cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High-quality 3D Reconstruction of Texture-less Objects in Confined Space Using Stereo Vision and Structured Light
Creators: name: Xu, Siqing
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: To improve Augmented Reality applications’ performance in laparoscopic surgeries, the thesis focuses on using stereo vision setup to produce high-quality 3D reconstruction of texture-less objects in a confined space. First, a primitive stereo reconstruction system is implemented with basic local block matching algorithm and is analyzed by observing changes in reconstruction when various variables are tuned. Then, a sequence of additional refining algorithms is proposed to be applied to the system as the thesis gives observation of improvement in reconstruction quality. Structured light is added to help reconstruction texture-less objects. After multiple setups are analyzed, the most suitable structured light component is added to the original system. Experiments were conducted with the new system to help analyze the relationship between variables in projected patterns and reconstruction performance. Current system cannot solve all problems and still have difficulty in reconstructing objects such as thin curve ones. To make the system fully functioning in real-world scenario, some future work and possible solutions to the artifacts are proposed, based on a literature review.
Der Dorfplatz als Kulturerbe. Tweets archivieren, erschließen, bereitstellen
Creators: name: Schlesinger, Claus-Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Die Datei enthält die Slides zum Vortrag "Der Dorfplatz als Kulturerbe. Tweets archivieren, erschließen, bereitstellen", gehalten am 5.10.2023 bei der Konferenz "Zugang gestalten: Hindernisse überwinden" an der Universität Münster. Der Vortrag fasst Bedarfe und Schwierigkeiten zusammen, mit der Forschende und Kulturerbeinstitutionen im Anschluss an die umfangreiche Monetarisierung des Zugangs zum Archiv durch die Plattform Twitter, inzwischen X, konfrontiert sind, und stellt eine Initiative zur Archivierung von Tweets an der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek vor.
description: In der PDF-Datei, die für den Vortrag verwendet wurde, war auf Folie 6 eine fehlerhafte Grafik eingebunden, die in der hier veröffentlichten Fassung der Folien ersetzt ist. Außerdem wurde auf Folie 6 ein zugehöriger Hinweis auf fehlende Maßstabstreue in der Grafik entfernt.
Similarity-based Link Prediction from Modular Compression of Network Flows
Creators: name: Blöcker, Christopher
name: Smiljanić, Jelena
name: Scholtes, Ingo
name: Rosvall, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Node similarity scores are a foundation for machine learning in graphs for clustering, node classification, anomaly detection, and link prediction with applications in biological systems, information networks, and recommender systems. Recent works on link prediction use vector space embeddings to calculate node similarities in undirected networks with good performance. Still, they have several disadvantages: limited interpretability, need for hyperparameter tuning, manual model fitting through dimensionality reduction, and poor performance from symmetric similarities in directed link prediction. We propose MapSim, an information-theoretic measure to assess node similarities based on modular compression of network flows. Unlike vector space embeddings, MapSim represents nodes in a discrete, non-metric space of communities and yields asymmetric similarities in an unsupervised fashion. We compare MapSim on a link prediction task to popular embedding-based algorithms across 47 networks and find that MapSim's average performance across all networks is more than 7% higher than its closest competitor, outperforming all embedding methods in 11 of the 47 networks. Our method demonstrates the potential of compression-based approaches in graph representation learning, with promising applications in other graph learning tasks.
description: In: Proceedings of the First Learning on Graphs Conference, PMLR 198:52:1-52:18, 2022. Available at https://proceedings.mlr.press/v198/blocker22a.html
Large scale structure from viscous dark matter
Creators: name: Blas, Diego
name: Floerchinger, Stefan
name: Garny, Mathias
name: Tetradis, Nikolaos
name: Wiedemann, Urs Achim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological perturbations of sufficiently long wavelength admit a fluid dynamic description. We consider modes with wavevectors below a scale $k_m$ for which the dynamics is only mildly non-linear. The leading effect of modes above that scale can be accounted for by effective non-equilibrium viscosity and pressure terms. For mildly non-linear scales, these mainly arise from momentum transport within the ideal and cold but inhomogeneous fluid, while momentum transport due to more microscopic degrees of freedom is suppressed. As a consequence, concrete expressions with no free parameters, except the matching scale $k_m$, can be derived from matching evolution equations to standard cosmological perturbation theory. Two-loop calculations of the matter power spectrum in the viscous theory lead to excellent agreement with $N$-body simulations up to scales $k=0.2 \, h/$Mpc. The convergence properties in the ultraviolet are better than for standard perturbation theory and the results are robust with respect to variations of the matching scale.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures
A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Social Media Exposure to Upward Comparison Targets on Self-Evaluations and Emotions
Creators: name: McComb, Carly A.
name: Vanman, Eric J.
name: Tobin, Stephanie J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Social media have become a pervasive part of contemporary culture and are an essential part of the daily lives of an increasing number of people. Its popularity has brought unlimited opportunities to compare oneself with other people. This meta-analysis combined and summarized the findings of previous experimental research, with the aim of generating causal conclusions regarding the effects of exposure to upward comparison targets on self-evaluations and emotions in a social media context. We identified 48 articles involving 7679 participants through a systematic search and entered 118 effect sizes into a multilevel, random-effects meta-analysis. Analyses revealed an overall negative effect of upward social comparison relative to downward comparison and controls on social media users’ self-evaluations and emotions (g = −0.24, p < .001). Specifically, there were significant negative effects of upward comparison on each outcome variable: body image (g = −0.31, p < .001), subjective well-being (g = −0.19, p < .001), mental health (g = −0.21, p < .001) and self-esteem (g = −0.21, p < .001). This meta-analysis indicates that contrast is the dominant response to upward comparison on social media, which results in negative self-evaluations and emotions.
An Analysis of the Determinants of Social Capital as Connectedness in Lenoir County, NC
Creators: name: Brown, Margaret Madeline
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Social connectedness is frequently defined as the extent to which people
interact with one another, either individually or through groups. A person’s
number of close friends and family members, the frequency and type of
interactions a person has with her friends and family, the trust she has in her
neighbors and others, and the extent to which she participates in volunteer
activities or community events all directly correlate to a person’s well being –
both in a personal and economic sense. In economic literature the focus has been
on examining the importance of social capital for economic growth. Researchers
have also examined the links between social connectedness and its impact on
better health outcomes (mental and physical), welfare, political connectedness,
and much more. But at this point in time, there is very little research examining
what factors affect social connectedness itself. This paper will contribute to the
body of research on social connectedness by attempting to determine what
demographic factors have the potential to influence levels of social
connectedness. Data from the Heart Healthy Lenoir Project were used in the
framework of a logistic regression model to study the effect of demographic and
economic variables of individuals such as age, gender, race, marital status,
income, level of employment, level of education, and perceived standings within
the community and the United States on social connectedness. Key findings
indicate that education and “perceived standing within the community” are
important factors that influence social connectedness.
Single Event Effect Hardness for the Front-end ASICs Applied in BGO Calorimeter of DAMPE Satellite
Creators: name: Gao, Shan-Shan
name: Jiang, Di
name: Feng, Chang-Qing
name: Xi, Kai
name: Liu, Shu-Bin
name: An, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a Chinese scientific satellite designed for cosmic ray study with a primary scientific goal of indirect search of dark matter particles. As a crucial sub-detector, BGO calorimeter measures the energy spectrum of cosmic rays in the energy range from 5 GeV to 10 TeV. In order to implement high-density front-end electronics (FEE) with the ability to measure 1848 signals from 616 photomultiplier tubes on the strictly constrained satellite platform, two kinds of 32-channel front-end ASICs, VA160 and VATA160, are customized. However, a space mission period of more than 3 years makes single event effect (SEE) a probable threat to reliability. In order to evaluate the SEE sensitivity of the chips and verify the effectiveness of mitigation methods, a series of laser-induced and heavy ion-induced SEE tests were performed. Benefiting from the single event latch-up (SEL) protection circuit for power supply, the triple module redundancy (TMR) technology for the configuration registers and optimized sequential design for data acquisition process, VA160 and VATA160 with the quantity of 54 and 32 respectively have been applied in the flight model of BGO calorimeter with radiation hardness assurance.
description: 6 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Chinese Physics C
PyfastSPM: A Python package to convert 1D FastSPM data streams into publication quality movies
Creators: name: Briegel, K.
name: Riccius, F.
name: Filser, J.
name: Bourgund, A.
name: Spitzenpfeil, R.
name: Panighel, M.
name: Dri, C.
name: Lechner, B. A. J.
name: Esch, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a continued quest to monitor subsecond surface dynamics on the atomic scale and to improve imaging resolution, a FAST module to accelerate existing scanning probe microscopy setups was previously presented. Hereby, the speedup is enabled by external electronics without modification of the actual instrument. The resulting one-dimensional (1D) data stream, recorded while the tip oscillates in a sinusoidal motion, has to be reconstructed into a layered rectangular matrix in order to visualize the movie. The Pythonbased pyfastspm package performs this conversion, while also correcting for sample tilt, noise frequencies, piezo creep, and thermal drift. Quick automatic conversion even of considerable batches of data is achieved by efficient algorithms that bundle time-expensive steps, such as interpolation based on Delaunay triangulation.
Theory and Phenomenology of the Elementary Goldstone Higgs
Creators: name: Gertov, Helene
name: Meroni, Aurora
name: Molinaro, Emiliano
name: Sannino, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show, via a careful analytical and numerical analysis, that a pseudo Goldstone nature of the Higgs is naturally embodied by an elementary realization that also serves as ultraviolet completion. Renormalizability married to perturbation theory allows to precisely determine the quantum corrections of the theory while permitting to explore the underlying parameter space. By characterising the available parameter space of the extended Higgs sector we discover that the preferred electroweak alignment angle is centred around $θ\simeq 0.02$, corresponding to the Higgs chiral symmetry breaking scale $ f \simeq 14~$TeV. The latter is almost 60 times higher than the Standard Model electroweak scale. However, due to the perturbative nature of the theory, the spectrum of the enlarged Higgs sector remains in the few TeV energy range. We also analyse precision constraints and the relevant phenomenological aspects of the theory.
description: RevTeX, 33 pages, 14 figures
Emergency Wars
Creators: name: Ong, Richard Denton
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Passed in 1976, the National Emergencies Act ended 42-years of continuous national emergency, dating to 1933. Repealing four national emergencies, which allowed the president to draw on 470 emergency laws empowering him to run the nation "without reference to normal constitutional processes," the law instituted new procedures for exercising emergency authority, signifying a broader resurgence of congressional power in the 1970s. This thesis also examines the politics of presidential power, and how liberals became disillusioned with the presidency after Watergate and Vietnam, while the New Right gradually embraced executive authority to restrain the federal government and implement a hawkish foreign policy. The complex partisan and inter-branch politics of emergency powers fits into the broader distrust of government which pervaded the 1970s. This thesis explores the history of national emergencies in the 20th century United States, the legislative history of the National Emergencies Act, and American politics in the 1970s to elucidate the important role executive power plays in American politics.
raw data for gallic acid
Creators: name: Syahputra, Romi
name: Fitmawati
name: Resida, Esi
name: , Fitmawati
name: Kholifah, Sri
name: Roza, Rodesia
name: Almurdani, Muhammad
name: Emrizal
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: This data is used for calculating gallic acid content from wild mango
Decohering Tensor Network Quantum Machine Learning Models
Creators: name: Liao, Haoran
name: Convy, Ian
name: Yang, Zhibo
name: Whaley, K. Birgitta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tensor network quantum machine learning (QML) models are promising applications on near-term quantum hardware. While decoherence of qubits is expected to decrease the performance of QML models, it is unclear to what extent the diminished performance can be compensated for by adding ancillas to the models and accordingly increasing the virtual bond dimension of the models. We investigate here the competition between decoherence and adding ancillas on the classification performance of two models, with an analysis of the decoherence effect from the perspective of regression. We present numerical evidence that the fully-decohered unitary tree tensor network (TTN) with two ancillas performs at least as well as the non-decohered unitary TTN, suggesting that it is beneficial to add at least two ancillas to the unitary TTN regardless of the amount of decoherence may be consequently introduced.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures. Appendices: 7 pages, 4 figures
Disease and Distrust: Mandatory Premarital HIV Testing in Illinois
Creators: name: Chase, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: This thesis will argue that Christian morality, fear of AIDS, and mistakes on the part of public health officials intensified already-powerful medical distrust in Illinois, which made it possible for MPHT to pass. Economic factors and the burden of testing on Illinois couples caused the legislation’s repeal. This introduction will provide a brief overview of the early U.S. AIDS epidemic and medical distrust. The first chapter will situate MPHT in the context of the early AIDS epidemic and examine the ways that fear, medical distrust, and a failed Illinois public health education program empowered the Illinois General Assembly to act against AIDS. The second chapter will analyze arguments for and against MPHT, demonstrate that the legislation had serious problems, and explain how medical distrust made it possible to justify MPHT. The third chapter will narrate MPHT’s implementation, identify the causes of its repeal, and discuss its consequences for medical distrust. The conclusion will offer a modern perspective on AIDS and consider the ways that medical distrust continues to hinder the U.S. AIDS response.
Scalable noncontextuality inequalities and certification of multiqubit quantum systems
Creators: name: Santos, Rafael
name: Jebarathinam, Chellasamy
name: Augusiak, Remigiusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a family of noncontextuality inequalities and show that they can be used for certification of multiqubit quantum systems. Our scheme, unlike those based on non-locality, does not require spatial separation between the subsystems, yet it makes use of certain compatibility relations between measurements. Moreover, it is scalable in the sense that the number of expectation values that are to be measured to observe contextuality scales polynomially with the number of qubits that are being certified. In a particular case we also show our scheme to be robust errors and experimental imperfections. Our results seem promising as far as certification of physical set-ups is concerned in scenarios where spatial separation between the subsystems cannot be guaranteed.
description: Revised version as accepted for publication in Physical Review A, 18 pages, 4 figures
Do No Harm: Best Practices and Tools to Develop Global Health Experiences for Nursing Students
Creators: name: MacKeen, Leslie Ann
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Nurses are strong social justice advocates who often serve the most marginalized
communities. Nursing has responded to social changes and globalization by developing into a
multifaceted profession that integrates cultural competency, education, empathy, advocacy, and
interdisciplinary collaboration. However, throughout its growth as a profession, the guiding
principles of nursing have remained consistent, foremost among them being nonmaleficence – or
do no harm. Nursing schools across the United States are responding to the need to develop
cultural competency and are offering innovative ways for students to build their skills and
experiences through international nursing experiences. This is a positive trend, as research
demonstrates that international experiences benefit nursing students’ personal and professional
development. However, ethical challenges exist, primarily regarding the positive or negative
impact a student experience has on the host community. Poorly planned and executed
international experiences for nursing students have been shown to destabilize local health
systems, undermine local providers, and displace local economies. Therefore nurse educators
should balance the academic needs of their students against the health and development needs of
host communities. Nurse education does not include substantial experience in program design for
international efforts. However, the fields of international development and public health share
the principle of nonmaleficence and have established best practices for program design to
mitigate and prevent unintended adverse consequences on host communities. By incorporating
best practices from international development and public health, nurse educators can better
develop ethically sound international experiences for their students, develop nurses with greater
cultural competency, and best support the development of host communities.
Universality in Uncertainty Relations for a Quantum Particle
Creators: name: Kechrimparis, Spiros
name: Weigert, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general theory of preparational uncertainty relations for a quantum particle in one spatial dimension is developed. We derive conditions which determine whether a given smooth function of the particle's variances and its covariance is bounded from below. Whenever a global minimum exists, an uncertainty relation has been obtained. The squeezed number states of a harmonic oscillator are found to be universal: no other pure or mixed states will saturate any such relation. Geometrically, we identify a convex uncertainty region in the space of second moments which is bounded by the inequality derived by Robertson and Schrödinger. Our approach not only unifies existing uncertainty relations but also leads to new inequalities for second moments.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures. Material rearranged to match published version
Phonons and phase symmetries in bulk $CrCl_3$ from scattering measurements and theory
Creators: name: Li, Xun
name: Do, Seunghwan
name: Yan, Jiaqiang
name: McGuire, Michael
name: Granroth, Garrett
name: Mu, Sai
name: Berlijn, Tom
name: Cooper, Valentino
name: Christianson, Andrew
name: Lindsay, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phonon-derived behaviors are important indicators of novel phenomena in transition metal trihalides, including spin liquid behavior, two-dimensional magnetism, and spin-lattice coupling. However, phonons and their dependence on spin structure and excitations have not been adequately explored. In this work, we probe and critically examine the vibrational properties of bulk $CrCl_3$ using inelastic neutron scattering and density functional theory. We demonstrate that magnetic and van der Waals interactions are essential to describing the structure and phonons in $CrCl_3$; however, the specific spin configuration is unimportant. This provides context for understanding thermal transport measurements as governed by dynamical spin-lattice couplings. More importantly, we introduce an efficient dynamic method that exploits translational symmetries in large conventional unit cells that generates insights into phonon dispersions, interactions, and measured spectra in terms of quantum phase interference conditions. This work opens new avenues for understanding phonons in layered magnets and more generally in conventional cell geometries of a variety of materials.
description: Main text: 21 pages, 7 figures. The manuscript is currently under review for a journal publication
Don't be a Victim During a Pandemic! Analysing Security and Privacy Threats in Twitter During COVID-19
Creators: name: Sharma, Bibhas
name: Karunanayake, Ishan
name: Masood, Rahat
name: Ikram, Muhammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There has been a huge spike in the usage of social media platforms during the COVID-19 lockdowns. These lockdown periods have resulted in a set of new cybercrimes, thereby allowing attackers to victimise social media users with a range of threats. This paper performs a large-scale study to investigate the impact of a pandemic and the lockdown periods on the security and privacy of social media users. We analyse 10.6 Million COVID-related tweets from 533 days of data crawling and investigate users' security and privacy behaviour in three different periods (i.e., before, during, and after the lockdown). Our study shows that users unintentionally share more personal identifiable information when writing about the pandemic situation (e.g., sharing nearby coronavirus testing locations) in their tweets. The privacy risk reaches 100% if a user posts three or more sensitive tweets about the pandemic. We investigate the number of suspicious domains shared on social media during different phases of the pandemic. Our analysis reveals an increase in the number of suspicious domains during the lockdown compared to other lockdown phases. We observe that IT, Search Engines, and Businesses are the top three categories that contain suspicious domains. Our analysis reveals that adversaries' strategies to instigate malicious activities change with the country's pandemic situation.
description: Paper has been accepted for publication in IEEE Access. Currently available on IEEE ACCESS early access (see DOI)
Σχολιασμένη διερμηνεία με έμφαση στις προκλήσεις της διερμηνείας στο συνέδριο προσομοίωσης της νομοθετικής διαδικασίας της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, MEUS 2022
Creators: name: Γκικούδη, Παναγιώτα Εμμανουήλ
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: Διερμηνεία
Σχολιασμός
Προκλήσεις
Interpreting
Annotation
Challenges

description: Σκοπός της διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η παρουσίαση και η αξιολόγηση της πρακτικής άσκησης διερμηνείας, καθώς και η παράθεση του υλικού που αξιοποιήθηκε κατά την προετοιμασία για τις αναθέσεις. Το κύριο μέρος της εργασίας αποτελείται από το σχολιασμό της πρακτικής άσκησης. Εδώ παρατίθενται πληροφορίες για την εκδήλωση, το είδος της διερμηνείας, τους ομιλητές, τον τρόπο προετοιμασίας και τις δυσκολίες που προέκυψαν κατά τη διερμηνεία. Επίσης, συμπεριλαμβάνεται και μια σύντομη αυτοαξιολόγηση για την κάθε εκδήλωση ξεχωριστά. Ιδιαίτερη βαρύτητα δίνεται στις προκλήσεις της διερμηνείας στο συνέδριο προσομοίωσης της νομοθετικής διαδικασίας της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, MEUS 2022. Έπειτα, ακολουθεί η παρουσίαση των συμπερασμάτων που βασίζεται στη συνολική εμπειρία της πρακτικής άσκησης. Τέλος, παρατίθεται το υλικό που συλλέχθηκε και αξιοποιήθηκε για την προετοιμασία των αναθέσεων.
description: The purpose of this thesis is to present and evaluate interpreting practices, as well as to detail the materials used in preparation for assignments. The core of the thesis consists of a commentary on the internship, providing insights into the events, types of interpreting, speakers, preparation methods, and challenges encountered. Each event is accompanied by a brief self-assessment. Particular attention is given to the challenges faced during the simulation conference of the European Union legislative process, MEUS 2022. The thesis concludes with a presentation of the findings based on the overall internship experience and a detailed overview of the materials collected and utilized for assignment preparation.
description: Τα συμμετέχοντα Τμήματα είναι: τα Τμήματα Αγγλικής, Γαλλικής, Γερμανικής και Ιταλικής Γλώσσας και Φιλολογίας της Φιλοσοφικής Σχολής και το Τμήμα Πολιτικών Επιστημών της Σχολής Οικονομικών και Πολιτικών Επιστημών.
Exclusive breastfeeding policy, practice and influences in South Africa, 1980 to 2018: A mixed-methods systematic review
Creators: name: Ngandu, Christian
name: Ngandu, Christian
name: Manderson, Lenore
name: Norris, Shane
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: capacity strengthening
subject: HIV prevention
subject: infant feeding
subject: social determinants of health

description: Abstract Background In 2011, South Africa committed to promoting exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for six months for all mothers, regardless of HIV status, in line with World Health Organization recommendations. This was a marked shift from earlier policies, and with it, average EBF rates increased from less than 10% in 2011 to 32% by 2016. Objectives The aim of this mixed-methods systematic review was to describe EBF practices in South Africa and their multi-level influences over four policy periods. Methods We applied PRISMA guidelines according to a published protocol (Prospero: CRD42014010512). We searched seven databases [Africa-Wide, PubMed, Popline, PsychINFO, CINAHL, Global Health, and The Cochrane Library] and conducted hand searches for eligible articles (all study designs, conducted in South Africa and published between 1980–2018). The quality of articles was assessed using published tools, as appropriate. Separate policy analysis was conducted to delineate four distinct policy periods. We compared EBF rates by these periods. Then, applying a three-level ecological framework, we analysed EBF influences concurrently by method. Finally, the findings were synthesized to compare breastfeeding influences by policy period, maintaining an ecological framework. Results From an initial sample of 20,226 articles, 72 unique articles were reviewed, three of which contributed to both quantitative and qualitative analysis. Despite the large sample, several provinces were poorly represented (if at all) and many studies were assessed as low to moderate quality. Despite these limitations, our historical lens enabled us to explore why South African progress on increasing EBF practices has been slow. The review reflects a context that increasingly supports EBF, but falls short in accounting for family, community, and workplace influences. The findings also highlight the unintended damage caused by rapidly adopting and introducing global guidelines to an unsupported health workforce. Conclusions From a South African perspective, we identified geographic and methodological biases, as well as gaps in our understanding and potential explanations of inequities in EBF. Our recommendations relate to policy, programming, and research to inform changes that would be required to further improve EBF practice rates in South Africa. While our review is South Africa-specific, our findings have broader implications for investing in multi-level interventions and limiting how often infant feeding guidelines are changed.
Cocompactly cubulated 2-dimensional Artin groups
Creators: name: Huang, Jingyin
name: Jankiewicz, Kasia
name: Przytycki, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a necessary and sufficient condition for a 2-dimensional or a three-generator Artin group $A$ to be (virtually) cocompactly cubulated, in terms of the defining graph of $A$.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures
Wavelength- and time-division multiplexing via pump current variation of a pulsed semiconductor laser -- a method of synchronization for quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Shakhovoy, Roman
name: Puplauskis, Marius
name: Sharoglazova, Violetta
name: Maksimova, Elizaveta
name: Hydyrova, Selbi
name: Kurochkin, Vladimir
name: Duplinskiy, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dependence of the semiconductor laser wavelength on the pump current is a well-known phenomenon, which is generally attributed to a change in the refractive index of the active layer due to carrier injection. This effect is usually considered to be a drawback as it causes frequency chirping of the pulses produced via direct current modulation. Here, we show that at high values of thermal resistance of a laser diode, the lasing wavelength is red-shifted due to the change of the refractive index caused by a thermal effect and this shift may significantly exceed (in absolute value) the blue shift related to a refractive index change induced by the carrier injection. We propose to benefit from the ability to tune wavelength by the pump current variation and use the same laser to generate qubits and synchronization optical pulses for quantum key distribution at different wavelengths. To demonstrate the proposed method of synchronization, we perform numerical simulations as well as proof-of-principle experiments.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Application of the First Collision Source Method to CSNS Target Station Shielding Calculation
Creators: name: Zheng, Ying
name: Zhang, Bin
name: Chen, Meng-Teng
name: Zhang, Liang
name: Chen, Yi-Xue
name: Yin, Wen
name: Liang, Tian-Jiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ray effects are the inherent problem of discrete ordinates method. RAY3D, a functional module of ARES which is a discrete ordinates code system, employs a semi-analytic first collision source method to mitigate ray effects. This method decomposes the flux into uncollided and collided components, and then calculates them with analytical method and discrete ordinates method respectively. In this article, RAY3D is validated by the Kobayashi benchmarks and applied to the neutron beamline shielding problem of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) target station. Numerical results of the Kobayashi benchmarks indicate that DONTRAN3D with RAY3D solutions agree well with the Monte Carlo solutions. The dose rate at the end of the neutron beamline is less than 10.83 μSv/h in CSNS target station neutron beamline shutter model. RAY3D can effectively mitigate ray effects and obtain relatively reasonable results.
On the Chandrasekhar Limit in Generalized Uncertainty Principles
Creators: name: Gregoris, Daniele
name: Ong, Yen Chin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chandrasekhar limit for white dwarfs has been confirmed by many astrophysical observations. However, how to obtain it theoretically in models which rely on other-than-Heisenberg's uncertainty principles, which are predicted by some quantum gravity theories, is not a trivial task. In this manuscript, we will derive the Chandrasekhar mass assuming an uncertainty relation proposed in the framework of Doubly Special Relativity, exhibiting both a minimal length and a maximum momentum. We will show how to re-obtain an asymptotically vanishing radius for the star in the limiting subcase of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle: this is the same behavior as in the original Chandrasekhar's derivation, but not when the more popular Generalized Uncertainty Principle is assumed. We will argue that this is related to the difference in the classical limit of these two different generalized uncertainty principles, enlightening that the modified uncertainty parameter considered here behaves like a finite temperature. The role of a maximum momentum in guaranteeing the stability of the configuration, and in providing a finite pressure for the degenerate electrons' gas, is also analyzed.
description: Matches published version
Seeing Sapa: Views of a Prague Marketplace in the Post-Socialist Cityscape
Creators: name: Rawitsch, Ezra
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Central and Eastern European post-Socialist states have undergone profound political and economic changes in the three decades since 1989. Though the dramatic transformations of the immediate post-Socialist period were highly visible and widely documented, recent political and economic developments are crucial to understanding the region’s contemporary conjuncture. A broad trend away from Liberalism and toward an emergent authoritarian politics, both in the Visegrad states and elsewhere, raises new uncertainties regarding the rule of law, the civil rights of minority groups, and the status of democratic rule. Meanwhile, the region’s increasingly globalized economies have variously embraced and shunned Western economic influence, maintaining and cultivating trade and political linkages with the former “Soviet ecumene” and in East Asia, notably China. Amid these broad trends, novel forms of urban space locate and reveal a variety of perspectives on the nature of the Transition. Sapa Marketplace, a wholesale trade and cultural center outside of Prague, Czechia, illustrates how processes of spatial production and diverse economic practices are articulated to the materiality of post-Socialism. Reading Sapa in conversation with the physical legacies of Socialism and burgeoning flows of people and goods from East and Southeast Asia, this thesis proposes several ways of seeing urban space as illustrative of regional processes of spatial production, fractured and multiple geographies, and diverse economic practices.
Mathematical framework for multi-frequency identification of thin insulating and small conductive inhomogeneities
Creators: name: Ammari, Habib
name: Seo, Jin Keun
name: Zhang, Tingting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q61

description: We are aiming to identify the thin insulating inhomogeneities and small conductive inhomogeneities inside an electrically conducting medium by using multi-frequency electrical impedance tomography (mfEIT). The thin insulating inhomogeneities are considered in the form of tubular neighborhood of a curve and small conductive inhomogeneities are regarded as circular disks. Taking advantage of the frequency dependent behavior of insulating objects, we give a rigorous derivation of the potential along thin insulating objects at various frequencies. Asymptotic formula is given to analyze relationship between inhomogeneities and boundary potential at different frequencies. In numerical simulations, spectroscopic images are provided to visualize the reconstructed admittivity at various frequencies. For the view of both kinds of inhomogeneities, an integrated reconstructed image based on principle component analysis (PCA) is provided. Phantom experiments are performed by using Swisstom EIT-Pioneer Set.
description: 23 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1405.4582
On-Demand Directional Microwave Photon Emission Using Waveguide Quantum Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Kannan, Bharath
name: Almanakly, Aziza
name: Sung, Youngkyu
name: Di Paolo, Agustin
name: Rower, David A.
name: Braumüller, Jochen
name: Melville, Alexander
name: Niedzielski, Bethany M.
name: Karamlou, Amir
name: Serniak, Kyle
name: Vepsäläinen, Antti
name: Schwartz, Mollie E.
name: Yoder, Jonilyn L.
name: Winik, Roni
name: Wang, Joel I-Jan
name: Orlando, Terry P.
name: Gustavsson, Simon
name: Grover, Jeffrey A.
name: Oliver, William D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Routing quantum information between non-local computational nodes is a foundation for extensible networks of quantum processors. Quantum information transfer between arbitrary nodes is generally mediated either by photons that propagate between them, or by resonantly coupling nearby nodes. The utility is determined by the type of emitter, propagation channel, and receiver. Conventional approaches involving propagating microwave photons have limited fidelity due to photon loss and are often unidirectional, whereas architectures that use direct resonant coupling are bidirectional in principle, but can generally accommodate only a few local nodes. Here we demonstrate high-fidelity, on-demand, directional, microwave photon emission. We do this using an artificial molecule comprising two superconducting qubits strongly coupled to a bidirectional waveguide, effectively creating a chiral microwave waveguide. Quantum interference between the photon emission pathways from the molecule generates single photons that selectively propagate in a chosen direction. This circuit will also be capable of photon absorption, making it suitable for building interconnects within extensible quantum networks.
Yangian-invariant fishnet integrals in 2 dimensions as volumes of Calabi-Yau varieties
Creators: name: Duhr, Claude
name: Klemm, Albrecht
name: Loebbert, Florian
name: Nega, Christoph
name: Porkert, Franziska
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that $\ell$-loop Yangian-invariant fishnet integrals in 2 dimensions are connected to a family of Calabi-Yau $\ell$-folds. The value of the integral can be computed from the periods of the Calabi-Yau, while the Yangian generators provide its Picard-Fuchs differential ideal. Using mirror symmetry, we can identify the value of the integral as the quantum volume of the mirror Calabi-Yau. We find that, similar to what happens in string theory, for $\ell=1$ and 2 the value of the integral agrees with the classical volume of the mirror, but starting from $\ell=3$, the classical volume gets corrected by instanton contributions. We illustrate these claims on several examples, and we use them to provide for the first time results for 2- and 3-loop Yangian-invariant traintrack integrals in 2 dimensions for arbitrary external kinematics.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Responses to female leadership failures
Creators: name: Kyra Hinsberg, van
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: Work, Economy and Organizations
subject: Industrial and Organizational Psychology
subject: Human Resources Management
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: ehtical and competence failure
subject: gender
subject: leadership
subject: leadership evaluation
subject: organizational failure

description: This project focuses on the responses to leadership failures. Stereotypically, women are expected to be warm and communal, while men are seen as agentic and competent, the latter being in line with the stereotypical ‘good’ leader. Because of this role incongruency for female leaders, we argue that senior women will be more severely punished for their behaviours than their male counterparts. Additionally, research suggests that female leaders are held to higher ethical standards than men. In this project we make a distinction between ethical and competence failures, and aim to see whether failures are categorized differently depending on the leaders gender.
TAM RTK Inhibition Causes Different Effects in Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Dendritic Cells
Creators: name: Harris, William
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: While cancer immunotherapy presents the possibility of safe and effective treatments, a
variety of factors may reduce the effectiveness of existing immunotherapies. Of particular note is
the ability of cancer to activate cellular signaling pathways that ultimately suppress inflammatory
responses. Two cell types thought to mediate cancer-related immunosuppression are
myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and dendritic cells (DCs). The TAM family of
receptor tyrosine kinases ( Tyro3 , Axl , and Mer ) is implicated in regulation of the immune system
and the clearance of apoptotic cells.
A Noise-Robust Data Assimilation Method for Crystal Structure Prediction Using Powder Diffraction Intensity
Creators: name: Yoshikawa, Seiji
name: Sato, Ryuhei
name: Akashi, Ryosuke
name: Todo, Synge
name: Tsuneyuki, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystal structure prediction for a given chemical composition has long been a challenge in condensed-matter science. We have recently shown that experimental powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) data are helpful in a crystal structure search using simulated annealing, even when they are insufficient for structure determination by themselves (N. Tsujimoto et al., Phys. Rev. Materials 2, 053801 (2018)). In the method, the XRD data are assimilated into the simulation by adding a penalty function to the physical potential energy, where we used a crystallinity-type penalty function defined by the difference between experimental and simulated diffraction angles. To improve the success rate and noise robustness, we introduce a correlation-coefficient-type penalty function adaptable to XRD data with significant experimental noise. We apply the new penalty function to SiO$_2$ coesite and $ε$-Zn(OH)$_2$ to determine its effectiveness in the data assimilation method.
description: This article has been submitted to The Journal of Chemical Physics
Transnational to the Grave: The Patchwork Governance of Corpse Repatriation Within the EU
Creators: name: Senecal, Sofie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Despite the freedom of movement and establishment enshrined as fundamental rights by the European Union, there is no clear system governing the transport of citizens’ bodies across national borders after death. The patchwork of legislation that forms the current framework was created by many actors — including governments, international public health organizations, the European Union, and various European non-governmental organizations — over more than eighty years, and tracing its evolution provides a window into the development of international, then supranational governance across the 21st century. Using primary sources, this paper investigates the absence of EU legislation on the issue, identifying several key problems and unearthing the underlying issue: a disorganized understanding of corpse repatriation as a subject. Ultimately, the question of the transport of citizens’ mortal remains between EU member states acts as a case study, revealing the complexity of multilevel, supranational governance.
Integrable boundary conditions for staggered vertex models
Creators: name: Frahm, Holger
name: Gehrmann, Sascha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Yang-Baxter integrable vertex models with a generic $\mathbb{Z}_2$-staggering can be expressed in terms of composite $\mathbb{R}$-matrices given in terms of the elementary $R$-matrices. Similarly, integrable open boundary conditions can be constructed through generalized reflection algebras based on these objects and their representations in terms of composite boundary matrices $\mathbb{K}^\pm$. We show that only two types of staggering yield a local Hamiltonian with integrable open boundary conditions in this approach. The staggering in the underlying model allows for a second hierarchy of commuting integrals of motion (in addition to the one including the Hamiltonian obtained from the usual transfer matrix), starting with the so-called quasi momentum operator. In this paper, we show that this quasi momentum operator can be obtained together with the Hamiltonian for both periodic and open models in a unified way from enlarged Yang-Baxter or reflection algebras in the composite picture. For the special case of the staggered six-vertex model, this allows constructing an integrable spectral flow between the two local cases.