cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Resolving the Hubble Tension with New Early Dark Energy
Creators: name: Niedermann, Florian
name: Sloth, Martin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New Early Dark Energy (NEDE) is a component of vacuum energy at the electron volt scale, which decays in a first-order phase transition shortly before recombination [arXiv:1910.10739]. The NEDE component has the potential to resolve the tension between recent local measurements of the expansion rate of the Universe using supernovae (SN) data and the expansion rate inferred from the early Universe through measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) when assuming $Λ$CDM. We discuss in depth the two-scalar field model of the NEDE phase transition including the process of bubble percolation, collision, and coalescence. We also estimate the gravitational wave signal produced during the collision phase and argue that it can be searched for using pulsar timing arrays. In a second step, we construct an effective cosmological model, which describes the phase transition as an instantaneous process, and derive the covariant equations that match perturbations across the transition surface. Fitting the cosmological model to CMB, baryonic acoustic oscillations and SN data, we report $H_0 = 69.6^{+1.0}_{-1.3} \, \textrm{km}\, \textrm{s}^{-1}\, \textrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ $(68 \%$ C.L.) without the local measurement of the Hubble parameter, bringing the tension down to $2.5\, σ$. Including the local input, we find $H_0 = 71.4 \pm 1.0 \, \textrm{km}\, \textrm{s}^{-1}\, \textrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ $(68 \%$ C.L.) and strong evidence for a non-vanishing NEDE component with a $\simeq 4\, σ$ significance.
description: 86 pages, 17 figures, v2: corrected BOSS likelihood in MontePython, references added, v3: matches version published in PRD
Effects of gravitational darkening on the determination of fundamental parameters in fast rotating B-type stars
Creators: name: Fremat, Y.
name: Zorec, J.
name: Hubert, A. -M.
name: Floquet, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we develop a calculation code to account for the effects carried by fast rotation on the observed spectra of early-type stars. Stars are assumed to be in rigid rotation and the grid of plane-parallel model atmospheres used to represent the gravitational darkening are calculated by means of a non-LTE approach. Attention is paid on the relation between the apparent and parent non-rotating counterpart stellar fundamental parameters and apparent and true vsini parameters as a function of the rotation rate Omega/Omega_c, stellar mass and inclination angle. It is shown that omission of gravitational darkening in the analysis of chemical abundances of CNO elements can produce systematic overestimation or underestimation, depending on the lines used, rotational rate and inclination angle. The proximity of Be stars to the critical rotation is re-discussed by correcting not only the vsini of 130 Be stars, but also their effective temperature and gravity to account for stellar rotationally induced geometrical distortion and for the concomitant gravitational darkening effect. We concluded that the increase of the vsini estimate is accompanied by an even higher value of the stellar equatorial critical velocity, so that the most probable average rate of angular velocity of Be stars attains Omega/Omega_c ~ 0.88.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures. Submitted for publication in A&A
Thermodynamic and Transport Properties in Disordered Kitaev Models
Creators: name: Nasu, Joji
name: Motome, Yukitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effects of bond randomness and site dilution are systematically investigated for the Kitaev model describing a quantum spin liquid with fractional excitations of itinerant Majorana fermions and localized fluxes. We find that, in the high-temperature region where the itinerant Majorana fermions release their entropy, both types of disorders suppress the longitudinal thermal conductivity while keeping the specific heat almost unchanged. This suggests that both disorders reduce the mean-free path of the Majorana fermions. On the other hand, in the low-temperature region, the other specific heat peak associated with the entropy release from the localized fluxes is suppressed for both cases, but it is broadened and shifted to the lower-temperature side by the bond randomness, while the position and the width are almost unchanged against the site dilution. Contrasting behavior is also found in the thermal Hall effect under a magnetic field; the half quantization of the thermal Hall conductivity is fragile against the site dilution, while it remains for the bond randomness despite the reduced onset temperature. We discuss the contrasting behavior from the stability of the topological nature by calculating flux condensation and Majorana excitation gap.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Therates major Probst and Wiesner 1994
Creators: name: Wiesner, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cincidelidae
Therates
Therates major

description: 14. Therates major Probst and Wiesner
(Fig. 106)
Therates major Probst and Wiesner 1994b: 97, 99, f. 17.
Therates major. Naviaux and Pinratana 2004: 63, T. 17, f. 1, 2, T. 40, f. 6, T. 58, f. 3.
Type depository. Holotype female in RNFC.
Type status. Holotype female! Type labels: “ THAILANDE, Pilok. Alt. 1200 m, Kanchanaburi prov., 24.V.88 RN” [printed, with black borders]; “HOLOTYPUS” [printed, red]; “ THERATES major PROBST and WIESNER, det. J. Wiesner 1994” [printed].
Diagnosis. Distinguished by the combination of elytral maculation with short humeral lunule, trapezoidal shaped central dot, and elytral apex which has yellow restricted to a small sutural area.
Re-description. Size: Total length (without labrum) 9.0 mm, (n=1). Male unknown. Head: Shining greenish black. Mandibles yellowish, teeth brownish marginally. Labrum (female Fig. 109) as wide as long, yellowish, with six apical teeth and one lateral tooth. Labial and maxillary palpi yellowish. Antennae lanceolate, extending posteriorally behind elytral shoulders, scape with a single apical bristle, antennomeres 2 to 5 glabrous, antennomeres 6 to 11 finely and evenly pubescent; scape yellowish above, black on underside, all the other antennal segments brownish. Clypeus glabrous. Frons smooth with two shallow bumps in the posterior part of the orbital plates. Thorax: Pronotum shining greenish black, barely longer than wide, constricted in front and at back, transverse furrows strong, middle line and lateral lines nearly obsolete, middle line with several transverse short branches. Elytra: Shining blackish violet, with basal and apical humps, distinctly punctate in front, shallower in the apical half (Fig. 107). Apex with angular lateral and sutural corner, straight between. Maculation composed of a short yellow humeral lunule, a yellow basal dot, a yellow trapezoid central dot, and a light yellow apex (Fig.108). The humeral lunule is slightly enlarged towards the elytral disk and connected with the basal dot at the base. Ventral aspect: Venter black, ventrites brownish marginally. Legs brownish yellow, metatarsi and metatibiae lighter.
Distribution. Thailand (Kanchanaburi).
description: Published as part of Wiesner, Jürgen, 2013, The chennelli group of the Genus Therates Latreille (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) 114. Contribution towards the knowledge of Cicindelidae, pp. 1-86 in Insecta Mundi 2013 (315) on pages 20-21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5176988
Identification of a new short-period comet near the sun
Creators: name: Hoenig, Sebastian F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the identification of comet C/1999 R1 (SOHO) with comet C/2003 R5 (SOHO). Both apparitions were only observed with the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) at distances smaller than 0.1 AU from the sun with the LASCO coronagraphs onboard the spacecraft. Although SOHO comets usually have poor orbital coverage, the 1999 and 2003 arcs are sufficient to generate a link that seems to satisfy all observations. We also analyze comet C/2002 R5 (SOHO) which has similar orbital elements. A fragmentation scenario is proposed and discussed which would support the linkage of C/1999 R1 and C/2003 R5 and thus its short periodic nature.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; accepted for publication in A&A
Verifying Hyperliveness
Creators: name: Coenen, Norine
name: Finkbeiner, Bernd
name: Sánchez, César
name: Tentrup, Leander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4

description: HyperLTL is an extension of linear-time temporal logic for the specification of hyperproperties, i.e., temporal properties that relate multiple computation traces. HyperLTL can express information flow policies as well as properties like symmetry in mutual exclusion algorithms or Hamming distances in error-resistant transmission protocols. Previous work on HyperLTL model checking has focussed on the alternation-free fragment of HyperLTL, where verification reduces to checking a standard trace property over an appropriate self-composition of the system. The alternation-free fragment does, however, not cover general hyperliveness properties. Universal formulas, for example, cannot express the secrecy requirement that for every possible value of a secret variable there exists a computation where the value is different while the observations made by the external observer are the same. In this paper, we study the more difficult case of hyperliveness properties expressed as HyperLTL formulas with quantifier alternation. We reduce existential quantification to strategic choice and show that synthesis algorithms can be used to eliminate the existential quantifiers automatically. We furthermore show that this approach can be extended to reactive system synthesis, i.e., to automatically construct a reactive system that is guaranteed to satisfy a given HyperLTL formula.
description: Originally published at CAV 2019
Additional file 2 of Genomic variation between PRSV resistant transgenic SunUp and its progenitor cultivar Sunset
Creators: name: Jingping Fang
name: Wood, Andrew Michael
name: Youqiang Chen
name: Jingjing Yue
name: Ming, Ray
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. GO enrichment analysis for the putative high mutation genes.
A numerical shape optimization framework for generic problems solved on unstructured triangular meshes
Creators: name: Gosselin, Serge
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Until recently, experiments combined with trial and error have been the preferred methodology to refine designs in fields such as aerodynamics or heat transfer. Numerical shape optimization tools are becoming an important link in the design chain, accelerating this refinement process. Optimal design is a complex task requiring the integration of the many components necessary to perform accurate numerical simulations. In this thesis, a simplified shape optimization framework for generic applications is presented. The partial differential equations describing the physics of the optimization problems are solved on unstructured triangular meshes. The mesh generator guarantees the quality of the triangulation. The finite-volume method is used combined with an implicit Newton-Krylov GMRES solver for generic problems. The numerical and physical aspects of the problem are de-coupled inside the solver. This allows for simplified implementation of new physics package using interior and boundary fluxes. The shape to be optimized is defined with a set of control points. The movements of the boundary vertices are described by cubic spline interpolation. They are then propagated through the internal mesh by an explicit deformation law. Optimization constraints are enforced through a penalty formulation and the resulting unconstrained problem is solved using either the steepest descent method or a quasi-Newton method. Gradients of the objective function with respect to the shape are calculated using finite differences. The correct operation of the optimization framework is verified with validation problems. These allow the assessment of the performance of its different components. To indicate that a minimum has been attained, the gradient norm must be reduced by several orders of magnitude. Overall, the results show that the various components are properly integrated. The framework's range of applications is limited by the implicit solver, currently under development, and by finite-difference gradients. A discussion about necessary requirements to extend this framework to more practical applications is given.
Additional file 3 of Genomic variation between PRSV resistant transgenic SunUp and its progenitor cultivar Sunset
Creators: name: Jingping Fang
name: Wood, Andrew Michael
name: Youqiang Chen
name: Jingjing Yue
name: Ming, Ray
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. The genome positions of specific chloroplast DNA integration sites in SunUp.
Measurement of single pi0 production in neutral current neutrino interactions with water by a 1.3 GeV wide band muon neutrino beam
Creators: name: K2K Collaboration
name: Nakayama, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutral current single pi0 production induced by neutrinos with a mean energy of 1.3 GeV is measured at a 1000 ton water Cherenkov detector as a near detector of the K2K long baseline neutrino experiment. The cross section for this process relative to the total charged current cross section is measured to be 0.064 +- 0.001 (stat.) +- 0.007 (sys.). The momentum distribution of produced pi0s is measured and is found to be in good agreement with an expectation from the present knowledge of the neutrino cross sections.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Submitted to Phys. Lett. B
Sustainable Micro-Irrigation Systems for Poverty Alleviation in The Sahel: A Case for “Micro” Public-Private Partnerships?
Creators: name: Dittoh, Saa
name: Akuriba, Margaret A.
name: Issaka, Balma Y.
name: Bhattarai, Madhusudan
name: Dittoh, Saa
name: Akuriba, Margaret A.
name: Issaka, Balma Y.
name: Bhattarai, Madhusudan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Irrigated agriculture in most parts of Sub-Saharan Africa has not been encouraging even with the threat of severe adverse effects of global food and financial crises and a scourge of the consequences of climate change. The situation in the West African Sahel is even more disturbing since it is at the fringe of the Sahara desert and past attempts at irrigation development have been very disappointing. The paper analyses information from an assessment of the extent of use and impacts of micro irrigation technologies in Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger and Senegal, and suggests a future direction for irrigation development in the West African Sahel. It argues for substantial investments by Governments, NGOs and the private sector in development of “low-cost” micro irrigation system. Drip irrigation in the form of the “African Market Garden” (AMG) is a technology that has the potential to drastically reduce mass poverty levels in the Sahel. It has been widely acclaimed by smallholder irrigators in the Sahel as being suitable for the arid environment and it has been shown to be profitable to the farmers. The cost of establishing a viable, effective, and sustainable smallholder drip irrigation system is however above the capabilities of small farmer groups. The suggestion is to institute modified public-private partnership (PPP) methodologies of funding and management of farmer-group drip irrigation systems to ensure, adequate funding and that, viable, sustainable and poverty alleviation systems are established in all parts of the Sahel and in similar areas in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Metamaterial covers over a small aperture
Creators: name: Alu, Andrea
name: Bilotti, Filiberto
name: Engheta, Nader
name: Vegni, Lucio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it has been experimentally shown by several other researchers in the physics community that a properly designed periodic corrugation of a metallic opaque screen may significantly enhance the power transmission through a sub-wavelength hole in the optical frequency band. Oliner, Jackson and their co-workers explained and justified this phenomenon as the result of the excitation of the leaky waves supported by the corrugated screen. Here we suggest another setup, in which metamaterial layers with special parameters may be utilized as covers over a single sub-wavelength aperture in a perfectly electric conducting (PEC) flat screen in order to increase the wave transmission through this aperture, and we provide a detailed analytical explanation for this aperture setup that may lead to similar, more pronounced effects when the metamaterial layers are used in the entrance and the exit face of the hole in the flat PEC screen with no corrugation. Some physical insights into the function of these covers and some numerical results confirming this theory are presented and discussed. We also discuss the sensitivity of the transmission enhancement to the geometrical and electromagnetic parameters of this structure.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
An analysis of the influence of the precipitate type on the mechanical behavior of Al-Cu alloys by means of micropillar compression tests
Creators: name: Bellón, B.
name: Haouala, S.
name: LLorca, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of different types of precipitates (either Guinier-Preston zones, $θ''$ or $θ'$) on the critical resolved shear stress and strain hardening was determined by means of micropillar compression tests in an Al - 4 wt. \% Cu alloy. The size, shape and volume fraction of the precipitates were measured in each case. It was found that size effects were negligible for micropillars with diameter $\ge$ 5 $μ$m. Micropillars with Guinier-Preston zones showed strain localization due to precipitate shearing. The best mechanical properties were obtained with either a fine dispersion of the $θ''$ precipitates or a coarser dispersion of $θ'$. Both precipitate shearing and Orowan loops were observed around the $θ''$ precipitates and the micropillar strength was compatible with the predictions of the Orowan model. In the case of the alloy with $θ'$ precipitates, the strengthening contribution associated with the transformation strain around the precipitates has to be included in the model to explain the experimental results. Finally, the micropillar compression tests in crystals with different orientations were used to calibrate a phenomenological crystal plasticity. This information was used to predict the mechanical properties of polycrystals by means of computational homogeneization.
Turning up and down strong magnetic fields in relativistic nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Giacalone, Giuliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I show that the average transverse momentum, $\langle p_t \rangle$, of the hadrons emitted in relativistic nuclear collisions can be used as a ``knob'' to control the strength of the magnetic field induced by the spectator and the participant protons over the overlap region. I thus argue that any observable sensitive to this magnetic field is nontrivially correlated with $\langle p_t \rangle$ at a given collision centrality.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures; v2: published version
Nonparametric approach for measuring the productivity change and assessing the water use efficiency in the irrigated areas of Tunisia
Creators: name: Chemak, Fraj
name: Chemak, Fraj
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Irrigated Area
subject: Technical Efficiency
subject: Water Use Efficiency
subject: Productivity Change
subject: Data Envelopment Analysis

description: In order to cope with the water scarcity, Tunisia has to manage efficiently the demand of the economic and social sectors mainly that of the agricultural irrigated activities. Within this context our investigation aims to analyze the technical efficiency, the water use efficiency and the dynamic of the productivity of the irrigated areas in the Sidi Bouzid region. Hence, farm surveys, regarding the cropping years 2003 and 2007, were carried out. We have assessed the technology performance using the Data Envelopment Analysis approach and we have computed the Malmquist index in order to characterize the productivity change. Our empirical findings showed that the technical efficiency of the farms has increased by 17% during this period leading to an improvement of the water use efficiency up to 22%. Both, the technical efficiency change as well as the technical change have contributed to this improvement. However, the farmers have to enhance further their irrigated practices in order to save more water. Indeed, in 2007, the water use efficiency was only 78%.
Additional file 1 of Genomic variation between PRSV resistant transgenic SunUp and its progenitor cultivar Sunset
Creators: name: Jingping Fang
name: Wood, Andrew Michael
name: Youqiang Chen
name: Jingjing Yue
name: Ming, Ray
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Distribution of structural variations on nine pseudomolecules of papaya.
Additional file 1 of Weekly paclitaxel plus ramucirumab versus weekly nab-paclitaxel plus ramucirumab for unresectable advanced or recurrent gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination refractory to first-line therapy—the P-SELECT trial (WJOG10617G)—a randomised phase II trial by the West Japan Oncology Group
Creators: name: Hirata, Kenro
name: Hamamoto, Yasuo
name: Ando, Masahiko
name: Imamura, Chiyo K.
name: Yoshimura, Kenichi
name: Yamazaki, Kentaro
name: Hironaka, Shuichi
name: Muro, Kei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist.
Intermittency in Two-Dimensional Turbulence with Drag
Creators: name: Tsang, Yue-Kin
name: Ott, Edward
name: Antonsen, Thomas M.
name: Guzdar, Parvez N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the enstrophy cascade in forced two-dimensional turbulence with a linear drag force. In the presence of linear drag, the energy wavenumber spectrum drops with a power law faster than in the case without drag, and the vorticity field becomes intermittent, as shown by the anomalous scaling of the vorticity structure functions. Using a previous theory, we compare numerical simulation results with predictions for the power law exponent of the energy wavenumber spectrum and the scaling exponents of the vorticity structure functions $ζ_{2q}$ obtained in terms of the distribution of finite time Lyapunov exponents. We also study, both by numerical experiment and theoretical analysis, the multifractal structure of the viscous enstrophy dissipation in terms of its Rényi dimension spectrum $D_q$ and singularity spectrum $f(α)$. We derive a relation between $D_q$ and $ζ_{2q}$, and discuss its relevance to a version of the refined similarity hypothesis. In addition, we obtain and compare theoretically and numerically derived results for the dependence on separation $r$ of the probability distribution of $δ_{\V{r}}ω$, the difference between the vorticity at two points separated by a distance $r$. Our numerical simulations are done on a $4096 \times 4096$ grid.
description: 18 pages, 17 figures
How to Realize Breakthrough in WTO Doha Negotiations?
Creators: name: Zhou, Jian-Ming
name: Zhou, Jian-Ming
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Political Economy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Breakthrough
subject: WTO
subject: Doha negotiations
subject: Agriculture
subject: Non-agricultural market

description: The World Trade Organization’s view is that the developed countries will lose agriculture after abolishing protectionism, and thus need the developing countries to open industry/services market largely as a compensation. But the developed countries cannot afford to lose agriculture as the most strategic lifeline, and the developing countries cannot afford to open industry/services market largely since it is weak in front of the developed countries. Hence the blockade of the Doha negotiations. The author's solution - the USA and Canada (just as New Zealand and Australia demonstrated in the mid-1980s) would not need to adopt the proposed Dual Land System, but the other developed countries would need to, then substantially cutting agricultural subsidies would not lead them to lose agriculture, and thus no need to ask the developing countries to largely open non-agricultural markets as a compensation. Hence the breakthrough of the Doha negotiations.
description: Originally published by ‘Africa Link’ (www.africalink.ch/), Headquarters in Switzerland, at (http://www.africalink.ch/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=12993%3Ahow-torealize- breakthrough-in-wto-doha-negotiations&catid=49%3Abusiness-andeconomy& Itemid=58 =en)
Insights into the Formation and Evolution History of the Galactic Disk System
Creators: name: Han, Doo Ri
name: Lee, Young Sun
name: Kim, Young Kwang
name: Beers, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a kinematic analysis of a sample of 23,908 G- and K-type dwarfs in the Galactic disk. Based on the $α$-abundance ratio, [$α$/Fe], we separated our sample into low-$α$ thin-disk and high-$α$ thick-disk stars. We find a $V_{\rm ϕ}$ gradient of $-$28.2 km s$^{-1}$ dex$^{-1}$ over [Fe/H] for the thin disk, and an almost flat trend of the velocity dispersions of $V_{\rm R}$, $V_{\rm ϕ}$, and $V_{\rm Z}$ components with [Fe/H]. The metal-poor (MP; [Fe/H] $$ $+$0.1) stars in the thin disk exhibit low-$e$, solar-like orbits. Accounting for the inhomogeneous metallicity distribution of the thin-disk stars with various kinematics requires radial migration by churning $-$ it apparently strongly influences the current structure of the thin disk; we cannot rule out the importance of blurring for the high-$e$ stars. We derive a rotation velocity gradient of $+$36.9 km s$^{-1}$ dex$^{-1}$ for the thick disk, and decreasing trends of velocity dispersions with increasing [Fe/H]. The thick-disk population also has a broad distribution of eccentricity, and the number of high-$e$ stars increases with decreasing [Fe/H]. These kinematic behaviors could be the result of a violent mechanism, such as a gas-rich merger or the presence of giant turbulent clumps, early in the history of its formation. Dynamical heating by minor mergers and radial migration may also play roles in forming the current thick-disk structure.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Product Matrix Processes with Symplectic and Orthogonal Invariance via Symmetric Functions
Creators: name: Ahn, Andrew
name: Strahov, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We apply symmetric function theory to study random processes formed by singular values of products of truncations of Haar distributed symplectic and orthogonal matrices. These product matrix processes are degenerations of Macdonald processes introduced by Borodin and Corwin. Through this connection, we obtain explicit formulae for the distribution of singular values of a deterministic matrix multiplied by a truncated Haar orthogonal or symplectic matrix under conditions where the latter factor acts as a rank $1$ perturbation. Consequently, we generalize the recent Kieburg-Kuijlaars-Stivigny formula for the joint singular value density of a product of truncated unitary matrices to symplectic and orthogonal symmetry classes. Specializing to products of two symplectic matrices with a rank $1$ perturbative factor, we show that the squared singular values form a Pfaffian point process.
description: 39 pages, Int. Math. Res. Not. 2021
Spin networks and the big bang singularity avoidance in the AdS/CFT correspondence
Creators: name: Silva, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new version of the $AdS/CFT$ correspondence, where polymer structures similar to Loop Quantum Cosmology spin networks can be induced on an isotropic and homogeneous flat Randall-Sundrum II brane, corresponding to the holographic duals of closed string states living in the bulk. Such polymer structures drive a discrete evolution of the braneworld spacetime that leads to the regularization of the Big Bang singularity. The present results show that the $AdS/CFT$ conjecture can be a possible bridge between String theory and Loop Quantum Gravity.
description: The present article incorporates some discussions and results present in an earlier article arXiv:1707.07586v2 [gr-qc]. Published in Physical Review D
Whose Education Matters in the Determination of Household Income: Evidence from a Developing Country
Creators: name: Jolliffe, Dean
name: Jolliffe, Dean
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Education
subject: Income

description: This paper aims to answer how best to model education attainment, which is an individual-level variable, in household-level income functions. The accepted practice in the literature is to use the education level of the household head. This paper compares the head-of-household model to three competing models and concludes that the maximum or average level of education in the household is a better explanatory variable of household income. Least absolute deviations (LAD) estimators and censored least absolute deviations (CLAD) estimators are used to predict income. Standard errors, which are robust to violations of homoscedasticity and independence, are generated by a boot-strap method that replicates the two-stage sample design.
Therates nepalensis Probst and Wiesner 1994
Creators: name: Wiesner, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cincidelidae
Therates
Therates nepalensis

description: 16. Therates nepalensis Probst and Wiesner
(Fig. 118)
Therates nepalensis Probst and Wiesner 1994a: 30 - 32, f. 1 - 4.
Therates nepalensis. Probst 1996: 23; Putchkov and Matalin 2003: 116.
Type depository. Holotype male in NHMW.
Type status. Holotype male! Type labels: “E-NEPAL, Arun Valley, Mure-Num, 2050 - 1600 m, 10. Juni 1992, leg. J. and J. Probst ” [printed, with yellow borders]; HOLOTYPUS THERATES nepalensis PROBST and WIESNER ” [printed, red, with black borders].
Diagnosis. Distinguished by the combination of yellow labrum and elytra with yellow apex, reaching the apical humps.
Re-description. Size: Total length (without labrum) 7.7 mm- 8.2 mm (mean=8.0 mm, n=3). Head: Shining greenish black. Mandibles yellowish, brownish distally in females, teeth brownish marginally. Labrum (male Fig. 123, female Fig. 124) longer than wide, yellowish, with six apical teeth and one lateral tooth. Labial and maxillary palpi yellowish. Antennae lanceolate, extending posteriorally behind elytral shoulders in the male, somewhat shorter in the female, scape with a single apical bristle, antennomeres 2 to 5 glabrous, antennomeres 6 to 11 finely and evenly pubescent; scape yellowish above, black on underside, all the other antennal segments blackish. Clypeus glabrous. Frons smooth with two shallow bumps in the posterior part of the orbital plates. Thorax: Pronotum shining greenish black, barely longer than wide, constricted in front and at back, transverse furrows strong, middle line and lateral lines nearly obsolete, middle line with several transverse short branches. Elytra: Shining greenish or violet black, with basal and apical humps, distinctly punctate in front, shallow in apical half (Fig. 119). Apex with angular lateral and sutural corner, slightly recurved between. Maculation composed of a long yellow humeral lunule, yellow basal dot, broad yellow central band, and yellow apex which reaches the apical humps (Figs. 120, 121). Ventral aspect: Venter black. Legs yellowish, apical halves of metatibiae and meso- and metafemura darker, tarsomeres somewhat darkened distally. Aedeagus: (Fig. 122) straight with short rounded tip, total length 1.9 mm.
Distribution. Nepal (Kosi), India (Sikkim).
Localities. INDIA, Sikkim, Khecheopari lake, 21.-26.vi.2003 (ZSMC), 15.-22.vi.2006, 1800 m (ZSMC).
description: Published as part of Wiesner, Jürgen, 2013, The chennelli group of the Genus Therates Latreille (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) 114. Contribution towards the knowledge of Cicindelidae, pp. 1-86 in Insecta Mundi 2013 (315) on page 22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5176988
Aligning Time Series on Incomparable Spaces
Creators: name: Cohen, Samuel
name: Luise, Giulia
name: Terenin, Alexander
name: Amos, Brandon
name: Deisenroth, Marc Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dynamic time warping (DTW) is a useful method for aligning, comparing and combining time series, but it requires them to live in comparable spaces. In this work, we consider a setting in which time series live on different spaces without a sensible ground metric, causing DTW to become ill-defined. To alleviate this, we propose Gromov dynamic time warping (GDTW), a distance between time series on potentially incomparable spaces that avoids the comparability requirement by instead considering intra-relational geometry. We demonstrate its effectiveness at aligning, combining and comparing time series living on incomparable spaces. We further propose a smoothed version of GDTW as a differentiable loss and assess its properties in a variety of settings, including barycentric averaging, generative modeling and imitation learning.
Energy-Momentum of a Stationary Beam of Light in Teleparallel Gravity
Creators: name: Aydogdu, Oktay
name: Salti, Mustafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper has been removed by arXiv administrators because it overlaps gr-qc/0303034. This paper also has excessive overlap with the following paper also written by the authors or their collaborators: gr-qc/0606022, and others.
description: This submission has been withdrawn by arXiv administrators due to inappropriate text reuse from external sources
Rare, faint, time evolving, and morphologically diverse: how to approach a pessimal computer vision challenge and automate the detection of light echoes at scale
Creators: name: Bianco, Federica
name: Li, Xiaolong
name: Ayinde, Rodiat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Light Echoes (LEs), the reflection of cosmic explosions on interstellar dust, can enable the discovery of unknown galactic supernovae, the tracing of the Milky Way dust structure, and insight into stellar physics. Despite their significance, LEs pose a formidable challenge in computer vision: they are faint and diffuse features that change over time, morphologically diverse, inheriting the properties of both dust and transients that originate them, and rare, with only ~100 examples detected to date. This makes it effectively a pessimal computer vision problem. The Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), which will observe the entire southern sky at ∼day time intervals with high sensitivity and spatial resolution, is an ideal LE survey. However, the LSST's alert pipeline, optimized for point sources, will overlook LEs entirely, while the 20TB/night data rates require the development of an automated detection pipeline. We are developing deep-learning methods for the automated all-sky detection and study of LEs. Our work includes the development of novel deep learning models (Li+, 2022) and exploration of the potential of existing platforms (Segment Anything Meta AI, Kirillov+, 2023). Furthermore, we are augmenting our training dataset through a combination of traditional and AI-based simulation techniques, with the goal to ensure a diverse and realistic representation of LEs while adhering to fundamental physical principles. This talk will address unique challenges posed by LEs and underscore the challenges astrophysics encounters in the application of computer vision and AI models, due to the unique nature of our data.
Agricultural Technology Adoption and Rural Poverty: Application of an Endogenous Switching Regression for Selected East African Countries
Creators: name: Asfaw, Solomon
name: Shiferaw, Bekele A.
name: Asfaw, Solomon
name: Shiferaw, Bekele A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: rural household welfare
subject: technology adoption
subject: propensity score matching
subject: endogenous switching
subject: Ethiopia
subject: Tanzania

description: Achieving agricultural growth and development and thereby improving rural household welfare will require increased efforts to provide yield enhancing and natural resources conserving technologies. Agricultural research and technological improvements are therefore crucial to increase agricultural productivity and thereby reduce poverty. However evaluation of the impact of these technologies on rural household welfare have been very limited by lack of appropriate methods and most of previous research has therefore failed to move beyond estimating economic surplus and return to research investment. This paper evaluates the potential impact of adoption of modern agricultural technologies on rural household welfare measured by crop income and consumption expenditure in rural Ethiopia and Tanzania. The study utilizes cross-sectional farm household level data collected in 2007 from a randomly selected sample of 1313 households (700 in Ethiopia and 613 in Tanzania). We estimate the casual impact of technology adoption by utilizing endogenous switching regression and propensity score matching methods to assess results robustness. This helps us estimate the true welfare effect of technology adoption by controlling for the role of selection problem on production and adoption decisions. Our analysis reveals that adoption of improved agricultural technologies has a significant positive impact on crop income although the impact on consumption expenditure is mixed. This confirms the potential direct role of technology adoption on improving rural household welfare, as higher incomes from improved technology translate into lower income poverty.
A three-axis virtual computer numerical-controlled (CNC) system
Creators: name: Yeung, Chi-Ho
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The recent trend is to perform the machining operations in a comprehensive simulation environment before physical production. This thesis presents a virtual design and simulation of CNC machine tools with Cartesian drive configurations. The Virtual CNC system accepts reference toolpath generated on CAD/CAM systems in the form of industry standard Cutter-Location (CL) format. The CL file contains the cutter dimensions, toolpath coordinates, and travel speed in machining a particular part on a CNC machine tool. The motion commands are processed by considering the trajectory generation, control law, physical characteristics of feed drives, which describe the mathematical model of the selected CNC system. The Virtual CNC system consists of parametric modules, which can be either selected from the database or defined as a new module by the user. The trajectory generation modules include various feed profiles with low and high smoothness levels along the toolpath. The transfer functions of the individual physical elements in the drives, such as ball screw, gear reduction, inertia and viscous damping of the equivalent drive train, servomotor, motion sensors, and amplifiers are mathematically modeled based on the specifications. The non-linearities such as saturation of actuator, guideway friction, and backlash are also considered. The Virtual CNC system is furbished with experimentally proven various control laws, such as P-PI, PD, PID, Pole Placement Control (PPC), and Sliding Mode Control (SMC). The linear control laws are analytically tuned according to desired performance criteria. The non-linear SMC is tuned by developing a fuzzy logic based auto-tuning algorithm. A toolpath modification technique is also introduced for smoothening out the sharp corners with quintic splines whenever it is required. With this technique, the tracking performance of the machine tool is significantly improved as the feed direction changes continuously without stopping at the corners, resulting in less excitation to the drives. The Virtual CNC system processes the entire toolpath motion, provides a time-domain response of the entire feed drive control system by including the non-linearities, and predicts the tolerance violation locations along the toolpath. The system incorporating with auto-tuning and toolpath modification technique is experimentally verified in a 2-1/2 axis machining center.
Additional file 2 of Pediatric outpatient utilization by differing Medicaid payment models in the United States
Creators: name: Canares, Therese L.
name: Friedman, Ari
name: Rodean, Jonathan
name: Burns, Rebecca R.
name: Berkowitz, Deena
name: Hall, Matt
name: Alpern, Elizabeth
name: Montalbano, Amanda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Adjusted Odds Ratio of demographics and non-complex medical conditions by outpatient care setting. Odds Ratios are adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and number of non-complex medical conditions (excluding the co-variate of interest). a The presence and number of non-complex medical conditions were identified using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality’s (AHRQ) Chronic Condition Indicator, a publicly available diagnosis-based classification system that identifies International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes as chronic or not chronic [23].
Integrating Agricultural Input Expenditure into a South African Agricultural Sector’s Partial Equilibrium Model
Creators: name: Gebrehiwet, Yemane
name: Meyer, Ferdinand H.
name: Kirsten, Johann F.
name: Gebrehiwet, Yemane
name: Meyer, Ferdinand H.
name: Kirsten, Johann F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
Farm Management

description: Agricultural inputs expenditure has not been widely incorporated in most partial equilibrium models. Moreover, input costs are treated exogenous and the recursive link between input and output side of the sector is overlooked in few of the models that attempts to incorporate input expenditures. The study has addressed both issues by integrating agricultural input expenditures into the South African sectoral partial equilibrium model by endogenising input costs and recursively linking both input and output side of the agricultural sectors to enhance the results of a standard partial equilibrium model in analysing the effect of policies on agricultural sector.
Degenerate operators in JT and Liouville (super)gravity
Creators: name: Mertens, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive explicit expressions for a specific subclass of Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity bilocal correlators, corresponding to degenerate Virasoro representations. On the disk, these degenerate correlators are structurally simple, and they allow us to shed light on the 1/C Schwarzian bilocal perturbation series. In particular, we prove that the series is asymptotic for generic weight $h\notin - \mathbb{N}/2$. Inspired by its minimal string ancestor, we propose an expression for higher genus corrections to the degenerate correlators. We discuss the extension to the $\mathcal{N}=1$ super JT model. On the disk, we similarly derive properties of the 1/C super-Schwarzian perturbation series, which we independently develop as well. As a byproduct, it is shown that JT supergravity saturates the chaos bound $λ_L = 2π/β$ at first order in 1/C. We develop the fixed-length amplitudes of Liouville supergravity at the level of the disk partition function, the bulk one-point function and the boundary two-point functions. In particular we compute the minimal superstring fixed length boundary two-point functions, which limit to the super JT degenerate correlators. We give some comments on higher topology at the end.
description: 89 pages, v3: included appendix A.2 on degenerate crossing, rearranged and augmented sections to improve readability, added references, matches published version