e, como procedimento de coleta de dados, foram entrevistados sessenta docentes que opinaram acerca da questão investigada. Verificou-se que a realidade da Educação Física no município de Volta Redonda apresenta, de maneira geral, características de um modelo baseado no ensino dos esportes de acordo com as concepções subordinadas ao alto rendimento. Considera-se também que a Educação Física pode ser vista como uma aliada importante no alcance de objetivos vinculados à formação de valores e a prática do Basquetebol em ambiente escolar por meninas pode representar um novo desenho quanto a compreensão de igualdade de direitos e não hierarquização por parte dos discentes.
description: Motricidade, Vol 11 No 2 (2015)
An IFU View of the Active Galactic Nuclei in MaNGA Galaxy Pairs
Creators: name: Jin, Gaoxiang
name: Dai, Y. Sophia
name: Pan, Hsi-An
name: Lin, Lihwai
name: Li, Cheng
name: Hsieh, Bau-Ching
name: Shen, Shiyin
name: Yuan, Fang-Ting
name: Feng, Shuai
name: Cheng, Cheng
name: Xu, Hai
name: Huang, Jia-Sheng
name: Zhang, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) during galaxy interactions and how they influence the star formation in the system are still under debate. We use a sample of 1156 galaxies in galaxy pairs or mergers (hereafter `pairs') from the MaNGA survey. This pair sample is selected by the velocity offset, projected separation, and morphology, and is further classified into four cases along the merger sequence based on morphological signatures. We then identify a total of 61 (5.5%) AGNs in pairs based on the emission-line diagnostics. No evolution of the AGN fraction is found, either along the merger sequence or compared to isolated galaxies (5.0%). We observe a higher fraction of passive galaxies in galaxy pairs, especially in the pre-merging cases, and associate the higher fraction to their environmental dependence. The isolated AGN and AGN in pairs show similar distributions in their global stellar mass, star formation rate (SFR), and central [OIII] surface brightness. AGNs in pairs show radial profiles of increasing specific SFR and declining Dn4000 from center to outskirts, and no significant difference from the isolated AGNs. This is clearly different from star-forming galaxies (SFGs) in our pair sample, which show enhanced central star formation, as reported before. AGNs in pairs have lower Balmer decrements at outer regions, possibly indicating less dust attenuation. Our findings suggest that AGNs likely follow an inside-out quenching and the merger impact on the star formation in AGNs is less prominent than in SFGs.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures, accepted by ApJ
First principles determination of the Peierls stress of the shuffle screw dislocation in silicon
Creators: name: Pizzagalli, Laurent
name: Beauchamp, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Peierls stress of the a/2<110> screw dislocation belonging to the shuffle set is calculated for silicon using density functional theory. We have checked the effect of boundary conditions by using two models, the supercell method where one considers a periodic array of dislocations, and the cluster method where a single dislocation is embedded in a small cluster. The Peierls stress is underestimated with the supercell and overestimated with the cluster. These contributions have been calculated and the Peierls stress is determined in the range between 2.4 x 10-2 and 2.8 x 10-2 eV Å-3. When moving, the dislocation follows the {111} plane going through a low energy metastable configuration and never follows the 100 plane, which includes a higher energy metastable core configuration.
REFLECTION OF ARCHAISMS IN THE TRANSLATIONS OF "BOBURNOMA"
Creators: name: Olimjanova, Dilafruz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The study of manuscripts and translations of the text "Boburnoma" in the world literary process is of great interest to orientalists and translators. The fact that "Boburnoma" has been translated into more than 16 languages of the world is a clear proof of this. The problem of highlighting the linguocultural aspects of the translation of "Boburnoma" and the adequate translation of units of measurement into English is one of the most pressing issues in translation studies.
O efeito do estabelecimento de metas específicas no desempe-nho e comprometimento de indivíduos experientes no lançamento do basquetebol
Creators: name: Ambrósio, Natália Fontes Alves
name: Pacheco, Matheus Maia
name: Santos, Fernando Garbeloto
name: Palhares, Leandro Ribeiro
name: Bruzi, Alessandro Teodoro
Publisher: name: Motricidade
Year: 2015

description: Este estudo investigou os efeitos da meta estabelecida no desempenho e aderência de indivíduos ex-perientes. Foram realizadas três fases: pré-teste, prática e pós-teste. Treze atletas universitários (24.3±4.8 anos de idade) foram divididos em dois grupos onde realizaram arremessos de três metros do basquetebol: G10% - no qual 10% do desempenho do pré-teste foram acrescidos para o estabele-cimento da meta, e G30%, no qual 30% foi acrescido para estabelecimento da meta. Após a última fa-se, os indivíduos responderam a um questionário de avaliação do comprometimento a meta. A expec-tativa era que o grupo com maior percentagem no estabelecimento da meta iria demonstrar piores re-sultados e menor comprometimento com a meta estabelecida devido a dificuldade imposta. As análi-ses mostraram que apesar da melhora significativa de ambos os grupos, os diferentes percentuais no estabelecimento de metas foram similares na mudança do desempenho. Entretanto, o acréscimo de 10% ao desempenho no pré teste permitiu maior comprometimento com a meta.
description: Motricidade, Vol 11 No 2 (2015)
Effects of chronic infusion of endotoxin on renal and cardiovascular function in rats
Creators: name: Azzarolo Carvallo, Ana Maria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A study was made of the renal and cardiovascular responses of rats to the chronic intravenous administration of bacterial endotoxin. Endotoxin (E coli; 026: B6) was infused intravenously at the rate of 10 μg/h for a period of 4-6 days by means of subcutaneously implanted osmotic mini-pumps. The chronic endotoxemia resulted in a large fall in the renal output of sodium, a decrease in urine osmolality and an increase in potassium output. Aldosterone concentration in plasma was not changed. The renal retention of sodium was associated with an increased plasma volume, sodium space and total body exchangeable sodium. A study of renal function using clearance methods showed that the above changes occurred in the absence of statistically significant changes in glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow or filtration fraction. Measurements of renal medullary plasma flow by means of an isotope accumulation method indicated that no significant redistribution of intrarenal blood flow had occurred which might account for either the retention of sodium or the impaired renal concentrating ability. An investigation of cardiovascular function showed that rats with chronic endotoxemia had a significantly increased cardiac output as measured by the reference sample technique using radio-labelled plastic microspheres. These animals also had an increased stroke volume, bradycardia, hypotension and a decreased total peripheral resistance. The renal fraction of the cardiac output was significantly reduced but total renal blood flow was unchanged. The fractional distribution of nutritional blood flow to the kidney, as measured with ⁸⁶RbCl, was not significantly changed. Because of theoretical, but possible, sources of error inherent in the use of microspheres to measure cardiac output an attempt was made to confirm the above data using an alternative method. Measurement of cardiac output using the direct Fick method did not disclose a significant difference in cardiac output. Measurements were also made of the circulating half-life of endotoxin in plasma using ⁵¹Cr-labelled endotoxin. There was a very large increase in the rate of plasma clearance of endotoxin in rats subjected to chronic endotoxemia but no change in the fractional uptake of endotoxin by selected organs. It is suggested that the observed changes in renal function were secondary to the hemodynamic effects of endotoxin rather than to direct nephrotoxic effects.
Insatisfação com a imagem corporal em adolescentes do sexo feminino de uma cidade de pequeno porte: prevalência e correlações
Creators: name: Martins, Cilene Rebolho
name: Petroski, Edio Luiz
Publisher: name: Motricidade
Year: 2015

description: Este estudo buscou identificar a prevalência e os fatores associados à insatisfação com a imagem corporal em adolescentes de uma cidade de pequeno porte. Participaram da pesquisa 144 estudantes do sexo feminino (nove a 20 anos) da cidade de São Bonifácio/SC. Foram obtidos dados referentes às variáveis idade, zona de domicílio, renda familiar mensal e tempo de TV durante a semana e no final de semana. Utilizou-se o BSQ e o EAT-26 para a avaliação da imagem corporal e do risco para transtornos alimentares. O percentual de gordura foi obtido por meio de medidas de dobras cutâneas. A avaliação da maturação sexual foi realizada por meio dos estágios de desenvolvimento de pelos pubianos e mamas e ocorrência da menarca. Aplicou-se a análise de regressão logística (p < 0.05). A prevalência de insatisfação com a imagem corporal foi de 26.4%. As adolescentes com risco de transtornos alimentares apresentaram 7,15 vezes mais chance (RC = 7.15; IC95% = 2.67-19.17; p = 0,0001) de estarem insatisfeitas. Destaca-se a importância do planejamento e implementação de estratégias nas escolas que visem promover uma maior satisfação corporal na adolescência feminina a fim de prevenir transtornos alimentares nesta população.
description: Motricidade, Vol 11 No 2 (2015)
Chronophotography as an archive The dialogue between the physiologist and the artist in Le Mouvement by Étienne-Jules Marey (1894)
Creators: name: Bertelli, Linda
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2021
Subjects: photography
physiology
art
motion

description: The paper focuses on the in-depth analysis and historical contextualization of a chapter from Etienne-Jules Marey’s Le Mouvement (1894). The part of the book under scrutiny is devoted to the potential function of chronophotography – a photographic method born and developed for scientifically representing motion – as an aid for figurative artists.
Elucidating Pathfinding Elements from the Kubi Gold Mine in Ghana
Creators: name: Nzulu, Gabriel K.
name: Bakhit, Babak
name: Högberg, Hans
name: Hultman, Lars
name: Magnuson, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) are applied to investigate the properties of fine-grained concentrate on artisanal small-scale gold mining samples from the Kubi Gold Project of the Asante Gold Corporation near Dunwka-on-Offin in the Central Region of Ghana. Both techniques show that the Au-containing residual sediments are dominated by the host elements Fe, Ag, Al, N, O, Si, Hg, and Ti that either form alloys with gold or inherent elements in the sediments. For comparison, a bulk nugget sample mainly consisting of Au forms an electrum i.e., a solid solution with Ag. Untreated (impure) sediments, fine-grained Au concentrate, coarse-grained Au concentrate, and processed ore (Au bulk/nugget) samples were found to contain cluster of O, C, N, and Ag with Au concentrations significantly lower than that of the related elements. This finding can be attributed to primary geochemical dispersion, which evolved from crystallization of magma and hydrothermal liquids as well as migration of metasomatic elements and rapid rate of chemical weathering of lateralization in secondary processes. The results indicate that Si and Ag are strongly concomitants with Au because of their eutectic characteristics N, C, and O follow alongside because of their affinity to Si. These non-noble elements thus act as pathfinders of Au ores in the exploration area. The paper further discusses relationships between gold and sediments of auriferous lodes as key to determine indicator minerals of gold in mining sites
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables
Chiral Symmetry breaking in Three Dimensional QED
Creators: name: Strouthos, Costas
name: Kogut, John B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past few years three dimensional Quantum Electrodynamics (QED$_3$) has attracted a lot of attention, because it may be an effective theory for the underdoped and non-superconducting region of the phase diagram of high $T_c$ cuprate compounds. We present results from lattice simulations of the non-compact version of the theory in order to address the issue of whether chiral symmetry is spontaneously broken when the number of fermion flavours $N_f$ is less than a critical value $N_{fc}$. Our results provide strong evidence that QED$_3$ is chirally symmetric for $N_f \geq 1.5$, implying that a pseudogap phase separates the superconducting phase from the antiferromagnetic phase.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, presented at the 25th international conference on Low Temperature Physics, 6-13 August 2008, Amsterdam
Enhance your smartphone with a Bluetooth Arduino nano board
Creators: name: Bouquet, F.
name: Creutzer, G.
name: Dorsel, D.
name: Vince, J.
name: Bobroff, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using smartphones in experimental physics teachings offers many advantages in term of engagement, pedagogy and flexibility. But it presents the drawbacks of possibly endangering the device and also facing the heterogeneity of available sensors on different smartphones. We present a low-cost alternative that preserves the advantages of smartphones: using a microcontroller equipped with a large variety of sensors that transmits data to a smartphone using Bluetooth Low-Energy protocol. This device can be lent to students with little risks and used to perform a wide range of experiments. It opens the way to new types of physics teachings.
Fourier resolved spectroscopy of 4U 1728-34: New Insights into Spectral and Temporal Properties of Low-Mass X-ray Binaries
Creators: name: Shrader, C. R.
name: Reig, P.
name: Kazanas, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using archival RXTE data we derive the 2-16 keV Fourier-resolved spectra of the Atoll source 4U 1728-34 in a sequence of its timing states as its low QPO frequency spans the range between 6 and 94 Hz. The increase in the QPO frequency accompanies a spectral transition of the source from its island to its banana states. The banana-states' Fourier-resolved spectra are well fitted by a single blackbody component with $kT \sim 2-3$ keV depending on the source position in the color -- color diagram and the Fourier frequency, thus indicating that this spectral component is responsible for the source variability on these timescales. This result is in approximate agreement with similar behavior exhibited by the Z sources, suggesting that, as in that case, the boundary layer -- the likely source of the thermal component -- is supported by radiation pressure. Furthermore, it is found that the iron line at $\sim$6.6 keV, clearly present in the averaged spectra, not apparent within the limitations of our measurements in the frequency-resolved spectra irrespective of the frequency range. This would indicate that this spectral component exhibits little variability on time scales comprising the interval $10^{-2}-10^2$ seconds. In the island state the single blackbody model proved inadequate, particularly notable in our lowest frequency band ($0.008-0.8$ Hz). An absorbed powerlaw or an additive blackbody plus hard powerlaw model was required to obtain a satisfactory fit. Statistics do not allow unambiguous discrimination between these possible scenarios.
description: 16 pages, 5 tables, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Brief Introduction of Guidelines of Urban Street Design
Creators: name: ZHANG Chenjun
name: ZHANG Chenjun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Traffic coordination, Building interface, Green development concept, Suitable for business and living

description: Street is the most basic public goods in a city, public activity place where the relationship among urban residents is the closest, and important space carrier of urban history and culture. Many elements, such as urban roads, ancillary facilities and buildings along the line, constitute a complete street space. Active pedestrians, moving vehicles and space constitute the street life with different characteristics. In modern urban life, street is given multiple roles increasingly.
An analysis of the relationship between injury severity and hospital inpatient costs
Creators: name: Butt, Thomas Stephen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A sample of motor vehicle accident victims hospitalized at Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, was chosen to analyze the relationship between hospital costs and the severity of the patient's injury or illness. Severity was measured using two scales, specifically, the Injury Severity Scale and the Abbreviated Injury Scale. Hospital costs were also measured, using two different methodologies. The first was the Per Diem costs that were derived by dividing all related annual costs by the number of patient separation days in 1975. A Per Diem episodic cost was determined by multiplying length of stay by the daily average cost. The second approach used a step-down technique that distributed all non-patient care related hospital services across direct patient care departments, cost centres or programs. Unit costs were then developed for each cost centre, depending upon their annual workload. The 1975 medical record for each patient in the sample was analyzed to determine the number of work units used in each cost centre during the patient's hospital stay. A Step-Down episodic cost was determined by totalling all costs from each cost centre that provided services to the patient. A paired t-Test did not show a significant difference between the Per Diem and Step-Down episodic costs. It was assumed that the range of severity of the patient in the sample weakened this t-Test, severity measured by I.S.S. was grouped in low, medium, and high categories, or when severity was measured by A.I.S., the paired t-Test did show that there was a significant difference in the two costing methodologies. The regression analysis identified a significant relationship between both episodic costs and severity. The strongest relationship occurred when severity was measured by I.S.S. and costs were determined, using the Step-Down methodology (R² = 0.26, F = 35.45). When other related independent variables (i.e., death as outcome and operation not performed) and all interaction terms were introduced, the regression co-efficient increased to R² = 0.45 and the F value increased to F = 24.9. Recommendations were made to include a severity rating on all hospitalized patients' records to assist in patient classification. A final outcome of this study was identifying the value of a Step-Down approach to determining hospital costs and identifying the limitations of the Per Diem methodology of hospital accounting.
Stochastic foundations of $g$-subdiffusion process
Creators: name: Kosztołowicz, Tadeusz
name: Dutkiewicz, Aldona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, in the paper: T. Kosztołowicz and A. Dutkiewicz, Phys. Rev. E \textbf{104}, 014118 (2021) the $g$--subdiffusion equation with fractional Caputo time derivative with respect to another function $g$ has been considered. This equation offers new possibilities for modelling diffusion such as a process in which a type of diffusion evolves continuously over time. However, the equation has not been derived from a stochastic model and the stochastic interpretation of $g$--subdiffusion has been unknown. In this paper we show stochastic foundations of this process. We derive the equation by means of a modified Continuous Time Random Walk model. Interpretation of the $g$--subdiffusion process is also discussed.
description: 4 pages
Dual Fields of Massive/Massless Gravitons in IR/UV Completions
Creators: name: Danehkar, Ashkbiz
name: Alshal, Hassan
name: Curtright, Thomas L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the holographic picture, the Brout-Englert-Higgs (BEH) mechanism in d-dimensional Yang-Mills theories is conjectured to provide a Higgs-like mechanism for gravity in d+1 dimensions, resulting in massive (or massless) gravitons in IR (or UV) completions. Accordingly, one could imagine dual (magnetic-type) fields of massive gravitons in the IR (low-energy) limit that are coupled to the curl of their own energy-momentum, as well as to the rotation of matter fields on large scales. This hypothesis, which might solve cosmological issues currently ascribed to dark matter and dark energy, needs to be examined by the future Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission using observations of gravitational waves emitted from extragalactic sources.
description: 6 pages. This essay received an Honorable Mention in the 2021 Essay Competition of the Gravity Research Foundation
Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) schweitzeri Conde 1947
Creators: name: Sendra, Alberto
name: Antić, Dragan
name: Barranco, Pablo
name: Borko, Špela
name: Christian, Erhard
name: Delić, Teo
name: Fadrique, Floren
name: Faille, Arnaud
name: Galli, Loris
name: Gasparo, Fulvio
name: Georgiev, Dilian
name: Giachino, Pier Mauro
name: Kovac, L'ubomír
name: Lukić, Marko
name: Marcia, Paolo
name: Miculinić, Kazimir
name: Nicolosi, Giuseppe
name: Palero, Ferran
name: Paragamian, Kaloust
name: Pérez, Toni
name: Polak, Slavko
name: Prieto, Carlos E.
name: Turbanov, Ilya
name: Vailati, Dante
name: Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Entognatha
Diplura
Campodeidae
Plusiocampa
Plusiocampa schweitzeri

description: Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) aff. schweitzeri Condé, 1947
Differential diagnosis against the type form
The five studied specimens from Karakaya Cave in Turkey (see Table S 2 in Supplementary Material) share the same macrosetal distribution found in the specimens from Bosnia and Herzegovina, with the exception of 7+7 post macrosetae on urotergite VIII and 9+9 post macrosetae on abdominal segment IX. Furthermore, two other important features separate these two forms, i.e., the shape of the claws (subequal claws and posterior claw with no backward overhang in the form from Karakaya Cave) and features of the frontal process (simple frontal process without tubercular setae in specimens from Karakaya Cave). However, more material is needed to describe these specimens with different features from Karakaya Cave, Mihalliçik as a new species.
Habitat and distribution
Subterranean species found in five caves of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Dinaric Mountains. The aff. form was found in a cave in the northeast of the Anatolian Peninsula.
description: Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Kovac, L'ubomír, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 82, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823
Formation of Fano resonance in double quantum dot system
Creators: name: Michałek, Grzegorz
name: Bułka, Bogdan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transient electron dynamics and the Fano resonance formation over time in transport through a two quantum dot system in a T-shape geometry (2QD-T) are analysed for free electrons. Time evolution of the transport characteristics are different for a weak and a strong inter-dot coupling with respect to the dot-electrode coupling. When the dot-dot coupling is weak, we find that transport dynamics is governed by two channel tunneling processes with two different relaxation times and buildup of the Fano resonance is developed much slower, with the longer relaxation time. In the opposite limit, the transmission evolves with a single relaxation time, from the single peak resonance structure into the structure with two asymmetric peaks. One observes large dot-electrode charge oscillations, which can temporarily change direction of transient currents. We find also that the time evolution of entanglement is different in both coupling regimes; in particular rapid Rabi oscillations caused by coherent electron transfer between the 2QD states can be seen for the strong dot-dot coupling.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, presented at The European Conference Physics of Magnetism 2021
Ab initio molecular dynamics calculations of threshold displacement energies in silicon carbide
Creators: name: Lucas, Guillaume
name: Pizzagalli, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first principles molecular dynamics simulations, we have determined the threshold displacement energies and the associated created defects in cubic silicon carbide. Contrary to previous studies using classical molecular dynamics, we found values close to the experimental consensus, and also created defects in good agreement with recent works on interstitials stability in silicon carbide. We carefully investigated the limits of this approach. Our work shows that it is possible to calculate displacement energies with first principles accuracy in silicon carbide, and suggests that it may be also the case for other covalent materials.
A buyer's guide to the Hubble Constant
Creators: name: Shah, Paul
name: Lemos, Pablo
name: Lahav, Ofer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the expansion of the universe was first established by Edwin Hubble and Georges Lemaitre about a century ago, the Hubble constant H0 which measures its rate has been of great interest to astronomers. Besides being interesting in its own right, few properties of the universe can be deduced without it. In the last decade a significant gap has emerged between different methods of measuring it, some anchored in the nearby universe, others at cosmological distances. The SH0ES team has found $H_0 = 73.2 \pm 1.3$ km sec$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$ locally, whereas the value found for the early universe by the Planck Collaboration is $H_0 = 67.4 \pm 0.5$ km sec$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$ from measurements of the cosmic microwave background. Is this gap a sign that the well-established $Λ$CDM cosmological model is somehow incomplete? Or are there unknown systematics? And more practically, how should humble astronomers pick between competing claims if they need to assume a value for a certain purpose? In this article, we review results and what changes to the cosmological model could be needed to accommodate them all. For astronomers in a hurry, we provide a buyer's guide to the results, and make recommendations.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review (72 pages, 18 figures)
Nature of the enigmatic pseudogap state: novel magnetic order in superconducting HgBa2CuO4+d
Creators: name: Li, Yuan
name: Balédent, Victor
name: Barisic, Neven
name: Cho, Yongchan
name: Fauqué, Benoit
name: Sidis, Yvan
name: Yu, Guichuan
name: Zhao, Xudong
name: Bourges, Philippe
name: Greven, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the enigmatic pseudogap region of the phase diagram is the most important and intriguing unsolved puzzle in the field of high transition-temperature (Tc) superconductivity. This region, the temperature range above Tc and below a characteristic temperature T*, is characterized by highly anomalous magnetic, charge transport, thermodynamic and optical properties. Associated with the pseudogap puzzle are open questions pertaining to the number of distinct phases and the presence of a quantum-critical point underneath the superconducting dome. Here we use polarized neutron diffraction to demonstrate for the model superconductor HgBa2CuO4+d (Hg1201) that T* marks the onset of an unusual magnetic order, and hence a novel state of matter with broken time-reversal symmetry. Together with prior results for YBa2Cu3O6+d (YBCO), this observation constitutes an essential and decisive demonstration of the universal existence of such a state. The new findings appear to rule out a large class of theories that regard T* as a crossover temperature rather than a phase transition temperature. Instead, they are consistent with a variant of previously proposed charge-current-loop order that involves apical oxygen orbitals, and with the notion that many of the unusual properties arise from the presence of a quantum-critical point.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Thermodynamics of the Spin Luttinger-Liquid in a Model Ladder Material
Creators: name: Rüegg, Ch.
name: Kiefer, K.
name: Thielemann, B.
name: McMorrow, D. F.
name: Zapf, V.
name: Normand, B.
name: Zvonarev, M. B.
name: Bouillot, P.
name: Kollath, C.
name: Giamarchi, T.
name: Capponi, S.
name: Poilblanc, D.
name: Biner, D.
name: Krämer, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase diagram in temperature and magnetic field of the metal-organic, two-leg, spin-ladder compound (C5H12N)2CuBr4 is studied by measurements of the specific heat and the magnetocaloric effect. We demonstrate the presence of an extended spin Luttinger-liquid phase between two field-induced quantum critical points and over a broad range of temperature. Based on an ideal spin-ladder Hamiltonian, comprehensive numerical modelling of the ladder specific heat yields excellent quantitative agreement with the experimental data across the complete phase diagram.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, updated refs and minor changes to the text, version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Symmetry energy of nuclear matter with liquid-gas phase transition and cluster formation
Creators: name: Typel, S.
name: Wolter, H. H.
name: Röpke, G.
name: Blaschke, D.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
Contribution of different body segments in Sit and Reach Test
Creators: name: Perin, Andrea
name: Ulbricht, Leandra
name: Neves, Eduardo Borba
Publisher: name: Motricidade
Year: 2015

description: This research aims to determine the contributions of the hip joint, lumbar and thoracic spine in the execution of Sit and Reach (SR) in young Brazilians. Subjects were 195 boys from 18 to 19 years., Sit and Reach  was evaluated with angular kinematic analysis through of Photogrammetry to identify the contribution of body segments in trunk flexion.  A protocol was developed for evaluating reference angles that were transformed into percentage contribution of the segments. Based on the results, it was possible to create a table of classification of angles and percentages, which allowed the identification of compensation movement. It was possible to conclude that the contributions of the thoracic spine, lumbar spine and hip in performing the SR are 46.01±7.32%, 12.68±5.12% and 41.31±7.19% respectively. It is recommended that evaluations of flexion of the hip joint, thoracic and lumbar spine are performed separately by photogrammetry.
description: Motricidade, Vol 11 No 2 (2015)
Counting finite linearly ordered involutive bisemilattices
Creators: name: Bonzio, Stefano
name: Baldi, Michele Pra
name: Valota, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The class of involutive bisemilattices plays the role of the algebraic counterpart of paraconsistent weak Kleene logic. Involutive bisemilattices can be represented as Plonka sums of Boolean algebras, that is semilattice direct systems of Boolean algebras. In this paper we exploit the Plonka sum representation with the aim of counting, up to isomorphism, finite involutive bisemilattices whose direct system is given by totally ordered semilattices.
The gravity dual of a p-wave superconductor
Creators: name: Gubser, Steven S.
name: Pufu, Silviu S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct black hole solutions to the Yang-Mills equations in an AdS_4-Schwarzschild background which exhibit superconductivity. What makes these backgrounds p-wave superconductors is that the order parameter is a vector, and the conductivities are strongly anisotropic in a manner that is suggestive of a gap with nodes. The low-lying excitations of the normal state have a relaxation time which grows rapidly as the temperature decreases, consistent with the absence of impurity scattering. A numerical exploration of quasinormal modes close to the transition temperature suggests that p-wave backgrounds are stable against perturbations analogous to turning on a p+ip gap, whereas p+ip-wave configurations are unstable against turning into pure p-wave backgrounds.
description: 39 pages, 7 figures. v2: added discussion of conductivity matrix and made minor changes
Synthesis of quercetin derivatives as cytotoxic against breast cancer MCF-7 cell line in vitro and in silico studies
Creators: name: Khan, Muhammad Rizwan
name: Khan, Mohsin Abbas
name: Ahmad, Irshad
name: Ahmed, Javed
name: Ahmed, Hammad
name: Mubeen, Iqra
name: Awan, Breena
name: Ullah, Farhat
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Background: Quercetin being antioxidant and antiproliferative agent acts by inhibiting CDK2, with an increase in cancer prevalence there is a need to profile quercetin derivatives as CDK2 inhibitors. Materials & method: Schiff bases of quercetin were synthesized as cytotoxic agents against the MCF7 cell line. FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR, CHNS/O analysis were employed along with in vivo and in silico activities. Results & conclusion: 2q, 4q, 8q and 9q derivatives have maximum cytotoxic effect with IC50 values 39.7 ± 0.7, 36.65 ± 0.25, 35.49 ± 0.21 and 36.99 ± 0.45, respectively. Molecular docking also confirmed these results 8q has the highest binding potential of -9.165 KJ/mole making it a potent inhibitor of CDK2. These derivatives can be used as lead compounds as potent CDK2 inhibitors. Quercetin derived Schiff bases were synthesized having better cytotoxic profile against breast cancer cell line. Spectral analysis confirms the new synthesized compounds. The new derivatives were evaluated CDK-2 inhibitors as potential cytotoxic agent against MCF-7 cell line, 2q, 4q, 8q and 9q derivatives have maximum cytotoxic effect with IC50 values 39.7 ± 0.7, 36.65 ± 0.25, 35.49 ± 0.21 and 36.99 ± 0.45 respectively. Molecular docking also confirmed these results 8q has the highest binding potential of -9.165 KJ/mole making it a potent inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 2. These derivatives can be used as lead compounds as potent cyclin-dependent kinase 2 inhibitors.
Connecting String/M Theory to the Electroweak Scale and to LHC Data
Creators: name: Kumar, Piyush
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Standard Model of particle physics explains (almost) all observed non-gravitational microscopic phenomena but has many open theoretical questions. We are on the threshold of unraveling the mysteries of the Standard Model and discovering its extension. This could be achieved in the near future with the help of many experiments in particle physics and cosmology, the LHC in particular. Assuming that data confirming the existence of new physics beyond the Standard Model is obtained, one is left with the very important and challenging task of solving the "Inverse Problem", \emph{viz.} "How can one deduce the nature of the underlying (perhaps microscopic) theory from data?" This thesis explores this question in detail, and also proposes an approach to address the problem in a meaningful way which could prove crucial to the possible solution to this problem in the future. The proposed approach has three aspects - a) To systematically study classes of microscopic (string/$M$ theory) constructions to the extent that they could be connected to low energy physics (electroweak scale), b) To find patterns of experimental observables which are sensitive to the properties of the underlying theoretical constructions thereby allowing us to distinguish among different constructions, and c) To try to get insights about the qualitative features of the theoretical model from data in a bottom-up approach which complements the top-down approach and strengthens it as well. This thesis studies all the above aspects in detail. The methods used and results obtained in this thesis will hopefully be of great importance in solving the Inverse Problem.
description: PhD Thesis, 320 pages, 63 figures References Added
Low-Frequency Excitation of Singlet-Triplet Transitions. Application to Nuclear Hyperpolarization
Creators: name: Dagys, Laurynas
name: Bengs, Christian
name: Levitt, Malcolm H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coupled pairs of nuclear spins-1/2 support one singlet state and three triplet states. Transitions between the singlet state and one of the triplet states may be driven by an oscillating low-frequency magnetic field, in the presence of couplings to a third nuclear spin, and a weak bias magnetic field.This phenomenon allows the generation of strong nuclear hyperpolarization of ${}^{13}\mathrm{C}$ nuclei, starting from the nuclear singlet polarization of a ${}^{1}\mathrm{H}$ spin pair, associated with the enriched para spin isomer of hydrogen gas. Hyperpolarization is demonstrated for two molecular system.
Drugs: The portuguese fallacy and the absurd medicalization of Europe
Creators: name: Coelho, Manuel Pinto
Publisher: name: Motricidade
Year: 2015

description: Drug decriminalization in Portugal is a failure, despite several published articles claiming exactly the opposite. This paper will show that there is an illogical campaign supporting the Portuguese drug policy and an unacceptable manipulation of factual information. A book written by Glenn Greenwald, a lawyer fluent in Portuguese, suggests the opposite of what the research data demonstrates. He claims that Portugal is a success.  Mr. Greenwald is a member of the Cato Institute, an American libertarian think-tank that has been advocating for drug legalization for many years. This complex issue has been broadcast worldwide by the press, both Portuguese and international, boosting the proliferation of the ‘good news’ about the Portuguese drug policy and distorting the real analysis of what is going on in this country. This is happening to an extent that Anand Grover, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Right of Everyone to the Highest Attainable Standard of Physical and Mental Health, working in the area of drug dependence did invite the world to ‘reflect about human rights in drug use’ and ‘place health at the core of drug policy’. In their report, he highlighted two core issues, ‘health’ and ‘human rights.’ Could this be used to  justify the approach of legalization of drugs, at any price? Have they laid down their arms and are dangerously opening the way to the medicalization of drug dependency? Surprisingly, the two recent 2010 and 2011 EMCDDA (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction Reports), which emphasized the use of substitution drugs as a main tool to tackle opioid dependence, show clearly that Europe looks eager to follow this path.
Is this the right path?
description: Motricidade, Vol 11 No 2 (2015)
Agricultural land use alternatives in regional planning : a case study of West Pasaman area development planning West Sumatra, Indonesia
Creators: name: Pandjaitan, Sarda Vincentius
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis investigates the problems involved in determining the appropriate use of agricultural land in its relation to regional planning. For the purpose of this investigation, the West Pasaman Development Plan has been chosen as a case study. The Development Plan for West Pasaman was drawn up by the Institute for Development Research--IDR, a consulting firm from West Germany, in 1975. The study team proposed five crucial projects to be developed within a ten year period (1975-1985). Two of these five projects, i.e., a new main road and an oil palm smallholder scheme were given priority. The priority for the oil palm smallholder project was based upon conventional economic criteria. Two important aspects were ignored. First, the physical characteristics of the site, including water resources, were not assessed, and secondly the needs of the existing population were not considered. In this thesis, three factors, the physical characteristics of the site, the social aspects of the population and economic feasibility were chosen as the criteria to determine the appropriate use of the agricultural land. The area of investigation is made up of two parts. The first part of 13,000 hectares is government land which, at present, is underutilized. The second part, consisting of 11,000 hectares, is private and communal land run by smallholders. The study team's report failed to account for the existing land use of this 11,000 hectares and therefore it is on this area, of land that the investigation has concentrated. It is found that the land being studied is physically suitable for rice cultivation. Oil palm cultivation does not appeal to the farmers in the study area because they are unwilling to move into new cultivation practices as they feel safer growing rice and other crops with which they are familiar. It seems an irrigation project is the most desirable government project for the study area. This would appear to confirm Indonesian national goals, which emphasize self-sufficiency in food production. If the available water resources of the study area (the Batang Tongar River) could be fully utilized, it is found by using economic data on returns per hectare per year, that double cropping rice with new high yielding varieties would yield a higher return to the farmers than oil palm. Thus, it is concluded that wet rice agriculture (double cropping) would be a more effective use of the 11,000 hectare area than oil palm. The thesis emphasizes that the physical characteristics of the site and the social aspects must be considered in determining the appropriate use of agricultural land in addition to the economic criteria. The thesis concludes with the discussion of the methodological limitations of the study and makes a plea for regional planners to utilize some of the new ideas of "development from below" and integrated regional development
title: Απορρύπανση εδάφους από πετρελαϊκούς υδρογονάνθρακες με χρήση μικροκυμάτων
title: Remediation of hydrocarbon polluted soils using microwave heating
Creators: name: Κουτσουρου Κωνσταντινα
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2021

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία, είχε στόχο την εύρεση ιδανικών συνθηκών για την εξυγίανση εδαφών ρυπασμένων με πετρελαιοειδή  χρησιμοποιώντας την τεχνολογία των μικροκυμάτων. Αρχικά, έγινε χαρακτηρισμός του δείγματος ως προς τα ποιοτικά χαρακτηριστικά του εδάφους καθώς και την συγκέντρωση των μετάλλων που υπάρχουν σε αυτό. Στη συνέχεια, εφαρμόστηκε η μέθοδος θερμικής εκρόφησης με χρήση τροποποιημένου οικιακού φούρνου μικροκυμάτων. Οι παράμετροι που εξετάστηκαν ήταν η εφαρμοζόμενη ισχύς μικροκυμάτων, 595 και 700W , ο χρόνος εκρόφησης από 5 έως 15 min, η κοκκομετρία εδάφους (λεπτόκοκκο, χοντρόκοκκο και ολικό δείγμα), η χρήση ρύπου (δεκαεξάνιο και diesel) με σκοπό την εύρεση των καταλληλότερων συνθηκών ώστε να επιτευχθεί η μεγαλύτερη απομάκρυνση πετρελαιοειδών. Τέλος, έγινε σύγκριση με προηγούμενες εργασίες που χρησιμοποίησαν έδαφος διαφορετικής σύστασης και αξιολογήθηκε η
«σύσταση εδάφους» στην απόδοση της διεργασίας θέρμανσης με μικροκύματα.
description: This diploma thesis was focused on finding ideal conditions for the remediation of soils contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbon using microwaves. Initially, the soil sample was characterized by  approximate analysis as well by the concentration of metals present in it. Then, the thermal desorpion method was applied using a modified household microwave oven, at adjustable power of 595 and 700W, at selected adsorption time (from 5 to 15 min), different soil granulometry (thin, coarse, mixture), different use of hydrocarbons (Hexadecane and diesel) aiming to find the most suitable conditions in order to achieve the greatest pollutant removal.
A note on the quantum-mechanical Ricci flow
Creators: name: Isidro, J. M.
name: Santander, J. L. G.
name: de Cordoba, P. Fernandez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain Schroedinger quantum mechanics from Perelman's functional and from the Ricci flow equations of a conformally flat Riemannian metric on a closed 2-dimensional configuration space. We explore links with the recently discussed "emergent quantum mechanics".
description: 8 pages, minor corrections, discussion expanded