cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Data for all experiments and analyses from A possible structural correlate of learning performance on a colour discrimination task in the brain of the bumblebee.
Creators: name: Li, Li
name: MaBouDi, HaDi
name: Egertová, Michaela
name: R. Elphick, Maurice
name: Chittka, Lars
name: Perry, Clint J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017

description: Synaptic plasticity is considered to be a basis for learning and memory. However, the relationship between synaptic arrangements and individual differences in learning and memory is poorly understood. Here, we explored how the density of microglomeruli (synaptic complexes) within specific regions of the bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) brain relates to both visual learning and inter-individual differences in learning and memory performance on a visual discrimination task. Using whole-brain immunolabelling, we measured the density of microglomeruli in the collar region (visual association areas) of the mushroom bodies of the bumblebee brain. We found that bumblebees which made fewer errors during training in a visual discrimination task had higher microglomerular density. Similarly, bumblebees that had better retention of the learned colour-reward associations two days after training had higher microglomerular density. Further experiments indicated experience-dependent changes in neural circuitry: learning a colour-reward contingency with 10 colours (but not two colours) does result, and exposure to many different colours may result, in changes to microglomerular density in the collar region of the mushroom bodies. These results reveal the varying roles that visual experience, visual learning and foraging activity have on neural structure. Although our study does not provide a causal link between microglomerular density and performance, the observed positive correlations provide new insights for future studies into how neural structure may relate to inter-individual differences in learning and memory.
title: Suivi du patient EE
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques (1942-2020)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Graphique et tableau de fichier xls transformé en fichier pdf.
title: Ahmed Mouthful and the well
Creators: name: Langage, Langues Et Cultures D'Afrique
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: anthropological_linguistics
subject: Joke
subject: Beja
subject: bej
subject: Annotation

description: Joke
description: Ahmed Mothuf sees his reflection with dry meat in a well and jumps in it
description: Conforms to: Leipzig Glossing Rules
description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
title: 01_1694
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
title: Improving outcome for people with chronic widespread pain and fibromyalgia
Creators: name: Macfarlane, Gary John
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2021

description: Chronic widespread pain is characteristic of fibromyalgia, a condition which also includes features such as cognitive dysfunction, sleep problems, fatigue and mood disorders. The lack of objective measures of the disorder has proved challenging in terms of diagnostic criteria, and thus timely diagnosis and access to effective management. Although there is a perception that the aetiology of the condition is not known and that there is no effective treatment, this is not the case. Over the past decades understanding of the pathophysiology and aetiology of the condition has improved and management that results in improved symptoms for many patients, has been identified. This thesis addresses important components in relation to improving outcome for patients with chronic widespread pain and fibromyalgia. The thesis focuses on three areas (over seven published manuscripts): effective management for persons with chronic widespread pain and fibromyalgia; investigating excess mortality in people with chronic widespread pain; Identifying and managing fibromyalgia when it occurs in the context of inflammatory arthritis. It includes seven manuscripts. The results of the manuscripts show that there is good evidence for the non-pharmacologic therapies of exercise and a cognitive behaviour informed approach to managing people with chronic widespread pain/fibromyalgia, that the excess mortality in such patients could be addressed by focussing on lifestyle factors (diet and exercise). When fibromyalgia occurs in the context of axial spondyloarthritis, such patients do (as a group) respond to biologic therapy but that specific aspects of their conditions (high somatic symptom burden) predict non-response and the likely need for additional (non-pharmacologic approaches) to management.
Budgetary change in authoritarian and democratic regimes
Creators: name: Baumgartner, Frank R.
name: Carammia, Marcello
name: Epp, Derek A.
name: Noble, Ben
name: Rey, Beatriz
name: Yildirim, Tevfik Murat
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: We compare patterns of change in budgetary commitments by countries during periods of democracy and authoritarianism. Previous scholarship has focused almost exclusively on democratic governments, finding evidence of punctuated equilibria. Authoritarian regimes may behave differently, both because they may operate with fewer institutional barriers to choice and because they have fewer incentives to gather and respond to policy-relevant information coming from civil society. By analysing public budgeting in Brazil, Turkey, Malta and Russia before and after their transitions from or to democracy, we can test punctuated equilibrium theory under a variety of governing conditions. Our goal is to advance the understanding of the causes of budgetary instability by leveraging contextual circumstances to push the theory beyond democracies and assess its broader applicability.
Supplementary Data for all experiments and analyses from A possible structural correlate of learning performance on a colour discrimination task in the brain of the bumblebee
Creators: name: Li, Li
name: MaBouDi, HaDi
name: Egertová, Michaela
name: R. Elphick, Maurice
name: Chittka, Lars
name: Perry, Clint J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017

description: Synaptic plasticity is considered to be the basis for learning and memory. However, the relationship between synapses and individual differences in learning and memory is poorly understood. Here, we explored how the density of microglomeruli (synaptic complexes) within specific regions of the bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) brain relates to both visual learning and inter-individual differences in learning and memory performance on a visual discrimination task. Using whole-brain immunolabelling, we measured the density of microglomeruli in the collar region (visual association areas) of the mushroom bodies of the bumblebee brain. We found that bumblebees that made fewer errors during training in a visual discrimination task had higher microglomerular density. Similarly, bumblebees that had better retention of the learned colour/reward associations 2 days after training had higher microglomerular density. Further experiments indicated experience-dependent changes in neural circuitry: learning a colour-reward contingency with 10 colours (but not two colours) does result, and exposure to many different colours may result, in changes to microglomerular density in the collar region of the mushroom bodies. These results reveal the varying roles that visual experience, visual learning and foraging activity have on neural structure. Although our study does not provide a causal link between microglomerular density and performance, the observed positive correlations provide new insights for future studies into how neural structure may relate to inter-individual differences in learning and memory.
title: Chasing a hyena
Creators: name: Langage, Langues Et Cultures D'Afrique
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: anthropological_linguistics
subject: Anecdote
subject: Beja
subject: bej
subject: Annotation

description: Recording session done by the collector/researcher in Khartoum. Were present : the colector/researcher, and the speaker.
description: Tribes unite to hunt a hyena who eat the cattle. A camel kills it, they share its meat, and give the worse parts to the tribe that had not joined the hunt.
description: Conforms to: Leipzig Glossing Rules
description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
title: Lack of rain in Iraq
Creators: name: Langage, Langues Et Cultures D'Afrique
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: anthropological_linguistics
subject: Tale
subject: Beja
subject: bej
subject: Annotation

description: Recording session done by the collector/researcher in Khartoum. Were present : the colector/researcher, and the speaker.
description: Religious tale about people from Iraq who leave their country for lack of rain in order to pray in the desert. They meet a man who tells them they can pray in their own country. Their chief asks for this man who prays with his daughters and rain comes bacl.
description: Conforms to: Leipzig Glossing Rules
description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
Dove sculptures at school: Traditional symbol of peace sparks fierce battle over Islamic religion
Creators: name: Barnes, Roscoe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ethnic Studies
subject: History
subject: Religious Studies
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: This article offers a look at a religious conflict between two medical professionals in a small town in Pennsylvania. Dr. James Teeter, an evangelical Christian, strongly opposed a sculpture of two doves created by Dr. M. Haq, a Muslim, for the Waynesboro Area School District. Teeter argued the doves represented Islam. Haq disagreed, stating the doves were a symbol of peace.
Z-type electronic structure and enhanced photocatalytic performance of silver tungstate – phosphorus and aluminum co-doped zinc oxide heterogeneous catalysts
Creators: name: Y. Wang
name: Y.-J. Deng
name: F.-R. Wang
name: J.-K. Liu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: The Z-type electronic structure visible-light-driven silver tungstate–phosphorus and aluminum co-doped zinc oxide (Ag2WO4−PAZO) heterogeneous catalyst was synthesised by a facile hydrothermal method, wherein the proposed Z-type photocatalytic mechanism was supported by the characterisation of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV–vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy, reactive species, etc. The photocatalytical capacity was demonstrated by degrading the tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl) antibiotics, and it was necessary to eliminate serious pollution caused by the abuse of TC-HCl. In addition, the heterogeneous catalyst showed higher photoactivity than single PAZO or Ag2WO4 catalyst, which was due to its lower photoexcited electron-hole separation. Multiple measurements were applied to characterise the morphology and optical property of the heterogeneous catalyst. The Ag2WO4−PAZO heterogeneous materials also showed more stability compared with Ag2WO4 material.
Direct, indirect and total bilirubin and risk of incident coronary heart disease in the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort
Creators: name: Lai, Xuefeng
name: Fang, Qin
name: Yang, Liangle
name: Chen, Xuguang
name: Wang, Hao
name: Ma, Lin
name: Guo, Wenting
name: Liu, Miao
name: Yang, Handong
name: Zhang, Ce
name: Li, Xiulou
name: Min, Xinwen
name: Yuan, Jing
name: He, Mei-an
name: Wu, Tangchun
name: Zhang, Xiaomin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: Total bilirubin (TBIL) is known to be inversely associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk, however, whether this association is dose-response remains inconsistent and it is unclear which subtype of bilirubin is responsible for the potential protective effect. Methods: We included 12,097 participants who were free of CHD, stroke, cancer and potential liver, biliary and renal diseases at baseline from September 2008 to June 2010 and were followed-up until October 2013. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of bilirubin with incident CHD risk. Results: The adjusted HRs for incident CHD increased with increasing direct bilirubin (DBIL) (p for trend = .013). Participants within the highest quintile of DBIL had 30% higher risk of incident CHD compared to those in the lowest quintile (95% CI: 1.07, 1.58). In contrast, compared with subjects in the lowest quintile of TBIL, those in the third quintile had the lowest of 24% risk for CHD incidence (95% CI: 0.63, 0.92), which showed a U-shaped association (p for quadratic trend = .040). Conclusions: DBIL was associated with a dose-response increased risk for CHD incidence. However, a U-shaped association existed between TBIL, indirect bilirubin and incident CHD risk.Key messagesDirect bilirubin is independently associated with incident coronary heart disease (CHD) in a dose-response manner.A similarly consistent U-shaped association was found between total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin and incident CHD.The potential protective effect of total bilirubin within the normal range on incident CHD should be mainly attributed to mild-to moderate elevated levels of indirect bilirubin. Direct bilirubin is independently associated with incident coronary heart disease (CHD) in a dose-response manner. A similarly consistent U-shaped association was found between total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin and incident CHD. The potential protective effect of total bilirubin within the normal range on incident CHD should be mainly attributed to mild-to moderate elevated levels of indirect bilirubin.
Co-circulation of paramyxo- and influenza viruses in pigeons in Egypt
Creators: name: Shimaa M. G. Mansour
name: Fakry F. Mohamed
name: Eid, Amal A. M.
name: Mor, Sunil K.
name: Goyal, Sagar M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: In recent years, avian influenza virus (AIV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) have caused large-scale outbreaks in many countries, including Egypt. The culling and vaccination strategies have failed to control both viruses in Egypt. In this study, we investigated the outbreaks of nervous manifestations and deaths in pigeons between 2013 and 2015. The H5N1 subtype of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus and pigeon paramyxovirus-1, an antigenic variant of NDV, were found to be the cause; AIV and pigeon paramyxovirus-1 were isolated from 61.3% (19/31) and 67.8% (21/31) of tested pigeons, respectively. Co-infection with both viruses was detected in 51.6% of pigeons (16/31). The AIV sequences showed PQGEKRRKKR/GLF motif at the haemagglutinin gene cleavage site, which is typical of the highly pathogenic H5N1 subtype. The phylogenetic tree showed that the highly pathogenic avian influenza belonged to clade 2.2.1.2. The NDV sequences carried one of the three motifs, 112GKQGRL117, 112KRQKRF117 or 112RRQKRF117, at the fusion protein cleavage site and were classified as genotypes I, VI and II in NDV-class II, respectively. This indicated that different genotypes of NDV can circulate simultaneously among pigeons. Further analysis revealed the clustering of some sequences in sub-genotypes Ia and VIb.2. To the best of our knowledge, these sub-genotypes have not been previously reported from pigeons in Egypt. Our results should serve as a base for future studies on both viruses in Egypt.
Joint optimization of maintenance, buffers and machines in manufacturing lines
Creators: name: Nahas, Nabil
name: Nourelfath, Mustapha
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This article considers a series manufacturing line composed of several machines separated by intermediate buffers of finite capacity. The goal is to find the optimal number of preventive maintenance actions performed on each machine, the optimal selection of machines and the optimal buffer allocation plan that minimize the total system cost, while providing the desired system throughput level. The mean times between failures of all machines are assumed to increase when applying periodic preventive maintenance. To estimate the production line throughput, a decomposition method is used. The decision variables in the formulated optimal design problem are buffer levels, types of machines and times between preventive maintenance actions. Three heuristic approaches are developed to solve the formulated combinatorial optimization problem. The first heuristic consists of a genetic algorithm, the second is based on the nonlinear threshold accepting metaheuristic and the third is an ant colony system. The proposed heuristics are compared and their efficiency is shown through several numerical examples. It is found that the nonlinear threshold accepting algorithm outperforms the genetic algorithm and ant colony system, while the genetic algorithm provides better results than the ant colony system for longer manufacturing lines.
title: Alternative Gesundheitsvorstellungen und -praktiken in der deutschen Therapielandschaft
title: Bericht zur Literaturrecherche "Vielfalt im Gesundheitswesen" im Auftrag der Robert Bosch Stiftung GmbH
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Dilger, Hansjörg
name: Schnepf, Max
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Alternativmedizin
subject: Komplementärmedizin
subject: Migration und Gesundheit
subject: Heilpraktiker
subject: Homöopathie
subject: Akupunktur
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Alternative Gesundheitsvorstellungen und ‐praktiken sowie deren Stellung werden gesundheitspolitisch kontrovers diskutiert. Im Auftrag der Robert Bosch Stiftung erstellte dieses Projekt im Jahr 2019 eine Literaturübersicht zur soziokulturellen Vielfalt im Gesundheitswesen in Deutschland. Hierzu wurden sozialwissenschaftliche Studien zu diversen Traditionen und Praktiken (wie z.B. Homöopathie, anthroposophische Medizin, Akupunktur, Ayurveda, schamanistische und christliche Geistheilung) systematisch gesichtet und Erkenntnisse sowohl zu alternativmedizinischen Patienten als auch Praktizierenden präsentiert. Fokussiert wurden zum einen historisch bereits länger existierende Angebote der Alternativ- und Komplementärmedizin sowie deren rechtliche Verankerung in Deutschland. Zum anderen betrachtet die Studie Heilungsverständnisse und praktiken, die in den letzten Jahren bzw. Jahrzehnten über Dynamiken von Migration und Globalisierung in Deutschland an Popularität gewonnen haben. Zudem wurden systematisch Parallelen zu vergleichbaren Phänomenen im europäischen Ausland hergestellt und Studien miteinbezogen, die sich mit kritischen Einstellungen zur Bio- bzw. Schulmedizin befassen. Die Studie kommt zum Ergebnis, dass der Umfang alternativmedizinischer Praktiken aufgrund von uneinheitlichen Begrifflichkeiten und Konzeptualisierungen in der sozialwissenschaftlichen Literatur nur schwer zu bestimmen ist. Nichtsdestoweniger nimmt die Alternativ- und Komplementärmedizin eine zentrale gesellschaftliche Rolle in Deutschland ein. Sowohl in der sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung als auch bei gesundheitspolitischen Maßnahmen bedarf es deshalb eines integrativen Blicks auf eine historisch verankerte und aktuell sukzessive weiter zunehmende Vielfalt im deutschen Gesundheitswesen.
title: Buy It Now or Let It Perish Into Sustainability Holons—The Ghost in Retailers' Food Waste Machines: Sustainable Development Perspectives
Creators: name: Rahnama, Leila
name: Dehnad, Azita
name: Wagner, Ralf
name: Salem, Mohammed
name: Kabalska, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: KOBRA Universität Kassel
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: best before
subject: expiry date
subject: shelf life
subject: sustainability attitude
subject: sustainability Holon flux
subject: sustainability holons
classificationCode: 330
subject: 330
classificationCode: Deutschland
subject: Deutschland
classificationCode: Mindesthaltbarkeitsdatum
subject: Mindesthaltbarkeitsdatum
classificationCode: Haltbarkeit
subject: Haltbarkeit
classificationCode: Nachhaltigkeit
subject: Nachhaltigkeit
classificationCode: Holonisches System
subject: Holonisches System
classificationCode: Verbraucherverhalten
subject: Verbraucherverhalten

description:
This study examines the consumer response to (1) pricing and discounts, (2) packaging design, and (3) sustainability-enhancing technology and apps on special offers before the maximum shelf life expires. A survey of 303 consumers currently living in Germany supports the relevance of these factors. Consumer attitudes toward sustainability moderate the relationship of pricing and discounts as well as that of technology and apps to consumer responses. Most notably, by consolidating identifying factors influencing food waste at the retail level and the influence of consumer behavior and attitudes toward sustainability into a holon flux, we introduce the concept of sustainability holons embedded in the context of feedback loops and food waste, taking the sustainable development perspectives. The study's exploration of holons and holon flux highlights the need for future research to focus on varying levels of granularity in divergent industries, which could enhance the precision and applicability of sustainability holons in diverse cultural and business contexts and strengthen stakeholder engagement.
New natural barrigenol-like triterpenoid isolated from the husks of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge
Creators: name: Wang, Da
name: Yu, Bin
name: Chen, Chuming
name: Duan, Jie
name: Di, Donghua
name: Xiong, Xin
name: Yang, Yiren
name: Gao, Huiyuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: The Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge husks were known for their abundant triterpenoids resource, which contributed to many bioactivities, such as antitumor, antiinflammatory and neuroprotection. The present study has led to the purification of a new triterpenoid saponin, 21β-O-acetyl-xanthohuskiside A (1), together with six known barrigenol derivatives (2–7), whose structures were authenticated on the basis of NMR, HR-MS, IR spectrum and acid hydrolysis experiment. Compound 7 showed more noteworthy cytotoxicity towards three human tumour cell lines (HCT-116, HepG-2 and U87-MG) than other compounds.
title: The role of historical experiences in determining cultural preferences for domestic military deployments in Britain and France
Creators: name: Harding, Jack
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Britain, France, domestic military deployments, strategic culture, Operation Temperer, Operation Sentinelle, counter-terrorism.

description: This thesis examines the role of historical experiences in guiding cultural preferences for the use of the armed forces for maintaining domestic security in Britain and France. It finds that in recent years the level of threat from Islamist terrorism faced by both states has been comparable and yet two distinct sets of strategic preferences for the use of the armed forces domestically have emerged. To understand these differences this thesis poses three core questions: first, do Britain and France’s cultural preferences for acceptance or rejection of domestic military deployments derive from the perception of the national historical experience? Second, do these cultural preferences have a constraining effect on strategic behaviour? And third, if evidence of historically-derived cultural constraint can be found, what accounts for episodes of change in strategy over time? It hypothesises that these preferences stem from their respective strategic cultures. These strategic cultures have been cultivated through a series of ‘formative moments’ in their past which constrain their behaviour in the present. Changes in strategy will occur in the event of a receptive cultural environment and a strong leader and institutions who are capable of enacting change. However, enduring cultural preferences will always be evident in strategic behaviour. This thesis addresses the subject through a unique methodology that combines qualitative and quantitative techniques. First by charting all significant domestic deployments between 1800 and 2019 and coding each deployment according to its purpose, it seeks to identify the ‘formative moments’ in Britain and France’s past that may be guiding their cultural preferences. Then, over a thousand speeches and statements from British and French policymakers at each formative moment are analysed and compared in order to trace enduring cultural preferences for the use of the armed forces domestically over time. Ultimately, the purpose of this thesis is to understand the nexus between history, culture, and behaviour and its constancy or temporality over time. After all, if the trend in the modern era towards deploying the military on the national territory to fulfil a wide variety of tasks continues, it will be essential to understand the cultural sensitives attached to domestic deployments and the conditions under which they may be deemed acceptable.
Эмпирические модели питания и их влияние на состояние здоровья в эпидемиологических исследованиях
Creators: name: Максимов Сергей Алексеевич
name: Карамнова Наталья Станиславовна
name: Шальнова Светлана Анатольевна
name: Драпкина Оксана Михайловна
Publisher: name: Вопросы питания
Year: 2020
Subjects: модели питания
эпидемиологические исследования
факторный анализ
метод главных компонент
кластерный анализ

description: Последние 20–30 лет в эпидемиологии питания все более активно применяются эмпирические подходы оценки рационов питания населения. Однако в российских исследованиях данные подходы используются крайне редко, что, возможно, связано с недостаточными знаниями сущности, методологических особенностей и области применения апостериорных моделей питания. В связи с этим цель настоящего обзора – освещение сущности, методов и основных результатов использования эмпирических подходов оценки рациона питания населения. Результаты. Рассмотрены основные методические особенности методов многомерного анализа – факторного анализа (метода главных компонент) и кластерного анализа, преимущественно использующихся для выделения эмпирических моделей питания. Показаны основные закономерности в выделяемых моделях питания, характеризующие как общие современные тенденции в эпидемиологии питания, так и национальные различия в разных странах и регионах. Рассмотрены результаты исследований влияния моделей питания на некоторые показатели состояния здоровья: сердечно-сосудистые, онкологические заболевания, болезни опорно-двигательного аппарата, сахарный диабет, метаболический синдром и его компоненты, смертность. Дана краткая характеристика немногочисленных российских исследований, использовавших метод главных компонент при выделении эмпирических моделей питания населения. Применение методов многомерной статистики для выделения моделей питания населения в рамках эмпирической оценки на сегодняшний день является одной из важнейших составляющих эпидемиологии питания в зарубежных странах. Эмпирическая оценка позволяет рассматривать рационы питания населения с фактологической точки зрения и существенно дополняет научные знания, полученные с помощью других эпидемиологических подходов. К настоящему времени накоплен значительный опыт как в разработке методических подходов идентификации моделей питания, так и в анализе их ассоциаций с различными показателями состояния здоровья. Заключение. Анализ данных литературы свидетельствует о высокой актуальности рассмотренных эпидемиологических подходов и необходимости их апробирования в российских условиях, что, возможно, даст новые знания о закономерностях формирования рациона питания и его влияния на состояние здоровья россиян.
A new sesquiterpene from Kalimeris integrifolia
Creators: name: Wang, Guo-Kai
name: Wang, Zheng
name: Yu, Yang
name: Zhang, Nan
name: Zhou, Zhong-Yu
name: Wang, Gang
name: Liu, Jin-Song
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A new sesquiterpene kalinturoside A (1), and 17 known compounds friedelan-3-ol (2), 24-ethyl-5a-cholesta-7, 22(E)-dien-3-one (3), friedelin (4), syringaresinol (5), α-spinasterol (6), ciwujiatone (7), syringic acid (8), scopoletin (9), apocynin (10), 1-(3-hydroxy-4, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethan-1-one (11), apigenin (12), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (13), stigmasterol-3-O-β-d-glucopy-ranoside (14), bidenoside C (15), citrusin (16), irioresinol A (17) and syringaresinol-4-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (18) were isolated from the herbs of Kalimeris integrifolia. The structures of these compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic techniques such as NMR and MS. All of the compounds were isolated from this genus for the first time.
New bioactive compounds from aquatic endophyte Chaetomium globosum
Creators: name: Ruan, Bao-Hui
name: Yu, Ze-Fen
name: Yang, Xue-Qiong
name: Yang, Ya-Bin
name: Hu, Ming
name: Zhang, Zhuo-Xi
name: Zhou, Qing-Yan
name: Zhou, Hao
name: Ding, Zhong-Tao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Two new oxidation products-related aureonitol and cytochalasan were isolated from Chaetomium globosum fermented in Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita) and determined as 10,11-dihydroxyl- aureonitol (1) and yamchaetoglobosin A (2). Compound 2 indicated significant inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production in LPS-activated macrophages, anti-acetylcholinesterase activity with the inhibition ratios of 92.5, 38.2% at 50 μM, and cytotoxicity to HL-60, A-549, SMMC-7721, MCF-7 and SW480 with the range of inhibition ratio at 51–96% for a concentration of 40 μM. Compounds 1, 2 showed weak anticoagulant activity with PT at 16.8 s. Few work was reported on the anti-acetylcholinesterase, and anticoagulant activities of aureonitol, and cytochalasan derivatives. The preliminary structure–activity relationship stated that the oxidation ring-opening in yamchaetoglobosin A can retain the inhibitory effect against NO production and tumor cell.
Exploring public perception of environmental technology over time
Creators: name: Braun, Carola
name: Rehdanz, Katrin
name: Schmidt, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: This paper analyses how new information shapes public perception of a controversially discussed technology over time. The test case analysed in this paper is solar radiation management (SRM), a potentially risky, environmental engineering technology, which aims to fight climate change by the injection of sulphate aerosols into the stratosphere. Using panel survey data, we show that most respondents initially show strong negative emotions towards SRM and reject the technology. However, public perception is not stable over time as emotions cool off and acceptance increases. The increase in acceptance is greater, the longer the cooling-off period between two surveys. Furthermore, we show that the cooling-off effect is more pronounced for more impulsive respondents.
title: An evaluation of users and preparers perceptions on the management of risk disclosures: a service quality perspective
Creators: name: Azuma, Zaneta A.
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Risk disclosure, risk governance.

description: The extant risk disclosure literature has explored the determinants and incentives for risk disclosure. However, no study to date has examined the design process of risk disclosures. The purpose of This study is to fill this gap, while using a qualitative case study approach within the context of a UK listed Bank. The research examines the management of risk disclosures, with particular focus on users’ expectations for risk disclosure quality, and the degree to which these are incorporated in the decision choices taken by management when deciding what to disclose and what not to disclose. It explores a set of discrepancies between what a user of risk disclosure expects of the quality of such an information and their perceptions on the actual disclosures they get mainly from the annual report and the pillar 3 risk disclosure report. Drawing on the Gaps Model of Service Quality from the marketing literature (Parasuraman et al., 1985; Zeithaml et al., 2002;2016), it is argued that this overarching discrepancy is influenced by the degree to which preparers perceive and understand the expectations of their users and the disclosure designs they establish to reflect how they have perceived these expectations. Even though the authors of the Gaps Model refer to disclosure designs as the decision choices made by management in relation to how the disclosures should be presented, the Model provides little scope for examining these decision choices. For this reason, the Gaps Model is amalgamated with the Disclosure Management Framework from the accounting literature (Gibbins et al., 1990; Mayorga, 2013; Johansen and Plenborg, 2018) to provide an explanation on how the internal decision - making process is undertaken by management when translating their perceptions of users’ expectations into risk disclosure quality specifications and a new framework is developed in the process.The findings indicate that even though user participants express a desire for an access to the bank’s regulatory reporting, reduction in the volume of the disclosures and reliability of the information provided, it is evident that they recognise these may not always be possible. The findings support the notion that user expectations for the quality of risk disclosure is a key antecedent to the corporate disclosure process. However, in meeting these expectations, management faces multiple challenges when deciding what to disclose and what not to disclose including the risk of misinterpretation and the disclosure of commercially sensitive information. It is also evident that, irrespective of users’ expectations, there are a number of challenges embedded within their risk reporting process.
Состояние фактического питания детей, страдающих муковисцидозом
Creators: name: Максимычева Татьяна Юрьевна
name: Кондратьева Елена Ивановна
name: Сорвачева Татьяна Николаевна
name: Пырьева Екатерина Анатольевна
name: Евдокимова Татьяна Анатольевна
Publisher: name: Вопросы питания
Year: 2020
Subjects: муковисцидоз
дети
пищевой статус
рацион питания
энергетическая ценность
макронутриенты
фактическое питание

description: Высокая частота дефицита питания при муковисцидозе остается актуальной проблемой в педиатрии. Это обусловлено многофакторным характером данных нарушений, одним из которых является недостаточная эффективность нутритивной коррекции. Цель исследования – оценить состояние фактического питания детей и подростков, страдающих муковисцидозом, для разработки алгоритма индивидуальных подходов к коррекции пищевого статуса. Материал и методы. Обследованы 150 детей (85 мальчиков и 65 девочек) от 1 года до 18 лет (средний возраст 6,4±5,2 года) с подтвержденным диагнозом «муковисцидоз». В зависимости от возраста дети были разделены на группы: 1-ю группу составили дети от 1 года до 2 лет (n=40, средний возраст – 1,9±0,7 года); 2-ю группу – от 3 до 5 лет (n=41; 4,4±1,0 года); 3-ю группу – от 6 до 9 лет (n=43; 7,7±1,1 года); 4-ю группу – от 10 до 18 лет включительно (n=26; 13,1±2,5 года). Состояние фактического питания оценивали анкетноопросным методом за 3 дня, включая 1 выходной. Измеряли массу тела, длину тела стоя (рост); рассчитывали индекс массы тела. Результаты и обсуждение. Только дети первых 3 лет жизни имели оптимальный по энергетической ценности рацион для данного заболевания. В возрасте старше 3 лет дефицит потребления энергии увеличивался, достигая 32% от индивидуальной нормы потребности в подростковом возрасте (10–18 лет). В структуре питания выявлен дисбаланс основных пищевых веществ в сторону преобладания липидного компонента (более 40% от энергетической ценности) и повышенного поступления насыщенных жирных кислот при сниженной доле белка и углеводов. Отмечался недостаток потребления с пищевым рационом ряда витаминов (С, В1, В2, А, Е, D) и минеральных веществ (железа, калия). Заключение. Исследование показало необходимость индивидуального подхода к коррекции энергетической ценности и макронутриентов у детей, страдающих муковисцидозом.
Statistical methods for detecting match-Ffixing in tennis
Creators: name: Hatfield, Oliver
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2019

description: Match-fixing is a key problem facing many sports, undermining the integrity and sporting spectacle of events, ruining players’ careers and enabling the criminals behind the fixes to funnel funds into other illicit activities. Although for a long time authorities were reticent to act, more and more sports bodies and betting companies are now taking steps to tackle the issue, though much remains to be done. Tennis in particular has faced past criticism for its approach to combatting match-fixing, culminating in widespread media coverage of a leak of match-fixing related documents in 2016, although the Tennis Integrity Unit has since intensified its efforts to deal with the problem. In this thesis, we develop new statistical methods for identifying tennis matches in which suspicious betting activity occurs. We also make some advancements on existing sports models to enable us to better analyse tennis matches to detect this corrupt activity. Our work is among the first to use both pre-match and in-play odds data to investigate match-fixing, and to also integrate betting volumes. Our pre-match odds are sampled at several intervals during the pre-match market, allowing for more detailed analysis than other work. Our in-play odds data are recorded during every game break along with live scores so that we can explore how the odds vary as the score progresses. In particular, we look for divergences between market odds and predictions coming both from sports models and from direct predictions of odds based on in-play events. Our methods successfully identify past matches that other external sources have found to contain suspicious betting activity, and are able to quantify how unusual this activity was in relation to typical betting behaviour. This suggests that our methods, coupled with other sources of evidence, can provide a valuable quantification of suspicious betting activity in future matches.
Contributions of Professor Martin Brasier to the study of early life, stratigraphy and biogeochemistry
Creators: name: Brasier, Alexander T.
name: McIlroy, Duncan
name: McLoughlin, Nicola
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: A chronological listing of all Martin Brasier's publications.
Eight new cucurbitane triterpenoids from “Xue Dan,” the roots of Hemsleya pengxianensis
Creators: name: Li, Ying
name: Wang, Wen-Xue
name: Zheng, Zhong-Fei
name: Mu, Yan-Ling
name: Liu, Yong-Jun
name: Wang, Hai-Yang
name: Li, Ling
name: Yao, Qing-Qiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Eight new natural products (four new cucurbitane aglycones, hemslepencins A–D (1–4), four new cucurbitane glucosides, hemslepensides F–I (5–8), along with seven known compounds (9–15), were isolated from the roots of Hemsleya pengxianensis. The structures of 1–8 were elucidated using IR, HRESIMS, and NMR. Compound 3 exhibited cytotoxic activity against the human cancer cell lines.
Влияние агар-пектиновых гелей на пищевое поведение голодных и сытых мышей
Creators: name: Падерин Никита Михайлович
name: Марков Павел Александрович
name: Попов Сергей Владимирович
Publisher: name: Вопросы питания
Year: 2020
Subjects: агар-пектиновые гели
пищевое поведение
мыши

description: Присутствие в рационе питания продуктов, богатых неутилизируемыми растительными полисахаридами (пищевыми волокнами), приводит к эффективному снижению аппетита и уменьшению потребления пищи. Механические характеристики вносят существенный вклад в насыщающий эффект пищи: твердая пища насыщает в большей степени, чем жидкая, поскольку увеличивается длительность ее обработки в ротовой полости. Цель работы – определить влияние механических свойств агар-пектиновых гелей на пищевое поведение мышей. Материал и методы. Гели изготавливали путем растворения в 100 см3 воды соответствующих навесок агара, пектина и сахарозы: гель № 1 содержал 6 г агара, 3 г пектина, гель № 2 – 20 г агара, 1 г пектина и 0,03 М CaCl2, гель № 3 – 20 г агара, 1 г пектина. Все гели содержали равное количество сахарозы (15 г на 100 см3 воды). Механические свойства гелей (прочность, модуль Юнга и эластичность) определяли на анализаторе текстуры. Мыши с исходной массой тела 32,9±0,5 г (n=8 в каждой группе) получали гели 1 раз в день в течение 4 дней. Каждый день животных по одному на 60 мин помещали в экспериментальные клетки: в первые 30 мин мышам давали исследуемые гели, а на следующие 30 мин – стандартный корм для грызунов. Первые 2 дня являлись ознакомительными. Перед третьим предъявлением гелей животных предварительно полностью ограничивали в пище на 14 ч (голодные мыши), а перед четвертым предъявлением гелей мыши получали корм без ограничений (сытые мыши). Определяли пищевое поведение мышей, количество съеденного геля и съеденного стандартного корма. Контролем являлись мыши, которым не предъявляли гели. Результаты и обсуждение. Самым прочным являлся агар-пектиновый гель № 3 (251±3 кПа) в сравнении с гелями № 1 (44±1 кПа) и № 2 (141±3 кПа). Голодные мыши, получившие гель № 3, съедали на 36% меньше корма (p<0,05), а общая энергетическая ценность съеденной пищи была на 19% ниже (p<0,05) в сравнении с контролем. Голодные мыши, получившие гели № 1 и 2, съедали столько же пищи, как и контрольные животные. Голодные мыши, получавшие гель № 3, на 19% меньше времени (p<0,05) проводили за приемом пищи в сравнении с контролем. Гели № 1 и 2 не изменили пищевое поведение голодных мышей. Сытые мыши, получившие гели, съедали столько же пищи, как и в контроле. Выявлено, что все исследованные гели не влияют на количество потребляемого корма сытыми животными. Заключение. Потребление прочного геля после 14 ч полного ограничения в пище уменьшает потребление пищи и сокращает время, затрачиваемое на питание. Действие геля на пищевое поведение животных и количество съеденной пищи определяется прочностью геля и не зависит от соотношения компонентов геля и его устойчивости к условиям гастроэнтеральной среды, оцененной in vitro.
First Publications regarding living lab for FISSAC model
Creators: name: Heuts, Lena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Industrial Symbiosis
Living Lab

description: The main objective of work package ”Industrial Symbiosis replicability and social issues” is to demonstrate the replicability of FISSAC model. An important tool for this is through the Living Labs (LL), user-centric platforms that involves different stakeholders in a real life context with the aim to facilitate user influence in an open and collaborative innovation process. Within the FISSAC Project, LLs aim to exploit knowledge about technological and non-technological factors that could impact Industrial Symbiosis and to co-develop with LLs participants the FISSAC Model, based on circular economy, with a special focus on developed eco-innovative products. Nine LLs are set up in UK, Germany, Sweden, Czech Republic, Hungary, Turkey, Belgium, Spain and Italy.