cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A note on the Guerra and Talagrand theorems for Mean Field Spin Glasses: the simple case of spherical models
Creators: name: Franz, Silvio
name: Tria, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this paper is to discuss the main ideas of the Talagrand proof of the Parisi Ansatz for the free-energy of Mean Field Spin Glasses with a physicist's approach. We consider the case of the spherical $p$-spin model, which has the following advantages: 1) the Parisi Ansatz takes the simple ``one step replica symmetry breaking form'', 2) the replica free-energy as a function of the order parameters is simple enough to allow for numerical maximization with arbitrary precision. We present the essential ideas of the proof, we stress its connections with the theory of effective potentials for glassy systems, and we reduce the technically more difficult part of the Talagrand's analysis to an explicit evaluation of the solution of a variational problem.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures. Added references and minor language corrections
Phase Diagram and Structure Map of Binary Nanoparticle Superlattices from a Lennard-Jones Model
Creators: name: Ren, Shang
name: Sun, Yang
name: Zhang, Feng
name: Travesset, Alex
name: Wang, Cai-Zhuang
name: Ho, Kai-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A first principle prediction of the binary nanoparticle phase diagram assembled by solvent evaporation has eluded theoretical approaches. In this paper, we show that a binary system interacting through Lennard-Jones (LJ) potential contains all experimental phases in which nanoparticles are effectively described as quasi hard spheres. We report a phase diagram consisting of 53 equilibrium phases, whose stability is quite insensitive to the microscopic details of the potentials, thus giving rise to some type of universality. Furthermore, we show that binary lattices may be understood as consisting of certain particle clusters, i.e. motifs, which provide a generalization of the four conventional Frank-Kasper polyhedral units. Our results show that meta-stable phases share the very same motifs as equilibrium phases. We discuss the connection with packing models, phase diagrams with repulsive potentials and the prediction of likely experimental superlattices.
DISCUSSANT'S COMMENTS FOR AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION ANNUAL MEETING, SELECTED PAPERS SESSION SP-2N, "FACTORS AFFECTING DEMAND FOR FOOD ITEMS"
Creators: name: Gould, Brian W.
name: Gould, Brian W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Demand and Price Analysis

description: This session investigates the impact of economic, social, and demographic factors as well as the food stamp program on the demand for food items. Papers include: Dairy Expenditures and the Changing Racial Composition of the United States, Donald McDowell, North Carolina A&T State University; Joyce Allen-Smith, University of Illinois; Raphael Okafor, North Carolina A&T State University. The Effect of Changes in Tastes, Availability, Demographics, and Prices on Consumption of Fast Foods, Mark Jekanowski, James Binkley, James Eales, Purdue University. Income, Food Stamps, WIC, and Adherence to the Food Guide Pyramid Recommendations, Paul McNamara, Parke Wilde, and Christine Ranney. Retail Demand for Whole vs. Low-Fat Milk: New Perspectives on Loss Leader Pricing, Geoffrey Greenand John L. Park, Cornell University.
title: Annotated bibliography on snow drifting and its control
Creators: name: Williams, G. P.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Division Of Building Research
Year: 1974
Subjects: subject: snow drifts
subject: congère
subject: snow barriers
subject: barrière à neige
subject: wind tunnels
subject: tunnel aèrodynamique
subject: transportation systems
subject: système de transport
subject: buildings
subject: bâtiment

description: In 1968, the Division of Building Research published an annotated bibliography on Snow Drifting and Its Control (No. 38) which included references available up to June 1964. Since then, many new references have become available. It was decided, therefore, to issue this second bibliography of all new material up to June 1973. A few of the more useful references from Bibliography No. 38 are included to make this edition a reasonably complete, up-to-date compilation of the published information available on Snow Drifting and Its Control.
description: En 1968, la Division des recherches en bâtiment a publié une bibliographie analytique sur la poudrerie basse et son contrôle (no 38), laquelle comprenait les lectures de référence disponibles sur le sujet avant juin 1964. Depuis ce temps, de nombreuses nouvelles lectures de référence sont devenues disponibles. Nous avons donc décidé de publier cette deuxième bibliographie couvrant toute la nouvelle documentation publiée jusqu'au mois de juin 1973. Quelques-unes des lectures de référence les plus utiles de la Bibliographie no 38 ont toutefois été incluses ici afin que cette édition représente un dépouillement à jour et raisonnablement complet de la documentation publiée portant sur la poudrerie basse et son contrôle.
title: Основы межкультурной коммуникации
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Вузовское образование
Year: 2021

description: В данном практикуме материал с заданиями расположен в трех модулях, первых из них посвящен лингвокультурологическому потенциалу латинского и древнегреческого языков, второй и третий содержат материалы, способствующие формированию у студентов коммуникативной компетенции и межкультурной сенситивности. Подготовлен в соответствии с Федеральным государственным образовательным стандартом высшего образования. Предназначен для студентов 1–2 курсов направления подготовки 44.03.01 «Педагогическое образование» (профиль «Иностранный язык»), изучающих дисциплины «Коммуникация в современном поликультурном пространстве», «Основы межкультурной коммуникации», «Межкультурная коммуникация».
PREEMPTIVE HABITAT DESTRUCTION AND THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT: THE CASE OF THE RED-COCKADED WOODPECKER
Creators: name: Michael, Jeffrey A.
name: Michael, Jeffrey A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Industrial Organization

description: An economic model illustrating a southern forest landowner's incentive to increase timber harvest in response to the risk of red-cockaded woodpecker colonization and subsequent regulation under the Endangered Species Act is developed. The empirical results show that industrial landownders respond to these incentives, whereas non-industrial private forest landowners do not.
Infall of galaxies onto groups
Creators: name: Santucho, M. V.
name: Ceccarelli, M. L.
name: Lambas, D. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Growth of the structure in the Universe manifest as accretion flows of galaxies onto groups and clusters. Thus, the present day properties of groups and their member galaxies are influenced by the characteristics of this continuous infall pattern. Several works both theoretical, in numerical simulations, and in observations, study this process and provide useful steps for a better understanding of galaxy systems and their evolution. We aim at exploring the streaming flow of galaxies onto groups using observational peculiar velocity data. The effects of distance uncertainties are also analyzed as well as the relation between the infall pattern and group and environment properties.This work deals with analysis of peculiar velocity data and their projection on the direction to group centers, to determine the mean galaxy infall flow. We applied this analysis to the galaxies and groups extracted from the Cosmicflows-3 catalog. We also use mock catalogs derived from numerical simulations to explore the effects of distance uncertainties on the derivation of the galaxy velocity flow onto groups. We determine the infalling velocity field onto galaxy groups with cz < 0.033 using peculiar velocity data. We measure the mean infall velocity onto group samples of different mass range, and also explore the impact of the environment where the group reside. Well beyond the group virial radius, the surrounding large-scale galaxy overdensity may impose additional infalling streaming amplitudes in the range 200 to 400 km s$^{-1}$. Also, we find that groups in samples with a well controlled galaxy density environment show an increasing infalling velocity amplitude with group mass, consistent with the predictions of the linear model. These results from observational data are in excellent agreement with those derived from the mock catalogs.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
CULTIVATING CREATIVITY AND COGNITIVE SKILLS - THE HOLISTIC APPROACH TO FORMAL EDUCATION IN JAPAN
Creators: name: Brandl, Edenilson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Formal education
Japan
Art education
Spatial thinking
Ethical reasoning
Technology integration
Parental involvement
Early childhood education
Special education
Multifaceted approach

description: This article delves into the intricate facets of formal education in Japan, exploring the nation's holistic approach to cultivating well-rounded individuals. The focus extends beyond traditional academic pursuits, encompassing art education, spatial thinking development, ethical reasoning, technological integration, and parental involvement. The article examines how Japan's commitment to creativity, cognitive skills, and ethical values aligns with global educational trends. The integration of technology, resilience education, and sustainability values further highlights Japan's dedication to preparing students for the complexities of the modern world. The discussion expands into early childhood and special education, revealing innovative practices that position Japan as a trailblazer in progressive and comprehensive formal education. The narrative unfolds through the lenses of parental engagement, teacher contributions, and governmental initiatives, showcasing a collaborative and integrated approach to shaping the educational landscape in Japan.

 

 

Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit den komplizierten Facetten der formalen Bildung in Japan und untersucht den ganzheitlichen Ansatz des Landes zur Förderung vielseitiger Persönlichkeiten. Der Schwerpunkt geht über traditionelle akademische Aktivitäten hinaus und umfasst Kunsterziehung, Entwicklung des räumlichen Denkens, ethisches Denken, technologische Integration und Einbeziehung der Eltern. Der Artikel untersucht, wie Japans Engagement für Kreativität, kognitive Fähigkeiten und ethische Werte mit globalen Bildungstrends übereinstimmt. Die Integration von Technologie, Resilienzbildung und Nachhaltigkeitswerten unterstreicht Japans Engagement, Schüler auf die Komplexität der modernen Welt vorzubereiten. Die Diskussion erstreckt sich auf die frühe Kindheit und Sonderpädagogik und enthüllt innovative Praktiken, die Japan als Vorreiter in der fortschrittlichen und umfassenden formalen Bildung positionieren. Die Erzählung entfaltet sich durch die Linse des elterlichen Engagements, der Beiträge der Lehrer und staatlicher Initiativen und zeigt einen kollaborativen und integrierten Ansatz zur Gestaltung der Bildungslandschaft in Japan.
Robust estimation for small domains in business surveys
Creators: name: Smith, Paul A.
name: Bocci, Chiara
name: Tzavidis, Nikos
name: Krieg, Sabine
name: Smeets, Marc J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Small area (or small domain) estimation is still rarely applied in business statistics, because of challenges arising from the skewness and variability of variables such as turnover. We examine a range of small area estimation methods as the basis for estimating the activity of industries within the retail sector in the Netherlands. We use tax register data and a sampling procedure which replicates the sampling for the retail sector of Statistics Netherlands' Structural Business Survey as a basis for investigating the properties of small area estimators. In particular, we consider the use of the EBLUP under a random effects model and variations of the EBLUP derived under (a) a random effects model that includes a complex specification for the level 1 variance and (b) a random effects model that is fitted by using the survey weights. Although accounting for the survey weights in estimation is important, the impact of influential data points remains the main challenge in this case. The paper further explores the use of outlier robust estimators in business surveys, in particular a robust version of the EBLUP, M-regression based synthetic estimators, and M-quantile small area estimators. The latter family of small area estimators includes robust projective (without and with survey weights) and robust predictive versions. M-quantile methods have the lowest empirical mean squared error and are substantially better than direct estimators, though there is an open question about how to choose the tuning constant for bias adjustment in practice. The paper makes a further contribution by exploring a doubly robust approach comprising the use of survey weights in conjunction with outlier robust methods in small area estimation.
NEW VARIETIES AND THE RETURNS TO COMMODITY PROMOTION: WASHINGTON FUJI APPLES
Creators: name: Richards, Timothy J.
name: Patterson, Paul M.
name: Richards, Timothy J.
name: Patterson, Paul M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The Fugi apple variety is relatively new in the U.S. As a new product, questions concern the relative impact of consumer learning by experience, by variety-specific promotion, or by generic apple promotion. Estimates show each to have a positive impact. Changes in producer surplus provide a base-scenario benefit-cost ratio of 11.98.
Lattice Delone simplices with super-exponential volume
Creators: name: Santos, F.
name: Schuermann, A.
name: Vallentin, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B20 (Primary) 52C22, 11H99 (Secondary)

description: In this short note we give a construction of an infinite series of Delone simplices whose relative volume grows super-exponentially with their dimension. This dramatically improves the previous best lower bound, which was linear.
description: 7 pages; v2: revised version improves our exponential lower bound to a super-exponential one
DYNAMICS OF OPTIMAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PASTURE PRODUCTION AND MILK YIELDS OF AUSTRALIAN DAIRY FARMS
Creators: name: Tozer, Peter R.
name: Huffaker, Ray G.
name: Tozer, Peter R.
name: Huffaker, Ray G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: dairy production
subject: pasture utilization
subject: deregulation

description: Deregulation of the Australian dairy industry could effect the utilization of resources by milk producers. In this study we examine the feed input mix dairy producers use, both pastures and supplements, prior to and after deregulation. We are particularly interested in the interaction of pasture utilization and farm profitability.
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI) AND TRADE - SUBSTITUTES AND COMPLEMENTS? AN APPLICATION TO THE PROCESSED FOOD INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Carter, Colin A.
name: Yilmaz, Alper
name: Carter, Colin A.
name: Yilmaz, Alper
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Agribusiness
International Relations/Trade

description: Foreign direct investment (FDI) have become a more dominant form of international trade in a more globalized world. This paper investigates the question of whether FDI and trade are substitutes or complements. In the context of a generally applicable model, the focus is on the processed food industry.
Ultrarelativistic boost of spinning and charged black rings
Creators: name: Ortaggio, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Aichelburg-Sexl ultrarelativistic limits in higher dimensions. After reviewing the boost of D>=4 Reissner-Nordstrom black holes as a simple illustrative example, we consider the case of D=5 black rings, presenting new results for static charged rings.
description: 7 pages. Proceedings of Fourth Meeting on Constrained Dynamics and Quantum Gravity, Cala Gonone (Sardinia, Italy), September 12--16, 2005. To appear in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
title: Социо- и психолингвистика
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Вузовское образование
Year: 2021

description: Рассмотрение языка и речи в социолингвистическом аспекте предполагает уяснение сущности понятий «государственное регулирование языка», «языковая ситуация», «социальная вариативность языковых средств». Углубленное изучение связи языка и мышления требует ознакомления магистрантов с результатами психолингвистического моделирования процессов продуцирования и понимания речи, с прикладными аспектами психолингвистики как науки. Подготовлено в соответствии с требованиями Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего образования. Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов 1–2 курсов, обучающихся по направлению подготовки 44.04.01 «Педагогическое образование» по магистерской программе «Лингвистическое образование», изучающих дисциплину «Социо- и психолингвистика».
PRICE TRANSMISSION, THRESHOLD BEHAVIOR, AND ASYMMETRIC ADJUSTMENT IN THE U.S. PORK SECTOR
Creators: name: Harper, Daniel C.
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Harper, Daniel C.
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Livestock Production/Industries

description: An asymmetric, threshold error correction model is used to evaluate price transmission among farm, wholesale, and retail pork markets. Threshold effects are confirmed. Results indicate asymmetries and suggest that adjustments are completed in about four weeks. Price transmission is unidirectional, flowing from the farm, to wholesale markets, to retail markets.
Fermi surface topology and non-trivial Berry phase in the flat-band semimetal Pd$_3$Pb
Creators: name: Khan, Mojammel A.
name: Chang, Po-Hao
name: Ghimire, Nirmal
name: Bretz-Sullivan, Terence M.
name: Bhattacharya, Anand
name: Jiang, Jidong S.
name: Singleton, John
name: Mitchell, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A study of the Fermi surface of the putative topological semimetal Pd$_3$Pb has been carried out using Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations measured in fields of up to 60 T. Pd$_3$Pb has garnered attention in the community due to a peculiar Fermi surface that has been proposed theoretically by Ahn, Pickett, and Lee, [Phys. Rev. B 98, 035130 (2018)] to host a dispersion-less band along $X-Γ$ as well as multiple triply-degenerate band crossings that, under the influence of spin-orbit coupling, lead to ten four-fold degenerate Dirac points. Analysis of the SdH oscillation data verifies the calculated multi-sheet Fermi surface, revealing a $Γ$ centered spheroid that had not been resolved experimentally in prior studies. A comprehensive, angle-dependent analysis of the phase of the SdH oscillations convincingly demonstrates a non-trivial Berry phase for two bands along $Γ-R$, supporting the theoretical predictions, while simultaneously evidencing interference between extremal orbits that mimics a trivial Berry phase at intermediate angles.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures (including supplemental document)
A Study of Synthetic and Observed H_alpha Spectra of TT Hydrae
Creators: name: Budaj, Jan
name: Richards, Mercedes T.
name: Miller, Brendan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation and properties of accretion discs and circumstellar material in Algol-type systems is not very well understood. In order to study the underlying physics of these structures, we have calculated synthetic Halpha spectra of TT Hya, which is an Algol-type eclipsing binary with an accretion disc. Both the primary and secondary stars were considered in the calculations as well as a disc surrounding the primary. The Roche model for the secondary star was assumed. The synthetic spectra cover all the phases including primary eclipse and are compared with the observed spectra. The influence of various effects and free parameters of the disc on the emerging spectrum was studied. This enabled us to put some constraints on the geometry, temperature, density and velocity fields within the disc. Differences found between the observed and synthetic spectra unravel the existence of a gas stream as well as a hotter disc-gas interaction region. An additional cooler circumstellar region between the C1 and C2 Roche surfaces is suggested to account for various observed effects. A new computer code called {\sc{shellspec}} was created for this purpose and is briefly described in this work as well. It is designed to solve simple radiative transfer along the line of sight in 3D moving media. The scattered light from a central object is taken into account assuming an optically thin environment. Output intensities are then integrated through the 2D projection surface of a 3D object. The assumptions of the code include LTE and optional known state quantities and velocity fields in 3D.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, last picture in color, accepted by ApJ
Table S1 & S2 from Group living facilitates the evolution of duets in barbets
Creators: name: Soma, Masayo
name: Brumm, Henrik
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Table S1 Effects of socio-ecological variables on the occurrence of vocal duets (subset data). Table S2: Comparison between chorusing and non-chorusing species.
Particle Number Fluctuations in High Energy Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions from Microscopic Transport Approaches
Creators: name: Konchakovski, V. P.
name: Haussler, S.
name: Gorenstein, M. I.
name: Bratkovskaya, E. L.
name: Bleicher, M.
name: Stoecker, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Event-by-event multiplicity fluctuations in nucleus-nucleus collisions are studied within the HSD and UrQMD transport models. The scaled variances of negative, positive, and all charged hadrons in Pb+Pb at 158 AGeV are analyzed in comparison to the data from the NA49 Collaboration. We find a dominant role of the fluctuations in the nucleon participant number for the final hadron multiplicity fluctuations. This fact can be used to check different scenarios of nucleus-nucleus collisions by measuring the final multiplicity fluctuations as a function of collision centrality. The analysis reveals surprising effects in the recent NA49 data which indicate a rather strong mixing of the projectile and target hadron production sources even in peripheral collisions.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. C
Design of beam splitters and microlasers using chaotic waveguides
Creators: name: Bendix, O.
name: Mendez-Bermudez, J. A.
name: Luna-Acosta, G. A.
name: Kuhl, U.
name: Stoeckmann, H. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider waveguides formed by single or multiple two-dimensional chaotic cavities connected to leads. The cavities are chaotic in the sense that the ray (or equivalently, classical particle) dynamics within them is chaotic. Geometrical parameters are chosen to produce a mixed phase space (chaotic regions surrounding islands of stability where motion is regular). Incoming rays (or particles) cannot penetrate into these islands but incoming plane waves dynamically tunnel into them at a certain discrete set of frequencies (energies). The support of the corresponding quasi-bound states is along the trajectories of periodic orbits trapped within the cavity. We take advantage of this difference in the ray/wave behavior to demonstrate how chaotic waveguides can be used to design beam splitters and microlasers. We also present some preliminary experimental results in a microwave realization of such chaotic waveguide.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, conference proceedings
FOB OR UNIFORM DELIVERED PRICING: STRATEGIC CHOICE AND WELFARE EFFECTS
Creators: name: Zhang, Mingxia
name: Sexton, Richard J.
name: Zhang, Mingxia
name: Sexton, Richard J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In most spatial markets, firms use either FOB or uniform delivered pricing, so the competitive factors motivating this choice and its welfare implications are important research questions. Prior work on duopoly using inelastic demands leads to biased results and our model on duopsony with elastic supply eliminates the bias.
Global Symmetries of Noncommutative Space-time
Creators: name: Gonera, C.
name: Kosinski, P.
name: Maslanka, P.
name: Giller, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The global counterpart of infinitesimal symmetries of noncommutative space-time is discussed.
description: 7 pages, no figures; minor changes in the bibliography; final version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.D
Evolution of field spiral galaxies up to redshifts z=1
Creators: name: Boehm, Asmus
name: Ziegler, Bodo L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have gained VLT/FORS spectra and HST/ACS images of a sample of 220 distant field spiral galaxies. Spatially resolved rotation curves were extracted and fitted with synthetic velocity fields that take into account all geometric and observational effects, like blurring due to the slit width and seeing influence. The maximum rotation velocity Vmax could be determined for 124 galaxies that cover the redshift range 0.1
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, ApJ, accepted
Early height growth and regeneration : applicability of prognosis components to the southern interior of British Columbia
Creators: name: Boisvenue, Céline R.P.F.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Predicting stand structure through time is a challenge in all aspects of forest management. Predictions in multi-cohort, mixed species, or1 spatially varied stands have mostly been based on field experience and have not been clearly quantified. The main hypothesis of this thesis is that the regeneration and small tree height growth components of the Northern Idaho variant of the growth and yield model Prognosis, can be calibrated for use in the stands of the southern interior of BC. The original equation forms of Prognosis Nl were applied to data collected in stands of the Columbia - Shuswap moist warm Interior Cedar - Hemlock variant of the Interior Cedar Hemlock moist warm subzone (ICHmw2 of the Biogeoclimatic Ecosystem Classification system of BC) in the vicinity of Nelson, BC. The same forms were then re-fitted with the Nelson data, and finally, other model forms were applied to Nelson data. In all cases, the original fitted equations in Prognosis Nl were outperformed by either the refitted equations or equations with Nelson-based variables. The equations presented in this thesis are a valid start to the calibration of regeneration and small tree height growth models Prognosis80. Some issues need to be addressed for model improvements. Prognosis Nl was not developed in BC and it uses a different ecosystem classification. Although correspondences have been made between BC site series and Idaho habitat types, the two systems are different, and so are the sites. These differences contribute to errors in model predictions. The data set used for developing Prognosis Nl was much larger than the data collected around Nelson. Some data categories used in the Prognosis model had more predictor variables than the number of observations in the corresponding data category in the Nelson data set. This lack of data resulted in non-robust models. :|" Despite these issues, the equations resulting from this calibration process improve the estimates of small tree height growth and regeneration in multi-cohort or mixed species stands in the southern interior of BC. Prior to the calibration efforts of Prognosis60, no quantitative tools were in place to aid silviculturists for predictions in these stands. Although these predictions are not completely accurate, they can serve as guidelines, to supplement field experience, for making predictions.
PREVENTABLE FOOD BORNE ILLNESS WITH DOSE-RESPONSE DAMAGES: OPTIMAL SHARING OF PREVENTION BETWEEN CONSUMERS AND PROCESSORS AND THE EFFECT OF PRODUCT LIABILITY
Creators: name: Roe, Brian E.
name: Roe, Brian E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food borne illness
subject: dose-response
subject: liability

description: As public concern for food safety burgeons concerned policy makers search for ways to manage the risk inherent to food consumption. Product liability laws may serve as efficient means to induce socially optimal levels of care or may efficiently complement regulation of potentially injurious activities. However, two characteristics common to many food borne illness cases are often not considered in the standard liability economics model that yields these prescriptions: dose-response damage functions and victim damage prevention. This paper explores how dose-response relationships common to the biology and epidemiology of food borne illness may effect the shape of resulting social welfare functions and privately chosen prevention efforts under different liability rules when both processor and consumer affect damages. Dose-response damage functions yield social objectives with multiple local optima that may dictate diametrically opposite policy prescriptions in terms of prevention sharing between consumer and processor. Small changes in the relative efficacy of either party's preventative effort may dictate discrete changes in the socially optimal prescription. Similarly, legal rules that fail to recognize both parties' contribution to damage (e.g., strict processor or consumer liability) or incorrectly define due care standards for processor negligence or contributory negligence may cause private decisions to differ discretely from socially optimal behavior.
Probing the superfluid velocity with a superconducting tip: the Doppler shift effect
Creators: name: Kohen, A.
name: Proslier, Th.
name: Cren, T.
name: Noat, Y.
name: Sacks, W.
name: Berger, H.
name: Roditchev, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the question of probing the supercurrents in superconducting (SC) samples on a local scale by performing Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy (STS) experiments with a SC tip. In this configuration, we show that the tunneling conductance is highly sensitive to the Doppler shift term in the SC quasiparticle spectrum of the sample, thus allowing the local study of the superfluid velocity. Intrinsic screening currents, such as those surrounding the vortex cores in a type II SC in a magnetic field, are directly probed. With Nb tips, the STS mapping of the vortices, in single crystal 2H-NbSe_2, reveals both the vortex cores, on the scale of the SC coherence length $ξ$, and the supercurrents, on the scale of the London penetration length $λ$. A subtle interplay between the SC pair potential and the supercurrents at the vortex edge is observed. Our results open interesting prospects for the study of screening currents in any superconductor.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Assessment of Some Biomarker of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Suffered from Chronic Kidney Diseases
Creators: name: I.A. Abdulla
name: F.F. Rija
Publisher: name: Opera Medica et Physiologica
Year: 2023
Subjects: chronic hepatitis B
(YKL-40) chitinase-3-like protein 1
CRP
blood urea
creatinine

description: Globally, chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) infection causes chronic liver disease, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, many CHB patients have comorbid medical problems and varying degrees of renal impairment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of CHI3L1 in diagnosing liver fibrosis in the studied cases and assess the clinical and physiological factors during disease cases. 90 blood samples were collected from patients in the Dialysis Unit at Tikrit Teaching Hospital, Yathrib township, Aldhuluiya city, Al-Shuhada Health Center in the period from September 1, 2022, to February 28, 2023. 60 of these samples were obtained from patients with chronic hepatitis B virus diagnosed by doctors and divided into two groups: group one: 30 chronic hepatitis B patients (19 males, 11 females) aged 20-67; group two: 30 chronic hepatitis B patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (18 males, 12 females) aged 24-68. The control group consisted of 30 healthy individuals (19 males, 11 females) aged 20-55. Results indicated a substantial increase in CHI3L1 levels (174.41 ± 38.45a) in CHB patients compared to CKD patients (137.30 ± 37.8b) and controls (126.10 ± 30.0b) at P ≤ 0.05. A substantial rise in creatinine levels was observed in patients with chronic hepatitis B due to CKD (group 2) compared to CHB (group 1) and controls with a p-value ≤0.05. The mean ± SD of B.urea was 151.40 ± 24.2a in CKD patients (group 2), 31.26 ± 7.55b in CHB patients (group 1), and 27.54 ± 6.24b in controls (p-value ≤ 0.05). At p-value <0.05, CRP mean ± SD were 23.860 ± 4.220a in CKD patients (group 2), 4.040 ± 0.422b in CHB patients (group 1), and 4.200 ± 0.436b in controls. In chronic hepatitis B patients, CHI3L1 levels increase significantly. Chronic renal illness increases B.urea, creatinine, and CRP in chronic hepatitis B.
Open Science and NASA: Goals, the Present, and the Future
Creators: name: Murphy, Kevin
name: Crawford, Steve
name: Baynes, Kathleen
name: Gentemann, Chelle L.
name: Ramachandran, Rahul
name: Maskey, Manil
name: Ivey, Yvonne
name: Luna-Cruz, Yaitza
name: , Steponaitis
name: Truong, Amy
name: Hall, Cynthia
name: Martinez, Isabella
name: Ward, Kevin
name: Cassidy, Emily
name: , Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: open science, nasa

description: Open science is a foundational objective of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate (SMD). Open science is an evolving paradigm that seeks to foster greater inclusivity, diversity, and participation in the scientific process while increasing transparency and reproducibility. In August of 2021, SMD released Scientific Information policy for the Science Mission Directorate(1) and in December of 2019, SMD released the SMD's Strategy for Data Management and Computing for Groundbreaking Science 2019-2024(2). These strategies aim to enable transformational open science through continuous evolution of science data and computing systems for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate. We want to take this opportunity to update the community on the progress of these Strategies as well as to engage with you on the next implementation steps. The objective of this meeting is to provide a forum to find out more details about the Open Source Science Initiative (OSSI), ask questions about the number of initiatives that are currently underway related to Open Science, and participate in a community discussion where attendees will have the opportunity to engage with SMD and the community on further developing these initiatives. Initiatives include projects involving machine learning and artificial intelligence, discoverability of SMD data and publications, new policies to support open science, and Transform to Open Science (TOPS), our initiative to help jump-start the adoption of open science across our communities.
RELATIVE EFFICIENCY OF SEQUESTERING CARBON IN AGRICULTURAL SOILS THROUGH SECOND BEST MARKET-BASED INSTRUMENTS
Creators: name: Pautsch, Gregory R.
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Campbell, Todd D.
name: Pautsch, Gregory R.
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Campbell, Todd D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Land Economics/Use
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The total expected cost of sequestering carbon in agricultural soils is estimated under a possible EQIP program offering a per-acre subsidy to adopt conservation tillage and a carbon credit program where producers can sell their carbon credit in an external market. Both programs are compared to the minimum cost solution.
Quark-Lepton Complementarity in Unified Theories
Creators: name: Antusch, Stefan
name: King, Steve F.
name: Mohapatra, Rabindra N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As pointed out by many authors, recent observations are consistent with an intriguing relation between the Cabibbo angle $θ_C$ and the solar neutrino mixing angle $θ_{12}$, namely $θ_{12} \simeq π/4 - θ_C$. Such quark-lepton complementarity (QLC) may be a signal of an underlying quark-lepton unification at short distances. We discuss possible ways to realize this relation in realistic quark-lepton unification theories by identifying a minimal set of operators that lead to QLC while remaining consistent with other known data. The purpose of this paper is to present the first elements of a unified model at the GUT scale capable of predicting the QLC relation. A generic prediction of our proposed class of models is the new relation for the lepton mixing angle $θ_{13} \simeq θ_C$, which allows these models to be confirmed or excluded by the current generation of neutrino oscillation experiments.
description: 18 pages; minor correction in the appendix and a reference added; version published in Phys. Lett. B
Reward Machines: Exploiting Reward Function Structure in Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Icarte, Rodrigo Toro
name: Klassen, Toryn Q.
name: Valenzano, Richard
name: McIlraith, Sheila A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reinforcement learning (RL) methods usually treat reward functions as black boxes. As such, these methods must extensively interact with the environment in order to discover rewards and optimal policies. In most RL applications, however, users have to program the reward function and, hence, there is the opportunity to make the reward function visible -- to show the reward function's code to the RL agent so it can exploit the function's internal structure to learn optimal policies in a more sample efficient manner. In this paper, we show how to accomplish this idea in two steps. First, we propose reward machines, a type of finite state machine that supports the specification of reward functions while exposing reward function structure. We then describe different methodologies to exploit this structure to support learning, including automated reward shaping, task decomposition, and counterfactual reasoning with off-policy learning. Experiments on tabular and continuous domains, across different tasks and RL agents, show the benefits of exploiting reward structure with respect to sample efficiency and the quality of resultant policies. Finally, by virtue of being a form of finite state machine, reward machines have the expressive power of a regular language and as such support loops, sequences and conditionals, as well as the expression of temporally extended properties typical of linear temporal logic and non-Markovian reward specification.
PRODUCTIVITY OF DAIRY PRODUCTION IN INDIVIDUAL STATES
Creators: name: Tauer, Loren W.
name: Lordkipanidze, Nazibrola
name: Tauer, Loren W.
name: Lordkipanidze, Nazibrola
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Dairy Productivity
subject: Malmquist Index

description: In a competitive market dairy production will shift to that region which is the most productive. Thus, this paper reports the measurement of productivity of dairy production in the various states of the U.S. using recent Census data and non-parametric Malmquist index techniques. These are total factor productivity measures that do not require the assumption of cost or profit maximization behavior for aggregation. Individual state estimates of changes in efficiency, technology, and productivity from 1987 to 1992 were computed, divided by 1987 values. Over these states the average increase in productivity was 3.6 percent, or about 0.7 percent per year. Almost all of the productivity increase occurred from technological change, since the average increase in efficiency was only 0.1 percent. Technological change averaged 3.5 percent over the five year period, or about 0.7 percent each year. If there is a significant decrease in the number of farms in a state, it might be expected that the remaining farms are more efficient, under the assumption that the least efficient farms are those that exit the industry. This was tested by regressing the percent change in efficiency on the percent change in farm numbers. The results were statistically insignificant. Likewise, if the output of the average farm increased it might be expected that efficiency might fall. This was tested by regressing the percent change in efficiency on the percent change in output per farm. Again the results were statistically insignificant. It was further expected that states that increased output per farm might have done so by using new technology. This was tested by regressing percent technological change on the percent change in output per farm. These results were also statistically insignificant.
Correlation of Serum Vitamin C Level and Serum Uric Acid with Vitamin D Level in a Sample of Iraqi Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Creators: name: N.N.A. Aburahma
name: H.R. Hasan
Publisher: name: Opera Medica et Physiologica
Year: 2023
Subjects: rheumatoid arthritis
vitamin D
vitamin C
uric acid

description: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease of an unknown etiology and, according to recent studies, vitamin D, vitamin C, and uric acid may all play an important role in the pathophysiology of RA. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the correlation between the levels of vitamin C and uric acid with vitamin D level in 110 patients with RA who were divided into three groups depending on their serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level. The results revealed that only 27.27% of our RA patients had sufficient serum 25(OH)D (≥ 30 ng/mL), whereas 72.73% of RA patients had deficient or insufficient vitamin D levels (< 30 ng/mL). In females, the percentage of those with vitamin D level < 30 ng/mL was higher (63.75%) than that in males (36.25%). According to different levels of vitamin D in RA patients’ groups, a significant decrease in the level of vitamin C (p = 0.0001) was observed while a non-significant difference was found in the level of serum uric acid (p = 0.527). Meanwhile, no significant correlations were observed (P > 0.05) between levels of vitamin C and uric acid with vitamin D level in patients with RA. On the other hand, a negative correlation between serum vitamin C level and uric acid level was found (P = 0.0001), which indicates RA patients suffered from vitamin C deficiency regardless of the level of vitamin D and they had hyperuricemia which had a negative correlation with vitamin C.
Tensor polarizability and dispersive quantum measurement of multilevel atoms
Creators: name: Geremia, JM
name: Stockton, John K.
name: Mabuchi, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimally extracting information from measurements performed on a physical system requires an accurate model of the measurement interaction. Continuously probing the collective spin of an Alkali atom cloud via its interaction with an off-resonant optical probe is an important example of such a measurement where realistic modeling at the quantum level is possible using standard techniques from atomic physics. Typically, however, tutorial descriptions of this technique have neglected the multilevel structure of realistic atoms for the sake of simplification. In this paper we account for the full multilevel structure of Alkali atoms and derive the irreducible form of the polarizability Hamiltonian describing a typical dispersive quantum measurement. For a specific set of parameters, we then show that semiclassical predictions of the theory are consistent with our experimental observations of polarization scattering by a polarized cloud of laser-cooled Cesium atoms. We also derive the signal-to-noise ratio under a single measurement trial and use this to predict the rate of spin-squeezing with multilevel Alkali atoms for arbitrary detuning of the probe beam.
description: Significant corrections to theory and data. Full quality figures and other information available from http://minty.caltech.edu/papers.php