cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Iowa Cropland Cash Rental Rates: Testing Ricardian Rent Theory
Creators: name: Du, Xiaodong
name: Hennessy, David A.
name: Edwards, William M.
name: Du, Xiaodong
name: Hennessy, David A.
name: Edwards, William M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Bargaining
subject: Basis
subject: Ethanol
subject: Land quality shadow price
subject: Rate of adjustment
subject: Spatial autocorrelation

description: Based on the Ricardian rent theory, this study employs the variable profit function to analyze the determinants of Iowa cropland cash rental rates using county-level panel data from 1987 to 2005. Accounting for spatial and temporal autocorrelations, responses of local cash rental rates to changes in output prices and other exogenous variables are estimated. We find that Iowa cash rental rates are largely determined by output/input prices, soil quality, relative location, and other county-specific factors. Cash rents go up by $79 for a $1 increase in corn price in the short run. The marginal value of cropland quality, as represented by row-crop corn suitability rating index, is about $1.05. Ethanol plants are not found to have a significant local effect on cash rental rates, impacting local rental markets mainly through the national futures price. Scale of the local livestock industry and adoption of genetically engineered crops have significant impacts on local cash rental rates. In addition, changes in crop output prices are found to have long-run effects on cash rental rates. The long-run change in cash rents is approximately $109-$114 for a $1 change in corn price and is reached in about four years. Our research may be viewed as a test of the Ricardian rent theory. We find limited support for the theory.
Recommendations for higher education and research institution associations and umbrella organisations towards ending gender-based violence
Creators: name: UniSAFE Project
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Gender based violence
RPOs
Umbrella organisations
institutional policy
higher education

description: This factsheet addresses associations and umbrella organisations at national or European level which unite, represent and support higher education and research institutions. It provides recommendations on their role towards ending gender-based violence. These recommendations are based on the findings from the EU-funded UniSAFE project. Importantly, gender-based violence is one of the five recommended areas to be covered by Gender Equality Plans required as an eligibility criterion in Horizon Europe. UniSAFE acknowledges that working towards ending gender-based violence is not a minor challenge and not all actors are, at the present moment, geared up for the task. It is, therefore, suggested that clear priorities are set, even if this means that not all recommendations can be taken up at once. Readers of this factsheet may want to consult UniSAFE’s toolkit section on concepts and meanings. Background information about the root causes of gender-based violence in research and academia are laid out in the White Paper for Policymakers and Institutional Managers, together with a presentation of the 7P model (Prevalence, Prevention, Protection, Prosecution, Provision of services, Partnerships, Policy).
Impact of the South Korea-U.S. Free Trade Agreement on the U.S. Livestock Sector
Creators: name: Fabiosa, Jacinto F.
name: Hayes, Dermot J.
name: Dong, Fengxia
name: Fabiosa, Jacinto F.
name: Hayes, Dermot J.
name: Dong, Fengxia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Dairy
subject: Free trade agreement
subject: Livestock
subject: Poultry
subject: Trade creation and diversion.

description: The recently signed Korea-U.S. Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA) grants the U.S. livestock industry with preferential access to South Korea's import market. This study evaluates the likely impacts of the KORUS FTA on the U.S. livestock sector. Using the Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute's modeling system, we find that livestock prices increase by 0.5% to 3.8% under the agreement. And together with an expansion by 381 to 883 million pounds in meat exports, the value of U.S. exports increase by close to U.S.$2 billion, or a 15.2% increase. Because of differential baseline starting market shares and differential rates and staging specifications, the beef sector results are primarily driven by trade diversion impacts, while a combination of trade diversion and trade creation characterizes the results in pork and poultry sectors.
Recommendations for higher education and research institutions towards ending gender-based violence
Creators: name: UniSAFE Project (2023)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Gender based violence
institutional Policy
gender+
Higher education
Research institutions

description: This factsheet addresses associations and umbrella organisations at national or European level which unite, represent and support higher education and research institutions. It provides recommendations on their role towards ending gender-based violence. These recommendations are based on the findings from the EU-funded UniSAFE project. Importantly, gender-based violence is one of the five recommended areas to be covered by Gender Equality Plans required as an eligibility criterion in Horizon Europe. UniSAFE acknowledges that working towards ending gender-based violence is not a minor challenge and not all actors are, at the present moment, geared up for the task. It is, therefore, suggested that clear priorities are set, even if this means that not all recommendations can be taken up at once. Readers of this factsheet may want to consult UniSAFE’s toolkit section on concepts and meanings. Background information about the root causes of genderbased violence in research and academia are laid out in the White Paper for Policymakers and Institutional Managers, together with a presentation of the 7P model (Prevalence, Prevention, Protection, Prosecution, Provision of services, Partnerships, Policy).
Fast rotating and low-turbulence discs at $z\simeq 4.5$: Dynamical evidence of their evolution into local early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Fraternali, F.
name: Karim, A.
name: Magnelli, B.
name: Gómez-Guijarro, C.
name: Jiménez-Andrade, E. F.
name: Posses, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive starburst galaxies in the early Universe are estimated to have depletion times of $\sim 100$ Myr and thus be able to convert their gas very quickly into stars, possibly leading to a rapid quenching of their star formation. For these reasons, they are considered progenitors of massive early-type galaxies (ETGs). In this paper, we study two high-$z$ starbursts, AzTEC/C159 ($z\simeq 4.57$) and J1000+0234 ($z\simeq 4.54$), observed with ALMA in the [CII] 158-$μ$m emission line. These observations reveal two massive and regularly rotating gaseous discs. A 3D modelling of these discs returns rotation velocities of about $500$ km/s and gas velocity dispersions as low as $\approx 20$ km/s, leading to very high ratios between regular and random motion ($V/σ{\lower.7ex\hbox{$\;\stackrel{\textstyle>}{\sim}\;$}} 20$), at least in AzTEC/C159. The mass decompositions of the rotation curves show that both galaxies are highly baryon-dominated with gas masses of $\approx 10^{11}M_{\odot}$, which, for J1000+0234, is significantly higher than previous estimates. We show that these high-$z$ galaxies overlap with $z=0$ massive ETGs in the ETG analogue of the stellar-mass Tully-Fisher relation once their gas is converted into stars. This provides dynamical evidence of the connection between massive high-$z$ starbursts and ETGs, although the transformation mechanism from fast rotating to nearly pressure-supported systems remains unclear.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Coordinating to Eradicate Animal Disease, and the Role of Insurance Markets
Creators: name: Hennessy, David A.
name: Hennessy, David A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Biosecurity
subject: Coordination failure
subject: Disease insurance
subject: Endemic disease
subject: Global games
subject: Market access
subject: Public information
subject: Veterinary public health

description: Farmed animal production has traditionally been a dispersed sector. Biosecurity actions relevant to eradicating infectious diseases are generally non-contractible, and might involve inordinately high transactions costs if they were contractible. If an endemic disease is to be eradicated within a region, synchronized actions need to be taken to reduce incidence below a critical mass so that spread can be contained. Using a global game model of coordination under public and private information concerning the critical mass required, this paper characterizes the success probability in an eradication campaign. As is standard in global games, heterogeneity in private signals can support a unique equilibrium. Partly because of strategic interactions, concentrated production is found to facilitate eradication whenever unit participation costs are decreasing. Policies to manipulate the critical mass have both a direct effect and a strategic coordination effect. Policies to manipulate information can have subtle and non-intuitive consequences. A program to keep disease out can be modeled similarly. It is shown, too, that coordination problems may lead to multiple equilibria in animal disease insurance markets, so that these markets may complicate a disease eradication program by creating opportunities for multiple inefficient equilibria. The presence of private insurance markets may facilitate coordination and, for good or ill, can seal the fate of a program.
Spectroscopy of the candidate pre-CV LTT 560
Creators: name: Tappert, C.
name: Gaensicke, B. T.
name: Mennickent, R. E.
name: Schmidtobreick, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present preliminary results on spectroscopic data of the candidate pre-cataclysmic variable LTT 560. A fit to the flux-calibrated spectrum reveals the temperature of the white-dwarf primary to be T_eff = 7000 - 7500 K, and confirms the result of previous studies on the detection of an M5V secondary star. The analysis of radial velocity data from spectral features attributed to the primary and the secondary star shows evidence for low-level accretion.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of a poster presentation at the Conference on "Close Binaries in the 21st Century: New Opportunities and Challenges", Syros, Greece, 27-30 June, 2005
A self-referenced in-situ arrival time monitor for X-ray free-electron lasers
Creators: name: Diez, Michael
name: Galler, Andreas
name: Schulz, Sebastian
name: Boemer, Christina
name: Coffee, Ryan N.
name: Hartmann, Nick
name: Heider, Rupert
name: Wagner, Martin S.
name: Helml, Wolfram
name: Katayama, Tetsuo
name: Sato, Tokushi
name: Sato, Takahiro
name: Yabashi, Makina
name: Bressler, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel, highly versatile, and self-referenced arrival time monitor for measuring the femtosecond time delay between a hard X-ray pulse from a free-electron laser and an optical laser pulse, measured directly on the same sample used for pump-probe experiments. Two chirped and picosecond long optical supercontinuum pulses traverse the sample with a mutually fixed time delay of 970 fs, while a femtosecond X-ray pulse arrives at an instant in between both pulses. Behind the sample the supercontinuum pulses are temporally overlapped to yield near-perfect destructive interference in the absence of the X-ray pulse. Stimulation of the sample with an X-ray pulse delivers non-zero contributions at certain optical wavelengths, which serve as a measure of the relative arrival time of the X-ray pulse with an accuracy of better than 25 fs. We find an excellent agreement of our monitor with the existing timing diagnostics at the SACLA XFEL with a Pearson correlation value of 0.98. We demonstrate a high sensitivity to measure X-ray pulses with pulse energies as low as 30 $μ$J. Using a free-flowing liquid jet as interaction sample ensures the full replacement of the sample volume for each X-ray/optical event, thus enabling its utility even at MHz repetition rate XFEL sources.
The Role of Customary Institutions in Managing Conflict on Grazing Land: A Study from Mieso District, Eastern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Beyene, Fekadu
name: Beyene, Fekadu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Property rights
subject: Conflict
subject: Grazing land
subject: Power asymmetry
subject: Access rights
subject: Customary institutions
subject: Mieso
subject: Ethiopia
subject: Africa

description: This paper examines interethnic conflict on grazing land previously accessed as common property. The study was undertaken in Mieso District of eastern Ethiopia where two ethnic groups experience different production systems - pastoral and agropastoral. Game theoretic approach and analytic narratives have been used as analytical tools. Results show that the historical change in land use by one of the ethnic groups, resource scarcity, violation of customary norms, power asymmetry and livestock raids are some of the factors that have contributed to the recurrence of the conflict. The role of raids in triggering conflict and restricting access to grazing area becomes particularly important. Socio-economic and political factors are responsible for power asymmetry and increasing scale of raids. The joint effect of an increase in trend of violence and a decline in capacity of customary authority in conflict management advances state role in establishing enforceable property rights institutions. This would be successful only if policies and intervention efforts are redirected at: 1) suppressing incentives for violence, 2) establishing new institutional structures, in consultation with clan elders of both parties and 3) building internal capacity to monitor conflict-escalating events.
Recommendations for higher education and research institutions towards ending gender-based violence
Creators: name: UniSAFE Project
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Gender based violence
institutional Policy
gender+
Higher education
Research institutions

description: This factsheet provides recommendations on the role of research and higher education institutions towards ending gender-based violence. Recommendations are based on the findings from the EU-funded UniSAFE project. for ending gender-based violence. Readers of this factsheet may want to consult UniSAFE’s toolkit section on concepts and meaningss of gender-based violence in research and academia are laid out in the White Paper for Policymakers and Institutional Managers, together with a presentation of the 7P model (Prevalence, Prevention, Protection, Prosecution, Provision of services, Partnerships, Policy).
Charge Imbalance Effects on Interlayer Hopping and Fermi Surfaces in Multilayered High-T_c Cuprates
Creators: name: Mori, M.
name: Tohyama, T.
name: Maekawa, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study doping dependence of interlayer hoppings, t_\perp, in multilayered cuprates with four or more CuO_2 planes in a unit cell. When the double occupancy is forbidden in the plane, an effective amplitude of t_\perp in the Gutzwiller approximation is shown to be proportional to the square root of the product of doping rates in adjacent two planes, i.e., t^eff_\perp \propto t_\perp \sqrt{δ_1δ_2}, where δ_1 and δ_2 represent the doping rates of the two planes. More than three-layered cuprates have two kinds of \cuo planes, i.e., inner- and outer planes (IP and OP), resulting in two different values of t^eff_{\perp}, i.e., t^eff_\perp 1 \propto t_\perp \sqrt{δ_IP δ_IP} between IP's, and t^eff_\perp 2 \propto t_\perp \sqrt{δ_IP δ_OP} between IP and OP. Fermi surfaces are calculated in the four-layered t-t'-t''-J model by the mean-field theory. The order parameters, the renormalization factor of t_\perp, and the site-potential making the charge imbalance between IP and OP are self-consistently determined for several doping rates. We show the interlayer splitting of the Fermi surfaces, which may be observed in the angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurement.
description: Some typographical errors are revised. Journal of Physical Society of Japan, Vol.75, No.3, in press
Beyond Economic Efficiency in Biodiversity Conservation
Creators: name: Gatzweiler, Franz W.
name: Volkmann, Jorg
name: Gatzweiler, Franz W.
name: Volkmann, Jorg
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Biodiversity conservation
subject: efficiency
subject: complexity
subject: values
subject: institutions

description: This paper aims at explaining the importance of the democracy stance as compared to the efficiency stance in order to deal with complexity in biodiversity conservation. While the efficiency stance refers to the realm of relatively simple systems, individual rationality, and instrumental values, the complexity stance transcends these boundaries into the realm of complex systems, social rationality and intrinsic values. We argue that the task of biodiversity conservation is impossible to achieve in economically efficient ways, because (a) it is impossible to come to a (fully informed) complete account of all values, not only because it is costly but also because (b) moral values are involved which (by their nature) exclude themselves from being accounted for, and (c) biodiversity conservation can be regarded as an end in itself instead of only a means towards an end. The point we raise is, that in order to cope with biodiversity conservation we need to apply valuation methods which are from the complexity stance, take better account of intrinsic values and feelings, as well as consider social rationality. Economic valuation methods are themselves 'value articulating institutions' and as biodiversity conservation confronts us with the complexity of social-ecological systems, the choice of the 'value articulating institutions' needs to consider their ability to capture instrumental and intrinsic values of biodiversity. We demonstrate a method, based on cybernetics, which is able to take into account the issues raised.
Nonthermal element abundances at astrophysical shocks
Creators: name: Eichmann, Björn
name: Rachen, Jörg P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonthermal source abundances of elements play a crucial role in the understanding of cosmic ray (CR) phenomena from a few GeV up to several tens of EeV. We present a first systematic approach to describe the change of the abundances from the thermal to the nonthermal state via diffusive shock acceleration by a temporally evolving shock. We consider hereby not only ionization states of elements contained in the ambient gas, which we allow to be time dependent due to shock heating, but also elements condensed on solid, charged dust grains which can be injected into the acceleration process as well. Our generic parametrized model is then applied to the case of particle acceleration by supernova remnants in various ISM phases, for which we use state-of-the-art computation packages to calculate the ionization states of all elements. The resulting predictions for low energy cosmic ray (LECR) source abundances are compared with the data obtained by various experiments. We obtain excellent agreement for shocks in warm ionized ISM environments, which include HII regions, if dust grains are injected into the diffusive shock acceleration process with a much higher efficiency than ions. Less dependence of the fit quality is found on the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. For neutral environments, assuming that there are shocks in the weakly ionized component, and for the hot ionized medium we obtain generally inferior fits, but except for the cold neutral medium we do not exclude them as subdominant sites of Galactic CR production. The key challenge is found to be putting the LECR abundance of pure gas phase elements like neon and the (semi-)volatile elements phosphorus, sulfur and chlorine into the right balance with silicon, calcium and elements of the iron group. Finally, a brief outlook to the potential consequences for the understanding of the CR composition at higher energies is presented.
What is a reduced boundary in general relativity?
Creators: name: Battista, Emmanuele
name: Esposito, Giampiero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of boundary plays an important role in several branches of general relativity, e.g., the variational principle for the Einstein equations, the event horizon and the apparent horizon of black holes, the formation of trapped surfaces. On the other hand, in a branch of mathematics known as geometric measure theory, the usefulness has been discovered long ago of yet another concept, i.e., the reduced boundary of a finite-perimeter set. This paper proposes therefore a definition of finite-perimeter sets and their reduced boundary in general relativity. Moreover, a basic integral formula of geometric measure theory is evaluated explicitly in the relevant case of Euclidean Schwarzschild geometry, for the first time in the literature. This research prepares the ground for a measure-theoretic approach to several concepts in gravitational physics, supplemented by geometric insight. Moreover, such an investigation suggests considering the possibility that the in-out amplitude for Euclidean quantum gravity should be evaluated over finite-perimeter Riemannian geometries that match the assigned data on their reduced boundary. As a possible application, an analysis is performed of the basic formulae leading eventually to the corrections of the intrinsic quantum mechanical entropy of a black hole.
description: v2: Section 4 is completely new, and important references have been added. v3: Sub-section 4.1 has been added, with new original calculations. v4: The figure has been amended
Textile and Clothing Safeguards: from the ATC to the Future
Creators: name: Kim, Sung Jae
name: Reinert, Kenneth A.
name: Kim, Sung Jae
name: Reinert, Kenneth A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: managed trade
subject: protectionism
subject: safeguards
subject: textiles and clothing

description: The Agreement on Textiles and Clothing established the textile and clothing safeguards regime from 1995 to 2004. The current safeguards regime for these products is defined in terms of the Agreement on Safeguards, the China Textile Safeguards, and the China Product-specific Safeguards. This article examines each of these three current safeguard options and assesses them in terms of a number of relevant dimensions. It also reviews safeguard actions to date to provide a sense of continued managed trade in this area.
The Doha Talks and the Bargaining Surplus in Agriculture
Creators: name: Furtan, William Hartley
name: Guzel, A.
name: Karantininis, Kostas
name: Furtan, William Hartley
name: Guzel, A.
name: Karantininis, Kostas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Doha Round
subject: rent seeking
subject: bargaining

description: The Doha Round has been slow to achieve a reduction in the level of agricultural protection. This remains the case notwithstanding the substantial economic benefits that would arise from a more liberal agricultural trading regime. We provide one explanation for this slowness using a simple bargaining model. We demonstrate that the bargaining countries received a substantial fiscal gain from reducing government expenditures in the run-up to the Uruguay Round. This fiscal pressure was sufficient to block rent seekers who wanted farm payments to continue. Since the Uruguay Round these fiscal constraints have been reduced and the same pressure to reach a bargain and control rent-seeking behaviour is not present in the Doha Round.
Recommendations for higher education and research institutions towards ending gender-based violence
Creators: name: Andreska, Zuzana
name: Linková, Marcela
name: Madesi, Vasia
name: Mergaert, Lut
name: Polykarpou, Panagiota
name: Wuiame, Nathalie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Gender based violence
institutional Policy
gender+
Higher education
Research institutions

description: This factsheet provides recommendations on the role of research and higher education institutions towards ending gender-based violence. Recommendations are based on the findings from the EU-funded UniSAFE project.  for ending gender-based violence.

Readers of this factsheet may want to consult UniSAFE’s toolkit section on concepts and meaningss of gender-based violence in research and academia are laid out in the White Paper for Policymakers and Institutional Managers, together with a presentation of the 7P model (Prevalence, Prevention, Protection, Prosecution, Provision of services, Partnerships, Policy).
PRISMA Checklist for A systematic review and meta-synthesis on the effect of dietary modification on executive function in obese patients
Creators: name: Nurkolis, Fahrul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 111103 Nutritional Physiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111199 Nutrition and Dietetics not elsewhere classified
subject: 111104 Public Nutrition Intervention
subject: 111101 Clinical and Sports Nutrition

description: PRISMA Checklist for A systematic review and meta-synthesis on the effect of dietary modification on executive function in obese patients
Coarse graining of master equations with fast and slow states
Creators: name: Pigolotti, Simone
name: Vulpiani, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We propose a general method for simplifying master equations by eliminating from the description rapidly evolving states. The physical recipe we impose is the suppression of these states and a renormalization of the rates of all the surviving states. In some cases, this decimation procedure can be analytically carried out and is consistent with other analytical approaches, like in the problem of the random walk in a double-well potential. We discuss the application of our method to nontrivial examples: diffusion in a lattice with defects and a model of an enzymatic reaction outside the steady state regime.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, final version (new subsection and many minor improvements)
Generalized coherence vector applied to coherence transformations and quantifiers
Creators: name: Bosyk, G. M.
name: Losada, M.
name: Massri, C.
name: Freytes, H.
name: Sergioli, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the main problems in any quantum resource theory is the characterization of the conversions between resources by means of the free operations of the theory. In this work, we advance on this characterization within the quantum coherence resource theory by introducing the generalized coherence vector of an arbitrary quantum state. The generalized coherence vector is a probability vector that can be interpreted as a concave roof extension of the pure states coherence vector. We show that it completely characterizes the notions of being incoherent, as well as being maximally coherent. Moreover, using this notion and the majorization relation, we obtain a necessary condition for the conversion of general quantum states by means of incoherent operations. These results generalize the necessary conditions of conversions for pure states given in the literature, and show that the tools of the majorization lattice are useful also in the general case. Finally, we introduce a family of coherence quantifiers by considering concave and symmetric functions applied to the generalized coherence vector. We compare this proposal with the convex roof measure of coherence and others quantifiers given in the literature.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures (close to the published version)
Elicitation of verb paradigms
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Chase, Sara
name: Lee-Wynant, Tyler
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-150816-05: verb paradigm elicitation (focus on customary aspect with classificatory verbs).
Transcription of file 021_B (collection LA 256)
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Chase, Sara
name: Lee-Wynant, Tyler
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-150816-03: transcription of file 021_B from LA 256 (collection of recordings given to the Berkeley Language Center by Verdena), from start to 2:26; includes some incidental anecdotes in English. Due to re-numbering, tape 021_B has been assigned to the CLA item number LA256.021, audio file LA256.021B.
The fate of the zero mode of the five-dimensional kink in the presence of gravity
Creators: name: Shaposhnikov, M.
name: Tinyakov, P.
name: Zuleta, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate what becomes of the translational zero-mode of a five-dimensional domain wall in the presence of gravity, studying the scalar perturbations of a thick gravitating domain wall with AdS asymptotics and a well-defined zero-gravity limit. Our analysis reveals the presence of a wide resonance which can be seen as a remnant of the translational zero-mode present in the domain wall in the absence of gravity and which ensures a continuous change of the physical quantities (such as e.g. static potential between sources) when the Planck mass is sent to infinity. Provided that the thickness of the wall is much smaller than the AdS radius of the space-time, the parameters of this resonance do not depend on details of the domain wall's structure, but solely on the geometry of the space-time.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures; v2: 2 machine-generated typos in the introduction corrected
How dissonant is the augmented triad?
Creators: name: Broyles, Joshua Clement
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Throughout the centuries, music theorists have consistently designated the augmented triad as dissonant, but not for entirely consistent reasons. In one interpretation of this "dissonant nature," an interpretation with which this thesis is concerned, the augmented triad is less harmonically "stable" than the major and minor triads in root position or in first inversion and, at most, only as stable as the second inversions of the major and minor triads. The various arguments against the stability of the augmented triad have largely been of the three basic types: acoustic/numerological, psychoacoustic/perceptual, and cognitive/tonal-syntactic. A small number of theorists, from very early on, have not been entirely committed to the intrinsic instability of the augmented triad as compared to major and minor triads. In recent decades research in music perception has drawn into question the absolute validity of this designation, but has stopped short of demonstrating specific conditions under which an augmented triad would actually be likely to sound more harmonically stable than a major or minor triad. This thesis documents a perceptual experiment and its results which statistically support the claim that conditions exist under which listeners may perceive an augmented triad as more harmonically stable than a major triad. These conditions are specific but they are not abnormal in twentieth-century music, and they are not totally absent in earlier Western music.
Determination of barrier heights and prefactors from protein folding rate data
Creators: name: Plotkin, Steven S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We determine both barrier heights and prefactors for protein folding by applying constraints determined from experimental rate measurements to a Kramers theory for folding rate. The theoretical values are required to match the experimental values at two conditions of temperature and denaturant that induce the same stability. Several expressions for the prefactor in the Kramers rate equation are examined: a random energy approximation, a correlated energy approximation, and an approximation using a single Arrhenius activation energy. Barriers and prefactors are generally found to be large as a result of implementing this recipe, i.e. the folding landscape is cooperative and smooth. Interestingly, a prefactor with a single Arrhenius activation energy admits no formal solution.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, Accepted Biophys J
Learning from similarity and information extraction from structured documents
Creators: name: Holeček, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: The automation of document processing is gaining recent attention due to the great potential to reduce manual work through improved methods and hardware. Neural networks have been successfully applied before - even though they have been trained only on relatively small datasets with hundreds of documents so far. To successfully explore deep learning techniques and improve the information extraction results, a dataset with more than twenty-five thousand documents has been compiled, anonymized and is published as a part of this work. We will expand our previous work where we proved that convolutions, graph convolutions and self-attention can work together and exploit all the information present in a structured document. Taking the fully trainable method one step further, we will now design and examine various approaches to using siamese networks, concepts of similarity, one-shot learning and context/memory awareness. The aim is to improve micro F1 of per-word classification on the huge real-world document dataset. The results verify the hypothesis that trainable access to a similar (yet still different) page together with its already known target information improves the information extraction. Furthermore, the experiments confirm that all proposed architecture parts are all required to beat the previous results. The best model improves the previous state-of-the-art results by an 8.25 gain in F1 score. Qualitative analysis is provided to verify that the new model performs better for all target classes. Additionally, multiple structural observations about the causes of the underperformance of some architectures are revealed. All the source codes, parameters and implementation details are published together with the dataset in the hope to push the research boundaries since all the techniques used in this work are not problem-specific and can be generalized for other tasks and contexts.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, manuscript for the IJDAR journal special issue for ICDAR conference
THE ROLE OF MODERN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY MODERNIZATION
Creators: name: Kenzhebekov, N.
name: Mikadze, L.
Publisher: name: Sciences of Europe
Year: 2021
Subjects: tourism
information and communication technologies
GDS
CRS
ICT in tourism
tourism and hospitality industry
reservation systems
booking systems
online tourism
travel service.

description: The article considers the significance of modern tools of information and communication technologies in respect to the tourism and hospitality industry, to its evolution and development. It touches the history of first computer reservation system and its further influence on the sphere of tourism, uncovers advantages of information and communication technologies in tourism, and emphasizes the value of ICT from the economic perspective, including force majeure circumstances, such as COVID-19 pandemic.
Multi-wavelength interferometry of evolved stars using VLTI and VLBA
Creators: name: Wittkowski, M.
name: Boboltz, D. A.
name: Driebe, T.
name: Ohnaka, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on our project of coordinated VLTI/VLBA observations of the atmospheres and circumstellar environments of evolved stars. We illustrate in general the potential of interferometric measurements to study stellar atmospheres and envelopes, and demonstrate in particular the advantages of a coordinated multi-wavelength approach including near/mid-infrared as well as radio interferometry. We have so far made use of VLTI observations of the near- and mid-infrared stellar sizes and of concurrent VLBA observations of the SiO maser emission. To date, this project includes studies of the Mira stars S Ori and RR Aql as well as of the supergiant AH Sco. These sources all show strong silicate emission features in their mid-infrared spectra. In addition, they each have relatively strong SiO maser emission. The results from our first epochs of S Ori measurements have recently been published and the main results are reviewed here. The S Ori maser ring is found to lie at a mean distance of about 2 stellar radii, a result that is virtually free of the usual uncertainty inherent in comparing observations of variable stars widely separated in time and stellar phase. We discuss the status of our more recent S Ori, RR Aql, and AH Sco observations, and present an outlook on the continuation of our project.
description: 9 pages, to appear in the proceedings of the ESO workshop "The Power of Optical/IR Interferometry: Recent Scientific Results and 2nd Generation VLTI Instrumentation", ESO Astrophysics Symposia
Evidence of the four-quark nature of $f_0(980)$ and $f_0(500)$
Creators: name: Achasov, N. N.
name: Bennett, J. V.
name: Kiselev, A. V.
name: Kozyrev, E. A.
name: Shestakov, G. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There exists a great deal of concrete evidence in favor of the exotic four-quark nature of light scalars. At the same time, the further expansion of the area of the $q^2\bar q^2$ model validity for light scalars on ever new processes seems extremely interesting and important. We analyze the BESIII data on the decay $J/ψ\to γπ^0π^0$ and show that the results of this high-statistics experiment can be interpreted in favor of the four-quark nature of light scalar mesons $f_0(980)$ and $f_0(500)$.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, v2: improved discussion, references corrected, matched the pudlished version in Phys. Rev. D
National mapping and reporting of salt-affected soils of Italy
Creators: name: Ungaro, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Soil saliniy
Salt-affected soils
Italy
Digital Soil Mapping

description: The report presents the result of the nation scale assessment of salt-affect soils for Italy realized within the framework of the FAO-GSP (Global Soil Parnetship) towards the realization of the World Map of Salt Affected Soils (https://www.fao.org/global-soil-partnership/gsasmap/en).  The maps for Italy have been realized by CNR and CREA researchers with the contributions of the regional soil services.
จามเทวีวงศ์: ความผสมผสานระหว่างเรื่องเล่าเชิงประวัติศาสตร์และเรื่องเล่าเชิงพุทธศาสนา
Creators: name: ชนินทร์ ผ่องสวัสดิ์
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2015
Subjects: -

description: วรรณวิทัศน์, 15, พฤศจิกายน, 52-80
Laser effect on the final products of $Z$-boson decay
Creators: name: Jakha, M.
name: Mouslih, S.
name: Taj, S.
name: Manaut, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimentalists have long sought a method that allows them to control as they like the branching ratios of an unstable particle decay and direct some decay to follow one specific desired channel without another. The powerful laser could make this dream come true. In this Letter and within the framework of the standard electroweak model, we investigate theoretically the laser effect on the branching ratios of different $Z$-boson decay modes by calculating analytically the $Z$-boson decay into a pair of fermion-antifermion $(Z\rightarrow f\bar{f})$ in the presence of a circularly polarized electromagnetic field. It is found that, at high intensities, the $Z$-boson could only decay invisibly into neutrinos, and its decay into any other pair of charged fermions becomes impossible due to the increase in the effective mass that fermions acquire inside the electromagnetic field. The influence of the laser frequency and intensity on the lifetime is also included in order to confirm the surprising result obtained for the pion lifetime in a previous paper [ Mouslih S \textit{et al} 2020 \textit{Phys. Rev. D} \textbf{102} 073006 ].
description: 13 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2010.14402
Charge and Statistics of Quasiparticles in Fractional Quantum Hall Effec
Creators: name: Basu, B.
name: Bandyopadhyay, P.
name: Dhar, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied here the charge and statistics of quasiparticle excitations in FQH states on the basis of the Berry phase approach incorporating the fact that even number of flux quanta can be gauged away when the Berry phase is removed to the dynamical phase. It is observed that the charge $q$ and statistical parameter $θ$ of a quasiparticle at filling factor $ν=\frac{n}{2pn+1}$ are given by $q=(\frac{n}{2pn+1})e$ and $θ=\frac{n}{2pn+1}$, with the fact that the charge of the quasihole is opposite to that of the quasielectron. Using Laughlin wave function for quasiparticles, numerical studies have been done following the work of Kjønsberg and Myrheim \cite{KM} for FQH states at $ν=1/3$ and it is pointed out that as in case of quasiholes, the statistics parameter can be well defined for quasielectrons having the value $θ=1/3$.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
title: High surface stability of magnetite on bi-layer Fe₃O₄/Fe/MgO(0 0 1) films under 1 MeV Kr⁺ ion irradiation
Creators: name: Kim-Ngan, N.-T. H.
name: Krupska, M.
name: Balogh, A. G.
name: Malinsky, P.
name: Mackova, A.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2024

description: We investigate the stability of the bi-layer Fe₃O₄/Fe/MgO(0 0 1) films grown epitaxially on MgO(0 0 1) substrates with the layer thickness in the range of 25–100 nm upon 1 MeV Kr⁺ ion irradiation. The layer structure and layer composition of the films before and after ion irradiation were studied by XRR, RBS and RBS-C techniques. The interdiffusion and intermixing was analyzed. No visible change in the RBS spectra was observed upon irradiation with ion fluence below 10¹⁵ Kr cm⁻². The bi-layer structure and the stoichiometric Fe₃O₄ layer on the surface were well preserved after Kr+ ion irradiation at low damage levels, although the strong intermixing implied a large interfacial (FexOy) and (Fe, Mg)Oy layer respective at Fe₃O₄–Fe and Fe–MgO interface. The high ion fluence of 3.8 × 10¹⁶ Kr cm⁻² has induced a complete oxidization of the buffer Fe layer. Under such Kr fluence, the stoichiometry of the Fe₃O₄ surface layer was still preserved indicating its high stability. The entire film contains FexOy -type composition at ion fluence large than 5.0 × 10¹⁶ Kr cm⁻².
Perfect fluidity of sQGP core and dissipative hadronic corona
Creators: name: Hirano, Tetsufumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We can establish a new picture, the perfect fluid sQGP core and the dissipative hadronic corona, of the space-time evolution of produced matter in relativistic heavy ion collisions at RHIC. It is also shown that the picture works well also in the forward rapidity region through an analysis based on a new class of the hydro-kinetic model and is a manifestation of deconfinement.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, talk given at Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC05), Santa Fe, New Mexico, 24-28 Oct 2005
Dynamic wormhole geometries in hybrid metric-Palatini gravity
Creators: name: Zangeneh, Mahdi Kord
name: Lobo, Francisco S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we analyse the evolution of time-dependent traversable wormhole geometries in a Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker background in the context of the scalar-tensor representation of hybrid metric-Palatini gravity. We deduce the energy-momentum profile of the matter threading the wormhole spacetime in terms of the background quantities, the scalar field, the scale factor and the shape function, and find specific wormhole solutions by considering a barotropic equation of state for the background matter. We find that particular cases satisfy the null and weak energy conditions for all times. In addition to the barotropic equation of state, we also explore a specific evolving wormhole spacetime, by imposing a traceless energy-momentum tensor for the matter threading the wormhole and find that this geometry also satisfies the null and weak energy conditions at all times.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. V2: Discussion and references added; now 11 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in Eur.Phys.J.C
title: Thinking about Shinran Shōnin
title: Shinran Shōnin wo omou 親鸞聖人を思う (“Thinking about Shinran Shōnin”)
Creators: name: Pye, Michael
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: religious dialogue
Otani-ha
Pilgerfahrt
Ahnen
Shinran
primal religion
Religionsdialog
Higashi Honganji
Other and comparative religions
Andere Religionen
Dialog , Religion
ancestors , pilgrimage
Luther
Amitābha
Shin-Buddhism , tariki
Buddhismus
Shin-Buddhismus , tariki

description: Shinran Shōnin wo omou (“Thinking
      about Shinran Shōnin”) is the text of a lecture in Japanese
      given by invitation at the head temple of the Jōdo Shinshū
      Ōtani-ha, the Higashi Honganji in Kyōto, on November 28th
      2015. It was part of the program of the 2015 Hōonkō, the
      annual week-long pattern of events which celebrates the life
      of Shinran (1173-1262). The main lecture text has the
      following sections: 1) introduction: faith and shinjin; 2)
      the Tannishō and the tension with primal religion; 3) Shin
      Budddhist thought and the question of this-worldly benefits;
      4) the transcendent quality of Amida Nyorai; 5) visiting
      places associated with Shinran Shōnin. An appendix consists
      of two short articles with related content entitled Shoshūkyō
      to shinshū no gendaisei 1-2 (“Religious diversity and the
      modernity of Shinshū” 1-2) which were written for the
      Ōsaka-based newsletter Minami Godō Shinbun 南御堂新聞
      (2016).
description: 東本願寺の報恩講での講演(28.11.2015)。 1
      序文,信仰と信心. 2　歎異抄と民間宗教の緊張感. 3 真宗の思想と現世利益の問題. 4　阿弥陀如来の超自然性.
      5　親鸞ゆかりの地を訪ねて.