cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Travel patterns during pregnancy: comparison between Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking and questionnaire data
Creators: name: Wu, Jun
name: Jiang, Chengsheng
name: Jaimes, Guillermo
name: Bartell, Scott
name: Dang, Andy
name: Baker, Dean
name: Delfino, Ralph J
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2013
Subjects: Global Position System
Travel Time
Global Position System Data
Trip Duration
Trip Distance

description: Maternal exposures to traffic-related air pollution have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Exposures to traffic-related air pollutants are strongly influenced by time spent near traffic. However, little is known about women’s travel activities during pregnancy and whether questionnaire-based data can provide reliable information on travel patterns during pregnancy. Examine women’s in-vehicle travel behavior during pregnancy and examine the difference in travel data collected by questionnaire and global positioning system (GPS) and their potential for exposure error. We measured work-related travel patterns in 56 pregnant women using a questionnaire and one-week GPS tracking three times during pregnancy (<20 weeks, 20–30 weeks, and >30 weeks of gestation). We compared self-reported activities with GPS-derived trip distance and duration, and examined potentially influential factors that may contribute to differences. We also described in-vehicle travel behavior by pregnancy periods and influences of demographic and personal factors on daily travel times. Finally, we estimated personal exposure to particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PB-PAH) and examined the magnitude of exposure misclassification using self-reported vs. GPS travel data.Subjects overestimated both trip duration and trip distance compared to the GPS data. We observed moderately high correlations between self-reported and GPS-recorded travel distance (home to work trips: r = 0.88; work to home trips: r = 0.80). Better agreement was observed between the GPS and the self-reported travel time for home to work trips (r = 0.77) than work to home trips (r = 0.64). The subjects on average spent 69 and 93 minutes traveling in vehicles daily based on the GPS and self-reported data, respectively. Longer daily travel time was observed among participants in early pregnancy, and during certain pregnancy periods in women with higher education attainment, higher income, and no children. When comparing self-reported vs. GPS data, we found that estimated personal exposure to PB-PAH did not differ remarkably at the population level, but the difference was large at an individual level. Self-reported home-to-work data overestimated both trip duration and trip distance compared to GPS data. Significant differences in PAH exposure estimates were observed at individual level using self-reported vs. GPS data, which has important implications in air pollution epidemiological studies.
GRASP [Genomic Resource Access for Stoichioproteomics]: comparative explorations of the atomic content of 12 Drosophila proteomes
Creators: name: Gilbert, James D J
name: Acquisti, Claudia
name: Martinson, Holly M
name: Elser, James J
name: Kumar, Sudhir
name: Fagan, William F
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Comparative-phylogenetic analysis
subject: Ecological stoichiometry
subject: Material costs
subject: Nutrient limitation
subject: Proteomics

description: “Stoichioproteomics” relates the elemental composition of proteins and proteomes to variation in the physiological and ecological environment. To help harness and explore the wealth of hypotheses made possible under this framework, we introduce GRASP (http://www.graspdb.net), a public bioinformatic knowledgebase containing information on the frequencies of 20 amino acids and atomic composition of their side chains. GRASP integrates comparative protein composition data with annotation data from multiple public databases. Currently, GRASP includes information on proteins of 12 sequenced Drosophila (fruit fly) proteomes, which will be expanded to include increasingly diverse organisms over time. In this paper we illustrate the potential of GRASP for testing stoichioproteomic hypotheses by conducting an exploratory investigation into the composition of 12 Drosophila proteomes, testing the prediction that protein atomic content is associated with species ecology and with protein expression levels. Elements varied predictably along multivariate axes. Species were broadly similar, with the D. willistoni proteome a clear outlier. As expected, individual protein atomic content within proteomes was influenced by protein function and amino acid biochemistry. Evolution in elemental composition across the phylogeny followed less predictable patterns, but was associated with broad ecological variation in diet. Using expression data available for D. melanogaster, we found evidence consistent with selection for efficient usage of elements within the proteome: as expected, nitrogen content was reduced in highly expressed proteins in most tissues, most strongly in the gut, where nutrients are assimilated, and least strongly in the germline. The patterns identified here using GRASP provide a foundation on which to base future research into the evolution of atomic composition in Drosophila and other taxa.
Gap Anisotropy in Iron-Based Superconductors: A Point-Contact Andreev Reflection Study of BaFe$_{2-x}$Ni$_{x}$As$_2$ Single Crystals
Creators: name: Ren, Cong
name: Wang, Zhao-Sheng
name: Wang, Zhen-Yu
name: Luo, Hui-Qian
name: Lu, Xing-Ye
name: Sheng, Bin
name: Li, Chun-Hong
name: Shan, Lei
name: Yang, Huan
name: Wen, Hai-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a systematic investigation on c-axis point-contact Andreev reflection (PCAR) in BaFe$_{2-x}$Ni$_x$As$_2$ superconducting single crystals from underdoped to overdoped regions (0.075 $\leq x\leq 0.15$). At optimal doping ($x=0.1$) the PCAR spectrum feature the structures of two superconducting gap and electron-boson coupling mode. In the $s\pm$ scenario, quantitative analysis using a generalized Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk (BTK) formalism with two gaps: one isotropic and another angle dependent, suggest a nodeless state in strong-coupling limit with gap minima on the Fermi surfaces. Upon crossing above the optimal doping ($x > 0.1$), the PCAR spectrum show an in-gap sharp narrow peak at low bias, in contrast to the case of underdoped samples ($x < 0.1$), signaling the onset of deepened gap minima or nodes in the superconducting gap. This result provides evidence of the modulation of the gap amplitude with doping concentration, consistent with the calculations for the orbital dependent pair interaction mediated by the antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Resolution of puzzles from the LSND, KARMEN, and MiniBooNE experiments
Creators: name: Gninenko, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work has attempted to reconcile puzzling neutrino oscillation results from the LSND, KARMEN and MiniBooNE experiments. We show that the LSND evidence for $\barν_μ\to \barν_e$ oscillations, its long-standing disagreement with the results from KARMEN, and the anomalous event excess observed by MiniBooNE in $ν_μ$ and $\barν_μ$ data could all be explained by the existence of a heavy sterile neutrino ($ν_h$). All these results are found to be consistent with each other assuming that the $ν_h$ is created in $ν_μ$ neutral-current interactions and decays radiatively into a photon and a light neutrino. Assuming the $ν_h$ is produced through mixing with $ν_μ$, the combined analysis of the LSND and MiniBooNe excess events suggests that the $ν_h$ mass is in the range from 40 to 80 MeV, the mixing strength is $|U_{μh}|^2 \simeq 10^{-3}-10^{-2}$, and the lifetime is $τ_{ν_h} \lesssim 10^{-9}$ s. Surprisingly, this LSND-MiniBooNE parameters window is found to be unconstrained by the results from the most sensitive experiments searching for heavy neutrino. We set new limits on $|U_{μh}|^2$ for the LSND-MiniBooNE favorable mass region from the precision measurements of the Michel spectrum by the TWIST experiment. The results obtained provide a strong motivation for a sensitive search for the $ν_h$ in a near future $ K$ decay or neutrino experiments, which fit well in the existing/planned experimental programs at CERN or FNAL. The question of whether the heavy neutrino is Dirac or Majorana particle is briefly discussed.
description: 24 pages, 28 figures, version to appear in PRD
Role of life events in the presence of colon polyps among African Americans
Creators: name: Ashktorab, Hassan
name: Namin, Hassan Hassanzadeh
name: Taylor, Teletia
name: Williams, Carla
name: Brim, Hassan
name: Mellman, Thomas
name: Shokrani, Babak
name: Holt, Cheryl L
name: Laiyemo, Adeyinka O
name: Nouraie, Mehdi
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2013
Subjects: Stress
Life events
Colon adenoma
African Americans

description: African Americans have disproportionately higher incidence and death rates of colorectal cancer among all ethnic groups in the United States. Several lifestyle factors (e.g. diet, physical activity and alcohol intake) have been suggested as risk factors for colorectal cancer. Stressful life events have also been identified as risk factors for colorectal cancer. The association between stressful life events and colon polyps, which are precursors of colorectal cancer, has yet to be determined. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between stressful life events and the presence of colon polyps and adenomas in African American men and women. In this cross-sectional study, 110 participants were recruited from a colon cancer screening program at Howard University Hospital. Participants completed an 82-item Life Events Questionnaire (Norbeck 1984), assessing major events that have occurred in the participants’ life within the past 12 months. Participants also reported whether the event had a positive or negative impact. Three scores were derived (total, positive, and negative). Total life events scores were higher (Median [M] = 29 and Interquartile range [IQR] = 18-43) in patients with one or more polyps compared to patients without polyps (M, IQR = 21,13-38; P = 0.029). Total, positive or negative Life Events scores did not differ significantly between normal and adenoma patients. Total, negative and positive Life Events scores did not differ between patients who underwent diagnostic colonoscopy (symptomatic) and patients who underwent colonoscopy for colon cancer screening (asymptomatic) and patients for surveillance colonoscopies due to a personal history of colon polyps. Linear regression analysis indicated that male gender is associated with 9.0 unit lower total Life Events score (P = 0.025). This study suggests that patients who experienced total life events may be at higher risk of having colon polyps and adenomas which indicates an association between stress and the development of colorectal polyps.
Revealing Type Ia supernova physics with cosmic rates and nuclear gamma rays
Creators: name: Horiuchi, Shunsaku
name: Beacom, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) remain mysterious despite their central importance in cosmology and their rapidly increasing discovery rate. The progenitors of SNIa can be probed by the delay time between progenitor birth and explosion as SNIa. The explosions and progenitors of SNIa can be probed by MeV nuclear gamma rays emitted in the decays of radioactive nickel and cobalt into iron. We compare the cosmic star formation and SNIa rates, finding that their different redshift evolution requires a large fraction of SNIa to have large delay times. A delay time distribution of the form t^{-1.0 +/- 0.3} provides a good fit, implying 50% of SNIa explode more than ~ 1 Gyr after progenitor birth. The extrapolation of the cosmic SNIa rate to z = 0 agrees with the rate we deduce from catalogs of local SNIa. We investigate prospects for gamma-ray telescopes to exploit the facts that escaping gamma rays directly reveal the power source of SNIa and uniquely provide tomography of the expanding ejecta. We find large improvements relative to earlier studies by Gehrels et al. in 1987 and Timmes & Woosley in 1997 due to larger and more certain SNIa rates and advances in gamma-ray detectors. The proposed Advanced Compton Telescope, with a narrow-line sensitivity ~ 60 times better than that of current satellites, would, on an annual basis, detect up to ~ 100 SNIa (3 sigma) and provide revolutionary model discrimination for SNIa within 20 Mpc, with gamma-ray light curves measured with ~ 10 sigma significance daily for ~ 100 days. Even more modest improvements in detector sensitivity would open a new and invaluable astronomy with frequent SNIa gamma-ray detections.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables; accepted for publication in ApJ; published version with references updated
Pressure and volume in the first law of black hole thermodynamics
Creators: name: Dolan, Brian P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass of a black hole is interpreted, in terms of thermodynamic potentials, as being the enthalpy, with the pressure given by the cosmological constant. The volume is then defined as being the Legendre transform of the pressure and the resulting relation between volume and pressure is explored in the case of positive pressure. A virial expansion is developed and a van der Waals like critical point determined. The first law of black hole thermodynamics includes a PdV term which modifies the maximal efficiency of a Penrose process. It is shown that, in four dimensional space-time with a negative cosmological constant an extremal charged rotating black hole can have an efficiency of up to 75%, while for an electrically neutral rotating back hole this figure is reduced to 52%, compared to the corresponding values of 50% and 29% respectively when the cosmological constant is zero.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures, minor typos corrected and references updated in v3
Equal Living
Creators: name: Cain, Rachel
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Designing with everyone in mind is a phenomenon that is talked about often but is either hit or missed when executed. When it comes to the blind and visually impaired, sensitivity in design needs to be heightened. Factors such as limited access to activities and information, societal stigmas and lack of employment, frequently lead blind and low vision individuals to isolation. The major sensory organ of a person is their eyes and with only this sense one can identify with, and maneuver the information in the environment. The amount of readable material in public spaces that are accessible are often limited to restroom signs, ATM’s and phone booths, while signs that may lead you to these same places ironically are not. Through this thesis, the inaccessible built and physical environment will be brought to light, and new tactics and design methods will be established in order to help those with vision impairments regain their independence in society
Complex critical exponents for percolation transitions in Josephson-junction arrays, antiferromagnets, and interacting bosons
Creators: name: Fernandes, Rafael M.
name: Schmalian, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the critical behavior of quantum systems undergoing a percolation transition is dramatically affected by their topological Berry phase $2πρ$. For irrational $ρ$, we demonstrate that the low-energy excitations of diluted Josephson-junctions arrays, quantum antiferromagnets, and interacting bosons are spinless fermions with fractal spectrum. As a result, critical properties not captured by the usual Ginzburg-Landau-Wilson description of phase transitions emerge, such as complex critical exponents, log-periodic oscillations and dynamically broken scale-invariance.
description: revised version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Cosmological Einstein-Maxwell Instantons and Euclidean Supersymmetry: Anti-Self-Dual Solutions
Creators: name: Dunajski, Maciej
name: Gutowski, Jan
name: Sabra, Wafic
name: Tod, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We classify super-symmetric solutions of the minimal $N=2$ gauged Euclidean supergravity in four dimensions. The solutions with anti-self-dual Maxwell field give rise to anti-self-dual Einstein metrics given in terms of solutions to the $SU(\infty)$ Toda equation and more general three-dimensional Einstein--Weyl structures. Euclidean Kastor--Traschen metrics are also characterised by the existence of a certain super covariantly constant spinor.
description: Final version - to appear in CQG. Small changes in the manuscript and the title
Network component analysis provides quantitative insights on an Arabidopsis transcription factor-gene regulatory network
Creators: name: Misra, Ashish
name: Sriram, Ganesh
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2013
Subjects: Gene Expression Data
Transcription Factor Activity
Shoot Apical Meristem
Floral Development
Gene Expression Dataset

description: Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) are models of molecule-gene interactions instrumental in the coordination of gene expression. Transcription factor (TF)-GRNs are an important subset of GRNs that characterize gene expression as the effect of TFs acting on their target genes. Although such networks can qualitatively summarize TF-gene interactions, it is highly desirable to quantitatively determine the strengths of the interactions in a TF-GRN as well as the magnitudes of TF activities. To our knowledge, such analysis is rare in plant biology. A computational methodology developed for this purpose is network component analysis (NCA), which has been used for studying large-scale microbial TF-GRNs to obtain nontrivial, mechanistic insights. In this work, we employed NCA to quantitatively analyze a plant TF-GRN important in floral development using available regulatory information from AGRIS, by processing previously reported gene expression data from four shoot apical meristem cell types. The NCA model satisfactorily accounted for gene expression measurements in a TF-GRN of seven TFs (LFY, AG, SEPALLATA3 [SEP3], AP2, AGL15, HY5 and AP3/PI) and 55 genes. NCA found strong interactions between certain TF-gene pairs including LFY → MYB17, AG → CRC, AP2 → RD20, AGL15 → RAV2 and HY5 → HLH1, and the direction of the interaction (activation or repression) for some AGL15 targets for which this information was not previously available. The activity trends of four TFs - LFY, AG, HY5 and AP3/PI as deduced by NCA correlated well with the changes in expression levels of the genes encoding these TFs across all four cell types; such a correlation was not observed for SEP3, AP2 and AGL15. For the first time, we have reported the use of NCA to quantitatively analyze a plant TF-GRN important in floral development for obtaining nontrivial information about connectivity strengths between TFs and their target genes as well as TF activity. However, since NCA relies on documented connectivity information about the underlying TF-GRN, it is currently limited in its application to larger plant networks because of the lack of documented connectivities. In the future, the identification of interactions between plant TFs and their target genes on a genome scale would allow the use of NCA to provide quantitative regulatory information about plant TF-GRNs, leading to improved insights on cellular regulatory programs.
Fermi-Liquid Behavior of the Normal Phase of a Strongly Interacting Gas of Cold Atoms
Creators: name: Nascimbène, Sylvain
name: Navon, Nir
name: Pilati, Sebastiano
name: Chevy, Frédéric
name: Giorgini, Stefano
name: Georges, Antoine
name: Salomon, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the magnetic susceptibility of a Fermi gas with tunable interactions in the low-temperature limit and compare it to quantum Monte Carlo calculations. Experiment and theory are in excellent agreement and fully compatible with the Landau theory of Fermi liquids. We show that these measure- ments shed new light on the nature of the excitations of the normal phase of a strongly interacting Fermi gas.
Spatial disparity in the distribution of superfund sites in South Carolina: an ecological study
Creators: name: Burwell-Naney, Kristen
name: Zhang, Hongmei
name: Samantapudi, Ashok
name: Jiang, Chengsheng
name: Dalemarre, Laura
name: Rice, LaShanta
name: Williams, Edith
name: Wilson, Sacoby
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2013
Subjects: Geographic Information System
Census Tract
High School Education
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Environmental Justice

description: According to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Superfund is a federal government program implemented to clean up uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. Twenty-six sites in South Carolina (SC) have been included on the National Priorities List (NPL), which has serious human health and environmental implications. The purpose of this study was to assess spatial disparities in the distribution of Superfund sites in SC. The 2000 US census tract and block level data were used to generate population characteristics, which included race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), education, home ownership, and home built before 1950. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used to map Superfund facilities and develop choropleth maps based on the aforementioned sociodemographic variables. Spatial methods, including mean and median distance analysis, buffer analysis, and spatial approximation were employed to characterize burden disparities. Regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between the number of Superfund facilities and population characteristics. Spatial coincidence results showed that of the 29.5% of Blacks living in SC, 55.9% live in Superfund host census tracts. Among all populations in SC living below poverty (14.2%), 57.2% were located in Superfund host census tracts. Buffer analyses results (0.5mi, 1.0mi, 5.0mi, 0.5km, 1.0km, and 5.0km) showed a higher percentage of Whites compared to Blacks hosting a Superfund facility. Conversely, a slightly higher percentage of Blacks hosted (30.2%) a Superfund facility than those not hosting (28.8%) while their White counterparts had more equivalent values (66.7% and 67.8%, respectively). Regression analyses in the reduced model (Adj. R2 = 0.038) only explained a small percentage of the variance. In addition, the mean distance for percent of Blacks in the 90th percentile for Superfund facilities was 0.48mi. Burden disparities exist in the distribution of Superfund facilities in SC at the block and census tract levels across varying levels of demographic composition for race/ethnicity and SES.
Graded Orbital Occupation near Interfaces in a La2NiO4 - La2CuO4 Superlattice
Creators: name: Smadici, S.
name: Lee, J. C. T.
name: Morales, J.
name: Logvenov, G.
name: Pelleg, O.
name: Bozovic, I.
name: Zhu, Y.
name: Abbamonte, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray absorption spectroscopy and resonant soft x-ray reflectivity show a non-uniform distribution of oxygen holes in a La2NiO4 - La2CuO4 (LNO-LCO) superlattice, with excess holes concentrated in the LNO layers. Weak ferromagnetism with Tc = 160 K suggests a coordinated tilting of NiO6 octahedra, similar to that of bulk LNO. Ni d3z2-r2 orbitals within the LNO layers have a spatially variable occupation. This variation of the Ni valence near LNO-LCO interfaces is observed with resonant soft x-ray reflectivity at the Ni L edge, at a reflection suppressed by the symmetry of the structure, and is possible through graded doping with holes, due to oxygen interstitials taken up preferentially by inner LNO layers. Since the density of oxygen atoms in the structure can be smoothly varied with standard procedures, this orbital occupation, robust up to at least 280 K, is tunable.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
On a class of n-Leibniz deformations of the simple Filippov algebras
Creators: name: de Azcarraga, J. A.
name: Izquierdo, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the problem of the infinitesimal deformations of all real, simple, finite-dimensional Filippov (or n-Lie) algebras, considered as a class of n-Leibniz algebras characterized by having an n-bracket skewsymmetric in its n-1 first arguments. We prove that all n>3 simple finite-dimensional Filippov algebras are rigid as n-Leibniz algebras of this class. This rigidity also holds for the Leibniz deformations of the semisimple n=2 Filippov (i.e., Lie) algebras. The n=3 simple FAs, however, admit a non-trivial one-parameter infinitesimal 3-Leibniz algebra deformation. We also show that the $n\geq 3$ simple Filippov algebras do not admit non-trivial central extensions as n-Leibniz algebras of the above class.
description: 19 pages, 30 refs., no figures. Some text rearrangements for better clarity, misprints corrected. To appear in J. Math. Phys
Tracing the Hercules stream around the Galaxy
Creators: name: Bovy, Jo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been proposed that the Hercules stream, a group of co-moving stars in the Solar neighborhood offset from the bulk of the velocity distribution, is the result of resonant interactions between stars in the outer disk and the Galactic bar. So far it has only been seen in the immediate Solar neighborhood, but the resonance model makes a prediction over a large fraction of the Galactic disk. I predict the distribution of stellar velocities and the changing Hercules feature in this distribution as a function of location in the Galactic disk in a simple model for the Galaxy and the bar that produces the observed Hercules stream. The Hercules feature is expected to be strong enough to be unambiguously detected in the distribution of line-of-sight velocities in selected directions. I identify quantitatively the most promising lines of sight for detection in line-of-sight velocities using the Kullback-Leibler divergence between the predictions of the resonance model and an axisymmetric model; these directions are at 250 deg
Evolution of an adaptive behavior and its sensory receptors promotes eye regression in blind cavefish: response to Borowsky (2013)
Creators: name: Yoshizawa, Masato
name: O’Quin, Kelly E
name: Jeffery, William R
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2013
Subjects: Animal behavior
Regressive evolution
Constructive evolution
Neuromast
Tradeoff
Pleiotropy
Quantitative trait locus
Eye
QTL cluster
Adaptation

description: Vibration attraction behavior (VAB) is the swimming of fish toward an oscillating object, a behavior that is likely adaptive because it increases foraging efficiency in darkness. VAB is seen in a small proportion of Astyanax surface-dwelling populations (surface fish) but is pronounced in cave-dwelling populations (cavefish). In a recent study, we identified two quantitative trait loci for VAB on Astyanax linkage groups 2 and 17. We also demonstrated that a small population of superficial neuromast sensors located within the eye orbit (EO SN) facilitate VAB, and two quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified for EO SN that were congruent with those for VAB. Finally, we showed that both VAB and EO SN are negatively correlated with eye size, and that two (of several) QTL for eye size overlap VAB and EO SN QTLs. From these results, we concluded that the adaptive evolution of VAB and EO SN has contributed to the indirect loss of eyes in cavefish, either as a result of pleiotropy or tight physical linkage of the mutations underlying these traits. In a subsequent commentary, Borowsky argues that there is poor experimental support for our conclusions. Specifically, Borowsky states that: (1) linkage groups (LGs) 2 and 17 harbor QTL for many traits and, therefore, no evidence exists for an exclusive interaction among the overlapping VAB, EO SN and eye size QTL; (2) some of the QTL we identified are too broad (>20 cM) to support the hypothesis of correlated evolution due to pleiotropy or hitchhiking; and (3) VAB is unnecessary to explain the indirect evolution of eye-loss since the negative polarity of numerous eye QTL is consistent with direct selection against eyes. Borowsky further argues that (4) it is difficult to envision an evolutionary scenario whereby VAB and EO SN drive eye loss, since the eyes must first be reduced in order to increase the number of EO SN and, therefore, VAB. In this response, we explain why the evidence of one trait influencing eye reduction is stronger for VAB than other traits, and provide further support for a scenario whereby elaboration of VAB in surface fish may precede complete eye-loss.
title:  Fabrizio Battistelli, La sicurezza e la sua ombra. Terrorismo, panico e costruzione della minaccia, Donzelli, Roma, 2016, pp. 290
Creators: name: Antonelli , Francesco
Publisher: name: RomaTrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: Democrazia e Sicurezza – 2016, n. 3
Biased total mass of cool core galaxy clusters by Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect measurements
Creators: name: Conte, A.
name: De Petris, M.
name: Comis, B.
name: Lamagna, L.
name: De Gregori, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sunyaev Zel'dovich (SZ) effect from galaxy clusters is one of the most powerful cosmological tools for investigating the large-scale Universe. The big advantage of the SZ effect is its redshift independence, which is not the case for visible and X-ray observations. It allows us to directly estimate the cluster's total mass from the integrated comptonization parameter Y, even for distant clusters. However, not having a full knowing intra-cluster medium (ICM) physics can affect the results. By taking self-similar temperature and density profiles of the ICM into account, we studied how different ICM morphologies can affect the cluster total mass estimation. With the help of the high percentage of cool core (CC) clusters, as observed so far, the present analysis focuses on studying this class of objects. A sample of eight nearby (0.1 < z < 0.5) and high-mass (M > 10^(14) M_sun) clusters observed by Chandra was considered. We simulated SZ observations of these clusters through X-ray derived information and analyzed the mock SZ data again with the simplistic assumption of an isothermal beta-model profile for the ICM. The bias on the recovered cluster total mass using different sets of assumptions is estimated to be 50% higher in the case of hydrostatic equilibrium. Possible contributions to the total bias due to the line-of-sight integration and the considered ICM template are taken into account. The large biases on total mass recovery firmly support, if still necessary, cluster modeling based on more sophisticated universal profiles as derived by X-ray observations of local objects and hydrodynamical simulations.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures; minor revisions. Accepted for publication in A&A
Illustrating the Geometry of Coherently Controlled Quantum Channels
Creators: name: O'Meara, C.
name: Dirr, G.
name: Schulte-Herbrueggen, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend standard Markovian open quantum systems (quantum channels) by allowing for Hamiltonian controls and elucidate their geometry in terms of Lie semigroups. For standard dissipative interactions with the environment and different coherent controls, we particularly specify the tangent cones (Lie wedges) of the respective Lie semigroups of quantum channels. These cones are the counterpart of the infinitesimal generator of a single one-parameter semigroup. They comprise all directions the underlying open quantum system can be steered to and thus give insight into the geometry of controlled open quantum dynamics. Such a differential characterisation is highly valuable for approximating reachable sets of given initial quantum states in a plethora of experimental implementations.
description: condensed and updated version; 14 pages; comments welcome
Fermi's golden rule applied to the gamma decay in the quasicontinuum of 46Ti
Creators: name: Guttormsen, M.
name: Larsen, A. C.
name: Buerger, A.
name: Goergen, A.
name: Harissopulos, S.
name: Kmiecik, M.
name: Konstantinopoulos, T.
name: Krticka, M.
name: Lagoyannis, A.
name: Loennroth, T.
name: Mazurek, K.
name: Norrby, M.
name: Nyhus, H. T.
name: Schiller, G. Perdikakis A.
name: Siem, S.
name: Spyrou, A.
name: Syed, N. U. H.
name: Toft, H. K.
name: Tveten, G. M.
name: Voinov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle-gamma coincidences from the 46Ti(p,p' gamma)46Ti inelastic scattering reaction with 15-MeV protons are utilized to obtain gamma-ray spectra as a function of excitation energy. The rich data set allows analyzing the coincidence data with various gates on excitation energy. This enables, for many independent data sets, a simultaneous extraction of level density and radiative strength function (RSF). The results are consistent with one common level density. The data seem to exhibit a universal RSF as the deduced RSFs from different excitation energies show only small fluctuations provided that only excitation energies above 3 MeV are taken into account. If transitions to well-separated low-energy levels are included, the deduced RSF may change by a factor of 2-3, which might be expected due to the involved Porter-Thomas fluctuations.
description: 11 pages and 12 figures
Non-Pauli Effects from Noncommutative Spacetimes
Creators: name: Balachandran, A. P.
name: Padmanabhan, Pramod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noncommutative spacetimes lead to nonlocal quantum field theories (qft's) where spin-statistics theorems cannot be proved. For this reason, and also backed by detailed arguments, it has been suggested that they get corrected on such spacetimes leading to small violations of the Pauli principle. In a recent paper \cite{Pauli}, Pauli-forbidden transitions from spacetime noncommutativity were calculated and confronted with experiments. Here we give details of the computation missing from this paper. The latter was based on a spacetime $\mathcal{B}_{χ\vec{n}}$ different from the Moyal plane. We argue that it quantizes time in units of $χ$. Energy is then conserved only mod $\frac{2π}χ$. Issues related to superselection rules raised by non-Pauli effects are also discussed in a preliminary manner.
description: 15 Pages, 1 Table, Full details and further developments of arXiv:1003.2250. This version is close to the one accepted by JHEP
Efficient decoherence-free entanglement distribution over lossy quantum channels
Creators: name: Ikuta, Rikizo
name: Ono, Yohei
name: Tashima, Toshiyuki
name: Yamamoto, Takashi
name: Koashi, Masato
name: Imoto, Nobuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and demonstrate a scheme for boosting up the efficiency of entanglement distribution based on a decoherence-free subspace (DFS) over lossy quantum channels. By using backward propagation of a coherent light, our scheme achieves an entanglement-sharing rate that is proportional to the transmittance T of the quantum channel in spite of encoding qubits in multipartite systems for the DFS. We experimentally show that highly entangled states, which can violate the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality, are distributed at a rate proportional to T.
description: 5pages, 5figures
The metallicity dependence of the CO {\rightarrow} H_2 conversion factor in z>1 star forming galaxies
Creators: name: Genzel, R.
name: Tacconi, L. J.
name: Combes, F.
name: Bolatto, A.
name: Neri, R.
name: Sternberg, A.
name: Cooper, M. C.
name: Bouche, N.
name: Bournaud, F.
name: Burkert, A.
name: Comerford, J.
name: Cox, P.
name: Davis, M.
name: Schreiber, N. M. Foerster
name: Garcia-Burillo, S.
name: Gracia-Carpio, J.
name: Lutz, D.
name: Naab, T.
name: Newman, S.
name: Saintonge, A.
name: Shapiro, K.
name: Shapley, A.
name: Weiner, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the first systematic samples of CO millimeter emission in z>1 'main-sequence' star forming galaxies (SFGs) to study the metallicity dependence of the conversion factor αCO, from CO line luminosity to molecular gas mass. The molecular gas depletion rate inferred from the ratio of the star formation rate (SFR) to CO luminosity, is ~1 Gyr-1 for near-solar metallicity galaxies with stellar masses above M_S~1e11 M_sun. In this regime the depletion rate does not vary more than a factor of two to three as a function of molecular gas surface density, or redshift between z~0 and 2. Below M_S the depletion rate increases rapidly with decreasing metallicity. We argue that this trend is not caused by starburst events, by changes in the physical parameters of the molecular clouds, or by the impact of the fundamental metallicity-SFR-stellar mass relation. A more probable explanation is that the conversion factor is metallicity dependent and that star formation can occur in 'CO-dark' gas. The trend is also expected theoretically from the effect of enhanced photodissociation of CO by ultraviolet radiation at low metallicity. From the available z~0 and z~1-3 samples we constrain the slope of the log(αCO) -log (metallicity) relation to range between -1 and -2, fairly insensitive to the assumed slope of the gas-star formation rate relation. Because of the lower metallicities near the peak of the galaxy formation activity at z~1-2 compared to z~0, we suggest that molecular gas masses estimated from CO luminosities have to be substantially corrected upward for galaxies below M_S.
description: ApJ in press
MPEC 2023-X138 : 2023 XO3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 XO3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
An in-depth study of grid-based asteroseismic analysis
Creators: name: Gai, Ning
name: Basu, Sarbani
name: Chaplin, William J.
name: Elsworth, Yvonne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NASA's Kepler mission is providing basic asteroseismic data for hundreds of stars. One of the more common ways of determining stellar characteristics from these data is by so-called "grid based" modelling. We have made a detailed study of grid-based analysis techniques to study the errors (and error-correlations) involved. As had been reported earlier, we find that it is relatively easy to get very precise values of stellar radii using grid-based techniques. However, we find that there are small, but significant, biases that can result because of the grid of models used. The biases can be minimized if metallicity is known. Masses cannot be determined as precisely as the radii, and suffer from larger systematic effects. We also find that the errors in mass and radius are correlated. A positive consequence of this correlation is that log g can be determined both precisely and accurately with almost no systematic biases. Radii and log g can be determined with almost no model dependence to within 5% for realistic estimates of error in asteroseismic and conventional observations. Errors in mass can be somewhat higher unless accurate metallicity estimates are available. Age estimates of individual stars are the most model dependent. The errors are larger too. However, we find that for star-clusters, it is possible to get a relatively precise age if one assumes that all stars in a given cluster have the same age.
description: ApJ, in press
No evidence for gamma-ray halos around active galactic nuclei resulting from intergalactic magnetic fields
Creators: name: Neronov, A.
name: Semikoz, D. V.
name: Tinyakov, P. G.
name: Tkachev, I. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the gamma-ray halo around stacked AGNs reported in Ap.J.Lett., 2010, 722, L39. First, we show that the angular distribution of gamma-rays around the stacked AGNs is consistent with the angular distribution of the gamma-rays around the Crab pulsar, which is a point source for Fermi/LAT. This makes it unlikely that the halo is caused by an electromagnetic cascade of TeV photons in the intergalactic space. We then compare the angular distribution of gamma-rays around the stacked AGNs with the point-spread function (PSF) of Fermi/LAT and confirm the existence of an excess above the PSF. However, we demonstrate that the magnitude and the angular size of this effect is different for photons converted in the front and back parts of the Fermi/LAT instrument, and thus is an instrumental effect.
description: accepted to A&A
Spectral properties of the three-dimensional Hubbard model
Creators: name: Fuchs, Sebastian
name: Gull, Emanuel
name: Troyer, Matthias
name: Jarrell, Mark
name: Pruschke, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present momentum resolved single-particle spectra for the three-dimensional Hubbard model for the paramagnetic and antiferromagnetically ordered phase obtained within the dynamical cluster approximation. The effective cluster problem is solved by continuous-time Quantum Monte Carlo simulations. The absence of a time discretization error and the ability to perform Monte Carlo measurements directly in Matsubara frequencies enable us to analytically continue the self-energies by maximum entropy, which is essential to obtain momentum resolved spectral functions for the N'eel state. We investigate the dependence on temperature and interaction strength and the effect of magnetic frustration introduced by a next-nearest neighbor hopping. One particular question we address here is the influence of the frustrating interaction on the metal insulator transition of the three-dimensional Hubbard model.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures
Anacamptis longicornu a-t-il disparu de France continentale ?
Creators: name: Romieg Soca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008

description: Nicole M. & Souche R., 2008. Anacamptis longicornu a-t-il disparu de France continentale ? L'Orchidophile 40(178): 179-187.
Generating coherent state of entangled spins
Creators: name: Yu, Hongyi
name: Luo, Yu
name: Yao, Wang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A coherent state of many spins contains quantum entanglement which increases with a decrease in the collective spin value. We present a scheme to engineer this class of pure state based on incoherent spin pumping with a few collective raising/lowering operators. In a pumping scenario aimed for maximum entanglement, the steady-state of N pumped spin qubits realizes the ideal resource for the 1 to N/2 quantum telecloning. We show how the scheme can be implemented in a realistic system of atomic spin qubits in optical lattice. Error analysis show that high fidelity state engineering is possible for N ~ O(100) spins in the presence of decoherence. The scheme can also prepare a resource state for the secret sharing protocol and for the construction of large scale Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki (AKLT) state.
description: updated version to appear on Phys. Rev. A
DFT-based many-body analysis of electron transport through molecules
Creators: name: Mirjani, Fatemeh
name: Thijssen, Joseph M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method which uses density functional theory (DFT) to treat transport through a single molecule connected to two conducting leads for the weak and intermediate coupling. This case is not accessible to standard non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) calculations. Our method is based on a mapping of the Hamiltonian on the molecule to a limited set of many-body eigenstates. This generates a many-body Hamiltonian with parameters obtained from ground state L(S)DA-DFT calculations. We then calculate the transport using many-body Green's function theory. We compare our results with existing density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) calculations for spinless and for spin-1/2 fermion chains and find good agreement.
description: 12 pages Phys. Rev. B 83, 035415 (2011)
Dynamics of a quantum quench in an ultra-cold atomic BCS superfluid
Creators: name: Chien, Chih-Chun
name: Damski, Bogdan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dynamics of an ultra-cold atomic BCS superfluid driven towards the BCS superfluid-Fermi liquid quantum critical point by a gradual decrease of the pairing interaction. We analyze how the BCS superfluid falls out of equilibrium and show that the non-equilibrium gap and Cooper pair size reflect critical properties of the transition. We observe three stages of evolution: adiabatic where the Cooper pair size is inversely proportional to the equilibrium gap, weakly non-equilibrium where it is inversely proportional to the non-equilibrium gap, and strongly non-equilibrium where it decouples from both equilibrium and non-equilibrium gap. These phenomena should stimulate future experimental characterization of non-equilibrium ultra-cold atomic BCS superfluids.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, to appear in PRA