cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Testing X-ray Measurements of Galaxy Clusters with Cosmological Simulations
Creators: name: Nagai, Daisuke
name: Vikhlinin, Alexey
name: Kravtsov, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray observations of galaxy clusters potentially provide powerful cosmological probes if systematics due to our incomplete knowledge of the intracluster medium (ICM) physics are understood and controlled. In this paper, we present mock Chandra analyses of cosmological cluster simulations and assess X-ray measurements of galaxy cluster properties using a model and procedure essentially identical to that used in real data analysis. We show that reconstruction of three-dimensional ICM density and temperature profiles is excellent for relaxed clusters, but still reasonably accurate for unrelaxed systems. The total ICM mass is measured quite accurately (<6%) in all clusters, while the hydrostatic estimate of the gravitationally bound mass is biased low by about 5%-20% through the virial region, primarily due to additional pressure support provided by subsonic bulk motions in the ICM, ubiquitous in our simulations even in relaxed systems. Gas fraction determinations are therefore biased high; the bias increases toward cluster outskirts and depends sensitively on its dynamical state, but we do not observe significant trends of the bias with cluster mass or redshift. We also find that different average ICM temperatures, such as the X-ray spectroscopic Tspec and gas-mass-weighted Tmg, are related to each other by a constant factor with a relatively small object-to-object scatter and no systematic trend with mass, redshift or the dynamical state of clusters. We briefly discuss direct applications of our results for different cluster-based cosmological tests.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, submitted to ApJ
Women workers in export processing zones in Asia : a political economy perspective
Creators: name: Nakamura, Miyako
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: An important characteristic of export processing zones (EPZs) in East, Southeast and South Asia is that 70% to 90% of the workforce is comprised of young, single women. In view of this, the success of EPZs as an industrialization strategy would not be adequately assessed without taking into account the physical and social impact on women workers. Most discussions of EPZs, however, have focused only on the economic advantages and benefits of this development strategy without any consideration of the effects on the women who work in them. This thesis investigates the social, political, economic and legal forces operative in the creation and maintenance of oppressive and exploitative conditions for women workers in EPZs. In the countries under review, the integration of young, single women into the paid workforce in EPZs was a new phenomenon. The selection of this particular group of workers is the result of corporate and state policies directed to the maintenance of a comparative advantage within the current structure of export-led industrialization. Patriarchal ideology reinforces both the selection and management of women workers. The state also plays an important role in creating and maintaining conditions favourable to investment through the selective enforcement of investment, tax, labour and environmental laws. The domestic legal protections that exist are, for the most part, for the benefit of corporations, rather than for the protection of women workers. Employment in EPZs, as a result, has some benefits but mostly costs for women. On the one hand, women workers gain a measure of economic independence and are thereby liberated from some of the patriarchal forces of their family structures. On the other hand, they are subject to health hazards and employment insecurity, and are provided little opportunity for advancement. Women also suffer public stigmatization as a result of their employment as factory workers. Even the familial patriarchal control they escape is replaced by patriarchal control by the corporation, local communities and the state. It is possible that international human rights law might be relied upon to address some of the problems faced by women who work in EPZs. In view of the low ratification rates of the countries under review, however, this does not seem likely. To this point, international conventions directed to improving work conditions have had little effect. Still, increased international attention, in particular, by non-governmental organizations (NGOs), might help to better the working environment of women in EPZs.
Obdachlose Menschen als Bibliotheksbesucher
Creators: name: Schmidt, Christian
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Öffentliche Bibliothek
subject: Wissenschaftliche Bibliothek
subject: Obdachlosigkeit
subject: Soziale Bibliotheksarbeit
subject: Agenda 2030 für nachhaltige Entwicklung
subject: USA
subject: Zukunft
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften

description: Obwohl viele deutsche Bibliotheken obdachlose Besucher haben, sind sie kaum auf diese Klientel eingestellt. Häufig stehen sie dem Aufenthalt Wohnungsloser in ihren Räumen skeptisch gegenüber, zielgruppenspezifische Angebote existieren bisher so gut wie keine. Der Beitrag diskutiert die Frage, wie Bibliotheken ihr Verhältnis zu Obdachlosen in Zukunft professionalisieren können und ob sie als eigene Zielgruppe in die bibliothekarische Versorgung einbezogen werden sollten. Als Diskussionsgrundlage dient die Agenda 2030 für nachhaltige Entwicklung, die 2015 von den Vereinten Nationen verabschiedet wurde. Am Beispiel des US-amerikanischen Bibliothekswesens werden vorhandene Ansätze in der Bibliotheksarbeit mit Obdachlosen beleuchtet, bevor im letzten Kapitel auch die Grenzen bei dieser Aufgabe angesprochen werden.
Additional file 1 of Pancreatic cancer tumor organoids exhibit subtype-specific differences in metabolic profiles
Creators: name: Ali, Hassan A.
name: Karasinska, Joanna M.
name: Topham, James T.
name: Johal, Danisha
name: Kalloger, Steve
name: Metcalfe, Andrew
name: Warren, Cassia S.
name: Miyagi, Anthony
name: Tao, Lan V.
name: Kevorkova, Maya
name: Chafe, Shawn C.
name: McDonald, Paul C.
name: Dedhar, Shoukat
name: Parker, Seth J.
name: Renouf, Daniel J.
name: Schaeffer, David F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Die inklusive Bibliothek
Creators: name: Janßen, Elke
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Lernstörung
subject: Inklusion
subject: Lebensfreude
subject: Leichte Sprache
subject: Geistige Behinderung
subject: Zukunft
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften

description: Die Bibliothek der Zukunft sollte eine inklusive Bibliothek sein. Es gibt Menschen mit kognitiver Beeinträchtigung, die sehr gerne lesen. Sie lesen Bücher in Einfacher oder Leichter Sprache. Die Lebenshilfe Berlin unterstützt mit ihren Initiativen den inklusiven Zugang zu Literatur, zum Beispiel mit ihren Leseklubs, in denen sich Menschen mit und ohne Beeinträchtigung, die Freude am Lesen haben, regelmäßig in Bibliotheken treffen. Die Lebenshilfe Berlin ist auf der Leipziger Buchmesse vertreten und veranstaltet eigene Literaturwettbewerbe in Einfacher Sprache. Menschen mit Beeinträchtigungen lesen auf der Buchmesse vor Publikum und sie schreiben Rezensionen über Bücher in Einfacher Sprache, um Empfehlungen für Bibliotheken auszusprechen. Das sind erste Schritte in Richtung inklusiver Zugang zu Literatur. Inklusive Bibliotheken sind notwendig. Die Bibliotheken können hier ein neues Publikum gewinnen, dessen Freude beim Lesen ansteckend wirkt.
Supplementary Material for ,,Certifying the qubit space with a minimal number of parameters''
Creators: name: Rybotycki, Tomasz
name: Białecki, Tomasz
name: Batle, Josep
name: Tworzydło, Jakub
name: Bednorz, Adam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Supplementary material for "Certifying the qubit space with a minimal number of parameters". Please read the READEME.txt file for more info.
Doublon-like excitations and their phononic coupling in a Mott charge-density-wave system
Creators: name: Butler, C. J.
name: Yoshida, M.
name: Hanaguri, T.
name: Iwasa, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron-phonon-driven charge density waves can in some circumstances allow electronic correlations to become predominant, driving a system into a Mott insulating state. New insights into both the Mott state and preceding charge density wave may result from observations of the coupled dynamics of their underlying degrees of freedom. Here, tunneling injection of single electrons into the upper Hubbard band of the Mott charge-density-wave material 1T-TaS2 reveals extraordinarily narrow electronic excitations which couple to amplitude mode phonons associated with the charge density wave's periodic lattice distortion. This gives a vivid microscopic view of the interplay between excitations of the Mott state and the lattice dynamics of its charge density wave precursor.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, with Supplementary Information (6 pages, 8 figures). Accepted for publication in Physical Review X
LoBSTr: Real-time Lower-body Pose Prediction from Sparse Upper-body Tracking Signals
Creators: name: Yang, Dongseok
name: Kim, Doyeon
name: Lee, Sung-Hee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the popularization of game and VR/AR devices, there is a growing need for capturing human motion with a sparse set of tracking data. In this paper, we introduce a deep neural-network (DNN) based method for real-time prediction of the lower-body pose only from the tracking signals of the upper-body joints. Specifically, our Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU)-based recurrent architecture predicts the lower-body pose and feet contact probability from past sequence of tracking signals of the head, hands and pelvis. A major feature of our method is that the input signal is represented with the velocity of tracking signals. We show that the velocity representation better models the correlation between the upper-body and lower-body motions and increase the robustness against the diverse scales and proportions of the user body than position-orientation representations. In addition, to remove foot-skating and floating artifacts, our network predicts feet contact state, which is used to post-process the lower-body pose with inverse kinematics to preserve the contact. Our network is lightweight so as to run in real-time applications. We show the effectiveness of our method through several quantitative evaluations against other architectures and input representations, with respect to wild tracking data obtained from commercial VR devices.
Metallicities of M Dwarf Planet Hosts from Spectral Synthesis
Creators: name: Bean, Jacob L.
name: Benedict, G. Fritz
name: Endl, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first spectroscopic metallicities of three M dwarfs with known or candidate planetary mass companions. We have analyzed high resolution, high signal-to-noise spectra of these stars which we obtained at McDonald Observatory. Our analysis technique is based on spectral synthesis of atomic and molecular features using recently revised cool-star model atmospheres and spectrum synthesis code. The technique has been shown to yield results consistent with the analyses of solar-type stars and allows measurements of M dwarf [M/H] values to 0.12 dex precision. From our analysis, we find [M/H] = -0.12, -0.32, and -0.33 for GJ 876, GJ 436, and GJ 581 respectively. These three M dwarf planet hosts have sub-solar metallicities, a surprising departure from the trend observed in FGK-type stars. This study is the first part of our ongoing work to determine the metallicities of the M dwarfs included in the McDonald Observatory planet search program.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
Additional file 1 of Effect of an educational intervention based on health belief model on preventive behaviors against malaria in over 18-year-old Afghan immigrants living in Parsian
Creators: name: Pasalari, Zhila
name: ezati rad, Roghayeh
name: Hosseini, Zahra
name: Torki, Habibolah
name: Ghanbarnejad, Amin
name: Aghamolaei, Teamur
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Integrable subsystem of Yang--Mills dilaton theory
Creators: name: Adam, C.
name: Sanchez-Guillen, J.
name: Wereszczynski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the help of the Cho-Faddeev-Niemi-Shabanov decomposition of the SU(2) Yang-Mills field, we find an integrable subsystem of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory coupled to the dilaton. Here integrability means the existence of infinitely many symmetries and infinitely many conserved currents. Further, we construct infinitely many static solutions of this integrable subsystem. These solutions can be identified with certain limiting solutions of the full system, which have been found previously in the context of numerical investigations of the Yang-Mills dilaton theory. In addition, we derive a Bogomolny bound for the integrable subsystem and show that our static solutions are, in fact, Bogomolny solutions. This explains the linear growth of their energies with the topological charge, which has been observed previously. Finally, we discuss some generalisations.
description: 25 pages, LaTex. Version 3: appendix added where the equivalence of the field equations for the full model and the submodel is demonstrated; references and some comments added
The role of AGN and its obscuration on the position of the host galaxy relative to Main Sequence
Creators: name: Mountrichas, G.
name: Buat, V.
name: Yang, G.
name: Boquien, M.
name: Burgarella, D.
name: Ciesla, L.
name: Malek, K.
name: Shirley, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use X-ray Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) observed by the Chandra X-ray Observatory within the 9.3 deg$^2$ Bo$\rm \ddot{o}$tes field of the NDWFS to study whether there is a correlation between X-ray luminosity (L$_X$) and star formation rate (SFR) of the host galaxy, at $\rm 0.5
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Διαδικασία Ornstein-Uhlenbeck
Creators: name: Μιχάλη, Μαρία Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019
Subjects: Διαδικασία Ornstein-Uhlenbeck
Κίνηση Brown
Ολοκλήρωμα ItÔ
Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process
Brownian motion
ItÔ integral

description: Κεντρικός άξονας της παρούσας εργασίας, είναι η μελέτη της διαδικασίας Ornstein-Uhlenbeck. Αρχικά, παρατίθενται οι απαραίτητες έννοιες από τη Θεωρία Πιθανοτήτων και στοχαστικών ανελίξεων, ορίζεται η κίνηση Brown και κατασκευάζεται το στοχαστικό ολοκλήρωμα πάνω σε αυτήν. Επιπλέον, ορίζονται οι ανελίξεις ItÔ και γίνεται μια σύντομη αναφορά στη θεωρία των στοχαστικών διαφορικών εξισώσεων. Στη συνέχεια, γίνεται η μελέτη της διαδικασίας Ornstein-Uhlenbeck. Αναλύονται οι ιδιότητές της, δίνονται οι διαφορικές εξισώσεις Kolmogorov, ελέγχονται οι κατανομές των χρόνων πρώτης άφιξής της σε δοσμένο επίπεδο, γίνεται η διακριτοποίησή της και για τη μονοδιάστατη διαδικασία, εκτιμώνται οι παράμετροί της με τη μέθοδο της μέγιστης πιθανοφάνειας. Στο τελευταίο κομμάτι της εργασίας, περιγράφεται η μέθοδος προσέγγισης της διαδικασίας Ornstein-Uhlenbeck μέσω της διαδικασίας AR(1). Εφαρμόζεται η μέθοδος προσέγγισης σε τριδιάστατη χρονοσειρά. Τέλος, εντοπίζονται τα προβλήματα εφαρμογής της ίδιας μεθόδου σε τριδιάστατες χρονοσειρές αποδόσεων μετοχών
description: The main purpose of this thesis, is to study the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. Firstly, the necessary concepts of Probability Theory and stochastic processes are given, the Brownian motion is defined and there is constructed the stochastic integral over it. Furthermore, the processes are defined and there is made a brief reference to stochastic differential equations. Then, the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process is studied. Its properties are analyzed, the Kolmogorov equations are given, its hitting time distributions are tested, it is discretized and for the univariate process, its parameters are estimated through Maximum Likelihood Estimation algorithm. In the last part of this thesis, there is described the method of approaching an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, through an AR(1) process. Then, an application of the method in a three- dimensional time series follows. Finally, the problems of using the same method in a three-dimensional series of stock returns, are detected
Additional file 1 of Consecutive annual mowing reduces soil respiration and increases the proportion of autotrophic component in a meadow steppe
Creators: name: Zhu, Wen
name: Legesse, Tsegaye Gemechu
name: Dong, Xiaobing
name: Li, Aogui
name: Shi, Ziyue
name: Tong, Qi
name: Shao, Changliang
name: Liu, Weixing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1. Fig. S1: The picture of the field mowing experiment conducted mowing in August 2018. Fig. S2: The univariate regressions between MBC and AGB, Rs and MBC, soil ST, and partial regression between Rs and ST after controlling for MBC. MBC: microbial biomass carbon; AGB: aboveground biomass; Rs: soil respiration; ST: soil temperature. Fig. S3: The univariate regressions between Rh and MBC, ST, and partial regression between Rh and ST after controlling for MBC. Rh: soil heterotrophic respiration; MBC: microbial biomass carbon; ST: soil temperature. Fig. S4: The ratio of belowground biomass distribution in the depth of 30–50 cm to the depth of 0–30 cm in 2021. Fig. S5: Linear regressions between mowing-induced changes in Rs, Rh, and Ra with experiment years. A solid line indicates statistically significant, and dotted lines indicate statistically insignificant. Fig. S6: Linear regression between the relative contributions of Rh and Ra to Rs with experimental years, while dotted lines indicate statistical insignificance.
Reconstruction of Primordial Power Spectrum of curvature perturbation from the merger rate of Primordial Black Hole Binaries
Creators: name: Kimura, Rampei
name: Suyama, Teruaki
name: Yamaguchi, Masahide
name: Zhang, Ying-li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of primordial curvature perturbations on small scales are still unknown while those on large scales have been well probed by the observations of the cosmic microwave background anisotropies and the large scale structure. In this paper, we propose the reconstruction method of primordial curvature perturbations on small scales through the merger rate of binary primordial black holes, which could form from large primordial curvature perturbation on small scales.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Ο ρόλος της φορητής τεχνολογίας στη τάξη του νηπιαγωγείου: Οι απόψεις, οι προσδοκίες και οι πρακικές των εκπαιδευτικών
Creators: name: Παπαηλίου, Κυριακή Χρήστου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019

description: Η εισαγωγή της φορητής τεχνολογίας στην εκπαιδευτική πρακτική είναι ένα θέμα το οποίο έχει απασχολήσει τα τελευταία χρόνια, αρκετούς ερευνητές, σε παγκόσμιο επίπεδο. Ωστόσο, οι τεχνολογικές εξελίξεις φαίνεται να προηγούνται των εκπαιδευτικών πρακτικών. Για τον λόγο αυτό, η παρούσα έρευνα έχει σκοπό να διερευνήσει όχι μόνο τις απόψεις των εκπαιδευτικών αλλά και τις προσδοκίες τους απέναντι στη χρήση της φορητής τεχνολογίας, για να μπορέσουμε να κατανοήσουμε πώς αυτές συνδέονται με τις πρακτικές που οι εκπαιδευτικοί επιλέγουν να χρησιμοποιήσουν. Τα αποτελέσματα τις έρευνας έδειξαν ότι οι έννοιες αυτές δεν συσχετίζονται θετικά. Δηλαδή ενώ παρατηρείται ύπαρξη θετικών απόψεων και υψηλών προσδοκιών από τους εκπαιδευτικούς απέναντι στη φορητή τεχνολογία, στην εκπαιδευτική τους πρακτική η χρήση οποιουδήποτε τεχνολογικού εργαλείου γίνεται με κίνητρο την διευκόλυνση του εκπαιδευτικού έργου και όχι την αποτελεσματικότερη μάθηση των μαθητών.
description: The introduction of mobile technology in education is an issue that has been addressed in recent years by several researchers at a global level. However, technological developments seem to prelude educational practices. For this reason, this study aims to explore not only teachers’ beliefs but also their expectations regarding the use of mobile technology, so that we can compare them with the practices they choose to use in classroom. The results of the research have shown that these concepts are not positively correlated. While there are positive beliefs and high expectations of teachers towards mobile technology, in their educational practice the use of any technological implement is motivated to facilitate the educational work and not to promote effective learning for students.
The impact of kinetic inductance on the critical current oscillations of nanobridge SQUIDs
Creators: name: Dausy, H.
name: Nulens, L.
name: Raes, B.
name: Van Bael, M. J.
name: Van de Vondel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the current phase relation ($CΦR$) of lithographically fabricated molybdenum germanium (MoGe) nanobridges, which is intimately linked to the nanobridge kinetic inductance. We do this by imbedding the nanobridges in a SQUID. We observe that for temperatures far below $T_c$, the $CΦR$ is linear as long as the condensate is not weakened by the presence of supercurrent. We demonstrate lithographic control over the nanobridge kinetic inductance, which scales with the nanobridge aspect ratio. This allows to tune the SQUID $I_c(B)$ characteristic. The SQUID properties that can be controlled in this way include the SQUID sensitivity and the positions of the critical current maxima. These observations can be of use for the design and operation of future superconducting devices such as magnetic memories or flux qubits.
การพัฒนาการตรวจสอบเครื่องหมายสนิปที่สัมพันธ์กับผลผลิตน้ํายางของต้นยางพาราโดยใช้เทคนิค TaqMan
Creators: name: กิตติพัฒน์ อุโฆษกิจ
Publisher: name: กองบริหารการวิจัย
Year: 2564
Subjects: ยางพารา
ผลผลิตน้ํายาง
เครื่องหมายสนิป
เทคนิค TaqMan

description: วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี, 29, 5, 808-818
Molecular machines for quantum error correction
Creators: name: Guerreiro, Thiago
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by biological molecular machines we explore the idea of an active quantum robot whose purpose is delaying decoherence. A conceptual model capable of partially protecting arbitrary logical qubit states against single physical qubit errors is presented. Implementation of an instance of that model - the entanglement qubot - is proposed using laser-dressed Rydberg atoms. Dynamics of the system is studied using stochastic wavefunction methods.
description: Minor typos fixed, new simulations included
Additional file 1 of Reducing low-value imaging - stakeholders’ assessment of an intervention to improve imaging services
Creators: name: Kjelle, Elin
name: Brandsæter, Ingrid Øfsti
name: Andersen, Eivind Richter
name: Hofmann, Bjørn Morten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
The planar four-point master integrals for massive two-loop Bhabha scattering
Creators: name: Czakon, M.
name: Gluza, J.
name: Riemann, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the values of the complete set of planar four-point Master Integrals needed for massive Bhabha scattering in the limit of fixed angle and high energy at the two-loop level. The integrals have been calculated using direct expansions of Mellin-Barnes representations, followed by a resummation of resulting harmonic series.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures
Unconventional topological transitions in a self-organized magnetic ladder
Creators: name: Maśka, Maciej M.
name: Sedlmayr, Nicholas
name: Kobiałka, Aksel
name: Domański, Tadeusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is commonly assumed that topological phase transitions in topological superconductors are accompanied by a closing of the topological gap or a change of the symmetry of the system. We demonstrate that an unconventional topological phase transition with neither gap closing nor a change of symmetry is possible. We consider a nanoscopic length ladder of atoms on a superconducting substrate, comprising self-organized magnetic moments coupled to itinerant electrons. For a range of conditions, the ground state of such a system prefers helical magnetic textures, self-sustaining topologically nontrivial phase. Abrupt changes in the magnetic order as a function of induced superconducting pairing or chemical potential can cause topological phase transitions without closing the topological gap. Furthermore, the ground state prefers either parallel or anti-parallel configurations along the rungs, and the anti-parallel configuration causes an emergent time reversal asymmetry protecting Kramer's pair's of Majorana zero modes, but in a BDI topological superconductor. We determine the topological invariant and inspect the boundary Majorana zero modes.
Obstructions to the Existence of Sasaki-Einstein Metrics
Creators: name: Gauntlett, Jerome P.
name: Martelli, Dario
name: Sparks, James
name: Yau, Shing-Tung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe two simple obstructions to the existence of Ricci-flat Kahler cone metrics on isolated Gorenstein singularities or, equivalently, to the existence of Sasaki-Einstein metrics on the links of these singularities. In particular, this also leads to new obstructions for Kahler-Einstein metrics on Fano orbifolds. We present several families of hypersurface singularities that are obstructed, including 3-fold and 4-fold singularities of ADE type that have been studied previously in the physics literature. We show that the AdS/CFT dual of one obstruction is that the R-charge of a gauge invariant chiral primary operator violates the unitarity bound.
description: 35 pages, 1 figure; references and a footnote added
Additional file 1 of Is the frequency of breakfast consumption associated with life satisfaction in children and adolescents? A cross-sectional study with 154,151 participants from 42 countries
Creators: name: López-Gil, José Francisco
name: Tully, Mark A.
name: Cristi-Montero, Carlos
name: Brazo-Sayavera, Javier
name: Gaya, Anelise Reis
name: Calatayud, Joaquín
name: López-Bueno, Rubén
name: Smith, Lee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy
Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Small deformations and non-left-invariant complex structures on a compact solvmanifold
Creators: name: Hasegawa, Keizo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C55, 53C30, 53D05

description: We observed in our previous paper that all the complex structures on four-dimensional compact solvmanifolds, including tori, are left-invariant. In this paper we will give an example of a six-dimensional compact solvmanifold which admits a continuous family of non-left-invariant complex structures. Furthermore, we will make a complete classification of three-dimensional compact homogeneous complex solvmanifolds; and determine which of them admit pseudo-Kaehler structures.
description: 11 pages; revised version with a more detailed proof for the main theorem
Zukunftslabor Kinder- und Jugendbibliothek
Creators: name: Keller-Loibl, Kerstin
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Öffentliche Bibliothek
subject: Kinderbibliothek
subject: Jugendbibliothek
subject: Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung
subject: Partizipation
subject: Zukunft
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften

description: Was können Kinder- und Jugendbibliotheken in der digitalen Zukunft leisten? Welche Anforderungen lassen sich aus der gesellschaftlichen Entwicklung und dem veränderten Medienverhalten Heranwachsender ableiten? Entscheidende Weichenstellungen sind in der Gegenwart zu treffen, um dem Handeln eine Richtung zu geben. Der Beitrag beschreibt erstrebenswerte Szenarien und zukunftsweisende Aufgabenfelder von Kinder- und Jugendbibliotheken ebenso wie zu vermeidende Szenarien. Entwicklungspotenziale von Kinder- und Jugendbibliotheken werden entworfen, zum Beispiel als Navigatoren in der (digitalen) Medienwelt, als Kreativlabore, als Orte der Fantasie und des Geschichtenerzählens. Die Bibliothek der Zukunft ist ein Teil der Lebenswelt von Kindern und Jugendlichen: mit Beteiligungsmodellen und Making-Aktivitäten, die Alltagskompetenzen, kulturelle Bildung und gesellschaftliche Teilhabe fördern.
Spherical space in the Newtonian limit: The cosmological constant
Creators: name: Isidro, J. M.
name: de Cordoba, P. Fernandez
name: Castro-Palacio, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the cosmological constant of a spherical space in the limit of weak gravity. To this end we use a duality developed by the present authors in a previous work. This duality allows one to treat the Newtonian cosmological fluid as the probability fluid of a single particle in nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. We apply this duality to the case when the spacetime manifold on which this quantum mechanics is defined is given by $\mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{S}^3$. Here $\mathbb{R}$ stands for the time axis and $\mathbb{S}^3$ is a 3-dimensional sphere endowed with the standard round metric. A quantum operator $Λ$ satisfying all the requirements of a cosmological constant is identified, and the matrix representing $Λ$ within the Hilbert space $L^2\left(\mathbb{S}^3\right)$ of quantum states is obtained. Numerical values for the expectation value of the operator $Λ$ in certain quantum states are obtained, that are in good agreement with the experimentally measured cosmological constant.
description: 16 pp; clarifications added
A z=0.9 supercluster of X-ray luminous, optically-selected, massive galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Gilbank, David G.
name: Yee, H. K. C.
name: Ellingson, E.
name: Hicks, A. K.
name: Gladders, M. D.
name: Barrientos, L. F.
name: Keeney, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a compact supercluster structure at z=0.9. The structure comprises three optically-selected clusters, all of which are detected in X-rays and spectroscopically confirmed to lie at the same redshift. The Chandra X-ray temperatures imply individual masses of ~5x10^14 Msun. The X-ray masses are consistent with those inferred from optical--X-ray scaling relations established at lower redshift. A strongly-lensed z~4 Lyman break galaxy behind one of the clusters allows a strong-lensing mass to be estimated for this cluster, which is in good agreement with the X-ray measurement. Optical spectroscopy of this cluster gives a dynamical mass in good agreement with the other independent mass estimates. The three components of the RCS2319+00 supercluster are separated from their nearest neighbor by a mere <3 Mpc in the plane of the sky and likely <10 Mpc along the line-of-sight, and we interpret this structure as the high-redshift antecedent of massive (~10^15 Msun) z~0.5 clusters such as MS0451.5-0305.
description: ApJ Letters accepted. 5 pages in emulateapj, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Avoiding overflow metabolite formation in Komagataella phaffii fermentations to enhance recombinant protein production
Creators: name: Steimann, Thomas
name: Wegmann, Judith
name: Espinosa, Monica I.
name: Blank, Lars Mathias
name: Büchs, Jochen
name: Mann, Marcel
name: Magnus, Jørgen Barsett
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Diagram of the experimental set-up, Figure S2. Fermentation protocol, Figure S3. Total oxygen consumption during glucose metabolization, Figure S4. Determination of growth rate µ, Figure S5. Statistical significance of pairwise comparison of biomass yields YX/S, Calculation of theoretical RQ values.
A positivity-preserving high-order weighted compact nonlinear scheme for compressible gas-liquid flows
Creators: name: Wong, Man Long
name: Angel, Jordan B.
name: Barad, Michael F.
name: Kiris, Cetin C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a robust, highly accurate, and efficient positivity- and boundedness-preserving diffuse interface method for the simulations of compressible gas-liquid two-phase flows with the five-equation model by Allaire et al. using high-order finite difference weighted compact nonlinear scheme (WCNS) in the explicit form. The equation of states of gas and liquid are given by the ideal gas and stiffened gas laws respectively. Under a mild assumption on the relative magnitude between the ratios of specific heats of the gas and liquid, we can construct limiting procedures for the fifth order incremental-stencil WCNS (WCNS-IS) with the first order Harten-Lax-van Leer contact (HLLC) flux such that positive partial densities and squared speed of sound can be ensured in the solutions, together with bounded volume fractions and mass fractions. The limiting procedures are discretely conservative for all conservative equations in the five-equation model and can also be easily extended for any other conservative finite difference or finite volume scheme. Numerical tests with liquid water and air are reported to demonstrate the robustness and high accuracy of the WCNS-IS with the positivity- and boundedness-preserving limiters even under extreme conditions.
Protocol for derivatization and determination of structural monosaccharides in crude fungal exopolysaccharide
Creators: name: Tayebeh Fooladi, Mohammad Reza Soudi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biosurfactant , Lipopeptide, Surface tension, Bacillus pumilus, Critical micelle concentration,Derivatization, exopolysaccharide, alditol acetate, standard sugar, GC-MS, Trifluoroacetic acid

description: Polysaccharides are composed of monomeric simple sugars, exhibiting substantial diversity for functional groups, found being suitable for vast biological activities in different living organisms. Difficulties in isolation, purification by professional methods and using costly equipment are the multiple challenges of characterizing the nature and properties of these important components of living cells. Several methods have been applied for the quantitative analysis of the carbohydrates. However, GC and GC-MS are the most appropriate techniques ever used to analyze complex structures of polysaccharide. Notably, so far, no commercial kit has been developed and offered, particularly for derivatization of polysaccharides. This study aims to confer a modified protocol for suitable derivatization of structurally unknown polysaccharides. The fungal exopolysaccharide from Neopestalotiopsis sp. has been used as the sample in this study. The study has established the multiple manual steps of the alditol acetate derivatization. The modifications have been highlighted as follows: Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) has been used instead of conventional trichloroacetic acid for hydrolyzing the crude exopolysaccharide. The standard sugars were treated separately, but not in the complex mixture. The simplicity of the method, using ordinary instruments and short time accomplishment of procedures, collectively makes this technique as the most applicable in a common research laboratory where no more sophisticated equipment is available.
description: The current working paper developed the simple and applicable protocol for extraction, derivatization and analysis of polysaccharids.
Gender, sanctity and sainthood : official and alternative saints as females exemplars in Roman Catholicism, 1939-1978
Creators: name: May, Laura J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Aside from studies on the Virgin Mary, of which there are many, little research has been done on the range of women the Roman Catholic church has promoted as exemplars--female saints, for example, in particular modern female saints. I have studied the women canonized by the Roman Catholic church from 1939 to 1978 through three types of sources: papal canonization speeches, official hagiographies, and varied writings by lay Catholic women. Saints mean very different things to each of these groups of people. To popes, canonization speeches provide an opportunity to comment on politics and society--from Pope Pius XII’s antifeminist remarks to Pope Paul V1s attempts to reconcile feminism and Catholicism. To hagiographers, female saints represented everything from a new Virgin Mary to a new imitation of Christ. Hagiographers did not establish a dual system of sanctity for men and for women: they did not describe all women as imitators of Mary and exemplars for other women. But they presented all female saints as, above all, obedient--and, in particular, obedient to the male hierarchy. Several lay Catholic women understood saints lives not as examples of obedience but as examples of autonomy. Overall, I show that saints lives are religious symbols; like other religious symbols, as Paul Ricoeur argues, their lives are polysemic--that is, subject to various interpretations.
Supplementary document for Single-shot quantitative amplitude and phase imaging based on a pair of all-dielectric metasurfaces - 6201751.pdf
Creators: name: Wu, Qianyi
name: Zhou, Junxiao
name: Chen, Xinyu
name: Zhao, Junxiang
name: Lei, Ming
name: Chen, Guanghao
name: Lo, Yuhwa
name: Liu, Zhaowei
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement 1
Dark Matter and Leptogenesis from Gravitational Production
Creators: name: Bernal, Nicolás
name: Fong, Chee Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the gravitational interaction is universal, any particle that ever existed, if kinematically accessible, has to be produced through her. We explore the possibility that dark matter is generated purely from gravitational scatterings together with heavy Majorana right-handed neutrinos that are long-lived. Their late decay could inject significant entropy into the thermal bath, diluting both the dark matter abundance and the cosmic baryon asymmetry, thereby imposing various constraints on the reheating dynamics. Additionally to the entropy injection, long-lived right-handed neutrinos could also be responsible for generating the baryon asymmetry through leptogenesis, and hence establish some nontrivial relations between the dark matter and the right-handed properties, and the reheating dynamics
description: 14+5 pages, 6 figures. V2 matches version accepted in JCAP
Additional file 5: of What is the lowest change in cardiac output that transthoracic echocardiography can detect?
Creators: name: Jozwiak, Mathieu
name: Mercado, Pablo
name: Teboul, Jean-Louis
name: Benmalek, Anouar
name: Gimenez, Julia
name: DĂŠpret, FranĂ§ois
name: Richard, Christian
name: Monnet, Xavier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S5. Intra-examination precision of transthoracic echocardiography measurements in atrial fibrillation. (DOCX 26 kb)
Η επιρροή της στάσης της ηγεσίας μιας σχολικής μονάδας στις στάσεις των εκπαιδευτικών απέναντι στην καινοτομία
Creators: name: Πασιαλή, Ολυμπία Χρήστου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019
Subjects: Καινοτομία
Εκπαιδευτική καινοτομία
ΤΠΕ
Σχολική ηγεσία
Διευθυντής σχολικής μονάδας
Εκπαιδευτικοί Πρωτοβάθμιας Εκπαίδευσης
Innovation
Educational innovation
ICT
School leadership
School principal
Primary school teachers

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία διερευνά τον τρόπο με τον οποίο η στάση της ηγεσίας μιας σχολικής μονάδας απέναντι στην καινοτομία και ειδικότερα στις Τεχνολογίες Πληροφορίας και Επικοινωνίας (ΤΠΕ) επηρεάζει τις αντίστοιχες στάσεις των εκπαιδευτικών. Παράλληλα, εξετάζει τις στάσεις των εκπαιδευτικών απέναντι στην καινοτομία και τις ΤΠΕ. Για τη διεξαγωγή της έρευνας επιλέχθηκε η ποσοτική μεθοδολογική προσέγγιση και ως εργαλείο συλλογής δεδομένων το ερωτηματολόγιο. Η στατιστική ανάλυση των δεδομένων έγινε με τη χρήση του στατιστικού πακέτου SPSS 23. Το δείγμα της έρευνας αποτέλεσαν 140 εκπαιδευτικοί Πρωτοβάθμιας Εκπαίδευσης του Νομού Ημαθίας. Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας αποδεικνύουν ότι οι εκπαιδευτικοί φαίνονται θετικοί στην εισαγωγή και εφαρμογή καινοτομιών και ΤΠΕ αλλά επισημαίνουν παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν την εισαγωγή και ενσωμάτωσή τους. Ο διευθυντής διαδραματίζει σημαντικό ρόλο στην εισαγωγή και εφαρμογή καινοτομιών και ΤΠΕ στην εκπαίδευση. Μπορεί να δημιουργήσει το κατάλληλο σχολικό κλίμα και να επηρεάσει τους εκπαιδευτικούς με τις γνώσεις, τις αντιλήψεις και τη συμπεριφορά του. Ως μέντορας μπορεί να εμπνέει, να καθοδηγεί και να συμβουλεύει τους εκπαιδευτικούς ώστε να εφαρμόζουν καινοτομίες και να χρησιμοποιούν τις ΤΠΕ στις διδακτικές τους μεθόδους. Έτσι, δύναται να επιτύχει την ανάπτυξη και την αποτελεσματικότητα του σχολείου του. Τα παραπάνω ευρήματα επιβεβαιώνουν την προϋπάρχουσα βιβλιογραφία.
description: The present dissertation investigates the ways in which the attitude of school unit leadership towards innovation, and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in particular, affects teachers’ attitudes. At the same time, it explores teachers’ attitudes towards innovation and ICT. The research was conducted using a quantitative method and the questionnaire was selected as a data collection tool. The statistical analysis was done with the use of the statistical software SPSS 23. The sample consists of 140 primary school teachers from the prefecture of Imathia. The results of the research show that teachers appear to be positive about introducing and implementing innovations and ICT but they highlight factors that influence their introduction and integration. The school principal plays an important role in the introduction and implementation of innovations and ICT in education. He is able to create the appropriate school climate and influence teachers through his knowledge, his perceptions and his behavior. As a mentor, he can inspire, lead and advise teachers to implement innovations and use ICT in their teaching methods. So, he can achieve the development and the effectiveness of his school. The above findings confirm the pre-existing literature.
Formation of Narrow Dust Rings in Circumstellar Debris Disks
Creators: name: Besla, Gurtina
name: Wu, Yanqin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Narrow dust rings observed around some young stars (e.g., HR 4796A) need to be confined. We present a possible explanation for the formation and confinement of such rings in optically thin circumstellar disks, without invoking shepherding planets. If an enhancement of dust grains (e.g., due to a catastrophic collision) occurs somewhere in the disk, photoelectric emission from the grains can heat the gas to temperatures well above that of the dust. The gas orbits with super(sub)-Keplerian speeds inward (outward) of the associated pressure maximum. This tends to concentrate the grains into a narrow region. The rise in dust density leads to further heating and a stronger concentration of grains. A narrow dust ring forms as a result of this instability. We show that this mechanism not only operates around early-type stars that have high UV fluxes, but also around stars with spectral types as late as K. This implies that this process is generic and may have occurred during the lifetime of each circumstellar disk. We examine the stringent upper-limit on the H2 column density in the HR 4796A disk and find it to be compatible with the presence of a significant amount of hydrogen gas in the disk. We also compute the OI and CII infrared line fluxes expected from various debris disks and show that these will be easily detectable by the upcoming Herschel mission. Herschel will be instrumental in detecting and characterizing gas in these disks.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ; 14 pages, 7 figures
Solution for Large-scale Long-tailed Recognition with Noisy Labels
Creators: name: Xian, Yuqiao
name: Zhuang, Jia-Xin
name: Yu, Fufu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This is a technical report for CVPR 2021 AliProducts Challenge. AliProducts Challenge is a competition proposed for studying the large-scale and fine-grained commodity image recognition problem encountered by worldleading ecommerce companies. The large-scale product recognition simultaneously meets the challenge of noisy annotations, imbalanced (long-tailed) data distribution and fine-grained classification. In our solution, we adopt stateof-the-art model architectures of both CNNs and Transformer, including ResNeSt, EfficientNetV2, and DeiT. We found that iterative data cleaning, classifier weight normalization, high-resolution finetuning, and test time augmentation are key components to improve the performance of training with the noisy and imbalanced dataset. Finally, we obtain 6.4365% mean class error rate in the leaderboard with our ensemble model.
description: 3 pages