cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On Iron Monoxide Nanoparticles as a Carrier of the Mysterious 21 Micrometer Emission Feature in Post-Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars
Creators: name: Li, Aigen
name: Liu, J. M.
name: Jiang, B. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A prominent, mysterious emission feature peaking at ~20.1 micrometer --- historically known as the ``21 micrometer' feature --- is seen in over two dozen Galactic and Magellanic Cloud carbon-rich post-asymptotic giant branch (post-AGB) stars. The nature of its carrier remains unknown since the first detection of the 21 micrometer feature in 1989. Over a dozen materials have been suggested as possible carrier candidates. However, none of them has been accepted: they either require too much material (compared to what is available in the circumstellar shells around these post-AGB stars), or exhibit additional emission features which are not seen in these 21 micrometer sources. Recently, iron monoxide (FeO) nanoparticles seem to be a promising carrier candidate as Fe is an abundant element and FeO emits exclusively at ~21 micrometer. In this work, using the proto-typical protoplanetary nebula HD 56126 as a test case, we examine FeO nanoparticles as a carrier for the 21 micrometer feature by modeling their infrared emission, with FeO being stochastically heated by single stellar photons. We find that FeO emits too broad a 21 micrometer feature to explain the observed one and the Fe abundance required to be locked up in FeO exceeds what is available in HD 56126. We therefore conclude that FeO nanoparticles are unlikely responsible for the 21 micrometer feature.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures; accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
N-Acetyl-B-D-Glucosaminidase as a Predictor of Milk Loss and Recovery Following Clinical Mastitis
Creators: name: Wilson, D. J.
name: Bartlett, P. C.
name: Mellenberger, R. W.
name: Kirk, J. H.
name: Mather, E. C.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: Clinical mastitis is becoming more important as management improvements have resulted in greater control of nonclinical pathogens (2,11). Economic losses due to clinical mastitis include decreased milk production, discarded milk, loss of animals due to culling or death, therapeutic costs, veterinary fees, and labor (1,5). Clinical mastitis cases vary greatly in lost milk production, duration of treatment, duration of clinical signs, and risk of culling from the herd. At the onset of signs, it is difficult to predict which cases will be most severe. Accurate early prognosis for mastitis has economic value. This study was conducted to assess the ability of a single milk NA Gase level (obtained at clinical onset) to predict severity of mastitis.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
How I-BEST Works: Findings from a Field Study of Washington State's Integrated Basic Education and Skills Training Program
Creators: name: Wachen, John
name: Jenkins, Paul Davis
name: Van Noy, Michelle
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: Integrated Basic Education and Skills Training (I-BEST) is an innovative program and strategy developed by the Washington (WA) State Board for Community and Technical Colleges (SBCTC) in conjunction with the state’s 29 community colleges and five technical colleges. Its goal is to increase the rate at which adult basic education and English-as-a-second-language students advance to college-level occupational programs and complete postsecondary credentials in fields offering good wages and career advancement. The promising results from preliminary analyses of I-BEST have generated interest in replication of the I-BEST model. Nationally, over 2.5 million students take adult basic skills courses at community colleges, high schools, and community organizations; only a fraction of these go on to pursue and earn college credentials. Despite the growing interest in I-BEST, not much is known outside Washington State about how the program works. This study, conducted by the Community College Research Center (CCRC), examines how I-BEST operates in Washington’s community and technical colleges. Researchers conducted telephone interviews with I-BEST faculty, staff, and administrators at all 34 colleges, and also observed I-BEST classes and interviewed faculty in-depth at four colleges. Overall, the 34 colleges agreed that I-BEST is an effective model for increasing the rate at which adult basic skills students enter and succeed in postsecondary occupational education. But it is expensive to operate, and determining how to fund its programs is a major concern. Not surprisingly, therefore, there was no consensus among the colleges about the sustainability of I-BEST, although they all acknowledged its significant benefits.
Operations of For-Hire Livestock Trucking Firms
Creators: name: Boles, Patrick P.
name: Boles, Patrick P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Transportation
subject: livestock
subject: trucking
subject: seasonality
subject: stability
subject: rates
subject: backhaul
subject: fuel shortage

description: Various aspects of livestock truckers’ operations were examined. Factors studied were firm stability, vehicle use, seasonality of livestock shipments, loss and damage claims, rates charged, the backhaul situation, nonlivestock trucking activity and the effects of the fuel shortage situation on for-hire livestock truckers. Firms appeared to be relatively stable. Equipment use was good, considering the level of seasonality. The rate of loss and damage claims was low. Rates charged increased considerably between 1972 and 1974. The fuel shortage situation reduced equipment use and increased costs.
“GOVERNANCE OF CENTRAL UNIVERSITIES SYSTEMS IN INDIA”
Creators: name: Singh, Dr. Deepak
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 350105
subject: Management accounting
classificationCode: 390107
subject: Humanities and social sciences curriculum and pedagogy (excl. economics, business and management)

description: ABSTRACT: In this paper we propose governance implementation for higher education system in India at different period of time. For this we intend to frame a logical architecture design for higher education system. On the basis of this architecture we will try give a broad base for governance of higher education. We aim at demonstrating the status, growth and external governance and internal governance with special reference to higher education system in India
Media Streams Metadata Exchange: User Study and Initial Requirements
Creators: name: Shaw, Ryan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: In recent years technologies for producing multimedia content have become cheap and ubiquitous, while the effective bandwidth for distributing this content has increased, due to greater network capacity and new protocols and formats for using this capacity more efficiently. Unfortunately, the development of applications for finding, sharing, and recombining this content, rather than simply consuming it, has not kept pace. The MSMDX (Media Streams Metadata Exchange) project plans to remedy this by developing a platform to enable users to annotate, find, share, and remix audio and video content in a networked, collaborative fashion. A single community of active audiovisual content consumer/producers was studied in order to understand their current practices and how they might be supported or changed by new tools. The results of this study have resulted in a set of initial user requirements for the MSMDX platform. This report describes the study in detail and presents the requirements for three components of the platform:
• A system for providing fragments of media on demand
• An open repository for user-contributed descriptions of media
• An engine for applying user-contributed rules to generate remixed media
Heat conduction in general relativity
Creators: name: Kim, Hyeong-Chan
name: Lee, Youngone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the problem of heat conduction in general relativity by using Carter's variational formulation. We write the creation rates of the entropy and the particle as combinations of the vorticities of temperature and chemical potential. We pay attention to the fact that there are two additional degrees of freedom in choosing the relativistic analog of Cattaneo equation for the parts binormal to the caloric and the number flows. Including the contributions from the binormal parts, we find a $\textit{new}$ heat-flow equations and discover their dynamical role in thermodynamic systems. The benefit of introducing the binormal parts is that it allows room for a physical ansatz for describing the whole evolution of the thermodynamic system. Taking advantage of this platform, we propose a proper ansatz that deals with the binormal contributions starting from the physical properties of thermal equilibrium systems. We also consider the stability of a thermodynamic system in a flat background. We find that $\textit{new}$ "Klein" modes exist in addition to the known ones. We also find that the stability requirement is less stringent than those in the literature.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure
Reported Use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Food Animal Practice
Creators: name: Kopcha, M.
name: Kaneene, J. B.
name: Ahl, A.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: A cross-sectional study was designed to determine 1) the extent to which nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used in the treatment of food animals, 2) demographic and practice factors that may influence their use, and 3) if withdrawal times for milk and slaughter are recommended.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
A Multi-Step model to predict the size of stabilized oil droplets in pickering emulsions containing janus and non-janus nanoparticles
Creators: name: Sharifzadeh, Esmail
name: Ader, Fiona
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In this study, a multi-step model is proposed to predict the average size of stabilized oil droplets in Pickering emulsions considering the characteristics, participation ratio, three-phase contact angle, and aggregation/agglomeration of nanostabilizers. As the first step, a novel model is proposed to define the size and volume fraction of the aggregated/agglomerated domains based on the thermal conduction coefficient of water/nanostabilizer suspensions. Next, the average radius of the stabilized oil droplets is predicted using another designed model considering the content of involved nanostabilizers and their penetration depth inside the oil phase. Three different OX-50 silica nanoparticles (bare, homogenously modified (HM) and Janus) are used as stabilizers in Pickering emulsions. Janus nanoparticles are synthesized using a one-step desymmetrization process and the characteristics of the products are verified based on their behavior in the water/chloroform dual-phase system and FTIR test results. The results of the multi-step model are compared to the actual average radius of the stabilized oil droplets defined using the light-microscopy and FE-SEM tests. It was found that the proposed model is acceptably accurate in predicting the average size of the oil droplets in the systems containing bare and HM nanoparticles however, the unique behavior of Janus nanoparticles causes an overprediction.
Cost Components of Farm-Retail Price Spreads for Selected Foods
Creators: name: Economic Research Service
name: Economic Research Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Food
subject: marketing
subject: costs
subject: price spreads

description: The farm-retail price spread accounts for over half of each dollar consumers pay for most food products in retail stores. The farm-retail spread measures the marketing charges for assembling, transporting, processing, and distributing food products. Cost of these functions and of various inputs, such as labor and packaging, varied widely in 1974 for 16 products studied. Costs of assembling products from farmers averaged only 2 to 3 percent of the retail price of most products. Processing costs were about a third of the retail price of canned tomatoes, margarine and bread, but less than 15 percent of the price of beef, pork, broilers, eggs, and milk which are changed relatively little after they leave the farm. Estimated labor and packaging costs accounted for half or more of the processing costs for most products. Food transportation costs were highest for fresh fruits and vegetables, accounting for 10 to 15 percent of the retail price of potatoes and California lettuce and oranges. Costs of wholesaling, consisting of warehousing and local delivery, ranged between 5 and 8 percent of the retail price. Retailing margins were less than 25 percent of the retail price for all items except fresh oranges, potatoes, and lettuce. Labor costs made up about half of the store margin, while rent averaged around 7 percent.
Relativistic description of magnetic moments in nuclei with doubly closed shells plus or minus one nucleon
Creators: name: Li, J.
name: Wei, J. X.
name: Hu, J. N.
name: Ring, P.
name: Meng, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the relativistic point-coupling model with density functional PC-PK1, the magnetic moments of the nuclei $^{207}$Pb, $^{209}$Pb, $^{207}$Tl and $^{209}$Bi with a $jj$ closed-shell core $^{208}$Pb are studied on the basis of relativistic mean field (RMF) theory. The corresponding time-odd fields, the one-pion exchange currents, and the first- and second-order corrections are taken into account. The present relativistic results reproduce the data well. The relative deviation between theory and experiment for these four nuclei is 6.1% for the relativistic calculations and somewhat smaller than the value of 13.2% found in earlier non-relativistic investigations. It turns out that the $π$ meson is important for the description of magnetic moments, first by means of one-pion exchange currents and second by the residual interaction provided by the $π$ exchange.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Number-conserving solution for dynamical quantum backreaction in a Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Baak, Sang-Shin
name: Ribeiro, Caio C. Holanda
name: Fischer, Uwe R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a number-conserving approach to the backreaction problem of small quantum fluctuations onto a classical background for the exactly soluble dynamical evolution of a Bose-Einstein condensate, experimentally realizable in the ultracold gas laboratory. A force density exerted on the gas particles which is of quantum origin is uniquely identified as the deviation from the classical Eulerian force density. The backreaction equations are then explored for the specific example of a finite size uniform density condensate initially at rest. By assuming that the condensate starts from a non-interacting regime, and in its ground state, we fix a well-defined initial vacuum condition, which is driven out-of-equilibrium by instantaneously turning on the interactions. The assumption of this initial vacuum accounts for the ambiguity in choosing a vacuum state for interacting condensates, which is due to phase diffusion and the ensuing condensate collapse. As a major finding, we reveal that the time evolution of the condensate cloud leads to condensate density corrections that cannot in general be disentangled from the quantum depletion in measurements probing the power spectrum of the total density. Furthermore, while the condensate is initially at rest, quantum fluctuations give rise to a nontrivial condensate flux, from which we demonstrate that the quantum force density attenuates the classical Eulerian force. Finally, the knowledge of the particle density as a function of time for a condensate at rest determines, to order $N^0$, where $N$ is the total number of particles, the quantum force density, thus offering a viable route for obtaining experimentally accessible quantum backreaction effects.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Comparison of free-surface and conservative Allen-Cahn phase-field lattice Boltzmann method
Creators: name: Schwarzmeier, Christoph
name: Holzer, Markus
name: Mitchell, Travis
name: Lehmann, Moritz
name: Häusl, Fabian
name: Rüde, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study compares the free-surface lattice Boltzmann method (FSLBM) with the conservative Allen-Cahn phase-field lattice Boltzmann method (PFLBM) in their ability to model two-phase flows in which the behavior of the system is dominated by the heavy phase. Both models are introduced and their individual properties, strengths and weaknesses are thoroughly discussed. Six numerical benchmark cases were simulated with both models, including (i) a standing gravity and (ii) capillary wave, (iii) an unconfined rising gas bubble in liquid, (iv) a Taylor bubble in a cylindrical tube, and (v) the vertical and (vi) oblique impact of a drop into a pool of liquid. Comparing the simulation results with either analytical models or experimental data from the literature, four major observations were made. Firstly, the PFLBM selected was able to simulate flows purely governed by surface tension with reasonable accuracy. Secondly, the FSLBM, a sharp interface model, generally requires a lower resolution than the PFLBM, a diffuse interface model. However, in the limit case of a standing wave, this was not observed. Thirdly, in simulations of a bubble moving in a liquid, the FSLBM accurately predicted the bubble's shape and rise velocity with low computational resolution. Finally, the PFLBM's accuracy is found to be sensitive to the choice of the model's mobility parameter and interface width.
Charge Order with a Noncoplanar Triple-Q Magnetic Order on a Cubic Lattice
Creators: name: Hayami, Satoru
name: Misawa, Takahiro
name: Motome, Yukitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ground state of the periodic Anderson model on a cubic lattice is investigated by mean-field calculations, with focusing on the possibility of charge ordering. We show that three different charge-ordered phases appear at 3/2 filling, which are accompanied by ferromagnetic, noncoplanar triple-Q, and ferrimagnetic order, respectively. The triple-Q magnetic order is likely stabilized by emergent geometrical frustration in the charge-ordered phase with the ordering wave vector (pi,pi,pi). We show that the nearest-neighbor hopping between localized electrons stabilizes the triple-Q phase relative to the other two phases. We also discuss the electronic structure in the triple-Q charge-ordered phase.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Constraining Exoplanet Mass from Transmission Spectroscopy
Creators: name: de Wit, Julien
name: Seager, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determination of an exoplanet's mass is a key to understanding its basic properties, including its potential for supporting life. To date, mass constraints for exoplanets are predominantly based on radial velocity (RV) measurements, which are not suited for planets with low masses, large semi-major axes, or those orbiting faint or active stars. Here, we present a method to extract an exoplanet's mass solely from its transmission spectrum. We find good agreement between the mass retrieved for the hot Jupiter HD189733b from transmission spectroscopy with that from RV measurements. Our method will be able to retrieve the masses of Earth-sized and super-Earth planets using data from future space telescopes that were initially designed for atmospheric characterization.
description: 66 pages, 25 figures, published in the December 20, 2013 edition of Science Magazine. Includes supplementary materials
Incidence and Treatment of Abnormal Postpartum Ovarian Function in Dairy Cows
Creators: name: Archbald, L. F.
name: Norman, S. N.
name: Bliss, E. L.
name: Tran, T.
name: Lyle, S.
name: Thomas, P. G. A.
name: Rathwell, A. C.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: The objectives of this study were to determine 1) the incidence of abnormal postpartum ovarian function in a large dairy herd in North Central Florida and 2) the effectiveness of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) in treating this condition. The study was conducted from April 1988 to June 1989.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
Risk of an Altered lnterestrus Interval Following Clinical Mastitis in Dairy Cattle
Creators: name: Moore, D. A.
name: Cullor, J.
name: Bondurant, R. H.
name: Sischo, W. M.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: Clinical mastitis and reproductive records from two southern California dairy herds were used in a cross-sectional study to determine the risk of an altered interestrus interval following clinical mastitis.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
Animal Welfare, Animal Rights, Agriculture, and Veterinary Medicine
Creators: name: Rollin, Bernard E.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: Many of you have been exposed to the idea of a clear dichotomy between animal welfare and animal rights, with animal rights being the perspective of radicals; extremists, and vegetarians alone, and animal welfare being the acceptable moderate and mainstream position. I want to suggest to you that this is greatly oversimplified, and that, while many extremists do identify themseleved with animal rights, a version of animal rights philosophy, which I will outline today, is becoming the mainstream approach to social thought about animals. According to a recent Parents Magazine survey, for example, over 80% of the public believes that animals have rights. Congress gets more letters on animal welfare/rights issues than any other issue. Thus you need to understand and assess for yourselves the thinking implicit in this new idea, not simply dismiss it out of hand.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
Quality Assurance & Residue Avoidance in Midwest Feedlots
Creators: name: Huston, Patrick L.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: Feedlot Drug Testing-Challenge of the 90's - Residues of drugs in food producing animals is presently one of the greatest challenges facing the cattle industry. While assessing the actual issue of drug residues as needs arise, a still larger task of addressing the perceived need of the consumer, as media misconception, and purposeful negativity by animal welfarists (of which the veterinary profession is an active part). Thus the ultimate goal of the beef industry, therefore, must be to make quality assurance & beef safety a "non-issue" by generating a positive image & maintaining consumer confidence. In recent years the beef industry has generally been both aided & damaged by developments both internationally and at home.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
Quality Assurance and Residue Avoidance
Creators: name: Kerschen, Bob
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: Quality assurance or quality control programs have received a lot of attention in the last few years. The fed beef industry is making strides to keep abreast of the changing times. State feedlot organizations have moved forward with the help and guidance of groups such as the National Cattlemen's Association and the Academy of Veterinary Consultants. Colorado, Nebraska, and Texas have already initiated their own seminars and training programs. Monfort, Inc. has made a commitment to total food safety and intends to be second to none when it comes to producing a safe quality product. The basics for instituting a beef safety and quality assurance program at the feedlot level are the same whether your lot feeds 500 head or 500,000 head.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
Practical Uses of Decision Analysis
Creators: name: Slenning, Barrett D.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: For the majority of choices in life, decisions can be made without much introspection. A decision may not be important enough to warrant analysis or its outcomes are so easy to rank, the choice is obvious. Occasionally, however, situations arise where the consequences of each choice are not obvious. At these times we need systematic methods to estimate future events, consequences of actions, likelihoods of occurrences, and the end results of the many scenarios facing us.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
Economic Analysis in Beef Feedlot Practice
Creators: name: Jordan, Timothy
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: The process of converting biology, physiology, and pathology from medical to economic terms can be a complex undertaking. Many veterinary practitioners do this almost subconsciously without complex computer assistance. For these experienced veterinarians, decisions to treat or not to treat and with what drug are often made from the clinical presentation of the animal or animals and the expected outcome or result of various therapeutic options. Determination of the "true economic" cost of animal disease should be an integral component of feedlot animal health. The problems to overcome when determining the true cost of disease in a feedlot situation are many. The veterinary practitioners must many times overcome the lack of records or records that do not allow for economic evaluation. Other obstacles are the determination of what to measure, quantifying subclinical or inapparent loss, variation from animal to animal or from load to load, and determination of industry standards or comparison factors. These problems coupled with the fact that often the diagnosis of disease is subjective in nature seem to make the precise quantification of disease loss impossible. While these problems are formidable, they are not insurmountable. Let us look at how each of these problems can be overcome and then at a specific situational application.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
Nutrition and Management of Newly-Arrived Cattle
Creators: name: Armbruster, Steve
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: The key to success in starting new cattle is setting realistic goals and objectives. For most producers the primary goal is to maximize profit. With this goal, objectives are needed for death loss, morbidity, medical cost, weight gain, feed conversion and cost of gain. One difficulty in setting goals and objectives in a starting program is the moving target. Each new group of cattle offers a unique challenge. Another problem is that valid objectives are often not compatible. For example, the ration that results in the best weight gain and feed conversion may not give the lowest morbidity and mortality. Despite these difficulties, producers should define goals and objectives in writing. Then a detailed plan is needed for each group of new cattle. Plans will be similar in basic structure, yet flexible enough to suit each circumstance. In a nutritional program, the fundamentals are easily defined. Simply stated, proper nutrition is 1) defining animal requirements, and 2) satisfying those needs with appropriate feedstuffs. Although the fundamentals are easily stated, they are challenging to implement because many variables influence animal needs and feed quality.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
Decoding Short LDPC Codes via BP-RNN Diversity and Reliability-Based Post-Processing
Creators: name: Rosseel, Joachim
name: Mannoni, Valérian
name: Fijalkow, Inbar
name: Savin, Valentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper investigates decoder diversity architectures for short low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, based on recurrent neural network (RNN) models of the belief-propagation (BP) algorithm. We propose a new approach to achieve decoder diversity in the waterfall region, by specializing BP-RNN decoders to specific classes of errors, with absorbing set support. We further combine our approach with an ordered statistics decoding (OSD) post-processing step, which effectively leverages the bit-error rate optimization deriving from the use of the binary cross-entropy loss function. We show that a single specialized BP-RNN decoder combines better than BP with the OSD post-processing step. Moreover, combining OSD post-processing with the diversity brought by the use of multiple BP-RNN decoders, provides an efficient way to bridge the gap to maximum likelihood decoding.
Feed Additives and Animal Health
Creators: name: Watson, Larry T.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: Most feed additives were developed for or have an effect on the health of the animal. Additives such as tetracyclines, sulfas, coccidiostats and anthelmintics, yeast and microbial cultures have as their main objective, the prevention of disease or other health related treatment. Other additives, most significantly, the ionophores, are not marketed primarily as animal health additives, but as performance enhancers. Even though this is their main purpose, these products have an indirect impact on the animal health program at the feedlot.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
Search for neutral and charged MSSM Higgs bosons in ATLAS
Creators: name: Flechl, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of Higgs boson searches in the context of the Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (MSSM) in proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector based on collected data corresponding to up to 36 pb-1 are presented. Searches in the channels H+->cs, H+->taunu, and H->tautau are discussed. All observations agree with the expectation of the Standard Model (SM)-only hypothesis and thus exclusion limits are derived.
description: Proceedings for EPS 2011
The Effect of Moist Convection on the Tropospheric Response to Tropical and Subtropical Zonally Asymmetric Torques
Creators: name: Boos, William R.
name: Shaw, Tiffany A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Atmosphere

description: Tropospheric winds can be altered by vertical transfers of momentum due to orographic gravity waves and convection. Previous work showed that, in dry models, such zonally asymmetric torques produce a pattern of tropical ascent that is well described by linear dynamics, together with meridional shifts of the midlatitude jet. Here a series of idealized models is used to understand the effects of moisture on the tropospheric response to tropical and subtropical zonally asymmetric, upper-tropospheric torques. The vertical motion response to a torque is shown to be amplified by the reduction in effective static stability that occurs in moist convecting atmospheres. This amplification occurs only in precipitating regions, and the magnitude of subsidence in nonprecipitating regions saturates when clear-sky radiative cooling balances induced adiabatic warming. For basic states in which precipitation is concentrated in an intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), most of the vertical motion response is thus confined within the basic-state ITCZ, even when the torque is remote from the ITCZ. Tropical and subtropical torques perturb the extratropical baroclinic eddy field and the convectively coupled equatorial wave field. Resulting changes in momentum flux convergence by transient eddies induce secondary meridional overturning circulations that modify the zonal-mean response to a torque. The net effect allows tropical torques to merge a double ITCZ into a single equatorial ITCZ. The response of tropical transient eddies is highly sensitive to the representation of convection, so the zonal-mean response to a torque is similarly sensitive, even when the torque is located in the subtropics.
Learning with Weak Annotations for Robust Maritime Obstacle Detection
Creators: name: Žust, Lojze
name: Kristan, Matej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robust maritime obstacle detection is critical for safe navigation of autonomous boats and timely collision avoidance. The current state-of-the-art is based on deep segmentation networks trained on large datasets. However, per-pixel ground truth labeling of such datasets is labor-intensive and expensive. We propose a new scaffolding learning regime (SLR) that leverages weak annotations consisting of water edges, the horizon location, and obstacle bounding boxes to train segmentation-based obstacle detection networks, thereby reducing the required ground truth labeling effort by a factor of twenty. SLR trains an initial model from weak annotations and then alternates between re-estimating the segmentation pseudo-labels and improving the network parameters. Experiments show that maritime obstacle segmentation networks trained using SLR on weak annotations not only match but outperform the same networks trained with dense ground truth labels, which is a remarkable result. In addition to the increased accuracy, SLR also increases domain generalization and can be used for domain adaptation with a low manual annotation load. The SLR code and pre-trained models are available at https://github.com/lojzezust/SLR .
description: Published in MDPI Sensors, 23 pages, 8 figures
Nutritional Management of the Sick Animal
Creators: name: Watson, Larry T.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: Proper nutritional management of the sick animal is a complex subject that demands cooperation between the disciplines of animal nutrition and animal health. In fact, animal feedlot nutrition and feedlot performance and animal disease prevention and health are 2 sciences that cannot be separated since they are so interrelated. I feel it is important at this point to emphasize the need for this cooperation. Just as improper bunk management techniques cause concerns for both professionals ( displayed as overeating, overloading, bulling, and bloats) affecting the performance and health, sick cattle nutrition and management will reflect on the performance of both disciplines. Cooperation and communication between the veterinarian and nutritionist helps minimize problems and aid in efficient approaches to problems when they do arise.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
Financial Performance of North Dakota's Beef Cow Enterprises
Creators: name: Hughes, Harlan
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: The purpose of this publication is to provide astute cattlemen with some suggested Critical Success Factors (CSF) that should help ensure financial survival of a beef farm or ranch in the 1990's. Once the CSF's are identified, Integrated Resource Management (IRM) teams can turn their integration efforts toward designing a comprehensive on-farm Integrated Resource Management Information Systems that routinely monitor these Critical Success Factors for individual beef farms and ranchers.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
Cow/Calf Production Records
Creators: name: Spire, Mark F.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: The use of records in a production medicine program can vary from the simple to the complex. Regardless of the degree of sophistication in the system, records should accurately document events occurring in the herd. Historians and politicians frequently use the phrase. "How do we know where we are going, if we don't know where we have been?" Records leave a written documentation for others to follow. The development of production medicine programs depend to a large degree on informaton transfer between the producer, veterinarian, and various resource people involved in production agriculture. This exchange of ideas and concepts should result in cost efficient beef production for the enterprise. Each person plays a significant role. The producer establishes goals for the operation and provides day-to-day observations and documentation. The veterinarian provides documentation, technical and decisionmaking skills. Resource personnel provide the latest economic and technical information. The use of production records allows all parties involved to evaluate the operation's performance from a production and economic perspective while taking advantage of available technology.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
Replacement Heifers
Creators: name: Hughes, Harlan
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: The purpose of this paper is to provide practicing veterinarians a recommended procedure for determining their clients' cost of raising replacement heifers. With these costs in mind, practicing veterinarians can play a major role in helping beef cow operators make profitable replacement heifer decisions.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
A giant atom with modulated transition frequency
Creators: name: Du, Lei
name: Zhang, Yan
name: Li, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Giant atoms are known for the frequency-dependent spontaneous emission and associated interference effects. In this paper, we study the spontaneous emission dynamics of a two-level giant atom with dynamically modulated transition frequency. It is shown that the retarded feedback effect of the giant-atom system is greatly modified by a dynamical phase arising from the frequency modulation and the retardation effect itself. Interestingly, such a modification can in turn suppress the retarded feedback such that the giant atom behaves like a small one. By introducing an additional phase difference between the two atom-waveguide coupling paths, we also demonstrate the possibility of realizing chiral and tunable temporal profiles of the output fields. The results in this paper have potential applications in quantum information processing and quantum network engineering.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Replacement Heifer Development
Creators: name: Corah, L. R.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: Effective replacement heifer development is a critical segment of the integrated management program in an efficient beef cow production system. The main objective should be to develop an adequate number of heifers to a point where they reach puberty and are cycling regularly at the start of the breeding season. However, many associated considerations in a successful development program will be discussed in this fact sheet. In addition, one might consider the first-calf heifer as part of replacement heifer development until she breeds back and weans her first calf. Indeed, she should continue to be managed separately as she has increased nutritional demands through this period.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
Micromagnetic study of the impact of grain boundaries on coercivity
Creators: name: Fischbacher, Johann
name: Hrushko, Oleksandr
name: Hortschitz, Wilfried
name: Schrefl, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: crystal structure
ferromagnetic properties
grain boundary
Micromagnetic
coercity
granular structure
tetrahedral mesh

description: The crystal structure, ferromagnetic properties, and thickness of grain boundaries separating the grains of a Nd2Fe14B-type permanent magnet significantly influence the figures of merit such as coercivity, remanence or the energy density product BHmax. Grain boundaries act as anisotropy defects. We use micromagnetic simulations to quantify the influence of those on coercivity/knee field.
Causes and Prevention of Bovine Abortion
Creators: name: Kirkbride, Clyde A.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: Abortion is a particularly costly and vexing problem for veterinarians and cow/calf producers. Determining the causes of bovine abortion is difficult for several reasons, and despite the advances in diagnostic technology of the past few years, diagnostic success in bovine abortions seldom reaches 50% in laboratories around the world. Table 1 summarizes the results of diagnostic efforts on bovine abortions over the past 3 years at the South Dakota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory where specimens from 600 to 1000 aborted calves are examined each year. With the exception of dystocia, twinning, trauma, and anomaly (which in some cases may be caused by infection) all the causes listed are infectious, i.e. bacterial, viral, fungal, or protozoan. Because toxic, metabolic, and hereditary causes of abortion seldom result in a product or lesion readily recognizable in fetal tissues, these causes of abortion usually remain undetected by diagnosticians. Obviously the stockman wants every pregnant cow to go to term and deliver a live, healthy calf. This is an unrealistic expectation, but the level of abortion in a herd that should elicit alarm has not been determined exactly. A maximum loss of 3%, while not desirable, probably is not unreasonable. Some of these losses may result from certain inherited hormonal deficiencies, and routine culling usually keeps this problem to a minimum. As with any average figure, this 3% loss does not occur uniformly each year in every herd. Therefore fewer than 1% "normal" abortions may occur in a herd for several years, and then the number may exceed 3% for 1 or more years. This makes it difficult to set a precise figure for the number of abortions that should be accepted before investigation into the cause is started, but in general, diagnostic efforts should be initiated any time more than 1% of the herd abort.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
Economics of Reproduction Efficiency in Beef Cow Herds
Creators: name: Hughes, Harlan
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: The objective of this presentation is to suggest how a practicing veterinarian can go about integrating economic reality into his client services. I will concentrate on projecting the increased economic revenue associated with increasing your clients' beef herd's reproductive efficiencies. Other speakers at this conference will cover how reproductive efficiency can be increased and what it might cost to get the increased efficiencies. It will be left up to the conference participants to compare my projected increased revenues to the other speaker's projected cost increases.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990
Reproductive Efficiency in Beef Cattle
Creators: name: Odde, K. G.
name: Snelling, W. M.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1990

description: Cow-calf efficiency can be defined both in terns of biological efficiency and economic efficiency. Measures of biological efficiency include pregnancy rate, percentage calf crop weaned and calf weight weaned per cow exposed. Economic efficiency may be measured by net return per cow/calf unit or net return to the beef cattle enterprise. Biological and economic efficiency are often closely related, but in some situations only a limited relationship exists. For example, if biological efficiency defined as calf weight weaned divided by cow exposed is high, economic efficiency may or may not be high, depending on cow costs and the price of calves. Economic efficiency is of most importance to producers and is dependent on: 1) percent calf crop weaned, 2) weaning weight, 3) sale price of calves, and 4) annual cow costs (Ritchie, 1984). Maximizing production may not always be consistent with maximizing net profits over the long term. Identifying optimum levels of production ( those consistent with maximum continuing net profit) should be the goal. The optimum levels for reproductive measures such as pregnancy rate and percentage calf crop weaned are in fact high and quite close to maximum in most cases. Focusing on high reproductive efficiency at minimal cost is essential in moving cow-calf producers closer to optimum levels of production. Where do reductions in reproductive efficiency occur? Bellows (1984) summarized losses in potentially weanable calves and reported that most losses occur either because cows fail to become pregnant or lose calves at or near calving. Nutrition is a major factor contributing to these losses. The purpose of this paper is to discuss factors, primarily nutritional, contributing to these losses.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1990