cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Modelling of Streamwise Velocity Profile in Open Channels Using Tsallis Entropy
Creators: name: Kumbhakar, Manotosh
name: Ray, Rajendra K.
name: Chakraborty, Suvra Kanti
name: Ghoshal, Koeli
name: Singh, Vijay P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study derived the vertical distribution of streamwise velocity in wide open channels by maximizing Tsallis entropy, in accordance with the maximum entropy principle, subject to the total probability rule and the conservation of mass, momentum, and energy. Entropy maximizing leads to a highly nonlinear differential equation for velocity which was transformed into a relatively weaker nonlinear equation and then solved analytically using a non-perturbation approach that yielded a series solution. The convergence of the series solution was proved using both theoretical and numerical procedures. For the assessment of velocity profile, the Lagrange multipliers and the entropy index were obtained by solving a system of nonlinear equations by Gauss-Newton method after approximating the constraint integrals using Gauss-Legendre quadrature rule. The derived velocity profile was validated for some selected sets of experimental and field data and also compared with the existing velocity profile based on Tsallis entropy. The incorporation of the above constraints and the effect of entropy index were found to improve the velocity profile for experimental as well as field data. The methodology reported in this study can also be employed for addressing other open channel flow problems, such as sediment concentration and shear stress distribution.
description: 19 pages
Role of Escherichia coli in Biofuel Production
Creators: name: Veerendra Koppolu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biological Engineering

description: Increased energy consumption coupled with depleting petroleum reserves and increased greenhouse gas emissions have renewed ourinterest in generating fuels from renewable energy sources via microbial fermentation. Central to this problem is the choice of microorganism that catalyzesthe production of fuels at high volumetric productivity and yield from cheap and abundantly available renewable energy sources. Microorganismsthat are metabolically engineered to redirect renewable carbon sources into desired fuel products are contemplated as best choices to obtain high volumetricproductivity and yield. Considering the availability of vast knowledge in genomic and metabolic fronts, Escherichia coli is regarded as a primarychoice for the production of biofuels. Here, we reviewed the microbial production of liquid biofuels that have the potential to be used either alone or incombination with the present-day fuels. We specifically highlighted the metabolic engineering and synthetic biology approaches used to improve theproduction of biofuels from E. coli over the past few years. We also discussed the challenges that still exist for the biofuel production from E. coli and theirpossible solutions.
Planar Matrices and Arrays of Feynman Diagrams
Creators: name: Cachazo, Freddy
name: Guevara, Alfredo
name: Umbert, Bruno
name: Zhang, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Very recently planar collections of Feynman diagrams were proposed by Borges and one of the authors as the natural generalization of Feynman diagrams for the computation of $k=3$ biadjoint amplitudes. Planar collections are one-dimensional arrays of metric trees satisfying an induced planarity and compatibility condition. In this work we introduce planar matrices of Feynman diagrams as the objects that compute $k=4$ biadjoint amplitudes. These are symmetric matrices of metric trees satisfying compatibility conditions. We introduce two notions of combinatorial bootstrap techniques for finding collections from Feynman diagrams and matrices from collections. As applications of the first, we find all $693$, $13\,612$, and $346\,710$ collections for $(k,n)=(3,7), (3,8),$ and $(3,9)$ respectively. As applications of the second kind, we find all $90\, 608$ and $30\,659\,424$ planar matrices that compute $(k,n)=(4,8)$ and $(4,9)$ biadjoint amplitudes respectively. As an example of the evaluation of matrices of Feynman diagrams, we present the complete form of the $(4,8)$ and $(4,9)$ biadjoint amplitudes. We also start the study of higher dimensional arrays of Feynman diagrams, including the combinatorial version of the duality between $(k,n)$ and $(n-k,n)$ objects.
description: v3: 31 pages, 9 figures, references added, missing ancillary files in Dropbox link recovered
Splošni načrti ravnanja z raziskovalnimi podatki – Obzorje 2020 in Science Europe
Creators: name: Vipavc Brvar, Irena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Data Management Plan
Načrt ravnanja z raziskovalnimi podatki

description: Predstavitev Načrtov ravnanja z raziskovalnimi podatki, kot jih priporočata okvirni program EU Obzorje 2020 in združenje Science Europe, na delavnici RDA vozlišča Slovenija 11. marca 2020.
CTLA-4 Antibodies in Cancer Immunotherapy
Creators: name: Veerendra Koppolu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Activating human immune system to battle cancer has been a focus of cancer immunotherapy research from quite some time. After decades of disappointment, the tide has finally changed with some recent successes in clinical trials. The first such approach with clinical success is cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) antibody therapy which aims to relieve the immune suppressive effects of CTLA-4 on T cells which are specifically aimed to fight cancer. CTLA-4 antibody therapy has enhanced the survival of patients suffering from late stage refractory metastatic melanoma. The success of CTLA-4 antibody therapy has cemented cancer immunotherapy potential in patients and even swayed away skeptics.
Systematic two-scale image analysis of extreme deformations in soft architectured sheets
Creators: name: Agnelli, Filippo
name: Margerit, Pierre
name: Celli, Paolo
name: Daraio, Chiara
name: Constantinescu, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multi-scale nature of architectured materials raises the need for advanced experimental methods suitable for the identification of their effective properties, especially when their size is finite and they undergo extreme deformations. The present work demonstrates that state-of-the art image processing methods combined with numerical and analytical models provide a comprehensive quantitative description of these solids and their global behaviour, including the influence of the boundary conditions, of the manufacturing process, and of geometric and constitutive non-linearities. To this end, an adapted multi-scale digital image correlation analysis is used to track both elongations and rotations of particular features of the unit cell at the local and global (homogenized) scale of the material. This permits to observe with unprecedented clarity the strains for various unit cells in the structure and to detect global deformation patterns and heterogeneities of the homogenized strain distribution. This method is here demonstrated on elastic sheets undergoing extreme longitudinal and shear deformations. These experimental results are compared to non-linear finite element simulations, which are also used to evaluate the effects of manufacturing imperfections on the response. A skeletal representation of the architectured solid is then extracted from the experiments and used to create a purely-kinematic truss-hinge model that can accurately capture its behaviour. The analysis proposed in this work can be extended to guide the design of two-dimensional architectured solids featuring other regular, quasi-regular or graded patterns, and subjected to other types of loads.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Seer: Predictive Runtime Kernel Selection for Irregular Problems
Creators: name: Swann, Ryan
name: Osama, Muhammad
name: Sangaiah, Karthik
name: Mahmud, Jalal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern GPUs are designed for regular problems and suffer from load imbalance when processing irregular data. Prior to our work, a domain expert selects the best kernel to map fine-grained irregular parallelism to a GPU. We instead propose Seer, an abstraction for producing a simple, reproduceable, and understandable decision tree selector model which performs runtime kernel selection for irregular workloads. To showcase our framework, we conduct a case study in Sparse Matrix Vector Multiplication (SpMV), in which Seer predicts the best strategy for a given dataset with an improvement of 2$\times$ over the best single iteration kernel across the entire SuiteSparse Matrix Collection dataset.
Uncertainty quantification in the Henry problem using the multilevel Monte Carlo method
Creators: name: Logashenko, Dmitry
name: Litvinenko, Alexander
name: Tempone, Raul
name: Vasilyeva, Ekaterina
name: Wittum, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.1.3; G.1.8; G.1.10; I.6.5
subject: 65M55, 65M06, 65M22, 65M50

description: We investigate the applicability of the well-known multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) method to the class of density-driven flow problems, in particular the problem of salinisation of coastal aquifers. As a test case, we solve the uncertain Henry saltwater intrusion problem. Unknown porosity, permeability and recharge parameters are modelled by using random fields. The classical deterministic Henry problem is non-linear and time-dependent, and can easily take several hours of computing time. Uncertain settings require the solution of multiple realisations of the deterministic problem, and the total computational cost increases drastically. Instead of computing of hundreds random realisations, typically the mean value and the variance are computed. The standard methods such as the Monte Carlo or surrogate-based methods is a good choice, but they compute all stochastic realisations on the same, often, very fine mesh. They also do not balance the stochastic and discretisation errors. These facts motivated us to apply the MLMC method. We demonstrate that by solving the Henry problem on multi-level spatial and temporal meshes, the MLMC method reduces the overall computational and storage costs. To reduce the computing cost further, parallelization is performed in both physical and stochastic spaces. To solve each deterministic scenario, we run the parallel multigrid solver ug4 in a black-box fashion.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2302.07804
Influence of a Minimum-Length Limit Regulation on Wild Brown Trout: an Example of Recruitment and Growth Overfishing
Creators: name: Sánchez-Hernández, Javier
name: Shaw, Stephanie L.
name: Cobo, Fernando
name: Allen, Mike S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The relative abundance of the largest size-classes of individuals within a fish population has an important influence on recruitment success. Fishing regulations with a basis in size (e.g., minimum-length limits) can directly impact the abundance of these larger individuals and thus potentially influence recruitment. We analyzed whether recruitment of exploited native Brown Trout Salmo trutta populations was affected via the extraction of large individuals (>220 mm, i.e., minimum-length limit). The study was replicated temporally (2007–2009) and spatially across seven recreational fishing sections (four exploited and three catch-and-release sections) within the River Tormes located in central Spain. Catch-and-release sections were used as reference points to compare with exploited sections. We tested the hypothesis that minimum-length limit regulations would adversely affect fish recruitment through fishing-induced mortality of large individuals. Spawning stock (measured as fish >220 mm) and young-of-the-year abundances were estimated using multiple-pass depletion methods. We modeled the relationship between spawning stock and subsequent recruitment using a nonparametric approach (generalized additive models) to fit the best stock–recruit relationship. Additionally, von Bertalanffy growth and yield-per-recruit models were generated to evaluate the potential for growth and recruitment overfishing. The restrictive length limits used to regulate harvest in the study area limited both recruitment and adult abundance. The present study provides evidence that the use of minimum-length limit regulations in the management of recreational fisheries has the potential to adversely affect the species’ recruitment. Such adverse impacts could be occurring via both recruitment overfishing and growth overfishing, exemplifying that the removal of the larger size-classes of individuals through recreational fishing could have important consequences for recruitment. Management actions should be directed to protect large individuals (e.g., via harvest slots) rather than promote their removal, thereby reducing the chances of overfishing. Received November 25, 2015; accepted April 18, 2016Published online August 24, 2016
Determination of black holes by boundary measurements
Creators: name: Eskin, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a wave equation with time-independent Lorentzian metric consider an initial-boundary value problem in $\mathbb{R}\times Ω$, where $x_0\in \mathbb{R}$, is the time variable and $Ω$ is a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^n$. Let $Γ\subset\partialΩ$ be a subdomain of $\partialΩ$. We say that the boundary measurements are given on $\mathbb{R}\timesΓ$ if we know the Dirichlet and Neumann data on $\mathbb{R}\times Γ$. The inverse boundary value problem consists of recovery of the metric from the boundary data. In author's previous works a localized variant of the boundary control method was developed that allows the recovery of the metric locally in a neighborhood of any point of $Ω$ where the spatial part of the wave operator is elliptic. This allow the recovery of the metric in the exterior of the ergoregion. Our goal is to recover the black hole. In some cases the ergoregion coincides with the black hole. In the case of two space dimensions we recover the black hole inside the ergoregion assuming that the ergosphere, i.e. the boundary of the ergoregion, is not characteristic at any point of the ergosphere.
Shape-shifting panel from 3d-printed undulated ribbon lattice
Creators: name: Agnelli, Filippo
name: Tricarico, Michele
name: Constantinescu, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Materials that change their shape in response to external stimuli opens up new prospects for efficient and versatile design and shaping of three-dimensional objects. Here, we present a novel class of micro-structures exhibiting an extension-bending coupling (EBC) effect, that can be harnessed as an elementary building block for shape-shifting panels. They are built with a single material as a network of undulated ribbons. The deformations mechanisms of both single and connected undulated ribbons are analysed using the finite element method to explain the main features of the EBC mechanism. For a particular micro-structure of the proposed class, the complete elastic stiffness tensor is computed combining two-scale homogenization with Kirchhoff-Love plate theory. The range of achievable EBC ratio is then assessed with respect to the geometric parameters of the unit cell. Patterned specimens are manufactured using a commercial FFF Ultimaker 3-d printer and are mechanically tested at finite strain up to 20%. The displacement measured by point tracking match the predictions from the finite element simulations and indicate that the structure maintain its properties at finite strain. Moreover, a tensile test load with point-like boundary is proposed to highlight exceptional out of plane displacement. We envision these structures to be leveraged in combination with responsive materials for the actuation of soft robots, compliant systems and reconfigurable structures, as alternatives to external mechanical motors, control systems and power devices.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, 2 appendices
Finitely generated dyadic convex sets
Creators: name: Matczak, K.
name: Mućka, A.
name: Romanowska, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20N02, 08A05, 52B11, 52A01

description: Dyadic rationals are rationals whose denominator is a power of $2$. We define dyadic $n$-dimensional convex sets as the intersections with $n$-dimensional dyadic space of an $n$-dimensional real convex set. Such a dyadic convex set is said to be a dyadic $n$-dimensional polytope if the real convex set is a polytope whose vertices lie in the dyadic space. Dyadic convex sets are described as subreducts (subalgebras of reducts) of certain faithful affine spaces over the ring of dyadic numbers, or equivalently as commutative, entropic and idempotent groupoids under the binary operation of arithmetic mean.
 The paper contains two main results. First, it is proved that, while all dyadic polytopes are finitely generated, only dyadic simplices are generated by their vertices. This answers a question formulated in an earlier paper. Then, a characterization of finitely generated subgroupoids of dyadic convex sets is provided, and it is shown how to use the characterization to determine the minimal number of generators of certain convex subsets of the dyadic plane.
The Agile Coach Role: Coaching for Agile Performance Impact
Creators: name: Stray, Viktoria
name: Tkalich, Anastasiia
name: Moe, Nils Brede
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is increasingly common to introduce agile coaches to help gain speed and advantage in agile companies. Following the success of Spotify, the role of the agile coach has branched out in terms of tasks and responsibilities, but little research has been conducted to examine how this role is practiced. This paper examines the role of the agile coach through 19 semistructured interviews with agile coaches from ten different companies. We describe the role in terms of the tasks the coach has in agile projects, valuable traits, skills, tools, and the enablers of agile coaching. Our findings indicate that agile coaches perform at the team and organizational levels. They affect effort, strategies, knowledge, and skills of the agile teams. The most essential traits of an agile coach are being emphatic, people-oriented, able to listen, diplomatic, and persistent. We suggest empirically based advice for agile coaching, for example companies giving their agile coaches the authority to implement the required organizational changes within and outside the teams.
description: 10 pages
Concentration of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners in the muscle of Clarias gariepinus and sediment from inland rivers of southwestern Nigeria and estimated potential human health consequences
Creators: name: Adeogun, Aina O.
name: Azubuike V. Chukwuka
name: Chukwunonso P. Okoli
name: Arukwe, Augustine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: The distributions of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners were determined in sediment and muscle of the African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) from the Ogun and Ona rivers, southwest Nigeria. In addition, the effect of PCB congeners on condition factor (CF) and associated human health risk was assessed using muscle levels for a noncarcinogenic hazard quotient (HQ) calculation. Elevated concentrations of high-molecular-weight (HMW) PCB congeners were detected in sediment and fish downstream of discharge points of both rivers. A significant reduction in fish body weight and CF was observed to correlate with high PCB congener concentrations in the Ona River. A principal component (PC) biplot revealed significant site-related PCB congener distribution patterns for HMW PCB in samples from the Ogun River (71.3%), while the Ona River (42.6%) showed significant PCB congener patterns for low-molecular-weight (LMW) congeners. Biota-sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) was higher downstream for both rivers, presenting PCB congener-specific accumulation patterns in the Ona River. Significant decreases in fish body weight, length and CF were observed downstream compared to upstream in the Ona River. The non-carcinogenic HQ of dioxin-like congener 189 downstream in both rivers exceeded the HQ = 1 threshold for children and adults for both the Ogun and Ona rivers. Overall, our results suggest that industrial discharges contribute significantly to PCB inputs into these rivers, with potential for significant health implications for neighboring communities that utilize these rivers for fishing and other domestic purposes.
Birational automorphism groups and the movable cone theorem for Calabi-Yau complete intersections of products of projective spaces
Creators: name: Yáñez, José Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a Calabi-Yau manifold $X$, the Kawamata - Morrison movable cone conjecture connects the convex geometry of the movable cone $\overline{\mathrm{Mov}}(X)$ to the birational automorphism group. Using the theory of Coxeter groups, Cantat and Oguiso proved that the conjecture is true for general varieties of Wehler type, and they described explicitly $\mathrm{Bir}(X)$. We generalize their argument to prove the conjecture and describe $\mathrm{Bir}(X)$ for general complete intersections of ample divisors in arbitrary products of projective spaces. Then, under a certain condition, we give a description of the boundary of $\overline{\mathrm{Mov}}(X)$ and an application connected to the numerical dimension of divisors.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures
Ravnanje z raziskovalnimi podatki v nacionalni infrastrukturi odprtega dostopa
Creators: name: Ojsteršek, Milan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: HPC RIVR
Raziskovalni podatki

description: Predstavitev delovanja nacionalne infrastrukture odprtega dostopa na delavnici RDA vozlišča Slovenija 11. marca 2020. V predstavitvi Milan Ojsteršek najprej predstavi, kaj potrebujemo za arhiv odprtih podatkov, kaj so FAIR digitalni objekti in zakaj potrebujemo trajne identifikatorje digitalnih objektov. Nato na kratko prikaže trenutno strukturo nacionalne infrastrukture odprtega dostopa ter opiše glavne cilje projekta HPC RIVR. Glavni del predstavitve predstavlja opis trenutnih aktivnosti na področju vzpostavljanja procesov in funkcionalnosti za podporo delovanju podatkovnih arhivov znotraj repozitorijev nacionalne infrastrukture odprtega dostopa. Predavatelj tudi na kratko predstavi storitve EUDAT, ki so uporabljene pri vzpostavitvi infrastrukture za hranjenje raziskovalnih velepodatkov na superračunalniku Vega. Na koncu predstavitve je kratek demo, v katerem je predstavljenih nekaj novih funkcionalnosti repozitorijev nacionalne infrastrukture odprtega dostopa. Dostopen je videoposnetek predstavitve.
FAIRSpectra - Towards a common data file format for SIMS images
Creators: name: Henderson, Alex
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: FAIR
subject: Mass spectrometry
subject: Secondary ion mass spectrometry
subject: Imaging
subject: Hyperspectral imaging

description: Most funding organisations in Europe, USA, and increasingly worldwide, require that data from projects they support, be published in an open manner. The acknowledged best practice for this is to follow the ‘FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship’ [1]. These principles lay out recommendations for both the way data should be presented, and the metadata relating to the experiments or studies that produced those data. The FAIR Principles define four interlinked categories, by which data should be Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.

In the SIMS community we may share our data, but it is not easily interoperable or reusable by those outside our immediate circle. This not only prevents our data being reused by others in their own research, but also inhibits the development of third-party data analysis packages which could grow the technique in unforeseen directions.

It is important to note that FAIR does not imply open. However, even in scenarios where data cannot be openly shared, for example in a commercial setting, it can still be beneficial to allow data to flow within the business: for example, between in-house laboratories and sites.

The most common, open, file format for imaging mass spectrometry is imzML, developed by the MALDI community. In addition to experimental metadata, this allows for two modes of spectral data to be stored: peak selected, or continuous. Peak selected is most common, but requires that the originator make a decision on which peaks should be included; the parameters used to define those peak positions and intensities being locked in. The continuous option requires the entire spectral range to be stored for each pixel, without compression, resulting in unwieldy files.

In other fields, such as astronomy, microscopy, and climate studies, file format solutions have been developed that the SIMS community could benefit from. In this presentation we explore some of these options to storing the spectral data and discuss their benefits. In addition, we present the metadata requirements the community must agree upon to facilitate take up of any proposed solution.

The FAIRSpectra Initiative aims to present options in a vendor neutral environment and develop an open conversation to benefit the field as a whole.

[1] Sci Data 3, 160018 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.18
Homeostasis: Design and Implementation of a Self-Stabilizing Compiler
Creators: name: Nougrahiya, Aman
name: Nandivada, V. Krishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.3; D.2.5

description: Mainstream compilers perform a multitude of analyses and optimizations on the given input program. Each analysis (such as points-to analysis) may generate a program-abstraction (such as points-to graph). Each optimization is typically composed of multiple alternating phases of inspection of such program-abstractions and transformations of the program. Upon transformation of a program, the program-abstractions generated by various analyses may become inconsistent with the modified program. Consequently, the correctness of the downstream inspection (and consequent transformation) phases cannot be ensured until the relevant program-abstractions are stabilized; that is, the program-abstractions are either invalidated or made consistent with the modified program. In general, the existing compiler frameworks do not perform automated stabilization of the program-abstractions and instead leave it to the compiler pass writers to deal with the complex task of identifying the relevant program-abstractions to be stabilized, the points where the stabilization is to be performed, and the exact procedure of stabilization. In this paper, we address these challenges by providing the design and implementation of a novel compiler-design framework called Homeostasis. Homeostasis automatically captures all the program changes performed by each transformation phase, and later, triggers the required stabilization using the captured information, if needed. We also provide a formal description of Homeostasis and a correctness proof thereof. To assess the feasibility of using Homeostasis in compilers of parallel programs, we have implemented our proposed idea in IMOP, a compiler framework for OpenMP C programs. We present an evaluation which demonstrates that Homeostasis is efficient and easy to use.
description: Accepted for publication in ACM TOPLAS. 58 pages, 36 figures. Patent granted in India. US Patent published. For associated code, see https://github.com/anonymousoopsla21/homeostasis
Axion-Polaritons in quark stars: a possible solution to the missing pulsar problem
Creators: name: Ferrer, E. J.
name: de la Incera, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper proposes an alternative mechanism to solve the so-called missing pulsar problem, a standing paradox between the theoretical expectations about the number of pulsars that should exist in the galaxy center of the Milky Way and their absence in the observations. The mechanism is based on the transformation of incident $γ$ rays into hybridized modes, known as axion-polaritons, which can exist inside highly magnetized quark stars with a quark matter phase known as the magnetic dual chiral density wave phase. This phase, which is favored over several other dense matter phases candidates at densities a few times nuclear saturation density, has already passed several important astrophysical tests. In the proposed mechanism, the absence of young magnetars occurs because as electromagnetic waves inside the star can only propagate through the hybridized modes, incident photons coming from a $γ$-ray burst get transformed into massless and massive axion polaritons by the Primakoff effect. Once thermalized, the massive axion-polaritons can self-gravitate up to a situation where their total mass overpasses the Chandrasekhar limit for these bosons, producing a mini blackhole that collapses the star.
The Behavioral Responses of a Warmwater Teleost to Different Spectra of Light-Emitting Diodes
Creators: name: Sullivan, Brittany G.
name: Wilson, Alexander D. M.
name: Gutowsky, Lee F. G.
name: Patrick, Paul H.
name: Sills, Michael
name: Cooke, Steven J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Freshwater ecosystems are threatened by a wide range of anthropogenic infrastructure related to hydropower, irrigation, municipal withdrawals, and industrial cooling. Technology can be used to mitigate the loss of fish associated with such infrastructure by exploiting the sensory physiology of a species through stimuli designed to manipulate their natural behaviors (e.g., to attract or repel). Technologies used for behavioral guidance often incorporate light; however, previous studies investigating light devices have focused on mercury vapor bulbs and thus have been limited in their exploration of the broader light spectra. Innovations in light-emitting diode (LED) technology provide opportunities for manipulating light spectra (i.e., color) as well as light-pulse frequency. We tested the behavioral response of Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides under 16 different LED color and light-pulse frequency combinations as well as in a control in which no light was emitted. Red, orange, yellow, and green were considered with four light-pulse frequencies (0, 120, 300, and 600 pulses/min). Using a large shallow arena, lateral fish movement in response to the light treatments was examined. Regardless of color or light-pulse frequency, fish were repelled by the light source. In contrast, when there was no light emitted, fish were evenly distributed throughout the arena. This work suggests that colored light accompanied with light-pulse frequencies produced by LEDs can induce an avoidance response in Largemouth Bass. Received May 7, 2015; accepted January 5, 2016 Published online August 24, 2016
R code for Sentis et al. Intraspecific difference among herbivore lineages and their host-plant specialization drive the strength of trophic cascades
Creators: name: Sentis, Arnaud
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: R codes for Sentis et al. (2020) Intraspecific difference among herbivore lineages and their host-plant specialization drive the strength of trophic cascades.
Defect-activated versus intrinsic Raman spectra of GdN and LuN
Creators: name: Van Koughnet, K
name: Trodahl, Harry
name: Holmes-Hewett, William
name: Ruck, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 5104
subject: Condensed matter physics
classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report Raman studies of GdN and LuN, two of the rare-earth mononitrides that form a series of mostly intrinsic ferromagnetic semiconductors. Their rock-salt structure supports no first-order Raman scattering, but, nonetheless, we find a density-of-modes pattern expected for nearly point-defect scattering, an intrinsic two-phonon scattering spectrum, and an LO feature that appears independent of defect concentration. The results are compared with the phonon dispersion calculated within a density functional theory treatment indicating that computed phonon frequencies are smaller than measured, with the disagreement rising to ∼30% for the TA branch. Contrary to the previous assumption of defect-induced scattering at the L point, we propose that the observed LO feature arises from LO(Γ) scattering induced by the Fröhlich interaction, similar to what has been observed in YbS.
Beating a Dead-And-Alive Cat: Perspectives of Quantum Mechanics in Popular Science
Creators: name: Creus-Costa, Joan
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: College students' writings, metaphor, science communication, cognitive linguistics, quantum mechanics, language

description: This essay won or received an honorable mention for The Boothe Prize for excellence in first-year writing. The Boothe Prize recognizes and rewards outstanding expository and argumentative writing by undergraduate students in first-year classes that satisfy the WR 1 requirement. In each award-winning essay, student writers demonstrate clarity of argument, excellent integration of research-based evidence, and compelling prose style.
This essay explores the “delicate balance” between accuracy and accessibility of scientific concepts in a range of literature striving to popularize
quantum mechanics and modern physics, focusing on metaphors used to communicate science.
Privacy Assessment of Federated Learning using Private Personalized Layers
Creators: name: Jourdan, Théo
name: Boutet, Antoine
name: Frindel, Carole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated Learning (FL) is a collaborative scheme to train a learning model across multiple participants without sharing data. While FL is a clear step forward towards enforcing users' privacy, different inference attacks have been developed. In this paper, we quantify the utility and privacy trade-off of a FL scheme using private personalized layers. While this scheme has been proposed as local adaptation to improve the accuracy of the model through local personalization, it has also the advantage to minimize the information about the model exchanged with the server. However, the privacy of such a scheme has never been quantified. Our evaluations using motion sensor dataset show that personalized layers speed up the convergence of the model and slightly improve the accuracy for all users compared to a standard FL scheme while better preventing both attribute and membership inferences compared to a FL scheme using local differential privacy.
Universe inflation and nonlinear electrodynamics
Creators: name: Kruglov, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: WE analyse the universe inflation when the source of gravity is electromagnetic fields obeying nonlinear electrodynamics with two parameters and without singularities. The cosmology of the universe with stochastic magnetic fields is considered. The condition for the universe inflation is obtained. It is demonstrated that singularities of the energy density and pressure are absent as the scale factor approaches to zero. When the scale factor goes to infinity one has equation of state for ultra-relativistic case. The curvature invariants do not possess singularities. The evolution of universe is described showing that at large time the scale factor corresponds to the radiation era. The duration of universe inflation is analysed. We study the classical stability and causality by computing the speed of the sound. Cosmological parameters such as the spectral index $n_s$, the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ and the running of the spectral index $α_s$ are evaluated.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures. Corrected typo in equation (34) in published paper Eur.Phys.J.C 84 (2024) 2, 205
A Formal Semantics of the GraalVM Intermediate Representation
Creators: name: Webb, Brae J.
name: Utting, Mark
name: Hayes, Ian J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The optimization phase of a compiler is responsible for transforming an intermediate representation (IR) of a program into a more efficient form. Modern optimizers, such as that used in the GraalVM compiler, use an IR consisting of a sophisticated graph data structure that combines data flow and control flow into the one structure. As part of a wider project on the verification of optimization passes of GraalVM, this paper describes a semantics for its IR within Isabelle/HOL. The semantics consists of a big-step operational semantics for data nodes (which are represented in a graph-based static single assignment (SSA) form) and a small-step operational semantics for handling control flow including heap-based reads and writes, exceptions, and method calls. We have proved a suite of canonicalization optimizations and conditional elimination optimizations with respect to the semantics.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, to be published to ATVA 2021
Quasilinear Kane conduction band model in nitrogen-doped indium tin oxide
Creators: name: Markwitz, M
name: Back, SY
name: Trewick, Edward
name: Murmu, PP
name: Mori, T
name: Ruck, Benjamin
name: Kennedy, JV
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4016
subject: Materials engineering
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The band nonparabolicity of indium tin oxide (ITO) polycrystalline thin films is investigated with the quasilinear Kane model through Seebeck and Hall effect measurements. We report Kane model nonparabolic band parameters of m0∗=0.21m0 and C=0.52eV-1 for ITO, in good agreement with historical photoemission, optical, and transport measurements. To do this, the ITO films were doped with nitrogen by ion implantation, with fluences ranging from 5×1014Ncm-2 to 5×1015Ncm-2. The presence of the nitrogen in the films was verified with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and their acceptor character studied theoretically by density functional theory. Experimentally, the doped nitrogen formed NO- defects, deep acceptor states that led to a controlled compensation in carrier concentration from 10.1×1020±0.6×1020cm-3 to 2.9×1020±0.2×1020cm-3. Understanding the band nonparabolicity of degenerately doped transparent conducting oxides is essential for their commercial application in solar cells, transparent thermoelectric generators, and transparent thin film transistors. In this work, the Seebeck and Hall effect approach with the quasilinear Kane model for band nonparabolicity is presented as a practical method by which to study the variation in carrier effective mass without reliance on optical measurements.
Tableau evacuation and webs
Creators: name: Patrias, Rebecca
name: Pechenik, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Webs are certain planar diagrams embedded in disks. They index and describe bases of tensor products of representations of $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ and $\mathfrak{sl}_3$. There are explicit bijections between webs and certain rectangular tableaux. Work of Petersen-Pylyavskyy-Rhoades (2009) and Russell (2013) shows that these bijections relate web rotation to tableau promotion. We describe the analogous relation between web reflection and tableau evacuation.
description: 10 pages, exposition improved thanks to helpful feedback
MixNN: Protection of Federated Learning Against Inference Attacks by Mixing Neural Network Layers
Creators: name: Boutet, Antoine
name: Lebrun, Thomas
name: Aalmoes, Jan
name: Baud, Adrien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine Learning (ML) has emerged as a core technology to provide learning models to perform complex tasks. Boosted by Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS), the number of applications relying on ML capabilities is ever increasing. However, ML models are the source of different privacy violations through passive or active attacks from different entities. In this paper, we present MixNN a proxy-based privacy-preserving system for federated learning to protect the privacy of participants against a curious or malicious aggregation server trying to infer sensitive attributes. MixNN receives the model updates from participants and mixes layers between participants before sending the mixed updates to the aggregation server. This mixing strategy drastically reduces privacy without any trade-off with utility. Indeed, mixing the updates of the model has no impact on the result of the aggregation of the updates computed by the server. We experimentally evaluate MixNN and design a new attribute inference attack, Sim, exploiting the privacy vulnerability of SGD algorithm to quantify privacy leakage in different settings (i.e., the aggregation server can conduct a passive or an active attack). We show that MixNN significantly limits the attribute inference compared to a baseline using noisy gradient (well known to damage the utility) while keeping the same level of utility as classic federated learning.
Combined Expression of c-jun, c-fos, and p53 Improves Estimation of Prognosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Creators: name: Wang, Shan
name: Xu, Xin
name: Xu, Fei
name: Meng, Yan
name: Changsheng Sun
name: Shi, Lei
name: Eryang Zhao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: To identify the prognostic value of c-jun, c-fos, and p53 in oral cancer, we examined the impact of immunohistochemical expression of these markers on tumor progression in 157 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We found that c-jun or c-fos was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, and coexpression of c-jun/c-fos, or c-jun/c-fos/p53 were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, poor differentiation and clinical stage. The coexpression of c-jun/c-fos/p53 was identified as independent prognostic factors for overall survival. Simultaneous coexpression of these markers in OSCCs might prove to be a useful indicator for differentiation of low and high-risk patients.
A modular equality for Cameron-Liebler line classes in projective and affine spaces of odd dimension
Creators: name: De Beule, Jan
name: Mannaert, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we study Cameron-Liebler line classes in PG$(n,q)$ and AG$(n,q)$, objects also known as boolean degree one functions. A Cameron-Liebler line class $\mathcal{L}$ is known to have a parameter $x$ that depends on the size of $\mathcal{L}$. One of the main questions on Cameron-Liebler line classes is the (non)-existence of these sets for certain parameters $x$. In particularly it is proven in [12] for $n=3$, that the parameter $x$ should satisfy a modular equality. This equality excludes about half of the possible parameters. We generalize this result to a modular equality for Cameron-Liebler line classes in PG$(n,q)$, and AG$(n,q)$ respectively. Since it is known that a Cameron-Liebler line class in AG$(n,q)$ is also a Cameron-Liebler line class in its projective closure, we end this paper with proving that the modular equality in AG$(n,q)$ is a stronger condition than the condition for the projective case.