cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Observations of Sy2 galaxy NGC 3281 by XMM-Newton and INTEGRAL satellites
Creators: name: Vasylenko, A. A.
name: Fedorova, E. V.
name: Zhdanov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here the results of our analysis of X-ray properties of Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 3281, based on the observational data obtained by XMM-Newton and INTEGRAL within the energy ranges 0.2-12 keV and 20-150 keV, respectively. The XMM-Newton spectrum of this object is presented for the first time. We show that fitting the X-ray spectrum of this galaxy with models based on the reflection from the disc with infinite column density yields non-physical results. More appropriate fit takes into account both transmitted and reflected emission, passed through a gas-dusty torus-like structure. Keeping this in mind, to model the inhomogeneous clumpy torus, we used the MYTorus model. Hence, we propose that the torus of NGC 3281 is not continuous structure, but it consists of separate clouds, which is in a good agreement with the results of near-IR observations. Using this assumption, we found that the torus inclination angle and the hydrogen column density are 66.98^{+2.63}_{-1.34} degrees and 2.08^{+0.35}_{-0.18}x10^{24} cm^{-2}, respectively. Also, the emission of the hot diffuse gas with temperature ~590 eV and warm absorption were detected.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in Advances in Astronomy and Space Physics
Best Practices for Postdoc Career Support in the Life Sciences: A Hands-On Guide for Research Institutions
Creators: name: EU-LIFE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Postdoctoral researchers in the life sciences are defined as holding a PhD and working on fixed-term contracts in academia without being group leaders. They are highly qualified scientists with a track record of overcoming obstacles in a self-driven and creative way. They have contributed to the furthering of scientific knowledge and have a multitude of career paths open to them.
Within academia, the transition from young researcher to independent group leader is a difficult process, and the number of available group leader positions is very limited compared to the number of excellent postdocs. Postdocs thus face several challenges including dealing with extremely competitive standards for application to independent positions and establishing a coherent network to support them in this stage of their career. For these reasons, postdoc periods have tended to become longer. As employers, we want to assist our postdocs during their transition and ensure that they build an outstanding track record and reliable network.
A uniformly accurate scheme for the numerical integration of penalized Langevin dynamics
Creators: name: Laurent, Adrien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H35, 70H45, 37M25

description: In molecular dynamics, penalized overdamped Langevin dynamics are used to model the motion of a set of particles that follow constraints up to a parameter $\varepsilon$. The most used schemes for simulating these dynamics are the Euler integrator in $\mathbb{R}^d$ and the constrained Euler integrator. Both have weak order one of accuracy, but work properly only in specific regimes depending on the size of the parameter $\varepsilon$. We propose in this paper a new consistent method with an accuracy independent of $\varepsilon$ for solving penalized dynamics on a manifold of any dimension. Moreover, this method converges to the constrained Euler scheme when $\varepsilon$ goes to zero. The numerical experiments confirm the theoretical findings, in the context of weak convergence and for the invariant measure, on a torus and on the orthogonal group in high dimension and high codimension.
description: 27 pages
Probing the energy conversion pathways between light, carriers and lattice in real time with attosecond core-level spectroscopy
Creators: name: Sidiropoulos, T. P. H.
name: Di Palo, N.
name: Rivas, D. E.
name: Severino, S.
name: Reduzzi, M.
name: Nandy, B.
name: Bauerhenne, B.
name: Krylow, S.
name: Vasileiadis, T.
name: Danz, T.
name: Elliott, P.
name: Sharma, S.
name: Dewhurst, K.
name: Ropers, C.
name: Joly, Y.
name: Garcia, K. M. E.
name: Wolf, M.
name: Ernstorfer, R.
name: Biegert, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detection of the energy conversion pathways, between photons, charge carriers, and the lattice is of fundamental importance to understand fundamental physics and to advance materials and devices. Yet, such insight remains incomplete due to experimental challenges in disentangling the various signatures on overlapping time scales. Here, we show that attosecond core-level X-ray spectroscopy can identify these interactions with attosecond precision and across a picosecond range. We demonstrate this methodology on graphite since its investigation is complicated by a variety of mechanisms occurring across a wide range of temporal scales. Our methodology reveals, through the simultaneous real-time detection of electrons and holes, the different dephasing mechanisms for each carrier type dependent on excitation with few-cycle-duration light fields. These results demonstrate the general ability of our methodology to detect and distinguish the various dynamic contributions to the flow of energy inside materials on their native time scales.
DIGIT survey of far-infrared lines from protoplanetary disks I
Creators: name: Fedele, D.
name: Bruderer, S.
name: van Dishoeck, E. F.
name: Carr, J.
name: Herczeg, G. J.
name: Salyk, C.
name: Evans, Neal J.
name: Bouwman, J.
name: Meeus, G.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Green, J.
name: Najita, J. R.
name: Guedel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [abridged] We present far-infrared spectroscopic observations of PMS stars taken with Herschel/PACS as part of the DIGIT key project. The sample includes 22 Herbig AeBe and 8 T Tauri sources. Multiple atomic fine structure and molecular lines are detected at the source position: [OI], [CII], CO, OH, H_2O, CH^+. The most common feature is the [OI] 63micron line detected in almost all of the sources followed by OH. In contrast with CO, OH is detected toward both Herbig AeBe groups (flared and non-flared sources). An isothermal LTE slab model fit to the OH lines indicates column densities of 10^13 < N_OH < 10^16 cm^-2, emitting radii 15 < r < 100 AU and excitation temperatures 100 < T_ex < 400 K. The OH emission thus comes from a warm layer in the disk at intermediate stellar distances. Warm H_2O emission is detected through multiple lines toward the T Tauri systems AS 205, DG Tau, S CrA and RNO 90 and three Herbig AeBe systems HD 104237, HD 142527, HD 163296 (through line stacking). Overall, Herbig AeBe sources have higher OH/H_2O abundance ratios across the disk than do T Tauri disks, from near- to far-infrared wavelengths. Far-infrared CH^+ emission is detected toward HD 100546 and HD 97048. The slab model suggests moderate excitation (T_ex ~ 100 K) and compact (r ~ 60 AU) emission in the case of HD 100546. The [CII] emission is spatially extended in all sources where the line is detected. This suggests that not all [CII] emission is associated with the disk and that there is a substantial contribution from diffuse material around the young stars. The flux ratios of the atomic fine structure lines are consistent with a disk origin for the oxygen lines for most of the sources.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Bounding $S(t)$ and $S_1(t)$ on the Riemann hypothesis
Creators: name: Carneiro, Emanuel
name: Chandee, Vorrapan
name: Milinovich, Micah B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M06, 11M26, 11M36, 41A30

description: Let $πS(t)$ denote the argument of the Riemann zeta-function, $ζ(s)$, at the point $s=\frac{1}{2}+it$. Assuming the Riemann hypothesis, we present two proofs of the bound $$ |S(t)| \leq \left(\tfrac{1}{4} + o(1) \right)\tfrac{\log t}{\log \log t} $$ for large $t$. This improves a result of Goldston and Gonek by a factor of 2. The first method consists in bounding the auxiliary function $S_1(t) = \int_0^{t} S(u) du$ using extremal functions constructed by Carneiro, Littmann and Vaaler. We then relate the size of $S(t)$ to the size of the functions $S_1(t\pm h)-S_1(t)$ when $h\asymp 1/\log\log t$. The alternative approach bounds $S(t)$ directly, relying on the solution of the Beurling-Selberg extremal problem for the odd function $f(x) = \arctan\left(\tfrac{1}{x}\right) - \tfrac{x}{1 + x^2}$. This draws upon recent work by Carneiro and Littmann.
Learning with Latent Representations of 3D Data: from Classical Methods to 3D Deep Learning
Creators: name: Wu, Chengzhi
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2020

description: 3D data contain rich information about the full geometry of objects or scenes. Learning tasks on them have always been considered as hard ones in the computer vision community due to their extreme high dimensionality. Hence, latent representations of 3D geometries are often used to lower the data dimensionality for better parameterization and easier computation. In this report, we make a brief review on those latent representations obtained via different methods including classical ones and the emerging neural learning-based ones. Furthermore, the nowadays widely used deep learning methods have also been more closely investigated regarding their applications on various 3D data formats. The possibility of combing those two kinds of methods has also been addressed.
License Plate Recognition (LPR): A Review with Experiments for Malaysia Case Study
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Nuzulha Khilwani
name: Kasmuri, Emaliana
name: Jalil, Norazira A
name: Norasikin, Mohd Adili
name: Salam, Sazilah
name: Nawawi, Mohamad Riduwan Md
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most vehicle license plate recognition use neural network techniques to enhance its computing capability. The image of the vehicle license plate is captured and processed to produce a textual output for further processing. This paper reviews image processing and neural network techniques applied at different stages which are preprocessing, filtering, feature extraction, segmentation and recognition in such way to remove the noise of the image, to enhance the image quality and to expedite the computing process by converting the characters in the image into respective text. An exemplar experiment has been done in MATLAB to show the basic process of the image processing especially for license plate in Malaysia case study. An algorithm is adapted into the solution for parking management system. The solution then is implemented as proof of concept to the algorithm.
A Structural and Bio chemical Insight into RAS Mediated Activation of S mall G Protein GEF
Creators: name: (MSc), Mishal Tariq
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Ras belongs to a family of small G-proteins and acts as a signalling hub, initiating multiple downstream pathways. These include MAPK, PI3K, PLC, and small GTPases, RalA/B in humans. Accumulating evidence suggests that RalA and RalB, and their activators, Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEFs), play an essential role in oncogenic Ras-induced signalling. This is also the case in fission yeast, where a constitutively-active RAS impacts little on the MAPK pathway but induces prolonged activation of a small G-protein Cdc42 through its GEF, Scd1 (Kelsall et al., 2019). Therefore, it is important to obtain more structural insights into the interaction between RAS and small G-protein GEFs, the less extensively studied Ras effectors. In this project, I first examined the interaction between fission yeast Ras, Ras1, and Scd, hoping to reveal a conserved feature of the interaction between Ras and small G-GEF in this highly tractable model organism. I next examined the interaction between human KRas and Rgl2, the most ubiquitously expressed RalGEF across different cell types and tissues (Catozzi et al., 2021). NMR analysis showed the interaction between oncogenic Ras1.G17V and Scd1, and oncogenic KRas.G12V and Rgl2-RBD, confirming that the Ras-mediated small G-protein GEF activation is a highly conserved cellular process. Strikingly, biolayer interferometry (BLI) assay revealed oncogenic V12 mutation increased KRas affinity to Ras binding domain (RBD) of Rgl2. Crystal structure of a 2:2 heterotetramer KRas.G12V:Rgl2-RBD complex revealed that the V12 oncogenic mutation resides at the KRas.G12V- KRas.G12V interface of the complex, providing a structural explanation for the complex stabilisation by the oncogenic G12V mutation. Finally, the heterotetramer formation was confirmed by the mass-photometry measurement. Collectively, the study reports a distinct Ras-effector interface, which can be exploited as a novel therapeutic target to disrupt the oncogenic activation of the RalA/B pathway.
title: Ein preißlied götlichs worts; [ca. 1530]
title: durch Exempel der Schrifft In dem Thon als man singet, So weiß ich eins das mich erfrewt, das pluemlein auff preyter Heyde
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Alberus, Erasmus
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Verf. ermittelt
On an elliptic extension of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation
Creators: name: Jennings, Paul
name: Nijhoff, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalisation of the Lattice Potential Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (LPKP) equation is presented, using the method of Direct Linearisation based on an elliptic Cauchy kernel. This yields a (3+1)-dimensional lattice system with one of the lattice shifts singled out. The integrability of the lattice system is considered, presenting a Lax representation and soliton solutions. An associated continuous system is also derived, yielding a (3+1)-dimensional generalisation of the potential KP equation associated with an elliptic curve.
description: 16 pages
Entire approximations for a class of truncated and odd functions
Creators: name: Carneiro, Emanuel
name: Littmann, Friedrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41A30, 41A52, 42A05, 41A05, 41A44

description: We solve the problem of finding optimal entire approximations of prescribed exponential type (unrestricted, majorant and minorant) for a class of truncated and odd functions with a shifted exponential subordination, minimizing the $L^1(\R)$-error. The class considered here includes new examples such as the truncated logarithm and truncated shifted power functions. This paper is the counterpart of the works of Carneiro and Vaaler (Some extremal functions in Fourier analysis, Part II in Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 362 (2010), 5803-5843; Part III in Constr. Approx. 31, No. 2 (2010), 259--288), where the analogous problem for even functions was treated.
description: 25 pages. To appear in J. Fourier Anal. Appl
On the Effect of Selfie Beautification Filters on Face Detection and Recognition
Creators: name: Hedman, Pontus
name: Skepetzis, Vasilios
name: Hernandez-Diaz, Kevin
name: Bigun, Josef
name: Alonso-Fernandez, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Beautification and augmented reality filters are very popular in applications that use selfie images captured with smartphones or personal devices. However, they can distort or modify biometric features, severely affecting the capability of recognizing individuals' identity or even detecting the face. Accordingly, we address the effect of such filters on the accuracy of automated face detection and recognition. The social media image filters studied either modify the image contrast or illumination or occlude parts of the face with for example artificial glasses or animal noses. We observe that the effect of some of these filters is harmful both to face detection and identity recognition, specially if they obfuscate the eye or (to a lesser extent) the nose. To counteract such effect, we develop a method to reconstruct the applied manipulation with a modified version of the U-NET segmentation network. This is observed to contribute to a better face detection and recognition accuracy. From a recognition perspective, we employ distance measures and trained machine learning algorithms applied to features extracted using a ResNet-34 network trained to recognize faces. We also evaluate if incorporating filtered images to the training set of machine learning approaches are beneficial for identity recognition. Our results show good recognition when filters do not occlude important landmarks, specially the eyes (identification accuracy >99%, EER<2%). The combined effect of the proposed approaches also allow to mitigate the effect produced by filters that occlude parts of the face, achieving an identification accuracy of >92% with the majority of perturbations evaluated, and an EER <8%. Although there is room for improvement, when neither U-NET reconstruction nor training with filtered images is applied, the accuracy with filters that severely occlude the eye is <72% (identification) and >12% (EER)
description: Published at Pattern Recognition Letters, 2022
Analysis Of Neighborhood Dynamics Of Forest Ecosystems Using Likelihood Methods And Modeling
Creators: name: Canham, Charles D.
name: Uriarte, Maria
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Advances in computing power in the past 20 years have led to a proliferation of spatially explicit, individual-based models of population and ecosystem dynamics. In forest ecosystems, the individual-based models encapsulate an emerging theory of “neighborhood” dynamics, in which fine-scale spatial interactions regulate the demography of component tree species. The spatial distribution of component species, in turn, regulates spatial variation in a whole host of community and ecosystem properties, with subsequent feedbacks on component species. The development of these models has been facilitated by development of new methods of analysis of field data, in which critical demographic rates and ecosystem processes are analyzed in terms of the spatial distributions of neighboring trees and physical environmental factors. The analyses are based on likelihood methods and information theory, and they allow a tight linkage between the models and explicit parameterization of the models from field data. Maximum likelihood methods have a long history of use for point and interval estimation in statistics. In contrast, likelihood principles have only more gradually emerged in ecology as the foundation for an alternative to traditional hypothesis testing. The alternative framework stresses the process of identifying and selecting among competing models, or in the simplest case, among competing point estimates of a parameter of a model. There are four general steps involved in a likelihood analysis: (1) model specification, (2) parameter estimation using maximum likelihood methods, (3) model comparison, and (4) model evaluation. Our goal in this paper is to review recent developments in the use of likelihood methods and modeling for the analysis of neighborhood processes in forest ecosystems. We will focus on a single class of processes, seed dispersal and seedling dispersion, because recent papers provide compelling evidence of the potential power of the approach, and illustrate some of the statistical challenges in applying the methods.
Azimuthal Angular Correlation as a Boosted Top Jet Substructure
Creators: name: Yu, Zhite
name: Yuan, C. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel jet substructure observable of boosted tops that is related to the linear polarization of the $W$ boson in boosted top quark decay, which results in a $\cos2ϕ$ angular correlation between the $t\to bW$ and $W\to f\bar{f'}$ decay planes. We discuss in detail the origin of such linear polarization by applying Wigner's little group transformation. We show that the unique $\cos2ϕ$ angular correlation only exists in the boosted regime but not in the top quark rest frame. We construct an experimental observable for such correlation based on the transverse energy deposition asymmetry in the top jet that does not require the reconstruction of $W$ decay products. The degree of this asymmetry can be used to measure the longitudinal polarization of the top quark, which is an important probe of new physics that couples to the top sector, and can discriminate a boosted top quark jet from its background events, such as QCD jets. A numerical simulation is also performed and found to agree well with the analytic prediction of the Standard Model.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Matches the journal accepted version in PRL
An encounter-based approach for restricted diffusion with a gradient drift
Creators: name: Grebenkov, Denis S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an encounter-based approach for describing restricted diffusion with a gradient drift towards a partially reactive boundary. For this purpose, we introduce an extension of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator and use its eigenbasis to derive a spectral decomposition for the full propagator, i.e., the joint probability density function for the particle position and its boundary local time. This is the central quantity that determines various characteristics of diffusion-influenced reactions such as conventional propagators, survival probability, first-passage time distribution, boundary local time distribution, and reaction rate. As an illustration, we investigate the impact of a constant drift onto the boundary local time for restricted diffusion on an interval. More generally, this approach accesses how external forces may influence the statistics of encounters of a diffusing particle with the reactive boundary.
Supervised Learning and Anti-learning of Colorectal Cancer Classes and Survival Rates from Cellular Biology Parameters
Creators: name: Roadknight, Chris
name: Aickelin, Uwe
name: Qiu, Guoping
name: Scholefield, John
name: Durrant, Lindy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we describe a dataset relating to cellular and physical conditions of patients who are operated upon to remove colorectal tumours. This data provides a unique insight into immunological status at the point of tumour removal, tumour classification and post-operative survival. Attempts are made to learn relationships between attributes (physical and immunological) and the resulting tumour stage and survival. Results for conventional machine learning approaches can be considered poor, especially for predicting tumour stages for the most important types of cancer. This poor performance is further investigated and compared with a synthetic, dataset based on the logical exclusive-OR function and it is shown that there is a significant level of 'anti-learning' present in all supervised methods used and this can be explained by the highly dimensional, complex and sparsely representative dataset. For predicting the stage of cancer from the immunological attributes, anti-learning approaches outperform a range of popular algorithms.
description: IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, pp 797-802, 2012
Monotone Cumulant-Moment Formula and Schröder Trees
Creators: name: Arizmendi, Octavio
name: Celestino, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a formula to express multivariate monotone cumulants of random variables in terms of their moments by using a Hopf algebra of decorated Schröder trees.
Theses Hasce De Matrimonio Contrahendo Et Dissolvendo; 1593
Creators: name: Althusius, Johannes
name: Hemessen, Wessel van
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Bibliogr. Nachweis: VD16 ZV 31956. - Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: M. D. LXXXXIII. - Burgsteinfurt erst Druckort ab 1597 (Theophil Caesar); vorher wurden Publikationen der Hohen Schule auswärts gedruckt (Hanau, Siegen, Lemgo, Köln vgl. Richter S. 27 Anm. 112)
The influence of $\mathfrak{F_{\mathrm s}}$-quasinormality of subgroups on the structure of finite groups
Creators: name: Yu, Xiaolong
name: Chen, Xiaoyu
name: Guo, Wenbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20D10, 20D15, 20D20

description: Let $\frak{F}$ be a class of finite groups. A subgroup $H$ of a finite group $G$ is said to be $\mathfrak{F_{\mathrm s}}$-quasinormal in $G$ if there exists a normal subgroup $T$ of $G$ such that $HT$ is $s$-permutable in $G$ and $(H\cap T)H_G/H_G$ is contained in the $\frak{F}$-hypercenter $Z_\infty^\mathfrak{F}(G/H_G)$ of $G/H_G$. In this paper, we investigate further the influence of $\mathfrak{F_{\mathrm s}}$-quasinormality of some subgroups on the structure of finite groups. New characterization of some classes of finite groups are obtained.
description: This is a revised version of the paper published in Publ. Math. Debrecen
A facile process for soak-and-peel delamination of CVD graphene from substrates using water
Creators: name: Gupta, Priti
name: Dongare, Pratiksha D.
name: Grover, Sameer
name: Dubey, Sudipta
name: Mamgain, Hitesh
name: Bhattacharya, Arnab
name: Deshmukh, Mandar M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a simple technique to transfer CVD-grown graphene from copper and platinum substrates using a soak-and-peel delamination technique utilizing only hot deionized water. The lack of chemical etchants results in cleaner CVD graphene films minimizing unintentional doping, as confirmed by Raman and electrical measurements. The process allows the reuse of substrates and hence can enable the use of oriented substrates for growth of higher quality graphene, and is an inherently inexpensive and scalable process for large-area production.
On the variation of maximal operators of convolution type
Creators: name: Carneiro, Emanuel
name: Svaiter, Benar F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B25, 46E35, 35K08

description: In this paper we study the regularity properties of two maximal operators of convolution type: the heat flow maximal operator (associated to the Gauss kernel) and the Poisson maximal operator (associated to the Poisson kernel). In dimension $d=1$ we prove that these maximal operators do not increase the $L^p$-variation of a function for any $p \geq 1$, while in dimensions $d>1$ we obtain the corresponding results for the $L^2$-variation. Similar results are proved for the discrete versions of these operators.
title: A comparative analysis of the customs laws and practices of the Gulf Cooperation Council and the European Union
Creators: name: Hussain, Fathi A.M.
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: European Union, Gulf Cooperation Council, customs union laws, dispute settlement mechanisms, legal personality, bilateral and multilateral agreements conflict.

description: Since the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) came into existence in 1948 (then later formed the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in 1994 at a conference of 123 countries), many economic blocs in the world have been established and it is the aspiration of many States to participate in a regional integration for a variety of different reasons such as language, religion, geography and increasing trade. One of the best examples of wide-ranging and advanced economic integration is the European Union (EU) which has established a Customs Union as well as an Internal Market. An advanced stage of Monetary Union (a Single Currency) has been adopted in the majority of its Member States. Of the many other examples of economic integration regulated by GATT, the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) may be considered as the best example of advanced regional integration in the Arab world as it has set up a Customs Union, a Common Market and there is a Monetary Union agreement among the majority of its Member States. On the basis of the foregoing, the thesis is a comparative analysis of the customs laws and practices of the GCC and of the EU. The comparison focuses on the nature and extent of the competences of the functionally equivalent institutions of these two organisations in relation to the implementation of the customs union and how and to what extent they are exercised – in order to evaluate the GCC system in particular and to suggest potential improvements. The thesis also explores the main obstacles that have faced the full implementation of the GCC customs union, including non-compliance by some of the GCC Member States with the agreed common commercial policy, with a view to providing suggestions and possible solutions for these obstacles. The thesis analyses whether the GCC has explicit or implicit international legal personality to act on behalf of its Member States at international level on issues related to the common commercial policy – as compared with the legal situation of the EU, pre- and post-Lisbon Treaty, by examining negotiation of the agreement between the GCC and the EU. The thesis also discusses the rules of international law related to conflict between treaties, in particular the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969, in order to provide possible solutions for third party agreements which may conflict with GCC law.
Measurement of teamwork and predictors of intention to leave in mental health teams
Creators: name: Hogan, Aimee
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2023

description: The wellbeing of healthcare staff and the functioning of healthcare teams is vital to the delivery of effective, safe, and high quality care in mental health services. Section one reports a quantitative systematic literature review evaluating the characteristics and psychometric properties of instruments that measure teamwork in mental health teams. The review also appraised the methodological quality of each included paper. A systematic search of six databases was conducted, resulting in fifteen studies evaluating thirteen measures of teamwork being included in the review. Differences were found in, the domains of teamwork measured, the mental health setting the instruments were tested in, and in the psychometric robustness and methodological quality of the instruments. The conclusion of the review was that none of the studies reported on all nine psychometric properties, highlighting a lack of evidence for psychometrically sound measures of teamwork in mental health teams. Hence, it is recommended that further research should examine the reliability and validity of instruments included in the review. Section two describes an empirical study investigating Compassion Satisfaction, Compassion Fatigue, and Psychological Safety as predictors of Intention to Leave in NHS inpatient mental health staff. This was a cross-sectional study, with participants (n = 179) completing an online survey. Binary logistic regression analysis found that Compassion Satisfaction, Compassion Fatigue, and Psychological Safety were all significant predictors of Intention to Leave. Mostly moderate levels of Compassion Satisfaction and Compassion Fatigue were reported in the sample. The results suggest that Intention to Leave may be improved by focusing on interventions that enhance Compassion Satisfaction and Psychological Safety, and reduce Compassion Fatigue.
Distribution of first-reaction times with target regions on boundaries of shell-like domains
Creators: name: Grebenkov, Denis S.
name: Metzler, Ralf
name: Oshanin, Gleb
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the probability density function (PDF) of the first-reaction times between a diffusive ligand and a membrane-bound, immobile imperfect target region in a restricted "onion-shell" geometry bounded by two nested membranes of arbitrary shapes. For such a setting, encountered in diverse molecular signal transduction pathways or in the narrow escape problem with additional steric constraints, we derive an exact spectral form of the PDF, as well as present its approximate form calculated by help of the so-called self-consistent approximation. For a particular case when the nested domains are concentric spheres, we get a fully explicit form of the approximated PDF, assess the accuracy of this approximation, and discuss various facets of the obtained distributions. Our results can be straightforwardly applied to describe the PDF of the terminal reaction event in multi-stage signal transduction processes.
Transition electromagnetic form factor in the Minkowski space Bethe-Salpeter approach
Creators: name: Carbonell, J.
name: Karmanov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the solutions of the Bethe-Salpeter equation in Minkowski space for bound and scattering states found in previous works, we calculate the transition electromagnetic form factor describing the electro-disintegration of a bound system.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Presented at the 22nd European Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics, 9-13 September, 2013, Cracow, Poland. Submitted in Few-Body Systems
Fabrication of steep slope carbon nanotube transistors on novel multi-gate substrates
Creators: name: Gumprich, Alexander
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Steep slope transistors
subject: TEFT
subject: EF-FET
subject: Carbon nanotubes
subject: Graphene
subject: 620
subject: Transistor
subject: T-FET
subject: MOS-FET
subject: Kohlenstoff-Nanoröhre
subject: Graphen

description: The need for highly integrated low-power transistors has rapidly increased over the last decades. The very effective downscaling and optimization of metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) have initiated the advanced technological environment of today. However, the physical limitations of those devices are restricting its further development to a certain point which has already been reached or will be in the very near future. The thesis focuses on steep slope transistor technology, designated to potentially replace MOSFET architectures. The work includes the design and fabrication of a so-called buried triple gate platform (BTG), integrating three graphene/metal gates to implement individually adjustable electrostatic doping profiles. The wafer-scaled manufacturing process involves optical lithography, physical and chemical vapor deposition techniques, reactive ion etching and wet etching structuring procedures. With the deposition of carbon nanotubes and the subsequent connection to source and drain terminals, Tunnel-FET devices are fabricated to demonstrate the feasibility of the architecture. Moreover, similar devices called energy filtering FETs are manufactured using an existing buried multi gate platform (BMG). Providing 17 mutually insulated and individually addressable gates, the platform enables the generation of periodic potential barriers creating a so-called superlattice. The emerging miniband allows for tunneling at low energies while preventing hot electron injection from the Boltzmann tail, hence the term energy filtering FET. The final fabrication of the transistors is carried out by high-resolution electron-beam lithography on either platform. Subsequent static electrical measurements demonstrate transistor characteristics and the working principle of the architectures for electrostatic doping of low- dimensional materials. Both platforms are universal and can be used for application and analysis of electrostatic doping of various 1D and 2D materials. The achieved results in this work can be considered to be a successful validation of the concept for steep slope transistor devices with the potential to obtain a central role in future low-power applications.
Sparse Representations for Packetized Predictive Networked Control
Creators: name: Nagahara, Masaaki
name: Quevedo, Daniel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate a networked control architecture for LTI plant models with a scalar input. Communication from controller to actuator is over an unreliable network which introduces packet dropouts. To achieve robustness against dropouts, we adopt a packetized predictive control paradigm wherein each control packet transmitted contains tentative future plant input values. The novelty of our approach is that we seek that the control packets transmitted be sparse. For that purpose, we adapt tools from the area of compressed sensing and propose to design the control packets via on-line minimization of a suitable L1/L2 cost function. We then show how to choose parameters of the cost function to ensure that the resultant closed loop system be practically stable, provided the maximum number of consecutive packet dropouts is bounded. A numerical example illustrates that sparsity reduces bit-rates, thereby making our proposal suited to control over unreliable and bit-rate limited networks.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1307.8242
Process Simulation: Zinc and Cadmium production, Lead refining
Creators: name: Bartie, Neill Jacques
name: Heibeck, Magdalena
Publisher: name: Rodare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Process Simulation; Metal production; Zinc; Cadmium; Lead; Copper; Cobalt; Jarosite

description: A process simulation model for the production and purification of Zinc via the Roast-Leach-Electrowinning (RLE) process and the subsequent production of its byproduct, Cadmium. It also includes a process for the precipitation of jarosite, and produces residues that can be further processed for the production of Copper and Cobalt. The refining of crude Lead (Pb) bullion is included as a separate stand-alone section. The simulation was created using flowsheet configurations and operating parameters available in the public domain. Feed and product stream compositions are therefore metallurgically sound and representative of industrial operations that use the processes modelled. The simulation remains an abstraction of reality, however, and should be verified and adopted to the specific operation under consideration. The model was developed using the HSC Sim Flowsheet Module in HSC Chemistry 10 (version 10.0.0.5). (https://www.outotec.com/products-and-services/technologies/digital-solutions/hsc-chemistry/) Note: The authors do not accept responsibility for any errors. The onus is on the user to verify and validate results against the system being investigated, as system configurations and operating parameters differ from site to site.
title: Παραγωγή οίνου από ακτινίδια
title: Wine production from kiwi
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Λεμονής, Κυριάκος
name: Κοντοδήμος, Παναγιώτης
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ακτινίδιο
Κρασί
Οινοποίηση

description: Θέμα της παρούσας πτυχιακής εργασίας είναι η παραγωγή κρασιών από ακτινίδια. Τα ακτινίδια είναι μία καλλιέργεια που ξεκίνησε από τον Κίνα και εξαπλώθηκε σε πολλές χώρες. Στον ελληνικό χώρο, η καλλιέργεια ακτινιδίων ξεκίνησε στις αρχές της δεκαετίας του 1970, αλλά σήμερα το ελληνικό ακτινίδιο έχει κατακτήσει την παγκόσμια αγορά. Μία από τις πιο γνωστές ποικιλίες είναι το Actinidia deliciosa, το οποίο, σύμφωνα με τα υπάρχοντα επιστημονικά δεδομένα, είναι τρόφιμο με ευεργετική επίδραση στην ανθρώπινη υγεία, καθώς παρουσιάζει αντιοξειδωτικές, αντιφλεγμονώδεις, νευροπροστατευτικές και αντικαρκινικές ιδιότητες. Είναι πλούσιο σε βιταμίνη C, οργανικά οξέα, φυτικές ίνες, ιχνοστοιχεία. Ο χυμός του έχει χρησιμοποιηθεί για την παραγωγή κρασιού από ακτινίδια. Πρόκειται για ένα κρασί με ιδιότυπο οργανοληπτικό χαρακτήρα, το οποίο ξεκίνησε από τη Νέα Ζηλανδία, αλλά κερδίζει συνεχώς την αποδοχή όλο και περισσότερο καταναλωτών σε παγκόσμιο επίπεδο. Για την παραγωγή του κρασιού από ακτινίδια χρησιμοποιούνται οι αρχές της λευκής οινοποίησης, κατάλληλα προσαρμοσμένες, λόγω της χαμηλής απόδοσης σε γλεύκος, της ενδεχόμενης σακχαροπεριεκτικότητας, της υψηλής οξύτητας και της υψηλής συγκέντρωσης φαινολών. Στην πειραματική διαδικασία που εφαρμόστηκε στην παρούσα πτυχιακή, πραγματοποιήθηκε οινοποίηση ελληνικών ακτινιδίων. Πραγματοποιήθηκαν διάφορες αναλύσεις κατά τη γλευκοποίηση και την προζυμωτική απολάσπωση, κατά τη διάρκεια της αλκοολικής ζύμωσης αλλά και στο τελικό προϊόν.
Reference-guided Pseudo-Label Generation for Medical Semantic Segmentation
Creators: name: Seibold, Constantin
name: Reiß, Simon
name: Kleesiek, Jens
name: Stiefelhagen, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5.4
subject: 68T07, 68T45

description: Producing densely annotated data is a difficult and tedious task for medical imaging applications. To address this problem, we propose a novel approach to generate supervision for semi-supervised semantic segmentation. We argue that visually similar regions between labeled and unlabeled images likely contain the same semantics and therefore should share their label. Following this thought, we use a small number of labeled images as reference material and match pixels in an unlabeled image to the semantics of the best fitting pixel in a reference set. This way, we avoid pitfalls such as confirmation bias, common in purely prediction-based pseudo-labeling. Since our method does not require any architectural changes or accompanying networks, one can easily insert it into existing frameworks. We achieve the same performance as a standard fully supervised model on X-ray anatomy segmentation, albeit 95% fewer labeled images. Aside from an in-depth analysis of different aspects of our proposed method, we further demonstrate the effectiveness of our reference-guided learning paradigm by comparing our approach against existing methods for retinal fluid segmentation with competitive performance as we improve upon recent work by up to 15% mean IoU.
description: 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 2022
Spectral Curve Fitting for Automatic Hyperspectral Data Analysis
Creators: name: Brown, Adrian J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Automatic discovery and curve fitting of absorption bands in hyperspectral data can enable the analyst to identify materials present in a scene by comparison with library spectra. This procedure is common in laboratory spectra, but is challenging for sparse hyperspectral data. A procedure for robust discovery of overlapping bands in hyperspectral data is described in this paper. The method is capable of automatically discovering and fitting symmetric absorption bands, can separate overlapping absorption bands in a stable manner, and has relatively low sensitivity to noise. A comparison with techniques already available in the literature is presented using simulated spectra. An application is demonstrated utilizing the shortwave infrared (2.0-2.5 micron or 5000-4000 cm-1) region. A small hyperspectral scene is processed to demonstrate the ability of the method to detect small shifts in absorption wavelength caused by varying white mica chemistry in a natural setting.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures, 6 tables
Ab initio predictions link the neutron skin of ${}^{208}$Pb to nuclear forces
Creators: name: Hu, Baishan
name: Jiang, Weiguang
name: Miyagi, Takayuki
name: Sun, Zhonghao
name: Ekström, Andreas
name: Forssén, Christian
name: Hagen, Gaute
name: Holt, Jason D.
name: Papenbrock, Thomas
name: Stroberg, S. Ragnar
name: Vernon, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy atomic nuclei have an excess of neutrons over protons, which leads to the formation of a neutron skin whose thickness is sensitive to details of the nuclear force. This links atomic nuclei to properties of neutron stars, thereby relating objects that differ in size by orders of magnitude. The nucleus ${}^{208}$Pb is of particular interest because it exhibits a simple structure and is experimentally accessible. However, computing such a heavy nucleus has been out of reach for ab initio theory. By combining advances in quantum many-body methods, statistical tools, and emulator technology, we make quantitative predictions for the properties of ${}^{208}$Pb starting from nuclear forces that are consistent with symmetries of low-energy quantum chromodynamics. We explore $10^9$ different nuclear-force parameterisations via history matching, confront them with data in select light nuclei, and arrive at an importance-weighted ensemble of interactions. We accurately reproduce bulk properties of ${}^{208}$Pb and determine the neutron skin thickness, which is smaller and more precise than a recent extraction from parity-violating electron scattering but in agreement with other experimental probes. This work demonstrates how realistic two- and three-nucleon forces act in a heavy nucleus and allows us to make quantitative predictions across the nuclear landscape.
description: Published in Nature Physics. 21 pages including Methods and Extended data sections, 3 figures in the main text plus 10 extended data display items. Source data is included as ancillary files