cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Meta-Analysis of Graduated Driver Licensing Laws: Effectiveness of Specific Program Components [Traffic Tech]
Creators: name: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Publisher: name: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04gcfqs37
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2015
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97472
subject: Reviews
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90602
subject: Highway safety
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97461
subject: Periodicals

description: Graduated driver licensing (GDL) programs in the United States do not represent a single homogeneous intervention; rather, they contain different combinations and variations of program components. Programs vary by the duration of each stage of the GDL process, age restrictions imposed at each stage, nighttime and passenger restrictions, and supervised driving requirements. While research has suggested GDL is effective at reducing young driver crashes, results are not as clear about which specific program component variations are associated with the largest crash reductions.Studies on the effectiveness of GDL implementations have produced a substantial amount of data and analysis results. NHTSA used these data to conduct a meta-analysis in which the results of existing research were pooled to look for effects revealed by their combined power. As part of the metaanalysis process, researchers first screened studies of GDL programs for relevance and quality. Researchers then coded separate rate ratio effect sizes from the 14 selected studies to estimate the impact of overall GDL programs and variations of program components (referred to as GDL component “calibrations” from here forward) on 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20 yearolds’ total, injury, and fatal crash outcomes.The full technical report explains the meta-analysis methodology more completely together with all of the study results. This Traffic Tech focuses on the effectiveness of GDL component calibrations for reducing per capita crash rates for 16- and 17-year-olds when at least two effect sizes were available for a given analysis.
Input database related uncertainty of Biome-BGCMuSo agro-environmental model outputs
Creators: name: Fodor, Nándor
name: Pásztor, László
name: Szabó, Brigitta
name: Laborczi, Annamária
name: Pokovai, Klára
name: Hidy, Dóra
name: Hollós, Roland
name: Kristóf, Erzsébet
name: Kis, Anna
name: Dobor, Laura
name: Kern, Anikó
name: Grünwald, Thomas
name: Barcza, Zoltán
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Gridded model assessments require at least one climatic and one soil database for carrying out the simulations. There are several parallel soil and climate database development projects that provide sufficient, albeit considerably different, observation based input data for crop model based impact studies. The input database related uncertainty of the Biome-BGCMuSo agro-environmental model outputs was investigated using three and four different gridded climatic and soil databases, respectively covering an area of nearly 100.000 km2 with 1104 grid cells. Spatial, temporal, climate and soil database selection related variances were calculated and compared for four model outputs obtained from 30-year-long simulations. The choice of the input database introduced model output variability that was comparable to the variability the year-to-year change of the weather or the spatial heterogeneity of the soil causes. Input database selection could be a decisive factor in carbon sequestration related studies as the soil carbon stock change estimates may either suggest that the simulated ecosystem is a carbon sink or to the contrary a carbon source on the long run. Careful evaluation of the input database quality seems to be an inevitable and highly relevant step towards more realistic plant production and carbon balance simulations.
title: Countermeasures That Work, Seventh Edition [Traffic Tech]
Creators: name: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Publisher: name: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04gcfqs37
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2013
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97472
subject: Reviews
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90602
subject: Highway safety
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97461
subject: Periodicals

description: The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration has published the seventh edition of Countermeasures That Work. The guide is a basic reference to assist State Highway Safety Offices (SHSOs) in selecting effective, evidence-based countermeasures for traffic safety problem areas. These areas include: Alcohol-Impaired and Drugged Driving; Seat Belts and Child Restraints; Aggressive Driving and Speeding; Distracted and Drowsy Driving; Motorcycle Safety; Young Drivers; Older Drivers; Pedestrians; and Bicycles. This Traffic Tech describes the information included in the guide and new countermeasures that have been introduced in this edition.
title: Countermeasures That Work, Eighth Edition [Traffic Tech]
Creators: name: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Publisher: name: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04gcfqs37
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2016
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90848
subject: Drunk driving
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/93814
subject: Seat belts
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/93823
subject: Child restraint systems
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90686
subject: Speeding
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91871
subject: Road rage
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/108704
subject: Distracted driving
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/89342
subject: Motorcycle driving
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90658
subject: Motorcycle crashes
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91562
subject: Young adults
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91761
subject: Aged drivers
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91796
subject: Pedestrians
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91767
subject: Cyclists
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91765
subject: Motorcyclists
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90602
subject: Highway safety

description: The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration has published its eighth edition of Countermeasures That Work. The guide is a basic reference to assist State Highway Safety Offices (SHSOs) and other professionals interested in highway safety in selecting effective, evidence-based countermeasures for traffic safety problem areas. The guide: describes major strategies and countermeasures that are relevant to SHSOs; summarizes strategy and countermeasure use, effectiveness, costs, and implementation time; and provides references to the most important research summaries and individual studies.
Perturbation theory of the dynamic inverse spin Hall effect with charge conservation
Creators: name: Hosono, Kazuhiro
name: Takeuchi, Akihito
name: Tatara, Gen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present gauge-invariant theory of the dynamic inverse spin Hall effect driven by the spin--orbit interaction in metallic systems. Charge conservation is imposed diagrammatically by including vertex corrections. We show the charge current is induced by an effective electric field that is proportional to the spin current pumped by the magnetization dynamics. The result is consistent with recent experiments.
description: 16pages, 5figures
Peculiarities of sub-barrier fusion with quantum diffusion approach
Creators: name: Sargsyan, V. V.
name: Adamian, G. G.
name: Antonenko, N. V.
name: Scheid, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the quantum diffusion approach the unexpected behavior of fusion cross section, angular momentum, and astrophysical S-factor at sub-barrier energies has been revealed. Out of the region of short-range nuclear interaction and action of friction at turning point the decrease rate of the cross section under the barrier becomes smaller. The calculated results for the reactions with spherical nuclei are in a good agreement with the existing experimental data.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 2 of Prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants and young children in China
Creators: name: Huang, Ying
name: Tan, Serene Yaling
name: Parikh, Panam
name: Buthmanaban, Vanitha
name: Rajindrajith, Shaman
name: Benninga, Marc Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Neuroscience
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Mental Health

description: Additional file 2: Table 2. Early life factors and infant feeding practices against FGIDs. Associations between early life factors and infant feeding practices against FGIDs.
Equilibrium properties of disordered spin models with two scale interactions
Creators: name: Raymond, Jack
name: Saad, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Methods for understanding classical disordered spin systems with interactions conforming to some idealized graphical structure are well developed. The equilibrium properties of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model, which has a densely connected structure, have become well understood. Many features generalize to sparse Erdos-Renyi graph structures above the percolation threshold, and to Bethe lattices when appropriate boundary conditions apply. In this paper we consider spin states subject to a combination of sparse strong interactions with weak dense interactions, which we term a composite model. The equilibrium properties are examined through the replica method, with exact analysis of the high temperature paramagnetic, spin glass and ferromagnetic phases by perturbative schemes. We present results of a replica symmetric variational approximations where perturbative approaches fail at lower temperature. Results demonstrate novel reentrant behaviors from spin glass to ferromagnetic phases as temperature is lowered, including transitions from replica symmetry broken to replica symmetric phases. The nature of high temperature transitions is found to be sensitive to the connectivity profile in the sparse sub-graph, with regular connectivity a discontinuous transition from the paramagnetic to ferromagnetic phases is apparent.
description: 44 pages, 12 figures, expansion of ECCS2008 Conference submission
title: 2012 National Survey on Bicyclist and Pedestrian Attitudes and Behavior [Traffic Tech]: Technology Transfer Series
Creators: name: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Publisher: name: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04gcfqs37
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2013
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97433
subject: Surveys
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91767
subject: Cyclists
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91796
subject: Pedestrians
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/93023
subject: Bikeways
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/93034
subject: Walkways
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88245
subject: Travel behavior
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91865
subject: Attitudes

description: In 2012, NHTSA conducted a national telephone survey to obtain a status report on attitudes, knowledge, and behavior related to outdoor walking and bicycling. This study updates national telephone survey data collected by NHTSA in 2002. The survey addressed safety and mobility issues; obtained trip information; and explored perceptions and use of public facilities such as sidewalks, bicycle lanes, and bicycle paths. The survey was administered to a probability-based sample of randomly selected people 16 and older. The field interviewing began July 12, 2012, and concluded November 18, 2012. A total of 7,509 respondents completed the interview, 5,297 using a landline telephone when responding and 2,212 using a cell phone. The data were weighted to produce national estimates.
Will the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope detect extra-solar planetesimals entering the solar system?
Creators: name: Moro-Martin, Amaya
name: Turner, Edwin L.
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planetesimal formation is a common by-product of the star formation process. Taking the dynamical history of the Solar system as a guideline -- in which the planetesimal belts were heavily depleted due to graviational perburbation with the giant planets -- and assuming similar processes have take place in other planetary systems, one would expect the interestellar space to be filled with extra-solar planetesimals. However, not a single one of these objects has been detected so far entering the Solar system, even though it would clearly be distinguishable from a Solar system comet due to its highly hyperbolic orbit. The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) will provide wide coverage maps of the sky to a very high sensitivity, ideal to detect moving objects like comets, both active and inactive. In anticipation of these observations, we estimate how many inactive "interstellar comets" might be detected during the duration of the survey. The calculation takes into account estimates (from observations and models) of the number density of stars, the amount of solids available to form planetesimals, the frequency of planet and planetesimal formation, the efficiency of planetesimal ejection, and the possible size distribution of these small bodies.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures, accepted to ApJ
Additional file 3 of Prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants and young children in China
Creators: name: Huang, Ying
name: Tan, Serene Yaling
name: Parikh, Panam
name: Buthmanaban, Vanitha
name: Rajindrajith, Shaman
name: Benninga, Marc Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Neuroscience
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Mental Health

description: Additional file 3: Table 3.Socio-demographiccharacteristics against FGIDs. Association between socio-demographiccharacteristics against FGIDs.
Vanishing of vacuum states and blow-up phenomena of the compressible Navier-Stokes equations
Creators: name: Li, Hai-Liang
name: Li, Jing
name: Xin, Zhouping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Navier-Stokes systems for compressible fluids with density-dependent viscosities are considered in the present paper. These equations, in particular, include the ones which are rigorously derived recently as the Saint-Venant system for the motion of shallow water, from the Navier-Stokes system for incompressible flows with a moving free surface [14]. These compressible systems are degenerate when vacuum state appears. We study initial-boundary-value problems for such systems for both bounded spatial domains or periodic domains. The dynamics of weak solutions and vacuum states are investigated rigorously. First, it is proved that the entropy weak solutions for general large initial data satisfying finite initial entropy exist globally in time. Next, for more regular initial data, there is a global entropy weak solution which is unique and regular with well-defined velocity field for short time, and the interface of initial vacuum propagates along particle path during this time period. Then, it is shown that for any global entropy weak solution, any (possibly existing) vacuum state must vanish within finite time. The velocity (even if regular enough and well-defined) blows up in finite time as the vacuum states vanish. Furthermore, after the vanishing of vacuum states, the global entropy weak solution becomes a strong solution and tends to the non-vacuum equilibrium state exponentially in time.
Viis aastat rinnavähi sõeluuringuid Eestis: organiseeritud sõeluuringuprogrammi kujunemine ja esimesed tulemused
Creators: name: Aasmaa, Auni
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2007
Subjects: rinnavähk, skriining, rinnavähi sõeluuring, mammograafia

description: Rinnavähi avastamiseks kasutatakse mammograafilist sõeluuringut, mille eesmärgiks on haiguse diagnoosimine uuritaval sihtrühmal varajastes staadiumites ning selle haiguse adekvaatne ravi. Eestis 2002. aastal alustatud projektist on välja kasvanud riiklik programm, mille käigus aastatel 2002–2005 uuriti 45–59aastaseid ja alates 2006. a 50–59aastaseid ravikindlustusega naisi. Sõeluuringu metoodika on järk-järgult viidud vastavusse rahvusvaheliste nõuetega ning praegu diagnoositakse Eestis umbes viiendik rinnavähi esmasjuhtudest sõeluuringutel, millest 75,5% on olnud varajases staadiumis, võrreldes sõeluuringu eelse 41,1%ga.


Eesti Arst 2007; 86 (11): 804–808
description: Eesti Arst, November 2007
title: Landbouw
Creators: name: Van Bogaert, Tom
name: Stubbe, Frank
name: Vanderheiden, Stijn
name: Demuynck, Els
name: Platteau, Jonathan
name: Sandra, Matthias
name: Dauwe, Steven
name: Danckaert, Sylvie, S.
Publisher: name: Flanders Marine Institute
Year: 2023

description: Title : Compendium voor Kust en Zee = Compendium for Coast and Sea. Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee (VLIZ): Oostende. ISSN 2983-5526; e-ISSN 2983-5534 Volume : 2023 Issue : Pagination : 1-14
title: Results from the 2014 Drug and Alcohol Testing Survey: Analysis Brief
Creators: name: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
Publisher: name: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01jt5mq34
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2016
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90891
subject: Alcohol tests
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90842
subject: Alcohol use
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97322
subject: Data collection
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91739
subject: Drivers
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90890
subject: Drug tests
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90826
subject: Drug use
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91760
subject: Drugged drivers
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90848
subject: Drunk driving
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97423
subject: Field studies
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/96840
subject: Methodology
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97115
subject: Trend (Statistics)

description: This report summarizes the results of the 2014 Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) Drug and Alcohol Testing Survey. This annual survey measures the percentage of commercial driver’s license (CDL) drivers who test positive for controlled substances (herein referred to as drugs) and/or alcohol, as a result of random and non-random (i.e., pre-employment, post-crash, and reasonable suspicion/follow-up) testing.
Isospin Constraints on the Parametric Coupling Model for Nuclear Matter
Creators: name: Marranghello, Guilherme F.
name: Providência, Constança
name: Santos, Alexandre M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make use of isospin constraints to study the parametric coupling model and the properties of asymmetric nuclear matter. Besides the usual constraints for nuclear matter - effective nucleon mass and the incompressibility at saturation density - and the neutron star constraints - maximum mass and radius - we have studied the properties related with the symmetry energy. These properties have constrained to a small range the parameters of the model. We have applied our results to study the thermodynamic instabilities in the liquid-gas phase transition as well as the neutron star configurations.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Rinnavähi sõeluuringul mitteosalenud naiste teadlikkus rinnavähist ja rinnavähi sõeluuringust. Sõeluuringul mitteosalemise põhjused
Creators: name: Aasmaa, Auni
name: Mägi, Lya
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2007
Subjects: rinnavähk, rinnavähi sõeluuring, mammograafia

description: Naiste haigestumine rinnavähki on viimastel aastakümnetel sagenenud kõikjal maailmas. Eri riikides on juba mitukümmend aastat tehtud kindlas vanuses naistele rinnavähi varajases staadiumis avastamiseks ja suremuse vähendamiseks mammograafilist sõeluuringut. Eestis alustati rinnavähi ülemaalise sõeluuringuga 2002. aastal. Suurimaks probleemiks on naiste vähene uuringust osavõtt, mis on esimesel neljal aastal
jäänud alla 50%.


Eesti Arst 2007; 86 (11): 809–813
description: Eesti Arst, November 2007
A FUSE Survey of the Rotation Rates of Very Massive Stars in the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds
Creators: name: Penny, Laura R.
name: Gies, Douglas R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present projected rotational velocity values for 97 Galactic, 55 SMC, and 106 LMC O-B type stars from archival FUSE observations. The evolved and unevolved samples from each environment are compared through the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to determine if the distribution of equatorial rotational velocities is metallicity dependent for these massive objects. Stellar interior models predict that massive stars with SMC metallicity will have significantly reduced angular momentum loss on the main sequence compared to their Galactic counterparts. Our results find some support for this prediction but also show that even at Galactic metallicity, evolved and unevolved massive stars have fairly similar fractions of stars with large V sin i values. Macroturbulent broadening that is present in the spectral features of Galactic evolved massive stars is lower in the LMC and SMC samples. This suggests the processes that lead to macroturbulence are dependent upon metallicity.
MPEC 2023-X294 : 2023 XO13
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 XO13

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Võimestamine ja võimestumine – mõisteanalüüs
Creators: name: Aro, Ilme
name: Puusepp, Kristi
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2007
Subjects: võimestamine, võimestumine, mõisteanalüüs, empowerment

description: Empowerment on ingliskeelne termin, mida on juba aastakümneid kasutatud eri valdkondades, sealhulgas ka tervishoius. Eestikeelsetes allikates on alates 2000. a kasutatud mõistet “võimestamine”. Kahjuks on termini sisu ebaselge nii eesti- kui ka ingliskeelses kirjanduses ning seda ei ole siiani ühemõtteliselt defineeritud. Kasutades Walkeri ja Avanti mõisteanalüüsi meetodit, uuriti mõistete “võimestamine” ja “võimestumine” sisu selgemaks tegemiseks, täpsustamiseks ning defineerimiseks eesti- ja ingliskeelseid sõnaraamatuid, teatmeteoseid ja erialakirjandust.


Eesti Arst 2007; 86 (10): 736–743
description: Eesti Arst, Oktoober 2007
Characterization of transformations preserving rank two tensors of a tensor product space
Creators: name: Moore, Carolyn Fay
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Let U⊗V be a tensor product space over an algebraically closed field F ; let dim U = m and dim V = n ; let T be a linear transformation on U⊗V such that T preserves rank two tensors. We show that T preserves rank one tensors and this enables us to characterize T for all values of m and n.
title: A Nietzschean approach to key Islamic paradigms
Creators: name: Jackson, Roy Ahmad
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2003

description: For more than a thousand years, Islam has been the hostile `other' of the West. Not only does the West feel threatened by Islam, but also many Muslims feel threatened by the West. The dialectical relationship between Islam and the West has gained a new impetus since the destruction of the twin towers of the World Trade Centre in Manhattan on September I Ith, 2001. A central issue in this dialectic is what is perceived and understood by `Islam' by both Muslims themselves and by non-Muslims. Whilst conflict may suggest support for Samuel Huntington's `Clash of Civilisations' thesis, with Islam as the prime candidate for this clash, this thesis will aim to show that such a clash is a consequence of only one of many understandings of Islamic identity. Islam and the West, it will be argued, are not as incompatible in a civilisational or ideological context as history might suggest. Compatibility can be better appreciated by examining what are regarded by Muslims as key paradigms that make up Islamic identity: that of the Qur'an, Muhammad, Medina as the first `Islamic state', and the four `rightly-guided' (rashidun) caliphs. To be Muslim is to accept certain archetypes as central to belief. This is not what is in contention. However, what is a matter of contention is how one approaches these paradigms, particularly amongst such renowned Islamic revivalist scholars as Mawlana Mawdudi, Muhammad Iqbal, Sayyid Qutb, and Jamal alDin Afghani. This thesis argues that the approach has been dominated by what is termed the `Transhistorical': mythologizing the paradigms to the extent that they have become `idols' which its adherents are unwilling to question or even, if necessary, to shatter. The Muslim philosopher Mawlana Mawdudi will be represented as symbolising this Transhistorical approach. However, another approach can be usefully adopted, that of the Historical, that perceives the paradigms within the context of time and place, thus allowing for flexibility of constant renewal and reassessment. The German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche can be helpfully employed in examining the Historical approach. Whilst Nietzsche rarely spoke specifically about Islam, his admiration for it as a religion is in sharp contrast to his criticism of Christianity. Whilst Nietzsche was addressing an audience of a different culture and age, this thesis aims to show that his philosophy can make an important contribution to the dialectical understanding between Islam and the West. `Returning' to Islam in what is perceived as its Golden Age is nothing original nor would be seen by Islamists as unorthodox. However, Nietzsche's own originality, creativity, and psychological, philological and historical insights allow for a fresh and enlightening approach to key Islamic paradigms that show that Islam and the West are quite capable of ideological and civilisational reconciliation.
The correlation of fractal structures in the photospheric and the coronal magnetic field
Creators: name: Dimitropoulou, M.
name: Georgoulis, M.
name: Isliker, H.
name: Vlahos, L.
name: Anastasiadis, A.
name: Strintzi, D.
name: Moussas, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work examines the relation between the fractal properties of the photospheric magnetic patterns and those of the coronal magnetic fields in solar active regions.Our results show no correlation between the fractal dimensions of the observed 2d photospheric structures and the extrapolated unstable volumes in the corona, when nonlinear force-free extrapolation is used. This result is independent of efforts to (1) bring the photospheric magnetic fields closer to a nonlinear force-free equilibrium and (2) omit the lower part of the modeled magnetic field volume that is almost completely filled by unstable volumes. A significant correlation between the fractal dimensions of the photospheric and coronal magnetic features is only observed at the zero level (lower limit) of approximation of a current-free (potential) magnetic field extrapolation. We conclude that the complicated transition from photospheric non-force-free fields to coronal force-free ones hampers any direct correlation between the fractal dimensions of the 2d photospheric patterns and their 3d counterparts in the corona at the nonlinear force-free limit.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, 7 tables. Astronomy & Astrophysics (in press)
CONDUCTING LESSONS IN INVENTIVE METHODS
Creators: name: NASIROV ILXAM ZAKIROVICH
name: NURDINOV MURODALI ALIJONOVICH
name: GAFFAROV MUKHAMMADZOKIR TOSHTEMIROVICH
name: XAYDAROV MURODJON AKBARALIYEVICH
name: TO'RABOYEV HOLMUROD RUSTAMJON O'G'LI
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Teacher, Student, Idea, Method, Creative Activity, Problem, Task, Participant, Stage, Idea, Interest.

description: Abstract

The brainstorming method includes the opportunity to combine the efforts of several people and develop each other's ideas. Using the brainstorming method has the following advantages: development, creative and analytical thinking, communication skills, fantasy and imagination, positive, adequate criticism.
Venoosne trombemboolia
Creators: name: Sinisalu, Väino
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2007

description: Venoosne trombemboolia (VT) on sage tüsistus pärast traumat ja operatsiooni, samuti esineb seda haigetel, kel on pahaloomulised kasvajad, lümfoproliferatiivsed haigused, südame- ja hingamispuudulikkus või kel kujunevad põhihaigustest tingituna pikaaegsed liikumishäired. Haiguse risk on suurem vanemaealistel inimestel. Oluline on selgitada konkreetse haige VT riskitegurid ja rakendada õigel ajal adekvaatseid ravivõtteid ning primaarset ja sekundaarset profülaktikat. Nüüdisajal on tõestatud antikoagulantravi tõhusus VT raviks ja profülaktikaks – üha laiemat kasutamist leiavad väikse molekul-kaaluga hepariinipreparaadid.


Eesti Arst 2007; 86 (10): 725–728
description: Eesti Arst, Oktoober 2007
Emergence of heterogeneity and political organization in information exchange networks
Creators: name: Guttenberg, Nicholas
name: Goldenfeld, Nigel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple model of the emergence of the division of labor and the development of a system of resource subsidy from an agent-based model of directed resource production with variable degrees of trust between the agents. The model has three distinct phases, corresponding to different forms of societal organization: disconnected (independent agents), homogeneous cooperative (collective state), and inhomogeneous cooperative (collective state with a leader). Our results indicate that such levels of organization arise generically as a collective effect from interacting agent dynamics, and may have applications in a variety of systems including social insects and microbial communities.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Südame-veresoonkonnahaigused. Kas need on välditavad?
Creators: name: Teesalu, Rein
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2007
Subjects: südame-veresoonkonnahaigused, levik, riskitegurid, elustiil, ravi

description: Südame-veresoonkonnahaigused (SVH) on sagedaimaks surmapõhjuseks Euroopas ning nende haiguste ravi kulutused järjest kasvavad. Oluliselt on paranenud arusaamad SVH patogeneesist ja vältimise võima  lustest. Elukäiguline lähenemisviis SVH-le on näidanud, et nii prenataalse, varajase postnataalse kui ka hilisemate keskkonna ja sotsiaalsete tegurite mõju haiguste tekkele võib olla oluline, kuigi täpsemad toimemehhanismid ei ole selged. Dieedi ja elustiili osa südame-veresoonkonnahaiguste kujunemises on paremini
uuritud ning välja on töötatud ka vastavad soovitused. Sellegipoolest on nüüdisaegse tõendus põhise ravi rakendamine südameveresoonkonnahaiguste ärahoidmisel, inimeste elukvaliteedi parandamisel ja suremuse vähendamisel olulise tähendusega.


Eesti Arst 2007; 86 (10): 719–723
description: Eesti Arst, Oktoober 2007
Aktuelle Forschung in der Gartenbauökonomie : Digitalisierung und Automatisierung ‒ Welche Chancen und Herausforderungen ergeben sich für den Gartenbau? Tagungsband zum 3. Symposium für Ökonomie im Gartenbau am 15. November 2019 in Freising / Weihenstephan
Creators: name: Dirksmeyer, Walter
name: Menrad, Klaus
name: Dirksmeyer, Walter
name: Menrad, Klaus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Horticultural economics
subject: digitization
subject: automation
subject: horticulture 4.0
subject: sustainability

description: The third Symposium of Economics in Horticulture was organized by the Department of Horticulture and Food Technology at Weihenstephan-Triesdorf University of Applied Sciences and the Thünen- Institute of Farm Economics. It took place at the 15th of November 2019 at Weihenstephan- Triesdorf University of Applied Sciences in Freising / Weihenstephan. During the first part of the symposium, the theme "Digitization and automation – what opportunities and challenges arise for horticulture?" was addressed in invited keynotes from research and horticultural practice. Also, in this context, the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) and the Federal Agency for Agriculture and Food (BLE) reported on the current status of innovation funding for Horticulture 4.0. The respective projects will be running until 2022 or 2023. The second major focus of the symposium were ten presentations on recent and ongoing research in horticultural economics. These contributions addressed the research fields "Marketing and sale of horticultural products" and "Farm economics in horticulture". In both thematic blocks, sustainability aspects played a major role. In the first block, for example, the demand for fair trade roses was analyzed or the question of whether insect protection in horticulture has a positive effect on sales was addressed, while in the second block case studies on food waste in the fruit and vegetable sectors were presented and projects on emission free soft fruit production and the economic effects of reducing the use of peat in horticulture were presented. In addition, the inter-company comparison in horticulture 4.0 was introduced and a paper on the reputation of German horticulture was discussed. In this Thünen Report 89 the symposium papers are presented.
description: DOI:10.3220/REP1634803385000
Mass transfer in eccentric binaries: the new Oil-on-Water SPH technique
Creators: name: Church, Ross P.
name: Dischler, Johann
name: Davies, Melvyn B.
name: Tout, Christopher A.
name: Adams, Tim
name: Beer, Martin E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To measure the onset of mass transfer in eccentric binaries we have developed a two-phase SPH technique. Mass transfer is important in the evolution of close binaries, and a key issue is to determine the separation at which mass transfer begins. The circular case is well understood and can be treated through the use of the Roche formalism. To treat the eccentric case we use a newly-developed two phase system. The body of the donor star is made up from high-mass "water" particles, whilst the atmosphere is modelled with low-mass "oil" particles. Both sets of particles take part fully in SPH interactions. To test the technique we model circular mass-transfer binaries containing a 0.6 Msun donor star and a 1 Msun white dwarf; such binaries are thought to form cataclysmic variable (CV) systems. We find that we can reproduce a reasonable CV mass-transfer rate, and that our extended atmosphere gives a separation that is too large by aproximately 16%, although its pressure scale height is considerably exaggerated. We use the technique to measure the semi-major axis required for the onset of mass transfer in binaries with a mass ratio of q=0.6 and a range of eccentricities. Comparing to the value obtained by considering the instantaneous Roche lobe at pericentre we find that the radius of the star required for mass transfer to begin decreases systematically with increasing eccentricity.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, accepted by MNRAS
A decomposition of waves in time series of data related to Covid-19, applied to study the role of Alpha variant in the spread of infection
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Time-series Decomposition
Weibull functions
kappa-Weibull functions
Threshold
Variants of Sars-CoV-2
Covid-19
Alpha Variant
B.1.1.7

description: Here it is proposed a decomposition in components of the “waves” which appear in the time series of data related to Covid-19 pandemic. The decomposition is based on functions of κ-statistics; in particular the κ-Weibull is used. Fitted data are those of the “waves” ranging from August 2020 to April 2021 in the United Kingdom, from September 2020 to May 2021 in Ireland, and from September 2020 to June 2021 in Italy. For the United Kingdom, the time series of daily infection shows a wave composed by two peaks. Among the many factors involved in the spread of infection, it seems that, in driving the onset of the second peak, the main role was played by the emergence of Alpha variant of Sars-Cov-2. For what concerns data from Ireland, if we decompose the analysed “wave” in three components, we can observed that for one of them the role of the Alpha variant was relevant for sure. In the case of Italy, the effect is less evident, because it was spread over a larger time interval.
description: October 28, 2021, added discussion – October 29, 2021, added analysis of data concerning Ireland – October 30, 2021, added analysis of data concerning London – November 3, 2021, added references
Rosaatsea ja perioraalne dermatiit
Creators: name: Silm, Helgi
name: Abram, Kristi
name: Oona, Marje
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2007
Subjects: rosaatsea, etioloogia, patogenees, ravi, perioraalne dermatiit

description: Rosaatsea on sage ebaselge põhjusega krooniline nahahaigus, mis haarab näo tsentraalseid alasid. Diagnoosiks on vajalik ühe või mitme primaarse tunnuse olemasolu: õhetus, transitoorne erüteem, paapulid ja pustulid või teleangiektaasiad. NRSEC klassifikatsiooni järgi jaotatakse rosaatsea nelja alatüüpi. Artiklis on antud ülevaade haiguse epidemioloogiast, etioloogiast, patogeneesist ja ravimeetoditest, kasutades Tartu Ülikooli raamatukogu elektroonilisest andmebaasist kättesaadavaid artikleid.


Eesti Arst 2007; 86 (10): 729–735
description: Eesti Arst, Oktoober 2007
Statistics of Random Permutations and the Cryptanalysis Of Periodic Block Ciphers
Creators: name: Courtois, Nicolas T.
name: Bard, Gregory V.
name: Ault, Shaun V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 94A60

description: A block cipher is intended to be computationally indistinguishable from a random permutation of appropriate domain and range. But what are the properties of a random permutation? By the aid of exponential and ordinary generating functions, we derive a series of collolaries of interest to the cryptographic community. These follow from the Strong Cycle Structure Theorem of permutations, and are useful in rendering rigorous two attacks on Keeloq, a block cipher in wide-spread use. These attacks formerly had heuristic approximations of their probability of success. Moreover, we delineate an attack against the (roughly) millionth-fold iteration of a random permutation. In particular, we create a distinguishing attack, whereby the iteration of a cipher a number of times equal to a particularly chosen highly-composite number is breakable, but merely one fewer round is considerably more secure. We then extend this to a key-recovery attack in a "Triple-DES" style construction, but using AES-256 and iterating the middle cipher (roughly) a million-fold. It is hoped that these results will showcase the utility of exponential and ordinary generating functions and will encourage their use in cryptanalytic research.
description: 20 pages
Is cold gas fuelling the radio galaxy NGC 315?
Creators: name: Morganti, R.
name: Peck, A. B.
name: Oosterloo, T. A.
name: van Moorsel, G.
name: Capetti, A.
name: Fanti, R.
name: Parma, P.
name: de Ruiter, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present WSRT, VLA and VLBI observations of the HI absorption in the radio galaxy NGC 315. The main result is that two HI absorbing systems are detected against the central region. In addition to the known highly redshifted, very narrow component, we detect relatively broad (FWZI 150 km/s) absorption. This broad component is redshifted by ~80 km/s compared to the systemic velocity, while the narrow absorption is redshifted ~ 490 km/s. Both HI absorption components are spatially resolved at the pc-scale of the VLBI observations. The broad component shows strong gradients in density (or excitation) and velocity along the jet. We conclude that this gas is physically close to the AGN, although the nature of the gas resulting in the broad absorption is not completely clear. The possibility that it is entrained by the radio jet appears unlikely. Gas located in a thick circum-nuclear toroidal structure cannot be completely ruled out although it appears difficult to reconcile with the observed morphology and kinematics of the HI. A perhaps more likely scenario is that the gas producing the broad absorption could be (directly or indirectly) connected with the fuelling of the AGN, i.e. gas that is falling into the nucleus. If this is the case, the accretion rate derived is similar to that found for other X-ray luminous elliptical galaxies, although lower than that derived from the radio core luminosity for NGC 315. The density distribution of the narrow component is, featureless. Moreover, we detect a small amount of HI in emission a few kpc SW of the AGN, coincident with faint optical absorption features and at velocities very similar to the narrow absorption. This suggests that the gas causing the narrow absorption is not close to the AGN and is more likely caused by clouds falling into NGC 315.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 9 pages, 6 figures
Raynaud’ fenomen
Creators: name: Kannel, Karin
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2007
Subjects: Raynaud’ fenomen, patogenees, kliiniline pilt, uuringud, ravi

description: Raynaud’ fenomen on temperatuurimuutustele tundlikel inimestel esinev episoodiline vasospasmist tingitud ebamugavustunne ja nahavärvuse muutus sõrmede ning varvaste piirkonnas. Primaarne Raynaud’ fenomen on üldjuhul healoomulise kuluga ning enamikul juhtudel diagnoositav anamneesi alusel. Sekundaarne Raynaud’ fenomen, mis kaasneb kõige sagedamini süsteemsete sidekoehaigustega, on aga tõsisema prognoosiga ning õigeaegne diagnoos võimaldab ravi alustamist enne tõsisemate tüsistuste väljakujunemist. Süsteemsete sidekoehaiguste välistamiseks on olulisel kohal autoantikehade määramine, väikeste perifeersete veresoonte seisundi hindamiseks kasutatakse kapillaroskoopiat. Medikamentoosne ravi annab paremaid tulemusi primaarse Raynaud’ fenomeni puhul.


Eesti Arst 2007; 86 (10): 745–749
description: Eesti Arst, Oktoober 2007
Nested cycles in large triangulations and crossing-critical graphs
Creators: name: Hernandez-Velez, Cesar
name: Salazar, Gelasio
name: Thomas, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C10

description: We show that every sufficiently large plane triangulation has a large collection of nested cycles that either are pairwise disjoint, or pairwise intersect in exactly one vertex, or pairwise intersect in exactly two vertices. We apply this result to show that for each fixed positive integer $k$, there are only finitely many $k$-crossing-critical simple graphs of average degree at least six. Combined with the recent constructions of crossing-critical graphs given by Bokal, this settles the question of for which numbers $q>0$ there is an infinite family of $k$-crossing-critical simple graphs of average degree $q$.
title: Dialectic as the truth of reality and thought: a prolegomenon to the reconceptualisation of dialectic
Creators: name: Kurata, Mitsugu
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2003

description: Dialectic has been rejected or dogmatically accepted by many philosophers. The modern history of dialectic began with Kant who, however, regarded it as deceptive. Fichte and Schelling contributed to the formation of the theory of dialectic by developing the concepts such as the absolute, spirit, reason and speculation. Hegel did the further clarification of those concepts by exhibiting their necessary interconnection, which was systematically expounded in Science of Logic. Dialectic in Logic can be grasped with three key concepts: (1) the absolute, (2) contradiction and sublation, and (3) the identity of thought and being. In Logic, through the doctrines of being, essence and the concept, the necessary development of categories is expressed as the selfmovement of the absolute, which culminates in the absolute idea. Logic is for Hegel the exposition of God as the thought which thinks of itself. Therefore the truth of logic is the thought's returning to itself as a full circle of the descriptions of thought itself. Dialectic is the activity of this self-thinking thought. Contradiction immanent in every category, and its sublation, is the generator of all the development of categories. Only through the whole process of logic can the identity of thought and being be known as the truth. However, as the later generations argued, Hegel's interpretations was biased as his emphasis was on the self-identity of thought to itself. Dialectic is to be re-grasped with the emphasis on the self-development of reality. This entails the cognition that the reality enforces the human mind to recognise the dynamism of ever-moving reality that is dialectical. However, dialectic is not to be regarded as the collection of principles, but to be re-conceptualised as the necessary development, and thus the explication, of reality through our thought. Dialectic is this truth as the identity of reality and thought.
THE MAIN FEATURES OF ANALYZING SYMBOLS IN "A ROSE FOR EMILY" BY WILLIAM FAULKNER
Creators: name: Usmonova, Zarina
name: Cho'lliyeva, Malika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: William Faulkner is among the greatest experimentalists of the 20th century novelists. The 1950 Nobel Prize presentation speech calls Faulkner the “unrivaled master of all living British and American novelists”. A Rose for Emily is one of his wellknown short stories and is widely used in English classroom. Some people regard the story as a reflection of the dying Old South and the growing New South, which is practical and bent on industrialization. Some read the story as an allegory. By the characterization of the heroine Miss Emily and with the use of symbols and images, we can understand the relationship between the South and the North, between the past and the present, illusion and reality, permanence and change, and death and life.
Tervise edendamise eetika
Creators: name: Pasternack, Amos
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2007
Subjects: rahvatervis, terviseedendus, eetika

description: Tervise edendamise eesmärk on parandada rahva võimet ja eeldusi hoida ning tugevdada oma tervist. Seda võib rakendada nii konkreetse isiku kui ka suurte ühiskonnarühmade suhtes. Sageli on sellise tegevuse sihtrühm kogu rahvastik. Parimad tulemused saadakse tervise edendamisel, kui parandada ühiskonna liikmete haritust ja teadmisi, rahalist seisu, elutingimusi ning vähendada eri ühiskonnarühmade
ebavõrdsust.


Eesti Arst 2007; 86 (10): 758-762
description: Eesti Arst, Oktoober 2007