cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Piezoelectric Response and Free Energy Instability in the Perovskite Crystals BaTiO3, PbTiO3 and Pb(Zr,Ti)O3
Creators: name: Budimir, Marko
name: Damjanovic, Dragan
name: Setter, Nava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of the origin of the piezoelectric properties enhancement in perovskite ferroelectrics is approached by analyzing the Gibbs free energy of tetragonal BaTiO3, PbTiO3 and Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 in the framework of the Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire theory. The flattening of the Gibbs free energy profile appears as a fundamental thermodynamic process behind the piezoelectric enhancement. The generality of the approach is demonstrated by examining the free energy flattening and piezoelectric enhancement as a function of composition, temperature, electric field and mechanical stress. It is shown that the anisotropy of the free energy flattening is the origin of the anisotropic enhancement of the piezoelectric response, which can occur either by polarization rotation or by polarization contraction. Giant enhancement of the longitudinal piezoelectric response (on the order of 1000 pC/N) is predicted in PbTiO3 under uniaxial compression.
description: 19 pages, 4 Figures, accepted in Phys. Rev. B
Το νομικό καθεστώς των Ιερών Ησυχαστηρίων στην ελληνική επικράτεια
Creators: name: Νικολέτου, Αλίκη Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Ησυχαστήριο
Νομικό Πρόσωπο Ιδιωτικού Δικαίου
Private Law Monasteries
Private-law legal person
Law 4559/2018
Ν. 4559/2018
3. Ν. 4559/2018
ΛΕΞΕΙΣ ή ΦΡΑΣΕΙΣ ΚΛΕΙΔΙΑ (ΑΓΓΛΙΚΑ)
1. Private Law Monasteries
2. Private-law legal person
3. Law 4559/2018

description: Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν η μελέτη του νομικού καθεστώτος των Ιερών Ησυχαστηρίων στην ελληνική επικράτεια. Εξετάσαμε αρχικά τη νομική τους φύση και το ρυθμιστικό πλαίσιο των σχετικών νομικών διατάξεων. Στη συνέχεια παρουσιάσαμε αναλυτικά τη διαδικασία σύστασής τους, καθώς και τη σημασία που έχει το καταστατικό τους στην εν γένει λειτουργία τους. Ακόμη αναφερθήκαμε αναλυτικά στα μέλη και τα όργανα διοίκησης τους, καθώς και στο καθεστώς των μετοχίων τους. Ασχοληθήκαμε επιπλέον με τα θέματα της οικονομικής διαχείρισης, των πόρων και της περιουσίας τους. Τέλος, δώσαμε ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στον Ν. 4559/2018 και τις αλλαγές που επιφέρει στο νομικό καθεστώς τους
description: The aim of the present thesis was the study of the legal status of the private law monasteries in the Greek territory. In the beginning we examined their legal status and the regulatory framework of the relevant legal provisions. Then we presented in detail their process of creating, along with the importance of their charter. Furthermore, we analyzed the membership and their boards of management, along with the legal status of the monastery dependency. We also examined their financial management, economic resources and property. Finally, we focus especially on the Law 4559/2018 and the changes that makes on their legal status
Application of Thomas-Fermi model to fullerene molecule and nanotube
Creators: name: Kornyushin, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiclassical description, based on electrostatics and Thomas-Fermi model is applied here to calculate dimensions of the electronic shell of a fullerene molecule and a nanotube. The internal radius of the electronic shell of a fullerene molecule, calculated within the framework of the model is 0.2808 nm. The external radius is 0.4182 nm. The experimental values are 0.279 nm and 0.429 nm correspondingly. This shows that semiclassical approach provides rather good description of the dimensions of the electronic shell in a fullerene molecule. Two types of dipole oscillations in a fullerene molecule are considered and their frequencies are calculated. Similar calculations are performed for a nanotube also. For a nanotube with a radius of the cylinder of the ions, Rn = 0.7 nm, the internal radius of the electronic shell, calculated within the framework of the model is 0.577 nm. The external radius is 0.816 nm. Three types of dipole oscillations in nanotube are considered and their frequencies are calculated.
description: Application of basic Electrostatics and elementary Quantum Mechanics to Nanophysics Problems
Dark effects in $f(R,P)$ gravity
Creators: name: Marciu, Mihai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper a new cosmological model is proposed by extending the Einstein--Hilbert lagrangian with a generic functional $f(R,P)$, which depends on the scalar curvature $R$ and a term $P$ which encodes a possible influence from specific cubic contractions of the Riemann tensor. After proposing the corresponding action, the associated modified Friedmann relations are deduced, in the case where the generic functional has a power law decomposition, $f(R,P)=f_0 R^n+g_0 P^m$, with $f_0, g_0, n, m$ constant parameters. In this case the specific method of dynamical system analysis is employed, revealing the fundamental properties of the phase space structure, discussing the dynamical consequences for the cosmological solutions obtained. It is revealed that the cosmological solutions associated to the critical points can explain various dynamical eras, with a high sensitivity to the values of the $n$ and $m$ parameters, encoding various effects due to the geometrical nature of the specific couplings.
Exkursion der SAG
Creators: name: Wanning, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Der Antike Sudan. Mitteilungen der Sudanarchäologischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin e. V.
Year: 2021

description: Der Antike Sudan. Mitteilungen der Sudanarchäologischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin e. V., Nr. 16 (2005): Der Antike Sudan
Thermodynamic Entropy and Chaos in a Discrete Hydrodynamical System
Creators: name: Bagnoli, Franco
name: Rechtman, Raul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the thermodynamic entropy density is proportional to the largest Lyapunov ex- ponent (LLE) of a discrete hydrodynamical system, a deterministic two-dimensional lattice gas automaton. The definition of the LLE for cellular automata is based on the concept of Boolean derivatives and is formally equivalent to that of continuous dynamical systems. This relation is jus- tified using a Markovian model. In an irreversible process with an initial density difference between both halves of the system, we find that Boltzmann's H function is linearly related to the expansion factor of the LLE, although the latter is more sensitive to the presence of traveling waves.
description: New version, 6 figures, 6 pages
Pseudaganides buffeventi Branger, 2024, n. sp.
Creators: name: Branger, Patrick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Nautilida
Pseudonautilidae
Pseudaganides
Pseudaganides buffeventi

description: Pseudaganides buffeventi n. sp.
(Fig. 12A, B)
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9238C56A-6889-42C4-AA1B-B9CB9D2E3E41
DIAGNOSIS. — Small nautilus, maximum diameter about 70 mm, shell rather compressed with an oval section except on the body-chamber where the venter flattens, boarded by angular but not sharp shoulders. Umbilicus very narrow.Suture lines with a wide and quite deep lateral lobe.
ETYMOLOGY. — The species is named basing on Buffevent, the name of the locality where the type species has been discovered.
TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. France • 1 specimen; Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Niort, Buffevent quarry (POC0009); [46°20’28”N, 0°30’21”W]; Bullatus Zone; bed 9; Lower Callovian; Patrick Branger leg.; MBAN; 2023.PB.N76 (Fig. 12A).
OTHER SPECIMEN EXAMINED. — France • 1 specimen (adult); Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Salles; [46°23’45”N, 0°06’19”W]; Bullatus Zone; Lower Callovian; Patrick Branger leg.; MBAN; 2023.PB.N102 (Fig. 12B).
T YPE LOCALITY AND STRATUM TYPICUM. — Both specimens have been collected at the base of the Bullatus Zone, Lower Callovian where it appears to be restricted. The holotype (Fig. 12A) comes from Buffevent quarry.
MEASUREMENTS. — See Table 6.
DESCRIPTION
Small and compressed nautilus, about 70 mm diameter, the section is oval on the inner whorls, becoming rectangular at the adult stage because of the presence of angular but not sharp ventral shoulders on the body-chamber. The umbilicus is not fully closed but very narrow (u = 0.05), funnel like, with rounded sides. Flanks are slightly rounded with a maximum width at one third of the height. The venter, rounded at first, flattens from the end of the phragmocone to the aperture. The lateral lobe of the suture line (Figs 3-5) is well marked, (P/L> 50%), more rounded on the second specimen (Fig. 11 b) than on the holotype whereas the dorsal saddle seems to be more angular and narrower by 2023.PB.N102 than on the holotype. The ventral lobe is very shallow on 2023.PB.N102, nonexistent on the holotype. The aperture, well preserved on the type specimen, is typical of Pseudaganides with straight lateral borders and a well-marked ventral sinus.
REMARKS
The globose shape of Pseudaganides buffeventi n. sp. can be compared with Pseudaganides subbiangulatus (d’Orbigny, 1850). The two main differences are the much smaller size for Pseudaganides buffeventi n. sp. (Fig. 10) and the width of the umbilicus that is slightly more open on this new species than on d’Orbigny’s species (Fig. 8). The suture line (Figs 4; 12) of the two samples recognized as Pseudaganides buffeventi n.sp. shows little differences.
description: Published as part of Branger, Patrick, 2024, Antaganides n. gen., a new genus of Middle Jurassic nautiloid, ancestor of Pseudaganides Spath, 1927, with discussion on the phyletic origin of the family Pseudonautilidae, pp. 471-493 in Geodiversitas 46 (14) on page 483, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2024v46a14, http://zenodo.org/record/13884433
Η αέρια χρωματογραφία στην ανάλυση φαρμάκων
Creators: name: Στρατηγού, Ιωάννα Χρυσούλα Ιωάννη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Αέρια χρωματογραφία
Υπολειμματικοί διαλύτες
Ανάλυση φαρμάκων
Gas chromatography
Residual solvent
Drug analysis

description: Το θέμα της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η χρήση της αέριας χρωματογραφίας στην ανάλυση φαρμακευτικών προϊόντων. Η αέρια χρωματογραφία μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί για την ανάλυση όχι μόνο των τελικών προϊόντων αλλά και για την ανάλυση των πρώτων υλών, σε αυτά συμπεριλαμβάνονται οι δραστικές ουσίες και τα έκδοχα. Η αναλυτική μέθοδος που εφαρμόζεται πρέπει να είναι πλήρως επικυρωμένη, ώστε να εξασφαλίζεται η εγκυρότητα των αποτελεσμάτων που λαμβάνονται . Η αέρια χρωματογραφία έχει την δυνατότητα να συνδεθεί ταυτόχρονα και με άλλους ανιχνευτές συλλέγοντας έτσι πληροφορίες και από τους δυο, σε μια μόνο ανάλυση. Λόγω της ικανότητας της αυτή αποτελεί αναπόσπαστο κομμάτι της φαρμακοβιομηχανίας.
description: The subject of this dissertation is the use of gas chromatography in the analysis of pharmaceutical products. Gas chromatography can be used not only for the analysis of the final products but also for the analysis of raw materials, including active substances and excipients. The analytical method applied must be fully validated to ensure the validity of the results obtained. Gas chromatography has the ability to simultaneously connect to other detectors, thus collecting information from both, in a single analysis. Due to this ability, it is an integral part of the pharmaceutical industry.
Metatheory.jl: Fast and Elegant Algebraic Computation in Julia with Extensible Equality Saturation
Creators: name: Cheli, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.1.0; I.1.2; I.1.3; D.3.2; D.3.3; D.3.4

description: We introduce Metatheory.jl: a lightweight and performant general purpose symbolics and metaprogramming framework meant to simplify the act of writing complex Julia metaprograms and to significantly enhance Julia with a native term rewriting system, based on state-of-the-art equality saturation techniques, and a dynamic first class Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) pattern matching system that is dynamically composable in an algebraic fashion, taking full advantage of the language's powerful reflection capabilities. Our contribution allows to perform general purpose symbolic mathematics, manipulation, optimization, synthesis or analysis of syntactically valid Julia expressions with a clean and concise programming interface, both during compilation or execution of programs.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
Towards a novel wave-extraction method for numerical relativity
Creators: name: Nerozzi, Andrea
name: Bruni, Marco
name: Burko, Lior M.
name: Re, Virginia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the recent results of a research project aimed at constructing a robust wave extraction technique for numerical relativity. Our procedure makes use of Weyl scalars to achieve wave extraction. It is well known that, with a correct choice of null tetrad, Weyl scalars are directly associated to physical properties of the space-time under analysis in some well understood way. In particular it is possible to associate $Ψ_4$ with the outgoing gravitational radiation degrees of freedom, thus making it a promising tool for numerical wave--extraction. The right choice of the tetrad is, however, the problem to be addressed. We have made progress towards identifying a general procedure for choosing this tetrad, by looking at transverse tetrads where $Ψ_1=Ψ_3=0$. As a direct application of these concepts, we present a numerical study of the evolution of a non-linearly disturbed black hole described by the Bondi--Sachs metric. This particular scenario allows us to compare the results coming from Weyl scalars with the results coming from the news function which, in this particular case, is directly associated with the radiative degrees of freedom. We show that, if we did not take particular care in choosing the right tetrad, we would end up with incorrect results.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, to appear in the Proceedings of the Albert Einstein Century International Conference, Paris, France, 2005
Efficient wireless non-radiative mid-range energy transfer
Creators: name: Karalis, Aristeidis
name: Joannopoulos, J. D.
name: Soljacic, Marin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate whether, and to what extent, the physical phenomenon of long-lifetime resonant electromagnetic states with localized slowly-evanescent field patterns can be used to transfer energy efficiently over non-negligible distances, even in the presence of extraneous environmental objects. Via detailed theoretical and numerical analyses of typical real-world model-situations and realistic material parameters, we establish that such a non-radiative scheme could indeed be practical for medium-range wireless energy transfer.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Memory in Non-Monotonic Stress Response of an Athermal Disordered Solid
Creators: name: Mandal, Rituparno
name: Tapias, Diego
name: Sollich, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Athermal systems across a large range of length scales, ranging from foams and granular bead packings to crumpled metallic sheets, exhibit slow stress relaxation when compressed. Experimentally they show a non-monotonic stress response when decompressed somewhat after an initial compression, i.e. under a two-step, Kovacs-like protocol. It turns out that from this response one can tell for how long the system was in a compressed state, suggesting an interpretation as a memory effect. In this work we use a model of an athermal jammed solid, specifically a binary mixture of soft harmonic particles, to explore this phenomenon through in-silico experiments. Using extensive simulations under conditions analogous to those in experiment, we observe identical phenomenology in the stress response under a two-step protocol. Our model system also recovers the behaviour under a more recently studied three-step protocol, which consists of a compression followed by a decompression and then a final compression. We show that the observed response in both two-step and three-step protocols can be understood using Linear Response Theory. In particular, a linear scaling with age for the two-step protocol arises generically for slow linear responses with power law or logarithmic decay and does not in itself point to any underlying aging dynamics.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Η αρχή ne bis in idem μέσα από την πρόσφατη νομολογία του ΣτΕ και του ΕΔΔΑ
Creators: name: Σακόγλου, Ειρήνη Σάββα
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Διοικητικές κυρώσεις
Ταυτότητα παράβασης
Αρχή ne bis in idem
Administrative sanctions
Same offence
Ne bis in idem principle

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας εργασίας αποτελεί η αρχή ne bis in idem στο πεδίο των διοικητικών κυρώσεων, όπως ερμηνεύτηκε και διαμορφώθηκε μέσα από την πρόσφατη νομολογία του ΣτΕ και του ΕΔΔΑ. Στο πρώτο μέρος της παρούσας παρουσιάζονται οι προϋποθέσεις εφαρμογής και τα εννοιολογικά γνωρίσματα της αρχής ne bis in idem, ενώ στη συνέχεια, η εργασία επικεντρώνεται στην κρίσιμη νομολογία των Ανώτατων Δικαστηρίων, ως προς την εφαρμογή της αρχής στο πεδίο των λαθρεμπορικών παραβάσεων, οι οποίες συνιστούν την πιο χαρακτηριστική περίπτωση επιβολής επάλληλων ποινικών και διοικητικών κυρώσεων για την ίδια παραβατική συμπεριφορά. Στο πλαίσιο αυτό αναδεικνύεται η ασυμβατότητα της αρχικής νομολογίας του ΣτΕ προς το νομολογιακό προηγούμενο του ΕΔΔΑ, όπως και η μεταστροφή αυτής κατά τη δεύτερη φάση εξέλιξής της, μετά την έκδοση των καταδικαστικών αποφάσεων του ΕΔΔΑ στις υποθέσεις Καπετάνιος και Σισμανίδης και Σιταρίδης κατά Ελλάδας. Τέλος, στο τρίτο μέρος αναδεικνύονται οι κρίσιμες νομοθετικές εξελίξεις σχετικά με την εφαρμογή της αρχής ne bis in idem και οι πλέον πρόσφατες νομολογιακές θέσεις του ΣτΕ, όπως αυτές διαμορφώθηκαν μέσα από τις αποφάσεις 951/2018 και 1887/2018 αλλά και με την παραπεμπτική στην Ολομέλεια απόφαση 1771/2019.
description: Αγγλική Περίληψη The subject of the present study is the ne bis in idem principle in the field of administrative sanctions, as it was interpreted and developed through the recent case-law of the Greek Council of State and the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). The first part of the study presents the application conditions and the conceptual features of the ne bis in idem principle, while in the second part the study focuses on the relevant case-law of the Supreme Courts regarding the application of the ne bis in idem principle in the field of smuggling offences, which constitute the most typical case of imposition of cumulative criminal and administrative penalties for the same offence. In this context, the incompatibility of the initial case-law of the Greek Council of State to the precedent of the ECtHR is highlighted, as well as the reversal of the greek case-law during the second phase of its development, after the ECtHR's convictions in the cases of Kapetanios and others and Sismanidis and Sitaridis v. Greece were handed down. Finally, the third part of the study highlights the relevant legislative developments regarding the application of the ne bis in idem principle and the line of case-law devolving from the decisions no. 951/2018 and no. 1887/2018 of the Greek Council of State as well as the referral to the plenary session decision no. 1771/2019.
Limit theorems on locally compact Abelian groups
Creators: name: Barczy, Matyas
name: Bendikov, Alexander
name: Pap, Gyula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B10, 60B15

description: We prove limit theorems for row sums of a rowwise independent infinitesimal array of random variables with values in a locally compact Abelian group. First we give a proof of Gaiser's theorem, since it does not have an easy access and it is not complete. This theorem gives sufficient conditions for convergence of the row sums, but the limit measure can not have a nondegenerate idempotent factor. Then we prove necessary and sufficient conditions for convergence of the row sums, where the limit measure can be also a nondegenerate Haar measure on a compact subgroup. Finally, we investigate special cases: the torus group, the group of p-adic integers and the p-adic solenoid.
description: 26 pages, To appear in Mathematische Nachrichten
In vitro fluid dynamics of the Bjork-Shiley monostrust mitral disc valve using laser doppler anemometry
Creators: name: Ma, Zhi-Yong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In recent decades, several different types of prosthetic devices have been introduced in clinical practice to replace the diseased natural heart valves. In Canada alone, around 10,000 operations aimed at treatment of valvular diseases are carried out every year. Although evolution of prosthetic heart valves have, in general, succeeded in increasing the patient’s lifespan, scope exists in improvement of their design as attested by failure of several commonly used heart valves. Successful design of prosthetic heart valves depends on thorough understanding of several aspects including biocompatibility, structural integrity and complex fluid dynamics. Focus of the present thesis is on the fluid dynamical performance with emphasis on fundamental information of long range value which can serve as reference: (i)ina assessing performance of prosthetic heart valves widely in use at present; (ii) in development of improved configurations of new designs (iii)for government health agencies and manufacturers in formulating performance criteria which must be met to protect the user community; (iv) for practising cardiac surgeons in selecting appropriate prostheses for implantation. This thesis first introduces the basic knowledge about the heart, heart valves and the laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) as the general background. This is followed by a description of the test methodology. One of the challenging aspects is the analysis and display of the vast amount of data obtained in a meaningful way. Computer codes developed to this end thus form an important part of the thesis. Finally, the thesis focuses on the fluid dynamic results and their analysis with respect to the Bjork-Shiley monostrut tilting disc valve, in mitral location, using a sophisticated cardiac pulse duplicator in conjunction with a 3-beam, two-component, LDA system. Time histories of the velocity profile, turbulence intensity, Reynolds stress, etc., are presented for both posterior and anterior orientations of the valve, for five different pulse rates. Results suggest relatively favourable performance in the posterior position. The stress level was found to be safe and would not present the danger of haemolysis. In general, the valve performance was found to be insensitive to the flow rate.
Additional file 1 of Crop management shapes the diversity and activity of DNA and RNA viruses in the rhizosphere
Creators: name: Muscatt, George
name: Hilton, Sally
name: Raguideau, Sebastien
name: Teakle, Graham
name: Lidbury, Ian D. E. A.
name: Wellington, Elizabeth M. H.
name: Quince, Christopher
name: Millard, Andrew
name: Bending, Gary D.
name: Jameson, Eleanor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure S1. Overview of field site. Supplementary Figure S2. Phylogenetic assessment of ssRNA phage vOTUs. Supplementary Figure S3. Accumulation curves of vOTUs. Supplementary Figure S4. Summed mean relative abundance of Leviviricetes families. Supplementary Figure S5. Detection of active vOTUs. Supplementary Figure S6. Summed mean relative activity of rhizosphere-priming vOTUs. Supplementary Figure S7. Linear relationships between the number of active vOTUs 3 detected. Supplementary Figure S8. Variation in dsDNA vOTU activity explained by crop rotation 4 and soil compartment by recovery library. Supplementary Figure S9. Summed mean relative compartment-enriched viral activity. Supplementary Figure S10: Summed mean relative viral metabolic activity. Supplementary Figure S11. Beta diversity in bacterial community composition.
Shock heating in the nearby radio galaxy NGC 3801
Creators: name: Croston, J. H.
name: Kraft, R. P.
name: Hardcastle, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the Chandra detection of shock-heated shells of hot gas surrounding the radio lobes of the nearby (D_L ~ 53 Mpc) low-power radio galaxy NGC 3801. The shells have temperatures of 1 keV and 0.7 keV, compared to an ISM temperature of 0.23 keV. The estimated expansion speed of the shells is 850 km/s, corresponding to a Mach number of ~ 4. This is the second X-ray detection of strong shocks produced by a low-power radio galaxy, and allows us to measure directly the contribution of shock heating to the radio galaxy's total energetic input to the ISM. We show that the gas properties of the shells and surrounding ISM are consistent with the Rankine-Hugoniot shock jump conditions. We estimate the energy stored in the hot gas shells (thermal + kinetic energy) to be 1.7x10^56 ergs, which is equivalent to the thermal energy of the ISM within ~11 kpc of the galaxy centre, and a factor of ~25 larger than the inferred PdV work required to inflate the lobe cavities, indicating that energy transfer from the AGN to its environment is dominated by shock heating during this stage of radio-source evolution. Our results provide direct evidence that shock heating in the early supersonic phase of FRI radio-source expansion can have important long-term effects on the properties of the host galaxy ISM. Finally, we discuss the merger history of NGC 3801, the fuelling of its AGN and the role of this type of system in feedback models.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Time trends in pediatric fractures in a Swedish city from 1950 to 2016
Creators: name: Bergman, Erika
name: Lempesis, Vasileios
name: Nilsson, Jan-Åke
name: Jephsson, Lars
name: Rosengren, Björn E
name: Karlsson, Magnus K
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Background and purpose — As previous studies indicate time trends in pediatric fracture incidence, we followed the incidence in a Swedish city between 1950 and 2016. Patients and methods — Malmö city, Sweden had 322,574 inhabitants in 2015. We used diagnosis registry, charts, and radiographs of the only city hospital to classify fractures in individuals < 16 years in 2014–2016, and compared these with data from 1950–2006. We used joinpoint regression to analyze time trends and present results as mean annual percentage changes (APC). Differences between periods are described as incident rate ratios (IRR). To describe uncertainty, 95% confidence intervals (CI) are used. Results — During 2014–2016 the pediatric fracture incidence was 1,786 per 105 person-years (boys 2,135 and girls 1,423). From 1950 onwards age-adjusted fracture incidence increased until 1979 in both boys (APC +1.5%, CI 1.2–1.8) and girls (APC +1.6%, CI 0.8–2.5). The incidence remained stable from 1979 to 2016 (APC in boys 0.0%, CI –0.3 to 0.3 and in girls –0.2%, CI –1.1 to 0.7). Age-adjusted incidence 2014–2016 was higher than 2005–2006 in girls (IRR 1.1, CI 1.03–1.3), but not in boys (IRR 1.0, CI 0.9–1.1). Interpretation — Fracture incidence was in girls higher in 2014–2016 than in 2005–2006. However, only with more than 2 measuring points are meaningful trend analyses possible. When we analyzed the period 1950–2016 with 17 measuring points and joinpoint regression, we found that fracture incidence increased in both sexes until 1979 but has thereafter been stable.
Expected Extinction Times of Epidemics with State-Dependent Infectiousness
Creators: name: Bhimaraju, Akhil
name: Chatterjee, Avhishek
name: Varshney, Lav R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We model an epidemic where the per-person infectiousness in a network of geographic localities changes with the total number of active cases. This would happen as people adopt more stringent non-pharmaceutical precautions when the population has a larger number of active cases. We show that there exists a sharp threshold such that when the curing rate for the infection is above this threshold, the mean time for the epidemic to die out is logarithmic in the initial infection size, whereas when the curing rate is below this threshold, the mean time for epidemic extinction is infinite. We also show that when the per-person infectiousness goes to zero asymptotically as a function of the number of active cases, the mean extinction times all have the same asymptote independent of network structure. Simulations bear out these results, while also demonstrating that if the per-person infectiousness is large when the epidemic size is small (i.e., the precautions are lax when the epidemic is small and only get stringent after the epidemic has become large), it might take a very long time for the epidemic to die out. We also provide some analytical insight into these observations.
description: To appear in IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering
WKB-expansion of the HarishChandra-Itzykson-Zuber integral for arbitrary beta
Creators: name: Hikami, S.
name: Brezin, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is devoted to the asymptotic expansion of the generalized Harish Chandra-Itzykson-Zuber matrix integral for non-unitary symmetries characterized by a parameter beta(as usual beta =1,2 and 4 correspond to the orthogonal, unitary and symplectic group integrals). A WKB-expansion for f is derived from the heat kernel differential equation, for general values of k and beta. From an expansion in terms of zonal polynomials, one obtain an expansion in powers of the tau's for beta=1, and generalizations are considered for general beta. A duality relation, and a transformation of products of pairs of symmetric functions into tau polynomials, is used to obtain the expression for f(tau ij) for general beta.
description: 72 pages
Quantum Thermalization With Couplings
Creators: name: Dong, H.
name: Yang, S.
name: Liu, X. F.
name: Sun, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the role of the system-bath coupling for the generalized canonical thermalization [S. Popescu, et al., Nature Physics 2,754(2006) and S. Goldstein et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 050403(2006)] that reduces almost all the pure states of the "universe" [formed by a system S plus its surrounding heat bath $B$] to a canonical equilibrium state of S. We present an exactly solvable, but universal model for this kinematic thermalization with an explicit consideration about the energy shell deformation due to the interaction between S and B. By calculating the state numbers of the "universe" and its subsystems S and B in various deformed energy shells, it is found that, for the overwhelming majority of the "universe" states (they are entangled at least), the diagonal canonical typicality remains robust with respect to finite interactions between S and B. Particularly, the kinematic decoherence is utilized here to account for the vanishing of the off-diagonal elements of the reduced density matrix of S. It is pointed out that the non-vanishing off-diagonal elements due to the finiteness of bath and the stronger system-bath interaction might offer more novelties of the quantum thermalization.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Physical child abuse demands increased awareness during health and socioeconomic crises like COVID-19
Creators: name: Martinkevich, Polina
name: Larsen, Lise Langeland
name: Græsholt-Knudsen, Troels
name: Hesthaven, Gitte
name: Hellfritzsch, Michel Bach
name: Petersen, Karin Kastberg
name: Møller-Madsen, Bjarne
name: Rölfing, Jan Duedal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Background and purpose — Physical abuse of children, i.e., nonaccidental injury (NAI) including abusive head trauma (AHT) is experienced by up to 20% of children; however, only 0.1% are diagnosed. Healthcare professionals issue less than 20% of all reports suspecting NAI to the responsible authorities. Insufficient knowledge concerning NAI may partly explain this low percentage. The risk of NAI is heightened during health and socioeconomic crises such as COVID-19 and thus demands increased awareness. This review provides an overview and educational material on NAI and its clinical presentation. Methods — We combined a literature review with expert opinions of the senior authors into an educational paper aiming to help clinicians to recognize NAI and act appropriately by referral to multidisciplinary child protection teams and local authorities. Results — Despite the increased risk of NAI during the current COVID-19 crisis, the number of reports suspecting NAI decreased by 42% during the lockdown of the Danish society. Healthcare professionals filed only 17% of all reports of suspected child abuse in 2016. Interpretation — The key to recognizing and suspecting NAI upon clinical presentation is to be aware of inconsistencies in the medical history and suspicious findings on physical and paraclinical examination. During health and socioeconomic crises the incidence of NAI is likely to peak. Recognition of NAI, adequate handling by referral to child protection teams, and reporting to local authorities are of paramount importance to prevent mortality and physical and mental morbidity.
A multispeaker dataset of raw and reconstructed speech production real-time MRI video and 3D volumetric images
Creators: name: Lim, Yongwan
name: Toutios, Asterios
name: Bliesener, Yannick
name: Tian, Ye
name: Lingala, Sajan Goud
name: Vaz, Colin
name: Sorensen, Tanner
name: Oh, Miran
name: Harper, Sarah
name: Chen, Weiyi
name: Lee, Yoonjeong
name: Töger, Johannes
name: Montesserin, Mairym Lloréns
name: Smith, Caitlin
name: Godinez, Bianca
name: Goldstein, Louis
name: Byrd, Dani
name: Nayak, Krishna S.
name: Narayanan, Shrikanth S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Real-time magnetic resonance imaging (RT-MRI) of human speech production is enabling significant advances in speech science, linguistics, bio-inspired speech technology development, and clinical applications. Easy access to RT-MRI is however limited, and comprehensive datasets with broad access are needed to catalyze research across numerous domains. The imaging of the rapidly moving articulators and dynamic airway shaping during speech demands high spatio-temporal resolution and robust reconstruction methods. Further, while reconstructed images have been published, to-date there is no open dataset providing raw multi-coil RT-MRI data from an optimized speech production experimental setup. Such datasets could enable new and improved methods for dynamic image reconstruction, artifact correction, feature extraction, and direct extraction of linguistically-relevant biomarkers. The present dataset offers a unique corpus of 2D sagittal-view RT-MRI videos along with synchronized audio for 75 subjects performing linguistically motivated speech tasks, alongside the corresponding first-ever public domain raw RT-MRI data. The dataset also includes 3D volumetric vocal tract MRI during sustained speech sounds and high-resolution static anatomical T2-weighted upper airway MRI for each subject.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables, submitted to Nature Scientific Data
Quantum calibrated magnetic force microscopy
Creators: name: Sakar, Baha
name: Liu, Yan
name: Sievers, Sibylle
name: Neu, Volker
name: Lang, Johannes
name: Osterkamp, Christian
name: Markham, Matthew L.
name: Öztürk, Osman
name: Jelezko, Fedor
name: Schumacher, Hans W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the quantum calibration of a magnetic force microscope (MFM) by measuring the two-dimensional magnetic stray field distribution of the MFM tip using a single nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond. From the measured stray field distribution and the mechanical properties of the cantilever a calibration function is derived allowing to convert MFM images to quantum calibrated stray field maps. This novel approach overcomes limitations of prior MFM calibration schemes and allows quantum calibrated nanoscale stray field measurements in a field range inaccessible to scanning NV magnetometry. Quantum calibrated measurements of a stray field reference sample allow its use as a transfer standard, opening the road towards fast and easily accessible quantum traceable calibrations of virtually any MFM.
description: 31 Pages, 5 Figures
Effects of disorder on atomic density waves and spin-singlet dimers in one-dimensional optical lattices
Creators: name: Xianlong, Gao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Bethe-ansatz density-functional theory, we study a one-dimensional Hubbard model of confined attractively interacting fermions in the presence of a uniformly distributed disorder. The strongly-correlated Luther-Emery nature of the attractive one-dimensional Hubbard model is fully taken into account as the reference system in the density-functional theory. The effects of the disorder are investigated on the atomic-density waves in the weak-to-intermediate attractive interaction and on the spin-singlet dimers of doubly occupied sites in the strongly attractive regime. It is found that atomic density waves are sensitive to the disorder and the spin-singlet dimers of doubly occupied sites are quite unstable against the disorder. We also show that very weak disorder could smear the singularities in the stiffness, thus suppress the spin-singlet pairs.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Implementing a general practitioner-to-general physician eConsult service (eConsultant) in Australia
Creators: name: Job, Jennifer
name: Nicholson, Caroline
name: Calleja, Zoe
name: Jackson, Claire
name: Donald, Maria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Interview Guide for GPs andStakeholders – Identifying the enablers and barriers to using eConsultant.
Additional file 2 of Implementing a general practitioner-to-general physician eConsult service (eConsultant) in Australia
Creators: name: Job, Jennifer
name: Nicholson, Caroline
name: Calleja, Zoe
name: Jackson, Claire
name: Donald, Maria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table 1. Implementationstrategy definitions and description of activities.
No Expanding Fireball: Resolving the Recurrent Nova RS Ophiuchi with Infrared Interferometry
Creators: name: Monnier, J. D.
name: Barry, R. K.
name: Traub, W. A.
name: Lane, B. F.
name: Akeson, R. L.
name: Ragland, S.
name: Schuller, P. A.
name: Coroller, H. Le
name: Berger, J. P.
name: Millan-Gabet, R.
name: Pedretti, E.
name: Schloerb, F. P.
name: Koresko, C.
name: Carleton, N. P.
name: Lacasse, M. G.
name: Kern, P.
name: Malbet, F.
name: Perraut, K.
name: Kuchner, M. J.
name: Muterspaugh, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the recent outburst of the recurrent nova RS Oph on 2006 Feb 12, we measured its near-infrared size using the IOTA, Keck, and PTI Interferometers at multiple epochs. The characteristic size of ~3 milliarcseconds hardly changed over the first 60 days of the outburst, ruling out currently-popular models whereby the near-infrared emission arises from hot gas in the expanding shock. The emission was also found to be significantly asymmetric, evidenced by non-zero closure phases detected by IOTA. The physical interpretation of these data depend strongly on the adopted distance to RS Oph. Our data can be interpreted as the first direct detection of the underlying RS Oph binary, lending support to the recent ``reborn red giant'' models of Hachisu & Kato. However, this result hinges on an RS Oph distance of ~< 540 pc, in strong disagreement with the widely-adopted distance of ~1.6 kpc. At the farther distance, our observations imply instead the existence of a non-expanding, dense and ionized circumbinary gaseous disk or reservoir responsible for the bulk of the near-infrared emission. Longer-baseline infrared interferometry is uniquely suited to distinguish between these models and to ultimately determine the distance, binary orbit, and component masses for RS Oph, one of the closest-known (candidate) SNIa progenitor systems.
description: Accepted by Astrophysical Journal Letters
Hierarchical porosity ihnerited by natural sources affects the mechanical and biological behaviour of bone scaffolds
Creators: name: Sprio, Simone
name: Panseri, Silvia
name: Montesi, Monica
name: Dapporto, Massimiliano
name: Ruffini, Andrea
name: Dozio, Samuele M.
name: Cavuoto, Riccardo
name: Misseroni, Diego
name: Paggi, Marco
name: Bigoni, Davide
name: Tampieri, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A 3-D porous apatite scaffold (B-HA), recently obtained through biomorphic transformation of a natural wood, is investigated on its multi-scale porous structure determining superior mechanical properties and biological behaviour. B-HA shows hierarchical pore architecture with wide aligned channels interconnected with smaller tubules, thus recapitulating in detail the lymphatic network of the original wood template. As induced by its biomimetic architecture, B-HA displays values of compression and tensile strength and stiffness, higher than the values usually measured in sintered ceramics with isotropic porosity. Furthermore, B-HA shows a ductility not common for a pure ceramic body and a tensile strength higher than its compression strength, thus occupying a zone in the Ashby chart where ceramics are usually not present. Cell co-culture tests in bioreactor report encouraging results in enhancing the complex tissue regeneration process, thus making B-HA very promising as a scaffold able to promote bone regeneration, particularly for large bone defects.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
Cleaved surface of i-AlPdMn quasicrystals: Influence of the local temperature elevation at the crack tip on the fracture surface roughness
Creators: name: Ponson, Laurent
name: Bonamy, Daniel
name: Barbier, Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Roughness of i-AlPdMn cleaved surfaces are presently analysed. From the atomic scale to 2-3 nm, they are shown to exhibit scaling properties hiding the cluster (0.45 nm) aperiodic structure. These properties are quantitatively similar to those observed on various disordered materials, albeit on other ranges of length scales. These properties are interpreted as the signature of damage mechanisms occurring within a 2-3 nm wide zone at the crack tip. The size of this process zone finds its origin in the local temperature elevation at the crack tip. For the very first time, this effect is reported to be responsible for a transition from a perfectly brittle behavior to a nanoductile one.
description: 8 pages
NAWA-Digit raports
Creators: name: Antczak, Doris
name: Gurtatowski, Marcin
name: Leszczyński, Grzegorz
name: Rogala, Anna
name: Lawrynowicz, Maciej
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2024

description: This report explores digital trends shaping marketing strategies, opportunities, and challenges, aligning with global trends and focusing on the competencies needed to navigate AI-driven changes in the industry.