cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Self-organization of swimmers drives long-range fluid transport in bacterial colonies
Creators: name: Xu, Haoran
name: Dauparas, Justas
name: Das, Debasish
name: Lauga, Eric
name: Wu, Yilin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bacteria commonly live in structured communities that affect human health and influence ecological systems. Heterogeneous populations, such as motile and non-motile populations, often coexist in bacteria communities. Motile subpopulations in microbial communities are believed to be important to dispersal, quest for food, and material transport. However, except in circumstances where motile cells drive colony expansion (e.g. bacterial swarming), the physiological functions of motile subpopulations in bacterial communities are largely unclear. Here we discovered that motile cells in routinely cultured sessile colonies of peritrichously flagellated bacteria can self-organize into two adjacent, centimeter-scale motile rings surrounding the entire colony. The motile rings arise from spontaneous segregation of a homogeneous swimmer suspension that mimics a phase separation; the process is mediated by intercellular interactions and shear-induced depletion. As a result of this self-organization, cells drive fluid flows to circulate around the colony at a constant peak speed of approximately 30 microns per second, providing a stable and high-speed avenue for directed material transport at the macroscopic scale. These findings present a unique form of bacterial self-organization that influences population structure and material distribution in bacterial communities.
MOESM5 of Potential impact of climate change on the geographical distribution of two wild vectors of Chagas disease in Chile: Mepraia spinolai and Mepraia gajardoi
Creators: name: RubĂŠn Garrido
name: Bacigalupo, Antonella
name: PeĂąa-GĂłmez, Francisco
name: Bustamante, Ramiro
name: Cattan, Pedro
name: Gorla, David
name: Carezza Botto-Mahan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Table S2. Correlation matrix for bioclimatic variables used to model Mepraia spinolai potential distribution. Table S3. Correlation matrix for bioclimatic variables used to model Meparaia gajardoi potential distribution.
Entanglement and perfect quantum error correction
Creators: name: Schumacher, Benjamin
name: Westmoreland, Michael D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entanglement of formation gives a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a perfect quantum error correction procedure.
description: 10 pages, LaTeX
Liouville quantum gravity and the Brownian map I: the QLE ( 8 / 3, 0 ) metric
Creators: name: Miller, Jason
name: Sheffield, Scott
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article

description: Funder: University of Cambridge
description: Abstract: Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) and the Brownian map (TBM) are two distinct models of measure-endowed random surfaces. LQG is defined in terms of a real parameter γ, and it has long been believed that when γ=8/3, the LQG sphere should be equivalent (in some sense) to TBM. However, the LQG sphere comes equipped with a conformal structure, and TBM comes equipped with a metric space structure, and endowing either one with the other’s structure has been an open problem for some time. This paper is the first in a three-part series that unifies LQG and TBM by endowing each object with the other’s structure and showing that the resulting laws agree. The present work considers a growth process called quantum Loewner evolution (QLE) on a 8/3-LQG surface S and defines dQ(x, y) to be the amount of time it takes QLE to grow from x∈S to y∈S. We show that dQ(x, y) is a.s. determined by the triple (S, x, y) (which is far from clear from the definition of QLE) and that dQ a.s. satisfies symmetry (i.e., dQ(x, y)=dQ(y, x)) for a.a. (x, y) pairs and the triangle inequality for a.a. triples. This implies that dQ is a.s. a metric on any countable sequence sampled i.i.d. from the area measure on S. We establish several facts about the law of this metric, which are in agreement with similar facts known for TBM. The subsequent papers will show that this metric a.s. extends uniquely and continuously to the entire 8/3-LQG surface and that the resulting measure-endowed metric space is TBM.
Additional file 5 of The fruit morphometric variation and fruit type evolution of the stone oaks (Fagaceae, Lithocarpus)
Creators: name: Chen, Xi
name: Qin, Yuanyi
name: Jia, Dongrui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 5: Figure S5. Ancestral state reconstruction of pericarp and receptacle volume of 72 Lithocarpus species. Estimated ancestral morphometric values are coded by colored branches as explained in the legend within the figure. The species names of AC and ER-type species are colored by black and green respectively.
Phonon anomalies due to stripe collective modes in high T_c cuprates
Creators: name: Kaneshita, Eiji
name: Ichioka, Masanori
name: Machida, Kazushige
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phonon anomalies observed in various high $T_c$ cuprates by neutron experiments are analyzed theoretically in terms of the stripe concept. The phonon self-energy correction is evaluated by taking into account the charge collective modes of stripes, giving rise to dispersion gap, or kink and shadow phonon modes at twice the wave number of spin stripe. These features coincide precisely with observations. The gapped branches of the phonon are found to be in-phase and out-of-phase oscillations relative to the charge collective mode.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Rhotana aperta Zelazny & Webb 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Rhotana
Rhotana aperta

description: Rhotana aperta Zelazny, sp. nov.
(Fig. 200)
 Description. Forewings 1.7 times longer than wide, length: male 3.5–4.0 mm (mean = 3.8, n= 12), female about 3.9 mm. Colour stramineous to light brown; mesonotum dark brown, but scutellum, stramineous; legs stramineous, but tarsi dark brown. Forewings light brown, interrupted by clear areas, not powdered; a dark brown dot around last subcostal sector; a dark mark next to hindmargin, distad of claval tip; veins stramineous to light brown, but most veins orange to red in apical third. Hindwings with a brown mark around Ms1 and Ms2 containing a central, clear area; apex of clavus with a small mark; middle of hindwings and anterior tip faintly infuscated. Facial carinae contiguous up to lower margin of eyes; rostrum not reaching hind coxae; subantennal process and lateral carinae of pronotum little developed. Forewings with Sc+R fork well before middle of wing; Ms1 branched at end of its basal third; Ms1b merging for a short section with apical part of Cu1, a small triangle at base of Ms1. Pygofer of male genitalia with a short, pointed, lateral projections. Genital styles slightly widening towards end which is obliquely truncate; proximal dorsal process short, a small hump at its base; distal dorsal process elongated. Aedeagus with ventral side of apical part entire, dorsal side with foliaceous carinae, not reaching tip; tip pointed.
 Etymology. The species name is a Latin adjective (apertus, -a, -um = uncovered).
 Type material. Holotype ♂ (forewing 3.9 mm, body 2.4 mm), MALAYSIA: NORTH BORNEO; labels: 1) NORTH BORNEO (SE)/ Tawau, Quoin Hill / Cocoa Res. Sta./ 3.X.1962 2) Primary Forest / Y. Hirashima / BISHOP (BPBM). Paratypes. NORTH BORNEO (SE); Forest Camp, 19 km N. of Kalabakan, 60 m, 16.XI.1962, 1 ♀ (fw. 3.9), Y. Hirashima, Malaise trap; same locality as holotype, 3. VII – 3.X.1962, 12 ♂ (fw. 3.5, 3x3.6, 3x3.9, 4x4.0), 1 ♀ (fw. 3.9), Y. Hirashima and H. Holtmann, light and Malaise trap (all BPBM).
 Distribution. North Borneo.
 Diagnosis. Rhotana aperta shows some similarities to R. cribraria sp. nov., also found in Borneo, and to R. torrevillasi Zelazny from the Philippines. It can be recognized by the hindwings having a conspicuous brown mark with a round opening, by the basal parts of Sc, R, and M on the forewings being light brown, and by the male aedeagus having a pointed tip and lacking a lateral pointed process near its end.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on page 72
Improved Bethe-Heitler formula
Creators: name: Zhu, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bethe-Heitler formula describes bremsstrahlung and it's a typical and important example in quantum electromagnetic dynamics (QED). This formula is widely applied in many branches of physics and astrophysics. We find that the integrated bremsstrahlung cross section at the static approximation and high energy limit has an unexpected big increment, which is missed by previous bremsstrahlung theory. This anomalous effect also exists in electron-positron pair creation. We derive the relating formulas and point out that electromagnetic cascades at the top of atmosphere can test this effect.
description: 35 pages, 8 figures. A reviwed version and the title is changed. Accepted for publication on NPB
MOESM1 of Birth, expansion, and death of VCY-containing palindromes on the human Y chromosome
Creators: name: Wentao Shi
name: Massaia, Andrea
name: Louzada, Sandra
name: Handsaker, Juliet
name: Chow, William
name: McCarthy, Shane
name: Collins, Joanna
name: Hallast, Pille
name: Howe, Kerstin
name: Church, Deanna
name: Fengtang Yang
name: Yali Xue
name: Tyler-Smith, Chris
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Tandem duplication in HG01097. Figure S2. Tandem duplication in HG04131. Figure S3. Tandem duplication in NA18953. Figure S4. Fiber-FISH results for HG00707, HG01031 and HG00982. (PDF 689 kb)
What Affects First- and Second-Level Selective Exposure to Journalistic News? A Social Media Online Experiment
Creators: name: Ohme, Jakob
name: Mothes, Cornelia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: On social media, journalistic news products compete with entertainment-oriented and user-generated contents on two different stages of news use: First, users navigate their attention through a continuous stream of information in their newsfeed and, second, they potentially click on some of these posts to spend time with the actual full-contents. The present study conceptualizes these two types of news use behaviors in social media environments as first- and second-level selective exposure. Based on this new approach, we investigated main drivers of journalistic news exposure on both exposure levels in an online survey experiment before the German federal election in 2017 (N = 210). To achieve high ecological validity, we developed a Newsfeed Exposure Observer (NEO)-Framework to recreate realistic user settings for online experiments studying selective exposure in the digital era, where news posts are complemented by popularity cues like social endorsements or individual recommendations. Findings show that, at the first level of selective exposure, attention to journalistic news posts is particularly affected by political interest. However, the decision to click on posts in the newsfeed and to spend time with the linked contents seems more strongly driven by social factors than by individual predispositions.
Convention-independent study of CP-violating asymmetries in $B \to ππ$
Creators: name: Gronau, Michael
name: Rosner, Jonathan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CP-violating asymmetries in the decay $B^0(t)\to π^+ π^-$ are a potentially rich source of information about both strong and weak phases. In a previous treatment by the present authors use was made of an assumption about the relative magnitude of tree and penguin amplitudes contributing to this process. This assumption involved an ambiguity in relating the tree amplitude to the amplitude for $B \to π\ell ν$. It is shown here that one can avoid this assumption, which adopted a particular convention for tree and penguin amplitudes, and that the results are convention-independent.
description: 14 pages, LaTeX, 2 figures, revised version submitted to Phys. Rev. D. Further references and text added
Additional file 1 of Anastomotic leakage after resection of the rectosigmoid colon in primary ovarian cancer
Creators: name: Kim, Ji Hyun
name: Han, Won Ho
name: Lee, Dong-Eun
name: Kim, Sun Young
name: You, Kiho
name: Park, Sung Sil
name: Lee, Dong Woon
name: Seo, Sang-Soo
name: Kang, Sokbom
name: Park, Sang-Yoon
name: Lim, Myong Cheol
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Rhotana crassa Zelazny & Webb 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Rhotana
Rhotana crassa

description: Rhotana crassa Zelazny, sp. nov.
(Fig. 201)
 Description. Forewings 1.9 times longer than wide, length about 4.6 mm. Colour stramineous; tibiae faintly tinted with red; hind tarsi bright red; abdomen stramineous, the two segments preceding pygofer light orange. Forewings not powdered; some parts faintly yellowish-brown; a brown mark at apex of Cu1; a faint red mark around last subcostal sector; veins stramineous, but two short sections of costa, last subcostal sector, and apex of Sc bright red; apical parts of R, M, Ms3, and Ms4 tinted with red. Hindwings with a large dark brown mark around first median sector, and connected to it two smaller marks, one around second median sector, the other around apices of Cu and claval vein. Facial carinae contiguous up to lower level of eyes; rostrum short, not reaching hind coxae; subantennal processes and lateral carinae of pronotum poorly developed. Forewings with costal margin slightly -, apical section of Sc strongly sinuate; Sc+R fork just distad of basal third of forewings; Ms1 branched just distad of its basal third, Ms1b connected to apical part of Cu1 by a cross-vein, a small triangle at base of Ms1. Male genitalia with lateral projections of pygofer large, wide and rounded at the end; anal segment with a pair of short, lateral processes. Aedeagus short and very broad; the membranous end is partly covered by a rectangular plate.
 Etymology. The species name is a Latin adjective (crassus, -a, -um = thick).
 Type material. Holotype ♂ (forewing 4.6 mm, body 2.6 mm), MALAYSIA: NORTH BORNEO; labels: 1) BRITISH N. BORNEO / Tawau, Quoin Hill / Cocoa Res. Sta./ 17.IX.1962 2) Y. Hirashima / Light Trap / BISHOP (BPBM).
 Distribution. North Borneo.
 Diagnosis. Rhotana crassa shows similarities to R. latipennis Walker, R. sabaea sp. nov., and R. hirashimai sp. nov., all three also found in Borneo. It can be recognized by the bright red hind tarsi, the marks on the hindwings merging; the wide lateral projections of the male pygofer, and the short and broad male aedeagus which lacks a distinct apical part and any processes.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on pages 72-73
Proximity Between Citizens and Journalists as a Determinant of Trust in the Media. An Application to Italy
Creators: name: Splendore, Sergio
name: Curini, Luigi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This study presents an analysis of trust in types of media with an application to the Italian context. In particular, we focus on the role played by the ideological proximity between journalists’ and citizens’ political leanings while differentiating between traditional (press and TV) and new (internet and social networks) media. To do so, we assume, within the Hierarchy of Influences Model, that the individual level is increasingly influent in shaping news content. Then, we argue that because of the hybrid media system journalists political leaning are more apparent than ever. In such new environment, citizens have clear(er) knowledge about journalists’ main ideological leanings and that this becomes a crucial issue in affecting their attitude towards media in terms of trust, in particular the perception of citizens with respect to journalists’ honesty and fairness. The spatial theory of voting backs such assumption. To test our hypotheses, we use an original survey on a representative sample of Italian journalists conducted within the Worlds of Journalism Study Network framework to infer journalists’ distribution across a left to right ideological scale. We then contrast such data with data from the Eurobarometer survey to understand citizens’ political leanings and their attitudes toward news media.
Evaluating the effectiveness of anti-Nogo treatment in spinal cord injuries
Creators: name: Mohammed, Raihan
name: Opara, Kaesi
name: Lall, Rahul
name: Ojha, Utkarsh
name: Xiang, Jinpo
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Review
Axon
CNS
Regeneration
Myelin
Nogo

description: Abstract: As humans, we cannot regenerate axons within the central nervous system (CNS), therefore, making any damage to it permanent. This leads to the loss of sensory and motor function below the site of injury and can be crippling to a person’s health. Spontaneous recovery can occur from plastic changes, but it is minimal. The absence of regeneration is due to the inhibitory environment of the CNS as well as the inherent inability of CNS axons to form growth cones. Amongst many factors, one of the major inhibitory signals of the CNS environment is the myelin-associated Nogo pathway. Nogo-A, Nogo-B and Nogo-C (Nogo), stimulate the Nogo receptor, inhibiting neurite outgrowth by causing growth cones to collapse through activation of Rho Kinase (ROCK). Antibodies can be used to target this signalling pathway by binding to Nogo and thus promote the outgrowth of neuronal axons in the CNS. This use of anti-Nogo antibodies has been shown to upregulate CNS regeneration as well as drastically improve sensory and motor function in both rats and primates when coupled with adequate training. Here, we evaluate whether the experimental success of anti-Nogo at improving CNS regeneration can be carried over into the clinical setting to treat spinal cord injuries (SCI) and their symptoms successfully. Furthermore, we also discuss potential methods to improve the current treatment and any developmental obstacles.
hi_class: Background Evolution, Initial Conditions and Approximation Schemes
Creators: name: Bellini, Emilio
name: Sawicki, Ignacy
name: Zumalacárregui, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological datasets have great potential to elucidate the nature of dark energy and test gravity on the largest scales available to observation. Theoretical predictions can be computed with hi_class (www.hiclass-code.net), an accurate, fast and flexible code for linear cosmology, incorporating a wide range of dark energy theories and modifications to general relativity. We introduce three new functionalities into hi_class: (1) Support for models based on covariant Lagrangians, including a constraint-preserving integration scheme for the background evolution and a series of worked-out examples: Galileon, nKGB, quintessence (monomial, tracker) and Brans-Dicke. (2) Consistent initial conditions for the scalar-field perturbations in the deep radiation era, identifying the conditions under which modified-gravity isocurvature perturbations may grow faster than adiabatic modes leading to a loss of predictivity. (3) An automated quasistatic approximation scheme allowing order-of-magnitude improvement in computing performance without sacrificing accuracy for wide classes of models. These enhancements bring the treatment of dark energy and modified gravity models to the level of detail comparable to software tools restricted to standard $Λ$CDM cosmologies. The hi_class code is publicly available (https://github.com/miguelzuma/hi_class_public), ready to explore current data and prepare for next-generation experiments.
description: 35 pages + appendices, 11 figures. Updated discussions. Code available on https://github.com/miguelzuma/hi_class_public
MOESM2 of Birth, expansion, and death of VCY-containing palindromes on the human Y chromosome
Creators: name: Wentao Shi
name: Massaia, Andrea
name: Louzada, Sandra
name: Handsaker, Juliet
name: Chow, William
name: McCarthy, Shane
name: Collins, Joanna
name: Hallast, Pille
name: Howe, Kerstin
name: Church, Deanna
name: Fengtang Yang
name: Yali Xue
name: Tyler-Smith, Chris
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary notes for breakpoint identification. (PDF 4747 kb)
The Actor-Network Approach: Temporary Use in Planning Practice
Creators: name: Chang, Robin A.
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: actor-network theory
subject: temporary use
subject: Wuppertal
subject: Bremen
subject: Vancouver
subject: Seattle
subject: contingency
subject: 710

description: The research presented in this thesis study is a venture to explore the Actor-Network Theory (ANT) and the opportunities it offers to planning. Scientific and theoretical literature form planning theory and other fields of study outside of planning demonstrate implications ANT embodies as an ontological and methodological approach, but the contribution of such nature to planning practice is still lacking. By beginning with the origins and the purpose of ANT, this thesis extends qualitative research examining its contributions to planning by breaking the primary research aim down into three sub-questions. The first part of the thesis addresses existing contribution from ANT to planning theory and practice. This framing facilitates the section part of the study that employs Case Study and Narrative methods to illustrate ANT in the practice-based context of Temporary Use. Through four illustrative narratives, the elements and principles of ANT such as actants, black boxes, translations, inscriptions and overarching Translation Processes are identified and coded. The information from the case study narratives based in the German cities of Wuppertal (NRW), Bremen (HB), the Canadian city of Vancouver (BC) and American city of Seattle (WA) are synthesized to draw new insights for planning practice and also contribute to existing planning theory. The study’s findings support ANT as a useful tool to planning include descriptions and process analyses of contingency that emerges in temporary use events. More importantly the applied theoretical research details the four examples that narrate co-emergence of actants that as an assemblage are decisive to resulting cases for contingency. Through each case for contingency is an improved understanding of the complex change on urban environments reflected in the practices through which planners respond.
Beyond ranking nodes: Predicting epidemic outbreak sizes by network centralities
Creators: name: Bucur, Doina
name: Holme, Petter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Identifying important nodes for disease spreading is a central topic in network epidemiology. We investigate how well the position of a node, characterized by standard network measures, can predict its epidemiological importance in any graph of a given number of nodes. This is in contrast to other studies that deal with the easier prediction problem of ranking nodes by their epidemic importance in given graphs. As a benchmark for epidemic importance, we calculate the exact expected outbreak size given a node as the source. We study exhaustively all graphs of a given size, so do not restrict ourselves to certain generative models for graphs, nor to graph data sets. Due to the large number of possible nonisomorphic graphs of a fixed size, we are limited to 10-node graphs. We find that combinations of two or more centralities are predictive ($R^2$ scores of 0.91 or higher) even for the most difficult parameter values of the epidemic simulation. Typically, these successful combinations include one normalized spectral centralities (such as PageRank or Katz centrality) and one measure that is sensitive to the number of edges in the graph.
Efficacy and safety of subcutaneous infliximab versus adalimumab, etanercept and intravenous infliximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Caporali, Roberto
name: Allanore, Yannick
name: Alten, Rieke
name: Combe, Bernard
name: Durez, Patrick
name: Iannone, Florenzo
name: Nurmohamed, Mike T.
name: Lee, Sang Joon
name: Kwon, Taek Sang
name: Choi, Jean Soo
name: Park, Gahee
name: Yoo, Dae Hyun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: There are few comparative data for tumor necrosis factor inhibitors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Historical data for reference product/biosimilar intravenous infliximab, or adalimumab and etanercept, were pooled and compared with phase 3 study results for a subcutaneous (SC) formulation of the infliximab biosimilar CT-P13, in a systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD42019149621). The authors identified 13 eligible controlled trials that randomized over 5400 participants to prespecified treatments of interest. Comparison with pooled historical data suggested a numerical advantage for CT-P13 SC over intravenous infliximab for almost every prespecified efficacy outcome evaluated, including Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (C-reactive protein/erythrocyte sedimentation rate), Clinical/Simplified Disease Activity Index scores, American College of Rheumatology responses, and multiple measures of disease remission and low disease activity; for the majority of outcomes, there was no overlap in 95% confidence intervals between groups. A numerical advantage for CT-P13 SC was also observed for safety outcomes (adverse events, infections, and discontinuations). Similar, but less marked, trends were observed for comparison with historical efficacy and safety data for adalimumab/etanercept. CT-P13 SC offers an improved or similar benefit-to-harm ratio compared with infliximab (intravenous) and adalimumab/etanercept, for the treatment of moderate-to-severe RA.
Additional file 10 of The fruit morphometric variation and fruit type evolution of the stone oaks (Fagaceae, Lithocarpus)
Creators: name: Chen, Xi
name: Qin, Yuanyi
name: Jia, Dongrui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 10: Table S4. The distribution of 72 species from the plants of the world online ( https://powo.science.kew.org/ ).
Afro-Pessimist or Africa Rising? US Newspaper Coverage of Africa, 1994–2018
Creators: name: Bleich, Erik
name: Chugh, Mira
name: Goldstein, Adrienne
name: Pollard, Amelia
name: Vijayakumar, Varsha
name: A. Maurits Van Der Veen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Is media coverage of Africa systematically negative or increasingly positive? Several scholars have argued that too little empirical evidence exists to address the debate between “Afro-pessimist” and “Africa Rising” perspectives. We contribute to this discussion by analyzing 139,012 articles drawn from The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, and USA Today over the 25-year period between 1 January 1994 and 31 December 2018. We find modest support for the Afro-pessimist viewpoint: Articles mentioning Africa are negative on average, are even more negative during peak periods of coverage, and have not become more positive over time. In addition, we examine the thematic coverage most strongly associated with negativity and positivity. Stories that reference conflict, government, and specific African countries account for a significant portion of the negativity in our corpus. Conversely, stories related to culture and education constitute a subset of positive articles. Overall, our analysis not only sheds light on an ongoing debate about the tone of coverage of Africa, it also provides a better understanding of prevalent negative and positive thematic coverage in four major US newspapers.
Cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in pediatric pseudotumor cerebri syndrome
Creators: name: Lalou, Afroditi-Despina
name: McTaggart, James S.
name: Czosnyka, Zofia H.
name: Garnett, Matthew R
name: Krishnakumar, Deepa
name: Czosnyka, Marek
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Focus Session
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Pseudotumor cerebri
Intracranial pressure
CSF dynamics
CSF infusion studies

description: Funder: University of Cambridge
description: Abstract: Purpose: There is a growing body of evidence highlighting the importance of comprehensive intracranial pressure (ICP) values in pseudotumor cerebri syndrome (PTCS). Due to the highly dynamic nature of ICP, several methods of ICP monitoring have been established, including the CSF infusion study. We have performed a retrospective review of the CSF dynamics measurements for all pediatric patients investigated for PTCS in our center and examined their diagnostic value compared with clinical classification. Methods: We retrospectively recruited 31 patients under 16 years of age investigated for PTCS by CSF infusion test. We used the clinically provided Friedman classification 13/31 patients with definite PTCS (group A), 13/31 with probable PTCS (group B), and 5/31 not PTCS (group C), to compare CSF dynamics in the 3 groups. Results: CSF pressure (CSFp) was significantly increased in group A (29.18 ± 7.72 mmHg) compared with B (15.31 ± 3.47 mmHg; p = 1.644e-05) and C (17.51 ± 5.87; p = 0.01368). The amplitude (AMP) was higher in the definite (2.18 ± 2.06 mmHg) than in group B (0.68 ± 0.37; p = 0.01382). There was no in either CSFp or AMP between groups B and C. No lower breakpoint of the AMP-P line was observed in group A but was present in 2/13 and 2/5 patients in groups B and C. In group A, sagittal sinus pressure (SSp) and elasticity were the only parameters above threshold (p = 4.2e-06 and p = 0.001953, respectively), In group B, only the elasticity was significantly higher than the threshold (p = 004257). Group C did not have any of the parameters raised. The AUC of CSFp, elasticity, and SSp for the 3 groups was 93.8% (84.8–100% CI). Conclusions: Monitoring of CSFp and its dynamics, besides providing a more precise methodology for measuring CSFp, could yield information on the dynamic parameters of CSFp that cannot be derived from CSFp as a number, accurately differentiating between the clinically and radiologically derived entities of PTCS.
Limitations of light delay and storage times in EIT experiments with condensates
Creators: name: Roberts, D. C.
name: Gasenzer, T.
name: Burnett, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the limitations arising from atomic collisions on the storage and delay times of probe pulses in EIT experiments. We find that the atomic collisions can be described by an effective decay rate that limits storage and delay times. We calculate the momentum and temperature dependence of the decay rate and find that it is necessary to excite atoms at a particular momentum depending on temperature and spacing of the energy levels involved in order to minimize the decoherence effects of atomic collisions.
description: 4 pages RevTeX, 4 figures. Send correspondence to d.roberts1@physics.ox.ac.uk
Rhotana holtmanni Zelazny & Webb 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Rhotana
Rhotana holtmanni

description: Rhotana holtmanni Zelazny, sp. nov.
(Fig. 204)
 Description. Forewings 1.8 times longer than wide, length 4.8–5.8 mm. Colour stramineous to faintly orangebrown; mesonotum orange-brown, but lateral carinae and scutellum pale; abdomen light brown to light orangebrown. Forewings not powdered, faintly yellowish-brown, interrupted by clear areas; a diffuse, infuscated mark just before apex of Cu1 which varies in size and intensity of infuscation; a red or reddish-brown mark around last subcostal sector; veins stramineous but parts of Sc, R, and M red or tinted with orange-brown. Hindwings with a large, dark-brown, kidney-shaped mark bearing a white dot, and a smaller rounded mark next to it; both marks sometimes merged; faint infuscations in centre of hindwings and in front of larger mark. Facial carinae contiguous up to lower level of eyes; rostrum not quite reaching hind coxae; subantennal processes well -, lateral carinae of pronotum poorly developed. Forewings with costal margin slightly -, apical part of Sc strongly sinuate; Sc+R fork at end of basal third of wing; Ms1 branched at end of basal third, Ms1b connected to apical part of Cu1 by a crossvein; a triangle at base of Ms1. Male genitalia with pygofer bearing large, pointed, lateral projections; anal segment with a pair of lateral, finger-like processes bearing bristles. Aedeagus ending in two pointed processes, the dorsal one slightly turned to the left, the ventral one curved downwards and to the right.
 Etymology. The species is named for the collector and ' holtmanni ' is a latinized noun used in the genitive case.
 Type material. Holotype ♂ (forewing 4.8 mm, body 2.9 mm), EAST MALAYSIA: NORTH BORNEO; labels: 1) BRITISH N. BORNEO / Tawau, Quoin Hill / 8–7. VII.1962 2) H. Holtmann / Light trap / BISHOP (BPBM). Paratype. same location as holotype, but Cocoa Res. Sta., 6.IX.1962, Y. Hirashima, Malaise trap; Mt. Kinabalu, Tenompok, 1 ♂ (fw. 5.8), XI-2-'58, fannula of bamboo hut, T. C. Maa (all BPBM).
 Distribution. North Borneo.
 Diagnosis. Rhotana holtmanni shows similarities to R. trimaculata Distant from Sri Lanka. It can be distinguished from that species by the dark mark on the forewings at the tip of Cu1 and by the shape and position of the hindwing marks.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on pages 74-75
Charge-density waves in one-dimensional Hubbard superlattices
Creators: name: Paiva, Thereza
name: Santos, Raimundo R. dos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation of charge density waves (CDW's) in one-dimensional Hubbard superlattices, modeled by a repeated pattern of repulsive (U>0) and free (U=0) sites. By means of Lanczos diagonalizations for the ground state, we calculate the charge structure factor. Our results show that while the superlattice structure affects the modulation of the charge density waves, the periodicity can still be predicted through an effective density. We also show that, for a fixed repulsive layer thickness, the periodicity of the CDW is an oscillatory function of the free layer thickness.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Warring with the Press: The Influence of Elite Hostility, Emotions, and Perceptions of News Media Importance on Support for Journalism
Creators: name: Peifer, Jason T.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This experimental research effort highlights the mobilizing potential of elite hostility toward the press, examining causal mechanisms related to public support for the news media, as conditioned by perceptions of the news media’s importance. The study used a national sample (N = 330) to probe the influence of a “mashup” of video footage featuring President Donald Trump’s hostility toward the news media and, separately, the influence of footage depicting the Trump administration’s political activity. Employing the concept of elite cues, principles of appraisal theory, and the concept of Perceived News Media Importance (PNMI), the study demonstrates that exposure to elite hostility—in the mold of Donald Trump’s anti-media rhetoric—indirectly served as a catalyst for prompting intentions to support the press, via the elicitation of anger in response to the message exposure. Moreover, the indirect influence of exposure to Trump representations on press support was most pronounced when highly valuing journalism’s core normative functions (i.e., PNMI). A post-hoc analysis further confirms that perceptions of Trump posing a threat to the freedom of the press were positively associated with a willingness to express support for news media, as amplified by PNMI.
Additional file 9 of The fruit morphometric variation and fruit type evolution of the stone oaks (Fagaceae, Lithocarpus)
Creators: name: Chen, Xi
name: Qin, Yuanyi
name: Jia, Dongrui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 9: Table S3. The six fruit morphometrics estimated by Pappus-Guldinus Theorem.
MOESM4 of Potential impact of climate change on the geographical distribution of two wild vectors of Chagas disease in Chile: Mepraia spinolai and Mepraia gajardoi
Creators: name: RubĂŠn Garrido
name: Bacigalupo, Antonella
name: PeĂąa-GĂłmez, Francisco
name: Bustamante, Ramiro
name: Cattan, Pedro
name: Gorla, David
name: Carezza Botto-Mahan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S2. Flow diagram of the methods followed in this study.
Constraining the Gravitational-Wave Afterglow From a Binary Neutron Star Coalescence
Creators: name: Banagiri, Sharan
name: Coughlin, Michael W.
name: Clark, James
name: Lasky, Paul D.
name: Bizouard, M. A.
name: Talbot, Colm
name: Thrane, Eric
name: Mandic, Vuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binary neutron star mergers are rich laboratories for physics, accessible with ground-based interferometric gravitational-wave detectors such as the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. If a neutron star remnant survives the merger, it can emit gravitational waves that might be detectable with the current or next generation detectors. The physics of the long-lived post-merger phase is not well understood and makes modelling difficult. In particular the phase of the gravitational-wave signal is not well modelled. In this paper, we explore methods for using long duration post-merger gravitational-wave signals to constrain the parameters and the properties of the remnant. We develop a phase-agnostic likelihood model that uses only the spectral content for parameter estimation and demonstrate the calculation of a Bayesian upper limit in the absence of a signal. With the millisecond magnetar model, we show that for an event like GW170817, the ellipticity of a long-lived remnant can be constrained to less than about 0.5 in the parameter space used.
description: 6 pages, 4 figured
Diffractive Contribution to $A_\perp$ asymmetry
Creators: name: Goloskokov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider double spin asymmetries for longitudinally polarized leptons and transversally polarized protons in diffractive vector meson and $Q \bar Q$ production at high energy range on the basis of two-gluon model. The asymmetry predicted for meson production is quite small. Large asymmetry is expected for $Q \bar Q$ production.
description: 5 pages, latex, 2 figures, presented at X International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS2002), Cracow 30 April - 4 May 2002
Wearable electroencephalography for ultra-long-term seizure monitoring: a systematic review and future prospects
Creators: name: Nielsen, Jonas Munch
name: Rades, Dirk
name: Kjaer, Troels Wesenberg
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Wearable electroencephalography (EEG) for objective seizure counting might transform the clinical management of epilepsy. Non-EEG modalities have been validated for the detection of convulsive seizures, but there is still an unmet need for the detection of non-convulsive seizures. The main objective of this systematic review was to explore the current status on wearable surface- and subcutaneous EEG for long-term seizure monitoring in epilepsy. We included 17 studies and evaluated the progress on the field, including device specifications, intended populations, and main results on the published studies including diagnostic accuracy measures. Furthermore, we examine the hurdles for widespread clinical implementation. This systematic review and expert opinion both consults the PRISMA guidelines and reflects on the future perspectives of this emerging field. Wearable EEG for long-term seizure monitoring is an emerging field, with plenty of proposed devices and proof-of-concept clinical validation studies. The possible implications of these devices are immense including objective seizure counting and possibly forecasting. However, the true clinical value of the devices, including effects on patient important outcomes and clinical decision making is yet to be unveiled and large-scale clinical validation trials are called for.
Consensus statement from the International Consensus Meeting on the Role of Decompressive Craniectomy in the Management of Traumatic Brain Injury
Creators: name: Hutchinson, Peter J.
name: Kolias, Angelos G.
name: Tajsic, Tamara
name: Adeleye, Amos
name: Aklilu, Abenezer Tirsit
name: Apriawan, Tedy
name: Bajamal, Abdul Hafid
name: Barthélemy, Ernest J.
name: Devi, B. Indira
name: Bhat, Dhananjaya
name: Bulters, Diederik
name: Chesnut, Randall
name: Citerio, Giuseppe
name: Cooper, D. Jamie
name: Czosnyka, Marek
name: Edem, Idara
name: El-Ghandour, Nasser M.F.
name: Figaji, Anthony
name: Fountas, Kostas N.
name: Gallagher, Clare
name: Hawryluk, Gregory W.J.
name: Iaccarino, Corrado
name: Joseph, Mathew
name: Khan, Tariq
name: Laeke, Tsegazeab
name: Levchenko, Oleg
name: Liu, Baiyun
name: Liu, Weiming
name: Maas, Andrew
name: Manley, Geoffrey T.
name: Manson, Paul
name: Mazzeo, Anna T.
name: Menon, David K.
name: Michael, Daniel B.
name: Muehlschlegel, Susanne
name: Okonkwo, David O.
name: Park, Kee B.
name: Rosenfeld, Jeffrey V.
name: Rosseau, Gail
name: Rubiano, Andres M.
name: Shabani, Hamisi K.
name: Stocchetti, Nino
name: Timmons, Shelly D.
name: Timofeev, Ivan
name: Uff, Chris
name: Ullman, Jamie S.
name: Valadka, Alex
name: Waran, Vicknes
name: Wells, Adam
name: Wilson, Mark H.
name: Servadei, Franco
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Review Article - Conference Report
Neurosurgery
Neurotrauma
Decompression
Cranioplasty

description: Abstract: Background: Two randomised trials assessing the effectiveness of decompressive craniectomy (DC) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) were published in recent years: DECRA in 2011 and RESCUEicp in 2016. As the results have generated debate amongst clinicians and researchers working in the field of TBI worldwide, it was felt necessary to provide general guidance on the use of DC following TBI and identify areas of ongoing uncertainty via a consensus-based approach. Methods: The International Consensus Meeting on the Role of Decompressive Craniectomy in the Management of Traumatic Brain Injury took place in Cambridge, UK, on the 28th and 29th September 2017. The meeting was jointly organised by the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS), AO/Global Neuro and the NIHR Global Health Research Group on Neurotrauma. Discussions and voting were organised around six pre-specified themes: (1) primary DC for mass lesions, (2) secondary DC for intracranial hypertension, (3) peri-operative care, (4) surgical technique, (5) cranial reconstruction and (6) DC in low- and middle-income countries. Results: The invited participants discussed existing published evidence and proposed consensus statements. Statements required an agreement threshold of more than 70% by blinded voting for approval. Conclusions: In this manuscript, we present the final consensus-based recommendations. We have also identified areas of uncertainty, where further research is required, including the role of primary DC, the role of hinge craniotomy and the optimal timing and material for skull reconstruction.