cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Commensurate and Incommensurate States of Topological Quantum Matter
Creators: name: Milsted, Ashley
name: Cobanera, Emilio
name: Burrello, Michele
name: Ortiz, Gerardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove numerically and by dualities the existence of modulated, commensurate and incommensurate states of topological quantum matter in simple systems of parafermions, motivated by recent proposals for the realization of such systems in mesoscopic arrays. In two space dimensions, we obtain the simplest representative of a topological universality class that we call Lifshitz. It is characterized by a topological tricritical point where a non-locally ordered homogeneous phase meets a disordered phase and a third phase that displays modulations of a non-local order parameter.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
title: Development of a tungsten-covered case for CT half-value layer measurements in semiconductor dosimeters
Creators: name: Akaishi, Hirokazu
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biological effects
subject: Radiation effects
subject: Physics
subject: Equipment
subject: CT
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The half-value layer (HVL) measurement is very important in the beam quality assessment of diagnostic X-rays. However, it is difficult to implement HVL measurement in computed tomography (CT) because the measurement must be performed in a...
Conditions of implementation for frugality in engineering and innovation processes
Creators: name: Barnikol, Julian Christoph David
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sustainability
subject: Advanced Frugal Innovation
subject: Frugal Design Principles
subject: Innovation Systems
subject: Multi-Level Perspective
subject: Green Technologies
subject: Affordable Products
subject: Competitiveness
subject: Transition
subject: Nachhaltigkeit
subject: Frugale Design Prinzipien
subject: Innovationssysteme
subject: Grüne Technologien
subject: Erschwingliche Produkte
subject: Wettbewerbsfähigkeit
subject: enthält Forschungsdaten
subject: contains research data
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::900 | Geschichte und Geografie::910 | Geografie, Reisen

description: How most countries around the world do business has a significant impact on the environment. For too long, the negative external effects of production and consumption have been neglected. A rethinking towards the reconciliation of economy and ecology is necessary in order to ensure environment-friendly protection of prosperity. However, in comparison, green products are often expensive, and inexpensive products are often associated with higher environmental damage. The early inclusion of low-income households is an opportunity to replace consumption of environmentally harmful products faster and to accelerate the change to a greener economy. Frugality in product development and innovation processes is able to combine green product characteristics with low costs. In this dissertation, the implementation conditions of the emergence of advanced frugal product characteristics in innovation processes are investigated, which are then called Advanced Frugal Innovation. While a stronger focus is put on the product development process in the scientific literature, also systemic and social conditions are brought to the fore in this dissertation. Both technological capabilities and conducive systemic and societal conditions are essential prerequisites for the emergence of Advanced Frugal Innovation. The empirical findings indicate that societal framework conditions do not currently facilitate the development of Advanced Frugal Innovation in Germany. Due to a lack of usable prior research, the findings of this dissertation are based on an exploratory research approach. In addition to using relevant academic literature and deducing from existing theories and concepts, qualitative and quantitative data are examined. For this purpose, the focus is on a survey of companies in the manufacturing sector in Hesse and Lower Saxony. The results of this dissertation offer first empirical findings, insights into the development of Advanced Frugal Innovation and provide an impulse for further research.
Impact of COVID-19 protocols on IEQ and students’ perception within educational buildings in Southern Spain
Creators: name: Aguilar, Antonio J.
name: de la Hoz-Torres, María L.
name: Oltra-Nieto, Lamberto
name: Ruiz, Diego P.
name: Martínez-Aires, M. Dolores
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the fact that air quality is essential in buildings. In the case of educational buildings, teaching activities were moved to an online format during the 2020/2021 academic year, with only activities such as exams remaining face-to-face. This strategy required the development of protocols to ensure that classrooms were safe spaces. This study assesses the impact of these protocols in the indoor environmental conditions of educational buildings in Southern Spain. For this purpose, a measurement campaign was carried out at the Fuentenueva Campus of the University of Granada. The results show that the protocols have guaranteed effective ventilation. However, other indoor environmental variables have also been affected, including the satisfaction of users during exams due to temperature, relative humidity (RH) and noise. The highest levels of satisfaction were related to indoor lighting, while the highest levels of dissatisfaction were related to the indoor thermal environment. Among the main causes of dissatisfaction were draughts and outdoor noise, directly related to natural ventilation protocols during the pandemic. Based on these findings, current pandemic protocols should be revised and redesigned to minimize the impact on student satisfaction and perceived learning performance from the identified environmental sources in this research.
title: Investigation of surface dose and center dose in low tube voltage computed tomography assuming highly radiosensitive organs
Creators: name: TOMITA, HIRONOBU
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Radiographers
subject: CT
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: In recent years, low tube voltage CT imaging has been widely used as a contrast agent reduction method in clinical practice. The method also improves the performance of the X-ray tube; depending on the apparatus, it is possible to generate a current...
Black Hole Spin Evolution Affected by Magnetic Field Decay
Creators: name: Chashkina, Anna
name: Abolmasov, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black holes are spun up by accreting matter and possibly spun-down by magnetic fields. In our work we consider the effect on black hole rotation of the two electromagnetic processes, Blandford-Znajek and Direct Magnetic Link, that differ in their magnetic field configuration. The efficiency of these processes varies with mass accretion rate and accretion regime and generally result in an equilibrium spin parameter in the range from 0.35 to ~0.98. Magnetic field loses its energy while being accreted that may lead to an increase in equilibrium Kerr parameter for the case of advection-dominated disc. We find magnetic field decay decay can decrease electromagnetic term significantly thus increasing the Kerr parameter. We have performed Monte-Carlo simulations for a supermassive black hole population. Our simulations show broad distributions in Kerr parameter (0.1< a <0.98) with a peak at a~0.6. To explain the high observational Kerr parameter values of a>0.9, episodes of supercritical accretion are required. This implication does not however take into account black hole mergers (that play an important role for supermassive black hole evolution).
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, 1 table; accepted to MNRAS
Development of Quantitative Structure−Binding Affinity Relationship Models Based on Novel Geometrical Chemical Descriptors of the Protein−Ligand Interfaces
Creators: name: Tropsha, Alexander
name: Golbraikh, Alexander
name: Zhang, Shuxing
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Novel geometrical chemical descriptors have been derived based on the computational geometry of protein-ligand interfaces and Pauling atomic electronegativities (EN). Delaunay tessellation has been applied to a diverse set of 517 X-ray characterized protein-ligand complexes yielding a unique collection of interfacial nearest neighbor atomic quadruplets for each complex. Each quadruplet composition was characterized by a single descriptor calculated as the sum of the EN values for the four participating atom types. We termed these simple descriptors generated from atomic EN values and derived with the Delaunay Tessellation the ENTess descriptors and used them in the variable selection k-Nearest Neighbor quantitative structure-binding affinity relationship (QSBR) studies of 264 diverse protein-ligand complexes with known binding constants. 24 complexes with chemically dissimilar ligands were set aside as an independent validation set, and the remaining dataset of 240 complexes was divided into multiple training and test sets. The best models were characterized by the leave-one-out cross-validated correlation coefficient q2 as high as 0.66 for the training set and the correlation coefficient R2 as high as 0.83 for the test set. High predictive power of these models was confirmed independently by applying them to the validation set of 24 complexes yielding R2 as high as 0.85. We conclude that QSBR models built with the ENTess descriptors can be instrumental for predicting the binding affinity of receptor-ligand complexes.
title: Analysis of microvascular muscle perfusion in the thigh before and after the exercise using intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging
Creators: name: Nakashima, Kiyotaka
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Extremities
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) reflects microvascular perfusion at lowb-value and reflects diffusion of water molecules at high b-value, but cannot separate microvascular perfusion and diffusion of water molecules [1,2]. Intravoxel incoherent...
Enantiomer Discrimination Illustrated by the High Resolution Crystal Structures of Type 4 Phosphodiesterase †
Creators: name: Ke, Hengming
name: Huang, Zheng
name: Macdonald, Dwight
name: Aspiotis, Renée
name: Robinson, Howard
name: Wang, Huanchen
name: Huai, Qing
name: Sun, Yingjie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Type 4 phosphodiesterase (PDE4) inhibitors are emerging new treatment for a number of disorders including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Here we report the biochemical characterization on the second generation inhibitor (+)-1 (L-869298, IC50 = 0.4 nM) and its enantiomer (−)-1 (L-869299, IC50 = 43 nM), and their co-crystal structures with PDE4D at 2.0 Å resolution. In spite of the 107-fold affinity difference, both enantiomers interact with the same sets of residues in the rigid active site. The weaker (−)-1 adopts an unfavorable conformation in order to preserve the pivotal interactions between the Mg-bound waters and N-oxide of pyridine. These structures support a model in which inhibitors are anchored by the invariant glutamine at one end and the metal-pocket residues at another end. This model provides explanation for most of the observed structure-activity relationship and the metal ion dependency of the catechol-ether based inhibitors and should facilitate their further design.
title: Comparison of reference T1 mapping techniques
Creators: name: Nagib Raya, Fátima
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: MR physics
subject: MR
subject: Physics
subject: Quality assurance

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: T1 maps have demonstrated to be useful to diagnoseand to predict several cardiac diseases [1] andto detect hidden regions of tumors invisible totraditional weighted images [2]between other utilities. T1 maps are also required to estimate accurately...
Inhibition of Human Acetyl- and Butyrylcholinesterase by Novel Carbamates of (−)- and (+)-Tetrahydrofurobenzofuran and Methanobenzodioxepine
Creators: name: Greig, Nigel H.
name: Brossi, Arnold
name: Kulkarni, Santosh S.
name: Parrish, Damon A.
name: Holloway, Harold W.
name: Tweedie, David
name: Shafferman, Avigdor
name: Luo, Weiming
name: Yu, Qian-sheng
name: Lahiri, Debomoy K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: A new enantiomeric synthesis utilizing classical resolution provided two novel series of optically active inhibitors of cholinesterase: (−)- and (+)- O-carbamoyl phenols of tetrahydrofurobenzofuran and methanobenzodioxepine. An additional two series of (−)- and (+)-O-carbamoyl phenols of pyrroloindole and furoindole were obtained by known procedures, and their anticholinesterase actions were similarly quantified against freshly prepared human acetyl- (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Both enantiomeric forms of each series demonstrated potent cholinesterase inhibitory activity (with IC50 values as low as 10 nM for AChE and 3 nM for BChE), with the exception of the (+)-O-carbamoyl phenols of pyrroloindole that lacked activity (IC50 values > 1 µM). Based on the biological data of these four series, a SAR analysis was provided by molecular volume calculations. In addition, a probable transition state model was established according to the known X-ray structure of a transition state complex of Torpedo californica AChE-m-(N,N,N,trimethylammonio)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetophenone (TcAChE-TMTFA). This model proved valuable in explaining the enantio-selectivity and enzyme subtype selectivity of each series. These carbamates are more or similarly potent to anticholinesterases in current clinical use; providing not only inhibitors of potential clinical relevance but also pharmacological tools to define drug-enzyme binding interactions within an enzyme crucial in the maintenance of cognition and numerous systemic physiological functions in health, aging and disease.
Just enough inflation: power spectrum modifications at large scales
Creators: name: Cicoli, Michele
name: Downes, Sean
name: Dutta, Bhaskar
name: Pedro, Francisco G.
name: Westphal, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that models of `just enough' inflation, where the slow-roll evolution lasted only $50-60$ e-foldings, feature modifications of the CMB power spectrum at large angular scales. We perform a systematic and model-independent analysis of any possible non-slow-roll background evolution prior to the final stage of slow-roll inflation. We find a high degree of universality since most common backgrounds like fast-roll evolution, matter or radiation-dominance give rise to a power loss at large angular scales and a peak together with an oscillatory behaviour at scales around the value of the Hubble parameter at the beginning of slow-roll inflation. Depending on the value of the equation of state parameter, different pre-inflationary epochs lead instead to an enhancement of power at low-$\ell$, and so seem disfavoured by recent observational hints for a lack of CMB power at $\ell\lesssim 40$. We also comment on the importance of initial conditions and the possibility to have multiple pre-inflationary stages.
description: 31 pages, 13 figures
Eight-fold signal amplification of a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector using a multiple-avalanche architecture
Creators: name: Zhao, Qingyuan
name: McCaughan, Adam
name: Dane, Andrew
name: Najafi, Faraz
name: Bellei, Francesco
name: De Fazio, Domenico
name: Sunter, Kristen
name: Ivry, Yachin
name: Berggren, Karl K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting nanowire avalanche single-photon detectors (SNAPs) with n parallel nanowires are advantageous over single-nanowire detectors because their output signal amplitude scales linearly with n. However, the SNAP architecture has not been viably demonstrated for n > 4. To increase n for larger signal amplification, we designed a multi-stage, successive-avalanche architecture which used nanowires, connected via choke inductors in a binary-tree layout. We demonstrated an avalanche detector with n = 8 parallel nanowires and achieved eight-fold signal amplification, with a timing jitter of 54 ps.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
title: MR quality assurance test for quantitative procedures including ADC maps.
Creators: name: Nagib Raya, Fátima
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: MR physics
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Physics
subject: Quality assurance

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Quantification of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps can be helpfulto grade gliomas [1], to differentiate pseudoprogression of high-grade gliomas [2], to predictthe response to antiangiogenic drugs [3] and many otherssituations where...
Structure−Activity Relationships of Uridine 5‘-Diphosphate Analogues at the Human P2Y 6 Receptor
Creators: name: Mathé, Christophe
name: Ko, Hyojin
name: Harden, T. Kendall
name: Besada, Pedro
name: Gosselin, Gilles
name: Maddileti, Savitri
name: Costanzi, Stefano
name: Jacobson, Kenneth A.
name: Shin, Dae Hong
name: Gagneron, Julien
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: The structure activity relationships and molecular modeling of the uracil nucleotide-activated P2Y6 receptor have been studied. A series of UDP analogues bearing substitutions of the ribose moiety, the uracil ring, and the diphosphate group was synthesized and assayed for activity at the human P2Y6 receptor. The uracil ring was modified at the 4-position, with the synthesis of 4-substituted-thiouridine-5′-diphosphate analogues, as well as at positions 3 and 5. The effect of modifications at the level of the phosphate chain was studied by preparing a cyclic 3′,5′-diphosphate analogue, a 3′-diphosphate analogue and several dinucleotide diphosphates. 5-Iodo-UDP 32 (EC50 0.15 μM) was equipotent to UDP, while substitutions of the 2′-hydroxyl (amino, azido) greatly reduce potency. 2- and 4-Thio analogues, 20 and 21, respectively, were also relatively potent in comparison to UDP. However, most other modifications greatly reduced potency. Molecular modeling indicates that the β-phosphate of 5′-UDP and analogs is essential for the establishment of electrostatic interactions with two of the three conserved cationic residues of the receptor. Among 4-thioether derivatives, a 4-ethylthio analogue 23 displayed an EC50 of 0.28 μM, indicative of favorable interactions predicted for a small 4-alkylthio moiety with the aromatic ring of Y33 in TM1. The activity of analogue 19 in which the ribose was substituted with a 2-oxabicyclohexane ring in a rigid (S) conformation (P= 126°, 1′-exo) was consistent with molecular modeling. These results provide a better understanding of molecular recognition at the P2Y6 receptor and will be helpful in designing selective and potent P2Y6 receptor ligands
Monogamy of entanglement and improved mean-field ansatz for spin lattices
Creators: name: Osterloh, Andreas
name: Schützhold, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider rather general spin-$1/2$ lattices with large coordination numbers $Z$. Based on the monogamy of entanglement and other properties of the concurrence $C$, we derive rigorous bounds for the entanglement between neighboring spins, such as $C\leq 1/\sqrt{Z}$, which show that $C$ decreases for large $Z$. In addition, the concurrence $C$ measures the deviation from mean-field behavior and can only vanish if the mean-field ansatz yields an exact ground state of the Hamiltonian. Motivated by these findings, we propose an improved mean-field ansatz by adding entanglement.
description: 4 pages, revtex 4
The Distinct Impacts of Content Moderation
Creators: name: Khine, Sandi
name: Navaroli, A. Collier
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Content Moderation
subject: Social media
subject: Platforms

description: This project seeks to begin studying the intersections of race and content moderation that have yet to be investigated. While the literature about the field has revealed instances of hate speech to be some of the most impactful upon commercial content moderators, the specificity of the harm created upon those most impacted has yet to be interrogated. Thus, this research seeks to better understand the distinct impacts of regulating hate speech on Black people who are tasked with the jobs of content moderation and platform policy enforcement. 

The research highlights the daily experiences of individuals whose work in the shadows has helped ensure the protection and safety of those who interact with the Internet. Through in-depth interviews, the project aims to collect new qualitative data about the field of content moderation and trust and safety and its intersections with race. By centering the experiences of Black people with the free expression policies of social media platforms, this research will also illuminate vital gaps in the enforcement of hate speech policy at social media companies and offer a different path forward at a crucial time where the industry faces intense scrutiny and increased calls for an end to self-regulation.
Antitumor Agents 259. Design, Syntheses, and Structure−Activity Relationship Study of Desmosdumotin C Analogs
Creators: name: Peng, Chieh-Yu
name: Nakagawa-Goto, Kyoko
name: Wu, Jiu-Hong
name: Bastow, Kenneth F.
name: Chen, Tzu-Hsuan
name: Lee, Kuo-Hsiung
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Desmosdumotin C (1) and its analogs previously showed potent, selective in vitro anticancer activity. To explore structure-activity-relationships of 1 and further increase potency and selectivity, fifteen novel analogs (7–15 and 21–26) were synthesized, and evaluated for cytotoxity against several human tumor cell lines, as well as inhibition of human endothelial (HUVEC) replication. 4-Bromo-3′,3′,5′-tripropyl analog 26 showed significant cytotoxity against A549, A431, 1A9, and HCT-8 with ED50 values of 1.0, 1.2, 0.9, and 1.3 μg/mL respectively. Compound 26 also strongly inhibited the growth of matched tumor cells, KB-VIN and its parent cell KB. Furthermore, analogs 13 and 21 were over fivefold more potent against KB-VIN than KB. Bromination of ring-B and tripropyl functionalization of ring-A enhanced activity, while alkylation of ring-B promoted KB-VIN/KB selectivity. 2-Furyl analog 16 showed selective activity against HUVEC, suggesting that it may have potential as a new prototype for angiogenesis inhibition.
title: Influence of the number of fitting parameters on T1 maps
Creators: name: Nagib Raya, Fátima
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: MR physics
subject: MR
subject: Physics
subject: Quality assurance

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: T1 maps have demonstrated to be usefulto diagnose and to predict several cardiac diseases [1], to detecthidden regions of tumors invisible totraditional weighted images [2], and in many other situations. T1 maps are also required for accurate K...
Non-equilibrium diffusion characteristics of the particles system and its application
Creators: name: Dong, Jian-Qiang
name: Li, Chun-Guang
name: Wang, Peng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 29902 Complex Physical Systems
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we discuss a possible generalization of the social influences of the Langevin equation. Using a functional method of the Kramers–Moyal expansion coefficients, we prove a simple rule for the corresponding Fokker-Planck equation for a generalized one-dimensional system driven by associated Gaussian noise. We propose here a generalization of the nonequilibrium behavior of the probability density and probability currents induced by different combinations of parameters. In addition, it is interesting to find that the probability of current transport reversal can be obtained by varying the combination of parameters, but the amplitude of the negative and positive currents is controlled by adjusting the interaction coefficient and the intensity factor of the outfield, respectively.
title: ADC multi-Gaussian model of high grade gliomas
Creators: name: Nagib Raya, Fátima
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Oncology
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps can be helpfulto grade gliomas [1], to detect pseudoprogression of high-grade gliomas [2], or to predict the response to antiangiogenic drugs [3]. Response Assesment on Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria...
Stellar Activity Masquerading as Planets in the Habitable Zone of the M dwarf Gliese 581
Creators: name: Robertson, Paul
name: Mahadevan, Suvrath
name: Endl, Michael
name: Roy, Arpita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The M dwarf Gliese 581 is believed to host four planets, including one (GJ 581d) near the habitable zone that could possibly support liquid water on its surface if it is a rocky planet. The detection of another habitable-zone planet--GJ 581g--is disputed, as its significance depends on the eccentricity assumed for d. Analyzing stellar activity using the H-alpha line, we measure a stellar rotation period of 130+/-2 days and a correlation for H-alpha modulation with radial velocity. Correcting for activity greatly diminishes the signal of GJ 581d (to 1.5 sigma), while significantly boosting the signals of the other known super-Earth planets. GJ 581d does not exist, but is an artifact of stellar activity which, when incompletely corrected, causes the false detection of planet g.
description: This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of the AAAS for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Science Express (3 July 2014), doi:10.1126/science.1253253
The refractive index and electronic gap of water and ice increase with increasing pressure
Creators: name: Pan, Ding
name: Wan, Quan
name: Galli, Giulia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determining the electronic and dielectric properties of water at high pressure and temperature is an essential prerequisite to understand the physical and chemical properties of aqueous environments under supercritical conditions, e.g. in the Earth interior. However optical measurements of compressed ice and water remain challenging and it has been common practice to assume that their band gap is inversely correlated to the measured refractive index, consistent with observations reported for hundreds of materials. Here we report ab initio molecular dynamics and electronic structure calculations showing that both the refractive index and the electronic gap of water and ice increase with pressure, at least up to 30 GPa. Subtle electronic effects, related to the nature of interband transitions and band edge localization under pressure, are responsible for this apparently anomalous behavior.
description: Nat. Commun.5, 3919 (2014); 23 pages and 6 figures
title: Rzeczy publiczne w powszechnym używaniu
Creators: name: Horubski, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: E-Wydawnictwo. Prawnicza i Ekonomiczna Biblioteka Cyfrowa. Wydział Prawa, Administracji i Ekonomii Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego
Year: 2020

description: Z wypowiedzi prof. Tadeusza Bigi wyłania się koncepcja powszechnego używania rzeczy publicznych jako kategoria pojęciowa prawa administracyjnego. W tej koncepcji prof. Bigo uznał, że prawo do używania rzeczy publicznych (mienia powszechnego) jest przejawem wolności człowieka, będącym refleksem prawa przedmiotowego na sferę interesu jednostki. Z zakresu powszechnego używania rzeczy publicznych wykluczono używanie prawnie zastrzeżone dla pewnych kategorii osób, a także oparte na specjalnym pozwoleniu lub umowie. Odnośna koncepcja jest twórczo rozwijana w pracach przedstawicieli nauk administracyjnoprawnych ośrodka wrocławskiego.
Επέκταση των θεωρημάτων του Bonnet στην Σχετική Διαφορική Γεωμετρία
Creators: name: Τσιμπλής, Νικόλαος Θεοδώρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: Διαφορική Γεωμετρία
Differential Geometry

description: Σκοπός της παρούσης εργασίας ήταν η επέκταση των δύο γνωστών θεωρημάτων του Bonnet, που αφορούν παράλληλες επιφάνειες στον 3-διάστατο Ευκλείδειο χώρο, στην Σχετική Διαφορική Γεωμετρία του 3-διάστατου και του 4-διάστατου Ευκλειδείου χώρου. Αρχικά, παρουσιάζουμε τα δύο θεωρήματα του Bonnet. Έπειτα, ορίζουμε τις σχετικώς καθετοποιημένες υπερεπιφάνειες και τις σχετικώς παράλληλες υπερεπιφάνειες στον (n+1)-διάστατο Ευκλείδειο χώρο, και παρουσιάζουμε προτάσεις και ιδιότητές τους. Τέλος παρουσιάζουμε τα δύο γενικευμένα θεωρήματα του Bonnet στον 3-διάστατο Ευκλείδειο χώρο και τρία θεωρήματα τύπου Bonnet στον 4-διάστατο Ευκλείδειο χώρο.
description: The aim of the present thesis was the generalization of the two well-known Bonnet’s theorems, which concern the parallel surfaces in 3-dimentional Euclidian space, to Relative Differential Geometry of 3 and 4-dimentional Euclidian space. Firstly, we present the two Bonnet’s theorems. Then, we define the relatively normalized hypersurfaces and the relatively parallel hypersurfaces in the (n+1)-dimensional Euclidian space, and we present propositions and properties about them. In the end we present the two generalized Bonnet’s theorems in 3-dimentional Euclidian space and tree Bonnet’s-type theorems in 4-dimentional Euclidian space.
title: ADC limits for brain tumors classification
Creators: name: Nagib Raya, Fátima
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Oncology
subject: MR physics
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Staging
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Quantification of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps can be helpfulto grade gliomas [1], to differentiate pseudoprogression of high-grade gliomas [2], to predict the response to antiangiogenic drugs [3] and many other situations where...
title: Method to reduce patient front-side dose when using Dual Source CT
Creators: name: Yamazaki, Shouichi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Radiation safety
subject: CT
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: X-CARE of SOMATOM Definition Flash, developed by Siemens, reduces radiation exposure at the patient's front side. ［1-4］ However, its maximum pitch is 0.6, then its scan speed is slow and be inadequate to scan restless children. Therefore, it...
Researching the impact of extreme weather events on an On-Demand Transport service - A case study
Creators: name: Meinhardt, Simon
name: Paltra, Sydney
name: Schlenther, Tilmann
name: Nagel, Kai
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr::380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr
subject: demand-responsive transport
subject: autonomous vehicles
subject: multiple linear regression
subject: weather impact
subject: agent-based transport simulation

description: This paper is an extended abstract.
title: Method to reduce radiation exposure to patient’s eye lens caused by scattered radiation from a collimation cover of an X-ray tube
Creators: name: Yamazaki, Shouichi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: With the publication of ICRP Pub.118 (2012), the threshold dose of cataract was reduced from 8Gy to 0.5Gy.[1] Therefore, in X-ray examination, the patient's lens exposure dose must be minimized as much as possible. Fig. 1 ： When X - ray...
Additional file 1 of Time change in the distribution of physical activity and its correlates among retired older Swedish adults: a repeated cross-sectional study from a national survey
Creators: name: Vilhelmson, Bertil
name: Thulin, Eva
name: Elldér, Erik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Table A1. Regression results: MVPA energy expenditure andsocio-demographic factors; the domains Housework and Maintenance and repair. TableA2. Regression results: MVPA energy expenditure and socio-demographicfactors; the domains Everyday walks and Active pursuits in natural environments.Table A3. Regression results: MVPA energy expenditure andsociodemographic factors; the domains Physical exercise and Active transport.
First Total Synthesis of Protoapigenone and Its Analogues as Potent Cytotoxic Agents
Creators: name: Wu, Yang-Chang
name: Lin, An-Shen
name: Lee, Kuo-Hsiung
name: Nakagawa-Goto, Kyoko
name: Wu, Chin-Chung
name: Morris-Natschke, Susan L.
name: Yu, Donglei
name: Chang, Fang-Rong
name: Chen, Shu-Li
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Protoapigenone (1), isolated from Thelypteris torresiana, previously showed significant cytotoxic activity against five human cancer cell lines. In a continued structure-activity relationship study, the first total synthesis and modification of 1 were achieved. All synthesized compounds and related intermediates were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against five human cancer cell lines, HepG2, Hep3B, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and A549. Among them, 24 showed 2.2-14.2 fold greater cytotoxicity than 1 and naphthyl A-ring analogs remarkably enhanced the activity.
title: Impact of rotational speed of CT on front exposure reduction system
Creators: name: Yamazaki, Shouichi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Radiation safety
subject: CT
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: X-CARE mounted on X-ray CT manufactured by Siemens Corporation is a tube current modulation system aimed at reducing exposure of tissues located on the front of the body, such as lenses and mammary glands. ［1-4］ X-CARE of SOMATOM Definition...
Theory of coupled spin-charge transport due to spin-orbit interaction in inhomogeneous two-dimensional electron liquids
Creators: name: Shen, K.
name: Raimondi, R.
name: Vignale, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-orbit interactions in two-dimensional electron liquids are responsible for many interesting transport phenomena in which particle currents are converted to spin polarizations and spin currents and viceversa. Prime examples are the spin Hall effect, the Edelstein effect, and their inverses. By similar mechanisms it is also possible to partially convert an optically induced electron-hole density wave to a spin density wave and viceversa. In this paper we present a unified theoretical treatment of these effects based on quantum kinetic equations that include not only the intrinsic spin-orbit coupling from the band structure of the host material, but also the spin-orbit coupling due to an external electric field and a random impurity potential. The drift-diffusion equations we derive in the diffusive regime are applicable to a broad variety of experimental situations, both homogeneous and non-homogeneous, and include on equal footing "skew scattering" and "side-jump" from electron-impurity collisions. As a demonstration of the strength and usefulness of the theory we apply it to the study of several effects of current experimental interest: the inverse Edelstein effect, the spin-current swapping effect, and the partial conversion of an electron-hole density wave to a spin density wave in a two-dimensional electron gas with Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit couplings, subject to an electric field.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures
Molecular Modeling of the Human P2Y2 Receptor and Design of a Selective Agonist, 2′-Amino-2′-deoxy-2-thio-UTP
Creators: name: Besada, Pedro
name: Costanzi, Stefano
name: Ivanov, Andrei A.
name: Fricks, Ingrid
name: Van Calenbergh, Serge
name: Jacobson, Kenneth A.
name: Harden, T. Kendall
name: Maddileti, Savitri
name: Ko, Hyojin
name: Cosyn, Liesbet
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: A rhodopsin-based homology model of the nucleotide-activated human P2Y2 receptor, including loops, termini, and phospholipids, was optimized with Monte Carlo Multiple Minimum. Docked UTP formed a nucleobase π–π complex with conserved Phe3.32. Selectivity-enhancing 2′-amino-2′-deoxy substitution interacted through π-hydrogen bonding with aromatic Phe6.51 and Tyr3.33. A “sequential ligand composition” approach for docking the flexible dinucleotide agonist Up4U demonstrated a shift of conserved cationic Arg3.29 from the UTP γ position to δ position of Up4U and Up4ribose. Sysnthesized nucleotides were tested as agonists at human P2Y receptors expressed in 1321N1 astrocytoma cells. 2′-Amino and 2-thio modifications synergized to enhance potency and selectivity; compound 8 (8 nM EC50) was 300-fold P2Y2-selective versus P2Y4. 2′-Amine acetylation reduced potency, and trifluoroacetylation produced intermediate potency. 5-Amino nucleobase substitution did not enhance potency through a predicted hydrophilic interaction, possibly because of destabilization of the receptor-favored (N)-ribose conformation. This detailed view of P2Y2 receptor recognition suggests mutations for model validation.
Additional file 1 of The Workwell trial: protocol for the process evaluation of a randomised controlled trial of job retention vocational rehabilitation for employed people with inflammatory arthritis
Creators: name: Hammond, Alison
name: Radford, Kathryn A.
name: Ching, Angela
name: Prior, Yeliz
name: O’Brien, Rachel
name: Woodbridge, Sarah
name: Culley, June
name: Parker, Jennifer
name: Holland, Paula
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Workwell intervention.
title: A very SMART syndrome!
Creators: name: Russell, James
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Seizure disorders
subject: Cancer
subject: Radiation effects
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Head and neck
subject: CNS

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. Pathophysiology of SMART syndrome 2. Differential Diagnosis based on MR brain imaging: sub-acute cerebral infarction, radiation, complicated migraine &prolonged seizure...
Towards understanding what contributes to forming an opinion
Creators: name: Wang, Peng
name: Song, Jia
name: Huo, Jie
name: Hao, Rui
name: Wang, Xu-Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 29902 Complex Physical Systems
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Opinion evolution mechanism can be captured by physical modeling. In this paper, a kinetic equation is established by defining a generalized displacement(cognitive level), a driving force and the related factors such as generalized potential, information quantity and attitude. It has been shown that the details of opinion evolution depend on the type of the driving force, self-dominated driving or environment-dominated driving. In the former case, the participants can have their attitudes changed in the process of competition between the self-driving force and environment-driving force. In the latter case, all of the participants are pulled by the environment. Some regularities behind the dynamics of opinion are also revealed, for instance, the information entropy decays with time in a special way, etc. The results may help us to get some deep understanding for the formation of a public opinion.
title: Comparison of Apparent Diffusion Coefficients from Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of Rectal Cancer at different MR scanners
Creators: name: Melles, Woldegabriel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Technical aspects
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: Radiographers
subject: MR physics
subject: Gastrointestinal tract

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) are treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) to improve the prognosis. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the pelvis is an essential part of theinitial staging procedure and in the...
title: Out of Hours IR Services in a Major Teaching Hospital
Creators: name: Anderson, Toni
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Acute
subject: Embolisation
subject: Drainage
subject: Catheters
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: CT
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Interventional non-vascular

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Since the relatively recent adventof angiography andtranscathetertechniques, interventional radiology (IR) has played an important role in the management of acutely unwell patients. High quality IR delivers significant improvement in patient...
title: “To x-ray or not to x-ray, that is the question!”; an audit on the use of abdominal x-rays in the Emergency Department
Creators: name: Anderson, Toni
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Abdomen
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Education
subject: Outcomes
subject: Quality assurance

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Plain film abdominal radiography is of limited diagnostic use and is regarded as an overused investigation. These radiographs expose patients to unnecessary radiation and adds to the burden of the country’s healthcare cost. If...
Structure−Activity Relationship of Uridine 5‘ - Diphosphoglucose Analogues as Agonists of the Human P2Y 14 Receptor
Creators: name: Fricks, Ingrid
name: Jacobson, Kenneth A.
name: Ko, Hyojin
name: Ivanov, Andrei A.
name: Harden, T. Kendall
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: UDP-glucose (UDPG) and derivatives are naturally-occurring agonists of the Gi protein-coupled P2Y14 receptor, which occurs in the immune system. We synthesized and characterized pharmacologically novel analogues of UDPG modified on the nucleobase, ribose, and glucose moieties, as the basis for designing novel ligands in conjunction with modeling. The recombinant human P2Y14 receptor expressed in COS-7 cells was coupled to phospholipase C through an engineered Gα-q/i protein. Most modifications of the uracil or ribose moieties abolished activity; this is among the least permissive P2Y receptors. However, a 2-thiouracil modification in 15 (EC50 49 ± 2 nM) enhanced the potency of UDPG (but not UDP-glucuronic acid) by 7-fold. 4-Thio analogue 13 was equipotent to UDPG, but S-alkylation was detrimental. Compound 15 was docked in a rhodposin-based receptor homology model, which correctly predicted potent agonism of UDP-fructose, UDP-mannose, and UDP-inositol. The hexose moiety of UDPG interacts with multiple H-bonding and charged resides and provides a fertile region for agonist modification.
Additional file 2 of The Workwell trial: protocol for the process evaluation of a randomised controlled trial of job retention vocational rehabilitation for employed people with inflammatory arthritis
Creators: name: Hammond, Alison
name: Radford, Kathryn A.
name: Ching, Angela
name: Prior, Yeliz
name: O’Brien, Rachel
name: Woodbridge, Sarah
name: Culley, June
name: Parker, Jennifer
name: Holland, Paula
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2. Trial participants’ information sheet.