Psylloidea Latreille 1807
Creators: name: Bastin, Saskia
name: Burckhardt, Daniel
name: Reyes-Betancort, Alfredo
name: Hernández-Suárez, Estrella
name: Ouvrard, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera

description: Key to genera and species of Canary Island psyllids
Key to adults
1 Forewing with vein R+M+Cu trifurcating into veins R, M and Cu; pterostigma absent; anal break distant from apex of vein Cu 1b (Figs 158, 163, 171, 177, 183, 193, 194). Metabasitarsus without lateral spurs..................................... 2
- Forewing with vein R+M+Cu bifurcating into veins R and M+Cu; pterostigma usually present, sometimes small; anal break close to apex of vein Cu 1b (Fig. 6). Metabasitarsus with 0–2 lateral spurs........................................ 13
2 Apical dilatation of distal segment of aedeaus with very long, sickle-shaped process apically (Figs 67, 70, 73, 172, 178, 185). Forewing narrowly, irregularly rounded apically with vein Rs always short and concavely curved towards costal margin (Figs 171, 177, 183)...................................................................... Drepanoza gen. nov. 3
- Distal segment of aedeaus not sickle-shaped (Figs 78, 82, 85, 88, 161, 166, 186, 187). Forewing pointed or subacute apically with vein Rs sometimes long and sinuous (Figs 158, 163, 193, 194)............................................. 6
3 Body colour dimorphic: dark in males, light in females. Antenna shorter than 2.0 times head width; segment 3 light, strongly contrasting with rest of flagellum which is dark. Male proctiger bulbous, about 2.0 times as long as broad (Fig. 73). Female terminalia short, proctiger less than 0.6 times head width; circumanal ring sinuate. Hosts various...................... 4
- Body colour uniform in both sexes. Antenna longer than 2.0 times head width, flagellum gradually darkening to apex. Male proctiger elongate, about 2.5 times as long as broad (Figs 67, 70). Female terminalia long, proctiger more than 0.8 times head width; circumanal ring oval. On Convolvulus (Convolvulaceae) ................................................ 5
4 Male paramere, in lateral view, with similarly curved fore and hind margin; apex truncate (Fig. 74). Apical dilatation of distal segment of aedeagus swollen dorsally (Figs 73, 185). On Withania aristata (Solanaceae) ............. D. molinai sp. nov.
- Male paramere, in lateral view, with hind margin more strongly curved than fore margin; apex subacute. Apical dilatation of distal segment of aedeagus flat dorsally. Host unknown......................... D. montanetana (Aguiar), comb. nov.
5 Genal processes relatively long and slender (Fig. 167). Base of distal segment of aedeagus rounded (Fig. 172). On Convolvulus canariensis ........................................................................ D. canariensis sp. nov.
- Genal processes relatively short and broad (Fig. 173). Base of distal segment of aedeagus angular (Fig. 178). On Convolvulus fruticulosus ........................................................................ D. fruticulosi sp. nov.
6 Metatibia with 1+3 (exceptionally 1+2) apical metatibial spurs................................................. 7
- Metatibia with 1+2 (rarely 1+3) apical metatibial spurs....................................................... 8
7 Tibiae and tarsi dark brown to black. On Citrus (Rutaceae) ............................. Trioza erytreae (Del Guercio)
- Tibiae and tarsi whitish or yellowish. Host unknown................. Spanioza cf. cocquempoti (Burckhardt & Lauterer)
8 Vein Rs of forewing weakly sinuous or straight (Figs 158, 163); never with surface spinules in apical part of wing. Male proctiger, in lateral view, with posterior lobe (Figs 159, 164)................................... Bactericera Puton 9
- Vein Rs of forewing concavely curved toward costal margin (Figs 193, 194); surface spinules in apical part of wing present or absent. Male proctiger, in lateral view, without posterior lobe, at most slightly produced (Figs 186, 187)............... 10
9 Forewing widest in apical third (Fig. 158). Genal processes slender, weakly curved outwards (Fig. 157). Male proctiger, in lateral view, broadly rounded (Fig. 159). Paramere, in lateral view, with apical part relatively massive (Fig. 160). Distal segment of aedeagus relatively narrow (Fig. 161). On Allium (Amaryllidaceae) .................. Bactericera tremblayi (Wagner)
- Forewing widest in middle (Fig. 163). Genal processes conical (Fig. 162). Male proctiger, in lateral view, triangular (Fig. 164). Paramere, in lateral view, with apical part relatively slender (Fig. 165). Distal segment of aedeagus relatively broad (Fig. 166). On Daucus carota (Apiaceae) ................................................. Bactericera trigonica Hodkinson
10 Male subgenital plate, in lateral view, rounded or truncate posteriorly. Paramere lamellar or lanceolate. Female proctiger subacute apically.................................................................................... 11
- Male subgenital plate, in lateral view, ending in short process posteriorly (Figs 76, 80, 83, 86). Paramere narrowing suddenly in apical third, with digitiform apical process. Female proctiger blunt apically (Fig. 79). On Convolvulus floridus (Convolvulaceae) .................................................................... Percyella gen. nov. 12
11 Forewing <2.8 times as long as wide with surface spinules present in all cells, sometimes reduced to base of cells. Paramere, in lateral view, lanceolate, shorter than proctiger (Fig. 186). On Chenopodium album (Amaranthaceae) ........................................................................................... Heterotrioza chenopodii (Reuter)
- Forewing> 2.8 times as long as wide lacking surface spinules except for base of cell cu 2. Paramere, in lateral view, lamellar, about as long as proctiger (Fig. 187). On Laurus novocanariensis (Lauraceae) ........ Lauritrioza laurisilvae (Hodkinson)
12 La Palma. Male terminalia as in Figs 76–78............................................... P. benahorita sp. nov.
- Gran Canaria, adventive on Tenerife. Male terminalia as in Figs 80–82............................. P. canari sp. nov.
- La Gomera. Male terminalia as in Figs 83–85............................................... P. gomerita sp. nov.
- Tenerife, adventive on La Palma. Male terminalia as in Figs 86–88.............................. P. guanche sp. nov.
13 Meracanthus on metacoxa small and tubercular (Figs 91, 99)................................................. 14
- Meracanthus on metacoxa large and horn-shaped (Figs 128, 145, 182, 192)...................................... 20
14 Genal processes developed. Male proctiger bipartite. On Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) ................................. 15
- Genal processes lacking. Male proctiger unipartite. On other plants............................................ 16
15 Genal processes shorter than vertex along coronal suture (Fig. 106). Forewing narrowly rounded apically (Fig. 107). Mesotibia with longitudinal subapical comb of bristles along outer side........................ Ctenarytaina eucalypti (Maskell)
- Genal processes longer than vertex along coronal suture. Forewing angular apically. Mesotibia lacking longitudinal subapical comb of bristles............................................................ Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore
16 Body and forewing covered with long, conspicuous setae. Rhinaria present only on antennal segments 4, 6, 8 and 9. Forewing lacking distinct pattern; nodal line absent. On Cistus monspeliensis (Cistaceae) ............... Lisronia echidna Loginova
- Body and forewing lacking long, conspicuous setae. Rhinaria present on antennal segments 4–9 (Figs 90, 98). Forewing with dark pattern consisting of spots or transverse bands (Figs 92, 95, 100, 103). On Pistacia (Anacardiaceae) and Ruta (Rutaceae) ................................................................................ Agonoscena Enderlein 17
17 Forewing with vein C+Sc concave (Fig. 95). Antennal segment 10 with both terminal setae distinctly longer than segmental length................................................................................... A. cisti (Puton)
- Forewing with vein C+Sc convex or straight (Figs 92, 100, 103). Antennal segment 10 with at least 1 terminal seta shorter than segmental length.................................................................................... 18
18 Dark forewing pattern consisting of a single apical band (Fig. 92). Male subgenital plate broadly rounded posteriorly (Fig. 20). Posterior lobe of paramere arising slightly distal of middle of paramere (Fig. 21). Distal segment of aedeagus with weakly sinuous end tube of ductus ejaculatorius (Fig. 93). Dorsal margin of female proctiger, in lateral view, weakly sinuate in apical half; female subgenital plate strongly narrowed in middle, forming narrow process (Fig. 22). On Pistacia atlantica ........................................................................................... A. atlantica sp. nov.
- Dark forewing pattern consisting of 2 bands, 1 subapical and 1 apical (Figs 100, 103). Male subgenital plate with small or large posterior hump (Figs 23, 104). Posterior lobe of paramere arising near base of paramere (Figs 24, 104). Distal segment of aedeagus with strongly sinuous end tube of ductus ejaculatorius (Fig. 101). Female proctiger, in lateral view, strongly sinuate in apical half (Fig. 25, 105); female subgenital plate evenly narrowed to apex, distal part relatively broad (Figs 25, 105).... .................................................................................................. 19
19 Posterior lobe of paramere narrow, subacute apically, shorter than anterior lobe (Fig. 24). Male subgenital plate with large posterior hump (Fig. 23). Head with concave fore margin (Fig. 97). On Ruta pinnata ................. A. sinuata sp. nov.
- Posterior lobe of paramere broad, truncate apically, larger than anterior lobe (Fig. 104). Male subgenital plate with small posterior hump (Fig. 104). Head with straight fore margin (Fig. 102). On Pistacia lentiscus ...... A. targionii (Lichtenstein)
20 Metapostnotum bearing a pair of large tubercles. Forewing lacking costal break, vein Cu 1 much shorter than Cu 1a. Male proctiger bipartite. On Ficus microcarpa (Moraceae) .................................. Macrohomotoma gladiata Kuwayama
- Metapostnotum lacking large tubercles. Forewing usually with costal break, vein Cu 1 longer than Cu 1a. Male proctiger unipartite. On other hosts...................................................................................... 21
21 Metatibia with 6 or more apical spurs, forming a posteriorly open crown........................................ 22
- Metatibia with 5 apical spurs, grouped as 4+1 or 1+3+1..................................................... 30
22 Head with anterior lobes enclosing median ocellus, so that it is visible only from above (Figs 108, 109). On Olea and Picconia (Oleaceae) ......................................................................................... 23
- Vertex passing smoothly into genae, or genae forming conical processes or flattened lobes that do not enclose the median ocellus. On other hosts............................................................................... 26
23 Antenna much longer than head width. Forewing oblong oval (Fig. 114). On Olea ....... Megadicrania tecticeps Loginova
- Antenna about as long as head width. Forewing subtriangular (Fig. 111)......................... Euphyllura Foerster 24
24 Pterostigma of forewing lacking transverse veins. On Picconia excelsa ........................ E. canariensis Loginova
- Pterostigma of forewing bearing transverse veins (Figs 111, 112). On Olea europaea .............................. 25
25 Paramere, in lateral view, narrowly lanceolate with subacute apex (Fig. 27)........................ E. confusa sp. nov.
- Paramere, in lateral view, with flat lobe anteriorly and blunt apically (Fig. 113)...................... E. olivina (Costa)
26 Vertex smoothly curved down to genae. On Erica (Ericaceae) ............................... Strophingia Enderlein 27
- Head bearing genal processes or lobes anteriorly. On other hosts.............................................. 28
27 Forewing without costal break (Fig. 122). Male proctiger weakly produced posteriorly (Fig. 30). Paramere lacking posterior lobe (Fig. 31). Apical dilatation of distal segment of aedeagus forming slender hook (Fig. 32). Female subgenital plate evenly narrowing to apex, not forming apical process (Fig. 33). On Erica platycodon ssp. platycodon ...... S. canariensis sp. nov.
- Forewing with costal break (Fig. 124). Male proctiger straight posteriorly (Fig. 34, 38, 42). Paramere with small posterior lobe subapically (Figs 35, 39, 43). Apical dilatation of distal segment of aedeagus thickset, forming broad hook (Figs 36, 40, 44). Female subgenital plate narrowing abruptly in middle, forming an apical process (Figs 37, 41, 45). On Erica canariensis ....................................................................................... S. paligera sp. nov.
28 Genae forming anteriorly blunt lobes. Male proctiger with long posterior lobes. Presumably on Tamarix (Tamaricaceae) ................................................................................ Colposcenia viridis Loginova
- Genae forming anteriorly subacute, sometimes irregular cones. Male proctiger rounded posteriorly, lacking posterior lobes...................................................................................... Diaphorina L̂w 29
29 Genal processes shorter than coronal suture, symmetrical. Forewing widest in middle, dark pattern mostly concentrated along apical margin. Host unknown................................................... Diaphorina continua Loginova
- Genal processes longer than coronal suture, asymmetric (Figs 125, 126). Forewing widest in apical quarter, dark pattern more expanded (Figs 129, 245). On Gymnosporia cassinoides (Celastraceae) .................. Diaphorina gonzalezi sp. nov.
30 Metabasitarsus with 2 lateral spurs...................................................................... 31
- Metabasitarsus without or with 1 lateral spur.............................................................. 36
31 Head lacking genal processes.......................................................................... 32
- Head bearing genal processes.......................................................................... 33
32 Body including wings shorter than 2.5 mm. Metatibia lacking genual spine. Paramere bifid. On Leucaena leucocephala (Fabaceae) .................................................................. Heteropsylla cubana Crawford
- Body including wings longer than 3.5 mm. Metatibia bearing large genual spine. Paramere simple. On Tipuana tipu (Fabaceae) .............................................................. Platycorypha nigrivirga Burckhardt
33 Forewing with surface spinules much reduced, restricted to middle of cells in apical half of wing (Fig. 148), more expanded in cell cu 2. Genal processes thickset, blunt apically (Fig. 142). Paramere simple, digitiform with anteriorly pointing sclerotised tooth, inner face beset with moderately long, simple setae (Fig. 60). Dorsal outline of female proctiger sinuate (Fig. 62). On Rhamnus crenulata (Rhamnaceae) ............................................... Cacopsylla crenulatae sp. nov.
- Forewing with surface spinules present in all cells (Fig. 155). Genal processes slender, subacute apically (Fig. 150). Paramere complex, either with small antero-subapical lobe, flat postero-apical lobe on outer face and with large, strongly sclerotised posteriorly pointing apex, or inner face with a longitudinal row of sclerotised spurs (Figs 64, 156). Dorsal outline of female proctiger almost straight or concave (Fig. 66). On other hosts................................................. 34
34 Paramere with a small anterior and posterior lobe subapically; sclerotised apex curved backwards; inner face of paramere beset with long unsclerotised setae, without strongly sclerotised spurs. Female proctiger blunt apically. Probably on Salix canariensis (Salicaceae) ................................................................ Cacopsylla atlantica (Loginova)
- Paramere, in lateral view, lamellar or digitiform; sclerotised apex curved forwards; inner face of paramere with long unsclerotised setae and 1 or 2 rows of strongly sclerotised spurs. Female proctiger pointed apically. On Rhamnus (Rhamnaceae) ....... 35
35 Veins of forewing brown. Paramere, in lateral view, relatively broad with slightly sinuous fore margin; with many, relatively dense spurs on inner face, present from base to apical fifth. Female terminalia relatively short. Tenerife. Likely on Rhamnus glandulosa ................................................................... Cacopsylla exima (Loginova)
- Veins of forewing yellow or ochreous. Paramere, in lateral view, relatively narrow with almost straight fore margin; with few, relatively sparse spurs on the inner face, present from base to apical third (Figs 64, 156). Female terminalia very long (Fig. 66). La Gomera. On Rhamnus glandulosa ............................................. Cacopsylla falcicauda sp. nov.
36 Metabasitarsus lacking lateral spurs. On Retama rhodorhizoides (Fabaceae) ............ Livilla monospermae Hodkinson
- Metabasitarsus with 1 lateral spur. On other hosts.......................................................... 37
37 Forewing pattern consisting of small diffuse spots mostly in apical half; cell m 1 long and narrow, cell cu 1 narrow and high. Male proctiger with posterior lobe and digitiform process. Female terminalia short. On introduced Acacia and Paraserianthes (Fabaceae) ...................................................................... Acizzia Heslop-Harrison 38
- Forewing membrane clear or pattern different; cell m 1 shorter and wider, cell cu 1 wider and lower. Male proctiger lacking posterior lobe and digitiform process. Female terminalia long. On native Fabaceae ................................ 39
38 Male proctiger with the tubular apical portion short and broad. Paramere longer than proctiger; in lateral view lamellar. Apex of distal segment of aedeagus bulbous. Female proctiger, in lateral view, triangular. Host for Canary Islands unknown............................................................................ Acizzia acaciaebaileyanae (Froggatt)
- Male proctiger with tubular apical portion long and narrow. Paramere shorter than proctiger; in lateral view with broad basal three quarters and narrow apical process. Apex of distal segment of aedeagus harpoon-shaped. Female proctiger, in lateral view, rhomboid. On Acacia cyclops and Paraserianthes lophantha ..................... Acizzia uncatoides (Ferris & Klyver)
39 Forewing coriaceous, yellow-brown becoming darker at the margins. On Spartocytisus filipes ...................................................................................................... Arytainilla serpentina Percy
- Forewing not coriaceous, either clear or with darker dots or patches in the apical cells. On other hosts................. 40
40 Forewing lacking costal break and pterostigma............................................. Arytaina Foerster 41
- Forewing bearing costal break and long pterostigma........................................... Arytinnis Percy 45
41 Forewing longer than 2.5 times width; forewing margins more-or-less parallel, apex more acutely rounded; veins and apical cells never with small dark patches at wing margin......................................................... 42
- Forewing shorter than 2.5 times width; forewing widest in the apical third, with apex broadly rounded; veins and cells m 1, m 2 and cu 1 often with small dark patches at wing margin....................................................... 43
42 Abdomen with dark, longitudinal dorsal stripe, more distinct in females. Paramere longer than 0.33 mm and with length greater than 0.9 times subgenital plate height; narrower; interior medial ridge extended inwards, such that inner margins of the ridge are virtually straight and nearly contiguous when parameres close, supporting short setae, visible clearly only in posterior view. El Hierro, La Gomera, La Palma. On Spartocytisus .............................................. A. vittata Percy
- Abdomen without dark, longitudinal dorsal stripe. Paramere shorter than 0.33 mm and with length less than 0.9 times subgenital plate height; broader; interior medial ridge weakly developed and supporting relatively long setae, visible clearly only in posterior view. Tenerife. On Spartocytisus supranubius ...................................... A. nubivaga Loginova
43 Forewing without dark spots in middle of cells m 1, m 2 and cu 1 along margin (Fig. 141); vein Rs almost straight or weakly sinuous (Fig. 141). Apical dilatation of distal segment of the aedeagus with posterior margin angled (Fig. 57). Gran Canaria. On Chamaecytisus proliferus ssp. meridionalis .......................................... A. meridionalis sp. nov.
- Forewing with dark spots in middle of cells m 1, m 2 and cu 1 along margin (Figs 135, 140); vein Rs sinuate (Figs 135, 140).Apical dilatation of distal segment of the aedeagus with posterior margin rounded (Figs 53, 133). On other hosts.............. 44
44 Forewing with distinct black spot on margin of cells m 1, m 2 and cu 1 (Fig. 135). Paramere, in lateral view, S-shaped, broad, gradually narrowing to apex with pronounced posterior bulge at base (Fig. 132). Female proctiger distal to circumanal ring, in lateral view, almost straight (Fig. 134). La Gomera, Tenerife. On Chamaecytisus proliferus ssp. angustifolius and ssp. proliferus var. palmensis ......................................................................... A. devia Loginova
- Forewing with indistinct brown spot on margin of cells m 1, m 2 and cu 1 (Fig. 140). Paramere, in lateral view, relatively straight, more-or-less parallel-sided and narrow in apical two thirds, with weakly pronounced posterior bulge at base (Fig. 52). Female proctiger distal to circumanal ring, in lateral view, concave (Fig. 54). La Palma. On Chamaecytisus proliferus ssp. proliferus var. palmensis ...................................................................... A. insularis stat. nov.
45 Forewing veins with distinct light and dark banding........................................................ 46
- Forewing veins uniformly coloured, pale to mid-brown...................................................... 47
46 Forewing veins with light and dark bands of more-or-less equal frequency. Paramere, in lateral view, tapering towards apex, without a medial blade; sclerotised apex with a pronounced anterior projection. Gran Canaria, La Gomera, Tenerife. On Adenocarpus foliolosus ........................................................... A. nigralineata (Loginova)
- Forewing veins with longer dark bands and fewer short, light bands. Paramere, in lateral view, with an apically thin neck above a broad, medially positioned blade produced on the external side and directed anteriorly, sclerotised apex with slight anterior and posterior projections. La Palma, Tenerife. On Adenocarpus ........................... A. proboscidea (Loginova)
47 Male and female terminalia strikingly large; paramere longer than 0.5 mm, longer than 0.7 times head width; female proctiger longer than 1.2 times head width........................................................................ 48
- Male and female terminalia smaller; paramere no more than 0.5 mm long, shorter than 0.7 times head width; female proctiger shorter than 1.2 times head width....................................................................... 51
48 Surface spinules of forewing dense, 60–100 per 0.1 mm 2. Paramere broad with a medially positioned blade produced on the external side and directed anteriorly; sclerotised apex, in lateral view, dorsally flattened with a slight medial depression and broadly expanded. Tip of apical hook of distal segment of aedeagus not or only slightly upturned. Female terminalia robust. Tenerife. On Teline .................................................................... A. menceyata Percy
- Surface spinules of forewing sparse, less than 40 per 0.1 mm 2. Paramere in basal portion more-or-less parallel-sided, without a medial blade, but with a prominent shoulder on the anterior margin towards the apex, above which the apex curves inwards; sclerotised apex, in lateral view, small, and positioned to the interior and posterior of the top of the paramere. Tip of apical hook of distal segment of aedeagus markedly upturned. Female terminalia slender and elongate. On other hosts............. 49
49 Smaller species: antenna shorter than 1.5 mm; forewing shorter than 2.4 mm; female proctiger shorter than 1.0 mm. Paramere, in lateral view, with a horizontal anterior shoulder close to the apex, about three quarters up from the base; and with apex, in dorsal view, distinctly curved. La Gomera. On Teline stenopetala ................................. A. hupalupa Percy
- Larger species: antenna longer than 1.5 mm; forewing longer than 2.4 mm; female proctiger longer than 1.0 mm. Paramere, in lateral view, either with a sloping anterior shoulder two thirds up from the base; apex, in dorsal view, strongly S-shaped, or with a horizontal anterior shoulder close to apex, or with apex, in dorsal view, not or only weakly curved.................. 50
50 Paramere, in lateral view, with a posterior bulge at base and with a sloping anterior shoulder produced about two-thirds up from base; apex curving posteriorly and, in dorsal view, strongly S-shaped and expanded towards the sclerotised tip. Gran Canaria, La Gomera, Tenerife. On Chamaecytisus proliferus ........................................ A. dividens (Loginova)
- Paramere, in lateral view, without a posterior bulge at base and with a sharper, horizontal anterior shoulder closer to apex, about three-quarters up from base; apex not or weakly curving posteriorly and, in dorsal view, not or weakly curved and tapering towards sclerotised tip. El Hierro, La Palma. On Chamaecytisus proliferus and Teline stenopetala .... A. modica (Loginova)
51 Paramere, in lateral view, with an apically thin neck above a medially positioned blade, sometimes reduced to a shallow ridge, produced on external side and directed anteriorly........................................................... 52
- Paramere, in lateral view, without a medial blade or ridge, either simple with sides tapering towards apex or more parallel-sided with a slight terminal blade present laterally exterior to apex, then with sclerotised apex positioned either to interior or posterior of top of paramere................................................................................... 54
52 Paramere longer than 1.25 times male subgenital plate height; sclerotised apex, in lateral view, with small anterior projection, and, in dorsal view, contiguous anteriorly or contiguous along inner margin. Tenerife. On Teline osyrioides ... A. ochrita Percy
- Paramere as long as or shorter than 1.25 times subgenital plate height; sclerotised apex, in lateral view, with slight anterior and posterior projections, and, in dorsal view, contiguous posteriorly.............................................. 53
53 Genal processes shorter than 0.5 times vertex length; terminal setae darkly pigmented. Paramere, in lateral view, with distinct medial blade supporting several long stout setae; sclerotised apex dorsally with a well-rounded bulge. Metabasitarsus longer than apical metatarsal segment. Tenerife. On Teline canariensis ................................ A. canariensis Percy
- Genal processes as long as or longer than 0.5 times vertex length; terminal setae pale. Paramere, in lateral view, with shallow medial ridge supporting several short, stout setae; sclerotised apex dorsally flattened. Metabasitarsus as long as or shorter than apical metatarsal segment. Tenerife. On Teline ............................................ A. pileolata (Loginova)
54 Paramere, in lateral view, more-or-less parallel-sided with a slight terminal blade present laterally exterior to apex, and with sclerotised apex positioned either to the interior or posterior of top of paramere................................... 55
- Paramere, in lateral view, simple, either straight or more curvaceous, with sides tapering towards apex................ 56
55 Terminal setae on genal processes darkly pigmented. Paramere longer than 1.4 times height of subgenital plate; in lateral view, apex not bent forwards, and with 3 or 4 stout setae at the top of terminal blade, and sclerotised apex more-or-less triangular; sclerotised portion, in dorsal view, contiguous anteriorly. Distal segment of aedeagus with tip of apical hook turned upwards. Female proctiger, in lateral view, with a post-anal depression; female subgenital plate without pointed projections on dorsal margin. Gran Canaria, Tenerife. On Teline ................................................. A. diluta (Loginova)
- Terminal setae on genal processes pale. Paramere shorter than 1.4 times height of subgenital plate; in lateral view, apex curving forwards, terminal blade and sclerotised apex with anterior projections; sclerotised portion, in dorsal view, contiguous posteriorly. Distal segment of aedeagus with tip of apical hook not upturned. Female proctiger, in lateral view, more-or-less straight dorsally; female subgenital plate with pointed projections on dorsal margin. Gran Canaria. On Teline .............................................................................................. A. equitans (Loginova)
56 Paramere, in lateral view, S-shaped with the posterior margin strongly curved forward medially and with an isolated, medial field of stout spines on the interior surface; sclerotised apex more-or-less flattened with slight anterior projection. La Gomera. On Teline stenopetala ................................................................... A. gomerae Percy
- Paramere, in lateral view, with posterior margin more-or-less straight, if stout spines present on the interior surface, positioned and extending more towards the base of the paramere; sclerotised apex rounded with small anteriorly and interiorly directed hook, or small anterior projection. On other hosts.......................................................... 57
57 Antenna longer than 1.7 mm. Inner face of paramere with stout bristles on the posterior and sometimes anterior sides of a medial ridge; sclerotised apex, in dorsal view, with inner margin concave. Apex of distal segment of aedeagus with a well-developed, curved hook. El Hierro, La Palma. On Teline stenopetala ............................ A. occidentalis Percy
- Antennae shorter than 1.7 mm. Inner face of paramere either lacking stout bristles or with stout bristles present anteriorly at the base; sclerotised apex, in dorsal view, with inner margin straight-edged or rounded with an acute point. Apex of distal segment of aedeagus with a flattened, shallow hook. On other hosts................................................... 58
58 Paramere longer than 1.3 times height of subgenital plate; sclerotised apex, in dorsal view, contiguous along inner margin. Female proctiger longer than head width, with the circumanal ring shorter than 0.25 times proctiger length. Gran Canaria. On Teline microphylla .................................................................. A. prognata (Loginova)
- Paramere shorter than 1.3 times height of subgenital plate; sclerotised apex, in dorsal view, contiguous anteriorly. Female proctiger shorter than the head width, with the circumanal ring longer than 0.25 times proctiger length................ 59
59 Antenna longer than 1.5 mm, as long as or longer than 2.0 times head width. Inner face of paramere with stout bristles present anteriorly at base, and several long slender bristles on anterior margin; sclerotised apex, in dorsal view, with inner margins straight. Metatibia longer than 0.7 times head width. La Palma. On Teline splendens .................. A. fortunata Percy
- Antenna shorter than 1.3 mm, about 1.5 times as long as head width. Inner face of paramere lacking stout bristles, with the anterior margin supporting several short, slender bristles; sclerotised apex, in dorsal view, with inner margins rounded to an acute point. Metatibia shorter than 0.7 times head width. Gran Canaria. On Teline rosmarinifolia ......... A. romeria Percy
Key to fifth-instar immatures
Note: (Immatures of the following species are unknown and are not included in the key: Arytinnis canariensis Percy, 2003, Cacopsylla exima (Loginova, 1976), Colposcenia viridis Loginova, 1972, Diaphorina continua Loginova, 1972 and Drepanoza montanetana (Aguiar, 2001), comb. nov.)
1 Mesothoracic and metathoracic sclerites fused with fore- and hindwing pads, respectively................... Triozidae 2
- Mesothoracic and metathoracic sclerites separated from fore- and hindwing pads................................. 11
2 Antenna strongly curved in basal third or half. Claws reduced or absent. On Convolvulaceae or Solanaceae ............. 3
- Antenna straight or weakly curved. Both claws fully developed. On other plant families............................. 7
3 Tarsal arolium circular; claws absent (Figs 204, 210). Hosts various................................... Drepanoza 4
- Tarsal arolium forming claw-like structure; claws reduced each forming a small elongate structure (Fig. 216). On Convolvulus floridus (Convolvulaceae) ...................................................................... Percyella 6
4 Humeral lobe ending distal to fore margin of eye (Fig. 208). Marginal sectasetae scale-like (Fig. 209). Outer circumanal ring transverse (Fig. 211). On Withania aristata (Solanaceae) ....................................... D. molinai sp. nov.
- Humeral lobe ending about at hind margin of eye (Figs 202, 206). Marginal sectasetae or lanceolate setae slender, pointed. Outer circumanal ring circular, small, incomplete anteriorly (Fig. 205). On Convolvulus (Convolvulaceae) .............. 5
5 Margin of wing pads and caudal plate with very slender lanceolate or indistinct sectasetae (Fig. 203). Body longer than 1.90 mm. On Convolvulus canariensis ............................................... Drepanoza canariensis sp. nov.
- Margin of wing pads and caudal plate with distinct pointed sectasetae (Fig.207). Body shorter than 1.35 mm. On Convolvulus fruticulosus ................................................................. Drepanoza fruticulosi sp. nov.
6 La Palma.......................................................................... P. benahorita sp. nov.
- Gran Canaria........................................................................... P. canari sp. nov.
- La Gomera........................................................................... P. gomerita sp. nov.
- Tenerife............................................................................. P. guanche sp. nov.
7 Humeral lobe large, with anterior end located distal to anterior eye margin. On Amaryllidaceae, Apiaceae and Rutaceae .... 8
- Humeral lobe short, with anterior end located near posterior eye margin, never reaching beyond anterior eye margin (Fig. 212). On Amaranthaceae and Lauraceae ....................................................................... 10
8 Antenna 6 or 7 segmented. Outer circumanal ring transversely ribbon-shaped, its width more than 7 times its length on longitudinal body axis. On Citrus (Rutaceae) ........................................ Trioza erytreae (Del Guercio)
- Antenna 3 segmented. Outer circumanal ring irregularly oval or heart-shaped, its width less than 5 times its length on longitudinal body axis. On Amaryllidaceae, Apiaceae ................................................................... 9
9 Marginal sectasetae on forewing pads dense, their bases separated by about 1 setal diameter. On Allium (Amaryllidaceae) ............................................................................. Bactericera tremblayi (Wagner)
- Marginal sectasetae on forewing pads more widely spaced, their bases separated by about 2 setal diameters. On Daucus carota (Apiaceae) .................................................................. Bactericera trigonica Hodkinson
10 Marginal sectasetae truncate. Circumanal ring transversely oval. On Chenopodium album (Amaranthaceae) ....................................................................................... Heterotrioza chenopodii (Reuter)
- Marginal sectasetae pointed. Circumanal ring heart-shaped, undulate. On Laurus novocanariensis (Lauraceae) ..................................................................................... Lauritrioza laurisilvae Hodkinson
11 Abdomen, in addition to circumanal ring, with extra pore fields; rarely with circumanal ring reduced................. 12
- Abdomen lacking additional pore fields; circumanal ring not reduced.......................................... 18
12 Caudal plate and circumanal ring reduced; last abdominal segment conical. Antenna 9 segmented. Immature developing under a lerp. On Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) ............................................. Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore
- Caudal plate and circumanal ring developed; caudal plate irregularly rounded or angular posteriorly. Antenna 7 or 8 segmented; segments 3 and 8 sometimes incompletely subdivided. Immatures free living.................................... 13
13 Antenna 7 segmented. On Anacardiaceae and Rutaceae ................................... Agonoscena Enderlein 14
- Antenna 8 segmented................................................................................ 17
14 Margin of hindwing pad with 5–7 marginal lanceolate setae. On Ruta pinnata (Rutaceae) .............. A. sinuata sp. nov.
- Margin of hindwing pad with 3–4 marginal lanceolate setae. On Pistacia (Anacardiaceae) .......................... 15
15 Margin of forewing pad with about half of the setae simple and pointed, and half lanceolate and blunt. On Pistacia atlantica .................................................................................... A. atlantica sp. nov.
- Most marginal setae on forewing pad lanceolate and apically truncate.......................................... 16
16 Antenna longer than forewing pad. Caudal plate with fewer than 12 pairs of marginal lanceolate setae....... A. cisti (Puton)
- Antenna shorter than forewing pad. Caudal plate with more than 12 pairs of marginal lanceolate setae. On Pistacia lentiscus ................................................................................ A. targionii (Lichtenstein)
17 Extra pore fields forming small oval areas on abdominal margins. On Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) ............................................................................................ Ctenarytaina eucalypti (Ferris & Klyver)
- Extra pore fields forming half circles on dorsal and ventral faces of caudal plate. On Olea and Picconia (Oleaceae) .............................................. Euphyllura canariensis Loginova, E. confusa sp. nov. and E. olivina (Costa)
18 Antennal flagellum not subdivided; if indistinctly subdivided then bearing 6 rhinaria. Forewing pad bearing large humeral lobe. Margin of caudal plate with few to many lanceolate setae.................................................... 19
- Antennal flagellum clearly subdivided. Forewing pad lacking humeral lobe. Margin of caudal plate generally lacking lanceolate setae.............................................................................................. 21
19 Caudal plate broadly rounded or indistinctly angular terminally. Abdominal margin (each side) with 45–49 closely spaced lanceolate setae. On Gymnosporia cassinoides (Celastraceae) .......................... Diaphorina gonzalezi sp. nov.
- Caudal plate sharply pointed terminally. Abdominal margin (each side) with 5–15 loosely spaced lanceolate setae. On Erica (Ericaceae) ...................................................................... Strophingia Enderlein 20
20 Margin of forewing pad bearing 4–6 large conspicuous teeth.Abdominal margin (each side) with 5–8 lanceolate setae. On Erica platycodon ssp. platycodon ........................................................... S. canariensis sp. nov.
- Margin of forewing pad irregularly, inconspicuously serrate. Abdominal margin (each side) with 10–15 lanceolate setae. On Erica canariensis ...................................................................... S. paligera sp. nov.
21 Antenna 9 or 10 segmented............................................................................ 22
- Antenna 8 segmented. On native Fabaceae ............................................ Arytinnis Percy (in part) 28
- Antenna 7 segmented................................................................................ 29
22 Antenna shorter than 1.5 times length of forewing pad. Hosts various.......................................... 23
- Antenna longer than 1.5 times length of forewing pad. On Fabaceae ........................................... 26
23 Caudal plate pointed terminally. On Ficus microcarpa (Moraceae) ................ Macrohomotoma gladiata Kuwayama
- Caudal plate rounded or truncate terminally. On other hosts.................................................. 24
24 Anus terminal, circumanal ring spreading dorsally and ventrally. On Olea (Oleaceae) ..... Megadicrania tecticeps Loginova
- Anus and circumanal ring ventral. On introduced Acacia and Paraserianthes (Fabaceae) ....... Acizzia Heslop-Harrison 25
25 Body, legs and wing pads lacking conspicuous black capitate setae. Host for Canary Islands unknown............................................................................................. A. acaciaebaileyanae (Froggatt)
- Body, legs and wing pads covered with conspicuous black capitate setae, each about as long as width of circumanal ring. On Acacia cyclops and Paraserianthes lophantha ..................................... A. uncatoides (Ferris & Klyver)
26 Hindwing pad with a single apical sectaseta. Thorax and abdomen without long dorsal setae. On Tipuana tipu ................................................................................... Platycorypha nigrivirga Burckhardt
- Hindwing pad lacking apical sectaseta. Thorax and abdomen bearing conspicuous dorsal setae, each about as long as width of circumanal ring. On other hosts..................................................... Arytinnis Percy (in part) 27
27 Wing pads with simple and capitate setae. Caudal plate with 4 moderate or long setae dorsally; marginal setae, apart from sectasetae, distinctly capitate. Gran Canaria, La Gomera, Tenerife. On Adenocarpus foliolosus ....................................................................................................... A. nigralineata (Loginova)
- Wing pads with simple setae only. Caudal plate with 6 moderate or long setae dorsally; marginal setae, apart from sectasetae, simple or only narrowly capitate. La Palma, Tenerife. On Adenocarpus ..................... A. proboscidea (Loginova)
28 Antenna shorter than 1.0 mm and 1.5 times head width. Post-ocular setae distinctly capitate; dorsal thoracic setae short simple and long capitate; proximal setae on wing pads distinctly capitate; hindwing pad with 2 capitate macrosetae. La Gomera. On Teline stenopetala ...................................................................... A. gomerae Percy
- Antennae longer than 1.0 mm and 1.5 times head width. Post-ocular setae simple or only narrowly capitate; dorsal thoracic setae long simple; proximal setae on wing pads simple or only narrowly capitate; hindwing pad with 1 capitate macroseta. El Hierro, La Palma. On Teline stenopetala .................................................. A. occidentalis Percy
29 Margin of caudal plate bearing lanceolate setae............................................................ 30
- Margin of caudal plate lacking lanceolate setae but often with sectasetae........................................ 31
30 Lanceolate setae restricted to 4+4 on margin of caudal plate. On Leucaena leucocephala (Fabaceae) ............................................................................................... Heteropsylla cubana Crawford
- Lanceolate setae covering whole body. On Cistus monspeliensis (Cistaceae) ................. Lisronia echidna Loginova
31 Margin of caudal plate with 0, 1+1 or 2+2 sectasetae........................................................ 32
- Margin of caudal plate with 3+3 or 4+4 sectasetae.......................................................... 37
32 Caudal plate dorsum with over 20 pairs of moderate and long capitate setae. Outer circumanal ring circular, very small, about a third as wide as long capitate setae on terminal margin of caudal plate. Likely on Salix canariensis (Salicaceae) ................................................................................... Cacopsylla atlantica (Loginova)
- Caudal plate dorsum with 3 pairs or less of moderate and long capitate setae. Outer circumanal ring heart-shaped, moderately small, more than half as wide as long capitate setae on terminal margin of caudal plate. On Fabaceae ... Arytaina Foerster. .. .................................................................................................. 33
33 Protibia bearing 1 or 2 capitate setae..................................................................... 34
- Protibia lacking capitate setae.......................................................................... 36
34 Margin of caudal plate with 1+1 sectasetae. Gran Canaria. On Chamaecytisus proliferus ssp. meridionalis ............................................................................................... A. meridionalis sp. nov.
- Margin of caudal plate without sectasetae. On other hosts.................................................... 35
35 Tenerife, La Gomera. On Chamaecytisus proliferus ssp. angustifolius and ssp. proliferus var palmensis ... A. devia Loginova
- La Palma. On Chamaecytisus proliferus ssp. proliferus var. palmensis .......................... A. insularis Loginova
36 Margin of caudal plate with 2+2 sectasetae. Tenerife. On Spartocytisus supranubius ............... A. nubivaga Loginova
- Margin of caudal plate with 1+1 sectasetae. El Hierro, La Gomera, La Palma. On Spartocytisus ........... A. vittata Percy
37 Anterior margin of head, and third and fifth antennal segments distally, with distinctly capitate setae. Dorsum of thorax and wing pads with numerous small, pale, capitate setae. On Retama rhodorhizoides (Fabaceae) ................................................................................................... Livilla monospermae Hodkinson
- Anterior margin of head with simple or narrowly capitate setae; antenna with simple setae only. Thorax and wing pads usually without capitate setae, if present they are long and darkly pigmented........................................... 38
38 Forewing pad and abdomen narrowly rounded apically. Antenna shorter than forewing pad length. On Spartocytisus filipes (Fabaceae) .................................................................... Arytainilla serpentina Percy
- Forewing pad and abdomen broadly rounded apically. Antenna as long as or longer than forewing pad length........... 39
39 Abdominal margin with 3+3 sectasetae.................................................................. 40
- Abdominal margin with 4+4 sectasetae (Fabaceae)..................................... Arytinnis Percy (in part) 44
40 Tibiae bearing 1 or more distinctly capitate setae (Fabaceae).............................. Arytinnis Percy (in part) 41
- Tibiae with simple setae only.......................................................................... 42
41 Wing pads each with 2 macrosetae, proximal and apical. Antenna longer than 0.8 mm and 1.68 times forewing pad length. Secondary (= more medial) post-ocular seta prominent. Thorax dorsally with short and long simple setae. Meso- and metatibiae each with 2 or more capitate setae. Gran Canaria, La Gomera, Tenerife. On Chamaecytisus proliferus .................................................................................................... A. dividens (Loginova)
- Wing pads each with 1 apical macroseta, proximal setae indistinct. Antenna shorter than 0.8 mm and 1.68 times forewing pad length. Secondary post-ocular seta indistinct. Thorax dorsally with very short simple setae. Meso- and metatibiae each with 1 capitate seta. Tenerife. On Teline osyrioides .................................................... A. ochrita Percy
42 Forewing pad bearing 2 long marginal setae, the apical one always distinctly capitate. Gran Canaria. On Teline (Fabaceae) .............................................................................. Arytinnis equitans (Loginova)
- Forewing pad margin with 0 or 1 long simple seta, or with 16–18 short or moderately long setae. On Rhamnus (Rhamnaceae) ... Cacopsylla Ossiannilsson (in part).................................................................... 43
43 Thoracic and abdominal tergites light brown. Forewing pad without marginal capitate seta; hindwing pad and caudal plate with 1 and 1+1 short club-shaped marginal setae, respectively. La Gomera, Tenerife. On Rhamnus crenulata ................................................................................................... C. crenulatae sp. nov.
- Thoracic and abdominal tergites dark brown. Forewing pad with 16–18 short or moderately long capitate marginal setae; hindwing pad and caudal plate with 1 and 3+3 long simple marginal setae, respectively. La Gomera. On Rhamnus glandulosa .................................................................................. C. falcicauda sp. nov.
44 Legs with simple setae only........................................................................... 45
- Legs bearing 1 or more distinctly capitate setae............................................................ 46
45 Abdominal margin bearing 4 pairs of long setae. Gran Canaria, Tenerife. On Teline ................ A. diluta (Loginova)
- Abdominal margin bearing 1 pair of long setae. Gran Canaria. On Teline microphylla ............. A. prognata (Loginova)
46 Abdominal margin bearing 4 pairs of long setae............................................................ 47
- Abdominal margin bearing 3 pairs of long setae............................................................ 49
47 Forewing pad bearing 10 long, distinctly capitate marginal setae. Tenerife. On Teline ................ A. menceyata Percy
- Forewing pad bearing 1 long capitate marginal seta......................................................... 48
48 Forewing and hindwing pads each with 1 prominent proximal seta, simple or capitate. Caudal plate bearing long dorsal setae. Gran Canaria, La Gomera, Tenerife. On Chamaecytisus proliferus ............................ A. dividens (Loginova)
- Forewing and hindwing pads with 1 short simple or indistinct proximal seta. Caudal plate lacking long dorsal setae. El Hierro, La Palma. On Chamaecytisus proliferus and Teline stenopetala ............................... A. modica (Loginova)
49 Margin of forewing pad with 5 or more moderately long or long capitate setae................................... 50
- Margin of forewing pad with at most 1 long capitate seta.................................................... 52
50 Antenna shorter than 0.8 mm and shorter than or equal to 1.5 times forewing pad length. Hindwing pad with 1 long capitate seta. Gran Canaria. On Teline rosmarinifolia .................................................. A. romeria Percy
- Antennae longer than 0.8 mm and 1.5 times forewing pad length. Hindwing pad with 2 or more long capitate setae...... 51
51 Antenna shorter than 1.7 times forewing pad length. Ocular seta small, inconspicuous. Fore- and hindwing pads with simple proximal setae. La Palma. On Teline splendens ............................................... A. fortunata Percy
- Antennae longer than 1.7 times forewing pad length. Ocular seta long, conspicuous. Fore- and hindwing pads with capitate proximal setae. Tenerife. On Teline ..................................................... A. pileolata (Loginova)
52 Forewing pad bearing long proximal seta, capitate. Gran Canaria, La Gomera, Tenerife. On Chamaecytisus proliferus ....................................................................................... A. dividens (Loginova)
- Forewing pad with proximal seta short, simple or indistinct.................................................. 53
53 Apical seta on forewing pad simple or narrowly capitate. La Gomera. On Teline stenopetala ........... A. hupalupa Percy
- Apical seta on forewing pad distinctly capitate. El Hierro, La Palma. On Chamaecytisus proliferus and Teline stenopetala ..................................................................................... A. modica (Loginova)
description: Published as part of Bastin, Saskia, Burckhardt, Daniel, Reyes-Betancort, Alfredo, Hernández-Suárez, Estrella & Ouvrard, David, 2023, A review of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of the Canary Islands, with descriptions of two new genera and sixteen new species, pp. 1-98 in Zootaxa 5313 (1) on pages 8-16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5313.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8129996