cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
One more neighbor: The first brown dwarf in the VVV survey
Creators: name: Beamín, J. C.
name: Minniti, D.
name: Gromadzki, M.
name: Kurtev, R.
name: Ivanov, V. D.
name: Beletsky, Y.
name: Lucas, P.
name: Saito, R. K.
name: Borissova, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The discovery of brown dwarfs (BDs) in the solar neighborhood and young star clusters has helped to constraint the low-mass end of the stellar mass function and the initial mass function. We use data of the Vista Variables in the Vía Láctea (VVV), a near-infrared (NIR) multiwavelength (Z Y J H Ks) multi-epoch (Ks) ESO Public Survey mapping the Milky Way bulge and southern Galactic plane to search for nearby BDs. Aims. The ultimate aim of the project is to improve the completeness of the census of nearby stellar and substellar objects towards the Galactic bulge and inner disk regions. Methods. Taking advantage of the homogeneous sample of VVV multi-epoch data, we identified stars with high proper motion (> 0.1"/yr), and then selected low-mass objects using NIR colors. We searched for a possible parallax signature using the all available Ks band epochs. We set some constraints on the month-to-year scale Ks band variability of our candidates, and even searched for possible transiting companions. We obtained NIR spectra to properly classify spectral type and then the physical properties of the final list of candidates. Results. We report the discovery of VVV BD001, a new member of the local volume-limited sample (within 20pc from the sun) with well defined proper motion, distance, and luminosity. The spectral type of this new object is an L5+-1, unusually blue dwarf. The proper motion for this BD is PM(α)=-0.5455+-0.004 "/yr, PM(δ)=-0.3255+-0.004 "/yr, and it has a parallax of 57+-4 mas which translates into a distance of 17.5 +- 1.1 pc. VVV BD001 shows no evidence of variability (ΔKs <0.05mag) over two years, especially constrained on a six month scale during the year 2012.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters
Decoding the Mechanisms of Reversibility Loss in Rechargeable Zinc-Air Batteries
Creators: name: Yi, Zhibin
name: Li, Liangyu
name: Chan, Cheuk Kai
name: Tang, Yaxin
name: Lu, Zhouguang
name: Zhi, Chunyi
name: Chen, Qing
name: Luo, Guangfu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Attaining high reversibility of electrodes and electrolyte is essential for the longevity of secondary batteries. Rechargeable zinc-air batteries (RZABs), however, encounter drastic irreversible changes in the zinc anodes and air cathodes during cycling. To uncover the mechanisms of reversibility loss in RZABs, we investigate the evolution of zinc anode, alkaline electrolyte, and air electrode through experiments and first-principles calculations. Morphology diagrams of zinc anodes under versatile operating conditions reveal that the nano-sized mossy zinc dominates the later cycling stage. Such anodic change is induced by the increased zincate concentration due to hydrogen evolution, which is catalyzed by the mossy structure and results in oxide passivation on electrodes, and eventually leads to low true Coulombic efficiencies and short lifespans of batteries. Inspired by these findings, we finally present a novel overcharge-cycling protocol to compensate the Coulombic efficiency loss caused by hydrogen evolution and significantly extend the battery life.
Additional file 11 of Contemporary epidemiology of rising atrial septal defect trends across USA 1991–2016: a combined ecological geospatiotemporal and causal inferential study
Creators: name: Reece, Albert Stuart
name: Hulse, Gary Kenneth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 11: eFigure 10. Geospatial links (A) edited and (B) final used in geospatiotemporal modelling. These maps are originals.
The Generalized Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick Model and the Modified Algebraic Bethe Ansatz
Creators: name: Skrypnyk, Taras
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick $2N$-fermion model is a particular case of one-spin Gaudin-type model in an external magnetic field corresponding to a limiting case of non-skew-symmetric elliptic $r$-matrix and to an external magnetic field directed along one axis. We propose an exactly-solvable generalization of the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick fermion model based on the Gaudin-type model corresponding to the same $r$-matrix but arbitrary external magnetic field. This model coincides with the quantization of the classical Zhukovsky-Volterra gyrostat. We diagonalize the corresponding quantum Hamiltonian by means of the modified algebraic Bethe ansatz. We explicitly solve the corresponding Bethe-type equations for the case of small fermion number $N=1,2$.
Moral foundations in an interacting neural networks society
Creators: name: Vicente, Renato
name: Susemihl, Alex
name: Jericó, João Pedro
name: Caticha, Nestor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 91Dxx, 91Exx

description: The moral foundations theory supports that people, across cultures, tend to consider a small number of dimensions when classifying issues on a moral basis. The data also show that the statistics of weights attributed to each moral dimension is related to self-declared political affiliation, which in turn has been connected to cognitive learning styles by recent literature in neuroscience and psychology. Inspired by these data, we propose a simple statistical mechanics model with interacting neural networks classifying vectors and learning from members of their social neighborhood about their average opinion on a large set of issues. The purpose of learning is to reduce dissension among agents even when disagreeing. We consider a family of learning algorithms parametrized by δ, that represents the importance given to corroborating (same sign) opinions. We define an order parameter that quantifies the diversity of opinions in a group with homogeneous learning style. Using Monte Carlo simulations and a mean field approximation we find the relation between the order parameter and the learning parameter δat a temperature we associate with the importance of social influence in a given group. In concordance with data, groups that rely more strongly on corroborating evidence sustains less opinion diversity. We discuss predictions of the model and propose possible experimental tests.
description: 13 pags, 9 figures
Additional file 1 of Contemporary epidemiology of rising atrial septal defect trends across USA 1991–2016: a combined ecological geospatiotemporal and causal inferential study
Creators: name: Reece, Albert Stuart
name: Hulse, Gary Kenneth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: eTable 1. ASD Rate Data. eTable 2. ASD Rate – Linear Regressions. eTable 3. ASD Rate by Cannabis Use Quintile Groupings. eTable 4. Impact of Ethnicity over time on ASD Rate. eTable 5. Panel Regression Raw Dataset. eTable 6. Impact of Cannabis Legal Paradigm on ASD Rate. eTable 7. Kriged Data Input. eTable 8. Inserted Data for Kriging. eTable 9. Kriged Data Input for Geospatial and IPW Analysis. eTable 10. Unweighted and Weighted Panel Regressions on Kriged Data. eTable 11. Mixed Effects Model with Inverse Probability Weighting. eTable 12. eValue Sensitivity Analysis.
Die evangelisch-sächsische Kirche in Siebenbürgen zwischen Bewahrung und Erneuerung
Creators: name: Klein, Christoph
Publisher: name: Lutherische Kirche in der Welt
Year: 1970

description: Lutherische Kirche in der Welt, Bd. 30 (1983): Lutherische Kirche in der Welt, Band 30
Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae -- III. The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms
Creators: name: Mari, M. Belén
name: Akras, Stavros
name: Gonçalves, Denise R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nearly 30 years after the first detailed studies of low-ionization structures (LISs) in planetary nebulae (PNe), we perform a statistical analysis of their physical, chemical and excitation properties, by collecting published data in the literature. The analysis was made through the contrast between LISs and high-ionization structures -- rims or shells -- for a large sample of PNe, in order to highlight significant differences between these structures. Our motivation was to find robust results based on the largest sample of LISs gathered so far. (i) Indeed, LISs have lower electron densities (N$_{e}$[S~II]) than the rims/shells. (ii) The nitrogen electron temperatures (T$_{e}$[N~II]) are similar between the two groups, while a bimodal distribution is observed for the T$_{e}$ based on [O~III] of the rims/shells, although the high- and low-ionization structures have T$_{e}$[O~III] of similar median values. (iii) No significant variations are observed in total abundances of He, N, O, Ne, Ar, Cl and S between the two groups. (iv) Through the analysis of several diagnostic diagrams, LISs are separated from rims/shells in terms of excitation. From two large grids of photoionization and shock models, we show that there is an important overlap between both mechanisms, particularly when low-ionization line-ratios are concerned. We found a good tracer of high-velocity shocks, as well as an indicator of high- and low-velocity shocks that depends on temperature-sensitive line ratios. In conclusion, both excitation mechanisms could be present, however shocks cannot be the main source of excitation for most of the LISs of PNe.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
Even-denominator Fractional Quantum Hall Effect at a Landau Level Crossing
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Hasdemir, S.
name: Kamburov, D.
name: Graninger, A. L.
name: Shayegan, M.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
name: Baldwin, K. W.
name: Winkler, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE), observed in two-dimensional (2D) charged particles at high magnetic fields, is one of the most fascinating, macroscopic manifestations of a many-body state stabilized by the strong Coulomb interaction. It occurs when the filling factor ($ν$) of the quantized Landau levels (LLs) is a fraction which, with very few exceptions, has an odd denominator. In 2D systems with additional degrees of freedom it is possible to cause a crossing of the LLs at the Fermi level. At and near these crossings, the FQHE states are often weakened or destroyed. Here we report the observation of an unusual crossing of the two \emph{lowest-energy} LLs in high-mobility GaAs 2D $hole$ systems which brings to life a new \emph{even-denominator} FQHE at $ν=1/2$.
Well-Posedness And Accuracy Of The Ensemble Kalman Filter In Discrete And Continuous Time
Creators: name: Kelly, D. T. B.
name: Law, K. J. H.
name: Stuart, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is a method for combining a dynamical model with data in a sequential fashion. Despite its widespread use, there has been little analysis of its theoretical properties. Many of the algorithmic innovations associated with the filter, which are required to make a useable algorithm in practice, are derived in an ad hoc fashion. The aim of this paper is to initiate the development of a systematic analysis of the EnKF, in particular to do so in the small ensemble size limit. The perspective is to view the method as a state estimator, and not as an algorithm which approximates the true filtering distribution. The perturbed observation version of the algorithm is studied, without and with variance inflation. Without variance inflation well-posedness of the filter is established; with variance inflation accuracy of the filter, with resepct to the true signal underlying the data, is established. The algorithm is considered in discrete time, and also for a continuous time limit arising when observations are frequent and subject to large noise. The underlying dynamical model, and assumptions about it, is sufficiently general to include the Lorenz '63 and '96 models, together with the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation on a two-dimensional torus. The analysis is limited to the case of complete observation of the signal with additive white noise. Numerical results are presented for the Navier-Stokes equation on a two-dimensional torus for both complete and partial observations of the signal with additive white noise.
SigBio-Shiny: A standalone interactive application for detecting biological signifcance on a GeneSet
Creators: name: Sangram Keshari Sahu
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: Detecting biological significance is an essential step for any high-throughput sequence analysis. Once sequence reads are mapped and assembled, this is followed by different quantification analysis which ends up with a set of features (transcript/gene). Quickly exploring those features together from different angles along with statistical inference gives a good idea about the biology they are involved.

Doing these kinds of exploration for a particular organism requires an up to date annotation database. Currently available online/API platforms support either very few or only model organisms. Apart from that, reproducibility is a primary issue as databases continually updated.

To tackle these problems I am presenting SigBio-Shiny, a standalone interactive application based on R-Shiny which supports more than just model organisms with no requirement of manual database maintenance. It leverages available open-source resources such as Bioconductor’s AnnotationHub to collect the organism’s updated database in real-time with keeping track of what version of the database used. On top of this database, it helps with detecting biological significance on a set of genes by doing gene mapping, enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and Pathway analysis.
Transcriptome-scale spatial gene expression in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Creators: name: Maynard, Kristen
name: Torres, Leonardo Collado
name: Weber, Lukas M
name: Uytingco, Cedric
name: Barry, Brianna K
name: Williams, Stephen R
name: Catallini, Joseph L
name: Tran, Matthew N
name: Besich, Zachary
name: Tippani, Madhavi
name: Chew, Jennifer
name: Yifeng Yin
name: Hyde, Thomas M
name: Rao, Nikhil
name: Hicks, Stephanie C
name: Martinowich, Keri
name: Jaffe, Andrew E
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: This is a poster describing the spatial transcriptomics work done using 10x Genomics Visium platform on dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) data from three human donors each with two pairs of spatial replicates for a total of twelve samples. This poster will be presented at the Bioconductor 2020 conference by Leonardo Collado Torres. A related talk will be presented by Lukas M Weber also during this same conference. For more details about this project and work, please check our bioRxiv pre-print (and peer-reviewed paper once it's published) describing our work. Thank you!
Effects of viscosity on liquid structures produced by in-air microfluidics
Creators: name: Baumgartner, David
name: Brenn, Günter
name: Planchette, Carole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper experimentally investigates the effect of viscosity on the outcomes of collisions between a regular stream of droplets and a continuous liquid jet. A broad variation of liquid viscosity of both the drop and the jet liquid is considered, keeping other material properties unchanged. To do so, only two liquid types were used: aqueous glycerol solutions for the drop and different types of silicone oil for the jet liquid. Combining these liquids, the viscosity ratio λ = μdrop/μjet was varied between 0.25 and 3.50. The collision outcomes were classified in the form of regime maps leading to four main regimes: drops in jet, fragmented drops in jet, encapsulated drops, and mixed fragmentation.We demonstrate that, depending on the drop and jet viscosity, not all four regimes can be observed in the domain probed by our experiments. The experiments reveal that the jet viscosity mainly affects the transition between drops in jet and encapsulated drops, which is shifted towards higher drop spacing for more viscous jets. The drop viscosity leaves the previous transition unchanged but modifies the threshold of the drop fragmentation within the continuous jet. We develop a model that quantifies how the drop viscosity affects its extension, which is at first order fixing its shape during recoil and is, therefore, determining its stability against pinch-off.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Quarkonium production in p-Pb collisions with ALICE
Creators: name: Paul, Biswarup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ALICE has measured quarkonium production in p-Pb collisions at backward ($-$4.46 $<$ $y_{\rm cms}$ $<$ $-$2.96), mid ($-$1.37 $<$ $y_{\rm cms}$ $<$ 0.43) and forward (2.03 $<$ $y_{\rm cms}$ $<$ 3.53) rapidity ($y$) regions down to zero transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$). The inclusive J/$ψ$ production has been studied at mid-$y$ in p-Pb interactions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV and at forward and backward $y$ in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV and 8.16 TeV. The comparison of the J/$ψ$ production to the one of the loosely bound $ψ$(2S) state is discussed, together with new results on the nuclear modification factors of the $Υ$(1S) and $Υ$(2S) states measured at forward and backward $y$. All the results will be compared to those obtained at lower energies and with available theoretical calculations.
description: 4 pages, 8 figures, XXVIIth International Conference on Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2018), Lido, Venice, Italy
Feedback Control of Negative-Imaginary Systems: Large Flexible structures with colocated actuators and sensors
Creators: name: Petersen, Ian R.
name: Lanzon, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper presents a survey of recent results on the theory of negative imaginary systems. This theory can be applied to the robust control of large flexible structures with colocated force actuators and position sensors.
Promoter CpG density predicts downstream gene loss-of-function intolerance
Creators: name: Hansen, Kasper Daniel
name: Boukas, Leandros
name: Bjornsson, Hans
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: Here we show that promoter CpG density is a strong predictor of intolerance to loss-of-function variation in the downstream gene.
Additional file 4 of Contemporary epidemiology of rising atrial septal defect trends across USA 1991–2016: a combined ecological geospatiotemporal and causal inferential study
Creators: name: Reece, Albert Stuart
name: Hulse, Gary Kenneth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: eFigure 3. Geofacetted plot with each US state in approximately their appropriate position, showing the ASDI over time for each state.
Long-term evolution of three-planet systems to the post-Main Sequence and beyond
Creators: name: Mustill, Alexander
name: Veras, Dimitri
name: Villaver, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stability of systems of three giant planets orbiting 3 - 8 M_Sol stars at orbital distances of >10 au as the host star ages through the Main Sequence (MS) and well into the White Dwarf (WD) stage. Systems are stable on the MS if the planets are separated by more than ~9 Hill radii. Most systems surviving the MS will remain stable until the WD phase, although planets scattered onto small pericentres in unstable systems can be swallowed by the expanding stellar envelope when the star ascends the giant branches. Mass loss at the end of the asymptotic giant branch triggers delayed instability in many systems, leading to instabilities typically occurring at WD cooling ages of a few 100 Myr. This instability occurs both in systems that survived the star's previous evolution unscathed, and in systems that previously underwent scattering instabilities. The outcome of such instability around WDs is overwhelmingly the ejection of one of the planets from the system, with several times more ejections occurring during the WD phase than during the MS. Furthermore, few planets are scattered close to the WD, just outside the Roche limit, where they can be tidally circularised. Hence, we predict that planets in WD systems rarely dynamically evolve to become "hot Jupiters". Nor does it appear that the observed frequency of metal pollution in WD atmospheres can be entirely explained by planetesimals being destabilised following instability in systems of multiple giant planets, although further work incorporating low-mass planets and planetesimals is needed.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures. Accepted to MNRAS
Scale Equivariant U-Net
Creators: name: Sangalli, Mateus
name: Blusseau, Samy
name: Velasco-Forero, Santiago
name: Angulo, Jesus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In neural networks, the property of being equivariant to transformations improves generalization when the corresponding symmetry is present in the data. In particular, scale-equivariant networks are suited to computer vision tasks where the same classes of objects appear at different scales, like in most semantic segmentation tasks. Recently, convolutional layers equivariant to a semigroup of scalings and translations have been proposed. However, the equivariance of subsampling and upsampling has never been explicitly studied even though they are necessary building blocks in some segmentation architectures. The U-Net is a representative example of such architectures, which includes the basic elements used for state-of-the-art semantic segmentation. Therefore, this paper introduces the Scale Equivariant U-Net (SEU-Net), a U-Net that is made approximately equivariant to a semigroup of scales and translations through careful application of subsampling and upsampling layers and the use of aforementioned scale-equivariant layers. Moreover, a scale-dropout is proposed in order to improve generalization to different scales in approximately scale-equivariant architectures. The proposed SEU-Net is trained for semantic segmentation of the Oxford Pet IIIT and the DIC-C2DH-HeLa dataset for cell segmentation. The generalization metric to unseen scales is dramatically improved in comparison to the U-Net, even when the U-Net is trained with scale jittering, and to a scale-equivariant architecture that does not perform upsampling operators inside the equivariant pipeline. The scale-dropout induces better generalization on the scale-equivariant models in the Pet experiment, but not on the cell segmentation experiment.
Device-dependent and device-independent quantum key distribution without a shared reference frame
Creators: name: Slater, Joshua A.
name: Branciard, Cyril
name: Brunner, Nicolas
name: Tittel, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Standard quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols typically assume that the distant parties share a common reference frame. In practice, however, establishing and maintaining a good alignment between distant observers is rarely a trivial issue, which may significantly restrain the implementation of long-distance quantum communication protocols. Here we propose simple QKD protocols that do not require the parties to share any reference frame, and study their security and feasibility in both the usual device-dependent case--in which the two parties use well characterized measurement devices--as well as in the device-independent case--in which the measurement devices can be untrusted, and the security relies on the violation of a Bell inequality. To illustrate the practical relevance of these ideas, we present a proof-of-principle demonstration of our protocols using polarization entangled photons distributed over a coiled 10-km-long optical fiber. We consider two situations, in which either the fiber spool freely drifts, or randomly chosen polarization transformations are applied. The correlations obtained from measurements allow, with high probability, to generate positive asymptotic secret key rates in both the device-dependent and device-independent scenarios (under the fair-sampling assumption for the latter case).
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
distinct: a method for differential analyses via hierarchical permutation tests, with applications to single-cell data
Creators: name: Tiberi, Simone
name: Crowell, Helena L.
name: Samartsidis, Pantelis
name: Weber, Lukas M.
name: Robinson, Mark D.
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: We present distinct, a statistical method to perform, via hierarchical permutation tests, differential analyses between groups of densities. distinct is a general and flexible tool: due to its fully non-parametric nature, which makes no assumptions on how the data was generated, it can be applied to a variety of datasets.
It is particularly suitable to perform differential analyses on single cell data, such as single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and high-dimensional flow or mass cytometry (HDCyto) data.

While most methods for differential expression target differences in the mean abundance between conditions, single-cell data can show more complex variations. distinct, by comparing full distributions, identifies, both, differential patterns involving changes in the mean, as well as more subtle variations that do not involve the mean (e.g., unimodal vs. bi-modal distributions with the same mean).
distinct explicitly models the variability between samples (i.e., biological replicates), can adjust for covariates (e.g., batch effects) and allows multi-group (i.e., >2 groups) comparisons.

On scRNA-seq and HDCyto simulated and experimental datasets, distinct outperforms several competitors and is able to detect more patterns of differential expression compared to canonical differential methods.

distinct is freely available as a Bioconductor R package.
Quantitative Decoding of Interactions in Tunable Nanomagnet Arrays Using First Order Reversal Curves
Creators: name: Gilbert, Dustin A.
name: Zimanyi, Gergely T.
name: Dumas, Randy K.
name: Winklhofer, Michael
name: Gomez, Alicia
name: Eibagi, Nasim
name: Vicent, J. L.
name: Liu, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To develop a full understanding of interactions in nanomagnet arrays is a persistent challenge, critically impacting their technological acceptance. This paper reports the experimental, numerical and analytical investigation of interactions in arrays of Co nanoellipses using the first-order reversal curve (FORC) technique. A mean-field analysis has revealed the physical mechanisms giving rise to all of the observed features: a shift of the non-interacting FORC-ridge at the low-H$_c$ end off the local coercivity H$_c$ axis; a stretch of the FORC-ridge at the high-H$_c$ end without shifting it off the H$_c$ axis; and a formation of a tilted edge connected to the ridge at the low-H$_c$ end. Changing from flat to Gaussian coercivity distribution produces a negative feature, bends the ridge, and broadens the edge. Finally, nearest neighbor interactions segment the FORC-ridge. These results demonstrate that the FORC approach provides a comprehensive framework to qualitatively and quantitatively decode interactions in nanomagnet arrays.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures. 9 page supplemental material including 3 figures
title: Der Nationalpinsel; [1848]
title: Spricht sehr wenig, sitzt rechts und pinselt links
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Malß, Gerhard
name: Stern, S.
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Mit Monogramm (unleserlich)
Detection of differentially interacting chromatin regions from multiple Hi-C datasets
Creators: name: Dozmorov, Mikhail
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: Introduction to the HiCcompareWorkshop. It presents methods for the comparative (aka differential) analysis of the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the genome using data generated by high-throughput chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) technologies. Hi-C data allows for insights into the genome-wide 3D genomic interactions which play an important role in regulating gene expression and other genomic processes. Just as differential expression analyses using RNA-seq data have become a routine part of genomic experiments, we expect the differential analysis of genomic interactions to become a common task. This workflow will help a novice learn to perform differential analysis of two or more Hi-C datasets and interpret the differential genomic interactions' results.

- These slides: https://mdozmorov.github.io/Talk_HiCcompare/index.html
- GitHub repo: https://github.com/mdozmorov/HiCcompareWorkshop
- Docker image: https://hub.docker.com/repository/docker/mdozmorov/hiccompareworkshop
- Pkgdown website: https://mdozmorov.github.io/HiCcompareWorkshop/
Additional file 5 of Contemporary epidemiology of rising atrial septal defect trends across USA 1991–2016: a combined ecological geospatiotemporal and causal inferential study
Creators: name: Reece, Albert Stuart
name: Hulse, Gary Kenneth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: eFigure 4. Geofacetted plot with each US state in approximately their appropriate position, showing the ASDI over a denominator of the product of state level cannabis use by national THC concentration (which thus provides an estimate of the state level THC exposure).
Charmonium production in pp collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Paul, Biswarup
name: Mandal, Mahatsab
name: Roy, Pradip
name: Chattapadhyay, Sukalyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a systematic study of J/$ψ$ and $ψ$(2S) production in p--p collisions at different Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies and at different rapidities using the leading order non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics model of heavy quarkonium production. We have included the contributions from hiher excited states decaying to J$ψ$ . The calculated values have been compared with the available data from the four experiments at LHC, namely ALICE, ATLAS, CMS and LHCb. In the case of ALICE, inclusive J/$ψ$ and $ψ$(2S) cross-sections have been calculated by including the feed-down from B mesons using a fixed-order next-to-leading logarithm formalism. It is found that all the experimental cross-sections are well described for $p_{\rm T} >$ 3 GeV within the theoretical uncertainties arising due to the choices of the factorization and renormalization scales.
description: 2 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings of International Symposium on Nuclear Physics, BARC, Mumbai, India, December 2--6, 2014
Additional file 8 of Contemporary epidemiology of rising atrial septal defect trends across USA 1991–2016: a combined ecological geospatiotemporal and causal inferential study
Creators: name: Reece, Albert Stuart
name: Hulse, Gary Kenneth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 8: eFigure 7. ASD rate by ethnicity collated for the whole nation (A) by individual ethnicity and (B) for all ethnicities pooled.
Exact Solutions of a Fermion-Soliton System in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Shahkarami, Leila
name: Gousheh, Siamak S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a coupled system of a Dirac particle and a pseudoscalar field in the form of a soliton in (1+1) dimensions and find some of its exact solutions numerically. We solve the coupled set of equations self-consistently and non-perturbatively by the use of a numerical method and obtain the bound states of the fermion and the shape of the soliton. That is the shape of the static soliton in this problem is not prescribed and is determined by the equations themselves. This work goes beyond the perturbation theory in which the back reaction of the fermion on soliton is its first order correction. We compare our results to those of an exactly solvable model in which the soliton is prescribed. We show that, as expected, the total energy of our system is lower than the prescribed one. We also compute non-perturbatively the vacuum polarization of the fermion induced by the presence of the soliton and display the results. Moreover, we compute the soliton mass as a function of the boson and fermion masses and find that the results are consistent with Skyrme's phenomenological conjecture. Finally, we show that for fixed values of the parameters, the shape of the soliton obtained from our exact solutions depends slightly on the fermionic state to which it is coupled. However, the exact shape of the soliton is always very close to the isolated kink.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1210.7233 by other authors
Estimating Stellar Radial Velocity Variability from Kepler and GALEX: Implications for the Radial Velocity Confirmation of Exoplanets
Creators: name: Cegla, H. M.
name: Stassun, K. G.
name: Watson, C. A.
name: Bastien, F. A.
name: Pepper, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We cross-match the GALEX and Kepler surveys to create a unique dataset with both ultraviolet (UV) measurements and highly precise photometric variability measurements in the visible light spectrum. As stellar activity is driven by magnetic field modulations, we have used UV emission from the magnetically heated gas in the stellar atmosphere to serve as our proxy for the more well-known stellar activity indicator, R'HK. The R'HK approximations were in turn used to estimate the level of astrophysical noise expected in radial velocity (RV) measurements and these were then searched for correlations with photometric variability. We find significant scatter in our attempts to estimate RV noise for magnetically active stars, which we attribute to variations in the phase and strength of the stellar magnetic cycle that drives the activity of these targets. However, for stars we deem to be magnetically quiet, we do find a clear correlation between photometric variability and estimated levels of RV noise (with variability up to ~ 10 m/s). We conclude, that for these quiet stars, we can use photometric measurements as a proxy to estimate the RV noise expected. As a result, the procedure outlined in this paper may help select targets best-suited for RV follow-up necessary for planet confirmation.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ
Chomsky e la linguistica cartesiana
Creators: name: Salucci, Marco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1990
Subjects: Chomsky
innatism
Cordemoy
cartesian linguistics
language

description: An essay about the " cartesian linguistics " and N. Chomsky's innatism. The essay introduces the first italian translation of G. de Cordemoy "Discours physique de la parole" (1668) . The books contains a contribute by Chomsky itself.
Influence of liquid miscibility and wettability on the structures produced by drop-jet collisions
Creators: name: Baumgartner, David
name: Bernard, Ronan
name: Weigand, Bernhard
name: Lamanna, Grazia
name: Brenn, Guenter
name: Planchette, Carole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collisions between a stream of drops and a continuous jet of a different liquid are experimentally investigated. In contrast to previous studies, our work focuses on the effects of liquid miscibility and wettability on the collision outcomes. Thus, miscible and immiscible liquids providing total and partial wetting are used. We show that, as long as the jet surface tension is smaller than the drop surface tension, the drops can be encapsulated by the jet, providing the so-called drops-in-jet structure. The transitions between the different regimes remain similar in nature with a capillary fragmentation responsible for the jet break-up and an inertial fragmentation causing the drops (and then possibly the jet) to break up. The dimensionless numbers proposed in the literature to model the inertial fragmentation thresholds do not bring the results obtained with different liquids at the same critical value. We explain the reason via a detailed analysis of the collisions, accounting for the drop and jet extensions and their kinetics. The drop fragmentation is found to occur during the recoil phase, leading us to propose a new dimensionless parameter that successfully reproduced all our experimental data obtained with immiscible liquids. Finally we demonstrate that the most dramatic change of the collision outcomes is produced by using drops that totally wet the jet. In this case, the encapsulation of the drops cannot be achieved, constituting a true limit to some applications based on the solidification of the drops-in-jet structure.
description: 34 pages, 15 figures
Fusion hierarchies, T-systems and Y-systems of logarithmic minimal models
Creators: name: Morin-Duchesne, Alexi
name: Pearce, Paul A.
name: Rasmussen, Jorgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Temperley-Lieb (TL) loop model is a Yang-Baxter integrable lattice model with nonlocal degrees of freedom. On a strip of width N, the evolution operator is the double-row transfer tangle D(u), an element of the TL algebra TL_N(beta) with loop fugacity beta=2cos(lambda). Similarly on a cylinder, the single-row transfer tangle T(u) is an element of the enlarged periodic TL algebra. The logarithmic minimal models LM(p,p') comprise a subfamily of the TL loop models for which the crossing parameter lambda=(p'-p)pi/p' is parameterised by coprime integers 02 takes the form of functional relations for D(u) and T(u) of polynomial degree p'. These derive from fusion hierarchies of commuting transfer tangles D^{m,n}(u) and T^{m,n}(u) where D(u)=D^{1,1}(u) and T(u)=T^{1,1}(u). The fused transfer tangles are constructed from (m,n)-fused face operators involving Wenzl-Jones projectors P_k on k=m or k=n nodes. Some projectors P_k are singular for k>p'-1, but we argue that D^{m,n}(u) and T^{m,n}(u) are well defined for all m,n. For generic lambda, we derive the fusion hierarchies and the associated T- and Y-systems. For the logarithmic theories, the closure of the fusion hierarchies at n=p' translates into functional relations of polynomial degree p' for D^{m,1}(u) and T^{m,1}(u). We also derive the closure of the Y-systems for the logarithmic theories. The T- and Y-systems are the key to exact integrability and we observe that the underlying structure of these functional equations relate to Dynkin diagrams of affine Lie algebras.
description: 77 pages
title: Ach es ist ein schöner Traum um meine erste Jugendliebe; [1848]
title: (22. Juni 1848)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Stern, S.
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Vorlageform der Veröffentlichungsangabe: Herausgegeben u. zu haben bei S. Stern in Offenbach
Do Children Texts Hold The Key To Commonsense Knowledge?
Creators: name: Romero, Julien
name: Razniewski, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Compiling comprehensive repositories of commonsense knowledge is a long-standing problem in AI. Many concerns revolve around the issue of reporting bias, i.e., that frequency in text sources is not a good proxy for relevance or truth. This paper explores whether children's texts hold the key to commonsense knowledge compilation, based on the hypothesis that such content makes fewer assumptions on the reader's knowledge, and therefore spells out commonsense more explicitly. An analysis with several corpora shows that children's texts indeed contain much more, and more typical commonsense assertions. Moreover, experiments show that this advantage can be leveraged in popular language-model-based commonsense knowledge extraction settings, where task-unspecific fine-tuning on small amounts of children texts (childBERT) already yields significant improvements. This provides a refreshing perspective different from the common trend of deriving progress from ever larger models and corpora.
description: 6 pages, 10 tables
Heavy metal concentrations in commercially valuable fishes with health hazard inference from Karnaphuli river, Bangladesh
Creators: name: Ali, Mir Mohammad
name: Ali, Mohammad Lokman
name: Proshad, Ram
name: Saiful Islam
name: Zillur Rahman
name: Tanmoy Roy Tusher
name: Tapos Kormoker
name: Al, Mamun Abdullah
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Heavy metals contamination is a serious threat for the toxicity and bioaccumulation in food chain. Aquatic environment contamination has become a global concern because they have toxic effects on fishes. The concentration of heavy metals like arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in commercially fishes (Tenualosa ilisha, Gudusia chapra, Otolithoides pama, Setipinna phasa, Harpadon nehereus, Polynemus paradiseus, Sillaginopsis panijus and Pampus chinensis) collected from Karnaphuli River in Bangladesh were (fish muscles) assessed with health risk during summer and winter season. These heavy metals are toxic in nature and can come to human food chain through fish consumption. The mean concentration of As, Cr, Cd and Pb was found 1.59, 0.73, 0.41 and 1.13 mg/kg in summer and 1.81, 0.92, 0.52 and 1.45 mg/kg in winter, respectively. Cr and Pb concentration of all fish species were found to be higher than Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)/(WHO) tolerable concentration assuming these metal pose risk to human. The hazard quotients value of heavy metals in Harpadon nehereus was found higher than one resulting non-carcinogenic risk for consumption of this fishes. Carcinogenic risk value for As and Pb were remaining 10−6 to 10−4 indicating continuously consumption of studied fish samples may cause cancer risk.
Double-mode Cepheids in M31
Creators: name: Poleski, Radosław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Until now, double mode Cepheids (or beat Cepheids) were known in the Galaxy, Magellanic Clouds and M33. Curiously, none of more than 2000 Cepheids in M31 was claimed to show two pulsation modes. We conducted a systematic search for double mode Cepheids in the archival data and discovered four such objects. We identify one of the stars as a first and second overtone pulsator even though its secondary period is subject to strong aliasing. Two stars turn out to pulsate in the fundamental mode and the first overtone. Their fundamental periods are 9.392 d and 9.163 d. This makes them the first candidates for the fundamental mode and the first overtone Cepheids, which double mode pulsations are caused by the 1:2 resonance of the fundamental mode and the second overtone.
description: submitted to ApJ