cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic law from the entanglement entropy bound
Creators: name: Park, Chanyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From black hole thermodynamics, the Bekenstein bound has been proposed as a universal thermal entropy bound. It has been further generalized to an entanglement entropy bound which is valid even in a quantum system. In a quantumly entangled system, the non-negativity of the relative entropy leads to the entanglement entropy bound. When the entanglement entropy bound is saturated, a quantum system satisfies the thermodynamics-like law with an appropriately defined entanglement temperature. We show that the saturation of the entanglement entropy bound accounts for a universal feature of the entanglement temperature proportional to the inverse of the system size. In addition, we show that the deformed modular Hamiltonian under a global quench also satisfies the generalized entanglement entropy boundary after introducing a new quantity called the entanglement chemical potential.
description: 18 pages, references added, modified the entanglement entropy bound caused by a global quench
title: Evaluation of changes in serum creatinine due to the seasonal temperature immediately before contrast-enhanced CT
Creators: name: Gomi, Tatsuya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Contrast agents
subject: CT
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Drugs / Reactions

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is defined in the ESUR (European Society of Urogenital Radiology) as renal hypofunction with an increase in the serum creatinine (SCr) level by 25% or more or 44 μmol/L (0.5 mg/dL) or more developing within 3 days...
Four-lepton production from photon-induced reactions in $pp$ collisions at the LHC
Creators: name: Dyndal, Mateusz
name: Schoeffel, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cross sections for the reaction $γγ\rightarrow 4\ell$ in proton--proton collisions are calculated at the LHC energies. We show that the purely electroweak process $γγ\rightarrow 4\ell$ can be studied at the LHC and can constitute a background to other processes with $4\ell$ or $2\ell$ final states.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, Presented at the Cracow Epiphany Conference, Krakow, Poland (2016)
The Autotelic Personality Through a Cybernetic Lense – a Replication and Extension of Tse et al. (2020)
Creators: name: Scharbert, Julian
name: Geukes, Katharina
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Psychological Phenomena and Processes

description: The study described in this project aims at replicating the study of Tse et al. (2020) as well as at extending it by including informant reports. In addition, it theoretically links the concept of an autotelic personality (Csíkszentmihályi, 1990) with the Cybernetic Big Five Theory (DeYoung, 2015) and investigates these associations empirically in the new data set as well as by reanalyzing the dataset of Study 2 by Tse et al. (2020).
Sexual Desire in the Time of COVID
Creators: name: Balzarini, Rhonda
name: Muise, Amy
name: Zoppolat, Giulia
name: Garcia, Justin
name: Lehmiller, Justin
name: Slatcher, Richard
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: COVID-19
subject: COVID-related stress
subject: Financial Strain
subject: romantic relationships
subject: sexual desire
subject: Stress
subject: Worry

description: Using the data from two, large-scale studies examining the effects of COVID-19 on relationships, we seek to assess the link between external stressors—like those introduced by the COVID-19 pandemic—and sexual desire, and to examine if this association is influenced by people’s reports of depression and psychological distress.
title: “Lung ultrasound integrated with Chest-XR in first diagnosis of pediatric pneumonia and its role in follow-up.”.
Creators: name: Ianniello, Stefania
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Infection
subject: Image verification
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Observer performance
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Paediatric
subject: Lung
subject: Emergency

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the role of lung ultrasound integrated with Chest XR for the first diagnosis of pediatric pneumonia, and to define its role during the follow-up, to exclude complications. In the first diagnosis, we...
The expected bit complexity of the von Neumann rejection algorithm
Creators: name: Devroye, Luc
name: Gravel, Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 65C10, 68Q25, 68Q30, 68Q87, 68W20, 68W40

description: In 1952, von Neumann introduced the rejection method for random variate generation. We revisit this algorithm when we have a source of perfect bits at our disposal. In this random bit model, there are universal lower bounds for generating a random variate with a given density to within an accuracy $ε$ derived by Knuth and Yao, and refined by the authors. In general, von Neumann's method fails in this model. We propose a modification that insures proper behavior for all Riemann-integrable densities on compact sets, and show that the expected number of random bits needed behaves optimally with respect to universal lower bounds. In particular, we introduce the notion of an oracle that evaluates the supremum and infimum of a function on any rectangle of $\mathbb{R}^{d}$, and develop a quadtree-style extension of the classical rejection method.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
title: The "whirl sign". True or False?
Creators: name: Pire, María
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Emergency
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Volvulus

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To define the CT imaging features of the “whirl sign" and describe the pathologic conditions in which this sign can be found, being most of them potentially lethal. We will also describe other whirling appearance signs, more common but with less...
Nursing and Psychotherapy in Distressed Adults with Advanced Cancer: A Scoping Review.
Creators: name: Malakian, Argin
name: Fazelzad, Rouhi
name: Mayo, Samantha
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy
subject: Neoplasms
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Diseases
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Palliative Care
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Mental and Social Health
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Advanced cancer
subject: Distress
subject: Nursing
subject: Oncology
subject: Palliative care
subject: Psycho-oncology
subject: psychotherapy
subject: scoping review
subject: Supportive care

description: What is known in the current literature about nursings use of psychotherapy for adults living with advanced cancer experiencing psychological distress?
Ketogenic diet in childhood epilepsy: case report and review of literature
Creators: name: Weng, Yu-I
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Epilepsy/seizure disorder is the most common childhood neurologic condition. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are the mainstay of epilepsy treatment. Ketogenic diet (KD) is an effective dietary therapy for children with intractable epilepsy. However, both these two therapy increase risk of vitamin and mineral deficiency and may cause osteoporosis in children. I report the case of a 7-year-old girl presented with a 2-day history of vomiting and increased seizures activity to three times per week. Her past medical history is remarkable for epilepsy and has been on multiple AEDs since age 16 month. The 3:1 ratio KD was started from age 3 with a moderate improvement in seizure activity from weekly episode to monthly. To enhance the effect of ketosis on seizure control, she was put on 4:1 ration KD with gradual improvement. Bone density scan (DEXA scan) shows worsening bone mineral density through the past year possibly due to immobility and long term AEDs and KD uses. Calcium and vitamin D supplement together with adequate energy intake is important to manage her osteoporosis and promote optimal growth.
Bottom production in Photon and Pomeron -- induced interactions at the LHC
Creators: name: Goncalves, V. P.
name: Potterat, C.
name: Rangel, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a detailed comparison of the bottom production in gluon -- gluon, photon -- gluon, photon -- photon, pomeron -- gluon, pomeron -- pomeron and pomeron -- photon interactions at the LHC. The transverse momentum, pseudo -- rapidity and $ξ$ dependencies of the cross sections are calculated at LHC energy using the Forward Physics Monte Carlo (FPMC), which allows to obtain realistic predictions for the bottom production with one or two leading intact protons. Moreover, predictions for the the kinematical range probed by the LHCb Collaboration are also presented. Our results indicate that the analysis of the single diffractive events is feasible using the Run I LHCb data.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Version published in Physical Review D
Nutrition Focused Physical Assessment: Identifying Older Adult Malnutrition
Creators: name: Ebersohl, Meredith
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Introduction: Malnutrition is a growing concern in hospitals and long-term care facilities in the United States. Being malnourished can increase the risk of mortality in patients, as well as their length of stay in and readmission to the hospital. Malnutrition is often thought of as a condition that only occurs in extreme poverty, developing countries, or in war-torn regions. While this certainly happens, malnutrition has a much broader scope than that; in fact, it is estimated that 30-50% of hospitalized patients in the United States are malnourished, and that up to 85% of older adults in long term care facilities have some degree of malnutrition. In the 1970’s, researchers revealed how widespread malnutrition was in hospitalized adults in developed countries, and the medical community turned to malnourished children in developing countries to inform their malnutrition definitions and characterizations.3–5 Marasmus is starvation without inflammation and is a deficiency in all macro and micronutrients. It can be used to describe one of the three current malnutrition classifications: starvation-related malnutrition, which is also referred to as malnutrition in the context of social or environmental circumstances. Kwashiorkor is inadequate protein intake in the presence of adequate calories. This is found in children in developing countries who do not have adequate access to protein-rich foods and is characterized by edema in underweight children. Although this condition has similarities to adults with malnutrition, such as hypoalbuminemia and a possible inflammatory response, kwashiorkor should only be used to describe pediatric patients in developing areas due to its unique characteristics. Because historic definitions do not directly apply to adult populations, and malnutrition has become a greater priority in developed countries, there is a need to better define and describe the condition. In 2012, The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (AND) and the American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) released a joint statement for defining and diagnosing adult malnutrition. The purpose of the joint statement is to establish a universal set of guidelines for diagnosing malnutrition. By creating these standards, the organizations hope that clinicians will more quickly recognize malnutrition, patients will receive appropriate care, researchers can better estimate its prevalence and incidence, and health care providers will have more guidance on possible interventions and realistic expectations of the outcome.
title: CEUS in low energy isolated abdominal trauma: a retrospective case-series study.
Creators: name: sessa, barbara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: Emergency
subject: Contrast agents
subject: Abdomen

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The aim of the study is to evaluate the accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the detection and staging of abdominal traumatic lesions in patients with low-energy isolated abdominal trauma in comparison with baseline-ultrasound (US) and...
Item Response Tree Process Model for Faking Detection
Creators: name: Sun, Tianjun
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: item response tree
subject: likert scale
subject: selection test

description: With the increasing popularity of non-cognitive inventories in personnel selection, organizations typically wish to be able to tell when a job applicant purposefully manufactures a favorable impression. Past faking research has primarily focused on how to reduce faking via instrument design, warnings, and statistical corrections for faking. This paper took a new approach by examining the effects of faking (experimentally manipulated and contextually driven) on response processes. We modified a recently introduced item response theory tree modeling procedure, the three-process model (Böckenholt, 2013), to identify faking in two studies. Study 1 examined self-reported vocational interest assessment responses in a low-stakes setting where an induced faking experimental design was used. Study 2 examined self-reported personality assessment responses when some people were in a high-stakes situation (i.e., selection). Across the two studies, individuals instructed or expected to fake were found to engage in more extreme responding. By identifying the underlying differences between fakers and honest respondents, the new approach improves our understanding of faking. Percentage cut-offs based on extreme responding produced a faker classification precision of 85% on average.
Probing the gluon density of the proton in the exclusive photoproduction of vector mesons at the LHC: A phenomenological analysis
Creators: name: Goncalves, V. P.
name: Martins, L. A. S.
name: Sauter, W. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current uncertainty on the gluon density extracted from the global parton analysis is large in the kinematical range of small values of the Bjorken - $x$ variable and low values of the hard scale $Q^2$. An alternative to reduces this uncertainty is the analysis of the exclusive vector meson photoproduction in photon - hadron and hadron - hadron collisions. This process offers a unique opportunity to constrain the gluon density of the proton, since its cross section is proportional to the gluon density squared. In this paper we consider current parametrizations for the gluon distribution and estimate the exclusive vector meson photoproduction cross section at HERA and LHC using the leading logarithmic formalism. We perform a fit of the normalization of the $γh$ cross section and the value of the hard scale for the process and demonstrate that the current LHCb experimental data are better described by models that assume a slow increasing of the gluon distribution at small - $x$ and low $Q^2$.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Version published in European Physical Journal C
Hilbert-space localization in closed quantum systems
Creators: name: Cohen, Doron
name: Yukalov, Vyacheslav I.
name: Ziegler, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum localization within an energy-shell of a closed quantum system stands in contrast to the ergodic assumption of Boltzmann, and to the corresponding eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. The familiar case is the real-space "Anderson localization" and its many-body Fock-space version. We use the term "Hilbert-space localization" in order to emphasize the more general phase-space context. Specifically, we introduce a unifying picture that extends the semiclassical perspective of Heller, which relates the localization measure to the probability of return. We illustrate our approach by considering several systems of experimental interest, referring in particular to the Bosonic Josephson tunneling junction. We explore the dependence of the localization measure on the initial state, and on the strength of the many-body interactions using a novel recursive projection method.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Mitchells Plain, a Documentary by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Information, Republic of South Africa (1980). Transcript and Screenshots
Creators: name: Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Information, Republic of South Africa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Mitchells Plain, 1980, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Information (17:48 minutes)
 Director/Cameraman: Steve Theunissen
 Production Manager: Ria Coetzer
 Editor: Alastair Henderson
 Script and producer: Sakkie Van der Walt
On the mean curvature flow of grain boundaries
Creators: name: Kim, Lami
name: Tonegawa, Yoshihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C44, 49Q20

description: Suppose that $Γ_0\subset\mathbb R^{n+1}$ is a closed countably $n$-rectifiable set whose complement $\mathbb R^{n+1}\setminus Γ_0$ consists of more than one connected component. Assume that the $n$-dimensional Hausdorff measure of $Γ_0$ is finite or grows at most exponentially near infinity. Under these assumptions, we prove a global-in-time existence of mean curvature flow in the sense of Brakke starting from $Γ_0$. There exists a finite family of open sets which move continuously with respect to the Lebesgue measure, and whose boundaries coincide with the space-time support of the mean curvature flow.
description: 64 pages, 6 figures
A Meta-analysis and Scoping Review on First Impressions Towards Individuals With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder
Creators: name: Wanigasekera, Lashindri
name: Tan, Diana
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: autism
subject: first impressions
subject: scoping review

description: Meta-analysis and scoping review protocol for first impressions and autistm.
Effects of Motivational Interviewing and Goal Setting on Albumin Levels in Patients on Dialysis
Creators: name: McDermott, Ellen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Objective: Serum albumin level is a strong predictor of mortality in ESRD patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Although multiple variables affect serum albumin level, studies have shown protein intake interventions can be effective at increasing serum albumin level and have positive effects on mortality outcomes. Motivational interviewing (MI) has shown to be effective in various healthcare settings and its use has been advocated for in ESRD patients, but there is limited evidence on its effectiveness in improving outcomes within this population. SMART goal setting has also been studied in other healthcare settings including rehabilitation, but evidence is limited on its effectiveness in the ESRD population. This study was conducted to explore the effects of motivational interviewing techniques coupled with SMART goal setting on serum albumin levels in patients with ESRD on maintenance HD. Design: 1-month prospective interventional study design. Setting: The study was conducted from September 2017 through October 2017 in the Rocky Mount Dialysis Clinic of Fresenius Kidney Care in Denver, Colorado.Subjects: A total of 9 patients with at least one serum albumin level lab result 3.5 g/dL from June-August 2017.Intervention: The 1-month intervention consisted of 3 weekly individual counseling sessions with the dietetic intern utilizing motivational interviewing techniques and SMART goal setting related to protein intake.Main Outcome Measure: Change in serum albumin level over 1-month intervention period.Results: This study reports an average change in serum albumin of +0.2 g/dL with a 95% confidence interval of (-0.4174, 0.0174) and a p-value of 0.0667 over a 1-month intervention period.Conclusion: These results show an average increase in serum albumin level in maintenance hemodialysis patients following a 3-week intervention of nutrition counseling sessions using motivational interviewing and SMART goal setting techniques. Further research in this area should use randomized control designs and larger sample sizes to explore long-term outcomes while controlling for the various etiologies of hypoalbuminemia in this population.
title: Acute COPD exacerbation: 3 Tesla MRI evaluation of pulmonary regional perfusion - preliminary experience.
Creators: name: Chiaravalloti, Antonio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Experimental investigations
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Lung
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Chronic obstructive airways disease

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The evaluation of pulmonary perfusion plays a major role in the study of lung function and inthe understanding of pulmonary pathophysiology. Changes in regional parenchymal perfusion can be encountered in some lung diseases such as pulmonary...
Additional file 1 of Environmental bacterial load during surgical and ultrasound procedures in a Swedish small animal hospital
Creators: name: Alsing-Johansson, Todd
name: Bergström, Karin
name: Sternberg-Lewerin, Susanna
name: Bergh, Anna
name: Östlund, Emma
name: Penell, Johanna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1. Program versions and parameters for bioinformatic analysis. Sample reads were trimmed with Trimmomatic [1] and checked for contamination with Kraken2 [2]. For whole genome assembly the reads were normalized with the BBNorm tool from the BBTools suite [3] and assembled with Unicycler [4]. The assembly was then used for multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) using PubMLST schemes [5–9] and resistance gene identification with ResFinder [10–12]. Samples with the same sequence type or allele combination were compared with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-analysis. SNP-analysis was performed for all S. capitis samples since there is no MLST scheme available for this species. For the SNP-analysis reads were downsampled using the reformat tool from BBTools [3] and mapped to reference genomes (Accession nrs. GCA_020740065.1, GCF_006094375.1, GCF_003812505.1, GCF_016126715.1) with Bowtie2 [13] and SAMTools [14]. SNPs were called and filtered with BCFTools [14] and an in-house python script [15].
title: Abdominal aortic aneurysms: rupture signs on computed tomography
Creators: name: Tang, An
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Education
subject: Complications
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Vascular
subject: Emergency
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this educational exhibit is: To categorize abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture signs according to their location; To detect computed tomography (CT) signs of impending or contained AAA rupture before completed AAA rupture; To...
A Functional Composition Approach to Filter Sharpening and Modular Filter Design
Creators: name: Demirtas, Sefa
name: Oppenheim, Alan V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Designing and implementing systems as an interconnection of smaller subsystems is a common practice for modularity and standardization of components and design algorithms. Although not typically cast in this framework, many of these approaches can be viewed within the mathematical context of functional composition. This paper re-interprets and generalizes within the functional composition framework one such approach known as filter sharpening, i.e. interconnecting filter modules which have significant approximation error in order to obtain improved filter characteristics. More specifically, filter sharpening is approached by determining the composing polynomial to minimize the infinity-norm of the approximation error, utilizing the First Algorithm of Remez. This is applied both to sharpening for FIR, even-symmetric filters and for the more general case of subfilters that have complex-valued frequency responses including causal IIR filters and for continuous-time filters. Within the framework of functional composition, this paper also explores the use of functional decomposition to approximate a desired system as a composition of simpler functions based on a two-norm on the approximation error. Among the potential advantages of this decomposition is the ability for modular implementation in which the inner component of the functional decomposition represents the subfilters and the outer the interconnection.
Optically Clear Biomicroviscometer with Modular Geometry Using Disposable PDMS Chips
Creators: name: Lee-Yow, Niko
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2018
Subjects: viscometer
blood
optically clear
modular

description: We have designed and fabricated a biomicroviscometer platform for measurement of microflows of biological fluids. The biomicroviscometer combines an optically clear biocompatible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) channel with on-chip integrated microfluidic differential pressure sensors and capabilities of modular channel geometries. This setup allows for a direct measurement of the change in pressure and flow rate, increasing the overall accuracy of the measurement of viscosity and optical observation. We present an introduction of this combined method of measurement with different channel dimensions, using Newtonian and non Newtonian fluids, and the corresponding calculations. This measurement technique has potential applications in measuring rheological properties at the micro level to further blood disease analysis, and lab-on-a-chip fabrication and analysis.
Usability Studies for Evaluating Educational/Learning Technologies--A Systematic Literature Review
Creators: name: Lu, Jie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Education

description: This systematic literature review is conducted to answer the above mentioned research aim. The Population/Problem, Interest, COntext approach (Stern et al., 2014), a revision of the PICO framework for qualitative research, will be used to inform the development and focus of this review. This review will also follow the PRISMA guideline.
Evaluating and Disseminating the Obesity Prevention Impact of Farm to School Projects
Creators: name: Cashwell, Erin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Specific Aims: Aim 1: Evaluate the impact of USDA-funded Farm to School programs on student diet, physical activity/sedentary behavior, and health. Aim 2: Use the RE-AIM model to assess the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance of USDA-funded Farm to School programs, identifying facilitators of and barriers to program implementation and maintenance. Aim 3: Use the results from Aims 1 and 2 to identify promising evidence-based obesity-related F2S interventions, implementation strategies and program adaptations and package these findings for dissemination and implementation through the Center for Training and Research Translation. Hypotheses: Students in comprehensive Farm to School projects will experience greater increases in fruit and vegetable consumption; improved knowledge and attitudes about nutrition, gardening, and farming; and reduced sedentary behavior and BMI.
title: Imaging assessment of urogenital emergencies
Creators: name: Moffa, Angelo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Acute
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Cystography / Uretrography
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Emergency

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Diagnostic Imaging play an important role in the assessment of urogenital emergencies and is crucial for a rapid and effective management. We propose to: 1) Illustrate the causes of urogenital emergencies 2) Illustrate, for any emergency, different...
The Energy Spectrum of Cosmic Rays above 10$^{17.2}$ eV Measured by the Fluorescence Detectors of the Telescope Array Experiment in Seven Years
Creators: name: The Telescope Array Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Telescope Array (TA) experiment is the largest detector to observe ultra-high-energy cosmic rays in the northern hemisphere. The fluorescence detectors at southern two stations of TA are newly constructed and have now completed seven years of steady operation. One advantage of monocular analysis of the fluorescence detectors is a lower energy threshold for cosmic rays than that of other techniques like stereoscopic observations or coincidences with the surface detector array, allowing the measurement of an energy spectrum covering three orders of magnitude in energy. Analyzing data collected during those seven years, we report the energy spectrum of cosmic rays covering a broad range of energies above 10$^{17.2}$ eV measured by the fluorescence detectors and a comparison with previously published results.
description: Submitted to Astroparticle Physics
Serve Chicago Kids Better: Why Chicago’s Youth Deserve Healthier Restaurant Meals
Creators: name: Bernstein, Kathryn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: An advocacy (policy) brief in support of a proposed ordinance to improve the nutritional quality of restaurant meals sold as kids’ meals in the city of Chicago. Brief contents include: summary campaign document, childhood obesity background, restaurant meals background, policy options considered, policy recommendation, and next steps.
Assessing Change in Intervention Research: The Benefits of Composite Outcomes
Creators: name: Moreau, David
name: Wiebels, Kristina
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Health Psychology
subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Biological Psychology
subject: Quantitative Psychology
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: behavioral dynamics
subject: clinical trials
subject: composite
subject: constructs
subject: factor scores
subject: interventions
subject: latent variable
subject: measurement

description: Intervention research is often time- and resource-intensive, with numerous participants involved over extended periods of time. In order to maximize the value of intervention studies, multiple outcome measures are often included, either to ensure a diverse set of outcomes is being assessed or to refine assessments of specific outcomes. Here, we advocate for combining assessments, rather than relying on individual measures assessed separately, to better evaluate the effectiveness of interventions. Specifically, we argue that by pooling information from individual measures into a single outcome, composite scores can provide finer estimates of the underlying theoretical construct of interest, while retaining important properties more sophisticated methods often forego, such as transparency and interpretability. We describe different methods to compute, evaluate, and use composites, depending on the goals, design, and data. To promote usability, we also provide a preregistration template that includes examples in the context of psychological interventions, with supporting R code. Finally, we make a number of recommendations to help ensure that intervention studies are designed in a way that maximizes discoveries. A Shiny app and detailed R code accompany this paper, and are available at: https://osf.io/u96em/.
Constraints on Light Dark Matter from Single-Photon Decays of Heavy Quarkonium
Creators: name: Fernandez, Nicolas
name: Seong, Ilsoo
name: Stengel, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate constraints on the interactions of light dark matter with Standard Model quarks in a framework with effective contact operators mediating the decay of heavy flavor bound state quarkonium to dark matter and a photon. When considered in combination with decays to purely invisible final states, constraints from heavy quarkonium decays at high intensity electron-positron colliders can complement missing energy searches at high energy colliders and provide sensitivity to dark matter masses difficult to probe at direct and indirect detection experiments. We calculate the approximate limits on the branching fraction for $Υ(1 S)$ decays to dark matter and a photon. Given the approximate limits on the branching fractions for all dimension 6 or lower contact operators, we present the corresponding limits on the interaction strength for each operator and the inferred limits on dark matter-nucleon scattering. Complementary constraints on dark matter annihilation from gamma-ray searches from dwarf spheroidal galaxies are also considered.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures, version to appear in PRD
Within-Person Interrelations between Daily Communication and Relationship Satisfaction
Creators: name: Drewke, Pia
name: Johnson, Matthew
name: Mund, Marcus
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: communication
subject: diary study
subject: partner relationships
subject: relationship satisfaction

description: Online assessed diary data containing measures for daily communication and relationship satisfaction will be analyzed in a Multilevel Modeling Framework, answering following Research Questions: -Do communication in the partnership and relationship satisfaction covary at the within-person level on a daily basis? -Do lagged effects from day to day exist in the within-person association between communication and relationship satisfaction? -Which dyadic effects can be found between self- as well as partner-reported communication and self-reported relationship satisfaction? -Is the relationship between communication and relationship satisfaction dependent on the time spent together?
title: Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the management of prostate cancer: What the Radiologists need to know?
Creators: name: Deshpande, Sneha
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Cancer
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Pelvis
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the normal MR anatomy of the prostate gland. To learn the staging and treatment of the prostate malignancy with the imaging findings those decide the management issues. To elaborate on the MRI protocol that gives the optimal information...
Improved effective vector boson approximation revisited
Creators: name: Bernreuther, Werner
name: Chen, Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reexamine the improved effective vector boson approximation which is based on two-vector-boson luminosities $\mathrm{\mathbf{L}}_{\rm pol}$ for the computation of weak gauge-boson hard scattering subprocesses $V_1 V_2\to {\cal W}$ in high-energy hadron-hadron or $e^-e^+$ collisions. We calculate these luminosities for the nine combinations of the transverse and longitudinal polarizations of $V_1$ and $V_2$ in the unitary and axial gauge. For these two gauge choices the quality of this approach is investigated for the reactions $e^-e^+ \to W^- W^+ ν_e {\barν}_e$ and $e^-e^+ \to t {\bar t} ν_e {\barν}_e$ using appropriate phase-space cuts.
description: Two-vector-boson luminosities now computed also in axial gauge. One figure and references added. Version to appear in Physical Review D
Additional file 2 of Public service motivation, public sector preference and employment of Kenyan medical doctor interns: a cross-sectional and prospective study
Creators: name: Mbuthia, Daniel
name: Zhao, Yingxi
name: Gathara, David
name: Nicodemo, Catia
name: McGivern, Gerry
name: Nzinga, Jacinta
name: English, Mike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 2. Comparison of PSM scores between different career intentions.
title: Indications and Diagnostic Relevances of Abdominal Plain Film requests in an Emergency Department of a Teaching Hospital
Creators: name: Koo, Andrew
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Emergency
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Education and training
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Acute

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Introduction Junior doctors often requests plain abdominal films (AXR) for acute non-specific abdominal symptoms and signs. 1 The indication and diagnostic role of its use are not regularly audited which results in performing up to 450 plain...
Energy transfer in structured and unstructured environments: master equations beyond the Born-Markov approximations
Creators: name: Iles-Smith, Jake
name: Dijkstra, Arend G.
name: Lambert, Neill
name: Nazir, Ahsan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore excitonic energy transfer dynamics in a molecular dimer system coupled to both structured and unstructured oscillator environments. By extending the reaction coordinate master equation technique developed in [J. Iles-Smith, N. Lambert, and A. Nazir, Phys. Rev. A 90, 032114 (2014)], we go beyond the commonly used Born-Markov approximations to incorporate system-environment correlations and the resultant non-Markovian dynamical effects. We obtain energy transfer dynamics for both underdamped and overdamped oscillator environments that are in perfect agreement with the numerical hierarchical equations of motion over a wide range of parameters. Furthermore, we show that the Zusman equations, which may be obtained in a semiclassical limit of the reaction coordinate model, are often incapable of describing the correct dynamical behaviour. This demonstrates the necessity of properly accounting for quantum correlations generated between the system and its environment when the Born-Markov approximations no longer hold. Finally, we apply the reaction coordinate formalism to the case of a structured environment comprising of both underdamped (i.e. sharply peaked) and overdamped (broad) components simultaneously. We find that though an enhancement of the dimer energy transfer rate can be obtained when compared to an unstructured environment, its magnitude is rather sensitive to both the dimer-peak resonance conditions and the relative strengths of the underdamped and overdamped contributions.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures. v2 - close to published version
title: The role of HRCT in post-traumatic hypoxemia
Creators: name: Capannelli, Diana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT
subject: Trauma
subject: Lung
subject: Emergency

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The aim of this exhibit is to illustrate the role of pulmonary HRCT (High-Resolution Computed Tomography) in post-traumatic hypoxemia. The learning objectives are: describe the clinical presentation of the main pulmonary causes of respiratory...
Variational Integrators for Reduced Magnetohydrodynamics
Creators: name: Kraus, Michael
name: Tassi, Emanuele
name: Grasso, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Reduced magnetohydrodynamics is a simplified set of magnetohydrodynamics equations with applications to both fusion and astrophysical plasmas, possessing a noncanonical Hamiltonian structure and consequently a number of conserved functionals. We propose a new discretisation strategy for these equations based on a discrete variational principle applied to a formal Lagrangian. The resulting integrator preserves important quantities like the total energy, magnetic helicity and cross helicity exactly (up to machine precision). As the integrator is free of numerical resistivity, spurious reconnection along current sheets is absent in the ideal case. If effects of electron inertia are added, reconnection of magnetic field lines is allowed, although the resulting model still possesses a noncanonical Hamiltonian structure. After reviewing the conservation laws of the model equations, the adopted variational principle with the related conservation laws are described both at the continuous and discrete level. We verify the favourable properties of the variational integrator in particular with respect to the preservation of the invariants of the models under consideration and compare with results from the literature and those of a pseudo-spectral code.
description: 35 pages
Preconditioning of Human Neural Stem Cells with Metformin to Promote Post-Stroke Recovery
Creators: name: Ould-Brahim, Fares
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2018
Subjects: Stroke
Metformin
Neural
Pluripotent

description: The generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from human fibroblasts has revolutionized cell therapy by providing a source of autologous cells for transplantation. Several studies have demonstrated that transplantation of hiPSC-derived neural stem cells (hiPSC-NSCs) increases regeneration and recovery following stroke, supporting their therapeutic potential. However, major concerns for translating hiPSC transplantation therapy to the clinic are efficacy and safety. Therefore, there is demand to develop an optimal strategy to enhance the engraftment and regenerative capacity of transplanted hiPSC-NSCs. The recent published work shows that metformin, an FDA approved drug, is an optimal neuroregenerative agent that not only promotes the proliferation of neural stem cells but also enhances their neuronal differentiation. In this regard, we hypothesize that preconditioning of hiPSC-NSCs with metformin before transplantation into the stroke-damaged brain will improve engraftment and regenerative capabilities of hiPSC-NSCs, further enhancing cell-mediated functional recovery. Here we show that treatment of hiPSC-NSCs with metformin enhances the proliferation and differentiation of hiPSC-NSCs in culture even after withdrawal of metformin treatment, showing its promise as a novel preconditioning strategy. Furthermore, transplantation of preconditioned hiPSC-NSCs into a rat endothelin-1 ischemic stroke model showed an improved engraftment capability 1-week post-transplant. In addition, metformin preconditioned grafts survived longer compared to naïve grafts and were detectable at 8 weeks post-stroke. However, cell transplantation did not result in improve functional recovery when compared to sham group in this model. These studies represent a vital step in the optimization of hiPSC-NSC based transplantation to promote post-stroke recovery.
title: The capability of dual-energy CT virtual non-contrast images in detecting calcification on solitary pulmonary nodule: compared with true non-contrast images
Creators: name: Hui, Feng
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Toinvestigatetheclinicalutilityofdual-energyvirtualnon-contrastCT（VNCT）ofdualsourceCTinthediagnosisofsolitarypulmonarynodule(SPN).Analysis unenhanced images lesions, lung, aorta and calcified lymph nodes (including the number of...